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[1917    ISSUE] 

Compiled  by  the  "  Weekly  Irish  Times"  Dublin. 


SINN  FEIN 
REBELLION 
ANDBOOK. 


Easter.  1916. 


Complete  and-  Connected  Narrative  of  the  Rising,  with  Detailed 

Accounts   of  the  Fighting  at   all  Points. 

Story  of  the  Great  Fires,  with  list  of  Premises  Involved. 

Military  and  Rebel  Proclamations  and  Despatches. 

Punishment  or' Rebels — Full  Record  of  Sentences. 

^asualities—  Official  Lists  of  Military,  Royal  Irish  Constabulary,  Dublin 

Metropolitan  Police,  Volunteer  Training  Corps,  and  Rebels. 

Names  of  Persons  Interred  in  Cemeteries. 

Official  Lists  of  Pris'oners  Deported  and  Released. 

SPECIAL   MAP  PRINTED   IN  COLOURS. 

(Illustrating   the   Area   of  Fighting.) 

Despatches  of  Sir  John  Maxwell  and  Viscount  French. 
ronours,  Promotions,  and  Awards  to  Military,  Police,  and  Civilians, 
Court-martial  at  Richmond  Barracks— Reports  of  Public  Trials. 
Sir  Roger  Casement's  Landing,  Capture,  Trial  and  Execution.  ' 
Hardinge  Commission  of  Inquiry — Evidence   and  Report. 
Simon  Commission  of  Inquiry — Evidence  and  Report. 
Vork  of  the  Hospitals— St.  John  Ambulance— City  and  County  of. 
Dublin  Red  Cross  Societies— Lists  of  Names. 
Facsimile  Reproductions  of  Rebel  Proclamations,  &c. 
Names  of  Prisoners  Released  under  General  Amnesty. 
Photographs,  Personal  Notes,  and  Index. 


PRICE  1/6  NET. 

POSTAGE    FOURPENCE. 


BY  SPECIAL 
ROYAL  WARRANT 


TO  HIS  MAJESTY 
KING  GEORGE  V- 


WEST   &    SON, 


ESTABLISHED     1720 


MANUFACTURING    SILVERSMITHS. 

I  2 


A  replica  of  the  1 60  Solid  Silver  Cups  manufactured 
in  our  own  Workshops,  14  Fade  Street,  for  Presentation 
to  the  Officers  and  Cadets  of  the  Dublin  University 
Oncers'  Training  Corps  and  other  Defenders  of  Trinity 
College. 

Show  Rooms  : — 

GRAFTON      HOUSE, 

102    &     103    GRAFTON    STREET,    DUBLIN. 


STIVX   FEIX  EKBKT.T.IOX  ..HANDBOOK. 


Cf 


\\t    Irish    Sim**, 


SHOWING 


WAR     FRONTS 


OF 


EUROPE 

As  in  May,  1917. 


TOGETHER  WITH    DATES  OF   DECLARATIONS 
OF    WAR    BY    EACH    NATION. 


The  sheet  measures  20in.  by  30in.,  and  the  regions  covered 
extend  from  the  North  of  Scotland  and  the  South-West  of 
France  on  the  West,  to  Petrograd  and  the  Perekop  on  tho 
East.  Not  only  are  the  rresent  battle  fronta  of  the  West, 
the  Italian,  and  the  Russian,  very  strongly  marked,  but  tha 
furthest  progress  of  the  Allies  and  the  Central  Powers  is  also 
indicated  in  each  case.  Readers  will  appreciate  the  manner  in 
which  the  Provinces  and  Departments  of  the  various  countries 
ar>>  e.«arly  typed.  A  further  interesting  feature  of  this-  Map 
i.«  the-  indication  of  the  location  and  date  of  the  three  grda.ii 
Naval  Engagements  in  the  North  Sea. 


Issued  by  THE  IRISH  TIMES,  Ltd".    Dubliit 

in  Conjunction  with 

G.  W.  BACON  &  CO ,  Ltd.,  London,  Map  Print^ 


SINS   FEIN  REBET.T.TOX   HANDBOOK. 


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abuse  it !  If  it  goes  wrong,  see 
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All  tyre  repairs  undertaken.  Special  con- 
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*Phone«  and  Telegram! 


3620,  Dublin. 


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Luncheons,      Dinners,     Suppers 
Table    d'Hote    and  a   la  carte 


PETER   NUGEVT, 
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SINX   FKIX  KETtELT.IOX    HANDBOOK. 


omy 


Everyone  in  these  days  must  see  the  necessity  of  economy,  and  mut 
study  carefully  how  to  "  draw  in."  There  should  be  S'ate,  Municipal  anc 
Domestic  Economy.      The  last  named  most  closely  affects  the  individual. 


Some  people  consider  that  by  buying  a  cheaper  article  they  an 
economising.  If,  as  often  happens,  the  cheaper  article  is  inferior,  they  afi 
wrong — they  are  really  wasting  money. 


Take  soap,  for  instance.  You  can  buy  a  cheap,  impure  and  coarsi 
article  which  will  waste  quickly,  because  it  contains  chemical  impurities 
Further,  it  v.  ill  injure  the  fabric  of  clothes  washed  with  it,  and  probably  th 
hands  of  those  who  use  it. 

You  can  also  buy  soap  which,  by  reason  of  being  made  from   soft  oi 
material,    "runs"   away   in   use,   and   is  wasteful  because  you  cannot  he! 
using  more  than  is  necessary. 


What  you  should  buy  is  a  soap  which  will  work  till  the  last  ounce) 
which  will  not  injure  the  clothes,  which  is  pleasant  to  use,   and  which  is  n 
excessive  in  price.      We  confidently  recommend  our 


(Elks  Head  Brand). 

JTT      Be  careful  to  see  our  name  and  Trade  Mark  (Irish   Elk's   Head) 
^j]      every  bar,  which  is  a  guaran!ee  of  our  genuine  article. 

THIS  BSAND  MADE  ONLY  BY 

John  Barrington  &  Sons 

King's  Infca  SOreet  Soap  Works,  L*d- 

IIIBLIN. 


' 


SINN  FEIN  REBELLION   HANDBOOK. 


[1917    ISSUE.] 

Compiled  by    the    "  Weekly  Irish    Times/*   Dublin. 


*  % 


Easter,  1916. 


Complete  and  Connected  Narrative  of  the  Rising,  with  Detailed 

Accounts   of  the  Fighting  at  All  Points. 

Story  of  the  Great  Fires,  with   List  of  Premises  Involved. 

Military  and  Rebel  Proclamations  and  Despatches. 

Punishment  of  Rebels— Full  Record  of  Sentences. 

Casualties — Official  Lists  of  Military,  Royal  Irish  Constabulary,  Dublir 
Metropolitan  Police,   Volunteer  Training  Corps,  and  Rebels. 

Names  of  Persons  Interred  in  Cemeteries. 

Official  Lists  of  Prisoners   Deported  and  Released. 

SPECIAL    MAP    PRINTED    IN    COLOURS 

{Illustrating  the  Area  of  Fighting). 

Despatches  of  Sir  John  Maxwell  and  Viscount  Fre  w\. 

Honours,  Promotions  and  Awards  to  Military,  Police  and  Civilians, 

Courts-martial  at  Richmond  Barracks— Reports  of  Public   Trials. 

Sir  Roger  Casement's  Landing,  Capture,  Trial  and  Execution. 

Hardinge  Commission  of  Inquiry—Evidence  and  Report. 

Simon  Commission  of  Inquiry — Evidence  and  Report. 

Work  of  the  Hospitals — St.  John   Ambulance— City   and  County  of 

Dublin   Red  Cross  Societies — Lists  of  Names. 

Facsimile  Reproductions  of  Rebel  Proclamations,  &c. 

Names  of  Prisoners  Released  under  General  Amnesty. 

Photographs.  Personal  Notes,  and  Index. 


'u 


XII. 


SINN"   FEIN  B.KBEIXION   HANDBOOK. 


Business     as     Usual. 


GOOD     WORK    TELLS. 


IT 


Dry 


IS    TRUEST    ECONOMY    TO    EMPLOY 

Experts  in 

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By  scrutinising  every  article  entrusted  to  us  with  the  utmost  care, 
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position  in  the  front  rank  ok  Dyers  and  Cleaners.  Neither  time, 
trouble,  nor  expense  is  spared  in  the  service  of  our  customers. 
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BRANCHES : 

6  GRAFTON  STREET.  T«L  No.  2605. 

20  REDMOND'S  HILU  Tel.  No.  330  y. 

17  CORNMARKET,  Tel.  No,  567. 

11  RATHMINES  TERRACE.  Tel.  No.  47  Rathminc 

Dye   Works, 


CORK,   BELFAST,   LIMERICK. 

ORDERS       EXECUTED      PROMPTLY. 


M  PUBLIC  LIBRARY 


S1VX    FKJN    HKRIXT.TOX    HANDBOOK. 


SUMMARY    OF    CONTENTS. 


Page. 

Declaration  of  Irish  Republic  (Facsimile)     ...         .,,         ...         ...          ...         ...  1 

Photographs  of  the  "  Provisional  Government"     ...         ,.,         ...         ...         ...  2  3 

Surrender   of   Piebels   (Facsimile)          ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  4 

Rebels'  Address  to  the  Citizens  of  Dublin     ...         ...         ...          ...         ...         ...  4a 

Facsimile  of  John  MacNeill's  Letter    ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  4b 

Events  leading  up  to  the  Outbreak     ...          ...         ...          ...         ...         ...         ...  5-7 

The  Fighting  in  Dublin 7-30 

Sir  John  Maxwell   Answers  Charges  against  Troops          ...          ...         ...         ...  27-8 

The  Railways  and  Tramways  During  the  Rising     ...          ...         ...          ...         ...  31-2 

T    s  Great  Fires 33-3d 

The  Rising  in  the  Country         ...         ...          ...          ...         ...         ...         ...          ...  38-40 

Official   Reports    and    Statements   (with   Photographs)      ...         ...         ...         ...  4147 

Rebel    Proclamations        ...          ...          ...          48-51 

Official  Casualty  Lists— Military,  R.I.C.,  D.M.P.,  and  G.R 52-58 

Names  of  Persons  Interred  in  Glasnevin,  Mount  Jerome,  and  Dean's  Grange 

Cemeteries        ...          ...         ...          ...         ...         ...         ...          ...          ...          ...  59-61 

Rebels  Killed  while  Fighting 61 

Punishment  of  Rebels  (with  Photographs)    ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  62  68 

Condemned   Rebel's   Marriage   in   Prison      ...         ...          ...          ...         ...          ...  gg 

Prisoners  Deported,  Detained,  and  Released           ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  69-91 

Sir  John   Maxwell  and  Viscount  French's  Despatches     ...          ...          ...         ...  92-97 

Honours    and    Awards    to    Military    and   Police       98-99  255-8 

Courts-martial  : 

Shooting  of  Francis   Sheehy  Sherrington        ...          ...          ...         ...         ...  102-108 

Murder  of  Constable  McGee     ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  109-112 

Meath   County  Surveyor              ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  112-115 

Shooting   at  Guinness's   Brewery         116-121 

Soldier  Charged  with  Murder   ...         ...         ...          ...         ...         ...         ...  122  123 

Attempted   Gun-running   in   Kerry      *         ...         ...         ...          ...  123-126 

Shooting  of  Head  Constable  Rowe     ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  126-127 

Sir  Roger  Casement's  Landing,  Capture,  Trial,  and  Execution  ...         128-150 

Maps  Facing    Page    14,  136-7,  241 

Royal   Commission   of  Inquiry  into  Causes  of  Rebellion — Evidence,    Report- 

and    Conclusions        ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  151-205 

R.<  yal    Commission  of  Inquiry  into  Shooting  of  three  men       at     Portobello 

Barracks — Report,  Extracts  of  Evidence,  and.  Mrs.  Skeffington's  Statement  206-224 


Red  Cross,  Ambulance,  and  Hospftal  Workers 
Staves  Used   by  the  Rebels 

Th?     government    of    the    Country     ... 

Leg*J(  Aspects    of   the    Rebellion 

Rebuilding     of     Destroyed     Areas 

Compensation  for  Victims  and  Property  Destroyed... 

Defenders  of  Trinity  College 

Volunteer  Defenders  of  Beggar's  JJush  Barracks     ... 
Newspapers  During  the  Rebellions 

Passes  Granted  by  Military  a^»l  Polity        » 

Who's  Who  in  this  Volume      .  4. 
Names  of  prisoners  Released  Uhc'er  General  Amnesty- 
Index  ... 


225-238 

238 

239-244 

245  6 

246-8 

24950 

251-2 

252 

253 

254 

259-76 

277 

X1V.-XV.,  278-28r 


rSDKX. 


INDEX. 


Tist   nf   places  and   names  alphabetically   arranged   appear  in  the  Handbook  as  follows:— 
Premises    Destroyed   and    Damaged   in   tiie  Great   Files 
Killed   and    Wounded— .Military— Officers  and   Men   . 
,,  Royal   Irish   Constabulary 

Dublin    Metropolitan    Police  .. 
,',  Veteran    Volunteers 

250'  Persons  Interred  at  Glasnevin  Cemetery 
24         ,  „        ,,     Mount    Jerome 

49       "  ,,       „     Dean's    Grange 

Rebels  Killed  While  Fighting  ..      .  .  ... 

Rebels   Executed   and  Sentenced  to  Penal  Servitude  and   Imprisonment 
prisoners    Deported   and    Released 
Honours  and  Awards  to   Military    ..•■.•• 
,.    Royal     Irish     Constabulary 
,,  „    Dublin     Metropolitan     i'olice 

St     John    Ambulance    Brigade    Workers 
ti'tv   of    Dublin   Red  Cross   Workers 
Coiintv   of   Dublin    Red   Gross    Workers  ... 

rC-iiftf-nt^s  and  War  Loan  Stock  Presented  to  Royal  Tnsh    Constabulary 
°e,L"u         ;  „  „  Dublin  Metropolitan   Police    .. 

Defenders  of  Trinity  College 
De  Peggar's    Bush    Barracks 

Prisoner1*  "Released   from    Penal    Servitude    under  General   Amnesty 

~  Names  of   persons  not   found  in   the  following  index    should    be    sought    for    in    one    or 
the   above    lists.  , 

Ammunition        Used       by 


36  8 

6*-6 

5/ 

67-8 

58 

5960 

60-1 

61 

61 

62-68 

69-91 

98 

98-9 

99 

225-50 

250-1 

231-3 

255-8 

255-6 

251-2 

252 

277 

other    of 


A. 

Abbevdurney  Police  Station  134-5 

^  ?To,  It.  12,  33-7.  41-9 
Abbey  Theatre       ••  ••        ^/ 

Aberdeen,   Lord      ..  174.  184 

Absurdity      of      Viceroys 

Position  .  ■ •  _    a°;? 

Acheson,  Maj.  P  TT.,  A.S.C.  52 
Acknowledgments  of  Sir 

John     Maxwell  ••  9° 

Act   of    Injustice 184 

Act   of    Union        ..  ■■     .   156 

Address  to  Citizens  of  Dublin 

by   Rebels  ..  ■■  4a,_  48 

Adelaide    Hospital  16,  2o6-7 

Admiralty 

7.    10,    24,   92-3.    125,    130-4, 
163,   -71,  182 
Ahem.    Sergeant,    R.l.G. 

6,  127,  25S 
Ai'esbury  Park  Hospital..  232 
Aisne,    Battle  of     .  ..       106 

Alexandra      College      Nursing 

Division  ..  ..        226 

Alexander.  T.  E 112 

Aliens  ..  ..        169,    187-8 

Allegations  Against  Troops 

27,    29,   43,   97 
Allen   and  Sons,  James   ..  37 

Allen,    Richard       ..  34,   36 

Allett,   Col.    H.   T.   W. 

52,    98,    213,    259 
Allies   in  Europe    ..  ..    1,  50 

Alridge,  Sergt.  J.   W. 

104,    20910.    216-17,    269 
Alton,  Captain   E.   H. 

94-8.  100,  251,  259 
Ambulances  Fired  On  ..  97 
ambulances  Reviewed  ..  100 
Ambus  >    of   Soldiers  20,   27 

America 

44,   141-5-6,    151-6-7,  171 
America— Influence  ..        191 

America— Kinsmen  Tn  ...  l.  50 
America'— Letters  from  ..  125 
American        Lawyer        ;it 

Garment    Trial'  ..         133 

America—  Money  from 

146.    151,    161-5-6.    170-1 
198,   201 
American    Subscriptions  to 

Keli.-f    Fund       ..  ..        244 

Amkms  Street  Shooting  122-3 
Amiens  Si  net  Station  8,  32,  93 
Ammunition,    American  no 

Ammunition     Taken   (torn 

Rebels    ..  ..  ...    171      u 

Ammunition  —  Theft     of 

«.)  ili.ary  . .        ;  «,j 

Jifliiiiuiiitioo.  from  Germajy  lv!>4,  6 


Rebels 171 

Amnesty      ..  .  ..        277 

Aiia.rcit.st  Sentiment  ..  200 
A.O.li.  (American  Alliance)  lb9 
Anderson,    R.A.,    iA.V.T.O. 

22,   58 
Annesley   Bridge    ..  ..  30 

Anti-British 

151-2-b,    161-5.    181-8.    191-7, 
201 
Antipathy,    Some   Causes..        157 
Auu-RecruiUiig    Meetings, 

181-7-8,    192 

Antrim    Co.  242 

1   PacK   of   Rebels  ..        203 

Appeal  by  Casement  ..  147-9 
Arbour    Hill  ..         77-8,   133 

Archbishop's      House,     Drum- 

co.vdra  ..  ...  7 

Ardee  ..  ..41,  109-11-14 

Ardl'ert  124-5,  150-2-3-8,  3.40 
Arkluvv  ..  ..  44-5     95 

Ailiugton    Street   ..  ..       156 

Armagh 242 

Arming   of   Police..  ..        196 

Armoured  Motor      Cars      fend 

Lorries     ..         17,   52,   >"A,   95-6 
Armoured    Train    ..  39,  40 

Arms  Act  159,  165,  1P2,  196-7 
Arms — Attempt  to  Laud  German 

7,  41,  153,  193 
Arms — Carrying  Prohibited  47 
Arms — Importation    of 

151-3,  16b,  170  198,  202-4 
Arms  Landed  in  Kowth...  152 
Arms  Landed  in  Ulster..  152 
Arms— Purchased   from 

Soldiers       151 
Arms    Restriction  ...     152-3 

Anns  Snxii'v  6  169.  186,  199 
Anns— Surrender     >£  47,     194 

Army    Coin  e.il  .  46,    108 

Army    of    the    Irish    Republic 

19,  44-8-9,  50-1,  61 
Army  Pay  Department  33,  95 
Army    Service    Corps        ..  55 

Arnott  and   Co.      ..  10,   33 

Arrest,   of    Cas<  nienD  ..         130 

Arrival       nf       Sir       John 

95 

179,    192 

201 


Maxwell 
Irsenal 

A  r  a  ne 
Artillery 
9.  10. 


13 


23,   24,   31,  44-9, 
50,   93-7,    161 
40  4.    96,    112  15 
64  7,    112,    277 


\shbonrne     38, 
Aslie.   Thomas 
Asquith    il    II. 

29.  4i-«,   -MJ-8.   100.   163.   239, 
243 


Aston's   Quay         .  ,.  35 

i    Terrible   Ordeal  ..        212 

Athemeum,  Enniscorthy..  179 
Athelliy  .  31,  39,  42,  174-6 
Athlone        ..  ..         92-3,   173 

Atkins,  Mr.  Justice  ..    147-9 

Attempt  to  Blow  Up  Bridges  31 
Attempt    to    Blow    Up    .Nelson 

Piilar       ..  ..  ..  15 

And   (Arms  Ship) 

124,   130-4-5.    162,   178,  203-4 
Australian        Subscription? 

to    Relief    Fund..  ..        244 

*ostria        ...  .  1^6    194 

Auxiliary   Hospitals  ..     225-6 

A  very,   Mr.  Justice  ..138-146 

Aivanl"      to      R.l  C.      ai~l 

D.M.P.  ..  ..     265-8 

Award.,      to      Victims      of 

Rebellion  ..  .        249 

B. 
Bachelor's    Walk 

8.   12,  49,   131.   158,   171,   198 
Baggoti    street        ..  ..20.  21 

Bagnalstown         .    .  ..      44-5 

Bailey,   Daniel  Julian 

123-6,   128-159    149,   163,   259 
Baker   and    Sons    ..  ..  30 

Baker,   Lieut.  A.  W.  W.    98,   ICO 
Ralbriggan     VA.D.  ..        232 

Baleh.    Major       52,   211-17,  223 
Baldwin,    Mr.         ..  ..  69 

Ball.   Sir  Arthur.    M.D.    .  25 

Balliua  .  ...  ..        182 

Bailivor        ..  ..  ..        113 

Rallsbridge  21,  27,  93-4 

nall.vlxiden  ..  ..  7 

Ball.vbough   Bridge  ..  30 

Rallvcotton    Day    ...  ..        190 

Ballyheigue  ..  124,   133 

Bt-'llykissane  Quay  ..  7 

Dall.vmacelligott     ..  ..        177 

Rallymun    ..         ..         .        179 

Bafrath  ..  38,  113 

Balrothery  .  ..       113 

Hank    Account    of    Volun- 
teers      ..         .  ..       193 

Bank  of  Ireland  94,  173,  239 
Raima   SI  rand  125,   132-3 

Barbed   Wire     in  Sack v ill© 

street  ..  ..  1% 

Barlinnie     Barracks  ..       83-4 

Barrett,   Constable   Thos.,    DM. P. 

99.    259 

Barricades   in    Streets 

8.     9,     12,     28-30,     33-4,     49, 

935-7 
Barrow    Bridge      ..  42.   189 

Darr.vniore.     Lord  . .  ..         161 

Rnrton,    Air.    Justice        ..        ioa» 
Bart<»„     Scrgt.      John.      D.1I  P. 
S9.   25S 


IXDKX. 


250 


Basis  of  Comixmsation  for 

Destroyed    Property 
Batlenberg,       Capt.        11  is 
Highness    Prince    Alex- 
ander  of  ..  ..  98 

Battersby,  Capt 40 

Bnttersby,    Miss    ..  ..         40 

Battersby,    Mr..    K.C.      ..         40 
Ravvnard  House  40.   126-7 

Bavonets        8     16.   152.   169.  J  83 
tfra'en*.   Patrick  28.  29,   269 

feater,    G.    V 36 

Bcaitic.     I.icnt 213 

Beggar's    Bush    Barracks 

9,   20  2-5-4.  93.   252 
Bilaeiw,   Colonel    (Russian    Army) 
154,   140 
Belfast, 

41-2  5-6.       <2  5,        110,       155, 
157-9,    190,   239,    242 
Bolsrium       ..  . .  135-146 

Benches  from   Irish   House 

of    Lords'  ..  ..  19 

Be^nci  I.    Dr.   Dampter      ..        251 
Beresfoi'd   Place 

6,   7,  38,   48,   162.   195 

Bcrcren         130-4 

Rfrg:n.    Francis.    OF.      ..        115 
Berlin  14.   129     13S.   9.   140 

Bestick.  Sei-t..  P. I.''.     ••        135 
B(  vvley.   Sons,  and   Co..    Ltd. 

15,    53.   36 

Billeting    Bill  ..  ..         192 

Bird.  Major-General  ..        106 

Birmingham  ••  ••        190 

BirrriL     Right     Tina.     August  t tie 

(<  hief    Secretary)    6.    41.    153- 

5-7-8-9.     160-3-6-9.     170-2.  181- 

2-4,     195  6,    201-3-5,     259,  259 

Bishop    of    Kerry,    Romafl 

Catholic 


Biierley,  Sec.   Lt.   Jas.    ..        135   (  Cease    Fire 
Briiisil    Empire    —    Fight 
Against  ..         ..       201 

British    Bed    Cross  230-1-2-3 

British   South   Africa        ..        125 

Bnttas         ..  ..  ..        I6y 

Braten,        District        Ins- 
pector,   R.J.C.      135,   140     256 

Brixton    Prison       ..  . .        133 

-Broadmoor  Criminal 

i.niutie,    Asylum  ..        212 

Broadstone    Station  ..     8,  31 

Bropliy,    D.  ..  ..  32 

Brophy,   Michael  ..  28,   29 

Brosiiau,   Sergt. -Major      ..        260 

Brown,   Col.   .1.   S.  ..        108 

Browning,     Sub-Commandant 
V.  JL,  LA. V.T.C     22,  58.  260 

Brunswick    Street  ..  10.  23 

"  Brutal    Document"       ..     124-5 

Bi.vce.    Jas..   ex-Chief   Sec.        159 

Backhaul,     R.  ..  ..  36 

l!i  ckiuuham   Street  ..  34 

Buckshot  ..  ..        no 

Bullets',    Flat-nosed,    Split, 

and    Reversed    ..  ..        171 

Burgess,   II.  (J.      ..  ..        100 

Burials    in    Dublin    Castle 

G  arden  ..  ..  17 

Burke,  -Sergt.,   B.I.C.      ..         40 

Burton,     Capt.         .  .        211 

Butler,   Sergt.  Jas.,   B.I.C.        133 

Butt    Bridge  ..  ..  23 

Byrne,   Brigadier-General   J.   A. 

98,   189.   255,  260 

Byrne.   Capt.  .  ..        217 

Byrne,    Dr.    Fi/rene  ..        115 

Byrne,    Dr.    Louis   A.         ..  28 

Byrne,    Laurence     .       208,   220-1 

Byrne,    Sir    Win.    Patrick 

239,     2-19,     260 


Bishop   Street         ..  ..9,   50 

Black    Flax  ..  ••        192      Cabinet.    The    42.158,160-1.196 

Blackball    Place     -.  ..        195       Cable    Boot    Co.,    Ltd.      ..34,  36 

R'.-trkwn'cr  .-  ..        133   •  Cables    Cut  ..  ..  11 

Blake    Capt.    A.   W.         ..        100      p;.,ble    Stations      ••  ••        178 

Blake.   Sir    Henry.         1«KD-1,   259   |  Ciihra   Road  8.  9.  30.  31 

Blaechardsfnwii        Pa'Uvay 

RJown     Up     and    Train 

Wrecked  ..  ••  SI 

RlMfctinsr    PwW    .  ..        179 

Rluehell     II  M.S.   125.   130-4.    1^0 
Blvthe    Frnest  6.  177-1 80 

Bodies  Buried   in  Cellar  ..  28 

Bodkin      \.    IT.       ..  128-149 

Bogus  Military   Order 

6.  170.  203-4,  214 
Bnhermern  Barracks  ..  113 
Boherrnure  ..  ..  39 

Boland's   Mill  and   B  -leery 

8.    21-4-5.  ,42-50 
Bolton    Street  ..  -•  38 

Bombardment    of    English 

Coast,        ..  97,    157 

Bombardment  of  Liberty   Hall 

10,    23-4 
B'>Tn'Mrnr  Parties   ..  ..  94 

V*  wrung    School    ..  ..  94 

Bombs       14  5.    110-1-6  9.    208-21 
Booth.    B.    W.  174.   259 

Bowen-C'ollhnrst.    Captain     J.     C. 
102-8.    207-224.    260 
Bow    St.  Police   Court        128-138 
Royd.    Mr.   Justice  ..        174 

Boxers  and  Co.    '..  ..  35 

Boyle.    John     F 250 

Bov  Seoids.  Kingstown  ..  101 
Bracken,  Sprirf..  M.F  P.  ..  133 
Btaltan,  Constable  F.ugene.  B.I.C 
99  113.  255,  260 
Bray    Carfers   of    L.    and 

N.W     Bly 100 

Bray.    Mr.   Ju'dieo..  ..     1 47  9 

Bravery    of    Women    Civilians 

16.   20 
Broken    Hear?   nolel  ..33     38 

|!*(  iituin     Miehiel  ..        180 

KremuKt,    Pie.   Joseph      ..        138 
Bridge   Street .. ..   33-5  8 


Ciihermore 

175 

Cs.rdbeck,    Sergt.    S 

amuel. 

R.I  C. 

126-7 

Cidlagh-'n,    J.  P.    .. 

36 

Caraac   R'ver 

26 

Camden   Street 

207 

0;-mo!in    Station     .. 

39 

Campbell,   Capt.    B. 

E 

118 

CcrrpMI.    Sir    James 

II  ', 

Bart.,    K.C,    M.I 

>. 

173-4,    181, 

206 

260 

Canada.       .. 

118 

Panel   Street 

7."  28. 

Tapper.    General    .. 

186 

fa  ra  mo  re 

39 

Oarisbrook    House 

20 

Carlnw 

44-5 

Carmelite  Order     .. 

26 

Carol  an.    The    Misses 

36 

Ca  son,  Sir   R. 

140,     157, 

162, 

210 

Carson.    T. 

37 

Carter.   Cong    Geo., 

R.LC 

134 

Casement,    Roger 

7,    40-1-2-4,    128- 

150     16 

2-3-5, 

170-1-2-4  8-9.  192  9. 

204, 

261. 

Castlebelliusham 

109-12. 

152 

Casllpisland 

188 

Castlelyons 

40 

Casllemaine  Bav   .. 

133 

Casualties— Civilians 

and 

Belt.  Is      .. 

59  61 

.    261 

Cnsun II ies-P  M  P. 

57-8 

Casnadios-G  R.'s 

5« 

Casualties — Military 

52-6 

Casual!  its— R  1-0. 

57 

Catbedial    Place     . 

10, 

33-5 

Catholic    Fmancipaf 

on 

156 

Causes  of  the  Outbreak      197-204 
Causeway     ..  ..  ..130  1-3 

Cavalry        ..         9,  44,   93.    179 
Cave    Sir  Geo.       ...  138.149 


11 

Celtic    Literary    Society   ..        192 
Cen.eterios—  l)t  an's  Grange  61 

Cemeteries— Glasuevin       ..    59-60 
Cemeteries — Mount    Jerome    6u-i 
Censorship  . .  ..  41.200 

Colli  re  of   Disturbance      ..  23 

Chalmers,  Sec.  Lt.  A.  D. 

13-4-5,  52 
Chj.Imcrs,    Sir    Mackenzie 

151-205,  261 
Chalmers,  Sir  Robert  239,  -61 
C  Uainberiuin,  Sir  Neville 

100,    164-8,    205,    261 
Chambers,       Jas.,       K.C, 

M.P 102  8 

Charges   of    Brutality        .       2/"-3 
Charles    Street         26,    93-9,    100 
Charleville   Road    ..  ..  30 

Chayfor,    II.    S.    ..  ..        101 

Cbaytor.    Mrs.    Fdith    C...        229 
Cheers   for  the   Kaiser     ..        193 
Cl.esney,  Sec.   Lt.  ..        127 

C'loylesmoro,     Major-Gene- 
ral  Lord  ..   98,   102-127 
Chimneys.    Bodies    In       ..  46 
China  Subscriptions  to  Be- 
lief   Fund            ..           ..        2 14 

Christ    Chinch    Plare        ..        19S 
"Christmas    Gift    to    Irish 

People"  ..  ..  6< 

Christmas— Bcturn   of    Pri- 
soners     ..  ..  ..  69 

Church — Presbyterian        .       10-37 
Chinch— Roman    Cathork     *2.    35 
Oherch     Street        ..  ..    25-7-9 

Circle    of   SI  eel       ..  ..  13 

Citizen    Army 

1.     7,     10.    12,    24,    41-7  9    51 
151,     169.     174      183       191-2 
Citv  &  Co.  P.  Building  Soc.  35 

Cite    and     Railway    Corps 

(LA  V.T.C.)         ..  ..       22-3 

City    Hall  8.    16.    49.    94 

City    Hospital.    Holies    Sr.        237 
C 1 1  --     of     Dublin     Nursing 

Division  ..  ..        226 

Citv  of  Dublin  Rrd  Cross  230-1 
Civilians.    Heroic  ..  21.    9,J: 

Civilians  Shootbitr  of  116.  121 
Civil  Servants  Dismissed  .  152 
CT'i'Cv,      John      J.,      K.C. 

ALP ^"> 

Clnnev     Lieut.         ..  ..  40 

Cinp-rn-G'ipl  156,   175-6.   201 

Cianwil'iam    House  ..    21.   38 

Clare    County 

44-5,   95.    171,    180-1 
Clarenbridge  .'.  ..        fR 

oi:,rt»,  C'loi.,  B.A.M.C...  122 
Clark*,   Thomas   J. 

1,2.    15    49,  62,  185.   2'V. 
Clark.   J.    Hubbard  ..  SP 

Cl.ixlou,    Sergt.       ..  "14-19-20 

Cbnton.   County    Inspector 

K.  M..  B.I.C.  176-7.  255,  2*? 
Oenrv.    Cons     Jas..    R.LC.  57 

Clerv   and  Co..    Lid., 

i0.     13.    33-4-6 
Cle'-y     Lee..  nnl.    Reginald 

F       I  A  V.T.C  22,    58,    262 

Ciffont.   The-  Misses        ■-         40 

OWmel        42 

Hor-skoai-h    Castle  ..        108 

Ooade,    T.    J. 

.--9.  208-^-1  VI 6-20-21  23,  262 
Coalition  »rove  umont  ..  157 
Co.  Cavnn    ..  .  2iCi 

Crvi"  Dronned  by  Casement  150-3 
CofTev      Constaf'V     Daniel, 

D  M  P.                  ....         125 
Coho'.m      Mosl     Rev     D-\. 
Assi'.ant     S,.C     Bishop 
of   Cork               -.  193-4 

Colbert  Collins..  64-5.  263 
Coldstream    guards  ••        132 

Coleraine     ..           ..  182.    190 

Cole's   Lane             ..  ..  53 

Colit-eum^Ti  -vdre 10.    15     5f 


Meteg  at  opening  at  inaex  (page    XIV.)   should  be   carefully   r   id. 


XXI. 


SINN1  FEIN  BTCnET.T/ION   HANDBOOK. 


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Q00QQQG0QQ00Q0OO90QGQ0OQQOGG0Q&&QO0QQ0QQQ00Q® 


IRISHMEN  AND  IRISHWOMEN  In  the  name  of  God  and  of  ihe  dead  generations 
from  which  she  receives  her  old  tradition  of  nationhood,  Ireland,  through  us.  summons 
her  children  to  her  flag  and  strikes  for  her  freedom. 

Having  organised  and  trained  her  manhood  throwgh  her  secret  revolutionary 
organisation,  the  Irish  Republican  Brotherhood,  and  through  her  open  military 
organisations,  the  Irish  Volunteers  and  the  Irish  Citizen  Army,  having  patiently 
perfected  her  discipline,  having  resolutely  waited  for  the  right  moment  iu  reveal 
itself,  she  now  seizes  that  ra-oment.  and.  supported  by  her  exiled  children  in  America 
and  by  gallant  allies  in  Europe,  but  relying  in  the  first  on  her.  own  strength,  she 
6tnkes  in  full  confidence  of  victory. 

We  declare  the  right  of  the  people  of  Ireland  to  the  ownership  of  Ireland,  and  to 
the  unfettered  control  of  Irish  destinies,  to  be  sovereign  and  indefeasible.  The  long 
usurpation  6i  that  right  by  a  foreign  people  and  government  has  not  extinguished  the 
right,  nor  can  u  ever  be  extinguished  except  by  the  destruction  of  the  Irish  people.  La 
every  generation  the  Irish  people  have  asserted  their  right  to  national  freedom  and 
sovereignty  .  six  times  during  the  past  three  hundred  years  they  have  asserted  it  in 
arms.  Standing  on  that  fundamental  right  and  again  asserting  it  in  arms  in  ihe  face 
of  the  world,  we  hereby  proclaim  the  Irish  Republic  as  a  Sovereign  Independent  State, 
and  we  pledge  cur  lives  and  the  lives  of  our  comrades-in-arms  10  the  cause  of  its  freedom, 
of  its  welfare,  and  of  its  exaltation  among  the  nations. 

The  Irish  Republic  is  entitled  to.  and  hereby  claims,  the  allegiance  of  every 
Irishman  and  Irishwoman.  The  Republic  guarantees  religious  and  civil  liberty,  equal 
rights  and  equal  opportunities  to  all  its  citizens,  and  declares  its  resolve  to  pursue 
the  happiness  and  prosperity  of  the  whole  nation  and  of  all  its  parts,  cherishing  all 
the  children  of  the  nation  equally,  and  oblivious  of  the  differences  carefully  fostered 
by  an  alien  government,  which  have  divided  a  minority  from  the  majority  in  the  past. 
Until  our  arms  have  brought  the  opportune  moment  for  the  establishment  of  a 
permanent  National  Government,  representative  of  the  whole  people  of  Ireland  and 
elected  by  the  suffrages  of  all  her  men  and  women,  the  Provisional  Government,  hereby 
constituted,  will  administer  the  civil  and  military  affairs  of  the  Republic  in  trust  for 
the  people. 

We  place  the  cause  of  the  Irish  Republic  under  tha  protection  of  the  Most  High  Cod, 
Whose  blessing  we  invoke  upon  our  arms,  and  we  pray  that  no  one  who  serves  that 
cause  will  dishonour  it  by  cowardice,  inhumanity,  or  rapine.  In  this  supreme  hour 
the  Irish" nation  must,  by  its  valour  and  discipline  and  by  the  readiness  of  its  children 
to  sacrifice  themselves  for  the  common  good,  prove  itself  worthyof  the  august  destiny 
to  which  it  is  called. 

Signed  on  Behalf  of  the  Provisional  Government, 

THOMAS  J.  CLARKE. 
SEAN   Mac   DIARMADA.        THOMAS   MacDQNAGH. 
P.  H.   PEARSE.  EAMONN   CEANNT. 

JAMES  CONNOLLY.  JOSEPH  PLUNKETT. 


Above   Is   a  reproduction  of  the  poster  bv     which  the   Irish  Republic  was  declared  en 
Monday,    24th   April,   1916.      The   poster,    it    will    be    absented,   bears    no    dale. 


The  declaration  of  the  Irish  Republic 
was  made  on  Easter  Monday,  24th 
April,  1916.  The  Provisional  Government 
was  composed  of  the  seven  men  whose 
signatures  appeared  on  the  proclamation 
poster,  and  whose  photographs  are  re- 
produced on  this  and  the  following  page. 
All  the  seven  were  condemned  by  courts- 
martial,  and  executed  after  the  rebellion 
had   been    suppressed. 


fhoto  ay}  IKeogh  Bros. 

THOMAS    *•   CLARKE,   executed  on   3rd   May. 


fhoto  by]  [Heooh   V,t'>$. 

JOHN    McOCRHOTT,  exr.cutbd   on   12lh    May. 


rkolo  by]  [Lalayetlo. 

1HOMAS    MacDONAGH.    axeouted   on   3rd    May. 


Photo  by}  lhajayelle. 

P.  H.  PEARSE,  "President/'  executed  on  3rd  May. 


Photo    Wj  iKeogh    Bros. 

EDMUND    KENT,    executed    on    8th    May. 


mm&   \      ^^J 


Photo  bul  \_La}ayette. 

JAMES   CONNOLLY,  executed)  en  12ttt  May. 


JOSEPH   PLUNKETT.  executed  on  4th  May. 


In  order  to  prevenj  the  further  slaughter  of  Rlblir.. 
citizens,  and  in  the  hope  of  saving  tho  livee  of  our 
followers  now  surrounded  and  hopelessly  outnumbered,  the 
member b  of  the  Provisional  Government  present  at  Head- 
Quartere  ha7»  agreed  to  an  unconditional  surrender,  and  the 
Coranandants  of  the  various  districts  in  the  Citv  and  Country 
will  order  their  cornmands  to  lay  down  arms. 


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...  TO   THE  ... 

CITIZENS  OF  DUBLI 

The  Provisional  Government  of  the  Irish  Republic  safbtca 
the  Citizins  of  Dublin  on  the  momentous  occasion  of  the 
proclamation  of  a 

Sovereign    Independent    Irish    State 

now  in  course  of  being  established  by  Irishmen  in  Arms, 
The  Republican  forces  hold  the  Jines  taken  up  at  Twelve 
noon  on  Easter  Morday,  and  nowhere,  despite  fierce  and  almost 
continuous  attacks  of  the  British  troops,  have  the  lines  been 
broken  through.  The  country  is  rising  in  answer  to  Dublin's 
cal),  and  the  final  achievement  of  Ireland's  freedom  is  now,  with 
God's  help,  only  a  matter  of  days.  The  valour,  self  sacrifice, 
and  discipline 'of  Irish  men  and  women  are  about  to  win  for  ouf 
country  a  glorious  place  among  the  nations. 

'Ireland's  honour  has  already  been  redeemed  ;  it  remains  to 
vindicate  berfwisdom  and  hci  self-control. 

All  citizens  of  Dublin  who  believe  in  the  tight- of- their 
Country  to  be  free  will  give  theiV  allegiance  And  their  loyal  help 
So  the  Irish  Republic.  There  is  work  for  everyone;  for  the  men 
in  the  righting  lint;,  and  tor  the  women  in  the  provision  of  food 
and  first  aid.  Every  Irishman. 'and  Irishwoman  worthy  of  bhe 
jnarne  will  come  forward  to  help  their  common  country  in' this  her 
supreme  hour. 

Able  bodied  Citizens  can  help  by  building  barricades  in  the 
streets  to  oppose  the  advance  of  the  British  troops.  The  British 
troops  have  been  firing  on  our  women  and  on  our  Red  Cross, 
On  the  other  hand,  Irish  Regiments  in  the  British  Army  have 
refused  to. act  against  their  fellow  countrymen. 

The  Provisional  Government  hopes  that  its  supporters  — 
which  means  the 'vast  bulk  of  the  people  of  Dublin— will  preserve 
order  and  self-restraint.  Such  'looting  as  has  already  occurred' 
has  been  dpne  by  hangers-on  of  the  British  Army.  Ireland  must 
keep  her  new  honour  unsmirched- 

We  have  lived  to  see  an  Irish  Republic  proclaimed.  May 
we  live  to  establish  it  firmly,  and  may.  our  children  and  our 
children's  children  •  enjoy  the  happiness  and  prosperity  which 
freedom  will  bring. 

Signed  on  behalf  of  the  Provisional  Government 

;.       .  *»•    **•    PEARS2, 

Commanding  in  Chkf  the  Forces  of  the   Irish   Republic 
and  President  of  the  Provisional  Government 

»bove    is    a    retroaction     cf    tile    pester    bv    wJWt  «ie    U.:..„j.^-.i    s»a.- — «    *4Jrese». 

th<;  citizer.s  of   Dublin. 


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Above  is  a  facsimiie  reproduc- 
tion of  a  letter  sent  by  John 
MacNeill  from  his  heme  at 
Woodtown  Park,  Rathfarnham, 
Co.  Dublin  at  1.20  p.m.  on 
Easter  Suitiay.  1916.  to  Com- 
mandant    De    Valera. 


The  following  is  a  copy  of  another 
letter  issued  on  Easter  Sunday,  1916, 
by  John  MacNeill  :— 

Easter  Sunday, 
Woodtown    Park, 
Rathfarnham, 
Co.  Dublin. 
The      order     to     Irish      Volunteers 
printed    over    my    name    in    to  day's 
Sunday       Independent       is       hereby 
authenticated.    Every  influence  shouRj 
be   used   immediately   and   throughout 
the    day    to   secure   faithful   execution 
of  this  order,   as  any   failure  to  obey 
it   maj    result  in   a   very   grave  cata- 
etropV.*, 

Eoin  MacNeill. 


THE     DARKEST     WEEK 

OF    DUBLIN. 


AN  ORGIE  OF  FIRE  AND  SLAUGHTER. 


The  story  of  the  Sinn  Fein  rebellion  in 
J)ublin  begins  a  long  way  behind  Easter 
Monday,  24th  April,  1916,  but  for  the 
purpose  of  giving  a  comprehensive  narrative 
of  the  rising  it  will  suffice  to  begin  with  the 
operations  on  St.  Patrick's  Day,  Friday,  17th 
March.  On  that  date  the  Dublin  Battalions 
of  the  Irish  Volunteers  held  a  field  day  in 
the  city.  The  different  sections  paraded  in 
the  morning  at  various  city  churches,  and 
later  the  whole  force  assembled  in  College 
Green,  where  they  gave  a  display  of  military 
manoeuvres,  concluding  with  a  march  past 
Mr.  John  MacNeill.  the  President  (whose 
name  was  printed  Eoin  MacNeill  in  most 
documents  issued  by  the  Volunteers),  and  the 
members  of  the  Executive,  who  had  pre- 
viously inspected  th  ?  men  in  the  ranks.  These 
operations  lasted  from  11  o'clock  till  one 
o'clock,  and  for  two  hours  the  tram  and 
other  vehicular  traffic  was  peremptorily  sus- 
pended by  the  volunteers,  most  of  whom 
carried  rifles  and  bayonets,  and  whose  num- 
bers on  that  occasion  were  estimated  at 
2,000.  While  the  inspection  was  in  progress 
the  pipe  bands  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  Battalions 
discoursed  music,  and  among  the  large  crowd 
of  spectators  leaflets  were  distributed  con- 
taining  "  Twenty   plain  facta   for  Irishmen." 

The  following  are  extracts : — 

"  It  is  the  natural  right  of  the  people  of 
every  nation  to  have  the  free  control  of  their 
own  national  affairs,  and  any  body  of  the 
people  is  entitled  to  assert  that  right  in  the 
name  of  the  people." 

"The  Irish  people  have  not  the  free  con- 
trol of  their  own  national  affairs." 

"Some  of  the  Irish  people  do  desire  that 
freedom,  and  r.re  entitled  to  assert  the  right 
of    the   nation." 

''The    Irish    Volunteers    (under    the  presi- 


dency of  Eoin   MacNeill)   are   pledged  to  the 
cause    of  the   freedom  of   Ireland." 

"In  raising,  training,  arming,  and  equip- 
ping the  Irish  Volunteers  as  a  military  body, 
the  men  of  Ireland  are  acquiring  the  power 
to  obtain  the  freedom  of  the  Irish  Nation." 

"  It  is  the  duty  of  every  Irishman  who  de- 
sires for  his 'country  her  natural  right  of  free- 
dom and  for  himself  the  natural  right  of  a 
freeman,   to  be  an  Irish  Volunteer." 

This  demonstration  in  the  centre  of  DubHn 
on  St.  Patrick's  Day  was  the  first  time  the 
Irish  Volunteers  had  taken  aggressive  action 
in  daylight,  but  on  several  occasions  pre- 
viously they  had  conducted  night  manoeuvres 
and  practised  street  fighting  in  open  spaces, 
generally  between  Saturday  night  and  Sunday 
morning,  and  one  night  their  operations  con- 
sisted of  manoeuvring  around  the  entrances  to 
Dublin  Castle.  The  police  on  each  occasion 
were  eye-witnesses  of  the  operations,  but  did 
not  interfere  with  the  movement  of  the  Volun- 
teers. 

THE     AF?RAY     AT     TULLAMORE. 

While  the  proceedings  in  Dublin  on  St. 
Patrick's  Day  were  still  a  matter  of  public 
comment,  a  new  development  occurred  at 
Tullamore  on  Monday  evening,  20th  March. 
Ill-feeling  which  had  been  smouldering  in 
the  town  for  some  time  against  the  Sinn  Fein 
Volunteers  was  m-nifested  at  a  hurling  match 
in  aid  of  the  Wolfe  Tone  memorial  on  Sunday, 
19th  March,  when  a  spectator  attempted  to 
remove  a  flag  from  one  of  the  Sinn  Feiners, 
who,  it  was  alleged,  retaliated  by  drawing  a 
revolver.  The  feeling  was  accentuated  the 
following  morning,  Monday,  20th,  at  Tulla- 
more Railway  Station,  where  a  number  of 
women  were  taking  leave  of  their  husbands, 
who  are  serving  in  the  Leiiwter  Regiment. 
A    body    of   Sinu    Fein    Volunteers    who    aj>- 


peared  on   the  platform    were   then   the  object  filthy    epithets   at    him,   and    one    man    spat    at 

of  n    hostile    demonstration.       These   incidents  bjm   through    the   window.      Other  soldiers,    he 

culminated    in   a    shooting   affray    in    the    Sinn  added,  were  jostled  and  insulted  by  the  crowd: 
Fein  Hall  in  William  street  the  same  evening. 

A  number  of  children  carrying  a  Union  Jack  _  _,  ,  "'f0?6  °F  *RMf\,  „  .  . 
eang  6nn2s  in  front  of  the  hall;  the  crowd  On  Sunday,  9th  April,  the  DM. P.  seized  a, 
soon  swelled,  and  amid  boohin-  and  cheering  motor  car  in  College  Green,  and  found  it  eon- 
stone-throwing  began,  and  the  windows  of  tamed  a  quantity  of  snot  guns,  revolvers, 
the  hall  were  smashed.  The  volunteers  in-  bayonets,  and  ammunition,  which  wrs  being 
side  retaliated  bv  firmer  revolvers,  and  a  large  conveyed  to  Wexford.  I  wo  men  in  the  car, 
force  of  police  proceeded  to  eeauh  the  hall  '*  ho  were  identified  as  Sum  rem  Volunteers 
for  arms.  A  general  melee  then  took  place,  from  terns,  were  afterwards  sentenced  to 
revolvers  were  fired  at  the  police,  an  J  several  three  months  imprisonment. 
of  them  injured.  Ultimately  several  men  were  The  same  day  a  parade  of  the  Sinn  Fein 
arrested  and  charged  next  morning  with  hav-  Volunteers  'tool*  place  through  the  streets  of 
incr  fired  at  an i  attacked  with  intent  to  Dublin  'y  way  of  protest  against  the  deporta- 
murder  County  Inspector  Crane,  District  In-  tion  to  England  of  two  organisers,  Ernest 
spector  Fitzgerald,  Head  Constable  Stuart  Blv,  .e  and  William  MeHowes.  About  1.3G0 
and  Sergeant  Ahem.  Subsequently  another  took  part  in  the  proceedings.  When  the  pro- 
batch  of  volunteers  were  arrested,  and  remands  cession  was  passing  through  St.  Steuben's 
were  granted  several  times,  as  Sergeant  Green  a  tram  driver  attempted  to  take  his 
Ahem  was  unable  to  appear,  he  having  been  vehicle  through  between  two  companies,  and 
seriously  injured  and  conveyed  to  Steevens'  sounded  his  gong  by  way  of  warning  A  cyclist 
Hospital,  Dublin.  The  case  of  these  pri-  in  Volunteer  uniform  placed  iiis  machine  io 
soners  is  dealt  with  in  the  portion  of  this  book  front,  of  the  trfim,  placed  his  hand  upon  h  s 
recording  the  Courts-martial.  revolver,    and    dared    the    driver    to    proceed. 

The  tram  man  at  once  stopped  until  the  whole 

THE    MANSION    HOUSE    MEETING.        .  precision    had     passed. 

On  Thursdav,  30tn  March,  at  the  Mansion  r  ^ 
House,  Dublin!  a  largely-attended  meeting  was  MR  JUSTICE  KENNY'S  REMARKS. 
held,  under  the  presidency  of  Alderman  Corri-  On  the  following  Tuesday,  Anril  11th, 
gan,  for  the  purpose  of  protesting  against  _a  '  Mr.  Justice  Kenny,  in  opening  t' e  pro- 
recent  order  for  the  deportation  of  certain  ceedings  of  the  Commission  for  the  City  of 
organisers  of  the  Irish  Volunteers.  The  prin-  Dublin,  referred  to  a  propaganda  in  the  city 
oipal  speakers  were  Mr.  John  M'Neill,  Presi-  of  an  openly  seditions  character  which  set  ail 
dent  of  the  Irish  Volunteers,  and  two  Roman  authority  at  defiance,  and  seemed  to  be 
Catholic  clergymen.  The  speeches  were  of  a  started  in  order  to  counteract  the  recruiting 
strong  character,  and  during  the  proceedings"  movement.  They  had,  he  said,  read  uf  the 
a  collection  was  made  amongst  the  audience  poh.e,  in  the  execution  of  their  duty,  being 
for  the  defence  of  the  organisers.  The  fol-  met  and  repulsed  by  men  armed  with  rifle  and 
lowinfr  resolution  was  adopted  unanimously  : —  bayonet,  and  of  street  disturbance  in  which 
"This  public  meeting  of  Dublin  citizens  in  the  firearms  appeared  to  be  freely  used.  What 
Mansion  House.  Dublin,  asks  all  Irish  people  he  regarded  as  the  most  serious  attempt  to 
to  join  iir  opposing  the  Government's  attempt,  paralyse  recruiting  was  the  display  of  largo 
unanimously  condemned  bv  national  opinion  posters,  such  as,  "England's  Last  Ditch" 
last  vear,  and  now  renewed;  Io  send  Irishmen  and  "The  Pretence  of  the  Realm  Act,"  which 
into    banishment   from    Ireland."  must  necessarily  have  a  most  mischievous  and 

After  the  meeting,  a  number  of  persons  who  deterrent  influence  on  certain  classes  of  the 
had  attended  it  marched  through  the  streets,  population.  He  called  attention  to  it  because 
and  revolver  shots  were  fired  in  Grafton  street,  continuance  of  that  state  of  tilings  must  have 
and  opposite  the  Provost's  house  at  Trinity  a  tendency  to  create  incalculable  mischief. 
College.  One  of  the  revolver  shots  pierced  a  In  the  House  of  Commons  tho  same  day, 
pocket  in  the  overcoat  of  Inspector  C  irretb,  Mr.  Augustine  Birrell,  Chief  Secretary,  reply- 
D.Al.P.  A  young  man  who  was  arrested  and  ing  to  Major  Newman,  said  that  it  would  be 
charged  with  being  a  member  of  a  disorderly  contrary  to  public  interest  to  disclose  t lie 
crowd  and  breaking  a  lamp  in  a  motor  car,  information  in  possession  of  the  Irish  Govern- 
was  fined  5s.  and  5s.  costs,  and  ordered  to  ment  concerning  the  Irish  Volunteers,  or  the 
find  £1  bail,  the  alternative  being  seven  days  C0Urse  of  action  proposed  to  he  followed  in 
in  prison.  The  following  night,  March  31st  dealing  with  them.  The  activities  of  this 
a  public  meeting  at  Bere'sford  [dace,  presided  organisation,  however,  were  receiving  tho 
over  by  Alderman  T.  Kelly,  endorsed  the  dosest  attention. 
resolution  passed  at  the  Mansion  House  meet- 
ing the  previous  night.      In   view  of  subsequent  A    BOGUS    SECRET    ORDER. 

it     i        orthv    of    note    here    that    Mr.  A    meeting    of    the    Dnl.lln    Corporation    on 

Kheeby  Skeffingtoii  was  .me  of  the  speakers  at  Wednesday,     19th    April,    afforded    the    next 

the   Beresford   place  meeting.  Sinn    Fein   sensation.      During  a  discussion  of 

WOUNDED   IRISH    FUSIL. ER    SPAT    UPON.  th?    police    rate    Alderman    T     Kelly    read    the 

An  lush  Fusilier,  who  had  ben  wounded  at  following,  document,     "hich,     he    paid      had 

Suvla  Bay.  wrote  to  the  I ruh   Times  on  31st  been   furnished  by  Mr.  Little,  editor  of  New 

March,     that    while    driving     in    a    cab    along  Ireland: 

Gialton  street  the  previous  night  some  of  the  "The    following    precautionary    measures 

men   from  the   Mausiou   House  meeting    hurled  have    been   sanctioned    by    tho  Irish   Olliie   oa 


the    reci.  m  :nei  dat  on    of    the    General    Officer 
Commanding  the   Forces  in   Ireland.      All  pre- 
parations: will   be  made  to  put  these  measures 
ii    force   immediately   on   receipt  of   an   Order 
issued   from  the  Chief  Secretary's  Office,  Dub- 
lin Castle,  and  signed  by  the  Under  Secretary 
and      the     General    Officer    Commanding    the 
Forces  in    Ireland.        First,   the  following  per- 
sons to  be  placed  under  arrest: — All  members 
of  the  Sinn  Fein  National  Council,  the  Central 
Exf.-ntive   Irish   Sinn    Fein    Volunteers,    Gene- 
ral   Council    Irish       Sinn       Fein       Volunteers, 
(  oiinty     Board     Irish    Sinn     Fein    Volunteers, 
Executive  Committee       National     Volunteers, 
Coisde   Gnota  Committee   Gaelic    League.   See 
list    A    3   and  4   and    supplementary    list    A    2. 
Metropolitan    Police   and   Royal    Irish 
Constabulary    forces    in    Dublin    Citv    will    be 
confined    to    barracks    under    the    direction    of 
the      Competent      Military      Authority.       An 
order   will    be   issued   to  inhabitants  of  city   to 
remain   in   their  houses  until   such  tim  3  as  the 
Competent   Military  Authority  may  otherwise 
direct   or   permit.      Pickets   chosen    from   units 
of    Territorial    Forces    will    be    placed    at    all 
points    marked    on    Maps   3    and    4.        Accom- 
panying   mounted     patrols     will    continuously 
visit   all    points   and    report   e\ery    hour.      The 
following   premises   will    be   occupied    by   ade- 
quate forces,  and  all  necessary  measures  used 
without      need    of    reference   to   Headquarters. 
First,     premises     known       as       Liberty      Hall, 
Beresford   place;   No.    6   Harcourt  street,   Sinn 
Fein    Building;    No.   2   Dawson    street,    Head- 
quarters   Volunteers ;    No.    12    D'Olier   street, 
"Nationality"  office;  No.  25  Rutland  square, 
Gaelic  League  Office  ;  No.  41  Rutland  square, 
Foresters'     Hall;    Sinn     Fein     Volunteer    pre- 
mises in   city  ;     all   National     Volunteer     -"re- 
mises in  the  city  ;  Trades  Council     Premises, 
Capel  street:   S.nrrev     House.     Lei^ster  road, 
Rathmines.     THE   FOLLOWING   PREMISES 
WILL  BE   ISOLATED,  AND  AIL  COMMU= 
NIC  » Tiro,  \  TO  AR  FROM   PREVENTED:— 
PREMISES    KNOWN    AS    ARCHBISHOP'S 
HOUSE,         DRL'MCONDRV;         MANSION 
HOUSE,    DAWSON    STREET;    No.    40    Her- 
bert  Park;   Larkfield,   Rim  mage  road;   Wood- 
trwn  Park,  Bnllvbodcn  ;  Saint  Enda's  College, 
Hermitage.    Rathfarnham  :      and    in      addition 
premises  in   list  5  D,  see  Maps  3  and  4." 

Alderman  Kelly  said  he  took  the  responsi- 
bility of  reading  the  document  in  discharge 
of  his  public  duty.  If  they  wanted  this  class 
of  thing,  of  course  there  was  no  help  for  it, 
but  he  and  those  associated  with  him  would 
do  everything  they  could  to  see  that  discre- 
tion and   moderation  would  remain. 

"AN     ABSOLUTE    FABRICATION." 

The  military  authorities  in  Dublin  the  same 
night  stated  that  the  foregoing  document  read 
by  Alderman  Kelly  at  the  Corporation  meeting 
was  "an  absolute  fabrication  from  beginning 
to  end,  and  does  not  contain  a  word  of 
truth." 


munition  and  three  mysterious  strangers  had 
come  ashore  in  that  district,  and  that  the 
Sinn  Fein  Volunteers  had  been  specially 
mobilised  the  previous  evening.  Two  arrests, 
which  caused  a  considerable  sensation  in  the 
town,  were  made  the  same  night.  News  was 
also  received  from  Tralee  of  a  mysterious 
motor  car  which  had  taken  a  wrong 'turning, 
and  dashed  over  Bailykissane  quay  into  the 
River  Laune.  The  chauffeur  escaped,  but  three 
passengers  in  the  car  were  drowned.  The 
bodies  of  two  of  the  passengers  were  recovered 
on  Saturday  evening,  22nd  April,  and  on  them 
was  found  revolvers  and  ammunition  and  Sinn 
Fein  badges.  These  events  were  associated 
in  the  public  mind  with  the  following  an- 
nouncement, which  was  made  by  the  Press 
Bureau  but  not  until  Monday  evening,  24th 
April,  at  10.25  p.m.  :— 

CAPTURE    OF    SIR     ROGER    CASEMENT. 

The  Secretary  of  the  Admiralty  announces— 
During  the  period  between  p.m.  April 
20  and  p.m.  April  21  an  attempt  to  land 
arms  and  ammunition  in  Ireland  was 
made  by  a  vessel  under  the  guise  of  a 
neutral  merchant  ship,  but  in  reality  a 
German  auxiliary,  in  conjunction  with  a 
German  submarine.  The  auxiliary  sank, 
and  a  number  of  prisoners  were  made, 
amongst  whom  was  Sir  Roger  Casement. 

MANOEUVRES  CANCELLED. 

It  was  known  that  the  Sinn  Fein  VoLmteers 
■were  to  hold  Easter  manoeuvres,  which  were 
to  be  taken  part  in  by  all  the  branches  of  the 
organisation  in  Ireland.  These  were  unex- 
pectedly cancelled  in  the  following  announce- 
ment signed  by  Mr.  Eoin  MacNeill  on  Satur- 
day night,  22nd  April,  and  published  in  the 
Sunday  papers  the  following  morning  : — 

"Owing  to  the  very  critical  position,  all 
orders  given  to  Irish  Volunteers  for  to-morrow 
Easter  Sunday,  are  hereby  rescinded,  and  no" 
parades,  marches,  or  other  movements  of 
Irish  Volunteers  will  take  place.  Each  in- 
dividual Vounteer  will  obey  this  oider  strictly 
in  every  particular." 

With  this  announcement  Mr.  MacNeill 
ceased  to  take  any  public  part  h.  v.ie  pro- 
ceedings of  the  Volunteers. 


GERMAN  ATTEMPT  TO  LAND  ARMS, 
On    Saturday   22nd    April,    it    was    reported 
irom  Tralee  that  a  collapsible  boat  with  am- 


THE   STORM  BREAKS. 

On  Easter  Monday,  24th  April,  1916,  at 
noon,  the  storm  burst  in  Dublin,  and  for'  the 
following  six  days  the  city  and  the  suburbs 
were  the  scene  of  grave  loss  of  liTe  and  de- 
struction of  property.  The  Irish  (or  Sinn 
Fein)  Volunteers  organised  the  revolution 
and  with  the  Citizen  Army,  Hibernian  Rifles, 
and  other  bodies  carried  it  out.  The  object 
of  the  movement,  as  stated  in  a  proclamation 
(printed  in  full  on  page  1),  issued  on  the  day 
•of  the  outbreak,  was  to  "proclaim  an  Irish 
Republic  as  a  Sovereign  Independent  State  " 

Preparations  for  the  insurrection  had  been 
active  for  months  previously  ;  large  quantities  of 
arms  and  ammunition  wore  known  to  have  ar- 
rived  in    Dublin,   and   an    unusual  activity    in 


6 


the  way  of  "bluffing"  'the  police  had  been 
going  on.  "Let  sleeping  dogs  lie,"  was  the 
policy  of  the  Executive  authority,  and  no 
visible  effort  was  made  to  deal  with  the 
situation  that  was  developing  in  the  city. 
Then  came  Easter  Monday,  when  the  minds 
of  most  people  were  directed  to  holiday-mak- 
ing. No  one  took  more  than  a  passing  in- 
terest in  the  Sinn  Fein  Volunteers  as  they 
passed  along  the  streets  in  twos  and  threes  to 
their  appointed  positions.  Twelve  o'clock  in 
the  day  was  the  hour  fixed  for  the  beginning 
of  the  operations,  and  at  that  time  or  shortly 
afterwards  bodies  of  armed  Sinn  Feiners 
quietly  entered  the  buildings  to  which  they 
bad  been  assigned,  turned  out  the  occupants, 
and  took  possession.  Anyone  who  resisted 
was  promptly  shot.  In  this  way  the  principal 
buildings  in  the  city  were  captured,  and  the 
rebels  at  once  set  about  erecting  barricades, 
and  taking  precautions  against  attack. 
THE    CENTRAL     FORTRESS. 

The  General  Post  Office  in  Sackville  street 
proved  to  be  the  central  fortress  of  the 
rebels  It  was  here  that  P.  H.  Pearse,  the 
"  Commandant-in-Chief  of  the  Army  of  the 
Republic  and  President  of  the  Provisional 
Government."  made  his  headquarters  and 
issued  his  orders.  All  corner  houses  com- 
manding the  approaches  were  garrisoned  with 
snipers,  who  were  hidden  behind  sandbags. 
Kelly's  ammunition  shop  at  the  corner  of 
Bachelor's  Walk,  and  Hopkins's  jewellery  shop 
at  the  comer  of  Eden  quay,  were  held  in  this 
way  in  great  strength.  Other  houses  on  each 
fide  of  I  ewer  Sackville  street,  and  particularly 
those  at  the  four  corners  of  Abbev  street,  were 
garrisoned  in  like  manner,  and  then  the  work 
of  provisioning  the  various  garrisons  having 
the  Post  Office  as  their  centie  was  activelv 
proceeded  with,  every  variety  of  foodstuffs 
being  commandeered  at  the  point  of  the 
bayonet.  \'l  the  telegraphic  wires  were  cut, 
thus  i^oiai mht  the  city  from  the  rest  of  the 
country.  The  failure  of  the  Vohmteers  to 
He:?e  t lie  Telephone  Exchange  ;r>  Crown  Allev 
proved  a  "rest  advantage  to  the  military  in 
dealing   with   the   insurgents. 

I'he  ni'iicef" In  2-  at  St.  Stephen's  Oreen  Park 
vas  somewhat  similar.  .At  middav  small 
groups  of  Sinn  Fein  Vn]  nnteers  were  standing 
about  the  entrance  gates,  and  at  a  given 
signal  they  quietly  walked  inside,  closed  the 
gates,  posted  armed  guards  at  them,  and  then 
get  about  clearing  all  civilians  out  of  the  Park. 
In  half  an  hour  the  Park  was  cleared  of  non- 
combatants.  The  next  move  of  the  rebels 
was  to  take  possession  of  a  number  of  houses 
commanding  the  approaches,  and  amongst  the 
olaces  occupied  were  the  Royal  College  of 
Burgeons  at  the  corner  of  York  street,  and 
Little's  publicbonse  at  the  corner  of  Cuffe 
street.  The  houses  at  other  points  were  not 
so  advantageously  situated,  but  numerous 
snipers  were  placed  in  them. 

ATTEMPT    ON    DUBLIN    CASTLE. 

Dublin  Castle,  the  headquarters  of  the  Irish 
Executive,  was  attai  ked  by  a  handful  of 
Volunteers,  and  had  any  force  of  Sinn  Feiners 
joined  in  the  attack  they  would  almost  cer- 
tainly   have    captured    the    Castle,    as    Ultra 


were  only  a  few  soldiers  on  duty.  A  policeman 
on  duty  at  the  Upper  Castle  Yard  was  shot  in 
cold  blood,  but  the  few  soldiers  came  to  the 
rescue  and  the  invaders  were  driven  off.  Oth-^r 
bodies  of  rebels  succeeded  in  taking  possession 
of  buildings  overlooking  the  approaches  to  *he 
Upper  Castle  Yard.  In  this  way  the  offices  cl 
the  Daily  Express  and  Evening  Mail  were 
entered,  and  the  staff  were  turned  out  at  tha 
point  of  the  bayonet.  The  Citv  Hall,  the 
rear  of  which  commands  the  offices  of  the 
Chief  Secretary's  Department,  the  Prisons 
Board,  and  other  Government  offices,  was  also 
filled  with  snipers. 

Simultaneously  with  these  incidents, 
attempts  were  made  to  occupy  the  railway 
termini  in  the  city.  Westland  row  Station 
and  Harcourt  street  Station  were  early  in 
the  possession  of.  the  rebels,  and  the 
rails  on  the  Kingstown  line  were 
torn  up  at  Lansdowme  road.  The  Har- 
court street  Station  was  found  unsuitaole 
for  defence,  and  was  abandoned  at  tnree 
o'clock  in  the  afternoon.  Abortive  attempts 
were  made  to  secure  Amiens  street  Terminus, 
Kingsbrid'ge  Terminus,  and  Broadstone 
Terminus.  Where  they  did  not  succeed 
in  occupying  the  stations  the  rebels  ei'-'ier 
attempted  to  blow  up  railway  bridges  or  cut 
the  lines,  and  nearly  all  the  train  communica- 
tion with  the  city  was  stopped  for  a  week. 
WATCHING    THE    MILITARY. 

All  the  points  in  the  city  which  were 
considered  of  strategical  importance  Laving 
been  occupied  by  the  rebels,  their  plans  vne 
further  developed  by  the  taking  possession 
of  positions  controlling  the  approaches  fiom 
military  barracks.  The  Four  Courts  v  c  re 
early  in  their  hands,  and  men  were  rested 
all  over  the  building  to  attack  troops  wh.ch 
might  approach  along  the  quays  from  the 
direction  of  the  I'hcenix  Park.  The  Four 
Courts  Hotel,  which  adjoins  the  Courts, 
was  garrisoned.  On  the  bridges  over  tbe  rail- 
way on  the  North  Circular  road  and  Cabra 
road  strong  barricades  were  erected.  Liberty 
Hall  was  strongly  held  by  the  rebels,  but  the 
Custom  House  was  left  unmolested.  Across  the 
liver-,  on  the  south  side,  Bolnnd's  Mill  was 
fortified  in  every  possible  manner,  and  con- 
stituted a  stronghold  of  great  strategical 
impoitance.  Round  by  Northumberland 
road.  Pembroke  road,  and  Lansdovvne  road 
private  houses  were  occupied  and  garrisoned 
to  lesist  the  approach  of  reinforcements  for 
the  military  from  the  Kingstown  direction. 

Portobello  Bridge,  which  commands  the 
approach  to  the  city  from  the  military 
barracks  at  that  place,  was  the  scene  of  a 
short,  but  severe  fight,  shortly  after  midday 
on  Monday.  The  rebels  had  taken  possession  of 
Davy's  puHichouse,  which  is  close  to  the 
bridge  and  faces  the  barracks.  Their  presence 
was  disclosed  at  an  early  stage  by  an  attempt 
to  capture  an  officer  who  happened  to  be 
passing  over  the  bridge.  He  fortunately 
escaped  and  gave  the  alarm.  A  small  num- 
ber of  soldiers  was  turned  out  at  once,  but 
was  unable  to  dislodge  the  rebels. 
Strong  reinforcements  were  sent  out,  and 
after    a    short    and    sharp    fight    the   publio- 


h 


ouse  was  carried,  and  the  military  remained 
in  possession  afterwards. 

A  WORKHOUSE  AS  FORT. 
At  more  remote  places  in  the  Southern 
suburbs  rebels  had  taken  up  positions  of 
defence,  but  strong  cavalry  patrols  hunted 
them  from  point  to  point,  and  finally  dis- 
persed them,  though  not  until  many  of  the 
soldiers  had  been  wounded.  The  South 
Dublin  Union  in  James's  street  and  a  dis- 
tillery in  Marrowbone  lane  were  two  other 
|strong  points  in  the  Sinn  Fein  plan.  The 
iworkhouse  was  attacked  by  the  military  on 
Monday,  and  after  a  stiff  fight,  during  which 
many  casualties  occurred  on  both  sides,  the 
[remnant  of  the  rebel  garrison  was  driven 
[into  one  part  of  the  premises,  where  they 
maintained  their  struggle  until  Sunday. 
I    Jacob's       Biscuit       Factory        in        Bishop 


street,        though        it       does        rot       occunv 

i  strategical  position  of  any  importance,  waa 

filled    with    foodstuffs   of   various   ^ascriptions, 

and   probably   in    this   respect   it   was  deemed 

necessary  to  instal  in  it  a  large  garrison,  so 

as    to    make   certain    that    supplies    would    be 

ivailable   for  the   rebels   ii    other    places.     If 

this   was   the  idea   it  never  had    the  slightest 

glance  of   succeeding,    as   the      lactory  .    was 

:arly   in   the   week  surrounded   by   a  military 

ordon. 

The    foregoing   are    outlines    of  the    position 

m        the        evening        of        the        first        dav 

>f      the     rebellion.        Several      instances      of 

ion  combatants    being    shot    by    Sinn    Feiners 

,ook     place     during      the      day      in      various 

jarts    of    the    city.       The   most   shocking    was 

he  shooting  down  cf  several  members  of  the 

Veterans     Corps    on    Haddington    road.        A 

arge   muster  of   this  corps   had    gone  out  on 

i  route  march    to   Ticknock,    and    when   they 

vere    returning    in     the    afternoon    to    their 

ipadquarters    at    Beggar's      Bush      Barracka 

hey   were   ambushed   in   Haddington   road  by 

t  bodv   of   Sinn    Feiners.    who    poured    volleys 

if  rifle  shots  into  the  ranks  of  the  defenceless 

Veterans.       Five     were     fatally,     and     many 

rthers   seriously,    wounded.     The   rest   of   the 

Veterans    got   to   their    barracks,    where   they 

lad  to  remain   until  the  following  week. 

LOOTING. 

On    learning   that    several   of    his    men    had 

>een   shot    by   the   rebels,    the   Chief  Commis- 

ioner   of    the    Dublin      Metropolitan       Police 

irdered   the    withdrawal    from    the   streets    of 

he  entire  uniformed  force  within  an  hour  or 

wo    of   the    outbreak.        The    "  underworld " 

>f    the    city    quickly    realised    their    oppor- 

unity,     and     first     tackled      the     shops     in 

jower    Sackville    street.      The  windows  were 

mashed,     and     hordes     of     people     crowded 

nto    the    shops,    returning    with    bundles    of 

vearing   apparel    of    all    descriptions.      Nob- 

ett's,    at    the    corner    of    Earl    street,     and 

jemon's,    in     Lower     Sackville    street,     were 

it-l'js  for  the  younger  section  of  the  roughs, 

vho  made   merry    with   boxes  of      chcolates, 

weets,  etc.,  all  the  afternoon.     The'"  *    hers 

vcre  also  centres  of  great  activity,  then 

laving  exhausted  Lower  Sackville   ;.  .oi   the 


crowd  swept  round  into  Earl  street  and  Henry 
street,  where  they  found  an  abundance  and 
variety  that  suited  every  taste.  Boys  and 
girls  were  swaggering  about,  dressed  in  the 
most  fantastic  apparel,  and  all  had  their  arms 
full  of  mechanical  and  other  toys,  hockey  and 
golf  sticks,  and  all  kinds  of  articles  used  ia 
popular  pastimes. 

MILITARY    REINFORCEMENTS. 

All  through  Monday  night  the  military 
were  hastily  summoning  reinforcements  from 
the  Curraga,  Belfast,  and  England,  end  on 
Tuesday,  April  25,  these  forces  began  to 
arrive  in  the  city.  Almost  in  every  ir.stance 
the  soldiers  could  only  be  conveyed  ro  witim 
five  or  six  miles  of  Dublin  owing  fo  the  in- 
terruption of  the  railway  communications,  and 
the  men  had  a  long  and  exhausting  march, 
carrying  their  full  equipment,  before  they 
arrived  at  the  barracks  to  which  they  had 
been  posted.  On  the  way  they  were  sniped 
at  by  Sinn  Feiners,  and  had  to  be  continually 
on  the  alert  to  repel  attack. 

Meanwhile  the  available  forces  of  the  Crown 
had  been  engaged  all  Tuesday  morning  in 
conflict  with  the  entrenched  rebels,  and  many 
fiercely-contested  engagements  took  place.  At 
daybreak  troops  were  posted  in  houses  over- 
looking St.  Stephen's  Green  Park,  and  a  rak- 
ing fire  was  sprayed  from  machine  guns  all 
over  the  Park,  while  soldiers  picked  off  every 
rebel  who  showed  himself.  They  still,  how- 
ever, managed  to  hold  the  Park 
in  much  reduced  numbers.  Another 
body  of  troops  surrounded  Cork  Hill, 
and  a  fierce  struggle  took  place  for  the 
possession  of  the'  Daihi  Express  building. 
Artillery  was  brought  ink,  play,  and  prepared 
the  way  for  a  charge.  This  was  carried  out 
in  crallant  style  by  a  detachment  of  the  5th 
Royal  Dublin  Fusiliers,  under  Second  Lieu- 
tenant F.  O'Neill,  a  terrible  fight  taking  plape 
on  the  only  staircase  leading  to  the  upper 
rooms.  Many  casualties  took  place  at  (his 
stage.  The  military  ultimately  carried  the 
position,  and  either  killed  or  captured  the 
garrison. 

ARTILLERY  AT  WORK. 
Later  on  iues>uay  the  positions  occupied 
near  Phibsborougn  were  attacked.  The  barri- 
cades erected  at  the  railway  bridges  on  the 
North  Circular  and  Cabra  ro;.ds  were 
destroyed  by  gun  fire,  about  forty  casualties 
being  reported  and  one  hundred  prisoners  se- 
cured. These  operations  resulted  in  the 
whole  of  the  North  Circular  road  being  in  the 
hands  of  the  military  ;  the  Sinn  Feiners  who 
escaped  it  ran  for  shelter  in  the  direction 
of  Glasnevin  Cemetery.  The  military  net  was 
then  drawn  closer  on  the  city  from  the  North 
side,  but  no  attempt  was  r  ade  that  day  to 
attack  the  rebels  in  their  central  "fortresses." 
More  looting  took  place  in  the  streets  in 
the  vicinity  of  Nelson's  Pillar.  Messrs.  Law- 
rence's large  photographic  and  toy  emporium 
in  Upper  Sackville  street  was  one  of  the  prin- 
cipal places  cleared.  The  crowd  of  looters 
had  matters  all  their  own  way  for  hours, 
and   revelled    in   the   destruction   of   the    pro* 


10 


perty.  Some  exciting  scenes  were  -witnessed 
when  the  fireworks  were  brought  out  and  ex- 
ploded. Rockets  ru«hed  up  in  the  air  and 
burst  with  a  sound  like  a  cannon,  and  all  the 
smaller  sorts  of  fireworks  were  thrown  whiz- 
zing about  amongst  the  crowd.  Finally  the 
premises  were  set  on  fire  and  burned  to  iae 
ground. 

MARTIAL  LAW  PROCLAIMED. 
Martial  Law  was  proclaimed  in  Dublin  City 
and  County  on  Tuesday  night,  25th  April. 
On  Wednesday,  26th,  the  position  of 
affairs  was  worse  than  before.  The  Sinn 
Feiners  had  been  driven  to  the  wall,  and  were 
fighting  witli  desperation.  More  troops,  with 
artillery,  were  continually  arriving  in  the  city, 
and  after  a  short  rest  they  were  brought  into' 
action,  but  they  had  to  fight  for  every  foot  of 
ground  they  gained.  For  the  most  part  it  was 
an  unseen  foe  with  whom  they  had  to  contend. 
At  eight  o'clock  on  Wednesday  morning  the 
Admiralty  steamer  Helga  came  up  the  Liffey, 
and  bombarded  Liberty  Hall,  the  headquarters 
of  the  Citizen  Army.  Owing  to  the  Loop 
Line  Bridge  intervening  between  the  ship  and 
Liberty  Hall  direct  firing  could  not  be 
brought  to  bear  upon  the  building.  The  ship's 
gunners,  however,  dropped  shells  on  the  hall, 
the  roof  and  interior  of  which  were  destroyed 
by  bursting  shells,  but  the  outer  shell  of  the 
house  was  not  much  injured  by  fire.  Tho 
garrison  escaped  before  the  bombardment  com- 
menced. Artillery  brought  from  Trinity 
College  into  Tara  street  also  shelled  Liberty 
Hall. 

By  the  afternoon  of  Wednesday  the  military 
were  in  possession  of  Brunswick  street,  and 
nil  the  district  between  that  thoroughfare  and 
the  river  and  right  up  to  D'Oiier  street.  Sen- 
tries were  placed  at  the  entrance  of  a  lane 
leading  from  D'Oiier  street  to  the  Theatre 
Royal.  The  soldier.--  had  not  bee)1,  long  there 
befure  one  of  the  snipers  in  Kelly's  shop  at 
the  corner  of  Bachelor's  Walk  shot  one  of 
them  dead.  The  military  then  brought  a  nine- 
pounder  ffiw  into  position  at  Trinity  College, 
fanner  D'Oiier  street.  and  bombarded 
Kelly's  comer.  The  appearance  of  artillery 
and  the  bombardment  greatly  alarmed  the 
people  who  reside  in  the  immediate  vicinity. 
Kelly's  shop  was  riddled  with  shot,  and  the 
garrison  had  to  evacuate  the  position.  One 
peculiar  effect  of  the  gunfire  was  noticed 
afterwards.  A  shell  struck  an  electric  light 
standard  at  the  corner,  and  bored  a  hole  clean 
through  the  metal  without  bringing  down 
flie  standard.  Looting  continued  in  the  back 
streets  all  Wednesday,  and  in  the  evening 
Eeveral  houses  were  set  on   fire. 

THE  GREAT  CONFLAGRATION. 
Bad  as  the  previous  day  had  been,  the 
crisis  reached  its  climax  on  Thursday  and 
Friday.  Artillery  was  brought  into  play  at 
every  point,  and  the  air  reverberated  with 
nerve-wracking  explosives.  All  day  long  the 
bombardment  continued  unceasingly,  and  each 
night  the  centre  of  the  city  was  illuminated 
with  great,  conflagrations.  The  Hotel  Metro- 
pole  and  all  that  block  of  buildings  for  a  long 
distance    into    Middle    .  Abbey      street      were 


burned  down,  including  the  Freeman's  Jour- 
nal a  d  Evening  Telegraph  offices,  Messrs. 
Easons,  Messrs.  Manfields,  and  Messrs.  Thorn's 
printing  establishment.  Then  the  General 
Post  0ffic3  was  given  to  the  flames,  and  was 
destroyed — only  the  bare  walls  of  this  fine 
building  remain.  This  particular  fire  ex- 
tended down  Henry  street  as  far  as  the  Urge 
warehouse  of  Messrs.  Arnott  and  Co.,  which 
remained  intact,  but  was  flooded  with  water. 
The   Coliseum   Theatre    was   also   destroyed. 

On  the  opposite  side  of  Sackville  street  all 
the  shops  were  burned  down  from  Hop- 
kins's corner  at  O'Connell  Bridge  right  up  to 
the  Tramway  Company's  offices  at  Cathedral 
street.  The  fire  extended  backwards,  and  en- 
veloped and  destroyed  almost  all  the  houses 
between  Eden  quay  and  Lower  Abbey  street, 
down  to  Marlborough  street.  These  included 
the  premises  of  the  Royal  Hbernian  Aca-> 
demy,  with  its  valuable  collection  of  pictures, 
and  the  offices  of  the  Irish  Cyclist,  while  en 
the  opposite  side  of  Lower  Abbpy  street  the 
branch  of  the  Hibernian  Bank,  Mooney'g 
publichouse,  "the  Ship"  publichouse,  and  Union 
Chapel  were  consumed  in  the  flames.  Round 
in  Sackville  street  the  scarred  skeletons  of 
the  D.B.C.  restaurant  and  Clery's  Warehouse 
remained  like  sentinels  in  the  midst  of  a  scene 
of  desolation  that  beggars  description.  The 
only  bit  of  Lower  Sackville  street  left  is  the 
block  of  shops  from  EIv«ry's  Elephant  House 
to  O'Connell  Bridge  on  the  right-hand  side 
looking  from  the  Piltar.  The  two  corner 
houses  on  this  block,  however,  Were  seriously 
damaged,  the  one  bv  artillery  and  the  other 
(occupied  bv  the  Y.M.C-A.  as  a  soldiers' 
supper  room),  by.  fire. 

The  whole  of  Sackville  street,  from  the 
Pillnr  to  O'Connell  Bridge,  was  thickly  strewn 
with  debri*. 

The  world  famous  O'Connell  Statue  is  but 
litt'e  iniured.  Several  of  the  figures  have  been 
pitted  with  bullets,  and  the  figure  of  the 
Liberator  served  as  a  billet  for  many  bullets, 
one  of  them  drilling  a  hole  just  over  the  right 

side.  — ■ — - 

COLUPSE  «F  TUP  REBELLION. 
On  Saturday  29th  April,  P.  H.  Pearse.  of 
St.  Enda's  College,  Rathfarnham.  one  of  the 
leaders  of  the  rebels,  who  had  been  described 
as  the  'President"  of  'he  Irish  Republic, 
surrendered  on  their  behalf  to  General  Lowe 
at  the  Headquarters  of  the  Military  Command 
at  Parkgate. 

UNCONDITIONAL    SURRENDER. 
The   following  is  a  copy  of  the  document 
signed  by  Pearse  : — 

In  order  to  prevent  further  slaughter 
of  unarmed  people  and  in  the  hope  of 
saving  the  lives  of  our  followers,  now  sur- 
rounded and  hopelessly  outnumbered, 
members  of  the  Provisional  Government 
at  present  at  headquarters  have  agreed 
to  unconditional  surrender,  and  the  com- 
manders of  all  units  of  the  republican 
forces  will  order  their  followers  to  lay 
down  their  arms. 

(Signed)  P.  H.  Pkarsb. 

29th  day  of  April,  1916.      ... 


n 


I  agree  to  these  conditions  for  the  men 
orilv    under    my    own      command      in    the 
Moore  street  district,   and   for  the  men  in 
the   Stephen's   Green   Command. 
April  29th,   19] 6.  James  Connolly. 

On       consultation       with      Commandant 
Cennnt  and  other  officers,   I   have  decided 
to  agree  to  unconditional  surrender  also. 
Thomas  MacDonagh. 
CEASE  FiRE. 
It  was  close  on  4  o'clock  on  Saturday,  Anril 
29th,   when  unexpectedly  the  order  was  given 
to  the  troops  in  the  centre  of  tht  city  to  cease 
hre,    and    shortly    afterwards   it   was    Officially 
announced   that    the  rebel    forces  who  held   the 
General   Post  Office  h~J   decided  to  surrender 
unconditionally.      What    the    "'cease    fire"    im- 
parted   had     been    interpreted     differently    by 
different  people      and  there  was  a  general  feel- 
ing of   uncertainty   on  the  point   until   the  offi- 
cial   statement    lifted    the    matter    out    of   the 
region  of  conjecture. 

Courtsmartial  were  constituted.  and  the 
trials  of  the  prisoners  were  proceeded  with 
daily,  until  the  principals  had  been  sentenced, 
some  to  death,  others  to  varying  periods  of 
penal  servitude  or  imprisonment,  while  a 
large  number  of  persons  were  arrested  and 
deported  to  England. 

Those  who  were  sentenced  to  long  terms 
•)f  imprisonment  and  penal  servitude  were  ul- 
timately set  free  by  the  Government 
granting  a  general  amnesty  in  June,  1917  (see 
page  277),  in  preparation  for  the  assembling 
of  a  Convention  of  Irishmen  to  devise  a  new 
constitution  for  the  country. 

A  SCENE  OF  DESOLATION. 
The  revolution  having  enaed,  the 
streets  in  the  central  parts  oE  the 
city  on  Monday  became  comparatively 
safe  during  daylight,  the  citizens  displayed 
great  anxiety  to  see  for  themselves  some  of  the 
damage  that  had  been  done.  Residents  outside 
the  military  cordon  on  the  North  side  of  the 
city  wfre  rigorously  excluded  from  passing 
through,  and  on  the  South  side  a  similar  re- 
striction, but  not  quite  so  strict,  was  :n  force. 
Those  who  lived  within  the  cordon  "  ere  in  no 
way  hindered  from  moving  about  and  view- 
ing the  wreck  of  their  on'-e  fine  city. 
Tin  spectators  appeared  as  if  spell- 
bound when  thev  came  into  view  of 
Sackville  street,  Here  ana  there  a  cloud  ol 
smoke  rose  from  a  smouldering  ruin.  Only  a 
few  blackened  walls  remained  of  the  whole 
range  of  business  houses  on  one  side  of  the^ 
street  between  Nelson's  Pillar  and  O'Connell 
Bridge.  On  the  other  side  of  the  street 
only  the  walls  of  the  General  Post  Office  re- 
mained, the  Hotel  Metropole  was  gone,  and  all 
the  other  business  places  from  that  point 
down  to  Elvery's  Elephant  House  were  de- 
stroyed. 

CITY  AGAIN  NORMAL. 
By  Wednesday,  3rd  May,  there  were  in- 
dications in  almost  every  district 
that  Dublin  was  returning  to  its 
normal  condition.  Shopa  and  offices 
were  opened  in  every  street,  and 
business  seemed  to  be  proceeding  in  the 
osual  way.  Except  at  a  few  points  where 
*'  snipers5'   and  suspected  peisons  were  sup- 


posed to  be  concealed  in  private  houses 
there  were  very  few  soldiers  on  the  streets, 
which  were  once  more  under  the  control  of 
the  Metropolitan  Police.  There  were  wel- 
come signs  of  an  improved  condition  of  life 
mi  Dublin,  and  of  returning  activity  in  the 
"arious  departments  of  business  and  com- 
merce. Tram  and  train  services  were  gradually 
extended,  and  the  authorities  urged  employe* 
and  workers  in  all  occupations  to  return  to 
work. 


THE   SEIZURE   OF  THE   GENERAL   POST 
OFFICE. 

It  was  just  at  noon  on  Easter  Monday,  when 
Sackville  street  presented  the  normal 
Bank  Holiday  appearance,  with  closed 
shops  and  a  sprinkling  of  people  walk- 
ing along  the  footways,  a  party 
of  armed  men,  some  in  uniform 
and  some  in  mufti,  came  along 
at  a  brisk  pace  up  Lower  Abbey  street,  and 
wheeled  to  the  right.  When  they  arrived 
opposite  the  front  entrance  to  the  Post  Office 
the  order  to  halt  was  given.  and 
the  party,  numbering  at  that  time 
about  sixty,  rushed  into  the  public 
office  They  shouted  wildly,  and  fired 
about  twenty  levolver  shots,  without  hitting 
anyone.  They  ordered  the  clerks  in  the 
different  departments  all  round  to  put  up 
their  hands,  and  leave  the  place  with  all 
possible  haste.  Among  those  who  had  to 
submit  to  the  "  hands  up"  order  was  a  fine 
specimen  of  the  Dublin  Metropolitan  Police 
who  was  on  duty.  The  invaders  jumped 
over  the  counters,  and  took  possession  of  the 
whole  place.  Some  of  the  clerks  were  not 
allowed  time  even  to  take  their  hats  and 
their  coats,  and  as  they  were  pushed  about 
they  were  told  that  they  ought  to 
be  thankful  to  be  allowed  to  escape 
with        their        lives.  There        were        at 

that  time  about  twenty  or  thirty  members 
of  the  general  public  in  the  office,  engaged 
in  purchasing  stamps,  writing  letters  at  the 
centre  tables,  or  transacting  some  other 
business  such-  as  is  of  daily  occurrence. 
These  people  were  simply  dumbfounded  at 
what  they  saw  and  heard,  and,  in  fact,  were 
very  much  frightened,  indeed,  by  the  re- 
volver firing.  They  naturally  left  the  place 
as  quickly  as  they  could.  The  public  offices 
on  the  ground  floor  having  been  in  this 
unceremonious  way  taken  possession  of  by  the 
Volunteers,  and  an  armed  sentry  placed  at 
the  door  to  exclude  the  public,  a  party  pro- 
ceeded throughout  the  building,  and  took 
possession  of  the  sorting  rooms,  parcels  rooms, 
telegraph  and  telephones. 

TELEGRAPH    WIRES    CUT. 

The  staffs  in  these  departments  surrendered 
at  discretion,  and  gave  place  to  the 
rebels.  They  could  do  nothing  else.  The 
telegraph  cables  to  England  and  Scotland 
were  cut  at  12.20,  so  that  Ireland  was  com- 
pletely  cut  off  from  communication 
with  Great  Britain.  Everything  in 
the  place  was  turned  topsy-turvy. 
Not  a  whole  pane  of  glass  was  left  in  any  of 
the   windows   on   the    ground   floor   from   the 


12 


Henry  street  side  round  to  Prince's  street.  Up 
against  these  glassless  windows  chairs,  stools, 
mail  sacks,  etc.,  were  piled  in  the  form  of  * 
rough  and  ready  barricade.  The  noise  of 
the  glass  falling  upon  the  pavement  attracted 
the  attention  of  the  people  in  the  street,  who 
at  first  could  not  understand  the  apparently 
wanton  destruction  of  property.  But  they 
were  quicklj  given  to  understand  that  serious 
business  war  afoot,  for  a  volley  of  rifle 
shot*  fired  through  the  vacant  windows 
sent  the  hitherto  listless  pedestrians  scamper- 
ing at  full  speed  in  all  directions.  "  0  Lord 
save  us,"  cried  a  few  old  women  as  they 
hurried  away  from  the  scene,  "  it's  the 
Citizen  Army,  and  they  have  taken  tha  Post 
Office."  And  so  the  first  act  in  this  latest 
of   Irish   rebellions    was    performed. 

Meanwhile  other  parties  of  the  revolu- 
tionists were  not  idle,  for  the  noise  of 
fusillading  was  heard  from  other  parts  of  the 
city,  notably  from  Dublin  Castle.  Excite- 
ment grew  intense,  and  women  and  children 
who  were  out  for  the  holiday  found  them- 
selves cut  off  from  the  means  of  getting  to 
their  homes.  The  tramcar  service  was  sus- 
pended at  one  o'clock,  and  all  the  cars  were 
sent  to  their  depots.  One  large  car  was  per- 
force kept  at  tfee  entrance  to  North 
Earl  street  as  a  sort  of  street 
barricade.  Al1  the  public-houses  within 
a  certain  distance  of  the  Post  Office  were 
closed,  and  trembling  spectators  gathered  on 
0"Connell  Bridge  and  at  the  corners  of  West- 
morel?"-1  street  and  D'Olier  street,  expecting 
every  moment  to  see  the  military  coming 
^rom  one  direction  or  another 

LANCERS     ATTACKED. 

Shortly  after  the  trouble  began  a  troop 
of  lancers  came  along  from  the  direction  of 
the  North  Wall,  escorting  four  or  five 
waggons  of  munitions  which  were  being  con- 
veyed to  the  magazine  in  the  Phosuix  Park. 
They  crossed  from  the  Eden  quay  side  of 
Sackville  street,  and  passed  up  Bachelor's 
Walk,  knowing  nothing  of  what  was  happen- 
ing in  the  neighbourhood.  A  number  of  them 
subsequently  returned  to  the  city. 
and  came  into  Sackvdje  street  from  the 
north  end.  As  soon  as  they  got  in  front  of 
the  Post  Office  they  were  met  with  a  volley 
from  the  oc-cupanos  of  that  building.  n.e 
ghots  came  for  the  most  pai  L  from  men  hu 
had  got  on  the  roof,  from  which  vosaion 
they  had  a  great  advantage  oves 
the  lancers.  Four  of  the  latter  were 
shot,  and  the  horse  of  one  of  them 
fell  dead  on  the  street.  The  dead  bodies 
of  these  men  were  taken  to  Jervis  street 
hospital.  The  Lancers  withdrew  to  *,n& 
Parnell  Monument,  where  they  remained 
for  a  short  while  before  return- 
ing to  barracks.  Early  in  the  pro- 
ceedings a  party  of  the  Volunteers  turned 
into  Abbey  street,  and,  i-aving  smashed 
several  large  shop  windows,  entered  (  e  Ship 
Hotel,  and  "took"  that,  too.  Armed  men 
posted  themselves  in  he  upper  windows,  but 
thev  relinquished  that  position  in  the  course 
of  the  afternoon.  J  he  j-uroe  meantime  had 
•wilhdiawn  to  their  several  stations. 


SHOPS    LOOTED. 

Shop  windows  in  North  Earl  street  were 
smashed,  and  the  shops*  were  looted. 
Noblett's  sweet  shop  at  the  corner,  and  that 
of  Lewers  and  Co.,  next  to  it  in 
Sackville  street,  were  sacked,  and 
youngsters,  male  and  female,  mignt  bis  seen 
carrying  bundles-  of  sweets,  jr  caps  and  hats, 
or  shirts,  of  which  those  shops  weru  despoiled. 
There  was  no  o*ne  to  prevent  them  from  help- 
ing themselves  as  they  listed.  A  publichouse 
in  North  Earl  street  was  looted,  and  when 
the  looters  had  partaken  of  the  ardent  spirits 
some  of  them  beat  each  other  with  the 
bottles  so  violently  that  they  were  under 
the  necessity  of  having  their  wounds  dressed 
.in  hospital.  Another  of  the  shops  that 
suffered  was  that  of  Messrs.  Al.  Kelly  and 
Son,  gunsmiths  and  gunpowder  merchants,  at 
the  corner  of  Bachelor's  Walk  and  baekville 
street.  The  looters  t~ok  away  with  them 
such  ammunition  as  they  could  lay  their 
hands  on  A  couple  of  motor  cars  were 
stopped  as  they  were  passing  the  Post  Office, 
and  the  occupants  had  to  leave  them  in  pos- 
session of  the  rebels.  One  of  the  victims 
of  this  high  handed  procedure-  was  Jud<;e 
Law  Smith,  County  Court  Jud^e  of  Limerick, 
who  was  accompanied  bv  a  couple  of  ladies. 
THE    SECOND    DAY. 

All  through  Monday  night  and  Tuesday 
morning  the  rebels  were  busily  engaged  in 
Sackville  street,-  taking  possession  of  houses 
ocupying  commanding  positions.  The  win- 
dows and  doors  of  these  premises  were 
strongly  barricaded  with  furniture,  bedding, 
etc.,  and  garrisons  were  installed  in  them. 
At  O'Connell  Bridge.  Kelly's  shop  at  the 
corner  of  Bachelor's  Walk  was  garrisoned, 
and  Hopkins's  jewellery  establishment  at  the 
opposite  corner  was  similarly  occupied.  At 
the  corner  of  Lower  Abbey  street,  the  branch 
premises  of  the  Hibernian  Banking  Company 
were  likewise  sei  ed,  and  a  strong  garrison 
was  installed.  Every  window  overlooking  the 
street  was  fill-eu  with  armed  men,  and  pre- 
parations to  withstand  a  sitge  were  under- 
taken. Later  in  the  day  a  change  of  plans 
took  place,  and  a  Red  Cross  Hag  was  hung  out 
of  one  of  the  upper  windows  of  the  bank,  as 
if  tii  indicate  that  this  building  was  to  serve 
as  an  hospital  for  the  wounded  when  the 
sieor  of  !'-p  P  •-»•  Office  mis  rntered  upon. 
BARBED    WIR^    IN    SACICVIl-LE   STREET. 

Olosa  l>v\  in  i.owL.-  Aniey  stieet,  a  hii-mid- 
nliie  barrier  was  erected  opposite  Wynn'a 
Hotel.  To  obtain  material  for  the  barricade 
the  Irish  Times  paper  store  was  looted,  and 
the  big  reels  of  paper  were  rolled  out  oo 
the  street.  A  bicycle  shop  was  also  looted, 
and  bicycles  and  boxes  were  piled  high,  form- 
ing the  only  really  effective  barricade  in  thf/ 
city.  The  Wireless  School,  at  the  corner  of 
Lower  Abbey  street,  was  another  of  the  places 
seized  by  the  rebels,  and  messages  were  being 
despatched  from  this  place  until  the  rebels 
were  shelled  out  of  Hie  building.  Further 
preparations  for  (he  siege  wove  made  by 
stretching  lines  of  barked  wire  across  Sack- 
ville street,  and  portion  of  the  Imperial  Hotel, 
which  is  directly  opposite  fhe  Post  Office,  was 
a.Ko  occupied  by  a  number  of  the  rebels. 


13 


Amongst  the  premises  in  the  immediate 
%icinity  of  the  Post  Office  which  were  occupied 
by  the  rebels  on  Monday  night  was  M'Dowell's 
jewellery  shop,  which  adjoins  the  Post  Office 
on  the  Henry  street  side,  and  commands  the 
approach  from  Moore  street.  On  every  side, 
indeed,  the  approaches  were  under  strict 
guard,  and  anyone  who  ventured  too  close  to 
the  G.P.O.   soon  realised  the  danger. 

MACHINE    GUNS    ON     TRINITY. 

On  Wednesday,  Thursday,  and  Friday  the 
fight  for  the  Post  Office  was  carried  on  by 
the  military  with  the  greatest  vigour. 
Machine-guns  were  placed  on  Trinity  College, 
and  from  this  point  gasts  of  fire  swept 
through  Westmoreland  and  Sackville  streets 
whenever  any  of  the  rebels  attempted  to 
crosi:  the  thoroughfare.  The  military  also 
drew  gradually  nearer  and  nearer  through 
the  ride  streets,  and  formed  a  circle  of  steel 
through  which  no  rebel  had  a  chance  of 
escape.  The  circle  was  slowly  contracted 
until  a  point  lad  been  readied  when  a  fur- 
ther forward  movement  roust  be  a  charge. 
Ihe  authorities  brought  artillery  and 
tnachine-guns  into  action,  and  liberally 
I  sprayed  "  all  the  positions  held  by  the 
rebels  on  each  side  of  the  street. 

Thus  the  fight  went  on  day  and  night.  On 
Thursday  night  a  heavy  bombardment  was 
directed  against  Messrs.  Hopkins'  establish- 
ment, which  was  full  of  Sinn  Feiners. 
When  the  house  was  being  brought  down 
ibout  them,   as  many   of  the   rebels  as  could 

scape  fled  in  the  direction  of  the  1'ost  Office, 
only  to  meet  their  deaths  in  the  streets. 
Fire  then  added  its  terrors  to  the  awful 
scene,  and  in  a  short  time  the  whole  blocli 
Df     buildings     from     Hopkins'    corner     up    to 

fewer  Abbey  street  was  like  a  furnace.  On- 
ward  the   fire  swept,   one   house   after   another 

nve'oped.  The  flames  leapt  and  curled 
feross  [.over  Abbey  street,  and  soon  the 
Hibernian  Bunk  Branch  and  the  adjoin- 
ng  houses  were  aho  burning.  The  glare 
)f  light  made  the  Post  Office  and  the  Hotel 
Metropole  on  the  opposite  side  of  the 
street,  appear  as  if  they  had  been  illuminated 
n  honour  of  some  festive  occasion.  W.hen 
31ery's  premises  and  the  Imperial  Hotel  fell 
victims,  great  sheets  of  fire  rushed 
ligh  in  the  air,  and  it  seemed  as  if 
fhe  whole  centre  of  the  city  was  doomed 
io  destruction.  All  the  houses  up  to  Earl 
/treet  were  soon  in  flames,  which  again  crossed 
.he  street  and  set  fire  to  Tyler's  boot  ware- 
louse.  The  great  gap  which  had  been  created 
>y  he  previous  fire  at  Messrs.  Lawrence's 
itores  was  an  effective  check  to  the  further 
Jrogress  of  the  process  of  destruction,  and  the 
ire  finally  burnt  itself  out  there. 

BURNED    OUT. 

On  Friday,  28th,  the  battle  with  the 
ebels  entrenched  in  the  General  Post  Office 
lontinned  with  unabated  violence.  All  dav 
ong  they  were  shelled  with  artillery  and 
Sdaxim   guns,   and  in  the  evening   the   whole 


place  went  on  fire.  This  fire  was,  if  possible, 
even  more  destructive  than  the  one  of  the  pre- 
vious night.  The  whole  building,  except  the 
porch,  was  quickly  consumed  by  the  flasies, 
which  spread  in  all  directions,  enveloping  the 
Hotel  Metropole,  Messrs.  Eason's,  and  th« 
entire  block  of  adjacent  buildings.  When  day- 
light broke  the  scene  was  one  of  utter  desol'a- 
tion.  The  palatial  buildings  which  formerly 
adorned  the  principal  streets  in  Dublin  wera 
lying  in  ruins,  nothing  but  a  naked  wall  being 
left  standing  at  short  intervals. 

OFFICER'S    EXTRAORDINARY    EXPERIENCE 
INSIDE    THE    G.P.O. 

A  series  of  extraordinary  experiences  and 
escapes  fell  to  the  iot  of  Second  Lieutenant 
A.  D.  Chalmers,  14th  Royal  Fusiliers,  who 
was  kept  a  prisoner  in  the  General  Post 
Office  from  Easter  Monday  to  the  following 
Friday,  when  according  to  a  statement  he 
made  to  a  Pressman  afterwards,  he  was  given 
the  choice  of  being  shot  immediately  or 
running  the  gauntlet  of  soldiers'  fire  to  draw 
it  off  the  escaping  rebels. 

He  was  going  into  the  Post  Office  at  noon 
on  Easter  Monday  when  he  noticed  about 
a  party  of  Sinn  Feiners  coming  up  Sack- 
ville street,  and  remarked  to  a  friend:  "Just 
look  at  that  awful  crowd;  they  must  be  on 
a  route  march."  Three  minutes  afterwards 
a  voice  outside  the  Post  Office  shouted 
"Charge!"  and  a  crowd  of  rebels  rushed  in. 
One  of  them  presented  a  bayonet  at  his 
breast,  and  the  other  prodded"  him  in  the 
back  with  a  pike,  a  weapon  favoured  bv 
many  of  the  rebels.  Lieutenant  Chalmers, 
who  was  in  Dublin  on  sick  leave,  was  un- 
armed. After  being  searched  for  arms,  the 
lieutenant  was  bound  with  wire  obtained 
from  the  telephone  box  and  put  into  the 
box,  which  faced  Nelson  Pillar.  Bv  this 
time  the  public  had  scattered,  and  the 
officials,  including  some  from  other  Boots 
had  been  marched  out  of  the  office  with 
their  hands  above  their  heads.  Then  there 
was  a  rush  for  the  windows,  which  the 
rebels  smashed  with  th*1  butt-ends  of  their 
rifles  and  pikes.  It  was  when  the  troop'  nf 
Lancers  charged  that  Lieutenant  Chalmers 
had  his  first  narrow  escape  from  bullets 
which  went  through  the  telephone  box. 
After  being  _  confined  in  the  box  for  three 
hours,  the  lieutenant  was  taken  to  the  first 
floor.  The  O'Rahilly,  a  captain,  said:  "I 
want  this  officer  to  watch  the  safe  to  see 
that  nothing  is  touched.  You  will  see  that 
no  harm  comes  to  him."  Shortly  afterwards 
two  guards  came  down  and  conducted  him 
to  _ the  staff  diningroom  on  the  top  of  the 
building  for  a  meal.  At  night  he  was  taken 
to  a  room  overlooking  the  Metropole  Hotel. 
There  was  no  bedding  whatever,  and  two 
guards  kept  the  door  with  fixed  bayonets 
so  that  there  was  no  sleep.  On  Tuesday' 
Wednesday,  and  Thursday  there  was  much 
firing,  and  the  rebels  were  running  about 
all  ever  the  place.  On  Friday  morninrr  the 
roof  of  the  Post  Office  caught  fire,  probably 
from     shells.         Downstairs"  the    rebels    'had 


11 


everything  combustible  smashed  up  ready  to 
start  a  fire,  and  the  cellars  were  packed  with 
explosives.  Bullets  were  then  coming  inlo 
the  room  where  Second  Lieutenant  Chalmers, 
Second  Lieutenant  King,  R.LF. ;  Lieutenant 
Mahonv,  LA. M.S.,  and  other  captives,  to 
the  number  of  sixteen,  were  imprisoned. 
Prisoners  bad  been  taken  in  as  occasion 
offered 

TUNNEL  BLASTED  BY  DYNAMITE. 
They  crouched  under  a  table,  as  the  roof 
was  falling  in,  and  part  of  an  inside  wall 
had  collapsed.  During  the  week  the  rebels 
had  made  a  tunnel  from  the  Post  Office  to 
premises  in  Henry  street,  and  it  was 
through  this  that  many  of  them  escaped 
temporarily.  The  tunnel  had  been 
blasted         by         dynamite.  Among        the 

rebels  were  engineers,  electricians,  and 
experts  of  all  kinds,  including  a 
man  who  was  said  to  have  come  from  Berlin. 
He  was  an  expert  in  regard  to  explosives,  and 
remarked  that  he  would  never  return  to  civil 
life  knowing  as  much  as  he  did  about  the 
insurrection  business.  On  Friday,  28th  April, 
the  prisoners  were  taken  to  a  basement  right 
below  the  building.  Here  were  stores  of 
celi^nite,  cordite,  gun  cotton,  and 
dynamite— stacks  of  it.  Men  came  down  to 
the    basement   calling    for   bombs. 

A      TERRIBLE     TRAP. 

Tht  cellar  was  barricaded  with  boxes,  and 
a  light  turned  on  to  one  of  these  revealed 
packages  of  gelignite.  Bombs  with  fuses 
set  were  placed  round  the  cellar  by  the 
rebels  who  then  left  the  prisoners  in  it.  In 
this  terrible  plight  the  prisoners  decided 
not  to  die  like  rats  in  a  trap  if  they  could 
help  it  Thev  were  saved  from  a  horrible 
death  by  a  rebel  and  a  lieutenant.  In  re- 
sponse to  the  calls  of  the  prisoners  the 
lieutenant  said:  "It's  all  right  boys  and 
took  them  up  again  into  the  burning  build- 
in-  and  out  into  the  yard  at  the  back. 
Their  next  move  was  through  a  corridor  into 
a  room  at  the  back  of  the  Post  03.ee.  where 
,;  "ereput  under  the  charge  of  a  wo man 
in  male  attire,  who  flourished  a 
big   loaded    revolver. 

HUMAN  BULLET  SCREEN. 
A  little  later  the  prisoners  were  led 
loHenrv  place,  to  be  used  by  the  rebels  as  a 
KUcn  to  Eacil.tate  their  escape.  Lieutenant 
Chalmers  was  placed  at  the  head  of  the  line 
of  prisoners,  and  on  his  left  hand 
was  a  private  of  the  Royal  Dublin  Fusiliers. 
l>ointine  a  Mauser  pistol  at  the  Lieutenant 
one  of  The  rebels  told  him  to  run  or  he  would 
fire  About  150  vards  away  were  the  troops 
w  lh  a  machine  'Run,  and  they  were  Unrig 
down  a  lane      Lieutenant  i  aalroers  started  to 

bu1    had    no!    got   ten    yards    before   he 

hot    in    the    thigh,    and    the    Dublin 

Her     througfi     the     head        By     a     rush 

n     „f  the  prisoners  pn       I  essfully  the 

en  I  of  the  lane  down   which  the  troops  fired 

II,  .   mai  hin  i  \  un,   and    b  >in£>    called    upon    by 

Pebe|8  to    top  -l  irted  down  an  alley  way 
U,       in  li       left,      only       to       find       them- 


selves charging  a  British  machine  gun. 
Bullets  spattered  around  them,  but  by  a 
miracle  they  escaped  injury,  and  jumped  a- 
parapet  a  yard  high.  Running  round  yet 
another  passage,  they  found  themselves  in  a 
court  yard  at  the  "back  of  Lipton's  store, 
where  Lieutenant  Chalmer's  collapsed  from  his 
nerve- wracking  experiences.  He  was  carried 
on  the  back  of  a  sergeant  of  the  R.l.R.  into 
the  cellar.  The  whole  building  bad  Lf°n 
burned  out.  Even  then  the  trials  of  the  Lieu- 
tenant, the  sergeant,  and  three  privates 
were  not  passed.  They  spent  the 
night        in        the        cellar.  Next        morn- 

ing fighting  was  resumed  close  beside 
them.  Through  the  cellar  grating  they  saw  a> 
sniper  on  the  roof  of  the  building  opposite, 
and  inside  was  a  man  grinding  bayonets,  work 
which  he  kept  up  all  day.  Towards  evening 
the  machine-gun  fire  i  ecame  very  hot,  and  U.e 
bullets  wp>-p  falling  all  around.  The  prisoners 
crawled  out  of  the  cellar  into  a  van  standing 
in  the  yard.  About  6.30  p.m.  there  was  a 
call  for  any  more  rebels  who  wanted  to  sur- 
render, and  the  sergeant  jumped  out  of  the 
van  to  discover  a  corporal  and  two  soldiers 
with  fixed  bayonets.  By  th.at  time  the  cap- 
tives had  been  without  food  or  drink  for 
twenty-iour  hours 

BOMB'S    PREMATURE    EXPLOSION. 

Many  interesting  and  valuable  observations 
were  made,  by  Lieutenant  Chalmers  durin<*  his 
stay  in  the  Post  Office,  and  he  ^wit- 
nessed  some  strange  sights.  The  first 
casualty  at  the  Post  Office  was  that 
which  occurred  to  a  Sinn  Feiner  who  was 
placing  a  bomb  in  position.  This  man  was 
leaning  over  a  counter  when  the  bomb  blew 
his  head  right  off.  These  bombs  were  charged 
with  melinite,  and  fitted  with  wicks  attached 
to  fusees  at  the  outer  end.  The  rebels  had 
arms  of  the  most  various  patterns — Mauser 
and  Holtz'  rifles.,  Army  rides,  automatic  rifles, 
sniHng  trims  and  revolvers,  and  automatic 
pistols  of  every  conceivable  type.  Thev  also 
he  said,  had  a  machine  gun  on  the  ioof  of 
the  Post  Office.  They  used  expanding  bullets 
of  the  sort  n=ed  for  killing  hiuT  game,  ami 
Lieutenant  Chalmers  had  one  of  these  bullets 
which  lie  took  from  a  bandolier. 
The  rebels  got  i  good  deal  of  amusement  out 
of  the  telegraph  instruments  before  destf  ty- 
ing them.  Among  their  number  were  tele- 
graphists, who  chuckled  as  thev  translated 
messages  from  the  outer  world,  inquiring 
frantically  what  had  happened  in  Dub- 
lin, and  transmitted  evasive  replies. 
Food  supplies  were  in  abundance,  and  in  the 
early  mornings  carts  stacked  high  with  pro- 
visions would  come  rattling  along  under  the 
guard   of   an  armed  rebel. 

In  Lieutenant  Mahony  the  rebels  discovared 
medical  and  surgical  knowledge,  which  they 
called  upon  him  to  utilise.  They  had  their 
own  force  of  nurses,  but  these  displayed 
very  sight  knowledge,  and  their  methods 
wen?  very  crude,  while  medical  supplies  were) 
of  an  ill  assorted  and  useless  character. 
Med n  aj  students  and  nurses  came  info  the  Post 


15 


(XTce,  and  rendered  good  service.  Connolly's 
leg  wound  was  dressed  by  Lieutenant  Mahony, 
who  accompanied  him  along  the  tunnel 
blasted   by  the  Sinn  Feiners. 


GIRLS    IN    THE    G.P.O. 

Tn  the  making  of  the  barricade  at  the  head 
of  Prince's  street  the  most  extraordinary 
articles  were  utilised,  including  cauliflowers 
and  milk  cans,  and  a  brand  new  green  motor 
car  taken  from  the  Post  Office.  The  girls  serv- 
ing in  the  diningroom  at  the  Post  Office  were 
dressed  in  the  finest  clothes,  and  wore  knives 
and  pistols  in  their  belts  They  also  wore 
white,  green,  and  orange  sashes. 

Bank  notes,  postal  orders,  and  other  securi- 
ties of  value  were  handed  over  to  Thomas 
Clarke,  one  of  the  members  of  the  Provi- 
sional Government,  in  the  diningroom  on 
Easter  Monday.  Lieut.  Chalmers  is  assured  on 
that  point,  as  he  heard  all  the  conversation. 
It  was  stated  that  the  money  was  to  be  distri- 
bute^ among  the  relatives  and  dependents  of 
the  S.'nn  Feiners  who  fell  in  the  fight.  One 
of  the  rebels  offered  the  Lieutenant  a 
postal  order,  remarking  "Here's  your  pay," 
but  this  was  a  pleasantry,  as  at  that  time 
Lieutenant   Chalmers   was  bcund. 

SOLDIERS   FIVE    DAYS    WITHOUT    FOOD. 

On  Wednesday,  3rd  May,  more  was  heard  of 
the  soldiers  who  had  been  hostages.  Mr.  F.  R. 
Ridgeway,  managing  director  of  Bewley, 
Sons,  and  Co.,  Henry  street,  discovered  that 
there  were  two  soldiers  alive  in  the  ruins  of 
the  Coliseum  Theatre.  It  was  not  long  before 
they  were  released,  when  it  was  found  that 
thev  were  Sergeant  Henry,  of  the  School  of 
Musketry,  Dollvmount  Camp,  and  formerly 
of  the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary,  and  Private 
James  Doyle,  of  the  Royal  Irish  Regiment. 
Both  were  unwounded.  hnt  weak  from  want 
of  food,  having  had  nothing  to  eat  since 
Friday.  How  did  thev  come  to  be  _  in  the 
Coliseum?  Being  of  the  party  imprisoned  in 
the  Post  Office,  when  sent  forth  they  had 
sought  refuge  in  the  theatre,  and  there  they 
•stayed  unaware  of  the  fact  that  the  fighting 
about  the  place  had  ceased. 


ATTEMPT  TO  BLOW  UP  NELSON  PILLAR 

One  of  the  many  daring  schemes  of  the 
rebels  which  failed  was  an  attempt  to  blow 
up  the  Nelson  Pillar  in  SaeUville  street.  An  eye- 
witness of  the  effort  stateg  &hat  he  was  pro- 
ceeding to  the  south  side  of  the  city  from  $fee 
north  on  Tuesday  morning,  25th  April,  at  7 
a.m.  On  reaching  the  foot  of  Rutland  square 
be  saw  an  armed  rebel  driving  the  spectators 
op  Sackville  street  and  into  Great  Britain 
street.  At  this  corner  the  crowd  lingered, 
and  the  rebel  ordered  the  people  to  "  get  out 
of  the  firing  line,"  and  addai  with  a  dramatic 
whirl  of  his  bayonet-^ 

'The  Nelson  Pillar  is  about  to  be  b&rwj; 
ttp  with  bombs."- 


Taking  cover  behind  the  Parnell  Monument 
the  eye-witness  awaited  developments,and  pre- 
cisely at  7.10  a.m.  there  was  a  loud  explosion, 
followed  by  a  cloud  of  smoke,  which  rose 
close  to  the  north  side  of  the  Pillar.  The 
monument,  however,  did  not  show  any  signs 
of  collapse,  and  although  this  explosion  was 
followed  by  three  others  within  ten  minutes, 
the  Pillar  did  not  even  quiver.  No  further 
efforts  were  then  made  at  the  destruction  of 
the  monument,  and  at  7.30  the  spectators 
were  again  permitted  to  pass  by  the  Pillar. 


THE  ATTACK  ON  DUBLIN  CASTLE. 

The  attempt  to  enter  Dublin  Castle  was  one 
of  the  most  exciting  incidents  of  the  uprising. 
About  ten  minutes  past  12  noon  on  Monday 
a  small  party  of  Volunteers,  with  twr> 
young  women  in  the  rear,  marched  up  Cork 
Hill  towards  the  gates  of  the  Upper  Castlo 
Yard.  They  were  fully  equipped,  as  if  for 
a  long  adventure.  They  reached  the  Castle  en- 
trance, which  was  open,  and  guarded  onl? 
by  a  policeman  and  a  sentry.  When  the 
policeman  saw  they  were  going  to  enter  the 
Castle  Yard,  he  moved  quickly  in  front  of 
them,  and  raised  his  hand  as  a  sign  that  thev 
could  not  come  in.  But  the  Volunteers  were 
determined,  and  did  not  turn  back.  Thev 
remained  where  they  were  for  a  few  brief 
seconds,  facing  the  constable.  Then  occurred 
the  deed  that  revealed  the  daring  object  of 
the  Volunteers.  One  of  their  number,  stand- 
ing out  in  front  of  the  policeman,  levelled 
his  rifle  at  him,  and  before  the  unhappv  man 
ronld  dra.w  his  revolver,  fired  riinf  M  >"•'• 
The  constable  stood  a  second  or  two.  to  f;>ll 
prone  and  lie  motionless  on  the  ground.  At 
the  same  time  other  shots  were  fired  bv  the 
attackers  at  the  sentry  inside  the  railings 
and  at  the  guardroom  to  the  right.  Out  fmna 
the  path  sprang  the  sold;°r  with  Ms  n'fl,,  a(; 
the  ready  and  bavonet  fi\-ed.  He  did  not 
come  to  close  quarters  with  the  rebels.  The 
iron  gates  were  quickly  closed,  and  the  Volun- 
teers' attempt  to  "seize"  the  rpetlp  t'-'iied 
at  the  point.  That  they  intended  to  do  as 
much  harm  as  possible  was  anna  rent,  fop  rwa 
of  them  carried  a  tin  cannister,  evidently 
made  up  as  a  bomb,  and  he  threw  it  across 
the  railings  at  the  guardroom.  His  aim  was 
good,  the  bomb  bad.  It  broke  the  window, 
but  did  not  explode.  All  this  happened  in  a 
brief  time.  The  few  spectators  did  not  afe 
first  realise  what  the  affair  meant.  It  seemed! 
as  though  a  mere  act  of  bravado  on  th$ 
"Volunteers'  part  in  endeavouring  to  march' 
tbrough  the^  Upper  Castle  Yard,  had  ended 
in  the  shooting  down  of  a  policeman — not  the 
first  to  fall  thus  around  Dublin  Castle.  Thaj 
end,'  however,  was  not  yet. 

CITY   HALL    AND    NEWSPAPER    CFMCE 
SEIZED. 

Scattering  at  the  Castle  entrance,  the  Volun^ 
teers — of  whom  there  were  not  more  than  13 
«£>  the  outset — ran  down  Cork  Hill.  Four  oi" 
five  til  them  viynt  into  the  office  of  the  Daihf 
Express   at   the   corner  of   Parliament   streefc 


16 


and  Cork  Hill.  They  ordered  the  merr-ers 
M  the  newspaper  staff  to  leave  the  house,  Mid 
one  presented  a  bayonet  at  a  man  who  took 
them  too  coollv  for  their  lining.  In  a  Hw 
-linutes  the  Volunteers  were  in  possession  <.f 
'  he  building.  Their  object  in  seizing  it  was 
.  »  command  Dublin  Castle,  and  wage  war 
upon  it.  For  the  same  purpose  a  few  others 
of  the  party  ran  up  the  steps  of  the  City  Hag, 
and  climbed  the  iron  gates,  which  were  shut 
»n  account  of  the  holiday.  The  shop  of  Messrs. 
Henry  and  James  also  was  entered  by  a  man 
who,  having  broken  the  window  climbed  in 
and' went  up  through  the  house  to  the  root. 
Another  Volunteer  ran  down  Parlia- 
ment street  with  his  rifle  ready  to  shoot  any- 
one bold  enough  to  detain  him.  Nobody  at- 
tempted to  do"so;  the  excitement  was  great, 
and  most  persons  made  for  shelter. 

gefore  long  the  Volunteers,  ascended  to  the 
-  £&   of   the  buildings,   began  to   fire   at  Eie 

"tie  and  at  any  soldiers  whom  they  saw  in 
the  streets.  One  shot,  fired  at  a  private, 
grazed  the  arm  of  Miss  Woods,  whs  was 
standing  at  the  door  of  her  father's  shop  in 
Parliament  ?treet.  Another,  aimed  .at  a 
Canadian  soldier,  wounded  an  old  man  in  the 
same  fchsroughfare.  A  surgeon  who  had 
come  up  to  attend  the  policeman,  brought  off 
the  latest  victim  in  his  motor  car.  Not  long 
after  another  soldier  was  shet  in  the  bead. 

Ficce  fighting  continued  here  until  t^e 
following  night,  when  a  brilliant  charge 
bv  a  body  of  soldiers  with  fixed  bayonets, 
rushing  from  the  Castle,  under  cover 
of  artillery  fire,  ended  in  the  capture  of 
the  Express  office  The  dead  bodies  of  26 
rebels   were  then   found   on  the   premises. 

A     HEROIC     GIRL. 

This  district  was  the  scene  of  a  series  of 
jallant  actions  on  the  part  of  a  young  lady, 
Miss  Florence  Williams,  8  Bristol  Buildings, 
I  astle  street,  who  was  afterwards  awarded 
the  Military  Medal  by  the  War  Office  for 
her  conspicuous  bravery.  She  was  outside 
toe  Castle  ^ates  when  the  policeman  was 
shot,  and  sometime  later  dragged  two  soldiers 
Mho  wore  severely  wounded,  from  the  street, 
where  bullets  were  tattling,  to  her  mother's 
!,,  ,r  they  were  given  all  possible 
assistance.  She  went  through  the  fire  to  the 
Castle  in  search  of  a  stretcher  to  carry  the 
wounded  men  to  hospital,  and  after  that 
rescued  more  wounded  soldiers,  and  went 
out  and  brought  a  priest  to  minister  to  them. 
frequently  during  the  week  fhe  went  out  in 
the  firing  line,  and  secured  bread  nnd 
medicine  and  bandages  for  the  wounded  men 
in  her  house  from  the  Adelaide  Hospital.  She 
was  specially  thanked  and  made  the  re- 
cipieril  of  n  presentation  from  the  Comman- 
der  and    officers   of    Uis    Dublin    Fusiliers. 

IN   DUBLIN   CASTLE    RED   CROSS  [l*flMfrj}jL. 

Jfidrlcviood'i  Majatfnt  for  Decerhpef,  lr)16, 
contained  a  long  article"  on' the  "Experiences 


of  a  V.A.D.   at  Dublin  Castle  during  the  Re- 
bellion,"   from    which    we    quote: — 

"  It  was  shortly  after  noon  on  Easter  Mon- 
day, April  24.   1   was  washing  bandages  rn  tin 
Supper  Room    kitchen,  when    a    man    came    n 
and  said,      'the  policeman  at  the  front  gate  ha| 
been  shot,  and  they  have  carried  him  in  !'   Then 
was  no  hope  ;   death   had    been   instantaneous 
The    men,    who   were    watching   from    the    win 
dows,  said   an   armed   body   marched   up  Coil 
Hill    to    the    gate,    and    shot    the    policem.i 
through  the  head.     We  heard  afterwards  tlui 
the  original  plan  had  been  to  seize  the  Castlt 
as  they  had  done  the  G.P.O.  :  and  many  i^-i 
sons   were   advanced    why   they   had    not   doi 
so.      Connolly  told   us  that    when   they    foii.i 
no  resistance,  they  thought  it  must  be  a  trap 
to  entice  them  in  and  ambush   them,  and  th,* 
Ship  street   Barracks,   at  the  back,    would 
too  strong  for  them. 

"About   5   p.m.    troops   arrived.      The    fir 
definite  mo\ement  1  noticed  among  them 
when  an  officer  and  a  number  of  men  collectej 
near  the   gate ;    they    were    lined    up,    and    h 
gave  orders.     At  a  signal  he  and  two  or  1'itv 
of  the  men   ran  towards   the  gate  and   disaj 
peared  from  view  ;  three  or  four  followed,  all 
son   on.     This    turned    out    to    be    the    famou 
charge  on  the  City  Hall.     We  had  been   sen 
a  message;  all  blinds  were  to  be  pulled  dow 
and  all  lights  turned  out,  and  to  be  prepai 
for    noise,    as    machine-guns    were    going 
start.      We   groped    round   in    pitch   darkness 
unable  to  see  who  was  who,  so  it  was  hopeles 
to   try   and    do   anything — and   then   the    gun 
began.         The        beds     had       to      be      mnve< 
from      the      Picture      Gallery      and      Threw 
Room    to    St.    Patrick's    Hall,    the    corridor    o 
the    Officers'    Qua  iters,    and    the    landing    oir 
side,    which    were    at    the    lack    of   the    hous- 
The    lack    door   of   the   Supper    Room    kitchej 
faces  the  Operating  Theatre,  and  as  both  doors 
were  onen    I  could   see   inside.     In   the  midda 
of  the  floor  a  man  was  lying  on  mackintosh  I 
in    nools    of    blood:    all    round    were    wounds! 
being    stitched     up,     or    having     ha?moi  rhag« 
stopred. 


MEAL     TIME    D  I  FFICULTI  £S. 


"  At  4.30  a.m.  we  watched  the  troop* 
ii  :  rch  out  of  the  Yard,  with  bayonets  lixed, 
followed  by  the  stretcher  bearers.  The  hall 
was  turned  into  a  receiving  station,  fitted  uf 
with  screens  ;  supplies  of  bandages  and  dresf 
ings  and  kettles  of  boiling  water  were  kept  ii 
readiness.  The  men's  dining-room  was  p; 
and  the  corridor  thronged  with  soldiers  wait 
ing  for  breakfast.  Such  a  jolly  cheery  crowt 
they  were.  From  5  a.m.  till  midday 
crowd'     continued;      we      fed      about      sev 

'hundred  on  Tuesday,  though  there  were  o 
supplies  for  the  seventy  men  originally  in  I 
hospital,  so  we  could  not  treat  the  vjsitors  f 
regally.     They  were  allowed  a'  ciip'rif  tea  ai. 
half  a 'slice  of   bread  for  breakfast;  th< 

,  fr»  t*»,  and  a  cup  of  tea.  for  supper.  Practi 
oid,1  none  were  able  to  turn  n'p  for' more  (ha 
two  meals  in  the  day.     Froth  the  first  momin, 

£  2. 


17 


till  some  time  after  the  rebellion  was  over  the 
gas  supply  was  turned  off,  and  our  stove  .pas 
useless  in  consequence.  The  Supper  Room 
and  anteroom  were  heated  by  hot  pipes  ;  the.'e 
were  no  fires,  and  so  all  the  water  for  tea  and 
cocoa  for  the  fifty  men  had  to  be  carried 
through  St  Patrick's  Hall  to  the  fire  at  the 
top  of  the  main  staircase.  Even  here  troubles 
did  not  end,  as  it  was  a  common  occurrence 
to  go  back  to  find  your  saucepan  boiling 
finely — but  with  somebody's  instruments  steri- 
lising in  it— and  your  kettle  empty,  having 
been  used  to  fill  hot  jars  for  a  new 
arrival ! 

A    STREAM    OF    AMBULANCES. 

"Numbers  of  the  troops  came  to  the  Supper 
•Room  kitchen  for  a  wash  and  brush  up, 
amongst  them  some  we  had  seen  march  out, 
soon  after  dawn,  with  fixed  bayonets.  From 
the  windows  we  could  see  a  constant  stream 
of  ambulances  and  stretchers  going  in  and  out 
of  the  Yard — the  dead  had  their  faces 
covered  In  the  evening  we  watched  the 
men  in  the  Yard  bombing  the  office  of  Jia 
Evening  Mail.  The  noise  was  terrific,  but 
eventually  the  building  vvas  successfully 
stormed.  From  then  on,  we  were  considered 
comparatively   safe. 

"  Wednesday  in  our  quarters  was  heavy 
with  regular  routine,  but  rather  uneventful. 
In  the  evening,  as  1  came  downstairs  a 
procession  of  policemen  with  bared  heads 
passed  down  tin  corridor — it  was  the  police- 
man's  funeral 

"The  officers'  uresding-room  was  turned  into 
a  'dressing  station,'  where  slight  injuries  \ve:e 
attended  to  :  over  two  hundred  and  fifty  rises 
were  treated  here.  As  the  room  was  fitted 
with  basins,  several  of  us  had  to  spend  all 
spare  moments  there  washing  bandages  and 
mackintoshes,  which,  needless  to  say,  were 
never-ending.  It  had  been  given  out 
that  any  nurse  who  had  the  chance  might  sit 
down,  so  I  used  to  pull  a  chair  over  to  the 
basin  and  scrub  away. 

THE    FUNERALS. 

"  The  windows  overlook  the  Castle  garden, 
where  all  day  about  twenty  men  were  digging 
graves.  The  nearest  were  for  officers,  each 
made  separately ;  then  two  large  graves  for 
Tommies  and  civilians,  and  Sinn  Feiners. 
There  were  over  seventy  buried  in  the  gar- 
den :  most  of  them  were  removed  when  the 
rebellion  was  over.  Only  a  very  limited  num- 
ber of  coffins  could  be  obtained  :  most  of  the 
bodies  wei*e  buried  sewn  into  sheets.  The 
funerals  took  place  each  evening  after  dark. 
Towards  the  end  of  the  week  the  dead  were 
so  many  •  they  were  brought  in  covered 
carts  instead  of  ambulances.  I  saw  a  cart 
open  once — about  fifteen  bodies,  one  on  top 
of  the  other.  It  took  time  to  carry  them 
round  to  the  mortuary,  and  sometimes  aa  one 

,  passed  two  or  three  bodies  would  be  lying  near 
the  side  door,  dressed  in  khaki,  but  so  still, 
bo  stiff,  the  hands  so  blue,  and  the  faces 
covered.    It  is  difficult  to  remember  which  day 

.  armoured  motor  cars  made  their  first  appear- 


ance, but  by  Friday  the  sight  of  them  rushin* 
in  and  out  was  quite  familiar.  It  is  also  im- 
possible to  state  chronologically  the  arrival 
of  Sinn  Fein  prisoners.  The  only  batch  I 
clearly  remember  were  fifteen  or  sixteen  re- 
spectable-looking men  brought  from  the  Four 
Courts  the  Tuesday  morning  after  the  surren- 
der. 

"On  Saturday  there  was  actually  a  pause 
in  the  afternoon,  so  I  seated  myself  in  front 
of  the  fire  to  make  toast  for  the  men's  te>v 
One  of  the  men  relieved  me  before  long,  and 
made  enough  for  the  whole  landing.  It  was  a 
treat !  It  seemed  years,  not  days,  sin.'e 
we  had  seen  anything  so  civilised. 
Teas  were  being  brought,  and  high  good- 
humour  prevailed  over  the  toast,  when  soma 
one  hurled  herself  in  with  :  '  The  Rebels  have 
surrendered  unconditionally !  '  We  coal* 
hardly  believe  our  ears ;  it  seemed  much  too 
wonderful  to  be  true.  The  news  was  followed 
by  a  damper :  '  Thirty  new  nurses  have 
arrived — what  are  they  to  eat?  I  should, 
rather  do  twice  as  much  again  than  have 
rations  cut  down  any  further.'  We  echoed 
the  sentiment.  It  did  not  occur  to  us,  that 
once  surrender  was  official,  we  should  be  able 
to  get  plenty  of  food.  A  new  nurse  and  two 
V.A.D.'s  were  sent  to  the  Throne  Room; 
other  wards  received  similar  reinforcements, 
and  we  had  the  amusing  and  unexpected  ex- 
perience of   tumbling   over  each  other. 

JAMES    CONNOLLY    IN    THE    HOSPITAL. 

"  The  arrival  of  James  Connolly  caused  an 
unusual  stir.  From  the  window  I  could  see 
him  lying  on  the  stretcher,  his  hands  crossed, 
his  head  hidden  from  view  by  the  archway. 
The  stretcher  was  on  the  ground,  and  at 
either  side  stood  three  of  his  officers,  dressed 
in  the  Volunteer  uniform  ;  a  guard  cf 
about  thirty  soldiers  stood  around.  The  sce:io 
did  not  change  for  ten  minutes  or  more  ;  th.jy 
were  arranging  wht  e  he  should  be  brought, 
and  a  small  ward  \  the  Officers'  Quartets, 
where  he  could  be  ca\  fully  guarded,  was  de- 
cided upon.  The  nurr  &  in  charge  of  him  ac- 
knowledged, without  exception,  that  no 
one  could  have  been  mon  ■  considerate,  or  have 
given  less  trouble.  AK 'fa-  a  week  after  r."* 
arrival  he  had  an  op-^raVOn  on  the  leg.  All 
through,  his  behaviour  \ssr  that  of  an  idealist. 
He  was  calm  and  compxVeA  during  the  court- 
martial,  and  he  is  reports  fctt  have  said  : — 
'  You  can  shoot  me  if  yos  i'\ke,  but  I  am 
dying  for  my  country.'  Rf  eCxowed  no  sign 
of  weakness  till  his  wife  was  Vt'ought  to  say 
good-bye  to  him,  bhe  night  he  r?as  to  be  shot 
When  she  had  left,  he  saw  the  monks, 
and  about  3  d.m.  he  was  carried  down  on  a 
stretcher  to  the  ambulance  that  was  to  bring 
him  to  Kilmainham.  « 

"Since  the  firing  had  stopped  on  Saturday 
the  ambulances  could  drive  through  the 
streets  in  safety,  and  a  great  number  of 
wounded  were  brought  in.  About  9  p.m.  the 
day  staff  retired,  and  left  one  staff  nurse,  one 
probationer,  and  me  to  look  after  the  twenty- 


18 


sever,  patients  in  the  Picture  Gallery.  I  nevar 
thought  I  should  have  seen  such  suffering  as 
was  in  that  ward  that  night;  the  gioaning  vas 
inde;-_-rihable. 

"Early. on  Sunday  morning  orderlies  from 
Xing  George  V.  Hospital  appeared  on  the 
scene.  They  were  a  great  help ;  they  used  to 
look  after  the  fires  and  make  themselves  gene- 
rally useful.  The  convalescent  patients,  who 
Always  worked  iike  blacks,  were  very  critical 
of  them. 

SNIPING. 

'rThe  sniping  was  worse  than  usual  on  Mon- 
day night,  and  we  heard  rumours  that  the 
Sinn  Feiners  had  reinforcements,  and  the  sur- 
render was  withdrawn.  Two  men  were  killed  in 
the  Yard  just  outside  our  door  a  few  minutes 
after  I  had  come  across.  Night  duty  was  not, 
without  its  excitements.  One  of  the  nurses 
going  her  rounds  had  an  electric  torch,  which 
she  switched  on  when  she  entered  the  ward. 
She  was  faced  by  a  burly  Australian,  his  fists 
clenched  and  a  ferocious  expression  on  his  face, 
just  going  to  make  a  spring  for  her  throat ! 
He  had  mistaken  her  muffled  footsteps  for  a 
Sinn  Feiner:  After  supper,  next  morning  1 
bad  to  move  my  belongings  to  the  Night 
Nurses'  Quarters.  Everything  was  quiet,  and 
the  Yard  was  safe  to  cross.  The  troops  were 
lying  in  all  directions,  and  with  armloads  <>f 
pillows,  sheets,  and  similar  baggage,  I  had 
to  pick    my    way   between   them. 

'"'  We  were  at  dinner  in  the  kitchen,  when  a 
stretcher-bearer  offered  us  his  newspaper,  the 
now  famous  paper  {Ifish  Times),  with  three 
dates.  Tt  was  the  first  communication  we  had 
held  with  the  outside  world  for  over  a  week, 
anrl  we  nearly  tore  it  to  pieces  in  our  excite- 
ment. 

STRANGE    SCENES. 

"  The  hospital  itself  presented  an  unusual 
appearance.  Sentries,  with  fixed  bayonets,  sat 
or  stood  at  the  top  and  bottom  of  every  stair- 
case, and  outside  e\ery  ward  in  which  was  a 
Sinn  Feiner;  one  guarded  each  of  the  doors 
oi  Connolly's  room,  and  another  was  in  lis 
room.  Those  who  were  not  on  duty  sat  round 
the  (ire  at  the  top  of  (he  main  staircase,  and 
turned  the  "  baths  "  used  in  peace  times 
tor  palms  and  plants,  into  beds.  There  jre 
Lw.o  of  these  tanks,  and  about  six  men  fitted 
into  each,  time  -„t  either  end,  their  feet  over- 
lapping in  the  middle.  One  man  looked  too 
funny :  in  his  well-worn  khaki  and  muddy 
boots,  his  face  and  hands  very  dirty,  he  slept 
peacefully  on  a  lace-edged  pillow  1  I  did  not 
know  the  hospital  boasted  such  a  smart  one.  • 

"On  Tuesday  morning  we  were  allowed  to 
go  to  early  Service,  held  in  the  Matron's  office 
by  one  of  the  chaplains.  It  was  in  keeping 
with  'active  service.'  The  clergyman  robed 
in  a  corner  of  the  room  ;  the  Bread  and  Wine 
placed  on  an  ordinary  table  covered  with 
a  white  cloth. 

"  The  Boiler  Room,  where  we  filled  our  hot 

i'ars,  was  always  packed  with  Tommies — scnts 
yin;r  full  length  on  the  table,  others  lolling 
round.  The  beloved  goat — I  forget  what  rwgi- 
laei/t  it   belonged  to — made  its  headquarters 


there,  and  the  4th  Hussars*  dog,  which  fc.c.4 
come  up  uninvited. 

"  As  the  hospital  was  three-quarters  empty 
when  the  Rebellion  broke  out,  more  than  half 
the  staff  were  on  leave  and  could  not  return. 
There  were  only  about  thirty  altogether  for 
day  and  night  duty,  and  of  these  seven  had 
to  be  spared  as  waitresses  in  the  buffets.  The 
Matron  and  the  Assistant-Matron  rarely  to.»k 
more  than  one  hour's  rest  in  the  twenty-four 
and,  in  addition  to  the  responsibility  ami 
strain  attached  to  their  posts,  they  took  tre 
place  of  staff  nurses  in  the  wards  when  it  w-is 
necessary. 

"  A  Staff  Nurse  who  developed  appendicitis 
refused  to  give  in  until  the  reinforcements  ar- 
rived. She  probably  saved  several  lives  by 
her  unselfishness,  but  it  very  nearly  cost  her 
own." 


IN  STEPHEN'S  GREEN. 

One  of  the  boldest  acts  of  the  rebelt 
was  their  seizure  of  St.  Stephen's  Green  Park, 
and  the  systematic  way  in  which  they  set 
about  digging  themselves  in.  There  was  no 
parade  about  the  earlier  proceedings.  The 
men  came  up  shortly  after  mid-day  in  twos 
and  threes,  fully  armed,  and  carrying  packs 
on  their  backs,  and  quietly  took  possession  ol 
the  gates,  which  they  locked  against  the 
public.  They  all  seemed  to  have  been  pre- 
viously instructed  as  to  their  duties,  as  they 
at  once  set  to  work.  Guards  were  posted  at 
the  various  gates,  the  ammunition  boxes  were 
opened,  and  their  contents  placed  within  easy 
reach  of  the  guards.  Squads  of  men  were 
told  off  to  clear  cut  members  of  the  public 
who  were  in  th<j  Park  at  the  time,  while  other 
squads  engaged   in  trench   digging. 

Along  St.  Stephen's  green,  North,  the  pre- 
liminary acts  of  the  rebels  were  of  an  equally 
thorough-going  description.  If  one  had  the 
rashness  to  walk  along  the  pathway  outside 
the  railings  one  could  observe  men  lying  in 
the  shrubbery  with  rifles  pointing  outwards. 
One  of  the  armed  men,  carrying  a  revolver  in 
one  hand  and  a  hatchet  in  the  other,  and  at- 
tended by  several  men  carrying  rifles,  came 
out  on  the  roadway,  and  coollv  selected  house* 
in  which  to  post  his  "sharpshooters." 
Having  chosen  his  house,  he  smashed  in  the 
window,  and  ordered  his  men  to  take  post  in 
the  house.  This  was  repeated  in  several  in- 
stances on  the  North  side  of  the  Green,  and 
then  the  leader  and  hia  men  turned 
their  attention  to  the  traffic.  An  effort  was 
made  to  stop  all  wheeled  traffic,  and  if  the 
drivers    did   not   stop    they    were   fired   upon. 

On  Tuesday  the  military  took  up  positions 
in  the  Shelbourne  Hotel  and  other  houses 
overlooking  the  Park  and  vigorous  sniping 
of  the  rebels  followed.  Gradually  they  were 
driven  away  from  the  gates  and  railings. 
They  then  fired  at  the  soldiers  from  trenches 
In  the  interior  of  the  Green,  and  from  the 
•te-nbberies.  Many  casualties  took  place  on 
fcoth  eidas,  the  dead  bodies  of  the  Sinn 
Feiners  beii^  seen  lying  at  full  length  on  the 
ground.     The  military  were  also  sniped  from 

B  4 


19 


the  College  of  Surgeons,  from  Little's  public- 
bouse,   and    from  other   houses. 

Day  after  day,  and  night  after  night,  the 
sniping  continued  until  the  rebels  had  been 
severely  punished.  Towards  the  end  of  the 
•week  the  Green  was  evacuated  during  the 
night,  but  the  firing  continued  from  the  Col- 
lege of  Surgeons,  and  from  other  houses  where 
Sinn  Feiners  were  concealed.  The  Countess 
Markieviecz  was  in  command  of  the  rebels 
L?re. 


INSIDE   THE   ROYAL  COLLEGE   OF 
SURGEONS. 

The  Royal  College  of  Surgeons  in  St. 
Stephen's  Green  was  one  of  the  last  "  forts  " 
to  capitulate.  After  a  week's  occupation  the 
surrender  took  place  at  two  o'clock  in  the 
afternoon  of  Sunday,  the  30th  ult.  Major 
Wheeler,  son  of  the  late  Surgeon  Wheeler, 
accompanied  by  a  force  of  military,  attended 
at  that  hour,  and  was  received  bv  the  rebel 
leader,  the  Countess  Markievicz.  She  was 
still  wearing  top  boots,  breeches,  service  tunic, 
and  .  hat  with  feathers.  In  the  presence  of 
the  military  she  frst  sl.ook  hands  with  her 
"  officers,"  and  then  produced  her  revolver, 
the  military  she  first  shook  hands  with  her 
tionately -kissing  the  weapon,  she  banded  it  to 
Major  Wheeler,  together  with  a  quantity  of 
ammunition,  which  on  examination  was  found 
to  nn.'»u^8  military  and  also  round  nosed  (ex- 
panding) bullets.  The  prisonprs  taken  at 
this  place  numbered  about  110  men  and  young 
women. 

Down  in  the  kitchen  large  quantities  of 
canned  I'ooAs  and  provisions  of  every  descrip- 
tion were  tllscovered  iu  d  sorderf'  array. 
Some  sort  of  discipline  seems  to  have  been 
maintained  in  the  commisariat  department. 
A  slate  was  discovered  on  which  was  in- 
scribed : — 

"  I.R..A.   Orderly  for  this  Kitchen  Miss 

In  her  absence 

Structurally  the  College  suffered  little 
damage,  but  some  of  the  portraits  in  tne 
Boardroom  have  been  irretrievably  ru'ned. 
The  life-sized  portrait  of  Queen  Victoria, 
which  was  painted  by  the  late  S.  Catterson 
Smith,  R.H.A.,  and  placed  in  the  College  in 
18b'7,  in  commemoration  of  Her  Majesty's 
Jubilee,  was  ruthlessly  cut  out  of  the  frame 
and  torn  into  fragments.  The  adjoining  Ex- 
amination Hall  was  used  by  the  rebels  as  a 
sleeping  apartment.  The  carpet  which  formerly 
covered  the  floor  was  cut  into  suitable 
lengths  and  used  as  blankets. 

The  caretaker's  rooms  were  reserved  as  bed- 
rooms for  the  female  invaders.  It  was  here 
that  Countess  Markievicz  slept,  and  she  and 
the  others  appeared  to  have  had  a  partiality  for 
chocolates  and  other  similar  articles,  many 
broken  packages  of  sweetstuffs  being  left 
behind. 

A  gruesome  discovery  was  made  in  the 
Chemical  Lecture  Theatre.  The  space  be- 
neath the  gallery  had  been  converted  into  a 
mortuary,  slabs  for  bodies  being  taken  from 
ijie  Anatomy  Room^  and  benches— originally 

£    1 


in  the  Irish  House  of  Lords — were  taken  from 
the  Examination  Hall  for  seats.  A  rude 
crucifix,  composed  of  black  metal  coffin  breast- 
plates, the  central  plate  bearing  the  letters 
"R-I.P.,"  y.  as  affixed  to  the  wall.  An  elec- 
tric light  wire  was  carried  into  this  mortuary, 
and  other  extensions  of  electric  lighting  we're 
made  in  different  parts  of  the  house,  showing 
that  some  skilled  workmen  were  amongst  th« 
rebels. 

Loot  from  adjoining  shops  was  found  all 
over  the  place — new  dustcoats,  raincoats,  and 
all  sorts  of  male  att're,  as  well  as  articles  of 
women's  apparel.  A  large  number  of  blood* 
stained  sheets  and  towels  were  collected. 


THE  OPERATIONS  AT  TRINITY 
COLLEGE. 

Trinity  College,  Dublin,  in  the  crisis,  proved 
true   to   its   traditions.        The   surprise   which 
was  sprung   upon  the  city   by  the  rebels  left 
the  College   unmoved.      The   garrison    was   at 
the    time'  small,    but    the    spirit    of    the    few 
collegians    who    happened    to    be    within    the 
gates    was    indomitable.     When    the   insurrec- 
tion occurred  the  guard  numbered  eight,   but 
it   was   sufficient  to   hold    the   fort   until   rein- 
forcements   gradually    arrived,    and    by    Wed- 
nesday    the    men    in    College    mustered     the 
respectable   number   of    150.     For   three    days 
the    position    was    extremely    critical.        The 
College,   from   a  strategical   standpoint,   is  of 
^reat   importance,    as   it   commands    the   heart 
of    the    city.     Nassau    street.    Grafton    street, 
Dame    street,   Great   Brunswick   street,    West- 
moreland   street,     and     the    southern    end     of 
Sackville  street      are      all      commanded    from 
Trinity    College,    so    that    its    possession     hv 
members    of    the    Dublin    University    Officers' 
Training  Corps  was  a  sore  thorn   in   the  side 
of  the  rebels.      When   it  wag  realised  that  the 
Sinn    Feiners    were    intent    on    capturing    the 
principal    buildings      in      the      city    the    front 
entrance     was     immediately     barricaded,     and 
messengers     were     hurriedly     despatched     to 
various  parts  to  summon  every  available  man 
to    man    the    fort.     The    responsp    was    imme- 
diate.  Every   graduate   who  could   be   rounded 
up    readily    answered    the    cnll.    with    the    re- 
sult that  the  number  of  the  garrison  stead ilv 
increased.        Stray    soldiers    parsing    through 
Colleae  Green  were  apprised  of  the  situation, 
and   they,    too,    willingly    helped    to    augment 
the  forces. 

A     GALLANT     GARRISON. 

At  seven  o'clock  on  Monday  evening 
the  gallant  garrison  numbered  44  men. 
They  were  supplied  with  uniforms  from  the 
stores  in  the  College,  and  many  others  who 
subsequently  came  in  were  fortunate  in 
bringing  their  uniforms  in  parcels,  thus 
dodging  the  snipers,  who  were  very  active  in 
various  quarters  of  the  city.  The  problem 
set  to  those  who  were  in  charge  was  rather 
difficult.  Would  it  be  beSr-"*  to  concentrate 
the  defenrefc  on  College  Grewn  or  would  ib 
be  advisable  to  watch  the  rebels  who  had 
Seized  the  railway  station  at  Westland  row  t 


iJO 


With  only  44  man,  and  with  a  wide  area 
to  protect,  it  v.  as  not  easy  to  solve  the 
problem.  After  calm  consideration,  how- 
ever, it  was  decided  to  place  guards 
on  the  principal  gates,  and  direct  t'  e  attention 
of  the  main  body  on  the  railway  station. 
Headquarters  were  established  at  the  eastern 
end  of  the  grounds,  with  the  object  of  hold- 
ing the  rectangle  extending  from  College 
Green  to  Westland  row,  and  from  the  Library 
to  Great  Brunswick  street.  Windows  were 
fortified  with  sandbags,  and  every  point  of 
vantage  was  effectively  utilised.  The  distance 
from  the  boundary  wall  to  the  railway  line, 
which  was  being  patrolled  by  the  rebels,  is 
only  about  twenty  yards.  The  operations  dur- 
ing' the  night  were  confined  to  keeping  the 
rebels  in  check,  and  they  proved  eminently 
successful.  On  Tuesday  morning,  when  t.ie 
danger  of  an  attack  from  the  eastern  end  of 
the  grounds  had  been  averted  and  when  the 
force  of  the  garrison  had  be.en  increased,  it 
was  wisely  decided  to  fortify  the  western  end 
at  the  main  entrance  at  College  Green. 

COLONIAL   SHARPSHOOTERS. 

The  upper  windows  were  strongly  barri- 
caded, and  machine  guns  were  placed  in  posi- 
tions on  the  parapet,  while  snipers  took  up 
favourable  positions  on  the  roof.  Dawn  had 
scarcely  appeared  when  the  effect  of  these 
precautions  was  demonstrated.  Rebel  scouts 
on  bicycles  rushed  up  Dame  street  in  an  at- 
tempt "to  get  in  touch  with  St.  Stephen's 
Green,  where  the  rebels  were  entrenched.  The 
leaders,  however,  had  scarcely  turned  the 
corner  of  Grafton  street  when  they  were  laid 
lo-.v  by  well-directed  shots  by  two  Colonial 
sharpshooters.  The  others  scattered  pell-mell 
up  the  side  streets.  Rebel  signers  on  the  roofa 
of  houses  in  Fleet  street  ana  Nassau  street 
vere  speedily  driven  into  their  lairs,  and 
volleys  were  "fired  at  the  General  Post  Office. 
Thus' the  way  was  kept  clear  for  military  opera- 
tions in  the  vicinity,  and  a  constant  fire  was 
maintained  during  the  day.  In  the  afternoon 
the  snw^ garrison,  after  heroic  operations,  was 
relieved  by  regular  troops.  After  that  the 
College  forces  were  confined  to  pioviding  posts 
and  guards  at  various  points. 

During  the  following  week  many  regular 
troops  were  quartered  in  the  College  grounds, 
end  in  this  way  Trinity  has  also  proved  of  in- 
calculabla  advantage  to  the  military  autho- 
rities. To  accommodate  a  brigade  of  infantry, 
a  battery  of  artillery,  and  a  regiment  of 
cavalry  is  surely  something  of  which  the 
College  can  be  proud.  The  spacious  quad- 
rangles and  lawns  afforded  excellent  accom- 
modation for  the  troops,  and  it  was  surely  a 
eigii  that  Trinity  had 'given  itself  wholly  over 
to  the  military  when  one  found  soldiers  play- 
ing   football   on   the   tennis   courts. 

HOW    A    LARKINITE    V/AS  CAUCHT. 

Among  the  troops  who  bad  come  into  the 
College  was  one  man  dressed  in  battered 
fchaki,  without  any  distinguishing  badges. 
His  knowledge  of  military  matters  6eemed 
rudimentary,  which  h»  excused  by  paying  that 
bo  was  in  the  A.S.iX.     Nevertheless,  a  close 


watch  was  kept  on  him,  which  was  not  re- 
laxed when  he  was  suddenly  taken  ill  in  the 
middle  of  the  night;  nor  was  he  allowed  to 
escape  when  he  asserted  that  his  sister  and 
wife  were  dangerously  ill  and  he  wished  to 
go  and  see  how  they  were  progressing.  He 
was  not  allowed  out,  and  in  the  morning  was 
recognised  as  a  man  who  had  been  one  of 
Larkin's  chief  assistants. 


DEADLY   PATTIES   IN   PEMBROKE 
TOWNSHIP. 

Some  of  the  most  desperate  fighting  of  the 
rebellion  took  place  in  Lansdowne  road,  Pem- 
broke road.  Northumberland  road,  Hadding- 
ton road,  and  Mount  street  On  Raster  Mon- 
day a  body  of  rebels,  who  had  taken  pos- 
session of  a  corner  house  at  Haddingt  1 
road  and  Northumberland  road,  fired1 
upon  and  killed  several  members  of  the 
Veterans'  Corps.  The  "  G.K.'s  "  ha&'  been  on  a 
routj  march  during  the  day  to  Trcknock,  and 
were  returning  to  their  headquarters  at 
Beggar's  Bush  Barracks.  The  first  man 
killed  was  hit  by  a  shot  fired  from  the 
railwav  bridge  at  the  end  of  Haddington  road, 
and  the  Veterans  were  the  orjects  of  three 
volleys  fired  by  the  rebels  from  the  hoasa  ia 
Northumberland  road.  Though  the  Veterans 
had  rifles  they  were  entirely  without  ammuni- 
tion. They  made  no  demonstration  against 
the  rebels,  and  were  shot  down  without  any 
warning. 

SOLDIERS     AMBUSHED. 

On  the  same  day  a  body  of  rebels  took  up 
positions  in  the  grounds  of  the  Trinity  Col- 
lege Botanic  Gardens,  which  command 
the  junction  of  Lansdowne  and  Pembroke 
roads.  They  o-cupied  these  positions  with 
little  challenge  until  Wednesday,  when  the 
first  regiment  of  British  troops  tegan  to 
arrive  from  Kingstown.  Early  that  Wed- 
nesday a  battalion  of  Sherwood  Foresters 
marched  up  to  Lansdowne  road,  and  tire  was 
instantly  opened  on  them.  It  was  erroneously 
believed  that  the  rebels  occupied  Can.  brook 
House  as  a  fort,  but  the  fact  is  that  while 
they  entered  it  on  Easter  Monday  they  left 
it  immediately  they  found  there  was  no  back 
lane.  The  soldiers  appear  to  have  been 
taken  by  surprise,  but  although  they  were 
almost  without  cover,  and  the  enemy  fire  was 
welt  directed,  these  young  soldiers,  who  were 
taking  part  in  their  first  action,  fought  with 
conspicuous  coolness  and  bravery.  The  fight 
continued  during  the  day,  and  there  were 
several  military  casualties.  The  dead  and 
wounded  were  taken  to  the  Royal  City  of 
Dublin  Hospital  in  Baggot  street.  The  hos- 
pital resources  were  sorely  tried  during 
the  week,  but  they  rose  nobly  to  the  occa- 
sion. Doctors  and  nurses  were  almost 
in  the  thick  of  the  fighting,  and  risked 
their  lives  many  times  a  day  with  magnificent 
audacity.  A  tribute  must  also  be  paid  to  the 
bravery  of  civilians  in  Pembroke  and 
Northumb^Iand'  ttyad;?,  women  as  well  as 
men,  wrw;  broophi  food  and  drink  to  the 
soldiers  »raen  the  letter  wore  heavily  uudor 
fir©,. 


21 


CLANWILLIAM    riOOSS    BOMBED. 

The  attack  on  Clanwilliam  House  in  Clan- 
william  place  was  one  of  the  fiercest  incidents 
of  the  whole  insurrection  in  Dublin.  At  this 
place  the  house  was  strongly  held,  and  the 
main  body  of  the  Sherwood  Foresters  as  they 
advanced  had  little  or  no  advantage  of  cover. 
Again  they  came  on  with  fine  courage,  and' 
again  they  paid  a  heavy  toll  of  life.  Both 
here  and  at  25  Northumberland  road  che 
Foresters  used  hand  grenades  and  small 
bombs ;  but  the  final  CQup  de  guerre  at  Clan- 
william  House  was  given  by  a  small  party  of 
R. N.R.  men,  who  brought  up  a  Gatiing  gun 
and  cleared  out  the  place  with  six  shots.  The 
house  was  in  iiames  at  9  o'clock.  From  the 
place  some  dead  and  many  wounded  soldiers 
were  taken  to  the  .Royal  City  r'  Dublin 
Hospital. 

The  whole  area  bounded  bv  Lansdowne 
road,  Northumberland  road,  Pembroke  road, 
the  Grand  Canal,  and  Unner  Baggot  street, 
was  throughout  the  week  a  centre  of  the 
fiercest  and  most  persistent  sniping.  When  the 
main  bodv  of  the  rebels  had  surrendereit.  this 
district  was  still  being  terrorised  by  a  small 
body  of  snipers.  The  bullets  hummed  uti  and 
down  the  roads,  and  sentries  warned  pas- 
sengers that  they  were  moving  about  at  their 
own  risk.  The  extinction  of  these  scattered 
handful  of  rebels  was,  of  course,  only  a  matter 
of  time. 

During  Sunday  several  large  bodies  of  pri- 
sorifis  vvpi'e  bronqrht  t^  +be  r"i  litjurv  head- 
quarters in  the  Royal  Dublin  Society's  pre- 
mises at  Ballsbridge.  They  were  strongly 
guarded  tw  soldiers,  an. I  a  white  ilag  was 
en  riied  :-i  front  of  the  procession. 
The  appearance  of  these  prisoners  was  de- 
jected ar.d  miserable  in  the  extreme,  and 
many  of  them  carried  ngly  wounds. 
A  sad  feature  of  these  parties  was  the 
extreme  youth  of  some  of  the  prisoners. 

SNIPERS    AT    BALL!,  BRIDGE. 

News  of  the  surrender  of  the  main  body  of 
the  rebels  was  received  in  Sandymount 
anrl  Ballsbridge,  among  other  suburbs,  at 
about  six  p.m.  on  Saturday,  29th  April,  and 
produced  profound  relief.  This,  however, 
was  short-lived,  for  barely  an. hour  afterwards 
a  party  of  rebels  made  known  their  presence 
near  the  top  of  Serpentine  avenue,  and 
fighting  began  in  that  quarter.  At  about 
half-past  seven,  when  it  was  dusk,  there  was 
the  crackle  of  a  considerable  number  of  shots, 
apparently  from  revolvers  for  the  most  part, 
and  a  heavy  reply  from  military  rifles.  The 
interchange  of  shots  did  not  last  very  long, 
and  gave  the  impression  that  the  rebels  were  , 
retreating  across  the  fields  between  the  main 
road  and  the  railway.  The,re,were  also  some 
bomb  explosions.  ,  The  night,  was  disturbed 
by  ,a  good  deal  of  rifle  firing,  especially  after 
midnight,  a  favourite  time  for  the 
rebels  to  commence  their  business. 
A  good  p&Tt  of  Sunday  passed  peacefully, 
but  at  about  fiye  o'clock  considerable  seiping 
broke  out  again  in  the  neighbourhood,  and 
fighting  was  renewed  with  vigour  for  a  short 

Ew. 


HEAVY  CASUALTIES  AT  MOUNT 
STREET  BRIDGE. 

The  fighting  in  the  vicinity  of  Mount 
street  Bridge  was  exceptionally  heavy.  On 
Easter  Monday,  about  mid-dav,  the  rebels 
occupied  Boland's  Bakery,  and"  at  the  same 
time  turned  out  the  resident  apothecary  of 
the  Grand  Canal  Dispensary,  which  is  haid 
by.  The  next  hostile  act  was  the  breaking 
open  some  large  holes  in  the  walls  of  the 
bakery  directly  opposite  the  entrance  to  Sir 
Patrick  Dun's  Hospital.  About  three  o'clock 
in  the  afternoon  the  rebels  shot  dead  in 
front  of  the  hospital  a  Scots  Guard  named 
Peter  Ennis,  who  wa3  home  on  leave.  He 
was  out  for  a  walk  at  the  time,  and  was 
quite  unaware  of  the  presence  of  the  rebels. 

On  Tuesday  morning,  25th  April,  a  man 
in  the  hospital,  whose  head  was  bound  up, 
as  he  was  suffering  from  erysipelas,  while 
looking  out  of  one  of  the  front  windows  of 
the  hospital,  was  shot  at  from  Boland's 
Bakery,  the  bullet  passing  quite  close  to  hi.* 
head.  On  the  same  morning  Mr.  R.  Waters, 
of  Monkstown,  was  shot  deaxl  at  Mount  street 
Bridge,  while  being  driven  to  Dublin  in  a 
motor  car  by  a  captain  of  the  R.A.M.C. 
Neither  Mr.  Waters  nor  the  captain  were 
armed,  and  the  car  was  not  challenged  or 
asked  to  stop.  Fortunately  the  R.A.M.C. 
captain  escaped. 

The  total  casualties  treated  during  Easter 
week  in  Sir  Patrick  Dun's  Hospital  was 
142 — 73  military  and  69  civilians.  Of  the 
military,  10  were  either  dead  on  arrival  or 
subseqaently  succumbed.  Eleven  of  the 
civilians  were  either  dead  on  arrival  or  died 
afterwards.  Nearly  all  of  these  casualties 
occurred  in  the  vicinity  of  Mount  street 
Bridge,  and  they  were  brought  into  the 
hospital  through  the  Sir  Patrick  Dun's 
Nursing  Home  in  Lower  Mount  street,  from' 
which    there    is    a    passage    to    the    hospital. 

GIRL      WINS      MILITARY      MEDAL. 

Sir  John  Maxwell  in  his  despatch,  specially 
referred  to  the  seventy  of  the  fighting  at 
Mount  street  Bridge,  "where,"  lie  said,  "'our 
heaviest  casualties  occurred."  He  further  said 
he  should  "  like  to  mention  the  gallant  assist- 
ance given  by  a  number  of  medical  men,  ladies, 
nurses  and  women  servants,  who  at  great 
risk  brought  in  and  tended  to  the  wTounded." 
Early  in  1917,  in  a  list  of  military  honours 
issued  by  the  War  Office  there  appeared  the 
name  of  Miss  Louisa  Nolan^  who  was  awarded 
the  Military  Medal.  Miss  Nolan  tended  quite 
a  number  of  wounded  officers  and  men  during 
the  fighting  at  Mount  street  Bridge,  on  the 
Wednesday  of  Easter  week,  and  brought  water 
and  other  comforts  to.  the  soldiers,  while 
bullets  were  flying  ihick  through  the  air. 
Miss  No'an's  conduct  was  highly  spoken  of 
at  the  time  of  the  occurrence,  and  great , satis-, 
faction, was  ».*y_*arf£4  wnen  it  became  lrpwn 
that  she  had  been  awarded  the  Military 
Medal. 


22 


FIRST   BLOOD   FOR  THE   V.T.C. 

The  Irish  Volunteer  Training  Corps,  or  the 
"G.R.'s"  by  which  they  were  better  known, 
were  the  first  Volunteers  to  have  the  honour 
of  shedding  their  blood  in  their  country's  cause. 
On  Monday,  April  24th,  the  1st  (Dublin)  Bat- 
talion paraded  at  Beggar's  Bush  Barracks. 
There  were  four  companies  composed  of  the 
Irish  Rugby  Union  Football  Corps,  the  St. 
Andrew's  Corps,  the  Dublin  Veterans  Corps, 
the  Glasnevin  Corps,  as  well  as  City  and  Rail- 
way Corps,  and  some  motor  cyclists.  The 
whole  force,  in  spite  of  the  number  of  units, 
was  only  about  a  hundred  and  twenty  strong. 
It  marched  out  cf  Dublin  to  'lick- 
nock  and  took  part  in  some  field 
exercises  in  which  the  object  was  to 
drive  back  a  force  of  Kingstown  and  Grey- 
stones  Volunteers.  We>  imagine  that  what 
followed  is  the  only  case  on  record  of  a  sham 
fight  turning  into  the  real  thing. 
Early  in  the  afternoon  the  sham  fight  was 
o\er.  and  the  V.T.C.  of  both  sides  began  to 
march  back  to  their  quarters.  Then  came  to 
the  Dubh'n  Volunteers  the  amazing  news  that 
the  Sinn  Feiners  were  ;n  revolt,  and  that 
several  buildings  in  Dublin  were  in  their 
hands.  Major  Harris,  the  commander  of  the 
1st  Dublin  Battalion  decided  without  a 
moment's  hesitation  what  to  do.  The 
battalion  marched  for  an  hour  and  twenty 
minutes  without  a  halt,  and  in  this  time 
covered  the  distance  from  Ticknock  to 
Beggar's  Bush  Barracks,  which  they  ap- 
proached about  4  p.m.  They  found  the 
barracks  being  besieged,  and  on  approach- 
ing them  came  under  a  sharp  fire  from  the 
Sinn  Feiners,  who  occupied  (he  uilway 
bridge  which  commands  Haddington 
road.  They  had  no  ammunition  for 
their  rifles;  they  did  not  even  carry 
bayonets.  Meanwhile  their  "  G  R."  bras- 
sards made  them  easy  targets.  Their  com- 
mander with  an  advance  party  managed  to 
enter  the  barracks  by  the  front  entrance,  tak- 
ing with  him  Corporal  Clery  of  A  Company, 
who  was  mortally  wounded.  The  remainder  of 
the  "olumn  was  ordered  to  retire  up  Lans- 
downe  lane — a  difficult  and  trying  movement 
which  wad  -Tarried  out  with  complete  steadi- 
ness. 1  his  part  of  ti.e  column  made  its  way 
to  the  back  of  tjie  barracks  ft 
the  rear  of  Northumberland  road, 
marching  in  single  fiie  till  a  place  was 
reached  where  it  seemed  possible  to  climb 
over  the  wall.  Eighty-one  men  and  nine 
officers  climbed  over  and  joined  the  besieged 
garrison.  There  were  only  seventeen  Lee- 
Enfield  rifles  in  the  barracks,  and  the  Volun- 
teers had  ©2?y  six  whicn  would  take  the  .303 
cartridge.  The  Volunteers  were  instructed 
to  use  their  old  Italian  rifles  as  clubs  if  the 
Sinn  Feiners  attempted  to  rush  them.  A 
member  of  the  battalion  who  had  not  taken 
part  in  the  clay's  exercises  nluckily  came  to 
the  barracks  in  plain  clothes,  bringing  a.  few 
more  rifles.  Firing  was  kept  up  by  th:  energy 
from  the  houses  in  No^tnumberlffrtd 
road,  nrr  ;  especially  from  No.  25,  at  the 
corner  of  Haddington  road.     It  was  from  this 


house  that  fire  was  opened  on  the  remainder 
of  the  Volunteers,  numbering  about  forty  ofc 
all  ranks,  commanded  by  Mr.  F.  H.  Browning, 
with  such  fatal  results,  Lur  being  killed  and  line 
wounded.  The  trees  on  the  road  afforded  *. 
slight  temporary  protection  to  others  of  thi* 
body,  but  they  got  shelter  in  neighbouring 
houses.  The  occupiers  of  Mos.  29,  31,  ana 
53  took  in  several  till  they  were  able  to  pro- 
ceed home.  AH  the  wounded  "G.R.'s" 
except  two  were  dressed  at  No.  31,  and  here 
also  all  the  others,  with  one  exception,  were 
supplied  with  change  of  clothing.  In  No.  33 
the  Sherwood  Foresters  had'  a  dressing  station 
all  day  on  -Wednesday,  2bth.  '1  wo 
N.C.O.'s  of  B  company  managed  to  get  down 
the  lane  behind  Northumberland  road  and 
over  the  w-all  into  barracks.  Mr.  Edward 
Webb,  Commandant  of  C  Company  (Glas- 
nevin), ran  for  the  front  gate  of  the  barracks,' 
keeping  close  to  the  wall,  and  got  in  unhurt. 

CONTINUOUS    SNIPiN  JS. 

No  attacks  were  made  on  the  barracks  save  by 
rifle  fire  from  these  and  other  distant  points, 
and,  so  far  from  the  garrison  being  besieged, 
motors    with    rations    and    stores    and     other 
vehicles    went    in    and    out,    but   not    without 
corning  now  and  then  under  fire.     On  Monday 
evening  Colonel   Sir  Frederick   Shaw7,   D.S.O.,, 
Commanding    the    2nd     (Garrison)     Battalion 
R.I.    Fusiliers,    drove   in   in   his   trap,   and  his 
coachman  drove  in  arid  out  on  subsequent  days. 
The  intensity  of  the  fire  varied  from  hour  tc 
hour;   the  sniping  increased  towards  evening 
and    rendered    the    crossing    of    the    barracl 
square  hazardous  at  times.     The  only  casualty 
that  occurred  out  of  doors   was  on    Wednesday 
the  26th  ult.,  when  Mr.  R.   A.  Anderson   wai 
wounded  by  a  charge  of  buckshot  while  in  thi 
"  detention  "  post,  commanding  the  corner  o 
Northumberland   road    and    Haddington   road 
He  was  taken   to   1'ortubello   Hospital.      Hap 
pily,  the  wounds  were  not  serious,  and  he  re 
appeared   with   his  arm   in   a   sling  before  th< 
force  left  barracks  on  Tuesday,  2nd  May. 

Later  i.i  the  week  Mr  Joseph  Hosford,  of  ( 
Company,  was  killed  in  the  barrack  room.  Hi 
had  go.ie  up  to  get  his  overcoat,  and  stood  fo 
a  moment  opposite  a  window.  A  bullet  cam 
through  the  glass  and  went  through  his  body. 

Mv.  Charles  Dickinson,  commandant  of  1 
Company,  and  a  few  others  made  their  wa; 
intj  the  bairack^  on  the  Tuesday,  am 
on  Wednesday  afternoon  the  garrison  wa 
strengthened  by  a  party  of  the  Notts  an 
Derby  Territorials,  who  had  landed  at  Kings 
iown  that  morning  and  marched  in  to  Balls 
bridge.  They  knew  nothing  of  the  district 
much  less  of  the  existence  of  the  barracks 
but  fortunately  for  them  they  came  dow; 
Shelbourne  road,  and  were  seen  by  tb 
sentries  on  the  Shelbourne  post.  Word  wa 
passed  down  the  line  of  sentries,  and  the 
halted.  A  ladder  was  let  down  over  the  wall 
which  is  very  high  above  the  road,  and  the 
climbed  into  barracks,  heavily  laden  as  the; 
were.  Most  of  them  had  been  only  threi 
months  in  training  at  Watford,  and  some  h 
never  fired  a  service  rifle  save  at  a  miniat 
ranp  s.      They    were   used    to   strengthen 


■a ;- 


23 


uards.  Later  in  the  afternoon  an  attempt 
vas  made  to  dislodge  the  Sinn  Feiners  from 
he  railway,  but  the  latter  were  too  strongly 
ntrenched.  Sergeant-Major  Gamble,  from 
be  garrison,  accompanied  the  sortie  party, 
nd  was  killed  on  the  line,  while  Lieutenant 
errard,  R.F.A.,  who  was  in  command  of  the 
arty,  was  severely  wounded  in  the  right  arm. 

SHORT    RATIONS. 

Food  supplies  began  to  run  short,  and  the 
len  were  put  on  half  rations.  The  canteen, 
here  such  things  as  tinned  meats,  biscuits, 
inerals,  tobacco,  and  matches  were  at  first 
>  be  had,  gave  out,  and  it  was  only  in  the 
st  couple  of  days  that  fresh  supplies  came 
I  The  Volunteers  and  the  Tommies  took 
leir  meals  together:  breakfast  at  8,  dinner 
tween  12  and  1,  and  tea  at  5.  Each  guard 
as  on  for  four  hours  in  the  day  and  four 
)urs  at  night.  Subsequently,  as  an  extra 
ecaution,  and  to  ensure  th»  men  being  ready 
r  duty  at  the  appointed  hour,  they  slept  in 
e  verandah  instead  of  in  the  barrack  rooms. 
)r  example,  the  guards  on  duty  from  1-5 
m.  went  to  the  verandah  at  9  p.m.,  and  the 
9  a.m.  guards  at  1  a.m.  Sunday  was  not  a 
!,y  of  rest.  Sniping  went  on  on  both  sides, 
wo  Services  were  held  in  the  church, 
irgeant  Robinson,  of  A  Company,  acted  as 
aplain,  and  preached  a  stirring  sermon  in 
e  morning,  taking  as  his  text,  "  Keep  your 
ads  down  and  your  hearts  up."  At  first 
e  men  had  to  sleep  on  the  floor  ;  afterwards 
uare  cushions,  popularly  known  as 
biscuits"  from  their  shape,  were  provided, 
d  blankets  later  on.  Fortunately,  fine 
father  prevailed  all  the  time,  and  the  nights 
m  not  cold,  considering  the  time  of  year. 


BOMBARDMENT  OF  LIBERTY  HALL. 

For  many  years  past  Liberty  Hall  has  been 
horn  m  the  side  of  the  Dublin  Police  and 
b  Irish  Government.  It  was  the  centre  of 
ial  anarchy  in  Ireland,  the  brain  of  every 
and  disturbance.  When  it  was  deter- 
ned  to  U£.e  artillery  to  defeat  the  rebels 
Derty  Hall  was  singled  out  for  the  first 
get,  both  because  of  its  great  notoriety  and 
ause  it  and  two  neighbouring  houses  were 
ongiy  heln1  by  the  insurgents. 
3n  luesday,  25th  April,  artillery  arrived  in 
nity  College,  and  it  -\as  decided  to  start  the 
lling  next  morning.  *•  But  the  recoil  of 
dern  artillery  is  so  violent  that,  in  spite 
the  buffer,  it  is  necessary  to  fix  the  trail  of 

_un  in  the  ground.       Under  ordinary  cir- 
nstanees    th-i    '-ecoil   drives   a  spade-shaped 
Jte  of  iron  on  the  trail  into  the  ground ;  but 

streets  of  Dublin,  being  paved,  prevented 
3  arrangement  from  woi'king.     Accordingly 

as  nects-sary  to  dig  up  the  cobble  stones 
ore  the   guns  could   ctme  into  action,  and 

closeness  of  the  range  fron~  which  it  had 
n  determined  to  fire  (some  250  yards)  made 
Fairly    certain    ti  it   any   working    party  of 

iers  would  be  shot  down  before  their  task 

completed.  However,  it  was  thought  pos- 
e  to  employ  men  in  civilian  clothes,  and 
n  the  early  hours  of  Wednesday  morning 


six  volunteers  from  Trinity  College — partly 
civilians  and  partly  members  of  the  O.T.C. — 
Btarted  out  to  d.'g  holes  for  the  trails  near 
Butt  Bridge,  at  the  end  of  Tara  street. 

DUBLIN'S    TOUGH    STREETS. 

Armed  with  two  picks,  two  crowbars,  and 
two  spades  thev  began  to  work.  But  the  task 
proved  unexpectedly  difficult.  Dublin  streets 
are  paved  with  cobble  stones  some  six  inches 
long  by  four  wide,  and  at  least  six  or  seven 
inches  deep.  These  are  set  in  a  cement  of  tar, 
and  are  placed  so  close  to  each  other  that 
there  is  no  room  for  a  pick  to  enter  between 
them.  After  half  an  hour  only  one  stone  had 
been  removed  in  ej,eh  position,  and  one  crow- 
bar had  been  broken.  Accordingly  a  message 
was  sent  back  for  reinforcements  and  new 
tools. 

Meanwhile  the  inhabitants  of  the  ne'ghhour- 
ing  houses  v>ere  much  perplexed  as  to  what 
was  going  on,  and  incredulous  of  the  ex- 
planation that  the  gas  supply  of  Trinity  had 
failed  and  some  attempt  was  being  made  to 
put  it  right.  The  arrival  of  soldiers,  who 
formed  up  in  the  cover  of  the  side  streets  and 
took  possession  of  the  corner  house  to  cover 
the  digging  party  caused  them  further  alarm 
and  curiosity. 

13-POUNDER3     FROM     TRINITY. 

Unfortunately,  in  Trinity  College  further 
tools  were  not  procurable,  and  as  delay 
seemed  undesirable  it  was  determined  to 
attack  at  once,  utilising  what  holes  had  been 
made.  The  guns  cantered  out  by  the  Bruns- 
wick street  gate,  and  came  swiftly  along  Tara 
street.  When  they  rear1 -^  thf>  two  side 
streets  which  intersect  it,  about  thirty  yards 
from  th*>  quays,  they  turned  off  into  these 
and  unlimbered,  the  ammunition  limbers 
being  left  there,  while  the  guns  were  man- 
handled into  tile  prepared  positions  The 
volunteers  from  Trinity  College  left  their  work, 
and  three  of  them  formed  a  party  to  carry 
ammuntion  from  the  side  streets  to  the  cuns. 

The  two  13-pounders  opened  fire  almost 
simultaneously.  At  the  first  report  every 
pane  of  glass  in  the  street  w^s  shattered,  and 
even  in  Trinity  College  the  solid  buildings 
seemed  to  quake  under  thon  who  were  lining 
the  parapets.  Machine  guns  placed  on  the 
tower  of  the  Fire  Station,  the  Custom  House, 
and  the  Tivoli  mixed  their  noise  with  that  of 
the  rifles,  to  form  an  indescribable  and 
hideous  medley  of  sound  almost  deafening  the 
gunners  in  the  narrow  Tara  street.  Liberty 
Hall  and  the  adjacent  houses  were  -wreathed 
in  dust  and  smoke,  and  appe&,;sej  to  be  reply- 
ing vigorously  from  machine  guns  and  rifles. 
This  was  subsequently  discovered  not  to  be 
the  case,  as  the  rebels  had  got  wind  of  the 
move,  and  partially  evacuated  then  position 
on  the  previous  night.  Shell  after  shell  was 
fired,  throwing  down  a  portion  of  Northum- 
berland House,  and  making  fc-c  ethers  mere 
empty  shells. 

SHELLED    FROM  1  HE    »«:.VER. 

On  Wednesday,  the  26th  April,  the 
steamer  Helga,  which  was  formerly  a 
police  patrol  boat  belonging  to  the  Fisheries 


24 


Department,  and  lately  employed  by  the  J.d- 
miralty  in  connection  with  the  war,  was 
brought  up  the  LiSey,  and  anc1.  red  nearly 
opposite  the  Custom  House,  with  the  inten- 
tion of  bombarding  Liberty  Hall,  the 
headquarters  of  the  Citizen  Army. 
As  most  people  are  aware,  the  loop  line  rail- 
way bridge  intervenes  between  the  Custom 
House  ancl  Liberty  Hall,  and  in  addition  to 
this  formidable  obstruction  to  the  line  of  ere 
one  of  Guinness"  s  steamers  was  lying  ;lo?e  to 
Butt  Bridge.  It  was  impossible  under  these 
conditions  to  bring  direct  rire  to  bear  upon 
the  objective.  The  gunners  o  the  Helga 
were  accordingly  obliged  to  adopt  a 
plan  of  dropping  fire.  The  military 
in  occupation  of  the  Custom  House 
prepared  to  co-operate,  and  by  remov- 
ing poitions  of  the  wall  facing  Liberty  Hall 
were  able  to  obtain  effective  positions  for 
their  machine  guns. 

The  bombardment  commenced  about  eight 
o'clock  in  the  morning,  and  for  over  an  hour 
a  continuous  cannonade  was  maintained. 
There  was  no  return  fire  from  the  rebels,  \,  ho 
were  supposed  to  be  in  occupation  of  Liberty 
Hall,  but  the  bombardment  caused  intense  ex- 
citement in  the  district,  where  there  is  a  large 
population  of  the  poorer  class  of  residents. 
"With  every  <hot  the  houses  were  shaken, 
and  the  people  were  almost  panic  stru  ken 
Aftc  the  expenditure  of  a  great  amount 
of  ammunition,-  the  iritlgt.  withdrew  further 
down  the  river.  It  was  then  seen  that  the 
outer  shell  <  f  Liberty  Hall  had  been  very 
little  damaged.  AH  the  windows  had  been 
blown  in,  but  the  surrounding  brickwork  was 
only  sligliilj  injured.  The  interior  however, 
was  a  mass  of  rJefiri*.  The  adjoining 
premises,  known  a^  Northumberland  House, 
were  badly  damaged.  It  was  stated  that  dur- 
ing the  previous  night  the  "  garrison  "  had 
been  warned  of  the  approach  of  the  H<?<ga, 
and  made  good  their  escape. 

SOME    DliSCOVERIES. 

An    examination   of   the   remains   of  Liberty 

Hall    rewarded    the    searchers    by    yielding    a 

number  of  important  documents.     A   printing 

press  (tad   been  installed  there,  and  from  this 

[►lace  the  literature  of  the  rebellion  seems  to 
iave  been  issued.  Some  of  the  "  finds  "  in- 
cluded I'liiiimi." >•■•'....  dated  Faster  Sunday,  and 
signed  bj  members  of  the  *'  Staff,"  appointing 
certain  named  |><t  sons  to  commands  in  the 
"Citizens'  Army;*/  Bundles  of  the  proclama- 
tion declaring  Ireland  a  Republic  were  also 
di><  <i\  ered. 

Another  important  "find"  in  Liberty  Hall 
was  a  lart:*-  i  uml  er  of  copies  of  the. document 
which  was  read  .\1  the  meeting  of  Dublin 
(  orporatior.  on  the  19th  April.  At  that  meeting 
certain  of  the  members  of  the  Council  de- 
i  ounced  the  Government  as  the  authors  of  the 
leaflet,  hut  the  discovery  made  in  the  printing 
ion m  of  Liberty  Hall  puts  a  new 
c<  mplexiOD  on  the  n  :. Her.  /'his  docu- 
ment purported  to  be  n  statement  of 
/cctain  '*  precautionary  measures"  which 
"apic  to  be  put  into  force  hy  the  military  on 
ieceiving  an  order  from   Dublin  Cattle.     The 


military  were  to  take  charge  of  the  city,  cer- 
tain premises  were  to  be  seized,  and  others 
were  to  be  isolated. 


GUNBOAT    IN    ACTION    AT    RINGSEND. 

Ringsend  was  the  r^ene  of  warm  work  dura 
ing  the  rebelbon.  On  Easter  Monday  the 
Volunteers  appeared  m  force  at  several  points  I 
in  the  district.  That  they  had  laid  their  plans 
well  was  seen  Ly  the  commanding  positions 
they  took  up.  Boland's  Mill,  a  high  stone 
builhng  overlooking  the  Basin  of  the  Grand 
Canal  and  affording  a  wide  view  over  the 
river  mouth,  was  one  of  their  main  strong- 
holds, and,  as  events  proved,  one  of  the 
hardest  to  overcome.  Having  taken  posses- 
sion, the  rebels  lost  :io  time  in  fortifying  the 
wails  around  the  mill  by  placing  upon  them 
bags  of  flour  to  protect  themselves  against 
attackers'  bullets.  About  the  same  time  an-' 
other  party  took  over  the  old  distillery  on  the 
other  side  o1-  '-.he  drawbridge,  a  id  prepared  for 
resistance  me  threes  of  the  Crown.  A  third 
uody  went  into  a  field  at  the  Gas  Works. 
Other  strategic  positions  which  the  rebels 
occupied  were  the  bridges  on  the  railwr  •  hne 
from  Westland  row  to  ^ansdowne  road.  These 
naturally  commanded  the  approaches  to  the  dis- 
trict, and  ma  ^e  it  impossible  for  military  to 
enter  Rir.gsend  directly  without  having  to 
'"■ass  through  the  line  of  fire  c'  concealed  line- 
men. 


FIRIN3    ON    BEGGARS    RUSH    BARRACKS. 

In  this,  as  in  other  parts  of  Dublin,, 
the  insurgents  had  evidently  in  mind  the  im- 
portance of  concentrating  upon  any  military 
barracks  from  which  an  attempt  might  be 
made  to  subdue  them.  Heine,  the  men  whg 
held  the  positions  described  fired  heavily  upon 
Beggar's  Bush  Barracks,  and  caused  some 
loss  to  the  loyalists  Such  was  the  situation 
in  the  early  days  of  the  rising. 

The  rebels  had  prepared  themselves  so  wel 
for  their  work,  were  so  daring, 
and  in  such  number,  that  they  suspended 
the  normal  Lfo  of  the  district  for 
an  entire  week.  Wi  '  the  best  will  in 
Lie  world,  it  was  ;  Jt  an.  ays  possible  to  dis- 
tinguish harmless  persons  from  the  foes  df 
public  peace  and  order;  and  when  machine 
guns  came  into  action  the  likelihood  of  being 
struck  by  a  stray  bullet  was  increased.  To 
defeat  the  '  desperate  men  who  fired  from 
strong  buildings  like  Loland's  Mill  and  Rings- 
erd  Distillery  more  than  ri He  fire  was  wanted. 
This  mode  of  attack  they  had  foreseen,  but  l| 
is  doubtful  whether  they  had  calculated  i.  i 
the  use  of  heavy  guns  ;  rainst  them.  At  eaJ 
point  wl.cre  ordnance  was  brougnt  up  the  ti(A 
of  fortune  quickly  turned:  a  Martini  Henry 
rifle  or  an  automatic  pistol  is  a  poor  weapon 
in  the  face  of  a  nine-pounder  handled  by  goij 
gunners. 

THE    HELGA    IN    ACTION. 

At  Ringsend  the  heavy  guns  w~r« 
us 'd  not  on  land,  but  Irom  water.  Or 
Wednesday  the  gunboat  Helga  c«me  up  tn« 
Lifley  and   joined   battle   with   the  iuauigentl 


26 


sheltered  in  Liberty  Hall.      To    the   Helga  also 

fell  the  duty  of  coping  with  the  rebel  fortresses 
at  Ringsend.  The  gunboat  did  that  dutv  well, 
and  has  left  its  mark  upon  totb  buildings. 
What  the  Volunteers  withm  thought  of  the 
bombardment  has  not  yet  been  disclosed.  But 
it  is  easily  realised  that  the  heavy  firing 
brought  great  uneasiness  to  the  good  folk  of 
Ringsend. 

With  the  surrender  of  the  rebels 
in  the  mill  and  the  distillery  the  rising  in  this 
quarter  of  Dublin  was  not  altogether  at  an 
end  There  were  still  stragglers  who  had  not 
heard  or  did  not  accept  their  leaders'  order  to 
desist.  The  most  obdurate  were  on  the  rail- 
way,and  it  was  not  until  the  following  Monday 
that  the  military  occupied  the  line.  Dunne;  1.J3 
week  of  rebellion  there  were  many  narrow 
escapes  and  %  ftw  sad  deaths  in  Ringsend. 
While  bullets  wue  flying  through  the  streets, 
only  an  urgent  necessity  could  force  the  law- 
abiding  to  go  their  customary  ways.  Before 
much  of  the  week  had  parsed  the  need  arose 
in  the  form  of  food.  The  poor  buy  their  food 
in  small  quantities;  thev  had  no  store  upon 
which  to  draw.  Some  went  to  seek  sustenance. 
Of  their  number  was  an  old  woman  who  ven- 
tured forth  alone.  She  got  her  bread  in  a 
time  when  bread  was  scarce — four  loaves ;  but 
she  never  reached  her  home  again,  for,  as  she 
crossed  Victoria  Bridge,  she  met  with  ths 
bullet  that  brought  her  life  to  an  end.  .An- 
other death  of  the  kind  occurred  on  Saturday, 
when  a  man  was  shot  at  the  Ringsend  Bottle 
Works.  The  work  of  bearing  the  wounded 
was  fraught  with  no  little  danger;  as  the 
Pembroke  Ambulance  was  approaching 
London  Bridge  part  of  the  seat  was  shot 
away. 

THE    SURRENDER. 

Dr.  Myles  Keogh,  who,  in  company  with  Mr. 
L.  G.  Redmond  Howard  and  others,  acted  so 
bravely  in  rescuing  the  wounded,  tells  of  the 
actual  incident  of  the  surrender  of  Ue  Valera 
near  Ringsend.  Dr.  Keogh  had  just  returned 
at  half-past  twelve  from  Glasnevin  Cemetery, 
where  he  conveyed  under  the  Red  Cross  flag 
the  remains  of  a  civilian  who  had  been  fatally 
wounded  at  Mount  street  Bridge.  Dr.  Keogh 
had  dismounted  from  the  hearse  and  entered 
the  hall  of  Sir  Patrick  Dun's  Hospital,  when 
two  men  came  out  of  the  Poor  Law  Dispensary 
oposite,  in  which  the  Sinn  Feiners  were 
installed.  One  was  a  military  cadet  who 
had  been  captured  by  the  Sinn 
Feiners,  the  other  was  the  Sinn  Fein  leader 
De  Valera.  "Hullo!''  cried  De  Valera. 
"Who  are  you?"  replied  Dr.  Myles  Keogh. 
The  response  was,  "  I  am  De  Valera,"  from 
one,  and  from  the  ether  it  was;  "I  am  a 
prisoner  for  the  n^st  five  days.  They  want  to 
surrender."  De  Valera  asked  permission  to  use 
the  hospital  telephone,  in  order  to  communi- 
cate with  the  military  authorities.  Dr. 
Keogh  sent  for  Sir  Arthur  Ball,  M.D.,  who 
informed  De  Valera  that  the  telephone  com- 
munication had  been  cut  off,  and  suggested 
that  he  should  proceed  to  the  nearest  mili- 
tary position,  at  the  head  of  O  rattan  street, 
off   Lower   Mount   street.     De    Valera   did  ao 


and  after  some  preliminaries  the  Sinn  Feiners 
were  marched  out  of  the  dispensary  and  up 
Urattan  street.  At  the  opening  of  surrender 
negotiations   De   Valera   said   to  the  military 

V  ou  may  shoot  me,  but  my  men  must  be  un- 
molested when  surrendering."  An  exbnminn 
attributed  to  De  Valera  at  "the  sunder  was 

It  only  the  people  had  come  out  with  knives 
and  forks,  but  afterwards  this  statement  was 
said  to  have  been  made  earlier  in  the  proceed 
ingsto  an  employe  of  Messrs.  Boland's,  who 
had  been  detained  by  the  Sinn  Feiners  to  at- 
tend to  that  firm  s  horses." 


AT  PORTOBELLO  BRIDGE. 

One      of      the      most      exciting      of      the 
events    of    the    early    part   of    Easter    Monday 
took   place  at   Portobello   Bridge    resulting 
the     wrecking    of    Davy's    public  house   ^nd 
injury    to    at    least    four    persons.         It    was 
shortly    after    mid-day    when    the    rebels    an 
peared    on    the    scene         They    at    once    took 
possession    of    the    publichouse,      which      com 
mands    the    approaches    to    the    bridge     and" 
posted   their   men   at   the   windows.     Some  of 
the    rebels    were    outside    on     the    footpath 
and   a  military   officer   who    was   passing   was 
fired    at.     He   returned   to   the   barracks"    and 
a    strong    armed    guard    turned    out      '   The 
soldiers   were   subjected- to   some   volley  firing 
from  the  windows  of  the  publichouse  'as  thev 
approached   the   bridge,    but  the  men   quickly 
took  cover    at    the    bridge    wall,    from    which 
position     they     returned     the     fire     of       the 
rebels.        The  heavy   firing  doubtless  alarmed 
the    authorities    in    the    barracks,    as    strong- 
reinforcements,     with     machine     guns,     were 
rushed      up,      to      the      accompaniment      0f 
the    hearty    cheering    of    the    crowds    on    the 
Rathmines   road.        The    people   on    the   road- 
way   were    in    great   danger,    and    Superinten- 
dent   Kiernan    and    Station -Sergeant    Crosbie 
with    a   force   of    police,    had    a    busy   time   en- 
deavouring   to    keep    them    out    of    rifle    shot 
The    tramway    wires    had    been    cut    at    the 
bridge,    and    long    lines    of   cars    were   drawn 
up  on  the  roadway      Meanwhile  the  military 
had  quickly  matured  their  plans.     An  attack 
on  .the    publichouse    was    decided    upon     and 
led    by   a   senior   officer,    the  soldiers   at   once 
advanced   to  the  _"  fortress."       Applying  the 
butt-ends    of    their    rifles,    they    soon    hacked 
their   way   through   the   plate   glass   windows, 
and    rushed      into      the      house,    which    they 
searched   from   garret   to  cellar,   only   to  find, 
as       was        supposed,        that        the        rebels 
had         made        good        their        escape.         In 
the      attack      the      officer    commanding    was 
wounded,    but    not    seriously.     A    soldier    also 
sustained    a    bullet    wound    on    the    face.      He 
was  taken  off  to  the  military  hospital   in  the 
barracks    In  the    earlier  part  of  the  shooting 
Constable   Myles,  99   E,   was  shot  in  the   left 
wrist.      He   received   first  &id   at   Dr.   Joyce's 
surgery       close       by,       and       later  on       was 
removed       to       hospital.       A       civilian,     who 
was       too       venturesome,       and       who      wac 
being        shepherded        by        Superintendent 


25 


Kiernan  into  comparative  safety,  was  also 
shot  by  the  rebels.  The  bullet  just  grazed 
the  officer's  body  and  struck  the  civilian,  hap- 
pilv  inflicting  only  a  slight  wound.  Both 
men  had  a  narrow  escape  from  being  killed. 
Li  the  afternoon  the  military  took  charge 
of  the  streets  leading  to  Fortobello  Bridge, 
and  stopped  all  traffic. 

AT  JACOBS   FACTORY. 

At  Jacob's  bakery  establishment  in  Peter 
street  a  considerable  body  of  the  rebels 
entrenched  themselves  behind  bags  of 
flour,  which  they  had  placed  in  win- 
dows in  the  upper  flats,  and  from  this  j.  lace 
ol  comparative  safety  they  steadily  discharged 
ehots,  aimed  rrainly  in  the  direction  of  Ship 
street  military  barracks,  which  stands  in  the 
hollow  between  the  bakery  and  the  rear  of 
the  Castle.  It  was  extremely  difficult  to 
come  to  close  quarters  with  them,  for  the 
bakery  is  surrounded  by  houses  which 
hamper  access  to  the  building.  A  narrow 
lane  runs  close  to  one  of  it  sides,  but  to  enter 
it  would  have  proved  a  death-trap  to  the 
soldiers.  Gradually,  however,  the  soldiers 
succeeded  in  overcoming  their  difficulties,  and 
by  wearing  down  the  defence  of  the  rebels 
compelled  them  to  give  up  what  they  rightly 
recognised  was  for  them  a  hopeless  struggle. 
A  number  of  deaths  occurred  at  this  placv 
1  he  surrender  took  place  on  Sunday,  30th 
April.  It  was  a  member  of  the  Carmelite 
Order  from  Whitefriar  street  who  was  in- 
strumental in  persuading  them  to  \ield.  Amid 
the  cheers  of  the  crowd  gathered  about  the 
building,  the  clergyman  was  hoisted  by  a 
number  of  men  up  to  one  of  the  lower  win- 
dows, from  which  the  bags  of  flour  used  in- 
stead of  sand  by  the  rebels  had  been  pulled. 
He  went  inside  the  factory,  and  not  long 
alter  a  party  of  Volunteers  \_lked  out.  The 
garrison,  leaving  their  Mas  flying,  came  out  of 
the  factory  one  by  one  on  Sunday  night,  many 
ot  them  dressed  in  civilian  attire,  which  had 
been  passed  in  to  them  by  their  friends  at  the 
rear  of  the  factory.  The  crowd  then  indulged 
in  looting  on  an  extensive  scale,  many  bags  of 
flour  and  boxes  of  biscuits  being  carried  off. 


AT    THE    SOUTH    DUBLIN    UNION. 

After  a  week's  occupation  of  portion  of  the 
South  Dublin  Union,  the  rebels  sur- 
rendered on  Sunday  night,  April 
30th.  Their  number  was  greatly  re- 
duced from  its  original  strength,  but  those 
who  insisted,  despite  the  uti^r  hopelessness  of 
their  plight,  in  continuing  a  forlorn  fight, 
•I  great  uneasiness  in  the  district.  They 
had  several  opportunities  di  ring  the  wee'e  of 
Fnrrend  jring,  but  rbey  refused  ever?  time. 
'Ibeir  last  stand  was  made  In  the 
Boardroom  of  the  institution,  which  they  forti- 
fied as  best  they  could,  the  official  ledgers  and 
other  formidable  bonks  being  piled  through 
the  win  Inws  as  p;irt  of  the  defences.  A  rart 
fro  i  bullet  perforation  in  the  windows  and 
tome  h  isc  tib-s  on  tne  roof  the  frontage  a') 
J*».  .«'j  street   was  uot  badly  damaged,     arid 


it  was  obvious  that  the  military  dealt  leni- 
ently with  it  in  consideration  of  the  inmates 
and  other  innocent  persons  whose  lives  were 
endangered 

Throughout  the  week  the  Union  was  the 
centre  of  severe  fighting,  in  the  course  of 
which  Nurse  eKogh  was  accidentally  killed 
by  a  shot  while  discharging  her  duty.  The  rebels 
took  up  suitable  sniping  positions  at  Dolphin's 
Barn,  Marrowbone  lane,  Watling  't.-eet, 
Kingsbridge,  Kilmainham,  Rialto,  and  Inchi- 
core,  while  a  party  which  seized  Messrs.  Hoes 
malting  stores  near  Mount  Brow.i  also  gave 
trouble.     On    Wednesday    the    latter  were 

driven  out  by  heavy  fire,  but  in  the  evening 
made  their  way  along  the  banks  of  the 
River  Camae,  with  the  object  apparently  of 
getting  towards  the  open  country.  Their  pro- 
gress, however,  was  barred  by  firing  parties 
judiciously  posted,  and  some  of  them  were 
killed,  while  others  were  rounded  up  and 
captured.  There  were  unfortunately  some 
casualties  amongst  civilians.  Two  children 
were  shot  in  the  vicinity  of  Dolphin's  Barn. 
At  Watling  street,  near  the  river,  snipers  shot 
across  in  the  direction  of  the  Royal  Barracks, 
but  they  were  disposed  of  without  causing 
serious  damage.  Exhaustive  searches  were 
made  in  houses  in  the  neighbourhood,  and 
some  ri.les  and  ammunition  were  found.  Most 
of  the  prisoners  were  taken  io  Kilmainham 
Jail   under  strong  escorts. 

AT   THE    FOUR    COURTS. 

Not  far  from  Charles  street  are  the  Four 
Couits,  which  formed  one  of  the  Volunteers' 
strongholds.  The  Courts  of  Law  presented 
an  extraordinary  appearance.  The  gates  wer»j 
closed  and  barricaded  with  all  kinds  of  fur- 
niture, and  inside  each  was  a  Volunteer 
sentry.  The  buildings  within  were  held  by 
the  rebels,  whose  number  could  not  be  ascer- 
tained. That  many  hands  had  been  at  work 
was  apparent.  Most  of  the  windows  were 
blocked  with  books  and  other  things  taken 
from  the  offices,  many  of  which  doubtless 
contained  valuable  records.  Church  street 
Bridge  was  a  centre  of  interest.  It  had  been 
barricaded  by  the  Sinn  F.einers  on  Monday. 
A  couple  of  sentries,  marching  up  and  down, 
did  not  allow  the  many  inquisitive  sight- 
seers to  cross  into  the  space  at  the  end  of 
(  nureh  street.  It  was  possible  to  go  up  the 
Southern  quays,  but  not  up  the  Northern, 
owing  to  the  position  of  the  Volunteers.  The 
next  bridge  was  open  to  pedestrians,  but  was 
not  fice  from  danger.  The  rebels  took  in  a 
number  of  prisoners,  and  kept  them  until 
they  surrendered  on  Saturday.  The  Mendi- 
city Institute,  not  far  off,  had  been  one  of 
the  rebels'  fortresses,  but  bad  been  success- 
fully enfiladed  by  the  soldiers  on  Monday. 

Easter  Si  Kings  should  have  commenced  on 
Thursday,  27th  April,  but  at  the  time  when 
the  Lord  Chancellor  would,  under  ordinary 
circumstances,  have  been  standing  in  the  Cen- 
tral Hall,  wearing  his  State  robes  and  re- 
ceiving the  judges,  the  building  was  in  pos- 
session of  the  insurgents,  and  bloody  war  Lad 
usurped  the  place  of  Law. 


V7 


Much  anxiety  was  felt  as  to  what  was  going 
od  in  tho  Record  Office,  where  thousands  of 
valuable  historical  documents,  wills,  deeds, 
etc.,  are  stored,  and  great  relief  was  experi- 
enced when  it  was  found  that  the  majority 
of  these  documents,  though  much  tossed  about, 
had  not  been  seriously  damaged.  Some 
bundles  containing  wills  had  been  thrown 
out  on  the  adjoining  streets,  and  had  been 
taken  away  by  residents  in  Church  street, 
not  so  much,  it  is  believed,  as  "loot,"  but 
rather  as  curious  souvenirs  of  the  rebellion. 
When  these  people  learnt  that  the  authorities 
were  again  in  possession  of  the  Record  Office, 
it  is  to  their  credit  that  many  of  them  brought 
these  documents  back  to  their  custodian. 


N03TH  KING  STREET. 

Nowhere  was  the  righting  mora  intense  than 
in  the  area  of  which  North  King  street  is  the 
centre.  The  narrow  thoroughfares  had  been 
barricaded  by  the  Sinn  Feiners.  and  the  task 
of  the  military  was  one  of  great  difficulty  and 
danger,  as  many  of  the  houses  were  occupied 
by  snipers.  The  women  and  children  weie 
urged  to  leave  the  district,  but  declined  to  ao 
so,  and,  unfortunately,  there  is  no  doubt  that 
people  who  were  not  taking  part  in  the  opera- 
tions were  killed.  Many  charges  were  made 
against  the  military,  and  these  were  dealt  with 
by  the  Commander-in-Chief  in  his  despatches, 
and  in  a  special  statement  to  a  Press  repre- 
sentative. 

SIR    JOHN    MAXWELL    ANSWERS    CHARGES    OF 
3RUTALITY. 

General  Sir  John  Maxwell  made  the  follow- 
ing statement  to  a  correspondent  of  the  Daily 
Mail    on    Thursday,    13th    May : — 

"  The  allegations  of  brutality  seem  almost 
exclusively  concerned  with  the  fighting  in 
North  King  street.  Our  policy  during  the 
suppiession  of  the  rebellion  was  to  put  a 
military  cordon  round  the  chief  rebel  area  in 
Sackville  street,  but  when  we  had  done  so 
we  discovered  that  there  was  another  centre 
of  importance  at  the  Four  Courts,  and  we 
determined  also  to  encircle  that.  One  line 
of  this  cordon  was  to  pass  through  North 
King  street.  We  discovered,  however,  that 
instead  of  being  outside  the  rebel  area,  this 
&n*-v  actually  cut  through  it,  and  very 
j^speiate  fighting  occurred  before  we  could 
complete  the  cordon  in  this  street.  With  the 
one  exception  of  the  place  at  Ballsbridge, 
where  the  Sherwood  Foresters  were  am- 
bushed, this  was  by  far  the  worst  fighting 
that  occurred  in  the  whole  of  Dublin.  At 
first  the  troops,  coming  from  one  end  of  the 
street,  were  repulsed,  and  it  was  only  when 
we  made  an  attack  from  both  ends  that  we 
succeeded  after  twenty-four  hours'  fightirfg 
in  capturing   the   street. 

MOVING    FROM    HOUSE    TO    HOUSE. 

"The  casualties  were  very  heavy  during 
this  fighting.  The  troops  weie  continually 
fired  at  from  the  roofs  and  upper  windows  of 
the  houses.      With  modern  rifles  it  is  impos- 


sible to  tell  by  the  sound  the  exact  direction 
from  which  a  bullet  comes.  The  rebels  were 
moving  from  house  to  house.  As  the  troops, 
for  instance,  moved  along  the  street  the 
rebels  would  escape  pound  the  back  doors  and 
fire  again  on  the  truCps  from  behind  prac- 
tically every  house  there.  Five  had  to  be 
searched  and  occupied.  Always  we  found 
that  the  rebels  sought  to  cloak  themselves 
behind  their  women.  When  we  began  to 
search  a  house  they  threw  away  their  rifles 
and  joined  the  women  hercing  at  the  back, 
pretending  that  they  had  been  ther.j  all  the 
time.  These  rebels  wore  no  uniform,  and 
the  man  who  was  shooting  at  a  soldier  one 
minute  might,  for  all  he  knew,  be  walking 
quietly  beside  him  in  the  street  at  another. 
We  tried  hard  to  get  the  women  and  children 
to  leave  the  North  King  street  area;  they 
would  not  go;  their  sympathies  were  w.Hh 
the  rebels,  and  this  must  be  remembered  w 
connection  with  their  allegations  now.  It 
was  impossible  from  headquarters  to  exercise 
direct  control  over  the  sort  of  fightinj*  that 
occurred,  since  the  telegraph  and  telephone 
wires  were  out  of  order.  Nearly  everything 
had  to  be  left  to  the  troops  on  the  sp  >t. 

TREACHEROUS    ASSAILANTS. 

"Possibly  unfortunate  incidents,  wh  eh  we 
should  regret  now,  may  have  occurred.  It- 
did  not,  perhaps,  always  follow  that  where 
shots  were  fired  from  a  particular  house  the 
inmates  were  always  necessarily  aware  of  it 
or  guilty,  but  how  were  the  soldiers  to  dis- 
criminate ?  They  saw  their  comrades  killed 
beside  them  by  hidden  and  treacherous  issail- 
ants,  and  it  is  even  possible  that  under  the 
horrors  of  this  peculiar  attack  some  of  them 
'saw  red.'  That  is  the  inevitable  conse- 
quence of  a  rebellion  of  this  kind.  It  was 
allowed  to  come  into  being  among  these 
people,  and  could  not  be  suppressed  by  vel- 
vet-glove methods  where  our  troops  were  so 
desperately  opposed  and  attacked.  Some,  a& 
any  rate,  of  the  allegations  are  certainly  false, 
and  are  probably  made  in  order  to  establish  » 
claim  for  compensation  from  the  Govern- 
ment. I  have  ordered  a  very  strict 
military  inquiry  into  all  the  allega- 
tions that  are  made.  Officers  uncon- 
nected with  the  units  charged  will  visit  all 
houses  where  complaints  are  made  in  order 
to  investigate  the  circumstances  impartially 
on  the  spot.  Battalions  concerned  will  be 
paraded  in  order  that  witnesses  who  are 
making  allegations  of  brutality,  which  they 
claim  to  have  seen  personally,  may  have  an 
opportunity,  if  they  can,  of  identifying 
officers  or  men  responsible,  and  every  such 
case  will  be  fully  inquired  into.  Any  man 
proved  guilty  will  be  properly  punished  and 
the  full  results  of  th«  inquiry  made  publio 
as  soon  as  possible. 

"Meanwhile  I  am  happy  to  note  that,  is 
spite  of  thesn  aV  stations,  the  people  of  Dub- 
lin continue  eft  excellent  terms  with  thp 
troops  Even  tn  N''irth  King  street  itself* 
which  1  visited  yr-stfrday,  I  saw  the  soldierf 
talking-  in  the  frie»--df rest  way  with  the  womeii 
at    their   doc's.        Indeed,    1    think    that   Une 


popularity  of  the  soldiers  in  Dublin  to-day 
is  most  gratifying  and  is  one  of  the  best 
possible  proofs  of  the  exaggeration,  to  say 
the  least  of  it,  shown   in   these  allegations." 

TWO     BODIES     BURIED     IN     A     CELLAR. 

Dr.  Louis  A.  Byrne,  City  Coroner,  in  the 
Morgue  on  Tuesday,  16th  May,  conducted  in- 
quests on  the  bodies  of  Patrick  Bealen,  aged 
30,  who  had  been  employed  as  foreman  at 
Mrs.  Mary  O'Rouike's  licensed  house,  177 
North  King  street,  Dublin,  and  James  Healy, 
aged  44,  employed  as  a  labourer  at  Messrs. 
Jameson's  Distillery,  Bow  street,  and  residing 
*t  Little  Green  street.  The  bodic.  which 
bore  marks  of  bullet  wounds,  had  bc;h  been 
disinterred  on.  10th  May  in  the  cellar  of_  177 
North  King  street  by  the  sanitary  authorities. 
At  the  opening  of  the  inquest  the  previous  Fri- 
day evidence  was  heard,  and  suggestions  were 
made  against  the  military  who  had  been  on 
duty  in  North  King  street.  The  Coroner 
then  adjourned  the  further  hearing  of  evi- 
dence until  Tuesday,  and  notified  the  mili- 
taiy  authorities  of  the  adjourned  sitting. 

Major  Rhodes,  Assistant  Provost  Marshal, 
69th  Division,  and  Captain  Shenr-ard  were 
present  on  Tuesday  on  behalf  of  the  military 
authorities. 

Mr.  J.  C.  R  Lardner,  M.P.  (instructed  by 
Mr.  John  J.  McDonald)  appeared  for  the  next- 
of-kin  of  the  deceased  men. 

Inspector  Travers  represented  the  polio, 
authorities. 

MRS.      O'ROURKE'S     EVIDENCE. 

Mrs.  Mary  O'Rourke,  owner  of  the 
licensed  premises  177  North  King 
street,  said',  in  reply  to  Mr.  Lardner, 
that  the  military  entered  her  house 
about  12  o'clock  midnight  on  28th  April.  Her 
three  children,  the  cook,  Patrick  Bealen,  and 
herself  were  then  in  the  cellar  for  safety.  They 
•were  there  several  hours  when  the  military 
came  in.  A  sergeant  and  a  private  came 
down  and  searched  Bealen  and  witness's  son, 
■who  was  not  13  years  of  age.  The  soldiers 
subsequently  took  them  all  to  the  kitchen, 
which  was  on  the  second  (light  of  stairs.  Two 
soldiers  remained  with  them,  and  later  cri  a 
third  came  in.  An  officer  came  in  on  Satur- 
day morning,  and  ordered  the  soldiers  out  of 
the  kitchen,  saying:  "  Jt  is  a  shame  to  rut 
them  in  the  kitchen,  as  it  is  so  small.''  To 
the  soldiers  he  'aid  :  "  You  have  no  right  to 
be  here;  leave  the  kitchen  to  the  ladies." 
Bealen  was  taken  away  an  hour  or  two  pre- 
vious to  the  arrival  of  the  officer. 

Dr.  Meldon  gave  evidence  as  to  i!ie  wounds 
•which  caused1  the  death  of  Bealen.  Jn  his 
opinion  the  shots  which  killed  the  man  had 
been  fired   from  a  considerable  distance. 

Dr.  Matthew  Russ«ll,  Assistant  Medical 
OhVer  of  Health  for  Dublin,  gave  evidence  ha 
to  the  exhuming  of  the  body  of  the  deceased. 
It  had  been  baiied  in  the  cellar,  atout  12 
inches  from  the  surface  'J  he  body  was  fully 
dressed.  Under  neoth  the  body  a  second 
body,  thaf.  of  James  Uealy,  was  discovered, 
also  fully   dressed. 


Mr  M.  A  Moym'han,  Borough  Surveyor, 
stated  on  searching  the  cellar  he  found  a  por- 
tion of  the  floor  softer  than  the  surrounding 
f^rts.  He  made  an  exca  Uion  where  it  was 
soft,  and  the  sanitary  t  .*ff  continued  the 
excavation  in  his  presence  until  they  came 
upon  the  two  bodies.  He  added  that  be  found 
the  "spoil  "  from  the  grave  under  the  slide  by 
which  the  barrels  were  lowered  fioin  the 
street. 

Michael  Brophy,  attendant  in  the  Coroner's 
Court,  said  he  found  tied  with  a  bootlace  at 
the  back  of  Bealen 's  shirt  £7  in  notes  and 
gold  and  one  penny  in  his  coat  pocket. 

WOMAN'S    ACCOUNT    OF    THE    SHOOTING. 

Mrs.  Roseanna  Kncwles,  23  Lurgan  street, 
which  is  close  to  177  North  King  street, 
stated  that  during  the  week  of  the  disturb- 
ances a  number  of  soldiers  were  billeted  in 
her  house.  She  had  some  conversations  with 
them.  l{  3  asked  the  soldiers,  "  Was  there 
much  kjf  id?"  One  of  them  said,  "There 
was  ,'  gv>od  deal  of  our  men  killed  and  a 
good  leal  .-*  of  the  others."  He  further 
Eaid :  "1  only  pitied  the  poor  fellow  at 
the  corner  (O'Rcurke's)  and  the  woman  who 
was    fainting." 

Did  he  say  why  he  pitied'  him?  He  said, 
"  I  pitied  him  from  my  heart;  though  I  bad  to 
shoot  him.     He  had  made  tea  for  me." 

What  else  did  he  say?  He  said  they  had 
brought  the  prisoner  downstairs  in  O'Rourke  s. 
ibe  soldier  said  that  the  man  gave  him  his 
penknife  and  his  ring.  He  produced'  the  pen- 
knife,   but  said   he   had    lost   the   ring. 

What  happened  then?  He  said  thit  when 
they  brought  him  downstairs  he  had  not  the 
heart  to  shoot  him  straight,  and'  that  they 
told  him  (the  deceased)  to  go  up  r  gain,  and 
at  the  foot  of  the  st  '-s  they  shot  i.im — that 
they  "  let  bang  "  at  the  foot  of  the  stairs. 
MILITARY    STATEMENT. 

The  Coroner — Major  Khudes,  do  you  wish 
to  say  anything? 

Major  Rhodes — No,  but  I  w^ould  ask  you  to 
read  a  statement  that  had  been  marie  by 
Lieutenant-Colonel  il.  Taylor.  Commanding 
the  2nd/6th  South  Staffords. 

The  statement  was  then  read  by  the 
Coroner.     It  was  as  follows  : — 

"  I  cannot  discover  any  military  witnesses 
as  to. the  manner  in  which  the  two  men, 
Patrick  Bealen  and  James  Healy,  met  with 
their  deaths,  but  I  cannot  believa  that  the 
alienations  made  at  the  inquest  can  be  correct. 
Patrick  Bealen  was  certainly  never  brought 
to  the  guardroom.  To  the  best  of  my  know- 
ledge and  belief,  during  the  military  opera- 
tions in  Capel  street  and  King  street,  which 
lasted  from  6  a.m.  on  Friday,  28th  April, 
until  the  truce  was  declared  on  the  after- 
noon of  Saturday,  29th  (and  which  were,  in 
fact,  continued  for  some  hours  after  that  by 
the  rebels  >n  that  area),  only  those  house* 
were  entered  by  the  military  whicJk  th« 
exigencies  of  the  case  rendered  actually  neces- 
sary, and  no  persons  were  attacked  by  th« 
troops  other  than  those  who  were  assisting 
the  rebels,  and  found  with  arms  in  their  pos- 
session. 


29 


FIRING     TROM     Hf     SES. 

"  Tiio  premises  No.  17 1  North  King  street 
were  indicated  to  me  as  one  of  the  houses 
from  w  h  eh  the  troops  had  been  repeatedly 
fired  upon,  and  the  troops  were  also  continu- 
ally fired  upon  both  dining  the  night  of  the 
2^th  April  and  the  whole  of  the  following 
day  from  the  distillery,  at  which  the  deceased 
man.  James  Hea'y,  was  stated  to  have  been 
employed.  The  operations  in  the  port'on  of 
King  street,  between  Linen  hall  street  and 
Church  street,  were  conducted  under  circum- 
stances of  the  greatest  difficulty  and  danger 
for  the  troops  engaged,  who  were  subjected 
to  severe  fire,  not  only  from  behind  several 
rebel  barricades,  which  had  been  constructed 
across  King  street,  and  other  barr  cades  in 
Church  street  and  the  side  streets,  but  arso 
from  practically  every  house  in  that  portion 
of  King  street  and  other  buildings  overlook- 
ing it. 

"Strong  ev'dence  of  these  difficulties  and 
dangers  is  afforded  by  the  fact  that  it  took 
the  troops  from  10  a  m.  on  the  28th  April 
until  2  p.m.  on  the  29th  to  force  their  way 
along  King  street  from  Linenhall  street  to 
Church  street,  a  distance  of  some  150  yards 
only  ;  and  that  the  casualties  sustained  by 
the  reg  merit  (the  great  majority  of  which 
oi-cnrred  at  this  spot)  numbered  five  officers 
(including  two  captains)  wounded,  14  n.c.o.'a 
and   men    killed   and   28   wounded. 

'"  I  may  add  (1)  that  the  rebels  for  some 
hours  after  the  truce  was  declared  continued 
firing  on  my  men.  who,  although  they  sus- 
tained several  further  casualties,  did  not 
reply  :  and  (2)  that  durng  these  continued 
hostilities  after  the  truce  the  rebels,  by  firing 
on  the  R.A.M.C.  (one  of  whom  they  wounded) 
prevented  the  removal  of  some  of  our  wounded 
for  several  hours,  and  the  latter  could  only 
be  ultimately  removed  by  means  of  an 
armoured   car. 

"  I  am  satisfied  that  during  these  operations 
the  troops  under  my  command  showed  great 
moderation  and  restraint  under  exceptionally 
difficult    and    trying   circumstances." 

VERDICT    OF  THE   JURY. 

The  Coroner  having  briefly  addressed  t'ae 
iurv,  the  following   verdict   was   returned  : — 

•■  We  find  that  the  said  Patrick  Bea'in  died 
from  shock  and  hemorrhage,  resulting  from 
bullet  wounds  inflicted  by  a  soldier,  of 
soldiers,  in  whose  custody  he  was,  an  unarmed 
and  unoffending  prisoner.  We  consider  that 
the  explanation  given  by  the  military  authori- 
ties is  very  unsatisfactory,  and  we  believe 
that  if  the  military  authorities  had  anv  in- 
clination they  could  produce  the  officer  ii 
charge." 

INQUEST    ON    JAMES    HEALY. 

The  adjourned  inquest  on  the  body  of 
James  Healy.  which  was  also  found  buried  in 
the  cellar  of  177  North  King  street,  was  then 
res  u  meet. 

The  jury  returned  a  vrvdict  in  terms  simi- 
lar to  that  recoidect  in  the  case  of    Lieaien. 


MR.   ASQUITH    AND   COURTS  OF    INQUIRY, 

A  large  number  of  questions  were  put  in 
the  House  of  Commons  from  time  to  time 
regarding  alleged  shooting  of  civilians  in  the 
North  King  street  area,  and  various  members 
urged  the  Government  to  hold  a  public  in- 
quiry. On  Monday,  17th  July,  Mr.  Asquith 
said  he  undertook  that  these  cases  should  be 
carefully  investigated,  but  there  had  never 
been  any  promise  of  a  public  inquiry.  Ac- 
cordingly, after  all  available  evidence  had 
been  secured,  courts  of  inquiry  were  held,  and 
the  witnesses  examined.  The  conclusion  arrived 
at  after  a  full  hearing  in  all  the  cases  was  that 
the  deaths  occurred  in  the  course  of  con- 
tinuous and  desperate  street  and  house-to- 
house  fighting,  which  lasted  for  nearly  two 
days,  and  in  which  the  soldiers  were  con- 
stanlty  exposed  to  sniping  from  the  windows 
and  roofs  of  the  houses.  There  could  be  little 
doubt  that  some  men  who  were  not  taking  an 
actual  part  in  the  fighting  were  in  the  course 
of  the  struggle  killed  by  both  rebels  and 
soldiers,  but,  after  careful  inquiry,  it  was 
impossible  to  bring  home  responsibility  to  any 
particular  person  or  body  of  persons.  '  He  had 
himself  read  the  evidence  taken  by  the  courts 
of  inquiry,  fie  was  of  opinion  that  further 
inquirv  would  not  be  likely  to  lead  to  any 
d.fieient   result. 


FHE  ATTACK  ON  THE  MAGAZINE  FORT. 

About  noon  on  Easter  Monday  eight  or  nine 
motor  cars  dashed  into  the  Phoenix  Park 
through  Island  Bridge  gate.  Each  of  these  was 
crowded  with  men  dressed  in  their  ordinary 
clothes,  and,  having  regard  to  the  occasion, 
any  passer-by  would  have  taken  it  fur 
granted  that  they  were  out  for  a  holiday,  and 
probably  on  their  waj  to  Fairyhouse  Races. 
Immediately  afterwards  seven  men  in  uniform, 
driving  on  a  couple  of  outside  cars,  the  num- 
bers of  which  were  concealed,  arrived  on  ttiA 
scene.  The  Fort  was  occupied  by  Mrs.  Piay- 
fair,  the  wife  of  the  eemmanaant  (then  at 
the  front  in  France),  and  her  family  of  two 
sons  and  a  daughter.  The  garrison  consisted 
of  only  a  few  soldiers,  of  whom  the  sentry 
was  immediately  disposed  of,  and  the  assail- 
ants, rushing  into  the  guardroom,  covered  the 
others  with  revolvers.  One  of  the  men  in 
uniform  seized  Mrs.  Playfair  by  the  arm,  and, 
presenting  a  revolver,  ordered  her  to  show 
him  the  telephone,  which  he  promptly  cut. 
Then  he  gave  them  six  minutes  to  get  out  of 
th^  Fort  before  he  blew  it  up.  The  elder  of 
Mrs.  Playfair's  boys  rushed  dewn  to  Park 
place,  about  ■->  hundred  yards  from  the  Fort, 
to  a  house  m  which  he  thought  there  was  a 
telephone,  and  just  as  the  ladv  of  the  house 
had  opened  the  door  n  Sinn  Feiner  rode  up 
to  the  sate  n*i  a  bicycle,  and.  rushing  to  t tie 
door,  discharged  three  shots  point  blank  into 
the  unfo.tunate  lad.  from  the  effects  of  which 
he  died  next  rnnruin?.  '1  he  aseaila^ifc 
escaped  down  Conynghnm  road  to  the 
citj  Fortunately  the  desimi.  of  the  rebels  on 
the  Magazine  was  only  successful  to  a  limited 
extent/  Thev  set  the  mit^r  nortion  of  it. 
which  contains   onlv   small   arms,   on   fire,   ami 


30 


evidently  being  in  a  great  hurry  to  get  away, 
and  unaware  that  the  high  explosives  were 
etored  in  a  different  compartment,  they  tied 
from  the  scene,  after  a  stay  of  about  twenty 
minutes.  For  a  time,  of  course,  the  danger  of 
an  explosion  was  imminent,  but  the  soldiers 
who  arrived  on  the  scene  worked  verj 
piuckily  and  successfully  to  get  the  upper 
nand  of  the  fire,  and,  aided  by  the  Fire 
Brigade,  they  managed  to  extinguish  it  before 
the  next  morning. 


Till:  FIGHT  AT  NORTH  CIRCULAR  ROAD 
AND  CABRA. 

The  northern  suburbs  perhaps  more  than 
»ny  other  part  of  the  Dublin -leLropolitan  area 
were  affected  by  the  general  hold  up  of  traffic. 
From  Wednesday,  26th  April,  they  were  cut 
off  from  all  communication  with  the  centre  of 
the  city.  All  traffic  along  the  Phoenix  Park 
road  and  to  Cabra  road  was  stopped,  and  the 
m.litary  pickets  had  the  most  peremptory 
orders  to  prevent  people  from  passing  through. 

All  this  was  following  a  fight  which  took 
fflace  on  Tuesday  in  the  Cabra  district.  The 
rebels  had  placed  barricades  both  on  the  Park 
road  and  on  Cabra  road  near  the  point  at 
which  Charleville  road  links  up  these  thorough- 
fares. Houses  overlooking  the  barricades  had 
been  occupied  by  the  revolutionaries  mi  the 
Monday,  and  these  positions  were  held  until 
the  arrival  of  the  Dublin  Fusiliers  from 
'Jemplemore.  The  military  at  once  attacked 
the  houses,  where,  after  a  sharp  fight,  s.oree 
of  the  rebels  surrendered,  while  others 
escaped,  it  was  believed,  towards  Glasnevin 
amd   Fmglas,   going  across  country. 

Following  this  the  closest  military  precau- 
tions were  taken.  At  first  the  entrance  to  the 
(jlasrev.n  road  trom  the  North  Circular  road 
was  barred  by  a  strong  picket,  and  later  on 
the  pickets  were  pushed  out  as  far  as  the 
Cross  Guns  Bridge,  commanding  the  canal  and 
jailwav  line  running  to  the  North  Wall,  the 
Whit  worth   road,   and   the  Finglas  road. 


AT    GLASNEVIN. 

The  reople  in  Phibsborough  were  kept 
within  the  cordon,  wl.ile  the  people  in  Glas- 
nevin were  rigidly  excluded,  and 
only  on  the  most  urgent  busi- 
ness coo. a  pei  mission  Le  obtained  to  pass. 
On  Ihursday  it  became  apparent  that  some- 
t fi 1 1 1 i>  approaching  a  food  f;  .uine  was  imminent. 
'J  he  alarm  was  instantaneous.  Immediately 
itiu  provision  shops  in  th;  district  were  be 
HPi>ed,  the  f!our  mills  at  Cross  Guns  Bridge, 
were  crowded,  and  men  and  women  of  all 
r  I  asses  were  seen  carrying  away  parcels  of 
f--T,  potatoes,  bread,  and  everything  that 
could  be  procured  in  the  way  of  foodstuffs. 
"J be  butchers'  shops  weu  soon  cleared  and 
<hf-  provision  stores  were  sold  out  by  Satur- 
day. Many  people  wpnt  out  to  the  Finjlas 
»iij*ge  where  the  local  butchers  did  a  tre 
mendous  tiade.  While  the  food  crisis  was  iv. 
proeresa  th-  anxiety  of  the  residents  of  this 
distrii  t  was  increased  by  the  alarming 
runours  wh.ch  were  in  constant  circulation  a« 
to   alleged       happenings    in    the      city.     Th* 


rumours, needless  to  say, became  more  alarming 
as  they  were  passed  about  from  one  group  to 
another,  and  all  the  time  there  wm  nothing 
official,  nothing  definite  A>»  night  fell  the 
anxiety  was  not  eased.  The  constant  sniping, 
the  occasional  big  gun  firing,  and  then  the  sky 
Lt  up  by  the  reflection  from  sonu  blazing 
building  all  combined  to  make  the 
night  more  terrible  even  than  the  day. 
IVlany  pathetic  sights  were  witnessed 
in  connection  with  funerals  going 
to  Glasnevin  Cemetery.  Owing  to  the  r<nd 
regulations  in  force  only  the  driver  of  the 
hearse  and  at  most  one  n.ourner  were  allowed 
to  accompany  the  remains.  But  many  were 
driven  through  the  military  cordon  accom- 
panied only  by  the  driver  of  the  hearse  These 
regulations  were  relaxed  with  the  utmost  speed 
by  the  military.  Up  to  Wednesday,  3rd  May, 
the  residen'=  found  it  a  matter  of  difficulty  to 
obtain  permits  from  the  military  station  at 
Cross  Guns  Bridge,  and  business  people  were 
eubjeoted  to  long  delays  before  they  could 
resume  duty  in  the  city. 

AT  DRUMCONDRA. 

The  district  from  the  Cross  Guns  Bridge  to 
Glasnevin  was  entnely  Lee  from  thj  presence 
of  active  rebels,  but  they  were  present  in  con-  ! 
siderable  numbers  from  the  Whitworth  road  to 
Mountjoy  square.  Even  after  the  general 
surrender  on  Saturday,  29th  April,  the  sniping 
in  that  district  gave  the  military  and  the  civil 
inhabitants  a  great  deal  of  troible.  Dorset 
street  and  the  streets  off  it  were  in  a  very 
disturbed  state.  The  large  warehouse  of 
Messrs.  Baker  and  Sons  in  Dorset  street  had 
its  windows  smashed,  and  some  drapery  uoods 
were  carried  off  b  /  looters  Sniping  was 
heard  on  Monday,  1st  May,  in  that  district,  in 
sDite  of  the  search  of  houses  carried  <  at  by 
the   military. 

BATTLE  AT  FAIRVIEW. 

The  residents  in  Fairview  had  a.  lively 
time  during  the  rebellion.  On  Easter  Mon- 
day evening  the  rebels  took  possession  of 
Ballybough  Bridge  and  the  houses  around, 
and  began  to  question  those  who  came  along, 
to  search  them,  and  to  turn  some  of  them 
back.  They  also  seized  several  motor  cars. 
At  Annesley  Bridge  their  tactics  were  the 
same.  On  the  Wharf  road  they  broke  into 
the  Dublin  and  Wicklow  Manure  Works,  and 
took  possession  of  houses  at  Fairview 
Corner  and  Philipsburgh  avenue.  In  short, 
they  occupied  the  whole  of  P'airview  district 
until  Wednesday,  when  soldiers  arrived  in  the 
district.  Having  takon  up  positions  along  the 
ruilway  embankment,  they  entered  into 
action  with  the  rebels,  &nd  ultimately  drove 
them  out  with  machine  guns.  The  engngem'-fc 
lasted  until  Saturday,  by  which  time  all  the 
Volunteers  had  gono  from  Fairview,  either 
having  been  accounted  for  in  one  of  several 
■*ays  (:  having  deemed  discretion  the  better 
part  ot  valour.  While  the  action  was  in 
progress  several  persons  were  wounded 
throgyh  exposing  themselves  in  the  lure  o{ 
fire. 


31 


THE    RAILWAYS   DURING   THE   RISING. 


DUBLIN     AND    SOUTH-EASTERN. 

The  Dublin  and'  South  Eastern  Railway  was 
particularly  unfoitunate  in  that  both  ex- 
tremes ot  the  system,  that  is,  Dublin  and 
Wexford,  were  the  scenes  of  active  rebellion, 
and  in  consequence  the  traffic  along  the  line 
was  almost  entirely  suspended,  exoe;  t  for 
mint  iry  purposes,  tn  s  causing  a  higher  pro- 
portion ot  loss  to  this  railway  company  than 
to  the  other  railway  companies  .<aving  termini 
in  Dublin.  The  line  between  Dublin  a^d 
Kingstown  was  under  entire  rrilitary  control, 
and  under  partial  cor  trol  between  Kingstown 
and  Kerns  Co.  Wexford,  at  which  latter  point 
the  Tinn  Feiners  had  taken  possession  of  the 
railway.  1  he  effect  .if  this  was  to  leave  the 
counties  which  this  company  serves  without 
any  means  of  communication  for  passengers  or 
for  tiansit  c.f  goods  ar  1  supplies,  so  that  the 
counties  of  Wicklow  and  Wexfou,  and  tho 
southern  portion  of  County  Duoiin,  were  left 
to  test  their  ability  to  support  tnemselves. 

A  tout  midday  on  Easter  Monday  the  Sinn 
Feir.ers  took  possession  of  Westland  row  and 
H-ircourt  street  stations,  and  remained 
in  possession  of  the  former  station 
until  3rd  May,  but  they  gave  up  possession 
of  Earcourt  street  Station  on  25th  April 
Laving  held  it  for  less  than  24  hours,  after 
which  the  military  came  into  occupation. 
•The  locomotive,  carriage,  and  wagon  works 
at  (Itand  Canal  street  were  also  occupied  by 
the  Sinn  Feiners  on  Easter  Monday,  and 
hel.j  throughout  the  whole  period  of  the  re- 
bellion. The  company's  property  suffered 
damage  to  the  extent  of  about  £2,000  as  the 
result  of  the  occupation  of  the  Sinn  Feiners 
ana'  military,  and  the  loss  of  receipts  to  the 
company  has  been  estimated  at  about  £14,000. 
A  sum  of  £731  was  granted  by  the  Goulding 
Commission  for  structural  damages,  this 
being  substantially  the  amount  claimed. 

MIDLAND    GREAT   WESTERN    RAILWAY. 

The  material  damage  to  the  railway  of  the 
Midland  Creat  Western  Comnany  was  in- 
considerable, the  cost  of  repairs  not  exceed- 
ing £600  or  £700,  but  the  resulting  loss  of 
revenue,  whilst  the  line  was  controlled  by  the 
military  authorities,  amounted  to  about 
£20,000 — a  serious  reduction  in  war  times. 

Contrary  to  statements  freely  made  at  the 
time,  the  Dublin  passenger  station  of  the  com- 
pany at  Broadstone  did  not  fall  into  the  hands 
of  the  rebels,  although  under  attack  for  four 
days.  On  Easter  Monday  the  bridges  carry- 
ing the  Cabra  and  JSorth  Circular  roads  over 
the  railway  were  occupied  by  the  insurgents, 
who,  in  the  first  instance,  erected  barrier* 
across  the  roadways,  and  subsequently  made 
repeated  attempts — which  were  rnsuccessful — 
to  blow  up  the  bridges,  apparently  with  the 
double  object  of  rendering  the  roads  im- 
passable for  troops  and  of  blocking  the  rail- 
way. The  North  Circular  road  bridge  com- 
manded  the   station   yard   and   platforms,   as 


well  as  a  private  pathway  constructed  by  the 
company  for  the  use  of  employes  passing  to 
and  from  their  work,  and  during  the  morning 
of  Easter  Tuesday  occasional  shots  were  fired 
at  the  station  premises  from  this  bridge ; 
otherwise  the  first  twenty-four  hours  after  thfl 
outbreak  passed  at  Broadstone  without  in- 
cident. At  about  two  o'clock  on  the  same 
day  troops  advanced  along  the  Circular  road 
from  the  direction  of  the  Park,  and.  having 
brought  field  guns  into  position,  proceeded 
to  shell  the  barricade,  and,  having  destroyed 
it,  cleared  the  rebels  out  of  the  adjoining 
houses  which  had  been  occupied  by  them.  A 
company  of  the  Royal  Dublin  Fusiliers  then 
proceeded  by  the  private  pathway  to  Broad- 
stone, with  which  communication  was  estab- 
lished about  4  o'clock  p.m.  Immediately 
afterwards  the  station  was  attacked  from  the 
front,  no  doubt  in  ignorance  of  the  previous 
arrival  of  troops,  but  on  their  fire  being  re- 
turned, the  rebels  quickly  took  cover,  and  did 
not  again  appear  in  the  open  during  the  four 
days  fighting  which  ensued.  During  this  time 
sniping  took  place  almost  continuously,  the 
station  being  fired  on  from  several  directions. 

LINE    TORN     UP— CATTLE     TRAIN     WRECK-ED. 

During  Monday  night  troops  had  been 
ordered  over  the  line,  and  the  rebels 
having;  become  aware  of  the  fact,  took  steps 
with  the  object  of  wrecking  the  expected  troop 
train.  An  abortive  effort  to  destroy  a  culvert 
near  Liffey  Junction  was  made,  and  during  the 
early  hours  of  the  morning  of  the  Tuesday, 
25tb  April,  the  permanent  way  at  Blanchards- 
town  was  blown  up,  and  a  cattle  special  pro- 
ceeding in  advance  of  the  troop  train  was  de 
railed  and  wrecked.  On  the  same  morning  an 
engine  in  steam  at  Broadstone  was  seized  by 
rebels,  placed  on  the  up  line,  and  started, 
those  in  charge  jumping  clear  as  soon  as  the 
engine  began  to  gather  speed.  This  act 
would  have  resulted  in  disaster  if  the  runaway 
locomotive  had  met  a  passenger  or  troop  train 
coming  in  the  opposite  direction,  but  for- 
tunately it  was  thrown  off  the  line  at  the 
Liffey  Junction  points,  after  running  uncon- 
trolled for  about  a  mile.  Meantime,  in  con- 
sequence of  the  Blanchardstown  derailment, 
the  troops  had  been  diverted  to  another 
station,  where  they  detrained  without  mishap. 

In  the  provinces  little  interference  with 
the  railway  was  experienced  by  this  company, 
save  in  the  section  between  Athenry  and 
Galway,  where  the  permanent  way  was  toir\ 
up  for  a  short  distance  on  three  reparrte 
occasions,  telegraph  wires  were  cut,  and  the 
electric  instruments  in  a  signal  cabin  were 
destroyed. 

By  order  of  the  military  authorities,  the 
running  of  pufclic  trains  from  and  to  Dublin 
was  completely  suspended  from  the  24th  April 
until  the  3rd  May,  when  a  restricted  service  of 
"  refugee  "  trains  from  Dublin  was  estab- 
lished" The  running  of  ordinary  passenger 
trains  to  and  from  Dublin  was  resumed  on  5th 
May,  but  the  full  service  was  not  brought  into 
operation   until  the  8th. 


GREAT    NORTHERN    RAILWAY. 

On  Ea.-ler  Monday  the  last  ordinary  trains 
to  leave  Amiens  street  Station  were  the  2.0 
to  Dundalk,  and  the  2-46  to  Howth.  Later  in 
tbe  day,  by  permission  of  Uie  military  authori- 
ties, two  special  trains  conveyed  excursionists 
who  had  arrived  in  the  morning  back  to  Bel- 
fast.  '1  rains  that  were  on  their  way  from 
the  North  at  3.30  p.m  arrived  safely  at 
Amiens  street. 

The  ordinary  passenger  train  service  was 
not  resumed  until  Wednesday,  3rd  May,  wher 
one  tram  ran  each  way  between  Dublin  and 
Howth.  J  he  rebels  were  not  in  evidence  at 
Amiens  street  at  all.  On  Tuesday  night  the 
military  occupied  thj  station,  and  made  it 
ti.eir  headquarters  for  the  North  side  of  the 
city.  Ihere  w:as  no  damage  done  at  Amiens 
street. 

On  Easter  Monday,  about  2  30  p.m.,  an 
attempt  was  made  to  blow  up  the  down  line 
over  the  Kogerstown  Bridge  between  Donabate 
and  Rush  and  Lusk,  ar  -'  the  line  was  damaged 
to  the  extent  of  £250,  for  which  a  claim  has 
been  made  on  tne  county.  Trartic  was  worked 
over  the  upline. 

There  was  also  an  attempt  made  to  blow  up 
the  clown  line  between  the  middle  nrch  at  Fair- 
view  sloblands  and  the  Whart  road,  and  tha 
rails  were  damaged',  but  traffic  v. as  worked 
over  the  up- line. 

GRSAT  SOUTHERN    AND   WESTERN    RAILWAY. 

At  the  annual  general  meeting  of  the  share- 
holders of  the  Great  Southern  and  Western 
Railway  Company,  at  the  Kingsbridge  ter- 
minus.'on  February  28th,  1917,  Sir  Win.  J. 
Goulding,  Bart.,  D.L..  Chairman  of  the  Com 
party,  referred  to  the  rebellion,  which,  he 
said,  resulted  in  practically  no  trains  being 
run  over  the  Great  Southern  and  Western 
Bail  way  in  and  out  of  Dublin  until  May  1st, 
when  two  trains  a  day  were  run  until  Mon- 
day, May  8th.  when  they  gradually  increased 
the  service.  The  loss  of  revenue  to  the  com- 
pany was  estimated  at  £21,000,  for  which  a 
claim  had  been  made  to  the  Government.  He 
v  is  Mad  to  say  that  the  company  was  able 
t..  give  great  assistance  to  the  authorities  by 
turning  out  five  armoured  cars,  which  saved 
mm  h  life  to  the  soldiers,  and  the  company 
had  put  up  a  very  large  number  of  military 
at  Kingsbridge,  and  provided  food  for  the 
<jt!i      I 

THE  TRAMWAY  SERVICE. 
'1  lie  extent  to  which  the  tramway  service 
of  Dublin  suffered  dining  the  rebellion  was 
plain  by  Mr.  Wm.  Martin  Murphy, 
tbe  Chairman  of  the  Dublin  United  Tramways 
i  ■..,  Ltd.,  at  the  thirty-seventh  ordinary  meet- 
in,'  of  the  company,  held  on  Tuesday,  26th 
February,  1917.  Mr.  Murphy  said  that  com- 
pared  vyith  many  of  their  neighbours  the  com- 
pany's property  escaped  very  serious  damage 
-Acmtwifi  lv  we'.l  dining  ilmt  destructive  tinre. 
'1  *•?">.  ft.'ierating  station  was  in  great  jeopardy 
fur  a  time,  as  it  was  in  the  undisputed  posses- 
ion of  the  rebels,  who.  however,  he  was 
bound  t<>  acknowledge,  did  no  damage  of  any 
kind   there.     As  it   was,   the  material   damage 


to  their  property  was  comparatively  small, 
viz.,  the  loss  of  two  tramears  t  umed  in  the 
streets  and  some  damage  to  the  overhead  wire 
system.  None  of  their  buildings  was  damaged 
by  fire,  not  even  their  offices,  though  the  con- 
flagration w  tnch  consumed  nearly  the  whole 
of  Lower  Sackviile  street  did  not  stop  till  it 
reached  the  narrow  street  which  separates 
them  from  Mr.  Lawience's  premises,  nat 
been  burned  to  the  ground.  Honourable 
mention  was  due  to  their  traffic  manager,  Mr. 
I).  Brophy,  in  connection  with  the  escape  of 
the  offices  from  the  fate  of  the  adjoining 
buildings.  He  remained  m  charge  until  the 
fire  readied  the  opposite  side  of  the  lane, 
when  in  the  early  hours  of  Friday  morning, 
28th  April,  he  succeeded  in  making  his  way 
to  the  Pro -Cat  bed  rat,  where  many  people  had 
taken  refuge.  While  there  he  found  the  offi- 
cer in  charge  of  the  military  operations  pre- 
paring to  bombard  the  building  in  the  belief 
that  rebels  were  sniping  from  the  windows, 
but  Mr.  Brophy  was  able  to  satisfy  him  that 
the  report  he  received  was  entirely  devoid  of 
truth,  as  he.  Mr.  Brophy.  had  just  come 
-from  there  himself.  though  their  direct  lo«s 
of  property  was  small,  and  was  compensated 
for  to  some  extent  by  the  Government,  the 
company  suffered  a  heavy  loss  of  traffic  by 
the  entire  stoppage  of  their  tramway  seivice 
for  ten  days  and  its  dislocation  for  a  long  time 
after,  for  which  they  had  so  far  received  no 
compensation.  They  were  told  that  the  loss 
did  not  come  within  the  scope  of  either  of  the 
committees  set  up  in  this  country  for  con- 
sidering claims  against  the  Go-vernmebt  in 
connection  with  the  rebellion,  but  the  com- 
pany intend  to  press  their  very  equitable 
claim  by  evev  means  in  fbeir  powpr.  It  win 
no  <\\a operation  to  sav  that  the  f<-»rnrs"v  bad 
suffered  a  lo«  of  at  least  £15.000  r^ing  to 
the  event;:  of  List  Eav-ter  wef*k,  and  he  w»»s 
still  in  hopes  of  getting  hack  a.  substantial 
part  of  it. 

GRAND    CANAL    COMPANY, 

At  the  annual  n,en;*v;_l  .Tiec+inq-  of  tbe  share- 
holders of  the  Graml  Canal  Comnanv.  held' 
on  Thursday,  15th  February,  19'7.  'at  the 
offices,  James's  street  Harbour.  Dublin,  the 
Right  Hon.  L.  A.  Waldron,  Chairman,  re- 
ferred  to  the  rebellion,  and  said  the  rebels 
were  in  possession  of  what  were  formerly 
Messrs.  William  Jameson's  premises,  now 
owned  bv  the  Dublin  Distillers'  Company, 
and  the  King's  troops  were  in  Messrs.  Guin- 
ness'5: hirae  store:  so  that  over  the  premises 
in  which  they  were  now  sitting  and  the  yard 
and  harbour  in  front  of  them  builds  were 
flviug  for  some  days.  That  was  not  an  ,-ilmos- 
phere  in  which  the  carrying  trade  could  be 
pursued  and  for  fourteen  days  traffic  was 
totally  interrupted.  They  had  claimed  in  re- 
spect of  this  from  the  Government  a  sum  of 
£2.148,  but  they  were  told  that  for  this  de- 
scription of  damage  it  was  intended  in  make 
no  compensation  The-  teason  or  equity  of 
this  decision  was  nrt  apparent,  and  they  had 
pressed,   and   would  piess  their  claim. 


33 


STORY  OF  THE  GREAT  FIRES. 

TOLD    BY    CAPTAIN     PURCELL,    CHIEF 
OF  DUBLIN    FIRE   EUGADE. 

£2,500,000  is  put  '■"own  as  an  approximate 
value  of  all  the  buildings  and  stock  destroved 
b.v  the  fires  in  Dublin  during  the  rebellion.  It 
is  the  estimate  of  Captain  Pureell,  Chief  of  Jhe 
Lublin  Fire  Bngace.  The  total  number  of 
buildings  involved  in  the  fires  is  over  200. 
With  the  assistance  of  a  specially  coloured  map, 
Captain  Pureell,  on  Monday,  1st  May,  de- 
scribed to  q  representative  of  the  Irish 
Tunes  the  Hjea   ol    the   fires  as   follows: — 

The  total  f.rca  burnt  on  the  east  side  of 
Sackville  street  district  includes — Portion  of 
the  block  between  Cathedral  street  and  Earl 
street,  the  whole  block  (between  Earl  street 
and  Sackville  place,  bounded  by  Nelson  lane 
at  the  back ;  portion  of  the  block  between 
Sackville  place  and  Abbey  street,  the  whole 
block  between  Abbey  street  and  Eden  quay, 
bounded  by  Marlborough  street  on  the  east. 
The  area  of  this  east  side  district  is  27,000 
square  yards.  Among  the  principal  establish- 
ments in  the  area  were  the  Royal  Hibernian 
Academy,  Clery's  warehouse,  the  Imperial 
Hotel,  the  D.B.C-,  the  branches  of  the  Hiber- 
nian Bank  and  the  Munster  and  Leinster 
Bank,  Wynn's  Hotel,  Hoyte's,  the  druggists; 
Messrs.  Hamilton  and  Long's,  Sir  Joseph 
Downes's  new  restaurant  and  bakery,  Law- 
rence's shops  and  warehouse.  Messrs.  Hopkins 
and  Hopkins'  jewellery  establishment,  and 
the  four  publicnouses — Messrs.  Nagle's  and 
Sheridan's,  in  North  Earl  street ;  Messrs. 
Mooney's  in  Lower  Abbey  street,  and  Messrs. 
Mooney's  on  Eden  quay,  etc. 

On    the    west   side    of    Sackville    street    the 
area  destroyed  by  fire  is  as  follows  : — Portion 
of  the  block  bounded  by  Henry  street,  Henry 
place,  and  Moore  street;  portion  of  the  block 
fronting   Henry  street,   between    Moore   street 
and    Cole's    lane,    running    back    in    part    to 
Samson'=    lane ;    the    whole    block    from    the 
General    Post    Office   back    to    Arnott's    ware- 
house,    fronting    to     Henry    street     back    to 
Prince's   street;    the    greater    portion    of    the 
block  from  Sackville  street  fronting  to  Lower 
Abbey  street  back  to  Prince's  street  and  to- 
wards Liffey    street,   within    a   short   distance 
of  the  I  tide  pendent  Printing  Office,  where  the 
fire  was  stopped  ;  portion  of  the  block  to  the 
south  side  of  Middle  Abbty  street,   with  two 
houses  fronting  to  Sackville  street,  up  to  and 
including  No.   62  Middle  Abbey  street.     This 
area  of  the  fires  on  the  west  side  of  Sackville 
■treet  is  34,000  square  yards  in   extent.     The 
principal     buildings    b*.>rnt    are    the    General 
Post    Office,    the    Hot^l    Metropole.     Messrs. 
Eason     and     Son's,     Messrs.     Manfield's    new 
warehouss,    the     Freeman's    Journal     Office, 
Messrs.    Bewley's,   Messrs.    Alexander   Pierie's 
wholesale        pap'*        warehouse,        Hampton 
Leedom's,    MesO*.    Curtis    and     Son's     brass 
foundry   and    munition    factory,    where    much 
work   has   be<»   going  on   recently;    the   Oval 
Bar,  Messrs.  Thorn's  Printing  Works,  Messrs. 
Bealy,    Bvyers,    and    Walker's,    and    Messrs. 
FitzgeraT  re,   etc. 

Outside    these    principal    areas    there    were 
ib.ee  in  two  houses  in  Harcourt  6treet  of  £85 


valuation,  and  at  Nos.  1,  2,  and  3  Usher's 
quay,  and  round  the  corner  into  Bridge 
street,  including  two  tenement  houses,  and 
Doherty's  Hotel,  Nos  17  to  21  Bridge  street, 
where  the  fire  was  stopped  before  it  reached 
the  Brazen  Head  Hotel.  These  places  have 
a  total  valuation,  of  £277. 

Another  area  of  fire  outside  the  Sackville 
street  districts  is  that  including  the  ancient 
Linen  Hall  Barracks,  one  of  the  landmarks 
in  the  history  of  a  great  national  industry, 
recently  the  seat  of  the  Civic  Exhibition, 
and  latterly  the  office  of  the  Army 
Pay  Department.  Here  32  clerks  were 
employed.  They  v  ere  surrounded  and 
besieged  for  four  days  and  unaLle  to  get 
food.  Twice  this  place  was  fired.  The  staff 
dealt  with  it  themselves.  The  Fire  Brigade 
could  not  approach  it.  It  is  stated  that  on 
the  fourth  day  the  Tebels,  by  means  of  the 
bombs  at  the  rear,  ignited  the  building  by 
setting  fire  to  a  wooden  structure,  erected  at 
the  time  of  the  L.vic  Exhibition.  This  was  a 
ready  prey  to  flames.  This  fire  involved 
the  portion  of  the  Linen  Hall  occupied  by 
Messrs.  Hugh  Moore  and  Alexanders,  Ltd., 
wholesale  druggists  and  drysaltere.  The 
premises,  which  covered  about  two  acres,  con- 
tained huge  stores  of  oils  and  chemicals. 

Some  small  conceptio  '  of  the  work  of  the 
Brigade  and  the  dange  ';o  the  c.'ty  of  utter 
ruin  may  be  gathered  L'om  the  _\:story 
Captain  " Pureell  gave  v  the  fires  „>.ao  oc- 
curred and  how  the  Brigade  dealt  with 
them,  Captain  Purcell's  story  is  as  follows  : — ■ 
The  first  call  came  at  3.58  p.m.  on  Monday, 
24th  April.  It  was  from  the  Ordnance  Depart- 
ment at  Island  Bridge,  stating  there  was  a  fire 
at  the  Magazine  in  the  Phoenix  Park.  A  de- 
tachment was  sent  with  a  motor  engine  from 
the  Thomas  street  section.  They  made  their 
wav  round  Steevens'  lane  and  Kingsbridge, 
and  managed  to  get  to  the  Magazine  without 
opposition.  They  fcund  one  section  of  the 
Magazine  on  fire.  Thb  contained  large  quan- 
•  tities  of  small  arms  and  a  large  number  of 
boxes  of  ammunition.  That  section  of  the 
Magazine  was  more  or  less  destroyed,  but  the 
remainder  was  saved.  In  the  meantime  Lieu- 
tenant Myers,  who  attended  with  another 
motor  engine,  was  held  up  at  a  barricade  by 
Sinn  Feiuers  with  loaded  revolvers.  One  of 
these  weapons  was  placed  at  the  head  of  the 
driver,  and  he  was  ordered  to  return. 

(The  Irish  Times  on  Friday,  5th  May,  rub- 
lished  the  following:: — "Lieutenant  Myers,  of 
the  Dublin  Fire  Brigade,  requests  us  to  von- 
tradict  the  statement,  in  a  recent  issue,  that 
he  was  hel<-'  up  at  a  barricade  by  Sir-  Feiners 
with  loaded  revolvers  while  proceeding  to  the 
fire  at  the  Magazine  in   the   Phoenix   Park.) 

The  following  is  the  entry  in  the  log  book 
at  the  Tara  street  Central  Fire  Station  : — 
"Monday,  24th  April,  1916. 
"3.58  p.m. — By  'phone  from  Ordnance  De- 
partment,   Island    Bridge,    'phone    No.    3739. 
Fire  in   Magazine   Fort,    Phoenix    Park.      Sent 
same   to   A   Station   to  attend,   C.    and    D.    to 
stand  by,  also  to  police  and  water  control. 
"3.59  p.m. — Motor  left  for  same. 
"4.6  p.m. — Motor  returned,  stree1-  barricaded 
at  Church  street  Bridge.     Officer  in  charge  of 
Volunteers  refused  to  let  brigade  pass." 


34 


At  10.6  p.m.  on  Monday  a  box  call  came 
from  the  alarm  at  Nelson's  Pillar  that  there 
waa  a  fire  in  the  Cable  Shoe  Company's  shop 
in  Sackville  street,  The  fire  looked  danger- 
ous, and  at  10.24  p.m.  the  Buckingham  street 
section  seat  for  more  help.  The  Tara  street 
section  also  arrived.  The  fire  was  extin- 
guished at  10.59  p.m.  At  11.30  p.m.  there 
was  a  call  of  fire  in  the  True  Form  Shoe  shop, 
also  in  Sackville  street.  This  place,  like  the 
Cable  Sboe  shop,  had  been  looted,  and 
papers,  etc..  set  alight.  The  fire  was  extin- 
guished at  1230  a.m.  on  Tuesday  morning. 
THE    SECOND    DAY. 

Tue«dav  25th.  began  with  three  simultaneous 
fires  in  being.  At"  12  1  a.m.  Tuesday  con- 
tinued Captain  Purcell.  we  were  told  that 
No  4  North  Earl  street,  was  burning.  Ihe 
outbreak  was  extinguished  at  12.53  a.m.  At 
4  11  p  m  on  the  same  day  the  fire  at 
Lawrence's,  in  Sackville  street,  began.  A 
call  tor  move  help  was  made  at  4.15  p.m. 
We  fought  it  until  a  Quarter  past  eight 
when  it  was  practically  extinguished,  and 
about  half  of  Lawrence's  premises  were ;  saved. 
While  working  at  Lawrences  foe  voueymg 
and  firm-  was  going  on  at  the  General  Post 
Office  and  Lawrence's  was  in  tne  line  of  fire. 
While  the  Brigade  was  working  a  man  and  a 
woman  were  shot  beside  the  engine  at  the 
Henry  street-Sackville  street  corner.  A  man, 
the  brother  of  one  of  the  brigade  turncocks  was 
shot  be*:de  the  engine  driver  at  Cathedral 
nlace  the    man    leaves    a   wife    and    seven 

children      From    the   top  floor   of    Lawrence  s 
the   Brigade  by  means  of  an  escape  rescued  a 
man  and  woman   from   a  top  window. 
THE    THIRD   DAY. 

\t  19  59  p  m  on  Wednesday  ,26th, Williams'  a 
Stores  at  the  back  ot  Henry  street  caught  fire. 
TKeioTes  were  being  looted  at  the  time.  Five 
men 'whom  the  flames  prevented  from  getting 
l  .7  hv  the  way  thev  had  entered  ran  right 
*u     ,„,K    to    Heurv    street    when    the   firemen 

,?ve  The  fire  was  extinguished  rt  2  51  p.m. 
K!  Brigade  saved  the  :building  but  the  con- 
,.,-,.  ^1  keen  looted.  At  5.14  p.m.  further 
fires  took  place  at  Williams  s  and  were  extin- 
guished. At  6.59  p.m.  there  was  a  fire  at  the 
N,  rtb  Wall  in  a  quantity  ot  jute.  Vve  did  not 
'.„  lt  as  tbe  bridges  were  up  and  we  could 
n,  t  get  there.  One  of  the  company  s  men 
kept  H    down,    and    there    was  no    fear    of    it 

^eadirvg   to  anything   else.     An  outbreak  in 
TJooer    Sackville    street    was    notified    at   8.7 
p  in    on  WedDesdav,  but  it  was  small. 
THURSDAY     271h. 

V7,-  attended  a  five  at  Harcourt  street  at  5.7 
.,  „,'  on  I'hursday,  27th.  It  was  in-t  behind 
the  Ross*"  Hotel.  By  7  o'clock  we  had  saved 
naif  the  house  and  v  <•  soon  extinguished  the 
(•','.,  Here  we  found  a  rifle,  a  bag  of  ammuni- 
tion and  ,v'"  ■  A  '"|j;ui  vnl,mtPer 
.  ,'  , , i  _ i , > « -  ; 1 1  the  corner.  Tin-  Linen  Hall  fire 
^a,  reported  al  9.50  a  m..  rut  was  suppressed 
bv  the  private  appliance?  tl  ere. 

WHERE    THE    GREAT    FIRE    BEGAN. 
We  were  informed  ■>'    12.32  fim.   th.it   there 
v  aa  a  (ire  in  the   fri-»h  Time  Reserve  I'mt- 
j,..r  QrFice  in  Abbey  sli'i    I.     As  that  area  was 


the  scene  of  terrible  rifle  firing  at  the  time  I 
did  not,  said  Captain  Purcell,  allow  the 
Brigade  to  attend.  The  fire  spread  very 
rapidly  owing  to  the  barrier  of  furniture  and 
bales  of  paper  that  had  been  placed  across  the 
street.  The  barrier  extended  from  the  / ri&h 
Times  Office  to  Wynn's  Hotel,  and  earned  the 
fire  stra:ght  across  to  that  side.  That  was 
where  tne  great  fire  began.  As  to  how  it 
grew  I  know  nothing,  except  that  heavy 
cannonading  was  going  on.  The  military 
were  shelling  th&t  district. 

THE  FIRE  SPREAD  RAPIDLY. 
At  2.52  p.m.  we  were  informed  that 
it  had  reached  Sackville  place,  in  the  rear 
of  the  Irish  Timp*  building.  All  I  could  do 
cvas  to  observe  through  a  glass  from  our 
tower  the  progress  of  the  flames.  1  saw  the 
fire  creeping  along  Aooey  street  in  both 
directions  on  both  sides,  on  the  one  hand 
up  towards  the  Hibernian  Bank  at  the  coiner 
of  Sackville  street,  and  eastwards  towards 
the  Methodist  church  in  Lower  Abbey  street, 
and  then  again  on  the  south  side  \\ }  rid  s 
Hotel  made  a  terrible  blaze.  1  saw  tbe  tire 
gradually  work  up  to  Hoyte's  corner,  and 
through' the  shops  in  Sackville  street  down 
to  the  D.B.C.  restaurant.  That  being  a  very 
high  building  1  knew-  that  it  would  stop  the 
fire  for  a  time,  and  as  I  saw  the  Grand 
Restaurant  with  its  annex  behind  in  Harbour 
Court  at  the  rear  I  had  a  faint  hope  that  the 
D.B.C.  might  survive.  lt  made  a  brave 
stand  for  hours.  Then  1  noticed  an  ominous 
light  in  the  upper  lantern  windows.  It  was 
at  once  an  indication  that  the  place  was 
doomed.  Little  by  little  the  smoke  and 
llames  gathered  strength,  and  then  burst 
through  the  veutillators  and  windows.  After 
another  half  hour  the  roof  showed  up  alight 
and  the  lantern  on  top  was  wrapped  in 
flames,  and  the  whole  made  a  weird  sight. 
lt  was  then  getting  dark;  it  was  about  half 
past  seven.  Once  that  fire  was  fully  under 
way  nothing  could  have  saved  the  block. 
It  burnt  away  all  night.  I  traced  the  fire's 
path  from  the  station  tower  through  the 
various  shops  down  to  Hamilton  and  Long's, 
and  out  to  the  rear  of  the  offices  of  the 
London  and  North-Western  hailway  Com- 
pany, leaving  a  little  oasis  about  the  corner 
in  which  were  Scott's,  the  tailors,  Hopkins's, 
and  Lanigan's,  with  Lipton's  illuminated  ad- 
vertisement on  the  front  on  Eden  quay,  lt 
was  only  after  long  hours  thai  tins  cornej 
succumbed. 

HOPING    AGAINST    HOPE. 
As   to    how    tne    fire    was   going    northward^ 
I    could    form    no    accurate    opinion    owing    to 
the    huge    volumes    of    fire    between     us    and 
Clery's  At    intervals.        when        the    wind 

wafted  away  great  volumes  of  flame  and 
smoke  we  "got  glimpses  of  Clery's  still 
standing  intact.  1  was  hoping  against  hope 
that  it  might  stop  the  fire.  But  before  morn- 
ing Clery's  had  gone  the  way  of  the  rest. 
Fo"r  the  time  being  the  northern  wall  and 
gable  of  Clery's  withstood  the  fire  and  pre- 
vented it  from  going  farther  in  a  northerly 
direction.  But  tbe  Hames  mole  their  way 
behind  Allen's,  and  took  in  Sir  Joseph 
Downes's    new    bakery    and    restaurant.        At 


this  period  I  got  into  telephonic  communica- 
tion with  Hickey's  on  the  north  of  INiortn 
Karl  street,  and  was  able  to  learn  of  the 
situation  on  that  side.  This  was  at  0  a.m.  on 
Friday,   28th. 

FRIDAY'S     FIRES. 

It  is  needless  to  say,  observed  Captain 
Puree!!,  that  it  was  with  awful  pain,  amount- 
ing to  anguish  of  mind,  that  I  witnessed  this 
terrible  destruction,  that  1  felt  1  could  have 
stopped  easily  if  1  could  only  have  been 
aiiowed  with  any  reasonable  degree  of  safety 
to  approach  these  premises  earlier.  How- 
ever, added  the  captain,  we  took  our  courage 
in  our  hands.  I  decided  that  I  would  make 
an  effort,  even  at  the  eleventh  hour,  to  «top 
the  ruin.  We  proceeded  with  the  Tara 
street  section  to  Cathedral  place,  and  under 
cover  of  Hickey's  shop  and  through  the 
rooms  above  the  warehouse  we  threw  volumes 
of  water  into  Sir  Joseph  Downes's  restaurant, 
and  extinguished  the  fire,  winch  was  right  :i> 
front  and"  hkeiy  to  ignite  Hickey's  ware- 
house. For  the  time  Deing  we  saved  the 
situation.  Unfortunately,  owing  to  the  snip- 
ing that  was  going  on  m  front  from  the 
Marlborough  street  direction,  I  could  not  risk 
the  men's  lives  in  the  open,  and  was  pre- 
vented from  doing  what  I  should  have 
wished  to  do — to  get  at  the  rear  of  Downes's 
premises  and  examine  the  backs  of  Win- 
stanley's  and  Meagher's,  .winch  were 
then  intact.  We  worked  there  in 
the  open,  and  some  of  my  men's  lives 
were  threatened  by  men.  who  told  them  that 
if  they  did  not  clear  off  they  would  be  shot. 
We  had  to  retire.  That  was  at  9  a.m.  on 
Saturday. 

SATURDAYS     OUTBREAKS. 

While  we  were  thus  watcning  or  working  on 
Friday  at  the  great  fire  wj  bad  fires  in  other 
parts  of  the  city  at  the  same  time.  At  5.5 
p.m.  (hi  Friday  there  rme  a  call  of  fire  m- 
Jjower  Bridge  street.  That  was  attended  by 
the  i  nomas  street  Section,  and  after  several 
hours'  work  it  was  prevented  from  extern,  ng. 
Again  at  6.40  a.m.,  while  we  were  fighting 
at  North  Karl  street,  another  call  came  f;  im 
Harcourt  street.  This  wca  a  d wellinghou*e, 
in  which  the  fire  was  extinguished  at  8.59 
a.m.  by  the  Buckingham  street  Section.  On 
Sate:. .ay  we  knew  that  the  G.P.O.  v\as  ourn- 
ing,  but  we  could  not  go  near  it.  As  I  had 
a:  ticipated  in  regard  to  North  Earl  street,  the 
fire  worked  into  Winstanley's  and  Meagher's 
pablichouse,  and  other  shops  at  the  corner  of 
Sackville  street.  Then  it  crossed  Earl  street 
by  another  barrier  of  furniture  into  Tyler's 
boot  shop  at  the  north  coiner  of  Earl  street 
and  Sackville  street.  It  crept  eastward  through 
Eowe's  drapery  house  adjoining  Sheridan's 
public  bar.  1  had  information  ol  -ill  this,  but 
could  do   nothing   to   ,~top   it. 

