Sir Gawayne and the Green knight; an alliterative romance-poem, (ab. 1320-30 A. D.)

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AN- ALLiTEEATIVE EOMANCE-POEM,

(AB. 1330-30 A.D.)
BY THE ArTHOE OF

EAELY ENGLISH ALLITERATIVE POEMS.

RB^EDITED from COTTON. MS. NERO, A, x., ix the HRITISB MUSEUM,

HIGH ART) MORRIS,

KOI7t>R OF HASPOLK^S ''PJtlCKK OF tOH BCIEi" CE, ' ^ ' * EABLT E^IAM^U ALLTTKRj^lIVF FOKJI V^ JTi:. J
"MT^l^I^ER OF THE COrNCIL OF THE PHILOLOGICAL &OCJETT.

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1. "EAELY ENGLISH POEMS AND LIVES OF

SAINTS/' (with those of the Wicked Birds Pilate
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Hcl»rew (JDdcBO-Ge^man^

Hebrew fciwrent hand),

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an^

AN ALLITEEATIVE EOMANCE-POEM,

(ab. 1320-30 A.D.)

BY THE AXJTHOE OP

EAKLY ENGLISH. ALLITERATIVE POEMS.

EE-EDITED from COTTON.. MS. NERO, A. x., in the BRITISH MUSEUM,

BY ^^,^ -'•^•^.^

^ HIGH A RD (morris,

XDITO& OF HAKPOLB'S ''PBICKE OF CONSCIENCE/* **^EA&LT ENOUSH ALXSTEBAnVE FOBKS," ETC.;
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PUBLISHED FOR THE EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY,
BY TEXJBNER & CO., 60, PATEENOSTEE EOW.

MBCCCLXIV;

qM

^\%

si-

4

HEttTFORD :
Printed by Stbphbn Austik.

1 ^351)0

PEEFACE.

In re-editing the present romance-poem I have been sayed
all labour of transcription by using the very accurate text
contained in Sir F. Madden's " Syr Qtiwayne."

I have not only read his copy with the manuscript, but also
the proof-sheets as they came to hand, hoping by this means
to give the reader a text free from any errors of transcription.

The present edition differs from that of the earlier one in
having the contractions of the manuscript expanded and side-
notes ad4ed to the text to enable the reader to follow with some
degree of ease the author's pleasant narrative of Sir Gawayne's
adventures.

The Glossary is taken from Sir F. Madden's "Syr Gawayne/'^
to which, for the better interpretation of the text, I have
made several additions, and have, moreover, glossed nearly all
the words previously left unexplained.

For a description of the Manuscript, and particulars relating
to the authorship and dialect of the present work, the reader
is referred to the preface to Early English Alliterative Poems.

R. M.

Loin>cK,
December 22, 1864.

^ Sir F. Madden has most generously placed at the disposal of the Early English
Text Society any of his works which it may determine to re-edit.

/

CORRECTIONS.

Page 60f 1. 1583, dele the comma after Ifue^.
Page 63, 1. 1991, for soundly read soundylp.
Page 78, L 2461, for sfomen (sic MS.) read gome.

Page 109, col. 2, 1. 44 (Glossary) ; dele the interpretation of Piw^and sub-
stitute the following : —

"PeBe^Bpease (pisum) ; quite pease^s^ white pease.'
** Set shallow brooks to surging seas,
An Orient pearl to & white peate,**
(Puttenham, quoted by Trench— J!ttW*«^» Past and Present^ p. 162.)

INTRODUCTION.^

No Elnight of tEe Round Table has been so Highly honoured
by the did Romance writers as Sir Gawayne the son of Loth,
and nephew to the renowned Arthur. They delighted to
describe him. as Gawayne the good, a man matchless on mould,
the most gracious that under God lived, the hardiest of haid,
the most fortunate in arms, and the most polite in hall, whose
knowledge, knighthood, kindly works, doings, doughtiness,
and deeds of arms were known in all lands.

When Arthur beheld the dead body of his kinsman lying on
the ground bathed in blood, he is said to have exclaimed,
"O righteous God, this blood were worthy to be preserved and
enshrined in gold ! " Our author, too, loves to speak of his
hero in similar terms of praise, calling him the knight feultless
in his five wits,, void of every oflfence, and adorned with every
earthly virtue He represents him as one whose trust was in
the five woimds,. and in whom the five virtues which distiur
guished the true knight were more firmly established than in
any other on earth.

The author of the present story, who, as we Imow from his
religious poems, had an utter horror of moral impurity, could
have chosen no better subject for a romance in which amuse-
ment and moral instruction were to be combined. In the
following tale he shows how the true knight, though tempted

*^

/

VIU INTRODUCnOK.

sorely not once alone^ but twice, nay thrice, breaks not hia
Yow of chastity, but turns aside the tempter's shafts with the
shield of purity and arm of faith, and so passes scatheless
through the perilous defile of trial and opportunity seeming
safe.

But while our author has bo|yowed many of the details of his
story from the " Roman de Perceval" by Chrestien de Troyes,
he has made the narrative more attractive by the iutroduction
of several origioal and highly interesting passages which throw
light on the manners and amusements of our ancestors.

The following elaborate descriptions are well deserving of
especial notice: —

I. The mode of completely arming a knight (p. 18).

n. The himting and breaking the deer (pp. 36-42).

m. The hunting and imlacing the wild boar (pp. 46-50).

IV. A fox hunt (pp. 54-61).

The following is an outline of the story of Qawayne's adven-
tures, more or less ia the words of the writer himself : —

Arthur, the greatest of Britain's kings, holds the Christmas festival
at Camelot, surrounded by the celebrated knights of the Bound Table,
noble lords, the most renowned under heaven, and ladies the loveliest
that ever had life (p. 2). This noble company celebrate the New Year by
a religious service, by the bestowal of gifts, and the most joyous mirth.
Lords and ladies take their seats at the table — Queen Guencver, the
grey-eyed, gaily dressed, sits at the dais, the high table, or table of
state, where too sat Gawayne and Ywain together with other worthies
of ihe Bound Table (p. 3). Arthur, in mood as joyful as a child, his
blood young and his brain wild, declares that he will not eat nor sit
long at the table until some adventurous thing, some uncouth tale,
some great marvel, or some encoimter of arms has occurred to mark
the return of the New Tear (p. 4).

The first course was announced with cracking of trumpets, with the
noise of nakers and noble pipes.

" Each two had dishes twelve,
Good beer and bright wine both."

Scarcely was the first course served when another noise than that of
music was heard. There rushes in at the hall-door a knight of gigantic
stature — the greatest on earth — ^in measure high. He was clothed

INTRODUCTION. IX

entirely in gieen, and rode npon a green foal (p. 5). Fair wavj hair
fell abont the shoulders of the Green Knight, and a great beard like a^
bush hnng npon his breast (p. 6).

The knight oarried no helmet, shield, or spear, but in one handi
a holly bough, and in the other an &te '' huge and unmeet," the edge^
of which was as keen as a sharp razor (p. 7). Thus arrayed, the Greene
Knight enters the hall without saluting any one. The first word that
he uttered was, '<Whe^ is the govemour of this gang, gladly would S
see him and with himself speak reason." To the knights he cast his
eye, looking for the most renowned. Much did the noble assembly
marvel to see a man and a horse of such a hue, green as the grass.
Even greener they seemed than green enamel on bright gold. Many
marvels had they seen, but none such as this. They were afraid to
answer, but sat stone still in a dead silence, as if overpowered^by ^eep.

"Not all from fear, but some for courtesy" (p. 8).

Then Ajrthur before the high dais salutes the Green Knight, bids him
welcome, and entreats him to stay awhile at his Court.. The knight
sayt that his errand is not to abide in any dwelling, but to seek the
most valiant of the heroes of the Bound Table that he may put his
courage to the proof, and thus satisfy himself as to the fame of Arthur's
court. "I come," he says, ''in peace, as ye may see by this branch that
I bear here. Had I come with hostile intentions, I should not haire
lefb my hauberk, helmet, shield, sharp spear, and other weapons behind
me. But because I desire no war, ' my weeds are softer.' If thou be
so bold aa all men say, thou wilt grant me the request I am about to
make." **Sir courteous knight," replies Arthur, "if thou cravett
battle wilyy here failest thou not to fight." '*l^'ay," says the Green
Knight, ''I seek no fighting. Here about on this bench are only beard*
less children* Were I arrayed in arms, on a high steed,, no man here
would be a match for me (p. 9). But it is now Christmas time, and this
is the New YeaTy and I see around me many brave ones ; — ^if any be so
bold in his blood that dare strike & stroke for another, I shall give him
this rich axe to do with it y^i&t&Yer he pleases. I shall abide the first
blow just as I sit, and will stand him a stroke,, stiff on. this floor,^ pro-
vided that I deal him imother in return..

^And yet giTe I bim reroite^
A twelyemonth and a a&j ;
Now haste and let see tite (soon)
Dare any here-in ought My.' "

If he astounded them at first, much more so did he after this G^)eech,
ttid fear held them all silent. The knight, righting himself in his
saddle, rolls fiercely his red eyes about, b^ids his bristly green brows,
and strokes his beard awaiting a reply. But finding none that would
carp with him, he exclaims, '* What ! is this Arthur's house, the feime
of which has spread through so many realms ? Forsooth, the renown
of the Bound Table is overturned by the word of one man's speech, for

X XNTRODUCnOK.

all tremble for dread without a blow being struck !" (p. 10). Wiih. this
he laughed so loud that Arthur blushed for yery shame, and waxed as
wroth as the wind. "I know no man," he says, **that is aghast at
thy great words. Give me now thy axe and I will grant thee thy
request !" Arthur seizes the axe, grasps the handle, and sternly bran-
dishes it about, while the Green !^ght, with a stem cheer and a dry
countenance, stroking his beard and drawing down his coat, awaits the
blow (p. 11). Sir Gawayne, the nephew of the king, beseeches his
uncle to let him undertake the encounter ; and, Jk the earnest entreaty
of his nobles, Arthur consents "to give Gawayne the game" (p. 12).

Sir Gawayne then takes possession of the axe, but, before the blow
is dealt, the Green Knight asks the name of his opponent. " In good
faith," answers the good knight, "Gawayne I am called, that bids thee
to this buffet, whatever may befall after, and at this time twelvemonth
will take from thee another, with whatever weapon thou wilt, and
with no wight else alive." "By Gog," quoth the Green Knigjit, **it
pleases me weU that I shall receive at thy fist that which I have
sought here — moreover thou hast truly rehearsed the terms of the
covenant, — but thou shalt first pledge me thy word that thou wilt seek
me thyself, wheresoever on earth thou believest I may be found, and
fetch thee such wages as thou dealest me to-day before this company of
doughty ones," "Where should I seek thee?" replies Gawayne,
" where is thy place ? I know not Ihee, thy court, or thy name. I
wot not where ttiou dwellest, but teach me ttiereto, teU me how thou
art called, and I shall endeavour to find thee, — and that I swear thee
for truth and by my sure troth." "That is enough in New Tear,"
says the groom in green, " if I tell thee when I have received the tap.
When thou hast smitten me, then smartly I will teach thee of my
house, my home, and my own name, so that thou mayest fallow my
track and fulfil the covenant between us. If I spend no speech, then
speedest thou the better, for then mayest thou remain in thy own land
and seek no further; but cease thy talking^ (p 13). Take now thy
grim tool to thee and let us see how thou knockest." "Gladly, sir,
for sooth," quoth Gawayne, and his axe he brandishes.

The Green Knight adjusts himself on the ground, bends sHghtly his
head, lays his long lovely locks over his crown, and lays bare his neck
for the blow. Gawayne then gripped the axe, and, raising it on high,
let it fall quickly upon the knight's neck and severed the head from
the body. The fair head fell from the neck to the earth, and many
turned it aside with their feet as it rolled forth. The blood burst from
the body, yet the knight never faltered nor ^ell ; but boldly he started
fprth on stiff shanks and fiercely rushed forward, seized his head, and
lifted it up quickly. Then he runs to his horse, the bridle he catches,
steps into his saddle and strides aloft. His head by the hair he holds
in his hands, and sits as firmly in his saddle as if no mishap had ailed

^ ThiB, I thmk, is tlie true explanation of ticket.

IirrRODUCTION,. XX

bim, though headless he was (p. 14). He turned his ugly trunk about
— ^that ugly body that bled, — ^and holding the head in his hand, he
directed tiie face toward the "dearest on the dais." The head lifted up
its eyelids and looked abroad, and thus much spoke with its mouth as
ye may now hear : —

''Loke, Gawayne, thou be prompt to go as thou hast promised, and
seek till thou find me according to thy promise made in the hearing of
these knights. Get thee to the Green Chapel, I charge thee, to fetch
such a dint as thou hast dealt, to be returned on New Year's mom.
As the Knight of the Green Chapel I am known to many, wherefore
if thou seekest thou canst not fail to find me. Therefore come, or
recreant be called." With a fierce start the reins he turns, rushes out
of the hall-door, his head in his hand, so that the fire of the flint flew
from the hoofs of his foal. To what kingdom he belonged knew none
there, nor knew they from whence he had come. What then?
** The king and Gawayne there
At that green (one) they laugh and grin."

Though Arthur wondered much at the marvel, he let no one see that
he was at all troubled about it, but full loudly thus spake to his comely
queen with courteous speech :

**Dear dame, to-day be never dismayed, well happens such craft at
Christmas time. I may now proceed to meat, for I cannot deny that
I have witnessed a wondrous adventure this day" (p. 15).

He looked upon Sir Gawayne and said, "Now sir, hang up thine
axe, for enough has it hewn." So the weapon was hung up on
high that all might look upon it, and "by true title thereof tell the
wonder." Then all the knights hastened to their seats at the table, so
did the king and our good knight, and they were there served with all
dainties, " with all manner of meat and minstrelsy,"

Though words were wanting when they first to seat went, now are
their hands full of stem work, and the marvel affords them good
subject for conversation. But a year passes full quickly and never
returns, — the beginning is seldom like the end ; wherefore this Christ-
mas passed away and the year after, and each season in tum followed
after another (p. 16). Thus winter winds round again, and then
Gawayne thinks of his wearisome journey (p. 17). On All-hallows day
Arthur entertains right nobly the lords and ladies of his court in
honour of his nephew, for whom all courteous knights and lovely
ladies were in great grief. Nevertheless they spoke only of mirth,
and, though joyless themselves, made many a joke to cheer the good
Sir Gawayne (p. 18). Early on the morrow Sir Gawayne, with great
ceremony, is arrayed in his armour (p. 19), and thus completely
equipped for his adventure he first hears mass, and afterwards takes
leave of Arthur, the knights of the Bound Table, and the lords and
ladies of the court, who kiss him and commend him to Christ. He bids
them all good day, as he thought, for evermore (p. 21) ;

" Very much was the warm water that poured from eyee that day**

xii nrTBODTJcnoK.

Kow rideis our knight through the realms of England with no com-
panion bnt his foal, and no one to hold converse with saye Gbd alone.
Pnxn Camelot, in Somersetshire, he proceeds through Gloucestershire
and the adjoining counties into M(mtgomeryshire, and thence through
l^orth Wales to Holyhead, adjoining &e Isle of Anglesea (p. 22;, from
whidi he passes into the yery narrow peninsula of Wirral, in Cheshire,
where dwelt but few that loved God or man. Gawayne enquires after
the Green Knight of the Green Chapel, but all the inhabitants declare
that they had never seen *' any man of such hues of green."

The knight thence pursues his joumay by strange paths, over hill
and moor, encountering on his way not only serpents, wolves, bulls,
bears, and boars, but wood satyrs and giants. But worse than all
these, however, was the sharp winter, "when the cold clear water
shed from the douds, and froze ere it might fall to the earth. Nearly
slain with the sleet he slept in his armour, more nights than enough,
in naked rocks" (p. 23).

Thus in peril and plight the knight travds on until Christmas-eve,
and to Mary he makes his moan that she may direct him to some abode.
On the mom he arrives at an immense forest, wondrously wild, snr*
rounded by high hills on every side, where he found hoary oaks full
huge, a hundred together. The hazel and the hawthorn intermingled
wet% all overgrown with moss, and upon their boughs sat many sad
birds that piteously piped for pain of the cold. Gawayne besougbt the
Lord and Mary to guide him to some habitation where he might hear
mass (p. 24). Scarcely had he crossed himself thrice, when he perceived
a dwelling in the wood set upon a hill. It was the loveliest castle he
had ever beheld. It was pitched on a prairie, with a park all about it,
enclosing many a tree for more than two miles. It shone as the sun
through the bright oaks (p. 25).

Gawayne urges on his steed Gringolet, and finds himself at the
"chief gate." He called aloud, and soon there appeared a "porter"
on the wall, who demanded his errand.

"Gbod sir," quoth Gawayne, "wouldst thou go to the high lord of
this house, and crave a lodging for me ?"

"Yea, by Peter!" replied the porter, "well I know that thou art
welcome to dwell here as long as &ou likest."

The drawbridge is soon let down, and the gates opened wide to re*
ceive the knight. Many noble ones hasten to bid him welcome (p. 26).
They take away his helmet, sword, and shield, and many a proud one
presses forward to do him honour. They bring him into the hall,
where a fire was brightly burning upon the hearth. Then the lord of
the land^ comes tram his chamber and welcomes Sir Gawayne, teUing
him that he is to consider the place as his own. Our knight is next

^ Gkiwayne is now in the castle of the Green Knight, who, diyested of his elyish or
snpcmatnral character, appears to our knight menij as a hold one with a heayer-
hued heard.

IKTRODUCnON. ZIU

oondacted to a bright bower, where was noble bedding— -curtains of
pure silk, with golden hems, and Tarsic tapestries upon the walls and
the floors (p. 27). Here the knight doffed his armour and put on rich
robes, which so well became him, that all declared that a more comely
knight Christ had never made (p. 28).

A table is soon raised, and Gawayne, having washed, proceeds to
meat. Many dishes are set before him — '' sews" of various kinds, fish
of all kinds, some baked in bread, others broiled on the embers, some
boiled, and others seasoned with spices. The knight expresses himself
well pleased, and calls it a most noble and princely feast.

After dinner he, in reply to numerous questions, tells his host that
he is Gawayne, one of the Knights of the Bound Table* When this
was made known great was the joy in the hall. Each one said softly
to his companion, ''Now we shall see courteous behaviour and learn
the terms of noble discourse, since we have amongst us 'that fine father
of nurture.' Truly God has highly favoured us in sending us such a
noble guest as Sir Gawayne" (p. 29). At the end of the Christmas
festival Gawayne desires to take his departure from the castle, but his
host persuades him to stay, promising to direct him to the Green
Chapel (about two miles ^om ^e chapel), that he may be there by the
i^pointed time (p. 34).
i,--^ A tmmmkb' made between, tfeib^^K) i^rr^kA' yMck^ffif^JL:ii^^
lora of the castle should go out early to the chase, that Gawayne mean-
while should lie in his loft at his ease, then rise at his usual hour, and
afterwards sit at table with his hostess, and that at the end of the day
they should make an- exchange of whatever they might obtain in the
interim. "Whatever I win in the wood," says the lord, "shall be
yours, and what thou gettest shall be mine" (p. 35).

Full early before daybreak the folk uprise, saddle their horses, and
truss their mails. The noble lord of the land, arrayed for riding, eats
hastily a sop, and having heard mass, proceeds with a hundred hunters
to hunt the wild deer (p. 36).

All this time Gawayne lies in his gay bed. His nap is disturbed by
a little noise at the door, which is softly opened. He heaves up his
head out of the clothes, and, peeping tlu:ough the curtains, beholds a
most lovely lady (the wife of his host). She came towards the bed,
and the knight laid himself down quickly, pretending to be asleep.
The lady stole to the bed, cast up the curtisdns, crept within, sat her
softly on the bed-side, and waited some time till ite knight should
awake. After lurking awhile under the clothes considering what it all
meant, Gawayne unlocked his eyelids, and put on a look of surprise, at
the same time making the sign of the (hx)ss, as if afraid of some hidden
danger (p. 38). ' ' Good morrow, sir, " said that fair lady, "ye are a careless
sleeper to let one enter thus. I shall bind you in your bed, of that be
ye sure." "Good morrow," quoth Gawayne, "I shall act according
to your will with great pleasure, but permit me to rise that I may the
more comfortably converse with you." "Kay, beau sir," said that

XIV INTRODUCnOK.

Bweet one, "ye shall not rise from your bed, for since I have caught
my knight I shall hold talk with him. I ween well that ye are Sir
Gawayne that all the world worships, whose honour and courtesy
are so greatly praised. Now ye are here, and we are alone (my
lord and his men being afar off, other men, too, are in bed, so are my
maidens), and the door is safely closed, I shall use my time well while
it lasts. Ye are welcome to my person to do with it as ye please, and
I will be your servant" (p. 39).

Gawayne behaves most discreetly, for the remembrance of his forth-
coming adventure at the Green Chapel prevents him from thinking of
love (p. 41). At last ttie lady takes leave of the knight by catching him in
her arms and kissing him (p. 41). The day passes away merrily, and at
dusk the lord of the castle returns from the chase. He presents the veni-
son to Gawayne according to the previous covenant between them. Our
knight gives his host a kiss as the only piece of good fortune that had
fallen to him during the day. "It is good," says the other, "tmd
would be much better if ye would tell me where ye won such bliss" (p. 44).
"That was not in our covenant," replies Gawayne, "so try me no
more." After much laughing on both sides they proceed to 8u;pper,
and allerwazds, while 1^ choice wine is being carri^ round, GawnpM '
and his host renew their agreement. Late at night they take lea;m^^lA
^^Astki^^^^^hexiten'^ their b^^ u^'^v the time thAt^^h^>WfiV InM--
crowed and cackled thrice'^ the lord wa« up, and after "meat mi
mass" were over the hunters make for the woods, where they p39%
chase to a wild boar who had grown old and mischievous (p. 45).

While the sportsmen are hunting this "wild swine" our lovely
knight lies in his bed. He is not forgotten by the lady, who pays
him an early visit, seeking to make further triad of his virtues. She
sits softly by his side and tells him that he has forgotten what she
taught him the day before (p. 47) . * * I taught you of kissing, ' ' says she ;
"that becomes every courteous knight." Gawayne says that he must
not take that which is forbidden him. The lady replies that he is
strong enough to enforce his own wishes. Our knight., answers that
every gift not given with a good will is worthless. His fair visitor
then enquires how it is that he who is so skilled in the true sport of love
and so renowned a knight, has never talked to her of love (p. 48). " You
ought," she says, "to show and teach a young thing like me some
tokens of true-love's crafts ; I come hither and sit here alone to learn
of you some game ; do teach me of your wit while my lord is from
home." Gawayne replies that he cannot undertake the task of ex-
pounding true-love and tales of arms to one who has far more wisdom
than he possesses. Thus did our knight avoid all appearance of evil,
though sorely pressed to do what was wrong (p. 49). The lady, having
bestowed two kisses upon Sir Gawayne, takes her leave of him (p. 50).

At the end of the day the lord of the castle returns home with the
shields and head of the wild boar. He shows them to his guest,^ who.
declares that "such a brawn of a beast, nor such sides of a swine," he

INTRODUCTION. XV

neyer before has seen. Oawayne takes possession of the spoil according
to covenant, and in return he bestows two kisses upon his host, who
declares that his guest has indeed been rich with " such chaflfer" (p. 62),

Aftier much persuasion, Gawayne consent^ to stop at the castle another
day (p. 53). Early on the morrow the lord and his men hasten to the
woods, and come upon the track of a fox, the hunting of which affords
them plenty of employment and sport (p. 54). MeanwhUe our good knight
sleeps soundly within his comely curtains. He is again visited by the
lady of the castle. So gaily was she attired, and so '^ faultless of heir
features," that great joy wanned the heart of Sir Gkwajrne. With soft
and pleasant smiles ''they smite into mirth," and are soon engaged in
conversation. Had not Mary thought of her knight, he would have
been in great peril (p. 56). So sorely does the fair one press him with her
love, that he fears lest he should become a traitor to his host. The
lady enquires whether he has a mistress to whom he has plighted his
troth. The knight swears by St. John that he neither has nor desires
one. This answer causes the dame to sigh for sorrow, and telling him
that she must depart, she asks for some gift, if it were only a glove,
by which she might 'Hhink on the knight and lessen her grief" (p. 57).
Gawayne assures her that he has nothing worthy of her acceptance;
that he is on an "uncouth errand," and therefore has **ao men with
no mails containing precious things," for which he is truly sorry.

Quoth that lovesome (one) —

" Thouffk I had nought of yours,
Yet should ye have of mine."

Thus saying, she offers him a rich ring of red gold ^'with a shining
stone standlog aloft," that shone like the beams of the bright sun.
The knight refused the gift, as he had nothing to give in return.
" Since ye refuse my ring," says the lady, ** because it seems too rich,
and ye would not be beholden to me, I shall give you my girdle that
is less valuable" (p. 58). But Gawayne replies that he will not accept
gold or a reward of any kind, though "ever in hot and in cold" he
will be her true servant.

"Do you refuse it," asks the lady, "because it seems simple and
of little value ? "Wboso knew the virtues that- are knit therein would
estimate it more highly. For he who is girded with this green
lace cannot be wounded or slain by any man under heaven." The l^ght
thinks awhile, and it strikes him that this would be "jewel for the
jeopardy" that he had to undergo at the Green Chapel. So he not only
accepts the lace, but promises to keep the possession of it a secret (p. 59).
By tiiat time the lady had kissed him thrice, and she then takes " her
leave and leaves him there."

Gawayne rises, dresses himseK in noble array, and conceals the
"love lace" where he might find it again. He then hies to mass,
idirives him of his misdeeds, and obtains absolution. On his return to the
hall he solaces the ladies with comely carols and all kinds of joy (p. 60).
The dark night came, and then the lord of the castle, haying slain the

XVI nOTlODXTCnON.

fox, returns to his '^dear home," where he finds a fire brightly burning
and his gaest amusing the ladies (p. 61). Qawayne, in fulfilment of his
agreement, kisses his host thrice.^ ** By Christ," quoth the other knight,
^'ye have caught much bliss.. I have hunted aU this day and nou^t
have I got but the skin of this foul fox (the devil have the goods), and
that is foR poor for to pay for such precious things" (p. 62).

After the usual eyening's entertainment, Gawayne retires to rest.
The next morning, being New Tear's day, is cold and stormy. Snow
falls, and the dales are fall of drift. Our knight in his bed locks his
eyelids, but full little he sleeps. By each cock that crows he knows
the hour, and before day-break he calls for his chamberlain, who
quickly brings him his armour (p. 64). While Gawayne clothed himself
in his rich weeds he forgot not the "lace, the lady's gift," but with it
doubly girded his loins. He wore it not for its rich ornaments, "but
to save himself when it behoved him to suffer," and as a safeguard
against sword or knife (p. 65).

Having thanked his host and all the renowned assembly for the great
kindness he had experienced at their handS) "he steps into stirrups
and strides aloft" (p. 66).

The drawbridge is let down, and the broad gates unbarred and
borne open upon both sides,^ and the knight, after commending the castle
to Christ, passes thereout and goes on his way accompanied by his
guide, that should teach him to turn to that place where he should
receive the much dreaded blow. They climb over cliffs, where each
hill had a hat and a mist-cloak, until the next mom, when they find
themselves on a full high hill covered with snow. The servant bids
his master remain awhile, saying, " I have brought you hither at this
time, and now ye are not far from that noted place that ye have so
often enquired after. The place that ye press to is esteemed full
perilous, and there dwells a man in that waste the worst upon earth,
for he is stiff and stem and loves to strike, and greater is he than any
man upon middle-earth, and his body is bigger than the best four in
Arthur's house. He keeps the Green Chapel; there passes none by
that place, however proud in arms, that he does not 'ding him to
death with dint of his hand.' He is a man immoderate and ' no mercy
uses,' for be it churl or chaplain that by the chapel rides, monk or
mass-priest, or any man else, it is as pleasant to him to kill them as to
go alive himself. Wherefore I tell tiiee truly, * come ye there, ye be
killed, though ye had twenty lives to spend. He has dwelt there long
of yore, and on field much sorrow has wrought. Again his dints sore
ye may not defend you' (p. 67). Therefore, good Sir Gawayne, let the man
alone, and for God's sake go by some other path, and then I shall hie
me home again. I swear to you by God and all His saints that I will
never say tihat ever ve attempted to flee firom any man."

Gawayne thanks his guide for his well-meant kindness, but dedares

1 He only in part keeps to his ooToiant, at he holde back the Um4ac$,

IMTRODUCmOX. XVU

that to the Green Chapel he will go, though the owner thereof be " a
stem knave," for God can deyise means to save his servants.

''Mary!" quoth the other, ''since it pleases thee to lose thj life, I
will not hinder thee. Have thy helmet on thy head, thy spear in thy
hand, and ride down this path by yon rock-side, till thou be brought
to the bottom of the valley. Then look a little on the plain, on Uiy
left hand, and thou shalt see in that slade the chapel itself, and the
burly knight that guards it (p. 68). Now, farewell Qawayne the noble !
for all the gold upon ground I would not go with thee nor bear thee
fellowship ti^ough this wood 'on foot farther.' " Thus having spoken,
he gallops away and leaves the knight alone.

Gawayne now pursues his journey, rides through the dale, and looks
about. He sees no signs of a resting-place, but only high and steep
banks, and the very shadows of the high woods seemed wild and dis-
torted. 'No chapel, however, could he discover. Afber a while he sees
a round hill by the side of a stream; thither he goes, alights, and
fastens his horse to the branch of a tree. He walks about the hill,
debating with himself what it might be. It had a hole in the one end
and on each side, and everywhere overgrown with grass, but whether
it was only an old cave or a crevice of an old crag he could not tell
(p. 69).

" Kow, indeed," quoth Gawayne, " a desert is here ; this oratory is
ugly with herbs overgrown. It is a fitting place for the man in green
to 'deal here his devotions after the devil's manner.' K"ow I feel it is
the fiend (the devil) in my five wits that has covenanted with me that
he may destroy me. This is a chapel of misfortune — evil betide it !
It is the most cursed kirk that ever I came in." Wilh his helmet on
his head, and spear in his hand, he roams up to the rock, and then he
hears from that high hill beyond the brook a wondrous wild noise.
Lo ! it clattered in the cliff as if one upon a grindstone were grinding
a scythe. It whirred like the water at a mill, and rushed and re-
echoed, terrible to hear. " Though my life I forego," says Gkiwayne,
" no noise shall cause me to fear,"

Then he cried aloud, " Who dwells in this place, discourse with me
to hold ? For now is good Gawayne going right here if any brave
wight will hie him hither, either now or never" (p. 70).

"Abide," quoth one on the bank above, over his head, "and thou
shalt have all in haste that I promised thee once."

Soon there comes out of a hole in the crag, with a fell weapon, a
Danish axe quite new, the "man in the green," clothed as at first as
to his legs, locks, and beard. But now he is on foot and walks on the
earth. When he reaches the stream, he hops over and boldly strides
about. He meets Sir Gawayne, who tells him that he is quite ready
to fulfil his part of the compact. "Gawayne," quoth that 'green
gome' (man), "may God preserve thee! Truly thou art welcome to
my place, 'and thou hast timed thy travel' as a true man should.
Thou knowest the covenants made between us, at this time twelve.

XVm INTEODUCnON.

month, that on New Year's day I should return thee thy blow. We are
now in this valley by ourselves, and can do as we please (p. 71). Have,
therefore, thy helmet off thy head, and * have here thy pay.' Let us
have no more talk than when thou didst strike off my head with a single
blow."

"Kay, by Gh)d!" q«oth Gawayne, "I shiill not begrudge thee thy
will for any harm that may happen, but wiH stand still while thou
strikest."

Then he sto^s a little and shows his bare neck, immoved by any
fear. The Green Knight takes up his '' grim tool," and with all his
force raises it alofk, as if he meant utterly to destroy him. As the axe
came gliding down Gawayne "shrank a little with the shoulders from
the sharp iron." The other withheld his weapon, and then reproved
the prince with many proud words. " Thou art not Gawayne that is
so good esteemed, that never feared for no host by hill nor by vale, for
now thou fleest for fear before thou feelest harm (p. 72). Such cowardice
of that knight did I never hear. I never flinched nor fled when thou
didst aim at me in King Arthur's house. My head flew to my feet
and yet I never fled, wherefore I deserve to be called the better man."

Quoth Gawayne,. "I shunted once, but will do so no more, though
my head fall on the stones. But hasten and bring me to the point ;
deal me my destiny, and db it out of hand, for I shall stand thee a
stroke and start no more until thine axe has hit me — ^have here my
troth." "Have at thee, then," said the other, and heaves the axe
aloft, and looks as savagely as if he were mad. He aims at the other
mightily, but withholds his hand ere it might hurt. Gawayne readily
abides the blow without flinching with any member, and stood still as
a stone or a tree fixed in rocky ground with a himdred roots.

Then merrily the other did speak, " Since now thou hast thy heart
whole it behoves me to strike, so take care of thy neck." Gawayne
answers with great wroth, " Thrash on, thou fierce man, thou threat-
enest too long ; I beMeve thy own heart fails thee."

" Forsooth," quoth the other, since thou speakest so boldly, I will no
longer delay" (p. 73). Then, contracting " both lips and brow," he made
ready to strike, and let fall his axe on the bare neck o'f Sir Gawayne.
"Though he hammered" fiercely, he only "severed the hide," causing
the blood to flow. When Gawayne saw his blood on the snow, he
quickly seized his helmet and placed it on his head. Then he drew
out his bright sword, and thus angrily spoke : " Gease, man, of thy
blow, bid me no more. I have received a stroke in this place without
opposition, but if thou givest me any more readily shall I requite thee,
of that be thou sure. Our covenant stipulates one stroke, and therefore
now cease."

The Green Sjiight, resting on his axe, looks on Sir Gawayne, as
bold and fearless he there stood, and then with a loud voice tihus
addresses the knight : " Bold knight, be not so wroth, no man here has
wronged thee (p. 74) ; I promised thee a stroke, and thou hast it, so hold

INTRODUCnON. XIX

thee well pleased. I could have dealt mucli worse with thee, and
caused thee much sorrow. Two blows I aimed at thee, for twice thou
kissedst my fair wife; but I struck thee not, because thou restoredst
them to me according to agreement. At the third time thou failedst,
and therefore I have given thee that tap. That woven girdle, given
thee by my own wife, belongs to me. I know well thy kisses, thy
conduct also, and the wooing of my wife, for I wrought it myself. I
sent her to try thee, and ixuly methinks thou art &e most faultless
man that ever on foot went. Still, sir, thou wert wanting in good
faith ; but as it proceeded from no immorality, thou being only desirous
of saving thy life, the less I blame thee."

Gawayne stood confoimded, the blood rushed into his face, and he
shrank within himself for very shame. "Cursed," he cried, "be
cowardice and coretousness both; in you are villany and vice, that
virtue destroy." Then he takes off the girdle and throws it to the
knight in green, cursing his cowardice and covetousness. The Green
Knight, laughing, thus spoke : " Thou hast confessed so clean, and
acknowledg!^ thy faults, that I hold thee as pure as thou hadst never
forfeited since thou wast first bom. I give thee, sir, the gold-hemmed
girdle as a token of thy adventure at the Green Chapel. Come now
S) my castle, and we shall enjoy together the festivities of the Kew
Year" (p. 76).

"Kay, forsooth," quoth the knight, "but for your kindness may
God requite you. Commend me to that courteous one your comely
wife, who with her crafts has beguiled me. But it is no uncommon
thing for a man to come to sorrow through women's wiles ; for so was
Adam beguiled with one, and Solomon with many. Samson was
destroyed by Delilah, and David suffered much through Bathsheba. ^It
were indeed great hlise for a man to love them well and believe them not,*
Since the greatest upon earth were so beguiled, methinks I should be
excused. But God reward you for your girdle, which I will ever
wear in remembrance of my fault, and when pride shall exalt me, a
look to this love- lace shall lessen it (p. 77). But since ye are the lord of
yonder land, from whom I have received so much honour, tell me truly
your right name, and I shall ask no more questions."

Quoth the otiier, "I am called Bemlak de Hautdesert, through
might of Morgain la Fay, who dwells in my house. Much has she
learnt of Merlm, who knows all your knights at home. She brought
me to your hall for to essay the prowess of the Eound Table. She
wrought this wonder to bereave you of your wits, hoping to have
grieved Guenever and affrighted her to deam by means of the man that
spoke with his head in his hand before the lugh table. She is even
thine aunt, Arthur's half sister ; wherefore come to thine aunt, for all
my household love thee."

Gawayne refuses to accompany the Green Knight, and so, with many
embraces and kind wishes, they separate — ^the one to his castle, the
other to Arthur's court.

XX INTRODUCTION.

After passing through many w^d ways, our knight recovers from the
wound in his neck, and at last comes safe and sound to the court of
Sing Arthur. Great then was the joy of all ; the king and queen kiss their
hraye knight, and make many enquiries about his journey. He telk
them of his adventures, hiding nothing — *' the chance of the chapel,
the cheer of the knight, the love of the lady, and lastly of the lace."
Groaning for grief and shame he shows them the cut in his neck,
which he had received for his unfaithfiilness (p. 79), Theking and his
courtiers comfort the knight — ^they laugh lou(Uy at his adventures, and
unanimously agree that those lords and ladies that belonged to the
Bound Table, and each knight of the brotherhood, should ever after
wear a bright green belt for Gawayne's sake. And he upon whom it
was confeired honoured it evermore after.

Thus in Arthur's time this adventure befell, whereof the ** Brutus
Books" bear witness (p. 80).

I need not say that the Brutus Books we possess do not con-
tain the legend here set forth, though it is not much more
improbable than some of the statements contained in them. If
the reader desires to know the relation in which this and the
like stories stand to the original Arthur legends, he will find it
discussed in Sir F. Madden's Preface to his edition of "Syr
Gawayne," which also contains a sketch of the very dijBTerent
views taken of Sir Gawayne by the different Bomance writers.

Into this and other literary questions I do not enter here, as
I have nothing to add to Sir F. Madden's statements ; but in
the text of the Poem I have differed from him in some few
readings, which will be foimd noticed in the Notes and Glossary.

As the manuscript is fast fading, I am glad that the exist-
ence of the Early English Text Society has enabled us to secure
a wider difi^ion of its contents before the original shall be no
longer legible.

We want nothing but an increased supply of members to
enable us to give to a large circle of readers many an equally
interesting record of Early English minds.

p

SYE GAWAYN AND THE GEENE KNirT.

[FYTTE THE FIRST.]
I.

SlfEN }e sege & }e assaut watj sesed at Troye,
pe bor^ brittened & brent to bronde^ & aske^,
pe tulk Jat Je trawmes of tresouw }er wrojt, ^
4 Watj tried for his tricberie, ^e trewest on erthe ;
Hit wat^ Ennias }e athel, & bis bigh^ kynde,
pat sijen depreced proninces, & patrounes bicome -
Webie^e of al }e wele in }e west iles,
8 Fro ricbe Bomnlus to Eome riccbis hjm swyjTO,
With gret bobbaunce ]7at bnrje be biges vpon fyrst,
& lieuenes bit bis aune nome, as bit now bat ;
Ticius to Tuskan [tumes,] & teldes bigynnes ;
12 Langaberde i» Lumbardie lyftes vp bomes ;
& fer ou^ Je Frencb flod Felix Bratt^
On mony bonkkes fill brode Bretayn be settej,
wytb Wynne ;
16 Where werre, & wrake, & wonder,

Bi'syJ^ej hatj wont J«^-i»ne,
& oft bo]7e blysse & blunder
Ful skete hatj skyfted synne.