MESSAGE     FROM    THE     MILITARY. 

At  3.40  p.m.  on  Saturday  the  (Tom  maud  ins 
Officer  of  the  troops  in  I'uohu  sent  me  s;iid 
Captain  Purcell.  a  special  despatch  to  say  tint 
they  had  the  leaders  of  the  rebels  in  their 
CiLstody,  and  that  they  would  now  cease  mili- 


tary operations ;  that  matters  in  the  city 
were  getting  normal,  and  that  I 
might  now  make  an  effort  to  stop 
the  fires  in  Sackville  street  and 
Abbey  street.  I  immediately  turned  out  the 
whole  force  of  the  Brigade.  We  proceeded 
to  the  great  fire  area  and  got  to  work.  We 
had  our  two  motor  engines,  and  started  on  the 
north-west  side  of  O'C'onnell  Bridge,  lifting 
water  from  the  Liffey  with  four  lines  of  deli- 
very hose.  We  had  out  six  other  lines  of  hose 
from  hydrants  in  the  vicinity  of  the  fires  all 
at  work.  At  that  time  the  Post  Office  was 
gone,  the  Hotel  Metropole  and  Ea son's  were 
going  badly,  and  Manfield's  at  the  corner,  and 
five  other  houses  from  the  corner  of  Sackville 
street,  and  extending  to  the  south  side  of 
Abbey  street,  were  burning. 

FIREMEN     DELIBERATELY     FIRED     AT. 

We  were  making  excellent  progress  towards 
stopping  the  fire  on  both  sides  of  Abbey 
street  when  the  bullets  beaja.i  to  fly  amongst 
us.  We  were  being  deliberately  fired  at. 
1  had  two  men  up  on  lire  escapes,  and  bullets 
struck  their  ladders.  Our  engines  were  shot 
at  from  the  directions  of  Westmoreland  street 
and  Aston 's  quay.  Bullets  hit  u,e  engines, 
goi  lg  tnrough  the  mudguards  and  through  the 
tit^s.  I  instantly  called  the  men  off  to  take 
cover.  I  abandoned  the  engines  and  hose  on 
the  streets,  and  rushed  the  men  in  batches  ia 
motor  ambulances  home  to  their  stations.  Then 
we  saw  the  fires  ripping  away  in  every  direc- 
tion from  the  west  along  Abbey  street  and 
along  Henry  street.  x*t  4.40  and  4.50  p.m.  I 
had  transferred  the  men  back  to  their  stations. 
They  had  been  allowed  to  work  only  little 
more  than  half  an  hour.  At  5.30  p.m.  1  re- 
ceived a  telephone  message  from  the  Pro- 
Cathedral  in  Marlborough  street  to  say  that 
Nagle's  was  burning  furiously,  and  that 
Hickey's,  the  adjoining  warehouse,  was  takin<* 
fire.  This  was  the  place  I  had  taken  so  much 
trouble  to  save.  Of  course  I  knew  that  when 
it  got  to  Hickey's,  Boyer's  new  and  ex- 
tensive warehouse  would  be  taken  in,  and  that 
the  fire  would  expend  along  thi  north  side  of 
Eail  street  and  probably  involve  the  cathedral 
in  the  rear. 

VOLUNTEERS. 

After  our  previous  painful  experience  I 
felt  that  1  was  n^t  justified  in  ordering  any 
members  of  the  Brigade  to  attend  this  new 
outv  reak.  But  being  fully  impressed  with  the 
gravity  of  the  situation  I  appea'ed  for  four 
volunteers  from  amongst  the  Brigade  in  mv 
station  to  ao  and  stop  this  (ire.  Four  men  in- 
stancy came  forward  and  proceeded  in  charge 
of  Lieut.  Myers  to  the  place  and  succeeded  in 
stopping  the  fire  at  Nagle's  before  it  had  dona 
much  harm.  They  also  insured  the  safety 
of  the  remainder  of  the  north  side  of  Fail 
street,  including  the  Cathedral  at  the  back. 
THE     CULMINATING     CALL. 

While  the  men  were  working  there  I  re- 
ceived what  I  call  the  culminating  call  of  tho 
many  from  the  doctors  and  clergymen  in 
Jervis  street  Hospital.  This  was  at  8  p.m.  on 
Saturday.  I  was  informed  that  the  fires  were 
spreading  closely  in  the  direction  of  the  hos- 


36 


jrt,  that  sparks  were  raining  on  the  glass 
*xfof  of  their  verandah,  and  they  said  that 
if  I  could  not  do  something  to  stop  the  fire's 
course  then  I  must  make  immediate  arrange- 
ments for  the  removal  of  the  patients.  To 
the  firemen's  credit,  they  one  and  all  declared 
that  they  would  save  the  hospital,  even  under 
the  bullets.  We  immediately  hurried  our 
available  force  out,  recovered  our  engines  and 
other  apparatus  from  O'Connell  Bridge,  and 
tstaited  on  fo1'  the  big  fight.  I  also  called  for  the 
assistance  of  any  available  men  and  apparatus 
from  A'essrs.  Powers'  Distillery  and  Guin- 
ne.-s's  Brewery.  Both  sections  kindly  re- 
sponded to  the  appeal,  and  sent  men  and 
means  which  I  ordered  to  work  at  various 
points.  We  fought  during  all  Saturday  night, 
stopping  the  fire  where  it  was  possible  to 
stop  it,  and  saved  the  hospital.  In  other 
directions  since  we  had  been  prevented  by 
shooting  in  the  afternoon  of  Saturday  from 
working,  fires  had  multiplied  and  increased  in 
volume  a  hundred  fold.  So  our  work  now 
consisted  of  not  attempting  to  extinguish 
what  were  already  hopeless  cases,  but  cutting 
off  in  sections  and  preventing  the  fires  from 
spreading  further.  In  this  we  _  succeeded. 
During  the  operations  the  popping  of  rifle 
ammunition  and  the  explosion  of  bombs  left 
behind  in  buildings  occurred,  and  gave  us 
peculiar  sensations,  but  they  were  not  to  be 
compared  with  the  sensations  caused  by  the 
sniping. 

By  7  o'clock  on  Sunday  morning  we  had  the 
conflagration,  as  we  may  call  it,  completely 
under  control.  But  since  then  we  have  had  to 
deal  by  detachments  with  other  outbreaks  01 
dangerous  re-kindlings  over  the  whole  area. 

WELL-KNOWN  HOUSES  DESTROYED 
AND  DAMAGED. 

A  representative  ot  the  Weekly  Irish.  Times 
compiled  a  list  of  houses  which  had  been  des- 
troyed by  fire  in  the  central  streets  of  Dublin. 
In  the  case  of  many  houses  only  the  name  of 
the  chief  firm  doing  business  there  is  given  ; 
and  other  persons  have  offices  or_  rooms  in  the 
building  as  well.  In  some  instances  the 
premises  are  only   partially   destroyed. 

The  rateable  annual  value  of  the 
various  properties  set  out  in  this 
list,  based  upon  the  new  W.na  lions 
given  in  Thorn's  Directory  for  1916,  exclusive 
of  any  estimate  for  stocks  of  goods  in  the 
different  premises,  and  also  excluding  any 
figure  for  the  General  Post  Office,  the  Royal 
Hibernian  Academy,  the  Presbyterian  Union 
Chapel,  or  the  Methodist  Church  in  Abbey 
street,  amounts  to  £241,870. 

LOWER    SACKVILLE    STREET. 

1  — Hopkins  and   Hopkins,  jewellers. 

2— William  Scott  and  Co.,  tailors. 

3— Hamilton,  Long  and  Co.,  apothecaries. 

4 — Francis  Smyth  and  Son,  umbrella  manu- 
facturers. 

The  Waverley  Hotel  and  Restaurant. 

6 — Gieat  Western    Railway  of   England. 

6  and  I — Dublin  Bread  Company  Restaurant, 
populaily    known    as   the    L)  B.C. 

Frank  "R.  Gallagher,  cigar  merchant. 


8 — Grand  Hotel  and  Restaurant. 

9— E     R.   Moore,  jeweller. 

10  and   11— Charles  L.    Reis  and  Co.,   fancy 

goods   warehouse. 

The  Irish  School  of  Wireless  Telegraphy. 

12  and    13 — The   Hibernian    Bank. 

14 — Robert   Buckham,  gentlemen's  outfitter. 

1 5 — City  and  County  Permanent  Building 
Society. 

16 — F.  Sharpley,  ladies'  and  children's  out- 
fitters. 

17— Hoyte  and  Son,  druggists. 

G.  P.   Beater,  architect  and  civil  engineer. 

18 — The  True-Form    Boot  Company. 

19 — J.  P.  Callaghan,  tailor  and  hosier. 

20 — George  Mitchell  (Ltd.),  cigar  and  wine 
merchants. 

21   to  27— The  Imperial   Hotel. 

Clerv   and   Co.    (Ltd  ),    drapers. 

28— "Richard   Allen,  tailor. 

29 — Frs.   O'Farrell  (Ltd.),  tobacco  importer. 

30 — The  Munster  and  Leinster  Bank 
{branch). 

31 — The  Cable  Boot  Company  (Ltd.) 

32 — Dunn  and  Co.,  hatters. 

33 — Lewers  and  Co.,  boys'  clothiers  and  out- 
fitters 

34—  Noblett's  Ltd. 

35 — Kapp  and  Peterson,  Ltd.,  tobacconists. 

35  to  39— Hotel   Metropole. 

39 — Henry  Grandy,  tailor. 

40 — Eason  and  Sons,  general  newspaper  and 
advertising  office  and   subscription  library. 

41 — David  Drimmie  and  Sons,  insurance 
agents. 

42 — The  Misses  Carolan,  milliners. 

43  and  44 — Manfield  and  Sons,  boot  and 
shoe  manufacturers. 

46  and  47 — John  W.  Elverv  and  Co.,  water- 
proof and  gutta  nercha  manufacturers. 

UPPCR     SACKVILLE     STREET. 

1 — John  Tyler  and  Sons,   boot  merchants 

" — Dublin  Laundry  Co  and  Dartry  Dye 
Works. 

3— John   McDowell,    jeweller. 

A — E.    Nestor,    milliner. 

5,  6,  and  7 — William  Lawrence,  photo- 
grapher and  stationer. 

8 — Henry  Taaffe,  gentlemen's  outfitter. 

SACKVILLE    PLACE. 

11 — Vacant. 

13 — Corrigan    and    Wilson,    printers. 
14— John    Davin. 

16 — Denis  J.  Egan,  wine  and  spirit  mer- 
chants. 

HENRY    STREET. 

6 — Samuel   Samuels,  jewellers. 
16 — James  O'Dwyer  and  Co.,  tailors, 
17 — Harrison   and      Co.,  cooks   and   confec- 
tioners , 

18,  19,  and  20—  Bewley,  Sons,  and  Co. 
(Ltd  ),  provision  and  general  merchant. 

21  —  Irish    Farm    Produce   (  o. 

22  and  23 — E.  Morris,  merchant  tailor. 
?'  —  The   Coliseum    J  heatre. 

25— H.  E.  Randall,  boot  and  shoe  manufac- 
turers 
26  and  28 — Maclnerney  and  Co.,  drapers. 
27 — McDowell    Brothers,    jeweller* 
29— Adelaide  Repelto,  fancy  warehouse. 


37 


30— The    World's    Fair    6W.     Stores. 

34 — Dundon  and  Co.,  tailors  and  ouif.tters. 

35 — A.  Clarke  and  Co.,  millinery  and  gene- 
ral  fancy   warehouse. 

36 — Madame  Drago,   hairdresser. 

37 — E.  Marks  and  Co.  (Ltd.),  Penny  Bazaar. 

38 — R.  and  J.  "Wilson  ana  Co.,  confectioners 
and    fancy    bakers. 

39 — McCarthy  and  Co.,  costume  and  mantra 
warehouse. 

40 — Bailey    Brothers,    tailors. 

40\ — Mrs.  Charlotte  Gahagan,  ladies'  out- 
fitter. 

41a — Joseph    Calvert,    provision  merchant. 

41 — Patrick  M'Givney,  cutler  and  optician. 

42 — John  Murphy,   spirit  merchant. 

43 — R.  ind  J.  Dick,  boot  and  shoe  manufac- 
turers. 

44 — Caroline  E.  Fcgan  and  Co.,  underdo  th* 
ing  factory. 

49 — Menzies    and    Co.,    milliner's. 

50 — Hampton,  Leedom  and  Co.,  hardware 
merchants. 

51  —  Hayes,  Conyngham,  and  Robinson, 
chemists. 

52 — Miss   White,  milliner. 

53 — Maples  and   Co.,   tailors. 

LOWER    ABBEY   STREET. 

1 — Young  and  Co..  Ltd.,  wine  and  spirit 
merchants. 

2 — J.    I     Kelly   and  Co.,  cycle  agents. 

3 — J.  J.   Keating,  cycle  and  motor  dealers. 

4 — Irish  Timet.  Ltd.,  reserve  printing 
offices. 

5 — Ship    Hotel   and   Tavern. 

6 — The.   Abbey   Toilet   Saloon,   Ltd. 

7 — John  Hyland  and  Co.,  wholesale  wine 
merchants. 

8 — C.    G.    Henry,    wholesale   tobacconist. 

Presbyterian  Church — Rev.  John  C.  Johns- 
ton,   M.A.,    minister. 

28 — Patrick  Foley,  wine  and  spirit  mer- 
chant. 

29 — Denis  Nolan,  private  hotel. 

30 — Francis   Ma  mane,    furrier. 

31 — William  Collins,  oil  importer  and  hard- 
ware  merchant. 

32 — Humber.  Ltd.,  cycle  and  motor  manu- 
facturers,   wholesale    depot. 

32 — The   Leader   Newspaper. 

32    and    33 — Kcaling's    Motor   Works. 

32  and  33 — The  Irish  Commercial  Travel- 
lers' Association. 

33  and  34 — Percy,  Mecredy  and  Co.,  Ltd'., 
publishers;  Irish  Homestead  Publishing  Co.; 
James  M'Cullagh.  Son,  and  Co.,  wholesale 
wine  merchants;  the  Royal  Hibernian 
Academy. 

35,    36,    and    37— Wynn'e   Hotel. 
37 — Smyth  and  Co.,  Ltd.,  hosiery  manufac- 
turers. 

38 — J    Ferguson  and  Co.,  hair  dressers. 

39 — Peter   Callaghan.    gentlemen's   outfitter. 

MIDDLE    ABBEY    STREET. 

62 — Patrick   Cordon,   wine  agent. 
66— VV.  J.  Haddock,  laoies'  and  gentlemen's 
tailor. 

67 — Collins  and  Co.,  tailor*. 


68 — George  Young,  builders  and  general 
ironmongers. 

69  and  70 — Sharman  Crawford,  wine  mer- 
chant. 

71 — Dermot   Dignam.    advertising  agent. 

73 — James  Allen  and  Son,  auctioneers  and 
valuers. 

74  and  75 — Gaynor  and  Son,  cork  mer- 
chants. 

76 — Y.M.C'.A.  Supper  Room  for  Soldiers 
and    Sailors. 

78 — John  J.  Egan,  wine  and  spirit  mer- 
chant, The  Oval. 

79  and  80 — Eason  and  Son,  Ltd.,  wholesale 
newsagents. 

81   and  82— Do. 

83 — "  Evening   Telegraph  "    Office. 

84 — "Weekly  Freeman"  and  "Sport"' 
Office. 

85 — Sullivan  Brothers,  educational  pub- 
lishers. 

86 — Sealy,  Bryers,  and  Walker,  printers  and 
publishers. 

87  to  90— Alexander  Thorn  and  Co.,  Ltd., 
Government   printers  and   publishers. 

91,  92  and  93 — Fitzgerald  and  Co.,  whole- 
sale tea,   wine,    -ind   spirit  merchants. 

94— The  Wall   Paper  Manufacturing  Co. 

96 — Maunsel   and    Co.,   publishers. 

96 — Francis  Tucker  and  Co.,  Ltd  ,  church 
candle   and   altar   requisites   manufacturers. 

97 — W.  Dawson  and  Sons,  Ltd.,  wholesale 
agents. 

93  and  99 — W.  Curtis  and  Sons,  brass  and 
bell  founders,  plumbers,  electrical  and  sam- 
tarv  engineers. 

100 — J    Whitby  and  Co.,  cork  merchant;*. 

101 — John   Kane,   art   metal   worker. 

102  to  104 — National  Reserve  Headquarter* 

105 — Perfect   Dairy   Machine  Co. 

EARL    STREET. 

1A — James  Tallon,  newsagent. 

1 — T.    Carson,    tobacconist. 

2 — A.    Sullivan,    confectioner. 

3 — J.   J     Lalor,   Catholic   art  repository. 

4 — Philip  Meagher,  vintner. 

5 — James   Winstanley,   boot  warehouse. 

6 — Noveau   et  Cie,  costumiers. 

7— Sir  Joseph  Downes,   confectioner. 

25 — J.  Nagle  and  Co.,  wine  and  spirit 
merchant. 

26 — Mrs.  E.  Sheridan,  wine  and  spirit  mer- 
chant. 

27 — Delany  and  Co.,  tobacco  and  cigat 
merchants. 

27a — J.   Alexander,   merchant  tailor. 

28 — M.    Rowe   and    Co.,    general    drap'»r= 

29,  30,  and  31— John  Tyler  and  Sons  (Ltd.), 
boot   manufacturers. 

EDEN    QUAY. 

1  and  2 — Barry,  U'iWoore,  and  Co.,  ac- 
countants and  auditors. 

3 — Gerald  Mooney,  wine  and  spirit 
merchant. 

4 — The  London  and  North- Western  Railway 
Co.,  General  Inquiry  Office. 

5— -G.  R.  MesiaSj  military  and  merc'-.ant 
tailor. 

6 — The  Midland  Railway  of  England,  re- 
ceiving,  booking,  and  inquiry  office. 


6 — Wells  and  Holohan,  railway  and  ship- 
ping  agents. 

7 — J.  Hubbard  Clark,  painter  and  decorator. 

8— The  Globe   Parcel   Express. 

9 — Henry  Smith,  Ltd.,  ironmonger. 

10 — Joseph  M'Greevy,  -wine  and  spirit 
merchant. 

11— The  Douglas  Hotel  and  Restaurant. 

Ih—  Mr.  John  Dalby. 

13 — The  Mission  to  Seamen  Institute. 

14 — E.   Moore,   publican. 

PRINCES  STREET. 

15 — Princes  Stores. 

4  to  8— Freeman's  Journal  (Ltd.). 

13 — Stores. 

14— Vacant. 

15 — Pirie  and  Sons,  stores. 

MOORE    STREET. 

1  and    2 — J.    Humphrys,    wine    and    spirit 
perchant. 
3     O.    Savino,   fried   fish   shop. 
4 — Miss    B.    Morris,   dairy. 
5 — M.   J.    Dunne,  pork   butcher. 
6 — R.     Dillon,    fruiterer. 

59 — Francis  Fte,  wine  and  spirit  merchant. 
60 — Miss  M'Nally,  greengrocer. 
61 — C.  O'Donnell,  victualler. 
62 — Miss  Ward,  victualler. 

LOWER    BRIDGE    STREET. 

18— Tenements 

19    and    21—  Doherty's    Hotel. 

20 — Brazen    Head    Hotel. 


USHER'S     OUAY. 

1 — H.    Kavanagh,    wine    and 
•shant. 

2  and  3 — Dublin  Clothing  Co. 
4 — Tenements. 


spirit     mer- 


BOLTON    STREET. 

57 — George  Freyne,  hardware  merchant. 
58 — D.    Dolan,   chemist. 

59  —  W.   Leckie  and  Co.,  printers  and  book- 
binders. 

60 — Tenements. 

MARLBOROUGH   STREET. 

112 — J.   Farrell,   wine  and  spirit  merchant. 
113— Marlborough  Hotel. 

CLANWILLIAM    PLACE. 

1  and  2 — Private  houses. 

YARNHALL  STREET. 

"■* — Hugh,     Moore     and     Alexanders,     Ltd., 
•♦housale  druggists. 

I. in* i.  tall  Barracks. 

4,  5,  6,  and  7— W.   Leckie  and  Co.'s  work- 
shops 

BERu'~ORD     PLACE. 

16  and  17— Offices. 

Liberty    Hall,   hea  'quarters  of   Irish  Trans- 
port and  General  Workers'  Union. 

HARCOURT    STREET. 

P6 — -Norma      R»-eve».  tailor. 

L7a — Mrs.    Elizabeth    Bryan,    fruiterer 


IN  THE  COUNTRY. 

MANY   CONSTABULARY    KILLED    IN 
CO.   MEATH. 

On  Friday,  28th  April,  the  police  authorities 
received  information  that  Ashbourne  police 
station  had  been  attacked.  County  Inspector 
Gray,  District  Inspector  Harry  Smyth,  oi 
Navan,  and  fifty  Constabulary  left  in  motor 
cars  for  the  district,  passing  through  Slaua 
and  Balrath  towards  Kilmoon,  where  there  is 
another  small  barracks  a  short  distance  from 
Ashbourne.  The  motor  cars  had  proceeoed  a 
shirt  distance  from  Kilmoon,  which  is  on  an 
eminence,  and  at  the  foot  of  which  a  small 
road  branches  off.  The  police  did  not  know  the 
rebels  were  at  hand,  the  intention  being  to 
get  out  of  the  motor  cars  and  march  to  Ash- 
bourne. The  Sinn  Feiners  had,  however, 
secreted  themselves  in  a  small  grove  by  the 
roadside  at  a  place  near  Rathgate.  They  had 
entrenched  themselves  in  the  field,  and  at. 
each  end  of  the  road'  Hey  had  taken 
up  a  position  for  attack.  Hardy  had 
the  police  got  out  of  the  motor  cars 
at  the  ascent  of  the  hill  than  a  fusillade 
of  bullets  was  sent,  into  their  midst.  Sergeant 
J.  Shanagher,  of  Navan,  was  shot  through  the 
heart  almost  as  he  was  leaving  his  car. 
The  small  police  party  at  once  took  what 
cover  they  could  obtain  beside  the  motor  cars 
and  in  the  ditches.  The  rebels,  however, 
closed  in  from  all  directions,  and  sent  a  mes- 
senger to  the  county  inspector  demanding  the 
surrender  of  all  his  men. 

KOW    DISTRICT    INSPECTOR    SMYTH    MET    HIS 
DEATH. 

County  Inspector  Gray  declined,  and  gave 
directions  to  his  men  to  return  the  fire. 
Handicapped  by  their  cramped  position,  the 
police  nevertheless  held  their  ground,  and  the 
coui  fcv  inspector  fell  wounded,  shot  through 
both  hands  and  part  of  the  body.  Several 
other  casualties  occurred  among  the  police, 
and  sniping  proceeded  for  over  four-and-a-half 
hours.  District  Inspector  Smytu, of  Navan,  was 
twice  wounded,  but,  followed  by  a  sergeant 
and  some  constables,  he  pluckily  crept  along 
the  roadside  ditch  towards  the  rebels,  who 
were  gradually  closing  in.  Sergeant 
Young,  of  Kilmoon,  was  next  shot 
dead.  Other  constables  were  being  hit,  but 
one  wounded  policeman  from  beneath  a  motor 
car  continued  to  the  to  the  last.  Suddenly 
the  rebels  appeared  on  the  ridge  overhead, 
and  the  district  inspector  fell  dead  with  a 
ballet  through  his  forehead.  An  unarmed 
chauffeur  named  Kepp,  in  the  employ  of  the 
Marquis  Convngham,  of  Slane  Castle,  was 
shot  in  the  leg  by  an  explosive  bullet,  and 
had  to  have  his  leg  amputated,  but  he  died. 
Ihe  police  fought  until  they  had  expended 
their  last  cartridge,  and  when  they  saw  that 
further  resistance  was  useless  they  sur- 
rendered. The  rebels  took  possession  of  the 
policemen's  rifles  and  seized  some  of  their 
equipment,  but  the  men  were  afterwards  re- 
lease!. 


Two  men — J.  J.  Carroll,  of  Kingstown,  and 
J.  Hogan — said  to  be  commercial  travellers, 
who  were  passing  at  the  time,  were  shot  dead. 

The  names  of  the  men  of  the  Royal  Irish 
Constabulary  killed  and  wounded  in  this  en- 
gagement will  he  found  in  the  official  casualty 
lists  on  page  57. 


SHELLS    FROM     A    DESTROYER    IN 

GALWAY   BAY. 

On  Easter  Tuesday  morning  it  was  de- 
finitely announced  by  the  authorities  that 
about  four  hundred  of  the  Sinn  Fein  party 
were  marching  on  Galway  and  had  reached 
Merlin  Park,  the  residence  of  Captain  and 
Lady  Philippa  Waithmore.  Great  alarm  was 
naturally  felt,  and  the  loyal  citizens  got  to- 
gether every  available  firearm.  The  police 
acted  splendidly.  Although  many  of  the  men 
had  been  out  on  duty  for  eighteen  hours,  they 
responded  to  the  call,  and,  in  spite  of  the  fact 
that  a  comparatively  small  number  only  could  be 
spared  to  go  in  the  direction  of  Merlin  Park, 
they  obeyed  the  order  to  go  there.  Another 
body  went  out  on  the  Tuam  road,  as  it  was 
expected  that  th~  rebels  would  cut  across  from 
the  Oranmore  road  and  storm  the  town  from 
the  Bohermure  side.  In  the  meantime  a  num- 
ber of  the  citizens  and  county  gentlemen  re- 
siding in  the  danger  zone  had  armed  them- 
selves. However,  in  the  midst  of  all 
the  excitement  and  bustle,  the  boom- 
ing of  big  guns  rang  out  in  the 
bay,  and  Galway  was  saved.  Shells  had 
burst  close  to  the  insurgents,  and  they  fled 
for  their  lives  back  to  Oranmore.  One  shell, 
which  fell  close  to  the  village,  showed  them 
that  they  were  not  out  of  danger,  and  they 
started  for  the  old  uninhabited  Castle  of 
Moyode,  which  is  about  three  miles  from 
Craughwell.  A  body  of  the  rebels  had  taken 
possession  of  the  Model  Farm  at  Athenry, 
but,  fearing  the  shell-fire  from  the  warship, 
they   were  ordered   to  proceed  to   Moyode. 

CONSTABLE     KILLED     AT    CARNMORE. 

Affairs  at  Carnmore  on  the  previous  evening 
were  exciting,  and  resulted  in  the  death  of 
Constable  Patrick  Whelan.  District  Inspector 
Heard  motored  out  late  at  night  with  a  body 
of  fully  armed  police  to  Carnmore,  about  threa 
miles  from  Galway.  On  arriving  there  a  num- 
ber of  shots  were  fired,  and,  as  Mr.  Heard 
and  Constable  Whelan  were  stepping  from  the 
motor,  the  constable  got  a  full  charge  of  No. 
3  shot  in  the  head,  blowing  off  the  side  of  his 
face  and  killing  him  instantly.  Mr.  Heard  at 
once  started  firing  at  the  gang.  The  man 
who  fired  the  fatal  shot  was  seen  to  be  carry- 
in?  a  gun  of  antique  pattern,  and  it  is  believed 
that  he  was  shot  in  the  back  while  getting 
pver  a  stone  wall. 

THE     ORANMORE    DISTRICT. 

In  Oranmore  some  exciting  scenes  took 
place.  The  police  barracks  were  rushed  and 
the  police  captured.  Sergeant  Healy  got  away 
tnd  barricaded  himself  in  a.  house  on  the  op- 
posite side  of  the  street.     A  man  came  to  the 


door  and  demanded  the  sergeant's  surrender., 
No  reply  was  given,  and  the  rebels  en-»' 
deavoured  to  force  the  door.  Sergeant  Healy 
fired  a  revolver  shot  through  the  door,  and 
the  crowd  dispersed.  Ten  minutes  later 
County  Inspector  Ruttledge,  from  Galway,  ac- 
companied by  a  body  of  police,  charged  up  tha 
street  in  a  gallant  manner.     The  rebels  fled. 

The  arrests  of  several  well-known  men  ill 
Galway  caused  some  excitement.  The  policd 
returned  to  their  quarters  at  Oranmore  Bar- 
racks, but  a  large  number  of  extra  men  r©»  ' 
mained  in  Galway.  Three  large  motor  car?,  i 
capable  of  carrying  forty  persons,  for  several 
c'ays  made  two  daily  trips  to  country  dis- 
tricts, and  on  each  occasion  returned  wifcU 
about  sixty  prisoners. 

THE    ENNISCORTHY    RISING. 

The  first  armoured  train  used  in  Ire- 
land was  employed  in  connection  wita 
the  Enniscorthy  revolt.  "It  was  a  hoinQ 
made  fighting  machine,  slung  together  hur» 
riedly,  but  very  effectively,  of  materials  to 
hand.  It  consisted  of  an  ancient,  but  stilt 
serviceable  engine,  in  the  proud  charge  of  a 
richly  humorous  Hibernian.  There  were  two 
or  three  shell  trucks  sheckled  to  the  ei.gine, 
armoured  with  hastily-pierced  sheets  of  iron, 
and  the  whole  amazing  contraption  was 
painted  slate  colour." 

The  Enniscorthy  rebels  waited  for  informa- 
tion from  their  leaders  that  the  City  of  Dub- 
lin had  been  captured,  and  when  this  infor- 
mation came  to  hand  the  local  rebels  imme- 
diately gave  orders  to  their  forces  to  begin 
action.  They  first  seized  the  business  houses 
of  the  town  and  also  the  railway  station,  and 
held  up  a  train  which  was  on  its  way  from 
Wexford  with  300  workmen  for  Kynoch's 
factory.  The  engine  wi  detached  from 
the  train,  and  the  men  were  permitted  to 
walk  back  to  Wexford  by  the  railway  line. 
The  rebels  then  debated  amongst  them- 
selves the  advisability  of  blowing  up  the  fine 
bridge  at  Enniscorthy,  but  fortunately  aban- 
doned the  idea.  They  then  attempted  to  blow 
up  the  bridge  of  Scurawalsh,  which  crosses 
the  River  Slaney  on  the  main  road  between 
Wexford  and  Enniscorthy.  Before  doing  so 
they  warned  the  old  and  respected 
blacksmith,  named  Carton,  who,  with  his 
family,  lived  in  a  house  close  to  the  bridge. 
The  signalling  wires  on  the  railway  were  cut, 
and  the  instruments  in  the  cabin  were  de- 
stroyed. Between  Enniscorthy  and 
Ferns  an  extensive  trench  was  dug, 
and  the  rebel  forces  advanced  and 
captured  the  town  of  Ferns,  mak- 
ing tho  ancient  mansion  of  St.  Aidan's  their 
headquarters.  Then,  when  they  thougnt  they 
were  firmly  entrenched,  they  advanced  a  littta 
in  the  Gorey  direction,  but  just  then  a  train 
which  contained  a  few  military  arrived  at 
Camolin  Station.  On  seeing  the  soldiers,  who 
were  there  for  ordinary  guard  duty,  and  had  no 
knowledge  of  the  "  rising,"  the  rebels  hastily 
retreated  to  their  stronghold  at  Enniscorthy; 
Here,  however,  they  learned  to  their  dismay 
that  a  military  armoured  train,  including  tha 


40 


row  famous  "  Enniscorthy  Emily,"  a  15- 
pounder  gun,  was  on  the  south,  side  of  the 
town,   and  only  about  six   miles  distant. 

Some  of  tbe  rebels  had  taken  up  positions  on 
Vinegar  Hill,  which  overlooks  the  town  of 
Enniscorthy.  A  council  of  war  was  held,  but 
the  deliberations  were  brought  to  an  abrupt 
conclusion  by  a  well  planted  shell  which  the 
gunner  of  "  Enniscorthy  Emily "  discharged 
at  the  hill.  The  shell,  which,  it  is  stated, 
was  a  blank  one,  landed  plump  amongst  the 
rebels,  who  hoisted  white  flags  on  the  hill, 
while  two  hundred  of  the  insurgents  bolted 
for  the  hills.  Many  of  the  escaping  rebels 
were  captured.  Hie  others  laid  down  their 
arms  unconditional!}. 

AFFRAY  AT  FERMOY. 

Although  there  was  considerable  movement 
in  Cork  City  and  County,  no  disturbance 
took  place,  apart  from  that  near  Fermoy, 
where  Head  Constable  Rowe,  of  the  Royal 
Irish  Constabulary,  met  his  death.  Early  on 
Easier  Tuesday  a  body  of  police  proceeded 
to  make  an  arrest  at  Bawnard  House,  Castle- 
lyons,  near  Fermoy,  occupied  by  Mrs.  Kent, 
a  farmer's  widow,  and  her  four  sons.  Re- 
sistance was  offered  to  the  police  by  the 
Rents,  and  in  the  fighting  Head  Constable 
Rowe  was  shot  dead.  Military  assistance  was 
procured,  and  the  Kents  surrendered.  Richard 
Kent  attempted  to  make  his  escape,  and  was 
shot,  with  fatal  results.  Thomas  Kent  was 
tried  at  Cork  by  court-martial  for  the  murder 
of  the  Head  Constable,  found  guilty,  and 
executed.  William  Kent  was  tried  on  the 
same  charge  and  acquitted.  David  Kent  was 
tried  later  in  Dublin  on  the  same  charge, 
found  guilty,  and  sentenced  to  death,  with  a 
recommendation  to  mercy  on  account  of  his 
yt\lnv<  <T,url  character,  and  hi?  sentence  was 
commuted  to  five  years'  penal  servitude. 

DESTROYERS   L.4ND  TROOPS  AT 
SKERRIES. 

Of  the  outlying  portions  of  County  Dublin 
affected  by  the  rising,  Skerries,  had  not 
the  least    exciting   experience. 

On  Easter  .Monday  a  war  demonstration  had 
been  advertised,  with  Mr.  Juhn  J.  Clancy, 
K.C.,  member  for  North  Dublin,  in  the  chair, 
and  speakers  from  the  Recruiting  Department. 
When  the  occupants  of  the  platform  had  tak>n 
their  places  word  reached  the  local  committee 
that  the  bridge  at  Donabate  had  been  just 
blown  up,  that  the  train  bringing  the  Chair- 
man and  speakers  wa.s  held,  up,  and;  that  the 
Sinn  Feiners  were  out.  Notwithstanding  this 
grave  yews,  it  was  decided  not  to, alarm  the 
audience,  but  to  hold  the  meeting.  Mr.  Eat-; 
tersby,  K.C.,  was  accordingly  moved  to  the 
chair."  Local  speakers^Captajn-  Taylor,  Mr. 
Fitzpatrick,  and  Mr.  Malone,  with  Lieutenant 
Clahcy-ptook  the  place  of  the  absentees, 
and  certificates  were  given  to  the  relatives  of 
Skerries,  soldiers— one  hundred  ,in,  all — and  the 
meeting  passed  off  successfully. 


On  Tuesday,  25th  April,  the  police  got  word 
that  the  Marconi  station  recently  erected  by 
the  Admiralty  was  to  be  attacked  and  some  of 
the  principal  houses  raided.  There  was  conster- 
nation at  this  report,  as  the  wireless  operators 
were  unarmed,  and  there  were  only  seven 
soldiers  to  guard  the  station,  while  the  police 
force,  under  Sergeant  Burke,  to  whose  energy 
and  ability  throughout  the  week  a  warm  tri- 
bute must  be  paid,  was  wholly  inadequate  to 
protect  the  town.  So  great  was  the  alarm 
that  some  of  the  townsfolk  left  their  houses, 
and  paced  the  shore  as  the  safest  place  in  case 
of  a  raid.  The  attack,  however,  did  not  come 
off;  but  on  Wednesday  morning  information 
was  received  of  the  capture  in  succession  of 
Swords,  Donabate,  where  a  second  attempt 
was  made  to  blow  up  the  railway,  and  Lusk, 
which  had  the  reputation  of  being  a  hot-bed 
of  Sinn  Feiners,  and  it  was  definitely  stated 
that  the  rebels  were  on  their  way  to  Skerries. 
Preparations  were  at  once  made  to  receive 
them. 

Captain  Battersby,  on  sick  leavt,  wounded, 
took  command  of  the  small  force  in  charge  of 
the  wireless  station.  Miss  Battersby,  with 
the  assistance  of  Miss  McGusty  and  the  Misses 
Clifford  and  Dr.  Healy,  organised  a  Red  Cross 
hospital  in  the  Carnegie  Library. 

BOATLOADS    OF    SOLDIERS. 

People  from  the  village  gathered  on  the  hill 
above  the  Marconi  station  in  order  to  see  the 
coming  light,  when  a  destroyer  was  seen 
steaming  at  a  great  pace  from  Lambay  Island. 
As  she  drew  nearer,  it  was  seen  that  she  was 
crowded  with  soldiers.  A  rush  was  made  by 
the  townsfolk  to  the  harbour,  and  in  a  very 
few  minutes  boatloads  of  military  were  quickly 
rowed  to  the  pier,  and  two  hundred  men  of 
the  North  Staffordshire:;,  under  the  command 
of  Captain  Clay,  were  landed  and  marched  to 
the  wireless  station,  where  they  entrenched 
in  the  ditches  surrounding  the  station.  The 
town  was  saved,  and  in  the  offing  two  gun- 
boats patrolled,  their  guns  being  within  reach 
of  the  coast  roads,  by  which  the  rebels  were 
expected  to  arrive. 

On  Thursday,  27th  April,  the  Staffords  dug 
themselves  in,  put  up  barricades  of  carts  and 
sandbags  on  ail  the  roads  loading  into  Skerries, 
and  made  every  preparation  for  a  siege. 

The  Harristown  and  Ashbourne  rebels  were 
stated  to  have  joined  the  Lusk  contingent, 
but  if  this  were  so  they  must  have  received 
news  of  the  military  force  which  had  landed, 
and  of  the  guns  of  the  warships  trained  on 
the  town  and  roads,  and  come  to  the  con- 
clusion that  discretion  was  the  better  part  of 
valour,  as  the  next  news  was  that  they  had 
returned  to  Dublin,  The  scare  was  conse- 
quently at  an  end. 

The  North  Staffords  remained  some  time 
in  Skerries,  and  nearly  twenty  persons  were 
arrested  and  sent  to  .Dublin. 


Further  details  of  Sinn  Fein  proceedings 
in  various  parts  of  the  country  will  be  found 
in  the,  evio'ence  submitted  by  police  official* 
to  the  Commission  of  Inquiry  presided  over 
by  Lord  Hardinge. 


41 


OFFICIAL    REPORTS    AND 

STATEMENTS. 


GERMAN  ATTEMPT  TO  LA  NO  ARMS. 

CAPTURE    OF    SIR     ROGER    CASEMENT. 

The  Secretary  of  the  Admiralty  marie  the 
following  announcement  on  Easter  Monday 
night,    April   24:— 

During  the  period  between  April  20  and 
April  21  an  attempt  to  land  arms  and  ammu- 
nition in  Ir3!an  I  was  made  by  a  vessel  under 
the  guise  of  a  neutral  Merchant  ship,  but  in 
realty  a  German  ansiliary  in  conjunction 
with  a  German  submarine.  Ihe  auxiliary 
was  sunk,  and  a  number  of  prisoners  ■  ?re 
made,  amongst  whom  was  Sir  Roger  Case- 
ment. 

MR.    BIRRELL'S    BULLETIN. 
On  Tuesday  evening,  25th  April,  Mr.  Birrell 
supplied    the    Lonaon    Press    with   the    follow- 
ing :—        - 

"  At  noon  yesterday  serious  disturbances 
broke    out    in    Dublin 

"  A  large  body  ul  men,  identified  with  the 
Sinn  Feiners,  mostly  armed,  occupied 
Stephen's  Green,  and  took  possession  forcibly 
of  the  Post  Urhce,  where  they  cut  the  te'.e- 
graph  and  telephone  wires.  Houses  were 
occupied  in  Stephen's  Green,  Sackville  street, 
Abbey  street,   and  along  the  quays. 

"  in  the  course  of  the  day  soldiers  arrived 
-from  the  Curragh,  and  the  situation  is  now 
well  in  hand.  So  far  as  is  known  here  three 
military  officers,  two  loyal  volunteers,  four  or 
five  soldiers,  and  two  policemen  fnve  been 
killed,  and  four  or  five  military  officers,  seven 
or  eight  soldiers,  and  six  loyal  volunteers 
wounded. 

"  No  exact  information  has  been  received  of 
casualties  on  the  side  of  tue  Sinn  Feincrs. 
Reports  received'  t'-om  Cork,  Limerick,  Ennis, 
1  ralee,  and  both  Ridings  of  Tipperarv  sho"' 
that  no  disturbances  of  any  kind  have  occurred 
in  these  localities." 

REBELS  SURROUNDED  BY  TROOPS. 

The  following  was  issued  by  the  General 
Officer  Commanding  in  Chief  in  Dublin  on 
Wednesday,   26th    April:— 

There  is  now  a  complete  cordon  of  troops 
around  the  centre  of  the  town  on  the  north 
side  of  the  river.  Two  more  battalions  are  ar- 
riving this  afternoon  (Wednesday)  from  Eng- 
land. There  has  been  a  small  rising  at  Ardee, 
Louth,  and  a  rather  .more  serious  one  at 
Swords  and  Lusk,  close  to  Dublin.  The  last 
report  I  have  shows  the  total  of  fifteen  killed 
and  twenty-one  wounded,  besides  two  loyal 
Volunteers  and  two  policemen  killed  and  six: 
loyal   Volunteers  wounded. 

MR.  ASQUITH'S  STATEMENT  IN  THE 
COMMONS. 
In  the  House  of  Commons  on  Wednesday, 
26th  April,  in  reply  to  questions  about  the 
rebellion,  Mr.  Asquith  *aid — Troops  have  ar- 
rived from  Belfast  and  from  England.  A 
building  called  Liberty  Hall  is  already  occu- 
pied by  soldiers.     So,  also,  is  Stepheu's  Green. 


Martial  law  has  been  proclaimed  in  Dublin 
City  and  County.  Drastic  action  both  to  sup- 
press the  movement  and  to  secure  the  arrest 
of  all  concerned  is  at  this  moment  being  taken. 
Outside  Dublin  the  country  is  tranquil,  and 
only  three  minor  cases  of  disturbance  are  re- 
ported. Steps  have  been  taken  to  give  full  and 
accurate  information  to  our  friends  abroad  as 
to  the  real  significance  of  this  most  recent 
German  campaign. 

The  Prime  Minister  afterwards  read  th« 
following  telegram  from  the  Viceroy: — 

Drogheda    National   Volunteers  Assist   the   Military. 

"  Situation  satisfactory.  St.  Stephen's 
Green  captured.  Eleven  insurgents  killed. 
Provincial  news  reassuring.  Inspector-Generalj 
Royal  Irish  Constabulary,  reports  that  at 
Drogheda  the  National  Volunteers  turned  out 
to  assist  the  military.  (Cheers.)  Many  pri- 
vate persons  have  offered  assistance." 

Mr.  Asquith  added  it  was  not  the  case  that 
the  rebels  had  machine  guns. 

MR.     EiRRELL     ANXIOUS     *BOyT     NEUTRALS 

Mr  Birrell  said— We  were  very  anxious" 
indeed,  during  these  last  few  days  that  news 
should  r  ,t  r.ach  the  neutral  countries,  and 
particularly  our  friends  in  America  which 
wou.d  be  calculated  to  give  them  an 
entirely  falsa  impression  as  to  the 
importance  of  what  has  taken  pla-s, 
important  as  that  is.  Therefore  during 
the  short  period  there  has  been  a  censor- 
ship—that is  to  say,  people  were  told  they 
were  not  to  communicate  to  the  Press  e~:ceot 
what  had  passed  through  the  Press  Bureau 
and  that,  I  hope,  will  be  taken  off  almost"  at 
once. 

LORD     LANSDQWNE'S     STATEMENT. 

Lord  Lansdowne,  in  the  House  of 
Lords  on  Wednesday,  26th  April,  said  th« 
Dublin  garrison  had  had  reinforcements  "rom 
Belfast  and  England,  and  th3  Sinn  Feinp.rg 
had  been  driven  out  of  Stephen's  Green  with 
a  certain  number  of  casualties.  On  Tuesday 
evening  the  military  had  succeeded  in  pro 
tecting  the  line  from  Kingsbridge  Station 
via  Irmity  College,  to  the  Customs  House 
mid  the  North  Wall.  By  midday  on  Wed- 
nesday it  was  learned  tl.at  Liberty  Hall  the 
headquarters  of  the.  Citizen  Army  and'  for- 
merly of  Mr.  Larkin,  had  been  wholly  or 
partially  destroyed  and  occupied  by  the  "mili- 
tary. Lord  Lansdowne  added  that  the 
latest  details  showed  that  there  was  a  cordon 
of  troops  round  the  centre  of  the  town  on 
the  north  bank  of  the  river,  that  two  more 
battalions  wer9  to  arrive  in  Dublin  that 
afternoon  from  England,  and  that  there  had 
been  a  small  rising  at  Ardee,  in  County 
Louth,  and  a  rather  more  serious  one  at 
Swords  and  Lusk,  near  Dublin  The 
casualties  ha  put  at  19  killed  and  27 
wounded. 

Lord  Lansdowne  gave  an  interesting  addi- 
tion to  the  oTicial  account  of  the  attempted 
German  landing  on  the  west  coast  of  Ireland 
A  German  vessel  disguised  as  a  Dutch 
trading  vessel,  and  a  German  submarine, 
brought   the  invaders.     From   the  submarul* 


42 


{here  landed  in  a  collapsible  boat  three  in- 
dividuals, of  whom  two  (one  Sir  Roger 
Casement)  were  made  prisoners.  The 
disguised  German  ship  was  stopped  by  one 
of  His  Majesty's  ships,  and  while  she  was 
being  taken  into  Queenstown  Harbour,  r>o 
prize  crew  having  been  put  on  board,  she 
exhibited  the  German  flag  and  sank  herself. 

SIR    JOHN    MAXWELL'S    APPOINTMENT. 

In  the  House  of  Commons  on  Thursday, 
27th    April:— 

Mr  Asquith  said— The  Cabinet  have 
decided  to-day  that  the  Irish  Executive  must 
at  once  proclaim  martial  law  over  the  whole 
of  Ireland.  General  Sir  John  Maxwell  left 
this  afternoon  for  Ireland,  and  has  been 
given  plenary  power  to  proclaim  martial  law 
over  the  whole  of  the  country,  and  the  Irish 
Executive  have  placed  then> -elves  at  ins 
disoosal  to  carry  out  his  instructions.  He 
added  that  there  wefe  indications  of  the 
movement  spreading,  especially  in  the  West, 
and  that  the  rebels  continued  _  to  hold  im- 
portant public  buildings  in  Dublin. 

LARGE     REINFORCEMENTS     FROM     ENGLAND. 

The  Lord  Lieutenant  issued  the  following! 
from  the  Viceregal  Lodge  on  Thursday,  27th 
April  : —  . 

In  the  last  forty-eight  hours  Katisfact-ory 
progress  has  been  made.  Enemy  activity  is 
confined  to  sniping  from  houses  in  certain  re- 
stricted areas.  Large  additional  reinforcements 
have  arrived  from  England,  and  are  in  hand 
for  disposal  as  required. 

REPORTS    FROM    VISCOUNT    FRENCH. 
HEMMING    IN    THE    REBELS. 

The  following  communication  was  issued  by 
Field-Marsha!  Viscount  French,  Command- 
ing-in-Chief  the  Home  Forces,  early  on  Satur- 
da'v  morning,  29th  April  :— 

The  military  operations  for  the  suppression 
of  the  rebellion  in  Dublin  are  proceeding 
satisfactorily.  What  may  be  described  as  the 
organised  forces  of  the  rebels  are  confined  to 
a  few  localities,  the  principal  one  being  the 
Sackville  street  distinct,  in  which  the  rebels' 
headquarters  appear  to  be  the  General  Post 
Office.  The  cordon  of  troops  round  this  dis- 
trict has  been  drawn  closer,  and  the  rebels  in 
this  locality  appear  now  to  be  confined  behind 
the  line  of  their  barricades. 

Sniping  from  houses  in  which  small  parties 
t>t  the  rebels  have  established  themselves  in 
various  parts  of  the  city  still  continues.  The 
district  where  this  is  most  prevalent  is  that  to 
the  north-west  of  the  Four  Courts,  which  is 
etill  in  possession  of  the  rebels.  The  clear* 
£nce  of  the  snipers  is  a  matter  of  time. 
•^Considerable  damage  was  caused  by  fires  ofj 
Thursday,  and  a  large,  fire  is  still  burning  in, 
Sackville  street.        ■   it  | 

I  In  other  parts  of  Ireland  the  principal 
tentres  of  disturbance  are  County  Galway 
and  Enniscorthy.  Disturbances  nave  also 
been  rftppr^ad  at'  Killamey,  Clonmel.  and 
GoreyV    •       ' 

Other  parts  of  Ireland  appear  to  be  ncrmal. 

The  general  fcrend  of.  $e  reports  received 


indicates    that    the    disturbances    are    local   in 
character. 

ON   THE  VERGE   OF    COLLAPSE. 

The  following  was  issued  by  Field-Marshal 
Viscount  French,  Commanding-in-Chief 
Home  Forces,  on  Saturday  night,  ^9th 
April  ;— 

Dublin. — The  situation  this  morning  had 
Improved  considerably,  but  the  rebels  were 
still  offering  serious  resistance  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood of  Sackville  street. 

The  cordon  of  troops  encircling  this  quar- 
ter was,  however,  steadily  closing  in,  but 
the  house  to  house  fighting  necessarily  ren-| 
dered  this  progress  slow  The  Post  Office 
and  a  block  of  buildings  east  of  Sackville 
street  have  been  destroyed  by  fire.  A  party 
of  rebels  have  been  driven  out  of  Boland*s 
mills,  Ringsend.  by  guns  mounted  on  motor 
lorries. 

One  of  the  rebel  leaders,  a  man  named 
Pearse,  was  said  to  b«  in  this  area,  and  was 
wounded  in  the  leg.  A  report  received  this 
evening  states  that  Pearse  has  surrendered 
unconditionally,  and  that  he  asserts  he  bas; 
authority  to  accept  the  same  terms  of  surren- 
der for  his  followers  in  Dublin. 

Another  leader,  James  Connolly,  is  re- 
ported  killed. 

The  Fear  Coiwta  district,  which  is  still 
held  by  the  rebels,  is  also  surrounded  by  a 
cordon  of  troops,  which  is  gradually  closing 
in. 

All  the  information  to  hand  points  to  the 
conclusion  that  the  rebellion,  so  far  as  Dub- 
lin is  concerned,  is  on  the  verge  of  collapse. 
A  considerable  number  of  rebels  are  priso- 
ners in  military  custody. 

Reports  received  this  evening  from  the  rest 
of  Ireland  are  generally  satisfactory.  The 
conditions  in  Belfast  and  the  Ulster  Province 
are  normal,  and  the  situation  in  Londonderry 
is  stated   to  1  e  quite  satisfactory. 

The  district  within  fifteen  miles  of  Gal  was 
is  also  reported  to  be  normal,  but  a  band  of 
rebels  has  been  located  between  Athenry  and 
Craughwcll. 

Nineteen  rebel  prisoners  have  been  captured 
and  are  on  their  way  to  Queenstown. 

Another  hand  of  rebels  are  reported  to  have 
entrenched  themselves  at  Enniscorthy,  but  the 
police  are  still  holding  out,  and  the  roads  and 
railways  are  clear  to  within  four  miles  of  the 
town. 

The  damage  to  the  Barrow  Bridge  on  th« 
Dublin  and  South-Eastern  Railway,  is  now 
reported  not  to  be  serious. 

DIVISION  OF  TROOPS  IN   DUBLIN1. 

An  official  intimation  was  circulated  among 
the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary  in  County  Dub-  j 
lin  on  Saturday,  29th  April,  as  follows: — 
i  The  Sinn  Fein  rebels  in  the  area  of  Cape! 
street,  Great  Britain  street,  and  Lower  Cardi. 
ner  street  are  completely  surrounded  by  a  cor- 
don of  troops,  which  is  gradually  closing  on 
the  centre.  The  troops  in  the  district  art 
gradually  overcoming  resistance.  One  of  the 
principal  rebel  leaders,  P.  H.  Pearse,  ii 
Known  to  be  inside  the  cordon  with  a  frao« 


43 


Photo   by]  [Lafayette. 

GENERAL  SIR  JOHN  G.  MAXWELL,  Commander- 
in-Chief   of   the    Forces   in    Ireland. 


Photo  by~\ 
MAJOR-GENERAL     A.     E. 
mander  of  the  troops 


{Lafayette. 
SANDBACH.        Com- 
in  the   Dublin   Area. 


Thoto  ly] 


[Lafayette. 


MAJOR-GENERAL    L.    B.    FRIEND,    who    Com- 
manded the  Forces  in  Ireland  before  Easter. 


Photo  by]  [Lafayette* 

BRIGADIER-GENERAL   W.    H.   M.    LOWE,  to 
whom    P.    H,    Pearse   surrendered. 


44 


tured  thigh.  The  woman  generally  known  as 
Countess  Markievicz  has  also  been  seen  inside. 
Another  leader,  James  Connolly,  is  reported 
killed.  The  additional  area  containing;  the 
Four  Courts  is  also  surrounded  by  a  cordon, 
which  is  closing  in  on  the  centre.  It  con- 
tains within  it  most  of  the  rebels. 

A  division  complete  with  artillery  is  now 
operating  in  the  Dublin  area,  and  more  troops 
are  constantly  arriving.  Arrangements  are 
being  made  to  intern  in  England  all  the  Sinn 
Feiners  captured  or  wounded  who  are  not 
dealt  with  here. 

Sir  Roger  Casement  has  declared  that  Ger- 
many has  sent  all  the  assistance  she  is  going 
to  send,  and  that  is  now  at  the  bottom  of  the 
sea. 

THE  UNCONDITIONAL  SURRENDER. 

On  Saturday  evening,  29th  April,  it  was. 
officially  announced  in  Dublin  that  the 
leaders  of  the  rebels  had  surrendered.  The 
following  is  an  exact  copy  oi  the  docu- 
ment : — 

In  order  to  prevent  the  further  slaughter 
of  unarmed  people  and  in  the  hope  of 
saving  the  lives  of  our  followers,  now  sur- 
rounded and  hopelessly  outnumbered,  Mem- 
bers of  the  Provisional  Government  present 
at  Headquarters  have  agreed  to  an  uncondi- 
tional surrender,  and  the  Commanders  of 
v  all  Units  of  the  Republican  Forces  Wllt 
order  their  followers  to  lay  down  their 
arms. 

(Signed), 

P.  H.  Pearse, 
29th  April,  1916,  3.45  p.m. 

I  agree  to  these  conditions  for  the  men 
only  under  my  own  command  in  the  Moore 
street  District  and  for  the  men  in  the  Stephen's 
Green  Command. 

James  Connolly. 
April    29/16. 

On  consultation  with  Commandant  Ceannt 
and  other  officers  I  have  decided  to  agree  to 
unconditional  surrender  also. 

Thomas  MacDonagh, 

BGAL'.NG    WITH    THE    RE1WN '« MT. 
The  following;  communication  was  isiued   bv 
the  Lord  Lieutenant  from  the  Viceregal  Lodge, 
Dublin,    on   Sunday,    April   30th:— 

"  Yesterday  Pearse,  the  rebel  leader,  sur- 
rendered, and  the  great  bulk  of  his  supporters 
in  the  city  and  throughout  the  country  have 
dont  likewise; 

"  Gnh  -''  f€W  detached  bodies  have  not  yet 
made  then  submission,  and  they  are  being 
effectively  dealt  with." 

A   TRUCE    AT    ENNISCORTHY. 
The  following  was  issued   by  Field-Marshal 
Viscount         French,         Commanding-in-Chlef 
Home    Forces,    on    Sunday,   ZOth   April,    6.45 

The  General  Officer  Commanding  in-Chief 
Irish  Command  has  reported  that  the  situa- 
tion in  Dublin  is  much  mora  satisfactory. 


Throughout  the  country  there  was  still 
much  more  to  be  done,  which  would  take 
time,  but  he  hopes  that  the  back  of  the  re- 
bellion has  been  broken. 

Last  night  messengers  were  sent  out  from 
the  leaders  of  the  rebels  in  Dublin  to  rebel 
forces  in  Galway,  Clare,  Wexford,  and  Dublin 
counties  ordering  surrender,  and  the  priests 
and  the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary  are  doing 
their  utmost  to  disseminate  this  information. 

As  regards  the  situation  in  Dublin  reb?ls 
from  the  areas  of  Sackville  street,  Post  Office, 
and  Four  Courts  are  surrendering  freely. 

More  incendiary  fires  took  place  in  Sack- 
ville street  last  night,  but  the  fire  brigade 
have  now   be«n  able  to  resume  work. 

It  is  further  reported  that  up  to  the  pre- 
sent 707  prisoners  have  been  taken.  Included 
among  these  is  the  Counters  Markievicz. 

The  rebels  at  Enmscorthy  were  reported 
to  be  still  in  possession  of  this  place,  and  a 
mixed  column  of  cavalry,  infantry,  and  artil- 
lery, including  4.7in.  guns,  has  been  stnfc 
from  Wexford  with  a  view  to  engaging  the 
rebels. 

The  latest  'information  from  Enniscorthy 
shows  thai  the  rebel  leader  at  this  place  does 
not  believe  in  the  rebel  leader's  message  from 
Dublin,  and  has  proceeded  to  that  citv  in  a 
motor  car  under  escort  to  verify  the  informa- 
tion.    In  the  meantime,  a  truce  exists 

A  deputation  for  a  similar  purpose  from  the 
rebels  as  Ashbourne  has  also  been  sent  to 
Dublin. 

In  Galway  the  rebels  aro  believed  to  be 
disbanding,  and  a  few  arrests  have  been  made. 

The  situation  at  New  Ross,  Gorey,  Wick- 
low,  Bagenalstown,  and  Arklow  is  reported 
to  be  normal.  Carlow  and  Dunlavin  are  be- 
lieved to  be  quiet. 

FLYING    COLUMN    TO    STIMULATE 
SURRENDERS. 

The  following  was  issued  on  Sunday,  30th 
April  : — 

Yesterday  (Saturday)  the  Sinn  Fein  loaders, 
including  James  Connolly,  unconditionally 
surrendered  to  the  General  Officer  Command- 
ing-in  Chief  in  Ireland.  These  leaders, 
anxious  to  avo'id  further  bloodshed,  have 
signed  a  notice  to  other  leaders  of  their  party, 
both  in  Dublin  and  in  the  country,  calling  on 
them  to  surrender,  as  their  can?*  is  hopeless. 
These  notices  are  being  circulated  by  the 
R.I.C.  to  all  stations.  A  large  number. of  men 
surrendered  last  night  and  this  morning,  and 
it  is  expected  that  others  will  follow  during 
the  course  of  the  day.  A  flying  column  will 
at  once  proceed  to  various  points  to  stimulate 
the  surrender  of  parties  in  the  country.  Emis- 
saries  have  come  in  from  the  Sinn  Fein  party 
at  about  Ashbourne,  Swords,  and  from  Wex- 
ford to  verify  the  fact  of  the  above  surrender 
with  a  view  to  their  immediate  surrender. 

1.000   REBELS  SURRENDER    IN  DUBLIN. 

The  following  was  issued  by  Field  Marshal 
Viscount  French,  Commanding  -  in  -  Chief 
the  Home  Forces,  on  Monday,  1st  May,, 
7.5   p.m.:— 


45 


All  the  rebels  in  Dublin  have  surrendered, 
and  the  city  is  reported  to  be  quiet.  The 
rebels  in  the  country  are  surrendering; 
to  mobile  columns.  There  were  1,000  prisoners 
in  Dublin  yesterday;  of  whom  489  were  sent 
to   England  last   night. 

It  is  reported  from  Queenstown  that  hopes 
were  entertained  that  arms  would  be  handed 
in  to-day  in  the  City  of  Cork. 

Enniscorthy— During  the  night  of  April  30- 
May  1.  Sunday,  the  rebels  at  Enniscorthy 
made  an  effort  to  surrender  their  leaders  and 
f.irns,  on  condition  that  the  rank  and  file  were 
allowed  to  return  to  their  homes.  They  were 
informed  that  the  only  terms  we  would  ac- 
cept were  unconditional  surrender.  It  has 
been  reported  at  a  later  date  that  the  rebels 
are  now  surrendering  to  day  on  these  terms. 

Ferris — A  column,  composed  of  soldiers  and 
Royal  Irish  Constabulary,  captured  seven 
prisoners  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Ferns,  Co. 
Wexford,  to  day. 

Wicklow,  Aiklow.  Dnnlavin,   Bagenalstown, 
Wexford,  New  Ross,  Counties  of  Cork,  Clare, 
Limerick,  and    Kerry  are  generally  quiet. 
The  whole  of  Ulster  is  reported  quiet. 

AFFRAY    AT    FERKOY.       NO    RISING    IN   CORK. 

The  following  was  issued  by  Field-Marshal 
Viscount  French,  Commanding  the  flome 
Forces,   on  Tuesday.  2nd  May: — 

Dublin  is  gradually  reverting  to  its 
normal  condition.  The  work  of  clearing  some 
small  districts  around  Irishtown  is  being  car- 
ried out  by  an  ever-contracting  cordon. 

Cork. — All  is  quiet  in  this  county  with  the 
exception  of  an  affray  in  the  Fernvoy  district, 
where  the  police  on  attempting  to  arrest  two 
men  in  their  house  met  with  armed  resistance, 
the  head  constable  being  shot  dead.  On 
arrival  of  military  reinforeomenu  the 
occupants  of  the  house,  all  of  whom  were 
wounded,    surrendered. 

The  Sinn  Feiners  in  Cork  City,  where  there 
has  been  no  rising,  have  handed  in  their 
arms. 

Wexford. — The  column  which  went  to 
Enniscorthy  is  carrying  out  the  arrest  of 
rebels   in    Co.    Wexford. 

The  rest  of  the  South  of  Ireland  is  re- 
ported quiet. 

TRIALS  OF    REBELS. 
The  following  communication  was  issued'  c-i 
Tuesday,  2nd  May,  from  the  Irish.  Command 
Headquarters : — 

Rebels  considered  suitable  for  trial  are 
being  tried  by  Field  General  Courts-martial 
under  the  Defence  of  the  Realm  Act  in  Dub- 
lin. As  soon  as  the  sentences  have  been  con- 
firmed the  public  will  be  informed  as  to  the 
results  of  tbe  trial. 

Those  prisoners  whose  cases  could  not  be 
immediately  dealt  with  are  being  sent  to 
places  of  confinement  in  England.  Their  cases 
yvill  receive  consideration  later. 

The  cases  of  the  women  taken  prisoners  are 
.Under  consideration. 

The  work  of  dealing  with  th  -e  trials  is  one 
of  great  magnitude,  and  is  being  proceeded 
[with  with  despatch. 


The    Provinces. 

Normal— Great  Souther  and  Western  Rail- 
way,  Dubhn,  Cork,    Iralee,   Limerick. 

Quiet—  Waterforc?,  King's  County,  Queen's 
County,  Wicklow,  Carlow,  Cork,  W.R.  ;  Gal- 
way,  E.R.;  i,.ayo,  Belfast,  and  Ulster 
Counties. 

NO    SHOOTING     WITHOUT    TRIAL. 

The  Irish  Command  Headquarters  on  lues- 
day,   2nd    May,   issued   the   following:— 

I.  Reports  as  to  the  shooting  without  trial 
of  any  rebels  after  their  surrender  may  be 
denied'  in  the  Press.  Irials  are  not  yet  com- 
pleted. 

il.  Passes— (a)  Communication  is  c-en  and 
free  inside  Dublin  City  within  the  cordon 
of  North  and  South  Circular  roads.  (b) 
passes  will  be  required  for  some  few  ciiys  by 
people  proceeding  through  that  cordon,  but 
exam  nation  posts  have "  been  established  at 
convenient  points  along  the  North  and  South 
Circular  roads,  at  which  inhabitants  of  Dub- 
lin and  environs  may  be  passed  through  by 
the  police.  (c'  Women,  children,  anc?  coal 
and  food  carts  have  free  passage  ia  and  out  of 
Dublin. 

III.  A  restricted  railway  service  will  be^i;i 
from  to-morrow,  May  3rd,  to  and  from  Dub- 
lin^ but  passengers  must  be  scrutinised  by  the 
police  both  on  entering  and  quitting  railway 
stations. 

IV.  A  Proclamation  has  been  issued'  that 
only  the  ports  of  Dublin,  Kingstown,  Bel- 
fast, and  Greenore  are  available  for  embarka- 
tion of  passengers,  subject  to  the  scrutiny  of 
the  police.  Intending  passengers  must  show 
due  cause  for  their  proposed  journey. 

REBELS     DISPERSED     IN     GALWAY. 

The  following  report  from  Field-Marshal 
discount  French,  Commander-in-Chief  of  the 
Home  Forces,  was  issued  at  Dublin  on  Wed- 
nesday.  3rd    May,    at   7.20   p.m.: 

The  situation  in  Ireland  is  reported  as  quiet. 
The  collection  of  arms  and  the  arrests  of  fugi- 
tive rebels  progresses  satisfactorily.  A  strict 
cordon  is  st'll  maintained. 

Galway— The   police  barracks  at  Oranmore, 

',|""1  '',1  ,T,;ip"  +''"iai  f^.wav.  were  attacked' 

by  parties  of  rebels,  but  held  out  until  re- 
lieved. In  th-  West  Riding  of  Galway  the 
police  report  that  the  situation  is  well  in 
hand;  and  that  the  rebels  have  been  dis- 
persed. 

The  South  of  Ireland  is  quiet.     Steady  pro- 
gress is  being  made  towards  the  restoration  of    v 
normal  conditions. 

The  situation  in  Ulster  is  normal.  > 

IRISHTOWN    THE    LAST  SPOT. 

The  following  notice  was  issued  on  Thurs- 
day, 4th  May :—  , 
PASSES. 

From  to-morrow,  May  5th,  1916,  passes  ' 
are  not  required  for  any  persons  moving  in 
and  cut  of  Dublin.  But  the  cordon  of 
troops  all  round  Dublin  will  be  maintained 
and  people  will  be  required  to  pass  through 
this,  cordon  at  fixed  examination  posts,  when 
they  will  be  subject  to  scrutiny  by  the  civil 
police.     This    order    does    not    apply    to    th* 


46 


Irishtown  Area,  round  which  the  Com- 
mander, 177th  Infantry  Brigade,  has  estab- 
lished a  close  cordon.  Only  women  and 
children  are  allowed  to  pass  through  this 
close  cordon. 

A.    E.    Sandbach, 
Major-General, 
Commanding  Troops  in  Dublin  Area. 
Dublin,   4th  May,   1916. 

300  ARRESTS    BY    BELFAST   POLICE. 

The  following  official  notification  was  is- 
sued at  Belfast  on  Monday,  8th  May  :— 

The  police,  acting  under  instructions,  made 
on  Friday  last  a  large  number  of  domiciliary 
visits  in  the  city  and  suburbs  of  Belfast,  and 
arrested  some  twenty  six  persons  who  were 
suspected  of  being  connected  with  the  Sinn 
Fein  movement.  These  prisoners,  together 
with  eight  others  who  had  been  arrested  in 
County  Louth,  were  sent  ou  to  Dublin  on 
Saturday  last. 

On  Easter  Tuesday,  25th  April,  a  party  of 
Belfast  police,  numbering  200,  left  the  city 
by  motor  transport,  and  until  Saturday  morn- 
ing they  had  been  actively  engaged  Ground- 
ing up  about  1,500  rebels  in  various  parts  of 
the  country.  They  have  effected  some  300 
arrests,  and  of  these  prisoners  136  have  been 
sent  to  Dublin,  while  130  are  confined  else- 
where. 

INSTRUCTION    TO    SIR    JOHN     MAXWELL. 

The  instructions  to  Sir  John  Maxwell  by 
the  Army  Council  with  regard  to  the  steps 
to  be  taken  by  him  as  to  the  outbreak  in 
Dublin  were  issued  on  Wednesday,  10th  May, 
in  a  letter  to  the  Field-Marshai  Commanoing 
in-Chief  Home  Forces: — 

"His  Majesty's  Government  desire  that 
Sir  John  Maxwell  will  take  all  such  measures 
es  may  in  his  opinion  be  necessary  for  the 
prompt  suppression  of  insurrection  in  Ireland, 
and  be  granted  a  free  hand  in  regard  to  all 
troops  now  in  Ireland,  or  which  may  be 
placed  under  his  command  hereafter,  and  alro 
in  regard  to  such  measures  as  may  seem  to 
bim  advisable  under  the  Proclamation  dated 
April  26,  issued  under  the  Defence  of  the 
Realm   Act,   1915, 

"'  In  regard  to  the  question  of  administra- 
tion, as  also  military  and  martial  law,  Sir 
John  Maxwell  will  correspond  direct  with  the 
War  Office  under  the  same  system  tint 
obtained    in    peace   time. 

"In  the  event  of  Sir  John  Maxwell  apply- 
ing to  you  for  further  reinforcements,  l  am 
to  request  that  you  will  be  good  enough  to 
inform  the  Army' Council  of  the  nature  of  the 
demand,  and  your  proposed  action  in  the 
matter." 

REMOVAL  OF  THE  DEAD. 

Ibe  following  announcements  were  made  by 
the  civic  authorities  on  Wednesday,  3rd  May — 

"The  removal  of  bodies  in  Dublin  is  being 
carried  out  by  the  military  authorities  and 
ii,,.  aanitary  authorities,  and  citizens  are  re- 
quired to  give  information  of  discoveries  of 
bodies  to  the  police',  or  to  the  Medical 
Officei  >t  Health,  Castle  street.  Bodies  may 
pet  be  lying  on  roots  or  concealed  in 
.  in ,  .,  Iram  which  snipers  fired." 


PREVENTION    OF    EPIDEMIC. 

"Persons  discovering  dead  bodies  should1 
inform  the  police  or  the  Chief  Medical  OfhVer 
of  Health,  Municipal  Buildings,  Castle  street, 
immediately." 

i  ■' 

PROCLAMATIONS. 
RESTRICTIONS    UPON    CITIZENS. 

On  the  day  the  rebellion  broke  out  the  fol 
lowing  Proclamation  was  issued  by  the  Vice 
roy  :— 

Whereas,  an  attempt,  instigated  and  de- 
signed by  the  foreign  enemies  of  our  King 
and  Country  to  incite  rebellion  in  Ireland, 
and  thus  endanger  the  safety  of  the  United 
Kingdom,  has  been  made  by  a  reckless, 
though  small  body  of  men,  who  have  been 
guilty  of  insurrectionary  acts  in  the  City  of 
Dublin  : 

JNow,  we,  Ivor  Churchill,  Baron  Wimborne, 
Lord  Lieutenant-General  and  Governor-Gene- 
ral of  Ireland,  do  hereby  warn  all  His 
Majesty's  subjects  that  the  sternest  measures 
are  being,  and  will  be  taken  for  the  prompt 
suppression  of  the  existing  disturbances,  and 
the  restoration   of  order  ; 

And  we  do  hereby  enjoin  all  loyal  and  law- 
abiding  citizens  to  abstain  from  any  acts  or 
conduct  which  might  interfere  with  the  action 
of  the  Executive  Government,  and,  in  parti- 
cular, we  warn  al>  citizens  of  the  danger  of 
unnecessarily  frequenting  the  streets  or  public 
places,  or  of  assembling  in  crowds  : 

Given  under  our  Seal,  on  the  24th  dav  of 
April,  1916. 

WIMBORNE. 

MARTIAL      LAW     PROCLAIMED      IN      DUBLIN. 

The  following  day,  Tuesday,  25th  April, 
the  Viceroy  issued  a  second  proclamation,  in 
which  Martial  Law  was  applied  to  the  City 
and  County  of  Dublin  for  a  period  of  one 
month.  The  people  were  warned  of  the 
danger  of  frequenting  places  where  the  mili- 
tary were  operating,  and  ordered  to  remain 
indoors  between  7  30  p.m.  and  5.30  a  m. 
In  the  Dublin  area  all  licensed  premises 
were  ordered  to  be  closed,  except  between  the 
hours   of    2   and    5    p.m. 

On  Wednesday,  26th  April,  a  Proclamation 
was  issued  commanding  all  p-ersons  in  Dublin 
Citv  and  County  to  keep  within  their  houses 
between  the  hours  of  7.^0  p.m.  and  5.30  a.m., 
unless  provided  with  the  wiitteu  permission 
of  the  military  authorities.  This  notice  was 
signed  by  Major-General  L.  B.  Friend,  C.B., 
the  then  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  Forces 
in    Ireland. 

On  Wednesday,  26th  April,  a  Proclamation 
was  issued  suspending  in  Ireland  Section  L 
of  the  Defence  of  the  Realm  Act,  which  gives 
flic  right  to  a  British  subject  charged  with 
offence  to  be  tried  by  Civil  Court. 

ALL     IRELAND     UNDER     MARTIAL     LAW. 

On  Wednesday,  26th  April,  a  Proclamation 
was  issued  placing  tlio  whole  of  Ireland  under 
martial  law  for  the  period  of  one  month,  and 
oi  Saturday,  29th,  this  Order  was  extended 
for  one  month. 


4/ 


•     SIR    JOHN    MAXWELL   ADOPTS    RIGOROUS 
MEASURES. 

The  first  proclamation  to  be  issued  by 
General  Sir  John  Maxwell  on  taking  over  com- 
mand of  His  Majesty's  troops  in  IreLnd  on 
Friday,  28th  April,   was  as  follows: — 

"4  Most  rigorous  measures  will  be  taken  by 
me  to  stop  the  loss  of  life  and  damage  to 
property  which  certain  misguided  persons  are 
causing  by  their  armed  resistance  to  the  law. 
If  necessary,  I  shall  not  hesitate  to  destroy 
all  buildings  within  any  area  occupied  by 
rebels,  and  I  warn  all  person*  within  the  area 
now  surrounded  by  His  Majesty's  troops, 
forthwith  to  leave  such  areas  under 
the  following  conditions : — (a)  Women  and 
children  may  leave  the  area  from 
any  of  the  examining  posti  Set  up  for  the 
purpose,  and  will  be  allowed  to  go  away  free ; 
(6)  men  may  leave  by  the  same  examining 
posts,  and  will  -be  allowed  to  go  away  free, 
provided  the  examining  officer  is  satisfied  they 
have  taken  no  part  whatever  in  the  present 
disturbance ;  (r)  all  other  men  who  present 
themselves  at  the  said  examining  posts  must 
surrender  unconditionally,  together  with  any 
arms  and  ammunition  in  their  possession." 
SURRENDER    OF    ARMS. 

On  Tuesday,  2nd  May,  the  following  was 
issued  :  — 

I,  General  Sir  John  Grenfell  Maxwell, 
K.C.B.,  K.C.M.G.,  C.V.O.,  D.S.O.,  Command- 
ing-in-Chief  His  Majesty's  Forces  in  Ireland, 
hereby  Order  that  all  members  of  the  Irish. 
Volunteer  Sinn  Fein  Organisation  or  of  the 
Citizen  Army,  shall  forthwith  surrender  all 
arms,  ammunition,  and  explosives  in  their  pos- 
session to  the  nearest  Military  Authority  or 
jto  the  nearest  Police  Barracks  Any  member 
[of  either  of  these  organisations  found  in 
(possession  of  any  arms,  ammunition,  or  ex- 
jplosives,  after  6th  May,  1916,  will  be  severely 
dealt  with. 

On  Saturday,  6th  May,  an  d?«?er  was  issued 
by  Major-General  A.  E.  Sandiach,  command- 
ng  the  troops  in  the  l>uulin  area,  requiring 
all  licensed  premises  within  the  A,  B,  C,  D, 
an-1  E  Divisions  of  the  Dublin  Metropolitan 
Police  distrLt  to  be  kept  closed  throughout 
Saturday,  May  6th,  and  thereafter  to  be  kept 
closed  except  between  the  hours  of  2  p.m. 
and  6  p.m. 

On  Friday,  12th  May,  an  order  was  issued 
fixing  the  hours  at  which  citizens  must  re- 
main indoors — from  twelve  midnight  until  four 
torn.  This  came  into  operation  on  Sunday, 
13th  May,  when  a  full  tram  service  was  run 
Eor  the  first  time  after  the  outbreak  of  the 
rebellion. 

POLITICAL    MEETIMSS    BANNED. 

The  following  Order  was  issTasii  on  Saturday, 
3th  May,  by  Sir  John  Maxwell,  General  Com- 
n&nding-in-Chief  the  Forces  in  Ireland  : — 
Political    Meetings,    Parades,  or   Processions. 

)  Uenerai  Sir  John  Grenfell  Maxwell, 
i-.C  b  ,  K.C.M.G.,  C.V.O.,  D.S.O.,  _  Com- 
nanding  in-Chief  His  Majesty's  Forces  in  Ire- 
and,  hereby  order  that  no  parade,  proces- 
sion, or  political  Krss^Xig.  csr  er^anised  foot- 
)all,  athletic,  or  hurling  meeiiftg,  shall  (alee 
ilace  anywhere  in  Ireland  without  the  written 


authority,  previously  obtained,  of  the  F-al 
to  persons  specially  authorised,  in  writing, 
by  the  competent  military  authority  to  carry 
firearms. 

County  Inspector  of  Royal  Irish  Constabu- 
lary, or,  in  Dublin  City,  of  the  Chief  Com- 
missioner of  the  Dublin  Metropolitan  Police. 

This  Order  was  modified  at  the  end  of 
June  by  a  new  Order,  deleting  the  words 
"  organised  foo.*all,  athletic,  or  hurling 
meeting  "  from  the  original. 

The  remainder  of  the  Order  remains  in 
force.  This  means  that,  while  processions, 
parades,  and  political  meetings  shall  not  take 
place  without  written  authority,  no  such 
authority  is  needed  for  "football,  "athletic,  or 
hurling  meetings. 

CARRYING     OF     ARMS     PROHIBITED. 

Under  the  Defence  of  the  Realm  (Consolida- 
tion) Reguiationa,  General  Sir  John  Maxwell 
on  17th  July  issued  an  Order  which  prohibits 
the  carrying  of  firearms  or  military  arms  in 
1 -eland  except  by  members  of  His  Majesty's 
naval  or  military  lorees,  or  of  the  Dublin 
Metropolitan  Police  rr  the  Royal  Irish  Con- 
stabulary. It  does  not  apply  to  duly  licensed 
persons  carrying  shot  guns  for  sporting  pur- 
poses, to  occupiers  of  land  v  ho  desire  tr> 
scare  birds  or  kill  vermin  on  their  land',  or 
MARTIAL    LAV/    UNTIL    FURTHER    ORDERS. 

A  proclamation  was  issued  on  Saturday, 
27th  May.  by  the  Lords  Justices  General 
and  General  Governors  of  Ireland,  statin" 
that,    as    "disaffection    and    unrest   still    pre". 

vail     in     certain     parts     of      Ireland 

martial  law  shall  continue  to  exist  through- 
out Ireland  until  further  order." 

This  order  remained  in  force  in  April, 
1917,  v\hen  this  edition  was  prepared  for  thu 
Press. 

DRILLING     IN     IRELAND    PROHIBITED. 

On  23. h  November  an  order  was  issued  by 
the  Chief  Secretary  making  it  an  offence 
against  the  Defence  of  the  Peaim  Act  for  any 
body  in  Ireland  to  take  pait  in  any  drill 
of  a  military  nature  without  a  permit  from  i 
competent  naval  or  military  a'dhoritv. 
CARRIAGE   OF    LETTERS. 

An  order  was  also  issued  by  General  Sir 
John  Maxwell,  by  which  it  became  an  offen.  e 
under  the  Defence  of  the  Realm  Act  for  any 
person  to  send  letters  (shippers'  advices  ex- 
cepted) to  the  United  Kingdom  or  elsewhere 
by  any  means  except  that  cf  the  Post  Ollice. 
LICENSED     HOUSES    IN     DUBLIN. 

When  the  rebellion  occurred  pub- 
licans were  only  allowed  to  open  their 
licensed  premises  daily  between  th» 
hours  of  2  and  5  p.m.  On  May  12th  a  new 
Order  extended  the  hours  from  10  a.m.  to  5 
p.m.,  and  on  the  15th  May  another  GrdeB 
permitted  the  public-houses  to  remain  opeo 
between  7  a.m.  and  10  p.m.  on  four  days 
of  the  week,  between  7  a.m.  and  9.30  p.m.) 
on  two  days,  and  from  2  p.m.  ta  5  p.m.  onj 
Sundays.  This  was  curtailed  by  an  Order 
operating  from  24th  May,  aarJ  which  re* 
stricted  tfes  hours  fo»  she  sal«  cf  liquor  from 
10  E,.m.  to  rj  p.m.  On  Monday,  26th  Jun% 
the  hours  were  again  extended  to  9  a.m.  w. 
9.30  p.m., 

0  1 


43 


THS    PR0CLAMAT70NS  OF  THE 

RlBELS, 
♦ 

SOME  HISTORIC  DOCUMENTS. 

The  first  thing  the  rebels  did  when 
they  secured  possession  of  the  Post  Office  was 
to  post  up  on  that  building  and  others  around 
it  a  Proclamation  by  which  they  declared  an 
Irish  Republic.  A  facsimile  reproduction  of 
Jhe  poster  appears  on  page  one.  The  following 
sire  Tames  of  other  orders  and  manifestoes  is- 
•*sed  by  the  rebels  : — 

EASTER    MANOEUVRES    CANCELLED. 

Dublin  Brigade  Order. 
23rd  April,  1916. 
H.Q. 

1.  As  publicly  announced,  the  inspection 
^nd  manoeuvres  ordered  for  this  day  are  can- 
celled. 

2.  All  Volunteers  are  to  stay  in  Dublin  until 
fur.lher  orders. 

Thomas  MacDonagh, 

Commandant. 

Ed.  de  Valera. 

THE    FATAL    PARADE. 

Dublin   Brigade  Order. 

H.Q., 
24th  April,  1916. 

1.  The  four  city  battalions  will  parade  for 
inspection  and  route  march  at  10  a.m.  to  day. 
Com  nandants  will  arrange  centres. 

2.  Full  arms  and  equipment  and  one  day's 
/rations.  _. 

Thomas  MacDonagh, 
Commandant. 

Coy.  E  3  will  parade  at  Beresford  place  at 

10  a.m. 

P.  IT.  Pearse, 
Commandant. 

ADDRESS   TO   THE    CITIZENS   OF    DUBLIN. 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  a  manifesto  issued 
bv  1J-  H.  I'eaise  to  the  citizens  of  Dublin 
during  Faster  week  :— 

THE    PROVISIONAL    GOVERNMENT 

To  The 
CITIZENS    OF    DUBLIN. 

The  Provisional  Government  of  the  Irish 
'(Republic  salutes  the  Citizens  of  Dublin  on  the 
momentous  occasion  of  the  proclamation  of  a 

SOVEREIGN   INDEPENDENT  IRISH  STATE, 

now    in   course  of  being   established  ly   Irish- 
men in  arms. 

The  Republican  forces  hold  the  lines  taken 
tip  at  twelve  noon  on  Easter  Monday,  and  no- 
where, despite  fierce  and  almost  continuous  at- 
tacks of  the  British  trooos,  have  the  lines  been 
'iSroken  through.  The  country  is  rising  in  an- 
swer to  Dublin'j  call,  and  the  final  achiev»- 
ment  of  Ireland's  freedom  is  now,  with  God's 
help,  only  a  matter  of  days.    The  valour,  self- 


sacrifice  and  discipline  of  Irish  men  and 
women  are  about  to  win  for  our  country  a 
glorious  place  among  the  nations. 

Ireland's  honour  has  already  been  re- 
deemed ;  it  remains  to  vindicate  her  wisdom 
and  her  self-control. 

All  citizens  of  Dublin  who  believe  in  the 
right  of  their  country  to  be  free  will  give 
their  allegiance  and  their  loyal  help  to  the 
Irish  Republic.  There  is  work  for  everyone; 
for  the  men  in  the  fighting  line,  and  for  the 
women  in  the  provision  of  food  and  first  aid. 
Every  Irishman  and  Irishwoman  worthy  ot 
the  name  will  come  forward  to  help  their 
common  country  in  this  her  supreme  hour. 

Able-bodied  citizens  can  help  by  building 
barricades  in  the  streets  to  oppose  the  advance 
of  the  British  troops.  The  British  troops  have 
been  firing  on  our  women  and  on  our  Red 
Cross.  On  the  other  hand,  Irish  regiments 
in  the  British  Army  have  refused  to  act 
against  their   fellow-countrymen. 

The  Provisional  Government  hopes  that  its 
supporters — which  means  the  vast  bulk  of  the 
people  of  Dublin — will  preserve  order  and  self- 
restraint.  Such  looting  as  has  already  oc- 
cured  has  been  done  by  hangers-on  oi  the 
British  Army.  Ireland  must  keep  her  new 
honour  unsmirched. 

We  have  lived  to  see  an  Irish  Republic  pro- 
claimed. May  we  live  to  establish  it  firmly, 
and  may  our  children  and  our  children's  chil- 
dren enjoy  the  happiness  and  prosperity 
which  freedom  will  bring. 

Signed  on  behalf  of  the  Provisional  Govern- 
ment, 

P.   H.  Pearse, 
Commanding-in-Chief  of  the  Forces  of 
the  Iri^h  Republic,  and  President 
of  the  Provisional  Government. 

THE    WAR  STOP    PRESS   EDITION. 

The  rebels  on  the  second  day  of  the  rising 
issued  a  small  newspaper  of  four  pages,  mca- 
suri.ig  ten  inches  by  seven  and  a  half  inches. 
The  title  on  the  front  page  read — 

IRiSH    WAR    NEWS. 

The  Irish  Republic. 

Vol.  1.  No.  1.  Dublin,  Tuesday,  April  25,  1916, 
Price  One   Pennv. 

The  leading  article,  which  was  entitled  "  H 
the  Germans  Came  to  England,"  occupied  th« 
whole  of  the  front  page,  but  the  principal  item 
of  news  was  printed  on  the  fourth  page,  and 
was  as  follows  : — 

STOP    PRESS] 

The  Irish  Republic. 
"  (Irish)  War  News  is  published  to  day  be 
■?ause  a  uomeotous  thing  has  happened.  Tht 
s.ish  Rppuhlic  bas  been  declared  in  Dublir 
and  a  Provisional  Government  has  been  ap- 
pointed to  administer  its  affairs." 

c  a 


43 


"The    following    have   been    named    as  the 
Provisional  Government : — 
Thomas  J.    Clarke. 
Sean  Mac   Diarmadi 
P.  H.  Pearse. 
James  Connolly. 
Thomas  MacDonagh. 
Lamonn  Ceannt. 
Joseph  Plunkett. 

"The  Irish  Republic  was  procVmed  by 
)oster  which  was  prominently  d'-^p'ayed  in 
Jublin. 

"  At  9.30  a.m.  this  morning  the  following 
tatement  was  made  by  Commandant-General 
*    H.  Pearse  : — - 

"The  Irish  Republic  was  proclaimed  in 
)ublin  on  Easter  Monday,  April  24,  at  12 
toon.  Simultaneously  with  the  issue  of  the 
iroo'^n-ip+ion  of  the  Provisional  Government 
he  Dublin  division  of  the  Army  of  the  Re- 
ublic,  including  the  Irish  Volunteers,  Citizen 
vrmy,  Hibernian  Rifles,  and  other  bodies  oc 
upied  dominating  positions  in  the  city.  The 
l.P.O.  was  seized  at  12  noon,  the  Castle  at- 
icked  at  the  same  moment,  and  shortly  after- 
ards  the  Four  Courts  were  occupied.  The 
ish  troops  hold  the  City  Hall  and  dominate 
le  Castle.  Attacks  were  immediately  com- 
lenced  by  the  British  forces,  and  were  every- 
here  repulsed.  At  the  moment  of  writing 
lis  report  (9.30  a.m.  Tuesday)  the  Republican 
trees  hold  their  positions  and  the  British 
»rces  have  nowhere  broken  through.  There 
as  been  heavy  and  continuous  fighting  for 
jarly  24  hours,   the  casualties  of  the  enemy 

ng  much  more  numerous  than  those  on  +he 
epublican  side.  The  Republican  force*  every- 
here  are  fighting  with  splendid  gallantrv. 
he  populace  of  Dublin  are  plainly  with  the 
epublic,  and  the  officers  and  men  are  every- 
here  cheered  as  they  march  through  the 
reets.  The  whole  centre  of  the  citv  is  in 
e  hands  of  the  Republic,  whose  flag  flies 
om  the  G.P.O. 

"  Commandant-General  P.  H.  Pearse  is 
jmmandant-in -Chief  of  the  Army  of  the  Re- 
iblic  and  is  President  of  the  Provisional 
jvernment.  Commandant-General  James  Con- 

lly  is  commanding  the  Dublin  districts. 

I  Communication  with  the  country  is  largely 
t,  but  reports  to  hand  show  that  the  country 
rising.     Bodies   of   men   from   Kilo'are   and 
ngal  have  already  reported  in  Dublin." 

"TO    THE    OFFICER    IN    THE    D.B.C." 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  orders  issued  by 
imes  Connolly,  the  "  Commandant  "  of  the 
iblin  Division  of  the  "Republican  Army." 
tinolly,  who  was  in  charge  of  the  rebels  in 
B  General  Post  Office,  was  executed  in  Dub- 
on  Friday,  12th  May  :— 

i'  Army  of  the  Irish  Republic, 

"  (Dublin  Command). 
"  Headquarters,      Date,  25th  April,  1916. 
'  To  the  Officer  in  Charge,  Reis  and  D.B.C. 
'The  main  purpose  of  your  post  is  to  pro- 
it  oiu  wireless  station.     Its  secondary  [  ur- 


pose  is  to  observe  Lower  Abbey  stnet  and 
/  »\\er  O'Conneli  street.  Commandeer  in  tha 
D.B.C.  whatever  food  and  utensils  you  re- 
quire. Make  ajre  of  a  plentiful  supply  of 
\vater  wherever  your  men  are.  Break  all 
A-'°s  in  the  windows  of  the  rooms  occupied 
%>*.  you  for  fighting  purposes.  Establish  a  con- 
nection between  your  forces  in  the  D.B.C.  and 
la  Reis's  building.  Be  sure  that  the  stair- 
ways leading  immediately  to  your  rooms  are 
Well  barricaded.  We  have  a  post  in  the  house 
at  the  corner  of  Bachelor's  Walk,  in  the  Hotel 
Metropole,  in  the  Imperial  Hotel,  in  the 
General  Post  Office.  The  directions  from 
which  you  are  likely  to  be  attacked  are  from 
the  Custom  House,  or  from  the  far  side  of  the 
river,  D'Olier  gtreet,  or  Westmoreland  street. 
We  believe  there  is  a  sniper  in  McBirney's  oa 
the  far  side  of  the  river. 

"  James  Connolly, 

"  Commandant-General." 

"THE    HOUR    OF    VICTORY." 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  an  order  which 
was  found  on  the  body  of  the  O'Rahilly,  one 
of  the  rebel  commandants,  who  was  shot 
dead  while  fighting  in  Henry  place,  opposite 
the  General  Post  Office,  Dublin.  It  was 
presumably  written  in  the  Post  Office,  which 
the  rebels  had  made  their  headquarters,  and 
is  dated  April  28,  the  day  before  the  Sinn 
Fein  garrison  surrendered  : — 

Army    of    the   Irish    Republic 
(Dublin    Command), 
Headquarters,  April  23,  1916. 

To  Soldiers, 

This  is  the  fifth  day  of  the  establishment 
of  the  Irish  Republic,  and  the  flag  of  our 
country  still  floats  from  the  most  important 
buildings  in  Dublin,  and  is  gallantly  pro- 
tected by  the  officers  and  Irish  soldiers  in 
arms  throughout  the  country.  Not  a  day 
passes  without  seeing  fresh  postings  of  Irish 
soldiers  eager  to  do  battle  for  the  old  cause.: 
Despite  the  utmost  vigilance  of  the  enemy 
we  have  been  able  to  get  in  information  tell- 
ing us  how  the  manhood  of  Ireland,  inspired 
by  our  splendid  action,  are  gathering  to 
offer  up  their  lives  if  necessary  in  the  same 
holy  cause.  We  are  here  hemmed  in  because 
the  enemy  feels  that  in  this  building  is  to 
be  found  the  heart  and  inspiration  of  our, 
great  movement. 

Let  us  -remind  you  what  you  have  done* 
For  the  first  time  in  700  years  the  flag  of  a 
free  Ireland  floats  triumphantly  in  Dublin 
City. 

The  British  Army,  whose  exploits  we  are 
for  ever  having  dinned  into  our  ears,  which 
boasts  of  having  stormed  the  Dardanelles  and 
the  German  lines  on  the  Marne,  behind  their 
artillery  and  machine  guns  are  afraid  t« 
advance  to  ths  attack  or  storm  any  position* 
held  by  oa?  forces.  The  slaughter  they 
suffered  in  the  fiVst  few  days  has  totally 
unnerved  them,  and  they  dare  not  attempt 
again  an  infantry  attack  on  our  positiona.. 

0  3 


50 


Our  Commandants  around  us  are  holding 
their    own. 

Commandant  Daly's  splendid  exploit  in 
rapturing  Linen  Hall  Barracks  we  all  know. 
You  must  know  also  that  the  whole  popula- 
tion, both  clergy  and  laity,  of  this  district 
are  united  in  his  praises.  Commandant  Mac- 
Donagh  is  established  in  an  impregnable  posi- 
tion reaching  from  the  walls  of  Dublin  Castle 
to  Redmond"s  Hill,  and  from  Bishop  street  to 
Stephen's   Green. 

(In   Stephen's      Green,      Commandant  

holds  the  College  of  Surgeons,  one  side  of 
the  square,  a  portion  of  the  other  side,  and 
dominates  the  whole  Green  and  all  its 
entrances    and    exits.) 

Commandant  De  Valera  stretches  in  a  posi- 
tion from  the  Gas  Works  to  Westland  row, 
holding  Boland's  Bakery,  Boland"s  Mills, 
Dublin  South-Eastern  Railway  Works,  and 
dominating  Merrion  sqnare. 

Commandant  Kent  holds  the  South  Dublin 
Union  and  Guinness's  Buildings  to  Marrow- 
bone lane,  and  controls  James's  street  and 
district. 

On  two  occasions  the  enemy  effected  a  lodg- 
ment and  were  driven  out  with  great  loss. 

Ihe  men  of  North  County  Dublin  are  in 
the  held,  have  occupied  all  the  Police  Bar- 
racks in  the  district,  destroyed  all  the  tele- 
gram system  on  the  Great  Northern  Railway 
up  to  Dundalk,  and  are  operating  against  the 
trains  of  the  Midland  and  Great  Western. 

Dundalk  has  sent  200  men  to  march  upon 
Dublin,  and  in  the  other  parts  of  the  North 
our  forces  are  active  and  growing. 

In    Gal  way    Captain    ,    fresh    after    his 

escape  from  an  Irish  prison,  is  in  the  field 
with  his  men.  Wexford  and  Wicklow  are 
strong,  and  Cork  and  Kerry  are  equally 
acquitting  themselves  creditably.  (We  have 
every  confidence  that  our  Allies  in  Germany 
and  kinsmen  in  America  are  straining  every 
neive  to  hasten  matters  on  our  behalf.) 

As  you  know,  I  was  wounded  twice  yester- 
day and  am  unable  to  move  about,  but  have 
got  my  bed  moved  into  the  firing  line,  and, 
with  the  assistance  of  your  officers,  will  be 
just  as  useful  to  you  as  ever. 

Ccurage,  boys,  we  are  winning,  and  in  the 
hour  of  our  victory  let  us  not  forget  the 
splendid  women  who  have  everywhere  stood 
by  us  and  cheered  us  on.  Never  had  man  or 
■woman  a  grander  cause,  never  was  a  cause 
inore  grandly  served. 


(Signed) 


James  Connolly, 
Commandant-General, 
Dublin  Division. 


MANIFESTO    BY    P.    H.    PEARSE  ON    THE    EVE 
OF  SURRENDER. 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  a  manifpsto  issued 
from  the  Heaiqturters  of  the  i««/gents, 
General  Rot  Office,  Dublin.  It  was  written 
on  Government  papier  bearing  the  Royal  Arms 
embossed  id  left  top  corner: — 


"  Headquarters,  Army  of  the  Irish  Republic, 
"General    Post   Office,    Dublin, 

"28th    April,    1916,   9  30   am. 

"The  Forces  of  the  Irish  Republic,  which 
was  proclaimed  in  DuLlin,  on  taster  Monday, 
24th  April,  have  been  in  possession  of  the  cen- 
tral part  of  the  capital,  since  12  noon  on  that 
day.  Up  to  yesterday  afternoon  Headquarters 
was  in  touch  with  all  the  main  outlying  posi- 
tions, and,  despite  furious,  and  almost  con- 
tinuous assaults  by  the  British  Forces  all  those 
positions  were  then  still  ueing  held,  and  the 
Commandants  in  charge,  were  conlident  of 
their  ability  to  hold  them  fo-  a  long  time. 

"  During  the  course  of  yesterday  afternoon, 
and  evening,  the  enemy  succeeded  in  cutting 
our  communications  with  our  other  position 
in  the  city,  and  Headquarters  is  to-day 
isolated. 

"  The  enemy  has  burnt  down  whole  blocks 
of  houses,  apparently  with  the  object  of  giving 
themselves  a  clear  tie'.d  for  the  play  of  artil- 
lery and  held  guns  against  us.  We  have  been 
bombarded  during  the  evening  ani  night  Ly 
shrapnel  and  machine  gun  hie,  but  without 
material  damage  to  our  position,  which  is  of 
great  strength. 

"  We  are  busy  completing  arrangements  for 
the  final  defence  of  Her.  .quarters,  and  are 
determined  to  hold  it  while  the  buildings  last. 

"  1  desire  now,  lest  1  may  not  have  an  oppor. 
tunity  later,  to  p  y  nomage  to  the  gallantry 
of  the  soldiers  of  Irish  meedom  who  have 
during  the  past  four  days  been  writing  with 
hie  and  steel  the  most  glorious  chapter  in 
the  later  history  of  Ireland.  Justice  can 
never  be  done  to  their  heroism,  to  their  dis- 
cipline, to  their  gay  and  unconquerable 
spirit  in  the  midst  oi    peril   and  death. 

"  Let  me,  who  have  led  them  into  this, 
speak  in  my  own,  and  in  my  fellow-com- 
manders' names,  and  in  the  name  ot  Ireland 
pre  eut  and  to  come,  their  praise,  ar.cf  ask 
those  who  come  alter  them  to  remember 
them. 

"  For  four  days  they  have  fought  and 
toiled,  almost  without  cessation,  alniust  with- 
out sleep,  and  in  the  intervals  of  fighting 
they  have  sung  songs  of  the  freedom  of  lie- 
land.  No  man  has  complained,  no  man  has 
asked  'why?'  Each  individual  has  spent 
himself,  happy  to  pour  out  kis  strength  for 
Ireland'  and  for  freedom.  If  tney  do  not 
win  this  fight,  they  will  at  least  have  de- 
served to  win  it.  But  win  it  they  will, 
although  they  may  win  it  in  death.  Already 
they  have  won  a  great  thing.  They  have  re- 
deemed Dublin  from  r.^ny  shames,  and  made 
her  name  splendid  among  the  names  of  cities. 

"  If  1  were  to  mention  names  of  indivi- 
duals, my  list  would  be  a  long  one. 

"I  will  name  only  that  of  Commandant 
General  James  Connolly,  Commanding  the 
Dublin  Division.  He  lies  wounded,  but  is 
still  the  guiding  brain  of  our   resistance. 

"  If  we  accomplish  no  more  than  we  have 
Bccomplislftd,  I  am  satisfied.  I  am  satisfied 
that  we  have  saved  Ireland's  honour.  I  am 
satisfied    that    we   should    have    accomplished 

C  4 


51 


more,  that  we  should  have  accomplished'  the 
tack  of  enthroning,  as  well  as  procla'  img, 
the  Irish  Republic  as  a  Sovereign  otate,  h&J 
our  arrangements  tor  a  simultaneous  rising 
of  the  whole  country,  with  a  combined'  plan 
as  sound  as  the  Dublin  plan  has  been  proved 
to  be,  been  allowed  +o  go  through  on  Easter 
Sunday.  Of  the  fatal  countermanding  order 
which  prevented  those  plans  from  being  car- 
ried out,  I  shall  not  speak  further.  Both 
Eoin  MacNeill  and  we  have  acted  in  the  best 
interests  of  Ireland. 

"  For  my  part,  as  to  anytning  I  have  done 
in  this,  J  am  not  afraid  to  face  either  the 
judgment  of  God,  or  the  judgment  of 
posterity. 

"  (Signed)  P.   H.    Peabse, 

"  Commandant    General, 

"Commanding-in-Chief,  the  Army  of  the 
"  Irish  Republic  and  President  of  the 
"  Provisional    Government." 


THE    Uu, 


LIGHTING    MEN. 


AN    ORDER    OF    THE    "  I.R.    GOVERNMENT." 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  a  credit  left  on 
the  premises  of  Messrs.  Alex.  Findlater  and 
Co.  for  goods  taken  by  the   rebels  : — 


Tne  following  is  a  copv  of  the  leaflet  issued 
from  the  headquarters  of  the  Irish  "Volunteers 
giving  instructions  to  the  men  regarding  their 
equipment : — 

TTANNA  FAIL. 


THE    IRISH    VOLUNTEERS. 

Service   Kit. 

The  following  are  the  articles  prescribed  by 
Headqpnrters  for  the  personal  equipment  of 
Volunteers  on  field  service.  Items  printed  hi 
heavy  type  are  to  be  regarded  as  important : — ■ 

FOR  ALL  VOLUNTEERS. 

(a.)  As  to  clothes:  uniform  or  other  clothes 
as  preferred ;  if  uniform  not  worn  clothes  to 
be  of  neutral  colour  ;  nothing  white  or  shiny 
(white  collar  not  to  be  worn)  ;  Soft=Brim. 
med  hat  (to  be  worn  in  lieu  of  cap  on  field 
service);   strong  comfortable  boots;   overcoat. 


(b.)  As    to    arms:      "^ifie,      with      sling    and 
cleaning  outfit ;   100     rounds     of     ammunition 
with  bandolier  or  ammunition  pauches  to  hold 
same  ;  bayonet,  with  scabbard,  frog  and  belt  ; 
No Date,  24/4/lo.       Time ,..       strong   knife   or  slasher. 

(c.)    As    to    provision    for    rations:    Kaver> 

Place sack,       water-bottle,       mess-tin        (or       billy 

can),  with  knife,  fork,  spoon,  tin  cup;  one  dry 
To   Alex.    Findlater stick  (towards  making  fire);  emergency  ration. 

pjace  (d.)   Knapsack  containing:  snare  shirt,   pair 

of  socks,    towel,   soap,    cumD,    scissors,   needle, 
thread,  safety-pins. 


Commandeered  by  the  Irish  Republic,  tc  bj 
paid  lor  goods  to  the  value  of  about  D25. 

By  Order  of  the  I.  R.  Government. 

A    COMMISSION     EN    THE    CITIZEN    ARMY. 

Th^  most  interesting  "  find  "  at  the  Royal 
College  of  Surgeons  after  the  surrender  »•* 
the  rebels  was  the  following  partly  printed, 
paitly  written,  commission  : — 

"Irish  Citizen  Army." 

"  Headquarters,   Liberty   Hall,   Dublin.. 

•"  Commandant  James   Connolly. 

"  Date,   24th  April,   1916. 

"  By  warrant  of  the  Army  Council,  I 
hereby  appoint  Michael  Kelly  to  take  the 
rank  of  Lieutenant,  with  full  power  to  exer- 
cise all  the  rights  and  perform  all  the  dutiw 
belonging  to  that  rank. 

(Signed)  ■"  James  Connolly, 

if  Commandajit." 


(e.)  In  the  pocket:  clasp  knife,  note-book 
and  pencil,  matches  in  tin  box.  boot  laies, 
strong  cord,  a  candle,  coloured  handker- 
chiefs. 

(f.)  Sewn  i:  side  coat:  First  Geld  dressing. 

FOR    OFFICErS. 

(a.)  As  to  clothes:  uniform  is  verv  desirabl' 
for  officers;  if  not  worn  a  sufficient,  but  no', 
unduly  conspicuous,  distinguishing  mark  o( 
rank  to  be  worn. 

(b.)  As  to  arms:  automatic  pistol  o? 
revolver,  with  ammunition  for  same,  in  lien 
of  rifle;  sword,  sword  bayonet,  or  short  lance*. 

The  rest  of  the  equipment  as  for  ordinary 
Volunteers,   with  the  following 

(c.)  Additions:  Whistle  on  core?;  watch  j 
Field  despatch-book  ;  fountain  pen  or  copying 

inli  pencil;  field  glasses,  pocket  compass,  range* 
finder,  map  of  district,  electric  torch,  hooded., 

Sub--o5Bcera  and  scouts  should',  as  far  as 
possible,  be  provided  with  the  additional 
tx tides  prescribed  for  Officers. 

By  Order. 


52 


OFFICIAL  LISTS  OF   CASUALTIES, 

On  Thursday,  11th  May,  it  vas  oScially  intimated  that  the  total  casualties  caused  ly  the 

revolt  were  as  follows : — 

Killed.     Wounded.     Missing.       TotaL 

Military  officers 17  46  —  63 

Military,  other  ranks 86  311  9  406 

Royal    Irish    Constabulary    officers...       2  —  —  2 

Royal  Jrish    Constabulary,  other  ranks     12  23  —  35 

Dublin  Metropolitan  Police  3  3  —  6 

Civilians    and   insurgents    180  614  —  794 

300  997  9  1,306 

It  was  stated  that  according  to  reports  rec  eived  from  the  police  and  medical  authorities, 
80  persons  were  killed  and  614  passed  through  the  hospitals.  Beyond  this  the  casualties  of 
the  rebels  were  not  ascertainable.  Many  of  the  rebels  were  not  in  uniform,  and  it  was  not 
possible  to  distinguish  between  them  and  civilians,  hence  they  are  all  included  in  the  last 
figures  given.  Since  these  figures  were  issued'  the  deaths  of  wounded  persons  have  in:reaaed 
the  total  death  roll  considerably,  but  no  complete  official  list  is  rvailable. 

The  following  lists  of  casualties  were  compiled  from  those  issued  on  different  dates  by 
the  War  Office  : — 

OFFICERS. 

KILLED    OR    DIED    OF    WOUNDS. 

ALLATT,  Colonel  H.  T.  W.  HUNTER,  Sec.  It.  G.  J.,  Lancers. 

ACHESON,  Maj.  P.  H.,  Army  Service  Corps.  LUCAS,  Sec.  Lt.  A.,  King  Edward's  Horse. 

BROWNE,     Sec.      Lt.     M.      B.,     Sherwood  NE1LAN,   Lt.    G.    A.,   R.U.t*. 

Foresters.  PERRY,  Lt.   P.  C,  Sherwood  Foresters. 

CROCKETT,  Sec.  Lt.  C.  L.,  R.  Innis.  Fus.  PURSER,  Lt.   P.   A.,  Army  Service  Corps. 

CALVERT,  Sec.  Lt.  J.  II.,  T.-yal  Irish  Rities.  P1NFIELD,  Sec.  Lt.   G.    V.,  8th   Hussars. 

DAFFEN,    Lt.    EL  C,  Sherwood'  Foresters.  RAMSAY,  Lt.  A.  L.,  Royal  Irish  Rcgirrent. 

LiElKlCHSEN,     Capt.     F.     C,     Sherwood  WARM1NGTON,    Capt.    A.    E.,   Royal   Irish 

^ore^ters.  Re^t. 

CRAY,  Sec.  Lt.  G.  R.,  RDF.  WORSWICK,    See.    Lt.    B,    King   Edward's 
RAWKEN,   Lfc.    VV.   V.,  She.wood  Foresters.  Horse. 


WOUNDED. 


ADDIS.  Sec.   Lt.  T.   H.  L.,  RDF. 
BAYL1SS,  Capt.  P.  S.,  South  Staffs.  Regt. 
Bl'HKOWES,  Lt.  T.  J.,  1   fie  Brig.de. 
BROAD,  Sec  Lt.  J.  E.,  Sherwood  Foresters. 
BAI1ERSBY,    Sec.    Lt.    J.    A.,    Royai    Irish 

Kifies 
BALl.K,   Maj    C.   A.  J.    A  ,   R.A.M.C. 
BAG  LEY,  Capt.  A.  B.,  R.D.F. 
BLAKE,  So-.   Lt.   R.  1).  C,   Hussars, 
till  RCH,  Capt.    1L.   Royal  Scots. 
LHARL1UN,      Capt.      R.      A.,      Sherwood 

I'oie-ters. 
CURSHAM,  Capt.  F.  G.,  Sherwood  Foresters. 
CURTIS,     Sec.      Lt.      VV.      H.,      Sherwood' 

i!  o  rest-era. 
CHALMERS,  Sec.  Lt.  A.  D.,  Ryl.  Fuaffiers. 
1JLLANY,  Capt.  A.  S.,  R.D.F. 
L'JJSSANY,  Capt,  E.  J.  M.  D.  Lord,  Royal 

Inniskillinq    Fusiliers. 
DUNV1LLE,  Sec.  Lt.  R.  L.s  Grenadier  Gds. 
DENNING,  Capt.  G.  F.,  R.A.M.C. 
DUNN,  Sec.  Lt.  J.  A.,  R.D.F. 
ELLIOTT,  Lt.  C.  P.,  Sherwood  Foreate*;. 

E,      Lt.-Col.      C,      £,iS>5,      Shmwood 

Foi  esters. 
F1SHE!!,  Sec.  Lf.  W.  F.,  Sherwood  Forever?. 
OERRARD,  Sec.  Lt.  E.,  R.F.A. 
^A^r>v'-  &T';   J1-.  Sherwood  Fores?0»t 


HARTSHORN,  Sec.     Lt.     J.     E.,  Sherwood 

1<  oresters. 

HAWE.  Sec.   It.   J.   A.,  R.D.F. 
H1CKLING,  Capt.   F.  G.,  She- wood  Foresters. 
HELL1WELL,  Sec.   Lt.   G.  D.,  South  Staffs. 

Regiment. 
JOLLANLf",  Sec.  Lt.  B.  E.,  Yeomanry. 
LAMB,  Sec.  Lt.  F.   M.,  Sherwood  Foresters. 
LEATHAM,  Maj.  W.  S.  B.,Roval  Irish  Lilies. 
LESLIE-MELVILLE,  Capt.  and  Adjfc.  A.  B., 

Sherwood  Foresters. 
McCLUGHAN,  Capt.  J.  C,  Ryl.  Irish  Rifles , 
McCULLAGII,  Capt.  J.  T.,  R.A.M.C. 
McCAMMOND,    Sec.   Lt.   C.   R.    W.,   Roval 

Irish  Rifles.  ' 

MALONE,  Lt.  G.,  Royal  Irish  Regiment., 
MOONEY,  Lt.  H.  L.,  R.A.M.C. 
NORMAN,  Sec.  Lt.  H.  W.,  Lainster  Ro^t., 
NORTH,  Sec.  Lieut.  F.  W.,  R.  Irish  Rest., 
O'NEILL,  Sec.  Lb.  J.,  Royal  Dublin  Fusiliers.) 
PRAGNELL,  Capt.  F.,  Sherwood  Foresters. 
QUI  BELL,  Capt.  A.  1L,  Sherwood  Forester 
R1GG,  Maj.  W.  T.,  Royal  Irish  KiUes. 
SHEPPARD,  Capt.  J.,  S.  Staffordshire  Regt. 
1HOMLSON,  Lfc.  H.  H.,  Duke  of  Lancaster's 

Uwrfi  "i  ?oso"ry. 
.aiSSlNGTON;  Sec..  Lt..  H,  G.,  R.Ea 


RANK  AND  FILE. 

All    are    privates    unless    otherwise    stated.  The  towns  following  the  names  are  thos*   in 
which  the  next-of-kin  of  the  soldier  reside. 


Barks,    L.-Cpl.   G.    (Newark). 
Barratt,    G.    (Loughborough) 
Blissett,  J.   (N'ingham). 
Bradford,  5617,  J.   H. 
Chapman, L. -CI.  H.(S'thwell). 
rixey,  Co.S.-M.  H.  (Newark). 
Dixon,  C.  T.  (N'ingham). 
Davenport,    £.    (Mansfield). 


Applegate.A.    (N'ingham). 
Allen,  H.  (Carrington,  Notts). 
Ankers,  L(Riddings,  Alfreton). 
Baguley,  T.   (Mansfield). 
Beastall,  C.  (Snelton  Dale). 
Beazley,  F.   (Mansfield). 
Becke,   Sgt.   C.  (Maidenhead). 
Belton,  J.  P.  (Newark). 
Bradley,  J.  R.  (Huthwaite). 
Bird,  E.    (Newark). 
Boissitt,  J.  (Nottingl  am). 
Brindlev,   R.    (E.    Kirby). 
8all,Bglr.  T.VV.  (Nottingham). 
Bettney,  H.  (Calver). 
Store,  L.-Cpl.  H.  (N'ham) 
3owley,  W.  C.  (Stapleford). 
Bradford,  S.  (Nottingham). 
3uckman,  A.  S.  (Matlock). 
Jhampelovier,  J.  N.  (N'ham). 
lay ton,  L.-Cpl.  H.   (N'ham). 

toll  in,  G.  (Nottingham). 
?onneley,  J.  (Mansfield). 
.'ooper.S.-Drm.  R.(ManshVd). 
.ox,    A.   (Nottingham). 

ox,   A.   (Mansfield). 

hamrers,  C.  (N'ingham). 

arlin,  Cnl.  M.  (Chesterfield). 

larke,  2481,   G.   F. 
."upitt,  5676,   F. 
Jixon,   J.    (Woiksop). 
)avey,  A.   (Nottingham). 
)enham,  J.    H.    (Day  brook). 
)ickinson,    A.    (Nottingham). 
)iUon,  C.   (MansCeld). 
Mtchfield,  R.  (Mansfield). 
)ixie,  J.  (Nottingham). 
)ixon,  0.  B.  (Elkington). 
)olphin,  J.  J.  (Mansfield). 
)ove,  L.Cpl.F(Sutton-in-A'field) 
)oyle,  W.  (Nottingham). 
)uncombe,  G.  (Mansfield), 
Idney,  T.  (Mansfield). 
Iden,  J.   (Nottingham). 
Uliott,  H.  C.   (Nottingham), 


SHERWOOD   FORESTERS. 
KILLED    OR    DIED    OF    WOUNDS. 


Elliott,  A.  G.  (N'ingham). 
Farnworth,  E.  (N'ingham). 
Forth,  J.  R.  (Worksop). 
Goss,    J.    (Radford). 
Holland, L.(Sutton-in-  \ 'field). 
Hoyle,   Cpl.    C. 
Holbrook,  A.  (N'ingham). 
Jeffs,   P.    (Bui well,   Notts). 

WOUNDED. 

Ellis,  F.   (Radford). 
Fish,  A.  L.  (Nottingham). 
Foster,   R.   (Arnold,    Nottf). 
Freestone,   W.   (Newark). 
Godbor,  J.  A.  (Radford). 
Goddard,  J.  (Nottingham). 
Graveney,L.-Sgt.  A.(Aewark). 
Hadden,  J.   (Carlton). 
Hawley,  Cpl.   E.   (Netherfield). 
Hazledene,    A.  (Long  Eaton). 
Hill,   L.  Cpl.   W.   (Basford). 
Hocking,  J.   (Stanton   Hill). 
Hogg,  L.-Sgt.  J.  (Alfreton). 
Hopcroft,  R.   (Nottingham). 
Higgins,  J.  T. 
lies,  F.    (West  Bridg  ford). 
Hlingworth,  E.  (Retford). 
Jackson,  Sgt.   W.   (Newark). 
Kerry,   L.   (Alfreton). 
Lindley,  H.  (Mansfield). 
Lane,  J.  H.  (Newark). 
Lawrence, Co. S-M.  H(Newark) 
Laxton,  E.   (Snci'.oa,  Notts). 
Limb,   B.  M.  (Dravcott). 
Lowde,  3353,  S.    H. 
J^ock,  A.   (Basford,  Notts). 
Middleton,   S.    (Long   Eaton). 
Midgeley,    N.     (Fisherton). 
Millership.G  (Sutton-in  A'field) 
Marriott,  550,  Co.  Sergt.-Maj. 

E.   C. 
M.iorbv.  (J.  N.  (Br-uduottnm) 
Mapletoft,  ■  J.   (Wa.-sop,  Notts) 
MeMahon,  N    (Chesterfield). 
Mottley,         W.         (Auneiley, 

Woodhouse). 
Newcombe,  Col.    A.    (Notts.). 
Nicholson,Cl.  A. (Old  Basford). 
Norman,  C.  H.  (Nottingham). 
Northbridge,   H.   (Mansfield). 
Nunn,  Sgt.  G.  (Worksop). 
Oldham   T.  H.  (Beeston). 
Clley,  B.  D.  (Nottingham). 
O'Mara,  J.  (Mansfield). 


Aucnen,  A.  .7.   (Newark). 
Millar,  T.  H.,  (C  bury). 
Rodgers,    H.    (White well). 
Sibley,    A.    (Beeston,   Notts). 
TunniclifTe.W.A.  (Long  Eaton) 
Tyler,  4905,  A. 
Warner,  A.  (Mansfield). 
Woard,   A.   E.    (Newark). 


Pearce,   5416,    H. 
Padmore,  E.  (Nottingham). 
Parsons,  Sgt.  W.  G.  (Notts.) 
Pattinson,   A.   (Carlisle). 
Pickering,  Cpl.  A.  (Watford). 
Plowman,   W.   (StaplelorA 
Plow-right,   H.    (Nottingtlioj). 
Poppitt,  L.-Cpl.  J.  (Woikso:» 
Presswood,  E.  (Worksop). 
Proctor,  A.  F.  (Bontham). 
Ridge,  H    (Southwell). 
Rooks,  C.  E.  (Elmham). 
Reynolds,  F.  N.  (N'ham). 
Roberts,  H.  (Bootle). 
Robson,  A.  N.  (Nottingham). 
Rowe,  G.  (Cu.rington). 
Saltinstali,  A.  (Nottingham). 
Savage,  F.  (A^ansfield'). 
Scothon,  G.  (Sherwood). 
Scrutton,  D.  G.   (Farndon). 
Skerritt,  W.  (Arnold). 
Smith,     A.     (Nottingham). 
Smith,  H.  (West  BiidgeloiJ) 
Smith,  W.   (MansSeid). 
Snowden,  F.  (Retiord). 
Simmonds,  J.    (N'isgham.V 
Stroud,  W.  (Beading). 
Sheldon,  H.  (Lentopj. 
Smedlev.  H    (Nottingham). 
Shaw,  W.    (Ilkeston)'. 
Sharpe,   t>5W,  S. 
Stri.k-on,  5333,  G. 
'Ja\lor,    \V.    H.    (  n'orksop). 
'J'horpe,    ^  .    ( r-outii  Lcarle). 
Vest-v,  55..' 1,   13. 
Wiles",   5619,    W. 
Waplington,    W.    (TuxfordL 
Ward,  J.  (Rddford). 
Webster,  0.  (New  Bisford), 
Williamson,  J.  (Buxton). 
Wyer,  C.  (Southwell), 
vvnitby,  B.  (Radford). 


SOUTH    STAFFORDSHIRE    REGIMENT. 


ank?,  A.  (Wednesfield). 
anting,  F.  C.  (W'hampton). 
Sarrett,  Cpl.  .J  (W'hampton). 
lourne,  Ef.  (Sedgeley). 
lowcott,  J.  (W'hampton). 
!hick,  J.  (Wombourne). 

L     J 


KILLED    OR    DIED    OF    WOUNDS. 

Collins,  3151,  T.  A. 
Jfox,  E.  (Willenhall). 
Humphries,  W.  H.  (M'field). 
JobWl,  T.  rWillenhall). 
Speed,  B.  (Wolverhampton)., 
Eaujuders,  0.  (Brierley).. 


Sherwooa,  J.  JFT.  (Bolton)— « 

accident&J  y. 
Tempest,   (.o.  ^.M.S.    D, 

F.  (Wolver jiampt^n) 
Wright,  Pt  (Nuneaton)., 


Bavliss,  5C51,  R. 
Banks,  Sgt.  A.   (Willenhall). 
Btnfield,  F.  (Smethwick). 
Buckerfield,G.A.(  W'hampton) 
Buckoke,  H.  L.  (Balham). 
Bulloch,  H.  (Bilston) 
JQavies,  F. (Wolverhampton), 
fbavies,  W.  (Wolverhampton). 
&~oley,  J.  (West  Bromwich). 


WOUNDED. 

Goody,  Sgt.  A.   (Clanham). 
Hane'ox,    W.    (Old   Hill). 
Harris,   W.  E.  (Vvals?'1). 
Harvey,  Sgt.  J    (Wa\sall). 
Hope,*T.  S.  (W'hampton). 
Jones,  Sgt.  H.  (Heath  i'own). 
Millington,   T.    (Kirk   Ireton). 
Roberts,  C.  (Woivernamptou). 
Rowbotham,   4271,   A. 


Stringer,  F.  (Dudley) 
Slaney,  L.   (Wolvernampton). 
Tudor,  L.-Cpl.  S.  F.  (Wolver- 
hampton). 
Venables.  M.  (W'hampton). 
Waterhnuse.  G.  (Stockport). 
Webb,   S.    (Walsall). 
Wortoii,Sgt.  F.  (Brierley  Hi.1!) 


Brindley,  H.   (Burslem). 


NORTH    STAFFORDSHIRE    REGIMENT. 

KILLED    OR    DIED    OF    WOUNDS. 

Cornwall,  L.-Sgt.  L.  (Burton  on-Trent). 


Cornwall,  Sgt.   J.   (Burton). 
Cook,  C.  E.  (Stafford). 
Johnson,  W.  (Stoke-on-Trent). 


WOUNDED. 

King.  L.-Cpl.   C   (Burton-on-  Talbot.    H.  G.  (N'p.ort,  Sal-p). 

Trent).  Warburton,  L.-Sgt.  H.  (Bur- 
Merrick,   G.    (Uttoxeter).  ton-on-Tieot). 


Coyle,        Co.        Q.M.S.        J. 

(Middlesbrough). 
Duggan,  C.  (Belfast  Enlt.) 
Hanna,  J.   (Belfast). 

Atkins,   M.  (Kilkenny). 

Brady,  D.   (Dublin). 

(.ley  la  no',  W.  D.   (Belfast). 

Cunningha:-,  J.   (Youghal). 

CoUard,  Sergt.  G.  (Poplar). 

Dovle,   L.   (Dublin). 

Duffy.    J.    T.     (Kilteel,    Co. 

Kildare) 
Gould,   S.    (Manchester). 
Graham,  A.    (Manchester). 
Gilmore,  J.  Toomebridge, 

Co.  Antrim). 


ROYAL  IRISH  RIFLES. 

KILLED    OR    DIED    OF    WOUNDS. 

Mulhern,    J.    (Dublin). 
Morton,    L.-C.    N.    (Belfast). 
McC'ullough,  J.  (Belfast). 

WOUNDED. 

Henderson,  J.   A.   (B'fast). 
Hutchinson,  S.   (B'fast). 
Holohan,    T.    (Wrtenoid). 
Irvine,  G.  (Newry). 
Johnston,    D.    (B'fast). 
Maher,  Cpl.  H.   (Dublin). 
Mitche.l,    R.    (Belfast). 
Mulhollanci',  Sat.    H.    (B'fst.) 
Murray,    P.    (Dublin). 
McCord,  L.-Cpl.  R.     (B'fst.) 
McMaster,  Sgt.  A.  (B'fast), 
Mangan,   Cpl.   J.    (Dublin). 

ROYAL    DUBLIN     FUSILIERS. 


M'Clelland,  A.   (Down;. 
Nolan.  J     (Dublin). 
Wilson,  D.   (Glasgow). 


Milholland,  Sgt.  J.  (Belfast). 
O'Reilly,  E.  (Stillorgau). 
Patton,  S.  (Ballymoney). 
Smvth,  W.  ((.  arrick-on  Shan.) 
Swan,  Cpl.   D.  (Belfast). 
Southam,  Co.  Sgt. -Ma].     R. 

(W.   Bromwich). 
Taylor,  A.  (Dublin), 
'lay  lor,    Co.    Seryt-Major    W. 
Wilson,  B.  (Mo.s!ey,  Antrim) 
Wilson,    C.    (Waterford). 


Burke,      L. -Sergt.      W.      R. 

('Jravesend). 
Byrne,  J.   (Dublin). 
Loxon,  R.  (Uuiaair.). 


Baird,   W.    (Dublin). 
Barnes,   J.   W.    (Dublin). 
Byrne,    D.    (Dublin). 
Byrne,  11.  (Lucan,  Co.  D'bln). 
Brennan,  F.  A.  (Dublin). 
Carolan,   Q.M.S.   T.   (Sitting- 
bourne). 
Conway,  P.  (Donnybrook). 
Cope,   L.-Cpl.   E.    (Dublin). 
Cox,   L. -Cpl.  T.   (London). 


KILLED    OR    DIED    OF    WOUNDS. 

Ellis,  A.    (Leeds).  Thompson.  J.  A. (Fnniskillen). 

Hare,  Set.    H.   (Dublin).  Watchorn,   A.   (Williamstown, 

lumphieys,  O.   II.  (Dublin).  Lo.    Carlow). 

Lucas,  F.   (Halton,  Leeds). 


WOUNDED. 

Craddock,  C.  (Clonmel). 
Campbell,  J.  (Dublin). 
Coroner,  J.  (Dublin). 
Dolan,  Cpl.  M'.  (Dublin). 
Ellis,  A.  (Leeds). 
Kerrigan,  L.-C.   M.    (Dublin) 
Healy,   J.   E.    (Clare). 
Healy,  P.  (Cork). 
Herbert,  L.-Cpl.  P.  (Dublin). 
Law  lor,  J.  (Dublin), 


M'Alister,    B.  (Longford). 
M'Nally,    M.    (Dublin). 
Merry,  L.-Cpl.  M.  (Dublin). 
Nolan,  L.-C.  M.  (M'evan)., 
Nolan,  H.  (Manchester). 
O'Riordan,  W.   (Cork). 
Smith,  R.  A.  (Dromore). 
Smuller,  L.-C.  M.  (Dublin)., 
Wheatman,  R.  (Dublin). 
Walsh,  R.  H.  (Dublin).  ' 


Brennan,  Cpl.  J.  (Gowra'n). 
Can-,    M.    (I  ulhuddart). 
>vanagh,  J.   (Glasgow). 


ROYAL  IRISH  REGT. 
KILLED    OR    DIED    OF    WOUNDS. 

Duffy,  £,  .(St.  John's,  N.B.)       Gamble,    Co.-Q.M.    Sgt.     fc, 


i<lyun,  \\ .  (Currick  on-Suu').. 


(Golder's  Green,  N.W.) 
Treacy,  T.  (Killenaule).. 


WOUNDED. 

potty,  J.    (Newcastle,  Tip).  Humphries,    A.    (Taunton).  Norman,   J.    (Bedford. 

Cnilen,  E.   ((.  a-hei).  i  eutmpr,  J.   (Mulhuddart).  Traynor,   i.I.    T.   (Dublin). 

Boyle.   I'.   (Dublin).  McGrath,  A.  C.  M.  (Wt'ford).  Walsh,  P.  (Mooncoin). - 

Gor.,1,  hild,  E.  (Wateiford).  Moulton,   J.    (Liverpool).  Walsh,    W     (Kilkenny) 

parson,   M.    (Ihuiles).  Murphy,  L.-Sgt.  F.  (W't'ord). 

ROYAL  INNISKILLING  FUSILIERS. 
KILLED    O.T    DIED    OF    WOUNDS. 

Knox,   F.   W.    (Wicklow). 

WOUNDED. 

Ferguson,   H.   (Belfast)  Geirard,  F.  (Navan).  Maguire,  L.-C.   P.   (C  Ins). 

Loley,  J.   (Cork).  Hawkins,  Sergt.  F.  (Perry).         M'Alonen,    Sgt.    J.    (Belfast). 

ROYAL  IRISH  FUSILIERS. 

KILLED    OR    DIED    OF    WOUNDS. 
Brosnan,  Sgt.-Maj.  P.  (D'bln)  Cullen,  J.  (Belfast). 

Beattv.      R.      (Killigar,     Co.      Carroll,   E.  (Manchester). 

Leitrim).  Claike,  J.    (Newbliss) 

Burnison,  J.  (Lurgan). 


Fadmore,  L.-Cpl    B.  (Saltley) 
.'^omeryule,  G.  (Lurgan). 


LEINSTER  REGT. 

KILLED. 

Moore,  C.   (Dublin). 

WOUNDED. 

Tallaghan,  J.    (Trim).  Dardas,    II.   (Navan).  Fitzgera'.d,  Cpl.  II.    (Glossop). 

ROYAL   FIELD    ARTILLERY. 
KILLED. 

Cartlidge,   Gnr.    R.    (Hanley). 

WOUNDED. 

lames,   Dvr.  C.  (Choulton).  Pepper,     Bdr.      E.     (Ashton- under-Lyrre).  Toole,  Gnr,  T.  (Dublin). 

LEICESTERSHIRE   REGT. 

WOUNDED. 

Sannister,  T.   (Leicester).  Scothey,  2596,   W. 

RCYAL    ENGINEERS. 

WOUNDED. 

Ifens,    Spr.    R.    F.    (Ballin-      Moore,  Spr.  L.  (Don-  Eabon)     Woolev,  Spr.  F.  (Brownhills) 
iollig,  Co.  Cork).  Wcstwood,  Spr.  T.  (Walsall).     . 

CONNAUGHT  RANGERS. 
WOUNDED. 

Meenehan,    Cpl.    A.    (Ballin robe). 

ARMY    SERVICE    CORPS. 
KILLED   OR    DIED    OF    WOUNDS. 

)cblold,  A.  E.  (Bedford).  Harrison,  T.  (Salford).  Mulvey,  J.  A.  (W'ldstone). 

WOUNDED. 
Davies,  C.   F.   (Manchester). 


ROYAL    ARMY    MEDICAL    CORPS. 
WOUNDED. 

Devey,  A.  A.  (W'hampton).         Fewkes,  Sgt.  H.  C.  (N'ham).       Mills,  Cpl.  C.    (Dublin    Enlt.). 

LANCERS. 

KILLED    OR    DIED    OF    WOUNDS. 

Blnndeil,  J.  (Appley    B'ge).  Leen,    P.    (Limerick).  Scarlett,  A.  (Battersea) 

Headland.    Seigt.    J.     D.    A.  Newlahd,  A.  (Mill wall  El  Shepherd,  Sgt.  (Bristol). 

(iMnslury).  Csborne,  L.-C.  C.  (Brighton).  Walker.  W.  (Glasgow). 
Hughe?,    b.  iKingston) 

WOUNDED. 

.AH-l^,  W.  (Pen2am).  Girfcs,     1.     (Stantonbnry).  King,  R.   (New    Barnet). 

Af^in,  F.  (Burton-on-Trent).  Gibson,     Sh.  Smith     W.       .1.  Knight      L.-Cpl.       S.      (Nrcw 

"Sonser,  T.  B.  (London,  S.W  J  (Exeter).  Bainet). 

'_i.at>man,  W.   E.   (Leeds).  Goodiifte    Sgt.  F.   (York).  Liddon,  G.    W.  (Dublin). 

(  oote,  Sgt.  C.  (Colchester).  Hawdon.P.  C.  W.  (Loughton).  Murphy.  L.-Cpl  P.S   (Dubl  n). 

De  Bank.  A    (Eanngdon).  Huxley,  Cpl.  H.  (Woking).  Peers,  A.   (Wigan). 

1'iUh,   H.   (Rotherhithe,  S.E.) 

HUSSARS. 

KILLED    OR    D!ED    OF    WOU     rg 

Cordwell,  24522,  H.  J.  O'Gorman.  S.H.  Smith,   A.  C.   (Hexhrid^. 

iimraney,    VV.   (Dublin).  Smith,  C.  (Kilburn,  N.W.)        Walton,  L.-Cpl.  A.  J.   (Readin 

WOUNDED. 

Hall,  L.-C.  C.  J. 'Windsor).  Mullally,  J.  (Clarerooi  Tail,  A.  Cpl  P.  B.  (E'burgh). 

julliffe,  Sgt.  R.  fT/derry).  Pinner,       Act.       L.-Cpl      *       Tudbury,  T.   (Heb -on  Tyne). 

;\1  LoiHitil,  S.   (Dublin).  (Northwood,  Hanley) 

YEOMANRY. 

KILLED   OR    DIED    OF    WGUM-J 

James,  —  (Pembroke).  James,   M.    (Caeran).  Llewellyn,  G.  (I'e-land). 

WOU  NEE  J. 

isbury,  H.  (Hope,  Flint).  Lees,  E    (Stockport).  Regan,  J.  (Bootle). 

Blenkinship,   A.   (Cailisle).  Partington,  J     R    (Carlisle)  Wil.iamsrn,     |,  \  pi.     P.     W. 

Charlton,  J.  G.  (Carlisle).  Richards,  R.  D.  (Oswestry).  (Lockeia.outh). 

Joi.es,    1.    (Swansea). 

2nd    KING    EDWARDS    HCRSL'. 

KILLED. 

Hewitt,      Cpl.      II       (Stoke- Deron  port). 

*»  WOUNDED. 

BroTvv.    E    F.  L.  (M'head).         Milton,  Sgt.   A.   C.   (Ken-  Prevail,   F.  .7.  (S.  Norwx^d). 

D'Alroy,  I. -Corporal  y.  fcing'ou,    W.)  W  ood,  Cpl.  K.  (London). 

NAVAL  1 1ST. 

KILLED. 

Cloister,  Robt.  F.  R.  A.,  R.N.R.,  1CC7,  E.A. 

WOUNDED. 

flow'*    *v'ci'.    Sto><r,  R.N'**-,       Herbert  "Sckerin?    Fireman,       Miller,  <  leorge  Thomas,  Pte, 
86o9,  £.  MezouJiM  Mac£»  R.M.L.I.,  Ply.,  S  1125. 

SEVERELY    WOUNDED. 

Sugwn,  Joshua,  Pte.  R.M.L.I.,  Ply.  S.  1235. 


57 


ROYAL   IRISH  CONSTABULARY, 


KILLED. 


Locality 

County. 

of  casualty. 

Meath 

Ashbourne 

Meath 

Ashbourne 

Meath 

Ashbourne 

Meath 

Ashbourne 

Meath 

Ashbourne 

Meath 

Ashbourne 

Meath 

A«hbourne 

Meath 

Ashbourne 

Oalway  (W  R  )     Carnmore 
Tipperary  (S.R.)   Lisvernane 
Tipperary  (S.R.)  Lisvernane 
Louth  Castlebellingham 

Cork   (E.R.)  Coole,  Lower 

Belfast  Dublin   City 

•Constable  Millar  was  in   Dublin 
at  Portobello  Barracks.     He  took 
Union. 


Period 

Age. 

of 

Name. 

Rank. 

Years. 

Service. 

Cray,   Alexander 

County    Impectcr 

57 

Y.  M. 

33    5 

Smyth,  Harry 

District    I-  t.ettor     41 

16    9 

Shanagher,  John 

Sergeant 

48 

25    3 

Young,  John 

Sergeant 

42 

19    S 

Hiekey,  James 

Constable 

49 

25    7 

Gormley,  James 

Constable 

25 

3    7 

McHale,   Richard 

Constable 

22 

3    2 

Geary,  James 

Constable 

28 

6    9 

Whelan,     Patrick 

Constable 

34 

8    6 

Rourke,  Thomas  F. 

Sergeant 

42 

22    3 

Hurley,  John 

Constable 

23 

3     1 

McGee,  Charles 

Constable 

23 

3    5 

Rowe,  William  N. 

Head    Constable 

49 

23     7 

*Mil!ar,  Christopher 

Constable 

29 

8    3 

at  the  School  of  Instruction  for  non-commissioned  officers 
part  with  the  military  in  the  attack  on  the  South  jju^.u-i 


County. 

Meath 

Meath 

Meath 

Meath 

Meath 

Meath 

Meath 

Meath 

Meath 

Meath 

Meath 

Meath 

Meath 

Meath 

Meath 

Dublin 

Galway  (E  R  ) 

Oalway  (W  R.) 

Galwav(W  R.) 

Oalway  (W.R.) 

Kerry 

Kerry 

Wexford 


Locality 
of    casualty. 

Ashbourne 
Ashbourne 
Ashbourne 
Ashbourne 
Ashbourne 
Ashbourne 
Ashbourne 
Ashbourne 
Ashbourne 
Ashbourne 
Ashbourne 
Ashbourne 
Ashbourne 
Ashbourne 
Ashbourne 
Donabate 
Oranmore 
Carnmore 
Clarenbridge 
Dublin  City 
Firies 
Firies 
Enniscorthy 


WOUNDED. 


Narn^ 


Rank. 


Scully,    Patrick    J. 
Glennon,  Francis  P. 
Murtagh,  Peter 
Leckey,  Henry 
Johns,  William  E. 
Cunningham.  Patrick 
Duggan,   Michael  J. 
Finan,  Tim 
Drinan,    Patrick 
McGann,    Henry 
...tfurphy,  John 
Kenny,   Francis 
McKeon,   Patrick 
Mulvihill,   Martin 
Conneely     Patrick 
Thorpe,   Joseph  G. 
Ginty,  Joseph 
Hamilton,    Hugh 
Manning,  David' 
*Meany,  Martin 
Geary,  Michael 
McLoughlin,  Thomas 
Grace,    Patrick 


Sergeant 
Constable 
Constable 
Constable 
Constable 
Constable 
Constable 
Constable 
Constable 
Constable 
Constable 
Constable 
Constable 
Xjfcnstahle 
Instable 
Constable 
Constable 
Constable 
Constable 
Constable 
Constable 
Constable 
Constable 


•Constable  Meany   was  in   Dublin  at  the  School   of  Instruction   for  N.C.O. 
Earracks.     He  took  part  with  the  military  in  the  attack  on  the  South  Dublin 


Period 

Age. 

of 

Years. 

Service. 

Y.  M. 

48 

30     6 

37 

15    7 

41 

20  10 

36 

13    4 

20 

1     7 

30 

8     7 

19 

1     3 

28 

1   11 

26 

3    5 

23 

1    0 

26 

2    7 

23 

5    4 

24 

4    6 

31 

9    4 

30 

ft    0 

40 

20    3 

44 

21     4 

31 

9  10 

32 

10    0 

26 

4    2 

23 

2    7 

23 

3    8 

26 

6    9 

's  at   P 

ortobeilo 

Union. 

DUBLIN    METROPOLITAN    1'OLICE     FORCE. 


KILLED. 


Constable  James  O'Brien,  168  B.,  who  was 

on  duty  at  the  Cork  Hill  entrance  to  Upper 
Castle  Yard,  was  shot  through  the  head  be- 
tween 11  a.m.  and  12  a.m.,  by  a  volunteer 
who  rode  up  to  the  gate  on  a  bicycle.  'J  he 
body  was  remo  "ed1  to  Castle  *>i(\\  :ti#A.  He 
•was  about  45  years  of  age,  and  hid  ovei  21 
years'  service. 

Constable  Michael   lahiff.   I?"  W.   who  rug 

on  duty  *•  Stephen's  mis*d,  W*at,  'ss.s>  s*vot 


bv  th/>  tx  be!s  at  about  12  noon  on  24th  April. 
He  ww  \'\i\  three  times  before  he  collapsed! 
He  wa*  \>  ovjht  to  the  Me^th  Hospital,  where 
he  die*)!  «1  on  ly  after  admission.  He  was  28 
years  d    is,*,    nd  had  five  years'  .service. 

Const*'  1p  Will-ant  Frith,  174  C,  was  shot 
dead  by  i  Viullet  through  the  neau  in  a  bed- 
room  of  St^re  street  Police  Station  on  27th 
April,  fc^e  vas  37  years  of  a£«,  and  had  over 
17  years'  advice. 


53 


WOUNDED. 


Constable  Edward  Dunphy,  35  C,  wa->  taken 
prisoner  by  the  Sinn  Fein  Volunteers  in  the 
vicinity  of  Sackville  street  on  the  24th  April, 
and  brought  into  the  G.P.  Office.  He  was 
pu<  out  of  the  place  on  the  28th  April,  and 
whilst  making  his  escape  received  5-  uullet  in 
the  back  of  the  left  hand,  and  peuets  on  the 
left  cheek  and  forehead.  The  bullet  was  ex- 
tracted in  Jervis  street  Hospital  He  was  on 
sick  report  from  the  injuries  for  45  days%  lie 
3S  44  years  of  age,  and  has  over  23  years  ser- 
vice. 

Constable  Thomas  Donohoe.  30  D,  while 
passing  on  duty  through  Christchurth  place 
Ltween  12  noon  and  1  p.m .,24 th  April,  re- 
ceived a  gunshot  wound  on  the  left  forearm 
He  was  medically  treated  at  Bridewell 
Station,  and  was  on  sick  leport  from  his  in- 
juries for  27  rlays.  He  is  47  years  of  age, 
and  has  over  25  years'   service. 

Constable  Charles  Hales,  119  D,  while  pass- 
in"  on  duty  along  Church  street  between  Z 
pm  and  3  p.m.,  24th  April,  was  stopped  by 
rebels  one  of  whom  fired  at  him  with  a^  re- 
volver and  wounded  him  slightly  on  the  back 
of  the  left  hand'.  Ee  was  then  arrested  by 
rebels  and  brought  into  the  Four  Courts, 
where  one  of  them  dressed  his  hand,  he  was 
released  shortly  after,  and  was  nothing  the 
versa  for  his  slight  injury.  He  is  o4  years 
ti  age,  and  has  3t  years'  service. 
~  Constable  Patrick  J.  Myles,  99  E,  while  on 
duty  at  Portobello  Bridge  on  24th  April  had 
nis  left  forearm  shattered  by  a  bullet.  He 
was  brought  to  City  of  Dublin  Hospital, 
where  he  remained  till  31st  May.  He  was 
unable  to  resume  duty  till  20th  September. 
He  is  35  years  of  age,  and  has  over  12  years' 
service. 

Station  Sergt.  J~bn  Hughes.  6  ;i,  while  off 
duty  in  plain  clothes  warning  to  Green  street 


Barracks,  was  stopped,  searched,  and  arrested 
by  rebels  at  Stephen's  Green,  West,  between 
12  midnight  and  1  a.m.,  25th  April,  and  was 
kept  in  Stephen's  Green  Park  till  about  9 
a.m.  same  date,  when  he  was  releasee,  by 
Countess  Markievicz.  When  endeavouring  to 
leave  the  park  his  right  forearm  was  shattered 
by  a  gunshot  fired  •  y  one  of  the  rebels  en- 
trenched there.  He  remained  lying  in  the 
park  for  about  five  hours,  wh-n  he  was  dis- 
covered by  Mr.  Carney,  Superintendent  of 
Board  of  Works,  wi  •>  had  him  removed  in  the 
Corporation  Ambu'ance  to  Rlcxer's  Hospital, 
He  had  to  undergo  two  operations  for  the 
wound,  an*'  remained  a  patient  until  22nd 
July,  but  was  unable  to  resume  duty  until 
6th  January,  1917.  He  is  48  /ears  of  age, 
and  has  over  27  years'  service. 

Constate  John  McGrath,  lf^  B,  while  on 
duty  keeping  watch  from  a  Mndow  in  College 
Barrack  between  1  p.m  «.nd  2  p.m.,  2bth 
April,  in  company  wi  h  Corporal  Henry 
Bushe,  Military  Pr'.vost  Staff,  was  shot 
through  the  lower  pail  of  ine  body  by  a  rifle 
bullet,  fired  from  the  D'Olier  street  direction. 
He  was  under  treatment  in  St.  Vincent's 
Hospital  till  22nd  July,  and  in  Stillorgan  t  nn- 
valescent  Home  till  4th  November.  On  14th 
January,  1917.  he  was  discharged  frcm  the 
force  on  pension  as  unfit  for  further  duty 
owing  tra  the  iniuries  be  had  received.  He 
is  32  years  of  age,  and  had  over  12  years' 
service. 

Constable  Cuthbert  O'Connell,  4o  E,  whileon 
r'uty  in  uniform  with  a  military  search  part v  at 
Tritonville  road,  received  a  bullet  wc  -nd  in 
the  calf  of  the  left  leg  on  2nd  M»v.  lie  as 
brought  to  the  Citv  of  Dublin  Hospir-'. 
he  remained  till  29th  May.  He  re«ur 
on  1st  July,  and  is  now  quite  well.  Re  „  ■ 
years  of  age,  and  has  over.  13  years'  service. 


"  THE  G.R.'s."' 

In  the  1st  (Dublin)  Battalion   Associated    Volunteer     Training      Corps 
casualties    occurred    between    24th    and    26th    A^ril,    1916: — 


the      following 


Nsrme. 
F.   H    Browning 
1  bos.  Ilarborne 
J(,...i   11.  Gitls 
Keginatd  V.  Ciery 
JoiLph  tloaford^ 


KILLED,    OR    DIED    OF    WOUNDS. 

Hank. 
Rub -Com  man  dart 
Pte.    (Motor   Cyclist) 
Private" 

Lance  Corporal 
Private 


Dependents 

Widow   and  one  son 

Widow  and    four  chLmen 

i/idow. 

Unmarried. 

Widow  and  one  child. 


L.  H    Ford 
\V.  J.   Home 
It.  (l-cen. 
J.    Redding 
W.  Scott 
George  Mav 
H.   A-    Aaderaon 


WOUNDED. 

Scrgt.   (severely) 

]'l.  fom.  (.-.'verely) 

P'c.   (severely) 

Co     S^t.-Maj. 

Priva»*i 

(  orporal 

PL  Com.   (sli^htljr) 


Wife  and  children. 
Wife  and  two  ihildrea. 
Wife. 

Wife    and    sii.    children. 

Wife. 

Wife  and   fonr  children. 

No   dependents. 


39 


250   BODIES  INTERRED   AT   GLASNEVIN 
CEMETERY. 

The  following  list  gives  the  names  of 
identified  persons  interred  at  Glasnevin 
Cemetery,  and  whose  deaths  occurred  as  a 
result  of  bullet  or  gunshot  wounds  arising  out 
of  the  rebellion.  The  list  includes  several 
persons  who  were  trampled  to  death  by 
crowds  in  the  streets.  Two  hundred  and  fifty 
bodies  buried  in  this  rametery  between  Easter 
and  11th  July  were  those  of  persons  whose 
deaths  were  directly  attributable  to  the 
rising  .— 

Adams,  J.    (38),   109  Cork  street. 
Allen,    Budget  (16),  27   Artan  quay. 
Allen,  T.   (50),   19£  Monck  place. 
Andrews,  J.   (14),  8  Stephen's  place,  Mount  st. 
Armstrong,    J.     H.     (43),    2    Great    Longtoid 

street. 
Parnbrick,   Alice   (44),   8   Willet   place. 
Barry,  Bridget  (25),  44  Lower  Uominick  st. 
Batter,    ty .    (23),    14   Elliott   place. 
lilayney,  J.   (65),   18  First  ave.,  Seville  place. 
Breniian,  J.   (45),  6  Great  Longford  street. 
Brennan,   i.l.    (45),  85  Capel  street. 
Brii^ell,  Julia  (20,,  2  Grattan  stieet. 
Brunswick,  Mary   (15),  57  Lr.   Wellington  st. 
Butle.,  R.  (45),  10  Wooagate  st'reet,  London. 
Byrne,  V..,  30  Corporation  Buildings,  Foley  st. 
Byrne,  J.,   31    Lower  Stephen  street. 
Byrne,  ,).    (60),  63  Shelbourne   road. 
Byrne,  P.  .'42),  1  O'Brien's  place,  Co.  Duhlin. 
Caffrey,       Christina       (2),       27       Corporation 

Building.*. 
Caldwell,   An-<*     Jane     (24),     43  Corporation 

Buildings. 
Casey,  J.    (33),   S5a  Townsend   street. 
Cashman,  J.,   Rosermunt,    Dundrum. 
(athcart,  C.    (9),  ?.8  Charlemont  street. 
Clarke.   P.    (40),  6S   Cork  street. 
Clarke,   R.    (73),   61    Mespil   road. 
Coade,  J.  J.   (19),  28  Up  Mount  Pleasant  ave. 
Coghlan,  Thos.,  155  North  Strand. 
Cole,  Mary  Anne  (37),  14  Up.   Gloucester  st. 
Condon,  Julia   (44),   56  Summe'iill. 
Connolly,  J.   (33),   108  Philipsburgh  avenue. 
Connolly,  Mary  (23),  4  Nth.  Richmond  street. 
Connolly,    W.    (37),   27   Usher's  quay. 
Connor,  G.   (21),  31   Strand ville  avenue. 
Corbin.   Mr.,   Jervis  street  Hospital. 
Corrigan,  G. ,  North  Frederick  street. 
Corriszan,    Mary    Anne    (38),    8   Engine   alley, 

Moore  lane. 
Cosgrave,   E.    ^43),   65  Lr.    Dominick  street. 
Costello,   J.    (32),   9   Wall   square, 
fostollo,   Jane   (54),    113  Seville  place. 
Costelto,     Mr.,     Kingstown. 
Courtnev,    C,  24    York    street, 
lovle,  H.   (29),  32  I^inster  avenue, 
(.rawford,  Julia   (20),   7   Irving  Crescent. 
(  reevan,  J.,  St.   Aloysius  road 
Cromien,  J.   (23),  13  Fingal  pUce.. 
runningham,   Mary  (62),  7  Chancery  street, 
t'urley,   V.   (51),  l6  Green  street. 
j1>alv.  Margaret  (60),  57  Queen  ivtieet. 
tearpan.    T>.    (58),    12    Henrietta    street. 
Da-vis.      Catherine     (59),     6     Stratford     row, 

Snmmerhill. 
.Derrick,  P.  (24),  22  Eustace  st**et. 


Dickson,  T.  (31),  12  Harrington  street,  news- 
paper editor,  shot  by  military  in 
Portotello  Barracks. 

Dignan,  P.  (51),  22  Lower  Ormond  quay. 

Dillon,   R.    (65),   8  Moore   street. 

Donnelly,  J.   (44),  6  Newfoundland  street. 

Donnelly,  T.  (52),  35  North  Cumberland  street. 

Donoghue,  J.   (19),  97  Marlborough  -treat. 

Donohue,  T.  D.  (22),  4  North  Brunswick 
street. 

Doyle,  D.   (46),  27  Upper  Liffey  street. 

Doyle,  J.    (36),   16  Moore  street. 

Doyle,  J.   (18),  25  Summerhill. 

Doyle,  M.   (16),  7  Whitefnar  street. 

Doylo,  S.  P.   (50),  27  Wellington  qvy. 

Doyle,  T.  (50),  12  Upper  Mercer  street. 

Dunne,   E.    (39),  91  North   King  ftreet. 

Dunne,  M.  (28),  36  Wexford  street. 

Dunlea,   R.    (35),   88   Marlborough   street. 

Dunphy,  J.,  Adelaide  Hospital. 

Uwan,  J.    (24),    1    Lower  Gardiner  street. 

Ennis,  E.   (31),  5  Dromard  ave.,  Sandymount. 

Ennis,  G.   (50),  174  North  King  street" 

Fahey,   P.  (23),   18   Usher's  Island'. 

Farrell,   J.    (48),    20   L.ity   quay. 

Farrelly,  J.,  (35),  3  Monks'  Cottages,  Lower 
Sheriff  street. 

Fennell,  P.  (33),  13  Portobello  road. 

Ferris,  Arthur  (35),  22  Lower  l^evin  street. 

Fetherstone,  P.   (12),  1  Long  iane,  Dorset  st. 

lMnegan,  W.,  48  Marlborough  street. 

F'innegan,  J.    (40),  27  North   King  street. 

Foran,   T.    (28),  22   Patrick  street. 

F'oster,  J.  F.  (2  years  10  months),  18  Manor 
place,    Dublin. 

Fox,   Wm.,    6  Holyeross   road. 

Fraser,  J.,  68  Caledon   road. 

Friel,  P.  (59),  17  St.  Joseph  Villas,  Strand  st. 

Geraghty,  J.   (21),   16  Middle  Gardiner  street. 

Geraghty,   P.   (39),  64  Lr.    Dominick  street. 

Gibney/J.    (5^),  16  Henrietta  nlace. 

Glaister,  R.  (55),  Ryicote,  Silloth,  Cumber- 
land  (naval   petty  officer). 

Glennon,  D.  (65),  99   Upper  Church  street. 

Glynn,  M.  (57),  24  C.  Corporation  Buildings. 

Goulding,  A.  (45),  18  Up.  Buckingham  street. 

Han  atty,   Elizabeth   (30),   39   Moore  street. 

Harris,  P.   (35),  23  Marlborough  place. 

Hayes,    M.    (45),    8   Christcburch   place. 

Healy,  J.   (14i).   188   Phibsborough   road. 

Healv,  J.    P.   (33),   143  Church  street. 

Heavey,   W.   (32),   57  Moore  street. 

Heenev,  R.  P.  (40).  14  North  Gt.  George's  st. 

Hoey,' P.  (25),  27  No.th  King  street. 

Hoev,  — ,  Rvder's   Row. 

Ho^an,  J.   (28),  31   Upper  Rutland  street, 

Howard,  J.  B.  (17),  26  Temple  Cottages, 
Broadstone. 

Pio-gins,  Christopher  (26),  40  Jervis  street. 

Hughes,   M.   (34),   172  North   King  street. 

H viand.  C.  H.  (?9),  3  Percy  p'ace. 

Ivors,    P.,   15  CnmL.    '    id  street. 

Jessop,  James  (12),  3  Upper  Gloucester  stieet. 

Johnston,   — ,    13    Denzille    street. 

Jordan  — ,   Poller  street   Hospital. 

Kavanagh,  E.  '->2)    30  Oxford  road.  Ranelagh. 

Keegan,   F.   f6l/j,   29  Upper  Ormnnd   quay. 
,  Kellv,   D.,   Jervis   street    Hospital. 

Kelly,   L.    (50).   1   Lr.   Clanbrass.il   str-.et. 

ieogh,    M.,   Holies   street   Hcapita*. 


60 


Kncwles,  H.  (40),  6  East  Essex  street. 
Kane.  Jane  (40),   109  Amiens  street. 
Kavanagh  —  (15),  4  North  King  street. 
Kelly,   James  (18),   205   Phibsborough    road. 
Lahirf,    M.    (28),    Dublin    Metropolitan    rolice 

Barracks,   Great   Brunswick  street. 
Lawless,  P.  J.  (21),  27  North  King  street. 
Law  lor,  C.  (46),  6  Halston  street. 
Leany,  M.  (62),  3  Inns  quay. 
Lennon,   Kate  (55),  5  Up.   Gloucester  place. 
Lennon,   Mary  (64),  43  Corporation   Euildings. 
Long,   Samuel   (44),  25  Gt.   Clarence  street. 
Slacken,    P.     (37),    13    Nassau    place. 
Maguire,  W.   (43),  62  Marlborough  street. 
Mallon,   J.    (29),   96   Upper   Dorset  street. 
Manning,  P.    P.    (25),  4   Broadstone  avenue. 
Martin,  P.  (42),  22  Lr.  Gardiner  ; '  reet. 
M'Cabe,   Henrietta  (44"),  34  Marlborough  st. 
M'Cartney,  J.    (36),   1-6  Exchange  street. 
McCormack,   J.,    Baldoyle. 
MCormick,  J.   (40),  44  B.   Corporation  Build- 
ings. 
McDowell,  W.   (49),   V3  Merchant's  quay. 
McLlvery,  J.   (56),  15  Verschoyle  place. 
M'Galey,  E.   (57),  4   Lower   Bridge  street. 
M'Kane,   Bridget  (16),    D   Henry  place. 
M'Killop,   M.    (33),   22   Lr.   Gardiner  street. 
McLoughlin,  R.  (62),  27  John  st.,   Blackpitts. 
M'Manus,    P.    (61),    12   ffoore   street. 
Meagher,  J.   (49),  12  Langwshe  place. 
Meegan,   J.    (53),   90   Lr.    Gardiner   street. 
Meron  or  Merna,  Julia  (60%  32  Gt.  Charles  st. 
Molcady,  T.,   Irvine  place.    Fairview. 
Moore,  J.    (23),  15  Little  IfVitain  street. 
Morris,  Mary  (27),  31  Upr.   Mount  street. 
Mov,    W     ft.,   Richmond    Hospital. 
Mullen,  W.   (9),  8  Moore  place. 
Murphv,    Catherine    (68),    63   Railway  street. 
Murphy,  E.  (32),  9  Upuer  Pembroke  street. 
Murphy,  J.  (60).  42  Henry  street. 
Murray,  D.  J.  (23),  35  Lr.  Mountpleasant  ave. 
Murray,  J.   (40),   28   Empress  terrace. 
Neat,  John,  the  Castle  Yard. 
Nealon,   P.   (62),  77  bridge  street. 
Neili,   Wm,   (16),  93  Church  street. 
Nolan,   Margaret  (26),  6   Lr.   Wellington  st. 
Nunan,   M.   (34),  174  North   King  street. 
O'Callaghan,  J.,   lveagh    House. 
OTarrolI,   R.   (40),   49  Curie  street. 
O'Connor,    Ellen    (50),    South    Union    Work- 
house. 
O'Dor.oghue,  J.   (42),  31   Cabn,.  Park. 
U'Duffv,   J.    (82),    54    Rutland   square. 
O'Crady,  E.   (25),  2  Lower  Sheriff  street. 
O'Grady,   P.  (45),   Daisv  Market. 
O'Neill,"  W.   (16),  33  Church  street. 
O'RahiUv,  M-   -1     (The)  (40)    14  Herbert  Park. 
O'Reilly',  J.   (28),  12  Lowe)   Gardiner  ?:.cet. 
O'Reilly,  T.   J     (21),  <3  Geraldine  street. 
Pentony.  T.  (48).  34  Nnrt  i  Cum herland  street. 
Pierce,' G.  (20),  12  Soutl   Ear!  street. 
Power,  J.  (60),  9  Buckingham  place, 
i'urcell,   Christina   (30),    17    W<entworth   place. 
0,uinn,  J.   (42),  South  "  /nion  Workhouse, 
th.ii  ke,   Elizabeth  (22).    U   L^Tey   street. 
Uedmond,  C  (21),  32  hairove-T  stree'i,  Ensi. 
Kedmond,  Mary  (16),    »  Mary's  Abbey. 
Reilly,  J.  (51),  75  Cny*l  street. 
Ilvan,  F.  (18),  3  Hl2h  street. 
tlyan,  P.  (13^),  2  Sitric  plac*. 


Scott,  W.   E.  (8),  16  Irvine  Crescent. 
Sheehy-Skelhngton,   F.   C.   J.    (37),   jottrnalist,  ' 

11    Grosvenor     place,     shot     by     military  "j 

in    Portobello    Barracks. 
Shiels,  F.  (27),  45  Jervis  street. 
Simpson,    V.    P.   (23),  6  Enniskerry  road. 
Smyth,  Elizabeth  (19),  5  Sandwith  place. 
Spellman,  T.   (68),  62  Arbour  hill. 
Stephenson,  P.   (50),  76  Lr.   Gloucester  street. 
Stillman,  J.  (35),  8  Leitrim  place. 
Taaffe,  Rosanna  (41),  26  Corporation  street 
Tierney,   P.,    123   Dorset  street. 
Timmons,   May,  4    Harmony  row. 
Traynor,  J.   J.   (18),   3  Shannon  terrace,   Kil* 

mainham. 
Trevor,  P.,  Ryder's  row. 

Veale,  Margaret  M.  ('3),  103  Haddinstcn  rd., 
Walsh,  E.   (43),  8  Lower  Uominiuk  street. 
Walsh,  J.   (34),  172  North  King  sneer. 
Walsh,  J.  J.  (19),  14  Upper  Kevin  street. 
Walsh,  P.   (27),  43  Manor  place. 
Walsh,   P.    (12),   10  L   .kett'.s  court. 
Watson,    W.,   S wilt's  row. 
Watters,   Very   Rev.    F.    J.,    D.D.,   S.M.    (66), 

96  Lower  Leeson  street. 
Wenny,  Mrs.  (63),  18  Up.   Buckingham  street. 
West,   W.   (52),  16   Belvedere  place. 
Whelan,  C.  (15),  30  Nth.  Great  George's  st. 
Whelan,   D.,   122   Parnell  street. 
Whelan,    P.      (23),      25      Pembroke   Cottages. 

Ringsend. 
Whelan,  Sarah  (28),  16  Gt.  Clarence  street. 

The  bodies  of  about  twenty  persona  »i-m) 
identity  was  not  clearly  established  were  also 
interred  at  Clasnevin.  These  were  brought 
from  Holies  street.  Richmond,  Jervis  street, 
Mater,  and  Mercer's  Hospitals,  Trinity  Col- 
lege, the  Castle  Yard,  South  Dublin  Union, 
and  Daisy   Market. 


24   IN   MOUNT   JEPvOME    CEMETERY. 

The  following  is  the  list  of  remains  brought 
to  Mount  Jerome  Cemetery  for  interment  as 
a  result  of  the  rebellion  : — 
Ballantyne,  John   (79),   40   Merrion  square. 
Bond,   Henry   (33),  38  South   Frederick  street. 
Cowley,   Tho3.    K.    (65),   93    Haddington  road 

and   Christian    Union    Buildings. 
Dockeray,  Cecil  E.    (44),   4   Warwick  terrace, 

Leeson  Pack. 
Frith,  Wm.  (174  C,  D.M.P.)  (12),  Store  street 

Police  Station. 
Fryday,  Private  Neville  N.  (75th  Batt.  Cana- 
dian Regiment)  (16^),  Mercer's  Hospital. 
Gibbs,  John  EL,  Vet.  Lorps  ((55),  58  Belgrav* 

square,  Rath  mi  ties 
Hall,  Robert  C.   (29*),  3  Serpentine  ayenne..  ? 
Hallic'  y,   Wm.     Jas.      (23),      near  Herbertoa 

Bridge. 
Hayter,  Charles  (77),  Grand  Canal  st.  Bridge. 
Joze,   ihos.   M.   (C3),   Arran  quay. 
Macnamara,   John    II  ,    (12^),    York   street. 
McLoughlin,  James  (52). 

Myers,  Miss  Annie  (54),  13  North  Earl  street. 
Neil,  James  C.   (29),   16  Fitzroy  avenue. 
Neil,  Mary  (40),  Aungier  street. 
Kamsav,  Lieutenant  Alan  L.  (25),  Royal  Irisfc 

Jiegiment. 


Rice,    Wm.    John    (35),    Glenholme,    Sandford 

terrace. 
Sainsburv,   George  P.    (T.'),   54   SCR. 
btodait,  Holder)  (33),  Winona,  Victutk  Villas, 

Blackrock. 
Vantreen,  Mrs.    Prudence   (70),    22   Werburgh 

street. 
Warbrook,    Miss   Eleanor   (15),    7    Fumbally's 

lane. 
Wilkinson,   Miss   Elizabeth  (60),  4   Woodstock 

Gar&ens,   Ranelagh. 
Wilson,    David,    5252,    3rd    R.I.R.,    Adelaide 

Hospital. 


49  IN    DEANS   GRANGE   CEMETERY. 

The  following   is  the   list   of  known   persons 
who.-se    deaths    resulted    Irom    bullet    or    gun- 
shot   wounds,    and     v.  hose    remains    were   in- 
terred  in    Dean's   Grange   Cemetery: — 
Blissett,    Pte.    J.    H. ,    Sherwood    Foresters. 
Brown,  Sec.   Lt.   M.    B  ,  Sherwood  Foresters. 
Browning,   Francis     Henry     (h7),     17  Herbert 

Park,   Dontiv  brook.  * 

Byrne,    Pte.    lid  ware!',   Sherwood    Foresters. 
Carroll,  James     Jo-eph     (24),     the  Municipal 

Buildings,    Kingstown. 
Cunningham,  Andrew     (24),     77     Park   View, 

1'iaeon   House  road,   Dublin.    _ 
Dietruhsen,   Capt     Frederick   Ik-istian,   Sher- 
wood      Foresters,      5      Weston      terrace, 
Nottingham. 
Doyle,   John   (20),   104   Rincsend   road. 
Elks,   Pte.  J.,  Scots  Guards. 
Ellis,   1  te    A  ,    Royal   Dublin    Fu^Iiers. 
I'armswoith,    Pte.    A  ,    ^herwnod    roiesters. 
tlvnn,  John    (63),   Dodder    View. 


Gregg,  Wm.  (64),  2  Simpson's  lane,  Irishto*vJ- 
Hickey.    Christopher    (16),    163     North     Kin* 

street. 
Hickey,   Thomas   (33).   168   North  King  street, 
Hogan,   Jeremiah    (26),   9   Summerhill. 
Keelv,    John    (30),    Ballvboden,    shot    in    C« 

Post  Office. 
Kelly,  Mary  (12),  128  Townsend  street. 
McCarthy,  John  (54),  Island  Bridge  Barracks. 
McGuinness,     Margaret    (50),    Pembroke     ccv 

tages,  Ballsbridge. 
Mclhtyre,   Patrick   (38),    newspaper  editor,   21 
.  Fownes   street.    D  iblin,    shot   by   military 

in  Portobello  Barracks. 
n'Flaherty,    Joseph,    Northuml  erland   road. 
Saunders,   Pte.  Charles,  South  Staff*.   Heat. 
Stewart,     Bridget     (11),     3    Pembroke     p  1  a  ■  <•. 

Ballsbridge. 
Svnnot,   George  (C7),  T3  Haddington  road 
Waters,  Richard  (49),   "The  Recess,"  Monk* 

town. 


The    bodies    of    the    following,    whn=e    q  i- 
dresses    are   not    recorded,    were    brought    lV-jTk 
Sir  Patrick    Dun's  Hospital   for  interment  :— 
Joseph    Byrne.  Christopher    Woodco-'-k 

Joseph  Clarke.  Annie  Walsh. 

John  Costello.  John  Lnnghlin. 

Wm    Carrick.  .\>avid  Swords. 

Joseph  Maguire. 

From  St.   Vincent's  Hospital  : — 
Joseph  Shergoing.  John    Keynon. 

Twelve  unknown   persons  were  also   1  uried 
Trese    bodies    came    from    St.     Vincent's,    13<r 
Patrick   Dun's.  Royal  t_ity  of  Dublin,  and  tin 
Ma  tor   Hospitals. 


REBELS   KILLED   WHILE   FIGHTING. 


A  card  issued  by  the  Ti 
the  imprint  of  the  Gaelic  Pi 
names  of  the  following,  as 
Week,    1916  "  :— 

Adams,  John. 
Allen,    1  hornas. 
Byrne,  Andrew. 
Byrne,  James. 
Byrne,  Joseph. 
Burke,  Frank, 
t  onnolly,  Sean. 
Corcoran,  James. 
Coyle,  Harry. 
Costello,  John. 
Cromean,  John. 
Crinigan.  John. 
Clarke,  Philip 
Carrigan.  t  harles. 
Darev,  Charles 
Darcy,  Peter. 
DoneUn,    Brendan. 
Doyle,  Patrick. 
Dwan,  John. 
Ennis,  Edward. 


ish  National  Aid  and  Volunteers'  Dependents'  Fund,  l^-r^f 
ess.  Dublin,  gave,  in  addition  to  a  list  of  those  execc'^d,  \h<& 
'  men  who  were  killed  whilst-  Ighting  for  neland  during  '£&"*2 


Farrell,  Patrick. 
Fox,  James. 
Geoghegan,  George. 
How  ard,  Sean. 
Hurley,  John. 
Healy,  John. 
Kealy,  John. 
Keogh,  Gerald. 
Keily,  John 
Keating,  Con. 
Kent,  Richard. 
Macken,   Peter. 
Macken,  Francis?. 
Manning,  Peter. 
Murphy,  Ri^hfwxd. 
Murphy.  D. 
Malone,  Michael. 
Murrav,  D. 
Met  nrma'k,   J. 
M'Dowell,  William. 


O'Rahillv,  The. 
O'Reillv,"  J. 
O'Reilly,    Richard 
O'Reillv,  Thomas. 
O'Carroll,  Richa:  * 
0'~l£>^gan,   Patrick. 
O'Grady,  John. 
Owens,  J. 
Oninn,  James. 
Raffeity,  Thorn  at 
Rvan.   Frederick. 
Reynolds,    decree. 
Sheehan,   Dornhnat!. 
p '..  „  ,*  -■     >a  t  rick 
'I  "av iior,  Joh"i. 
W-ikh,  F«t«varcL 
Walsh.    Philip. 
Whelan,  l-atric*. 
Weafer,  Tnorr.AS. 
Wi'son,  Pater. 


C2 


PUNISHMENT  OF  THE  REBELS. 


FIFTEEN  MEiN  EXECUTED. 
SIR    JOHN    MAXWELL'S    STATEMENT. 

The  following  announcement  was  issued  at 
the  Irish  Headquarters  Command  on  Thurs- 
day, 11th  May  :— 

In  view  of  the  gravity  of  the  rebellion  and 
its  connection  with  German  intrigue  and  pro- 
paganda, and  in  view  of  the  great  Ins  of  life 
and  destruction  of  property  resulting  there- 
from, the  General  Officer  Cbmm an diirg -in- 
Chief  has  found  it  imperative  to  inflict  the 
most  severe  sentences  0n  the  known  organisers 
of  this  detestable  rising  and  on  those  Com- 
manders who  took  an  active  part  in  the  actual 
fighting  which  occurred.  It  is  hoped  that 
these  examples  will  be  sufficient  to  act  as  a 
deterrent  to  intriguers,  and  to  bring  home  to 
them  that  the  murder  of  His  Majesty's  liege 
Bubjects,  or  other  acts  calculated  to  imperil 
the  safety  of  the  Realm  will  not  be  tolerated. 

THS   PRIME   MINISTER'S  STATEMENT. 

With  the  execution  on  Friday,  12th  Mav, 
of  James  Connolly  and  John  McDermott,  the 
last  of  the  seven  men  who  signed  the  declara- 
tion of  the  Irish  Republic  on  Easter  Mondav 
paid  the  death  penalty.  In  the  House  of 
Commons  the  previous  *ight  Mr.  Dillon  made 
r  remarkable  speech,  in  which  he  demanded 
the  cessation  of  tbp,  executions,  but  the  Prime 
Minister,  while  «xpressing  the  hope  that  it 
would  net  be  necessary  to  carry  out  the  full 
punishment  in  many  other  cases,  said  there 
were  two  men  who  would  have  to  endure  the 
extreme  penalty.  The  following  mornino-  it 
was  announced  that  Connolly  and  McDermott 
had   been  executed. 

The  total  number  of  rebels  executed  was 
fifteen.       Ihey    were: — 

P.    H.    Pearse. 
Thomas  MacEonngh.        Thos.   J.    Clarke. 
Joseph    Plimkett.  Jas.   Connolly. 

Edmund  Kent.  John  McDermott. 

The  above  were  the  seven  men  who  signed 
Jhe  declaration.  The  others  who  wore  executed 
lor  taking  a  prominent  part  in  the  rebellion 
fcere  : — 


Edward   Daly. 
\Vm    Pearse. 
Cornelius  Colbeit. 
J.   J.   Heuston. 


Michael   O'fianrahan. 
John   McBricJe. 
Michael  Mallin. 


For  the  murder  of  Head  Constable  Rowe  at 
Fermoy  on  2nd  May 

Thomas  Kent 

;*r.£  executed'  on  9th  May  at  Cork. 


Dublin  on  Wednesday   morning,   3rd  May : — ■ 

Three  signatories  of  the  notice  proclaiming 
the  Irish  Republic, 

P.  H.  Pearse, 

T.    M.s*"Donagh,   and 

T.    J.    Clarke, 

have  been  tried  by  Field  General  Courts- 
martial  and  sentenced  to  death.  The  sentence 
having  been  duly  confirmed,  the  three  above- 
mentioned  men  were  shot  this  morning. 


FOUR     SHOT     CN     THURSDAY,    4th     KAY. 

It  was  officially  announced  on  Thursday,  4th 
May,  that  four  more  rebel  leaders  had  been 
convicted  by  courtmartial  and  sentenced  to 
death.     They  were  :— 

Joseph  Plunkett. 
Edward  Daly. 
Michael   0  Hanrahan. 
William  Pearse. 

The  above  were  shot  that  morning,  after 
confirmation  of  the  sentences  by  the  General 
Officer  Commanding-in-Chief  : — 

The  following  weTe  convicted  and  sentenced 
to  death,  but  the  sentences  commuted  by  the 
General  Officer  Commanding-in-Chief  to  10 
years'   penal  servitude  : — 


Thomas  Be  van. 
Thomas  Walsh. 
Finian  Lynch. 
Michael  Mervyn. 
Dennis   0:Callag- 

han. 
P    E    Sweeney. 
Patrick  M'Nestry. 


Peter  Clancy. 
William  Tobin, 
George  Irvine. 
John    Doherty. 
J.   J.   Walsh. 
James  Meiir.n. 
J    J.    Reid 
John  Williams. 


Convicted  and  sentenced  to  death,  but  com- 
muted to  eight  years'  penal  servitude  by  the 
General   Officer   Commanding-in-Chief: — 

John  M'Garry. 

Convicted  and  sentenced  to  ten  years'  penal 
servitude,  and  sentenced  confirmed  by  the 
General   Officer   Commanding-in-Chief : — 

Francis  Fahy. 
Richard  Davys. 


THREE    SHOT    ON    WEDNESDAY.    3rd    MAY. 

The    following    was  officially    communicated 
from   the  Coinm^  EoskWft&V*,   J'«Jtgate, 


ONE    SHOT    ON    FRIDAY,    Glh    MAY. 

The    following    was    officially    communicated 
from   the   Irish   lleadouarters  on   Friday,   5th 

May  :— 

Trials  by  court-martial  of  rebels  proceeded 
yesterday,  and  36  men  were  tried.  Confirma- 
tion has  only  taken  j  lace  in  three  ca=es — ■ 
namely,  those  of  Thomas  Hunter,  John 
McBride,  and  William  Cosgrave. 
.  All  three  of  these  men  were  sentenced  to 
death,  but  the  General  Officer  Commanding-in- 
Chief  commuted  the  death  sentence  to  penal 
servitude  for  life  in  the  case  of  Hunter  and 
Ooegrave. 


63 


Photo   by] 


[Kcogh   Bros.  Pho(o  bin 


IKeoph  Bros, 


WILLIAM   PEARSE,    executed  on   4th   May. 


M.    O'HANRAHAN,   executed   on    4th    May. 


Pholo  by]  IKeogh  Bros.      Photo  6j/]  [Keogk  Bro&„ 

EDWARD    DALY,    executed    on    4th    May.  JOHN    MacBRIDE,    executed   on    5th    May. 


64 


The  death  sentence  on  John  McBride  was 
carried  out  this  morning. 

The  following  men  were  tried  on  the  2nd 
May:— Edward"  Duggan,  Pierce  Beasley,  and 
Joseph   Maguinness. 

Tr.ese  men  were  each  sentenced  to  three 
years'  penal  servitude,  and  the  sentence  was 
coafirmed  by  the  General  Officer  Command- 
ing-in-Chief. 

COUNTESS   MARKIEVICZ   GETS   LIFE 
SENTENCE    ON   SATURDAY,    6th    MAY. 

The  following  results  of  trial  by  Field 
General  Court  martial  were  officially  an- 
nounced on  Saturday,  6th  May  :— 

Sentenced  to  death,  but  commuted  to  penal 
servitude  for  life  by  the  General  Officer  Com- 
manding-in-Chief : — 

Constance  Georgina  Markievicz. 

Henry  O'Hanrahan. 

Sentenced  to  death— commuted  to  ten  years' 
penal  servitude  : — 
George  Tlunkett. 
John  Flunkett. 

Sentenced  to  death— commuted  to  five  years' 
penal  servitude : — 

Philip  B.  Cosgrave. 

Sentenced  to  death— commuted  to  three 
years'   penal  servitude  : — 

W     Meehan.  F.   Brooks. 

R.    Kelly.  R-   Coleman. 

W     Wilson.  1.  Peppard. 

j    Ciarke.  J.   Norton. 

J.  Marks.  J     Byrne. 

J.    Breiinan.  ■»■'•    °  Kel'y- 
P.    Wilson. 

Sentenced    to    penal    servitude    for    twenty 
years— ten    years    remitted  :— 
James  T.   Hughes. 

Sentenced  to  penal  servitude  for  ten  years— 
duly  confirmed  : — 
Peter  Doyle. 

Sentenced  to  two  years'  imprisonment  with 
hard    labour— duly    confirmed  ;— 
J.    Wilson. 

Sentenced  to  two  years'  imprisonment  with 
hard    labour-one  year   [emitted:— 
E.    Roach. 


All   these  four  men  took   a  very  prominent 
part  in  the  rebellion. 

Sentenced      to   death,  commuted    to      eight 
years'  penal  servitude  :— 
James  O'Sullivan. 

Sentenced  to  death,  commuted  to  five  years' 
penal   servitude  : — - 

Vincent  Poole. 

Will. am  P.   Corrigan. 

Sentenced      to      death,  commuted   to  three 
years'    penal    servitude  : — 

John  Downey.  John  Faulkner. 

James  Burke.  Michael   Brady. 

James    Morrissy.  George  Levins 

Maurice    Biennan.  John  F.   Cullen. 

Gerald    Doyle.  J.    Dorrington. 

Charles   Bevan.  W.  O'Dea. 

John    O'Brien.  P.    Kelly. 

Patrick  Fogarty.  James   Dempsey. 

Sentenced    to    ten    years'    penal    servitude, 
seven  years  remitted  : — 
Michael  Scully. 

Sentenced  to  two  years'  imprisonment,  with 
hard   labour,   one  year  remitted: — 

J.   Crenigan.  William   Derrington. 

Acquitted    and    released  : — 

John    R.    Reynolds.       Joseph    Callaghai. 


FOUR    SHOT    ON    MONDAY,    8th    MAY. 

'1  he  follov  ins;  ofTicial  communication  was 
i=  =  ued  on  Monday,  fct h  May,  at  the  Head- 
quarters of  the  lush  Command  : — 

The  followina  are  fir  flier  results  of  trials 
lv    1'ield    Oeneral    (  onrt  maitial  :— 

Sentenced  to  death,  and  sentence  carried  out 
this  morning  : — 

Cornelius  Colbert.         Michael    Mallin. 
Edmund  Kent.  J.   J.   Heuston. 


EXECUTION    FOR    MURDER    CN    9th    CiAY. 

The  following  official  communication  was 
published  on  Tuesday,  9th  May,  at  the  Head- 
quarters.  Queenstown  : — 

The  following  results  of  Field  General  Court- 
martial  are  announced  :  — 

Thomas  Kent,  of  Coole,  near  Fermoy,  was 
sentenced  to  death,  and  the  sentence  duly  con- 
firmed by  the  Genera!  Officer  Commanding;  in- 
Chief  in  Deland.  The  sentence  was  carried 
cut  this  morning. 

William  Kent,  of  Coole,  near  Fermoy,  was 
acquitted. 

TWO    LIFE   SENTENCES    ON    11th    MAY. 

The  following  results  of  trials  by  Field 
General  Couitmartial  were  announced  at  the 
Headquait,eis,  Irish  Command,  Dublin,  en 
Thursday,  11th  May  :— 

Sentenced  to  death,  and  sentence  commuted 
to  penal  servitude  by  the  General  Officer 
Commanding-in-Chief : — 

Edward.de  Vaiera,  penal  servitude  for  life. 

John   McArdle,  three  yeais. 

C.  O' Donovan,  five  \ears. 

John  Shouldice,  live  >eat?. 

'1  nomas    Ashe,    penal    s.vvitude    for    life. 

l'rank  Lawless,  ten  years. 

James  Lawless,  ten  years. 

Sentenced  to  penal  servitude  and  confirmed 


Ph°l°  M  ^Keogh  Bros. 

CORNELIUS    COLBERT,    executed    on    8th    May. 


Photo  by]  [Keogh  Bros. 

J.  J.   HEUSTON,  executed  on  8th  May. 


Fholo   by]  [Lafayette. 

COUNTEC3   MARKIEVICZ.  sentenced  to  penal 

servitude  tor   life. 


Photo  by~\  [Keogh  Lros. 

HENRY    O'HANRAHAN.    brother   of    M.    O'HaO- 

rahan,  sentenced  to  penal  servitude  tor  life. 


£5 


bv  the  General  Officer  Commanding  in- 
Chief  :— 

Richard  Hayes,  twenty  years. 

tinnvy  James  Boland,  ten  ^ears  (five  years 
remitted). 

G«rald  Crofts,  ten  years  (five  years  re- 
mitted). 

Frank  Drennan,  twenty  years  (ten  years  re- 
routed). 

Sentenced      to     imprisonment      with      hard 
labour : — 
Charles  O'Neill,  one  year. 

The  trials  for  the  murder  of  Head  Constable 
Rowe  took  place  at  Cork  on  the  4th  May  with 
the  following  results: — 

Wm.  Kent,  acquitted. 

Thomas  Kent,  found  guilty  and  sentenced 
to    death. 

The  finding  and  sentence  were  confirmed 
by  the  G  O.C  in  Chief,  and  the  execution 
took  place  on  the  9th  inst. 


TWO  SHOT   ON   FRIDAY.  12th  IV.  AY. 

The  following  communique  was  issued  on 
Friday,  12th  May,  from  the  Headquarters, 
Irish  Command,  Parkgate,  Dublin  : 

The  trial   of  two   prominent   leaders   in    the 
rebellion,    whose  names   appeared   in    the  pro- 
clamation   issued    by    the    so-called    "Provi- 
sional  Government  " — namely  : 
James  Connolly  and 
John     McDermott, 
took  place  on  the  9th  May. 

Sentence  of  death  was  awarded  in  each 
case.  These  sentences  were  con  filmed  by  the 
General  Officer  Commanding  -in  Chief  on  the 
9th  May.  and  they  were  carried  out  this 
morning    (May  12th). 


COUNTRYMEN  SENTENCED  ON  MONDAY,  15th. 

The  following  results  of  the  trials 
bv  Held  General  t  ourtsmurtial  were  an- 
nounced on  .Monday,  15th  May: — 

Sentenced  to  death,  and  sentence  commuted 
to    penal    servitude,     by    the    General    Officer 
Comrnandng  in-Chief,    as    shown  : — 
Kryan    Yolloy,   Gal  way — Ten   years. 
Michael  de  Lacy,  Fmiscorthv—  hive  years. 
John  \{    b'tchiniiham,  tenmscortOy — five  years 
Robert  Brennan,   hnnwcoithy — hive  years. 
James    Kilter,    fcnmsr otlhy  —  hivn   years. 
Kicturd   K.    King,  binnisforthy — Five  vears. 
James   Doyle,   fcnniarortby — rive  years. 

Sentenced  to  penal  servitude,  and  sentence 
confirmed,  by  the  General  Officei  Command- 
ing in  Chief  : — 

Jamc'      Joyce,      Purlin  —  Penal    servitude   for 
nle,   commuted  to  five  years  penal  servi- 
tude 
Fergus    O'Connor,    Dublin— '1  en  years    (seven 
jeat*  remitted). 


Philip     Joseph     MacMahon,      Dundalk — Five 
years   (two   yeais   remitted). 

Michael  Reynolds,    Dundalk — Five  years   (two 
years   remitted). 

John    Quinn,    Dundalk — Three   years. 

Sentenced      to      imprisonment      with      hard 

labour,   and  confirmed   by   the'  General  Olrieer 

Commanding-in-Chief : — 

Michael  Grady,   Athenry — One  year. 

tharle«  White,  Athenry — One  year. 

John  Harnfiy,.  Athenry — One  year. 

Martin   Rartsberrv,  Athenry — One  year. 

Michael    Higgins,    Athenry — One  year. 

John   Grady,    Atbenrv—  One  _, eai 

James   Murray,    Athenry — One   year. 

!  nomas    Barrett,    Athenry — One    year. 

Patrick   Kennedy,   Athenry — One  year. 

Thomas  Kennedy,    Athenry — One  year. 

Murtagh    Fahy,    Athenry — One    year. 

Michael    Donnhue.    Athenry— Ur.e  year. 

Patrick  Weafer,   Maynooth — Two  years  (eigh- 
teen  months    remitted). 

John    Greaves,    Maynooth — Two    years    (eigh- 
teen months  remitted). 

Toseph  Leclwich,  Maynooth — Two  years  (eigh- 
teen  months  remitted'). 
\cqmtted  : — 

Joi/n  Kennedy,  Athenry. 


FRIDAY.    MAY   1Sth. 

The  tt^knving  results  of  trials  by  FielA 
General  Co:irtmartial  were  issued  on  Friday, 
13th   May,  at  Richmond   Barracks,   Dublin : — 

Conor  McGinley,  Dublin— Ten  years'  penal 
servitude    (seven  yean   remitted). 

John  Carrick,  Oran.nore — Five  years'  penal 
servitude   (two   years  remitted). 

Michael  Hehir,  Oranmore — rive  years' penal 
servitude  (two  vears  remitted). 

Christopher  Carrick,  Orav  More — Fiveyears' 
penal    servitude   (two  years  t omitted). 

William  Corcoran,  Oranmor*  ^—  Five  years' 
penal   servitude  (two   years   rerouted). 

Patrick  Fury.  Oranmore — Five}  ears'  penal 
servitude   (two  years  remitted). 

Fcldy  Corcoran,  Oranmore — Five  years'  oenal 
servitude   (two   years  remitted). 

Thomas  Fury,  Oranmore — Five  years'  p&JsH 
servitude  (two  years  remitted). 

Michael  Higgins,  Oranmore — Five  yearr 
penal    servitude    (two    years    remitted). 

Patrick  Flanagan,  Oranmore — Five  ye^«# 
penal  servitude  (two  years  remitted). 

James  Loughlin,  Oranmore — Five  years' 
penal   servitude  (two   years'   remitted). 

Michael  Toole,  Oranmore — Five  years'  penal 
servitude  (two  years  remitted). 

Joseph  Burke,  Oranmore — Five  years' penal 
servitude   (two  years   remitted). 

Joseph  Howley, Oranmore — Fiveyears'  penal 
servitude   (two  years    remitted). 

Another  Thomas  Fury,  known  as  Fred, 
Oranmore — Five  years'  penal  servitude  (two 
years   remitted). 

Timothy  Brosnan,  Kerry — Twenty  year*' 
penal  servitude  (fifteen  years  remitted). 

James    Kennedy,    Kerry — Acquitted. 

Michael  Duhig,   Kerry — Asquitted. 

John    Brosnan,    Kerry— Acquitted. 


67 


Photo  &y]  LKeoah  Bros. 

THOMAS   ASHE,   sentenced  to  penal  se^vitude^cr        "WARD    ™    *"?*?*•  JS'lS™''   *°  Pe"a'  "^ 

I  if  o  VITUQ8     I  Or      IITCb 


"9*"^                                '&%'' 

:'        : 

*vSSfI 

4,                                               ^y%&:       \ 
Wit,                                  f4&»~ 

^^^p 

plf 

111 

*  «l*    ^" 

* 

%,  ;'v;3Mc  ii\i>.. 

m$k&$,  - 

/>.W..     fc«  I  [lMh,,jnlle. 

TH€    O'R*  WiU'- V      shot    risac!    vnh'ti     t-siHing       JOHN     MatNESLL.     sentenced     to    penal     servtuds 
in      Hurry      plait;.      o^iiOb ■  i«-       G.P.O.  tor    Ilia. 


Abel   Mahony,    Kerry — Acquitted. 

Michael   McKenna,   Kerry— Acquitt-ec1 

Daniel   O'Shea,    Kerry — Acquitted. 

Colan  0"Geary,  Mayo — Fifteen  years'  peilal 
servitude  (five  years  remitted). 

John  Tomkins,  Wexford— Twenty  years' 
penal  servitude  (ten  years  remitted). 

MONDAY.  22nd   MAY. 

The  following  further  results  of  trials  by 
Field  General  Court  martial  were  announced 
on    Monday    22nd   May  : — 

benteneed  to  death,  sentence  confirmed  by 
the  General  Officer  CommanJing-in-Lhief,  but 
commuted   to  penal   servitude  as  stated  : — 

Jeremiah  C.  Lynch  (Dublin),  10  years'  penal 
servitude 

Peter  Gallighan  (Wexford),  5  years'  penal 
eervitu.de. 

Sentenced  to  penal  servitude  and  con'Vmed 
by  the  General  Officer  Commanding-in- 
Lnief  :— 

Patrick  Fahy  (Galway),  penal  servitude  for 
life.     Commuted  to  10  years'  penal  servitude. 

Thomas  Desmond  Fitzgerald  (Dullin),  20 
years'    penal   servitude  (10   years    remitted). 

William  Partridge  (Dublin),  15  years'  penal 
servitude    (5    years    remitted). 

Michael  Fleming,  senior  (Galway),  5  years' 
peial  servitude  (2  years  remitted). 

John  Corcoran  (Galway),  5  years'  penal  ser- 
vitude   (2   years    remitted). 

William  Hussey  (Galway),  5  years'  penal 
servitude  (2  years  remitted). 

Sentenced  '  to  imprisonment  with  hard 
labour  and  sentence  confirmed  by  the  General 
Officer  Commanding-in-Chief : — 

Michael  Fleming,  junior  (Galway),  one  year. 

JOHN     MacNEILL    GETS    LIFE    SENTENCE. 

The  trial  of  Mr.  John  MacNeill,  the  former 
President  of  the  Irish  Volunteers,  by  court- 
martial  commenced  on  Monday,  22nd  May,  1916, 
at  Richmond  Barracks,  Dublin.  The  Court  con- 
sisted of  thirteen  officers,  of  whom  the  presi- 
dent was  Colonel  (temporary  Brigadier- 
General)  C.  G.  Blackader,  D.S.O.,  A.D.C., 
Commanding  the  177th  Brigade.  The  case 
for  the  prosecution  was  presented  by  Lieu- 
tenant W.  C.  Wylie,  K.C.,  of  the  Officers' 
Training  Corps,  Territorial  Force.  Mr. 
James  Chambers,  K_x\  and  Mr.  Arthur  Clery 
(instructed  by  Messrs,.  Gerald  Byrne  and 
Co.)  appeared  for  the  defence  of  Mr.  Mac- 
Neill. No  newspaper  reporters  were  admitted 
to  the  Couit;  but  a  full  note  of  the  evidence 
was  taken  by  a  staff  of  police  shorthand 
writers.    The  proceedings  occupied  three  days. 

The  official  report  supplied  from  the  Mili- 
tary Headquarters  in  Dublin  on  Tuesday,  3'Jth 
May,  w;is  as  follows — 

The  following  result  of  the  trial  by  General 
Courtmartial    is   announced  : — 
"John    MacNeill    convicted  and    sentenced   to 
penal    servitude    for    life.     Sentence    con- 
firmed   by   the  General  Officer  Command- 
ing-in-Chief. 

Subsequently  MacNeill  was  removed  with 
Other  jtfiatmtrs  to  Dartmoor  Convict  Prison. 


'•"  •,»,»  /"!tp:iui,  Yr  T^j  TrierS""  of  Commons 
'*«•  a  later  date,  informed  Mr.  Ginnell  hat 
twelve  charges  were  made  against  Professor 
MacNeill,  and  he  was  found  guilty  of  ail  of 
them.  Eight  were  charges  of  attempting  to 
cause  disaffection  among  the  civil  population 
in  Ireland,  and  four  were  of  acting  in  a  way 
likely   to   prejudice  recruiting. 


CONDEMNED   REBEL'S  MARRIAGE   IN   PRISON. 

Among  the  men  who  signeu  the  proclama- 
tion of  an  Irish  Republic  was  Joseph 
Plunkett.  He  was  tried  by  courtmartial, 
sentenced  to  death,  and  snot  on  Thursday,  4th 
May.  The  pevious  evening  about  five 
o'clock  a  young  lady  drove  up  to  a 
jeweller's  shop  in  Grafton  street.  The! 
jeweller  had  put  his  stock  away  tor 
the  night,  and  was  about  to  shut  the 
shop.  I  he  lady  asked  for  a  wedding  rin^  of 
any  kind.  She  was  to  be  married  to  Joseph 
Plunkett,  who  was  to  be  shot  next  morning. 
Permission  had  been  granted  for  tiie 
marriage.  The  jewe'ler  went  over  his  stock, 
and  gave  the  lady  a  ring,  and  she  went 
away.  In  the  Irish  Tunes  of  Friday,  5th 
May.  there  appeared  the  following  marriage 
notice  :— 

TLUNKETT    and     (TTFFOT?T)-l\rny     3.     1916.     at 
Dublin,  Joseph  Plunkett  to  Grare  G.;riord. 

It    is    understood    that    the    marriage    °-ere-: 
mony    took    place    a    short    time    before    thS 
execution.     A    sister    of    i.ie    lady    who    was 
married  und^r  qnch  tragic  circumstances,  wasj 
the  wife  of  Thomas  Macdonagh,  who  was  also 
executed. 


THE    TELEPHONE    EXCHANGE. 

One  of  the  most  remarkable  and  provi- 
dential facts  in  the  rebellion  was  the  way  in 
which  the  Dublin  Telephone  Exchange  kept  at 
work  meeting  military  needs.  The  story  is  con- 
icerned  largely  with  the  devotion  of  women  to 
their  duty,  continued  in  spite  of  nerve-wracking 
conditions,  which  reduced  them  at  times  to 
tears.  Only  just  before  the  rebels  entered 
the  General  Post  Office  the  military  in  Dub- 
lin got  a  telephone  call  through  to  the 
Curragh,  and  the  girl  operator  at  the  Post' 
Office  left  the  connection  intact  when  she 
wa3  ordered  out  of  the  building,  realising 
fully  the  gravity  of  the  occasion.  Later ) 
on  communication  was  established  with* 
the  Curragh,  Maryborough,  and  Bel-j 
fast  by  linesmen,  who  connected  the  trunk 
wires,  at  points  such  as  Lucan,  with  the  Ex- 
change  by  minor  circuits,  the  regular  trunk  • 
lines  to  the  General  Post  Office  having  been 
cut.  For  the  first  two  days  groups  of 
girl  operators  relieved  each  other,  returning 
to  their  work  in  trepidation,  but  impelled  to 
make  their  perilous  journeys  by  a  sense  of 
the  duties  devolving  upon  them.  By  vVed- 
nesday  morning  conditions  had  become  too 
bad  for  them  to  return  home,  and  they  had 
to  settle  down  in  their  fortress  for  the  rest 
of  the  week,  their  only  communication  with 
the   outside    world    being    the   slender    wires. 


59 


PRISONERS    DEPORTED    AND 
RELEASED. 


OFFICIAL  LISTS. 

Over  three  thousand'  persons  were 
arrested  in  connection  with  the  outbreak 
and  detained  for  various  periods  at  various 
places.  The  majority  were  transported  to 
prisons  across  the  Channel,  and  considerable 
numbers  were  released  and  allowed  to  return 
to  Ireland  after  a  short  period  of  detention. 
An  Advisory  Committee  was  appointed  by 
the  Government,  and  began  its  sittings  late 
in  June.  The  Committee,  which  consisted  of 
Mr  Justice  Sankey,  Mr.  Justice  Pim,  Mr. 
Justice  Younser,  Colonel  Lockwood,  JV1  P.  ; 
Mr.  J.  Mooney,  M.P.  ;  Mr.  McLean,  MP., 
and  Mr.  Baldwin,  held  numerous  sittings,  at 
which  prisoners  were  allowed  to  state  their 
ci»e,  and  on  Wednesday,  12th  July,  Mr. 
Herbert  Samuel  (Home  Secretary)  announced' 
in  the  House  of  Commons  that  the  Committee 
had  arrived  at  the  opinion  that  a  large  number 
of  men  who  took  part  in  the  rebellion  were 
successfully  kept  in  ignorance  by  their  leaders, 
and  thought  they  were  being  called  up  for  a 
route  march  on  Easter  Monday.  On  lhursday, 
i..v.li  July,  Mr.  Samuel  intonated  that  the 
oases  of  1,200  or  1,300  prisoners  had  been  con- 
suie. >.d,  and  860  men  and  two  women  recom- 
mended for  release. 

RELEASE    OF    INTERNED    MEN. 

From  then  onwards  a  constant  agitation  wis 
maintained  by  the  leaders  of  the  Irish  Na- 
tionalist Party  in  Parliament  and  elsewhere 
for  the  release  of  the  interned  men.  When 
Mr.  Lloyd  George  made  his  first  appearance 
as  Prime  Minister  in  the  House  of  Commons 
on  Tuesday,  19th  December,  Mr.  John  Red- 
mond appealed  to  him  "  as  a  Christmas  gift 
to  the  Irish  people  "  to  release  the  500  or  600 
prisoners  then  in  confinement.  On  Thursday, 
21st,  Mr.  Duke,  the  Chief  Secretary,  inti- 
mated that  the  Government  had  agreed  to  the 
release  of  the  men. 

The  prisoners  at  Fron^och  Camp  were,  re- 
leased at  6  p.m.  on  Friday,  22nd  Dejfciber. 
One  hundred  and  thirty  of  them  landed  at 
Kinusto.vn  by  the  mail  packet  from  Holyhead 
on  Saturday  morning.  Sixty-three  of  these 
travelled  by  the  mail  train  which  enabled 
them  to  proceed  by  the  Great  .^uthern  and 
Western  Railway  to  the  South,  and  ly  the 
Midland  Great  Western  to  the  West,  nf  Ire- 
land. A  train  arriving  in  Westland  Row  at 
7.40  landed  sixtv-seven  of  the  liberated  men 
in  the  city.  They  carried  their  personal 
belongings  in  small  bags  oji  their  shoulders. 
'J  be  men  formpd  into  line  and  marched  along 
,}»«~at  Rrnnewirk  street  into  Sackville  street. 
Many  of  them  proceeded  to  the  Broadstone 
station,  and  took  train  for  the  West.  There 
was  nothing  in  the  shape  of  a  demonstration 
of  welcome,  and  everything  passed  off  quietly. 


Forty  of  the  released  prisoners  arrived  at 
the  North  Wall  on  Saturday  morning  at  6.30 
by  one  of  the  London  and  North  Western  Go's 
cargo  boats.  There  were  also  aboard  a  large 
number  of  soldier?  and  munition  workers  com- 
ing home  for  the  holidays.  As  they  were 
recognised  by  their  friends  they  were  cordially 
greeted,  but  nothing  in  the  nature  of  a  de- 
monstration occurred,  and  there  was  a  small 
force  of  police  present.  The  prisoners,  most 
of  them  wearing  "Sinn  Fein"  badges,  marched 
along  the  quays  in  military  formation,  ac- 
companied by  their  friends.  Their  progress 
went  almost  unnoticed  as  onlv  a  few  persons 
were  about  in  the  vicinity  o*  O'Connell  Bridge. 
They  quietly  dispensed  into  groups,  and  made 
their  way  homewards.  When  questioned  as 
to  their  treatment  at  Frotigoch  thev  stated 
that  they  had  ho  complaints  to  make,  and 
were  thoroughly  satisfied  in  that  regard. 

On  Sunday  (Christ mp.?  Eve)  some  130  re- 
leased prisoners  arrived  at  Westland  Row 
by  the  7.40  a.m.  train  from  Kingstown,  having 
come  across  by  the  mail  steamer  from  Holy- 
head. Upwards  of  300  men  from  Frongoch 
Camp  came  by  steamer  to  the  North  Wall  On 
Christmas  mornine  twentv-eight  of  the  re- 
leased men  arrived  at  Carlisle  Pier  from  Holy- 
head, of  whom  eight  proceeded  to  their 
destinations  in  Belfast  and  the  North  by 
through  trains,  and  twenty  travelled  to  West- 
land  Row. 

The  latest  official  figures  regarding  the  num- 
ber of  men  arrested  were  those  issued  from  the 
Military  Headquarters,  Dublin,  on  11th  July, 
1916,  as  follows  : — 

Total  number  of  prisoners  who  passed 
through  Richmond  Barracks  : — 

Men    3,149     Women    77       3,226 

Men    released        1,104 

Convicted   by   Courtmartial      160 

Acquitted   by   Courtmartial      k3 

Men    interned       1,852 

Women  released  72,  interned  5     ...        77 

3,226 
NAMES  OP   DEPORTED    PRISONERS. 

The  following  are  the  names  of  the  per- 
sons who  were  deported,  so  far  as  they  iia.e 
been  published  by  the  military.  These  lists 
we.e  all  officially  issued  to  the  I'ress  io.* 
publication  by  the  military  authorities  ^n 
the   dates   mentioned  : — 

200  TO    KNUTSFORD   CM  1st  MAY. 

The  following  ii=t  of  two  hundred  prisoners 
who  were  removed  from  Richmond  Barracks, 
Dublin,  on  April  30th,  and  lodged  in  Kmits- 
ford  Detention  Barracks,  England,  on  May 
1st,  was  issued  on  Wednesday,  13th  May  :— 

Alexander.  N.,  34  Newbridge  sf.— Weaver. 
ilcffley    T).,   16   Whit  worth    road — Carman. 
Besley,   -T.,   3d7   N.C.R.— Shorthand-typist. 
Pormimrb^m.  J.,  St.    Ignatius  rona— Body  maker. 
Berry,  W.,  51  Sheriff  st.— Shop  asst. 


73 


Billings,    J.,    Baymount    avenue — Upholsterer. 

Blanc  hficld,    M.,    Carnew    t?t. —  Boot    cutter. 

Bradley,  P.,  15  St.  Mary's  terrace.  Kells—  Labourer. 

Brophy,    D.,    Lusk,  Co.    JMiblin— Labourer. 

Buckingham,  J.,   24  St.    Ignatius   road— Tailor. 

Burke,    B.,    New    Brook.    Rathi'arnham—  Lnlxiuiar. 

Burns,   J.,   47    St.    Paul's  fit.— Goods   checker. 

Byrne,  C,  24  Manor  place— Chauffeur. 

Byrne,  J.,  44  Lr.   Mayor  fit..   N.   Wall— Library  Asst. 

B.yrne,  J.,   190   Nth     Portland   road— Flecttician. 

Byrne,    P.,   St     Mary's   Abbey— Shop  Asst. 

Byrne,    T.,    94    Cape]    st — Baker.  - 

Byrne,    T.,    &0    Summcrhill -Porter. 

Caffrey,    M.,    Lr.    Ralbl'amhani,    Co.    Dublin— Van 

driver. 
Callan,   J.,    15  Clonliffe   avenue — Motor  driver. 
Campbell     G..    18    Hardwicke    fit —Law    clerk. 
Canny,    70    North    Strand    road— Grocer. 
Carmichael,    B-.    Farkrield,    Kimmage — Carpenter. 
Carpenter,    P.,    110    Foley    street— Labourer 
Carraty.   T.,    2  Group's   Hill — Carpenter. 
Carroll,    P.,    Collinstown,    Lu^k— Farmer. 
Cassells,   .1  ,   Lr.    Mayor   st..    N.    Wail— Clerk. 
Cathan,    J.,    39    Nth.    Cumberland    St.— Labourer. 
Charlton.    M..   27    Portland   place — Compositor. 
Clarke.   J..    31    Bachelor's    Walk— Shop    Asst. 
Coleman,     P.,    Larigan,    Cariskaboy,     Co.     Cavan— 

Labourer. 
Condron,    L..    4    Rlackhall    Parade—  Farrier 
Conroy,   II.,  4   Marino   avenue,  Clonlarf— Vanman. 
Conway,   J.,    8    Moore   Cottages,    Rut, and   St.— Oriice 

boy. 
Courtney,      D.,     43      Bessborough     avenue,      North 

Si  rand— La  bonier. 
Cox,   R..   22   Wiley   road,   Wallowfield,   Manchester- 
Grocer's   Asst. 
Craven,    T.,  20    N.    Frederick    st.— Wax   bleacher. 
Croke.  T.,  4  College    View.   Dnimcondra — I'orter. 
Daniel,   II..  6   Lower   Daniel  st. — Vice-maker 

Deceeur,    E„    29    Charlotte 

Delaney,  IL,  26  Harold's 
Doherty,  J.,  7  Bailybough 
Donnelly,   C,   10    Will  brook 

Grocer's    Asst. 
Donnelly,    M.,   113   Stephen's   Green 
Donohne,    W.,    Kiilalong,   Clonmore, 
Grocer. 

Doyle,   E.,   13  BiondMono  avenue. 

Doyle,   .).,   13  Granville   st. — Actor 

Doyle.    T.,    Asbleaf    House,    Crumlin 
Farmer. 

Dreeland,    W..    53    Bridgefoot    st  —Boilermaker 
Duffy;   P.,  34  Commons  st..  N.   Wall— Bookbinder. 

Dunn,    A.,    179    Gt.    Brunswick    St.— Labourer 

Kllis.    •!.,    19    Blessington    st. -Cabinet    ma"ker. 

Hliis,    S.     19    Blessingtun    st.— Wood    worker. 

F.irren.  S.,  2  Close   Hank,    Henry  si.  —  Paper  rnler 

Flanagan    J  .  40   Relverler"  road— Ihsura-ncp  airent, 

Fogarty,  T.,  79  Fit/.roy  avenue,  Hrumcondra— Taiior 

Folcv,   N..  26  TallMit  tt..    Dublin— Grocer's  Ass>t. 

Foran     J..    68    Foley   st.— Carter 

Foy,  M„  21  Little   Den-nark  street— Labourer. 

Frawlev.   [)..  lojj  f-owpr  King  st  — Plumber. 

Friel.    I?.    l.arkfipld,    Kimma<rp—  Pljimber 
Gannon,   H.,    Main   st.,   Rathfarnham— Painter, 

Gaynor,    A  ,   9    Aughrim    Villas— Student.. 

Gleeson,    W  ,    50    l.r     Hominick    st. -Labourer. 

Good.   J.,    44    Fccles   streel- Electrician. 

Jlalpin,   P.,   24    Lower  Siimmerh.il!— Attendant. 

Harnett.   -L,    37    Mulrow    Cot  I  litres—  Fireman. 

Healv     R-.    93    Parnell    st.— Grocpr's    Asst. 

Ilegarty.   J.,   31   St.    Peter's   road-Clerk. 

Hick   v.    R  .    Han, Id's   Cross— Cabinet    maker. 

Ilolohan.     IL,    77    Amiens    street— Clerk. 

Ilouehton.    G..    33    Sjtric    road— Plumber. 

liowictt.   *I.,  8  Granville  pL—  Labourer. 

Ilnghes,   P..   30   Little    Denmark   St.— Caretaker. 

Hunter    .).,   ?2  STkvilk'   a venue—  Joiner. 

Humphreys,    R.,    108   .Seville   place,    North   Strand- 
Clerk. 

II viand,   T.,    U    Lr.    Bridge   st.— Range   fitter. 

Hynes,    J.,     4    Queen     st  reef—  Bru-hniaker 

Ja'ckman,    N-.    Kinmorgam,   Co.    Wexford  -Gardener. 

Felly,    i-,    (  ommuns    VV est —  Labourer. 

Kenny,  J.,   Mountain   View,  Terenure    Grocer's  Asst. 

Kavanagh,    J.,    Lower   Gardiner   st.— Cabinet-maker. 

Kavanncrh,   P.,   28   Upper  Gloucester  gt.— Painter. 

Kelly,   i;.,  152  Parnell  streel    Chemist's  assistant. 

Kelly,   .v.,  3   Back   lane    Labourer. 

Kelly,    \V.,   8    Bishop  street— Labourer. 


VV: —  Labourer. 
Cross — Labourer, 
road — Labourer, 
terrace,    Ratlifarnham— 


W  —Labourer, 
llackeiustown— 


Co.    Dublin — 


Kenncaly,    J.,    7    lr.    Jervis    street — Locksmith. 
Kennedy.  J.,  118   Upper  t  liurcli  street—  FiJ;  r. 
Kenny,    A.,    85    Blessington    st.— Grocer's    Asst. 

Kenny,    IL,    1^0    Mailbordujrh    St.— I'aimei . 

Keogh,  C,   25  Elmgrove,    Ranelasrh —  leinr 

Keogh     E.,   2    RHimond    Parodo— Ho'e    bo  er 

Keogh,   J.,    24    Park   street.    Inehieore—  Labourer. 

Lafferty,  J.,   Burghs,  Magitlignn.  Derr.v  —  Labourer. 

Lawler,    L..    Ardrigh    road — Carpenter. 

Lawless,    15.,   Swo-dfi—  Farmer 

Lee,   J.,    Rathfarnhnm—  Labourer. 

Lee,    T.,    14    Lr,     Ruckipgh'm    st.— Riveter. 

MacGuire,    T.,    3    Nugent's  lane,    Broadslune—  Loco 
fireman. 

M'Aulliff?,  G.,  77  Parnell  st.    (Co    Limerick)- Clerk 

M'Cormack,    B.,  1    Elm  Grove — Prov.   am 

M'Cormack,   R  ,   62    North    King   St.-  Labourer-* 

M'Dermott,    It.,    28    iiareou:t    st. — Canvasser. 

M' Donald.    W..    13    Up.    Oriel    s1  _(',,.trh-bm\Cr 

M'Giil.   J.,   34   Killeen   road:   Rathmines— Draper. 

M'GinW,   W.,    2    Filzgibbon    st.— I  a'oonrer. 

M'Grath;    P    B.,  55   Rcltrave  snuare— Shop   Asst. 

M'Orath.  T.,   13   Granville  st..  Mo'int  ioy—  V-mman 

M'Laughliri     .]..    4    North    st— Mattress    maker. 

M'Manus,    P..   23    No-t'n    Frederick    St.—  Farmer. 

McNallv.    F.,    10    Sullivan    avc.,    Ball.vbough    road- 
Labourer. 

M'Nnllv,   J.,    Lusk.    Co.    Dublin-Labourer. 

M'Nam'ara,  J.,    74    Parnell    st  —  Grocer 

M'Namara.   P.,   12  Smith    Richmond   st.— Shop   Asst. 

M'Neiv<\    W.,    58    Parnell    st.— Shop    Asst. 

M'Ouade,   T..    Mount   Temple   road — Plumber 

Mnhon.  P..  23  Gt.   Nicholas  st  .  Wexford—  Lalwurcr. 

Maloney,    J.,    Norseman    place — Fireman. 

Monahan    J.,    %    Henrietta    street— Fireman. 

Moonev     J.,    130    Cloth    strert- Draper. 

Mnoiiey,    P..    15    Fleet    st.— Shunter. 

M-or  n     P  .   5    WcpTwo'lh    piece— Slater. 

Morkan,  M.,    t    Fills   inay-Clerk. 

Mnlkearns,  J.,  21  Royal  Canal    Bank — Torn  lirermn 

Mulligan     A..    7    Wilfred    place,    off    Summer    Hill- 
La  bcrnrer. 

Mulvev,    D.,    Fountain    ave.,    Rafhrarnhnm— Sinner's 
Agt. 

Mulvev,     W.,     Fountain     ave.,     Rathfarnham— Cach 
Desk 

Murphy     F,.,   33  Sullivan   st..   Wexford— Porter. 

Murphy.     F.,    Brimbane,    Curry,    Co.    Sligo— School 
teacher. 

THnrnhv     M  .    46    M°nor   st  —Sinn    A?.-f 

Murphy,    Win.,    18    Botanic    avenue— Groom. 

Nptv-    D      "0    T/'ilo    Mary    st-eet — Clerk. 

Neilan,  A.,  4  Mt.  Herald  tor.,  Harold's  Cross— Clerk. 

Nelson',    P..  40  Gardiner's  lane.    Mountjoy  square- 
Labourer. 

Neville.    P..    15    Lower    Marlhorooch    st.  — Printer. 

Nicholls.   II..  1   Church   ave.,   Rathmines— Engineer. 

Nolan     P..   8    Rutland   Cottages— Carnenier 

Nolan,   8   Rutland  Cottages — Fbrl  rical -filter. 

Norton.  .1      41    Parnell  «inare— Shon   Asst. 

Nugent,  P..  8  Charleviilc  ave.,   N.  Strand— Lnlniurcr 

O'Brien     -I-.    487    NCR.,    Dublin— Appientice. 

O'Rrjon,   Ml.,  .29  Cuild   st..    North   Wall— Artist. 

O'Brien,   W..    1    Beebim    terrace— Compositor. 

O'Brien!   — .    385    North    Circular  road— Clerk. 

O'Brien,   2  Ti\"'i   ave.— Checker. 

O'Cnhill.    J.,    22    Merchant's    quay — Coopt. 

O'Colbi'jhan,   P..   3    I'n     Fnwnes  St.— Apprentice. 

O'Cnrroll,    J..    24    Mount    Temple    road-Clerk. 

O'Carroll,    P.,    92    Manor    streel  — Poulterer. 

O'Carroll,    W..    92    Manor    street— Clerk. 

O'Connor.     P.,    3    Tivoli    terrace,    Harold's    Cross- 
Librarian. 

O'Donohue,  T..  4  Middle  Mount.iov  st.— Electrician. 

O'Neill    .1..   102    Lindsay   road— Upholsterer. 

O'Neill'   P..    183   Tovvnsend   street— Compositor. 

O'Neill",    W.,    12    Upper    Mayor  street— Carter. 

O'Reilly,    L.,    1    Ausrhrim    St.— Grocer. 

O'Reilly,    H.,   3    O'Connell    Villa,    Foster    terrace— 
In'suranco    inspector. 

O'Reilly.   S.    P.,   181    Nth.   Circular  road— Engineer. 

o'Kvan,  O.,    Maynooth   College— Waiter. 

o'Sbea,   J.,   28   Coomlie— Labourer. 

O'Shea.    M..    Kinmay    road — Labourer. 

G'Shea,  R-,  37   Up.  Gardiner  st.— School   Attendant. 

Power     VV..  28   North    Frederick   st. —  Plumber. 

Prcndergast,  J.,  11  Stafford  street— Packer. 

Pureed,    C.,    35   St.    James'    avenue,    off    Clonliffe 
road— Baker. 

Itcdmoiid,  J.,  16  Lower  Oriel  6t.— Clerk. 


71 


JtPKin,    M.,    Ring,    Dtmsrarvan— Grocer's    Asst. 
Ut'iti.  J.,  41  St.  Mary's  Tec.,  liailybough  rd. -Porter. 
Keiliv.   :\;.,  22   Ailesbiir.v  road — Chauffeur 
Kpdiv.    I'..  5  Charlcviilo  road,   N    Strand— Porter. 
Ridgway.   A.,    163   Painell   st.—  Hairdresser. 
Nubbins.    F...    ?9    Nortl)    William    st  -Driller. 
Uoearter,  ().,  2  Sall,v|iark  Collage,  Fairview—  Painter 
Roche,    M..  31    B'irhe'ior's    Waiis — Snoti  assistant 
llooney,    J.,    36    Fairview    Strand,    Clontarf— ^Coaab.- 

l.nilder. 

Pussell,   J.,   68   North   Strand   road — Carpenter. 

Ryan,   W,,  70    Noilli  Strand    road— Groeer. 

Saurir.  C,  The  Ciittasre.  Vernon  avenue,  Clontarf — 
Ciprk. 

Savage  M.,  21  Bachelor's  Walk  and  Streamstown, 
Ballysodare,   Sl/go—  Barman. 

Fexton     J..    11    Upoer  Gloucester   olacc — Labourer. 

Shannon,    M.,    12    Coornbe—  Labourer. 

StipiUls,   A.,   3   Seafipld    road— Actor. 

Sh<<ninrd,  VI.,  19  St    Mil  tinel's  rd..  C/asnevin — Clerk. 

Sheridan,  J.,  16  Mountain  View  avenue,  Harold's 
Cnws    road — PaintT 

Simpson.  T..  Upton  Cottage,  Goose  Green.  Drum- 
condra— Painter. 

Stenliehson.    P.,    Lower    Gtoncester    st..— Labourer. 

Styncs,   J.,    25   Mary's   avenue— Grocer's   Asst. 

Sweeney,  J.    3  2   Lr    Dominiek  st.  ^-Cabinet   maker. 

Tallon,"  C,  2  Granville,  North  Richmond  street- 
Night  watchman. 

Toonacy,    J.,    10    Clou  more    terrace — Flectrician. 

Toomey    T..   30  Clonliffe   avenue — Fitter. 

Traynor,  C,  55  Jones'  road— Printer. 

Treil    P.,   178   Nth.    King  st.— Draper's  assistant. 

Take,    E..   83   Queen   st.— Labourer. 

Tally.  2  Nugent  Cottages,  Monck  place — Cabinet 
maker. 

Ward.   G.,   44    TTome    Farm    road— Pelt-maker. 

Warham.    T.,    154    Thomas    st. — Shirt    cutter. 

Whelan,    M.,    31    Bnllybough    road— Carpenter. 

Whitley,  T.,  251  Richmond  road,  Drumcondra— 
I, aw  clerk. 

Vdliams,  P.,  6  Coombe—  Labourer. 


239  TO  STAFFORD  ON   1st  MAY. 

The  following  list  of  289  prisoners  who 
were  removed  from  Richmond  Barracks, 
Dublin,  on  the  30th  April,  and  lodged  in 
Stafford  Detention  Barracks  on  the  1st  Miy, 
was  issued  on  Thursday,   11th  May : — 

Agnew,   A.,   11   Emerald   st.,   Dublin;   home  address, 

53  Clare  st.,   Liverpool. 
Pauley,    T.,   16    Whit  worth   row,    Seville   plare. 
Lird.   J.,    4    RuDand   Cottages.    Dublin. 
Poland.   P.,  8   Viking   road.   Arbour    Hill,   Dublin. 
Polger,  J.,   Black  water,  Co    Wexford. 
Rrennan,   E.,   19  Ardrigh  rd.,   Arbour  Hill,   Dublin. 
Preslin,  J.,  50   New  street,   Dublin. 
Preslin,   T,   49    New   street,    Dublin. 
Breslin,   P.,   50   New  street.   Dublin. 
Bridgrman,     E.,    19     Richmond     Hill,     Rathminea. 

Dublin. 
Brougham,  J.  (?),  10  St.  Lawrpnce  street,  Dublin. 
Bryan.  T,  31  Guild  street,  Dublin. 
Byrne.   A.,   42    Arran    quay,    Dublin. 
Byrne,   C,   3  Camden   place,   Dublin. 
Byrne,   C,  45  St.   Mary's  rd..   Church  rd.,  Dublin. 
Burke,   E..   63   Meath  street,   Dublin. 
Barke,    F.,    Hermitage,    Rathfarnham,    Dublin. 
Byrne,  J.,  28  Malachi  road,  NCR.,  Dublin. 
Byrne,  J.,  6  Whitworth  place,  Dublin. 
Byrne,  J.,  3  Erin  place,  Lower,  Dublin. 
Byrne,  J.,  45  St.  Mary's  road,  Dublin  (Chnrch  rdj. 
Byrne,   L.,  42  Arran  quay,  Dublin. 
Cassidy,  T.,  22   Bolton  street.   Dublin. 
.ChaDey,  W.,  5  Northcourt  av.,  Church  rd.,  Dublin. 
Coates,  P.,  12  Upper  Oriel  street,  Dublin. 
Cody,  J.,  12  Bessboro'  av.  North  Strand,  Dublin. 
Cole,  P.,  1  Anghrim  street,  Dublin. 
Coughlin,  J.,  Larkh'eld,   Kimmage,   Dublin. 
Connaughton,   P.,   23  Nicholas  street,   Dublin  '(borne 

address);  Market  square,  Longford. 
Cowling,  J.,  6  Sussex  terrace,  Mespil  road.   Dublin. 
Craven.  B.,  21   Poole  street,  Dublin. 
Croke,   M.,  4   Milbourne  av.,   Drumcondra,   Dublin. 
Cullen,  J.,  6  Whitworth  place,  Dublin, 


Callaghan.  J..  18   Moss  street,  Dublin. 

Carroll,  M.,  24  George's  quay,   Dublin.  , 

Carroll,   R..  38  Susanville  rd.,  Drumcondra,  Dublin. 

Carton,  <>.,   21   Temple  street,   Dublin. 

Casey,  II.,  11  St.  George's  av.,  Drumcondra,  Dublin. 

Cassidy,    J.,    508    N.C.R..    Dublin    (home    address: 

Aughanagh,    Letterbreen     Enniskillen).  ; 

Chnney,   P.,  5  North  Court  av.,  Church  rd.,  Dublin. 
Clifford,   D.,  4  Up.  Gardiner  street,  Dublin. 
Clinch,    P.,   28   North    Frederick   street,   Dublin. 
Coffey,   J.,   34   Botanic  rd.,   Glasnevin,   Dublin. 
Collin,   P.,  12    Parnell   street,    Dublin.  \ 

Collins,    M..   16   Rathdown   road,   N.C.R..   Dublin.    \ 
Conroy,  J.,  40  Railway  street,  N.  Strand    Dublin. 
Corbally,   R.,  7   Moor  row,  off  Gardiner  st..   Dublin. 
Corbally,   T.,   38  St.    Patrick's   Cottages,    \Villbrook, 

Rathfarnham.  Co.   Dublin. 
Cosgrove,    M.,    Abl>otstown,    Castleknock;    home   ad- 
dress, Coolridfie.  Kilcock. 
Conghlan.   F.,  33   Dargle   road.  Dublin 
Cowley,   M.,   Orchardstown,   Rathfarnham,  Co. Dublin. 
Coyle,  W.,   21   Temple  street,   Dublin. 
Cremen,   M.     Rockbrook,    Rathfarnham.   Co.  Dublin. 
Dalamere,  E.,  34  Patrick  street,  Dublin. 
Dily,    1).,    Main    st.,    Cahirriveen.   Co.    Kerry. 
Darcv    W,  51   Lower  Camden  street,  Dublin. 
Darritt,    D.,    4    Russell    st.,    N.C.R.,    Dublin. 
Dcnnany,  P.,  9a  Block  Buckingham  Building,  Dublin 
Dervin.    P.,   14   Summer   place,    Dublin. 
Doggett,  C,  8  Charlemont  street,  Dublin. 
Donegan     J.,    17    Grantham    st.    (parents'  address), 

6   Wye  street,   Birkpnhpad. 
Dn'n  nelly.  P.,   Hermit  acre.  Rathfarnham,  Co.  Dublin, 
Donohoe,    R.,    2   Eccles  street.    Dublin. 
Donohoe.   S.,   47   Montpelier   Hill.    Dublin. 
Dorp.    E.,  "Main  street,  Glin.  Co.  Limerick. 
Howling,    A.,    Main   road,   Castleknock,   Co.    Dublin. 
Dowling,  J.,    Main    road,   Castleknock,   Co.   Dublin, 
Doyle,   J.,    8   Church    lane,    I  r.    Kevin   st.,    Dublin, 
Doyle,    J.,    8    Harlionr    rd.,    Bullock.    Dalkey. 
Dovle,    J.,    117    Capcl    street.    Dublin. 
Duffy.    C,    3   River    road  Cottage,    Castleknock,  Co. 

Dublin. 
Duffy,   E.,  Back  road.  Castleknock.  Co.   Dublin. 
Duffy,   J.,   11    Emerald   street.    Dublin. 
Duffy,  J..  7  Reuben  avenn«,  Dublin 
Dunne,    .L,    13    TTnper    I.'ffey    street.    Dublin. 
Dunne,  P.,  23   Nth    Gt.  George's  street.  Dublin. 
Dunne,  T..   14  Upper   Liffey  street,   Dublin. 
Dwver,   J.,   7    Inns  ouay.    Dublin 
Early,   J.,   607    Richmond    place     Dublin. 
Edward«.     SI..     ?5     St.     Michael's    tee.,    Bellerville, 

S.C.R.,    Dublin. 
English      P.,     Dunsink     Cottage,     Castleknock,    Co. 

Dublin. 
Ennis,    T  .    3    Richmond    Crescent.    Dublin. 
Farrell,   M.,    20   Lower   Dorset   street.    Dublin. 
Farrelly,  J.,  5  Temple  Cottages    Broadstone,  Dublin 
Forney,   O.,    9.0    Henry   street,   Dublin. 
Fitsimonds,   M.,   8   Blessingfon  plare.  Dublin. 
Fitzharris,    J.,    2    Oripl    nlace.    Dublin. 
Fitzmanriee.   G..   2   Orchard   terrace.    Dublin. 
Flanagan,  M  ,  40  Moore  street.  Ruh'in 
Flanagan,    F.,   30^    Moore   street.    Dublin. 
Flanagan.    G.,    30|    Moorp   street,    Dublin. 
Flanigan,    M.,    14    St.    Clement's    rd.,    Drumcondra, 

Dublin. 
Flood,   J.,  19  Snmmerhill  parade,   N.C  R.,   Dublin. 
Ford,   J..  30   Upper  George   st.,    Kingstown. 
Fox,  J.,  9  Hawthorne  terrace.  Church  rd.,  Dublin. 
Fox,    M.,     Brasscastie,     Knockmaroon,     Chapelizod, 

Dublin 
Fov,  F.,  Lower  Palmerstown.  Chanelizod,  Co.  Dublin. 
Fullam,    T..    15   Synnott   place,   Dublin. 
Gahan.   M..    19    Nicholas  street,    Dublin. 
Gallagher,   P.,  Edmondstnwn,   Rathfarnham.  Dublin. 
Garland,  P.,  27  Lower  Kevin  street,  Dublin. 
Garvey,   M.,   51    Lower  Camden    street,    Dublin. 
Gavan    J.,  283  Richmond  rd..  Fairview,  Dublin. 
Geoghegan,  J.  J.,  134  North  Strand  road  (Parents. 

Ballingrone  Junction,   Co.   Limerick). 
Geraghty,   C,   3   Fingal    place,   Dublin. 
Gleeson,  T.,  50  Lower  Dominiek   street,  Dnblin. 
Gough,    J,   1    North    Richmond    st. ;    home    address. 

New  road,  Buldoyle,  Co.    Dublin. 
Halpin,    P..    35    Oxmantown    road,    Dublin. 
Hammill,  T.,  17  St.  James"  terrace,  SC  R.Dublin. 
Hands,    N„   12  Great   Longford  street,    Dublin. 
Harper,  .1.,   70   Benburb   street.    Dublin. 
Hayden  J„  126  James's  street,  Dublin. 


72 


Hayes,,    J,    77    IJrjhsbury    sheet.    Dublin 

Haves,  J.,  5   Marino  av.,   Maiahide  WL.   Dubliu 

Healy,  J.,  12  Upper  Gardiner  streev,  Dublin. 

Healv,   1'.,  86   Phibslwrousrh   road,   Dublin. 

Heer'y,  J.  (?46),  40  Fitzroy  av.,  Drumcondra.  ^ublm 

Honderick,    E.,    12    Up.    Dominick    st.,    Dubl.i.     _ 

Henderson,  P.,  5  Windsor  Villas,  Fairview,   DudIia. 

Henderson,  M.,  14  St.  Kearin's  rd.,  AC.R.,  Dublin. 

Henderson.  T.,  14  St.  Kearin's  rd.,  S.O.R  ,   Dublin. 

Henrv     V.,   25   Charlemont   street,    Dublin 

Henry.  F.,  5  Fennell's  Cottages,  Charlemont  street, 
Dublin. 

Koran    J-  4  Francis  street.  Trale*. 

Hughes,  T.,  8  Summer  Hill.  Dublin. 

Jackson    P.,  40  St.   Augustine  street,  Dublin. 

Jovcc    B.,   Hermitage,  Rathfarnham.   Dublin. 

Joyce,'   R.,   29   Charles  street,    Dublin. 

Karns    P  ,  10  Daniel  street  South.   Dublin. 

KavanVh    J.,  45  Sth.   Gt.   George's  ft.,   Dublin 

Kavanagh.  P.,  24  St.  Mary's  rd..  N.  Strand.  Dublin 

Kearney    T.,  Ballvboden.  Rathfarnham,  Co.  Dublin. 

Keating'  C.,  14  Portland  dace.  Dublin. 

Kel'y.    £•■    Coolgariff.    Stillorgan.    Co.    Dublin. 

Kei'v*  J     93   1-oner   Dorset  strpet,   Dublin. 

Keo»n    .T     11  Brabazon  st.,  off  Coombe.  Dublin. 

Kelly    F    IS»  53  Gordon  st.,  Kingsend,  Dublin. 

KertJ  ■  31    Upper  Sackvil'e  st..   Dublin. 

Kelty    P     l*  Watkin's  Cottages,  off  Ardee  St.,  Dub- 
lin. "" 

E-*nnv    J     25  North  Brunsw.rk  st.,  Dublin. 

Kerw'iri,  P.,  Maynooth,  Co.   Kiidare. 

KilgaHon.    J.,    The    Hermit*?*.    Rathfarnham,    Co. 
•   Dublin. 

inner    G     25   St.    Ignahaa   w>B*l,    Dublin. 

Kin*   G'.'  Larkfield,  Kimraas-a,  Dublin. 

Kin*?'  M  ,  25  St.  Isrnatius  road.  Dublin. 

Kin"-'  P  .   Larkfield.   Kimmage,   Dublin. 

Iawlor    L..  29  Ardrigh  road,  Dublin. 

Tedwith    P..  65   Blessington  street,   Dublin. 

Tittlp   J     31  rear  Ur>-  Clanbrassil  st.,  Dublin. 

Lowe    'A'.',  3  Deane  street,  Dublin. 

Tandv     .T.,    Larkfield,    Kimmage,    Dublin. 

T  vnrh    M     7  St.  Bridget's  av..  N.  Strand,  Dublin. 

Tvnrh'   V  '    14~   Nelson    st.,    Dublin:    home    address, 
John's   Brook,    Kells.    Co.    Meath. 

rTOr,    t      39  Finsrlas  rd.,   Glasnevin,    Dublin. 

M'Ardle    J  ,  10  North  Portland  row,  Dubli». 

xiArdlp'   P     4  North   Portland  row,  Dublin. 

Mrormack.'  J.,  220  Parnell  st..  Dublin. 

xrVrvonoiM-'h    J.,  18  Cottasres.  Station  road,  Baldnyle. 

\rPiiiffott    M      11   Lr.  St.  Columba's  rd..  Dublin. 
T     F      42    Mill    street.    Belfast. 
Dublin. 


M'En 


M'Frntt     L      31    Ushers   nnay.    Dublin. 
M'Cn'th'M      Kimmage,  Larkfield.  Dublin  (Brother's 
adJress.'l  Herbert  st.,   Kentish  Town,  London). 
M'Guire.  F.'-U,  c/o  T.  M'Guire,  Derrygonnelly,  Co. 

*  Fermanagh. 
MTinirc     R      65a    Riithmines   road.    Dublin. 
\t'H.iiri-      P      54    Donore    ivenue,     Dublin 
M'Keon    0  "Un^-rsitv  Coll..   Earlsfort  tee.,  Dublin. 
MrMahon     •>..   n    Newmtrket.    Dublin. 
WrXnltv    M     The  Mm    RHnchnrdstown,  Co   Dublin. 
*    v      v    P     Th"  Mill.  BJanehardstown,  Co.  Dublin. 
McPartlin,    P..    Zz    st-    Joseph's    place,    Dorset    St.. 

Dublin.  _,  .  ,    _,  , .. 

MarOinley.    E-     :,os    Drumcondra   road,    Dublin. 


MarT'L     17  Grantham  street,  Dublin. 
E'„    nFrank),  4   Lr.   Dominick  st.,   Dublin, 
MaSn   V     4  Lower  Dominick  street,  Dublin. 
Mr'^ip    II"   68  Cabra  Park,  rhibsborongh.  Dublin. 
'.  "£'    w     68   Cabra   Park.    Phibsboro',    Dublin. 
M,i"h'er    P.,  138  Upper  Dorset  street.  Dublin, 
\\  .Pk in    G..  38  Fast   Essex  street.  Dublin. 
Mmks    A.  1  MalpaS  terrace,  off  New  st.,  Dublin'. 
Moonpy,    J-,   River   road   Cottage.  Castleknock.   Co. 

■Mnnripv    P     Rivervirw,  Castleknock,  Co.  Dublin. 
Moore  'J.   16  St.  Joseph  sq..  Vernon  av.,  Clontarf. 

DubliQ.  __  ,  ,   ,,  , ,. 

Mnnroo   T.,  7  Little  Denmark  street,  Dublin. 

„e    i  14   Blackhall  place,   Dublin. 
Vnrnhv     F  .    9    North   Wall,    Dublin. 
Mnrnhv    F.,  The  Hermitage  Rathfarnham. 
MnrohV    H..  31   Usher's  quay.    Dublin. 
Murphv'  3-,  Kilmore  Cottages,   Artane,  Co.  Dublin. 
Murphy'   P..  45  Broughton  Btrcct,  Dundalk. 


Murtagh.  F.  D..  196  Parnell  street.  Dublin. 
Murtat-i     i...    Lower    Paimersto .  .i,    Chapelizod,   Co. 

Dublin 
Munay,   T..    102    Lower  Gard  u^r   /reet.    Dublin. 
ilurphy,  C,  9   Upper  St.    Brigid'i  .d.,  Drumcondra. 
JlUbgrave,    A.,     4    St.    Patrick  3    rd..     Drumcondrii. 

DubliiiF 
Nolan,   M.,   Bu-rowfield,   Baldoyle,   Co.    Dublin. 
NoUn,  T.    8    Norseman   place,   Dublin. 
Noona  u    C,    28    Blackhall    place,    D«ili.i. 
Noonan,    E.,    Larkfield,    Kimmage,    Dublin. 
Noon.»a,  J.,   Larkfield,   Kimmage,  Dublin. 
O'Brien,    J.,    8    Dolphin's   Barn.    Dublin. 
O'Rrien,  M.,  2   Walker's  Cottases.  Ratumines. 
O'Brien,  O.,  7  Bessborough  pde..  Rathmines,  Dublin. 
O'Brien,  P.,  26  St.  Michael's  terrace,  S.C.R..  Dublin 
O'Brien,   W..   75   Fairview  Strand,  Clontarf.  Dublin. 
O'Brien,   T.,   6   Parkgate   street.   Dublin. 
O'Byine,   J.,    32    Connaught    street,    Dublin. 
O'B.vrne,  J.,  2  Camden  place,  Dublin. 
O'Connell.  M..  44  Mountjoy  street,  Dublin. 
O'Connor,  J.,  18  Francis  street,  Dublin 
O'Connor,    J.,    77    Parnell    st.    (home   address,    13 

White  Lion  street,  London. 
O'Connor,   J.,   4   Lower  Sherrard   street,   Dublin. 
O'Connor,   J.,    10    Beresford    place,    Dublin. 
O'Connor,   T.,   58i  Harold's  Cross.    Dublin. 
O'Dokerty,  AV..  15  Shamrock  tee.,  Blarney,  Co.  Cork 
O'Gorman,  W.,  16  Drumcondra  Park.  Dublin. 
O'Hanlon.    P.,    31    Up.    Wellington   st.,    Dublin. 
O'Higgins,   B.,    Finglas,   Co.    Dublin. 
O'Kelly,  M  ,  27  Upper  Rutland  street,  Dublin 
O'Neal,  M.,  69  North  Kinjr  street.  Dublin. 
O'Neill,  J.,  4   Russell   terrace,  Church  road,  Dublin. 
O'Neill,  J.,   18   Manor  place,   Dublin. 
O'Neill,  T.,  8  St.  Mary's  rd..  off  Church  rd.,  Dublin. 
O'Neill,  W.,   7    North   Gt.   George's  st.,  Dublin. 
O'Reilly,  D.,  181   North  Circular  road,  Dublin. 
O'Reilly,  J.,   32  Commons  street.   Dublin. 
O'Reilly,   J.,   3   Ballybough   lane,    Dublin. 
O'Reilly,  J..  35  Drumcondra   road,  Dublin. 
O'Reilly,  J.,   Chapel  st.,  Bantry.  Co.  Cork. 
O'Reilly,    P.,    43   Geraldine   street,    Dublin. 
O'Keilly,    T.,    10   St.    Michael's   Hill.    Dublin. 
O'Reilly,  W.,  14  Arbutus  place,  S.C.R.,  Dublin. 
O'Rorke,     J.,     14     Carlingford     tee.,     Drumcondra, 

Dubiin. 
Oman,   R.,   8   Daniels  street,   Dublin. 
Pollard,    F.,    31    Lower    Dominick    st.,    Dublin. 
Perry;    W..    19    Usher's   Island.   Dublin. 
Poole,  C,  2   Lower   Rutland  street,   Dublin. 
Poole,   P.,  50  Marlborough  street.  Dublin. 
Price,   J.,    15    Killarney    parade.   NCR.,    Dublin. 
Rankin,  P..  24  Queen  street.  Newry. 
Rath,  T.,   12  Grand  Canal   Harbour,   Dublin. 
Redmond,  A.,  15  Cuizon  street,  Dublin. 
Richmond,  J.,   275   North  Circular  road,   Dublin. 
Ring.  C  5  Sackville  Gardens.   Dublin. 
Ring,  J..   17  Clonmore  terrace.  Dublin. 
Rinjr,    W.,   4   Sackville  Gardens,   Dublin. 
Ross.   W.,    11  Lr.   Sherrard  street,   Dublin. 
Rvan,   D.,  St.    Enda's  College,    Rathfarnham. 
Ryan,    J.,    39    Rsnelagh    road,    Dublin. 
Ryan,   L.,    4    Portobello    Ilarlnjur.    Dublin. 
Seerv,   J.,    10    Beresford    place.    Dublin. 
Shelly.  C,  78  St.  Augustine  street,  Dublin. 
Sheridan,    J.,    10     Carters'     lane,    off     Smithfield, 

Dublin. 
Shortall,  W.,  3  St.  Joseph's  terrace,  Upper  Wcllinjp. 

ton  street,  Dublin. 
Shouldice.  P.,  3  Marino  Crescent,  Clontarf,  Dublin* 
Skeils,  T.,  36  Moyelta  road,  AVest  road,  Dublin. 
Smith,  J.,  3  Pile's  Buildings,  Wood  st.,  Dublin. 
Steinmayer,  C,   70  Lombard  street,  S.C.R..  Dublin* 
Sullivan,  J.,  4  Camden  place,  Dublin. 
Sullivan,  J.,  550  N.C.R..  Dublin. 
Summers,  J.,   7   Henrietta  street,  Dublin.  \ 

Swan,  P.,  15  Belvedere  av..   N.C.R.,  Dublin. 
Sweeney,    J.,    The    Hermitage.    Rathfarnham,    Co, 

Dublin. 
Sweeney,  J.,  Butterfield  avenue,  Rathfarnham. 
Sweenev,    P.,    Butterfield    avenue,    Rathfarnham'. 
Thornton,   II.,  Larkfield,  Kimmage  road.  Dublinu 
Toban,  M.,  35  Sullivan  street,   Dublin. 
Tobin,  M.,  2'8  Castlewood  av.,  Rathmines,  Dublin. 
Tuohv,  S.,  73  Brido  street,  Dublin. 
Tnrmley,   J.,   3  7   Garden   lane,    Dublin, 
Turner    II. .  10  Summerhill,  Dublin. 
TyrralL   T.,  Maynooth.  Co.   Kildare, 


V, 


1 


Yize,  J.,   70  Seville   place,    Dublin. 

waiter,   P  ,  Mi  union    llill     Kiunsvorthy,  Co.  Wexford 

Vtalpole,    II,    *    Ranebiah    'oad    DiibMu 

Walsh,    J.,    74  Parnell   street,    Dublin. 

Walsh,    J.,    3   Sherrard    avenue,    N.C.R.,    Dublin. 

Ward,   G.,   44  Home  Farm   rd.,  Drumcondra,  Dublin. 

Ward.    T  ,    74     Paniell    street,    Dublin. 

Wlielan,  G.,   19   Russell  street,    Dublin. 

W'hcian.   J..    50    Marilwrough    street,    Dublin. 

M  helan,  J  ,   14    Marlborough  street,    Dublin. 

Wheluii.    W  .   31    lialiyhongh    mud.    Dublin. 

White,   J.,    10  Summer  street,    Dublin. 

303    TO    KN'JTSFORD    CN    3rd   MAY. 

The  following  list  of  308  prisoners  who 
were  removed  from  Richmond  Barracks, 
Dublin,  on  May  2nd,  and  lodged  in  Knuts- 
ford  Detention  Barracks  on  May  3rd,  was  is- 
sued  on   Friday,    12th  May: — 

Archibold,    Wri.,    6    Synnott    street.    North    Strand, 
Dublin — Commission  agei.t's  clerk 

Blanchh'eld,    Peter,   44   Carnew   St.,   N.C.R.— Cabinet- 
maker. 

Roland,  Gerald,  9  Vinrent  st.,  S.CR.— Fitter. 

Bowman,  Joseph.  21    Sth    terr.,   Inchirore— Fitter. 

Boylan.    Thos ,    6    Ashbrook    terr..   S.CR,,    Dublin- 
Teacher. 

Bracken,  Thos.,  7   Lower  Gloucester  st. —  Labourer. 

Brady,   Jas..   71    Bride  street,    Dublin.    Lamplighter. 

Breslin,    Patrick,    ill    Foley   st— Labourer. 

Brian,   Ptk.,    42    Upper    Gloucester   st.— Machinist. 

Brogan     (Drogan),      Patrick,      Gollinsto.wn.     Lusk — 
Labourer 

Buckley,       Daniel,       Maynooth,       Kildare— General 
merchant; 

Buckley.    Wm.   J.,   43  Gt.   Charles  street.    N.C.R.- 
Co  ton    merchant. 

Burke,   M.    9    Brabazon   street,  Dublin— Labourer. 

Burue,  James,  2  Alevander  tee.,  Terenure— Carpenter 

Rp tier,    Chris.,    61    Emmet    rd..    Inchicore — Cooper 

Byrne      Joseph,     99     Marlborough     St.— Corporation 
labourer. 

Pvrne,    Michael.    1    Maxwell    st,— Labourer. 

Byrne,    Wm..    Fingall   street,    Cork   street,    Dublin— 
Despatch  cierk. 

Byrne,   Jos.,    5    Armstrong    street,    Harold's  Cross — 
Carpenter. 

Byrne.    Thomas,    37    Blackpitts,    Dublin— Carpenter. 

Byrne.    Patrick,  9  Ring  terrace  .Inchicore,   Dublin- 
Brass    polisher. 

Byrne,    M.,   Salem    place.   Donore,   Terenure   avenue, 
Dublin— Carpenter. 

Byrne,     Lawrence.    15     Ilavclock    square,     Dublin— 
Engineer's    fitter 

Ryrne,    Hugh,  Harold's  Cross  rd.,   Dublin— Labourer. 

Byrne.    Frank,   2    Aberdeen    terrace,    Dublin— Inspec- 
tor  O  P  O.    telephones. 

Byrne,    Christopher,    16a    (169)    Up.    Basin    street- 
Corporation    labourer. 

?yrne,    Wm.,    4   Smithfield    av.—  Labourer. 

Byrne,    Patrick,    2    Alexander    tee.,    Terenure— Com- 
positor 

Jyrne.    Patrick,    20    Donore    avenue— Machinist 

fjrne,   John,   31    Mh.   Cumberland   st.— Labourer. 

Lvrne,  Charles,  35  Monntpleasant  sq.— Clerk, 
rne,  Joseph,   56  Summerhill— Labourer 

Haffrey,   F.,   116   Lr.  Gardiner  st..   Dublin— Baker. 

^affrey,  Leo.,  116   Lr.  Gardiner  st.,  Dublin— Baker. 

Lallan,  P.,  59  Millmount  nvenue,  Dublin— Carpenter. 

Carlton,  T.  G.,  Kimmage  road,  Dublin— Warehouso 
clerk. 

Jarroll,    Bartholomew,    5    Mallon   ter.,   Grove   road, 
Harold's   Cross— Plumber.     . 

'arroll,   James,   4    Almeida  av.— Fn.gine   driver. 

larroll,   Peter,  8  Lr.  Rutland  st.— Labourer. 

"arty,  Thos.,  Castleknock,  Co.   Dublin— Clerk. 

"asey.  Jas.,  Iveagh   House,   Dublin— Boot  salesman, 
assidy,  II.,  36  Coombe  street,  Dublin— Labourer. 

Jaulfield,   John,    1    (4?),   Marlborough   place— Wine 
porter. 

lavanagh,  Martin,  20  Phoenix  st.— Brass  moulder. 

lavauagh,  Thomas,  20  Phrenix  st.— Machine  minder. 

Jhristie,    Peter,    Artane    Village,    Co.    Dublin— La- 
bourer. 

llarke,  Jos.,  7  Clifton  fcrr.,  Rnnclagh  rd.— number. 

Jollins,  John,  98   Marlborough  st.— Tailor. 


Commerford    Andrew,  4  Up.  Kevin  st.— Range  setter. 
Corcoran,   Jos.,    19    Kennedy's   Villas,   James's  St.— 
Bootmaker.  t 

iCordv    (Coatl.vi.    Wm.,   8    Nicholas  pi.— Silk-weaver.    ! 
Corrigan,  James,    11    Lower  Baggot  street,  Dublin- 
Shop  assistant. 
Cotter,    Joseph,    h    St     Ann's    road,    Drumcondra— 

Clerk,   Civil    Service. 
Coughlan,  Jas.,  21  Up    Bridge  st..  Dublin— Mechanic 
C'ulleii,   John.,    37    Wexford   st.— Chauffeur 
Curran,  W.,  3  Vanxhall  ave..   Dublin— Brass  polisher 
Cahill,   Arthur,  444  Nth.  Cir.  rd  ,   Dublin— Chemist. 
Corrigan,    Wm.,    84    Lower   George's   street,    Kings- 
town— Shopman  (grocer?). 
Cotter,  Joseph.  32  St.  Ann's  rd..  Drumcondra— Clerk. 
Cotter,    Richard,    2    St.    Ann's    road,    Drumcondra — 

Clerk,    Civil    Service. 
Cunningham.   James,   3   Upper  Oriel  st.— Tailor. 
Daly,   Philip,   12   Pim  st., Dublin— Draper's  assisfant. 
Delfciiy,    M       31     Patrick    st,,    Dublin— Lal>ourer. 
Dempsey,  Wm.,   32   Reginald  st.,   Dublin— Labourer. 
Dpvine.    John,     Lusk— labourer. 
Dohertv,  John,   St.   James'  terrace.  Dolphin's   Barn. 

Dublin— Cooler. 
Donnghne,  Thos.   D.,   Lower  Abbey  st — Labourer 
Doolan,  Joseph,      6      Brighton      Gardens      (Bright's 

Yard?),    Terenure— Insurance    agent. 
Doyle,    Peter.   74    Summerhill— Bricklayer. 
Bowling.    Edward,    99    Marlborough    st.— Carter. 
Doyle,    Patrick,    Coombe    Hospital— Medical    student. 
Doyle.  Thomas    19   Harman  street,   Donore  avenue, 

Dublin — Carpenter. 
Doyie,  Joseph,  22  Chamber  st,— Porter. 
Doyle   Thomas,  18  Lower  Mayor  street— Porter 
Doyle,  Christopher,  3   Dolphin's  Barn  st.— Labourer 
Doyle,  Wm.,  Leisson   Hall.  Swords— Farm  labourer.  " 
Dunne,    Denis,    22    Brighton    Gardens,    Terenure — 

Insurance    agent. 
Dunne    P..  31  Darley's  terr..  Donore  ave.— Labourer 
Dunne,    John    Joseph.    28    S.C  R.— Clerk. 
Drumm    (PDrohanl.   Thos..      3      Byrne's   Cottages 

Dolly  mount — Gardener. 
Durham     M  itthias,   Skerries— Carpenter. 
Edwards.   John,   25   St.    Michael's  terrace,   Dublin- 
Cooper. 
Egan,    Patrick.    31    Gardiner  st.— Van   driver. 
Ennis,    Christopher.   49    Ressboro'  av.— Plumber 
Ennis,    Michael    ( 'Christopher),    49    Bessboro'    ar„ 

North   Strand— Gas   fitter. 
Farrell,    Wm.,    25    Grcnville   st.,    Dublin— Plumber'* 

assistant. 
Farrell,    M  ,   84£  Cork   street,    Dublin— Wine    porter. 
Farrell     Jas.     8    Lower    Drumcondra    rd— Grocer. 
Fitzp-'trick,   Andrew,  l  Chawoit   (Talbot?)   terrace- 
Electric  worker. 
Fitzpatrick,    John,     118     Parnell    street,     Dublin- 
Grocer's   assistant. 
Fitzpatrick.  Jas.,  7  Carrickfoyle  terr.,  Kilmainhum- 

Coachmaker. 
Fitzsimons,    John.    118    Lower      Gardiner      street, 

Dublin— Vanman. 
Fleming,    M.,    Shillelagh     Co.    Wicklow—  Fireman 
Fogarty.    James.    7    Parnell    place.    Harold's  Cross— 

Saddler. 
Foran,    James.    Camao    House,     Dolphin's     Barn- 
House  painter. 
Fullerton,  Geo.,   22  Bow  lane,   Dublin— Machinist. 
Furlong,  Matthew,  70  Seville  place — Tool  maker. 
Furlong,   Joseph,  70   Seville    place— Turner. 
Gahan  (Galvin?.),  Timothy,  Wood  quay— Student   oi 

Steward. 
Goukling,     Charles,     5     Cottage      place,       N.C.E,-, 

Dublin— Painter. 
Goulding,    James,    5    Cottage   place,    Dublin— IIouu 

painter. 
Graham,  Jas.,    27    Emerald   sq.,    Dolphin's  Barn 

Labourer. 
Graham,    Thos.,   44    Reginald    st,— Labourer. 
Grant,    Patrick,    G.N.B.    Cottage,    Baldoyle— Moti 

•     mechanic. 
Gregory,  John,  28  Cadogan  road— Labourer. 
Griffen.  John,  3  Grcnville  lane,  off  Gardiner  place- 
Tailor. 
Gunning,  J.,   79  Lr.   Gardiner  st.— Plate  Polisher 
Hagan,  James,  30  Gray  street,  Dublin— Labourer 
Hannon,  Jas.,    12   Lawrence  si.,   Dublin— Checker' 
Hanney,    John,    79    Lr.    Gardiner    street— Old     i- 

pensioner  and  printer. 
Hanney,    Eras    (John?),  79 Lr. Gardiner sf.  — *wnte 
Harvey,  Robert,  79  Lr   ft-udinc.r  st.    Cj.r  —  ■%>■• 


74 


Harvey,    I'hos.,   5    D'OMer    st.-Waiter. 

Heron  J. is.,  23a  Bessboro's  ave.,  North  Strand— 
Butcher.  ■ 

Holland  (Haloran),  Dl.,  157  Silverdale  terr.,  Inchi- 
etire — Carpenter 

Holland  (Hallinirton),  Robt.,  157  Silverdale  terr., 
Iiichicore — Butcher. 

Hutchinson,  .lot,.,  12  Summerhill  parade.  Snramer- 
hilt.    Dublin— Printer's  assistant. 

Jordan.    Micha.  I,    53    Monntjoy    street— Porter. 

Joyce,    J..    Ashdall    road,    Terenute- Student. 

Jn'dtre.  J,   2   Catsimir   road     Dublin — Butcher. 

Kavanogh,  Jas..  78  Marrowbone  lane,  Dublin- 
Si  essenger. 

Kavanairh.  P.,  IS  Up    Dorset  sL— Grocer's  assistant. 

Kearns.  Jos.,    13  St    Clements' s  road— Clerk. 

Kearns,   Frank.  13  St.  Clements  road— Clerk. 

K earns,  John,   13  St.   Clement's  road— Student. 

Kearns.   Thos.,    13   St.   Clement's   road— Clerk. 

Keating,    Jas.,   42    I'p.    Gloucester   St.—  Labourer. 

Keller,   Thomas.   Corduff.    Lusk— Labourer. 

Kelly,  Thomad..  71b  Corporation  Buildings,  Dublin 
— Flour  packer. 

Kelly,  Henify.  31  Bachelor's  Walk— Grocer's 
assistant. 

Kelly,  Joseph,  12  Killarney  Tarade,  NCR.— 
Private   means. 

Kellv,    .)..    Skerries.    Co.     Dublin — ft  racer's   assistant. 

Kellv.   Win..   11    Donohue   st..    Incliirore—  Lalmnrer. 

Kelly.  P.,  100  Lr.  Drumcondon  ( rDrumcondra)  rd. 
-Clerk. 

KHlv,  Joseph,  Co-duff.  Lusk— Workhr.nse  wardmaster 

Kelly.  Isaac,  23  Longwood  av.,  S.C.R.,  Dublin— 
Bank  clerk. 

Kellv,  Matthew.  42  Up.   Gloucester  st.— Van  driver. 

Kennedy,  Joseph    2nd   Lock,  Grand  Canal— Clerk. 

Kenny,  James,  Priest Reid  terrace.  Dolphin's  Barn, 
Dublin—  Harness  maker. 

Kenny,   K.,  42   Reuben  st.,   S.C.R.,   Dublin— Draper. 

Kenny,   J..   92    North   S'-ind   road— Plasterer. 

Kro'.rii     -Times,    S    High    street— Hairdresser. 

Kerr  (Carr),  Neil!.  6  Fiorinda  street,  Larkhill, 
Liverpool — Seaman. 

Kerr,    Michael.    Tercnure — Labourer. 

Kerr,  Thos.,   Kimmage   (11    Emerald   st.)— Lalvourer. 

Kerrigan     o.,  en.    82    Hp     Ra'hmines—  I'pho'sterer. 

Ivilleen.  Robert.  14  St.  Joseph's  parade,  off  Dorset 
street,    Dublin— Labourer. 

King.  John.  45  St.  Patrick's  road,  Drumzondra— 
l!'-n]<se''"'-'s   clerk. 

I.aughlin.  Ptk.,  172  James's  st.,  Dublin— Silk 
weaver. 

Lawleev.'.  .las,  20  (?  21)  First  av.,  Seville  place- 
Clerk. 

lawless,     Jus..    Swords,    Co.     Dublin— Fireman 

Listnn.  -  M..  27  South  square,  I  nchicore— Fitter's 
apprentice. 

Losty,   Thos..  5    Nixon   st..   Nor'h   Wall— Checker. 

l.\neh,    ML.   2   Grantham   st. -Clerk    (Corporation). 

Lviuh,    Win.,    1     N'xvin    st.— Clerk. 

Lviuli.    John.    1     Nixon    st,     Dtil>"n— Clerk 

Lyons,  E.  1  =s  Fnrtnrv  ten-ace,  Ballyboiigh  road, 
nnblin— Brass  nir'h.-r 

MarKav  Lawrence,  23  ( ?  33)  Nth  William  st.— 
Blacksmith. 

McCabe,  P.,  Royraount  House,  Harold's  Cross- 
Painter. 

McCabe,  Edward,  Roymonnt  House,  Kimmage, 
Harold's  Cross— Painter. 

McCabe,  Wm,,  Ro.ymouiit  House,  Kimmage  road- 
Painter. 

McCormack  John,  70  Corporation  st.,  Dublin— 
Grocer's  assistant. 

M'Donnell,  Jn.,  Victoria  Cottage,  Stillorgan  rd.. 
Donny  brook— Labourer. 

M'Olvnn,    John,    4    Portobello    narbonr— Plasterer. 

|i'Gion<?ri1!n,  M.,  9  Northumberland  square,  Dublin 
—Printer. 

M'Grath,  John.  49  Bellcview  Buildings,  Thomas 
street      Dublin— Clerk    at    Guinness's    Brewery. 

M'Grath,  Patrick.  49  Bellcvue  Buildings,  Dublin- 
La  Ixnirer. 

M 'Go ire,  Jas..  32  St.  Michaels  terrace—  Labonrcr. 

11  alone,  Wm.,  57  Corporation  street,  Dublin- 
Grocer's   porter. 

Malonv.  J.,  21  Longwood  avenue,  S.C.R..  Dublin- 
Traveller 

Martin,  Peter,  32  Commons'  street.  North  Wall- 
Checker. 

Mcadc,  Dnl.,  11  Emerald  sq  —  Attendant  (labourer). 


Molloy,  Chas..   118   Parnel!  st.,  Dublin. 

Molloy,  Ml.  Jos.,  45  Ba.yview  ave— Compositor 

Molloy,    Richard.    50    Sitric    rd.,    Dublin— Painter 

Morgan,  John,  10  Gray  st.,  Dublin— Labourer  (mes- 
senger). 

Mullen.  .Martin,  10  Lauderdale  terrace,  New  row, 
Dublin— Bricklayer. 

Murphy,    M.,    9    Synnott    place,    Dublin— Brick".  iy«r. 

Murphy,  John,  I  Lower  Clanbrassil  street,  Dublin- 
Van  driver. 

Murphy,  Jn,  5  Behan's  Cott.,  James's  st.— Labourer. 

Murphy.  James,  17  St.  Mary's  terrace,  Rathfarn- 
ham — Traveller 

Murray,   Ger.,   31    Effra   rd    Rat hmines— Clerk 

Murray,   G.,   Tiutern.    Kfi'ra    rd..    Rathmmes— Clerk. 

M'Allister.    Bernard.    Donabate.    Co.    Dublin. 

M'Cabe,    Kevin,   539    NCR.,   Dublin— Watchmaker. 

M'Cflim.  John    Back   lane.    Lusk— Labourer. 

M'Donagh,  John,  34  Bloomfield  avenue— Theatre 
manager. 

M'Donald,   ML,  84   North  Strand  rd.— Labourer. 

M" Donald,  J.,  17   Lr.  Oriel  street— Clerk. 

McDonald,  John.,  6  St.  Brigid's  ave.,  Nth.  Strand- 
Linotype  operator. 

M'Donnell.  Matthew,  11  North  Portland  place, 
N.C.R.,    Dublin— Painter. 

M'Donnell  (M'Donald).  Patrick,  4  Up.  Gardiner 
street — Dtaner's   assistant. 

M'Donnell,  Seamns  (James),  Little  Strand  street, 
■Skerries — Druggist. 

M'Evoy.  James,  8  Redmond's  Hill— Cinematograph 
operator. 

M'Ginley,   Patrick,  2  Fitzgibbon  st,.  Dublin— Tailor. 

M'Keag  (M'Kerg),  David,  25  Lr    Abbey  st. -Glazier. 

M-K'ee.    Richard.    Firrglas    Bridge— Compositor. 

M'Kenna,    Bernard,    1    Maxwell   st.— Van    driver. 

M'l.nuQ-hlin,    Peter,  6   King  street   South-Tailor. 

M'Mahon,  Peter,  Up.  Gardiner  street— Clerk  to 
ship-broker. 

M'Quaid  John,  la  Rose  terrace,  Wharf  road,  Fair- 
view— Tramway  clerk. 

M'Veigh.  James,  Emerald  square,  Dolphin's  Rarri — 
Labourer. 

Mackey.  ML,  23  Nth.  William  st.— Blacksmith's 
improver. 

Makttnalt's.    Antli.    <Rns?ian),    Belfast— Seaman. 

Malony,  Hy.,  Lr.  Gloucester  st.— Foreman. 

Maslerson.     James,     Lusk— Labourer. 

Maxwell,   Thomas    Sutton     Co     Dublin— Gardener. 

Meldon     Thos..    45    Gardiner   st.— Tailor;    and 

Meldon,    John,    same   address— Clerk,    brothers. 

Moore.    John.    29    Guild    st..    Dublin— Lalwnrer. 

Moore.  Wm.,  21  Cardigan  rd.  (fCadogan  rd.)— 
Clerk. 

Moran.  Ptk.  160  Phibsboro*  rd.,  Dublin— Grocer* i 
assistant 

Mullen    Martin,  9  Emerald  tee..  Cork  st. — Lanonrer. 

At  alien.  Pa' rick,  9  Rmerald  tee.— Fitter's  apprentice. 

Mi'lcahv.   Richard.    Bayview,   Sutton— Clerk. 

v..niliv     ''■'.tre-k     9   Church   st.     N     Wnl'—  T.al:o>>rer. 

1'iirnhv    P..  42  Chamber  st  —Labourer  ^boot-maker). 

Murphy,  Jos.,  30  Corporation  «t.,   Dublin  —  Labourer 

Murray,  Nicholas,  107  North  Strand— Decoratii  j 
artist. 

Mnrrav     Henrv    31    Rffra   rd.,    Rotbmincs—Clerk 

Miiif-'-'h  (5  Morion),  Bernard,  63  Lombard  street 
W  —Labourer. 

Neary.  Jos.,  Marlborough  nouse,  Glasnevin— Waiter. 

Nolan,'    Thomas.    106    Cork    street— La bourer. 

O'Brien  Wm.,  43  Lombard  street.  West,  S.C.Rs* 
Dublin— Clerk. 

O'Brien,    Lorean,    8    Pirn    st.— Clerk. 

O  Brien,  Denis,   1   Greenville  terrace— Slater. 

O'Brien,  Peter,  7  Bessboro'  Parade,  Rathmines— 
Law  clerk 

O'Byrne.  John.  5  Shamrock  Villas,  Harold's  Cross— 
~  Paintev. 

O'Byrne,  Joseph,  Crchclp,  Dunlavin,  Co.  Wicklow— 
Grocer. 

O'Callashan.  Michael,  6  Shannon  terrace,  Old  Kil- 
mainham— Coachbuilder. 

O'Callaghan,  J..  20   Leinster  st.— Commercial  clerk. 

O'Connell,  J.,  9  Parnell  Cott,.  Malahide— Labourer. 

O'Connor.  Thos.,  4  Lower  Sherrard  street,  Dublin- 
Seaman. 

O'Donncll,  Jas.,  28   Francis  st.— Hairdresser... 

O'Dwyer,  Michael,  49  Cork  st.,  Dublin— Cooper. 

O'Flaherty,    Martin.    22    Riaito   st.— Clerk. 

O'Flaherty,    Liam,    22    Rialto    st.— Clerk. 

-.    ) 


O'Gurmin.  John.  1  Coulson  av.,  Raihgar—  Railway 
clerk 

O'Neill,  Frank,  14  Lower  Gardiner  street,  Dublin — 
'lea    packer 

O'Neill.    K.',    14    Ring    street,    Inehieorp— Fit'er 

O'Neill.  I  jscph  14  Lower  Gardiner  street,  Dublin— 
lea    paiker 

(J'Neih,    Miihael,  49    Phrrnix  -4- Blacksmith. 

()  ll.iilnraii     (  ..     Aabuni     Vilias.     Kingstown. 

OUilTerlv     ,lohn     Main   st.,    I.nsk     Croum 

G'Ronrk-.    MI,    2    Seville    place— Clerk 

U  lt.ii.rke,  I'..  7S  Mai  run  bone  lane,  Dublin—  Coal 
asjciit    (labourer) 

O'Reilly;    I'lk  ,    44    Reuben   st.,    Dublin— Silk-weaver. 

O'Sn-a.  Dviriu'iU.  10  'lempif  street,  Dublin- Ware- 
house   cieik 

Perry,  .)  is.,  42    Fp    Gloucester  st  —Labourer. 

ferry,    Geo.,    42     1  p     Gloucester    st  —  fort-mad 

I'liebin.  Michael,  4  Purtobello  place,  S.O.'Ji. — Car 
penter 

Phillips.   John.  9  Sth     Brown   st.— Carrier 

Power,   Thomas,    14    l.r.   Gardiner  street — Tailor. 

Power,    .Tnspnh      ninelH.il      I  nchicore—  Machinist. 

Fowi.r.     Arthur,    Blueball.     I  nchicore—  Labourer 

Power    Wm..   Bluebell     [nchicore— Drilling  Machinist- 

Price.  Kdward  15  Killarne.v  Parade  N  C. R. —Clerk, 
f  'i\  1 1    Service. 

Pegh.  Tins.  9  Chnrleville  Mall.  Nth.  Strand— Clerk 

Qui  Kie.v,  .lohtt.  Police  Barracks,  Store  street, 
Dublin  - K\  Policeman 

Rea-don,  Michael  ( 5  Rcordonl.  22  R"ing  terrace, 
I  nchico  ^e— Apprentice    coach  builder. 

Redmond,  Patrick,  24  Phillipsburgh  avenue,  Dub- 
lin -L.ilK.urpr 

Pcvnoids.   Chrirles    70   Gardiner   st. — Ship's  fireman. 

Ruche.  Thomas  Q.,  4- Sidney  tee..  S.C  R.— Book- 
keeper 

Roche.    Wm..  4   Sydney   tee.,   SCR.— Clerk. 