II.

20 Ande quen yis Bretayn wfttj bigged bi }ia bum rych,
Bolde bredden^]7er-i»ne, baret )«it lofden,
In mony turned tyme tene ]7at wro^ten ;
Mo ferlyes on J^is folde ban fallen here oft

[Fol. 91a.]
After the siege of
Troy

BomuloB built
Rome,

and Felix Bratna
founded Britain,

a land of war and
wonder,

and oft of bliss
and blander.

Bold men in-
creased in the
land.

Arthur htid at
Cobielat hia
C'hhS'tni&.H fesLSif

irith nil the
knights of cho
Round Tabloi

itiU atteen daya*

All waa J07 in
baUandcbiuaberi

knii^lits aud

the happiest
under hcnf »n.

1

CHHISTMAS AT AltTHtH S COURT,

and m^my mar-
tcIb happened.

Of all BrUaln^s
kings Arthur wa^
tho noblest.

Liflten a while
BJid ye shall h^sr
Hie istory of an
^^ovtragrcous ad«
TeDlure."

24 J7en in any o^er Jflt I "wot, syn Jrat ilk tyme.
Eot of alle j?at here bult of Bretaygno tywgee
Ay }^atj Arthur Je hendest, as I haf herde telle ;
Tor-Ji ixsLUunter in erde I attle to schawcj
28 J?at a selly in sijt su»«me men Mt holden,
& an oufctrage awenture of Arthurej wond«^f ;
If je wyl lysten Jis bye bot on littel ^i^iile^
I schal telle hit, as-titj as I i^ ton» herde,
32 ■with tonge ;

As hit 13 stad & stoken,
Ie stori stif & stronge, j

With lei letterea loken,
1$$ In londa so hatj ben longe.

m.

pis kyng lay at Cam y lot vpon kryst-masse^
With mony luflycli lorde, ledej of Je best^
Ilekenly of )?© rouwde table alLc )?o rich bre)^*r,

40 WftA rych rcuel oryjtj & rechles ui*^*JjeB ;
per toK/'nayed tulkcs bi-tymej ful mony,
lusted ful lolile jfise gentyle knijtee,
Sy)?en kayred to f e court, caroles to make*

44 For J^er Je fest watj ily che ful fiften dayes,

^ith alle fe mete & }e mirj^e Jat me» couje a-vyse ;
Such glaimiande gle gloriow* to here,
Dere dyn vp-on day^ dau^sy/ig on uyjtes,

48 Al watj bap vpon beje in hallej & ebambrej,
With lordej & ladies, as Icuest him j^ojt ;
With aU yo wele of Jje worlde ]nxy woned }er samen,
pe moat kyd kny)tej vnder kryst^s selnen,

52 & Je louelokkcst ladies )?at eu^ lif haden,
& be J?e eomlokest kyng |7at J?e csourt haldesj
For al "watj jiis fayre folk in her first age,
on Bille ;

56 po hapnest vnder henen, ,

Klyag liyjest moa of wylle,

THE CELEBRATION OF THE NEW TEAR.

i

Hit were* now gret nye to neuew
So haidy a here on hille.

IV.

60 Wyle nw jer watj so Jep }ai hdt watj nwe cxunmeUf
J?at day doubble on J?e dece watj }e douffi seraed,
Fro ]?e kyng wat; cummai with kny^tM in to ]^ halle,
pe channtre of jto chapel cheued to an ende ;

64 Loude crye watj J?er kest of clerkej & oJtot,
Nowel nayted o-newej'neuened fill ofte ;
& sy^en riche forth ninnen to reche honde-aeUe^
^^ed ^eres jiftes on hi^, ^elde hem bi hond,

68 Debated busyly aboute |?o giftes ;

Ladies lajed fill loude, }o} }q,j lost haden,

& he ]7at wan watj not WTo}e, }at may je wel traw^.

Alle yia mirJTO ]7ay maden to jto mete tyme ;

72 When J^ay had waschen, wor]7yly )«iy wenten to sete,
pe best bnme ay abof, as hit best semed ;
Whene Guenore ful gay, gray)^ in J^ mydde^
Dressed on jto dere des, dubbed al aboute,

76 Smal sen^al ^sides, a selure hir ou^
Of tiryed Tolouse, of Tars ts^ites i»-nogh^,
pat were enbrawdedf & beten wyth }e best gemmes,
}>at myjt be i^ued of prys wyth penye's to bye,

80 in daye ;

pe comlokest to discrye,
per glent with yjen gray,
A semloker ]7at euer he syje,

84 Soth mo^t no mon say.

They oelebaiMa
the Mew Tear
with grett joy.

(FoL 92.]

Gifts are de-
manded and be-
stowed.

Lords and ladies
take their seats
at the taUe.

Queen Gaenerer
appears gaily
dressed.

A lady fairer of
form miffht no
one say he had
ever before seen.

Bot Arthure wolde not ete til al were semed.
He watj so loly of his loyfiies, & suw-quat child gered,
His lif liked hjm ly^, he louied jto lasse
88 Axi}er to lenge lye, or to longe sitte,

* werere, MS.

Arthur wonld
not eat.

nor would he
long sit

4 ARTHUR LONGS FOR AN ADVENTURE.

So bisied him his jonge blod & Ids brayn w^lde ;
& also aiio]7^rinaiier meued }dm eke,
fat he J7urj nobelay had nomen, he wolde nener ete
92 Vpon such a dere day, er hym detiwed were
untn he bad wit- Of sum auentuTW^ W»g an vncoube tale, , ,

nessed a "won- jyf, r^ e r 9^ , c^

of°w)me^d^" Of SOW mayn m^aylc, J?at he myjt trawe.
Of ^ aMeres, of ^rmes, of o}er ai^enturw*,
96 0]^er sum segg hjm bi-sojt of sum epiker knyjt, ^
To loyne wyth hym in iustyng in lopard^ to lay,
Lede lif for lyf, leue ycTi9n o]?^,
As fortune wolde folsun ho^ ]7e fayrer to haue.
100 f is watj [ye] kynges couwtenaunce where he in court
were, ,/;
At vch fSrand fest among his jfreSneny, ' ^^
in halle ;

He of face so «. « « « «

bold makes much por-fofe 01 fac6 SO fere,

mirth with all. '-0 ' V- • ' ^ V

[Foi. 926.] 104 He stijtlej stif in stalle,^" '

Ful |ep in Jat nw jere, ,
Muche mirthe he mas w»tA alle.

YI. ^ ^, ^
The kingtaiks Thus }er stondes in stale J^e stif kyng his-seluen, ^^r

withhisTmights. ^^g Talkkande bifore >e hyje table o^ trifles ful i^nie; '
Gawayne, There gode Gawa^ ^yatj gr(^]?ed, Gwenore bisyde,

Agrayayn, & AgTflRiayn a la Qure mayn on ]7at oj?^ syde sittes,

BoJ^e J?e kynges sist^ sunes, & ful siker knijtes ;
Bishop Bawde- 112 Bischop Bawdowyu abof bi-ginej J^e table,
and Twain sit & Ywau, Yryu spu, etto wit jbymseluenjj

pise were''dijt on j?^ des, &4erwor)7ly serued,

& si]?en mony sSker segge at }e pidborde^ -^
The first course 116 pen ]7e first cors come with cratkyng of trumpes,
cracking of tnim- ^Wyth mony baner ful bryjt, ]7at ]7er-bi henged,
^we nakiyn^ noyse with }e noble pipes,

"Wylde werbled & wyjt wa^n^ Iqte, ^

120 pat mony hert ful hi^e hef at her towches ;

1 Of of, in MS.

THE APPEARANCE OF THE OBEEN KNIGHT.

en )^r-wyth of fol dere metes,
Fo^ateH 0^1^ firesclie, & on so fele disches,
pat'T^metofyiide ]7e pljice }e peple bi-fome^
124 For to sette }e 8ylAen&,* J^at'^iere seweslGAlden,

Iche le^ as he loued hym-selue . , ^ ^
per l^S w»t^oiiten loj^e,"*^ ^ * * ^

128 -^ '^i^ two had disches twelue,

Good ber, & bryjt wyn boj^e.

^ VII.
Now wyl I of nor senii^ say yow no more,
For vch wy^e may wel wri« no woni bat Jt^ .were ;

1 32 Aj\^er no¥0 fol newe'ne je^ biliue, /, 1- '^ *
pat J?e%ide^myjt hafj^neliflode to each.
Fdrvne^e watj J^e noyce not a whyle wsed,
& J>e fyrstcotirce in ^ court fcynaely s^ed,

136 pe/iiales in at }e halle^^pr aj aghlich mayst^,
On J?e most pn f e inolde on mesure hrghe ;
Fro J?ewswyre to )?e ^S6^ so swM:e' & so ]7ik,
& his ^n^s & hisJymes so longe & so grete,

140 Half etayn in erde I nope bat he were.
Bot mon^most 1 al^Jie my;in hym to bene,
& ]7at J^ myneiat in his mASkel jiat myjt ride ;
For of bak & of brest al were his bocji ^me, '

144 Bot his womoS & his wast were'woitfiily smale,
& alle his fetures fol^ande, jn fopae jbat he hade,
fulclene* ' *

r

For wonder of l^shwe me» hade,
148 Set in hia semblaunt sene; ,^^

He^OToe as feike were fade,*
& oiwr-al enker grene.

..^..J vin.

Ande al ^y^ed in grene ]7isfipcaiie & his wedes,
152 A strayt cote fill street, ]?at ^k on his sides.

ItconsiBtedofaU
dainties in bm*

Each two had
diahee twelve,

good beer and
bright wine both.

There was no
want of any-
thing.

Scarcely had the
first course oom*

when there
rashes in at the
hall-door a
knight;

the tallest on
earth

[FoL 98.]

he mnst hays
been.

His back and
breast were
great,

but his belly and
waist were small.

He was clothed
entirely in green.

sylu^en (?) (dishes).

A UOBSEy GBEBN AS GRASS,

A>^"

A &ere|manti)eab^L^^^ed w»tA-inne, ^^^

WtU blyj^e^tlawp^ M bryjt, & Ids hod bo>e,
156 pat wai^^fa^mJL^ & layde on his Bchulderes ;

Heme wel^pifea/^se^ Jat same grene^
Hwrourawcreof pat TOfeilSEpn his ^iiyr,,& clene spures vnder,

bright gold. U J^ J '/^♦-wif

Of bryjt golde, ypon silkT^rdes, barred ful ryche,
160 & scholes vnaef schantes, jiere Jto BcijdSL rides;
& alle his vesture uerayly watj clene wdnre,
Boje Je barres ofj^§^^^ &jf}er hlyje stones,
pat were richely rayled in his aray clene,
His saddle was 164 Abouttc hy^-Mlf & h|sjsadel, vpon silk werkej,
with wrds and ^at were tSti^oT to^lle of tryfles If halue,

pat were enbrauded abof, wyth bryddes & flyjes,
With gay gaudiof grene, ii^^lde ay in ^J^^J^^ju
168 pe pen^uj^s of his fS^raiire^be proud^^c^^tfixe,
His mdl^nls, & atle }e metail anamayld was Jyenne,

172 f ajeuer flemjred* j&glent al of grene stones.
The foal that he pe fole tat he ferkkes on, fen of >at ilke,

rode upon was "^ ' n~l. r^ % *

firreen; sertayn ;

A grene hors gret & Jikke,^j^

it was a steed fall 176 A sted^ fill ^if to stray^B,

I»Drawden Jfe^del quik,

[Fol. 93a.] To \^ gome he watj fill gayn.

IX.

GaiiT was the Wei gay wat J J^is gome gered in grene,

kniglit attired. ^^^ ^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^ j^.^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^ .

Fayre fannand fax vmbe-foldes his schulderes ;
His great heard, A much berd as^ a busk ou^ his brest henges,

like a hash, hung

on his hreast, fat wyth his hi^ch here, ]7at of his bed reche^,

184 Wat J enesed al vmbe-tome, a-bof his elbowes,

: (?). 2 as as, in MS. ,

CARRIES THE KNIGHT IN OREEN.

pat half his armes ^er ynder weie halched in ^e wyse
Of a kynge^ capados, J^at closes his swyro.
pe mane of ^at mayn hors much to hit lyke,
188 Wei cresped & cemmed wyth knottes ful mony,
Folden in wyth fildore aboute Je fayre grene,
Ay a herle of }e here, an o J^ of golde ;
pe tayl & his toppywg twywnen of a sute,
192 & bouitden bojye wyth a bande of a bryjt grene,
Dabbed wyth ful dere stone^, as ]?e dok lasted,
Sy)«n )n:xiwen wyth a Jwong a Jwarle knot alofte,
per mony belief fill bryjt of brende golde rungen.
196 Such a fole vpon folde, ne freke }a.t hjm rydes,
Watj neu^r sene in J^at sale wyth syjt er Jat tyme,
with y je ;
He loked as layt so ly^t,
200 So sayd al Jat hym syje,

Kit semed as no mon my^t,
Vndtfr his dynttej dryje.

The horse's nuuie
wms decked with
golden threads.

Its tail was boimd
with a green
band.

Sooh a foal nor
a knight were
nereroeforeseen.

It seemed that no
man might en-
dure his dints.

Whe^er hade he no helme ne hawb[e]rgh naaj^er,

204 'Ne no pysan, ne no plate Jat pented to armes,

Ne no schafte, ne no schelde, to schwne ne to smyte,
Bot in his on honde he hade a holyn bobbe,
pat is grattest in grene, when greue^ ar bare,

208 & an az in his o}er, a hoge & vn-mete,

A spetos spar]7e to expoun in spelle quo-so myjt ;
pe hede of an ehijerde Je large lenkje hade,
pe grayn al of grene stele and of golde hewen,

212 pe bit bumyst bryjt, witA a brod egge,
As wel schapen to schere as scharp rasores ;
pe stele of a stif staf ]fe stume hit bi-grypte,
pat watj waunden wyth ym to f e wandej ende,

216 & al bigrauen with grene, in gr^cons^ werkes ;

The knight car-
ried neither spear
nor shield.

In one hand wa
a holly bough,

in the other ai
axe,

the edge of which
was as keen as a
sharp razor,

[Fol. 94.]

and the handle
was encased in

1 gracious (?).

8 THE ORBEK KNIGHT ASKS FOR THE KING.

5««»^^^y A lace lapped aboute, ]7at louked at J^e liede,

^^iDgradoiu 4 80 aft^ j^ lialme halched M ofte,

Wyth tryed tasselej J^erto tacched i«-nogh^,
Thus arrayed the 220 On botowij of jfB bryjt grene brayden M rycbe.
^ S^Ci, pis ha>el heldej hym in, & >e halle entres,

Driuande to J^e heje dece, dut be no woJ?e,
iS^'Sne."^'*'^ Haylsed be neu^ one, bot heje be ou^r loked.

224 pe fyrst word ]^t be warp, ** wber is," he sayd,
?|o"mo?- S* "pe gou^owr of >is gyng? gladly I wolde

ttiecompany. ^ j^^ ^^^ j^ ^^^^ ^ ^^^ ^^^ ^-^ ^^j^^

raysonn."
228 To kny^^ be kest bis y^e,

& reled byw vp & donn,
and looks for the He stemmed & con studie,

Quo wait yer most renouw.

XI.

Much they mar- 232 Tber wat^ lokyng on lenl^e, be lude to be-bolde,

yel to see a t»<"i if mm

and a horae For Ycb mon bad memayle quat bit mene my^t,

pat a ba]^l & a horse my;t such a hwe lacb,

as green as grass. As growe grene as \q gres & grener bit semed,
236 pen grene amnayl on golde lowande bry^t^ ;
Al studied bat \er stod, & stalked bym nerre,

Nerer before had / / » j >

th^ "®®1^*'^ * Wyth al ]7e wonder of J?e worlde, what he worch schulde.
For fele sellyej bad J^ay sen, bot such neu^ are,
240 For-Ji for fantouw & fayryje Je folk ]7ere bit demed ;

mieywCTe afiraid per-fore to answare wat j arje mony a]7el fireke,
& al stouned at bis steuen, & ston-stil seten,
In a swoghtf sylence ]7ur^ jtc sale riche

SeLrS^iflieep 244 As al were slypped vpon slope so slaked hor lotej

had taken poe- • -l—,- ,

session of them; l»ny?e;

I deme hit not al for doute,

some firom fear -n . « i.

and others fh>m ^DOt sxxM lor cortaysye,

co«rt«*y. 248 Bot let by»» >at al schulde loute,

Cast vnto J^at wyje.

ARTHUR BIDS HIM WELCOME.

XII.

penn Arjowr bifore J^e hij dece ]7at auenture byholdej,
& rekenly hym ren^enced, for rad was lie neiwr,

252 & sayde, " wy fe, welcuw iwys to ]7is place,
pe hede of ^ib ostel Arthowr I hat ;
lA}t luflycli adoun, & lenge, I ^ praye,
& quat so Jy wylle is, we sclial wyt aft^r."

266 "Nay, ashelpme,"qwo^A]7elia]7el, "hej^atonhyje syttes,
To wone any quyle in J^is won, hit watj not my» emde;
Bot for Je los of ]7e lede is lyfb vp so hyje,
& Jy burj & f y bumes best ar holden,

260 Stifest vnder stel-gere on stedes to ryde,

pe wyjtest and ]7e worjyest of Je worldes kynde,
Preue for to play wyth in o}er pure laykej ;
& here is kydde cortaysye, as I haf herd carp,

264 & J7at hatj wayned me hider, I-wyis, at J^is tyme.
je may be seker bi Jis brauwch J?at I here here,
pat I passe as in pes, & no plyjt seche ;
For had I founded in fere, in fejtywg wyse,

268 I haue a haubergh^ at home & a helme boJTe,
A schelde, & a scharp spere, schinande bry^t,
Ande o}er weppenes to welde, I wene wel als,
Bot for I wolde no were, my wedej ar softw.

272 Bot if ^ be so bold as alle bume^ tellen,
pon wyl grant me godly J^e gomen J^at I ask,
bi ryjt."
Arthowr con onsware,

276 & sayd, ** syr cortays knyjt,

K Jon crauelbatayl bare,
Here faylej J^ou not to fyjt."

Arthur salutes
the Green
Knight,

FFol. 946.]
bids him wel-
come, and invites
him to staT
awhile.

The knight says
that he will not
tarry.

He seeks the
most valiant that
he may prove
him.

He comes in
peace.

At home, how-
ever, he has both
shield and spear.

Arthur assures
him that he shall
not fail to find an
opponent worthy
of nim.

XTTL

" Nay, frayst I no fyjt, in fayth I ^ telle,
280 Hit am abonte on }iB bench bot berdlej chylder ;
If I were hasped in armes on a heje stede,
Here is no mon me to mach, for myjtej so wayke.

''Iseeknofight,"
says the knight.

*** Here are only
beardless chil-
dren.'

"Here is no man
tomato^

10 THE REQUEST OF THE GKEEH KNIGHT.

For-^ I crane in Job oonrfc a c a ry s t e mas gomefi,
oammmrT^^ 284 FoT hit is |ol & nwe jer, & here ar jep moiiy ;

If any so hardy in Job hotM holde^ hym-seluen,
flnooghto'^i^tte Be 80 bolde ii» his blod, hrayn in hys hecfe,

j^cto for an. p^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^ ^^^ ^^ ^ ^^^

288 I schal gif hym of my gyft Yjb giseme ryche,
bif;"^ pis axy yat is heu^ in-nogh, to hondeb as hym lykes,

[F6L 95.] & I schal bide }e fyrst bur, as bare as I sitte.
If any freke be so felle to fonde J^at I telley
292 Lepe ly;tly me to, & lach ]ds weppen,
I shau ffi ^ ^^^ clayme hit for eiwr, kepe hit as his aaen,

htoj^« itioke' in & I schal stonde hy»i a strok, stif on Jris flet,

EUe^ }|ou wyl di^t me }e dom to dele hjm an o^eTf
296 barlay;

& ^ gif hym respite,
m^ LkT?"^ ^ twelmonyth & a day ;

^y-" Now hyje, & let se tite

300 Dar any her-inne ojt say."

Fear kept au If he hem stowaed vpon fyrst, stiller were Jeanne

Alle,^ hereo-m^ in halle, ]^e hj\ & }e loje ;
TiieknigbtroUed peTenS on his rounce hyi» nfe^S^ h^

hUredeyee ^ a^^4^ ^ tl , ^s*V^,

•bout, 304 & «miJ|cn-ly his jredb yjen he reled aboute,

and bent his 4^^^'T*. Atw^f. t^V^^^" Jb^"'

brisUy green ^^2^ ^^ bresea bro^^ bly-cande grene,

m^gbi-bewd ^W^^d^ ^^!?f l?J»to^5^Y^fe

awbile, be ex- •rm- lyrV* — ■•_ /^r __^frTr: --^

claimed:

Whenjtton^TOldeiepe hyw w»tA carfthe cq^ed ful hyje,
308 Ande nmei nym ful ricbby, & ^^t nym to speke :
" What, is.^is Arbures hotw," timth }e taf el^f enne,
" pat al }i fou8 renneaof, Jjyj ryalmes so mony ?
Where is no^ jour 8o«rqiiydrve|& yotir conquestes,
312 Your gryndel-layk, & yoiir greme, & jour grete wordes?
Now is he ronel & be renoun of be roxmde table
Oner-wolt ^v^h a worde of on wy^^s speche ;
5u!?I*^* For ^dwes for drede, wttAoute dynt schewed ! "

316 Wyth J^is he lajes so loude, }at }e lorde gr^tol;

*«WbatIiatbis
Arthur's oonrtt

Forsooth the
renown of the
Bound Table is
otirtumed*with

KING ARTHUR IS VERY WROTH.

11

pe blod schot for scham in-to^s sBijre face

He wex as wroth as wfnde,
320 So did alle }>at ter were,— -

pe kyng as 4me bi kySSkj^
. pen stod ]?at^ii^mon nere.

Arthur bluBhea
for shame.

He waxes as
wroth as the
wind.

Ande sayde, " Iiajyel , by heuen Jry» askyng is np,
824 & as Jou^foly Im^^^S^le^ be-fettfelt^

I know no gome ^ is ffllSfMJyy grete wordea.

Gif me now }yy g^eme, vpon godej halM, ' ^^

& I scl^ offjffeS^ b&i\5, Jat ^jUj^blfden halSbes."
328 ft^S^epej he hyw to,^*^

pen feersly yat o\er \

He assures the
knight that no
one is afiraid of
his great words.

[FbL 956.]

Now hatj Axtiiiire his axe, & )?e nfflfiie grypej,

& sturn^x wSe} mt aboute, J^at stryke wyth hit Jojt.

Arthur sdzes his
axe.

332

J stif mon hyw bifore stod vpon hyjt,

ienS^en ani in Je hotw by \e hMie & more ; ^^ ^

Wyth stume Vhefe^ J'^'/iS ®^' ^® stroked his berde, 5SJf*iSrJdt?S
& wyth a^xmtejanwce c^^jene drojaonp lps cjte |^ "dry countea-
336 No more inte ne dismayd for hys mSyJicuiit^f''^^
pen any bnnie vpon bench hade brojt hym to drynk
of wyne,
Gawan, ^at sate bi }e qnene,
340 To >e ky»g he can enclyS^^ r

"I
pis MQy mot be myne.

e now w»tA*8aje} sene,'^ ^

The knight,
stroking his

draws
down his coat.

Sir Gawayne be-
seeches toe king
to let him under-
take the blow.

XVI.

344

& }?at my legg^iady lyked not ille,
I cliere(?).

asks permis-

' leave the

he says,

12 SIR GAWAYNE ASKS ARTHUE's LEAVE

I wolde com to your couiweyl, bifore yotir cort ryclie.

it is Hot meet 348 For me link hit not semly, asldt is sob knawen,

that Arthur ' J^X>^-^ f^

•houid he active p^ sucli an askywg is naueded so hyje in yowr sale,

in the matter, ^ ^ ° , .7 1 , , a. '" * '

J7aj je jowr-self be talenttyf to take hit to yoMr -selnen,
bSd^onee"St*^ Whil mony so bolde yow aboute vppn bench sytten,

uponhench. 352 pat vnder heuen, I hop^ non haj^r^o^jwylfe,'^

Ne bett^ bodyes on feent, )7er taret is r^ed ;
Although the I am ]?^wakkest, I wot, and pf wyt feblest,

quite ready to & lest R? of my lyf, quo Tapes W so)?e,

flight. 356 Bot for as much asje ar myn em, I am only to prayse,

No bounty ^^JSmi ^^9^ \ ^l °^y ^oA.i knowe ;

& 8^J?& J^is^^^lSsb^l^s/ftft no^ hit yw falles,

& I hanfi fegjnedliit at yow fyrst, folaej hit to me,
360 & if I cari^ not comity, let alle ]7is cort rych.

The nobles en- Kyche to-gederxon EOffl!^**''*''*^^

treat Arthur to a. i. 1. ^H^^^^^^i

"give Gawayne & syj^cn pay redden alle same,

e game. ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ky»g wyth cronw,

& gif Gawan \e game.

XVIT.

[Foi. 96.] J?en comaunded )?e ky«g J^knj»t Ar to ryse ;

& he ful radly vp ros, & r^ih^Iiym fayi^J^^""^
The king gives 368 Eneled donn bifore Je kyng, & caches Jat weppen ;

his nephew his ^^

& he Imyly hit hyw lafb, & lyfbe vp his honde.

& gef hym godde^ blessyng, & gladly hym biddes
k** *Siir?Md° 4^®L^iSli^ ^ ^ honde schulde hardi be bo)?e. ^j^
hSds^?" 372 7*K^ Je cosyn," quoth >e kyng, ^'>at >ou on kyrf
8ettej.^.,.^it'*
& if >au rede^5f^r^t, redlr I trowe, i^

pat \oM schal oyden^ Blffj?at heschal befle aft^."
Gawan got) to W'^mCji wtU^gis^e in honde,
376 & he blldly hym oyde^, he oayst neo^ ^ heloer.

The Green
Knight enquires
tiM name of his

pen carpp^to syr Ghiwan be bmpt in \p grcMK^^
'' Eefonrm^ we o^efOT^aides, er we vfm passoi
Fyrst l^e >e, hl^liow >at >ou h&U^^^^'^^^

TO DEAL THE GBEEN KNIGHT A BLOW. 13

380 fat Jou me telle truly, as I tryst may?" ^/^oJ^^

"In god fayth," quoth >e goode knyjt, "Gawan I hatte, g^P^^Si^^
pat bede >e >is buffet, quat-so bi-faUej after, Z^^^^g^^

& at Jds iyme twelmonyth take at >e ano>iW, f^^^ '^^^^

384 Wytb what weppen so }o\l wylt, & wyth no wyj ell^,
onHpe."
pat ofer onswarej agayn, \
" Sir ^ft^fl^rjo mgt I bryue,

388 As lata^'f^ ^ . Tlieattierth«eof

pis dmt pat you flchal dryfie/'

Uglad.

XVIII.
"Bigog," (^uoth'be grenekny^t, "syr Gkwan^ioelykes, **^i ^?^ ^^
pat I schal fa&P at |yi(ist >at I haf'^^^^ere ; ^^'i^*^*

392 &i2pu li& redily rehersed, bi resoun M trwe, "p^t l^hau re-

C^^>e couena^at IRky^ge asked, gjyflg^; ^^^,

Sm fat you schal mSer me, %ge, by >i trawfe .. j^ KuLik^ef **"
pat you s chal seche me H^elf, wWe-so you herpes

896 I may be funde vpon iSde, & nJSjbesujBh wages

As you deles me to da^bifore fis oouJeTycne." wo'^ln^retm "

"Where schulde I wale be," auoth Gkiuan, "where is **wbere ahau i

, ■ Q 1 ^ ^ geek thee I "says

^^J?y place? ^ SirOawayne;

I wofneu^ where Jypu wBoyes, bi hyi» j^t me wrojt,
400 Ne I know not Je, knyjt, yj cort, ne yi name. , ,

Bot teche meteily }?er-to, & telle me howe you ia^s, ,^ IS^^^Lde
& I schal waie alle my wyt to w;^nne ine )>eder, Sec.»^ ^^ *°*

& Jat I swere ^e for so)>e, & by my ^ek^ trawe}?." [PoI. 96*.]
404 " pat is in-nogh in nwe jer, hit nedes no more,'^..^
Qflwth Je gome in Je grene to Oawan }?e h^e,' ' ^ ^^*
" \^if I ^e telle trwly, quen I Je tape baij^, " when thou

& hou me s^fi6^y hat^ smyten, smaitw I be teche me,** says the

* — * " t ^ I ^ M. knight, **then

408 Of my how#, & my home, & myiL owen nom^ teu i thee of my

», 1. 4^hi. ifc^W^H^^^^V ij homeandnamej

pen may rou myst my Kure, & rorwardej holde^

& if I sjaaeno si)eche, >enne spedej^u >e bettir, JJJ ^J^''^.

e no speche, ^enne sped^J^ou ^e be
For you may'tSg^^y loAde, &Taytno fyrre,
412 bot slokesT^

better for thee.

14

OAWATNE BEHEADS THE GREEN ElYIOHT.

Take now fhr
grim tool, ana let
ns see how thou
knockeBt.**

The Green
Knight

puts his long
loTelyloc](s aside
and lays bare his 420
neck.

ffir Gawayne lets
ftdl his axe,

424

and Beyers the
head from the
body.

Thehead ftaUsto
the earth.

Manykickitaslde 428
with their feet.

Theknii^avrer
fUters;

he rashes forth, j.09
seizes his head, ^^^

steps into the
saddle,

holding the whUe 436
the head in his
hand by the hair.

and tarns his 440
horse about.

[Fol. 97.]

Ta now jij gryimne tole i»be,
& let Be how }ou cdSkI^/^'^
" Gladly eyr, for soje,"
416 Quoth Gawan; his ax he strokes.

XIX. . . i I

The grene knpt ypon groundeigrajjTely hym dresses, *

A litterlMmtA \q hede. l^e ferene diskoo^n^P^
His longo louelych l(^k^nejayd on^ his croun.
Let ]^ naked nee to ^e i&fes^we.
Gaaangripped to his a^l^ gederes hit on hy^t,
pe ray fote (mje^^^ne be-fore sette,
Let hit doim'J^itty lyjt on fe naked,!
pat ^ scharp of ^e iSQSk scli^oe^ J^^^ones,
& schrank Hrj J^e s^^Se gi«oe/& waSemt m twynne,
pat Je texar Jto broun std hot on J^e gronnde.
pe faj^ejiedeiro Je naKe hit [felle] to \q er}>e,
patMehit fi^Secf wyth her fete^berahit forth rokd ;
pe blod brayd fro Je body, )>«t bw^^on J
& €S^£sL3p^^'^redL ne fel Ve ^£eii<
Bot ^tyWy nj^ start forth vpon styf sohi _ _, .
& rufnlyschly lie'^^^out, )?ere as reijkkef stoden,
^i^P^ hM^^^ed, ^ Ivft hit vp i^eT^^^^
& syj^enlw^efto Ids blonfef )^ brydel he eachchef,
Steppej in to stel Wmh strydej alofte,
& his hede|by \q here in his honde halde^ ;
& as'ilaoiy jpe ^segge hyi;» W^^ ^^'^^ ^^'
As non vnliAp hswi hyw f^IecLTj^aj hedle; ho we,*
,-^' *iw steciut^:

He brayde his oluk' aboute,

pat vgly bodi j^t bledde, * ^ f

Moni on of hym had doufe, * I ^-^

Bi J^at his resonn^ were redde.

* he were (?) or nowe (?).

« blunk (?).

^

THE HEAD OPENS ITS EYELIDS.

XX.

444 For )>e hedeiin Ms honde he haldejvp euen
To-ward Je ae3Sre^X)n JTe aice he wessej Je

nieled

Tarte

eue^
face,

& hitLvfte vp \^ yje-lyddej, & loked ful brode,

& ineled \u% much witA his nj3^e> as ?© niay gpwh^i^

G%ya P| |lyou be ^^;^^ ^ as Jou neSejiT
& Tayte asT^^^^fJgu me, maeTfynde,
As jyu hatj €efte1S^is halle, MBKuaSepise knyjtesL^
To }?e erene chapel J^ cWK^I charge Je tx/fotfe/
452 Such ^pSS||t8 ]^a hatf oSOisserued ^ahabbef,
To be fSISrlyjolfte'iiOTi nw jeres mom ;
pe knyjt of Jtc grene chapeLnQ^ ki^i^wen me mony ;
For-j?i me for to fynde if Joumiystei, faylej^ou neo^,
456 J?er-fore com^ ojer recreauitt be calde Je be-hdJCw."
Wtfh a i^XSfiscn rout ]^ raynej he tome;,
^Uedout at ^e hal-dor, his hedijihiE hafide,
pat >e ^FfO;^ ^y^* fl^efro ffoelioufer^*^

^ .,^^^® ^"^°^i kn[e]we ;|^on ]?ere, .

Neuer more ]?en fay wystefram quef enhe wat|wo»nen;
what }?enne?
J?e kyug & Ghiwen }«re,

464 At ^[{^P^^jLl^y ^^^^ ^ g^ne,

Jet breueaw^ hit ful bare,
A m^ruayl among ]h) menne.

16

The head lifts up
UseyelidB,

460 Toquat

and addresses Sir
Gawavne;"Look
thou, be ready to
go as thoa hast
promiied,

aadse^tUlihoa
flndestme.

Get thee to the
Green Chapd,

tiiere to reedve
a blow oa New
Year's mom.

Fail thon nerer ;

Come, or recreant
be called."

Hie Green
Kmght then
rashes out of the
hall, his head in
his hand.

At that green one
Arthur and Ga-
wavne ** laugh
and grin.**

XXI.

pa^ ki\«r ^ hende kyng at hert hade wonder,
468 He let no semblauttt be sene, hot sa^^e ful hy^

To \q comlych quene, wyth o<»rtay8 speche,

" Deredam e, to day deraay yow neu^r ;

Wei by-commes such craft ypon ortiBtmasse,
472 Laykyug of ent^rlude^ to la^e & to syng.

Among Jdse, kynde oaroles of knyf te| ft ladye| ;

Neu^-]^*lece to my mete I may me wel dres.

For I haf sen a selly, I may not for-sake."
476 He glent ypon wyr Oawen, & gaynly he sayde,

Arthur addresses
the queen:

**Dear dame, be
not dismayed;
such marrels
well become the
Christmas fes-
tival;

I may now go to
meat

16 MUCH TALK FOLLOWS THIS ADVENTURE.

^g^ffie " No w syr, heng vp )yyn ax , )>at hatj in-nogh hewen."

*^«-" rp^j gyj T & hit watj don abof )?e dece, on doser to henge,

per alle men for m^mayl myjt on hit loke,
480 & bi trwe tytel ]?^-of to telle Je wonder.
The king and hit penne bay bo^ to a borde Mse bumes to-geder,

knights sit feast- r r J 1 X e> f

till dL ^^ ^****^ ^® ty»g & 1^ gode knyjt, & kene men hem serued
^'^ded. Of alle dayntyej double, as derrest myjt felle,

484 Wyth alle manor of mete & mynstralcie bo)?e ;
Wyth wele wait )?ay ]?at day, til worj^ed an ende,
in londe.
Now heware, Sir Now tenk wol, svrGawan,

Gawayne, lest ^ ""^ ,

thou fidi to seek 488 For woJ?e bat Ion ne wonde,

the adventure j # -j

that thou hast pig auentuTC forto firayn,

taken in hand. ■'^ '' '

pat ^u hat^ tan on honde.

[FYTTE THE SECOKD.]

This marvel fllHIS hanseUtf hat? Arthur of auenturus on fyrst,

serves to keep up ' ■ ' J ^

tiOTJn Surt™' ^^^ ^ pnge ^er, for he jemed jelpyng to here,

Thaj hym wordej were wane, when ]?ay to sete wenten ;
Now ar )?ay stoken of stume werk staf-ful her bond.
Gawan wat^ glad to be-gynne ]^ose gomne^ in halle,
496 Bot J>aj ]?e ende be heuy, hafje no wonder ;

For Jaj man be« mery in mynde, quen )>ay han mayn
drynk.
The year passes A ?ere jemos M jeme, & jeldej neuer lyke,

tuJl quickly and ' ' i ^ e e ^ >

never returns. pe forme to be fynisment foldej ful selden.

500 For-)?i Jis jol ou^-jede, & Je jere aftw,
& Tche sesoun serlepes sued after o}er ;
owSsSS*^^S^ After ciTsten-masse com )?e crabbed lentouw, ^ ^
bed Lenten." -^^ fraystc} ^osch wyth J^e fysche & fode more symple ;

504 Bot )?e»ne ]?e weder of )?e worlde wythwynter^]?repej,
springsetsinand Colde clengej adoun, cloudej vp-lyften,

warm showers

descend ; Schyro schedej ]?e rayn i» schowrej ful warme.

j

DESCRIPTION OF THE SEASONS.

Fallei vpon fayre flat, flowref Jyere Bchewen,
508 Bo)>e groiinde^ & Je grene j |gren e ar her wede^,
Biyddej busken to bylde, & brem^ch syngen,
For solace of }e softe som^ }at sues ]?er-after,
bibonk;
512 & blossame^ bolne to blowe,

£i rawej rycb & ronk, .
pen note; noble in-no^,
Ar herde in wod so wlonk. ^ "^"^^

17

The grovM be-
come green;
Birds Duild and
sing,

for joy of the
rammer that fol-
lows;

Blossoms h^in
to bloom,

and noble notes
are heard in the
woods.
[Fol. 98.]

II.

516 After ]?e sesouii of soqmt wyth }e Boit wynde^
Quen jefertM syfle^ hym-self on sede^ & erbe^,
Wela-wynne is Je wort }at woxes Jer-oute,
Wben }e donkcmae dewe drope^ of ye leue^,

520 To bide a blysful blusch of J^e bry^t sunne.
Bot yen hy^es beruest, & hardenes hjm sone,
Wame^ byi» for ye wynter to wax fiil rype ;
He dryues wyth drojt ye dust for to ryse,

524 Frojbe fSaee of the folde to flyje ful hyje ;

Wro Je wynde of J^ welkyn wrastelej w»tA ye sunne,
pe leue^ lancen fro ye lynde, & lyjten on ye grounde,
& al grayes ye gres, y&t grene wat| ere ;

528 penne al rype^ & rote^ y&t ros ypon fyrst,
& yus pm/d^ye jere in ^isterdayej mony,
& wynter wyndej ajayn, as ye worlde askej
no sage.

532 Til me^el-mas mone,

Watj cujwen wyth wynter wage ;
pen Jenkkej Gawan fiil sone,
Of his aniotM uyage.

After the so(t
winds of summer,

beautiful are the
flowers wet with
dew drops.

But hanrest ap-
proaches soon,

and drives the
dust about.

The leaves diop
off the trees,
the grass be-
comes gray,
and all ripens and
rots.

Winter whids
round again.

and then Sir Ga-
wayne thinks of
his dread jour-
ney.

III.