Roonrv.     I "tnes     I.nsk.    Co.  -Dublin—  Farmer 

Rooney,    Edward.    Tusk,    Co.    Dublin-Farmer 

Bimarien    fP'-nnuneieL    Richard.    Lusk— Carpenter 

Russell.  L.  Cb"'.T'-.ive   ter  .   S.C  R.,    Dublin— Rulcher. 

Saul.  John,  37  Parkview  terrace,  Kilmainhnm  — 
I  alviu-nr 

Scbweppe.  Fred.,  3  Mountain  place,  Dublin— Pattern 

case   maker. 
Server.    Thorrns.     Lusk  —  Farmer. 
C!,n.,.,i1;,-)      Philip,     134     Folev     street — Grocer. 
PVil-s   '°stipp!n).    .ins.    33    Resslioro'   av  —Clerk 
Shortbal!    P.  3  0  Cast'ewnnd  p!..  Rat  hmiiics—  Fireman 
Shellcv,     Penis.    4    Seville    nl.— Cabinetmaker. 
SHctlev.    Th  '.«.,    4    Seville    nl  -Cabinetmaker. 
Sierra  n     Charles.     143    James's    st— Clerk 
Smith,  ML.  2  Bayview  av..   Nth    Strand- Painter 
S-mlh.    Th-nas     61    Lr     Dominick    st.— Postman. 
Slatterv.    Jas..    9   Woodullc.    Botanic    av.,    Dublin— 

Cabinet   maker's   apprentice 
Stafford.     Fdward,     Swords,     Co.     Dublin— Butcher's 

assistant. 
Ptanlelnn     Wm..  50   (13)    Gt.  George's  st.— Pa'ntrr. 
Stokes.    R'.eha-d       ^     Tlollybank      road,     Dublin— 

flrpppr's    assistant. 
Swair'v.    Patk       108    Philipsbufgh    avc,    Fairvipw, 

Dublin— Baker. 
Tobin.    Michael,    118    Parnell    st.,    Dublin— Grocer's 

as°istant. 
Tnole.  John,   13  flrav  st  —  Labourer 
Tracy.  John  7    Rath  mines  I  err —Grocer's  assistant. 
Troy,     Patk.,     179    Emmet    rd.,    Inchicore— Skilled 

labourer. 
Trov.  Daniel.  179  Emmet  rd.,  Inrh;core—  Bodv-maker 
Venables.   Thos.,    7    Chamber   st.— Silk-weaver 
Walsh.    Patrick    J..    17    Glenarm    avenue— Furniture 

salesman. 
"Walsh,    Ptk.,    47    Grove    Park,    Rathmines— Motor 

mechanic. 
Ward     Patrick    W..    100    Lower    Gloucester   street 

Dublin— Grocer's   porter. 
Weston,    Bartle,  Tnrvey,    Donabate— Bricklayer. 
Wpston,   Charles.   Donabate.   Co.    Dublin— Bricklayer. 
Whelan,     Richard,     nerberton     Buildings,     Rialto-^ 

Railway   clerk. 
Whelan.   M.,    7   Emerald   square,   Dolphin's  Barn- 
Basket  maker. 
Whitmore,   William,   Clonee,   Camolin,   Co.   Wexford 

— Farmrr. 
Whiteham,  Chris.,  Patrick  St.,  Mullingar—  Labourer. 
SP  HI  Jams,  W.,  19  Sidney  terr.,  West  rd.— Bookbinder 
Young,  Robert,  17  Sandford  av.— Shop  asst. 
Bfounig,    Thomas,    17    Sandford    av.— Apprentice    to 

brass   moulder. 


376    TG    WAKEFIELD    ON    6th    MAY. 

The  following  list  of  376  prisoners 
arrested  by  the  military  authorities,  and 
received  at  Wakefield  Detention  Barracks  on 
May  6th,  was  issued  on  Saturday,  13th  May  :— ^ 

Dailsbricige    Party. 

Allwell.    Jos.,    144    Townsend    street— Dairyman. 

Poland.   Michael,  Lower  Rathfarnbam— Carter. 

Bracken.  John  (jun.).  14  Charlemout  Mall  Porto- 
bello-  Painter's   app 

Bradley     Richard,   82   Lr.  Gardiner  st.— Printer. 

Byrne     (tins.     37     Biackpills—  Plasterer. 

Byrne,    Laurence.    16    Gloucester    place — Carter. 

Banks     ITenrv,    53  Shelbourne   road— Cabman. 

Banks'    Henry,  7    Upper   Camden  st.— Storekeeper. 

Birmingham,    Patk.,    119  Haddington  rd.— Labourer 

Bracken  John  (sen.).  14  Charlemout  Mall,  Porto- 
hello— House  painter. 

Breen,  John.  20  Charlotte  street,  S.C.R.— Grocer's 
assistant 

Brennan.  Patrick.  The  Gardens.  Milltown  Park- 
Market    gardener. 

Brennin.    33   Stimmorhill— Confectioner. 

Breslin.    T.    F.,   ■£.    Fairview    Corner— Bookkeeper. 

Burton    Fredk.,  18   Herbert  lane— Carter. 

Byrne,    Patk..    3    Camden    place— Tailor. 

Byrne.    Henry,    3   Camden  place— Porter. 

Byrne!    Michael,    135    Townsend    street— Labourer. 

Byrne!   J  .  7    Barrow  street— Law   clerk. 

Byrne.   John,   51   Clarendon   street— Mess  man. 

Bvrne.    Ed.     no    residence— Labourer. 

Byrne    Peter.  V    Barrow   street— Law  clerk. 

Cahiil.     Patrick,    74    Church    street— Labourer 

Campbell,   Mich.  J.,  81  Lr.  Gardiner  st— Electrician 

Carberry.  Chris.,  3  Myrtle  terrace.  Church  road- 
Stock    bookkeeper. 

Carroll.    Thus..    10    Repeal   place— Labourer. 

Carroll'    Nick     10    Repeal    place— Labourer. 

Carroll.   Dudley,  17   Clarendon  street— Hair  dresser. 

Carter,  Richard,  Booterstown  avenue.  Willow  Tark, 
—Gardener. 

Casey,  Leo,  60  Shelbourne  rd.— Dentist's  apprentice. 

Cassidy     Thos.,    13    Denzillc    street— Coach    builder. 

Christian.    Wm.,    94    Bride    street— Porter. 

Clarke,    Joseph.     6    llareonrt    street— Vanman. 

Coffey,  Wm.,  7  Main  street.  Blackrock— Grocer's 
assistant. 

Colgan,    Daniel,    65    Gt     Brunswickstreet— Clerk. 

Cooper.    Robert.    27    Clarendon  street— Case    maker. 

Cosgrove.    John     1    Grattan    Court— Motor   driver. 

Cranwell,    Ed..   5    Margaret's    Cottages—  Nagsman. 

Cresg.    I.aughlin.   74   Parr.ell   street— Barman. 

Cuff    Janus.  4   Greenfield  place— Bookkeeper. 

Cnffe.   Patk..   4  Greenfield   place— Railway   porter. 

Cullen.    Michael,    67    Percy   place— Clerk. 

Cnllen.    John,    67     Percy    pla-e— Clerk. 

Delane.v.  Joseph.  3  Wnterford  street—  B'acksmith. 

Demr-sev,  Charles,  5  Emerald  street—  Winchm an. 

Donnellv     Simon,    34     Wexford    street— Plumber. 

Bowling.  Thos    l<\,  S6  Donore  terr.    S.C. It.—  Dentist. 

Dowliug.  Chas.i  96   Donore  terr.,  S.C. R.— Dentist. 

Dowling,   Lewis    96   Donor"  terr.,  S  C.R.— Dentist. 

Dowhng    Stephen    46   Marlborough  street-  Carter. 

Doyle,  Jas..  Edenville,  Haddington  rd— Clerk.  Gas 
Company. 

Dovle    James,  39  Lr.  Kevin  street— Labourer. 

Dovle,  Patk.,  S6  S.C.  road— Ship  plater. 

Dunne.  James  Allanwood,  Robertstown,  Co.  Eildare 
—Boatman 

Duffy,  Thomas,  15  Thomas  street — Labourer. 

Dull  Henry,  21  Lullymore  terrace,  S.C. R.— Retired 
railway  official 

Ducia.  Pat.,  Upper  Mount  Town,  Kingstown— Driver. 

Dume.  John  6  South  Dock  place— Dray  man. 

Dunne,  Joseph,  46  Marlborough  street—  Blacksmith. 

Dunne.  Timothy,  2  LTaddington  road— Turf  dealer. 

Dunne,  James   28  Gt.  Clarence  streets-Labourer. 

Dunne,  Andrew  Allanwood,  Robertstown,  Co.  Eil- 
dare—Boatman. 

Dnnphy,  John.  15  Pleasants  street— Cycle  salesman. 

Fay.   James,    46    Marlborough   street— Carter. 

Finn  Timothy.  9  Brusoa  Cottages,  Blackrock-- 
T-ailor 

Finn,  Luke,  12  Grenville  street— Coal  labourer. 


76 


Flannigan.    Patrick,    New      street,      Portumna    (11 

Reginvld  street)— Joiner. 
Fleming    Michael,  9  Hamilton  row— Motor  fitter. 
Fulham,  thos..  54   Denzille  street— Labourer. 
Gaffikin    Ed    Dighv.  67  Lr.  Gardiner  st  —  Mechanic. 
Gaskin    Frank    55  Reuben  avenue,  S.C.R.— Moulder 
Gibbon's.   Patrick,  46  Marlborough  street—  Rivetter. 
Gill,  James   3  Lauderdale  terrace— Vvine  porter. 
Oilli°s   Thos.,  31   Leingter  road— Electrician. 
Goulding,  John,  6  Vincent  st.,  S.C.R.— Shop  asst. 
Grace,  James,  29   Longwood  avenue.  3  Stanley  Cot- 
tages, Mei.iil  road— Clerk. 
Griften.     M.,    17    Vavasour    square,    Sandymount— 

Tailor 
Gni'fDv'.e,  John    47  Pleasants  street— Electrician. 
Guilfovle    Jos.,  47  Pleasants  street— Stationer 
llannon,  James,   1    Bayview  avenue.  Fairview— Rail- 
way port«r 

Uard\  Octavus  xl  Belgrave  road— Insurance  clerk. 
Hardv  Joseph  Mount  Prospect,  Rallinasloo— Farmer 
Darvev,  Patk.,  8  Lr.  Mt.  Pleasant  ave.— Hairdresser. 

Harvey,  Joa.  C.,,  8  Lr.  Mt.   Pleasant  ave—  Electri- 
cs ia  n. 

Haves.  Angustine,  16  Hume  street— Tailor. 

ITetirv,  Jas.    4-  Lr.  Orme  place— Cabinet-maker. 

Hiekev,  Michael,  30  Lennox  street— Clerk. 

Hill,  Sam.  II,  18  Lr    Ormord  auay— Legal  searcher 

Hvnes,  John,  No  Commons,  Lusk— Labourer. 

Irwin.   Samuel,   22b  Nicholas  street— Laboratory  as- 
sistant. 

Jackson,    Francis,    26    South    King      street— Baker  a 
.assistant. 

Jackson,  Joseph,  26  South  King  street— Chauffeur. 

Jennings,   M.   O'S.,  49      Londonbridge     road— Inde- 
pendent. 

Johnson.    Fd..  2  Hamilton   row— Waiter 

Jones,  Peter,  81  ■Marlborough  street—  Piir  minder 

Joyce,  John,  1   TIealv  street— Case  maker 

Joyce,  John,  Kilmore  road,   Artane — Gardener 

Judge    Richard,  26  Cumberland  street—  RiMnnster. 

Kavanasrh,  Patrick,  25  Rathmines  terrace— Lalxinrer 

K;ivanagh,   Peter,  4  Ross  road— Plumber's  assistant. 

Kavana.gh,  Patrick.  4   Ross  road— Fitter's  assistant. 

Kavanagh,    Jas.,    8    Rishon   street— Factory    hand. 

Favanao-h,    Michael,    5    Pleasants   street— Clerk. 

Kavanaffh     AVm  ,    5    Pleasants   street— Clerk 

Kc"v     M'chael,   4   Poole's   Arch,  Dublin— Labourer. 

Kelly!    Thos.,    1    Lambert  Cottages,   off    Linn    st  — 
Labourer. 

F>"y,   Picaard,   3  S*h    Concenter  st. — Labourer. 

JvVllv!  Pafk.,  5  St.   N'Vho'as  road— Stationery 

KennV.    Charles,    7     Richmond    place,     Portohello— 
Wood  cutter. 

Kenny.  James.   31    Te^n'st^r   road— House   serent. 

Kerford,   Patk.,  59   Marlborough   street— Newsman 
jC"M-n-n"    E<]..  13  Camden   row  -Storekeeper 


Jo 


Kin-.!' 

Hi 
Knight 
1  amga 
I  a  ti/r, 

I  ar"an     Michael, 
Lawler,    Ed  ,    11 

IraveUer. 
I.avrten.   Matthew, 
Leonard,   Michael. 

street— Gas  s 
Leonard,  Jos.,  29 
Lindsay,  John,  l 
Lyng,    Thos..    53 


avenue,    Ranelafth- 
rter. 


\nT>ville 
►irider    edge  g'tdor. 
Michael.    16   Gardiner's   nlaee-- 
Park.    Ki'mnre  road.    \r+ane —  Labourer, 
neis.  9   Shannon   road-Civ     S«r      C  P  O. 

1?    Wa'erfnrd    st-vot— Munitions. 

New    Grove    avenue— Commercial 


105  Parnell   <t<reet— Me'^icrrr. 
2  G  rattan    Cottages,  off  G  rat  tan 


Nottingham  st.— Electrician. 

Primrose    ave.— Railway    guard. 
Lr.      Clanbrassil      street. — Pawn- 
broker's assistant. 
Lvnch    Daniel,   46   Marlborough   st.— Labourer  Gen. 
Lynch!   John,  25   Annesley 


I'vons   Geo.,   14   Duke  street— Printer's  cle 
[anon,  John,  6  tinker's  lane— Engine  dri 


Car  owner, 
miter's  clerk. 
:— Engine  driver, 

Marion    James— 6   Dukcr's  lane—  Labourer. 

Malone    Rol>ort,  17   Pigeon   House  road— Labourer. 

M alien  '  James,    19   George's  quay— Hair   dresser. 

Mannerin™     Ed.,   15   Ch'arlemont  6t.— Labourer. 

M'Cabe    Patrick,   13  Townsend   st.— Coach   painter. 

M'Carthy,   Bernard,  32   Penrose  street,   Ringsend— 
Jeweller.  «.«'•„  „    ,  , 

IMrCline     Hubert,    82  Lr.  Gardiner   sf,.— Bookkeeper. 

Kf'Dermbtt,    Joseph,    12b    Mark   street— Bootmaker. 

M'Oinn    Michael  0..  Stranville,  Strand  road— Clerk. 

ht'Cratn    John,  20  East  Essex  st.— Warehouseman. 

\i  hi  una     Joseph,    CO.    M.    Redmond,    Forgo,   Mill- 
town-  Morse  shoer. 

M'Ix)ughlin,    I'atrick,    Sandymount    Castle— Ilandy- 

UJili. 


M'Mahon,   John   J..   113    Mid.    Abbey   St.— Property 

master 
McNamara,  John,   114  Main  street,  Bray— Draper's 

assistant. 
Meagher,    Michael,    27    Sandwith    place— Carpenter. 
Meagher,    Patk.,    27    Sandwith    terrace— Joiner. 
Miller,  Geo..   Booterstown  avenue.      Willow      Park- 
Groundsman. 
Moriarty,    Denis,    11    Heytesbury    street — Baker. 
Mullaly,  Joseph,  38^  Talbot  street— Grocer's  asst. 
Murphy,    Peter,    32    Trospect    avenue,    Glasnevia— 

Labourer. 
Murphy,   John,    4    Lr.    Leeson    street— Baker       and 

confectioner. 
Murphy,   Jas.,      248       Mouutpleasant      Buildings- 
Labourer. 
Murray,  Joseph,   3   Hamilton    row—  Labourer. 
Mm  ray,     Frank,     Verbina    House.        Drumcondra — 

Student. 
Murray,    Chris.,    13    Waterford    street— Porter. 
Martin,  Joseph,   49  Heytesbury   street— Brass  fitter. 
M 'Bride,    Patk.,    12    Boyne    street— Messenger. 
M'Cabe,    Wm.,    58    Lr.    Dominick      streets-Smith's 

helper. 
M'Carthy,   Michael,  16  Annavilla  avenue,  Ranelagh 

—Painter. 
McDermott,     Owen,    Artane    village— Carpenter. 
M'Dowell,     Cecil,     1     Prospect    place— Architect. 
M'Mahon.   John.   5   Sandwith   street— Clerk. 
Mollov,  Joseph,  2  Palace  street— Dockyard  labourer. 
Murphy,   Wm.,    35    Sth     William    st.— Coat    maker. 
Murphy,    Charles,   7    Albert  nlace.    E.— Clerk. 
Murray,  JaS.,    24    Michael's  lane— Carter. 
Navin,    Michael    R..    13    Seaforth    avenue,    Sandy- 
mount—  Porter. 
Nolan,  Patrick,   171   Townsend  street—  Wheelwright. 
Nolan     Peter,    2    Turner's    Cottages,    Ballsbridse— 

Tram  Coy. 
O'Brien,    Tim,    3    Charleville   road— Teacher. 
O'Brien.  Patk.  V.,  43  Lombard  st..  W.— Corporation 

employe. 
O'Brien,    Peter,    8    Duke's    lane— Cabinet-maker. 
O'Ryrne.    Wm.,    6   Seaforth    avenue— Van    driver. 
O'Byrne",    Thos.,    6   Seaforth   avenue— Motor    driver. 
O'Connor,    Joseph,    11     Tlarty    place— Clerk. 
O'Connor.    Joseph,    7    Rathmines   terrace— Provision 

assistant 
O'Connor,    Thos.,    14    Adelaide    road,    Sandyeove— 

Plumber. 
O'Connor.    AIL.   82    Lr.   Gnrdiier    «it.— Junior    clerk. 
O'Donagh'ie,    Thos.,    19   En     Sheriff   street— Clerk, 
O'Dnffv.   James   P.,    1^2  Pathnames  road— Clerk. 
O'Gradv.    Anthony.    33b    Nicholas    street— Draper's 

porter. 
O'TTanlon.    John.    12    Queen's    sim re— Caretaker. 
O'learv,    Arthur    Homestead.    Cabra— Caretaker. 
O'Malley     Chris.,    1    Lr     Rockingham   st  -Clerk. 
O'Mara    Peter.  46  John   Dillon  street— Rook   maker 
window    dresser. 

Patk:.6Lr.  St.   Cnlumha's  rd  — «  S  clerk. 
Andrew.    107    P^ilwav   street— Porter. 
My.  Chris,   12   Sandwith   place—  La wy°r 
illy    P°fk.    95   Townsend   street— Grocer's  a«H 
Ri'-hard.    13    Cardiff    lane.    South    Wall- 
Messenger. 

>,    Thos..    169    Parnell    street—  Lahourer. 
cr     -Tames.    44    John     Dillon    street— Tailor. 
[.;■     Wm..  51-6  Conioration    lliiildings—  Labourer 
in.    Patk.,   81    Marlborough   street— Yardman. 
Owen,   21   Warrenmoiint  place— Upholsterer. 
Patk..   62   Gt.    Brunswick   street— Workman. 

Philip,    82    Lr.    Gardiner    st.— Canvasser. 
Thos.,     2    Adelaide    place— Labourer. 
John,  26  Hanover  street  E.— Assistant. 
Rafierty.  Thos.,  59  Duffcrin  ave.,  S.C.R. — Carpen- 
ter. 
Reilly,  James,   33  Summerhlil — Carter. 
Reilly,'  Robt.,  24  Upper  Gloucester  place — Carrier. 
Ribton,   Thos.,    21    Delahunty's  Buildings— Porter. 
Robinson,    Thos.,    2    Park    View,    Ashtown— Clerk. 
Rowle/.    Wm.,   24   Bath    avenue,    Ringscnd    road- 
Painter. 
Ryan    Cornelius.    42   Castle  sf.— General    worker. 
p'van'  John,  43  Patrick  St..  Kingstown— Van  driver. 
Ryan,   John,   74    Parnell   st. — Barman. 
Scully,   Thos.,  7   Pitt  street — Seaman. 
Shelly,    John,    3    Waterford    street — Rulloekman. 
Slack,    Patk.,   4    Young's    Collages — Labourer. 
Smith,    Albert,    3    Charlewont    Mall,     1'ortobcllo— 
Porter. 


and 
O'Monre. 
O'NoiU. 


0'R< 

O'Pi 
Pari 


Pender 
Phelan 

Porter, 
Power. 
Purcell 
Quinn, 
Ouinn, 


77 


Tannan,    Michael    A.,   rear   3   Wilton   terr.,    Dublin 

—Clerk. 
Tevercuse,    Patk.,   17    Lower  Gardiner  street— Black- 
smith. 
Thaeka berry,     Wm„    1    Cbarlgrove    terr.,    S.C.R. — 

Baker. 
Timbrenan,  Tobias,   Ballagh,   Monastercvan. 
Tobin,    Patk.,   4   Cottage    place —  Labourer . 
Tobin,    Martin,    7    Alain    St.,    Bluckroek — Grocer's 

assistant. 
Trayner,    Thos..   20  Synnott    place— Boot   maker. 
Treuey.    Jas.,    10  Tramway    terrace,   Sandymount — 

Tram  conductor. 
Tully,     William.    18    Upper      Gloucester      place — 

Labourer. 
Tully.  Geo.,    18   Upper  Gloucester  place — Filer. 
Turner,    Frank.    10   Suinmerhill — Machinist. 
Turner,    Joseph.    10  Sumrrrcrhill — Concreter. 
Tyrell.  Jas..    77    Upper   George's   St..   Kingstown — 

Electrician 
Walker.   John.  6  rigcon   House   rond — Labourer. 
Wail,   Michael    P.,    5    Eldpn    terr.— Stone-cutter. 
Wall.    Wm,,    3    Eldon  terr. — Marble    polisher. 
Wal)x>le.    Leo.,    3    Ranelagh    rond — Tailor. 
AValsh,  Richard,   22  Lr.   Kevin  st.— Baker. 
Walsh,     Colman,     95     Talbot    st.— Tailor. 
Ward,    Balk.,   81    Bath    avenue— Van    driver. 
Waters,   Jas.,   8   E.   James  st. — Labourer. 
Welch,    Jas..    12    Turner's    Cottages,    Ballsbridge — 

Coal  merchant. 
Williams,      l'atk.,      25      Stafford     street— Labourer, 

Corporal  ion. 
Woodcock,     Wm.,    16    Lr.    Grand    Canal    st.— Case 

maker. 

List    from    Kilmalnfcam. 

Allen     George,    Boys'    TTome.    Abbey   street 

Arnold.   James,  47    Dolphin's  Barn  street,   Dublin. 

Barry.  Joseph,  32    Parliament   street. 

Breen     Patrick.    16    litzwilliam    lane. 

Buckley.  J..    High   street,  Cork— Draper's  assistant. 

Parke  'Michael.    8    Basin   lane. 

15>rne    James,   49    Albion    terrace. 

Byrne"    Joseph.    10    Braithwaite    street. 

Carter.  John,   13   Denzille  slreet.   Merrion  square. 

Clarke,  James,   72   Middle   Abbey   street. 

Condron.   William.   3    MuMins   terr.,   Grove  road 

Coney     Patk.  J  ,   1   Springfield  terr.  Dolphin's  Barn. 

Cooney     William.   17    Prebend  street. 

Cooper,    John.    43    Lanark    street. 

Cullen,'  Thomas.    26    Lauderdale    (err.    New    Row. 

Cullen.'  William,  3  St.  Joseph's  terr.,  Philipsburg  Av. 

Cu'len,   Michael.   37    High   street. 

Cunningham,    Palk  .  3    High    street. 

Cunningham,  John.   3    High  street. 

Darby,   Charles     8    West    Essex    street. 

Darcv.    John,    15    TyrcomiPl    street.    Inchicore. 

Dariicy.  John    E.,  9  Clonlifle  avenue. 

howling,   Michael.    Buckingham   place. 

Dovle,    Thomas,   1    Queen's    lane. 

Dov'e,   William     23    N     Frederick  street. 

Puff  v.   James,    202    Ph-'hsborough    road. 

Pugiran.    Edward.    Hallvheada.    Ballinhassig,    Cork. 

Dunne.   Frank,    1    Clonmore   road. 

Far-Fell.  Joseph.  11    Prebend  street. 

Farreli.v,   James,    26    Paruell    street. 

Fairington,    Leo,    Boys'   Home,    Abbey  street. 

Filey,    Matthew.    70    Rialto    Buildings. 

Fitzpatrick,    Thos.,    2a    Bride    street. 

Fitzpatrick,    Martin,    92    Emmet    road. 

Gibson,  Edward,  31  St.   Michael's  terr.,  Blackpitta. 

Giffuey,   Michael,   10  Seville  place  Cottages. 

Gdgan,  John.    194   ETathgar   road. 

Halpin,  Joseph,  7  St.  Joseph's  parade. 

Halpin,   James    Francis,    3    Goldsmith   street. 

Humphreys,    Richard,   54  Northumberland  road. 

Kellv,   Daniel,   2a    Bride   street. 

Kelly,  Michael  Joseph,   1   Bailey's  row,  Snmmerhill. 

Kelly,   Thomas',    13   St.    Augustine  street. 

Felly,    Patk.    Bealan.    29   Cabra    Park,    Dublin. 

Kenny,  Joseph,   160  Phibsborongh  road. 

King    Leo,    4    Sackville    Gardens. 

Lambert,    Thomas,    Old    Bridge    House,    Milltown. 

Larkin.  John,  160   PhibsboroiiEh   road. 

Leeson,  John,    Hackett's   Court.   Capel    street. 

J.rnnon,   Michael   John,  6   IxingwoorJ  avenue. 

Lyndon,    Patrick,    15    Eta il way    street, 

Lynch,   James,   2   Coram  sire**,  S.C.R-. 


Macken,   Aloysius.  44  Mount.ioy  square. 

Magee.  George,   40  Corn   Market. 

Magnire.    John.    86    Capel   street. 

Manning,   Michael,   5   Thomas   Davis  street,   Golden 

Bridge. 
McGilT,    Edmund,  5  Phibsborongh   place. 
McMahon,   Dan.  Joseph,   2  Richmond  row,  Portobello. 
Moore,,    Batk.,    16    St.    Joseph's   sq.,    Vernon    ave., 

C'ontarf. 
Moore,    Peter,   5   Lower  Gloucester  street. 
Morgan,    Henry,    14    Henrietta   street. 
Moroney,    Thomas,    18    Werbnrgh    street. 
Murphy,    Joseph,    Donoghue   street. 
Murphy;    Thomas,    26    Ring's   terrace. 
Newman,  John.    Marine    Lod^e,    Fairview. 
Nolan.  John,   13  Upper  Mayor  street. 
Norries,   David   Henry,   Memorial   Hall,  Londonderry 
Nugent,    Michael,    77    Angel    street. 
O'Brien.   Stephen,  3   Tivoli    avenue. 
O'Connell.    Edward.   8   Corn    Market. 
O'Connor    Patk.   Main  street.   Rathfarnham—  Draper 
O'Kellv.  John,    32    Connaught    street. 
0  Kelly,   Frank.    10   Castlewood    place,   Rathminea. 
O'Neill,   George.   9    York    Villas. 
O'Reilly,   John,    43   Geraldinc    street. 
O'Toole,  William,  31    Lower  Erne  street. 
Parker,    George,    10    R"nt!and    square. 
Plielan,   Thomas.    160   Phibsborongh   road. 
Oiiinn.  Hugh.   41    Rlessington  street. 
Rowman,    William,   77    Angel   street. 
Sard,    Juntas,    37    Park    View   terr..  Brookfield   road. 
Stables',  Michael.  63   Murtagh   road. 
Sfritch.  James,  Si    Mountiov  street. 
Sweeney.    M'i-h.el.   5    Harold's  Crocs. 
Tallon,' Jo"A>     Brana   Villas  2   N     Richmond  st. 
Wall.    Th.'JTs   31    Liffey  street. 
W'helan,    Patk.,    1    Lr.    Sherrard   street. 
W'helan,  John,  James's  street  Warehouse 

List    from    Arbour    Hill. 

Reggs,    Joseph,   Th<»    Square     Skerries—  T':-,,*Tiongev. 

Bpi.i-    .To'in.  4  Swift's  row— Sheet  metal  worker. 

Cadden.  Matthew,  J.,  22  Gt.  Ship  st,.  Dublin— Tailor 

Corcoran.   Patk.,   42    Waterford   St.— Asst.   dentist. 

Cusack,  John,  32  Dargle  road,  Drumcoudra — Car- 
penter. 

Da'v.  James.  Cluny,  Clontarf—  Fitter  and  turner. 

fVrham.  Rbt.,  Hoar  Rock.  Skerries— Motor  mehanic 

Dunne.    Patk..    35    Vicar  slreet,    Dublin— Driver. 

Du  Bonrdieu,  Arthur,  50  Park  ave.,  Sandy  mount — 
Asst.   Supt.    Tel.,    G.P.O 

Farrr'i  John,  60  Up.  Domiuick  st.,  Dublin— 
Chaul'i'.ur. 

Fitzgerald,   Leo,   173   Gt.   Brunswick   st.— Painter. 

Fitzgerald,  Thomas,  173  Gt.  Brunswick  St.— Painter, 

Fitzgerald,  James,  173  Gt.  Brunswick  st.— Painter. 

Gauly,    William,    Balliiiiiliam,   Skerries — Farmer. 

Gibbons,    Pete-,    Ballingham,    Skerries — Farmer. 

Gibson,    James,    115    James's   street — Labourer. 

Gibson,    Denis,   115   James's  street — Porter. 

Griffiths,    Nicholas,   32    Benburb  St.— Shop   assistant. 

Griffiths,  Patrick,  32   Benbnrb  st.— Shop  assistant. 

Griffiths,  William,  52  Benburb  st.,  Dublin— Motor 
mechanic. 

Hand,    Thomas,     Milverton.    Skerries — Traveller. 

Jenkinson,  Wm.,  37   Up.  Gardiner  street— Labourer. 

Jordan,    Patk.,   34    Usher's  quay— Labourer. 

Keane,    Peter,  Strand   street.   Skerries — Teacher. 

Keogh.    Patk.,    115   James's  streetr—  Baker. 

Kilmartin,  Patk.,  24  Stoney  batter,  Dublin— Shop- 
keeper. 

Lacey.  Michael,  Strifelnnd.  Balbriggan— Blacksimfh 

Leggett.    Rbt.,    3    Hardwicke   pi..    Dublin— Painter. 

Lynch,   James,   4   Prussia   lane— Labourer. 

Maguire,    Denis,    Strifeland,    Balbriggan— Farmer. 

Ma'Miire,    Thilip,   36    Thomas   street — Labourer. 

McCarthy,    D.,    Blessington  st..  Coach   builder. 

McCormack,  Peter,  92  Lr.  Dorset  st.,  Dublin— Vaa« 
man. 

McDermott,  Patk..  Dmmcliff.  Co.  Sligo— Labourer. 

McDonald.  Joseph,    115   James's  street— Labourer. 

McGuinness,  Joseph,  Cross  st..  Skerries— Bootmaker 

Mcllugh,   William,  115  James's  street — Labourer. 

McHugh,    Miles,    115  James's   street^Labourer. 

AlcIIuo-h,    Edward,    115    James's    street — Messenger. 

Mcllugh,     Patk.,    115    James's    street — Messenger! 

Moore,   J.  Win.  26  Stoney batter.    Dublin-Traveller. 

ilonm,  John,  Phccuix  Hill— Clerk, 


78 


Munster,  Thomas.  121  Chord  road,  Drogheda— 
Chauffeur. 

Oglesby,  Joseph,  12  St.  George's  place— Labourer. 

OToole,    John,    115    James's    street— Labourer. 

O'Reilly.     Thomas,     North     Bank,     Skerries— Baker. 

0  K'eiily,  John,  80  Delahunt.v's  Building's  Dublin— 
Plumber's  assistant. 

Reynolds,  Henry,  Balbriggan  st.,  Skerries— Ware- 
houseman. 

Ryan,    Michael,   115  James's  street— Labourer. 

Sbanley,    Michael,     Hoar    Rock,    Skerries— Vanman. 

Sheridan,  John,  91  St.  Ignatius  road,  Dublin — 
Grocer's  assistant. 

Sherlock,    John,    Town    Park.    Skerries—  Labourer. 

Shiels,    Joseph,    Cross   street,    Skerries— Clerk. 

Tallon,  -lames,  2  Brana  Villas,  N.  Richmond  st.— 
Clerk. 

Tarpey,    Patk.,    7    Inns   quay— Clerk. 

VVhelau,  Daniel,  20  Middle  Gardiner  st.— Carpenter. 

203    TO    STAFFORD    ON    8th    MAY. 

The  following  list  of  203  prisoners  who 
were  removed  from  Richmond  Barracks, 
Dublin,  on  the  8th  May,  1916,  and  lodged 
in  Stafford  Detention  Barracks  on  9th  May, 
1916,  was  issued  on  Sunday,   14th  May: — 

Allen,   A.,    3    Castle   street,    Enniscorthy. 

Alexander,   W.,  4    Brookfield  avenue,   Blaekrork. 

Barnes,  J.,  St.  James's  Park,   Falls  road,  Belfast. 

Barrett,    J.,    13    Dublin    street,    Diindalk. 

Black,  E.,  1  Hospital  lane,  Enniscorthy. 

Roland,  C.   11    Upper   Abbey  street. 

Royne,    W.,   50    Irish   street,    Enniscorthy. 

Brandon.  J.,  45  Temple  road,  Blaekrork,  Co.  Dublin. 

Byrne.   J.,    19    Island   road,    Enniscorthy. 

Byrne,   P.,   Island   road,    Enniscorthy 

Byrne,   J.,    117    I.r.   Georgc'cs  street, ,  Kingstown. 

Bullin,    E.,   Derrinlough    House,   Birr. 

Cahill,  M.,  Shannon    II ill,   Enniscorthy 

Carney,  F    J-,  24  Cadogan  road,  Fa'rview. 

Carolan.  M.,  80  Chief  street.  Belfast. 

Carroll     J.,    27    Irish    street,    Enniscorthy, 

Carty.  M.,   1   Slancv  street,    Enniscorthy. 

Casey    P.,  Castletown   road,   Dundalk. 

Chanman,  T.,   Busherstown,   Ballynetty.  Co.  Wexford 

Chapman,  P.,  Busherstown.  Ballynetty,  Co    Wexfoid 

Colsau,    P.,  23    Leinste.r  Cottaire,   do. 

Clear    T.,  5"'   Agincourl  avenue,   Belfast. 

Coady,  J.,   Irish  street,  Enniscorthy. 

Coady,   P..    Irish  street,   Enniscorthy. 

Coady,    J.,    21    Irish    street.    Enniscorthy. 

Cordon.   J.,    River    road  Cottages,    CastleUnocK. 

Connor   j\l.,    John    street,    Enniscorthy 

Connors,   P ,   Hospital   lane,   Enniscorthy. 

Connolly,   M.,  58    Lower  Gloucester  street.    Dublin. 

Conway.    J.,    do. 

Corish,    R.,   35    William   street,    Wexford 

Courtney,  C.  5    New    Eutiiscptthy.  Co    Wexford 

Courtney,    J.,    Ross    road,    Enniscorthy. 

Courtney,    W.,    Ross    road.    Enuisconhy. 

Collen,    T.,    Oibhcrpalrick.    Co     Wexford. 

Culleo,    M  ,    Ko^s   road,    Enniscorthy. 

Cnllen,   J.,   6  Court,  street.    Enniscorthy 

Cummins,  M.,  49  South  Gt.  George's  street. 

Dairy,    P.,    27    Upper   Abbey  street. 

Darcy,  P.,  Woodsidc,   Dalkey. 

Davis,   M.,   Lower  Church  street,   Enniscorthy. 

Derham,  M.,   2  St.   Joseph   street.   Synnot    place. 

Devcreux,   T.,    Oeaiieastle,    Bannow.  Co.    Wexford. 

Devitt,   B.,  47  St.  Mary's  road,  North  Wall. 

Dohcrtv,   J.,  Tramway   Cottages,   Sandy  mount. 

Donoghue,  J.,   Ross  road,   Enniscorthy. 

Donnelly,   N.,  31  Templeshatinon,   Enniscorthy. 

Doiin,  I).,  5  Hill   View  terrace,   Enniscorthy. 

I)  jody,    P  ,  66  Jervis  .street. 

R&olan,    J.,    3a    John    street.    Enniscorthy. 

Doyle,   T  ,    Lower   Church   street,,    Enniscorthy. 

Doyle,  P.  J.,  Temple  Shannon,  Enniscorthy. 

A.   (jun.),  Shannon   Hill,   Enniscorthy. 
Doyle,  R..  66  Irish  street,  Enniscorthy. 
Dovio,  T.,  Shannon   II  ill,   Enniscorthy 
Doyic,    a.,    Shannon    Hill,    Enniscorthy. 
]).,    BoiiTCiien,   J„   50   Parte   avenue,   Sandy  mount. 
Rwyer,    J.,    llospital    lane,    Enniscorthy 
Elicit,    L..   2   Eillou   terrace,   PhibwUuuugh. 


Ennis.  M.,  Tnmalassat,  Enniscorthy. 

Funis,   M.,   Ballinkeel,  Co    Wexford. 

Farnon,     L„    10     Hollybrook    roid.    Clonta'f 

Farrell,  II  ,  Somerset  street,  Ballsbridere.  H  M  ex- 
Launch  125.  c/o  Coastguard  Office,  Queeu*- 
town. 

Fielding,   T.,    Seaview,    Barntown,   Co.   Wexford. 

Finn,  E.,  27  Brook  field,   Black  rock. 

Fitzharris,   J.,   Clonafton,   Enirsroi'thy. 

Fitzpat.rirk,    P..    15  Court   street,    Enniscorthy. 

Fitzpatrick     M.,    66   Bride  street. 

Fortune,   F.,  55  Marlljorougb  street. 

Fortune.   W..  5  Slaney  place,   Enniscorthy. 

Fox,    B.,    Brookfield    avenue.    Elaekrock. 

Fox    T,  Miin  street,  Maryborough 

Franklin.  J.,   60   St     John   street.    Enniscorthy. 

Franklin,    M  ,   St     John    street,    Enniscorthy 

Furloncr  J.,  Barer  Common,  Clear istown.  Co.  Wex- 
ford 

Oahin.    W.,    Duffrcy   street.    Enniscorthy 

Garrett,  J.,  Temple  Shannon,   Enniscorthy 

Gascoigne.  -I  .  74  Brook  fie  Id  Buildings,  BlackrocJt, 
Co.    Dublin 

C.oodall,   J.,    Maudlins    Folly.    Enniscorthy 

Gorman,  W.,  3  t'rban  Council  terrace,  Fnniscnrthj 
(home  address.  12  Yergemouut,  Clouskeago, 
Co.    Dublin). 

ITayes.  T.   J.,   6  Court   street,   Enniscorthy. 

Hayes,    T.     7    Court,    street,    Enniscorthy, 

Heft'ernan,    M.,   ftlyra    Lodge,    Inchnore 

Hegarty.    J  ,    11     Eden    terrace,    Kingstown. 

Hendrick,   W.;  2   New   street     Eiinisrorthy 

Rickey.    B  ,    Grove   View.    Stillo'iiau 

Holbroke,    XL,    T'Triplesh  union.    Eiinisrorthy. 

Holmes.    D,   17    Railway   streel,   Dublin. 

Ilutcliin.    W,    117    Lpper    Abltf-y    strt-t-t. 

Ilvlarid,    .1  .    11     Lower    Bridue   street. 

Hatpin,    P.,    Burn's    row,    Dundalk. 

Haves,  J.,   Bridgeton,   Co.   Wexford. 

Iloran.  M..  2  Anglesey  avenue,   Blaekrork 

Irwin,  C.  J.,  Kilcannon   House.  Enniscorthy. 

Jordan.    J.,    11     New    street,    Enniecoi  thy. 

Kane,   C,    145   Townsend  street. 

Kavanagh.    P.,    35    John    street.    Enniscorthy. 

Kavanasfh,  M     (astleconnor,   Ralfina. 

Kavanagh,  J„  Gibberwell,  Duiirormirk,  Co.  Wexford 

Keegan,    P.,    10    Irish    street,    Enniscorthy. 

Kecffe,    P.,    Hospital   lane.    Enniseorthv. 

Bntlybough.   Bridgetown,   Wexford. 
triversdaie,   Enniscorthy. 


Keho 
Kehoe,  P. 
Keboe,  J. 
Krh  te,  P. 
Kelly,  M. 
Keilv.  P.. 
Keogh,  P. 
KiiiQ-arroff 

Co. 
I  neev  .1 
[aeey.  J 
Masuire, 
M  ago  ire, 
M«her  -l  . 
Maher,  n 
Maher,   T 


Pairnaireree, 
Skewer    pirk 
Corduff,  do. 
S'nuev    st-et. 

15    Po'pti: 


Cirri. 


iiiscorthy. 

town,   Co. 


Wexford. 


F"tiiscorttu 
Barn    street. 


Mev. 


f.    T.,    Olaremorris,    Co.     Mayo    (Dunmora 
Gal  way). 
Shannon    Tf ill.   Enniscorthy. 
Temple  Shannon.    Eiinisrorthy. 
J  ,  C"w   Hill,   Muvnooth. 
M.,   Crew    Hill,    Minnonih,   Co.    Kildare. 
1Q    Cross    avenue     Kingstown. 
29    I  ona'ford    avenue.    S.C  R 
33    Inland    rn'<d..  Enniscorthy. 
71   Summerhill,  Dublin. 
,    Ma.vooth     Co     Kildare. 
21    Summerhill. 
,   Gibberpa trick,   Co.    Wexford. 

George   street,    Enniscorthy. 
Victoria    lane,    Botanic    avennA 


Mardock,   W  ,  Oil 
M'Carthy,   T.,    17 
M'Gowan,    J.;    3 
Drnmcondra 
M'Macken,  B.,  80  Cliief  street,  Belfast. 
place,   Co.    Wexford. 
Forest,  Cloughran 


Moran,   J„    I'iory 
Moran,  P.,  Little 
Moran,  T„   Johnstown,    Duucormick,   Co.   Wexford. 
Moran,    M..    I'iory    place,    Co.    Wexford. 
Moran,   J.,  Church    street,    Enniscorthy. 
Murpny,    P.,    Lower  Church   street,    Enniscorthy. 
Murphy,   J.,   4    Main   street,    Enniscorthy. 
Murphy,  P.,   14  New  street,  Enniscorthy. 
Murphy,  J.,  Old   Hall  Bridge  Town,  Co.  Wexford. 
Murphy,  W.,  2  New  Range,  Enniscorthy. 
Murpliv,  .1 ..   15   Ross  road,    Enniscorthy. 
Murphy,   P.,  31   Templeshannon,    Enniscorthy. 
Murray,    15..  2H    Ross   road,    Enniscorthy. 
Nash,  P.,  52  Gibson  street,  Belfast. 
Neill    J.,   Hospital  lane,   Enniscorthy. 
Nolan,  M.,  3  Hospital  lane,  Enniscorthy. 
O'Brien,  J  ,  *n  Dish  street,  Enniscorthy. 
OBiiji    U.«    4  8    Irish  street,    Enniscorthy. 


79 


O'Brien,  M..  Hospital  lane,  Enniscorthy. 

O'Connell,   R.,  9  Main  street,   Blackrock. 

O'Connor,   D.,  11    Main  street  Enniscorthy. 

O  Donoghue.   II.,    12    J.eesoii    Park. 

O  DriscoII,  R.,  Ashtown. 

O'Hara     P.,  4  Swift   row. 

O'Kane,  J„  4  Divis  Drive,  Falls  road,  Belfast. 

O  Kecgan,   T.,    Irish   street,    Enniscorthy. 

O  Leary,    P.,   36    East  Essex   street. 

O  Neil!.  J.,  Fiory   Hill,   Enniscorthv. 

O  Neill,   M.,   8   Irish  street,   Enniscorthy. 

O  Reilly,   J.,   Temple    Shannon.   Enniscorthy. 

O  Re  illy,    J.,    Bruce,   Clonevin,   Gorey. 

O  Shea,  J.,  Knocktophcr,   Tonistown,   Co.   Kilkenny. 

Osborne,   II.,  69  Smithiield  Belfast. 

Parker.  T.,  12  Hollaf  row.  Dublin  (Pte.  2nd  LeioS 
ter  Regiment). 

Reddin,   G.   M.,   Rockfield,   Artane. 

Reddin,    K.,    Rorkli'eld,    Artane. 

Reddin,  T.,   Rockiield,   Artane. 

Redmond,   E.,   15   Court   street,    Enniscorthy. 

Rcinhardt,   VV.  J.,   12   Bolton  street. 

Reynolds,     P.,    16    Clonmore     road,     Ballybough. 

Eijrl^j.    P      10   Court    street,    Enniscorthy 

Rinar,  P.,  6  Sackville  Gardens,   Ballvlwngh  road. 

Robinson,  J..  10   Robson  street,  Glasgow. 

Ropers,  M..  Hermitage  Lodsie,  Rathfarnham. 
Ros^ter    J.,   62  St.   Julin   street.    Enniscorthy. 
Rovce,   W.,  6  Slanev  street.   Enniscorthy. 
Ruth,    VV.,   72   John   street,    Enniscorthy. 

Ryan,     P.,    Colliustowti,    Cloghran. 
Sharkey.  T.,  7    Dublin   street.   Dnndalk. 
Sheeh m,    P.,    28    Irish    street,    Enniscorthy. 
Shcrwin,    P.,    New   Hag'-iard,    Lusk. 
Shiel,    M  ,    30   Slanev    street     Enniscorthy. 
Simott.    J.,    8    Main    street.    Enniscorthy. 
Sinnott.    1.    D.,   21    Slanev    place,    Enniscorthy. 
Smyth,    P.,   3  Castle   street,    Enniscorthv. 
Stafford.    W.,   Cools    Buruton.  Co.    Wexford 
Stafford,   T.,    Cools   Barnton,    Co.    Wexford. 
Stafford.  J.,  Scarmill,    Duncormiek.  Co.    Wexford. 
Stokes.   T.,  II  Duffy  street.   Enniscorthy. 
Synnott,  J.,  7  G rattan   terrace,  Wexford. 
Thorpe.  W.,  Shannon    Hill,    Enniscorthy. 
Thome,  VV'.,  Shannon   Hill.  Enniscorthy. 
Treanor.  T.,   Island    View   Cottasre.    Enniscorthy. 
Tumbleton,    P..    Marv    street,    T^nniworthy. 
Tyrell,  P.,  10  Dnffrey  Hill.  Enniscorthy. 
Walker,  J.,  37   Addison  road     Fairview. 
Walker,  M.,  37  Addison  road.  Fairview. 
Walsh.  J.,  29  Connibe  street.  Dublin. 
Walter.  J.   J..    Maxwell    terrace.    Dundalk. 
Welsh,   P..  Old  Church.  Enniscorthy,  Co.   Wexford. 
Whelan,   J.,   lo    New    street.    Enniscorthy. 
Whelnn,   J.,   .lobn   street,    Enniscorthy. 
White.    M..  Ca^t'e  strict.   Enniscorthy 
"Williams    TI.,  72  Cadogun   road.  Fairview 
Wilson.   M.,   48    N.    Gt.   George's  st.    (2    Nth.    Kint? 

St.,  Dublin). 
Wilson,    .1.,    2    Hospital    Inn**.    Enniscorthy. 
Wilson.    R.,    Hospital    lane,    Enniscorthy. 

197   TO    WANDSWORTH    ON    9th    MAY. 

The  following  list  of  197  prisoners  wW  ".fn 
removed  from  Richmond  Barracks,  Di-olin. 
511  May  8th,  and  lodged  in  Wandsworth  De- 
tention Barracks,  London,  on  May  9th,  wai 
issued  on  Monday,  15th  May  :— 

V-mos,   George.   21    Chapel   street,   Alhlone. 

Vrmstrong,  James,  Gal  bally. 

.iarnes.    Michael,    Ferns,    Co.    Wexford. 

Sanies.    Thomas,   Ferns,    Co.    Wexford. 

Jovan,  Joseph,  58   Lower  Dnniinick  street. 

Soland,   VVm.,   8   Sackville   place. 

*oylan,    Edward,     Dunbo.vne,    Co.    Mealh. 

loylan,    Peter    John,    and   Joseph,   same   address. 

Jrncken.  Joseph,  106  St.   Lawrence  road.  Dublin. 

*rady,    Christopher,    32 1  Foley    street. 

Jreen,   Miles,    Finnish    Rule.   Co.    Wexford. 

Jrecn,   Joseph.    Finnish    Rule,   Co.    Wexford. 

Ireunan,    Mathew,   Camolin     Co.    Wcxlotd. 

ircslin,    James    Francis,    Ferns 

Srown.    Arthur.    9   Chapel   av.,    Irishtown,    Di-'-**^». 

lurke.   Thomas.    92    Duleek   street.    DmirhcJ*. 

turke     Wm      U8:  .P.inicll.  street.    Dublin 

luike,    Jon,n,    33    Rica  Mond    street,    D***;.!. 

lurke,   V<fc.,   Skebaru,    Petci'a  Well.  Gahvay. 


Burke,  John,   Catherine,    Kenvare    Dublin    (P). 
Byrne,    Wm..   437    N.C.    road,    Dublin. 
Byrne,  John.  62   Meath  street,   Dublin. 
Byrne,   John    Gorey   avenue,    Gorey. 
Carberry,   Charles,   61    Donaghmore,   Co.    Tyrone. 
Lair.   Joseph,   Blackbull,    Drogheda. 
Casidy,  Pairick,  Mullingar. 

Carter,  James,  Charleville  Gardens,   Shanballa.  Gal- 
Coghlan,   Wm.,    81    Charlemont   street,    Dublin 
Collins,   Maurice,    230  Clonliffe   road.    Dublin 
Colllnc?u   M'^hae1.    23    Leigh   st..    Attcliffe    Common, 
Sheffield. 

Cooiey,  Patrick,  Tonroe,   Oranmore.  Galwav 
Condon,    lhomas,  Cloonana,    Ashbourne,    Meath. 

Connelly,  Joseph,   Fire  Station,   Tara  St.,   Dublin 
Connors.    John.    Kilthomas,    Ferns,    Co     Wexford" 
Conroy,   Edward,   Brenloughane,   Galwav 
Cornese  ,I\   J      De   Courcy  square,    Glasnevin 
Cullen,  Alexander,  Fernbank,  Dundrum,  Co    Dublin 
Cummins,   Joseph,   Coldwood,    Athenry 
Cunningham,  John,  Campfield.   Dundnim.Co  Dublin 
Daly,  James,  9  Vance's  Buildings,  Bishop  st.,  Dublia 
Derham,   Joseph,   26    North    Frederick    st.,    Dublia 
Donpghue,    Daniel,    15   Dunore  avenue     Dublin 

I  oy  e,  Patrick,  41  Lr  Camden  street,  Dublin' 
Do.ve,  Henry,  104  South  l.otts  road,  Ringsend 
Doyle,    Michael,    Crawnlord,   Gorey. 

Doyle,  James,   Ferns. 

Duff,  Thomas,  Swords,  Co.  Dublin 

Duke.    Thomas    St.    Margaret's,    Co.    Dublin 

Duke  Richard    same  address. 

Dunbar,    Martin,   Castle    place,    Ferns 

Dunleary.    Christopher.    21    Gray   street.    Dublin. 

Evans,    Robert,   22    Harold's  Cross     Dublin 

Fahy.    Patrick    J.,    Kinvara,    Galway 

Earley,    P.    J..    Swords,     Dublin. 

Farrell,   Derus,   7   Miller   place,   Rutland   st.,   Dublin. 

Farrelly.    James,    Railway    terrace     Ardee. 

Imnigan,    Joseph,    1    Peter    street,    Dro»heda 

VOX,    Peter,    Carrickmore.    Tyrone 

Flannigan,    Thomas,    Merchants    road,  Galway 

Flynn,  Frank.  181   N.C.  road.  Dublin 

Hvnn,    John,    103   Gt.    Brunswick    st  ,    Dublin 

Fuge.  Joseph,  Kilbride,  Courtovvn  Harbour,  Wexford. 

Fuller,  John,   Williamara.  Gahvay 

Gahan,   Joseph.    19    Nicholas  strict     Dublin 

Oalyin,   .Dimes,    18    Blare's    lane,    Watcrford 

Gaskin,  Thos.,  55  Reuben   ave.,  S.C.   road    Publin 

Gaynor,    Patrick,   4    Portobello   square,    Dublin 

Geoghegan    K.    29  Longwood  av.,  S  C.   rd..    Dublin, 

Gleeson,    Martin.    22    Harold's    Cross,    Dublin 

Glynn,    John,    Duras,    Kinvara,    Galway. 

Golding,   Francis.  6  Vincent   street,    Dublin 

Golding,   Thomas.   6    Vincent    street,    Dubiiu. 

Golding    James,   6    Vincent    street,    Dublin 

Grogan,   James,  Tromague,   Carrickmore    Tyone 

Haipin,    'J'homas,    2    Stockwell    lane,    Droshrda 

Hampton,    James,    18    Mary's    Abbey,    Dnnbe 

Hanbiiry     I'.    Donrrora.    Kinvara.   Co    Galtray. 

Hanlon     Michael,   Crushnr,    Kinvara,   Co.   Ga»av 

Jlannigan    Thos.,  19  Great   Western  sq.,   N.C.  road. 

Ifardiman.    Francis.    Town    Hall,    Galway. 

Hart,    Henry,    Dnnsannoh.    Tyrone. 

II  ask  in,   Michael,   "Drogheda   Advertiser"   Offire. 
Hastings,    John,    28    Magdalen    street,    Drnjrrjecfa! 
Hogan,   Patrick,  Alain  street,  Gorey.  Co    Wexford. 
Hogari,    Patrick,    53    Clonliffe    road,    Dublin. 

,  Hogan,   William,   111    ['.p.    Lecson  street,    Dublin 

JIowU.v,    Peter,    Lime    Park,    Petcrsweil.    Galway. 

Hughesi    VViltiam,    Donaghmore.    Tyrone. 

Hi.mphreyS,  James,   Moore  st., Dublin   (49  Praed  st.)' 

H.vnch,   John.    Ferns    Co.    Wexford. 

Jt.vnes.    Thomas,    Cranmore    Court,    Galway. 

Kain,   Thos.,    11    Arran    quay,    Dublin. 
,  Kavanagh,  John  (or  Michel)    Ferns,  Co    Wexford. 

Knvanagh.   J.   J.,   3   Sth.    Prince's  street,    Dublin.  " 

Kavanugh,   Wm.,    Ferns,   Co.    Wexford 

Kecnan,    Ml.,   63    Beamore   road     Drogheaa. 

K(;lly,   Joseph,    11    Upper    Dominick    street,   Dublin. 

Kelly,  Thos.    Charlemoimt.   DunGranhon,  Co    Tjroua, 

Kelly,    Peter.    Swords     Co.    Dublin 

Kellv     Alderman  ,  J.   J.   (since   released). 

Kenny,    Moses.   65    Main   street.   Gorey. 

Kent,    Mathew     P.a  Uvea  rev.    Kvrus.    Co     WexforcL 

Keogh,   Michael,   ;8  S.vngp  street.  Dublin 

Kilkellv,    Michael,   Tftrru.-A     F-maird     (.1    Oalwiy. 

Kilkelly,    Patritli.,    To,w,n£        .auaird     (o    Galwav, 

Kitfsella,    UcIk-K,    Perns     "Jo     Wexford 

Kirwan,   I  nr^   iS.  ai.  Shjp  street.  Dublin. 

D  f 


80 


Leech    Stephen,  Lougheurra.  Kinvara,  Co.  Gahvay. 
]  0"iie    Edward.  21   Usher's  quay,  Dublin. 
Lyons'  Chns.,   14   Portland   place,   Drumcondra. 
Lynch,  John,  5  St.  Joseph's  terr.,  N.C.  road,  Dublin. 
~,*£hum    Chris.,   Dunboyne,  Co.   Meath. 
I'annion,  John,  60  Gantry.  Curraghwell.  Co.  Galway 
M«*hews    Thos.,    Moorhall,   Ardee,   Louth. 
Mathews'   John,  22   Eugene  street,   Dublin. 
MeUduff',  Jas.,  Aughrogan,  Carrickmore,  Tyrone. 
MeCann,    Andrew,   Caskinera,   Gorey. 
McDonagh,  m,  George  street    Gorey.     _ 
McDonald    Edward,  Kilhorea,  Camohn,  Co.  Wexford. 
McFlvcue    Jas.,   Donoghmore.  Co,  Tyrone. 
McElvo°ne!    John,    Dungannon.    Co.    Tyrone. 
McGill  ^William,  Barrack  st.,  Dunmore.  Co.  Galway< 
McGra'nei    Thos..    Seatown,    Dundalk. 
McGuire    James.  26  Prieslon  road,  Dublin. 
SteCuirk',  Patrick.  Crevagh,  Lr.  Garland,  Dungannon 
McManus    Win,   55   Marlborough  street,   Dublin. 
HcTa"",aft,   Thos.,    13    Church   street.   Dundalk. 
MoUov°John,  111  Upper  Leeson  street,  Dublin. 
Moran.'  Chris.,   Swords.  _ 

Moroney    John    33  Sth.  Richmond  street,  Dublin. 
i\l  ul'all.v '   Michael,    Cottage    pi-.    Belvedere,    Dublin, 
jlurphy'  Patrick,    7    Mark's   alley,    Dublin. 
Murphy,   James,    Ferns.   Co.    Wexford. 
Murphy,    Mathew,    Ferns,    Co.    Wexford. 
Murphy     Patrick,    Ferns,    Co.    Wexford. 
Murray     Patrick,    Chapel    lane,    Dublin. 
Kcison    Thomas.  40  Gardiner's  lane,  Dublin. 
Nictioll's,   Geo.,   2   University   road.   Galway. 
Kor°rove,    Alfred,   15  Strandville  avenue,   Dublin. 
Nugent,    Chris.,    Swords. 
O'Rrien,    Wm.     11    Leinster   avenue,    Dublin. 
O'Brien,   Jas.,    Morris   Castle,    Kilmuckridsre.   Gorcy. 
O'Brien'   William,   10   Anna   Villa.  Ranelagh,  Dublin. 
O'Fyrne    John,  Cooleshall   House,  Gorey 
O'Connor,  Thos.  Jos.,  Saggart,  Co.  Dublin.    • 
O'Dwver,    Jas..    20    Rutland    Cottages,    Dublin. 
b'Grady,  Standish.   5    Wilton    nlace,   Dublin. 
O'llehir,   Michael.  31    Little  Strand  street,  Dublin. 
O'Leary,   Philip.  4  Middle  Gardiner  street,  Dublin 
•O'Learv    Cornelius,    Costello     Co    Galway. 
O'Maille     Patrick,    Maam,    Co.    Galway. 
O'Reilly    John  N-,  181    North  Circular  road. 
O' Will",  'John,    111    Upper    Leeson    street. 
O'Neill     Peter,  St.   Michael's  place.  Gorey. 
O'Reillv     Kevin.    181    North    Circular   road. 
O'Rourke    Michael,   Mnree,  Oranmore.  Co.   Galway. 
Piirncll.    Matthew.    38   Snsanville   road     Dublin. 
Pedlar,'  Wm.,   27    Brookfield   terrace,    Dublin. 
Pnole    John     50    Marlhoronsrh   street.    Dublin. 
Oui"'li'.v     James     County    Surveyor.    Navan. 
Ouinn'  Wm..  Caheravon,  Kinvara,  Co.  f!a)way. 
Ouinn    James    Camolin   Park.   Wexford. 
Redmond,   Joseph.   28    NUi.    Frederick  street. 
Redmond     Owen     Ferns,   Co.   Wexford. 
Rilev     Thos..    Tvv    Cottasre.    The    Ward,    Dublin. 
ppnavne     Michael.    Dunmore.    Co.    Galway. 
Roehe.-Thos..    Ferns. 
Ronan,    Patrick     Ferns. 
Rrari,    James,    Claremorris.    Co.    Mayo. 
S.-allun.  Thos.    Gorev.  . 

Cr>.,rc;       \T  rr\         7/1       1  piri=fer     roid.      RafbminS.'' 

Sexton     Michael.   28    Broadstone    avenue     Dublin. 

Phechan    Patrick!  16  Hollybrook  road,  Clomarf. 

'x'nerrin.  Thos.,  50  Seville  place,   Dublin. 

Smith    John,  St.   Kevin's  road,  Valstrcrt,  Scotland.    .. 
'  Smimen     Patrick,    Ferran's   kino.   Broadstone. 

Steirtfierger,    Val.,   Belrriore.    Co.:  Galway: 

Pweetrhan.   John,   Drnmbaragh,   Kells. 

Taylor,  Joseph,  Swords. 

Taylor,    Thos.,    Swords. 

Taylor.    Chris.,    Swords.       ,.  i     .  i       .    ,  I 

-Thornton.   Michael,  Spirkbil.  Co.   Cahvay.< 

V'iildrcn.   Richard.  'London.  Britlse  rd.,  RT^<7 mount. 

Ward     Patrick.  •  Glonmulurc  •  House,    IJiaito    Bridge, 

.    I       Dublin. 

Ward    Bernard,!  Glenmahire  nonse,   Rialto  Bridge, 
Dublin.  .  i      '  • 

.Welsh     Thomas.    Mcrvillei   Taylors   Hi".  .Galway 
■  WrjelaVj  Jas.i    Hnris,    Kinvara.  [Co,  .f.'ulwa.v. 

V'  '"■!;, /,  John.    Hun-.    lOnvara,  Pq,  iGarlwajT. 

Whei;.n,    Patrick.    Woadlapds,    Feres. 

TPnt-lan.  This  ,  perns         ...  i 

IWiiifce,    Patrick,   27.  Ihxior  Abboy.  street. 

51    TO    W»-N»ewORTH    ON  ,1Pth    lyiAY. 

The   following   list     of  54     prisoners     who 
pere  removed  from  Richmond  Barracks,  Dub- 


lin, on  i2th  May,  and  lodged  in  Wandsworth 
Detention  Barracks,  London,  on  13th  May, 
was  issued  on  16th  May : — 

Berminsham.    Thomas,  91    Upper   Rat  Amines. 

Burke.    Patrick,    Benduff,    Castlegar,    Co.    Sligo. 

Cole,  D    L.,  3  Mount.ioy  square,    Dublin. 

Conway,    Andrew,    Edenrcva,   (liffoney. 

Corcoran,  John,   Kiltimagh,  Co.   Mayo. 

Cryan,   Barty,   Bridge  street,  West  port. 

Cryan,   Thos.,  Seefin,  Cloonloo,    Boyle. 

Crystal,   Hush,   Creevykeel,   Cliffoney. 

Curtis    W.  O'Leary,  34  N.  Gt.  George's  st.,  Dublin. 

Daly,  Patrick  Thomas,  22   Filzmy  avenue,    Dubhu. 

Derry,   Thomas;   High    street,    Westport. 

Berry,  Michael,  Octagon,   Westport. 

Duffy,    Michael,    Bridge   street,    Westport. 

Fagan,  John,  10  TIavelock  square,   Dublin. 

Fagan    James,   10  Ilavelock  square,    Dublin. 

Foley,   Hugh,    Benduff,   Castlegar,   Co.   Sligo. 

Gammon,    Edward,    High    street,    Westport. 

Gardiner,    George,    Edenrcva,    Cliffoney.    • 

Gavin,  Charles,   High  street,   Westport. 

Gavin,  John.  Murrisk. 

Geraghly,   Martin,   James  street,   Westport. 

Gilmartin,   Charles,   Caruduff,   <.  liffoney. 

Gilmartin,   John,   Creevykeel,   (liffonev. 

Gilmartin,    John,   Creevykeel,   <  liffoney. 

Gilmartin.    Wm.,   Creevykeel,    (liffoney. 

Griffith,   Arthur,    122   St.   Lawrence   road,    Clontarf. 

Gunnigle,    Lawrence,   Carnduff.   Cliffoney. 

Gnnnigle,   Robert,  Carnduff,  <  liffoney,  Co.  Sligo. 

Hannon,   John,  Creevykeel,   Cliffoney. 

JIannon,    Edward,    Cliffoney. 

Harrin,  Edward,  James  street,  Westport. 

Ileraty,   Hubert,  Altamnunt  street,   Westport. 

Ilickey,  Charles,  .,'ames  street,   Westport. 

Hughes,  Owen,   Larkhill,   Westport. 

Keane,   Manus,  Clonskill,   Loughagcwer. 

Kenny,   Patrick   S,    Shop  street,    Westport. 

Lo<ran.   John     Bridge  street,    Westnort. 

McDonnell,    Francis.    91    Upper    Bathmincs. 

McDonouirh.  John.  High  s+rpM    Wp=tport. 

Malone,  James.  Quay  road,  Westport. 

McDonnell     Paul,  91    Upper   Rathmines. 

McGarrigle.  Charles,  Creevykeel,  Cliffoney. 

Meehan,   Bernard,  Creevykeel,   Cliffoney. 

O'Rrien,  Thomas,   Moyhasten,   Westport. 

O'Rourke,   Peter,   Abbeylown,   Boyle. 

O'Shea,  John   P.,  20  Arran  rd..  Drumcondra  Dnblla. 

Ralph,  Thomas,  Mill  street,  Westport. 

Redmond.  Myles.  6  Parnell  street.   Wexford. 

Reilly,  Michael.   Fair  Green,   Westport. 

RinT    M.    J.,    Drimmindoo,    Westport. 

Rooney,  Patrick.  Carnduff,  Cliffoney.  Co.  Sligo, 

Ruddy    jo^eoh.  Church  street,   Westport. 

Sammol.   Edward.    Peter  street,    Westport. 

Tnnnv    Patrick,    Derrvkillew,    Westport. 

Wal.-h,  Thaddeus,  Milt  street,  Westport. 

58  TO   STAFFORD    ON    13th    KAY. - 

The  following  list  of  53  prisoners  who 
were  removed  from  Richmond  Barracks,  Dub- 
lin-, on  May  12th,  and  lodged  in  Stafford  De- 
tention Barracks  on  the  3-3th  M.ay,  wag 
issued  ■  on 17th '  May  :^-*    ; 


Barrett,  Christopher,  Court  lane,  'Athenry^— I 
Burke,  Ptk.,  'Caheroyn,  Athenry— Labourer,  " 
CahihV  "&&'.;  Boyhill    Athenry— Labou'reV.     •■   >• 

V~,,     i(l!_U_I    •    fhU^*       ■    T>n.nlr  llnl.l        lilhon,,,'.  (3  rnnnx:   . 


Paintef. 

urko,   Ptk.,  'Caheroyn,  Atiicnry—  Lapourer,  - 
Oahill,1  &'i.,  Boyhill    Athenry-^Laboiire'r.     •   i 
C.al'linriri,   Thos.,'  Roekfield,   'Athenry—  Grcomi  • 
Canlficld.  Chaa.,  Bo/.hill,  Athenry--P6stmatL  -; 
Cleary,  Thos.    B.,  Athenry— Farmer  and 'builder. 
Cleary;    Joseph,  (Abbcygrove.    Athonryi-Apprenticfl* 
Coarfy,  'Wm.,  'Claregal way— Farmer.1     yf.,.„    : 
Commins,  Michael,   Coldwood,    Athenry-^Farmer. 
Commins;  Edward,  Tarmind,  Clarenbridge--rFarmefs 
Coiiuniins,  Win.,  Coldwood,  AthenryT-rEarme'r. 
Coriniffe,  34'chael.  Court  lane,  Athenry.-riLaboure^ 
CnMello,,  Maetin.,  por.tral.  Atheney— Farmef.. 
Costello.   -V."-,  Godrall,  Athenry—  Farmer.,     ' 
C'os'elo.  Patr«.k,  GlenascaiiL  Qran'mprfe',  Co.  Galway. 
hevje,  M&rtin,  rV.ttrogue,  Clare,  'Galway.' •'  ;' 
Ci.ninane, 'John  J.,  \\hrrnt  Brown,'  At'hbrtryiii-'Farmer. 
Dnnleiii.v     Ml.,     Ballygurrane,    Athenry— Farmer. 
Fahy,    Lawrence,    Tullyho.  Athenry— Farmer. 


'- 


CI 


Fallon,    Ml..    Two-Mile-Ditch,    Co.       al way— Farmer. 
Favrell.   Ml..    Parkmore,    Athenry— Labourer. 
Freany.   Win.,    Ballydonnell,    Athenry — Farmer. 
Freany,   Ml.,    Ballyclonnell,    Atheniy— Farmer. 
Feeny.   Jas.,    Two-Mile-Ditch.   Co.    Galway— Farmer. 
Galvin.    Jeremiah,    Slieverne.    Athenry — Farmer. 
Gardiner.    Jas.,    Knockbrack.    Movivea,     Athenry— 

Carpenter. 
flynri,  Ml.,  Lidecan,  Clare,  Galway— Farmer. 
<  realish,    Ptk.,    Carnmore,    Galway— Farmer. 
;'l     negan,    Peter,   Derrydonriell,    Athenry— Milesman. 

G.S.    and    W.    Railway. 
Henegan,    Patk.,    Ballydonnell,    Athenry— Farmer. 
Higgins,    Wm.,    Coshla,    Athenry — Farmer. 
Howley,    Wm.,   Limepark,   Teterswell,  Co.  Galway— 

Farmer. 
Howley.   Ml..    Limepark,   Peterswell,   Co.   Galway— 

Farmer. 
nughes.    Ptk.,    Caheroyn— Farmer, 
llynes,    Martin,  Cross    st.,    Athenry— Stonemason. 
Kane,     Ptk..    Church    St.,    Athenry— Labourer. 
Kane,    ML.    Derrydonnell.  Athenry— Farmer. 
Kennedy.    Martin.    Lackroo,    Athenry— Farmer. 
Kennedy,  Ptk.,  Caheroyn,   Athenry— Farmer. 
Kenny,    Ptk.,    Caheroyn,    Athenry— Labourer. 
King,'  Peter,    Kiltullagh,   Oranmore, Galway— Farmer 
King,    John,    Kiihillagh,    Oranmure— Farmer. 
Lynskey,    Ptk..    Kingr-land,  Athenry— Farmer 
M'Evoy,    Martin,    Pool.    Craughwell— Farmer. 
M'Keon.  Peter,  Cross  st..  Athenry— Carpenter. 
Monaghan.   John,   Oranmore— Labourer. 
Mulrvan,    Wm.,   Kiltullagh.    Oranmore— Farmer. 
Murphy,   Philip.    Liecan,   Clare.   Galway— Farmer. 
Murphy,    John.    Church    st„    Athenry— Labourer 
Newell.  Thomas.  Cast  lepra  r,  Clare.  Galway— FariMr. 
O' Flaherty,    Joseph,    Loughrea— Draper. 
O'Lcary.     ML,     Tarmind,     Clarenbridge— Farmer. 
Ryan,    John,    Ballydavid,    Athenry— Farmer 
Silk,  Thomas.   Biiatiiili.  Castlejrar,  Galway— Farmer 
Sweeny,    Peter,    Lougnrea—  Ruilder. 
Waldron.    John,    Mulpit.    Athenry— Farmer. 
Wal&h.    Martin.    Church   st..    Athonry— Carpenter. 
Wilson.  Richard    A.    L..   Loughrea— Ph.    Chemist. 

273  TO   WAKEFIELD    ON    13th    MAY. 

The  following  list  of  273  prisoners,  who 
were  removed  from  Richmond  Barracks  on 
May  12th,  and  lodged  in  Wakefield  Detention 
Barracks  on  the  13th  May,  was  issued  on 
Thursday,    13th    May:— 

Atkinson,  Win.,   New  st..   Dnndalk— 'Bus  driver. 

Barry,  Denis,  Monster  House,  Kilkenny— Draper's 
assistant. 

Begley,   Jos.,    Castle    road,    Bandon— Apprentice. 

Behan,    Thomas,    Ralhangan— Labourer 

Rirrell,   Lawrence,    Moss  st..    Dublin— Coal    porter. 

Rlaney,  John,  Coma  net,  Allilnnc— Farmer. 

Bowcn,  Barth.,  Melrose.  Howth— Science  teacher. 

Boyce,  Lawrence,  Viking  place.  Arbour  Hill — Motoi 
driver. 

Brady,  Jas..   Booterstown   ave..   Dublin — Clerk. 

Breli!   P  .  Blackmill  st.,   Kilkenny— Motor   mechanic. 

Brown,   Charles,   do.— Labourer. 

Buckley,  James,  Millstreet — Carpenter. 

Buckley,   Wm.,    Kileorney,   Banteer— Shopkeeper. 

Burke,    Patk.,   Wolfe  Tone  st.,   Kilkenny— Labourer. 

Burke,  Finton,  George  St..  Enniseorthy — Carpenter. 

Byrne.   Nieh.„   BallsbrhUre— Teacher. 

Byrne,  John,   Donore.   Naas— Blacksmith. 

Byrne,  Martin,  Marrowbone  lane.   Dublin — Labourer. 

Byrne,  Chris.,  Kilcullen  road.  Nags— Monotype 
operator. 

Callaghan,  John.  Cork  road,  Bandon— Labourer. 

Carmody,  Patrick,  Millstreet,  Co.  Cork— Baker  and 
grocer. 

Casey,  William,  King  street,  Mitchelstown—  Trader. 

Clcgg,  Jas.,  (south  st.,  New  Ross — Draper's  as- 
sistant. 

Cogan,  Rolwrt^  Allen  Villas,  Mardyke,  Cork— 
Draper's  "assistant. 

Collins,   Ed.,  Colballis,   Donabale—  Farmer. 

Couu-rford,  E.,  Welling  ton  sy..  Kilkenny— Electri- 
cian. 


Connors,    ML,    Ross    Toad,    Enniseorthy — Labourer 

Corkerry,   Daniel,   Cork   st.,   Macroom — Shopkeeper.. 

Cox,  J.   E.,   Oaklands  Park.  Ballsbridge— Surveyor. 

Cox,  Ed.  J..  Oaklands  Park,  Ballsbridge— ClerU 
C.D.B. 

Coyne,    James,    Bishop's    Hill,    Kilkenny — Baker. 

Crowe,  Martin,   Ballyteigne,  Corofin,  Clare— Farmer. 

Crowley,  Wm..  Gurteen,  Bandon— Farmer. 

Crowley,   Patk.,   Gurteen,   Co.  Tipperary— Labourer. 

Crowley,  ML,  Rosbercon,  New  Ross — Shop  assistant. 

Crowley,  John,  Clonakilty— Farmer. 

Crowley,    Tim,    Clonakilty— Farmer. 

Daly,  Francis,  Cluny,  Clontarf— Engine  fitter. 

Davies,   Jas.   J.,    Harold's   road,    Kilkenny— Banker. 

Deban,  Patk.,  Cork   road,   Fermoy-^Oaelic  teacher. 

Deene,  Conor,  Goold's  Cross — Grocer. 

Degan,  M..  South  st..  New  Ross — Draper's  as- 
sistant. 

de   Loughrey,   Lawrence,   Kilkenny— Ironmonger. 

Dempsey.  Patk.,   Locan  st.,  Belfast— Shop  assistant. 

Dempsey    James,  Locan  st.,  Belfast— Shop  assistant. 

Derm,  W.,  Tabbot's  Inch.  Kilkenny— Cab  maker. 

Desmond,  Denis,  Kinsale—  Farmer's  son. 

Dobbyn,  Henry,  21  Cloned  Gardens,  Belfast— Brick- 
layer. 

Dobbyn,  Jas..  21  Clonard  Gardens,  Belfast— National 
school  teacher. 

Donnelly,  ML,  Cornally,  Silverbridge,  Co.  Armagh— 
Barman. 

Donovan,  Peter,  Clonakilty— Farmer. 

Donovan,    John,    Clonakilty— Student. 

Doorley,   Ed.,    Castle   st.,    Roscommon— Butcher. 

Doorley,  3    J..  Castle  st.,  Roscommon— Garage  owner 

Doyle,  MichL,  32     Lr.  Gardiner  st.,  Dublin— Lalwurer. 

Doyle,  John,  South  St., New  Ross— Draper's  assistant. 

Doyle,   Wm.,   Robert   st..   New   Ross — Porter. 

Doyle.  Chas.,   Ballycarney,    Ferns — Labourer. 

Driscoll    Th./it  as    liandon— Van  driver. 

T>uffy,  Ed.  J.,  Foyle  st,  Derry— Bookkeeper. 

Duncan,  Patk.,  Meeting  House  st.,  Strabane— Van- 
driver. 

Dwyer,  Stephen,  Up.  Patrick  st.,  Kilkenny—  Reporter. 

Evoy,    Daniel,    Prior    lane.    New    Ross — Carpenter. 

Fanning,  John,  William  st.,  New  Ross — Commis- 
sion  agent. 

Finegan.  John    St    Patrick's  terr.,  Dnndalk— Porter. 

Fitzgerald.  John,   Newbridge— Bootmaker. 

Fitzgerald  James,  Fast  Hill,  Queenstown— Engineer 
filter's  apprentice 

Fitzgerald    Thos.,  Dingle,  Co.  Kerry— Engine  driver. 

Foley.    ML.    New    Ross — Porter. 

Fortune,    Daniel,    Hallycaruew.    Gorey — Labourer. 

Franklin,   James.   Barrackton,  Cork— Shoemaker. 

J/urlorig,    Thus.,    Michael    St..    Kilkenny—  Painter. 

Furlong,   Richard,    Ivillashee,    Naas— Labourer. 

ftribban,   liti'rli.  Castledawson,  Co.   Deny  — farmer. 

Gallagher.  John,  Shannon  Hill,  Enniseorthy — 
Ledger    clerk. 

Gallon,  Patk.,  Six-Mile  CrosJ*,     Tyrone— Shop  assistant 

Gibbons,   John,  Ballylarkin     Freshford— Farmer. 

Grehan,   Patk.,    Main   street,    Naas— Merchant. 

Grieve,  James.  Glehmoran  Mills.  Strabani?— Farmer. 

Haden,  Ptk.,  South  st..  New  Ross — Draper's  as- 
sistant. 

Hales    Wm.,    IViockariirra,    Randon  —  Farmer. 

Half*.    Robert.  Knockacurra,   l?ahdon— Farmer. 

Hall.   Saml.,  Jocelyn  st.,    Dnndalk— Tailor. 

Hamill,  Thos.,  Broughton  st..   Dnndalk— Van  driver. 

Hamilton,  Chris.,  Kylo  street,  Cork— Carpenter. 

Hanley,   Dan!.,    Ne«i    Ross — Harness-maker. 

Ilannigran,  James.  The  Square,  Mikhelstown— Com- 
pany agent. 

HanraUy,   Jas.,   Mill  st.,    Dnndalk— Printer. 

Hartley,  J.,  Soulh  st.,  New  Ross— Grocer's  assistant. 

Harringlin,    Daniel,    Macroom— Farmer. 

Hart,   Bernard,    Dalkey— Railway  clerk. 

Hart.   Jot>«,   Claddagh,    Clifden,    Kilkenny— Farmer 

Ilealy,    M.Jt..    Rougbgrove,    bandon— Clerk. 

Healy    JVnis,   Bodyke,  Co.  Clare— Farmer. 

Ileber   J<ilin,  Ix»rd  Edward  St.,  Limerick— Teacher. 

Hedley.    $*»s..    Irish    st.,    Enniseorthy — Labourer. 

Heduvs*.   Law  recce,    Main   St..   Cbarleville— Teacher. 

llegai'ty.  Patrick.  Westland  avenue.  Dcrry  —Tobac- 
cos *'s  assistant. 

Hegarty,  Oaniel,  Fair  street,  Mallow— Builder'a 
fore  jvn. 

Uehoe,  Tim,  John  st.,  New  Rosa — Grocer's  as- 
sists *X 


Dl 


82 


Henderson.    T.eo,    Windsor   Villas,    Fairview,    Dublia 
lliirsrins,  Maurice,  Up.  John  st.,    Kilkenny— Law  clerk 
Hughes.   Gilbert.   Coosane.   Athlone—  Farmer. 
Hunt,    n  abort,  Corofin.   Co    Clares-Farmer. 
Hunt,   Wm„  Corofin.  Co.   Clare— Farmer. 
Ilvde,    Patk.,    Ballinhassig.    Cork— Farmer. 
IT.vde,    Michael,   Ballinhassig—  Labourer. 
Ilyde,    Jos.,    Gurteen,    Bandon— Farmer. 
Tl'vde.  John,  St.   Finn   Barr's  College,  Cork— Student. 
Jordan,    Daniel,    Farnalough,    Newcester,   Cork— Far- 
mer's son. 
Kavanagh;  John,    Miltown,    Ferns— Lal>ourer. 
Koaley,  Martin,  Park  Clifeden.   Kilkenny— Farmer. 
Kearns,  John.  Loushrea— Labourer, 
Keegan,  Michael,  Queen   st.,   Dublin— Labourer. 
Keirse.    Thos.,    Kileen,   Co    Clare— Farmer. 
Kelly.  Daniel,  Casheinageran,  Gortahork,  Donegal— 

Stationmaster. 
Kelly,  John,   Clonee,  Camolin.  Wexford— Labourer. 
Kellv:  John  E.,  Brown  st.,  Dolphin's  Barn,  Dublin— 

'  Clerk. 
Krllv,  Robert.  Mary  st..  Newry— Stone-cutter. 
Kellv,  John,   Irish   st..  Belfast— Clerk. 
Kellv,  James,  Clonee,  Wexford— Farmer's  son. 
Kenny,  Chris.,   Rathangan,   Kildare— Postman. 
Kenny',    Ptk..    Woodlands,    Ferns — Labourer. 
Kenny     Michael,    Rathangan— Labourer. 
Kenny,    Patk.,    Kildare— Postman. 
Kenny,  Jos.,   Rathangan— Postman. 
Kent,  John.  South  st.,  New  Ross— Grorer's  assistant. 
Kerr,'  Ptk..  Castletown  r<l..  Dimdalk — Grocer's  porter. 
Kinirv,   Martin,  Patrick  st.,   Fennoy— Shopkeeper. 
Kinir'y,  Martin,  do.— Cardriver. 
Lalor,  Jas..  Friary  st.,  Kilkenny— Builder. 
Lonnon.    Win.,    Mvler's    Park.    New    Ross — Farmer. 
Lynch,  John    Bridge,  Macroom— Draper's  assistant. 
Lynch,    Patrick,    New   Ross— Contractor. 
Lynch,  Tim,   Ballyfeard.  Co.  Cork— Farmer. 
Lynch.    Lawrence,    Court    st.,    Enniscorthy — Maize 

oil  extractor. 
Lyng.    James,    Bulnnbanoutrh.    Wexford— Labourer. 
Madigan,    Jas.,    Abbey    street,    Kilkenny— Mason. 
Marmion.  Tim,  Crauerhwell.  Galway — Farmer. 
Martin.  Ed.,  St.  Mary's  (err..  Athlnnr— Clerk. 
May,   Pak.,  North  st.,   New   Ross — Grocer's  assistant. 
McAllister.     Dan,     Staffordstown,     Donabate— Farm 

manager. 
M'Carth.v,   John,   Dononghmore,   Timoleague— Do 
McCarthy    Joseph,  South  st.,   New    Ross — Grocer's 

assistant. 

Dnimraney.   Athlone — Farmer. 
Ruscommon— Draper. 
K.,    P.nndon  —  Merchant. 
Weslland   avenue,    Derry — Clerk. 
MarCough    O.,  Clanbras")!  St.,  Dundalk  —  Accountant. 
Mi'Grnth.  T..  John  st..   New  Ross— Grocer's  assistant. 
McGrath,       M.,       Ballywilliam,       Co.       Wexford — 

Labourer. 
M'Gu;f»  ::.- 
MCi.'-k. 

Uerrj 
^•Ineni.y. 

necr. 
"*<■  Lough!  in,  Fred,  Glenmore,   Wexfi 
II'.MmIioii.  E<J.,  26  Talbot  St. 

tant. 
McQuill,   Joseph,    Bridge  st. 
McQuillan,    Phil. 

specter. 
Mooney     Pa  Ik.,    Millbrook    Villas, 

ni  cell  aire. 

Mooney,  Thomas,  Rathangan— Labourer. 
"Moran,   Louis,    Rally  sax,  Curragh,—  Butcher. 
Vforan,    Ed.,    liallysax,   Curragh  —  Farmer. 
Jlullall.v,  Antony,    I'mieU  st.,    Kilkenny— Painter. 
Mullauy,  John  J.,  Barnard  st.,  Athlone — Compositor. 
Murphy,   Ed.   J.,   Quay   st.,    New    Ross — Rate    Col- 
lector. 
Wurph.v,  Francis,  Lusk,  Co.  Dublin— Apprentice  filter 
Jluri  iiy,  Jer..  The  Harrow,  Ferns— Grocer  8    assistant. 
Murphy,  I)..  The  Harrow,    Ferns— Grocer's    assistant. 
liurph.v,    Jas.,    Market    sq.,    K*Tstnwnbarry — shop 

assists  'd. 
Sfurpny,    Wtn..    Iiri(I-_ro   st.,    N"^  ^r>-  —  Merchant. 
"Murphy,   John,   Quay   st.,    New   Ki#- Merchant. 
Alurph.y,  John,  New  Ross— Merchant, 
•alwiay,  Jaincs,   Portland  St.,  Nth.,   Dublin— Labourer 


McCormack.  Ml., 
McCrann,  Alfred, 
McDonnell,  Win. 
M'Dormott,    Ed. 


.,    Francis 
••.nihonv, 

Col 

mgfor 

'a  I'd  ill 

r,   Kn 

'ell- 
K'k! 

nt. 
ougli 

-  farmer. 

TIlOS  ,   l.oi 

:k  i 

iiny, 

I.imeri 

ck- 

-Mo; 

'an,    Co 

ir  Engi- 

-Root   dialer. 
liubliu— G i deer's  assis- 

Duhdalk— Undertaker. 
Maxwell    row,    Dundalk— Gas    in- 

Naas— Chauffeur 


Murray,    P^ter,    Upper   Irishtown.    Athlone — Weaver. 

Murtagh,  Teter,  Cecil  ave.,  Clontarf— Electrician. 

Neary,    Thos'.,    Coulgour.K    ilkenny— Van    driver. 

Neill,    John — Irish    St.,    Enniscorthy — Labourer. 

Noctor,  John,  Dean's  Grange,  Black  rock— Gardener. 

Noonan,  John,   Ballyfeard,  Cork. 

Noonan,   William,    Ballyfeard,   Cork. 

Nowlan,   Jas.,    Bishop's  Hill,    Kilkenny — Cooper. 

O'Breslin,  Chas.,  William  st.,   Berry— Teacher. 

O'Brien,   Wm.,  Tracton,  Co.  Cork— Farmer. 

O'Brien,  Jas.,  Carnamaddy,  Athlone — Tailor. 

O'Brien,  John,   Upper  Irishtown,  Athlone— Clerk. 

O'Brien,  John,   Tracton,  Co.   Cork— Farmer. 

O'Brien,   Wm.,        Queenstown— Chemist's  assistant. 

O'Brien,   John,  Clancey  st.,   Fennoy — Gardener. 

O'Connell.    Chris.,    Beecher   street,    Mallow — Railway 
employe. 

O'Connell,  John,  22  Upper  Cecil  street,  Limerick. 

O'Connor,  Patrick.  Bridge  st.,  Killaloe— Teacher. 

OTonnor,    James,    Rickardstown,    Cloghran,   County 
Dublin— Apprentice. 

O'Connor,  Stephen,  New  st.,  Macroom— Blacksmith. 

O'Connor,    Patrick,    New   st.,    Macroom — Blacksmith. 

O'Doherty,  Jos.,  Creggan  st.,  Derry— Clerk. 

O'Dohcrty,  Andrew  V.,  do — Butcher 

O'Dwyer,   Ml.,   John   st.,   Kilkenny— Sculptor. 

O'Dwyer,  Patrick,  Hill  terrace,  Bandon — Egg  packer. 

OTIalloran,   John,    Ballingeary,  Co.   Cork— Farmer. 

OTlalloran.   Tim.    Ballingeary,   Co.  Cork— Farmer. 

O'Keeffe,   Ml  .   William  st..   New   Ross — Porter, 

O'Kelly,  Michael,  Naas— Journalist. 

O'Kennedy,   John,  Quay  st.,      New     Ross— Brcwcr'a 
secretary. 

O'Kennedy,  Philip  A.,  do. — Mercantile  clerk. 

O'Kennedy,  Michael  J.,  do.— Mercantile  clerk. 

O'Leary,  John.    Ballinhassig— Tailor. 

O'Leary,  S.,  Quay  st.,  New  Ross— Grocer's  assistant. 

O'Leary,   Jas.,    Rossmore,    Ballineen — Farmer. 

O'Voiii    t..  John  st..   New  Ross — Grocer's  assistant. 

O'Neill,  Michael,  Ferns— P.  O.  clerk. 

O'Neill.  Arthur,  ITill  st..  Dundalk— Machinist. 

O'Shea,   Patrick.   King  st.,    Fermoy— Engineer. 

O'Snllivan,   Patrick,   Bank  place,   Mitehelstown— Car- 
penter. 

O'Toole,  W..  Lr.  Church  st.,  Enniscorthy— Carpenter. 

Parsons,    Palk.,    Wolfe   Tone    st.,    Kilkenny— Tailor. 

Prcndersrast.    Jas.,    Quay    st..      New    Ross— Grocer's 
assistant. 

Pin  cell,    Ml.,    High   St.,    Kilkenny— Baker. 

Ouigley    .las.,  Garryowen.   Limerick — M  ill   foreman. 

Quinn,  Thos.,  Cork  st.,   Dublin—Poplin  weaver. 

Quinn,  George    Cork   st...    Duhlin—  Punlin  weaver. 

Roardeu,   Tun,"  Ballinhassig,   Cork— Farmer. 

Reardnn,   John,    Macroom— Labourer. 

Richardson,    Jos.,    Ashcroft,    Togher—  Farmer. 

Riordan,   Michael,   Mills! reet,  Cork— Shop  assistant. 

Riordan,    Jeremiah,    Millstreet,    Cork  — Baker. 

Roche,   John,   Church    st..    Ferns— l.al>oiirer. 

Rodgefs,    !ln"h,    Six-Mile    Cross,  Tyrone— Chauffeur. 

I; uttle,    S.    M.,    Kilcurley,    Adare,    Co.    Limerick — 
Accountant 

[ill,   Kilkenny,  Grocer's  assistant 
South,   Eimistymon,  Co.  Clare— 


M. 


10])  S  .' 
Cluync 


R 

R.vinie,   Win 
Shop    a 

Roche,   John,    Knockacurra,    Bandon— Farmer. 

Savage,   Michael,    Kilshannig,  Fennoy— Labourer. 

Seiiiy,  Joseph,  Quay  comer,   New  Ross— Jeweller. 

Shane,  Robert,  Six-Mile  Cross,  Tyrone— Carrier. 

Shannon,  M.  J.,  Quinn,  Co.  Clare— Labourer. 

Rbeeban,    Michael,  itimdrum,  Co.  Tipperary— Forester, 

Shecnan.    Ml.,    North   st..    New   Ross — Merchant. 

Shiels,     Patrick,     Bogside,     Derry— Clerk. 

Southwell,  John,  Queen  st.,  Newry— Vanman. 

Smith,   Louis,  Magherafelt,  Co.   Derry  Merchant. 

Smith,  Patrick,  Ballybphan,     Roscommon— Farmer. 

Smyth.  Chas..   Kilkenny— Carpenter. 

Spillarfe,  John,   Lohort,   Fermoy— Carpenter. 

Stephens,  W.,     High     st.,     Kilkenny— Draper's  as- 
sistant. 

Stokes,  John,  Bath  st.,  Irishtoyn,  Dublin— Labourer. 

Sullivan,   Ed.,  Clonakilty— Farmer. 

Sunderland.'  John.    Ferns — Labourer. 

Sweeney.    Owen,    Cloubriiske,    Athlone— Farmer. 

Kynnott,    Perce,   St.    Michael's   place,   Gorey— Brick- 
layer. 

Svtuioil,,    Ml.,    Ballinakill.    rcrns—  Farmer 

Tboniey,   RicharJ,   BaJlymonntain,  Banlon.-Labourer 

Toomey,    tames,   Mid.  !reet,  Co.  Cork-Baker. 

Tliurai-t;,  !•*.   s'-.-'-'-ies   Co.  Lublin— Seed  merchant. 

D  4 


83 


■Travers.    John,    Ballymarthy,    Enniscorthy — Engine 

driver. 
Traver?,   Martin,    New   Ross— Boot  dealer. 
Tuite.  Daniel.  Castletown   id.,  Duudalk— Painter. 
Waldron,  lid..  Hotel,  Ennistymou— Gaelic  teacher. 
"Wallace,    Jonn     W.,     Eyre    st.,    Newbridge— A.S.C. 
Wah    James,    Kerry— Motor   mechanic. 
Walsh,   Jas.,  South  St.,  New  Ross — School  teacher. 
Walsh.    Lawrence,    Dunmore,    Kilkenny — Gardener. 
Walsh,   Lawrence  J..  Duleek  st.,  Drogheda— Carrier. 

employe. 
Walshe,    Daniel    P.,    Main  st.,    Felhard—  Farmer. 
Walsh,    Redmond,   Bandon— Farmer 
"VWsii.  J ani^s,  Knockey,  Co.  Cork— Labourer. 
Warner,   Peter,   Quay   st.,   New   Ross— Hairdresser. 
Wickham,   Mark,   Merchant's  quay,  Cork— Tinsmith. 
Wilson,  H.  J.  C,  Longford — Merchant. 
Windrum,  S.  W'.,  Dominick  st.,  Limerick— Engineer 

197   TO    GLASGOW    AND    PERTH    ON   20th   MAY. 

On  Wednesday,  24th  May,  two  lists  were 
issued  containing  the  names  of  197  prisoners, 
who  were  removed  from  Dublin  on  the  19th 
May  to  Barlinnie  Detention  Barracks,  Glas- 
gow,  and  to  Perth  Detention  Barracks: — 

To    Perth. 

The  following  are  the  names  of  the  prisoners 
lodged   at   Peith  : — 

Bolaud.    Patrick,    Ferns.  Co.    Wexford. 

Browne.   John,    lloilypark,  Craughwell.  Co.   Ga'way. 

Burke,    Thomas.    Lurgiii,    Gort 

Burke,    K<[  .    Uaford    -Mills.    Kilturra,   Co.   Galway. 

Burns;.   Michael,  Colmanstown,   Co.   Galway. 

Carroll.  James,    Perns.    Co.    Wexford. 

Coen,    James,    Ball.vcholin,  Gort. 

Coin.    Martin,    Ball.vcholin,   Gort. 

Collohan.   Thomas,   Craughwell,   Co.   Galway. 

jSollohan.    Patrick     Castleall,    Athenry. 

Conner.    Bryan,    Ball.vcholin,    Gort. 

Connolly.    Thomas,    Derryhole,    Co.    Galway. 

Cori>e!t,    Thomas,    Craughwell,    Co.    Galway.' 

Corbet  t     Petei,    Craughwell,    Co.    Galway. 

Corbctt,    Patrick.   Craughwell.    Co.    Galway. 

jSoughlan,    Charles.    Castle   street.    I.oughrea. 

Coy,   James,    Derryhole,    Co.    Galway. 

Coy,    Pal  rick     Derryhole,   Co    Galway. 

Coy,    Michael,    Derryhole,   Co.    Galway. 

Coy,    Palriik,   Galway    road     Longhrea. 

Craven,   Ji.hn.   Clonoshecahil,    New    Inn.  Co.  Galway. 

CiiiiinlTe,    Thomas,    Ball.vcholin,    Gort. 

FuniiiHe,    Michael.    Ball.vcholin    Gort. 

Cunnifl'e.    Patrick.    Bride  street*    I.oughrea. 

Eiirnn,    James,    Nevvtownbarry,    Co     Wexford. 

Deialiuniy.    Michael,    Lonirhrea. 

l'lmiiM-y     Pal  rick,    Lissiloudon.   Oran/ri  well. 

Donnellan      Palncli,    Newcastle.    Athenry. 

jjjo.vle,    Thomas.    K,ltn.!la,    Athenry 

P.nil.v.    William,    Attynion.    Alhenry. 

Earl.    Jo.M'ph,     LisdurT,    Alhenry. 

jfean      Michael.     P.ally.-holiri     <;0rt. 

Egan.    Martin,    Armagh.    Gcrt. 

Fuhcy,    John,    Lurgan,   Gort. 

Fahey,   Michael.   Lurgin,  Gort. 

Fahcy,  Patrick,  Bride  street,  Loughrea. 

Fly  mi,  James,  Main  street,  Loughrea. 

Forde,  Patrick,  Kiltulla,  Athenry. 

Fordo,   Michael,   Cranghwell,  Co.  Galway. 

Forde,    John,    Craughwell,    Co.   Galway. 

Frowley,  John,   Wolfhill,   Queen's  Cons.'y. 

Gardiner.  James,  Coolraugh,  Cringhwell. 

Ge«an,   Michael,   Craughwell,  Co.   Galway. 

Gillisrhan,    Patrick,    Kiltulla,    Athenry. 

Grealish.    Thomas,    Pollacoppal,    Alhenry. 

Greene,  Martin  J.,  Main  street.   Longhrea. 

■sniffy,    Michael,.  Tally  ho.    Alhenry. 

Km  iffy,   James,  Glebe,   Cringhwell. 

Haverty,    Richard,   Olonhshecahil. 

Healy.    Michael".    Athenry. 

Session,    Michael,    Athenry. 

Higgius.    Patrick,   I  isheenkyle. 

Hvi.ec,    Denis,  Gregatorla.   Co    Gal  «*J. 

IJ.\nes,  John.  Gregatorla.  Co.   G»fKAV. 

Rues,  Micnael,  Oiaughwell,  Co.  biiit  &. 


Keane,    James,    Rockmore,    Athenry. 

Kearns,    Daniel,    Oklcastle,    Athenry. 

Keating,    Michael,   Attymon,    Alhenry. 

Keating,    Joseph,    Attymon,    Athenry. 

Kellahen,    James,   Ballycholin,   Gort. 

Kelleper,    Daniel     Gort. 

Kellerker.    Martin,    Gort. 

Kelly,    Michael,    Kiltulla   Post    Office,    Atfeenry. 

Kelly,   William,  Clondaw.   Co.   Wexford. 

Kelly,    Michael,   Athenry. 

Kennedy,    Martin,    Cringhwell. 

Lawless,  John,  Attymon,    Alhenry. 

Lawless     Patrick,    Attymon.    Athenry. 

Loughery.   John.   Ballycohalin,   Gort. 

Lyons,    Wil'iam,    Ferns,   Co.    Wexford. 

McGisrne,    Patrick,    Athenry   road,   Loughrea. 

McGlynn,    Martin,   Gregatorla,    Co.    Galway. 

McGlyun,   Michael,   Gregatorla,   Co.   Gaiway. 

McNamara,   Thomas.    Gantry,    Co.   Galway". 

Maroney,   John,    Cringhwell 

Martin,    Patrick,    Galwav    road,    Loughrea.  • 

Melody,   Michael.   New   Inn,  Co.   Galway. 

Molloy,    Michael     Monivea,    Co.    Galway. 

Moloney.    John,  Monivpa.    Co.    Galway. 

Moran,    Martin,   Cringhwell 

Mullins,    Thomas.    Kiltulla.    Athenry. 

Naughton.    Patrick,    Dnnsindle.    Athenry. 

Nestor,    Michael.    Rockfield,    Athenry. 

O'Brien,   Augustus,   Turloughmore.  Co.   Galway. 

Roche,   Ed...   Kelly    street.    Loughrea. 

Rontrhan,    Peter,    Ballycohalin.   Gort. 

Rudy,   TL   C,   14  Seaforth  parade,   Blackrock. 

Stafford,    Mat..    Derryhole,    Cringhwell. 

Sweeney.   Patrick.  Moore  street.  Loughrea. 

Walsh,    Walter,    Athenry. 

Walsh,   Patrick,   Old  Church  street,   Athenry. 

Ward,    James,    Athenry. 

Wb;te,  Patrick,  Attymon,  Athpnry. 

White,   Joseph,   Attymon,   Athenry, 

To   Glasgow. 

The  following  were  lodged  in  Glasgow  :— 

Benn,    W.    Church    street.   Tipperary. 

Berry,   John,    Lanmore,    Wes'tport. 

Blake.    Michael.   Cloonaserunin.    Athenry. 

Brennan.    M      Carrowkeel.    Roscommon. 

Burke,    William,    Tiaquin,    Athenry. 

Burke.    S.,    Giirrane.    Athenrv. 

Burns,    Ml..   Oranmore.  Co.   Galway. 

Burns,    James.    Bellamona,    Oranmore. 

Burn5:.    Pa* rick.   Cave.    Oranmore. 

('•'"crlv.    Martin,    F\inska,   Olarezalway. 

Cliffo'd.    Peter.  Ca^y    place.    Hundalk. 

t'oenoMy,    Rolicrt.    Monivea.    Athenry.  . 

Connollv.    John.    Kiltulla.    Oranmoro. 

f  nmi'.illy.    John.    Ooshla,    Athenrv. 

fonunr,  .lis.   Cn'dmanstowri.   Ballinasjoo. 

Cooiie.v,    Dominick     1  i=sa!oii'lo<>n.  Craughwell. 

(Ween.    Joseph      Box-hill.    Alhenry. 

('ul'in-iii.    John.    Lotigncurra    Oalwav. 

CnnnilT     Tli  mi's,    Oramnorp.    C<i     Ga'way. 

Cunningham     P,    Main    Guard     Clonm.l'. 

Pa'lun      1.     J.,    w  iltee    V'pw,    T'nnerary. 

Da!v.   Patrick.   Cross  street.    Athenry. 

Ihvl.v,    Jernnah.    Templemartin.    Craughwell. 

Itri.han.    F  .   Irish  town,  Clonmel. 

Etran,   J.,   Clarenbridge.   Oranmore, o  Co.    Galway. 

Fahy,  ML,   Tawin.   Oranmore.   Co.   Galway. 

Fnhv.    John     Temnlemnrtin.    Craushwell. 

Fallon.  Bernard,  Moore  street.  Loughrea. 

Flanagan,   Patrick,   Cave.    Oranmore. 

Foley,    Edward.   14    Lr.   Main   st..    Wexford. 

Forde,  P..  Riaa,   KiJfolgan,  Co.  Galway. 

Forde.   Wm..   1    Richmond   terrace.   Bray. 

Carvey,    Law.    Miilligh.    Louehrea.   Co.    Galway. 

Glynn,   Jas.,   Currepntarmid,    Monivea. 

Oolding,    Patrick     B  illywitmn,   Craucrhwell. 

Grenny,    Tlu'^h.    Rtorieleisli.   Crauirhwell. 

llalnin.  Thomas,  39   Kickham  street.  Clonrsei. 

riasseti,     nmicl,    Newcastle,    Athenry. 

Ilaverly,    Jas..    Spring    Lawn.    Movlonch. 

flaw  kins,   Thomas,    Mi  my  mo  re,   Oranmore. 

iif.aiv,   Patrick.    Newcastle.    Athenry. 

TTcfrernaa.  i  ,   "— <>.~>-     Colbrooke.    Cc.    Tinnprar* 

Hilton.     7W.r~*     J»    Warlbi-oo.j-h    st..    Dublin. 

Hughes.    Pair-;,-*.    I  ankifl.    Westport 

llwus     Wm..    Iiriubeir,    Oranmore,   Co     Ga'wav. 

lverg.  Inos.,  Ivy  Ctge.,  Mouutpleasant  pi.,  Rauelatf? 


84 


Joyce,  Michael,   Cafrlne,   Athenry. 

Jovce,   1'.,    Monroe,    Kilcolgan,   Co.    Gahvay. 

Keane,    Martin,   Derrydonnell.    Athenry. 

Keane,   D.,  Clarenbridge,  Oranmore,  Co.  Galway. 

Kearney,  Fras.,Bailinadiirty,  Oranmore,  Co.  Galway. 

Kelly,  Jus..  Coldwood,  Athenry. 

Kcllv    Tliomas,   6   North  street.   New  Ross. 

Kcilv.    \\  illiam,     Coldwood,   Athenry. 

Kell'v,    Patrick,    Hilleeaan,   Craughwell. 

Kelly.  James,  Kiltulla.  Athenry. 

Kennedv,  John  Cackarwwv,  Athenry. 

Kennedy,   Patrick,   Carrine,   Athenry, 

Kilkelly,    P.,    Kilcolgan.   Co.    Galway. 

M*;uire,  John,   Fennishrule,   Wexford. 

M'Kenna,  John,  117  Cork  street,  Dublin. 

Mackey,   D.,    Cpper  Gladstone   street,  Clonmel. 

Maloney,   P.   J.,   Church   street.   Tipperary. 

Mitchell,  John.   Knock  roe.  Attymon. 

Moloney.   Martin.    Belle  Villa.   Monivea. 

Moore,  Jas.,  4  King's  street,  Fermoy,  Co.  Cork. 

Moran,   B..   54   St    Mary's  lane,   Dublin. 

Morin,   John,  Cioon,    Olaregalway. 

Mornssev,   Gilbert,  Ca&srcrin.   Athenry. 

Morrissev,   Richard.   Cahcrcrin.   Atheny. 

Morrissey.  J..    8   William    street.   Clonmel. 

Morrissev,    Patrick,   Cahercrin,    Athenry.  _ 

Morris    M..  Mellison,  New  B'ham,  Co.  Tipperary. 

Mullen',    Moyvilla,    Athenry.        '  . 

Murphv,  Thomas,   Borelia.   Kilcotty.   Enniscorthy. 

Murphv,   JMartin,    Curreentarmid,   Monivea. 

Murphy,    John.    Tiaquin,    Athenry, 

Nelly,  J.  J.,   Gort,   Co.  Galway. 

Newell,   Martin,  Caheradina,  Craughwell. 

isoone,   Patrick,  Brickmoon,   Kiltulla. 

Noone,  James,  12  Geraldine  square,  Diiblm. 

O'Connor,  Matthew.  4  Nth.  Main  st.,  Wexford. 

U'H  anion,   P.,   Kingstown.  - 

O'Kennedy,   T.  J..   Priory  street.  New   Ross. 

O'Reilly,  — ,  30  Cork  street.   Dublin. 

Pitrgelt,    P.,   Gort,  Co.   Gahvay. 

Ouinn,   John,   Caherfurvause.   Craughwell. 

Rogers    T.   F.,  James  «ireet,  Tipperary. 

Rooney  Martin.    Cahercrin,    Athenry. 

Ror.ne'v.    John,    Cahycrin,    Athenry. 

Rvan    J      12   Pameil   street.   Clonmel. 

Rvan    W    E..  St.  Michael   street,  Tipperary. 

Stephenson,   T..   Gort,   Co.    Galway. 

Tally     Thos.,    Kilbeg.    Monivea. 

Toole'     Martin,     Oranmore. 

Travers,    M.,    Gort,    Co.   Galway. 

Walsh.    Patrick,    Killeenan.   Craughwell. 

Walsh,  D.,  Gaggan,  Bandon.  Co.  Cork. 

40    TO     WOKING     ON     20th     MAY. 

Tt  was  announced  on  Thursday,  25th 
May,  that  the  40  prisoners  named  below 
were  removed  from  Richmond  Barracks,  Dub- 
lin,  on  May  19th,  and  lodged  in  Woking  Da- 
tention  Barracks  t'je  following  day  :— 

Barreft.  Pat.,  farmer,  Ballinageane,  Craughwell, 
Galway. 

Burke,    Patrick,   farn»OT,   Chermore,    Kinvara. 

Burke,'    I'cter,    farmer,    Chermore,    Kinvarn, 

deary    James.   Lorse-shocr.    Irish   ct.,    Fnniscorthy. 

CJcar'y     Thos.,    plasterer,    Abheyrow,    Al henry. 

Connol'ly.    Patrick,    farmer,    Tysaxon,    Athenry. 

Cullen,' Jas.  Jos..  8  Harney  street.  Enuiseorlhy. 

Cullen    James,    lino  operator,   Bcll'ield,   Enniscorthy. 

Daley,  John,  agric.  oi-ersccr  Lakeview,  Manor- 
harnilton. 

Pcvereux.  Enfjene.  cjxli  agent.  18  George  st., 
Enniscorthy. 

Poherly,    John,    farnwf.    Norlhgale   street.    Athenry. 

Dolan,  James  N.,  rfj«*>kceeer,  BaJlyboy,  ftlanor- 
h  ami  I  ton. 

Poole v,  John.  farm*/.  '/Isker,    Athenry,  Co.  <«alway. 

Poolcv.  Ml.,  farmer,  faker.  Athenry,  Co.  Galway. 

PoyJe    Patrick,  fnr«w,   Kiltulla,   Athenry, 

Ihvyer.  Peter,  eii«f>#  driver,  Tonialossclt,  Ennis- 
corthy. 

Egan.    Thos.,    labftMBT,    Ahbeyrow.    Alhenry. 

Fahy,  Thos.,  farcfc#f  Lnvally,  Craughwell,  Galway. 

Fenian.   Wni..   laftoriW*,    Hospital    lane.   Enniscorthy. 

Flanagan,  .las.,  (t.tv.?,  Fn-whfort  House,  Oranmore 

Gardiner.    John,    c.nicnler.    Knock  brock,    Athenry. 

Gilgan,  Bryan,  ekt'tkicisti,  Rallyboy.  Manorhamilton. 

Gilguu,   Thos..   ■Ui'-M-r,   Billyboy,   Mauorharailton. 


Henehan.  Pat.  J.,  grocer  asst.,  Fethard,  Tipperary. 

Hynes,  Martin,  farmer,  Durns.  ninvara,  Co.  Galway. 

Hynes,   Pat.,   farmer,  Creggan,  Craughwell,   Galway. 

Kenny,  John,  valet,  Maynooth  Col-.,  Main  st.,  May- 
nooth. 

I.arden,  Jas.,  clerk.  Shannon  (Temple),  Enniscorthy. 

Lawless,    Peter,    farmer,   Corrin    Ramid,    Athenry. 

Mahon,   Peter,    farmer,    Newcastle.    Athenry. 

Murphy,    Ml.,   labourer,   Church  street,   Athenry. 

Murphy.  Jas.,  spinn??,  Carley's  Bdge.,  Enniscorthy. 

O'Ccrmor,  R.,  elcrx,  38  Serpentine  av.,  Ballsbrid^e. 

O'Loughlin,  Jas.,  coachbuilder,  Ballynoy.  Manor- 
hamilton. 

O'Loughlin,  Thos.,  coachbuilder,  Ballyboy,  Manor- 
hamilton.    ■ 

Rooney,   Jos.,    labourer,    Caheroryan,    Athenry. 

Rossi ter,  Ed.,  clerk,  Templeshannon  quay,  Ennis- 
corthy. 

Wafer,  John,  clerk,  Shannon,  Enniscorthy. 

Walsh,  Ml.,  carpenter,  Athenry,  Co.  Galway. 

Young,  Joe.  labourer,  High  street,  Dublin. 

59  TO  LEWES   ON   20th   MAY. 

The  following  fifty-nine  prisoners  were 
removed  from  Richmond  Barracks  on  May 
19,  and  lodgeoj  in  Lewes  Detention  Barracks 
on  the  following  day  : — 

Abernatty    (?    l.ahernatty),    Henry,    lab..    Shannon 

Hill,   Enniscorthy. 
Burke,   Martin,   lab.,  Glauscauly,   (Jdlway 
Byrne,    Alphonsus,    clerk,    36    Mt.    Pleasant    rare, 

Dublin. 
Cassidy,    John,   sewing  machine  agent,    Ballybofey, 

Strabane. 
Coleman,    J.    J.,    publican,    Ballaghaderecn,    Mayo. 
Concannon,    Pafc.,    farmer,    Clarcgalvvay,    Galway. 
Connolly,     Thos.,     lab.,    Drumgoold,     Enniscorthy. 
Culligan,  Ber.,  lab.,  95  Pembroke  cot.,  Doiiny brook 
Cummins,    Pat.,     farmer,    Claregalway,     Galway. 
Cunuiffe,    Jas.,    butcher,    Ballagliadereen,    Mayo. 
Daly.    J'at.    surveyor,    Carrickmacross. 
Daly,    Thos.,    lab.,    13    Lr.    Gloucester    pi.,    Dublin. 
Darcy,    Jas.,    lab.,    Milltown,    Co.    Dublin. 
Darcy,  Joh.i,  postman,  17  Ballsbridgc  terr.,  Dublin, 
Davis,    John,    carpenter,    Shannon,    Enniscorthy. 
Doherty.   Daniel,  clerk",   Butcher  st.,  Strabane. 
Doyle,  Michael,  labourer.  Shannon  Hill,  Enniscorthy. 
Flannery,  B.  J.,  clerk,  Ballagliadereen,  Co.  Mayo. 
Fox,  John,  dock  labourer,  112  St.  Columba's  Wells, 

Derry  City. 
Coen,     John,     farmer,     Ballymaguire,     Arrlaahane, 

Galway. 
Grealy,    Peter,    farmer,   Glanscauly,   Galway. 
Ilyland,  Matthew,  labourer,  Drumgoold,  Enniscorthy. 
Jennings,  James,  plumber.  Bachelor's  Walk,  liundalk 
Kavanagh,   James,    foundry    labourer,    17   Alexandra 

place.  Deny  City. 
Kelly,  Joe,  no  occupation,  Rallagh.idereen.  Co.  "layo. 
Kelly,   W.  J.,   poultry   merchant,  Charlcmont  street, 

Bungannon. 
Kvne.    Michael,    farmer.    Branloughane.    Gahvay. 
Lennon,   Philip,  shop   asst.,   John   st.,    New    Ross. 
Loughran,    W.   J.,   waiter,  O'Neill's  Hotel.   Carncfc 

macross. 
Martin,  Thus.,  farmer.  Maghercloonc,  Carrickmacross. 
M'Cormick,  Thos.,  mcFchant.  Ballaghaderecn,  Mayo. 
M'Grath.  Patrick,  machine  man.  Duffry  Hill,  Ennia- 

corthy.  ..•_.:  .     „.     . 

Strabane. 


Neeson,   John,  teacher.  310  Cupan  st..  Belfast. 
Nolan,   Thos.,  clerk,   W.C.,  Carrickmacross. 
O'Brien,  James,  carpenter,  Carrickmacross. 
O'Brien.  John,  clerk,  4  Old  Church.  Enniscorthy. 
O'Bvrno.  Thos.,  shop  asst.,  Clahbrassil  st.,  Dundalk. 
O'Connor,  Denis,  clerk,  26  Main  st.,  Enniscorthy. 
O'Donnell,   A.,   teacher.   Tull.vcrine,  Co.  Clare. 
O'Gara,     Hartley,     draper's    asst.,    Ballaghadereea, 

Co.    Iffayo. 
O'Hara,  T.    P.,  shop  asst..   Ballairhadercen,   Mayo. 
O'Neill.   James    teacher,    Rockwell   College,   Cashed 

Co.  Tipiierary. 


8t> 


O'Reilly.  Tat.,  bootmaker.  Bath  st.,  Carriekmaeross. 
Quill,   Michael,   lal>ourer,   58   Douglas  st.,   Cork. 
Raul,  Laurence,  10  Foxhall  tee.,  Mornington  road. 
Ryan,   Patk.   J.,  merchant,   Ballaghadereen,   Mayo. 
Sargeant,     Phillip,    trimmer,    59    Holly  bank    road, 

Drumcondra. 
BJnnott,    Patk.,   asst.   agent,   Beheld,    Enniscorthy. 
Trimble.  Joe.  no  occupation,  Ballafthadereen,  Mayo. 
Tobin,   Patk.,  lalwurer,  Bohreen  Hill,  Enniscorthy. 
Wade,  Michl.,  labourer,  24  N.  Gt.  George's  st.,  Dublin 
Ward,   Thos.,    farmer.    Coolfore.    Carriekmaeross. 
Watkins,  Thos.,  clerk,  Temple  Shannon,  Enniscorthy. 

100  TO  WAKEFIELD    ON   2nd  JUNE. 

On  Saturday,  3rd  June,  it  was  announced 
that  the  following  100  prisoners  had  been 
removed  from  Richmond  Barracks,  Dub- 
lin, on  the  1st  June,  and  lodged  in  Wakefield 
Detention  Barracks  on  the  follow  ing  day  : — 

Ahern,   M.,   Dungourncy,   Midleton. 
Ahern,  Con.,  Dun  man  way. 
Barrett,   Ed..   Kilbrittain. 
Brennan,    John,   Carrowkeel,    Roscommon. 
Burke,  Thos.,  James's  street,  Dublin. 
Burns,   Peter,   7  Lindon   street,   Belfast. 
Butterly,  John,  Dunleer. 
Bufterly,    Nicholas,    Dunleer. 
Collins.    David.    Ballard's   lane,   Cork. 
Conway,  Michael,  Grinnage,  Craughwell. 
Cornan,  John,  Macroom. 

Cotton,    A.    W.,    RoSemonnt   Gardens,   Belfast. 
Curtin,  Thos.,   Thomas   Davis  street,  Cork. 
De    lioughrey,    Peter,    Kilkenny. 
Duggan,    William,    Dunmanway. 
Pahey,  John,   Carnakelly,    Kiltulla,   Athenry. 
Fahy,    John,    Caheravoneen,    Co.   Galway. 
Fa  hey,  John  J.,  Bride  street.  Loughrea. 
Faliev,     I'eter,    Carnakelly,    Kiltulla,    Athenry. 
Fahey,    Patk.,   TempTemartin.  Craughwell. 
Fergus',    Tim.     Knocktor,     Kiltulla.     Athenry. 
Flaherty.  M.,  Binckey,  Castlegar,  Galway. 
Fleming,    Patk.,    Clarenbridge.   Oranmore. 
Fleming,   George,   Kinvara.  Co.  Galway. 
Flannery,   Ml.,   Castlegar,   Coolongh,  Galway. 
Furv,   Stephen,   Lecarrow.   Craughwell. 
Fury,    Ml.,     Lecarrow,     Craughwell. 

antley.   Patrick.   Roscrea. 
Bftraghtv.  Oeo'-'re,  Roscommon. 
Gill.    Joseph,    West  port. 

Glynn.  James.    Kairbrothers'   Fields,  Dublin. 
G-rValish,  John.    Kingsland,  Athenry. 
P'rcul'sh.    I'at.   Curraghgreen.   Galway. 


retrai 
Srega'i 
GT'ifnii 


James.  Lower  Geo  IP"5 's  street,  Kin«i"-ir"v-n. 

I'd.,  Seville  ■plaf-c,   Nth.  Strand   rd.,  Dublin 
M..    R-ib-  rb.in 
ll,,lloran.    Denis,    Kiltulla.    Athenry. 
lahh'v.  J5nn.   BYncny.  Castleear,  Ga'way.1 
Ilaiiiiil'fv.    Martin.   Clarprihridjre,    Galway. 
(lanralrm,    F.d..    North    Strand    mad,    Dublin, 
larris,   T     F.,   Tower  street,   Cork. 
lanis,    M.   J.,   Tower   street.   Cork, 
larte.   Fat..  Oranmore,  Galway. 
'•task ins,   Robert,   no  fixed  address. 
teuton,    David.    Loiighcurra.    Kinvara,    Ga'lway. 
teidh'    SataY  Doris   street,   Belfast. 
iig'g'ihs1,  James,   Ellesmefe  avenue,   NIC. R., 'Dublin. 
rlowley,  Patk.,  Granna,  Ardrahan,  Galway. 
rlouriha'ne'.  '  John,    Lick,   Skibhereen.        .  ; 
Iniiey,  John,    Excise  street,  Athlone. 
fynes,  Thos.,    Lisdiiff;   Craughwell,  Galway. 
'ord'ari;  Pat.,!  Newcastle,1  Monfvea,    Co.-  Galway. 
?rarYe,    Pat, '  Gnrrane,    Co.    Galway. 
<prTy,"  Thos.-,    Grange,    Dunleer.  •  ,     , 

[elly,  Thnsi,  Skehana-,  Peterswell.  Co.  Galway*  .  - 
[elly,  James,'  Grange,  Dunleer.  i  •  .  i  •  ;  .  ■  • 
[elly.   T.,    Penkkv-  Co.    Clare.  ■  ..  i  ' 

[ing,  PaK    Kiltulla,'  Oranmtore.  •• 

"„.  W.  T,    Tnam,  ! 
.ayng,''Jf>s..  Dunleer,  Co.  Louth.  :  •       ,  <  .  :      .  ,  ,    ■ 
.eahy,    M.,    Badlywilliam,    Queenstown.     ?  . 

yroch,  MYGrannig,  Kinsale. , 
lahon,    Pat.,    Kiltulla.    Oranmcro.  '       .    i 

fahon;- Thomas,  Kiltulla. i        ,  ,     ;  .  .,  .      : 

lal-inn:  Peter    Mardyke.i  A  fchlone.'  .  ■ 
falone.  James,  Q'eaccri  College,   Limerick, 
tanning,  Daniel,  Ki&iiitain,  Co.  Cork, 


Manning,  Denis,  Kilbrittain,  Co.  Cork. 

McBride,   Joseph,    Westport. 

McKecver,   Andrew.    Court   street,   Enniscorthy. 

McSweeny,  T.  J     Gardiner's  terr.,  Victoria  rd..Cork 

Meade,  W.  J.,  Kilgarriff,  Clonakilty. 

Meade,  J.  W.,  Kilgarriff,  Clonakilty. 

Mulrenan,   Win  ,    Kilkilla,  Co.  Galway. 

Mulroyan.   Bart.,  Kiltulla. 

Mulroyan,    John.    Kiltulla. 

Murphy,    ML,   Aldborough    Parade,    Dublin. 

Murphy,  J.,  Crossmahon,  Bandon. 

Murray,    James,    Gardiner's    place,    Dublin. 

Newell.   Win.,   Castlegar,   Co.   Galwav. 

Newell,   James,   Castlegar,   Co.   Galway. 

O'Dea,   Jn.,    Charleville,    Co.    Cork. 

0;Driscoll,    J.,    Castletownshend.    Co.    Cork 

^,Prn'ye.r-  Fd.,  Ballagh,  Goo  Id's  Cross,  Tippe'rary 

O  llourihane,  Peter.  Skibhereen. 

O'Leary,  Jos.,  it  Tremaddoek   road,  Clapham. 

OLoughlin,    T.,   Carron,  Co.   Clare. 

O'Madden,  P.  L.,  St.  Ignatius  Coll..  Galway. 

O'Mahony,  John,  Gardiner's  place,  Dublin. 

O'Mahony,  C,  Ahiohill,  Enniskeen,  Co.  Cork. 

O  Shea,  P.,  New  lane,   Killarncy. 

O'Shea.  T.,  Dunmanway. 

O'Sullivan,  M.,  Fairhiil,  Killarney. 

Rickard,  James,  Balbriggan. 

Ruane,  Michael,  Glanscaul,   Oranmore. 

Scullen,  Patk.,   North  Circular  road     Dublin 

Tomkins,   Patk.,  Tonbrick.   Ralivcarney,   Ferna. 

Tracey,   T.,    Dean  street,   Kilkenny. 

Tiacey,   M.,  Athenry. 

43    TO    WANDSWORTH     ON    2nd    JUNE. 

On  Saturday,  3rd  June,  it  was  announcer) 
that  the  following  49  prisoners  had  been 
removed  from  Richmond  Barracks,  Dublin, 
on  1st  June,  and  lodged  in  Wandsworth  De- 
tention Barracks  on  the  following  day : — 

Bindon.  Joiin,  Stradbally. 
Byrne    Jos.,  no  fixed  address. 
Casserly,    Peter,    Claiegalway. 
Collins,  J.,   Waterdale.   Claiegalway. 
Cuffe,  Thomas,   4    Pleasants  street,   S.C.R. 

Cullagban,  ,   Miilstieet,   Co.   Cork. 

De  Bourca,   P.,  Carriekmaeross. 
Donoghue,    D.,    Balliuadee. 
Donnelly,   Pat.  Monntbe.gna,  Carlingford. 
Feency,    Pat..    Clarcgalway. 
Ferguson,    .Michael,    Castletown,    Co.    Lou  Hi. 
Fitzgerald     R.s    College  street,    Killarney. 
Foley,    J.,    Ardchiggan.    Castletownbere. 
ilanloii,  .lames.  Castletown,  Co.  Loath. 
Hennessy,    \V  ,    I'ope's    quay;    Cork.    :  ,  ::  •. ,-  ?  ■ 
Hdlgati,    Win  ,    Lower    New    .street,    Killarnev, 
Lark'ii,    John.    99    Lr.    ISdrset    street,    Dublin. 
Lyons,    John,    -oriland'  place  •      i  .  ■    ;      .  ,  ■ 

Maguire.  Beruj-d,  (  lenl'anii,  Co.  Leitrim. 
Male-no,  Thos.  Tyrrell's  Pass,  Westmeaih 
.Martin,  Amlfrose,  Bal'.ycash,  Co.  Wexford. 
McAiten,  B.,  As,;abt  oy,  ("arrickniore.  Tyrone. 
MeCroiy,  Hugh,  Dunrnoyle,  Co.  Tyrone 
M;aahan,  .Jn-;..  Tivoll  Thealr.c.  ,  ■ 
Mullen.    D,.   66    \loyne  .road.  ,,   ; 

Bluiphy  ,M.'   iFlorenee    Villas, .  Drumco-ndraJ  i 
Newell)  Michael,  C'astl'gar,  Gal\\iay: .      f.i  ,   . 

NewelJ,,  Edward.    Ctingw;ell,    Gal.way.   . 
Ney'.and.i  Thos  ,  .Stradbally,  ,Galway.  ,  !    ''    ,': 
Nogan,  J.,   Baltimore  '  ,  ;      ,     • 

Nnia,n,  ,-Ba,rt.,    Ranmore..    Galway.  .  .,  i 

O'Brien,  "Pat.,    Waterdale,    Claregalwajr.;  , -.  ; 
O'Connor,   B.,  1  Brendon  .road,.,  Donnvbr.ook.    .  '  •  ,i. 
O'Doi.ovar?  Thos, ,. New  .Rirmu^iiaui,  Tiiuriesj 
OTIehir,   Hugh.  -"■  ,      , 

0'Kell.y,.  John  T.,  ,%7,  Upr.  .Rut^nd  .street,  Dublin.-  , , 
O'Leary.  J.,  ■Clvimivil.ty.  .  •  .  .  j 

O'Neill,  John,  Rallybough  jroad,  Dublin.  •;'.■■       , 
O'Nhill.i  John,   Grenville   streo.f.  Dublin.' 
O'Conuell,  J.,  Lower  Leeson  street,   Dublin,     i   , 
O'Dea.    Michael     Stradb.all.v.    j\ilcug,au.  I      .,.;        .,  . 
o'Keeffe..  Pat.,  .Lower  Camden  street.  ,  .  i     ,,.  i  /     ,  i 
O'SjiijHvan.  S..  Mounljoy  street,  ,D,i:Uin       ,   •■ 
RalTley  :  H«'iael,   ballyhril  t.  (;o  '■(jaivmy.  .  •  i 

ScxlJ?Si|..,4   j  1.,  :St.,  Joseph's  .Hven.iie,    Dr,iiHi?ondra.  ;. , . 
ShaniiSn.    (nia>>.,    27.  Canning   stieti,    Belttii. 
Smyth     Michael,  no  address. 
Vaid,  P.,  24  Uamiiton  street.  S.C.U. 


86 


50  TO    KNUTSFORD    ON    2nd   JUNE. 

On  Saturday,  3rd  June,  it  was  announced 
that  the  following  50  prisoners  had  been 
removed  from  Richmond  Barracks,  Dub- 
lin, on  the  1st  June,  and  lodged  in  Knutsford 
Detention  Barracks  on  the  following   day:— 

Booth    Frank,  Alexander  street.  AV.,  Belfast. 

Bindon,  Thos.,  Stradbally,  Kilcolga. 

Rirrell    L'.  T-.   Williamson  s  place.    Dundalk. 

Carr    Martin,  Cloonacorncen,  Castlegar. 

Conn'cll    John,  <  larenbridge,  Oranmore. 

Fallon     Bernard.    Two-Mile-Ditch.    Castlegar. 

Foran.' T.,  Clonliffe  road,  DrumconJra. 

Hessin,   Michael,  Templemartin,  Craugnwell 

Johnson    James.  Limavcane,  Sandovvn  roan,  Leltast. 

Keane     John.    Derrydonnell,    Athenry . 

Kcighcnv,  M  ,  Ballyboy,  Ardrahan. 

I'et'iy     Wra.,    Attymon,    Athenry. 

Kiikullv    John,  Canshow,  Kinvara. 

1  ally     Frank,   Taltyho.    Athenry. 

Larkin.  Jos..  Lower  Dorset  street 

j  vi'  It    Michael,  St    Clements  road,  DrumeondrJ..  ■ 

Mam  ibnv  Michael,  Athenry.  . 

Mason    Thos.  St.  Jones's  ave..  Clonliffe  rd.,  Dubha. 

McCarin    Fierce,  Ballvowen,  Cashel.  ' 

McCullO!i"h.   Denis,  Gros'venor  road.  Belfast. 

McDowell.  Chas.,  Logan  street.  Belfast. 

McTrery,  Tho*.,  Cashenmoore,  Mnvara. 

McNallv    Feter    Belvedere  place.   Dublin. 

Michel!    Fat.  Anne  street.  Dublin. 

Monaghan,    Pat.    Kiltulla,    Athenry. 

Merriman.  Thos..  Fmmet  road    Inch  wore. 

Nensly,   Frank,  Chapel   lane,  Dundalk. 

Nolan,   Jas..    Athenry 

r,'F>ea    John.  Shadberry,  Tvilcotean,  Oalway. 

O'Neill    Felix,  Barrack  street,  Dundalk. 

Ou'irke  '  Martin.  Ballnagran,  Cratighwell. 

Bourke    Jas.    Coxtriwn,  Ardrahan. 

Ron  an  '  Fat.,    Castlegar,    Co.    Galway. 

Rvrter     Michael.    Ballinamanna,    Oranmore. 

ShaWhnessy,    Michael,    F.allylin,  Craughwell. 

Silver".    Patrick     Ardrahan. 

Smith,    Jas      Belfast. 

Stanley,  J.   M.,   Dpper   T.iffey  street. 

Stanton.  Michael.  Cioonarke,  Kinvara.     _ 

Tanner,    Wm.,    3    Wilton    terrace.    Dublin. 

Thomson,  Martin,  Grnnnn.  Ardrahan. 

Thompson,   Martin.   Failyhene.   Ardrahaa 

Thompson.  Wm.,  Ballylvoy.  Ardrahan. 

Walsh,   Micha?l.   Knorkatohc".   Kiltulla. 

Walsh    Thos..   no  fivetl   address 

Walsh!  Michael..  Glenscnul.  Oranmore 

Wall    Ma'lin,  Brocke.v    Castlegar. 

Ward    Joseph    Kiltulla.    M  henry.. 

Wilson    Thos.,    Albert     Brjdgje    roid.    Belfast. 


41    TO    KNUTSFORD    ON   7th  JUNE. 

On  Thursday,  15th  June  it  was  announced 
that  the  following  prisoners  were  re-r.'ioved 
from  Richmond  Barracks,  Dublin,  on  the  6th 
June,  end  lodged'  in  Knutsford  Detention 
Barracks   on   the   following   day  :— 

Barrett.  James,  house  painter,  Athenry,  Co.  Galway. 
Breonan,    James,    organ    builder,    59    Bride    street, 

Dublin. 
Byrne,  Joseph,   gardener,  St.   Mary's  College,   Balh.- 

mines,  Dublin. 
Clc-ry    John,  plasterer.  Athenry,  Co.  Galway. 
Council,  Thomas,  farmer,   Barrctsp.ark,  Athenry.    ' 
Conollv,   Alex.,    Labour    Exchange  clerk,   2  Alatnada 

terrace,  palls  road,  Belfast. 
Conolly.    Joseph,    house    furnisher,    38    DlV.td    Drive. 

Glen  road,  Belfast. 
Connors,  Joseph,  farmer,   DcrfOUgh,  Co.  Galway. 
X)aly.  TbomfW,  clerk.   Mountain   View.  Tippcrary. 
ftiiggan,  Th*«aa8,  farmer.  Ross  Hill.  Galway. 
Jttaadon,    l>»%»rd,   medical    practitioner,   Borvis,   Co. 

<  arliw 
Oynne.    ArfrjuT,    grocer's    assistant.    3    Irish    street, 
Jinui&corihy. 


Fury,  Thomas,  farmer,  Rhen,  Oranmore,  Galway. 

Ilealy,  F.  F.,  barrister,  Wilmount  House,  Queens- 
town. 

ITowlett,  John,  messenger   21  Great  Ship  street. 

Kennedy.  Luke,  whitesmith,  58  Great  Charles 
street,   Dublin. 

Lalor,  Patrick,  artist,  16  Valentia  Parade,  Dublin, 
N.C.R. 

McCarthy.  Daniel,  cooper,  East  Gro?n,  Dunmanway, 
Co.  Cork. 

M'Linn,  Joseph,  insurance  agent.  Tralee. 

Milroy,  John,  confectioner,  82  Talbot  street,  Dublin. 

Moaaghan,  Philip,  school  teacher,  7  Carlingford 
terrace,    Drumcondra,  Dublin. 

Morris,  William,  butler,  St.  Mary's  College,  Rath- 
mines,   Dublin. 

Morrisey.  Martin,  shop  assistant,  Athenry,  Co.  Gal- 
way. 

Murphy,  Eugene,  labourer,  Barna  Upton.  Co.  Cork. 

Murphy.  Con.,  farmer,  Ballydary,  Millstreei,  Co. 
Cork. 

Murphy,  N.  J.,  commercial  traveller,  11  Monck 
street,  Wexford. 

O'Brien.  William,  master  tailor,  43  Belvedere  place, 
Dublin. 

O'Connor,  M.  -J.,  Trade  Unioa  Secretary,  clerk, 
Upper  Rock  street,  Tralee. 

O'Keefe,   Eugene,   farmer,  Courlea,  Clonakilty. 

O'Reilly,  Paul,  machinist,  39  Daniel  street,  Dublin. 

Redmond,  Lawrence,  labourer,  2  Caroline  row, 
Ringsend. 

Roughan,  Bryan,  farmer,  Derrouah,  Co.  Galway. 

Ryan,  John,   farmer's  son,  Castlegare,  Co.  Galway. 

Sexton.  Timothy,  farmer,  Skaif,  Timoleaguo,  Co. 
Cork. 

Silver,  Michael,  farmer,  Rathbairn,  Ardrahan. 

Spillane,  Michael,  boot  and  shoe-maker,  Killarncy, 
Kerry. 

Sullivan,  Con.,  priest's  boy,  The  Presbytery,  Dun- 
manway. 

Supple,  Patrick,  clerk,  no  fixed  address  (Dublin). 

Wall,  John,  farmer's  son,  Kiltulla,  Oranmore  Co 
Galway. 

Walsh,  John,  carpenter,  Athenry,  Co.  Galway.     • 

AValsh,  Michael,  farmer,  Rathroon,  Bandon,  Cork. 

25  TO    KNUTSFORD    ON    JUNE    16th. 

On  Wednesday,  21st  June,  it  was  an- 
nounced that  the  following  25  prisoners 
who  were  removed  from  Richmond 
Barracks,  Dublin,  on  15th  June,  1916,  were 
lodged  in  Knutsford  Detention  Barracks  on 
the   following  day:—; 

Coslcllo,   Martin,    blacksmith,  Oranmore. 
Duiioghue,    Con.,    Uatroul,     Builinadce,    Bandon 
Donoghue,    Balk.,    Ua'trout,    Ballinadee,    Bandon 
l'ahy,   Talk.,   farmer,   Lavally,  Craughwell 
I'iiiU.v,  Juhn,  40  Nth.  Camming  .si.,  Dublin 
Freaney,    ML,    MouriiA/o    West;  Oranmore. ' 
llalcs,   John,   farmer,    Knooknacurra,    Bandon    Corl 
Ualpin,    inn.    Robt.,   shipbuilder,    k    &(,.    Valontinol 

terrace.  West  road,  Dublin. 
ITalpin,   Wm.  Thos.,  53   l.r.    Doininick   si.,   Dublin 
llanralty,    Jas.,    compositor,    Mill    street,    Dimiiilk. 
Ilcarne,    Edward,   Spring    Valley,    Fnniscorlhy 
Ilerty,   Thomas,  cardrivcr.   17    Bridge  st.,   Dundalk. 
Jourdun,  Stephen  Jos.,  bootmaker.  Davis  st..Athenrjn 
Kelly,    John,    foreman,   0   Swift'a  row.    Dublin 
Kelly,    ML,    farmer's   son,    Caherleriscaun,   Athene 
Lnrhin.    Stephen,    Danish    Islan  I,    Latter    Mullen." 
McCrave,  Thomas,   carter,  Seatowra,   Dundalk. 
Murphy;    Richd.,    farmer.   Cross  street,   Athenry. 
Nielanf,    Martin,    farmer.  The    Weir,    Kilcolgan. 
Nolan    Fatk.   Jo3.,    6    Newfoundland  St..    Dublin. 
O'Dea.    Thomas,    farmer.    Stradbally.    Kilcolgan. 
O'Dca.  'Pattt.  Jos.,  StruHhally.   Kilcolgan, 
Ice.lly,  Friuicis,   b'acksmilh,   Cress   street,    Allien 
hlokes,     Tbos  Jon.,      11  Duff  rev  St.,    Fnniscorlhy 
tborulou.  doa„    shopkeeper.   Skerries,   Co.    Du'bl 


87 


211  PERSONS  DETAINED  AT  RICHMOND 
BARRACKS. 


The  following  official  list  of  the  persona 
confined  at  Richmond  Barracks  was  issued  on 
Saturday,    20th   May  : — 

Allen,   James;   Allen,    Win. ;  Allen,   Thos. 

Burke,  T.  F.;  Birrell,  P.  J.;  Booth,  Frank; 
Byrne,  Peter;  Burke,  James:  Burke,  Michael; 
Ureunan,  Thos.;  Burke  Thos.;  Bindon,  Thos.; 
Bracken,  Peter;  Brennan,  J.  SI.;  Butterly,  John; 
Bulterly,  Nich. ;  Byrne,  Jos.;  Balfe,  Root.;  Bren- 
nan, John;  Biggs,  Patk.;  Broderick.  J.;  Brennan, 
M.  J  ;  Brennan.  Patk.;   Brennan,   F;  Byrne,  Thos. 

Cullen,  James;  Cullen,  C. ;  Carhp-bell,  J.;  Connor. 
Thos.;  Collins,  John;  Corhett,  Dominick;  Costello, 
Mich.;  Carr,  Martin;  Cuffe,  Thos.;  Connolly.  Jos.; 
Connolly,  Alex.;  Cotton,  A.  W. ;  Cleary,  T.  V.; 
Casseriy,  Pat.;  Cowley.  John;  Cooney,  John;  Char- 
dyce.  IScrtie;  Cusack,  Paul;  Cassidy,  Michael;  Coen, 
Michael;  Corhett,  John;  Clarke.  James. 

Donoghue,  Peter:  Pun  levy,  Patk.;  Daffy,  Pat.; 
Daly,  Matt;  Dixon.  Henry;  Dorris,  Pat.  Jos.; 
Duggnn,  Thos.;  De  Bourca,  P.;  Duridon.  Ed.; 
De  Eoughrey,  Petei';  Dillon,  Hubert;  Delaney. 
John;    Duggan,    Thos. 

Elliott,    J.    J. 

Fitzegerald,  T. ;  Fopnii 
Fahey,  Michael;  Fahey. 
Fallow,  Bern;  Faran.  T. ; 
Patk.;    Fallon,    Michael. 

Cretan,  James;  Gaffney,  Jos.:  Greali 
Grealish,  Bern.;  Garland.  P.:  Geratby 
Grealish,  Patk. ;   Gill,   Jos.;  Oraham.   Jos. 

Hurley.  John:  Dynes.  Thos.;  Ilaskin,  Robt. 
Heron,  Sam.;  Herty,  Thos.;  Darte,  Win.;  lleely 
v.  J.;  Harris,  F  F.;  Harris,  M.  J.;  Parte.  Patk* 
Holland,  Patk.:  Pauley  Ed.;  Higgins,  James 
Hogan.   Thos.:    Hughes,   Chas. 

Inskipp,    Peter. 

Johnson,  J.;  Jordan    Patk. 

Kim?,  Patk.,  Kavanagh,  John;  Kirwin,  W. 
Kennedy.  Luke;  Kelly,  James;  Kelly,  Thos. ;' Kelly 
T. ;    Keene,    Patk. 


Michael;  Fogan.  Thos.; 
James;  Fahey,  Martin; 
Figgis,    Barrel] ;    Fecney, 


,    John; 
George; 


Lehey,  Deni 
J.;  l.ayng,  Jus. ;   l.y 
Michael;    Lynch,    M. 

McCarthy,  J.  J.; 

Mnlroyao.  Win. 
Denis;  Mc  Dowel 
Patk.-.  Mu'.len, 
M  •,  Monaghan. 
M'cCrory,  Hush 
Minahan.  .Ins.; 
ilahoii,  Patk.; 
Mulroy,     Bait 


[.ally,  Michael ;   Parkin,  ,T.;  Parkin, 
.  John;   l.ouyhley,   W. ;  Lehey] 


J.;     "-elinn,    Peter;    Murrav,   Frank 
f-.cf.ouyhlin,    Patk.;    McCrllough, 
,     'has;    Morrissey,    Patk.;    Mahon, 
/Trench;    Murray.   Jos.;    Murphy, 
foil.;    Mi  troy,   John;    MeCarten   B  • 
McGuire.     Bern.;     Mr  Howes,     II.; 
Molone,    Thos.;        Mooney,    Jos.; 
Manor;,.     Thos.;     Manning.     Patk.; 
Mulroy,    John.;        Maron.    John; 
Malone,  Jas.;   Malin.  Jos.;   McBride,  Jos.;  McNally. 
Henry;   Morris.   Joe;    Mahoney,   Abel. 

Newell,     VVm. ;     Newell.     Jas.;         Nfsev,     Frank- 
Newell.    Ed.;    Newell,    Michael;    Nolan,    Bart. 
O'Leary     Patk.:    O'Neill.    John;     O'Neill 
O'Reilly,    John;    O'Brien,     W;        O'Brien, 
O'Connor.     B  :     O'Connor.     John:     O'Urhir. 


O'Mahoiiey.    John;    O'Kelly     T. 


am 


Felix; 
Patk.; 
Hugh; 

John ; 
Thos. ; 


(j  ■    O'Neill, 

O  Donovan 
;        O'Sullivan,     G. ; 
;   O'Donnell,    Philip; 
O'Dwver,     Ed.; 
,  T. ;  O'Ruurke.   B. 


O'Neill      John;    O'Neill,     J.     J 
O'ConneM,   .1.;   O' Madden.    P.    L. 
O'Connor,     N.     J   ;         O'Pea      J 

0  llourihane.    Peter;   O'Longhlin 
1'nrceli,  Jer. ;    Parker,   Thos. 
Onion,   Chis.;   Quigley,    .lis. 

Ral'fly,  Michael;  Ryan  Michael;  Ruane,  Michael; 
Ruane.    Martin-    Ryan,   Thomas. 

sheridiin,  E  ;  Slack,  Austin;  Sweeney.  Terence; 
Sally,  .Pts  .  smith,  .Pis.;   Stanley,  Jos.    M  ;  Sutne-rV. 

1  llo's  ;     Scii'lrn      J.     .1    ;     "sinythe,     M.cllue);     Scullcn, 
1'alk   :    Siidouoil.    Chas. 

'i  raee.v,    l    ;    Treaey.    Michael 

Wall.  Jonn;  \\  iIm.ii,  Th  j«  ;  Walsh  Thos  ;  Vard. 
P.,    Warwick,   J"S.;    Wheiau.   Jas.;    \\  estuij,   Thos. 


Among  the  names  of  deported  persons 
officially  supplied  was  that  of  "Andrew  Com- 
merford,  4  Upper  Kevin  street."  E.  Murray 
of  that  address  wrote  to  say  that  no  one  of 
the  name  of  Commerford  lived  there. 

In  the  official  list  of  deported  prisoners 
issued  on  16th  May  there  appeared  the  name 
of  Myles  Redmond,  6  Parnell  street,  Wex- 
ford'. Subsequently  the  Irish  Times  was  re- 
quested to  state  that  Myles  Redmond  did  not 
reside   at  that   address. 

Mr.  Octavus  Hardy,  of  17  Belgrave  road, 
Rathmines,  was  arrested  at  that  address  in 
connection  with  the  Easter  rising  in  Dublin. 
Ill  was  released  soon  afterwards,  and  re- 
ceived a  communication  from  the  War  Office 
enclosing  an  extract  from  a  statement  from 
General  Headquarters  at  Dublin.  This  state- 
ment says: — "It  was  made  clear  that  Mr. 
Hardy  was  a  thoroughly  loyal  subject,  and 
that  his  arrest  was  merely  one  of  the  un- 
fortunate incidents  which  are  bound  to  arise 
in  the  course  of  such  military  operations  as 
those  which  took  place  in  the  Dublin  area." 

Mrs.  Mary  McQuade,  of  82  Upper  Rath- 
mines,  pointed  out  that  in  the  list  ot  deported 
prisoners  officially  issued  on  Friday,  12th  May, 
the  name  Owen  Kerrigan,  82  Upper  Rath- 
mines,  appears.  She  wished  to  state  that  no 
such  person  ever  resided  at  82  Upper  Rath- 
mines. 


NAMES    OF   PRISONERS    RELEASED. 

206    UP    TO    12th   MAY. 

The  military  authorities  on  Wednesday, 
24th  May,  announced  that  after  fully  in- 
vestigating the  cases  of  the  following  men 
they  were  released.  This  list  was  made  up 
to  the  12th  May.:— 


Adams,    John, 
B. 


Dublin. 


Bannon,   Tho<;.,   Dublin. 
Bateson,  Frank,  E<m!h 
Begiey,    F.,   Bandon,  Cork 
Behan.  Ja-s.,    Eairview. 
Bennett,  T.,  Cast lek nock. 
Bovne,   John,    Dublin. 
Brady,  Thos.,  Dublin. 
Breenty,   Wm,,    Dublin. 
Brennan,   Thos.,    Finglas. 
Brennan,    L.,   Dublin. 

I 
Cardigan,   Jas.,    Dublin. 
Carney,    Alfred,    Dublir 
Carroll.   Bernard.   Dubl,.  . 
Carroll.    Pat.,    Dublin. 
Chavasse,  (.'laud,    Dublin. 
Clarke,    Pat,,    Dublin. 
Coade,   John,    Dublin. 
Codlin,   J  ,    Emii.-eortby. 
Condron,    J  ,    Lrishtown. 
Coughlan,   Ml.,    Dublin. 

I 
Dalton,    Pat.,    Dublin. 
Darcey,   M  ,    Dublin 
Delaney,   Thos.,    Dublin. 
Devon*.    Jas.,  Strabane. 
Devjne,   Ed  ,  Strahaiie. 
Dihon,  ■  Jas  ,    Dumlrum. 
Divine,   Thos  ,    Dublin 
Donnelly,   Jus-.,    Dublin. 

! 
Egan,    We,    Dublin. 


Brophy,  Thos..  Dublin. 
Brown,    Jas  ,    Dunlin. 
Buryne,   Peter,   Dublin. 
Butler,    Geo.,    Dublin. 
Butler,  Jas.,  Dublin. 
Byrne,   John,    Dublin. 
Byrne,  P.  J.,  Enniscorthy 
Byrne,    V.,    Dublin. 
Byrne;   Ed.,    Dublin. 


Conly,    M„   Dublin. 
Conmore,  P.,  Eni.^rorthy 
(  onroy,Jas.,sen  , Dundaik 
Cohroi.   Jas.,   jun.,   do 
i  'orcoran,    Pat.,    Dublin 
Corngan,  Jas..    Kilkenny 
C">giove,   Ed,  Ne«  bridge 
C  nsh'ue,  Thos.,   Galway. 
C'l  rtis.  Jas.,   DuLhn. 


p.  novan.  M  ,  Dublin. 
Doyle,    Sylvester,     Dublin. 
Devle,  '1  hos  ,    Duhlici 
DcsvNng,  Thos  .    Dublin. 
Dunne,    Thos  ,    Dublin. 
Dunne,    Thos.,    Dublin. 
Duiibar,   J. is  ,    herui 
Dyaas.   Albert,   Dublin. 

Eiir'ght,  John,  Dublin. 


C3 


Flanagan,    Rev.    Patrick.  Fitzgibbon,    M.,    Fcrmoy. 

Riiigseiul.  I'lynn.   P.,    Phibsboro.uah. 

Flatmugan.    T.  Fitzpatriek,  Thos..  Dublin 

lechan,  Jas.,   Dublia.  Fitzsimmons,  John.  do. 

G. 

flavin.  Tims.,  Co.   Louth.  Orecn.    Arthur,    Dindalk. 

Geoghan,    Stephen.  Grrrn.   Pat.,  rVuhiin. 

Gerathy.    Pat..    Dublin.  Gordon,   Ed.,    Dublin. 
Gogan,    Richard,    Dublin. 

H. 

TTannon,    Arthur,    Dublin.  Ilolmps.    Thos.,    Dublin. 

Harper,    Thos.      Dublin.  Ilolton     John 

Harrison,    Pte.    Robt.  Howard.  Ed.,  Dublin, 

lleffornan.    Wm.,    Dublin.  Howard,  Cornelius    do. 

Hennes'sy,    Pat  Hunter.    John.    Dublin. 

ifpvry,  Thos.  Enniscorthy  Dnssey,   G.,    Dublin 

Iiognn,   ML,  Co.  Wexford  llynes,    51.,   Co.   Galway. 

J. 

Jennings.   Thos.,    Dublin.  Jordan,   ML,  Enniscorthy 

K. 

Kane.   Jos.,    Dublin.  Kelly.   Jos..   Dublin. 

Kavanngh.     Art.  Kelly.   J.    M„    Dublin. 

Kavanaah.   Ed..   Dublin.  Keenin.    Thos.,    Dublin. 

Kavanatrh.  John    Dublin.  Kennedy.   J.,    Athenry. 

Kavanaah,    M ..    Dublin.  Kennv,    ML,    Dnhlin 

Kelly.    ML,    Dublin  Kcogh.    Tims.,    Dublin. 

Kellv,   Matt..    Dublin.  Kinse.Ua.    ML,    Dublin 

Kelly.  Aid.  J.  J.,  Dublin.  Kirwan,    Thos.,    Dublin. 

L. 

Falor.  Fenton,  Co   Louth.  Leech.    Thos-..    Dublin. 

Labor,    Pat.,    Dublin.  Lee,    Hugh.    Dublin. 

Lambe,    Pat.,   Dublin.  Lemas.  John,  Dublin. 

Law  lor,     Pat..    Clontarf.  Lynch,    Pat. 

M. 

Maekev,    Robt.  M'Krnnn.    John.   Dublin. 

Ma  honey.   J.,    P.andon.  M'Namara,  G.  F.,   Dublin 

Maugin     M.,    Dublin.  M'Namara,  T.,  Limerick. 

Mapothrr,    Pat.    F..    do.  M'Quillan.   Wm..   Louth. 

Mapother.  ML  J.,  do  Meade,   ML.    Dublin 

Markliam.  T  J,   Fairview  Moloney,   J.,   FingTas. 

Mason     Pat.,    Dublin.  Moore,   Andrew,    Dublin. 

M'Cabe.    ML.    Dublin.  Moore.     Peter.    Dublin. 

M'Carthy,   Barry.   Dublin.  Monks.  Christopher,  do. 

M'CaiMiy,    M,    Co    ( ork.  Morrimnn.    Ed..    Dublin. 

M 'Clean'.    Wm.,     Dublin  Mlirragh,    Jos.,     Dublin. 

M'Cormack.   Chris.,    do  Murphy.     Robt..    Dublin. 

M   Dennett.    Louis.  Dublin  Murphy.    A.,     Dublin 

MacDonaa).   in?.,    Dublin  Murphy,    R.,    Go     Cork 

M'Donell.  Andrew    Dublin  Murray,    J,    Enniscorthy. 

MOiaue.   Mi,    Dublin  Murray,    Pte.     Jas. 
M'Guire,  J.,  Enniscorthy. 

N. 

Naughtcr,  Jas.,    Dublin.  Newsome,  F., Enniscorthy 

O. 

'VRrien    Pat.,    Dublin.  O'Neill.   Clarence. 

(ilium.    Denis,    Dublin  O'Neill.    Aid     1.  .    Dublin. 

O'Connor,    IVier.    Dublin  O'Neill.    Pat.    Dublin. 

tin nneil,  (  tins..    Dublin  O'Norton,    Owen 

O  Donneil.    W  m  ,    Dublin  O'Reardon,    N .,    Dublin. 

O'Dwyer.    Ml.    Dublin  O'Reilly,    Pal..    Dublin. 

11  Kir, v    John.   Droaheria  O'Reilly.   John     Dublin 

OMala.nev.    [id.    Dal. in  o  Rourke.    Fred.    Dublin. 

O  Moore.    Rono'iali     do  O'Khen.   John,     Dulum 

<  1  Murray,    Ed  .    Dublia,  O'Toole.    Eras  .    Dublin. 

O  Neill.    John,    Clare.  Oman,    V.  in..    Dublin. 


Tahan.     Richard.  Dublin.    Thornton.    Pat.,    Dublin. 
Tanning,     M.,     Fittglas.       Treling,     M.,     Dublin. 


Wall,   Joseph   E..   Dublin.     Wills,     Robe-lit. 

Walsh,    Wm.,    Dublin.  Wills,     Henry,      Dublin. 

White,    ML,    Dublin. 

Y. 
Young,    Ed.,     Dublin. 

64    WOMEN    UP    TO    22nd    MAY. 

On  Monday,  29th  May,  the  military  authori- 
ties announced  that  having  fully  investigated 
the  cases  of  the  following  men  and  women, 
they  had  been  released.  This  list  was  made 
up  to  the  22nd  May  :— 

Names  of  sixty-four1  women  prisoners  w  ho 
ia  ere  released  : — 


Barrett 

Kitty. 

Mailer,     Kathleen.- 

Brady, 

Bridget. 

Markhan.    Pauline. 

Brown, 

Kate. 

Martin,    Kate. 

Brort  n. 

Martha 

McCauley.    Julia. 

Byrne, 

Mary. 

McGowan,    Jos.phina, 

Byrne, 

Katie. 

McLaughlin,    Maggie. 

Byrne. 

Eileen. 

McNamara,    Rose. 

C 

M.fNaniee,     Agnes. 

Ca  rron. 

May. 

Mead,     Florence. 

Coonpy 

Lily. 

Mitchell,     Carolina. 

Cooney 

Annie. 

Mullally,    Rose. 

Cooney 

Eileen. 

Mu, La!1,     Lizzie 

Cosgrave,     Marcella. 

Murphy,     Kathleen. 

D 

Murtagh.     Bridget. 

Davis, 

Bridget. 

N 

E 

N-orgrove,    A:'rie~ 

Ennis, 

Ellen. 

Norgrove,     Em;iy. 

F 

0 

Fleming 

r;    Kathleen. 

O'Brcnnan.    Lil'y. 

C 

O'Daly,     Nora 

Gaban, 

May. 

O' Flaherty.  Margaret. 

Goff, 

JridGret. 

O'llanlon,    Sheila 

G  re  nan 

Julia. 

O'Keeffc,     Josephine. 

H 

O'KcefTe,     Kmily. 

Racket 

Rns.anna. 

O'Moore.     May 

ITegart 

-.   Rridcet. 

O'Sullivan,     Louisa. 

Humphreys,     Ellen. 

P 

J 

Partridge.     Mary. 

Joyce, 

Maggie. 

0 

K 

Oiii'rVv,  p-'isci'la. 

Kellv, 

Kittv. 

Qtngley,     Maria. 

Kelly, 

Martha. 

R 

Kelly. 

Josephine. 

Retz,     Barbara. 

Kenny, 

Bridy. 

S 

Kennedy,     Margaret. 

Seerv,     Kathleen. 

L 

Sh.anaharan      Jane. 

Listen, 

Catherine. 

Spici-r,     Jurephine. 

l.iston, 

Mary. 

Sullivan,      Mary 

(..vans, 

Bridscet. 

T 

Lynch, 

Bessie. 

Troston,    Catherine. 

133    MEN    UP    TO    22nd    MAY. 

Names  of  male  prisoners,  released  from  13tfc 
May  to  22nd  May,  inclusive : — 


Pirker,   George,    Dublin.       Picker.     .I       Galwav 
l'-i,     Denis     Dili  tin.  Ponder.     Ilirnv,     Dub'in. 

Phillip.-,   Matthew,    Dublin.  I'rmgle,     Robt  ,     Dublin. 

0 
Quino,   J  >hn.    Dublin  Quinn,     Patrick,     Dublin. 

n. 
Rjfter,     William  Rowan      l.aur       Kiilr-p. 

Ui'uni     Lawrence   Dublin    Riwiefl,  T    Raitrtnii,  Cork 
1:  .  Ihtniriie.     Divid,    do       Ryau,    J  ,    D  .him 
KiluoMiy.     Robt  .Dublin 

Si 

-m-l.-i-s.     W.     Dublin.  Slamri.rd.     V'  ,     V-bMii. 

>,uii..    \\i'ii(m  Stake,    P.    ftnnlscorihy. 

m-hts,     David     Dublin.  Sntlon.    Ml.   Euiiiscoiiny. 

•s.-ivci-     -.    A  ib  lone  Suaim.     Aid ...     Dublin 

Mii-I  Pird         Wlllii'ii  PrtPHIlPy,      A.      KilOa'p 

Rhrrubin,  John,    fork.  Svuiiod.    J.  inn.    term. 

4ta  fiord,   lieu..  Dublia. 


AHen,   Ceo.,    Dublin. 


c 


Bin  ian.    J  ,.eph 
P  >v  1  in,     I',  Lv«rd 
Roylan,   Peter. 
Riven     I 'tit 
Brusu.a,    John,   Tralee. 


C-tf'ey.   Frs ..   Dublin 
Carney.    T,    Oraniooro. 
(  arr.    Jos  .    Droghedft 
1  .i-i-.v.    James 
Caseidy.     r  ,     Mul.tfngar. 
<  I  irk p,    Jis.    Dublin 
fiiiiiii8.    I.J..     IXuiilM'e 
Ui  i«u.    1'U  .(  larenbi  iiU'o 


Butler,  D  ,    Coiirf.own. 

Bvrne.  John,    Dublin. 

Byrne,  Ice,     Dublin. 

Byrne,  Joseph. 


Corcoran,    llios.,    Clare* 

bridge. 
Couioiy.      Win.,      Euni* 

corihy 
Cr<iwe.     Martin,     Ru,ui% 

Co    Clire 
Cudden,    Matt.,    Dublin. 


83 


Dnsrsan,  E. 

Dempsey,   Cbas.,    Dublin. 
Duffy,    Thos..     Dublin 
Donohne.      J  as.,      L'nnis- 

corthy. 
Doyle,    Richard,    flo. 
Dougherty,  John.  Sandy- 

moimt. 
Dowling,    ML,    Dublin. 

Edelstein.    J. 


E. 


Donoffhue    Dan.,    Dublin. 
Dunne,    John,    Dublin. 
Duke     Rich.,     St.     Mar- 
garet's. 
Duff,    Anthony,    Skerries. 
Dulig,    ML,    Tralee. 
Doyle,   John    A. 
Doyle,    Thos.,    Dublin 
Devitt,    E.,    Dublin. 

Elliott,   John   J..  Athlone. 


Fay,    James,    Dublin.  Fitzgerald;     John,     Gias- 

FUtnnagan,    T.,Oranmore.         nevin. 

Fulham,    Thos..    Dublin. 
G 
Graffigan,    Ed.    Digby,    Dublin. 


Halpin,    J.    F.    Dnbli't. 
Itaipin,    J.,    Dublin 
Hughes,    Gbt.,    Athlone. 
Hardy,    O.,    Dublin. 
Hardy,    J.,    Dublin. 
Humphreys,    J..     DuWi' 
Harnett,    Richard,    do 


H 


Hastings,  John,   Dublin. 
ITalloran,    J.,    Oranmore. 
Itinvey,  John,   Dublin. 
Hanvey.   Robert,   Dublin. 
Hanvey,    Francis    Lubi'a 
Hynefe,    Wm.,    Oranbeg. 
Hogau,    Win.,    Dublin. 


Jenn:ngs,M.  O  V.  Dublin      Jones,   Peter,   Dublin 


K 


Kavanagh,    Tat,    Ennis  Keogh,    Ml.,    North   Strd. 

ou'ihy  Kennedy    John,    Dublin 

Kavanagh,     John,     M'l-  Kilcoyhe,    Arthur,    DnblMi 

town,  Frrns.  Kennedy,  Jas.,  Tralee- 
Kelly,    P.    B.,  Cabra   Pk. 


Lyndon     P. 

Laden,    Matt.,    Dublin. 

Larkin,     John,     Dublin. 


M 


f  a'-ev,    Ml..    Skerries. 
Lang,     Francis,     Dublin. 
Lawler.   C'has.,   Glasnevin 


MeGill,    Edmund.  Matthews.    John.    Dublin. 

RIcGloughlin,  Ml.,  Dublin  Munstet,  Thos.,  TJrogheda 

Murray,'      Ben.,       Funis-  Meflugh,  Phil  .  Thniskeen 

corthy.  Mahoney,    Abel,    Tralee. 

Murphy,    Rbt.,    do.  McKenna,   Ml.,   Tralee. 

Moran,    Ml,    Rnniscorthy.  MaeMahon,      Fred       W., 
lilcManns,    Wm.,    Dublin  Dublin. 

McAllister,  HI.,   Dnnahate  Mc,Grath,    Pat.,    Dublin, 

Murray,    Peter.   Athlone  Moore,    John,    Dublin. 

Maloney.    II.   J..    Dublin.  Martin,   J.  P.,  Gahvay. 

Murray,   Jos.,    West  land  Molloy,    John.    Dublin. 

row'  Moroney,   John,    Dublin. 
N 

Nolan,    Ml.,    Er.niseorthy  Norrie,    David    II.,    Lon- 
douderiy. 


O'Brirn     John.    Athlone. 
O'Neill,  Geo.,   Dublin. 
O'Brien,    Pat.    Vbi..    do. 
C-'Shea,   HI..  Tralee. 
O'Reilly,    John,    Dublin. 

rhelan,   Thos..   Dublin. 
Power,    Jos.,    Inchieare. 
Power,    Wm.,    Inehicore. 
Power,    Arthur,    do. 

Quinn,    Hugh,    Dublin 


0" Donoffhue,    t>r.    TIarrv, 

Dublin 
O'Neill,     John,     Dublin. 
O'Donnell,   Phil.,  Clonrnd 


Phillips,  P  J.,  Dublin. 
Parnell,  Mat..  Dublin. 
Perry.    Geo  ,    Dublin. 


Quigley.  J..   Dublin. 


R 


Riiiley,  Pat.,   Enniscoit>>;.'  Pedrnond.   Mat.,  Dublin 

Rrtldin,   Kerry.  How'th  Reilly.    Martin 

Reddin,    Kenneth,    Iluwth  Farrell.     Wm..     Dublin. 

Redeun    Gefani,   llowth.  ,  Reilly,    Matthtw,    Dublin. 

S 

Scully,    Thos.,    Dublin.  Sweeney,     ML,     Harold's 
Sweeney,   Owen,    Athlon".        Cross. 

Sherlock,    John.    Skerries  Shelly,    John,    Dublin 

Shaiiley.    ML,    Skerries  Ktcinberser,   Prof -Galwiy 

Smith.    John,    Dumfries.  Southwell,  John,  Newry. 

feueclman.    John.    Kells.  Scott,    Win. 


Tharkaberry,  Wui. 
Ijn. 


Dub- 


w 


Walsh,     Coleman.  Dublin  Walker,     lct"K    Dublin. 

Wilson,    Rbt.,Enriiscorthy  Vf  $i"\wns,,    H.,    S^irview. 

Whrlan,    Pat.,    Fm->k.  Waldron,       Rich.        |{  . 
Maiker,    ML.     L.ionn.  Sandjm'mnt. 

238   MEN   UP  TO   29(h  MAY. 

It  was  announced  on  Friday,  2nd  June,  that 


the  military  authorities,  having  fully  in- 
vestigated the  cases  of  the  following  men, 
had  ordered1  their  release.  This  list  was 
made  up  to  the  29th  May  : — 


Allen,  Thos.,  Summerhill, 
Co.    Meath. 

Allen.  W..  Summerhill. 
On,    Meath. 

Allen.    Jas..    Summerhill. 
Co.  Meath. 

I 

Brien,    Jas.,    Dublin. 

Brien.    Patrick,    Dublin. 

Bracken,   Thos.,   Dublin. 

Brown,  Arthur.  Irishtown 

Poland,  Wm.,  Sackvillest 

Byrne,    John,    Dublin. 

Biggs,   Pat.,  Galway. 

Broderick,  J.,  Galway. 

Byrne,  L.,16  Havelock  so- 

Byrne.     Jos.,     19     Marl- 
borough st. 

Burke,    Win.,    Dublin. 

Boland,  Chas.,  Dublin. 


Ahearne,     Jas.,     Garran- 
feen,  Kilbritiain. 

Alexander,   William   R., 
ErookficlH     liiackrock 


Birmingham,  T.,  91   Up. 

Rathmines. 
Boylan,    L.,    Boolerstown 
Mrodenck,     ML,     Claren- 

bridge. 
iJehan,  Thos.,  Rathangan 
Burke,  Wm.,  Peterswell. 
Burke,  John,   Dublin. 
Brennan,    .).,    Ballinadee. 
Barrett,  John,  Kilbrittaio 
Berry,    John,    Bandon 
Byrne,  John  J.,  Kingst'n 
Blake,  Thos.,  Dublin. 


Corcoran,    Pat.,    Dublin.       Conway,     .Tonn,     Dublin 
Condon,     T.,     Ashbourne,    Cooney,     Dom.,      C'raugh- 


ell. 

Collins,  Tim.,  Ballinadee 
Campbell,  Jas.,  Fintona 
Chapman,     Thos.,     Dun- 

cormick. 
Conway,      John,      Holly- 
mount. 
Conroy,       Ed.,       Rallin- 

temple,    Co.    Galway 
Jrowley,    Tim., "".allinad>je 
Cnllen.    James,    Dubli 


Meath. 
Casserly,  John. 
Campbell.     G.,     Dublin. 
Carroll,    Jas.,    Ferns. 
Collins.     John,      Dublin. 
Collins,  ML.  Sheffield. 
Cuffc,       Jas.,       Harold's 

Cross. 
Cnfl'e.  Pat,  Harold's  Cross. 
Cahill,    Wm.,    Cianahwell 
Cogan,    R.,    Mardyke. 
Connor,   J..   Tiaquin,   Co.     Cnllen.     Thos.,     Duncor- 

Galway.  mick. 

D 
Donoghue,   Thos.,    Dublin    Dwyer.       Stephen,       Kil- 
Dovle,    Jas.     Ferns.  kennv. 

Dovle,  ML,  Gorey.  Dempsey.   Jas.,    Pe'f^t. 

Daiv,    P.    F.,    Dublin.  Dorney.    J.    C.,    Dublin. 

Delaney,    ML,    Dublin.  Doyle,     ML.     Dublin 

Dowling,     Ed-.,      Dublin.       Dunne.    James,    Dublin. 
Duvle,      Thos.,     Crumlin,    Delaney.    Henry,    Dub  in. 

Co.    Dublin.  Doyle,     Pat.,     Dublin 

Dunbar,     Martin.     Ferns.     Darcy,     John,      Dublin, 
Dulv      Pat.    J.,     \thenrv.     Dovle,    John,     Killarney. 
Dalton,    L.   J.,   Tipperary    Dalv,     John,     Rathbally 
Dempsey,   Win.,    Dublin.  more.    Co.    Cork. 

Hunlearv.    Chris..    Dublin    Dovle,    Pat.,    Alhenrv. 
Duffy.    Pat.,   Clandoogan,     Darcy,    Pat.,    l>dlkey. 

Co.     Mavo.  Doherty,    J  oh  a,    Athenrv 

Donaghy,    P.,    Fintona. 


F^in,     Pat.,    Dublin. 
Evans;    Robert,    Dublin. 


E nn is,    Matt.,Ennlscorth* 


Fa  lining,    J.,    New    Ro^. 
Fitzgerald,     Theo.,     Dul> 


Finite.  Joseph.    Corey. 

Flvnn,  J      A.,    Dublin. 

Flynn,  Frank,     Dublin. 

Feuan,  Thos..     Clundoo-  Fo\,    Bernard,    Black  rocX 

gaii  Co.    Meath.  Fitzgerald.   W„   I  mhicorj 

Fenan,  Ml.    Clandoogan,  Fallow.    Pat,    Balla,    Co 

Co.   Meath.  Mayo. 

Fasan,  James,    Dublin.  Fielding.      Thos.,      Barn 

Fagan,  John,    Dublin.  town,   Co.    Wexford. 


Gunnigle,     L.,    Cliffoney,  Gcragbty,    Martin. 

Co.    Sligo.  Gilmartin,     Chas..     CI" 

Griffin.     Maurice,    Tralee  oney,    Co     Sli'-'O 

Colliding.    Jas,    Dublin  Oavu  ir.      Pit.     Dublin 

Grainy.     Hugh,    Crau^fc-  Goulding.   Thos.,    Dut.iir 

well.  Geouhetian,    Pd..    Dublin 

Goodwin,    John.  Gavin,    J.,    Westnort 

Giilunni,    Bryan,    Manor-  Gardiner.    .Lis..    Mtinivv 

b  iiiil'tiu)  Goul  hng,    ML,    Balla,   C 

Gil  mail  in,    J.,    CI  ill  oney,  M.ivo. 

Co.   Siigo  Grealiali,   J..   Crauiihve' 


cc 

H  W. 

ifirkin      Ml      Dro^hedu.  Haves.       Thos.        (sen.1),  Whelan.    Ed     R..   "OnbJin    Ward,    Pat      Dublin. 

Hanlev    Ed      Galwav-              KimiscorMiy.  Ward,    B.    M..    Dublin.       Wiseman.    Win      Coik. 

UeratT"     Hubert'      West-  Hughes,    I'm?    Westport.  Ward,    P     J..    Dublin.        Wallace;     J.     W.,     New- 

Diirt'     Co      Mavo  Hogan,    Tat.,    Gorey.  Walsh.     R..     Dublin.                bridge                 . 

Hv,k-     John      fork.  Ila.pin,    Patrick.    Dublin  White,    Pat.,    publia.          Watkms    T..  Eniiscortrf 

llannbn      Ed..    Cliffoney,  Houghton. <.  lifii..,  Dublin.  Windrum,  S.  Wr.  Lmrck 

l ,,     ^li^o  ltvdc,     Joseph,     Banrlou.  Y. 

Ha.'iiion    John    Cliffoney.  Harvey,    Thos ,    Dublin.  Young,    John.    Dublin. 

Hill,     S-      11..     Dublin.  Uoban,    John,    Castlebar.  191    UP   TO    2nd  JUNE. 

'  The    military    authorities    on    8th    June   an- 

Irtskipp,  Jos..  Dublin.       ^  nounced    that,    having    fully   investigated    th« 

Jordan.     Ml..     Killrslian-  Jordan,     Tat.,     Dublin.  cases    of    the    following    191    prisoners,    they 

dra.  had    ordered    their    release.        This    list    wai 

L-,,K'-  ,,      rr,          v        t>^~  made  up  to  2nd  June,  inclusive: — 

Kelly,  M    J.,  Summcrh'li  Kelly.    Thos.,    Kew    Ross.  r                            > 

Kelly,     Pal  rick      Dublin  KilmartiiK    Pat..    Dublin.  Bnrke.    Ed.,    Athenry.       Byrne,  Chris.,  Naas. 

Kelly.     Matt.      Dublin  kern;          lhos..      Lnnis-  ,JlaviTOV     Johl,     Athlone.  Byrne.     Nicholas,    do. 
Kel:y,    Isaac,    Dulilin.              corthy. 

Keaiing,    Jas..     Dublin.  Kenny,    Chris..    Bathan 


Barry,    Jos..    Dublin.         Broun,    John,     Sligo. 
C 


Kchoe,    J.     Lnni,eo, h.v.  £<  i                     uhpnrv  Corcoran.         Pat.,        42  Cooney,   P.   J.  J..   Dublin 

Kavanagh.  Jas.     Dubl.n.  Km  .edj  .A  L rtm.A  n  nry             w.iterford    st.  Crowley.    Ml.,    New    Host 

Krly.     James      Athenry  Kearney,    Pat      Du >  in.  Cal!a„all-     T.,  Craughwell  Coyne.     Michael,    SUgo. 

Kenny,    S    J.,    Vestnort  keane       John,      uaren-  Corl,L,tti     pat.  Craughwell  Connolly.   Ml.,    Dublin 

Kenny      Moses.     Gorey.  bridge.  Cortett,  T.,  Craughwell.  Comerford.    E.,    Kilkenny 

Keane,    Martin     Athenry.  Kcyille,    Pat.,    Lai. a,    Co.  Cunniffe,    Pat.,    I.onghrea  Cunniffe,    T.,    Oraumore. 

Ivavaiiagn,     Ml.,      Lnnis-  Mavo                   ,,„„„,P  Coyne.    J      F.,     Kilkenny  Cleiy.  Thos    V..   Dublin. 

~?Prfb£i      r-         ,       ,,  K;,vanl,-a-    J-      Mncor-  cie-g.   Jas.,    New    Ross.  Carney    Finn    J.,  Dublin. 

Kelly.    Pat,    Craughwell  nnek.  Crowley,     Pat..     Random  Corish,    R..    Wexford 

_,.    .       .*-■  Crowley,    Wm.,    Bandon.  Carroll,    J..    Euniscorthy 

I.ohan,    John.    Westport  Crowley,    M.J. .New    Ross 


M. 


D. 


M'Longhlin,   Pat.,   bandy-  McElhgott.    J,    Drumcon-  ifer„ani,    Rbt..    Skerries.  Dairy,    J.    F,    Tnchico-e. 

mount.  ,.  '  ra"         ,,        . ,,  Doyle,    Win.,    New    Ross.  Dully.    E.   .).,    Lou'dcrry. 

Murphy.    Jos.,     Dublin.  Maioney     M.;    Athenry.  Delahuntv,    M..  Lough  rea  De    Lomrhrey,    Lawrence. 

Mo>a>d.    Th>«.    Dnb'n.  M.kipaitis,    Ante    Zecks,  noyle     Joh„     N(>w    Uuss         Kilkeimv 

Murray.    F.      DrumcondrH         Finland.  Deeiran,     Martin,    do.  Dooley,     Ml.,     Athenry. 

M.jran     John.    Galway  Manning         1  at.,        ivil-  |)Unhe,     Tim.,     Dublin.  Dooley,    J.    J„    Alhenrv. 

McDonald.    Ed.    Canmlin.        sallaghan  Dunne.     Andrew,     Naas.  Du     Courdieu.    J  .  Dublin 

MKvov      .lis..     8     Red-     Met  rum.     A.,     Roscom-  j),irine,     ];,<;.,     Naas.  Darcv.    Pat.,    Dublin. 

mond's   II.M.  num.  Dowling,    T.    P..    Dublin.  Doody,     Pat.,    Dublin. 

Murphy.    Matt.     Ferns.  Mnnney.    1  bos..    Rathan-  Dowling,     Louis      Dublin  Di  uleavv,    Pat.,  Tuam. 

M'Doiinell.    Fras.,    Dublin.         Kan.  Dowling.    0.    M-l    Dublin.  Dunne,    John    J..    Dublia 

McD.-nnei],    Paul.    Dublin  Mane,     r^nis.     Diibl.n  jDuff>    Henry,    Dublin. 

Mr'iarnsite.  C,    Cliftoney  Murray,    Francis     Dublin  £# 

Mabon.    J.    (sen  i,  Dublin  Murphy.   Tim.    B.al'ydaly  E"-an     Martin     Gort      F. 

MrTeargart,    Thos..     Du  i-  Mannion     John,    Craugn-  Fahev,  *  Pat..  '  Loushrea.  Fahey.    T.    Craughwell. 

da  Ik  «ell.  Fitzgerald.   Thos.,    Kerry  Fortune.    Francis,    Dublin 

Miich-ll     John,    Ath-nrv  ^llaaiP,    Jer      Cork  Parrel!,    John.    Dublin  Parrell,   Jos.,    Broadston*. 

McGuinness,     F,     Long-  MeCnnn.    Pob.     Dublin  Fortune,    Daniel,    Gorey.  Finn.     Emrene   B.ackrock 

1  nd.  Maddock.    \>  m  ,    Duucar-  Fitzgerald,    J. .Newbridge  Fortune,    VV.,  Enniseorthv 

M  Lire.    J     W.,     Dublin.  mirk  •  ,  Forde.    J.    Craoehwell.  Fallon,     Ml,    (  ranghwell 

Mumhv     Ml..    Alhenrv.  M nlvey.  Dnmimek.  Rath-  Furlong,    T.,    Kilkeimv.  Far-ell,    Ml.,    Athenry. 

M,-l  n  I'-lilin.    Pal..     Sum-         farnham  v.,hev.    Ma'     1.    Dublin  Fahy,    Pat.    J.,    Kin  vara. 

neil.ill.    Co.    Meath  Mnmrv.    Tims..   Cn=11ebar  Furious,     h       Vilashee. 

Mcll ugh,    M.,    Castlebir.  '  C. 

N-  Green,    M.    J.,      oinrlirea  Grehan,    Pat.    F.,   Naas. 

SettoT    Tho«.,    Gatway.  Noone,    James,    Dublin.  Gegan,    ML,    Cramrhwell  (iormau.  \v.,  L'nuiscorthy 

Soian,  John.   Dublin.  Gallon,    Pat.,  Co.    Tyrone  Grady,    Thos.,    Feakle. 

0.  H. 

()  Bunnell.  .1 .  P.,  Tralee.  OTTeldr,  Ml..   Dublin.  llumphrevs.    R..    Dublin.  ITarte,     B.     Vin.,    TVi'lkey 

(•Neiil.     Ml.     Inrhipore.  (t'liiien,     J.,     Il^'a  I  e  ,..-1  llavert-y,    R.,    New    Inn.  Ilarte,  John,  Kilkenny 

DVhea.    J      P.    Dublin.  O'Brien.    W„    Ballvbtard  Hvr.es,     !hl.,    Craughwell  JL.rtlev,  John.   New   Uoss 

ii\eiii.     Pt-ler.     l.orey  O  Neill    M.   J,    Fern*  Dnnt,    Iliihert.    Corofin.  Ilavden.    Pat..    New   Mass 

OToinior,        John        M,  o'l  earv,    Jas.-.    BaMineen  limit.      Win.,    Corofin.  Hayes,   Jas.-    BriJgetown 

rfnhlin  (>"Grady,    Staudi&b     Deb-  Hanniffv.    ML.    Athenry.  Hession.   Ml.,    '"cunsrhweli 

o'l.carv.    Pal     .1      C-va'.i        I'm  lliggins.  M.  F.,  Kilkenny  llolnes,    Dtnis,    ,4<iiin. 

iji<mne:i.     John     Vin..  'O'Ri.uike.    Pat,    Dnb'ui.  J. 

I  laierifk  f>  Br-en.   Thos,    'rest'Hirt  Jordon.    Daniel.    Bandon  Judg",     Richard,     Dublin 

Olmrnhmi       J..      Ml'))'-  (VNflll.     J'.lm.     PinltlVi.  K. 

hirmBton.  ORoiirke,    B,   Inn^skeen.  Kennedv.  M.,  CrauarhweU  Kiv.'.natrh,    J.    Dublin. 

O'Cimiur    T   .1.   Tiggirt  Kenny,    Ml.,    Rathangan.  Kelly.  Thos.,  Dcblin, 

P.  Kenny,    Jos.,     Bat  baii'-an  Kehue,  Tim.    A. .New  Ros* 

Phelan,      I'd.       Dnllin.  Perry,    Jas.,     Dublin.  Kenny,   Pat.,    Raihansran  Keane,     Peter.     si<,.rriej 

I* f»er,   T.    P..    Dublin.  Kavanagh,    P..    Dublip  Keogh,   Jos..    Dublin 

Q.  K earns,  John,   Louehrea.  Kelly    .1  ,   Ballaghaderr*. 

CJniim     John     Craiiirhwell  Kelly.    Thos.,    Dublin  Kelly,      Uenrv.     Dublin 

R.  Kent.    John.    New    llu.'s.  Kirwau,    Win.,    Dublin. 

I'  ^n. ill-,  (b'-.   Dublin.  Bean,    Jas.,    Cbiremorris.  Kealy,    Martin,    Kilkinny 

llfii.    T.    Kilsallanhan.  Reilly,  Jas.,   Balla.  L. 

S.  l.vr.ns.    M'm.     Vena  r.ehane.    Pat.,    Cork. 

•  •rvth     Frm»..    D'i'lin.  SI      Clair,     Martin.    Cork.  l.oiiurhrey      Ml.,     Oovt  L.VPg     T1",  is.,    Dublin. 

Pmnilen    Pit.,  7   I'-in^li's  Mie.  ti  ni,    P-it.      Dublin  Lindsay,    John,    D'jblin  Lynch,    Pat,    New    Ross. 

u.m«\  Stafford.     Jufto,     Dmuor-  M. 

Bi.i'pr      C'-o  .     KilNrnev.         nit  k.  McTiene.  Pat.   Lonrhrea  McDonnell,  W.  K..r.andoi 

Sieehan.   Ml.   New   Ross  Martin.    I  at..    I.ounhrea  M:Carfhy,  J .,  Timoleagof 

T.  Muribv    L'l    J  .New  Ross  Murph.v    Jas.    Barry 

Tre-cv      Its  N-uirlvtn  1 1  it     lu'mi       Maurice,     Rath-  Murphy.  John,   Set  Boss  Morgan.    M.,    CraughweB 

)  mu, ins    Iliige  uiint-s  MiCriih     T.,    N>»<   Boss  Mhv,    P.   C,    Goreshridg* 

luiiier.    Pat.,    Dub'ia.  Ma^uire\   D.,    Bal'.»rlr-gaii  Mullatly,  A.  Kilkenny. 


91 


M. 

Madigan,  Jas.,  do.  Moroney,    Thus..    Dub'in. 

Moore,     Peter,     Dublin.       Martin,    Jos.,    Dublin. 
McIIugh.    Wm.,    Dublin.      Moran.    Lewis;!.,  Curragh 
Miller,    GL.Booterstovvn  av     McDonald,  John,    Dublin. 
Murphy,  Wm.,  New  Ross    Mcehan,    J.,    Dublin. 
McHugh,     Mvles,    Diihliu    McLaughlin,  J.,  Kilmain- 
Mellugh,    Pat..    Dublin.  barn. 

Mullany,  J.  J.,  Athlone.       Murray,    Pat.,   Dublin. 
Murpnv,  Pat.,   Dublin. 

N. 
Neary,  Thos.,  Kilkenny.       Nolan,    1\,    Ballsbridge. 
Nome.   Pat.,    Athe.iry. 

O. 
O'Connor,  Alf    G.Dublin     O'Doheiiy,       Wm.       S., 
O' Kelly,   ML,   Naas.  Drumtondra. 

O'Neili,  John,   Nov.-   Ross    O'Dvvyer.    Ml.,    Kilkenny. 
O'Leary,  Simon,   do.  O'Halloian,    T  ,    Kinsale. 

O'Connor,    R-.    BlackrOck    O'Hal'oran.  J.,  Kinsi.le. 
O'Ki  t  nedy,    M     J.,  New    O"  Byrne;   John,    Dublin. 
Koss.  O'I'ara,    Peter,    Dublin. 

O'Kennedy,  P.   A,  do  O'Brien,  Dan.,  Tippt'ary 

O' Kennedy.  J.,  New  Koss    O'Flanagan,    Ml.,    Dublin 
O'Keett'e,  John,  Cork. 

P. 
Pnrc'ell     Ml.,    Kilkenny       Prendergast,  J. .New  Ross 
Parsons,    Pat.,    Kilkenny.    Pu'cell,     Phil.  P.,  Dunlin. 


Ronghan,  Pe'cr,  Gort 
Rjan,  Ml.,  Kilkenny. 
Rynne,  Wm.,  A'rdee. 
Roche.  .i'..bn,  Bandtii! 


Rudy,  HansC.  BlackrocK 
Rodgers,  II.,  Sixmileeross. 
Rooney,  P.,  Craughwell. 
Ralph,  Thos.,  Westport. 


Shannon,    Ml.    J.,    Cla-e      Slarie,   R.,   Sixmilecross. 
Saul,    James     Dublin.  Smyth,    L.,    Magberafelt. 

Sweeney.  Pat.,  _\ougn-ea     Shaughnessy,    J.,  Craugh- 
Srnyth,    Chas.,    Kilkenny.         well. 
Sche'ly,   Jos.,    New    Koss     Stokes,    T.,    Ennisrorthy. 
Stafford,  Thos..  Taghmhi 

T. 
fravers,  M.,  New   Ross       Tuohy,   Jos.,    Feakle. 

W. 
Walsh.  Thos.,  Athenry.        Walsh,   Pat.,    Athenry. 
Warner,  Peter.  New  Ross.     Walsh,  L.  J.,  Drouheda. 
Walsh.    L.,    Kilkenny.  White,   Ml.,    Ennisrorthy. 

Waldron,  John,  Athenry.  Ward,  Pat.  J..  Dublin. 
212  UP  TO  7t!l  JUNE. 
The  military  authorities  announced  on  13th 
June  that,  after  fully  investigating  the  cases 
of  the  following  212  men,  they  h"^  ordered 
their  release.  This  list  is  made  uj.  from  the 
4th  to   the  7th  June,   inclusive : — 

A. 
Ashe.   MI.    .T.,    Dublin.         Arrhbold,  Wm..    Dublin. 
Allen,    A.,    Enniseorthy. 

B. 
Brown,    J.,    Craughwell.       Ruekley,   Jerh..    Dublin. 
Byrne,    Martin,    Dublin.       Byrne,    Jos..     Dunlavin. 
Brennan,     J.,     Dublin.         Byrne,     Joseph,     Dublin. 
Banks,    Henry.    Dublin.       Birmingham,     P.    Dublin. 
Birrell.    L.,    Dublin.  Brett,     Pierce,    Kilkenny. 

Byrne,"  James,  Dublin.  Brorlerick.  Ml.,  Athenry. 
Burke.  Michael.  Dublin.  Burke.  Patk.,  Athenry. 
Bradley,    R.,    Dublin.         Boyne,   Wm,  Enniseorthy 

C. 
Coyne.    M.,    Loughgeorge    Connolly,    T.,    Derryhoyle 
Coy,    Jas.,    Craughwell.      Carter.   John,    Dublin. 
Coy.    Ml.,    Craughwell.         Chancy,   W.  J.,    Dublin. 
Cooney,    Wm..    Dublin.         Chancy,    Patk.,    Dublin. 
Carter,    R.,    Booterstown.    Caffrey.     Leo.     Dublin. 
Cunningham.   J..    Dublin.    Cullen,    Ml.,   Dublin. 
Cunningham,    P..  Dublin.    Cregg,    Lauehlin     Dublin 
Cusnck,  J.,    Drumcondra.    Creswell,    Ed.,    Dublin. 
Colgan      Danl.,    Dublin.       Carroll,     Thos.,    Dublin. 
Cahill. '  Patk.,    Dublin.         Carroll,     Nicholas.  Dublin 
Cooney.    Ml..   Dublin.  Cart.V,    M..     Enniseorthy. 

Campbell.    John.    Dublin.    Curtis.    O'Leary 
Cremen,  M,  Rathfarnham    Chapman,  P,    Bal'.yneefy. 

D. 
Duffy.   Wm.,    Athenry.  Dillon,    Hubert,    Aftymon 

Dempsey.    P.   Craughwell     Doyle,   Ml..    Athenrv. 
Du    Bourdieu,   A.    Sandy-    Drinnan.    Wm.,    Dublin. 

mount.  Dunne,    Jos.,    Dub  in. 

Darby,   Chas.,    Dublin.  Donohoe,    S,    Dublin 

Delaney.   Jos,    Dublin.         Devane.    Patk.     Permoy. 
Devereux.    Patk  .    Dublin.    Doyle,  J     L..   We\f<  rd 
Duffy.  Jas..    Dublin.  Doyle.   P.  J.,  Funis  jrthy 

Powlinir,   S  ,    Dublin  E 

Earls.  Joseph    New    Inn. 


Fitzpatrick,    M.,    Dublin,  Farrington,    Leo.   Dublin. 

Eitzsimons,    J.,    Dublin.  Frawley,    Denis.   Dublin. 

Fitzpatrick,    J.,    Dublin.  Fox.    T.,    Maryborough. 

Farrell.    James,   Dublin.  Fitzpatrick,    M.,    Dublin. 

Fitzpatrick,   P.,   F'corthy  Farnon,    L.,    Clontarf. 

Farrell,  II v    Dublin.  Fitzharris     J.,    E'corlhy. 

G. 

Gardiner,   J.,   Craughwell  Gibbons,    P.,    Dublin. 

Gilligan,    P.,    Athenry.  Gunning,.   J.,    Dublin. 
Gibson,  Jas.,    Dublin.        H. 

Ilynes,     D.,    Craughwell.  Hartley,  D.   J.,   New  Rosg 

Ilynes,    John,   do.  Ilogan,     Patk.,     Dublin. 

Ilanniffy.  J.,   Craughwell  Itowlcy,    Mi..   Galway. 

Hamilton,    Chris.,    Cork.  Hutchin,    Wm.,    Dublin. 

Harvey,    P.,    Ranelagh.  Ilickey.    P..,    Stillorgan. 

Ilannon,  Jas.,    Dublin.  Hvnch,    John,    Ferns. 

J. 

Joyce.    John,   Dublin.  Jcnkinson,    W.,    Dublin. 
Jackson,    F.,    Dublin.     K. 

Keating,    Ml.,    Athenry.  Keirwin.    P.,    Dublin. 

Keane,    Jas.,    Athenry.  Kennedy.     J.,     Athenry. 

Kearns,    Dani.,    Athenry  Keeffe,     P.,    Enniseorthy. 

Kerford.    Patk.,    Dublin  Kehoe.    P.,    Enniseorthy. 

Kirwan.   Ed.,    Dublin.  Kelly.    P.,    Enniseorthy. 

Kelly.   Wm.,  Athenry.  Kelly.     Alderman    Thos., 
Kennv,  John,    Dublin.  Dublin. 

Keogh,    Patk.     Dublin.  L. 

Largan,    Ml.,    Dublin.  Lynch     Danl..    Dublin. 

Lyng      J.,     Ballywilliam.  Leonard,    31.,    Dublin. 

Leeson,   John,    Dublin.  Lawless.    S.,    Altymon. 

Lennon,   W.,  New    Ross.  Lynch,   J..    Dublin. 
Lynch,  Jas.,   Dublin.           M. 

Mullin.  T.,    Athenry.  Merrimnn,    T.,   Tn^hicore. 

Magee,   Geo.,   Dublin.  Mehan,    Geo.,    Dublin. 

Mooney,    Pa»k.,    Naas.  M'Ginley.    W.,    Dublin 

Moran.    J.    J.,    Dublin  M'Donnc]],    Jos,    Dublin. 

Mulially,     M.,     Dublin.  Moriarty,   D.,    Dublin. 

Magnire,    Louis.    Dublin.  M'Evoy,    Danl,    New  Rosg 

M'Laugblin,  C,  Glenmorc  M'Glynn     M,    Craughwell 

Molloy,  C,  Dublin.  M'Glynn,  M'tin,    Ccang'h- 
Maguire.    P.,    Dublin.  well. 

Moore,  J.,  Fermoy.  Murray,   C.     Dublin 

M'Cormaek,    J.,    Dublin.  Marihey,    E..    Dublin. 

M'Doriangb,    E.,    Gorey.  Macken    A     F.,    Dublin. 

Murtagh,    Peter.    Dublin.  M'Clane,    II.,    Dublin. 

M'Keog.    David,    Dublin.  M'Guirc,    J.,    Dublin. 

TVI'Namara.   J.,   Bray.  Murphy,    P.,    Glasnevin 

M'Hugh,    Ed.,    Dublin.  Murphy,   J  ,   Inchicore 

M'Mahon,    Ed.,    Dublin.  Moran.    B..    Dublin. 

Murtagh.    B.,    Dublin.  Murphy.    John.    Wexford. 

M'Donnell.   J.    J..D'brook  M'Dermott,     P.,      Druu- 
Malone,   Wm.,    Dublin.  cliffe. 

Manning.    Ml  ,    In'core.  Moran,  T..   Duncormick. 
M'Cormaek,  M..   Moate. 

N. 
Naughton,    Pat.,  Athenry.    Nyhan,    John.    Dublin. 

Noonan,    J  .    Ballyfeard.  Nowlan,    Jas.,    Kilkenny 
Noonan,    Wm.    F.,    do. 

O 

OTallagban,  J.,   Randoi».  O'Connor.    R.,    Dublin. 

O'Neill,    Andrew.    Dublin,  Oglesby,    Jos.,    Dublin. 

O'Brien.  Mi.  J..   Dublin.  O'Malley,    Chris.,    Dublin 

©'Kennedy,  T.  J..N   Ross  O'Duflv,   .las.   P..    Dublin 

O'Brien,    Peter.    Dublin.  O'Neill,    M.,    Enniseorthy 

C'Roirke,    P.Roscoromco  O'Brien,    T.,    Pa'hmines. 

OKeeffe,   ML,    New    Ross  O'Neill,    J.,    Enniseorthy. 

P. 
Pender,   Wm..   Dublin 

Rijxttt;    Thos.,   Dublin.  R. 

Reibv,    Tas.,    Dublin.  Reilly.  Robt.,   Dublin. 

Rvsr      ."Til..    Dublin.  Reardon,    M.,    MilUtreet, 
ReytMds,    J.    H.,  Skerries         Cork. 

Ra'ffer  v,  Thos.,   Dublin  Ruth.   Wm.,   Enniseorthy 

S. 

Straffs?.  \    M.,  Oraughweil  Summers.  Jos.     Dublin. 

Savage,    Ml.,    Ca«tleyour  Smyth.    P.,    Rnnis-orthy. 

Shieis.   <i<  ?..   Skerries.  Sheehan     Pat.    do 

Shiel.   M.    L,  Euniscorthy  Sheridan.    Fran.,    Dahlia. 
Sheridan.    Jas.,    Dublin. 


Tobin.    Pat..    D.ihlin 
Tafpey,    Pat.,    Lublin. 
Turner    Jos..    Dublin. 
Turner,   Frank,   Dublin. 

Whyfe    Jos..   Attymon 
Whvte,    Pat..    Attymon. 
Walsh     R..     Dublin 
Wairt,   Jos..    Athenry. 
Ward.    T'-n..    Dublin. 


Tally.   Wm.  Dublin 

Tullv    Geo.,  Dublin. 

Tobin.    Ml.,  Dublin. 

Tobin.    Ml.,  Dublin. 

Whelan     J  ,    Fnirisfortlijr 
Walsh.  Jas..   Dublin 
Whelan,    J  .    Etinisrorthj 
Whelan,  Jos.,  Dublin. 


92 


GENERAL  SIR  JOHN  MAXWELL'S 
DESPATCHES. 


DIFFICULTIES  OF  THE   TROOPS. 

WAR  OFFICE,  21st  July,  1616. 

The  following  despatches  have  been  received 
by  the  Secretary  of  State  for  War  f-om  the 
Field-Marshal  Commanding-in-Chief,  Home 
Forces : — 

General  Headquarters,  Home  Forces, 

Horse  Guard's,  London,  S.V*"., 
29th   May,    1916. 

My  Lord, — 

I  have  the  honour  to  forward  herewith  a 
Report  which  I  have  received'  from  the 
General  Officer  Commanding-in-Chief,  Irish 
Command,  relating  to  the  recent  outbreak  in 
Dublin  and  the  measures  taken  for  its  sup- 
pression. 

2.  It  will  be  observed  that  the  rebellion 
broke  out  in  Dublin  at  12.15  a.m  on  April 
24th,  and  that  by  5.20  p.m.  on  the  same 
afternoon  a  considerable  force  from  the  Cur- 
ragh  had  arrived  in  Dublin  to  reinforce  the 
garrison  and  other  troops  were  on  their  way 
from  Athlone,  Belfast,  and  Templemore.  The 
celerity  with  which  these  reinforcements  be- 
came arftilable  says  much  for  the  arrange- 
ments which  had  been  made  to  meet  such  a 
contingency. 

3.  I  was  informed  of  the  outbreak  by  wire 
on  the  afternoon  of  the  24th  nit.,  and  the 
59th  Division  at  St.  Albans  was  at  cnce  put 
under  orders  to  proceed  to  Ireland,  and  ar- 
rangements were  put  in  train  for  their  trans- 
port. After  seeing  General  Friend  I  gave 
orders  for  the  movement  of  two  brigades  to 
commence  as  soon  as  their  transport  could  te 
arranged.  I  am  aware  that  in  doing  so  I 
vas  act-'ng  beyond  the  powers  which  were  dele- 
gated to  me.  but  I  considered  the  situation 
to  be  so  critical  that  it  was  necessarv  to  act 
at  once  without  reference  to  the  Army 
Council. 

4  On  the  morning  of  the  28th  Anril  General 
Sir  John  Maxwell.  K.C.B.,  K.C.M.G.,  C.V.O., 
L.S.O.,  arrived  in  Ireland  to  assume  com- 
mand. 

5.  I  beer  to  bring  to  your  notice  the  assist- 
ance afforded'  to  me  by  the  Lords  Commis- 
sioners cf  the  Adminlty,  who  met  every  re- 
quest made  to  them  f  r  men,  guns,  and  trans- 
port with  the  greatest  promj  titude,  and 
whose  action  enable  J  me  to  reinforce  and' 
maintain  the  garrison  in  the  South  and  Wrst 
of  Ireland  without  unduly  drawing  upon  the 
troop  which  it  was  desiraL'.e  to  retain  in 
England. 

I  have  the  honour  to  be. 
Yonr  Lordship's  most  obedient  servant, 

French,   Field-Marshal, 
Connnanding-in-Ciiief,  Jome  Forcet. 


SIR   JOHN    MAXWELL'S   FIRST  DESPATCH. 

From  the  General  Officer, 

Commanding-in-Chief, 

The  Forces  in  Ireland. 
To  the  Field-Marshal, 

Commanding-in-Chief, 

The  Home  Forces. 
Headquarters, 

Irish   Command,    Dublin, 
26th  May,  1916. 
My  Lord, — 

I  have  the  honour  to  report  the  operations 
of  the  Forces  now  under  my  command  from 
Monday,  24tb  April,  when  the  rising  in  Dub- 
lin began. 

(1)  On  Easter  Monday,  24th  April,  at  12.15 
]  m.,  a  telephone  message  was  received  from 
the  Dublin  Metropolitan  Police  saying  Dublin 
Castle  was  being  attacked  by  armed  Sinn 
Feiners-  This  was  immediately  confirmed  by 
the  Dublin  Garrison  Adjutant,  who  reported 
that,  in  the  absence  of  Colonel  Kennard,  the 
Garrison  Commander,  who  had  left  his  office 
shortly  before,  and  was  prevented  by  the 
rebels  from  returnirg,  he  had  ordered  all 
available  troops  from  Portobello,  Richmond, 
and  Royal  Barracks  to  proceed  to  the  Castle, 
„nd  the  6th  Reserve  Cavalry  Regiment 
towards  Sackville  street. 

The  fighting  strength  of  the  troops  avail- 
able in  Dublin  at  this  moment  were:— 

6th  Reserve  Cavalry  Regiment,  35  officers, 
851  other  ranks. 

3rd  Royal  Irish  Regiment,  18  officers,  385 
other  ranks. 

10th  Royal  Dublin  Fusiliers,  37  officers,  430 
other  ranks. 

3rd  Royal  Irish  Rifles,  21  officers,  650  other 
ranks. 

Of  these  troops  an  inl\»ing  picqnet  of  400 
men,  which  for  some  days  past  had  been 
held  in  readiness,  proceeded  at  once,  and  the 
remainder   followed   shortly  afterwards. 

At  12.33  p.m.  a  telephone  message  was  sent 
to  General  Officer  Commanding,  Curragh, 
to  mobilise  the  mobib  column,  which  had  been 
arranged  for  to  meet  any  emerge  'y,  and  to 
cespatch  it  dismounted  to  Dublin  by  trains 
which  were  being  sent  from   Kingsbridge. 

This  column,  under  the  command  of  Colonel 
Portal,  consisted  of  1,600  officers  and  other 
ranks  from  the  3rd  Reserve  Cavalry  Brigade. 

Almost  immediately  after  the  despatch  of 
this  message  telephonic  communication  in 
Dublin  became  very  interrupted,  and  from 
various  sources  it  was  reported  that  the  Sinn 
J<  einers  had  seized  the  General  Post  Office  in 
Sackville  street,  the  Magazine  in  Phrrnix 
Park,  the  l'our  Courts,  Jacobs'  Biscuit  Fac- 
tory, and  had  occupied  many  buildings  in 
various  parts  of  the  city. 

As  the  occupation  of  the  General  Post  CUice 
by  the  Sinn  Feiners  denied  the  use  of  th» 
telegraph,  a  message  reporting  the  situation 
in  Dublin  was  sent  at  1.10  p.m.  to  the  nival 
cen're  at  Kingstown,  asking  that  the  infor- 
mation of  the  rieing  might  be  transmitted  by\ 


C3 


wireless  through  the  Admiralty  to  you.     This 
was  done. 

FIRST    ACTIONS    OF    THE    TROOPS. 

(2)  The  first  objectives  undertaken  by  the 
troops  were  to  recover  possession  of  the  Maga- 
zine in  Phoenix  Park,  where  the  rebels  had  set 
fire  to  a  quantity  oi  ammunition,  to  relieve 
the  Castle,  and  to  strengthen  the  guards  on 
Viceregal  Lodge  and  other  points  of  im- 
portance. 

The  Magazine  was  quickly  re-occupied,  but 
the  troops  moving  on  the  Castle  were  held 
up  by  the  rebels,  who  had  occupied  surround- 
ing houses,  and  had  barricaded  the  streets 
with  carts  and  other  material. 

Between  1.40  p.m.  and  2  p.m.  50  men  of 
3rd  Rjyal  Irish  Rifles  ana  130  men  of  the 
10th  Royal  Dublin  Fusiliers  reached  the 
Castle   by   the  Ship  street  entrance. 

At  4.45  p.m.  the  first  train  trom  the  Cur- 
ragh  arrived  at  Kingsbridge  Station,  and  by 
b'.^J  p.m.  the  whole  Cavalry  Column,  1,600 
strong,  under  the  command  of  Colonel  Portal, 
had  arrived,  one  train  being  sent  on  from 
Kingsbridge  to  North  Wall  by  the  loop 
line  to  reinforce  the  guard  over  the  docks. 

(3)  During  the  day  the  following  troops 
were   ordered    to    Dublin  :— 

(a)  A  battery  of  four  18-pounders  R.F.A., 
from  the  Reserve  Artillery  Brigade  at 
Alb, one. 

(b)  The  4th  Dublin  Frisiliers  from  Temple- 
more. 

(c)  A  composite  battalion  from  Belfast. 

(d)  An  additional  1,000  men  from  the 
Curragh.  This  message  being  sent  by  one 
of  the  troop  trains  returning  to  the  Cur- 
ragh. 

During  the  afternoon  and'  evening  small 
parties  of  Uoops  were  engaged  with  the  rebels. 
GHMMT     ST«ND      BY     CAVALRY. 

The  3rd  P.oyal  Irish  Regiment  on  their  way 
to  the  Castle  were  held  up  by  the  rebels  in 
tie  Smith  Dublin  Union,  which  they  attacked 
and  partially  occupied;  a  detachment  of  two 
officer?  and  50  men  from  the  6th  Reserve 
Cavalry  Regiment,  which  was  convoying  some 
ammunition  from  the  North  Wall,  was  sur- 
rounded in  Charles  street,  but  succeeded  in 
parking  their  convoy  and  defended  this  with 
great  gallantry  for  Zg  days,  when  thev  were 
relieved  ;  during  this  defence  the  officer  in 
command  was  killed  and  the  remaining  officer 
wounded. 

1  he  rebels  in  St.  Stephen's  Green  were  at- 
tacked, and  picquets  *  .th  machine  guns  were 
established  in  the  Dnited  Service  Club  and 
the  Shelbourne  Hotel  with  a  view  to  domi- 
nating the  square  and  its  exits. 

At  9.35  p  m.  Colonel  Kennard,  OfTicer  Com- 
manding Troops.  Dublin,  reached  the  Castle 
with  another  party  of  £6  men  of  the  3rd  Royal 
Irish  Resziment. 

The  defence  of  the  docks  at  North  Wall 
wa«  undertaken  by  Major  H.  F.  Somerville, 
commanding  a  detachment  from  the  School  of 
Musketry,  .  Dollymnunt,  reinforced  by  330 
officers  and  men  of  the  9th  Reserve  Cavalry 
Kegiment. 

ihe  occupation  of  the  Customs  House,  which 


dominated  Liberty  Hall,  was  carried  out  at 
night,  and  was  of  great  assistance  in  later 
operations  against  Liberty  Hail. 

(4)  Ihe  situation  at  midnight  was  that  we 
held  the  Magazine,  Phoenix  Park,  the  Castle, 
and  the  Ship  street  entrance  to  it,  the  Royal 
Hospital,  all  barracks,  the  Kingsbridge, 
Amiens  street,  and  North  Wall  railway 
stations,  the  Dublin  telephone  exchange  in 
Crown  alley,  the  Electric  Power  Station  at 
Pigeon  House  Fort,  Trinity  College,  Mount- 
joy  Prison,  and  Kingstown  Harbour.  The 
Sinn  Feinc.rs  held  Sackville  street  and  blocks 
of  buildings  on  each  side  of  this,  including 
Liberty  Hall,  with  their  headquarters  at  the 
General  Post  Office,  the  Four  Courts,  Jacobs' 
biscuit  factory,  South  Dublin  Union,  St. 
Stephen's  Green,  all  the  approaches  to  the 
Castle  except  the  Ship  street  entrance,  and 
many  houses  all  over  the  city,  es;»jcially  about 
Ballsbridge  and  Beggar's  Bush. 

(5)  The  facility  with  which  the  Sinn 
FvinPrs  were  able  to  seize  so  many  important 
points  throughout  the  city  was,  in  my  opinion, 
".iie  to  the  fact  that  armed  bodies  of  civilians 
have  been  continually  allowed  to  parade  in 
and  march  through  the  streets  of  Dublin  and 
throughout  the  country  without  interference. 

The  result  was  that  the  movement  of  large 
forces  of  armed  civilians,  particularly  on  "a 
holiday  such  as  Easter  Monday,  passed,  if 
not  unnoticed,  unchecked,  and  no  opposition 
cou'.J  be  offered  to  them  at  the  moment  when 
they  decided  to  act. 

DUBLIN     POLICE     POWERLESS. 

Further,  the  Dublin  police.  Deing  unarmed 
and  powerless  to  deal  with  these  armed  rebels, 
were  withdrawn  from  the  areas  occupied  by 
them. 

(;)  At  the  time  of  the  rising  Major-General 
Friend,  then  commanding  the  troops  in  Ire- 
land, was  -on  short  leave  in  England,  and  when 
visiting  your  headquarters  at  the  Horse 
Guards  on  that  day  heard  the  serious  news 
from  "Dublin.  He  returned  that  night,  and 
arrived  in  Dublin  early  on  tie  morn:::-1-  oi 
the  25th  April. 

He  has  informed  me  that  at  a  conference 
with  you  it  was  decided  to  despatch  at  -nco 
two  infantry  brigades  of  the  59th  Division 
from  England  to  Ireland,  and  that  the  remain. 
ing  infantry  brigade  and  artillery  of  thw 
Division  were  to  be  held  in  readiness  to  fol- 
low if  required. 

(7)  On  April  25th,  Brigadier-General  W.  H. 
M.  Lowe,  Commanding  the  Reserve  Cavalry 
Brigade  at  the  Curragh,  arrived  at  Kings- 
bridge  Station  at  3.45  a.m.  with  the  leading 
troops  from  the  25th  (Irish)  Reserve  Infantry 
Brigade,  and  assumed  command  of  the  force* 
in  the  Dublin  area,  which  were  roughly  2.30/J 
men  of  the  Dublin  garrison,  the  Curragh 
Mobile  Column  of  1  500  dismounted  cavalry 
men,  and  840  men  of  the  25th  Irish  Reserve 
lnfan';ry  Brigade. 

RECEL    FORCES    CUT    IN    TWO. 

(8  Di  order  to  relieve  and  get  communica- 
tion w.ih  t"  3  Castle,  Colonel  Portal,  Com- 
manding the  Cur^ach  Mobile  Column,  was 
ordered    to    establish    a    line    of    posts    from 


94 


Kiii0  .-i;,.  Station  to  fniiitv  College  via  the 
Castle.  Tiiis  was  completed  by  1'A  noon,  25th 
April,  and  with  very  little  loss.  It  divided 
the  rebel  forces  into  two,  gave  a  safe  line  of 
advance  for  troops  extending  operations  to. the 
north  or  south,  and  permitted  communication 
by  despatch  rider  with  some  of  the  Commands. 

The  only  means  of  communication  previous 
to  this  had  been  oy  telephone,  which  was  un- 
questionably being  tapped. 

The  Dublin  University  O.T.C.,  under  Cap- 
tain E.  11.  Alton,  and  subsequently  Major 
C'.  A.  Harris,  held  the  College  buildings 
until  the  troops  arrived.  The  holding  of 
these  buildings  separated  the  rebel  centre 
round  the  General  Post  Office  from  that 
round  St.  Stephen's  Green  ;  it  established  a 
valuable  base  for  the  collection  of  reinforce- 
ments as  they  arrived,  and'  prevented  the 
rebels  from  entering  the  Bank  of  Ireland, 
which  is  directly  oposite  to  and  commanded 
by  the  College  buildings. 

"(9)  During  the  day  the  4th  Royal  Dublin 
Fusiliers  from  Templemore.  a  oomnosite  Ulster 
battalion  from  Belfast  and  a  battery  of  four 
18  pounder  guns  from  the  Reserve  Artillery 
Brigade  at  Athlone  arrived,  and  this  allowed 
a  cordon  to  be  established  round  the  northern 
part  of  the  city  from  Parkgate,  along  the 
North  Circular  road  to  North  Wall.  Broad- 
stone  Railway  Station  was  cleared  of  rebels, 
and  a  barricade  near  Phibsborough  was  de- 
stroyed by  artillery  fire. 

HEAVY   FIRE   ON   THE   CASTLE. 

As  a  heavy  fire  was  being  kept  up  on  the 
Castle  from  the  rebels  located  in  the  Corpora- 
tion, buildings,  Daily  Express  offices,  and 
several  houses  opposite  the  City  Hall,  it  was 
decided  to  attack   these  buildings. 

The  assault  on  the  Daily  Exjoress  office 
was  successfully  carried  out  under  very  heavy 
lire  by  a  detachment  of  the  5th  Royal'  Dublin 
Fusiliers  under  2nd  Lieutenant  F.  "O'Neill. 

The  main  forces  of  the  rebels  now  having 
been  located  in  and  around  Sackville  street" 
the  Four  Courts,  and  adjoining  buildings,  it 
was  decided  to  try  to  enclose  that  area  north 
of  the  Liffey  by  a  cordon  of  troops  so  as  to 
localise  as  far  as  possible  the  efforts  of  the 
rebels. 

(10)  Towards  evening  the  178th  Infantry 
Brigade  began  to  arrive  at  Kingstown,  anil 
in  accordance  with  orders  received,  the  bri- 
gade left  Kingstown  by  road  in  two  columns. 

The  left  column,  consisting  of  the  5th  and 
5th  Battalions  Sherwood  Fortesters,  by  the 
Hilloi-gan-Donnybrook  road  and  South  Circu- 
lar road  to  the  Royal  Hospital,  where  it  ar- 
rived without  opposition. 

The  right  column,  consisting  of  the  7th  and 
Bth  Battalions  Sherwood  Foresters,  by  the 
(pain  tram  route  through  Balls  bridge",  and 
directed  on  Merrion  square  and  Trinity  Col- 
lege. 

REVERE    CASUALTIES    AT    NORTHUMBERLAND 
ROAD. 

This    column,    with    7th     Battalion    leading, 
was   held    up  at   the   noithern   corner  of   Had 
dingtoil     road     and       Northumbeiland       load,  . 
Ivhith  wiui  strongly  held  by  rebels,  bid   with 


the  assistance  of  bombing  parties  organised 
and  led  by  Captain  Jeffares,  of  the  Bombing 
School  at  Elm  Park,  the  rebels  were  driven 
back. 

At  3.25  p.m.  the  7th  Battalion  Sherwood 
Foresters  met  great  opposition  from  the  rebels 
holding  the  schools  and  other  houses  on  the 
north  side  of  the  road  close  to  the  bridge  at 
Lower  Mount  street,  and  two  officers,  one  of 
whom  was  the  Adjutant,  Captain  Dietrichsen, 
were  killed,  and  seven  wounded,  including 
Lieutenant  -  Colonel  Fane.  who,  though 
WDunded,   remained  in   action. 

At  about  5. .30  p.m.  orders  were  received 
that  the  advance  to  Trinity  College  was  to 
be  pushed  forward  at  all  costs,  and  therefore 
at  about  8  p.m.,  after  careful  arrangements, 
the  whole  column,  accompanied  by  bombing 
parties,  attacked  the  schools  and  houses 
where  the  chief  opposition  lay.  the  battalions 
charging  in  successive  waves,  carried  all  be- 
fore them.  but.  I  regret  to  say,  suffered 
severe  casualties  in  doing  so. 

Four  officers  were  killed.  14  wounded,  and 
of  other  ranks  216  were  killed  and  wounded. 

The  steadiness  shown  by  these  two  bat- 
talions is  deserving  of  special  mention,  as  I 
understand  the  majority  of  the  men  have  iess 
than  three  months'  service. 

In  view  of  the  opposition  met  with,  it  was 
not  considered  advisanle  tu  push  on  to  Trinity 
College  that  niaht,  so  af  11  p.m.  the  5th 
South  Staffordshire  Reejimen  from  the  176th 
Infantry  Brigade,  reinforced  this  column,  and 
by  occupying  the  positions  gai  ;d  allowed 
the  two  battalions  Sherwood  Foresters  to  be 
concentrated  at  Ballsbridge. 

HEROIC    CP'IL!/>N'!?. 

In  connection  with  this  -Jicng  at  Mount 
street  Bridge,  where  our  aviest  casualties 
occurred,  I  should  like  to  entiun  the  gallant 
assistance  given  bv  a  number  of  medical  men, 
ladies,  nurses  and  women  servants,  who  at 
great  risk  brought  in  and  tended  to  the 
wounded,  continuing  their  efforts  even  when 
deliberately  fired  at  by  the   rebels. 

(11)  Meanwhile  severe  fighting  had  taken 
place  in  the  Sackville  street  quarter.  At  8 
a.m.  Liberty  Hall,  the  former  headquarters 
of  the  Sinn  Feiners,     was  attacked     ly  field 

.guns  from  the  south  hank  of  the  River  Liffey, 
and  by  a  gun  from  the  patrol  ship  Helga, 
with  the  result  that  considerable  progress  was 
made 

During  the  night  of  26th-27th  April  several 
fires  broke  out  in  this  quarter  and  threatened 
to  become  dangerous,  as  the  dre  brigade  eoold 
not  get  to  work  owing  to  their  being  fired 
upon   by  the  rebels. 

Throughout  the  dav  further  troops  of  th« 
176th  Brigade  arrived  in  the  Dublin  area. 

(12)  On  27th  April  the 
5th  Leinsters, 

2'fcth  Sherwood  Foresters, 
3rd   Royal   Irish   Kegiment, 
Tne  Ulster  composite  battalion, 
under  the  command  of  Colonel   Portal,  began 
and   completed    by   5   p.m.    the   forming  of  a 
♦'ordon  round  the  rebels  in  the  Sackville  street 
area,   which   operation    win   carried  out  with 
iunall  ki.sa.. 


About  12.45  p.m.  Linen  Hall  Barracks, 
■which  were  occupied  by  the  Army  Pay  Office, 
were  reported  to  have  been  set  on  fire  by  the 
rebels   and  were  destroyed. 

By  night-fall  the  177th  Infantry  Brigade 
had  arrived  at  Kingstown,  where  it  remained 
for  the  night. 

£IR    JOHN     MAXWELL'S     ARRIVAL. 

(13)  At  2  a.m.  on  the  28th  April  I  arrived 
at  North  Wall  and  found  many  buildings  in 
Sackville  street  burning  fiercely,  illuminating 
the  whole  city,  and  a  fusilade  of  rirle  fire 
going  on  in  several  quarters  of  the  city. 

Accompanied  by  several  Staff  Officers  who 
had  come  with  me,  I  proceeded  to  the  Royal 
Hospital. 

After  a  conference  with  Major-General 
Friend  and  Brigadier-General  Lowe,  I  in- 
structed the  latter  to  close  in  on  Sackville 
street  from  East  and  West,  and  to  carry  out 
a  house-to-house  search  in  areas  gained. 

I  was  able  to  place  the  2/4  Lincolns  at  his 
disposal  for  the  purpose  of  forming  a  cordon 
along  the  Grand  Canal,  so  enclosing  the 
southern  part  of  the  city  and  forming  a  com- 
plete cordon  round  Dublin. 

During  the  afternoon  the  2/5th  and  2/ 6th 
South  Staffords  arrived  at  Trinity  College, 
and  this  additional  force  allowed  me  to  begin 
the  task  of  placing  a  cordon  round  the  Four 
Courts  area  in  the  same  way  as  the  Sackville 
street  area,  which  had  already  been  success- 
fully   isolated. 

During  the  afternoon  the  2/5th  and  2/6th 
Reserve  Cavalry  Regiment,  which  had  been 
escorting  ammunition  and  rifles  from  North 
Wall,  and  had  been  held  up  in  Charles  street, 
■was  relieved  by  armoured  motor  lorries, 
which  had  been  roughly  armoured  with  boiler 
plates  by  the  Inchicore  Railway  Works  and 
placed  at  my  cisposa!  by  Messrs.   Guinness. 

FIELD    ARTILLERY    HASTENS    THE 
SURRENDER. 

Throughout  the  night  the  process  of  driving 
out  the  rebels  in  and  around  Sackville  street 
continued,  though  these  operations  were 
greatly  hampered  by  the  fires  in  this  area  and 
by  the  fact  that  some  of  the  .burning  houses 
contained  rebel  stores  of  explosives  which 
every   now   and  agr.in   blew   up. 

In  other  quarters  of  the  city  the  troops  had' 
a  trying  time  dealing  with  the  numerous 
snipers,  who  became  very  troublesome  during 
the  hours  of  darkness. 

(14)  Owing  to  the  considerable  opposition 
at  barricades,  especially  in  North  King  street, 
it  was  not  until  9  a.m.  on  the  29th  April  that 
the  Four  Courts  area  was  completely  *»ir- 
rounded. 

Throughout  the  morning  the  squeezing  out 
of  the  surrounded  areas  was  vigorously  pro- 
ceeded with,  the  infantry  being  greatly  as- 
sisted by  a  battery  of  Field  Artillery  com- 
manded by  Major  Hill,  who  used  his  guns 
against  the  buildings  held  by  the  rebels  with 
such  good  effect  that  a  Red  Cross  Nurse 
brought  in  a  message  from  the  rebel  leader, 
P.  H.  Pearse,  asking  for  terms.  A  reply  was 
eent  1  -at  only  unconditional  surrender  would 
b«  accepted.     At  2  p.m.   Pearse  surrendered 


himself  unconditionally,  and  was  brought  be- 
fee  me,  when  he  wrote  and  signed  notices 
ordering  the  various  "  Commandoes  "  to  sur- 
render unconditionally. 

During  the  evening  the  greater  part  of  the 
rebels  in  the  Sackville  street  and  Four  Courts 
area  surrendered. 

(15)  Early  on  the  30th  April  two  Franciscan 
monks  informed  me  that  the  rebel  leader, 
Macdonagh,  declining  to  accept  Pearse's 
orders,  wished  to  negotiate. 

He  was  informed  that  only  unconditional 
surrender  would  be  accepted,  and  at  3  p.m., 
when  all  preparation  for  an  attack  on  Jacobs' 
Biscuit  Factory,  which  he  held,  had  been 
made,  Macdonagh  and  his  band  of  rebels  sur- 
rendered unconditionally. 

In  the  St.  Stephen's' Green  area.  Countess 
Markievicz  and  her  band  surrendered  and 
were  taken  to  the  Castle. 

These  surrenders  practically  ended  the  re- 
bellion in  the  City  of  Dublin. 

(16)  Throughout  the  night  of  the  30th 
April/lst  May  isolated  rebels  continued  to 
snipe  the  troops,  but  during  the  1st  May  these 
were  gradually  cleared  out,  and  in  conjunc- 
tion with  the  police  a  systematic  house-to- 
house  search  for  rebels  and  arms  was  con- 
tinued. 

ANXIETY  ABOUT  THE  COUNTRY. 

(17)  During  the  severe  fighting  which  took 
place  in  Dublin  the  greatest  anxiety  was 
caused  by  the  disquieting  reports  received 
from  many  parts  of  Ireland,  and  chiefly  from— 

(a)  County  Dublin. 

(b)  County   Meath. 

(c)  County  Louth. 

(d)  County  Galway. 
(?)  County  Wexford. 
(f)  County  Clare 

{(/)   County  Kerry. 

(18)  On  the  27th"  April,  as  soon  es  the 
troops  became  available,  a  detachment  was 
sent  by  sea  from  Kingstown  to  .Arklow  to  re- 
inforce the  garrison  at  Lynoch's  Explosive 
Works,  and  a  small  party  was  sent  to  assist 
the  R.I.C.  post  over  the  wireless  station  at 
Skerries. 

On  the  28th  April  a  battalion  of  the  Sher- 
wood Foresters  was  despatched  by  rail  to 
Athlone  to  protect  1he  artillery  and  military 
stores  there  and  to  hold  the  communication 
over  the  River  Shannon. 

(19)  Brigadier-General  Stafford,  the  Garri- 
son Commander  at  Queenstown,  was  directed 
to  use  his  discretion  in  the  employment  of 
troops  under  his  command,  and  on  3uth  April 
he  was  reinforced  from  England  by  one  batta- 
lion of  the  179th  Brigade,  60th  Division,  a 
battalion  of  the  Royal  Marines,  and  later  by 
the  remaimiefc   s-f  the  179th   Brigade. 

(20)  BrigadieY-General  Hackett-Pain,  wh« 
assumed'  command  of  the  troops  in  Ulster, 
made  effective  use  of  the  trocp«  under  hie 
command,  and  it  was  lar-ely  due  to  the  dis- 
positions made  by  these  t\/o  Commander! 
that  the  Sinn  Feiners  in  the  South  and  Nortfc 
of  Ireland  were  restrained  from  takirg  a  moix 
active  part  in  the  rebellion. 


ASSISTANCE    FROM   THE    R.I.C. 

I  received  the  greatest  assistance  from  the 
Inspector-General  Royal  Irish  Constabulary, 
and  from  all  his  inspectors  and  men,  and 
throughout  the  rebellion  I  worked  in  the 
closest  co-operation  with  them.  In  many 
districts  small  posts  of  these  gallant  men  were 
isolated  and  had  to  defend  themselves  against 
overwhelming  numbers,  which  they  success- 
fully did  except  in  very  few  cases. 

It  was  with  great  regret  I  received  the  re- 
port of  28th  April  that  a  body  of  Royal  Irish 
Constabulary,  under  Inspector  Gray,  had  been 
ambushed  by  the  rebels  at  Ashbourne,  which 
resulted  in  Inspectors  Gray  and  Smith  and 
eight  constables  being  killed  and  14  wounded. 

It  was  not  until  30th  April  that  I  was  able 
to  spare  a  mobile  column  to  deal  with  this 
bodv  of  rebels,  the  leaders  of  which  were 
secured. 

DESPATCH    OF    MOBILE    COLUMNS. 

In  other  narts  of  Ireland  similar  attacks  on 
police  posts  had  been  made  by  armed  bands 
of  Sinn  Feiners.  In  order  to  deal  with 
these,  as  soon  as  the  Dublin  rebels  had  been 
crushed,  I  organised  various  mobile  columns, 
each  consisting  of  from  one  to  two  companies 
of  infantry,  a  squadron  of  cavalry,  one 
18-pounder  gun  and  an   armoured  car. 

Each  column  was  allotted  a  definite  area, 
which,  in  close  co-operation  with  the  local 
police,  was  gone  through,  and  dangerous 
Sinn  Feiners  and  men  who  were  known  to 
have  taken  an  active  part  in  the  rising  were 
arrested ;  in  addition  many  arms  belonging 
to  Sinn  Feiners  were  surrendered  or  seized. 

I  am  glad  to  be  aide  to  report  that  the 
presence  of  these  columns  had  the  best  pos- 
sible effect  on  the  people  in  country  districts, 
in  many  of  which  troops  had  not  been  seen 
for  years. 

(22)  That  splendid  bodv  of  men,  the  Dublin 
Metropolitan  Police,  could  give  me  little  or 
tut  .iss:stance,  because  they  were  unarmed. 
Mad  they  been  armed  I  doubt  if  the  rising  in 
Dublin  would  have  had  the  success  it  did. 

(23)  I  am  glad  to  report  that  the  conduct 
of  the  troops  was  admirable;  their  cheerful- 
ness, -courage,  and  good  discipline,  under  the 
most  trying  conditions,  was  excellent. 

Although  doors  and  windows  of  shops  and 
houses  had  to  be  broken  open,  no  genuine 
case  of  looting  has  been  reported  to  me. 
whi<  h  I  consider  reflects  the  greatest  credit 
on  all  ranks. 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 

(24)  I  wish  to  acknowledge  the  great  as- 
pi-tanc;  I  received  from  the  Provost  of  Trinity 
College;  the  clergy  "f  all  denominations'; 
civilian  medical  men:  Red  < 'ross  nurses,  who 
were  untiring  in  their  attention  to  1  lie 
wounded,  often  rendered  under  heavy  fire; 
ambulances  provided  by  Royal  Ambulance 
Corps;  the  Irish  Volunteer  Training  Corps 
and  the  members  of  St.  John's  An  bulance 
Corps;  the  Civilian  and  Officers'  Training 
<  or;  s  motor  cyclists,  who  fearlessly  carried 
despatches  through  streets  infested  wlli 
sniper*;  te'egrapn  operators  and  engineeis; 
a..d  from  the  ladv  operators  of  the  1'cle;    — ia 


Exchange,  to  whose  efforts  the  onlv  means  of 
rapid  communication  remained  available. 

I  am  glad  to  be  able  to  record  my  opinion 
that  the  feelings  of  the  bulk  of  the  citizens  of 
Dublin  being  against  the  Sinn  I-  chirrs  mate- 
rially influenced  the  collapse  of  the  rebellion. 

(25)  I  deplore  the  serious  losses  which  the 
troops  and  the  civilian  volunteers  have 
suffered  during  these  very  disagreeable  opera- 
tions. 

I  have  the  honour  to  be, 

Your  most  obedient  servant. 

J.  G.  MAXWELL, 

General. 

DIFFICULTIES    OF    THE    TROOPS. 

From  the  General  Officer  Commanding-in 
Chief,  the  Forces  in  I: eland,  to  the  Secre- 
tary of  State  for  War. 

Headquarters.  Irish  Command 

Dublin,  2.-.1  May,  1916. 
My  Lord, 

In  amplification  of  tire  report  of  the  opera- 
tions undertaken  by  the  troops  in  Dublin, 
which  I  forwarded  to  Field-Marshal  Lord 
French  on  25th  May.  I  think-  it  desirable  to 
bring  to  your  notice  the  difficult  conditions 
under  which  the  troops  had  to  act. 

CONFUSED    AND    TRYING    CONDITIONS. 

(1)  The  rebellion  began  by  Sinn  Feiwrit, 
presumably  acting  under  orders,  shooting  in 
cold  blood  certain  soldiers  and  policemen, 
simultaneously  they  took  possession  of  various 
important  buildings  and  occupied  houses 
along  the  routes  into  the  City  of  Dublin 
which  were  likely  to  be  used  by  troops  taking 
up   posts. 

(2)  Most  of  the  rebels  were  not  in  any  uni- 
form, and  by  mixing  with  neaceful  citizens 
made  it  almost  impossible  for  the  troops  to 
distinguish  between  friend  and  foe  until  fire 
was  opened. 

(3)  In  many  cases  troops  having  passed 
along  a  street  seemingly  occ^Died  by  harm- 
less people  were  suddenly  fired  upon  from 
behind  from  windows  and  roof-tops.  Such 
were  the  conditions  when  reinforcements  com- 
menced to  arrive  in  Dublin. 

SHOOTING    OF    CIVILIANS. 

(4)  Whilst  fighting  continued  under  con- 
ditions at  once  so  confused  and  so  trving,  it 
is  possible  that  some  innocent  citizens  were 
shot.  It  must  be  remembered  that  the 
struggle  was  in  many  cases  of  a  house  to- 
house  character,  that  sniping  was  continuous 
and  very  persistent,  and  that  it  was  often 
extremely  difficult  to  distinguish  between 
those  who  were  or  had  been  firing  upon  the 
troops  and  those  who  had  for  various  reasons 
chosen  to  remain  on  the  scene  of  the  fighting, 
instead  of  leaving  the  homes  and  passing 
through  the  cordons 

(5)  The  number  of  such  incidents  that  has 
been  brought  to  notice  \:-  very  ihs'gnificant. 

(6)  Once  the  rebellion  started  the  members 
of  the  Dublin  Metropolitan  Police — an  un- 
armed uniformed  force — had  to  be  wb'.idrawn, 
or  they  would  have  been  mercilessly  shot 
down,  as,  indeed,  were  all  who  had  the  bad 
luck  to  meet  the  rebels,     in   their  absence  a 


97 


number  of  the  worst  elements  of  the  city 
joined  the  rebels  and  were  aimed  by  them. 
The  daily  record  of  the  Dublin  Magistrates' 
Court  proves  that  such  looting  as  there  was 
was  done  by  such  elements. 

DELIBERATE    TIRING    ON    AMBULANCES    AND 
FIREMEN. 

(7)  There  have  been  numerous  incidents  of 
deliberate  shooting  on  ambulances,  and  those 
courageous  people  who  voluntarily  came  out 
to  tend  to  the  wounded.  The  City  Fire  Bri- 
gade, when  turned  out  in  consequence  of  in- 
cendiary fires,  were  fired  on  and  had  to  re- 
tire. 

(8)  As  soon  as  it  was  ascertained  that  the 
rebels  had  established  themselves  in  various 
centres,  the  first  phase  of  operations  was  con- 
ducted with  a  view  to  isolate  them  by  form- 
ing a  cordon  of  troops  around  each. 

(9)  To  carry  out  this  streets  were  selected, 
along  which  the  cordon  could  be  drawn. 
Some  of  these  streets,,  for  instance,  North 
King  street,  were  found  to  be  strongly  held 
rebels  occupying  the  roofs  of  houses,  upper 
windows,  and  strongly-constructed  barricades. 

(10)  Artillery  fire  was  only  used  to  reduce 
the  barricades,  or  against  a  particular  house 
known  to  be  strongly  held. 

(la.)  The  troops  suffered  severe  losses  in 
establishing  these  cordons,  and,  once  estab- 
lished, the  troops  were  subjected  to  a  con- 
tinuous fire  from  all  directions,  especially  at 
night  time,  and  invariably  from  persons  con- 
cealed in  houses. 

THE    MILITARY    LOSSES. 

(12)  To  give  an  idea  of  the  opposition 
offered  to  His  Majesty's  troops  in  the  execu- 
tion of  their  duty,  the  following  losses  oc- 
curred : — 

Killed.       Wounded. 

Officers       17     46 

Other  ranks     89     288 

(13)  I  wish  to  draw  attention  to  the  fact 
that,  when  it  became  known  that  the  leaders 
of  the  rebellion  wished  to  surrender,  the 
officers  used  every  endeavour  to  prevent 
further  bloodshed  ;  emissaries  were  sent  in  to 
the  various  isolated  bands,  and  time  was 
given  them  to  consider  their  position. 

(14)  I  cannot  imagine'  a  more  difficult 
situation  than  that  in  which  the  troors  were 
placed ;  most  of  those  employed  were  draft- 
filling  battalions  or  young  Territorials  from 
England,  who  had  no  knowledge  of  Lublin. 

(15)  The  surrenders,  which  began  -on  April 
30th,  were  continued  until  late  on  May  1st, 
during  which  time  there  was  a  considerable 
amount  of  isolated   sniping. 

(16)  Under  the  circumstances  related  above, 
I  consider  the  troops  as  a  whole  behaved 
with  the  greatest  restraint,  and  carried  out 
their  disagreeable  and  distasteful  duties  in  a 
manner  which  reflects  the  greatest  credit  on 
their  discipline. 

ALLEGATIONS     AGAINST    TROOPS. 

(17)  Allegations  on  the  behaviour  of  the 
troops  brought  to  my  notice  are  being  most 
carefully  inquired  into.  I  am  glad  to  say 
they  are  few  in  number,  and  these  are  not 
all  borne  out  by  direct  evidence. 


(18)  Numerous  cases  of  unarmed  persons 
killed  by  rebels- during  the  outbreak  have  been 
reported  to  me.  As  instances,  I  may  select 
the  following  for  your  information  : — 

J.  O'Brien,  a  constable  of  the  Dublin  Metro- 
politan Police,  was  shot  while  on  duty  at 
Castle  Gate  on  April  24th.  On  the  same 
day  another  constable  of  the  same  force, 
named  M.Lahiff,  was  shot  while  on  duty 
at  St.  Stephen's  Green.  On  April  25th 
R.  Waters,  of  Recess,  Monkstown,_  Co. 
Dublin,  was  shot  at  Mount  street  Bridge, 
while  being  driven  into  Dublin  by  Cap- 
tain Scovell,  R.A.M.C. 

All    these    were     unarmed,    as     was     Captain 

Scovell.  .  In    the    last   case,    the    car   was   not 

challenged  or  asked  to  stop. 

(19)  I  wish  to  emnhasise  that  the  responsi- 
bility for  the  loss  of  life,  however  it  occurred, 
the  destruction  of  property,  and  other  losses, 
rests  entirely  with  those  who  engineered  this 
revolt,  and  who,  at  a  time  when  the  Empire 
is  engaged  in  a  gigantic  struggle,  invited  the 
assistance  and  co-operation  of  the  Germans. 

I  have  the  honour  to  be,  my  Lord, 
Your  obedient  Servant, 
fbP-d.l     J    G.  MAXWELL,  General. 


VISCOUNT   FRENCH'S   DESPATCH. 

GERMAN    ATTACK    ON    YARMOUTH    TO    ASSIST 

THE    IRISH    RISING. 

The  Secretary  of  State  for  War,  on  Tues- 
day, 23rd  January,  1917,  issued  the  following 
despatch  from  Field-Marshal  Viscount  French, 
G.C.B.,  Commanding -in-Chief,  Home  Forces, 
dated  from  : — 

General  Headquarters,  Home  Forces, 
Horse  Guards,  London,  S.W., 
31st  December,  1916. 

On  the  24th  April  the  rebellion  broke  out 
in  Dublin.  I  have  already  referred  to  this 
in  my  despatch  of  the  29th  May,  covering  a 
report  from  the  General  Officer  Command)  ng- 
in-Chief  in  Ireland,  which  dealt  fully  with 
the  occurrence.  I  will  only  add  that  both 
in  England  and  in  Ireland  the  military- 
arrangements  for  its  suppression  proved  every- 
where adequate,  and  reflect  great  credit  on 
all    concerned. 

On  April  25th,  the  morning  after  the  out- 
break in  Dublin,  a  hostile  squadron,  accom- 
panied by  submarines,  appeared  off  Lowestoft. 
No  doubt,  the  object  of  this  demonstration 
was  to  assist  the  Irish  rebellion  and  to  dis- 
tract attention  from  Ireland.  It  failed  entirely 
to    accomplish   its   object. 

The  enemy  opened  fire  at  long  range  on  the 
towns  of  Yarmouth  and  Lowestoft,  and  con- 
tinued the  bombardment  for  about  twenty 
minutes,  after  which  they  were  engaged  by 
our  cruisers  and  torpedo  boat  destroyers,  and 
they  steamed  away  to  the  north-east. 

In  addition  to  the  heavier  ships  and  sub- 
marines, the  squadron  was  accompanied  by  a 
number  of  destroyers,  but  the  results  of  the 
bombardment  were  comparatively  small,  and 
no  damage  whatever  of  military  importance 
was  done. 


93 


HONOURS  AND  AWARDS  FOR 
SERVICES. 


PROMOTIONS  AND  DECORATIONS. 

No  special  list  of  honours  was  issued  in  con- 
nection with  the  services  rendered  by  the  mili- 
tary during  the  rebellion,  but  in  two  supple- 
ments to  the  "London  Gazette,"  issued  by  the 
War  Office  on  24th  and  25th  January,  1917, 
there  appeared  the  names  of  the  following 
officers  and  men  who  were  known  to  have 
been  engaged  in  Dublin  and  other  parts  of 
Ireland  at  the  time  of  the  rising. 

C.B. 
Maj.    and  Bt.      Lt.-Col.      (Hon.      Brig.-Gen  1 

Joseph  Aloysius  Byrne,  ret.  pay,  late  it. 

Tnnis.   Fus. 
ORDER     OF    ST.    MICHAEL    AND    ST.    GEORGE. 
C.M.G. 

Maj.    and  Bt.  Lt.-Col.    (temp.   Lt.-Col.)  Cecil 

Fane,   D.S.O.,   Lrs.,      attd.      Notts      and 

Derby  R. 

TO    BE   HONORARY   MAJOR-GENERAL. 
Col.   (temp.  Brig.-Gen.)  W.  H.  M.  Lowe,  C.B., 

ret.  pay. 

TO     BE    BREVET    COLONEL. 
Lt.-Col.   Sir  A.     A.     Weldon,     Bt.,     C.V.O., 

D.S  Q„  Leitis,  R.,  Spec.  Res. 

TO   BE  COMPANIONS  OF  THE   DISTINGUISHED 
SERVICE     ORDER. 

Maj.  G.  A.  Harris,  TJnattd.  List,  T.F. 
Temp.  Maj.  Ivor  H.  Price,  Spec.  List. 
Capt.  A.  H.  Quibell,  Notts,  and  Derby  R. 
Capt.   (temp.  Lt.-Col.)  F.  Rayner,  Notts,   and 

Derby  R. 
Maj.   H.   F.   Somerville,  Rif.  Brig. 

AWARDED    THE    MILITARY    CROSS. 
Lt.    (temp.    Capt.)   E.    H.   Alton,      T.F.      and 

O.T.C. 
2nd  Lt.    (temp.   Capt.)  H.   A.   Hewitt,   Notts. 

and  Deibv  R. 
Capt.    (now  Maj.)  M.   C.   Martyn,  Notts,    and 

Derby  R. 

AWARDED    THE    DISTINGUISHED    CONDUCT 
MEDAL. 

1126  Pte.  E.  Carroll,  R.  Ir.  Fus. 

2543   Sgt.    Dmr.    R.    M.    Cooper,    Notts,    tnd 

Derby  R. 
9188  A./S-AI-  T.  dimming,  P.S.,  attd.  Notts. 

and  Derby  R. 
76050  Pte.  A.   A.  Devey,  R.A.M.C. 
3886  Pte.  J.  Hill,  Notts,  and  Derby  R.,  now 

Cpl.,  R.  War.  R. 
4045  Pte.  F.  Snowdin,  Notts,  and  Derby  R., 

now  40861,  Manch.  R. 

AWARDED   THE    MILITARY    MEDAL. 
Miss  Louisa  Nolan. 
Miss  Florence  Williams. 

MENTIONED       IN      DESPATCHES      FOR 

DISTINGUISHED     SERVICES     IN     CONNECTION 

WITH     THE     WAR. 

Ulatt,  Col.  H.  T.  W..  R.  Ir.  Rif.  (deceased). 
Baker    Lt.   A.   W.     W.,     Dublin     University 

o.'t.c 

Battenberg,  Capt.   Bis  Highness  Pnnce  Alex- 
ander of,   (J.C.V.O.,   C.   U<ls. 


Byrne,   Maj.    and   Bt.    Lt.-Col.    (temp.    Brig.- 
Gen.)  J.  A.,  R.   Innis.   Fus. 
Cheylesmore,  Maj. -Gen.  H.  F.,  Lord,K.C.V.O., 

ret.  pav. 
Cowan,  Cob  H.  V.,  C.B.,  C.V.O.,  ret.  pay. 
de  Courcy  Wheeler,  Maj.  W.  I.,  R.A.M.C. 
Dietrichsen,  Capt.  and  Adjt.  F.  C,  Notts,  cir.d 

Derby  R.  (killed). 
Downie,  Capt.  F.,  Lond.   R. 
Fanshawe,    Lt.-Col.     (temp.    Col.)       R.       W., 

A.P.D. 
Friend,  Maj. -Gen.  Right  Hon.  L.  B.,  C.B. 
Harris  Maj.  G.  A.,  Unattd.  List. 
Hill,  Maj.  G.  N.,  R.F.A. 
Kennedv,  Sec.  Lt.  T.  J.,  R.  Innis.  Fus. 
McCammon,  Lt.-Col.  T.  V.  P.,  R.  Ir.  Rif. 
North,  Sec.  Lt.  F.  W.,  R.  Ir.  Rest. 
Oates.  Lt.  (temp.  Capt.)  J.  S.  C,  M.C.,  Notts. 

and  Derby  R. 
Oates,  Lt.-Col.  W.  C,  Notts,  and  Derby  R. 
O'Neill,  Sec.  Lt.  F.,  R.  Dub.  Fus.  (killed). 
Owen-Lewis,  Maj.   A.  F.,  D.S.O.,   Capt.,  ret. 

pav,  Res.  of  Off. 
Pain,  Col.  (temp.  Brig.-Gen.)  G.  W.  H.,  C.B.f 

ret.  pav. 
Portal,  Lt.-Gol,   and  Bt.   Col.   B.   P.,   D.S.O.,: 

Res.  of  Off.,  late  Hrs. 
Price,  Maj.  I.  H.,  Spec.  List. 
Quibell,  Capt.  A.  H.,  Notts,  and  Derby  R. 
Sheppard,  Capt.  J.,  S.  Staffs.  R, 
Somerville,  Mai.  H.  F.,  Rif.  Brig. 
Stafford,   Col.    (temp.   Brig.  Gen.)   W.   F.   H., 

C.B.,  ret,  pav,  late  R.E. 
Weldon,  Lt.-Col/  Sir  A.   A.,     Bt.,      C.V.O., 

D.S.O.,  Leins.  R. 
Wylie,   Sec.   Lt.    (temp.   Lt.)  W.   E.,   Unattd. 

List,  Dublin  University  O.T.C. 
Barrett,    4276   Actg.    Cpl/ J.    S.,    Staffs      R. 

(killed). 
Burke.   25692  L.-Sgt.   F.W.R..   R.   Dub.   Fus. 

(killed.) 
Dixev,   2454  Co.  Sgt. -Maj.   H.   G,   Notts   and 

Derby.  R.   (killed.) 
Hewett,  .1474    L.-Cpl.    H.,    King    Eo^..-*'* 

King,  3057  Actg.   Cpl.   C,   N.  Staffs  R. 


KINGS  MEDAL  AWARDED  TO  POLICE 
OFFICERS. 

On  Monday,  13th,  February,  1917,  it  was  an- 
nounced that  His  Majesty  the  King  had  been 
pleased  to  award  the  King's  Police 
Medal  to  the  following  officers  of  the  Royal 
Irish  Constabulary  and"  the  Dublin  Metropoli- 
tan Police  in  recognition  of  conspicuous 
gallantry  during  the  Irish  rebellion. 

County  Inspector  George  Bedell  Ruttledge, 
Royal  Irish  Constabulary,  in  charge  of  the 
County  Galway.  He  showed  conspicuous  cour- 
age and  ability  during  the  rebellion,  when,  as 
practically  no  troops  were  available,  he  was 
entirely  responsible  for  the  security  of  the 
county.  The  measures  taken  by  him  were 
prompt  and  energetic,  and  the  operations  cf 
the  police  in  attacking  and  dispersing  bodies 
of  armed  rebels,  greatly  superior  in  numbers, 
•were  conducted  under  his  personal  leadership. 


99 


Sergeant  William  O'Connell,  R.I.C.,  Drum- 
conrath,  Co.  Meath. — Conspicuous  gallantry 
during  an  attack  by  a  large  body  of  rebels  on 
a  party  of  police,  who  lost  eight  killed  and 
fifteen  wounded.  By  his  personal  example  he 
encouraged  the  men  under  his  command  to 
offer  a  prolonged  resistance. 

Sergeant  Thomas  Reiily,  R.I.C.,  Portadown, 
Co.  Armagh. — Conspicuous  gallantry  in  arrest- 
ing and  disarming  a  leading  rebel,  whose  cap- 
ture during  the  early  part  of  the  rebellion  was 
of  the  greatest  importance. 

Constable  Eugene  Bratton,  R.I.C.,  Navan, 
Co.  Meath. — Conspicuous  gallantry  during  the 
rebellion.  As  a  motor  cycle  de- 
spatch carrier  he  risked  his  life  on 
several    occasions.  He    volunteered    to    act 

as  chauffeur  in  the  place  of  a  man  who  had 
run  away,  and,  after  driving  the  police  to  a 
spot  where  fighting  was  taking  place,  joined 
In  the  fighting.  He  was  captured  by  the 
rebels,  but  escaped,  and  cycled  to  the  Post 
Office  to  telephone  for  help,  afterwards  return- 
ing to  the  scene  of  the  fight. 

Sergeant  Patrick  Kaugh,  Dublin  Metropolis 
tan  Police. — Conspicuous  gallantry  under  fire 
in  rescuing  from  a  position  of  great  danger  a 
police  officer  who  had  been  seriously  wounded. 

Constable  Thomas  Barrett,  67  B,  D.M.P.— 
Conspicuous  gallantry  in  arresting  and  disarm- 
ing a  man  who  was  threatening  to  shoot  two 
soldiers. 

Constable  John  Barton,  37  B,  DM. P.— Con- 
spicuous gallantry  and  exceptional  ability  and 
devotion  to  duty  during  the  past  year.  He 
has  been  instrumental  in  the  detection  and 
apprehension  of  a  very  large  number  of 
criminals.  During  the  first  night  of  the  re- 
bellion he  arrested  at  great  personal  risk 
twenty-seven  persons  who  were  looting  in  the 
vicinity  of  O'Connell  Bridge,  which  was 
dominated  by  rebel  fire,  and  on  the  same 
night,  with  the  assistance  of  another  officer, 
he  arrested  two  armed  men  who  were  carry- 
ing a  large  quantity  of  ammunition. 

Constable  James  H.  Coulter,  187  A,  D.M.P. 
— Conspicuous  gallantry  in  conveying  ammuni- 
tion under  fire  to  Dublin  Castle,  and  subse- 
quently in  disarming,  after  a  severe  struggle, 
a  rebel  who  was  attacking  passers-by  with 
rifle  and  bavonet. 


THANKS  TO  THE   FORCES  OF  THE 

CROWN. 

KING'S    MESSAGE   TO   SOLDIERS    AND    POLICE. 

The  following  message  was  received  from  Hii 
Majesty   the    King  : — 

"  Windsor  Castle,  4th  May,  1916. 
"To  General  Sir  John  Maxwell,  G.O.C. 

in  C,  Irish  Command,  Dublin. 
"  Now  that  the  recent  lamentable  outbreak 
has  finally  been  quelled  1  wish  to^express  to 
my  gallant  troops  in  Ireland,  to  "the  1  loyal 
Irish  Constabulary,  and  the  Dubin  Metro- 
politan Police  my  deep  sense  of  the  whole- 
hearted devotion  to  duty  and  spirit  of  self-sacri- 
fice with  which  throughout  thev  have  acted.— 
«  GEORGE  JR.I."- 


6IR    JOHN    MAXWELL'S  THANKS  TO    HIS   MEN. 

The  following  General  Order  was  issued  to 
the  troops  by  Sir  John  Maxwell,  General  Com- 
manding-in-Chief  the  Forces  in  Ireland  : — 

I  desire  to  thank  the  troops  who  have  been 
engaged  in  the  City  of  Dublin  for  their  snlen- 
did  behaviour  under  the  trying  conditions  of 
street  fighting  which  1  found  it  necessary  to 
order  them  to  undertake.  Owing  to  the  excel- 
lent direction  of  the  officers  and  the  tireless 
effort  of  the  troops  all  the  surviving  rebels  in 
Dublin  have  now  surrendered  unconditionally. 
I  especially  wish  to  express  my  gratitude  to 
those  Irish  regiments  which  have  so  largely 
helped  to  crush  this  rising. 

Many  incidents  of  very  gallant  behaviour 
have  been  brought  to  my  notice,  which  1  am 
unable  to  refer  to  in  this  Older,  but  I  must 
express  my  admiration  of  the  conduct  of  a 
small  detachment  from  the  6th  Reserve 
Cavalry  Regiment,  which,  when  convoying 
ammunition,  was  attacked  in  Charles  street, 
and,  after  a  splendid  defence  for  three  and  a 
half  davs,  during  which  their  leaders  were 
struck  down,  safely  delivered  the  ammunition. 
J.  G.  MAXWELL. 
General  Commanding-in-Ghief  the  Forces  in 

Ireland 
Headquarters,  Irish  Command.  May  1,  1916. 

TRIBUTE  TO  DOCTORS  AND  NURSES. 
Sir  John  Maxwell  issued  the  follow- 
ing :— "  Headquarters,  Irish  Command,  Park- 
gate,  Dublin,  7th  May,  1916.  I  desire  to  ex- 
press my  sincere  appreciation  of  the  services 
rendered  during  the  recent  disturbances  in 
Dublin  by  the  medical,  surgical,  and  nursing 
staffs  of  many  of  the  city  hospitals,  and  in 
particular  of  the  gallantry  shown  by  those 
nurses  who  exposed  themselv»s  to  a  heavy 
fire  in  atte.^.'ng  to  *a«  removing  the 
wounded.  Also  to  the  members  of  the  Red 
Cross  and  St.  John  Ambulance  Societies,  and 
the  many  medical  men  and  private  individuals 
who  gave  assistance  in  attending  to  the 
wounded  or  placed  their  houses  at  the  dis- 
posal of  the  military  for  use  as  dressing 
stations.  In  numerous  instances  these  ser- 
vices were  rendered  at  considerable  personal 
risk  and  under  circumstances  reflecting  the 
greatest  credit  on  those  engaged  in  them 
(Signed)  J.  G.  Maxwell,  General,  Command! 
ing-in-Chief  the  Forces  in  Ireland." 
LORD  LIEUTENANT'S  TRIBUTE  TO  D.M.P. 
The  Lord  Lieutenant  addressed  the  fol- 
lowing letter  to  the  Chief  Commissioner  of  the 
Dublin  Metropolitan  Police  : — 

Viceregal  Lodge,  Dublin, 
8th  May,  1916. 
Dear  Colonel  Johnstone. — I  wish  to  con- 
vey to  you  my  very  warm  appreciation  of  the 
conduct  of  the  officers  and  men  under  your 
command  during  the  recent  disturbances  in 
Dublin.  Although  they  were  without  arms, 
your  men  carried  out  their  duties  in  very 
difficult  and  trying  circumstances  with  resolu- 
tion and  courage,  and  I  congratulate  you 
warmly  on  their  conduct.  I  deeply  regret  the 
casualties  that  have  occurred  in  the  ranks  of 
thd  force.  —  Yours  sincerely, 

WlMBOKNB. 


100 


LORD    WIMBORNE    THANKS    THE     R.I.C. 

Ti.e  Inspector-General  of  the  Royal  Irish 
Constabulary  directed  that  the  following  copy 
of  a  letter  received  by  him  horn  His  Ex- 
cellency the  Lord  Lieutenant  should  be  com- 
wmncated  to  all  ranks  of  the  Reserve  and 
Depot    forces  : — 

'  Dear  Sir  Neville  Chamberlain, — Now  that 
the  disturbances  due  to  the  Sinn  Fein  rising 
have  been  suppressed,  I  have  to  express  to 
you  my  deep  appreciation  of  the  gallantry 
and  devotion  to  duty  displayed  by  the  officers 
and  men  under  your  command  during  the 
crisis.  In  a  number  ol'  instances  small  parties 
of  constabulary  have  found  themselves  in 
circumstances  of  great  danger,  but  on  every 
occasion  they  have  shown  courage  and  resolu- 
tion in  everv  respect  worthy  of  the  great 
traditions  of  (he  force  to  which  they  belong. 
I  deeply  regret  that  some  members  of  the 
constabulary  should  have  lost,  their  lives 
■while  gallantly  doing  their  duty,  and  I  shall. 
use  every  endeavour  to  see  that  the  claims 
of  their  families  meet  with  every  considera- 
tion.— Yours,    sincerelv, 

(Signed)     'WIMBORNE." 

Viceregal   Lodge."  8th   May,   191b. 

£!R    JOHN    MAXWELL'S    REVIEW    AT    TRINITY 
COLLEGE. 

Something  like  a  thousand  men  must  have 
been  on  parade  in  the  park  of  Trinity  College 
on  Saturday,  6th  Mav,  when  General  Sir  John 
Maxwell,  K.C.B.,  "  D.S.O.,  inspected  the 
Officers'  Training  Corps  of  Dublin  University 
and  of  the  Royal  College  of  Surgeons,  several 
corps  affiliated  to  the  Irish  Association  of 
Volunteer  Training  Corps,  ana  St.  John  and 
Red  Cross  Ambulance  units. 

Mr.  Asquith  was  among  the  distinguished 
visitors.  Lady  Wimborne,  attended  by  Miss 
Grosvenor,  watched  the  proceedings  with 
keen  interest  from  the  platform,  over  which 
waved  the  LTnion  Jack,  and  the  Provost  of 
trinity  College  (Rev.  Dr.  Mahaffy)  was  in 
the  company.  General  Maxwell  carried  out 
the  inspection,  accompanied  by  Major  G.  A. 
Harris,  Dublin  University  O.T.C.  who  was 
in  command.  Sir  John  said  that  Le  was  glad 
to  have  the  opportunity  of  wianking  tm 
Provost  and  the  officers  and  men  of  the  Uni- 
versity Officers'  Training  Corps  for  all  they 
had  done  during  recent  events.  It  was  thanks 
to  their  prompt  assistance  that  that  part  of 
the  city   was  kept   from    being  ruined. 

A  march  past  concluded  the  proceedings, 
and  Geneva!  Maxwell,  standing  by  the  Union 
Jack,  gracefully  acknowledged  the  salutes  of 
the  officers  of  (he  various  corps,  Only  the 
members  of  the  University  Corps  carried  arms. 
The  officers  on  parade  were: — 

Dublin  University  O.T.C.  and  Royal  College 
of  Surgeons  O.T.C. — Major  Harris,  Major 
Tate,  Captain  Alton,  Lieutenants  Baker, 
Smith,  Mitchell;  Second  Lieutenants  Craw- 
ford, Henry  Baxter,  VVvlie,  Col.  Smith,  and 
Millar. 

Mr.  C.  H.  Dickins-n  was  battalion  com- 
mander of  the  Volunteer  Training  Corps,  and 
Mr.    G.    B.    Butler,   Staff  officer,  attended. 

Rugby  Union  Corps— Company  Commander, 


H.  J.  Miller;  second  in  command,  R.  McC 
Dillon  ;  platoon  commanders,  E.  A.  MacMair, 
W.  G  F.  Allen.  A.  S.  M.  Imrie,  and  J.  W. 
Frith. 

Veterans'  Corps — Lord  Justice  Molony  and 
Mr.  Justice  Barton  (lion,  officers)  ;  company 
commander.  J.  Wilson,  Captain  Knox  Foote ; 
platoon  commanders,  C.  A.  Munro  and' R.  A. 
Anderson;  quartermaster,  C.  H.  Gick. 

Glasnevin  Corps — Company  commander,  E. 
Webb ;  platoon  commanders.  R.  W.  Todd  and 
C.    M.   Harris. 

D.  Company  (G.N.R.,  G.S.  and  W.R., 
North  City,  and  South  CityJ — Company  com- 
mander, J.  Walsh;  olatoon  commanders.  A. 
Agnew,  P.  Wharton,  C.  E.  Riley,  W.  Cun- 
ningham, II.  J.  Matthews.  11.  B.  Turner, 
Captain  Alan  Smythe,  and  D.  Bole  ;  sergeant- 
major,  T.  V.  Shellard ;  quui  term  aster-sex- 
geant,   W.   B.ullick, 

Greystojnes  Corps — Company  commander, 
Captain  A.  W.  Blake  'Indian  Army  Reserve), 
second  in  command,  Lieutenant-Colonel  .).  C. 
Beare;  Sergeant-Major  Scuffle;  Sergeants  Fry 
and  Barry. 

Bray  Corps — Company  commander,  H.  IV! al- 
ley ;  platoon  commander,  R.  D.  Bolton; 
adjutant,   T.  Lang. 

St.  John  Ambulance  and  British  Red  Cross 
V.A.T).'s--Dr.  J.  Lumsden,  vice-chairman  of 
the  Joint  V.A.D.  Committee  for  Ireland;  as- 
sistant director.  Dr.  R.  Peacocke  ;  command- 
ant, O'C.  FitzSimon  ;  district  superintendent, 
W.  G.  Smith  ;  district  officer,  A.  Moore  ;  dis- 
trict surgeon,  Captain  Stevenson  ;  district 
treasurer,  Dr.  Cope  :  corps  superintendent,  J. 
H.  Webb  and  R.  Keating.  The  V.A.D.'s  re- 
presented1 were  : — Four  Courts,  Land  Commis- 
sion, Royal  College  of  Science,  R.I.C,  Rath- 
mines,  City,  of  Dublin,  Howth,  Pe.n'iroi'.e, 
Kingstown,  Carrickmines,  Glenageary,  Dublin 
Building  Trades,  Guinness,  Jacob'?  and 
Powers. 

Indian  students  from  the  King's  Inns,  who 
performed  ambulance  work,  paraded  with  the 
Rathm.'nes  unit. 

THE      BRAVE     CARTERS. 

The  fifteen  carters  of  the  London  and  North- 
VVestern  Railway  Co.,  who  bravely  looked 
after  five  lorry  loads  of  ammunition  and 
horses,  escorted  by  Lancers,  which  were  am- 
bushed by  the  rebels  on  Ormond  quay,  also 
paraded.  The  five  men  who  set  out  with  the 
lorries  were  relieved'  by  another  five  bringing 
provender  for  the  horses,  and  a  second  relief 
of  five  men  did  the  same.  .  All  were  under  fire 
during  the.  three  days,  when  the  lorries  were 
defended  in  Charles  street  by  their  escoit. 
The  men  were: — D.  O'Keefe,  M.  Bvm,  T. 
Taafe,  T.  Noone,  and  C.  Kelly;  W.  Milling, 
M  Foy,  M.  Greene,  R.  McKenna,  and  R. 
Br'een  ;  R.  Lane,  M.  McEvoy.  T.  Painter,  T. 
Kelly,  and  J.   Lacey. 

Mr.  H.  G.  Burgess,  manager  in  Ireland  for 
the  company,  was  presented  to  General  Max- 
well when  lie  inspected  the  carters. 

SIR  JOHN    MAXWELL   INSPECTS   AMBULANCES. 

General  Sir  John  Maxwell  inspected  some 
units  of  the  Irish  Automobile  Club 
Ambulance    Service    at    the    Royal    Barracks, 


101 


Dublin,  on  Saturday,  27th  May.  The  vehicles 
were  those  which  played'  a  useful  part  in 
removing  to  hospital  soldiers  and  citizen3 
wounded  during  the  rebellion,  with  the  Dub- 
lin Corporation  ambulance  and  the  two  motor 
ambulances  of  the  Pembroke  Urban  Council. 
Several  of  the  machines  bore  bullet  marks  on 
their  sides  or  holes  through  their  canopies, 
showing  at  what  risk  the  drivers  and  orderlies 
had  carried  out  the  splendid  work.  Ac- 
companied by  Major-General  Friend,  Mr. 
Edward  White  (Chairman  of  the  Irish 
Automobile  v-lub),  Mr.  W.  Sexton  (Hon. 
Secretary  and  Treasurer),  and  Mr.  H.  S. 
Chaytor  (Secretary),  General  Maxwell  made 
a  leisurely  inspection  of  the  ambulances,  and 
had  a  few  kindlv  words  for  each  of  the 
Olivers  and  orderlies,  making  keen  inquiry 
about  their  experiences  during  Easter  week. 
He  was  particularly  interested  to  meet  Martin 
Redmond,  who  was  wounded  while  driving 
an  ambulance,  which  he  nevertheless  brought 
safely  back.  Redmond'  came  from  hospital 
that  Saturday  to  take  part  in  the  function. 
The  drivers  on  parade  were  : — 

Mr.  S.  T.  Robinson,  Mr.  W.  Peck,  Mr.  W. 
Che  vers  Roche,  Mr.  J.  Gibson,  Mr.  M.  Robin- 
son, Mr.  K.  King,  Mr.  A.  Camp,  J.  McClaren, 
E.  O'Brien,  J.  White,  P.  Boyle,  C.  Cramp- 
ton  Stokes,  M.  Gleeson,  and  N.  McCoy.  Capt. 
J.  J.  Kutson,  Chief  of  the  Pembroke  Brigade, 
brought  his  drivers,  Assistant  M.  Broughton 
and  Firemen  C.  Moynihan,  A.  McManus,  ana' 
James  Gorman  ;  and  from  the  Dublin  Brigade, 
John  O'Connor  (driver),  J.  Williams,  and 
Joseph   Lynch  attended. 

The    orderlies    present    were  : — 

G.  Kiversoh,  W.  J.  Douglas,  L.  Bennett,  A. 
Dowie.  J.  Lee,  I.  Bodkin,  R.  H.  Scott,  James 
Giltrap,  J.  Gahan,  Andrew  Know,  R.  Brown, 
G.  C.  May,  N.  S.  Norway,  W.  Emery,  H.  J. 
Scott. 

Sir  John  Maxwell,  in  a  brief  address,  said 
the  military  in  Dublin  were  deeply  thankful 
for  the  work  done  by  the  ambulances. 

KINGSTOWN     VOLUNTEER    CORPS. 

The  Kingstown  Volunteer  (G.R.)  Corps 
were  paid  a  high  compliment  by  General  Sir 
John  Maxwell,  the  General  Officer  Command- 
ing the  Troops  in  Ireland,  viup,  on  Tuesday, 
9th  May,  accorded  the  Corps  the  official  re- 
cognition of  an  inspection  by  Major-General 
Sandbach,  the  General  Officer  Commanding 
the  Dublin  Area.  The  inspection  took  place 
in  front  of  the  Royal  Marine  Hotel,  where 
the  members  of  the  Kingstown  and  District 
Volunteer  (G.R.)  Corps  paraded  in  the  green, 
along  with  the  local  orps  oi  L'oy  Scout*,  Girl 
Guides,  nurses  of  the  St.  John  Ami  ulance 
Association,  and  a  number  of  special  con- 
ftables.  During  the  previous  fortnight  all 
these  bodies  had  lent  active  assistance  to  the 
military. 

lhe  Kins-town  and  District  Volunteer 
Corps,  which  is  affiliated  to  thi  Irish  Associa- 
tion Volunteer  Training  Corra,  whose  head- 
quarters are  at  Beggar's  Bush  Barracks,  in 
th2  verv  beginning"-*  the  rebellious  oat  break 
in  Dublin  offered  its  services  to  the  military 


authorities.  These  were  accepted,  and  the- 
Volunteers  were  afterwards  the  very  guides 
and  lights  of  the  military  in  what  to  them 
was  a  strange  terrain.  In  the  early  stages 
of  the  insurrection  the  Volunteers  undertook 
the  protection  of  the  local  gaa  works.  Night 
and  day  they  assisted  in  the  work  at  the  town 
barriers,  to  which  they  were  deputed  under 
general  orders.  The  chief  officer,  Mr.  T. 
Morgan  Good,  was  appointed  Town  Com- 
mandant, and  to  him  the  Provost  Marshal  ex- 
pressed his  appreciation  of  the  Corps'  ser- 
vices, and  declared  that  they  had  been  indis- 
pensable. Amongst  the  many  efficient  services 
rendered  by  the  Corps  was  that  of  organising 
a  supply  of  motor  cars,  motor  cycles,  and 
bicycles  for  the  use  of  the  military.  The 
Corps  also  policed  the  Carlisle  Pier  and  the 
railway  stations  with  the  military.  The  Boy 
Scouts  were  most  useful,  acting  as  messengers 
and  assisting  at  the  Soldiers'  Buffet,  while  the 
Girl  Guides  afforded  a  great  deal  of  very  ac- 
ceptable service  in  a  variety  of  offices.  Espe- 
cially helpful  were  they  in  the  Provost 
Marshal's  and  the  Town  Commandant's  offices. 
They  assisted  in  the  heavy  work  of  the  issuing 
of  permits.  Miss  Nancy  Gosling  gave  her 
services  voluntarily  as  typist  to  the  A. P.M., 
and'  Miss  Baird  and  Miss  Lucy  Gosling  acted 
in  the   same  office   as  telephone   clerks. 