536 Jet quyl al-hal-day with Axyer he lenges,

& he made a fare on yat fest, for ye freke^ sake,
With much reuel & ryche of Je rounde table ;

On All-hallows
day Arthur
makes a feast for
his nephew's

18 GAWAYNE PREPARES FOR HIS JOURNEY.

Knyjtej ful cortays & comlych ladies,
540 Al for luf of Jat lede in longywge Jay were,

Bot neTwr-]?e-lece ne Jto latw )?ay neuened bot merye,
Mony ioylej for )?at ientyle iapej Jer maden.
GaSroyne**^us^ ^^^ afttor mete, With mowmyng he melej to his erne,
S^ to hi« ^^^ ^ spekej of his passage, & pertly he sayde,
I ^Mk'^uSre*'^ '* Now, lege lorde of my ly^ leue I yow ask ;
y^^ Je knowe Je cost of )?is cace, kepe I no more

To telle yow tenej )?er-of neiwr bot trtfel ;
the mSSr^S ^^® ^0* I aiJa ^ou» to >e bur barely to mome,
^Ji^^ To sech )7e gome of }e grene, as god wyl me wysse.*'

penne }e best of jtc burj bojed to-geder,
Aywan, & Enik, & o}er fal mony,
[Foi. 98».] 552 Syr Doddinaual de Sauage, Je duk of Clarence,
Launcelot, & Lyonel, & Lucan }e gode,
Syr Boos, & sir Byduer, big men bo)?e,
S^oftoS^iSt! * ^^^y ^^^ menskful, with Mador de la Port,
oo^andcom- 555 ^^^ j^ compayny of court com >e kyng nerre,
For to counseyl Je knyjt, with care at her hert ;
pnTaiiTSi^^e P^^^ wat^ much derue^ doel driuen in ]?e sale,

J7at so worthe as Wawan schulde wende on J^at emde,
560 To dry^e a delful dynt, & dele no more
wyth bronde.
pe knyjt mad ay god chere,
& sayde, ** quat schuld I wonde,

O&wftyne de*

dares that he haa 564 Of destines derf & dere,

nothhig to fear.

"What may mon do bot fonde ?"

IV.

On the mom he He dowellej ]?er al Jat day, and dressej on Je mom,
Askej erly hys arme^, & aUe were ]?ay brojt

^^flSLJf"*^ 568 Fyrst a tule tapit, tyjt ouijr >e flet,

& miche wat^ }e gyld gere J^at glent J^er alofte ;

^enmi^^ V^ stif mon steppej Jeron, & Jto stel hondelej,

1 deme (?).

HE 18 DUBBED IN HIS ARMOUR.

19

Dubbed in a dublet of a dere tars,
572 & 8y)?en a crafty capados, closed aloffc,

J?at wyth a bryjt blauwner was bouwden wiiJi-inne ;
petme set Jay Je sabatounj vpon Je segge fotej,
His legej lapped in stel with luflych greue^,
676 With polaynej piched )?er-to, policed fid clene,
Abonte bis knej knaged wyth knotej of golde ;
Queme qnyssewes )?e», )?at coyntlych closed
His thik Jrawen Jyjej, with )?wonges to-tachched ;
580 & syJTen Je brawden bryne of bryjt stel ryngej,
Vmbe-wened )?at wyj, vpon wlonk stuffe ;
& wel bomyet brace vpon his boje armes,
With gode cowters & gay, & glouej of plate,
584 & alle Je godlych gere )?at hjm gayn schulde
Jat tyde ;
Wyth ryche cote annnre,
His gold sporej spend with pryde,
588 Gurde wyth a bront ful sure,

With silk sayn vmbe his syde.

He is dubbed in
a doublet of Tar-
sic silk, and a
well made hood.

They set steel
shoes on his feet,
and lap his legs
in steel greaves.

Fair cuisses en-
close his thighs,

and afterwards
they put on the
steel habergeon,

well-burnished
braces, elbow
pieces, and gloyes
of plate.

Over all this is

placed the coat

armour.

His spurs are

then fixed,

and his sword is

attached to his

side by a silken

girdle.

V.

When he watj hasped in armes, his hamays watj ryche,
J?e lest lachet ou[]7]^ loupe lemed of golde ;

592 So hamayst as he wat^ he herkne^ his masse,
Oflfred & honowred at ]7e heje auter ;
Syjen he comej to ]?e ky»g & to his cort ferej,
Lachej lufly his leue at lordej & ladyej ;

596 & j?ay hym kyst & conueyed, bikende hjm to kryst.
Bi ]7at watj Gryngolet grayth, & gurde with a sadel,
pat glemed fill gayly with mony golde frenges.
Ay quere naylet ful nwe for Jat note ryched ;

600 pe brydel barred a-boute, with bryjt golde bounden ;
pe apparayl of }e payttrure, & of ^e proude skyrtej,
pe cropore, & }e couertor, acorded wyth ]?e arsounej ;
& al watj rayled on red ryche golde naylej,

604 J7at al glytered & glent as glem of }e sunne.

[Fol. 99o.]
Thus arrayed the
knight hears

and afterwards
takes leave of
Arthur and his
court.

By that time his
horse Grbigolet
was ready.

the harness of
which glittered
like the "gleam
of the sun."

1

20 THE PENTANGLE OF PUBE GOLD.

Then Sir Q^ penue heiites he "pe hdme, & hastily hit kysses,

hdmet upon hk J7at watj stapled stiflj, & stoffed wyth-inne ;

fastened behind ^* "^^^ ^^^ ^^ ^ ^®^®' hasped blhynde,

irttt » ««ttri. 508 Vyth a lyjt lyn vrysoun oiwr fe auentayle,
rid^ embrm- Enbrawden & bomtden wyth J^e best gemmef,

On brode sylkyn horde, & brydde^ on semef ,
As papiaye^ paynted p^nyng bitw^ie,
612 Tortors & trolofe^ entayled so j^yk.

As numy bnide ]?er*abonte had ben seuen wynt^r
in tonne;
Theeiideaioiind pe cerdfi wat} moie o prys,

the helmet wss

deeked with dift- 6 1 6 pat Tmbe-dypped hys oronn,

Of diamannte^ a denys,
J7at bo^ were bry^t & broun.

Then they show Th^j^l^yg-iw^-.-;!!.— !.---!*-!^- i^4.«,— ^^-^lU^- — 14. f
him his shield ^ ^

with the "pent- 620 Wvth '
angle" of pure -t -

foM. He braydej hit by )^

J7at bisemed )?e'6(Bgge senjlyly fayre.
wSscCrtsS*^ & iji^tiy \q pentangel apendej to,)?at prynce noble,
iSS^Sttith. ^24 I am in tent jow to telle, >of tary hyt me schnlde ;
Hit is a syngne J^at Salamon set 6um*quyle, '
Lt bytokny ng of traw)^, hi tytle J7at hit habbej,
[FoL 9W.] For hit is a figure Jat haldej t^mq poynte|,

628 & vche lyne ymbe-lappej & loukej in o)?er,
itise^^ the . & ay ^u^ hit is eindele^,* & Englych hit callen
Ou^-al^ as I here, \e endeles knot.
Por-jyy hit ftcordej to \\b knyjt,'& to his clef armej,
632 For^ay faythful in f^e & sere fyue syjej,
thelSd^tooI! Gawan watj for gode knawen, & as golde pnred, ]
^*^^ Voyded of vche vylany, wyth vertuej ennourned[

in mote ;
636 Por-J^y J>e pentangel nwe ;

He her in schelde & cote,

^ eindele}(?).

SIR oawatitb's fattltless chabactbs.

31

As tulk of tale most trwe^
& gentylest knyjt of lote^'*^ ^'* '

a knight the
truest of n>eeoh
and the faireat
of form.

vn.

640 Fyrst he watj fdnden fiBMitle^ i» his fyue wyttej,
& OTeiayl^nen^ he ^oeiae injna fyue ^gres,
& alle his ^ivMce ypon ^otde wat| in )?e fyue woundei
pat cryst ^4jt on j?e croys, as te crede telle j : •

644 & qijere-so-eiwr ]?ys mon in m3ly watj ^&^v^^
His ^(Tpbjt watj in }?at, |S^lle oW ^yn^},
pat alle hisj^snes'he i^n^at }e fyue ioye;, '
pat ^ hende hereon qnene had of hir chylde ;

648 At Jds cause }e kny^t comlyche hade

In Je^orehalf of hi& schelde hjr ymajp depayntedy ,
pat Mien he Husched ]?erto, his yelde nen^ payl^d.
pe fyrst* fyiie ]^at I finde )>at jTe^^k^vsed,

652 "Watj ^iiii^hyse, ^& felajschyp lor-be^ ejL yyng;
His ciannes & his cortavsye croKed were neuer,
& pite, j?at passej ^lle poyntej, jryse pure fyue
"Were harder happed on Jat liajTel JJeii on any ofer.

656 Nowalle)>epe^es^ej,fbrso)7e,werefetledon]7isknyjt,
& Tchpne nalched in o]^ery ]^t non ende hade,
Sff^chetSi v|)^ fyue poyntej, jTat fayld neuer,
Ne s^mned neiur in no^ syde, ne srindred nouber,

660 WitA-outen ende at any noke [a]i quere fynde,
Where-euj?r }e gjtejen bygan, or-glod to an ende.
per-fore on his schene schelde sol^apen ^at^ ^e knot,
pus aUe wyth red golde vpon rede gowlej,

664 pat is }e pure pentaungel wjth^e peple called,
with lore.
Now grayjyed is Gkwan gay,
& lajt his launce ry|t ]?ore,

668 & gef hem alle goud day.

He wende for en^ more.

He iTM found
faultleea in hia
fire wita.

His tnut was in
the llTe wonnda.

The image of the
Virgin ivaa de-
picted upon hia
shield.

In cleanness and
courtesT he waa
never round
wanting,

therefore was tha
endless knot fSist-
ened on his
shield.

[Fol. 100.]

Sir Gawayne
seizes his lanes
and bids all
"good day."

fyft, in MS.

for-bi (?).

22 GAWAYNE SETS OUT ON HIS JOURNEY.

vm.

He BpuM his He spfetred be sted with he spurej, & sprong on his way,

horse and goes on ^.^ ' ^<- j jt // ir o ^#

^ ^ay- So stif Jat Je ston fyr strojpe out )?er-afttfr ;

AU that saw that 672 Al l&t sfii Ht Benily'sykecj i« hart,

seemly one ■* fy -""i l^t ^ < *^\ ^ i ' ' ._

mourned in their & sayde so]?ly al same segges til o]?^, J

Caraiide ^or Jat comly, ** bi kryst, hit is scaj^e,
pat Jou, leude, aph^ be lost, fat art of lyf noble !
Sl7hir^^ 676 To fjTid^ hyB fere'\^on folde, in fayth is not e|eV^
was not to be w arloker to haf wro^t had more wyt bene?

found upon ^^ ' j r

^^^' & haf^^jt pnder dere a duk to haue worJ?ed ;

bl^*b2tterTr ^ Wande leder of ledej in londe. hy w wel semej, .

^L^S m^ 680 &^S9 h^>tt^ haf b^n J^en'britned io nojt,
than to die by the Hadet wyth an aluisch nion, for angardej pryde.
eMsh man."* ^^0 knew eu^ ai;iy Ijywg. such counsel to tak^,

As kny^te; in caiidounj on cryst-masse ^mnej!"
warm ^r*^t ^84 Wel much watj f e warme "^ter ]?at walWe^ of yjen,

goi^ft^meyes y^^^ y^^ g^^^y Syre^/rfro'fo WoAoj' '^'^

>at' ^ye ;
He made non a!foae^
688 Bot wyjtly went hys way,
i'^'Sly"^ ^«^y ^Isi^ way he rode, .

Sir Gawayne. p^ ^^^ ^ j i^g^dc Say.

IX.

Now rides the Now rido^ Ms ronk JniT} he ryalme of Logres, t

knight through ^ ^ ill'/ f^ r/ ' -f t^

E ^ Sd" ^^^ ®^** Gau^ on gpdej halue, Jai hym no Homen )>ojt ; ^
Oft, leudlej alone, he lenge j on nyjtej.

He has no com- V^^ ^® ^^^^.« ^^?* ^7^* ^3^^^ >® f^r^^l ^® J^^f?^ L.

ganion but his ^ado he no fere bot his fole, bi ff^ej J; dounej, '

No men does he ^96 Ne uo gome ^ot gpd, bi 'gate wyth to kaip,
go^el" nSJoi TH >at he nejed ful nogh^^' y^ ^o >e Nor>e Walej ;

Wales. ^2ie J^ iles of Anglesay on lyft half he haldej,

& fare} ou^ Je forde^ by Jtc for-londej,

» >ad, inMS. « nygh^(?).

MANY ADVENTURES BEFALL HIM.

23

}

700 Ou^ at )7e Holy-Hede, til he hade eft bopk >^
I» ]7e jryldrenesse of "Wyrale ; wonde per hot lyte
pat iS]^ei'^dp]^er*^me wyth goud hert lofeed.
& ayiie feiyned, as he^^, at SeKj Jat he met,
704 If ]7ay hade herde any Farp of a knyjt grene,
In anv grouttde )?er-aboute, of ]7e grene chapel;^
& afnyKfed hyw wyth nay, J>at neiwr in her Jyue
J7ay seje neu^ no segge ]7at watj of suche hwej
708 of grene.

pe knyjt tok V^tes straunge,
Iw mony a bon^ Ti&Kaej'^'/^
His cher fol oft 6on chauwge,
712 J7at chapel et he my jt sene.

From Holyliead
he passes into
Wirral.

rFol.lOOft.1
There he nnds
butfew that loved
God or man.

He enquires aftor
the Oreen Knight
of the Green
Chapel,

but can gain no
tidings of him.

His cheer oft
changed before
he found the
Chapel.

Mony klyf he ou^r-clambe i» contraye^ strauwge,
Per floten i^o\is frendej fremeoly he rydej ;
At vche wZc^e ojer wat^r Jer Je wyje passed,

716 He fonde a foo hjm byfore, bot reny hit were^
& )>at so foule & so feUe^at fejt hjm by-hoae ;
So mony m^^niayl bi mount }er Je mon fjrndejj
Hit were to lore for to teUe of }e tenJTe dole.

720 Sumwhyle wyth WOTmej l^g werrej, & with WQlae| <
Snmwhyle wyth wodwos, Jat woned in J>e k^a^j,
Bote wyth bidlej & berej,.&^1)brej o]7^5^yl]^

t^S-ynej, y&t hjm a-nglede, of Je h^je ^lle ;
ade he ben dujty & 3ry^e)^ & 4^jtyh had serued,
Douteles he bade ben ded. & dreped ful ofte.
For 'w'erre wrathed hy w not so much, jyat yr

wors,
"When ]?e colde cler wat^ firp te cj^oudej schadden,
728 & fres er hit faJle myjt to jyefale erje ;

INerslayn wyth ^ slete he sloped in his ymes,
Mo ny^te^ }en in-nogh^ in naked rokke^.

Many a cliff he
• climbed over ;

Many a ford and
streun he cross-
ed, and every-
where he found a
foe.

It were too tedi-
ous to tell the
tenth part of his
adventures,

with serpents,
wolves, and wild
men;

with bulls, bears,
and boars.

Had he not be«i
both brave and
good, doubtless
he had been dead.

jh, bat Wynt^ was The sharp winter
was far worse
thanany war that
ever troubled
him.

clapel, in MS.

24 OAWATNE GOMES TO A DEEP FOREST.

per as chterkoM fro ]ye crest ]ye eoMe Boma renne^
732 & henged he^e oner his hede in liard ysse-ikMes.
Sl^iltif^irt! P^ wi peryl,^&||^e, & plytes M harde,
in«»-eve. gj (Hmtni/lfaiyej^ ^y|t> Jyl kryst-Baasse eaen,

al %ine ;
736 pe knyjt wel J^at tf de,

^^a^S^to . ToMarym^liii^moiie,

Sr abSe? pat ho pm lei t^) ryde,

[Foi. 101.] & wysse hym to eum wone.

XI.

On the mom Sir 740 Bi a motiwte on )?e momejaerylj^he rydes,
MmscJfin a deep Into a forost M dep, fat ferly wat^jrylde,

Hije hillej on vch^ a l^ue, & fioltwodej vnder,
where were old Of hore okej f ul hogo^ a hnndreth to-gader ;

oaks many a ^ « •fc^*-^'^*^

hundred. 744 pe hasel & )>e haj-JH)me werej^led al samen^

With roje raged mosse r^ed ay-where,
m^^hS? t^n With mony bif^SSej vnblyj?e ypon baje^twygea^

F^e^i^?*^^ J7at pitosly ]?er piped for pyne of }e colde.

748 pe gome vpon Gryngolet glydej hem Tnder,
Thfough manr a DuT? monv misY'& myre, mow al njm one, ,

mirehegoee.t£at ^ ' , / , . *^/^> , 'x v A'^-^'^\.'' 1:1

he may celebrate Garande for his costes, lest he ne xeiwr Bohnlde,

the birth of /^ j , . r ' '

Christ. To se ]?e peruy * of J^at syre, }ft on J?at self nyjt

752 Of a iSiirde Vatj home, onre fa^t to quelle ;
He^je^heathe & Jerfore syjbjfng lie sayde, ** I be-eeche Je, Iwde,
w^iSdSiS * ^"^' ^* ^ myldest mo^e^ so dere,

hi? maw."**'' ^ ^^ h^ber, J?er lie^y' 3f 'myjt here masse.

766 Ande Jy inatyn^ to-mome, mekely I ask,
& J>er-to prestly Fpray my pat^ & ane,
& crede.*'
He rode in his prayere,
760 & ciryed for Ids mysdede. Z^^* ^

Blessing himself, -rr j i_' • Hv'-'"'^ '/- 5^^

he says, "Crosi He sayned hym in sypes sere,

^f^Christ, speed ^ ^^^^ ,, ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^^ p,

1 8eruyce(?),

HE BISOOYBRS A COMELY CASTLE.

25

764 Er lie w;

Abof a

Nade he sajB^yiw-sel^ ®®^^^^^X^ (/
""- ^- watj war in te wod of a;wxm in a mote. .

Ja^ide, ozL alawe, loken ynder bojef, /

Of moiiy S^Syoli oShdl abonte bi ]?e dicb^s : >
A cf^tel ]>e cpmlokest ]?at eu^ kny^t i^te^ ^
768 ^e^^^j«r^y«e, aj;;^^ ^te,

j7at Tmbe-tefe mony tre mo ]^*Jwo mjle- y
j7at d^Sb on^GSL Byde ]76 ^pel aaiie^ ^ '" ^/
772 As bit scbemered & s/^j^i^ i'^ J'O sci]^<e oke| ;

j7enne bai^ ben^p^ or bis belme, & be|ly-be jH>nkef
Jesus & Bl^nt] di^yan, J7at fi$9fylo ar bo];e,
j7at cortaysly bade bym*Sy^§ « bis cry berkened.
"Nowbonphostel,"coj7e]?ebume,"Ibe-8ecbeyo.wietter'
J7eniie gecG5^be.to i&ryngolet wit^ J^e fdlt be W j
& be fill <^uncely bat} cbosen to J7e chef gate,
j7at brojt Inreml^'Je Burne to JenSry^J^nde,
inbastej^ i^.j-^^j
j7e bryge wauDr^pm* ^brayde,
j7e jatej wer slokeii laste,
pe wallej ^tre wel arayed,
784 Hitlrat no wyndej blaste.

Searoelf had 1m

blessed himself
thrice,

vhen he taw a
dwelling ia the
wood, set on a
hiU,

the comeliest
castle he hadever
faehdd.

It shone as the
sua through the
bright oaks.

776

780

[FcL 101».]

f^Gawaynegoes
to the ehief gate.

and finds the
draw-bridge
raised, and the
gates shnt fast.

XIII.

M^

J7e bume bode on bonk, ]?at on blonk boned.
Of ]?e depe double dicb ]^t drof to ]^e place,
J7e walle wSi in ]?e wat^ wonderij^ depe,

788 Ande eft a ful buge be|t bit IMed^T^on lofte,
Of bardebewen ston vp to J^e tablej,
EnbaneoVnderJe abataylment, in ]?e best \smQ ;
& sy^n gfi^jSil gaye cSSJoi-twene,

792 Wytb monyjuflyob wupe^at louked ful clene ;
A bett^ b?ibicaii J7at bSne bluscbed vpon neu^ ;
& innermore be be-belde ]7at balle ful by^e,

ThekaightabidM
on the bank.

and obsenres the
<< huge height,**

with its battle-
ments and wateh
towers.

26 THE KNIGHT CRAVES A LODGING.

Bright and long Towre feldecl bvtwene trocliet M Mk,

■were its roimd Li^^^^^iM fr«^^ , \

towers, 796 Fayrefylyolej >afcJ^gL^ferlyly long,

SiS *^®itJI^' With comon coproxmes, craftylyBle^T"'''"^
Chalk whyt chymnees J^er chej he iw-noje,
Vpon bastel4oiie*j, J^at b^EBdlEul quyte ;
800 So mony pynakle payntgt^tj poudred ay quere.
Among he castefcaineTej, clambred so J?ik,
j7at pared out of papure purely hit semed.
Son^ he'"^ Pe fre freke on >e Me hit fayr in-n[o]ghe fojt,
^fwJittte "^"^ 804 If he myjt keuiw to com >e cloyst^ wyth-i«ne,
cloister. rp^ ^^j.^^^, j^ ^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^ halyday lested

auinant;
He calls, andsoon * He calde, & sono l^er com

there comes a ^^^ . , _ ,

porter to know 808 A portcr puxe plesaunt,

the knight's er- ^ ^, , , . , ,

rand. On pe wal hiB emd he nome,

& haylsed )?e knyjt errauwt.

"Good sir,»» says -oj. t .

G^wayne, ** ask

toe ^gh lord of " Gjodc syr/' quoth Gawan, **wolde) ]?<?u g o myn emde,

gant me a lodg- 812 To ]?e hej lorde of ]?is how«, herber to craue ?"

[Foi. 102.] " Je, Pet^," qwo^A J^e port^, ** & purely I trowe/

come to dweu fat JO be, wyje, welcuw to won quyle yow lykej."

here as long as -, jtl V ^"

youiike,»repUed Ven iecLe vot wviB a^ayu swype,

the porter.

816 & folke frely hyw wyth, to fonge J^e knyjt;

te^lt^^!^^ pay let dou» >e grete drajt, & derely out jeden,
& kneled dou» on her knes vpon }e colde erjye.
To welciww J?is ilk wyj, as worjy horn )K)jt ; .

o°^n^ w^to^ 820 pay golden hyw )?e brode jate, parked vp wyde,

receive him. ^ j^^ j^em raysed rekenly, & rod ou«r J^e brygge ;

Sere seggej hyw sesed by sadel, quel* he lyjt,

Shted?* ^^^ & sy>eii stabeled his stede stif me» i»-noje.

S^^hSgOft- 824 Knyjtej & swyerej comen douw J^ewne,

ST^ into the j,^y ^ i^^^g ^^ ^^jj^gS ^j^ yyg y^^^ ^^^ .

tew ^to Ske bis Queu he hcf vp his helme, J^er hijed i»-noghtf

* trowoe, MS. ' quyle (?) or (quen?). ' buume, MS.

HE IS JOYFULLY WELCOMED. 27

For to lient hit at his honde, be hende to semen, beimet uui

iwoni.

828 Bos bronde & his blasoun bo]7e J^ay token.

pen baylsed lie M bendly J70 haj?elej vcb one,
& mony proud mon ]^r prised, J^at prynce to bonotir ;
Alle hasped in his he^ wede to halle ]7ay hym wonnen,
832 per fayre fyre ypon flet fersly brenned.

peime Je lorde of }e lede loute; fro his chambie, SSit^wdl 1^

For to mete wyth menske fe mon on fe flor ; weioome,

He sayde, '^ ar welcum to welde as yov lyke^,
836 j7at here is, al is jowre awen, to haue at yowre wylle
& welde."
" Graufit mercy," quoth Gawayn,
" j7er kryst hi t yoy for-^elde,"
840 As freke^ J^at semed fayn, andtheremt

. - - . ... eaeh otbor.

Aj]^er oper in armej co» felde.

XV.

Gkiwayn glyjt on J?e gome J^at godly hjm gret, ^w??* t^^

& Jmjt hit a bolde bnme J?at J^e bur^ a^te, i^JdL^^ ^"* ^*
844 A hoge h&j^l for }e none^, & of hygh^ elde ;^

Brode bryjt watj his berde, & al beu^r hwed, ^i^'^^JSJ

Stume stif on fe stryJ^J^e on stalworth schonkej,

FeUe fece as >e fyre, & fre of hys speche ; J^eu wth^"
848 & wel hyw semed for soj^e, as }e segge Jmjt,

To lede a lortschyp in lee of leude| ful gode.

pe lorde hyw charred to a chambre, & chefly'cumannde^ th*'i'Sd*iLd«

To delyuflr hym a leude, hym lojly to serue ; ^SmJ^ ^d

862 & Jere were bonn at his bode bnmej in-noje, to%tu^* EST

j7at bro|t hym to a bry^t boure, }er beddyng wat; noble, in this bright

Of cortynes of dene sylk, wyth cler golde hemme^, bedding;

& cou^rtorej ful curious, with comlych panej, Thecurtainswere

866 Of bryjt blaunni^ a-boue enbrawded bisydej, golden hems;

Eudelej rennande on ropej, red golde ryngej, ,j^^^^ tapestries

Tapytej ty?t to >e woje, of tuly & tars, Sd'SSS^

1 eldee, MS. > desly, MS.

28 GAWATNB DOFFS HIS ARMOUR.

& ynder fete, on ]?e flet, of folfande snte.
° flfed*id8^5^* »60 pev he watj dispoyled, wjth spechej of my^>e,
"***"' pe bum of his bnmy, & of his bryjt wedej;

■adjput on rieh Rycbe Tobes ful tad renkkej bem* brojtai,

For to charge, and to channge, & chose of the best.
864 Sone as he on bent, & happed J^^-inne,

j7at sete on hym* semly, wyth saylande slEyrte^
M!m?hS? ^ P^ '^er by his nisage verayly hit semed

"Wei nej to vche ha)? el alle on hwes,
868 Lowande & Infly, alle his lymmef Tnder,
knight Christ* ' fat a comlokor knyjt nen^ kryst made,

nerermade. _ , ^

hem pojt;
Whe}?en in worlde he were,
872 Hit semed as he my^t

Be prynce wttA-onten pere,
In felde J?^ felle mew fyjt.

XVI.
A chair is placed A cheyOT by-fore he chemn^, h&r charcole brenned,

for Sir Gawi^ne >f ^ j * *

^m the if*- 876 Watj gray}?ed for syr Gawan, grayjely with clo]?e^

Whyssynes vpon queldepoyntw, )^t] koy»t wer bo^ ;
A mantle of int & yenuQ a mere mantyle watj on J^at mon cast,

Hnen. richly dk*

teoidered, is Of a bioufi bleeaiiwt, enbrauded ful ryche,

thrown oyer him.

880 & fayre furred wyth-iwne w»tA fellej of Je best,
Alle of ermyn in erde, his bode of ]^ same ;
& he sete in ]7at settel semlych ryche,
& achaufed hym chefly,' & J^enne his cher mended.
A^ie is soon 334 g^^g ^^^ tdded vp a tapitj on trestej ful fayre,
and the knight, . Clad wyth a dene cloj^e, \d.t cler quyt schewed^
proM^^ Sanap, & salure, & sylu^-in spone^ ;

' [Foi. 10s.] pe wy;e wesche at his wyUe, & went to his mete.
883 Seggej hym serued semly in-no^,
ral!l!^i^hM) Wyth sere sewes & sete,* sesounde of >e best,

> hym (?). » hyn, in MS. » cefly, in MS. * ewete (?).

HE IS NOBLY ENTERTAINED.

with fish baked
and broiled,
<nr boiled and aea-
sonedwithspioee.

Double felde, as bit fallen, & fde kyn fiscbe^ ;
Summe baken in bred, sruwine brad on J^e gledej,
892 Samme so]?en, eamme in sewe, sau^red with spyces,
& ay sawes' so alejej, fat }e segge lyked.
pe fireke calde hit a fest fill frely & ofte,

Ful hendely, quen alle Jtc ba)?eles re-hayted hy«» at onej 2^^^^^^* ^*
896 as bende ;

" pis penauwce now je take,
& eft bit schal amende i"
J7at mon mucb m^J^e con make,
900 For wy» in bis bed J?at wende.

and nraeh mirth
he makea, for the
wine is in his

XYIL

penne watj spyed & spured vpon spare wyse,

Bi preue poyntej of J?at prynce, put to bywi-seluen,

j7at be be-knew cortaysly of Je court ]?at be were,

904 j7at afel Artbure J^e bende baldej byw one,
j7at is }?e rycbe ryal kyng of J?e rouwde table ;
& bit watj Wawen bym-self J?at in J^at won syttej,
Comen to J?at krystmasse, as case byw J?en lymped.

908 Wlien J7e lorde bade lemed J?at be }e leude bade,
Londe lajed be J^^rat, so lef bit hjm ]>ojt,
& alle J^e men in J?at mote maden mucb joye.
To apere in bis presense prestly fat tyme,

912 j7at alle prys, & prowes, & pured J^ewes
Apendes to bys persoun, & praysed is eu^,
Byfore alle men vpon molde, bis mensk is J^e most
Vcb segge ful softly sayde to bis fere,

916 "Now scbal we semlycb se slejtej of J?ewe},
& J7e teccbeles termes of talkyng noble,
"Wicb spede is in specbe, vnspurd may we leme,
Syn we baf f onged ]?at fjnie fader of nurture ;

920 God batj geuen vtw bis grace godly for soJ?e,
J7at sucb a gest as Guwan graunte^ Ym to baue.

Sir Gawayne, in
answer to ques-
tions put to nim,

trils the prince
that he is of
Arthur's court.

When this wa
made known.

great was the joy
mthehaU.

Each one said
softly to his mate,

«*Now we shaU
see courteous
manners and hear
noble qpeeoh^

for we hare
amongirt us the
*f!&ther of nur-
ture.'

(?).

30 DESCElPnON OF AN ANCIENT ONE.

When bumej blyfe of his biir}?e schal sitte

&Bynge.

924

In menyng of man^re^ mere,

[FoL 1086.]

pia bume now schal vim bryngi

He that may him
hearshaUleaniof
lOYe-taUdng."

I hope }&t may hjm here,
Schal leme of luf-talkyng."

xvin.

,.c

After dbuier
oompanv go to

the 928 Bi bat be diner watj done, & be ^ere vp,

oompany go to *V'** ^ i *

the ^pe^ Hit watj ne j at }e niyjt nejed fe tyme ;

Chaplaynej to J?e chapeles chosen J^ gate, ^
Etingen fdl r^chely, ry^t as J^ay schulden,

Son Tf Se giSt ^^^ -^^ f® herspw enensong of }e hyje tyde. '

'*"»***^ pe lorde lOutes )?erto, & J?e lady als,

In-to a ^omly closet Coyntiy \o entrej ;
GhLwan ^ jdej fiil gay, & gos J?ed(^ sone ;
936 pC'lorde laches hym by }e lappe, & lede| hym to sytte,
& cou]7ly hym knowej, & callej hjm his nome,
& sayde he watj J^e welcomest 'wyjpof J?e ;>^3plde ;

The lord of the & he hyw )K)nkked J^roly, & B.j]^er halched oj?er,

Gawayne edt to- 940 & scten sobcrl^ samen }e seruise-quyle ;

Service. ^"^^^ Jjenne Ivst be lady to loke on be knyjV^^

His wife, aecom- penne com no of hir closet, with monj cler burden,

panied by her ''^ Z>.

maids, leaves her Ho TOtj J?e fayrest in felle, of flesche & of lyiyj"-"^^^

944 & of tiBompai^ &^colot«r, &^cost^s of ajle other,
??^*85^h«n * ^feaer f ^n Wenore, a]B> wyp >ojt. , ^ / .^ .. ^
Guenever. ^e ches J^UT} J?e chaunsel, to cheryche J^at hende ;

fSdi^o^'iS ^ o}eT kdy hir lad bi >e lyft honde,
Jy SS^Lu^ ^^ ^^^ P^^ ^^^ ^^®^ I^®^ V> ^"^ aunciaii hit semed,

& he^y honowred with hsij^eles abonte.
ttwe^rS"^*" Bot Tn-lyke on to lol^e J^o ladyes were,
^irZStSS ^^^ ^ J'® ^^nge watj *^ep, plje watj >at o>^ ;
was yeUow, 952 Biche red on J^at on rayled ay qnere,
!^d ^!^SF^ ^^S^ r^nHed chekej >at o}er on roUed ;

cheeks. Kerchofos of fat on wy th mony cler perlej

bmt^i^PSroi^ Hir brest & hir bry^t ]7rote bare displayed,

HEB EYES WERE BLEARED.

31

956 Schon schyrer J?en sna'w^e, J?at eckedpr* on luUej^ j
j7at ohiS^.wjth. a girgir watj gered ou^ J?e swyre, » -^
ciyMiiJi oufT liir blake chyn w»U mylk-quyte vayies,
'EirjUoxmi folaen in sylt, enfoubled ay quere,

960 "1?orer& tr^eted^ with trjrflej aboute,

j7at iiojt wat} bare of f atlE>\^^ bot }e blake brojes,

lyppe^

^ered;

pe tweyne yjen, & }?e iiase,_be nak(
& J?ose weye'^o^^Jo s€^ &rse
964 A^inensK^laiy on ^iSSe mS»inay hir calle,
for ^de ;
Hir body watj schorf; & J^ik,
Hir bnttokej Day, & brode,
968 More Ij^er-wys on to ly^,

Watj J^at scho bade on We.

"bare diiplsy-
ed."

The andent one
exposed only her
** black brows,**
[ToL 104.]

her two eyee.
nose, and naked
lips, all sour and
bleared.

Her body was
short and thick ;
her buttocks
broad and round.

XIX.

When Gawayn.glyjt on J?at gay, ]^at gradpuslj loked,
Wyth leuelajt pfl?e Igrde be went bem ajaynes ;

972 pe alder be taylses, hel3ande M lowe,

pe loueloker he lappej a lyttel in armej, ,-, ,

He kysses bir comlyly, & knyjtly be mfelej ;

pay kallen bym of a quoyntaunce, & be bit qnyk aske;

976 To be ber seruauwt sotbly, if bem-self lyked.

pajtsja. Djm bytwei^e.beni, vytb talkywg byw leden
To cbambre, to cteain^, & cbefly J?ay asken
Spycej, >^t Vn^spjwely mew speded bom to brywg,

980 & }?e wy»ne^lycb wyne ^^er-wiUi vcbe tyme.
pe lordejuflycb aloft lepej ful ofte,
Myw^d m^rtbe to be made vpon mony syjej.
Hent ne^^wbis bode, & on a spere benged,

984 & wayiiJa bom to wywne be worcbip J?er-of, ^ .
pat most myije myjt iiene' }at crystenmas wbyle ;
** & J scbal fonde, bi mjr faytb, to lylwr' wytb J^e best,
Er me wont ]?e ^eedej, w»tA help of my frendej.'*

With permission
of the lord,

Sir Gawayne sa-
lutes the elder,

but the younger
he kisses.

and begs to be
her servant.

To chamber all
go,

where spices and
wine are served.

The lord takes off
his hood and
places it on a
spear.

He who makes
most mirth is to
win it.

schedes (?}.

treieted (?).

meue(?).

82

Night appi
es, and uien

Sir Gawayne
takes his leaTB
and retires to
rest.

THE JOY ON CHBlSTlfAS MORN.

988 pM wyth la^de lote^ J^e lorde hit tayt' make^
For to glade syr Gawayn wtt^ gomne} \» halle
J«t ny jt ;
Til ]?at hit wat^ tyme,
992 j7e kjng comaundet lyjt, ^ /

Syr Gkiwen his leue con nyme,
& to his hed hyw £jt.

On CSuistmas

joy reigns in
every dweUing in
the world.
So did it in the
castle where our
knight abode.
[Fol. 104fr.]

996

1000

Thelordand**the
old ancient wiib"
sit together.

Gawajrne rite by

the wife of
host.

1004

It were too tedi-
ous to ten <tf the
meat, the mirth,
or the joy that
abounded eyery-
where.

1008

Gawayne and his
beautmil com-
panion derire
much comfort
£rem each other's 1012
conyexBatioD. *va^

Trumpets and 1016
nakers giro forth
fheir sounds.

XX.

On }'e mome, as ych mon myne^ J^at tyme,
pat dryjtyn for onre desty^^ to ^je watj home,
"WeRjpraxej i» vche a won i» Voride, fbr his sake ;
So did hit J^ere on j^at day, J^ur^ dayntes mony ;
Bo^ f^ mes & at mel^, messes ixH quaynt
Berf men ypon dece drest of j^e hest.
pe olde auwQjan wyf heiest ho syttej ;
pe lorde Itifly W by ient,^ as I trowe ;
Gdwan^& }^e gay biirde to-gedei: J^ays^ten,
£uen in-mydde|, as ]7e messe zi&tel;f cotne ;
& sy]?en J^ur^ al j^e^sale/as hem hestsemed,
Bi Yche grbme at his degre ^ayjidj wat^ serued.
per watj mete, J?er watj myrjpa^ J?^ watj muoh ioye,
pat for to telle ]?erof hit me tene'were, , ^ , t,^
& to poynte hit jet I pyned me^#ra§entuie ;
Bot jet I wot J^at Wawen & J>e wal^ l^nrde
Such contort of her compaynye cajtelijK)-geder,
purj her^eire dalyauwccj^ her ^^ne wordej,
Wyth clone cortays carp, closed fro fyiye ;
& hor play watj passande yche prynce gomen,
in yayres ;

Tra»ip^ & nakerys/

Much pypy wg ier repayres^

Vche mow tented hy%

& J^ay two tented }ayres.

layt(?.).

THE FEAST OF ST. JOHN S DAY.

33

1020

Great was the joy
for three days.

St. John's-day
was the last of
Christinas fes-
tival.

1024

1028

1032

1036

1040

1044

XXI.

Much ttut watj J?ej dryuen jyt day & J?at o^er,

& Jtg }?ryd as J^ro jronge in Jyerafb^ ;

pe 4oje of sayn[t] Vp^si day wat j g^ntyle to here,

& watj J^e last of J?€fla]^', jfeuiaef far J?o^ten.

Jjer TOr gestes to go vjoon be^gray mome,

jFOT-^wonde^!^ay woKeJ&hp wyn dronken,

Datmsed ftd ©9^ wyth'dere carolej^

At }e last, when hit wat^ late, J?ay lacfhen her^leue, Smy^of «w~^

Vchon to wende on his way, fat watj wyje'a^o|Lge. SS^rture fh)m

Gawan gef h.jm god-day, J?e god mon hjm lacnchej, ® *^ ®*

Ledes hjm to his awen cham^re, J^e chywn^ bysyde,

& fere he dmjej h\m on-^ry^e, & derely hym bonkkej,

Of fe wy^!e woMchip & * he hjm w^ned hade,

As to honot«r his hcMip on J?at hy^e Jyde,

& ^Jbelyse fiis burj wVtA his pelp yhere.

"I-wysse syr, quyl I leue, me worfej fe better,

j?at G^wayn hatj ben my gest, at goddej awen fest." [FoI. los.]

^^ Grant merci* syr," quoth Gawayn, **i« god fayth

hit is yowrej, ^ v - . ♦ /

Al fe honowr is yowr awen, fe he^e ky»g^w jelde ;. .
& I am wyje* at yowr wylle, tg woreh yowre best,
As I am halden j?^-to, in hy^e & in loje,
bi rijt."

j?elorde fast can hym payne,

To holde longer fe knyjt.

To hyw answrej Gawayn,

Bi non way J?at he my^t.

Sir Gawarne is
thanked by hia
host for the hon-
our and pleasure
of his visit.

He endeavours to
keep the knight
at his court.

. , XXII.

Then fraynedffe freke ful fayre at him-seluen,

iQk^w<..A '<- '•' J . know what hi

Quat ofeme^ dede had hym diynen, at fat dere tyme, driven sir oa-
1048 So kenly fro fe kyngej kourt.to^^ftyre a]L his one,
Er fe halidayej holly werenalet Out of toun ?

He desires to
know what had
driven Sir Oa-
wayne from Ar-
thur's court be-
fore the end of
the Christmas
holidays.

>at (?).

* nerci, in MS.

' derue (?).

34 OAWAYNE INQUIRES ABOUT THE GREEN CHAPEL.

The knight re- "rorBo}?eBjrr,"qwo^A]7e8egge, '^jesaynbot J^trawfe;

errand and a A lie^e emdo & a hastv me hade fro ho -wtmej',

hasty one" had ' "^ in

forced him to 1052 FfiT I am Biuniied my selfe to Bech to a place,

leave the oonrt. *^ /W>^<T^ <• ■ '* w »* .

I wot^^ wqf Ide wed^f wafde'^x) wende, hit to fynde ;
1 nolde, hot if I hit negfe myjt on nwjeres mome,
!^or alle he londe in-wyth Logres, so me oure lorde help !
1056 For-J^y, syr, Job enquest I require yow here, I

whe^AOT^ ^Ub P** ^® °^® ^^® ^*^ trawthe, if euer je tale herde 1

Grcen ch?^',**** ^ 1^ S^e^® chapel, qnere hit on grotwde stondej,

& of J?e knyjt J^at hit kepes, of colpwrof grene ?
1060 'per watj stabled bi statutna stgEu^^^JM J^-twene,
for he has to be To mete }?at mon at J^ot'fcere^.jtf 1 myjt last ;

Year'8-day. & of J^at ilk nwjere hot ie^ednow wontej,

& I wolde loke on J?at lfeae,"^if god me let wolde, . j
1064^G;ladlo^er, bi eodde^ sun, yen any ^SowelSe ^^j . _ , ^
jjorja, I-TOB8e.nfijowre wylle, wende me oi-noues.
He would as lief l^af I BOW to busy bot bpre Ire daye?,

die as faU in his .^ >- ^ j^* / -^ "

etrand. & me als fayn to falle feye as fayl^gf myyn emda." .

sb Gawa**e that ' ^^^ penne lajande qt^ofii J?e lorde, *lnow leng J?e by-houes,
^e^^a^^** ^^^ ^^^ ^ ®^^^ TOche yow to J»[t] tSSe W>^ tymej ende,

pe grene chapayle vpon groundp, gfej^ jow no more ;
Bot je sch^ be in yowra bed, bnme, at \jn ese,
1072 Qnyfe forth d^yej, &fek on )?e fyrst of )?e jere,
[Foi. 1056.] & cum to J?at riierk at mydmorn, to make quat yow likej

in spjewnfe;

1076

Dow^I^j "^^hyl^ new jeres daye,
&^s, & ra/kej J^e^ne,

te*^n^^i?thMi Mon schal yow sette in waye,

the* castle! "* Hit is not two mylo henne."

XXIII. .

Then was Ga- penne watj Gawan fiil glad, & gomenly he lajed, —

1080 " Ifow I bonk jpw ]7r^toafly J^ifrj alle o\er J^ynge,
and consents to Kow acheued is my chj^iince, I schal at yot^ wylle

the castle. ^ * DowoUe, & ellej do quat je demon."

1 not (?).

HE MAKES A BARGAIN WITH HIS HOST. 35

penne sesed ^J^ijMYPf & set hym byf^de,

1 084 Let >e ladiej be^eTto l^^e hem f e better ; ^^ " ^

per watj seme^^ ^b£ Jaep^:j^ stille ; ~^~^ ^*°*'

j?e lorde leTferluf lotej bo myry, . ^^
As wyj pagFolge of his wyte, lie wyst quat he myjt.

1088 j?eiine he cc^g4 to }?e kny^t, criande loude,

, " jejian dein^to do be dede kit I bidde ; cattle a«k»^the *

Wyl je halde pis liedLt J here at J^ys onej r ' him one request ;

" Je 8j^, for-Q^" siiyd f§^se^ ^'^f'uv-vt

1092 "Whyl I \^6Bin yotwre bor^e, be bayn to pw[r]e
best." , .... ,

"rorioh^^te^toled,"qiw^A]?et\ilk "towenfrofcarg,
& ^pei waked me wyth, je am not wel watysf,
'Naayer of cMstnaunce ne of slepe, 8o]?ly I knowe ; ,^^^ ^^ ^^ ^^^^

1096 Je schal leig|^» yowr lofl^&^lyje in your ese^^ ^^^ ^^'

To mom qnSfe J?e messe-quyle, & to mote wende, *^*»
Whence wyl, wyth my wyf, j?at wyth jow schal sitte, mMit*5rtth ^***
& comfort yow with compayny- til I to cort tome, ^*"*
1100 JeleMef

& I schal erly ryse, ^^^

On hn»tywg wyl I wAide."

1104 Hym heldande, as J?e henSe.

XXIV.

" ?et firre," qtwth >e freke, " a forwarae y^^ make : "whatsoever,"

' > 1 ./ > .^,. ' # ' says the host, "I

Qnat-so^n^I wy»ne in }e wod,,hit worj^ej to yowrej, ^^2,^*^® ^°^
& quat 6iek so ^e acheue, chan^ge me ]?er-fome; and what check

^,-_ « . '~^- .,, - - you achieve shall

1108 Swete, swwwe s^ fJWf Y^ trawpe, be mine.»»

QueJ?^, lendeTso l^mp lore 6]^er bett^." f^

"Bi god ,*^ quoth Gawayn J^e gode, " J,^r<mt J^^r-tyil^,
& ]?at Toylyst for to layke, let hit me ypiken* [FoL loe.]

1112 «*Who bryngej vim >is beu^rago, >is bargayn is^^^^hSi^*
maked:" i . ' >*

So sayde }?e lorde of J?at rede ; J?ay la^ed vchone,

36 PREPARATIONS FOR THE CHASE.

pSLj dronken, & daylyei3en, & dalten vntyjtel,*'^
piee lordej and Jad^^ 3^^^ J'^* J^mlyked ;
1116 & syf en wtU fifeikyscty^^

fay stoden, &%^i^*tf,'^& j^fl^peken,
KJ-sten fill comlyly, & faj^n her lene^
and each "to hS With mony leude ful lyjt, & lemaade torches,

at the last." 11 20 Vche 1)ume to his hed watj hrojt at J^e laste,

ful softe ; J
To hed jet er J?ay je^, '
Eecorded coifenauwtej offce ;
1124 pf olde lords of J^at^lejide,*

Cbwje wel halde lafyi, a-lofte.

[FTTTE THE THIRD.]

I.

iav-hreak li'^UL erly hifore )?e day J?e folk vp-rysen,

-*- ^estes jffit go wolde, hor grqmej J?ay calden,
saddle their 1128 & bay busken vp bilyue, blonkkej to sadel,

horses, and truss rdi ' ^* * . t "^ i ' ' '

their mails. Tjffen he[r] takles, tmssen her males,

Eicten hem J?e rychest, to ryde alle arayde,
Lepen vp lyjtly, lachen her.hrydeles,

u^pfe^'him'^ ^^^2 ^^^® ^?® ^^ ^s ^^7' K V»^ ^^1 lyked.

The^ noble lord fe-leue lorde of >e londe watj not |^e.last,

™yf MmTeff for" ^-rayed for >a rydywg, with fentkerful mony ;

He'la'ts a sop ^^ ^ sop hastyly, when he hjade herde masse,^ *

?o m^s.^* ^"^ 1136 WitJi bu^le to bent felde he buske/ty-ly^eV

Before day-light By jfot ]>at any day-lyjt lemed vpon erj?e,

are on their ^° He with his ha}7eles on h^je horsses werpa.

Then the hounds fewne Mse cacheres tat doiibe, cowpled hor houwdej,

are called out and

coupled. 1140 Vnclosed ^e kenel dore,^& calde hem J^^-oute,

Three short notes Blwe byglv in bugle^ bre bare motb ;

are blown by the , . ,4f J & ? / »

bu&ies. Braches bayed j>erfoTe, & breme noyse maked,

> vntyl nyjte (?). « lede (?),

THE HUNTING OF THE DEER.

37

& JTay chastysed, & charred, on chasywg J?at went ;
1 144 A hundreth of hunt^es, as I haf herde telle,

J

1148

To trystors vewters J9d, y
Couples huntes of test, . /
^er ros fpr blastej gode,
Gret mm \n J?at forest.

A hundred
hunters Join in
the ohaie.

To the stationt
the «*fcwter«"
go,

[Fol. 1066.]

and the dogs are
cast off.

....... .' "•

At )7e fyrst quethe of Je q^uest quaked \^ wylde ;
i, Der^f in J?e dajle, doted/te^f drede,

lis?" Hijed to be hyjie, bot lipWly J?ay were

' jSestayeSSri^ J^e'stiaWye, J?at stoutly ascryed ;
pay^let )?e ^ert^j haf J?e gate, wttA J?e hyjQ hedes,
JJe'Vreme bukkej also^j.. wftA hor brode paume^ ;

1156 For ]^ n:e lorde hade defend^ \n fenny sou» tyme,
pat J^er schulde no mon mene^ to J?e male dere.
pe hindej were halden i», wttA hay & war,
pe does dryuen wttA gret dyn to J^e depe sladej ;

1160 per myjt mon^, as J?ay sl^rpte, sWntywg of arwes,
At "Epher^J^atl wende vnder wande wapped a flone,
patbigly bote on J?e diSuJj, w/tA ful bro^e hedej,
What ! y^N brajen, & bleden, bi bqnkke^ J^ay dejen.

1 164 & ay rachches i» a res radly hem fol/es,

Huntere^ wyth ny^e nome hasted hem aft^r,

"Wyth meh ^cratkanae kry, as klyffes haden brusten;

"What wylde so at-waped wyjes J?at schotten,

1168 Wat^ al to-raced &,rent, at l?e reaayt.

BiMywgre lened at J^e hy^e, ai^d taysed to fe wattrej,

pe ledej were so lemed at J^e loje t?y stores, '

& J?e gre-hou^^j so grete, J^at g6ten hem bylyue,

1 172 & hem to TylcheoTas fast as fifekej inyjt loke,
}er ryjt. ,
pe lorde for blys abloy
Ful oft con launce & lyjt,

Boused hv the
damour tae deer
rush to the
heights,

hut are soon
driren hack.

The male deer
and huoks are
allowed to pass,

hut the hinds and
does are driven
hack to the
shades.

As they fly they
are shot by the
bowmen.

The hounds and
the hunters, with
a loud cry, follow
in pursuit.

Those that es-
caped the arrows
are killed by the
hounds.

The lord waxes
joyftil in the
chase,

1 meue?

38 GAWAYN£ LIES A BED.

which lasted tm 1176 &r drdf bat day wyth loy.

the approach of ^ .» * if

night Thus to }e derk nyjt.

ni.

^ U M ' Un.^-;

AU this time Ga. pu8 la/kej pis loide by lynde wode^ .eiie|,

Wayne lies a'becLt

& G. }^ god mon, in gay bed lyge^y , . /

«nder "cov^^^ 1180 Lurkkej quyl J?e day-lyjt lemed on J^ wowes,
Vnder couertowr ful clere, corty^ied aboute ;
& as in sldiwyng lie sldde, sTelty lie herde

1184 & he henei vp his hed out of J^e cloj^es,
[Foi. 107.] A conjfir of }?e cortyn he cajt vp a lyttel,

& waytej warly J?ider-warde, quat hit be myjt.
A lady, the love- Hit watj fe ladi, loflyest to be-holde, ^L

best to behold, .'^ ' ^ ^vL.U^ <.vv. '*?

enters softly. ngg pat dfoj j>e dor aft^r hir ful dSuly* & stylle,
the h^!^^^ * ^^^^ to-warde >e bed ; ,& )e biiiTie'^schamedj-

& layde hywi doualysty^y*^* let as he slepte.
SidsTbeSfeep. & ^^ ^^VV^^ stiUy, *& stel 'to his bedde,

The lady casts up 1192 Kest vp le cortyn, & creped wtth-inne,

the curtain and r / j i r >

site on the bed- & set hir iul softly on l7e bed-syde,

side. v i ' rt ' ■

& lenged J^ere selly longe, to loke quen he wakened.

pe fcd^ lay Inrked a ful longe quyle,
Gai^yne has 1196 Compast in his concience to quat }>at cace myjt
thereat. ^ Mene o}er amount, to m^ruayle hym Jojt (^ ' *

Bot ^t he sayde in hy»*-self, "more semly hit were

To aspye wyth my spelle £jnl spfeequat ho wolde."
H^ rouses him- ^200 pen he wakenede, & wroth, & to hir warde tamed,
unlocks his eyes, & YUrdoukod .hisF yie-lydde^ ^ let as hym wondered,

and looks as if he av * . . ,, ,v!?£te/

were astonished. & sayned hy»i, as bi hia saje J?e saiLtfr to worthe,

with hande ;
1204 Wyth cjiynne & cheke fill «wete,

Bo]?e quit & red in-blalide,
Ful lufly con ho lete,
"Wyth lyppej smal la^de.

» deruly (?).

HE IS VISITED BY HIS HOSTESS.

39

IV.

1208

1212

1216

liow ar je tan astyt, bot true yus may scnape, a
I schal bynde yow iny^r bedde, fejt be je Irayst:"
Al lajaade ^ lady Kj^ed J?o byurdej.

f^-

1220 I

1224

1228

1232

1236

1240

" Goad moTOiiM[ gaye,"* quoth Gawayn J?e blyj?e,
" Me BchslJffQj^M Yfjur V^^ ^- J'^^ ^^ ^^^ ly^^j,
For I jelde me ^eriy, & ^^aft&r Sf^i ^
& J?at is J?e best, ]pe my dome, for me by-bouej nede;"
& ]?us be bearded a-^ayn wft^ mony a bly]?e la^t^.
"Bot wolde je, lady louely, }en leue me grante,
& de^fece yo^ prysoun,' & gray hyw to ryse,

ie DO]iQj)f yia bed, & busk me bett^,
I sobulde ^u^'^^e more comfort to karp jow wytb."
" Nay, for 8o)?e, beau syr," sayd Jat swete^ ^
*^Je schaLiiot rise of .yo«r bedde, I lych yow bett^,
I scbal liappf jw here J?a{ o)?^ Jialf als,
& syj^en/^p wyth my knjrjt jfat I kajt baue ;
For I wene wel, I-wysse, syr Wawen fe are,
j7at alle ^ worlde "^ordhipe^, quere-so je.ride ;
Your bonoKr, jowr iiendelayk' is h'endely praysed
With lordej, wyth ladyes, with alle J^at lyf here.
& now je^ar here, I-wysse, and we bot oi^e one ;
My lorde & his lede^ ar on lenj^e faren,
0}er bnmej in her^bed^e, & my burdej als,
pe dor drawen, & dit wttA a"3erf taspe ;
& syJ^S^ I hjiue in his hous hym y&t al lykej,
I schal ware my whyle wel, quyl hit lastej,
with tale ;

je ar welcuw to my. cors,

YowT^ awei;i'won to wale,

Me b6-houej of fyne force.

Your seruaunt be & schale."

"Good morrow,"
flays the lady, **ye
are a carelesa
sleeper to let one
enter thus.

I shall bind you
in yoor bed, of
that be ye sure."

"Good morrow,**
says the knight,
"I am well
pleased to be at
your seryioe ;

but permit me to
rise and dress
myself.**

[Fol. 1076.]
"Nay, beau air,"
said that sweet
one,

"I shaU hold
talk with you
here.

I know well that
you are Gawayne
that all the world
worships.

We are by our-
selyes;

My lord and his
men are far off.
Other men are in
their beds, so are
my maidens.
Thn door is safely
closed.

Since I have him
in house that
everyone likes, I
shall use my time
well while it lasts.

Ye are welcome
to my body.

I tfhall be your
servant.**

> This word is doubtful in the MS.

• prysouner (?).

40 THE LADY DISCOURSES OF LOVE.

V. ^>,

**]^god fejth/'qtto^AGawayn, "gayfc hit me ]?ynkke^,
paj I be not now he bat je of speken ;

"lamunwor- 1,^ , ' ^-~. ^ '

thy,»' says Sir To reche to such reuerence as je reherce here

Gawayne, "to /. jk^.%)^ —

reach to snoh 1244 I am Wv^e vn-worthv, r wot wel my-seluen ;

revewnoe as ye -d- j l^ ^ { :x A. ^* j ^.'^±■*^ *^

rehearse. Bi goo, I were glad, &yow/god J?ojt,

I shau be glad, At saje 6}per at seruyce^al l^^tte myjt

wOTdy^iTO." -^^ I^ piesaunbe of yow^rys, &it were a pure ioye."

1248 ** In god fayth, «yr Gawayn," quo^A J?e gay lady,
** J?e prys & Je prowes^J^at plesej al oj^,
If I Ipt Jakted, oj?^ set at lyjt, hit were l^ttel d^hte; *^
di«,»' says his Bot hit ar ladyes iJi-noje, J?at leuW* wer jwfwJTe

would prefer thy 1252 Haf be hende in hor holde, as I bo habbe here, *

company ■• ^ ' '

To daly w;»tA derely yo«*r dajpt^ wordej,
Keu^r iem comfort, & colen her carej,

to much of the ^ . .* i "•

gold that they J?e» much of Je gaxysoun o\er golde bat* Jay hauen ;

1256 Bot I I6uue*>t ilk lorde >tft >e lyftl haldej,
I haf hit holly iw my honde Jat al desyres,
J?urje grace."
Schto made hym so gret chertf^'
[Foi. 108.] 1260 J?at watj so fayr of face, ^ i

The knight an- be knyjt wttA speches skere, .

swers the lady's "-**■* i

questions. A[njswared to vche a ca<ie.

Gawayne tells "Madame," quoth }^ ihyry mon, "Mary jrowjelde, ^

'«" »iCT convcr- 1264 rorIhaffounden,iwgodfayth,j^owrefraijiwQhisiiobele,
of au others. & oj^ fill much of oj^ folk fongei hor dedej*; > y^

Bot Je daynt^ J^flpt J?ay delen for my disert nyfen-
Hit is Je worchyp of yowr-selfjj^at nojt bot wel connej.
h^MSSy.****^*^ 1268 " Bi Mary," quoth >e menskful, "me >ynk hit ano>^ ;

For were I worth al Je wone of wy wmen al^e,
that were she & al J?e wele of J?e worlde w^re in my hpnde,

her^a 1^**^***^ & I schulde chepeJi & chose, to cheue me a lorde,

^ ]>at ]>at, in MS. ' louie or loune (?).

THE KNIGHT THINKS OF HIS ADVENTURE.

1272 Por J?exo8te8 bat I haf baowen vpop J?e knyjt hei-e,
Of bewt^, & debonert^,^ & blyfe «emblau»t, '
& ]7at I haf erliejkkenedy & b^e hit here trwee,
perschulde nofreke vpon fofde bifore yow be chosen."

1276 "F^sse, worJ?y," quoth Je wyje,' *' je hsrf waled wel
bett^, .

Bot I am proude of J^ ^rys Jat je^ut on me,
& soberly your seruaunt my sou«rayn I holc^e yow,
& yowre knyjt I be^com, &(Kryst yow for-^eld^."

1280 pus Jay^LcKa^of mujfi-quatj fitl myd-mom paste,

pe freke ferae with defence, and feted lul fayre.
J7aj I werO^^ bryjtestj ^e bnrde in mynde hade,
1284 pe ksse luf in his l<^e^^for Ivqc ]?at he so^t,
^ , boute ho|ie*; '

pe diinie Jat sclfulde' hy«» deue,
& nedej hit most be don^ ;
1288 pe lady J?enn spek of leue, ,

He granted hir ful sone.

41

she would select
Gawayne before
anyman on earth.

Gawayne tells
her that he will
become her own
knight and faith-
fill servant.

The 1
brance of his ad-
venture prevents
hi m trota. think-
ing of love.

The ladv takes
leave of Sir Ga-
wayne.

.A>y

VII.

J?e»ne ho gef hymjgod-day, & wyth a glent lajed,
& as ho stod, ho stonyed hy«» wyth fi4 stor wo;*dej :

1 292 *^* Now he Jat spede^ vche SP§ch, Ms disport jelde yow !
Bot Jat^je be Gawan, hit gotj in mywde/'
"A^er-fore?" quoth }e freke, & freschly he askej,
P3de lest he hade fayled in fowrme of his castes ;

1296 Bot ]7e txGiae nym blessed, ^ bi Jns ^liyl sayde,
*' So god as Gawayn ^ynly is halden,
^ cor^ysye is closed so clene i^ hyw-seluen.
Couth not lyjtly haf lenged so long wyth a lady,

1300 Bot he hsd craWed a cosse, ^i his cot^rtaysye,

Bi suw towch of summe tryfle, ^t su«» talej ende."
pen quoth Wowen, ** I-wy sse, worje as yow lykej.

With a laughing
glance, she says,

"I am doubtftil
whether ye be
Gawayne.

[FoU 108A.]

Were it he,
surely, ere this,
he would have
craved a kiss."

**l shaU kiss,"
says the knight.

ande (?).

» sclulde, in MS.

42 THE BKEAKING OF THE DEER.

^wir^^oom- I achal kjBse at yowr comaimdement, as a knyjt mtle^y

1304 Am^lBBt he displese yow, so* plede hit no more."

Ud^c^e.'wm ^^ ^^^ ^^^ "^f^ ]^^' * P*^^®? ^y*^ ^ *™^»

kiiS'iSr •"* ^6iiiej l^flycif ai^ouw, & >e ifeafel^ssej ;

pay comly byKewnento kryst ayj?^ oj^r;
IdOSjiHo dos hi^ forth at \e dore, wttA-outen dyn more.
& he J^ches hym to ryse, & ra^lSsTi^ sone,
Oftwayne then Oep^s to his chamberlayn, choses his wMe^

nJL. ***** ^ 156)4] forth, quen he watjlJoun/ blyjely to masse,

1 3 1 2 & }^nne he mfiaed to his mete, \ai mensloy^m keped,

He makes mirth « t i i ^ ^i , i

an day tm the & made myry al day til re mono rysed,

mooiixiBes, " " ' M!* ^

\V*tA' neu^ tteke la^er fonge,
betweeiithe«two 1316 Bitwene two so^dywgnfe dame,

dames,*' the older <»« u o. i_

and the younger. pe aldej: & J?e jonge, ^

Much sblace set J^ay same.

VIII.

Meanwhile the

lord of the umd And ay >e lor^^of }^ londe is L^^

to*w^!S£1Sid*^* 1320 To hunt in holtej & he>e, at hjpf ej barayne, ^^

*^^^- Such a sdwnie W \er slowe bi Jut J?e sunne heldet,

Of do^ & of o\er d^re, toJoBme were wonder.

penne feirsly J^ay flokked in ^Ik at ]?e laste,
S?«S*ff«any» 1324 & quykjy of y^ qilellod dere a querr^ J?ay maked ;

cymake. -p^ -^^^ bo^cd J?erto, w*t^ Butnej i»-noghtf,

S^«S2*Si G^eredj«,gratte8t,ofgre8H>erwere, ,, ,^ _^

^® ^^^' & didden hem derely vndo, as Je dede aske; ;

^*a«^*or fiS^ 1328 Serched hem at \q asaj, summe J?at J^were,
then they sUt the ^wo fy»geres >ay fonde of >e lowlest 'S aUe ;

thJJSt."^*'''* S^>en>y slyt >e slot, sesed >e erVef;''>' ^^

rip^ie'i^^hs Sctauqd wyth a scharp knyf, & )?e pfcnyA kmtteii^

ffde.'*" ^ * 1332 Syjen rytte Jay Je foure lywmes, & rent of jto hyde,
the*^yandtake pen iSrek Jay Je bale,. Je bale^ out token,

[Foi. 109.] Lystily forlancywg, & here of Je knot ;

» fere (?). » fo, in US. 8 Was (?) Kas (?).

THE HUNTERS HASTEN HOBiB.

pay grjrped to fe gar^im. & grayj^ly departed
1336 pe wesati^lc fipo J?e wynt-nW^e, & wait* out )?e guttej ;
p&fMfSyay(mt }e scbuldere^ with her scharp knyue^,

£em by a lyttel hole, to hatfe^ol© sydes;
Svjbeii wSffi^rlfey ^ brest, & br«fyd©a hit in twymie,
1340 & ^Rat fe gargiiluw bigynej on J?e«nei
iJ^Hliej liit vp radlv, ryjt to }e uf% ' ^
Voydej opit he a-vanfers, A; vcrayly per-oft&r
Alle )?e fymej by Je rybb^j radly }b.j la^ice ; .
1344 So iyde J?ay of by*re86li» bi }^ rygge bone^,

HkendfiA to ]?e haunche, J^at hen^d alle samet,
& heuen hit yp alTiole, .& fi^eni iit of J?ere,
& ]7at ]?ay neme for ]?e noumbles, bi nome as I
1348 / ^ /bikyndej

Bi J9 ^}t al of Je Jyjes,
pe lappej J^ay lance bi-hynde,
To hewe hit in two Jay hyjes,
1352 Bi ]7e bak-bon to ynbynde^

43

They then sepa-
rate the weasand
from the wind-
hole and throw
out the (pits.

The shoulders
are cat out,
and the breast
divided in halves.

The nwmhUs are
next removed.

trowe,

By the fork of
the thighs.

the flaps are
hewn m two by
the backbone.

IX.

Bo]»e \e bade & be hals ]?ay hwen of J^entLe,

& 8y]?en sunder Jpay \e syde; swyfb fro )?e chyne,

; in a greue ;

& \e c<^b^e8 fee J^ay kest i>* » ^«^u^ ,
1366 jTenh pirled ]?ay ay]?et'Jik ade j>urj, bi \e vybbe, ^

& henged j^enne a[y]J?iw bi nojes of Je fourchej, ' ' ''

Yche freke foV his fefe, as faHej for to haue.

Vpon a felle x>i \e fayre best, fede ]?ay Jayr houndes,
1360 Wyth \e\jtier & Je l^^jtej, Je lejjpr o{}e paunche^,

& bred baj'ed in blod, blende^ yer amon^^ ;
^TbaldeQf^^jr blw jp^sj "hayed jfoyr rachfehej,

SyjTon^fb&ge ]?ay her £esche fplden to home,
1364 Bcra^^ lid stoutly mony stif Vote^.

Bi Jyat ]?e dayly^t Wai^ done, }e douthe wat; al wonen

After this the
head and neck
are out off, and
the sides severed
from the chine.

With the Uver,
lights, and
paunches, they
feed the hounds.

Then they make
for home.

^ ona, grene (?).

44 GAWAYNE RECEIVES THE SPOIL.

I«-to }e comly castel, J?er J?e knyjt bidej
fill Btille ;
1 368 Wyth blys & biyjt fyr b^,'

pe lord is comen J?w-tylle,
Gawayne goes When Gawavn wvth hywi mette,

out to me«t hi» •^\^'^i*y1

^^^' per watj bot Vele^at wyU^.^"^*^"^

X. .

[Foi. 1096.] 1372 Thewne comaunded J?e lorde in J?«t side to samen alle }e

The lord com- meny, ,

mandfl all his ''-* * ^^ , r^fc*! .^^

household to as- BoJ?e J?e ladyes on logb^ ^^Ji^ ^*^ ^^^ burdes,

Bi-fore alle be folk on be Hette, fretej he beddej

and the venison ^ ' ' ' ' '

to be brought be- Vtfrayly his venysoc^i* to fech hywi byfome ;

He calls Ga- 1375 & gl godly i» gomen G^Ty^Ln] he called^ , ^ ^
Techej hywi to \q toj^le^ of MTart bestes,
Schewej hjm \q schyree grec^ schome vpon rybbes,

whethJ?hfdoes " ^^^ paye/yow >i8 play ? haf I prys wonnen ?

5;3dJ?to7w?sut 1380 Haue I Hi/iiii^ly >onk >urj my craft serued?" ,

cess in the chase. i. j^ I-wysse," \uoth >at o>^r wyje, " here is wayth

fayrest

On the knight V^^ ^ ^^ f^ seuen jere in sesoun of wynt^r."

Sf'satisfedJTe " & al I gif yow, Gawayn," q^uoth Je gome J?enne,

whole accoi^ing 1384 "Poi by a-corde of couenau»t je crane iiit as yotir

to a former agree- ,,

ment between awen.

" f is is soth," (luath J?e segge, *'I say yow J?at ilke,
&* I haf worthyly Jds wone^ wyjh-iwne,

Gawayne gives •• -i-i . -

the knight a I-wysse wttA as god wylle hit worjej to jowrej."

return.

1388 He hasppe; his fayre hals his arme^ wyth-inne,
& kypses hym as comlyly as h^e* conJ?e awyfie:
" Tas yow ]?ere my cheujcauwce, I cheued no more,
I wowche hit saf fynly, Jaj feler hit were."
1 392 * * Hit is god, ' ' (^uoth Je god mon, ' ' gremt m^rcy \eriff/^,
totoS? wbST ^i* "^y ^® such, hit isrje betti^r, & ^ je me brine wolde

JScJ^eS!*^ ^VHiere je wan >is ilk wele, by wytte of hcfr^ln^!^

» And = an. « ho, in MS. » your?

*'J?atwatjnotio)

RENEWAL OF OOVBNANTSk

1396 For je liaf tan ]7at yow

'* quothhe, / * frayst me no more,
r tydej, trawe je non oj?^

1400

je mowe. ;
p&j lajed, &made hem blyj^e,
Wyth lotej J^at were to lowe,
To sA^er Jay jede asswyj^e^ ^
Wyth dayntes nwe i«-nowe.

45

As this does not
enter into the
covenant, he gets
no answer to his
question.

They then pro-
ceed to sapper,
where were dain-
ties new and
enough.

XI.

Ajid syten by Je chynm^ in^hamber J?ay seten,
Wjjtejpe wade wyn wejed tp hem oft,

1404 & W^l^n her bDiii3y«g bay hafjfen in Je mom,

To t^lle Je same fd'rwajSej Jat bay by-fore maden,
J7at chauwce so by-tyd^ hor cheuysaimce to chauftge,
What nwe| so Jay nome, at nj5|t quen Jay metten

1408 J?ay acorded of Je couenauntej bjrfore J?e cotirt alle ;
pe beuerage w^tj br^jt fprth in Ibourde at Jat tyme ;
J?e«ne JayTouelych lejten leue at^ Jie last,
Vche bume to his bedde busked bylyue.

1412 Bi Jat Je qoke hade crowej* & cakled bpt Jryse,

pe lorde wat^ lopen of his bedde, [&] Je le;idej vet one,
So Jat Je mete & Je masse^wat^ toetely deiyuered ;
pe douthe dressed to JeVod, er any day sprenged,

1416 tochace;

Hej with hunte & homej,
puT} playnej Jay passe in space,
Vn-coupled among Jo Jomej,

1420 Eache^ Jat ran on race.

XIJ, V

Sone Jay calle of a quest in fiier syde, - .The hunters

pe hunt re-hayted Je hounde^, Jat hit fyrst mynged, hounds,
Wylde wordej hym warp wyth a wrast noyce ; ^wch fail to the

1424 pe hownde^ Jat hit herde, hastid Jider swyje, !S °^ **

By the hearth
they sit.
Wine is carried
round.

Again Sir Ga-
wayne and his
host renew their
agreement.

[Fol. 110.]

Then they take
leave of each
other and hasten
tohed.

Scarce had the
cock cackled
thrice when the
lord was up.

With his hunters
and horns they
pursue the chase.

crowed (?).

46 HUNTING THE WILD BOAR.

& felleni^ fast to ]?e fuyt, fomiy.^ omes ;
penne such fi gliau^ran^e glami of g046^ rachcbe;
BoSy J^at ]?e rochere; n^g;en aboute ;
1428 Huntere^ hpm Irardened w»tA hon^ & wjth muthe.
^"th^"by*Se |?e» d i» a 8ein1)kBweyed to-^er, ^^

«de of a cul. Bitwene a flcteche in >at fty^ & a foo cragge ;

In a knot, bi a clyffe, at ]fe k^Q^d^,
1432 psr as J?e rogh rocher vn-iyddy wat? fallen,
pay ferden to J?e ^pidyftg, & fretejiipm aftw ;
on3i rides,* ™ J7fty vinl)p-kesten Je knaire & J?e imot boje,

Wyjej, whyl Jay wystpn wel wyt i«ne hem Mt were,
1436 pe best ^t J?er breued watj wyth J?e blod hounde^.
and beat on the p^^^^ j^y ^^^^ ^^ i^ busiej, & bede hywi vp lyse,

IrasheB.

Out there rashes 4 . .^ t ' .4^ ^ *f/» ; ,'• ' 4^ -, .'V''/n ti '^''^

a fierce wild boar. 1440 Long syxhen for^ fe sounder faij/wi^t

For he watj b[este] & bor aljer grattest,

[And eujere quen he cronyed, b^ne greued mony,

^e' feuitiS:^ ^0^ ^'^1^ >^ ^yrst Pasl iie >ry^>j e^^^

the ground. ^444 ^ gp^^ [hym] forth good sped, 1)0jite spyt more,

Ande Jay halowed hygh^ ful hr^e &Jbjy! hay! cryed,
[Foi. noft.] Haden home^ to mouje heterly'irecKteS;

]^"^Mwicitiy the Mony watj J?e myry mouthe of men & of hoiinde^,

^^^' 1448 J?at bnskkej after Jis bon wi't^ host & wyth noyse,

to quelle ;
Ful oft he bydej Jejbaye,
& mayme'; Je muTOinn-melle,

Howerer, he at- , ^^^ -n- t a t» -, 1 1 « «

tacks the hounds 1452 fie hxirte) of DO hounaet, & pay

causingr them to -r, ^ i ' / «*^«

yowl and yeU. Ful jomerly Aule & jelle.

XIII. , ^^

The bowmen Schalkevto Bchote at hym schowen to Jenne,

send their arrows ^

after this wild Haled to hym of her arewej, hitten hym oft ;

1456 Bot)?epoyntejpa5rredatjBpythJ<rtpyjtinhi8Bcheldej,
& Je barbej of his browe bite non volde,

> fro (?).

m

THE SECRET INTERVIEW.

47

poj J?e soha^Kn schafb schyndered in pece^,
pe hede li(Jpped a^ayn, were-sojeiwr hit hitte ;
1460 Bot quen >e d^/nt^ hy m 4 <^red of her oijyi stjrokej,
pen, brajrn-wod for bate, ou^bume^^ ^^^^^^
Hnrte^ hem ful heterly per lie forth hyjej, .
& mony ir^ed jerat, & on-lyie orojen.
1464 Bot J?e lorde on a ly^t horce launces hym aft^,
Ab bume bolde vpon bent his bugle he blowej,
He rechated, & r[ode] ^ J?urj^iiej M |^k,
feufimae^ wylde swyn til ye snnne schaitea.*^ ' ^
1468 JJis day wyth J?is ilk dede J?ay dryuen on J?is wyse,
Whyle oure luflych lede lys in his bfKlde,
Gawayn gr^yjely at home, in gerej M ryche
of hewe ;
1472 pe lady nojt forfat^^ ^^^

Com to hym to mIuS,
Ful erly ho watj hjm ate J
His mode fpr to remw^

but they glide off
ehivered In
pieces.

Enraged with
the blows.

he attacks the
hnntrav.

The lord of the
land blows his
bugle.

and pursues the
boar.

All this time Ga-
wayne lies a bed.

^

XIV.

1476 Ho cowmes to )?e cortyn, & at J?e knyjt totes, '
& Wawen hw-welcuwed woj]>j on fyrst,
& ho. hym jHdej ajayn, M jeme of hir vordej,
Settej hir sof[t]ly by his syde, & swyjely ho lajej,

1480 & wyth a luflych loke hq layde' hym J?ese wordej :
J^^r. ^if -je be Wawen, wonder me Jynkkej,
Wy^p pat is so wel wrast alway to gpd, ,
& connej not o^ compaynye be costej vnder-take,

1484 & if mon kennes yow hom to knowe, je kest hom of
yowr mynde ;
pan. hatj for-jeten jederly )?at jist^day I tajtte
Bi alder-truest token of talk j^at I cow)?e."
* * What is Jat? " quoth Je wygh^, * * I-wysse I wot neu^,

1488 If hit be sothe Jat je breu^ j^e blame is myn awen."

The lady of the
castle ag^vifiita
Sir Qawayne.

SoftlT she sits by
his side,

[Fol. 111.]

and tells the
knight that he
has forgotten
what she tauffht
him the day be-
fore.

* The MS, is here almost illegible.

ayde (?).

48 GAWAYNE AND HIS HOSTESS.

— f

"I taught yon of " }et I kende yow of kyssyng," quoth Je clere ^enne,

■ays, "*that be- " Quere-80 conntenaunce is coul?e, quikly to clayme,

comes erery ^ j f ^ ^ ,f '

ta»i8r>i^*" patJbicumeB Tche a knyjt, J^at cortaysy vses."

1492 **I>b way," qt«)^A fat derf mon^ "my dere, J?at speche,

Sat?e^Srtnot ^^^ ^^^ 4w* ^ ^^* ^®> ^®^* ^ denayed were,

StorbWdel*^^*^ If IwereTiifeied, Iwerewrangl-wysse, ^if I profered."

"Ma fay," quoth Je mere wyf, * * je may riot be wemed,

is^stera^^ou^h ^^^^-J® ^ ^^ i»-noglw to constrayne wyth strenkj^e, jif

to enforce it. JOW lykej,

^if any were so vilanotw fat yow defiftye^ wolde."
"^, be^od," quoth Gaw&jJij "goqd is yoMf\8peche,
Bot f rate is vn-j^ryuande in J?ede f ^r 1 lende,
pUes^^^ev^ 1^00 & vche gift fat is geuen not with gond wylle ;
Sft jta not^Sa I *^ *t I^^*'' comaundement, to kysse qnen jow lykef ,

^^' Je may lacb quen yow lyst, & leue quen yow f ynkkej,

in space."
The lady stoops 1504 l?e lady lontej a-doliw,

down and kisses ^ ^ ' \ ^

>**™* & comlyly kysses his face,

^^SfeJE^^®. y^l ^^ exponn,
Of dinryes greiiie *& grace.

••iwonidieani,»» 1508 " I woled' wyt 8^ yoV, wy^e," fat worfy fer sayde.^^^
you, who are so " & yow wxathed not f er-wyth, what were fe skylle,

young and ac- "^ < c . / ^ "^ ' , r J f

^^«» J?at so fong & 80 jepe, as je [ar] at f is tyme.

So cortayse, so kny^tyly, as je ar knowen onte, ^j

tSie^rtofioVV ^^^^ * ^^ ^¥ cheualry to chose, f e chef fyftg a-losefi.
Is* f e lei iayk of luf, fe lettrure of annes ;
For to telle of J^is tenelywg of fis trwe kny^tej,
Hit is f e tytelet, token, & tjt?t of her werkkej, . , , ^t*^,
1516 How le[de8] for her lele luf hor l^ej han auntered.
Endured for her drury dalftd stouwdej, i ' y
& affc^r wenged with her walowr & voyded her care,

a knight, & bro^t blysse i»-to bourei wi^h bountees hor awen. *

1520 &je ar knyjt comlokest kyd of yot*r elde^

> de vaye, in MS. « wolde (?). > In (?).

I

THE LADT TAI.KS OF LOVE.

49

bftTenerer talked
to me of loye.