THE    PARADE. 

The  Volunteers  paraded  in  front  of  the 
Marine  Hotel  to  the  number  of  75,  including 
all  ranks,  and  were  under  the  command  of 
their  officers — Mr.  T.  Morgan  Good,  Town 
Commandant;  Mr.  S.  A.  Quan  Smith,  Mr. 
R.  Norman  Potterton,  Mr.  E.  F.  Scanlan, 
and  Dr.  Matthew  Good.  Fifty  of  the  Volun- 
teers wore  uniform,  and  about  24  or  26, 
with  some  special  constables,  were  in  mufti. 
There  were  some  40  Boy  Scouts  on  the 
ground,  under  the  command  of  Mr.  S.  A. 
Quan  Smith,  senior  Vice-Piesident  for  the 
county,  and  Mr.  Evelyn  Wilkinson,  Acting 
Scoutmaster.  Sixteen  Girl  Guides,  in  their 
neat  navy  blue  uniform,  also  under  the  com- 
mand of  Mr.  Quan  Smith,  were  present,  and 
three  nurses,  representing  the  St.  John 
Ambulance  Association  —  viz.,  Mrs.  Robinson- 
Lady  Corps  Superintendent,  Co.  Dublin;  Mrs. 
Middleton  Curtis,  Lady  Corps  '.treasurer. 
City  of  Dublin  ;  and  Miss  Mowbrav,  Lady 
Divisional  Superintendent.  About  250  men, 
new  drafts  for  the  North  Midland  Divisional 
Artille.y,   were  also  paraded. 

Major-Genera]  Sandbach  made  a  c'.ose  and 
interested  inspection  of  the  Volunteers,  who 
were  drawn  up  in  two  lines.  He  que  tinned 
many,  and  spoke  in  Hattering  terms  of  the 
parade  to  Mr.  Good'.  He  in«peeted  tie  rnya 
and  uiils  very  carefully,  and  especially  noted 
those  wearing  war  service  badges,  '.muted 
for  aid  to  the  military  since  the  war  te^an 
in  mi. 

Having  inspected  t'.ie  Girl  Guides  and 
nurses,  Major-General  Sa'  dbarh  saH  Mr  Joriri 
Maxwell  had  asked  h.-i  to  convey  h;s  thinks 
l-a  the  woik  they  had  done  during  l~e  cruu. 


102 


COURTS-MARTIAL  AT  RICHMOND 
BARRACKS. 


THE    SHOOTING    OF    FRANCIS    SHEEHY 
SKEFFINGTON. 

The  court-martial  on  Captain  J.  C.  Bowen- 
Colthurst,  Royal  Irish  kmes,  in  connection 
with  the  shooting  of  three  men  named  F. 
Slieehy  Skeffmgton,  Thomas  Dickson,,  and 
Patrick  Maclntyre  at  Portobello  Barracks,  Dub- 
lin,  0.1  the  26th  April  last,  opened  at  the 
Richmond  Barracks,  Dublin,  at  10  o'clock 
on  Tuesday,  6th  June. 

Admission  to  the  court  was  by  ticket,  and 
at  the  opening  of  the  proceedings  there  were 
about  100  civilians  present,  including  -  number 
of  ladies.  Dr.  Skeffmgton,  M.A.,  L.L.D., 
J. P.,  lather  of  Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffmgton,  and 
Mrs.  Sheehy  Skeffmgton  (widow)  were  pre- 
sent during*  the  proceedings.  The  Court 
was  constituted  as  follows  :— Major-General 
Lord  Cheylesmore  (presiding),  Colonel  H.  M. 
Thoyts,  Lieutenant-Colonel  Murray,  temporary 
Lieutenant-Colonel  H.  Taylor,  Temporary 
Lieutenant-Colonel  L.  G.  Redding,  Temporary 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Simmons,  Temporary  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel W.  J.  Kent,  Major  W.  E.  R. 
Colhs,  Major  D.  S.  Matthews,  Temporary 
Major  E.  C.  Hamilton,  Temporary  Major  H. 
Montgomery,  Temporary  Major  M.  A.  Tighe, 
and  Temporary  Major  H.  Johnson. 

Waiting  Members — Major  A.  B.  L.  Wood, 
D.S.O.  ;  Temporary  Major  Davenport,  Tem- 
porary Major  Hon!  J.   P..    N.   Ridley. 

Prosecutor — Major  Kimber.  Judge  Advocate 
—Mr.  Marshall. 

Mr.  James  Chambers,  K.C..  M.P..  and  Mr. 
Andrews  (instructed  by  Mr.  C.  H.  Denroche), 
appeared  for  the  prisoner.  Mr.  T.  M.  Heaiy. 
K.C.,  M.I'.,  and  Mr.  P.  O'C.  White  (instructed 
by  Mr.  Lemass).  appeared  on  behalf  of  Mrs. 
Sheehy  Skeffmgton.  but  they  did  not  intervene 
in  the  proceedings. 

THE     INDICTMENT. 

The  Judge  Advocate  read  the  charges 
against  Captain  Bowen  Colthurst,  which  were: 

(1)  That  on  the  26th  April,  1916,  at  Porto- 
bello Barracks,  he  murdered  Francis  Sheehy- 
Skeffington. 

(2)  That  he  was  guilty  of  the  manslaughter 
of    Francis   Sheehv-Skcffingtnn. 

(3)  'J  hat  on  the  26th  April,  at  Poitobello 
Barracks,   lie  murdered  Thomas   Dickson. 

(4)  That  he  was  guilty  of  the  manslaughter 
of  Lickson. 

(5)  That  on  the  25th  April,  at  Portobello 
Barracks,  lie  murdered  Patrick  Maclntyre. 

(fc)  '1  hat  he  was  guilty  of  the  manslaughter 
of  Maclntyre. 

The  prisoner,  in  a  loud  clear  voice,  pleaded 
'■'  / 1 * ■  t  guilty  "  to  t lie  several  charges. 

THE  STORY   OF  THE  TRAGEDY. 

Major    Kimber,   the   prosecutor,   stating  the 

-aid   the  accused    was  charged   with   the 

murder    of    three     |:i*ms — Mr.     T.     tSheehy 

feUt  llingf.Mii,    Mr.    TJios.   Dickson,  and   Mr.   P. 


Maclntyre — and  in  the  alternative  he  was 
charged  with  the  manslaughter  of  these  men. 
About  six  o'clock  on  the  evening  of  Tuesday, 
April  25,  the  accused  was  with  part  of  his 
regiment  (the  Royal  Irish  Rifles)  at  Porto- 
bello Barracks,  Dublin.  At  Portobello  Bridge 
there  was  stationed  a  picket  of  about  thirty 
men  under  command  of  Lieutenant  Morris, 
guarding  the  bridge.  IN  ear  the  bridge  was  a 
publichouse  called  Davy's,  and  a  short  dis- 
tance from  the  publichouse  was  Jacob's  fac- 
tory, which  was  held  by  the  rebels.  Firing 
was  going  on  from  the  factory  towards  Porto- 
bello Bridge,  and  information  had  reached 
Lieutenant  Morris  that  there  was  a  possibility 
• — nay,  more — that  there  were  thoughts  of  an 
attack  on  Portobello  Barracks.  There  were 
about  300  men  stationed  in  the  barracks,  but, 
of  course,  a  considerable  part  of  that  number 
was  on  duty  in  the  streets  about  that  time. 
In  the  other  direction  from  the  budge  lay 
Portobello  Barracks — the  opposite  side  from 
Jacob's.  The  rebels  were  advancing  from 
that  direction.  Between  6  and  7  o'clock  on 
Tuesday  night  firing  was  going  on  from 
Jacob's  direction,  and  also  from  the  rebels 
who  were  coming  up  in  the  direction  of  Porto- 
bello Barracks.  One  of  the  deceased  men — 
Mr.  Sheehy  Skeflington — advanced,  followed 
by  a  crowd,  from  the  direction  of  the  factory 
towards  the  Portobello  Barracks.  It  was  only 
fair  to  say  that  he  was  going  in  t«e  direction 
of  his  home.  Lieutenant  Morris  allowed  him 
to  nass,  but  two  soldiers  followed  him  and 
took  him  to  the  guardroom. 

MR.  SKEFFINGTON    BEFORE  THE    ADJUTANT. 

About  half-past  8  o'clock  that  evening  Mr. 
Skeffmgton  was  brought  before  the  Adjutant. 
The  Adjutant  asked  him  if  he  was  a  *  Sin* 
Feiner,"  and  lie  replied  that  he  Was  in  sym, 
pathy  with  the  movement,  but  not  in  favour 
of  militarism.  He  was  taken  back  to  the 
guardroom.  Meanwhile  two  other  men.  Dick- 
son and  Maclntyre,  were  brought  in,  and 
they  were,  with  six  or  eight  others,  placed 
in  the  guardroom.  Dickson  was  the  editor 
of  a  paper  called  The  Eye-Opener.  Mac- 
lntyre was  the  editor  (if  a  paper  called  the 
Searchlight,  and  Sksffington  was  a  well- 
known  journalist  in  Dublin.  The  men  were 
left  in  the  guardroom  during  the  night.  The 
rebellion  continued,  and  firing  went  on 
throughout  the  night  around  the  barracks, 
and  the  rebels  were  in  possession  of  the 
points  he  had  mentioned.  The  accused  officer 
went  to  the  guardroom  about  10.20  on  vVed- 
nesday  morning.  There  were  other  officers  there 
and  the  sergeant  of  the  guard.  He  said  to 
one  of  the  officers — "  I  am  taking  these  pri- 
soners out  of  the  guardroom,  and  I  am  going 
to  shoot  them,  as  1  think  it  is  the  ri"l  \  thing 
to  do  "  One  of  the  officers  proceeded  to  the 
orderly  room,  and  reported  to  the  Adjutant 
what  he  had  beard,  and  the  Adjutant  sent 
a  message  to  the  accused.  He  (prosecutor) 
did  nnt  know  if  that  message  reached  the 
accused.  He  rather  I  lought  it  did  not;  but 
the  fact  was  that  the  accused  returned  to  the 
guardroom  and  ordered  the  three  men  out 
into  the  yard,  lie  took  seven  men,  armed 
with   rifles  and  ammunition,    with   him.     The 


103 


yard  at  the  back  of  the  guardroom  was  en- 
closed by  a  wall  twelve  feet  high.  The  ac- 
cused had  the  men  placed  against  the  wall, 
and  he  ordered  the  soldiers  to  load  and  fire. 
The  three  men  were  shot  by  his  orders.  Hav- 
ing done  that,  he  went  to  the  orderly  room 
and  reported  that  he  had  ordered  the  three 
men  to  be  shot,  giving  as  his  reasons,  first, 
to  prevent  any  possibility  of  escape;  second, 
to  prevent  their  being  rescued  by  armed 
force.  Apparently  he  then  began  to  think 
that  he  had  probablv  done  what  he  oucht 
not  to  have  done,  and  he  went  in  search  of 
the  commanding  officer  of  the  battalion  (Major 
Roxburgh),  who  was  at  the  time  in  barracks, 
and  who  instructed  him  to  make  a  report  of 
the  matter.  This  the  accused  did,  and  the 
whole  affair  was  submitted'  to  the  Com- 
mander-in-Chief. 

LIEUTENANT  MORRIS. 
Lieut.  M.  C.  Morris,  11th  East  Surrey  Regi- 
ment, gave  evidence  that  he  was  attached  to 
the  3rd  Royal  Irish  Rifles  at  Portobello  Bar- 
racks, and  was  in  command  of  a  picket  of  30 
men  of  that  regiment  on  Tuesday,  25th  April. 
He  bore  out  the  prosecutor's  statement  of  the 
approach  and  arrest  of  Mr.Sheehy-Skeffington, 
who  was  not  armed.  In  reply  to  questions  by 
Mr.  Chambers,  witness  said  his  men  reported 
that  a  machine  gun  was  seen  on  the  top  of  a 
house  near  Jacob's  factory,  and  he  saw  men  in 
civilian  clothes  moving  something  across  a 
roof  in  the  direction  where  the  firing  was 
going  on.  A  machine  gun  was  fired  in  that 
direction. 

SERGEANT  MAXWELL. 
Sergeant  John  Arthur  Maxwell,  7149  3rd 
Royal  Irish  Rifles,  stated  he  was  at  Porto- 
bello .  Barracks  on  the  25th  April  last,  and 
acting  on  instructions  he  took  Mr.  Sheeny 
Skeffington  to  tne  orderly  room  to 
be  examined  by  the  Adjutant.  He 
heard  Mr.  Morgan  ask  Mr.  Sheehv  Skefllngton 
was  he  in  sympathy  with  the  Sinn  Fciners, 
and  he  made  answer  to  the  effect  that  he  was, 
but  that  he  did  not  believe  in  passive  resist- 
ance. He  said  something  about  militarism, 
which  witness  could  not  understand. 
LIEUTENANT  MORGAN. 
Lieut.  Samuel  Valentine  Morgan,  adjutant, 
3rd  Royal  Irish  Rifles,  said  at  about  8.15 
o'clock  that  evening  he  asked'  Mr.  Sheehy 
Skeffington  if  he  was  a  Sinn  Feincr.  He  said 
he  was  not.  Witness  also  asked  him  was  he  in 
favour  of  the  Sinn  Fein  movement.  He  said 
he  was  in  sympathy  with  the  Sinn  Feiners, 
but  he  was  not  in  favour  of  militarism. 

Next  morning  the  accused  came  to  the 
orderly  room  about  10.20  o'clock,  and  re- 
ported that  be  had  shot  three  prisoners — 
—Sheehy  Skefrington,  and  the  editors  of  the 
Spark  'and  the  Eye-OjH'ner.  He  said  he 
feared  they  might  be  rescued  by  armed  force. 
He  also  said  that  he  had  lost  a  brother 
in  this  war,  and  that  he  was  as  good  an  Irish- 
man as  the  men  he  had  shot.  Witness  re- 
ported to  Major  Smith  of  the  Headquarters 
of  the  Irish  Command,  and  to  Major  Ros- 
borough,  who  was  in  command  of  the  bat- 
talion. 


Cross-examined  by  Mr.  Andrews,  witness 
said  that  snio^g  went  on  vn  the  immediate 
vicinity  of  the  barracks,  and  actually  at  the 
barracks.  Among  the  casualties  sustained  by 
those  stationed  at  the  barracks  were  a  second 
lieutenant  killed,  four  officers  wounded,  while 
there  were  sixteen  casualties  in  the  rank 
and  file.  They  all  belonged  to  the  same 
battalion  as  the  prisoner. 

Second  Lieutenant  Wm.  Price  Dobbin,  of 
the  3rd  Royal  Irish  Fusiliers,  stated  that 
he  was  at  Portobello  Barracks  on  the  26th 
April,  in  command  of  the  main  guard.  There 
were,  he  thought,  eight  civilian  prisoners  in 
the  guardroom.  He  did  not  know  either 
Skeffington,  Dickson,  or  Maclntyre.  He  saw 
the   accused    going    into    the    guardroom    thai 


Photo    &?/]  [Elliot!   and   Fry. 

MAJOR  GENERAL   H.   F.  LORD  CHEYLESMORB, 

who    presided   over    the    Courts-martial   at 
Richmond    Barracks. 
/ 

morning.  He  came  out  again,  and  then  said 
to  w.tness,  to  the  best  of  his  belief,  "  I  am 
taking  these  men  out  of  the  guardroom,  and  I 
am  going  to  shoot  them,  as  I  think  it  is 
the  right  thing  to  do,"  or  words  to  that 
effect."  Witness,  continuing,  said  that  at 
the  back  of  the  guardroom  was  a  yard 
enclosed  by  a  wall  ten  or  twelve  feet  high. 
The.  three  men  were  taken  out  into  the  yard, 
and  he  heard  shots  fired  as  from  the  yard. 
Re  went  into  the  yard  and  saw  three  men 
lying  dead  there.  He  knew  Sheehy-Skeffmg- 
ton  from  his  appearance  the  night  before, 
wf)en  he  heard  his  name  mentioned.  Witness 
knew  the  body.  He,  did  not  examine  the 
bodies  that  he  saw  on  the  ground,  but  he  saw 


104 


Mood  on  the  ground.  He  did  not  examine 
Sheehy  Skeffington's  body  to  see  whether  he 
■was  dead  or  alive.  He  was  some  distance 
from  the  bodies. 

Cross-examined  by  Mr.  Chambers,  tho 
witness  said  he  and  other  men  were  con- 
stantly on  duty  for  three  days.  There  was 
shooting  going  on  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
the  barracks.  Some  of  his  men  were  wounded 
on  Portobello  Bridge.  He  had  heard  that  a 
machine  gun  had  been  trained  on  the  roof  of 
some  house  by  the  rebels,  but  he  did  not 
eee  it. 

Replying  to  questions  put  by  the  President 
witness  said  that  when  Capt.  Colthurst  came 
out  of  the  guardroom  he  appeared  in  an 
excited  state,  which  was  not  his  usual  man- 
ner. 

"TO    SHOOT     AGAIN." 

In  your  previous  evidence  you  made  a  state- 
ment which  you  have-  not  corroborated 
to-day.  You  were  asked  by  the  prosecutor  if 
you  noticed  anything  regarding  one  of  the 
bodies,  and  A'ou  said  "Nothing  in  par- 
ticular." That  is  your  answer  to  the  pro- 
secutor to-day.  Did  you  notice  anything  par- 
ticular about  one  of  these  bodies?     I  did. 

What  wTas  it?  I  noticed  a  movement  of  one 
of   the    legs   of    Slieehy    Skeftington. 

What  did  you  do  then?  I  sent  an  officer 
to  the  orderly  room.  That  officer  was  Lieut. 
Tooley.  and  what  I  wanted  to  know  was  what 
steps  I  was  to  take. 

Did  you  send  the  officer  specially  to.  the 
accused?     No,   but   simply  to   the   Orderly. 

What  was  the  answer  received  by  you? 
The  order  was  that  I  was  to  shoot  again. 

Who    sent    that    order?     Capt.    Colthurst. 

How  do  vou  know  it  was  he?  Lieutenant 
Tooley   told   me. 

What  did  vou  do  then?  I  stood  by  four  men 
of  my  guard,  and  I  complied  with  the  order. 

The  President— Perhaps  after  this  evidence 
counsel  for  the  defence  would  like  to  cross- 
ex.anfin's   the   witness. 

Mr.  Chambers  (to  witness)-- -What  sort  of 
a  movement  was  it  that  ypu  s:-iw — was  it  a 
twij|^4'|rff    a    hi  's.'h  ':      1    ihni't  .know. 

l;.iri;yi;ti  believe  Skeffiigton  to  -he  then 
(had.   nr  that   he   v.-s  living'.'      I   W  keve   he  was 

Th.it   lie  was  dead;     I  cannot  say.     In  mj 

opinion   he   was-   done  for, 

'  The  I'r.rsldcnt—  L'y  "done  fur  "  you  mean 
dead?  :  ^es. 

SEBCEANT    ALDRIDGE,   iCth   R.D.F. 

Sergeant  '  John  *  William  Aldririge,  10th 
Ball.  Royal  Dublin  Fusiliers,  said  he  was  at 
Portobello  Barracks  on  the  26th  April  last 
attached  tb't'he  Royal  Irish' Rifles.'  At  about 
9  a.m.  on  that  date  le  relieved  a  sergeant  of 
the  Royal  Irish  Rifles,  who  is  now  at  the 
front.!  At  about  10.20  Capt.  Bowen  CoHhurst 
him.  he  wanted  men  named  Maelntyre, 
oiij  and  Sheehy  Skefijnfiton  in  the  yard — 
that;  ,hf:,  ward.'  d  .to      shoot    them.  Witness 

identrifiedpriso.ner  as  the  officer  who  marie  that 

statement.        J  he    accused    Oidered     portion     of 

the  guard  to  go  out  with  him.       Tdaere  were 
■even  of  them,  and  they  were  ail  armed.  Each 


magazine    of   each   man's    rifle    was   charged. 
Witness  followed  them  into  the  yard. 

THE    SHOOTING. 

The  Prosecutor — When  you  got  to  the  yard 
what  happened?  Capt.  Bowen-Colthurst  told 
the  three  prisoners  to  go  to  the  farther  end  of 
the  yard,  which  they  did.  He  then  told  all 
the  men  to  load — to  pull  off  the  catch  and 
pull  out  the  bolt  of  their  rifles.  Then  he  told 
them  to  "present"  and  to  "fire."  The  three 
prisoners,  to  my  belief,  were  shot  dead,  sir. 

One   volley?     One   volley,   sir- 

Did  you  examine  the  three  bodies?  I  went 
up  to  them,  and  so  far  as  I  could  see,  and  so 
far  as  my  judgment  went,  1  took  them  all 
three    to    be  dead. 

Did  you  see  wounds  on  them?  No,  sir,  but 
I  saw  at  the  back  of  tho  coat  where  the 
bullets   penetrated  through. 

Now  what  did  Mr.  Dobbin  do?  He  stood 
in  the  yard,  and'  at  the  time  he  thought  there 
was  a  movement  in  Sheehy  Skeffington.  He 
went  away  and  came  back  in  about  two 
minutes,  and  another  volley  was  fired  by  four 
men  at  that  one  particular  man. 

What  was  you  own  impression?  My  own 
impression  was  that  the  man  was  dead  before 
that  volley  was  fired. 

Cross-examined  by  Mr.  Andrews — Witness 
said  his  impression  was  that  the  three  men 
were  killed  the  first  time.  It  was  the  general 
belief  that  there  were  not  sufficient  forces  to 
protect  the  barracks  if  an  attack  was  made  on 
it. 

By  the  President — No  special  orders  were 
given  with  regard  to  Mr.  Sheehy-Skeffington 
or  anv  of  the  prisoners.  Mr.  Skeffington  was 
kept  in  the  guardroom,  and  Messrs.  Dickson 
and  Maclntyre  in  the  detention  room.  Wit- 
ness was  present  when  the  accused  gave  the 
order  to  the  seven  men  to  load  and  shoot  the 
three  prisoners. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANT  WILSON. 

Second  Lieut.  L,  Wilson.  5th  R.I.F.,  attached 
R.I.R.,  said  that  on  the  Tuesday  night  he  was 
with  a  parly  of  men,  about  forty,  under  Capt. 
Bowen  Colthurst.  They  had  charge  of  Mr. 
Sheehy  Skeffington.  who  was  taken  as  a 
hostage,  and  went  to  "  Kelly's  Corner."  Cant. 
Colthurst  left  witness,  twenty  men,  and  Mr. 
Skeffington  on   Portobello   Bridge. 

The  Prosecutor — What  orders  did  he  give 
you  before  he  went?  He  said  that  if  any  of 
his  men  were  fired  upon  I  was  to  shoot 
Skeffington  immediately,  and  if  he  (accused), 
wore  knocked  out  of  action  witness  was  to 
take  command.  Witness  understood  the  ac- 
cused was  going  to  raid  Kelly's  shop.  Captain 
Colthurst,  came  back  with  five  prisoners,  in- 
cluding Messrs.  Dickson  and  Maclntyre.  Two' 
prisoners  were  allowed  to  go  away,  and  two 
were  taken  into  the  guardroom. 

MAJOR     ROSBOROUGH. 

Major..  James  Rosborough,  3rd  R.I.R., 
stated  that  he  was  temporarily  in  command  at 
Portobello  Barracks  during  the  rebellion., 
About  three,  hundred  men  were  in  barracks. 
Witness   saw   the  accused  on   the   Wednesday 


105 


morning.  Captain  Colthurst  came  to  witness 
as  he  was  crossing  the  barrack  square,  and 
said  that  he  had  just  shot  three  prisoners,  and 
that  he  expected  he  would  get  into  trouble 
Accused  did  not  say  whether  the  prisoners 
were  military  or  civilian  prisoners,  but  witness 
presumed  that  they  were  civilians. 

Cross-examined  by  Mr.  Andrews,  witness 
said  that  they  received  a  telephone  communi- 
cation from  the  garrison  adjutant  that  an  at- 
tack might  be  made  on  the  barracks.  He  con- 
sidered that  they  should  be  prepared  for  an. 
attack. 

Were  you  aware  that  Skeffington  had  been 
taken  out  by  Capt.  Colthurst?    I  did  not  know. 

May  I  take  it  that  to  the  best  of  your  know- 
ledge the  taking  of  hostages  in  warfare  or 
rebellion  is  quite  an  obsolete  practiced  I 
certainly  would   not  do  it. 

The  President — No  reports  were  made  to 
you,  as  commanding  officer,  that  there  were 
prisoners  in  the  guardroom?  No  reports  were 
made  to  me. 

You  understand,  I  presume,  that  as  com- 
manding officer  you  are  responsible  for  those 
prisoners?    Yes. 

When  did  it  come  to  your  knowledge  that 
the  accused  took  one  of  the  prisoners  out  of 
the  guardroom?     I  heard  that  next  day. 

Did  you  take  any  action  on  that?  I  took 
no  particular  action. 

You,  as  commanding  officer,  being  respon- 
sible for  the  safe  custody  of  prisoners,  took 
no  notice  whatever  on  hearing  that  one  of 
your  prisoners  had  been  removed  without  your 
authority  from  the  guardroom?  What  I 
understand  was  that  he  was  taken  as  a  guide. 

Witness  said  that  the  accused  met  him  on 
the  barrack  square  at  about  11  a.m.  on  April 
26th. 

Was  the  accused  in  an  excited  state  at  the 
time?  He  was  not  in  an  abnormally  excited 
state. 

Lieutenant  Morgan,  re-called,  was  asked  by 
the  President — Did  it  come  to  your  know- 
ledge that  the  accused  had  taken  out  Skeffing- 
ton with  a  body  of  men  to  the  bridge?     Yes. 

When  did  you  come  to  know  that?  That 
night,  about  10.40. 

Did  you  make  any  report  of  that  to  your 
commanding   officer?     Yes. 

When?  I  reported  it  immediately  when  I 
heard  of  it. 

Can  you  tell  us  when  Skeffington  was 
brought  back  to  the  guardroom  that  night? 
I  should  say  about  20  minutes  past  11  o'clock. 

Was  any  other  prisoner  taken  out,  to  your 
knowledge?     No. 

CHAPLAIN'S    EVIDENCE. 

Rev.  F.  E.  O'Loughlin,  R.C.  Chaplain  to 
the  military  at  Portobello  Barracks,  was  the 
next  witness.  He  said  he  was  at  the  barracks 
on  the  25th  and  26th  April.  He  knew 
Skeffington,    Dickson,   and  Maclntyre   by   ap- 

Eearance.  In  consequence  of  a  report  which 
e  had  received  from  the  adjutant  he  went  to 
the  mortuary,  and  there  he  saw  the  dead 
bodies  of  the  three  men  named.  They  were 
buried  at  11.15  on  Wednesday  night,  and  he 


was    present    at    their    interment    and    subse- 
quent exhumation. 

PECULIAR     INCIDENT. 

Lieutenant  Wilson  was  le-called  for  cross>- 
examinatiori   by    Mr.   Chambers. 

You  spoke  of  the  night  when  Mr.  Sheeny* 
Skeffington  was  taken  out  as  a  hostage?  Yea, 


THE    LATE    MR.    FRANCIS   SHEEHY- 

SKEFFINGTON    was    a  well-known    figure    i«l 

Dublin. 

What  was  the  condition  of  the  accused  on 
that  occasion?  I  considered  that  he  wa3  in  a 
highly    excited    condition. 

Do  you  remember  any  incident  of  a  peculiar 
nature  occurring?  Well,  he  ordered  Mr. 
Skeffington  to  say  his  prayers,  and  he  mada 
the  men   take  off   their  hats. 


1C6 


Did  he  say  any  prayer  himself?     He  did. 

What  was  it?  As  far  as  I  can  remember 
it  was  as  follows — "0  Lorn  God,  if  it  should 
please  Thee  to  take  away  the  life  of  this  man, 
forgive  him  for  Our  Lord  Jesus  Christ's  sake." 

The  President — When  was  it  that  he 
ordered  him  to  say  his  prayers?  Just  outside 
the  guardroom,  previous  to  his  being  taken 
out  as  a  hostage. 

Sergeant  James  Geoghegan,  R.A.M.C..  said 
he  went  from  the  guardroom  into  the  yard  at 
back,  and  found  there  three  dead  bodies  which 
he  did  not  identify  because  he  had  not  seen 
them  before.  'I  he  medical  officer  was  not 
called.  He  took  the  three  bodies  on  a 
stretcher  and  had  them  conveyed  to  the  mor- 
tuary. 

Was  there  any  blood  there?  Yes,  there  was 
blood  on   their  clothes. 

Can  you  say  from  what  you  saw  if  the  men 
had   been   hit  at  all?     Yes. 

How?     With  bullets. 

Whereabouts?  In  the  body.  1  did  not  see 
whether  or  not  the  bullets  passed  through  the 
bodies. 

Did  you  form  any  opinion  of  how  they  died? 
They  died  from  the  effects  of  bullet  wounds. 

Lieutenant  Wilson  was  recalled. 

Mr.  Chambers — I  forgot  to  ask  yon  whether 
on  the  way  down  from  Portobello  Barracks  to 
Kelly's  tobacco  shop  Capt.  Colthurst  did 
anything  with  his  rifle?  Yes,  he  was  firing 
it  "off. 

In   the   air?     Yes. 

How  often  did  he  fire  it  off  between  the 
barracks  and   Kelly's?     Several  times,   sir. 

The  President — You  mean  that  he  was  firing 
indiscriminately,  without  taking  aim?  In  the 
air,   sir. 

LSEUTENANT    MORRIS    RECALLED. 

Lieut.  Monis  was  then  recalled  and  ex- 
amined by  Mr.  Andrews. — Do  you  lemember 
on  the  Tuesday  evening  when*  y  a.  were  nro- 
cted'ng  wi'h  the  prison  ei^Skeffington  and 
Capt.  Colthurst  in  the  direction  of  r^vtobello 
Bridge?  I  had  nothing  to  do  with  Capt. 
Colthurst  that  evening  in  connection  wit!;  t!ie 
prisoner.  1  saw  Carit.  Colthurst  about  mid- 
night, when  lie  whs  going  from  the  barracks 
with  Mr.  SkeffinKton.  and  lie  was  then  pro- 
ceeding to  raid  Kelly's  tobacco  si  op.  lie  had 
Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffington  with  him,  and  was  in 
a  very  excited  condition  indeed,  and  it  : truck 
me  as  very  stupid  of  him  to  warn  Sheehy 
Skeffington  that  if  he  was  fired  on  Sheehy 
Skeffington  would  be  shot  at  once.  I  did  not 
see  how  Sheehy  Skeffington  could,  or  anyone 
conld,  stop  anyone  from  firing  on   the  troops. 

Did  you  consider  Captain  Colthurst  to  be 
in  an  abnormal  condition  at  the  time?  He 
did  not  seem  quite  right  in  his  he:.d  at  the 
moment — he  seemed  to  be  labouring  under 
tremendous   excitement. 

When  did  you  see  him  the  nearest  time 
after  the  shooting  took  place?  I  saw  him 
when  he  announced  t<>  the  Adjutant  that  he 
had  shot  the  prisoners.  I  was  there  when 
he  made  the  announcement.  He  seemed  then 
rather  worse  than  the  night  before— he  was 
perfectly  stupid. 


Perfectly  stupid?  He  was  extremely 
agitated  and  excited.  I  do  not  know  Captain 
Colthurst  very  well — indeed  he  did  not  strike 
me  at  the  time  as  a  man  who  should  be  at 
any  time  in  command   of  troops. 

Did  he  appear  to  you  on  these  two 
occasions  to  be  in  an  entirely  different  frame 
of  mind  from  previous  occasions?  I  had  not 
seen  him  previously,  but  T  have  seen  him 
since,  and  he  was  then  totally  different.  Then 
there  was  a  third  occasion  when  I  saw  him — 
that  was  in  the  officers'  mess  at  tea  time  on 
the  same  day — the  Wednesday  about  4.30  or 
5  o'clock — 1  am  not  quite  certain.  There 
were  several  junior  officers  present.  Most  of 
us  were  strangers  to  the  barracks,  and  Cap- 
tain Colthurst  made  a  very  ridiculous  se1, 
speech,  indeed,  as  to  Sir  Francis  Vane  doing 
all  sorts  of  wicked  things  and  being  a  Sinn 
Feiner  and  a  pro-Boer.  On  that  occasion  he 
did    not   seem    to    be  right   in   his   head'. 

Did  he  say  anything  else  about  Sir  Francis 
Vane?  He  said  he  should  not  be  allowed  in 
the  barracks,  and  that  he  should  be  shot. 
I  took  it  upon  myself  to  tell  the  other  officers 
not  to  pay  any  attention  to  what  Captain 
Colthurst  had  said,  and  that  I  thought  ha 
was  not  quite  himself  at  the  time. 

Did  you  consider  he  was  in  any  way  cap- 
able of  discriminating  between  legal  right 
and  legal   wrong?     No,   sir,   I   do   not. 

THE    DEFENCE. 

Mr.  Chambers  proceeded-  to  call  his  w'*l- 
nesses.  In  reply  to  the  President,  he  sa»J 
that  he  would  not  call  the  accused,  nor  had 
the  accused  any  written  statement  to  hand 
in. 

MAJOR-GENERAL    BIRO. 

Major-General  Bird  was  questioned  as  to 
the  general  character  of  the  accused,  and  his 
demeanour  in  1914.  Witness  said  that  he 
found  him  eccentric.  Accused  seemed  to  be 
unable  to  concentrate  his  mind  on  a  subject, 
and  was  certainly  at  times  eccentric.  Apart  from 
that,  he  was  a  man  of  high  character,  and  set 
a  very  good  example  to  everybody.  The 
accused  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Mons,  and 
tiie  morning  alter  the  battle  he  was  in  charge 
of  the  leading  company  of  a  battalion.  Wit- 
ness found  that  whenever  he  rode  away  from 
the  bead  of  the  battalion  it  moved  off.  When 
witness  went  back  and  asked  why  that 
occurred  nobody  could  tell  him,  but  when  he 
turned  his  back  he  heard  Captain  Colthurst 
giving  an  order  in  rather  a  weak  voice  for 
the  company  to  advance.  Captain  Colthurst's 
reply  and  his  demeanour  convinced  witness 
that  he  was  quite  incapable  of  leading  men, 
and  witness  suspended  him  from  duty  for  a 
time.  Accused  was  quite  broken  down,  and 
was  not  fit  to  exercise  judgment.  He  was 
wounded  about  a  fortnight  later  at  the  Aisne. 
Witness's  opinion  was  that  when  unusually 
fatigued  and  in  a  state  of  excitement  Cap- 
tain Colthurst  was  not  quite  responsible  for 
Ins    actions. 

Cross  examined,  witness  said  that  in  .April, 
1914,  he  made  a  report  about  Captain 
Colthurst.  The  report  was  over-ruled,  and 
witness  had  to  tell  him  on  one  cccaaiea  th<«^ 


107 


he  ■would  have  to  report  unfavourably  upon 
him.  On  another  occasion  the  accused  bel- 
lowed at  him  :  "  Do  you  mean  to  say  anything 
against  my  company?"  That  was  extraordi- 
nary, and  witness  reprimanded  him  there  and 
then. 

To  the  President — Witness  reinstated  Cap- 
tain Colthurst  in  his  old  position  of  company 
commander  three  or  four  days  after  he  had 
been  removed  from  it.  He  attributed  the 
movement  of  the  battalion  after  Mons  to  the 
orders  of  Captain  Colthurst. 

MAJOR    GOODMAN. 

Major  Goodman,  stationed  at  the  Curragh 
Camp,  examined  by  Mr.  Andrews,  said  he  had 
known  Captain  Colthurst  since  November, 
1904.  Taking  him  generally,  he  was  a  kindly 
and  considerate  man  towards  his  fellow-officers 
and  the  men  under  him.  He  had  known  him 
occasionally  to  have  done  acts  of  an  eccentric 
character. 

The  President — Can  you  give  us  one  in- 
stance of  the  eccentric  acts  he  did?     Yes. 

What  is  it?  I  had  been  on  a  shooting  ex- 
pedition with  him  in  India,  and  we  put  up 
for  a  night  at  a  bungalow.  There  were  dogs 
barking  all  night,  and  we  did  not  sleep.  At 
breakfast  next  morning  I  said  I  wished  that 
dog  was  shot  that  kept  us  awake.  He  got 
up  from  the  breakfast  table  without  saying  a 
word  to  anyone,  and  went  out.  I  heard  a 
rifle  shot  fired,  and  it  was  followed  by  the 
piteous  howling  of  a  dog.  Captain  Colthurst 
came  back  and  said  he  had  shot  the  dog.  I 
asked  if  he  had  killed  the  dog,  and  he  said 
"  No  "'  ;  and  he  added  that  the  dog  was 
sufficiently  wounded  to  die.  I  mention  that 
as  an  eccentric  act,  because  it  was  entirely 
against  the  nature  of  Captain  Colthurst  to 
do  that. 

CAPTAIN   E.  P.    KELLY. 

Captain  Edward  Phillip  Kelly,  examined  by 
Mr.  Chambers,  K.C.,  M.P.,  stated  that  he 
met  Captain  Bowen  Colthurst  for  the  first 
time  on  Easter  Monday  at  Portobello  Bar- 
racks. Witness  thought  his  manner  was 
rather  peculiar  on  the  Monday  and  'Tuesday. 
On  the  Wednesday  his  manner  seemed 
strange.  He  was  half  lying  a.cross  the  table 
with  his  head  rest'ng  on  his  arm,  and  he 
looked  up  occasionally  and  stared  about  the 
room,  and  then  fell  forward  again  with  his 
head  on  his  arm.  Witness  came  to  the  con- 
clusion then  that  he  was  off  his  head,  and  he 
saw  Capt.  MeTurk  and  said'  something  to  the 
effect,  ''  For  Goodness  sake,  keep  an  eye  on 
Captain  Colthurst;  I  think  he  is  off  his  head." 

CAPTAIN  M'TURK,  R.A.M.C. 
Captain  James  MeTurk,  R.A.M.C,  stated, 
b  reply  to  Mr.  Andrews,  that  he  had  known 
"aptain  Bowen-Colthurst  for  about  ei<?ht 
Months.  Both  as  a  medical  man  and  one  who 
lad  known  him  for  nine  months,  witness 
houcht  he  was  net  responsible  for  his  action", 
Hid  was  not  crpa'ole  r{  exercising  any  sound 
judgment  or  discriminating  between  rMit 
lad'  wrong. 


Cross-examined  by  the  Prosecutor— Witness 
had  no  special  training  in   mental  uiseases. 

By  the  President — 1  ru.ve  been  in  Porto- 
bello Barracks  for  nine  months. 

On  the  Wednesday,  at  lunch  time,  did  you 
think  the  accused  was  responsible  for  his 
actions?     I  do  not  think  so. 

Can  you  give  us  any  particular  reasons  for 
stating  that?  His  general  demeanour  at 
lunch. 

^  Did   you    report   that   to    anyone?        Well, 
Captain   Kelly  reported  it  to  me. 

That  is  not  the  question  I  asked — you  were 
there  as  Medical  Officer — the  question  is,  did 
you  report  this  to  anybody  there?  I  re- 
ported it  to  Captain  Kelly.  I  told  Captain 
Kelly  that  I  had  prescribed  ten  grains  of 
potassium  bromide  for  the  accused. 

Did  you  realise  that  it  was  your  duty  to 
report  an  officer  unfit  for  duty"?  I  reported 
the  matter  to  Captain  Kelly. 

At  this  time  did  he  tell  you  that  he  had 
been  responsible  for  the  shooting  of  three 
men?     He  did  not;  he  never  said  that. 

Would  you  say  his  condition  was  due  to 
anxiety  for  what  he  had  done?  He  said  it 
v.  as  a  terrible  thing  to  shoot  one's  own  coun- 
trymen. 

DR.  PARSONS. 
Dr.  Parsons,  F.R.C.P.,  physician  to  the 
Royal  City  of  Dublin  Hospital,  gave  evidence 
that  he  met  Captain  Colthurst  several  years 
ago,  when  he  paid  a  professional  visit.  Wit- 
ness saw  trie  accused  on  November  21st, 
1914,  when  he  had  returned  from  the  front, 
and  reported  on  his  condition.  There  was 
loss  of  power,  owing  to  wounds,  in  accused's 
left  arm,  and,  in  addition,  Captain  Colthurst 
was  in  a  condition  of  marked  nervous  exhaus- 
tion. Witness  reported  that  he  was  unfit  for 
duty ;  should  have  two  months'  leave  of 
absence,  and',  after  that,  a  period  of  light 
duty.  He  was  quite  unequal  to 'any  strain, 
which  would  probably  have  brought  about  a 
nervous  breakdown,  probably  affecting  him 
mentally.  In  February  the  accused  had  im- 
proved physically,  and"  the  rest  had  done  his 
mind  good,   but  he  was  not  fit  for  duty. 

Witness  last  saw  accused  professionally  the 
previous  Friday.  He  found  him  labouring  under 
cons:derable  excitement  and  restless.  He 
did  not  seem  to  realise  his  position  in  regard 
to  the  present  charge.  In  the  course  of  a 
long  conversation  accused  talked  about  the 
fighting  at  Mons  and  the  retreat. 

Did  he  make  any  reference  to  the  shooting 
incident?  Yes,  he  told  me  that  on  Wednes- 
day morning  he  went  to  bed  at  three  and 
read  his  Bible,  and  that  he  came  across  a 
passage  in  it  wheh  seemed  to  have  exercised 
a  very  powerful  influence  on  his  mind.  The 
passage  was  to  the  effect:  "And  these  my 
enemies  which  will  not  have  me  to  rule  ever 
them,  bring  them  forth  and  slay  them."  So 
far  as  I  could  gather  from  him  the  way  that 
affected  his  nrnd  was  that  it  was  his  duty 
to  slav  men  who  would  not  have  His  Majesty 
to  rule  over  the-D. 

Havmg   regard   to  that  and  other  parts  of 


103 


the  conversation,  did  you  form  any  opinion  as 
to  the  state  of  his  mind?  I  came  to  the  con- 
clusion that  his  condition  was  far  from 
normal,  and  that  he  was  unbalanced.  I  felt 
that  a  very  trivial  incident  at  the  time  would 
absolutely  upset  his  balance. 

Witness  would  not  say  that  accused  was 
responsible  for  his  actions  in  March,  1915. 
The  bearing  of  Captain  Colthurst  on  the 
Wednesday  might  be  consonant  with  mani- 
festations of  remorse  and  regret  on  the  part 
of  a  sane  man.  Witness  said  that  the  accused 
made  't  quite  clear  to  him -that  he  (accused) 
had  done  right  and  carried  out  his  duty.  His 
words  were  to  the  effect  that  in  any  other 
country  except  Ireland  it  would  be  recog- 
nised as  right  to  kill  rebels. 

DR.    LEEPER. 

Dr.  Leeper.  F.R.C.S.I..  examined  by  Mr. 
Andrews,  said  he  held  a  certificate  for  know- 
ledge of  mental  diseases,  that  he  was  medcal 
superintendent  of  St.  Patrick's  Hospital, 
Dublin,  and  late  examiner  in  mental  diseases 
in  the  University  of  Duoln.  He  first  saw 
the  accused  on  Friday  last,  in  company  with 
Dt.  Parsons,  and  listened  to  the  conversation 
which  he  had  with  Captain  Colthurst.  The 
accused  seemed  to  be  in  a  very  restless, 
agitated  state,  pacing  up  and  down  the  room, 
and  not  able  to  control  himself.  He  did  not 
appear  to  realise  the  seriousness  of  the 
charge  against  him.  or  to  have  the  ordinary 
self-protect' ve  feeling  of  a  man  against  whom 
there  was  a  serious  charge  pending.  He  (wit- 
ness) had  come  to  the  conclusion  that  the 
man  was  exceedingly  nervously  shaken,  and 
that  if  his  condition  remained  as  it  was,  he 
was  on  the  "eve  of  a  complete  breakdown. 

EVIDENCE    AS   TO    CHARACTER. 

Captain  Wade  Thompson.  D.L. ,  Clons- 
keagh  Castle,  was  called,  and  stated  that  he 
had  known  the  accused  for  ten  years.  Dur- 
ing that  time  he  was  one  of  his  staunchest 
friends,  and  he  had  found  him  an  honourable, 
straight-forward  pentleman.  He  considered 
him  a  little  erratic  in  his  manner  at  times. 
and  a  little  inconsequent  in  his  conversation 
occasionally.  He  was  a  straightforward, 
kindly  gentleman  in  every  way,  incapable  of 
anything  dishonourable,  under  natural  cir- 
cumstances. 

Colonel  Sir  Frederick  W.  Shaw  described 
the  accused's  character  as  of  the  very  best. 
He  was  not  cruel  or  given  to  harsh  acts. 
Since  Captain  Colthurst's  return  from  France 
his  mind  was  more  unbalanced  than  before. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Hamilton  Bell  and 
Colonel  J.  S.  Drown  gave  accused  a  high 
character. 

Major  Eclrford  said  that  he  knew  accused 
best  in  India.  He  thought  he  was  rattier  gul- 
lible us  fur  cis  the  men  were  concerned. 


MEDICAL    TESTIMONY. 

Capt.  George  Lawless.  Medical  Superinten- 
dent of  the  Armagh  District  Lunatic  Asylum, 
said,  in  reply  to  Mr.  Chambers,  that  he  had 
examined  the  accused.  His  opinion  was  that 
Capt.  Colthurst  was  in  a  state  of  mental  in- 
stability, and  that  he  was  restless  and  un- 
strung. His  history  for  over  a  year  was  one 
of  mental  weakness.  Witness  was  a  mem- 
ber of  a  medical  board  before  which  Capt. 
Colthurst  presented  himself  in  March,  1915. 
A  report  was  then  made  as  to  his  mental 
and  bodily  condition.  Witness  saw  him  again 
the  previous  Saturday,  when  he  was  with  him 
for  about  two  hours.  The  result  of  his  ex- 
amination was  that  he  considered  Captain 
Colthurst  was  at  present  mentally  in  an  un- 
sound state,  and  that  he  was  not  responsible. 

Major  Francis  Purser,  who  .had  also 
examined  the  accused,  agreed  with  the  evi- 
dence given  by  Capt.  Lawless. 

TELEGRAM     FROM     SIR     FRANCIS     VANE. 

The  President  said  that  before  the  Court 
retired  he  should  like  to  read  the  following 
telegram  which  he  had  received  from  Major 
Sir  Francis  Yane  : — 

As  Captain  Colthurst's  alleged  speech  ahoat 
myself,  as  reported  in  papers,  give  false  impres- 
sion. I  consider  pnlilic  announcement  should  he 
made  from  Bench.  Please  note  T  was  recommended 
by  Brigadier  178th  brigade  for  mention  in  de- 
spatches for  work  done  in  the  rebellion,  and  for 
re-organisins;  defences  Poriobrllo  Barracks,  but 
did  not   sanction   unnecessary   harsh  actions. 

The  Court  then  retired'. 


FINDINGS     OF     THE    COU  RTMART!  AL. 

The  finding  of  the  General  Courtmartial  on 
Captain  Bowen-Colthurst,  held  at  Richmond 
Barracks  on  June  6th  and  7th,  1916  was  pro- 
mulgated on  Saturday.  10th  June. 

The  Court  found'  ^nrtain  Bowen  Colthurst 
guilty  of  the  first  third  and  fifth  charges  of 
murder,  and  also  found  this  officer  was  insane 
at  the  time  that  he  committed  these  acts. 
1  he  finding  m*  confirmed  by  the  General 
Officer  Commanding -in-Chief. 


TO     BE    DETAINED     IN     AN     ASYLUM. 

The  following  communiqui  with  reference  to 
the  courtmartial  on  Captain  Bowen  Colthurst 
was  issued  from  the  Military  Headquarters 
in  Dublin  on  Thursday,  29th  June  : — 

The  Army  Council  has  notified  that  the 
case  of  Captain  J.  C.  Bowen  Colthurst,  who 
was  found  guilty  by  courtmartial  of  the 
murder  of  Sheehy-Skeffington,  Thomas  Dick- 
son, and  Patrick  Maclntyre  during  the  recent 
rebellion,  has  been  submitted  to  the  King, 
in  accordance  with  Section  130  of  the  Aimy 
Act,  and  His  Majesty  has  been  pleased  to 
direct  that  Captain  Bowen  Colthurst  be  de- 
tained in  a  criminal  lunatic  asylum  during  His 
Majesty's  pleasure. 


1C3 


THE  RISING  IN  COUNTY  LOUTH. 

♦ 

MURDER   OF   CONSTABLE   McGEE. 

A  Courtmartial  assembled  on  Friday,  9th 
June,  at  Richmond  Barracks,  Dublin,  for  the 
purpose  of  trying  four  young  men  on  a 
charge  of  killing  a  police  constable  of  the 
R.I.C.  at  Castlebellingham  on  Easter  Monday, 
and  attempting  to  kill  a  military  officer. 
Major-Geneial  Lord  Cheylesmore.  K.C.V.O., 
presided,  and  the  Couii  consisted  of  twelve 
other  officers.  Mr.  Kenneth  Marshall  acted 
as  Judge  Advocate. 

The  accused   were  : — 

John   McEntee,   electrical  engineer.   Belfast. 

Frank  Martin,  house  painter,   Dublin. 

Denis  Leahy,  labourer,  Dundalk. 

James  Sally,   coach  painter,   Dundalk. 

The  first  charge  against  them  was:  "  Doing 
an  act  of  such  a  nature  as  to  be  calculated  to 
be  prejudicial  to  the  public  safety  and  the 
Defence  of  the  Realm,  with  the  intention  of, 
and  for  the  purpose  of.  assisting  the  enemy, 
in  that  they,  near  Castlebeiiingham,  Co. 
Louth,  on  the  24th  April,  1916,  whilst  en- 
gaged in  armed  rebellion  and  the  waging  of 
war  against  His  Majesty  the  King,  feloni- 
ously and  of  their  malice  aforethought,  did 
kill  and  murder  Constable  McGee  of  the 
Royal  Irish  Constabulary."  The  second 
charge  against  them  was:  "Doing  an  act  of 
such  a  nature  as  to  be  calculated  to  be  pre- 
judicial to  the  public  safety  and  the  De- 
fence of  the  Realm,  with  the  intention  and 
for  the  purpose  of  assisting  the  enemy,  in 
that  they,  on  the  24th  April,  near  Castlebel- 
lingham, whilst  engaged  in  armed  rebellion, 
and  waging  war  against  the  King,  did  at- 
tempt to  kill  and  murder  Lieutenant  Robert 
Dunville,  Grenadier  Guards" ;  and  the  third 
charge  was  "the  doing  of  an  act  prejudicial  to 
the  public  safety  and  Defence  of  the  Realm, 
with  the  intentior  and  for  the  purpose  of 
assisting  the  enemy,  in  that  they  took  part 
in  an  armed  rebellion  in  Ireland  and  the 
wasin^  of  war  asrainst  the  King.*' 

Major  Kimber,  D.S.O.,  conducted 
the  case  for  the  prosecution.  Mr. 
T.  M.  Heaiy,  K.C.,  M.P.,  and  Mr. 
Cecil  Laverv  (instiucted  by  Mr.  Hamill,  Dun- 
dalk) appeared  for  the  accused,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  McEntee,  who  was  defended  by 
Mr.  Hanna,  K.C.,  and  Mr.  McGrath  (in- 
structed by  Mr.  John  Gore). 

THE   FACTS  OF  THE  CASE. 

The  Prosecutor  (Major  Ilimber)  briefly 
stated  the  facts  of  the  case.  He  said  on 
Sunday  morning,  April  23rd,  a  party  of 
73  men  set  out  from  Dundalk  at  ten  o'clock 
in  the  morning.  Nineteen  of  them  -were 
armed,  and  they  went  to  Ardee.  On  the  way 
they  -were  met  by  a  man  in  a  motor  car,  in 
which  there  were  rifles.  These  rifles  were 
distributed  to  the  men,  who  adopted  military 
formations.  McEntee  was  in  charge  of  the 
party.  They  stayed  at  Ardee  that  night,  and 
early  on  the  morning  of  the  24th  they 
■tailed  back  tow  aids  Castlebellingham.       At 


si"  in  i\e  evening  tney  were  at  Lurgan  Green, 
the  party  having  been  reduced  to  about  50. 
A  man  named  Patrick  McCormack,  a  farmer, 
came  towards  Sergeant  Wynnes,  who  had 
been  following  the  party  throughout,  and 
accused  McEntee  of  having  wounded  him  in 
the  hand  with  a  revolver,  and  asked  him  to 
arrest  him.  McEntee  replied — "I  did  it  as  a 
matter  of  duty.  Ireland  is  proclaimed'  a  Re- 
public, and  you  must  stand  or  fall  by  that 
fact."  Sergeant  Wymes,  whom  tney  knew 
well,  and  two  other  constables,  were  made 
prisoners,  and  placed  under  an  armed  guard. 
Several  motor  cars  passed  on  the  road,  and 
every  vehicle  passing  was  stopped  and 
searched.  That  continued'  until  6.30,  when 
the  rebels  went  to  Castlebellingham.  About 
seven  o'clock  a  party  arrived  at  Castlebelling- 
ham and  pulled  up  on  the  middle  of  the  road, 
near   the      police    barrack.  McEntee      and 

Martin  came  up  and  covered  three  policemen 
with  revolvers.  They  were  taken  and  placed 
with  their  backs  against  a  railings.  Martin 
was  put  in  chan  j  of  them,  and  he  said  to 
them  that  if  they  stirred  thev  would  be  shot. 
Whilst  this  was  going  on  Constable  McGee 
came  up,  riding  a  bicycle.  McEntee  ordered* 
him  to  dismount  and  to  deliver  what  de- 
spatches he  had  to  him.  The  constable  was 
searched,  and  his  despatches  taken  from  him. 
McGee  was  placed  against  the  rail,  and  about 
twenty  armed  Volunteers  were  addressed  by 
McEntee.  who  said  :  "  See  that  your  revolvers 
are  procerly  loaded,  and  be  ready  to  obey 
me."  Then  Lieutenant  Dunville  in  his  motor 
car  came  on  the  scene.  He  was  stopped  and 
ordered  out  of  his  car,  and  he  and  his  chauf- 
feur were  put  with  the  three  men  with  their 
backs  to  the  railings.  The  prisoner  Leahy 
pointed  his  rifle  at  Lieutenant  Dunville  and 
then  McEntee  gave  an  order.  The  rebe1  s  1 
back  to  their  cars,  and  shots  were  heard. 
Lieutenant  Dunvil'e  was  hit.  and  the  ehanio 
went  through  his  lung.  Almost  immediately 
-onstalle  McGee  was  hit.  11^  fell,  and  died 
in  a  couple  of  hours. 

THE    REBELS'    PASSWORD. 

Sergeant  M.  Wymes,  R.I.C..  Dundalk. 
said  that  on  Sun..v,  April  23rd,  at  10 
o'clock  in  the  morning,  he  saw  a  body  of 
twenty  men,  leaving  a  hall  in  the  town. 
Nineteen  of  them  were  armed  with  rifles, 
double  and  single  barrels,  and  they  went  on 
towards  Ardee,  accompanied  by 'five  cars'. 
At  Ardee  he  saw  the  prisoners,  and  he  saw 
ammunition  being  handed  out.  They  arrived 
at  Slane  about  8  o'clock,  and  stayed  on 
the  road'  till  12  o'clock  at  night,  where  they 
encamped.  At  a  quarter  to  ,  three. in  the 
morning  they  proceeded  towards  Ccllon.  He 
traced  their  movements  during  the  aay  to 
Castlebellingham.  The  party,  numbered  fifty 
at  Lurgan  Green,  mostly.  armed. 
That  was  at  6  p.m.  Patrick :  McCor- 
mack, a  farmer,  came  along  with 
McEntee,  and  McCormack  said  that  McEntee 
had  phot  him  :n  the  hand,  and  .the  latter  said 
he  did  it  as  a  matter  of  duty  :  that  Jreland 
was  proclaimed  a  Republic,  and  that  he  was 
prepared  to  stand  or  fall  by  his  acts.       He 


110 


made  witness  a  prisoner.  Two  Con- 
stables then  came  up,  and  they  and  he  were 
searched  and  placed  under  an  armed  guard. 
The  cars  that  passed  were  all  commandeered 
and'  taken  possession  of  by  the  Sinn  Fcintrs. 
Witness  was  there  for  an  hour  and  a  half 
altogether  under  an  armed  guard.  The 
main  party  of  Sinn  Fciners  went  away.  He 
was  allowed  eventually  to  go  away,  and  was 
given  the  password  "Limerick,"  by  which 
he  was  enabled  to  pass  the  rest  of  the  rebels. 
He  saw  three  of  the  accused,  Martin, 
MeEntee,  and  Sally  bearing  arms.  He  did 
not  see  Leahy  there  at  all. 

POLICE   HELD    UP. 

Acting  Sergeant  Patrick  Kiernan,  Castle- 
bellingham,  stated  that  on  Easter  Monday  he 
saw  a  party  of  armed  men  passing  through 
the  village  between  4.30  and  5  p.m.,  going 
towards  Dund'alk.  They  were  on  foot. 
There  were  a  couple  of  vehicles  behind  them. 
Some  of  them  came  back  about  6.45 — thiee 
cars  and  eleven  armed  men  came  back.  They 
had  shot  guns  and  rifles.  Witness  did  not 
recognise  them  as  being  in  the  first  party. 
About  fifteen  minutes  later  about  fifty  men 
came  from  the  Dundalk  direction,  armed  with 
rifles,  shot  guns,  and  revolvers.  The  cars 
stopped  near  the  end  of  the  village,  the  last 
car  being  about  120  yards  from  the  barracks. 
Witness  took  a  constable  with  him 
down  after  the  cars.  As  he  approached 
MeEntee,  Martin,  and  two  others  presented 
revolvers  at  them,  and  ordered  them  to 
stand  by  the  railing.  MeEntee  said  if  they 
stirred  one  way  or  the  other  they  would 
be  shot  dead.  While  standing  there,  Con- 
stable McGee  came  up  on  his  bicycle,  and 
MeEntee  and  several  others  went  towards  him 
and  ordered  him  to  dismount.  He  got  off, 
and  they  told  him  to  stand  with  his  back  to 
the  railings.  MeEntee  asked  him  had  be 
arms,  and  he  said  not,  and  MeEntee  ordered 
him  to  de'iver  up  all  papers  on  him,  other- 
wise he  would  be  shot.  Constable  McGee 
then  handed  what  witness  believed  to  be  two 
despatches  to  MeEntee.  The  constable  was 
then  searched  for  arms.  After  the  search 
MeEntee  came  clown,  and  stood  about  a  yard 
in  front  of  witness,  facing  him.  There  would 
be  about  twenty  others  present,  just  I  ebind 
the  last  motor  car,  all  armed.  MeEntee 
said:  "Now,  men,  keep  your  rifles  at  proper 
load,  and  be  able  to  obey  me  when  I  give  the 
order."  Martin  was  then  present.  Lieu- 
tenant Dunville  then  came  up  in  a  motor  car, 
and  was  stopped  by  MeEntee  and  several 
others     with      revolvers     and     rifles.       They 

{»ointed  their  weapons  towards  Lieutenant 
)unville,  who  was  taken  out  of  the  car  and 
put  standing  by  the  railings.  Witness  saw 
the  accused,  Denis  Leahy,  standing  about 
three  yards  away.  Witness  also  saw  James 
Sally  present.  The  chauffeur  was  also 
ordered  to  leave  the  motor  car.  There  were 
about  twenty  men  at  least  covering  witness 
and  the  other  four  men  with  rifles  and  re- 
volvers. He  then  heard  a  shot  from  the 
direction  of  the  first  motor  car.  Lieutenant 
Dunville  said,   "I  am  shot,"  and  commenced 


to  fall  back  against  the  railings.  Witness 
did  not  then  see  where  he  was  shot,  but 
afterwards  found  he  was  shot  through  the 
body.  Another  shot  followed,  and  witness 
and  Constable  Donovan  ran  into  a  house.  Two 
shots  were  fired  as  they  crossed  the  road. 
Witness  and  the  other  policeman  went  out 
backwards  and  got  to  the  barracks.  He  re- 
turned to  the  scene  immediately,  and  found 
Constable  McGee  shot.  The.  constable  died 
within  a  few  hours.  All  the  cars  went  away, 
except  one  which  broke  down.  That  car  con- 
tained a  large  amount  of  ammunition  foi 
rifles,  revolvers,  and  shot  guns. 

AMERICAN    AMMUNITION. 

The  President  said  the  rifle  cartridges  were 
American  ammunition.  The  shotgun  ammuni- 
tion was  a  mixture  of  buckshot  and  ordinary 
shot. 

Constable  Patrick  Donovan,  R.I.C., 
stationed  at  Castlebellingham,  answering 
Major  Kimber,  said  he  remembered  going 
before  the  rebels'  cars  to  stop  them  on  Easter 
Monday  about  7  p.m.  As  he  got  in  front  of 
the  cars  he  was  "  halted  "  by  four  men,  of 
whom  two  were  the  accused,  MeEntee  and 
Martin,  both  being  armed  with  revolvers. 
MeEntee  placed  him  beside  the  railing,  and 
put  Martin  in  charge  of  him,  with  directions 
that  if  he  did  anvthing  he  should  be  shot. 
The  police  were  in  uniform,  but  they  had 
no  arms.  He  saw  MeEntee  stop  Constable 
McGee  with  a  revolver  pointed  at  him. 
MeEntee  told  him  that  "if  he  resisted  he 
would  be  shot.  There  were  a  lot  of  rebels 
round  about,  and  they  were  all  armed.  He 
saw  Lieutenant  Dunville  and  his  chauffeur 
ordered  out  of  their  car  by  MeEntee,  who 
covered  them  with  his  revolver.  Witness 
ask^d  the  men  who  placed  them  against  the 
railing  not  to  shoot  them. 

LIEUTENANT    DUNVILLE'S    NARROW    ESCAPE 

Second  Lieutenant  Robert  Dunville,  of  the 
Grenadier  Guards,  said  he  was  travelling  by 
motor  car  from  Belfast  to  Kingstown  on 
Easter  Monday,  accompanied  by  his 
chauffeur.  They  arrived  at  Castlebelhng- 
ham  about  ten  minutes  to  seven.  When  ho 
entered  the  village  he  saw  three  policemen 
on  the  left  hand  side  of  the  road  near  the 
railings.  He  also  saw  a  considerable  num- 
ber of  men  in  motor  curs,  and  some  on  the 
road — all  armed,  some  with  revolvers,  some 
had  automatic  pistols,  others  carbines  and 
ordinary  rifles.  As  he  could  not  get  through 
he  pulled  his  car  up,  and  a  man  whom  he 
identified  as  the  accused,  Leahy,  came  up 
and  pointed  a  rifle  at  him.  Then  MeEntee 
came  up  and  presented  a  pistol  at  him.  Wit- 
ness asked  them  what  it  was-  all  about,  told 
him  that  he  wanted  to  catch  the  boat  from 
Kingstown,  and  to  let  him  pass.  Hia 
chauffeur  and  himself  were  placed  with 
the  police  at  ti.e  railings.  '1  hen  a 
man  got  out  of  one  of  the  cars,  and  aimed  * 
long  rifle  at  him.  He  heard  a  report,  and 
somebody  at  his  right  hand  side  shouted,  and 
he  found  that  he  himself  had  been  shot;  that 
the  bullet  passed  through  his  breast  from  left 


Ill 


to  right.  He  saw  a  rifle  still  pointed  at  him 
after  he  was  hit.  After  that  he  fell,  and  ha 
■was  removed  to  his  car.  Besides  McEntee, 
who  seemed  to  be  in  command,  he  saw  Leahy 
and  ivlartin.  He  could  recognise  the  man 
who  pointed  the  long  rifle,  but  he  was  not 
one  of  the  accused. 

Dr.  Patrick  J.  O'Hagan,  Castlebellingham, 
described  the  nature  of  Constable  McGee's  in- 
juries. He  was  suffering  from  four  bullet 
wounds,  two  in  the  left  arm,  and  two  in  the 
body.  Witness  was  present  at  the  post-mortem 
and  attributed  death  to  shock  and  hemorrhage, 
resulting  from  bullet  wounds.  Witness  also 
attended  Lieutenant  Dunville,  and  found  two 
wounds  on  the  chest,  one  on  the  le  f,  being  ap- 
parently the  wound  of  entry. 

AID    OF    A     FOREIGN     POWER. 

Sergt.  Chr.  Sheridan,  R.I.C.,  stationed  at 
Dundalk,  said  he  searched  McEntee's  lodgings 
in  Anne  street,  Dundalk,  on  May  17th,  and 
found  a  number  of  papers  and  documents, 
and  a  book  in  which  the  following  was 
written : — 

Proposed  and  seconded,  that  a  meeting  he  lie'd 
in  the  Town  Hall  on  Easter  Sunday.  First.  Ire- 
land to  reach  independence  in  two  ways — (1)  by 
the  development  of  limited  autonomy;  (2)  at  one 
stroke  by  her  own  unaided  exertion,  or  by  the  aid 
of  a  foreign  power— the  latter  the  more  feasible. 
Should  she  gain  it  by  the  first  ipso  she  would 
be  strong  enough  to  hold  it,  and  by  the  second 
we  will  consider. 

The  qther  documents  composed  copies  of 
Sinn  Fein  newspapers,  such  as  the  Spark 
and  the  Volunteer,  and  a  manuscript  in 
which  was  entered  some  dates  in  history,  as 
far  back  as  the  fifteenth  century,  at  which 
rebellions  took  place,  not  only  m  Ireland, 
but  on  the  Continent.  Then  there  were 
books  of  military  instruction,  and  a  pamphlet 
on  Sinn  Fein  policy.  One  of  the  letters 
found  was  a  reply  from  the  War  Office  au- 
thorities to  an  application  of  McEntee's  for 
a  commission  in  His  Majesty's  Army. 

MR.    HEALY    AND    THE    GOVERNMENT. 

Cross-examined  by  Mr.  Healy — Was  there 
a  Government  in  Ireland  while  all  this  was 
going  on  ?  Were  the  police  in  Dundalk  ? 
Yes. 

Did  you  allow  all  these  young  men  to  be 
brigaded,  drilled,  organised,  armed,  and  pro- 
Germanised  without  taking  any  steps  to  stop 
it  ?     We  did  net  interfere. 

Did  you  ever  caution  them  ?     No. 

Head  Constable  Donnelly,  Dundalk,  told 
the  Court  that  on  the  28th  April  last  he 
opened  the  desk  which  McEntee  had  at  the 
power  house,  Dundalk,  and  found  a  quantity 
of  papers  and  letters,  among  the  latter  being 
a  letter  from  the  late  P.  II.  Pearse,  who  was 
the  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  rebels,  recom- 
mending McEntee  to  push  on  the  work  and  com- 
plete their  equipment  and  training.  He  also 
produced  a  book  containing  what  he  took  to 
be  a  list  of  names  of  the  Volunteers  in 
Dundalk,  and  a  circular  from  Cumann  no, 
Bhan  relating  to  a  drawing  for  the  distribu- 
tion of  arms  to  be  held  on  the  8th  Aprih 

LEAHY'S  STATEMENT. 
Head   Constable    Kinahan    proved    a  state- 


ment made  by  Leahy  on  .April  27  to  District 
Inspector  Smith  before  that  officer  was  killed 
in  which  he  stated  that  on  the  previous 
Sunday  they  walked  into  Ardee,  where  they 
got  rifles  there  from  a  strange  car.  They 
then  went  to  Collon,  and  from  that  to  Slane, 
where  they  stopped  till  3  o'clock  next  morn- 
ing. They  walked  through  Dunleer  into 
Castlebellingham,  and  on  to  Lurgangreen 
where  they  met  a  strange  man  on  a  car,  who 
«aid  he  came  from  Dublin,  and  that  fighting 
was  going  on  there.  "So,"  continues  the 
statement,  "  we  were  all  taken  together  to 
get  our  guns  ready.  We  were  told  that  if  v/e 
moved  we  would  be  shot.  All  the  motor 
cars  that  were  coming  in  from  the  races  were 
held  up  with  revolvers,  and  the  cars  were 
taken  possession  of.  We  went  on  to  Dun- 
shaughlin,  and  as  the  motor  cars  ran  short  of 
petrol  we  had  all  to  get  out  and  walk.  A 
few  of  us  got  together,  and  said  we  would 
not  go.  So  we  had  to  hand  up  our  rifles 
and  ammunition.  We  had  to  leave  them 
and   walk  where   we   were  arrested." 

Percy  Alfred  Spalding,  Engineer,  and 
Manager  of  the  Electricity  Works,  Dundalk, 
under  whom  the  accused,  McEntee,  had  been 
employed,  gave  him  an  excellent  character 
from  the  personal  point  of  view,  as  well  33 
from  the  professional.  Testimonials  from  offi- 
cials in  Belfast  were  also  read.  The  witness 
said  that  McEntee  had  left  on  the  Thursday 
before  Easter  for  his  holiday,  promising  to 
be  back  at  his  work  on  Monday  morning. 
_  This  closed  the  evidence  for  the  prosecu- 
tion. 

Mr.  Healy  opened  the  case  for  the  defence 
of  his  clients. 

Thomas  Harty,  car  driver,  Dundalk,  ex- 
amined by  Mi.  La  very,  deposed  to  having 
driven  a  party  of  Volunteers  on  the  Sunday 
and  Easter  Monday  through  the  country,  and 
that  he  was  with  Sally  at  Lurgantjreen  when 
the  constable  was  shot  at  Castlebellingham 

McENTEE'S  STATEMENT. 
John  McEntee,  one  of  the  accused,  hern 
read  to  the  Court  a  statement  which  he  had 
prepared  since  the  trial  began.  At  the  out- 
set he  positively  denied  the  charge  of  murder. 
In  obedience  to  the  order  of  his  commander, 
he  stopped  the  constable  and  searched  him. 
He  took  from  him  one  envelope,  which  ha 
brought  to  his  commander.  The  constable  re- 
ceived no  abuse  from  him,  and  he  lamented  kis 
death;  the  constable  was  his  fellow-country- 
man, discharging  his  duty.  He  s"W 
Danville  sink  to  the  ground,  and 
would  have  gene  to  assist  him  but  that 
their  commander  thought  it  imperative,  from 
information  which  he  had  received,  that  they 
should  no  longer  remain  there.  He  was 
charged  with  having  given  assistance  to  the 
King's  enemies.  He  absolutely  denied  that 
he  had  given,  directly  or  indirertly,  assistance 
to  the  King's  enemies.  Anylhing  lie  did  was 
done  out  of  love  for  Ireland,  and  not  to  assist 
the  King's  enemies  in  any  way.  Such  an 
ide*  never  occurred  to  him.  Fie  admitted  that 
for  some  months,  up  to  April  24  he  was  an 
active  and  enthusiastic  Volunteer  ;  and'  he  was  » 

3  1 


112 


Volunteer,  first  of  all,  because,  being  an  Irish- 
man, he  thought  that  the  economic  and  in- 
dustrial future  of  his  country  could  only  be 
tssured  by  such  government  as  was  enjoyed 
by  the  Empire's  free  Dominions.  He  re- 
cognised that  the  Home  Rule  Act  -was  such  a 
measure,  and  he  thought  he  saw  in  the  pro- 
mise of  an  Amending  Bill  a  proposal  whereby 
Ulster  should  be  cut  off  and  separated  from 
*,he  Ireland  which  he  loved.  He  saw  his 
hopes  falsified  by  the  promise  of  an  Amending; 
Bill,  and  he  saw  no  protection  against  it  but 
some  such  organisation  as  the  Ulster  Volun- 
teer Force.  He  admitted  that  he  took  part  m 
events  which  he  afterwards  discovered  were  a 
rebellion  ;  but  bis  sole  aim  and  object  was  to 
resist  the  suppression  of  the  organisation 
whose  maintenance  he  regarded  as  a  great 
safeguard  against  the  repeal  of  Home  Rule. 
Throughout  the  whole  proceedings  he  had  no 
idea  or  desire  to  assist  the  enemy.  When 
General  Parsons  was  raising  the  16th  Division 
he  applied  to  him  for  a  Commission,  but  owing 
to  the  difficulty  of  getting  to  Mallow  the  ap- 
plication fell  through,  and  he  then  decided  to 
devote  himself  to  his  profession.  In  conclu- 
sion, he  said  he  was  not  aware  of  any  of  the 
plans  for  the  late  unfortunate  insurrection. 

HIGHWAY    ROBBERY    IN    BROAD    DAYLIGHT. 

Mr.  T.  Erskine  Alexander,  solicitor,  Bel- 
fast, said  he  was  motoring  from  Fairyhouse 
Races  to  Belfast,  when  he  was  stopped  at 
Dromiskey  by  about  thirty  armed  men. 
McEntee  was  there,  and  but  for  McEntee  the 
other  men  would  have  behaved  badly  to  him 
(witness)  and  the  other  persons  whom  they 
had  stopped.  His  car  had  been  taken  from 
him,  but  it  was  returned  later  on. 

The  Prosecutor — Do  you  agree  with  me  that 
thi:>  was  highway  robbery  of  your  car  in  broad 
day'ight?     Yes. 

McEntee  was  apparently  in  authority?  He 
was  the  only  one  that  I  identify.  I  don't 
remember  having  seen  any  of  the  others.  The 
whole  crowd  surrounded  us  and  pointed  their 
revolvers  at  us. 

Alderman  John  McOrath,  Belfast,  who 
travelled  with  Mr.  Alexander,  corroborated 
his  evidence. 

A  chauffeur  named  Dickson,  who  drove 
another  motor  car  going  to  Belfast,  gave  evi- 
dence of  having  been  stopped  by  the  rebels, 
who  took  possession  of  his  car,  after  having 
turned  out  the  owner.  McEntee  sat  beside 
him  as  he  drove  back  to  Castlebellingham 
from  Lurgan  Green.  There  were  five  other 
rebels  in  the  car  sitting  behind  him,  and  one 
of  them  put  his  rifle  to  his  left  shoulder  and 
fired  at  the  police  who  were  lined  up. against 
the  railings  at  Castlebellingham.  He  heard 
the  man  say  that  he  had  got  first  blood. 
McEntee  had  only  a  little  automatic  pistol. 
McEntee  gave  him  money  to  buy  food 

Wm.  Donnelly,  another  chauffeur,  s?Jd  that 
he  heard  McEntee  refuse  to  give  ammunition 
to  those  who  demanded  it. 

Patrick  Byrne,  publican,  CastlcbeU  lgham, 
Caid  that  he  saw  the  five  persons,  including 
Sihe  three  policemen,  lined  up  against  the  rail 


ings,  and  he  saw  Constable  Magee  shot,  but 
it  was  not  done  by  McEntee. 

Mr.  Joseph  Devlin,  M.P.  ;  Mr.  Joseph 
Donnelly,  Treasury  Solicitor  for  Ireland,  and 
Mr.  T.  Callan  Macardle,  Dundalk,  gave  evi- 
dence testifying  to  the  respectability  of 
McEntee. 

SENTENCES. 

The  following  result  of  the  trial  was  subse- 
quently issued : — 

John  McEntee,  Francis  Martin,  and  Denia 
Leahy  was  sentenced  to  death;  these  sen- 
tences were  confirmed  by  the  General  Officer 
Commanding-in-Chief,  but  commuted  to  penal 
servitude  as  under  : — 

John  McEntee — Penal  servitude  for  life. 

Francis  Martin — Ten  years'  penal  servitude. 

Denis  Leahy — Ten  years'  penal  servitude. 

James  Sally  was  sentenced  to  penal  servi- 
tude for  ten  years,  which  was  confirmed  by 
the  General  Officer  Commanding-in-Chief,  with 
a  remission  of  five  years  of  the  sentence 
awarded. 

THE  BATTLE  OF  ASHBOURNE. 
♦ 

MEATH  COUNTY  SURVEYOR 
ACQUITTED. 

The  trial  by  courtmartial  of  James 
Quigley,  County  Surveyor  of  County  Meath, 
began  on  Wednesday,  7th,  and  concluded 
on  Friday,  9th  June,  at  Richmond'  Barracks, 
Dublin.  The  charge  against  Mr.  Quigley 
was  that,  during  the  rising  of  Sinn 
Fein  rebels  in  the  County  Meath  on  April 
28th,  when  the  police  were  ambushed  near 
Ashbourne  and  several  officers  and  men 
were  killed  and  a  number  wounded,  he 
conveyed  information  by  signal  to  them 
as  to  the  whereabouts  of  the  police, 
which  might  be  helpful  to  them,  and  pre- 
judicial to  the  peace  and  welfare  of  the 
King'^  subjects.  The  accused  denied  the 
charge,  and,  further,  stated  that  he  had 
neither  hand,  act  nor  part  in  the  rebellion,  and 
thut  he  had  no  knowledge  of  the  acts  of  the 
rebels,  and  that  he  had  no  sympathy  with 
them. 

The  accused  pleaded  not  guilt}',  and  was 
defended'  by  Mr.  Henry  Hanna,  K.C.,  and 
Mr.  Lardner,  M.P.  (instructed  by  Mr.  J.  J. 
McDonald). 

CASE    FOR    PROSECUTION. 

Major  Kimber,  the  Prosecutor,  said  the 
facts  of  the  case  were  that  during  the  week 
of  the  rebellion  a  man  named  Ashe  set  out 
with  a  doctor  named  Hayes  and  a  number  of 
armed  rebels,  and  they  deliberately  took  pos- 
session of  various  police  barracks,  took  the 
policemen  prisoners,  and  ultimately  came  to  a 
pitched  battle  with  the  police  at  a  place  called 
Ashbourne,  where  the  County  Inspector  was 
mortally  wounded,  the  District  Inspector 
killed',  and  16  policemen  were  wounded,  and 
four  or  five  others  killed.  The  expedition  of 
the  police  started  from  Navan  on  the  28th 
April  at  aboi",i  11.15  a.m.  The/  were  in 
motor  cars,  in  command  of  County  Inspector 
Cray  and  District  Inspector  Smith.  They 
started   to  relic  ve  the   policemen   besieged   at 

£  2 


113 


Ashbourne,  a  distance  of  about  20  miles  from 
Navan.  At  a  spot  on  the  road'  between  Bal- 
rothery  and  Kilmoon  the  police  met  the  ac- 
cused, James  Quigley,  with  his  motor  cycle. 
The  accused  was  a  man  of  importance  in  the 
County  Meath,  occupying  an  official  position 
as  County  Surveyor.  He  was  standing  at  the 
cross  roads  when  the  police  passed,  and  when 
they  got  close  to  Kilmoon  they  again  passed 
the  prisoner  on  the  road.  Near  Ashbourne  tha 
police  were  fired  upon  by  the  rebels.  The 
accused  came  up  on  his  cycle  behind  them, 
left  the  cycle  on  the  side  of  the  road  and 
ran  across  in  a  stooping  position  to  a  wood. 
It  was  important  to  recollect  that  because 
during  the  fight  which  followed  the  police 
were  fired  upon  from  the  wood,  and  the  police 
force  was  cut  off  from  the  rear  and  sur- 
rounded. The  police  finally  surrendered',  and 
when  they  surrendered  they  saw  the  accused 
talking  with  rebels  and  shaking  hands  with 
Ashe.  When  the  premises  of  the  accused' 
were  searched  a  rifle,  a  shot  gun,  ammuni- 
tion, and  seditious  literature  were  found 
there. 

Acting  Sergeant  Joseph  Stephenson, 
R.I.C..  deposed  that  he  was  on  duty  at  Slane 
on  the  26th  April.  On  that  day  he  saw  Mr. 
Quigley  come  into  the  village  on  his  motor 
bicycle  and  take  observation  oi  the  police, 
who  numbered  20  or  30,  standing  about  the 
local  police  station.  He  thought  the  accused 
was   spying   on   the  police. 

RIFLES     AND     AMMUNITION     PRODUCED. 

District  Inspector  H.  B.  Molony,  R.I.C., 
who  bad  been  in  charge  of  the  Navan  district 
from  the  2nd  till  the  31st  May,  produced 
three  rifles,  54  rounds  of  ammunition,  a 
button  badge  of  the  Volunteers,,  a  copy  of 
Nationality,  some  copies  of  a  "  Cuman-na- 
bham "  leaflet,  and  some  books  and  manu- 
script, which  were  found  at  the  house  of  tha 
accused. 

Sergeant  John  Griffith,  R.I.C.,  stated  that 
he  was  in  charge  of  Bohermeen  Barracks,  five 
miles  from  Navan.  On  the  23th  April  last 
hr>  was  at  Slane  and  left  with  a  party  of 
police,  under  County  Inspector  Gray  and 
District  Inspector  SmitK  Jt  was  about  11 
o'clock  They  went  tov>-.a/  Ashbourne.  Wit- 
ness had  known  the  accuse!  ,  bout  three  years, 
and  saw  him  first  that  day  standing  with  a 
motor  cycle  on  the  nad  ne.i>  Kilmoon.  The 
accused  passed  "the  motor  Curs  in  which  the 
police  were,  and  went  on  towards  Kilmoon 
and  Ashbourne.  Witne.^  afterwards  saw 
accused  talking  to  two  men  4m  the  side  of  the 
road,  and  saw  him  a  third  time  nearer  Ash- 
bourne, when*  he  left  his  </<yc!e  and  went 
across  the  fields.  The  ncvused'  waved  his 
hands.  Shortly  afterwards  thore  was  a  fusi- 
lade  of  bullets  against  the  vobVe.  The  police 
were  practicaUv  in  a  trap,  btV'ng  fired  upon 
from  every  direction.  The  fi^ltHng  continued 
from  noon  till  about  5  p.m.,  ijfen  the  police 
eurrendererd,  having  no  hmm-  ammunition. 
The  County  irt potior,  the  Di&*vvfcfc  Inspector 
two  sergeant,  and  four  constabh*  *sere  killed, 
aud  about  16  met,  rts^c'sdu    lh\-  the  fight- 


ing witness  saw  the  accused  talking  to  a  num- 
ber of  men  in  the  Irish  Volunteer  uniform. 

Constable  William  Gray,  R.I.C.,  Ke.ls,  gave 
corroborative  evidence,  identifying  the  ac- 
cused as  being  present  at  the  spots  already 
alluded  to.  The  police  were  not  fired  on 
from  the  rear  until  a  quarter  of  an  hour  be- 
fore the  end  of  the  fight.  All  the  firing 
before  that  came  from  the  direction  of  Kil- 
moon and'  from   the  right  and  left  front. 

THE    BATTLE    BETWEEN    POLICE    AND 
REBELS. 

Constable  Oliver  Watson,  R.I.C.,  Kells, 
said  that  he  was  one  of  the  police  party  that 
left  Slane  on  the  morning  of  the  28th  April 
on  motor  cars  for  Ashbourne.  He  saw  the 
accused  at  twelve  o'clock  that  day  where  the 
battle  took  place.  The  accused  was  standing 
on  the  side  of  the  road  where  he  saw  hit» 
that  evening  after  the  battle  at  Rath  Cross. 
The  battle  between  the  police  and  the  rebels 
was  a  hot  one.  It  went  on  for  five  hours. 
He  estimated  that  there  were  forty  rebels 
between  himself  and  the  police  barracks  at 
Kilmoon.  Witness  kept  firing  as  long  as  his 
ammunition  lasted,  after  which  ne  surrendered 
with  the  other  police.  When  he  surrendered 
he  was  taken  to  Rath  Cross,  and  there  he 
saw  a  lot  of  wounded'  men  and  Mr.  Quigley. 
He  saw  Mr.  Quigley  naltcd  by  a  man  whom  he 
afterwards  learned  was  named  Ashe.  Ashe, 
apparently,  was  a  commander,  and  was  in 
uniform.  Quigley  said  to  Ashe — "  Don't  mind' 
soe ;  I  am  an  independent  man.  I  am  a 
county  road  surveyor."  Quigley  gave  Asha 
a  red  card.  1'he  prisoner  dia  not  shake 
hands  with  Ashe  in  witness's  presence. 

Constable  Eugene  Brattan,  R.I.C.,  Navan. 
gave  evidence  as  to  having  seen  the  accuser 
on  the  road  near  Ashbourne  with  his  motot 
cycle.  Witness  was  taken  prisoner  by  the 
rebels  about  an  hour  after  the  fight  started. 
He  was  detained  about  half  an  hour,  and  the 
rebels  then  told  him  to  go  and  sit  in  a  field 
at  the  back  of  a  ditch.  (Laughter.)  He  i'.d 
so,  and  escaned  some  time  later,  borrowing  n 
bicycle,  on  which  hi  rode  to  Balrath  Po~\ 
Office  and  'phoned  f~r  assistance.  When  t«* 
returned  to  the  scene  of  the  fighting  at  about 
6  p.m.  it  was  all  over.  Witness,  who  had 
been  in  plain  clothes  driving  a  motor  car, 
found  that  the  car  had  cone  away,  and  got 
another  car,  and  was  in  the  act  of  turning  it 
when  he  saw  Mr.  Quigley  come  to  the  back 
of  the  car  and  look  at  the  number.  Accused 
had  a  pencil  and  paper  in  his  hand,  and  took 
some  notes. 

Sergeant  Terence  MacDermott,  R.I.C., 
stationed  at  Ballivor,  Co.  Meath,  stated  tha* 
he  was  one  of  the  police  party,  and  that  h« 
saw  the  accused  not  far  from  Ashbourne.  Wit 
ness  was  one  of  lho=e  who  surrendered  to 
the  rebels  ne^r  Ashbourne.  A  quarter 
of  an  hour  after  the  conclusion  of 
the  battle  he  saw  the  accused  come  along  the 
road  through  the  Sinn  Fciners,  of  whom 
there  were  about  on^  hundred.  rlhe  accu-ed 
v-*s  not  molested  by  them  ]£«  spoke  to  the 
cotn-mander,  Thomas  A-he,  *nth  whom  he 
Bested   to   be   on   friendly  terms,  because    he 

£  3 


114 


shook  hands  with  him  and  spoke  to  him  for  a 
couple  of  minutes.  Witness  -was  standing 
among  the  wounded  policemen,  trying  to 
assist  them. 

STATEMENT    BY    ACCUSED. 

At  the  sitting  oi  the  Court  on  ihursday, 
8th  June,  two  witnesses  for  the  prosecution 
were  examined  before  the  public  were  ad- 
mitted. 

This  closed  the  case  for  the  prosecution. 
•    Mr.   Hanna  said  the  accused  could  not  be 
examined'  on  oath,  but  he  could  make  a  state- 
ment. 

The  accused  then  read  a  statement,  in  the 
course  of  which  he  said  that  some  time  early 
in  1913  a  corps  of  Volunteers  was  formed  at 
Navan  as  a  counterblast  to  the  Ulster  Volun- 
teers. He  joined  the  corps,  and  was  ap- 
pointed secretary.  A  meeting  of  delegates 
from  similar  corp3  in  the  County  Meath  as- 
sembled in  Navan  to  discuss  the  question 
w  het-her  or.  not  they  should  join  the  Dublin 
corps  of  Volunteers.  They  had  about  one 
hundred  men,  and  they  had  no  fixed  policy. 
The  majority  o":  them  were  incapable  of  mili- 
tary service.  At  their  first  meeting  ne  pro- 
posed a  resolution  of  loyalty  to  the  King  and 
the  Constitution  of  the  Realm.  That  was  de- 
feated by  an  amendment  that  the  matter  be 
left  to  an  All-Ireland  meeting,  and  he  took 
no  further  part  in  their  deliberations.  They 
continued  route  marching  until  their  in- 
structor left  to  join  the  Army  when  the  war 
broke  out.  He  was  anxious  that  Lord  Fin- 
gall  should  take  command  of  the  Volunteers, 
lie  did  not  succeed  in  getting  Lord  Fingall, 
and  he  waited  on  Colonel  Hammr.nd  and  asked 
him  to  take  command.  He  also  refused,  and 
they  tried  to  get  Lord  Gormanston,  but  there 
was  an  objection  to  such  a  prominent  Unionist 
taking  command.  Subscriptions  were  raised, 
and  sixteen  rifles  and  some  ammunition  were 
purchased.  One  of  the  rifles  was  given  to 
him,  but  it  was  out  of  order,  and  the  twenty 
cartridges  remained  in  his  house.  The  rifles 
and  ammunition  were  purchased  openly  '<-L-> 
James  Sheridan's,  of  Navan.  He  had  been 
advised  to  resign  his  connection  with  the 
Volunteers  lest  the  men  employed  by  tlio 
County  Council  might  not  be  pleased  with 
him.  He  did  not  resign,  but  he  took  no 
part  in  the  proceedings  of  the  Volunteers.  He 
never  had'  any  connection  with  the  Irish 
Volunteers,  and  he  had  never  met  or  spoken 
to  any  of  them  as  far  as  he  knew,  with  the 
exception  of  John  McNeill,  who  came  to 
Navan.  Kot  a  single  man  of  those  who  had 
taken  part  in  the  recent  rebellion  was  known 
to  him.  He  had  not  hand,  act,  or  part  in 
the  rebellion  or  the  disturbances  that  took 
place.  He  was  at  Fairyhouse  Races  when  he 
heard'  of  the  outbreak  in  Dublin.  He  re- 
fused to  beliave  at  first  that  it  was  more 
than  a  riot.  He  knew  of  no  Irish  Volunteers 
in  the  County  Meath.  His  alary  would  ac- 
count for  his  movements  every  day  in  the 
tear,  lie  was  engaged  on  the  28th  April  on 
is  offlVial  duties,  and  in  attending  a  meeting 
at  Arcee.  it  was  in  returning  froi"?  that 
meeting  on  his  motor  Meycle  he  met  the 
police  near  Ashbourne,     d)  found  himself  in 


danger  from  the  firing,  and  had  to  take 
shelter  in  a  cottage.  He  denied  that  he  had 
waved  his  hand's  to  the  rebels,  as  stated  by 
the  police  witnesses.  He  had  never  said  that 
the  police  should  not  have  been  driven  in  ears 
that  day.  His  speaking  to  the  "  rebel 
leader,"  alluded  to, was  merely  to  ask  him 
to  allow  him  to  pass  in  order  to  fetch  a 
doctor  to  the  wounded  police  and  civilians. 
He  did  not  shake  hands  with  the  rebel  leader. 
He  had  never  belonged  to  any  Sinn  Fein 
organisation,  nor  did  he  subscribe  to  any 
such  society.  No  man  in  Ireland  knew  less 
about  the  late  disturbance  than  he  did,  and 
he  was  absolutely  h.nocent  of  any  connection 
with  the  outbreak.  As  to  the  empty  gelignite 
box  found  at  his  house  that  was  brought  from 
a  quarry  two  years  ago,  and  the  Volunteer 
button  badge  had  been  given  to  him  at  a 
tobacco  shop.  The  "  Cumann  na  Bhan  " 
circular  had  been  sent  to  his  house  by  post. 
He  had  never  written  or  spoken  a  word  in- 
dicating that  he  was  dissatisfied  with  the 
British  Empire.  He  had  spent  the  greater 
part  of  his  life  in  England,  ana  had  as  many 
English  as  Irish  friends.  He  had  tried  to  join 
the  Army  when  he  was  a  young  man.  If  be 
had  been  accepted  then  his  career  might  have 
been  different  from  what  it  was. 

John  Conroy,"  Assistant  Surveyor,  County 
Meath,  examined  by  Mr.  Hanna,  said  that 
some  roads  in  the  county  were  regularly  in- 
spected by  Mr.  Quigley  once  or  twice  a 
month.  Mr.  Quigley  was  out  on  inspection 
duty  on  the  28th  of  April. 

ACCUSED    NOT    ACTIVE. 

John  J.  Gallen,  Secretary  to  the  County 
Committee  of  Meath,  said  he  was  Treasurer 
of  the  Volunteer  Corps  at  Navan.  Mr. 
Quigley  had  been  president  of  the  branch  all 
the  time,  but  it  was  almost  a  year  since  b.e 
took  any  active  part.  He  knew  that  Mr. 
Quigley  proposed  an  address  to  the  King  de- 
claring their  loyalty  when  the  branch  was 
formed  in  1914. 

Witness  said  that  since  the  war  began  the 
National  Volunteers  had  no1;  been  active,  and 
they  had  no  meetings  since  the  middle  of  last 
year.  The  subscriptions  which  they  had  re- 
ceived came  from  people  of  all  denominations 
in  the  county.  The  rifles  they  bought  were 
still  in  the  hands  of  the  Volunteers.  None 
except  those  that  were  lifted  by  the  police 
were  given  in. 

PURCHASE    OF    RIFLES. 

P.  J.  McQuillan,  publican  and  farmer, 
Navan,  in  his  evidence  statea  that  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Committee  of  the  Navan 
Volunteers,  and  that  none  of  their  members 
had  anything  to  do  with  the  Sinn  Fein  out- 
break at  Ashbourne.  They  were  all  abso- 
lutely opposed  to  the  principle  of  Sinn  Fein. 
He  knew  some  persons  who  were  reputed  to 
be  Sinn  Feiners,  but  none  of  them  were  mem- 
bers of  the  Volunteers  to  which  he  belonged1. 
Noiio  of  his  Volunteers,  with  the  exception 
of  Mr.  Quigley,  had  been  arrested.  He  re- 
membered the  purchase  of  sixteen  ri.les  from 
Mr.  Jamos  Sheridan,  of  Navan.  Fourteen 
were  kept  for  drilling  purposes,  and  two  were 
sent  to  men  at  Kilbarry.     Xhoy  had  paid  £4 

£4 


115 


for  each  rifle.  Mr.  Quigley  was  a  trustee  of 
the  funds,  and  there  was  about  £40  in  bank. 
Mr.  Quigley  had  the  confidence  of  the  people 
who  supported  the  Irish  Parliamentary  Party. 

In  reply  to  the  Prosecutor,  the  witness  said 
that  not  many  of  his  members  left  him  at 
the  "split,""  and  there  was  no  body  of  the 
Irish   Volunteers  near. 

A  shop  assistant  in  the  employment  of  Mr. 
Sheridan,  Navan,  produced  '  n  account  book 
shoeing  a  sale  of  rifles  on  the  12th  August, 
1914,  to  the  Committee  of  the  Navan  Volun- 
teers. 

Mr.  P.  Boyle,  of  Blake,  and  Mr.  John  P. 
O'Brien,  Assistant  County  Surveyor,  proved 
that  the  accused  attended  a  meeting  of  the 
Ardee  No.  2  Rural  District  Counc'l  in  his 
capacity  as  County  Surveyor  on  April  28th. 

COUNTY    SURVEYOR'S    EVIDENCE. 

Mr.  Francis  Bergin,  C  E.,  Acting  County 
Surveyor  for  Kildare,  produced  a  map  show- 
ing elevations  and  measurements  of  portions 
of  the  road  where  the  accused  was  seen  by 
the  police  on  the  day  of  the  fight.  The  por- 
tion of  the  road  to  Ashbourne  known  as  the 
Cauaiway  was  visible  from  the  country  all 
round. 

Joseph  Coiuoy,  a  road  ganger  in*the  em- 
ployment of  the  Meath  County  Council;  gave 
evidence  that  on  the  28th  April,  while  he  was 
at  his  duties  on  the  road  tetween  Balrath 
and  Duleek,  the  accused  came  to  him  about 
11.5  a.m.,  and  remained  with  him  giving  in- 
structions lor  three-quarters  of  an  hour.  He 
left,  going  towards  Navan,  about  12  o'clock. 

MR.    P.    WHITE.    M.P. 

Mr.  Patrick  White,  M.P.  for  North  Meath, 
said  he  had  known  the  accused  since  he  was 
appointed  County  Surveyor,  eight  or  nine 
years  ago.  From  that  time  Mr.  Quigley  was 
always  a  supporter  of  the  Irish  Parliamentary 
Party  and  a  subscriber  to  their  funds.  Win.  . 
the  Volunteers  were  started  at  Navan  the  ac- 
cused took  a  prominent  part  in  carrying  them 
on.  Witness  said  he  was  present  at  a  review 
of  National  Volunteers  at  Slane  about  two 
years  ago.  Mr.  Quigley  was  there,  and  so 
were  many  noblfi  lords,  including  Lord  Fin- 
gall,  Lord  Dunsany,  the  Marquis  of  Headfort, 
the  Marquis  Conyngham,  and  several  minor 
lords.  There  was  nothing  Sinn  Fein  in 
that  demonstration. 

Miss  Quigley,  a  sister  of  the  accused,  said 
she  was  a  qualified  nurse,  and  that  she  volun- 
teered for  war  service  at  the  outbreak  of  the 
war.  She  was  called  up  in  January,  1915, 
and  after  serving  three  months  in  England 
she  went  to  Egypt.  She  had  several  letters 
from  her  brother  while  she  was  abroad.  Sho 
knew  his  views  on  the  war,  and  he  said  to 
her  when  she  volunteered  for  service  that  it 
was  the  best  thing  that  she  could  do.  He 
said  to  her  that  if  she  wanted  anything  she 
was  to  write  to  him  for  it,  and  that  he 
would  be  glad  to  welcome  her  home  as  his 
Inniskilling  dragoon.     (Laughter.) 

Mr.  John  Rogers,  Piercetown,  County 
Meath,  stated  that  he  saw  the  accusec  coming 
along  the  road  from  Kilmoon  police  barrack,  lie 
told  witness  that  he  had  better  not  go  up,  or 


he  might  be  shot.  Both  went  for  shelter 
behind  a  labourer's  cottage,  and  listened  to 
the  firing.  When  there  was  a  lull  they  went 
down  the  road  about  400  yards,  and  both  sat 
on  the  back  of  the  ditch.  When  the  firing 
ceased  Quigley  said  he  would  go  up  for  his 
bicycle,  and  witness  mounted  his  own  bicycle 
and  rode  off  in  the  opposite  direction. 

Nicholas  Kinsella  gave  evidence,  in  which 
he  stated  that,  having  seen  a  man  with  a 
motor  bicycle  coming  across  a  field  which  was 
sown  with  corn,  he  waved  his  arms  to  him  to 
keep  off.  He  found  it  was  the  accused,  who 
came  into  his  house,  and  stayed  for  tea 
minutes. 

DR.    E.    BYRNE. 

Dr.  Eugene  Byrne,  of  Slane,  said  that  he, 
having  heard  of  the  fight  at  Ashbourne,  was 
proceeding  in  that  direction  oetween  2  and  3 
o'clock  in  his  motor  car,  when  he  was  arrested 
by  the  "  Sinn  Feiners,"  and  detained  for  two- 
and-a-half  or  three  hours.  A  "^Sinn  Feiner" 
sat  in  his  motor  car,  and  as  they  were  driving 
along  to  the  place  where  the  wounded  were 
they  passed  Mr.  Quigley  and  another  man. 
The  "  Sinn  Feiner,"  who  was  guiding  him  to 
the  place,  said  that  the  men  they  had  passed 
wanted  a  "lift,"  and  he  stopped  and  took 
him  into  the  motor  car  Mr.  Quigley  said 
he  would  come  and  help  him  to  dress  the 
wounded.  He  also  said  that  he  had  come 
there  that  morning  to  survey  the  road,  and  ha 
added — 'Isn't  it  a  terrible  thing  that  Irish- 
men should  be  killing  one  another  like  this?" 

Thomas  MeGrane,  servant  to  Dr.  O'Reilly, 
said  that  on  the  day  of  the  "  battle  of  Ash- 
bourne "  the  accused  rode  up  on  a  motor 
bicycle  to  Dr.  O'Reilly's  house  at  Ratoath. 
The  doctor  was  not  at  home,  and  Mr.  Quigley 
left  a  message  for  him  that  he  should,  when 
he  came  home,  go  to  Ashbourne  as  quickly  as 
possible,  where  he  was  wanted  to  attend  to 
wounded  police,  and  to  bring  medical  appli- 
ances with  him.  That  was  between  5  and 
5.30  /clock  in  the  evening.  The  doctor  did 
not  reach  home  till  6.30,  and  then  he  went 
off  to  Ashbourne,  taking  two  clergymen  with 
him. 

Patrick  Boyle  was  recalled,  and  he  proved 
that  the  Meath  County  Council,  at  a  meeting 
since  Mr.  Quigley  was  arrested,  passed  a  re- 
solution bearing  testimony  to  his  good  char- 
acter and  to  his  efficiency  as  an  officer;  and 
also  expressing  the  hope  that  he  would  be 
soon  released,  „s  the  Council  believed  there 
were  no  grounds  for  his  arrest. 

Rev.  Mr.  Kinahan  and  Cornelius  Corcoraii 
having  been  examined,  the  evidence  for  the 
defence  closed. 

ACQUITTED. 

The  Court,  having  retired  to  consider  their 
verdict,  returned  after  an  absence  of  abouft 
half  an  hour. 

The  President — Having  considered  all  the 
evidence,  the  Court  find  that  the  sccused, 
James  Quigley,  is  not  guilty  of  the  charge. 
The  finding  is  read  in  open  cct&'t,  J9<3  the 
accused  is  released. 

The  announcement  was  received  witPi  siigM 
F.pplause,  and  the  accused,  having  bowed  tfl 
the  Court,  left  in  company  with  a  UAuuber  ol. 
relatives  and  friends. 


116 


OFFICERS  AND  CIVILIANS  SHOT 
AT  GUINNESS'S. 


QUARTERMA5TERSERGEANT 
ACQUITTED. 

A  General  Courtmartial  assembled  on  Mon- 
day, 12th  June,  at  Richmond  Barracks  for 
the  purpose  of  trying  Company  Quarter- 
master Sergeant  Robert  Flood,  of  the 
6th  Battalion  Royal  Dublin  Fusiliers, 
On  a  charge  of  raving,  on  April  28th, 
at  Dublin,  murdered  Lieutenant  A.  Lucas,  of 
^he  2nd  King  Edward's  Horse.  He  was  also 
pharged  with  having  murdered  William  John 
Bice,  an  employe  of  Guinness's  Brewery,  on 
the  same  date.  The  accused  pleaded  not 
«uiltv,  and  was  defended  by  Mr.  Henry 
Banna,  K.C.  (instructed  by  Mr.  Joseph 
Gleeson). 

The  prosecution  was  conducted  by  Major  E. 
G.  Kimber,  D.S.O.  (instructed  by  Mr. 
Robertson,  of  the  Chief  Crown  Solicitor's 
Office). 

Major-General  Lord  Cheylesmore,  K  G.V.O., 
-presided  over  'the  Court,  and  Mr.  Kenneth 
Marshall  W5»  Judge  Advocate. 

PROSECUTOR'S    STATEMENT. 

Major  Kiaber  stated  the  facts  of  the  case 
for  the  prosecution.  On  the  evening  of  April 
28th,  Colonel  Williams,  who  was  tti  charge 
■?i  the  military  in  the  area  in  *hich  Guin- 
ness's Brewery  is  situate,  c  raered  Captain 
McNamara,  of  the  Dublin  F'i&iliers,  to  place  a 
guard  in  the  malthouse,  which  is  at  the  south- 
v-stern  corner  of  the  premises.  .  Captain 
McNamara  went  th/rre,  with  Quartermaster- 
Sergeant  Flood  (the  accused)  and'  nine  men. 
7'  was  a  pitch  dark  night  and  that  was  a 
matter  to  be  recollected.  The  orders  which 
Colonel  Williams  gave  to  Captain  McNamara 
were  that  he  was  not  to  '-turn  the  snipers' 
6hot~,  and  pot  to  fire  at  all  unless  there  were 
attempts  made  to  enter  the  brewery.  At 
11  o'clock  that  night  Captain  Rotheram  was 
ordered  by  Colonel  Williams  to  take  down 
Second  Lieutenant  Lucas  (who  was  subse- 
quently killed)  to  the  brewe>y,  in  order  to  re- 
lieve Captain  McNamara.  Mr.  Lucas  belonged 
to  King  Edward's  Horse,  and  at  that  time 
officers  had  been  reporting  all  ovr  Dublin, 
and    had    been    sent   to    different   jobs.        The 

£uard  in  the  malthouse  belonged  to  the  Ro)a'l 
inblin  Fusiliers,  and,  of  cour  e,  Mr.  Lucas 
■was  unknown  to  the  company  quartermaster- 
arereeant  or  any  of _ the  guard.  Captain 
Hothw»3i  took  with  hi.n  extra  men,  and  when 
*jr  left  Mr.  Lucas  the  guard  numbered  fifteen 
SJben.  They  were  put  out  at  different  sentry 
»or-ts  in  the  building,  and  thj  orders  which 
SPolonel  Williams  had  given  to  Captain 
{McNamara  were  repeated  to  Mr.  Lucas  in  the 
(Presence  of  the  accused",  and,  in  addition  to 
Stat,  Captain  McNamara  s.ud  it  wai  inad- 
^i:  able  to  open  aey  of  tbo  windows,  but  if  ib 
tons  necesrary  to  /Ire  it  would  be  better  to  fire 
ybrough  the  windows  rather  than  open  them 
j^d  attract  this  attention  of  the  rebels.     He 


also  told  the  accused  that  Mr.  Lucas  was  re- 
lieving him.  the  official  who  acted  as  guide 
told  the  guard  that  there  was  no  one  in  the 
building  except  three  watchmen,  who,  wuen 
they  went  their  rounds,  carried  lights.  it 
seemed  that  lights  were  seen  by  several  of 
the  guard  during  the  evening  from  the  houses 
round,  and  from  the  direction  of  the  adjacent 
distillery.  It  was  feared  that  the  rebels 
might  make  an  attack  on  the  brewery  from 
two  directions,  so  tri.ot  lights  would  cause  con- 
siderable suspicion,  as  they  might  be  regarded 
as  signals.  At  any  rate,  whatever  it  was,  the 
guard  got  into  a  state  of  jumpiness,  and  the 
consequence  was  that  when  Lieutenant  Lucas 
went  round  with  Mr.  Rice,  one  of  the  brewery 
officials,  the  sentries  on  several  occasions  got 
the  idea  that  he  was  a  stranger  who  had  no 
business  there.  The  conversations  he  had 
with  them  were  misinterpreted,  and  they 
came  to  a  conclusion  which  was  utterly  false, 
and,  unfortunately,  it  was  shared  by  the  ac- 
cused. Lieutenant  Lucas  opened  a  window. 
The  men  knew  that  orders  had  been  given 
that  the  windows  were  not  to  be  opened.  It 
looked  very  suspicious.  The  state  of  mind 
into  which  accused  :'ad  Tit  at  that  time  led 
him  to  arrest  Lieutenant  Lucas  and  Mr.  Rice, 
who  were  subsequently  shot.  The  officer, 
before  H&iog  ;hot  s.*fced  permission  to  say  his 
>ra,jerrs,  and,  h°ving  aone  so,  he  said  he  was 
■*orry,  but  "the  boys  led  him  into  it."  Soon 
afterwards  another  officer  was  coming  down 
the  staircase.  He  was  challenged  and 
searched,  and  rushed  at  Use  sergeant,  "in-^k- 
ing  aim  down.  The  mift  of  tne  guard  fired, 
and  the  second  officer,  \  kutenant  Worswick, 
was  killed,  and  also  a  ((  *  lian  who  was  with 
him,  Mr.  Dockeray,  in  employe  of  the 
brewery. 

CAPTAIN  McNAMARA. 
Captain  Charles  McNamara,  5th  R.D.F.,  ex- 
amined, said  that  on  the  28th  April  last  he 
was  in  Dublin  :  he  had  been  ordered  by 
Colore!  Kennard  to  take  fifteen  men  to  Guin- 
ness's Brewery.  He  did  so,  and  he  put  nine 
men  with  the  accused  to  guard  the  malthouse 
in  Robert  street.  His  orders  were  to  occupy 
the  building,  and  not  to  answer  any  snipers 
by  firing,  unless  actually  attacked  by 
the  rebels  ;  not  to  open  the  windows,  and 
to  hold  the  place  during  the  night.  The  rebels 
occupied  some  of  the  houses  all  round  and  in 
frotit.  Fie  was  told  that  the  only  officials  of 
the  brewery  that  would  be  on  the  premises 
were  th»ee  watchmen,  and  that  they  would 
have  lamps.  That  was  knswn  to  the  accused, 
who  heard  the  instruction  and  the  orders. 
He  encountered  no  firing  and  saw  no  lights 
while  he  was  there.  At  11  o'clock  Captain 
Rotheram  came  to  him,  bringing  with  him 
Lieut.  Lucas  and  seven  men.  They  were  con- 
ducted by  a  guide.  He  handed  over  com- 
mand to  Lieut.  Lucas,  and  told  him  what  his 
order'  were.  He  told  him  that  he  was  not  to 
open  the  windows  lest  the  Sinn  Ferners  might 
bear,  hnd  thereby  might  become  aware  that 
the  brewery  was  occupied.  He  also  told 
Lieut.  Lucas  that  in  view  of  the  difficulty  of 
getting;  away  in  daylight  he  fitd  better  get 
out  of  the  building  about  iawrt   All  the  orderj 


117 


that  were  transmitted  to  Lieut.  Lucas  vere 
heard  by  Quartermaster-Sergeant  Flood.  It 
was  a  pitch-dark  night,  and  it  was  possible 
that  Flood  may  not  have  seen  what  Lucas's 
rank.  wa«i. 

Cross-examined  by  Mr.  Hanna,  witness 
agreed  that,  from  the  military  point  of  view, 
this  was  a  difficult  place  to  guard.  It  was 
a  dark  night  and  >'  /ery  uncanny  place. 

In  rep'y  to  the  President,  the  witness  said 
that  he  had  not  known  Lieut.  Lucas  before  he 
met  him  that  night.  He  wore  a  great  coat, 
and  his  rank  could  not  have  been  distinguished 
in  the  dark  by  Sergeant  Flood. 

FINDING    THE    DEAD    MEN. 

Captain  A.  R.  Rotheram,  of  the  10th  Re- 
serve Cavalry,  stated  that  he  was  on  duty 
in  the  vicinity  of  Guinness's  Brewery  on  the 
night  of  the  28th  April.  About  2  in  the 
morning  Lieutenant  Worswick  and  Mr. 
Dockeray  (of  Guinness's  Brewery)  came 
to  him  in  James's  street.  They  said 
a  telephone  message  had  been  received 
from  the  malthouse  saying  that  Mr.  Rice  was 
a  prisoner.  He  gave  Lieut.  Worswick  instruc- 
tions to  do  nothing  till  daylight.  He  received 
no  other  communication  till  3.30  in  the  morn- 
ing, when  he  was  told  that  there  was  a  ser- 
geant outside  who  wanted  to  see  him.  He 
went  out  and  saw  the  accused  and  about 
fourteen  men.  They  seemed  veiy  excited. 
The  accused  reported  to  him  that  he  had 
shot  two  men,  and  that  he  thought  the  malt- 
house  was  full  of  rebels. 

The  Prosecutor— Did  you  ask  him  where  Mr. 
Lucas  was?  Yes,  and  he  said  he  thought  he 
had  shot  him.  He  left  accused  with  his 
picket,  and  brought  some  of  his  men  back  to 
the  malthouse,  where  he  found  the  dead'  bodies 
of  Lieut.  Worswick  and  Mr.  Dockeray  on  the 
third  storey.  On  the  next  floor  below  witness 
said  he  found  the  bodies  of  Lieut.  Lucas  and  Mr. 
Rice,  also  dead.  Witness  put  some  men  in 
charge  of  the  bodies,  and  he  reported  the 
matter  to  Colonel    Williams. 

Cro^s-examined  by  Mr.  Hanna — Lieut. 
Worswick  was  in  command  of  one  of  his 
(witness's)  pickets  in  Watling  street.  He 
had  no  duty  to  do  in  the  brewery. 

Captain  McNam&ra,  recalled,  in  answer  to 
Mr.  Hanna.  said  that  he  had  bee*,1  at  the 
brewery  on  the  day  previous  (Thursddy),  and 
that  he  saw  in  one  of  the  offices  a  box  of 
German  ammunition.  They  were  dum-dum 
bullets. 

HOW   THE    FIRST   OFFICER  WAS   SHOT. 

Private-  Maurice  McCarthy,  of  the  5th. 
R.D.F.,  said  he  was  on  duty  on  the  night  of 
April  28th  under  Sergeant  Flood  at  the 
brewery.  He  was  called  upstairs  by  Flood, 
and  there  he  saw  a  civilian  and  an  officer. 
Be  was  ordered  by  Flood  to  search  a  civilian, 
and  he  did  so,  and  found  on  him  a  bunch  of 
keys.  Sergeant  Flood    turned    an   electrio 

torch  on  the  officer  and  said,  "i  know  you." 
He  took  it  from  the  look  of  the  civilian  and 
khe  officer  at  each  other  that  they  knew  each 
,  ather.       The  sergeant  placed   the   two   men 


together  at  -ome  distance  from  the  windowv 
and  he  (witness)  was  ordered  to  cover  them 
with  his  rifle.  He  kept  them  so  covered  for 
an  hour.  There  were  lights  flashing  oatshla 
the  building,  and  one  of  the  soldiers  said  he 
saw  men's  forms  moving  in  the  darkness  on 
the  road  outside.  Flood  sent  Private  Short 
to  go  out  and  report  as  to  the  lights.  Short 
returned  saying  that  he  could  not  get  out. 

The  Prosecutor — While  you  kept  the  officer 
and  the  civilian  covered  what  did  the  accused 
do?  He  ordered  the  officer  to  take  off  his 
coat  and  not  to  disgrace  it. 

Did  you  see  any  badge  on  the  coat?  There 
was  a  badge  of  some  kind. 

Did  Flood  say  anything  about  firing?  He 
said  he  would  have  to  fire,  as  things  were 
looking  as  if  an  attack  was  going  to  be  made. 

What  happened  then?  The  officer  said  he 
was  a  poor  farmer's  son  and  that  he  waa 
sorry  that  he  had  been  led  into  it  by  others. 

PRAYERS. 

Did  he  say  anything  else?  He  asked  to  be 
allowed  to  say  his  prayers._  The  sergeant  gave 
him  permission  to  say  his  prayers,  and  h® 
knelt  down.  He  was  crying  when  he  got  up. 
The  sergeant  had  his  torch  in  his  hand,  and 
it  was  shining  on  the  officer  all  the  time. 

Did  Flood  give  any  orders?  He  gave  the 
order  to  present  and  fire,  and  we  obeyed  the- 
order. 

How  many  of  you  did  thai?     Five. 

What  was  the  result?  We  fired,  and  the 
officer  fell  down,  and  the  civilian  was  stand- 
ing. W7e  got  the  second  order  to  fire  at  tha 
civilian,  Mr.  Rice,  and  he  fell. 

Did  you  examine  him?  He  did  not  appear 
to  be  quite  dead,  and  the  sergeant  (the  ac- 
cused) gave  me  the  order  to  shoot  at  hira 
again,  which  1  did. 

Did  you  examine  the  bodies?  No;  ap- 
parently to  me  they  were  both  dead. 

What  happened  then?  1  was  moved  down- 
stairs to  another  floor,  and  I  was  nearly  half 
an  hour  there  at  the  window.  We  heard  foot- 
steps in  the  room,  as  from  behind.  The  ac- 
cused  was  with   us  there. 

Did  he  dn  anything?  He  turned  round  and 
shone  his  torch  towards  where  the  footsteps 
were  heard.  I  saw  bv  the  light  of  the  torch 
a  civilian  and  an  officer.  I  could  not  say 
what  the  officer's  rank  was.  _  This  would  h-e 
about  1  o'clock  in  the  morning.  1  had  not 
seen  the  civilian  before. 

THE    SECOND    SHOOTING. 

What  happened  then?  Sergeant  Flood  said 
to  the  officer — "Who  are  you?"  The  officer 
replied,  "  I  refuse  to  say  who  1  am."  He 
refused  to  give  any  account  of.  himself.  By 
crder  of  Sergeant  Flood  1  searched  him,  and 
then  covered  him  with  my  rifle.  Other  men 
covered  th3  civilian. 

Did  the  officer  say  anything?  He  said — "I 
don't  know  who  you  are.  You  may  be  ;Sinn 
Feiners  for  all  I  know.''  Then,  he  made  a 
plunge  at  the  sergeant  and  knocked  him  down. 

What  happened  then?  The  sergeant  said, 
"  Men,  fire."     We  did,  and  both  fell. 


113 


This  was  on  the  floor  bt!<9W  that  on  which 
you  had  shot  the  othe*  two  men?  Yes.  The 
dawn  was  breaking,  and  the  sergeant  said : 
''  We  had  better  get  out  and  report  the 
matter."  I  tried  to  get  out,  but  could  not, 
as  the  doors  were  locked.  I  found  that  one 
of  the  keys  on  the  bunch  found  on  the  civilian 
unlocked'  the  door.  Against  one  of  the  doors 
was  a  metal  drum,  and  S«rgeant  Flood  said 
it  looked'  as  if  it  contained  an  explosive.^ 

In  reply  to  further  questions,  the  witness 
said  that  some  officer  in  the  brewery,  address- 
ing Private  Short,  asked'  him  if  he  was  Irish. 
On  being  told  that  he  was  the  man  said : 
"Then  fire  high;  sure  you  won't  shoot  your 
own  countrymen."  Then  the  officer  stopped, 
and  said  :  "  I  am  sorry  I  have  been  led  into 
it  by  others." 

HAD   NO    DOUBT    HE   WAS  AN    OFFICER. 

Lance-Corporal  William  Thompson,  fth 
Royal  Dublin  Fusiliers,  corroborated  the  evi- 
dence of  the  previous  witness  in  all  particulars, 
except  that  he  said  the  officer,  when  he  was 
crying,  said'  he  was  crying  not  for  himself,  but 
for  his  wife.  He  had  no  doubt  that  the  gentle- 
man was  an  officer,  judging  from  his  uniform. 
When  both  the  civilian  and  the  officer 
dropped  dead,  the  soldiers  left  their  bodies 
where  they  fell.  There  was  only  half  an  hour 
between  the  two  shootings. 

Private  Michael  O'Reilly,  5th  R.D.F.,  in  his 
evidence,  generally  coi  -oborated  the  fore- 
going. 

CONTRARY   OTDERS. 

Private  Murphy  said  t  at  he  was  with 
the  party  in  the  malthous.-.  when  a  strange 
officer  came  to  relieve  Ca  itain  McNamara. 
When  this  strange  oli  cer  (Lieutenant 
Lucas)  took  charge  he  gave  orders  contrary 
to  those  that  Captain  McNamara  had  given. 
He  told  them  not  to  fire  upon  anyone  without 
orders   from   him. 

Were  these  two  persons,  in  your  opinion, 
rebels?     We  understood  they  were. 

Why  did  you  understand  that?  Because 
when  the  officer  came  he  turned  all  the  pre- 
vious orders  upside  down. 

Did  you  fire  on  him?  I  was  covering  him, 
and  so  when  I  got  orders  I  fired  at  him. 

Captain  McNamara,  again  recalled,  paid 
that  when  he  was  leaving  Lieutenant  Lucas  in 
charge  he  told  Flood  his  name.  He  had 
selected  Flood  for  that  duty  because  he  con- 
sidered him  a  reliable  man. 

GUARDING    THE    BRIDGE. 

Privates  Wm.  Hunter  and  Wm.  Fox  also 
corroborated.  The  latter  said  that  while  they 
were  at  the  brewery  a  civilian  came  to  him 
and  said  to  him  that  he  ought  to  be  very 
careful,  because  the  building  was  a  nest  of 
Sinn  Feinera.  When  the  strange  officer  took 
charge  he  placed  him  (Fox)  and  two  other 
men  to  guard  the  bridge  that  crosses  Lie 
canal  near  the  brewery.  While  they  wero 
there  Rice  made  a  dash  to  get  over  the  bridge, 
as  if  trying  to  escape.     Witness  stopped  him. 

Private  Patrick  Short  said  that  a  man  in 
the  brewery  spoke  to  him  about  four  o'clock 


on  the  28th  April,  and  said  that  as  Irishmen 
they  should  fire  high.  He  told  him,  in  reply, 
that  they  would  not.  That  night  in  the  malt- 
bouse  Mr.  Rice  asked  him  and  the  men  with 
him  if  they  were  Irish.  Sergeant  Flood  re- 
plied that  they  were,  but  that  they  were  not 
Sinn  Feiners.  He  was  suspicious  that  the 
presence  of  the  two  men  was  a  trap. 

LIEUTENANT     LUCAS'S     CAREER. 

Captain  R.  E.  Campbell,  2nd  King  Edward's 
Horse,  was  called,  but  did  not  appear.  A 
signed  statement  of  his  was  read.  It  gave  rn 
account  of  Lieutenant  Lucas's  career.  Mr. 
Lucas,  it  stated,  joined  the  reserve  squadron, 
after  having  been  in  the  Officers'  Training 
Corps,  in  April,  1915,  and  was  attached  to  the 
British  Expeditionary  Force.  He  was  sig- 
nalling officer  to  the  regiment.  He  war 
wounded  in  France,  and  was  invalided  home. 
He  joined  the  reserve  in  December  last,  and 
since  then  Captain  Campbell  knew  Lieutenant 
Lucas  and  his  wife  very  well.  He  was  edu- 
cated at  a  public  school,  and  went  to  the 
University.  He  then  went  out  to  Canada  as 
schoolmaster.  He  left  that,  and  went  to 
Montreal  Stock  Exchange,  and  made  a  lot  of 
money  there.  He  married  a  Canadian  lady, 
and  they  lived  in  Montreal.  Regarding  Lieu- 
tenant Worswick,  he  joined  at  the  Curragh  in 
October,  1915,  and  he  was  a  steady,  hard- 
working man.  He  had  travelled  a  good  deal, 
and  had  some  property  in  Canada.  Both 
officers  bore  an  excellent  character. 

This  concluded  the  case  for  the  prosecution, 
and  the  Court  adjourned. 

At  the  hearing  of  the  case  on  Tuesday,  13th 
June, 

Lieut.  Evelyn  Toler,  of  the  Inniskilling  Fusi- 
liers, said  he  had  met  Lieut.  Lucas  at  dinner 
on  the  evening  of  tne  28th  April.  Re  was 
dressed  in  the  uniform  of  his  regiment,  and 
his  shirt  was  the  ordinary  flannel.  He  wore 
the  uniform  collar  and  tie.  He  had  been  in 
mufti  before  that. 

EVIDENCE     OF    THE     ACCUSED. 

Serge&nt  Robert  Flood,  the  accused,  was 
swoin,  and  was  examined  by  Mr.  Flanna.  He 
said  he  joined  his  battalion  in  January,  1899, 
in  London,  when  he  was  fourteen  years  and 
nine  months  old.  lie  had  served  in  South 
Africa,  Malta,  Khartoum,  and  India.  He  ar- 
rived in  Dublin  from  the  Curragh  on  the  day 
following  the  outbreak  of  the  rebellion  in  Dub- 
lin. He  was  taken  to  the  Castle,  and  subse- 
quently had  charge  of  the  arrangements  for 
the  defence  of  St.  Catherine's  Church,  James's 
street.  He  received  orders  from  Capt. 
McNamara  on  Thursday  to  go  to  Guinness's 
Brewery  with  fifteen  men,  and  the  Captain 
told  them  that  they  were  to  take  no  notice 
of  snipers,  unless  an  attempt  was  made  by 
the  rebels  to  enter.  When  he  first  got  into 
the  brewery,  in  the  clerks'  room  he  observed  a! 
box  of  foreign  ammunition  on  a  table,  and  a 
civilian  standing  against  the  table.  He  asked 
the  civilian  what  he  was  doing  with  the  am- 
munition, and  he  made  no  reply.  Witness 
took  the  box  and  gave  it  to  Capt.  McNamara,, 


119 


All  the  men  under  him,  he  believed,  saw  the 
box.  Nothing  happened  on  Thursday  night 
except  that  one  shot  hit  the  wall  of  the  house 
the  men  were  posted  in.  On  Friday  the  party 
were  led  up  into  the  malthouse.  He  remem- 
bered Capt.  MeNamara  and  a  civilian  coming 
to  him.  The  civilian  was  pointing  out  to  Capt. 
MeNamara  the  different  places,  and  he  pointed 
out  to  him  a  small  footbridge  on  the  left, 
over  the  canal,  and  he  said  that  they  expected 
an  attack  on  the  brewery  at  that  particular 
Boot,  and  that  it  ought  to  be  well  watched. 
The  civilian  and  Capt.  MeNamara  went  up- 
stairs to  the  second  floor  of  the  malthouse, 
and  witness  and  his  men  were  shown  the  posi- 
tions thev  were  to  occupy.  Thev  went  up  to 
the  thud  floor,  and  the  Captain  left  it  to  him 
to  choose  which  floor  he  thought  best  for  ob- 
servation. He  chose  the  third.  He  did  not 
know  the  name  of  the  civilian  who  went  round 
the  place  with  Captain  MeNamara.  He  was 
not  the  man  be  subsequently  heard  called  Mr. 
Rice.  They  went  back  then  to  the  clerks' 
room,  and  he  was  ordered  to  fall  in  eight  men, 
and  thev  marched  across  to  the  malthouse  ac- 
comnanied  bv  Captain  MeNamara  and  a 
gentleman  who  he  took  to  be  a  guide,  was  like 
a  clerk. 

THE    INSTRUCTIONS. 

The  witness,  continuing,  said  he  posted  his 
men  in  pairs  at  the  windows  on  the  third  floor 
of  the  malthouse.  The  guide  had  already  said 
that  there  would  be  three  night  watchmen  on 
the  premises,  and  that  they  usually  carried 
lamps.  Capt.  MeNamara  said  that  no  other 
people  were  to  be  allowed  into  the  building 
but  the  night  watchmen.  Capt.  MeNamara 
gave  him  instructions  that  the  windows  were 
not  to  be  opened,  and  that  the  men  should 
not  expose  themselves,  but  to  fire  from  cover 
of  the  side  walls  at  the  windows.  They  were 
also  not  to  reply  to  snipers  or  let  it  be  known 
that  there  was  a  party  of  soldiers  in  the 
brewerv,  but  if  an  attempt  were  made  to 
ru=h  the  brewery  they  were  to  fire.  He  said 
ihat  \(  (he  Sinn  T cinors  were  seen  crossing 
the  road  to  get  into  the  brewery  he  (witness) 
was  to  open  fire  by  pushing  the  rifles  through 
the  glass.  Capt-  MeNamara  later  said  that 
seven  men  would  be  brought  up  by  another 
officer.  Witness  said'  he  acted  under  his 
cdei"3.  and  Cant.  MeNamara  left,  along  with 
the  civilian,  about  8  o'clock.  About  11  he 
heard  footsteps  coming  up,  and  he  ascertained 
that  it  was  Captain  MeNamara  and  the  re- 
mainder of  the  party  of  fifteen  men.  He  haVl 
pn  office)'  and  a  oni'de  with  pitn.  Caotain 
MeNamara  said — "  This  is  the  officer  who  is 
to  relieve  me  for  the  night."  He  did  not  re- 
member if  the  officer's  name  was  mentioned. 
At  that  time  it  was  pitch  dark. 

Were  you  able  to  see  whether  or  not  the 
man  referred  to  was  an  officer?  1  took  it  when 
Capt.  MeNamara  said  he  was  an  officer  that 
lie  was  an  officer,  and  afterwards  1  saw  that 
lie  was  in  the  uniform  of  an  officer. 

WV<ti  Captain  MeNamara  left  had  you  any 
Suspicion  of  this  officer?     None  whatever. 

Thu  witness  here  related  how  he  posted  his 


men,  some  at  the  footbridge,  and  others  at 
the  windows  on  the  third  floor.  The  officer 
then  in  charge  gave  them  instructions  that 
they  were  not  to  fire  until  some  person  was 
«eeii  coming  towards  the  bridge.  This  officer 
moved  out  towtris  the  centr©  of  the  bridge, 
where  he  might  ha\e  been  seen  by  the  rebels. 
It  struck  witness  at  the  time  that  that  was  a 
strange  thing  for  the  officer  to  do,  after  the 
instructions  he  had  received  from  Captain 
McNanara.  Witness  and  the  officer  returned 
to  the  third  floor,  and  witness  took  up  his 
position  at  the  window.  The  officer  seemed 
to  be  familiar  wiih  the  catch  on  the  window, 
and  went  as  if  to  op#n  it.  Witness  said  to  him 
that  his  instructions  from  Captain  MeNamara 
were  not  to  open  the  windows. 

What  did  he  say  in  answer  to  that?  As  far 
as  I  remember  he  opened  the  window,  and 
said — "  I  am  in  charge  here,  and  you  are  to 
do  as  I  tell  you." 

TAKEN    FOR     A     SINN    FEINER. 

Did  you  notice  anything  about  his  manner 
that  struck  yon  as  rather  unusual  in  an 
officer?  Yes.  When  he  opened  the  window  he 
said  that  he  had  been  in  America,  and  that 
he  had  twice  been  taken  for  a  Sinn  Frinrr. 
Then  he  moved  away  to  the  other  end  of  the 
room,  and  soon  afterwards  witness  heard  a 
conversation  giving  on,  and  a  noise  as  Ir  a 
window  was  being  opened. 

And  this  was  co'.itrarv  to  the  ovders  you  h;.d 
got?  Exactly  th«3  opposite.  _  Soon  afterwards 
I  heard  footsteps  on  the  staii>s,  and  I  shouted 
"Halt"  twice,  and  srot  no  reply.  I  went  over 
to  see  who  it  was.  T  turned  my  torch  on  him, 
and  I  saw  a  tall  civilian  whom  I  had  never 
seen  before. 

What  did  you  do  next?  T.  called  the  officer. 
I  could  not  see  hi\n,  and  said—"  Thee  is  a 
civilian  here  He  "'on't  r«.»p!y.  ni.d  1  don't 
know  who  he  is."  The  of  /leer  theu  rame  over 
and  stood  c'ose  to  the  civilian.  I  had  my 
ton?h  still  shining  on  the  ewilkn.  When  the 
officer  came  the  right  of  the  toich  fe.ll  on  his 
face,  and  I  rewsgmsed  him. 

Was  that  the  first  timo  you  had  seen  his  face 
from  the  time  Captain  McNanara  had 
bi ought  him?     Yes. 

Did  you  believe  you  had  seen  hin  before? 
T  was  sure  I  did. 

Where?  On  the  previous  day  we  were  taken 
to  C.uinness's  kpchoon  room  about  7  o'clock, 
and  I  recognise  this  officer  as  the  civilian 
who  had  taken    ns  to  the  luncheon   room. 

Was  he  in  civilian  clothes  ;«t  that  time?  Yes. 

Was  that  the  enly  time  at  which  yon  had 
seen  him  in  civilian  clothes?  On  the  Wednes- 
dav  before  I  thought  1  had  seen  him  at  St. 
Catherine's  Church. 

When  vou  sfc->ne  the  torch  on  the  (wo  of 
then  din  v'cs  c?e  any  look  pass  between 
them?  1  did.  1  saw  a  look  of  recognition 
pass  I'ftween  the  officer  and  the  civilian,  and 
a  sort  of  smile. 

Did   vou   then   mention   to   the  officer   that 


120 


your  instructions  were  that  only  the  night 
watchman  was  to  be  allowed  into  the  building? 
I  did. 

What  did  he  say  to  that?  He  made  no  re- 
mark. I  said  "  Civilians  h^ve  no  right  here. 
You  will  have  to  place  him  under  arrest,  &3  he 
will  not  give  any  account  of  himself." 

Did  the  civilian  say  anything?  I  don't  re- 
member that  he  made  any  reply. 

LIGHTS    OUTSIDE. 

Did  the  officer  say  anything  to  the  civilian  ? 
He  made  a  remark  which  I  did  not  catch, 
and  then  the  two  of  them  moved  over  towards 
mv  position  at  the  window,  and  he  ordered  the 
civilian  to  sit  down  close  just  behind  him. 
About  that  time  one  of  my  men  shouted  that 
there  were  lights  outside,  right,  left  and  front, 
&nd  I  myself  saw  lights  like  signals,  but  not 
military  signals.  1  thought  it  peculiar  that 
the  officer  who  was  close  to  me  did  not  take 
any  notice  of  the  lights.  1  turned  round  to  call 
his  attention  to  them,  and  then  I  saw  him 
bending  down  as  if  in  conversation  with  the 
civilian,  who  had  been  placed  under  arrest. 

What  did  you  do?  Then  my  suspicion  was 
aroused.    1  was  sure  there  was  treachery, 

What  did  you  do?  I  covered  the  officer, 
and  said — "There  is  treachery  Lore,  I'll  have 
to  place  you  under  artest,"  thinking  ul  tha 
time  that  he  was  not  an  officer.  My  opinion 
was  that  he  was  a  civilian  and  not  an  officer. 

Tell  us  the  facts  that  operated  upon  your 
mind  creating  the  belief  that  there  was 
treachery  going  on?  The  first  thing  was  the 
finding  of  the  box  of  foreign  ammunition  in 
1'he  clerks'  room  the  previous  evening;  the 
second  was  that  a  civiliaL  should  be  i.  the 
place  against  the  orders  given,  and  the  third 
Was  that  the  officer  ieooi_rnised  the  civilian, 
and  that  I  saw  him  bending  down  and  in  con- 
versation with  him,  and  also  that  the  officer 
took  no  notice  of  the  fights,  and  that  he  had 
reversed  the  orcieis  given  by  Capt.  McNam&ra. 

When  you  put  him  under  arrest  you  were 
not  aware  <.i  wn>'t  be  said  to  Privates  Murphy 
or  O'Reilly  as  to  (heir  being  Irishmen?  1  w  as 
not.      t   cn!y   heard   of  it  in   their  statements. 

From  the  moment  you  put  him  under  arrest 
did  he  protest  or  remonstrate  with  you  in  any 
wav?  lie  collapsed;  he  made  no.  reply  of  any 
kind. 

The  witness  then  told  how  ',.2  ordcted  the 
two  men  to  '•ve  searched,  and  how  Private 
McCarthy  took  his  revolver,  money,  and  sr.me 
tapers  from  (be  officer,  and  a  bunch  of  keys 
i.om  the  civilian.  He  ordered  the  officer  to 
take  oft  his  "  British  warm"  (ur  overcoat), 
and  in  the  search  he  not  bed  that  be  wore  a 
kind  of  shirt  that  he  believed  officers  din  not 
wear.  That  added  lo  his  suspicions 
Having  searched  the  men  lie  sc:t  Private 
Short  to  'be  telephone  to  communicate  wtth 
Car  lain  McNamara,  «  ho  hid  a.'ked  him  to 
Jo  so  if  Anything  happened  during  the  nitrhfc. 
He  to'd  Fh_f>rt  to  tell  fapta:n  McNamara  that 
they  h&d   an    officer,    cr   rather   a   civilian   iq 


officer's   clothing,   and  another  civilian   under 
arrest. 

Had  Rice  at  that  time  told  von  his  name? 
He  asked  me  to  inquire  by  telephone  about 
his  identity,  and  said  he  was  Mr  Rice.  !  hort 
came  b:.ck  and  said  he  could  not  find  Captain 
McNamara,  that  he  was  not  in  the  luncheon 
room,  but  that  the  person  who  answered  had 
a  shrewd  suspicion  where  he  was. 

When  vou  could  not  get  into  touch  w'th 
Captain  McNamara  what  did  you  determine 
to  do?  T  act.Tfnir  _d  to  get  them  out  of  the 
brewery  tor  el  nxr,  c.d  hand  them  over.  I 
knew  Cere  we.--  i-jr^et  'n  James's  street. 
In  t\e  attempt  to  gel  cut  of  the  building  the 
cml:an  darted  on  r.r,  if  to  make  his  escape 
bv  the  footbridge,  mid  witness  covered  l.im 
with  his  rifle.  He  was  determined  that  the 
man  should  not  get  awav.  and  pdded  t.hp  wit- 
ness :  "  Tt  was  only  restraint  that  I  d;d  not 
fire."  He  said  to  the  civilian  :  "  You  intend 
i  i  cr-.v."1  if  von  can.  WTe  will  go  back  nn 
fio  &*.epr  i.Ed  I  will  keep  vou  there  till 
^jL\vn."     They  go:  back  into  the  room. 

ATTEMPT    TO    REPORT   TO    THE    CASTLE. 

What  d:d  vou  do  th»n?  I  ordered  two  men 
to  cover  them,  and  I  detailed  two  men  to 
try  and  find  a  way  to  gat  out  of  the  buildine, 
and  report  the  whole  occurrence  at  the  Castle. 
Private  Short  returned  and  .-^id  be  could  not 
get  out.  as  all  the  doors  were  locked.  I  saw 
lights  flashing  from  different  directions,  and  I 
thought  there  were  lights  on  the  flfi«r  below 
that  on  wh'ch  we  were.  Private  Rvrne  re- 
'ported  to  me  that  he  saw  a  man  at  *^*>  stabla 
door  opposite,  and  getting  ready  as  if  to  rush 
into   the   place. 

You  had  the  officer  end  the  civilian  still 
covered?  Yes.  I  said  to  them  that  I  was 
sure  that  from  the  time  I  came  into  the  place 
there  was  treachery,  and  that  thev  wpre  not 
gong  to  come  into  the  brewery  and  endanger 
the  lives  of  my  men. 

Did  you  believe  at  that  time  that  an  at- 
tempt was  about  to  be  made  by  the  Sinn 
Feiners  to  enter  the  brewery?  i  was  sure 
ihey  w^re  on  the  point  of  rushing  the  place. 

And,  of  course,  having  these  two  men  tinder 
cover  of  five  of  yonr  men,  weakened  your 
force  considerably?     It  did,  by  one  third. 

Did  vou  inform  the  two  men  that  you  were 
going  to  fire  on  them?  Yes,  I  remember  I 
said,  "  I  ar"  sorry  that  there  is  treachery 
gpiiit;  »n.  Mv  men's  lives  jre  at  stake,  and 
I  will  have  to  give  an  order  to  fire."  I 
thought  then,  and  I  do  still,  that  had  I  not 
dune  so  the  brewery  would  have  been  taken. 

When  you  sa*d  yen  were  going  to  fire  did 
they  :-;:y  anything:  The  officer  said,  "  Don't 
fire  sergeant  ;  1  am  nnlv  a  poor  farmer's  son.'' 
There  was  something  else  said  which  I  cannot 
remember. 

ASKED  LEAVE  TO  SAY  HIS  PRAYERS. 

Did  lie  s-)v  anything  about  Ix-ing  allowed 
to  say  his  prayers.    1  was  on  the  pomt  of  giy- 


121 


ing  the  order.  I  had  sa'd  "ready."  He 
knew  then  I  was  determined,  and  he  asked  if 
he  eon  Id  say  a  few  prayers.     I  said  he  could. 

Did  the  civilian  say  anything?     Nothing. 

After  the  officer  had  prayed  and  stood  up 
again,  yon  gave  the  order?  I  did.  Wheu 
he  prayed  he  got  up  and  stood  at  the  window, 
and  he  was  crying.  I  asked  him  why  he 
was  crying,  and  he  sa"d  he  was  thinking  of  his 
wife  and   child. 

The  men  subsequently  fired  at  your  orders? 
I  gave  the  order  to  fire. 

And  a  second  volley  was  fired  at  Mr.  Rice? 
I  remember  giving  the  order  to  fire.  The  two 
men  were  stand  ng  close  together.  I  thought 
the  men  nearest  to  Mr.  Rice  would  cover  him. 
When  I  gave  the  order  to  fire  the  officer  fell, 
and  the  civilian  was  still  standing  ;  but  when 
the  order  to  fire  was  given  f  thought  the 
full  number  of  shots  had  not  gone  off,  and 
that  was  why  the  civilian  was  still  standing. 
I  gave  a  second  order  to  fire,  and  the  civilian 
feii, 

Wh'le  these  men  were  covered  by  the  rifles 
did  any  man  call  your  attention  to  the  civilian 
moving?  Yes.  Private  Murphy  said  ;  "You 
will  have  to  fire  ;  that  civilian  will  get  away." 
I  saw  the  civilian  moving  as  if  to  make  a 
rush  at  me. 

THE  SECOND   SHOOTING. 

The  accused  next  referred  to  the  incidents 
on  the  second  floor.  Thev  went  down 
to  the  second  floor,  and  were  there 
in  positions  similar  to  those  which 
the  guard  occuoied  above.  They  were  there 
about  twenty  minutes  when  he  heard  foot- 
steps, and  he  shouted  "  Halt  "  twice,  and  got 
no  reply.  He  turned  his  torch,  and  saw  an 
officer  and  a  civilian  standing  in  the  room. 
He  said  to  them  that  his  orders  were  not  to 
allow  any  civilian  into  the  building  but  a  night 
watchman.  He  asked  them  what  they  were 
doing.  They  made  no  reply.  He  called  two 
of  his  men  to  cover  and  search  them. 

Did  the  officer  submit  to  being  searched?  I 
jremember  he  handed  his  property  over  him- 
eelf.  He  had  six  Treasury  notes  and  some 
eilver.  He  had  no  arms,  and  he  had  not  even 
an  officer's  belt  on.  The  civilian  had  keys  on 
him.  The  only  remark  I  heard  from  them  was 
"Sinn  Fritters,"  and  I  got  a  staggering  blow, 
and   was  felled  to  the  ground. 

What  happened  then?    The  men  fired. 

You  had  given  no  order  to  fire  on  this  oc- 
casion?    None  whatever. 

When  you  got  up  you  had  an  opportunity  cf 
seeing  what  had  happened,  and  you  found 
that  the  officer  and  the  civilian  had  been  shot? 
1  did. 

At  the  time  yon  ordered  the  first  two  to  be 
shot  did  you  honestly  believe  it  tjss  necessary 
for  the  salety  of  yourself  and  7*.ur  men?  1 
did. 

Did  you  think  it  necessary  for  the  purpose 
of  carrying  out  your  military  duty?    I  did. 

'Ibis  closed  the  evidence. 


THE    VERDICT. 

The  President  shortly  afterwards  announced 
that  the  accused  had  been  found  not  guilty 
Ihe  result  was  received'  with  applause  in 
court,  and  the  accused  was  released. 

Mr.  Sydney  Matthews  (Messrs.  Hoey  and 
Denning),  for  Mrs.  Rice,  said  that  an  im- 
pression would  be  conveyed  from  the  reports 
m  the  papers  that  Mr.  Rice  and  Air. 
Dockeray  were  in  some  way  connected'  with 
the  Sinn  Fein  movement,  'in  fairness  to  the 
relatives  of  both  the  deceased,  it  was  thought 
necessary  to  refute  anv  such  suggestion.  To 
those  who  knew  them  it  was  unnecessary  >o 
say  that  they  had  no  sympathy  with  the 
oinn  1< ein  movement. 

Mr.  C.  J.  Law  (Messrs.  Malcomson  and 
H" )  "lade  a  similar  statement  on  behalf  of 
ivirs.   Dockeray. 

Mr.  Alan  McMullen,  from  the  brewery,  said 
that  Mr.  Dockeray  had  been  twenty-four 
years,  ano'  Mr.  Rice  sixteen  years,  in  the  slrvice 
of  Messrs.  Guinness  They  were  both  night 
clerks,  ari(}  the  management  had  the  highest 
opinion  of  them.  They  had'  been  speciallv 
selected  for  duty  in  the  brewery  during  the 
lebelnon  .y  having  been  most  trustworthy  in 
every  way.  J 

'•ibis  concluded  the  proceedings. 


LIEUTENANT    LUCAS'S    POSITION. 

tr£ring  Ul\  ^earins  of  a  subsequent 
trial  on  Saturday,  the  17th  June 
the  President  said  he  had  received  soma 
messages    with    regard    to    the  case  of    Lieut 

Brewery  lhe  impression  which  his  friend- 
seemed  to  have  received  from  the  reports  of 
the  evidence  was  that  he  was  in  some  way  Z 

ment  C0n:iec]ted  hwith  th*  Shtn  Fein  move- 
ment     which      he      was      not.     He      wi,hei 

of  tt  '^and  ifcu  Was  the  0Pi™°n 
ot  the  other  members  of  the  Court  as 
well  as  his  own,  that  there  was  no  evidence 
produced  to  the  courtmar.ial  to  give  rise  to 
such  a  suggestion  Ther>  was  nothing  what- 
ever against  the  personal  character  of  the  late 
Lieutenant  Lucas. 


MESSRS    RICE    AND     DOCKERAY. 

The  following  statement   was   published  on 
loth  June  : — 

Messrs.  Arthur  Guinness,  Son,  and  Co 
Limited,  are  authorised  by  Lord  Cheylesmore 
to  state  that  there  was  nothing  in  the  evidence 
at  the  recent  courtmartial  to  justify  any  sug- 
gestion that  either  Mr.  Doekeray  or  Mr.  Rice 
was  in  any  way  connected  with,  or  in  sym- 
pathy with,  the  Sinn  F^  lCjbellion.  He  re- 
grets that  at;y  such  ide«,  -^ould  have  arisen. 
(Signed)     H.    W.   Rknny   Tailyour, 

Managing  Direct*"* 

16th  June,  1916. 


122 


NAVAL  ARTIFICER  SHOT  AT 
AMIENS  STREET 

v 

SOLDIER  CHARGED  WITH  MURDER. 

\  Genera"  Courtmartia1  assembled  at 
Richmond  Barracks,  o„  Wednesday,  14th 
June,  for  the  trial  of  Henry  Joseph 
Wvatt,  a  private  b  the  6th  Royal 
Irish  Lancers,  attachea  to  the  6th  Reserve 
Ke-'iment  of  Cavalry,  on  a  charge  of  having 
mm-dered  Robert  Glaister,  an  engine-room 
artificer,  in  Dublin,  on  the  28th  April.  He  was 
al«o  charged  with  having  attempted  to  murder 
Wm.  Francis  Gray,  hotel  proprietor  at  the 
same  time  and  place,  and  in  a  second  count 
with  having  caused  him  grievous  bodily  harm. 
'I  he  accused  pleaded  not  guilty,  and  was  de- 
fended by  Second  Lieut.  J.  P.  Coghlan, 
Bamster-at-Law. 

Major  E.  G.  Kimber,  D.S.O.,  conducted  the 
case  for  the  prosecution  .- 

Major  General  Lord  Lheylesmore,  K.C.  V.U., 
presided   over   a  Court   of   twelve  officers 

Lieut.  Noras  Goddard,  R.N.R.,  attended  on 
behatf  of  the  Naval  authorities. 

Wm.  Francis  Gray,  proprietor  of  the  Nor- 
thern Hotel,  Amiens  street,  stated  that  about 
6.30  p.m.  on  Friday,  April  28th,  he  was  seated 
along  with  some  guests  at  his  hotel  on  a  seat 
outside  the  door.  The  accused  was  on  sentry 
in  the  immediate  vicinity.  Mr.  Glaister  pro- 
posed to  him  (witness)  that  they  should  stroll 
down  the  street,  everything  being  at  the  time 
Tery  quiet.  They  had  not  proceeded  many 
paces  when  the  accused  challenged  them  to 
Lit,  which  thev  did.  He  put  his  rifle  against 
Otaister's  chest  and  fired.  Witness  thought 
the  man  was  joking,  and  Glaister  pushed  tne 
weapon  aside,  with  the  result  that  the  charge 
went  through  Glaister's  arm.  He  fell  on  his 
knee,  but  soon  recovered  himself,  and  witness 
and  the  wounded  man  walked  back  to  tiy< 
hotel.  They  were  going  up  the  steps  when  the 
sentry  fired  again,  but  did  not  hit  either  of 
them!  Thev  were  closing  the  door  when  the 
arroRed  asain  nnt  his  rifle  up  to  Glaister's 
rhe-t  and  shot  him  dead.  He  also  pointed  the 
weapon  at  him  (witness),  and  probably  wotrtc 
have  shot  him  too,  were  it  not  that  a  waitress 
turned  the  weapon  off.  The  accused  entered 
the  hotel,  and  ordered  everyone  in  the  house 
to  eo  upstairs.  Mrs.  Gray  took  her  children, 
and  as  she  was  proceeding  up  the  stairs  the 
ni'u^ed  hied  at  her.  When  he  had  done  this 
the  accused  said— "  These  officers  are  great 
lellows;  but  1  can  show  you  what  a  private 
ran  do!  I  would  do  tbe  same  to  General 
friend."  The  accused  was  excited,  ami  ap- 
ijearPQ  to  have  '..ad  some  drink.  The  accused 
jired  five  shot.,  altnizethe'-—  two  in  the  street, 
one  that  kil!.-d  Glaister,  .x?e  »*  witness  and 
one   at   Mrs    Gray 

Private  Smith,  12th  Lancers,  stated  t'.a1  he 
»as  on  rtutv  plout  sixty  yards  from  the  .  or- 
tliern  lb-lei.  <  „■  .;.v  *V>  accused  fire  2  shot 
at  a  naval  ofriv*,  who  riz  si.-nuSne  on  the 
#tep?  of  the  hotel  door.  3e  nsk^d  *,he  accused 
What  the  matter  was,  ind  he  implied  that  he 
bad  (  halleng.-d  the  man.  and  that  he  had  re- 
fused  to  a:^wix;   t'^at  he  {accused)  had   brat 


fired  over  the  man's  head,  and  then  fired  at 
him.  He  went  into  the  hotel  and  saw  the 
naval  officer  lying  on  the  floor. 

In  reply  to  Lieut.  Coghlan,  the  witness  said 
the  orders  he  had  received  when  going  on 
duty  was  that  all  doors  and  windows  were  to 
be  kept  closed,  and  that  nobody  was  to  be 
allowed  on  tli 3  streets  except  those  who  had 
passes  from  the  Casth?.  He  entered  the  hotel 
with  the  accused,  but  he  saw  nobody  in  the 
hotel  but  the  naval  officer.  The  accused  did 
not  fire  in  the  hotel. 

The  President — In  your  previous  statement, 
which  yoi  signed,  you  said  you  saw  the  ac- 
cused fire  one  round  at  a  woman  on  the  way 
upstairs  in  the  hotel?  No,  sir,  I  did  not  say 
that.     1  was  told  thn4,  he  fired  at  a  woman. 

EXCITED    BUT  SOBEft. 

The  President — Your  previous  statement 
is : — "  The  accused  appeared  very  excited, 
but  he  did  not  appear  to  be  drunk.  He  tired 
one  round  at  a  woman  running  upstairs.  She 
had  twe,  children  with  her  at  the  time."  Now 
you   say  that   is   all    incorrect?     Yes,    sir. 

Lance-Corporal  Smedley  said  he  was  one  of 
the  picket  in  Amiens  street  The  accused  was  in 
a  very  excited  condition,  but  quite  sober,  lie 
said  that  the  naval  officer  defied  him.  He  did 
not  say  that  in  his  original  statement,  because 
he  was  confused. 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  Lyncl  whose  residence  is 
next  to  the  hotel,  said  she  saw  an  altercation 
going  on  between  the  sentry  and  the  naval 
officer,  and  she  sa-w  the  sentry  fire  at  the 
man. 

What  happened  then?  The  sentry  stood 
behind  the  naval  officer  and  struck  him  on  the 
wrist,  and  said  "  Gne,  two,  three,"  and  a 
second  shot  was  tired. 

Did  the   accused    fire  into   the   hotel?     Yes. 

Captain  Clarke,  R.A.M.C,  said  he  had  seen 
the  naval  officer,  and  heard  him  challenged  by 
the  sentry.  Almost  immediately  he  heard  a 
shot,  and  again  a  second  shot.  When  witness 
looked  back  he  saw  the  sentry  on  the  steps 
of   the   hotel. 

Was  the  man  defying  the  sentry?  YTes.  He 
was  disobeying  orders,  1  saw  no  one  else  in 
the  street. 

In  reply  to  the  President,  the  witness  'rid 
he  had  come  out  of  the  railway  station  ;  he 
made  no  inquiry  as  to  what  happened,  and 
walked  on  not  knowing  whether  the  man  had 
been  shot  or  not. 

Captain  Gafhkin,  R.A.M.C,  stated  that  he 
saw  the  dead  body  of  Glaister  at  the  hotel. 
Death  was  caused  by  a  gun  shot  wound,  ^he 
accused  was  at  the  hotel. 

What  condition  was  he  in?  He  was  very 
excited,  and  apparently  labouring  under  emo- 
tion. He  was  sober.  He  did  not  think  the 
shot  was  fired  at  close  range  as  there  was  00 
mark  on  deceased's  clothes.  1  here  had  been 
three  or  four  cases  in  the  same  area  where 
the  men   had  been  drunk. 

Capt.  K  Biyee  Wilson.  5th  Royal  Irish  Rifles, 
who  was  in  command  at  Amiens  street  Station, 
s.iid  the  accused  was  in  his  detachment.  The 
accused  was  brought  before  him  by  l-ance- 
Corpoial  Smfedley,  who  charged  him  with  Lav- 


123 


ing  shot  a  naval  man.  Witness  placed  tho 
man  under  arrest  and'  had  h;'n,  brought  be- 
fore  the    senior   officer. 

The  President — Were  any  orders  given  with 
regard  to  shooting?  Yes.  1  am  very  parti- 
cular about  that.  I  sent  word  that  there  was 
to  be  no  shooting,  except  at  snipers  in  the  day 
time,  unless  in  very  grave  circumstances  ;  and 
especially  that  there  should  be  no  shooting 
against  unarmed  citizens.  The  accused  stated 
that  he  took  the  deceased  for  a  postman. 

ACCUSED'S    VERSION. 

The  accused  was  examined  on  oath.  He 
stated  that  it  was  about  6.30  p.m.  when  he- 
was  standing  about  fifteen  yards  from  tho 
Northern  Hotel.  He  saw  seven  or  eight  per- 
sons come  out  of  the  hotel,  some  ladies  being 
among  them,  tie  ordered  them  to  get  back, 
and  all  obeyed  the  order  except  the  man  in 
blue,  whom  he  took,  at  the  time  to  be  a  rail- 
way official.  He  told  the  man  several  times 
to  "  get  back,"  and  he  refused,  saying  that 
he  was  a  naval  man.     Witness  told  him   that 

he  had  his  orders.    "Damn  your  b orders, 

vou  don't  stop  me,"  replied  the  naval  officer. 
Witness  again  challenged  him  and  told  him 
to  "  get  back,"  and  he  still  refused.  He  edge  \ 
tack  a  pace  or  two,  but  still  defied  witness. 
Witness  fired  over  him,  and  the  man  wert 
back  slowly  to  the  steps  of  the  hotel.  "  He 
then  called  me  a  clog,"  said  witness,  and 
added,  "  You  don't  frighten  me.  Fire  away." 
And  he  also  said',  "If  that  is  all  you  can  do 
try  another  shot."  I  then  fired  again,  on  the 
doorstep,  continued  witness,  and  I  saw  him 
disappear  into  the  hall.  He  denied  making 
the  statement  with  regard  to  General  Friend 
that  Mr.  Gray  said  he  made.  In  reply  to 
qnestions,  the  witness  said  that  he  got  a  cup 
of  tea  from  a  house  i1  Talbot  street  about  four 
o'clock  that  day,  and  that  f.me  time  after 
having  taken  it  he  felt  a  "  little  strange." 
Shots  were  fired  by  snipers  on  the  roofs  dur- 
ing the  day. 

i'he  President — What  were  your  orders 
about  shooting?     To  let  nobody  past  the  post. 

And  about  shooting?  If  people  refused  to 
obey  orders?  If  they  refused  to  obey  orders, 
to  fire  on  them. 

CONTRADICTORY    STATEMENTS. 

That  is  a  distinct  contradiction  of  whit 
your  officer  and  other  witnesses  have  said. 
You  admit  firing  three  shots  indiscriminately 
without  aiming  at  anybody?  Y'es.  1  fired  to 
frighten  him.  Did  you  consider  it  your  duty 
to  fire  after  having  received  the  orders  you 
had  received?  Yes;  to  fire  if  they  refused  to 
obey  orders. 

Who  ftave  you  tho=e  orders  about  firing? 
Lance-Corporal    Smedley. 

You  never  fired  in  the  hotel?     No. 

After  you  fired  the  third  shot  did  you  hear 
any  other  shot  fired?     I  cannot  say  that  I  did'. 

Private  Mines,  who  was  on  drily  in  Talho* 
street  at  the  time  of  this  ©ccuf-ajv-*,  stal#$ 
that  he  saw  nobody  sitting  outside  the  hotel. 

In  answer  to  Maior  Kiiiber,  the  witness 
paid  that  he  was  with  the  accused  all  that 
day.        'Ihe   accused    did  not    fire    upon   any 


sniper  that  day.  Witness  himself  fired  three 
times  pt  snipers,  but  the  accused  difi  not  tire 
at  all. 

Private  McLeesh  said  the  accused  told  him 
that  he  had  challenged  the  naval  man,  and 
that  he  fired'  one  or  two  shots,  but  that  the 
2*tal  shot  was  fired  afterwards. 

Major  Kimber— Are  you  sure  he  said  that 
he  fired  at  the  naval  officer?  He  simpiy 
stated  that  he  fired  at  the  naval  officer. 

Two  other  private  soldiers  and  two  con- 
stables having  been  examined,  the  evidence  for 
the   defence   closed. 

SENTENCE  OF  FIVE  YEARS'  FENAL, 
SERVITUDE. 

On  Thursday,  22nd  June,  the  result  of  the 
trial  was  announced  in  an  official  report 
issued  from  the  Military  Headquarters,  as  fol- 
lows : — 

Private  Henry  Joseph  Wyatt,  5th  Royal 
Irish  Lancers,  was  tried  on  the  13th  and  14th 
instant.  He  was  found'  guilty  of  the  man- 
slaughter of  Robert  Glaister,  an  engine  room 
ss-rtificer,  Royal  Navy,  and  sentenced  to  penal 
servitude  for  five  years,  which  was  confirmed 
by  the  General  Officer  Commanding-in-Chief. 


ATTEMPTED  GUN-RUNNING  IN 
IN  CO.  KERRY. 


THE  LANDING  OF  CASEMENT. 

A  General  Courtmartial  at  Rich.nrnd  Bar- 
racks on  Friday,  16th  June,  began  the  trial 
of  Austin  Stack,  solicitor's  clerk,  residing  at 
Tralee,  and  Cornelius  Collins,  clerk  in  "the 
General  Post  Office,  Dublin,  residing  at  500 
North  Circular  road,  Dublin.  The  charges 
against  the  accused  were— (1)  That,  in  or 
about  the  month  of  April,  1915,  they  con- 
spired and  agreed  with  cr'.  tain  other  disloyal 
and  disaffected1  persons  to  bring  about  a 
and  disaffected  persons  to  bring  about  a 
rebellion  in  Ireland,  and  /o  spread  disaffection 
such  act  being  of  such  a  nature  as  to  be  cal- 
culated to  be  prejudicial  to  the  public  safety 
and  the  defence  of  the  realm,  and  being  com- 
mitted with  the  intention  and  for  the  purpose 
of  assisting  the  enemy.  (2)  That,  in  or  about 
the  month  of  April,  knowing,  or  having 
reasonable  grounds  for  supposing,  that  certain 
persons,  by  name  Monteith  and  Bailey,  were 
then  engaged,  contrary  to  the  regulations  for 
the  defence  of  the  realm,  in  the  importatios 
of  arms  and  ammunition  into  Ireland,  "ithoni 
previous  permit  of  the  competent  military  or 
naval  authority — which  said  arms  and  am- 
munition, as  they  (the  accused)  then  well 
knew,  or  had  reasonable  grounds  for  suppos- 
ing, were  intended  to  be  used  in  aid  and  In 
furtherance  of  the  rebellion  in  Ireland — ttwv 
did  harbour  the  said  persons,  Monteith  end 
Bailey,  srch  act  being  calculated  to  be  pre- 
judicial to  the  public  safety  and  the  defence 
of  the  realm,  and  being  commuted  with  the 
intention  and  for  the  purpose  of  assisting 
the  enemy. 

Major-General  Lord  Cheylesmore,  K.C.V.Q. 


134 


presided,    and    Mr.     Kenneth    Marshall    wa^ 
Judge  Advocate. 

Major  E.  G.  Kimbei-,  D.S.O.,  conducted  the 
prosecution. 

Mr.  E   J.  McElligott,  K.C.,  and  Mr.  Arthur 
Clery     (instructed    by    Mr.    John    O'Connell, 
LL.D.,  Tralee)  appeared  for  the  accused. 
CASE      FOR     THE     PROSECUTION. 

Major  Kimber  stated  the  case  for  the  pro- 
secution. Stack,  he  said,  was  a  well  known 
commander  of  the  Irish  Volunteers,  and 
Collins  was  a  clerk  in  the  employment  of 
His  Majesty  i-n  +he  Dublin  Post  Office.  Ihs 
events  which  brought  about  the  charge 
occurred  immediately  before  the  rebellion. 
They  were  charged  with  doing  acts  that  were 
calculated  to  assist  the  enemy.  They  were 
in  touch  with  people  who  came  to  this 
country,  accompanied  by  German  officers  and 
German  bmejackets,  who  were  taken  pri- 
toners  at  Cork  and  interned.  Counsel  de- 
scribed the  movements  and  sinking  of  the 
arms  ship,  and  the  landing  and  capture 
of  Casement,  and,  continuing,  said 
the  next  part  of  the  story  was  picked  up 
at  Tralee,  where  early  that  morning  two 
strangers  entered  a  newspaper  shop  and 
asked  to  be  directed  to  the  local  commandei 
of  the  Irish  Volunteers.  One  of  them  gavi. 
the  name  of  Murray,  but  it  afterwards  turned 
out  that  his  real  name  was  Monteith.  The 
other  gave  the  name  of  Mulcahy,  and  he 
turned  out  to  be  Bailey,  who  was  afterwards 
charged  in  London.  Messages  were  sent  out, 
and  the  result  was  that  the  two  accused  men 
arrived  at  the  shop.  Stack,  Collins, 
and  Monteith  shut  themselves  up  in  the 
parlour,  and  Bailey  remained  in  the  kitchen, 
where  all  four  had  been  first.  The  first  man 
to  leave  was  Stack,  who  went  to  engage  a 
motor  car.  Then  Bailey  and  Collins  left,  and 
Monteith  remained  in  the  house  and  had  re- 
freshments. Meanwhile,  the  Irish  Volunteers 
had  assembled,  and  he  was  taken  to  the  hall 
of  the  Hibernians.  At  11  o'clock  that  morn- 
ing Stack,  Bailev,  and  Collins  set  out  in  a 
motor  car  for  Bailyheigue. 

HUE    AND   CRY    RAISED. 

Returning  to  the  events  on  the  shore,  the 
Prosecutor  said  that  when  the  boat  was  found 
a  hue  and  cry  was  raised.  The  police  were 
sent  out,  and  a  sergeant  and  a  constable 
found  Casement  in  an  old  fort  between  Curra- 
hane  and  Ardfert.  He  had  with  him  some 
sandwiches  made  of  German  sausage  and 
Dlack  bread.  Prosecutors  theory  was  that 
Stack  and  Collins  had  set  out  to  search  foi 
Casement,  and  twisted  and  turned  through 
the  country,  but  they  were  met  by  the  police 
everywhere  and  searched.  They  were  driven 
to  return  to  Tralee  without  finding  Casement. 
At  six  o'clock  that  evening  Head  Constable 
Kearney  arrested  Collins  in  a  pubUc-nouse  in 
Tralee.  Q&Mdb  said  that  lie  had  come  to 
Tralee  tni  nig'-*  before  on  a  holiday,  and 
that  he  haf  been  out  for  a  motor  drive  with 
Stack  and  Mulcahy.  who,  he  said,  Jived  in 
Mountjoy  street,  Dublin.  Collins,  when 
searched,  had  a  Browning  revolver,  55  rounds 
of  ammunition,  £db,  arid  an  English  G«rman 


dictionary  in  his  possession.  Stack  came  to 
the  police  station  to  see  Collins,  and  he  was 
there  and  then  arrested.  A  number  of  docu- 
ments were  found  at  Stack's  lodgings  in 
Tralee.  Among  them  was  a  letter  from 
Liberty  Hall,  sirred  James  Connolly,  in  which 
it  was  stated —  ti  is  not  our  purpose  to  dis- 
rupt, but  rather  to  enforce  and  strengthen 
the  true  National  movement,  and  in  a  town 
the  size  of  Tralee  there  is  no  necessity  for  any 
other  military  body  than  the  Volunteer  Corps 
which  has  stood  out  so  splendidly  by  the  true 
Irish  ideal — the  corps  that  yea  command." 
Attached  to  that  letter  was  a  piece  of  printed 
matter  in  these  words— "  The  humanising  of 
war — you  might  as  well  talk  of  humanising 
hell!  When  a  silly  ass  at  The  Hague  got  up 
and  talked  about  the  amenities  of  civilised 
warfare,  and  putting  your  prisoners'  feet  in 
hot  water,  and  giving  them  gruel,  my  reply, 
I  regret  to  say,  was  considered  totally  unfit 
for  publication.  As  if  war  could  be  civilised  ! 
If  I  am  in  command  when  war  breaks  out,  I 
shall  issue  as  my  orders : — The  essence  of  war 
is  violence  ;  moderation  in  war  is  imbecility  ; 
hit  first,  hit  hard,  and  hit  everywhere.  .  . 
If  you  rub  it  in  both  at  home  and  abroad  that 
you  are  ready  for  instant  war  with  every  unit 
of  your  strength  in  the  first  line,  and  intend 
o  be  first  in,  hit  your  enemy  in  the  belly, 
and  kick  him  when  he  is  down,  and  boil  your 
prisoners  in  oil  (if  you  take  any),  and  torture 
his  women  and  children ;  then  people  will  keep 
clear  of  you." 

Other  documents  consisted  of  maps  showing 
parts  of  Tralee,  telegraph  and  telephone 
wires — in  order,  no  doubt,  that  they  might  be 
readily  cut.  He  submitted  to  the  Court  that 
the  plan  found  was  one  to  assist  thj  landing. 
Further,  there  was  a  code  ar'angement,  and 
information  as  to  food  supplies  and  other 
matters. 

THE  EVIDENCE. 
Frank  Goodwin,  a  pilot,  residing  at  Scrag- 
gen  Point,  Tralee  Bay,  answering  Major  Kim- 
ber, told  how  he  watched  the  strange 
boat  in  Tralee  Bay.  She  was  painted 
black,  with  a  black  funnel  which  had 
a  white  band'  on  top  of  it.  1  wo  Hags  were 
painted  on   her  sides — the  Norwegian  flag. 

John  McCarthy,  farmer,  Currahane;  Mary 
Gorman,  servant,  Ardfert;  and  Sergeant 
Thos.  Hearn,  R.I.C.,  stationed  at  Ardfert, 
repeated'  the  evidence  given  by  them  at  the 
trial  of  Casement. 

('(instable  Wm.  Larke,  R.I.C.,  stationed  at- 
Ardfert,  corroborated  the  evidence  of  Ser- 
geant Hearn  as  to  the  finding  of  articles 
on  the  Currahane  Strand,  and  the  taking  of 
them  to  the  police  station. 

Constable  Bernard  Reilly,  stationed  at  Ard- 
fert, also  corroborated  the  sergeant's  evidence 
as  to  the  finding  of  Sir  Roger  Casement  in 
McKenna's  fort. 

Maurice  Moriarty,  a  chauffeur,  in  the  em- 
ployment of  Mr.  Nolan,  Tralee,  ntat?d  that  on 
the  21st  April  hs  drove  Stack  out  along  the 
road  from  Tralee.  They  met  two  men  on  th« 
road,  and  Stack  said  he  was  to  pick  them  up. 
The  men,  one  of  vhom  was  Collins,  got  ml* 
the  car;  the  oi-W  was  ii&ilej. 


125 


Sergeant  Daniel  Crowley,  R.I.C.,  deposed 
to  having  met  the  motor  car  at  Banna 
Strand.  He  saw  two  men  in  the  car,  one 
of  whom  he  had  seen  since  at  Bow  street, 
London,  where  his  name  was  given  as  Bailey. 

Constable  Neazer,  Tralee,  said  Collins 
gave  his  correct  name  and  address  when 
asked.  He  said  that  he  had  been 
stopped  by  the  police  at  several 
places,  and  that  he  intended  to  spend  his 
Easter  holidays  in  Tralee,  but  that  he  had 
changed  his  mind. 

Signalman  Waghorne,  of  H.M.S.  Bluebell, 
repeated  the  evidence  that  he  gave  in 
London  as  to  the  overhauling  of  the 
steamer  Aud,   which  was  sunk   by   her  crew. 

THE    ARRESTS. 

Head  Constable  John  Kearney,  Tralee, 
stated  that  he  had  known  Stack  lor  three 
years,  and  that  he  was  the  commandant  of 
the  Volunteers  in  Tralee.  The  wit- 
ness said  that  he  met  Collins  in  Tralee  on 
the  night  of  April  21st.  He  said  he  had  been 
for  a.  TTintnr  rivivp  tn  Ardfert,  Ballyheigue, 
and  Causeway  with  a  man  named  Mulcahy,  of 
Mountjoy  street,  Dublin,  and  Mr.  Stack.  He 
said  that  he  had  met  Mulcahy  once  or  twice 
before.  He  also  said  that  he  had  been 
stopped  and  searched  several  times  during 
the  day.  Witness  arrested  him  on  a  charge 
of  conspiracy  to  land  arms.  He  made  no 
further  statement.  Witness  searched  him, 
and  Collins  handed  him  a  revolver  and  sixty- 
one  rounds  of  ammunition.  He  said  he 
usually  carried  the  weapon  in  Dublin  because 
he  was  out  late  at  night  and  early  in  the 
morning.  The  prisoner  also  had  £35  in  his 
possession.  Among  other  things  found  on 
him  was  a  soldier's  English-German  dic- 
tionary. At  the  police  station  Collins  said 
that  he  wanted  to  see  Stack,  and  Stack  was 
sent  for.  When  he  came  to  the  station  wit- 
ness arrested  him.  He  asked  witness  if  he 
was  serious  in  arresting  him.  He  searched 
him,  and  found  documents  on  him,  and 
others  at  Lis  lodgings.  Among  these  was  a 
map  of  Tralee,  showing  the  post  office,  the 
railway  station,  the  G.P.O.  store  at  the 
station,   and  other   leading   places. 

A    FORM    OF    OATH. 

Witness  aho  found  a  paper  on  wh'ch 
was  written  a  form  of  oath  as 
follows : — "  i  swear  in  the  presence 
of  Cod  that,  If  1  become  a  member  of  the 
Irish  Volunteeis,  I  will  do  all  in  my  power 
to  assert  the  independence  of  Ireland,  keep 
the  secrets  of  the  organisation,  and  obey  the 
commands  of  my  superior  officers.'5  He  also 
i'cund  a  letter  bddressed  to  Stack  from  the 
Irish  Volunteers  in  Ameiiea,  which  con- 
tained the  phrase:  "The  news  from  Ireland 
that  recruiting  is  a  failure  is  very  gratifying, 
and  lias  given  us  renewed  hope."  '1  he  letter 
was  signed  Patrick  Griffin  'Ihere  was  also 
a  letter  from  a  person  in  British  SoulK 
Africa,  in  which  occurred  the  statement: 
"Now  is  the  moment  for  Young 
Ireland  to  asset  t  itself."  'Ihere  was 
a      bundle      of      letters,      all      directed      to 


Stack,  on  matters  relating  to  tne  Volunteers, 
from  members  of  that  body  in  Dublin,  such 
as  Bulmer  Hohson  and  the  late  P.  H.   Pearse 

Cross-examined — You  will  agree  that  the 
newspaper  cutting  which  Major  Kimber  read' 
in  his  opening  statement  is  a  very  brutal 
document?     1  should  say  so. 

Did  the  prisoner  tell  you  that  it  was  an 
extract  from  "  The  Review  of  Reviews "  of 
February,  1910?     No. 

Or  that  the  ar+icle  in  the  "Review"  pro- 
fessed to  give  the  very  words  as  the  senti 
ments  of  Admiral  Lord  Fisher  ?  Yes ;  fa- 
said  they  were  the  words  of  Lord  Fisher. 

Did  you  confirm  that  as  being  cut  out;  o-* 
the  "Review  of  Reviews"  of  February,  191b  r 
No. 

A  copy  of  the  magazine  was  handed  to  wi-> 
ness,  and,  at  counsel's  request,  he  read  iro^ 
an  article  giving  a  character  sketch  o%  LorC 
Fisher  the  par*,  quoted  by  Major  Kimber  iz 
his   opening   statement. 

John  Dempsey,  a  diver  in  the  employment 
of  the  Admiralty  at  Queenstown,  repeater 
the  evidence  given  by  him  at  the  Lasemen- 
trial. 

Mr.  S.  J.  Harrison,  first  class  clerk  in  tb* 
G.P.O. ,  Dublin,  said  that  Collins  had  been 
on  the  Post  Office  staff  at  a  weekly  salary  of 
47s.  6d.,  and  that  he  was  entitled  to  twent*' 
one  days'  leave  in  the  year.  He  had  In- 
choice  of  two  periods — from  the  21st  p" 
March  to  the  13th  of  April  or  from  the  J4t\ 
of  April  to  'he  11th  of  May.  Collins  chose 
the  latter  period,  and  he  went  away  on  his 
holiday. 

Constable*  Daniel  Coffey,  of  the  Dublin 
Metropolitan  Police,  stated  that  he  knew 
Collins  for  the  past  three  years,  and  that  ho 
had  seen  him  several  times  entering  the  house,, 
in  Rutland  square  which  was  the  head- 
quarters of  the  Gaelic  League,  and  which  wjc*. 
also  used  as  the  drill  hall  of  the  Irish  Volun- 
teers He  also  saw  him  in  company  witu 
several  leaders  of  the  Volunteers.  He  alsw 
saw  him  at  a  concert  which  was  given  fo" 
the  benefit  of  the  Irish  Volunteers,  whee- 
John  MacNeill  and  other  Sinn  Fein  leaders 
were  present.  He  also  knew  Monteith,  who 
was  an  instructor  of  the  Irish  Volunteers 
and  marched  through  the  streets  with  them, 
Monteith  had  been  served  with  notice  to  leav«r 
Dublin,  and  he  did  leave,  but  he  returned 
in  August  last,  and  remained  for  a  few  dayy 
He  had  not  seen  him  since. 

Constable  McKeown,  DM. P.,  said  he  ha* 
seen  Collins  at  the  shop  of  the  man  Clarke, 
a  leader  of  the  •Sinn,  Fciners,  who  hai 
recently  been  executed. 

STATEMENTS     BY     STACK     AND    COLi-INS. 

Stack  handed  in  a  written  statement  whi<~S 
was  read  by  the  President.  In  it  he  said  thai 
he  had  a'ways  been  a,  heliever  in  the  ri.L'ht  of 
Ireland  to  -e.?ji?ovornment.  When  the  tn*fc 
Volunteers  were  forme!  with  the  ohject  whim 
their  constitution  states— namely,  to  detend 
and'  maintain  the  rights  and  hheities  t.f  nr 
threatened  by  a  rising  of  the  aimed  Volunteer* 


125 


of  Ulster — he  became  »n  active  Irish  Volunteer. 
When  compulsory  service  was  proposed  he  was 
preparing  to  resist  it  by  means  similar  to  those 
which  the  Ulster  Volunteers  used  against 
Home  Rule.  He  continued  an  ardent  worker 
in  the  Irish  Volunteers  up  to  the  date  t£  his 
arrest.  As  to  Monteith  and  Bailey,  these  men 
may  have  come  to  Tralee  from  some  part  of 
Ireland,  or  from  Timbuctoo,  or  from  some- 
where else,  as  far  as  he  could  see. 

Collins's  statement  (also  read  by  the  Presi- 
dent) "-'.as  that  he  had  been  in  the  service  of 
the  Post  Office  since  May,  1902.  In  April  of 
this  year  he  was  spending  his  annual  ler*7e  in 
Limerick  and'  Ferry,  Limerick  being  his  na- 
tive county.  On  April  20th  he  went  to  Tralee 
where  he  had  been  accustomed  to  go  for  a 
number  of  years  to  spend  portion  of  his  holi- 
days and  in  visiting  friends.  He  had  no  know- 
ledge of  any  contemplated  landing  of  arms  on 
the  Kerry  coast  then  or  at  any  other  time.  He 
had  not  been  a  member  of  any  Volunteer  force 
for  upwards  of  eighteen  months.  As  to  his 
alleged  connection  with  Monteith  or  Bailey  he 
knew  nothing  of  them,  ind  they  might  have 
come  to  Tralee  from  Dublin  or  Cork,  or  any 
other  part  of  Ireland  for  anything  he  knew  to 
the  contrary. 

ACCUSED'S    GOOD    CHARACTER. 

Mr.  M  Flavin,  M.P.  ;  Mr.  Thos.  O'Donnell, 
M.P.  ;  Mr.  D.  J.  Listen,  solicitor,  and  the 
Rev.  Father  O'Quigly,  O.P.,  each  gave  Stack 
a  very  high  character. 

Mr.  Thomas  Hurley,  a  member  of  the  Lime- 
rick County  Council,  and  Chairman  of  the  Dis- 
trict Council  of  Newcastle  West,  Co.  Lime- 
rick, gave  Collins  a  good  character. 

Mr.  Browne,  who  is  in  charge  of  the  Ac- 
countant's Dcpaitment  at  the  O.P.O.,  said  tne 
accused  Collins  was  a  member  of  the 
FtafT,  and  was  a  steady  man  who  did  hi3 
business  satisfactorily.  Until  March,  1915, 
there  was  no  record  against  him.  At  that 
time  it  came  to  the  notice  of  the  Secretary 
that  he  was  connected  with  the  Irish  Volun- 
teers, and  he  was  warned  under  threat  of  in- 
stant  dismissal  to  sever  his  connection  wiLfi 
that  or  any  other  political  movement  with 
v  lii(  h  he  might  be  connected.  He  was,  wit- 
ness thought,  reminded  of  that  warning  once 
fince  March,  1915.  Since  then  the  Depart- 
ment had  no  inhumation  that  he  had  not  kept 
his  p'.omise  to  leave  the   Volunteers. 

SENTENCE   OF    PENAL  SERVITUDE    FOR   LIFE. 

The  result  of  the  trial  was  announced  in  a 
report  issued  from  the  Military  Head-piarters 
en  Thursday,  22nd  June,  as  follows: — 

Austin  Stack  and  Cornelius  Collins  were 
tried  on  the  15th  and  lfcth  instant.  lhey 
Were  found  guilty  of  complicity  !j»  ^j,e 
attempt  to  land  rms  and  ammur"7JK>n  ia 
herrv,  and  of  conspiring  to  bring  about 
Rebellion  in  Ireland.      J  hey  were  sentenced  to 

tenal  servitude  for  life,  which  was  confirmed 
y  the  (Jeneial  Officer  Commanding  in-Lhiei. 


THE  REBELLION  IN  COUNTY 

CORK. 

• 

SHOOTING  OF  HEAD  CONSTABLE  ROWE. 

A  general  courtmartial  assembled  on  Wed- 
nesday, 14th  June,  at  Richmond  Barracks,  and 
began  the  trial  of  David  Kent  on  a  charge  of 
having,  on  the  morning  of  May  2nd,  at  Coole 
Lower,  near  Fermoy,  Co.  Cork,  wilfully 
murdered  Head  Constable  Rowe,  of  the  Royal 
Irish  Constabulary,  while  that  officer  was  en- 
gaged in  effecting  the  arrest  of  Kent  on  a 
charge  of  treason.  There  was  a  second 
charge  against  the  accused— namely,  that  he 
was  aiding  and  abetting  an  armed  rebellion 
against  the  King.  Both  charges  were 
bi  ought  under  the  Defence  of  the  Realm  Act, 
1914.     The  accused   pleaded  not  guilty. 

Major-General  Lord  Cheylesmore,  K.C.  V.O., 
presided. 

Mr.  Kenneth  Marshall  icted  as  Judge 
Advocate. 

Major  Kimb-^r,  D.S.O.  (instructed  by  Mr. 
Robertson,  of  the  Chief  Crown  Solicitor's 
Office),  conducted  the  case  for  the  prosecution. 

Mr.  Patrick  Lynch,  K.C,  and  Mr.  J.  F. 
Moriarty  (instructed  by  Mr.  James  J. 
McCabe,   Cork)    appeared  for  the  accused. 

Major  Kimber  stated  the  facts  of  the  case. 
Early  in  the  morning  of  May  2nd  Head  Con- 
stable Rowe  and  a  party  of  police  went  to 
the  house  of  the  accused,  and  knocked  at 
the  door.  A  voice  from  an  upper  window 
asked,  "Who  is  there?"  and  the  head  con- 
stable replied,  "  Police.  Come  down  and 
open  the  door."  The  voice  inside  the  house 
said,  "  We  will  never  surrender.  We  will 
leave  some  of  ycu  dead."  One  of  the  ser- 
geants with  the  head  constable  advised  him 
to  take  cover,  for  they  would  surely  fire 
from  the  house.  The  head  constable  went  to 
one  side  of  the  yard,  where  there  was  a  gap 
in  the  wail,  and  the  sergeant  went  in  another 
direction.  Almost  immediately  a  shot  waa 
fired  from  the  window  in  the  direction  where 
the  bead  constable  was  ftanding.  A  shct 
was  fired  in  reply  by  the  police,  and  another 
shot  came  from  the  house,  and  in  the  direc- 
tion of  Sergeant  Caldbeck.  He  moved  aside, 
and   the  shot  killed   the  head  constable. 

Police  Sergeant  Samuel  Caldbeck  gave  evi- 
dence as  to  the  occurrence.  He  said  that 
he  was  one  of  the  police  party — four  con- 
stables and  two  sergeants — who  were  with 
the  head  constable  at  the  house  of  the 
Kents.  Four  sons — Thomas,  William, 
Richard,  and  David— lived  there  with  their 
mother.  When  the  bead  constable  knocked 
at  the  door  about  a  quarter  to  four  o'clock, 
and  said  the  police  weie  there,  a  voice  from 
inside  said,  "  We  will  never  surrender.  We 
will  leave  some  of  you  dead."  'Ihen  a  shot 
was  fired  from  the  lobby  window,  which  was 
c  pen  and  witness  replied  with  another  shot, 
lie  did  not  know  what  effect  that  shot  had. 
Another  shot  was  Fred  from  the  eastern  side 
of  tht.  house,  fcnd  witness  was  reloading 
when  be  saw  a  gun  thrust  aeain  tVroniih  the 
open  window,  covering  himself.     A  shot  was 


127 


fired,  and  in  a  moment  a  man  at  his  side 
eaid  that  the  head  constable  was  killed. 
Witness  fired  again,  and  the  firing  was  con- 
tinued until  about  4.50,  when  a  cry  came 
from  the  house:  "There  is  a  man  dying; 
send  for  a  priest."  Witness  said  in  reply 
that  he  would  send  for  a  priest  if  those 
inside  threw  out  their  arms  and  ammunition. 
About  ten  minutes  afterwards  they  flung  out 
two  shot  gu  is,  but  no  ammunition.  The 
military  arrived  about  6.40,  and  one  of  the 
brothers  said  from  a  window  that  he  would 
surrender  to  the  officer.  They  surrendered, 
and  the  four  brothers  and  their  mother  came 
out  of  the  house.  He  saw  that  David  (the 
accused)  was  wounded.  Thomas  had  since 
been  tried,  and  was  executed.  Richard  was 
preparing  to  run  away.  Witness  called  upon 
him  to  stand,  but  he  did  not  do  so.  The 
military  fired  and  wounded  him,  and  he 
died.  William  had  been  tried,  and  was 
acquitted.  The  military  searched  the  house, 
and  found  two  rifles  and  49  rounds  of  service 
ammunition,  and  seven  rounds  of  cartridges 
for  a  shot  gun.  There  were  five  rounds  in 
the  magazine  of  one  rifle. 

Police  Constables  King  and  Norris,  R.I.C., 
gave  evidence  in  corroboration  of  that  given 
by  the  sergeant  The  latter  said  that  he 
found  on  the  13th  January  a  revolver  and 
27  rounds  of  ammunition,  54  rounds  of  ball 
cartridges,  and  409  sporting  cartridges  at 
the  house  of  the  Kents.  There  was  a  shot 
gun  there  which  the  police  did  not  take. 
The  accused  belonged  to  the  Irish  Volun- 
teers. He  had  never  seen  him  in  the  Volun- 
teer uniform,  but  he  had  seen  his  brother 
Thomas  so  dressed. 

Second  Lieutenant  Page  Green,  of  the  14th 
Royal  Fusiliers,  and  Second  Lieutenant 
Chesney,  of  the  15th  Royal  Fusiliers,  who 
were  in  charge  of  the  party  of  military  who 
arrived  at  the  house  of  the  Kents,  gave  evi- 
dence as  to  the  surrender  of  the  accused  and 
his  brothers. 

Dr.  G.  H.  Purcell,  R.A.M.C.,  who  accom- 
panied the  military,  said  the  top  of  the 
head  of  the  head  constable  had  been  blown  off. 

At  the  hearing  of  the  case  on  Thursday, 

Ine  accused  handed  in  a  written  statement, 
in  which  he  said'  that  he  had  not  hand,  act, 
or  part  in  the  attack  on  the  police.  When  he 
beard  the  noise  in  the  house  that  morning  he 
got  out  of  bed  and  went  downstairs  and  was 
shot  from  outside. 

BROTHER'S  EVIDENCE. 
WilHam  Kent,  brother  of  the  accused,  said  hat, 
he  had  been  tried  and  acquitted.  His  mother, 
who  was  the  owner  of  a  farm  of  200  acres,  was 
close  on  ninety  years  of  age.  His  brother 
Richard',  as  a  result  of  an  accident,  had  been 
lor  a  while  in  a  lunatic  asylum.  When  ns 
was  awakened  that  morning  by  the  peculiar 
noise  he  went  out  on  the  landing  and  met  uh 
brother  Richard  there  with  a  shot  fiun  in  hiq 
hand.  He  asked  him  what  he  was  doing  with 
it,  and  the  reply  was  that  the  police  were  out- 
side. Ar.y  shooting  that  was  done  from  the 
house  was  done  by  Richard.  There  were  shoes 
from  the  police  -  'I  round  the  house.  He  heard 
his   brother   (accused)  say   that  he  was  shoe. 


una"  it  was  then  that  he  shouted  out  to  the 
police  that  his  brother  David  was  shot;,  that 
he  believed  he  was  dying,  and  asked  him  if  be 
would  send  for  a  priest.  It  was  then  that  he 
threw  out  the  two  guns — a  rifle  and  a  shot  pun 
—that  he  found  on  the  lobby.  If  he  had 
know  n  that  there  were  any  other  arms  in  the 
house  he  would  have  surrendered  them.  The 
accused  had  no  gun. 

Cross-examined  by  Major  Kimber — It  is  all 
the  fault  of  your  brother  Richard?  That  is 
my  belief. 

Do  you  rvggest  that  it  was  your  brother 
Richard  who  fired  all  the  guns?  1  have  no 
doubt   that  he   did. 

You  will  agree  with  me  that  it  was  strange 
that  there  were  four  men  in  the  house,  and 
four  weapons,  and  that  all  four  had  been  used  ? 
It  is  rather  strange. 

District  Inspector  Lewis  was  called.  He 
said  that  apart  from  this  case  the  accused 
was  a  man  of  exceptionally  good  character. 

The  President  said  this  concluded  the  pro- 
ceedings in  open  Court. 

SENTENCE     OF     FIVE     YEARS' 
PENAL     SERVITUDE. 

The  result  of  the  trial  was  communicated  in 
a  report  issued  from  the  Military  Head- 
quarters, on  Thursday,  22nd  June,  as  follows  :— 

David  Kent  was  tried  on  the  14th  and  15th 
instant.  He  was  found  guilty  of  the  murder 
of  Head  Constable  Rowe,  Fermo;j:  and  of  aid- 
ing and  abetting  in  the  recent  rebellion,  and 
■was  sentenced  to  death,  with  a  strong  recom- 
mendation to  mercy  on  account  of  his  previous 
good_  character.  The  General  Officer  Com- 
manding-in-Chief  confirmed  this  courtmartial, 
but  commuted  the  sentence  to  one  of  five 
years'  penal  servitude. 

TULLAMORE  PRISONERS  DISCHARGED. 

An  official  report  issued  on  Thursday,  22nd 
June,  from  Military  Headquarters  in  Dublin, 
stated  : — 

The  following  prisoners  from  Tullamore, 
viz.  :  James  O'Brennan,  Frank  Biennan, 
John  Delaney,  Joseph  Morris,  Thomas  Du'g- 
gan,  Joseph  Graham,  Peter  Bracken,  Thomas 
Byrne,  James  Clarke,  Henry  MeiNally,  Thomas 
Hogan,  Joseph  Rafter  were  tried  by  General 
Courtmartial  on  the  26th  May.  They  were- 
charged  with  the  attempted  murder  of  County 
Inspector  Crane,  District  Inspector  Fitzgerald, 
and  Sergeant  Ahearn  while  an  attempt  was 
being  made  by  the  police  to  enter  the  Sinn 
Fein  Hall  at  Tullamore  on  2Cth  March,  and 
disarm  a  number  of  men  who  were  in  posses- 
sion of  the  hall,  from  which  shots  were  being 
fired,  and'  Sergeant  Ahearn  received  a  bullet 
wound  which  placed  his  life  for  several  weeks 
in  danger.  The  prisoners,  after  being  brought 
before  the  local  magistrates,  were  handed  over 
to  the  military,  and  at  their  court-martial 
which  followed,  Mr.  Healy,  K.C.,  who  ap- 
peared for  them,  contended  that  they  had 
been  illegally  transferred  from  the  civil  to 
the  military  author '.i-s.  The  General  Officer 
Commanding  in-Chief  has  not  cm  firmed  the 
proceedings,  arid  h?s  orcered  their  release 
from  midtary  custoay. 


123 


SIR  ROGER  CASEMENT'S  TRIilLi 
AND  EXECUTION. 

♦ ■ 

A   HISTORIC  CASE. 

Sir  Roger  Casement  appeared  on  Monday, 
15th  May,  at  Bow  street  Police  Court,  London, 
to  answer  the  charge  of  high  treason  pre- 
ferred against  him  as  a  consequence  of  his 
conduct  in  Germany  during  the  war,  and  his 
landing  in  Ireland  a  few  days  before  the 
rebellion  broke  out.  Seldom  has  a  case 
attracted  so  much  public  attention  as  this, 
in  which  a  British  ex-Consul,  after  an  amaz- 
ing career  in  an  enemy  country,  was  called 
upon  to  stand  his  trial  on  one  of  the  gravest 
charges  to  be  heard  in  British  courts.  Case- 
ment was  brought  from  the  Tower  of  London 
in  a  taxi-cab,  and  to  the  surprise  of  ahnost 
everybody  in  court,  on  entering  tlje  dock,  he 
was  accompanied  by  a  second  prisoner,  who 
proved  to  be  an  ex-soldier  named  Daniel 
Julian    Bailey.  Unkempt      end    unsbaved, 

Bailey,  a  fair-haired,  fresh-complexioned  man, 
about  thirty-five  years  of  age,  to  judge 
by  appearances.  presented  a  marked 
contrast  to  his  fellow-prisoner.  Casement, 
swarthy,  ;.nd  with  sunken  eyes,  his  face  wear- 
ing a  set  expression  of  brooding,  was  well 
groomed  and  distinguished-looking.  Both  men 
bowed  to  Sir  John  Dickinson  on  entering  the 
court,  and  were  allowed  to  be  seated. 
Casement  thereafter  bent  his  tall  figure,  and 
supporting  his  head  with  his  band,  and  his 
elbow  on  his  knee,  followed  the  speech  of  the 
Attorney-General,  in  opening  the  prosecution, 
"with  a  searching  interest.  Bailey,  on  the 
other  hand,  sat  staring  fixedly  ahead  of  him 
throughout  the  hearing..  Once  only  he 
smiled,  when  he  recognised  a  witness  who  had 
met  him  when  they  weie  both  prisoners  of 
war  in  Germany. 

THE  CHARGE. 

Both  prisoners  were  called  on  to  answer  the 
following  charge  : — 

For  that  thov  did.  between  the  1st  day  of 
November,  1914.  and  on  divers  other  occasions 
let  ween  that  day  and  the  21st  day  of  April, 
1916.  unlawfully,  maliciously,  and  traitorously 
commit  high  treason  without  the  Realm  of 
Km:  land,  in  contempt  of  our  Sovereign  Lord 
the  King  aiiri  his  laws,  to  the  evil  example 
of  others  in  like  rase,  contrary  to  the  duty 
and  allegiance  of  the  said   defendants. 

The  case  for  lb.1  Crown  was  in  the  hands 
of  lb'1  Atioinev  General  (Sir  F  K.  Smithi, 
Mr.  A  ft.  Bodkin,  and  Mr.  Travels 
Hnmi  In-  \s. 

(jpfendtns  fhe  a^fu«f>d  men  were  Mr. 
Arlemus  .Innpa  and  Mr.  )  II  Motgnn,  in- 
si  i  in  lei  by  Mr.  George  Gavart  Dully. 

SIR   F.   E.  SMITHS  STATZMENT. 
Sir    I '  i «  .  I .  •  i  i .  U     I-.    Smith    began    by    m:(  lining 
the  career  ol    Sir   Rr.gjer  Cawmecl       Torn  on 

S-|  I-tiiIht     I-'.,      1'  lil,     (>i-en:ent      \wk    in     t.'ie 

wrviee  ol  fhe  \i_<r  (  ni-t  I'mle* tnro'e  in 
1B32,  and   became   H.    M.   Consul   in   the  I'ortu- 


guese  Province  of  Lorenzo  Marques  in  June, 
1895.  In  1898  he  was  appointed  Consul  to 
the  Portuguese  possessions  in  West  Africa, 
and  during  the  South  African  War  he  was 
employed  on  special  service  in  Cape  Town, 
receiving  at  the  conclusion  of  hostilities  a 
British  South  African  medal.  Subsequently 
he  served  in  the  French  Congo,  and  in  June, 
1905,  he  was  made  a  C.M.G.,  and  appointed 
Consul  to  the  State  of  San  Paulo.  He  was 
promoted  Consul  General,  and  transferred  to 
Rio  Janeiro  in  1908,  and  in  1911  he  was 
knighted,  receiving  in  the  same  year  the 
Coronation  medal.  Alluding  to  Casement's 
investigation  into  the  conditions  of  the 
rubber  industry  in  South  America  between 
1909  and  1912,  Sir  Frederick  remarked  that 
Casement's  record  showed  a  career  of  con- 
siderable public  usefulness,  and  he  had  re- 
tired with  a  pension.  Acknowledging  the  in- 
timation that  he  was  to  be  knighted,  Case- 
ment, in  June,  1911,  wrote: — 

THANKS     FOR      KNIGHTHOOD. 

Dear  Sir  Edward  Grey, — 1  find  it  very  hard 
to  choose  words  with  which  to  make  acknow- 
ledgment of  the  honour  done  me  by  the  King. 
1  am  much  moved  at  this  proof  of  confidence 
and  appreciation  of  my  services  on  the  Rut»- 
mayo,  conveyed  to  me  by  your  letter,  wherein 
you  tell  me  the  King  has  been  graciously 
pleased,  on  your  recomendation.  to  confer 
upon  me  the  honour  of  Knighthood.  I  am, 
indeed,  grateful  to  you  for  this  signal  assur- 
ance of  your  personal  esteem  and  support. 
1  am  very  deeply  sensible  of  the  honour  done 
me  by  His  Majesty,  and  would  beg  that  my 
humble  duty  might  be  presented  to  His 
Majesty,  and  that  you  do  me  the  honour  to 
convey  to  him  my  deep  appreciation  of  the 
honour  he  has  been  so  graciously  pleased  to 
confer  upon  me. 

Sir  Frederick  remarked  that  that  letter 
showed  what  Casement's  feelings  then  were 
towards  the  country  he  had  served  so  long. 
He  was  then  a  man  of  mature  years,  being 
47  years  old.  and  be  had  had  19  years  ex- 
perience of  Government  work.  A  man  of  cul- 
tivated understanding,  he  had  also  a  consider- 
able knowledge  of  history.  Casement  drew  his 
pension  till  September  30.  1914. 

turning  to  the  case  of  Bailey,  Sir  Frederick 
said  that  this  defendant  had  made  a  statement 
in  which  he  said  he  was  burn  in  Publin.  He 
joined  the  Royal  Irish  Rifles  in  1904.  aitd  had 
served  with  his  regiment  in  India.  When  *tie 
war  broke  out  he  was  employed  a*  a  troods 
porter  at  Raddinnton,  and  was  vailed  up  as  a 
reservist  He  sailed  with  the  original  lixpedl- 
tionary  Force  to  K ranee.  He  shared  the  for- 
tunes of  the  force  dm  in*  the  early  dxys  of 
the  campaign,  and  was  taken  prisoner  by  the 
riermans  on   September  4,   1914.     Among  the 

British  solibcrs  taken  prisoners  were  a  con- 
si  dent  He  number  of  Irish  soldiers,  Befnewn 
the  In-h  anil  other  I'ii-iiiiims  there  was  Ht 
I'nst  apparently  no  differentiation,  hit  i.bnot 
1  !(■><  'ember,  1911,  Irish  prisoners  were  ivntoved 
from  the  different  ranis  >i r: d  collected 
tog* thei  into  n  Istrsre  camp  a*  l.imlery.  At  that 
Un;e  Casement  was  in  Cicimany. 


129 


TERMS     FOR    THE     IRISH    BRIGADE     IN 
BERLIN. 

The  part  Casement  was  destined  to  play  was 
that  of  a  man  who  hoped  to  seduce  from  their 
allegiance  to  the  King  the  Irish  prisoners-  of 
war,  who  were  collected  for  the  purpose  of 
listening  to  addresses  and  lectures  from  Case- 
ment. They  were  addressed  collectively,  and 
in  some  cases  individually  by  Casement,  who 
moved  about  the  camp  freely,  with  full  ap- 
proval of  the  Germans.  Tins  went  on  be- 
tween 3rd  January  and  19th  February,  1915. 
Casement  introduced  himself  as  Sir  Roger 
Casement,  the  organiser  of  the  Irish  Volun- 
teers. He  stated  that  he  was  f-irming  an 
Irish  Brigade,  and'  he  invited  all  the  Irish 
prisoners  in  the  country  to  join  him.  He 
pointed  out  repeatedly,  and  with  emphasis, 
that  in  his  opinion  everything  was  to  be 
gained  for  Ireland  by  Germany  winning  the 
war,  and  that  now  was  the  day  for  striking  a 
blow   for  Ireland.     He  stated  that   those   who 

1'oined  the  Irish  Brigade  would  be  sent  to 
ierlin  ;  they  would  become  guests  of  the  Ger- 
man Government,  and  in  the  event  of  Ger- 
many winning  a  sea  battle  he  would1  land  a 
brigade  in  Ireland  and  defend  the  country 
against  the  enemy,  England.  In  the  event  of 
Germany  losing  the  war  either  he  or  the  Im- 
perial German  Government  would  give  each 
man  of  the  brigade  a  bonus  of  from  £10  to 
4!20  and'  a    free  passage  to   America. 

KISSED    BY   PRISONERS    OF    WAR. 

The  vast  majority  of  the  Irish  prisoners 
treated  the  rhetoric  and  persuasions  of  Case- 
ment with  contempt.  He  was  received  with 
hisses,  and  at  least  on  one  occasion  booed  out 
of  camp.  The  Munster  Fusiliers  were  parti- 
cularly prominent  in  their  loyalty  and  in  their 
resentment  to  the  treacherous  proposals  made 
to  them.  One  man  actually  struck  Casement, 
who  was  saved  from  further  violence  by  the 
intervention  of  an  escort  of  the  Prussian 
Guard  assigned  to  give  him  their  protection. 
The  Irish  prisoners  who  refused  to  receive  the 
proposals  were  punished'  by  a  reduction  of 
their  rations,  which  before  this  had  not  been 
in  any  way  excessive.  A  man  named  Robin- 
son who  refused  to  join  t-  3  Irish  Brigade  was 
transferred  to  another  camp  for  punishment. 
The  few  men  who  were  seduced  from  their 
allegiance  were  rewarded  by  being  given  a 
green  uniform  with  a  harp  worked  upon  it, 
by  being  left  at  liberty,  and  by  exceptionally 
liberal  rations,  both  in  quality  and  quantity. 
Amongst  the  Irish  prisoners  at  Limberg  was 
the  prisoner  Bailey,  who  was  wearing  the 
green  uniform  and  also  side  arms  in  the  Ger- 
man fashion.  Evidence  would  be  given  that 
Bailey  joined  the  so-called  Irish  Brigade,  and 
was  promoted  at  once  to  the  rank  of  sergeant 
by  the  Germans,  who  encouraged  the  forma- 
tion of  the  brigade.  The  witnesses 
to  these  acts  of  high  treason  and 
treachery  included  a  Royal  Munster  Fusi- 
lier, a  lance-corporal  of  the  Royal  Irish  Rifles, 
and  several  other  soldiers.  All  of  these  men 
had  been  wounded,  and  had  since  been  ex- 
changed, and  were  at  tha  disposal  of  the 
Crown  as  witnesses. 


BAILEY'S    STATEMENT. 

Counsel  then  read  the  statement  made  by 
Bailey  after  his  arrest  on  April  21st.  He 
stated  that  he  was  born  in  Dublin.  In  1904 
he  joined  the  Royal  Irish  Rifles.  He  v/atj  a 
reservist  at  the  outbreak  of  war,  and,  being 
called  to  his  depot  at  Belfast,  was  imme- 
diately sent  out  with  the  Expeditionary 
Force.  He  was  taken  prisoner  in  Septemoer, 
1914,  and  taken,  with  other  Irishmen,  to  the 
camp  at  Limberg,  where  he  was  well  treated 
for  a  time: — "I  saw  Sir  Roger  Casement 
about  April,  1915  (the  statement  proceeded). 
He  spoke  to  me  about  joining  the  Irish 
Brigade  solely  for  the  purpose  of  righting  for 
Irish  freedom,  and  I  joined  so  that  i  could  get 
out  of  the  country,  and  was  made  sergeant 
straight  away."  Bailey  went  on  to  say  that 
he   was  sent  to   Berlin   at  the  end  of  March, 


ROGER     DAVID     CASEMENT.— Executed     on 
3rd    August. 

1916,  and,  with  a  Mr.  Monteith,  went  to  a 
school  to  get  instruction  in  the  use  of  ex- 
plosives.  After  three  hours  he  went  to 
another  place  in  Berlin  for  further  instruc- 
tion. 

TO  IRELAND  IN  A  SUBMARINE. 
On  the  11th  he  and  Mr.  Monteith  nr  '  Pir 
Roger  Casement  were  driven  to  the  War 
Office.  There  he  was  given  a  railway  ticket, 
and  the  thiee  of  them  went  to  v«  ilhelrnsbaven. 
There  they  were  put  on  a  submarine.  Owm^ 
to  a  pi:-1^  accident  mey  had  to  put  in  pt 
Heligoland.  '1  hey  left  thero  on  the  13th  of 
April  and  came  round  by  top  Shetland*, 
then  knew  (the  statement  continued)  where  I 
was  going,  but  I  had  no  instructions.  I  knew 
when  I  got  near  to  Tralee  (hat  it  was  in  con- 
nection with  the   Volunteer  movement.       Ihe 


130 


submarine  steered  in  as  close  as  it  could,  and 
then  lowered'  a  collapsible  boat  and  put  us  off. 
We  took  revolvers,  ammunition,  etc.,  and  I 
was  ordered  to  bury  them.  The  boat  put  off 
at  1  a.m.  in  the  surf.  It  was  overturned, 
and  we  had  to  wade  ashore.  I  went  back  two 
or  three  times  to  fetch  the  stuff.  We  buried 
the  arms,  etc.j  not  far  from  where  we  landed. 
We  left  our  coats  there,  and  I  was  taken 
by  Monteith  to  Tralee.  People  were  going  to 
Mass  when  we  got  there."  At  Tralee 
(Bailey's  statement  continued)  they  got  some- 
'  thing  to  eat,  and  then  went  to  a 
shop.  Four  men  came  in  separately,  and 
Monteith  conversed  with  them.  Afterwards 
they  got  into  a  motor  car,  and  one  of  the 
men  asked  where  the  arms  were.  They  tra- 
velled about  looking  for  the  place,  and  a  tyre 
was  punctured.  Before  they  could  get  out 
of  the  car  the  police  came  up,  and  afterwards 
they  drove  off  in  an  opposite  direction.  He 
was  afterwards  directed  to  a  castle,  and  re- 
mained there  until  he  was  arrested. 
ARMS    SHIP    DISGUISED. 

When  on  the  submarine  (the  statement  went 
oti)  I  overheard  conversation  from  time  to 
time  about  a  small  Wilson  liner  which  was 
being  piloted  into  Tralee.  It  had  on  board 
20,000  rifles  and  a  million  rounds  of  ammuni- 
tion It  was  disguised  as  a  timber  ship,  and 
there  were  also  ten  machine  guns  and  bombs 
and  fire  bombs,  and  it  was  said  that  Dublin 
Castle  was  to  be  raided.  From  that  state- 
ment, counsel  resumed,  it  appeared  that  the 
three  passengers,  Casement,  Monteith,  and 
Bailev,  were  put  into  a  small  boat  and  landed 
on  the  sands  near  Ardfert,  probably  about 
2  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  Good  Friday, 
April  21  On  the  Thursday  night  at  9.50  a 
labourer  saw  a  light  flashing  about  half  a  mile 
out  at  sea,  and  it  was,  probably,  not  uncon- 
nected with  what  happened  afterwards — prob- 
ably those  on  board  were  taking  part  in  a 
common  adventure  with  the  prisoners. 
THE    RAIDER    CHALLENGED. 

The  next  phase  of  the  case  dealt  with  by 
counsel  was  the  challenging  of  the  accompany- 
ing ship  by  the  sloop  Bluebell,  which  on  April 
21  was  patrolling  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Tralee.  Sighting  a  suspicious  ship,  flying  the 
Norwegian  ensign,  and  with  four  Norwegian 
ensigns  painted  fore  and  aft  on  the  vessel, 
the  captain  of  the  Bluebell  hoisted  a  signal  de- 
manding the  vessel's  name  and  destination. 
The  vessel  replied  that  she  was  the  Aud,  of 
Bergen  The  captain  of  the  Bkihell  ordered 
her  to  follow  him  into  harbour.  The  Aud  re- 
plied in  broken  English  :  "  Where  are  you 
taking  me  to?"  The  Bluebell  went  ahead, 
but  the  And  remained  without  moving.  A 
round  was  accordingly  fired  across  her  bows, 
and  she  then  signalled  :  "  What  am  I  to  do?" 
She  was  told  to  follow,  and  did  so  without 
furthei  tiv.u'ble  until  the  next  morning,  when 
the  And  hoisted  a  signal:  "Where  am  I  to 
enter?"  On  arriving  in  the  harbour  she  was 
told  to  await  orders,  and  continue  to  follow 
the  Bluebell  Near  the  Daunt  Hock  lightship 
the  Bluebell  headed  for  harbour,  but  the  And 
(stopped,  The  Bluebell  then  went  back  about 
a    cable's    length,    and    saw    &   small    cloud    of 


white  smoke  issuing  from  the  after-hold.  At 
the  same  time  two  German  naval  Ensigns 
were  Uown  from  the  mast,  and  two  boats  were 
launched,  one  from  either  side.  The  Bluebell 
went  round  across  the  bows,  and  the  occu- 
pants of  the  two  boats,  coming  towards  her, 
hoisted  a  flag  of  truce,  and  put  up  their 
hands.  They  were  taken  prisoners  on  the 
Bluebell.  The  Aud  sank  almost  immediately 
afterwards.  If,  said  counsel,  one  might  con- 
nect all  these  matters,  it  was  established  that 
Casement  was  attempting  to  seduce  Irish 
soldiers  from  their  allegiance,  with  the  ob- 
ject of  forming  a  brigade  to  take  part  in  an 
insurrection  in  Ireland.  The  association  of 
the  events  described  appeared  to  be  obvious. 
About  4  o'clock  in  the  morning  there  were 
found  buried  three  Mauser  pistols,  a  flash 
lamp,  a  large  flag,  two  lifebelts,  maps  and 
other  articles  Counsel  here  "  produced  "  a 
large  green  Irish  flag,  and  the  prisoners  joined 
in  the  interested  scrutiny  of  the  exhibit. 

THE    ARREST    OF   SIR    ROGER    CASEMENT. 

Describing  Sir  Roger  Casement's  arrest,  Sir 
FredencK  said  he  was  found  in  hiding  at 
MeKenna's  Fort.  "  It  is  called  a  fort,  but  I 
am  informed  it  is  not  so  much  an  edifice  as  an 
excavation."  Asked  by  the  police  who  he 
was,  Ca.-ement  replied:  "Richard  Morton,  of 
Denham,  Bucks,"  and  described  himself  as  an 
author.  He  said  he  arrived  from  Dublin  on  19th 
April,  and  slept  at  a  farmhouse  close  by,  and 
that  he  intended  to  go  to  Tralee.  While 
being  taken  to  Ardfert  Barracks  he  was  seen 
by  a  farmer  named  Collins  to  drop  a 
paper  from  his  coat.  This  was  found  to  be 
a  code. 

This  code  consisted  of  6uch  contemplated 
messages  as  the  following: — "Wait  further 
instructions."  "  Wait  further  opportunity," 
"Send  agent  at  once,"  "Proposal  accepted," 
"  Proposal  received,"  "  Please  answer  by 
cablegram,"  "  Have  decided  to  stay,"  "Com- 
munication again  possible,"  "  Railway  com- 
munications have  been  stopped,"  "Further 
ammunition  is  needed,"  "  How  many  rifles 
will  you  send  us?"  "Will  send  plans  about 
landing,"  "  Preparations  are  made 

about -"     "Send    another    shin    to    " 

"  Cannons  with  plenty  of  ammunition  are 
needed,'  "Send  more  explosives."  "Send  a 
vessel,  if  possible."  Such,  commented  coun- 
sel, were  the  contemplated  communications  re- 
quired to  develop  the  situation  in  Treland. 
Casement  was  charged  at  Ardfert  Barracks 
with  landing  arms  and  ammunition.  He 
asked  for  legal  assistance.  On  April  22nd  he 
was  brought  to  England,  and  to  an  inspector 
of  the  Metropolitan  Police  he  said  he  was  Sir 
Roger  Casement. 

THE    AUD'S   CARGO. 

Divers  sent  down  to  the  Aud  had  discovered 
on  board  Russian  rifles  of  a  pattern  of  t'.ie 
year  1905.  Concluding  his  speech,  the 
Attorney-General  described  the  arrest  of 
Bailey,  who,  he  said,  was  stopped  by  the 
I  olice  near  where  the  arms  were  found.  He 
was  in  a  motor  car  with  some  other  men,  and 
stated  that  he  came  from  Mountjoy  street, 
Dublin.  Thov  were  hi'rested  between  Cause- 
way and  Tralee,  on  the  evening  of  April  22nd. 


131 


POLICE    INSPECTOR   PARKER'S  EVIDENCE. 

The  first  witness  was  Inspector  Parner,  of 
Scotland  Yard,  who  stated  that  he  went  to 
the  Tower  at  7  o'clock  that  morning,  and 
read  the  warrant  over  to  Casement,  who  was 
conveyed  to  Bow  street.  Bailey  was  also 
broaght  that  morning  from  Wandsworth 
Prison.  When  the  two  prisoners  were  charged 
together  at  Bow  street,  Casement,  pointing  to 
Bailey,  said  :  "  Well,  that  man  is  innocent.  I 
think  the  indictment  is  wrongly  drawn 
against  him.  Is  it  within  my  power  to  pay 
for  the  defence  of  this  man?  I  wish  him  to 
be  in  every  way  as  well  defended  as  myself, 
and  ii  ne  has  no  means  to  undertake 
his  defence  I  am  prepared  to  pay  for  him." 
CX-WAR    PRISONER'S    STORIES. 

John  Robinson,  Ross  street,  Beltast,  for- 
merly a  corporal  in  the  R.A.Ai.C.,  said  that 
on  August,  24th,  1914,  he  was  taken 
prisoner  in  Fiance,  and  interned  at 
a  prisoners'  war  camp  at  Sanneelageer, 
and  after  r  few  months  there  the  Irish 
soldiers  there  received  an  order  that  they* 
were  to  be  put  together,  and  they  were 
treated  a  little,  but  not  much,  better.  They 
were  given  lighter  work  than  the  English 
prisoners,  and  were  put  in  huts  by  them- 
selves. In  December,  1914,  some  three  Irish 
soldiers  were  moved  to  Limberg,  where  the 
accommodation  was  good,  but  the  food  bad. 
Casement  visited  the  Irish  soldiers,  and 
'"  spouted  "  to  them.  He  said  that  now  was 
the  time  to  fight  for  Ireland.  He  wanted 
the  Irish  prisoners  there  to  form  an  Irish 
Brigade,  and  said'  that  Germany  was  going 
to  free  Ireland.  Lometimes  he  got  a 
very  poor  reception.  The  men  tried 
to  hiss  him  out  of  the  camp,  and 
one  fellow  shovefl  him.  When  the  man 
pushed  Casement,  witness  added,  the  Ger- 
man guard  got  him  away.  Casement  visited 
the  camp  four  times,  about  a  week  between 
each  visit.  Casement  promised  them  £10 
each  if  they  joined,  and  if  Germany  lost  the 
war  they  would  be  sent  to  America.  Witness 
added  that  copies  of  a  paper,  the  Gaelic 
American,  and  a  book,  "The  Crime  Against 
Ireland,"  were  circulated  in  the  camp. 
Forms    were   handed   to    them. 

THE     MODE    OF    TEMPTATION. 

One  of  the  questions  asked  was:  "Are  you 
willing  to  tight  for  your  own  country,  with 
a  view  of  securing  the  national  freedom  of 
Ireland?  With  the  moral  and  material 
assistance  of  the  German  Government  an 
Irish  Brigade  is  being  formed." 

Counsel  produced  a  copy  of  this  form, 
also  a  pamphlet  calculated  among  the  Irish 
prisoners.     Quoting    from    it,    he    read — 

"  Irishmen,  here  is  a  chance  for  you  to 
fight  for  Ireland.  You  have  fought  for 
England,  your  country's  hereditary  enemy. 
You  Lave  fought  for  Belgium,  though  it  was 
no  more  to  you  than  the  Fiji  Islands.  Are 
you  willing  to  fight  for  your  own  country, 
with  a  view  of  securing  the  national  freedom 
of  Ireland?  The  object  of  the  Irish  Brigade 
Rial  I  be  to  fight  solely  the  cause  of  Ireland, 
and  in  no  circumstances  shall  it  be  directed 
to  the  interests  of  Germany." 


The  pamphlet  went  on  to  declare  that  the 
Brigade  would  fight  under  the  Irish  flag 
alone,  with  a  distinctive  Irish  uniform,  and 
Irish  officers.  At  the  end  of  the  war  the 
German  Government  undertook  to  send  those 
who  desired  it  to  America,  with  the  neces- 
sary means  of  landing.  It  was  further 
stated  that  the  Irish  in  America  were  raising 
money  for  the  Brigade.  If  interested,  men 
were  to  see  their  company  commanders.  It 
concluded — 

"Remember    Bachelor's    Walk.         God    Save 
Ireland.'" 

SIGNING    THE    FORM. 

Witness,  proceeding,  said  that  out  of  over 
a  thousand  men  he  thought  between  fifty 
and  sixty  signed  the  form.  He  never 
joined  the  Brigade.  Witness  said  he 
recognised  the  prisoner  Bailey,  and  also  re- 
membered a  Corporal  Quinless  at  Limberg. 
Both  joined  the  Irish  Brigade.  Witness 
added,  in  conclusion,  that  he  was  exchanged 
from  the  8th  of  October  last  year,  and  re- 
turned to  this  country. 

PRIVATE    JOHN    CROME. 

Private  John  Crone,  of  2  Camel's  place, 
John  street,  Cork,  formerly  in  the  2nd  Batta- 
lion Royal  Munster  Fusiliers,  gave  somewhat 
fcimilar  evidence.  He  was  wounded  on  August 
22,  he  said,  taken  prisoner,  and  on  December 
22nd  was  conveyed  with  21  oth?r  Irish 
prisoners  to  Limberg,  vhere  he  saw  Bailey. 
Casement  occasionally  visited  the  camp.  Onco 
he  heard  him  say — "  Why  do  you  stay  hsre 
in  hunger  and  misery,  when  you  might  be 
enjoying  yourselves  by  joining  the  Irish 
Brigade,  and  becoming  guests  of  the  German 
Government?" 

WILLIAM    EGAN. 

William  Egan,  14  Barrow  street,  Dublin, 
another  ex-prisoner,  said  he  knew  Bailey  at 
St.  Vincent  de  Paul  School,  Glasnevin,  Dublin, 
and  later  he  was  in  Bailey's  regiment.  tie 
was  wounded  and  captured  at  Neuve  Chap?lle 
in  October,  and  he  again  met  Bailey  at  Lim- 
berg. On  one  of  the  forms  given  to  the 
Irish  prisoners  was  ':he  question — "  In  what 
state  were  the  people  of  Ireland  when  the  war 
broke  out?"  Witness  identified  Bail?y  and 
Quinless  as  two  prisoners  who  joined  the 
Irish  Brigade.  Bailey  joined  with  soldiers 
named  Greer  and  Scanlan.  There  were 
2,500  Irishmen  in  the  camp,  and  only  52 
joined  the  Brigade. 

DANIEL    O'BRIEN. 

Daniel  O'Brien,  formerly  in  the  L?inster 
Regiment,  said  he  was  taken  from  Doeberitz 
Camp  with  a  hundred  other  Irish  prisoners  to 
Limberg.  Witness  corroborated  the  evidence 
as  to  Casement's  remarks  to  the  Irish 
prisoners.  Witness  said  that  Bailey  drew  a 
map  of  Ireland,  which  was  shown  round  tli3 
camp.  Recruiting  for  the  Irish  Brigade  con- 
tinued-till  February,  and  was  carried  on  bv 
a  man  called  Father  Nicholson,  a  supposed 
American 

CORPORAL     MICHAEL     O'CONNOR. 

Corpora!  Michael  O'Connor,  a  one  armed 
man,  who  -ppeared  in  khaki,  ard  wore  South 
African  r  r.dals,  said  tl.t-i  his  home  was  in 
Wexford,     .it  Limber;  1*   said    Jaseiieni  told 


132 


them  that  England  was  nearly  beaten.  On 
January  3rd  Casement  said  to  the  men  booing 
him — "  You  are  followers  of  the  recruiting 
officer  for  the  British  Army,  Johnnie  Red-, 
mond."  On  that  occasion  a  Coldstream  Guard 
Colour-Sergeant  called  Casement  a  traitor,  and 
wis  sent  to  a  punishment  camp.  While  in 
hospital  witness  was  given  a  book  entitled 
"  The  King,  the  Kaiser,  and  Ireland." 
JAMES    WILSON. 

James  Wilson,  formerly  a  private  in  the 
Royal  Dublin  Fusiliers,  living  at  560  North 
Circular  road,  Dublin,  another  prisoner  from 
Limberg,  spoke  to  a  man  whom,  owing  to  his 
impaired  eyesight  he  could  not  identify,  urging 
the  Irishmen  in  camp  not  to  prolong  their 
misery,  but  to  better  themselves  by  joirr\ig 
the  Irish  Brigade.  He  spoke  of  the  blood  ci 
their  forefathers  flowing  in  their  veins,  attd 
urged  them  not  to  take  any  notice  of  "  the 
uncrowned  king,  John  Redmond."  Some  of 
the  men  called  the  man  a  renegade,  and  one 
told  him  he  was  "up  the  pole."  (Laughter.) 
JOHN  M'CARTHY. 
When  the  case  was  resumed  on  Tuesday,  16th 
May,  John  M'Carthy,  a  farmer  living  near  the 
Banna  strand,  examined  by  Mr.  Bodkin,  said 
that  on  tne  morning  of  Good  Friday,  about  4 
o'clock,  he  noticed  a  boat  being  washed  in 
by  the  tide,  with  four  oars  floating  around. 
He  waded  in  and  took  hold  of  the  loat,  and 
found  a  dagger  (produced).  In  the  sands, 
covered  up.  he  also  found  a  tin  box  (box  pro- 
duced) ar  «t  15  inches  square  and  a  foot 
deep.  Or  the  sands  he  also  saw  footmarks, 
apparently  of  three  or  four  persons.  The 
footprints  led  to  his  farm.  Be  and  his  man, 
Pat  Driscoll,  pulled  the  boat  out  of  the  water. 
As  they  were  coming  back  they  saw  McCarthy's 
daughter,  aged  seven,  playing  wmi  three  re- 
volvers. The  revolvers,  formidable  weapon* 
of  the  Mauser  pattern,  were  pro-^yed. 
Witness  said  he  also  found'  a  small  bag  (pro- 
duced along  with  a  brown  and  a  black  bag 
found  by  the  police). 

A    LIGHT    AT   SCA. 

Michael  Hussey,  a  typical  Irish  labourer, 
whose  ntogue  was  so  pronounced  that  it  was 
only  with  difficulty  he  was  understood,  an- 
swering Mr.  Travers  Humphreys,  said  that 
the  night  before  Good  Friday  he  was  "out 
visiting  for  a  bit  of  the  night,"  and  about 
half  past  nine  he  saw  a  dark  red  light  ft  sea. 
He  saw  it  tor  about  two  seconds,  or  perhaps 
a  little  longer.  He  went  down  to  the  edge 
Of  the  sea,  but  saw  no  one  there.  I  he  light 
liaJ  been  seen  about  half  a  mile  out  from 
low  water  mark.  Ne.\t  morni.;g  he  saw  tha 
boat  on  the  beach  opposite  where  the  light 
had   been  at  sen. 

MARY     GORMAN. 

Next  there  stepped  into  the  witness  -jox  a 
young  lri<h  servant  named  Mary  Gorman,  rnd 
Ler  accent  completely  puzzled  counsel.  Mr. 
BoaKin  had  to  get  her  ad  Iress  "  Rathoneen.  ' 
She  described  how  at  half  pa-t  four  on  Good 
Friday  morning  three  men  passed  close  to 
her,  goiitii  in  the  direction  of  Atdfert.  One 
v.  i  -  a  tall  man,  another  nearly  as  tall,  and 
the    third    smaller.     The    tall    man    carried    a 


coat,  a  green  knapsack  across  his  shoulders, 
and  a  walking  sticK.  The  two  others  had 
overcoats.  They  were  all  walking  quickly 
Sne  was  able  to  see  the  tall  man's  face,  and 
she  identified  him  as  Sir  Roger  Casement.  She 
aia  not  recognise  Bailey. 

SERGEANT    HEARN.    ROYAL    IRISH 
CONSTABULARY. 

Sergeant  Thomas  J.  Hearn,  of  the  R.I.C., 
told  how  he  received  the  various 
articles  found  in  the  sand  by  M'Carthy,  in 
whose  house  the  bags  were  opened,  hi  one  of 
the  bags  witness  found  five  hundred  rounds 
of  ammunition.  The  pistols  found  were 
loaded.  Subsequently  the  witness  with 
another  officer  found  a  man  in  the  old  rath 
or  fort.  It  was  the  prisoner.  Witness 
said  he  asked  Casement  what  he  was 
doing  there,  and  he  replied,  "  By  what 
authority  do  you  ask  me  the  question?" 
Witness  replied  that  he  could  ask  any  ques- 
tion he  chose,  and  added  that  he  should  arrest 
*hirn  under  the  Defence  of  the  Realm  regula-  , 
tions.  He  then  asked  Sir  Roger  Casement  his 
name,  and  the  prisoner  replied  Richard 
Norton,  of  Denham,  Bucks.  Sir  Roger  Case- 
ment added  that  he  had  written  a  book,  and 
told  witness  the  name  of  it.  Further  answer- 
ing the  witness,  Sir  Roger  Casement  sa:d  he 
was  going  to  Dublin,  b<<t  had  no  passport 
papers  He  got  to  the  fort  at  eight  o'clock 
that  morning ;  his  clothes  were  wet ;  he  in- 
tended going  on  to  Tralee.  At  Ardfert 
Barracks  Sir  Rog»v  Caesment,  -f>h&(.  charged 
with  landing  t-rins,  ?a;-d.  "Can  1  t,ee  your 
order?"*  Among  the  articles  found  on  him 
was  some  kind  ^i  sa~u?-aga  wrapped  in  paper, 
also  two  documents,  one  in  a  foreign  'angvogdj 
ana  evidently  an  itinerary  of  Sir  Roger  Case- 
ment's movements  in  Germany. 

CONSTABLE    REILLY. 

Constable  Reiiiv,  ot  the  Royal  Irish  Con- 
stabulary, deposed  tha'-  on  Good  Friday  morn- 
ing he  saw  a  man  at  M'Kenna's  fort.  His 
head  and  shoulders  appeared  over  the  side  of 
the  fort.  Witness  went  towards  the  man,  who 
was  Sit  Roger  Casement,  "covered"  him,  and 
called  on  him  not  to  move.  Sir  Roger  Case- 
ment replied,  "This  is  a  nice  way  to  treat 
an  English  traveller."  Pie  also  said,  "  I  am 
not  armed.  1  will  do  you  no  harm."  The 
sergeant  then  came  up.  In  the  inside  pocket 
of  Sir  Roger  Casement's  waistcoat,  witness 
added,  was  a  slip  of  white  paper.  "I  read 
something  on  it,"  said  witness,  "and  said, 
'thdt  isn't  Irish.'  ,:  (Laughter.)  Casement 
replied,  "  I  don't  know,  I  have  never  seen 
that  before."  Witness  made  a  further 
search  at  the  fort  and  found  three  overcoats. 
He  noticed  Casement  was  wearing  a  ureera 
woollen  muffler,  the  i  ads  of  which  were  wet 
and  sandy.  'Iheu  was  also  sand  in  his  boots. 
A    TWELVE  YEAR  OLD    WITNESS. 

Martin  Collins,  the  twe'-n-vear-old  son  of 
an  Ardfert  fanner,  was  the  next  witness.  A 
bright  faced,  intelligent  boy,  he  gave  his 
evidence  with  great  self  possession.  He  told 
how  he  vvas  driving  a  pony  and  cart  past 
M'Fetina's  fort  on  the  way  to  a  neighbouring 
farmer's,  when  he  saw  Sergeant  Hearn  and 
Constable   Reilly    ./i':L  a  stranjer,   whom   he 


133 


recognised'  now  as  Sir  Roger  Casement.  The 
stranger  put  his  hands  behind  his  back,  rolled 
np  a  piece  of  paper  behind  him,  and 
dropped  it.  Witness  said  he  drove  the  man 
as  far  as  the  farm,  where  Mary  Gorman 
identified  him  as  one  of  the  men  she  had  seen 
in  the  morning.  On  his  wav  home  after 
dinner  witness  said  he  stopped"  at  the  fort, 
«nd  asked  a  boy  to  pick  •  up  the  paper  Sir 
Roger  Casement  had  dropped.  Witness 
opened  it  and  found  it  was  torn  in  two.  rie 
read  some  of  it,  and  when  he  got  back  to 
Ardfert  handed  it  over  to  Constable  Reilly. 

CONSTACLE    LARKS. 

Constable  Robert  William  Larke,  R.I.C., 
answeting  Mr.  Bodkin,  said  that  on  Good 
Friday  morning  he  went  to  the  sands  at 
Curraghane,  where  he  discovered  buried  in  the 
sari  is  near  where  the  revolvers  were  picked 
up  a  black  bag  about  two  hundred  yards  from 
M'Carthy's  house. 

CASEMENT'S     JOURNEY    THROUGH      DUBLIN. 

Sergeant  Bracken,  of  the  Military  ioot 
Police,  stationed  at  Ship  street  Barracks, 
Dublin,  deposed  that  on  22nd  April  he  went 
to  Arbour  Hill  Military  Detention  Barracks 
with  an  escort,  and  there  received  from  the 
sergeant-major  in  charge  the  prisoner  Case- 
ment. He-  brought  him  via  Holyhead  to  Bow 
street  Police  Station,  where  l.e  handed  over 
Casement  to  the  Metiopohtun   Police. 

Sergeant  Janes  Butler,  yf  the  R.I.C.,  who 
took  Casement  train  Tralee  to  Dublin,  said 
that  the  train  stopped  at  Kiilarney  Station, 
and  while  there  the  prisoner  asked  permission 
to  get  a  paper.  Witness  granted  the  request. 
At  the  station  a  head  constable  came  to  the 
carriage  door  and  said  to  witness,  "  Did  you 
hear  what  happened  to  the  two  lads  <.t  Puck?" 
Witness  answered  "  No,"  and  the  head  con- 
stable went  on,  "They  ran  into  the  tide,  and 
were  drowned."  After  D.aving  the  s.trtion  the 
prisoner  started  to  cry,  and  remained  crying 
for  some  time.  He  then  turned  round  to  the 
witness  and  said,  "  \vhere  is  Puck  ;  is  it  near 
Castlemame  Bay?"  Witness  answered  "Y as." 
Sir  Roger  Casement  then  s.id,  "I  am  very 
sorry  for  these  two  men.  It .  was  on  toy 
account  they  were  there.  'lLev  vv„re  two  trood 
Irishmen."  On  arrival  at  via  I  low  witness 
a?ked  if  he  had  been  there  before,  and  he 
answered,  "Ye?,  1  know   Blackwater  well." 

Sergeant-Major  Whittaker,  Arilitary  Pro- 
vost's Staff  Corps,  stationed  at  Arbour  Hill 
Barracks,  Dublin,  spoke  to  receiving  three 
bags  and  a  parcel  from  Sergeant  Butler,  who 
also  handed  over  t. .-»  prisoner  Casement.  The 
parcel  contained  three  great  coats. 

INSPECTOR  SANQYC3CK. 

Inspector  Joseph  iSandycock,  C.I.D.,  Scct- 
I-nd  Yard,  stated  that  at  Kus4on  Station  on 
the  morning  of  April  25  he  received  into 
custody  Sir  Roger  Casern :r.t  from  Sergeant 
Bracken.  He  conveyed  him  to  Mew  Scotland 
■Yard,  where  prisoner  s.  J,  "1  am  Sir 
Roger  Casement,  and  the  or  ly  person  to  whom 
I  have  disclosed  my  identity  is  a  priest  at 
Tralee,  in  Ireland."  I  then  cautioned  him, 
anl  later  in  the  day  be  wa.s  conveyed  to  Brix- 


ton  Prison,    and   afterwards  to  the  Tover  of 
London. 

MOTOR     CAR'S     MOVEMENTS. 

Maurice  Moriarty,  motor  car  driver,  stated 
that  shortly  before  11  o'clock  on  Good  Fri- 
day morning  he  got  his  car  ready  for  a  Mr. 
Stack,  a  solicitor's  clerk  in  Tralee.  They 
started  off,  and  a  little  way  out  stopped  to 
pick  up  two  men  named  Collins  and  Mulcahy. 
He  identified  the  latter  as  the  prisoner  Bailey. 
They  drove  on  through  Ardfert  to  the  Banna 
Strand,  where  a  tyre  burst.  Sergeant  Crowley 
came  up  and  questioned  them,  and  they  then 
went  on  to  Ballyheigue.  On  the  way  Mr. 
Stack  stopped  to  speak  to  someone. .at  a 
house,  and  Sergeant  Crowley  again  rode  up  on 
a  bicycle  from  Ballyheigue.  They  went  on 
to   the  Causeway,    where   they   were  searched 


Photo   by~l  il,.  a.  a. 

DANIEL  JULIAN    BAILEY,  who  came  over  in 

the    German    submarine    with    Casement. 

by  the  police.  They  returned  by  another  route 
to  Tralee.  Witness  did  not  notice  whether 
Bailey  was  in  the  car  or  not  when  they  got 
tack.  He  had  to  stop  on  the  road  to  fix  the 
footboard  of  the  car,  and- Bailey  got  out  then. 
In  Tralee  they  stopped  at  the  house  of  a  Miss 
Slattery,  in  Rock  street,  and  StacK  and  Col- 
lins  went  inside. 

SERGEANT  CROWLEY. 
Sergeant  Daniel  Crowley,  of  the  R.I.C.,  sail 
fie  saw  the  car  driven  by  Moriarty,  and  qu_j- 
tionecl'  the  occupants.  One  of  t.em,  whom  he 
recognised  as  Bailey,  gave  his  name  as  David 
Mulcahy,  of  44  Mountjoy  street,  Dublin. 
Another  man  gave  the  name  of  Stack,  of 
Rock  street,  Tralee,  and  the  third  man  de- 
scribed himself  as  Collins,  accountant,  Gene- 
ral i'Oot  Cdice,  Lubliu. 


134 


CONSTABLE    COTTER. 

Constable  George  Cotter,  R.I.C.,  said  that 
on  the  22nd  April  he  obtained  some  informa- 
tion about  a  man,  and  in  consequence  searched 
for  him  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Killahan, 
with  another  constable.  He  saw  a  man  who 
was  a  stranger  to  him,  and,  continued  wit- 
ness, I  asked  him :  "  What  are  you  doing 
about  here?"  He  answered:  "Nothing;  I 
am  just  knocking  around."  I  asked  him  where 
he  slept  the  previous  night,  and  he  refused 
to  tell  me.  I  then  asked  him  where  he  in- 
tended to  sleep  that  night,  and  he  refused  to 
tell  me.  I  asked  him  :  "  Where  are  your 
chums!"  and  he  replied  that  he  did  not  know. 
1  asked  him  where  he  came  from,  and  he 
said  :  "  From  Dublin,  on  Thursday,  on  by 
motor  car."  I  asked  him  the  number  the 
car  bore,  and  he  said  he  did  not  know.  I 
asked  him  upon  other  points,  and  he  refused 
to  answer  my  questions.  I  then  arrested  him 
under  the  Defence  cf  the  Realm  Regulations. 
At  the  police  barracks  he  searched'  the 
prisoner,  and  found  ten  sovereigns  tied  up  in 
a  handkerchief,  31s.  in  silver,  and  some 
copper,  as  well  as- a  notebook,  and  a  piece  of 
paper  on  which  was  written  "  The  Castle, 
near  Tralee,  is  quite  a  quaint  old  structure  of 
stone."  The  man  arrested  was  the  prisoner, 
bailey?     Yes,  sir. 

DETECTIVE     INSPECTOR     O'CONNELL. 

Detective  Inspector  Daniel  O'Connell,  Nev 
Scotland  Yard,  deposed  that  on  April  28th 
he  went  over  to  Dublin  and  received  the 
prisoner  Bailev  into  custodv  at  the  Depot 
of  the  R.IC.  in  Phoenix  Park. 

DETECTIVE    INSPECTOR    PARKER. 

Detective  Inspector  Parker,  recalled,  gave 
further  detailed  evidence  as  to  several  of  the 
exhibits.  A  leather  satchel  bag  contained 
some  pistol  ammunition,  a  Hash  lamp,  and 
other  .articles  enumerated  in  a  li«t  attached 
to  the  bag.  In  a  blacK  bag  were  certain  maps 
and  portions  of  maps,  a  green  flag  with  a 
Latin  motto,  forty  rounds  of  ammunition,  a 
flash  lamp,  notebook,  etc.,  explaining  some  of 
the  maps.  Witness  said  that  there  were  two 
maps  of  Ireland,  made  up  into  fourteen  sec- 
tions, each  section  being  numbered  and  bear- 
ing the  name  of  a  district.  On  number  14 
was  a  list  of  the  different  sections. 
THE     ARMS    SHIP. 

Sidney  Ray  Wagboru,  leading  signalman  on 
II. M.S.  Bluebell,  slated  that  on  Good  Friday 
he  was  on  board  that  ship  on  the  south-east 
coast  of  Ireland.  The  snip  was  on  patrol 
duty.  About  six  o'clock  in  the  evening 
another  t-hip  was  sighted  flying  the  Nor- 
wegian colours,  and  having  the  Norwegian 
colours  painted  on   hr  sides. 

\\  itness  said  he  was  ordered  to  'signal  and 
n«'<  the  name  and  destination  of  the  ship. 
She  signalled  back  that  her  name  was  Aud, 
and  she  was  bound  from  Bergen  to  Genoa. 
She  was  told  to  follow  the  Bluebell,  which 
was  then,  roughly  speaking,  over  130  miles 
from  Queenptown.  They  were  about  90  miles 
from  hr  i.  I  he  ship  did  not  iollow  as  she 
v-  ordered  until  a  shot  wa*  tired.  Near  the 
entrance  to     C]uee:.slo.vu     Harbour    the  Aud 


stopped  her  engines,  when  the  Bluebell  was 
about  a  cable's  length  away.  When  witness 
looked  back  he  saw  smoke  issuing  from  t«*e 
after-hold  of  the  Aud  on  the  starboard  side. 
At  the  same  time  two  German  ensigns  were 
flown  at  the  masthead.  Two  boats  were 
lowered,  and  rowed  towards  the  Bluebell. 
The  latter  fired  a  round,  and  the  boats  showed 
two  flags  of  truce,  and  the  occupants  put  their 
hands  up.  They  were  ta^e:^  on  board  a3 
prisoners.  They  were  German  bluejackets, 
and  wore  German  uniforms.  Inere  were 
twenty-three  of  them,  and  they  were  placed' 
under  an  armed  guard  on  board  the  Bluebell.  . 
The  Aud  sank  in  ten  minutes,  one  and  a 
quarter  miles  south-east  of  the  Daunt  Light- 
ship. 

ADMIRALTY    DIVER'S    ACCOUNT. 

John  Dempsey,  of  Ringaskiddy,  Co.  Cork, 
an  Admiralty  diver,  stated  that  on  May  10th 
he  received  instructions  to  go  from  Queens- 
town  to  the  wreck  of  the  ship,  whoso  position 
was  marked  by  a  buoy.  The  ship  had  sunk 
in  from  17g  to  20  fathoms  of  water.  He  in- 
spected the  wreck,  and  found  that  the  vessel 
had  the  Norwegian  flag  painted  on  her  side. 
There  was  a  hole  in  the  side  of  the  ship 
12  to  14  feet  in  diameter,  and  abreast  of  the 
hole,  on  the  bed  of  the  sea,  were  rifles  and 
ammunition.     He  brought  up  one  of  the  rifles. 

The  rifle,  with  a  rusty  barrel,  was  pro- 
duced in  court,  together  with  a  number  of 
broken,  sea-stained  rifle  butts,  a  bayonet  case, 
and  a  cartridge,  which  witness  had  also  found 
on  the  wreck. 

HOW    BAILEY    BEHAVED. 

At  the  sitting  of  the  Court  on  Wednesday, 
17th  May, 

Constable  George  Carter,  R.I.C.,  was  re- 
called, and,  in  cross-examination  by  Mr. 
Artemus  Jones,  said  that  when  he  asked 
Bailey  for  his  name  at  Abbeyderncv  l'olice 
Station  he  at  first  refused  to  give  it.  He 
was  taken  to  the  police  station  about  6  p.m. 
on  the  Saturday,  and  remained  there  all  day 
on  Sunday.  Constables  were  walking  about 
the  room  in  which  he  was  kept,  and  he  saw 
Bailey  talking  to  them  and  heard  him  say: 
"  1  have  some  important  information  to  p-ive, 
which  will  give  you  fellows  something  to  do." 
RUSSIAN     OFFICER'S    EVIDENCE. 

Colonel  N.  Belaeiw,  an  officer  in  the  Rus- 
sian Army,  was  then  called  by  Mr. 
Humphreys  to  describe  the  make  of  some  of 
the  munition  exhibits.  He  was  in  mufti, 
and  said  he  was  a  member  of  the  Russian 
Supply  Committee.  Shown  a  rifle,  much  the 
worse  for  wear  and  asked  if  it  was  a  Russian 
weapon,  the  witness,  after  examining  it 
carefully,  said  "  Yes."  It  had  been  manu- 
factured at  the  Russian  Imperial  Tonla  Rifle 
Works  in  1905.  Each  rifle  manufactured  by 
the  Russian  Imperial  Works,  he  explained, 
bo;e  a  certain  number,  and  the  number  of 
this  special  rifle  was  tQlT8. 

LIEUTENANT-COLONEL    CORDON. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Philip  James  Gordon, 
attached  to  the  Directorate  of  Military  In- 
telligence at  the  War  Office,  was  called  to 
fspeak  to  certain   portions  of  maps   which  he 


135 


was  given  to  examine.  In  his  opinion,  these 
were  not  printed  in  the  United'  Kingdom.' 
'Inere  were  some  roads  on  one  map  which 
are  not  used  on  the  ordnance  survey  map. 
There  were  special  patches  of  colour  shown  on 
one  map  in  the  neighbourhood  of  garrisons  in 
Ireland,  which  are  not  shown  on  the  English 
map. 

BAILEY'S  MILITARY  RECORD. 
Second  Lieutenant  James  Leslie  Biierley, 
Wilts  Regiment,  attached  to  the  Adjutant- 
General's  Staff  at  the  War  Office,  said 
Daniel  Bailey  enlisted  on  April  7, 
1904,  at  Dublin.  lie  served  eight  years  and 
357  days,  of  which  five  years  and  328  day3 
were  served  abroad.  He  was  transferred  to 
the  Army  Reserve  at  Gosport  on  March  29th, 
1913,  and  was  mobilised  at  Belfast  on  August 
5th,  1914,  being  posted  to  the  2nd  Battalion 
of  his  own  regiment.  He  is  shown  on  the 
official  papers  as  a  prisoner  of  war  in  Bel- 
gium, and  they  also  showed  a  good  record. 

BAILEY'S  STATEMENT  TO   SERGEANT 
BESTICK. 

Sergeant  Bestick,  of  the  Rryal  Irish  Con- 
stabulary, said  that  a  man  wh'Mn  he  knew  as 
David  Alulcahy  (who  turned  out  to  be  Bailey) 
was  detained  at  Abbeyderney  Barracks  on 
April  23rd,  and  witness  made  inquiries  of  him. 
After  he  had  done  so,  witness  went  into  his 
own  private  room,  and  the  man  asked  to  see 
him  privately.  He  said  :  "  I  will  tell  you 
some  of  the  truth.  1  came  over  from  America 
under  false  colours.  I  joined  a  society  there. 
1  do  not  want  any  person  to  know  who  I 
am."  Witness  told  the  man  he  would  be  de- 
tained, and  his  photograph  would  be  taken, 
and  inquiries  made.  Alter  an  interval  of 
about  a  quarter  of  an  hour  the  man  again 
asked  to  see  witness,  and  added  :  "  Can  I  get 
free  if  I  tell  the  truth?"  Witness  said  he 
could  not  guarantee  that  he  would  get  free, 
but  he  guaranteed  he  would  get  protection. 
The  man  said  he  was  afraid  to  make  a  state- 
ment, but  he  did  not  say  of  whom  he  was 
afraid.  Witness  told  him  the  superior  officer 
would  be  there  soon,  and  the  man  said  : 
"Send  for  him  quickly.  To-morrow  may  be 
too  late,  as  I  have  important  information." 
Inspector  Brittain  arrived  at  nit  two  hours- 
later,  and  saw  the  prisoner  Bailey.  In  reply 
to  his  question  the  inspector  said  he  would 
guarantee  protection,  but  not  that  the  man 
would  go  free.  The  man  then  gave  the  in- 
spector the  name  of  a  boat  which  was  to 
reach  Ireland  the  following  morning. 

Cross-examined  by  Mr.  Artemus  Jones,  wit- 
ness said  that  he  had  treated  the  man  as  Mul- 
cany,  and  did  not  press  him  for  his  real  name. 

Mr.  Jones — Did  you  say  to  him  :  "If  you 
'don't  say  who  you  are  we  will  publish  your 
photograph  and  find  out?"     No. 

Witness  said  he  did  not  know  until  about 
ft  week  later  that  the  man  who  was  captured 
was  Sir  Roger  Casement. 

Mr.  Jones — Did  you.  in  talking  to  this  man, 
use  these  words :  "  We  have  got  the  other 
fellow.  We  know  he  is  Sir  Roger  Casement, 
and  we  know  all  about  it?  "     No. 

V  You  had  best  make  a  statement  to  save 
yourself? "     No,, 


I  suggest  that  he  asked  to  be  allowed  to  sea 
the  military  authorities?     No. 

Mr.  Jones — I  put  it  to  you,  sergeant,  that  at 
that  time  you  were  pressing  him  to  make  a 
statement,  but  he  refused  ?     No. 

There  is  no  doubt  he  was  in  a  very  anxious 
frame  of  mind  at  that  time?     Yes. 

In  great  trouble?     He  seemed  to  be. 

And  you  agree  with  me  he  was  very  anxious 
to  save  his  own  skin?  Well;  I  can't  say  that. 
He  asked  me  if  I  could  get  him  free.  I  told 
him  I  could  not  give  him  a  guarantee  I  could 
get  him  free. 

Counsel — Let  me  give  his  version.  You 
said  to  him— "  I  can't  guarantee  you  will  get 
no  punishment,  but  I  can  assure  you  it  will  be 
all  right?"     No;  I  did  not  say  that. 

Bailey  here  wrote  a  note  and  passed  it  to 
his  counsel,  who  continued—"  Before  you 
telephoned  to  the  inspector,  did  he  tell  you 
he  would  mak/?  a  statement  if  you  would  give 
him  a  guarantee?" 

Witness— No. 

Counsel — The  first  thing  he  asked  the  In- 
spector when  he  arrived  was  about  the  guar- 
antee? Y"es ;  all  the  Inspector  said  was  that 
he  would  guarantee  him   protection. 

DISTRICT    INSPECTOR    BRITTAIN. 

District  Inspector  Brittain,  R.I.C.,  said  that 
at  half-past  one  on  April  23rd,  he  received  a 
message  from  Sergeant  Bestick,  and  arrived  at 
Abbeydorney  about  four  o'clock.  In  company 
with  Sergeant  Bestick  he  saw  Bailey.  I  told 
him  who  I  was,  witness  continued,  and  6aid 
"I  understand  you  sent  for  me,  and  wish 
to  givs  me  some  information.  YTou  understand 
that  what  you  tell  me  is  quite  voluntary."  I 
believed  him  at  the  time  to  be  David  Mul- 
cahy.  He  asked  me  if  I  would  guarantee  him 
protection.  I  told  him  that  of  course  I  would 
He  asked  me  then  if  I  would  guarantee  him 
against  punishment.  I  told  him  it  was  not  in 
my  power  to  do  that.  He  then  told  me  that 
his  information  was  of  the  utmost  importance, 
and  would  not  wait  a  minute.  "  In  fact,"  h/> 
said,  "it  may  be  too  late  already."  He  again 
asked  me  to  guarantee  him  against  punish- 
ment. I  told  him  again  it  was  not  in  my 
power  to  do  so,"  but  that  I  could  bring  his 
request  under  notice,  and  no  doubt  it  would 
be  considered.  He  then  told  me  that  a 
Wilson  liner  which  was  captured  by  the  Ger- 
mans at  the  beginning  of  the  war  

The  Attorney-General  interrupted  at  this 
point.  "I  may  say,"  he  said,  "that  I  have 
had  a  letter  from  a  member  of  the  Wilson 
firm,  who  are  reasonably  anxious  that  it 
should  be  made  clear  that  this  was  a  vessel 
that  had  been  captured   by  the  Germans." 

Witness  continued — Bailey  told  me  this 
vessel  was  to  be  piloted  into  Fenit  the  follow- 
ing Monday  morning,  or  perhaps  sooner — if 
possible  that  night — with  20,000  rifles,  over  a 
million  rounds  of  ammunition,  ten  machine 
guns  (two  ready  for  action),  bombs,  and  fire- 
bombs. He  then  said  there  was  to  be  a 
general  rising  in  Ireland  simultaneously,,  and 
that  Dublin  Castle  was  to  be  attacked  or 
raided  He  described  to  me  the  lights  which 
the  pilot  would  carry — two  green  lights — and 
said    the    boat    was   to    lie    outside.     1    knew 


1*6 


CLEAR  ISLAND/"? 


.This    map    shows    the   place   wher3    Casement     landed  from  the  German  submarine,  and  the 
tort  at  which  he  was  arrested. 


137 


This  map  shows  the  spot  where  the  we3sel  with    tha  arms  from  Germany  was  sunK, 


133 


by  this  time  that  a  vessel  supposed  to  contain 
arms  and  ammunition  had  been  sunk.  He 
said  "No,  that  could  not  be.  The  boat  was 
not  to  come  in  until  Monday  or  to-night."  I 
then  questioned  him  as  to  how  he  knew,  and 
he  then  told  me  his  name,  and  said  he  was 
one  of  three,  the  "others  being  Casement  and 
Monteith.  He  also  told  me  "that  he  landed 
from  a  German  submarine  or.  Friday  morning. 
I  told  him  that  I  would  take  a  statement  in  m 
him  in  writing  later  on,  and  I  left  him  to  take 
some  telegrams.  On  return  I  told  him  I 
would  take  a  statement  from  him  if  he  was 
still  m  illing  to  give  it  to  me.  He  asked  me  if 
I  would  promise  on  my  honour  net  to  publish 
it  -while  he  was  in  the  neighbourhood.  T 
told  him  I  would  not.  He  also  asked  me  if  I 
■  would  move  him  away  from  there  as  soon  as 
possible,  and  I  told  him  I  would.  Ths 
statement  he  gave  to  me  himself.  I  ques- 
tioned him  myself,  but  only  to  keep  his  narra- 
tive in  some  sort  of  order. 

MR.    JONES    RAISES    AN    OBJECTION. 

At  this  point  Mr.  Jones  rose  and  objected 
to  the  admissibility  of  the  statement  on  the 
grounds  that  there  existed  in  the  case  certain 
conditions  which  vitiated  anything  in  the 
nature  of  a  confession. 

Sir  Frederick  Smith  submitted  that  the 
statement  was  evidence. 

Sir  John  Dickinson  6aid  it  was  clear  that  a 
confession  to  be  admissisble  must  be  free  and 
voluntary,  and  there  must  be  no  promise  of 
any  kind  of  favour  or  assistance  or  threat. 
It  seemed  to  him,  upon  the  evidence,  that  the 
man  was  wishful  to  make  a  statement  which 
might  or  might  not  be  a  protection  to  him 
in  the  future.  But  he  was  anxious  to  make 
it,  and  also  to  be  protected  from  the  result  of 
the  statement.  As  he  was  told  that  anv  state- 
ment must  be  an  entirelv  voluntary  cne,  he 
(Sir  John  Dickinson)  could  not  hold  lhat  there 
was  any  inducement  to  him  to  make  a  statc- 
irent. 

The  District  Inspector,  resuming  his  evi- 
dence, said  that  when  he  had  taken  the  state- 
ment Bailey  said — "If  you  bring  it 
in  evidence  I  will  go  back  on 
it  "  Witness        said — "What       else        do 

you  suppose  I  wrote  it  down  for?" 
After  taking  the  stalement,  witness  f.eiit  an 
escort  for  Bailey,  and  lie  was  brought  to 
Tra!":.  In  the  sleeve  pocket  of  one  of  the 
three  overcoats  picked  up  on  the  cr.nd  he 
found  a  sleeping  car  ticket  from  Berlin  to 
Wilhelmshaven.  It  was  dated  April  11-12, 
1916. 

Cross-examined  by  Mr.  J^nes,  witness  said 
that  after  Bestick  left  the  room  he  remained 
with  Bailey  about  m  Tmnr  and  a  half.  He 
was  at  Arelfert  on  the  Good'  Friday,  and  there 
f.-iw  Sir  Roger  Casement,  though'  he  did  not 
then  know  his  identity.  He  had  a  very  good 
idea,  but  he  didn't  know  for  certain.  He 
meant  when  he  said  bo  would  give  him  pro- 
tction  that  it  would  be  from  any  violence  in 
th     neighbourhood. 

SIR    ROGER    CASEMENTS    PENS30N. 

John  Anthony  Cecil  Tilley,  Chief  "lerk  at 
the    Foreign   Office,   produced    a   ietter    elated 


June  19th,  1911,  written  by  Sir  Roger  Case- 
ment to  Sir  Edward  Grey  in  acknowledgment 
of  his  knighthood.  It  was  addressed  from 
"  The  Savoy,"  Denham,  Bucks.  The  letter 
was  not  read,  Mr.  Travers  Humphreys  re- 
marking that  it  had  already  been  given  in  the 
Attorney-General's  opening  statement.  Wit- 
ness also  produced  from  the  Foreign  Office 
records  the  official  history  of  Sir  Roger  Case- 
ment, and  said  that  afte-  September  30th, 
1914,  the  pension  of  Sir  Roger  Casement  was 
stopped  by  direction  of  the  Treasury. 

Replying  to  Mr.  Jones,  the  witness  said  he 
did  not  know  that  the  order  suspending  Sir 
Roger  Casement's  pension  was  not  made  until 
February,  1915,  nor  that  the  quarterly  pen- 
sion from  June  to  September,  1914,  is  still 
lying  in  Sir  Roger  Casement's  bank.  The 
amount  of  Sir  Roger  Casement's  pension,  was 
£421  13s.  4d.  a  year. 

Joseph  Brennan,  of  Sallins,  Co.  Clare,  for- 
merly a  private  in  the  Irish  Guards,  was  the 
last  witness  called.  He  said  that  he  wc::t  to 
France  about  the  end  of  August,  1914,  and 
was  taken  prisoner  by  the  Germans  after 
being  wounded  on  September  6th  of  that  yoar. 
He  wTas  conveyed  bncL  to  a  field  hospital,  and 
then  to  Cologne,  afterwards  being  transferred 
to  Metzberg,  and  then  to  Limberg.  He 
reached  the  camp  at  the  latter  place  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1915,  and  found  there  a  large  number 
of  Irish  pFi*>acrs.  While  there  he  was  not 
individual^  s44ressed  by  anyone,  but  he 
heard  a  m«*s  T»*kp  a  speech  to  a  number  of 
the  prisoner.  He  recognised  him  a^  Sk 
Roger  Casement  in  the  dock. 

Witness  added  that  he  did  not  hear  vhat 
Sir  Roger  Casement  said  to  the  men.  an  J  did 
not  hear  him  addressing  any  of  the  Irish  pri- 
soners. 

Sir  John  Dickinson  then  formally  charged 
the  accused  with  high  treason,  and  committed 
them  for  trial  at  a  place  a..J  time  t^  be  fixed 
thereafter. 


THE   T£7*L. 

Sir  Roger  Casement  was  placed  on  his  trial 
at  the  Royal  Courts  of  Justice  in  ~»onJoa 
on  Monday,  2Cth  June,  on  a  charge  of  high 
treason.  His  judges  were  the  Lord  «-ni?f 
Justice  (Lord  Reading),  JV» r.  Justice  Avory, 
and  Mr.  Justice  Horndge.  He  had  an 
imposing  array  of  legal  representativss 
who  were  led  by  Serjeant  Sullivan,  an  Irish 
K  C,  and  a  member  of  the  English  Junior 
Bar.  With  him  were  Mr.  Artemus  Jones,  and 
Professor  J.  H.  Morgan,  who  watched  the  in- 
terests of  accused  before  the  magistrate  at 
Bow  street,  and  a  distinguished  American 
lawyer,  Mr.  Francis  Doyle,  was  present  in  an 
advisory  capacity.  For  the  Crown  there 
appeared  the  Attorney- General  (Sir  Frederick 
Smith),  the  Solicitor-General  (Sir  George 
Cave),  and  Mr.  Bodkin  and  Mr.  Travers 
Humphreys,  well  known  representatives  of 
the  Director  of  Public  Prosecutions,  in  cases 
of  lesser  importance.  The  trial  was  beard 
in  the  Lord  Chief  Justice's  Court,  the  largest 
court  in  the  building,  but  not  nearly  adequate 
to    accommodate    all    those    members    of    th* 


139 


general  public  who  would  have  nocked  to  the 
proceedings  as  to  a  public  spectacle. 

Casement,  deprived  then  of  the  fellowship 
in  the  dock  of  Bailey,  the  ex-soldier, 
was  a  new  Casement — debonnair  and  confident, 
fashionably  dressed'  in  a  braided  morning  coat, 
with  vest  slip,  dark  tie,  his  hair  carefully 
tended  and  his  beard  trimmed — once  more  the 
cultured  civil  servant.  His  sensitive  face  had" 
lost  its  wonted  air  of  brooding,  and  his  entiy 
to  the  court  between  the  parted  green  curtains 
was  an  object  lesson  in  careless  grace  of  move 
ment. 

The  master  of  the  Crown  Office,  in  the 
place  usually  occupied  by  the  Clerk,  read  the 
long  indictment,  and  Casement  listened,  one 
hand  in  his  trouser's  pocket,  the  other  hold- 
ing his  chin,  apparently  but  faintly  in- 
terested. 

THE    CHARGE. 

The  indictment  against  him  was  in  the  fol- 
lowing terms  : — 

"  Sir  Roger  David  Casement,  otherwise 
known  as  Sir  Roger  Casement.  Knight,  on  the 
1st  December,  1914,  and  on  divers  other  davs 
thereafter,  and  between  that  day  and  the  21st 
April,  1916,  being  then  to  wit,  on  the  said 
several  days  a  British  subject,  and  whilst,  on 
the  said  several  days  an  open  and  public  war 
was  being:  prosecuted  and  carried  on  by  the 
German  Emperor  and  his  subjects  against  our 
lord  the  King  and  his  subjects,  then  and  on 
the  said  several  days  traitorous.lv  contriving 
and  intending  to  aid  and  ass;st  the  said 
enemies  of  our  lord  the  King,  aeainst  our  lord 
the  King  and  his  subiects,  did  traitorously 
adhere  to  and  did  comfort  the  said  enemies 
in  parts  beyond  the  seas,  without  this  realm 
of  England,  to  wit,  in  the  Empire  of  Ger- 
many." 

ATTORNEY-GENERAL'S   STATEMENT. 

The  Attorney-General  then  rose  to  open  the 
case  for  the  Crown.  He  said  that  the  charge 
against  the  prisoner  was  the  grnv.?st  known  to 
the  law.  The  law  of  treason  was  principally 
founded  upon  a  statute  as  old  as  the  reign  of 
King  Edward  111.  In  this  case  the  Crown 
alleged  that  the  prisoner  had  been  guilty  of 
the  most  heinous  crime — that  he  had  adhered 
to  the  King's  enemies,  and  had  attempted  to 
seduce  His  Majesty's  soldiers  from  their 
allegiance.  It  will  be  for  you  to  say,  con- 
tinued the  Attorney-General,  if  the  case  is 
proved,  whether  there  are  any  extenuating 
circumstances,  or  whether  it  is  aggravated 
by  the  relationship  in  which  he  formerly 
stood  to  the  Sovereign,  whom  he  has  betrayed 
and  the  country  which  he  has  struck.  The 
Attorney-General  described'  Casement  as  an 
able  and  cultivated  man,  versed  in  affairs,  and 
experienced  in  political  matters.  He  was  not 
a  lifelong  rebel  against  England,  and  all  that 
England  stood  for,  as  others  well  known  in 
history  had  been.  His  career  had  not  been 
without  public  distinction,  and  the  earlier 
etages  of  it,  it  might  even  now  be  remem- 
bered to  his  credit,  were  directed,  not  to  the 
destruction  of  the  power  of  this  great  Em- 
pire, but  to  its  consolidation  and  development. 
The  Attorney-General  next  proceeded  to  out- 
line the  career   of  Casement,   mainly   dealing 


with  the  Consular  posts  which  lie  had  filled, 
and  to  his  inquiries  relative  to  the  rubber 
industry  while  he  was  Consul-General  at  Rio 
de  Janeiro.  In  1905  he  was  made  a  G'.M.G. 
in  recognition  of  his  public  services,  and  in 
1911  he  was  made  a  Knight  and  received  the 
Coronation  medal.  After  a  career  of  public 
usefulness  he  was  retired  on  a  pension. 
A    WELL-EARNED    PENSION. 

This  pension,  said  the  Attorney-General, 
had  been  honourably  earned,  and  it  would, 
therefore,  be  neither  necessary  nor  proper  to 
refer  to  it,  were  it  not  for  the  sinister  and 
wicked  activities  of  the  period  which  I  am 
approaching.  The  pension  was  drawn  be- 
tween October  2nd,  1913,  and  October  7th, 
1914.  Casement  did  not  send  in  the  necessary 
claim  for  it  after  the  latter  date,  and  at  the 
same  time  the  Treasury  directed  that  it  should 
cease  to  be  paid.  The  Attorney-General  then 
repeated  the  substance  of  his  statement  at 
the  opening  of  the  p -iceedings  at  Bow  street, 
and  concluded  by  saying  that  the  prisoner, 
blinded  by  hatred  t~>  this  country,  as  malig- 
nant in  quality  as  sudden  in  origin,  had 
played  a  desperate  hazard  :  "  He  has  played 
it,  and  he  has  lost  it,  and  the  forfeit  is 
claimed." 

Evidence  was  then  given  by  John  Crone, 
of  Cork,  formerly  a  private  in  the  Royal 
Munster  Fusiliers ;  Daniel  O'Brien,  formerly 
of  the  Leinster  Regiment  and  the  19th 
Hussars ;  Corporal  John  Robinson,'  Belfast, 
R.A.M.C.;  Michael  O'Connor,  a  one-armed 
corporal  of  the  Royal  Irish  Regiment ; 
Private  Michael  Moore.  R.A.M.C  who  were 
prisoners  of  war  in  Germany,  and  heard  Case- 
ment lecture  the  Irishmen  in  the  camps.  Their 
evidence  was  in  substance  the  same  as  that 
given  at  Bow  street. 

PRIVATE    JOHN    NEILL. 

John  Neill,  of  the  18th  Royal  Irish,  said 
that  at  Hanover  a  German  General  made  a 
speech. 

Serjeant  Sullivan  objected  to  the  speecn. 
as  evidence,  and  this  was  upheld. 

Witness  added  that  it  was  a  very  sm^l 
speech.  (Laughter.)  On  one  Sunday  thev 
were  supposed  to  go  to  Charch  Service,  but 
on  reaching  the  barrack  room  ..'bey  found 
Casement  on  a  table  getting  ready  for  a 
speech.  He  had  an  Irish  Brigade  book  in  his 
hand.  He  said  he  was  going  away  for  a 
fortnight,  and  when  he  came  back  he  wished 
to  see  fifty  names  in  the  hook. 

The  Solicitor-General — Did  he  say  who 
would  take  the  Irish  Brigade? 

Witness — The  German  Government.  Witness 
then  gave  his  recollection  of  Casement's 
speech.  He  said  that  Irishmen  were  all  to 
join  one  brigade,  and  if  Germany  gained  a 
naval  victory  it  would  land  in  Ireland,  and 
strike  a  blow  for  old'  Ireland  once  again  to 
gain  Home  Rule.  He  also  said  that  the  Ger- 
mans very  much  liked  tJe  Irish,  and  the 
Irish  very  much  liked  the  Germans.  He  also 
said  that  Ireland  now  had  the  strongest 
Power  in  the  world  at  her  back.  No  ona 
signed  the  book,  and  when  Casement  returnad 
from     Berlin  he     said  he     was     very     dis- 


140 


uppointed.  "  What  are  you  Irishmen  think- 
ing of,"  he  asked,  "  that  you  won't  go  and 
fight  for  your  country  at  this  time?"  Case- 
ment told  them  that  the  Irish  Brigade  was 
first  to  help  the  Turks  against  the  Russians ; 
secondly,  the  Germans  against  the  British, 
and'  then  they  were  to  go  and  shed  their  blood 
for  their  own  native  country. 

john  McCarthy. 

At  the  sitting  of  the  Court  on  Tuesday,  27th 
June, 

John  McCarthy,  farmer,  of  Currahane, 
said  that  at  2  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  21st 
April  (Good  Friday)  he  went  about  a  mile 
from  his  home.  The  night  was  dark.  He 
saw  a'  collapsible  boat  about  twenty  yards 
from  the  shore.  In  the  boat  he  found  a 
dagger,  and  on  the  bank  a  tin  box.  Ha  saw 
a  little  girl  playing  with  three  revolvers.  He 
gave  the  things  he  found  to  the  police,  who 
took  them  to  the  barracks. 