Ton ought to
8hoir a yom^
thing like me
•ome token of
• true-loTe's
orafta.*

Your worde A your worchip walkej ay quere, [Pou nib,]

& I haf seten by yowr-self here sere twyes,

^t herde I neu&r of yot«r bed helde no yrordej
1524 pat eu^ longed to luf, lai^e ne^more ; ^

& je, )?at ar bo cortays ^ooywt^^tjrottr.hetes,

Oghtf to a fonke Yynk jem to achewe,

& teche Bum tokened of trweluf crafbes.
1528 Why ar je lewed, )?at alle MTos weldej,

0}&r dies ^e deme^me to duley yow* dalyannce to herken ?
for schame !
I com hider sengel, & sitte,
1532 To leme at yow earn game,

'^ So teach me of

Dos, teche^ me of yotir wytte, yonr * wit/ while

• — - my lord is from

Whil my lorde is fix) hame." home."

XVI.

"Ingond fayK" ai(oMGawap^ "god jow piJLSrJ^^

1536 Gret is >e gode gle, & gomen to me huge, ^^S^'HThear

j7at so worjy asje wolde wy;»ne hidere, ^^^ *^

& pyne joWjWith s9^poti^ a mon, as play wyth. yowr knyjt,

With any skyni^e^ cpuntenaunce, hit keuere^ me ese ;
1640 Bot to take >e toruayle^ to my-self, to trwiuf expoun, S^tiSX^t^k

& towche }e temej of tyxt, & t^lej of armef ,

To yow J?at, I wot wel, weldej more slyjt

Of )?at art, hi J?e half, or a huwdreth of seche
1544 As I am, oW e\i^ schal, in erde }^r I lene,

Hit were a fole fele-folde, my fire, by my traw]?e.

I wolde yowre Vylnywg worche at my myjt.

As I am'hyjly bihalden, & eiwr-more wylle
1 548 Be seruaun| to yo^-seluen, , so sane me dryjtyn ! "

pus hym frayned J?at fi:e, & fondet hywi ofte,

For to haf wonnen hywi to woje, what-so scho jH>jt ellej,

Bot he defended hym so fayr, J^at no f aut semed,
1552 Ne non euel on nsLW^er halue, naw]'^ J^ay wysten,
bot blysse ;

to ezponnd true-
loye and tales of

I will, however,
act according to
your will,

.and ever be your
servant."

Thus Gawayne
defends himself.

* tomayle(?).

50 OAWAYNE BBHAYES DISCREETLY.

pay lajed & layked longe,

At be last Bcho con hym kysse,

The lady, haying ,^^^ _. _ ^ T** , «

kiflsedtheknight, 1556 HiT leue fayrfeicon Bcno fonge,

takes leave of , .

Wm. & went mr waye I-wysser

XYH.

h^^M^^^d Then ruj^es hywi J?e renk, & ryses to Jtb masse,

[F^. 112.] & siJTen'^lior dmer watj dj jt ok derely semed.

Meanwhile the 1560 J?e lede w*t^ J?e ladyeflfcyked alle day,
wUd ES^** * ,'Bot J?e ^orde ou^^ J?e lon^ej lauwcef M ofte,

Swej his vncely 8Tryn,.^at swvngej bi )?e bonkkej,
S*hta h?^^^ & Dole J^e b^ of his brachej ^e bakke; i» sunder ;

1564 per he bode \n his bay^teP bawe-men hit bspken, }
& made'^iym, maw-gref his bed, for to inwe vtt^ ;
and caused the So felle floneVj^er flete, whei} Je folk gedered ;

hunters to start. Bot jet Je styffest to start ti stou»dej he made,

asunder,

The hoar runs
into a hole in a

1568 Til at Je last he watj so mat, lie myjt no more lenne,
Bot i« j^e hast ]?at he myjt, he to a hole w yn]^e| ,
rock by"the ride Of a rasse,' bi a rokk, \er rewnei be bOTJie,' "'

of a brook. / , '

He gete \q bonk at his bak, bigynej to scrape,
^l^J^ 1572 pe fro>e femed^ at his mouth vn/dyri bi >e wyl^T^^
"Whettej his whyte tuschej ; irith hyw )?e» irked
Alle \e burnej So bolde| J?at hjm by stoden,
piSichhiS,*^ To nye hyw on-ferum, bpt neje lajm non durst

1576 for woje ;

He hade hurt so mony byfome,
pat al J'ujt* Jenne M loJ?e,
so many had ht Be more wyth his tuschej ton^

tusks. 1580 pat breme watj [&] brayn-wbd both^.

XYIII.

^« th^^boar'^S Til >e knyjt com hym-self, kachande his blonk,

^*y» Syj hym bj'de at Je bay, his bumej bysyde,

^^ts from ws He lyjt^« luflych adou», leuej, his corsoSir,

* til (?) a madee, in MS. » fomed (?). * fojt (?).

THE WILD BOAR IS KHXED.

61

A.i--^

t l^,'^'

1584 Srayde^ put a bryjt b^nt, & bigly forth sfer^de^j^
Tonndej fast j^urj J^lbrtli, ]?er J?e felle byde^,
. pe T^lde^watJ -^ar'of ^e wy^e with wepjipn in honde,
Hef byjly Be here, so fiettfrly he fiiast,

1588 patlreie'lBMe foy J^e ^ekej,^ lestlelle hym >e wonfe*;
pe swyn settej hym out on Je segge euen,
J?at Je bu^e & )?e bor were boje vijoii hepe^,
In J7e Wyjt-est* of JTOjwat^, }?^ worre had J^at o^er ;

1592 Forje mon^merkkej liym wel, as )?ay mette fyrst,
Set sadly^e scharp in }^ slot euen.
Hit hym v^ to )?e hAt, j^at j^e hert schyndered,
& he fuimide^hym ^elde, jk^ ^oun' ]^e wat^.

1596

1600

fal tyt ; , . . , . y

A hiytdret^ hounde^ hym hent,
Jbat bremely con hym bite, .
Bumej him brojt to t^^nf.
& dogge^ to dethe enditie.

and seeks to at-
tack him with his
sword.

The "swine sets
out" upon the

who, aiming well,

wounds him in
the pit of the
stomach.

[Fol. 1126.]

The boar is soon
bitten to death
by a hundred
bounds.

XIX.

There watj blawyng of pry's in mony breme home,

Heje halowing on hije, w*tA naj^elej pat myjt ;

Brachetes bayed )?at best^ as bidden ]?e maysterej,
1604 Of J7at chargeaunt chace J?at were chef hiintes.

J?enne a wyje Jat vaU wjfi vpon wod craftej.

To vnlace Jds borlufly bigynnej ;

Fyrst he h^WQ0 of his h^d, & on hije setteji^/,
1608 Asyfen reJidiej him al rogh^ bi }e lygge ^fter,

Braydej out J?e boweles, btennej horn on glede,

With bred bleijt Jer-w*tA his braches rewardej ;

SyJ?enhebriti^ejoutJebraweninbry^tbrode[s]cheldej,
1612 & hat; out fe ha^tlette;, as hi^tly biseme^ ;

& fet.lieni ^alche; al hole }e halue; to-geder,

& syj^en on a stif stange stoutly hem henges.

Then was there
blowing of horns,

and baying of
hounds.

One wisein wood-
craft begins to
unlace the boar.

first he hews off
the head, then
rends him by the
back.

He next removes
the bowels, broils
them on the
ashes, and there-
with rewards his
hounds.

Then the hastlets
are removed.
The two halves
are next bound
together and
hunguponapole.

1 freke (?). * wyjcrest (?) ; this word is doubtful in the MS,

* jede doun (?).

52 OAWATNE RECEIVES THE SPOIL.

Now with ]7i& ilk swjn ^sj sweng^ to home;
te^b^^'bSS5^ 1616 J7e bores te watj bomabifore >e bumes seluen,
SSt^^^ P^^ ^^ for-^e i» ]?e forjJe^ J7urj forfc of his honde,

so stronge;
Til he se^ syr Gkiwayne,
1620 In halle hym J?ojt M Ipnge, ^ ^^

■po^- His fee? }w for to fonge.

XX. ^

The lord of the be lorde M lowde wftA lote, & lajed myiy,

land is well ^ i i j j^

JeStoGa^a* ^* ^^^^ When he seje syr G; wiU solace he speke^ ;
He Bhows him ^® ^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^ ^*®°' *^ ?^S^ ^ meyny,

thl^dboar**' He schowej hem Je scheldej, & sco^eshem J?e tale,

SS^ien^h'^l"' Of >e^ largesse, & >e len>e, >e l^i^ej also,

breadtfi. ig28 Of >e were o5f >e wylde swyn, in wod >er he fled,

pat o\er knyjt fill comly comended his dede;,
& praysed hit as gret prys, )?at he proued hade ;
o?\ beast," Sr For suche a brawne of a b6st, Je bolde bume sayde,

nevS^'wSi. * 1632 No such sydes of a swyn, segh he neu^ are.

penne hondeled )?ay )?e hoge hed, J?e hende mon hit
praysed, >
[Foi. 118.] & let lodly J7erai \q lorde forto here :

Gawayne takes " Now Gawayn," (^uoth )?e god mon, ** y\& gomen is

according to VOUT awen,

covenant, * i ^>

1636 Bi fyn forwarde & faste, faythely je knowe,

" Hit is sothe," (\ttoth )?e segge, " & as siker trwe ;
Alle xijy get I schal yow gif agayn, bi my tgtwjy.'^
Si^hSf^ He [hent] j^e haj?el aboute >e halse, & hendely hym

kyss^s,
1640 & eft^-sones of ]?e same he serued hym J?ere.

" Now ar we euen," qwo^A Je hajel, " in j^is euen-tide,
Of alle Je couenauntes )?at we knyt, syj^en T com hider,
bilawe;"
who dedaret his 1644 l?e lorde savde, " bi saynt Gile,

ffuest to be the -^ •^ ' '* -'

best he knows. Je ^ )?e best )?at I knowe,

GREAT FEASTING IN THE HALL.

)

^r

Such cnaffer & je drowe."

53

XXI.

Tables are raised

aloft,

cloths east upon

them,

and torches are

lighted.

With much mirth
and glee,

sapper is s
in the hall.

is serred

1648 penne }b,j teldet table j [on] trestes alofte,
Xesten clo]?e^ vpon, clere lyjt }?e»ne
Wakned bi wojej, waxen torches
^^SS^I sette, & semed in sale al aboute ;
1652 Much glam & gle glent vp ]?^r-inne,

Abonte )?e fyre vpon flet, & on fele wyse,
At ye soper & after, mony aj^l songej,
As conwdutes of kryst-masse, & carolej newe,
1656 With alle )?e man^ly m0r}e Jot mon may of telle.
& eu^ onre luflych knyjt ]?e lady bi-syde ;
Such semblaunt to ]?at segge semly ho made,
Wyth8tLllestollencou»tenaunce,)?at8talworthtoplese, ^**to^eawher
1660 pat al for- wondered watj >e wyje, & wroth with hym- companion,
seluen,
Bot he nolde not for his nurture nume hir a-jaynej,
Bot dalt with hir al in daynte, how-se-eu^ Je dede turned
to wrast;
1664 Quen ]?ay hade played in halle,

As lange as hor wylle hom last,
To chambre he^ con hjm calle,
& to ]?e chemne ]^y past.

and ever our
lovely knight by
the lady sits,

When they had
long played in
the hall.

XXII.

1668 Ande ]?er J^ay dronken, & dalten, & demed eft nwe,
To nome on ]?e same note, on nwe^ere^ euen ;
Bot }e kny^t craned leue to kayre on ]?e mom,
For hit watj nej at Je terme, j^at he to' schulde.

1672 pe lorde hym letted of J^at, to lenge hym resteyed,
& sayde, '' as I am trwe segge, I siker my trawj^e,
pen schal cheue to }e grene chapel, J^y charres to make,

There they drank
and discoursed.

Gawayne begs
leave to depart
on the morroir.

[Fol. 1186.]

His host swears
to him,
that he shaU
cometotheOreen

ho(?).

te(?).

54 PBEPABATIONS FOR HUNTING.

Chapel on Neir Leude, on nw^erej lyjt, longe bifore pryme ;

Tear's mom long — --

before prime. 1676 For-Jy Jow lye in Jy loft, & lach Jyn ese,

& I Bclial hunt in ^is holt, & halde }^e towche^,
Chaunge wyth J?e chetdsauwce, bi J?at I charre hider;
For I haf fraysted }e twys, & feythM I fynde >e,
1680 Now Jrid tyme jTTowe best J^enk on Je mome,

Make we mery quyl we may, & mytme vpon loye,
For )?e lur may mon lach, when so mon lykej."

Our knight con- pis watj grayjely grannted, & Gawayn is lenged,

sents to remain

foranothernigbt. 1684 BHJe brojt watj hym drynk, & Jay to bedde jeden,

with lijt ;
F^ st^i M»d Syr G : lis & slepes,

softly he sleeps ' -^ '

^rSight, Ful gtille & softe al nijt ;

Early in the 1688 pB lorde J^at luB crafte^ kepes,

morning the loid _ - . , j. a* x

is up. Ful erly he watj dijt.

xxin.

After mass, a Aft^ messe a morsol he & his men token,

morsel he t^es _« . , , . j -i i

with his men. Miry wat^ fe moTRjng, his mounture he askes ;

1692 AUe be habeles bat on horse schulde helden hym aft^.

Then irere all on i i i j i

their horses be- Were boun busked on hor blonkke*, bi-fore* be halle

fore the haU- '' '^

It was a clear Ferly fayre watj \q folde, for j^e forst clenged,

gates. ^ate^ ;

It was a clear
frosty morning.

In rede rudede ypon rak rises ]?e sunne,
Th^nnterB,di8- 1696 & ful clere costej' >e clowdes of >e welkyn.
wood's ride, Hunteres vnhardeled bi a holt syde,

Eocheres roungen bi rys, for rurde of her homes ;
toSk o/a fo?* Summe fel in j^e fate, J?er J?e fox bade,

1700 Traylej ofte a trayt^es,* bi traunt of her wyles ;

A kenet kryes )?erof, J7e hunt on hyn» calles,

His felajes fallen hyn» to, Jot fiiasted fill J?ike,
J^ytiTe hS^^ ^^^^^ forth in a rabel, in his ryjt fare ;

1704 & heiyskej hem by-fore, )?ay founden hyn» sone,
^htofXgSie, & q^en >ay seghtf hyw wiU syjt, >ay sued hyn» fast,

Wrejande hyn» ful weterly with a wroth noyse ;

* bi-forore, in MS. ' castej (?). » trayveres (?).

THE HOUNDS UNEARTH A FOX.

65

& he trantes & tomayee^ J^orj mony tene greue ;
1708 Hamloune^, & herkene^, bi hegge^ M ofte ;

At J^e last bi a littel dicb be lepe^ ou^ a spenn^,
Stele^ out M stilly bi a strothe rande,
Went haf wylt of J?e wode, with wylej fro }e houndes,
1712 peftne watj be went, er be wyst, to^ a wale trysts,
per Jnre J^ro at a }?ricb J^rat bym at ones,
algraye;
He blencbed a^ayn bilyue,
1716 & stifly start on-stray, '*j

Witb alle }e wo on lyue.
To J?e wod be went away.

and pursue him
through many a
rough grove.

[Fol. 1140
The fox at last
leaps over a
spinny,

and by a ragged
path seeks to get
clear from the
hounds.

He comes upon
one of the hunt-
ing stations,
where he is at-
tacked by the
dogs.
However, he slips

and makes again
for the wood.

XXIV.

Thenne wat^ bit lif ypon list to lyj^n }e bounde^,

1720 Wben alle }e mute bade bym met, menged to-geder,
Sucbe a sor^e at J^at sy^t J^ay sette on bis bede.
As alle }e clamberande clyffes bade clat^red on bepes ;
Here be wat^ balawed, wben baj^ele^ bym metten,

1724 Loude he wat^ ^ayned, with ^arande specbe ;
per be watj J^reted, & ofte jyef ca lled,
& ay ]?e titleres at bis tayl, J^at tary be ne my^t ;
Ofte be watj ru»nen at, wben be out rayked,

1728 & ofte reled in a^ayn, so reniarde watj wyl^.

& ^ be lad bem bi lag, mon, ]?e lorde & bis meyny ;
On Jds man^r bi }e mountes, quyle myd, oiwr, vnder,
Wbyle J?e bende knyjt at bome bolsumly slepej,

1732 Witb-inne J?e comly cortywes, on }e colde mome.
Bot ]^ lady for luf let not to slepe,
Ne }e purpose to payre, Jat pyjt in bir bert,
Bot ros bir vp radly, rayked bir Jeder,

1736 In a mery mantyle, mete to J^e erj^e,

pat watj furred fol fyne with fellej, wel pured,
No bwe^ goud on bir bede, bot }e ba^er stones

Then was it fine
sport to listen to
the hounds,

and the hallooing
of the hunters.

There the fox wai
threatened and
called a thief.

But Reynard was

wily,

and led them

astray over

mounts.

Meanwhile the

knighf at home

soundly sleeps

within his comely

curtains.

The ladv of the
castle, clothed in
a rich mantle.

> to to, in MS.

56 GAWAYKE IS VISITED BT HIS HOSTESS.

Trased aboute hir tressotir, be twenty In clust^res ;
bSoS^^bSj, ^^^^ ^^ >ryuen face & hir >rote Jnrowen al naked,

Hir brest bare bifore, & bihinde eke.
T^^»8*c£ni- ^^ comej wtt^-i«ne }e chambre dore, & closes hit hir

^' aft^,

opwis a window, Waynej* vp a wyndow, & on ]?e wyje calle},

1744 & radly }fM rehayted hym, witA hir riche worde},
with^ chere ;
«* Ahi man, how " A ! mon, how may Joudepe,

[Foi. ii4».] pis morning is so clere ?"

m!'2Z^ 1748 He watj in drowping depe,

Bot }enne he con hir here.

Bodeart"

XXY.

The knight waa In dro} droupyng of dreme draueled J^at noble,

his forthconSi^ As mon ]?at wat^ in momyng of mony yio ]K)}te8,

Groen Chapel. 1752 How J^at dostin^ sohulde J^at day [dy^t] his wyide,
At J^e grene chapel, when he }e gome metes,
& bi-houes his bnffet abide, with-oute debate more ;
He awakee and Bot qnon l^at comly he ken^red his wyttes,

speaks to his fUr -x j^ .^ j ~j

i^tor, 1756 Swenges out of }e sweuenes, & swarej wttA hast.

pe lady luflych com lajande swete,

S^^IS?^ ^®^® ^^^ ^ f*y^ ^^^^f * ^^^y ^7*^ kyssed ;

He welcame; hir worjrily, with a wale chere ;
1760 He se^ hir so glorious, & gayly atyred,
^^ ^ . So fjAutles of hir fetnres, & of so fyne hewee.

Great joy warms ' j -'^

^wa**? **' ^^ ^^^ wallande loye warmed his hert ;

WitA smoj^e smylyng & smolt J^ay smeten in-to mer^
1764 pat al wat^ blis & bonchef, ]?at broke hem bi-twene,
& Wynne ;
pay lanced wordes gode.
Much wele }en wat} ]7^-*inne,
^t^*eS^^ 1768 Qret pmle bi-twene hem stod,

■*«>*•" Nif mare of hir knyjt mynne.

1 wayne) (?). < bi, 2l sec. manily

THE KNIGHT IS IN QBEAT PERIL. 57

XXVI.

For }?at prynce of pris depresed hjm so ]nkke, S«iy"*^M»d

ilTiimed hym so neje }e }red, J^t nede hjm bi-houed,

1772 OJtfT lach }?er hir Inf, o}er lodly refase ;

He cared for his cortaysye, lest craj^yn he were,

& more for his meschef, jif lie sclitilde make synne, SwSdbeoom.^

& be traytor to >at tolke, >at }at telde ajt. ^"^ ^ ^

1776 " God Bchylde," quoth }e scbalk, " jTat schal not be-
falle!"
WttA Inf-lajyng a lyt, lie layd hym by^syde
Alle j?e speebe^ of specialty J^at sprange of hermouthe.
QMoth }&t bnrde to ^e borne, *^ blame ^e disserae,

1780 Jifje Inf not }?at lyf }?at je lye nexte7

Bifore alle l?e wyjej in l^e worlde, wounded in hert, whether he\as a

M <i t t i . 1 7 mirtrees that he

Bot if je haf a lemman, a len^, }?at yow lykej bett^y }^ i»«tt« ti»«a
& folden faytb to ]?at fre, festned sobarde,
1784 pat yow lansen ne lyst, & }?at I leue non]?e ; [Fol iw.]

And }?at je telle me J^at, now trwly I pray yow,
For alle ^ lufe; vpon lyue, layne not J^e so]?e,
for gile."
1788 pe knyjt sayde, " be sayn Ion," S^eS^^l

& sme>ely con be Syle, J^^eA'nor

" In fayth I welde rijt non, ^••^^ «>••

!ITe non wil welde ]?e qnile."

XXYn.

1792 "patisaworde," qtfo^A]?atwy^t,<'j7at worst is of alle,
Bot I am swared for soj^e, J^at sore me J^inkke^ ;
Kysse me now comly, & I schal each hej^en, hto, riSjiJ?^

Imay bot mowme vpon molde, asmayj^atmuchlonyes." ^

1796 Sykande ho swe^e doun, & semly hym kyssed,
& si]7en ho sen^res hy«n fro, & says as ho stondes,
" Now, dere, at }?is de-party«g, do me J?is ese,
Gif me sumquat of J?y gifte, J?i gloue if* hit were, ^**

1800 pat I may mynne on J?e mon,"'my mowmyng to lassen." SemW him. ""

1 o( in MS.

68 THE LADY OFFERS OAWATNB A RING.

"Nowl-wysse," quoth}9,twjie, "I wolde I hade here
pe leuest }ing fo r }j l uf, J^at I in londe welde,
SrXt Se is ^^^ ^ ^^ deserued, forsofe, sellyly ofte

STtSSf h?*^ 1^04 ^ore rewarde bi resoun, >en I reche myjt,
^^^* Bot to dele yow for drurye, }at dawed bot neked ;

Hit is not jour honour to haf at yia tyme
A gloue for a garysouw, of Gawaynej gifte^,
1808 & I am here [on] an erande in erde^ Tncou]?e,
with maSs oo^ & hauo no men wyth no male^, with menskM J^inge} ;

things* ^ ^ pat mislyke} me, lad^ , for Inf at Jis tyme,^

Iche tolke mon do as he is tan^ tas to non ille,
1812 ne pine."

i^iSr *^* " ^^y* ^®^^® ^^ ^yj® honours,"

Quoth h&t lufsnm ynder lyne,

"Though I had '^ "^

nought of yours, " paj I hade ojt* of yowroj,

yet should yo ~*- -

hare of mine." 1816 Jet Bchulde JO haue of myne."

XXVIII.

siw oj^ Wtt * Ho rajt hy*» a riche rynk* of red golde werke^,

Wyth a starande ston, stondande alofte,
pat here blusschande heme; as }?e bry^t sonne ;
1820 Wyt je wel, hit watj worth wele ful hoge.
h^e wftaaes to 3^^ )ierenk hit renayed, & redyly he sayde,

[Foi. ii».] " I wil no giftej for gode, my gay, at J^is tyme ;

ST^iS^tSJ.*^ I haf none yow to nome, nFnoj^ wyl I take."

1824 Ho bede hit hyw fal bysily, & he hir bode wemes,
& swere swyfbel[y] his sothe, }^at he hit sese nolde;
wMthauSwe & ^0 soro Jat he forsoke, & sayde J^r-after,

onMcount of his << Ifje^renay my rynk,' to ryche for hit semej,

1828 Je wolde not so hy^y halden be to me,

I schal gif yow my girdel, J^at gaynes yow lasse."
Ho lajt a lace lyjtly, J?at* leke ymbe hir syde,
g^^?. "^ ^« Knit vpon hir kyrtel, vnder >e clere mantyle,

1 832 Glered hit wat^ with grene sylke, & with golde schaped,

> tyne, in MS. « nojt (?). » ryng (?). * >at >at, in MS.

HE REFUSES TO TAKE ANYTHING. 69

Nojt bot aronnde brayden, beten with fyngrej ;
& }?at bo bede to J?e bume, & blyj?ely bi-sojt
paj hit vn-wor]7i were, }?at be bit take wolde. ^ totaSJu.

1336 & be nay }&t be nolde negb^ in no wyse,

Nau)?er golde ne garysoim, er god bynt grace sende, ^J^J,**^ t
To acbeue to J?e chaunce J^at be bade cbosen }ere. anything,
" & Jerfore, I pray yow, displese yow nojt,
1840 & lettej be yowr bisinesse, for I bayj?e bit yow neu^
to graiinte ;
I am derely to yow bibolde,
Bi-cause of jour sembelauwt,
1844 & eu^ in bot & colde "^y^^t^and

m -I J X n in cold, to be her

To be yowr trwe seruaiint." true servant."

XXEL

*' Now forsakeje J^is silke," sayde }e burde ]?enne, "Do you reftue

" For bit is symple in bit-self, & so bit wel seme} ? *^^^ ^* ^ *

1848^Lo ! so bit is littel, & lasse bit is wor}?y ;

Bot wbo-so knew }e costes Jat knit ar J?er-inne, "^^ Sat^i?*

He wolde bit prayse at more prys, parauenture ; ^^^^^^^u^

For qnat gome so is gorde with J^is grene lace, For he who is

1852 Wbile be bit bade bemely balcbed aboute, green laoe,
per is no ba}?el vnder beuen to-bewe bym fat myjt ;

For be myjt not be slayn, for slyjt vpon erj?e." Sd^^^dSST"'"*'
pen kest ]?e kny^t, & bit come to bis bert,

1866 Hit were a luel for he lopard^, J?at bym iugged were, thinks of his ad-

^ . . venture at the

Wben be acbeued to >e cbapel, bis cbek forto fecb : oreen chapei.

* ^ ' ' The lady presses

Myj^be baf slypped to be vn-slayn, }e slejt were noble. Wm to accept the
penne be Julged witb bir Jrepe, & Joled bir to speke, [Foi. lie.]
1860 & bo bere on bym le belt, & bede bit bym swy^e, He consents not

•^ ^ . '' ^^ only to take the

& be gr<mted, & [bo] bym gafe witb a goud wylle, girdle, but to
& bi-sojt bym, for bir sake, disceu^r bit neu^, sionof itasecret.

Bot to lelly layne for' bir lorde ; \o leude bym acordej,
1864 patneu^wyjescbuldebitwyt,I-wysse,bot}?aytwayne,
for nojte ;

imy}t(?). »fro(?).

60^ THE KNIGHT CONCEALS THB LOVE-LACE.

He ]K>iikked hir oft M swy]?e,
Ful yro with lierfc & jK)jt
Sy%**Wi2; 1868 Bi >at on Jrynne By>e,

Ho hai^ kyst }e knyft so toft.

himfhrioe.

XXX.

Then she takes
herleftTe.

Thenne lachche^ ho hir lene, & leue^ hjm }ere,

For more myrje of }?at mon mojt ho not gete ;
2^22^5^^^ 1872 When ho* watj gon, syr G. gerej hyw sone,

Eises, & riches hjm in araye nohle,
£tSS?lS>S* Ws vp >e Inf-lace, >e Lidy hym rajt,

hi. person. Hid hit M holdely, }er he hit eft fonde ;

1876 Sj}en cheuely to }e chapel choses he }e waye,
He^tiwn hies to Freuely aproched to a prest, & prayed hyw J^ere

pat he wolde lyfte' his lyf, & lem hym hett^.

How his sawle schnlde be saued, when he schuld
seye hej^en.
^^j^J^]jJ*^5^ 1880 pere he schrof hym schyrly, & schewed his mysdede}.

Of }e more & ]?e mynne, & m^ci besechej,
tota^T** ***" *' ^ ahsolncionn he on J?e segge calles ;

& he asoyled hym sorely, & sette hym so dene,
STSTiSiSJ 1884 As domej-day schnlde hof hen dijt on >e mom.
^o^theS^ & sy]?en he mace hym as mery among ]?e fre ladyes,

woiA^^^ WttA comlych caroles, & alle kynnes ioye,

As nen^ he did hot J^at daye, to Jto derk nyft,
1888 w»tA blys ;

Vche mon hade daynte }?are,
that they eaid. Of hym, & sayde I-wysse,

"Thns merry fus mTTV he wat? neu^ are,

WM he nerer be- r ^ ti i

fore rince hither 1892 Syn he com hider, er >is.

heeame." ^ ' '

XXXI.

S^he Add!* ^^^ ^y^ ^®^^ "* ^^^ ^®®' ^^ ^^ ^^^ hi-tyde ;

^et is ]?e lorde on ]?e launde, ledande his gomnes,

ihe,iiiHS. MysteC?).

THE POX IS KILLED BY THE DOGS.

61

He hat^ foifaren }?is fox, }at he folded longe ;

1896 As he sprent oner a spenn^, to spye }e schrewe,
per as he herd J^e howndes, }^at hasted hjm swyj'e,
Eenaud com richchande jnxr^ a ro^e greue,
& alle }e rabel in a res, ry^t at his hele^.

1900 pe wyje watj war of J^e wylde, & warly abides,
& braydej out J^e bryjt bronde, & at J?e best caste^ ;
& he schunt for J^e scharp, & schidde haf arered,
A rach rapes hjm to, ryjt er he myjt,

1904 & ry^t bifore Je hors fete J^ay fel on hjm alle,
& woried me }is wyly wyth a wroth noyse.
pe lorde lyjtej bi-lyue, & cache j by^ sone.
Based hjm fal radly out of }e rach mouses,

1908 Haldej heje ouer his hede, halowej faste,
& ^&r bayen hym mony bray* hounde^ ;
Hxwites hy^ed hem J?eder, with homej fiil mony,
Ay rechatande ary^t til ]?ay }e renk se^en ;

1912 Bi }&t watj comen his compeyny noble,
Alle }?at eu^ ber bugle blowed at ones,
& alle ]?ise o^er halowed, J^at hade no homes.
Hit wat} ]?e myriest mute J^at euer men herde,

1916 pe rich rurd J^at }er wat} raysed for renaude saule,
with lote ;
Hor hounde^ J>ay }er rewarde,
Her' hedej J>ay fawne & frote,

1920 & syj>en Jay tan reynarde,

& tymen of his cote.

He has destroyed
the fox.

[Fol. 1165.]

Hespied Reynard
oommg through
a"roughgroTe,"

and tried to hit
him with his
sword.

Thefox**8hants"
and is seised by
one of the dogs.

The lord takes
him out of the
hound's mouth.

Hunters hasten
thither with
horns ftill many.

It was the mer-
riest meet that
eyer was heard.

The hounds are
rewarded,

and then they
take Reynard and
" turn off his
coat."

XXXII.

& ]7enne ]?ay helden to home, for hit watj nie^ nyjt,
Strakande fal stoutly in hor store homej ;
1924 pe lorde is lyjt at ]?e laste at hys lef home,
Fyndej fire vpon flet, Je freke }er by-side.
Sir Gawayn J?e gode, J^at glad watj with alle,
Among }e ladies for luf he ladde much ioye,

1 hym (?). 2 bra> (?). » Her her, in MS.

The hunters then
hasten home.

The lord at last
alightsat his dear
home.

where he ilndsOa-
wayne amusing
the ladies.

62 FULFILMBMT OF COVENANTS.

1928 He were a bleaunt of blwe, fat bradde to }e er^ey
His snrkot semed hym wel, jTat softe wat; f oired,
& his liode of ]?at ilke lienged on his schulder,
Thekidgiitooines Blaudo al of blauimer were bobe al aboute.

rorward and wel- '

oomM his boat, 1932 He metej me fis god man i» mydde^ }e flore,

& al with gomen he hym gret, & goudly he sayde,
^* I schal fyUe ypon fyrst onie forwaide; notij^e,
IP^^7.] pat we spedly han spoken, fer spared watj no drynk ;"

©ovenant kiaMi 1936 pen acoles he n?e] knyjt, & kysses hym Jryes,

(See 1. 1868.) j^ sauerly & sadly as he hem sette cou]?e.

tiie^^^""yl " Bifayst," quoth >at o}er knyjt, *^cach much sele,

hOT^ had much j^ cheuisauiice of Jds chaffer, jif je hade goud chepej."

1940 " ^ of J?e chepe no charg," quoth chefly J>at ojw-,
" As is pertly payed J?e chepej }?at I ajte."
" Mary," quoth }si o^er mon, " myn is bi-hynde,
L^ISid'S??*"' ^^^ ^ ^^ hunted al >is day, & nojt haf I geten,

thigfouifox, & Jat is fal pore, for to pay for suche prys Jinges,

tiSSr^^'"* As je haf fryjt me here, >ro suche >re cosses,

''^■^•" so gode."

1948 " Inoj," quoth &yr Gawayn,

" I }K)nk yow, bi J>e rode ;"

*^*^* He tolde hym, as Jay stode,

XXXIII.

Sd^SSteSlj^ 1952 With m^>e & mynstralsye, wyth metej at hor wylle,
theymademeny, p^^y ma^eu as mery as any me» mojten,

WtU lajy»g of ladies, wtt^ lotej of bordej ;
Gawayn & J?e gode mo» so glad were }?ay bo}?e,
1956 Bot if ]?e douthe had doted, o^er dronken ben o^er^
Bo]?e \q mon & \q meyny maden mony iape^,
onta the time Til J?e sesou» watj sejen, J>at J?ay seuer moste ;

^e or em Bumej to hor bedde be-houed at J>e laste.

1960 pe»ne lojly his leue at J^e lorde fyrst
leay^S hia boat, Fochche^ ]7is fro mon, & fayre he hym ]K>nkke} ;

J

QAWAYNE TAKES LEAVE OP HIS HOST.

63

'' Of sach a sellyly^ Boiome, as I haf hade here.
Yo ur hono ur, at J^is hyje fest, J^e hyje ky«g yow jelde !
1964 iTjef ypw me for on of yowrej, if yowre-self lykej,
For I mot nedes, as ^e wot, meue to mome ;
& ^ me take sum toike, to teche, as je hy^t,
pe gate to }e grene chapel, as god wyl me suffer
1968 To dele, on nw^erej day, J?e dome of my wyrdes."

" In god fayj^e," quoth }e god mon, " wyth a goud

wylle;
Al ]?at eu^ I yov hyjt, halde schal I rede."
per asyngnes he a seruaiint, to sett hym in }e waye,
1972 & Goundue hym by }e downej, ]?at he no drechch had,
For to f[e]rk Jmrj J>e fryth, & fare at }e gaynest,
hi greue.
pe lorde Glawayn con ]7onk,
1976 Such worchip he wolde hym weue ;

pen at }o ladye^ wlonk,
pe kny^t hat^ tan his leue.

and thanks him
for his happy
"sojourn."

He asks for a

man to teach him
the way to the
OreenChapeL

A serrant is as-
signed to him,

[Fol. 1176.]

and then he takes
leave of the la-
dies.

XXXIV.

With care & wyth kyssywg he carppej hem tille,
1980 & fele )rryuande J^onkkej he }?rat hom to haue,

& J?ay jeld^n hym ajay[n] jeply J?at ilk ;

pay bikende hym to kryst, with fol colde sykynge).

Syjen fro J?e meyny he menskly de-partes ;
1984 Yche mon ]?at he mette, he made hem a J^onke,

For his seruyse, & his solace, & his sere pyne,

pat JTay wyth busynes had ben, aboute hym to serue;

& vche segge as sore, to sen^ wttA hym J^ere,
1988 As J^y hade wonde worj^ly w»t^ }?at wlonk eu^r.

pen with ledes & Ijxt he watj ladde to his chambre, He retires to rest,

' "' ' ' but sleeps but

& blyj^ely brojt to his bedde, to be at his rest ; little,

^ he ne slope soundly, say ne dar I,

kissinff them sor -
rowfttlly.

They commend
him to Christ.

He then departs,

thanking each

onehemeets"for

hisi

solace.'

8eUy(?>,

64 A STORMY NEW YEAB's DAY.

totSSk of^ttl ^^^^ -^^^ ^® ^^® muche on J?e mom to mynne, pf he wolde,

morrow. in >Ojt ;

i^him there lie Let hym lyje }ere stille,

He hatj^ nere }?at lie sojt,
Sd"f sSTS^n 1996 &?e^wylawhylebeBtyUe,

^ *^^ I sclial telle yow how }?ay wrojt.

[FYTTE THE FOTJETH.]
I.

^^LhS! ^^ IVT^^ ^^^^ ^^ nwjere, & >e nyjt passej,

XI pe day drynej to J>e derk, as dryjtyn bidde; ;

^toweather is 2000 Bot wylde wederej of }e worlde wakned J^eroute,
Clowdes kesten kenly }e colde to J?e erj^,
Wyth nyje* in-nogh^ of J?e norj^e, J^e naked to tene ;

Bnow iUiB, pe snawe snitered fal snart, }ai snayped ]?e wylde ;

2004 pe werbelande wynde wapped fro }e hyje,

The dales are fui & diof Yche dale fill of dryftes ful grete.

of drift. •' ^

pe leude lystened ful wel, ]?at le^ in his bedde,
paj he lowke^ his liddej, ful lyttel he slepes ;
hed^2«irs each 2008 Bi Ych kok ]7at CTue, he knwe wel ]?e steuen.
[FoL 118.] Deliu^ly he dressed vp, er }e day spienged^

For fere wat} ly^t of a lau[in]pey ]?at lemed in his
chambre ;
He calls for his He Called to his chamberlayn, J^at oofly hym swared,

an^ ^id-. h\m 2012 & bodo hym bryng hym his bruny, & his blonk sadel ;
WTDour. pat o)er ferkej hyi» vp, & feche; hym his wedej,

& grayj?ej me syr Gawayn vpon a grett wyse.
Fyrst he clad hym in his cloj^e^, ]?e colde for to were ;
2016 & By]?en his o^er hamays, }ai holdely wat} keped,
Bo]?e his paunce, & his platej, piked ful clone,
Men knock o€ be ryngc}' rokked of be roust, of his riche bruny ;

the tUBt from his -^ "^ ®^ f ^ j 9

tisk hmh^rgefm, & al watj frosch as vpon fyrst, & he watj fayn ]?enne

2020 to >oiik ;

* wat} (?). 2 nywe (?). ' rynkej (?)."

i

GAWAYNE CALLS FOR HIS STEED. . 65

He hade vpon vche pece,
Wypped fal wel & wlonk ;
/: pe gayest in to Grece,
2024 l^ebumebedebrywghisblonk. SL£?&*.^

II.

Whyle ^e wlonkest wedes he warp on hym-seluen ; JJ^i?^^®*
His cote, wyth Je conysanwce of }e clere werke^, ^^^ iveeda,
Ennumed vpon yeluet Yertanua^ stonej,

2028 Aboute beten, & bounden, enbrauded seme^,
& fayre farred wtt^iwne wyth fayre pelures.
Jet laft he not Je lace, J>e ladiej giffce, Jbe '"^,»?**tiie

pat for-gat not (Jawayn, for gode of hym-seluen ; ^*^^'" *"**

2032 £i he hade belted }e bronde ypon his bal^e haunchej,

penwe dressed he his drurye double hym aboute ; JSded his toSS^
SwyJ?e swe}?led vmbe his swange swetely, Jat knyjt,
pe gordel of J?e grene silke, J?at gay wd bi-semed,

2036 Ypon }?at ryol red doje, }?at ryche watj to schewe.

Bot wered not J^is ilk wyje for wele J>is gordel, ge jJ^^^j^^t^^J*

For pryde of }e pendaimtej, J>aj polyst J^ay were, *°«°**»
& }&} )e glyt^ande golde glent vpon endej,

2040 Bot forto saue» hym-self, when suffer hym bi-houed, ^^^STit^I
To byde bale w«tA-oute dabate, of bronde hym to were, JStct..!^ ***
o}er knyffe ; .
Bi ]?at }e bolde mon bou»,

2044 Wy»nej J^eroute bilyue,

Alle J>e meyny of renoun, ^mvT^he^^

He >onkkej offce fal ryue. ^^ ^ *«•

III.
Thenne watj Gryngolet gray}?e, J>at gret watj & huge, [Poi. ii86.]
2048 & hade ben soiowmed sauerly, & i» a siker wyse, k«>i«* Mrrayed,
Hym lyst prik for poywt, J^atproude hors J?e»ne ; prick onf
pe wyje wywnej hym to, & wytej on his lyre,
& sayde soberly hym-self, & by his soth swerej,

1 yertvLOus {}).