Cross-examined  by  Serjeant  Sullivan,  -wit- 
ness said  he  went  out  at  that  early  hour  to 
go  to  the  holy  well  to  say  a  few  prayers.  He 
was  never  saying  prayers  at  that  well  before 

Mary  Gorman,  a  servant,  repeated  her  pre- 
vious evidence,  and  in  answer  to  Serjeant 
Sullivan  said  her  usual  hour  for  being  up 
was  4  o'clock  in  the  morning. 

SERGEANT   THOMAS   HEARN,    R.I.C. 

Sergeant  Thomas  John  Hearn,  R.I.C, 
stationed  at  Ardi'ert,  after  re-stating  the  evi- 
dence he  gave  at  Bow  street,  was  cross- 
examined  by  Serjeant  Sullivan,  in  answer  to 
whose  questions  he  said  that  in  1914,  before 
the  war,  there  had  been  a  considerable  im- 
portation of  arms.  In  consequence  at  what 
happened  in  the  North  of  Ireland  people  were 
arming  in  the  South,  and  bearing  arms 
openly,  without  interference  by  the  public 
authorities.  Witness  agiifed'  that  the  sus- 
pension of  the  Home  Rule  Bill  aggravated 
the  unrest  in  the  country. 

Constable  Reilly,  R.I.C,  spoke  of  arresting 
Casement  in  the  fort,  and  Martin  Collins 
spoke  to  finding  papers  where  he  had  seen 
the  prisoner. 

DISTRICT    INSPECTOR    CRITTftlN. 

District  Inspector  Brittain,  R.I.C,  Tralee, 
produced  a  tirst  class  sleeping  ticket  tro  n 
Berlin  to  Williamshaven,  dated  11th  12th 
April.     It  was  in   the  prisoner's  pocket. 

Cross-examined,  witness  was  taken  through 
many  speeches  and  articles  published  in  Ihe 
Irish  newspapers.  One  speech  from  the  Irish 
Times  of  July  14th,  1313,  pointed'  out  ;hab 
there  was  a  majority  of  over  thirty  against 
the  Home  Rule  Bill,  and  added  :  "  We  can 
rely  upon  tens  of  thousands  of  people  in  Eng- 
land who  are  prepared  to  assist  us."  The 
witness,  failing  to  find  the  speech  in  the 
newspaper,  asked   whoso  speech   it  was. 

Serjeant  Sullivan — Oh,  well,  I  could*  giv9 
you  the  name,  but  1  am  a  little  diffident. 
(Laughter.) 

Counsel  (reading) — "In  their  determination 
to  resist  they  would  have  the  support  of  thou- 
sands of  people  in  England,  amongst  whom  1 
should  have  the  pleasure  of  reckoning  myself." 
Serjeant  Sullivan  added — The  author  of  that  is 


not  here  to  earn  his  meed  t '  praise  at  this 
moment.     (Laughter.) 

Then,  under  the  heading,  "  Sir  Edward 
Carson,"  Serjeant  Sullivan  read  :  "  He  could 
add  this,  as  a  ^ord  of  partial  assurance,  that 
they  had  many  powerful  friends  in  England 
who  thought  as  he  did.  That  it  was  all  very 
well  to  talk  of  the  great  forca  which  might 
be  marshalled  behind  the  Government,  which 
could  be  used'  in  the  event  of  extreme  neces- 
sity in  Ulster.  The  reply  to  that  was  that  the 
forces  of  the  Crown  were  the  servants  of 
the  nation,  and  the  employment  of  these 
forces  would  be  a  monstrous  crime." 

Serjeant  Sullivan  was  m'oeeeding  to  read 
other  extracts,  but  the  Lord  Chief  Justi-e 
said  that  counsel  had  gone  far  enough. 

Leading  Signalman  Waghorn,  of  H.M  S. 
Bluebell ;  John  Dempsey,  diver ;  Colonel 
Belaiey,  of  the  Russian  Army,  and  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Gordon,  Intelligence  Department, 
War  Office,  having  repeated  their  previous 
evidence,  the  latter  proved  that  the  maps  said 
to.  have  been  dropped  by  Casement  were  pro- 
cess copies  of  the  Ordnance  Survey  maps  of 
Ireland.  The  maps  closely  resembled  the 
maps  of  Middle  Europe  prepared  by  the 
German  Government. 

APPLICATION    TO    QUASH    THE    INDICTMENT. 

Serjeant  Sullivan  rose  to  argue  his 
case  for  quashing  the  indictment,  the 
matter  having  been  raised  by  him  at  the 
opening  of  the  case,  but  postponed  at  the 
suggestion  of  the  Court.  His  point  was 
tnat  the  indictment  disclosed  no  offence 
known  to  the  law  and  tryable  before  the 
Court.  He  would,  he  said,  have  to  occupy 
a  considerable  time,  and  he  was  surrounded 
by  piles  of  law  books,  from  which,  when  he 
began,  he  quoted  precedents  going  back  to 
the    earliest   time 

The  Lord  Ofekl  Justice  said  that  whatever 
time  Serjeant  Sullivan  required  was  at  bis 
disposal,  as  it  was  essential  that  he  should 
have  all   the  time  he  wished. 

Serjeant  Sullivan  had  not  concluded  his 
argument  when   the  Court  adjourned. 

At  the  sitting  of  the  Court  on  Wednesday, 
28th  June, 

Serjeant  Sullivan  asked  that  the  argument 
for  the  defence  might  be  resumed  by  Mr. 
Morgan,  h«  he  himself  felt  a  little  taxed 
aftei    hi*  effort*  on  the  previous  dav. 

The  Lord  Chief  Justice  said  that  there  was 
a  difficulty  in  the  way.  The  law  provided 
for  only  two  counsel  when  counsel  were  as- 
signed for  the  defence.  The  Court  would, 
however,  reserve  the  point,  and  allow  Mr, 
Morgan  to  appear. 

Mr.  Morgan  contended  that  as  far  back  as 
Philip  and  Mary,  no  offence  committed  out- 
side the  Realm  was  triable  here  by  the  Courts 
of  common  law.  The  evidence  was  over- 
whelming. 

The  Attorney-General  submitted  that  the 
objection  of  the  defence  v  as  ill-founded,  arid 
could  not  be  supported. 

TH*t  LORD  CHIEF  JUSTICE. 

The  Lord  Chief  Justice  said  that  a  submrs- 
sion   had   been   made   by   the  counsel  for   the 


141 


defence — that  the  indictment  should  be 
quashed  on  the  ground  that  it  disclosed  no 
offence  known  to  the  English  law.  Another 
way  to  put  the  same  proposition  was  that 
the  Court  should  rule,  according  to  the 
contention  of  the  defence,  tkat  the  Crown 
had  failed  to  prove  any  offence  in  law.  The 
case  advanced  and  supported  by  careful,  well- 
reasoned,  and  able  argument  by  Sir.  Sullivan 
and  those  with  him,  was  in  effect  that 
adherence  to  the  King's  enemies  without  the 
realm  was  not  an  offence  against  the  Statute 
of  Edward  HI.,  1351.  The  argument  was 
that  the  Court  must  construe  the  Statute  of 
1351,  and  must  pay  no  regard  to  any  com- 
mentary that  may  have  been  made  by  learned 
authors  in  the  past,  however  distinguished, 
in  arriving  at  the  meaning  of  the  words — - 
that  the  Court  inust  interpret  the  words  of 
the  Statute  was  beyond  question.  That  they 
were  not  entitled  to  do  violence  to  the  words 
of  the  Statute  might  be  assumed.  But  if  the 
words  of  the  Statute  were  not  clear,  and  if 
it  were  possible  to  construe  the  Statute  in 
two  different  ways,  then  the  comments  of 
great  lawyers,  masters  of  the  common  law, 
during  the  last  threo  or  four  centuries,  could 
not  be  allowed  to  pass  without  the  greatest 
regard  and  consideration.  He  had  no  hesita- 
tion himself  in  stp.ting  that  if  a  man  adhered 
to  the  King's  enemies  without  the  realm  he 
committed  the  offenco  of  treason  at  common 
law,  notwithstanding  that  the  offence  was 
committed  without  the  realm.  The  State 
assumed  that  the  offencu  of  treason  could  1  e 
committed  without  the  realm,  and  the 
Statute  of  Henry  VIII.  provided  for  it.  The 
doubts  that  had  arisen  from  beginning  to 
end,  so  far  as  they  bad  been  able  to  trace 
them,  were  never  as  to  the  offence,  but  only 
as  to  the  venue.  He  bad  come  to  the  con- 
clusion that  the  offence,  if  proved  in  fact, 
had  been  committed  in  law.  Notwithstanding 
the  learned  and  able  arguments  that  had  been 
put  forward,  the  motion  mu«t  be  refused. 
Justices   Avory    and    Horridge  concurred. 

SIR  ROGER  nn5F!|JEN-'S  PERSONAL 
STATEMENT. 

After  luncheon  the  Lord  Chief  Justice  told 
the  jury  that  the  statement  the  prisoner 
wished  to  make  was  not  upon  oath,  and  he 
could'  not  be  cross-examined. 

Sir  Roger  Casement  then  rose  in  the  dock, 
and  sought,  and  obtained,  the  consent  of  the 
Court  to  his  reading  the  statement : — 

My  lords  and  gentlemen  of  the  jury,  he 
commenced,  softly,  I  desire  to  eay  a  few 
words  only  with  reference  to  some  allusions 
made  by  the  prosecution.  As  to  my  pension 
and  the  honour  of  knighthood  conferred  upon 
me,  I  shall  say  one  word  only.  The  pension 
I  had  earned  by  services  rendered,  and  it  was 
assigned  by  law.  The  knighthood  it  was  not 
in  my  power  to  refuse.  But  there  are  mis- 
statements given  in  the  evidence  against  me 
which  I  shall  refute.  First — I  never  at  any  time 
advised  Irishmen  to  tight  with  Turks  against 
•RiiM-ians,  nor  to  fight  with  the  Germans 
ot  the  Western  front.  Second— I  never  asked 
an   Irishman   to   fight    for   Germany.     1   have 


always  claimed  that  he  has  no  right  to  fight 
for  any  land  but  Ireland.  Third— The  hor- 
rible insinuation  that  I  got  my  own  people's 
rations  reduced  to  starvation  point  because 
they  did  not  join  the  Irish  Brigade  is  an 
abominable  falsehood.  Rations  were  neces- 
sarily reduced  throughout  Germany  owing  to 
the  blockade,  and  they  were  reduced  to  Irish 
prisoners  at  exactly  the  same  time  and  to  the 
same  extent  as  for  the  German  soldiers  and 
the  entire  population  of  Germany.  The  other 
suggestion  that  men  were  sent  to  punishment 
camps  at  my  instance  for  not  joining  the  Irish 
Brigade  is  one  I  need  hardly  pause  to  refute. 
It  is  devoid  of  all  foundation.  Fourth- 
There  is  a  widespread  imputation  of  German 
gold.  I  owe  it  to  those  in  Ireland  who  are 
assailed  with  me  on  this  very  ground  to  nail 
this  lie  once  for  all.  It  was  published  in  the 
newspapers  in  America,  and  originated  in  this 
country,  and  I  cabled  to  America  and  in- 
structed my  American  lawTyer  to  proceed 
against  those  papers  for  libel.  Those  who 
know  me  know  the  incredibility  of  this 
malicious  invention.  Th'-y  know  from  my 
past  record  that  I  have  never  sold  myself  to 
any  man  or  any  Government.  From  the  first 
moment  I  landed  on  the  Continent  until  I 
came  home  again  to  Ireland  I  neither  asked 
nor  accepted  a  single  penny  of  foreign  money, 
either  for  myself  or  for  any  Trish  cause,  nor 
for  any  purpose  whatever,  but  only  the  money 
of  Irishmen.  I  refute  so  obvious  a  slander, 
because  it  was  so  often  made  until  I  came 
back. 

MONEY  OFFERED  !N  GERMANY. 
Money  was  offered  to  me  in  Germany  more 
than  once,  and  offered  liberally  and  uncondi- 
tionally, but  I  rejected  every  suggestion  of 
that  kind,  and  I  left  Germany  a  poorer  man 
than  I  entered  it.  Money  I  could  always  ob- 
tain from  my  own  countrymen,  and  I  am  not 
ashamed  here  to  acknowledge  the  debt  of 
gratitude  I  owe  to  many  Irish  friends  and 
sympathisers  who  did  freely  and  gladly  help 
me  when  I  was  on  the  Continent.  I  take 
the  opportunity  here  of  stating  how  deeply 
1  have  been  touched  by  the  generosity 
and  loyalty  of  those  English  friends  of 
mine,  who  have  given  me  proof  of  their 
atiding  friendship  during  these  last  dark 
weeks  of  strain  and  trial.  I  trust,  gentlemen 
of  the  jury,  that  1  have  made  that  statement 
clearly  and  emphatically  enough  for  all  men, 
even  for  my  most  bitter  enemies,  to  compre-. 
hend  that  a  man  who  in  the  newspapers  b 
just  another  Irish  traitor  may  be  a  gentleman^ 
There  is  another  matter  I  wish  to  touch  on. 
The  Attorney-General  for  England  thought  ifc 
consistent  with  the  tradition  of  which  he  is 
the  public  representative  to  make  a  veiled  al« 
lusion,  in  his  opening  address,  to  the  rising  in 
Ireland,  of  which  he  has  brought  forward  no 
evidence  in  this  case,  from  first  to  last,  and 
to  which,  therefore,  you  and  I,  as  laymen, 
would  have  supposed  that  he  would  have 
scrupulously  refrained  from  referring.  Sine© 
the  rising  has  been  mentioned,  however,  I 
must  state  categorically  thaWth*  rebellion  was 
not  made  in  Germany,  that  it  was  not 
directed  from  Germany,   that  it  was  not  ia* 


142 


spired  from  Germany,  and  that  not  one  penny 
of  German  gold  went  to  finance  it.  Gentle- 
men, I  have  touched  on  these  personal  matters 
alone  because  they  were  intended  to  reflect  on 
my  honour,  and  calculated  to  tarnish  the 
cause  that  I  hold  dear. 

When  he  had  finished  reading,  Sir  Roger 
Casement  quietly  thanked  the  Court,  and  re- 
sumed his  seat,  his  demeanour  having  ob- 
viously made  an  impression  on  the  crowded 
coitri. 

MR.  fcCRJSflNV  SULLIVAN. 

Mr.  Serjeant  Sullivan  then  addressed  the 
Court.  He  told  the  jury  to  put  aside  all  pre- 
conceived notions  arising  from  outside  the 
court,  and  to  remember  that  it  was  a  trial  for 
the  life  of  a  man,  but  more  than  that — Sir 
Roger  Casement  was  not  a  countryman  of 
theirs.  He  thought  differently  and  acted 
differently,  and  that  made  the  task  of  the 
jury  by  no  means  an  easy  one.  They  had  to 
consider  the  motives  and  the  intentions  of  a 
man  who  was  not  of  their  race.  It  was  true 
fcflai  Sir  Roger  Casement  went  to  Germany. 
Bali  did  be  ever  ask  any  Irishman  to  fight  for 
Germany?  No;  he  asked  them  to  join  the 
Irfoh  Brigade,  to  fight  for  their  own  land, 
and  not  one  of  the  men  to  whom  he  spoke  at 
Limburg  had  fired  a  shot  for  Germany. 
Counsel  stated  that  there  was  no  connection 
whatever  between  Sir  Roger  Casement  and 
the  ship  which  sank  off  Ireland.  He  objected 
to  the  statement  of  the  Attorney-General  that 
Sir  Roger  Casement  was  in  the  employment  of 
England..  He  was,  said  counsel,  in  the  ser- 
vice of  the  British  Empire.  Then  counsel 
went  on  to  speak  of  the  arming  of  Ulster  and 
the  landing  of  German  rifles  there,  which  at 
the  end  of  the  war  would  break  up  Ireland  in 
two  halves.  It  was  to  fight  against  this 
denial  of  Irish  rights  that  the  Irish  Brigade 
was  to  be  formed,  especially  as  Ulster  was 
using  these  things  while  the  authorities  were 
belp!ess. 

At  this  point  the  Attorney-General  objected 
to  the  statements.  There  v  as  no  evidence 
that  German  rifles  were  landed  in  the  North 
of  Ireland. 

The  Lord  Chief  Justice  said  that  the  Cou  t 
had  allowed  Mr.  Suliivan  great  latitude,  a* 
he  had  constantly  referred  to  hntters  which 
were  not  in  evidence. 

Mr.  Serjeant  Sullivan,  who  had  been  speak- 
ing with  great  fervour,  apjlogiscd.  and  re- 
sumed his  address.  He  had  not  gone  far 
before  it  was  obvious  that  his  strength  was 
failing,  and  at  last  he  told  the  Court  that  he 
was  exhausted,  and  could  go  no  farther. 

The  Lord  Chief  Justice  at  once  adjourned 
till  the  morning. 

Mr.  Serjeant  Sullivan  sat  quietly  for  a 
phort  time,  and,  with  the  aid  of  restoratives, 
recovered  sufficiently  to  be  able  to  leave  the 
court  with  his  friends. 

MR.    SERJEANT    SULLIVAN     ABSENT. 

When  the  case  opened  on  Thursday,  18th 
June  Serjeant  Sullivan  was  not  present,  and 
sympathetic  inquiries  -were  made  by  the 
Attorney-General  and  others. 

On  the  judges  taking  their  peats,  Mr. 
Artemus  Jones  rose,  and  said  that  his  learned 


leader,  on  the  advice  of  his  doctor,  could  not 
be  present,  and  he  asked  to  be  allowed  to 
continue  the  speech  of  his  leader. 

The  Lord  Chief  Justice  said  he  was  sorry 
that  Mr.  Sullivan  was  not  able  to  be  present, 
but  it  was  obvious  that  he  was  labouring 
under  the  strain  of  the  previous  day's  pro- 
ceedings. 

The  Court  consented  to  Mr.  Jones's  applica- 
tion. 

Mr.  Artemus  Jones,  addressing  the  jury, 
said  Sir  Roger  Casement  had  played 
a  part  in  consolidating  the  Empire.  The 
Attorney-General  had  asked  what  had  hap- 
pened to  convert  this  loyal  and  dutiful  son  of 
the  Empire  to  the  man  he  was  now  said  by 
the  Crown  to  be.  That  was  the  question 
asked  by  the  Attorney-General,  and  the 
answer  was  in  the  evidence  and  in  the 
speeches  which  had  been  circulated  in  the 
Irish  newspapers.  He  then  proceeded  to  read 
certain  passages  to  emphasise,  as  he  said,  that 
the  state  of  things  which  prevailed  in  Ireland 
prior  to  the  war  must  have  gone  on  subse- 
•  quently  in  Ireland.  There  was  a  community 
full  of  deep  and  btter  memories  of  what  they 
considered  to  be  wrongs,  and  it  was  impor- 
tant for  the  jury  to  bear  that  fact  in  mind, 
because  it  was  only  when  there  were  armed 
movements  in  the  north  that  this  loyal  ser- 
vant of  the  Empire  became  connected  with 
anything  in  the  nature  of  arms.  If  the  At- 
torney-General wanted  a  complete  answer 
to  the  question  he  put,  he  (Mr.  Jones)  sug- 
gested that  that  answer  might  be  found  in 
the  newspaper  extracts  which  caused  Sir 
Roger  Casement  to  start  the  Irish  National 
Volunteer  movement. 

TH~  ATTORNEY-GENERAL. 

The  Attorney-General  paid  a  strking  testi- 
mony to  the  ability  of  Serjeant  Sullivan,  and 
went  on  to  ask — Why,  at  the  very  moment 
that  Germany  made  her  tiger  spring  at 
Europe,  d  d  the  prisoner  go  to  Germany  at 
all?  How  did  he  get  there?  What  was  the 
arrangement  by  which  he  went  to  Germany? 
How  was  it,  when  this  country  was  at  war  with 
Germany,  when  Irish  soldiers  on  the  field  of 
battle  had  been  made  prisoners  by  German 
arms—how  was  it  that  they  found  the  prisoner 
for  months  a  free  man  in  Germany,  moving 
without  restriction  in  whatever  part  of  Ger- 
many Irish  soldiers  were  confined,  without 
control,  or  interference,  going  among 
them  and  attempting  to  seduce  them 
from  their  allegiance?  No  answer  had  been 
given  to  that  question,  and  no  answer  could 
be  given  consistent  with  the  integrity  and  in- 
nocence of  the  prisoner. 

THE    LORD  CHir?   JUSTICE. 

The  Lord  Chief  Justice,  in  summing  up, 
said: — "This  is  a  trial  of  supreme  im- 
portance. The  charge  against  the  prisoner  is 
the  gravest  known  in  law."  Then,  after  a 
pause,  he  joined  in  the  tribute  to  the  way  in 
which  the  case  for  the  defence  had  been  con- 
ducted, and  made  general  recognition  of  the 
way  in  which  all  counsel  had  assisted  the 
Court.  His  Lordship  then  got  back  to  the 
enormity   of   the   crime   of    treason.        At   all 


143 


times,  he  said,  to  betray  the  King — that  is  the 
State,  that  means  the  country,  and  that  means 
those  of  us  who  are  subject  to  the  King,  who 
live  in  a  common  society — is,  and  must  ever 
be,  the  most  odious  charge.  But  treason  in 
time  of  war,  by  adhering  to  the  Kinsr's 
enemies,  by  aiding  and  comforting  the  King's 
.  enemies  when  all  persons  in  this  country  j,re 
making  sacrifices  to  resist  the  enemy,  when  we 
are  all  combined,  whatever  our  views  may  be, 
to  defeat  the  common  enemy — treason  in  these 
times  is  almost  too  grave  for  expression.  It 
is  because  one  must  feel  that,  that  I  desire  to 
caution  you.  in  this  case  to  judge  of  it,  as  all 
criminal  cases  must  be  considered  and  judged, 
calmly  and  dispassionately;  and  let  me  re- 
mind you  that  it  is  very  necessary,  in  _i  case 
of  this  description,  where  the  defence  have 
thought  it  right  and  necessary  for  the  pur- 
poses of  their  case  to  introduce  political  con- 
siderations, to  concentrate  vour  attention- 
closely  and  exclusively  upon  the  evidence  be- 
fore vou.  Here  let  me  tell  you  what  has  been 
said  by  the  Attorney  General,  endorsing  the 
view  presented  to  yon  by  Mr,  Sullivan,  that 
ft  is  for  the  Crown  to  satisfv  vou  bevond 
reasonable  doubt  that  the  prisoner  is  guiltv  of 
the  charge  against  him.  Jt  is  not  for  the  de- 
fence to  disprove  it. 

POLITICS    IN    IRELAND. 

Proceeding,  the  Lord  Chief  Justice  said 
thi-y  had  heard  much  about  politics  in  Ire- 
Ian  1.  For  himself,  he  always  felt  anxietv  in 
a  court  of  justice  when  there  was  any  possi- 
bility of  the  introduction  of  political  passion. 
Justice  was  ever  in  jeopardy  when  passion  was 
aroustl.  They  must  pay  no  more  attention  to 
what  la  i  Seen  said  with  regard  to  the  condi- 
tion of  •  and  before  the  war  and  after  the 
war  th  was  necessarv  in  order  to  understand 
the  cir  umstances  in  this  case,  but  more  par- 
ticular! v  to  do  justice  to  the  defence  which 
had  be^-n  set  up.  He  urged  them  not  to  allow 
themse:ves  to  be  influenced  by  any  political 
opinion  I  cannot,  said  bis  lordship, 
but  th-nk  that  counsel  for  the  defence 
paid  the  bishest  compliment  to  the 
English  ftar  that  could  be  imagined,  when  he 
had  the  courage  to  address  you  as  he  did 
yesterday  upon  Ireland.  Jt  is  all  to  the  good 
that  it  wis  dene.  He  did  it  in  the  interests 
of  his  client,  to  present  to  you  his  client's 
point  of  view,  so  that  you  might  be  able  to 
gauge  his  client's  mind.  Conrng  to  tne  charge 
itself,  his  Lordship  asked  how,  and  under 
what  circumstances,  did  the  prisoner  go  to 
Germany.  They  had  no  evidence  that  he 
went  there  other  than  his  overt  acts.  His 
Lordship  explained  the  meaning  of  overt  acts, 
and  said  that,  although  half-a-dozen  might  be 
charged,  one  t-vert  act  proved  would  call  for 
a  verdict  of  guilty:  '  But  before  convicting 
the  prisoner  th^y  must  be  satisfied  of  his  in- 
tention and  purpose.  Counsel  for  the  defence 
hod  told  them  "ft  was  difficult  to  define  Ike, 
mind  of  an  Irish  nan.  You  never  really.  &>  d 
Ids  Lordshipj  can  get  at  tba  actual  thswg&l 
passing  throi.gh  a  wan's  mind  except  by  x>a- 
aidering  his  action.     A  man's  intenti^ft*  tJt 


to  be,  gathered  from  his  acts,  and  he  must  b» 
held  to  have  intended  the  natural  and  reason- 
able consequences  of  his  act.  It  was  open  to 
the  prisoner  to  go  into  the  witness  box  anc| 
be  cross-examined,  but  he  did  not  do  so. 
Why  did  the  prisoner  arrive  in  this  way  in 
Ireland?  Why  did  he  hide  in  a  fort  and  giva 
a  false  name?  Why  did  he  carry  a  "  code," 
and,  more  important,  why  did  he  drop  that 
when  arrested?  How  was  it  that  Germany 
allowed  him  to  leave  Germany,  and  how  was 
it  that  the  ship  was  painted  with  the  Nor- 
wegian colours,  and  that  before  she  went 
down  she  flew  the  German  flag?  If  arms  had 
been  landed  in  Ireland  to  help  those  who 
wished  to  create  discontent  at  that  time,  it 
would  have  been  very  useful  in  assigtirg  the 
enemy,  and  consequently  would  bo  weakening 
the  forces  of  the  King. 

THE  VERDICT. 

It  was  nearly  three  o'clock  v  hen 
the  jury  retired.  In  a  few  moments 
they  sent  for  the  original  "code"  and  for  a 
copy  of  the  indictment.  These  were  supplied 
to  them,  but  the  Lord  Chief  Justice  refused 
to  send  them  a  copy  of  the  evidence,  which 
they  also  asked  for.  At  ten  minutes  to  four 
the  judges  returned.  The  jury  soon  fol- 
lowed, and  Sir  Roger  Casement  again  entered 
the  dock. 

The  names  of  the  jury  having  been  called 
over,  they  were  asked  if  they  were  fe^reed 
upon  their  verdict.  The  foreman  said  that 
they  found  the  prisoner  guilty. 

Sir  Roger  Casement  was  asked  by  the  Clerk 
if  he  had  anything  to  say  why  sentence  of 
death  should  not  be  passed  upon  him  accord- 
ing to  law. 

THE     PRISONER'S    STATEMENT. 

Sir  Ro<jer  Casement  then  read  a  long  sf;. la- 
ment. At  first  he  appeared  to  be  extremely 
nervous,  but  he  grew  more  confident  as  he  pro- 
ceeded.     He  said  : — 

My  Lord  Chief  Justice,  as  I  wish  my  woHs 
to  reach  a  much  wider  audience  than  I  see  be- 
fore me  here,  T  intend  to  read  all  that  I  pro- 
pose to  say.  What  I  shall  read  now  is  some- 
thing I  wrote  more  fian  20  days  a<;o.  Thc-rc  ia 
"an  objection,  possibly  not  good  in  la1*;,  tut 
surely  good  on  moral  grounds,  against  the  ap- 
plication to  me  here  of  this  old  Cnglish  statute, 
565  years  old,  that  seeks  to  deprive  an  Irish- 
man to-day  of  life  and  honour,  not  for  "adher- 
ing to  the  King's  enemies,"  but  for  adhering 
to  his  own  people. 

When  this  statute  was  passed  in  1351,  *,A>*t 
was  the  state  of  men's  minds  on  the  question 
of  a  far  higher  allegiance — that  of  man  to  Go<* 
and  His  Kingdom?  The  law  of  that  d3,y  did1 
not  permit  a  man  to  forsake  his  Church  or 
deny  his  God  save  with  '*M  life.  The  "heretic" 
then  had  the  samedgfca.  •??  Abe  "traitor."  To- 
day a  man  may  f&rswear  God  and  His 
Iv2!v«nly  ifc&Im  without  fear  or  peJSfti£$  &M 
wurtier  alalia  tea  having  p.re  w**  wn.f  o* 
N*io'»  *<ii~A»  Against  the  C£r*Acia&»;  hut  thai 


144 


Constitutional  phantom,  "  The  Kng,"  can 
still  dig  up  from  the  dungeons  and  torture- 
chambers  of  the  Dark  Ages  a  law  that  takes 
a  man's  life  and  limb  for  an  exercise  of  con- 
science. 

If  true  religion  rests  on  love,  it  is  equatly 
true  that  loyalty  rests  on  love.  The  law  1 
am  charged  under  has  no  parentage  in  love 
and  claims  the  allegiance  of  to-day  on  the 
ignorance  and  blindness  of  the  past.  I  am 
being  tried  in  truth  not  by  my  peers  of  the 
live  present,  but  by  the  fears  of  the  dead 
past ;  not  by  the  civilisation  of  the  20th  cen- 
tury, but  by  the  brutality  of  the  14th;  not 
even  by  a  statute  framed  in  the  language  of 
the  land  that  tries  me,  but  emitted  in  the 
language  of  an  enemy  land — so  antiquated  is 
the  law  that  must  be  sought  to-day  to  slay  an 
Irishman  whose  offence  is  that  he  puts  Ire- 
land first ! 

Loyalty  is  a  sentiment,  not  a  law.  It  rests 
on  love,  not  on  restraint.  The  government  of 
Ireiand  by  England  rests  on  restraint  and  not 
on  law  ;  and  since  it  demands  no  love  it  can 
evoke  no  loyalty. 

THE    DEAD    HAND. 

But  this  statute  is  more  absurd  even  than 
it  is  antiquated  ;  and  if  it  be  potent  to  hang 
one  Irishman,  it  is  still  more  potent  to  gibbet 
al'  Englishmen.  Edward  III.  was  Ki/g  not 
only  of  the  Realm  of  England,  but  also  of  the 
Realm  of  France,  and  he  was  not  King  of  Ire- 
land. Yet  his  dead  hand  to-day  may  pull  the 
noose  around  the  Irishman's  neck  whose  So\e- 
reign  he  was  not,  but  it  can  strain  no  strand 
around  the  Frenchman's  throat  whose  Sove- 
reign he  was.  For  centuries  the  successors 
of  Edward  III.  claimed  to  be  Kings  of 
France,  and  quartered  the  aims  of  France 
on  their  Royal  shield  down  to  the  Union  with 
Ireland  on  January  1,  1801.  Throughout 
these  hundreds  of  years  these  "  Kings  of 
France"  were  constantly  at  war  with  'heir 
Realm  of  France  and  their  French  subj'i  't-\ 
who  should  have  gone  from  birth  to  death 
with  an  obvious  fear  of  treason  before  their 
eves.  Hut  uid  they?  Did  the  "Kings  of 
..Finance,"  resident -here  at  Windsor,  or  in  the 
■Tower  of  London,  hang,  draw,  an  J  quarter 
as  a  traitor  every  Fienchman  for  400  years 
who  fell  into  their  hands  with  arms  in  his 
hands?  On  the  contrary,  they  received  Em- 
bassies of  these  traitors,  presents  from  these 
traitors,  even  knighthood  itself  at  the  hapds 
of  these  traitors,  feasted  with  them,  tilted  with 
them,  fought  with  tl  em — but  did  not  assassi- 
nate them  by  law. 

Judicial  assassination,  to-day  is  reserved 
only  for  pie  race  of  the  King's  subjects:  for 
Irishmen;  for  those  who  cannot  forget  their 
allegiance  to  the  Realm  of  Ireland.  The 
.  3  :ngs  of  England',  as  such,  had  no-  rights  in 
Ireland  up  to  the  time  of  Henry  YT1L,  save 
such  as  rested  on  compact  ana  mutual  ah*.*- 
Ration  entered  into  between  them,  and  r^yt&is 
Jrinces,  chiefs,  and  lords  of  Ireland.  Th'.j 
form  of  leg-j.1  right,  such  as  it  was,  gave  no 
£.ing  of  England  lawful  power  to  impeach  an 


Irishman  for  high  treason  under  this  statute 
of  King  Edward  III.  of  England  until  an 
Irish  Act,  known  as  Poyning's  Law,  the  10th 
of  Henry  VII.,  was  passed  in  1494,  at  Drog- 
heda,  by  the  Parliament  of  the  Pale  in  Ire- 
land and  enacted  as  law  in  that  part  of  Ire- 
land. But  if  by  Poyning's  Law  an  Irishman 
of  the  Pale  could  be  indicted  for  high  ueason 
under  this  Act.  he  could  be  indicted  only  in 
one  way  and  before  one  tribunal — by  the  laws 
of  the  Realm  of  Ireland  and  in  Ireland.  The 
very  law  of  Poyning,  which,  I  believe,  applies 
this  statute  of  Edward  III.  to  Ireland,  enacted 
also  for  the  Irishman's  defence,  "all  those 
laws   by  which  England   claims  her   liberty." 

"A     FOREIGN     COURT." 

And  what  is  the  fundamental  charter  of  an 
Englishman's  liberty?  That  he  shall  be  tried 
by  his  peers.  With  all  respect  1  assert  this 
Court  is  to  me,  an  Irishman,  charged  with 
this  offence,  a  foreign  Court — this  jury  is 
for  me,  an  Irishman,  not  a  jury  of 
"  my  peers  to  try  me  in  this  vital  issue,  for  it 
is  patent  to  every  man  of  conscience  that  1 
have  a  right,  an  indefeasible  right,  if  tried  at 
all  under  this  statute  of  high  treason,  to  be 
tried  in  Ireland',  before  an  Irish  Court  and 
by  an  Irish  jury.  This  Court,  this  jury,  the 
public  opinion  of  this  country,  England,  can- 
not but  be  prejudiced  in  varying  degrees 
against  me,  most  of  ail  in  time  of  war.  I  did 
not  land  in  England.  I  landed  in  Ireland.  It 
wn  to  Ireland  I  came  ;  to  Ireland  I  wanted  to 
come,  and  the  last  place  I  desired  to  land  in 
was  England. 

But  for  the  Attorney -General  of  England 
there  is  only  "  England  " — there  is  no  Ire- 
land, there  is  only  the  law  of  England — no 
right  of  Ireland;  the  liberty  of  Ireland  and 
of  Irishmen  is  to  be  judged  by  the  power  of 
England.  Yet  for  me,  the  Irish  outlaw, 
there  is  a  land  of  Ireland,  a  right  of  Ireland, 
and  a  charter  for  all  Irishmen  to  appeal  to, 
in  the  last  resort,  a  charter  that  even  the 
very  statutes  of  England  itself  cannot  deprive 
us  <jf,  nay  more,  a  charter  that  Englishmen 
themselves  assert  as  the  fundamental  bond  of 
law  that  connects  the  two  kingdoms.  this 
charge  of  high  treason  involves  ,a  moral  re- 
sponsibility, as  the  very  terms  of  'the  indict- 
ment against  myself  recite,  inasmuch  as  I 
committed  the  acts  1  am  charged  with  to  the 
"evil  example  of  others  in  the  like  case.'' 
What  was  this  "evil  example"  I  get  to 
others  in  "  the  like  case,"  and  who  were 
these  others?  The  "evil  example"  charge  is 
that  I  asserted  the  rights  of  my  own  country, 
and  the  "others"  I  appealed  to,  .to  aid  my 
endeavour,  were  nr.y  own  countrymen..-  The 
example  was  given  not  to  Englishmen,  but  to 
Irishmen}  and1  the  '"like  ease"'  can  never 
arise  in  England,  but  <nly  in  Ireland.  To 
'Englishmen'  I  set]  no  Cvi>  example,  for'  I  made 
n)  appeal  to  them.  1  asked  no  Englishman 
t<;  lie Ip.  me.  I  askel  Irishmen  to  fight  Jot 
K.-.MT  rights,  'the  "  et^l  example"  was  ,only 
t« .other  Irii&sier.  *hr  might  come,  after  me 
.1  !;<£'£, '"  like  raso  '  seek  tq  do  as  I  did..  How, 
tiici, 'jit's  neither  niy"  example  nor  my  appeal 

F  2 


145 


was  addressed  to  Englishmen, ,  can  I  be  right- 
fully tried  by  them? 

APPEAL    FOR    AN    IRISH    TRIAL. 

If  I  did  wrong  in  making  that  appeal  to 
Irishmen  to  join  with  me  in  an  effort  to  fight 
for  Ireland,  it  is  by  Irishmen  and  by  them 
alone  I  can  be  rightfully  judged.  From  this 
Court  and  its  jurisdiction  I  appeal  to  those  I 
am  alleged  to  have  wronged,  and  to  those  1 
am  alleged  to  have  injured  by  my  "  evil 
example,"  and  claim  that  they  alone  are  com- 
petent to  decide  my  guilt  or  my  innocence.  If 
they  find  me  guilty  the  statute  may  affix  the 
penalty,  but  the  statute  does  not  override  or 
annul  my  right  to  seek  judgment  at  their 
hand's.  This  is  so  fundamental  a  right,  so 
natural  a  right,  so  obvious  a  right,  that  it  is 
clear  the  Crown  were  aware  of  it  when  they 
brought  me  by  force  and  by  stealth  from  Ire- 
land to  this  country.  It  was  not  I  who 
landed  in  England,  but  the  Crown  who 
dragged  me  here,  away  from  my  own  country 
to  which  I  had  returned  with  a  price  upon 
my  head',  away  from  my  own  countrymen 
whose  loyalty  is  not  in  doubt,  and  safe  from 
the  judgment  of  my  peers  whose  judgment  I 
do  not  shrink  from.  I  admit  no  other  judg- 
ment but  theirs.  I  accept  no  verdict  save  at 
their  hands. 

I  assert  from  this  dock  that  I  am  being 
tried  here  not  because  it  is  just,  but  because 
it  is  unjust.  Place  me  before  a  jury  of  my 
own  countrymen,  be  it  Protestant  or  Catholic, 
Unionist  or  Nationalist,  Sinn  Feinfach  or 
Orangeman,  and  I  shall  accept  the  verdict  and 
bow  to  the  statute  and  all  its  penalties.  But 
I  shall  accept  no  meaner  finding  against  me 
than  that  of  those  whose  loyalty  1  endangered 
by  my  example  and  to  whom  alone  I  made 
appeal.  If  they  adjudge  me  guilty,  then 
guilty  I  am.  It  is  not  1  who  am  afraid  of 
their  verdict — it  is  the  Crown.  If  this  be 
aot  so,  why  fear  the  test?  I  fear  it  not.  I 
demand  it  as  my  right. 

That  is  the  condemnation  of  English  rule, 
of  English-made  law,  of  English  government 
in  Ireland,  that  it  dare  not  rest  on  the  will 
of  the  Irish  people,  tut  exists  in  defiance  of 
their  will — that  it  is  a  rule  derived  not  from 
right   but  from  conquest. 

Conquest,  my  lord,  gives  no  title — and  if  it 

exists  over  the  body  it  fails  over  the  mind. 

It  can  exert  no  empire  over  men's  reason  and 
ud'gment  and  affections ;  and  it  is  from  this 
aw   of  conquest  without  title,  to  the  reason, 

judgment,  and  affection  of  my  own  country  - 

naen,  that  1  appeal. 

SYMPATHY     FROM     AMERICA-. 

I  would  add,  the  generous  expressions  of 
sympathy  extended  to  3*9  froua  so  many 
quarters,  paiticularly  from  A  m erica,  have 
touched  rr  }  very  ssrX'Sh.  In  that  ossastry,  as 
in  noyowk,  I  ao  ?urs  my  aaotivfcs  are  undeT 
'tood,  foi  V.hs  achievement  cf  ii.eir  iiberticv 
oas  been   t#  abiJing  isapiraUoa   «®  ki&fe33£ 


and  to  all  elsewhere  rightly  struggling  to  b» 
tree. 

Mgr  Lord  Chief  Justice,  I  am  not  called 
upon,  1  conceive,  to  say  anything  in  answer 
io  the  inquiry  your  lordship  has  addressed  to 
We  why  sentence  should  not  be  passed  upon 
Bie.  Sines  I  do  not  admit  any  verdict  in  this 
Court  I  csttnot,  my  lord,  admit  the  fitness  of 
tha  sentenstj  that  of  necessity  must  follow  it 
from  this  CSurt.  I  hope  1  shall  be  acquitted 
of  presumption  if  I  say  that  the  Court  1  see 
before  me  now  is  not  this  High  Court,  of 
Justice  of  England,  but  a  far  greater,  a  fat* 
higher,  a  far  older  assemblage  of  justices — 
that  of  the  people  of  Ireland.  feince  in  the 
acts  which  have  led  to  this  trial  it  was  the 
pe<?ple  of  Ireland  I  sought  to  serve  and  them 
alone — I  leave  my  judgment  and  my  sentence 
in  their  hands. 

Let  me  pass  from  myself  and  my  own  fate 
to  a  far  more  pressing  as  it  is  a  far 
more  urgent  theme — not  the  fate  of 
the  individual  Irishman  who  may  have  tried' 
and  failed,  but  the  claims  and  the  fate  of  the 
country  that  nas  not  failed.  Ireland  has  out- 
lived the  failure  of  all  her  hopes — and  yet 
she  still  hopes.  Ireland  has  seen  her  sons — 
aye,  and  her  daughters,  too — suffer  from 
generation  to  generation  always  for  the  same 
cause,  meeting  always  the  same  fate,  and 
always  at  the  hands  of  the  same  power ;  and 
always  a  fresh  generation  has  passed  on  to 
withstand  the  same  oppression.  For  if  Eng- 
lish authority-  be  omnipotent — a  power,  as* 
Mr.  Gladstone  phrased  it,  that  reaches  to  the 
very  endis  of  the  earth— Irish  hope  exceeds  the 
dimensions  of  that  power,  excels  its  authority, 
and  renews  with  each  generation  the  claims 
of  the  last.  The  cause  that  begets  this 
indomitable  persistency,  the  faculty  of  pre- 
serving through  centuries  of  misery  the  re- 
membrance of  lost  liberty,  this,  surely,,  is  the 
noblest  cause  men  ever  strove  for,  ever  lived 
for,  ever  died  for.  If  this  be  the  case  I 
stand  here  to-dav  indicted  for  and  convi  ted  of 
sustaining,  then  1  stand  .in  a  g^dly  comjjany 
and  a  right  noble  succession. 

THfl    ULSTER    VOLUNTEERS. 

My  coutivrel  has  referred  to  the  Ulster 
Volunteer  lavement,  and  I  will  not  touch  at 
length  upon  that  ground,  save  only  to  say 
this,  that  neither  I  nor  any  of  the  leaders 
of  '  the  Irish  Volunteers,  who  were 
founded  in  Dublin  in  November,  1913,  had 
any  quarrel  with  the  Ulster  Volunteers  as 
such,  who  v^ire  born  a  year  earlier.  Our 
movement  r^tJs  not  directed  against  them,  but 
against  thv>  "ten  who  misused  and  misdirected 
the  courage,  the  sincerity,  and-  the  local 
patriotism  of  the  men  of  the  North  of  Ireland. 
The  manf'Pto  of  the  Irish  Volunteers,  pro- 
mulgate S^  a  public  meeting  in  Dublin  on 
Novemboi  &\  fSi3,  stated  with  sincerity  the 
aims  of  *>**«  jrganisation  as  1  have  outlined 
them. 

%f^i  ST1  ?«re  so  necessary  to  make  our 
S*rgaV,is<*';#»  -  i  roality  and  to  give  to  the 
to.  id*  of  U  *;*.-**«'  "Jua-v-.tdd  v\ith  the  most  out- 
s' 3 


146 


rageous  threats  a  sense  of  security,  it  was  our 
bounden  duty  to  get  arms  before  Jill  else. 
1  decided,  with  this  end  in  view,  to  go  to 
America,  with  surely  a  better  right  to  appeal 
to  Irishmen  there  for  help  in  an  hour  of  great 
national  trial  than  those  envoys  of  "  Empire  " 
could  assert  for  their  week-end  descents  upon 
Ireland,  or  their  appeals  to  Germany. 

If,  as  the  right  hon'.  gentleman,  the  present 
Attorney-General,  asserted  in  a  speech  at 
Manchester,  Nationalists  would  neither  fight- 
for  Home  Rule  nor  pay  for  it,  it  was  our  duty 
to  show  him  that  we  knew  how  to  do  both. 
Within  a  few  weeks  of  my  arrival  in  the 
States  the  fund  that  had  been  opened  to 
secure  arms  for  the  Volunteers  of  Ird&Bd 
amounted  to  many  thousands  of  pounds.  In 
every  case  the  money  subscribed,  whether  it 
came  from  the  purse  of  the  wealthy  man  or 
thj  still  readier  pocket  of  the  poor  man, 
was  Irish  gold. 

Then  came  the  war.  As  Mr.  Birrell  said  in 
L.s  evidence  recently  laid  before  tee  Om-  ' 
mission  of  Inquiry  into  the  causes  of  the  late 
rebellion  in  Ireland,  "  the  war  upset  all  our 
calculations."  It  upset  mine  no  less  than 
Mr.  Birrell's,  and' put  an  end  to  my  mission  of 
peaceful  effort  in  America.  War  between  Great 
Britain  and  Germany  meant,  as  I  believed, 
ruin  for  all  the  hopes  we  had  founded  on  the 
enrolment  of  the  Irish  Volunteers.  A  consti- 
tutional movement  in  Ireland  is  never  very 
far  from  a  breach  rf  the  Constitution,  as  the 
loyalists  of  Ulster  had'  been  so  eager  to  show 
us. 

THH    ROAD    TO    THE    DOCK. 

The  difference  between  us  was  that  the 
Unionist  champions  chose  a  path  they  felt 
would  lead  to  the  Woolsack,  while  1  went  a 
road  1  knew  must  lead  to  the  dock.  And  the 
event  proves  we  were  both  right.  The  differ- 
ence between  us  was  that  my  "treason  "  was 
based  on  a  ruthless  sincerity  that  forced  me 
to  attempt  in  time  and  season  to  cany  out  in 
action  what  1  said  in  words— whereas  their 
treason  Ihv  in  verbal  incitements  that  thev 
knew  need  never  be  made  good  in  their 
bodies.  Anr;  so,  I  am  prouder  to  stand  here 
today  in  the  traitor's  dock  to  answer  this 
impeachment  than  to  fill  the  place  of  my 
righ   honourable  accusers. 

We  have  been  told,  we  have  been  asked  to 
hope  that  after  this  war  Ireland  will  get 
Home  Rule  as  a  reward  for  the  life-blood 
shed  in  a  cause  whoever  else  its  success  may 
benefit,  can  surely  not  benefit  Ireland'.  And 
what  will  Home  Rule  be  in  return  for  what 
its  vague  promise  has  taken,  and  still  hopes 
to  take,  away  from  Ireland?  Home  Rule 
rihen  it  corner,  if  come  it  doe«  will  find  an 
Ireland  drained  of  all  that  is  viiai  to  its  very 
existence— unless  it  be  that  unquenchable 
hope  we  build  on  the  graves  of  the  dead".  We 
are  tolj  that  if  Irishmen  go  by  the  thousand 
to  die  not  for  Ireland,  but  for  I*'lai;de«,  for 
Belgium,  for  a  patch  of  sand  on  the  dvserta 
Of    A-e.->opotamia,    or    a    rocky    trencu    on    tho 


heights  of  Gallipoli,  they  are  winning  self- 
government  for  Ireland.  But  if  they  dare  to 
lay  down  their  lives  on  their  native  soil,  if 
they  dare  to  dream  even  that  freedom  can  be 
won  only  at  home  by  men  resolved  to  fight  for 
it  there,  then  they  are  traitors  to  their 
country,  and  their  dream  and'  their  deaths 
alike  are  phases  of  a  dishonourable  fantasy. 

But  history  is  not  so  recorded  in  other 
lands.  In  Ireland  alone  in  tins  20th  century 
is  loyalty  held  to  be  a  crime.  If  loyalty  be- 
something  less  than  love  and  more  than  law. 
then  we  have  had  enough  of  such  loyalty 
for  Ireland  or  Irishmen.  Where  all  your 
rights  become  only  an  accumulated  wrong; 
w:here  men  must  beg  with  bated'  breath  for 
leave  to  subsist  in  their  own  land,  to  think 
their  own  thoughts,  to  sing  their  own  songs, 
to  garner  the  fruit  of  their  own  labours — 
and  even  while  they  beg  to  see  these  things 
inexorably  withdrawn  from  them — then  surely 
it  is  a  braver,  a  saner,  and  a  truer  thing  to  be 
a  rebel  in  act  and  deed  against  such  circum- 
stances as  this  than  tamely  to  accept  it  as 
the  natural  lot  of  men. 

Th3  prisoner,  at  the  conclusion  of  his  state- 
ment, addressing  the  jury,  said  that  he  wished 
to  thank  them  for  their  verdict,  and  that  his 
observations  did  not  in  any  way  reflect  on 
their  integrity.  He  maintained  that  he  had 
a  right  to  be  tried  in  Ireland',  and  he  asked 
them  how  any  one  of  them  would  feel  in  a 
converse  case  if  he  had  landed  in  England  and 
had  been  carried'  over  to  Ireland  by  stealth 
and  under  a  false  name  to  be  tried  in  a 
country  inflamed  against  him  and  believing 
him  to  be  a  criminal. 


SENTENCED   TO    DEATH. 

The  Lord  Chief  Justice  then  assumed  the 
black  cap  and  passed  sentence  of  death  by 
hanging  in  the  usual  form.  Casement  paused' 
a  moment  to  smile  to  friends  in  Court,  and 
then   disappeared   below. 


DANIEL   JULIAN    BAILEY    DISCHARGED. 

When  Sir  Roger  Casement  had  left  the 
dock,  the  soldier,  Daniel  Julian  Bailey,  was 
placed  there  on  the  same  charge. 

He  pleaded  not  guilty. 

As  he  had  throMghout  been  but  a 
subordinate,  and  had  a  good  character  in  the 
Army,  and  having  always  denied  any  inten- 
tion of  helping  the  enemy,  but,  in  the  words 
of  the  Attorney-General,  took  the  course  he 
did  to  git  away  from  captivity  in  Germany, 
the  Crown  entered  a  nolle  prosequi,  and  he 
v  y  *t  once  released. 

I"  t  Lord  Chief  Justice  said  that  their  lord- 
ship". c,*)tc  concurred  in  the  verdict  of  the 
jurj  ^here  was  no  other  course  open,  to 
then* 

f  4 


147 


SIR     ROGER     CASEMENT    DEGRADED. 

The  following  official  statements  were  issued 
on   Friday,  19th  June: — 

The  King  has  been  pleased  to  direct  the 
issue  of  Letters  Patent  under  the  Great  Seal 
of  tho  United  Kingdom  degrading  Sir  Roger 
Casement,  C.M.G.,  from  the  degree  of  Knight 
Bachelor. 

The  King  has. been  pleased  to  direct  that 
Sir  Roger  Casement,  Knight,  shall  cease  to  be 
a  member  of  the  Most  Distinguished  Order  of 
Saint  Michael  and  Saint  George,  of  which 
Order  he  was  appointed  a  Companion  in  1906, 
and  that  his  name  shall  be  erased  from  the 
register  of  the  Order. 

APPEAL  DISMISSED. 

Roger  David  Casement  appealed  on  Mon- 
day, 17th  July,  to  five  judges  against  his 
conviction.  He  sat  in  the  dock  of  the  Court 
of  Criminal  Appeal,  London,  and  listened  with 
much  interest  to  the  proceedings.  He  was 
dressed  in  a  grey  suit,  but  did  not  look  quite 
so  smart  as  during  his  trial  a  few  weeks  ago. 
To  the  lay  mind  the  day  was  one  of  ntense 
weariness,  as  nothing  but  ancient  rolls  and 
Statutes  in  Norman  French  and  Latin,  was 
read,  and  there  was  virtually  nothing  to  re- 
lieve   the    monotony. 

Mr.  Justice  Darling  presided,  the  other 
Judges  being  Justices  Bray,  A.  L\  Lawrence, 
Scrutto..,  and  Atkm  . 

The  Ci'oa.i  wao  represented  by  *he  At- 
torney-General (Sir  Frederick  Smith),  the 
Solicitor-General  (Sir  George  Cave),  Mr.  Bod- 
kin, Mr.  Travers  Humphreys,  and  Mr.  Bran- 
son 

Counsel  for  the  prisoner  were  Mr.  Serjeant 
Sullivan,  Professor  Morgan,  and  Mr.  Artemus 
Jonet 

SERJEANT     SULLIVAN'S    STATEMENT. 

Mr.  Serjeant  Sullivan  said  that  tne  prisoner 
was  indicted  under  the  Statute  of  Edward 
1L.,  the  offence  being  stated  in  the  following 
terms  : — 

"  Charged  with  high  treason  by  adhering 
to  the  King's  enemies  elsewhere  than  in  the 
King's  realm — to'  wit,  in  the  Empire  of  Ger- 
many— contrary  to  the  Treason  Art,  1351, 
25th'  Edward  HI. 

The  matter  of  the  appeal,  he  said,  would 
involve  two  questions — the  first,  whether  the 
matter  described  in  the  charge  was  a  triable 
offence  within  the  Statute  cited',  and  the  se- 
cond point  that  would  arise  was  as  to  whether 
the  definition  of  the  offence  as  given  by  the 
Lord  Chiei  Justice  was  accurate  or  detective 
as  an  instruction  to  the  jury.  Counsel  argued 
his  case  at  great  length  till  the  adjournment  of 
the  Court. 

On  Tuesday,  18th,  the  five  judges,  headed 
by  Mr.  Justice  Darling,  took  their  seats  on 
the  bench,  and  Casement  was  brought  into 
the  dock  by  warders.  This  time  he  was  look- 
ing verr  wear^  from  the  long  strain,  but 
hrougho'i*  itic  day  ne  smiled  to  *.  lady  who 
tat  n-ALT  hi»,  and  who  evidently  did  all  she 
-  b)   2-es$4."-nsive  smiles  to  cheer  him. 


Serjeant  Sullivan  fought  witn  wonderful 
spirit  for  his  client.  He  did  not  fear  iaj  at- 
tack the  great  lawyers  of  the  past,  ariose 
tomes  were  piled  up  before  the  judges  for 
reference  and  guidance.  His  arguments 
rivetted  the  attention  of  their  lordships,  and 
although  he  did  not  succeed  in  winning  his 
case  the  ,udge  paid  him  a  high  compliment 
for  the  way  'n  which  he  had  sustained  the 
greatest  traditions  of  the  King's  Courts. 

Their  lordships,  when  they  returned  after 
a  brief  retirement,  told  Sir  Frederick  Smith, 
the  Attorney-General,  that  they  need  nofc 
trouble  him  to  reply  on  behalf  of  the  Crown: 
and  after  Mr.  Justice  Darling  had  dei.*erea 
judgment  dismissing  the  appeal,  Casemen* 
was  taken  back  to  prison.  He  smiled  at  friends 
in  court,   and   waved   them  a  goodbye. 

MR.    JUSTICE    DARLING    ON    TREASON. 

Mr.  Justice  Darling  intimated  that  the 
Court  did  not  want  to  trouble  the  Attorney- 
General,  and  then,  having  arranged  a  mass 
of  law  books,  from  which  he  quoted,  he  pro- 
ceeded to  give  judgment.  He  read  to  the 
Court  the  clause  of  the  Act  of  Edward  111. 
in  the  Norman  French,  and  then  its  transla- 
tion, pointing  out  that  the  words  "  or  else- 
where," which  in  the  indictment  by  the  Clown 
meant  "in  the  Empire  of  England,"  haa 
caused1  all  the  trouble.  But  before  going  on 
his  Lordship  paid  a  high  tribute  to  the  way 
in  which  Mr.  Serjeant  Sullivan  had  conducted 
his  case.  The  Cour.  considered  that  i»ii\ 
Serjeant  Sullivan's  arguments  were  exceed- 
ingly well  considered  and  well  delivered,  and 
were  in  every  way  worthy  of  the  greatest 
traditions  of  the  Kiig's  Courts.  It  was  from 
no  want  of  'respect  to  his  argument  that  ti'.e 
Court  did  not  call  upon  the  Attorney-General. 
But  the  Court,  having  considered  firlly  and 
carefully  every  argument  used  by  Mr.  Ser- 
jeant Sullivan  and  tho  authorities  advanced, 
had'  come  to  the  conclusion  that  there  was  rid 
need  to  call  for  any  refutation  from  the 
Crown.  The  main  point  raised  in  the  argu- 
ment of  Mr.  Serjeant  Sullivan,  his  Lordship 
said,  was  that  this  Statute  had  neither 
created  nor  declared  that  it  was  an  offence  in 
be  adherent  to  the  King's  enemies  beyond 
the  realm  of  the  Kin,,,  and  that  the  woirfs 
"  giving  aid  and  comfort  outside  the  realm  '" 
did  not  constitute  a  treason  which  could  be 
tried  in  this  country  unless  the  person  who 
gave  the  aid  and  comfort  outside  the  realm — ■ 
in  this  case  the  Empire  of  Germany — was 
himself  within  the  realm  at  the  time  when 
he  gave  that  aid  ana  comfort,  and,  therefore, 
the  person  could  not  ha  tried  in  any  Courts  afc 
all  for  what  he  had  done  in  Germany  unless 
he  was  himself  actually  resident  within  the 
realm  of  the  King.  That  argument  was 
founded  on  difficulties  which  must  arise  owing: 
to  the  doctrine  of  venue,  under  which  poopla 
■were  only  triable  within  certain  districts.  Tha 
dearth  of  cases  had  been  dwelt  upon,  but  a 
guilty  man  would  in  all  prefcnbility  absenj 
himself  altogether  fcws.  Jhe  coujtry  where  he 
rvght  be  punished.  Therefore,  ihe  Court  waa 
kot  very  m^ch  impraased  wifcr  tib*  fact  that 


.143 


Jiere  was  very  little  precedent  for  such  a 
prosecution  as  this.  But  there  was  a  large 
amount  of  authority  for  the  proposition  that 
what  the  jury  had  found,  and  what  it  was 
not  contested,  was  done  by  this  appellant,  was 
an  offence  triable  in  the  King's  Bench.  Mr. 
Serjeant  Sullivan  had  said  that  the  construc- 
tion was  not  a  true  one,  but  the  Court  agreed 
that  a  person,  who,  being  within  this  country, 
gave  aid  and  comfort  tr>  the  King's  enemies 
in  this  country,  was  adherent  to  the  King's 
enemies,  and  if  he  was  in  this  country  and 
gave  aid  and  comfort  to  the  King's  enemies 
outside,  the  Court  agreed  that  he  was  then 
adherent  to  the  King's  enemies.  But  the 
Court  thought  that  there  was  another  offence, 
and  that  the  words  of  the  Statute  meant  some- 
thing more. 

MEANING    OF  THE  STATUTE. 

The  Court  thought  the  meaning  was  this — 
that  if  a  man  gave  aid  and  comfort  to  the 
King's  enemies — and  there  were  words  in 
apposition  to  explain  what  was  meant  by 
"adhering  to  " — by  adhering  to  the  King's 
enemies  in  his  realm,  by  giving  them  aid  and 
comfort  in  this  realm,  or  by  adhering  to  the 
King's  enemies  elsewhere — that  was,  by  giv- 
ing aid  and'  comfort  elsewhere— he  was  equally 
adherent  to  the  King  s  enemies,  and  if  he  was 
adherent  to  the  King's  enemies  then  he  com- 
mitted treason  which  the  Statute  of  Edward 
III.  defined.  The  reason  for  that  might  be 
riven  as  follows  : — The  subject  of  a  King  owed 
nim  allegiance,  and  tho  allegiance  followed 
the  person  of  the  subject.  He  was  the  King's 
liege  wherever  he  lived,  and  he  might  violate 
his  allegiance  in  any  foreign  country.  It  was 
known  to  the  Court  that  there  was  a  great 
deal  of  authority  for  the  proposition  that 
adherence  outside  the  King's-  dominions  by  a 
person  himself  outside  constituted  exemption. 
Many  persons  may  have  debated  that  such  a 
person  could  have  been  tried,  but  there  was 
ancient  opinion  for  the  proposition  that  it  wa3 
treason  to  do  what  the  appellant  had  been 
convicted  of  doing  in  this  case.  Mr.  Serjeant 
Sullivan  had  asked  the  Court  to  simply  take 
the  Statute  and  read  it  as  though  they  had 
seen  it  for  the  first  time,  and  had  said  that 
this  was  the  best  way  tc  construe  any  Statute. 
It  was  a  little  difficult  for  any  judge  of  the 
King's  Bench  to  say  that  he  read  for  the 
first  time  the  Statute  of  Edward  III.  They 
must  have  read  it  before  that.  He  did  not 
know  that  the  rule  that  Mr.  Serjeant  Sullivan 
laid  down  was  an  altogether  acceptable  one. 
The  learned  judge  quoted  a  commentator  to 
the  effect  that  "  long  us'ign  is  presumed  to  be 
the  true  construction,  ^n.I  the  long  acquies- 
cence of  the  Legislature  in  its  interpretation 
put  upon  this  enactment  might  perhaps  be  re- 
garded as  some  sanction  and  approval  of  it." 
This  Statute,  his  lordship  went  on  to  say, 
had'  been  understood  long  before  that  6stj  by 
lawyers  of  great  learn i*  ?f,  by  lawyers  of  very 
exceptional  erudition,  2n  fcha  sense  that  the 
Court  understood  it.  1  leth  njsfoority  had  been 
attacked  by  Mr.  S«rj(*at  Sniliranj  who  bad 
abo  attack^'  Lord  Cake.      But  if   the  Court 


were  to  accede  to  Mr.  Serjeant  Sullivan's 
argument  they  would  have  to  absolutely  dis- 
regard the  opinion-  of  Lord  Coke  and  other 
legal  authorities,  great  m*n,  whose  opinion 
had'  been  followed  in  many  questions  of  ex- 
treme difficulty,  which  had  puzzled  lawyers 
for  many  years  past,  ihe  Court  did  not  think 
it  necessary  to  give  further  reasons  for  the 
conclusion  at  which  they  had  arrived'.  The 
Court  certainly  did  not  rely  on  the  recent 
case  quoted  by  Mr.  Serjeant  Sullivan,  simply 
for  the  reason  that  they  were  of  opinion  that 
ample  authority  for  the  conclusion  to  which 
the  Courts  came  in  that  case  was  to  be  found 
m  the  decisions  and'  opinions  of  the  great 
lawyers  to  whom  he  had  already  referred.  It 
remains,  remarked  his  lordship,  in  conclusion, 
to  say  that  the  appeal  is  dismissed. 
This  ended  the  proceedings. 


SPECIAL  SITTING  OF  APPEAL  COURT. 

The  Court  of  Criminal  Appeal,  London,  con- 
vened in  case  it  was  desired  to  make  an  appeal 
on  behalf  of  the  convict  Roger  Casement,  sat 
on  Friday,  29th  July,  at  the  Royal  Courts  of 
Justice.  It  consisted  of  the  five  judges  who 
disposed  of  Casement's  appeal — Mr.  Justice 
Darling  (who  presided),  Mr.  Justice  Bray,  Mr. 
Justice  A.  T.  Lawrence,  Mr.  Justice  Scrutton, 
and  Mr.  Justice  Atkin. 

The  Attorney-Gerierah  Sir  Frederick  Smith, 
K.C.,  and  the  Solicitor-General,  Sir  George 
Cave,  K.C.,  were  early  in  the  seats  they 
usually  occupy,  but  a  long  time  after  the  Court 
was  timed  to  sit  no  one  had  put  in  an  appear- 
ance on  behalf  of  Casement.  The  five  judges 
took  their  seats  just  before  half-past  ten,  and 
still  the  convicted  man  was  apparently  unre- 
presented. A  few  minutes  were  spent  by  Mr. 
Justice  Darling  in  consulting  his  brother 
judges,  and  during  the  conversation  he  pulled 
out  a  sheaf  of  letters,  and  handed  one  or  two 
sheets  around  the  Bench   for  perusal. 

Mr.  Justice  Darling,  addressing  the  Court, 
shid  that  the  Court  had  assembled  because 
they  were  informed  some  time  ago  by  the 
King's  Coroner  that  the  solicitor  representing 
the  convict  Casement  had  been  to  him,  and 
proposed  to  make  some  application  for  the 
consideration  of  some  points  which  were  men- 
tioned in  the  notice  of  appeal,  and  which 
points  Serjeant  Sullivan  stated  in  court 
publicly  he  abandoned,  because  having  con- 
sidered them  carefully,  he  had  come  to  the 
conclusion  that  he  could  not  ask  the  Court  to 
quash  the  conviction  upon  the  grounds  con- 
tained under  those  heads.  The  Court  had 
been  in  considerable  doubt  from  day  to  day. 
They  could  not  obtain  definite  information 
whether  it  was  intended  to  make  application 
to  the  Court  or  whether  it  was  not.  If  it  was 
to  be  made,  now  was  the  opportunity  to  malt* 
it.  They  had  that  day  received  a  letter  from 
the  solicitor,  saying  that  the  King's  Coroner 
had  been  informed  quite  definitely  that  the 
solicitor  for  the  convict  would  not  nroceed  with 
the  application,  which  he  bad  mentioned  as  a 
possible  application.     As  the  matter  had   be- 


143 


ne  so  public,  and  as  people  might  not  under- 
nd    exactly    what    were    the    rights    of    t^f 

stion,  he  desired  to  say  that  what  he  said 
kV  he  was  saying  for  the  whole  Court.  They 
re  in  no  way  surprised  when  Serjeant  Sulli- 
i  rose,  and  said  he  abandoned  those  points 
ich  were  taken  in  the  notice  of  appeal,  and 
ich  points  he  did  not  go  into.  It  was  con- 
zed  to  the  King's  Coroner — that  was  why 
>  judges  treated  the  matter  so  seriously — 
it  Serjeant  Sullivan  had  no  authority  from 
ise  who  instructed  him  to  abandon  those 
nts.  Referring  to  the  reason  why  the 
torney-General  was  not  called  upon  by  the 
urt  to  reply  to  Serjeant  Sullivan's  argu- 
nt,  Mr.  Justice  Darling  said  be  fv  anted  to 

the  public  know  what  the  procedure  was. 
e  judges  before  they  met  to  hear  any  ap- 
i.l  read  all  the  evidence,  the  notice  of  ap- 
il,  and  considered  all  the  points  which  had 
n  taken,  and  as  far  as  they  could  make  up 
ir  minds  without  hearing  the  argument, 
y  decided  whether  the  points  were  good  or 
3.  The  Court  had  come  to  the  same  con- 
sion  as  Serjeant  Sullivan,  that  there  was 
;hing  in  these  points.  Had  they  thought 
lerwise  they  would  have  called  on  the 
torney-General  to  argue  them.  It  could 
dly  be  alleged  with  anything;  approaching 
usibility  that  Serjeant  Sullivan  had  not 
;hority  to  withdraw  those  points.  There 
re  present  in  court  at  the  time  the  solicitor 
trueting  Serjeant  Sullivan  and  Lis  two 
liors,  and  it  was  inconceivable  that  during 

the  time  that  the  Court  was  out  discussing 

matters — twenty      minutes— if      Serjeant 

llivan   had    not   had   authority   to  withdraw 

points  the  solicitor  and  juniors  should  not 
ve  told  him  so,  and  the  Court  should  have 
n  allowed  to  go  away  with  the  slightest 
imation    that   these    points    were    not  with- 

wn  with  the  whole  cognisance  of  everybody 
icerned  for  Casement.  The  Court  felt  that 
re  should  be  no  oort  of  misapprehension  as 
what  had  tXTL.Ted  in  the  case. 
tlr.  Powell,  K.C.  having  received  permis- 
n  to  make  e.  personal  explh nation,  said  he 
3  been  retained  to  argue  in  the  House  of 
ids'  the  points  of  la  w'  arising  on  the' Edward' 
.'statute' of  treason,  if  the  Attorney-Gene- 
s'certificate  could  be  obtained.  He  was  re- 
lied'for  nothing'  at  that  court,  but  was  pre- 
1  at  the  request  of  their  lordships.  Mr. 
temus  Jones,  junior  counsel  for  Casement, 
rev'  for  bne  moment  .contemplated  'making1 
i  application  referred  to.  He  had  learned 
it'  the1  proper  officer  of  the  Court  was  in- 
m'e'd  definitely  by  the  prisoner's  solicitor" 
>'days  ago  that  the  points  were  abandoned. 
W.  '■  Justiqe  Darling — This  is  really  attack- 
:  the  King's  Coroner. 

\lv.  Powell  said  he  wished  to  attack  neither 
(.King's  Coroner,  ,who  had  .done, everything 

Qqul'd,  nor  any  officer  of  his  department. 
ttr,  i.  Justice.  Darling    added    that    he:,    Mr. 
stiee  Bray,  'and-  Mr.  Justice  Scruttwj  ^*ere, 
pointed  step,  by  istep  with  ever?  ;.s»{»,muni-  ■ 
ion    that    had,  ibeen    roa4».  fcs  tike   King's 
ronen  .  .     ,     ■  ■  ,  i  :  ■•.     j  M  ,     i  ;.. 

The  Court  then  rose. 


CASEMENT  EXECUTED  IN 
LONDON 

« 

ON   THURSDAY,   »rd   AUGUST. 

Roger  David  Casement  was  executed  in 
London  on  Thursday  motrning,  3rd  August. 

A  large  crowd  of  people  assembled  outside 
Pentonville  Prison,  and  when  at  eight  minutes 
past  nine  the  prison  bell  tolled,  members  of 
the  crowd  exclaimed — "He  has  gone!"  A 
second  or  two  later  th«  bell  pealed  again,  and 
a  cheer  went  up,  mostly  from  children.  Ell.s 
was  the  executioner. 

A  Roman  Catholic  priest  who  attended  the 
condemned  man  at  the  execution  afterwards 
informed  a  Press  representative  that  Case- 
ment went  to  his  death  "strong  and  erect, 
like  the  man  he  was."  The  priest  said  a 
prayer,  and  Casement  replied,  "  Into  Thy 
hands,  0  Lord,  I  commend  my  spirit."  Later 
the  condemned  man  said,  "Lord  Jesus,  re- 
ceive my  soul."  Three  official  notices  were 
afterwards  posted  on  the  prison  doors.  The 
first  was  a  declaration  that  judgmert  had 
been  carried  out  in  the  presence  of  the  Under- 
Sheriff  for  London,  the  Governor  of  the 
Prison,  the  Roman  Catholic  Chaplain  of  the 
prison,  and  others.     Another  notice  stated  :— 

"  I,  P.  R.  Mander,  Surgeon  of  His  Majesty's 
Prison  of  Pentonville,  heieby  certify  that  T, 
this  dav,  have  examined  the  body  of  Roger 
David  Casement,  on  whom  judgment  of  death 
was  this  day  executed  in  the  said  prison,  and 
that  on  that  examination  I  found  that  the 
said  Roger  David  Casement  was  dead." 

"  Dated  this  3rd  Day  of  August,   1916. 
"P.  R.  Mander." 

Another  notice  bore  the  signature,   "A.   R 
Preston,  Under-sheriff  of  Middlesex." 

THE     INQUEST. 

The  inquest  on  the.boo'y  of  Casement  was 
held  in  Pentonvif'.p  Prison.  Mr.  Gavan  Duff  v. 
Casement's  solictor,  formally  identified  the 
body,  and  said  that  the  deceased  was  '-etwee  n 
50  and*  60.  In  reply  to  Mr.  Duffy,  the 
Coroner  said  the  order  for  burial  was  issued 
;by  him1  and  handed  to  the  Governor  of  the 
prison.  _  As  to  any  matter  beyond  that,  an 
application  must  be  made  to  the  authorities. 
Mr.  Duffy  said_  be  had  applied  to  the  Home 
Office  for  permission  to  have  the  body.  He 
considered  it  a  monstrous  act  of  indecency 
to  refuse 'it;  The  Governor  of  the  prison  said 
Casement's  .death  was  instantaneous.  The 
Catholic;  priests  present  performed  tre  ritea 
according  to  the  Catholic  faith.  Mr.  Mander, 
senior  medical  officer,  was  asked  by'  Mr. 
Duffy  the  result  of  his  observation  of  Ca.»s- 
.  ment,  and  if  there  was  any  troth'  in  the  sng-- 
geition!  made  ia  •  ihe  Press.  Witness  reoli-«i 
th  A  he  saw' no  evidence  of  insanity.  A  *w« 
dii^  at  death  du«  to  execution  was  ceLu£&*4f 


150 


CASEMENT  AS  AGENT  OF  GERMANY. 


STATEMENT    BY   GOVERNMENT. 

The  Press  Bureau  the  same  night  announced 
that  it  was  instructed  to  place  the  following 
statement  at  the  disposal  of  the  Press  : — 

All  the  circumstances  in  the  case  of  Roger 
Casement  were  carefully  and  repeatedly  con- 
sidered by  the  Government  before  the  decision 
was  readied  not  to  interfere  with  the  sen- 
tence of  the  law.  He  was  convicted  and 
punished  for  treachery  of  the  worst  kind  to 
the  Empire  he  had  served,  and  as  a  willing 
agent  of  Germany. 

The  Irish  rebellion  resulted  in  much  loss  of 
life,  both  among  soldiers  and  civilians.  Case- 
ment invoked  and  organised  German  assist- 
ance to  the  insurrection.  In  addition,  though 
himself  for  many  years  a  British  official,  he 
undertook  the  task  of  trying  to  induce  soldiers 
of  the  British  Army,  prisoners  in  the  hands 
of  fcermany.  to  foreswear  their  oaths  of 
allegiance  and  join  their  country's  enemies. 

Conclusive  evidence  has  come  into  the  hands 
of  the  Government  since  the  trial  that  he  had 
entered  into  an  agreement  with  the  German 
Government,  which  explicitly  provided  that 
the  brigade  which  he  was  trying  to  raise  from 
among  the  Irish  soldier  prisoners  might  be 
employed  in  r^gypt  against  the  British  Ciown. 
CRUELTY    TO    IRISH     PRISONERS    OF    WAR. 

Those  among  the  Irish  soldiers,  prisoners  in 
Germany,  who  resisted  Casement's  solicita- 
tions of  disloyalty  were  subjected  to  treatment 
of  exceptional  cruelty  hy  the  Germans.  Some 
of  them  have  since  been  exchanged  as  in- 
valids, and  have  died  in  this  country,  regard 
ins  Casement  as  their  murderer. 

The  suggestion  that  Casement  left  Germany 
for  the  purpose  of  trying  to  stop  the  Irish 
rising  was  not  raised  at  the  trial,  and  is  con- 
clusively disproved,  not  only  by  the  facts 
there  disclosed,  but  by  further  evidence  which 
lias  since  become  available. 

Another  suggestion  th  i  Casement  was  out 
of  his  mind  is  equally  without  to  vidaiion. 
Materials  bear'ng  on  his  mental  condition 
wpie  phced  at  the  disposal  of  his  counsel', 
who  did  not  raise  the  plea  of  insanity.  Case- 
nent's  demeanour  since  his  arrest,  and 
throughout  and  since  his  trial,  gave  no 
ground  for  anv  such  defence,  and,  indeed, 
was  sufficient  to  disprove  it. 

WILL    OF    ROGER    CASEMENT. 

The  will,  made  on  a  sheet  of  foolscap,  and 
dated  August  1st,  1916,  of  Roger  David  Case- 
ment, of  Maldiiide,  D"blin,  Ireland,  who  died 
at  Pentoiivilie  Prison  on  August  31st,  was 
proved  by  Mrs.  Gertrude  Parry,  of  Oxmead, 
Ewhurst,  Surrey  (cousin),  and  George  Gavan 
l*ufi'v,  of  45  Connaught  street,  London,  W  , 
eoiicitor,  the  value  of  the  estate  being  sworn 
•t  JD135  0s.  lOd.  The  testator  gave  every- 
thing he  possessed  or  could  depose  of  to  his 
CCBsin,  Ge/irade  Parry.  T-be  witnesses  were 
J.  Middlejtfa,  P.W.,  u'nd  W.  Va^ax.  wander, 


PERILOUS  WORK    OP  THE   AMBULANCE 
CTAFF. 

Captain  Purcell  stated  on  Monday,  1st  Ma 
that  in  addition  to  the  Fire  Brigade's  duties  } 
the  fires, they  carried  out  an  incredible  amou 
of  work  with  their  ambulance  service.  Duri 
the  eight  days  their  three  ambulances  ma 
on  an  average  50  journeys  daily,  picking  i 
the  wounded  and  c:ad.  Sometimes,  sa 
Captain  Purcell,   in   fact   many  times,   the  i 


covery  and  removal  of  wounded  took  nla 
under  actual  fire.  Bullets  hit  the  ambulan 
on  many  occasions,  and  in  one  instance 
horse  was  shot  clean  through  the  forele 
while  in  another  case  a  civilian  who  was  t 
sisting  the  hsemen  to  place  a  stretcher  in  t 
ambulance  -with  a  woman,  who  had  been  sh 
by  snipers,  was  himself  struck  by  a  bulb 
In  addition  to  this  work,  we  had  to  remo 
people  from  dangerous,  areas,  and  to  a 
paralytics  and  invalids.  There  were  hundre 
of  cases  that  we  could  not  attend  to. 


KIJJGSTOWN. 


From  Wednesday  until  Friday  there  v 
merely  a  procession  of  all  sorts 
troops  and  trains  of  supply  day  a 
night.  Communication  was  cut  off  from  1 
outside.  Barricades  were  erected  everywh 
on  all  rfrStfrd  from  Kingstown ;  none  s; 
soldiers  could  pass  to  or  from  Kingsto 
without    military    permits.  People      w 

confined      in      their      homes      between 
hours    of    7.30    at    night    and    5.30    a.m.  ; 
streets  were  policed  with  armed  men.     It  n 
an    extraordinary    and    trying    experience, 
which    the    continuing    scarcity    of    food    \ 
really    alarming.       On     Saturday    night    f< 
came    in     by    special     boats,     and     on     S 
day     morning     a     number    of     shops    opei 
to      sell       it.        Bread      made       in      Lorn 
was    eaten     that    day    by    people    in    Kin 
town.         So    rebellion    week    mainly    afiec 
Kingstown.         Never    a     shot     was    fired 
anger  within  its  precincts. 


II 


I 


ILLUSTRATED    RECORDS. 

Pictorial   records  of  the  rising  were  issi 
as  follows : — 

The   Record  of   the    Irish   Rebellion,    p' 
lished  by  "  lirish  Life." 

Dublin  and  the   jSiswi   Few.   Rising,   pi 
li  hed  by  Wilson,  Ilartoa-I-  assrf  Co. 

The    Sinn  Fein  Revolt,  Illustrated,     p 
lished  by  Hely's,  Ltd. 

Dublin  after  the  Six  Days'  Tnsurrecii] 
^rabliihacS  be  JViecredy,  Percy  and  Co.,  Ltd* 


151 


|3YAL  COMMISSION  OF  INQUIRY. 


Mai  '     * 

GOVERNMENT  NEGLECT  REVEALED, 
out 

mil  The  Royal  Commission  appointed  to  investi- 
'naite  the  facts  surrounding  the  rebellion  in 
i  I  iland^  opened  its  inquiry  at  the  Royal  Com- 
sission's  House,  Westminster,  on  Ihursday, 
1 1  ,h    May. 

I1'8  The  members  of  the  Commission  were: — 

--ord  Hardinge  (Chairman),  Mr.  Justice 
^•sarman,  and  Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers. 
;^fhe  Chairman  said  they  had  to  inquire — 
n|  What  system  there  was  in  force  in  Ireland 
sti  to  enable  the  officials  to  obtain  informa- 
nt tion  as  to  the  movement  which  led  to  the 
IMF    present  outbreak. 

What  information  was  obtained'  as  to  it. 
eJTo   whom    was  that    information  communi- 
cated, and 

What  steps   were  taken  upon  the  informa- 
tion  received. 

hey   would  also   deal   with  the  question  of 
responsibility  of  persons  or  associations  for 

s  particular  outbreak. 

SIR    MATTHEW  NATHAN. 

Jir  Matthew  Nathan,  late  Under-Secretary 
the  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Ireland,  was  the 
it  witness.  He  read  a  statement  in 
ich  he  recounted  the  history  of  the 
lunteer  movement  up  to  the  point  in  Sep- 
w(iber,  1914,  when  they  rplit,  and  Mr.  Red- 
nd's  followers  were  known  as  the  National 
lunteers,  the  name  by  which  the  loyal  sec- 
n  was  subsequently  distinguished  from  the 
oval  section  or  "  Irish  Volunteers."  Of 
members  enrolled  previous  to  this— about 
1.000 — witness  continued,     not     more     than 

000  adhered  to  the  disloyal  tection  of  the 
filial  Provisional  Committee.  By  October, 
4,  the  Volunteers  following  Mr.   Redmond 

1  fallen  in  numbers  to  165.000,  whilst  those 
owing  Mr.  McNeill  had  gone  up  to  13,500, 
hiding  over  2, COO  in  Dublin,  of  whom  a  few 
onged  to  the  Citizen  Army.  From  that 
ie  the  shrinkage  in  the  National  Vo'unteers 
i  steadily  continued.  From  the  middle;  of 
tober  to  the  middle  of  December  the  Irish 
lunteers  were  estimated  to  be  about  14,000 
ong,    and    they    were   increased    by      about 

00  men  in  the  provinces.  This  'ncrease 
chronised  with  several  efforts  being  made 
the  Department  for  Recruiting  in  Ireland 
get  men  for  the  Colours.  Impetus  "'as 
en  to  the  Irish  Volunteer  movement  by  the 
r  of  the  Military  Service  Bill  being  applied 
Ireland.  The  number  cf  Sinn  Fein  VoL:n- 
i?  ct  the  time  of  the  outbreak  was  esti- 
1&1L  by  the  police  authorities  to  be  about 
200,  including  some  2,850  in  the  provinces, 
whom  the  majority  we;  ^  actually  enrolled' 
Irish    Volunteers,   &nd   reman"  ed,   although 

1  calling    themselves    Nation,*'.    Volunteers, 
f  3  looked  upon  .lohn  MacNeill  as  their  head. 

ere  was  no  difficulty  in  the  country  for  the 
yal  Irish  Constabulary  to  know  what 
der  the  men  acknowledged'.     The  figure  of 


3,225,  including  100  of  the  Citizen  Army, 
given  by  the  Metropolitan  Police  of  Dublin, 
was     likely     to   be     under-estimated.  Ihe 

Citizen  Army  were  militant  members  cf  the 
Irish  Transport  Workers'  Union,  which,  under 
James  Larkin,  had  conducted  ihe  strike  of 
1913,  and,  when  Larkin,  at  the  end  of  1914, 
left  Ireland  for  America,  obeyed  the  orders  ol 
James  Thomas  Connolly.  it  was  believed 
that  the  close  association  between  the  Citizen 
Army  ana'  the  Irish  Volunteers  only  dated 
from  the  latter  part  of  1915.  But  there  was 
no  doubt  that  in  recent  months  they  had 
worked  together,  worked  under  one  direction, 
the  Citizen  Army  leaders  urging  violent  ac- 
tion. In  this  they  were  supported  by  the 
Irish  Republican  leaders,  which  consisted  of  a 
small  knot  of  men,  of  whom  some  members 
had,  in  connection  with  the  dynamite  out- 
rages in  1883,  been  sentenced  to  penal  ser- 
vitude. 

FUNDS    FROM    AMERICA. 

The  Irish  Volunteers  had  from  the  outset- 
funds  at  their  disposal.  Before  the  split  be- 
tween the  National  and'  the  Irish  Volunteers 
considerable  sums  were  coming  from  America, 
and  being  paid  into  various  banks  in  Dublin 
in  the  name  of  Mr.  John  MacNeill,  President 
of  the  General  Council  and  Executive  Com- 
mittee, and  another  gentleman.  Sums  roughly 
amounting  to  £16,000  continued  to  be  sent. 
into  the  account  up  to  September,  1914.  After 
that  it  was  not  possible  to  trace  the  method 
of  receipt  in  Ireland  of  funds  from  America. 
It  was  believed  that  a  large  part  of.  the  funds 
available  for  anti-British  organisation  were 
expended  in  the  maintenance  of  seditious 
newspapers,  and  the  circulation  of  seditious 
leaflets,  and  the  employment  of  organisers  to 
travel  the  country  to  win  people  to  join  the 
Irish  Volunteers,  and  become  in  their  turn 
organisers  in  this  direction.  A  summary  at- 
tached to  the  statement  showed  that  shortly 
before  the  outbreak  of  the  insurrection  there 
were  supposed  to  be  1.886  rifles,  and  a  number 
of  shot  guns,  pistols,  and  revolvers  in  the 
provinces,  and  825  rifles  and  a  number  of  other 
firearms  in  Dublin. 

HOW    ARMS    AND    AMMUNITION    WERE 
OBTAINED. 

The  number  of  rifles  was  probably  under- 
estimated. Thefts  of  rifles  from  the  "National 
Volunteers  .were  not  tak.?n  into  account.  It 
was  known  that  a  hundred  were  stolen'  from 
the  warehouses  of  the  London  and  North- 
Western  Railway  Company.  There  wer« 
thefts  of  riftes  from  the  military,  and  they 
must  have  been  considerable.  No  doubt  fur- 
ther rifles  were  purchased  from  soldiers  or. 
leave.  There  was  evidence  of  heavy  importa- 
tion from  England  before  it  was  stopped  or. 
December  8th,  1915.  It  was  also  known  tha 
revolvers  and  pistols,  much  in  excess  of  tl.i 
number  on  record,  were  being  brought  int'- 
Iieland  in  passengers'  baggage  and  otherwise 
For  some  time  it  was  believes  that  there  wai 
n  >  ^reat  supply  of  ammunition,  in  (he  hands 
of  the  Volunteers.  It  was  '-nown  there  hai* 
been  at  least  one  considerable  theft  r>;  military 
an  munition,  and  al-o  that  the  rounds  carried 
by   soldiers   were  being   purchased.       It   wa* 


152 


also  believed  that  man  killing  ammunition 
was  being  made  for  miniature  rifles  and  shot 
puns.  Searches  made  from  time  to  time  in 
Dublin  and  the  provinces,  had  revealed  no 
considerable  store  either  of  arms  or  ammuni- 
tion. 

EXPLOSIVES. 

On  the  other  hand,  evidence  was  available 
of  considerable  thefts  of  explosives,  and  the 
manufacture  of  bombs.  Offences  connected 
with  explosives  occurred  at  Enniscorthy  in 
February;  1913;  at  Sligo  in  November, 
1915;  at  Cork  in  December,  1915;  at  Castle- 
bell,  tigham  and  at  Lanarkshire,  in  Scotland, 
it  January,  1915,  and  at  a  place  in  County 
Kildare  in  February.  Those  cases  were  con- 
sidered to  indicate  the  intention  to  commit 
outrages  on  persons  or  buildings. 

Describing  the  steps  taken  to  deal  with  the 
movement  which  led  up  to  the  insurrection, 
Sir  Matthew  Nathan  said  that  the  Irish  Vol- 
unteers were  originally  part  of  the  Volunteer 
force  which  came  into  existence  at  the  time 
ot  the  organisation  of  the  Ulster  Volunteers, 
and  the  attempt  made  to  deprive  them  of 
arms,  surreptitiously  landed  for  their  use, 
was  declared  by  a  Judicial  Commission, 
which  sat  shortly  after  the  outbreak  of  the 
Continental  war,  to  be  illegal.  It  wa«  accord- 
ingly impossible  for  the  Government  to 
take  any  proceedings  against  them  at  that 
time.  The  Judicial  Commission  was  a  Royal 
('ommission  into  the  circumstances  of  the 
landing  of  arms  at  Howth.  At  tht  end  of 
1914  it  was  recognised  that  in  th#  personnel 
of  the  Committee,  its  declaration  of  policy, 
the  utterances  of  its  leading  representatives 
in  the  Press  and  at  public  m**cings,  its  op- 
position to  the  efforts  of  Mr  Redmond  and 
the  Irish  Parliamentary  Par'.y  to  bring  Ire- 
land into  line  during  the  nitional  crisis,  and 
its  crusade  against  enlistment  into  the  Army, 
the  Irish  Volunteer  organisation  had  shown 
itself  to  be  disloyal  and  seditions. 

MEASURES     AGAINST      CIVIL     SERVANTS. 

Henceforth,  the  proceedings  of  the  organisa- 
ti'Mi  were  caiefully  matched,  and  steps  v  ere 
taken  to  prevent  ClVu  5<r?!U3  IS  belonging  to 
the  Irish  Volunteers  Earnings  were  given 
i .)  the  seditious  Press,  r^d  steps  were  taken 
1-0  restrict  the  activity  o'.  the  organisation. 
'Ihe  importation  and  sale  of  arms  were 
brought  under  strict  regulation.  The  policy 
of  not  allowing  Government  servants  to  be- 
long to  the  organisation  was  consistently 
followed,  and  where  membership  was  proved 
tn  continue  after  wariiiiir  hod  been  given 
rii^missal  lollowed  Persona  war.*  dismissed 
from  (lie  Ordnance  Stores,  the  {"ml  Office, ihe 
Inland  Revenue,  the  Ordnance  Sin  •"•y.and  eome 
otber  Government  «>r  qaaai  Go»£r*tu>eiit  De- 
laiimoits.  Some  of  Ihe  people  »vho  weie  dis- 
missed    proved     to    be    atnon^el    the    most 

\ir|er/t  oj  those  who  were  against,  the  Govern- 
ment in  tbe  easea  of  prieata  assisting  th« 
\  (  linitcers  m  any  public  way.  representation* 
v.t"i-  made  t<>  the  iiigher  ecrleuiaAical 
*  f.'thority.  A  Hit  f  \}  Li'.itg  1  he  actions  taken  in 
dealing    with    fditirui    newspapers,    witness 

w*r  t  OR  to  .«0|  lr,*i  th*  necessity  of  placing 
*.»•   check   ou    Cm    activities    of    tho    organi- 


sing instructors  was  considered  by  thi 
military  and  civil  authorities  in  July,  1915 
Four  men  were  sentenced,  one  to  four  an< 
the  other  to  three  months'  imprisonment 
and  ordered  to  leave  Ireland,  but  they  wen 
told  that  at  the  expiration  of  their  sentence 
the  order  would  not  be  enforced  unless  thei 
conduct  was  unsatisfactory.  Two  of  then 
were  deported,  and  their  deportatioi 
was  followed  by  somewhat  violent  de 
monstrations  in  Dublin.  One.  of  the  men 
Mellows,  returned  and  lee  the  insurrection  i; 
Galway.  Of  the  496  cases  under  the  Regula 
tion,  153  had  been  '  l  making  use  of  anti 
recruiting  expressions  a-.c  ille^.J  and  seditiou 
language,  and  34  w^it  for  >.  -nces  in  regar* 
to  arms  and  ammunition. 


VERDICTS    AGAINST    WEI-:]T    OF     EVIDENCI 

In  two  bad  case3  of  having  explosives  i 
possession,  brought  before  juries  in  Dublir 
verdicts  of  not  guilty  were  returned  again* 
the  weight  of  evidence.  Similar  miscarriage 
of  justice  occurred  in  Cork  in  connection  wit 
speeches.  As  the  Defence  of  the  Realm  Ac 
had  done  away  with  trial  by  court-uiartia 
and  as  juries  could  not  be  trusted,  it  was  n< 
cessary  to  bring  such  cases  before  the  magii 
trates  in  Dublin  and  elsewhere,  and  thi 
meant  that  the  punishment  for  serious  offenc< 
could   not  exceed   six    months'   hard  labour. 

Proceeding,  Sir  Matthew  said  that  the  Iris 
Government  had  considered  it  of  primary  in 
portance  to  prevent  the  Irish  Volunteers  tx 
coming  a  military  danger,  and'  that  e*<J( 
obstacle  should  be  placed  in  the  way  of  tea 
and  ammunition  getting  into  their  hands, 
was  dihValt  to  make  this  policy  er, ectiv 
English  manufacturers  had  been  m.portir. 
freely  into  Ireland  for  some  time  after  tl\ 
commencement  of  the  war,  and  eve-n  after  tl 
importation  was  forbidden,  owing  to  the  a 
tion  of  the  Customs  examiners,  it  wa*  til 
possible  to  prevent  forbidden  goods  from  ge 
ting  through.  As  late  as  April  16th  a  ca 
of  500  bayonets  was  detected  by  the  police  ( 
the  way  from  a  Sheffield  cutler  to  a  Sir 
Fei-  manager  of  what  was  believed  to  be 
reputable  firm. 

ANXIOUS   TO   START    "BUSINESS." 

A  report  was  received  in  March,  said  wi 
ness,  to  the  effect  that  the  young  men  of  tl 
Irish  Volunteers  were  very  anxious  to  sta 
business  at  once,  and  w.-re  being  backed  I 
strongly  by  Connolly,  of  the  Citizen  Arm 
but  the  heads  of  the  Volunteers  were  again 
the  rising  at  present.  One  of  their  leade 
said'  it  would  be  fhe*.r  nadr.es*  i.nles^  tl 
help  promised  by  Monteith  was  foriheomin 
It  was  stated  that  Monteith  Vad  teen  an  Iri: 
Volunteer  instructor,  and  wrs  in  Germany, 
was  reported  th><t  there  was  to  he  a  genef 
mobilisation  on  April  2nd  Another  report 
March  22nd  stated  that  there  was  no  fear 
uny  rising  by  Volunteers  standing  alone.  1  h 
were  not  prepaid  Tor  any  T  '  loiiced  actio 
and   the  majority   were  practically   antral! 

On  17th  April  there  was  information  co 
tained  in  a  letter  which  told  of  the  <oute( 
plated  landing  from  a  German  ship  made  up 


153 


§§11% 

^W'  St  ^ 

1 

P7;ofo    by 

LORD    HARDINGE. 


MR.    JUSTICE    SHEARMAN. 


[Photo  Piess. 
SIR    MACKENZIE    CHALMERS 


These   gentlemen   constituted   the   Royal   Commission  which  inquired  into  the  causes 

of  the  rebellion. 


I'hoto    by  IPhotn  Fress. 

SIR    MATTHEW   NATHAN,  the  late    Under  MR.    AUGUSTINE    tflRHEUL,    the   late   Chief 

Secretary    for   Ireland.  Secretary    for    Ireland. 

After  giving  evidence   before  the  Royal   Commission  at  Westminster. 


154 


#  neutral  and  accompanied  by  two  sub- 
marines, of  arms  and  ammunition  on  the 
Bouth-West  coast.  The  letter  was  shown  to 
\he  Inspector-General  of  the  Royal  Irish  Con- 
stabulary, and  the  Insjectors  of  the  South 
«nd  South-West  counties  werp  £«t  on  their 
/uard.  On  the  19th  a  report  was  received  by 
the  police  from  a  woman  having  two  brothers 
in  the  Irish  Volunteers  that  the  Castle  would 
be  attacked  that  night,  but  nothing  unusual 
occurred.  Witness  then  went  on  to  speak  of 
/he  events  connected  with  tbe  attempted  land- 
ing from  German  vessels  and  the  arrest  of  Sii 
Roger  Casement. 

EASTER    SUNDAY    ORDER    RESCINDED. 

About  that  time  a  notice  was  published  in 
pin  Irish  newspaper,  signed  by  John  MacNeill, 
"  CI  lief  of  Staff,  Irish  Volunteers,"  rescinding 
the  orders  for  Easter  Sunday,  and  stating 
that  no  movement  of  the  Volunteers  would 
take  place.  In  another  portion  of  the  paper 
She  discovery  of  the  collapsible  boat  and  the 
•nest  of  a  man  of  unknown  nationality  and 
of  Stack  and  Collins  was  announced. 

There  was  no  movement  of  the  Irish  Volun- 
teers on  Easter  Sunday,  but  a  report  was  re- 
ceived of  a  robbery  under  arms,  and  the 
st'ali'g  of  five  501b.  cases  of  gelignite,  which 
wa.  believed  to  have  been  brought  into  Dublin 
by    motor  car. 

DECISION    TO     ARREST     LEADERS. 

A  consultation  took  place  at  the  Viceregal 
Lodge,  and  it  was  considered  that  the  position 
justified  the  arrest  and  internment  in  Eng- 
land of  seme  of  the  leaders  of  the  movement. 
This  course  was,  therefore,  decided  on, 
Further  evidence  of  their  association  with  the 
enemy  was  received  from  the  District  In- 
spector of  1  ralee,  wbo  reported  the  arrest  of 
one  of  the  men  landing  in  the  collapsible  boat, 
and  implicating  Stack  and  Collins.  He  also 
stated  that  a  vessel  containing  arms  was  to  he 
piloted  into  tenit  that  night,  and  that  there 
was  to  be  a  rising  and  an  attack  on  Dublin 
Castle.  The  Chief  Secretary  agreed  to  the 
arrest  of  the  leaders,  in  view  of  their  definite 
association  with  the  enemy  having  been  estab- 
lished. Later  telegrams  were  refCJvtd  telling  of 
malicious  damage  to  the  railway  and  tele- 
graphic communications. 

THE    FIRST   SHOT. 

The  first  shot  w.ns  fired  a  little  after  noon 
on  April  24th.  When  matters  connected  with 
the  general  situation  were  being  discussed  at 
the  Castle,  shots  rang  out  at  the  gate,  and 
4 lie  body  of  a  dying  policeman  was  carried 
into  the  yard.  The  statement  proceeded  to 
enumerate  the  places  in  Dublin  which  were 
taken   by  the   rebels. 

I  be  existence  of  organised  bodies  of  trained 
and  ;. rnieci  men.  not  under  the  control  of  the 
Government,  which  in  August,  1914,  was  the 
re<  'ignised  state  of  affairs  in  Irrland,  neces- 
i- :•  i  i I v  involved  grave  risk*  to  'he  State.  The 
He*  in  the  early  days  of  the  -*«r.  that  these 
Volunteers  should  come  under  control  ■■<■<  part 
T»f  the  aimed  forces  of  the  Crown,  for  the 
dffenee  ol  Ireland  against  a  foreign  enemy, 
did  not  find  favom  with  the  r»ihUirv  authori- 
ses, an  J,   wfule   thus*    Volunteer*   wbo   would 


have  accepted  such  control  either  eniisted  in 
the  Army  or  became  inactive,  others  turned 
to  national  hostility,  which  enhanced  the 
danger  the}'  constituted  to  the  Empire.  Sup- 
nression  of  the  Volunteers  woulj  have  meant 
romnlett  c' sarmament.  anc,  a',  an"  rata, 
strong  c>erc-ve  measures,  which  tu  be  effec- 
tive would  hav>  had  to  go  outside  the  Irish 
Volunteers,  and  extend  to  the  body  from 
which  they  had  sprung,  and  were  subsequently 
to  some  extent  recruited. 

THE    DIFFICULTY. 

In  the  circumstances,  especially  if  the 
Volunteers  tr  resist  Home  Rule  had  been 
allowed  to  continue,  the  Nationalist  union 
would  have  been  completely  alienated,  and 
with  it  that  large  body  of  Irish  feeling  which 
had  been  favourable  to  Great  Britain  in  the 
war,  and  had  sent  some  55.000  Irish  Catholics 
to  fight  for  ttis  Empire.  It  was  rather  note- 
worthy that  in  the  month  ending  April  15th 
1,827  men  joined  the  Army,  including  448  in 
Dublin  itself.  Since  the  beginning  of  the  war 
18,698  men  had  joined  in  Dublin.  Even  such 
measures  as  the  suppression  of  seditious  news- 
papers and  the  prosecution  of  persons  for  in- 
flammatory speeches  were  taken  against  the 
advice  of  the  Irish  Parliamentary  Party, 
whose  loyalty  was  undoubted.  It  was  for 
these  reasons  that  the  policy  of  the  Govern- 
ment was  not  to  attempt  the  suppression  of 
the  Volunteers.  At  the  same  time,  war  con- 
ditions required  that  the  measures  taken 
should  prevent  them  getting  supplies  of  arms 
and  ammunition,  and  organising,  especially  in 
those  parts  of  Ireland  where  they  might 
render  assistance  to  a  foreign  enemy.  The 
possibility  of  this  was  always  kept  in  view, 
and  the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary  watched 
their  movements. 

THE    CONSTABULARY'S    PAFJT.. 

In  spite  of  the  demands  of  recruiting,  it  was 
looked  upon  as  important  not  to  allow  any 
great  diminution  in  the  numbers  of  the  Con- 
stabulary,, but  considerably  to  increase  tho 
strength  of  the  garrison  (military).  It  was 
known  that  this  could  supply  at  short  votio» 
p  movable  force  of  2,500.  and  that  1,000  men 
could  turn  out  in  Dublin  and  Cork  if  required. 
When  the  insurrection  broke  out  the  men 
quickly  turned  out  from  the  Dublin  barracks, 
and  some  hundreds  concentrated  at  the  Castle, 
and  other  posts  were  occupied.  2,500  men 
arrived  that  evening,  and  1.000  men  came 
from  Belfast  tbe  following  day.  Further 
reinforcements  arrived  from  England  on  the 
26th. 

MEETING     OF    THE    LEADERS. 

There  seemed  to  have  been  a  meeting  of 
the  Volunteer  leaders  in  Dublin  on  Saturday 
or  Sunday,  when  it  was  decided  by  a  majority 
of  one,  it  was  stated,  to  start  an  insurrec- 
tion the  following  Easter  Monday.  Had  In- 
formation been  obtained  of  thL">  moveiu**-} 
troops  would  have  been  concentrated  <.«rner 
in  the  Castle.  Generally,  the  tactics  which 
their  numbers  and  armament  forced  them  to 
adoft.  while  they  made  ultimate  success 
hopeless,    gave    them        the    master/    of    tU* 


155 


situation  for  some  time,  and  would  have  dona 
so  had   more  troops  been   available. 

The  only  practical  purpose  such  an  insurrec- 
tion could  achieve  was  to  detain  a  large  num- 
ber of  troops  in  the  city  for  a  time,  which 
would  be  valuable  to  a  hostile  force  operating 
elsewhere.  Apart  from  its  general  ultimate 
futility,  the  conduct  of  the  insurrection 
showed  greater  organising  power  and  more 
military  skill  than  had  been  attributed  to  the 
Volunteers,  and  tbey  also  appeared,  from  re- 
ports,  to  have  acted   with  greater  courage. 

This  concluded  the  statement,  and  Sir 
Matthew  Nathan  then  answered  questions  put 
to  him 

WITNESS    EXAMINED. 

The  President — What  is  the  strength  of 
the  Constabulary  ?  The  actual  strength  on 
the  31st   March  last   was  9,302. 

Has  there  been  any  increase  or  decrease  of 
late?  There  has  been  a  considerable  decrease 
since    the   beginning  of   the   war. 

But  with  all  the  activity  on  the  part  of 
Volunteers  and  other  associations,  did  you 
not  consider  it  was  necessary  to  keep  the 
Constabulary  up  to  establishment?  I  felt 
strongly  that  any  big  decrease  would  be 
quite  out  of  the  question. 

But  the  decrease  was  about  2,000,  was  it 
not  ?  It  was  not  as  much  as  that.  There  were 
1,231  wanting  to  complete  establishment,  but 
I  t'^'ik  that  includes  a  considerable  number 
that    had    been    wanting    for   some    time. 

ABOLITION    OF   THE   ARMS    RESTRICTION. 

Replying  to  Mr.  Justice  Shearman,  witness 
said  that  on  August  5th,  1914,  the  re&triction 
on  the  importation  of  arms  into  Ireland,  which 
had  existed  until  then,  was  removed,  but  he 
did  not  know  why.  He  added  that  the  impor- 
tation of  arms  was  prohibited  in  1913.  After 
the  removal  of  the  restrictions  efforts  were 
made  to  prohibit  im  ortation  under  the  De- 
fence of  the  Realm  Act.  There  was  licence 
outy  to  be  paid,   but  it  was  not  enforced. 

The  Chairman — Why  not?  It  is  enforced  in 
England. 

Witness  was  understood  to  reply  that,  as  the 
arms  were  obviously  carried  for  illegal  pur- 
poses, it  was  looked  upon  as  trifling  to  ask 
for   licence   duty. 

A  STATUTE  THAT  WAS   NOT  ENFORCED. 

Mr  Justice  Shearman — Is  there  any  statute 
to  prevent  armed  drilling  for  illegal  purposes? 
There  is  a  statute  against  illegal  assembly. 
There  is  a  statute  of  1819  which  prevents 
armed  persons  drilling  together,  whatever 
their  object,  without  the  permission  of  the 
authorities. 

Vou  have  no  experience  of  that  statute 
beir.g   enforced?     No. 

So  there  was  nothing  to  enable  you  to  arrest 
people  drilling  with  arn^*d  weapons,  unless 
you  could  prove  they  were  there  for  a  seditious 
purpose?  There  was  nothing  to  prevent  loyal 
or  disloyal  citizens  assembling  to  any  num- 
ber.    We  were  deterred   for   political   reasons. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman  asked  if  the  drilling 
of  joung  men  *nd  th*>  training  of  young 
woH.en    to   giv«   Vsl    »i«i,    which    witness   had 


described  in  his  report,  did  not  obviously 
point   to   a   war   in    Ireland. 

Sir   Matthew   Nathan    did   not  reply. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman  asked  when  the  sham 
attack    on    Dublin    Castle    took    place. 

Witness— On    the    6th    October,    1915. 

llts  Chairman — Did  not  it  seem  "extra- 
ordinary" that  these  people  should  be  per- 
mitted to  make  an  attack  on  Dublin  Castle, 
and  that  nothing  was  done  to  prevent  it?  Ci 
course,  we  were  accustomed  to  all  sorts  of 
operations  in   Ireland. 

LEAVING    IT    ALONE. 

Was  the  fact  that  no  notice  was  take-.-,  of 
this  in  accordance  with  the  general  line  of 
pohcy  laid  down  by  those  responsible?  Cene^ 
rally 

And  that  a  free  hind  was  to  be  given  to 
any  of  the  Irish  Volunteers  to  behave  as  they 
liked,  provided  they  did  not  go  actually  to 
extremities    such    as    taking    life? 

Witness  hesitated   a   little   about   a  replv. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman  interposed  with  "the 
remark — He  says  lie  decided  that  unless  there 
was  an  actual  outbreak  they  would  not  inter- 
fere. If  you  disarmed  publicly  these  people 
there  must  have  been  some  bloodshed,  and  if 
you  let  it  blow  over  it  might  blow  over  with- 
out any  bloodshed  at  all.  1  hope  I  am  not 
wronging  you  in  saying  that  was  the  policy 
pursued. 

Witness   agreed. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — The  policy  chosen 
was,  to  leave  it  alone,  in  the  hope  that  it 
would  result  in  nothing. 

Witness — Also  in  the  belief  that  the  actioi 
against  these  Volunteers,  on  the  ground  that 
they  had  been  manoeuvring,  would  have  rt 
suited  in  the  alienation  of  the  great  bulk  o\ 
the  Irish  people,  which  was  not  in  favour  of 
these  people. 

ADMINISTRATION. 

After  lunch,  the  witness,  replying  to  Si" 
Mackenzie  Chalmers,  gave  details  as  to  th* 
administrative  constitution  of  the  Dublin 
Castle  staff  and  the  police — the  R.I.C.  and  the 
Dublin    Metropolitan    Police. 

What  is  the  strength  of  the  Dublin  Police? 
The   number   is  1,121,    out   of   a  maxim  if 

1,160. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers  then  asked  ques- 
tions of  Sir  Matthew  Nathan  relative  to  the 
cases  he  had  mentioned,  the  results  of  which 
led  the  authorities  to  conclude  that  juries 
were  not  to  be  trusted.  Th-  juries  in  those 
cases,  he  said,  did  not  disagree,  but  definitely 
acquitted  die  accused,  against  whom,  in  th« 
view  of  tie  C«c\»n,  the  evidence  was  pretty 
clear. 

MILITARY   STRENGTH    IN    DUBLIN. 

From  the  22nd  April  onwards,  how  many 
soldiers  had  you  in  Dublin?  There  must 
have  been  about  4,000. 

Had  you  any  English  or  Scottish  regiments 
in  Dublin'  Cavalry.  They  did  not  attempt 
to  use  them  as  cavalry.  Witness  ad  Jed  that 
there  -ere  in  UsjWir.  about  one  thousand  un 
armed  DuUJL  V-olice,  while  at  the  Depot 
there  were  about  fifty  men  of  the  R.I.C. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers  So  that  yots: 
armed   force   was  about  1,050?     Yes. 


If;  6 


Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — Among  the  Dub- 
fin  Police  and  the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary 
I  imagine  you  had  perfect  loyalty?     Yes. 

Necessarily  you  are  left  a  good  deal  in  „ole 
charge  at  Dublin  Castle  I  suppose?  If  Par- 
liament is  sitting,  and  Mr.  Birreli  is  there. 
The  last  occasion  Mr.  Birreli  was  in  Irelind 
was  in  February,  when  he  was  there  about 
ten  days  or  a  fortnight. 

THE    SINN    FEIN     MOVEMENT. 

The  witness  was  then  questioned  about  the 
Vim  Fein  movement,  and  read  a  statement  to 
the  effect  that  it  was  started  in  1905,  giving  as 
its  aims  and  objects  national  development  on 
the  lines  successfully  adopted  by  the  Hun- 
garians in  their  struggle  with  Austria.  By  a 
policy  of  Sinn  Fein,  "  ourselves  alone,"  it 
was  to  deal  with  all  movements  originating 
within  Ireland,  not  looking  outside  Ireland  for 
the  accomplishment  of  their  aims. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — Was  there  any 
connection  between  the  Larkinites  and  the 
Clan-na-Gael?        We  knew     that     Larkin  ap- 

S eared  on  Clan-na-Gael  platforms  in  America, 
'iiat  was  after  he  left  Dublin. 

WHERE     IS     LARKIN. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — Is  it  quite  certain, 
/ir  Matthew,  that  he  is  in  America?  We  be- 
lieve so. 

Sir  Matthew  went  on  to  explain  the  nature 
of  the  Gaelic  League.  It  was  formed,  he  said, 
for  the  study  of  Irish  literature  and  language, 
and  included  people  of  all  political  opinions. 
Gradually  those  who  were  not  anti-British 
dropped  out,  and  afterwards  the  Executive 
was  practically  captured  by  the  leaders  of  the 
Irish  Volunteers. 

The  Gaelic  Athletic  Association  was  ».nti- 
British,  and  soldiers  in  uniform  were  not  al- 
lowed to  attend  its  gatherings. 

Sir    Mackenzie    Chalmers — Was    any    notice 
taken  of  that?     No  action  was  taken. 
MR.  JOHN    MacNEILL'S  NOTICE. 

Witness  was  asked  about  the  notice  signed 
by  John  MacNeill,  saying  that  there  would  be 
no  movement  of  the  Irish  Volnntecrg  on 
Easter  Sunday.  "Was  that  a  blind?"  asked 
bir   Mackenzie  Chalmers. 

"  I  should  very  much  like  to  know,"  was 
the  reply.  "  I  don't  think  so.  He  probably 
wanted  to  stop  it  at  the  last  moment. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — I  cannot  under- 
stand why  you  suggest  that  if  thesn  m«n 
were  disarmed  the  loyal  Nationalist  Vc'.vm- 
teers  and  the  Ulster  Volunteers  should  also 
disarm,  when  there  is  no  connection  bjtween 
tbem. 

Sir  Ma'  hew  Nathan— We  did  not  know  at 
the  time  who  were  loyal  and  who  v-eie  dis- 
loyal. A  good  many  of  them  went  over  from 
the  loyalist  to  the  disloyal  side  afterwards.  If 
we  had  left  the  National  Volunteers  w«i  should 
have  left  a   large  number   of   disloyal    people, 

STRIKING  ADMISSION  BY  MR.  BIIcHS!.!.. 

On  Eriday,  19th  May,  Mr.  Augastine 
Birreli,  late  Chief  Secretary  for  Irelaitl,  ap- 
peared before  the  Commission  at  the  Royal 
Commission  House,  Westminster.    He  wdd  that 


he  had  seen  Sir  Matthew  Nathan's 
statement,  and  he  had  no  additions 
to  make  in  regard  to  it.  Mr.  Birreli  added 
that  he  had  prepared  a  statement  of  a  rather 
general  character  on  Sinn  Feinism,  and  at 
c.ce  proceeded  to  read  it 

The  statement  was  as  follows  : — 
The  spirit  of  what  to-day  is  called  Sinn 
Feinism  is  mainly  composed  of  the  old 
hatred  and  distrust  of  the  British  connection,  ] 
always  noticeable  in  all  classes  and  in  all 
places,  varying  in  degree,  and  finding 
different  ways  of  expression,  but  alwayrs  there 
as  the  background  of  Irish  politics  and 
character.  Dr.  Newman,  on  coming  over  to 
Dublin  as  an  English  Catholic,  in  the  very 
middle  of  the  last  century,  discovered  it  for 
himself,  and  was  amazed  and  disgusted  at  its 
virility,  and  was  very  glad  to  get  away  from 
it.  This  dislike,  hatred,  disloyalty  (so  un- 
intelligible to  many  Englishmen)  is  hard  to 
define,  but  d.sy  to  discern,  though  incapable 
of  exact  measurement  from  year  to  year.  You 
may  assume  it  is  always  there,  and  always 
dangerous.  Reasons  are  often  given  for  its 
persistency  despite  efforts  to  obliterate  it. 
Had  Catholic  Emancipation  accompanied  the 
Act  of  Union,  had  the  land  tenure  reform 
been  ante-dated  half  a  century,  had  the  Pro- 
testant Church  of  Ireland  been  disestablished 
a  little  more  to  please  the  Irish  people  and 
not  so  much  to  gratify  tl.<  ontish  Noncon- 
formist, had  t.ie  Unversioj  question  been 
earlier  settled,  it  is  possible,  though  not  ob- 
vious, that  this  spirit  of  Sinn  Feinism  might 
by  now  have  been  exorcised.  It  has,  in  point 
of  fact,  been  immensely  weakened  and  re- 
stricted, and  out  of  many  Irish  breasts  it 
may,  perhaps,  have  been  removed  altogether. 
TRANSFORMATION. 
The  last  twenty  years  have  worked  trans- 
formation. The  face  of  the  country  is  changed. 
Self-government  has  been  established  in  the 
counties  on  the  most  democratic  plan,  and 
with  the  most  democratic  results  ever  devised 
or  accomplished,  even  by  Tories,  and, 
though  the  experiment  was  a  risky  one,  it 
has,  on  the  whole,  succeeded.  The  Irish 
Local  Government  Board,  though  much  ex- 
posed to  criticism,  and  corning  in  for  a  fair 
share  of  abuse,  is  essentially  an  Irish  Board, 
and  wholly  outside  what  is  called,  often  most 
uninstructedly,  "the  Castle"  influence.  The 
Congested  Districts  Board,  with  enlarged 
statutory  powers  and  a  very  considerable  in- 
come, is  also  essentially  an  Irish  Board,  and 
within  its  powers  and  within  its  income 
supreme.  The  Department,  as  it  is  called,  of 
Agriculture  and  Technical  Instruction  is  Irish 
in  all  its  ways,  quarrels  and  pursuits.  And 
yet,  despite  these  things,  and  in  the  face  of 
prosperity  among  the  farmers,  cottages  for 
the  labourers,  and  control  over  her  most  im- 
portant affairs,  no  close  observer  of  Ireland 
as  a  whole  during  the  last  two  years  or  so 
could  fail  to  notice  that  this  Sinn  Fein  spirit 
was  increasing.  For  a  number  of  years  the 
Home  Rule  controversy,  which  seemed  at 
last  to  be  on  its  way  to  a  Parliamentary  solu- 
tion, absorbed  most  of  the  energies  of  active 
politicians,   whilst   those     who     were    out    eff 


157 


real  sympathy  with  a  movement  which  seemed 
to  them  limited  and  an  romantic,  were  content 
to  allow  the  controversy  to  be  conducted  in 
Parliament  by  able  leaders,  and  to  run  its 
course,  whilst  they  stayed  at  home  and  at- 
tended, or  at  least  supported, the  Gaelic  League 
and   other  kindred  and  influential  societies. 

THE    IRJSH    LITERAR.'    REVIVAL. 

This  period  was  also  marked  by  a  genuine 
literary  Irish  revival,  in  prose,  poetry,  and  ;he 
drama,  which  has  produced  remarkable  book*, 
and  plays,  and  a  school  u  acting,  all  char- 
acterised by  originality  and  independence  cf 
thought  and  expression,  quite  divorced  from 
pny  "political  party,  and  all  tending  towards 
and  feeding  latent  desires  for  some  kind  of 
separate  Irish  national  existence.  It  was  a 
curious  situation  to  watch,  but  there  was 
nothing  in  it  suggestive  of  revolt  or  tecellion, 
except  in  the  realm  of  thought.  Indeed,  it 
was  quite  the  other  way.  The  Abbey  Theatre 
made  merciless  fun  of  mad  political  enter- 
prise, and  lashed  with  savage  rat  ire  some  his- 
torical aspects  of  the  Irish  revolutionary.  1 
was  often  amazed  at  the  literary  detachment 
and  courage  of  the  playwright,  the  relentless 
audacity  of  the  actors  and  actresses,  and'  the 
patience  and  comprehension  of  the  audience. 
This  new  critical  tone  and  temper,  noticeable 
everywhere,  penetrating  everything,  and  in- 
fluencing many  minds  in  all  ranks,  whilst  hav- 
ing its  disintegrating  effects  upon  old  fashioned' 
political  beliefs  and  worn  out  controversial 
phrases,  was  the  deadly  foe  of  that  wild  senti- 
mental passion  which  has  once  more  led  so 
many  brave  young  fellows*  to  a  certain  doom, 
in  the  belief  that  in  Ireland-  any  revolution  is 
better  than  none.  A  little  more  time,  and, 
but  for  the  outbreak  of  the  war,  this  new 
critical  temper  would,  in  my  belief,  have 
finally  prevailed,  not  indeed  to  destroy 
national  sentiment  (for  that  is  immortal),  but 
to  kill  by  ridicule  insensate  revolt.  But  this 
was  not  to  be. 

SOME  "CAUSES"  OF  ANTIPATHY. 

There  are  a  number  of  contributory  causes, 
which  lately  have  created'  antipathy  to  con- 
stitutional methods  and  tended  to  increase 
in  numbers.  First — growing  doubts  a',out  the 
actual  advent  of  Home  Rule.  If  the  Home 
Rule  Bill  had  not  been  placed'  on  the  Statute 
Book  there  must  have  been  in  Ireland  and  the 
United  States  a  great  and  dangerous  explosion 
of  rage  and  disappointment,  which  when  the 
war  broke  out  would  have  assumed  the  most 
alarming  proportions  in  Ireland.  All  (outside 
parts  of  Ulster)  would  have  jcineJ  hands, 
wh  t*t  our  reports  from  Washington  tell  us 
%ii<»t  the  effect  in  America  would  have  been. 
Still,  even  with  Home  Rule  on  the  Statute 
Book,  the  chance  of  its  ever  becoming  a  fact 
was  so  uncertain,  the  outstanding  difficulty 
about  Ulster  was  so  obvious,  and  the  details 
of  the  measure  itself  were  so  unattractive 
and'  difficult  to  transmute  into  telling  plat- 
form pbiases,  that  Home  Rule  as  an  emo- 
tional flag  tell  ont  of  daily  use  in  current  Irish 
life.  I'eofle  left  off  talking  about  it,  or  wav- 
ing it  in  the  air. 

•Second — In  Ireland,  whenever  Constitutional 


and  Parliamentary  procedure  cease  to  be  of 
absorbing  influence,  other  men,  other  methods, 
other  thoughts,  before  somewhat  harshly 
snubbed,  come  rapidly  to  the  surface,  and 
secure  attention,  sympathy  and  support.  The 
sneers  of  the  O'Brienites,  the  daily  najr~''ngs  in 
the  Dublin  Irish  Independent  also  contributed 
to  the  partial  eclipse  of  Home  Rule,  and  thia 
eclipse   foretold   danger. 

THE  ULSTER  REBELLION. 
Third — The  Ulster  rebellion,  the  gun  run- 
ning at  Larne,  the  Covenant,  the  Provisional 
Governrrient,  and  its  numbers,  its  plan  of  war- 
fare in  Belfast,  its  armed  volunteers  and' 
public  drillings,  and  all  the  rest  of  the  pomp 
and  eiieumstances  of  revolution,  had  the  mest 
prtrdigious  eFect  upon  disloyalists  elsewhere. 
There  was  no  anger  with  the  Ulster  rebeiV 
Catholic  Ireland  was  very  proud  of  them. 
"What  tfiey  are  allowed  to  do  we  can  do." 
This   need-   no  elal»oration   from   me. 

Fourth  ^Then  came  tre  war  on  the  4tl 
August,  1914.  This  was  the  moment  of  *h« 
greatest  risk.  Nobody  could  foretell  what 
would  happen  in  Ireland,  or  what  her  atti- 
tude would  be.  It  might  easily  have 
demanded  60,000  soldiers  to  keep  her  down. 
Mr.  Redmond's  spontaneous,  patriotic,  coura- 
geous, but  British,  speech,  was  a  bold  stroke, 
and  bravely  has  it  succeeded.  One  hundred 
and  fifty  thousand  Irish  volunteer  soldiers  are 
fighting'  as  Irish  scldiers  know  how  to  fight, 
on  the3  side  of  Grea*  Britain.  To  me  it  is 
marvellous.  But  then  were  in  Ireland  men 
and  women  who  thought  that  Mr.  Redmond 
had  thrown  away  a  grea1  opportunity,  and 
that  he  should  have  struct  a  bargain  vith 
the  Crown  ere  he  consented  to  become  a  .  e- 
cruiting  officer  for  it.  Th->*  *  men  were  in  % 
small  minority.  Ireland  p  eserved  an  on 
broken  front  with  the  rest  of  the  United 
Kingdom  and  the  Empire,  an.'1  this  she  did 
to  the  bitter  disappointment  of  Germany. 
But  the  minority  were  still  there,  and  were 
shortly  to  be  increased  in  numbers. 

Fifth — The  Coalition  Government,  with  Sir 
Edward  Carson  in  it.  It  is  impossible  to  de- 
scribe or  over-estimate  the  effect  of  this  in 
Ireland.  The  fact  that  Mr.  Redmond  could, 
had'  he  chosen  to  do  so,  have  sat  in  the  same 
Cabinet  with  Sir  Edward  Carson,  had  no 
mollifying  influence.  If  Mr.  Redmond  had 
consented,  he  would,  on  the  instant,  have 
ceased  to  be  an  Irish  leader.  This  step  seemed 
to  make  an  end  of  Home  Rule,  and 
strengthened  the  Sinn  Feincrs  enormously 
all  over  the  country. 

Sixth — The  prolongation  of  the  war,  and  its 
dubious  end.  Irish  criticism  of  the  war  and 
its  chances  were  not  of  the  optimistic  cast 
that  prevail  in  Britain.  Every  event  and  re- 
sult was  put  in  the  balance,  and  weighed. 
The  excitement  was  immense.  So  long  as  the 
war  lasted — and  it  soon  became  obvious  that 
it  might  last  for  years — *here  were  not  wholly 
unreasonable  expectations  »\f  a  German  land- 
ing in  England  or  a  landing  in  Ireland,  and 
of  partial  risings  in  different  parts  of  the 
country,  which,  if  timed  so  as  to  synchronise 
with  a  German  bombardment  of  the  English 
coasts,    and    hosts    of    Zeppelins    flying    ovei 


153 


Ihe  North  of  England  and  the  Midlands, 
would  be  quite  enough — so  it  might  well  be 
thought  by  an  Irish  revolutionist — to  secure  a 
fair  chance  of  an  immediate  Irish  success, 
which,  were  Germany  ultimately  victorious, 
could  nci  but  greatly  damage  British  authority 
and  ruie  in  the  future.  German  assistance 
was  at  the  bottom  of  the  outbreak.  The  war 
turned  many  heads  and  upset  prudent  calcu- 
lations. To  this,  in  Dublin,  was  added  the 
hoarded  passions  of  the  labour  disputes  and 
Bachelor's  Walk. 

THE    WITNESS    EXAMINED. 

The  Chairman — 1  imagine  that  last  year  or 
«o  you  realised  that  there  was  a  dangerous 
movement  in  Ireland?  Yes — further  back 
than  that.  Certainly,  during  the  last  two 
years. 

But  after  consultation  with  the  Irish  leaders 
you  came  to  the  conclusion  that  the  policy  of 
non-intervention  was  the  safest?  Yes,  that  is 
so. 

What  would  you  exactly  mean  by  inter- 
vention? The  misery  of  the  whole  thing  was 
this — you  had  armed  bodies  of  Volunteers  all 
over  the  place,  and  to  some  extent  drilled, 
and  if  you  could  have  got  disarma- 
ment ail  round  it  would  have  been  a  blessing. 
but  to  disarm  any  one  section  of  the  popula- 
tion on  the  evidence  that  we  had  appeared 
to  me  to  be  a  very  dangerous  and  doubtful 
proposition. 

Yo  i  need  r.ot  answer  this  question  unless 
you  like,  Who  were  the  Irish  leaders  who 
ed vised  you  most?  Well,  in  the  first  place  I 
torryed  z  pretty  clear  estimate  of  my  own, 
and'i  do  not  think  that  1  was  enormously  in- 
fluenced by  other  people.  But  Mr.  Redmond, 
for  ex-mple,  ;:iways  took  the  view  that  the 
Sinn  Feiners  were  negligible;  and  was  good 
pnougri  to  say  so  in  the  House  of  Commons. 
]  did  not  attach  too  much  importance  to  his 
opinion  in  that  matter,  because  I  was  quite 
Pi:re  that  they  were  dangerous.  At  the  same 
ti  i.e,  he  expressed  that  opinion  strongly.  It 
did  affect  my  mind  to  this  extent,  that  1  gave 
it  great  consideration.  But  I  came  round  to 
another  view.  Mr.  Dillon,  for  example,  was 
strongly  the  other  way,  not  in  the  sense  of 
taking  action,  but  strongly  of  opinion  that  the 
Sinn  Fein  moveff.snt  and  the  insurrectionary 
movement  undoi  btedly  were  &  danger.  On 
I  hat  point  there  was  a  strong  difference  of 
<i|  iirion  between  the  two,  but  both  were 
ejuaily  in  favrur  of  non-intervention. 

WARNING.1     OF    IMPENDING    TROUBLE. 

\\  hat  fpeci've  warnings  of  impending  trouble 
did  you  hav,.'     Do  you  mean  in  Dublin? 

Anyu  ber' ,  but  especially  in  Dublin?  I 
lliink  you  \,r,e  to  distinguish  very  clearly  be- 
tween the  two.  So  lar  as  the  country  gene- 
rally was  .y.icerned,  we  had  the  reports  of  the 
Koyal  Lini  Constabulary,  who  sent  them  in 
ul'i.n-'t  da-ly  from  (very  district  in  Ireland. 
Ireland  J;  es  under  tile  ./neroscope.  Yve  nad 
vn  them  ep<?Tfc.-  information  which  would  er> 
«|il.  ar.\//Ody  in  London  or  Dublin  to  form  a 
rcry  :i  r  c/t  general  estimate  of  the  feeling  of 
die  con  try  side.  The  feeling  varied  very 
•jnjfh  it  different  localities.  It  varied  very 
jrnuch  i.<  ..'»  ding  to  the  character  of  the  priest. 


If  the  curates  of  the  administrators,  as  they 
are  called,  were  not  Sinn  Feiners,  then  the 
movement  would  die  out  in  those  localities. 
If,  on  the  other  hand,  the  Sinn  Feiners  were 
favoured  and  fostered  by  the  clergy,  they  ex- 
tended. From  these  reports  1  had  no  difficulty 
in  coming  to  a  pretty  just  view  as  to  the 
general  effect  of  Sinn  Feinixm,  of  of  the  Irish 
Volunteers,   all  over  the  country. 

THE     DUBLIN     DIFFICULTY. 

But  when  you  come  to  Dublin,  continued 
the  witness,  you  are  under  the  Metropolitan 
Police,  not  the  R.I.C. 

I  always  felt  I  was  very  ignorant  of  what 
was  actually  going  on  in  the  minds  and 
cellar's,  if  you  like,  of  the  Dublin  population. 
I  was  always  exceedingly  neivous  about  what 
would  happen.  Therefore,  I  distinguish  very 
much  between  the  state  of  things  going  on  in 
Dublin  and  that  in  the  rest  of  the  country. 
So  far  as  Dublin  is  concerned  I  do  not  know 
that  Sir  Matthew  Nathan  was  not  more  in  a 
position  to  know  than  I  was.  1  am  not  con- 
scious of  any  warning  until  towards  the  end 
— the  16th  of  April.  1  heard  at  different 
.times  that  there  were  opinions  that  the  Castle 
was  going  to  be  taken,  but  it  never  came  off. 
1  am  not  aware  of  any  earning  beyond  what 
I  saw  in  the  streets,  and  on  that  I  took  very 
decided  views.  I  had  a  conference  at  the  War 
Office  on  March  20th,  1916,  and  at  the  Horse 
Guards  on  March  23rd,  in  reference  to  the 
supply  of  more  soldiers  in  Dublin.  The  view 
I  put  before  Lord  Kitchener  and  other  mili- 
tary authorities  was  that  we  should  have  more 
soldiers  in  the  streets  of  Dublin.  The  impres- 
sion I  got,  walking  about  the  streets,  was  that 
Sinn  Feinism  was  in  a  certain  sense  in  pos- 
session. 1  put  that  as  forcibly  as  I  could  to 
General  Friend.     I  said  . 

"Let  the  soldiers  be  seen  in  the  streets; 
march  them  about,  and  let  the  people  see 
the  force  they  will  have  to  contend  with." 
1  was  told  by  the  military  authorities  that 
they  were  busy  training  the  soldiers,  and 
that  they  could  not  be  spared,  and  that,  if 
there  was  any  trouble,  the  troops  could  be 
transported  from  Liverpool,  perhaps  as  quickly 
£5  in  any  other  way. 

The  military  were  considering  our  proposals. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — Were  many  of  the 
priests  turbulent?  I  should  not  like  to  say. 
There  are  a  considerable  number.  One  of  the 
most  formidable  anti-recruiting  pamphlets  was 
written  by  the  Catholic  Bishop  of  Limerick, 
Bishop  O'Dwyer.  He  is  a  very  clever  man, 
but  he  has  never  been  a  friend  of  the 
Nationalist   Baity. 

When    there    were   sittings    of   fie   Cabinet 
in   London  you  hai  to   be  in   London? 
A  JACKDAW  OR   MAGPIE. 

Mr.  Birr  ell  said  that  was  *o.  I  have  held 
the  office  of  Chief  Secretary  for  nine  years 
he  proceeded,  and  from  the  beginning  1  held 
the  view  that  it  was  my  business  to  be  pre- 
icnt  at  Cabinet  meetings  in  order  to  tee 
whether  Jrtland  was  a  nee  ted.  Bills  are 
sometimes  instituted  in  a  great  hurry,  and 
Ireland  is  either  left  out  or  pint  in  without 
any  consideiat'on  whatever  of  her  needs  or 
iXLstoi'jr.     luerefore  it  was  necessary  U)  W  4 


159 


the  Cabinet  meetings  not  merely  for  the 
\  general  purposes  of  the  Cabinet,  but  for  Irish 
j  urposes  also.  A  jackdaw  or  a  magpie  would 
aj  just  as  well  as  the  Chief  Secretary  to 
cry  out  at  intervals  "  Ireland."  We 
were  in  constant  communication  with 
the  Castle,  continued  Mr.  Birrell,  and  con- 
nected by  wire  with  the  Under  Secretary. 
Parliament  has  unfortunately  been  sitting  for 
the  past  few  years  all  the  year  round,  and 
therefore  my  visits  to  Ireland  have  been  at 
Christmas,  Easter,  and  Whitsuntide,  and 
sometime  or  other  during  the  summer.  *'  I 
have  not  lived  much  at  the  Lodge,  but  during 
all  these  years  I  have  spent  short  holidays, 
three  or  four  times  a  year,  in  Ireland,  and' 
owinp-  to  the  use  of  motors  I  have  been  far 
more  in  all  parts  of  Ireland  than  any  Chief 
Secretary  who  has  preceded  me. 

THE  REPEAL  OF  THE  ARMS  ACT. 

The  Chairman — What  circumstances 

brought  about  the  repeal  of  the  Arms  Act? 
It  was  before  my  time — in  Mr.  Bryce's  time. 
But  I  was  in  the  Cabinet,  and  1  remember  it 
came  up.  it  was  allowed  to  drop.  1  have  a 
sort  of  recollection  that  it  had  been  a  great 
deal  evaded. 

If  the  Act  had  been  in  force  it  would 
have  operated  against  Ulster?     Yes. 

Even  thourh  the  Arms  Act  had  lapsed, 
had1  you  )  A>  -owers  to  deal  with  stores 
i  f  ammunition  and  explosives  under  the 
Explosives  Acts,  1875  and  1883—1  can't  ray. 

The  Chairman — Many  months  prior  to 
August  4th,  1914,  I  think  you  will  agree  that 
Ireland  was  in  a  state  of  internal  unrest. 
For  obvious  reasons,  therefore,  one 
would  have  thought  it  was  desirable  to  re- 
strict the  importation  of  arms.  Why  was  the 
restriction  removed  on  August  5th,  1914,  the 
day  after  the  declaration  of  war? 

Mr.  Birrell — 1  have  a  note  about  it.  I  will 
put  that  in.     I  have  a  recollection  about  it. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — I  take  it  the  resolu- 
tion to  revoke  the  Arms  Act  had  been  arrived 
ab  before  war  was  declared?  Yes.  It  was 
found  that  the  proclamations  could  not  be 
maintained,  and  in  order  to  avoid  scandal 
thev  were  revoked. 

THE    SINN     FEIN     MILITARY    MOVEMENT. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers— Can  you  tell  us, 
Mr.  Birrell,  what  turned  this  Sinn  Fein 
literary  movement  into  a  military  movement? 
It  was  the  war  and  the  excitement. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — I  think  you  had 
a  certain  number  of  prosecutions  for  anti- 
recr.mting  and  seditious  meetings,  Lut  you 
could  not  get  any  convictions  from  the  juries? 
That  is  so. 

It  was  not  merely  a  case  of  juries  disagree- 
ing, but  of  acquittal?     Yes. 

Do  you  put  that  down  to  fear  or  to  favour? 
I  put  it  down  to  hatred  of  any  case  in  Ire- 
land in  which  the  Attorney-General  appears 
prosecuting  for  the  Crown.  It  is  nothing 
treasonable,  or  quasi-treasonable,  or  anything 
of  that  sort.  If  the  Attorney-General  is  there 
or  is  represented  it  is  enough.  If  you  have  a 
jury  you  are  done. 

bit  Mackenzie  Chalmers — You  had  a  thou- 


sand unarmed  men  in  the  Dublin  police,  and 
not  more  than  a  thousand  soldiers.  We  are 
told,  of  course,  it  is  easy  to  be  wise  after  the 
event. 

THE    REBELLION    A    FAILURE    FROM   THE 
BEGINNING. 

Mr.  Birrell — I  do  not  know  that  so  very 
large  a  number  of  soldiers,  unless  employed 
beforehand,  would  have  been  able  to  do  much 
when  these  places  had  been  seized.  I  do  not 
think  it  was  a  question  of  numbers  from  a 
military  point  of  view.  The  thing  was  a 
failure  from  the  beginning,  because  the  sol- 
diers were  there  before  thfc  end  of  the  day 
in  quite  a  sufficient  force  from  the  Curragh 
and  Belfast.  Those  from  Liverpool  did  not 
come  until  next  day.  But  I  do  not  think  an- 
other odd  thousand  soldiers  on  the  spot  at 
the  time,  unless  they  had  been  arranged  be- 
forehand at  the  post  offices  and  places  of  that 
sort  would  have  affected  the  position. 

If  there  had  been  a  little  more  success  in 
Dublin,  do  you  think  many  would  have  joined 
in  the  country?  Was  there  a  large  body  of 
men  sitting  on  the  fence?  I  don't  think  so, 
apart  from  the  German  landing.  If  the  Ger- 
mans had  really  landed  men  and  guns,  1  do 
not  think  anybody  could  say  what  the  effect 
on  the  population  would  have  been.  But  1  do 
no'L  think  the  mere  holding  up  of  Dublin,  even 
for  another  week,  would  have  affected  the  re- 
sult, apart  from  Germany.  They  believed  thai 
England  was  surrounded  by  submarines,  xnd 
that  troops  could  not  come  from  Liverpool, 
because  there  were  submarines  in  the  Channel. 
They  thought  tbt^b  England  was  cut  off,  and 
the    moment    thjy     discovered    that     soldiers 

were  pouring  over ■  (Here  Mr.  Birrell  broke 

off  his   reply   with   a   significant   gesture). 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — As  soon  as  you  had 
the  Defence  of  the  Realm  Act  you  could  have 
forbidden  drilling  in  any  part  of  the  United 
Kingdom,  and  I  cannot  understand  why  it  did 
not  occur  to  anyboy  to'say — "  We  won't  have 
armed  Volunteers  drilling  while  the  war  is 
on."  That  could  have  been  equally  applied  to 
any  part  of  Ireland. 

Mr.  Birrell — Of  course,  that  would  have 
been   a  challenge   to   the    Volunteers. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — Everybody  knew. 
These  people  were  known  to  be  disloyal,  and 
known  to  be  having  sham  fights  and  training 
people  in  the  field,  including  ladies  for  ambul- 
ance work. 

ALMOST     RIDICULOUS. 

Mr.  Birrell — I  quite  agree.  It  seems  almost 
ridiculous.  But,  on  the  other  hand,  the  alter- 
native would  have  been  to  employ  policemen 
to  have  done  it.  You  would  have  attacked 
these  people  and  disarmed  them,  and  whether 
it  was  done  North,  South,  East,  or'  West  it 
would  have  resulted  in   bloodshed. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — Assuming  they  had 
been  forbidden  to  march  out  with  arms  and 
knew  if  they  had  done  it  they  would  have 
been  attacked  by  the  military,  would  they 
have  done  it?     Oh,  yes,  they  would. 

At  any  rate  that  method  of  stopping  the 
drilling  was  considered,  I  surpose?    It  was  all 

tiart  and   parcel  of  a  policy.       Jt   may   have 
ieen  right,  or  it  may  nave  tsen  wrong,  that 


ISO 


we  could   not  advisedly  or  properly  or  safely 

froceed    by    soldier*    to    disarm    these    force?, 
t  was  the  same  thing  that  prevented  us  from 
acting  in  Ulster. 

THE    CASE    OF    ULSTER. 

The  Chairman— Was  the  policy  of  non- 
intervention a  Cabinet  or  an  Irish  Government 
decision  ? 

Mr.  Birrell — I  won't  say  with  regard  to 
that.  Ulster  in  the  earlier  days  before  the 
war  undoubtedly  was  a  Cabinet  decision,  in 
which  I  am  bound  to  say  I  entirely  concurred. 

The  Chairman — If  you  had  not  concurred  I 
suppose  you  would  not  have  remained  Chief 
Secretary?    I  would  not. 

But  it  was  not  a  Cabinet  decision  about  the 
Sinn  Feintrst      No,   not  a   Cabinet  decision. 

LORD  KITCHENER  CORRECTS  MR. 
BIRRELL. 

The  third  sitting  of  the  Commission  took  place 
on  Monday,  22nd  May,  at  trie  Royal  Commis- 
sions House,  Westminster.  The  Chairm  in, 
on  the  resumption  of  the  Inquiry,  said — Since 
we  met  on  Friday  i  have  received  the  follow- 
ing letter  from  General  Macready,  Adiutant- 
General   of   the   Forces  : — 

"  Dear  Lord  Hardinge,— In  view  of  the 
statement  made  by  Mr.  Birrell  before  your 
Commission  yesterday  in  regard  to  the  supply 
of  more  soldiers  for  Dublin,  inferentially  to 
guard  against  any  outbreak,  Lord  Kitchener 
has  asked  me  to  write  to  you  and  put  the 
facts  of  the  case  as  they  appeared  to  affect 
the  War  Office  at  the  time.  Mr.  Birrell, 
together  with  Lord  Wimborne  and  others, 
came  over  from  Ireland,  and  had  a  confer- 
ence at  the  War  Office  on  March  20th,  purely 
in  relation  to  the  state  of  recruiting  in  ire- 
land.  Various  proposals  were  made  at  the 
time,  among  them  a  proposal  that  troops 
should  be  sent  from  England  to  Ireland,  to  be 
quartered  in  various  localities  other  than  Dub- 
lin, for  the  sole  purpose  of  encouraging  re- 
cruiting. It  was  not  considered  that  the  pre- 
sence of  these  t'oops  would  have  an  effect  on 
recruiting  in  Ireland  commensurate  with  the 
delay  that  would  take  place  in  training  the 
men  and  the  unpopularity  of  the  movement. 
1  attach  some  correspondence  that  had  taken 
place   on  the   subject. 

"  Mr.  Birrel  afterwards  saw  Lord  French, 
and,  so  fj<r  as  we  are  aware,  no  question  ever 
arose  of  sending  troops  for  the  purpose  of  over- 
awing Sinn  Feinets.  Some  time  before  this 
General  Friend  had  written  to  me  indicating 
thai  there  might  be  trouble  in  the  South  of 
[teland,  and,  if  so,  he  might  require  the 
as.  istaiice  of  some  extra  troops,  and  arrange- 
mints  were  made  with  Lord  French  to  have 
h  reserve  brigade  ear-ma rked  to  be  sent  at 
orce,  if  called  for  by  the  Irish  authorities. 
This  in  what  I  referred  to  in  rcw  letter  to 
General  Friend  of  the  3rd  April.  So  far  .'..;  1 
.iiii  aware,  Mr.  Birrell'n  visit  on  the  20th  to 
23rd  March  had  no  connection  whatever  with 
Lh?  sending  of  troops  to  Ireland  for  the  pur- 
pose 'if  qii(llur_'  and  anticipating  any  rebellion, 
although,  of  course,  had  troops'  been  sent  for 
teciUlting     purpose*    they     would    hav#    heou 


available  in  case  of  emergency.  If  there  is 
any  other  information  that  I  can  give  from 
the  War  Office  point  of  view,  I  shall  be  most 
happy  to  do  so." 

MR.    BIRRELLS   EXPLANATION. 

Mr.  Birrell,  who  was  present,  at  once  re- 
plied to  this  letter.  He  said  he  would  like  to 
say  that  when  he  gave  evidence  he  had  in  his 
mind  three  sets  of  interviews.  One  was  with 
the  War  Office,  referred  to  in  General 
Macready's  letter,  on  20th  Ma  oh,  and  at  the 
Horse  Guards  with  Lord  French,  and  many 
other  interviews  at  different  times  in  Ireland' 
with  General  Friend.  Aiy  recollection,  he 
went  on,  is  that  at  all  the^e  interviews,  not- 
ably at  those  with  Lord  Frenen  and  General 
Friend,  I  made  the  point  I  was  always  mak- 
ing— that  it  was  a  most  desirable  thing  to  let 
the  people  of  Dublin  see  our  troops  marching 
about  the  streets,  and  so  on.  I  quite  agree 
that  so  far  as  the  interview  at  the  War  Office 
on  the  20th  March  is  concerned  the  object  was 
to  promote  recruiting.  It  was  thought  desir- 
able, in  order  to  make  recruiting  more  popu- 
lar in  Ireland,  that  there  should  be  more 
soldiers  there.  Mr.  Birrell,  continuing,  said 
that  stress  was  laid  on  the  fact  that  there 
were  really  fewer  soldiers,  because  there  were 
some  whose  places  in  the  battalion  were  taken 
by  wounded  soldiers,  which  was  not  animat- 
ing. He  thought,  therefore,  that  more  troops 
might  be  sent  for  the  purpose  of  obtaining 
recruits.  Inferentially  that  would  have  served 
his  other  object,  because  it  would  have  en- 
abled them  to  have  more  soldiers  in  Ireland, 
and  prenumably  they  would  have  made  more 
show  in  the  streets.  He  agreed,  however, 
that  that  was  only  a  by-point  at  the  inter- 
view, but  he  made  the  other  point  so  fre- 
quently that  he  was  "surprised  "  if  he  let  the 
opportunity  pass  without  laying  stress  on  it. 
In  regard  to  Lord  French,  he  undoubtedly  did 
make  the  point.  Wbfle  the  Commission  were 
in  Ireland  they  would,  perhaps,  see  General 
Friend,  and  ask  him  what  he  (Mr.  Birrell) 
said  to  him. 

VISCOUNT       MIDLETONS       WARNINGS. 

Viscount  Midleton,  P.C.,  was  then  called.  ~Je 
said  he  was  acting  as  the  mouthpiece  for  an  in- 
fluential section  of  Irishmen  in  Dublin  and 
the  south.  He  gave  evidence  as  to  drawing 
the  attention  of  the  members  of  the  Irish  Go- 
vernment to  seditious  publications  in  Ire- 
lands  in  November,  1914,  and  periodically  he 
brought  under  the  notice  of  Lord  Wimborne, 
Mr.  Birrell,  Sir  Matthew  Nathan,  General 
triend,  an  J  others  what  he  considered  proof 
of  the  growth  of  the  Sinn  Fein  movement, 
and  evidence  upon  wl-lcli  he  urged  they 
should  take  action.  On  one  occasion  after  try- 
ing to  impress  Mr.  Birrell  with  the  seriousness 
of  the  position,  he  was  met  with  this  state- 
ment of  the  Chief  Secretary — "I  laugh  at  the 
whole    thing." 

Witness  said  he  saw  certain  leaders  of 
Irish  opinion  in  Great  Britain,  and  agreed 
with  them  that  a  committee  should  be  asked 
to  assemble  in  Dublin  and  send  a  report  as 
quickly  as  possible  as  to  the  state  of  Ireland. 

tie    subsequently    attended    a    meeting    on 


161 


February  28th,  at  Queen  Anne's  Gate,  and 
was  asked  to  bring  Lord  Barrymore,  Piesi- 
dent  of  the  Irish  Unionist  Alliance,  with  him. 
Matters  which  had  been  discussed  before  were 
brought  up  at  this  meeting,  and  Sir  Matthew 
Nathan  pressed  upon  him  that  since  their 
previous  interview  the  movement  in  Ireland 
had  been  developing  more  seriously.  He 
mentioned  to  witness  the  name  of  the  chief  con- 
spirators, who  were  known  to  the  Govern- 
ment, and  especially  showed  him  an  article 
which  Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffington  had  written 
in  the  January  number  of  The  Century. 

GENERAL    FRIEND    AND    THE    RINGLEADERS. 

General  Friend  showed  at  this  time  that 
he  was  most  anxious  to  deal  with  some  of 
the  ringleaders,  but  witness  gathered  that 
General  Friend,  although  he  did  not  say  so 
in  so  many  words,  was  unable  to  move  in  the 
matter  further,  owing  to  the  general  attitude 
of  the  Government  towards  Ireland,  which  it 
was  impossible  to  alter.  Later  in  the  same 
week,  Lord  Midleton  continued,  he  had  an 
interview  with  some  Irish  gentlemen  who  had 
the  report  made  by  the  Dublin  Committee, 
which  had  been  sitting.  He  sent  this  in  sub- 
stance to  Mr.   Birrell. 

THE     DUBLIN     COMMITTEE'S    REPORT. 

The  report  of  the  Dublin  Com- 
mittee was  read  by  the  clerk,  and 
set  forth  details  as  to  the  origin  of  the  Sinn 
Fein  movement  and  its  development  up  to 
the  time  of  the  rising.  Advantage  was  taken 
of  the  recruiting  campaign  of  Mr.  Redmond 
to  develop  the  anti-British  feeling,  and  this 
feeling  was  indicated  by  the  breakdown  of  cer- 
tain criminal  prosecutions,  and  the  freedom  with 
which  seditious  journals  were  published  and 
arms  and  explosives  were  accumulated  by  the 
rebels  through  funds  supplied  from  German 
and  lush-American  sources. 

The    Committee    recommended  : — 

(1.)  That  Lord  Parmoor's  clause  should  be 
suspended  by  proclamation,  so  that  charges 
tinder  the  Defence  of  the  Realm  Act  might 
be  dealt  with  by  the  military. 

(2.)  That  immediate  action  be  taken  against 
the  printers  of  journals  against  recruiting, 
and   the  suppression  of  their  plant. 

(3.)  The  suppression  of  the  Irish  Volun- 
teers with  the  confiscation  of  their  arms  and 
explosives. 

SIP.  MATTHEW   NATHAN   AND  THE  SINN    FEIN 
MANIFESTO. 

On  April  14th  he  went  to  Ireland,  and  had 
a  further  interview  at  Dublin  Castle 
■with  Sir  Matthew  Nathan,  who  spoke  strongly 
of  the  advice  given  by  Mr.  Dillon  and  Mr. 
Redmond,  and  "  I  protested',"  said  Lord 
Midleton,  "against  the  Government  in  any 
way  putting  their  responsibility  on  the 
shoulders  of  Mr.   Dillon  and  Mr.  Redmond. "- 

Witness  said  that  in  his  interview  with  Sir 
Matthew  N  athan  he  put  to  him  this  point : 
The  Irishman  is  the  worst  man  in  the  world 
to  run  away  from,  and  in  all  possibility  the 
inaction  in  dealing  with  the  conspiracy  has 
had  the  result  that  even  Mr.  Redmond  is 
in  danger  of  his  life.  Sir  Matthew  seemed  to 
think  that  any  activity  in  that  direction  would 


be  rather  against  some  of  the  officials.  B« 
was  quite  alive  to  the  fact  that  he  was  deal- 
ing with  desperate  men.  Witness  added  that 
he  did  not  go  to  see  General  friend  on  April 
14,  as  he  felt  that  he  was  powerless  to  make 
any  move,  but  he  had  a  private  conversation 
with  him   before  the  outbreak. 

LORD    WIMBORNE'S    REVELATIONS. 
INFORMATION    WITHHELD   FROM    HIM. 

Lord  Wimborne,  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Ire- 
land, gave  evidence  after  luncheon.  In  the 
course  of  a  lengthy  statement,  he  made  a  few 
preliminary  remarks  on  the  position  of  the 
Lord  Lieutenant  and  the  Irish  Government, 
both  in  general  and  in  particular.  Although 
the  Viceroy  was  nominally  responsible  and  the 
prerogative  of  mercy  still  devolved  upon  him, 
yet,  since  the  Chief  Secretary  for  Ireland  had 
been  in  the  Cabinet  these  powers  had  fallen 
upon  the  Chief  Secretary.  The  doctrine  of 
the  Lord  Lieutenant's  total  irresponsibility 
was  held  by  the  late  Chief  Secretary.  Very 
soon  after  assuming  office  he  had  reason  to 
complain  of  this  state  of  affairs,  and  ask  for 
a  clear  definition  of  his  position.  He  pointed 
out  that  he  had  to  rely  upon  the  Press  for  his 
information  of  current  events,  and  it  was  not 
till  March  17,  1916,  that  he  was  furnished 
with  daily  police  reports.  These  were  sup- 
plied for  his  information,  and  not  with  the 
view  of  obtaining  his  opinion.  At  this  point 
Lord  Wimborne  said  that  Sir  Matthew  Nathan 
was  perfectly  frank,  and,  in  view  of  the  fact 
that  he  differed  from  him  in  regard  to  their 
relative  positions  and  on  matters  of  policy,  he 
was  never  in  any  sense  of  the  Avord  disloyal, 
and  he  always  had  the  greatest  admiration  for 
his  wliole-hearted  devotion  to  the  public  ser- 
vice. 

Lord  Wimborne  next  referred  to  a  tour  he 
made  through  Ireland  soon  after  his  appoint- 
ment, when  he  received  the  impression  of 
loyalty  everywhere.  The  Sinn  Fein  move- 
ment was  belittled,  derided.  He  fixed  the  in- 
troduction of  Compulsion  in  England  as  the 
time  at  which  their  numbers  began  to  in- 
crease steadily  and  their  confidence  developed. 
THE    CHARGE    AGAINST    THE    GOVERNMENT. 

The  charge  which  he  understood  would  be 
brought  against  the  Government  would  be 
one  of  supine  blindness  and  irresolution  in 
dealing  with  the  seditious  propaganda.  Re- 
garding the  military  precautions,  he  stated 
that  he  had  several  conversations  with  General 
Friend,  and  questioned  him  as  to  his  plans  in 
case  of  trouble,  but  he  was  thinking  more  of 
raids  than  internal  disturbance.  Ever  since 
the  departure  of  the  Irish  Division  to  the 
front  last  summer  he  (Lord  Wimborne)  had 
been  of  opinion  that  the  Irish  garrison  was 
inadequate.  He  mentioned  a  conference 
he  had  at  the  War  Office  with  Lord  Kitchener 
on  December  13th,  1915,  when  he  pressed  for 
reinforcements,  and  strongly  opposed  the  sug- 
gestion that  artillery  should  be  withdrawn. 

The  President — Was  it  all  withdrawn?  No. 
At  that  time  artillery  was  very  badly  needed 
at  the  front,  and  Lord  Kitchener  was  sur- 
prised to  hear  that  we  had  some  16  poundera 
in  Ireland,, 


162 


APPLICATION    FOR    A    DIVISION    OF  TROOPS. 

Lord  Wimborne  continued,  that  on  March 
23rd  he  pressed  for  a  division  of  troops  to  be 
sent  to  Ireland. 

The  Chairman — That  was  not  to  encourage 
recruiting  ? 

Witness — That  was  one  object,  but  so  long 
as  troops  were  obtained  1  did  not  care  about 
the  plea  on  which  they  were  obtained.  The 
reply  of  the  War  Office  was,  that  if  troops 
were  sent  it  would  involve  a  delay  of  a  whole 
fortnight  in  sending  troops  to  the  front.  He 
replied  that  it  was  most  important  that  troops 
should  be  sent  to  Ireland.  He  feared  internal 
disorder. 

The  Chairman— That  was  on  March  23rd  ; 
but  did  you  mention  then  your  fear  of  internal 
disorder  as  the  reason  for  the  troops  being 
sent?  No;  but  a  week  later  I  urged  the  de- 
sirability of  troops  on  that  ground.  On  March 
23rd  Mr.  Birrell  had  a  private  conversation 
with  Lord  French  before  the  conference.  Mr. 
Birrell  always  advocated  the  presence  of  more 
troops  in  Dublin.  Several  times  in  my  year 
of  otfice  he  expressed  his  anxiety  for  a  display 
of  power  in  the  capital. 

FEAR     OF     INTERNAL    DISORDER. 

In  connection  with  the  fear  of  internal  dis- 
order, he  (witness)  wrote  to  Sir  Matthew 
Nathan  on  April  4th,  informing  him  that  he 
was  going  to  press  for  a  division  of  troops  on 
the  ground  that  this  division  would  be  a 
powerful  deterrent.  Up  to  the  end  of  1915 
the  Sinn  Fein  movement  was  practically 
negligible  as  a  force,  but  early  in  the  year 
reports  of  the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary  began 
to  disquiet  him.  These  he  had  only  seen  in 
a  monthly  summary.  They  told  of  movements 
which  gave  him  serious  misgivings.  Of  the 
intelligence  of  the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary  he 
could  not  speak  in  too  high  terms. 

NIGHT    MARCHES    AND    INTIMIDATION. 

At  the  close  of  the  year  the  Sinn  Feiners 
only  numbered  1,800  in  the  provinces  and  800 
in  Dublin  ;  but  later  he  heard  rumours  of 
night  marches  and  intimidation,  of  which  he 
could  get  no  official  information.  He  had  no 
grounds  at  the  beginning  of  March  for  appre- 
hending grave  developments,  but  the  state  of 
affairs  was  unsatisfactory,  especially  in  view 
of  the  ignorance  of  the  movement  and  the 
difficulty  in  obtaining  conviction  by  juries. 
These  facts  convinced  him  that  the  proper 
policy  was  to  intern  or  deport  the  leaders  who 
were  under  suspicion.  In  March  Lord  Midle- 
ton  called  on  him  in  Dublin  and  expressed 
his  uneasiness,  but  had  nothing  tangible  to 
report.  He  undertook  to  support  any  amend- 
ment of  the  Defence  of  the  Realm  Act  which 
might  be  found  necessary.  In  March  Lord 
Wimborne  said  he  had  "had  a  conversation 
with  the  Chief  Secretary  in  London,  mid  ex- 
pressed his  inclination  in  favour  of  interning 
rather  than  deporting  the  suspects  The 
next  day  there  was  a  conference  in  the  House 
of  Godwins,  when  the  Chief  Secretary  was 
present.  He  then  again  advocated  a  policy 
of  it.iernment.  The  reason  for  this  was  that 
two  men  who  nad  been  convicted  had  refused 


to  comply  with  the  order  of  deportation,  and 
had  been  sentenced  in  consequence  to  impri- 
sonment. 

In  answer  to  a  question,  witness  said  that 
there  was  an  obscurity  about  the  order  of 
deportation.  If  the  suspect  left  Ireland  there 
appeared  to  be  no  control  over  him  when  he 
left  the  country.  When  Sir  Edward  Carson 
was  Attorney-General  he  advised  the  Chief 
Secretary  to  exclude  men  from  the  military 
area,  and  that  deportation  was  rather  an  ex- 
treme interpretation  of  the  Act. 

LETTER    TO    THE    UNDERSECRETARY. 

On  March  15th  he  (Lord  Wimborne)  wrote 
to  the  Under-Secretary  informing  him  that  he 
had  had  a  conversation  with  the  Chief  Secre- 
tary on  the  previous  day,  and  he  thought  it 
was  best  to  wait  till  after  St.  Patrick's  Day 
before  proceeding  with  any  internment.  One 
of  the  men  previously  deported  had  reap- 
peared in  the  rebellion,  showing  that  it  was 
not  very  effective.  The  Sinn  Fein  parade  on 
March  *  17th  was  poorly  attended.  Sir 
Matthew  Nathan,  who  reported  an  attendance 
of  4,500,  said  he  considered  that  the  situation 
had  slightly  improved.  This  amelioration  was 
short-lived.  The  seizure  of  the  Press  in- 
creased the  tendency  to  armed  opposition, 
which  was  significant,  and  confirmed  his  con- 
tention as  to  the  requirement  of  troops. 
Armed  resistance  and  the  discharge  of  fire- 
arms at  Portadown  were  further  signs.  There 
was  the  shooting  of  police  at  a  meeting  on 
March  30th.  On  the  whole,  he  thought  they 
had  reason  to  be  satisfied  at  the  result  of  the 
activity  against  the  Sinn  Feiners. 

The  Mansion  House  meeting  was  a  disgrace 
to  the  Lord  Mayor.  The  Beresford  place  meet- 
ing was  a  climb-down  after  it  was  seen  what 
interpretation    was    placed    on   the    speeches. 

IMMEDIATE    ACTION   URGED. 

On  April  17  witness  said  he  was  informed 
that  a  ship,  accompanied  by  two  German 
submarines,  was  expected  to  arrive  on  the 
21st,  and  on  the  following  morning  "the 
situation  was  revolutionised  "  by  i'.ie  arrest  of 
two  men  (Sir  Roger  Casement  being  one)  who 
had  landed  in  a  boat,  and  the  blowing  up 
of  a  ship  supposed  to  be  bearing  arms,  three 
officers,  and  19  crew,  all  Germans,  being  taken 
into  custody.  Then  appeared  the  notice  coun- 
termanding the  Easter  Sunday  parades  of  the 
Irish  Volunteers  in  Dublin.  He  thought  that 
dismay  had  been  caused  in  the  ranks  of  the 
rebels  by  the  failure  of  the  landing  party,  but 
on  the  Saturday  he  urged  immediate  action. 
He  thought  it  quite  likely  that  the  parades 
having  been  countermanded  the  leaders  would 
bj  sitting  in  conclave  on  the  Saturday,  con- 
spiring against  the  authorities.  On  Sunday 
he  heard  of  the  seizure  of  a  large 
quantity  of  gelignite,  which  was  said 
to  have  been  taken  to  Liberty  Hall 
by  the  rebels,  and  he  strongly  urged  that 
the  leaders  should  be  arrested.  He  wrote  his 
view's  to  the  Chief  Secretary,  and  suggested 
that  if  he  agreed  with  them  he  (Mr.  Birrell) 
should  write  and  "ginger  up  Nathan.', 
He  realised  '*  was  no  good  to 
i»tir      up      a      hornet'*      nest       unless    they 


163 


could  capture  the  hornets.  Ho  was 
strongly  in  favour  of  an  earlier  arrest  of  sus- 
pects, but  was  told  that  there  were  legal 
questions  involved.  When  it  was  proposed 
to  raid  Liberty  Hall  the  Under-Secretary 
disagreed  on  the  ground  of  illegality,  and  it 
was  decided  not  to  go  forvard  that  night, 
though  he  (Lord  Wimborne)  pointed  out  that 
the  arrest  of  the  leaders  was  the 
more  important  matter.  He  did  not 
want  them  to  leave  Dublin  and 
spread  the  revolt.  He  eventually  signed  the 
warrant  for  the  arrest  and  other  operations, 
and  took  full  responsibility.  He  wanted  to 
have  at  least  100  arrested  on  .Saturday  night 
or   Sunday. 

"THE    WORST    HAS    HAPPENED." 

On  Easter  Monday  at  10  a.m.  the  Under- 
Secretary  called  with  a  report  that  Bailey, 
who  had  landed  with  Casement,  had  been 
arrested,  that  a  man  named  Monteith  was 
stil!  at  large,  t.iat  a,  rising  had  been  planned 
for  that  day,  and  that  the  Castle  was  to  be 
attacked.  He  urged  the  strengthening  of  the 
Castle  guard,  but  the  Under  Secretary  did 
not  agree.  He  was  of  opinion,  however,  that 
in  view  of  the  disorganisation  of  the  Sinn 
Fein  plans  the  rising  would  not  take  place. 
The  Under-Secretary  also  read  him  a  cipher 
telegram  from  Mr  Birreli  agreeing  to  the 
arrests  being  made. 

"  1  had  completed  s  letter  to  the  Chief 
Secretary,  and  was  in  the  act  of  writing  to 
the  Prime  Minister,"  Lord  Wimborne  con- 
tinued, "  when  at  12.30  we  had  a  telephone 
message  from  the  Chief  Constable  saying  that 
the  Castle  had  been  attacked,  the  Post  Office 
seized,  St.  Stephen's  Green  occupied,  and 
that  the  insurgents  were  marching  on  the 
Viceregal  Lodge.  I  wrote  to  the  Chief  Secre- 
tary saying  : — 

The    worst    has    happened.       .  .  If    only    we 
had   acted    last  night   with   precision   and 
arrested  the  leaders  as  I  wanted  it  might 
have    been     over.  .   .  .  Nathan     still     be- 
sieged  in  the   Castle.     I   hope  he  will   be 
safe Everybody    away    on    holi- 
day. .   .  .   Post      Office      taken,      bridges 
blown    up    ...  If    we    get    through    the 
night    I    nope    we    shall      settle      it      to- 
morrow.     .   .  No   news   from      the     pro- 
vinces.    I    hear    there    will     be    trouble 
there.  .   .  .  We    must     have      troops — at 
least   a   brigade.     I      should      prefer      a 
division.     The   situation    is   very   serious, 
and  we  need  energetic  help. 
The  Chairman  asked  what  powers  the  Lord 
Lieutenant  possessed  over  the  military  move- 
ments.    Could   he  himself   give   orders   which 
the  military  must  obey? 

Lord  Wimborne — I  don't  think  so.  It  is 
a  carious  position.  The  name  of  the  Lord 
Lieutenant  appears  in  the  Army  List  in  the 
Irish  Command,  but  with  no  rank  of  any 
kind  connected  with  it,  and  no  uniform. 

THE     ABSURDITY     OF    THE    LORD 
LIEUTENANT'S    POSITION.       . 

The  Chairman — You  have  pointed  out  the 
effect  on  your  position — the  absurdity  of  the 
Lord  Lieutenant  having  to  rely  on  the  Pres* 


and  the  divergence  between  yourself  and  the 
Under  Secretary.  Did  you' ever  point  this 
out  to  Mr.  Asquith  or  any  influential  person 
in  the  Government? 

Lord  Wimborne— The  Chief  Secretary  was 
cware  of  the  situation. 

The  Chairman — You  never  took  any  steps 
yourself  to  have  it  rectified,  were  it  possible 
to  do  so?  I  am  of  opinion  that  whoever  re- 
presented the  Irish  Government  in  the  Cabi- 
net is  the  head  of  the  Irish  Government  in 
practice.  In  this  case  I  was  the  youngest 
of  the  three  Ministers  in  age,  and  in  tenure 
of  office. 

The  Chairman— You  have  already  stated 
that  in  your  opinion  the  troops  were  insuffi- 
cient, but  did  they  co-operate  with  the  civil 
authorities  thoroug'hly  in  Dublin?  Oh,  yes. 

Although  you  brought  your  own  anxieties 
before  the  Chief  .Secretary,  did  you  bring 
them  before  anyone  else  in  the  Government? 
les. 

"EVERY    ONE    SEEMS   TO    BE    AWAY." 
Lord  Wimborne  went  on  to  say  that  when 
the  trouble  began  General  Friend  was  not  in 
Ireland.   H<>   left  for   England   on  short  leave 
on  the  Thursday. 

The  Chairman — Who  would  have  given  him 
leave? 

Lord  Wimborne — Upon  the  system  in  Ire- 
land everybody  seems  to  b^  away.  There  is 
no  co-ordination.  Lord  Wimborne  added 
that  he  wras  aware  tha*,  Genera] 
Friend  was  on  leave.  He  did  not 
think  it  was  suggested  to  General  Friend 
that  it  was  undesirable  he  should  go.  Wit- 
ness asked  him  to  write  down  the  name  of  his 
subordinates  if  anything  happened,  and  if  all 
his  plans  were  ready  and  in  the  possession 
of  his   subordinates. 

The  Chairman— Does  h  not  seem  extra- 
ordinary that  General  Friend  should  have 
gone  away,  in  view  of  what  happened  two 
days    afterwards  ? 

Lord  Wimborne — I  imagine  there  had  been 
a  good  many  of  these  false  alarms. 

AN     EXTRAORDINARY   CIRCUMSTANCE. 

The  Chairman — I  was  much  struck  by  the 
statement  you  made  just  now  to  the  effect 
that  when  the  Admiralty  obtained  the  infor- 
mation respecting  the  German  ship  accom- 
panied by  two  German  submarines  due  to 
arrive  on  the  21st,  it  was  communicated  to 
the  Admiral  at  Queenstown,  but  not  direct 
to  the  Irish  Government. 

Lord  Wimborne — It  was  not;  so  far  as  I 
know. 

The  Chairman — Is  it  not  a  very  extra- 
ordinary fact  that  the  Admiral  at  Queens- 
town  should  have  communicated  this  infor- 
mation in  conversation  with  General  Stafford, 
and  the  Irish  Government  should  not  have 
received  that  information  at  all  ? 

WHY    THE     RAID     WAS     DELAYED. 

The  Chairman  said  he  did  not  understand 
why,  after  the  conversation  witness  had  on 
Sunday  evening,  when  it  appeared  that  the 
Under  Secretary  was  in  favour  of  raiding 
Liberty  Hall  and  two  other  Sinn  Fein 
arsenal*,  this  did  not  come  off. 


164 


The  witness  replied  that  the  military  did 
not  think  that  there  was  time  to  do  this 
successfully,  as  it  would  take  three  or  four 
hours  to  get  the  guns  up. 

The  Chairman — When  you  urged  that  the 
Castle  guards  should  be  strengthened,  did  the 
Under  Secretary  give  any  reason  for 
demurring  ?     No. 

Surely  that  was  the  most  obvious  measure 
to  take?  Well,  I  think  at  that  time  of  day 
it  did  not  look  much  like  a  revolution.  My 
idea  is — these  things  began  earlier  than  half- 
past  twelve,  and  my  belief  isthe  whole  thing 
was  an  eleventh  hour  decision,  otherwise 
they  would  have  started  sooner. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — You  think  a  re- 
bellion ought  to  begin  immediately  after 
breakfast?      (Laughter.) 

Lord  Wimbcne  added  that  he  thought  the 
fact  that  recent  Lords  Lieutenant  had  not 
been  in  the  Cabinet  led  to  a  loss  of  their 
personal  power  in  Ireland.  It  was  a  question 
whether  the  Lord  Lieutenant  was  the  respon- 
sible Minister  or  not.  Impetus  was  given 
to  the  Sinn  Fein  movement  by  the  fact  that 
the  people  were  afraid  of  compulsion.  Many 
people  did  not  want  to  fight  for  England. 
Of  course,  they  had  obtained  many  Volun- 
teers in  Ireland— 150,000  altogether.  Besides 
the  Sinn  Feiners  who  were  opposed  to  Eng- 
land, many  of  the  farmer  class  were  apathetic. 
In  the  towns  all  over  Ireland  the  Govern- 
ment were  very  successful  in  getting  recruits. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — Had  the  rebels 
any  old  soldiers  among  them  ?  I  do  not 
know. 

It  seems  to  have  been  exceedingly  well 
arranged  ?  Yes,  and  yet  not  well  enough, 
fortunately. 

Lord  Wimborne  added  that  he  believed  the 
greater  number  of  the  Sinn  Feiners  thought 
they  were  out  for  a  route  march,  and  did 
not  know  they  were  out  for  a  rebellion  until 
they  were  ordered  to  seize  houses. 

NOT  SATISFIED   WITH   THE    POLICE    REPORTS. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — Were  you  satisfied 
with  the  police   reports?     I  am   not  satisfied. 

You  think  with  an  efficient  detective  force 
you  ought  to  have  had  rather  more  informa- 
tion than  you  had?  Yes;  but  the  problem 
was  a  difficult  one.  The  secret  was  kept  in 
a  very  few  hands. 

There  had  been  firing  in  Ireland  at  some 
places  in  March,  but  there  were  no  arrests? 
No.  I  wha  very  much  annoyed  about  that. 
It  was  difficult,  but  at  the  same  time  I  think 
the  police  ought  to  have  taken  notice  of  it. 
It  was  a  Sinn  Fein  demonstraticfl  to  protest 
against  our  d  epoftation  order. 

Then  how  came  it  be  held  at  the  Mansion 
House? 

Lord  Wimborne  replied  that  he  understood 
that  the  Lord  Mayor  was  away  at  the  time, 
and   it  w;is  his  deputy  who  was  responsible. 

Mr,  .ftisiice  Shearman — Up  to  the  end  of 
1915  you  did  not  think  the  Sinn  Fein  move- 
ment   wa8    dangerous?       Yes. 

Early  in  1915  you  thought  it  was  getting 
dangerous?  1  thought  it  was  getting  unsatis- 
factory, but  1  did  nut  apprehend  a  rebellion. 


You  saw  the  military  authorities  in  Eng- 
land about  recruiting,  and  at  those  interviews 
you  did  not  say  you  thought  it  was  dan- 
gerous ?     No. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — You  thought  that  the 
danger  was  so  serious  that  you  did  not  stop 
the  route  marches?  It  would  have  been  ex- 
tremely foolish  to  provoke  a  meeting,  and  it 
could  not  have  been  done  without  dealing 
with  all  the  Volunteers.  You  would  have 
wanted  100,000  men  to  enforce  it. 
THE    CAUSE   OF    INACTION. 

The  President — I  suppose  this  general  in- 
action was  largely  due  to  the  policy  of 
non-intervention,  which  was  the  acknowledged 
policy  of  the  Government  at  the  time? 

Lord  Wimborne — No ;  it  was  due  to  the 
difficulty  of  doing  anything  effective  without 
provoking  a  collision,  when,  in  the  first  place, 
we  had  not  the  troops  to  enforce  it,  and, 
secondly,  because  we  were  anxious  to  avoid  a 
collision,  in  view  of  the  major  consideration 
of  the  war. 

SIR  DAVID  HARREL. 

Sir  David  Harrel,  who  ten  years  agu  re- 
tired from  the  Civil  Service  in  Ireland,  where 
he  held  various  appointments,  including  that 
of  Permanent  Under  Secretary  to  the  Lord 
Lieutenant,  made  a  short  statement,  in  which 
he  said  that  as  a  member  of  the  Congested 
Districts  Board  he  had  many  opportunities  of 
understanding  how  feeling  ran  in  Ireland,  and 
he  was  reluctantly  obliged  to  conclude  that 
the  state  of  affairs  for  many  years  had  been 
unsatisfactory.  The  permission  to  carry  arms 
was  attended  with  danger,  and  likely  sooner 
or  later  to  end  in  catastrophe.  The  decision 
some  years  ago  to  stop  the  admission  of  fire- 
arms was  an  improvement,  but  it  was  not 
sufficiently  vigorously  enforced.  The  fact, 
however,  "that  people  carrying  arms  were  ob- 
liged to  obtain  licences  was  a  most  useful 
ordinance,  and  an  advance  in  the  right  direc- 
tion. He  contended  that  the  Irish  generally 
were  a  peaceful,  law  -abiding  people,  but  they 
were   impressionable,   and  easily   led. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — Then  you  hold 
that  a  peaceful  majority  are  leH  astray  by  a 
turbulent  minority?  I  am  afraid  tnat  I  must 
admit  that. 

THE   COMMISSION   IN   DUBLIN. 

The  Commission  appointed  by  the  Govern- 
ment to  inquire  into  the  cause  of  i he  receni 
outbreak  of  rebellion  in  Ireland,  and  the  con- 
duct and  degree  of  responsibility  of  the  mili- 
tary and  the  civil  authorities  in  Ireland  in 
connection  therewith,  which  was  opened  in 
London,  resumed  its  sitting  in  the  Shelbourne 
Hotel,    Dublin,   on   Thursday,   25th   May. 

The  Commission  was  presided  over  by  Lord 
Hardinge,  the  other  Commissioners  being  Mr. 
Justice  Shearman  and  Sir  Mackenzie  Chal- 
mers. 

SIR   NEVILLE    CHAMBERLAIN, 
INSPECTOR  .GENERAL,   R.I.C. 

Sir  Neville  Chamberlain,  Inspector  General 
of  the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary,  who  was 
ths  first  witness,  read  from  a  typewritten 
document.      He  explained  that  the  system  in 


165 


force  in  the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary  to 
obtain  information  regarding  what  went  on  in 
Ireland  has  been  in  existence  for  many  years. 
Every  report  containing  information 
was  furnished  by  witness  to  the  Under  Secre- 
tary for  the  information  of  the  Government. 
He  said  that  the  Peace  Preservation  Act, 
otherwise  known  as  the  Arms  Act,  was  re- 
pealed in  1906,  and  at  that  time 
lie  recorded  a  strong  protest  against 
its  abandonment,  and  suggested 

the  extension  of  the  Pistols  Act  of  1903  to 
Ireland,  as  its  restrictions,  though  small, 
would  be  a  safeguard,  some  safeguard,  against 
the  purchase  of  revolvers  for  improper  pur- 
poses, and  he  pointed  out  that  the  lapse  of 
th«  Peace  Preservation  Act  would  result  in 
the  formation  of  rifle  Jubs  in  many  places.  In 
May,  191-4,  he  divw  the  attention  of  the  Go- 
vernment to  the  undesirable  state  of  things 
that  had  arisen,  which  had,  he  considered, 
imperilled  the  maintenance  of  law  and  order 
in  the  country  by  the  unrestricted  arming  of 
the  Ulster  and  the  National  Volunteer  forces, 
*vhich  had  come  into  existence  owing  to  the 
acute  dispute  over  the  Home  Rule  question. 
He  held  the  view  that  in  Ireland  the  training 
and  drilling  to  the  use  of  arms  of  a  great 
part  of  the  male  population  was  a  new  de- 
parture, which  was  bound  in  the  not  distant 
future  to  profoundly  alter  all  the  existing 
conditions  of  life.  Obedience  to  the  law  hid 
never  been  a  prominent  characteristic  of  the 
people. 

THE    GROWTH    OF    SINN    FEIN. 

The  growth  of  the  Sinn  Fein  movemen'  arose 
out  of  the  various  disloyal  societies  which 
had  existed  in  Ireland  prior  to  1905,  or 
■which  came  into  being  under  various  names, 
since  1905.  He  had  furnished  reports  on 
these  matters.  For  sewne  years  between  1906 
and  1915  the  movement  fluctuated  a  good 
deal,  and  it  seemed  to  have  merely  afforded 
the  usual  clique  of  extremists  a  means  of 
ailing  their  sedition  without  apparently  doing 
much  harm.  Dublin  had  remained  the  centre 
of  the  movement  hitherto,  but  in  1907  it  ex- 
tended to  certain  districts  of  the  country, 
and  ^he  branches  had  increased  from  30  to 
74.  In  1908  evidence  went  to  show  that  the 
bond  between  the  Sinn  Fein  and  the  Irish 
Republican  Brotherhood  had  become  closer, 
and  the  object  of  the  two  bodies  was  prac- 
tically the  same.  It  was  also  evident  that 
vvhe  extreme  section  of  the  Gaelic  Association 
had  endorsed  the  Sinn  F-in  doctrines.  The 
branches  of  the  Sinn  Fein  Association  con- 
tinued to  increase,  and  in  1910  its  activities 
wete  directed  to  the  capture  of  the  pro- 
vinces. This  at  first  resulted  in  little  success, 
but  in  a  few  places  their  numbers  were 
strong  enough  to  make  a  show  of  opposition 
in  connection  with  the  Coronation  of  King 
George. 

COUNTESS    MARKIEV1CZ. 

In  that  year  the  Countess  Markievicz  came 
into  prominence  by  establishing  the  National 
Bov  Scouts,  which  was  really  a  training 
ground  lor  young  rebels  In  1911  interest 
In  the  movement  was  kept  alive  by  means 
of   occasional    violei...    speeches.     The    annual 


Sinn  Fein  Convention  was  held  in  Dublin  in 
October  in  that  year,  and  its  report  went  to 
show  that  its  aims  and  most  important  work 
was  the  formation  of  extremist  committees.  One 
of  the  extremists  at  a  meeting  in  Glasgow 
in  1912  spoke  of  a  riVoT"Jtion  in  Ireland  in 
the  near  future,  which  would  end  in  total 
separation  from  England.  Later  in  that  year 
it  was  ascertained  that  money  was  coming 
from  America  to  the  Sinn  Fein  party  fen- 
revolutionary  purposes,  and  vvob^ionarf 
doctrines  were  being  advocated  at  meetings. 
On  the  question  of  Home  Ruio  tLey  came 
into  antagonism  with  the  Irish  party,  the 
Sinn  Feiners  declaring  they  would  accept  no 
measure  which  "  leaves  a  single  vestige  o? 
British  rule  in  Ireland."  Towards  the  end  of 
1913  the  Ulster  movement  suggested  the 
formation  of  the  National  Volunteers.  The 
leading  Sinn  Feiners  seized  the  opportunity 
of  controlling  it,  and  the  Parliamentary 
party  got  suspicion,"  oi  tut";  and  protests 
were  made  rpamst,  tho  :novcr.:u*A  '  :.ing  con- 
trolled  by   "  Dublin   cranks  and   extremists.". 

The  physical  force  oo^cy  was  looked  upon 
askance  by  the  majority  of  Nationalists,  who 
were  agitating  for  Home  Rule  on  con- 
stitutional lines.  He  referred  to  the  forma- 
tion of  the  Provisional  Committee  of  twenty- 
seven  members  to  organise  the  Volunteer 
movement.  On  this  Committee  were  some 
of  the  men  who  had  since  paid  the  extreme 
penalty  for  their  part  in  the  recent 
rebellion.  Prominent  figures  in  the  earlier 
organisation  were  Sir  Roger  Casement  and 
Colonel  Maurice  Moore,  of  the  Connaught 
Rangers.  On  the  4th  May,  1914,  the  move- 
ment received  the  full  recognition  of  the  Irish 
Parliamentary  Party.  At  the  end  of  July, 
1914,  the  membership  of  the  Volunteers  had 
increased  to  160.000.  A  good  deal  was  done 
to  place  it  on  a  military  basis,  and  its  consti- 
tution was  modelled  somewhat  on  that  of  the 
rival  volunteers  of  the  North.  Mr.  Red- 
mond's declaration  on  the  outbreak  of  the 
war  did  not  find  favour  with  the  extremists 
in  Ireland,  and  Mr.  Redmond's  policy 
was  openly  denounced  by  such  men  as  Bul- 
roer.  Hobson  and  Major  MacBride.  It 
was  evident  from  such  a  state  of  things 
as  then  existed  that  a  split  would  take  place, 
and  in  1914,  as  the  war  broke  out,  the  Sinn 
Ftiners  detached  themselves  from  the  main 
body  of  the  Volunteers.  The  Sinn  Fein  move- 
ment was  then  carried  on  by  the  Irish  Volun- 
teers. In  Sir  Roger  Casement  they  had  an 
agent  for  ca living  out  their  schemes  in  con- 
nection with  Germany.  The  National  Volun- 
teers in  the  meantime  relaxed  their  activity 
in  military  practice,  and  a  consiaerable  nutn- 
1  er  enhsled  in  the  Army.  The  dislova!  section 
embodied  in  the  liish  Volunteers  continued 
its  activity,  and  repoits  were  received  that 
they  were  receiving  arms  through  the  coi.^f- 
trv,  chiefly  from  Dublin.  A  certain  amount 
of  rifles  and  ammunition  was  received  in  Dub- 
Jin  in  September,  1914,  for  the  disloyal  sectH,  n 
of  the    Volunteer*. 

During  19i5  the  instructors  of  the  Sinn 
Fein  Vohif-teers  were  busy  spreading  revo- 
lutionary doctrines,  and  the  military  authot'i- 


166 


ties  ordered  the  deportation  of  ten  of  their 
number  under  the  Defen-.e  of  the  Realm  Act 
Regulations,   but  some  of  them  came  back. 

Witness  further  stated  that  he  realised  that 
this  disloyal  movement  was  highly  dangerous. 
It  wai  financed  by  Irish  extremists  in 
America  and  also  by  Germany,  and  its  pro- 
moters in  this  country  were  men  who  were 
not    usually    in    good    ciicumstances. 

In  reply  to  the  Chairman,  witness  stated 
that  he  agreed  with  the  general  resume  of 
facts  given  by  Sir  Matthew  Nathan  in  London 
before  the  Commission.  It  appeared  to  have 
been  based  largely  on  reports  sent  to  the  Go- 
vernment from  the  R.I.C. 

STRENGTH     OF    THE    R.I.C. 

The  Chairman — Can  you  give  me  the 
strength  of  the  R.I.C.  at  present?  On  24th 
April..  1916,  there  were  165  District  Inspec- 
tors, 235  Head  Constables,  and  9,101  men. 
Ten  years  a"o  the  total  number  of  men  was 
9,479. 

What  is  the  highest  number  of  the  Royal 
Irish  Constabulary  in  the  last  twenty  years? 
The  highest  number  was  in  1883,  which  was 
14,115.  When  I  assumed  command  of  the 
force    in    1900   its   strength   was    10,662. 

Were  you  favourable  to  recruiting 
from  the  R.I.C.  at  the  beginning 
of  the  war?  On  my  suggestion  two  hundred 
men  were  allowed  to  join  the  Irish  Guards. 
No  more  -men  were  allowed  to  join,  except 
about  twelve  officers,  until  June,  1915,  when 
tho  Press  ur^red  the  desirability  of  more 
Royal  Irish  Constabulary  joining.  Witness  dis- 
cussed the  matter  with  the  Under  Secretary 
and  with  the  Chief  Secretary,  and  it  was 
aizre^d  to  let  seventy-two  volunteers  join  the 
Army.  On  29th  September  Mr.  Birrell  wrote 
to  witness  that  Lord  Kitchener  was  very 
anxious  to  secure  more  men  of  the  R.I.C. 
for  the  Irish  Guards,  but  he  (Mr. 
BirrelJ)  said  he  was  alive  to  the  danger  of 
stripping  the  Constabulary  of  their  strength, 
especially  having  regard  to  the  large  numbers 
vi  armed  men  in  Ireland. 

LORD    KITCHENER  5    PROMISE. 

Lord  Kitchener  asked  how  many  men 
he  could  get,  be  undertaking  that 
should        any        grave        emergency  arise 

in  Ireland  he  would  not  leave  them 
(tl.it  was.  the  Irish  Government)  in  the 
bii-r-.  Mr  Bin  ell  told  witness  he  could  pro- 
vide 1000  man.  Witness  said  he  would  do 
everything  he  could  to  obtain  the  1,000 
men,  but  for  variotis  reasons  only  350  men 
werts  enlisted  since  that  (bite.  Altogether  745 
joined,  and,  in  addition,  we  lent  to  the  Army 
fhe  service?  ot  41  trained  drill  instructors. 
\V  t'.-ess  went  on  to  refer  to  speeches  that 
had  been  mad-  at  public  .meetings  advocating 
the  reduction  of  the  police  force,  and  in  par- 
ticular be  quoted  h  speech  made  on  I7eb:uary 
2nd,  L316,  in  Galway,  in  -*diich  Mr.  Redmond 
lemaiked  that  the  polit*  wee  was  twice  too 
laiye. 

Ui-1  yon  not  think  an  undesirable  state  of 
affairs  had  arisen  in  1914  imperilling  the 
miii.tenance  of  law  and  order  by  the  unre- 
«tii't<i  arming  of  the  Ulster,  and  later  of 
ji.e       National,        Volunteer        forces?       In 


In        May,        1914,  I        drew       the       at- 

tention of  the  Government  officially  to 
the  undesirable  state  of  affairs  that  existed.  I 
suggested  that  events  were  moving  rapidly,  and 
that  every  county  would  soon  have  an  armed 
body  outnumbering  the  police,  that,  in  fact, 
the  situation  was  seriously  embarrassing  the 
police.  This  representation  was  made  to  the 
Government  in  May,  1914.  Sir  Neville 
said  that  the  R.I.C.  had  always  had  anxiety  as 
regarded  explosives.  lie  had  suggested  that  all 
persons  unconnected  with  the  forces  of  the 
Crown  should  be  obliged  to  have  a  military 
permit  to  carry  rifle.>  or  revolvers.  That  repre- 
sentation was  made  to  the  Government  in 
January,  1916. 

Why  has  the  requirement  of  a  licence 
for  a  rifle  not  been  enforced?  The  Govern- 
ment would  not  enforce  it. 

Is  there  no  law  in  Ireland  against  drilling 
• — could  it  not  be  dealt  with  under  the  law 
against  illegal  assemblies?  It  could,  but 
really  it  would  he  no  use  here,  because  where 
you  have  magistrates  who  would  give  them 
power  you  cannot  prevent  them  from  drilling. 

But  in  carrying  out  your  duties  were  you 
fully  supported  by  the  Executive  in  what  you 
considered  were  necessary  measures?  The  posi- 
tion is  this,  sir,  that  I  have  made  various  re- 
commendations to  the  Government  on  the  art- 
vice  of  very  experienced  officers  who  advised 
me  in  such  matters,  especially  for  the  main- 
tenance of  law  and  order  in  Ireland,  and  the 
Government  have  not  seen  fit  to  adopt  tnem 
in  many  instances. 

Did  you  consider  that  this  policy  of  non- 
intervention in  practice  tended  to  discourage 
activity  on  the  part  of  the  Constabulary,  and 
inclined  them  to  turn  a  blind  eye  to  what  was 
going  on?  I  think  that  unquestionably  the 
policy  of  non-intervention,  not  only  as  regards 
tiirin  Fein,  but  other  things  that  have  arisen, 
tended  to  discourage  the  officers  and  men  of 
the  force,  but  I  am  confident  that  it  had  no 
effect  on  the  zeal  of  the  men. 

DESTROYING     THE     RAILWAY. 

Was  there  any  destruction  of  the  railway 
line  on  the  morning  of  the  24th  or  night  of 
the  23rd  at  Kildare?     There  was.. 

You  say  that  in  November  there  was  great 
anxiety  to  get  arms  and  ammunition  into 
Dublin.  What  I  want  to  know  is,  what  was 
the  date  of  the  proclamation  which  prohibited 
the  importation  of  arms? 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — Your  view  of  Sinn 
Fein  is  that  it  was  not  dangerous  until  the 
men    were  armed?     Not  actively  dangerous. 

What  was  your  view  as  to  permitting  any 
volunteer  organisation  to  be  armed  or  drilled 
—  what  was  your  view  of  its  results?  With 
the  growth  of  large  bodies  of  trained  men  the 
police   eventually   would    become   powerless. 

You  represented  that  view  in  the  ordinary 
•way  to  the  authorities?  In  a  special  monthly 
report.  Witness  indicated  that  he  would 
furnish  copies  of. his  reports  to  the  Commis- 
Bioners. 

Have  vou  recommended  to  the  Government 
any  piosccut  ion  that  they  have  not  in- 
stituted?   Some  of  our  recommendations  the 


Photo   by]  [Lafayette. 

HIS    EXCELLENCY   LORD   WIMBORNE. 

Lord  Lieutenant  of   Ireland. 


Photo   by]  [Lafayette. 

THE  RIGHT  HON.  AUGUSTINE  BIRRELL,  M.P. 

Late     Chief     Secretary     of     Ireland. 


Photo  by!  [Lafayette. 

SIR     NEVILLE     CHAMBERLAIN,    late     Inspector. 

General    of   the    Royal    Irish    Constabulary. 


Photo  by]  [Lafayette. 

COU.  E,  JQHHSTQNE.   Chief  Commissioner    Dublin 

Metropolitan    Police. 


168 


Government  didn't  carry  out,     probably     on 
the  advice  of  the  law  ofncei's. 

The  witness  here  handed  in  a  file,  which  he 
said  contained  a  volume  of  police  private 
information    on    the    subject. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers  said  he  only  wanted 
to  know  if  where  the  police  thought  there  was 
a  reasonable  case  the  Government  declined 
tc    prosecute. 

The  witness's  answer  was  not  heard. 
In  answer  to  further  questions  by  Sir  Mac- 
kenzie Chalmers,  the  witness  said  that  he 
did  not  know  that  there  was  any  hostility  to 
the  Government  on  the  part  of  the  Gaelic 
Athletic  Association,  except  that  soldiers, 
police,  or  naval  sailors  were  not  allowed  to 
take  part  in  their  sports.  No  one  in  uniform 
would   be    permitted    to    join    them. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — We  have  heard 
that  the  Dublin  Metropolitan  Police  and  the 
Royal  Irish  Constabulary  act  loyally  to- 
gether ?     Yes. 

Don't  you  think  that  two  different  forces 
are  less  effective  than  if  you  had  but  one 
force  ?     I   should  say  that  is  so. 

COLONEL    MOORE'S    POSITION. 
You  mentioned  earner  m  your  evidence  the 
name  of   Colonel   Moore.      What  happened  to 
him  ? 

Witness  was  understood  to  say  he  was  then 
speaking  abcut  the  National  Volunteers,  which 
came  into  existence  on  the  growth  of  the 
Ulster  Volunteers.  He  wished  it  to  be  clearly 
understood  that  he  did  not  cast  any  imputa- 
tion upon  Colonel  Moore.  That  gentleman  was 
associated  with  the  Volunteer  movement  in  it-i 
early  days,  but  when  the  disloyal  element  got 
into  it  he  would  have  nothing  more  to  do  with 
it, 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — You  have  had 
frequent  communications  with  Mr.  Biirell 
when  he  is  here? 

Witness — Yes,   when   he  is  here. 
Sis    Mackenzie   Chalmers — When      was      he 
here  ? 

Witness — He  was  here  in  February. 
The  examination  of  the  Inspector-Genera! 
then  con<  luded.  His  answers  to  questions  dur- 
ing the  latter  portion  of  his  examination  were 
in  many  case1'  cither'  inaudible  or  indistinctly 
heard  at  the  Pre**  table. 
DEPUTY  'INSPECTOR  GENERAL   \V.   A. 

O'CONNEI  I.,    R.I.C. 
Mr.     W.     A      O'Connell,    Deputy    Inspector- 
General,  R.I.C.,  was  next  called,  and  referred 
to  certain  recommendations  he  had  made  as  to 
amendments   in   the   Defence  of   the      Realm 
Regulations.     There  was  a  conference  at  the 
Castle  to  consider  them,  at  which  were  present 
the  Under-Secretary,  General  Friend,  and  the 
Bolifitor-General.       The    only    suggestion    ac- 
tepted  was  one  dealing  with  the  question  of 
explosives,  it  being  the  only  one  discussed.  It 
pas  bis  impression  that  the  other  recommenda- 
■  tions   had    been    discussed   by   the   higher  au- 
thorities and   ruled  out. 
COI.ONEI.    EIHiEWORTH,    JOHNSTONE;, 

CHIEF   COMMISSIONER.   I). MP. 
Colonel    W.    Edgeworth      J<. hi. M<,i;r,    Chief 
Comvti)  sioner,     Dublin     \fetrj6pdtita,n     I 
was      examined.      Ho      described      bit    frac- 


tions and  duties.  In  the  case  of  ordinary 
breaches  ot  the  law  the  police  under  his  con- 
trol acted  without  instructions,  but  in  any  case 
of  a  political  kind  everything  had  to  be  re- 
ferred to  the  Under  Secretary.  In  such  cases 
he  (witness)  was  directly  under  control  of  the 
Chief  Secretary,  or,  in  his  absence,  th*  Under 
Secretary.  Take  the  particular  time  they  had 
passed  through.  Anything  that  would  involve 
the  arrest  of  a  Sinn  Feiner,  or  anything  of 
that  sort,  had  to  be  referred  to  the  Chief 
Secretary's   Department. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — I  am  at  a  loss  to 
understand  the  difference?  I  will  give  you  an 
instance.  Supposing  we  got  information  that 
there  was  stolen  property  in  a  house,  I  can 
get  a  magistrate's  warrant,  but  supposing  ' 
got  information  that  a  Shin  Feiner  had  arms 
and  explosives  in  his  possession  I  go  to  t  > 
Chief  Secretary. 

If  you  think  it  is  a  crime  why  cannot  you 
act  on  your  own  initiative?  These  are  my 
instructions. 

The  system  is  that  in  political  matters  you 
ask  for  the  Castle  to  help  you?  I  ask  for  in- 
structions as  to  what  action,  if  any,  is  to  be 
taken. 

It  was  stated  by  Sir  Matthew  Nathan  in 
his  evidence  in  London  that  there  had  been 
a  mimic  attack  on  Dublin  Castle.  "  No  such 
thing  took  place,"  said  the  witness;  "it  is 
a  fairy  tale.  On  the  night  of  the  16th  Oc- 
tober a  large  portion  of  the  Sinn  Fein 
Army  marched  by  Ship  street,  close  to  the 
Castle,  but  these  manoeuvres  took  place  be- 
tween the  Castle  and  Stephen's  Green.  There 
never  was  a  mimic  attack  of  any  kind  on 
the  Castle,  nor  did  the  Castle  form  any  por- 
tion  of    these   manoeuvres. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman  read  a  report  of 
Superintendent  Dunne  which  contained  the 
following: — "It  is  a  serious  state  of  affairs 
to  have  the  peace  of  the  city  endangered  by 
a  gang  of  roughs  with  rifles  and  bayonets 
at  large  at  that  time  of  night,  with  a  female 
like    the    Countess    Markievicz    in      charge." 

Witness  said  they  (the  Citizen  Army)  went 
in  two  parties,  as  if  they  weie  surrounding 
somewhere.  The  other  party  was  manoeuvring 
in   Stephen's  Green..  ..  i 

NO  ATTEMPT  TO  SEARCH  LI  3ERTY  HALL..! 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman  —  As  to  the  subject, of. 
explosives,  was  there  any  attempt  to  search 
Liberty    Hall    for    explosives? 

Witness — That  was  another  account  that 
got  into  the  papers  that  was  not  correctly 
stated.  ,  There  was  no  atternpt  to  .search,  it.; 
The  police  seized  the  printing  press  of  th9 
Gael,  and  they  searched  a  newspaper  shop  for , 
copies  of  the  publication.     They  went  intp  a'. 

?aper,  sh,op  which  apparently  belonged  to  ,th© 
ransport  Workers'  Union,  and  there  they 
discovered  that ,  this  shop  led  ,  by.  a,  back 
passage  intp  Liberty  Hall, where  the  police  met 

i  the  members  of  the  Liberty  Hall  organ isation.r 
They  aske.d  fori  the  production  of  the  i  warrant, 

,  and  the  police  telephpned  to  him.  Hetold  a 
superintendent/,  that;  he  had  better  go  dpwm 
and  take  the  warrant  with  him,  and,  the  police 
were  not; interfered  with  in  searching  the  shop., 
There  was  no  warrant  to  search  Liberty  HaU^ 


169 


nor  was  there  any  intention  of  so  doing.     The 
statement    in    the    newspapers    that      such      a 
seaich  had  taken  place  was  not  correct. 
VOLUNTEER    RIFLES    STOLEN. 

Asked  by  the  Chairman  as  to  the  importa- 
tion of  arms,  witness  said  that  in  1915  there 
were  a  number  of  rifles — 100  rifles — con- 
signed to  the  National  Volunteers,  which  came 
in  openly  with  the  permission  of  the  Govern- 
ment, but  they  were  stolen  from  the  railway 
company,  without  doubt  with  the  connivance 
of  someone  in  the  employment  of  the  company. 
Thp  rifles  were  taken  away  at  about  two 
o'clock  in  the  morning  of  14th  August,  1915, 
and  apparently  removed  in  a  motor  car.  These 
particular  rifles  stolen  v\ere  consigned  to  Mr. 
John  Redmond  by  name  at  a  hall  in  Rutland 
square.  The  seizures  of  arms  in  the  port  of 
Lublin  totalled  500  rifles  and  guns,  six  re- 
volvers, 207,000  rounds  of  ammunition,  and 
765  bayonets.  A  certain  number  of  these 
were  delivered.  The  figures  did  not  cover 
one  seizure,   but  were  for  the  whole  time. 

Witness  said  he  had  always  advocated  t'e 
suppression  of  seditious  newspapers.  Asked 
by  the  Chairman  as  to  the  steps 
taken  for  dealing  with  alien  enemies,  witness 
explained  that  he  pointed  out  that 
these  aliens  were  in  possession  of  a  number  of 
sites  overlooking  Kingstown,  Monkstown,  and 
other  pla.ces.  They  were  interned.  They  were 
generally  men  of  good  character,  and  there 
was  nothing  against  them,  but  they  were 
mostly  of  military  age.  He  did  not  connect 
them  with  the  Sinn  Fein  movement.  "My 
other  recommendations,"  continued  the  wit- 
ness, "were  those  dealing  with  the  Sinn 
Fein  party  and  the  Citizen  Army.  1  always 
held  one  view  about  them— that  they  were 
dangerous  organisations.  My  view  was  that 
the  only  wav  to  stamp  them  out  was  to  ar- 
rest the  leaders,  and  intern  them  in  England 
during  the  war,  and  disarm  the  rank  and  file." 
PLAN    FOR    DEALING    WITH    THE   LEADERS. 

The  Chairman — Did  you  recommend  that 
at  the  conferences?  1  was  not  present  at  the 
first  conference,  but  1  was  present  at  the  Vice- 
regal Lodge  on  23rd  April,  when  a  conference 
was  called  for  the  purpose  of  deciding  whether 
the  explosives  traced  to  Liberty  Hall  should 
be  raided  at  once.  That  was  on  Sunday  at  10 
o'clock.  In  the  absence  of  Major-General 
Friend  the  officer  acting  in  his  stead  stated 
that  they  wanted  more  time  to  have  proper 
preparations.  I  agreed  with  him,  but  I 
stated  that  by  searches  we  were  only  nibbling 
at  the  thing  He  agreed  to  it,  the  Under 
Secretary  agreed,  and  it  was  the  unanimous 
opinion  of  the  members  of  the  conference  that 
my  plan  should  be  put  into  execution.  My 
plan  was  that  the  police,  assisted  by  the  mili- 
tary if  necessary,  should  simultaneously  ar- 
rest all  leaders,  some  20  to  30,  in  their  homes 
in  Dublin  about  two  o'clock  in  the  morning, 
send  them  immediately  across  Channel,  and 
intern  them  on  the  other  side.  Meanwhile 
their  strongholds  in  Dublin  should  be  occu- 
pied by  strong  pickets,  so  that  the  rank  and 
file,  hearing  ofthe  arrest  of  the  leaders,  would 
not  be  able  to  mobilise  and  arm.  I  considered 
that  after  that  a  house  to  house  search  should 


be  carried  out,  and  all  known  Sinn  Feintra 
should  be  disarmed,  and  all  drlling  and 
marching  and  arming,  except  with  Govern- 
ment permission,  should  be  stopped. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — Before  anything  was 
done  you  would  have  to  have  the  sanction  of 
the  Chief  Secretary  ?     Yes. 

Did  the  military  authority  say  that  he  had 
not  enough  men  ?  I  think  co,  and  I  don't 
think  he  had.  I  would  not  be  in  favoui  of 
doing  it  myself  that  night.  It  would  have 
taken  a  few  days'  preparations.  Mr.  Birrell 
was  rather  favourably  inclined  to  the  plan, 
and  I  think  it  would  have  been  cai'ried  out. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers— What  stopped  it! 
I  don't  know.  He  left  next  day,  and  we  never 
got  any  further.  That  was  at  the  interview 
on  February  9th. 

STOLEN    DYNAMITE. 

Witness  in  the  course  of  further  evidence 
explained  that  the  conference  a.t  tha  Viceregal 
Lodge  was  called  in  reference  to  dynamite 
stolen  at  Brittas  by  rebels  on  Easter  Sunday, 
which  the  police  located  at  Liberty  Hall,  'lhe 
course  which  he  recommended  to  be  adopted 
was  recommended  to  the  Under  Secretary  on 
March  7th,  in  addition  to  the  recommendation 
in  February.  As  regards  'he  arrest  of  the 
Sinn  Ffin  organisers,  witness  stated  that  he 
was  not  in  favour  of  it,  as  it  was  only  stirring 
them  up  and  they  were  paid  organisers.  Fouc 
night  manoeuvres  were  held,  and  there  was  a 
series  of  recruiting  meetings  arranged  like 
Armv  meetings.  They  got  a  gieat  deal  of 
recruits,  probably  between  300  and  400. 

The  witness  handed  in  a  report  which  was 
made  to  him  by  an  officer  of  the  "  G  " 
Division,  referring  to  the  recruiting  meetings 
held  bv  the  S)nn  Feiner*.  In  that  report  it 
was  stated  that  these  meetings  were  undesirable 
and  that  they  were  causing  annoyance  and 
uneasiness  to  loyal  citizens.  It  was  also 
Btated  that  the  meetings  were  having  an 
adverse  effect  upon  recruiting  for  the  Armv, 
and  that  the  Sinn  Fein  party  were  gaining 
in  numbers  and  equipment.  That  report 
was  dat^d  8th  April,  and  it  was  sent  to  the 
Under  Secretary,  and  must  have  been  seen 
by  the  Chief  Secretary  and  by  the  Lord 
Lieutenant.  The  Lord  Lieutenant  had  male 
a  note  of  the  document,  but  it  did  not  come 
back  to  witness  until  he  sent  for  it  a  day 
or  two  ago.  The  Irish  Volunteers  in  Dublin 
numbered  2,225,  and  they  had  825  rifles,  the 
Citizen  Army  100,  and  they  had  125  rifles; 
the  A.O.H.  (American  Alliance)  140,  and 
they  had  25  rifles.  The  National  Volunteers 
in  Dublin  Bnmbered  4,100,  and  they  had  793 
rifles. 

INFORMATION    FOR    MR.   BIRRELL. 

The  Chairman — Mr.  Birrell  in  his  state- 
ment said  thnt  everybody  seemed  to  have 
known  that  the  outbreak  was  about  to  take 
place,  but  that  he  never  had  any  informs* 
tion  as  regards  what  happened  in  Dublin? 

The  Witness — I  beg  to  assure  you  that  our 
"G"  reports,  with  what  I  consider  full  in- 
formation, and  I  think  fairly  accurate,  were 
submitted. 

Was  there  any  minute  about  not  seizing 
arms?     No,    but   I   was   told    directly,    before 


170 


making  any  search  for  arms  in  any  house,  to 
get  directions  from  the  Under  Secretary. 
When  I  came  here  first  I  had  several  houses 
searched  without  reference  to  the  Under 
Secretary,  but  there  was  a  question  in 
Parliament. 

You  say  you  got  express  directions  nut  to 
search  houses?     Yes. 

And  not  to  stop  armed  processions?  No.  I 
dare  not  interfere  with  any  of  them  on  my 
own  responsibility. 

It  was  clear,  the  witness  said,  in  answer  to 
questions  by  Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers,  that  there 
was  mischief  going  on  for  f„  considerable 
time  in  Liberty  Hall  and  in  the  other  strong- 
holds of  the  rebels  throughout  the  city  He 
did  not  think  much  ammunition  was  kept 
in  Liberty  Hall,  as  he  believed  it  was  pretty 
well  scattered  about.  There  might  have 
been  useful  documents  found  if  the  place  had 
been  raided,  and  perhaps  bombs  were  manu- 
factured there. 
MAJOR  PRICE  ON  LEADERS  AND  FUNDS. 

Major  Ivor  H.  Price,  LL.D.,  a  County  In- 
spector of  the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary,  and  at 
present  holding  an  appointment  as  Intelligence 
Officer  at  the  Irish  Military  Headquarters, 
stated  that  he  acted  as  intermediary  between 
the  militarv  authorities  in  Ireland,  the 
Under  Secretary,  Dublin  Castle,  the  Royal 
Irish  Constabulary,  and  the  Dublin  Metro- 
politan Police.  Between  August  and  No- 
vember, 19 K,  900  rifles  wore  sold  to  the  Irish 
Volunteers  by  an  English  firm  In  many 
places  in  Ireland  it  was  perfectly  hopeless  to 
try  a  man  by  summary  jurisdiction  under 
the  Defence  of  the  Realm  Regula- 
tions. Duiing  the  past  ten  years 
people  had  been  made  magistrates  who 
had  no  local  stranding,  and  were  practically 
of  no  principle.  When  anything  was  done 
by  the  authorities  in  the  way  of  suppressing 
a  paper  it  waj  at  once  deprecated  by  the  Na- 
tionalist Press.  His  information  was  that  the 
Army  lost  E0.0C0  men  as  the  result  of  the 
Sinn,  Fein  propaganda  in  Ireland. 
A   REPORT   ON    IRELAND. 

Witness,  continuing,  said  that  a  fnitmght 
before  the  outbreak  he  had  been  asked  for 
a  report  on  the  state  oi  Ireland,  which 
he  supplied,  and  in  which  he  pointed  out  th;.t 
while  recruiting  wa=  satisfactorily  gojne  on, 
it  was  not  so  amongst  the  farmers  and  shop- 
keeping  classes.  Prejudice  and  the  attitude 
of  the  official  Nationalist  Party  up  to  the 
outbreak  of  the  war,  the  lukewarmness  of  the 
clergy,  and  the  fact  that  the  farmers  and 
shopkeepers  looked  down  on  the  Army  were 
reasons  why  recruiting  amongst  that  class 
■was  not  satisfactory.  As  to  the  Sinn 
Feiners,  the  work  of  organisation  was  very 
lete,  and  they  had  their  members  well 
trained.  They  practised  rifle  shooting  and 
drill,  and  ha!  officers'  training  schools,  etc. 
No  members  would  join  the  Army,  an  1  they 
acted  as  an  anti-recruiting  league  Consider- 
able amounts  of  money  had  come  from 
America,  and  the  Sm/i  Feiners  were  able  to 
pay  tight  organisers  £150  per  annum;  while 
tUy     Uept     up    their      policy      through     the 


medium  of  a  series  of  disloyal  papers.  They 
also  got  control  of  the  Gaelic  League.  They 
procured  rifles,  revolvers,  ammunition,  and 
high  explosives  wherever  they  could  get 
them.  On  one  occasion-  500  bavenets  were 
seized  by  the  police,  and  on  another  occasion 
guns  and  revolvers  were  seized  on  being 
brought  from  Dublin  to  Wexford.  They 
were  working  up  for  rebellion  in  Ireland  if 
they  got  the  chance.  The  Government  were 
aware  of  this  report,  and  witness  had  sent 
five  copies  to  the  War  Office. 

"ONLY  TYPICAL." 
Continuing,  witness  read  an  account  of  the 
rrarade  of  the  Irish  Volunteers  in  College 
Green  on  St.  Patrick's  Day,  and  said  it  was 
a  translation  of  a  letter,  dated  14th  April  last, 
written  in  Irish  from  St.  Mary's  College, 
Rathmines,  Dublin.  He  had  described  that  as 
an  extremely  bad'  letter,  pointing  to  some  out- 
break during  the  summer  of  this  year.  The 
letter  had  been  sent  to  the  thief  Secretary, 
the  Under  Secretary,  and  the  Lord  Lieutenant. 
The  Under  Secretary  wrote,  "  The  outbreak 
m  the  summer  -  look  upon  as  vague  talk." 
Mr.  Birrell  wrote,  "  The  whole  letter  is 
rubbish,"  and  Lord  Wimborne  initialled  it. 
(Laughter.)  '•  Thau  is  only  typical,"  added 
the  witness,  amidst  renewed  laughter. 

Continuing,  witness  said  that  the  document 
read  at  tne  Corporation  meeting  (y  Alderman 
T.   Kelly  had  been  printed  at  Liberty  Hall. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — Have  you  any 
notion  who  invented  that  story  .'  I  am  told 
it  was  the  Countess  Markievicz — at  any  rate 
there  was  a  lot  of  clever  people  there.  The 
O'Rahilly  had  an  income  of  about  £900 
h  year  of  his  own,  and  MacNeill  about  £600. 
1  think  that  monev  was  expended  in  tne 
cause  by  these  men.  There  was  one  firm — 
Messrs.  Lawler — implicated,  and  we  had  to 
seize  the  stock."  In  reference  to  members  of 
the  Irish  Executive.  Major  Price  stated  that 
on  a  matter  of  policy  it  always  struck  him 
that  they  were  guided  by  tne  upinion  of  out- 
siders, members  of  the  Parliamentary  Party, 
and  "  they  went  against  my  opinion  al- 
together." 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman— You  could  see  that 
the  outbreak   was  boiling  up?     Yes. 

Ori  that  particular  day?  No,  not,  until  a 
few  days  before,  until  we  hear."  about  Case- 
ment's landing.  About  five  day.-,  before  I  saw 
a  letter  in  which  it  was  stated  that  the  ship 
was  coming. 

That  was  for  an  outbreak  generally,  not  in 
Dublin  specially?  Yes.  Of  course,  the  heads 
were  in  Dublin.  Witness  further  stated  that 
he  was  present  at  the  conference  at  the  Vice- 
regal Lodge.  The  Lord  Lieutenant  did  not 
realise  things,  and  he  was  rather  hasty.  His 
Excellency  wanted  to  rush  Liberty  Flail  for 
the  purpose  of  getting  back  the  2501bs.  of 
dynamite.  The  proposal  was  that  100  soldiers 
and  100  policemen  should  rush  the  hall.  Those 
who  knew  that  bombs  were  being  made  there, 
at  Kimmage,  and  at  Croydon  Park  knew  that 
the  leaders  would  not  be  there.  Probably  100 
liv  .s  would  have  betn  lost,  and  then  the  Presa 
,  would  com6  down  and  say,  "  Nothing  waa 
gcing  lo  happen;  you  should  not  have  inter- 


171 


fered  with  them  ;  it  is  Bachelor's  Walk  again." 

The  Chairman — Is  it  a  good  military  reason 
not  to  do  a  thing  because  somebody  might  say 
something  afterwards?  No,  of  course  not,  but 
I  knew  that  would  have  been  said.  What 
we  meant  to  do  was  to  surround  the  place  in 
the  morning  with  about  1,000  soldiers,  and' 
take  all  the  leaders  simultaneously. 

Major   Price   further   stated   that   the  order 

of  Mr.  MacNeill  preventing  the  parade  deceived 

everybody.      At  that  time  he  knew   that  the 

••ship  had  gone   down  and  that  Casement  was 

arrested. 

In  reply  to  the  Chairman,  the  witness  said 
that  he  had  not  been  able  to  trace  who  the 
money  came  from  in  America.  It  was  brought 
over  by  hand.  He  had  seen  letters  from 
Denis  A.  Spellessy,  who  was  secretary  to  an 
organisation  in  the  United  States  for  arming 
the  Irish    Volunteers. 

Witness  went  on  to  say  that  the  ammuni- 
tion used  by  the  rebels  in  the  fighting  in 
Dublin  was  of  a  terrible  character.  There 
were  flat  nosed  bullets,  split  bullets,  and 
in  the  Po-t  Office  reverse  bullets  were  found. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — That  is  a  German 
trick  that  has  been  played  in  Flanders  ?  Yes. 
There  were  buckshot,  slugs,  and  bombs  made 
out  of  workmen's  cans.  He  mentioned 
that  there  were  now  at  the  Ordnance  Stores 
365,000  rounds  of  ammunition  captured  from 
the  rebels. 

CAPTAIN  R.  C.  KELLY. 

Captain  R.  C.  Kelly,  Munitions  Depart- 
ment, Dublin,  deposed  to  his  connection 
with  recruiting  in  Ireland.  At  a  conference 
ao  the  War  Office  at  wnirh  Lord  Kitchener, 
Lord  Wimborne,  and  Mr.  Birrell  were  present, 
he  (witness)  at  the  close  of  the  conference 
asked  would  the  increased  Sinn  Fein  activities 
be  again  allowed  to  interfere  with  recruiting. 
He  was  stopped'  by  His  Excellency  and  Mr. 
Birrell  from  proceeding.  'Ine  arrangement 
was  made  to  send  a  large  number  of  troops  to 
Ireland  in  May  of  this  year  to  discourage 
Sinn  Fein  activities,  but  not  to  suppress  '..he 
organisation. 
MR.    NORWAY   AND   THE    POST  OFFICE. 

Mr.  A.  H.  Norway,  Secretary  of  the  'ost 
Office  in  Ireland,  read  a  long  report,  in  the 
course  of  which  he  referred  to  a  rtaterrient 
that  the  Post  Office  in  Dublin  was  a  nest  of 
Sinn  Fciners.  In  March,  1915,  the  Government 
decided  to  issue  a  warning  letter  to  all  mem- 
bers of  the  Irish  Post  Office  staff,  who  wen 
active  members  of  the  Irish  Volunteers.  He 
had  been  supplied  with  the  names  of  48  per- 
sons forward'ed  to  him  by  the  Under  Secre- 
tary, and  to  his  mind  in  the  case  cf  some  of 
these  the  suspicion  was  light  and  indefinite. 
Punishment  was  meted  out  where  punishment 
was  deemed  necessary. 

The  Chairman — Do  you  know  what  was  the 
attitude  of  the  officials  of  the  Post  Office 
when  it  was  attacked?  I  understand  all 
t'nG  officials  of  the  Post  Office  were  turned 
cut,  except  cue  female  telegraphist,  who  re- 
mained behind  to  ctrse  a  wounded  sergeant. 
Upon  this  question  cf  the  loyalty  of  the 
Pest  Office  start— and  I  do  not  wish  to  ex- 
clude  the    possibility    that    there    may    tsve 


been  disloyalty — it  is  well  to  remember  that 
the  conduct  of  the  staff  during  this  crisis  and 
throughout  the  war  has  been  quite  excellent. 
In  the  restoration  of  the  public  service  after 
the  insurrection  they  acted  with  a  zeal  and 
public  spirit  which  seem  to  banish  some  of 
the  reasons  for  thinking  that  there  can  be 
many   disloyal   persons   amongst  them. 

MAJORGENERAL    FRIEND. 

Major-General  the  Right  Hon.  L.  B.  Friend 
was  called  at  the  sitting  of  the  Commission  on 
Friday,  26th  May. 

The  Chairman — Would  you  tell  the 
Commission  how  long  you  have  been 
in  your  present  command?  I  came 
to  Ireland  in  January,  1913,  as  Major- 
General  in  Charge  of  Administration,  and  I 
continued  in  that  office  until  September, 
1914,  when  I  was  told  to  take  over  command 
of  the  troops  in  addition  to  my  other  duties. 
From  then  up  to  April  28th  I  was  doing  both 
duties,  and  on  that  date  Sir  John  Maxwell 
came  and  took  over  command  of  the  troops, 
and  I  reverted  to  General  in  Charge  of  Ad- 
ministration. 

General  Friend  then  read  from  his 
notes.  He  stated  that  during  1913  and 
the  first  part  of  1914  he  saw  and  watched  the 
progress  and  arming  of  various  bodies  of 
Volunteers  in  Ireland.  On  the  outbreak  of 
the  war  these  movements  took  a  new  turn, 
and  the  existing  volunteer  organisations  all 
over  Ireland  came  forward  and  helped  the 
military  authorities  energetically,  and  large 
numbers  joined  the  ranks  of  the  Army. 
About  October,  1914,  a  new  organisation  of 
Volunteers  came  prominently  before  his 
notice.  It  was  opposed  to  recruiting,  and  the 
members  were  obliged,  he  understood,  to  take 
an  obligation  that  they  would  not  enlist  in 
the  Army.  That  organisation,  popularly 
called  the  Sinn  Fein  or  Irish  Volunteers, 
fluctuated  in  its  character  and  numbers,  but 
its  members  gradually  increase,  and  arms 
obtained  in  various  ways  had  increased  until 
the  military  authorities  thought  that  they 
would  be  obliged  to  take  action,  which  con- 
sisted chiefly  of  trial  before  a  magistrate,  de- 
portation of  organisers,  and'  the  suppression 
of  certain  newspapers.  His  anxiety  was 
increased  in  the  beginning  of  this  'ear 
when  the  Sinn  Fein  organisation  Lecame 
bolder  and  more  openly  anti-military  and 
anti-recruiting,  and'  he  thought  that  possibly 
a  collision  might  happen  at  any  moment, 
especially  in  Dublin,  Co:.:,  and  Ilillarney, 
where  there  had  been  demonstrations  against 
recruiting.  In  addition  to  this  anxiety  which 
he  felt,  he  had  seen  various  reports  from  the 
War  Office,  and  from  the  Admiralty  at 
Queenstown.  The  first  warnings  began  in 
December,  1914,  of  a  possible  landing  of 
arms  from  Germany,  America,  and  other 
places,  accompanied1  by  risings  of  disaffected 
persons,  as  well  as  of  the  Irish  Volunteers. 
These  alarms  were  going  on  for  eighteen 
months,  and  the  south  and  west  of  Ireland 
were  mentioned  as  proTable  places  of  these 
landings,  especially  the  Counties  of  Cork, 
Limerick,    Kerry,    Clare,    and      Galway.     Oa 


172 


February  9th  be  attended  a  meeting  at  which 
the  Chief  Secretary  and  the  Under  Secretary 
were  present.  In  consequence  of  that  meeting 
he  wrote  specially  to  the  General  Headquarters 
of  the  Home  Forces,  and  to  the  Adjutant- 
General  at  the  War  Office,  and  correspondence 
ensued  between  himself  and  those  officials,  and 
there  were  certain  interviews. 

GREATER    POWER    NEEDED. 

The  Chairman — Di,d  you  make  any  de- 
mands ?  Yes.  I  told  Headquarters  of  the  Home 
Forces  of  the  interview  1  had  with  Mr.  Birrell 
and  Sir  Matthew  Nathan,  of  the  importance 
I  attached  to  this  bolder  and  more  open  i.nti- 
military  nature  of  the  Minn  Fein  organisation. 
I  thought  that  under  the  Defence  of  the  Reaim 
Act  I  could  not  do  mucn  more  than  1  had  uone 
up  to  date.  I  thought,  that  greater  power 
should  be  given  me  to  take  stronger  action. 

Was  that  approved  by  the  War  Office?  I 
will  show  you  the  correspondence  afterwards 
in  consequence  of  which  Lord  French  saw  Mr. 
Birrell  in  London. 

Witness  then  handed  in  a  number  of  letters 
which  the  Chairman  read,  and  said  that  in  the 
public  interest  their  contents  should  not  be 
disclosed 

Witness,  resuming,  said  that  during  April 
of  this  year  the  military  received  further 
warning  of  possible  landings  of  arms  and 
simultaneous  risings  of  disaffected  persons. 
They  took  some  further  precautions  with  the 
troops  they  had   at  their  disposal   in    Ireland. 

You  consulted  Dublin  Castle,  I  suppose? 
No;  not  in  regard  to  the  movement  of  troops. 

The  Chairman— Did  you  consider  the  forces 
you  had  at  your  disposal  sufficient  to  meet  the 
possibility  of  a  rising  or  internal  trouble? 
f  had  to  balance  between  the  re- 
quirements in  England,  knowing  they 
were  pretty  much  in  need  of  troops,  anj 
whether  1  should  call  on  them  in  uxtremi 
emergency  for  more  troops,  or  do  the  best 
I  could  with  what  tvoops  1  had.  Up  to  Annl 
I  took  the  responsibility  of  saving  myself  that 
]  had  sufficient  to  meet  any  emergency,  w'th 
the  condition  that  they  were  ready  at  slioit 
notice  to  send  me  additional  troops  font 
England. 

To  whom  were  you  directly  responsible':  lo 
the   War  Office. 

And  now  to  Lord  French?     Yes. 

DEPARTURE     FOR      ENGLAND. 

On  17th  April  Lord  Wimborne  was  in- 
formed that  a  ship,  accompanied  by  two 
German  submarines,  was  expected  to  arrive 
on  the  21st?  I  think  he  got  the  information 
through  me  from  the  Under  Secretary. 
There  was  no  dale,  I  think.  "Not  later  than 
22nd,"  1  think  that  was  the  way  it  wad 
Stated. 

You  left  on  the  23rd  for  England  ?  On  the 
evening  of  the  21st,   Friday. 

Was  not  that  a  Huh'  risky?  I  may  say 
I  heard  about  the  capture  of  (he  boat  before  I 
started,  and  on  arrival  in  London  on  Satur- 
day morning  1  wcnl  straight  to  Home  Ecrces 
Headquarters. 

[jp    to    tlic    time    V(  ii    left    had    you    heard    cf 

the  sinking   of   the   ship?    I   beard    that   on 


Saturday,  in  London,  at  the  War  Office.  If 
I  had  heard  the  other  news,  I  think  I  should 
have  returned   to   Ireland  immediately. 

The  Chairman — But  you  .  heard  of  Case- 
ment's arrest  ?  1 .  did,  on  Friday  evening. 
I  think  I  should  have  started  in  any  case, 
and   come   back   on   the  "following   day. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman— Did  it  not  occur  to 
you  that  risings  and  riots  might  occur  on  a 
bank  holiday,  when  people  were  at  leisure  ? 
Well,  we  had  St.  Patrick's  Day  and 
Christmas.  I  was  within  touch  with  the 
Irish  headquarters,  and  I  waited,  of  course, 
on  Saturday  to  hear  of  anything  likely  to 
occur.  I  went  back  to  the  War  Office  on 
Monday,  and  heard  this  serious  news,  and  I 
came  back  to  Ireland  at  once. 

When  you  prepared  to  go  on  leave  on  the 
21st  you  had  leave  from  the  War  Office  ? 
From  the  headquarters  of  the  Home  Forces. 

From  Lord  French?  1  mentioned  to  him 
that  I  was  going  over  about  several  things. 

And  I  suppose,  in  a  case  like  that,  you 
always  told  the  Lord  Lieutenant  you  were 
going  away  ?  I  did  in  this  case.  I  remem- 
ber His  Excellency  asking  me  who  would 
act  in  my  absence,  and  I  told  him  that 
General  Lowe  would  act  at  the  Curragh,  and 
Colonel  Cowan,  Adjutant-General  of  the  Irish 
Command,  would  act  in  Dublin. 

On  what  date  did  you  suggest  Liberty  Hall 
should   be  opened  up?     I  have  several   dates 
on    which    1    suggested    it — when      they    were 
getting  bolder. 
CONSULTING     THE      NATIONALIST     LEADERS. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman  said  he  had  a  docu- 
ment before  him  on  which  was  endorsed — ■ 
"  Before  acting  we  should  consult  the 
National  leaders." 

General  Friend — "We"  means  Dublin 
Castle. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — You  were  not 
in  touch  with  the  Nationalist  leaders? 
No,  sir  ;  I  saw  them  and  had 
letters  from  time  to  time  from  many 
Irish  members  of  Parliament.  Witness, 
proceeding,  said  that  what  he  wanted  was 
that  the  Irish  Government  should  agree  to  a 
raid  on  Liberty  Hall,  and  those  other  places 
where  there  was  a  store  of  arms.  Up  wanted 
notice  in  order  to  get  a  force  of  troops  lio.i 
England.  His  idea,  was  to  make  one  big 
blow. 

When  did  you  first  suggest  that?  I  think 
it   was   in  October  of   last  year. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — The  negotiations 
never  got  to  the  stage  that  you  applied  to  the 
War  Office  for  extra  troops?     No. 

In  your  various  communications  did  you 
communicate  with  Sir  Matthew  Nathan  or 
with  Mr.  Birrell  direct?  With  Sir  Matthew 
Nathan. 

He  was  the  neck  of  the  bottle — the  com- 
munications went  through  him  to  Mr. 
Birrell  ?     Yes. 

THE    CHIEF    DANGER    SPOT. 

Before  tho  rising  where  did  you  think  the 
chief  danger  centre  was— in  the  South  or  in 
Dublin?  In  the  South  as  regards  this 
Crg4aifl«d   attempt  to  land  arms. 


173 


And  when  you  heard  that  Casement's  in- 
vasion had  failed,  I  suppose  you  thought 
that  probably  would  put  an  end  to  all  risings 
in  Ireland  ?     Yes 

COLONEL  COWAN. 

Colonel   H.    V.    Cowan,    C.V.O.,    C.B.,    the 

next  witness,  said  he  would  like  to  make  it 
clear  what  occurred  at  C  >  Conference  at  the 
Viceregal  Lodge  at  the  interview  on  Sunday, 
23rd  April.  At  8  o'clock  that  evening  Sir 
Matthew  Nathan  called  upon  witness,  and 
told  him  that  His  Excellency  wished  to  see 
him.  He  accompanied  Sir  Matthew  in  a 
motor  car  to  the  Viceregal  Lodge.  On  the 
way  he  told  witness  that  2501bs.  of  gelignite 
had  been  stolen  that  morning  from  a  quarry, 
and'  had  been  brought  to  Liberty  Hall,  ;  nd 
that  His  Excellency  wanted  a  raid  on  the  !  ill. 
His  Excellency  repeated  that  to  witness,  and 
suggested  that  a  raid  should  be  made  in 
order  to  recover  the  gelignite  the  following 
morning,  Monday,  24th  April.  He  was  aware 
that  Liberty  Hall  was  strongly  guarded  and 
that  Volunteers  were  constantly  coming  :md 
going,  and  that  for  some  months  they  had 
Leen  getting  supplies  of  high  explosives  in 
small  quantities.  He  felt,  therefore,  that  the 
raid  on  Liberty  Hall  would  not  be  successfully 
carried  out  without  considerable  fighting,  and 
that  it  was  very  improbable  they  would  suc- 
ceed in  getting"  the  gelignite.  It  was  manu- 
factured in  small  sticks,  and  could  be  easily 
removed  in  pockets  or  haversacks.  One  man 
could  carry  away  21bs.  or  2  bs.  at  a  time,  and 
fts  they  were  continually  coming  and  going, 
witness  thought  there  would  be  very  little  lift 
when  the  raid  would  take  place.  It  would  be 
only  stirring  up  a  hornet's  nest  with  the  lorce 
available. 

A    BAD    DAY   TO    CHOOSE. 

Witness  also  felt  that  Easter  Mon- 
day would'  be  a  peculiarly  bad  day  to  choose, 
but  before  expressing  a  definite  opinion  wit- 
ness told  His  Excellency  h?  should  like  to  see 
the  Chief  Commissioner  of  Police.  An  arrange- 
ment was  made  that  witness  should  return  to 
the  Viceregal  Lodge  at  !"•  o'clock  that  night. 
He  knew  that  General  Friend's  view  was  that 
if.  sur'h  a  raid  was  to  be  made  they  would 
have  ,to  get  reinforcements  from  the  Curragli 
.and  Athlone,  and  the  time  left  between  half- 
past  eight  o'clock,  when  witness  left  the  Lodge,! 
and  dawn  the  following  morning,  which  was 
the  best  time  for  the  operation,  was  too  f'lort 
get  up  these  troops.  Witness  returned  to 
.  Lodge  at  10  p.m.,  accompanied  by  Major 

)wen  Lewis  and  Major  Price;  and'  found  Sir 
;;Xatthew  Nathan  and  Colonel  Johnstone;  al- 
'  tady  there.  The  question  was  discussed,  and 
Jolonel  Johnstone  was  very  much  of  the  same 
opinion  as  witness  that  Easter  Monday  was  a 
bad  day,  as  the  city  would  be  full  of  Volun- 
teers and'  holiday  makers/  that  if  they  raided 
Liberty  Hall  they  should  also  raid  the  rbher 
depots,  and  that  the  leaders  should  be  arrested 
at  the  same  time.,  ;  Several  other  suggestions 
were  '  made,  and  it  .  was  ,  ultimately  decided 
! 'that  .the?  thing  should,  , be  postponed  untij  a 
''later  day.  IJiat  ,  was  (  principally  on  Sir 
Matthew  Nathan's  representation  that  before 


the  leaders  could  be  arrested  authority  would 
have  to  be  obtained  from  the  Government. 
That  is,  Mr.  Birrell. 

So  if  this  outbreak  had  not  taken  place, 
military  action  would'  have  been  taken?  Yes, 
shortly  afterwards. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — Was  there  any 
special  reason  for  making  a  raid  that  time  ?  Only 
for  the  object  of  getting  the  gelignite  that  was 
known  to  have  come  in  on  the  Sunday  morn- 
ing. That  to  my  mind  was  a  small  matter, 
because  we  knew  they  had  got  other  nigh 
explosives  before. 

Were  there  1,000  soldiers  available  in  Dub- 
lin at  that  time?  We  had  more  than  that, 
but  a  good  many  of  them  were  recruits.  The 
total  number  available  in  Dublin  on  the 
Monday  morning  was  120  officers  and  2,265 
men. 

OFFICERS    ON    LEAVE. 

I  see  it  stated  that  a  great  many  officers 
were  away  on  leave?     I  will  refer  to  that. 

"The  absence  of  officers  on  leave  has  been 
commented  on  under  an  entire  misapprehen- 
sion," said  the  witness.  "  Leave  has  been 
most  sparingly  given  since  the  beginning  of 
the  war,  except  in  the  case  of  urgent  private 
business  or  a  medical  certificate.  Cn  the  day 
of  the  outbreak  all  officers  of  the  Headquarters 
Staff  were  on  duty  with  the  exception  of  two 
absent  on  sick  leave  and  one  officer  on  urgent 
private   affairs." 

It  is  currently  reported  in  the  Press  that  a 
large  number  of  officers  were  away  at  the 
races  some   miles  away?     At  Fairy-house. 

Why  was  that?  In  Dublin  there  was  a 
large  number  of  officers  on  leave  from  Eng- 
land and  only  a  few  officers  in  Dublin  were 
given  leave  fot  the  day. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — Were  the  guards 
strengthened  ?     Not  on   Monday   morning. 

There  was  a  suggestion  to  do  so,  but  Sir 
Matthew  Nathan  objected?  1  knew  of  -o 
sulIi  suggestion.  In  Ship  street  there  were 
from  twenty  to  thirty  armed  men  at  hand. 
At  the  outbreak  they  were  brought  into  ''->e 
Castle.  The  guard  of  six  was  overpowered 
and  shut  up. 

Candidly,  you  were  not  expecting  this?  No, 
not  in  the  least.  We  wee  anxious  on  Satur- 
day when  Casement  wa  •.  being  brought  up. 
We  thought  they  would  hear. of  his  arrival 
and  that  there  would  be  trouble  in  an  attempt 
to  release  him.  He  arrived  at  5.33  and  ^e 
was  on  the  boat  before  8  o'clock.  People 
apparently   did  not  know   of  his   arrival. 

Who  held  the  Bank  of  Ireland  against  the 
rebels?    It  never  was  attacked. 

MAJOR    OWEN    LEWIS. 

Major  Owen  Lewis  stated  that  at  the  re- 
quest of  General  Friend  he  had  an  interview 
with  Sir  Matthew  Nathan  about  three  monthg 
before  the  outbreak,  on  the  question  of  the  sup- 
pression of  certain  newspapers,  and  also  about 
the  .  arrest  of  the  leader?.  Sir  Matthew 
Nathan  was  not  in  favour  of  taking  action 
against  the  newspapers. 

THE  ATTORNEY-GENERAt. 
!       The ;Right, Hon.  James  H.  Campbell,  K.C., 
M^P.,    Attorney-General  fpr  Ireland,   was  ex« 
amined  after  the   luncheon   adjournment.. 


174 


The  Chairman — Sine*  your  reappoint- 
ment, can  you  give  us  any  In- 
formation as  to  what  you  have  been 
doing?  I  am  not  here  for  the  purpose  of 
making  any  complaint,  but  simply  to  answer 
questions,  and  let  you  knew  the  facts.  Dur- 
ing the  nine  days  I  was  there  before  the 
rebellion  broke  out  I  received  no  official  com- 
munication of  any  sort,  kind,  or  description 
intimating  the  probability  or  possibility  oF 
<iny  trouble.  I  was  not  present  at  the  con- 
ference which  was  stated  to  have  taken  place 
on  the  part  of  the  Executive  at  the  Viceregal 
Lodge  on  the  Sunday.  I  never  heard  of  it 
until  I  read  of  it  in  the  newspaper  the  other 
day.  I  wish  to  add,  further,  that  I  never 
saw  the  Under  Secretary  during  that  nine 
days,  though  we  were  o  fly  separated  in  the 
Castle  by  a  partition.  I  had  no  interview 
with  the  Lord  Lieutenant  during  that  time, 
and  the  only  official  act  that  I  was  called 
upon  to  do  during  that  period  was  in  con- 
nection with  one  fil)  which  I  have  here.  It 
was  with  refere^.e;  to  the  method  or  pro- 
priety of  deal::'^  vfich  men  who  were 
parading  on  fchi  ►  ••j'Kiij  streets,  carrying  arms  • 
which  were  ad  nrt£3uTv  service  rifles,  and  had 
been  stolen  or  abstracted  in  some  way  from 
the  military   authorities. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — What  date  did  you 
get  that?     On  the  22nd  April. 

SIR    MAURICE    DOCKRELL. 

Sir  Maurice  Dockrell,  D.L.,  explained  the 
operations  of  the  City  and  County  of  Dublin  re- 
cruiting Committee,  and  mentioned  that  re- 
cruiting activity  reached  high  water  mark  in 
April,  May,  and  June  last  year.  It  then  fell 
off  owing  to  the  efforts  made  to  undermine  the 
Committee's  work  by  anti-recruiting  methods. 
As  a  result  of  the  special  effort  of  Lord  Wim- 
borne  recruiting  improved,  but  subsequently 
fell  off. 

Sir  Maurice  also  referred  to  the 
troubles  caused  by  the  labour  strike 
in  1913,  and  to  what  merchants 
and  others  had  suffered  by  that.  He  wished 
to  say  that,  in  his  opinion,  that  strike  was 
largely  due  to  feeble  government.  The  tf"5n 
Under  Secretary's  conception  of  government 
was  that  he  was  what  lie  called  "  the  keeper 
of  the  ring  "  —  in  other  words,  that  the 
citizens  of  Dublin  and  the  strikers  should 
fight  it  out.  He  met  the  Under  Secretary  in 
the  street,  and  told  him  that  the  citizens 
were  suffering  a  great  deal  of  intimidation, 
and  the  answer  he  made  was:  "Don't  you 
think  the  police  could  deal  with  the 
strikers?"  He  also  said:  "If  you  bring  any 
case  under  my  notice  I  will  deal  with  it." 
Dublin  was  in  such  a  state  at  that  time  that 
eny  man  who  acted  as  his  own  policeman 
did  so  at  the  risk  of  his  life. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — Was  the  Citizen 
Army  in  existence  then?  No;  it  was  formed 
after  that.  Witness  en. ployed  a  number 
of  ex-policemen  to  protect  his  men,  and 
he  fought  the  strike  out  to  a  finish.  The 
point  he  wished  to  make  was  that  there  was 
no  military  protection  for  the  citizens.  He 
believed   that  protection   had   been  asked  for, 


and  that  the  military  authorities  did  not  aee 
their  way  to  grant  it. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — Were  your  men 
armed?  They  were,  and  the  strikers  were 
armed.  We  took  out  licences  for  our  men. 
(Laughter.) 

MR.    R.    W.    BOOTH. 

Mr.  R.  W.  Booth,  J. P.,  President  of  the 
Dublin  Chamber  of  Commerce,  was  the  next 
witiess.  He  gave  an  account  of  a  number  of 
industrial  strikes  that  had  taken  place  in 
Dublin  since  1908.  Larkin,  he  said,  left  the 
Dockers'  Union  in  1909,  and  started,  in  a 
small  way,  the  Irish  Transport  Workers' 
Union.  He  was  convicted  of  embezzlement, 
and  sentenced  by  Mr.  Justice  Boyd  to  twelve 
months'  imprisonment,  but  he  was  released 
by  Lord  Aberdeen  after  three  months. 
( Laughter.)  From  that  time  dated  the  power 
of  Larkin  over  the  Irish  Administration. 
COUNTY  INSPECTOR  RUTTLEDGE, 
R.I.C.,  GALWAY,  WEST. 

At  the  sitting  of  the  Commission  on  Satur- 
day,  27fh  May, 

County  Inspector  George  Bedell  Ruttledge, 
Royal  Irish  Constabulary,  stated  that 
he  had  been  27  years  in  the  police  force, 
and  was  now  stationed  in  the  West  Riding  of 
County  Galway.  Describing  the  origin  of  the 
Irish  Volunteer  movement,  he  said  that  the 
first  branch  of  the  Irish  Volunteers  was 
formed  in  Galway  town  on  December  12, 
1913,  at  a  meeting  which  was  addressed  by 
Sir  Roger  Casement.  Mr.  P.  H.  Pearse,  Pro- 
fessor John  MacNeill,  and  a  man  named 
George  Nicholls.  At  that  meeting  248  mem- 
bers were  enrolled,  and  George  Nicholls,  of 
Galway,  became  an  active  organiser.  At  the 
end  of  May,  1914,  there  were  ten  branches, 
with  a  membership  of  964;  on  June  24  there 
were  24  branches  with  a  membership  of 
1.938;  in  July  42  branches  with  3,704  mem- 
bers; in  August  54  branches  and  5,179  mem- 
bers. Up  to  this  time  drilling  was  actively 
carried  on  by  the  various  branches.  After'  the 
outbreak  of  the  war  and  Mr.  Redmond's  de- 
claration in  Parliament  offering  the  services 
of  the  Volunteers  for  home  defence  a  marked 
change  took  place.  No  drilling  practically 
took  plnr-e,  as  mnny  of  the  drill  instructors,, 
being  military  reservists,  rejoined  the  Army, 
and  these  was  also  a  tear  that,  they  might 
also  be  called  on  to  serve  in  the  Army.  The 
'Volunteer  movement  then  fluctuated,  and 
the  branches  became  less  and  less.  Then  in 
March,  1915,  William  Mellowes  took  up  his 
headquarters        in  Athenry,        and        be- 

came      an       active  organiser       in       the 

locality,        which        had  always   ■  -been 

disaffected  on  account  of  agrarian  agitation. 
He  gathered  together  all  the  young  men  who 
were  members  of  a  secret  society,  and  who 
had'  pronounced  disloyal  views.  Three 
branches  were  formed  with  a  membership  of 
144  in  May,  and  in  the  same  month  a  meet- 
ing was  held  in  Tuam,  which  was  addressed 
by  William  Meilowes  and  Sean  MacDermott. 
The  hitter's  speech  was  most  seditious,  and 
be  was  prosecuted  and  sentenced  to  four 
months'  imprisonment.  In  November  a  largei 
public    meeting    was    held    in    Athenry,    and 


175 


was  attended  by  all  the  extremists  in  the  dis- 
trict, vowing  to  the  influence  of  the  leaders 
the  members  of  three  branches  of  Mr.  Red- 
mond's Volunteers  turned  over  and  joined  the 
"inn  Fein  section.  These  three  branches 
had  been  in  localities  which  were  always  dis- 
turbed and 

HONEYCOMBED     WITH     SECRET    SOCIETY 
INFLUENCE. 

In  February  an  organiser  called  Alfred 
Monahan  arrived  in  Galway,  and  dis- 
played great  activity.  He  was  ordered  to 
leave  Ireland  before  the  8th  April.  Hj  left 
Galway  and  evaded  arrest.  On  St.  Patrick's 
Day  a  large  Sinn  Fein  demonstration  took 
place  in  Galway.  It  was  attended  by  562 
Sinn  Fciners  from  Galway  East  and  West 
Ridin<r ;  200  of  them  had  rifles  and  shot  guns, 
and  20  carried  pikes.  There  were  1,070  binn 
Feiners  in   the  Riding. 

The  Chairman — Now  tell  us  about  the  out- 
break. 

The  Witness — The  rebellion  commenced  in 
the  County  Galway  at  7.20  a.m.  on  Tuesday, 
25th  Aprii,  by  an  attack  on  the  police  bar- 
rack at  Gort,  9^  miles  from  Galway.  That 
attack  continued  till  10.50.  The  barrack  was 
fired  upon,  and  the  windows  were  smashed. 
The  rebels  numbered  100  at  first,  but  the 
number  increased  as  time  went  on.  Ston© 
barricades  were  built  across  the  road  at  each 
end  of  the  village.  The  barrack  was  defended 
and  held  by  five  policemen,  who  were  first 
called  upon  to  surrender  by  a  leader  of  the 
rebels,  who  threatened  to  blow  up  the  bar- 
rack. 

The   Chairman — What  is  his  name? 

The  witness  gave  the  name  privatelv,  and 
continued — The  rebels  withdrew  to  Claren- 
bridge,  where  they  were  reinforced  by  others. 
An  attack  was  made  on  Oranmore  Barrack. 
The  attack  there  commenced  between  12  noon 
and  1  p.m.  The  railway  line  and  the  tele- 
graph poles  were  cut,  and  a  larpe  hole  was 
made  in  the  bridge.  The  barrack  at  Oranmore 
was  defended  bv  four  policemen  until  relief 
came  at  7.30  through  the  arrival 
of  a  party  of  police  and  military 
from  Galway.  The  rebels  took  to  Bight  to- 
wards Athenry  in  motor  cars.  Ten  Sinn 
Feiners  were  arrested,  and  placed  on  board 
ship  in  Galway  Bay.  Special  constables  were 
sworn  in,  and  three  neighbouring  poMce  sta- 
tions were  closed,  and  the  police  concentrated 
in  Galway.  Two  hundred  troops  arrived  on 
Wednesday,  and  next  morning  at  4  o'clock 
the  party  went  out,  and  were  met  by  a  con- 
siderable party  of  rebels  at  Caherrhcre  cross- 
roads. A  sharp  encounter  took  place,  in 
•which  one  constable  was  shot  dead  and  others 
were  slightly  wounded.  The  rebels  were  put 
to  flight.  On  April  26th  it  was  reported  that 
the  rebels  were  marching  on  Galway.  A 
partv  of  police  went  out  to  meet  them.  The 
rebels  did  not  come  on,  but  took  cover  on  a 
Ull,  which  was  fired  on  by  i  sloop  o£  w\r  in 
th3  bay.  On  Friday,  Apri  5*BtJi,  HiiLUiCJ 
went  out  to  Athenry,  where  't  was  W lined 
that  the  rebels  were  concentrated  at  Mftyvore. 
5'k©   rebeb    broke     up      and   abandoned    liva 


police  jprJ9<?*sers  and  much  loot.  The  rebels 
surrendered,  having  been  advised  by  a  priest 
to  go  home.  Since  then  211  men  had  been 
arrested  in  the  West  Riding  of  Galway,  and 
were  conveyed  to  Dublin. 

The  Chairman — You  mentioned  in  the  course 
of  your  statement  that  a  number  of  seditious 
speeches  were  made  on  a  number  of  occasions 
at  variciis  places — now  were  all  these  speeches 
reported  to  trie  Government?  They  were  re- 
ported to  the  Inspector-General. 

Was  any  action  so  far  as  you  know  taken  in 
Galway  over  those  speeches?     N»  action. 

THE  SPOKESMAN  STILL  AT  LARGE. 

The  person  who  acted  as  the  spokesman  for 
the  rebels  and  who  threatened  to  blow  up  the 
barra&ks  at  CVvrenbridge — was  any  action 
taken  ogainst  him  ?     None. 

Is  he  a  free  man  now?     Yes. 

He  is  still  there?     Still  there. 

At  the  close  of  your  statement  you  say  that 
the  party  broke  up  on  being  advised'  by  trie 
priests  to  go  home.  Were  the  priests  acting 
in  co-operation  with  these  rebels?  Some  of 
the  younger  ones  were. 

Did   they  participate   actively?     Yes. 

Has  any  notice  been  taken  of  it?  Nonotlea 
was   taken. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — There  was  no  ac- 
tion or  arrest  of  any  priest?     No. 

To  Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — The  priest  who 
appealed  to  the  rebels  was  acting  as  a  peace 
maker,  and  he  told  them  that  they  were  acting 
very  foolishly,  that  there  was  a  large  force  o£ 
milit.^ry  there,  and  that  their  camp  could  be 
reached  by  them  and  that  it  would  be  tar 
better  for  them  to  go  home. 

To  the  Chairman — Witness  did  not  know 
the  name  of  this  priest,  nor  whether  he  was 
one  of  the  younger  or  the  older  clergy. 

To  Mr.  Justice  Shearman — In  Galway  some  of 
the    younger    clergy    were    disaffected,    but    a 
good  rxsay  of  thsm  were  very  loyal. 
SECRET   SOCIETY   AT    WORK. 

Have  you  formed'  any  estimate  as  to  the 
number  of  people  who  were  engayeil  m  your 
district  in  active  rebellion?  I  think  about  "00 
went  out. 

The  Chairman — Have  you  got  any  dir°'  t- 
proof  of  the  influence  of  secret  societies  ;n 
Galway?  there  has  been  a  secret  society  <i 
Galwvy  since  1882. 

Has  it  always  been  in  touch  with -the  Clan- 
na-Gael?  Always,  and  it  is  connected  with 
the  Gaelic  Association.  It  has  led  to  all  the 
crime  in  Galway,  and  is  at  the  back  of  this 
Sinn   Fein  movement  now. 

When  you  say  "crime"  do  you  mean  poli- 
tical crime  err  agrarian  crime?  Agrarian, 
crimA  before  this  last  stage. 

Do  you  think  the  fear  of  conscription  had 
much  effect  in  increasiria:  t tie  ranks  of  iha 
Sinn  Feinors"!  1  think  so,  amongst  tha 
ordinary  village  boys. 

Shirkers?  Shirkers-.  They  won't  fght  foe 
England. 

Do  you  consider'  tint  the  prevention  of 
emig-ati^o  \rn  r's  «j>rhe  effect?  I  do.  I* 
M'-'vr  5er,  idib,  ap  wards  of  bO  left  Galvjy  t* 
•emigrate,    and    then    that    scene    occurred    u& 

a  i 


176 


Liverpool  wheu  they  were  jeered  at.  Those 
men  came  back,  and" ever  pinee  then  there  had 
been  a   very  hostile   feeling. 

Were  they  also  Sinn  F<:iners7     Yea. 

GERMAN  MONEY. 

Have  you  any  information  of  German  money 
coming  "over  to  Galway?  Not  directly,  but 
we  noticed  that  people  who  were  not  well  off 
had  a  good  deal  of  money  to  spend,  wherever 
they   got   it. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers— The  main 
organiser  was  a  man  named  Nicholls  ?  Yes, 
in  Galway. 

What  has  happened  to  him?  He  is  under 
arrest. 

Are  the  people  doing  pretty  well  on  their 
farms  in  Galway?  They  are,  "  I  do  not  think 
the  farmers  were  ever  better  off.  They  were 
afraid  of  being  disturbed.  The  men  who  took 
part  in  SiniL  Fein  marches  were  farmers' sons 
and  labourers.  The  town  of  Galway  was 
very  loyal,  and  recruited  very  well,  indeed,  for 
the"  Army.  Ihe  town  of  Galway  had  no  sym- 
pathy with  the   rebellion    at    all. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman— What  is  the  origin 
cf  the  agitation  in  Athenry?  It  is  the  head- 
quarters of  a  secret  society- 
Has  the  Clan-na-Gael  got  any  organisation 
in  Ireland?  I  think  that  secret  society  is 
connected  with  it. 

COUNTY    INSPECTOR    CLAYTON, 
GALWAY,  EAST. 

County  Inspector  E.  M.  Clayton,  R.I.C,  next 
gave  evidence  regarding  Sinn  Fein  activities  in 
Galway,  East  Riding.  "The  Sinn  Fein  organi- 
sation was  first  established  in  Craughwell  in 
February,  1907.  That  branch  was  really  a 
secret  society.  Branches  were  subsequently 
established  at  Loughrea,  Athenry,  and  Kil- 
rea,  and  though  their  numbers  were  small  it 
was  necessary  to  watch  them  closely,  as 
the  worst-disposed  individuals  joined  them. 
Further  branches  were  established  in  Novem- 
ber, 1915,  as  the  result  of  a  meeting  held  in 
Athenry.  Six  hundred  and  seventy  members 
attended,  and  161  were  armed  with  rides  and 
shot  guns.  The  police  were  excluded  from 
the  meetirg.  Inflammatory  speeches  were 
made.  l4ive  branches  were  immediately 
formed  around  Lough rea  and  Athenry.  The 
totnl  number  of  branches  was  eleven  at  the 
time  of  the  outbreak,  and  the  membership 
amounted  to  371.  There  were  in  addition  350 
Sinn  Feiners  who  did  not  belong  to  any 
branch.  The  black  spots  of  the  districts  in- 
cluded portions  of  Athenry  and  Loughrea, 
and  secret  societies  existed  in  these  places 
for  years  past.  Sinn  Fein  organisers  had 
very  little  trouble  there.  The  Crauuhwell 
members  linked  themselves  np  with  the  Sinn 
Teinera  under  the  leadership  of  a  famous 
criminal. 

The  Chairman— Who  is  tb*»  famous  criminal? 
Tho«.  Kenny.  He  took  a  if.ding  part  in  the 
rebellion,  and  is  now  on  'he  run.  Mellowes 
ram.-  to  Athenry  in  April,  1915,  and  suc- 
ceeded in  enrolling  practirally  all  the  yountr 
men  of  the  countryside,  lie  was  paid  a  salary 
of  £3  a  ueek. 


SINN    FESNSas     BUSY    AT    ATHENRY. 

The  first  intimation  the  police  had 
of  the  outbreak  was  on  Tuesday,  April 
25th,  when  word  came  in  that  a  constable  at 
Moyvore  had  been  shot  and  seriously  wounded. 
Nothing  occurred  until  5  30  on  that  day, 
when  a  irtesbage  was  received  that  the  Sinn 
Feiners  wer<3  very  busy  at  Athenry.  It  was 
believed  that  they  were  going  to  take  the 
barracks,  and  it  was  necessary  to  reinforce 
the  police  there.  The  attai  k,  however,  did 
not  take  place.  The  Si?nt  Feiners  seized  the 
town  hall,  established  their  headquarters 
there,  and  made  bombs  during  the  night.  The 
next  morning  they  moved  out  about  two  miles 
to  a  farm  belonging  to  the  Department  of 
Agriculture,  where  they  were  joined  by  the 
Sinn  Feiners  of  the  West  Riding.  They  re- 
mained there  for  the  night.  They  cut  the 
telegraph  wires,  tore  up  the  railway  Line,  and 
commandeered  foodstuffs  Next  morning  they 
marched  to  Moyvore  Castle.  There  were 
about  1,000  of  them  altogether.  The  police 
concentrated  at  Loughrea  and  200  extra  men 
were  expected  from  Belfast.  As  soon  as  the 
latter  arrived  a  message  was  sent  out  to  the 
rebels,  and  efforts  were  made  to  induce  them 
to  disperse.  The  nriest.  whose  name  witness 
heard,  was  not  a  disloyal  man,  and  there  was 
a  contest  between  him  and  Mellowes  as  to 
who  would  have  the  upper  hand.  Desertions 
had  been  going  on. 

The  Chairman — What  happened  to  Mel- 
lowes? He  is  on  the  run,  too.  Proceeding, 
witness  stated  that  270  arrests  were  made. 
Most  of  them  were  deported  to  England. 
Twelve  were  convicted  and  sentenced  by 
court-martial.  The  military  and  police  seized 
seven  rifles,  86  shot  guns,  and  7  revolvers  ; 
35  rifles  were  unaccounted  for.  The  majority 
of  the  rifles  were  foreign  ones,  and  of  modern 
pattern. 

INFLUENCE    OF  SEDITIOUS  NEWSPAPERS. 

The  Chairman — In  your  district  had  the 
Press  much  influence?  Ves,  the  seditious 
papers,  which  went  into  the  district  weekly. 
The  trouble  was  chiefly  confined  to  the  dis- 
tricts of  Loughrea  and  Athenry.  The  popu- 
lation of  the  two  districts  was  about  3,000, 
and  they  had  always  been  the  centre  of 
secret  societies. 

The  Sinn  Feiners  were  pretty  well' known 
to  you,  I  suppose?     They  were. 

Were  there  any  people  of  superior  class 
or  education  among  them?     None. 

What  class  did  they  come  from?  One  of  the 
leaders  was  a  blacksmith,  and  the  Colon,  of 
the  Irish  Volunteers  was  a  publican.  They 
were  all  small  shopkeepers  and  farmers'  sons. 

There  were  none  of  them  of  the  literary 
type!    None. 

"  Mr.  Justice  Shearman — Were  the  priests  aa- 
nisting  this  movement  in  your  district?  Xea, 
the  younger  ones. 

It  ha.B  been  said  by  another,  witness  that 
the  U/iiat*  in  considerable  numbers  assisted* 
Ves,  *  ocopiderabia  acsi'bef  j  ^oihe  of  them 
were   more   active   than   others. 

Sir    Mackenzie    Chalmers— As    a    man    get* 

G  a 


older  he   gets   more   sensible?      Yes,   he  gets 
more  careful. 

COUNTY  INSPECTOR  HILL,  KERRY. 

County  Inspector  H.  0.  H.  Hill,  R.I.C.,  who 
said  he  was  35  years  in  the  force,  and  3^  years 
in  County  Kerry,  gave  evidence.  He  had  had 
general  experience  as  a  police  officer  all  over 
Ireland.  The  Sinn  Fein  movement,  he  said, 
first  came,  into  prominence  in  Kerry  ia  Octo- 
ber, 1914,  after  Mr.  John  Redmond  had  an- 
nounced the  decision  of  the  Nationalist  Party 
to  support  the  war.  At  a  meeting  in  Tralea 
in  that  month  it  was  decided  that  Mr.  Red- 
mond's policy  should  be  adopted.  Others 
decided  to  remain  loyal  to  Mr.  John 
MacNeill's  party  in  Dublin.  The  Sinn  Fein 
party  produced  a  Union  Jack,  which  they 
waved  in  the  face  of  the  Redmondites,  and 
afterwards  burned.  Then  green  flags  wer« 
produced  and  waved.  The  decision  to  remain 
loyal  to  MacNeill's  party  was  a  snatch  de- 
cision, because  a  great  many  of  Mr.  Red- 
mond's followers  were  at  Listowel  Races. 
He  estimated  that  there  were  646  Sinn  Feiners 
in  the  county  after  that.  On  the  30th  Novem- 
ber there  were  four  distinct  branches  of  Sinn 
Fein  in  the  county,  the  estimated  strength 
of  which  was  1,041  persons.  Until  Mr.  Red- 
mond had  declared  in  favour  of  recruiting 
the  Sinn  Fein  movement  was  of  no  account, 
but  afterwards  he  found  that  it  would  have 
to  be  reckoned  with,  A3  many  of  the  leaders 
were  pro-Germans  and  against  recruiting. 
Op  to  October,  1914.  nearly  everyone  in 
Kerry  was  in  favour  of  winning  the  war,  and 
assisted  the  police  in  hunting  up  spies.  Rut 
after  that  all  that  stopped.  Shortly  after- 
wards a  number  of  the  Sinn  Fein  party 
marched  through  Tralee,  and  118  of  them  car- 
ried rifles.  In  February,  1915,  the  number  of 
branches  of  Sinn  Fein  had  increased 
to  seven,  with  a  membership  of  1.039.  In 
March  there  were  eight  branches,  but  they 
were  all  mostlv  inactive.  In  April  the  num- 
ber of  Sinn  Fein»rs  had  increased  to  1.044, 
which  was  due  to  the  activity  of  Ernest 
Blythe,  an  organiser  who  came  to  Kerry  dur- 
ing the  month.  After  a  meeting  on  March  IB, 
at  which  the  Irish  Guards'  band  attended, 
some  members  of  the  Sinn  Fein  party 
marched  through  the  town,  and  called  upon 
the  people  to  enrol  in  the  Volunteers.  In 
May  the  number  had  increased  to  1,060,  and 
Blythe  and  a  man  named  Cotton  were  very 
active  in  organising  work. 

THE    KILLARNEY  PARADE. 

During  that  month  Mr.  John  Mac- 
Neill  held  a  parade  •  in  Killarney  o! 
550  armed  Volunteers  immediately  after 
some  Gaelic  athletic  sports.  This  parade  was 
to  show  the  strength  of  the  Volunteers  m 
Kerry,  and  men  came  from  all  parts  of  the 
county.  In  June  there  was  a  decrease  of 
38  in  the  number  of  Sinn  Fein  Volunteers 
in  Kerry.  This  was  dna  to  some  rreaj hers  re- 
signing because  the*  iwuiJ  not  m;  ke  rip  fr!-^i: 
minds  as  to  which  section  of  the  V,oluntct>JiS 
they  should  belong  to.  Bivthe  and  &3bSoii  wer# 


very  active  during  the  month.  In  July  th* 
.lumbers  had  been  reduced  to  982,  a  lot  ot 
members  having  seceded  from  one  branch 
and  formed  a;  branch  of  their  own.  In 
August  the  Sinn  Fein  party  paraded  in  Kil- 
larney in  memory  of  O'Donovan  Rossa,  whosa 
funeral  was  taking  place  in  Dublin  on  that 
day.  In  September  the  numbers  increased  to 
043,  and  a  good  deal  of  skirmishing  wa3  car- 
ried out  throughout  the  county.  They  also 
carried  out  night  manoeuvres,  much  to  tthe 
terror  of  the  people  of  Kerry.  In  October 
the  number  of  Sinn  Feiners  had  increased  to 
1,018,  and  during  that  month  the  Volunteers 
marched  out  into  the  country  and  practised 
rifle-shooting.  On  the  8th  October  a  deputa- 
tion of  Sinn  Feiners  waited  on  the  Listowel 
Kace  Committee,  and  succeeded  in  getting 
them  to  rescind  a  resolution  they  had  passed 
to  give  Id.  in  the  Is.  of  their  receipts  to  the 
Royal  Munster  Fusiliers'  Fund.  The  Sinn 
Feiners  then  demanded  that  Id.  in  the  Is.  be 
given  by  the  Race  Committee  to  the  Irish 
Volunteers.  This  was  agreed  to,  but  it  was 
rescinded  at  a  later  meeting.     (Laughter.) 

PLAYING    ON    THE    PEOPLE'S    FEARS. 

In  November,  1915,  the  total  Sinn  Feiners  for 
the  County  Kerry  was  1,143,  and  the  orga- 
nisers showed  great  activity,  playing  on  the 
people's  fears  of  conscription,  and  on  the  re- 
cruiting letters  which  were  being  sent  out  to 
persons  of  military  age.  Cotton  was  organis- 
ing around  Kenmare  and  Killarney,  aad  a 
man  named  Michael  Moriarty  distributed 
sixteen  revolvers  at  Dingle.  Several  meet- 
ings were  held,  and  disloyal  speeches  made 
by  a  Dublin  organiser  who  was  trying  to 
make  the  Sinn  Fein  and  the  Labour  Parties 
one.  In  Bailymacelligott  district  house  to 
house  visits  were  being  made  for  the  purpose 
of  purchasing  arms.  In  December  the  total 
of  the  Sinn  Feiners  was  1,233,  an  increase  of 
69.  Blythe  and  Cotton  were  very  active  dur- 
ing the  month,  and  a  Dublin  man  delivered 
a  lecture  on  Wolfe  Tone  to  200  people  in 
Tralee.  Branches  of  the  Transport  Workers' 
Union  were  established.  In  the  following 
month  the  number  of  Sinn  Feiners  increased 
by  59,  the  increase  being  due  to  active" 
organising.  During  the  month  a  meeting  of 
the  County  Board  of  the  Sinn  Feiners  was 
held  at  Tralee.  In  February,  1916,  there 
were  18  branches  with  a  membership  of 
1,273,  and  during  the  month  Cotton  was  giv- 
ing instruction  in  the  use  of  the  rifle  and  re- 
•  volver  at  Dingle,  and  special  instruction  was 
also  given  in  bayonet  exercises  and  skirmish- 
ing. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — Had  Cotton  been  a 
soldier?  No,  he  was  in  the  Labour  Exchange 
before  he  became  a  Sinn  Fein  organiser.  Dur- 
ing the  month  Mr.  Partridge,  of  Dublin,  mad* 
speeches  of  a  disloyal  charfr&ter,  and  Mr.  P. 
1st.  Pearse  reviewed  248  Volunteers  in  Tralea* 
Li  March  Cotton  was  organiser,  Blythe  ha\* 
ii  r  been  arrested  and  sent  to  England.  Cot- 
t'*%  left  \erry  finally  on  the  27th  M&rch 
after  being  served  with  notice  tfhen  in  Bel- 
fast not  to  return  to  Kerry. 

e  3 


178 


ALL    THE    LEADING    SUSPECTS. 

Witneti  went  on  to  detail  later  events  con- 
£&cted  with  the  Sinn  Fein  movement.  On  St. 
Patrick's  Day  they  paraded  in  Tralee  in  full 
tHrengib,  and*  on  25th  March  a  -woman  named 
£$Ofie  Perolze  had  arranged  to  deliver  a  lecture 
»/a  the  Fenian  rising.  The  Countess  Mar- 
Srrtvicz  was  to  have  given  the  lecture,  but  she 
*M3  forbidden  to  visit  Kerry,  and  she  sent  da 
"Sher  woman.  Nearly  all  the  leading  sus- 
^ects  visited  Kerry  from  time  to  time. 

*_l4  Jsstiee  Shearman — Was  there  any 
metsal  rising  in  Kerr^  X  No,  but  two  con- 
stables  were  shot  at. 

The  Chairman— Were  Jhere  any  leaders_  of 
&riv  kind  in  Kerry  at  the  time  of  the  landing 
f-i  Sir  Roger  Casement?  No.  The  principal 
"^an  there" w as  Austin  Stack,  and  I  arrested 
him  the  sam-°  flay  that  I  arretted  Casement. 
I  have   a   note   of   it. 

Witness  then  read  hk  note  of  what  occurred 
ftt  the  landing  a!  Sir  Roger  Casement,  his  cap- 
ture, the  sifcidfig  of  the  arms  ship,  and'  a 
dumber  o3  arrests  he  made  in  Tralee  in  con- 
nection -with  the  landing.  He  added  that  316 
irish  Volunteers  had  mobilised  in  Tralee  evi- 
dently to  assist  in  the  rebellion  and  the  land- 
\>-%  of  the  arms.  Owing  to  the  general  staty 
oi" unrest  and  the  rumours  that  were  flying 
about  witness  asked  the  officer  commanding; 
the  troops  in  Tralee  if  he  could  send  him  some 
soldiers  to  assist  the  police  in  case  of  neces- 
sity. The  officer  replied  that  he  had  none  to 
spare.  Witness  then  got  into  communica- 
tion with  the  General  Commanding  at  Queens- 
town,  and  he  promptly  sent  on  100  soldiers  by 
tram.  They  arrived  at  5  a.m.  on  22nd  April. 
On  the  21st  he  had  also  wired  for  extra  police 
for  Tralee.  and  they  came  in  from  outlying 
stations.  Extra  men  were  placed  at  Water- 
ville  and  Yalentia  to  protect  the  cable  stations. 

WHY  THERE   WA3    NO   RISING  IN    KERRY. 

The  Chairman — You  said  there  was  no  rising 
in  Kerry?  No.  and  I  attribute  this  to  the 
arrest  of  Casement  and  the  local  leaders,  the 
arrival  of  troops  from  Cork  and  of  extra  police 
from  the  country.  Austin  Stack  was  in  charge 
of  everything,  and  when  be  was  arrested  the 
Irish  Volunteer?  who  were  assembled  in 
Tralee  became  nervous.  Those  of  them  who 
were  from  the  country  districts  gradually  Ecft 
for   home. 

arman — How     many    had 
assembled?     516. 

Had  the  question  of  conscription  a  great 
deal  of  influence?  Yes,  a  great  deal.  1  he 
number  of  Sinn  Feiners  largely  increased  at 
that  period. 