66 THE KNIGHT SETS OUT ON HIS JOURNEY.

2052 ''Here is a meynj in fia mote, J^at on menske J^nkke^,
SSttfffortbe" P^ ^^^ ^®™ maynteines, ioy mot }a,j liaue ;

Hr sho*;^^^- Pe leue lady, on lyne Inf hir bityde ;

^*^ ^ ^^' Jif }sLj for charyt^ cherysen a gest,

2056 & lialden honour in her honde, }e ha]?el hetn ^elde,
pat halde^ ^ henen ypon hy^e, & al-so yow alle !
& ^if I myjt lyf vpon londe lede any quyle,
I Bchuld rech yow sum rewaide redyly, if I myjt."
He ^n 8^ 2060 penne steppe^ he in-to stirop, & strydej alofte ;

Hiis schalk schewed hym his schelde, on schnlder he

hit lajt,
Gorde^ to Gryngolet, with his gilt helej,
and "Btarts on & he staite^ on le ston, stod he no lenger,

the 8tone»' with- ^^^ , ' ,

out more delay. 2064 to praunce ;

His ha]?el on hors watj ]?enne,
l7at here his spere & launce.

"This castle to y«^» ^^*« "*» o^/^xo «/ xaix#»^.

Christ I com- / " pis kastel to krvst I kenne,

mend ; may he ^ ^ i

give it ever good 2068 Ho gef hit ay god chaunce ! "

IV.

The gates are The brygge watj brayde doun, & }e brode jatej

soon opened. -rr-ii«^ i-.ii

Vn-barred, & bom open, vpon hope halne ;
SiSSnl^*'***** P® bume blessed hym bilyue, & }e bredej passed ;

2072 Prayses }?e porter, bifore J^e prynce kneled,

Gef hym god & goud day, }?at Gawayn he sane ;
and goes on his & went on his way, wtt^ his wy?e one,

wayaccompanied •" •'' '

by his guide. pat schulde toche hyw to towme to J^t tene place,

2076 per J?e rufiil race he schulde re-sayue.
pay bo^en bi bonkkej, ^er bojej ar bare,
ciiS^ ^ °* ^ pay domben bi clyfEej, J?er clengej Je colde;

pe heuen watj vp halt, bot vgly J?er vhder,
2080 Mist muged on )^e mor, malt on ]?e moiintej,
h^il S?|^™ Vch hiUe hade a hatte, a myst-hakel huge ;

"^'"^ ' Brokej byled, & broke, bi bonkkej aboute,

Schyre schat^rande on schorej, }er J>ay doun schowued.
[Foi. 119.] 2084 Welawylle watj }e way, J>er J^ay bi wod schulden,

HE ABIDES A WHILE ON A HILL.

67

2088

2092

2096

2100

2104

2108

2112

2116

Til hit wat^ sone sesoiin, ]?at ]?6 sunne ryses,
J^attyde;

|7ay were on a hille ful hyje,

pe quyte snaw lay bisyde ;

pe bume J^at rod hyjw by,

Bede his mayster abide.
V.
'* For I haf woimen jow hider, wyje, at Jis tymei
& now nar ^e not fer fro y&t note place,
pat, ^e han spied & epwcyed so specially aft^r ;
Bot I schal say yow for soj^, syj^en I yow knowe,
& je ar a lede ypon lyne, ]?at I wel louy,
Wolde je worch bi my wytte, je worj^ed Je bettw.
pe place J^at ^e prece to, fal perelous is halden ;
per wonej a wyje in J^at waste, J?e worst vpon erj?e ;
For he is stiffe, & stume, & to strike louies,
& more he is }en any mon ypon myddelerde,
& his body bigger }en }e best fowie,
pat ar i» ArJ^ure^ how, hestor^ o}er o^er.
He cheue^ ^at chaunce at j^e chapel grene ;
per passes non bi }at place, so proude in his armes,
pat he ne dynne^ hym to de]7e, witA dynt of his honde ;
For he is a mon methles, & mercy non vses.
For be hit chorle, o}er chaplayn, }?at bi J?e chapel rydes,
Monk, o^er masse-prest, o^er any mon elles,
Hym )^ynk as queme hjm to quelle, as quyk go hy*»

seluen.
For-J?y I say )?e as soje a s ^e i n sadel sitte.
Com je J?ere, je be kylled, [I] may }e knyjt rede,
Trawe ^e me J^at trwely, }?aj ^e had twenty lyues
to spende ;

He hatj wonyd here ful pre.

On bent much baret bende,

Ajayn his dyutej sore,

Je may not yow defende."
1 Hector (?).

vntil dftylight.

They were then
on a **hill foil
Wgh."

The MTvant bade
his master abide,
saying,

"I hare brought
you hither,

▼earenotnowfar
Rom the noted
place.

Full perilous is it
esteemed.

The lord of that
'waste' is stiff
and stem.

Hisbodvisbigger
'than the best
four in Arthur's
house.*

None passes by
the Oreen Chapel,
* that he does not
ding him to death
with dint of hia
hand.'

For be it churl
or chaplain,
monk, mass-
priest, 'or any
man else,' he
kUls them alL

He has lived
there Mil Icmg.

Agataist his dints
sore, ye may not
defend you.

68 THE WAY TO THE GREEN CHAPEL.

VI.

si?Gawr* e°i2 " ^or-Jy, goudg syr Gawayn, let }e gome one,

this man alone. & gotj a-way Bam o\er gate, Tppn gqdde^ halue ;

regionr"*^** " 2120 Cayrej bi sum o\er kyth, J?er kryst mot yow spede ;

[Foi. 1195.] & I schal hyj me horn ajayn, & hete yow^rrre,

andsomissainto, \ pat I schal sworo bi god, & aUo bis gode baljef,
say that ever ye I As help me god & \q balydam, & oJ?ej in-noglw,

from any man."^ 2124 |?at I scbal lelly jow layno, & lance neu^ tale,
pat eu^ je fondet to fle, for fireke J>at I wyst."
" Grant m^ci," c^uoth Gawayn, & grucbyng be sayde,
" Wei wortb J?e wyje, JTat woldej my gode,
2128 & \dX lelly me layne, I leue wel Jou woldej !
that uT^hon^thte Bot belde yaxi it nen^ so bolde, & I here passed,

mar^ him* M a Founded for ferde for to fle, i» fourme J^t J»£U teller,

I were a knyjt kowarde, I myjt not* be excnsed.
To the Chapel/ 2132 Bot I wjl to be cbapel, for cbannce kit may falle,

therefore, he will j i r j r j ^

»o, & talk wytb J?at ilk tulk ]?e tale J^at me lyste,

"WorJ^e bit wele, o^er wo, as J>e wyrde lykej
bitbafe;
teV^t^T' 2136 paje be be a stum knape,

stem knave. rpo stijtol, &» stad WtU staue,

G^deTS hS ^ul wel con dry^tyn scbape,

servants for to tt" i. ^ -l. i>

Bave.»» His seruauntej forto saue.'

YII.

" Maiy !»' quoth 2140 "Mary!" qwo^A J?at oJ?^mo», "now ^ous o mncbspellej,
th^^^to^iJSlr^ ^^^ l'^^ ^^* yj^ ^^^^ ^y® nyme to ^-seluen,

S£ thyTeimet * t^ ^^t lesc >y lyf, ^Icttc I ne ke^ ;

thy^p^S S* -^^ ^®^ t ^®1°^® ®^ f y ^®^®» }^ ^®^ ^'^ ]} bonde,

Md^ride down 2144 & ryde me doun Jis ilk rake, bi pn rokke syde,
JpdcSdde,^^ ^""^ Til Jou be brojt to >e bo>em of >e brem valay ;

thlhS?toiTth2 Penne loke a Httel on >e launde, on fi lyfte bonde,

Look^a little to & i^^ scbal SO i» J^at slade J>e self cbapel,

Md^thou Shalt 2148 & J>e borelycb bume on bent, Jat bit kepej.
seff and the man Now farej wel on godcj balf, Gawayn \e noble,

that guards it."

* mot, in MS. « & &, in MS.

GAWAYNE TAKES LEAVE OF HIS GUIDE.

69

Por alle }e golde vpon grounde I nolde go wylh J?e,
Ne here }e felajschip ]mrj jds fiyth on fote fyire.'*
2162 Bi }?at J?e wyje in J?e wod wendej his brydel,
Hit ]?e hors with ]?e hele^, as harde as he my^t,
Lepe^ hym oner J^e latutde, & leuej ]?e kny^t ]?ere,
alone.
2156 " Bi goddej self," quoth Gawayn,

" I wyl naxL^er grete ne grone,
To goddej wylle I am fol bayn,
& to hym I haf me tone."

Haviiig thus
spoken, the guide
takes leave of the
knight.

*«ByGod»8 8elf,"
says Sir Ga-
wayne, "I will
neither weep nor
groan.

To God's will I
am full ready."

vin.

2160 Thenne gyrdej he to Gryngolet, & gederej J?e rake,
Schowue^ in bi a schore, at a schaje syde,
Ride^ Jmrj }e roje bonk, ryjt to J?e dale ;
& J?enne he wayted hjm aboute, & wylde hit hy»i }?ojt,

2164 & se^ no syngne of resette, bi-syde^ nowhere,
Bot hyje bonkke^ & brent, vpon boJ?e halue,
& ruje knokled knarre^, wM knomed stone^ ;
J7e skwej of J?e scowtes skayned* hym J^ojt.

2168 penne he honed, & wytlthylde his hors at J^t tyde,
& ofte channged his cher, ]?e chapel to seche ;
He sej non suche in no syde, & selly hym J?ojt,
Sone a lyttel on a launde, a lawe as hit we[re] ;

2172 A balj berj, bi a bonke, Je brymmo by-syde,
Bi a for J of a flode, J?ejt forked }?are ;
pe borne blubred J^r-inne, as hit boyled hade.
pe knyjt kachej his caple, & com to J>e lawe,

2176 Lijtej donn luflyly, & at a lynde tachej

pe rayne, & his riche, with a roje braunche ;
J7enne he bo^e^ to ^e ber^e, aboute hit he walke^,
Debetande with hym-self, quat hit be my^t.

2180 Hit hade a hole on ]?e ende, & on ay]?er syde,
& ou^-growen with gresse m glodes ay where,
& al wat} hoi} in-wit^, no-bot an olde caue,

* skayned (?).

[Fol. 120.]
Then he pursues
his journey,

rides through the
dale, and looks
about.

He sees no sign
of aresting-plaoe,
but only high and
steep banks.

No chapel oould
he discern.

At last he sees a
hill by the side
of a stream ;

Thither he goes,

alights and fias-
tens his horse to
a branch of a tree.

He walks around
the hill, debating
with himself
what it might be,

70 GA WAYNE FINDS THE OREEN CHAPEL.

and at last findi Or a deoifise of an olde cnurse, he eouhe hit noit deme

an old care in the -^o-^ x /

eng. 2184 with spelle,

" y^/ lo rde/* quoth }e gentyle kny^t,
'< Whe)?er ]nB be ]?e grene chapelie ;
abo^^idnight He myft aboute myd-ny^t,

matSol^ 2188 pe dele his maiynnes telle ! "

IX.

««Trniy,»»iayBSir " l^ow I-wjTsse," quoth Wowayn, "wysty is here ;

desert isliere, pig oritoie is v^yi With erbej ou^-giowen ;

tti^Sff**'" "Wei bisemej }^ wyje wruxled in grene

deTotiOT8*tnde^ ^^^^ ^^® ^^^ ^ deuocioun, on }e deuelej wyse ;
fSftshion.* -^fy^ I feie hit is J?e fende, in my fyne wyttej^

pat hatf stoken me J^is steuen, to strye me here ;
It is the most P^ ^ ^ chapel of mesohaimce, J^at chekke hit by-tyde,

S^^t^"* 2196 Hit k >e corsedest kyrk, >at eu^ I com iime !"

[Foi. 1206.] With he^ helme on his hede, his lannce in his honde,

SThSS timd ^® ^°^®J vp to J?e rokke of >o roj wcmej;

°®^ pene herde he of ]?at hyje hil, in a harde roehe,

^m beyond the 2200 ii^pnde J?e broke, in a bonk, a wonder breme noyse.
It cuttered like Quat ! hit clat^ed in |?e clyff, as hit cleae schnlde.

the grinding of a ^ ^ ' ^

scytoeonagrind- As one vpon a gryndelston hade grounden a syj?e ;

It whirred like a What ! hit wharred, & whette, as wat^r at a mnlne,

nill-ttreani.

2204 What ! hit rusched, & ronge, raw]^ to here.

penne "bi godde," qwoMQawayn, "J^at gereas'I trowe,
Is ryehed at ]?e reu^rence, me renk to mete,
hi rote;
2208 Let god worche we loo,

"Though my life Hit helppe^ me not a mote,

the taight, "no My lif ]?a) I for-goo,

noiseshaUtcrrify ^ , ,7 ,' „

ine.»» Drede dotj me no lote."

X.

mien cried he 2212 Thenne J^ knyjt con calle fol hyje,

hCT? diwoSse " ^^^ stijtlej in J?is sted, me steuen to holde ?

withmetoholdr*

» wel (?). « at, m MS.

HE MEETS WITH THE OREEN KNIGHT.

71

For now is gode Gawayn goande ryjt here,
If aay wyje ojt wyl wynne hider fast,

2216 0}er now, o}er nener, his nedej to spede."

** Abyde," quoth on on Jtc bonke, abouen ou^ his hede,
'^ & ^ou schal haf al in hast, J^at IJ^e^hyjt ones."
Jet he rusched on J»t mrde, rapely a )«rowe,

2220 & wyth quettywg a- wharf, er he wolde lyjt ;

& syj?en he keu^ej bi a OTagge, & comej of a hole,
"Whyrlande out of a wro, wyth a felle weppen,
A denej ax nwe dy^t, J^e dynt with [t]o jelde

2224 With a borelych bytte, bende by J^e hahne,
Fyled in a fylor, fowre fote large.
Hit watj no lasse, bi ]?at lace J^at lemed ful bry^t.
& }e gome in }e grene gered as fyrst,

2228 BoJ?e }e lyre & Je leggej, lokkej, & berde.

Sane J?at fayre on his fote he foimde^ on )?e erj?e,
Sette ]fe stele to the stone, & stalked bysyde.
When he wan to Je watter, }er he wade nolde,

2232 He hypped^ ou^ on hys ax, & orpedly strydej,
Bremly bro)?e on a bent, Jat brode watj a-boute,
on snawe.
Syr Gawayn }?e knyjt con mete,

2236 He ne lutte hjm no jfjng lowe,

J7at o}er sayde, " now, Bt/r swete,
Of steuen mon may }?e trowe."

Now is the ^ood
Qawayne going
aright.

He hears a Toice
commanding him
to abide where
he is.

Soon there comes
outofa hole, with
a fell weapon,

a Danish axe,
quite new,

the "knight in
greezi." <uothed
as before.

When he reaches
the stream, he
hops over and
stndes about.

FFol. 121.]
He meets Sir Qa-
wayne without
obeisance.
The other tells
him that he is
now ready for
conversation.

XI.

"Gawayn," quoth Jat grene gome, "god j^e mot loke !

2240 I-wysse }ou art welcom,^ wyje, to niy place,

& you hat J tymed }i tranayl as true^ mon schulde ;
& ]^ou knowej J^e couenauwtej kest yus by-twene.
At Jis tyme twelmonyth J?ou toke }at }e failed,

2244 & I schulde at J^is nwe jere jeply }e quyte.
& we ar i» Jis valay, v^ayly onre one.
Here ar no renkes ys to rydde, rele as yu8 like^ ;

"God preserve
thee!" says the
Green Knight,

"as a true knight
* thou hast timed
thy travel.'
Thou knowest
the covenant be-
tween us,
that on New
Year's day I
should return thy
blow.

Here we are
alone;

1 welcon, in MS.

» tftiee, in MS.

72 OAWAYNB PBEPABES FOR THE BLOW.

H»ye off thy Haf W W heliAe of hy hede, & haf here hj pay :

helmet and take '^^ ^^ -^^ '

thy pay at once." 2248 Busk no more debate \en I \e bede J^enne,

When Jwu wypped of my hede at a wap one."

^:rGod,»»qiM)th "Nay, bi god," qwo^A Gawayn, " J?at me gost lante,

•***^»^*Jj^^ I Bchal gruch \e no grwe, for grem J?at faUe^ ;

"^^ 2252 Bot styjtel )^ vpon on strok, & I schal stonde stylle,

& warp \e no wemyng, to worch as J^ lykej,
no whare."

2256 & Bchewed }?at schyre al bare,

& lette as he no^t dutte,
danntSJT"" ^' For drede he wolde not dare.

xn.

Then the man hi Then ]^ gome in ]^ grene grayj^ed hym swy]^,

ttieen seizes "^^

grim tool. 2260 6edere| vp hys grymme tole, Gawayn to smyte ;

vn^ au his force WttA alle >e bur in his body he her hit on lofte,

he rAises it aloft. ^ •^ '

Munt as ma^tyly, as maire hym he wolde ;

Hade hit dryuen adoun, as drej as he atled,
2264 per hade ben ded of his dynt, J«it dojty watj eu^.

Bot Ghiwayn on J?at giseme glyffce hym bysyde,
do^!^*"*^^* As hit com glydande adonn, on glode hym to schende,

Sir Gawayne & schianke a lytel wftA Ito schulderes, for )?e schurp

shrank a Uttle '^ ^ i r r

-with his shonl- yme.

2268 pat Q^er schalk wyth a schunt \q schene wyth-halde^,
^* ^wHJ*" ^ J^enne repreued he Jto prynce wttA mony prowde

mg. worde^ :

*Gawa?nfthSt\s "pOH Bxt not Gawajm," quoth J?e gome, "J?at is bo

sogoodesteemed, "^ "g^^^ haldep,

j?at neu^ arjed for no here, by hylle ne be vale,
[FoL 1216.] 2272 & now \p\i fles for ferde, er ]70U fele harme^ ;
fSr^iSo^tii^ Such cowardise of >at knyjt cow>e I neu^rr here.

?neTc?^ched Nawjtff fyked I, ne flaje, freke, quen J?ou myntest,

JrSkes^'* Ne kest no kanelacoun, in kyngej hot« Arthor,

My head flew to 2276 My hede flaj to my fote, & jet flaj I neuer ;
never fled, & ^q^^ er any harme hent, arjej in hert,

HE IS REPROVED BY THE GREEN KNIGHT. 73

Wherfore }e better bume me burde be called JJ^ttoSecaiied

J?^-fore." ^ ^^^ "**^"

2280 Quoth G : , " I schtmt onej, "idinntedonce.-

&sowylInomore, ?Rt^^'
Bot ^ my bede falle on }e stone^,
I con not bit restore.

XIII.
2284 Bot bnsk, bume, bi Vi faytb, & bryng me to 1?e poynt, Bring me to th«

, • s *■ 1 pcrint; deftl ma

Dele to me my destine, & do bit out of bonde, my destiny at

■ — - onoe."

For I Bcbal stonde J^e a strok, & start no more,
Til \jn ax baue me bitte, baf bere my traw}?e."

2288 " Haf at >e >enne," <]uoth }at o}er, & beuej bit alofte, *J^^J? ^ ^^
& waytej as wro]?ely, as be wode were ; **^®'^-

He myntej at bym majtyly, bot not }e mon ryuej, J^^wSJ^
Witb-belde bet^ly b[i]s bonde, er bit burt myjt.

2292 Gawayn grayjely bit bydej, & glent with no membre, ^ThS^bu?^''
Bot stode stylle as J?e ston, o}er a stubbe au]?er, »I^^ '*"* **

pat rajTeled is in rocbe grounde, with rote^ a bundretb.
pen muryly efte con be mele, J^e mon in J^e grene,

2296 " So now >ou batj >i bert boUe, bitte me bibou[e]s ; o^fcSJS."!
Halde >ejiow >e byje bode, >at Ar>ur >e rajt, SSStbyhSSi.

& kepe J7y kanel at J?is kest, jif bit keu^ may." whole."

G : M gryndelly wttA greme j?enne sayde,

2300 ** Wy J^rescb on, ^u J^ro mon, Jou Jretej to longe, "^'^^^ °?»"
I bope Jat J?i bert arje wytb jTyn awen seluen."
"For 8oJ?e,*' quoth J?at o}?er freke, "so felly Jwu spekef,
I wyl no leng^ on lyte lette J^in emde,

2304 rijte nowe."

penne tas be^ bym stryf e to stryke, SSi^^i^'**^

& frounses boj^e lyppe & browe, "^ to •t^*-

No meruayle J?aj hym myslyke,

2308 pat boped of no rescowe.

1 he he, in MS.

74 OAWATNB RECBIVKS THE BLOW.

XIV.

He let fau his He lyftes Ij^tlj his lome, & let hit doun fa3rre,

[Foi. 122.5 With J?e barbe of }e bitte bi }?e bare nek ;

n^ ^ «J ^ paj he homered het^ly, hurt hjm no more,

wayne. 2312 Bot snjrt hym on J?at on syde, J?at seiwred J?e hyde ;

weapon^erced P^ scharp Bchrank to }e flesche ^m^ }e schyre grece,

the hiood fbwed! pat }e schene blod ou^ his schulderes schot to }e er]^.

When the knight & quen J?e biime se^ ]?e blode blenk on ]?e snawe,

the snow, 2316 He sprit forth spenne fote more )?en a spere len]?e,

Hent het^ly his helme, & on his hed oast,
Schot with his 8chiild^*e} his fayre schelde ynder,

he unsheathed ^ , , , , , ,

Mb sword, and Braydej out a bryjt sworde, & bremely he speke^ ;

2320 Keu^ syn ]7at he wat^ bume borne of his moder,
"Watj he neiwr in }ns worlde, wyje half so blyj?e : —
th'^Sow"^*^ ^ " Blynne, bnme, of J?y bur, bede me no mo ;

I haf a stroke in j^is sted w^tA-oute stryf hent,
ii^Si^^Smy 2^2^ * ^ J'^^ rechej me any mo, I redyly schal quyte,
SS ^ "^"^^ & ?elde jederly ajayn, &}erto^e tryst,

& foo ;
Onr agrreement Bot 00 stroke here me falle|,

stipulates only

one stroke." 2328 J?e couenauwt schap ryjt soo,

[Sikered]* in Ar)?urej hallej,
& J?er-fore, hende, now hoo !"

TheOreenKnight The hal?el heldot hvm fro, & on his ax rested,

rested on his axe, r J y ~»

XV.

hym 1
2332 fiette j^e schaft vpon schore, & to ]?e scharp lened,
iS^*e *who mI * loked to Je leude, J?at on ]?e launde jede,

j^w£ hold and ^qw Jat dojty dredles deruely )?er stondej.

Armed ful ajlej ; in hert hit hym lykej.
2336 JJenn he melej muryly, wyth a much steuen,
Sm asSiows : & wyth a r[a]ykande rurde he to }?e renk sayde,

«*Boid knight, be « Boldo bume, ou Ws bent be not so gryndel ;

not so wroth, ^ ' r & / >

No mon here vn-man^ly Je mys-boden habbe,
2340 Ke kyd, bot as couenaunde, at kynge^ kort schaped ;

1 Illegible.

HB IS REMINDED OF THE LOVE-LACE.

76

I hj^ye a strok, & }?ou bit hal^, halde }e wel payed,
I relece }?e of }e remnaunt, of ryjtes aSe oj^er ;
Jif ^ I deliuet had bene, a boffet, parau^et^r,
2344 Icou}?ewroJdokerhflf waret,[&]tq^haf wrojtang^.'
Fyrst I mansed J^ mnryly, with a mynt one,
& roue^ Wytii no rof, sore with ryjt I ^e profered,
For Jto forwarde Jat we fest in }e lyrst nyjt,
2348 & y<m trystyly Jto trawj^e & trwiy me haldej,
Al }7e gayne ^ow me gef, as god mon scbulde ;
pat 0^ munt for ]^ mome, mon, I ^ej>rofered,
pou kyssedes my clete wyf, J^e cossej me ra^tej,
2352 For boj^e two here I J^e bede bot two bare myntes,
boute sca]?e ;
Trwe mon trwe restore,
pewne )?ar mow drede no wa^ ;
2366 At )e J^rid ]>ou flayled Jyore,

& }?^-for J>at teppe ta J?e.

XYI.
For hit is my wede Jat Jou werej, )wjt ilke wonen girdel,
Myn owen wyf hit ^ weued, I wot wel forso)^ ;

2360 Now know I wel J?y cosses, & Jy costes als,
& )?e wowy»g of my wyf, I wrojt it myseluen ;
I sende hir to asay Jto, & sothly me j^ynkke^,
On Jto fautlest freke, )?at eu«^ on fote jede ;

2364 As perle bi Jto quite pese is of prys more,

So is Oawayn, in god fayth, bi o}er gay knyjtej.
Bot here yow lakked a lyttel, syr, & lewte yow wonted,
Bot Jat watj for no wylyde werke, ne wowywg n&xxj^er,

2368 Bot for je Infud yowr lyf, }e lasse I yow blame."
pat oJ?er stif mon in study stod a gret whyle ;
So agreued for greme he gryed with-inne,
Alle }e blode of his brest blende in his face,

2372 pat al he schrank for schome, ]mt }e schalk talked,
pe forme worde vpon folde, J?at }e freke meled, —

I promised thee
a Btr(dce and thou
hast it, be satis-
fled.

I coold have dealt
worse with thee.

[Fol. 122».]
I moiaced thee
with one blow for
the covenant be-
tween OS on the
first night.

Another I aimed
at thee because
thou kissedst
my wife.

A true man
should restore
truly, and then
he need fear no
harm.

Thou failedst at
the third time,
and therefore
taketheethattap.
(See 1. 1861.)

For my wefed

(woT«i by my

wife) thou wear-

est.

Iknow thy kisses

and my wife's

wooing.

I sent her to try
thee,

and faultless I
found thee.

But yet thou sin-
nedst a little,

for love of thy
life-^* ■

Oawayne stands
confounded.

1 uf , in ]

2 This word is doubtful.

76 GAWAYNB CURSES HIS COWARDICE.

I1^^™*S^ TOW- **^Corsed worth cowarddyse & couetyse boJ?e !

"^J^lJ^S*" In yow is vylwiy & vyse, J«it virtue disstrye}.'*

Jg^»nhBMtatoioir 2376 penne he kf^ to }e knot, & J?e kest lawsej,
kSJht ** ^ *^* Brayde bro)?ely J^ belt to J?e bume seluen :

^^ Lo ! ]?er ]?e Mssyng, foule mot hit Mle !
^^^J^J^ ^ For care of Jry knokke cowardyse me tajt

2380 To a-corde me wttA couetyse, my kynde to for-sake,
pat is larges & lewte, ]?at longer to knyitej.
h^^^%MT9 ^^^ ®^ ^ fewty, & falce, & ferde haf been eu#r ;

unSaS?^*^ **' ^ trecherye & vn-traw}^ bo)?e bityde sorje

2384 & care !

[PoL 12S.] I bi-knowe yow, kny^t, here stylle,

Al fawty is my fere,
Letej me ou^-take yowr wylle,
2388 & efte I schal be ware."

XVII.

Then the other, Thonn loje J?at oj?^ leude, & luflyly sayde,

•pole : ' "I halde hit hardily^ hole, )?e harme Jat I hade ;

fewed* "i *^' E'^^J^ confessed so clone, be-knowen of )>y m yssesy

2392 & hat^ ^e penaunce apert, of )?e poynt of myn egge,

M**weM^tf thSa ^ halde ^ polysed of J?at plyjt, & pured as clone,

hjdrt never been j^ ^^ hadej neiwr forfeted, syj^en Jou watj fyrst borne.

I give thee, ^ & I gif ]?e, s^r, ^e gurdel ]?at is golde hemmed ;

girtE, 2396 For hit is grene as my goune, syr G : , je maye

J?enk vpon J?is ilke Jnrepe, }er }o\i forth J'rynge}
Among prynces of prys, & J?is a pure token

Hdratore at ^ ^^ J'® chaunce of J^ grene chapel, at cheualrotM kny^tej ;

o^a^tomy ^^^^ & jejchal in J?is nwe jer ajayn to my wonej,

SS^fo? thf Ji! * w® ^^J^ ^^^^ 1^ remnaunt of >is ryche fest,

matod^^^of the ful bene."

per la]?ed hym fast ^e lorde,
2404 & sayde, " wttA my wyf, I wene,

We schal yow wel acorde,
pat watj yoMT enmy kene."

» haxdilyly, in MS.

women's wiles have beguiled him. 77

XYHI.

"Nay, for so]?e/' quoth )e segge, & sesed hys helme, "^"^IJ^J®****^"

2408 & hatj liit of hendely, & >e ha>el >onkkej,

" I haf Boiomed sadly, sele yow bytyde, ^^sSJuy.St^

& lie jelde hit jow jare, J^at |arkke^ al menskes ! ^*^* ^^ ^

& comauwdej me to J?at cortays, yow comlycli fere, ^^'**°™^ ™J^

2412 Bo>e >at on & >at o}er, myn honowred ladyej, i^y*5ho°^?S
pat }us hor knyjt wyth hor kest han koyntly bigyled. ^v^^ "»••

Bot hit is no ferly, >aj a fole madde, ?5*^A"^ to

& Jnrj wyles of wymmen be wonen to sorje ; Jji^^ou^ a

2416 For so wat? Adam in erde with one bygyled, woman's wUes.

^ joj » Adam, Solomon,

& Salamon with fele sere, & Samson eft sonej, ?fdw^°bSuuS

Dalyda dalt hym hys wyrde, & Dauyth )?er-aft^ ^y women.
"Watj blended with Barsabe, J?at much bale ]K)led.
2420 Now J?ese were wrathed wyth her wyles, htt were a

Wynne huge, HoweouW a man

To Inf horn wel, & leue hem not, a leude >at cou>e, uTye^^JotT

For J?e8 wer fome* J?e freest J^at foljed alle J?e sele, [^oi. »«»•]
Ex-ellently of alle }?yse oJ?w, vnder heuen-ryche,
2424 ]7at mused ;
& alle Jay were bi-wyled.

With* wymmen >at >ay vsed, Tho«rh i be now

paj I be now bigyled, ffil^ ?htnid

2428 Me J?ink me burde be excused.'' ^ ^"**^'

XIX.

" Bot yowr gordel," quoth G : " god yow for-jelde ! ^^^ g^ySST^
pat wyl I welde wyth good wyUe, not for )e wynne «*^®-

golde,
Ke ]?e saynt, ne )?e sylk, ne J^e syde pendaundes,
2432 For wele, ne for worchyp, ne for J?e wlonk werkkej,

Bot in syngne of my surfet I schal se hit ofte ; remembrance of

When I ride in renoun, remorde to myseluen "*^

pe &xit & }e fayntyse of ^e flesche crabbed,

* fonne (?). • with wyth, in MS.

78 THK GREEN KNIGHT REVEALS HIS NAME.

2436 How tender hit is to entyse teches of fylj?e ;
^i priS m^*^* * y^f ^^®^ pryde schal me pryk, for prowes of annes^

a look to this laoe pe loke to Ms luf lace schal lel^e my hert.

shall abate it. i 'f

Bot on I wolde yov p ray, displeses yow. neugr;
2440 Syn ^e be lorde of the ponder londe, ]^er I haf lent inne,
' Wyth yow wyth worschyp, — }e wyje hit yow jelde

J7at vp-haldej J?e heuew, & on hyj sittej, —
rigbt*Si^^MS^ -^^^ nome je yowre ryjt nome, & Je»ne no more ? "

shauhayedone." 2444 " pat schal I teUe }e trwly," quoth }at o}er >efine,
^J^.^^ " Bemlak de Hautdesert I hat i» >is londe,

^iJi^*^^ P^J niyjt of Morgne la Faye, >at in my how lenges,

Morgi^ uYay!' ** koyntyse of clergye, bi craftes wel lemed,

thepupUof Mer- 2448 pe maystres of M^lyn, mony ho* taken ;

lin.

For ho hatj dalt drwry fal dere sum tyme,
With Jat conable klerk, Jat knowes alle yowr knyjtej
at hame ;
2452 Morgne ]^ goddes,

perfore hit is hir name ;
Se hai*hdCTt^ Weldej non so hyje hawtesse,

pat ho ne con make fal tame.

XX.

It was she who 2456 Ho wayned me vpon ]?is wyse to your wynne halle,
theren^ofthe For to assay ]?e surquidre, jif hit soth were,

pat rennes of }e grete renotin of J?e Ronwde Table ;

Ho wayned me jfis wonder, yowr wyttej to reue,
[Pol. 124.] 2460 For to haf greued Gaynowr, & gart hir to dyje,
onmira Sd ^* With gopny»g' of ]?at ilke gomen, ]?at gostlych speked,

tSragh fear! With his hede in his honde, bifore J^e hyje table.

pat is ho }ai is at home, J?e auncian lady ;
She is eyen thhie 2464 Ho is cuen J?yn aunt, ArJ?ure^ half suster,

pe duches dojter of Tyntagelle, J?at dere Yter aft^r
Therefore come Hade Arbor vpoiL bat abel is nowbe.

to her and make ' r -^ i i j

merry in my perfore I ej?e J?e, hajel, to com to )?y naunt,

* in (?). « ho hatj (?). » glopnyng (?).

GAWAYNB RETURNS TO ARTHUR S COURT.

79

2468 Make myry in my housy my meny^ lonies,
& I wol Je aB wel, wyje, bi my faythe,
As any gome vnder god, for ]yy grete trauj^e."
& lie iiU[ked hjm naye, he nolde bi no wayes ;
2472 pay acolen & kyssen, [bikennen] ay)?er o^er
To )^ prynce of paradise, & parten ryjt Jwre,
oh coolde ;
Ghiwayn on blonk fal bene,
2476 To }e kynge^ bnrj buskej bolde,

& ]7e kny^t in Jto enker grene,
Whiderwarde so en^r lie wolde.

Gftwayne reAues
toretum with the
Green Knight.

On hone ftall fair
he hends to Ar-
thur's haU.

XXI.

Wylde wayej in )?e worlde Wowen now rydej,

2480 On Gryngolet, J?at J?e gr«ce hade geten of his lyue ;
Ofte he herbered in house, & offce al Reroute,
& mony a-venture in vale, & venquyst ofte,
pat I ne tyjt, at Jis tyme, in tale to remene.

2484 pe hurt wat^ hole, ^at hfi hade hent in his nek,
& ]?e blykkande belt he here J^eraboute,
A belef as a bauderyk, bounden bi his syde,
Loken vnder his lyfte arme, }e lace, with a knot,

2488 Li tokenyng he wat^ tane in tech of a faute ;

& ]fU8 he commes to J^e court, kny^t al in sounde.
per wakned wele in J?at wone, when wyst }e grete,
pat gode G : watj cowmen, gayn hit hym }?ojt ;

2492 pe kyng kyssej )?e knyjt, & }e whene alee,

& 8y]?en mony syker knyjt, J^at sojt hjm to haylce.
Of his fare J?at hjm frayned, & ferlyly he telles ;
Bi-knowej alle J^e costes of care J?at he hade, —

2496 pe chaunce of }?e chapel, J?e chore of Jto knyjt,
pe luf of Je ladi, J^e lace at )e last,
pe nirt in }?e nek he naked hem schewed,
pat he la^t for his vnleute at ]^g leudes hondes,

2500 for blame;

Wild ways now
Gawayne rides.

Oft he harhonred
in house and oft
thereout*

The wound in his

neck became

whole.

He still carried

about him the

belt.

In token of his

fault.

Thus he comes to

theCk>urtofKing

Arthur.

Great then was

the Joy of all.

The king and his
knights ask him
concerning his
journey.

Gawayne tells
tiiem of his ad-
ventures,

[Fol. 124ft.]
the loye of the
lady, and lastly
of the lace.
He showed them
the cut in his
neck.

80 Arthur's knights adopt a green belt.

He tened quen he schulde telle,
fie groned for gref & grame ;

He groaned for
grieTand sbame,

and the blood be blod in bis face con melle,

rushed into hie .

face. 2604 When he hit schulde schewe, for schame.

xxn.

«*Loi»» MTB he, "Lo ! lorde," quoth he leude, & |?e lace hondeled,

handlingthelacew ' t. j ' x '

T^mi^ " pis is J?e bende of Jis blame I here [in] my nek,

piais^e la]?e & ^e losse, J^at I la^t bane,
Jo^S^oe'ln?^ 2508 Of conardise & coueiyse, >at I haf cajt >are,
ooTetoosness. p^g jg j,g token of vn-traw)?e, J«it I am tan inne,

■■ ^ "^®*" For non may hyden his harme, hot vnhap ne may hit,

2512 For ]^er hit onej is tachched, twynne wil hit neu^.'*

ft^ S y^ti pe kyng comfortej }e knyjt, & alle fe cowrt als,

aj^d au the coiut j^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^ j^^^^^ acorden,

pat lordes & ladis, ^at longed to ]?e Table,
the brotherho^ 25 1 6 Vcho bumo of J?e broJtfT-hede a bauderyk schulde haue,
^^grera^C A bende, a belef hym a-boute, of a bry^t grene,

for Gawayne's & J»t, for sake of J»t segge, ill swete to were.

For Jat watj acorded J?e renou» of J?e Rounde Table,
who ever more 2520 & he honottred bat hit hade, eu^-more aft^,

honoured it. ^ ' ^ '

As hit is breued in 'pe best boke of romaunce.
dU^^^TO- J7tw in Arthurtw day J^is aunt^ bitidde,

tnre befell. p^ Brutt<« bokoM J?^-of bores wyttenesse ;

2524 SyJ^en BrutiM, }e bolde bume, bo^ed hider fyrst,
Aft^ }e segge & }e asaute wat^ sesed at Troye,
I-wysse;
Mony aunt^rej here bi-fome,
2528 fiaf fallen suche er }?is :

He that bore the j^ow ]?at here le croun of bome,

crown of thorns * ■* * '

bring^ ns to His ^e bryng vw to his blysse ! AMEN.

NOTES.

Page 2. 1. 37 pis kyng lay at Camylot vpon kryst-moMe.

Gamalotf in Malory's **Morte Arthure," is said to be the same as Win<>
Chester. Ritson supposes it to be Caer-wentj in Monmouthshire, and after*
wards confounded with Caer-wyntj or Winchester. But popular traditioa
here seems the best guide, which assigned the site of Camalot to the roina
of a castle on a hill, near the church of South Cadbury, in Somersetshire
(Sir F. Madden).
P. 3. 1. 65 Nowel nayted o-mwe^ neuened fid qfte.