In  reply  to  Mr.   Justice  Shearman,  witness 
laid  he  never  expected  danger  from  the  Rcd- 
mendite  Volunteers,    but  he   did    with    regard 
to    the    Ini.-h    Volunteers.     Although    be    did 
not  expect  a  rising  he  knew   there   would   be 
in   the  case  of  a  German    inva- 
The    railway    lines    and    the    telegraph 
would  be  cut,  and  it  would  be  difficult 
for  the  military   to  operate.   There   were 
four  voting  priests  connected   with   the  move- 
ment.    Several   parish   priests  prevented     the 
formation  of  Sinn  Fein  branch* j,       (Jut  of 


a  population  of  165,000  in  the  county  there 
were  only  a  little  over  1,000  Sinn  Feiners. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — Were  there  sym- 
pathisers of  the  Sinn  Feiners  who  would  have 
been  with  them  if  they  thought  they  would 
succeed  ?  Yes.  It  was  hard  to  know 
whether  some  people  were  Sinn  Feiners  or 
Redmondites. 

Perhaps  they  did  not  know  themselves? 
(Laughter.)  That  is  so.  Many  Sinn  Feiners 
thought  they  were  insulted  when  they  were 
called  MacNeillites.      (Laughter.) 

The  German  ship  intended  to  land  at  Tra- 
lee ?     Yes,  by  force. 

There  was  not  much  preparation  to  re- 
ceive it — only  two  men  in  a  motor  car?  There 
was  a  large  number  in  Tralee.  My  idea  is 
that  the  ship  came  in  a  day  or  two  too  soon. 
She   was  unpunctual. 

You  had  not  enough  men  to  deal  with 
370?  No.  I  had  only  thirty  men  in  Tralee. 
In  the  whole  county  I  had  338  before  the 
war;  since  then  272,  not  counting  officers 

, COUNTY  INSPECTOR  SHARPE 
WEXFORD. 

County  Inspector  John  Robert  Sharpe,  Royal 
Irish  Constabulary,  Wexford,  was  next  ex- 
amined. He  said  he  had  been  29  years  in 
the  R.I.C.,  five  of  which  he  has  spent  in  the 
County  Wexford.  Besides  the  County  In- 
spector there  were  four  District  Inspectors, 
four  head  constables,  and  204  constables  in 
the  county. 

Asked  by  the  Chairman  what  he  knew  of 
the  Sinn  Fein  movement,  he  said  it  was  first 
started  in  Enniscorthy  about  1904,  its  foun- 
ders being  persons  who  had  been 
connected        with  the  old        Fenian 

conspiracy.  Its  aims  were  the  overthrow  of 
English  rule  in  Ireland,  the  establishment,  of 
Irish  industries,  and  the  boycotting  of  Eng- 
lish manufactures.  It  had  seven  branches, 
with  a  membership  of  325,  in  the  County 
Wexford.  They  had  95  rifles,  most  of  mo- 
dern pattern,  47  shot-guns,  34  revolvers,  a 
number  of  bayonets,  and  some  ammunition. 
He  could  not  state  accurately  how  much.  Seve- 
ral branches  held  weekly  and  bi-weekly, 
drills  and  route-marches,  some  indoor  and 
some  outdoor,  and  they  sometimes  went  out 
under  arms.  They  were  occasionally  visited 
by  P.  II.  Pearse,  J.  J.  O'Connell,  Rlellowes, 
and  other  organisers.  Prior  to  the  outbreak 
of  the  rebellion  in  Dublin  the  county  was 
peaceful,  and  none  of  the  political  organisa- 
tions was  active,  save  the  Irish  Volunteers, 
which  latter  had  been  very  active  fer  the  past 
two  years. 

THE     ENNIS80RTHY     RISING. 

Beyond  the  fact  that  they  were  in  pos- 
session of  rifles,  there  was  no  indication  of 
an  intended  rising  until  the  25th  April  last, 
when  some  men  marched  into  Knnisoorthy, 
where  they  remained  that  night  and  dispi 
the  billowing  morning.  The  Irish  Volunteers 
tooto  possession  of  the  town  at  4  a.m.  on 
April   27 

The  Chairman— How  many  men  were 
there?     Ihwe  were  000  men,  and  200  tf  them 

G  4 


173 


had  rifles  and  shot-guns.  They  established 
themselves  in  the  Athenaeum  as  their  head- 
quarters, and  appointed  "Irish  Republican 
Police."  They  appointed  sentries,  and  al- 
lowed no  one  to  enter  or  leave  the  town 
without  a  permit.  They  commandeered 
motor  cars,  food,  and  every  description  of 
goods,  including  arms,  and  they  .searched 
houses  for  arms.  Five  constables  and  the 
District  Inspector  held  the  police  barrack, 
and  the  sergeant  and  one  man  was  in  the 
bank.  The  bank  was  in  view  of  the  bar- 
rack. The  rebels  took  possession  of  the 
Castle  on  the  hill,  and  from  that  they  fired 
on  the  barrack,  and  they  also  fired  from  the 
slope  of  Vinegar  Hill.  There  was  an  open 
space  around  the  barrack,  and  that  saved  the 
barrack.  On  the  morning  .if  the  28th  the 
Administrator  of  the  parish,  Father  AlcHenry, 
and  a  Mr.  O'Neill  wanted  the  police  to  sur- 
render. He  (witness)  w~as  very  glad  they 
did  not  surrender.  They  held  out  until  re- 
lief sent  by  the  military  arrived  on  the  1st 
May. 

W^LCOM^   SUPPLY    OF    AMMUNITION. 

The  Chairman — What  ammunition  are  the 
police  supplied  with  ?  They  are  supplied 
only  with  thirty  rounds  each  man,  but  they 
had  seized  a  thousand  rounds  of  Sinn  Fein 
ammunition  before  that,  and  it  came  in  very 
handy,  for  it  fitted  the  police  rifles.  (Laugh- 
ter.) The  600  Sinn  Feiners  were  not-  all 
armed.  The  military  told  him  that  a  man 
in  a  house  was  equal  to  eighteen  men  out- 
side  in   a   fight   of   this   sort. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — They  did  not  try 
to  rush  the  thing  at  night  ?     No. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — You  say  there  were 
about  325  in  the  county,  and  that  600  men 
turned  out?  Yes,  two  hundred  of  them 
armed. 

That  is  about  double  the  estimated  num- 
ber ?  Oh,  yes ;  but  .they  terrorised  the 
whole  of  the  inhabitants  into  joining  them. 

To  Mr.  Justice  Shearman — The  population 
of  Enniscorthy  was  about  5.0C0  There  was 
no  bloodshed  in  the. county  with  the  exception 
of  one  head  constable  wounded.  There  was  a 
small  disloyal  element  in  the  county.  The 
only  disloyal  people  were  the  Sinn  Feiners", 
whom  the  police  were  watching.  There  were 
four  young  priests  who  were  Sinn  Feiners, 
but  the  rest  of  the  priests  helped  the  authori- 
ties in  every  way  possible,  and  were  tho- 
roughly loyal.  In  fact  one  of  the  priests, 
Father  Murphy,  of  Ballymun,  was  most  abu- 
sive of  the  Sinn  Feiners  in  his  sermons,  and 
99  per  cent,  of  the  priests  were  thoroughly 
against  them.  Over  200  persons  assisted  the 
police  to  hold  the  town  of  Enniscorthy,  ;.nd 
witness  armed  them  with  shot-guns  and  other 
weapons.  Then  the  National  Volunteers, 
Hibernians,  Unionists,  and,  in  fact,  everyone 
Was  most  keen  in  helping  the  police. 

NATIONAL    VOLUNTEERS   ASSISTING   THE 
POLICE. 

The  Chairman — Did  the  National  Volunteers 
turn  out  '!  They  turned  out  everywhere.  There 
jrere  2C0  Redmondite  Volunteers  assisting  the 


police  before  the  military  arrived.  Wexford 
was  about  14^  miles  from  Enniscorthy.  Wit- 
ness intended  to  go  to  the  relief  of  Ennis- 
corthy, but  he  received  a  message  from  the 
General  Officer  Commanding  in  Cork  stating 
that  men  were  urgently  required  to  guard  the 
railway,  and  it  would  be  no  use  to  send  them 
to  Enniscorthy,  and  on  no  account  to  send 
them  there.  Subsequently  1,100  men  and  70 
cavalry,  with  a  4.7  gun,  yere  sent  to  take 
Enniscorthy. 

In  reply  to  the  Chairman,  witness  said  that  375 
Sinn  Feiners  were  arrested,  and  of  these  319 
were  sent  to  Dublin,  52  were  discharged,  and 
2  were  taljen  to  hospital.  The  police  seized 
46  rifles,  66  shot-guns,  8  pistols,  6  revolvers, 
1  bomb,  21^  stone  of  blasting  powder,  667 
rounds  of  sporting  ammunition,  4,067  rounds 
of  rifle  and  revolver  ammunition,  and  a  quan- 
tity of  gelignite  and  other  explosives. 

The  Chairman — A  regular  arsenal?  Yes. 
The  rifles  were  mostly  of  German  pattern, 
and  amon-st  the  ammunition  was  a  quantity  of 
soft-nosed  bullets.  They  were  not  filed,  but 
were  made  clean  cut. 

lJLAN    OF  CAMPAIGN      M    A    *»ASS    BOOK. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — Did  you  find 
amongst  the  prisoners  any  copies  of  the  cir- 
cular read  by  Alderman  Kelly  in  Dublin  ? 
No ;  but  on  one  of  the  prisoners  we  found  the 
whole  programme  of  the  rebels  in  Dublin. 
It  was  written  out  in  a  pass-book,  and  con» 
tained  all  details  as  to  the  attack  on  the 
General  Post  Office  and  everything  else.  That 
document  remains  to  be  produced  before  the 
courtmartial.  It  was  an  ordinary  penny 
pass-book,  with  the  whole  programme  w-ritten 
in  it.  It  was  written  in  pencil,  and  was  evi- 
dently a  copy  of  the  original  programme. 

COUNTY   INSPECTOR    POWER. 
KILKENNY. 

County  Inspector  P.  C.  Power,  R.I.C.,  who 
has  been  stationed  in  County  Kilkenny  for  the 
past  six  years,  stated  that  the  first  appear- 
ance of  the  Sinn  Fein  movement  in  the  Kil- 
kenny district  was  about  the  year  1912.  In  its 
initial  stages  it  was  intended  to  encourage  Irish 
industries.  On  5th  March.  1914.  Sr  Roger  Case- 
ment, accompanied  by  Thomas  MacDonagh, 
held  a  meeting  in  Kilkenny  (  ity  for  the  pur- 
pose of  forming  a  branch  of  the  Irish  National 
Volunteers.  At  that  meeting  about  500  per- 
sons attended.  Sir  Roger  Casement  advised 
them  to  drill  and  become  proficient  in  the  use 
of  firearms,  which  he  stated  would  be  supplied 
to  them.  A  branch  of  the  I.N.V.  was  formed 
than,  and  a  number  of  members  were  enrolled. 
Drilling  and  training  were  actively  carried  on 
from  that  time,  and  a  large  sum  of  money 
wab  collected  in  the  town  towards  this 
organisation.  Then  Mr.  Redmond  and  his 
party  about  June,  1914,  got  partial  control  of 
the  Volunteers.  A  split  occurred,  and  th* 
local  treasurer,  without  any  apparent  au- 
thority, forwarded  about  £90  to  Mr.  John 
MacNeill  in  Dublin.  The  next  movement  ot 
note  was  when  J.  J.  O'Connell.  a  Sinn  Fei\ 
organiser,  arrived  in  Kilkenny.  That  was  in 
April,    1915.       From    that    time    forward    the 


ICO 


movement  showed  much  activity  and  began 
to  spread  over  the  country  districts.  The  atti- 
tude of  Mr.  Redmond  towards  recruiting  for 
the  Army  and  also  the  fear  of  conscription 
rather  gave  an  impetus  to  the  Irish  Volun- 
teers. Witness  also  noticed  at  that  time  that 
the  number  of  the  Irish  National  Volunteers 
lather  decreased,  and  "ihat  movement  more  or 
less  became  dormant.  On  the  other  hand  the 
Irish  Volunteers  were  well  organised  and 
stimulated  by  paid  organisers.  One  of  these, 
men,  Edward  0' Kelly,  described  himself  as  a 
lieutenant.  ?The  others  were  John  McDermott 
and  William  Mellowes.  A  good  deal  of 
seditious  literature  was  circulated.  The  first 
occasion  that  the  Irish  Volunteers  appeared 
m  the  streets  under  arms  was  on  23rd'  No- 
ember.  1915,  at  the  celebration  known  a3 
*he   "Manchester  Martyrs." 

A  SEDITIOUS  SPEECH. 
The  Chairman — Where  did  they  get  their 
rifles  from?  1  am  unable  to  say.  Ihey  were 
modern  magazine  rifles,  and  looked  like  En- 
fields.  John  McDermott  attended  on  this 
occasion  and  delivered  an  address  behind 
closed  doors  to  the  Irish  Volunteers  in  the 
Gaelic  League  Rooms.  In  March,  1916,  Lieu- 
tenant O'Kelly,  on  the  occasion  of  an  trish 
Volunteer  parade  at  St.  John's  Well,  near 
Kilkenny,  made  a  very  seditious  speech.  1 
reported  it  at  the  time. 

Was  any  action  taken  upon  it?  No.  In  Feb- 
ruary and  March  of  this  year  the  Irish  Volun- 
teers were  under  arms  on  two  or  three  occa- 
sions. No  actual  outbreak  occurred'  in  Kil- 
kenny during  Easter  week.  We  noticed  a 
eonsiderablfPamount  of  activity  and  restless- 
ness amongst/the  Irish  Volunteer  men.  On 
Easter  Monday  they  moved  about  in  groups 
and  in  a  state  of  excitement.  They  also  at- 
tended the  railway  station,  apparently  for  the 
purpose  of  receiving  some  information  which 
did  not  arrive.  Their  cyclists  were  also  very 
active  going  out  into  the  country,  and  one  of 
their  number  who  owned  a  motor  car  was 
pretty  well  kept  on  the  run. 

You    never    found    what   they    were   up    to? 
Not  at  that  time. 

SEARCHLIGHT  SIGNALLING. 
Witness  went  on  to  say  that  he  took  im- 
mediate steps  to  assemble  as  many  armed 
men  as  he  could,  and  by  Wednesday  morning 
he  had  about  seventy.  It  was  necessary  to 
hurry  a  force  to  protect  the  liarrow  bridge. 
The  military  subsequently  took  it  over.  On 
the  morning  of  the  27th  he  observed  signalling 
going  on  apparently  from  Mount  Leinster, 
which  overlooks  Enniscorthy.  It  looked  like 
searchlight  [signalling.  There  were  answer- 
ing signals  from  a  northerly  direction.  On 
5th  May  the  police  raided  the  local  Sinn  Fein 
ball  and  seized  a  number  of  bayonets  and 
pikes.  In  (ho  hall  was  a  scroll  with  the  in- 
scription— "  A  felon's  cap  is  the  noblest 
crown  an  Irish  he;.d  can  wear."  There  had 
rot  been  a  f;encriil  surrender  of  arms,  and 
they  believed  they  were  got  into  Kilkenny, 
l>ut  they  ware  c«*ncvaled  somewhere.  Kil- 
kenny did  0jtren#eLy  well  in  recruiting,  and 
ho  believed  thflt  there  were  not  more  than 
800  or  300  ti'i/xn  F tillers  in  the  whole  county. 


COUNTY  INSPECTOR  GELSTON,  CLARE. 

County  Inspector  Gelston,  in  his  evidence, 
said  he  had  had  26  years'  service  in  the 
R.I.C.,  three  years  of  which  he  had  spent  in 
the  Co.  Clare.  The  first  branch  of  the  Volun- 
teers was  started  in  the  Co.  Clare  in  March, 
1914.  The  number  of  branches  increased  to 
four,  and  the  membership  to  400,  and  that 
went  on  until  September,  1914,  when  a  split 
occurred  in  their  ranks  and  many  of  Uiem 
seceded  from  Mr.  Redmond's  party.  At  that 
time  about  300  Volunteers  became  what  was 
subsequently  the  Sinn  Fein  party  or  the 
MacNeill  party. 

The  Chairman — What  brought  about  the 
split?  1  don't  quite  know,  it  was,  1  think, 
dissatisfaction  with  ivlr.  Redmond's  policy  re- 
garding the  war  and  recruiting,  and  regard- 
ing the  Home  Rule  Bill.  At  that  time  they 
had  no  leaders — the  Sinn  Fein  party — in  the 
county.  A  Sinn  Fein  branch,  composed  of 
very  few  people,  was  organised  by  Ihomas 
O'Loughlin,  and  he  and  his  little  party  became 
the  centre  of  the  Sinn  Fein  movement,  but 
nothing  was  done  until  May,  1915,  when  a 
paid  organiser  named  Ernest  Blythe  came  to 
the  county  and  made  himself  very  active.  He 
went  on  creating  branches  until  July,  1915, 
when  he  came  to  be  looked  upon  as  a  danger, 
and  a  deportation  order  was  served  upon 
him.  Blythe  underwent  a  term  of  imprison- 
ment for  disobedience  to  the  order.  When 
Blythe  left  the  county  the  movement  stood 
still  until  a  man  named  O'Hurley,  a  Gaelic 
teacher  and  organiser,  became,  very  active, 
with  the  result  that  at  tne  beginning  of  this 
year  there  were  ten  branches  of  the  dinn  Vein 
in  the  county,  with  a  membership  of  over  400. 
They  drilled,  and  some  of  them  wore  uniform 
and  practised  shooting  with  miniature  rifles. 

ALARMING    THE    POPULACE. 

The  Chairman— What  number  of  arms  tiad 
they?  In  the  whole  county  they  had  about  35 
rifles.  'Ihey  were  not  well  armed,  but  they 
had  plenty  of  shot-guns  ana  miniature  rifles. 
These  branches  became  more  or  less  aggressive 
in  some  parts  of  the  county,  and  people  got 
afraid  of  them.  Complaints  were  made  to  him 
of  the  marching  with  arms  of  these  men 
through  the  county.  On  one  occasion  a  man 
named  Michael  Brennan,  a  captain  of  one  of 
the  branches,  paraded  his  men  after  Mass  on 
Sunday  on  the  road,  and  before  proceeding  on 
a  route  march  he  distributed  ammunition  to 
them.  That  -created  a  great  deal  of  alarm  in 
the  minds  of  the  people.  Brennan,  address- 
ing his  branch  of  the  Volunteers,  made  the 
remark*:  "  I  want  to  say  a  few  words  for 
your  ovrn  information  about  the  seizure  of 
arms.  My  advice  to  you  is,  if  such  an  at- 
tempt is  made,  to  use  them,  and  not  to  use  the 
butts  of  them,  but  the  other  ends,  and  what 
is  in  them." 

The  Chairman — What  is  the  date  of  that? 

Witness — It  was  on  the  17th  March  last.  It 
was  on  the  15th  December,  1915,  that  he 
handed  the  ammunition  to  the  men.  Brennan 
farther  said  a',  that  meeting  on  the  17th 
March — "Some  of  you  may  not  like  to  com- 
mit murder,  but;  it  is  not  murder,  it  will  be 


181 


only  self-defence.  You  know  well  if  your 
arms  are  taken  that  the  next  thing  will  be 
conscription." 

WHY  CLARE   DID  NOT   RtSE. 

He  was  prosecuted  for  that  speech,  and  sen- 
tenced to  three  months'  imprisonment.  The 
Sinn  Feiners  in  the  Co.  Clare  did  not  rise, 
and  gave  no  trouble,  but  at  the  time  of  the 
rising  there  was  considerable  activity. 
Organisers  were  moving  about,  and  the  Sinn 
Feiners  were  evidently  anticipating  something. 
On  Easter  Sunday  many  of  the  Sinn  Feiners 
met  along  the  banks  of  the  Shannon,  evidently 
anticipating  the  landing  of  arms  from  the 
Kerry  side  of  the  river.  He  attributed  the 
fact  that  there  was  no  rising  in  Clare  to  the 
failure   to    land    arms   from    Kerry. 

The  Chairman — What  was  the  state  of  re- 
cruiting in  Clare?  Recruiting  was  very  good 
in  the  County  Clare,  taking  it  all  round, 
amongst  the  labouring  classes  and  in  the 
towns,  but  there  was  no  response  from  the 
farming  classes — otherwise  the  recruiting  was 
surprisingly   good. 

Was  the  Sinn  Fein  movement  a  small  one 
in  Clare?  Well,  at  first  it  was  very  small, 
but  it  grew  rapidly  at  the  end  of  last  year 
and  the  beginning  of  this  year.  We  had  a 
record  of  over  400  Sinn  Feiners  in  the  county, 
but  of  course  there  were  a  great  many  sym- 
pathisers who  did  not  openly  join,  but  showed 
themselves  in  sympathy  with  the  Sinn  Fein 
movement.  My  own  opinion  is  that  if  they  had 
had  a  rising  in  Clare  we  would  have  had  a 
great  many  more  than  400 — we  would  prob- 
ably have  had  three  times  that  number. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — Did  you  have  any 
sedirious  sermons  or  remarks  from  priests? 
We  had — there  were  quite  a  number.  There 
was  one  clergyman  who  addressed  a  meeting, 
and  told  them  to  arm,  and  if  they  could 
not  get  long-range  rifles  to  use  shot  guns — ■ 
that  shot  guns  were  very  useful  in  the  hands 
of  Irishmen. 

Was  this  reported  to  headquarters  ?  No. 
He  also  told  them  if  they  could  not  get 
shot  gurs  *o  get  revolvers,  and  if  they  could 
not  get  revolvers  to  get  pikes — that  the 
blacksmith  could  make  them — and  if  they 
could  not  tret  pikes  to  get  hatchets  or  slashers 
in  tneir  own  houses. 

How  lon.Lr  ago  was  that  speech  made?  In 
January  last. 

The  Chairman — Was  that  speech  made  by  a 
young  priest  ?     Yes. 

As  a  rule,  are  the  younger  priests  hostile? 
Any  of  the  priests  in  the  county  who  had 
Sinn  Fein  tendencies  were  of  the  younger 
variety.  The  older  men,  as  a  rule — the 
parish  priests  in  a  number  of  cases — have 
spoken  against  the  Sinn  Fein  movement. 

Have  they  given  assistance  to  you  in  the 
performance  of  your  duties?  Well,  no, 
except  to  the  extent  of  denouncing  the  rising 
from  the  pulpit.  In  one  case  a  parish  priest 
addressed  the  Sinn  Feiner".,  and  asked  them 
to  give  up  tireir  rifles  to  ns.  That  was  the 
only  oa£8  in  wixkih  rifles  w«*>&  givenTup  to 
any  extesic 


Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers— There  are  arms  in 
the  county  still?     Yes;   quite  a  number. 

MR.  J.  C.  PERCY. 

Mr.  J.  C.  Percy,  J. P.,  who  stated  he  was  an 
honorary  recruiting  worker,  gave  his  impres- 
sions of  the  effect  of  the-  Sinn  Fein  move- 
ment upon  recruiting  for  the  Army  and  Navy. 
Latterly  he  had  confined  his  efforts  to  re- 
cruiting  for  the  Navy.  Killarney  was  the 
first  place  where  he  found  Sinn  Fein  operating 
against  recruiting.  He  could  not  get  a 
chairman  to  preside  over  the  meeting.  He 
tried  the  member  of  Parliament,  the  Chair- 
man of  the  Town  Commissioners,  and  the  Ad- 
ministrator. The  latter  had  Hen  very  kind 
to  them  at  a  previous  recruiting  meeting  at 
which  he  had  presided.  He  excused  himself 
by  saying  that  he  did  not  think  he  should 
be  asked  to  take  the  chair  a  second  time, 
and  that  some  other  person  should  do   so. 

The  Chairman — Who  is  the  member  of  Par- 
liament ?     I  think  it  is  Mr.   0 'Sullivan. 

Witness,  continuing,  said— I  then  went  to 
Sir  Morgan  O'Connell,  and  he  gave  me  an  en- 
tirely different  reason  from  the  others  for 
refusing.  He  said  there  had  been  a  review 
announced  to  be  held  of  5,000  persons  who  came 
from  Kerry,  that  this  would  be  an  anti-recruit- 
ing meeting,  and  would  put  an  end  to  recruit- 
ing in  Kerry  if  it  was  allowed  to  be  held, 
and  that  he  had  wired  to  Mr.  Birrell  and 
Lord  Wimborne  to  bftve  it  suppressed,  bub 
that  neither  of  them  had  moved  in  the  matter. 
Under  these  circumstances,  said  Sir  Morgan, 
he  would  not  move  his  little  finger  to  help 
the  British  Government.  Others,  continued 
the  witness,  gave  me  as  their  reason  for  re- 
fusing to  take  the  chair  the  reported  appoint- 
ment of  Mr.  James  Campbell  as  Lord  Chan- 
cellor of  Ireland.      (Laughter.) 

EFFECT    OF    SEDITIOUS    NS.VSPAPERS. 

Witness  further  stated  that  he  had  re- 
ported to  Great  Scotland  Yard  that  the  sedi- 
tious newspapers  published  in  Dublin  were 
libelling  the  speakers  at  recruiting  meetings. 
The  Recruiting  Committees  in  London  get 
interested  in  the  matter  and  asked 
for       copies  of  these       papers.        For 

two  months  prior  to  the  outbreak  witness 
sent  a  weekly  file  of  these  papers  to  the  Ad- 
miralty and  to  the  Recruiting  Committee  in 
London.  He  also  brought  the  matter  up  at 
the  Dublin  City  and  County  Committee.  They 
made  a  very  serious  attack  on  one  of  the 
Dublin  priests,  Father  Doherty.  That  attack 
appeared  in  the  Irish  Worker,  and  witness 
sent  a  marked  copy  of  the  paper  to  Sir 
Matthew  Nathan.  Speaking  from  memory,  ib 
was  to  the  following  effect:  "His  Holiness 
the  Pope  does  not  ask  us  to  recruit ;  Cardinal 
Logue  does  not  ask  us  to  recruit ;  the  Arch- 
bishop does  not  ask  us  to  recruit  ;  but  here 
is  this  whipper-snapper  of  a  priest  asking  ns 
to  lay  down  our  lives  4ar  this  rvtten  Empire.  *• 
The  paper  also  stats&  ^.at  Father  Doherty 
had  a  brother  in  Dtftfeft  Csa^  as  a  sajcRd- 
class  messenger,  and  that  his  speech  was 
doubtless  made  for  the  purpose  of  getting  Li* 


122 


brother  promoted.  (Laughter.)  Witness 
mentioned  that  as  a  sample  of  what  was 
going  on  in  Dublin  for  the  last  twelve  months. 
The  "Committee  was  finding  it  increasingly 
difficult  to  get  speakers  for  meetings.  All 
the  attacks  on  speakers  at  recruiting  meet- 
ings were  marked,  and  the  papers  were  sent 
to  the  recruiting  authorities. 

MUCH    MORE    DARING. 

Witness  went  on  to  state  that  he  found  in 
his  recent  travels  through  Ireland  that  the 
Sinn  Feine?\s  had  become  much  more  daring. 
He  came  across  their  paid  organisers  on 
motor  bicycles  and  on  horseback  all  over  the 
country.  One  of  the  recruiting  committees 
reported  that  these  organisers  were  to  be 
found  at  fairs  and  markets,  and  that  they 
were  signing  on  the  people  not  to  fight  for 
England.  That  was  done  openly,  in  broad 
daylight.  That,  of  course,  had  been  reported 
by  witness  to  the  Admiralty. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — Have  you  ever  run 
up  against  Major  MacBride?  Yes.  There 
are  two  towns  in  the  West  of  Ireland  only 
forty  miles  apart — Ballina  and  Westport. 
Ballina  did  splendidly  in  recruiting.  Then 
you  go  to  Westport  and  you  cannot  get  re- 
cruits. We  were  told  that  Major  MacBride 
dominates  the  place.  At  Ballina  we  were 
taken  to  the  recruiting  meeting  by  a  brass 
band  and  a  torchlight  procession.  My  experi- 
ence in  the  West  of  Ireland  is  that  the  towns 
are  fighting  foi   their  country. 

TOO     FAT     AND     PROSPEROUS. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — The  country 
people  are  doing  extremely  well  with  ther 
farms,  and  are  not  anxious  to  lose  their 
money  ?  Yes.  They  are  too  fat  and  pros- 
perous. A  great  many  farmers'  sons  are  join- 
ing the  Sinn  Fein  movement,  and  using  it  as 
a  kind  of  umbrella  in  excuse  for  not  fighting. 

If  the  farmers  enlisted  would  there  be  diffi- 
eulty  in  getting  labour;  is  their  labour  essen- 
tial? It  is  not  "ssential  in  France  I  found 
a  number  of  women  working  hard  in  the 
fields  in  Coleraine  and  district.  In  County 
Down  I  found  fifty  men  of  military  a^e  who 
were  doing  nothing  but  driving  carls  contain- 
ing seaweed. 

The  Chairman — How  are  you  getting  on 
now  ;  are  you  ftill  recruiting?  No,  I  hav* 
returned  to  private  life  and.  given  up  recruit- 
ing. (Laughter.)  We  found  as  tme  went 
on  that  the  Sinn  Feiners  were  getting  more 
diring,  and  our  work  was  getting  more  diffi- 
cult. 

Have  you  done  successfully  in  recruiting 
for  the  Navy  Yea.  1  don 'J  think  tf.N?re  in 
the  same  prejudice  against  the  Navy  as  the 
Army.  We  had  a  fine  meeting  at  Westport, 
although  wc  did  not  Ret  any  recruits. 
(Laughter.)  There  were  five  or  six  hundred 
in  the  hall  of  military  ago,  and  they  did  not 
interrupt.  I  asked  them  if  (Lev  wanted  to 
fight  fdr  Ireland,  and  they  -i'd  ".Yen."  I 
then  toll  thcrn  UM  th(vv  could  not  fight  fot 
Ireland  without  tho  Navy,  and  they  agreed. 
(Laughter.) 


COLONEL  SIR  JOHN  ROSS  OF  BLADENS- 
BURfi,  LATE  OF  D.M.P. 

At  the  sitting  of  the  Commission  on  Mon- 
day, 29th  May, 

Colonel  Sir  John  Boss  of  Bladensburg,  until 
lately  Chief  Commissioner  of  the  Dublin 
Metropolitan  Police,  was  examined.  He  read 
a  long  statement  dealing  with  the 
events  which  culminated  in  the  rebellion. 
Ihe  landing  of  arms  at  Howth  on  26th  July, 
1914,  he  said,  was  an  event  which  was  inti- 
mately connected  with  it,  but  before  he  dealt 
with  that  event  he  thought  it  would  be  well 
to  allude  to  a  few  matters  that  occurred  pre- 
viously. First — The  Government  allowed  the 
Arms  Act  to  lapse  in  1906,  and  thereby 
everyone  in  Ireland  was  enabled  to  arm.  This 
appeared  to  witness  to  be  an  extraordinary 
step  for  any  Gorernment  to  take,  and,  as 
Irelard  was  divided  into  many  factions,  all 
having  different  ideals  and  aspirations,  to 
give  them  an  invitation  to  arm  themselves 
seemed  like  a  suggestion  to  bring  a  lighted 
candle  into  a  powder  magazine.  The  repeal 
of  the  Act  benefited  no  one,  and  was  of  cj 
public  utility.  Secondly — There  had  been  a 
great  deal  of  labour  unrest  in  Dublin  in  re- 
cent years,  which  culminated  in  a  number  of 
serious  strikes  in  1913,  headed  by  Larkin  and 
Connolly,  a  very  prominent  leader  in  the  re- 
cent rebellion.  The  D.M.P.  had  great  diffi- 
culty in  preserving  order.  There  were  nume- 
rous riots  and  ccnsiderable  unrest;  but  by 
firm  action  disorder  was  suppressed. 

THE  SACKVILLE   STREET  RIOT. 

On  31st  August  a  meeting  was  announced  to  be 
held  in  Sackville  street,  close  to  the  head  office 
of  the  Tramways  Company,  many  of  the  em- 
ployes of  that  company  being  involved  in  the 
strike.  The  meeting  was  proclaimed.  Never- 
theless, Larkin  attempted  to  hold  it,  and  he 
was  arrested.  A  riot  ensued,  which  was  soon 
quelled,  but  in  the  meler,  which  was  natural, 
some  people  were  unfortunately  hurt.  There- 
upon the  Dublin  Corporation  demanded  that 
an  inquiry  should  be  held  into  the  action  of 
the.  police  Although  it  was  in  the  midst  of 
the  unrest,  the  demand  was  immediately  ac- 
ceded to  by  the  Irish  Government,  and  be- 
fore they  got  any  report  from  the  police.  As 
a  matter  of  fict,  the  first  official  intimation 
witness  had  that  an  inquiry  was  to  be  held 
was  about  two  months  later,  when  Lord 
Aberdeen  wrote  to  say  he  thought  it  might 
soon  take  place.  Witness  had  an  opportunity 
of  seeing  Mr.  Birrell  in  October,  and  com- 
plained of  this  hasty  way  of  condemning  the 
police  bft-'ore  anything  could  be  doae.  It 
appeared  to  witness  that  this  throwing  OTir 
of  the  psJiS*  waa  »  weak  proceeding,  calcu- 
lated to  bring  aUcrct  further  disorder,  and 
that  it  would  easily  persuade  the  disorderly 
that  the  Government  was  afraid  to  resist 
them.  The  result  of  that  inquiry  was  that 
the  action  of  the  police  was  held  to  be  justi- 
fied. 

THE  STRIKERS   DRILLING. 
Ttb^'.J'  —  Lster      it     came      to      his     kpjyv. 
redge       *^>*^        the        strikers        were        be- 
ginning      to       dirlL  lie       submitted       & 


1S3 


detailed  report  on  ihe  subject,  which 
he  forwarded  to  the  Government  with  a 
minute  of  his  own.  in  that  he  said  that  it  was 
the  first  occasion  in  his  experience  that  an 
organisation  of  a  semi-military  character  had 
been  formed  in  Ireland.  He  requested  instruc- 
tions before  the  movement  became  stronger. 
In  reply  he  was  told  to  keep  the  matter  under 
observation,  and  to  furnish  further  reports.  A 
few  weeks  later  he  had  to  write  again,  saying 
that  more  men  seemed  to  be  enrolling,  and 
that  seme  ot  them  were  carrying  hurleys.  He 
repeated  his  first  request  and  got  a  similar 
reply.  Connolly  had  said  that  they  were  arm- 
ing for  the  purpose  of  resisting  the  violence  of 
the  police,  who  were,  he  declared,  in  the  clock. 
That  took  place  in  November,  and  the  inquiry 
took  place  in  December.  On  1st  July,  1914. 
another  report  was  submitted  relative  to  the 
so  called  Citizen  Army,  some  of  whom  paraded 
in  uniform  with  side-arms  and  a  disused  type 
of  Herman  bayonet.  In  reply  a  somewhat 
similar  instruction  was  given — to  keep  the 
movement  under  observation,  and  to  get  the 
names  and  addresses  of  the  men. . 

THE  LANDING  AT  HOWTH. 
Then  came  the  landing  of  arrriv  nt 
Howth  on  Sunday,  26th  July,  1914, 
which,  as  he  had  already  said,  was 
closely  connected  with  the  rebellion.  He  did 
not  think  until  this  landing  that  arms  were  in 
possession  of  any  irregular  forces  in  the  Dublin 
police  area,  which  covered  not  only  the  city 
but  a  portion  of  the  County  of  Dublin,  about 
35  square  miles  in  all.  He  found,  however,  a 
report  of  drilling  by  armed  Volunteers,  made 
on  161  h  July,  1914  That  was  the  first  time 
in  which  drilling  with  arms  was  observed  in 
Imblin.  Cut  the  arivs  carried  on  the  16th 
July  consisted  only  of  four  rifles  and  six 
dummies.  The  introdudion  of  arms,  after  t!ie 
lapse  of  the  Arms  Act,  was  easily  accom- 
plished. The  points  he  wished  to  make  were 
— First,  that  the  Government  viewed  with 
alarm  the  facilities  afforded  to  those  organisa- 
tions to  arm  themselves,  and  they  attempted 
to  prevent  the  importation  of  arms  into  the 
country  under  Customs  regulations.  Arms 
that  were  henceforth  landed  were  seized  and 
forfeited.  Arms  that  were  not  imported 
illegally  could  not  be  touched.  The  Dublin 
Metropolitan  Police  had  several  times  been 
called  upon  to  assist  in  carrying  <  ut  the  Cus- 
toms   regulations. 

THE  LARNE  GUN-RUNNINC. 
Some  arms  were  smuggled  into  the 
North  of  Ireland,  and  they  i*-ere 
Becretly  and  unostentatiously  distributed.  That 
proceeding  was,  of  course,  very  wrong,  i  ut  *he 
authority  of  the  Government  was  not  defied. 
But  the  secrecy  with  which  those  arms  were 
landed  and  distributed  testif*.  vi  that  those  im- 
porting them  did  not  -wish  to  ,orae  into  colli- 
sion with  the  police.  As  soct  as  tne  arms 
aisapt-c-tved  frtsK.  *«t»  p^rt  c»f  landing  ihe 
police  were  unaole  to  discover  their  v\  bfcre- 
abouts.  Some  arms  were  illegally  landed  in 
Ireland,  and  hence  whVn  persons  got  arms 
in  that  way  the  Customs  regulations  had  litti© 


effect,  and  the  R.I.C.  had  special  instructions 
£.s  to  how  to  deal  with  such  persons  and-  their 
aims  when  caught.  Owing  to  the  way  in 
wiiich  the  landing  had  been  conducted  in  the 
North  cf  Ireland,  the  police  had  not  been  able 
to  put  their  instru-:Mo.ns  irito  force, and  the  arms 
remained  in  possession  of  their  owners.  The 
course  at  Howth  differed  altogether  from 
the  method  of  the  landing  in  the  North. 
At  Howth  the  arms  were  ostentatiously  landed 
in  daylight,  and  the  Constabulary  there,  as 
well  as  the  coastguard  officers,  were  over- 
powered with  violence.  The  body  then  marched 
on  to  Dublin  with  their  illegally  imported 
arms. 

MR.  HARREL'S  ACTION. 
Witness  said  he  wished  to  say  that  the  land- 
ing of  arms  at  Howth  was  in  open  violation  of 
the  law.  Mr.  Harrel,  then  Assistant  Commis- 
sioner of  the  DM. P.,  having  heard  of  the 
events  at  Howth,  and  that  the  Constabulary 
were  overpowered  there,  went  with  a  large 
body  of  police,  as  it  was  his  duty  to  do,  and 
eventually  succeeded  in  taking  some  of  the 
rifles  illegally  landed  there  from  the  men 
engaged  in  this  disorderly  conduct.  The  next 
day— that  is  Monday,  27th  July— Mr.  Harrel 
gave  me  a  detailed  report  on  the  matter,  and 
I  forwarded  it  to  the  Irish  Government  with 
my  own  minute.  It  was  as  follows: — "Under 
Secretary.  ■  I  beg  to  point  out  that  this  giu* 
running  operation  of  the  National  Volunteers* 
differed  from  any  other  yet  attempted  in 
Ireland.  Dp  to  now,  at  all  events,  those  busy 
in  getting  arms  for  themselves  have  acted 
surreptitiously,  and  not,  as  was  done  yes- 
terday, in  broad  daylight,  and  in 
face  of  the  police.  I  further  draw  at- 
tention to  the  fact  (the  report  continued)  that 
the  National  Volunteers  yesterday  were  found 
in  possession  of  arms  which  had  been  landed 
at  Howth  in  defiance  of  a  proclamation,  and 
there  wis  ample  evidence  to  identify  the  wea- 
pons they  were  carrying  with  those  illegally 
landed  at  Howth.  It  appears,  moreover,  that 
a  body  of  more  than  1,000  men,  marching  -upon 
Dublin,  which  is  the  seat  of  the  Irish  Govern- 
ment, is  a  menace  to  the  King's  Government, 
and  such  a  body  constituted  an  unlawful  as- 
sembly of  a  peculiarly  audacious  character. 
The  police  have  been  instructed  to  assist  in 
carrying  out  a  proclamation  which  prohibits 
the  carrying  of  rifles  in  Ireland,  and  it  was 
held,  therefore,  to  be  their  dutv  to  take  rifle;, 
which  had  just  been  landed  at  Howth  by  force 
and  in  defirrce  of  the  Government  proclama- 
tion. YestfrJav,  Ac^'?vei">  a  minute  was  sent 
by  yr-u  to  th&  Aisr«innt  Commissioner, 
which  appears  to  me  to  alter  the 
instructions  previously  given  to  the  police. 
1  beg,  therefore,  to  request  His  Excellency's 
directions  in  the  matter  in  order  that  it  may 
be  made  plain  how  in  the  future  tW  police 
are  to   act  i»  face  of  n  proclamation."* 

A  BE!  \7?H>  fc  INUTE. 
"Fib*  Under  Hfes  *«e»Vs  minute  that 
ibis  referred  to  vas  received  b7 
Mr.  Barrel  about  5.' '5  p.m.,  when  h* 
was  returning  to  D\  blin  after  hayfcjj 
takee   riU^j  from  some'  *'  the  men  who  %*w 


134 


•anying  them,  and  after  having  dispersed  an 
unlawful  assembly.  It  was  not  addressed  to 
.urn  (witness),  although  the  Under  Secretary 
«tated  at  the  subsequent  inquiry  that  he  knew 
:liat  witness  was  in  his  office.  The  minute 
was  as  follow?: — "To  the  Assistant  Commis- 
sioner. As  retards  the  ste^A  which  you  have 
taken  on  your  own  responsibility  to  deal  with 
the  anus  landed  at  Hovvth  this  morning,  His 
Excellency  has  advised  that  forcible  disarma- 
ment of  the  men  now  marching  on  Dublin 
should  not,  in  all  the  circumstances,  be  at- 
tempted, but  the  nam"*!  of  the  men  carrying 
arms  should,  as  far  as  possible,  be  taken,  and 
a  watch  kept  to  ascertain  the  desti- 
nation of  arms  illegally  imported.  His  Excel- 
lency cannot  authorise  any  further  steps  in 
this  matter  at  present."  That  was  initialled 
"  J.   B.   D.,"  the  then  Under  Secretary. 

MR.     HARREL'S    SUSPENSION. 

It  was  true,  remarked  witness,  that  the  Under 
Secretary,  having  first  concurred  with  Mr.  Har- 
rel's  plan  of  action,  later  on  changed  his 
mind,  but  two  hours  elapsed  before  that 
change  of  mmd  was  notified  tc  Mr.  Harrel. 
If  it  had  been  communicated  at  once  it  wfdld 
have  reached  Mr.  Harrel  long  before  any 
contact  with  the  gun-runners  took  place. 
This  delay  was  one  of  the  mysteries  which 
had  never  yet  been  explained.  Mr.  HarreFs 
account  of  the  Hovvth  landing  of  irms  and 
witness's  covering  minute  w.jre  in  the  Under 
Secretary's  possession  the  following  day. 
Witness's  minute,  at  least,  was  telegraphed 
to  the  Chief  Secretary — at  Pil  events  Mr. 
Birrell  told  him  he  got  it  at  6  p.m.  that  day, 
but  long  before  that — at  3  p.m. — Mr.  Harrel 
had  received  a  communication  informing  him 
that  he  was  suspended. 

SIR    JOHN    ROSS'S    RESIGNATION. 

Under  these  circumstances  he  (witness) 
immediately  resigned  m  the  following  let- 
ter : — 

"  Dear  Lor.n  Aberdeen, — It  has  just  been 
reported  to  me  that,  Mr.  Harrel,  my  Assist- 
ant Commissioner,  has  been  suspended  from 
office  and  dutit-s  by  order  of  Your  Excellency. 
This,  1  beg'  to  say,  >n  the  case  of 
;m  officer  in  his  position  amounts  to  a  deter- 
mination of  his  office.  No  explanation  has 
been  given  to  me  of  the  reasons  for  placing 
such  an  indignity  upon  him  and  the  force.  I 
feel  that  the  course  pursued  with  reference  to 
Mr.  Harrel  so  riefiph  affects  myself  that  under 
the  circumstances  I  am  compelled  to  ask  your 
Excellency  to  relieve  me  from  my  office  and 
duties." 

Witness  wenl  on  to  say  thai  fie  found  it  was 
quite  impossible  lo  remain  under  the  Irish 
(lovernrnenl  after  what  had  been  done 
t  i  Mr  Harrel.  Not  only  was  Mr. 
Harrel  condemned  in  the  manner  stated, 
and  I  efure  hif  ow  n  versn  n  of  t  ne 
etory  *hd  witness's  notes  could  be  con- 
sidered,  but  oC'aei  reasons  weighed  with  wit- 
tie  <'n  account  ol  the  exigencies  of  the' 
moment  and  the  critical  state  of  public  .-.''fairs, 
which  in  a  very  t<-  v  dayp  culminated  in  th« 
«jutLaeai»  ot  the  great  European  rar,  witness 


remained  at  his  post  until  relieved  by  the  Lord 
Lieutenant.  During  those  few  days  two  appli- 
cations for  the  return  of  rifles  seized  by  Mr. 
Harrel  were  received,  but  witness  could  not 
say  whether  that  request  had  been  complied 
with.  In  July,  1914,  there  was  only  one  set 
of  Volunteers,  known  as  the  Irish  National 
Volunteers,  but  it  was  a  fact  that  some  of  the 
men  who  conducted  the  gun-running  at  Howth 
belonged  to  the  extreme  section. 

AN    ACT    OF    1N»  JSTICE. 

The  inquiry  took  place  early  in 
August,  and  a  few  months  later  Mr. 
Harrel  was  removed  from  the  Irish 
public  service,  and  so  his  career  was  broken 
and  his  usefulness  was  lost.  Witness  begged 
leave  to  state  that  in  his  opinion  an  act  of 
injustice  had  been  committed,  and  this  was 
the  more  remarkable  because  he  believed  h's 
was  the  first  occasion  that  an  Irish  public 
servant  had  be».n  sacrificed  to  public  clamour. 
The  Irish  ^ ivil  Service  suffered,  and  its 
efficiency  Tuufi  have  been  impaired,  for  it  —as 
impossible  that  men  could  do  their  ^uty  fear- 
lessly and  impartially  and  uKofully 
miles*  they  had  confidence  in  their  superiors. 
He  always  held  the  opinion  that  the  armed 
force  which  overpowered  the  Customs  officers 
at  Howth  and  marched  on  Dublin  was 
obviously  an  unlawful  assembly  which  a  magis- 
trate was  bound  lo  disperse,  and  he  would  le- 
tain  that  opinion  until  the  contrary  was  de- 
cided by  a  competent  authority.  He  held  that 
the  action  of  the  Executive  in  removing  aa 
official  who  did  his  duly  prevented  all  public 
servants  from  acting  with  resolution,  and  was 
the  essential  cause  of  the  recent  rebellion. 

A  QUESTION   OF   INSTRUCTIONS. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman  (to  Sir  John 
Rosa) — Before  the  Howth  incident,  were 
instructions  issued  to  police  inspectors 
as  to  the  circumstances  under  which 
they  could  call  in  military  aid?  Instructions 
were  given  to  the  Irish  Constabulary, 
but  not  to  us.  These  instructions  were  vital 
to  the  inquiry  that  was  held,  and  they  were 
to  be  embodied  in  it,   but  they   were  not. 

They  must  be  in  writing  somewhere?  They 
were  written,  but  I  have  never  seen  them. 
We  all  wanted  to  see  them. 

It   may   be  that  they  do  not   exist. 

Mr.   Harrel — I  am   aware    that  they  exist. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman — Can  you  tell  me  of 
any  occasion  on  which  the  military  had  been 
called  in  to  assist  the  police?  Yes.  during 
the  riots  of  1913  we  had  the  military  fre- 
quently ready,  but  we  only  called  them  out 
once. 

COMMANDER  W.  V.  HARREL. 

Mr.  W.  V.  Harrel,  late  Assistant  Commis- 
sioner in  the  Dublin  Metropolitan  Police, 
and  now  a  Commander  in  the  Royal  Naval 
Reserve,  having  detailed  the  periods  of  bis 
public  service  went  on  to  say  that  he  at- 
tributed the  rece'it  outbreak  to,  in  the  first 
instance,  the  existence  ;t  all  times  of  on  ex- 
treme party  in  Ireland,  who  wore  always 
ready,  directly  or  through  Irish- 
American    channels,    to    give    trouble    on    ie- 


18i> 


ceiving  financial  and  other  assistance.  Their 
settled  policy  had  been  for  years  to  join,  and 
if  possible  control,  any  organisation  or 
movement  which  might  reasonably  be  ex- 
pected to  strike  at  constitutional  authority. 
Witness  was  aware  that  there  were  communi- 
cations between  persons  in  Dublin  and  others 
in  America,  and  he  considered  that  these 
communications  were  being  influenced  by 
Germans  in  America.  Some  of  the  persons 
who  were  prominently  connected  with  the 
recent  outbreak  were  also  connected  with 
the  societies  that  were  formed  during  the 
South  African  War,  notably  Major  MacBride. 
He  formed  the  Irish  Brigade  in  South  Africa 
which  fought  against  the  Britisl  troops. 
Later  there  were  other  suspicious  circum- 
stances that  came  to  the  notice  of  witness, 
and  led  him  to  believe  that  the  people  in 
Ireland  were  being  influenced  in  favour  of 
Germany;  but  of  course  a  good  many  of 
those  documents  he  should  not  care  to  lefer 
to.  Jn  the  second  place,  he  thought  the  re- 
peal of  the  Peace  Preseivation  Act  had  a 
good  deal  to  do  with  the  outbreak.  Sa*ve 
for  sentimental  reasons,  there  was  no  reason 
for  its  repeal,  against  which  witness  re- 
ported at  the  time  to  the  Under  Secretary, 
then  Lord  MacDonnell.  That  Act  applied  to 
all  Ireland,  but  it  was  only  put  in  force  by 
proclamation  of  the  Lord  Lieutenant,  and  it 
was  not  of  necessity  imposed  on  the  country 
at  large,  nor  even  on  whole  counties,  but 
might  be  imposed  on  portions  of  counties. 
Witness  mentioned  to  Lord  M*.  much  his 
objections  to  the  repeal  of  the  /;r;l,  and  he 
asked  witness  to  put  them  in  writing.  He 
did  so,  and  went  fully  into  the  matter. 
Lord  MacDonnell  sent  witness's  report 
to  the  law  officers  and  asked  thern  if 
what  witness  had  stated  was  tht  case.  They 
replied  that  he  had  accurately  stated  the  law 
on  the  subject. 

THE    LARKINiTE   CONSPIRACY. 

Witney  proceeded  to  refer  to  the  failure  <*f 
the  Government  to  enforce  the  law  in  the  rirly 
stages  of  the  Larkinite  conspiracy  in  Dublin 
from  1908  to  1913,  when  it  was  found'  hat  't 
was  not  a  genuine  labour  movement  but  me 
Lwttile  to  law  and  order.  W.'lness  said  that 
he  thoroughly  agreed'  wim  the  remarks  of  Sir 
John  Ross  i»  regard  to  the  failure  of  the  Go- 
vernment to  support  the  Dublin  Metropolitan 
Police  during  the  labour  tvourhs.  1  he  work 
of  the  police  during  that  •period  was  very 
laborious,  but  it  \vas  well  and  cheerfully  done. 
It  was  felt  that  it  was  a  inflection  on  taiem 
to  order  an  inquiry  to  be  held  when  tl.ey  had 
carried'  out  the  orders  of  the  Government. 
'Ibere  was  a  sort  of  impression  that  tne  ,jro- 
leedings  taken  by  the  police  to  prevent  the 
unlasvful  meeting  in  Sackville  street  were 
taken  by  the  police  themselves.  That  wq.i  not 
bo.  Everything  was  done  t-y  order  of  the  Go- 
vernment. 

OUTRIDE    ADVICE. 

The  Chairman — By  the  Under  Secretary! 
¥es.  1  swore  the  information  on  \.hicvi  the 
magistrates'  proclamation  was  issued.  Witness 
then  proceeded'  to  relate  how  trouble  occurred 


in  Sackville  street,  how  Larkin  wax  arrested, 
and  almost  immediately  released  aiter  being 
convicted  by  a  Dublin  jury  and  sentenced. 
"Of  late  years,"  continued  witness,  "there 
was  a  tendency  on  the  part  of  the  Government 
to  rely  on  the  advice  of  outsidj  forces  rather 
than  that  supplied  by  the  J4  IL-ft.  Ihe  Govern- 
roprijt  undoubtedly  accepted  bcth,  but  it  was 
quite  clear  that  in  many  ea,<<es  advice  was 
given  not  in  agreement  with  th  it  given  by  ths 
police,  and  he  had  some  reason  to  bekeve  that 
it  was  accepted — on  police  makers.  Towards 
the  end  of  1913  the  Irish  National  Volunteers 
were  formed.  There  was  a  public  meeting 
held  on  November  25,  rirpsiilct-f  over  by  John 
McNeill,  and  on  that  <rrc-a<i.'on  a  strong  con- 
tingent of  the  Transport  Workers'  Union  at- 
tended. Following  that  the  pror  la  .nation 
against  the  introduction  of  arms  v,  as  issued.  » 

THE     GOVERNMENT     AM^      GUN-RUNNING. 

As  regards  the  actual  gun-running 
at  Howth  the  condition  of  affairs  then 
existing  was  that  the  National  Volunteers  Had 
been  increasing  their  membership,  and  that  "' 
the  spring  Mr.  Redmond  had  made  proposals 
for  assuming,  in  any  case  partial  control. 
From  what  I  knew  as  to  some  persons  con- 
trolling the  movement  I  had  doubts  if  they 
would  succeed.  But  up  to  the  time  of  the 
gun-running  there  was  no  political  diffe- 
rence— there  was  no  actual  breach  between 
the  two  parties.  1  had  irdsrviews  with  Sir 
James  Dougherty  and  the  Law  Officers,  and 
1  always  understood  that  the  Government  took 
a  serious  view  of  the  gun-running  in  the  North 
of  Ireland'.  Some  we;ks  before  the 
Howth  gun-running  witness  was  one  morning 
sent  for  by  the  Under  Secretary,  and  went 
to  discuss  with  him  some  information  that 
had  been  obtained  as  to  the  possible  landing 
of  arms,  which  seemed  at  the  time,  from  the 
information  at  the  Under  Secretary's  disposal, 
to  be  more  or  less  imminent.  Pie  told  the 
Under  Secret^r^  *>~-.*t  he  thought  it  would  be 
a  very  good  t--ng  if  there  was  a  conference 
of  the  police,  the  military  authorities,  and 
the  coastguards  as  to  what  snould  be  done, 
because,  so  far  as  witness  could  see,  no  one 
understood  what  fu-s  clutifs  or  responsibilities 
were.  Witness  said  :  "  Suppose  these  arms 
were  landed  in  the  early  morning,  and  J  larize 
number  of  men  assembled,  what  could  a  few 
unarmed  Dublin  police  do?  Now,  ]  think  in 
that  case  we  would  have  to  get  military  as- 
sistance." He  said,  somewhat  doubtfully: 
"I  suppose  so"  "Well,"  said  witness. 
"  would  it  not  be  wt1!  to  d:mss  the  matte< 
with  General  Friend,  be?  .cs  i  if  such  a  thin* 
occurs  as  a  sadden  lauding  of  arms  it  wouiu 
be  well  to  have  some  military  ready  ar>«- 
some  orders  and  understanding  abaut  it,  and 
in  such  case  it  would  be  nec-ssaiy  to  have  a 
special  plan."  At  the  time  witness  wae 
only  thinking  of  his  own  d'Hrict,  arid  w&j 
n«.  thiriki-g  of  Howth.  St:  far  as  witness 
couid  see,  Aie  Un  iei  S*r~~st*'«v  f*  agreed  w»wc 
him  thai  it  w«s  a  good  idea.  /;; 
that  time  there  were  gun  boa's  and  torpedo 
beat  destroyers  up  and  down  t"  e  coast,  whwl 
showed    that   the   matf,er    we*   a  «c~oua  oru 


in  the  view  of  the  Government  at  that  time, 
and  that  they  wished  the  proclamation  to  be 
enforced. 

A  MOTOR  CAR  SEARCHED. 
There  was  a  gentleman  L,  Dublin  at 
that  time  who  was  suspectso  of  being  en- 
gaged in  the  importing  of  arms,  and  his 
motor  car  was  stopped  anc  searched  by  a 
coastguard  officer,  and  a  question  was  put  in 
Parliament  to  the  First  Lord  of  the  Irea- 
Bury  about  it — as  to  the  right  of  the  coast- 
guards to  do  this,  and  what  authority  they 
acted  upon.  The  First  Lord  said  that  the 
vehicle  was  searched  ii.  consequence  of  a  re- 
port that  some  arms  had  beei  landed  in  the 
locality,  and  that  the  duties  were  imposed 
on  "the  coastguards  by  the  Cus- 
toms laws.  To  a  further  question  suggesting 
that  there  was  a  diffeie-nce  between  the  treat- 
ment of  persons  in  the  Co.  Dublin  and  those 
in  the  northern  counties,  and  that  the  im- 
portation at  Lame  was  permitted  without  let 
or  hindiance  from  the  coastguards  or  anyone 
else,  tfje  First  Lord  of  the  Admiralty  repned  : 
'  1  can  only  &>ay  that  it  will  always  be  the 
duty  and  should  be  a  point  of  honour  with 
every  person  serving  under  the  Crown  in  an 
official  capacity  to  maintain  the  law  of  the 
hind   impartially   in-  all  circumstances." 

AN  ir-iCSDENT  AT  HOWTH. 
Then  followed  the  Howth  gun-running,  con- 
tinued witness,  and.  as  he  had  said,  he  never 
find  anv  dourtts  that  the  terms  of  the  proclama- 
tion would  be  enforced.  He  would  like  to 
diaw  attention  to  an  incident  which  took 
place  at  Howth  when  the  gun  runners  as- 
sembled to  the  number  of  1,000  or  1,200.  The 
coastguards  at  Rowth  endeavoured  to  do  their 
datv  and  prevent  the  carrying  away  of  arms, 
and  one  coastguard  was  struck  on  the  head 
with  a  rifle,  ana  a  Volunteer  held  his  revolver 
to  the  breasts  of  four  other  coastguards,  and 
threatened  to  fire  if  they  endeavoured  to  send 
h  message  for  assistance.  Ihe  chief  officer 
Jonrtd  that  the  wires  had  been  tampered  with, 
tnd  had  to  eend  a  coastguard  in  plain  clothes 
with  a  message  to  DuWI'n.  Ihe  police  who 
ittenq.ted  to  occupy  the  pier  were  stopped 
tiv  a  number  of  mer,  who  had  diawn  them- 
selves across  it.  and  were  aimed  with  heavy 
Hub*  hr-.n_'"i.-  From  their  wrists  with  leather 
thongv  These  men  had  assembled  to  take 
q  \:\\  l^e  rfles  lv  force,  and  they  reitainly 
v.-eie  violent  >n  what  Ihey  did.  The  police  at 
Howth  ucie  power!  -■  to  do  anything.  'J  hey 
followed  thc-c  Vj'ii'i'ifis  with  the  rifles,  and 
aitimafelv  «ere  with  them  when  witness  met 
diem  ht  Mahliih-  mad  In  taUimj  the  action 
:h  it  he  did  in  that  or 'avion  lie  never  had  the 
iliohtest  dotihl  that  it  was  his  duty  to  iriter- 
Jere  at  •  |  I  M  ■    -   i  en]  le,  as  he  always 

indeistood  that  if  persons  wen-  in  possession 
of  art*?  o-  f.'iln"  orlenftive  wear-ons  it  was 
die  duty  of  tin-  pol:  '■  to  disarm  them. 

CALLINC    CUT    THE   TROOPS. 

As  regarded  the  calling  out  of  t  Le 
hocfg,  he  was  one  of  the  per- 
m  (,.s  h  Ii  i  •■■ '  i  e  sj  '■'•!  illy  -if  f  1 1  i  ised  to 
jo     so.      Ihe     iL.tut     lti.yal     Commission 


in  their  report  stated  that,  "  It  appears  to  be 
clear  he  (Mr.  Harrelj  had  from  the  first  re- 
solved to  invoke  the  assistance  of  the  mili- 
tary in  the  operations  which  he  contemplated." 
That  was  not  quite  correct.  He  supposed 
that  ooinion  was  based  on  his  instructions 
whick  were  given,  when  he  heard  of  this 
matter,  to  his  superintendent  to  warn  ths 
military.  That  was  done  invariably  when 
anything  serious  waj  likely  to  arise,  and  had 
nothing  whatever  to  do  with  the  ultimate 
calling  out  of  the  troops.  Later  on,  in  a 
few  minutes,  he  did  see  the  necessity  of  having 
armed  forces  to  protect  his  men,  and  he  then 
instructed  the  superintendent  to  try  and  get 
the  military  on  the  telephone.  He  could  not 
do  so.  He  then  endeavoured,  also  without 
success,  to  get  the  R.l.C.  Depot  in  the  Lark, 
but  he  could  get  numbers  of  other  places, 
whether  by  accident  or  design  he  did  not 
know.  Witness  then  telephoned  to  the  Kil- 
dare  street  Club,  on  the  chance  of  getting 
into  communication  with  General  Capper.  It 
so  happened  the  General  was  there,  but  wit- 
ness had  no  previous  knowledge  that  he  was 
there. 

Mr.  Justice  Shearman  intimated  that  it 
would  not  be  necessary  for  witness  to  detail 
all  the  events  of  that  day,  as  they  were  al- 
ready on  record,  and  in  anv  event  they  were 
not- within  the  scope  of  the  present  inquiry, 
save  in  so  far  as  -they  were  reflected  on  the 
recent  rebellion. 

SOME    OF    THE   CHIEF    ACTORS. 

Witness  said  the  only  reason  he  mentioned 
the  fact  about  the  Kildare  street  Club  was 
that  it  was  an  important  factor  subse- 
quently, strange  as  it  might  seem.  He 
went  on  to  refer  to  the  composition  of  the 
body  of  men  carrying  rifles  from  Howth  to 
Dublin.  Amongst  them  were  some  of  the  men 
who  had  been  prominently  identified  with  the 
rebellion.  Thomas  J.  Clarke  and  .John 
McDermott  were  going  about  in  motor  cars, 
evidently  organising  the  whole  tiling.  Darrel 
Figgis,  Buhner  Honson,  and  Professor  Mac- 
Dona  2h   were  also  there. 

Mr  Justice  Shearman — The  military  were 
called  OGt  because  the  police  were  unarmed, 
and  you   could   not   gfrt   the   K  1  C.  "      Yes. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — Was  the  action 
you  took  successful;  was  there  any  trouble? 
Very  little.  There  were  two  soldiers  wounded 
and  th'ee  Volunteers.  Twenty-five  idles 
sei/.ed. 

'J  he  soH'e<M  were  doing  nothing  except 
marching  back  when  they  weie  attacked?  No- 
thing whatever.  'lhey  had  been  dismissed 
by  me  from  duty  In  the  first  instance  when 
]  met  the  Volunteers  I  was  careful  rot  to 
hi  ina  the  soldiers  into  conflict  w  it  1 1  them,  and 
they  were  nut  brought  into  conflict  with  them. 
The  police  did  their  work  well,  but  when  the 
two  soldiers  were  wounded  there  was  a  slight 
conflict. 

CO"  ERNMENT   SERVANTS    IN   SECRET 
SOCIETIES. 
In  reply  to  further  questions  witness  st4fcd 
that  li\>ui  tune  to  time  during  the  i.  eiiod   m 


187 


which  he  was  Assistant  Commissioner  he  had 
occasion  to  make  investigations  in  reference 
to  secret  societies  and  dangerous  political  or- 
ganisations, and  it  came  to  his  knowledge  that 
persons  in  the  Government  service  belonged 
to  these  organisations 

Answering  Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers,  witness 
stated  that  during  the  labour  troubles  he  had 
on  several  occasion  reason  to  think  that  the 
police  were  in  danger,  and  he  ordered  them 
to  carry  revolvers.  There  was,  however,  no 
occasion  to  use  them. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — You  are  of  opinion 
that  there  are  instructions  somewhere  about 
the  gun-running?     I  have  no  doubt  of  it. 

But  they  wer-*  so  secret  that  they  were 
never  issued  to  the  police  ?  They  were  is- 
sued to  the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — That  is,  I 
suppose,  because  gun-running  was  likely 
to  take  place  in  their  district  and 
not  in  yours?  I  do  not  know;  -but 
by  law  they  have  some  powers  as 
Customs  officers  that  the  Dublin  police  have 
not.  They  were  told  in  their  instructions 
that  they  might  use  force,  and  I  know  that 
in  the  country  every  preparation  was  made 
for  their  doing  so. 

SIR  MORGAN  G'CONNELL. 

Sir  Morgan  O'Connell  was  next  called,  fe^d 
he  read  a  statement  in  which  he  .said  Iscatijh 
August,  1914,  on  the  outbreak  of  the  war,  the 
County  of  Kerry  was  absolutely  peaceful.  A 
good  number  ot  Volunteers  were  carrying  out 
drills  and  route  marches,  mostly  on  Sundays. 
At  that  time  there  were  not  many  arms  in 
the  county,  and  wherever  one  met  these 
bodies  on  the  roads  they  were  well  conducted, 
and  considerate  for  other  traffic.  Althoug  i 
the  Sinn  Fein  existed  in  Kerry  it  was  until 
May,  1915,  a  more  or  less  moribund  concern, 
with  no  real  vitality  or  following.  To  remedy 
that  state  of  affairs  the  heads  of  the  Sinn 
Fein  party  in  Dublin  determined  to  hold  a 
demonstration  in  Killarney  on  May  23,  1915. 
The  holding  of  that  meeting  was  advertised 
throughout  the  county.  Mr.  John  MacNeill 
was  billed  to  make  a  speech  and  to  person- 
ally enlist  recruits  for  the  Army  of  Ireland. 
He  (witness)  realised  that  the  authorities 
were  going  to  allow  that  demonstration  to 
take  place.  1  he  police  had  warned  the 
Government  of  the  object  of  the  demonstra- 
tion, and  stated  that  it  was  plainly  anti- 
recruiting    and    seditious. 

MESSAGE    TO    THE    LORD    LIEUTENANT. 

Witness  went  on  to  say — On  May 
22nd — the  Saturday  previous  to  the  Sun- 
day meeting— 1  telegraphed  to  the  Lord 
Lieutenant:  'A  meeting  under  auspices 
of  Sinn  Fein  party  is  to  be  held 
here  tomorrow,  calling  itself  a  football 
match,  but  with  the  perfectly  open  and 
avowed  intention  of  being  turned  into  an  anti- 
recruiting  meeting.  Will  Your  Excellency  (k> 
anything  to  stop  this?"  The  reply  1  received 
was  "  l'he  Lord  Lieutenant  is  not  a  1  vised  to 
prevent  meeting  referred  to  taking  place,  but 
U  ai 'V  breach  of  Delcnce  of  Realm  iie^uiations 


occurs  it  will  be  dealt  with  bv  Competent 
Military  Authority— (Signed),  Nathan."  After 
receiving  that  I  wired  to  His  Excellency :  "If 
you  will  have  all  special  trains  to  Kiilarney 
cancelled'  to-morrow  the  meeting  will  be  an 
absolute  failure,  and  we  can  quite  well  deal 
with  the  local  disaffected  party."  J  received 
no  reply  to  that  telegram  until,  I  think.  th* 
following  Thursday,  when  I  received  the  fal- 
lowing telegram—"  Your  telegram  has  oeec 
placed  before  His  Excellency — (Signed)  Secre- 
tary to  Lord  Lieutenant.'"  In  addition 
to  that  1  sent  a  copy  lo  the  Central  Recrnis- 
ing  Committee  of  Ireland  in  Dublin,  7b* 
Central  Recruiting  Committee  had  P*ssa  "m 
constant  correspondence  with  me  a  hour  recruit- 
ing in  Kerry.  J  telegraphed  to  them  to  see 
whether  they  could  use  any  influence  to  ge? 
this  thing  stopped.  The  Lord  Lieutenant"1  is 
president  of  the  Central  Recruiting  Council 
I  received  a  letter  stating  that  the  Council  had 
been  in  communication  with  General  Friend, 
but  nothing  would  be  done  to  stop  the  meeting. 
The  meeting  was  held  on  the  2&vS  May,  and 
Mr.  John  MacNeill  made  a  seditious  a nti  re- 
cruiting speech.  There  were  five  special  trains 
at.  cheap  fares  to  Killarney,  bringing 
thousands  of  country  people  to  '  hear  tin's 
speech,  as  well  as  some  500  armed  Sinn 
Fciners,  who  paraded  the  streets  all  day. 
whilst  the  whole  country  for  fen  miles  -..ound 
flocked   into  Killarnev   as   well. 

From  that  23rd  May,  1915,  Sinn 
Feinism  spread  in  Kerry  like  fire  on 
a  mountain.  Large  quantities  of  arms 
and  ammunition  found  their  way  into  the 
county.  Recruiting  meetings  still' continued  to 
be  held,  but  the  forces  against  recruiting  be- 
came more  and  more  hostile  The  last  recruit. 
ing  meeting  was  held  oir  the  25th  February, 
1916,  when  a  hostile  mob  of  Sinn  Feiusr-t, 
headed  by  a  band,  did  their  best  to  break  it 
up.  This  mob  was  led  by  a  local  J.P.  for  the 
County  Kerry,  and  it  took  the  authorises 
fourteen  days  to  make  up  their  minds  whether 
or  not  they  would  deprive  him  of  his  3.1*.  ship 
— he  sat  in  the  Killarney  Court  a  week  after 
this  anti-recruiting  meeting  The  authorities 
were  apparently  afraid  to' institute  any  legal 
proceedings  against  this  Sinn  Fein  inch,  as 
no   prosecutions   followed. 

ALIENS    IN     KERRY. 

It  is  more  than  probable,  continued 
witness,  that  the  German  connection 
Sinn  Ifeinhm  in  the  County  Kerry 
worked  through  an  alien  German  who"  acted 
as  manager  of  the  five  hotels  of  the  Great, 
Southern  and  Western  Railway  tompany. 
This  man  had  his  headquarters  in  Kerry,  l^pA 
there  was  a  hotel  in  Killarney  which  w  is  Tiade 
a  dumping  ground  for  alien  enemies, 
who  came  there  as  waiters.  '1  liese  under- 
studies were  from  time  to  time  interned,  •)«£ 
the  alien  manager  was  left  there  until  AprtL 
1915.  it  was  at  this  Ik/. -I  that  body  ws* 
arrested' — he  was  afterwards  shot  as  a  cpjr, 
The  manager  himself  was  ni  rested  at  th%* 
time,  but  was  subsequently  released,  aor 
returned     to     Killarney.  Dujing     the     rirtf- 

mne  months  of  the  war  much  German    mon*\ 


fh* 
with 

\va* 


U 


undoubtedly  found  its  way  into  Kerry.  I 
have  the  strongest  reason  to  be- 
lieve that  the  police  authorities  in  Kerry 
did  their  best  to  get  these  men  removed. 
Private  effort  to  get  this  alien  German  re- 
moved from  Killarney  was  quite  fruitless  foe- 
the  first  nine  months  of  the  war.  He  ap- 
peared to  have  powerful  friend's  at  Court.  At 
the  outbreak  of  the  war  he  was  allowed  to 
move  freely  through  Kerry,  but  subsequently 
he  was  restricted  to  moving  about 
only  on  a  police  pass.  In  witness's 
opinion,  Mr,  Biirell  and  his  Go- 
vernment were  entirely  responsible  for  the 
present  condition  of  affairs  in  Ireland  by  t.'itic 
criminal  neglect  of  ail  warnings  and  their  re- 
fusal to  take  any  steps  to  stop  sedition  and 
disloyalty  when  both  these  things  could  have 
been'  easily  put  an  end  to  in  their  earlier 
stages,  ami  by  allowing  John  MacNeill  and 
others  ir.  receipt  of  salaries  from  public  funds 
to  preach  open  and  avowed  treason.  Mr. 
Birrell  had  stated  that  trip]  by  jury  in  Irehnd 
wa'  a  farce.  A  far  greater  farce,  said  with  ass, 
in  rural  Ireland  was  trial  at  ordinary  petty 
sessions.  The  Government  had  appointed  to 
the  Commission  of  the  Peace  in  the  t'outh  of 
Ireland  scores  and  scores  of  men  who  were 
absolutely  unfitted  for  the  position,  and  who 
attended  petty  sessions  courts  solely  lor  the 
purpose  of  carrying  out  the  most  open  anf" 
flagrant  jobbery."  The  Roman  Catholic  Eufeop 
of  Kerry  had  over  and  over  again  protected 
in  the  strongest  possible  language  against  the 
open  corruption  at  petty  sessions.  Witness 
handed  in  a  copy  of  the  Bishop's  pastoral 
letter.  The  one  bright"  spot  in  this  deplorable 
chapter  of  Irish  history,  said  witness,  was  the 
unswerving  loyalty  tnd  devotion  to  cuty  of 
T.he  Royal  Irish  Constabulary.  They  knew 
the  country  and  the  people  ;  they  were  o'f  the 
people  themselves  ;  their  warnings  of  the 
trouble  that  everyone  knew  must  come  were 
unheeded! 

Sir  Morgan  O'Connell  related  an 
Incident  in  which  Sinn  Feirers  re- 
turning from  a  demonstration  in 
Castleisland  marched  through  Tralee  discbary 
ing  shots  in  the  air.  lie  also  told  JiC?*r 
recently  his  wife  and  he  were  standing  out- 
side the  cathedral  ;n  Killarney  when  some 
cli.ldren  gathered  about  them  and,  to  the 
tune  of  Tipperary.  sang  "  It's  a  wrong,  wrong 
thing  to  light  for  England."  (Laughter.)  In 
Kiliirncy  there  was  a  place  which  uas  really 
a  Kinii  /•'/in  club,  and  a  policeman  told  bin 
that  the  person  who  "ran"  it  sent  off  pa'ce-! 
of  seditious  literature  to  the  schools  h.  tiic 
country. 

Sir  Mackenzie  Chalmers — Who  distributes 
Ihem?  I  should  think  the  schoolmasters 
Witness  then  handed  in  a  document  which 
be  had  received  connecting  people  in  Dublin 
with  I  ho  anti  recruiting  campaign  in  the 
country. 

MAGISTRATES    AND    JOBS. 

In  reply  to  Mr.  Justice  Shearman,  w'trwaa 
ttated  that  the  Roman  Catholic  biship 
fiftive'y  used  his  influence  in  preserving  orcr'r. 
A/ter  the  outbreak  in  Dublin  be  went  to  i  ■ 


lordship  and  said  that  it  would  be  for  the 
peace  of  the  country  if  he  could  get  the 
£ir.,n  Fcincn  to  surrender  their  arms,  and 
he  used  his  influence,  which  had  great  weight, 
with  ihem.  In  Kerry  he  did  not  think  that 
there  was  a  single  Sinn  Fein  parish  priest. 
There  were  a  few  of  tiv  younger  clergy  who 
were  a  little  hot-headed,  perhaps.  With 
reference  to  the  licensing  cases  witness  stated 
that  every  case  was  heard  before  it  came  into 
court.  A  great  many  magistrates  seemed  to 
think  that  their  only  duty  was  to  do  jobs  for 
their  trends. 

The  witness  before  leaving  the  witness 
chair  begged  to  be  allowea  to  tell  a  little  story 
in  illustration  of  what  the  bishop  and  himself 
had  referred  to.  A  client,  he  said,  came  to 
a  solicitor  in  Killarney  to  engage  him  to 
appear  for  him  in  a  court  at  some  distance 
away.  They  were  negotiating  about  the  fee 
which  the  client  should  pay.  The  solicitor  men- 
tioned two  guineas.  "  Oh,"  replied  tho 
client.  "  I  can  get  two  magistrates  reaper 
than  that,"  and  so  the  solic'tor  was  not  em- 
ployed.    (Laughter.) 

COLONEL  MAURICE  MOORE. 

Colonel  Maurice  Moore  was  next  called. 

The  Chairman  said  the  Commissioners  had 
received  and  read  with  interest  a  statement 
from  Colonel  Moore,  and  in  due  course  copies 
of  it  would  be  furnished  to  all  the  members. 
It  was  not  considered  necessary,  however, 
that  it  should  be  read  in  public,  but  he  under- 
stood that  Colonel  Moors  would  like  to  make 
an  explanation  in  connexion  with  the  mention 
of  his  name  some  days  ago,  and  the  Commis- 
sion would  be  pleased  to  hear  him  on  that 
point. 

Colonel  Moore — As  my  statement  is  not 
going  to  be  read  in  public,  and  statements 
were  made  in  public  by  officials  and  others,, 
some  of  which  were  ludicrously  wrong  it, 
would  be  absurd  for  me  to  make  any  s  .•'  .- 
merit  at  all. 

The  Chairman  afterwards  stated,  in  r/vply 
to  a  question  from  the  Press,  that  Coionel 
Moore's  name  had  teen  mentioned  by  u  pre- 
vious witness,  and  that  be  had  been  allowed 
by  the  Commission  to  attend  to  make  a 
personal  statement,  and  nothing  else. 

SIR  JAMES  DOUGHERTY. 

The  Commission  sat  again  _t  Westminster 
on  Wednesday,  7th  June,  Sir  Jimes  Dougherty, 
a  former  Under-Secretary  for  Ireland,  giving 
evidence.  Sir  James  said  he  was  Under- 
Secretary  for  Ireland  from  July,  1903,  to 
October,  1914.  lie  went  to  Dublin  Castle 
in  1895,  when  he  was  appointed  Assistant 
Secretary.  During  his  whole  term  of  office  the 
lal  our  world  of  Dublin  was  in  a  state  of  con- 
tinual unrest.  Ihroaghnut  these  troubles  the 
action  of  the  Irish  Executive  was  directed  to 
two  ends.  Eirst,  to  the  maintenance  of  public 
peace,  and,  secondly,  to  lh.>  re  establishment 
of  industrial  peace  ly  mutual  agreement  be- 
tween employers  and  employes.  In  tho 
carters  strike  the  po'ico  force  was  ;  lequat* 
to  maintain  peace,  and  it  was  settled  as  th« 
result  of  negotiations  carried  on  by  the  Lord 


uu 


COLONEL  SIR  JOHN  ROSS  OF  BLADENSBURG. 
formerly  Chief  Commissioner,  Dublin  Metro- 
politan   Police. 


COMMANDER     W.    V.     HARREL,     R.N.,     formerly 
Assistant    Commissioner.    D.M.P. 


Photo   bij}  [Lafayette. 

i^tjutt    PKICE.    Intelligence    Officer    al    tile    Irish 

Military    Headquarters. 


Photo  by]  [^l"'':Ufr 

Brigadier-General  JOHN  ALOYSIUS  BYRNE,  T. 
new  Inspector-General  of  Royal  Irish  -<, 
s/«liulary. 


ICO 


Lieutenant  and  the  Under-Secretary.  There 
■were  scenes  of  violence  in  the  tramways 
strike.  J'ramcars  were  wrecked,  and  from 
time  to  time  the  police  had  to  make  baton 
.charges.  In  the  end  Larkin  completely 
failed,  and  left  for  New  Sots,  wUasce  he 
was   not   likely   to    return. 

ISir  James  Dougherty  next  dealt  with  the 
question  of  the  use  made  of  troops  during 
the  various  strikes,  and  referred  to  the  activi- 
ties of  the  Government  in  trying  to  bring  em- 
ployers and  strikers  together.  In  some 
cases,  at  least,  he  said,  those  efforts  re- 
sulted in  satisfactory  settlements,  ai&jiough 
the  masters  complained  constantly,  s*id,  I  be- 
lieve with  some  justice  that  the  engagements 
entered  into  by  the  men  were  not  faithfully 
kept.  For  their  action  the  Irish  Government 
was  assailed  from  first  to  last  hy  a  hailstorm 
of  1 1 e=.  I  never  saw  Larkin  alone.  When  I 
saw  him  ;t  was  when  he  was  "nth  other  mem- 
bers of  his  union.  The  political  opponents 
of  the  Government  were  not  r>shamed  T.o  put 
about  ridiculous  stories  as  to  the  relations  of 
members  of  the  Government  with  Larkin.  It 
ivas  alleged  that  we  were  on  most  intimate 
terms  with  him,  and  that  he  had  been  invited 
to  tea. 

THE  VOLUNTEERS. 

The  National  Volunteers,  Sir  James  de- 
clared, were  the  response  of  the  Nationalists 
to  the  Volunteer  movement  in  Unionist 
Ulster,  and  the  gun-running  at  Howth  was 
but  a  natural  sequel  to  the  gun-running  at 
Lame.  "  I  do  not  care,"  he  continued,  "  to 
enter  into  details  as  to  the  rise  and  progress 
of  the  Ulster  movement.  I  can  only  say  that 
those  who  led  and  encouraged  it  shouldered 
a  very  heavy  burden  of  responsibility.  They 
were,  indeed,  the  persons  who  placed  with 
matches  in  a  powder  magazine.  It  has  been 
sometimes  said  that  Ireland  has  been  it  ade 
the  playground  of  English  politicians,  and 
some  confirmation  of  this  saying  in  the  present 
case  may  be  found  in  the  fact  that  the  earliest 
attempt  to  import  into  the  North  of  Ireland 
discarded  rifles  from  Continental  armies  was 
promoted  and  directed  in  London.  Rifles 
bought  in  Hamburg  were  landed  h*ro.  They 
were  paid  for  by  an  English  cheque,  and 
persons  most  intimately  connected  with  the 
reception  and  distribution  of  the  imported 
firms  were  closely  connected  with  the  political 
organisation  in  the  important  London  borough 
where  the  arms  were  found." 

Sir  James  went  on  to  say  that  the  failure 
to  distribute  these  arms  was  ignoiUITii^as  and 
complete.  Consignments  amounting  V«,  1,166 
rifles  in  all  were  seized  at  various  Irish  pints, 
including  Dublin,  Belfast,  Coleraine,  London- 
derry, Greenore,  and  Drogheda.  Tin-  balance 
of  the  consignment  was  subsequently  sJrcd  by 
the  authorities  of  the  Birmingham  Proof  House 
under  the  powers  contained  in  the'/  special 
.Act.  The  guns  which  were  landed  n<  Howth 
were  brought  to  Ireland  b:  is  £hmV/  yacht, 
mid  steered  into  Howth  by  the  Fng'ixh  wife 
oT  the  English  owner.  Events  like  tlu^e  threw 
pome  light  upon  the  difficulties  wli  ch  beset 
the    path    of    the    unfortunat*    Covei  »  nent   of 

li  eland. 


The  Chairman  said  he  wanted  to  get  it 
specifically,  in  regard  to  the  Howth  gun- 
running,  whether  any  instructions  were  given 
in  his  time  to  the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary 
with  regard  to  the  enforcement  of  the  pro- 
hibition of  the  importation  of  arms.  They 
had  been  informed  that  there  was  a  circular, 
but  they  had  been  unable  to  obtain  a  copy  of 
it  in  Dublin. 

Sir  James  said  there  was  p  confidential 
circular  addressed  to  County  Inspectors  by 
the  Inspector-General,  but  actually  signed  by 
the  Deputy  Inspector-General.  He  then 
handed  in  a  copy  of  this  document. 

Referring  to  the  bloodshed  following  the 
Howth  gun-running.  Sir  James  said  that  hie 
instructions  unfortunately  did  not  reach  Mr. 
Harrel.  They  were  in  writing.'  That  order 
was,  if  possible,  to  take  the  names  and  ad- 
dresses of  the  leaders. 


STATEMENTS  FURNISHED  TO  THE 
COMMISSIONERS. 

BY  SIR  HENRY  BLAKE,  G.C.M.G. 
In  an  appendix  to  the  published  Minutes  of 
Evidence  given  before  the  Royal  Commission 
there  were  included  statements  made  by  Sir 
Henry  Blake,  Mr.  William  Martin  Murphy  and 
County  Inspector  Howe,  Royal  Irish  Con- 
stabulary, Cork  City.  The  statement  by  Sir 
Henry  Blake  is  headed  : — 

Memorandum   on  the   Causes  that   bear  upon 
the  Present  Position   in  Ireland. 

And  we  quote  the  following  from  it : — 
The  evidence  given  before  the  Royal  Com- 
mission on  Rebellion  in  Ireland  covers  so 
completely  ail  the  incidents  from  the  founda- 
tion of  the  National  Volunteers  that  I  can  add 
but  little  to  the  ascertained  facts. 

That  Germany  has  been  preparing  for  an 
Irish  adventure  may  be  assumed  from  the 
following.  Some  time  in  1914  a  foreigner 
arrived  at  the  railway  station  of  Mogeely, 
nine  miles  from  Youghal,  where  he  engaged 
a  car,  desiring  the  driver  to  go  to  a  position 
between  the  vilb.ge  of  Lady's  Bridge  and  the 
sea,  where,  he  mentioned,  that  he  wished  to 
see  a  farm  that  he  intended  to  purchase. 
Arrived  at  tJie  neighbourhood  he  asked  a 
peasant,  at  whose  house  they  had  stopped 
to  make  inquiry,  where  the  farm  was  situated, 
and  mentiored  it  by  a  name  that  was  only 
known  loca'iy.  He  spoke  to  the  peasant  for 
some  time,  and  looked  carefully  over  the 
country,  making  some  notes,  or  possibly 
a  rough  sketch,  but  made  no  close  examina- 
tion of  th-  farm  mentioned.  Having  obtained 
all  the  information  that  the  peasant  could 
give,  he  handed  to  liim,  his  wife,  and  a  small 
Child  each  a  sovereign,  and  on  discharging 
tbi  car  on  his  return  to  Mnceely  station  he 
Rave  a  similar  sum  to  the  driver.  This  visit 
was,  in  my  opinion,  for  (lie  purpose  of  examin- 
ing the  country  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Bflllvcotton  Bay,  with  a  view  of  a  possible 
landing.  ,.     . J 


191 


DISLIKE    OF    ENGLAND. 

The  root  of  this  and  other  adverse  move- 
ments in  Ireland  is  dislike  of  England,  which, 
if  I  can  believe  statements  widely  and  gener- 
ally made,  is  fostered  in  the  national  schools, 
where  no  emblem  of  the  United  Kingdom  is 
shown.  In  at  least  one  case,  publicly  re- 
ported, the  Union  Jack  was  removed  as  a 
party  emblem.  The  feeling  is  fostered  by  the 
influence  of  Irish-Americans,  and  foreign  as- 
sistance is  kept  before  the  people  as  a  pro- 
mise in  the  event  of  England  finding  herself 
in  difficulties.  This  was  the  immediate  im- 
pulsion for  the  Fenian  rising  in  1867,  and 
for  the  land  agitation  begun  in  1879. 

The  speeches  of  the  Irish  Nationalist  mem- 
bers at  home  and  in  the  United  States  before 
the  introduction  of  the  Home  Rule  Bill 
showed  that  the  measure  was  regarded  merely 
as  a  step  towards  the  ultimate  goal  of  total 
separation,  and  an  independent  Ireland  ;  and 
if  the  speeches  are  examined  of  the  Nationa- 
lists who  supported  the  recruiting  campaign 
it  will  be  seen  that  the  name  of  England  was 
studiously  avoided,  men  being  called  upon 
to  join  "the  Allies"  in  the  fight  for  free- 
dom. How  the  adverse  action  of  the  Sinn 
Ffin  rebels  was  given  free  scope,  and  ail 
official  warnings  and  recommendations 
ignored  has  been  fully  shown  in  the  evidence 
already  published.  In  effect  manv  of  the 
Sinn  Vein,  branch  of  the  Irish  Volunteers 
thought  that  thev  had  with  them  the  sym- 
pathv  of  the  Government  in  their  demand 
for  total   senaration. 

Mv  exnerience  since  my  return  to  Ireland 
in  19^7  is  that  the  Unionist  nortinn  of  Ice- 
land has  been  steadilv  ignored.  Even  in  '■he 
arrangements  for  spcuring  recruits,  in  which 
evei'v  section  nf  the  community.  Nationalist 
and  Unionist,,  ironed,  no  genovq]  intimation 
w?5  m'ven  to  H"'51  Majesty's  L"°t>  tenants'  of 
Counties,  wlio  ontrht,,  in  mv  rvuTvT«»i .  to  have 
b^en  in^'ted  to  l^"d  their  aid.  Tha+  it  was 
given  without  invitation  does  not  affect  the 
fact. 

DEGREDATION  OF  THE  MAGISTRACY. 
Sir  Morgan  O'Connell  and  Major  Price  have 
in  their  evidence  mentioned  the  effect  of  the 
degradation  of  the  magistracy  by  improper 
appointments  made  against  the  protests  of  the 
Lieutenant  of  the  County,  who,  as  custbs 
rotulorum,  usually  recommended  the  names 
of  gentlemen  for  the  position  of  Justice  of  the 
Peace.  The  change  in  the  practice  began 
wh"n  Mr.  Morley,  now  Lord  Morley,  was 
Chief  Secretary,  and  the  result  has  been  a 
diminution  of  confidence  in  the  petty  sessions 
courts  in  certain  districts,  where  the  bench 
is  sometimes  found  to  be  packed  by  magis- 
trates who  apparently  vote  by  previous  ar- 
rangement in  given  cases.  In  a  reDort  in  the 
public  Press  of  a  case  before  an  Assize  Court 
in  a  southern  county,  about  two  years  ago,  it 
was  stated,  in  answer  to  the  judges'  desire  to 
have  a  Justice  of  Peace  examined  in  a  case  of 
forgery,   that  the   evidence   of  the   gentleman 


would  not  assist  the  court,  as,  unfortunately, 
he  could  neither  read  nor  write  ! 

The  dislike  of  England  of  which  I  have 
written  does  not  necessarily  involve  active 
disloyalty,  but  it  is  a  predisposing  influence 
that  .makes  the  younger  and  more  volatile  por- 
tion of  the  people  liable  to  be  led  away  by 
any  agitator  who  promises  them  relief  from 
a  phantom  tyranny.  The  great  majority  of 
the  people  desire  peace  and  security,  but  have 
not  the  moral  courage  to  make  any  open  stand 
against  an  anti-English  agitation,  however 
wild.  The  priesthood,  it  must  be  remem- 
bered, share  the  feelings  of  the  people,  than 
whom  their  experience  of  the  world  is  no 
wider.  The  elder  clergy  desire  peace,  the 
younger  are  as  easily  led  astray  as  the  young 
hot  bloods  around  them;  but,  on  the  whole, 
their  influence  makes  for  good,  and  its  loss 
would  be  a  misfortune. 

PEOPLE    NOT    LAW-ABIDING. 

The  people  are  not  law-abiding,  but  they 
yield  to  a1  real  control  if  it  is  impartial  and 
just.  That  those  who  have  been  placed  in 
the  control  of  the  Executive  have  been  asleep 
is  no  proof  that  the  machinery  is  inefficient. 
The  immediate  cause  of  the  present  rebellion, 
prepared  as  it  has  been  by  German  influence 
and"  money,  has  been  an  absence  of  any  at- 
tempt at  control  that  would  have  acted  as  a 
warning  and  saved  much  bloodshed  and  de- 
struction of  property.  A  firm  and  just  ad- 
ministration of  Ireland  that  gives  assurance 
of  protection  of  life  and  property  would  secure 
the  moral  and  material  supoort  of  the  great 
mass  of  the  population  and  prevent  the  re- 
currence of  such  a  danger  as  that  with  which 
we  are  now  dealing. 

MR.   WILLIAM   MARTIN   MURPHY. 

The  statement  submitted  by  Mr.  Wm.  Mar- 
tin Murphy,  39  Dame  street,  Dublin,  Chair- 
man of  the  Dublin  United  Tramways  Co.,  at 
the  request  of  the  Dublin  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce, recalled  the  circumstances  of  the 
strikes  and  disorders  in  1911-12-13,  and  pro- 
ceeded : — ■ 

The  conception  of  the  Citizen  Army  ap- 
pears to  have  been  due  to  Captain  White, 
who  was  recently  convicted  of  an  offence 
against  the  Defence  of  the  Realm  Act,  in 
South  Wales.  He  called  one  day  to  my 
office  for  the  purpose,  as  he  said,  of  settling 
the  strike.  I  told  him  there  was  a  great 
many  candidates  for  the  office  he  was  seeking. 
He  then  explained  to  me  that  his  method  was 
to  drill  the  strikers.  1  pointed  out  to  him 
that  it  was  difficult  enough  for  the  police  to 
keep  any  kind  of  order  in  the  city  when  deal- 
ing with  an  undrilled  mob.  but  if  they  were 
all  drilled  and  possessed  fire-arms,  it  would 
be  quite  imnossible  for  any  force  of  police 
to  deal  with  (hem.  He  snirl  he  had  not 
thought  of  that,  but  it  would  be  all  right, 
because  when  thev  were  drilled  thev  would 
be  disciplined,  and  it  would  rai*e  their  moral 
tone,  and  then  they  would  be  no  longer 
guilty  of  outrages. 


1:2 


ONE    OF    THE    MOST    AMAZING    THINCS 
OUTSIDE    MEXICO. 

That  the  authorities  allowed  a  body  of  law- 
less and  riotous  men  to  be  drilled  and  armed 
and  to  provide  themselves  with  an  arsenal  of 
weapons  and  explosives  was  one  of  the  most 
amazing  things  that  could  happen  in  any 
civilised  country  outside  of  Mexico.  This 
body  was  even  allowed  to  hold  meetings  with 
uniforms  and  arms,  and  to  discharge  their 
rifles  at  night  in  the  streets  of  Dublin  with- 
out any  attempt  to  check  them  or  prosecute 
them.  Fortunately  the  long  strike  was  com- 
ing to  an  end  when  the  Citizen  Army  com- 
menced to  drill.  If  they  had  been  in  exist- 
ence in  the  early  days  of  the  strike,  when  the 
disorders  were  at  their  height,  we  should  have 
had  a  foretaste  of  the  recent  fighting  in  the 
city. 

It  has  been  said  so  often,  and  it  is  so 
obvious,  that  it  is  hardlv  necessary  for  me 
to  repeat  it,  that  the  entire  cause  of  this  re- 
bellion was  permitting  any  peortle.  no  matter 
what  their  object,  to  be  armed  and  drilled. 
and  to  possess  arsenals,  unless  they  belonged 
to  the  regular  forces  of  the  Crown.  If  there 
were  no  o^cranised  armed  men  in  the  countrv 
th«*"e  could  have  been  no  attempt  at  re- 
bellion. 


CHIEF   INSPECTOR   T.   A.    HOWE,   R.I.C.. 
CORK. 

County  Inspector's  Office,  Cork, 
12  June,  1916. 
In  1S03,  a  branch  of  the  Celtic  Literary 
Society  was  stalled  in  Cork  City.  Ihe  Society 
at  its  formation  consisted  of  about  20  mem- 
bers, all  of  whom  were  anti-British.  Every 
member  subsequently  became  an  active  n  em- 
ber of  the  Sinn  Fein  movement.  At 
the  same  time  a  Society  called  the 
"Daughters  of  Erin"  was  established  here 
by  Miss  Maude  Gonne,  and  its  ideals  were 
the  same  as  the  Celtic  Literary  Society.  These 
societies  worked  hand  in  hand.  As  showing 
the  object  for  which  these  societies  were 
formed,  I  give  the  following  resolution  adopted 
by  them  in  June.  1903,  a  short  time  previous 
to  the  visit  of  His  lad  Majesty  King  Edward 
VII.  to  Cork: — "That  we  call  upon  the  mem- 
bers of  the  Cork  Corporation,  Cork  County 
Couucil,  and  other  publii  lies  to  reject  any 
addresses  to  the  i'  iglish  King  that  may  be 
proposed  for  adoption."  1  am  glad  to  say, 
however,  thai  the  n  ■  h  tion  had  no  effect,  as 
the  late  King  received  a  most  enthusiastic 
otion  on  his  visit  to  Cork.  These 
eties  may  be  said  to  have  ceased  to 
exist  after  January,  1905.  when  a  meeting 
by  t  heir  m»  nbei  «  as  held  for  the 
purpose  of  forming  a  branch  of  (be  Sinn  Fein 
organisation,  1  nt  a  branch  was  not  formed 
I'M  the  Following  vea r,  when  >\  absorbed  the 
and  "  The  Young  Tre- 
I  •    .1        Scm  i< '  '  in       2nd        1  leeember, 

•i       meetinr       was       bid       in       the 
City       Hall,        under       the       auspices       of 


the  Sinn  Fein,  Society,  for  the  purpose  of 
furthering  the  movement  in  the  South  of  Ire- 
laud.  About  200  persons  attended,  and  a 
large  number  of  anti-recruiting  leaflets  were 
distributed  by  a  man  named  Wright,  subse- 
quently connected  with  the  Dublin  rebellion. 
The  Sinn  Fri-  movement  did  not  spread  to 
country  districts  till  1907,  when  four  tranches 
were  formed.  Nothing  of  note  occurred  in 
1908. 

M1TCHELSTOWN. 

On  28th  Martn,  IUUy,  a  JStnn  Fein  meeting 
was  heid  near  uiitcfifiistown  to  comuieiuura>M) 
the  memory  of  l'eier  O  ISeili  Lrowiey,  wno 
was  shot  mere  by  trie  ponce  wfien  ati/empt- 
ing  to  effect  his  arrest  lor  prominent  parti- 
cipation in  the  Fenian  rising  of  lt:6/.  ine 
meeting  was  addressed  by  John  McDermott, 
Dublin — lately  executed — who  was  scut  to 
Cork  to  organise  the  movement.  He  spent 
about  two  months  here.  On  April 
25th,  1909,  a  Sinn  Fein  meeting 
was  held  in  Mitchelstown,  addressed  by 
McDermott  and  Edward  Sheehan,  a  school 
•  teacher.  The  latter,  in  the  course  of  his  re- 
marks, said  the  Billeting  Bill  recently  passed 
through  Parliament  provided  free  quarters  tor 
English  soldiers  in  the  coming  war  between 
England  and  Germany,  and  he  advised  his 
hearers  to  resist  the  bill  and  never  allow  a 
British   soldier  to   cross   their  threshold. 

The  year  19C9  was  not  marked  by  any  inci- 
dent of  importance. 

In  April,  1911,  the  Sinn  Feiners  of  Cork  City 
appointed  a  vigilance  committee  to  canvas  the 
members  of  the  Corporation  and  other  public 
bodies  with  the  view  of  preventing  the  pre- 
sentation of  any  loyal  addresses  to  His 
Majesty  the  King  on  the  occasion  of  his  visit 
to  Ireland  that  year.  A  meeting  of  the  Co^k 
Corporation  ":as  held  in  June,  lQTi.  for  the 
purpose  of  discussing  whether  or  not  an  ad- 
dresjs  would  be  presented.  A  number  of 
Sinn  Fein^rt  gained  admission  to  the  place  of 
meeting,  and  when  the  resolution  approving 
of  the  presentation  of  the  address  \v;n 
adopted,  the  Sinn  Feinern  unfurled  a  black 
flag,  a^d  on  the  same  night  they  draped  in 
black  the  four  figures  of  the  monument  erected 
to  the  'c  Manchester  Martyrs."  In  Oc- 
tober, 1911.  a  branch  of  the  Irish  Nat' oral 
Boy  Seimis  was  formed  in  Cork  by  the 
Countess  Markievicz. 

DRILLING     AND     ARMING. 

Early  in  December,  1913,  Professor  John 
McNeill  and  Sir  Roger  Casement  attended  a 
meeting  in  I  ork  convened  for  the  purpose  of 
forming  a  branch  of  the  Trisli  Volunteers, 
but  tin-  object  was  not  achieved.  The  first 
branch  of  the  Irish  Volunteers  was  started  in 
Cork  on  23  vd  December,  1913.  From  this 
time  forthwith  members  of  tin's  society  com- 
menced to  purchase  arms,  chiefly  revolvers. 
Drilling  commenced  in  Januarv,  1914,  with 
an  approximate  strensth  of  5^0.  Aboid  200 
men  attended  the  dii'.ls.  which  were  Iwld 
01  enlv.  So  t  it  (he  movement  had  not  spread 
i'i.t   ida    the    city,    but   in    June,    1914,    it    had 


193 


spread  to  the  country  districts,  with  a  mem- 
bership of  2,921. 

In  July,  1913,  the  Volunteers  in  city  and 
East  Riding  numbered   3,460. 

On  4th  August,  1914,  the  Volunteers  had 
arranged  to  travel  to  Skibbereen  by  special 
train,  ostensibly  for  the  purpose  of  taking 
part  in  a  review,  but  in  reality  to  get  arms 
that  were  expected  to  be  landed  in  Skibbereen, 
the  landing  being  prevented.  The  excursion 
was  cancelled  at  the  last  moment  by  Captain 
Crosbie,  R.F.A.,  who  was  in  command.  I 
may  add  that  Captain  Crosbie  re-joined 
the  Army  shortly  afterwards.  In  a 
few      days       afterwards  Mr.       Redmond's 

pronouncement  in  the  House  of  Commons  on 
the  outbreak  of  war  caused  the  split,  together 
with  the  action  of  Captain  Crosbie  in  tele- 
graphing to  the  Secretary  of  State'  for  War 
offering  to  organise  the  Cork  Volunteers  for 
the  service  of  the  Government.  The 
orig:nal  committee  of  the  corps,  prin- 
cipally Sinn  Feiners,  disassociated  themselves 
from  the  action  of  Captain  Crosbie,  and  about 
30  members  seceded  and  formed  what  is  since 
known  as  the  "Irish  Volunteers." 

BANK  ACCOUNT  SECURED    BY  SINN    FE1N-ERS. 

About  this  time  about  £800  stood  to  the  ac- 
count of  the  Volunteers  in  the  names  of  two 
members  of  the  committee,  who  were  ad- 
vanced Sinn  Feiners.  This  money  was  appro- 
priated by  the  newly  formed  Sinn  Fein  branch 
and  devoted  to  the  purchase  of  rifles,  am- 
munition, etc.  The  organisation  of  this  move- 
ment was  henceforward  carried  on  by  paid 
organisers  and  its  progress  fairly  rapid.  The 
membership  of  the  Sinn  Feiners  in  city  and 
riding  was  at  first  200.  The  membership  of 
the  Irish  National  Volunteers — loyal  section — 
rapidly  dwindled  away,  principally  owing  u< 
a  large  number  joining  the  colours,  and  this 
body  remained  loyal  throughout,  and  offered 
their  services  to  me,  to  use  them  in  any 
direction  I  pleased,  after  the  insurrection  in 
Dublin   had   broken  out. 

In  March,  1916,  the  Irish  Volunteer  mem- 
bership was  653  in  Cork,  East  Riding,  and 
City,  at  which  it  practically  stood.  It  ve- 
ceived  no  support  from  any  influential  per- 
sons from  its  inception  up  to  the  rebellion. 
It  was  principally  composed  of  shop  assistants, 
clerks,  artisans,  labourers,  and,  in  country 
districts,  of  small  farmers'  sons  as  well.  The 
country  members  joined  to  resist  conscrip- 
tion, but  the  leaders  always  kept  the  real  ob- 
ject of  the  movement  a  secret  from  the  mem- 
bers. Extra  activity  prevailed  for  some 
months  previous  to  the  rebellion.  Organisers, 
liberally  paid,  were  employed.  These  r  vi 
worked  strenuously  in  the  advancement  of  the 
movement,  and  there  is  no  doubt  that  their 
exertions,  together  with  the  distribution  of 
seditious  literature,  brought  to  the  ranks  a 
great  number  of  new  members.  Money  was 
plentifully  distributed,  but  the  only  definite 
information  as  to  its  source  is  that  a  poitiou 
came  from  Dublin— please     see     receipts  at- 


tached for  salary  paid  weekly  to  T.  J.  Mac- 
Sweeney,  a  local  organiser. 

A     MAGISTRATE'S    STATEMENT. 

Two  men — Thomas  Kent,  since  shot  for 
murder  of  Head  Constable  Rowe — and  T.  J. 
MacSweeney,  were,  some  months  ago,  ar- 
rested and  prosecuted  before  the  Magistrates 
in  Cork  Police  Court,  for  delivering  seditious 
speeches  at  a  public  meeting — Sinn  Fein.  The 
speeches  were  very  violent,  disloyal  utter- 
ances, and  merited  severe  punishment,  but 
the  magistrates,  of  whom  seven  were  present, 
including  the  Lord  Mayor  and  Wm,  Starkie, 
R.M.,  dismissed  the  cases  against  Kent,  and 
fined  MacSweeney  Is. — The  resident  magistrate 
dissenting.  One  of  the  magistrates  had  pub- 
licly stated  a  few  days  previously  : — "  So  long 
as  they  were  bound  up  with  that  accursed 
Empire,  so  long  would  they  be  on  the  verge 
of  starvation."  On  the  occasion  of  this  trial 
the  ceurt  was  packed  with  sympathisers  of 
the  accused,  and  repeated  cheers  were  raised 
for  Germany  and  the  Kaiser,  notwithstanding 
the  protests  of  the  resident  magistrate  and 
district   inspector. 

On  17th  March  last,  "St.  Patrick's  Day," 
about  1,600  Sinn  Feiners  from  Cork  Citv  and 
East  and  West  Ridings  of  the  county,  rs- 
sembled  in  Cork  City,  most  of  whom  carried 
rifles  and  shot  guns. 

EASTER     SUNDAY     ORDERS. 

Nothing  further  occurred  until  Easter  week. 
A  general  parade  of  Volunteers  was  ordered 
for  Easter  Sunday,  to  be  held  at  all  places 
where  a  branch  of  the  organisation  existed. 
Each  man  was  ordered  to  be  fully  equipped, 
and  to  take  with  him  two  days'  rations,  and 
to  march  to  various  named  destinations — all 
situated  in  the  direction  of  Co.  Kerry.  There  is 
no  doubt  that  this  order  was  given  for  the 
purpose  of  taking  over  arms  from  the  German 
ship  which  was  expected  to  laiid  them.  if 
these  arms  had  been  landed  and  distributed 
there  is  no  doubt  there  would  have  been 
serious  trouble  in  Minister.  When 
it  was  ascertained  on  Easter  Sun- 
day, that  the  German  ship  was  sunk,  the 
Volunteers  returned  to  their  respective  places 
of  assembly,  and  were  regarded  as  mobilised 
until  after  the  surrender  of  the  Dublin  in- 
surgents. 

AWAITING    ORDERS    FROM    DUBLIN. 

■  Daring  the  week  of  the  rebellion,  an  armed 
guard,  day  and  night,  was  maintained  at  lis 
Sinn  Fein  Hall,  Cork  City.  No  one  was 
allowed  to  enter  except  in  possession  of  the 
pass  word.  The  leaders  here,  who  were  ap- 
parently ready  for  any  contingency,  were 
awaiting  orders  from  Dublin,  but  those  orders 
never  came. 

On  24th  April,  the  Lord  Mayor,  accom- 
panied by  the  Most  Rev.  Dr.  C'oholan,  Assis- 
tant R.C.  Bishop,  visited  the  Sinn  Fein  Hall, 
and  strongly  advised  the  members  present  to 
commit  no   act   that    would   involve   them   in 


194 


trouble  and  compel  the  military  to  take 
drastic  action.  The  Sinn  Felners  promised  to 
act  on  the  advice,  and.  in  fact,  carried  it  out 
in  so  far  as  they  committed  themselves  to  no 
action  beyond  retaining  their  arms  in  the  hail 
and  maintaining  a  guard  over  them. 
Negotiations  were  entered  into  with  the 
military  authorities  at  Queenstown  by  the 
Lord  Mayor  and  Bishop  with  the  view  of  in- 
ducing the  Sinn  Frincrs  to  surrender  their 
arms  to  the  Lord  Mayor.  A  date  was  fixed 
on  which  all  arms  were  to  be  handed  in  on 
certain  conditions.  The  fulfilment  of  the  con- 
tract was  not  carried  out  by  the  Sinn  Fciners, 
who  failed  to  have  the  arms  in  at  the  ap- 
pointed time.  An  extension  was  granted,  ani 
eventually,  on  a  given  date,  they  handed  in, 
at  night,  76  rifles  and  shot  guns,  and  two 
revolvers.  They  were  known  to  have  had  ,n 
their  possession  at  the  time  116  rifles  and  shot 
guns,  and  150  revolvers.  Aboirt  500  rounds 
of  ammunition  were  handed  in.  but  this  quan- 
tity was  only  a  fraction  of  what  they  possess. 
Since  then  a  large  quantity  of  ammunition 
and  explosives  has  teen  found,  abandoned,  by 
the  police. 

MANY     WEAPONS     STILL     MISSING. 

Tn  country  districts  large  quantities  of  am- 
munition and  a  number  of  rifles  and  guns 
were  surrendered,  and  large  seizures  were  also 
made  by  military  arid  police,  but  there  is  still 
a  great  number  unaccounted  for. 

As  1  have  already  stated,  no  person  of  any 
stake  took  part  in  the  movement.  It  was 
piloted  by  advanced  extremists  or  failures  in 
the  various  walks  in  which  they  started. 

A  great  number  in  the  ranks  were  young 
men  under  21  years,  amongst  whom  the  read- 
ing of  the  pernicious  literature  that  was  being 
circulated   had  such  a   deleterious  effect. 

There  are  no  documents  in  my  possession  to 
support  the  foregoing  statements.  All 
matters  referred  to  were  duly  reported  to  the 
Inspector-General  for  the  information  of 
government,  as  thej  ;.  ose.  The  informatim 
now  supplied  i-  taken  from  extracts  recorded 
in  my  office. 

It  is  stated  in  the  Report  of  the  Com- 
missioners that  f'  |'  si  i'  submitted  signed 
statements.  The  writei  of  the  fourth  state- 
ment requested  the  Commissioners  not  to  p  ib- 
lish  his  narrative,  and  the  Commissioners  de- 
cided to  treat  it  as  confidential. 


THI:  "SINN  FEIN  "  ORGANISATION. 

T!  ■  following  ■  ,  t,  which  was  pro- 
duced at  the  Commi  Sir  Mat  hew  Na- 
than, is  also  included  in  the  appendix1: — 

The  above  organisation  was  started  in  19C5 
and  gave  a  its  aims,  objects,  and  policy,  m$ 
following : — 

"National  self  development  on  ihe  lines 
[mccesRfully  adopted  by  the  Hungarians  in 
their    stru  with    Austria    by    a    policy   of 

relying  on  Sinn  Fein  (on      Ivi     alone). 


"To  give  the  strongest  adhesion  to  the 
Gaelic  and  Industrial  Revival  Movements,  and 
to  all  movements  originating  from  within  Ire- 
land instinct  with  national  tradition,  and  not 
looking  outside  Ireland  for  the  accomplishment 
of  their  aims,  and  to  carry  this  policy  into 
effect  by  utilising  to  the  utmost  the  powers  of 
all  representative  bodies,  and  by  the  recogni- 
tion of  an  assembly,  meeting  in  Dublin,  com- 
posed of  delegates  from  such  bodies,  and  other 
popularly  elected  representatives  as  the  sole 
authority  entitled  to  national  obedience." 

A  National  Council  was  formed  to  control 
the  organisation,  of  which  Edward  Martyn  wisi 
the  first  Chairman,  and  the, .first  Convention 
was  held  in  the  Rotunda  on  28th  November, 
1905,  when  disloyal  speeches  were  made  and 
resolutions  were  passed  in  favour  of  the  policy 
indicated. 

During  the  proceedings  at  this  Convention 
the  Chairman  stated:  "The  most  important 
of  all  matters  was  the  anti-enlisting  crusade. 
By  the  work  of  the  National  Council  the  re- 
cruiting statistics  in  Ireland  had  considerably 
decreased.  The  Irish  Nationalist  who  entered 
the  English  Navy  deserved  to  be  flogged."'' 

This  organisation  developed  for  some  time 
and  various  branches  were  formed  and 
affiliated,  but  during  the  past  few  years  these 
branches  have  practically  disappeared,  and  ;.,11 
that  now  remains  in  Dublin  is  the  centr.il 
body  which  is  still  controlled  by  a  National 
Council,  and  at  present  their  offices  and  plaea 
of  meeting  are  at  6  Harcourt  street. 

The  members  of  this  organisation  may.  and 
no  doubt  do,  differ  from  each  other  on  many 
points,  but  no  difference  of  opinion  exists  re- 
garding their  opposition  to  any  form  of  Eng- 
lish Government  in  Ireland  and  their  support 
of  the  anti-enlistment  crusade. 

If  any  member  announced  his  opposition  to 
the  National  Council  on  these  points,  he 
would  soon  find  that  he  was  no  longer  wanted 
as  a  member. 

Some  members  are,  of  course,  more  active  in 
their  display  of  disloyalty  than  others,  hut  all 
members  are  disloyal,  whether  displaying  great 
activity  or  not. 

It  can  hardly  be  said  that  any  effort  is 
made  to  enforce  uniformity  of  view,  except  -s 
already  stated  regarding  opposition  to  English 
Government  in  Ireland  and  an ti -enlistment, 
and  it  is  not  known  that  any  difference  of 
opinion  on  those  points  has  ever  arisen. 

W.  M.  Davies, 

Commissioner. 

16th  December,  1914. 

[Note. — Mr.  Davies,  who  is  now  Deputy  In- 
sped  nr  ( Jriirial  of  the  Royal  Irish  Constabu- 
lary, was  at  the  dale  of  this  Report  act- 
ing as  Chief  Commissioner  of  the  Dublin 
Metropolitan  Police  for  a  period  between  the 
resignation  of  Sir  John  Ross  ami  the  ap- 
pointmenl  of  Colonel  Edgewortb  Johnstone  to 
that  office.] 


195 


NKIHT  MANOEUVRES  OF  CITIZEN  ARMY 

AND   IRISH   VOLUNTEERS. 

The  following  report,  which  was  produced 
by  Colonel  Edgeworth  Johnstone,  Chief  Com- 
missioner Dublin  Metropolitan  Police,  at  the 
Commission,  is  also  included  in  the  appendix — 

6th    October,    1915. 

Citizen  Army. — At  12.45  a.m.  85  members 
carrying  rifles,  in  command  of  James  Con- 
nolly and  Countess  Markievicz,  left  "Liberty 
Hall,"  Beresford  place,  and  marched  through 
portion  of  the  city  to  Werburgh  street.  After 
manoeuvring  in  the  vicinity  et  Dublin  Castle 
they  returned  to  their  Ball  at  1.50  a.m. 

24th    October,    -.315. 

Citizen  Army. — At  12.15  a.m.  about  120 
persons,  including  12  women  and  20  Sinn  Fein 
Boy  Scouts,  left  "Liberty  Hall,"  Beresford 
place,  in  command  of  James  Connolly  and 
Countess  Markievicz,  and  marched  to  Christ 
Church  place.  Eighty  of  the  men  carried 
rifles.  The  party  divided  up  into  small  sec- 
tions and  manoeuvred  in  the  neighbourhood 
of  Francis  street  and  the  Coombe.  having  been 
joined  at  the  latter  place  by  20  other  members 
with  rifles  undei  the  command  of  William  P. 
Partridge.  They  remained  in  the  locality 
i  n til  about  5  a.m.  and  then  left  for  Emmet 
Hall,  Inchicore,  where  they  took  part  in  a 
dance  which  was  being  held  there. 

At  5.20  a.m.  70  of  "the  party  left  the  Hall 
and  marched  back  to  College  Green  where 
they  were  dismissed  about  6  a.m.  About  55 
returned  to  *'  Liberty  Hall "'  and  broke-oft 
there,  each  man  bringing  his  rifle  to  his  home. 

5th    December,    1915. 

Citizen  Army. — At  12.5  a.m.  76  members  if>2 
with  rifles)  assembled  at  "  Liberty  Hall," 
Beresford  place,  under  the  command  of  James 
Connolly,  James  Mallin.  and  Countess 
Markievicz,  and  proceeded  to  Cross  Guns 
Bridge,  Phibsborough,  where  they  broke  i  p 
into  sections — some  going  along  Whitworth 
road  and  others  along  the  Canal  Bank  lo 
Newcomen  Bridge — and  went  through 
manoeuvres  as  they  went  along.  They  le- 
turned  to  their  Hall,  at  Beresford  place,  at 
3  a.m.  and  broke  off  there. 

5th    February,    1916. 

Irish  Volunteer*.— Between  10.30  and  11 
p.m.  about  350  members  (about  200  with  rifles) 
assembled  at  Blackball  place  and  engaged  w 
manoeuvres  which  extended  as  far  as  -.he 
Phoenix  Park,  North  Circular  road,  Kinsis- 
bridge,  and  Thomas  street,  The  party 
manoeuvring  on  the  South  side  returned  to 
Blackball  place  at  1.30  a.m.,  and  marched 
from  there  to  41  Rutland  square,  where  they 
disbanded  at  2  a.m.  on  6th. 

The  principal  persons  engaged  in  these 
movements  were: — Edward  Daly,  E.  J. 
Duggan,  Frank  Fahy.  Joseph  MeGuinness, 
Pierce  Beasley,  Edward  De  Valera,  George 
Irvine,  Fenton  Lynch,  and  James  Byrne. 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSION. 

♦ 

MR.    BIRRELL    HELD    PRIMARILY 
RESPONSIBLE. 

POLICE    AND    MILITARY    ACTION    APPROVED. 

Tire  Commissioners  issued  the  following  re- 
port on  Monday,  26th  June. : — 

1.  We  the  undersigned  now  humbly  submit 
to  Your  Majesty  our  Report  on  the  matters 
into  which  we  were  directed  to  inquire. 

2.  The  terms  of  reference  to  us  were  "  to 
inquire  into  the  causes  of  the  recent  outbreak 
of  rebellion  in  Ireland,  and  into  the  conduct 
and  degree  of  responsibility  of  the  civil  and 
military  executive  in  Ireland  in  connection 
therewith." 

3.  In  pursuance  of  these  instructions  we 
have  held  nine  meetings,  of  which  five  were 
held  in  London  and  four  in  Dublin.  At  the 
first  sitting  the  Commission  of  Your  Majesty 
was  read. 

4.  We  have  examined  twenty-nine  witnesses. 
They  were  examined  in  public  except  in  so 
far  as  their  evidence  dealt  with  German  in- 
trigues or  police  information.  Four  other 
persons  submitted  to  us  signed  statements, 
and  these  will  be  found  in  the  appendix  im- 
mediately following  upon  the  evidence  taken 
in  public. 

5.  We  had  interviews  with  various  persons 
■who  kindly  discussed  with  us  the  subjects 
into  which  we  had  to  inquire.  We  also  re- 
ceived statements  from  several  persons  wTid 
offered  to  give  evidence,  but,  having  regard 
to  the  scope  of  our  inquiry,  we  did  not  think 
it  necessary  to  call  them  as  witnesses. 

6.  We  purpose  to  consider  the  matters  re- 
ferred to  m  the  following  order,  namely — (a) 
the  constitution  of  the  Irish  Executive,  in  so 
far  as  it  is  concerned  with  the  maintenance  of 
law  and  order ;  (b)  the  legal  power  vested  in 
that  Executive  ;  and  (c)  the  history  of  events 
leading  up  to  the  outbreak  of  the  24th  April, 
1916,  together  with  our  observations  and  con- 
clusions thereon. 

THE    IRISH    GOVEP  -IMENT. 

The  executive  government  of  Ireland  is 
entrusted  to  three  officer?  —namely,  the  Lord 
Lieutenant,  the  Chief  Secretary  to  the  Lord 
Lieutenant,  and  the  Under-Secretary;  and 
for  the  purpose  of  maintaining  order  they 
have  at  their  disposal  two  police  forces— 
namely,  the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary  and  the 
Dublin  Metropolitan  Police  Force.  "  Theoreti- 
cally," says  Sir  William  Anson,  "the  execu- 
tive" government  of  Ireland  is  conducted  by 
the  Lord  Lieutenrnt  in  Council,  subject  to 
instructions  which  ho  may  receive  from  tha 
Home  Office  of  the  United  Kingdom.  Practi- 
cally it  is  conducted  for  all  important  purposes 
by  the  Chief  Secretary  to  the  Lord  Lieu- 
tenant." (Law  and  Customs  of  the  Constitu- 
tion, ed.  1832,  p.  189.) 

The  Lord  Lieutenant  (who  is  also  Governor- 
General)  is  resident  in  Ireland.  By  the  terms 
of  his  patent  he  13  responsible  for  the  civil 
government  of  the  country,  and  the  naval  and 


1C6 


military  forces  of  the  Crown  in  Ireland  are 
under  his  orders.  But,  when  the  Chief  Secre- 
tary is  in  the  Cabinet  and  the  Lord  Lieu- 
tenant is  not,  all  powers  and  responsibility  are 
in  practice  vested  in  the  Chief  Secretary.  His 
policy  is  the  policy  of  the  British  Government 
as  a  whole,  and  it  is  obviously  impossible  that 
there  should  be  any  other  independent 
authority  or  responsibility  in  Ireland.  For 
many  years  past  the  office  of  Lord  Lieutenant 
has  been  a  ceremonial  office  ;  apart  from  the 
exercise  of  the  prerogative  of  mercy  he  has  no 
executive  functions.  Proclamations,  appoint- 
ments, and  other  State  documents  are  issued 
in  his  name,  but  they  are  put  before  him  for 
signature,  without  previous  consultation.  He 
is  only  furnished  with  -information  as  to  the 
state  "of  the  country  which  he  nominally 
governs,  when  he  asks  for  it,  and  then  as  a 
matter  of  courtesy.  The  military  and  naval 
forces  in  Ireland  take  their  orders  from  the 
War  Office  and  Admiralty  respectively. 

ENTIRE    CONTROL    OF    CHIEF   SECRETARY. 

The  office  of  Chief  Secretary  is  a  political 
office,  changing  with  the  Government.  The 
executive  government  of  Ireland  is  entirely  in 
his  hands,  suDject  to  the  control  of  the 
Cabinet.  When  the  Chief  Secretary  is  a 
member  of  the  Cabinet,  as  has  been  the  case 
in  recent  years,  he  is,  of  necessity,  to  a  great 
extent  an  absentee  from  Ireland.  He  has  to 
attend  Cabinet  meetings,  and  he  is  the  only 
person  who  can,  with  authority,  answer  ques- 
tions and  defend  the  Government  policy  in 
the  House  of  Commons.  Although  the  Chief 
Secretary  is  in  the  position  of  a  Secretary  of 
State,  he  has  no  Parliamentary  Under-Secre- 
tary, and  the  Irish  law  officers  are  frequently 
not  members  of  the  House  of  Commons.  Dur- 
ing the  last  two-and-a-half  years  of  Mr. 
Birrell's  nine  years'  tenure  of  office,  Parlia- 
ment has  been  in  almost  continuous  session. 
He  had,  therefore,  during  this  critical  period 
but  little  opportunity  of  making  himself 
personally  acquainted  with  the  state  of  affairs 
in  Ireland  lie  was  dependent  for  informa- 
tion on  the  reports  of  his  Under  -Secretary 
and  the  advice  given  by  those  Irish  members 
of    Pallia n**mt  whom  he  chose  to  consult. 

The  Under  Secretary  is  a  civil  servant,  re- 
siding in  Ireland.  For  practical  purposes  he 
can  only  lake  action  under  authority  dele- 
gated to  him  bv  the  Chief  Secretary.  F!is 
duty  is  to  report  fully  and  fairly  to  his  Chief 
all  information  that  he  can  obtain,  to  give  his 
advice  freely  as  to  what  should  be  done,  and 
(hen  loyally  to  carry  out  the  instructions  of 
hi--  Chief  without  regard  to  any  personal 
opinion  of  his  own. 

THE    POLICE       FORCES. 

For  the  ordinary  maintenance  of  law  and 
or  dp  i  the  Irish  Government  have  two  nolice 
fours  \i/.,  the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary 
ami  tht-  Dublin  Metropolitan  Police  Force. 
Both  tone-  are  under  the  direct  control  of 
the  liish  Government,  though  a  rate  is  levied 
in  Dublin  as  a  contribution  to  the  expenses 
of  the  Lublin  force  (see  12  and  13  Vict.  c.  91, 
is.   Y\>,  i50).     Jt   aL^eara   that  aiuce   1905  the 


| 

Dublin  Corporation  have  refused  to  pav  th< 
proceeds  of  this  rate  injto  the  nolice  fund,  anc 
that  the  matter  has  been  adjusted  by  deduct 
ing  the  amount  from  the  local  taxation  ac 
count.  The  Koyal  Irish  Constabulary  is  '< 
quasi-military  force.  Its  members  are  armec 
with  carbines  and  taught  to  shoot.  Thei 
police  the  whole  of  Ireland,  except  the  Dublii 
police  district.  When  the  rebellion  broke  ou< 
the  Constabulary  was  somewhat  unde: 
strength,  as  it  had  furnished  a  good  many  re 
cruits  to  the  Army.  The  military  authoritiei 
were  naturally  anxious  to  get  recruits  from  i 
body  of  men  with  splendid  phvsique  and  i 
fine  record  of  honourable  service.  The  J  >ub 
lira  police  is  also  a  fine  body  of  men  and  its 
numbers  were  also  slightly  diminished  b< 
reason  of  enlistments.  The  force  is  unarmed 
consequently  when  an  armed  rebellion  broki 
out  in  Dublin  the  police  had  to  be  withdraw] 
from  duty.  If  Drblin,  like  Cork  and  Belfast 
had  been  policed  >.y  the  Roval  Irish  fo:i 
stabulary.  a  thor ,  1  armed  and  discipline! 
policemen,  knowii  i  very  nook  and  craim^  o 
the  city,  would  haw\  been  a  formidable  ;.oVli 
tion  to  the  thousand  soldiers  who  were  avail 
able  when  the  rebellion  first  broke  out.  ail 
the  rebels  might  have  hesitated  to  face  them 
As  Sir  Matthew  Nathan  expressed  it.  in  hi 
letter  of  the  18th  December.  1915,  to  \W 
Birrell,  in  the  event  of  an  outbreak.  "  F--c' 
policeman  would  be  wo"th  three  soldiers."  1 
is  e-lear  from  the  evidence  that  the  two  nolie 
forces  work  cordially  together,  but  it  is  ob 
vious  that  two  separate  forces,  under  separat 
commands,  cannot  be  in  a  time  of  emergens 
as  efficient  as  a  single  force  under  one  com 
mand.  Each  of  the  frrces  has  a  small  specia 
Crimes  Branch,  drawn  from  uniformed  men 
For  ordinary  police  i  urposes  this  branch  Hop 
its  work  well,  but  it  is  not  specially  qualifiet 
to  deal  with  politic;. I  crime,  which  takes  m 
notice  of  the  boundaries  of  police  districts 
and  which  in  the  rise  of  Ireland  assumes  ai 
international    comp  exion. 

IRISH     GOVERNMENT     ANOMALOUS     AND 
UNWORKABLE. 

If  the  Irish  system  of  government  be  re 
garded  as  a  whole  it  is  anomalous  in  quie 
times,  and  alnust  unworkable  in  times  o 
crisis. 

The  legal  powers  vested  in  the  Irish  Go 
vernment  foi  the  maintenance  of  law  al 
cider,  and  Lbe  suppression  of  sedition  mus 
now  be  considered. 

From  1881  to  1906  the  Pence  Preset  vat io! 
(Ireland)  Act,  44  and  45  Vict.  c.  5  (com 
monlv  know  i  as  the  Arms  Act),  was  in  foret 
in  that  country.  Undor  that  enactment  th 
Government  had  complete  control  over  tin 
importatioi  and  sale  of  arms  and  am. mini 
tion,  and  over  the  carrying  of  arms  or  thi 
possession  of  ammunition.  The  Act  was  | 
temporary  one  continued  from  year  to  yea' 
bv  the1  Expiring  Laws  Continuance  Act.  lr 
19C6  the  Act  was  allowed  to  lapse  bv  Sii 
Henry  (  ampbellBannerman's  Govei  nmeifl 
But  the  Irish  Government  had  other,  thoufl 
loss  efficient,  powers  for  dealing  with  uij 
authorised  bodies  who  sought  to  arm  them 
selves.     If  the  ordinal y  excise  duty  on  carry 


197 


ing  a  fun  had  been  enforced  a  complete  re- 
gister of  firearms  would  have  been  obtained, 
and  the  poorer  members  of  the  community 
might  have  found  difficulty  in  paying  the 
licence  duty  (pee  the  Gun  Licence  Act,  1870 
(33  and  34  Vict.  c.  57j.  It  seems  that  no  at- 
tempt was  made  to  enforce  this  law,  the  only 
reason  allege  1  being  that  the  people  con- 
cerned would  have  refused  to  take  out  the 
licence  and   pay  the  duty. 

1  he  Explosive  Substances  Act,  1883  (46  and 
47  Vict.  c.  83),  which  applies  to  the  whole  of 
th  i  United  Kingdom,  gives  drastic  powers  for 
dialing  with  explosives,  and  it  may  be  as- 
sumed that  the  term  "  explosive  *'  would  in- 
r  lude  stoies  of  ammunition  as  well  as  high 
explosives.  Under  that  Act  if  any  person  has 
in  his  possession  any  explosive  substance  he 
is  guilty  of  felony  and  liable  on  conviction  to 
14  vears'  penal  servitude,  unless  he  can  show 
that  he  was  in  possession  thereof  for  a  lawful 
object  (sec.  4).  Accessories  are  liable  to  a 
like  punishment.  For  the  purpose  of  discover- 
ing stores-  of  explosives,  the  Attorney-General, 
if  ho  has  reasonable  ground  for  believing  that 
the  Act  has  beers  disobeyed,  may  order  an 
■inquiry  at  which  witnesses  may  be  examined 
on  oath,  although  no  nerson  is  charged  with 
any  crime  under  the  Act 

UNLAWFUL    DRILLING. 

The  Unlawful  Drilling  Act,  1819  (60  Geo.  3, 
c.  1),  is  an  Act  "to  prevent  the  training  of 
persons  to  the  use  of  arms,  and  to  the  prac- 
tice of  military  evolutions  and  exercise."  It 
prohibits  drilling  and  military  exercises  unless 
authorised  by  the  Crown,  the  lieutenant,  or 
two  county  justices,  and  authorises  any  justice 
or  peace  officer  to  disperse  any  meeting  un- 
authorised for  drilling,  and  to  arrest  the  per- 
sons attending  *t.  As  regards  procedure,  the 
Criminal  Law  and  Procedure  (Ireland) 
Act,  1887  (50  and  51  Vict.  c.  20), 
besides  providing  for  special  jury  trials  in 
proclaimed  districts,  empowers  the  Lord  Lieu- 
tenant by  proclamation  to  prohibit  or  suppress 
"  dangerous  associations,"  and  defines  as 
dangerous  any  association  which  (inter  alia) 
interferes  with  the  administration  of  the  law 
or  disturbs  the  maintenance  of  law  and  order. 

It  may  be  noted  too  that  the  old  Acts, 
known  as  the  Whitebov  Acts,  some  of  which 
were  passed  by  the  Irish  Parliament,  appear 
to  be  still  in  force.  These  Acts  give  the  Go- 
vernment extensive  powers  for  dealing  with 
riotous  or  unlawful  assemblies. 

The  Irish  Government  have  also  the  ordi- 
nary common  law  powers  for  proceeding 
against  persons  who  publish  seditious  libels  or 
engage  in  seditious  conspiracies.  But  legal 
powers  are  of  no  -^vail  unless  the  Government 
make  up  their  minds  to  put  them  into  execu- 
tion, and  can  rely  on  juries  and  magistrates 
to  do  their  duty  when  prosecutions  are  sup- 
ported   by  adequate  evidence. 

DEFENCE    OF    THE    REALM    ACT. 

War  broke  out  on  the  4th  August,  1914,  and 
on  the  8th  August  the  Defence  of  the  Realm 
Act,  1914  (4  and  5  Geo.  V.,  c.  29),  was  passed. 
This  Act  authorised  His  Majesty  in  Council 
to  issue  Regulations,  during  the  continuance  of 


the  war,  "  for  securing  the  public  safety  and 
the  defence  of  the  realm,"  and  instituted  trial 
by  eourtmartial  for  serious  offences  against 
the  Regulations.  Under  these  provisions  thera 
appeared  to  be  ample  powers  lor  dealing  with 
any  maniiestations  of  sedition  or  rebellion. 
But  as  regards  Ireland,  the  teeth  of  this 
enactment  were  drawn  by  the  Defence  of  the 
Realm  Amendment  Act,  1915  (5  Geo.  V.,  <x 
34),  which  was  passed  on  the  18th  March, 
1915.  That  Act  provided  that  any  British 
subject  (not  being  a  person  subject  to  military 
law)  charged  with  an  offence  under  the  De- 
fence of  the  Realm  Acts  might  claim  to  be 
tried  by  a  jury  in  a  civil  court,  instead  of  by 
eourtmartial.  Power  was  given  to  His 
Majesty  to  suspend  the  operation  of  this  pro- 
vision "  in  the  event  of  invasion  or  other 
special  military  emergency. "  But  it  certainly 
would  have  been  difficult  to  have  justified  the 
exercise  of  this  suspensory  power  in  Ireland 
before  any  actual  outbreak  in  arms  had  oc- 
curred. It  was  impossible,  as  stated  by  Mr. 
Birrell  and  other  witnesses,  to  get  a  convic- 
tion, in  any  case  tried  by  a  jury,  for  an 
offence  against  law  and  order,  however  strong 
the  evidence  for  the  Crown  might  be.  The 
power  of  internment  conferred  by  the  Regula- 
tions applied  primarily  to  foreigners,  and 
only  extended  to  British  subjects  when  "hos- 
tile association  "  could  be  established.  There- 
fore, hov-ever  serious  an  offeree  might  be,  the 
only  remedy  was  a  prosecution  before  a  court 
of  summary  jurisdiction,  where  six  months'  im- 
prisonment was  the  maximum  punishment  that 
could  be  imposed,  and  when  a  case  was  tried 
beiore  justices  thtie  was  no  certainty  that  the 
decision  would  be  in  accordance  with  the  evi- 
dence. 

CAUSES  Or  THE  OUTBREAK. 
In  dealing  with  the  series  of  events  which 
led  up  to  the  outbreak  of  the  24th  April, 
1916,  and  in  endeavouring  to  elucidate  the 
causes  of  the  rebellion  in  Ireland,  the  fact 
should_  be  borne  in  mind  that  there  is  always 
a  section  of  opinion  in  that  country  bitterly 
opposed  to  the  British  connection,  "and  that 
in  times  of  excitement  this  section  can  im- 
pose its  sentiments  on  largely  increased  num- 
bers of  the  people.  As  Mr.  Birrell  described 
it:  "The  spirit  of  what  to.-o.ay  is  called  6'inn 
Feinism  is  mainly  composed  of  the  old  hatred 
and'  distrust  of  the  British  connection,  always 
noticeable  in  all  classes,  and  in  all  plac.s, 
varying  in  degree,  and  finding  different  wavs 
of  expression,  but  always  there  as  the  back- 
ground  of    Irish    politics    and    character." 

The  incidents  which  preceded  the  rising  in 
April,  1916,  are  fully  detailed  in  the  evidenca 
of  the  witnesses,  but  may  be  summarised  * 
follows:— In  the  winter  of  1913,  while  indus- 
trial strikes  we.'a  in  progress  in  Dublin,  an 
armed  force  of  working  men,  officially  called 
the  Citizen  Army,  was  first  created.  "As  this 
force  was  partly  armed,  and  the  Dublin 
Metropolitan  Police  are  an  unarmed  force,  the 
employers  were  in  some  cases  compelled  to 
arm  their  cartel's  to  resist  intimidation  by 
the  strikers.  This  lawless  display  ol  force 
should  have    been    a    warning   against   the   ro- 


1C3 


cent  policy  of  permitting  the  indiscriminate 
arming  of  civilians  in  Ireland  in  times  of  tur- 
bulence and  faction.  In  periods  of  peace  it 
may  be  desirable  in  an  orderly  community  to 
disregard  some  seditious  utterances  as  mere 
vapouring,  but  when  a  country  is  engaged'  in 
a  serious  struggle  sedition  alters  its  aspect 
and  becomes  treason,  dang-rous  to  the  com- 
munity, and  should  promptly  be  suppressed. 
As  stated  by  Sir  David  Harrel  in  his  evidence 
the  Irish  people  "are  easily  led,  ana  it  is 
therefore  the  more  incumbent  on  Government 
to  nip  lawlessness  and  disorder  in  the  bud. 
Neglect  ra  this  respect  has  invariably  led  to 
things  getting  out  of  hand,  with  the  result 
that  strong  repressive  measures  become  neces- 
sary, and  much  hardship  is  imposed  upon 
misled,  but  perhaps  comparatively  inoffen- 
sive   people." 

On  the  13th  December,  1913,  in  view  of  in- 
formation that  arms  were  entering  the  pro- 
vince of  Ulster  from  foreign  countries,  in- 
cluding Germany,  a  Proclamation  was  issued 
nnder  the  Customs  Consolidation  Act,  1876, 
prohibiting  the  importation  of  arms  into  Ire- 
land. In  "defiance  of  this,  large  quantities  of 
arms  were  surreptitiously  imported  by  night 
at  Larne  and  other  places,  in  April,  1914. 
Before  this  date  other  similar  consignments 
hau  been  seized  and  confiscated.  It  has  been 
stated  that  as  a  matter  of  policy  it  was  de- 
cided by  the  Government  ~ot  to  take  pro- 
ceedings against  those  responsible  for  this 
breach°  of  the  law.  'the  validity  of  the  Pro- 
clamation was  afterwards  questioned  in  an 
action  brought  by"  a  gunsmith  of  Ulster 
against  the  Customs  authorities,  but  on  the 
15th  June,  1914,  a  majority  of  an  Irish  Court 
uphold  its  validity.  Notwithstanding  this 
decision  the  Irish  '  Government  decided  to 
withdraw  the  Proclamation,  and  the  with- 
drawal, though  decided  on  before  the  out- 
break of  war,  was  publicly  notified  on  the 
5th  August.  1914,  the  day  after  war  broke 
out. 

On  Sunday,  the  26th  July,  1914,  a  large 
consignment'  of  arms  and  ammunitic  i  from 
abroa°d  was  landed  at  Howth,  near  Dublin, 
for  the  use  of  the  Irish  National  Volunteers, 
who  will  be  hereafter  described.  Members 
of  that  force  overpowered  the  Customs  officers 
and  landed  and  distributed  the  arms.  An 
attempt  w;is  made  by  the  Dublin  Metropo- 
litan Police  actum  under  orders  of  Mr.  W.  V. 
Harrel,  the  Assistant  Commissioner,  to  en- 
{,,,,,.  the  Proclamation  by  seizure.  After 
Irving  fruitlessly  to  obtain  the  cooperation 
of'  a  detachment  of  the  Royal  Irish  Constabu- 
lary he  called  in  a  military  force  to  assist 
him,  and  a  few  arms  were  taken,  but  most 
of  the  Volunteers  retired  with  the  weapons 
before  the  arrival  of  the  military.  Whilst 
(I,,,  troop  were  returning  to  barracks  they 
were  attacked  by  a  mot,  and  an  unfortunate 
incident  occurred  by  which  some  members  of 
Hi,,  public  lout  Iheir  lives  through  shuts  from 
II,,.  soldier*  in  Bachelor's  Walk.  Mr.  Elarrel 
\\;is  immediately  mispended  by  the  Chief 
Secretary  pending  further  investigation,  A 
lloyal  Commission  was  appointed  to  enquire 


into  this  matter,  and  sat  from  the  6th  to 
tii3  11th  August,  1914.  In  their  report  which 
was  submitted  to  lour  Majesty,  Mr.  Harrel 
was  censured  by  the  Commission  for  his 
conduct  in  invoking  the  assistance  of  the 
troops,  and  he  resigned  his  position.  The 
Chief  Commissioner — Sir  John  Hoss,  of 
Bladensburg,  had'  previously  resigned  his 
position  after  tne  order  of  temporary  suspen- 
sion had  been  issued  against  Mr.  Harrel.  The 
resignation  of  Mr.  Harrel  was  looked  upon  ly 
the  public  in  Dublin  as  tantamount  to  dis- 
missal, and  while  it  appears  that  it  had  no 
effect  on  the  loyalty  of  the  Dublin  Metropoli- 
tan Police,  it  tended  to  discourage  the  officers 
of  that  body  from  initiative  in  enforcing  the 
law.  Further,  there  can  be  no  doubt  that 
his  dismissal  tended  to  weaken  the  authority 
of  the  police,  as  it  gave  rise  to  the  opinion 
amongst  the  more  ignorant  classes  that  in  any 
case  of  disorder  the  Government  might  not 
support  their  action. 

In  spite  of  the  breach  of  the  Proclamation 
of  December,  1913,  in  the  landing  of  arms  at 
Howth,  the  Irish  Government  decided  (as  in 
the  case  of  the  arms  imported  at  Larne)  to 
take  nO  action,  and  to  institute  no  prosecu- 
tion, ant  on  the  5th  August,  as  has  been 
above  stal<ed,  the  restriction  upon  the  im- 
portation  o)  arms   into  Ireland   was   removed. 

COMMUNICATION    WITH    GERMANY. 

From  the  evidence  given  before  the  Royal 
Commission  it  i%  clear  that  the  insurrection 
was  caused  by  two  bodies  of  men  allied 
together  for  this  purpose,  and  known  as  the 
Irish  Volunteers  and  the  Citizen  Army.  It 
is  now  a  matter  of  common  notoriety  that 
the  Irish  Volunteers  have  been  in  communi- 
cation with  the  authorities  in  Germanv,  :  nd 
were  for  a  long  time  known  to  be  supplied 
with  money  through  Irish  American  societies. 
This  was  so  stated  in  public  by  Mr.  John 
McNeill  on  the  8th  November.  1914.  It  was 
suspected  long  before  the  outbreak  that  some 
of  the  money  came  from  German  sources. 

The  following  facts  show  what  was  known 
of  the  origin  and  development  of  these  two 
bodies,  and  the  action  taken  by  (lie  Irish 
Government  in  dealing  with  their  activities: 

The  Irish  National  Volunteers  owed  fieir 
origin  to  a  meeting  at  Dublin  in  November, 
1913,  of  twelve  men  who  came  together  to 
discuss  the  formation  of  an  Irish  Volunteer 
Army.  The  founders  of  the  force  included 
John'  McNeill,  Buhner  Hobson,  P.  H.  Pearse, 
and  The.  O'Rahilly.  After  the  decision  to 
enrol  volunteers  had  been  taken,  a  meeting 
attended  by  some  thousands  of  people  was 
held  in  Dublin,  and  the  movement  took 
shape.  ("Secret  History  of  the  Irish  Volun- 
teers," by  The  O'Rahilly.)  It  <vas  started 
quite  independently  of  ;  ny  Irish  political 
party  by  men  strongly  opposed  to  nny  poli- 
tical connection  of  Ireland  with  England.  Py 
June,  1914,  65,000  men  were  reported  to  have 
been  enrolled,  and  Mr.  Redmond  in  that 
month  succeeded  in  securing  the  addition  of 
enontjh  members  to  the  Committee  to  secure 
to  himself  and  his  party  the  control  of  the 
movements  of  the  body,  to  the  great  dissatis- 


133 


faction  of  the  original  founders.  On  the  eve 
of  the  Prime  Minister's  meeting  in  Dublin 
on  the  25th  September,  1914 — where  Mr. 
Redmond  spoke  strongly  in  favour  of  recruit- 
ing— a  manifesto  was  issued  attacking  Mr. 
Redmond's  attitude.  This  was  signed  by 
McNeill  and  six  others  (afterwards  involved 
in  the  rebellion),  and  concluded  by  regretting 
that  Sir  Roger  Casement's  absence  prevented 
his  being  a  signatory.  On  September  3Cth 
this  party  dissociated  themselves  from  the 
Irish  National  Volunteers,  and  formed  a  new 
force  under  the  name  of  the  Irish  Volunteers. 
By  the  end  of  October  the  force  enrolled 
numbered  over  13,000,  including  2,000  in 
Dublin.  Of  these,  more  than  8,000  were 
known  to  be  actively  engaged  in  drilling  at 
the  end  of  1914,  and  to  be  hi  possession  of 
over  1,400  riflesi. 

FORCES  OF   DISLOYALTY. 

It  was  of  paramount  importance  that,  after 
the  outbreak  of  the  present  war,  no  oppor- 
tunity should  have  been  given  for  the  drilling 
and  arming  of  any  body  of  men  known  to  be 
of  seditious  tendency,  and  no  other  considera- 
tion should  have  interfered  with  the  enforcing 
of  this  duty.  After  the  war  broke  out  there 
was  a  considerable  wave  of  feeling  in  Ireland 
in  favour  of  the  Allies.  Reservists  joining 
the  Colours  were  greeted  with  enthusiasm, 
and  recruiting  was  successful.  It  was  owing 
to  the  activities  of  the  leaders  of  the  Sinn 
Fein  movement  that  the  forces  of  disloyalty 
gradually  and  steadily  increased,  and  under- 
mined the  initial   sentiment  of  patriotism. 

The  words  "Sinn  Fein"  (ourselves 
alone)  rather  describe  a  movement  than  an 
association,  and  the  principal  efforts  of  those 
connected  with  the  movement  before  the  out- 
break of  the  war  had  been  active  opposition 
to  any  recruiting  of  Irishmen  for  the  British 
Army  and  Navy,  and  a  passive  opposition 
to  all  Irish  Parliamentary  parties.  From 
the  fact  that  some  leaders  of  the  Sinn  Fein 
movement  also  led  the  Irish  Volunteers,  the 
latter  have  frequently  been  called  the  Sinn 
Fein  Volunteers,  and  the  two  expressions 
from  the  end  of  1914  are  synonymous.  Be- 
tween the  5th  August,  1914,  and  the  5th 
December,    1914,   there   was   no   law   in   force 

firohibiting  the  importation  of  arms  into  lre- 
and.  Certain  warrants  had  been  issued  by  the 
Lord  Lieutenant,  authorising  the  police  to  seize 
arms,  but  on  the  5th  December  an  amendment 
of  the  regulations  under  the  Defence  of  tha 
Realm  Act  empowered  the  police  to  seize 
arms  and  explosives  which  might  be  landed 
on  the  coast,  an  exception  being  made  in 
favour  of  sporting  shot  guns,  which  was,  how- 
ever, cancelled  on  the  5th  February,  1C15. 
Nevertheless,  arms  and  explosives  continued 
to  be  smuggled  into  Ireland.  A  flood  of 
seditious  literature  was  disseminated  by  the 
leaders  of  the  Irish  Volunteer  Party  early  in 
the  war,  and  certain  newspapers  were  sup- 
pressed, but  according  to  the  statement  of  the 
Under-Secretary  for  Ireland,  action  against 
the  seditious  Press  was  not  very  consistently 
^aken,   and  prominent   members  of  the  Irish 


Parliamentary    Party    were    strongly    against 
newspaper  suppression. 

LACK  OF  ATTENTION  IN  PARLIAMENT. 

By  the  end  of  March,  1915,  the  Irish  Volun- 
teers do  not  appear  to  have  increased  much 
in  numbers,  although  they  had  acquired  more 
arms.  On  March  16th,  1915,  the  Defence  of 
the  Realm  Act,  No.  2,  was  passed,  by  which 
any  British  subject  could  claim  the  right  to 
trial  by  jury  for  an  offence  against  the  De- 
fence of  the  Realm  regulations,  and  th:s  Act, 
to  a  great  extent,  hampered  the  Irish  Execu- 
tive in  dealing  with  cases  of  sedition  in  Ire- 
land. Insufficent  attention  appears  to  have 
been  paid  to  the  state  of  affairs  in  Ireland  in 
both  Houses  of  Parliament. 

Throughout  the  whole  of  the  remainder  of 
the  year  1915  the  Irish  Volunteer  Party  were 
active  in  their  efforts  to  encourage  sedition. 
Seditious  papers  were  published,  pamphlets  of 
a  violent  tone  issued  and  circulated,  paid 
organsers  were  sent  throughout  the  country 
to  enrol  and  drill  volunteer  recruits,  and  the 
leaders  themselves  were  active  in  attending 
anti-recruiting  meetings  at  which  disloyal 
speeches  were  openly  made.  A  considerable 
number  of  the  younger  members  of  the  priest- 
hood in  certain  disti'icts  joined  in  the  move- 
ment, and  schoolmasters  who  were  followers 
of  the  Sinn  Fein  movement  disseminated 
treason  amongst  the  younger  people  through 
the  medium  of  the  Irish  language. 

IRISH    PARTY'S    ACTION. 

Action  was  taken  during  th:s  period  against 
seditious  newspapers,  and  against  certain  paid 
organisers  of  the  Irish  Volunteer  Party,  but 
th  s  course  was  strongly  opposed  by  members 
of  the  Irish  Parliamentary  Party  and  the 
Nationalist  Press.  Major  Price,  in  his  evi- 
dence, says: — "One  unfortunate  thing  which 
hindered  us  a  good  deal  was  the  attitude  of 
the  official  Nationalist  Party  and  their  Press. 
Whenever  General  Friend  did  anything  strong 
in  the  way  of  suppressing  or  deporting  these 
men  (the  organisers)  from  Ireland,  they  at 
once  deprecated  it,  and  said  it  was  a 
monstrous  th  ng  to  turn  a  man  out  of  Ire- 
land." 

Irishmen,  no  doubt,  appreciate  the  main- 
tenance of  order,  but  they  appear  to  have  an 
inveterate  prejudice  against  the  punishment 
of  disorder. 

So  seditious  had  the  country  become  during 
1915  that  juries  in  Dublin,  and  magistrates 
in  various  parts  of  the  country — through  fear 
or  favour — could  not  be  trusted  to  give  deci- 
s'ons  in  accordance  with  the  evidence.  The 
only  tribunals  which  could  be  relied  upon  at 
this  time  were  those  presided  over  by  resident 
magistrates  in  Dublin  or  Belfast,  who  had  no 
power  to  impose  a  greater  sentence  than  six 
months'  hard  labour. 

EFFECT  OF  COMPULSORY  SERVICE. 

The  question  of  the  application  of  compul- 
sory service  gave  a  great  stimulus  to  the  Irish 
Volunteer  movement  in  the  autumn  of  1915, 
and  shortly  before  the  recent  outbreak  the 
number  of  Irish  Volunteers  was  estimated  by 


200 


the  police  authorities  to  be  about  15,000, 
armed  with  over  1,800  rifles,  and  about  the 
game  number  of  shot  guns  and  pistols. 

During  the  greater  part  of  this  period  the 
Citizen  Army  remained  distinct  from  the 
Irish  Volunteers.  The  movement  which  led 
to  the  formation  of  the  former  body,  com- 
posed chiefly  of  Dublin  workmen,  was  to  a 
large  extent  inspired  by  anarchist  sentiment 
based  on  Irish'  discontent.  The  leader  was 
James  Connolly,  who  is  described  as  a  man 
of  great  energy  and  ability.  By  the  month 
of  November,  1915,  it  was  known  that  the 
two  bodies  were  acting  in  combination  in 
Dublin. 

In  the  newspaper,  The  Worker's  Republic, 
edited  by  James  Connolly,  the  following 
passage  occurs  : — 

"  The  Irish  Citizen  Army  was  the  first  pub- 
licly organised  armed  citizen  force  south  of 
the"  Boyne  Its  constitution  pledged  and  still 
pledges  its  members  to  work  for  an  Irish 
Republic  and  for  the  emancipation  of  labour." 

Throughout  the  whole  of  this  year  Ireland 
was  in  a  state  of  great  prosperity,  so  that 
Irish  discontent  could  hardly  be  attributed  to 
economic  conditions,  except  that  the  housing 
conditions  of  the  working  classes  in  the  City 
of  Dublin  might  have  accounted  for  an  under- 
lying sense  of  dissatisfaction  with  existing 
authority. 

In  the  meantime  the  Volunteers  were 
steadily  drilled  and  practised  military 
manoeuvres  by  day  and  night.  Ambulance 
classes  were  formed  in  imitation  of  a  similar 
organisation  in  Ulster  formed  by  the  Ulster 
Volunteers.  In  Dublin  the  Irish  Volunteers 
held  officers'  training  schools  and  carried  out 
night  attacks,  and  some  manoeuvres  took 
place  in  the  middle  of  the  city  and  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  the  Castle. 

During  this  period  the  National  or  Red- 
mondite  Volunteers  had  sunk  into  almost 
comnlete  stagnation,  and  towards  the  close 
of  the  year  1915  the  largest  aimed  and  drilled 
force  in  the  provinces  of  Leinster,  Monster, 
and  Connaught — exclud  ng  soldiers —  were  the 
Irish  Volunteers. 

AN     INTEHCf-PTED     LHTTER. 

In  a  letter  intercepted  by  the  Censor  in  Ctj 
post  on  the  24th  March,  1916,  and  believed 
to  have  been  written  by  one  of  the  teaching 
staff  of  St.  Mary's  College,  Rathmines,  to  a 
friend  in  America,  the  following  extract  ap- 
pears, and  ia  cf  interest  as  an  indication  of 
the  spirit  that  was  abroad'  in  disloyal  sections 
of  the  community  : — 

"  On  St.  Patrick's  Day  there  was  a  lot  of 
people  put  into  prison  under  the  Defence  of 
the  Realm  Act.  There  was  a  rumour  that 
they  intended  to  seize  the  arms  of  the  Volun- 
teers. The  police  raided  a  lot'  of  places,  but 
only  gi  one  I  inarm  in  a  house,  and  gave  up 
the  jo D.  The  Castle  i9  watching  them  closely, 
but  is  afraid  to  do  anything  against  them. 
There  was  a  march  in  the  streets  of  Dublin, 
right  through  the  city,  in  front  of  the  foreign 
ge  of  liinity  an<J  I' rore  the  Parliament 
House.  1  he  Volunteers  w-.c  all  armed  with 
rifles.     Eoin   McNeill    was  present,    and    they 


saluted  him  as  they  marckeu  by,  and  all  this 
under  the  nose  of  the  Castle.  It  is  a  dan- 
gerous thing  to  do,  lut  the  Volunteers  do  not 
care.  They  are  getting  stronger  every  day. 
Many  efforts  are  being  made,  for  it  is  known 
now  that  they  are  our  only  hope,  since  they 
put  conscription  down  some  time  ago.  Red- 
mond is  done  f-r.  Whoever  winj  the  war, 
this  country  will  be  wronged  and'  plundered, 
but  the  people  of  Ireland  are  not  disposed  of 
yet.  Their  spirit  is  always  improving  and 
growing  more  Irish.  One  thing  is  clear,  if  not 
others.  An  end  is  being  put  to  the  rule  and 
insolence  of  the  '  Peelers. '  They  are  not  nearly 
so  arrogant  as  they  used  to  be.  I  hope  to  God 
we  may  see  you  in  Ireland  when  you  have 
finished  your  time  over  there.  We  want  the 
like  of  you  to  strike  a  blow  at  John  Bull. 
Easter  will  soon  be  over ;  then  there  will  be 
the  summer  coming   en.     May   and   June   will 

pass  by — not  very  hot  as  yet — and  then  

you  know  as  well  as  I  do,  and  no  doubt  much 
better." 

CONFIDENTIAL    POLICE    REPORTS. 

Before  turning  to  the  events  of  the  present 
year  it  is  desirable  to  refer  to  the  confidential 
reports  of  the  Inspector-General  of  the  Royal 
Irish  Constabulary  and  of  the  Chief  Commis- 
sioner of  the  Dublin  Metropolitan  Police,  to 
show  that  even  before  the  outbreak  of  war, 
and  during  the  war,  full  knowledge  of  the 
existing  state  of  affairs  was  supplied  to  the 
Under-Secretary,  and  through  him  to  the 
Chief  Secretary.  On  the  15th  June,  1914,  a 
report  was  submitted  from  the  office  of  the 
Inspector-General,  in  which  it  was  stated : — 

"  in  Ireland  tlie  training  and  drilling  to  the 
use  of  arms  of  a  great  part  of  the  male  popu- 
lation is  a  new  departure  which  is  bound  in 
the  not  far  distant  future  to  alter  all  tne 
existing  conditions  of  life.  Obedience  to  the 
law  has  never  been  a  prominent  characteristic 
of  the  people,  in  times  of  passion  or  excite- 
ment the  law  has  only  been  maintained  by 
force,  and  this  has  been  tendered  practicable 
owing  to  tiie  want  of  cohesion  among  the 
crowds  hostile  to  'he  police.  if  the  people 
became  armed  and  drilled  effective  police  con- 
trol will  vanish.  Events  are  moving.  Each 
county  will  soon  have  a  trained  army  far 
outnumbering  the  police,  and  those  who  con- 
trol the  Volunteers  will  he  in  a  position  to 
dictate  to  what  extent  the  law  of  the  land  may 
be  carried  into  effect." 

WARNING  FROM  DUBLIN. 

As  early  as  the  7th  September,  1914,  the 
Dublin  Metropolitan  Police  were  warning  tho 
Government  of  tlie  danger  to  be  expected 
within  Dublin  itself.  On  that  date  the  fol- 
lowing statement  was  made  to  the  Govern- 
ment : — 

"There  is  no  doubt  that  so  far  as  Dublin 
is  concerned  the  majority  of  the  Irish  National 
Volunteers  would  follow  the  lead  of  the  ex- 
treme section,  and  hints  have  been  given  that 
they  are  not  without  hope  of  being  able  to 
assume  and  establish  control  of  the  Govern- 
ment of  Ireland  before  the  present  difficulties 
are  over,  and  that  they  may  attempt  soma 
escapade  Leiore  long."- 


201 


'  On  the  26th  October,  1914,  the  Detective 
Department  of  the  Dublin  Metropolitan  Police 
iiibnritted  to  the  Under-Secretary  notes  of  the 
Speeches  made  by  the  Irish  Volunteers  at  their 
arst  annual  Convention.  The  demonstrators 
jiad  marched  to  the  meeting  nearly  1,000 
strong,  230  of  their  number  armed  with  rifles, 
jind  20  of  the  National  Boy  Scouts,  similarly 
equipped.  (Speeches  of  the  most  inflammatory 
Kind  revolutionary  character  were  delivered. 
The  leaders  predicted  rebellion  and  the  shed- 
ding of  blood  "  in  the  great  fight  of  Ireland 
against   the   British  Empire." 

these  documents  were  seen  by  the  Chief 
Secretary,  but  he  wrote  no  comment  on  th-air 
contents,  and  no  proceedings  were  taken. 

From  the  commencement  the  Dublin  Metro- 
politan Police  were  in  ail  respects  as  diligent 
as  the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary  in  forward- 
ing to  the  Government  regular  information 
as  to  the  conduct  and  progress  of  the  hostile 
organisations    within    their   jurisdiction. 

In  the  annual  report  of  the  Inspector- 
General,  delivered  at  the  end  of  the  year  1914, 
the  following  words  occur: — "In  the  per- 
sonnel of  the  Committee,  in  its  declaration  of 
policy,  in  the  utterances  of  its  leading  repre- 
sentatives in  the  Press,  and  at  public  meetings, 
in  its  opposition  to  the  efforts  of  Mr.  Redmond 
and  the  Irish  Parliamentary  Party  to  bring 
Ireland  into  line  at  the  present  national  crisis, 
and  in  its  crusade  against  enlistment  in  the 
Army,  the  Irish  Volunteer  organisation  has 
shown  itself  to  be  disloyal,  seditious,  and 
revolutionary,  if  the  means  and  opportunity 
were  at  hand'." 

On  the  12th  February,  1915,  a  further  re- 
port was  submitted,  in  which  it  was  staled 
that  at  certain  meetings  of  the  Irish  Republi- 
can Brotherhood  in  Tyrone  members  were  re- 
minded of  the  opportunity  afforded  by  the 
present  crisis  to  strike  a  blow  for  the  inde- 
pendence of  Ireland,  and  they  w7ere  promised 
arms  and  ammunition  when  tne  time  arrived. 

At  certain  places  in  County  Wexford,  after 
the  promulgation  of  military  orders  under 
the  Defence  of  the  Realm  Act  for  the  action 
of  the  inhabitants  in  the  event  of  an  invasion, 
counter-notices  were  placarded  calling  on  the 
people  to  disobey  the  orders  issued,  and  to 
welcome  the  German  troops  as  friends. 

MONEY  FROM    AMERICA. 

In  a  report  submitted  on  the  13th  July, 
1915,  it  was  stated  that  information  had  been 
received  from  a  reliable  source  that  a  sum  of 
3,000  dollars  had  been  recently  sent  from 
America  to  the  Council  of  the  Irish  Volun- 
teers. 

In  a  report  submitted  on  the  14th  Septem- 
ber, 1915,  the  following  passage  occurs : — 

"  According  to  the  information  confiden- 
tially obtained,  communications  are  passing 
between  the  leaders  of  the  Clan-na-Gael  in 
'America  and  the  Sinn  Fein  in  Ireland,  and 
money  has  been  sent  over  to  the  latter  to  help 
them  in  a  campaign  of  disloyalty.  As  the 
leaders  of  the  Irish  Volunteers  apparently  aim 
at  national  independence,  the  force  bears  re- 
eemblance  to  the  old  Fenian  movement,  but, 
unlike  the  lait*?,  is  ready  to  drill  and  arm 


its  members,  and  is  not  regarded  as  a  secret 
society.  As  already  reported,  according  to 
the  confidential  information,  at  a  meeting  of 
the  Council  of  Irish  Volunteers  held  in  Dublin 
on  the  30th  May,  1915,  Professor  McNeill  in 
the  chair,  a  resolution  in  favour  of  the  Irish 
Volunteers  declaring  themselves  in  favour  of 
immediate  insurrection,  proposed  by  Bulmer 
Hobson,  was  only  defeated  by  the  casting  vote 
of  Professor  McNeill." 

DISLOYAL   AND   BITTERLY  ANTI-BRITISH. 

A  report  dated  the  13th  November,  1915, 
contained  the  following  statement : — 

"This  force  is  disloyal  and  bitterly  anti- 
British  and  is  daily  improving  its  organisa- 
tion. Some  drill  is  practised,  but  its  activi- 
ties are  mainly  directed  to  promoting  sedition 
and  hindering  recruitment  for  the  Army,  and 
it  is  now  pledged  to  resist  conscription  with 
arms.  According  to  information  from  a  re- 
liable source,  the  Sinn  Feiners  have  already 
planned  a  rising  in  the  event  of  conscription, 
and,  as  this  is,  perhaps,  the  one  object  in 
which  they  would  find  many  Redmondites  in 
agreement  with  them,  they  might  give  t» 
serious  amount  of  trouble." 

On  the  14th  December,  1915,  a  report  was 
submitted  that  . — 

"The  Irish  Volunteers  were  very  active 
during  the  month,  and  gained  1,300  new 
members.  Lieutenant  O'Leary,  V.C.,  was 
hooted  and  insulted  by  a  party  of  Volunteers 
route  marching.  A  party  of  8G0  held  military 
manoeuvres  at  Artane,  County  Dublin.  The 
liberty  of  action  at  present  enjoyed  by  the 
openly  disloyal  and  hostile  Sinn  Feiners  la 
having  a  very  undesirable  effect." 

ANXIETY  TO  THE  MILITARY. 

On  the  29th  November,  1915,  a  special 
report  was  delivered  which  deserves  study.  It 
contains  the  following  statement: — 

"  It  is  a  fact  that  this  body  of  Irish  Volun- 
teers numbers  10,000  strong  in  the  provinces, 
with  control  of  1,500  rifles,  and  possibly  more, 
thoroughly  disloyal  and  hostile  to  British 
Government,  is  apparently  now  on  the  in- 
crease, and  1  desire  to  point  out  that  it  might 
rapidly  assume  dimensions  sufficient  to  causa 
anxiety  to  the  military  authorities.  As  it  is 
in  the  event  of  an  invasion,  or  of  any  im- 
portant reverse  to  our  troops  in  the  field,  the 
Irish  Volunteer  Force  woirld  seriously  em- 
barrass arrangements   for  home  defence" 

In  addition  to  the  information  contained  in 
the  above,  mentioned  reports  of  the  Royal  Irish 
Constabulary,  Lord  Midleton,  in  November, 
191-5,  had  an  interview  with  the  Chief  Secre- 
tary, in  which  he  strongly  urged  that  the 
Irish  Volunteers  should  be  disarmed,  and  not 
permitted  to  parade,  and  he  pressed  for  the 
prosecution  of  those  responsible  for  seditious 
speeches.  His  warnings  were  entirely 
neglected. 

SERIOUS    AMD    MENACING    SITUATION 

On  the  18th  December,  1915,  a  letter  was 
sent  by  the  Under-Secretary  to  the  Chief 
Secretary,  of  which  tho  following  passage  is 
an  extract : — 


"  What  is  Redmond  up  to,  with  his  com- 
parisons between  Ireland  and  Great  Britain 
in  the  matters  of  police  and  crime?  He 
knows,  or  should  know,  after  what  Dillon 
wrote  to  him  over  a  month  ago  in  the  enclosed 
'  confidential '  letter,  and  repeated  verbally 
on  the  3rd  inst.  The  present  situation  in  Ire- 
land is  most  serious  and  menacing.  Redmond 
himself  sent  me  the  other  '  private  '  enclosure 
on  the  9th.  He  knows,  or  should  know,  that 
the  enrolled  strength  of  the  Sinn  Fein  Volun- 
teers has  increased  by  a  couple  of  thousand 
active  members  in  the  last  two  months  to  a 
total  of  some  13,500,  and  each  group  of  these 
is  a  centre  of  revolutionary  propaganda.  He 
knows,  or  should  know,  that  efforts  are  being 
made  to  get  arms  for  the  support  of  this  pro- 
paganda— that  the  Irish  Volunteers  have  al- 
ready some  2,500  rifles,  and  that  they  have 
their  eyes  on  the  10.000  in  the  hands  of  the 
supine  National  Volunteers,  and  that  they 
are  endeavouring  to  supplement  their  rifles 
with  shot  guns,  revolvers,  and  pistols.  New 
measures,  possibly  requiring  additional  police 
at  the  ports,  will  be  1'equired  to  counter 
these  attempts,  and  unless  in  other 
matters  we  keep  these  revolutionaries 
T.nder  observation,  we  shall  not  be  in  a 
position  to  deal  with  the  outbreak,  which 
we  hope  will  not  occur,  but  which  un- 
doubtedly will  follow7  any  attempt  to  enforce 
conscription,  or,  even  if  there  is  no  such 
attempt,  might  take  place  as  a  result  of 
continual  unsuccess  of  the  British  Arms." 

LORD    MIDLETON'S    ACTION. 

On  the  8th  January,  1015.  Lord  Midleton 
called  attention  in  the  House  of  Lords  to  the 
condition  of  Ireland.  In  the  course  of  his 
evidence  he  said  :  "  I  also  named  four  sedi- 
tious newspapers,  and  pressed  the  Govern- 
ment to  oppose  them,  and  to  say  exactly 
what  was  the  status  of  the  Irish  Volunteers. 
Lord  Crewe's  reply,  which.,  I  hand  in,  mini- 
mised the  increase  of  the  organisation,  ex- 
pressed sanguine  hopes  that  regulations 
issued  by  the  military  authorities  would 
practically  put  a  stop  to  this  dissemination 
of  seditious  newspapers,  and  undertook, 
under  renewed  pressure  from  me,  that  the 
full  attention  of  the  Irish  Government  and  the 
military  authorities  would  be  given  to  tire 
status  of  the  Volunteers."  Lord  Midleton 
further  said:  "On  the  36th  January,  1916, 
I  had  an  interview  with  the  Prime  Minister 
by  appointment,  and  1  brought  all  these  facts 
before  him.  The  Prime  Minister  asked  me  to 
hand  him  a  memorandum  giving  the  views 
which  had  been  placed  into  my  hands,  into 
which  he  undertook  to  make  most  careful 
examination.  1  sent  him  subsequently  at  his 
wish  a  memorandum,  which  I  produce."  He 
I:  "I  had  an  appointment  with  the 
Prime  Minister  for  the  14th  March  on  another 
very  important  subject,  and  I  proposed  then 
to  lay  before  him  the  Report  of  this  Com- 
mittee" (which  had  met  to  discuss  this 
subject)  "  and  to  give  him  a  copy  of  it.  lln- 
f. :r f uniiie! v  the  Prime  Minister  was  taken  i!l 
t'i  the   13th,    and   subsequently   had  to   go  to 


Rome.     In    the    result    the    interview    never 
took  place." 

Besides  the  warnings  above  mentioned  Lord 
Midleton  gave  further  warnings  at  later 
periods.  In  his  evidence  he  stated  that  en 
February  28th  he  saw  Sir  Matthew  Nathan, 
and  on  March  6th  Lord  Wimborr.e,  and  that: 

"  All  the  questions  which  had  been  dis-  j 
cussed  before  were  brought  up  at  this  meet- 
ing, and  Sir  Matthew  Nathan  especially 
pressed  on  me  that  since  our  previous  inter- 
view the  movement  had  been  developing 
mu^h  more  seriously  in  Dublin.  He  men- 
tioned to  me  the  names  cf  those  who  were 
known  to  the  Government  as  tue  chief  con- 
spirators, and  urged  me  to  read  as  a  speci- 
men an  article  by  Sheehy  Skeffington  in  the 
January  or  February  number  of  the  Century. 
I  felt  so  strongly  that  Sir  Matthew  had  not 
the  necessary  powers  that  I  asked  the  Lord 
Lieutenant  of  Ireland  whether  I  could  go 
over  and  see  him,  and  as  he  was  in  London 
he  was  good  enough  to  arrange  a  meeting 
with  me  on  March  6th  in  Arlington  street. 
I  found  Lord  Wimborne  took  rather  a  more 
favourable  view  of  the  position  ir  Trelafivl 
than  Sir  Matthew  Nathan  ....  but  the 
general  trend  of  the  conversation  showed 
that  he  was  most  anxious  to  deal  with  some 
of  the  ringleaders,  and  I  gathered,  although 
he  did  not  say  so  in  words,  he  was  unable  to 
move  further  owing  to  the  general  attitude 
of  the  Government  towards  Ireland  which  it 
was  impossible  to  disturb." 

PROCURING   ARMS  AND   HIGH    EXPLOSIVES. 

Between  Jv.vM-y,  1916,  and  the  outbreak 
of  the  insurrection,  the  Irish  Volunteers 
steadily  increased  in  numbers  and  discipline. 
During  this  time  they  were  known  to  Le 
supplying  themselves  with  quantities  of  arms 
and  high  explosives  by  theft,  or  otherwise, 
when  opportunity  offered.  In  the  early 
months  of  the  year  thy  state  oE  various  parts 
of  the  country  was  known  to  be  lawless.  In 
January  the  heads  of  the  Royal  Irish  Con- 
stabulary submitted  to  the  Under  Secretary 
suggestions  for  the  amendment  of  the  De- 
fence of  the  Realm  Act  and  Regulations. 
They  pointed  out  that  trial  by  jury  had 
proved  to  be  a  failure,  and  that  in  nriiny 
parts  of  Ireland  the  magistrates  could  not 
be  relied  upon  to  enforce  the  existing  regula- 
tions. A  conference  was  held  at  the  Castle 
to  consider  these  recommendations  early  in 
February.  Amendments  of  the  law  and  pro- 
hibition of  the  carrying  of  arms  by  the  Irish 
Volunteers  were  suggested  as  remedial  mea- 
sures in  a  carefully  written  paper  of  recom- 
mendations submitted  to  the  conference.  It 
was  attended  by  Mr.  O'Connell,  Deputy  In- 
spector-General of  the  Royal  Irish  Constabu- 
lary, the  Under  Secretary,  General  Friend, 
and  the  Solicitor-General.  Ihe  only  sugges- 
tion discussed  was  that  dealing  with  explo- 
sives— the  more  serious  matters  were  not  even 
brought     forward.  Upon     this     point    Mr. 

O'Connell  remarked — "It  was  rny  impression, 


203 


rightly   or  wrongly,   that   they  had  been   dis- 
cussed by  higher  authorities.  ' 

The  publication  of  newspapers  containing 
seditious  articles  continued  during  the  spring 
of  1916.  A  number  of  seditious  books  called 
"Tracts  for  the  Times"  were  circulated. 
Major  Price,  of  the  Army  Intelligence  De- 
partment, informed  the  Commission  that  he 
nad  consultations  with  regard  to  this 
matter,  but  added: — "I  liken  myself  to  John 
(the  Baptist  preaching  in  the  Wilderness  as  to 
'taking    steps    on  .  the    subject.  The      civil 

authorities  did  not  think  it  desirable  to  take 
eteps." 

"  A    PACK    OF    REBELS.  " 

On  St.  Patrick's  Day,  the  17th  March, 
there  was  a  parade  of  the  Irish  Volunteers 
throughout  the  provinces,  under  orders  from 
their  headquarters.  About  4,5C0  turned  out, 
of  whom  1,817  were  armed.  The  report  of 
the  Inspector-General  of  the  Royal  Irish 
Constabulary,  dealing  with  this  parade,  con- 
tained the  following  remarks : — 

"There  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  Irish 
Volunteer  leaders  are  a  pack  of  rebels  who 
would  proclaim  their  independence  in  the 
event  of  any  favourable  opportunity,  but  with 
their  present  resources  and  without  substan- 
tial reinforcements  it  is  difficult  to  imagine 
that  they  will  make  even  a  brief  stand 
against  a  small  body  of  troops.  Ihese  ob- 
servations, however,  are  made  with  reference 
to  the  provinces,  and  not  to  the  Dublin  Metro- 
politan area,  which  is  the  centre  of  the  move- 
ment.'" 

At  the  end  of  last  March  the  Council  of  the 
Irish  Volunteers  assembled  in  Dublin,  and 
issued  a  manifesto  warning  the  public  that 
the  Volunteers  : — ■ 

"Cannot  submit  to  be  disarmed,  and  that 
the  raiding  for  arms  and  the  attempted  dis- 
arming of  men,  therefore,  in  the  natural  course 
of  things  can  only  be  met  by  resistance  and 
bloodshed." 

On  the  7th  April,  1916,  public  meetings  of 
the  Irish  Volunteers  were  held  for  the  pur- 
poses of  protesting  against  the  deportation 
orders  and  to  enlist  recruits.  The  speeches 
were  very  violent,  threats  being  used  that 
persons  attempting  to  disarm  the  Volunteers 
would  be  "  shot  dead." 

THE   CHIEF   COMMISSIONER,    D.M.P. 

The  Chief  Commissioner  made  a  report  to 
tbe  Under-Secretary,  and  that  document  shows 
clearly  the  view  that  Colonel  Edgeworth- 
Johnstcne  took  of  the  situation  : — 

"  These  recruiting  meetings  are  a  very  un- 
desirable development,  and  a?e,  I  think,  caus- 
ing both  annoyance  and  uneasiness  amongst 
loyal  citizens.  .  .  .  The  Sinn  Fein  Party 
are  gaining  in  numbers,  in  equipment,  in  dis- 
cipline, and  in  confidence  and  1  think  drastic 
action  should  le  taken  to  limit  their  activities. 
The  Inrger  this  is  postponed  the  more  difficult 
it  will  be  to  carry  out." 


This  report  reached  the  Under-Secretary  on 
the  10th  April,  who  wrote  on  it:  "Chief 
Secretary  and  the  Lord  Lieutenant  to  see  the 
Chief  Commissioner's  minute."  On  the  12th 
the  Chief  Secretary  wrote  upon  it :  "  Requires 
careful  consideration.  Is  it  thought  practic- 
able to  undertake  a  policy  of  disarmament, 
and,  if  so,  within  what  limits,  if  any,  can 
such  a  policy  be  circumscribed?"  Upon  the 
same  day  the  Lord  Lieutenant  wrote-  upon  it: 
"  This  is  a  difficult  point ;  could  the  disarm- 
ing be  satisfactorily  effected?" 

No  answer  to  the  minute  was  returned  to 
the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary,  and  the  file  did 
not  find  its  way  back  to  the  inspst tor-General 
until  the  24th  May. 

For  some  rr,onths  before  the  rising,  a  news- 
paper campaign  was  carried  on  suggesting 
that  if  an  attempt  were  made  by  the  Govern- 
ment to  disarm  the  Irish  Volunteers,  it  could 
only  arise  from  the  deliberate  intention  of 
Englishmen  to  provoke  disorder  and  blood- 
shed. 

There  is  no  doubt  that  these  articles  were 
intended  to  intimidate  the  Irish  Government, 
and  to  prevent  their  taking  active  repressive 
measures. 

THE  ARMS  SHIP  AND  THE   BOGUS  CIRCULAR. 

On  the  18th  April  news  reached  Dublin 
Castle  that  a  ship  had  left  Germany  for  Ire- 
land on  April  12th,  accompanied  by  two  Ger- 
man submarines,  but  the  news  was  accom- 
panied by  a  caution  as  to  its  accuracy.  The 
statement  added'  that  the  ship  was  due  to 
arrive  on  the  21st,  and  that  a  rising  was  timec? 
for  Easter  Eve.  On  the  19th  April  a  specif 
meeting  of  the  Dublin  Corporation  was  held 
at  the  Mansion  House  to  discuss  the  poli<« 
rate.  Alderman  Thomas  Kelly,  in  the  course 
of  a  speech  attacking  Mr.  'justice  Kenny 
(who  had  alluded  at  the  opening  of  his  Com- 
mission to  the  state  of  disorder  in  Dublin  and 
had  urged  military  action)  made  a  statement 
to  the  effect  that  he  had  received'  that  morn- 
ing from  the  Editor  of  New  Irchmd  a 
circular  which  he  would  read.  It  was  from 
a  man  named  Little,  New  Ireland  Office,  13 
Fleet    street,    Dublin,    16th    April,    131b:— 

"  Sir, — The  gravity  of  the  present  situation 
in  Ireland  compels  me  to  invite  your  serious 
attention  to  the  enclosed.  It  is  a  copy  of  por- 
tion of  a  document  recently  addressed  to,  and 
on  the  files  in,  Dublin  Castle.  In  view  of  the 
deliberate  intention  here  revealed  on  the  part 
of  the  Government  to  cause  bloodshed  in  Ire- 
land by  an  attack  on  the  Irish  Volunteers — a, 
body  formed  openly  in  pre-war  times — in  a 
manner  certain  to  provoke  armed  resistance  I 
appeal  to  you  to  use  your  influence,  public  *nd 
private,  in  whatever  manner  you  may  Con- 
sider would  best  benefit  this  country."  The 
cipher  from  which  this  document  is  copied, 
does  not   indicate   punctuation  or  capitals." 

Alderman  Kelly  th?n  read  the  document, 
which  appears  on  pages  6  and  7.  Continuing,  he 
said  th<  document  was  evidently  genuine,  and 
1ij  had  done  a  putlic  service  in  drawing  atteu- 


204 


tion  to  it,  in  order  to  prevent  these  military 
operations  being  carried  on  in  a  city  which  he 
declared  was  under  God  the  most  peaceable  in 
Europe. 

This  document  was  an  entire  fabrication. 
Copies  of  it  found  since  the  outbreak  are 
shown  by  identification  of  type  to  have  been 
printed  at  Liberty  Hall,  the  headquarters  of 
the  Citizen  Army.  It  is  not  known  who  was 
the  author  of  this  invention,  or  whether  Mr. 
Little  was  in  any  way  responsible  for  it.  Many 
copies  of  this  forged"  document  were  printed 
and  distributed,  and  it  was  -widely  considered 
by  the  people  to  be  genuine,  and  no  doubt 
led  to  the  belief  by  the  members  of  the  Irish 
Volunteers  and  Citizen  Army  that  they 
would'      shortly      be      disarmed  'ihis      un- 

doubtedly became  one  of  the  proximate  causes1 
of  the  outbreak. 

On  the  22nd  April,  1916,  the  news  of  the 
capture  of  the  German  ship,  and  of  the  rrrest 
of  a  man  believed  to  be  Sir  Roger  Casement, 
was  published.  The  "  Irish  Volunteer  "  news- 
paper announced  in  its  issue  of  that  day 
under  the  title   of  Headquarters'    Bulletin  : — 

"  Arrangements  are  now  nearing  comple- 
"  tion  in  all  the  more  important  brigade 
"  areas  for  the  holding  of  a  very  interesting 
"series  of  manoeuvres  at  Easter.  In  some 
"instances  the  arrangements  contemplate 
"  a  one  or  two  day  bivouac.  As  for  Easter 
"the  Dublin  programme  may  well  stand 
"as  a  model  for  other  areas." 
Reference  was  also  made  to  a  more  elabo- 
rate series  of   manoeuvres  at    Whitsuntide. 

It  is  clear  that  the  leaders  of  the  movement 
expected  the  arrival  of  the  ship,  since  emis- 
saries of  the  Irish  Volunteers  were  sent  "to 
meet  it.  The  vessel,  however,  and  Sir  Roger 
Casement,  appear  to  have  arrived  a  little 
sooner  than   was  expected. 

On  the  news  of  the  capture  of  the  ship 
orders  were  given  at  the  Headquarters  of 
the  Irish  Volunteers  cancelling  throughout  all 
Ireland  the  arrangements  for  the  following 
day — Sunday.  The  order  was  signed 
"McNeill,  Chief  of  f-aff."  This  appeared  in 
the  early  evening  papers  of  Saturday,  the 
?2r.-.'  April. 

In  the  evening  of  the  22nd  it  was  known 
to  the  authorities  that  the  man  arrested  was 
Sir  Roger  Casement.  A  conference  was  held 
at  Dublin  Castle  on  the  same  evening.  The 
abandonment  of  the  parade  of  the  Volunteers 
for  Sunday  was  then  known.  No  movements 
of  the  Volunteers  took  place  on  that  day.  A 
report  was  received  on  Sunday  afternoon  that 
there  had  been  a  robbery  under  arms  at  about 
8  o'clock  a.m.  of  250lbs.  of  gelignite  from 
quarries  a  few  miles  south-west  of  Dublin, 
and  that  it  was  believed  the  stolen  material 
or  part  of  it,  had  been  taken  to  Liberty  Hall. 
Conferences  held  during  Sunday,  the  23rd) 
April,  at  ths  Castle  are  fully  detailed  in  t'i 
evidence  of  Lord  Witnborne,  Sir  Matthew 
Nathan  and'  Other  witnesses.  It  was  even- 
tually decided  that  the  proper  course  was  to 
arrest  all  the  Leaders  of  the  movement,  there 


being  by  this  time  clear  evidence  of  their 
"  hostile  association,"  but  it  was  agreed  that 
before  this  could  be  safely  done  military  pre- 
parations sufficient  to  overawe  armed  opposi- 
tion should  be  secured. 

Early  in  the  morning  of  the  24th  April  the 
Chief  Secretary's  concurrence  with  the  pro- 
posed arrest  and  internment  in  England  of 
the  hostile  leaders  was  asked  for  and  ob- 
tained, but  before  any  further  effective  steps 
could  be  taken  the  insurrection  had  broken 
out,  and  by  noon  many  portions  of  the  City 
of  Dublin  had  been  simultaneously  occupied 
by  rebellious   armed  forces. 

There  is  no  doubt  that  the  outbreak  had 
been  carefully  planned  beforehand.  A 
pocketbook  discovered  upon  one  of  the  rebels 
who  took  part  in  the  rising  in  Wexford  con- 
tained a  list  of  the  places  actually  seized  in 
Dublin   when  the   outbreak   occured. 

CONCLUSIONS. 

The  following  are  the  conclusions  arrived  at 
by  the  Commission  : — 

It  is  outside  the  scope  of  Your  Majesty's 
instructions  to  us  to  enquire  how  far  the 
policy  of  the  Irish  Executive  was  adopted  by 
the  Cabinet  as  a  whole,  or  to  attach  respon- 
sibility to  any  but  the  civil  and  military  execu- 
tive in  Ireland  ;  but  the  general  conclusion 
that  we  draw  from  the  evidence  before  us  is 
that  the  main  cause  of  the  rebellion  appears 
to  be  that  lawlessness  was  allowed  to  grow  up 
unchecked,  and  that  Ireland  for  several  years 
has  been  administered  on  the  principle  that  it 
was  safer  anj  more  expedient  to  leave  law  in 
abeyance  if  collision  with  any  faction  of  the 
Irish  people  could  thereby  be  avoided.  Such 
a  policy  is  the  negation  of  that  cardinal  rule 
of  government  which  demands  that  the  en- 
forcement of  law  and  the  preservation  of  order 
shou'r!  always  be  independent  of  political  ex- 
pediency. 

We  consider  that  the  importation  of  large 
quantities  of  arms  into  Ireland  after  the  lapse 
of  the  Arms  Act,  and  the  toleration  of  drilling 
by  large  bodies  of  men  fii^t  in  Ulster,  and 
then  in  other  districts  of  Ireland,  created  con- 
ditions which  rendered  possible  the  recent 
troubles  in  Dublin  and  elsewhere. 

It  appears  to  us  that  reluctance  was  shown 
by  the  Irish  Government  to  repress  by  prose- 
cution written  and  spoken  seditious  utter- 
ances, and  to  suppress  the  drilling  and 
manoeuvring  of  armed  forces  known  to  bo 
under  the  control  of  men  who  were  openly 
declaring  their  hostility  to  Your  Majesty's 
Government  and  their  readiness  to  welcome 
and  assist  Your  Majesty's  enemies. 

PRESSURE     OF     THE     IRISH     PARTY. 

This  reluctance  was  largely  prompted  by 
the  pressure  brought  to  bear'  by  the  I'arlia- 
inciitaiy  representatives  of  the  Irish  people, 
and  in  [."eland  itself  there  developed  a  wide- 
spread   belief    that     no   repressiva     measure* 


2C5 


would  be  undertaken  by  the  Government 
against  sedition.  This  led  to  a  rapid  increase 
ot  preparations  for  insurrection,  and  was  the 
immediate  cause  of  the  recent  outbreak. 

"We  are  of  opinion  that  from  the  commence- 
ment of  the  present  war  all  seditious  utter- 
ances and  publications  should  have  been 
firmly  suppressed  at  the  outset,  and  if  juries 
or  magistrates  were  found  unwilling  to  enforce 
this  policy  further  powers  should  have  been 
invoked  under  the  existing  Acts  for  the  De- 
fence of  the  Realm. 

We  are  also  of  opinion  that  on  the  outbreak 
of  war  all  drilling  and  manoeuvring  by  un- 
recognised bodies  of  men,  whether  armed  or 
unarmed,  should  have  been  strictly  prohibited, 
and  that  as  soon  as  it  became  known  to  the 
Irish  Government  that  the  Irish  Volunteers 
and  the  Citizen  Army  were  under  the  control 
of  men  prepared  to  assist  Your  Majesty's 
enemies  if  the  opportunity  should  be  offered  to 
them,  all  drilling  and  open  carrying  ot  arms 
by  these  bodies  of  men  should  have  been 
forcibly  suppressed. 

It  does  not  appear  to  be  disputed  that  the 
authorities  in  the  spring  of  1916,  while  be- 
lieving that  the  seditious  bodies  would  not 
venture  unaided  to  break  into  insurrection, 
were  convinced  that  they  were  prepared  to 
assist  a  German  landing. 

We  are  further  of  opinion  that  at  the  risk 
of  a  collision  early  steps  should  have  been 
taken  to  arrest  and  prosecute  leaders  and 
organisers  of   sedition. 

For  the  reasons  before  given,  we  do  not 
think  that  any  responsibility  rests  upon  the 
Lord  Lieutenant.  He  was  appointed  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1915,  and  was  in  no  way  answerable 
for  the  policy  of  the  Government. 

MR.     BIRRELL    RESPONSIBLE. 

We  are,  however,  of  the  opinion  that  the 
Chief  Secretary  as  the  administrative  head  of 
Your  Majesty's  Government  in  Ireland'  is 
primarily  responsible  for  the  situation  that  was 
allowed  to  arise  and  the  outbreak  thdt  oc- 
curred. 

Sir  Matthew  Nathan  assumed  cffice  as 
Under-Secretary  to  the  Irish  Government  in 
September,  1914,  only.  In  our  view  he 
carried  out  with  the  utmost  loyalty  the  policy 
of  the  Government,  and  of  his  immediate 
superior,  the  Chief  Secretary,  but  we  con- 
sider that  he  did  not  sufficiently  impress  upon 
the  Chief  Secretary  during  the  latters  pro- 
longed absences  from  Dublin  the  necessity  for 
more  active  measures  to  remedy  the  situation 
in  Ireland,  which  cm  December  18th  last,  in  a 
letter  to  the  Chief  Secretary,  he  described  as 
"most  serious  and  menacing." 

We  are  satisfied  that  Sir  Neville  Chamber- 
lain, the  Inspector-General  of  the  Royal  Irish 
Constabulary,  and  Colonel  Edgeworth- 
' Johnstone,  the  Chief  Commissioner  of  the 
Dublin    Metropolitan    Police,    required     their 


subordinates  to  furnish,  and  did  receive  from 
their  subordinates,  full  and  exact  reports  as 
to  the  nature,  progress,  and  aims  of  the 
various  armed  associations  in  Ireland.  From 
these  sources  the  Government  had  abundant 
material  on  which  they  could  have  acted  many 
months  before  the  leaders  themselves  con- 
templated any  actual  rising. 

POLICE    PRAISED. 

For  the  conduct,  zeal,  and  loyalty  of  the 
Royal  Irish  Constabulary  and  the  Dublin 
Metropolitan  Police  we  h*ve  nothing  but 
praise. 

We  do  not  attach  any  responsibility  to  the 
military  authorities  in  Ireland  for  the  rebellion 
or  its  results.  As  long  as  Ireland  wa*  under 
civil  government  those  authorities  tad  nothing 
to  do  with  the  suppression  of  seditlin.  The.;? 
duties  were  confined  to  securing  efficiency  1/ 
their  own  ranks  and  to  the  promotion  of  re- 
cruiting, and  they  could  only  aid  in  the  sup- 
pression of  disorder  when  duly  called  on  bj 
the  civil  power.  By  the  middle  of  1915  it  wak 
obvious  to  the  military  authorities  that  thek 
efforts  m  favour  of  recruiting  were  beinjf 
frustrated  by  the  hostile  activities  of  thfc 
Sinn  Fein  supporters,  and  they  made  repi»,K 
mentations  to  the  Government  to  that  effect 
The  general  danger  of  the  situation  wa* 
clearly  pointed  out  to  the  Irish  Government 
by  the  military  authorities,  on  their  ov? 
initiative,  in  February  last,  but  the  warrmf 
teli  on  unheeding  ears. 

In  conclusion,  we  desire  to  place  un  rccor<? 
our  high  appreciation  of  the  services  rendered 
with  ability  and  energy  by  our  Bonoriry 
Secretary.  For  several  months  Mr.  Grimwoc* 
Meats  gave  iiis  services  voluntarily  to  th.-, 
Government  in  their  investigation  into  cases  o 
alleged  German  atiocities,  and  subsequently 
served  as  joint  Honorary  Secretary  to  the  Cols* 
mittee  on  alleged  German  outrages,  generally 
known  as  Lord  Bryce's  Committee  The  ex- 
perience thus  gained  by  him  has  been  of 
gieat  ad\antage  to  Your  Majesty's  Commis- 
sioners. 

We  offer  our  cordial  thanks  to  the  Secretary 
of  the  Commission  for  the  assistance  he  has 
given  us  in  the  performance  of  our  task. 

AH  which  we  humbly  submit  and  report  for 
Your  Majesty's  gracious  consideration. 


(Signed)     Hardinge    of   Penshurst, 
„         Montague  Shearman, 
},  Mackenzie  Dalzell  Chalmers. 

E.    GlUTvIWOOD  Meaks, 

Secretary. 
June  26th,   1916. 


205 


SHOOTING  OF  THREE  MEN  IN 
PORTOBELLO  BARRACKS. 


ROYAL  COMMISSION  OF  INQUIRY. 

A  Royal  Commission  of  Inquiry  opened  in  the 
Four  Courts,  Dublin,  on  Wednesday,  23vd 
August,  and  concluded  on  Thursday,  31st 
August,  1916,  into  the  circumstances  connected 
with  the  shooting  of  Francis  Sheehy  Skeffing- 
ton,  Thomas  Dickson,  and  Patrick  J.  Mac- 
Intyre,  on  25th  April,  1916,  at  Portobello  Bar- 
racks.   The  Commissioners  who  presided  were  : 

Sir  John  A.  Simon,  K.C.V.O.,  K.C.,  M.P. 
(Chairman). 

Lord  Justice  Molony. 

Mr.  Denis  Henry,  K.C.,  M.P, 

THE     COMMISSIONERS'      REPORT. 

On  29th  September,  1916,  the  following 
report  was  issued  by  the  Commission  : — 

1.  In  accordance  with  Your  Majesty's  com- 
mand, signified  by  your  Royal  Commission 
dated  the  17th  day  of  August,  1916,  we  have 
conducted  an  inquiry  into  "the  facts  and 
circumstances  connected  with  the  treatment  of 
Mr.  Francis  Sheehy  Skeffington,  Mr.  Thomas 
Dickson,  and  Mr.  Patrick  J.  Maclntyre  upon 
and  after  their  arrest  on  the  25th  day  of  April 
last." 

2.  We  held  the  first  sitting  for  the  examina- 
tion of  witnesses  on  Wednesday  morning,  the 
23rd  day  of  August,  1916,  at'  11  o'clock,  at 
the   Four   Courts,    Dublin.      The  inquiry    was 

'  then  opened  and  Your  Majesty's   Commission 
was  read  in  open  court. 

3.  The  following  counsel  appeared  : — 

(1)  The  Right  Hon.  J.  H.  M.  Campbell, 
K.C.,  Attorney-General,  and  Mr.  Cusack,  on 
behalf  of  His  Majesty's  Government. 

(2)  Mr.  T.  M.  Healy,  K.C.,  and  Mr.  P. 
A  O'C.  White,  and  Mr.  R.  J.  Sheehy,  on  be- 
half of  the  family  of  Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffington 
and  also  on  behalf  of  the  family  of  Mr. 
Thomas  Dickson. 

(3)  Mr.  J.  B.  Powell,  K.C.,  and  Mr.  Swayne 
on  behalf  of  the  Military  Authorities. 

(4)  Mr.  T.  W.  Brown  on  behalf  of  Major 
RosboroLigh   and   Lieutenant   Morgan. 

(5)  Mr."  J.  A.  Rearden  on  behalf  of  Alder- 
man J.  J    Kelly. 

Mr.  Brennan,  solicitor,  appeared  on  behalf 
of  the  family  of  Mr.   P.  J.  Maclntyre. 

4.  Our  sittings  closed  on  the  31st  day  cf 
August,  1916,  having  occupied  six  days,  dur- 
ing which  the  evidence  of  38  witnesses  was 
taken. 

THE     COMMAND    OF    THE     BARRACKS. 

5.  The  Barracks  of  Portobello  were,  on 
the  24th  day  of  April  last,  occupied  by  the 
3m]  Reserve  Battalion  of  the  Royal  Irish  Rifles. 
The.  battalion  was  commanded  by  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  McCammond,  but  he  was  unfortu- 
nately on  sick  leave  from  the  22nd  to  the 
29th  April,  and  in  his  absence  the  command 
devolved  upon  Major  Rosborough. 

6  The  in  urrection  broke  out  early  on  the 
24lh  of  April,  and  at  noon  On  that  day   many 


buildings  and  places  in  the  city  were  occupied 
by  the  rebels.  When  the  knowledge  of  the 
rising  spread  through  the  city  officers  and 
soldiers  on  leave  repaired  to  the  nearest  bar- 
racks and  reported  for  duty,  and  con- 
sequently at  Portobello  Major  Ros- 
borough had  under  his  command  many 
officers  and  men  who  were  quite  un- 
known to  him,  but  of  whose  services  he  was 
glad  to  avail  himself  in  the  restoration  of 
order. 

7.  The  Portobello  Barracks  lie  outside  the 
city  boundary  of  Dublin  on  the  south  side, 
being  bounded  on  the  north  by  the  Grand 
Canal,  on  the  east  by  the  Rathmines  road, 
and  on  the  south  bv  the  suburb  of  Rathmines. 
The  barracks  cover  a  very  large  area  (about 
40  acres)  and  were  built  for  the  accommoda- 
tion of  two  infantry  battalions,  but  at  the 
time  of  the  insurrection  not  more  than  600 
men  were  quartered  there,  and  of  these  quite 
half  would  be  on  duty  outside  the  barracks. 
On  the  24th  and  25th  April  various  alarming 
rumours  were  current  as  to  an  impending  at- 
tack on  the  barracks,  and  as  to  various  al- 
leged successes  of  the  rebel  forces,  and  un- 
doubtedly at  the  time  both  officers  and  men 
thought  that  they  were  in  serious  peril,  whi^h 
could  only  be  averted  by  taking  strong  mea- 
sures for  the  safety  of  the  troops  and  the 
barracks.  In  considering  the  events  of  the 
week  we  think  it  very  necessary  that  the 
position  of  the  military  at  the  time  should  b<- 
boi'ne  in  mind  and  their  conduct  should  be 
viewed  in  the  light  of  the  abnormal  circum- 
stances  then   prevailing. 

THE    ORDER    OF    EVENTS. 

We  now  proceed  to  describe  in  order  of  timo 
the  events  into  which  we  have  been  directed 
to  inquire. 

8.  Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffington  was  the  first  of 
the  three  individuals  to  be  arrested  :  his  pr- 
iest had  no  connection  with  the  arrest  of  Mr. 
Dickson  and  .Mr.  Maclntyre,  which  occurred 
some  three  hours  later. 

9.  Mr.  Francis  Sheehy  Skeffington  was  a 
well-known  figure  in  Dublin,  and  shortly  be- 
fore 8  o.m.  en  April  25th  he  was  walking  from 
the  city  in  the  direction  of  his  home,  which 
was  situated  at  11  Crosvenor  place,  Rath- 
mines. His  way  led  over  Portobello  Bridge, 
and  about  350  yards  further  on  he  would 
have  passed  the  turning  which  leads  to  the 
main    entrance    of    Portobello    Barracks. 

10.  It  was  conceded  on  all  hands  before  us 
that  Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffington  had  no  connec- 
tion with  the  rebellion ;  his  views  were  op- 
posed to  the  use  of  physical  force  ;  and  it  co- 
pears  that  he  had  been  engaged  that  after- 
noon in  making  some  public  appeal  to  prevent 
hinting  and  the  like.  Mrs.  Sheehy  Skeffing- 
ton gave  evidence  of  this  fact,  and  her  evi- 
dence is  confirmed  by  a  document  which  was 
found  on  him  when  he  was  searched  and  which 
contained  a  form  of  membership  of  a  proposed 
civic  organisation  to  check  looting.  As  he 
approached  Portobello  Bridge  he  was  followed 
by  a  crowd,  some  of  the  members  of  which 
were  shouting  out  his  name. 


207 


ARREST    OF    MR.    SHEEHY  SKEFFINGTON. 

11.  It  was  about  dusk  and  the  disturbances 
had  now  continued  for  some  thirty  hours.  A 
young  officer  named  Lieutenant  M.  C.  Morris, 
who  was  attached  to  the  3rd  Battalion  of  the 
Royal  Irish  Rifles  at  Portobello  Barracks, 
had  taken  up  duty  an  hour  before  in  com- 
mand of  a  picket  at  Portobello  Bridge,  occupy- 
ing premises  at  the  corner  known  as  Davy's 
publiehouse.  His  orders  were  to  do  his  utmost 
to  avoid  conflict  but  to  keep  the  roadway  clear 
as  far  as  possible.  Lieutenant  Morris  heard 
people  in  the  street  shouting  out  Mr.  Sheehy 
Skeffington's  name,  and  he  determined  to  de- 
tain him  and  send  him  to  the  barracks.  Lieu- 
tenant Morris  did  not  himself  leave  his  post 
for  many  hours  afterwards.  He  sent  Mr. 
Sheehy  Skefh'ngton  under  an  escort  of  two 
men  to  the  barracks. 

12.  We  consider  that  there  is  no  good 
ground  of  complaint  against  the  action  of 
Lieutenant  Morris  in  causing  Mr.  Rheehy 
Skeffington  to  be  detained  and  sent  to  bar- 
racks. He  told  us  that  he  had  taken  the  same 
course  with  one  or  two  others  who  seemed 
likely  to  cause  a  crowd  to  congregate ;  his 
picket  had  been  fired  at  from  time  to  time 
from  houses  close  by ;  there  was  no  police 
force  in  the  streets ;  and  it  was  obviously 
better  to  require  pedestrians  who  appeared  to 
be  attracting  notice  to  go  to  the  barracks 
rather  than  run  the  risk  of  altercations  in  the 
roadway.  No  charge  was  made  against  Mr. 
Sheehy  Skeffington,  and  he  went  quite  will- 
ingly. Many  other  civilians  against  whom  no 
charge  was  made  were  sent,  in  the  course  of 
the  disturbances,  to  the  barracks  in  similar 
circumstances,  and  the  fact  that  they  were 
innocent  of  all  complicity  in  the  rebellion  does 
not  necessarily  imply  that  their  temporary 
detention  cannot  he  explained  or  justified. 
The  really  important  matter  in  such  cases  is 
not  the  fact  of  detention  but  the  subsequent 
treatment  of  the  individuals  detained. 

IN    THE    GUARDROOM. 

13.  On  arrival  at  the  barracks  Mr.  Sheehy 
Skeffington  was  taken  to  the  main  guard- 
room ;  three  young  officers,  named  Dobbin, 
Tooley,  and  Alexander  Wilson  were  sharing 
duty  there,  Mr.  Dobbin  being  the  sei-dor  of 
the  three.  Mr.  Dobbin  was  only  eighteen  years 
of  age,  having  left  school  in  .the  previous 
'year,  and- he  had  held  his  commission  only  a- 
few  months  ;  he  had  at  that  time  seen  nothing 
of  fighting.  He  and  the  other  two  second 
lieutenants  arranged  among  themselves  spells 
of  duty,  and  it  was  not  clearly  established  be- 
fore us  which  of  them  was  in  actual  eharga 
when  Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffington  was  brought,  in. 
Ser»ea';it  Maxwell,  who  was  in  the  guardroom, 
was  ordered  to  take  Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffington 
across  t.->  the  orderly  room  to  be  interrogated, 
and  he  was  there  interviewed  by  the  Adjutant 
of  the  Battalion,  Lieutenant  Morgan,  who  is 
an  officer  of  experience.  Evidence  as  to  this 
interrog.Aion  is  not  quite  precise  or  con- 
sistent, but  the  witnesses  agreed  that  Mr, 
Rheehy  Skeffington  stated  that  he  was  tKit  f. 
Sinn  Feiner,   but  that  lie   was  in  favour  of 


passive  resistance  and  opposed  to  militarism. 
Since  there  was  no  charge  of  ahy  sort  against 
Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffington  Lieutenant  Morgan 
thought  it  best  to  communicate  by  telephona 
with  the  Garrison  Adjutant  for  instructions 
as  to  whether  Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffington  should 
be  further  detained  or  not.  Orders  having 
been  received  that  he  should  be  detained  for 
further  inquiries,  he  was  brought  back  to 
the  guardroom. 

NO    INCRIMINATING    DOCUMENTS. 

14.  Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffington  was  searched  by 
Captain  Bowen-Colthurst.  This  gentleman  was 
an  officer  of  sixteen  years'  service.  He  be- 
longed to  the  Royal  Irish  Rifles,  a.ad  Mad  con- 
siderable experience  of  warfare.  He  haa  ieslb 
with  his  battalion  of  the  regiment  at  '*-b« 
front  when  he  was  seriously  wounded  ati4 
invalided  home.  At  the  time  of  the  Dublin 
disturbances  he  was  attached  to  the  3rd  BaU 
talion  at  Portobello  Barracks.  Having  searched 
Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffington,  Captain  Bowen-Colt- 
hurst about  9  o'clock  handed  over  to  the 
Adjutant  what  he  had  found  upon  him.  The 
Adjutant  made  copies  of  these  documents  and 
produced  them  before  us  ;  they  were  few  in 
number,  and  none  of  them  had  anything  to 
do  with  the  disturbances  save  the  document 
already  referred  to,  which  was  a  draft  form 
of  membership  for  a  civic  guard.  There  waa 
nothing  of  an  incriminatory  nature  found  ou 
Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffington.  When  we  come  t» 
deal  with  the  cases  of  Mr.  Dickson  and  Mr. 
Maclntyre,  it  will  again  be  seen  that  nothing 
of  consequence  was  found  upon  them,  and  the 
absence  of  compromising  documents  in  all 
three  cases  is,  in  the  light  of  a  report  subse- 
quently made  by  Captain  Bowen-Colthurst,  a 
fact  of  considerable  importance. 

15.  Later,  on  the  same  evening,  Captain 
Bowen  Colthurst  went  out  of  the  barracks  in 
command  of  a  party  under  orders  to  enter 
and  occupy  premises  at  the  corner  of  C'amdeu 
street  and  Harrington  street,  occupied  by  Mr. 
James  Kelly  for  the  purposes  of  his  tobacco 
business.  Mr.  Kelly  is  an  Alderman  of  the 
City  and  a  Justice  of  the  Peace,  and  had  re- 
cently held  the  office  of  High  Sheriff  of  the 
City.  There  is  no  question  that  the  suspicion 
entertained  against  Mr.  Kelly's  loyalty  wis 
due  to  a  misunderstanding,  and  that  Mr.  Kelly 
was,  in  fact,  quite  innocent  of  any  connection 
with  the  outbreak.  Mr.  Kelly's  premises  are 
some  300  yards  on  the  city  side  of  Portobello 
Bridge,  and  the  route  for  Captain  Bowen- 
Colthurst's  party  therefore  lay  from  the  main, 
gate  of  the  barracks  along  the  lane  leading 
into  the  Rathmines  road,  and  then  along  the 
Rathmines  road  over  Portobello  Bridge  past 
Davy's  puuliehou.se. 

/A     "HOSTAGE." 

16.  Captain  Bowen-Colthurst  adopted  the 
extraordinary,  and  indeed,  almost  meaningless, 
course  of  baking  Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffiugton  wifctt 
'him  as  a  "  hostage."  He  had  no  ti^ht  to  Vxke> 
Mr,  Sheehy  Skeffington  out  of  llic-  custody  oi 
'the  guard  for  this  or  any  other  purpose,  ana 

he   asked  no  one's   leave   to   do   ^c       Cap'wn 

If  « 


208 


Bowsa-Colthurst's  party  consisted  of  a  junior 
officer  (Second  Lieutenant  Leslie  Wilson)  and 
about  forty  men.  Before  they  left  the  bar- 
racks Mr."  Sheehy  Skeffingtcn's  hands  were 
tied  behind  his  back  and  Captain  Bowen-Colt- 
hurst  called  upon  him  to  say  his  prayers. 
Upon  Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffington  refusing  to  do 
so  Captain  Bowen-Colthurst  ordered  the  men 
of  his  partv  to  take  their  hats  off  and  himself 
uttered  a  prayer,  the  words  of  it,  according  to 
Lieutenant  Wilson's  evidence,  being  :  "  0  Lord 
God.  if  it  shall  please  Thee  to  take  away  the 
life  of  this  man  forgive  him  for  Christ's  sake.' 

THE    SHOOTING    OF   COADE. 

17  The  party  proceeded  from  the  main 
gate  of  the  barracks  to  the  turning  into  the 
Rathmines  road,  where  a  shooting  incident 
occurred  which  we  thought  it  right  to  investi- 
gate since  Mr.  Sheehv  Skeffington  was  present 
and  since  it  was  suggested  (though  not  proved) 
that  it  might  have  led  to  some  protest  on  his 
part,  or  might  have  had  some  bearing  upon  his 
subsequent  treatment.  We  find  it  impossible 
to  reconcile  all  the  testimony  given  on  this 
matter  but  it  was  established  that  a  youth 
named  Coade  with  a  friend  named  Laurence 
Bvrne  were  in  the  Rathmines  road  when 
Captain  Bowen-Coithurst's  party  came  _  by. 
Captain  Bowen-Colthurst  asked  what  business 
they  had  to  be  in  the  road  at  that  hour,  and 
warned  them  that  martial  law  had  been  pro- 
claimed. The  evidence  as  to  what  next  hap- 
pened is  not  consistent,  but  there  is  no  sug- 
gestion that  either  of  the  young  men  showed 
any  violence,  and  it  was  clearly  established 
before  us  that  Captain  Bowen-Colthurst  shot 
young  Coade,  who  fell  mortally  wounded,  and 
was  subsequently  taken  by  an  ambulance  to 
the  hospital  in"  the  barracks.  Lieutenant 
Leslie  Wilson  testified  that  Captain  Bowen- 
Colthurst  fired  with  a  rifle,  but  two  civilian 
witnesses—  \\  hose  good  faith  there  is  no  rea- 
son to  doubt— asserted  positively  that  they 
taw  Captain  Bowen-Colthurst  (whose  identity 
was  unmistakable,  since  he  is  a  man  of  ex- 
ceptional stature)  brandish  and  fire  a  revolver. 
Their  was  admittedly  other  firing  as  Captain 
Bowen  Colthurst's  party  matched  down  the 
road,  which  Lieutenant  Leslie  Wilson  told  us 
was  for  the  purpose  of  securing  that  people 
Ht  tlv  windows  should  keep  indoors.  The  evi- 
dence of  the  different  witnesses  can  only  be 
icconcileu  by  inferring  that  more  than  one 
case  of  shooting  occurred  during  the  progress 
of  Captain   Bowen-Colthurst's  party. 

A    DELUSION. 

18.  None  of  the  evidence  offered  to  us 
afforded  any  justification  for  the  shooting  of 
Coade;  it  is,  of  course,  a  delusion  to  suppose 
that  a  proclamation  of  rriarlial  'law  confers 
npon  an  officer  any  right  to  take  human  life 
in  nicuinstaricos  where  this  would  have  been 
unjustifiable  without  such  a  pi  origination,  and 
tins  delusion  in  the  present  case  had  tragic 
consequences.  it 

Y.,.  On  peaching  Pm-lobe1'-.)  Bridge  Captain 
Bftw.ei  '.''Uhui-t  divided  hi  p;n  I  v  frrtojtwo 
and  left  half  of  it  in  the  charge  &i  Lieutenant 


Leslie  Wilson,  while  going  forward  with  the 
rest  to  attack  Alderman  Kelly's  shop ;  he 
also  left  Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffington  at  the  bridge, 
giving  Lieutenant  Leslie  Wilson  orders  that,  if 
he  (Captain  Bowen-Colthurst)  and  his  men 
were  "  knocked  out,"  Lieutenant  Leslie  Wil- 
son was  to  take  command,  and  if  they  were 
fired  upon  Lieutenant  Wilson  was  to  shoot 
Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffington. 

ARREST    OF     DICKSON     AND     MaclNTYRE. 

20.  The  advance  party  then  went  on  its  way 
and  was  absent  about  twenty  minutes ;  they 
threw  a  bomb  into  Alderman  Kelly's  shop 
and  met  with  no  resistance  there.  Alderman 
Kelly  was  absent ;  Mr.  Maclntyre,  who  was  a 
friend  of  Alderman  Kelly,  had  been  on  the 
premises  some  time,  and  Mr.  Dickson,  who 
lived  close  by,  took  refuge  there  when  he 
heard  the  soldiers  firing  as  they  approached. 
Miss  Kelly,  who  is  a  sister  of  Alderman  Kelly, 
gave  us  a  detailed  account  of  the  raid  on  her 
brother's  premises ;  it  is  evident  from  her  ac- 
count that  Captain  Bowen-Colthurst  was  in  a 
state  of  great  excitement.  Dickson  and  Mac- 
lntyre, together  with  two  other  men  who  were 
shortly  afterwards  released,  were  taken  into 
custody,  and  Captain  Bowen-Colthurst  re- 
turned to  barracks  with  them,  picking  up  Mr. 
Sheehy  Skeffington  and  the  other  section  of 
his  party  on  the  way. 

21.  Meanwhile,  the  news  of  Mr.  Sheehy 
Skeffington  having  been  taken  out  of  barracks 
reached  the  ears  of  the  Adjutant,  who  fixed 
the  time  when  he  heard  this  from  Sergeant 
Maxwell  at  about  10.20  p.m.  The  Adjutant 
saw  Lieutenant  Dobbin  and  asked  him  for  a 
written  report ;  this  document  was  produced, 
and  runs  as  follows  : — 

'•April  25th,  11.10  p.m. 

"  An  armed  party  under  Captain  J.  C. 
Bowen-Colthurst  has  just  passed  through  my 
guard,  demanding  and  taking  with  him  the 
last   captured    prisoner,    Sheehv    Skeffington." 

It  is  important  to  observe  that  the  terms  of 
this  document,  while  they  show ,  that.  Lieut. 
Dobbin  realised  that  the  prisoners  were  in  his 
custody  and  under  his  control,  record  a  "de- 
mand "  made  upon  him  by  an  officer  of 
superior  rank  and  vastly  greater  experience* 
The  report  does  not  state  that  Captain  Bowen- 
C'olthurst  was  taking  out  Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffing- 
ton as  a  "hostage,''  and  both  the  Adjutant 
and  Lieutenant  Dobbin  assured  us  that  they 
^vere  ignorant  of  Captain  Bowen-Coltriurst'a  | 
object.  , 

1  REPORT    TO    THE     ADJUTANT. 

P  22.  When  Captain-Bowen-Ooltlmrst  returned 
to  barracks  he  made  a  verbal  report  in  the  pre- 
sence of  the  Adjutant  to  Major  Rosborough, 
in  the  course  of  which,  according  to  the 
Adjutant,  hi;  mentioned  that  he  had  taken  Mr. 
gheehy  Skeffington  with  him  and  had  arrested 
Dicfkson  and  Maclntyre.  The.  Adjutant  was 
unable  to  give  us,  a  fuller  aqcoupt  of  the  inter- 
yjew,  and~he  had  no  recollection  of  any  re- 
ppipjand  bejpg  ,  administered  to  Captain 
J^o.wcu;-O7l^burst.  ,  Major  .Rosborough  himself 
had;  ,,l<  ,recq!lectipii  of  the  inteiviev 
at      all,      and      explained   that  he   was   work- 

ii  a 


209 


Ing  at  great  pressure  and  under  extreme 
anxiety  and  whatever  Captain  Bowen-Colt- 
hurst  said  it  never  conveyed  to  his  mind  that 
Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffington  had  been  taken  out  in 
the  way  and  for  the  purpose  described.  No- 
thing was  said  as  to  the  shooting  of  Coade. 

23.  We  are  satisfied  that  the  seriousness  of 
the  irregularity  committed  by  Captain  Bowen- 
Colthurst  in  his  treatment  of  Mr.  Sheehy 
Skeffington  on  this  Tuesday  night  was  not 
fully  realised  by  those  under  whose  com- 
mands he  was  supposed  to  be  acting.  Whether 
from  the  lateness  of  the  hour  or  from  the 
strain  and  anxiety  caused  by  events  outside 
the  barracks  and  the  apprehension  of  even 
graver  trouble,  this  officer  was  not  effectively 
reprimanded,  and  the  civilians  detained  under 
the  main  guard  were  not  rendered  more  secure 
with  the  result  that  Captain  Bowen-Colthurst 
was  at  liberty  the  next  morning  again  to  over- 
ride or  disregard  the  officer  of  the  guard,  and 
to  deal  with  civilian  prisoners  as  he  pleased. 

THE    NIGHT    IN    THE    BARRACKS. 

24.  Mr.  Dickson  and  Mr.  Maclntyre  were 
searched,  but  nothing  material  was  found  on 
them.  They  spent  the  night  in  the  detention 
room  along  with  some  other  civilians.  Mr. 
Sheehy  Skeffington,  as  being  of  a  superior 
social  position,  was  put  into  a  separate  cell 
and  was  made  as  comfortable  as  possible. 

25.  Mr.  Dickson  was  the  editor  of  a  paper 
called  The  Eye-Opener,  and  Mr.  Maclntyre 
was  the  editor  of  another  paper  known  as 
The  Searchlight.  So  far  as  there  was  any 
evidence  on  the  point  before  us,  it  appears 
that  the  only  reason  for  arresting  either  of 
these  men  was  the  circumstance  that  they 
were  found  on  Alderman  Kelly's  premises, 
and,  as  we  have  already  stated,  the  suspicion 
entertained  against  this  gentleman  was  with- 
out any  foundation.  Mr.  Dickson  was  a  Scotch- 
man, and  deformed.  Neither  he  nor  Mr.  Mac- 
lntyre had  any  connection  with  the  Sinn  Fein 
movement. 

26.  On  Wednesday  morning,  April  26th,  the 
officers  in  chai'ge  of  the  main  guard  were  the 
same  as  on  the  previous  evening — namely, 
Lieutenants  Dobbin,  Tooley,  and  Alexander 
Wilson.  The.  sergeant  of  the  guard  was  Ser- 
geant John  W.  Aldridge,  then  of  the  10th 
Royal  Dublin  Fusiliers.  Sergeant  Aldridge 
was  on  leave  at  the  commencement  of  the  re- 
bellion, and  on  returning  to  Dublin  reported 
himself  (like  many  other  soldiers  at  this  time) 
at  the  nearest  barracks ;  he  was  in  consequence 
new  to  his  surroundings  at  Portobello,  and  the 
officers  at  the  barracks  were  not  known  to 
him  by  sight.  He  mounted  guard  at  9  a.m. 
on  Wednesday  morning. 

THREE     MEN     BROUGHT     OUT. 

27.  Shortly  after  10  a.m.  Captain  Bowen- 
Colthurst  came  to  the  guardroom.  He  ap- 
pears on  his  first  arrival  to  have  entirely 
Ignored  Lieutenant  Dobbin,  who  was  standing 
in  the  barrack  square  near  to  the  guardroom 
entrance,  and  having  passed  into  the  guard* 
noom  itself  to  have  given  his  orders  direct  to 
ijie  sergeant.    These  orders  wera  to  the  effect 


that  he  required  the  three  prisoners,  Skeffing- 
ton, Dickson,  and  Maclntyre  in  the  yard  for 
the  purpose  of  speaking  to  them.  The  yard  in 
question  is  within  the  guardroom  block  of 
buildings,  being  reached  by  a  short  passage 
from  the  guard  room.  It  comprises  a  space 
less  than  40  ft.  in  length  and  some  15ft.  in 
width,  and  is  surrounded  by  high  brick  walls. 

28.  Sergeant  Aldridge  had  not  seen  Captain 
Bowen-Colthurst  before  and  was  not  aware  of 
what  position  he  occupied  in  the  barracks, 
save  that  his  uniform  showed  him  to  be  a 
captain.  Owing  to  the  sergeant  having  mounted 

guard  only  an  hour  previously  he  did  not 
know  who  were  the  officers  of  the  guard,  and 
there  was  consequently  nothing  which  appeared 
to  him  to  be  unusual  in  Captain  Bowen- 
Colthurst  entering  the  guardroom  and  giving 
orders.  The  orders  were  complied  with.  Mr. 
Sheehy  Skeffington  was  called  from  his  cell, 
and  Messrs.  Dickson  and  Maclntyre  from  the 
detention  room,  and  all  three  were  ordered  out 
into  the  yard,  which  was  but  a  few  paces 
away. 

URGENT   MESSAGE   TO   THE   ADJUTANT. 

29.  During  the  few  moments  that  were  oc- 
cupied by  the  calling  out  of  the  three  prisoners 
Captain  Bowen-Colthurst  stepped  out  of  the 
guard  room  to  the  spot  where  Lieutenant 
Dobbin  was  still  standing,  and  informed  that 
officer  that  he  was  taking  the  three  prisoners 
out  for  the  purpose  of  shooting  them,  as  he 
thought  "it  was  the  best  thing  to  do."  Lieu- 
tenant Dobbin's  recollection  is  not  clear  as  tc 
whether  the  three  men  were  mentioned  by 
name,  but  there  is  no  doubt  that  their  num- 
ber and  the  purpose  for  which  Captain  Bowen. 
Colthurst  vi  as  taking  them  out  were  dis- 
tinctly conveyed  to  his  mind.  Cantain  Bowen- 
Colthurst  immediately  re-entered  the  guard 
room,  while  Lieutenant,  Dobbin  called  to  Lieu- 
tenant  Alexander  Wilson  who  was  near-by, 
and  dispatched  him  with  an  urgent  message 
to  the  Adjutant.  Lieutenant  Wilson  had  bis 
bicye'e  with  him;  he  .mo-Tnt^d  it  and  rode 
to  the  orderly  room  i-i  which  the  Adjutant 
was  working  P^d  vh'Vh  is  some  5co  yards 
distant  from  the  sruard  room. 

30.  LieutpnRnt  W'"son's  re^nl'e."tion  of  these 
vital  incidents  his  yar'ed  fro^t  time 
to  time,  but  W9  think  there  is 
no  reason  to  question  the  sincerity  of 
this  witness  in  ultimately  arriving  at 
a  conclusion  as  to  what  took  place  differing 
materially  from  his  earlier  impressions.  Even 
so,  his  recollection  of  the  message  he  delivered 
does  not  altogether  agree  with  the  Adjutant's 
memory  on  the  point ;  the  hitter's  version  is 
corroborated  by  the  evidence  of  Sergeant 
Campbell. 

NO    AUTHORITY    T"    T4KP    OUT    MSN. 

31.  Lieutenant  Dobbin's  own  statement  is 
that  he  told  Lieutenant  Wilson  ta  inform  the 
Adjutant  that  Captain  BowfMl-CoIthursfc  w  a.3 
taking  tie  prisoners  oivi  of  the  guard  room. 
He  does  not  recollect  stating  in  the  messaga 
for  what  purpose  they   were  being  taken  out. 

Ha 


210 


We  think  it  probable  that  Captain  Bowen- 
Colthurst's  purpose  was  present  to  the  mind 
of  Lieutenant  Wilson  when  he  conveyed  the 
message,  but  we  are  satisfied  that  the  message 
itself  as  received  by  the  Adjutant  contained  no 
mention  of  the  fact  that  the  prisoners  were 
about  to  be  shot.  The  impression  made  on 
the  Adjutant's  mind  by  the  receipt  of  the 
message  was  that  Captain  Bowen-Colthurst 
was  engaged  in  repeating  his  irregular  pro- 
ceedings of  the  evening  before,  and  the 
message  he  returned  by  Lieutenant  Wilson 
was  that  Major  Rosborough  was  out,  that  he 
(the  Adjutant)  could  give  no  authority  for 
any  prisoners  to  be  taken  out  of  the  guard- 
room, and  that  in  taking  them  out  Captain 
Bowen-Colthurst  would  be  acting  on  his  own 
responsibility.  Lieutenant  Wilson  returned 
with  this  message  on  his  bicycle,  and,  while 
he  was  giving  it  to  Lieutenant  Dobbin  just 
outside  the  guard-room,  the  shots  of  the  fatal 
volley  rang  out  from  the  adjoining  yard. 

32.  When  Captain  Bowen-Colthurst  re-, 
tinned  into  the  guard-room  after  his  brief 
statement  to  Lieutenant  Dobbin  he  ordered 
some  of  the  guard  with  their  rifles  out  into 
the  yard,  where  the  three  prisoners  had 
preceded  them.  All  the  men  on  duty  had 
their  magazines  already  filled,  and  seven  of 
the  guard,  who  appear  to  have  been  merely 
those  that  happened  at  the  moment  to  be 
nearest  the  yard  passage,  accompanied  by  Ser- 
geant A  Id  ridge,  followed  Captain  Bowen-Colt- 
hurst out  into  the  yard.  What  ther>  occurred 
took  pla^e  so  rapidly  that  we  have  little  doubt 
that  none  of  the  victims  realised  that  they 
were  about  to  meet  their  death.  We  are  con- 
firmed in  this  view  bv  the  fact  that  all  the 
witnesses,  including  civilian  prisoners  in  the 
detent:on  room,  to  whom  everything  that  took 
place  in  the, yard  v.  as  audble,  agree  in  stating 
that  no  sound  was  uttered  by  any  of  the 
three. 

PRtSONEPS    WALK    TO   THE    WALL, 

33.  While  the  soldiers  were  entering  the 
yard  Captain  Bowen-Colthurst  ordered  the 
three  prisoners  to  walk  to  the  wall  at  the 
other  end,  a  distance,  as  we  have  stated,  of 
only  a  few  yards.  As  they  were  doing  this 
the  seven  soldiers,  entering  the  yard,  fell  into 
line    along    the    vail    adjoining    the    entrance, 

pd  immediately  received  from  Captain  Colt- 
burst  the  order  to  fire  upon  the  three 
pri.-oners,  who  had  then  just  turned  to  face 
them.  All  three  fell  as  a  result  of  the  volley. 
Captain  Bowen-Colthurst  left  the  yard,  arid 
the  firing  party  began  to  file  out. 

THE   SECOND   VOLLEY. 

34.  Immediately  upon  hearing  the  volley. 
Lieutenant  Dobbin  (who  was  engaged  in  re- 
ceiving the  Adjutant's  message  outside)  has- 
tened through  I  he  giiai  rl  room  and  entered 
the  yard  On  lopKing  at  the  bodies  he  saw  a 
movement  in  one  of  Mr.  Sheehy  Skedington'i 
legs  which  gave  him  thn  impression  that  liftj 
wai  not  yet  extinct,  and  he  exclaimed  to 
Sergeant    Aldridge,    who    was    itill    in    the 


yard,  "Ssrgeant,  that  man  is  not  dead."  It 
is  Sergeant  Aldridge's  impression  (and  we  are 
inclined  to  accept  the  evidence  of  this  wit- 
ness, who  w  as  both  experienced  and  candid) 
that  death  had,  nevertheless,  been  in- 
stantaneous in  all  three  eases,  and  that  what 
lieutenant  Dobbin  saw  was  a  muscular  con- 
traction of  the  unfortunate  gentleman's  limb. 
As  a  result,  however,  of  what  he  saw,  Lieu- 
tenant Dobbin  dispatched  one  of  the  other 
officers  of  the  guard,  Lieutenant  Tooley,  to 
the  orderly  room  to  report  and  obtain  instruc- 
tions. At,  or  in  the  neighbourhood  of.  the 
orderly  room  Lieutenant  Tooley  met  Captain 
Bowen-Colthurst,  and  received  from  him  the 
order  to  "  fire  again."  Lieutenant  Tooley  re- 
turned with  this  message,  and  thereupon  four 
soldiers  of  the  guard  (not  all  members  of  the 
firing  party)  were  ordered  into  the  yard  by 
Lieutenant  Dobbin,  and  upon  his  directions 
fired  a  second  volley  into  the  body  of  Mr. 
Sheehy  Skeffington. 

NO    SEPARATE    SHOOTING. 

35.  Certain  civilian  witnesses  who  were  iri 
the  detention  room  during  the  course  of  these 
events  spoke  to  having  heard  a  shot,  or 
volley,  in  addition  to,  and  separated  by  a 
distinct  interval  of  time  from,  the  two 
volleys  spoken  of  by  the  military.  If  their 
evidence  be  correct  (and  there  is  no  reason 
to  doubt  their  good  faith),  this  third  shot, 
or  volley,  was  heard  at  a  moment  antecedent 
to  Messrs.  Dickson  and  Maclntyre  reaching 
the  yard,  and  the  question  was  raised  by 
"those  appearing  for  the  relatives  of  Mr  Sheehy 
Skeffington  whether  the  latter  had  not  been, 
shot  separately  from  the  other  two  prisoners. 
We  are  quite  satisfied  on  the  evidence  as  a 
whole  that  the  three  prisoners  were  shot 
together  in  the  way  we  have  described,  and 
that  the  earlier  report  heard  by  those  in  the 
detention  room  had  no  connection  with  any 
shooting  in  the  yard.  It  may  perhaps  be  ex- 
plained by  the  accidental  discharge  of  a  rifle 
in  the  neighbourhood  of  the  guard  room, 
which  was  the  impression  conveyed  to  at 
least  one  of  those  in  the  detention  room. 

36.  It  should  he  clearly  understood  that  the 
events  we  have  bee?,-  recording,  from  the  ar- 
rival of  Captain  Bowan-Colthurst  at  the 
guard-room,  occupied  but  a  very  few  minutes. 
The  guard-room,  detention  room,  detention 
cells,  and  yard  all  closely  adjoin  one  another 
in  the  same  block,  and  a  very  few  steps  suffice 
to  take  a   person   from   one  into  another. 

CAPTAIN  COLTHURST'S  VERBAL'  REPORT. 

37.  Not  long  after  the  shooting  had  taken 
place,  and  before  10.30  a.m.,  Captain  Bowen- 
Colthurst  repotted  verbally  to  the  Adjutant 
at  the  orderly  room  that  he  had  shot  Mr. 
Sheehy  Skeffington  and  the  editors  of  the 
Eye  Opener  and  the  Searchlight.  Either  then 
«>r  later,  he  gave  as  his  reason  for  so  doing 
tiit,  fear  that  they  would  escape  or  might  be 
rsa»-*'Aftd  by  armed  torce.  There  was  no 
foundatosi  whatever  for  any  apprehension  as 
to  the  escape  of  these  prisoners,  and  no  sane 

U  4 


211 


person  who  honestly  entertained  such  a  pos- 
sibility as  a  rescue  would  have  seen  in  it  any 
ground  for  distinction  between  these  three 
prisoners  and  the  other  detained  persons.  At 
or  about  the  same  time,  Captain  Bowen- 
Colthurst  verbally  reported  his  action  to 
Major  Rosborough,  adding  that  he  had  shot 
the  three  prisoners  on  his  own  responsibility 
and  that  he  possibly  might  be  hanged  for  it. 
Major  Rosborough  told  him  to  make  his 
leport  in  writing,  and  instructed  the  Adju- 
tant to  report  the  matter  to  the  Garrison  Ad- 
jutant at  Dublin  Castle. 

38.  Lieutenant  Morgan,  after  going  over 
to  the  guard-room  and  seeing  the  three  bodies 
carried  out,  telephoned,  in  accordance  with 
his  instructions  from  Major  Rosborough,  a 
report  of  the  circumstances,  as  far  as  they 
were  then  known  to  him,  to  the  Garrison  Adju- 
-  tant  (Captain  Burton).  A  telephonic  report 
on  other  matters  was  about  this  time  being 
made  to  Headquarters,  Irish  Command,  and, 
in  view  of  the  seriousness  of  the  occurrence, 
the  Adjutant,  under  Major  Rosborough's 
directions,  did  Tint  confine  himself  to  the 
usual  channel,  but  also  made  a  direct  com- 
munication by  telephone  to  Headquarters, 
Irish  Command.  Major  Rosboroweh  had,  in 
the  meanwhile,  given  directions  that  Captain 
Bowen-Coithurst  should  not  be  detailed  for 
duty  outside  the  barracks.  No  further  action 
wa«  token  as  regards  Captain  Bowen  Golthurst 
until  May  6th.  when  orders  we^e  received 
From  the  superior  military  authorities  to  place 
Jpa'nta'n  Bnwen-Coltharrst  under  oner  arres^. 
Mni\>r  Rosbo"W<jh's  directions  as  to  his  duties 
do  not  »eem  to  have  nlacd  any  effective  check 
upon  his  movements  in  the  meantime. 

BI'^!«kL    *fn    FXHHV-TjPN    OF   THS    B/*!5IFfi. 

39.  Later  in  the  day,  Lieutenant  Morgan 
telephoned  again  to  the  Garrison  Adjutant 
i;i  older  to  ask  for  uuections  as  to  the  dis- 
posal of  the  bodies  (which  were  lying  in  the 
Mortuary),  and  was  ordered  to  bury  them  in 
the  barrack  yard  that  evening.  Lieutenant 
Morgan,  accordingly,  after  consultation  with 
the  Medical  Officer,  Major  Balch,  and  also 
the  Lngineer  Officer,  had  the  bodies  wrapped 
up  in  sheets  and  buried  in  the  barrack  square. 
It  should  be  remembered  that,  in  the  then 
state  of  the  city,  coffins  were  difficult,  if 
not  impossible,  to  secure,  and  the  same  mode 
of  burial  had  to  be  adopted  in  the  case  of 
soldiers  whose  bodies  were  brought  into  the 
barracks.  We  are  satisfied  that  Lieutenant 
Morgan  carried  out  his  duties  in  connection 
with  the  burial  as  decorously  and  reA'erently 
as  was  possible  in  the  circumstances  at  the 
time.  He  ascertained  that  all  three,  of  the 
deceased  were  Roman  Catholics  and  the  re- 
ligious rites  were  carried  out  by  Father 
O'Loughlin,  the  Roman  Catholic  chaplain  of 
the  barracks.  At  a  later  date,  at  the  re- 
quest of  the  relatives  and  by  permission  of 
Sir  John  Maxwell  (who  kid  arrived  in  Ire- 
land some  days  after  these  shootings),  the 
bodies  of   all  three   men   were   exhumed   and 


re-interred  in  consecrated  ground.  Mr. 
Sheehy  Skeffington,  Senior,  was  present  at 
the  exhumation  of  his  son's  body. 

CAPT.    COLTHURST'S    FIRST    REPORT. 

40.  From  time  to  tune  during  the  course  of 
Wednesday,  April  &6th,  Major  Rosborough 
pressed  Captain  Boweu-Colthurst  for  the 
written  report  which  he  had  directed  him  to 
make ;  it  was  ultimately  received  at  a  late 
hour  in  the  afternoon,  and,  so  far  as  it  is 
material  to  our  inquiry,  it  reads  as  follows  :■— 
Sib, — I  have  to  report  for  your  informa- 
tidn  that  yesterday  evening,  about  11  p.m., 
according  to  your  orders,  I  proceeded  with  a 
party  of  25  men  to  Kelly's  tobacco  shop  in 
Harcourt   road. 

"Some  shots  were  fired  at  them,  but 
whether  from  this  shop  or  not  I  cannot  say. 
Two  men  were  seen  standing  in  conversation 
outside  the  shop,  who  at  once  bolted  inside. 
An  entrance  was  effected  and  four  men  were 
made  prisoners.  two  of  these  were  subse- 
quently released,  and  two  men  were  detained. 
The  two  men  detained  were  Mclntyre,  editor 
of  the  Searchlight,  and  Dickson,  editor  of 
the  Eye   Opener. 

"Sniping  was  going  on,  and  I  lodged  the 
two  men  detained  in  the  Portobello  guard 
room.  I  may  add  that  I  was  informed  that 
all  of  the  tobacco  had  previously  been  re- 
moved. This  morning  at  about  9  a.m.  I 
proceeded  to  the  guard  room  to  examine  these 
two  men,  and  1  sent  for  a  man  called  Skeffing- 
ton,   who   was   also   detained. 

"I  had   been   busy  on  the  previous  evening 
up      to       about      3       a.m.       examining      docu- 
ments      found       on       these       three     men,     and 
I       recognised      from       these     documents     that 
these     three     men     were     all     very     dangerous 
characters.     I,    therefore,    sent    for    an    armed 
guard   of   six   men    and    ordered   them    to   load 
their    rifles       and       keep    their    eyes    on    the 
prisoners.     1'he   guard    room    was    full   of   men 
and   was  not  a  suitable  place,   in  my  opinion, 
in   which  to   examine    prisoners.        I   ordered, 
therefore,    the    three    prisoners    to   go   into   the 
small  court va-xl  of   the   guard    mom.     I  regret 
now    th'H.I    did       not    h°ve    these       three    men 
handci  ffed   and    surrounded,    as   the   vard    was 
a  ulace  from   which   they  might  have  escaped. 
When    I    ordered    these       three    men    into    tiie 
yard   I   did   not,    however,    know   this.        The 
guard    was    some       little,  distance    from    the 
prisoners,  and  as  I  considered  that  there  was 
a  reasonable  chance  of  the  prisoners  making 
their  escape;  and  knowing  the  three  prisoners 
(from   the   correspondence   captured   on   them 
the   previous      evening)      to      be      dangerous 
Characters.       I  called     ripon      the     guard      tc 
fire  upon  them,    which    they  did   with   effect, 
the  three  men  being  killed.       The  documents 
found    on   these   three   men      have  been   for' 
warded  to  the  orderly  room  " 


AN   UNTRUE   ACCOUNT  OF  EVENTS. 

41.  It  is  to  be  noW  that,  although  this 
"eport  purports  to  give  an  account  of  the  raid 
CC  Alderman  Kelly's  tobacco  shop,  no  mentioa 


212 


Is  made  of  Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffington  having 
been  taken  out  as  a  "hostage"  on  that 
occasion,  or  of  the  shooting  of  the  young  man 
Coade.  The  account  of  the  events  which 
took  place  on  Wednesday  morning  is  entirely 
untrue.  Captain  Bowen-Colthurst's  object  in 
going  to  the  guard-room  was  not  to  examine 
the  prisoners,  but,  as  he  stated  to  Lieutenant 
Dobhin  at  the  time,  to  have  them  shot.  The 
armed  guard  was  not  ordered  out  for  the 
purpose  of  preventing  the  prisoners'  escape, 
but  for  the  purpose  of  shooting  them.  There 
was  no  possibility  of  the  prisoners  making 
their  escape  from  the  yard,  a  fact  which  is 
obvious  to  anyone  who  has  seen  it.  No  docu- 
ments or  correspondence  whatever  were  found 
on  the  prisoners  which  showed  them  to  be 
"dangerous  characters";  and  any  documents 
found  on  them  could  be  thoroughly  examined 
in  a  few  minutes. 

CAPTAIN  CQLTHURSTS  SECOND  REPORT. 

42.  At  a  later  date,  and  after  he  had  been 
placed  under  arrest,  viz.,  on  May  9th,  1916; 
Captain  Bow  en-Colthurst  forwarded  a  further 
report,  and  addressed  to  the  Officer  Command- 
ing 3rd  Battalion  of  the  Royal  Irish  Rifles. 
This  report  reads  as  follows  : — 

"Sir, — In  accordance  with  your  instruc- 
tions, I  have  the  honour  to  forward  for  your 
information  a  more  detailed  account  of  the 
circumstances  connected  with  the  shooting  of 
three  rebels  in  Portobello  Barracks,  Dublin. 

"  On  Tuesday  evening,  25th  ult.,  I  was 
officially  informed  that  martial  law  was  de- 
clared "in  Dublin.  There  were  three  leaders 
o»  the  rebels  in  the  guardroom  in  Portobello 
Barracks.  The  guardroom  was  not  safe  for 
these  desperate  men  to  be  confined  in.  Their 
rescue,  from  outside  would'  have  been  very 
easy. 

"  On  Tuesday  and  up  to  Wednesday  morn- 
ing rumours  of  massacres  of  j)olice  and  soldiers 
from  all  parts  of  Dublin  were  being  con- 
stantly sent  me  from  different  sources. 
Amongst  others,  the  rumour  reached  me  that 
600  German  prisoners  at  Oldcastle  had  been 
leleased  and  armed',  and  were  marching  on 
Dublin.  I  also  heard  that  the  rebels  in  the 
n'ty  had  opened  up  depots  for  the  suppiy  *t.nd 
issue  of  arms,  and  that  a  large  force  of  refeels 
intended  to  attack  Portobello  Baifracka,  which 
was  held  only  by  a  few  troops, 
many  of  whom  were  recruits,  ignorant 
of  how  to  use  their  rifles,  and  a  number  of 
the  others  were  soldiers  and  sailors  who  had 
taken  refuge  in  the  barracks.  We  had  also 
in  the  barracks  a  considerable  mzTsfcer  of 
ofl.-ers  and  men  who  had  been  wounded  by 
the  rebels,  and  whose  protection  was  a  sou  rep, 
<>f  great  Cpncem  to  me..  I  believe  (hat  it  was 
known  that  these  lenders  were  confined  in  the 
barracks,  and  that,  possibly  I  be  proposed  at- 
tack on  the  barracks  was  with  a.  view  to  their 
release.  Rumours  <>f  the  rising  ill  over  fee 
.  '"J  and  of  a,  large  German- A  rnencaa  and 
Irish  American     landing     in     (Ulvwy     *»<rra 

prevalent  [  bad  no  knowledge  of  any  rein- 
forcements   arriving    fro-.u    England,    and    did 


not  believe  it  possible  for  troops  to  arrive 
in  time  to  prevent  a  general  massacre. 
I  knew  of  the  sedition  which  had  been 
preached  in  Ireland  for  years  past,  and  of  the 
popular  sympathy  with  rebellion.  I  knew  also 
that  men  on  leave  home  from  the  trenches, 
although  unarmed,  had  been  shot  down  like 
dogs  in  the  streets  of  their  own  city,  simply 
because  they  were  in  khaki,  and  I  had  also 
heard  that  woanded  soldiers  home  for  con- 
valescence had  been  shot  down  also.  On 
the  Wednesday  morning,  the  26th  April, 
all  this  was  in  my  mind.  I  was  very  much 
exhausted  and  unstrung  after  practically  a 
sleepless  night,  and  I  took  the  gloomiest  view 
of  the  situation  and  felt  that  only  desperate 
measures  would  save  the  situation.  Vv  nen  I 
saw  the  position  described  in  my  previous  re- 
port I  felt  I  must  act  quickly,  and  believing 
I  had  the  power  under  martial  law  I  felt 
under  the  circumstances  that  it  was  clearly 
my  duty  to  have  the  three  ringleaders  shot. 
It  was  a  terrible  ordeal  for  me,  but  I  nerved 
myself  to  carry  out  what  was  to  me  at  the 
time  a  terrible  duty." 

NO    EVIDENCE     FROM    CAPTAIN     COLTHURST. 

43.  So  tar  as  this  second  report  repeats  the 
previous  explanation  as  to  the  shooting  having 
taken  place  with  the  object  of  preventing 
escape  or  rescue,  the  observations  we  have 
already  made  on  this  point  apply  to  it.  With 
the  reference  to  martial  law  and  the  powers 
which  this  officer  claimed  to  exercise  under  it, 
we  deal  in  a  later  paragraph  of  this  report. 
He  is  at  present,  as  was  proved  to  our  satis- 
faction, confined  in  Broadmoor  Criminal 
Lunatic  Asylum  consequent  upon  the  sentence 
of  a  Court  Martial  (which  found  him  guilty 
of  murder  but  insane  at  the  time  of  com- 
mitting the  crime),  and  we  have  therefore 
felt  ourselves  debarred  from  taking  his  evi- 
dence. 

44.  The  disturbances  continued  throughout 
the  week,  and  on  Friday  (April  28th)  Mrs. 
Sheehy  SkeHington,  who  had  last  seen  her 
husband  in  Westmoreland  street  on  the  previous 
Tuesday  afternoon,  was  still  without  definite 
information  as  to  what  had  happened  to  him. 
As  a  result  of  alarming  rumours  about  him 
which  reached  her  from  various  sources  her 
two  sisters!  Mrs.  Cnlhane  and  Mrs.  Kettje, 
on  the  morning  of  Friday,  went  to  the  police 
station  at  jlathmines  to  make  enquiries.  The 
police  had  no  information  to  give,  but  sug- 
gested that  the  two  ladies  might  enquire; 
at  Portobello  Barracks,  where  they  accord- 
ingly  went. 

MRS.     SHEEHY  SKEFFINGTON'S     SISTERS. 

45.  To  appreciate  what  followed  it  is  neces- 
sary to  say  a  word  as  to  Mrs.  Sheehy  Skeffing- 
ton and  her  two  sisters.  They  are  the  daugh- 
ters of  Mr.  David  Sheehy,  M.P.  Their 
brother,  Lieutenant  Sheehy,  of  the  Dublin 
b'ttsiljer?.  was  engaged  in  the  fighting  which 
was  st:,l  taaiihg  jplaci*  in  Dublin.  The  hus- 
band of  M:rt.  CulJiaae  then  veoet.tly  d^ce:'«ed, 
had     been    a    highly -^wacdti    &'ftd   VsAponsible 


213 


official  in  the  Irish  Courts  of  J&rtfce,  while 
Mrs.  Kettle's  husband,  Lieutenant  T.  M. 
Kettle  (who  since  our  sittings  has  gallantly 
given  his  life  for  his  country  in  Fiance)  was 
with  his  battalion.  In  such  circumstances 
Mrs.  Sheehy  Sherrington  not  unreasonably  ex- 
pected that  whatever  fate  had  overtaken  her 
own  husband,  her  two  sisters  -vuuld  at  least 
be  treated  with  candour  and  oTisideracion 
at  the  barracks,  and  would  '>e  ibl?  to  obtain 
such  information  as  was  available  about  their 
brother-in-law. 

MRS.     KETTLE     AND     MPS.    CULUfNES    VISIT 
TO     THE     !3ARRACfcCS. 

46.   Mrs.    Kettle  and   her  sister   arrived   --j 
the    barracks    at    about    one    o.ia.,    nnd    i.ftej.1 
some  slight  delay  were  admitted  ^ast  the  firso 
and    second    gates.        A.   junior   officer,    Lieu- 
tenant Beattie,  came  up  to  enquire  as  to  their 
business.        This    gentleman    was    not    called 
before   us,    but  as   regards    both   this  and  the 
subsequent  events  to   which  j  'is.    Kettle  and 
Mrs.    Sheehy   Skeffington  <=pea-,       s  were  ex- 
pressly   informed    by    those    ^-'presenting    the- 
military  authorities,  that  the  accuracy  of  the 
evidence  given  by  these  ladies  was  not  called 
in   question.     Indeed,   Lieutenant   Beattie  was 
present  at  the  Inquiry,  and  we  were  told  that 
his   evidence  was   unnecessary   since  it  would 
in    no    way    controvert    what      Mrs.       Kettle 
stated.     Mrs.  Kettle  and  her  sister  thought  it 
well    ■  >   commence   their   enquiries    by    asking 
in   th»    first   place  as   to   the:r   brother,   Lieu- 
tenant   Sheehy.        To    this    they    leceived    a 
courteous  reply.     They  then  asked  as  to  their 
brother-in-law,  Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffington,  where- 
upon the  young  officer  with  whom  they  were 
conversing   betrayed   some     confusion,      asked 
them   to  excuse  him,  and  went  away  to   con- 
sult   ->-ith    some   other   officers.     On   returning 
he  informed  the  two  ladies  that  b«  regretted 
that   *  2   would   have   to   place      them      under 
arrest,    giving    as  his    reason    that   thev   were 
miwn  Fpjners  and  bad  been  seen   sneaking  to 
Sinn    feinfrs.-      Mrs.    Kettle    and    her    sister 
po-'nted    out    the    absurditv    of   the    allegation, 
arid    referred    to    the    position    of    Lieutenant 
Kettle    and    of    the    W*    My.     Culnah*-    thev 
Were,    however,    placed   in   charge      hi      some 
soldiers,     and     marched     across     the    barrack 
square    to    the    orderl.v    room,    outside    which 
thev    remained    standing,       surrounded        by 
soldiers,   while   a  consultation   of  officer?   ap- 
pears to  have  taken  place  within.     After  some 
minutes     Captain     Bowen-Colthtirst     emerged 
from    the    guard-room    and    questioned    them 
1'hey  repeated  their  enquiries  as  to  lieutenant 
Sheehy    and    ad   to   Mr.    Sheehy  ,  Skeffington. 
Captain    Colthurst,;   in.  .reply    to   .the    latter 
enquiry;    said,    "I    know    nothing    whatever 
about    Mr.    Sheehy    {Skeffington. ",    Mrs.    Cul- 
hane  referred  to  some  of  the;  rumours  which 
had   reached   them,    and  Lieutenant    Beattie, 
ptho  was  the  only  other  officer  actually   pre- 
j   sent    at    this    interview,    made    sorcs    remark 

io  Captain  Bowen-C  ^Ithurst  \v   an  undeft-one. 

Daptain  Bowen:Colthurst  then  said,  -'  I  have 


no  information  concerning  Mr.  Skeffingteo 
that  is  available,  and  the  sooner  you  leave 
the  barracks  the  better."  There  was  then  an 
order  given  to  have  the  ladies  conducted  back, 
and,  by  Captain  Bowen-Colthurst's  direction, 
they  were  forbidden  to  speak  to  one  another. 
The  guard  was  dismissed  at  the  gate,  and  the 
two  ladies  .  w  ere  conducted  to  the  tramway 
line  by  Lieutenant  Beattie. 

47.  It  Is  obvious  to  us  that  throughout  the 
incidents  recorded  in  the  last  paragraph  Lieu- 
tenant Beattie  acted  under  superior  orders, 
and  the  evidence  satisfied  us  that  the  part  he 
was  called  upon  to  play  was  extremely  dis- 
tasteful to  him. 

URS.    SHEEKY    SKEFFINRTQN    INFORMED    OF 
HER    HUSBAND'S   DEATH. 

48.  About  four  o'clock  on  the  afternoon  of 
Friday,  after  receiving  her  sisters'  report  of 
what  had  just  taken  place  in  the  barracks,  Mrs. 
Sheehy  Skeffington  got  into  touch  with  the 
father  of  the  young  man  Coade  to  whose  death 
v/e  have  referred.  Father  O'Loughlin,  the 
Chaplain  of  the  barracks  whom  w  e  have  al- 
ready mentioned,  knew  young  Coade  as  a 
member  of  the  religious  sodality  of  which  he 
(Father  O'Loughlin)  was  spiritual  director, 
and  at  a  meeting  of  which  Coads  had  been 
present  on  the  night  he  met  his  death.  The 
father  of  Coade  was  informed  of  his  son's 
fate  by  Father  O'Loughlin  and  was  permitted 
to  visit  the  dead  body  in  the  mortuary  at  the 
barracks.  Here  the  unfortunate  man  saw  the 
body  of  Mr.  Sheehy  Skerfington  laid  nut  beside 
that  of  his  son,  a  farn  which  nr\  Fridav  after- 
noon h°  communicatpd  to  Mrs.  Sheehv  Skeffing- 
ton. Mrs.  Sheehy  Skeffington.  on  Mr.  Coade's 
suggestion,  at  once  sought  out  Father 
O'Loughlin  and  besougM  him  for  particulars 
as  to  her  husband.  She  was  told  that  he 
was  dead  and  already  buried. 

n»|F>    JKJ     pars,    SK^FFiWftTftNJS    HOUSP. 

49.  At  .7  p.m.  on  this  sajne  Friday  evening 
i  Mrs.  Sheehy  Skeffington  was  putting  her  little 

son,  aged  seven,  to  bed.  when  a  body  of 
soldiers  from  Portotello  barracks  headed  by 
Captain  .  Bowen-Colthurst  iand  Colonel  Allett 
(an  officer  of  advanced  vsears  wfeowhad  returned 
to  service  after  the  outbreak  of  the  war  and 
,  who  was  Killed  during  the  later  stages  of  the 
rebellion)  arrived  at  the  house.  Mrs.  Sheehy 
■Skeffington  ,vas  alone  in  the  house  save  for 
her  boy  and  a  young  maid-servant.  Before 
any  attempt  was  made  to  obtain  an  entrance 
into  the  house  a  volley  was  fired: through  the 
windows.  '  A  body  of  soldiers  with  fixed 
bayonets  under  Captain  Bowen-Colthurst  then 
'  burst  in  through  the  front  dodr;  No  request 
fdr  the  door  to  be  opened  was  made  nor  was 
any  time' given 'to  those  in  the  house  to  open 
it. '  Mrs'.  Sheehy  Skeffington' and  her  boy  bar] 
bayonets  pointed  at  t'-em  ahd  were  ordered  t& 
hold'  their  hands  above  their  heads.  They 
weTe  then,  by  orders  of  Captain  Bowen-i 
Colthurst,  placed  in  the  front  room  together 
with  the  maid-servant  and  kept  guarded  while 
the  house  was  searched.     All  the  rooms  in  the 


214 


house  were  thoroughly  ransacked  and  a  con- 
siderable quantity  of  books  and  papers  were 
wrapped  up  in  the  household  linen,  placed 
in  a  passing  motor  car,  and  taken  away.  Mrs. 
Sheehy  Skeffington  has  been  herself  a  teacher 
of  foreign  languages,  while  Mr.  Sheehy 
Skefhngton  was  at  the  time  the  editor  of  a 
paper  known  as  the  Irish  Citizen,  and  a  large 
part  of  the  material  removed  seems  to  have 
consisted  of  text-books  both  in  German  and 
other  languages,  as  well  as  political  papers 
and  pamphlets  belonging  to  Mr.  Sheehy 
Skeffington.  The  search  lasted  until  a  quar- 
ter past  ten,  when  the  soldiers  departed ;  Mrs. 
Sheehy  Skeffington  together  with  her  boy 
and  maid-servant  remained  under  arrest  up 
to   that   hour. 

SECOND     VISIT    TO     THE     HOUSE. 

50.  On  Monday,  May  1st,  Mrs.  Sheehy 
Skctfington's  house  was  again  visited  by 
soldiers  between  11  a.m.  and  1  p.m.,  but 
Captain  Bowen-Colthurst  had  nothing  to  do 
with  this  second  visit.  Neither  Mrs.  Skeffing- 
ton nor  her  boy  were  in  the  house  at  tha 
time,  the  only  occupant  being  a  temporary 
maid-servant,  Margaret  Farrelly  by  name,  a 
girl  aged  nineteen  or  twenty.  Mrs.  Sherring- 
ton's previous  servant  had  been  terrified  by 
her  experiences  on  the  Friday  and  had  left,, 
and  the  maid  Farrelly  had  been  obtained 
from  one  of  Mrs.  Skeffington's  sisters.  Ser- 
geant Claxton  told  us  that  he  received  a 
message,  transmitted  through  the  police,  that 
an  unknown  person  had  been  seen  entering 
the  house.  Consequently,  two  soldiers  in 
charge  of  this  sergeant  went  there  and  the 
maidservant  was  arrested  and  taken  to  Rath- 
mines  Police  Station.  She  was  detained  until 
the  following  Saturday  when  by  the  efforts  of 
Mrs.  Skeffington's  sisters  her  release  was 
effected.  Nothing  else  appears  to  have  taken 
place  on  the  occasion  of  this  visit  to  the 
house. 

51.  Mr.  Dickson's  house  at  12  HajHhgton 
street  was  visited  by  a  military  search -"arty 
during  the  course  of  Wednesday,  Aoril  26th, 
and  a  bag  with  some  documents  in  ft  was 
taken  away  and  left  temporarily  with  +he 
picket  which  was  still  in  occupation  of  \lderr 
man  Kelly's  tobacco  shop  near  by.  1t  was 
sugge^Wl  before  us  that  this  was  don^  with 
the  object  of  attaching  suspicion  to  A;derman 
Kelly,  but  we  are  satisfied  that  this  was  not 
the  case  and  that  the  incident,  must  be  judged 
merely  as  an  ineffectual  attempt  to  obtain 
evidence  which  might  justify  or  excuse  the 
shooting  which  had  already  take  place  at 
Portobcllo  Barracks. 

THE    FQRC.eD    POCIIMrNT. 

52.  Before  the  outbreak  of  the  rebellion  in 
Dublin,  much  attention  had  been  attracted  to 
a  printed  pamphlet  entitled  "  Secret  Orders 
Issued  to  the  Military."  This  pamphlet  had 
been  widely  circulated  wilh  a  view  to  creat- 
ing the  impression  that  its  contents  repre 
sented  the  text  of  confidential  directions  issued 
by  the  military  authorities  with  the  object  of 


an  attack  upon  the  Sinn  Fein  organisation  and 
its  supporters.     The  doeument  was  a  forgery 
from_beginning  to   end,   and  the  false  repre- 
sentations   it    contained    as    to      the      orders 
actually  issued,~Tio~doubt,  played  some  part  in 
precipitating    the   outbreak   of   the    rebellion. 
A  copy  of  this  document  was  produced  before 
us    with   the    following    note    attached    to    it 
in    red    ink    and   in    the    writing   of    Captain 
Bowen-Colthurst: — "I    certify    that    I    found 
this    document   on   the   person   of   F.    Sheehy 
Skeffington. — J.   C.   Bowen-Colthurst,   Captain 
R.I.R.,  Portobello  Barracks,  25-4-'16."     Lieu- 
tenant Morgan,  who  took  a  careful  copy  of  ail 
the  documents  found  on  Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffing- 
ton on  the  night  that  he  was  arrested,  satis- 
fied   us   that   this   document   was   not   among 
them,  and,  moreover,  that  it  was  not  attached 
to    Captain   Bowen-Colthurst's   report   written 
on  the  day  of  the  shooting.     It  is  quite  cer 
tain  that  Captain  Bowen-Colthurst  added  this 
document,   together  with  the   above  note  ap- 
pended   to    it,    to   those    documents    actuallj 
found   on   Mr.    Sheehy   Skeffington  at   a   laten 
date  than  that  which  the  note  bears,  and  thai 
the   certificate   endorsed   upon   it   was   untrue 
The   document   itself   was   probably   found   b? 
Captain    Bowen-Colthurst    at       Mr.       Sheehjj 
Sherrington's    house    at    the    search    after    hi 
death,    and    the    false    certificate    v\  as    addec 
later.     It   was   conceded   before  us  that  som 
copv    of    the    printed    document    could    hav 
hardlv  failed  to  have  come  into  the  hands  o 
any  Dublin   journalist.     We  think  it  right  t 
state    explicitly    that    no    other    person    is    i 
any  ir-.y  imnlicated  in  this  misrepresentation 
»nd  the  matter  is  only  of  importance  as  a  fui 
ther  instance  of  the  endeavours  made  bv  Car 
tain  Bowen-Colthui'st,  after  the  event,  to  ej 
cuse  his  action. 

sip  fp<\nc!$  wnic  mad  no  pe^pomssbimt 

53.  As  a   result  of  a  communication  to  th 
military  authorities  in  London  made  by  Majc 
Sir   Francis    Vane   (one   of   many  officers   wh 
had    reported    at    Portobello    Barracks    at   th 
commencement    of    the       outbreak)       Captai 
Bowen-Colthurst    was    placed    under    "  open 
arrest    upon    May   6th,    and    subsequently    o 
May    11th    under    "close"   arrest.     Major  S 
Francis   Vane   was   not  an  officer  of  the  reg1  * 
merit   stationed    at   the   barracks   and   had   hi 
responsibility  for  any  of  the  events   we  ha\  *l 
described.     On  the  6th  and  7th  June,  CaptaiP 
Bowen-Colthurst    was    tried    by    court-marti.T*' 
in   Dublin   for  the  murder  of  the  three   met* 
and  was  found  guilty  but  insane. 

54.  We  have  thought  it  formed  no  pa 
of  our  duty  to  conduct  any  inquiry  of  oi 
own  into  the  state  of  Captain  Bowen-Co 
hurst's  mind  at  the  time  he  committed  tl 
offence  of  which  he  has  already  been  four 
guilty  ov  to  hear  any  evidence  upon  the  poin 
The  cC'.ut  martial  pronounced  on  this  matte 
and  its  conclusion  is  on  record.  Apart  fro 
the  defence  r.f  insanity,  there  can  be  no  e 
cuae  or  pallia  lion  for  his  conduct  from  frst  < 
lust,   a  utii'nj   }f  things   which  was  frankly  r 


«■■,, 
iIji 


215 


cognised  by  those  who  appeared  before  us  on 
behalf  of  the  military  authorities. 

GENERAL    OBSERVATIONS. 

55.  We  have  now  set  out  all  the  relevant 
facts  and  circumstances  as  they  appear  to  us 
and  as  we  were  able  to  ascertain  them.  We 
desire  to  add  the  following  general  observa- 
tions which  those  facts  and  circumstances  sug- 
gest to  us  : — 

CIRCUMSTANCES    OF    THE    GARRISON. 

(1)  In  order  to  form  any  fair  judgment  of 
the  conduct  of  the  officers  and  men  at  Porto- 
bello     Barracks     during     Easter     week,     the 
very    exceptional    character    of    the    circum- 
stances in  which  they  were  placed  must  care- 
fully be  borne  in  mind.     The  garrison  of  the 
barracks,    insufficient   as   it   was   for   the   pur- 
pose   of    resisting    any    serious    assault    that 
might   have   been  made,   was  reinforced  by  a 
medley   of   soldiers    from    different   regiments, 
together  with  some  sailors  who  had   reported 
at    the    commencement    of    the    week.        The 
cfficers,    too,    came    from    different   units,    and 
were  in  many  cases  unknown  to  one  another. 
Lt    is    not      to       be    wondered      at    that    this 
state  of  things  produced  a  considerable  laxity 
if  control  and  cohesion   within  the  barracks, 
[t   was    in    such    novel    and    disturbing   condi- 
tions that  the  battalion  stationed  at  the  bar- 
acks   found    itself   deprived   of   its  command- 
ing   officer,     Colonel     McCammondfc     through 
lis   serious  .illness.     Captain    Bowen-Colthurst 
was  the  senior  captain   in  the   barracks,   and 
ilthough  not  the  equal  in  rank,  was  of  longer 
itanding    and    of    greater    experience    in    the 
\rmy    than    Major    Rosborough.      The    latter 
)fficer,    as    well    as   the   Adjutant,   Lieutenant 
Morgan,    were   fully   occupied   with  the  many 
mportant    duties    to    which    the    emergency 
lad    given       rise.     Messages    of    an    alarming 
haracter    were    constantly    being    transmitted 
o    them    from    outside,    and    the    exercise    of 
ffeetive    control    over    an    officer    in    Captain 
5owen-Colthurst's      position      was      rendered 
loudly    difficult.      We    are    satisfied    that   the 
tate    of    things       which       rendered    Captain 
th  Jowen-Colthurst's       conduct      possible       was 
I  fetr.gely    caused    by    the    unfortunate,    but    in- 
vitable  absence  of  Colonel  McCammond,  the 
o  >nly    officer    in    the    barracks    whom    Captain 
lolthurst  would  not  have  considered  himself 
t   liberty   to   ignore.     The   officers   in   charge 
f   the    guard    were   young   men   who  had   re- 
ently    left    school,    and,    of    necessity,    were 
without  -military    experience ;    and    this    fact, 
ombined  with   Captain  Colthurst's  masterful 
haracter    and    superior   rank,    does    much    to 
xcuse  their  failure  to  offer  any  effective  op- 
osition    to    his    treatment    of    prisoners    who 
rere  under  their  charge. 

[M      RAID   ON    MRS.  SKEFFINGTON'S   HOUSE. 

H  ■"  (2)  No  evidence  as  to  the  raid  on  Mrs. 
fjheehy  Skeffington's  house  on  Friday  even- 
%g.  April  28th,  was  tendered  to  us  on  behalf 
tf'it  the  military,  save  that  Major  Rosborough 
llllenied  that  he  had  given' any  orders  for  it — 
>  $  statement  which  we  accept.  A  large  num- 
ber of  soldiers  took  part  in  the  raid,  and  it 
yrt 


is  impossible  to  suppose  that  the  facts  as  to 
it  remained  unknown  to  all  not  actually  en- 
gaged in  it,  though  we  cannot  believe  that 
the  methods  employed  were  either  authorised 
ov  approved.  The  discreditable  character  of 
the  jjroeeeding  is  intensified  by  the  circum- 
stance that  a  few  hours  before,  when  in- 
quiries were  made  at  the  barracks  on  Mrs. 
Sheehy  Skeffington's  behalf,  information  was 
refused  by  the  officer  responsible  for  her  hus- 
band's death,  who  himself  then  headed  the 
raid.  We  think  it  right  to  say  that,  in  our 
opinion,  it  is  a  circumstance  highly  regret- 
table and  most  surprising  that,  after  the 
events  of  Wednesday,  Captain  Bowen-Colt- 
hurst should  have  found  himself  free  to  act 
in  company  with  a  body  of  soldiers,  as  he 
did    on    the    following    Friday. 

POWERS    UNDER    MARTIAL    LAW. 

"  (3)  The  effect,  so  far  as  the  powers  of 
military  authorities  are  concerned,  of  a  pro- 
clamation of  martial  law  within  the  United 
Kingdom  has  often  been  expounded,  but, 
nevertheless,  in  the  crisis  which  evokes  such 
a  proclamation,  is  not  always  remembered. 
Such  a  proclamation  does  not,  in  itself,  con- 
fer upon  officers  or  soldiers  any  new  powers. 
ft  operates  solely  as  a  warning  that  the  Go- 
vernment, acting  through  the  military,  is 
about  to  take  such  forcible  and  exceptional 
measures  as  may  be  necessary  for  the  pur- 
pose of  putting  down  insurrection  and  re- 
storing order.  As  long  as  the  measures  are 
necessary,  they  might  equally  be  taken  with- 
out any  proclamation  at  all.  The  measures 
that  are  taken  can  only  be  justified  by  the 
circumstances  then  existing  and  the  practical 
necessities  of  the  case.  Yet,  Miss  Kelly  told 
us  that  when  Captain  Bowen-Colthurst  en- 
tered her  brother's  premises  he  warned  those 
present  that  '  as  martial  law  had  been  pro- 
claimed' he  could  shoot  them  as  he  had  shot 
someone  in  the  street.  Captain  Bowen-Colt- 
hurst, in  his  second  report  on  the  shootings, 
claims  to  have  acted  under  the  belief  that  he 
was  exercising  powers  conferred  on  him  by 
martial  law ;  and  we  heard  from  the  young 
officer  who  was  left  with  Mr.  Sheehy 
Skeffington  at  Portobello  Bridge  while  Cap- 
tain Bowen-Colthurst  went  forward,  that  he 
saw  nothing  '  strange '  in  the  order  that  he 
was  to  shoot  Mr.  Sheehy  Skeffington  in  the 
event  of  anything  hanpening  to  Capt.  Bowen- 
Colthurst's  party  three  hundred  vards  off.  The 
shooting  of  unarmed  and  unresisting  civilians 
without  trial  constitutes  the  offence  of 
murder,  whether  martial  law  has  been  pro- 
claimed or  not.  We  should  have  deemed 
it  superfluous  to  point  this  out  were  it  not 
that  the  failure  to  realise  and  apolv  this 
elementarv  principle  seems  to  explain  the 
free  hand  "which  Captain  Bowen-Colthurst 
was  not  restrained  from  exercising  through- 
out the  period  of  crisis. 