Christmas celebrated anew, mentioned full often.
Sir P. Madden leaves the word nayted unexplained in his Glossary to " Syr
Gawayne."
P. 6. 1. 124 8yhiener=8yluereny i.e. silver dishes. 139 lyndes blendes, loins. 142

in hia muekel^ in his greatness.
P. 7. 1. 216 tfi yracons tverkes. Sir F. Madden suggests Ghreek as the meaning of
graeona, I am inclined to look upon gracons as an error for gracous^
gracious, %.e. fciir, beautiful, a very common meaning of the term.
P. 8. 11. 244-5 As al were slypped vpon elepe ao aiaked kor lote^

in hy)e.
As. all were fallen asleep so ceased their words
in haste (suddenly).
Sir F. Madden reads slaked horlote^, instead of shked hor lotei^ which, ac«
cording to his glossary, signifies drunken vagabonds. He evidently takes
horlotc} to be another (and a very uncommon) form of harlotei= harlots »
But harlot, or vagabond, would be a very inappropriate term to apply to the
Knights of the Mound Table, Moreover, slaked never, I think, means
drunken. The general sense of the verb slake is to let loose, lessen, cease.
Of. lines 411-2, where tloke, another form of slake, occurs with a similar
meaning : _— — layt no fyrre ;

hot slokes,

seek no farther,

but stop (cease).
Sir F. Madden suggests blows as the explanation of slokes. It is, however,
a verb in the imperative mood.

o;^ NOTES.

P. 13. 1. 394 tiker. Sir F. Madden reads steer,

P. 14. 1. 440 bluk. Sir F. Madden snggests blunk (horse). I am inclined to keep
to the reading of the MS., and explain bluk as =bulk=trvaik. Cf. the use
of the word Slok in " Early English Alliterative Poems," p. 100, 1. 272.
P. 18. 1. 568 derue doely etc. = great grief. Sir F. Madden reads demey i,e. secret,

instead of derue ( = derf), Gf. line 564.
P. 20. L 629 ^ at/ guere hit is eindehi, etc.

And everywhere it is endless, etc.
Sir F. Madden reads emdele}, i.e. with equal sides.
P. 21. 1. 652 /or-itf=/()r-it= surpassing, beyond.
P. 22. L 681 for Sadet read J70^/=Aa/^= exiled (?). See line 1049.
P. 26. 1. 806 auinant:=(menauntf pleasantly. Sir F. Madden reads amnant
P. 30. L 954 of. Should we not read on (?).
P, 31. 1. 957 pat oyer wyth a gorger wat) gered ouer ye swyre.

The gorger or wimple is stated first to have appeared in Edward the First's
reign, and an example is found on the monument of Aveline, Countess of
Lancaster, who died in 1269. From the poem, however, it would seem that
the gorger was confined to elderly ladies (Sir F. Madden).
968 More lykker-toys on to lyk,

Wat\ yat scko had on lode.
A more pleasant one to like,
Was that (one) she had under her control.
P. 32. 1. 888 ^ay< = lively, and hence pleasant, agreeable. 1015 m vayres, in

purity.
P. 33. 1. 1020 ditt = dunt (?) b dint (?), referring to iword-sports. 1022 saynlf] lonef
day. This is the 27th of December, and the last of the feast. Sometimes
the Christmas festivities were prolonged to New Year's Day (Sir F. Madden).
1047 deme diM^^secret deed. I would prefer to read derm dede^^cesX
deed. Cf. lines 558, 564.
P. 34. 1. 1053 I wot in worlde, etc.e= J [ne] wot in worlde, etc.

1054 I noldSf hot if I hit negh my\t on nw}eres morm,

Ibr alls ye londe in-wyth Logres^ etc*
I would not [delay to set out], unless I might approach it on New Year's
mom, for all the lands within England, etc. 1074 in spenne*»in space ^in
the intervals meanwhile. See line 1503.
P. 37. 1. 1160 slmtyng ofarwes. Sir F. Madden reads slmtyng.
<< Of drawyn swerdis sdentyng to and fra,
The brycht mettale, and othir armouris seir,
Quharon Uie sonnys blenkis betis cleir,
Glitteris and schane, and vnder bemys brycht
Castii ane new twynklyng or a lemand lyoht."

(6. Douglai' .Shieid, Vol. i., p. 421.)

NOTES. S3

p. 41. 1. 1281 let /yA:= appeared pleased.

1283 p0) I were burde bryytest, fe burde in mynde hade, etc.

The sense requires us to read :

po) ho were burde bry^test^ fe bume in mynde hadey etc.
i.e.f Though she were lady fairest, the knight in mind had, etc.
P. 46. 1. 1440 Zony tythen [seueredl for pe sounder fat wi^t for-olde

Long since separated from the sounder or herd that fierce (one) for-aged
(grew very old).

*' Kow to speke of the boore, the fyrste year he is
A pygge of the sounder callyd, as haue I blys ;
The secounde yere an hogge, and soo shall he be.
And an hoggestere, whan he is of yeres thre ;
And when he is foure yere, a boor shall he be,
From the sounder of the swyne thenne departyth he ;
A synguler is he soo, for alone he woU go.'*

(Book of St. Alban's, ed. 1496, sig. d., i.)
P. 52. 1. 1623 A yerb seems wanting after lowde,

P. 66. 1. 1710 a strothe rande=9, rugged path. Cf. the phrases tene greue^ 1. 1707 ;
ro\e yreuey 1. 1898. 1729 bi lay-be-layh (?) =below (?).
1719 Thenne wat\ hit lif vpon list, etc.

Should we not read :

Thenne wot) hit list vpon lif, etc.
i.e.f Then was there joy in life, etc.
P. 67. 1. 1780 lyf=lef{}), beloved (one).
P. 60. 1. 1869 So hat} kyst >e kny^t so to\t.

She has kissed the knight so courteous.
Sir F. Madden explains to\t, promptly. To\t seems to be the same as the
Northumbrian taght in the following extract from the " Morte Arthure" :
<< There come in at the fyrste course, before the kyng seluene.
Bare hevedys that ware bryghte, bumyste with sylver,
Alle with tagJUe mene and towne in togers fulle ryche." — (p. 15.)
The word toume (well-behaved) still exists in wan-ton, the original meaning
of which was ill-mannered, ill-bred.
P. 61. 1. 1909 bray hounde\=bra}p hounde), i.e. fierce hounds.
P. 64. 1. 1995 Se hat) nere ]fat he so\t^Re wat) nere fat he so^t =TIe was near to

that which he sought.
P. 69. 1. 2160 gederei ]>e ra^= takes the path or way.

2167 pe skwe^ of )e seowtes skayued hym }o)t.

The shadows of the hills appeared wild (desolate) to him.
Sir F. Madden reads shayned, of which he gives no explanation. Skayued
ssskayfed, seems to be the N. Prov. English soafe, wild. Scotch schaine,
wild, mad. O.N. siceifr. Sw. skef awry, distorted.

84 NOTES.

F. 70. 1. 2204 rofi^tfs clattered.

2211 Drede dot} me no hU^^

No noise shall cause me to dread (fear).
P. 75. 1. 2367 ^ \er'for pat tappe ta pe.

And therefore take thee that tap.

ta ])^=take thee. Sir F. Madden reads tape^taketh. See page 14, 1. 41 3,

where to "pe rhymes with sothe. We have no imperatives in ^A in this poem.
P. 76. 1. 2401 We echyn reuelf etc. Sir F. Madden reads wasch yn reuel. But

««A^=: shall. See Glossary to '^Alliteratlye Poems."
P. 79. 1. 2474 on'eoolde=ion-eolde=(x>ldly=BOTrowfa}ly, 2489 in-eounde^ soundly ^

weU. Cf. m-blande=iogeQieT; in-lyehe^ alike; in-mydde\, amidst.

GLOSSAEIAL INDEX

[Ihr aU wordi mmrJui Out (•) ike rMuhr w referred U ike Gloeemj
to JSarfy EitglUh AUiteraUve Poem.']

Abataylment, batUement, 790.
Abloy, an exdamatioii used in

hunting ; eqniyalent to On ! on !

1174. O.Fr. dblo.
Abo^ above, 73, 112, 153.
Abonen, above, 2217.
Achanfed, wanned, 883.
Achene, to obtain, amve, 1107,

1838.
Acbeued,^^. 1081, 1857.
Acoles, embraces, 1936.
Acolen, pi. prea. embrace, 2472.
Acorde, 2406.
Adoun, down, 254.
Afyannce, tnist, confidence, 642.
After, afterwards, 218.
•Aghlich, fearful, dreadful, 136.
Aker, field, plain, 1421. Sir E.

Madden proposes to read veh a

=every (each a).
Alce=alse, also, likewise, 2492.
Alder, elder, 973.
Alder-truest, truest of all, 1486.
Alderes=elder8, ancestors, 95.
Algate, every way, 141.
Al-hal-day, AU-hallows day, 1st

November, 536.
Al one, alone, 735, 2155. Al hym

<yne=Al his one^ by himself, 749,

1048.
A-losed,praised,1512. SeeXa«,Z<7«tf.

Als, )al80, likewise, 270, 720,
Alse, ) 933, 1627.
Al-same, together, 673.
Alther-grattest, greatest of all,

1441.
Aluisch = elvish, having preter-
natural power. A.S. mlf^ df^

an elf, sprite, genius.
Amende, 898.
Amonge;, amongst, 1361.
Amount, 1197.
Anamayld, enamelled, 169.
And=an, if, 1245, 1509, 1647.
Ane, one, 223.
A-nelede, attacked, worried, 723.

Sir E. Madden renders it op-

proaehed.
Angarde^, arrogance, 681.
Anions, wearisome, sorrowAili

fatiguing, 535. O.Fr. mieux^

anietue. Lat. anxiua.
Another, otherwise, 1268^.
Apendes, ) appertains, belongs,
Apende;, ) 623, 913.
Apert, openly, manifestly, 154,

2392.
Apparayl, 600, 1891.
Aray, 163.
Are, ere, before, previously,, 239,

1632.
A-rored, retreated, 1902.

86

GLOSSARIAL INDEX.

arrows,
1460.

1160, 1455,

Arewej,

Arwes,

Arwej,

Armure, 586.

Am, are {pLpres.), 280, 1094.

*Arje, timid, fearful, 241.
Ar^e, vh. to wax timid, 2301.
Arjed, waxed timid, 1463, 2271.
Ar^e^, waxest timid, 2277.
Asay, the x>oiiit in the breast of

the buck, at which the hunter's

knife was inserted, to make trial

of the animal's fatness, 1328.
Asay, try, tempt, 2362.
♦Asciyed, shouted, 1153.
*Aske^, ashes, 2.
Askyng, request, 323,. 349.
Asoyled, absolved, 1883.
Aspye, to discover, 1199.
Assaut, assault, 1.
As-swythe, quickly, 1400.
*As-tit, Vat once, suddenly, 31,
As-tyt, J 1210. See m, Tite.
At, for, 648; of, 703.
♦Athel, noble, good, 5, 171, 241,

904, 1654, 2466.
Ather=ayther, either, 1357.
♦Attle, vh. aim, design, purpose, 27.
Attled, pret of attle, 2263.
♦At-waped, escaped, 1167. See

Wapfed.
Auen,

Awen, I own, 10, 293, 836.
Aune, )
♦Auinant = avinaunt, avenaunt,

pleasantly, 806.
Aumayl, enamel, 236.
Auncian, adj, aged, 1001, 2463;

ah. aged (one), 948.
♦Aunter, adventure, 27, 29, 2522.
Aunterej {pl)y 2527.
Auntered, ventiired, 1516.
Anther, either, 88, 702.
A-vanters, portions of the nombles

of a deer, which lay near the

neck; a term used in wood-
craft, 1342.

'* Then dresse the nombles, fyrst that

ye recke ;
Downe the auancera kerue, that cleuyth

to the neck ;
And down vryih, the bol-throte put

theym anone."
(Boke of St. Alban's, 1496, sig. d. Iy.)

"One croke of the nombles lyeth

euennore
Under the throte-boUe of the beest

before,
That callyd is auauncerSf whoso can

theym kenne."

{Ibid.f sig. e. i.)

Auentale, the open and moveable
portion of the helmet which
covered the mouth, for the pur-
pose of respiration, 608.

"He brayedez one a bacenett, bur-

neschte of syluer.
The beste that was in Basille, wyth

bordurs ryche ;
The creste and the coronalle enclosed

sofaire,
"Wyth clasppis of clere golde, couched

wyth stones ;
The yesare, the aventaile, en^rmede so

faire,
Voyde with owttyne vice, with wyn-

dowes of syluer."

(Morto Arthure, p. 77.)
"The vesere, the aitmiaUe, his ves-

turis ryche,
"Wyth the yalyant blode was yerrede

alle over.''^

{Ibid., p. 215.)

Early writers frequently use this
term for the whole front of the
helmet, including the visor. In
the prose French romances of the
Round Table, ventaille is a dis-
tinct piece of armour, and put
on before the helmet.

Auenturus, adventurous, 93.

Auenturus, adventures, 95, 491.

Auinant, pleasantly, 806.

^;^^^' j think, devise, 45, 1389.
Auysed, viewed, observed, 771.

OLOSSARIAL INDEX.

87

A-wharf, turned, whirled round,
2220. A.S. a-htoeorfan, to bend
{pret, a-hwearf.)

Ax, 208.

Ay, ever, 26, 73, 128, 167, 893.

Ayled, 438.

Ay-quere, ) everywhere, 599,629,

Ay-where, ) 745, 800.

Ayther, either, 841, 939, 1307.

^TJ^\. (towards, 815, 971;

*A^e^, fearless, 2335. ^eQAghUeh,
Ji.^ty a^te, owned, possessed (the

pret. of atoe, to own, owe), 767,

843, 1775, 1941.

Bade, abode, tarried, 1699.

Baldly, boldly, 376.

♦Bale, harm, evil, grief, 2041, 2419.

Bale, beUy, 1333. O.H.G. halg,

Bale^, bowels, 1333.

Balfe, round or smooth, 2032, 2172.
^* JBalhew or pleyn {haltoe or
playne, P.) Planus." (Prompt.
Parv.)

Bande, 192.

Baner, 117.

Barayne, barren, applied to hinds
not gravid, 1320.

Barbe, edge of an axe, 2310.

Barbej, points of arrows, 1457.

Barbican, out- work or tower of a
castle, 793.

*Bare, adj, mere, unconditional,
277. In 1. 1141 it is applied to
the motes or blasts of a horn, and
seems to mean short or toithout
rechate; adv, 465; ^*hare \re
daye^,'' 1066.

Barely, unconditionally, certainly,
548.

Baret, strife, contest, 21, 353,
2115; grief, 752.

Bargayn, 1112.

Barlay, Sir F. M. says, is appa-
rently a corruption of the

French par hi^ 296. Is it a oor*
ruption of the phrase, " by our
lady," t.tf. the Virgin Mary?

Barred, striped diagonally. 159.

Barres, diagonal stripes, 1d2.

Bastel-roue^, turreted or castellated
roofs; r0M0^= roofs.

Bate, debate, conflict, 1461. A.S.
hate^ contention.

Bauderyk, the strap by which the
shield was suspended round the
neck, 621 ; belt or lace, 2486.
M.H.G. halderich,

Bawe, bow of a saddle (?), 435.

Bawe-men, bowmen, 1564.

Bay, round, 967. A.S. lugan^ to
bend.

Bay, ) bay or baiting of a wild

Baye, \ boar, when attacked by
dogs', 1450, 1564, 1582.

Bayed, baited, barked at, 1142,
1362, 1603.

Bayen {Zd per9, ph\ bay, bark at,
1909.

*Bayn, ) prompt, ready, obedienti

Bayne, ) 1092, 2158.

Bayst, abashed, 37. Fr. abaias^r.

Baythe, to grant (?), 327 ; to con-
sent, 1404, 1840.

Be, by, 652, 1216.

Beau, fair, 1222.

Be-com, went, 460.

Bede^' 1 o^^^^f ^^24, 1884, 2248.

Beddef, bids, 1374.

Beddyng, 853.

Bede, bade, 1437, 2090.

Bede, offer, proffer, 374, 382,2322.

A.S. heodany to offer.
Be-knewe, acknowledge.
Beknowen, acknowledged, 2391.
Belde, courage, valour, 650. A.S.

hyU.
Bele-chere, good company {eheer)

or presence.
Belef, badge (?), 2486, 2517.
Belle}, beUs, 195.

88

OLOSSARIAL INDEX.

Belt, 162.

Bende, band, bond, 2505, 2517.

Bende, bent, 305, 2224 ; pat down,

2105.
Bene, to be, 141 ; are or will be,

1646.
"^Bene (another form of hain ?), fair,

weU, 2402, 2475.
*Bent, plain, field (or uplands ?),

353, 1465, 1599, 2115, 2233,

2338; ''hent'fieU;' 1136.
Ber, beer, 129.

^^ I bore, carried, 637, 1913.

Beriej, 280.

^'^^ I hiU, monnt, 2172, 2178.

Best, beast, animal, 1436.

*Bete, to kindle, 1367.

Beten, worked, embroidered, 78,

1833, 2028. Fr. hattu.
Beuerage,drink, liquor, 1112,1 409 .
Beuer-hwed=beaver-hued, colour

of a beaver (?), 845.
Bide, ) abide, endure, 374, 520,
Byde, ) 1582, 2041.

B^e' I abides, awaits, 376.

BifaUe^, 382.
Bifome, before, 123.
Big, bold, 354.
*Biges, builds, 9.

*^^S^} built, inhabited, 20.

*Bigly,' Houdly, 1141; deeply,
*Bygly, j severely, 1162; boldly,

1584.
Bigrauen, engraved, 216.
Bi-grypte=be-gripped, grasped,

214.
Bihalden, ) e= beholden, indebted,
Biholde, j 1557, 1842.
Bi-bond, forthwith, 67.
Bihoues, 1065.

Bikende, commended, 596, 1982.
Biknowe, acknowledge, 2385.
Biknowej, acknowledges, 2495.

*Biliue, ) quickly, immediately,
Bilyue, | 132,1128,1136,1171,
Bylyue, ) 1715.
Bisemed, befitted, became, 622,

2035.
Biseme^ = beseems, befits. 1612,

2191.
Bisides, \ = besides, on the side,
Bisydej, ) 76, 109, 856. ^
Bisied, agitated, 89.
Biso^t, besought, 96.
Bitidde, befeU, 2522.
Bitte, \ the steel part of an axe,
Bytte, j 2224, 2310.
*Bi-wyled, begmled, 2425.
^Blande, intermixed, blended ;

phrase **«n hlandcy^^ together,

1205, 1931.
Blasoun, shield of arms, 828.
Blaunner, ) a species of fiir (?),
Blaunier, ) 155,573,856,1931.

Is it connected with lawn'i — ^if

so, it would signify a species of

fine linen.
*Bleaunt, | a robe or mantle (of fine
Bleeant, ) linen), 879, 1928.
Blenched, receded, drew back, 1715.
Blende = blent, mingled, blended,

1361, 1610, 2371.
Blenk, to shine, 2315. Du. hlinckmy

to shine, glitter. Ger. hlinken,

twinkle, glitter.
Blenked, shone, 799.
Blered, 963.
Blessing, 370.

*Blonk, ) a steed, literally, a
Blonkke, ) white horse, 434, 785,

1581.

ffioSX h^"^^' '^''' '"""•
*Blubred= foamed, blubbered, ap-
plied to a stream of water, 2174.
Bluk= trunk, 440.
Blunder, concision, trouble, 18.
*Blunk, steed, 440. See Blank.
*Blusch, sh look, 520.
Blusched, looked, 650, 793.

6L0SSARIAL INDEX.

89

Blu8schande=blashing, glittering,
1819.

S^^Jblew, 1141, 1362.

Blwe, blue, 1928.

♦Blycande, ) shining, glittering,

Blykkande, ) 305, 2485.

Blykked, shone, glistened, 429.

Blynne, cease, 2322.

Blysse, fortune, prosperity, 18.

Bly>e, gay, bright, 155.

*Bobbaunce, boast, 9.

Bobbe, branch, 206.

Bode, bidding, proffer, 852, 1824.
A.S. bod.

*Bode, abode, 785, 1564.

*Boden, pass. part, prayed, asked,
327. A.S. heodan {p.p. hoden),
to bid, offer.

Bolde, 8b. bold (one), 21.

*Bole, trunk of a tree, 766.

*Bolne, to swell, 512.

Bonchef, gaiety (or perhaps inno-
cence, purity), 1764.

*Bone, prayer, request, 327.

Bone-hostel, lodging, 776.

*Bonk, bank, height, 511, 700,
710, 785, 1571.

*Bonkkes, ) heights, 14, 1562,

Bonkkej, j 2077.

Borde, border, 610; bordeB {pi.)

159.
*Borde}=bourdej (?), jests (?),

1954.
*Borelych= burly, huge, strong,

766, 2148, 2224.
*Bome=boum, stream, 731, 1570,

2174.

£?!i: } ^™^^' 2^^' '^^'

♦Borj, \

Bone, f =burgh, city, castle, 2,

Burj, ( 9, 259, 843, 1092.

Burje, )

Bot-if, unless, 1782.

, \ bit, wounded, pierced, 426,
e, ) 1162, 1562.

Bot,

Bote,

Bothem, bottom, 2145.

Botoun;, buttons, 220.

*Boun, \ ready, prompt, obedient,

Boune, ) 548, 852, 1311, 1693.

Bour, chamber, 853, 1519.

*Bourde, sport, joke, 1409.

Bourde^, jokes, 1212.

Bourded, joked, 1217.

Bourdyng, ab. joke, sport, 1404.

Boute I "^^^^^^^^ ^^1> 1285, 1444.
*Boje, to move, rise, go, 344, 1220.
Bojed {pret. of bo]e\ 481, 550,

1189, 2524.
Bojen {pre8.pl. of bo^e), 434, 131 1,

2077.
*Bojes, goes, 2178.
Bojej, boughs, 765, 2077.
Brace, armour for the arms, 582.
Braches, ) hounds, 1142, 1563,
Brachej, ) 1610. Brooke is said

to signify originally a bitch

hound — ^tiLe feminine of raehej

a foot-scenting hound (Jam.).
Brachetes, hounds, 1603.
Brad, roasted, 891. A. S. bradan, to

Toast{pret.bradde; p.p.ffebrad).
*Bradde, extended, 1928. See

Braide.

Sa^?1^7'^21,

Braydej, ) l^^^'

Brawden, woven, 177, 580.

Brawen, | = brawn^ or flesh of a

Brawne, ) wildboar, 1611, 1631.

Bray, an error for brath^ bold (?),
1909.

*Brayde, started, 429; threw, 2377;
drew, 1399; drawn, thrown,
2069.

Brayden, embroidered, 220, 1883.

Brayn-wod, mad, violent, 286,
1461, 1580.

l^reMesi{pl.pret.)=^bred, flourish-
ed, 21.

90

GLOSSARIAL INDEX.

♦Bredej, bounds, limits, 207 1 . A. S.

hrerd.
*Brem, ) fierce, bold, 1142, 1155,
Breme, ) 1580, 2200 ; loud, shrill,

1601 ; rugged, 2145.
♦Breme, \ q^ckly, boldly, 779,
B^S; p^SlIfiercefy, 509;
Sych,) 1598,2233,2319.
Brende, ) burnt, burnished, 2,
Brenned, j 195, 832, 875, 2165.
Brennef, bums, 1609.
♦Brent, high, 2165.
♦Bresed, rough, 305.
Brether, brethren, 39.
♦Breue, tell, inform, speak, 1393,

1488.
Breued, marked, 1436; written,

2521.
Britned, broken or cut in pieces,

2, 680, 1339.
Bril^e^, breaks, cuts, 1611. A.S.

hrpt-an, to break.
Bronde, ) sword, 561, 588, 828,
Bront j 1584.
Bronde^ = brands, embers, 2.
♦Brothe, angry, fierce, 2233.
♦Brothely, angnly, violently, 2377.
Brother-hede, brotherhood, 2516.
Broun, ah. brown (deer), 1 1 62.
Browe, brow, 1457.

B^S ^~^«' «««' »«!•
Bruny, cuirass, 861, 2012, 2013.

A.S. hyrne.
Brusten, burst, 1166.

?S h^' '''''"'' ^''•

Brygge, bridge, 779, 781.

♦Brymme, flood, river, 2172.

Bugle, 1136.

Bult, built, 25.

♦Bur, blow, 290, 874, 548, 2322 ;

force, 2261.
♦Burde, lady, 613, 752, 961.

*Burde,ought,behoved,2278,2428.
♦Bum, ) man, knight, noble, 20,
Bume, ) 73, 337.

£5 j"^*'^' 259, 272, 481.

Bumyst, 212.

♦Busk, array, 1220 ; prepare, 2248,

2284.
Busked, went, 1411; prepared,

1693.
Busken {pi. pros.), prepare, 509,

1128.

Busk, bush, 182.
Buske^, bushes, 1437.
Busy, to be active, 1066.
Busyly, 68.
Buttoke^, 967.
Bycome, became, 6.
Bycomes, becomes, befits, 471,
Byfome, before, 1375, 1577.
Byhode, behoved, 7l7.
Bykende, commended, 569, 1982.
Bykennen, commend, 1307.
Bylde, 509.
Byled, boiled, 2082.
Bytoknyng, token, 626.

Cach, to catch, take, acquire, 133 ;

to go, 1794.
Cacheres=catcher8, hunters, 1 1 39.
Cachej {pre8. tense of ca€h\ 368,

2175.
Can {auxiliary vh. of past tense),

340, 1042.
Capados, hood or close cap, from

the Fr. cap-d-dos, 186, 572.
♦Caple, horse, 2175.
Carande, sorrowing, anxious, 674,

750.
Care, grief, concern, 1979, 2379.
Camele^, battlements, embrasures,

801.
Caroles, 43.
Carp, speech, conversation.

OLOSSARIAL INDEX.

91

Carp, ) to say, tell, speak, 263,

Karp, ) 696, 704.

Carped, told, spoke, 1088.

Carppej, tells, speaks, 377, 1979.

*Caryej=cayTej, goes, 2120.

Oast, to speak, address, 249.

Castes, deeds, manners, 1295. See
CosUs,

Catielounj=cauelacioxinj, disputes,
683, 2275. O.Fr. eavellation,

Cemmed = cammed (?), folded,
twisted, 188. O.E. canty bent,
crooked.

Cercle, circle around the helmet,
615.

Chaffer, merchandise, 1647, 1939.

Chambre, 48.

Chaplayne, 930.

Charcole, 875.

Charg, matter, 1940.

Charge, vb. 863.

Chargeaunt, dangerous (?), 1604.

*Charre, return, 1678.

Charred, led, turned, 850, 1143.

Charres, business; task, 1674.

Chastysed, 1143.

Chauncely, accidentally, 778.

Chaunsel, 946.

Chauntre, religious service, 63.
O.F. chanterte,

Chefly, ) speedily (?), 850, 883,

Cheuely, ) 978, 1940.

Chek, fortune, 1107, 1857.

Chekke, ill fortune (?), 2195.

Chemne(=chimney),fire place, 978 .

Chepe, ) bargain, terms of buying

Chepej, ) or selling, or goods
sold, 1939, 1940, 1941.

Chepen, to bargain, 1271.

*Cher, ) countenance, behaviour.

Chore, ) spirits, 562, 711, 883,
1745, 2169, 2496; entertain-
ment, 1259.

Ches (=chose), perceived, dis-
cerned, 798, 946.

♦Cheue, obtain, 1271; to arrive,
1676.

Cheued, obtained, 1390 ; came, 63.
Cheuicaunce, i booty, gain, 1390,
CheuisauEce, 5 1406,1678,1939.
Cheuysaunce, ) O.Fr, cheumanee.
Cheyer, chair, 875.
Cluld-gered, of childish manners,

86 (literally = dressed as a child).
♦Chorle, churl, 2107.
Chosen (the gate), took the vray,

930.

"Towardej Chartris they ehese these
cheualrous knyghttez."

(Morte Arthure, p. 136.)

Chylder, children, 280.

Chymbled, folded (?), 958. Is it
connected with Eng. chymb, from
Du. kimme, rim or edge of a
vase?

Clad, covered, 885.

Clamberande, clustering, 1722.

Clambered, clustered, joined to-
gether, 801.

Clanly, wholly, 393.

Clanness, chastity, purity, 653.

Clatterande (= clattering), bub-
bling, 731.

Clattered, resounded, 1722.

Clayme, 293.

Clone, fair, 163; wholly, 1298.

Clengej (= clings), contracts, or
causes to shriuk with cold, 505,
2078.

Clenged, 1694, preL of CUnpe.

Clepes, calls, 1310.

Cler, ) ^e, fair, bright, beautifdl,

Clere, ) noble, 631, 942, 954,
1489.

Clergye, erudition, 2447.

Clomben, climbed, 2078.

Close, 186.

Closet, 934.

Cloyster, 804.

♦Cofly, quickly, 2011.

Colon, to cool, assuage, 1253.

Com, \ came {pi. comm\ 116,

Come, ] 824, 942, 1004.

Oomaundef , {imp,) comm^id, 241 1 .

92

OLOSSARIAL INDEX.

Comly, ) adj. comely, fair, 469,

Comlycli, ) 539 ; used substan-
tively, 674, 1755 ; used ad-
verbially, 648, 1307, 1629, 1794.

Comlyly, courteously, 974, 1118,
1389.

Comloker, comelier, 869.

Comlokest, most comely, 52, 81,
767.

Compass, form, stature, 944.

Gompast, 1196.

Company, 556, 1011.

CoSie,H2455.

Con, I an auxiliary vb. (of the
Conne, ) past tense), 230, 274,

362, 841, 993, 1206.
Connej, knows, 1267, 1483.
Conable (=convenable), famous, or

accomplished, 2450. O.Fr. eo-

vinahle.
Concience, 1196.
Conquestes, 311.
Conueyed, 596.
Conysaunce, badge, cognisance,

2026.
♦Coprounes, capitals, 797.
Corbeles, raven's, 1355.
Comer, 1185.
Cors, body, 1297.
Cors, course, 116.
Corsedest, most cursed, 2196.
Corsour, 1583.

Cortays, ) courteous, 276, 467,
Cortayse, ) 539.
Cortaysy, | courtesy, 247, 263,
Cortaysye, ) 1300.
Cortaysly, courteously, 775, 903.
Cortyn, curtain, 854, 1185.
Corded, 1181.
Coruon, carved, 797.
Cosse, kiss, 1300.

Cost, manner, business, 546.
Costes, ) manners, qualities, vir-
Costej, ) tues, 944, 1272, 1483,

1489, 2360, 2495 ; labours, 750.
Icel. hoatVy habits, character, con-
ditions. Ger. hut, art.

Coste^, coasts, 1696.

Cosyn, 372.

Cote, 152, 335.

Cothe, quoth, 776.

Coundue, to conduct, guide, 1 972.
O.Fr. conduire.

Coundutes, songs, 1655. O.Fr. eon-
duts.

Counseyl, 557.

Countenaunce, custom, 100, 1490.

Couples, 1147.

Cource, 135.

Couth, ) (= could), knew, 45,

Couthe, I 1125, 1139, 1389,

Cowthe, ) 1486 ; known, 1490.

Couthly, familiarly, 937.

Couenaunt, 393.

Couertor, ) cover or trapping of a

Couertour, ) horse, 602 ; canopy
of a bed, 1181.

Couertorej, canopies, 855.

Cowpled, 1139.

Cowters, pieces of plate for the
elbows, 583. Fr. coudUre, la
partie qui covre la coude,

Coynt, ) curious, quaint, 877 ;

Koynt, ) skilful, cunning, 1525.

Koyntly, )
Cojed- coughed, 307,
Crabbed, 502.

Crafty, skilfully made, 572.
Crakkande, resounding, loud, 1166
Crakkyng, blast, blowing, 116.
Cresped, crisped, 188.
Crathayn, craven, coward, 1773.

<«BecunL thow cowart erawdoun re-
cryand."

(G. Douglas, Vol. ii, p. 673.)
Crest, top of a rock, 731.
Creuisse, fissure, cavity, 2183.
Criande, crying, 1088.
Croked, bent aside, 653.

GLOSSABIAL Iin>EX.

93

S^K ! ''-PP*^' 168, 602.
Croys, cross, 643.
Crystenmas, Chiistmas, 985.
Oiunmen, come, 60, 62.

Dabate=debate, strife, 2041.

Daly, to daUy, 1253.

Dalt, dealt, fared, passed away
time, 452, 1664, 2449.

Delten (pret. pl.\ 1114.

Dalyaimce, 1012.

Dar, dare, 287.

^Dare, to manifest fear, tremble,
315, 2258.
.Daimse, 1024.

Daunsyng, 47.

♦Dawed (=dowed), availed, pro-
fited, 1805.

Daylyeden, dallied, 1114.

Daynt^, 121, 1250.

Debate, 68.

Debetande, debating, 2179.

^Debonerte, good manners, polite-
ness.

*^f^' ) dais or table of state, 61,

iSe, ] 7^»222,250.

Defence, caution, 1282.

Defende, forbidden, 1156.

Dele, to deal (a blow), 295, 560 ;
to give, bestow, 1085, 2192 ; to
partake, 1968.

Dele, the dcTil, 2188.

Delen, {pres. pi) deal, 1266.

Deles, deals, 397.

Delfal, dol^ 560.

Deliuer, actiye, nimble, 2348.

Delinerly, quickly, 2009.

Delyuer, 851.

Demay, dismay, 470. .

*Deme, to judge, deem, 246, 1322,
2183.

Domed, esteemed, judged, deter-
mined, 240, 1089, 1668.

Demen {pres. pL) judge, think fit,
1082, 1529.

Denaye, deny, refuse, 1497.
Denayed, revised, 1493.
Dene^, Danish, 2223.

Seated, 1 ^"^^^ «2a, 647.

Departed, severed, divided, 1335.

Deprece, release, 1219.

Depreced, ) vanquished, bore down,

Depresed,) 6, 1770.

Dere, deer, beasts of chace, 1151,
1322.

Dere, joyful, delightftd, 92, 1012,
1026, 1047 ; worthy, 47 ; pre-
cious, costly, 75, 121, 193, 571.
Used substantively = worthy, no-
ble, honourable (one), 678, 928.

♦Dere, hurtful, injurious, 564.

Dered, injiu^, 1460.

Derely, joyfdlly, honourably, 817,
1031, 1253, 1327, 1559.

*Derf, strong, stem, severe, active,
564, 1000, 1233, 1492.

♦Derfly, ) quickly, suddenly,

Deruely, j firmly, 1183, 2334.

*Deme, secret, privy, 1012, 1047.

Demly, secretly, silently, 1188,
2334. Should we not read(^0ru/y,
i.tf., quickly, smartly ?

Derrest, noblest, 445, 483.

*Derue=derf, strong, great, 558.

Derworthly, honourably, 114.

Destines, 564.

Destyne, 996.

Deve, to confound, 1286. Sc. dwe^
to confound, stupefy.

Deuise, 92.

Deuys, 617.

Dew, 519.

De^e, die, 996.

Diamaunte;, diamonds, 617*

^^ej-'^y. 1316.
♦DiUe, dull, foolish, 1529.
Disceuer, discover, 1862.
Discrye, describe, 81.
Diskouere, 418.
Dismay, 836.

c> _/ ^c> o

94

GLOSSARIAL INDEX.

Display, 955.

Displese, 2439.

Dispoyle, undress, 860.

Dissecue, deserve, 452.

Disstryej, destroys, 2375.

♦Bit, fastened, 1233.

*Dijt, pronounce, make, 295 ; pre-
pared, * dressed, placed, made
ready, 114, ^78, 994, 1559,
1884, 1223, 1689.

Do, place, lay, 1492; ^^dos her

forth^' =^ goes out, 1308; do8

(imp.), do thou, 1638.

*Doel )

-Tx , . M sorrow, torment, 558.

Dok,* tail, 193. O.K i^tOr.
♦Dole, part, 719.
*Dom, ^judgment, sentence, 296,
Dome,) 1216,1968.
Donkande, moistening, damp ; from

donk, dank, moist, wet.
Doser, back of a seat, 478.
♦Doted, became foolish, demented,

1151, 1956.
Dotj, does, 2211.

Doute, fear, 246, 442.

Douteles, 725.

♦Douth, ) people, nobles, 61, 1865,

Douthe, ) 1416, 1956.

Dowelle, dwell, 566.

Draueled, slumbered fitfully, 1750.
A.S. drSfan, to disturb, trouble.
**0f drejfyng and dremys qtihat dow
(ayails) it to endite ?"

(G. Douglas, vol. i., p. 447.)

Drajej, draws, 1031.

Drajt, drawbridge, 817.

Drechoh, trouble, hurt {not delay, as
Sir E. Madden suggests), 1972.
A.S. drican, to trouble, vex,
oppress. See Glossary to Ham-
pole.

Dredles, void of dread, 2334.

*Dreped, put to death, 726.

Dres, to prepare, go, 474.

Dressed, placed, set, 75, 2038 ;
went, rose, 1415, 2009.

Dresses, ) prepares, rises, 417, 446,

Dressej, } 566,

*Drej, fierce, bold, 1750 ; used ad-
verbially, 2263.

♦Drejly, vigorously, 1026.

Driuande, driving, advancing
quickly, 222.

Drof, drove, rushed, passed, 786,
1151, 1176.

Dronken {pret. pi.) drank, 1026,
1668.

Drope, 619.

Drouping, ) uneasy, fitfiil slumber,

Drowping, ) 1748, 1760. We often ^
meet in 0. E. works with the'
phrase "to drowpe and dare" —
to be troubled and affii^ted.
O.Ke^tij^r, troubled. Soe Drove
in Glossary to "Alliterative
Poems."

Drojt= drought, dryness, 523.
♦Drury, ) amour, love, love-token,
Drwrye, ) 1507, 1517, 1806,

2033, 2449.
♦Dryje, endure, suffer, 202, 660.
^Dryje, stem, immovable, 336 ;

enduring, tough, 724, 1460.
♦Dryjtyn, the Lord, 724, 996, 1648.
"^Dubbed, ornamented, dressed,

clad, 75, 193, 571.
Dublet, 671.
♦Dulful, doleful, grievous, 1617.

dS; j ^^^^' ^**^^' ^^2, 1286.
Dust, 523.

Dut, mirth (?), 1020.
Dut, \ doubted, feared, 222, 784,
Dutte, ) 2257.
Dujty (= doughty), 724.
*Dyn, noise, revelry, 47-
Dynnej (»dynge; ?), strikes, 2105.
*Dynt, blow, stroke, 316, MQ,
2106.

GLOSSARIAL INDEX.

^S;,)*'^*'^' 336. 202, 1460.
Dyjt. See IH]t,

Efte, afterwards, 641, 700, 788,

2388.
Eft-sonej, ) forthwith, there-
Efter-sonej, ) after, 1640, 2417.
*Egge, edge, 212. Used for the

axe itself, 2392.
Eindelej (=eiidelej), 629.
Eke, also, 90.
Elbowe, 184.
♦Elde, age, 844, 1520.
EUej, ifthat, 295.

^'^ I uncle, 356, 643. K.^,$dm.

♦Enbaned, supported (?), 790.

Enbelyse, to embellish, 1034.

Enbrauded, ) embroidered, adom-

Enbrawded, J ed, 78, 166, 606,

Enbrawden, ) 856.

Enclyne, 340.

Endite, put (to death), 1600.

Enesed, entangled, clotted (?), 184.
Sir P. Madden suggests covered.
We might read M<tfMe?=bordered,
firom A.S. efeee, rim, border.

Enfoubled, wrapt up, 959.