56  We  desire  to  state  that  we  have  had 
every  asftiete. -: e  froar  ^fc»  military  rrthorities 
in  obtaining  all  the  documents  a»d  evidence  at 
their  disposal  which  we  required  for  the  pur- 
poses of  our  inquiry,  and  that  we  are  in- 
debted ,  W   *H    Who  "'a  i  pea  ted    before'  us    for 


216 


their  help  in  elucidating  the  course  of  these 
lamentable  events. 

57  Finally,  we  desire  to  express  our  cordial 
appreciation  of  the  valuable  services  rendered 
to  us  by  our  Secretary,  Mr.  Harold  L 
Murphy,  both  during  our  Sittings  and  H  the 
preparation  of  this  Report. 

All    which    we    humbly    submit    a"^    report 
or   Your   Majesty's    gracious    consideration. 
(Signed)     John  Stmon, 

Thomas  F.  Molont. 
Denis  S.   Henri. 
II.vpotp  L.  Murphv 
Secretary . 
September'  29th .   1916. 

THE  EVIDENCE. 

The  sittings  of  the  Commission  were  held 
at  the  Four  Courts.  Dublin,  on  Wednesday, 
23rd  August.  Thursday,  24th;  Friday,  25th, 
Saturday,  26th.  Monday  27th.  and  Thursday, 
31st  August.  i916.  In  ah  thirty-eight  wit- 
nesses were  examined,  and  the  evidence  given 
was  fully  reported  in  the  issues  of  the  Irish 
7'imrs  following  the  dates  mentioned.  All  the 
facts  in  the  case  are  set  out  in  the  foregoing 
report  of  the  Commission,  and  we  reproduce 
here  the  chief  points  in  tho  evidence  of  the 
principal  witnesses  : — 

SERGEANT   JOHN    M/.XWELL. 

At  the  first  day's  sitting  uf  the  Commission, 

Sergeant  John  Maxwell,  3rd  Royal  Irish 
Rifles.,  said  lie  was  regimental  provost-sergeant 
at  Portobello  on  April  25th.  There  was  i  man 
in  the  guardroom  whose  name  he  was  informed 
was  Skeffington.  He  was  interrogated  and  was 
ordered  to  be  detained  ^ending  further  in- 
quiry. 

Cross-examined  by  Mr.  Healy — When  did 
you  first  see  a  man  named  Edehstein  in  the 
barracks?  I  cannot  remember.  I  know  the 
man    very    w<  11. 

Was  he  what  is  called  a  "spotter"  for  the 
military?     I   could    not    answer   that. 

Did  you  see  a  person  called  Isaacs  coming 
to  the  barracks?     No,  1  did  not. 

SECOND  LIEUT  LESLIE  WILSON  DESCRIBES 
THE    SHOOTtNG    OF    COADE. 

Second  Lieutenant  Leslie  Wilson,  5th  Royal 
Lish  Fusiliers,  epeated  the  evidence  he  gave 
at  the  court  martial,  and  was  afterwards  cross- 
examined  by   Mr.   Ii- 

Mr.     Healy — Wat*    .Mr         Skefbn,..       ..and- 

rnffed?     No,   I  i.!    his   1 <h   wer  \  t::-.»     lehind 

hi--  hack.  Bi ■  ■■■  i  •  • ■!  to  the  bridg  >  Captair. 
Holt  hand  took  a  rifie  from  one  of  the  men 
and  fired  in  the  air  several  times. 

Did  you  ],',.  ..!  the  shooting  by  Captain 
Coltrnvi  ■■  "'  <  'oade?  T  could  not 

lay  whether  he  wat  a  toy  or  i  man,  but  I 
was  present 

Where  was  v  •".  _i  n?  F  j  wa.s  III  tte 
middle  oi  the  |  a  rty. 

Where  was  the  Hoy  lillrd'  This  person  was 
mortally  wounded  ■■'*  the  tramway  end  of  the 
Due  leading  to  the  barracks.  So  far  as  I  rs- 
member  two  n  ■'■>  were  slinking  or  sneaking1 
sbout   the    barracks,    as    if    tln-y    were    spi«. 


Captain  Colthurst  asked  them  what  their 
business  was,  and  they  gave  some  impudence, 
using  blasphemous  oaths.  One  of  them  said 
something  about  Captain  Colthurst  being  a 
'"lloody  fool,"  and  then  ran  away  like  a 
►ward,  ''laptain  Colthurst  raised  his  rifle 
i  T.dentl)  with  the  intention  of  stopping  him 
ci  frightening  him,  and  fired  in  the  air.  The 
bullet,  said  witness,  was  evidently  misplaced, 
as  it  went  into  the  man's  abdomen.  Skeffing- 
ton at  this  time  was  surrounded  by  the 
soldiers. 

Mr.  Healy — Are  you  aware  that  Coade  was 
not  the  only  man  shot  in  the  streets  by  Col- 
thurst? TLst  is  the  only  man  as  far  as  1  am 
aware  that  was  shot  by  Captain  Colthurst. 

And  you  never  heard  that  he  had  previously 
shot   another   man?     No. 

SERGEANT     ALDRIDGE     TELLS     OF     THE 
SHOOTING    OF   THE   THREE    MEN. 

Sergeant  Joh.i  William  Aldridge.  10th 
Roya'  DuLha  Fusiliers,  answering  the 
Attorney-General,  said  1  a  was  oa 
duty  at  the  guardroom  on  the  Wednesday 
morning,  April  26th.  He  repeated  the  evi- 
dence given  by  him  at  the  court-martial  on 
Capt.  Bowen-C'olthurst,  which  was  that  he 
heard  and  saw  that  officer  order  out  the  three 
men — Skeffington,  Dickson  and  Maclntyre — - 
into  the  yard  behind  the  guardroom,  where 
they  were  shot. 

Cross-examined  by  Mr  Healy — Tiw  men 
were   neither  pinioned   nor  blindfolded. 

Did  they  get  any  time  to  say  their  prayers? 
They    did    not. 

Did  they  know  they  \  ere  going  to  their 
death?     I  don't  think  they  did. 

Were  they  shot   in   the   back    ~<r  tka    front? 

.lrough  the  front,  and  Lhe  bullets  penetrated 
hrough   the    back. 

Do  you  say  that  when  the  guns  were  pre- 
sented' at  them  neither  of  them  said  anything 
— didn't  they  ask  for  a  piiest?  Not  in  my 
hearing. 

Beside  Captain  Colthurst,  yourself,  and  the 
seven  men,  were  any  other  persons  present?  I 
am   sure   tliere   were  not. 

Do  you  say  that  none  of  the  men  protested 
against  being  shot?  Thev  didn't  mention  any- 
thing at  all  in  my  hearing. 

Did  they  utter  even  a  cry?     No. 

Your  account  is  that  these  three  men  re- 
mained mute  as  statues  during  that  proceed- 
ing?    That  is  right. 

Did  they  make  even  a  (restore?  Nothing  at 
all.  They  obeyed  orders  and  marched  to  the 
wall. 

Do  you  suggest  that  this  man  Dickson,  a 
Scotchman,  who  had  nothing  to  do  with  the 
rebellion,  made  no  protest  against  his  death? 
No.   sir:   it  was  all  too  sudden. 

The  Chairman — Did  you  know  at  the  time 
who  was  in  command  of  the  soldiers  at  the 
barracks?  No;  I  had  come  in  only  the  even- 
ing before,  like  other  soldiers  who  were  in 
danger.  There  were  three  sailors  who  took 
refuge  in  .i  similar  way. 

Were  there  any  sailors  in  the  firing  party? 
No. 

You  told  us  that  Captain  Colthurst  said  he 


217 


wanted  the  three  men  out  to  speak  to  them? 
Yes. 

Did  he  speak  to  them?  Only  to  tell  them 
to  go  to  the  wall. 

Did  he  ever  accuse  them  of  anything?    No. 

Did  he  ever  explain  to  them  that  he  was 
going  to  shoot  them  ?     No. 

Did  he  ever  ask  them  if  they  had  any- 
thing to  say?     No. 

Did  you  feel  that  you  had  no  alternative  but 
to  obey  his  orders?  No.  I  did  not  under- 
stand that  he  was  going  to  have  them  shot. 
It  was  a  surprise  to  me,  and  the  men  them- 
selves did  not  realise  what  was  going  to 
happen.  When  he  asked  for  the  seven  men  I 
thought  he  wanted  them  as  an  escort. 

Did    anybody   make   any   sort  of   protest  at 
all?     No;  there  was  no  one  there  to  do  it. 
LIEUTENANT  TOOLEY. 

Lieutenant  Tooley,  6th  Royal  Irish  Rifles, 
deposed  to  having  conveyed  a  message  to 
Captain  Colthurst  after  the  shooting  to  the 
effect  that  the  body  of  Skeffington  was  show- 
ing signs  of  life.  Captain  Colthurst  then 
Ordered  Skeffington  to  be  killed. 

LIEUTENANT    MORGAN. 

Lieutenant  Morgan.  3rd  Royal  Irish  Rifles, 
adjutant  on  duty  at  Portobello  at  the  time  of 
the  shooting,  repeated  the  evidence  he  gave 
before  the  court-martial  on  Captain  Bowen 
Colthurst. 

Cross-examined  by  Mr.  Healy — Did  you  re- 
ceive any  written  communication  from"  Head- 
quarters, Irish  Command?  No,  not  till  about 
6th  May,  when  an  order  was  received  to  place 
Captain  Colthurst  under  arrest. 

Did  you  communicate  to  the  Garrison  Ad- 
jutant, Dublin  Castle,  the  fact  of  the  three 
murders?  I  did,  about  11.15  in  the  morning 
of  the  occurrence. 

Who,  as  far  as  yon  know,  was  the  recipient 
of  that  report?  So  far  as  I  know,  it  was  the 
Garrison  Adjutant,  Captain  Byrne.  In  accord- 
ance with  orders,  witness  made  a  written  re- 
port to  the  Garrison  Adjutant  on  1st  or  2nd 
May.  Witness  went  on  to  say  that  Mr. 
Skeffington  was  searched  by  Captain  Colthurst 
when  he  was  brought  in.  The  things  found  on 
him  were  brought  by  Captain  Colthurst  to 
witness,  and  he  had  them  locked  up  in  his 
safe  until  he  handed  them  over  to  the  Chap- 
lain, Father  O'Loughlin,  about  May  5«h.  Cap- 
tain Colthurst  never  got  a  key  from  him  for 
Mr.  Skeffington's  house.  There  was  a  docu- 
ment produced  at  the  courtmartial  which  had 
upon  it  an  endorsement  in  the  name  of  Ca«ptain 
Colthurst  to  the  effect  that  it  had  been  found 
on  the  person  of  Mr.  Skeffington  on  the  night 
of  April   25. 

Mr.  Powell — That  is.  a  printed  document 
purporting  to  give  the  alleged  disposition  of 
the  troops  in  Dublin. 

Mr.  Healy — Was  that  document  one  of  those 
that    were    handed    to.^you    on    that   Tuesday 
night  by  Captain  Colthurst?     It  was  not. 
MR.    EDELSTEIN    INTERVENES. 

When  the  Commission  resumed  its  sitting, 
on  Thursday,  ?Ith  Augimt,  the  inquiry  was 
iield  .in   th»  Court   of   Appeal,    Four   Courts, 


the  court  of  the  Land  Judge,  which  was  occu- 
pied the  first  day,  having  been  found  incon- 
venient for  the  accommodation  of  the  many 
people   interested   in   the   proceedings, 

Mr.  Edelstein,  rising  from  one  of  the  back 
benches,  said— Sir,  I  am  the  person  named 
Edelstein  referred  to  in  the  cross-examination 
by  Mr.  Healy  of  Sergeant  Maxwell,  and  in 
that  he  has  made  terrible  insinuations  which 
imperils  my  own  life,  I  desire  to  give  evi- 
dence. 

The  Chairman  said  if  Mr.  Edelstein  could 
make  it  convenient  to  attend  during  the  day 
they  would  have  an  opportunity  to  consider 
whether'  they  should  permit  him  to  give  evi- 
dence. 

Lieutenant  Morgan,  answering  Mr.  Healv, 
said  the  bodies  were  buried  uncoffincd  under  the 
direction  of  the  medical  officer  (Major  Balch) 
and  the  engineering  officer  (Major  Guinness). 
They  were  wrapped  in  sheets  and  laid  in  un- 
consecrated   ground. 

Was  a  ring  stripped  from  Mr.  Skeffington's 
finger  and  denied  to  his  wife?  That  I  could 
not  say.  The  medical  officer  will  probably  ac- 
count for  that. 

Was  Mr.  Skeffington  wearing  a  little  badge  : 
"Votes  for  Women"?     I  could  not  say. 

Was  that  badge  and  ring  kept  from  the 
widow  for  weeks  and  weeks,  until  by  persis- 
tent applications  she  got  them  from  Dublin 
Castle?     I  don't  know. 

What  became  of  the  effects  of  Mr.  Dickson? 
They  were  handed  over  to  his  mother. 

The  prisoners  Dickson  and  Maclntyre  were, 
as  you  know,  arrested  in  Alderman  Kelly's 
tobacco  shop?     They  were. 

Who  instructed  Captain  Colthurst  to  go 
and  effect  that  raid?  We  consulted  the 
General  Officer  Commanding ;  we  told  him 
that  we  had  a  report  that  rebels  were  in  oc- 
cupation of  Kelly's,  house,  and  he  directed  us 
to  send  a  party  to  the  house. 

Now,  about  this  man  Edelstein,  when  did 
.you  first  see  him?  The  first  time  1  saw  Edel- 
stein was  on  the  Sunday  following  Easter  Sun- 
day. 

Was  that  the  first  you  heard  of  him?  I 
had  heard  of  him  on  the  morning  of  that  day. 

Was  he  then  supposed  to  be  in  custody? 
He  was  not  in  custody. 

Was  he  ever  in  your  custody?     He  was. 

When  did  he  come  into  it?  On  that  Sunday 
night. 

ARREST    OF     DICKSON     AND     MaclNTYRE. 

You  knew,  ef  course,  that  he  was  in  Kelly's 
shop  on  the  night  Dickson  and  Maclntyre 
were  arrested?  Alderman  Kelly  told  me 
about   him. 

What  was  he  arrested  for?  An  officer  re 
ported  that  Edelstein,  was  in  Kelly's  shop 
giving  out  cigars  wholesale  to  the  public,  and 
as  a  result  of  that  report  I  inquired  of  Alder 
Tan  Kelly,  who  was  then  in  prison.  In  conse 
quence  of  that,  report,  and  Alderman  Kellj 
having  told  me  that  Edelstein  had  no  right  tc 
bf  im  his  house 

Was  that  why  he  was  arrested  ?  He  got 
into  the  barracks  by  some  manner  on  Siindaj 


218 


night  and  he  was  detained  and  brought  before 
Colonel  MeCammond  next  day.  Colonel 
MeCammond  was  disposed  to  release  him. 

He  was  rot  released:  There  were  seventeen 
men  that  the  colonel  was  disposed  to  release. 
but  the  G.O.C.'s  instructions  were  that  all  the 
raea  were  to  be  detaiv.ed  and  sent  to  Rich- 
mond Barracks. 

The  Chairman — Do  you  say  that  when  you 
f;rst  saw  Edelstein  in  barracks  he  was  not 
under  arrest  ?     He  was   under  arrest. 

Mr.  Healy — Were  the  arrangements  con- 
nected with  the  barracks  so  loose  that  in  the 
middle  of  a  rebellion  a  man  like  this  could 
get  inside  your  gates  without  your  knowledge? 
Well,  he  should  not  have  got  m.  Perhaps  ne 
made  some  excuse  to  get  in.  He  to!d  me  that 
he  came  to  see  Major  Sir  Francis  Vane. 

Did  he  make  a  statement — a  remarkable 
statement — to  the  prejudice  of  Alderman  Kelly 
to  justify  his  (Kelly's)  arrest?  He  had  so 
much  to  say  that  it  is  very  hard  to  remember 
what  he  did  say.  (Laughter.)  Ee  had  too 
much  to  say. 

Did  he  make  a  statement  about  bombs 
shattering  Kelly's  windows? 

The  Attorney-General  said  this  was  going 
beyond  the  scope  of  the  inquiry.  If  these  mat- 
ters were  allowed  the  inquiry  would  be  end- 
less. 

The  Commission  rsled  out  the  question. 

Mr.  Healy — I  want  to  show  that  my  client 
Diet  son  was  arrested  on  the  information  of 
this  man  Edelstein. 

.Mr.  Edelstein — That  is  an  awful  lie.  I  will 
be  called  as  a  witness,  and  Mr.  Healy  can 
make  as  much  as  he  likes  out  of  me,  and, 
being  a  Jew,  he  has  his  bait- 

The  Chairman — if  you  do  not  keep  quiet  you 
must  go  outside. 

Mr.  Healy — T  want  to  show  that  Dickson 
v  as  arrested  on  the  relation  of  this  man  Edel- 
stein, whose  contributor  he  was.  I  want  to 
bring  out  the  Facts  connected  with  that  arrest; 
1  want  to  show  that  there  was  no  one  in 
Kelly's  shop  with  hostile  intent. 

The  Chairman — Dickson  was  arrested  on 
Tuesday  night.  Tire  conversation  between  the 
witness  and  Edelstein  lock  place  on  the  fol- 
lowing SiiT'.tiav  ?     yes. 

Then  that  conversation  could  not  bare  led 
to  t he  arrest  of  ibekson. 

Was  it  reported  t  <  yon  that  Edelstein  was 
on  Alderman  Kelly's  premises  when  the  arrest 
of  Dickson  and  Madntyre  took  place?  It  was, 
)  j    Aldei  man    Kelly. 

Mr.  Healy— Do  you  know  that  Edelstein 
vis  what  was  called  a  "  snotter "  for  the 
military?  I  did  not.  1  heard  about  him  being 
il   linguist 

CAPTAIN    COLTHURST'S    REPORT. 

'I  !>-  (  bail  man  referred  to  the  report  of  the 
(■hooting  made  by  Captain  Colthnrst  on  26th 
April,  in  which  lie  stated  that  from  the  docu- 
ments he  had  Found  mi  the  three  men,  he  be- 
l,.-."d  t  hi-,  were  ?en  dangerous  characters, 
;ui.|  that  he  attached  to  tlm  rep*  A  the  docu- 
ments referred  to 

Witness  said  he  believed  tliii  fily  docu- 
ment* attached   were  some  papa  t  iuund   ui  on 


Mr.  Skeffington.  He  had  seen  the  previous 
night  the  other  papers  taken  from  Dickson 
and  Maclntyre,  and  in  his  opinion  there  was 
nothing  incriminating  in  them.  Witness 
had  copies  made  of  these  docrTi.e*>t.F.  and 
handed  them  in 

The  Chairman  tt.id  u.eiv  were  tv  o  oherhng- 
to.i  documents,  which  he  read.  Oil?  was  a 
letter  which  obviously  had  nothing  to  do 
with  the  disturbances,  and  the  other  was  a 
draft  for  a  proposed  civic  guard  to  protect 
shops. 

Witness  said  he  had  seen  them  on  the 
Tuesday  night,  and  attached  no  importance 
to  them.  He  added  that  later  on,  about  the 
4th  or  5th  of  May,  Captain  Colthurst  came  to 
witness  and  asked  to  attach  to  his  report  of 
the  shooting  some  documents  which  he  had 
obtained  in  Mr.  Skeffington's  house.  He  did 
attach  these  documents. 

MAJOR    ROSBOROUGK. 

Major  James  RosUorough,  of  the  ord  Bait. 
Royal  Irish  Rifles,  examinee)  by  the 
Attorney-General  stated  that  Colonel 
MeCammond  went  on  sick  leave  on 
the  23rd  April  and  did  not  return  till 
29th.  Witness  was  in  the  barracks  on  Easter 
Monday  and  also  on  Tuesday,  lie  Cist  heard 
of  the  shooting  of  theee  nun  about  10:5  on 
Wednesday  morning,  when  Cap  a  in  Colthurst 
himself  reported  he  bad  ordered  them  to  bo 
shot.  He  had  not  known  of  t'  e  p.nest  of  a 
man  named  Skeffintrton  iuimI  after  the  shoot- 
ing. The  same  applied  to  the  othi  r  men.  He 
might  have  heard  that  so  many  people  had 
been  detained,  but  he  had  no  particular  in- 
formation about  them.  He  heard  the  next 
coy  that  Captain  Colthurst  bad  taken  out  Mr. 
iSi<euington,  -ut  he  had  no  recollection  of 
having  hearel  that  he  had  been  taken  out  as  a 
hostage. 

Replying  to  the  Chairman,  witness  said  he 
gave  orders  to  Captain  Colthurst  to  make  a. 
search  of  Kelly's  shop,  but  he  reave  no  order  nf 
any  kinel  as  *•»  taking  Mr.  Skefrington  with 
him  either  as  i  hostage  or  in  any  other  capa- 
city. In  fact,  he  had  no  recollection  of 
Skeffington's  name  being  mentioned  that 
ni^ht.  or  of  the  other  prisoners'  names  being 
mentioned.  There  might  have  been  a  casual 
remark  about  them,  and  it  would  be  in  order 
for  Captain  Colthurst  to  have  reported  what 
had  happened  at  Kelly's,  but  it  was  a  time  of 
great  pressure,  and  it  had  made  no  impres- 
sion e>n   his  memory. 

It  would  be  a  verv  unusual  thing  for  a  cap- 
tain to  take  a.  civilian  prisoner  out  of  the 
guardroom  when  he  was  going  on  an  expedi- 
tion of  thai  sort?  Most  unusual.  I  want  it 
very  clearly  understood  that  the  word  "host- 
a^e  "  was  never  mentioned.  If  it  had  been 
I  am  quite  certain  it  would  have  fixed  itself 
on    my   mind. 

CAPTAIN     COLTHURST'S     VERBAL     REPORT. 

In  reply  to  further  questions  witness  said 
the  fust  he  heard  of  the  shooting  was  when  he 
was  walking  across  the  barrack  square.  (  apt. 
Colthurst  came  lift  to  witness  arid  said  lie  hail 
shot  &ir*  prisoners  on  his  own  responsibility, 


2: -9 


and  he  possibly  would  get  into  trouble  about 
it,  said  that  he  would  lively  be  handed  for  it, 
or  .something   like   that. 

Tha!,  is  to  the  best  of  your  recollection?  I 
am   quite  certain  of  that. 

The  Chairman — When  you  learned  that 
Capt.  Colthurst  had  gone  out  contrary  to  your 
orders  on  the  Friday,  did  you  make  an  in- 
quiry? I  do  not  think  I  was  in  command 
then.  He  did  go  out  on  a  different  occasion 
against  orders,  and  I  brought  him  before  the 
colonel. 

LIEUTENANT  COLONEL    McCAMMOND. 

Lieut. -Col.  McCammond,  Commanding  the 
3rd  Royal  Irish  Rifles,  examined  by  Air. 
Powell,  said  he  had  been  in  hospital  from 
April  23rd  to  the  29th.  When  he  returned 
to  Portobel'.o  Barracks  he  heard  of  the  shoot- 
ings, and  that  Capt.  Colthurst  was  the  author 
of  the  tragedies. 

In  reply  to  Mr.  Healy  the  witness  said  that 
Major  Sir  Francis  Vane  was  "displaced"  in 
Portohello  Barracks  on  May  1st.  There  was  a 
Court  of  Inquiry  held  at  Belfast  on  May  9th 
as  to  the  shootings. 

Lieut. -Colonel  McCammond.  referring  to 
an  earlier  question  by  Mr.  Healy  relating 
to  the  repairing  of  the  marks  made  in 
the  wail  by  the  bullets  which  killed  the  three 
men,  said  the  marked  bricks  were  taken  out 
and  replaced  by  others  so  that  military  pri- 
soners exercising  in  the  yard  might  not  see 
the.m. 

Major  dimness  said  that  he  had  au- 
thorised the  thing  to  be  done. 

CAPTAIN     MURPHY. 

Captain  Murphy.  1st  Royal  Irish  Fusil'ers, 
gave  evidence  of  having,  by  order,  with  a 
party  of  men,  visited  the  house  of  Thomas 
Dickson  in  Harrington  street  where  he  found 
a  black  bag,  which  he  sent  by  a  lame  soldier 
to  the  nearest  picket,  which  was  at  Alderman 
Kelly's  shop.  It  remained  there  for  a  short 
time,  and'  it  was  afterwards  sent  to  the  bar- 
racks. 

Sergeant  Claxton,  4th  Royal  Irish  Fusi- 
liers, who  was  stationed  in  charge  of  Alder- 
man Kelly's  shop,  deposed  to  having  received 
the  bag  and  sending  it  alon^  to  the  barracks. 
The  witness  caused  laughter  in  court  when 
in  reply  to  Mr.  Healy  he  said  that  Alderman 
Kelly  had  asked  him  to  arrest  him.  "  He 
said"  he  wanted  to  be  arrested,  and  I  told  him 
I  wouldn't,"  added  the  witness. 

MRS.  SHEEHY  SKEFFIN  GTON'S  EVIDENCE. 
Mrs.  Skeffington,  widow  of  Mr.  Sheehy- 
Skeffington,  was  examined  on  Friday, 
25th  August,  and  deposed  to  the  diffi- 
culty she  had  experienced  in  obtain- 
ing information  as  to  the  fate  of  her  hus- 
band. She  then  described  the  raid  made  by 
Captain  Colthurst  and  a  body  of  soldiers  on 
her  residence  at  Grosvenor  place,  Rathmines, 
©n  the  Friday  evening.  They  came  to  the 
place  after  seven  o'clock  in  the  evening.  The 
first  she  heard  of  it  was  the  sound  of  a  volley 
•f  firing,  and  then  the  smashing  of  glass. 
XU«i'«    vvaa    no    preliminary    knotting    or   de- 


manding of  admission.  When  the  soldiers 
entered  Captain  Colthurst  ordered  witness  and 
ber  little  boy  to  put  up  their  hands.  The 
little  boy  gave  a  cry,  and  witness  put  her  arms 
around  him  She  believed  she  said,  "These 
are  the  defenders  of  women  and  children." 
The  man  who  was  in  charge— she  later  learned 
that  he  was  Captain  Colthurst — asked  hei> 
very  insolently  who  were  the  occupants  of 
the  house.  In  the  meantime  parties  of 
soldiers  had  burst  into  the  house  by  the  rear 
and  went  into  all  the  rooms.  Captain  Colt- 
hurst then  placed  witness  and  her  child  and 
maid  in  the  drawingroom,  and  put  them  under 
arrest.  They  were  kept  there  for  three  hours 
while  the  soldiers  were  ransacking  the  house 
and  taking  away  papers  and  books.  The  latter 
included  text  books  in  German,  French,  Rus- 
sian, and  other  languages.  Referring  to  the 
German  book*,  one  soldier  made  the  remark, 
"Apparently,  sir  he  was  in  correspondence  with 
the  Kaiser."  (Laughter.)  Her  husband  being 
a  journalist,  and  editor  of  the  Jrixli  Citizen, 
had  a  great  lot  of  papers  of  all  kinds 
in  the  house.  Alt  these  and  other  property 
were  taken  away  in  a  motor  car.  The  soldiers 
occupied  the  house  for  three  hours,  and  others 
guarded  it  all  night.  She  also  described  the 
incidents  of  a  second  laid,  when  her  maid  was 
taken  away  and  detained  for  some  days.  Many 
of  the  articles  taken  from  her  house'  had  not 
been  returned,  and  it  was  only  on  the  23rd 
May,  after  endless  trouble,  and  by  the  assist- 
ance of  Sir  Francis"  Vane,  that  she  got  her  hus- 
band's ring.  She  had  never  received  forma! 
notice  of  trie  death  of  her  husband.  Every 
scrap  of  information  she  had  received  was 
gathered  as  the  result  of  endless  research.  She 
would  like  to  have  some  evidence  as  to 
whether  any  medical  man  saw  the  body  of  her 
husband  immediately  after  his  death. 

The  Chairman  said  that  would  be  attended 
to,  and  the  Court  adjourned. 

MR.     EDELSTEIN'S     DENIALS. 

When  the  Commission  resumed  its  sittings 
on  _  Saturday,  26th  August,  Mr.  Edelstern 
again  intervened. 

The  Chairman — We  may  as  well  dispose  of 
this  at  once.  Let  me  ask  you  this  first  of 
all — were  you  present  when  Mr.  Dickson  was 
arrested?    No,  I  was  not  there. 

Were  you  there  when  Mr.  Maclntyre  was 
arrested?    No. 

Did  you  know  anything  at  all  about  their 
intended  arrest  before  it  took  place?  Not  at 
all.  I  never  knew  Dickson,  and  never  spoke  to 
him  or  wrote  for  him. 

You  knew  nothing  about  it  at  all?  Nothing 
about  the  arrest  of  Dickson  or  Maclntyre.  I 
introduced  Major  Sir  Francis  Vane  to  Alder- 
man Kelly,  but  I  did  not  know  he  was  going 
to  arrest  him. 

That  is  all  that  happened?    Yes.. 

And  vou  know  nothing  ft  bout  the  arrest  of 
Mr.  Skeffington?  Nothing  at  all.  It  is  all 
bosh,  Mr.  Healy's  statement,  from  beginning 
to  end. 

It  was  stated  that  you  were  a  "spotter" 
to  the  military,  and  you  have  already  denied 


220 


you  were  a  "spotter"  to  the  military?  I  was 
no  such  thing. 

I  understand  it  is  not  true?    Not  at  all. 

MRS.    SKEFFINGTON     RECALLED. 

Mrs.  Skeffingtou  was  recalled,  and  in  reply 
to- Mr.  Healy.  K.O.,  she  said  she  had  no  por- 
trait of  the  Kaiser  it,  her  house  at  the  time  of 
the  raid. 

In  fact  had  you  long  before  the  war  a  little 
penny  school  flag  which  you  used  in  teaching 
about  the  Kaiser?  Yes,  1  got  it  at  a  bazaar 
long  before  the  war. 

Did  you  read  a  statement  on  the  2nd  May 
published  in  the  London  Press  that  your  hus- 
band was  killed  in  a  green  uniform,  fighting 
on  the  side  of  the  rebels?     I  did. 

That  was,  of  course,  untrue?     Yes. 

EVIDENCE    OF    MRS.    KETTLE. 

Mrs.  Kettle,  wife  of  Lieutenant  T.  M. 
Kettle,  who  was  killed  in  action,  and 
sister  of  Mrs.  Skefhngton,  was  then 
examined,  and  deposed  to  conversations 
about  the  disappear mce  of  Mr.  Skefhngton. 
From  the  Wednesday  several  reports  were  re- 
ceived, but  they  seemed  simply  fairy  tales,  and 
they  gave  no  credence  to  them  On  the  Fri- 
day they  heard  from  a  good  source  that  Mr. 
Skeffington  had  been  .shot.  Witness  and  Mrs. 
Cu'hane.  another  sister  went  to  the  Rath- 
M'iJies  Police  Station  to  make  inquiries,  but  they 
said  they  knew  nothing,  and  directed  them 
to  Portobello  Barracks.  As  witness  thought 
there  might  be  som..  difficulty  in  gaining  ac- 
cess to  the  barracks,  they  decided  to  ask  in 
the  first  instance  for  her  brother,  Lieutenant 
Sheehy,  who  was  on  duty  in  Dublin  at  the 
time  Having  asked  as  to  Lieutenant  Sheehy 
witness  and  Mis  C'ulhane  were  admitted 
through  the  first  gate.  At  the  second  gate 
there  was  some  difficulty,  but  finally  they  got 
in.  They  met  a  junior  officer — she  thought 
he  belonged  to  the  Minister  Fusiliers — and  he 
said  he  knew  their  brother,  but  had  no  in- 
formation as  to  where  he  was  doing  duty. 
Then  they  mentioned  the  name  of  Mr.  Skeffing- 
ton.  The  young  officer  got  very  confused  and 
blushed   all   ovei  He   said.      "  Is   he     your 

brother-in-law,"  and  she  said  "  Yes."  The 
officer  excused  himself  for  a  minute  and  con- 
sulted with  some  other  soldiers  and  officers. 
He  came  back  and  asked  some  other  questions 
about  Mr  Skeffingtou.  He  would  excuse  him- 
self every  other  minute,  and  that  went  on  for 
over  half  an  hour.  Then  he  came  back  and 
paid  he  must  place  hoth  of  them  under  arrest 
They  askeri  why,  and  he  replied  that  they  had 
received  information  that  she  and  her  sistet 
were  Sinn  Fe.iner$.  They  replied,  "Of  course, 
that  is  absurd.  '  that  they  had  never  in  ar.y 
way  been  identified  with  the  Sinn  Fein  party. 
The  officer  then  said  be  regretted  he  must 
place  them  under  arrest  He  then  ordered  an 
*rmed  guard  of  about  twelve  men  to  take  them 
to  the  orderly  room.  They  were  interrogated 
there.  After  ten  nr  aites  an  officer  came 
whom  they  later  leci./tiised  as  Capt.  Colt- 
hurst.  He  wps.  sajc>  vitness,  "a  cool  col- 
lected type  of .  EiiglUt.  ♦*,.    {L*Vfib*«rj     Sim 


eye  struck  us  as  having  the  cold  cruel  look 
which  goes  with  an  unimaginative  nature" 
(Renewed  laughter.)  Having  given  them  a 
military  salute  Capt.  Colthurst  asked  what 
they  wanted.  They  first  said  they  wanted  to  in- 
quire about  their  brother,  Lieut.  Sheehy.  They 
then  said  they  also  wished  information  about 
Mr.  Sherrington.  This,  said  witness,  was  on 
the  Friday  after  the  shooting.  Capt.  Colthurst 
said,  "  I  know  nothing  whatever  about  Mr. 
Skeffington."  The  young  officer  who  was  also 
present,  at  this  looked  uneasy.  Mrs.  Culhane 
then  said  that  was  strange,  as  they  had  de- 
finite information  that  Mr.  Skeffington  had 
been  arrested  and  brought  to  Portobello  and 
that  they  had  also  heard  as  a  matter  of  fact 
that  he  had  been  shot.  The  young  officer  then 
said  something  to  Capt.  ColthurH  sotto  voce, 
and  Capt.  Colthurst  said — "I  hwe  no  infor- 
mation concerning  Mr.  Skeffington  that  is 
available,  and  the  sooner  you  leave  the  bar- 
racks the  better." 

The  Chairman — Are  you  quite  certain  in 
answer  to  the  first  question  that  Capt.  Colt- 
hurst said  he  knew  nothing  about  Mr. 
Skeffington?  Absolutely  clear,  because  it  gave 
us  a  glimpse  of  hope. 

Then  his  second  expression  struck  you  as 
different?      It  confirmed   our  suspicions. 

Witness  then  described  their  exit  from  the 
barracks.  They  were  speaking  to  each  other 
as  thev  were  v,eing  conducted  to  the  gate. 
Capt.  Colthurfl  sent  soldiers  to  tell  them  not 
to  speak.  They  were  then  ordered  not 
to  look  round — to  keep  their  eyes  right.  The 
guard  left  them  at  the  gate,  and  a  second 
lieutenant  conducted  them  to  the  end  of  the 
military  road,  where  they  were  told  not  to 
reveal  anything  they  had  seen  or  heard  on  the 
premises. 

STATION    SERGEANT    MURPHY. 

Station  Sergeant  Murphy,  Rathmines  Bar- 
rack..!, said  he  was  present  in  court  when  Ser- 
geant Claxton,  R.I.F.,  stated  he  got  directions 
from  tlie  police  in  Rathmines  to  effect  an  ar- 
rest at  Mrs.  Skeffington's  house  in  Grosvenor 
place,  but  witness  could  find  no  record  of  any 
such    instructions  The    military      sergeant 

brought  to  the  police  station  a  maid  servant 
named  Farrelly  who  had  been  employed  by 
Mrs.  Skeffington.  When  he  brought  the  girl 
in  the  only  statement  made  by  the  sergeant 
was  that  he  found  her  at  Mrs.  Skeffington's. 
That  girl  was  kept  in  custody  from  the  Mon- 
day until  6th  May  when  she  was  released  by 
direction  of  the  Provost  Marshal. 

Witness  handed  to  the  Chairman  the  police 
file  of  directions  issued  from  the  station  to  the 
military,  which  he  examined  as  to  the  method 
of  record  followed  by  the  police. 

Witness  volunteered  the  statement  that  al- 
though he  had  no  record  of  instructions  beinf 
tent  to  the  military  he  woiiJd  not  go  so  far  at 
to  say  that  no   message   was  sent. 

THE    SHOOTING    OF    COADE. 

Laurence  Byrne  was  examined  as  to  the 
shooting  of  the  young  man  Coade  at  the 
.corner  <■  f  RrJinr-nd  Hill,  RntLmine?  road, 
lie    u*rf    k*    Jkd    GmiU    Mid    fo«*Jut    young 


221 


man  named  Keogh  had  been  at  a  sodality 
meeting  and  were  standing  at  the  corner  of 
Richmond  Hill,  just  about  to  leave  for  their 
homes,  when  the  forty  or  fifty  soldiers 
emerged  from  the  military  road,  led  by  a 
tall  officer.  Coade  was  smoking  a  cigarette 
when  the  officer  came  forward  and  asked 
what  they  were  doing  out  at  that  hour  of  the 
night,  and  if  they  did  not  know  martial  law 
had  been  proclaimed.  Witness  said  they  did 
not  know.  The  officer  turned  to  a  soldier 
and  said  "Bash  him."  Coade  was  then 
struck  with  the  butt-end  of  a  rifle.  No 
impudent  or  offensive  language  had  been  used 
by  any  of  them  before  Coade  was  struck. 
They  ttien  separated.  Keogh  going  off  on  his 
bicycle  one  way,  and  Coade  and  witness  in 
the  opposite  direction.  Then  witness  saw  a 
flash  and  heard  a  report,  and  looking  back 
he    saw    that    Coade    had    fallen. 

A  witness  named  Devine,  who  was  on  the 
opposite  side  of  the  road  at  the  time,  said  he 
beard  part  of  the  conversation  between  the 
officer  and  Coade  and  the  others.  The  men 
used  no  insulting  or  blasphemous  language 
to  the  military.  Witness  saw  the  officer  take 
a  revolver  out  of  his  belt  and  fire  a  shot.  One 
of  the  civilians  fell. 

A  city  commercial  traveller  named  Hughes, 
who  was  also  on  the  Pathtnines  roacl  at  the 
time,  said  he  was  challenged  by  the  tall 
officer,  who  nresented  a  revolver  at  him.  Wit- 
pees  was  with  a  friend  at  the  time.  As  he 
■aw  that  other  civilians  were  on  the  road, 
and  thinking  that  something  bad  happened, 
he  held  no  his  hands  and  said.  "Not  with 
anybody."  intending  to  convey  to  the  mind 
of  the  officer  that  he  was  not  with  the  other 
party.  The  officer  then  pointed  the  revolver 
at  witness's  friend,  and  witness  said,  "  He's 
with  me."  The  officer  then  aimed  straight 
at  a  man  who  was  waking  away,  fired,  and 
the  man  dropped.  The  man  who  fell  was 
about  twelve  or  fifteen  yards  away  from  the 
officer  who  fired.  Witness  wished  to  make 
it  plain  that,  so  far  as  he  could  see,  the  man 
was  not  running  away.  He  was  walking. 
MISS    KELLY. 

Miss  Kelly,  sister  of  Alderman  Jam^s 
Kelly,  examined  by  Mr.  White,  spoke  of  the 
raid  by  the  military  on  their  shop  and  resi- 
dence on  the  25th  April.  She  said  she  re- 
membered Dickson  and  Maclntyre  coming  to 
her  bouse  on  Tuesday  night.  Maclntyre  had 
come  to  see  her  brother  about  some  Indian 
students.  Dickson  ran  into  the  house  when 
he  heard  the  shooting  by  the  military  on  the 
street.  The  military  threw  a  bomb  into  the 
shop,  and  the  shop  assistant  was  wounded 
by  it.  The  door  had  been  closed,  and  it 
was  forced  open  by  the  soldiers  with  their 
bavonets.  When  the  soldiers  entered  they 
looked  for  the  telephone,  and  she  was  going 
to  shoW  it  to  them  when  she  heard  an  officer 
say :  "  Now  lads,  another  bomb  for  up- 
stairs." The  bomb.  however,  was  nob 
thrown,  for  she  saw  that  officer  coming 
downstair^  with  the  bomb  in  his  hand.  The 
fefficer  shouted  to  those'  in  the  house,  "hands 
up."  and  said  :  '  Remember,  I  could  shoot 
}ou   like  dogs.      Martial   law   is  proclaimed     I 


am  an  Irishman  myself.  We  have  shot  per- 
sons on  the  street  before  we  carne  in."  The 
lieutenant  confirmed  that  by  saying :  "  We 
have    done    it."  The    names    of    those    in 

the  house  were  taken,  and  Maclntyre  said 
he  was  the  editor  of  The  SearchMghi.  The 
captain  said:  "Another  rebel  paper,"  and 
someone  said,  "No,  a  loyal  paper."  The  cap- 
tain caught  Maclntyre  by  the  collar  and  said  : 
"  Take  that  man,  and  if  he  resists  shoot  him 
like  a  dog."  When  Dickson  and  Mclntyre 
were  arrested  an  officer  told  her  to  stay  where 
she  was  or  she  would  be  shot.  She  remem- 
bered Dickson's  trunk  beiag  brought  to  she 
house  by  a  lame  soldier.  The  military  wjre 
then  in  possession.  The  trunk  arrived  after 
her  brother  bad  been  arrested  and  taken 
away.  The  soldier  sat  down  on  the  trunk 
outside  the  door,  and  when  someone  asked 
him  who  he  was  he  said  he  was  ths  Prince 
of  Wales,  wounded  home  from  the  front. 
(Laughter.) 

SIR     FRANCIS    VANE. 

Major  Sir  Francis  Vane,  in  reply  to  M r. 
Healy,  said  that  when  the  rebellion  broke 
out  he  came  to  Dublin  and  reported  himself 
at  Portobello  Barracks.  His  original  regi- 
ment was  the  Scots  Greys.  He  served  in  the 
South  African  War,  and  was  in  Dublin  on 
recruiting  business.  While  in  Portobello  Bar- 
racks he  was  second  senior  officer  to  Kajor 
Ilosborough,  and  was  superior  in  command  to 
Captain  Coltlmrst. 

On  Wednesday  morning  you  were  not  con- 
sulted in  any  way  by  Captain  Co'thnwt ?  No, 
not  in  the  least.  He  heard  of  the  (Yeafh  of 
the  three  men  at  nine  o'clock  on  the  evening 
of  the  day  on  which  the  oc««.rrence  took  place. 
He  first  heard  of  it  when  on  Patlimines  read 
an  old  woman  shouted  after  him,  "  Murderer, 
Skeffington." 

The  Chairman — -We  know  you  had  no  re- 
sponsibility for  the  shooting. 

W.'tness — It  would  not  have  occurred  if  I 
had.  In  reply  to  further  questions,  witness 
stated  that  he  was  instructed  to  arrest  Alder- 
man Kelly  by  Major  Posborough.  When  he 
arrested  Alderman  Kelly  he  did  not  see  any 
trunk  taken  by  the  soldiers.  Major  ftos- 
borough  gave  orders  that  Captain  Colthurst 
v  as  not  to  leave  barracks.  On  the  following 
Monday  witness  was  ordered  to  give  up  com- 
mand .and  hand  it  over  to  Captain  Colthurst 
bv  Colonel  M  ■Cammu'srl.  Ue  7'eported  the 
shootings,  and  in  consequence  of  no  action 
having  been  tauen  he  went  to  London,  re- 
porter;' the  matter  to  Mr.  Tenuruit,  and  sjw 
Lord  Kitchener. 

ALDERMAN     J.     J.     KELLY. 

Alderman  J.  .1  Kelly,  in  reply  to  Mr. 
Dealy,  said  that  he  was  a  Justice  of  the 
Peace,  ami  was  High  Sheriff  of  the  Citv  of 
Lublin  foi  the  vmv  1912-1913.  On  Easter 
Monday,  v  lien  tl.->  outbreak  occurred,  his 
shop  was  open  as  usual.  He  had  no  fcru.w- 
ledge  of  the  outbreak  or  that  it  would  take 
|  lace.  On  Tuesday  his  shop  was  also  ooen. 
Maclntyre  was  with  him  tint  day  and  dined 
with    him.     He    vv.^s    *    leading  •utiti-Lurkiuita 


222 


journalist  in  Dublin,  and  was  strongly  op- 
posed after  Larkin's  departure  from  Dublin 
to  Connolly.  A  well-known  citizen,  a  promi- 
nent Conservative,  also  shared  his  hospitality. 
About  eleven  o'clock  that  night  he  went  out 
to  get  fruit  for  Maclntyre,  who  was  a  tee- 
totaller. Up  to  that  time  Dickson  had  no', 
tome  upon  the  premises.  Dickson  never 
stayed  in  his  house. 

Was  there,  befoie  the  soldiers  came,  any- 
thing in  the  nature  of  arms,  ammunition, 
seditious  literature,  or  anything  prejudicial  to 
the  State  on  your  premises?  No,  on  the  con- 
trary, there  were  important  documents  got  on 
in e  from  the  Ministry  of  Munitions,  which  1 
gave  to  Sir  Francis  Vane  on  Portobello 
bridge.  He  was  in  favour  of  the  Allies.  No 
shots  were  fired  from  his  premises,  and  no 
sniping  took  place  there.  He  did  nothing 
tc  provide  suspicion.  He  got  fourteen  young 
men  commissions  in  the  An-)y  and  one  in  the 
Navy.  He  was  away  abcut .  seven  minutes 
petting  fruit,  and  on  his  way  back  he  saw 
Captain  Colthurst,  with  about  twenty  or 
thirty  men  in  single  file,  making  a  raid  on  his. 
premises.  As  he  was  prevented  from  enter- 
ing his  own  house,  he  lay  flat  on  the  street 
for  about  twenty  minutes  to  avoid  the  rushes 
of  the  military.  He  appealed  to  two  gentle- 
Jnen  who  were  in  Messrs.  Crowe's  premises  to 
iet  him  in,  but  they  s>'uut  the  window.  A  lady 
v  ho  lived  across  the  si'.eet  called  to  him  to 
urn  across.  He  liar*-  to  stay  in  the  house  that 
right.  His  sister  Aas  told  by  Captain  Col- 
thurst that  night  Jhat  he  had  shot  a  man  in 
the  street  fifty  yirds  away,  and  she  naturally 
assumed  it  was  he.  On  the  following  morn- 
ing he  returned  to  his  shop  and  found  it 
h  recked.  H-*  was  arrested  that  evening  by 
Sir  Francis  Vane's,  party 

In  reply  lo  Mr.  Rt.nrrlen,  witness  said  that 
pp  had  absolutely  noAing  to  do  with  the 
Sinn  Ffin  movement  or  the  rebellion.  At 
the  outbreak  of  the  war  he  applied  for  a 
commission  in  the  Life  Guards.  He  owed 
bis  life  to  Sir  Francis  Vane,  Major  Ros- 
lorough,  and   Adjutant  Morgan. 

The  Chairman  stated  that  it  was  a  time  of 
very  great  confusion  and  anxiety,  and  the 
Commission  w?s  absolutely  certain  from  the 
evidence  that  the  answers  of  the  witness 
were  entirely  confirmed  by  everything  shown 
there.  The  Commissioners  were  satisfied  that 
there  waa  nothing  to  justify  any  reflection  on 
Alderman  Kelly  or  on  his  undoubted  devotion 
to  the  cause  of  which  he  had  spoken. 

LIEUT.  A.  S.   WILSON. 

Lieutenant  A.  S.  Wilson  related  that  Lieu- 
tenant Dobbin  came  to  him  at  the  gate,  and 
told  him  to  go  to  the  Adjutant  (Lieutenant 
Morgan)  and  report  to  him  that  Captain  Col- 
Hurst  wanted  to  take  out  three  prisoners 
f-om  the  guardroom  to  shoot  them.  He  car- 
lied'  the  message  to  the  Adjutant,  who  told 
him.  that  he  could  give  no  authority  for 
nub.  a  proceeding,  and  that  if  Colthurst  did 
it  he  would  do  it  on  his  own  responsibility. 
I  sing  a  bicycle,  he  lost  no  time  in  coming 
buck  to  Lieutenant  Dobbin,   and'  just  a«  b* 


had  finished  giving  him  the  message  be  heard 
shots  ring  out.  To  the  best  of  his  belief,  h* 
told  the  Adjutant  that  Captain  Colthurst 
was  going  to  take  the  prisoners  out  "to  shoot 
them." 

Adjutant  Morgan  said  he  was  perfectly 
sure  that  the  message  he  received  was  mat 
Captain  Colthurst  was  taking  three  prisoners 
cut  of  the  guardroom.  Lieutenant  Wilson 
said  nothing  about  shooting.  Witness  had 
already  heard  that  Captain  Colthurst  had 
taken  out  Mr.  Skeffington  the  night  before, 
and  his  impression  was  that  he  was  taking 
out  the  three  men  just  as  he  had  taken  out 
Skeffington. 

MR.    SKEFFINGTON'S    LETTERS. 

The  Chairman,  addressing  Dr.  Skeffington, 
(father  of  the  late  Mr.  Francis  Sheehy  Skeffing- 
ton), said  that  they  could  not  travel  outside  the 
scope  of  their  reference,  but  if  there  was  any- 
thing he  could  tell  the  Commission  about  the 
facts  they  would  be  glad  to  hear  him. 

Dr.  Skeffington  said  that  he  was  not  in 
Dublin  at  the  time  of  the  occurrence.  He  was 
ii.  County  Down,  and  his  son  and  little  boy 
came  to  see  him  the  week  before  Easter.  His 
son  was  very  uneasy  about  the  way  things 
were  going  on  in  Dublin. 

The  Chairman  said  that  nobody  in  tha 
inquiry  made  the  slightest  accusation  against 
him  in  any  attempt  to  justify  the  rebellion. 

Dr.  Skeffington  said  he  wished  they  had,  as 
it  had  been  insinuated  in  Irish  and  English 
papers.  There  was  no  opportunity  of  con- 
tradicting it.  In  Ireland  the  papers  were 
afraid  of  the  Censor. 

The  Chairman  stated  that  the  Commission 
would  take  care  to  deal  with  the  matter  in 
ltr  report  in  a  way  in  which  it  would  not  be 
interfered   with    by   the   Censor. 

Dr.  Skeffington  then  proceeded  to  read  ex- 
tracts from  personal  letters  written  to  him  by 
his  son.  In  a  letter  dated  26th  March  Mr. 
Skeffington  wrote :  "  Anything  may  happen 
in  the  next  few  mouths.  A  safety  valve 
militant;  but  not  militarism,  is  needed,  and 
will  be  still  more  needed  if,  and  when,  the 
inevitable  disillusionment  comes  to  the  physi- 
cal force  people.  Such  a  safety  valve  will, 
T  hope,  be  provided  by  the  anti-taxation 
movement,  which,  as  you  see,  is  going  ahead 
very  fast."  Dr.  Skeffington  also  quoted  from 
the  headings  of  articles  written  by  his  son 
ir     his    paper,    The    T rUTi    Citizen. 

THE   ALLEGED  SECRECY   ARRANGEMENT. 

Rev.  E.  F.  O'Loughlin,  one  of  the  chap- 
lains to  the  barracks,  was  recalled  when  th« 
Commission  resumed  on  Monday,. 28th  August. 
.  The  Chairman,  addressing  the  rev.  gentle- 
man, said  their  attention  had  been  called  to 
a  statement  appearing  in  some  of  Hie  news- 
japers,  which  might  possibly  seem  to  cast 
some  reflection  upon  the  witness,  and  they 
thought  it  fair  that  he  should  have  an  oppor- 
tunity of  explaining  the  matter.  It  was  & 
statement  which  might  be  thought  by  Mi« 
r,  public  to  suggest  that  Father  O'Lough- 
lin had  not  given  information  as 
freely  as  h»  might,  and  that.  «• 
bad    Ukcu    liart    in    sum.-     arrangement    tm 


223 


suppress  or  not  to  publish  the  facts  that  came 
t<>  his  knowledge.  Did  yon,  asked  the  Chair- 
man, put  any  difficulties  in  the  way  of  Mrs. 
Skefnngtoii  seeing  you?   None  whatsoever. 

Were  you  in  any  way  a  party  to  any  ar- 
rangement not  to*  let  the  relatives  know? 
None  whatever. 

The  Chairman— I  think  it  is  right  that 
should'  be  clearly   understood. 

Witness — I  considered,  being  an  official  in 
the  public  service,  that  I  was  debarred  from 
making  use  of  any  information  that  I  would 
acquire  in  my  public  capacity. 

Mr.  Healy— May  I  put  this  question — Did 
he  not  inform  the  Coade  family  of  the  death 
of   their  boy? 

Witness — I  did,  because  that  was  not  a 
case  that  happened  inside  the  barracks.  He 
was  brought  into  the  barracks,  and  I  was  sent 
for  by  the  medical  officer  of  the  barracks,  and 
the  medical  officer  of  the  barracks  asked  me 
tc  inform  the  boy's  parents. 

The  Chairman- — We  want  it  to  be  quite 
clear  as  to  whether  you  were  a  party  to  any 
arrangement,  if  there  was  an  arrangement,  to 
conceal  the  facts  ?  There  was  no  arrangement 
to  conceal  the  facts  whatsoever. 

DOCTOR  WHO  EXAMINED  THE  BODIES. 
Mr.  Healy  said  he  felt  specially  grateful 
to  the  Headquarters  Staff  for  their  efforts 
to  produce  Lieutenant  Dobbin.  Counsel 
went  on  to  say  that  Dr.  Balch  had 
been  sent  to  Sierra  Leone.  Dr.  Balch  had 
occupied  perhaps  the  most  important  position 
that  could  have  been  entrusted  to  an  officer 
here,  having  regard  to  the  vast  garrison  in 
Dublin.  He  was  the  head  of  a  particular 
branch  of  the  medical  service,  but  had  been 
suddenly  jerked  out  of  Dublin. 

The  Chairman — If  you  have  an  application 

to  make 

Mr.  Healy  said  Dr.  Balch  examined  the 
bodies  after  death.  He  would  be  in  a  posi- 
tion to  tell  them'  how  many  bullet  wounds 
each  body  bore,  and  they  would  be  able  to 
draw  some  conclusions  from  that  fact,  and 
if,  in  fact,  he  declined  to  certify  that  Capt. 
Colthurst  was  insane.  He  would  ask  that 
Dr.   Balch   should  be  produced. 

The  Chairman^Oh.  no.  We  have  made  it 
perfectly  and  absolutely  plain  that  in  our 
view  we  are  not  inquiring  into  the  state 
of  mind  of  anybody.  We  have  an  honest 
desire  and  the  fixed  intention  to  ascertain 
the  material  facts  and  events.  W"e  are  not 
going  outside  our  reference,  but  we  will  con- 
sider what    von  have  said. 

LIEUT.     DOBBIN'S    EVIDENCE. 
When  the  Commission   resumed  its  sittings 
on  Thursday,  31st  August, 

Lieutenant  William  Leonard  Price  Dobbin, 
of  the  2nd  Royal  Irish  Rifles,  for  whose  at- 
tendance the  Court  adjourned  on  Monday,  wai 
examined  by  the  Attorney-General.  He  said 
be  had  been  on  active  service  in  France.  H« 
left  the  trenches  on  Monday  night  and  arrived 
in  Dublin  on  Wednesday.  He  was  on  duty  at 
Portobello  Barracks  on  Easter  Monday  and 
.  the  following  day,  and  was  in  command  of  the 
guard  at  the  main  gate.  He  repeated  the  ev- 
♦ience  he  fisive  at  tne  Courtmartial.    __-    _ 


Cross-examined  by  Mr.  Healy,  witness  said 
that  he  left  for  France  on  25th  June  with  a 
number  of  officers,  and  when  he  returned  that 
morning  he  reported  to  Colonel  Stanton.  'The 
only  thing  he  knew  about  what  was  going 
on  at  the  inquiry  was  what  he  read  in  the 
newspapers  in  France.  He  was  not  able  to  get 
the  whole  of  the  proceedings.  Witness  stated 
that  he  knew  he  was  in  command  of  the  guard. 
Be  never  mounted  guard  before.  He  did  not 
know  in  accordance  with  his  duty  that  he  had 
no  power  to  discharge  a  prisoner  from  the 
guardroom.  He  did  not  know  that  only  the 
Commanding  Officer  had  that  power,  nor  did 
he  know  that  a  prisoner  should  be  brought 
to  the  orderlv  room  before  he  was  discharged. 

What  authority  was  there  to  tie  Mr 
Skeffington's  hands  behind  his  back  and  send 
him  out  as  a  hostage,  he  being  under  your 
control?     I  had  no  authority. 

Did  you  see  him  taken  cut  and  bound  with 
his  hands  behind  his  back?    I  did. 

Who  gave  the  orders  for  that?  I  don  t  re- 
member. 

Did  vou  protest?     No. 

The  Chairman— Was  Capt,  Bowen-Colthurst 
there?    He  was. 

Witness  also  stated  that  he  was  not  ac- 
quainted with  the  regulations  as  regards  hos- 
tages. He  was  not  told  what  Mr.  Skeffington 
was  being  taken  out  for,  nor  did  he  know 
where  he  was  being  taken. 

Mr.  Healy— What  did  you  do  on  that  Tues- 
day night  to  protect  the  safety  of  your  pri- 
soners?^ Nothing,  except  I  informed  the  Adju- 
tant of  what  was  happening.  Witness  said 
he  sent  the  following  report  to  the  Adjutant: 
"  April  25,  11.10  p.m. 

"  An  armed  party  under  Capt.  J.  C.  Bowen 
Colthurst  has  just  passed  through  my  guard 
demanding  and  taking  with  him  the  last  cap- 
tured prisoner,   Sheehy   Skeffington." 

That  would  seem  to  show  that  you  were 
excusing  yourself  for  letting  the  prisoner  out? 
No. 

Now,  with  eighteen  fully  armed  men  and 
two  lieutenants,  why  did  you  not  defend  your 
prisoners?  Captain"  Colthurst  was  my  senior 
officer. 

But  you  were  responsible  for  the  guard?  Yes. 

The*  Chairman— Captain  Bowen-Colthursi 
came  and  said  he  would  take  the  prisoners  out, 
and  he  did  it.  . 

Mr.  Healy — And  this  gentleman  let  him  do 

ifc  ,.  >    - 

The   Chairman — I   think   on    this   partici*** 

point  the  situation  is  quite  clear.      This  is  * 

young  officer.     Capt.   Colthurst  was  an  officer 

of  standing  and  authority  ;    and,  right  or  wrong, 

he  came  and  took  these  prisoners  out. 

Mr.  Healy  (to  witness)— Is  it  your  view  that 

you  had  no  authoritv  there  as  compared  with 

Captain  Colthurst?     That  is  my  view;  I  had 

no  pntho'itv.  . 

'.    Why  didn't  you  say  to  Captain  Colthurst-- 

"  Give  us  a  reprieve  for  21-  seconds  while.  1  am 

letting  the  cyclist  back?"     Again  1  say  thai 

)ie  was  my  »enior  officer. 

.  Whv  dl-jn't  yon  say  to  Colthurst— "  Gi  and 

**iT»JTjour  o\\Vy   diiiy    •♦ork." 


224 


The  Chairman — This  is  very  painful.  I 
don't  see  the  advantage   of  this. 

In  answer  to  the  Chairman,  the  witness 
raid  that  he  was  only  nineteen  years  of  age, 
and  that  he  had  entered  the  army  shortly 
after  he  had  left  school.  He  got  his  commis- 
sion in  June,  1915.  Up  to  April  last  he  had 
had  no  experience  at  all  of  fighting,  or  of 
shots?  being  fired  in  anger  or  in  self-defence, 
and  the  25th  and  26th  of  April  last  was  the 
first  occasion  on  which  he  had  served  as  an 
officer  of  the  euard. 


MRS.  SHEEHY  SKEFFINGTON'S 
STATEMENT. 

HER  HUSBAND'S  LAST  HOURS. 

The  following  statement  was  published  by 
Mrs.  Sheehy  Sherrington  respecting  the  arrest 
and  shooting  of  her  husband. 

I  last  saw  my  husband  on  Tuesday  evening, 
April  25,  between  5.15  and  5.30  at  Westmore- 
land Chambers.  He  had  called  a  meeting 
there  to  stop  looting  (see  enclosed  poster),  and 
was  waiting  to  ?ee  if  any  people  would  attend 
same.  On  that  and  the  previous  day  he  had 
been  active  personally,  with  help  from  by- 
standers, at  the  same  work,  and  had  suc- 
ceeded in  stopping  some  looting  by  personal 
efforts  and  appeals.  Ail  this,  there  is  inde- 
pendent evidence  to  testify.  On  Monday 
afternoon  outside  Dublin  Castle  an  officer  was 
reported  bleeding  to  death  in  the  street,  and, 
the  crowd  being  afraid,  owing  to  the  firing, 
to  go  to  his  assistance,  my  husband  himself 
went,  at  imminent  danger  to  his  life,  to  drag 
away  the  wounded  man  to  a  place  of  safety, 
to  find,  however,  that  by  that  time  the  body 
had  been  rescued  by  some  soldiers,  there 
being  left  merely  a  pool  of  blood.  This  in- 
cident can  also  be  corroborated. 

He  stated  to  me  that  if  none  turned  up  to 
help  on  Tuesday  at  the  meeting  to  prevent 
looting  that  he  would  come  home  as  usual  to 
his  house  at  11  Grosvenor  place.  He  was 
afterwards  seen  by  several  frknds  (whoso 
testimony  I  uossess)  going  home  about  6.30. 
In  the  neighbourhood  of  Portobello  Bridge 
he  was  arrested,  unarmed  and  unresisting. 
He  never  carried  or  possessed  any  arm  of  any 
description,  beins,  as  is  well  known,  a  pacifist 
and  opposed  to  the  use  of  physical  force. 

He  was  conducted  ir  military  cusVody  to 
Portobello  Barracks,  wnere  he  was  «-hot  with- 
out trial  on  that  night  or  early  or>  the  follow- 
ing morning.  No  priest  was  summoned  to  at- 
tend him,  no  notification  was,  or  has  since  been, 
given  to  rne  (his  wife)  or  to  his  family  of  his 
death,  and  no  message  written  before  his 
death  has  been  allowed  to  reach  me. 

Repeated  inquiries  at  the  barra.ks  and  else- 
where have  been  met  with  refusal  to  answer, 
and  when  mv  Bister?,  Mrs.  Kettle  and  Mrs. 
'  nlhane,  called  at  Portobello  Harracks  on 
Thursday,  April  21.  to  inquire  they  were  put 
under  temporary  arrest. 


HOUSE    SURROUNDED. 

On  Friday  night,  April  28,  a  large  military 
force  surrounded  my  husoand's  house  at  11 
Gosvenor  place,  fired  without  warning  on  the 
windows  in  front,  which  they  burst  thr<  ugh 
without  waiting  for  the  door  to  be  opened. 
They  put  myself,  my  son,  aged  se\en,  to 
whom  they  shouted  "Hands  up!"  and  my 
maid  (the  sole  occupants)  under  arrest,  and 
remained  in  the  house  for  over  three  hours. 
They  found  no  ammunition  of  any  kind,  but 
burst  locks,  etc.,  and  took  away  with  them 
a  large  number  of  documents,  newspapers, 
letters,  and  books,  as  well  as  various  personal 
property,  such  as  linen,  tablecloths,  trunks, 
photograph  of  Mr.  Keir  Hardie  and  M- 
Davitt,  a  picture  of  the  Kilmainham  prisoners 
of  1882,  a  green  flag,  etc.  Most  of  the  books 
taken  were  German  and  Irish  l>ooks 
(grammars,  school  texts,  etc.)  relating  to  my 
"work  as  teacher  of  modern  languages  and  to 
my  husband's  journalistic  work.  Om  officer 
remarked  that  this  was  not  a  "very  exciting 
search." 

On  Monday,  May  1,  during  my  absence,  the 
soldiers  again  entered  the  house  and  searched 
it,  and  took  prisoner  Margaret  Farrelly 
(the  only  then  occupant),  a  temporary  maid 
whom  I  had  engaged,  my  former  maid  having 
been  too  terrified  to  stay.  She  was  detained 
in  custody  until  the  following  Saturday 
(May  61  in  the  Rathmines  Police  Station,  and 
kept  there  in  custody  without  the  knowledge 
of  her  friends,  without  any  charge  being 
made  against  her.  Finally,  the  authorities 
in  Dublin  Castle  allowed  her  to  be  released, 
but   without    apology    or    compensation. 

I  demand  the  fullest  inquiry  into  all  the 
above  circumstances,  and  desire.  as  my 
husband's  next-of-kin.  to  be  legally  repre- 
sent?d  at  any  inquiry  that  may  take  place. 

(Signed)         Haxn.v  Sheehy  Skeeeington. 

May  9    1916. 

PS. — Since  the  above  was  written  my 
husband's  body  was  dug  up  from  Portobello 
Barracks  and  transferred  to  Glasnevin  Ceme- 
tery,  again    without    mv    knowledge. 

The  following  are  details  of  his  last  hours 
that  have  reached  rne  through  various  private 
sources  : 

He  refused  to  be  blindfolded,  and  met 
death  with  a  smile  on  his  lips,  saying  before 
he  died  that  the  authorities  would  find  out 
after  his  death  what  a  mistake  they  made. 
He  put  his  hand  to  his  eyes,  and  the  bullet 
passed  through  his  hand  to  his  brain 
THE    POSTER. 

The  poster  referred  to  above  ard  dis- 
tributed in  the  city  on  Tuesday,  April  25, 
when  the  police  were  cleared  off  the  streets, 
is  as  follows  :  — 

"  When  there  are  no  regular  police  in  the 
streets  it  becomes  the  duty  of  the  r'li/.ens  to 
police  the  streets  themselves  to  prevent  such 
spasmodic  looting  as   has  taken   place. 

"  Civilians  (both  men  and  women)  who  are 
willing  to  co-operate  to  this  end  are  ash  d  to 
attend  at  Westmoreland  rM.»„.u„,.s  (over  Eden 
Bros  )  at  live  o'<  !  irk  on  this  (Tuesday)  after- 
noon. 

"FrAncis  Sheehy  Sk  effing  ion." 


325 


GALLANTRY  OF  RED  CROSS 
WORKERS. 

ST.  JOHN   AMBULANCE  BRIGADE. 

Dr.  J.  Lumsden,  Deputy  Commissioner  of 
the  St.  John  Ambulance  Brigade  (No.  12) 
Irish  District,  issued  a  detailed  report  of  the 
work  done  by  that  body  during  the  rebellion. 
The  members,  he  said,  lost  no  opportunity 
of  rendering  first  aid  to  military,  civilians, 
and  rebels  alike.  The  general  efficiency  of 
the  various  detachments  was  thoroughly 
tested,  and  not  found  wanting.  Dr.  Lumsden 
submitted  reports  bv  his  two  chief  executive 
officers,  Mr.  W.  G.  Smith  and  Dr.  Ella  Webb. 

Mr.  Smith,  in  his  report,  stated  members 
of  the  Brigade  performed  duty  in  all  the  zones 
where  fighting  took  place.  These  were 
roughly  divided  into  three  areas — From  the 
Custom  House  to  Kingsbridge;  from  Kings- 
bridge  to  Dublin  Castle,  and  from  Dublin 
Castle  to  Ringsend.  From  these  areas 
wounded  were  collected  by  men  and  nurses, 
who  went  on  foot  and  in  ambulance  waggons, 
rendering  first  aid  and  taking  patients  to 
hospital  under  circumstances  of  great  danger 
and  difficulty.  The  first  move  towards  the 
organisation  of  first  aid  work  was  made  by 
the  late  Corps  Superintendent  Holden 
Stodart,  who,  on  Easter  Monday,  telephoned 
the  military  offering  help.  On  Wednesday  a 
room  in  the  Royal  City  of  Dublin  Hospital 
at  Baggot  street  was  placed  at  the  disposal  of 
the  brigade,  and  in  this  area  the  first  casualty 
was  sustained.  Corps  Superintendent  Holden 
Stodart,  one  of  the  most  zealous  and  con- 
scientious officers,  was  shot  whilst  proceeding 
with  a  stretcher  party  to  the  relief  of  a 
wounded  soldier.  His  heroic  death  and  noble 
example  must  ever  be  remembered  amongst 
those  who  serve  under  that  old  oider  whose 
motto  is  "  Pro  utilitate  hominum."  Tribute  Is 
paid  to  the  magnificent  work  performed  by 
the  motor  ambulance  service  provided  by  the 
Irish  Automobile  Club,  and  the  splendid 
courage  and  bravery  shown  by  the  drivers. 
A  number  of  these  ambulances,  staffed  by 
St.  John  orderlies,  were  placed  under  the 
R.A.M.C.,  and  others  worked  with  the  civil 
ambulance  under  the  direction  of  the  Deputy 
Commissioner.  Day  by  day  these  cars  ran 
the  gauntlet  of  bullet-swept  streets,  and  were 
frequently  struck  by  shots,  and  the  dangers 
were  accentuated  at  night  when  black  dark- 
ness prevailed,  no  street  lamps,  no  head 
lamps,  and  streets  littered  with  obstacles. 

EMERGENCY    HOSPITAL  AT   40    MERRION 
SQUARE. 

Dr.  Ella  Webb,  Lady  District  Superin- 
tendent, No.  12,  Irish  District,  in  a  report  of 
the  work  done  by  the  Nursing  Divisions,  says 
the  chief  work  undertaken  was  the  trans- 
formation of  the  War  Hospital  Supply  Depot 
at  40  Merrion  square  into  a  temporary  hospi- 
tal. This  was  done  in  three  hours,  the  first  of 
the  giris  .arriving  at  2  D.m.,  and  at  C  p.m. 
an  amputation  was  going  on  in  the  improvised 
operating  theatre,  ani  half  of  the  .nirty  beds 
hurriedly    prepared    in    the   wards    were   folL . 


The  following  etaff    was  appointed  : — 

Medical— Dr.  Edward  Taylor,  Dr.  T.  E. 
Gordon,  Sir  Rober'  Y/oods,  Dr.  McVittie,  Dr. 
Burgess. 

Commandant- -Dr.  Ella  Webb. 

Matrons  (Day)— Miss  Carson  Rae.  (Night) — 
Miss  M'acDonnell. 

House  Surgeons- -Day,  Dr.  Crichton ;  Night, 
Dr.  Euphan  Maxwell. 

Canteen — Head,  Mrs.  Hignett ;  assistant, 
Mrs.  Newcomer.. 

Quartermaster — Mrs.  J.   Lumsden. 

Sisters  in  Charge  (Trained  Nurses) — Misses 
Doherty,  Butler,  Elliott,  Hall,  Monan, 
Strahan,  Ledwidge,  Hughes,  Hunter^ 
O'Donoghue ;  Mrs.  Alknan. 

Stretcher  Bearers — Dr.  W.  Carnegie,  and 
Messrs.  Hrffield,  W.  G.  Smith,  G.  R.  Webb, 
Haughton,  James  H.  Webb,  R.  H.  Keatinge, 
and  Shannon. 

V.A.D.  Helpers— Mrs.  Day  Booth,  Mrs. 
Blood,  Misses'  Boyd  and  W.  Butler,  Mrs. 
Lloyd  Blood,  Mrs.  Booth,  Misses  Ball,  R.  Best, 
Ball,  Bloxham,  M.  Brown,  Stanford,  Camp- 
bell, Cahillj  Cooney,  Da  vies,  Doherty,  Mrs. 
Draper,  Misses  Freeman,  E.  Farquharson, 
Frazer,  Foote,  Graham,  Heany,  Hurley,  Booth 
Jones,  Jeffares,  Keatinge,  Knox  Gore,  M.  L. 
King,  A.  K  .Lloyd,  Mooney  ;  Mrs.  McVittie ; 
Misses  D.  Millarj  E.  McComas,  S.  Mackenzie, 
Neilson,  O'Kelly,  Poole,  Rawson,  Robinson, 
Mrs.  Robinson ;  Misses  Rothwell,  Seeds, 
Smythe;  Mrs.  Stokes,  Misses  Smith,  Shaw, 
Smyth,  Taylor,  Traynor;  Mrs.  Cecil  Thomp- 
son, Miss  Woods,  Mrs.  Upton,  Misses  Doris 
Witz,  Wrede;  Mrs.  Barrington  ;  Misses  Lloyd 
Blood,  F.  M.  Bell,  Campbell,  Clarke,  Dovie, 
Drury,  Darley,  Fry,  Figgis,  Finny;  Mrs. 
Ford;  Misses  M.  H.  Farrer,  Gray,  Hall, 
Hughes;  Mrs.  Jackson,  Mrs.  Booth  Jones, 
Mrs.  R.  Keatinge;  Misses  E.  Keegan,  Leahy, 
Ledwidge,  Meredith,  V.  MacDonnell :  Mrs. 
Mercer,  Mrs.  Manders ;  Misses  Martin, 
O'Carroll,  Orr,  Pigott,  Reilly,  Muriel  Poe, 
Rawson;  Mrs.  R.  Sankey,  Mrs.  Shannon; 
Misses  Shaw,  Stevenson,  *Slyne,  Somerville, 
Simpson,  Rennv-Tailvour,  "Thompson,  A.' 
Walshe,  Wakefield,   Wilson,  M.   Webb,   West. 

Some  of  these  members  were  unable  to  re- 
port early  in  the  week  for  orders  owing  to 
military  regulations. 

AUXILIARY    HOSPITALS. 

Several  auxiliary  hospitals  were  equipped 
by  other  Divisions.     Among  these  were: — 

1.  The  Litton  Hall,  Leeson  Park,  kindly 
lent  by  the  Rev.  Percy  Phair,  and  staffed  by 
Dr.  Winter,  Miss  A.  Butler,  and  the  Leeson 
Park  Division. 

2.  The  High  School,  Harcourt  street,  kindly 
lent  by  J.  Thompson,  Esq.,  Headmaster,  and 
staffed  by  Dr.  Cope,  Dr.  Wayland,  Dr.  Lane 
Joynt,  Miss  M.  Hamilton  Johnr'ine,  M  B., 
B.C'h.  ;  Mrs.  Howard  Healy,  Miss  Weldon, 
and  members  of  the  Dumirun  and  Harcourt 
street  Divisions  This  hospital  was  greatly 
helped  by  a  ban,!  ol  ladies  at  Dundrum  who 
organised  an  all  day  working  patty  for  dress-' 
ings,  etc.,  and  a  food  suppl-v  de.pct.  Large 
quantities  of  both  food  and  dressings  were 
provided,  and  at  the  time  of  the  evacuation 


of  the  hospital  at  the  end  of  the  rebellion 
these  supplies  were  sent  to  Mercer's  Hospital, 
wbere  they  were  most  welcome. 

Other  auxiliary  hospitals  were  got  ready  in 
private  houses,  viz.  : — 

3.  Miss  Fletcher's  house,  35  Fitzwil'i-un 
square. 

4.  Mrs.  Jackson's  house,  11  Bushy  Park 
road,    Rath  gar. 

5.  Miss  Meade's  house,  32  Fitzwilliam 
square. 

Happily,  owing  to  the  termination  of  the 
rebellion,  these  were  not  needed. 

Other  duties  taken  over  by  the  Divisions 
or  isolated  members  were  the  housing  of 
refugee  women  and  children,  helping  at 
R.A.M.C.  dressing  stations,  carrying  bales  of 
dressings  on  stretchers  (often  through  the 
firing  line)  to  the  various  general  hospitals 
that  wanted  them,  feeding  the  poor,  and 
rendering  first  aid  to  numerous  civilians. 
DISTRfCT  DIVISIONS. 

Great  credit  is  due  to  the  various  Dublin 
Divisions  of  St.  John  Ambulance  for  the  ad- 
mirable promptitude  with  which  tney  equipped 
immediately  on  receiving  news  of  the  outbreak. 
The  following  details  have  been  officially  sup- 
plied regarding  the  work  done  by  the  various 
Dublin  Divisions  of  the  Brigade: — 

City  of  Dublin  Nursing  Division. — Lady 
Superintendent,  Miss  Mowbray,  Mrs.  Middle- 
ton  Curtis  (Lady  Corps  Treasurer),  and  many 
members  of  this  unit  worked  indefatigably  in 
Kingston  n,  where  so  many  soldiers  were  sta- 
tioned. 

Alexandra  College  Nursing  Division. — Many 
members  were  on  duty  at  the  Auxiliary  Hospi- 
tal. 40  Merrion  square. 

Rathgar  Nursing  Division. — Lady  Superin- 
tendent, Mrs.  Jackson,  got  12  beds  ready  afc 
her  house,  11  Bushy  Park  road,  Rathgar, 
where  Dr.  J.  J.  Parser,  Divisional  Surgeon, 
gave  his  time  and  ;  .vice  unsparingly.  For- 
tunatelv.  a?  the  surrender  of  the  rebels  came 
so  soon,  it  was  unnecessary  to  utilise  this  hos- 
pital. Six  members  of  this  Division  were  on 
duty  from  the  beginning  at  40  Merrion  square, 
including  Mrs.  Lloyd  Blood  and  Miss  Wrede, 
who  were  put  in  temporary  charge  of  wards 
until   thev  were   relieved  by  trained  nurses. 

Kniistown  Nursing  Division. — Monkstown 
House  Auxiliary  Hospital  was  immediately 
placed  at  the  disposal  of  the  Military  Autho- 
rities, and  was  soon  availed  of.  All  the  vacant 
teds  were  rapidly  filled  with  wounded,  and  in 
addition  several  cases  of  men  suffering  from 
exposure  and  had  weather  were  sent  in  from 
the  vai  ious  districts. 

Howth  Nursing  Division. — Two  members  of 
this  unit  anve  valuable  assistance  at  40  Mer- 
rion snuare,  and  mother  worked  unceasingly 
in   the    Adelaide    Hospital. 

Leeson  Park  Nursing  Division. — By  kind 
permission  of  the  Kev.  Percy  Phair,  M.A.,lhe 
Litton  Hall  was  clipped  as  nn  auxiliary  hos- 
pital of  25  tied-  Fortunately,  it  was  found 
unne<  essarv  to  i  tilise  this  Lospital  to  the  full, 
although  a  couple  of  patients  were  treated- 
there  Ion  muHi  praise  rannoi  be  given  to  the 
tta.\    this   detachment  mobilitcd,   worked,  and 


disbanded  with  promptitude  and  earnestness, 
which  is  greatly  to  the  credit  of  the  months 
of  hard  work  expended  on  this  Division  by 
their  indefatigable  Lauy  Superintendent,  Miss 
M.  H.  Archer.  In  addition  to  this  hospital, 
12  of  their  members  helped  on  *'  night  "  and 
"  day  "    duty   at   40   Merrion    square. 

St.  James's  Gate  Nursing  Division. — Early 
in  that  fateful  week  the  members  offered  their 
services  to  the  city  hospitals,  and  a-sisted 
greatly  in  looking  after  soldiers  and  poor 
refugees. 

North  Co.  Dublin  Nursing  Division. — Most 
of  these  members  took  part  in  helping  at  40 
Merrion  square,  George  V.  Hospital,  and  in 
the  dressing  station  at  the  north  side  of  the 
city.     Others  assisted   refugees. 

Dundrum  Nursing  Division. — Lady  Superin- 
tendent, Miss  Bird,  was  placed  in  charge  of 
the  High  School  Auxiliary  Hospital,  where  ex- 
cellent work  was  done,  many  patients  being 
admitted  daring  ihe  week.  \n  connection 
with  this  hospital  a  Food  Supply  Depot  was 
also  organised  at  Dundrum,  and  all  praise  is 
due  to  the  splendid  way  in  which  this  Divi- 
sion carried  out  their  various  duties.  Harcourt 
•  Nursing  Division  worked  in  conjunction  with 
above  at  the  High  School. 

Fitzwilliam  Nursing  Division. — Larry  Super- 
intendent, Mrs.  McVittie  was  out  of  town,  but 
returned  on  Tuesday,  immediately  reporting 
at  the  Deputy  Commissioners'  house.  She 
any  many  members  of  the  Fitzwilliam  unit  were 
early  on  the  scene  when  40  Merrion  square 
was  opened  as  a  hospital,  and  worked  untir- 
ingly all   through. 

The  following  Nursing  Divisions  were  repre- 
sented at  40  Merrion  square : — The  Irish 
Nurses'  Association  by  Miss  Carson  Rae.  who 
acted  <is  Matron  (day)  ;  Maycourt  Nursing  Di- 
vision ;  South  Dublin  Nursing  Division  : Ortho- 
paedic Hospital  Nursing  Division  :  Dublin  Uni- 
versity Nursing  Division,  and  Royal  College 
of   Science   Nursing   Division. 

THE    AMBULANCE     WORKERS. 

Appenaed  to  Dr.  Lumsden's  report  is  the 
following  list  of  names  of  St.  John  Ambulance 
Brigade  and  others  who  were  members  of 
ambulance  divisions  on  duty  during  the  rebei- 
lion  : — ■ 

Albanv,  —  Armstrong,  — 

Archibald,    W. 

Baker,  —  Bolton,  R.   H. 

Baker,   A.,  M.D.  Bone,   H. 

Bam  ford,  J.  Bone,  J. 

Barrett,  W.  Bone,  John 

Bedlow,   W.   J.  Bovd,    W.    H. 

Bennett,  L.   (V.)  Boyle,   P.    (Driver) 

Bennett,   W.  Brown,    R.    (V.) 

Bodkin,  J.    (V.)  Burke,    dauby 

Boland,   R.  Byrne,  R. 

Camp,  A.  (Driver)  Christie,  P. 
Cantley,  J.  (B.R..C.S  >Cole,  V.  C. 
Carnegie,  W.  C,  M.D. Convery,  J. 
(arroll,  J.  tope,   U.    P.,   M.D. 

Carte,   W.  Craig,   J. 

Cassidy,    —  Crampton,  Gen  f Driver) 

(  had" wick,  —  Crawford,  C.  G. 

thavlor,  11.8.  Cross,  ML. 


227 


Dootor  JOHN  LUMSDEN  Deputy  Commissioner  St. 
John  Ambulance  Brigade,  Director-Genera! 
Joint    V.A.D.    Committee    for    Ireland. 


Photo   by~\  [Stanley. 

Dr.  ELLA  WEBB,  Lady  District  Superintendent  St. 
John    Ambulance    Brigade.    Dublin. 


CORPS  SUPERINTENDENT    HOLDEN   STODAnT. 
Lr.  RECINALD  C.   PEACOCKE,  Ass  stant  County  St.    John    Ambulance,    killed    whiU   uscharama 

Pirectw.    Co.    Dublin    Red   Cross,    Dublin.  ls-3    uuty. 


223 


Delaney,  M. 
Dennison,  P. 
Dick,  VV. 

Emery,   W.    (V.) 
Fetherstonhaugh, 
(B.R.C.S.) 


Douglas,  W-   J.   (V. 
Dome,   W.    (V.) 
Duggan,  W. 

Fitzsimon,    O'C. 

(B.R.C.S  ) 
Fullerton,    — 


Gahan,  J.  (V.)  Gourlie,  J. 

Gibson,    J.    (Driver)  Gray,    R. 

Giltrap,   Jas.    (V.)  Greaves,  J. 

Gleeson,  M.    (Driver)  Greville,   J. 


Haffield,   W.  M.   P. 
Halliday,  G.  W. 
Hamilton,  J.    B. 
Harrison,   S.   J. 
Haughton,  C.  C. 
Haughton,   Hugh 
Healy,  John 
Helen,   R. 
Hely,     Howard 

(B.R.S.C.) 
Iley,  C,  E. 

Jameson,  R.   W. 
Jardin,  D.  S. 
Jarvis,  — 
Jewell,   L.    W. 

Kalia,    R. 
Keatinge,  Chas. 
Keatinge,    Reg.    H. 
Keely,  C.   W. 
Kellv,  — 
Keogh,  Myles,  M.D. 

Land,  C.   B. 
Law,  — 
Lee,  A. 
Lee,   J.    (V.) 
Leach,  E.   W. 

McCamley,   H. 
McClaren,  J.   (Driver) 
McClure,   R. 
MacCormack,  C.  J., 

L.R.C.S. 
McCoy,   N.   (Driver) 
MeCreagh,  J. 
McDonnell,  VV. 
Mcdowran,  J. 
McMahon,  J.   B. 
Mains,  VV.  J. 
Manson,   Jas. 
Marlowe,  J.    C. 
Ncweomen,  G. 

Nolan,  S. 
Gates,    T. 
O'Brien,   J.    C. 
O'Brien,  E.    (Driver) 

Peck,  W.  (Driver) 
Prenter,  C.  H. 
Phillips,  — 
Veoay,  VV. 
Robinson,   D.    P. 
Roche,    VV.    Clieeveis 

I  Diner) 
Filev,  — 
ItoJberU,   N.    L, 

Atoonev,    J      VV 

Ikyimld*,  w..  a. 


Hollinshead,    A.    G. 
Homan,  J.   F. 
Hughes,  — 
Hunt,   Henry,  M.D. 
Hutchinson,   E. 
Hutchinson,  E.  J. 
Hutson,    Capt.     (Pem- 
broke Fire  Brigade) 


Irwin,  T.  F. 

Johnston,    R.   E. 
Jones,   E.    H. 
Jones,  H. 

Kimberley,    A. 
King,  J.   L. 
King,  K.  (Driver) 
Kinnear,   J.    A. 
Kiverson,  G.   (V.) 
Know,  A.   (V.J 

Leask,   R. 
Lightbown,  — 
Linehan,   M.   F. 
Lynd',  J.  L. 
Lumsden,  J.,  M.D. 

Maude,   R. 

May,   G.    H.  (wounded) 
Maynard,   W.  H. 
Mayne,   H.   P. 
Mahoney,  — 
Monahan,   H.   J.,  B.L. 
Monson,   YV. 
Moore,  A.   L.   B. 
Moore,  J. 

Morgan,   F.   (Driver) 
Mulligan,   A. 
Murphy,  J.  J. 
Murray,   1. 

Norway,  N.  S.  (V.) 

O'Calla^han,    L. 

O'Hara,  — 

OiT,    Professor  VV. 

Pielou,   P.   L. 

Peat,     It.     (B.R.C.S.) 

Pender,  G. 

PrOsloil,    — 

Robinson,   S.   T. 

(Driver) 
Robinson,   M.    (Driver) 
Roche,  C. 
He  a, 
Robinson,  A.  II. 


Smith,  W.  G.  Stuart.   R.   W. 

Scott,   H.   J.  Sullivan,  D.  S. 

Scott,   R.   H.    (V.)  Stronach,  W.  M. 

Stokes,  H.  (Driver)       Stuart,   W.   B. 
Stodart,  Holaen  (killedSymes,   J.    M. 
26th  April)  Shannon,  H. 

Teeling,  L.   A.  Trundle,  J.  F. 

Thomson,  K.  O.  Tugwell,  J.   (wounded) 

Tolputt,  L.  A.  Tyrell   Smith,  C. 

Webb,G.  R.,F.T.C. D.Woods,  B. 
White,  J.   (Driver)        Wilson,   G.   W. 
Whitton,  H.  M.  Woods,  R. 

Webb,  James  H. 
Young,  S.   G.  Young,  W.  J. 

MEMBERS   OF   NURSING    DIVISIONS   ON    DUTY. 

Acton,  Miss  Armstrong  Miss  L 

Archer,  Miss  W.  H. 


Baker,  Mrs. 
Ball,  Miss 
Ball,  Miss  M. 
Barrett,  Miss 
Barrington,   Mrs. 
Batebam,    Miss- 
Batters  by,   Miss 
Bell,  Miss  F.   M. 
Beresford,  Mrs.  Pack- 
Best,   Miss 
Best,  Miss  R. 
Bird',   Miss   C. 
Bigly,  Miss 
Blandford,  Miss 
Cahill,  Miss 
Campbell,   Miss 
Campbell,   Miss  Stan- 
ford 
Carroll,  Miss 
Clarke,    Miss 
Clay,     Miss     Keating 
Collins,   Miss 

Darley,   Miss 
Davidson,  Miss 
Davies,   Miss 
Dixon,   Mrs.  F. 
Doherty,  Miss 
Dovie,  Miss 

Farquharson,    Miss    E. 
Farquharson,  Miss.  M. 
Fairer,    Miss 
Figgis,  Miss  R. 
Finny,  Miss 
Ford,   Mrs. 
Geates,    Mrs. 
Geates,  Miss 
Goocibody,    Mrs.    R. 
(ioodbody,  Miss  G. 
Gore,  Miss  Knox 
Gorman:,   Miss 
Graham,   Miss 
Flail;  Miss 
Hamilton,    Miss 
Handcock,    Hon.    Mrs. 
Handcock,    Miss    V. 
Haikness,   *.»rs. 
Healy,  Mrs.   Howard 
Heany,   Miss  A. 
Dickey,  Mlsb 


Blood,  Mrs. 
Blood,  Mrs.  Lloyd 
Blood,  Miss  Lloyd 
Rloxham,   Miss 
Bond,  Miss  E. 
Booth,   Mrs.   Day. 
Booth,  Miss. 
Booth,  Miss  E. 
Boyd',   Misses 
Brown,   Miss   M. 
Brunker,  Mrs. 
Butler,  Miss  W. 
Blackham,    Miss. 

Cooney,  Miss 
Cope,   Miss   W. 
Courtenay,  Miss  R. 
Cox,   Miss   K. 
Craig,    Miss 
Crawford,   Miss 
Curtis,  Mrs.  Middleton 
Cutler,  Nurse 

Draper,  Mrs. 
Drury,   Miss 
Dudgeon,  Miss 
Duffin,    Miss  P. 
Duffin,    Miss  R. 
Dillon,  Hon.  G. 
Forde,  Mrs. 
Koote,  Miss 
F raser,   Miss 
Freeman,  Miss 
Fry,    Miss 

Graham,  Miss  R. 
Gray,  Miss 
Griffin,  Misses 
Griffith,   Miss 
Ciubbins,   Mrs. 
Gallagher,  Miss   L. 

Hignett,  Mrs.   A.   H. 
Hodson,   Misses 
Hopking,   Miss 
Hughes,  Miss 
Hunter,  Miss  G. 
Hunter,        Miss       W. 

Hamilton 
Hurley,  Misse* 


229 


Jackson,    Mrs. 
Jameson,    Miss 
J  effaces,    Miss 
."i effaces,    Miss  J. 
.'^hriston,  Miss  L. 

Keatinge,   Miss 
Keegan,  Miss 
Kelly,  Miss 
Kelly,   Miss   D. 

Laird,  Miss 
Lamb,   Mrs. 
Lane,  Miss 
Law,   Miss   M. 
Leahy,  Miss 
Ledwidge,  Mass 
Lloyd,  Miss  A. 
Lumsden,    Mrs.    J. 
McComas,    Miss    E. 
MacDonnell.  Miss  V 
MeLellan,    Miss 
MacKenzie,     Miss 
McVittie,    Mrs. 
MacWilliani,   Miss 
Maffet,  Miss 
Mahony,  Misses. 

Newbold,   Miss 
Newbold,   Misses 
Newcomen,    Mrs. 
Newell,   Miss 
Newland,    Miss 

O'Carroll,    Miss 
O'Kelly,   Miss 
O' Kelly,   Miss  E. 

Pentland,    Miss 
Perry,    Miss 
Pigott,    Miss 
Poe,  Miss  Muriel 
Poole,  Miss  A. 
Poole,   Miss  E. 

Rawson,   Miss 
Rawson,   Miss  H. 
Reilly,    Miss   F. 
Keilly,    Miss 
Rice,  Mrs. 
Ritchie,    Miss 
Ritchie,   Miss 

Sankey,   Miss  R. 
Scott,"  Mrs. 
Sealy,    Miss 
Seed's,  Miss 
Selfe,   Miss 
Shannon,  Mrs. 
Shannon,  Miss 
Hhaw,  Misses 
S4mpson,    Miss 
Slevin,  Miss 


Johnstone,  Miss  Hamil- 
ton,  M.B. 
Jolly,  Miss 
Jones,  Mrs.   Booth 
Jones,   Miss  Booth 

Kennedy,  Miss  N. 
Kerin,    Miss    D'Arcy. 
King,  Miss  M.  L. 
Kough,   Miss 

Manders,  Mrs. 
Mangin,    Miss 
Martin,  Miss 
Meade,  Miss 
Mercer,   Mrs. 
Meredith,    Miss   K. 
Meredith,  Miss  R. 
Metze,   Miss 
Millar,    Miss   D. 
Monson,  Miss 
Moonev,    Misses 
S.  Moore,"  Miss   E. 
Morrison,  Miss 
Mowbray,  Miss 
Murtagh,  Mrs. 


Neill,   Miss 
Neilson,  Miss 
Nichols,    Miss 
Nowlan,  Miss  Jones 


O'Neill,    Miss 
Orr,  Miss 


Pringle,  Mrs.   Seton 
Purcell.  Miss 
Purdon,  Miss  D. 
Pardon,   Miss  E. 
Pringle,    Mrs. 


Robertson,  Miss 
Robinson,   Mrs. 
Robinson,.  Miss 
Robinson',  Mrs.    W.   II. 
Roff,   Miss 
Roth  well,   Miss 


Slyne,  Misses 
Smith,   Miss 
Suiith,   Miss  H. 
Smyth,   Miss 
Smythe,  Misses 
Somerville,  Miss 
Stevenson,  Miss 
Stokes,   Mrs. 
Stubbs,    Miss 
Skipworth,  Miss  K. 


Wade,  Miss 
Watson,  Mrs. 
Wadsworth,   Mrs. 
Wakefield,   Miss  A. 
Wakefield,  Mrs. 
Wakely,   Miss 
Walshe,   Miss  A. 
Webb,  Miss  M. 
Webb,  Mrs.  Ella  G.  A. 

M.D. 
Weldon,   Miss 


West,    Miss 
Whitehead,    Miss 
Wickham,   Miss 
Wilkinson,    Mrs. 
Williams,   Miss 
Wilmot,  Misa 
Wilson,  Miss 
Wilson,  Miss  A. 
Wrede,  Miss 
Witz,  Miss  Dora 
Woods,  Miss 


Taylor,   Miss  Tobin,   Miss  S. 

J  i.ompson,   Miss  Trayner,  Miss 

'1  hompson,   Mrs.   CecilTrayer,  Miss 

Upton,   Mrs. 

Vanes,  Misa 


AWARDS  TO  AMBULANCE  WORKERS. 

The  award  of  Silver  Medals  for  Ambulance 
Work  in  Ireland  is  unique,  the  occasion  of  the 
Rebellion  being  the  first  on  record  for  the  con- 
ferring of  such  distinctions.  'Hie  following 
is  the  official  list  of  the  recipients  of  Silver 
Medals.  Bronze  Medals.  and  Certificates 
awarded  by  the  General  Chapter  of  the  Order 
of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem  for  meritorious  duty 
performed  at  tbe  rising.  These  medals  and 
certificates  -were  presented  to  the  individuals 
named  by  Sir  Henry  Blake  at  a  rieeting  in 
the  Lecture  Theatre  of  the  Royal  Dublin 
Society  on  Tuesday,  16th  January,  1917  : — 

Silver   Medals. 

Mrs.  Ella  G.  A.  Webb,  M.D.,  Lady  District 
Superintendent,   No.    12  (Irish)  District. 

Mrs.  Constance  Heppell-Marr,  Assistant 
County  Director,  City  of  Dublin  E ranch  Bri- 
tish   r.c-d'   Cross    Society. 

Mrs.   Edith  C.   Chaytor,   unattached. 

J.  Lumsden,  M.D.,  Deputy  Commissioner, 
No.   12  (Irish)   District. 

William  G.  Smith,  District  Superintendent, 
No.    12   (Irish)   District. 

B.  c.-K-.i.,    Medals — Men. 

Pte.    George    May.    i?our  Courts    St.    J.A.B. 

Cpl.  J.   Tugwell,  Jacob's,  St.   J.A.B. 

Corps  Supt.  Reg.  H.  Keatinge,  Dublin 
Building  Trades  St.  J.A.B. 

Corps  Supt.  James  H.  Webb,  City  of  Dub- 
lin St  J.A.B. 

District  Officer   Arthur   L.    B.    Moore. 

First  Officer  Charles  Keatinge,  Dublin  Build- 
ing Trades  St.  J.A.B. 

Supt.   J.    Healy,   Four  Courts   St.   J.A.B. 

Supt.  R.  Jameson,  City  of  Dublin  St.  J.A.B. 

Herbert  S.  Chaytor,  unattached'. 
Pte.  W.  Reynolds,  Brooks,  Thomas  St.  J.A.B. 

Bronze     Medals — Women. 

Mrs  Dorothy  Hignett,  Deputy  Head  Irish 
War  Hospital  Supply  Depot. 

Mrs.  Caroline  F.  Lumsden,  Quartermaster, 
Irish    War   Hospital  Supply  Depot. 

Miss  Mabel  McCartney,  Quartermaster, 
B.R-.CS. 

Miss  Florence  Renny-Tailyour,  Dublin  Uni- 
versity N.  St  J.A.B. 

Mrs.  E.  Fitzpatrick,  City  of  Tublin  B.R.C.S. 

Miss    O'Neill,    City    of  'Dublin    B.R  C.S. 

Sister  M.   M'Gin'eV,  Sir  P.  Dun's   Hospital. 

Sister  A.  Sproule,  Sir  P.  Pun's  Hosp'tal. 

Sister  M.   Scally,  Sir  P.  Dun's   Hos[  ital. 

Miss  Molly   Woods,   unattached. 
CeM'flcaie   of    Honour — Men. 

Supt.  P.  L.  Pieloj,  Kt.  Jaties's  Gat« 
St.  J.A.B. 


230 


Sergt   J.    Gourlie,    Dublin    Building    Trades 
Division,    St.    J.A.B. 

Dr.     Henrv    Hunt,    Rathmines    Ambulance 
Division,  St,"  J.A.B. 

Pte.     Robert    Peat,    Co.    Dublin    B.R.C.S. 
V.A.D.  7. 

Pte.    William   Fetherstonhaugh,   Co.    Dublin 
B.R.C.S.  V.A.D.  7. 

Dr  Myles  Keogh,  unattacheu. 

Pte.   W.   H.   Boyd,  Four  Courts  St.  J.A.B. 

Quartermaster  J.  Bamford,  Royal  College  of 
Science  St.   J.A.B, 

Supt.  D.  Robinson,  Rathmines  St.  J.A.B. 

Sergt.    V.    Cole,   City  of  Dublin   St.   J.A.B. 

Supt.    H.    T.    Monahan,    Land    Commission 
St.  J.A.B. 

Officer  S.  Hey,  Citv  of  Dublin  St.  J.A.B. 

Officer  J.  Roman,  City  of  Dublin  St.  J.A.B. 

Pte.    G.    R.    Webb,    Dublin   University   St. 
J.A.B.  J 

Div.  Surg.  Dr.  Carnegie,  Dublin  University. 
St.  J.A.B. 

Sergt.  P.   Haffield,  Glenageary  St.  J.A.B. 

Pte.  L.   W.  Jewell,  Four  Courts  St.  J.A.B. 

Corps  Supt.    A.    Baker,  M.D.,   Dublin   Uni- 
versity St.  J.A.B. 

Pte.  T.  Oates,  St.  James's  Gate  St.  J.A.B. 

Supt.  D.  J.  Jardin    Royal  College  of  Science 
St.  J.A.B. 

Pte.  Granby  Burke,  Four  Courts  St.  J.A.B. 

Cpl.   Kellv,  Glenageary  St.  J.A.B  . 

District  Officer   G.    P.    Cope,   M.D. 

Pte.  G.  W.  Wilson,  Rathmines  St.  J.A.B. 

Pte.    Simon  Nolan,   Dublin   Building  Trades 
St.  J.A.B. 

Sgt.  J.  Trundle,  St.  James's  Gate  St.  J.A.B. 

Pte.  J.  O'Brien,  Land  Commission  St.  J.A.B 

Pte.  D.  Sullivan,  Land  Commission  St.  J  A. B 

Pte.  G.   H.   Bolton,  Rathmines  St.  J.A.B. 

Sergt.    H.    Scott,    Roval    College   of   Science 
St.  J.A.B. 

Quartermaster    Howard    Healy,    Co.    Dublin 
B.R.C.S  V.A.D.  7. 

Sgt.  J.  Greaves,  Royal  College  St.  J.A.B. 

Pte.  J.   Greville,   Four  Courts  St.   J.A.B. 

Pte.   George  Newcomen,    Dublin   University 
St.  J.A.B. 

Pte.   H.   P.  Mayne,  Four  Courts  St.  J.A.B. 

Pte.   E.   J.    Hutchinson,   City  of  Dublin  St. 
J.A.B. 

Neville   Norway,    unattached. 

Sgt.  L.  A.  Tolputt,  Galway  Citv  St.  J  A.B. 

Pte.   H.   Wln'tton,  Four  Courts  St.  J.A.B. 

Pte.   R.   Helen,  St.  James's  Gate  St.  J.A.B. 

Capta'n   Huteon,    Pembroke   Fire   Brigade. 

Pte.  W.  J.   Bedlow,  Dublin  Building  Trades 
fc't.  J.A.B. 

Sergt.    R.    Leask,   Rathmines  St.   J  A  B. 

t  pi.   R.   Maude,  Rathmines  St.  J.A.B. 

(  pi.  W.  M.  Stronach,  Rathmines  St.  J.A.B. 

Robert  Wood",  unattached. 

W.  Chevers   Roche,    unattached. 

Certificate  of   Honour — Women. 
Mi«n  Bird.  L.  Supt.  Dundrum  N.  lit.  J.A.B. 
:  Miss  W.    H.   Archer,   L.   Supt.  1  reson   Park 
N    St    J  A.B. 

Misg    Kath«rine      Corny,      City      of   T  itlin 

v  n.c.a. 

Miss  E.   F.    Biandforr],   Lady  IJi&trict  Secre- 
tary, No.   12  (iiiirbj  District. 


Miss  Frances  Mangan,  City  of  Dublin 
B.R.C.S. 

Miss  Eileen  McCartney,  City  of  Dublin 
B.R.C.S. 

Mrs.  Cra-wfurth  Smith,  Co.  Dublin  Branch 
B.R.C.S.,  V.A.D.  2. 

Mrs.  McVittie,  L.  Supt.  Fitzwilliam  Nurs- 
ing Division,  St  J.A.B. 

Miss   Fry,    St.    J.A.B.    Member. 

Miss  Freeman,   St.   J.A.B.    Member. 

Miss  Pigott,  St.  J.A.B.  Member. 

Mrs.   Lloyd-Blood,  St.  J.A.B.   Member. 

Miss  Wrede,  St  J.A.B.   Member. 

Mrs.  Richard  Sankey,  St.  J.A.B.   Member. 

Miss  Knox  Gore,  St.  J.A.B.  Member. 

Miss  Booth  Jones,  St.  J.A.B.  Member. 

Miss  Graham,   St.   J.A.B.    Member. 

Miss    Figgis,    St.    J.A.B.    Member. 

Miss  W.  Butler,  St    J.A.B.  Member. 

Miss  A  Poole,  St.  J.A.B.   Member. 

Miss  E.   Poole,  St.  J.A.B.  Member. 

Miss  F.  Reillv,  Co.  Dublin  B.R.C.S., 
VA.D.  24. 

Miss  E.  Moonev,  St.  J.A.B.  Member. 

Miss  S.  F.  Moonev,  St.  J.A.B.  Member. 

Miss  Smythe,  Co. 'Dublin  Branch  B.R.C.S. 

CITY    OF    DUBLIN    RED    CROSS. 

Too  much  praise  cannot  be  given  to  the 
ladies  of  the  Red  Cross  Branches  of  the  City 
and  County  of  Dublin  for  the  work  which  they 
performed  during  the  rebellion.  Mrs.  Heppell- 
Marr,  Assistant  County  Director  of  the  Citv 
of  Dublin  Branch,  was  at  her  post  at  29 
Fitzwilliam  street  each  day,  and  on  Tuesday 
of  Easter  week  Mrs.  GoraJn  FitzPatrick, 
Commandant  of  V.A.D.  No.  12,  and  Miss 
Macartney,  Acting  Commandant  of  V.A.D. 
No.  18,  reported  themselves  for  duty.  They 
came  again  on  Wednesday  morning,  and,  with 
several  members  of  tueir  Detachments,  entered 
with  zeal  on  the  work  of  rescue.  The  ladies 
who  participated  in  carrying  the  wounded 
under  fire,  in  addition  to  Mrs.  Heppell  Ma  it, 
v»ere  Miss  Conroy,  Commandant  No.  8 
V.A.D.  ;  Mrs.  Gordon  FitzPatrick,  Comman- 
dant No.  12  V.A.D.  ;  Miss  Macartney, 
Quartermaster,  No.  18  V.A.D.  ;  Mrs.  Byrne, 
Commandant  No.  2  V.A.D.;  Miss  Kerrigan, 
Miss  E.  Macartney,  Miss  O'Neill,  Miss  Man- 
gin,  Miss  Kinsley,  Mrs.  Little,  Nurse  Do  wo', 
Mrs.  Meade,  Lower  Pembroke  street,  gene- 
rously offered  her  house,  No.  32  Merrioi 
square,  to  Mrs.  Heppell-Marr,  so  that  »ully  a 
hundred  beds  \*«^;e  available  if  wanted.  As 
a  matter  of  fact,  twenty  five  patients  were 
provided  with  beds  at  Fitzwilliam  street. 
Miss  Thornton,  of  Sir  Patrick  Dun's  Hospi- 
tal, expressed  her  high  appreciation  of  the 
valuable  aid  render^  i  by  Mrs.  Marr\j  De- 
tachments, and  also  by  the  ladies  of  No.  40 
Merrion  square,  and'  by  Miss  Huxley,  of  Klpis. 

1  he  following  is  a  brief  epLo..  e  of  the 
work  performed  by  the  City  0f  Duthu 
Branch   of  the   Ked  Cross. 

Thursday,  V.A.D.'s  carried  in  wounded  '-> 
Sir  Patrick  Dun's  Nursing  Home.  A  great  deal 
of  firing  was  going  on  at  the  time.  On  that 
cay  the  offices  of  29  lx>wer  Fitzwilliam  street 
weie  converted   into  a   i'emporai-y  llospit*!— 


231 


the  V.A.D.'s  collecting  supplies  from  the 
public.  Accommodation  for  50  patients  was 
prepared.  The  following  trained  nurses — Miss 
Neill,  Miss  Dowd,  Mrs.  Dwyer  Mrs.  Bur- 
gess, were  assisted  in  the  wards  by  V.A.D.'s 
wno  had  received  hospital  experience  Surgeon 
Wheeler,  Dr.  Rowlett,  and  Dr.  Rountree  gave 
their  services  to  the  Temporary   Hospital. 

On  Friday  Miss  Meade  kindly  lent  her 
house,  32  Fitzwilliam  square,  which  was 
equipped  and  set  in  order  by  the  V.A.D.'s, 
under  the  supervision  of  Miss  Gargan. 
Twenty-five  patients  were  received,  and  as, 
thanks  to  the  generosity  of  the  public,  a 
large  quantity  of  provisions  were  available, 
the  Temporary  Hospital  was  kept  going,  and 
some  of  the  City  Hospitals  supplied  with, 
various  articles  of  food'. 

All  stretcher-bearers  were  women,  and 
from  time  to  time  they  made  a  tour  of  the 
city  to  find  out  if  their  services  were  required, 
»nd  on  several  occasions  were  able  to  render 
assistance  to  -wounded'  people.  It  was  then 
found  that  difficulty  was  experienced  by  the 
Castle  Hospital  in  gsi'mg  their  laundry  done, 
and  the  V.A.D.'s  wesv  able  to  fill  the  gap. 
Lady  Woods  kindly  tenaing  her  laundry  for 
the  work.  The  washing  was  done  by  some  of 
the  city  V.A.D.'s,  assisted  by  members  of  St. 
John  Ambulance  Brigade  and  members  of  the 
Co.  Branch  B.R.C.S.,  the  linen  being  dried  in 
Merrion  square  by  permission  of  the  military 
authorities.  The  whole  of  the  work  of  the  Tem- 
porary Hospital  was  done  by  voluntary  workers 
— washing,  cooking,  kitchen  work,  etc.,  ar^ 
among  dthers  the  following  rendered  very 
valuable  assistance  : — 

Miss  Macartney,  Mrs.  Little,  Miss  Spillane, 
Miss  O'Driscoll,  Miss  McCullagh,  Mrs.  Gor- 
don FitzPatrick,  Miss  Ferguson,  Miss  Kins- 
ley, Miss  McMahon,  Miss  E.  Macartney,  Mrs. 
Byrne,  Miss  Barnard,  Mrs.  Burne,  Miss 
Kerrin,  Miss  Mangin,  Miss  Ljngan,  Miss 
Donaldson,  Miss  Scratton,  Miss  Mitchell,  Miss 
Hume,  Miss  Dempsey,  Miss  Lynan,  Miss 
Slyne,  Miss  Farran,  Miss  O'Ratigan,  Miss 
Strahan,  Miss  Butler,  Miss  Kerrigan,  Miss  E. 
Harrison,  Nurse  Neilan,  Miss  £.  Slyne,  Miss 
Swan,  Miss  Merrick,  Miss  Isaacs,  Miss  O'Neill, 
Miss  M.   Harrison,   Nurse  Dwyer. 

Six  V.A.D.'s  and  a  Trained  Nurse  were 
sent  over  to  the  Dublin  Castle  Red  Cross 
Hospital  at  Matron's  request,  to  assist  there. 

Owing  to  the  restrictions  laid  upon  the 
City  by  the  Military  Authorities,  very  few 
of  our  V.A.D.'s  were  able  to  report,  and 
those  mentioned  worked  indefatigably  during 
the  whole  of  the  disturbance. 

It  should  be  recognised  that  but  for  the 
generosity  of  the  public,  who  supplied  a  large 
quantity  of  provisions,  and  other  necessaries, 
it  would  have  been  impossible  to  keep  the  tem- 
porary hospital  going,  and  it  should  be  men- 
tioned that  Messrs.  Wilson,  Studley,  Holmes, 
Dempsey,  and  Hutton  rendered  great  assist- 
ance. 

Two  separate  centres  were  established  by 
members  of  the  Branch,  Mrs.  Elkins  and  Mrs 
Edie.  The  former  was  at  her  post  in  Gardiner'3 
place  and  rendered  great  assistance  to  Captain 


Gaffiken,  R.A.M.C.,  who  spoke  very  highly 
of  her  services.  Mrs.  Edie  put  her  house  at 
the  disposal  of  the  military  authorities  during 
the  time  they  were  stationed  at  Ballsbridge, 
and  she  provided  sleeping  accommodation  and 
meals  for  Red'  Cross  men  on  duty,  and  ren- 
dered assistance  to  some  of  the  wounded  men 
of  the  Volunteer  Training  Corps,  for  which 
services  she  was  thanked  by  the  military  au- 
thorities. 

CO.  DUBLIN   RED  CROSS. 

Dr.  Reginald  Peacocke,  Assistant  County 
Director  of  the  Co.  Dublin  Branch  of  the 
British  Red  Cross  Society,  in  a  report  of  the 
work  done  by  the  members  of  the  V.A.D.  of 
that  organisation  during  the  rising,  deals  first 
with  the  work  done  in  Kingstown.  Dr. 
Dampier  Bennett,  the  medical  officer  of  the 
Kingstown  Men's  Detachment,  County  Dublin 
No.  3,  had  the  men  mobilised,  and  on  Thurs- 
day, April  27th,  twelve  of  the  Detachment, 
under  Sec. -Leader  Brimage,  left  Kingstown 
and  marched  into  Ballsbridge  and  reported  to 
the  M.O.  in  command  of  the  R.A.M.C.  there. 
The  following  day,  as  their  services  were  not 
required,  they  returned  to  Kingstown,  and 
did  excellent  work  at  Corrig  Castle  Hospital. 
Excellent  work  was  done  at  Corrig  Castle 
Red  Cross  Hospital,  which,  it  is  said,  the 
Sinn  Feiners  had  determined  to  take  posses- 
sion of  in  the  event  of  a  successful  rising  in 
Kingstown 

On  the  evening  of  Monday,  24th  April,  there 
arrived  at  the  Hospital  two  stokers  from 
H.M.S.  Tara,  who  were  among  those  liberated 
by  the  Duke  of  Westminster's  armoured  car 
expedition,  and  who  were  passing  through 
Kingstown  on  their  way  home,  but  were  un- 
able to  proceed.  Other  military  and  navf.l 
refugees  also  arrived,  and  late  in  the  evening 
the  Transport  Officer  sent  24  men,  including 
eight  O.T.C.  Cadets,  who  were  on  their  way 
to  Kildare,  to  be  provided  with  food  and 
beds.  The  majority  of  these  men  remained 
about  10  days.  On  Tuesday,  25th,  a  number 
of  soldiers  Were  brought  in.  including  Captain 
Denning,  R.A.M.C,  who  had  been  wounded, 
and  a  number  of  Stafford  shires  suffering  from 
vaccination  fever;  shortly  afterwards  there 
arrived  five  Queen  Alexandra  nurses  on  their 
way  to  King  George  V.  Hospital ;  from  this 
on  there  was  a  continuous  procession  of  re- 
fugees, both  military  and  civilian.  Owing  to 
the  great  difficulty  in  procuring  food,  the 
kitchen  was  turned  into  a  bakery,  and  even 
the  butter  was  churned  on  the  premises. 
Some  of  the  ladies  were  on  duty  from  12  to 
14  hours  a  day,  and  the  Matron,  Miss  Harris, 
Commandant  of  V.A.D.,  No.  28,  was  on  duty 
for  three,  days  and  three  nights  continuously. 
Altogether  there  were  76  fed  and  69  beds  pro- 
vided, in  addition  to  the  usual  work  of  the 
Hospital. 

Dr.  Dampier  Bennett,  Medical  Officer, 
V.A.D.  No.  3,  and  Dr.  Greer,  Medical 
Officer,  V.A.D.  No.  14,  were  in  constant  at- 
tendance. In  addition  to  the  Matron  and 
the  five  Queen  Alexandra  nurses,  the.  follow- 
ing ladies  worked  indefatigably  : — Sister  Mad- 
dock,   Miss  Roe,   Mrs.    Murray,   Miss  Sudlow, 


2i2 


Miss  Doreen  Sudlow.  Miss  Clifford.  Miss 
Connolly,  Miss  Burke,  Mrs.  West.  Miss 
Morrison,  ^juss  Cook,  the  Misses  Torney, 
Miss  Boyle,  Miss  Robinson,  Miss 
Booth,  Miss  Kelly,  Miss  Manning,  Miss 
Spears,  and  Miss  Roche;  these  ladies  are 
members  of  the  Voluntary  Aid  Detachments 
No.  14  and  No.  28.  The  Red  Cross  Work 
Guild,  Kingstown,  was  asked  to  send  shirts 
and  socks  for  the  troops,  and  it  once  sent 
108  pairs  of  socks  and  one  dozen  shirts.  On 
the  26th  April  they  were  asked  if  they  could 
give  or  get  loans  of  blankets  or  rugs,  as  the 
troops  who  arrived  had  to  sleep  on  the  grass 
slopes  near  the  Pier,  and  badly  needed  cover- 
ing- Mrs.  Brereton  Barry,  her  secretary, 
Miss  Nolan,  her  son,  Ralph,  and  Judge 
Brereton  Barry  went  round  most  of  the 
houses  in  the  district,  and  were  fortunate 
enough  to  get  a  large  quantity  of  blankets, 
rugs,  coats,  etc.  The  people  were  most  gene- 
rous in  giving,  and  they  were  brought  in 
handcarts  by  Boy  Scouts  to  the  Buffet  on  the 
sea  front,  where  they  were  distributed.  The 
members  of  the  Red  Cross  Work  Guild  all 
worked  hard  to  alleviate  the  hardships  of  the 
soldiers  during  these  trying  times. 

The  members  of  the  Ladies'  V.A.D.,  B?l- 
briggan,  No.  30,  County  Dublin,  Commandant, 
Miss  Warren,  secured  the  Technical  School 
and  established  a  canteen,  which  was  open 
from  7  a.m.  to  8  p.m.,  and  at  which  soldiers 
secured  all  their  meals.  Miss  Shaw,  Com- 
mandant of  No.  6,  Terenure  V.A.D.,  and 
Quartermaster  Miss  Mary  Shaw,  as  well  as 
Miss  Clarke  and  Miss  Davies,  did  duty  in  the 
Hospital  at  40  Merrion  square.  Mrs.  Bolton, 
Commandant  of  V.A.D.  No.  24,  reported  good 
work  done  by  members  of  her  Detachment  in 
different  parts  of  "the  city.  Mrs.  Hely,  Lady 
Superintendent,  was  on  night  duty  at  the 
Hi<rh  School,  and  the  Quartermaster,  Miss 
Reilfy,  at  40  Merrion  square,  where  also 
several  other  members  of  the  Detachment  were 
hard  at  work.  Sec. -Leader  Miss  Stanuell 
kept  the  canteen  going  at  the  Munition  Works 
ttgbont  all  the  trouble.:  she  never  went  off 
dntv  for  11  days  ami  slept  in  a  chair. 
,  A  nioiilxr  of  the  Indies  of  thfs  Detachment 
worked  untiringly  in  'be  neighbourhood  of 
Pembroke  road  and  BalFsbrrdge.  Others  who 
live  on  the  North  side  of  fc»e  town  worked 
at,  King  street,  .Manor  street,  and  Henry 
.street. 

From  Detachment  No.  22  three  ladies — 
namely,  Miss  Booth  Jones  (Quartermaster) 
and  the  Misses  E.  and  L.  Smyth — did  excel- 
lent work  at  40  Merrion  square  ;  two  others 
helped  at  Ailesbury  Park  Hospital,  to  the 
■work  of  which  I  must  now  refer. 

AILESBURY    PARK    EMERGENCY    HOSPITAL. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  Insurrection  Mrs. 
furth  Smith,  Commandant  of  the  No.  2 
]  )rta>  Iiiik nt,  'phoned  me  her  desire  to  con- 
'vert  her  house  in  Ailesbury  Lark  into  an 
Einergency  Hospital.  I  was  delighted  with 
the  idea  and  readily  consented  to  take  medi- 
V,i|  ebi  i  ye  of  it.  Mrs.  Crawfurth  Smith  and 
her  V.A.I),  with  the  kind  cooperation  of 
many   neighbours,   set   energetically   to    work. 


People  around  lent  beds,  mattresses,  etc.,  &n<\ 
soon  we  got  d0  beds,  which  were  all  occupied 
by  wounded  soldiers.  The  Commandant,  .Mrs. 
Crawfurth  Smith,  her  son,  Mr.  Malcolm 
Smith,  and  all  the  ladies  of  the  Detachment 
carried  out  their  work  splendidly.  The  duties 
of  the  Quartermaster  were  discharged  bv  Miss 
Eileen  Wilson.  The  other  ladies  of  the 
V.A.D.  were  the  Misses  O'Keeffe,  Mrs. 
Phipps,  Mrs.  Truelock,  Mrs.  Gick,  Mrs. 
Erskine,  Mrs.  Millar,  Miss  Dorothy  Millar, 
Miss  Mooney,  Miss  Hicks,  Miss  Hall,  Miss 
Hayes,  Miss  Kellard,  Miss  Sibthorpe,  to- 
gether with  Miss  MeGarvey  and  Miss 
Rodgers,  members  of  V.x\.D.  No.  22.  The 
members  of  the  Blackrock  Branch  of  the  War 
Hospital  Supply  Depot  and  Mrs.  -I.  SnowdeD, 
St.  Andrew's  Sewing  Club,  Blackrock,  sup- 
plied all  needful  bandages,  dressings,  and 
night  shirts. 

In  addition  to  the  work  carried  on  at  Ailes- 
bury Park  Hospital,  two  other  members  of 
the  No.  2  Detachmen  Reserve  to  be  specially 
mentioned';  these  are  the  Misses  J.  ind  R. 
Fitzpatrick.  During  the  -whole  of  the  rebel- 
lion their  labours-  never  ceased  in  what  was 
perhaps  the  hottest  and  most  dangerous  fight- 
ing zone,  namely  the  district  around  Northum- 
berland road,  Haddington  road,  and  Canal 
street  Bridge.  These  two  ladies,  after  their 
heroic  labours  in  the  fighting  line  were  over, 
also  worked  at  Richmond  Barracks  Hospital, 
dressing  the  wounds  of  Sinn  Fein  prisoners. 

The  useful  and  dangerous  work  that  wac 
done  by  the  members  of  the  County  of  Dublin 
No.  7  Detachment,  Pembroke,  is  detailed  in  a 
special  despatch  from  the  Commandant,  Mr. 
O'Connel]  Fitzsimon,  who  writes: — 

"  On  Monday,  the  24th  ult.,  I  chanced  to  be 
passing  the  Royal  City  of  Dublin  Hospital 
when  the  first  of  the  wounded  G.  P.  Volun- 
teers arrived  from  Northumberland  road.  T 
assisted  to  carry  several  of  them  into  thi 
hospital,  and  then,  by  direction  of  Dr.  Par- 
sons, went  to  Northumberland  road  and  haa 
Mr.   Browning  removed   in  an,  ambulance. 

I  sent  a  messenger  to  our  Quartermaster 
asking  him  to  assemble  the  members  of  the 
Detachment,  and  in  a  short  time  Messrs. 
Hely.  Cantley,  Olliver,  R.  Peat,  and  Dillon 
arrived. 

Mr.  Dillon  was  only  paftially,  -uovered 
fr  >m  influen'.a,  so  I  sent  him  home,  but  on 
sul sequent  days  he  did  a  good  deal  of  work 
in  the  vicinity  of  Grand  Canal  street. 

Messrs.  Hely  and  Cantley  took  up  duty  at 
the  City  of  Dublin  Hospital,  whilst  Messrs. 
Oiliver,  R..  Peat,  and  I  went  on  duty  at.  St. 
Vincent's  Hospital.  We  continued  in  sole 
charge  of  the  City  of  Dublin  Hospital  until 
Wednesday,  when  it  was  taken  over  by  St. 
John's  men;  and  in  St.  Vincent's  Hospital 
until  the  end  of  the  trouble  on  the  30th  ult.  ; 
staying  at  the  hospitals  every  night  in  case  of 
emergency. 

Our  medical  officer,  Dr.  Wayland,  in  con- 
junction with  Dr.  Cope,  Mr.  Hely,  and  Mr. 
Smith,  of  St.  John's,  established  a  Pvcd  Cross 
Ho  pital  at  the  High  School  in  Harcoui. 
street,  and  were  ably  assisted  by  Messrs.  R. 
Peat,        Fetherstonhaugh,        Murphy,        and 


233 


O'Carroll,  members  of  our  V.A.D.,  Messrs. 
Peat  and  Fetherstonhaugh  bringing  in  a 
wounded  man  from  Charlemont  street  on  a 
stretcher  under  circumstances  of  great  danger. 
Before  going  to  the  High  School  Mr.  Murphy 
had  been  on  duty  at  Amiens  street  Station, 
and  attended  several  cases. 

Our  Pharmacist,  Mr.  W.  Kennedy,  rallied 
around  him  some  of  our  members  who  live  on 
the  North  side,  and,  assisted  by  Messrs. 
Harte,  Dougias,  O'Carroll,  Ennis,  and 
Whelan,  manned  the  dressing  station  estab- 
lished by  Lieut.  King,  R.A.M.C,  at  Dorset 
street. 

Captain  Arthur  Beveridge,  R.A.M.C,  pays 
a  warm  tribute  to  the  courage  and  devotion 
to  duty  of  Mr.  S.  Dixon,  an  official  of  the 
Rathmines  Tow nship,  and  a  member  of  our 
detachment,  who  did  splendid  work  as  orderly 
on  the  Rathmines  Ambulance,  working  day 
and  night  at  the  removal  of  the  wounded  from 
Beggar's  Bush  Barracks  to  the  Military  Hospi- 
tal at  Portobello,  and  bringing  medical  sup- 
plies  to    Beggar's   Bush. 

Another  member,  Mr.  Giltrap,  attached 
himself  as  stretcher-bearer  to  an  Automobile 
Club  Ambulance,  and  did  excellent  work  on 
several  days.  He  was  slightly  wounded  in 
the  neck,  but  considers  himself  lucky  to  have 
escaped  so  well,  as  his  work  was  in  "the 
firing   line." 

A  recent  member,  Mr.  Masui-re,  acting  in- 
dependently, did  some  useful  work  as  a 
stretcher-bearer  at  Northumberland  road  and 
Mount  street,  and  another  recruit,  Mr. 
McCabe,  was  indefatigable  in  his  efforts  to 
provide  for  the  urgent  needs  of  the  hospitals. 
I  desire  in  a  very  special  way  to  bring 
under  your  notice  the  gallant  conduct  of  Mr. 
Henry  Old's,  a  member  of  our  detachment. 
Olds  had  been  "  doing  his  bit"  from  the  com- 
mencement, and  on  the  25th  was  in  South 
Great  George's  street,  when  he  was  informed 
that  a  wounded  man  -was  lying  on  O'Connell 
Bridge.  He  hastened  there,  and  found  a 
blind  man  lying  wounded.  He  applied  First 
Aid,  and  was  bandaging  the  wounded  limb, 
when  he  was  shot  in  the  shoulder,  but  despite 
the  pain  he  completed  his  work,  and  brought 
the  wounded'  man  to  a  place  of  safety  before 
he  himself  became  unconscious.  Mr.  Olds, 
as  a  result  of  his  wound,  was  unable  to  re- 
sume his  employment  for  a  considerable  time. 
It  is  only  right  to  state  that  the  men  of 
our  detachment  are  unanimous  in  declaring 
that  the  Sinn  Feiners  respected  the  Red  Cross. 
Messrs.  Old's  and  Giltrap  describing  their 
wounds  as  the  result  of  chance  shots,  and 
Mr.  Dixon  stating  that  on  a  couple  of  occa- 
sions they  ceased  fire  whilst  the  ambulance 
was  passing." 

iln  concluding  his  report  Dr.  Peaeocke 
names  the  following  as  deserving  of  special 
recognition  : — 

Mr.  O'Connell  Fitzsimon.  Mr.  W.  Kennedv, 
Mr.  Henry  Old*,  Mr.  Canttev,  Mr.  8.  Dixon, 
Mr.  Giltrap,  Mr.  Olliver,  Mr.  R.  Peat,  pnd 
Mr.  Fether«tdnhaugh  ;  and  amnntr  the  ladic^, 
Mrs.  Craw  fart  ft  Smith.  Miss  Harris,  the  two 
Misses  Fitzpatrick,  and  Miss  Stanuell. 


AT  THE  HOSPITALS. 

♦ 

THE  ROYAL  CITY  OF  DUBLIN: 

With  splendid  devotion  the  Nursing  Staff 
of  this  Hospital,  under  the  direction  of  the 
Lady  Superintendent,  Miss  Eddison,.  per- 
formed their  trying  duty  during  the  entire 
period  of  the  outbreak.  In  this  Hospital  the 
first  cases  arrived  on  Easter  Monday,  just 
as  the  operations  of  the  rebels  commenced, 
and  there  was  no  cessation  until  the  King'a 
forces  had  quelled  the  movement.  Although 
a  very  large  number  of  wounded  soldiers, 
civilians,  and  rebels  were  brought  in  for  im- 
mediate treatment,  the  working  machinery  of 
the  Institution  was  scarcely  disturbed.  Dr. 
Parsons  and  the  entire  Medical  and  Nursing 
staff  gave  themselves  up  to  the  work  with 
zeal. 

At  the  monthlv  meeting  of  the  Board  of 
Directors  of  the  Royal  City  of  Dublin  Hospi- 
tal, held  on  Friday,'  12th  May,  the  Hon.  Mr. 
Justice  Barton  in  the  chair,  the  following  re- 
solutions were  unanimously  passed  : — 

"  That  reviewing  the  terrible  events  of  the 
past  few  weeks,  when  the  resources  of  the  hos- 
pital wrere  taxed  to  the  utmost  in  treating 
upwards  of  200  casualties,  the  Directors  de- 
sire to  place  on  record  their  warm  apprecia- 
tion of  the  services  of  those  who  responded 
to  the  extraordinary  and  unforeseen  calls 
made  upon  their  skill  and  enerj^v,  especially 
the  members  of  the  medical,  surgical,  and 
nursing  staffs,  who  proved  their  efficiency 
under  very  trying  circumstances,  r.s  they  were 
working  often  under  fire,  and  always  at  con- 
siderable personal  risk." 

"The  Board  do  not  find  it  possible  to  refer 
by  name  to  all  who  shared  in  the  work,  but 
they  cannot  refrain  from  expressing  their  most 
grateful  thanks  to  Miss  E  A.  Eddison,  Lady 
Superintendent ;  Dr.  Alfred  R.  Parsons,  Mr. 
G.  Jameson  Johnston,  F.R.C.S.I.  ;  Mr.  R. 
Atkinson  Stoney,  F.R.C.S.I.  ;  Dr.  G.  Pugin 
Meldon.  Dr.  Adams  A.  McConnell  (surgeon  of 
the  Richmond  Hospital),  Dr.  Walters  (Dis 
pensing  Medical  Officer  of  Health.  Pembroke 
Urban  District),  Dr.  Gibbon  FitzGibbon,  Mr. 
Frank  C.  Crawley,  F.R.C.S.I.  ;  and  to  the 
house  surgeon  and  resident  students." 

"  Whilst  particularly  emphasising  the  ex- 
ceptional services  rendered  by  the  LaJy 
Superintendent,  the  Board  also  desire  to  men- 
tion Sisters  Hill,  Richardson,  Lloyd,  Ken- 
nedy, Hackett,  Downing,  both  the  'day'  and 
the  '  night '  nurses  and  the  temporary  pro- 
bationers/' 

The  hospital  is  under  heavy  obligations  to 
the  many  frievids  who  came  forward  with  gifts 
of  food,  bedding,  dressings,  etc.,  and  with 
offers  of  help  in  .innumerable  directions.  The 
Board  particularly  wish  to  thank  those  who  . 
are  mentioned  in  the  following  list,  but  regret 
that  some  names  may  have  been  unavoidably 
omitted  :  — 

The  British  Red  Cross  Societv,  St.  John 
Ambnla'rioe  Association.  Alfred  Miller,  Ladv 
and  the  Misses  Lenox  Con yngham,  Mr.  and 
Mrs.   J.    Hume    Dudgeon,    Miss   Croker,    Miss 


2^,4 


Dudgeon,  W.  F.  We/Is,  M.P.S.I.  ;  City  of 
Dublin  Nursing  Institution,  Henry  Dudgeon, 
Miss  £.  Marrable, Christ  Church,  Leeson  Park, 
working  party ;  Mrs.  Saundens,  and  friends, 
Mrs.  Doekray,  Miss  Michie,  Dr.  Purser,  Geo. 
Helv,  Mrs.  J.  T.  Andrews,  Lady  Shaw,  Mrs. 
A.  Hamilton  Rathmines  working  party,  per 
Mrs.  Humfrev  >  Mr.  Leared,  O.  Jacob,  the  St. 
Jon.)  Ainbuk'.nc^  V.A.D.  ;  Mr.  Coffey,  Lady 
Wright,  Mrs.  Del*  Baker,  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
M&yne,  Miss  A.  J.  Hogg,  Sir  John  Nutting, 
Bart.,  D.L.  j  Mrs.  \V.  P;  King,  the  Misses 
Biddulph,  Mrs.  fc.-  Atkl  Men  Stoney,  J.  Wallis, 
Mrs.  Collen,  Mrs.  Werner,.  B.  H.  Conyngham, 
Miss  Reilly,  the  Misses  Nolan,  Mrs.  J. 
Andrew,  Mrs.  Bingwood,  Fane  Vernon,  D.L.  ; 
Mrs.  Gradner.Mrs.  Puner,  Lady  Holmes,  Mrs. 
Lay  dig,  Mr.  Hickey,  Miss  Preston  Walsh, 
Mrs.  Richards.  T.  A.  Tombe,  the  Pembroke 
Red  Cross  V.A.D.,  Mrs.  Murphy,  Mr.  and 
Miss  Willington,  James  Mahoney,  D.  S. 
Jardin,  William  Brown,  Mrs.  Dixon,  Mrs. 
WTalker,  Mrs.  Tenison  Robbins,  Dr.  McCon- 
nell,  Mrs.  McAllister,  Mrs.  Crookshank.  Mrs.' 
Barrington  Jellett,  J.  L.  King,  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Delap,  Mrs.  Haggard,  John  Maloney,  Miss 
C.  H.  Agnew,  the  Blackrock  Irish  War  Hospi- 
tal Supply  Depot,  per  Mrs.  G.  H.  Heenan ; 
Francis  W.  Breedon,  the  Belfast  War  Hospi- 
tal Supply  Committee,  per  Mrs.  Fane  Vernon  ; 
Mrs.  Henry,  Mrs.  Collum,  Mrs.  McDonnell, 
Miss  H.  Burgess,  Mrs.  Gordon,  Miss  Bond, 
Mrs.  Brindlev  Lady  Cullinan.  the  Misses 
King-Barman,  the  College  of  Science,  per  Miss 
Reec!  :  tbe  Greystones  Women  Working  Guild, 
Mr*.  Huband,  Miss  Revell,  Mrs.  Jameson, 
Mrs.  Hinde,  and  Miss  Gullinan. 

SIR    PATRICK    DUEL'S. 

It  was  on  Wednesday  evening  following 
Easter  Monday  that  the  Sherwood  Foresters, 
marched  towards  Dublin  into  the  death  trap 
that  awaited  them  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Northumberland  road.  Into  the  inferno  the 
Ladv  Superintendent  and  Nurses  of  Sir  Pat- 
rick' Dun's  Nursing  Home  bravely  stepped 
forth  at  about  four  in  the  afternoon.  They 
were  the  first  on  the  scene,  and  they  used 
quilts  to  serve  as  stretchers.  The  Resident 
Medical  Staff  of  the  Hospital  were  also  gal- 
lantly encaged  in  this  rescue  woik.  and  be- 
tween them  they  earned  79  wounded  men,  in- 
cluding soidiers  and  reb<  ls.iutp  the  Home.  Some 
idea  of  the  strenuous  duty  may  be  gathered 
from  the  fact  that  the  time  occupied  was  from 
four  in  the  afternoon  to  midnight.  Three 
clergymen  also  helped  to  carry  the  wounded 
under  fire,  these  being  the  Rev.  Father 
McNevin,  Rev.  Father  McCann,  and  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Hal!,  of  Dalkey.  Into  the  fire  likewise 
entered  Miss  Huxley,  the  distinguished  Lady 
Superintendent  of  Elpis,  which  is  situated  al- 
most opposite  to  the  Nursing  Home,  and  some 
of  her  assistants. 

NATIONAL   MATERNITY. 

The  National  Maternity  Hospital  in  Holies 
st-eet  (Miss  Keating,  Matron)  early  in 
F   <ter        week        found        itself        in  the 

centre  of  hostilities  and     cut     off  by  military 


regulations  from  undisturbed  areas.  The 
problem  of  maintaining  supplies  for  some  of 
the  people,  including  staff  and  patients,  arose 
early,  and  was  ably  dealt  with  by  the  Lady 
Superintendent  and  the  nursing  staff,  who,  at 
considerable  personal  risk  owing  to  rifle  and 
machine  gun  fire,  managed  to  get  out  and 
secure  supplies.  Many  civilians  in  this  dis- 
trict lost  their  lives  in  the  same  quest.  On 
Wednesday,  after  the  military  secured  Mount 
street  Bridge,  the  firing  round  the  hospital 
became  £0  heavy  that  it  was  necessary  to  put 
out  the  Red  Cross  flag.  At  that  time  Sii 
Patrick  Dun's  Hospital  was  filled  to  overflow- 
ing with  wounded  from  the  Mount  street  fight- 
ing, and  its  approaches  being  constantly 
swept  with  rifle  fire  it  was  found  necessary 
to  throw  open  the  Maternity  Hospital  for  the 
treatment  of  casualties.  The  Master,  Dr. 
White,  and  the  resident  staff,  assisted  by 
some  civilians  from  about  the  poorer  district, 
readily  responded  to  the  many  calls  on  theif 
help,  carrying  in  the  wounded  under  fire. 
In  all  some  forty  bullet  wounds  of  a  shock- 
ing nature  were  treated  at  the  hospital. 
Twelve  proved  fatal.  After  the  surrender  on 
Sunday  most  of  the  cases  were  removed  to  St. 
Vincent's  Hospital  by  LA.C.  ambulances, 
which  were  also  used  tn  carry  bread  from 
Messrs.  Boland's  to  the  Maternity  Hospital. 
From  the  dispensary  attached  flour  was  dis- 
tributed to  the  hundreds  of  starving 
poor  during  four  days.  During  the 
week  none  did  better  work  than 
the  priests  attached  to  St.  Andrew's  Church, 
Westland  row,  who  were  constantly  in  the 
thick  of  the  danger,  ministering  to  the 
wounded  and  dying.  Father  MacNevin  found 
it  .necessary  to  remain  at  the  hospital,  and 
his  devotion  to  duty  will  be  ever  remem- 
bered by  the  people  of  the  neighbourhood. 
Fathers  O'Reilly  and  Fleming  also  were  con- 
stantly engaged  in  errands  or  mercy  in  other 
parts  of  the  district.  Father  O'Reilly  entered 
Boland's  mill,  under  cross  fire,  to  attend  some 
dying  Sinn  Feiners.  These  oriests  were  also 
conspicuous  at  the  Mount  street  Bridge  battle. 
Dr.  O'Brien,  of  the  Skin  and  Cancer  Hospital, 
co-operated  in  all  efforts  at  the  Maternity  Hos- 
pital to  alleviate  the  sufferings  of  the  poor, 
and  also  put  his  hospital  at  the  disposal  of 
the  wounded.  During  the  critical  time  the 
hospital  staff  managed  to  reach  the  urgent 
maternity  cases,  as  well  as  many  of  the  sick 
not  normally  within  the  hospital's  sphere  ol 
activities. 

JERVIS   STREET. 

In  the  thick  of  the  battle  between  rebel 
snipers  and  the  military,  Jervis  street  Hospi- 
tal was  several  times  hit  by  bullets.  This  did 
not  prevent  the  doctors  and  nurses  of  that  in- 
stitution from  performing  their  duties  in  at 
heroic  manner.  They  were  on  duty  constantly, 
it  may  be  said,  from  the  afternoon  of  Easter 
Monday,  when  the  first  cases  which  were 
brought  in  were  four  dead  soldiers  and  a 
woman  who  had  been  shot  dead  near  her  Own 
door  in  Capel  street,  until  the  following  Mon- 
day. Altogether  between  GOO  and  700  cases 
were    dealt    with.     Except    for  the    cases    of 


looting,  and  a  small  number  of  street  acci- 
dent eases,  al!  were  bullet  wounds.  Forty- 
three  persons  died  in  the  hospital  and  about 
38  were  brought  in  dead.  Dr.  Louis  Byrne, 
the  City  Coroner,  was  always  there,  and  he 
gave  numerous  evidences  of  courage  and  devo- 
tion to  duty.  On  one  occasion,  assisted  by  a 
porter  of  the  hospital,  James  Dooley,  and  a 
civilian  whose  name  lias  not  transpired,  he 
went  out  at  night  and  rescued  a  soldier  who 
lay  badly  wounded  some  distance  from  the 
hospital.  He  was  assisted  with  unflagging 
zeal  by  Doctors  Keegan,  Stoker,  and  Hayden, 
staff  surgeons;  by  Doctors  O'Carroll.  Hughes, 
and  O'Connor,  house  surgeons,  and  by  resident 
students  Ryan  and  Murphy.  The  Matron 
(Miss  Kelly),  the  Assistant  Matron  (Miss 
Gavigan),  the  Rev  Mother,  and  the  Sisters 
joined  with  the  staff  &S  nurses  in  doing  all 
that  was  possible  for  the  relief  and  comfort 
of  the  wounded. 

MATER     MISERICCRDIAE. 

The  Mater  Hospital,  under  the  care  of  the 
Sisters  of  Mercy,  being  in  the  centre  of  an 
area  where  some  very  keen  Sighting  took 
place,  was  called  upon  to  desil  with  a  very 
heavy  casualty  list.  The  medical  and  nursing 
staffs  worked  energetically  both  day  and 
night,  and  spared  no  efforts  to  relieve  the 
sufferings   of   the   wounded. 

DR.  STEEVENS'. 

Over  one  hundred  cases  were  treated  in  Dr. 
Steevens'  Hospital  during  the  week  of  disturb- 
ance, and  the  medical  staff  and  the  nursing 
staff  (under  the  superintendence  of  Miss 
Phillips)  were  constantly  on  duty  during  that 
very  trying  time. 

ST.  VINCENT'S. 

The  first  victims  of  the  rebellion  received 
at  St.  Vincent's  Hospital  were  brought  in  be- 
tween 12  and  1  o'clock  on  Easter  Monday. 
They  were  two  civilians  and  both  were  dead. 
About  45  persons  were  dealt  with  altogether, 
nine  of  which  were  either  brought  in  dead  or 
died  soon  after  admission.  The  hospital  was 
struck  once  or  twice  by  bullets,  one  of  which 
passed  through  the  window  of  the  Mother 
Superior's  room,  but  nobody  was  injured. 
Several  members  of  the  medical  staff,  at  great 
personal  risk,  went  out  with  stretchers  and 
brought  in  cases  from  the  Green  and  else- 
where. There  was  no  difficulty  in  getting 
supplies  of  food,  and  on  one  day  Doctor  Day,  of 
Cork  street  Hocpital,  brought  a  supply  of 
bread  to  the  hospital  and  succeeded  in  bring- 
ing supplies  to  several  other  places  as  well. 
Surgeon  Kennedy  and  Surgeon  Tobin  at- 
tended to  the  operations,  and  Doctors  Shaw, 
O'Hea,  Meenan,  Dargan,  and  Courtney,  the 
nursing  staffs  and  the  students  were  untiring 
in  their  efforts. 

MERCER'S. 

There  were  about  130  persons  treated  for 
gunshot  wound's  at  Mercer's  Hospital  during 
the  rebellion.  The  cases  were  attended  to  by 
Surgeon  Maunsell,  Surgeon  Wheeler,  and  Dr. 


C.  F.    Coyne,  who  were  ably  assisted  by  the 
nursing  staff  under  Miss  Jordan  (Matron.) 

RICHMOND. 

Richmond  Hospital  is  the  centre  of  an  area 
in  which  considerable  fighting  took  place  dur- 
ing the  rebellion.  Soon  after  midday  on 
Easter  Monday  Father  Albert,  a  priest  f.vm 
Church  street,  brought  in  the  body  of  a 
child,  shot  through  the  head.  Early  in  the 
day  the  insurgents  took  possession  of  the 
telephone  at  the  Old  Richmond,  and  it  was 
only  after  vigorous  protest  that  they  agreed 
to  regard  the  Richmond  Hospital  as  neutral 
territory.  Throughout  the  week,  however, 
they  came  and'  went  freely  at  the  hospital, 
visiting  their  wounded  or  inquiring  about 
them.  Sir  Thomas  Myles,  Dr.  O'Carroll,  and 
Dr.  Alfred  Boyd,  anaesthetist,  spent  the  week 
assisting  the  resident  staff.  When  it  was  seen 
that  the  trouble  had  become  general,  and  was 
likely  to  continue,  the  patients  were  cleared 
from  the  male  ward  into  the  North  Dublin 
Union  and  the  auxiliary  hospitals  to  make 
room  for  casualties,  which  numbered  about 
three  hundred  during  the  week.  The  majority 
of  the  men  were  civilians,  many  of  them 
adults  injured  while  trying,  under  *fire,  to  get 
food  for  their  families.  As  the  danger  in- 
creased the  beds  were  placed  on  the  floor  to 
avoid  bullets  fired  from  the  housetops.  In  the 
middle  of  the  week  food  ran  short  at  the 
hospital,  and  Miss  Hezlett,  the  lady  superin- 
tendent, co-operated  in  the  organisation  of  an' 
expedition  to  obtain  more.  On  a  white  sheet 
the  words  "Richmond  Hospital  Supplies" 
were  marked  with  black  tape,  and  Dr.  Pol- 
lock and  two  students  bearing  this  banner 
took  out  a  borrowed  horse  and  cart.  Passing 
several  times  through  tli9  firing,  the  expedi- 
tion reached  the  south  side  of  the  city,  and 
returned  safely  with  supplies.  The'  num- 
ber of  persons  treated  during  the  week 
for  bullet  wounds  and  detained  was  37,  and 
about  100  had  their  wounds  dressed  and  were 
discharged.  The  large  number  of  cases 
treated  put  a  severe  strain  on  the  energies  of 
the  surgical,  medical,  and  nursing  staffs.  At 
a  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Governors  on  12th 
May  a  letter  was  read  from  the  three  mem- 
bers of  the  Visiting  Staff  (Dr.  O'Carroll.  Sir 
Thomas  Myles,  and  Dr.  Boyd),  who  remained 
on  duty  in  the  hospitals  during  the  week  of 
the  rebellion,  drawing  the  Board's  attention 
to  the  courageous  way  in  which  the  entire 
resident  medical  and  nursing  staffs  and  ser- 
vants devoted  themselves  to  the  service  of 
the  hospitals  during  that  very  trying  time.  A 
resolution  of  thanks  and  gratitude  was.  there- 
fore, passed  in  their  favour.  The  following 
resolution  was  passed  unanimously  : — 

"  The  Board  of  Governors,  at  their  first 
meeting  after  the  recent  rebellious  outbreak, 
wish  to  place  on  record  their  high  apprecia- 
tion of  the  devotion  to  duty  displayed  by  the 
members  of  the  senior  visiting  stsrff,  Doctors 
O'GaitoII,  Sir  Thomas  Myles,  and  Boyd.  Dur- 
ing the  entire  period  of  disturbance  they  re- 
mained night  and  day  at  the  hospital  doinjf 
everything  that  was  possible  for  the  injured, 


236 


and,  by  their  example  and  guidance,  safe- 
guarding the  hospital,  and  showing,  in  the 
face  of  extreme  danger  and  difficulty,  a  loyal 
attachment  to  their  duty,  which  the  Board 
feel  will  ever  live  as  an  honour  to  them  per- 
sonally and  to  their  profession."  The  Secre- 
tary reported  that  during  the  above  trouble 
the.  Master  of  the  North  Dublin  Union,  Mr. 
D.  Fagan,  had  shown  great  kindness  to  the 
hospitals  by  supplying  them  with  bread, 
groceries,  butter,  and  eggs,  which  could  not 
be  obtained  elsewhere  at  the  time.  He  was 
directed  to  convey  to  Mr.  Fagan  the  Board's 
most  cordial  thanks  for  the  invaluable  assist- 
ance he  had  given  to  the  hospitals  during  the 
period  of  the  disturbance. 

DUBLIN     CASTLE     RED     CROSS. 

There  -were  only  sixty -seven  wounded  sol- 
diers from  France  in  the  Dublin  Castle  Red' 
Cross  Hospital  on  Easter  Monday  when  the 
Sinn  Fein  rebels  made  their  futile  attack 
upon  the  Castle,  but  from  that  night  the 
medical  and  nursing  staff  had  a  very  strenuous 
time.  For  five  days  ana'  nights  Dr.  W.  K.' 
L'arew,  the  Medical  Superintendent,  had  not 
changed  his  clothes,  so  great  was  the  demand 
upon  his  services,  and  he  was  ably  assisted 
by  Surgeons  Stoke.s  and  Tobin,  and  by  Dr.  P. 
J.  O'Farrell.  The  nursing  staff,  under  Miss 
Taylor,  Matron,  and  the  resident  pupils, 
Messrs.  Steele,,  McDonagh,  and  Doyle,  per- 
formed noble  duty  all  the  time,  and  had  little 
or  no  rest.  They  were  reinforced  by  members 
of  the  Voluntary  Aid  Detachment.  One 
hundred  and  eighteen  wounded  soldiers  were 
brought  in,  and  in  addition  to  these,  thirty- 
four  wounded  members  of  the  Sinn  Fein 
party,  twenty  civilians,  and  two  police  con- 
stables received  the  attention  of  the  medical 
and  nursing  staff.  Thirty-six  deaths  occurred. 
All  these,  ar-1  about  thirty  others-  who  were 
brought  from  other  hospitals,  were  interred 
in  the  garden  at  the  rear  of  the  Castle,  but 
some  of  them  were  subsequently  transferred 
elsewhere  for  reinterment. 

ROTUNDA. 

The  condition  of  the  Rotunda  Hospital  dur- 
ing Easter  week  was  described  to  a  meet- 
ing of  the  Board  of  directors  st  which  a 
report  by  Miss  Ramsden,  the  Lady  Super- 
intendent, was  read.  This  showed  that  every 
one  had  an  extremely  anxious  time.  "Tv!o 
bullets  entered  Ward*  7,  causing  great  alarm 
to  the  patients,  who  were  then  "moved  out  to 
the  back  of  the  hospital.  The  hospital  be- 
came very  full;  on  one  day  there  were  113 
patients  in  the  wards.  Owing  to  the  holidays 
supplies  had  almosl  run  out,  and  the  situation 
outside  was  so  very  serious  that  the  trades- 
people could  not  deliver  the  goods,  though 
milk  was  sent  in  up  to  the  27th  u{,  vein 
great  risk.  Then  for  I  wo  dav.s  we  had  nom- 
Rxtrerae  economy  had  to  be  practised  but 
owing  to  (he  kind  assistance  of  Mr.  Kennedy 
Mr.  Conway,  and  Messrs.  J.  L.  Byrne,  Ltd. 
of  Great  Britain  street,  who  supplied  different 
Articles  of  food,  Buffering  from  want  was 
avoided      Our    best    thanks    are    clue    to    these 


tradespeople,  and  especially  to  Mr.  Kennedy, 
who  sent  down  a  vanload  of  bread  ;  other- 
wise we  should  have  been  entirely  without. 
His.vanman  on  leaving  the  hospital  was  fired 
at  and  the  van  searched  by  the  rebels.  For- 
tunately, the  man  was  unharmed.  The 
highest  praise  is  due  to  our  own  men,  who 
risked  their  lives  going  across  the  city  on 
two  occasions  for  meat,  and  in  every  possible 
way  they  gave  me  most  valuable  assistance. 
The  gas  was  cut  off  on  Tuesday  morning,  and 
the  electricity  on  Wednesday,  and  our  having 
to  work  in  semi-darkness  added  to  the  diffi- 
culties of  the  situation.  The  nursing  staff, 
however,  maintained  a  wonderful  degree  ol 
calmness  under  the  great  stress  of  work  to  the 
accompaniment  of  roaring  cannon  and  fire- 
arms of  every  description.  They  cheerfully 
a~ccepted  the  limited  rations,  and  worked  un- 
ceasingly for  the  welfare  of  the  patients. 
Many  wounded  were  treated  in  the  dispensary, 
some  cases  being  very  serious,  and  three 
deaths  took  place.  Dr.  Simpson  and  Dr. 
Gilmor,  Assistant  Masters,  with  Dr.  Datt& 
and  the  students,  woiked  unceasingly  both  in- 
doors and  outside  at  great  personal  risk." 

The  Board  called  Miss  Ramsden  before 
them,  and  thanked  her  for  her  very  successful 
efforts  in  catering  for  the  patients  arid  staff 
under  circumstances  of  unprecedented  diffi- 
culty, and  also  accorded  the  whole  staff  of  the 
hospital  best  thanks  for  their  devotion  to  duty. 

ADELAIDE. 

During  the  rebellion  there  were  admitted 
to  the  Adelaide  Hospital  the  following : — ■ 
Dead,  soldiers,  4:  civilian,  1;  wounded, 
soldiers  and  civilians,  70,  who  received  treat- 
ment and  of  whom  four  died  of  their  woun  Is. 
At  the  meeting  of  the  Managing  Committee  on 
Tuesday,  16th  May,  the  following  resolution 
was  unanimously  adopted  : — 

"  At  this,  the  first  meeting  of  the  Com- 
mittee of  Management  held  since  the  recent 
outbreak  of  rebellion  in  Dublin,  the  Commit- 
tee recognise  the  very  great  danger  in  which 
the  Hospital  was  placed.  They  desire,  in  the 
first  instance,  to  record  their  profound  thank- 
fulness to  Almighty  Cod  for  His  great  mercy, 
man:fested  in  the  preservation  of  the  lives  of 
the  inmates  of  the  Hospital,  and  of  the  pre- 
mises. The  Committee  wish  to  express  their 
sincere  gratitude  to  Lhe  members  of  the  staff 
and  household  for  the  courageous  and  efficient 
manner  in  which  they  attended  to  the  in- 
terests and  safety  of  the  patients.  They  de- 
sire specially  to  thank  Mr.  L.  G.  Gunn  and 
Dr.  Geo.  Peacocke,  both  of  whom  remained 
in  the  hospital  day  and  night  attending  to 
the  wants  of  Lhe  patients,  and  who,  by  their 
practical  advice,  aided  Miss  Hill  (the  Matron) 
in  her  arduous  duties.  The  Committee  sin- 
cerely thank  the  Matron,  the  sisters,  the 
nurses,  and  all  the  staff  of  the  hospital  for 
their  single  hearted  devotion  to  duty  during  a 
time  of  gieat  anxiety.  They  also  warmly 
thank  the  Rev.  H.  Northridge  for  his  efforts 
and  work,  as  weU  ff>s  Dr.  Fishe  (House  Sur- 
geon), (he  resident!.,  and  the  Registrar,  for 
the   faithful    way   in  which  all  did   their  duty 


237 


tinder  the  most  trying  and  difficult  conditions. 
They  cannot  adequately  express  their  gratitude 
for  the  loyalty  and  courage  shown  by  all  in  a 
time  of  great  danger,  and  under  trying  and 
difficult  conditions." 

ROYAL    VICTORIA    EYE    AND    EAR. 

The  following  report  by  Miss  Reeves,  the 
Matron,  was  placed  before  the  Council  at  its 
first  meeting  in  May — On  Tuesday.  April  25th, 
at  6  a.m.,  a  soldier  came  in  having  been  shot 
through  the  legs  in  Leeson  street.  On  Thurs- 
day, April  27th,  there  were  thirty  empty  beds 
here,  and  hearing  the  Royal  City  of  Dublin 
Hospital  was  over-crowded,  I  told  Dr.  Stoney 
that  we  could  take  some  patients.  Forty-two 
soldiers  were  immediately  sent  over,  13  were 
convalescent  patients,  and  the  remainder 
Sherwood  Foresters  who  had  come  in  the 
night  before,  some  only  suffering  from  shock, 
but  three  or  four  with  fairly  serious  wounds. 
Three  more  soldiers  came  here  direct,  making 
a  total  of  4b  soldiers.  The  total  number  of 
patients  in  Hospital  on  this  day  w^as  116.  On 
May  5th  we  weie  asked  to  take  seven  civilians 
who  had  been  injured  during  the  riots  and 
treated  at  40  Merrion  square,  as  that  tem- 
porary hospital  was  being  closed.  Very  great 
difficulty  was  experienced  for  several  days  in 
getting  sufficient  food.  Milk  and  meat  came 
regularly,  but  it  was  impossible  to  get  sugar 
or  butter,  and  for  two  days  the  bread  van 
failed  to  come.  However,  by  sending  a 
message  to  the  Castle  we  were  able  to  get 
enough.  The  diet  was  considerably  restricted 
for  five  or  six  days,  but  I  do  not  think  that 
anyone  was  hungry.  l)i.  T.  E.  Gordon  very 
kindly  looked  after  and  operated  on  any  cases 
that  required  it,  and  Dr.  E.  Watson  took  X- 
ray  photographs  which  were  needed,  as  it  was 
impossible  to  get  in  touch  with  Dr.  Haughton. 
The  neighbours,  Rev.  Wm.  Baillie,  Mrs.  Le 
Peton,  Mrs.  O'Donnell,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Leggett 
Bvrne,  and  Mrs.  Ring  kindly  lent  beds  and 
offered  sleeping  accommodation  for  any 
soldiers  who  were  able  to  he  up  and  about. 
'Several  shots  were  fired  into  the  sanitarv 
Mock  of  the  east  end  6f  the  Hospital,  and  one 
into  the  out-patient  denartrnent,  but  no  one 
was  injured.  Fifteen  of  the  soldiers  were  dis- 
charged or«  May  the  10th  (it  for  duty,  sixteen 
were  transfened  to  King  George  V.  Hospital 
on  May  13th.  and  twelve  more  we  expect 
to  send  away  this  week.  There  was  a  great 
deal  of  shooting  and  sniping  all  round  this 
locality  almost  all  the  time,  which  made  it 
most  dangerous  for  anyone  approaching  or 
leaving  the  Hospital. 

CITY  HOSPITAL.   HOLLES  STREET. 

At   the    May      monthly      meeting   of      the ' 
Managing  Committee  of  the  City  Hospital  for 
Diseases    of    the    Skin  and    Cancer,    Rev.    P. 

•  Havden    presiding,    the    following    resolution, 
which    was    proposed    by    W.    Ireland,    J.P,, 

-seconded   by   the  Rev.   Chairman,   was  passed 

i  unanimously  :'■ — 

"The    Managing  >  Committee    at    this    their 
first  meeting  after  the  recent  unhappy  revolt, 

'  hasten    to    place    on    record    an    expression    of 
their  deep  sense  of  appreciation  of  the  valour 


and  unflagging  devotion  to  duty  displayed  by 
a  member  of  our  honorary  medical  staff,  C.  M. 
O'Brien,  Esq.,  M.D.,  not  only  during  the  now 
historic  battle  of  Mount  street  Bridge,  in 
which  he  played  a  fearless  and  humane  part 
under  fire,  worthy  of  the  best  traditions  of  a 
noble  profession,  but  more  especially  for  his 
great  foresight  and  administrative  capacity 
in  throwing  open  this  specialised  hospital  for 
the  admission  of  the  wounded,  so  as  to  cope 
with  the  unprecedented  unforeseen  demands 
for  hospital  accommodation   elsewhere." 

In  connection  with  the  commissariat,  the 
Committee  expressed  their  obligations  to 
Messrs.  Boland,  Ltd.,  for  their  generous 
supply  of  bread  not  only  for  the  intern 
patients,  but  also  for  the  sick  and  hungry 
poor  attending  the  dispensaries.  The  Com- 
mittee placed  on  record  the  great  assistance 
which  they  received  from  the  Royal  Irish 
Automobile  Club,  Dawson  street,  through 
their  courteous  Secretary,  Mr.  Chaytor,  for 
the  supply  of  ambulance  for  removal  of  the 
wounded  to  and  from  this  hospital,  and  also 
for  the  supply  of  ambulance  to  bring  bread 
from  Messrs.   Boland's  bakeries. 

The  Committee  recognised  the  whole-hearted 
and  valuable  assistance  which  the  hospital  re- 
ceived from  the  Rev.  Thos.  McNevin,  C.C., 
who  kindly  volunteered  his  services,  and  ac- 
companied Dr.  O'Brien  to  Messrs.  Boland's 
bakeries,  Ringsend,  at  a  time  when  the  scheme 
was  attended  with  the  utmost  danger  to  life. 
Father  McNevin  afterwards  assisted  in  the  dis- 
tribution of  the  bread  to  many  of  the  city 
hospitals  and  the  hungry  poor  outside. 

The  Committee  felt  grateful  for  the  kind 
and  generous  assistance  unstintingly  rendered 
by  Dr.  White,  the  Master  of  the  National 
Maternity  Hospital,  and  the  Lady  Superin- 
tendent, who  vounteered  meat,  bread,  and 
butter  to  tide  over  the  very  acute  crisis  of 
this  hospital.  The  Matron  of  the  hospital  is 
Miss   McGauran. 

MEATH. 

At  the  Meath  Hospital  34  persons  were  ad- 
mitted, and  46  were  treated  but  not  admitted, 
and  twelve  deaths  occurred  from  bullet 
wounds.  At  the  annual  meeting;  of  the  Go- 
vernors a  resolution  was  passed  recording 
their  appreciation  ot  the  untiring  and  invalu- 
able services  rendered  both  by  day  and  night 
during  the  critical  fortnight  of  the  rebellion, 
by  the  medical,  surgical,  and  nursing  staffs, 
the  students  past  and  present  of  the  hospital, 
and  the  servants  of  the  institution,  and  thank- 
ing all  concerned  for  their  self-denying  loyalty 
to  duty.  The  Matron  of  the  hospital  is  Miss 
Bradburne. 

THE  COOMBE. 

A  word  of  praise  is  due  to  the  staff  of  the 
Coombe  Hospital  for  the  work  they  did,  both 
in  attending  the  numerous  cases  and  also  for 
having  given  shelter  to  many  poor  women 
and'  children'  for  safety.  '  Owing  to  the  de- 
mands made  on  the  hospital  'resources,,  the 
staff  was  kept  going  day  and  faTg'hx.  close  on 
thirty  cases  having  been  treated  for  wounds 
at  the  hospital  and  a  large  number  attended 
outside.     Miss  O'Carroll,  the  Matron,  and  the 


233 


Rev.  Peter  Monahan,  of  Francis  street  Pres- 
bytery, who  assisted  at  the  hospital  and  in 
the  surrounding  district,  and  worked  inde- 
fatigably  to  secure  food  for  the  poor  of  this 
congested  area,  were  specially  thanked  by  the 
directors  for  their  services,  and  the  Matron 
was  instructed  to  convey  the  thanks  of  the 
board  to  the  whole  staff. 

DUBLIN    UNIVERSITY  V.A.D. 

This  hospital,  at  19  Mountjoy  square,  was 
in  charge  of  Sister  Gertrude  Wood  when  the 
disturbance  broke  out  on  Easter  Monday,  the 
commandant  of  the  detachment  being  in  the 
country  for  Easter.  Sister  Wood  opened  the 
hospital,  assisted  by  Miss  Hannan  and  one  St. 
John  Ambulance  dresser  (Arthur  Bacon).  The 
military  authorities  sent  a  surgeon,  Captain 
Friar,  TLA.M.C,  to  take  medical  charge. 
With  this  small  staff  the  hospital  did  excellent 
work,  no  outside  help  being  able  to  reach 
them  during  the  week."  The  hospital  premises 
were  attacked  by  the  rebels  from  adjacent 
houses,  during  the  earlier  part  of  the  distur- 
bance. 


NATIONAL    CHILDREN'S. 

Very  useful  and  practical  work  was  dona 
by  the  medical  and  nursing  staff  of  the 
National  Children's  Hospital,  Harcourt  street. 
Several  serious  cases  suffering  from  bullet 
wounds  occurring  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Harcourt  street  were  admitted.  The  Matron, 
Miss  Geraldine  Mathews  went  out  in  Har- 
court street  to  the  assistance  of  a  wounded 
man  regardless  of  a  shower  of  bullets  which 
she  encountered  on  her  way,  as  a  rebel  at  the 
time  was  trying  to  escape  down  the  street  on 
a  bicycle,  and  he  was  fired  at  bv  the  soldiers 
stationed  at  Harcourt  street  Railway  Station. 
Assisted  by  Dr.  R.  Lane  Joynt  Miss  Mathews 
conveyed  the  patient  on  a  stretcher  to  the  pri- 
vate hospital  attached  to  the  Children's  Hospi- 
tal, and  afterwards  brought  in  two  women  who 
were  shot  at  the  same  time.  Two  of  her 
brave  nurses,  Bookless  and  Dawson,  and  Mr. 
Barrett,  resident  surgeon,  rendered  valuable 
assistance  in  conveying  the  patients  to  the 
hospital,  where  they  were  placed  under  the 
care  oi  Sir  Lambert  H.  Ormsby,  F.R.C.S.,  and 
Dr.  R.  S.  Wayland,  members  of  the  hospital 
staff. 


STAMPS  USED  BY  THE  REBELS. 


Herewith  are  reproduced  fac-similes  of  seve- 
ral stamps  which  acquired  an  exaggerate  1 
value  for  a  short  time  after  the  re  I  eilion  by 
reason  of  the  belief  that  they  had  been  spe- 
cially prepared  for  postal  service  under  an 
Irish  Republic.  The  small  stamps  shown 
have  been  in  circulation  for  years,  and 
evidence  exists  that  the  one  with  the 
harp  was  on  an  envelope  that  passed 
through  the  post  as  long  ago  as  1908.  The 
other  with  the  cross  design  also  passed  through 
the  post  more  recently.  The  stamps  were 
sold  at  half  a  crown  the  gross,  the  idea  being 
to  use  them  as  a  means  of  propagating  Sinn 
I'pin  ideas,  and  raising  money  at  the  same 
timo.  "  It  u,"  said  the  Sinn  Vein  newspaper 
some  years  ago,  "  to  make  the_  sign  of  Irish 
nationhood  to  the  other  nations  that  the 
stamp  was  designed.  It  is  fulfilling  that  de- 
Bit^n  as  the  Finnish  stamp  some  vears  ago  ful- 
filled a  like  design  in  calling  the  attention  of 
the  world  to  the  fact  that  Finland  was  no  pro- 
vince of  Russia,  but  a  nation  despoiled,  but, 
gep&rate      and      distinct,    asscitin.-'^     indivi- 


duality, and  defending  its  liberties  against 
foreign  despotism."  The  larger  stamp  with 
the  thre^e  heads  on  it  was  first  used  on  a  Man- 
chester martyrs  anniversary  some  years  ago, 
and  has  been  cur1  cut  ever  since.  Ihe  heads 
are  those  oi  .Mien,  Larkin,  and  O'Brien,  who 
were  executed  at  Manchester  in  the  sixties, 
and  under  the  shamrock  are  the  words  "  Cod 
save  Ireland."  The  cross  stamp  is  printed  in 
black  and  blue,  and  the  other  with  the  harp 
is  in  yellow,  green,  and  white,  the  colours 
of  the  rebels.  The  martyrs  stamp  is  also  in 
the  same  colours.  Among  other  bogus  stamps 
of  English  manufacture  is  one  printed  several 
yens  ago  showing  in  the  centre  a  harpist  with 
a  frame' of  shamrock  and  other  Irish  emblems, 
and  under  the  words  "  Provisional  Govern- 
in; -nl.,  -Ireland  —  Imperial    Union." 

At  an  auction  in  Messrs.  Bennett's  rooms, 
Ormond  quay,  on  26th  January,  1917,  a  pair 
of  Ihe  stamps  shown  on  the  left  was  sold  for 
20s.,  and  a  set  of  twentj  I  wo  of  the  stamps 
shown  on  the  right  was  sold  for  £1  12s.  6d, 


233 


THE  GOVERNMENT  OF  IRELAND. 


RESIGNATION    OF    EXECUTIVE. 

A  direct  result  of  the  rebellion  was  the  re- 
signation of 

Lord  Wimborne,  the  Lord  Lieutenant  ; 

Tb"  Right  Hon.  Augustine  Birrell,  Chief 
Secretary,  aad 

Sir  Matthew  Nathan,  Under  Secretary. 

The  place  of  the  last-mentioned  was  taken 
by  Sir  Robert  Chalmers  immediately  after  the 
rising  had  been  suppressed,  but  the  office  of 
Chief  Secretary  was  not  filled  until  the  ap- 
pointment of  Mr.  H.  E.  Duke,  K.C.,  on  Mon- 
day, 31st  July,  1916.  The  position  of  Lord 
Lieutenant  remained  vacant  till  August  4, 
1916,  when  it  was  Announced  that  Lord  Wim- 
borne had  been  re  appointed. 

On  Monday,  83rd  October,  1916,  it  was 
officially  a,nnouncsd  that  Sir  William  Patrick 
Byrne  bad  been  appointed  Under  Secretary. 

MR.     BIRRELL     AND     MR.     REDMOND    SHARE 
THE    BLAME. 

Mr.  Birrell  was  in  London  when  the  out- 
break occurred,  but  he  travelled  from  Holy- 
head to  Dublin  in  a  destroyer,  and  remained 
in  the  city  until  Tuesday,  2nd'  May.  The  fol- 
lowing day  his  resignation  oi  die  office  of 
Chief  Secretary  was  announced,  and  in  the 
House  of  Commons  the  same  afternoon  Mr. 
Birrell  admitted  that  he  had  under-estimated 
the  Sinn  Fein  movement.  At  the  same  time 
jslr.  John  Efedmcnd  said  he  felt  that  he  had 
incurred'  some  share  of  the  blame,  „s  Mr.  Bir- 
rell might  have  been  influenced  by  what  he 
said. 

MR.      DILLON'S      REMARKABLE      SPEECH. 

A  remarkable  speech  was  made  by  Mr.  John 
Dillon,  MP.',  in  the  House  of  Commons  on 
Thursday,  11th  May,  when  he  demanded  that 
the  executions  of  the  rebels  be  stopped,  and 
declared'  that  the  life  work  of  the  Nationalist 
Party  was  being  washed  out  in  a  sea  of  blood. 
"  I  do  not  come  here  to  raise  one  word  of 
defence  of  murder,"  said  Mr.  Dillon.  "  If 
there  be  a  case  of  cold-blooded  murder,  by 
all  means  try  the  mm  openly  before  a  court- 
martial  if  you  like,  but  let  the  public  know 
what  the  evidence  is  and  prove  that  he  is  a 
murderer,  and  then  do  what  you  like  with 
hint.  Hut  it  is  not  murderers  who  are  being 
executed;  it  is  insurgents  who  have  fought 
clean  fight,  a  brave  fight,  however  mis- 
guided, and,"  he  continued,  in  reply  to  some 
Unionist  interruptions,  "it  would  be  a  damned 
good  tiling  for  you  if  your  soldiers  were  able 
to  put  up  as  good  a  fight-  as  did  these  men  in 
Dull'." — three  thousand  nun  against  twenty 
thout-iiUl  with  machine  guns  and  artillery." 


MR.  ASQUITH'3  SURPRISE.     . 

The  Prime  Minister  s\»rang  a  surprise  on 
the  House  of  Commons  on  Thursday,  11th 
May,  by  announcing  his  intention  of  proceed- 
ing to  Ireland.  Mr.  Asquith  arrived  in  Dub- 
lin next  morning,  Friday,  12th,  and  remained 
there  until  Monday,  15th,  when  he  travelled 
to  Belfast,  and  returned  to  the  capital  in  the 
evening.  On  Thursday,  18th,  he  left  Dublin 
for  Cork,  and  after  a  stay  of  some  hours  there 
proceeded  to  London.  The  Prime  Minister's 
time  in  Ireland  was  spent  in  conferring   with 


Photo  bvl 


[Elliott   arirl    Fry. 


Mr.    H.   E.   DUKE,    K.C.,    M  P.,    New  Chief 

Seci-eiary    of    Iratandl. 

representatives  of  all  classes  of  Lhe  populace, 
and  he  devoted  an  afternoon  in  Dublin  to  visit- 
ing the  Sinn  Fein  prisoners  in  BicUmcmd 
Barracks,  many  of  whom  he  entered  into  con- 
versation with.  On  Weduesda^y,  17th  May, 
he  attended  a  meeting  of  the  Privy  Council 
in  Dublin  Castle,  and  was  sworn  a  member  of 
that   body. 

OPPORTUNITY    FOR    SETTLEMENT. 

In  the  House  of  Commons  on  Thursday,  25th 
May,  the  Prime  Minister,  referring  ta 
his  visit  to  Ireland,  ;a  I  the  two  domi- 
nant impressions  I  eft  in  '.'..-  mind  were 
that     the     existing  nei  ■,     of     Irish     ad- 

munstratiora  had  brol<  n  down,  and  that  there 
was   au    fclLiost   universal    belief   among  repr©-. 

1  1 


240 


sentative  Irishmen  that  there  was  now  a 
unique  opportunity  for  a  settlement  of  out- 
standing problems  by  general  consent.  Pro- 
ceeding Mr.  Asquith  said — 

The  Government  is  anxious  to  do  everything^ 
in  its  power  to  facilitate  such  a  settlement. 
My  right  hon.  friend  who  sits  beside  me  (Mr, 
Lloyd"  George)  has  undertaken  to  devote  hi& 
time  and  energy  and  powers  to  the  prosecu- 
tion of  that  desire,  and  if  as  I  believe  there 
is  among  Irishmen,  no  less  than  among  the 
peopie  of  Great  Britain,  an  honest  and  a 
resolute  desire  to  take  advantage  of  this 
opportunity  for  the  attainment  of  that  which 
*o  us.  and  tho  nation  and  Empire,  I  do  not 
hesitate  to  say,  is  the  greatest  boon  we  could 
•jossiblv   achieve 


"£W    HOME   RULE    PROPOSALS. 

Mr.  Lloyd  George  had  numerous  confer- 
ences in  London  with  the  leaders  of  the  Irish 
political  parties  immediately  following  the 
Premier's  statement,  but  the  right  hon. 
gentleman  did  not  visit  Ireland. 

A  meeting  of  the  Irish  Nationalist  Party 
was  held  in  the  Mansion  House,  Dublin,  on 
Saturday,  10th  June,  when  Mr.  John  Red- 
mond, who  presided,  intimated  that  the  pro- 
posals of  Mr.  Lloyd  George  were,  in  sub- 
stance,  as   follows: — 

(1)  To  bring  the  Home  Rule  Ad,  into  lir.me- 
diate  operation. 

(2)  To  introduce  at  once  an  Amending  Bill, 
as  a  strictly  War  Emergency  Act.  to  cover 
only  the  period  of  the  war  and  a  short  speci- 
fied interval  after  it. 

(3)  During  that  period  the  Irish  members 
to  remain  at  Westminster  in  their  full  num- 
bers. 

|4)  Lining  this  war  emergency  period  six 
U  si  r  counties  to  be  left  as  at  present  under 
the  Imperial  Government. 

;     Immediately  after  the  war.  an  Imperial 
of     representatives     from  all     the 
Donrii  ions    of   the   Empire   to   be  held   to   con- 
sider  the   future   government  of   the   Empire', 
i     i    I  ion   of  the  government  of 

)   Immediately   after   this  Conference,   and 

ided   for  by    the   War 

I  ucv   Act,   the  permanent  settlement  of 

he    great   outstanding   problems,   such  jm 

the   permanent  position  of  the  six  exempieo. 

counties,    the    question    of  finance    and    other 

which   cannot  be  dealt  with  during 

the  war,   would  be  proceeded  with. 

ULSTER     UNIONIST     COUNCIL     DECISION. 

A    full    meeting    of    the    Ulster    Unionist 
1  i  Id    on    Monday,    12th    June, 
in  the  Ulster  .Minor  Hall,  Belfast.    S 

g    was    held    in 

private,  and  at  the  close  the  following  official 
tepoi  t  led  : — 

The  adjorm.  d  meeting  of  the  Ulster 
JJnionist    Council    was    held    to  day.        It    was 


v«ry  largely  attended,  and  Sir  Edward  Carson 
presided. 

The  following  protest  was  entered  by  the 
delegates  of  the  Counties  of  Cavan,  Monaghan, 
and  Donegal : — 

"  That  we  protest  in  the  strongest  pos- 
sible manner  against  the  proposals  of  the 
Government  to  revive  the  Home  Rule  contro- 
versy, owing  to  the  continuance  of  the  war, 
and  during  the  absence  of  so  many 
Covenanters  serving  in  His  Majesty's  forces. 
And  we  further  protest,  on  behalf  of  those 
Covenanters  from  the  three  counties  we  re- 
present, against  any  settlement  of  the  Irish 
question,  which  excludes  them  from  Lister. 
But  if  the  six  counties  consider  the  safety  of 
the  Empire  depends  on  the  continuance  of 
the  negotiations  on  the  basis  suggested  by  the 
Government,  the  responsibility  must  be 
clearly  understood  to  be  theirs,  and  the  dele- 
gates of  the  three  counties  must  abide  by  their 
decision." 

After  full  discussion  the  following  resolu- 
tion was  passed  npm   con  : — 

We,  the  delegates  constituting  the  Ulster 
Unionist  Council,  representative  of  the  Union- 
ist  population  of  the  Province  of  Lister, 
having  considered  the  proposals  laid  before  us" 
for  an  adjustment  of  the  Home  Pule  question, 
on  the  basis  of  the  definite  exclusion  from  the 
Government  of  Ireland  Act  of  the  six  counties 
of  Ulster,  in  view  of  the  critical  situation  of 
the  Empire  arising  out  of  the  European  War, 
declare  as  follows  : — 

1.  That,  as  Unionists,  proud  of  our  citizen- 
ship in  the  United  Kingdom,  we  re-affirm  our 
unabated  abhorrence  of  the  policy  of  Lome 
Rule,  which  we  believe  to  Vj  dangerous  to 
the  security  of  the  Empire,  and  subversive  >f 
the  best  interests  alike  of  Ireland  and  of  the 
United  Kingdom  ;  and  we  decline  to  take  any 
responsibility  for  setting  up  such  a  form  of 
government   in    any    part   of   Ireland. 

2.  As,  however,  the  Cabinet,  which  is  reJ 
sponsible  for  the  government  of  the  country! 
is  of  opinion  that  it  will  tend  to  strengthen 
the  Empire  to  win  the  war  in  which  it  is  nov/ 

_od,  if  all  questions  connected  with 
:  :.  Pule  are  settled  now,  instead  of  as  ori- 
ginally agreed,  at  the  termination  of  the  warj 
and  as  the  suggestions  from  the  Covernmenf 
put  before  us  by  Sir  Edward  Carson  have 
been  made  with  that  view,  we  feel,  as  loyal 
citizens,  that  in  this  crisis  in  the  Empire's 
history  it  is  our  duty  to  make  sacrifices,  and 
we  consequently  authorise  Sir  Edward  Car- 
son to  continue  the  negotiations  on  the  basis 
of  the  suggestion  explained  to  this  mi 
and  to  complete  them  if  the  details  are  ar- 
ranged to  his  satisfaction. 

3.  And,  further,  we  hereby  pledge  our- 
selves as  follows: — That,  in  the  event  of  a 
settlement  being  arrived  at  on  the  basis 
abovo  mentioned,  we  shall  use  all  the  in- 
fluence, power,  and  resources  of  Ulster  (that 
is  to  say,  of  the  six  ((unities  to  be  excluded 
from  the  pun  e\i  of  tho  Act)  in  the  future 
for  the  protect  on  of  Unionists  in  the  Counties 
of  Ca'fan,  Mouaghan,  and  Donegal  against  in- 

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Hie    partition    sel'.ecii  ?. 


1   3 


242 


Justice  or  oppression  at  the  hands  of  the 
rish  Parliament  or  Government. 
4.  We  further  desire  to  make  it  clear  that 
if,  from  any  cause,  the  negotiations  referred 
to  prove  abortive,  we  reserve  to  ourselves 
complete  freedom  of  action  in  the  future  in 
opposition  to  the  whole  policy  of  Home  Rule 
for  Ireland. 

ULSTER     IRISH     NATIONALISTS'     DECISION. 

A  Convention  of  Nationalists  from  the 
fix  Ulster  counties  proposed'  to  be  excluded 
from  the  Government  of  Ireland  Act  under 
Mr.  Lloyd  George's  scheme  was  held  on 
Friday  (23rd  June)  in  St.  Mary's  Hall. 
Belfast. 

The  following  official  report  of  the  proceed- 
ings was  issued  at  night: — A  Conference  of  the 
^preventative  Nationalists  of  the  six  counties 
principally  affected  by  the  proposals  of  Mr. 
Lloyd  George  in  connection  with  the  govern- 
ment of  Ireland  was  held  to-day  in  St.  Mary's 
Hall,  Belfast,  at  12  o'clock  noon.  The  follow- 
ing was  the  basis  of  representation  : — 

1.  One  priest  in  each  parish  in  the  six 
counties. 

2.  .Nationalist  members  of  Parliament  in  the 
$ix   counties. 

3.  The  officers  of  the  Divisional  Executives 
of  the  LT.I.L.  for  each  constituency  in  the  six 
Bounties. 

4.  The  county  officers  of  the  Ancient  Order 
ti  Hibernians  and  the  district  officers  of  the 
Irish  National  Foresters  in  the  six  coupes. 

5.  All  Nationalist  members  of  elected  pub.-c 
boards  in  the  six   counties. 

6.  For  the  Cities  ,  I  Belfast  and  Berry  five 
additional  members,  elected  bv  the  executives 
of   the   U.J.L.,    i.N.F..    and    A.O.H. 

The  number  of  delegates  entitled  to  attend 
was  1.077;  the  number  actually  present  was 
776.  .Mr.  John  E.  Redmond,  M.P.,  Chairman 
of  the  Irish  Parliamentary  Party,  presided. 
The  Chairman  having  addressed  the  Confer- 
ence, Mr.  IVtrick  Dempsey,  J. P.,  T.C.,  Bel- 
fast   run;-  sed  (he  following  resolution  : — 

"That  this  Conference  of  representatives 
from  th<  Countries  of  Antrim.  Down.  Deny, 
"  '  Tyrone,  and  Fermanagh,  and  from 
C  Cities  of  Belfast  and  Deny,  having  con- 
sider d  the  proposals  of  Mr.  "Lloyd  George 
for  the  temporary  and  provisional  "settlement 
of  the  Irish  difficulty,  is  of  opinion  that  they 
should  be  accepted,  and  that  in  view  of  all 
the  circumstances  of  the  present  situtation 
in  Ireland,  they  offer  the  best  means  of 
carrying  on  the  fight  for  a  united  self-gover- 
ning  Ireland.  "- 

The  resolution  was  seconded  by  the  Very 
Hev.  Canon  McCartan,  P.P.,  V.F.,  Donagh- 
more,  Co.  Tyrone.  The  resolution  was  sup- 
ported by  the  Very  Rev.  Canon  Quinn.  P.P 
V.G.,  Camlough,  Co.  Armagh,  National 
Director  U.I.L.  ;  the  Very  Rev.  John  Nolan, 
P.P.,  V.F.,  Moneyglass,  Toomebridge,  Co. 
'Antrim;  Mr.  John  Dillon,  M.P. ;  and  Mr. 
Joseph  Devlin,  M.P.  The  resolution  was  op- 
',  ^oaedbyMr.  F.J.  O'Connor,  solicitor,  Craaghj 


Mr.  T.  McLoughlin,  IT.D  C,  Armagh;  th< 
Very  Rev.  V.  13.  MacFeely,  HA'.,  HI., 
Glendermot,  Waterside,  Derry  ;  the  Vei  y  Kev. 
Canon  Keown,  P.P.,  V.G.,  Ermi.-ki'len  ,  Mr. 
John  McGlone,  National  Director  C.I.L.,  Mid- 
Armagh  ;  and  Alderman  James  ivieCarrou, 
Deny  City. 

No  amendment  was  moved  to  the  resolu- 
tion, and  at  the  close  of  the  discussion  a 
division  was  taken  by  open  vote,  the  name 
of  every  delegate  being  read  out  from  the 
chair,  and  the  delegate  rising  in  his  place  and 
declaring  his  vote  "Yes"  or  "No."  Messrs. 
Daniel  McCann,  Belfast,  and  T.  J.  S.  Harbin- 
son,  solicitor,  Cookstovvn,  were  appointed 
scrutineers,  and  after  the  counting  of  the 
votes  announced  the  result  as  follows : — 
For  the  resolution,  475  ;  against,  265 — majority 
/or  the  resolution,  210.  The  proceedings, 
which  were  characterised  by  great  earnestness 
and  entire  good  feeling  throughout,  then  con- 
cluded. 

A   VITAL    DIFPERENCE. 

Following  publication  of  the  reports  of  the 
meetings  of  the  Nationalist  Party  and  Ulster 
Unionist  Council  a  vital  difference  of  opinion 
was  revealed.  The  Ulster  Unionist  Council 
maintained  that  the  exclusion  of  the  six  conn- 
ties  was  intended  to  be  final  and  definite,  and 
not  subject  to  any  reconsideration  at  the  ter- 
mination  of  the   war. 

The  Nationalists  on  the  other  hand  contended 
that  the  exclusion  of  the  six  counties  was  a 
temporary  expedient,  and  only  for  the  remain- 
ing period  of  the  war.  'the  whole  position, 
they  maintained,  would  be  open  to  revision  in 
the  conference  that  would  follow  the  conclu- 
sion of  peace. 

CABINET    MINISTER    RESIGNS. 

The  differences  of  opinion  caused  a  keen 
discussion  in  the  Press  regarding  the  de- 
tails of  the  proposed  bill.  The  Earl  of 
Selborne,  President  of  the  Board  of  Agricul- 
ture, resigned  from  the  Cabinet,  and  explained 
in  the  House  of  Lords  on  Tuesday,  27th  June, 
that  he  .understood  nothing  was  to  be  brought 
into  operation  until  the  conclusion  of  the  war, 
ami  when  he  found  it  was  intended  to  operate 
immediately  he  resigned. 

ORDER   IN    IRELAND. 

On  Tuesday,  11th  duly,  Lord  Lansdowne  made 
a  statement  in  the  House  of  Lords  regarding 
the  condition  of  Ireland  as  revealed  by. the 
report  of  the  Hardinge  Commission.  He  said? 
that  during  the  period  pending  the  passing  of 
the  Amending  Act  care  would  be  taken  to 
preserve  order  in  Ireland.  The  Government 
had  complete  confidence  in  Sir  John  Maxwell, 
who  would  have  the  assistance  of  40,000 
soldiers,  and  the  Defence  of  the  Realm  Act 
would  be  extended,  if  necessary.  There  was 
no  intention  to  erant  an  amnesty  to  prisoners, 
and  an  order  would  be  issued  prohibiting  the 
carrying  of  arms.  The  Government  also  pro- 
rored  to  have  recourse  to  trial  before  two 
resident  magistrates,  as  in  parts  of  Ireland'  it  ^ 
was  idle  to  expect  the  magistrates  or  ordinary 
jury  to  do  their  duty. 

,    1   4 


243 


Mr.  John  Redmond  next  day,  Wednesday, 
12th  July,  issued  a  statement  in  which  he  said 
he  regarded1  Lord  Lansdowne's  speech  as  "a 
gross  insult  to  Ireland,"  "  a  ueclaration  of 
war  on  the  Irish  Deople,"  and  "  the  announce- 
ment of  a  policy  of  coercion."  On  the  18th 
July  Mr.  Redmond  sent  the  Prime  Minister  a 
note  urging  the  immediate  production  of  the 
bill  for  the  settlement,  as  further  delay  would 
be  fatal. 


COLLAPSE    OF   THE  SCHEME. 

In  the  House  of  Commons  on  Monday,  24th 
July,  in  reply  to  questions  by  Mr.  John  Red- 
mond, 

Mr.  Asquith  said  that  the  agreement  come 
to  in  regard  to  Ireland  by  the  Secretary  for 
War,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Govern- 
ment, embodied  two  main  points,  which  were 
accepted  by  both  sections  of  the  Government, 
Unionists  and  Home  Rulers.  The  Unionists 
in  the  Cabinet  agreed  that  the  Go- 
vernment of  Ireland  Act  should  be 
put  into  imm  date  operation,  and, 
on  the  other  hand,  the  Home  Rulers  in  the 
Cabinet  agreed  that  six  Ulster  counties  should- 
not  be  brought  in,  except  by  their  own  con- 
sent and  on  the  express  authority  of  a  new 
Act  of  Parliament.  In  course  of  settling  the 
bill  to  give  effect  to  these  objects,  two  ques- 
tions aro:;e  which  required  cosi deration.  The 
first  was  as  to  the  form  in  which  the  exclu- 
sion of  the  Ulster  counties  should  be  provided 
for.  The  Government  believed  that  it  was 
common  ground  to  all  parties  to  the  agreement 
thit  this  area  should  not  be  subjected'  to 
automatic  inclusion,  and  they  did  not. propose 
to  do  more  than  make  that  sure.  The  other 
question  was  the  retention  afkr  Home  Rule 
,f  the  Irish  members  in  the  Tn_-.tr"7  Parlin- 
me..t  in  undiminished  number,  -  ;  provided 
for  by  one  of  the  heads  of  the  af"  icment.  Hut 
on  a  fu'l  examination  of  the  matter,  the  Go- 
vernment felt  that  they  could  not  the' 
agree  to,  or  have  any  expectation  (I 
House  of  Commons  could  be  broueht  to 
that  arrangement  as  continuing  after  tl 
election,  except  for  the  purpose  of  ai 
posed  altc'vtion  of  the  Government  of  Freland 
Act  or  the  \mendfng  Bill.  Mr.  Arouith  con- 
cluded : — With  this  explanation,  the  answer 
to  my  hon.  and  learned  friend  is  that  the  Go- 
vernment do  not  propose  to  introduce  any  bill 
in  regard'  to  which  there  does  not  appear, 
beforehand,  a  prospect  of  substantial  agree- 
ment among  all  the  principal  parties  con- 
cerned. 


i  seives 
•t  the 
accent 
e  next 
pro- 


NO     COERCION     OF     ULSTER. 

Concluding  a  debate  which  followed,  Mr. 
Asquith  said  he  had  laid'  it  down  on  the  floor 
of  the  House  that  there  must  be  no  coercion  of 
Ulster,  and  that  the  six  counties  which  were 
being  excluded  by  the  arrangement- should  not 
be  brought  back  by  any  automatic  process, 
but  only  by  express  Acts  of  Parliament. 


TEXT    OF    THE    PARTITION    SCHEME. 

A  White  Paper  was  issued  on  Thursday,  27th 
July,  with  the  simple  title,  "  Headings  of  a 
Settlement  as  to  the  Government  of  Ireland," 
and  inscribed  :  "  Presented  to  both  Houses  of 
Parliament  by  command  of  His  Majesty." 
There  is  nothing  in  the  way  of  explanation  or 
enlargement,  but  the  opening  paragraphs 
make  it  clear  that  the  Government  of  Ireland 
Act,  1914,  was  not  to  apply  to  the  excluded 
area  of  Ulster.  The  following  is  the  full  con- 
tents of  the  White  Paper  : — 

1.  The  Government  of  Ireland  Act,  1914.  to 
be  brought  into  operation  as  soon  as  possible 
after  the  passing  of  the  bill,  subject  to  the 
modifications  necessitated  by  fehese  instruc- 
tions. 

2.  The  said  Act  not  to  apply  to  the  ex- 
cluded area,  which  is  to  consist  of  the  six 
counties  of  Antrim,  Armagh,  Down,  Ferma- 
nagh, Londonderry,  and'  Tyrone,  including  the 
Parliamentary  Boroughs  of  Belfast,  London- 
derry, and  Newry. 

3.  As  regards  the  excluded  area,  the  Execu- 
tive power  of  His  Majesty  to  be  administered 
by  a  Secretary  of  State,  through  Mich  officers 
and  departments  as  may  be  directed  by  order 
of  His  Majesty  in  Council,  those  officers  and 
departments  not  to  be  in  any  way  responsible 
to  the'new  Irish  Government.  _ 

A  Committee  to  be  appointed,  on  which 
both  of  the  Irish  parties  is  to  be  represented', 
to  assist  the  Government  in  preparing  the 
necessary   Orders  in   Council. 

4.  The  number  of  IrLli  representatives  in 
the  United  Kingdom  Hnu-e  of  Commons  to 
remain  unaltered   (viz.,   103). 

5.  The  Irish  House  of  Commons  to  r-onsist 
of  the  members  who  sit  in  the  United  King, 
dom  House  of  Commons  for  constituencies 
within  the  area   to  which,   the    Act   applies. 

6.  A  reduction  to  be  made  in  the  number  of 
Irish  Senators  proportionate  to  the  population 


L'ii-i 


the 


M; 


of  the  excluded 
nominated  by  the 
instruction's    from 

7.  The   Lord    L 
summon  conferenc 
con=t  i'  uen   'e 
members  for  constituencies  i 
land. 

8.  A  deduction  to  be  m    !< 
the    transferred   sum- 
when  ascertained'  proportion: 
tion  of  the  exciuded  area. 


:st 


be 
t  to 

r  to 

.  IV,  r 

the 

Le- 


on item   (a)  of 
Irish    services) 

to  the  popula. 


HIGH    COURT    FOR    BELFAST. 

9.  Provision  to  be  made  for  permanent  sifc. 
tings  of  a  High  Court  judge  or  judges  in  Bel- 
fast appointed  by  the  Imperial  Government, 
or  for  the  constitution  of  a  new  Court  in  Bel- 
fast, with  the  same  jurisdiction  as  that  of  the 
High  Court,  but  locally  limited'. 

All  appeals  both  from  the  Courts  in  the  ex- 
cUv,;*-;]  area  and  those  in  the  rest  of  Ireland 
to  i*  to  the  Appeal  Court  in  Dublin,  which 
is  t(  Le  composed  of  judges  appointed  by  the 
Impei, al  Government,  and'  having  the  lik* 
tarmv.     if  offict  as  English  judges. 


244 


The  appeals  from  the  Court  of  Appeal  in 
Dublin,  whether  as  respects  cases  coming  from 
the  excluded  area  or  from  the  rest  of  Ireland, 
to  go  to  the  same  tribunal  of  appeal  in  Eng- 
land. Whether  it  should  be  the  House  of 
Lords  or  the  Privy  Council  is  for  the  present 
*m  material. 

10.  Section  Thirty  of  the  Government  of 
Ireland  Act  to  be  extended  to  any  disputes  or 
questions  which  may  arise  between  the  ex- 
cluded;' area  and  the  new  Irish  Government. 

11.  His  Majesty's  power  of  making  Orders 
in  Council  for  the  purposes  of  the  Act  to  be 
extended  so  as  to  include  power  to  make  the 
necessary  adjustments  and  provisions  with  re- 
spect to  the  government  of  the  excluded  area 
and  relations  between  that  area  and  the  rest 
of  Ireland,   Great   Britain,   etc. 

•12.  Amongst  the  various  questions  to  \\hich 
attrition  must  be  directed  in  this  connection 
will  be  the  question  of  fixing  fair  rents  under 
the  Irish  Land  Acts.  It  is  proposed  that  there 
should  be  two  Commissioners  specially  allo- 
cated for  fixing  rents  in  the  excluded  area, 
and  appointed  by  the  British  Government. 

13.  All  Orders  in  Council  under  the  new  Act' 
to  be  laid  before  both  Houses  of  Parliament  in 
the  same  manner  as  Orders  under  the  Govern- 
ment of  Ireland  Act.     (See  S.  48). 

14.  The  hill  to  remain  in  force  during  the 
continuance  of  -the  war,  and  a  period  of 
twelve  months  thereafter,  but  if  a  Parliament 
has  not  bv  that  time  made  further  and  per- 
manent provision  for  the  government  of  Ire- 
land the  period  for  which  the  bill  is  to  re- 
main in  force  is  to  be  extended  by  Order  in 
Council  for  such  time  as  may  be  necessary  in 
o-der  to  enable  Parliament  to  make  such  pro- 
vision. 

It  is  also  understood  that  at  the  close  of  trie 
war  there  should  be  held  an  Imperial  Confer- 
en<  e,  with  a  view  to  bringing  the  Dominions- 
into  closer  co-operation  with  the  Government 
of  the  Empire,  and  that  the  permanent  settle- 
ment :>f  Ireland  should  bo  considered  at  that 
Conference. 


nOUPTL'TARTI-HL    REPORTS. 

In  the  House  c> £  Commons  on  Tuesday  24th 
October,    1916. 

■Mr.  Hazleton  (for  Mr.  Dillon)  asked  the 
Prime  Minister  whether  he  would  not  direct 
1 ''  >'  I!"'  proceedings  of  the  Irish  Courts- 
martial   i  h  i'l    be   published. 

Mr.  Asquith—  I  will  arrange  that  this  shall 
)>■■  done. 

In  the  House  of  Commons  on  Monday,  5th 
March,  1917, 

Mr.  Dillon  asked  the  Prime  Minister 
wti  -i  hei  Ins  attenl  ion  had  I  een  drawn  to  the 
b.v  the  late  Prime  Minister  on  24th 
:  i,  1916,  that  he  would  arrange  to  have 
the  proceedings  of  flu-  Dublin  Courtsmartiari 
now  published;  and  whether  he  would  sen 
th.it  (Ins  promise  was  carried  into  effect 
wil  houi    iHi  |  her   del  i  v. 

Mi .  Bon  ir  Law  The  subject  !  is  been  care- 
fully   considered     bv     Hif    Government,    who 

ha    n  •    i  'i   I  he  i  nnclnsion    thai    in    present 

urristanc    i    il     vou'd    be    mosl    deti  irnenl  al 


to    the    public    interest    to    publish    these    re- 
ports. 

FUNDS. 

The  following  funds  were  organised  imme- 
diately after  the  rebellion  : — 

Unemployment  Through  Fire — Lord  Mavor 
of  Dublin's  Fund.  A  fund  for  this  object  was 
first  suggested  in  the  columns  of  the  liixh 
Tunes,  and  eventuated  in  co-operation  wiJ* 
that  of  the  Right  Hon.  the  Lord  Mayor. 

Dependents  of  Soldiers  Killed  in  Dublin. 
Opened  and  administered  by  the  Irish  times. 
Trinity  College  Officers'  Training  Corps 
Commemoration  Fund— Mr.  Lewis  H.  S. 
Beatty,  14  Grafton  street,  Dublin,  Hon.  Secre- 
tary and  Treasurar. 

Volunteer  Training  Corps  Fund  for  Relief  of 
Dependents — Right  Hon  T.  F.  Molony,  Lord 
Justice  of  ApptaJ,  Chairman;  iVir.  R.  A.  An- 
derson, Hon.  Secretary,  18  South  Frederick 
street,    Dublin. 

Irish  Police  and  Constabulary  Recognition 
Fund.— President— The  Earl  "  of  Meath, 
K.P.,  H.M.L.  ;  Hon.  Treasurer— Mr.  R.  W. 
Booth,  Chamber  of  Commerce,  Dublin  ;  Hon. 
Secretaries— Messrs.  V.  C.  Le  Fanu,  J. P., 
Estate  Office,  Bray ;  Edward  H.  Andrews, 
J. P.,     Orton.    Monkslown,    Dublin. 

Irish  National  Aid  Association — Mr.  Lorcf.n 
G.  Sherlock,  LL.D.,  Chairman  ;  Mr.  L.  Gavin 
Duffv,  Mr.  F.  J.  Allen,  Mr  M.  Davitt.  M  l\„ 
and  Mr.  T.  J.  Cullen  Hon.  Secretaries,  10  Ex- 
chequer street,  Dublin. 

Irish  Volunteers'  Dependents'  Fund.  —  Mrs. 
Tom  Clarke,  President  :  Mrs.  Eamonn  Ceannt, 
Vice-President  :  S  Nic  Mbathojhamha,  Hon. 
T-ehsu-er:  E  Mac  Ragbnaill,  Hon  Secretary; 
Mrs.  Pearse,  Mrs.  MacDo"agh,  Miss  O'Han- 
rah^m.  Miss  Madge  Daly,  Miss  Lila  Colbert. 
1   r'n]]ppp   street.    Dublin. 

Subsequently  the  last  two  mentioned  were 
amalgamated  under  the  title  of  flic  Irish 
National  Aid  and  Volunteers'  Defendants' 
Fund,  and  at  a  conference  of  the  Executive, 
bold  on  1Rth  April,  1917.  it  was  intimated 
that  £107.069  bad  been  collected.  The  sur> 
F-U'iptions  to  February  were  made  up  as  fob 
lows:— 

,-P, 

Ireland      32.833 

Fno-laiul    and    Wales      1,105 

Scotland        59 

New   York  Committee     29,414 

Other  American  Committees     2,632 

Australia,  and    New    Zealand      19,605 

South    Africa 332 

South    America       ..  .-        227 

Spain      •        125 

France 11 

China     70 

India 8 

The  disbursements  were  as  follow: — - 

£ 

By    the    National    Aid    Association    9, 7$? 

By  the   Volunteei    Dependents'   Fund...     5,277 
By  the  Amalgamated   Executive  of  the 

I.N. A.  and   V.D.   Fund     30,058 

leaving  n   balance  on  hands  on  17lh  February 
of    1/11,701,    including    bank   interest,    v^h, 


245 


THE  REBELLION  AND  THE  LAW. 

♦ 

LEGISLATION    THAT   BECAME 
NECESSARY«> 

Amid  the  general  distract'-  u  closed  by  the 
rebellion  it  was  not  to  be  exacted  that  the 
administration  of  the  law  could  pursue  its 
ordinary  course.  The  fact  that  the  insurgents 
were  in  possession  of  the  Four  Courts  and  its 
precincts  during  Easter  Week,  and  that  dur- 
ing this  occupancy  the  courts,  offices,  judges' 
chambers,  and  Law  Library  had  been  enteral 
and  the  contents  rudely  thrown  about,  and  in 
some  cases  injured,  made  it  impossible  that 
business  could  begin  as  usual.  The  Easter 
law  term  should  have  begun  on  Thursday,  27th 
April,  1916,  but  on  that  day,  as  we  have  men- 
tioned, the  Four  Courts  were  in  the  hands  of 
the  rebels.  The  Recorders'  Courts  in  Dublin 
and  Belfast  and  the  Courts  of  the  County 
Court  Judges  could  not  be  opened  at  the 
usual  times,  as  in  most  cases,  the  judges  were 
not  able   to  secure   railway  facilities. 

Bv  a  Roval  Proclamation  given  at  Windsor 
Castle  on  Wednesday,  26th  April,  1916,  the 
King  proclaimed  martial  law  in  Ireland,  and 
thereby  suspended  the  right  of  subjects 
charged  with  offences  to  be  tried  by  the  Civil 
Courts.  On  Friday,  5th  May.  an  informal 
meeting  of  the  judges  of  the  High  Court  of 
Justice  in  Ireland  was  held  to  consider  the 
position  arising  out  of  the  rebellion.  The 
President  of  the  Incorporated  Law  Society 
informed  the  judges  that  it  would  be  impos- 
sible to  commence  business  at  the  Four  Courts 
before  the  19th  May.  It  was  then  arranged 
to  have  a  meeting  of  the  Rule  Making  Au- 
thority on  Monday,  8th  May,  and  accordingly 
on  that  dav  new  rales  were  made,  which  were 
approved  of  by  the  Lord  Lieutenant,  and  came 
into  operation  immediately.  These  rules  pvo.- 
vided  :"—  (ai  That  the  Enste^  Sittings  of  the 
Conrt  of  Appeal  and  of  the  High  Court  in  the 
year  1916  should  commence  on  18th  Mav  and 
germinate  on  the  101b  June:  (b)  that  the 
t;.-r,0  between  the  24th  April.  1916.  and  the  8th 
May,  1916.  inclusive,  should  not  be  reckoned 
in  the  commutation  of  the  times  appointed 
ps  allowed  for  the  doing  of  anv  act  or  taking 
any  proceeding  ;  and  (c)  In  the  taxation  of 
the  costs  of  any  action  or  other  pEOceee&ig 
pending  in  the  Courts  mentioned  at  the  date 
of  ■  the  orcTer,  the  Taxing  Master,  in  addition 
to  the  allowances  already  prescribed,  should 
be  at  liberty  to  allow  such  further  fees  as 
he  should  decide  were  reasonably  incurred  by 
reason  of  the  alteration  in  the  date  of  tro 
commencement  of  the  Easter  Sittings,  1916. 
It  may  also  be  added  that  the  usual  break 
between  Easter  Term  and  Trinity  Term  lasted 
only  for  a  day  or  two. 

JURY  TRIALS    RE5UMED. 

Jury  trials  were  resumed  on  Wednesday, 
24th  May.  The  Under  Secretary  to  the  Lord 
'Lieutenant,  on  16th  May  issued  a  statement, 
that   in    connection    with    the    destruction    in 


Dublin  and  elsewhere  of  buildings  and  the-'r 
contents  the  State  would  assume  as  the  maxi- 
mum of  its  ex  gratia  grant  the  same  liability 
as  would  have  fallen  on  the  insurance  com- 
panies if  the  risk  had  been  covered  by  the 
policies  in  force  at  the  time  of  the  disturb- 
ances, and  accordingly  the  Lord  Lieutenant 
decided  to  appoint  a  committee  to  ascertain 
the  sums  assured  and  to  advise  on  the  claims 
of  insured  and  uninsured  persons.  Looting 
might  be  deemed  burning  for  the  purposes  of 
compensation,  but  no  consequential  damages 
were  to-  be  taken  into  account.  No  grant 
could  be  made  in  respect  of 'property  of  anv 
persons  in  complicity  with  the  outbreak.  The 
Committee  soon  got' to  work,  and  as  a  result 
very  considerable  grants  have  been  made  bv 
the  Government  in  respect  of  the  contents 
of  buildings  and  also  for  the  rebuilding  of 
the  structures. 

LOSS  OF  T1TLS  DEEDS. 
Among  the  buildings  and  premises  which 
were  destroyed  by  the  operations  of  the  mili- 
tary or  by  fire  were  the  offices  of  a  large  num- 
ber of  solicitors,  and  in  most  cases  not  only 
were  furniture  and  fittings  destroyed,  but 
also  large  numbers  of  original  documents, 
constituting  the  title  deeds  to  property.  The 
heat  was  so  intense,  and  so  continuous,  that 
fire-proof  safes,  believed  to  be  immune  from 
fire,  afforded  little  or"  no  protection,  and 
parchments  crumpled  up  and  became  use- 
less for  any  purpose  whatever.  it  is  worth 
noticing  that  original  documents  written  on 
paper,  while  made  very  brittle  by  the  ex- 
treme heat,  were  quite  de<  :  iherable  in  many 
cases.  The  loss  of  these  itle  deeds,  wills, 
and  other  documents  ■  ■   >rsaris  in  many 

parts  of  Ireland,   as  ■    iocurnents  be- 

longing to  solicitors  in  tl  parts  of  Ireland 
were  with  their  agents  in  D  in  for  re^istra- 
tfnr,    and    other    p'nrp.  *es  23rd    August, 

1916,  the  Royal  usaenl  is  liven  to  an  Act 
"  to   amend   the    Law    i     '  lure   i  f   Civil 

Courts    in    Ireland    in  i    to    conditions 

arising  out  of  the  rec  -       '     ic  -   in   ■'■■■  ' 

country."  This  Act  is  cit  as  the  L:  w  and 
Procedure  fEme"gen  ■■  I '  -  •  -  !  In  bd  li 
.Act.  1916  (6  and  7  Oeo  Y.  :.  461  The  first 
section  enacted  that  the  -  ■  :  .  ;  Fro  ri  1  l\  h 
April,  1916,  to  Gl  h  M  h  inclusive. 

shall   not   be   recko   e  shall    be   deemed 

never  to  have  been  reckoned,  in  computing 
the  times  for  doing  in)  -  or  taking  anv 
proceeding  in  any  Court  in  Ireland,  and  that 
the  Court  might  grant  any  extension  of  time 
which  might  appear  proper  by  reason  of  the 
recent  disturbances.  It  also  enacted  that  where 
any  original  document  which  required  to  be 
filed,  enrolled,  or  lodged  has  been  lost  or  de- 
stroyed in  the  course  of  the  said  disturbances 
the  Court  may  authorise  the  filing,  enri'niont, 
or  lodgment  of  a  properly  authenticated  copy, 
which  shall  be  deemed  to  be  the  original  for 
all  purposes.  The  fourth  sub-section  of  this 
section  (1)  provided  for  the  making  of  title 
in  respect  of  lost  documents,  and  will  prob- 
ably be  the  foundation  of  a  large  number  of 
applications  to  the  Court,  it  provides: — "  Sub- 


lect  to  ruVa  m^Je  under  this  Act,  the  powers 
and  jmisdictioV.ot'  the  High  Court  with  re- 
spect to  the  pWpetuation  of  testimony  shall 
extend  to  and  may  be  exercised  for  the  per- 
petuation of  the  testimony  afforded  by  any 
muniment  of  title  or  other  document  which  has 
been  lost,  destroved  or  damaged  in  the  course 
of  the  recent  disturbances  in  Ireland,  whether 
the  right  or  claim  of  the  person  instituting 
proceedings  is  a  present  right  or  claim  or  de- 
\-nds  upon  the  happening  of  some  future 
event." 

MO    CLAIMS    AGAINST   CITY. 

The  6th  sub-section  took  away  any  right 
which  might  have  existed  in  respect  of  any 
claim  against  the  city  for  damages  under  the 
acts  which  give  compensation  for  malicious  in- 
juries. It  enacted  that  "No  claim  for  com- 
pensation under  any  of  the  enactments  rela- 
tive to  compensation  for  criminal  or  malicious 
injuries  shall  lie  against  a  local  authority  in 
respect  of  any  injury  to  person  or  property 
sustained  in  the  course  of  the  recent  disturb- 
ances in  Ireland." 

The  7th   sub-section    relieved  solicitors   and 
fibers  from   any  action  for  negligence  in  the 
u«se  of  deeds  entrusted  to  them,   and  in  any 
iV'h  action  or  proceeding  made  it  a  sufficient 
c!erence  if  it  is  proved  that  the  deed  or  other 
(Jn"ument  being  at  the  time  of  the  commence- 
»."t'.t    of    the    recent    disturbance    in    the    pos- 
session  or   under  the  control  of   a  person  en- 
titled   to   have   the   possession   or   control,    was 
lost  or  destroyed  in  the  course  and  as  a  result 
of   those   disturbances.      The   Lord   Chancellor 
of    Ireland    was   empowered   to   make   Rules   to 
give   full   effect  to  the   provisions   of  this   Act, 
and    Rules  have  been  so   made  dated  3rd  No- 
vember, 1916.     These  Rules  direct  that  appli- 
cations  under  the   Act   are  to  be  made   to  the 
Chancery   Division   of  the   High   Court  of  Jus- 
tire  in  Ireland.     The"  only  reported  case  under 
this   Act  un  to  the  time  of  writing  is  Shana- 
han  v.  Shanahan  (51  Ir.  L.T.R.  21).     In  that 
case     Mr.      Justice     Barton  held   that     under 
this    Act   the   Court   has    power   to   order    thai 
evidence  as  to  a  document  lost  or  destroyed  in 
the  course  of  the   recent  disturbances  in  Ire- 
land be  taken  and  filed  in  the  proper  office  of 
the   Court.      Such    evidence    may   be   given    of 
the  existence  of  the  document   before  the  dis- 
turbances took  plate,  of  its  due  execution,  of 
its  loss  or  destruction,  arid  of  its  contents.     In 
the  course  of  the  case  Mr.  Justice  Barton  said 
one   of   the   incidents    of    the    recent   disturb- 
ances was  the  destruction  of  legal  documents 
and   of   title   deeds   in    the   offices   of  solicitors 
who  had   the  custody  of  them._    The  Legis- 
lature thereupon  stepped  in  to  aid  the  patties 
by  applying  the  old  equitable  jurisdiction  for 
perpetuating   testimony,  a  wholesome  feature 
of  which  was  that  it  could  only  be  invoked  in 
eases  in    winch   it  n      to  do  so  in 

its,  otherwise  it  might 
work  injury  by  heaping  up     ■  I       This,  how- 
is  a  bono  fide  application  in  which  some 
ought  if  possible  to  be  given  to  the  ap- 
plicant. 


STAMP    DUTIES    ANO    COPYING    FEBS. 

As  the  public  aie  aware,  stamp  duty  and 
copying  fees  are  pajable  on  memorials  of 
deeds  and  ccjpies  thereof  in  the  Registry  of 
Deeds  Office,  Henrietta  street,  Dublin,  *nd 
the  fees  on  Court  docunvnts  are  also  paid  by  a 
stamp  duty.  Bv  a  concession  of  the  Treasury 
contained  in  a  Treasury  Letter  of  the  14th  day 
of  December,  1916,  the  stamp  duty  and  copy- 
ing fees  on  copies  of  memorials  of  deeds  ue- 
stroyed  during  the  rebellion  in  Dublin  in 
April-May,  1916,  were  remitted,  and  also  tno 
fee  stamp  on  Court  documents  destroyed  by 
fire  at  the  same  period.  On  a  certificate  by 
the  solicitor  copies  may  be  issued  free  of 
charge  for  pending  legal  proceedings  or  for 
Registration   purposes. 


REBUILDING  OF  DESTROYED 

AREAS. 
» 

SPECIAL   ACT   OF   PARLIAMENT 
PASSED. 

The  state  of  the  city  in  the  area  affected  by 
the  rebellion  made  reconstruction  necessary, 
and  as  many  interests  were  affected  and  it 
was  desirable  to  give  additional  powers  for 
the  purpose  of  raising  money  for  building  pur- 
poses, legislation  was  again  required,  and  on 
the  22nd  December,  1916,  the  Dublin  Recon- 
struction (Emergency  Provisions)  Act,  1916, 
was  passed.  This  Act  is  denned  as  "  An  Act 
to  amend  the  law  as  to  the  erection  of  build- 
ings and  the  making  and  improvement  of 
streets  in  connection  with,  the  reconstruction 
of  areas,  streets,  and  buildings  recently 
damaged  or  destroyed  in  Dublin,  and 
for  other  purposes  incidental  thereto."  The 
chief  provisions  of  this  Act,  which  consists 
of  12  sections  and  a  schedule,  may  be  shortly 
stated   as  follows  : — 

Section  1  empowers  the  Corporation  of 
Dublin,  for  the  purpose  of  street  improve- 
ments, to  purchase  land  compulsorily  by 
means  of  an  order  subfiitted  to  the  Local  Go- 
vernment Board.  Thu.  section  also  enables  the 
Corporation,  in  order  to  widen  any  street,  to 
substitute  one  piece  of  land  for  another,  and 
to  attach  to  the  substituted  land  all  rights 
and  interests  affecting  the  lands  taken. 

CITY    ARCHITECT'S    POWERS. 

Section  2  provides  that  a  person  who  pro- 
poses to  erect  a  new  building  on  the  site  of  & 
building  which  has  been  damaged  or  destroyed 
in  the  course  of  the  recent  disturbances,  or  to 
t  or  alter  a  building  which  has  been 
damaged,  shall,  in  addition  to  delivering  plans 
lections  to  the  Town  Clerk,  deliver  elec- 
tions on  the  same  scale  as  that  of  the  plans 
&,nd  sections,  and  shall  furnish  to  the  City 
Architect,  if  and  wd.su  so  requested  by  hint, 
any  detailed  drawings  or  other  particulars 
which  the  City  Architect  may  considei  reason- 


247 


»bly  necessary  for  the  further  explanation  of 
the  documents  delivered.  If  it  appears  to  the 
City  Architect  th;.t  the  character  of  the  pro- 
posed new  building,  restoration  or  alteration 
is  such  as  would  be  injurious  to  the  amenity 
of  the  street  which  the  front  of  the  proposed 
building  faces,  he  may  require  such  reasonable 
alterations  to  be  made  as  respects  the  design, 
line  of  frontage,  and  materials  as  he  thinks 
proper,  and  may  require  the  plans,  sections, 
and  elevations  to  be  amended  accordingly. 
The  front  of  a  building  at  the  corner  of  two 
streets  shall  be  deemed  to  face  each  street  for 
the  purposes  of  this  provision.  If  any  dispute 
or  difference  arises  as  to  the  reasonableness  of 
any  requirement  of  the  City  Architect,  the 
ma,tter  shall  be  settled  by  arbitration  between 
the  Corporation  and  the  building  owner,  and 
the  Corporation  shall  appoint  the  City  Archi- 
tect or  a  person  nominated  by  him  to  be  arbi- 
trator on  their  behalf,  and  Section  217  of  the 
Public  Health  (Ireland)  Act  shall  apply  with 
respect  to  the  arbitration,  subject  to  certain 
modifications,  including  one  that  the  reference 
to  the  Local  Government  Board  shall  be  con- 
strued as  a  reference  to  the  Lord  Lieutenant, 
and  another  that  the  arbitrators  or  umpire 
shall  have  power  to  make  such  modifications  ot 
any  requirements  of  the  City  Architect  as 
seem  proper.  The  section  also  provides  that 
the  Corporation  may,  on  the  recommendation 
of  the  City  Architect,  relax  or  waive  any  by- 
law of  the  Corporation  relating  to  buildings, 
where  and  so  far  as  such  relaxation  or  waive 
is  necessary  to  enable  a  joint  plan  of  recon- 
struction to  be  carried  out  in  relation  to  two 
or  more  buildings,  subject  to  the  consent  of 
the   owners   of   these   buildings. 

ADVANCE    OF    MONEY. 

Section  3  provides  that  the  Corporation  may 
advance  money  on  the  security  of  the  owner- 
ship of  the  site  of  any  house  or  building 
which  lias  been  damaged  or  destroyed  for  the 
purpose  of  reconstruction.  The  advance  shall 
not  exceed  the  difference  between  the  amount 
which  the  Local  Government  Board  certify  to 
be  the  total  cost  of  rebuilding  or  restoration 
and  the  amount  of  the  compensation  granted 
from  public  moneys  in  respect  of  the  destruc- 
tion or  damage  of,  or  to,  the  house  or  build  - 
ing,  and  in  this  connection  it  is  to  be  noted 
that  an  ex  gratia  grant  by  the  Government 
is  a  condition  of  the  purpose  or  loan. 
The  advance  shall  be  repayable  within 
tsuch  period  as  may  be  agreed  upon,  subject 
to  the  sanction  of  the  Local  Government 
Board,  but  the  rate  of  interest  shall  not  tie 
more  than  10s.  above  the  rate  at  which  .he 
Corporation  can,  at  the  date  of  advance, 
borrow  money  for  the  purpose  from  the  Com- 
missioners of  Public  Works,  and  the  term  ■  f 
repayment  shall  be  six  months  less  than  Mne 
term  for  which. the  Corporation  can  so  borrow, 
unless  a  shorter  term  is  agreed  on.  The 
balance  oi  •any-such  advance  outstanding  ai 
#ny  time  may  be  repaid  by  the  borrower  mi 
giving  eix  months'   notice  (in  writing)  to   ii»«s 


Corporation.  The  repayment  of  the  advance 
and  interest  shall  be  secured  by  a  mortgage  ut 
the  site  of  the  house  or  building  in  such  form 
as  may  be  approved  by  the  Local  Government 
Board. 

Section  4  provides  that  where  a  person  de- 
sirous cf  obtaining  an  advance  is  not  in  a 
position  to  secure  the  repayment  owing  to  de- 
fective title  or  insufficiency  of  his  interest  in 
the  site,  or  of  the  value  of  that  interest,  and 
the  other  person  whose  concurrence  is  neces- 
sary, in  order  to  remedy  or  remove  the  defect 
or  insufheiriey,  are  unable  or  unwilling  to  con- 
cur in  securing  the  advance,  he  may  apply  to 
the.  Land  Jimge  (Mr.  Justice  Ross),  for  an 
order  changing  the  ownership  of  the  site,  and 
any  interest  therein,  with  the  repayment  oi 
the  advance  and  interest.  On  any  such  ap- 
plication, the  Land  Judge  may  make  an  oroer 
changing  all  such  inteiests,  and  each  of  them, 
with  the  repayment  of  the  advance,  interest, 
snd  instalments  as  between  the  several  ir.. 
terests  charged  in  proportion  to  the  benefit 
accruing  fioin  the  advance  to  the  owners  oi 
those  interests  respectively.  All  interested 
persons  will  be  given  an  oppor- 
tunity of  being  heard.  For  the  purposes 
of  this  section,  the  Land  Judge,  in  addition 
to  his  powers  and  jurisdiction  as  Land  Judge, 
shall  have,  and  may  exercise,  all  such  powers 
and  jurisdiction  as  are  vested  in,  or  exercis- 
able by,  the  High  Court  or  any  division, 
court,  or  judge  thereof,  under  any  enactments 
Or  rules  which  are  applied  for  the  purposes 
aforesaid  by  rules  made  under  this  section 
to  which  we  refer  below.  The  Land  Judge 
may  review,  rescind,  or  vary  any  order  made 
under  this  section,  but  no  such  order  shall 
l>e  subject  to  anpeal.  and  no  proceedings  be- 
fore, the  Land  Judge  under  this  section  shall 
be  removed  or  restrained  or  questioned  by  any 
court. 

LAND    JUDGE'S    POWERS. 

Under  this  section  the  Land  Judge  has 
power  to  ascertain  the  easements  and  Hgfi'ts 
attached  to  the  sites,  and  to  hear  and  deter- 
mine all  questions  relating  to  such  easements 
and  rights. 

Section  5  provides  that  at  any  time  after  Me 
expiration  of  two  years  from  the  passing  of 
this  Act,  if  it  appears  to  the  Local  Govern- 
ment Board,  on  the  application  of  the  Cor- 
poration, that  the  rebuilding  or  restoration  o* 
a  house  or  building  has  not  been  commenced 
or,  although  commenced,  has  been  discon. 
tinued,  the  T'.ofrrd  may,  unless  they  are  satis- 
fied that  the  rebuilding  or  restoration  will  l-.e 
completed  within  a  reasonable  time,  make  rn 
Order  authorising  the  Corporation  to  acq  lire 
the  site  thereof  ;  and  the  Corporation  may  .  .1, 
let,  or  otherwise  dispose  of  the  site  when  :  en- 
quired in  such  manner  and  on  such  condition* 
as  mav  be  sanctioned  by  the  Local  Govern* 
nient  Board,  including  the  erection  of  suitable 
buildings  on  tl.v  site. 

Section  6  provides  that  no  hereditament  uc 
tenement  upon  which  was  built  any  building 
or  house  destroyed,  nor  any  such  building  er 
house    when    rebuilt,    shall    be    liable    to    •© 


y.i 


rained  under  the  Irish  Valuation  Acts  at  a 
sum  larger  than  the  valuation  in  force  on  the 
1st  April,  1916,  lor  a  period  of  twelve  years 
from  the  passing  of  this  Act. 

Section  7  provides  that  no  building  or  house 
destroyed,  nor  the  land  on  which  the  same 
stood, "shall  be  assessed  or  liable  to  any  local 
rate  from  the  24th  April,  1916,  until  the  ex- 
piration of  one  year  from  the  rebuilding  of  the 
said  house  or   building. 

Section  8  provides  that  in  the  case  of  any 
public-house,  hotel,  or  other  licensed  premises 
which  have  been  destroyed  or  damaged,  and  in 
which  business  has  in  consequence  been  sus- 
pended during  the  period  of  rebuilding  or  re- 
storation, the  licence  (for  the  purposes  of  re- 
newal and  any  certificates  required  for  re- 
newal, but  for  no  other  purpose)  shall  be 
deemed  to  continue  in  force  up  to  the  time  of 
the  completion  of  such  rebuilding  or  restora- 
tion, and  to  be  vested  in  the  person  legally 
entitled  to  the  said  premises,  and  it  shall  be 
competent  for  such  person  to  apply  for  uiiy 
justices'  certificate  required  for  renewal,  and 
lor  the  Court  to  consider  such  application, 
although  the  s-ome  may  not  be  made  to  the 
animal  licensing  petty  -sessions.  Any  certifi- 
cate as  to  the  conduct  of  the  business,  -  e- 
quired  for  the  purposes  of  renewal,  shall  be  a 
certificate  as  respects  the  conduct  of  the  busi 
ness  during  the  period  between  the  date  o> 
the  last  renewal  and  the  destruction  of  or 
damage  to  the  premises,  and  the  Licensing 
(Ireland)  Acts.  1833-1902,  shall  be  deemed  to 
be  amended  accordingly. 

Section  9  provides  that  where  a  building 
destroyed  or  damaged  is  held  under  a  lease 
for  a  term  of  years,  of  which  the  residue  un- 
expired on  the  24th  April,  1916,  was  more  than 
fivp  and  less  than  thirty-one  years,  Section  5 
of  the  Town  Tenants  (Ireland)  Act,  19C6 
(which  relates  to  compensation  for  unreason- 
able disturbance),  shall  apply  to  the  building 
when  rebuilt  or  restored. 

Section  10  provides  that  the  expenses  of  the 
Corporation  in  the  execution  of  this  Act  shall 
be  defrayed  out  of  the  rate  or  fund  applicable 
to  the  purposes  of  the  Public  "Health  (Ireland) 
Acts.  1878  to  1907.  but  money  so  borrowed 
shall  not  be  reckoned  as  part  of  the  debt  of  the 
the  Corporation  within  the  meaning  of  the 
limitation  on  borrowing  imposed  bv  Sub-sec- 
tion (2)  of  Section  238"  of  the  Public  Health 
(Ireland)  Act.  1878. 

The  11th  Section  contains  the  Interpreta- 
tion Clause,  and  enacts  that  the  expression 
"  site  "  includes  buildings  and  other  struc- 
tures on.  in.  or  under  toe  surface,  and  article 
32  of  the  schedule  to  the  Local  Government 
Order,  1898.  is  apnlied  in  reference  to  local 
inquiries.  The  12th  Section  contains  only 
the  title  of  the  Act. 

'1  he  schedule  contain  »-~<"Vions  as  to  the 
compulsory  acquisition  f  ...iid  by  the  Cor- 
poration. 

THE    RJLE3. 

The  Rule?  referred  Lc  al  y.  •  lia.  't  been  made 


by  the  Land  Judge.  They  are  dated  16th 
February,  1917.  They  are  full  and  very  ex- 
planatory of  the  Act  and  the  procedure  there- 
under. They  are  divided  into  seven  parts, 
with  an  Appendix  of  Forms.  Part  I.  consists  of 
definitions,  the  entitling  and  description  of 
documents,  and  certain  directions  as  to  the 
Forms  in  the  appendix.  Part  II.  contains 
various  preliminary  matters,  and  directs  that 
a  person  desirous  of  obtaining  an  advance 
under  the  Act  who  is  not  in  a  position  to  se- 
cure the  repayment  in  accordance  with  the 
provisions  of  section  3  should  endeavour  to 
secure  the  concurrence  of  other  persons  whose 
concurrence  is  necessary  to  remove  the  defect 
of  title.  If  such  concurrence,  is  refused  or 
cannot  be  given,  the  person  may  lodge  an 
originating  statement  or  preliminary  applica- 
tion. If  such  concurrence  is  unduly  delayed, 
or  if  the  person  desiring  the  advance  is  not 
in  privity  with  the  other  person  whose  eon- 
cur.rei  „  s  necessary,  he  may  lodge  a  pre- 
liminary affidavit,  as  prescribed  in  the  Rules. 
Part  111.  provides  various  rules  of  procedure. 
The  cases  in  which  personal  sen  ice  is  required 
and  the  mode  thereof  are  pointed  out  in  the 
Rules,  and  attention  is  directed  to  these. 
Costs  are  to  be  taxable  by  the  Taxing  Masters 
of  the  Court,  and  any  agreement  as  to  costs 
is  to  be  subject  to  any  order  of  the  Court. 

HOW    PROCEEDINGS    MAY    r~    I!!:-" 

Proceedings  under  section  4  may  be  initiated 
under  any  one  of  three  methods  provided  in 
the  Rules  we  have  mentioned.  (1)  By  origi- 
nating statement;  (2)  by  preliminary  applica- 
tion, or  (3)  bv  preliminary  affidavit.  The 
proceedings  will  be  initiated  by  originating 
stateiTient  when  the  plans,  sections  and  eleva- 
tion have  been  passed  pursuant  to  the  said 
section,  and  the  Local  Government  Board  has 
certified  the  amount  of  the  advance,  and  that 
the  same  is  necessary,  pursuant  to  section 
3  (2)  of  the  Act.  This  method  of  procedure  is 
set  out  in  Part  IV.  of  the  Rules  ("  Initiation 
of  Proceedings  by  Originating  Statement  "). 
In  support  of  the  application  the  applicant  is 
required  to  lodge  a  map  of  the  site,  certified 
copies  of  the  plans,  sections  and  elevations 
passed,  pursuant  to  section  2  of  the  Act  :  the 
documents  mentioned  in  the  statement  of  title  ; 
a  certificate  of  the  City  Architect:  a  certifi- 
cate of  the  Town  Clerk,  and  a  certificate  <>f  the 
Local  Government  Board.  Schedule  II.  (Ease- 
ments and  Rights  attached  to  the  Site)  re- 
quires very  careful  attention,  but  the  Schedule 
is  very  explicit  on  the  points — e.g.  (1)  bull 
and  free  right  to  the  uninterrupted  access, 
transmission  and  enjoyment  of  light  to  the 
ancient  windows  and  apertures  of  the  build- 
ings on  the  24th  April,  1916,  and  showing 
that  the  same  i.gfji.,  if  a  substantial  part  of 
the  same  liftht,  which  on  the  24th  April, 
1916,  passed  through  the  ancient  windows  and 
apertures  into  the  destroyed  buildings  will 
pass  into  the  proposed  new  buildings..  Similar 
provisions  are  made  with  regard  to  the  access 
and  How  of  air  and   other  rights. 


249 


REBELLION  VICTIMS'  COMMITTEE. 

♦ 


cases  In  which  you  are  interested  I  shall  be 
glad  to  have  the;  names  of  two  suitable  per- 
sons to  act  as  trustees." 


AWARDS    GRANTED    TO>    SUFFERERS. 

It  was  officially  announced  on  Tuesday, 
10th  October,  1916,  that  the  Lord  Lieutenant 
had  appointed   a  Committee,   consisting  of 

Mr.  Charles  St.  G.  (Irpen  (Chairman),  Pre- 
sident of  the  Incorporated  Law  Society  of 
Ireland  ; 

Mr.  Charles  H.  O'Cbnor.  Inspector  Local 
Government   Beard  *  and 

Mr.  J.  J.  Taylor,  C.B.,  I.S.O.,  Principal 
Clerk  of  the  Chief  Secretary's  Office,  Dublin 
Castle, 

to  inquire  and  report  with  regard  to  ap- 
plications for  payment  out  of  public  funds  to 

(a)  Persons  who  have  suffered  loss  by 
reason  of  personal  injuries  sustained  by  them 
without  misconduct  or  default  on  their  part 
in  the  recent  rebellion ;  and 

(b)  Dependents  of  deceased  persons  who, 
without  misconduct  or  default  on  their  part, 
were  killed  or  injured  in  the  recent  rebellion. 

The  Secretary  of  the  Committee  is  Mr. 
B.  C.  Love,  13  St.  Stephen's  Green,  N.,  Dub- 
lin, wh<jre  all  correspondence  regarding  claims 
to  the  Committee  had  to  be  directed. 

The  entire  proceedings  of  the  Committee 
were  conducted  in  prhate,  and  it  was  not 
until  the  9th  February,  1917,  there  was  pub- 
lished a  number  of  awards  granted 
by  the  Rebellion  (Victims)  Committee  in  re- 
spect of  the  claims  of  persons  whose  bread- 
winners were  killed  during  the  suppression 
of  the  rebellion.  To  each  solicitor  acting  on 
behalf  of  dependents  the  following  letter  was 
addressed  : — 

"  Chief  Secretary's  Office,  Dublin  Castle. 

"  I  am  directed  by  the  Lord  Lieutenant  to 
transmit  to  you  the  accompanying  schedule 
of  cases  in  which  the  Irish  Government,  with 
the  approval  of  the  Lords  Commissioners  of 
His  Majesty's  Treasury,  will  make  payment 
of  ex-gratia  grants  of  the  amounts  stated,  in 
full  settlement  of  claims  presented  to  the 
.Rebellion  (Victims)  Committee.  In  the  cases 
of  awards  to  adult  and  minor  dependents,  it 
is  proposed  that  the  full  amount  of  the  grant 
in  each  case  be  lodged  in  the  County  Court, 
and  that  the  apportionment  between  the 
adult  and  mitters  be  made  by  the  Recorder. 
It  is  considered  to  be  necessary  in  these  cases 
to  appoint  at  least  two  trustees,  and  if  you 
*ubmit  the  names  of  two  suitable  persons  to 
act  as  such,  with  their  consents,  you  will  be 
informed  if  they  are  approved  of.  On  their 
being  nominated  as  trustees,  and  obtaining 
privities  to  lodge  the  amount  of  the  grant  in 
Court,  arrangements  will  be  made  for  the 
lodgment  of  the  money.  In  other  cases  where 
the  giants  are  to  adults  ■  alone,  without 
minors,  it  is  also  proposed  to  pav  the  money 
to  trustee",  to  be  administered  by  them  for 
1&e  benefit  of  the  grantees,  and   in  any  such 


450     APPLICATIONS. 

On  Monday,  12th  February,  a  deputation! 
of  solicitors,  representing  women  and  chil- 
dren, to  whom  the  Treasury  proposed  to 
make  grants  of  money,  waited  on  the  Under- 
Secretary  (Sir  William  P.  Byrne)  at  Dublin 
Castle  with  reference  to  the  maimer  in  which 
the  i  money  was  proposed  to  be  given  to  the 
Rppiuants.  The  deputation  put  forward  the 
case  that  the  money  ought  to  be  paid  directly 
to  the  adults  to  whom  it  had  been  awarded 
without  passing  through  the  hands  of  the 
trustees,  and  that  where  there  were  children 
the  mother  should  receive  her  share  without 
having  it  lodged  in  the  Recorder's  Court 
All  the  members  of  the  deputation  agreed 
that  the  money  to  be  given  to  minors  should 
be  lodged  in  the  Recorder's  Court,  and  kent 
there  until  the  intended  beneficiaries  shall 
nave  attained   their  majority. 

Mr.  Taylor  mentioned  that  he  had  had  450 
applications. 

As  a  result  of  the  consideration  of  the  points 
brought  to  notice  by  the  above  deputation  of 
eohcites,  it  was  decided  to  adhere  to  the 
procedure  previously  communicated  to  them. 


COMPENSATION  FOR  PROPERTY 
DESTROYED. 


SETTLEMENT  OF  CLAIMS. 

Owe  of  the  results  of  the  destruction  of  pro- 
perty in  Dublin  during  the  rebellion  was  a 
conference  of  the  leading  sufferers,  which  led 
to  the  holding  of  a  very  large  meeting  in  the 
Mansion  House  on  Monday,  9th  May.  1916, 
Mrv  W.  M.  Murphy  in  the  chair,  when  it  was 
decided  unanimously  that  the  Dublin  Fire  and 
Property  Losses  Association  should  be  formed 
to  seek  compensation  for  the  terrible  losses  in- 
flicted  on  them  during  Easter  Week.  The  fol- 
lowing Committee  was  elected — Messrs.  George 
Stapleton,  Charles  Eason,  Sir  Thomas  Robin- 
son, Dr.  -7.  A.  Mitchell,  W.  M.  Murphy,  J.  O. 
Percy,  William  Bewley,  Marcus  Goodbodv,  W. 
P.  Robertson,  Sir  Joseph  Downes,  Martin 
Fitzgerald,  M.  J.  Minch,  J.  F.  Potter,  Gerald 
Curtis,  Patrick  Rooney,  Patrick  White,  M.P. , 
and  Dr.  Lorcan  Sherlock.  Mr.  Robert  J. 
Kidney,  F.S.A.A.,  who  placed  his  offices, 
Star  Buildings,  College  Green,  at  the  disposal 
of  the  Association,  was  elected  Secretary,  and 
the  Committee  lost  no  time  in  getting  to  work, 
and  invitsd  aVl  the  sufferers  to  send  in  full 
particulars  of  their  losser 

A  request  was  made  t<  tf>e  Prime  Minister 
asking  him  to  receive  a  deputation  to  lay 
their  claims  for  compensation  before  the  Go- 
Yeinment  at  fcis  earliest  possible  conveuieiute. 


250 


and  in  the  meantime  a  deputation  from  the 
Committee  waited  upon  the  Under  Secretary, 
Sir  Robert  Chalmers,  when  they  had  a  long 
interview  with  him.  On  the  11th  May  a 
deputation  was  also  received  by  the  Lord 
Lieutenant,  from  whom  they  gat  a  very  favour- 
able reception. 

BASIS    OF    COMPENSATION. 

On  the  17th  May  a  letter  was  received  from 
Sir  Robert  Chalmers  informing  the  Committee 
that  the  Government  had  decided  to  meet  the 
claims  of  the  sufferers.,  and  that  they  would 
be  dealt  with  upon  the  basis  of  the  policies  of 
the  insurance  companies  in  force  at  the  time 
of  the  destruction  of  the  property,  and  that 
the  claims  of  uninsured  persons  would  also  be 
dealt  with  on  analogy  with  the  insured  claims. 
These  terms  of  reference  were  not  considered 
satisfactorv,  and  a  considerable  amount  of  ne- 
gotiation took  plac  between  the  Government 
and  the  Committee-,  who  pointed  out  that  if 
the  losses  were  tc  be  dealt  with  upon  the 
basis  of  the  insurance  policies  in  force  only, 
the  uninsured  would  be  in  a  better  position 
than  the  partly  insured,  who  constituted  more 
than  75  per  cent,  of  the  total  claims.  This  was 
pressed  so  strongly  on  the  Government  that 
the  Prime  Minister  sent  Mr.  Herbert  Samuel, 
Home  Secretarv,  to  Dublin,  where  he  received 
a  deputation  from  the  Association,  when  he 
admitted  that  it  would  be  most  unfair  to  give 
preferential  treatment  to  the  uninsured  person. 
The  result  of  the,  efforts  of  the  Association 
were  the  issue  of  amended  terms  of  reference 
to  a  Committee  constituted  of  Sir  Wm.  J. 
flooding.  Bart..  D.L.  :  Mr.  John  Osborne, 
of  Messrs.  Sels  and  Co..  and  Mr.  Samuel  J. 
Pipkin,  General  Manager  of  the  Atlas  Insur- 
ance Companv.  Mr.  James  J.  Healy,  51  St. 
Stephen's  Green  East,  acted  as  Secretary  to 
the  Committee. 

Mr.  Walter  Hume,  16  College  Green,  and 
Mr.  Wm.  Montgomery,  1  Foster  place,  acted 
as  assessors  to  the  Commission.  Both  gentle- 
men are  well-known  and  eminent  in  their  pro- 
fession. 

The  question  of  limiting  the  amount 
of  claims  to  the  insurance  value  was 
for  a  long  time  in  suspension,  and  it  was 
somp  months  before  the  Association's  efforts  to 
get  beyond  that  point  was  successful,  and 
although  the  greater  part  of  claims  for  build- 
ings and  stock  have  now  been  settled,  the 
Assocation  is  stiK  faced  with  problems  affect- 
ing building  owners  in  connection  with  the  re- 
building of  the  city. 

RE  BUILDING. 

The  Government  at  the  request  of  the  Dub- 
lin Corporation  introduced  a  Bill  giving  them 
large  and  unprecedented  powers  of  dealing 
with  the  structure,  design,  and  alignment  of 
thf  new  buildings,  which  was  carefully  con- 
sidered l»y  the  Association,  and  they  decided 
to  oppose  it,  and  a  petition  was  presented  to 


the  House  against  the  second  reading  of  the 
bill.  The  opposition  was  so  strong  that  the 
Chief  Secretary  promised  that  he  would  not 
bring  forward  the  bill  for  the  third  reading 
unless  an  agreement  between  the  Association 
and  the  Dublin  Corporation  was  arrived  at. 
Negotiations  then  took  place,  with  the  result 
thai  the  present  Dublin  Reconstruction  Act  of 
1916  was  passed  as  an  agreed  Bill. 


THE   GOULDING   COMMISSION. 

The  Government  decision  regarding  the 
question  of  compensation  for  property  de- 
stroyed in  Dublin  during  the  rebellion  was 
set  out  in  the  following  communique  issued 
by  the  Under-Secretary  to  the  Lord  Lieu- 
tenant   on   Tuesday,    16th    May : — 

In  connection  with  the  destruction,  both  in 
Dublin  and  elsewhere,  of  buildings  and  their 
contents,  the  State  will  assume,  as  the  maxi- 
mum of  its  ex  gratia  grant,  the  same  liability 
as  would  have  fallen  on  the  insurance  com- 
panies if  the  risk  had  been  covered  by  the 
policies  in  force  at  the  time  of  the  recent  dis- 
turbances. 

Accordingly,  His  Excellency  the  Lord  Lieu- 
tenant has  decided  to  appoint  a  Committee — 

(a)  (i.)  to  ascertain  what  were  the  sums 
covered,  for  ordinary  fire  risks,  by  insurance 
policies  in  force  at  the  time  of  the  destruction 
of  the  property;  (ii.)  to  advise  what  part  of 
such  sums  would  normally  have  been  paid  by 
the  insurance  companies  if  the  destruction  had 
been  caused  by  accidental  fire:  and  (b)  having 
regard  to  the  information  obtained  under  the 
foregoing  heads  (i.)  and  (ii.),  to  advise  how, 
on  analogy,  the  several  claims  of  uninsured, 
persons  could  fairly  be  dealt  with. 

For  the  foregoing  purposes  looting  may  be 
deemed  to  be  burning,  but  no  consequential 
damages  of  any  kind  are  to  be  taken  into  ac- 
count. 

In  no  case  will  any  grant  be  made  in  respect 
of  the  property  of  persons  in  complicity  with 
the  outbreak. 


LITERATURE    OF   THE    REBELLION. 
♦ 

In  addition  to  the  illustrated  records  re- 
ferred to  on  page  150,  the  following  Historical 
Sketches  appeared   during  the  vear  1916: — ■ 

The  Irish  Rebellion  of  1916'  By  John  F. 
Boyle.     Constable. 

Six  Day*  of  the  Irish  Republic.  By  L.  G. 
Redmond-Howard.     Ponsonby. 

A  History  of  the  Irish  Rebellion  of  1916. 
By  Warre   B.   Wells  and  Marlowe.     Mannsell. 

Insurrection  in  Dublin.  By  James  Stephens. 
Mannsell. 

The  Irish  Rebellion  :  What  Happened  and 
Why.     B     F.  A.  Mackenzie.     Pearson. 

fh'  S.'m  F*in  Rebellion  as  I  Saw  It.  By 
Mia.   ii-  Norway.     Smith  Elder. 


251 


DEFENDERS  OF  TRINITY  COLLEGE  HONOURED. 

♦ 


On  Saturday,  5th  August,  1916,  in  the 
Provost's  gardens  of  Trinity  College)  a  pre- 
sentation from  the  citizens  of  Dublin  to  com- 
memorate the  gallant  conduct  of  the  Officers' 
Training  Corps  during  the  rebellion  was  made. 

To  the  prompt  measures,  defensive  and 
offensive,  organised  by  this  Corps  was  due  the 
preservation  of  valuable  life  and  property  in 
Grafton  street,  Nassau  street,  College  Green, 
(  allege  street,  Dame  street,  and  Westmoreland 
street,  including  not  only  the  historic  buildings 
of  the  College  itself,  but  the  Bank  of  Ireland 
and  many  other  of  our  finest  buildings. 

Appreciation  of  this  amongst  that^section  of 
the  citizens  and  property-holders  who  at- 
tributed their  immunity  from  loss  to  tne 
gallant  conduct  of  the  Officers'  Training  Corps 
materialised  by  subscription  into  a  fund,  ex- 
ceeding £700,  some  of  which  was  expended  in 
presenting  s-ilver  plate  to  the  College'to  testify 
am;    record   their  gratitude. 

Sir   Maurice   Dockrell  was  the   President  of 


the  Committee,  and  Mr.  Lewis  H.  S.  Beatfcy9 
Hon.  Secretary  and  Treasurer.  The  membei^ 
of  the  Committee  were : — Measrs.  W.  «£ 
Burke,  E.  Tenison  Collins,  Henry  DudgecnU 
Charles  Gamble,  M.  B.  Mathews,  Robert 
Mitchell,  F.  Thompson,  and  L.   A.  West. 

Two  large  presentation  silver  cups,  each, 
valued  at  £50,  and  weighing  170  ozs.,  were 
presented  to  the  Commandant  of  the  Officers* 
Training  Corps,  who,  on  behalf  of  the  Corps, 
handed  ovei  the  Cups  to  the  Provost  of  Trinity. 
A  special  silver  commemorative  replica,  was 
presented  to  Provost  Mahaffy,  and  three 
•*peei*l  silver  replicas  to  Major  R.  W.  Tate, 
Commandant;  Major  G.  A.  Harris,  Adjutant, 
and  Capt.  E.  H.  Alton,  the  Officer  Command- 
ing Infantry.  Swords  were  presented  to  the 
officers  of  the  O.T.C.,  and  silver  replicas  were 
given  to  all  ranks  of  the  Corps  who  partici- 
pated in  the  work  of  defence. 

The  following  is  the  complete  list  of  those 
who  were  awarded  replicas  of  the  cup: — 


Andrews,  W.,  Pipe  Major 
Bosonnet,  J.  E.,  Co.  Sgt-Maj. 


Alton,  E.   H.,  Captain. 
Baker,   A.  W.  W.,  Lieut. 
C'rawfurd,  J*.   W.,  Sec. -Lieut 
Luce,  A.  A.,  Lieut. 

Canning,  H.  (Ex-L:eut. 

D.U.O.T.C),   F.T.CD. 

Aidin,  A.  R.,  Cadet. 
£llardyce,  W.  S.,  Cadet 
Ashley,  M.,  Cadet  Corpl. 
Bailey,    D.    H.,   Cadet  Corpl, 
Baines,  R.   V.,  Cadet. 
Beckett,  D.  D.,  Cadet. 
Bolton,  A.  D.,  Cadet. 
Bowesman,  G.  W.,  Cadet 
Boxweli,  W.  S.,  Cadet. 
Boyd,  R.  D.,  Cadet. 
Bridge,  A.  V.,  Cadet. 
Buchanan,  W.  0.,  Cadet 
Butler,   R.    O'N.,  Cadet  Cpl. 
Callaghan,  J.  N.,  Cadet. 
Chadwick,   R.   St.   G.,  Cadet 
Chapman,  — ,  Cadet. 
Cheeke,  W    A.,  Cadet. 
Chute,  C.  J.  F.,  Cadet. 
Collen,  W.,  Cadet. 
Corbett,   R.    H.   M.,  Cadet. 
Cox,  iE,  Cadet. 
Davison,  J.   C,  Cadet  Sergt. 
Despard,  E.  R.,  Cac^t. 
Dickenson,  C.  H.,  Cadet  Sgt. 
Dowling  P.,  Storeman. 
D   ndon,  H.  C,  Cad«t. 
H  "wards,  — ,  Cadet. 
Tiford,  W.  P.,  Cadet. 
Lerguson,  W.  J.,  Cadet. 
iitEgerald.  G.  E.,  Cad;t  Cpl. 


STAFF. 

Harris,  G.  A.,  Major. 
Howell,  G.  A.,  Con.  Sgt-Maj. 

OFFICERS. 

Mitchell,  J.  M.,  Sec.  Lieut. 
Robinson,  C.  L.,  Lieut. 
Smyth,  L.  B.,  Sec. -Lieut. 

HONORARY    MEMBERS. 

Pope,  J.  S.,  Professor. 

OTYER   RANKS. 

FitzGibbon,  G.,  Cadet  Sergt. 
b'razer,  — ,  Cadet. 
French,   J.    A.,   Cadet   Corpl. 
Freeman,   C.    H.,   Cadet   Cpl. 
Goodbody,  G.  M.,  Cadet. 
Griffin,  G.,  Cadet. 
Gurney,  S.,  Cadet  Corpl. 
Harvey,   — ,   Cadet. 
Hoey,  F.  C,  Cadet. 
Howell,  R.   H.,  Cadet  Sergt. 
Jamison,  S.  W.,  Cadet. 
Jones-Nowlan,  T.  C.,  Cadet. 
Johnston,  J.  K.,  Cadet. 
Jordan,  G.  J.  L. ,  Cadet. 
Keatinge,  G.  F.,  Cadet  Sergt 
Keegan,  W.,  Cadet  Corporal. 
Kennedy,  H.   B.,  Caciet. 
Killeen,   P.   J.,   Cadet  Corpl. 
Kongh,  C.  N.,  Cadet  Sergt. 
King,  — ,  Cadet. 
Kirker,  J.,  Cadet. 
Lane,   - — ,   Cadet. 
Lawther,  J.  M.,  Cadet. 
Leslie,  W.  E.,  Cadet. 
Long,  E.,  Cadet. 
Lubbe.  W.  P..  Cadet 
Lynn-Grant,  C.  J.,  Cadet 
Madill,  T.,  Cadet. 
Marines?,  H.  A.,  Cadet. 
Mahony,  D.  McC,  Cadet  Sgt 


Hoyes,  T.,  Q.M.S. 

Tate,  R.   W.,  Major,  ComdL, 

Wal,erhouse,  G.,  Lieut. 
Wood,  G  H,  Captain 
VVylie,  W.  E.,  Sec. -Lieut. 


Joly,  J.,  Prof.,  T.C.D. 


Malone,   J.    J..   Cadet. 
Mathews,  A.    II..   Cadet  Cpl. 
Mein,  C.  B.,  Cadet  Sergt. 
Molyneux,  E.   T.,   Cadet. 
Moran,  W  A.,  Cadet. 
Mooney,  H.  L.,  Cadet. 
Moore,  T.   C.   K.,  Cadet. 
Murphy,   X  ,  Cadet. 
Murray,    E.    R.,    Cadet    Cpl. 
McBrien,  M.  E.,  Cadet 
McCaig,  M.  R.,  Cadt-t. 
McCann,  T.  S.,  Cadet 
McCullagh,  L.  S..  CaJet. 
iVicElroy,   F.    W.,   Cadet  Cpl 
McFeely,   W.   N.,   Cadet  Cpl. 
McQuade,  — ,  Cadet. 
Neale,  J.,  Cadet. 
Orr,  — ,  Cadet. 
O'lMeara,  H.  J.,  Cadet 
Peirce,  B.  J.,  Cadet  CpL 
Phipps,   I.  P.,  Cadet  Cpl. 
Powell,   G.    H  ,  Cadet. 
Powell.  P.  L.,  Cadet 
V.rice,  P.  W.,  Cadet  Q  M.S. 
ir'urcell,   W.,  Cadet. 
Quinlan,   P.    F.,  Car.et. 
Quinn,  J.   S  ,  Cad.  t. 
Robertson,  F    W.,  Cadet. 
Russell.  J     H.  S.,  Cadet. 
Russell,  W  J.  A.,  Cadet. 


252 


Rutter,W.,  Cadet  Q. M.S. 
Salazar,  D.  S.,  Cadet. 
Scallan,  R.   X.,  Cadet  Cpl. 
Seanlon,  — -,  Cadet. 
Seddall,  W.  V-.  Cadet. 
Shannon,  VV.  A.,  Cadet. 

COLONIAL    SOLDI 

454045      Pte.  Cassidy,      39th 

Res.  Canadian  Infantry. 
6343  Pte.   Charlton,  3rd  Sth. 

African  Infantry. 
2/1745  Cpl.  Don,  N.Z.F.A. 
3/1315  Corpl.    Garland,   New 

Zealand  M.  C. 
0405  Pte.  Gibson,  3rd  S.  Afr. 

Infantry. 
Chief  Steward    Mr.    Joseph 
received  replicas. 

The  following  ladies  render 
Mrs.  Dorothy  Hignett 
Miss  Elsie   Mahaffy 
Miss  Racnel  Ma  hairy 
Mrs.  Molesworth 


OTHER    RANKS    (Continued). 

Smith,  — ,  Cadet. 
Spence,  W.  N.,  Cadet  Cpl. 
Sutherland,  I.  G-,  Cadet 
Tweedy,  R.  W.,  Cadet  Sergt. 
Variaii,  W.  O.,  Cadet  Cpl. 
Walland,  — ,  Cadet. 


Webb,  G.     (Miss)  Lady  Clk. 
Weldon,  H.  B.,  Cadet 
Weir,  J.  H.,  Cadet  Cpl. 
Wheeler,  R.    H.,  Cadet  CpL 
Wigoder,  L.,  Cadet  Sergt. 
Wilson,  E.  F.,  Cadet. 


ERS    WHO    ASSISTED    IN    DEFENCE    OF    T.C.D. 

2521   Pte.    Kinnahan,  3rd   S.       4/666   Lance-Corpl.    McLeod, 


N.Z.  Ryl.  Eng.  (2nd). 
3/1347  Sgt.  Kevin,  N.Z.  M.C. 
7625  Pte.   Russell,   Sth.   Air. 

Infantry. 
12/1253     Pte.     Waring,     6th 

New  Zealand  R. 
447766    Bugler    Webb,     56th 

Can.  Infantry. 
Marshall,    and   about   20   members  r  f   the   College   Staff   also 


Afr.  Infantry. 
9208  Pte.    King,     Sth.      Afr. 

Scottish. 
1985  Pte.  McHugh,  9th  Aus. 

Infantry  Force. 
9435    Pte.    Moffitt,   3rd    Sth. 

African  Infantry. 


LADIES    WHO    SERVED. 

ed  valuable  se  rvices  during  the  rebellion  : — 

Mrs.    Annie  Elizabeth  Payne  A.  Maleolmson,  Cadet. 

Miss  Renny  Tailyour  J.   G.  Moore,  Cadet. 

Also  E.  Pinion,  Cadet. 

L.  Fenelon,  Cadet.  V.  Smythe,  Cadet. 


DEFENDERS  OF  BEGGAR'S  BUSH 

« 


BARRACKS. 


Nominal  Roll  of  Officers.  ixon-Commissioned  who  were  on  duty  in  Beggar's  Bush  Barracks 
Officers,  and  Men  of  the  l*t  (Dublin)  Bat-  during  the  period  Monday,  2/lth  A^ril  1916, 
talion    Associated    Volunteer    Training    Corps       to  Tuesday,  'And  May,  19x6. 


Allen,  G.  W.F..P1.  Comdr. 
Anderson,  R  A.,  PI.  Comdr. 
Dickinson,  C,  Co.  Comdr. 

Atkinson,  G.  R.  Private. 
Bagnall,  T.  St.,  Sec.  Comdr. 
Barnes,  Jos.   A.,  Bugler. 
Ban  :s,  Joseph,  Private. 
Beckett    U.  T.,  j.  rivate. 
Behan,  Timothy,  Private. 
Bennie,  D.  J.,  L.-Sergt. 
Browne,  Geo.,   Private. 
Burrov»es,  E.,  Sergeant. 
Callear,  H.  H.,  Private. 
Campbell,  X.    VV.  Private. 
Carey,  Thos.  H.,  P. -Sergt. 
Clery,  Ueg.   F.,  L.-Cpl. 
Connell,  J.   VV.,  Private. 
Cesser.  Robt.,  Private. 
Cox,  W.,  Private. 
Crawford,  VV.  H.,  Private. 
Cullerton,  J.  J.,  Sec.  Comdr. 
Davidson,  H.  A.  Sec.  CormV 
Day,  G.  A.   P. -Sergt. 
Doyle,   Fred.,   Private 
Dudley,  J.  J.,  Private. 
Edie,  Wm.,  Private. 
Ford    John  B.,  Bugler. 
Ford,'  G.  H.,  Private. 
Foster,  S. ,   Private. 
(Jill,  John,  Private. 
('■teen,   Harold,   Bugler. 
Guy,  Samuel,   Private. 
Harris,  >  <.   A.,   Major. 
Hamilton,  J.  M.,  L.-Cpl. 
Uanlon,  Geo  ,  Private. 
&JtM-u>.  N.,  Corporal 


OFFICERS. 

Miller,  H.  J.,  Co.  Comdr. 
McNair,  E.  A.,  PI.  Comdr. 
OToole,  J.,  S.-Major. 

OTHER       RANKS. 
Harrison,  R.  J.,  Private. 
Haughtou,  A.  E.,  L.Cpl. 
Hawkins,  W.  T,  Corporal. 
Hinch,  J.  de  W.,  Corporal. 
Hosford,  Jos. /Private. 
Hosford,  S.,  Private. 
Humphreys,  L.,  Private. 
Hutchinson, A.  J.,  Private. 
Iley,  C.E.,  L.-Cpl. 
Johnston,  W.  J.,  Private. 
Lawson,  Wm.,  Corporal. 
Leopold,  C.  S.,  Private. 
Love,  H.  E.,  Private. 
Lukt,  E.,  L.-Cpl. 
Lyster,  A.  E. ,  Private. 
L\nn,  Grant,  Cadet. 
Manning,  John,  Private. 
Millard,  Jas.  G.,  Private. 
Montgomery,  J.  A.,  Private. 
Moriarty,  L.  E.,  Sergt. 
Mundy,  Wm.,  Cpl. 
Murray,  Geo.,  Private. 
McCarthy,  S.  V.,  Private. 
McConneli,  R.  J.,  Private. 
M. 'Con-nick,  C  T.,  Private. 
McLindon,  J.  E.,  Private. 
McKae,  VV.  5.,  P.-Sergt. 
?ic*it«,    Wim.  G.,  Private. 
Newnham,  Geo.   A.,  Privai* 
O  Cleary,    P.    Mot.    Cycfat. 
O'Duniitli,  R.,  Corporal. 
V>  -uahony,  C,  Cadet. 


Webb,  Ed.,  Co.  Comdr. 
White,  J.,  Adjutant. 
Wilson,  J.,  PI.  Comdr. 

Orpin,  John,  Private. 
Pasley,  E.  T.,  Private. 
Pearce,  C.  P.,  Private. 
Penney,  Thos.  L.,  Private. 
Rae,  Thos.,  Sec.  Comdr. 
Reilly,  C.  P.,  Private. 
Robinson,  J.  n.t  Private. 
Robinson,  rtev.  J.  L.,  Sergt. 

Instructor  Musketry. 
Rooke,  R.  A.,  Private. 
Russell,  R.  H.,  Private. 
Russell,  J.   W.,  Private. 
Rym,  John,  Private. 
Ryan,  John,   Bugler. 
Sanderson,   F.  G.,  Ar-Sergt 
Shaw,  H.  G.  F.,Co.   Q.M.S. 
Shea,  A.  H.,  P.-Sergt 
Shea,  H  VV.,  Private. 
Sibthorpe,  John,  Private. 
Siothorpe,  A.  C,  L.-Sergt. 
Sloan,  John,  Private. 
Stephens,  Fred.,  Private. 
Stokes,   P.   H.,  Private. 
Strachan,  Andrew,  Sergt. 
Etiart,  VV.  B.,  Private. 
Trueman,  J.  A.,  Private. 
Tnllodi.G.  H.,  L.-Cpl. 
Walker,  H.  N.,  Private. 
Watters,  Chas.  T.,  Corporal 
West,,  F.  G.,  Private. 
Wilson,  Geo.,  Private. 
Zeland,   Hy.    VV.,   1'jr.ate. 


DUBLIN  NEWSPAPERS  IN  THE 
REBELLION. 


"IRISH  TIMES"  RECORD. 

A   PUBLICATION    TABLE. 

April  24.     Irish   Times,   freeman's  Journal, 
Express  and  Independent. 
25.     Irish  Tines  and  Independent. 
"      26.     Irish   Times  only. 
,*      27.     Irish   Times  only. 
„      23.     No  paper. 
,,      29.     No  paper. 
May      1.     Irish  Times  only. 
„       2.      Irish    Times   only. 
]       3.     Irish    Times  and  Express. 
I',       4.     i H*/'  Times,  Express  and  Indepen- 
dent. 
5.     Z/i.-A    Times,    Express,    Freeman's 
Journal,    and    Independent. 

THE   "  IRISH    TIMES'     UNIQUE    POSITION. 

The  Newspaper  World  wrote:—"  Ihe  posi. 
tion  of  the  Irish  Times  was  unique  all 
El-rough  the  insurrection.  Equipped  with 
an  independent  suction  gas  plant,  the  Irish 
Times  was  able  to  publish  its  daily  issue  up 
to  Thursday  of  the  memorable  week  when  the 
continued  rifle  and  maxim-gun  fire  in  the 
Westmoreland  street  area  made  it  impossible 
for  anyone  to  venture  around'.  Members  of 
the  several  departm;  its  in  the  office  were  in 
attendance  on  each  day,  but  the  paper  was 
not  published  on  Friday  or  Saturday.  Ihe 
Government  Proclamations  as  to  Martial  Law, 
etc.,  were  published  through  the  medium  of 
the' Irish  Times,  and  its  early  issues  of  the 
week  were  wholly  devoid  of  any  general  news 
matter,  the  contents  comprising  special 
articles  of  literary  interest  and  some  items  of 
local  events.  As  much  as  a  shilling  per  copy 
w~~  naid  for  the  Irish  Times  during  the 
height  of  the  insurrection,  and  none  of  the 
newsveno'ors  would  sell  one  under  twopence. 
Ihe  issue  published  on  Monday,  1st  May, 
v-as  dated  for  "  Fridav.  Saturday.  Monday, 
April  28  and  29,  and  May  1,  3916,"  "  for  the 
convenience  of  rersons  and  institutions  that 
file  the  Irish  Times  for  reference,"  as  ex- 
plained in  an  editorial  statement." 

THE    "WEEKLY     IRISH    TIMES"     BREAKS 
ALL    RECORDS. 

The  Weekly  Irish  Times,  alter  missing  two 
publications,  came  out  with  a  triple  issue 
dated-  April  29.  May  6  and  13  The  number 
contained  a  complete  record  of  the  rebellion, 
with  full  details  of  the  fighting,  list?  ol 
casualties,  and  prisoners  sentenced'  and  de- 
ported, and  pictures  of  the  principal*.  The 
is^ne  proved  immenselv  ]iopular,  and  had  a 
colossal  circulation,  which  far  exceeded  any- 
thing ever  previously  claimed  by  any  Hublin 
newspaper — morning,    evening,    or   weekly. 

OTHER     PUBLICATIONS. 

The  following  publications  appeared  z5> 
Various  times  during  the  twelve  months  pre- 
ceding the  Rebellion  :— 

ir,.,h  Volunteer — Printed  for  the  Proprie- 
tors at  Mahou's  Printing  Wriks,  Dub!;n,  ar.d 


published'  at   the   Volunteer   Headquarters,   2 
Dawson  street,  Dublin. 

Scissors  and  Paste. — Printed  for  the  Pro- 
prietor by  Patrick  Mahon,  at  the  office,  67 
Middle  Abbey  street,  Dublin. 

Fianna. — Printed  by  the  Irish  Industrial 
Printing  and  Publishing  Co.,  49  Middle  Abbey 
street,  Dublin,  for  the  Fianna  Publishing  Co., 
1  College  street,  Dublin. 

The  Eye  Opener. — Published  bv  the  Pro- 
prietor, and  printed'  for  him  by  The  O'Connell 
Press,  7  College  street,  Dublin. 

Sinn  Fein. — Printed  by  Devereux,  Newth 
and  Co.,  49  Middle  Abbey  street.  Published 
by  Sinn  Fein  Co.  at  same  address. 

The  Irish  Worlt-r. — Printed'  for  the  proprie- 
tors at  the  City  Printing  Works,  13  Stafford 
street,  and  published  by  him  at  13  Beresi'rnd 
place,  in  the  City  of  Dublin. 

Irish  Freedom. — Printed  by  Patrick  Mahon, 
3  Yavnhail  street,  Dublin,  for  the  proprietors 
and  publishers,  by  them,  at  their  office,  5 
Findlater  place,   Dublin. 

The  Toiler. — Printed  for  the  proprietor,  P. 
J.  McLntyre,  by  the  Western  News  Company, 
at  Ballinasloe,  Co.  Galway. 

Irish  Review. — Simpkin,  Marshall,  Hamil- 
ton, Kent  and  Co.,  London.  Falconer,  Dub- 
lin. 

New  Ireland. — Printed  for  the  New 
Ireland  Publishing  Co.,  Limited,  by  the 
Wood  Printing  Works,  13  Fleet  street,"  Dub- 
lin. 

SEDITIOUS    PAPERS. 

In  the  published  minute*  of  evidence  taken, 
before  the  Royal  Commission  on  the  rebellion 
there  is  an  appendix  of  documents  in  which 
there  is  given  the  following  list,  produced  bv 
Sir  Matthew  Nathan,  of  seditious  weekly- 
papers  circulating  in  Ireland  : — ■ 

The  Irish  Volunteer. — Owner,  Bulmer  Hob- 
son,  2  Dawson  street.  Editor,  John  MacNeiH, 
Woodtown  Park,  Rathfarnham. 

The  S park.  —Owner,  Mananna  Peroliz,  10 
North  Great  George's  street.  Editor  (sup- 
posed), Countess  Markievicz,  49B  Leinster 
road,  Rathmines. 

New  Ireland. — Owners,  The  New  Ireland! 
Printing  and  Publishing  Co.,  13  Fleet  street. 
Editor,  Denis  Gwynn,  B.A.,  37  Aylesbury 
road. 

The  Workers'  I?e  public—Owner,  Helena 
Moluner,  70  Eccles  street.  Editor,  James 
Connolly,  49B  Leinster  road. 

The  Hibernian. — Owners,  Parent  Body  ol 
A.O.H.  Editor,  Kr.  Stephen  Bollard,  23 
North  Frederick  street. 

Nationality. — Ownet.  Sean  McDermott,  12 
D'Oher  street.  Edito-  Arthur  Griffith,  122 
St.  Lawrence  road,  Clontarf. 

Ilont^ly — Owner  and  '  =  'inpo?ed]  editor,  Miss 
Mary  Walker,  101  Lower  Mount  street. 

The  Irishman. — Owner  and  editor,  Heiberb 
M.    Pirn,   Belf.i-t. 

The  Ijael. — Owner,  Edward  Dwver,  I'allagh, 
(loold's  Cross,  i'ipperary.  Editor,  Edwarc 
Dw  ver. 


254 


PASSES  GRANTED  BY  THE 
MILITARY  AND  FOLI€E. 


> 


SOME  SPEC1MEISS. 


On  Wednesday,  26tli,  and  Thursday,  27th, 
April,  the  granting  of  permits  to  those  whose 
occupations  required  them  to  pass  to  and  fro 
in  the  city  and  suburbs  was  considered  by 
the  mVitary  authorities.  Later  on,  when  the 
railway  and  shipping  services  wer*  resumed, 
permits  to  travel  from  and  to  Dublin,  and  to 
England  and  Scotland  were  granted  by  the 
military  and  police  authorities.  These 
"passes"  or  "permits"  were  variously 
■worded1  according  to  the  issuing  body,  and 
the  requirements  of  the  individual  in  whose 
favour  they  were  drawn.  To  some  of  these 
granted  by  the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary  the 
photograph  of  the  person  in  whose  favour  it 
had  been  given  was  attached.  The  following 
are   some   general   specimens  :— 

Headquarters,    Irish    Command, 
,      Parkgate,    ISublin,   29th   April,    1916. 

TO  WHOM  IT  CONCERNS. 

Mr ,  residing  at  is 

an   employe   of    .,,    and   is   entitled 

to  pass  to  and  from   office  and  his 

residence  as  necessity  may  require. 

(Signed)  I.  H.  Price. 


i  Headquarters,    Irish    Command, 

Parkgate,  Dublin* 

No 

2nd  May,   1916. 

1*ass  Bearer  anywhere  at  any 

time  

R.  C.  Kelly,  I.  H.  Price, 

Captain    Staff.  Major, 

intelligence  Officer    General  Staff. 


Issued'  at  Kingstown. 


Stamp. 

A.  4 
2J-V.-16. 

The    Bearer    has    permission 

from  the  Military  Authorities  to  enter  and. 
leave  the  Kingstown  Area  for  Pier  ©n  one  oc- 
casion only,  available  22-v.-'16. 

Holder  s  Signature.  VV.  Hodson, 

Actinsr  A.  P.M. 


Assistant   1'iovost  Marshal,   Dublin. 

No 

Date— 22-5-"15. 

Lower  Cast)*   Yv^ 
Dublin. 

riw«>e    pw    between    Dublin 

v*<).  tinjland,  via  Kingstown. 

lowerscourt,  Major. 
/  Asst.   Provost- Marshal.   Dublin. 


Dublin    M etropoli tan  ;  Police. 

May,  1916. 

Please  pass ,  of  , 

through   the   streets  oL  the    city   and    D.M.P. 
.  Area. 

W.    Edgeworth -Johnstone, 
Commissioner. 

This  is  endorsed  by  the  R.  I.   Constabulary 

for    persons    leaving  Dublin    by    rail   or   road. 
This  endorsement  reads: — 

R.  I.  Constabulary  Office, 

Dublin  Castle. 
— Within  pass  is  valid  for  the  district  out- 
ride the  D.M.P.   area. 

Neville  Chamberlain, 
Inspector-General, 
3-5-'16.  R.l.C. 


Royal  Irish   Constabulary, 

Kilrush,  Co.  Clare, 
18-5-  '16. 
Permit. 

The. beater  ,  of  ,  in  the  County 

of  Clare,  Is  known  to  me  to  be  a  loyal  person, 
and  may  le  permitted  to  embark  for  England. 

(Signed)  Patrick  Dowling,  D.I.,  R.l.C. 

Signature  of  bearer  appended 


District    Inspector's   Office,  , 

R.  1.  Constabulary, 

Cork— South,   May    22nd',    '16. 
City  of  Cork. 

The   bearer   ,   of    ,   has 

my  permission  to  travel  from  Cork  to  Liver- 
pool on  22nd  day  of  May,  1916,  for  the  purpose 
of   visiting   friends. 

C.   A.  Walsh,   District  Inspector,, 

All  concerned. 

Photo  of   bearer  attached   to  this  pass., 


District  Inspector's  Office, 

King  street,  Cork. 
20th.  May,   1916. 
Permit. 

The   Bearer,   ,  of   ban 

authority  to  proceed  to  London  via  Holyhead 
on  22n4  day  of  May,  1916.  The  object  of  her 
journey  is     Private     Business.        Description 

,     Eyes  ,  Nose     , 

Complexion    ,    Height    ..,    Age 

,    Occupation    ,    Married    or 

Single  

Signature  of  Bearer. 

O.   R.   Swanzy,  D.I.,   R.I.O. 

AH  concerned.  'i- 

Photo  of  bearer  attached  to  this  pas«6 


255 


IKISH    POLICE     AND     CONSTABU- 
LARY RECOGNITION  FUND. 

— — ♦ 

DISTRIBUTION  OF  REWARDS. 

On  Thursday,  17th  May,  1917..  at  the  Royal 
Irish  Constabulary  Depot,  in  the  Phoenix 
Park,  Dublin,  ninety  officers  and  men  of 
the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary  and  Dublin 
Metropolitan  Police  were  presented  with  cer- 
tificates of  honour  for  their  conspicuous  ser- 
vice in  the  suppression  of  the  rebellion  of 
1916.  The  presentation  was  made  by  Sir 
Maurice  Dockrell,  on  behalf  of  the  Irish  police 
and  Constabulary  Recognition  Fund.  The 
certificate  was  designed  by  Mr.  Richard  Orpen, 
R.H.A. ,  of  the  Royal  Hibernian  Academy.  It 
was  worded  thus  : — 

Presented  in  recognition  of  service  to  the 
State  during  the  Sinii  Fein  Rebellion  of  1916 
by  the  Executive  of  the  Irish  Police  and  Con- 
stabulary   Recognition   Fund. 

Each  certificate  was  neatly  framed  and 
signed  by  the  Earl  of  Meath,  President  of 
the  Committee. 

Along  with  the  certificate  of  his  honour  each 
of  the  policemen  was  given  £5  in  scrip  of  the 
War  Loan.  The  officers  did  not  receive  this 
monetary  award. 

Brigadier-General  Byrne,  on  behalf  of  the 
Royal  Irish  Constabulary,  and  Colonel  Edge- 
worth-Johnstone,  on  behalf  of  the  Dublin 
Metropolitan  Police,  thanked  Sir  Maurice 
Dockrell  and  the  other  members  of  the  Com- 
mittee of  the  fund. 


AWARDS    PRESENTED  TO    R.l.C.   MEN    AT   THE 
DEPOT. 

The  following  is  the  official  list  of  officers 
and  men  of  the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary  who 
were  presented  with  Certificates  and  War  Loan 
Stocks  by  the  Committee  of  the  Irish  Police 
and  Constabulary  Recognition  Fund  at  the 
R.l.C.    Depot  on  17th  May,    1917:— 

Amount 

of 

stock. 

R.l.C.    OFFICE. 

County  Inspector  J.  E.  L.  Holmes  

District    Inspector    G.    H.    Mercer  

District  Inspector  C.  C.  H.  Moriarty 

Meath. 
County  Inspector  George  B.  Heard 

(Navan) : 

R.l.C.    DEPOT. 

Sergt.   J.   J.   Bowman     £5  0  0 

Sergt.   J.   F.   Gillespie 5  0  0 

Sergt,  Patrick  Hyland     ,  5  0  0 

Sergt.    Isaac    Reid 5  0  0 

Act.   Sergt,   John  Coughlan  5  0  0 

Constable   Thos.    O'Connor    .. 5  0  0 

Constable  Peter  Folan, 500 

Constable  Joseph  Regan     5  0  0 

CO.    GALWAY,    E.R. 

.  Head    Constable    Hugh    M.    Crean 

(Ballinasloe)     5    0    0 


Sergt.  Peter  O'Regan  (Athenry)  ...  6  0  0 

Constable    John    Clarke    (Moyville)  6  0  0 

Constable  Owen  M'Glade  (Ballina- 
sloe       5  0  0 

Constable     Joseph     Patton     (Lau- 

rencetown) 5  0  0 

Constable  Charles  Ginty  (Gurteen)  6  0  0 

CO.    CALWAY.   W.R. 

Sergt.   James  Healy  (Oranmore)   ...  5  0  0 

Act.      Sergt.      Samuel      M'Carthy 

(Clonbern) 5  0  0 

Constable  Anthony  Barrett  (Oran- 
more)   5  0  0 

Constable  James  Shea  (Cummer)...  5  0  0 

Constable  Hugh  Hamilton  (Gal- 
way)       *10  0  0 

Constable   James    Farrell    (Galway)  5  0  0 

CO.    KERRY. 

Sergt.       Daniel      Crowley      (Ba'ly- 

heigue)       5  0  0 

Act.    Sergt.    Bernard    Reilly    (Ard- 

fert)        '500 

Constable  George  Carter  (Causeway)  5  0  0 

Constable         Patrick         O'Connell 

(Tralee)      .'. 5  0  0 

CO.   LOUTH. 

Sergt,    Michael    Wymes    (Dundalk)  5  0  0 

Constable  Richard  Kelly  (Ardee)...  5  0  0 

Constable  Jas.  Doherty  (Drogheda)  5  0  0 

CO.    MEATH. 

Sergt.   Wm.   O'Connell  (Athboy)...  5  0  0 

Sergt.  John  Griffin  (Boherrneen)  ...  5  0  0 
Act.  Sergt.  Patrick  Sullivan  (Moy- 

naltv)        5  0  0 

Constable   Wm.   E.   Johns   (Navan)  »15  0  0 

Constable  Tim   Finan   (Boherrneen)  *15  0  0 

Constable  Patrick  Drinan  (Nobber)  *15  0  0 

Constable  Patk.  Conneely  (Athboy)  *15  0  0 
Constable    M.     J.  Duggan  (Crossa- 

kiel)        *15  0  0 

Constable  Patrick    M'Keon  (Slane)  *15  0  0 

Constable  Eugene  Bratton  (Navan)  5  0  0 

CO.    WEXFORD. 

Sergt.  Michael  Collopy  (Wexford)...  5  0  0 
Sergt.    Peter   Gunnigle   (Oylgate)...  5  0  0 
Constable  Michael  Moore  (Wexford)  5  0  0 
Constable  Michael  M'Carthy  (Wex- 
ford)   5  0  0 

Constable  Cornelius  Sullivan  (Wex- 
ford)         5.  0  0 

Constable   John   Sullivan    (Oylgate)  5  0  0 
•Wounded. 

AWARDS   TO    DUBLIN    METROPOLITAN    POLICE 

AT   THE    R.l.C.    DEPOT. 

The  following  is  the  official  list  of  awards  of 
Certificates    and    Stock    made    to    the    Dublin 

Metropolitan  Police  at  the  R.l.C.  Depot  on 
17th  May,  1917:— 

Amount  of 

Divi-    Rank,  Name  and  Divisional  War  Stock 

sion.                      Number.  awarded. 

A    Const.  Ed.  J.  Sheppard,  176  5  0  0 

A     Const.  Patrick  Downing,    45  5  0  0 

A    Const.   John   Wbelan          37  5  0  0 


215 


B  Sgt.    John   Barton. 

B  Sgt.  John  R.  Megahey, 

B  Sgt.  Stephen  Murphy, 

B  Sgt.   Michael  Sheehan, 

B  Sot.   William    Gore, 

B  Sgt.  Cuthbert  O'Connell, 

P,  Sgt.    Denis   Cotter. 

B  Sot.   Patrick  H.   Curley, 

B  Sgt.   Michael  McSharry, 

B  Sgt.  Bernard  Reiily. 

B  Sgt.  John  Lyons. 

B  Sgt.  James  Neil"!. 

B  Sgt,    John   Reddv,    ' 

B  Sgt.   Arthur  Rellis, 

C  Stn.  Sgt.  Patrick  Barker, 

C  Set.  John  Yooag, 

C  Const,   Robt.   R.    Dovle, 

G  Const.  Andrew  Buckley. 

D  Stn.   Sgt.  John  Hughes, 

D  Sgt,  Martin  Tuohey, 

D  Const,  Thomas  Donohoe 

I)  Gonst.  John  Healy, 

D  Gonst.  Charles  Hales, 

D  Gonst,  Hugh  Murphy, 

E  Sgt.    John   Walsh. 

E  Sgt,  Patrick  J.  Haugh, 

E  Gonst,  Daniel  McMuilan 

E  Const.  Matthew  Byrne, 

E  Const.  Michael  Devine, 

E  Const.   Michael  Grace, 

F  Const,  William  Harmon, 

F  Const,  Andrew  Kilgallon, 

F  Const.   Michael  Davis, 

F  Const.  Jeremiah  Tangney, 

F  Const.    Charles  Nicholson. 

F  Const.  Timothy  Moiiarty, 

G  Tnspr.   Neil  McFeely, 

G  D.O.  Michael  McKeogh, 

G  D.O.    Thomas   Mannion, 

G  D.O.  Michael  McGowan, 

G  Gonst.   Patrick  J.   Myles. 
Corpl.    James   H.      Coulter.      M 

Police  (formerly  D.M.P.) 
Ex-Constable  John  McGrath, 
Ex-Constable  Edward  Dunphy, 


11 

1? 

186 

76 

59 

48 

189 

121 


72 

115 

161 

113 

7 

10 

69 

213 

6 

19 

39 

175 

119 

69 

14 

21 

51 

64 

129 

30 

35 

53 

7ft 

,  68 

31 

97 

31 
55 
^0 
?7 
F. 


0  0 

0  0 

0  0 

0  0 

0  0 

10    0  0 

5    0  0 

0  0 

0  0 

0  0 

0  o 

0  0 

0  0 

0  0 

0  0 

0  o 

0  0 

0  0 

15    0  0 

5    0  0 

10    0  0 

0  0 

0  0 

0  0 

0  o- 

0  0 

0  0 

0  0 

0  0 

0  0 

0  0 


0  0 

0  0 

0  0 

0  0 

0  0 

0  0 

0  0 

0  0 

0  0 

0  0 


5    0    0 

190    0    0 

10    0    0 


Total £440    0    0 

OFFICERS. 

The  fallowing  is  the  official  list  of  officers 
of  the  Roval  Irish  Constabulary  who  were 
awarded  Certificates  of  Merit  by  the  Com- 
mittee of  the  Irish  Police  and  Constabulary 
Recognition  Fund,  but  were  not  present  at  the 
Depot  parade  on  17th  May,  1917:— 

COUNTY    INSPECTORS. 
E    M.   davton,   Gnalwayi   E.R..    (Ballinasloe). 
(',     B.   Ruttledge,  palw'ay,   W.R.    (Galway). 
H    O'H     Bill,  Kerry  'T.;,V<). 
Hul.M-t  \V.  Crane  Kind's  Go.    (Tnllamore). 
V    C  V.  Ireland,  Louth  (Dundalk). 
J.  R.  Slimpc.  Wexford  (Wexford). 

DISTRICT     INSPECTORS. 

Charles  Collins,  Galway.  E.R.   (Athenry— now 

stationed  at  Granard) . 
Philip  McDonagh,   Galway,   MR.   (Loughrea). 
Thomas  Neylon,  Galway,  W.R.   (Ou^hterard). 
I  at  rick    Falvey,    Galway,    W.R.    (Gurt — now 

.-tatioi:t'd  at  Dnnfunaghy). 


F.  A.  Britten,  Kerry   (Tralee). 

John  Fitzgerald,  King's  Co.  (Tullamore — now- 
stationed  at  Navan.) 

T.  D.  Norris,  Louth  (Dundalk). 

J.   A.   Carbery,  Louth  (Drogheda). 

P.  T.  Roe,  Monaghan  (Carrickiun cross). 

P.  J.  O'Hara,  Wexford  (Wexford). 

Anthony  McLean,  Wexford  (New  Ross). 

R.  R.  Heggart,  Wexford  (Enniscoi'thy). 

Bernard  McGovern,  Wicklow  (Arklow). 

Charles  McGowan,  Galwav,  W.R.  (Dunmore). 
(At  the  time  of  the  Rebellion  he  was  a 
Head  Constable  at  Portumna,  Co.  Gal- 
way, E.R.). 

Denis  Barrett,  Clare  (Kilrush).  (At  the  time 
of  the  Rebellion  he  was  a  Head  Constable 
at  Turloughmore,  Co.  Galway). 

John  Kearney,  Roscommon  (Boyle).  (At  the 
time  of  the  Rebellion  he  was  a  Head 
Constable  at  Tralee). 

DISCHARGED    R.I.C.   MEN. 

The   following  is  the   official  list  of  men  of 
the    Royal    Irish   Constabulary    discharged    on 
Injury  Pensions  as  permanently  incapacitated, 
who     received  Certificates     and     War     Stock 
(£140  each)   from  the  Committee  of  the  Irish 
Police  and  Constabulary  Recognition  Fund  :■ — 
Sergt.   P.   J.   Scully,  Meath    (Stirrupstown). 
Const.  Henry  Leckey,  Meath  (Oldcastle). 
Const.   Patrick  Cunningham,  Meath    (Dillons- 
bridge). 
Gonst.  Patrick  Grace,  Wexford  (Enniscorthy). 

WSUNDED    R.I.C.    MEN. 

The  following  is  the  list  of  seventeen  men 
(wounded)  not  permanently  incapacitated,  who 
received  Certificates  and  War  Stock  from  the 
Committee  of  the  Irish  Police  and  Constabu- 
lary Recognition  Fund  : — 


CO.    MHATH. 

Constahle  F.  P.  Glennon  (Trim) 
♦Constable  W.  E.  Johns  (Navan) 
•Constable  M.  J.  Duggan  (Crossa- 

kiel) 

♦Constable  T.  Finan  (Bohermeen) 
♦Constable  P.  Drinan  (Nobber)  .. 
Constable  H.  McGann  (Oldcastle) 
Constable  J.  Murphy  (Robins- 
town)       

Constable  F.  Kenny  (Athboy)... 
"Constable  P.  McKeon  (Slane)... 
Act.  Sergt.  M.  Mulvihill  (Trim) 
(now  serving  in  Co.  Tyrone] 
♦Constable  P.  Conneely  (Athboy) 

CO.    GALWAY.    E.R. 

Constable  J.    Ginty   (Moyvilla)    ... 

CO.     GALWAY.     W.R. 

♦Constable  H.  Hamilton  (Galway) 
(.unstable     D.    Manning     (Lough- 


Amount 

of 

s 

tocl 

;- 

£10 

0 

0 

15 

0 

0 

15 

0 

0 

15 

0 

0 

15 

0 

0 

15 

0 

0 

15 

0 

0 

15 

0 

0 

15 

0 

0 

15 

0 

0 

15 

0 

0 

george)        

Constable   M.    Meany    (Galway)... 

CO.    KERRY. 

Constable    M.    Cleary     (Listowel) 


15    0    0 


10    0    0 

10    0    0 
15    0    0 


15    0    0 


257 


Nonstable    T.     McLoughlin    (Kil- 

larney) 15    0    0 

*The  seven  men  ma  iked  with  an  asterisk  are 
acluCed  in  the  list  of  men  -who  attended  the 
L)epct  parade  on  17th  May,  1917. 

WARDS  TO  R.I.C.  MEN  THROUGHOUT  THE 
COUNTRY. 

The  following  is  the  official  list  of  175 
tf.G.O.'s  and  men  of  the  Royal  Irish  Con- 
tabulary  who  were  each  awarded  Certificates 
ind  £5  War  Stock  by  the  Committee  of  the 
Irish  Police  and  Constabulary  Recognition 
fund.  This  list  is  in  addition  to  the  names 
I  men  who  were  present  at  the  R.I.C. 
fepoton  17th  May.  1917:— 

CO.    GALWAY,     E.R.. 

Head   Constables. 
ohn  O'Sullivan,  Craughwell. 
ohn   B.    O'Callaghan,   Athenry. 

Sergeants. 
lichael  Carmody,  Monivea.  Co.   Galway. 
latthew   Dowd,   Athenry. 
'.  J.    Gates,   Ballygurrane. 
.lichael   Gibbons,    Athenry. 
J.    Hargaden.    Newford. 

Constables. 

lichael  Reynolds,  Athenry. 

ohn  Lynch,   Athenry. 

'homas  McGovern,  Newiord. 

'atrick  O'Brien,  Athenry. 

Sernard  Gannon,  Athenry. 

'homas   Murphy,    Athenry. 

lichael  Reynolds,  Loughrea. 

'.  J.   O'Keeffe,  Ballygurrane. 

'atrick  Burke,  Athenry. 

)enis  Doherty,  Gurteen. 

licholas  Collins,  Riverville. 

'atrick  Coleman,  Colmanstown. 

•wen  Rooney,  Ballygurrane. 

I.   J.   Brennan,   Ballygurrane. 

oseph  McCaffrey,  Newford. 

■hc.Tias  Grady,  Athenry  (now  serving  in  Co. 
Westmeath). 

eremiah  llegarty,  Castleblakeney  (now  serv- 
ing in  Co.  Kerry). 

CO.    GALWAY,    W.R. 

Head   Constables. 
ohn    Golden,    Galway     (now    serving    in   Co. 

Kerry). 
!.  J.   Killacky,  Galway. 
atrick  Duffy,  Gort. 

Sergeants. 

ohn  Clarke,  Galway. 
ames  Brennan.  Galway. 
Bpiam    Elliott,    Ardrahan. 
homas  Redington,  Maam  Cross. 
homas  Reilly,  Kinvarra   (now  serving  in  Co. 
Armagh). 

Acting-Sergeants. 

homas  Walsh,  Carraroe. 
ohn  Casey,  Galway. 

Constables. 

atrick  Smyth,  Oranmore. 
atrick  McShane,  Lougbgeorgeo 
aniel  Foley,  Oranmore. 


John  Conlon,  Maam. 
Michael  Lavelle,  Lai  agbmore  Hnto 
James  -Hannon,  Oranmore. 
Peter  Heffernan,  Oranmore. 
Martin  McEvoy,  Galway. 
Maurice  Walsh,  Clonboo. 
Martin  Callagy,  Galway. 
Michael  Donegan,  Galway. 
Patrick  Durkan,   Galway. 
William  O'Sullivan,  Errismore. 
Patrick  Rourke,  Galway.. 
Florence  Sullivan,  Mace. 
James  Noonan,   Salthilh 
Patrick  McGloin,  Galway. 

D.  F    Kelly,   Kinvarra. 
George  Barrer,  Tuam. 

W.  E.  McGarrv,  Tuam  (now  serving  in  King's 

Co.) 
Thomas  McLoughlin,  Turloughmore. 
John   C.   Palmer,   Corofin,   Ballyglunin. 
Martin  Crean,  Kilcolgan. 
Bernard  McBreen.  Galway. 
Thomas  Kirwan,  Kilcolgan. 
Edward  Brennan,  Kilcolgan. 
Edward  Reilly,  Oranmore   (died  l9-3-'17.) 
James  Maguire,  Kilcolgan. 
Eugene  Igoe,  Galway. 
James  Hanlev,  Kinvarra. 
Richard  H.  Noonan,  Kinvarra. 
Michael  McCarthy,  Kinvarra. 
Florence  McCarthy,  Gort   'now  ferving  in  Co. 

Westmeath). 

JO.    KERRY. 

Sergeants. 
Thomas  J.  Hearn,  Ardfert- 
R.    A.    Crawford,    Tralee. 
Patrick  Brennan,  Causeway. 
Thomas  O'Rourke,  Tralee. 
Thomas  Rahil),  Farranfcre. 

Acting-Sergeant, 

F.  J.  McKenna,  Tralee. 

Constables. 
George  Neazer,  Tralee. 
Michael  J.  Dowd,  Brosna. 
James  Donovan.  Ballinillane. 

CO.  LOUTH. 

Head!    Constable. 

E.  J.  Donnelly,  Dundalk. 

Sergeants. 

Edmund  McDonagb,  Drogbeda. 
Christopher  Sheridan,  Dundalk  (now  en  pen- 
sion). 

Acting-Sergeant. 
Patrick  Kiernan,   Dundalk 

Constables. 
Patrick  Donovan,  Castlebellingham. 
Patrick  Marren,  Drogheda 

CO.  MEATH., 

Head!    Constable. 
Denis  McHugh,   Na^an. 

Sergeants. 

Terence  McDermott,  Ballivor. 
Hugh  Brady,  Cainaross. 
Martin  Coyle,  Killyon. 
John  Colbert.  Navan. 


£33 


Patrick  Brady,  Kilmoon. 
Thomas  Donogbue,  Shine. 

Acting-Sergeant. 

Daniel  Wynne,   Kilmainha'nvwood. 

Constables. 

Peter  Murtagh,   Slane. 
Oliver  Watson,   Kells. 
Thomas  Murphy,  Navan. 
Michael  Begley,   Kells. 
John  MeGearty,  Ballivor. 
Thomas  Foley,  Athboy. 
John  Gronell,  Enfield. 
William  Breen.  Kells. 
W.    V.    Grey.   Kells. 
John   Maddock,    Drumconra. 
William  Cox,  Dunboyne. 
J.  J.   Curley,  Navan. 
M.  J.  MeMahon.  Duleek. 
Martin   Gara,   Killyon. 
Patrick   Neill,   Nobber. 
Thomas   A.    McCavish,    Navan. 
Roger  B.  Kelly.  Kells. 
Denis  McGilly'cuddy.  Stirrapstown. 
John  Shanahan,  Collon. 
Francis  Furey,  Dillonsbridge. 
Richard  Mavock,  Carnaross.   - 
<v".  T.  McMillen,  Oldcastle. 
Patrick  Gunning,   Long-wood. 
J.  J.  Higgins,  George's  Cross. 
Tat  rick  Geoghegan,  Kilmoon. 
Thomas  Keighary.   Dunshaughlin. 
John  Tievney,   Dunshaughlin. 
Robert  McMullan.  Kilmoon. 
Michael  Mulvihill.  Ashbourne. 
Martin  Svron,  Ashbourne. 
E.   M.  Tully,  Ashbourne. 
Charles  Magnire,  Robinstnwn. 
Samuel  Patterson,   Movnalty   (now  serving  in 
Co.  Tyrone).   - 

CO.    WEXFORD. 

k'.c-ad    Constables. 
Michael  O'SuHivan,  New  Ross. 
Timothy   Collins,    Enniscorthy. 
W.    G.    McDonongh.    Gorey. 
Francis  McGrath,  Wexford. 

Sergeants. 

John  Oliver,  Enniscorthy. 

Michael  Doyle.  Enniscorthy. 

] 'at  rick  Tuohy,  Gorey: 

M.    J.    Lyons,    Ferns. 

John    Begley.   Wexford. 

Michael   O'Hara,    Wexford. 

(  ornelius    O'SuHivan,    New    Ross. 

Patrick   E.    Davey,    Ballinaboola. 

Henry  Murphy,  Oulart. 

John   ( !ai'l"OS,   (  'ainolin. 

Acting-Sergeant. 

Maurice  Drake,  Coolgreney. 

Constables. 

Thomas  Griffin,  Enniscorthy. 
Thomas  Cahill,  Eunisroithy. 
Thomas  Scanlan,  BallybraziL 
Peter  O'Brien,   Ferns, 
Patrick    Sloane,    Enniscorthy. 


Edmond   Foran,   HolJvfort. 
R.  P.  Tighe,  Caaioh'h. 
Patrick  Kelly,   Gyrate. 
Daniel  Crowley,   Wexford. 
Matthew  Nomtovlo.  Wexford. 
John  Godd,  Wexford. 
John  Desmond,  Wexford. 

Bryan    Donelon.    New    Ross    (now    servina    i 
'  Co.  Cork,  E.R.) 

CO.   DUBLIN. 

Head    Constable. 

John  E.  Hunter,  Balbriggan. 

Constable. 

Joseph  G.  Thorpe,  Don  a  bate. 

CO.    KILKENNY. 

Head    Constable. 

George  Frizelle,  Kilkenny   (now  on  pension). 

CO.    TYRONE. 

Head    Constable. 

Hugh  O'Neill,   Cookstow  n. 

Acting-Sergoaiit. 

Timothy  S.  Ryan,  Stewartstown. 

Constables. 

Bernard  Conway,  Broughderg. 
Matthew  J    Molloy,  Rock. 
Michael  Dunne,   Cookstown. 

KING'S     COUNTY. 

Head    Constable. 

Joseph  H.  Stuart,  Tullamore  (now  on  pension) 

Sergeants. 

Philip  Ahem,  Tullamore  (now  on  pension). 
CORK,    E.R. 

Sergeants. 

Samuel  Caldbeck,   Ballincollig. 
John   O'SuHivan,    Newmarket. 

Constables. 

Owen  Dolan,  Ferrnoy. 
Francis  King,  Ahern. 
James  Norris,   Fermoy. 
Thomas  Walsh,  Fermoy. 

CO.    MAYO. 

Sergeants. 

Daniel  Fitzgerald,  Cong. 

Constable. 

Martin  O'Donnell,   Cong. 

CO.     CAVAN. 

Constable. 

Augustine  O'Bi'ien,   Ballinagh. 

CO.  CLARE. 
Constable. 

J.  J.  Loftus,  Morris  Mills. 

CO.    KILDARE. 

Constable. 

William  Kyae,  Eniield. 


259 


WHO'S  WHO  IN  THIS  HANDBOOK. 


ADAMS,  John  F.  (38),  a  member  of  the 
Citizen  Army,  was  killed  in  the  fighting  in 
St.  Stephen's  Green.  He  left  a  widow  and 
child. 

ALDRIDGE,  Sergt.  John  Wm„  10th  Royal 
Dublin  Fusiliers,  was  serge»nt  of  the  guard  at 
Portobello  Barracks  on  Wednesday,  26th 
April,  when  the  three  men  were  shot. 

ALLAT,  Colonel  II.  T.  N.,  Royal  Irish 
Rifles,  was  killed  in  action  in  the  vicinity  of 
the-  South  Dublin  Union.  He  was  subsequently 
mentioned  in  despatches  for  distinguished  ser- 
vices. In  the  House  of  Commons  on  Tuesday, 
13th  February,  1917,  Mr.  Macpherson,  Under 
Secretary  for  War,  answering  a  question  by 
Mr.  Swift  MacXeill.  said  that  Colonel  Allat 
was  present  during  the  raid  on  the  house  of 
Mrs.  Sheehy  Skeffington.  Being  a  retired 
officer  re-employed  as  a  draft  conducting 
officer  only.  Colonel  Allat  exercised  no  com- 
mand, and  accompanied  the  party  on  his  cun 
initiative. 

ALLEN.  Thomas,  was  a  native  of  Co. 
Meath,  aged  29,  and  an  active  member  of  the 
Volunteers,  who  devoted  a  large  measure  cf 
his  leisure  to  drilling  his  men.     He  was  made 

lieutenant  on  Easter  Monday,  and  while 
fighting  in  the  Four  Courts  was  severely 
wounded,  and  removed  to  the  Richmond  Hos- 
pital, where  he  died.  He  left  a  widow  and 
three  children.  The  body  of  Allen  was 
exhumed  at  Glasnerin  Cemetery  on  6th  Janu- 
ary, 1917,  and  removed  to  Longwood,  Moy- 
valley,  Co.  Meath,  where  the  remains  were  re- 
interred. 

ALTON,  Capt.  E.  H.,  was  in  command  of  the 
Dublin  University  Officers'  Training  Corps  at 
the  outbreak,  and  took  the  initial  step  in  the- 
defence  of  Trinity  College.  He  was  men- 
tioned in  despatches,  and  awarded  the  Mili- 
tary Cross  for  his   services. 

BAILEY,  Daniel  Julian,  who  travelled 
from  Germany  in  the  submarine  with  Roger 
Casement,  was  born  in  Dublin.  He  joined  the 
Royal  Irish  Rifles  in  1904,  and  had  served 
with  his  regiment  in  India.  When  the  war 
broke  out  he  was  employed  as  a  goods  porter 
at  Paddington,  and  was  calkd  up  as  a  re- 
servist. He  sailed  with  the  original  Expedi- 
tionary Force  tj  France.  He  shared'  the  for- 
tunes of  the  force  djiing  the  early  days  of 
the  campaign,  and  was  taken  prisoner  by 
the  Germans  on  September  4,  1914.  When 
Casement  went  among  the  Irish  prisoners  at 
Limberg  to  raise  an  Irish  Brigade,  Bailey  was 
one  of  the  K.W  who  joined  it.  He  did  so,  as 
he  afterwards,  explained  in  order  to  get  out  of 
Germany  and  be  able  to  return  to  his  regi- 
ment, and  when  placed  on  his  trial  after 
Casement  had  been  sentenced  to  death  the 
Attorney-General  intimated  that  the  charge 
against  Bailey  was  withdrawn,  and  he  was  re- 
leased. 


BALCH,  Major,  was  the  medical  officer  on 
duty  at  Portobello  Barracks  on  Easter  Week. 
He  examined  the  bodies  of  the  three  men 
shot  there  on  Wednesday,  26th  April. 
At  the  Simon  Commission  Mr.  T.  M.  Healy 
said  that  Major  Batch  had  since  been  sent  to 
Sierra  Leone. 

BARTON,  Constable  John,  37  B,  Dublin 
Metropolitan  Police,  was  awarded  the  King's 
Medal  for  conspicuous  gallantry,  exceptional 
ability,  and  devotion  to  duty.  On  the  first 
night  of  the  rebellion  he  arrested  27  looters 
in  the  vicinity  of  O'Connell  Bridge,  and  two 
armed  men  who  were  carrying  a  large  quan- 
tity of  ammunition.  He  was  specially  pro- 
moted to  the  rank  of  sergeant. 

BARRETT,  Constable  Thos.,  67  B,  Dub- 
lin Metropolitan  Police,  was  awarded  the 
King's  Medal  for  conspicuous  gallantry  in 
arresting  and  disarming  a  man  who  was 
threatening  to  shoot  two  soldiers. 

LATTENBERG,  Capt.  His  Highness  Prince 
Alexander  of,  G.C.V.O.,  who  was  on  Sir  John 
Maxwell's  Staff,  was  mentioned  in  despatches 
for  distinguished  services.  Prince  Alexander 
is  a  brother  of  the  Queen  of  Spain.  His 
brother,  the  late  Prince  Maurice  Victor 
Donald,  died  of  wounds  received  in  action 
in  1914. 

.  BE.4LEN,  Patrick  (30),  foreman  in  a 
licensed  house  at  177  North  King  street.  His 
body  was  found  buried  in  the  cellar  there,  and 
the  *  Coroner's  jury  found  that  he  had  died 
of  wounds  inflicted  by  a  soldier.  (See  pages 
28  and  29). 

B1RRELL,  the  Right  Hon.  Augustine,  who 
as  the  Hardinge  Commission  reported,  was 
"primarily  responsible  for  the  situation  that 
was  allowed  to  rise  and  the  outbreak  that 
occurred."  held  the  Office  of  Chief  Secretary 
from  1907.  He  admitted  that  he  had  under- 
estimated the  Sinn  Fein  movement,  and  on 
returning  to  London  after  the  suppression  of 
the  rebellion  tendered  his  resignation,  which 
was  accepted.  Mr.  Birrell  has  sat  in  the 
House  of  Commons  for  North  Bristol  since 
1906.  It  was  only  at  intervals  of  a  few 
months  that  he  visited  Ireland  during  his 
period  of  Chief  Secretaryship,  and  he  de- 
fended his  action  in  this  respect  before  the 
Royal  Commission,  presided  over  by  Lord 
Hardinge.  Mr.  Birrell  had  the  experience  of 
holding  the  office  as  Chief  Secretary  for  Ire- 
land longer  than  most  of  his  predecessors  for 
many   vears. 

BLAKE,  Sir  Henry,  G.C.M.G.,  of  Myrtle 
Grove,  Youghal,  Cork,  was  formerly  Governor 
of  Bahamas,  Newfoundland,  Jamacia,  Hong 
Konsr,  and  Ceylon.  He  submitted  to  Ilia 
Hardinge  Commission  of  Inquiry  a  tatement 
regarding  the  condition  of  Ireland,  which  was 
included  in  an  appendix  to  the  report  of  the 
minutes  of  evidence  given  to  the  Commis- 
sioners. 

BOOTH,  Richard  W.,  J. P..  PresiJent  of  the 
Dublin  Chamber  of  Commerce,  gave  e-'idence 
before  the  Hrrdinge  Commission  regarding 
the  industrial  troubles  of  the  city  ia  recant 
vears. 


260 


-  BR4TTON.  Constable  Eugene,  Royal  lush 
Constabulary,  Navan,  was  awarded  the  King's 
Medal  for  "conspicuous  gallantry  during  the 
rebellion  as  a  motor  cycle  despatch  rider. 

BROSNAN,  SergeaiCMajor,  had  been  -v 
Bead  Constable  in  the  Royal  Irish  Constabu- 
lary, and  after  leaving  that  service  he  /was 
musketry  instructor  at  Armagh  and  Buncrana 
since  the  beginning  of  the  European  war.  He- 
proved  himself  a  highly  efficient  officer.  It. 
was  from  Buncrana  that  he  came  to  Dublin 
on  short  leave  to  see  his  wife  and  children, 
who  occupied  quarters  in  Dublin  Castle.  He 
had  obtained  an  extension  of  leave,  and  was 
due  to  return  to  his  station  at  Buncrana  on 
the  25th  April,  the  day  on  which  he  met  his 
death.  When  the  rebels  attacked  Dublin 
Castlo  on  the  24th  April,  l\osnan  promptly 
offered  his  services  to  the  military  within  the 
gate.  He  went  outside  for  a  few  minutes, 
and  saw  a  rebel  taking  aim  at  a  soldier.  He 
disarmed  the  r.bel,ar.J  thus  saved  the  soldier's 
life,  but  unfortunately  he  was  soon  afterwards 
shot  dead  by  a  soldier,  who  mistook  him  for 
one  of  the  attackers,  he  being  in  mufti.  Ser- 
geant-Major Brosnan  was  a  man  of  high  char- 
acter. 

BROWNING,  F.  H.,  died  of  wovmds  re- 
ceived on  Easter  Monday  at  Haddington  road 
■when  returning  from  a  route  march 
with  the  Irish  Association  Volunteer  Train- 
ing Corps,  of  which  he  was  second  in  com- 
mand. "  Chicken  "  Browning,  as  he  was 
known  to  his  intimates,  was  one  of  the  best 
cricketers  Ireland  has  produced.  Mr.  Brown- 
ing was  also  keenly  devoted  to  Rugby 
football,  and  played  with  no  little  dis- 
tinction at  half  back  for  his  University 
and  later  for  Wanderers,  with  the  fortunes  of 
which  latter  club  he  was  closely  identified 
up  to  the  day  of  his  death.  He  was  paid  the 
high  compliment  of  being  elected  President  of 
the  Irish  Rugby  Union  two  years  ago,  an 
honour  which  was  as  richly  deserved  as  it  was 
prized  by  the  recipient. 

BOWENCOLTHURST,  Capt.  J.  C,  Royal 
Irish  Rifles,  had  sixteen  years'  service  in  the 
Army.  He  took  part  in  the  Battle  of  Mons, 
and  was  afterwards  seriously  wounded  and 
invalided  home.  At  Easter  he  was  attached 
to  the  3rd  Battalion  at  Portobello  Barracks, 
where  he  gave  the  orders  which  resulted  in 
Francis  Sheehy  Skeffington,  Thos.  Picksoi*. 
and  Patrick  J.  Maclntvre  being  shot  on  Wed- 
nesday. 26th  April.  He  was  tried  by  court- 
martial  on  26th  June,  and  found  guilty  of 
the  murder  of  the  three  men  mentioned,  the 
court  also  finding  that  he  was  insane  at  the 
time  he  committed  the  acts.  He  was  ordered 
to  be  detained  in  a  criminal  lunatic  asylum 
during  His  Majesty's  pleasure,  and  removed 
to   Broadmoor   Asylum. 

BYRNE,  Brigadier. General  John  Aloysius, 
who  succeeded  Sir  Neville  Chamber- 
lain as  Inspector  General  of  the  Royal  Irish 
Constabulary,  acted'  with  marked  ability  and 
nucccss  as  Deputy  Adjutant  General  on  Sir  John 
Maxwell's  Staff  in  Ireland  from  April  until 
bis  appointment  to  the  Command  t*f  the  R.I.C. 


General  Byrne  was  born  in  1874,  and  joined 
the  Inniskilling  Fusiliers  in  1893.  He  was  pro- 
moted Captain  in- 1980,  Major  in  1914,  Brevet  , 
Lieutenant-Colonel  in  1915,  and  Brigadier-  , 
General  in.  April  of  the  present  year.  Fori 
three  years  General  Byrne  commanded  the 
Company  of  Gentlemen  Cadets  at  Sandhurst. 
He  served  in  the  South  African  war,  and  was 
slightly  wounded  at  the  defence  of  Ladysmilh. 
Afterwards  he  served  as  Assistant  Adjutant-.' 
General  at  the  War  Office.  He  wears  the 
Queen's  Medal  with  five  clasps  and'  the  King'3 
Medal  with  two  clasps.  General  Byrne  is  a^ 
Roman  Catholic,  and  an  Irishman,  being  the 
second  son  of  the  late  Doctor  Byrne,  D.L.,  of 
Londonderry.  His  eldest  brother,  Colonel 
Byrne,  late  Connaught  Rangers,  is  at  the  War 
Office,  and  two  younger  brothers  are  at  the 
front,  one  in  Mesopotamia  with  the  Dorset 
Regiment,  and  one  in  France  with  the  Royal 
Engineers.  On  24th  January.  1917,  it  was 
announced  that  His  Majesty  had  appointed 
General  Byrne  a  Commander  of  the  Order  of 
the  Bath,  and  his  name  was  included  in  the 
list  of  officers  and  men  issued  from  the  War 
Office  on  25th  January  who  had  been  brought 
to  the  notice  of  the  Secretary  for  War  for  dis- 
tinguished services  rendered  in  connection 
with  the  war. 

BYRNE,  Joseph  (32),  a  native  of  Wicklow, 
was  killed  fighting  at  Boland's  Mills.  He  left 
a  widow  and  two  children. 

BYRNE,  James  (19),  an  active  Volunteer 
was  shot  in  the  Jacob's  Factory  area. 

BYRNE,  Sir  William  Patrick,  K.C.V.O., 
C.B.,  was  appointed  Under  Secre- 
tary to  the  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Ireland,  and 
took  up  his  duties  on  Friday,  27th  October. 
1916.  in  succession  to  Sir  Robert  Chalmers. 
Sir  William  Byrne,  who  was  born  at 
Withington,  Lancashire,  is  fifty-eight  years  of 
age,  and  a  barrister  of  Gray's  Inn.  He  was 
educated  at  St.  Cuthbert's  College,  Ushaw, 
and  St.  Bede's.  Manchester,  after  which  he 
entered  the  service  of  the  General  Post  Office. 
In  1884  he  was  transferred  to  the  Home 
Office,  where  he  became  Senior  Clerk  in  1886, 
and  Assistant  Under  Secretary  of  State  in 
1908.  Tn  1910  he  was  appointed  Registrar 
of  the  Baronetage,  and  in  1913  Chairman  of 
the  Board  of  Control  in  connection  with  the 
Home  Office.  In  1894  he  acted  as  Secretary 
to  the  Inter-Departmental  Committee  on 
Riots,  and  later  as  Chairman  of  the  Home 
Office  Committee  on  Inebriate  Reformatories, 
and  as  a  member  of  the  Royal  .Commission  6ti 
the  Feebleminded.  In  1910  he  was  one  of 
the  British  delegates  to  the  International  Con- 
ference in   Paris  on   Aerial   Navigation. 

CAMPBEEL,  Right  Hon.  Sir  James  H., 
Bart.,  K.C.,  M.P  for  Dublin  University  since 
1903,  Attorney-General  for  Ireland,  gave  evi- 
dence before  the  Hardinge  Commission  that 
during  the,  nine  days  he  held  office  before  the 
rebellion  he  received  no  official  communication 
of  any  kind  indicating  the  possibility  of  trouble. 
He  was  not  present  at  the  Viceregal  confer- 
ence, and  only  learned  of  it  in  the  Press:  He 
had    uo  interview    with    the    Viceroy   during 


251 


bat  nine  days,  and  he  never  saw  Sir  Mathew 
Mathan  dining  that  period,  although  they 
vere  only  separated  by  a  partition  in  the 
Castle.  Mr.  Campbell  was  subsequently  ap- 
KJinted  Lord  Chief  Justice  of  Ireland,  and 
lis  Majesty  conferred  upon  him  the  honour  of 
i  baronetcy, 

CASEMENT,  Roger  David,  was  born  at 
.lagherintemple,  Ballycastle,  Co.  Antrim,  on 
st  September,  1864.  "  In  1892  he  was  in  the 
erviee  of  the  Niger  Coast  Protectorate,  and 
e  became  H.M.  Consul  for  Lorenzo  Marques 
n  1895.  In  1898  he  was  appointed  Consul  to 
he  Portuguese  Possessions  in  West  Africa, 
nd  during  the  South  African  War  he  was 
mpioyed  on  special  service  in  Cape  1'own, 
eeeiving  at  the  conclusion  of  hostilities  a 
Iritish  South  African  medal.  Subsequently 
e  served  in  the  French  Congo,  and  in  dune, 
905,  he  was  made  a  C.M.G.,  and  appointed 
ipnsul  to  the  State  of  San  Paulo.  He  was 
romoted  Con.»ul-G  enteral,  and  transferred  to 
lio  Janeiro  in  1908,  and  in  1911  he  was 
nighted,  receiving  in  the  same  year  the 
.'oronation  medal.  In  1914  he  became  actively 
ssociated  with  the  leaders  of  the  Sinn  Fein 
lovement  in  Ireland,  and  took  part  in  the 
rork  of  organisinj  branches  in  the  country 
ath  P.  H.  Pearse,  Thos.  MacDonagh,  and' 
thers.  He  appeared  in  Germany  and  can- 
assed  the  Irish  prisoners  of  war  to  join  an 
rish  Brigade  to  fight  for  Ireland.  He  travelled 
i  a  submarine  from  Germany,  and  landed  on 
he  Kerry  coast,  and  was  arrested  a  few  hours 
fter  landing.  He  was  tried  for  treason,  eon- 
ricted  and  sentenced  to  death.  Petitions  were 
Submitted  to  the  Government  with  a  view  to  a 
nitigation  of  the  extreme  penalty,  but  these 
vere  unsuccessful,  and  Casement  was  executed 
n  Pentofivrl'e  prison,  London,  at  9  a.m.  on  the 
aorning  of  Thursday,  3rd  August,  1916.  Be- 
ore  his  e.  c-ution  Casement  was  received  into 
he  Roman  Catholic  Church. 

CHAMBERLAIN,  Colonel  Sir  Neville 
;rancis  Fitzgerald,  K.C.B.,  resigned  his  post 
s  Inspector-General  of  the  Roval  Irish  Con- 
tabulary.  The  first  intimation  of  his  retirement 
vas  made  bv  Lord  Lansdowne  in  the  House 
f  Lords  on  "Tuesday,  11th  July.  1916,  when 
re  announced  that  the  Inspector-General  had 
ome  time  previously  indicated  his  desire  to 
>e  relieved  of  his  duties.  At  the  Commis- 
on,  presided  over  by  Lord  Hardinge,  Sir 
Seville  gave  evidence  showing  that  he  had 
epeatedly  warned  the  Government  of  perils 
hat  were  growing  in  the  country.  The  Com- 
nissioners  in  their  report  stated  that  thev  had 
lothing  but  praise  for  the  conduct,  zeaf,  and 
ovalty  of  the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary,  and 
bjev  were  satisfied  that  Sir  Neville  Chamber- 
ara  and  his  subordinates  furnished  the  Go- 
vernment with  full  and  exact  reports  on  which 
;he.v  could  have  acted  months  before  the 
e&ders  contemplated  any  actual  rising.  Sir 
Seville  Chamberlain  held  the  post  of 
nspector-General  from  19C0.  He  is  a  son  of 
he  late  Lieut. -Col.  C.  Chamberlain,  Indian 
uitnv,  and  joined   the   Army   in   1873;  served 

the  11th  (Devon)  Regt.,  l'873-76,  and  in  the 


Central  India  Horse,  1876 ;  was  on  the  staff  of 
Lord  Roberts  throughout  the  Afghan  War, 
1878-80 ;  was  in  the  Burmah  campaign, 
1886-87  (medal  and  clasp),  was  Military  Secre- 
tary to  the  Kashmir  Government  and  re- 
organised the  Kashmir,  1890-97.  He  com- 
manded the  Khyber  Force,  1899 ;  and  waa 
private  secretary  to  Lord  Roberts  in  the  South 
African  War,  1899-1900  (despatches,  medal, 
and  5  clasps).  He  is  a  C.B.,  K.C.V.O.,  and  a 
Knight  of  Grace  of  the  Order  of  St.  John  ol 
Jerusalem.  His  retirement  was  received 
with  general  regret  throughout  the  force. 
From  his  taking  charge  of  the  Royal  Irish 
Constabulary  on  1st  September,  1900,  he  al- 
ways evinced  a  keen  desire  to  make  the  forc« 
as  comfortable  and  happy  as  an  experienced 
officer  in  his  position  could  do. 

CHALMERS,  Sir  Robert,  K.C.B.,  who  suc- 
ceeded Sir  Matthew  Nathan  as  Under-Secre- 
tary for  Ireland  early  in  May,  1916,  was 
Governor  of  Ceylon  from  1913  till  early  in 
1916.  He  was  Chairman  of  the  Board  of  In- 
land' Revenue  from  1903  to  1907,  and  Perma- 
nent Secretary  of  H.M.  Treasury  from  1911 
till  he  went  to  Ceylon.  He  served  on  the 
Royal  Commission  on  Indian  finance  and  cur- 
rency. Sir  Robert  did  not  remain  long  in 
Ireland,  and  was  succeeded  by  Sir  William 
Patrick  Byrne,  whose  appointment  as  Under 
Secretary  was  published  on  23rd  October, 
1916. 

CHALMERS,      Sir      Mackenzie      Dalzell, 

K.C.B.,  one  of  the  three  mem- 
_bers_  of  the  Hardinge  Commission  which 
inquired  into  the  causes  of  the  rebellion.  He 
was  permanent  Under  Secretary  of  State  for 
the  Home  Department  from  1903  to  1908,  a 
member  of  the  Statute  Law  Committee,  the 
Royal  Commission  on  Vivisection,  and  the 
Tk,yal  Commission  on  the  affairs  of  Malta. 

CHALMERS,  Second  Lieut.  A.  D.,  14th 
Royal  Fusiliers,  was  captured  by  the  rebels 
and  kept  a  prisoner  in  the  General  Post  Office 
during  the  periou  of  the  rebellion.  His  extra- 
ordinary experiences  and  escapes  are  related 
on  page  thirteen. 

CLARKE,  Thomas  J.,  was  the  first  of  the 
seven  signatories  to  the  declaration  of  an 
Irish  Republic.  He  vas  condemned  by  court- 
martial,  and  executed  in  Kilmainhara 
on  May  3rd,  1916.  Clarke  repre- 
sented the  old  Fenian  conspiracy  on  the 
"  Provisional  Government."  He  was  a  native 
of  Dungannon,  and  in  1879  emigrated  to  the 
United  States,  where  he  became  Adjutant  of 
the  Irish  Volunteers  of  New  York.  "  In  1P81 
he  was  senterced  to  penal  servitude  for  life 
in  England  for  complicity  in  ..ynamile  out- 
rages, jind  released  on  ticket  of  leave  i:i  1198 
A  year  laCr  he  returned  to  America,  and 
married  tha  niece  of  his  fellow  convict,  John 
Daly,  of  Limerick.  In  1907  he  re- 
t -rned  to  Dublin,  opened  a  tobacco  and 
newsp  per  shop  in  Great  Britain  street,  ami 
lecame  prommci.t  on^e  more  as  a  speaker  at 
Fenian  anniversaries.  Clarke  was  president 
of  the  O'Donovan  Rossa  Funeral  Committee, 
and    was    among    the    leaders    at    the    Gener,.l 


262 


Post  Office  in  Sackville  street  (hir- 
ing Easter  Week.  He  was  one  of  the  men 
who  directed  operations  on  the  day  of  the  pun- 
running  at  Howth,  and  his  shop  in  G*-e»t 
Britain  street  was  a  rendezvous  for  his  com- 
rades in  thought.  Remarkable  evidence  of 
the  forethought  and  preparation  given  by  this 
veteran  to  the  cause  of  the  rebellion  was  pro- 
vided in  the  inthn-ution  made  in  the  first  list 
of  subscriptions  to  the  "Irish  Volunteers'  De- 

Eendents'   Fund  "  : — 
«ft    by    the    late    Thomas      J. 
Clarke,  c.o.  Mrs.  Clarke,  for 

the  relief  of  distress     £3.100     0     0 

Clarke  left  a  widow  and  three  young  sons. 

CLARKE,  Philip  (41),  a  vanman  and  a 
member  of  the  Citizen  Army,  was  killed  in 
the  fighting  in  St.  Stephen's  Green.  He  left 
a  widow  and  eight  children. 

CLAYTON,  County  Inspector  E.  M.,  Royal 
Irish  Constabulary  for  the  East  Riding  of  Gal- 
way,  gave  important  evidence  before  the 
Hardmge    Commission. 

CLERY,  LanceCorporal  Reginald  F., 
]  A.V.T.C.,  was  one  of  the  "  G.R.'s,"  and 
was  killed  by  the  rebels  at  the  entrance  to 
Beggar's  Bush  Barracks  on  Erster  Monday. 

COADE,  J.  J.  (19),  was  shot  by  the  military 
in  the  Rathmines  road  on  the  night  of  Tues- 
day, 25th  April.  The  Simon  Commission  re- 
ported that  "none  of  the  evidence  offered  to 
us  afforded  any  justification  for  the  shooting 
at  C'oade."  ± 

COLBERT,  Cornelius,  was  ^executed  in 
Kilmainham  on  Monday,  8th  May,  1916, 
for  taking  an  active  part  in  the 
rebellion.  He  was  a  native  of  Athea, 
Co.  Clare,  aged  about  23,  and  was  employed 
as  a  junior  clerk  in  a  Dublin  bakery.  He  had 
been "  active  in  Nationalist  movements  since 
leaving  school,  particularly  in  organising  the 
National  Boy  Scouts  and  the  Fianna.  He  was 
a  facile  writer,  and  had  produced  some  poetry. 

CONNOLLY,  James  Thomas,  one  of  the 
seven  men  who  signed  the  proclamation  of 
an  Irish  Republic,  was  known  as  the  Com- 
mandant General  of  the  Dublin  Division  of 
the  Army  of  the  Irish  Republic,  and  he 
■was  one  of  the  three  rebel  leaders 
who  signed  the  document  of  surrender  on 
£pth  April.  He  was  wounded  in  the  middle 
of  the  week,  but  continued  to  direct  opera- 
tions in  the  G.l'.O.  from  a  couch.  After  the 
collapse  he  was  removed  to  Dublin  Castle  Red 
Cross  Hospital.  He  was  executed  in 
Kilmainham  on  Friday,  12th  May,  1916, 
utter  trial  by  court-martial.  He  was 
a.  Monaghan  man,  the  son  of  an 
artisan,  and  was  about  fifty  years  of  age. 
When  a  young  man  he  went  to  Edinburgh 
v/ith  his  parents  and  soon  afterwards  be- 
came ai  tively  associated  with  the  district  branch 
of  the  So.ial  Democratic  Union,  a  Socialist 
body.  Alter  about  ten  .years'  active 
work  as  a  Socialist  he  left  Edinburgh 
und  came  to  Dublin,  where  hf  founded  in  the 
early    nineties    (he    Irish    Socialist,    Republican 

tartv.         Later   he   went  to  the   States,    w'vre 
e  found  congenial  associates  among  the  ultra- 


revolutionary  Socialists.  He  wrote  a  book, 
"Labour  in  Irish  History."  Six  years  ago 
he  returned  to  his  native  land  in  the  belief 
that  times  were  more  propitious  for  his  propa- 
ganda. He  broke  new  ground  at  Belfast  im- 
mediately after  the  great  dock  strike  there, 
which  had  given  James  Larkin  his  introduc- 
tion to  Irish  industrial  agitation.  Connolly 
subsequently  transferred  his  activities  to 
Dublin,  where  he  became  the  nominal  se- 
eond-in  command  but  real  leader  of  Larkin's 
Irish  Transport  Workers'  Union.  He  took  a 
prominent  part  in  the  Dublin  strikes  in  1913. 
He.  originated  and  commanded  the  Citizen 
Army,  and  blended  it  with  the  Sinn  Fein 
Volunteers.  Connolly  left  a  wife  and  three 
of  a  family. 

CONNOLLY,  John,  Captain  in . the  Citizen 
Army,  was  reported  to  have  led  the  attack  on 
Dublin  Castle  on  Easter  Monday,  a«d  subse- 
quently the  attack  on  the  City  Hall,  where 
he  was  killed  in  the  fighting.  He  had  proved 
his  skill  as  an  elocutionist,  and  had  frequently 
appeared  on  concert  platforms  with  the  Abbey 
Theatre  Co.  and  National  Players.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Pioneer  Total  Abstinence. 
Association.  He  was  thirty-two  years  of  age, 
and  left  a  widow  and  three  young  children', 

CORRIGAN,  Chas.  (34).  killed  in  the 
vicinity  of  the  General  Post  Office,  was  born 
in  Glasgow  of  Irish  parents,  and  took  an 
active  part  in  Glasgow  for  several  years  in 
fostering  the  cause  of  the  Gaelic  League.  He 
came  to  Dublin  a  few  months  before  the 
rising. 

CORCORAN,  Jas.  (33),  a  native  of  Gorey, 
was  killed  fighting  with  the  Citizen  Army  in 
St.  Stephen's  Green.  He  left  a  widow  and 
three  children. 

COSGRAVE,  Win,  T.,  one  of  the  officers- of 
the  Irish  Volunteers,  and  a  member  of  the 
Dublin  Corporation,  was  sentenced  to  penal 
servitude  for  life.  At  a  meeting  of  the  Dub- 
lin Corporation  on  Monday,  8th  Januaiy, 
1917.  he  was  co-opted  a  member  of  that  body 
for  Usher's  quay  Ward,  for  which  he  had  be- 
come disqualified  by  reason  of  absence  from 
the^  Council  for  the  statutory  period. 

COSTELLO,  John,  Second  Lieut.  Irish 
Volunteers,  belonged  to  Athlone,  and  had 
been  some  time  in  Dublin.  He  was  killed  in 
the  fighting  at  Boland's  Mills. 

COULTER,  Constable  James  H.,  187  A, 
Dublin  Metropolitan  Police,  was  awarded  the 
King's  Medal  for  conspicuous  gallantry  in 
carrying  ammunition  under  fire  to  Dublin 
Castle  and  disarming  a  rebel  who  was  attack- 
ing pedestrians  with  a  rifle  and  bayonet. 

COWAN,  Col.  H.  V.,  C.V.O.,  Assistant 
Adjutant-General,  gave  evidence  before  the 
Hai'dinjre  ( lommission  of  Inquiry,  and  was  men- 
tioned  in  despatches  for  distinguished  services* 

COYLE,   Henry  (28),   killed  in  the  fighting! 
in  the  General   I'ost  Office  area,  was  a   promi- 
nent  member   of   the    Davis    Hurling   team    f*>r 
several  years.     He  left  a  widow;  and  .a  young 
eon. 


2C3 


CRENIGAN,  John,  of  Swords,  formerly  em- 
ployed in.  Dublin,  was  killed  at  the  battle 
of  Ashbourne. 

D'ARCY,  Chas.,  a  youth,  was  a  member  of 
the  Citizen  Army,  and  was  killed  in  the  at- 
tack on  Dublin  Castle. 

DALY,  Edward,  who  was  Commandant  of 
the  rebels  in  the  Four  Courts,  was 
executed  at  Kilmainham  on  4th  May, 
1916.  Edward  Daly's  father  was  a  brother 
of  John  Daly,  an  old  Fenian,  who  was  after- 
wards Mayor  ol  Limerick,  where  he  died  two 
months  after  the  Faster  rising.  Daly  was  the 
only  son  of  his  widowed  mother,  and  was 
born  in  1891,  six  months  after  his  father's 
death.  He  w  as  educated  at  Limerick,  and 
came  to  Dublin  a  few  years  ago,  residing  with 
his  sister,  Mrs.  Thos.  J.  Clarke,  and  her 
husband,  Thomas  J.  Clarke,  who  was  also 
executed  During  the  rebellion  Daly  was  in 
charge  of  the  rebels  ;n  the  north-west  area  of 
Dublin,  which  included  the  Four  Courts, 
Linenhail  Barracks,  Church  street,  and  North 
King  street,  where  some  of  the  fiercest  fight- 
ing of  the  week  took  place. 

DALY,  P.  T.,  a  member  of  the  Dublin  Cor- 
poration, was  deported  after  the  rising  and 
subsequently   released. 

De  VALERA,  Edward,  commander  of 
the  rebels  m  the  Kmgsend  area,  was  sen- 
tenced to  penal  servitude  for  life.  He  was 
born  in  New  York,  his  father  being  a 
Spanish  gentleman  who  had  married  an  Irish 
lady.  Re  spent  his  early  days  w  ith  his 
mother's  people  in  Co.  Limerick.  He  was  edu- 
cated at  Blackrock  College,  and  became  a  pro- 
fessor of  Mathematics,  which  he  taught  in 
several  colleges.  He  was  also  interested  in 
the  Dish  Summer  School  at  Tawin,  Co.  Gal- 
way,  founded  by  Sir  Roger  Casement.  De 
Valera   has   a    wife   and   young   family. 

DICKSON,  Thomas,  aged  31,  who  resided 
at  12  Harrington  street,  was  shot  bv  the 
military  in  Portobello  Barracks  on  Wednes- 
day, 26th  April,  with  Francis  Sheehy  Skemug- 
ton  and  Patrick  Maclntyre.  The  Simon  Com- 
mission of  Inquiry  found  that  he  was  in  no 
way  connected  with  the  rebellion.  He  was  the 
editor  of  a  small  paper,  the  Eye  Opener,  ' 
which  had'  a  short  but  sensational  career, 
terminating  with  Dickson's  death.  During 
Dickson's  business  career  some  of  his  under- 
takings had  involved  himself  and  other  per- 
sons in  very  unfortunate  consequences. 

DILLON,  Robert,  who  for  nearly  thirty- 
five  years  had  carried  on  business  in  the 
old-established  premises  known  as  "The 
Flag,"  at  6  and  8  Moore  street,  met  his 
death  while  trying  to  escap?  with  his  wife  and 
daughter  from  their  burning  premises  on  the 
morning  of  Saturday,  29th  April.  Ha  was 
known  as  a  man  of  high  principle  and  sterling 
honesty,  and  his  charitable  work  amongst  the 
poor  of  the  city  in  connection  with  the  St. 
Vincent  de  Paul  Society  had  brought  solace 
and  relief  to  many  a  desolate  home. 

DOBBIN,  Sec.  Lieut.  Wni.  Price,  3rd  Royal 
Irish  Fusiliers,  was  in  command  of  the  main 


guard  at  Portobello  Barracks  when  Francis 
Sheehy  Skeffington  was  t'eken  out  as  a  hostage. 
He  was  recalled  from  France  to  give  evi- 
dence before  the  Simon  Convmission:  the  sit- 
t;ngs  of  which  were  postponed  for  his  return. 
DOCKRriLL,  Sir  Maurice  E.,  D.L.,  J. P., 
gave  evidence  before  the  Har.dinge  Commis- 
sion, explaining  the  operations  of  the  City  and 
County  of  Dub  in  Recruiting  Committee,  in  the 
work  of  which  he  took  a  very  active  part. 
He  reviewed  the  course  of  the  labour  troubles 
in  Dublin  in.  1913,  and  recorded  his  opinion 
that  the  strike  was  largely  due  to  feeble 
government.  Sir  Maurice  'presided  at  the 
functions  in  Trinity  College  on  Saturday,  5th 
August,  1916,  when  the  members  of  the  Dublin 
University  0.1. L.  were  presented  with  silver 
cups  in  recognition  of  the  service  of  the  Corps 
in  defending  the  College  and  other 
portions  of  the  city  during  the  rebellion.  Sir 
Maurice  is  the  head  of  the  firm  of  Thomas 
Dockrell,  Sons,  and  Co.,  Ltd.,  South  Great 
George's   street. 

DOCKERAY,  Cecil  E.,  4  Warwick  terrace, 
Leeson  Park.  Dublin,  a  member  of  the  clerical 
staff  at  Guinness's  Brewery,  was  shot  dead  in 
the  brewery  by  the  military  with  Sec.  Lieut. 
Worswick,  of  the  2nd  King  Edward  Horse 
under  circumstances  that  are  described 
in  the  reports  of  the  courts-martial. 
(Pages  116-121.)  Mr.  Dockeray  was  a  trusted 
employe  of  Guinness's,  and  had  no  connection. 
with  the  Sinn  Fein  movement. 

DON  ELAN,  Brendan  (19;,  engaged  in  the 
drapery  trade  in  Dublin,  was  one  of  the 
rebels  killed  in  the  fighting  at  the  South 
Dublin  Union. 

DOUGHERTY,  Sir  James  B.,  was  Under 
Secretary  for  Ireland  from  July,  1S08,  to 
October,  1914.  tie  gave  evidence  before  the 
Rardinge  Commission  regarding  the  labour 
strife  in  Dublin  and  the  gun-running  at  Howth. 

DOYLE,  Patrick  (36),  was  a  musketry  in- 
structor in  the  Volunteers,  and  was  killed  in 
the  fighting  at  Clanwilliam  House.  He  left  a 
widow  and  five  children. 

DUKE,  The  Right  lion.  M.  F..,  K.C., 
M.P.,  was  appointed  Chief  Secretary  of  Ire- 
land on  July  31st,  1916,  after  that  post  had 
been  vacant  for  about  three  months.  Mr.  Duke 
has  sat  as  Unionist  M.P.  for  Exeter  since 
1910,  when  he  was  elected  after  the  other 
candidate  had  been  unseated  on  petition.  Mr. 
Duke  is  trie  first  member  of  the  Press  Gallery 
of  the  House  of  Commons  to  attain  Cabinet 
rank. 

DWAN,  John  (25),  a  member  of  the  Pioneer 
Temperance  Association,  and  employed  at 
Inchieore  Railway  Works,  was  one  of  the 
rebels  killed  in  the  fighting  in  North  King 
street. 

EDGE  WORTH;  JOHNSTONE,      Lieist^CoI'. 

Waiter,  Chief  Commissioner,  Dublin  Metro- 
politan Police,  gave  evidence  before  the 
llardinge  Commission  showing  that  he  had 
urged  the  Government  to  take  drastic  action 
before   the  rebellion.      The   Con  u   >rs   in 


264 


their  report  praised  tire  Dublin  Metropolitan 
Police  for  tlieiv  zeal  and  loyalty,  and  recorded 
their  satisfaction  that  Colonel  Edgeworth- 
.Tohnstone  had  supplied  the  Government  with 
full  and  exact  reports  on  which  they  could 
have  acted  against  the  leaders  many  months 
before  a  rising  was  contemplated.  Colonel 
Edoeworth-Johnstone,  who  served  as 
a  9  Resident  Magistrate,  and  com- 
manded the  4th  Battalion  of  the  Royal 
Irish  Regiment  before  assuming  his  present 
duties,  saw  active  service  in  the  Yonnie  and 
Gambia  Expeditions,  West  Coast.  Africa,  in 
both  of  which  he  was  mentioned  in  despatches 
and  awarded  a  clasp,  and  also  a  mectel  for  the 
first.  In  1894  he  was  appointed  Superinten- 
dent of  Gvinnasia  in  the  Southern  District, 
and  from  "l895  to  1898,  held  the  post  of 
Assistant  Inspector  of  Gymnasia,  and  for  four 
vears  afterwards  he  was  Superintendent  of 
Gymnasia  at  the  Curragh.  He  is  a,  noted 
sportsman,  and  holds  many  records  for 
football,  cricket,  and  boxing. 

ENXIS,  Edward  (33),  a  member  of  the 
Pioneer  Total  Abstinence  Association,  was 
one  of  the  rebels  killed  in  the  fighting  near 
Bolaad's  Mills. 

FANE.     Maior     and     Bt.     Lt.Col.     Cecil, 

D.S.O.,  Sherwoid  Foresters,  was  wounded  at 
the  battle  of  Mount  street  Bridge,  but  re- 
mained in  action.  He  was  mentioned  in  Sir 
John  Maxwell's  despatches,  and  in  the  New 
Year  Honours'  List  he  was  appointed  a  Com- 
]  anion  of  the  Order  of  St.  Michael  and  St. 
George. 

FARREEE,    Patrick    (19),    a   plasterer,    was 

fatally    wounded   in   Church   street.      He   had 

.;     his    connection    with    the    Volunteers 

at    the    time    of    the    split,    but    came    out    and 

joined  the  risu  -. 

!:1  JHilS,      Darret,      a      well-known      Irish 

writer,    was    deported    from    Aehill    after    the 

and    released    a'  out       C  hristmas.     He 

with  the  Irish  Volunteers,  and 

...    ;,' .;  0    pJ>0  nit)  .^ce    at    the    time    of    the 

.  :.,g       ,-,     ,,  ,.     ,   iafl  ,    those 

i  •       rested   oi     !    'U  J        '    ' .  •    •  ana  cte 

I       ed  to     ..''.'■!. 
FLOlW,     Qaartern:ssJ4r»Ser-geaBi     Robert, 

by  <  onrt- 

e  of  having  murdered  Wm. 

j.    p.,  ■ :.:   in   ( i  uinness's  Brewery,   and 

Lieut,   Lucas,   King  Edward's  Horse,  and  was 

found  lee   gageq   116-121.) 

FRIEND,  Ma jor* General  L.  B.,  came  to 
Ireland    in  ■    1913,   as   Major-General 

il-tration.      In  September, 
.   k   com  maud  of   I  he  troops  in  Ire- 
land!   and    up    till    April -23th,  1916,    he   dis- 
ci   both    duties.      At   that   date    Sir   John 
i  11  tuck  the  chief  cf>$  <<\  Ccno.'il 

d   tn  (lie  charge  of  Administra- 
When   the   rebellion   broke  out  he  was 
in   England  on  leave,  and   returned  to  Dublin 
ing  morning      II*-  was  mentioned  in 
.1  lc.    tin    War  *  >ffice  on  25th 
J. Miliary,    1D17,    giving    the    names    of    officers 


and  men  who  had  rendered  distinguished  ser- 
vices during  the  war. 
GELSTON,   County   Inspector  J.   F.,   Royal 

Irish  Constabulary  for  County  Clare,  gave  im- 
portant evidence  before  the  Hardinge  Commis- 
sion. 

GEOGHEGAN,  George  (35),  a  bandsman  inl 
the  Citizen  Army,  and  employed  at  the  lnchi-| 
core  Railway  Works,  was  killed  in  the  fight- 
ing near  the  City  Hall.     He  left  a  widow  and 
three  children. 

GOULDING,    Sir   W.   Joshua,    Bart.,   J. P., 
D.E.,   Chairman  of  the   Great      Southern  and1  . 
Western  Railway,  is  Chairman  of  the  Comniis-j 
sion  appointed  by  th*. Government  as  a  tribu- 
nal to  deal  with  the  claims  of  the  sufferers  by 
fire,  and  assess  the  damage  in  each  case.     Sir] 
Wm.    Goulding  is   also     Chairman  of  Messrs. 
W.   and  H.   M.    Goulding,     Ltd.,   and  is   well 
known  in  all  parts  of  Ireland,   and  especially 
m    Dublin,    where   he   occupies      a   prominent 
place  in  the  business  community. 

HACKETTPAIN,  Brigadier-General  G.  W.j 
commanded  the  troops  in  Ulster,  and  was  men-] 
tioned  in  Sir  John  Maxwell's  despatches  and 
in  a  War  Office  list  of  officers  who  rendered 
distinguished  services. 

HARDINGE,  of  Penshurst,  Baron,  who  pre- 
sided over  the  Royal  Commission  which  in- 
quired' into  the  causes  of  the  rebellion,  was  the 
Viceroy  of  India  from  1910  till  early  in 
1916.  He  entered  the  Diplomatic  Service  in 
1880,  and  became  secretary  of  the  Legation  at 
Teheran  in  1896,  secretary  of  the  Embassy  at 
St.  Petersburg  1398-1903,  Assistant  Under- 
Secretary  for  Foreign  Affairs,  1903-4,  British 
Ambassador  at  St.  Petersburg,  19C4-6,  Perma- 
nent Unrer  Secretary  of  State  for  Foreign 
Affairs,   1906-10. 

HARRIS,  Major  G.  A..  Commander  of  the 
1st  Dublin  Batt.  Irish  Association  of  Volunteer 
Training  Corps,  was  in  ehargeofthe  "O.R.V 
on  Easter  Monday  w  hen  the  (fired  upon  by 

the  rebels.     Subsequ  command  i'i 

Trinity  College,  and  with  a  few  of  the  O.T.C. 
and  a  number  of  I  oloi  :  il  sol  liers  held  1  he 
place  until  the  niilil  i    :  -  1  it.     In  .Emu 

r-ry,    1917.   he   was    ma  npanion   of    the 

I  :i  I  ingnishi  d  Service  a :J  mentioned  in 

de  ;p;  tchi  -   for  disfein    nisi  irvices  rendered 

in    connection    with    the    w  it.      He    was    also 
-niicd  in  Sir  John  Maxwell's  des] 

HARREL,  Sir  David,  P.C,  K'.C.B., 
K.C.V.O.,  who  was  for  ten  years 
Chief  Commissioner  of  the  Dublin  Metropoli- 
tan Police,  and  nine  years  Under  Secretary 
for  Ireland,  retiring  in  1902,  gave  evidence 
before  the  Hardinge  Commission  of  Inquiry 
that  a  turbulent  minority  had .  led  astray  a 
peaceful  majority. 

HARREL,     Commander     William      Vesey, 

O.li.,  M  V.O.,  Royal  Navy,  served  as  a  Dis- 
trict Inspector  in  the  Royal  Irish  Constabu- 
lary from  1886  to  1898,  and  then  as  Inspector 
of  Prisons  in  Ireland  till  1902.  From  that 
year  he  held  the  post  of  Assistant  Com- 
missioner of  the  Dublin  Metropolitan  Police 
until  August,  1914,  when  he  was  suspended  by 


2G5 


the  Government  f  >r  q#!.ling  the  military  out  to 
assist  his  men  iti  dealing  with  the  gun-runners 
from  Hovvih.  Subsequently  his  suspension 
was  confirmed,  and  his  connection  with  the 
D  M  P.  severed.  At  present  he  occupies  a 
post  id<  Commander  of  the  Navy.  He  appeared 
Before  the  t..aruingr  Commission,  -  rid  gave  his 
veisiouot  the  How  th  gun  running  affair,  main- 
taining that  in  air  he  did  he  was  acting  within 
the  strict  letter  of  the  law. 

HAUGH,  Sergt.  Patrick,  2i  E  (Terenure), 
PDubiin  Metropolitan  Police,  was  awarded 
tiie  King's  Medal  fur  conspicuous  gallantry 
in  rescuing  a  wounded  policeman  ironi  a, 
position   of   great    danger. 

HEALY,  James  J.,'  51  St.  Stephen's  Green, 
East,  Dublin,  is  the  Secretary  to  the  Gould-' 
itig  Commiss:on.  appointed  ly  the  Govern- 
ment to  as-ess  the  damage  sustained  by  Dub- 
lin firms   by   fire   and   otherwise. 

HEALY,  James  (44).  labourer,  employed  at 
Jameson's  Distillerv,  Bow  street.  His  body 
was  found  buried  in  the  cellar  of  a  licenced 
house  :*t  177  No'-th  King  street,  and  the 
Coroner's  jury  found  that  he  died  of  wounds 
inflicted   by  a   soldier.      (See  pages  28  and  29). 

HEALY,  John  (15).  a  member  of  the  Na- 
tional Bov  Scouts,  was  killed  at  Phibsboro' 
while  carrying  despatches. 

HEARN,    Ser^t.    Thomas    J.,    Roval    Irish 
Constabulary,     Ardfert,     arrested     Sir    Roger 
Casement    at    McKenra's    Fort,    with    the   as 
listanee  of  Constr-.ble  Reilly. 

HENRY,  Denis  Stanislaus,  K.C.,  is  on& 
of  the  Royal  Commission  appointed  to  investi- 
gate the  circumstance's  surrounding^  the  death 
in  Portobello  Barracks  of  Francis  Sheeby 
Skeffington  and  two  others  in  Easter  Week. 
Mr.  Henry  is  a  distinguished  member  nf  t^o 
Irish  Bar,  to  which  he  was  called  in  1885.  He 
became  a  Bench  ei  of  Kind's  Tnns  in  1898,  and 
is  senior  Crown  Counsel  For  Co.  Westonesth. 

HEPPELL  =  MARR.  Mrs.  Constance.  Assis- 
tant County  Director  City  of  Dublin  Branch 
British  Red  Cross  Society  and  Jrint  Red  C^oss. 
wife  of  Captain  Heppell-Marr,  6th  Royal  Irish 
Fusiliers,  and  daughter  of  Mr.  George 
Fletcher,  M.R  FA..  Assistant  Secretary,  De- 
partment of  Agriculture  and  technical  In- 
struction for  Ireland.  During  the  rebellion 
she  organised  a  hospital,  attended  to  the 
voundf-J  under  fire  in  the  streets,  and 
brought  supplies  through  the  firing  line. 

HOUSTON,  J.  J.,  was  executed  in 
Kilmainham  on  8th  May,  1916,  for 
taking  a  very  prominent  part  in  the 
rebellion.  He  was  a  comparatively  young 
man,  and  was  occupied  as  a  clerk  on  the 
staff  of  the  Great  Southern  and  Western  Rail- 
way after  .being  educated  by  the  Christian 
Brothers,  and  having  a  brilliant  Intermediate 
course.  He  was  a  lieutenant  in  the  National 
Boy  Scouts,. 

HEW  Kit,  Corporal,  2nd  King  Edward's 
Horse,  was  in  the  list  of  soldiers  men- 
tioned in  the  War  Office  despatch  of  25th- 
January,  1917,  for  distinguished  service  in 
connection  with  the  war.  With  his  com- 
panion.   Corporal   D'Alrojj-  of    the    same    regi- 


ment, Hewett  performed  magnificent  services 
in  clearing  the  neighbourhood  of  Thomas 
street,  Cork  Hn'1,  Dame  street,  South  til. 
George's  street,  Parliament  street,  and  tha 
lines  of  the  quays,  during  Easter  week.  He 
was  wounded  five  times  in  all,  the  final 
wound,  which  killed  him,  having  been  sus- 
tained on  the  Thursday  while  he.  and  his 
companion  D'Airoy  were  engaged  bombing  a 
rebel  barricade  in  North  King  street.  They 
had  just  jumped  over  the  military  barricada 
in  their  rush  when  Hewett  fell  shot  through 
the  heart.  On  the  previous  Tuesday  Cor- 
porals Hewett  and  D'Airoy  took  a  prominent 
part  in  the  recapture  of  the  Daily  Express 
and   Evening  Mail  offices. 

HILL,  County  Inspector  Hngh  O.  H.,  Royal 
Irish  Constabulary  for  the  County  Kerry,  gave 
important  evidence  before  the  Hardinge 
Commission. 

HOSFORD,  Joseph  C,  one  of  the  Irish 
Association  of  Volunteer  Training  Corps, 
Glasnevin  Company,  was  shot  dead  bv  a 
sniper  while  engaged  in  defending  Beggar's 
Bush  Barracks  on  Wednesday,  26th  April, 
1916.  Fie  had  been  in  the  employment  of 
Brooks,  Thomas  and  Co.,  Ltd.,  for  36  years, 
and   v. as  in   charge  of  the  colour  department. 

HOWARD,  John  Bernard,  aged  17,  was 
wounded  in  the  Church  street  area,  and  died 
in  Richmond  Hospital.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Fiana  Pipers'  Band.  After  a  successful 
Intermediate  career  he  went  to  London  as  a 
Bov  Clerk  in  1914,  returned  to  the  Land  Com- 
mission, Dublin,  in  1915,  and  transferred  to 
the  Congested  Districts  Board.  Early  in  1916 
be  left  there,  and  entered  the  Stanley  street 
Works  of  the  Dublin  Corporation. 

HOWE,  T.  A.,  Chief  Inspector  Roval  Irish 
Constabulary,  Cork,  submitted  to  the  Hardinge 
Commission  of  Inquiry  a  statement  which  was 
included  in  an  appendix  to  the  minutes  of 
evidence  given  to  the  Commission. 

HUME,  Walter,  of  the  firm  of  Walter 
-Hume  and  Co.,  fire  loss  assessors,  16  College 
Green,  is  one  of  the  assessors  to  the  Goulding 
Commission  appointed  by  the  Government  to 
rssess  the  damage  sustained  by  Dublin  firms 
by   fire   and  otherwise. 

'HURLEY,  John  (29),  belonged  to  Clona- 
kilty,  and  was  active  in  Gae.ic  and  Irish 
Volunteer  circles  in  London.  Before  the  ris- 
ing he  was  engaged  in  the  drapery  trade  in 
Dublin.  He  was  wounded  at  Church  street, 
and    died   in    the   Richmond    Hospital. 

HYLAND,  C.  Hachette,  L.D.S.,  R.C.S.I., 
was  shot  dead  while  looking  out  of  his  back 
garden  door  at  3  Percy  place,  Northumber- 
land' road,  on  the  morning  of  Thursday,  27tr' 
April.  The  deceased  gentleman,  who  was  the 
pnn  of  Mr.  Charles  Hyland',  manager  of  the 
Gaiety  Theatre,  Dublin,  was  ;.ged  29  years 
and  two  months.  He  had'  been  engaged  in 
t.ie  practice  of  his  profe-  ion  for  eight  yearn, 
and  had  established  a  reputation  that  ?e?ured 
his  recognition  as  one  of  the  representative 
leaders  of  the  younger  generation  c  dental 
a--- gems  '1  IrelanJ.  He  was  a  member  of  tho 
staff  of   the  incorporated   Dental  Hospital  of 


Ireland.  On  the  evening  of  Wednesday,  26th 
April,  when  the  battle  at  Mount  street  Bridge 
waj  at  its  fiercest,  and  the  Sherwood' 
Foresters  had  sustained  heavy  losses,  Mr. 
Hyland  donned  his  white  coat  and  went  into 
the  firing  line,  where  he  worked  gallantly  for 
several  hours,  rendered  valuable  aid  to  the 
wounded  men,  and  assisted  t^e  unfortunate 
victims  of  the  battle  into  a  place  of  safety. 
From  this  ordeal  he  emerged  unsettled',  and 
next  morning,  while  looking  out  of  his  garden 
gate,  he  had  the  great  misfortune  to  be  shot. 
His  loss  was  deeply  deplored  by  his  professional 
brethren  and'  the  ho-t  of  friends  he  had 
gathered  around  him  by  his  happy  disposition. 

JOZE,  Thomas  Moran,  a  well-known  chemist, 
having  places  of  business  in  Dame  street  and 
Arran  quay,  was  shot  dead  by  the  rebels  when 
he  was  going  to  his  private  residence  at  Arran 
quay.  Mr.  Joze  was  affiicted  with  deafness, 
and  it  is  supposed  that  he  did  not  hear  the 
challenge  of  the  rebel  sentry,  who  fired  upon 
him. 

KEJ  LY,  John,  who  assisted  Francis  Macken 
in  the  conduct  of  the  Irish  class  at  Rathfarn; 
ham,  was  educated  at  the  Christian  Brothers' 
Schools,  Kingstown.  He  was  shot  at  the 
General  Post  Office,  and  died  in  Jervis  street 
Hospital-     He  left  a  widow. 

KELLY,  Captain  R.  C,  Munitions  Depart- 
ment, Dublin,  gave  evidence  before  the  Har- 
dinge  Commission  of  attending  a  conference 
at  the  War  Office,  where  Lord  Kitchener,  Lord 
Wimborne,  and  Mr.    Bin-ell  were  present. 

KELLY,  Alderman  James,  J. P.,  was  ar- 
rested in  Easter  Week  and  conveyed  to  Porto- 
bello  Barracks  after  his  tobacco  shop  at  the 
corner  of  Camden  street  and  Harrington  street 
had  been  raided  by  the  military.  The  Simon 
Commission  reported  that  the  suspicion  against 
Mr.  Kelly  v.  as  due  to  a  misunderstanding,  and 
that  he  was  in  Fact  quite  innocent  of  any  con- 
nection with  the  rebellion. 

KENT,  Edmund,  one  of  the  seven 
Signatories  (Eamon  Ceannt)  to  the  declaration 
of  an  Irish  Republic,  was  executed  on  Mon- 
r'  ii  ,  8th  Mav,  1916,  in  Kilm  ii  I  am. 
He  was  born  in 
and  d!  no;  f  eel  in  ! 
an  important  position 
in  the  Treasurer's 
Corporation.  He  was 
of  the  Gaelic  League,  and  a  mcml-.cr  of  the 
Coisde  Gnotha.  Kent  commanded  the  • 
who  held  the  Smith  Dublin  Union.  He  left  a 
widow  and  one  young  son. 

KENT,  Thomas,  who  was  tried  on  4th  May 
and      executed      on      9th      May.      1916,      at 
Cork,      for     the      murder     of     He;  d 
stab!"     Rowe,     of     the     Royal     Irish 
stabulary,       was      one      of       four      br< 
who   resided    with   their   mother  al    Bawnard, 
Coole,     near     Fermoy.     On    2nd 
May    I  i heir  house  ti  arrest 

a  nee    was    mi 
and    Head    (  "o  table    Rowk  A    dead. 

On    the    a;  '  ival    of    th<     n ■    :i  a  i  -     the    Kents 

hen       '  us,    and    i  ame    out   of 

■       with      i  heir      mot  hi  r.        Th 
Kent  was  tried  in  Cork  two  months  before  the 


in       1882, 

OCCUn'i  ■■! 

T-cal     *taff 
Tire   of     the      Dublin 
foundation    me  nl  <  r 


n    th 


rebellion  under  the  Defence  of  the  Realm 
Act,  and  the  Bench,  with  the  exception  of 
the  Stipendiary  Magistrate,  dismissed  the  case 
against  him.  He  had  previously  been  im- 
prisoned in  connection  with  land  agitations, 
and  had  spent  some  years  in  the  United  States 
and  South  Africa.  From  the  beginning  of  the 
Volunteer  movement  he  was  an  active  mem- 
ber of  the  Castlelyons  Corps,  which  claimed 
to  be  the  first  teetotal  company  in  Ireland. 

KENT,  Richard  (brother  of  Thomas  Kent, 
executed),  resided  at  Bawnard,  Castlelyons, 
Coole,  near  Fermoy,  with  his  mother.  On 
2nd  May,  after  Head  Constable  Rowe  had 
been  shot,  and  the  military  arrived  at  the 
house,  the  family  surrendered,  Richard  at- i 
tempted  to  make  his  escape,  and  was.  shut 
by  the  military,  and  died  in  Fermoy  Military 
Hospital.  He  had  been  arrested  in  the  days', 
of  the  Land  League  when  a  boy.  He  was  an 
athlete,  and  well-known  in  Gaelic  athletic 
circles. 

KENT,  William  (brother  of  Thomas  Kent, 
executed),  residing  at  Bawnard,  Castlelyons, 
Coole,  near  Fermoy,  was  tried  by  courtmartial 
at  Cork  on  4th  May,  charged  with  the  murder 
of  Head  Constable  Rowe,  and  acquitted. 

KENT,  David  (brother  of  Thomas  Kent, 
executed),  residing  at  Bawnard,  Castlelyons, 
Coole,  near  Fermoy,  was  tried  by  courtmartiaj, 
at  Richmond  Barracks,  Dublin,  on  14th  June, 
on  a  charge  of  having  murdered  Head  Constable! 
Rowe  w;hile  the  officer  was  engaged  in  arrest- 
ing him  on  a  charge  of  treason.  He  was  found 
guilty  and  sentenced  to  death  with  a  strong 
recommendation  to  mercy  on  account  of  his 
previous  good  character,  and  the  Command  er- 
in-Chief  commuted  his  sentence  to  five  years' 
penal  servitude. 

KENNEDY,  Lieutenant  T.  J.,  Royal  Innis- 
killing  Fusiliers,  who  was  mentioned  in  the 
War  Office  despatch  of  25th  January,  1917.  for 
distinguished  services  in  mnection  with  the 
war,  was  one  of  the  officers  engaged  in 
Dublin  during  the  rebeBion.  He  was 
in  command  of  the  trorres  in  the  vicinity  of 
the  Pro-Cathedral,  and  was  complimented 
1  v  the  clergy  there  on  the  way  in  which  he 
i   mdrcted   [he  ope^atin  safeguarding  the 

hrMdii   r   and    the   i«n         I  tantsof  1  he 

.'■■<]■.  hood.        Li  ute     •■<'     Kennedy    was 

si  i  of  Mr.  Samuel  Kennedy,  of  C'ooks- 
I  iwn,  ami  prior  to  offering  his  services  was 
editor  of  the  Monaghan  Northern  Standard. 
He  was  subsequently  killed  at  the  front  in 
the  memorable  operations  ,,f  July  1st,  1916, 
while  serving  with  his  battalion  in  the  1 
Division. 

KIDNEY,  Robert  J.,  F.S.  V.A.,  Stai*  Build- 
ings, College  Green,  ••  >■  electi  1  Secretary  of 
the  Dublin  Fire  and  Property  Losses  Associa- 
tion. 

KING,  Second  Lieut.,  Royal  Irish  Fusiliers, 
was  one  of  the  sixteen  captives  taken  by  the 
and  held  in  the  G.P.O.   during  Easter 
week. 

liEOOH,  Nurse,  one  of  the  staff  of  the 
South  Dublin  Union,  was  accidentally  killed 
by  a  stray  shot  whilst  discharging  her  duty. 


KEOGH,  Gerald  (20),  a  scout  in  the  Volun- 
:trs,  was  shot  dead  ill  front  of  Trinity  College. 

KETTLE,  Mrs.,  wife  of  Lieut.  T.  M. 
{fettle,  Royal  Dublin  Fusiliers  (who  was  killed 
n  Fiiuiceji  and  sister  of  .Mrs.  Sheehy  Skeffing- 
pn,  gave  evidence  before  the  Simon  (  oramis- 
gon  regaiding  a  visit  paid  to  Portobello  Bar- 
ks in  company  with  her  sister.  Mrs.  Gfcl- 
le,  to  inquire  about  the  late  Francis  Sheehy 
Bteffhigton. 

LUCAS,  See.  Lieut.  V.  L.,  King  Edward 
Horse,  was  shot  by  miii.ary  while  on  duty  in 
"  linness's  Brewery  O'i  Friday,  28th  April, 
under  circumsta'yes  that  rue  fully  narrated  in 
Lhe  eon  -tmartial  proceedings  to  be  found  on 
ages  116-121.  See.  Lieut.  Lucas,  who  was  a 
[graduate  of  Cambridge  University,  had  been 
giff-ered  the  adjutancy  of  his  regiment  just  be- 
Fore  his  death.  He  left  a  prosperous  business 
in  Canada  for  active  service,  and  was  wounded 
at  Fostiibert.  Subsequent  to  the  trial,  Lord 
[  heylesmore,  who  presided,  stated  specifically 
that  "  There  was  no  evidence  whatever  pro- 
duced at  the  coui'tmartisl  that  Lieut.  Lucas 
was  in  any  way  connected  with  the  Sinn 
Wei nen,  or  that  he  was  in  sympathy  with 
mem  ;  nor,"  his  lordship  added.  "  was  there 
»ny  evidence  whatever  to  justify  any  suspicion 
of  the  loyalty  and  good  character  of  Mr. 
Luc:  ,. "■  These  statements  were  rendered 
necessary  because  the  deceased's  friends  and 
brother  officers  believed  that  the  public  had 
formed  the  erroneous  impression  from  the  re- 
ports of  the  proceedings  that  Lieut.  Lucas  and* 
Lvut.  Worswick,  who  had  lost  their  lives 
r.nder  such  tragic  circumstances,  were  in  sym- 
pathy with  the;  Sinn,  Veiners,  or  connected 
with  them.  There  was  no  public  investigation 
into  the  circumstances  attending  the  death  of 
Lieut.  Worswick  his  case  being  governed  by 
the  finding  in  that  of  Lieut.   Lucas. 

LUMSDEN,  Doctor  John  (M.D.).  Knight  of 
Grace  of  the  Order  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem, 
Deputy  Commissioner  St.  John  Ambulance 
Brigade,  Director  General,  Joint  V.A.D.  Coir, 
mittee  for  Ireland,  was  awarded  a  silver  medal 
by  the  General  Chapter  of  the  Order  of  St. 
John  of  Jerusalem  for  his  services  during  the 
rebellion,  when  he  attended  wounded  soldiers 
in  the  street's  under  heavy  fire- 
The  Chapter  General  of  St.  John  ex- 
pressed its  keen  sensibility  of  the  good  work 
done  by  members  of  the  Order  in  Dublin,  and 
pointed  out  to  the  Deputy-Commissioner 
that  such  an  example  is  an  excellent  en- 
couragement to  all  concerned  for  making  ad- 
ditional efforts  in  the  objects  which  all  mem- 
bers have  at  heart. 

LOVE,  H.  C,  13  St.  Stephen's  Green, 
North,  Dublin,  is  the  Secretary  of  the  Re- 
bellion Victims'  Committee. 

LOWE,  Brigadier=General  W.  H.  M.,  C.B., 

Was  in  command  of  the  forces  at  the  Curragh 
•when  the  outbreak  occurred,  and  took  an  ac- 
tive part  in  the  operations  in  Dublin,  and  it 
was  to  him  that  P.  H.  Pearse  surrendered. 
He  was  mentioned  in  Sir  John  Maxwell's  de- 
catches,  and  in  the  New  Year  Honours'  List 


ie>  was   promoted      to      be    Honorary   Major- 
General. 

MACKEN,  Peadar,  who  was  killed  dur- 
ing the.  fighting  at  Bolan.i's  mill,  was  active 
in  labour  as  well  as  Gaelic  circles,  and  was 
a  prominent  figure  at  Irish-Ireland  gatherings. 
He  sat  in  the  Dublin  Corporation  as  Alderman 
for  the  North  Dock  Ward  for  a  number  of 
years,  but  did  not  seek  re-election  at  the 
expiry  of  his  period  of  service. 

MACKEN,  Francis,  was  killed  in  the  fight- 
ing in  the  General  Post  Office.  He  was  an 
active  member  of  the  Volunteers,  and  aimed 
at  training  the  men  to  obey  orders  given  in 
the  Irish  language.  With  this  object  he 
conducted   an  Irish   class   at  Rathfarnham. 

MACKENZIE,  Robert,  provision  merchant, 
was  shot  on  Thursday,  27th  April,  at  midday 
when  sitting  in  his  shop  at  the  foot  of  Rutland 
square.  Mr.  Mackenzie  was  one  of  the  sur- 
vivors of  the  Lusitania  having  had  the  remark- 
able experience  of  being  rescued  from  that 
great  disaster  dryshod. 

MAGUIRE,  W.  (37),  a  confectioner,  was 
killed  in  Talbot  street  while  engaged  in  ambu- 
lance work.  He  left  a  widow  and  seven  chil- 
dren. 

MAHONY,  Lieut.  I.  A.  M.  5.,  was  one  of  the 
prisoners  taken  by  the  rebels  and  kept  in  the 
G.P.O.  during  the  rebellion.  He  attended  to 
the  wounded  in  the  building,  and  dressed 
among  others  the  wounds  of  "  Commandant 
General  "   James   Connolly. 

MALONE,  Michael  (28),  carpenter,  and  a 
member  of  the  Volunteers  cyclist  section,  was 
killed  in  the  fighting  at  Northumberland  road. 

MALLIN,  Michael,  a  Commandant  of  the 
Citizen  Army,  was  in  charge  of  the  rebels 
at  St.  Stephen's  Green,  and  afterwards  in  the 
Royal  College  of  Surgeons  with  the  Countess 
Markievicz.  He  was  executed  in  Kilmainham 
on  8th  May,  1916.  He  w  is  a  silk  weaver  by 
trade,  a  musician,  and  an  active  member  of 
the  Workingman.'s  Tena-peran  :e  Committee, 
Church  street.  He  left  a  widow  and  five  young 
children. 

MANNING,  Peter  Paul,  was  fatally 
wounded  while  fighting  with  the  Volunteers  in 
North  Bruns.ick  street  on  Saturday,  29th 
April.     He  was  twenty-five  yea's  of  age, 

MARKIEVICZ,  Ccnstarsce  Georgina,  com- 
manded the  insurgents  in  the  Royal  College  of 
Surgeons.  She  was  sentenced  to  death  by  court- 
martial,  but  the  sentence  was  commuted  to 
penal  servitude  for  life.  She  is  a  daughter 
of  the  late  Sir  Henry  Gore-Booth,  Bart.,  a 
large  landowmer  of  Sligo.  After  being  pre- 
sented at  Court  to  Queen  Victoria  in  the 
Jubilee  year,  she  became  an  art  student  in 
Paris,  and  achieved  a  certain  amount  of  suc- 
cess. Sixteen  years  ago  she  married  Count 
Casimir  Markievicz,  a  Polish  artist,  who  at  • 
Easter,  1916,  was  fighting  with  the  Russian 
Army.  In  addition  to  her  activities  as  a  Sinn  . 
Feiner  she  took  active  part  in  Suffragist  demon- 
strations. She  established  the  National  Boy 
Scouts  in  1910,  and  this  body  gave  many 
young  lads  to  the  ranks  of  the  rebels.       Sh« 


263 


was  prominently  associated  with  James  Larkin 
in  his  activities  which  paralysed  the  trade  of 
Dublin  in  1913  and  led  to  grave  riots  in  the 
city. 

MAXWELL,  Major=General  Sir  John  Gren. 
fell,  K.C.B.,  C.M.G.,  C.V.O.,  D.S.O.,  was  sent 
to  Ireland  with  plenary  powers  from  the  Go- 
vern men'  on  Thursday,  27th  April.  Hr  arrived 
at  th-  North  Wall  at  2  a.m.  on  Friday,  29th, 
anJ  ilound  the  east  side  of  Lower  Sackville 
street  ;n  names  and  firing  going  on  in  all 
parts  of  the  city.  He  ordered  his  forces  to 
press  in  on  the  rebels,  and  by  four  o'clock  the 
following  afternoon,  Saturday  29th,  the 
leaders  of  the  insurgents  had  surrendered. 
A  notable  event  occurred  on  Tuesday,  27th 
June,  when  Sir  John  was  present  throughout 
the  entire  proceedings  of  a  meeting  of  the 
Cabinet,  which  lasted  from  half-past  eleven 
until  two  o'clock.  Sir  John  Maxwell  remained 
in  command  in  Ireland  until  he  was  appointed 
to  the  Northern  Command  at  York.  Hs  left 
Ireland  by  the  mail  boat  from  Kingstown  on 
the  evening  of  Monday,  13th  November.  Sir 
John  is  fifty-six  years  old,  and  has 
had  i<-  distinguished  record  of  ser- 
vice, mainly  in  Egypt,  where  he  first 
served  in  the  war  of  1882.  He  commanded 
the  Second  Egyptian  Brigade  at  Omdurman, 
and  the  14th  Brigade  in  the  South  African 
War.  He  was  in  command  in  Egypt  when  the 
war  broke  out,  and  returned  to  England  in 
April,  1916,  having  retired  from  the  command 
owing  to  the  reorganisation  of  the  forces  in 
Egypt  under  General  Sir  Arthur  Murrav. 

MELLOWES,  Herbert,  brother  of  "  Liam, 
Mellowes,  was  deported  -after  the  rising, 
and  subsequently  released.  He  was  re- 
arrested on  24th  February,  1917,  and  again 
deported. 

MELLOWES  (J. lam)  Wi'liam,  an  organiser 
ot  the  Irish  Volunteers,  was  deported  to  Eng- 
land early  in  1916,  but  e*ca^ed  from  there, 
and  took  an  active  part  in  the  rising  in  Co. 
Galway.  He  dieaopeared,  and  is  supposed  to 
have    cone    to    Am  erica.. 

MLDLETON,    Viscount    Biron    BroJrfck.    of 
The  Grange,  Midleton.  Co.  Cork,  who    ai  Mr 
Si     John   Bnidrick.  w  a  *  S  sen  I  trv  of   •■'  ■■ L  >  fo 
War,   1900-3,  and  Secret  iry   P  »r   rn  li  i     lfW  3 
gave    evidence    before    the    Hai  '.'■]>■■■    Cimmii 

■  i  Inquiry  to  show  th  it  be  had  ;'•  enu  ntly 
uj  s  >d  the  ( I™  r n i neir t  to  take  si  ;  to  i  \p>  ess 
sedition   before  the  rising. 

MOLONV,  Right  Hon,  Lord  Justice  Thomas 
Francis,      I'.C. ,    [rel  ind,      one  of   the 
Commissioner^    ippointed   to   inquire  into   the 
death  of   Francis  Sheehy  Skeffington  .and  two 
ithers     in     Port  obello     Bai  ract         was     Soh 
mera]    for    Ireland,    1912-13,    Attorney- 
113,  and  in  the  s  i,me  ye  u   bee  ime    t 
of  I  he  M  igh  Coui  fc  of   I  u  , ti ■  •  in  Ireland, 
.   Bench    I >i  vision      In  19  is  pro. 

nioted  I. oi.l    In  i  i<  e  of  Appeeu, 

MONTGOMERY,    William,    of    the   firm    of 
lontgomery    ana    Sao,    assessors    of 
fire       lo  I        b  ostef       plai  e,       is 

o)    the  to  the   Gotilding   Commission 


appointed  by  the  Government  to  assess  th»| 
damage  sustained  by  Dublin  firms  by  fire  audi 
otherwise. 

MOORE,  Colonel  Maurice  George,  C.B.,  cj 
Ballyglass,  Co.  Mayo,  joined  the  Connaught 
Rangers  in  1875,  and  served  in  the  Kaffir  and 
Zulu  Wars,  and  was  present  at  the  battles  of 
Colenso  and  Spion  Kop.  He  commanded  the 
first  battalion  from  December,  1900,  till  the 
end  of  the  South  African  'War,  serving  in 
Natal,  Transvaal,  Orange  River  Colony,  an 
Cape  Colony.  For  his  services  he  was  men- 
tioned in  despatches  and  made  Brevet-Lieut.- 
Colonel,  C.B.  He  was  a  prominent  figure  in 
the  early  organisation  of  the  Irish  Volunteers, 
and  a  member  of  the  Provisional  Committee. 
Sir  Neville  Chamberlain,  in  his  evidence  toll 
'he  Hardinge  Commission,  said  he  wished  it 
understood  that  he  cast  no  imputation  againsfi 
Colonel  Moore,  as  when  the  disloyal  element 
got  into  the  Volunteers  he  would  have  no  more 
to  do  with  it.  Colonel  Moore  himself  sum 
mitted  a  statement  to  the  Hardinge  Commis- 
sion. 

MORRIS,  Lieut.  M.  C,  11th  East  Surrey 
Regiment,  was  in  charge  of  a  picket  on  Porta 
bello  Bridge  on  Easter  Tuesday,  when  Francis 
Sheehy  Skeffington  crossed  on  his  way  homJ 
He  gave  orders  for  the  arrest  of  Mr.  Skeffing- 
ton, and  detailed  two  men  to  convey  him  to 
barracks. 

MORGAN,  Lieut.  Samuel  Valentine,  3rd 
Royal  Irish  Rifles,  was  Adjutant  at  Porto- 
bello  Barracks  in  Easter  Week.  He  gave  evi- 
dence before  the  Simon  Commission. 

MURPHY,  John,  who  carried  on  business  at 
the  corner  of  Henry  street  and  Moore  street, 
and  who  was  Chairman  of  the  Rathdown  Rural 
District  Council  (No.  2j,  was  rhot  deud  on 
Saturday,  29th  April,  as  he  was  on  his  way 
to  visit  his  sister  in  another  part  of  the  citv. 
He  was  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  Co.  Wick- 
luiv. 

MURPHY.  Wtn.  Martin,  Associate  of  thi 
Institute  of  Civil   Engineers  (Ireland)    Directol 


of  the  Great 
President    of 
mer^e,    J 912 
Did 


v  ml  hen 
the    Di 

nd  ni; 

United    Tram 


id    ( 
i    Co 


'■  a  if  Con 
i rma n  of  ( I 
ini  iated    t! 


Dublin  Fire  arid  Property  Losses  As  iciatiora 
"  hi  h  led  to  thy  app  .intmefit  of  the  I  touldina 
■  :!-  'ion.  He  also  submitted  a  si  itemeni 
,tu  the  Hardinge  Commission  of  Inquiry  whicH 
was  included  in  an  appendix  to  the  published 
minutes  of  evidence  given  to  the  Commissi  m 

MURRAY,    Daniel     (27),    1 kl ler,    was 

wounded  in  the  Royal  College  of  Surgeons,  am 
died  in  St.    Vincent's  H  >spil  1 1 

McGUINNESS,    Joseph    P.,    was    trieu    by 

courtmartial    aaul    sentenooo    to    thre  i 

imprisonment,  and  ;..  si  ill  a  pi  isoner  in  Le 

Jail.    On  thetieath  of  Mr.  John  Phillips,  M  P, 

louth,  Longford,  Mr.  McGu  run 

b,    the  Sinn  Fein  Party  for  the  vacancy.     At 

one    time    there    were    four   candidates   in    tho 

fi   Id,    bul    before   nominal  ion    day    the    i    •■■  ■<  i 

I  '  i  I  wo,  aaul  the  contesl   re    >l    sd  il    ill 

i  light    fight       between    the    [)fn   ial 

j    Party    and    the    Sinn    Feiners. 


Polling  took  place  on  Wednesday,  9th  May, 
1917,  and  the  result  was  declared  next  day  as 
follows  : — - 

J.  P.  MeGuinness  {Sinn  Fein).,   1,498 
Patrick  McKenna.  (Nationalist)..   1,461 


Sinn 
McBRIDE, 


Fein   majority   37 

John,  Major,  was  executed 
in  Kirmaiuham  on  May  5th,  1916, 
for  taking  an  active  part  in  the  re- 
bellion. He  Mas  associated  with  Thomas 
MacDonagh  in  the  command  of  the  forces  that 
occupied  Jacob's  biscuit  factory.  He  was  a 
native  of  Westport,  County  Mayo,  who 
threw  over  the  Irish  Constitutional  Party  in 
1895,  and  joined  the  physical  force  party.  He 
emigrated  to  South  Africa,  became  a 
naturalised  citizen  of  the  Transvaal,  and  whj.i 
the  Boer  War  broke  out  he  organised  and  leu 
the  Irish  Brigade,  which  f ought  against  the 
British.  He  was  a  commissioned  officer  in 
Kruger's  Army  with  the  rank  of  Major.  At 
the  end  of  the  war  McBride  went  to  Paris 
as  one  of  the  delegates  from  the  Irish  Trans- 
vaal Committee  to  Mr.  Kruger,  then  in  t.'.at 
city,  who  told  him  that  he  "  would  never 
forget  ho>'  the  Irish  Brigade  stood  oy  tre 
men  of  the  Transvaal  in  their  hour  of  need." 
It  was  during  this  visit  to  France  that 
M' Bride  met  Miss  Maude  Gonne,  whom  he 
married  two  years  later,  and  who  afterwards 
divorced  him.  At  the  end  of  the  war  he  v\  as 
presented  bv  Mr.  Reitz  with_  the  flag  of  the 
Irish  Brigade,  with  the  inscription: — 
"  'Tis  better  to  have  fought  and  lost 
Than   never   to   have   fought   at   all." 

"Under  the  gene-taJ  amnesty  after  the  South 
African  War  McBride  returned'  to  Ireland, 
and  in  1809,  at  the  celebration  at  Kilkenny 
of  the  anniversary  of  the  death  of  the  "  Man- 
chester Martyrs,"  he  appealed  to  his  hearers 
to  "  do  all  in  your  power  to  prevent  your 
countrymen  from  entering  the  degraded 
British  Army."  Sneaking  at  the  same  time 
of  the  prospect  of  a  German  invasion,  he 
said: — "Should  they  land  in  Ireland  they 
will  be  received  with  willing  hearts  and 
strong  hands  .  .  .  and  twelve  months  later 
this  land  will  be  as-  free  as  the  Lord  God 
meant  it  should  be."  In  19-11  the  Dublin 
Corporation  elected'  McBride  to  the  po^t  of 
water  bailiff. 

M'CULLAGH,  Cant,  J.  T„  R.A.M.C.,  was 
shot  through  the  base  of  the  left  lung  on  Easter 
Monday  "while  collecting  wounded  in  the  front 
Of  Jacob's  factory.  Captain  M'CuIlagb  was 
educated  in  St.  Andrew's  College,  St.  Stephen's 
Green,  and  Trinity  College,  taking  his  medical 
degree  with  honours.  When  the  war  broke 
out  he  was  attached  to  the  Army  Medical 
Staff,  and  served  in  the  Gallipoli  campaign 
with  the  7th  Battalion  Royal  Dublin  Fusiliers, 
where  he  was  wounded.  When  recovering  he 
Contracted  typhoid  fever,  and '■  was  sent  to 
■  Alexandria,  afterwards  coming  home  on  sick 
leave-  After  that  he  had  been  doing  duty  as 
Medical  Officer  to  PortobeJla  Barracks.  lie  is 
a  son  of  Mr.  J.  M'Cullagh,  of  Arklow,  Co. 
Wicklow. 


McDERMOTT,  John,     one     of     the     seven 

signatories  (Sean  MacDiarmada)  to  the  de- 
claration of  an  Irish  Republic,  was  executed 
in  Kilmainham  on  12th  May,  1916. 
He  was  a  native  of  Kiltyclogher,  County 
Leitrim,  and  physically  was  not  a 
strong  man.  He  edited  ■  a  weekly  paper 
advocating  the  cause  of  the  Volunteers.  After 
a  political  mission  to  America  he  became 
active  in  organising  in  the  West,  and  for  an 
anti-recruiting  speech  he  was  prosecuted 
under  the  Defence  of  the  Realm  Act,  and 
sentenced  to  four  months  in  prison.  He  was 
much  in  request  as  a  speaker. 

McGRATH,  Constable  John,  188B,  Dublin 
Metropolitan  Police,  was  shot  while  on  duty 
in  College  street  Barracks  on  26th  April.  The 
contents  of  a  shot-gun  came  through  the  win- 
dow, and  McGrath  received  severe  wounds 
in  the  stomach.  He  was  under  treatment  in 
St.  Vincent's  Hospital,  and  the  Convalescent 
Home  at  Stillorgan,  for  seven  months,  and 
was  discharged  on  pension  as  unfit  for  further 
services  on  account  of  his  injuries.  On  Satur- 
day, 27th  January.  1917,  at  Great  Brunswick 
street  Central  Police  Station,  Constable 
McGrath,  who  is  a  native  of  Waterford,  was 
handed  a  valuable  gold  watch,  with  a  suitable 
inscription,  subscribed  for  by  his  comrades,  on 
the  occasion  of  his  retirement  from  the  force. 

McDOWELL,  Wm.  (44},  one  of  the  rebels 
killed  in  the  fighting  at  the  South  Dublin 
Union,  was  a  painter  by  trade.  He  left  a 
widow  and  four  children. 

MacDONAGH,     Tbamas,      M.A 

the  seven  signatories  *  ■ 
Irish    Republic,    w-s    ex 

1916,     in     Kilmaiuhirri. 
of       Clougb  Jordan,       an 
intended    to    devote    hLn 
but    did    not    perse.-'    - 
After    the     nubltc-ati    i 
order  cancelling   the    ^;~ 


TV 


one     of 

laratinn   of  an 

1    on    May    3rd. 

was     a     native 

JarlV        in        life 

to    the    Church, 

that       purpose. 

'■   hn     MacNeili's 

:anmivres.    Mac 

from      Dublin 

>ster      Sii/dav, 

-ire     to     c  dy    ;6 

and    be    issued 


Brigade  Headnuarters  on 
23rd,  that  "all  Volui 
Dublin  until  fu.rthei 
a  final  order  on  EasJ  ■;  Monday  dire  ung  the 
four  cifcv  battalions  to  "  parade  for  -  ispectioja 
and    route   march    at   J  ."    and    to    bring 

"  full  arms  and  equipment  and  one  day's 
rations."  He  commanded  the  insurgents  in 
Jacob's  biscuit  factory,  and  was  one  of  the 
signatories  to  the  document  of  surrender. 
MacDonagh  was  an  M.A.  of  the  National 
University  of  Ireland,  and  a  tutor  of  Eng- 
lish literature  in  University  College,  Dublin, 
and  was  associated  with  P.  H.  Pears*  in  the 
conduct  of  St.  Enda's  College,  Rath/arnham. 
after  he  had  spent  some  time  teaching  in 
Fermoy  and  Kilkenny.  He  was  a 
poet  a»d  dramatist,  and  published 
several  books  of  verse.  A  play  of  his,  "When 
the  Dawn  is  Come  "  was  produced  at  the 
Abbey  Theatre  in  1908,  and  he  was  director 
of  the  Irish  Theatre  in  Ilardwieke  street. 
MacDonagh  left  two  children  and  a  widow, 
who  is  a  "sister  of  Mrs.  Joseph  Plunkett. 


270 


McC4MM0ND,  Lt.=CoL  T.  V.  P.,  Ro-al 
Irish  Rifles,  the  Commander  at  Portobello 
Barracks,  was  mentioned  in  a  War  Office  list 
of  officers  who  rendered  distinguished  services. 
He  was  on  sick  leave  and  in  hospital  on  the 
dav  the  three  men  were  shot  in  the  barracks. 
MacINTYRE,  Patrick  (38),  was  shot  by  the 
military  in  Portobello  Barracks  on  Wednes- 
day 26th  April,  with  Thomas  Dickson  and 
Francis  Sheehy  Skeffington.  The  Simon  Com- 
mission of  Inquiry  found  that  he  was  in  no 
way  connected  with  the  rebellion.  He  was 
the  editor  of  a  newspaper.  The  Toiler,  ana 
an  active  opponent  of  the  Larkimtes. 

MacNEILL,   John,    President   and   Chief   of 
the  Staff  of  the  Irish  Volunteers,  was  tried  by 
-ourtmartial,  and  sentenced  to     penal  servitude 
far   life         He   is   a     native   of   Co.      Antrim, 
and    was  educated  at    St.    Malachy's    College, 
Belfast      At   the  age   of  twenty   years   he  ob- 
tained a  clerkship  in  the  High  Court  of  Jus- 
tice     Dublin,     and    spent    more    than    twenty 
years  in  the  Accountant-General'?  office  at  the 
Four   Courts.     He  was   from  an  early    age  an 
ardent  student  of  Celtic  language  and  history, 
and    was    one   of    the  founders   of    the   Gaelic 
League,  in  which  organisation  he  held  office  as 
vice°rnesident   from    the  time  of    its  establish- 
ment.     He  edited   many  of  the  League's  pub- 
lications, and   was  well  known  as  an  authority 
on    early    Celtic   culture.     In    1909,    with    the 
establishment    of    the    National    University    oi 
Ireland,     he    was    appointed    to    the    chair    oi 
Early   and    Mediaeval    Irish    History.        When 
the   Irish    Volunteers  were  established  in  Octo- 
ber,   lrfL3,     MacNeill    took    an    active    part    in 
their   organisation.      He  addressed    meetings  in 
various  "parts    i>F    the    country,    and    when,    in 
1914,  the  Sinn   Fein  section  broke  awav  from 
the    general    body    of    Volunteers,    he    became 
President    of    the   seceding    body.     About   the 
Fame   time    he  took    up    the    editorship   of   the 
/,•;,/,       Vnhiitfeor.      the      official      organ    of   the 
Irish  O"  Sinn    Fein   Volunteers.     This  he  con- 
ducted  up  to  the   lime  of  the  outbreak.      By 
the  original  plan  the  rising  was  to  have  tak»n 
place  on  E-.ster  Sunday,  but  nn  that  day  the 
Sunday-      7  n  damn  dent     published     an     order 
signed  by  MacNeill  cancelling  all  the  arrange- 
ments,   and    forbidding       any    movements    of 
the   Volunteers  to   tal  e   place.      Tins   *  as   \v,< 
last  public  action  in  the  matter,  but  evidence 
exists    that     MacNeill    also    endeavoured     by 
private    l-;'  '-  i    to    '  anda  its   to   stop    al! 

NATHAN,  Lieut. -Colonel  fir  Matthew, 
r,  *  M  (i  t  succeeded  Sir  James  Dougherty  as 
T ;,,,],  Secretary  for  Ireland  in  September, 
!$]/[_  '|  be  Hafdinge  Commission  rep 
(I,  ,j  w|nle  lii  il  thew  <  arried  out  with  tho 
,al  lovaltj  the  p  <:'  y  of  the  Government 
<!,,..,  con  lidered  he  did  not  ufficiently  impre  s 
Up0'n  the  Chief  Secretary  during  Mr.   BiireH's 

pr0l ed    ib  icnc.e  i  from  Dublin  (he  nece    il  / 

f,,r  more  act tni  emi  ri'y  I  he  situa- 
tion ,..|M  h  he  had  in  ;  I       ".:    i  ,  1915,    described 

„  i  I    .  or .  and    menacing     Sir  Matthew, 

wnn  |       il  I,   the   Royal   En  ;inecrs  in  fch* 

,,,,1    |  ,n  li  \\    K  -  pedil  ion  i,    ha  i   since    re- 

1 1  i  tie  I  to  I  hem    and    gone   on  si  vice. 


Before  coming  to  Ireland  he  was  Chairman 
of  the  Board  of  Inland  Revenue,  and  pre- 
viously to  that  he  had  been  successively  Go- 
vernor of  Sierra  Leon,  Gold  Coast,  Hong 
Kong,  and  Natal,  and  afterwards  Secretary 
to  the  Post  Office. 

NEILAN,  Lieut.  Gerald  Aloysius,  who  met 
his  death  on  Usher  Island  on  Easter  Monday, 
while  attempt:ng  to  dislodge  rebel  snipers  from 
the  Mendicity  Institution,  was  the  second  sur- 
viving son  of  the  late  John  Neilan,  J. P.,  of 
Ballygalda,  Roscommon,  and  of  Mrs.  Neilan,  4 
Mount  Harold  terrace,  Leinster  road,  Dublin. 
He  was  educated  at  Clongowes  Wood  College, 
and  on  the  outbreak  of  the  South  African  War 
enlisted  in  the  Sherwood  Foresters,  and  served 
in  South  Africa,  where  he  was  severely 
wounded.  From  South  Africa  he  went  to 
China,  where  he  remained  with  his  regiment 
for  six  years,  and  then  left  the  Army.  In  De- 
cember, 1914,  he  was  given  a  commission  in 
the  Northumberland  Fusiliers,  and  later  acted 
as  musketry  instructor.  In  February,  1916,  he 
transferred  to  the  Roval  Dublin  Fusiliers, 
where  he  got  his  promotion,  and  was  appointed 
bombing  instructor.  He  was  aged  34,  and  un- 
married. Lieut.  Neilan  was  a  brother  of 
Doctors  J;  A.  and  C.  J.  Neilan,  of  New  Sea- 
ham,  Co.  Durham.,  and  of  Dr.  A.  J.  NeiLn,  of 
Leinster  road,  Dublin. 

NEIL,  James  Crawford,  one  of  the  junior 
staff  in  the  National  Library  of  Ireland,  died 
on  10th  May  at  Jervis  street  Hospital  ot 
wounds  sustained  in  the  rebellion.  On  tha 
evening  .of  Easter  Tuesday  he  v. as  returning 
from  a  visit  at  Glasthule,  near  Kingstown.  To 
avoid  the  firing  in  Sackville  street  he  passed 
alonu  the  Southern  line  of  quays,  and  crossed 
the  Metal  Bridge,  intending  to  go  to  the  North 
side  of  the-  city,  where  he  lived.  A  looter 
alarmed  by  his  coming,  fired  a  pistol  at  him, 
the  shot  taking  eftYet  in  the  spine,  causing 
paralysis  from  the  waist  down.  On  his  death 
bed  he  wrote  a  pathetic  statement  of  these 
facts.  Mr.  Neil  was  a  writer  of  treat  promise. 
Fie  belonged  to  no  political  organisation. 

NOLAN,  Miss  Louisa,  was  awarded  the 
Military  Medal  by  the  War  Office  for  her 
bravery  in  tending  wounded  officers  and  men 
at  Mount  street  Bridge  during  the  fighting 
there  on  Wedne  day  of  Easter  Week.  Misa 
Nolan  went  calmly  through  a  hail  of  bullets 
and  carried  water1  and  other  comforts  to  tho 
wounded  men  She  is  the  daughter  of  ex- 
Head  (unstable  Nolan,  of  tho  Royal  Irish 
Constabulary,  who  resides  at  Ringsend.  After 
the  rebellion  Miss  Nolan  went,  to  London, 
and  took  part  in  the  "Three  Cheers"  revtfe 
in  the  Shaftesbury  Theatre.  Two  oi  her 
sisters  are  nursing  in  England,  one  brother 
is  in  the  Army,  and  another  in  the  Navy,  and 
a,  third  was  killed  in  August  last  on  tho 
Western  front.  On  Saturday,  24th  February, 
1917,  Miss  Nolan  was  decorated  with  fchqi 
medal  by  His  Majesty  at  Buckingham  Palace 
NORWAY,  A.  H„  Secretary  of  the  Post 
Office  in  Ireland,  gave  evidence  befoi  i  the 
,  Hnge  Commission  in  Dublin  i  i  <  bi  ding 
lh        m  'net  of  the  postal  stuff. 


•  „.> 


•I 


ORPEN,  Charles  St.  C,  President  of  the 
Incorporated  Law  Society  of  Ireland,  is  the 
Chairman  of  the  Rebellion  Victims'  Commit- 
tee, appointed  to  inquire  and  report  regarding 
applications  for  payment  out  of  public  funds 
by  innocent  persons  who  suffered  in  the  re- 
bellion or  the  dependents  of  innocent  victims. 

OSBORNE,  J«hn,  a  member  of  the  firm  of 
Sels  and  Co.,  fire  assessors,  London,  is  one 
of  the  three  gentlemen  appointed  by  the  Gov- 
ernment as  a  Committee  to  assess  t'e 
damages  sustained  by  the  sufferers  from  the 
fires. 

OWENS,  John  (24),  an  artificial  limb  maker, 
was  one  of  the  rebels  killed  in  the  fighting  at 
the  South  Dublin  Union. 

OWEN  LEWIS,  Major  A.  F.,  General  Staff 
Officer,  Irish  Command,  gave  evidence  before 
the  Hardinge  Commission  of  Inquiry,  and  was 
mentioned  in  despatches  for  distinguished  ser- 
vices. 

O'CARROLL,  Richard,  who  was  shot  in 
Camden  street  on  26th  April,  and  died  nine 
days  later  in  Portobello  Hospital,  was  a  mem- 
ber jf  the  Dublin  Corporation,  where  he  repre- 
sented the  Labour  party  for  several  years. 
Councillor  O'Carroll  was  formerly  a  member 
of  the  South  Dublin  Board  of  Guardians,  and 
he  was  an  active  official  of  the  Incorporated 
Brick  and  Stonelayers'  Union.  At  his  death 
he  left  a  widow  and  seven  children,  whoso 
ages  varied  from,  thirteen  vears  to  a  few 
weeks. 

O'CONNELL,  Sergt.  WmM  Royal  Irish  Con- 
stabulary, Drumconrath,  Co.  Meath,  Vi  as 
awarded  the  King's  Meal  for  conspicuous 
gallantry  during  an  attack  by  rebels  on  a 
body  of  police  at  Ashbourne. 

©'CONOR,  Charles  H.,  Local  Government 
Bvard  Inspector,  is  one  of  the  three  members 
of  xH  v  Rebellion    Victims'    Committee. 

O'CONNELL,  Sir  Morgan  Ross,  Fourth 
Baronet,  Lakeview,  Killarney,  gave  evidence 
before  the  Hardinge  Commission  regarding 
the  presence  of  aliens  in  Co.  Kerry  and  the 
Sinn  Fein  movement  in  that  county.  He 
said  thfit  the  Government  had  appointed  to 
the  Commission  of  the  Peace  scores  of  men 
who  were  unfitted  for  the  position,  and  who 
attended  Petty  Sessions  Courts  solely  for  the 
purpose  of  carrying  out  the  most  open  and 
flagrant  jobbery.  The  first  Baronet  was  the 
youngest   brother   of   the    "  Liberator." 

©'DUFFY,  John,  L.D.S.,  R.C.S.I.V  of  54 
Rutland  square,  Dublin,  aged  81,  was  killed  by 
a  stray  bullet.  His  death  caused  genuine 
regret  amongst  dental  practitioners  and  hosts 
of  other  friends  throughout  Ireland.  The  re- 
bellion brought  about  the  loss  of  two  well- 
known  Dublin  dentists.  Mr.  O'Duffy  worthily 
represented  the  older  school  of  dentists,  and 
Mr.  Hyland,  the  younger,  and  both  of  them  j 
were  justly  regarded  with  esteem  by  the  mem- 
bers of  the  profession  and  the  public  generally. 
Mr.  O'Duffy  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
Dental  Sospital  in  Lidcoln  place,  and  in  other 
ways  he  did  much  to  advance  the  status  of 
«uaH8«wJ  dentists.  His  son,  Mr.  Kevin  O'Duffy, 
fe  Dexiiiii  in  Ordinary  to  the  Ljid  Lieutenant. 


#0'FLANAGAN,  Patrick,  one  of  the  rebels 
killed  in  the  fighting  in  North  King  street, 
was  a  member  of  the  Pioneer  Temperance 
Association,  and  a  Volunteer  from  the  start.; 
He  left  a  widow  and  three  children. 

O'HANRAHAN,  Michael,  executed  in 
Kilmainham  on  4th  May,  1916,  was 
a  man  of  considerable  literary  ability. 
He  was  employed  in  a  clerical  capa- 
city at  the  headquarters  of  the  Volunteers  in 
Dawson  street,  and  was  one  of  the  most 
trusted  men  in  the  Volunteer  organisation. 
He  belonged  to  New  Ross,  and  spent  his 
early  years  in  Carlow.  He  was  the  author  of 
a  work  of  military  adventure  entitled  "A 
Swordsman  of  the   Brigade." 

O'HANRAHAN,  Henry,  sentenced  to 
penal  servitude  for  life,  is  a  brother  of  Michael 
u  ^.anrahan,  and  was  also  employed  on  th9 
clerical  staff  at  the  headquarters  of  the 
Volunteers. 

O'KELLY,  John  T.,  Secretary  of  the  Gaelic 
League,  was  deported  after  the  rising  and  re- 
leased at  Christmas.  At  a  meeting  of  the 
Dublin  Corporation  on  Monday,  8th  January 
1917,  he  was  co-opted  a  member  of  that  body 
to  represent  Inns  quay  War,  for  which  he 
had  become  disqualified  by  reason  of  absence 
from  the  Council  during  the  statutory  period. 
He  was  a.aain  arrested  on  Thursday,  22n4 
Febrnarv,  1917,  and  deported  to  England. 

O'KELLY,  J.  J.,  a  well-known  Irish  writer 
under  the  nom-de-plu.me  "  Seilig,"  and  editor 
of  The  Catholic.  Bulletin,  published  in  Dub- 
lin, was  arrested  on  24. Ii  February,  1917,  and 
deported  to  England. 

O'LOUGHLIN,  Rev.  F.  E.,  Roman  Catholic 
Chaplain  at  Portobello  Barracks,  was  present 
at  the  burial  and  subsequent  exhumation  of 
the  three  men  shot  there  on  Wednesday,  26th 
April,  1916.  _  He  gave  evidence  before  the 
Simon   Commission. 

O'RAHILLY,  M.  J.  (The)  was  shot  dead 
while  fighting  in  Henry  place  opposite 
the  General  Post  Office,  where  he 
was  engaged  all  Easter  Week.  Military 
prisoners  who  were  kept  in  that  buil  dug 
were  under  the  direct  care  of  The  O'Rahilly, 
and  they  agree  that  h^  was  very  considerate 
to  his  captives.  The  O'Rahilly  was  the  hea<i 
of  an  old  Kerry  clan,  and  had  a  private  in- 
come of  £903  a  year,  which,  it  is  believed,  he 
largely  devoted  to  the  cause  he  espoused.  For 
years  he  was  a  keen  worker  in  the  Irish 
language  movement,  and  a  member  of  the 
governing  body  of  the  Gaelic  League.  Hy 
travelled  extensively  on  the  Continent,  and 
spent  several  years  in  the  United  States.  On 
Easter  Sunday  £e  sperifc  C..a  day  motoring 
through  the  country  and  countermanding 
the  orders  that  had  been  given,  but  when  the 
fatal  step  was  taken  it«  Dublin  he  went 
ahead,  and  took  up  a  post  in  the  Genera!  Post 
Office.  The  O'Rahilly  left  a  widow  and  five 
children. 

O'RP.U.LY,  Rhhard,  tnd  youngest  of  a 
family  ol  ft"i3  was  one  of  the  rebels 
killed      $l      ;'ki»      flghfrLflg      at      the      South. 

J  1 


272 


Dublin  Union.  Two  of  his  brothers 
were  in  the  British  Army,  and  one  of  them 
was  killed  in  action  in  France. 

O'REILLY,  John,  was  second  in  command 
of  the  Citizen  Army,  which  occupied  the  City 
Hall.  When  John  Connolly  was  shot  down 
O'Reilly  succeeded  him,  only  to  be  shot  down 
five  hours  later  on  Easter  Monday  evening. 
He  was  a  man  of  great  physique,  and  6ft.  6in. 
in  height. 

PARTRIDGE,  Win.  P.,  a  member  of  the 
Dublin  Corporation,  was  sentenced  to 
fifteen  years'  penal  servitude,  but  five  years 
were  remitted.  He  was  released  in  April,  1917, 
because  he  was  suffering  from  Bright's  disease. 

PEACOCKE,  Doctor  Reginald  C.  (M.D.), 
Assistant  County  Director  County  of  DuDlin 
Branch  British  Red  Cross  Society  and  Joint 
Red  Cross,  is  a  son  of  the  late  Most  Rev.  Dr. 
Peacocke,  Archbishop  of  Dublin,  and  resides 
at  4  Avoca  terrace,   Blackrock,  Dublin. 

PEARSE,     Patrick     H.,     B.A.,  B.L.,     one 

of  the  seven  signatories  to  the  declaration  of 
an  Irish  Republic,  was  executed  on  May  3rd, 
1916,  in  Kilmainham.  Ke  was  de- 
scribed as  "Commandant-General  of  the 
Army  of  the  Dish  Republic,"  and 
"  President  of  the  Provisional  Government." 
Poarse,  who  was  36  •  ars  of  age,  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Irish  Bar,  and  the  founder  and 
headmaster  of  St.  Enda's  School  for  Boys,  at 
Rathfarnham,  County  Dublin.  He  was  born 
in  Dublin,  but  was  of  English  descent.  He 
was  educated  at  the  Christian  Brothers' 
School,  Westland  row,  end  the  Royal  Uni- 
versity, and  at  the  age  of  17  founded  and 
became  President  of  (he  New  Ireland  Literary 

iv.  He  had  been  a  member  of  the 
Executive  of  the  Gaelic  League,  was  a  fine 
Gaelic    scholar,    and    wrote    miracle    plays    in 

ic  for  the  pupils  of  his  school,  some  of 
whom  took  part  in  the  rising.  I'carse  was  a 
noted  orator,  and  represented  the  Gaelic 
League  at  Welsh  and  Scottish  festivals,  and  on 
the  occasion  of  (!.  •  funeral  of  '.'  ,  Rnssa 

in  Glasnevin  Cemetery  in  August,  1915, 
he   delivered    an    imp  oration.        Evi- 

dence exists  that  Pearse  intended  to  occupy 
{',._■  post  nf  Provost  of  Trinity  College  in  the 
the  n  bellion  1  eing  a  su<  cess.  Pearse, 
lasi  J.i.nr;  i:!  p] :  -,,■)  jn  vvritin" 
p«  ■  -  J 

PEARSE,  William  J.,  executed  in  Kil- 
mainham on  4th  May,  1916,  for  takin^ 
a  prominent  part  in  the  rebellion,  was 
a  brother  of  Patrick  J{.  Pearse,  Ho 
was  educated  at  the  Christian  Brothers' 
School  in  Westland  row,  and  ;.fter  a  period 
of  work  as  a  sculptor  became  as- 
sociated with  ]n's  bro!  and 
Thomas  MnrDonngh  in  the  management  of 
iSt.  Enda's  College,  Rathfarnham.  Ho  was 
a  keen  Irish  lrelander,  attending  tho 
Oi  reach tns  and  other  festivals  attired  in 
fcEcient  Gaelic  costume.  Ho  was  a  t-la^e 
•nthaampt,  and  appeared  on  ').c  boards  si 
|he  Abbey  Iheatro  and  Liih  Theatre,  Hard- 
.■tic   i, 


PERCY,  J.  C,  J. P.,  gave  important  evi- 
dence before  the  Hardinge  Commission  showing 
1 -w  recruiting  for  the  Army  was  affected  by 
the  Sinn  L< cut  propaganda.  'He  is  well  known 
in  literary  and'  commercial  ci-chs,  r  '.  is  tl.e 
author  of  severai  books  of  anecdote,  which  are 
largely  read  and  quoted. 

PIPKIN,  Samuel  J.,  General  Manager  of 
the  Atlas  Insurance  Co.,  is  one  of  the"  three 
gentlemen  appointed  by  the  Government  as 
a  Committee  to  assess  the  damages  sustained 
by  sufferers  from  the  fires. 

PLUNKETT,  Count  George  Noble,  P.S  \j 
who  was  Director  of  the  Natio  tal  M'l&nrd 
of  Ireland,  and  a  distinguished  scholar  poet 
and  antiquary,  was  arrested  alter  the'rebeli 
hem  With  Countess  Plunkett,  his  wife  and 
after  a  period  of  detention  in  Dublin  -was  re- 
moved to  England.  There  they  had  their 
liberty,  but  wore  debarred  from  returning 
to. Ireland,  their  eldest  son,  Joseph  Plunkett 
was  executed,  and  two  other  sons  Georel 
and  John,  were  each  sent  to  penal  servitude 
for  ten  years.  Count  Plunkett  was  created 
a  Count  of  the  Holy  Roman  Empire  bv  r  eo 
Xtll.  In  1884  he  married  Misa  JosTphTnl 
Cranny,  of  Muckross  Park.  and  they 
had  four  daughters  and  three  sons. 
After  Ins  arrest  Count  Plunkett  was  removed 
from  Ins  position  as  Director  of  the  National 
flinseurn,  winch  carried  a  salary  of  PICO 
On  Thursday,  ISlh  January?  1917  ^ 
special  meeting  of  the  Royal  Dublin  Society 
bv  236 f  votes  against  53  passed  a  recommenda- 
tion of  the  Council  to  the  effect  that  Count 
Plunkett  be  called  upon  to  resign  membership 
of  the  Society.  1  he  restrictions  upon  hi.  move- 
moots  having  beer,  relaxed  Count  Plunks 
Arrived  in  Dublin  on  Wednesday  31  ,t 
January,    to   find    himself  one   of  three  Vnndi 

d»%*     rVhS     Par!i  -nrcs^arion 

of  North  Rn^ormnnn,  r»n*»r«A   w»nt  bv  the 

J-   .;T      0  Kelly.         THp    Count 

r,i„...   ,  '  ?<l  uenrv..  nn    ThnmAiV,    1,-t 

q   I      a  "A       Ti  '""     tn°k     Vhc°     «« 

w"j  ■  --n  ,  ,,  r"s"!t  was  enounced  on 
I  [oirlay.   51  h     as   follows  : 

George    Noble    Count    Plunkett  3  Q9o 

T.   J.    Devine  raalfati     1*708 

Jasper    '1  Lilly  ' ^j 

;V!;:'   the   ','v''  e   PoJi'the  Count 

said  he  would  not  take  his  seat  at  West 
minster,  and  has  not  done  so  The" 
payment  of  Count  Plunkett's  Parliamentary 
salary  having  been  the  subject  of  questions  in 
the  House  of  Commons,  tho  Speaker  ruled 
that  M.P.'s  could  not  be  paid  until  they  bad 
taken    tho   oath   in   tho  House   of   Commons. 

PLUNKETT,  Countess,  wife  of  Count 
Plunkett,  F.S.A.,  was  arrested 
after  the  rising,  detained  in  prison  for  a 
time,  airf  afterwards  with  her  husband 
obliged  to  remain  away  from  Ireland  until 
t>e  early  part  of  1917,  when  tho  restriction 
Wja  »&hd"awn.  It  was  she  who  founded  the 
llardwicKo  street  Theatre,  which  her  lat« 
son.  Joseph,   directed  lor  3    period. 


4* 


273 


PLUNKETT,   Joseph,      one     of  the   seven 

signatories  to  the  declaration  of  an  Irish  Re- 
public, was  executed  in  Kilmainbirr 
on  4th  May,  1916.  Around  him 
centres  the  romance  of  the  rebellion,  as 
he  was  married  at  eight  o'clock  the  night 
before  his  execution  to  Miss  Grace  Gifford, 
whose  sister  was  married  to  Thomas  Mac- 
Donagh,  another  of  the  rebel  leaders  exe- 
cuted. He  was  the  eldest  son  of  Count  and 
Countess  Plunkett,  and  two  of  his 
brothers,  George  and  John,  who  also 
took  part  in  the  rising,  were  sentenced 
to  death,  but  the  sentence  was  commuted  in 
their  cases  to  ten  years'  penal  servitude. 
Joseph  Plunkett  was  a  poet  and  a  dramatist, 
and  for  a  time  edited  "  The  Irish  Review." 
He  was  24  years  of  age,  and  acted  as  secre- 
tary to  James  Connolly  during  Easter  week 
in  the  General  Post  Office.  He  had  been  in 
Spain  eaily  in  the  year,  and  was  believed  to 
be  there  for  the  purpose  of  negotiating  writh 
Germany.  Mrs.  Joseph  Plunkett  is  the 
daughter    of    a    well-known    Dublin     solicitor. 

POWER,    County    Inspector    P.    C,    Royal 

Irish  Constabulary  for  County  Kilkenny  gave 
important  evidence  before  the  Kardinge 
Commission. 

PORTAL,  Lt.Col.  B.  P.,  D.S.O.,  Com- 
mander of  the  Mobile  Column  from  the  Cur- 
ra>h.  He  was  mentioned  in  Sir  John  Max- 
well's despatches  and  also  in  a  War  Office  list 
of  officers  who  rendered  distinguished  services. 

/RICE,  Major  Ivor  II.,  LCD.,  is  a  County 
Inspector  of  "the  Royal  Irish  Constabulary, 
but  after  the  outbreak  of  the  war  he  be- 
came Intelligence  Officer  at  the  Irish 
Military  Headquarters,  and  acted  as 
intermediary  between  the  military  authorities, 
the  Under  Secretary,  Dublin  Castle,  R.i.C. 
and  P.M. P.  He  gave  important  evidence  be- 
fore the  Hardinge  Commission.  He  was  men- 
tioned in  despatches,  and  made  a  Companion 
of  the  Distinguished  Service  Order  early  in 
1917. 

PL'RCELL,  Thomas  P.,  Commander  of  the 
Dublin  Fire  Brigade,  had  a  tremi  d  ius  task 
imposed  upon  him  during  the  ehi  on.  How- 
he  grappled  with  it  is  clearlv  tuJ  i  in  the 
striking  'narrative  which  he  tells  on  pages 
33.35  °  He  was  awarded  the  bronze 
medal  of  the  British  Fire  Prevention  Com- 
mittee in  recognition  of  the  services  rendered 
by  himself  and  the  brigade  during  the  rising. 
Capt.  Purcell  holds  the  silver  medal  for  life 
saving  from  fire  which  was  presented  to  him 
many  years  ago  by  the  Lord  Mayor  of  London. 
PURSER,  Lieut,  and  Acting  Adjutant  Philip 
Addison,  who  was  killed  in  the  rebellion,  was 
trained  in  the  O.T.C.,  Dublin  University,  and 
was  attached  to  the  Duke  of  Cambridge's 
Hussars  on  the  outbreak  of  the  war.  In  Octo- 
ber 1914,  he  obtained  a  commission  in  the 
Army  Service  Corps,  and  in  February,  1915, 
•was  sent  to  Flanders.  He  was  invalided  home 
in  the  following  May,  but,  on  the  expira- 
tion of  six  months-  waa  able  t*  return  to 
duty.  Early  in  April,  1916,  he  was  sent 
%o   the   Curragh   as    Acting    Adjutant,    Army 


Service  Corps,  and  on  the  outbreak  of  &« 
Sinn  Fein  rebellion  was  the  bearer  of  de- 
spatches from  the  Curragh  to  Dubiin.  He  war 
"held  up"  by  the  Sinn  Feiners  before  he 
reached  Dublin,  but  managed  to  get  through 
and  delivered  his  despatches  in  safety.  He 
was  shot  on  the  evening  of  the  29th  April, 
while  returning  from  Kingstown  to  Dublin. 
Lieut.  Purser,  who  was  only  20  years  of  age, 
was  the  son  of  Mr.  William  Purser,  Resident. 
Secretary  of  the  Scottish  Widows'  Fund 
Society,   Westmoreland   street,    Dublin. 

QUIGLEY,  James,  County  Surveyor  of 
County  Meath,  was  tried  at  Richmond  Bar- 
racks  by  courtmartial  and  acquitted  of  a 
charge  of  having  conveyed'  information  to  the 
rebels  by  signal  '  when  the  police  were 
ambushed  near  Ashbourne. 

QUINN,  James,  a  painter,  was  one  of  the 
rebels  killed  in  the  fighting  at  the  South  Dub- 
lin Union.    He  left  a  widow  and  young  family 

RAFFERTY,  Thomas  (22),  of  Lu.sk,  Co. 
Dublin,  a  well-known  hurler  and  member  of 
the  Black  Raven  Pipers,  was  killed  at  the 
battle  of  Ashbourne. 

RAMSAY,  Lieut.  Alan,  Royal  Irish  Regi- 
ment, who  was  killed  while  leading  the 
attack  on  the  ■  rebels  in  the  South 
Dublin  Union,  was  the  elder  son  of  Mr.  Daniel 
L.  Ramsay,  J. P.,  0f  the  Royal  Nurseries, 
Ballsbridge.  He  was  educated  at  St.  Andrew's 
College,  and  at  Trinity  College.  In  College  he 
joined  the  Officers'  Training  Corps,  and  on  the 
outbreak  of  war  he  received  a  commission  in 
the  Royal  Irish  Regiment.  He  went  to  Flanders 
at  Christmas,  1914,  and  a  few  months  later 
was  wounded. 

RICE,  William  John,   Gl  -.   Sandford 

terrace,    Dublin,    and   m  of    the    clerical 

staff  at  Guinnesses     !r<  S  shot  dead  by 

the  military  in  the  1  :  ut.  Lucas, 

2nd  King  Edward  K"o  '      ■  '  ad  no  con- 

nection with    tir'     -  ment,    and 

was  a  trusted  official  in    !  is's.     See  paees 

116-121.) 

ROSBQROUGH,  Majs>r  James.  Royal  Irish 
Rifles,  was  temporarily  in  1  immand  of  Porto- 
bello  Barracks  durii  *  Lhe  1  '  llion.  He 
ga\e    evidence    at    the    r  martial     follow- 

ing  the   shooting   of    Fi        is  !,-.   Skeffin^- 

ton,  and  also  before  the  Simon  Commission. 

ROSS  OF  BLADEN SBURU,  Lieut. .Colonel 
Sir  John  Foster  George,  K.C.B.,  was  Chief 
Commissioner  to  the  Dublin  Metropolitan  Police 
from  1901  until  August,  1914,  when  he  ten- 
dered his  resignation  because  the  Government 
had  suspended  th*  Assistant  Commissioner 
without  hearing  the  police  report  of  the  Howth 
gun-running  incident.  To  the  Hardinge  Com- 
mission  Sir  John  related  the  official  police  ac- 
count of  that  affair,  and  recorded  his  emphatic- 
opinion  that  an  injustice  had  been  done  to  his 
late  assistant,  Mr.  Ilarrel.  Sir  John  .Ross  seved 
in  the  Coldstream  Guards,  ar.d  in  1885  served 
in  th©  S«akin  campaign,  and  acted  as  Assist- 
ant British  Commissioner  in  Turkey  in  1878-79. 
lie  was  Assistant  Private  Secretary  to  the 
Right  Hoc.     Wt  E.  iorster,  Chief  Secretar/ 


274 


i'or  Ireland  in  1881  2,  c.nd  served  on  the  sNff 
of  Earl  Spencer  and  Earl  of  Carnarvon,  when 
these  noblemen  held  the  office  of  Viceroy  oi 
Ireland  in  the  eighties  While  he  has  written 
a  number  of  military  histories,  he  devotes 
much  time  and  interest  to  horticultural  mat- 
ters, being  a  great  collector  of  trees  and 
shrubs,  of  which  he  has  a  world  famous  col- 
lection at  his  place  at  Rostrevor,  Co.  Down. 

RUTTLEBGE,  County  Inspector  G.  B., 
Royal  Iiish  Constabulary  in  the  West  Riding 
of  Galway,  gave  important  evidence  before 
the  Hardinge  Commission.  He  was  awarded  the 
King's  Medal  for  the  conspicuous  courage  and 
ability  he  showed  during  the  rebellion  when 
no  troops  were  available. 

RYAN,  Fred  (17),  a  member  of  the  Citizen 
Army,  was  killed  in  the  fighting  at  St. 
Stephen's  Green. 

SIMON,  Right  Hon.  Sir  John  Allsebrook, 
was  the  Chairman  of  the  Royal  Commission 
appointed  to  inquire  into  the  facts  connected 
with  the  shooting  of  Francis  Sheehy  Skeffing- 
ton  and  two  others  in  Portobello  Barracks. 
Sir  John  was  Solicitor-General  of  England 
from  1910  to  1913,  and  from  the  latter  date 
until  1915  he  was  Attorney-General.  In  that 
year  be  became  Home  Secretary,  but  differed 
with  his  colleagues  in  the  Cabinet  when  Com- 
pulsory Service  was  introduced,  and  in  the 
same  year  he  resigned  his  office. 

SHARPE,  County  Inspector  John  R.,  of  the 
Royal  Irish  Constabulary  for  County  Wexford, 
gave  important  evidence  before  the  Hardinge 
Commission. 

SHEARMAN,  Mr.  Justice,  one  of  the  mem- 
bers of  the  Hardinge  Commission  which  inquired 
into  the  causes  of  the  rebellion,  is  a  noted 
sportsman.  He  played  Rugby  for  Oxford,  ran 
8  hundred  yards  and  quarter  mile,  and  was  the 
amateur  champion  in  these  events.  He  is  the 
joint  author  of  "  Football  :  Its  History  for 
Five  Centuries"  (Athletics  and  Football,"  Bad- 
minton Library.) 

SHORTIS,  Patrick  (23),  was  a  native  of 
Ballybunion,  and  was  educated  at  Killarney 
and  Dublin,  taking  his  B. A.  Degree  at  the 
National  University.  He  qualified  as  a  wire- 
less telegraphy  operator,  and  while  in  Lon- 
don was  active  in  Volunteer  circles  there.  He 
was  killed  in  the  fighting  in  the  General  Post 
Office,  Dublin. 

SHEEHY  SKEFFINGTON.  Francis  Joseph 

Chrisiajjher,  was  shot,  with  two  others  (Dick- 
Bon  and  Mac  I  nt;,  re)  by  the  military  in  Pdrto- 
bello  Barracks  on  Wednesday  morning,  26th 
April,  1916.  He  was  the  son  of  Dr.  Skeffington, 
M.A.,  LL.D.,  J.P.,  and  was  born  at  Bailie- 
boro',  Co.  Cavan,  He  was  for  many  years 
a  well  known  figure  in  Dublin,  arid  took  a 
prominent  part  in  the  voles  for  women  move- 
in  nt  -in  fact  he  was  wearing  a  "  votes  for 
■women"  badge  in  his  coat  the  day  h0  was 
arrested,  He  was  principally  engaged  lattaily 
us  a  journalist,  and  acted  as  correspondent 
foi   foreign  papers,     He  was  37  years  of  age, 

und  l(  ft  ;.  widow  and  one  son.  The  circum- 
stances   attending     his    death     were    enci'-Ai  *vd 


into  by  a  Rcyal  Commission,  which  found  that 
he  was  in  no  way  connected  with  the  rebel- 
lion. Captain  J.  C.  Bowen-Colthurst,  who 
ordered  him  to  be  shot,  was  tried  by  court- 
martial,  found  guilty  of  murder,  and  was  also 
found  to  be  insane,  and  was  subsequently 
ordered  to  be  co/ifined  in  a  criminal  lunatic- 
as j him  during  His  Majesty's  pleasure. 

SHEEHY  SKEFFINGTON.  Mrs.,  wil  ,v 
of  Francis  Sheehy  Skeffington,  who  was  stiot 
in  Portobello  Barracks,  gave  evidence  before 
the.  Simon  Commission  appointed  to  inquire 
into  the  circumstances  surrounding  her  hus- 
band's death.  In  December,  1916,  she  ar-j 
rived  in  New  York  with  her  son,  Owen,  aged 
seven. 

SKEFFINGTON,  Dr.  J.  B..  Warrenpoint, 
Co.  Down,  ex-Senior  Inspector  National  Edu- 
cation Board,  the  father  of  the  late  Mr. 
Francis.  Sheehy  Skeffington,  was  present  at  the 
exhumation  of  his  son's  remains  in  Portobello 
Barracks.  Dr.  Skeffington  also  attended  the 
Simon  Commission  of  Inquiry,  and  put  a  num- 
ber of  questions  and  made  a  statement. 

SOMERV1LLE,  Major  H.  F.,  was  m  com- 
mand of  the  troops  at  the  North  Wall  and 
Custom  House.  He  was  mentioned  in  de- 
spatches and  made  a  Companion  of  the  Dis- 
tinguished Service   Order. 

STODART,  Holden,  Corps  Superintendent 
for  Co.  Dublin  of  St.  John  Ambuiarice 
Brigade,  was  shot  on  the  afternoon  of 
Wednesday,  26th  April,  1916,  while  going  with 
a  stretcher  to  the  rear  of  Pembroke 
road  to  bring  in  a  wounded  soldier 
to  the  Royal  City  of  Dublin  Hospital  at 
Baggot  street.  Mr.  Stodart,  who  was  aged  33, 
and  the  younger  surviving  son  of  Mr.  Thomas 
A.  Stodart,  an  old  and  value  J  member  of  the 
Irish  Times  staff,  resided  at  "  Winona," 
Victoria  Villas,  Blackrock,  a  id  has  left  a 
widow  and  child.  He  was  educated  at  the 
High  School,  Dublin,  and  held  a  responsible 
position  in  the  firm  of  Messrs.  Arthur  Guin- 
ness and  Co.  Mr.  Stodart  was  one  of  the 
strongest  supporters  of  the  St.  John  Ambulance 
Brigade  in  Dublin,  and  from  the  outbreak  of 
th?  war  had  rendered  valuable  service  as  a 
Superintendent  of  the  Brigade,  and  he  had  been 
awarded  the  Coronation  Silver  Medal.  To  this 
work  he  devoted  himself  with  a  whole  hearted 
enthusiasm  tuat  characterised  everything  he 
took  an  interes1-  in.  When  tho"iehellion  broke 
oat  in  Dublin  he  was  the  senior  St.  John 
Ambulance  officer  then  in  the  city,  and-  he 
immediately  got  into  touch  with  the  military 
authorities,  who  were  only  too  glad  to  avail 
of  the  services  which  Mr.  Stodart  rendered 
cheerfully  for  two  days  and  nights.  He  had) 
on  arduous  task  in  organising  bodies  of  ambu- 
lance workers  to  take  duty  at  various  hospi- 
tals, but.  despite  what  would  have  seemec? 
insurmountable  obstVoies  to  many  Mr.  Stodart 
gathered  his  forces,  and  placed  them 
where  their  services  were  most  needed 
Having  completed  the  work  of  organisation 
he  sell  led  down  to  the  detail  work  under  his 
superior  officer  who  was  now  on  the  spot,  with 
the   Royal   City   o{   Dublin   Hospital,    Baggot 


street,  as  his  station.  From  there  he  went  out  on 
the  afternoon  of  Wednesday,  26th  April,  and 
died  in  the  discharge  of  his  duty.  Acting  on 
the  suggestion  and  under  the  direction  of  Dr. 
Lumsden,  Deputy  Commissioner  for  Ireland, 
the  members  of  the  St.  John  Ambulance 
Brigade  in  Ireland  founded  the  Holden  Stod&rt 
Memorial  Ward  in  the  Duke  of  Connaughc's 
Hospital  for  Limbless  Soldiers  and  Sailors  at 
Bray.  The  list  of  subscriptions,  which  totalled 
£724,  showed  thatfVnariy  thousands  of  men 
and  women  throughout  the  country  partici- 
pated in  paying  tribute  to  the  memory  of  a 
gallant  comrade.  The  memorial  ward,  which 
contains  14  beds,  is  now  open  in  the 
Duke  of  Connaught's  Hospital  at  Brsy. 
The  War  Office  placed  officers  and  men  of 
the  Red  Cross  and  St.  John  Ambulance 
Brigade  in  the  same  position  with  re- 
gard to  pensions  and  compassionate  allow- 
ances as  the  equivalent  ranks  in  the  Army, 
and  in  pursuance  of  this  liberal  policy  the 
widow  and  child  of  Mr.  H.  Stodart  were 
granted  the  pension  and  allowance  of  a  Lieu- 
tenant k'!led  in  action. 

TAYLOR,  J.  J.,  C.B.,  I.S.O..  Principal 
Clerk  of  the  thief  Secretary's  Office.  Dublin, 
is  one  of  the  three  members  of  the  Rebellion 
Victims'    Committee. 

TRAYNOR,  John  J.  (17),  one  of  the  rebels 
killed  in  the  fighting  in  the  South  Dublin 
Union  on  Easter  Monday,  was  a  memhpr  of 
the  Geraldine  Football  Club  and  the  Mount 
Arrrus    Pioneer   Temperance   Association. 

VANE,  Major  Sir  Francis,  Minister  Fusi- 
liers, was  engaged  on  recruiting  work  in  Ire- 
land at  the  outbreak  of  the  rebellion, 
volunteered  for  scvice,  and  was  attached  to 
t^e  Royal  Irish  Rifles  at  Portobello  Barracks. 
Fe  had  previously  seen  service  with  the  Scots 
Oi-pvs  in  the  South  African  War.  In  Pnrto- 
bello  Bar'acks  he  was  second  senior  officer, 
and  snnerioT  in  command  to  Cant.  Oolthurst, 
who  did  not  consult  bum  about  the  ^hooting  of 
f>,e  thvffi  men  on  Wednesday.  26th  April. 
Major  Vane  reported  the  shootings,  and  in 
consequence  of  no  action  having  been  taken 
he  went  to  London,  and  saw  Lord  Kitchener. 
Be  gave  evidence  in  Dublin  before  the  Simon 
(C'oTwnission.  which  reported  that  he  had  no 
resnonsihilitv  for  the  shooting. 

WALSH,  Edward,  one  of  thp  rebels,  d-'d  of 
wounds  in  the  Ge""^!  Post  Office.  He  left  a 
wid«"'  and   two  children. 

WALSH,  J.  J,  sentenced  to  ten  years' 
p^nal  servitude,  was  a  member  of  the  Cork 
Corporation,  and  was  employed  in  Cork  Post 
Office  until  he  was  obliged  hv  the  authorities, 
because  of  certain  speeches  in  public,  to 
transfer  to  Bradford.  Eventually  he  was  dis- 
missed from  the  Civil  Service,  and  opened  a 
tobacco  and  newsagent's  shop  at  the  corner 
of  Berkeley  road,  Dnhb-Ti.  Walsh  is  said  to 
have  been  appr.rted  Postmaster  General  of 
the   Irish    Republic. 

WALSH,  Philip,  agec1  28,  •was  a  signal  «-. 
peant  in  the  Volunteers.  av>A  tniisTit  with  tV*m 
at  the  corner  of  Church  street  ?>nd  Biunswhk 
street,  where  he  was  fatallv  wounded.  He  was 
a  member  of  Croke  Football  Club. 


WARMINGTON,  Captain     Alfred     Ernest, 

Royal  Irish  Regiment,  who  was  killed  while 
leading  the  attack  on  the  rebels  in  the  South 
Dublin  Union,  was  the  only  son  of  Mr.  Alfred 
Warmington,  Manager  of  the  Munster  and 
Leinster  Bank  at  Naas,  Co.  Kildare.  The 
deceased  officer,  who  v. as  educated  at  Rane- 
lagh  College,  Athlone,  and  by  private  tuition, 
served  through  the  South  African  War,  and 
was  with  the  Cape  Mounted  Rifles  and 
ThornycToft's  Mounted  Infantry.  He  took 
part  in  the  Battle  of  Spion  Kop  and  the  Re- 
lief of  Ladvsmith,  and  vias  awarded  the  King 
and  Queen's  medals,  with  seven  clasps,  for  his 
services  in  that  campaign.  On  the  outbreak 
of  war  in  1914  he  was  gazetted  Captain  to 
the  6th  Batt.  Royal  Irish  Regiment.  He 
went  to  France  with  the  Tenth  (Irish)  Divi- 
sion, and  was  later  attached  to  the.  3rd  Batt.  of 
the  Royal  Irish  Regt.  at  Richmond  Barracks, 
Dublin,  in  March,  1916.  The  remains  of  Capt. 
Warmington  v.  ere  interred  in  the  grounds 
of  King  George  V.  Mi'itaiy  Hospital,  Dublin, 
where  a  suitable  monument  has  been  erected 
to  his  memorv. 

W-VTERS.  Richard,  Recess.  Monkstnwn.  Co. 
Dublin,  and  an  official  in  the  Bank  of  Ireland, 
College  Green,  was  shot  dead  while  motoring 
towards  the  city  on  Easter  Tuesday  when  ap- 
proaching Mount  street  Bridge.  Sir  John 
Maxwell  in  his  despatch  dealing  with  the  re- 
bellion mentioned  that  numerous  oases  of  un- 
armeo  persons  killed  bv  rebels  had  been  re- 
ported to  him.  and  pmone  the  instances  ho 
selected  for  the  information  of  the  Secretary  for 
War  was  that  of  the  late  Mr.  Waters,  who,  he 
said,  was  being  driven  into  Dublin  bv  Captain 
Scovell,  R.A.M.C.  Both  Mr  Waters  and  Con- 
tain Scovell  were  unarmed  and  the  car  was  not 
challenged  or  wsked   to  stop. 

WAITERS,  the  Very  Rev  Te\\\  Joseph, 
S  M  .  D.D.,  LL  D  ,  President  of  the  Catholic 
University  School,  Lower  Leeson  street, 
had  been  out  on  a  mission  of  charity  in  the 
vicinity  of  Mount  street  Bridce,  when  he  was 
hit  bv  a.  bullet,  from  the  effects  of  which 
he  died  on  Monday,  8th  May,  1916.  The  Rev. 
Dr.  Wafc.-ers  vias  burn  at  Dundalk  in  1851.  His 
brother,  the  Rev.  Michael  J.  Watters,  ex- 
Proviucial  of  the  Ma::st  Society  in  the  Anglo- 
Hibernian  province,  predeceased  him  two  •  ear9 
ago,  and  his  only  sister  presides  over  a  com- 
munity of  Poor  Clares  in  Australia.  He  re- 
ceived his  education  at  St.  Mary's  College, 
Dundalk,  and  became  a  member  of  the  Society 
of  Mary  ;n  1872.  Two  years  afterwards  he 
was  o'"i  VTied  priest,  and  his  first  appoint- 
ment *sv  to  the  Catholic  University  School. 
In  1864  he  left  Ireland  and  went  to  New  Zea- 
land, where  he  founded  the  College  of  St. 
Patrick  at  Wellington.  On  his  return  to 
Europe  in  1397  he  was  attached  to  the  staff  nf 
St  Anne's,  Underwood  street,  London  ;  and 
in  1902  be  was  appointed  Superior  cf  'he 
CathdSw  University  School.  Dublin,  which 
positiotf    he  occupied    till    his   death 

VV».*FI:R.  Th<tma<-,  was  -i  captain  in  the 
Irish  Republican  Army,  and  belonged  to  Knnis- 
coithv,  wheie  be  was  born  twenty  six  voars 
ago.     He  was  killed  in  the  Hibernian  Bank  at 


276 


the  corner  of  Saekville  street  and  Lower  Abbey 
street,  on  Wednesday,  26th  April. 

WEBB.  Doctor  Sitla  G.  (M.D.),  Lady  of 
Grace  of  the  Order  of  St  John  of  Jerusalem  ; 
Lady  District  Superintendent,  S.J.A.B.,  mem- 
ber'of  Joint  V  A.D  Committee  for  Ireland,  is 
the  wife  of  Mr.  Of  ge  R-  Webb,  F.T.UD, 
aaughter  of  the  Very  Rev.  Dr.  Ovanden, 
Dean  of  St.  Patrick"?  Cathedral.  Her  resi- 
dence is  at  20  Hatch  street,  Dublin.  During 
the  rebellion  Dr.  Webb  organised  hospitals, 
cycled  through  the  filing  line  continuously, 
and  visited  the  city  hospitals  day  by  day, 
ascertaining  their  needs,  and  giving  all  as- 
sistance possible.  She  was.  awarded  a  silver 
medal  by  the  Ghrfceial  Chapter  of  the  Order  of 
St.  John  of  Jerusalem  for  her  pallant  services 
during  that  week. 

WILSON*  Sec.  Lieut.  Leslie,  5th  Royal  Irish 
Fusiliers,  was  in  command  of  the  party  of 
soldiers  which  held  Francis  Sheehy  Sherrington 
as  a  hostage  on  Poripbeilo  Bridge  on  Tuesday 
night,  April  25.  while  Gapt.  Bowen-Colthurst's 
party'  was    raiding    Alderman    Kelly's   shop. 

WILSON,  Lieut.  Alexander,  one  of  the. 
three  officers  sharing  guard  duty  at  Porto- 
hello  Barracks  on  Wednesday,  26th  April. 
When  the  three  men  were  taken  out  to  be 
shot  Lieut,  Wilson  was  sent  by  Lieut.  Dobbin 
with  an  urgent  message  to  the  Adjutant  He 
rushed  over  on  his  bicycle,  and  while  deliver- 
ing the  reply  to  Lieut.  Dobbin  the  fatal  vobey 
was  fired.  _ 

WI.MBOHNE,  Lord,  who  resigned  his  post 
as  Lord  Lieutenant  following  the  rebellion, 
was  appointed  in  succession  to  the  Earl  of 
Aberdeen  on  February  1/th,  1915.  He  was 
sworn  in  as  Viceroy  on  the  following  day,  and 
made  his  State  entry  into  Dublin  on  April 
14th  1915  His  attentions  during  the  brief 
period  in  which  he  held  office  were  mainly 
directed  to  the  furtherance  of  recruiting  in 
Ireland,  and  in  his  capacity  of  Controller  of 
Reeruitina  he  addressed  numerous  meetings  in 
various  pa  its  of  the  country.  His  sporting 
tempnranu  nt  assured  his  popularity,  but,  un- 
fortunate iv,  the  continuance  of  the  war  did 
not  enable  him  to-  indulge  to  any  great  extent 
in  polo,  a  pastime  with  v-hich  his  name  has 
been  closely  linked.  He  is  the  eldest  son  of 
the  first  Baron  Wimborne,  and  was  born  on 
January  16th,  1873.  He  was  educated  at 
Eton  and  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  and 
afterwards  joined  the  Imperial  Yeomanry,  in 
which  he  attained  the  rank  of  captain.  In  the 
year  1900  he  went  to  South  Africa  with  his 
corps,  and  for  his  services  there  he  was 
Awarded  the  Queen's  Medal  with  three  clasps 
In  1800  he  was  elected  as.. Conservative  mem 
bei  for  Plymouth,  and  he  represented  the  con- 
stituency until  1906,  when  he  was  elected  as 
the  Liberal  candidate  for  fie  Cardiff  Division. 
He  held  the  seat  until  1910,  when  he  bee  ime 
Paymaster-General.  In  the  same  year  he  »as 
raised  to  the  Peerage  as  Baron  Ashbv  St 
Ledgers,  and  in  1913  he  was  apointed  a  Lord- 
In  Waiting  to  the  King  Cn  the  death  of  his 
father  in  1914  he  succeeded  to  the  title  as 
•ecoud  Baron  Wimborne  Lord  Wimborne 
vaa   Chairman   of    the   Royal   Commission   on 


Coast  Erosion  and  Afforestation,  which  took 
evidence  in  various  parts  of  the  United  King- 
dom some  years  ago.  At  the  date  of  his  ap-  J> 
pointment  as  Lord  Lieutenant  he  was  acting 
as  Aide  de-Camp  to  Lieutenant-General  Sir 
Bryan  Mahon,  Commander  of  the  10th  (Irish)' 
Division  of  the  FL*st  New  Army.  In  1902  he 
married  the  Hon.  Alice  Katherine  Sibel 
Grosvenor,  daughter  of  the  second  Baron 
Ebury.  The  Hardinge  C'ommmission  recorded 
their  opinion  that  no  responsibility  rested  upon 
the  Lord  Lieutenant,  and  that  he  was  in  no 
way  answerable  for  the  policy  of  the  Govern- 
ment. When  announcing  the  appointment  of 
Mr.  Duke  as  Chief  Secretary,  Mr.  Asquith  said 
it  was  not  proposed  to  appoint  a  Lord  Lieu-  I 
tenant,  but  a  few  days  later,  on  August  4, 
1916,  it  was  announced  that  Lord  Wimborne 
had  been  reappointed  to  the  post  of  Lord  Lieu- 
tenant. 

WILLIAMS,  Miss  Florence,  was  awarded 
the  Military  Medal  by  the  War  Office  for  her 
gallantry  and  devotion  in  tending  wounded 
soldiers  in  the  vicinity  of  Dublin  Castle  on 
Easter  Monday.  She  assisted  several  wounded 
soldiers  to  her  mother's  house,  coing  through 
a  heavy  fire  repeatedly,  and  afterwards  ren- 
dered much  valuable  assistance  in  bringing 
oread  and  medical  supplies  and  bandages. 
Aliss  Williams'  father  is  a  sergeant  in  the 
Border  Regiment,  and  on  active  service  ii. 
the  Balkans,  and  the  heroine  resides  witn 
he;  mother  and  sister  in  8  Bristol  Buildings, 
Castle  street,  Dublin. 

WHEELER,  Maior  H.  de  Conrcy.  son  of 
the  late  Surgeon  Wheeler,  Dublin,  accented 
the  surrender  of  Countess  Markievieez  nf  the 
Royal  College  of  Surgeons.  He  was  mentioned 
in  a  War  Office  list  of  officers  who  had 
rendered    distinguished   services. 

WHELAN.  Patrick  (23).  a  member  of  the 
Ringsend  section  of  the,  Gaelic  League,  was 
killed  near  Roland's  Mills.  He  was  mi!  kno^vn 
as  a   hinder. 

WORSWICK,  Sec  !  ieut.  B.,  King  K>;-...n,- 1 
Horse  was  shot  by  the  military  in  Guinriess's 
Brewery  on  Friday,  28th  April,  under  cir 
cumstances  that  a^  fully  reported  in  the  courts- 
martial  to  be  found  on  another  page.  Sec. 
Lieut.  Worswiek  joined  the  2nd  King 
Edward's  Horse  in  August,  1914.  when  it  was 
first  formed,  and  served  with  it  continuously 
until  the  day  of  his  death.  He  left  with  the 
regiment  for  France  on  May  4th.  and  served 
in  the  trenches  till  he  was  offered  his  com- 
mission by  the  Colonel  while  he  was  still  in  the 
trenches  serving  as  a  trooper.  He  returned  -o 
England  to  take  up  his  commission  at  the  end 
of  September,  1915,  and  was  gazetted  on  Octo- 
ber 2nd,  1915.  When  the  rebellion  broke  out 
he  was  stationed  with  the  2nd  King  Edward's 
Horse  at  the  Curragh,  anil  the  i  nanimous 
testimony  of  his  bivKVr  officers  and  friends  is 
that  he  had  no  syrRpsfciry  or  association  of  anv 
kind  with  the  <?6m  Frt*?3'.  There  was  no 
public  investigates*!  uets»  the  eirourastance«  at- 
tending the  (loath  oi  ?&ri  Worswiek,  hia 
case  being  governed  by  fie  f.ndin*;  in  that  of 
Went.  Lucaa.   (See  also  Lu^rs,  Sec.  Lieut.  A.L.) 


UNCONDITIONAL     RELEASE   OF  ALL  PRISONERS. 


In  the  House  of  Commons  on  June  15,  1917, 
Mr.  13  &ii  ar  Law  said — The  Government, 
after  giving  long  and  anxious  consideration 
to  the  position  of  the  Irish  political  prisoners, 
feel  that  the  governing  consideration  in  th» 
matter  is  the  appionchmg  session  of  the  Con- 
vention, in  which  Irishmen  themselves  will 
meet  to  settle  the  difficult  problem  of  the 
future  administration  of  their  conntry.  They 
have  decided,  therefore,  upon  the  release, 
without  reservation,  of  all  prisoners  now  in 
confinement  in  connection  with  the  rebellion. 
All  male  prisoners  were  assembled  at  Pen* 
tonville  Prison.  London,  on  Sunday,  17th 
June,  1917.  The  same  evening  they  were 
placed  on  a  spe.  ial  train  at  Euston  Station, 
and  conveyed  to  Holyhead,  from  where  they 
crossed  by  the  mail  steamer  .Minister  to 
Kingstown.  At  Westla^d  Row  Station.  Dub- 
lin, the  men  arrived  on  Monday  morning,  ]8th 


June     1917,    and    were    welcomed    by   a    Iar^a 
crowd  ot  friends,  b 

Countess  Markievicz  was  not  released 
until  Monday,  18th  June,  from  Aylesbury 
Prison  She  arrived  in  Dublin  on  Thursday, 
21st  June,  and  was  met  by  a  large  crowd 
which  accompanied-  her  as  she  drove  through 
the  principal  streets.  ° 

Before  the  amnesty  several  of  the  prisoners 
were  released  on  account  of  ill-health  anion- 
them  being  William  Partridge,  J.  Jf;'  Culierf 
and  Gerald  Crofts.  ' 

The  following  is  the  list  of  names  of  those 
released  by  the  amnesty.  The  sentences 
passed  upon  them  will  be  found  on  pa<'es 
62-4-6-8,  with  the  exception  of  R.  Dono-nue 
fEnmscorthy),   who     was  sentenced  to     three 

years'   pena.   servitude,    and   Michael   Slatierv 

sentenced   to   eight   years'   penal   servitude  :— . 


Ashe,   Thomas. 
Beasley,    Pierce, 
p.evan,   Charles. 
Bevan,    Thomas. 
Koland,  Henry  James. 
Bradv,    Michael. 
Brennan,  J. 
Brennan,    Maurice. 
Brennan,  Robert. 
Brooks,   F 
pros-nan,  Timothy. 
Burke,    James. 
Burke,    Joseph. 
Byrne,    J. 

Carrick,   Christopher. 
Carrick,    John. 
Clancy,   Peter. 
Clarke,   J. 
Co'eman.   R. 
Collins,    Cornelius. 
Corcoran,   Eddy. 
Corcoran,    John. 
Corcoran,   William 
Cosgrave,   Philip   B. 
Cosgrave,    William,    T.C. 
Cofrigan,    William    P. 
Daws,  Richard. 
De   Lacy,    Michael. 
Dempsev,   James. 
ptorrington,   J. 
De  Valera,   E. 
Dohertv,   John 
Donoghue,    R. 
Downey,  J. 
Doyle,'  Gerald. 
Dovle,   James. 
boyle,   Peter. 
Drennan,    Frank. 
Bopraan.  Edward. 
Etchingham,   John   R. 


Fahy,   Francis. 

Fahy,    Patrick. 

Faulkine>\   John. 

Fitzgerald,   Thomas   Desmond. 

Flanagan,   Patrick. 

Fleming,  Michael  (senior) 

Fogarty.    Patrick. 

Fury,    Patrick. 

Fury,  Thomas. 

Fury,    Thomas. 

Oalligan.   Patrick. 

Haves,  Dr.   Richard, 

Hehir,    Michael. 

Hmcins,  Michael. 

Howlev,    Joseph. 

Hughes,   James  T. 

Hunter,  Thomas. 

Hussey,    William. 

Irvine,  George. 

Jovce,  James. 

Kelly,    P. 

Kelly,    R. 

Kent,  David. 

Kins,    Richard    F. 

Lawless-,   Frank. 

Lawless;  James   V. 

Leahy,   Denis. 

Levins,    George. 

Louriilin.  James. 

Lynch,  Finian. 

Lvnch.   Jeremiah   C. 

Markievicz.    Countess 

M'Ardle,   John. 

MacEriwe,  John. 

Ma o Carry,    John. 

TW'Gmlev,  Conor. 

M'Ouinness,  Joseph,    M.P. 

"\r>n*  Inhon.    Philip  Joseph. 

MacVeill,   Eoin. 

MacNestry,  Patrick. 


Marks,  J. 
Martin,   Francis 
Media n,    W. 
Melinn,  James. 
Mervyn,    Michael. 
Mollov,    Bryan. 
Morrissey,    James. 
Norton,  J. 
O'Brien,   John. 
O'Callaghart,    Denis. 
O'Connor.    Fergus 
O'Dea,    William. 
O'Donovan,    C. 
O'Gearv,    Colin. 
O'Hanrahan,   Henry 
O'Kelly,  T. 
O'Sullivan,  J. 
Peppard,    T. 
Plunkett,   George. 
Plunketf,  John. 
Poole,   Vincent. 
Quinn,    John. 
Rafter,    James. 
Reid,  J.  J. 
Reynolds,  Michael. 
Sallv,  James. 
Scully.   Michael. 
Shonldice,  John. 
Slatterv,    Michael. 
Stark,  "Austin. 
Swecnev.   P.    E.   * 
Tobin,    William   3. 
Tomkins,  John. 
Toole,    Michael. 
Walsh,  J     J. 
Walsh,    Thomas. 
Williams,.  John. 
Wilson,   Jr.rnes. 
Wik.-u,  P. 
Wilean,  ~.T. 


INDEX. 


Colin pse   of    Rebellion 
Collapse    of     Home     Rule 

Scneme    .. 
Collapsible   Boat 

7,  42,   130-2,   140 
Collece   Green 

6,   6,   19,   20,   170.   195 
College    Street 
Collins,    Cornelius 

123-6,    153, 
Collins,   Martin 
Col  Ion 
Cologne 
Colonel 


10 


154 


239 
239 


of    Iri=h    Volunteers 
Colonial  Sharpshooters 
Colonials     who     Defended 
Trinity  College 


154,   2T7 

132,   140 

111 

138 

176 

20 


Commission 

Army 
Commission 

(Ilardi  ncre) 
Commission 

(Simon) 


252 

61 
Inquiry 

151-195 
Inquiry 

206-224 


in       Citizen 
of 

of 


.14 


165 

.   *S5 

ISO 

Volun- 

201 

3evise 

New 

11 

277 

s         38 

115 

29 

40, 

.26-7 

238 

of     .. 

16? 
1  j  *» 

126-7, 

Compensation    for    Loss  ol 

Property  ..  249-50 

Compulsory    Service        3  51,    161, 
175.  180.   193,  9.   201,  2 

Corclusion*     of     Ilurdinge 

Commission         ..  204-5 

Conclusions'  of  oinion  Commis- 
sion . .  .  .20.  »C-16 

Confidential    Circular   to   R.T.C. 

190,    200 

Congested    Districts   Board       156 

Conria  tight  ..  ..        200 

Conrfanght    Rangers        ..55,165 

Ci.iinolly,    James 

l,  3,  4,  11-5-6-7.  42-4-9, 
60-1,  66,  12t,  151-2,  182-3, 
195,    200.    261 

Gcnrov.    John 

Conspiracy,    Lark  in 

Continental    Armies 

Convention— Irish 
leers 

Convention       to 
Government 

Conyngham,    Marquis 

Ci  nvngbam    Road 

Coole.    Lower 

fVombe   Hospital 

Co-ordination.    Lack 

Cordite 

Cork     41-4-5       50. 

171  9.  192  4,  239. 

Cork    Hill 

Coronation    of  Kinc  George 
Corriiran,     Alderman 
Corrida  n   ;>nd    Wilson 
Corns  Oa^t'e   HoSp:tal    . . 
Coscrrave.  Wm.         62    262 
Cotter,    Cons.  G.,    R.I.C... 
Cotton,    Orcranis'er 
Coulter.     Cong.     Jas.     H., 

D.M.P.  ..  ..99,^2 

Comity     of     Dublin     Red 

Cross       ..  ..  ..     231-3 

Court  of  Criminal  Anneal  147-9 
Courtsmartial    in   Dnhlin 

62  8,  102-127 
renrtsmarfH  Reports  ..  244 
Covenant    'UWeO  ..       157 

Cowan.  Col.  II.  V. 

98.    172,    5. 
Crane.   TTniierl   W..  County 

Tnv-.nefor.    R  I  C      6     127, 
Ctanslnvpll 
Crawford,  Sharman 
Crewe,    Lord 
Cronp.    Private   John 
Ci'osliie,    Capt. 
Cmslde     Station    Ser; 

n.M  P 25 

f>**s»  (3uni  Bridge  ..30  ^25 
CuxAm.  Pete:  g'Npill  ..  '  .-m, 
Crowley,  S«,"gt.   D     R.I.C 

"t2b,    -TrT-i 

ITrown    Alley         .,  ..      8,  93 

Croydon    Park         ..  ..        '170 


36 

231 

277. 

134 

T77 


fS2 


2*6 

39.   42,   176 

37 

20Vi 

131.    9 

192 

,'eant, 


Cnffe    Street  ..  ..  8 

Cuihane,    Mrs.        ..212-13,-20-24 
Curagh  9,   41,    92-3,    159 

Currahane        124,  133,   140.   172 
Curtis  and   Son      ..  ..  33,  37 

Curtis,  Gerald        ..  ..        249 

Custom    House    8,    23-4,  41-9,    93 
Cu&'loms  Authorities 

152,    183.    193 

D. 

Daih/    Express    8,  9,  15-6,  94,  253 

Daly,  Edward  50,  62-3,  195,  263 

Daly    P.  T.  ..  ..        263 

Dame    Street  19.    20,    239 

"  Dangerous    Characters" 

211-12,   18 
Dardanelles  ..  ..  49 

Darling,    Mr.    Justice  147-8  9 

Dartmoor  Prison   ...  ...  68 

Dai  try  Dye  Works  ..  36 

Daughters   of    Erin 
Daunt    Rock    Lightship    .. 
Davies.  W.  M.  (Deputy  Tn- 

s'nector-General     R.I.C.) 
Bavin,    J. 
Davy's    Publichouse 

8,    25,   102 
Dawson    street 
Dawson.  W.  and  Son 
Head    Bodies,    Removal   of 
Deadly    Battles       ..  ...20,21 

Dean's  Grange  Cemetery  61 

Decision  to  Arrest  Leaders.  154 
Decision  to  Start  Rebellion  154 
De  C'ourcy  Wheeler.  Major  19,  98 
Deeds'  and   Documents  lost 

in    the    Fires  ...    245-6 

Defence    of    Realm    Acl 

45-6-7,    152-5-9.    161-2-8,    172, 

187,   191-7-9,    200-2-5.    242 
Defenders      of       Beggar's 

Bush     Barracks  ..        252 

Defenders       of       Trinity 

College  ..  ..      251-2 

Degradation  of  Magistracy  191 
Degradation      of      Roger 

Casement 
Dempsey,   John        125.   134 
Department  of  Agriculture 
Department  of  Agriculture's 

Farm  at  Athenry 
Dependents      of      Soldiers 

lulled     in     Dublin— Re- 
lief   Fund 
Deportations 

6,    69,    86.    162-6.    175-7 
Despatches     of     Sir  John 

Maxwell 
Destroyer  at  Oalwav  39, 


192 
130-4 

194 
36 

,    207 

6.    7 

37 

46 


147 
140 
156 

176 


244 

203 


92-7 

175 

40 


Destroyer   at   Skerries 
Del  rovers    up    and    down 

the  Coast         ..  ..  185 

Destruction     of    Buildings 

Threatened  ..  47 

Destruction  of  Railways 

31-2.   *166.    175-6 
De    Valera.    Edward    TI.    B 

25.  48.  50.  64-7.  195,  263.  277 
Devlin  Josenh.  MP.  112.  242 
Dickinson.  Chas.  (I.A.V.T  0.) 

22,   100 
n:eVjn«nn    Sir  John  128-138 

Dick.    R.   and   J.  ..  36 

Dickson.    Thomas 

59.    102-t.    206-224.    263 
Dietrichsen,   Capt.   F.  C. 

52.  94-8 
Difficulties  of  Government  154 
Dierinm.    Dermot    ..  ..  37 

Dillon.   John.   M  P. 

62,    168,    161,    202.    239.    242 
Dillon,    Robert       ...  38.    263 

Dingle  ..  ..  ..        177 

Disloyalty 

152-6-9.    165-6.    199.    200-1 
FW»igiiished      Conduct 

Medals  ..  98 

Division     of    frvoops     in 

Dublin  42-4 


Division    59th        ..  ..       92-7 

Dobbin,  Sec.   Lt.  W.  P., 

103,    207-8-9-12,    222-3-4,    263 
Docherty's    Hotel  33,  38 

Dockeray,  C.  E.   ..      116-21,  263 
Doekrell     Sir    Maurice 

174,     251.     255,     263 
Doctors— Thanks   to  .  99 

Doeberitz  Camp     ..  ,-.«        13i 

Doherty.    Rev.    Pathei     ..        181 


10. 


Con., 


R.I.C. 


12,   49 

93 

26 

32-40 

240 


111 

112 
94 

HO 
30 


D'Olier  Street 
Dollymount 
Dolphin's  Bam 
Don  a  bate 
Donegal,   Co. 
Donnelly.       Head 

R.I.C. 
Donnelly,    Joseph 
Donnybrook 
Donovan,    Con.    P 
Dorset  Street 
Dougherty,    Sir    James 

183-4-5-8,    190,    263 
Douglas    Hotel  ..  38 

Down,    Co.       103,    182,    207-8-9- 

12,    222-3-4,   242,   263 
Downcs,    Sir   Joseph   33-4-5-7,  249 
Doyle,     Francis     ••  ...        138 

Doyie,     rte.     Jas,    R.I.R.  15 

Drilling    Prohibited  ..  47 

Drilling    of    Strikers  1^2-3-4 

Drilling  of  A'olnntecrs' 

155-8-9,    166-9,    174-7-9,    183, 

192,   204-5 
Drimmie.   D.   and  Son     ..  36 

Drogheda  ..  41,   190 

Dromiskey  ..  ..        112 

Drowning  of  Sinn   Feiners        -    7 
DrumcOndra  ..  ..         30 

Drnmconrath  ..  ...         99 

Dublin   and   South-Eastern 

Railway  ..      31,    42.   50 

Dublin      ami      Wicklow 

Manure  Works  ..  ..  30 

Dublin     Bread     Company 

10,     33-4-6.    49 
Dublin      Castle 

5,  8,  12-5-8.  49.  50,  92-3.  135, 
152-4-6,  161-3-8.  181-8,  195, 
204,    211.    217.    224. 

Dublin    Castle,    Burials    in 

G-irden  ..  ..         17 

Dublin    Castle   Rcr'   Cross 

Hospital  ..         16-18,  236 

Dublin  Castle,  V.A.D.'s 
Experiences  in  Red 
Cross     Hospital  ..     16-18 

Dublin        Committee       of 

Irishmen  ..  ..     160-1 

Dublin    Corporation 

6,    24,    182.    203 

Dublin    Crnnks        ..  ..         124 

Dublin     Distillers    Co.      ..  32 

Dublin    Fire  and    Property 

Losses'        Association   249-50 

Dublin   Metropolitan    Police 

6,  7,  9.  11-5.  47.  57-8  92-3-6- 
8-9.  155-8.  167-70.  182-4-6-7, 
195-7.    200-1-3-5,    255-6. 

Dublin  Metropolitan  Police 
Awarded  Certificates  and 
War     Loan    Stock  ..     255-6 

Dublin  Reconstruction  Act 

246-7-8 


23 
3» 


226 


Dublin's    TouQ-h    Streets 
Dublin  f'niled  Tramways  Co 
Did''in   University  Nursing 

Division 
Dublin    I'niversity  Officers' 

Training  Corps 

19.  20.  94,  100.  239.  40 
Dublin  University  V  AD.  238 
Dublin      Veterans'      Corps 

(T.A.VTC.)  ..    22,2.1 

TVnfTv.  Deorge  Ciavan     ..  128-149 
Duke.  II.  E..  K.C..  MP. 

69.    239.    263 
Dundalk  32,  60.  109-11 

Durulon    and    Co.  ..  37 


Motes  «<i  cfwn*  «|  intiex  (pa#«    XI VJ  efruild  toe  carefully   read. 


INDEX. 


279 


12,    33-4-5-7 
249 


Humdrum  Nursing  Division       226 
Diinlavin      ..  ..  ..  44 

Dunn    and   Co.       ..  ..  36 

Dunne,  Superintendent, 

D.M.P 168 

Dunsany,    Lord      ..  52-115 

Dunville.    Lieut.  R.       52,  109-12 
watch   Vessel   Disguised   ..  41 

Dynamite  14,   151,   169,    170 

E. 
Earl    Street  9 

Eason,    Charles 
Eason  and  Son 

10,   13,   33-5-6-7 
Easter   Manoeuvres  of    Irish. 

Volunteers 

7,  48,    154-6,   171.   193,   204 
Easter  Sunday        . .  ..  7 

Ecclesiastical    Authority    ..        152 
jpkford,    Maior     ..  ..        10S 

Edelstein,   Mr.        ..    216,   17,   19 
Eden  Quay..      8,  10,   12 
gdgeworth- Johnstone,  W'.l 

Col.,     Chief 

D.M.P.     100, 

194-5,   203-5, 


33,   37 
Lt.- 

Commissioner 
167-8-9,     170-3, 
255,   263 

36 

..  33,    37 

131 

150 

93 

94 

11,  36 

175-6 

195 


and  Co     10, 


Egan,   Denis  J. 

Euan,   John   J. 

Egan,    Wrn.,    Pte... 

Egypt 

Electric   Power  Station 

pfti   Park    .. 

livery,  J.  W 

Emigrants 

[Emmet    Hall 

England 

9.     11,    41-2-4-5,    93-5-7.    139, 
151-9,   172,   191,   212 
England   and    Wales,    Sub- 
scriptions      tj       Relief 
Fund  ..  ..        244 

^England's  Last  Ditch"..  6 

English  Cheoue     ..  ..        IHO 

English    Vacht       ..  .  190 

Ennis  ..  ..  ..  41 

Ennis,  Peter  (Scots  Guards)  21 

Enniseorthv 

39.  40,  42-4-5,  152,  178-9,  180 
'  Euiiiscorlh.y    Emily  " 

39,    40,    178-9 
P'demic.    Prevention  of..  46 

urope,  Allies  in   ..  ..  1 

Eastern    Station       ..  153,    277 

reninn     Telegraph  . .  37 

Ivents  Leading  up  to  the 
Outbreak  ..  ..      5-6-7 

!ve    of     Surrender— Mani- 
festo          50-1 

Exclusion     of    Six     Ulster 

Counties  ..  ..     24  0-4 

Execution  of  Casement  ..  149 
Execution  of   Rebels  ..       40-4 

ixecutive,   Irish 

42-6-7,    3  51-205,    239-244 
!"humation    at    Portobello 

Barracks  ..  ..        213 

Expanding    Bullets  ..  14.   10 

Explosives 

14.     47.     95,     152-9.     170-3-9, 
194-7,    202 

F. 
airview      ..  .  . .  30,   3* 

gyryhoiisp  Panes  29,112-14,  173 
false    Certificate    ..  ..        234 

ane,  Lieut. -Col..  52,94,98,264 
Hnshawe,  Lient.-Col.  ..  98 
'arce  at  Tr'als    ..  ..       188 

armers'       Property      and 

Apathy       156,364,170-6,183-2 
'arrelly,    Margaret  214-20-24 


enians 
'enit 

ermariagh    Co. 
'ermoy 
eras 

Eianna    Pail  * 
Meld   dims 
ig«is,   Darrel 


178.   191-2,   201 

135,   154 

242 

40-5,   64,    125-7 

..  6,   39,   45,   31 

51 

31,   50.   95 

186.   254 


Findlater,  Alex.,  and  Co.    ..  51 

Fingal  49 

Fingall,    Lord         ..           ..114-15 
Finglas        ..          .            ..  30 
Eire     Bombs     from     Ger- 
many        130)  5 

Firemen    Eired    at..        33-5-6,  97 
Firemen    Threatened  ..33,35 

Firemen    Volunteer  ..  35 

Fiie  Station— Central        ..  23 

Fires— The  Great 

10,   13,   33-4-5-6,   42 
Fireworks   in    Sackville   St.  10 

Fisheries   Department        ..23    24 
Fisher,    Lord    Admiral      ..        125 
Fitzgerald    and   Co.  .    33    57 

Fitzgerald,      Dist:ict      In- 
spector   R.I.C.    ..         6,127,256 
Fit/sieraid,    Martin  ..        249 

Fitzwilliam    Nursing    Divi- 
sion ..  ..  . .        225 

Fitzwilliam     Square     Ho's- 

Pltal         ••  ••  226,   231 

I'ltzuiiliam      Street      Hos- 

>jita'  230 

Has:  of  Republic       49,  130    277 
Flanders       .  ..  .        145 

Flavin,   M..  M.P.   ..  ..        126 

Fleet   Street  ..  .  20 

Fletcher's    (Miss)    Hospital       226 
Flood,  Co.Q.S.,  Robert 
ri    .         _  ,  116-21,   264 

[•lying   Column       ..  ..  44 

Foreign   Enemies   ..  ..46,154 

Foreign    Office        ..  ..        133 

Foreign    People    and     Go- 
vernment ..  ..  3 

Foreign   Power— Aid  of     '.*.        in 
Foresters'    Hall      ..  ..  7 

Forged    Document 

6,   170,   203-4,    214 
Four   Courls 

8,    26,    27,   42-4-9,   92-3-4-5 
France— Subscriptions       to 

Relief    Fund       ..  ..        244 

Franciscan    Monks  ..  95 

Fiancis   Street        ..  ..        195 

Free       Fand       to       Irish 

Volumeers  ..  ..        155 

Free    Hand    to    Sir    John 

Maxwell  ..  ..  45 

Freeman's  Journal 

10,   33,   38,   253 
French,  Field-Marsha!  Viscount 

42-4-5-6,   92-7,   160-2,   172 
Friend,  Major-General. 

43-6,   92-3-5-8.   158.  160-1-3- 

8,      170-1-2-3,      185-7,     199, 

202,  264 

Frith,    Con.    \V.,    D.M.P...  57 

Frongoch    Camp    ..  ..  69 

Funds—  Relief  ..  ..        244 

Funerals      ..  ..  ..  30 

G. 
Gaelic  Athletic  Association 

156,  168,  175 
Gaelic  League  7,  125,  156,  165 
Gaffikiii,  Capt.,   R.A.M.C 

122,  231 

Gallagher,    F 36 

Gallantry       of       Doctors. 

Nurses,    and    Civilians..  21 

Gallant   Stand    by   Cavalry  93 

Gallen,    John   J.    ..  ..        114 

Gallipoli      ..  ..  ..        3  46 

Gal  way  Co. 

31,    39.    42-4-5.    50,    95,    166, 
171-4-5-6,   212 
Gamble,    Seigt. -Major      ..  23 

Gardiner's    Place    ..  ..        231 

Gas    Works  ..  24,  50 

Catling  Gun  ..  ..  23 

Seiigr.ite 

14,  114,  154,  162.  173-9,  204 
Gc'Mori,    County   I.ispector 

R.I.C 3  80-1,    264 


TOO,      244, 


165 
212 


General     Obr.en'&tion3     of 

Simon    Commission        ..  215-16 
General  Post  Office.  Dublin 

8,  10,  11,  12,  33,  14,  16,  20, 
53-4-5-6,  41-2-4-9,  50-1,  92- 
3-4-5-6-7,  1Z3-6,  133,  152, 
163 

Genoa  ..  ,,  ..        134 

Geognegan,     Swgt.     J"as„. 
(i  R.A  M.C  ..       107 

"G.R.':    Volunteers 

9,  20-2,    58,    95, 
252 

Geinian    igent        .  150, 

Geruiaii-Amrnraii  ?  ar.ding 

Gci man    Assuianee 

44,   97,  152-3-8-9,  198,  203-5 

German    Attack    on    Yar- 
mouth     ..  .,.  ...  97 

German.    Auxiliary  ...    7,  41 

German    Bluejackets 

3  24,    134,    162 

German  Campaign  4-1,  190 

German  Cruelty    to    Irish- 
men          150 

German    General's    Speech        139 

German  Intrigue  ..  ..  62 

German   Money 

141,    161-6,    376,    187-8,    191 

Oc'-mar   I.'aTal   E.->sign  ^2,  130-4 

German     Navy  ..      1S5,     191 

Gci  man    Offer      to      Irish 

Prisoners  ..  ..        129 

German    Prisoners..  ..        212 

German   Sausage   ..  124,  132 

German  Submarines 

7,   41.  97,   129,  135,  154 
172,   203 

Germany,    Allies    in 

Gerrard,  Lieut.,   R.F.A. 

Gibbs,      Pie.      John      II., 
l.A.V.T.C 

"Ginger      Up      Nathan" 
(Viceroy's  Letter) 

Girl  Guides 

Girls  Armed  in  the  G.P.O. 


162, 

50 
23 

58 


162 
101 
15 


Oirls  Win  Military  Meda'sie,   21 
Gladstone,    Mr.      ..  ..        145 

Giaistcr,    Robert    .-  ..     122-3 

Glasgow      ..  ..         <?3-4,   165 

Glasnevin  ..  .-„  30 

Ghisnevin  Cemelerv 

9,    25,    30.     60-1,    224 
Glasnevin  Corps  (l.A.V.T.C.) 

22,   23 
Globe  Pared  Express,  The  38 

Godd?>rd.    Lieut.       Norris, 

R  N.R  .  ..        ]22 

Gcnne.    Miss    Aloud  ..         192 

Goodman,   Major   ..  ..        107 

("•'oodbodv     Marcus  ..         249 

Good.  T.  Morgan  ..  ..        101 

Goodi-.in,    Frank    .  ..       124 

Gordon,      Lt.-Coi. 


140 
42-4 
140 
134 
57 
175 
135 


Philip 

James      ..  ,.  134, 

iTorey  . .  . .  39, 

Gorman,   Marv        124,   132 
Gormanston.  Lord 
Gormley,  Con.  Jas.,  R.I.C. 

Cort 

Gosp^rt         

Gonlding,         Sir         Wm„ 

Bart.        ..  .32,   250,   264 

Government  of  Ireland 

42-6-7.    151-205.    239-244 
Government     Servants     in 

Sncct    Societies  ;.     186-7 

Hraflnn    Street        6.   19.   20.   2*9 
Grand    Canal  21-4-5,   32,   95 

Grand  Canal   Dispensary. 
Grand    Canal    Street 
G randy.    II 
Grand   Hni°l 
G rattan    Street 
Grave    Risk    to    the    S|;l' 
G>ay,  Co.   Inspector  Alex 

R  I/'  38     " 


21 
31 

36 

34,    36 

25 

154 

96.    112 


Notes  at  opening  of  index  (page    XIV.)  should  be   carefully   read. 


230 


INDEX. 


Gray,    Cons.    Wm„    R.I.C.        113 
Gray,  Win.   Francis         ..    122-3 
Great    Britain        ..  ..  11 

Great    Brirun    Street         ..  42 

Great   Brunswick   Street        19,   20 
Great    Nuil hern   Railway     32,  50 
Gre«tt        Southern         and 

Western    Railway     32,   45,   187 
Groat     Western      Railway 

or  Lnsrlaud        ..  ..  36 

Greenore      ..  ...  45,   190 

Green    Uniform      ill      Ger- 
many       ..  ..  ..         129 

Greer,    Dr.    ..  ..  ..         231 

Grenadier   Guards  ..       109 

Grey,   Sir   L'dward..  128.    138 

Greystones  Corps  l.A.V.T.C.     100 
Urffin,    Patrick      ..  ..        125 

UrilTilh,         Sergt.         Juhli, 

,  K.1.C 113 

Guinness'   Brewery 

32.   36,   50,  95,    116-121 
Guinness,    Major   ..  ..217,19 

Gun    Cotton  ..  ..  14 

Giin-Rimnin?  157,   183,  198 

Guns,   4.7  in.  ..  44,    179 

Guns,   16- pounders  ..        161 

Guns,    18-pounders  93-4-5-6-7 

H. 

Haekett,  rain,  Brig.  Geii. 

95-8.    2' 4 
Iladdingtari    road      9,    20,    22,    94 

Haddock,    \V.    J 37 

Hailstorm    of   Lies  ..        190 

Hamburg     ..  ...  ..        190 

Hamilten    Be!],    T.t.-C:il.    ..        108 
Hamilton,    Lone,    and    Co.   33-4-6 
Hammond,   Col.      ..  ..        114 

Hampton,    Leedoni,    and    Co. 

33,    36 
Hand     Grenades     ..  ..  21 

Hanua,    Henry,    K.C.  112-21 


Hanover 

Harborne,     Private     Thos. 
l.A.V.T.C 

Harbour    Court 

Harcourt    Road 

ilareourt   Street   7,    33-4-5-3 

Harcourt   Street    Station 

Mardinge,  Lord 

151,  205,  242 
Hardy,    Octavus     .. 
liarrel,  Commander   W.   V. 


182-3-4-5-6-7,  y,  198, 
liarrel.  Sir  David  164.  193, 
Harrington    Street  ..  2C 

Harris,  .Major  G.   A. 
22,    94-3,    100-1 
Harru-oii  and  Co.  .. 
Harrison.    S.   J. 
Harristown  ..  .', 

Hatty,     Thumbs     .. 
Haired    of    British   Connec 

lion 
Hangh,      Sergt.       Patrick 

p.M.r    .. 

Hayes,  Conyngham 

Robinson 
Hayes,    fiicliard    . 
Ilendfort,    Martinis 
Headquarters    lrisb 

mand        10,    45, 

211,    17 


58 

34 

211 

,    194 

3,    31 

264 
37 

264 
254 


51,     264 

36 
125 

40 
111 

155-9 


99,    256,    265 

and 

36 

66,    112,    277 

of     ..         ilSi 

Com- 

92-7,     170-2, 


lleadi|ii:ii  ters 

public 
Headquarters 

teers 
Headquarters 

For;e-j       .. 
Healy,     Dr. 
Heaiy,     James 
Healy,   James   J. 


Irish       Re- 

8,    48-9.    50-1, 
Irish    Volun- 


of       Home 


40 

23-29,   265 

250,    265 


Heaiy,    Sergt.     R.I.C 
Healy,    T.    M.,    K.C.    M.P. 

102-3,    127,    206- 


Hcard,    District    Inspector 

R.I.C  .  .  39 

Hearn      Serjeant      T.      J. 

R.I.C.     124.132,140,257,   265 
Heiga,  The   C  uiiboat 

10.    23-4-5,   94 
Heiiuolind  ..  ..         129 

Hely's.    Ltd.,    Record  of   the 

Rebellion  ..  ..         150 

Henry    a, id    James  ..  16 

Hehry,    Denis  S.,    K.C. 

205-224,    265 
Henry    Place  ..       1*,   33,   49 

Henry,  .Sergeant,    R.I.C...  15 

Henry  Street 

9,  10-2-3-4-6.  33-4-5-6 
Ileppell-Marr,  Mrs.  229-50,  265 
Herbert    1'ark         ..  ..  7 

I  {emulate  ..  ..  7 

Heroic    Civilians  15,    21,    94 

Heiision    .1.    J.  64-5,    265 

Hewett.  '  l.ance-Corp!.  H  98.  265 
Hibernian  Bank  10-2-3,  33-4-6 
Hibernian   Rifles  ..  7,  49 

llickev    and    Co.    ..  ..  35 

Hiekey,  Con.  .las.,    R.I.C.  57 

iC-h  f'nnrl  for  Belfast  ..  243 
High   School,   Harcourt   St 

225  6,    232 
Highway    Robbery  ..        112 

Higuett,    Mv^.   Dorothy      ..         229 
j  Hill,        County       Inspector 
II.   0.   II.,    R.I.C. 

177-8,    256,    265 
!  Hill,    Major  95,    8 

'  Hobson,  Buhner 

125,    165,    186,    198 
i  Hn-ltz   Rifles  ..  ..  14 

i  Holyhead        69.     133,     238,     277 

Home  Rule 
I  112,    126,    159.    140-6,    154 

6-7.    165,    180,    191,    240-4 


^llil!!li!l!l!ilillll!l!!il!!!lillllil!l!l!!ll!i;ilil!!lillii!|]]]li]]!^ 


Telegrams  : 
"  Rathborne,  Dublin.' 


F«toW;<eVi  *.r>.  nv 


Telep'ione  : 
Dublin   512. 


Candle  Manufacturers, 
Oil  and   Spermaceti  Ikfin^rs,   Bees   Y/as   Bleachers, 


IRISH 


E 


TRADE  MAR! 


f*%  —— 


A    SPZC.'ALITY. 

SANCTIONED    by    the    HIERARCHY 


Faclorv  : 

=    CASTLEKNOCK,  DUB'JN. 


Offic 


203   PARNELL  STREET 

^illtl!llllllllllilll!l!l!l!l!ll!lilS!!!i;iiW^ 


Jonouts      to      Ambulance 

Woikjrs  ..  ..22.9-30 

Mnours    i<i    Military    and 

Polic-i       ..  ..  ..       93-9 

loplvins  and   Hopkins 

8,  10,  15,  33,  34,  36 
■fridge,  Mr.  Justice  138-146 
iosl'ord,  l'rivaic         J., 

I.A.V.T.C.  ..       _  ..  58,265 

luspilals  ..    2o3-4-6-6-v8 

lostages  102-8.    207-224 

lou'l   Melropole 

10,   11.   15,  35,  55,  36,  49 
louse  of  Commons 

29,    41-2,      63-9.     158,     162, 
195-6,   259,    245-4.   277. 
[ouse  of   Lords  41,   202,    242 

louses  Occupied   by   Rebels  8 

louses    Set    on    fire        •-  10 

Httse-to-Ilouse    Search    ..  95 

lousing  of   Dublin  ..         lo4 

[ovvard,    L.   U.   Redmond   25,  £.50 
[owe,    T     A  ,    County    1»- 

spector,   R.I.C,      190-2-3-4,   23b 
[owtli        32,    152,     182-5-4-5-6-7, 

190,     8 
[owth    Nursing    Division  226 

[ovt.e   ami  Sun  33,  34,   36 

[ugh    Moore,   and    Alexan- 
ders,    Ltd.     ..  ..  33,   38 

[umber,    Ltd ^ 

lume,      Walter  250,    265 

lumphreys,    Travers  '28-149 

|angarians  ..         156,   194 

Enter.    'I'lios.       -•  62,  277 

lurlev.    Con.    John,    R.I.C.         57 

Dissars ?_6 

tussey,    Mioliael    ..  • .        1"2 

lylaud.        C.       Ilachette, 

CDS.    .     ■•     --    265 
Bland,  John,  and  Co.  ..    0/ 


I. 


150 


Hnstrnted    Records 
mpcrial   Hotel 

12     13    33,   36.   49 
nehieore  '■■      26.   95,   195 

Pa.      Saptnin       Bowen- 

Eolthurft    in        ...  ■•        107 

n,»ia,i      Pul*rriptipns      to 

Relief  Fund        ..  -•        244 

wlustrial    Revival  --        194 

formation      from      a 

Woman  ...         ■■        4^ 

ifoeent  Citron*  «lmt      ..  96 

one^t   on   Casement         -■         149 
[ctructioT*    to    Sir    John 

Maxwell  46 

ft-snffieienf      Attention      to 

Trel-nd   in    ra-'ian^nt...        199 
relrmd's    Subscriptions    to 

Relief    Fund       ..  ..         244 

fell- American        '  aidins        212 
i<;h     Association  of  Volnn- 

H»r       Training       Corps 

ffLR.'s)       9-    20,    22,    58,    95, 

100.    244.   252 

t«h    Automobile  Cb'b   3  00-1.225 

i«l,     Brigade    in     Berlin. 

(Terms    To        129.  1  30-1-2-9,  150 
i«>.     Rrigade     in     South 

Africa    "  •■  ••         If  5 

;=V,      r-n_,iic       R -cants        3  T  ' 
|»i  C-rli<=t  -.  ••  11 

t«b   P'vision        ...  ...        Ifil 

|,,     y,,-,n    Vodn""     fo.  36 

i  h  rifyv^nmen*  :   System 
of    Condemned  . .     19«-7 

|h    Guards  13"     1^6,    177 

i«h      Hrtuse     of      Lords 
Ren<-bo  ..  ..  1 Q 

Eft     Inrlrprvrlnil  ..     33.    253 

i„h    T  af>2-'""'e      ..  399 

r?»i    f.ifff    Record     of     the 

Rebellion 150 

f|    1  il.-nirv    Revival       ..  157 

Ish      Nation:*!       Aid    and 
EoHinteer       Dependents' 

Fund  ..  ..  244 


IXDEX. 

Irish    Nationalist    Party 

115      151-4-8,     165,     170-7, 
191-9.    201-4-5,   242 
Irish    Nurses'     Association        226 
Irish  Police  and  Constabu- 
lary Recognition  Fund 

244.  255-8 
Irish      Prejudice     against 

Punishment        ..  ...        199 

Irish    Regiments    Engaged      92-7 
Irish    Regiments— Thanks    to      99 
Irish    Republic      1,    2,    48-9,   50-1 
lrisii   Republican   Army 

19,  44-8-9,  50-1,  61 
Irish    Republican    Brother- 
hood       ..        1,  151,  165.   201 
Irish     Republican     Police        179 
Irish       Reserve      Infantry 

Brigade  ..  ..  93 

Irish    Rugby    Union    Football 

Corps    (V.T.C.)  ..     22,   23 

Irish  Times 

12,  13,  34,  37,  140,  253 
Irishtown  ..  ..  45 

Irish     Transport    Workers' 

Union  151.    16S,    174 

Irish      Trial,      Casement's 

Appeal  for  ..  ..        345 

Irish     Unionist    Alliance...        161 
Irish   Volunteers' 

1.     5,     6,     7,    8,   47-8-9,     50-1, 
114,    124-5..   145,    151-205 
Irish   Volunteers'   Oath      ..        125 
(risk    War    Sews    ..  . .       48-9 

Irish    Worker  ..  ..        181 

Irvine,    Geo.  ..  62,  277 

Island    Bridge        ..        29,  30,   33 
Italian   Rifles  ..  ..  22 

J. 
Jackdaw      ..  ..  ..        159 

Jackson's     (Mrs.)     Hospital        226 
Jacob's  Biscjit  Factory 

9.    26,    92-3-5,    103 
Jameson's.   William  ..  32 

James's  .street 

9,     26,     32,     50,     117-18 
Jeffares,    dipt        ...  ..  94 

■Jervis  Street  Hospital 

12,    35,    36,    234-5- 
-1™'.    A  ..  ..  ..         218 

Jobbery.  Open  and  Flagrant      1  pp 
John    Bnl!.    A    Blow   at      ..        200 
John   th-  Baptist  ..        205 

Dims.      Vrlinnis     ..  128-1  w 

Joze.   Thomas   M...  ..       266 

J  u  lie-: 

152-5-9.    162     188,    197,   202-5 
K. 
Kaiser,   CWrs   for  ..        193 

Kaiser,     Thf>         ..  219  20 

K  ipp  and   P<  fers-mi.  Ltd...  36 

Kearnev,    Head    Cons.    J., 

K-LC 124-5 

hunting's   Motor   M'or',- 1   ...  37 

"Keeper  of  the  Ring"     ..        ]?i 

,f"l's  33.3 

Kollv,    Al.lerpii'i    .T-->s     J        3     30 
12.     104.      207-8-9,      211-17-18- 
19,    221-2.    256 
Kelly,    Alderman  T 

6.    7,    170,    2--13 
T.-,.Pe      ("ant.     R.     r».  }  n7 

Kel'v,    Cant.    R.    r.  i?i     9^ 

K>]iv.   .1     T     rind   Ho.        ..     '   "37 
K--1U-.    Michael       ..  51 

I,-,..!,-      ir^-s         p,Q8,     215      »1\-0. 
!,-.  11.  •«     r. ,,-,,„,.  g     1Q     ]2 

Kelly's    'r  iliac  -n   c-mn 

104,    207-8     211-17-1."- 10 
U'enmare  .  ..        377 

T,-,.nn-i.-d.    C  I'inni  00  -r,      iif 

NVi'nenv     S-ttiH    If.  90     n*,r 

Kennv.     Mr.     Justice  ..  6,"    205 

Krnnv    Th'ima?  1  -«; 

Kent      David       440,     126-7.     266 


281 


40,   126-7,  265 


Kent,  Richard 
Kent,    Thomas 

40,    64-6,    126-7,    193,    266 
Rent,    William 

40,   64-6,  126-7.   265 
Ke0g.I1,    Dr.   Myles  ..  25 

heogh.    Nurse         ..  26,   266 

Kerry   Co. 

45,     50,    95,     123-6,    171,    7-8, 
T   n,        T-       ,  137-8,    ISC 

Keit  e,   Lieut.   T.   M.  213.   20 

U'.lk,    Mrs  213,    220-4,    267 

Kidney,   Rout.   ,J.  .  249    2Sa 

Kieruan,   Aetg.-SergrJ;.   P...     'no 
luernan.   Supt.,    D.M.P.    ..  23 

lvtibarry      ..  ..  114 

vildare  ..49    152    16Q 

Kii<l»re  Street    Club  i86 

\y.\^'.m{y  ■■      ..      179,  180 

ICiilarney  42,'  133"    17-1.7 

c_.      181-7-8  ' 

Kilmainliam        nt    0.6     77     2^4 
38,    113 

Kimlier,   Major 
Kimmage 


Kiirnoou 
Kilrea 

102-i2-7 

Kinahan,  Head  Const.,  R  I  G  '  11? 
Kinahan,  Rev.  M.  T.  '  '  '  1,, 
King    l-dvv-,rd  s    Horse       ••  i° 

King   Edward  VII. 
King  George  V. 
King  George  V  Hospital    'i 
Kingsbridge  Station 

8,    26,    32.    41,    92-3-4     iqs 
Kings  Coroner      .  '    ,„ 

King's  County      .  ~4~ 

King.  Second  Li.,  RIF"i4  o%% 
rvjng's  Medal  '..■'■  14'  Q286£ 
Kma's  Message  to  Soldiers 

and   Police. 
Kingstown 

8,     20,     45.     69.    92-3-4-S 

110.    l.^q    231-2 

Kingstown    Nursing  '.Di»i-    ' 


192 
3  92 
231 


99 


77 

226 

8 

22,    101 


Kuvstoun    Railway    Line 
Kingstown    Volunteers 
Kitchener-.   I.nrd 
r.   .    ,    ,    !t°-    160-'"  6,    171      9-73 
Knighthood  of  CAfv.ppnt    1 
''Knives   rin<l    Vn  its" 
Kun-vVs.    Mrs.    rtnpaimn 
Kuntsfr.rd     ..  ^qa    70.3 

KviToch's     Factory,'    Wex- 
ford 


U7 

23 

29 


r.j'.horfr    Fvchinge 
t'olv'-,     Rridge 
^ali'T     Cnn.     M.,    D.M  P 
r.anibay    Island 

i.anarkshire 


39.    05 

177 
190 

57,   97 
4r> 


s        ..12.    13.    R6     IO' 
Landing    of   Casement      ..  1 
f.ftnwtowne    lane     . 
r,an«downc,   1  0rd   ..  '  "A 

T  an«downe    run  1       s 
l.a inner,  J.  C.  R  ,  M 

°8     ?q     1 
r.a-k".      Constable       "Win., 

UarVfief'       .. 


3  52 


20.    23 


124-133 


Kent.    Krlmnnd 

1,   3,   4.    11.   44-9     5'1     f-  '-     I'-h 


3  52  5 


190, 


Notes  at  opening  of  index  (yage      XIV.)   slrouid   taa   caiefuby   read. 


'  -i-Vi-iite  :/!  "'■-in  it  v-  Colle."e  o-\ 
f.,-1  -'•  iri.  .in. mr, 

41,     1  5  1  -  *\ ,     1-71 
!  am.'   Gnn-T{:"».niivr 

r               n-      157-    1S3-    6-  I90-=i 

""•ie.    P-v'                       ._  7 

'  'i'v.     and     fhn     Ro^olHon  2«-^  i 

1  swless     rapt.    Cm  Ir>' 

T.:l'vln--cness       T'ncller'o-d  ..  301 

r.awreiiee,     Mr.     Justice      l-ir  -;.-, 
Lawrence,    William 

9,    13      -'      M       r^ 

rpahv       Poni*               IO9..12  277 

'  put  ham     Major   \V*.   8.    B.  Ri 

I.eepor,    I)-.             ..          ..  j^^ 


282 


Nursing 
out 


226 


245-8 

55 

20O 

94,    131 

3  7 

9 

47 

.  12,    36 

84-5 


46-7 
391 


Lecson        Tark 

Division 
Legislation      Arising 

of    Rebellion 
Leicestershire   Regt. 
Leinste1" 

Leinster    Rest.         5,   55 
Leinster    road,    Rathmif 
Lemon  and   Co. 
Letters — Conveyance    of    .. 
Lewers    and    Co.    .. 
Lewes 
Lewis,    District    Inspector, 

R.I.C.  ..  ..        127 

Liberty    Hall      7,   10,   23,   24,  25, 

41,     51,     93-4,     124,     162-3-8, 

170-2-3,    195,    204 
Licensed    Houses    .. 
Lieutenants    of    Counties. 
Life    Guards  ..  ••        nza 

Lili'ey   Junction      ..  ..  ^>1 

Lii'fey,  River 

23,    24,   25,    35,    38,    94 
Liffev    Street  ..  •■  33 

Limbers       ..  128-9,   3  31-2,   8 

Limerick        ..  ..41,  45,   171 

Lincoln    Re.gt.         ..  ■  S5 

Linenhall  Barracks, 

33,    34.   50, 
Linenhall    Street    .. 
Linton's    Stores 

Liston,    D.I 

Listowei       .  •  •      .    ■  ■ 

Literature   of    the    Rising 
Little— Editor       of       New 

Ireland  ■■  6 

Little's    publichouse 
Litton         Hall,         Leeson 

Park         ..  ••  ••     225-6 

Liverpool      ..  •■  ■■  158>  9 

Lloyd  George,  D.,  M.P., 

69,   240-2 


95 

29 

14 

126 

177 

250 

203-4 
8,    19 


Local  Government  Board 

Lock  wool,   Colonel,    M  P.. 

Lody— The    German    Spy..     . 

London 

L.  and   N.-W.  Rl.v.   Co. 

34,  37,  69    100. 
London  Bridge 
Londonderry  42,    190, 

Loop   Line    Bridge  ••  10 

Looters    Fire    Shops 


156 
69 

187 
190 

151 

25 

242 

24 

34 

Looting.      9,   10,   12,   15,   19,   26, 

34,    48,    95  7 
Lord   Lieutenant 

A2-4-6-7  100,  160-1-2-3- 
4-7  170-1-2,  '181-4-7-8, 
190  5-6,  202-3-4-5,  238, 
276 
Lord  Mayor   of  Cork 

Mavor   of    Dublin 
ol    the    Admiralty 

I    Jll'HrCS 


Lor-t 

Lord 

7  ord-, 

Lo>s   of    Title    Deeds 

Longhrea 

Louth    Countv  41-6, 

Love,   J.    IT.   C 


95 


.     1 93-4 

162.   4 

186 

47 

.     245-6 

176 

.    109-12 

249,  267 


Lowe.  Brigadier-General 

10.  43,  93-5.8,  172.  267 
Tower  Gardiner  street  ..  42 
Lowestoft—  German  Squad- 
ron at  ..  -■  ••  97 
loyally  of  Police  ..  156 
Lucas,'  Lieut.  52  116-121,  267 
Lumsdfii,  Dr.  -L>hn 

100.  225-6,   7,  9,  267 

Lnrgan    Green         ..           ..  Ill 
I  usl<                            ••      32.   40.   4  1 

1  v'lH'h.    Finiiin    ••          ••   62.  277 
Lynch,    Pal  rick.    K  C.      ..     126-7 

Mi 

M'\r<lle.    T.    r-^bin            ..  312 

M'Hiuuy    an  1    <  o..    Lid.  49 
M'Rride,   J  ihn    Mai  if 

'-,2  3  4.     165      182,  269 

MnOammnnd,  >ec    It    <  .    IL  52 


McCammond,   Lt.-Col. 

98,  2U6,  215-8-9,  221:  270 
McCarthy,  John  124,  132,  1^0 
M'Carthy,  Pte.  M.,  R.D.F.  117 
McClughan,  Capt.  J.  C.  ..  52 

M'<  ullagh,  C;  tain  J.  T.  52,269 
M'Bcrmott,    Jo, in 

1,      2,      49,      to,      174,      180-6, 

192  269 
McDermott,  Sgt.  i'..  R.I.C.   113 
MaeDonagh,  Thomas, 

1,  2,  4,  11,  44-8-9,  50,  62 

95,    179,    186,   C69. 
MacDonhell,     Lord  ..        185 

McDowell  Bros 36 

M' Howell,    John     ..  ..   13,  36 

M'Entec,  John  ..  109-12,  277 
M'Gce,       Cons.       Charles, 

R.I.C.  ..        57,109-12 

M  Grath  Alderman  John..  312 
MeGuinness',  Joseph  P.  268.  277 
McGnsty,     Miss     ....  40 

McTIale,    Cons.    R.,  R.T.C.  57 

M 'Henry.  Rev.  Father  ..  3  79 
Melnerney  and   Co.  ..  36 

M'lntyre,   Patrick, 

61,    102-8,     206-224,    270 
M'Kenna's    Fort    ..  ..        130 

McLean.   Mr.,    M.P.  ..  69 

M 'Mullen     Allen     ..  ..        121 

MNamara,  Captain  ..  116-21 
MacNcdlites  ..  ..        178 

MacNeill,  John, 

4b.,    5     6,    7.    67-8,    114,    125, 

151-4-6,      170-1-4-9,        185-7-8, 
192-8-9,    200-1-4,   270,   277  < 

McQuillan.   P.  J 114 

MacSweeney,  T.  3.  ..  193 
M'Turk,  Captain  James..  107 
Machine  Guns, 

9.    13,    14,    20,    23,    30,    41-9, 

130-5. 
Maeken,    Peader    ..  ..       26-7 

Mackenzie,    F.    A.  ..        250 

Mackenzie,    Robert  ..        267 

Macrcady,     General  ..        160 

Magazine   in    Phoenix   Park, 

12.  29.  30,  33,  92-3 
Magistracy  :  Degradation  of  191 
Magistrates  and  Jobbery  188 
Magistrates  of  no  Stand- 
ing or  Principle  ..  170 
Magistrates,  Price  of  ..  188 
Magistrates:     Remarkable 

Statement  ..  ..        193 

Maffistrates     Unfitted     for 

the    Position  188,  199,  205 

Mao-pie         159 

Mahaffy,  Provost  96.100,251 
Vjjhonv,     Lt.      I.  A.  M.  S.  14 

Malalnde 150 

Malflhide    Road     ..  ..        186 

MnMev,      II.,      Commander 

Rray    Corps     I.A.V.T.C.        100 
MnlMn,    James       ..  ..        395 

Mallin,     Michael     ..  ..64,267 

Mallow         133 

Manchester  Martyrs  ..  180 
Mander.  Surgeon  P.  R...  149 
Manfield   and    Son  10.    53-5-6 

Manifesto  by    P.    II.   Pearse, 

48-9,  50-1 
Manning.  Peter  Paul  ..  267 
Mansion    House    6-7.    162-4.    203, 

277. 
Maps  :  Showing  Casement's 

l.au  ling-place  . .        136 

Showing      Win  ro     Anns 

Ship    And    was   Sunk  137 

S  h  1)  w  i  11  g       Partition 

Scheme  ..        241 

Of    City,    facing    page    ..         14 
Mii\     1  i  Si al  ion  at,  Skerries  40 

Murkieticz,     Countess     Constance 

19.   44,  64.5     fjo     165-8,    170  8, 
2  77,    192  5,    267. 
M-irlboro'     Holel    ..  ..  33 

Marlborough     Street         10,  33  5  h 


Marne,    Battle    of..  ••  49 

Marrowbone    Lane  9,    26,    50 

Marshall,  Kenneth..  102-127 

Martial    Law       9,    41-2-6-7,    208, 

212-5,    221 
Martin,    Frank        ..    109-12,   277 
Martyu,    Edward  ..        194 

Massacres  :     Rumours    of  212 

Matar  Misericord  ue  Hospital  235 
Maunsel  and  Co    ..  ..  37 

Mauser   Rifles        ..  ..  14 

Maxwell,  General  Sir  John 

27,    28,    42-3-6-7,    62,    92-3-4- 

5-6-7-9,       100-1,       171.       211, 

242,   263 
Maxwell,  Sergt.  J.  A. 

103,    207-8,    216-7 
Maycourt    Nursing    Division    226 
Mayo  ..  ..  ..  45 

Meade's,    Miss,    Hospital  226 

Meagher.  Philip     •-  ..35.37 

Mears,  E.  Grim  wood  ..  205 
Meath  County  38,  39,  95.  13  2-3  5 
Meath    Hospital  ..     237-8 

Mecredy,  Percy,  and  Co., 


37,  15-0 
46 

47 
29 
14 


28, 


180, 


268 
26 


Ltd. 

Medical    Officer  of    Health 

Meetings  Banned 

Mcldon,    Dr. 

Melinite 

Mellowes,   William 

6,    152.    174-6-8 

Mendicity    Institute 

Mental    Condition    of  Case- 
ment 

Mercer's   Hospital         .     .. 

Merlin    Park 

Merrion    Square     .. 

Merrion    square    Hospital, 
225, 

Mesopotamia 

Methodist  Church 

Metzberg 

Mexico 

Microscope— Ireland     Lives 
Under 

Midland    and   Gt.    Western 

Railway  ..  ..  31,   50 

Midland    Railway   of   Eng- 


149-50 

235 

39 

50,   94 

230-1 

146 

34 

138 

192 

153 


37 


201-2,    2*S 
..       52  6 


and 


land     Office 
Midlcton,    Viscount 

.   160-1-2, 
Military   Casualties 
Military  Cross 
Military       Honours 

Awards 
Military    Manoeuvres 
Military    Ser^  re     RiM 
Millar.   Cons-  C,    R.I.C.  .." 
Mil'er.    II.  J..   Commander 
Rughy       Union       Corps 
I  A.V.TC. 

Minch,    M.    J 

Ministry    of    Munitions    .. 
Miscarriage  of  Justice 
Mission    to    Seamen 
Mitchell,     l)r     J.    A. 
Mil,  hell.   Goo.,  Ltd.. 
Mitrholsfown 
Mobile  Golumns 
Mogeely 

District    Inspector 
,    R  1.0     .. 
Lord   Justice 

100,  206-224.  268 
175 


44-5, 


Md'ony. 

II  R. 

Moiony, 


98 

98 
5 

3  51 
67 


3  00 
2-tq 
222 
152 

38 
249 

36 
192 
92-7 
190 

113 


240 
169 
106 
163 


Monalian.    Alfred 

Vnnaghan    Co. 

Monkslnwn  ..    21,  97 

M  ins.    Rattle   of    .. 

Mmteith    123-6-9.   130,   152, 

Montgomery.    Wm.  250.268 

Montreal     . .  . .  ..        113 

Moonev,   Mr.  J  ,   M.P.      ..  69 

MiK.liey's    I'ublich'iiises*  ..  33,   37 
Moore,    Colonel    Maurice 

155  8,  188,  268 
Moore,  Ho.  Michael  ..  139 
Moore   Street 

4.   10     11.   13    33     33.   Al 


Notes  at  opening  ot  index  (page    XIV.)   should   be   carelully   read. 


INDEX. 


283 


Moriarty,     Maurice  124,  133 

Moriany,   Michael  ..        177 

Morgan,  Lt.  S.  V. 

103   207-9,   210-1-4-5-7,   222 
Morgan,   Processor  J.   11.  128-149 


Morley,    Lord 

Morris,   E. 

Morris,  Lt.  M.  C.     103,  206 

Mortuary     in     College     oi' 

Surgeons 
tMoto'-   Car   Lost    in    River 

1. a  une 
Mount    Brown 
Mou.d   Jerome  Cemetery.. 
Mour.tjoy  Prison    .. 
Mountjoy     Square.. 
Mouiit.joy    Street    .. 
Mount   Lcinster      . . 
Mount  Street 
Moynihan,    M.    A. 
Moyode  Casild 
Moyvore 

Waggons 
Works    . 


191 

56 

268 

19 


Munition 

Munition 
Minister 
Minister 
Bank 
Murder 
Murphy, 
Mnrphy. 


and 


7 

26 

60-1 

93 

30 

124 

ISO 

20-1-5.    94 

..  28,   29 

39 

..     175-6 

12 

232 

193.    200 

Leinster 

..  33,  36 
9,  62,  180-1,  239 
219 
216 
263 
179 
220 


36, 


Capt 

Harold    L. 
urphy.  John 
Murphy,   Rev.  Father 
Murphy,     Station-Sergeant 
Murphy,   Wm.    Martin 

32,    190-1-2,    240, 
Mvers,  Lieutenant  ..33 

Myles,    Constable,    D.M.P. 

N. 
Nagle,  J.,   and   Co.  33,  35,  37 

Nassau  Street  ..  ..20,239 

Sathan,       Sir       Matthew, 
Under  Secretary, 

151-2-3-4-5-6-9,       160-1-8, 
170-2-3,       181-7,       195.6, 


268 

,   35 

25 


238, 


270 


201-2-3-4-5, 
National  Boy  Scouts 

165,  192,  195, 
National  Children's  Hospital 
S'ational   Council   of     Sein 

Fein         

National    Government 
Nationalist   Leaders 
'  Nationality"    Office 

E  ational  Maternity  Hospital 
ational     Reserve     Head- 
quarters 
ational   Schools    .. 
..ational  Volunteers 

7,      41,      151-6,      165-6-9, 
179,     180-3,     190-8,     202 
?aval   Casualties    ..  ..  56 

Cavan  ..  ..38,99,112-15 

<avy—  Recruiting  for        ..     181-2 
legation   of  Government..        204 


201 
233 

194 
1 

172 

7 

234 

37 
191 


Neilan,    Lieut.    G.    A.        52,    270 
Neil,    James    Crawford    ..        2/0 
Neil,    Pte.    John    ..  ..        139 

Nelson    Lane  ..  ..  33 

Nelson  Pillar  ..    9,11,15,34 

Nestor,  E.    ..  ..  ..  36 

Neuve   Chapelle      ..  ..        131 

Newcomen   Bridge  ..        195 

New     Ireland         ..  ..6,  203 

Newman,    Major    ..  ..  6 

New   Ross   ..  ..  ..  44 

Newspapers  ..  ..        253 

New    Vork 190 

New  York — Subscriptions  to 

Relief   Fund        ..  ..        244 

Nicholls,    George    ..  ..    174-6 

Nicholson,    Father.  ..        131 

Night      Marches     and 

Manoeuvres  162-9,  195.  200 
Nohielt  and  Co.  ..  9,  12,  36 
No  Coercion  for  Lister  ..  243 
Nolan,      Louisa,      Military 

Medallist  ..    21,  98,  270 

North  Co.  Dublin  ..  ..  50 

North   Co.    Dublin   Nursing 

Division  ..  ..        22S, 

North  Circular  Road 

8    9,30,31,45^4,  132,  195 
Northern    Hotel      ..  ..        122 

North  King  street  Fighting 

27-8-9,  95 
Northumberland    House    ..  23 

Northumberland  Road 

8.    20-1-2,    94 
North  Wall 

12,    30,    34,   41,    93-4-5 
Norway,   A.    II.      ..  171,   270 

Norway,    Mrs.    A.    II.      ..        250 
Norwegian    Flag  124,  130-4 

No  Shooting  Without  Trial  45 

Notts    and    Derby    Regt...  22,  53 
Vurses— Thanks   to  ..  99 

Nursing  Division,  St.  John 

Ambulance  ..  ..  225-33 

O. 
O'Brien.  Constable  James, 

D.M.P 57,   97 

O'Brien,    John     P.  ..        115 

O'Brien,    Pte.    Daniel  131.  9 

O'P.rienites  ..  ..        157 

O'Carro'l,  Richard..  ..        271 

O'Connell     Bridge  10-1-2,   35-6 

O'Connell.    Deputy   Tnspec- 

tor-General.     IMC.        168,202 
O'Connell,       District       In- 
spector Daniel    ..  ..        134 
O'Connell,    Fitzsimon    100,    232-3 

O'Connell,   J     J 178-9 

O'Connell,      Scrgt.      Wm., 

R.I.C 99,   271 

O'Connell,  Sir  Morgan 

181-7-8,  191,  271 
O'Connell    Stalue  ..  10 

O'Connor.   Cpl.    Michael        131,    9 


O'Conor,    Charles    H.       ..  271 

0;i)uiinell,   Thos.,    M.P.   ..  126 

O'lJoaovan  Rossa  ..           ..  177 

O'Duffy,     John,     L.D.S.  ..  271 

O'Dwyer,  J  as.,  and  Co..  36 
O'Dwyer,  Must  Rev.  Bishop 

of     Limerick     ..          ..  158 

O'Farrell,    F 36 

O'Hagan,  Dr.  Patrick  ..  Ill 
O'Hanrahan,    Henry    64-5,    271-7 

O'ilamahau,    Michael    62-3  271 

O'Keily,    J.    J.       ..           ..  271 

O'Keily,    John    T.            ..  271 

O'Keily,     Lieut.     E.         ..  180 

O'Leary,  Lt.  Michael,  V.C.  201 
O'Loughlin,  Rev.  F.  E. 

105,   201,  211-3-7,  222-3,   271 

O'Loughlin,  Thomas  ..  180 
O'Neill,   Lieut.   F. 


9,     52,    S4, 


271 

115 

272 

28 

181 

126 

98 

98 

12,5 

170 

92,-7 


O'Rahilly,  The 

13,   49,   67,   170,   198 

O'Reilly,     Dr.         .. 

O'Reilly,    John 

O'Rourke,    Mrs.    Mary    .. 

O'Sullivan,    P.,   M.P. 

O'Quigley,    Rev.    Father..  " 

Oates,    Lieut.    J.    S.    C 

Oates,    Lt.-Col.    W.    C.    .. 

oath    Irish    Volunteers    .. 

Officers'    Training    Schools 
(Sinn    Fein) 

Official      Despatches      and 
Slatemenls  ,.       41-7, 

Official    Lists    of    Casual- 
ties   5261 

Oldcastle     ..  ..  ..        212 

One  Bright  Spot    ..  .„        ina 

Opportunity  for  Settlement        239 

Oranmore    ..  ..39,  45,   175 

Order,   Bogus   Secret   Mili- 
tary       « 

Order    in    the    Country    .. 

Order    on    the    Dish'  Re- 
publican   Government  .. 

Orders   by   John    MacNeill 

to   Stop   Rising..  4b,  4.6-g 

Orders  to  Rebels   ..        48-9, '  50-1 

Ordnance  Department 

33,     152, 

Organisation     Objects     of 
Sinn   Fein 

Organisers   at   Woik 

152,    169,    170-4-5-6-7-9 
192-3-9,   201 

Ormond    Quay 

Orpen,   Charles  St.   G.      249 

Orpen.     Richard     .. 

Orthopedic  Hospital  Nurs- 
sing  Division 

Osborne,    John 

Outfit  of  Rebels    . 

Ova!   Rar     .. 

Owen-Lewis,  Major 


242j' 
51 


171 

194 

180,_ 

100 
271 
255 


226 
250,   271 
51 
..  33,   37 
A    F 
98,    173,    271 
Ownership    of    Ireland    ..  l 


Invite  attention  to  their  Choice  Selection  of  Goods 
in  all  Departments. 

to-Weap  Costumes  and  Bfiillinery  a  Speciality, 


284 


P. 


Packing  of  Petty   Sessions       191 
paddington  •■  -•        I28 

Pa«e  Green,  Sec.  Lt.  ..  127 
Parker,  Detective  In- 
spector ..  ..  ••  I-31-4: 
Park  Gate  ••  ••  94 
Parliament  House..  ..  200 
Parliament  Street  ••  15 
Paniell  Monumeui)  ..12,  15 
Parsons,  Dr.  .--.  ..  107 
Parsons,  General  ..  ..  H* 
Partridge,  W.  68,  177,  195,  272 
Passbook,  Plan  of  Cam- 
paign in  a  ..  179,  204 
Passes—  Military           and. 

Police      ..  •■•'■••       254 

Peace  Preservation  Act 

185,    196-7 
Pcacocke,      Dr.    100,    227-31-33, 

Pcaise    P    H. 

13    4.  4a.   8.   10.   42-4-8-9, 
50-1,  62,  95,   174-5-7-8,   198, 

Pearse.   Wm.  ••        62-3,  272 

"Peeler"     ■•  ■•  ••       200 

Pembroke   Hmbnlan.ee.       ..         25 
Pembroke       Red        Cross 

Workers  ••  ••    Z5„? 

Pembroke    Road  8,    20.    21 

Pembroke    Township  20-1-2-3 

Pension   of  Casement     128,  138-9 
Pentonville   Prison  •■        1*9 

Percy      J      C.         181-2.249,272 
Perfect  Pairv    Machine  Co.  37 

Perolze.  Marie       ■■...•       1,s 

'!      rwinnl      Powers    of      \  1CC- 

,  ■.>  ..  ..  ■■         164 

ti  '-'  oi  n]      Statements     <if 

,'mciit  •■    141-2,   143-6 

p,    .1      r0)1Kh  a.   30,   94,   195 

pi,  ijp^rwah    avenue        .-  30 

1         g5  -  2?  29    30,  33,  92-3,  134, 
'  '  195     2" 

1  ,,:  '  ■  -  ■■■■:■{    2.    3 

tnndcrs..  46 

-    Executed 

63-5-7 
t      ci,p.     v-Sl.  r»  Bin  2  ton  1 n5 

,.„.'.-  s        153 


i  -■.  ■ 

Y»;,  r-,.i,i     «!cr     It 

I    • 

i 

pisto  -    S  ' 

pliinkrtt,  (  onnt 

George 
Plnnkett,  John 
i  tt,    Joseph, 

1  1U',A  1,3.  49,  62.   273 

U   nn   hP.irennn      .  1 

3  National 

v„   .  f1'  179 

*ltack$8    ^ 
Pol'iee,   Medals   Awarded   to    9"  9 

Pnl  re  ■  ■  ..       ■•       205 

ports:  Viceroy 

J    „„i    Satisfied  ..          --    164-9 

p<,r.,-v    of    Irish  Govern- 

4  8,   196 


64. 
64, 


124 
20 

272 
272-7 
272-7 


205 
1^2 


Fori 


INDEX. 

I  rortobello    Barracks, 

8,   92,    102-8,   206-224 
I  Portobello   Bridge, 

8,    25-6.    206-7-8,    215,  224 
I  Portobello    Hospital  ..  22 

Poster  Issued  by  P.  Sheehy- 

Skeffi'ngton         ..  ..       224 

Post  Office,  General,  Dublin, 

8,  10,  11,  12,  13,  14,  16,  20. 
33-4-5-6,  41-2-4-9,  50-1,  92- 
3-4-5-6-7,  123-6,  133,  152, 
163 

Potter,    J.    F 249 

Powell,        Mr.       J.       B., 

K.C 149,  206 

Power,   T.    C.j   County    In- 
spector,  R.I.C.     179,   180,   272 
Power's    Distillery  ..  36 

Powers   of    Military    nnder 

Martial  Law  208,  212-5  221 
Poyni  rig's   Law      ..  ..        144 

Prayer    of    Capt.    Bowen- 

Colthurst  ..  106.  208 

Premises  Destroyed   in  the 

Great    Fires         ..  ..   36-7-3 

Presbyterian  Church  ..10,  37 
Pressure  of  Irish  Party..  204-5 
"  Pretence    of    the    Realm 

Act"        6 

Price.  Major  Ivor  H., 

98,      170-1-3,      129,      191-9, 
203,   273 
Priests, 

44,  133,  149,  152-8,  175-6-8-9, 
181-8 
Prime    Minister's    Meeting 

in  Dublin  ..  ..        199 

Prince  of  Wales    -.  ..        22-1 

Prince's    Stores       ..  ..  38 

Prince's     Street       ..       12,   33,   38 
Prisoners    Deported  _  ..     68-86 

Prisoners  of    War   in    Bel- 
gium        ..  ..  ..        135 

Prisoners  of   War   in    Ger- 
many 128,     138-9,     150  | 
Prisoners'  Plight  in  G  P.O.  14 
Prisoners    Released         87-91   277 
Prisoners        (Sinn        Fein) 

Visited    bv    Premier    ..        239 
Prisons    Board       ..  ..  8 

Pro-r-MJio/iral  ..  ..  32,   55 

Proclamations         (Govern- 
ment)        45-7 

Proclamations  ('Rebels-), 

'.   4-..   2  !-,    48-9,    5n-1 
r.,.,.'  ..<.v1i    ni-nr-'i..  ..        156 

Pr--   -■  mal  Committee. 

1  nb  nte'ers  ..  151,  165 

Provisional    nnvrnmonf, 

1  .    1,    4,    44-8-9,    50-1 

P '■  ■<   Oiiard      ..  ..       'i°n 

PnbMcatiohs  150.     250.    '"~ 

p.-  '«hTini  t'  of    Irish    War 

p.,,.,.  ,i|     Capt.,    Cifv    Fi!-p 

Pn-n  II.        Dr.       6'.        If., 

R.  V.M  0.             . .          ..  1 11 

Pnrspr,  C'Viifenint  P.  A.,  52,  27  s 

Purser,  Major  F.   ..          ..  108 

0. 

Quays,  South  and  North..  26 

Oilcan    Anne's    Gate          ..  161 

O.neen's  County  ..  ..  45 
Queen  stow  n 

42-5,   64,  95,   125,  134,  163, 
171-8.    194 
Queen    Victoria's    Portrait 

Destroyed           ..          ..  19 

Oriihell,    Cant     A.    17.      ..  98 

OnicW      -lames           112  15,  273 

Quigley,    Miss       ..          ..  115 

R. 

Ratlwnr    lines  Torn    Pp..  31 
.a 'i  ways, 

9.    30-1-2,    45,    116.    175-6-9 

Pamsav,    liei.f      Man        52,  273 

pMidib.  ii    rc 36 


Rathcross    ..  ..  ..        118 

Rathi'aniiiam  ..  . .     7,   lC\ 

Rathgar    Nursing   Division       226 

Bathgate 38 

Ratftmin.es 

170,  200-6-7,  214-9,  220-1-4 
Rathmines  Ambulance  ..  233 
Rathoneen  ..  ..       132 

Rf  loath       .-  ..  ..        115 

Payer,   Ca^t.   F.    ..  ..         98 

Reading,   Lord  Chief   Jus- 
tice of  England..  138-146 

Rearden,    J.    A t,06 

Rebellion     Victims'     Com- 
mittee     ..  ..  ..        249 

Rebels    Killed   in    Fighting  61 

Rebels'  Pass  Word  ..        11C 

Rebels'    Programme    in    a 

Pass    Book         ..  ..        175 

Rebels'  Red  Cross  Hospital  12 

R(  beis'    Sentences      62-3-4-5-6-7-g 
Rebuilding    of     Destroyed 

Areas    in    Dublin  ..        246 

Reconstruct  ion  of  Dublin 

213,  246-7-i 
Record  Office  (F_>ur  Court*)  21 
Ree.rui1  -    -, 

151-4.   160-6,   171-6-7,   180-1-2 
199.    201 
Recruiting  of  Sinn  Feincrs 

169,    176-7,    181-2-7.    20." 
Red   Cross   Nurses..  95-6-f 

Pad    Cross    Workers    100,    225-3." 
Redmond's    Hill    ..-         ..  6{ 

Redmond.    John,    M.P. 

69,  132,  151-2-7-8,  161-5-9 
185,  193-3-9,  200-1-2,  233 
242-4 

Engaged      in 


Ri  2rim 

Dub 

Reiilv, 

Ri  illy, 

Relei 


Re. 
Re- 


li  a 


92-* 

V.  ■-nard  R.T  C.       12 
Thus.,    R.I.C.  9' 

L.    and    Co...  36,  4! 
::'. erned  Men 

69.  87-9 

P  nal    Prisoners     27 

<t        ..         15 


:    •    men         ..  3 

tv    Rrigade         1 
lire     Brigade       92- 
for        the 

1S5-2C 

t    of    T-     -ri--  ..  S 

'  'it  i7en«  . .       46- 

■  •     vi  'ollegp       in 

. .  28.   9 

2 

■n.    ■'"'"'  116-21,    27 

i-'t    P'rraekgHI 
70.O"7     92,   102-127 
'    "PI 
'■!il 
P     R. 

Vmmnni 
M.AA'.T.C.) 


i 


:■ 


13 


'i 


Notes  at  op  en  big  of  Inaex  (page    XIV.)  should  fco  catetully  read. 


Ril    ■     ■: '  1  ..        24,   25, 

Rirgsend    Botf'e    Works..  2fc 

Ringsiend   Distillery  ,.  2¥ 

Road    to    the     Dork        ..        14 
Pohberv  T'nder  Arms       154,  20K 
on,    W.    P.  ..        24| 

Robinson,    T.eoiwld    John     131, 
Robinson,    Ret.    H.A.V.T.C.)        2 
m     Stir   Thomas    ..        24' 
Roe's   Distillery     ..  ..         2 

Rod      ,    John        ..  ..        1] 

Roserstnwn  Bridge  ..         3 

Roman  Catholic  Clergymen 
Roman       Catholic       Pro- 
Cathedral  ..         ..  32,  z 

Rome  ..  ..  ..        20 

Rooftops,   BeMs   On         ..        96- 
Ronney.    Patrick    ..  ..        24 

oucrh,    Major  ,T^s. 
104,     206-8,    210-1-5-8-9,    22.jK 
2  73,   182-3-4  9,   198,  273 


I 


I!.. 


■u\tii:x. 


285 


Boss.   Col.  Sir  jv^n 

182-b-4.    9,    198.   273 
Jtolherharn,  Capt.   A.  R...    116-7 
Rotunda      ..  ..  ..        194 

Rotunda   Hospital  ..        2,36 

Rourke.      Sergt.      T.      F. 

R.I.C 57 

iwe.   Head     Constable  Wns., 
R.I.C.  40,    57,    126-7.    lp3 

"Rowe.    M.    and    Co.  ..  35.   37 

Buy.;!    Amubluuee    Corp?..  96 

Royal  Army  Medical  Corps 

21,   2S 

Renal   Barracks     ..  ••  26.  92 

Rtr.  ,il      Citv      of      Dublin 

Hospital  20-1,    225,    235-4 

ltu.\;u    Collcjrc    of    Science 

Nursing     Division         ..         226 
ftoval  College  of  Surgeons 

8,    19,    50-1 
ftoval    Commission    of    In- 
quiry    into      Causes     of 
Bel  <f  11  io n — E v ide i ice  a ud 
Report     •-  ..  151-205 

Royal    Commission    of    In- 


II,- 


PortoUelio  Ran 

port    and    Evidence        206-224 
feoval    Courts    of    Justice, 

.ondon  ..  138-149 

Renal    Dublin    Fusiliers 

9,   14-6     30-1,   54,    92-3-4,    104, 

116.    121.    209.    212-6 
Jfcrval    Dublin    Society      ..  21 

Royal    Engineers    ..  ..  55 

Sftoval     Field     Artillery      ..  65 

Royal    Fusiliers      ..  ..         127 

R*iv:il    (1  i I ict i ii;in   Academy  53.   £>7 
Roval     Hospital       ..  ..  93-4-5 

Royal   IrinSskiilins   Fns.      55.   118 
Ruval    Irish    Constabulary 

7,  41-2-4-5-6.  96-8-9,   100,   134, 
154-5-8       162-4-5-6-7-8.     170-9. 
180-1-3-7.    190-2-5-4-5-6-8,  200- 
1-2-3-5.    255-8 
loval    Irish    Constabulary 
Awarded   Certificates  and 
War     Loan     Stock  255-7-S 

R.I.C.        Depot.        Pheenix 

Park        .  .    155.     186.    255  6-7-8 
n.val    Irish  Constabulary— 
His  harped  Men  A  war  led 
War    Loan    Stock  ..        256 

oy  'i    Irish  Consfabularv — 
Officers  Awarded  Certifi- 
cates        ..    *       ..  ..     255-6 

local    Irish  Cinstabu'ary — 
Wounded   Men    Awarded 
War    Lflftn    St.vk  ..        256 

oyal    Irish    Fusiliers 

22.    53.    103.    21  6-1  9 
V,vil    Tr'*b   t?n..-t.    15,   5  i     q?.-=-i 
loval   Irish   Rifles  5  C  92-3.   102- 

8      122-8-9,    20-    . 
{-oval    Marines       ..  ..  95 

loval   Munster    Fusiliers 

129.    177      220 
jjloyal    Naval    Reserve    21.  £ 
j  local   Victoria      Eye     and 

Far  Hospital      ..  ..        237 

I  tnsrby         t'nion        Corps 

,J     (I.A.V.T.C.)         ..  ..        100 

2(  tush  ..  ..  ..  32 

1  Uissell,  Dr.   Matthew      ..  28,  2y 
=sell    Hotel         ..  ..  34 

lussians      ..  ..  ..        140 

ussian  Officer      ..  ..  >     134 

i    -inn    Rifles       ..  ,.     130-4 

1J  tut  land  Square  7,  125,  169.  195 
'utlledcre.  County   Inspec- 
tor G.  B.  39,  98,  174-5-6,  274 

S. 
:.    Aldan's  ..  ..  39 

jj  t.  Albans  ..  ..  . .         92 

6  t.  Andrew's         Corps 

&     (I.A.V.T.C.)        ..  ..    22-23 

t.    Catherine's    Church    ..     118-9 
i  t.    Enda's    College  ..    7,   10 


St.   James's   Gate   Nursiug 

Division  ..         ..       226 

St.  John  Ambulance 

96-9,   100,   225-30 
St.    John's    Weil    ..  ..        180 

St.    Mary's   College,    Eatfl- 

niincs       ..      '    ..  170,  200 

Si.  Patrick's  Day 

5.    162,    170,    193,    200-3 
St.  Stephen's  Green 

4,    6,    8.    9,    11,    18,    19,    41-4, 

50,    95-4-5.    163-8 
St. Vincent   de  Paul  School. 

Glasnevin  ..  ..        131 

St.  \  inctnt's  Hospital  ..  235 
^ackville  Place  ..  33,  34,  36 
Sa  ■  .-    lie  Si  reel 

8,     9,     11-2-3-9,    20,    33-4;5-6, 

41-2-4,    92-3-4-5-6-7,    182-5 
Safety    oi    United    Kingdom        46 
Sallins,    Co.    Kildare        ..       138 
Sally     James    ..         109-12,  277 
S;  i   soi   -    tan-0  33 

Sa :. '.'■■'..  Mr.  Herbert,  M.P.  69 
S  imin  Is,    S.  ..  ..  36 

Saudi  ach,  Maj.-Geh.  A.  B. 

43-6-7,   101 
■  '  .      Inspector     J., 
I    I.I).  .  133  i 


Sa  .  ■•  iv .    Mr.    Justice 
■    Ihll 


69 


39 

..11,152 

=eriplions    to 

1       ..  .  244 

133,   181 

21 

221 

Dd   Co.        ..  34,  36 

20 

B.A.M.C...  97 

it      .  .  124 

.  .147-8-9 

.  Ikcr  33,  37 

ins:     ■•        ISO 


ry     Or 


-6,   126- 


170-5-6,     180- 

-~-S-S  201- 


Post 


Sheffield— Bayonets    from  152 

Sbeibonrne  Hotel  ..  18,  93,  164 
Shelbournc    Road  ..  22 

Slidppard,    Caot ?a    29 

Slendan,    Mrs.  E 33,  37 

Sheridan,  Sergt.  C..R.IC  111 
Sherlock,  JJr.  Lorcan  ..  249 
Sherwood  Foresters 

co    n      j  20-1-2-7,    53,    94-5 

Shetlands     ..  ion 

Ship    Hotel  ;.'  "  12    37 

Ship  Street  Barracks 

-L6,   26,  93,   133,  168,  173 
Shirkers       ..  17I5 

Shooting  in  Cold   Blood   V.  u% 

Shooting      in       Guiuness's 

Rrewcry  . .  ^^  „■. 

Shooting  of  Civilians  16*  29  96 
Snooting    of     Head     Con-      ' 

stable  Rowe        ..        40    12^7 
Shooting   of    Navy  man     in' 

Amiens    Street    ..  199, 

■Shooting  of  Police..  "    8    {% 

Shooting  of  Three  Men   Li 

Portobeilo  Barracks 
ci        ,  102-8,     206-224 

Shop-keeping  Class  ?£ 

Sierra    Leone  ..  ol% 

Simon.  Sir  John  A.  206-224  274 
Sinn  -Fein    Movement 

151-6-7-8-9.        160-9,         170  q 

180-9,    190-9,    200-5  9' 

Sinn    Fein  National  Council  7 

&ir  Patrick   Hun's   Hospital 

ci        •  21>   25,    234 

Skerries        ..  ..  /n    c- 

Skibbereea  .»-.  '.o? 

Slane  . .  <;o    ,'1,  .,-'3 

Mane  Castle  V*8'  ""S-lf 
Slaney   River  "  _„ 

sitao         ..-  ••       ^9 

Smith,  County  Court  Judere 

Paw  ..  ° 

Smith,    Henry,  Tld'  "  if 

Smith,    Mrs    CrauTurth    .'.*        2"? 

filth'    W    I    E"    -  12^ 

Smyth,     Distr":  ■'   T-'-       ■"    22°"9 

Harry,  R  1  1 
Smyth,  Franci 
Sniping 

9.     11-8.     21-2-7-8.     35-6,     42, 


■t    li 


112 
36 


95-6-7.     123.    21] 


I  '=1 


on    Dublin 

155, 


if 


'-hansKiier.    Sergt.  J., R.I.C.  38 
on    Rjver      ..  ..95, 

mty    Inspector 

R..     R.I.C         ..     178-9, 

v      p. 

Sir   F.  ..22, 

tan,  Mr.  Justice 

151-205, 
.. 
si    F!,v,    Do\  id.  M.P. 

212-13 
.-  Skeiiington,  Dr.  .).   B 
211     222 
ly-SkefSnsrton,  F.  ' 

£0.    102-8,   161,   202, 
224.  274 
Sb<  ehy-Ski  Kington,   Mrs. 
206,    212-5-5-7-9,    220  3-4, 


11 
242 


-2  1  i 
101 

168 
159 
,  57 
181 

256 
36 

10S 

274 
192 
212 
,    20 

274 

206- 


Do: 


ir.  f 


.Mi   African.  Subscription 


212 

6 

27 

-8,    274 


274 


South     ime,,™      <^r-   — 
t.-uns  .to    Relief    Fund..        344 
njiHIi    (  ircular    R<iad        ..    45   9, 
So«tn       Dublin       Nursing 

Division  ..  r,n6 

c""!!1  9ubI?n  J,11.'011  9.  26,50?93 
Son tli  Stafordshire  Regt.  53,54 
South    AVales         ..  'lq? 

Smereigai  Independent 

Spurn.      Subscriptions      to 

Belief    Fund      ..  oaa 

Spaldin?    P.   A.     ..         .'       U? 

Special     Act     of     Parlia- 
ment       ..  ..  246-7-S 

Snecial   Constables..  jq^  i75 

Specin!      Instructions      to     ' 
D.MP ...  ..  168,  170 

Special      Instructions      to 

B.l.C.       /.     _     .     183-4-7,   190 

Spellissey,    Denis   A.        ..       x'7j 

Spi  ■-  -      Iluntiiis      in     Co. 

Kerry      ..  ..  ..        >77 

"  Spotter  .  .       216-9,   220 

Stack.    Austin,    123-6,    X5S     154, 
178,   277  ^ 


Notes  at  opening  of  indtx  (page     JtiV.)   should   Litt  oarelupy   read. 


& 


2C6 


INDEX. 


Stafford        ,..  71-2-3-8-9,   80-1 

Stafford,  Brigadier-General 

95-8,   163 
Staffordshire    Regis  40,  94-5 

Stamps   of    Rebels..  ..        217 

Stanton,   Colonel    ..  ..        223 

Stapleton,    George  ..        249 

Starkie,    Wm.,    R.M.         ..        193 
Statements  bv  Roger  Case- 
ment      ..  141-2,   143-6 
Statute      thaf      vas      not 

Enforce!  ..  155 

Steevens'    (D..)    Hospital  6,  2^5 

Steevcns'    Lane      ..  .  26 

Stephens,    James  ••       250 

Stephenson,  Act.-Sgt.  J., 

R.l.C.  ..  ..        H3 

Slillorgan     Road    ..  •  •  94 

Stodart,  Holden  61,  225-7,  274 
biop  Pr&ss  iidition,  Rebels  4-b-9 
Strength     of     Sinn      Fein 

Volunteers  ..  ..        151 

Strikes  in  Dublin 

151-8,      174,      182-3-4-5-6-7, 
191-7-8 
Stuart,         Head-Constable, 

R.l.C 6 

Submaiine— From  Germany 

to    Ireland       7,    41,    97,    129, 
135,   153,    -62,   172,   203 
Sullivan  Bros  ..  ••  37 

Sullivan,  Seijt.,  K.C.  138-149 
Surrender  of  Rebels 

4,  10,  11,  44,  95 
Surrey    House,    Rathmines  7 

Suvla  Cay   .  ••  ••  5 

Swords  ..  ••  40,41-44 

System    of    Irish    Govcrn- 
"ment  Condemned  ..    196-7 

T. 


32, 


119,   150 


Taaffe,  II.   .. 
Tailyour,     H 

Tallon,   J 

Tapping  of  Telephone 
Tara    street 
Tate,    Major   R.    \ V . 
Taylor,    Capt. 
Tavlor,    J.   .T. 
Taylor,  Lt.-Col    I 


35 

Vv\    Renny        121 

37 

94 

10.    23,    34 

251,    100 

40 

249,    275 

28-29 


190 

11 

8,    93-5 

30,    92-3-4 

221 

2~2 

..  97 

179 

243-1 

99 

161   202 

.     237-8 


Tea,    Larkin    not    invited 

Telegraph    Wires   Cut 

Telephone    Exchan 

Templemore 

Tennant,    Mr. 

Terenure    V.A.D.    .. 

Territorials 

Terrorisms:    «t    Enniscorthj 

Text   of     Partition    Scheme 

Thanks  to   Crown    Forces.. 

Then  t  re    Royal 

flic    Ce.n In r n  -.- 

The  Coombe   TTnsnital 

Thefts       of       Rifle*       bum 

Ammunition  151,   ?69.   202 

The.      Lrorlr.r 

Thorn.  Alex,  and  Co. 

Thomas   street       ... 
Thompson,    Lce.-Cpl. 

i:  D.F 

Tick  nock 

Tilley,  J.   A.  C    ., 

Tipperary    .. 

Title  Deeds  T/>st   .. 

Tivoli   Theatre 

Toleratinn    of    Drilling 

Toler,    Lieut.    Evelyn 

Tonlev.     Lieut,  207-9  1017 

Torpedo    I!'  ■>'     ncstroyei  -        I  is 

Tower  of  lonrlnti    ..       128,    131-3 

Trade*    Oo il     Flail        ..  7 

Train   Wrecked      •■         ..         31 
Traleo 

7,      41  'l.      123  6  9,      130 
140.   L54,   i  n 
Triuiears    I' ed    in    Strp>tp      32 


Tramways, 

5,     6,     10,     11,        2,     25 

_  47,   182,   190. 

Transformation    in    Ireland      156 

Travers,    inspector,    D.M.P.   28-29 

Treacherous  Assailahk     ..  27 

peacliery    ..  ..• 

Ti  :ason  Cfiarge 

128,    139,    142-4-7-8 

Treatment  of  Irish  Pri- 
soners  in   Germany      ..    131-2 

Trenches    in   St.    Stephen's 

Green       ..  ..  ..  18 

Trials   of    Rebels    ..  45,   62-8 

Tribute     to     Doctors     and 

Nurses     ..  ..  ..  99 

Tribute    to    Police  ..  99 

Trinity   College 

6,    10-3-9,    20-3-4,    41,    93-4-5, 
10O;   200,   251-2 

Trinity  College  Botanic 
Gardens   ..  ...  ..  20 

Trinity  College  Officers' 
Training  Corps  Com- 
memoration    Fund        ..        244 

Troops     Accommodated    in 

Trinity     ..  ..  ..  20 

Truce  28,    29,    44,     130-4 

Trueform    Shoe    Shop       ..   34   36 

Tuam  ..  ..  ..        174 

Tucker,  Francis,  and  Co...  37 

Tullarr.ore     ..  ..  . .  5,   127 

Tunnel   Blasted  "from  G.P.O.     14 
Turks,    Help    for    ..  ..        140 

Tyler,   J.,  and  Sons,   Ltd., 

13,     35-6-7 
Tyrone         ..  ..  ..        201 

Tyrone,     Co.  ..  ..        242 

U. 

Ulster   Battalion    ..  ..  94 

Ulster   Irish   Nationalists..        2"2 
Ulster   Province 

42-5.  95.   112,  140-2,  157,160, 
198,    243 
Lister    Rebellion    ..  ..        157 

Lister    Unionst  Council    ..240-2-4 
Ulster   Volunteers 

112-14,    126,   145.   152-6,    165- 
6,    190 
Unarmed     Persons     Killed 

bv   Rebels  . .  . .  97  . 

Unemployment  Through  Fire 

— Relief     Fund  ..         244  | 

Uniform   of   Irish   Brigade 

129  I 
10.  37  I 
191  I 
177  I 
191   1 


r 


Germany 
1    Chanel 


I5fi 


Union    .liek    Unmcd 

Fnil  d    Kimrdom 

r,,iu..]  Service  Hub 

Pn'versifv    On^tio" 

C"f-ie     Wounl     of  Events  ".1  1-12 

Usher's    Quay  .  . .  33,   38 

V. 

V.A  TVS      ..  ..     100    225-33 

V.  VI>  's      l'vn-ri   ores      in 

Dublin  Castle  Hospital  16-7-8 
Vnlentia  ..  ..        178 

Valuation       of       Premises 

Burned  ..  ..         36 

Vane.   Sir   Francis 

L06  -:.    214-8-9,    221-2,    2,75 
Velvet    Glow    Methods    ..  27,  28 
Verdicts'   Against    1  viden<  e       152 
icei  ",.:il    Lodge 

42-4.    93.    151,    169,    170-3 
'.  irero.v 

42-4-6  7,      1O0,       160-1-2-3-4-7. 

170-1-2;       1814-7-8,       190-5  6, 
"     202-3-4-5.   238.   276. 
Viceroy's    Powers  ..       164 

Victims        of         Rebellion, 

Awards  to  ..  ...  249 
Victoria  Bridge  ..  ..  25 
"  Victoi  v    the     Hour    Of  "  49 


A  megar  Hill  ..  40    179 

Visits  of   Mr.   Birrell  to 

Ireland   •  ..  ..        159 

Volunteer    Training    Corps 

(G.R.'s)    9,    20-2,    56,    96,   lOOl 

244,    252 

W. 

W'aghorn,    Signalman    125,-34-401 
Waithmore,       Capt.      and 

Wakefield  ..         75-6-7     si 

Waldron     Rt.   Hon.   L.   A.     "    33 
\»a!sn,     „.,     Commandant 

Walsh,    J.   J.  ..        62     275  71 

Wandsworth       79-80-1-2-3-5    13d 
War   Office 

46,   92-7.   135,  153.  160-1,  172| 

129 

275 

..     t  15l 

45 

21.   97,    2733 

179 

.29 

26,  119 


War  Office' in   Berlin 

Warmington,  Capt.  A.  E."52 

Washington 

Waterford 

Waters.   Richard 

Waterville 

Watford 

Watiing   Street      .'.' 

Watters,    Very   Rev.    Felix 

Joseph 
Waverley   Hotel     '.'. 

\\avir's  of 'Attacking  Trooria 

Wcafer,   Thomas    . 

v'Pi,h'   nY    ETIa     225-   7'.' 9 
Webb,  Edward,  Glasnevin 


275 

a  6 

94 

275 
276 


Corp.    (l.V.T.C.)    . 
Weekly  Irish  Times 

Record 
Weldon.  Sir   A     \ 
Hells  and  Molohan 
Wells.    Warre   B. 
Westland    Row    Station 
w  8.   19,  20,  31 

Westmoreland    Street 

Wcstport  15'  19'  2°'  55'  49 
Wexford     6,    39     40-4-5' 

Wharf    Bond     13*'.   178* 
Whelan     Cons     P 
Whifebov    Acts 
White,   Edward 
White    Flag  I! 

V'iiit-efrinr  Street 
White.    Patrick    M  P 
Whitworth    Road    ..  ' 
WVklow  ..  31 

W  i'lielnishnven       129 


22,    100) 

253 
98 
38 

250! 

50,  277 


R.l.C 


Move" 


239 

183 

50-95, 

201-4 

30.  32 

39,  5% 

197 

101 

•-    21,  49 

26 

115 

30.  19| 

44-5,    59 

138.     14$ 


34 

I  50 


130,5 


Wilson.    Hartnell    and   Co 
R-cnrd    of     Rebellion 

V  1  sr,n.      I..      Commander 
Veterans' Corps,  I.A.V.T.C 

'■  1  son    Finer 

V  ils  in    Second   Lieut.    L 
"  lib  mis.     Florence,     Mill- 

.f-ary     Medallist         lQ.    98.    271 

W  imhorne.   Ladv   ..  1(-J 

V.  imborne,    L<)rd  1Cf 

42-4-6-7,      100,      l6O-l-2-3-4.il 

170-1-2,       181-4-7-8,       190-5-2 

202-3-4-5.   238,    276  1 

Windsor  Castle 

99.     104,    208,    216,    27T 


I  in   1  anley,    .las. 
Wireless    Irish    School    12 
Wireless,   Naval     .. 
Woking 

Women   in   Mate   Attire   ' 
Women     Prisoners 
\\  OOdtOwn     Park     .  . 
Working  Classes,  ITonslna 
Worst  Elements  of  I  he  City 
Worswick,   Lieutenant 

56    116-21 
Wyntt.  Pie.  Henry  Joseph 
Wylie.  Second  Lieut    W   K 
Wvmes,  Sergt.   VV.    R  I  C     109-t 
Wynn'a    Mold       12     33     34 


35,  31 

36. 
92, 

8 
14.  1 
.    45, 
4.   6, 
1 


'.76 


Notes  at  oyenin^  of  iruinx  t^a^-    XIV.)   sliuuld   ha   carefully   read. 


PETERSON!  PATENT 
PIPE 

SOLD  BY  ALL  LEADIHG  TOBACCONISTS. 

KAPP   &   PETERSON,   LTD. 

FACTORY— 113  STEPHEN'S  GREEN,  DUBLIN. 


THE  CAPTURE  OF    '  KELLY'S  FORT." 

Kelly's,  the  well-known  Dublin  landmark  at  the  Corner  of 
Sackville  Street  and  Bachelor's  Walk,  one  of  the  most  shot 
at  and  fully  punctured  premises  in  Dublin,  was  in  our 
possession  practically  before  the  smoke  ceased  over  the  ashes 
of  our  fine  shop  under  the  Metropole  Hotel.  This  was  one 
of  the  most  sensational  business  captures  arising  out  of  the 
Rebellion. 


The    Weekly    Irish    Times 

gives    outlines    of    Irish    and    general    ne.ws 

It  is    the    paper   for    your   friends    residing 
anywhere    out    of    Ireland. 

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