Enker, bright (applied to colour),
150, 2477. The same root en-
ters into O.E. and Sc. enkerhfy
quickly, vigorously.

Jj^^^j adorned. 634, 2027.

Enquest, inquiry, 1056.

Entayled, interwoven, embroider-
ed, 612.

Enterlude^, 472.

Entyse, acquire, 2436.

Er, ere, before, previously, 92,
197, 712.

Erber, the conduit leading to the
stomach; a hunting term, 1330.

]^^ j earth, 27, 140, 881.

*Erdej, lands, 1808.

Erly, 567.

;g^J j errand, 257, 559, 809.

Ermyn, 881.

Etayn, giant, 140. A.S. edteny a
giant, monster.

Etayne^, giants, 723.

Ethe, ask, 379, 2467.

Ethe, easy, 676.

Ette, ate, 113.

Euenden, evenly (?), perpendicu-
larly (?), 1345.

Euensong, 932.

Euej, borders, eaves, 1178. A.S.
efesej brim, bank.

Expoun (= expound), describe, ex-
plain, 209, 1506.

Fade, hostile, 149. Isl./fci=feud,
enmity. S. Saxon, ifaeied. O.E.
ivet,

Fale, faUow (?), grassy (?), 728.

Falle, befall, happen, 483.

Failed, belonged, appertained,
2243.

Fallen, befalls, appertains, 1303,
1358, 2327.

Faltered, 430.

*Fange, take, receive, 391.

♦Fannand, waving, flowing, 181.

Fantoum, phantom, illusion, 240.

♦Farand, goodly, 101.

Fare, unusual display, entertain-
ment, 537 ; behaviour, conduct|
1116, 2386 ; course, path, way,
694, 1703, 1793; proceeding,
adventure, 2494 ; business, 409.

Faren, gone, 1231.

♦Farej, goes, journeys, 699 ; {imp,)
go ye, 2149.

Faut, fault, 1551, 2435.

lauS5 j ^^^^^««> ^^^' l^^l-
Fawne, to caress, 1919.
Fawty, faulty, 2382, 2386.

GL0S8ARIAL INDEX.

Fayly, to fail, 1067.

Faylej, faUs, 278, 455.

Fayn, glad, joyftd, 388, 840, 1067.

Fayntyse, deceit, cowardice, 2435.

0. Fr. feintise, faintiae, from
feindref faind/re,
Fayryje, enchantment, magic, 240.

" It was oifayry, as the people semed."
(Chaucer's Squyeres Tale.)
Faythely, certainly, 1636.
Feble, 854.
Feersly, 329.
Feej, 1622.
Felajes, fellows, 1702.
Fela^schyp, fellowship, 652.
Felde, fold, embrace, 841, 890.

Cf. /w»tf=foam.
*Fele, \ many, 122, 239, 428,
FeUe, ] 1566.
Fele-fdld, manifold, 1545.
Fele-kyn, many kinds of, 890.
Feler, more, greater, 1391.
FeUe, hill, moor, 723. O.lS.fiall
FeUe, befell, 1588.
FeUe, skin, hide, 943, 1359, 1944.
♦FeUe, fierce, bold, furious, 291,

847, 874. Used substantively,
' 1585.

FeUely, \ fiercely, crueUy, boldly,
FeUy, j 2302.
FeUej, skins, 880, 1737.
Femed, foamed, 1572.
♦Ferde, fear, 2130, 2272.
J'erde, ferden = proceeded, acted,

149, 703, 1282, 1433. Seei^artf.
Ferde, feared, afiraid, 1295, 1588,

2382.
Fere, undaunted; HteraUy, whole,

sound, 103. Dan.ybr. OJS.foerr..
♦Fere, a companion, 676, 695, 915,

2411 ; tn;/W'^= together, in com-
pany, 267.
Fere^, companions, 594.
♦Ferk, to proceed, ride, 1072, 1973.
Ferked, ran, 2173.

7A,]^

rises, 173, 2013.

♦Ferly, wonder, marvel, 7 1 6, 24 1 4 .

Ferly, ) wondrous, wondrously,

Ferlyly, ) 388, 741, 766, 1694,
2494.

Ferlyes, marvels, 23.

Fermysoun, a hunting term, ap-
pHed to the time in which the
male deer were cloaedj or not
aUowed to be kiUed, 1156.

Ferre, afar, 1093.

Fersly, brightly, 832.

Ferum, afar. See On-ferum.

Fest, secured, fastened, 2347.

Festned, fastened, 1783.

Feted, behaved, acted, 1282.

♦Fetled, joined, 656.

Fetly, featly, 1758.

Fette, fetched, brought, 1084.

Fetures, 145.

Feye, dead, 1067. Sc./jy. Icel.
j^gry fated.

Fejt, fight, 717.

Fejtyng, fightmg, 267,

♦Fildore, gold thread, 189.

Fire=fere(?)=fear, 1304.

Firre, ) further, moreover, 378,

Fyrre,) 411, 1105,2121.

First, early, youthful, 54.

Flat, ground, field, 507.

Flaj, )fiew, fled, 459, 2274,

Flaje,) 2276.

Flet, ) floor (originaUy applied

Flette, ) to the haU itself. See
Bomance of Alexander, ed. Ste-
venson, 1. 821), 294, 568, 832,
859, 1374, 1653, 1925. A.S.
flett.

♦Flete, fletted, flew, 1566.

Flone, arrow, 1161. K.^.fldn.

Flonej, arrows, 1566.

Flosche, flood, pool, marsh, 1430.
O.Sc.^fM«. ''Plascheor,/2(wrA^,
where reyne watyr stondythe,
torrens, lacuna." (Prompt.
Parv.)

Floten, removed, 714.

Flynt, 459.

GLOSSARIAX INDEX.

97

Plyje, fly, 524.

riyjes, flies, 166.

Pnast, to breathe hard, 1587. A.S.

fiMMty a pufl^ blast.
Pnasted, breathed hard, 1702.
Joch, fetch, 396.
Jochchej, fetches, 1961.

FoldJ j ^^*^' 2^' ^^^' ^^^> ^22-
Folden, folded, 959; plighted,

1783.
Foldej {imp.), grant thou, 359;

{pres.) accords, 499.
Pole, foal, 173, 459.
Pole, fool, 1545.
Foly, foolishly, 324.
roljande=followi»g, suitable, 145,

859.
Folded, followed, 1895.
Foljes, follows, 1164.
*Fonde, to try, endeavour, 291,

565, 986 ; might find, 1875.
Fondet, \ attempted, proved.
Founded, ) 1549, 2125, 2130.
^Fonge, to take, receive, 816,

1556, 1622; {pret) 646, 1315,

1363.

Fongen, took, 1265.

Foo= Northumbrian fa^ bad, vile,
hence rugged, rough, 1430,2326.
A.S./cf A, hostile. Sir F. Madden
suggests large, la/rgely. In the
Cursor Mundi, fol, 48,-/(1 is ap-
plied to clothing. In the Morte
Arthure, ed. Halliwell, p. 63,
we have the phrase * ^fawe y the j, ' '
the rough waves.

"The pryce schippez of the porte
proyene theire depnesse

And fondez wyth M saile ower the
fawe ythez."

For, because, 258 ; before (?), 965,

1822.
For-be=for-by,. surpassing, 652.
Fordej, fords, 699.

Forfaren, destroyed, 1895.
♦Forferde, destroyed, killed, 1617.
Forlancyng, cutting off", 1334.
Forlondej, 699.
*Forme, beginning, 499 ; foremost,

2373.
Fome, formerly (?), 2422.
For-olde, became very old, 1440.
Forsake, to deny, 475.
Forsness, vigour, strength, 646.
Forsok^, denied, 1826.
♦Forst, frost, 1694.

Forfhft' passage, ford, stream,
fS, j 1585, 1617, 2173.

^For-thi, ) therefore, 27, 240, 2.83,

For-thy, j 455.

♦Forward,) covenant, 1105, 1395,

Forwarde, ) 1636.

Forwarder {ph\ covenants, 378,

409, 1405.
For-wondred, astonished, 1660.
Forjate, forgot, 1472.
For-jelde, requite, 839, .1279,

1535. ^QB^^eUe.
Fotej, feet, 574.
Fotte, fetch, 4M.
Founded, came, 267.
*F©und0j,^goes, 1585, 2229.
Fourchej, a hunting term, applied

to the forks or haunches of the

deer, 13A7.

" And after the ragge^boon ' kytteth

euyn also,
,The fitrchM and the sydes euyn by-

twene,
And loke that yonr knynes ay whettyd

bene;
Thenue turne vp the/oi^Aw, and frote

theym wyth blood,
For to saue grece ; sodoo men of good."
(Boke of St. Alban's, 1496.)
Foyned, turned aside, 428.
♦Foysoun, plenty, 122.
*Fraist, ) to ask, seek, 409; (1«^
Frayste, ) pers. sing,) 279.
Frayst, ) asked, 3iJ4, 39 1 , 1 395 ;
Fraysted,J tried, proved, lft79.

77

98

GLOSSABIAL INDEX.

rraystejj aAest, 455; tries, 503.
Frataicliifl, Vfrankness, liberality,
Rrauncliyse, ) 652, 1264.
♦Frayn, to seek, 489.
Frayned, asked, 359; 703, 1046.
♦Fre, noble, 101, 847, 1156, 1885,

1961. Used substantively, 1545,

1649, 1783.
♦Freke, man, warrior, 149, 196,

241, 651.

ISe':^^^^'^3'»^^-ll^-
Freke^ man's, 537.
Frely, noble, 816, 894.
Fremedly, as a stranger, 714. A.S.

fremed] foreign, alien, strange.
Frenges, fiinges, 598.
Frenkysch, French (?), frank (?),

jocmar (?), 1116. Does not

firenhyaoh fare = extraordinary

conducts

"iB'feithi Noe, rhad'as leff thon bad
sleped, for all iAij frankiah fare^

For I will not doe after thy red."

(Obester MyBteries;)
FreSj froze, 728.
Fresche (meat), 122.
Frescbly, quickly, 1294.
♦Fritbe, ) an enclosed wood, 1430,
Frythe, ] 1973, 2151.
FiTtbej, woods, 695.
♦Fro, from (the time that), 8, 62 ;

frx>m, 1336.
Frote, rub, 1919.
Frounses, wrinkles, contracts, 2306.
Fronnt, forehead^ 959«
♦Fulsun (=ftilsen), to help, aid>-

99. A.S. fuktan, to help*^

FSen,}^^™d'^^«>^^^-

Furred, 173^.

Fust, fist, hand, 391.

Fute, ) (efeut) track of a fox or

Fuyt, ) beast of chace by the
odour, 1425. ^^Fewte, vesti^
gium." (Prompt. Parv.)

Fych, fix, 396.

Fyched, fixed, 658.

Fyked, shrank, was troubled, 2274.

Fyled, ground, 2225.
■■{ *Fylyolej, round towers, 796.

Fylle, fulfil, 1405, 1934.

Fylor,- grindstone (?), 2225.

♦Fylter, contend, join in contest,
986.

Fynde=fyned=ended(?), 660.

Fyne, perfect, unconditional, 1239-

Fynisment, end^ finish,- 499.

Fynly,. wholly (?), 1391.

Fyrre,. moreover, 2121.

Fyskeji runs, 1704. A.S.f^nan^
fysan, to hasten, rush.

Fyjed, were fair (?), 796. A, S.faffr,
fair. Does ^jcrf^ = united, ex-
tended,, from JLS. ffefeg, union ?

*Gart, caused, 2460.

Gargulun, part of the inwards of

a deer, apparently included in

thenumhle8, 1335, 1340.
Garysoun (=waxi80un), treasure,

reward, 1225, 1807, 1837. Fr.

^artson.
Garytef, watch towers, 791.
Gast= aghast, afraid, 325.
Gate, way, road, path, 696, 778,

930.
Gates, roads, ways, 709.
Gaudi = gaude (?) =r ornament (?),

167.
Gay, ) an epithet used substan-
Gaye, y tively, and applied to

both sexes, 979, 1215, 1822,

2035.
Gayly, 598.
♦Gayn, to befit, 584.
Gayn, serviceable, 178 ; fit, proper,

1241.
Gkyn, promptly, quickly, 1621.
Gaynei^ nearest, speediest, 1978.

GLOSSARIAL INDEX.

99

Gaynly, fitly, promptly, 476, 1297.
GFederes, gathers, 421, 777.
Gef, gave, 370, 668, 2349,
Gtentyle, pleasant, 1022.
♦Gere, armour, 569, 684.
GTered, arrayed- dressed, 86, 179,.

957,2227; disposed, 7^91; made,

fashioned, 1832.
Gere J, appardi,. 1470.
*€^ere}, vb, arrays, 1872.
G^eseme, ) axe, 288, 326, 375,
Giseme, ) 2265. O.Tr. gisa/nme.
G^t, booty, gain, 1638.
Geten, got, 1171, 1625.
Gif, to give, 288, 365%
Glade, to gladden,. 989;
Gladloker, gladlier, 1064;
♦Glam, talk, conversation, damonr,

1426, 1652.
♦Glanerande, noisy, yelping, 1426.
Glaumande, noisy, riotous, 46. See

Glam,
Gle, 46.
Glede, burning coal, ember,. 1609.

A.S. gUd.
Glome, 598.
Glemered, glimmered, gleamed,

172.
♦Glent, glance, 1290.
♦Glent, glanced, looked, 82, 476 ;

shone, 172, 569, 604 ; brighten-
ed, started up, 1652 ; shrank,

2290.
Glod= glided, came, 661.
Glode = clod (?), clump, hillock,

tuft (?), 2266.
Glodes, pi. of Qlode, 2181.
Gloue^, 583.
♦Glyfte, looked, 2265.

'* Sir Gawayne gh/fte» oni the gome
with a glade wille."

(Morte Arthure, p^ 211.)
♦Glyjt, looked, 842, 970.
Gk>ande, walking, 2214.

G^y^J 273,684,

courteously,
1933.

Gog, a corruption of God, 390.
*Gk>men, game, sport, 273, 661,

1014, 1376.
Gomenly, playfully, 1079.

^Gopnyngsglopnyng^affiright,

*Gorde, p, p. gird, 1851.

Gordej, strikes, spurs, 2062.

Gorger=gorgeli wrapper or cover-
ing for the throat, 957.

Gost, spirit, life, 2250.

Gostlych, ghostly, 2461.

Got|, goes, 875, 1293; (i^.)2U9.

Goulej, I gules, 619, 663. O.Fr.

Gowl^, j gtiie.

Gracon8=gracous» gracious, fair,,
beautifiil, 216.

Grant-merci, )gramercy, thanks, ^

Graunt-mercy, ) 838, 1037, 1392.

Grattest, greatest, 207, 1441.

Gray, adj, 82.

Grayes, becomes gray, 527.

Grayn, 211.

♦Grayth, ) ready, prepared, prompt,.

Graythe, ) 448, 597, 2047.

Graythed, arrayed, dressed, pre^
pared, 74, 109, 666, 876^ 2?59.

Graythely,. readily, speedily, 417,
876, 1006, 1335; willingly,
1470; steadfastly, firmly, 2292.

"^Graythe^, makes ready, goe8,2014.

Giece, 425.

*Grem, I anger, 312, 2370; mis-

Greme, j chief, 225 1 ; displeasing,
1507.

Grenne:=::grin, make game, 464 ;
A.S. grmnian,

Gres, 1326.

&.}".«««' 235, 21»r.

Gret, greeted, accosted, 842, 1933.
Grete=: great (ones), 2490.
Grete, cry, weep, 2157. A. S.

Greue, grove, copse, 1355, 1707,
1898, 1974.

100

avoasAsiAL motx.

g^]groyeB,207.508.

Chreuei, greayesi leg-armour, 675.
Grome (^groom), man, knight,

1006.
Qronyed, granted as a wild boar.

A.&. ffrunan, to gnmt.
*Gruohyng| displeasing, misliking,

2126.
♦Gh*we=gre, will, 2251.
Grjred^ trembled, was troubled,

agitated, 2370. A.S. yryr^, hor-
ror, terror.
♦Grymme, sharp, 413 ; cruel, 2260.
♦Giyndd, angry, wroth, fierce,

2338.
Gryndel-la^^k, anger, fierceness,

312.
Gryndelly, wrathfiilly, 2299.
Gryndelston, grindstone, 2202.
Gryped, grasped, 421, 1336.
Giird, gird, 588.
^Gyld, gilded, 569.
♦Gyng, assembly, 224.
*Gyrde}, strikes, spurs, 2160.

UM^ |l^^«' ^^> 327, 452,

£5Ki ^26,1252.

.Hadet==halet (?) whaled (?), 681.
See Edled.

*Balawed, hallowed, 1723.

*Haloe«halse, neck, 427.

Halohed, embraced, 939 ; looped^
&stened, 185, 218, 657, 1652.

Halohe^, fastens, 1613.

Halde, to hold, 1125.

:Halden, held, 124 ; obliged, bound,
1040, 1828; esteemed, 1297.

JSaldes, ) holds, 53, 627 ; journeys,

Halde^*) 698.

*JSaled, rushed, 458 ; rose, 788 ;
pulled, hauled, 1338; shot, dis-
charged, 1455; trinmied, 157;
gone, 1049.

Hales, drives, rushes, 136w

Half, behalf, 2149.

Halidaye;, festivals, 1049.
Halme, handle, 218, 330, 2224.
Halowyng, 1602.

2S' j neck, 621, 1353, 1639.

Halt, held, 2079.

Halue, behalf, 326, 692, 2119;
side, '742, 1552 ; sides, 2070,
2165.

Halydam, reliques of the saints (?),
or the sacrament (?), 2123.

*Hal^, saints, 2122.

Hamloune^, crosses, winds, a hunt-
ing term, used of the wiles of
the fox, 1708.

Han, (pi) have, 23, 1089, 2093.

Hanselle, specimen, first occur-
rence, 491 . O.N. handsel, stipu-
latio manufactu.

*Hap, fortune, 48; ^^hapvponhe^^^
= good fortune every where. Sir
>F. Madden thinks that it is
somewhat equival^it to hap-
'haxard,

Hapnest, most fortunate, 56.

*Happe, cover, enclose, 1224.

Happed, fast^ied, 655; wrapped,
864.

K^l] ««. «"•

Harled, drawn, trailed, 744. See
Baled.

Hamays, 590.

Hamayst, 592.

HaseJ, 744.

iHaspe, chain, fastening, 1233.

•Hasped, dasped, closed, 281,590,
831.

*Hasppe^, clasps, 1388.

HasUette^, part of the inwards of
a wild boar, 1612. In modem
writers it is spelt harslets, hasleU'.

*Hat, •) am named, 253, 381, 2445 ;

Hatte, J is called, 10.

*Hathel, an adjective used sub-
stantively to denote a noble per-
son, knight or warrior, 221, 234,

GLOSSARIAL INDEX.

101

356, 655, 844; appliedto God,

2056 ; to an attendant, 2065.
Hatheles, ) nobles, men^ etc., 829,
Hathele^, j 895, 949, 1138, 1602.
Hattes, art named, 379, 401.
Hauberghe, ) hauberk, cuirass,
Hawbergh, ) 203, 268.
Haunches, 2032.
Hawtesse, nobility, power,* 2454.
Hay ! exclamation or cry of the

hunters, 1158, 1445.
♦Haylce, embrace, salute, 2493.
♦Haylsed, saluted, 223, 810, 829.
Haylses, salutes, 972.
♦Hajer, more noble, fitter, 352.
Hajer = precious (.^), 1738.
Haj-thome, hawthorn, 744.
Hedle^, headless, 438.
*Hef, heaved, hove, raised, 826,

1587 ; was elated, 120.
Hegge^, hedges, 1708.
♦Heldande, bowing, inclining, 972.

1104.
Helden, to ride, follow, 1692 ; went,

rode, 1922.
Holder, more, in a greater degree ;

'' neuer-the-hoUer,'" 37.6, 430.

A word still preserved in Lan-
cashire and the North. O.N.

helld^r.
Heldet, set, went down, 1321 ;

moved, . went back, 233 1 ..
Helme, 203, 268.
Hem, them, 862.
Heme=hemme (?)=hem (?) skirt (?),

157. Sir F. Madden suggests

elosey tight,
Hemely, secretly, closely, 1882.

Ban. hemmeUg.
*Hende, fair, courteous, 108, 405,

467, 647, 896, 1104, 1731;

used substantively, 827, 946,

1252, 1813, 2330.
♦Hendelayk, coujrtesy, 1228.
Hendest, fairest, 26.
Hendly, ) fairly, courteously, well,
Hondely,) 773, 829, 895, 1228,

Heng, \ hang, 476, 478, 732,

Henge, ) 1345.

Henges, hangs, 182.

Henne, hence, 1078. AS. hen<m,

♦Hent, take, receive, 827; (j?r^.)

took, 864, 983, 2277, 2317.;

{p.p.) 2323, 2484.
Hentes, takes, 605.

He«J tt'^^' «4' 120, 428.

Herande, hearing, 450.

Herber, lodging, 755^ 812. A.8.
hereherga,

Herber, to lodge, 805.

Herbered, lodged, 2481.

♦Here, host, army, assembly, 59,
2271.

Here, hair, 180, 436; bristles,
1587.

♦Here, to praise, 1634.

Hered-men, courtiers, nobles, 302.
A.S. hiredy a royal household, a
court, assembly.

Herle, twist, fillet, 190.

Herre, higher, 333.

Hersimi, attentive, and hence de-
vout, 932. A.S. hyrsum^ obe-
dient*

Heruest, 521.

Hest, order, bidding, 1039, 1090,
1092.

*Hete, to promise, 2121.

♦Heterly, ) violently, strongly,

Hetterly, ) 1152, 1446, 1462,
1587, 2311 ; quickly, suddenly,
2291, 2317a

Hetes, promises, 1525;

♦Hethen, hence, 1794, 1879.

♦Hette, promised, 450.

Hette^, promisedest, 448.

g^«.j heavy, 289, 496.

♦Heuen, raise, 1346.
Heuened, raised, 349.
Heuen-ryche, heaven, 2423.
Hewen, forged, 211.
Hewes, colours, 1761..

102

OLOflSABUL INDEX.

Hei, ) high, 48, 222, 593 ; noble,
He^e, ) 812, 831 ; important,

1061 ; used adverbially, 1417.
Hejly, devontly, 755, 773 ; highly,

greatly, 949; quickly, 983. A.8.

Xi^tf, careful, diligent.
Hejt, height, 788.
iHider, hither, 264.
firmed, hastenedi 826, 1152. See

Hit, it, joined to a plural noun,

280, 1261.
Hije, ) noble,120; loud, 307,468,
Hyje, ] 1165, 1602 ; taU, 1164 ;

used substantively for heights,

Oiigh grounds, 1152, 1169, 2004.
!Hi^ch, nbble, admirable, 183.
HijtiLy, fitij% 1612. A.S. AyA^icv,

gladly, diligently.
Ho, she, 934, 948, 1001.

5^e,h^^^^'2297.
Hoge, huge, 208, 743.
?niL ) whole, entire, 1338, 1406,
Solk,) 1613,2296.
♦Holde, castle, mansion, 771.
Holde,faithfuUy,2129. L.^.heU.

Oerm. hold.
Soldely, faithfully, carefully, 1 875,

2016.
HoUy, whoUy, 1049, 1257.
Holsumly, comfortably, 1731.

5^4*; j forest, 742, 1677, 1697.

Holtej, forests, 1320.
Holyn-bobbe, hoUy-bough, 206.
Holj, hollow, 2182.
Hom, them, 99, 819, 979, 984.
Homered, hammered, struck, 231 1.
Homes, abodes, dwellings, 12.
Honde-selle, gift, 66. ^QQHtmselk,
Hondele, handle, use, 289.
Hone, delay, 1285.
Hoo, stop, 2330.

Hope, think, trust, 140, 352, 395,
2301.

Hor, their, 130, 1014, 1127, 1139,

Hore, hoary, 743.

Hose, 157.

Hostel, dwelling, inn, 805. O.Pr.

hosUiL
♦Houed, tarred, 785, 2168.
Houes, hoofs, 459.
Hojes, houghs, 1357. A.S. hoh.
Hult, hnt, 1594.
Hunt, hunter, huntsman, 1422,

1701.
Huntes, hunters, 1147, 1604, 1910.
Hwe, A«tf, colour, complexion, 147,

234.
Hwen, hew, cut, 1346.

.g^Jj hues, 707, 867, 1738.

Hyghe ! ) a shout or exclamation

Hyje ! ] of the hunters, 1445.

Hyj, sh. high, 302.

Hyj, vh. hasten, 299, 2121.

Hyj, sh haste, 245.

Hyje, noble, etc. See Hi^e,

Hyjen, hasten, 1910.

^^^^' I hastwis, 521,^361, 1462.

*Hyj1^ promised, 1966, 2218.
Hyjt, height, stature, 332.

1256,

' enough, 77, 219, 404,
514, 1401, 1948.

Iche, each, 126, 1811.
He, 7, 698.

Hk, \ same, 24, 1062,
nke,j 1385.
♦Hyche, alike, 44.
Innogh, <
Innoghe,
Inoj,
Ino^,
Innowe,
Inwyth, within, 1055.
•Irked, were fatigued, tired, 1573.
*I-wis, ) truly, certainly, 252,
I-wyis, [ 264,1035,1065,1226,
I-wysse, ) 1230, 1276, 1487.
♦lapej, jokes, jests, 542, 1957.
lentyle, gentie, of noble birth or
breeding, 542.

OLOSSARIAL INDEX.

103

loly, 86.
lolyly, gaily, 42.
lopaixle, 97.
loyfiies, youth, 86.
lusted, 42.
lustyng, 97.

♦Kachande, catcliing, reining up,

1581.
Kanel, collar, neck, 2298.
Kauelacioun, strife, 2275. See

Caueloun^.
Kay, left, 422. O.Ban. kai/, hn.
*Kayre, to journey, depart, 1048,

1670.
Kayred, turned, returned, 43.
♦Kajt, \ took, received, 643,
Kajten,) 11 W
*Kende=kenned, taught, 1489.
Kene, bold, brave, 321 ; active, 482.
Kenel, 1140.
Kenet, hound, 1701.
Kenly, quickly, 1048.
Kenne=bikenne==commend, 2067.
♦Kennes, teaches, 1484.
Kepe, care, heed, 546.
£epe, to heed, or meet in a hostile

way, 307 ; take heed, 372.
Kerchofes, kerchiefs, covering for

the head, 954.
Kerre, rock, 1431. A.S. carr,
*Kest, chance, blow (?), 2298 ;

twist, knot, 2376 ; stratagem,

2413.
Kest, raised, 64 ; cast, 228, 1192,

1355 ; thought, formed a plan,

1855 ; set, appointed, 2242.
Kesten, cast, 1649.
*Keuer, to arrive, accomplish, 750,

804 ; gain, 1221, 1254 ; recover,

2298.
Keuered, recovered, 1755.
Keuere J, obtains, brings, 1539; de-
scends, 2221.
Knaged, nailed, riveted, 577. Sw.

nagga^ to prick.
Knape, a man, 2136. A.S. enapa.

Knarre, rock, dif^ 1434. Dan.

hnortj a knur, knob.
Knarrej=rocks, 721, 2166.
Knawen, know, 133.
Knitten, j oined, 1 331 .
Knokled, with craggy projections,

rugged, 2166. Xhi. ibo&, a knot

in a tree. Q&r.hnochel^HLJmuchle^

knot.
EJiomed, rugged, 2166. ^w.hnorh^

to twist, cud.
EJiot, a hunting term, borrowed

from and used as the iFrench

neeud^ 1334.
Knot, crag, 1431, 1434.
Knotej, knobs, rivets, 57.7.
Knotte, 188, 194.
Knyt, made, 1642.
•Koyntyse, cunning, 2447.
Kowarde, 2131.

*Kyd, \ known, renowned, 51,
Kydde,) 263, 1520; directed,

775 ; shewed, manifested, 5340.
Kyn, kind, 890.
Eynnes, kinds, 1886.
Kynde, lineage, race, 5 ; nature,

disposition, reason, 321, 1348.
Kynde, suitable, 473.
Kyndely, suitably, 135.
Kyrf, cut, blow, 372. A.S. eyrf.
Kyrk, church, 2196.
♦Kyrtel, tunic, gown, 1831.
*Kyth, \ country, land, territory,
Kythe, ) kingdom, 460, 2120.

*Lach, to take, receive, accept,

234, 292, 1502, 16^76.
Lachen {^pl.) take, 1027, 1131.
Laches, | ^^^ receives, 595,

Lachet, clasp, tie, 591.
Lad, led, 947.
Lad^, lady, 1810.
Laft (=left), granted, delivered,
369.

1^

GLOSSABIAL INDEX.

Lag=lkgH=few=low(?), 1729.

Laght. See Za}t.

♦Lance, \ ride forth (?), 1 175 ; teU,

Latmee, ) 2124.

Lanced, rode, 1561 ; uttered, threw

out, 1766, 1212.
Lancen, &11 quickly, drop off, 526.
Langaberd^, Lombards, 12,
Lante, lent, gaye, 2250.
*Lappe, lappet, hem, 936.
Lapped, wrapped, folded, 217, 575.
•Lappej, embraces, 973.
Lappe;, flaps, 1350.
Larges, ) liberality, 2381 ; large-
Largesse,.) ness, 1627.
Lasse, less, 87'.
Lassen, to lessen, 1800:
♦Lathe, injury, harm, 2507.
♦Lathed, invited, 2403. Sir T.

Madden says it is '^ perhaps a

form of la^ed, laughed."
Launced. See Lanced,
♦Laund^j clear level space in a

wood, plain, lawn, 765, 2146,

2154, 2174, 2333.
Lausen, to loose, 1784.
♦Lawe, mount, hill, 765, 2171,

2175.
Lawe, manner (?), 790:
Lawse^, looses, 2376.
♦Layk, sport, game, 1023, 1125,

1513.
Layke, to sport, play, 1111.
"^aykedj sportedj played, 1554,

1560.
Laykej, sk sports, 262.
Laykej, vh. plays, sports, 1178.
Laykyng, sport, playing, 472.
♦Layne, tb conceal, keep secret,

1863, 2124, 2128; {imp.) 1786.
Layt, lightning,. 199.
♦Layt, to look, seek, 411, 449.
Laytes, seeks, 355;
Lajande, laughing, 988, 1068,1212.

J;^^ j kugh, 472, 464, 2514.

^.ajed, laughed,. 69, 909, 107.9..

Lajt, took, caught, received, 328,
433, 667, 1630, 2449; taken,
received, 156, 971, 2507 ; caught,
433.

Lajter, laugh, laughter, 1217.

Lajyng, laughing, 1954.

^^ I lea, land, plain, 849, 1893.

Ledande, leading, 1894.

♦Lede, man, person, 98, 540, 1063,

1195, 2095 ; people, folk, 258 ;

land, territory, 833, 1113.
Ledej, men, 38, 126, 679, 1231.
♦Lef, dear, agreeable, 909, 1111,

1924.
Legge, liege, 346.
Leke, fastened, encircled, 1830.

O.Sw. lycka.
Lei, ) loyal, faithful, 35, 1513,
Lele, ) 1516.
Lelely, loyally, faithfully, 449,

1663, 2124.
♦Lemand, ) gleaming, shining,
Lemande, y 485, 1119.
Lemed, shone, gleamed, 591^ 1137,

2010.
Lemman, mistress, 1781. A. S.

leof'tnan*
♦Lende, to dwell, tarry, continue,

1100, 1499.
♦Leng, ) to dwell, tarry, remain^
Lenge, \ 411, 254, 1068.
Lenge, long, 88.
Lenged, dwelt, tarried, 1194, 1299.

1683.

LenlJ j ^^^^«' *^^«' ^^^' ^^^-

♦Lent, remained, sate, was sta-
tioned, 1002, li440; occupied,
1319. See Lende.

Lenthe, length, 1231.

Lentoun, Lent, 502.

♦Lore, countenance, 318, 418.

♦Lere, loss, 1109; ^'lere other better^*
="lossorgain." Sir F. Madden

GLOSSABIAL IKDEX«

106

suggests "to teach" as the ren-
dering of lere.
♦Lese, to lose, 2142.
Lested, lasted^ 805;
Let, caused, 1084*; ^^Ut noti*^ was

not able, 1733.
Lete, to look, 1206 ; appeared,

1281; feigned, acted, 1190,

1201, 2257. A.S. latani to

pretend.
♦Lethe, to depress, moderate, 2438.
Lether, skin, 1360.
Lette, hindrance, 2142.
Lette, to stop, tarry, 2603;.
Letted, hindered, 1672.
Lettej (be), leave off, 1840.
Lettrure, science, 1513.
*Leude, ) man, knight, 133, 232,
Lude, j 449, 675, 851, 908,

1109; territory,. laud,. 1124.
Leudes, man's, 2449.
Leudej, men, 849, 1023, 1413.

See Zede.
Leudle^, companionless, 693.
Leue, live, 1035.
Leue, believe, 2421, 1784, 2128.
*Leue, dear, beloved, 1133, 2054.
Leuer, rather, liefer, 1251 ; dearer,

1782.
Leuest, dearest, most precious, 49,

1802.
*Lewd, ) ignorant, unlearned,
Lowed, ) 1528;
Lewte, loyalty, faith, 2366, 2381.
Lej, lay, 2006.

Lejten, took, 1410. See Za^t.
Liflod, living, livelihood, 133.

|;yS;,j>liglite, 1906, 2176.

Like, please, 87.
List, pleasure (?), 1719.
♦Lithemej, fierceness, 1627.
*Lode, guidance, 969; conduct,

behaviour, 1284.
Lodly=loudly(?), 1634.
♦Lodly, uncourteously, 1772.
Lofden {pret.pl), loved, 21.

]^^ I chamber, 1096, 1676.

Loke, preserve, 2239.

Loken, secured, fsistened, enclosed,

35, 765, 2487.
Lokke^, looks, 419.
♦Lome, tool, axe, 2309.
Longed, belonged, appertained,

1524, 2515.
Longe^, belongs, 2381.
Longynge, regret, trouble, 540.
Lopen, leapt, 1413.
Lore, learning, skill, 665.
Lortschyp, lordship, 849.
Los, ) renown, famed, 258, 1528.
Lose, ) Fr. hs.
♦Lote, sound, word, and hence

noise, mirth, jest, 119, 1623,

1917, 2211,
*Lote, feature, aspect, gesture, 639.
*Lotej, words, 988, 1086, 1116,

1399, 1954^. Sir F. Madden

thinks that lots is connected

with French losterie, badinage.
Lothe, unwillingness, 127 ; loath,

unwilling, 1578.
Louked, fastened, looped, 217.

Loupe, loop-hole in a castle, 792.

*Lout, ) to bow down, bend to,

Loute, ) 248.

Loutes, ) descends, 833, 933 ;

Loutej, ) stoops,bends, 1306, 1504.

Louue, for loute (?), or loune (=
lovne, praise, 1251.

Louelych, lovingly, 1410.

Loueloker, lovelier ; used substan-
tively = the fairer one, 973.

Louelokest, 52.

Louied, loved, 87, 702.

Louy, love, 1795.

^^-'j loves, 2099, 2468.

♦Lowande, shining, 236; conspicu-
ous, 679, 868. Cf. O.E. low, a
flame, light.

106

GL0SH9ABIAL INDEX.

Lowe, quiet, secret, 1399.
^|;J low, 302, 1040, 1170.

Loje, laughed, 2389.

Lojly, lowly, humbly, 851, 1960.

Lude. See Lede and Zeude.

liuf, love, pleasure, 1086, 1284,
1524.

Luf-la^yng » luf-laugliiiig= amor-
ous play, 1777.

Lufly, ) flw^Movely, fair, comely,

Luflych, ) agreeable, anuable, 38,
575, 792, 868, 981, 1469, 1480,
1657, 1757 ; adv. courteously,
lovingly, becomingly, 254, 595,
1206, 1306, 1583.

Luflyly, courteously, lovingly, 369*
2176, 2514.

Luf-talkyng, 927.

Lur, loss, misfortune, 355, 1284,

1682.
Lurkkes, 1180.

*Lut, 1 ^d^.of ^^,stooped,bowed
Lutte, J down, 418, 2236, 2255.
*Lyfte, sky, heaven, 1256.
Lyffce, left, 698, 947.
*Lyge?, lies, 1179.

Lyke' ] ^^^^' ^^^ ' pleased, 1281.
Lykker-wys, more pleasing, de-

Ughtfdl, 96B.
*Lymp, to happen, befall, 1109.
Lymped, befell, 907.

Lynde, wood, tree, 256, 2176.

Lynde-wodes, 1178.

Lyndes (=lendes), loins, 139. A. S.

hndenu, loins.
Lyne, linen; whence for female

apparel in general, 1814.
Lyre, complexion, countenance,

943, 2228; skin, 2080.
Lyst, desired, willed, 941, 1784,

2049.

Lyste, pleases, 2133.

Lystily, \ quickly, promptly,

Lystyly,) 1190, 1334.

♦Lyte, few, 701, 1776.

*Lythen, to listen, 1719.

Lyje, to lie, recline, 1096, 1994.

Lyjt, lighted, 1924.

Lyjt, light, not heavy, 608.

Ly^t, to descend, ali^t, fall, 423,

1L75, 1373,-2220.
Ly^tej, alights. See Zt^te^,
Lyjten (jpZ.), alight, 526.
Xyjtly, easily, 423, 1299.

Mach SB match, to encounter, meet

in combat, 282.
*Mace= mas =s makes, 1885.
♦Madde, rage with love, 2414.
Ma fay I mafoi! 1.495.

^J makes, .106.

Mdel'l ^^^' trunks, 1129, 1809.

Malt, dissolved, .melted, 2080.

Manor, 90.

Manere^, 924.

Manerly, 1656.

Mansedsmanased, menaced, 2345 .

♦Marre, to destroy, 2262.

♦Mat, ) overcome, discouraged,

Mate, ) wearied, 336, 1568.

Matjne^, ) morning prayers, 756,

Matynnes, ) 2188.

*Maw-gref, in spite of, 1565.

♦May, maiden, 1795.

*Mayn, great, powerful, strong,
94, 187, 336, 497.

Maynteines, maintains, 2053.

Majtyly, mightily, forcibly, 2262,
2290.

Me, used in apposition with the
subject of the sentence = my-
self, thyself, etc., 1214, 1905,
1932, 2014, 2144.

*Mele, to speak, talk, 2295, 2503.

Meled, spoke, talked, 447, 1280,

GLOflSARIAL IND£X.

107

Melef, speak, 543, 974, 23S6.

Kelle, ) conflict, battle, 342, 644,

MeUy, j 1451.

^Mene, to mgnify, 232; devise,
085 ; make att^pt on(?), 1157.

^M^siged, mixed, 1720.

♦Mensk, ) honour, worship, 834,

Kenske, ) 914, 2052 ; worship-
ful, 964.

Mensked, honourably decked, 153.

Menskes, honours, 2410.

Menskful, honourable, 555, 1628,
1809.

Menskly, honourably, 1312, 1983.

*Meny, ) retinue, household, com-

Meyny, ) pany, 101, 1372, 1625,
1729, 2468.

Menyng, knowl^ge, remembrance,
924.

Mere, simple, pure, good, 153,
878, 924, 1495.

*Mere, ) s^meer, boundary, and

Merk, j hence appointed place
of meeting, 1061, 1073.

Merkke^, aims at, 1592.

Mes, mess, meal, 999.

Messes, 999.

Messe-quyle, the time of celebra-
ting mass, 1097.

Metely, measurely, fitly, 1004,
1414.

^Methles, unconrteous, without
pity, 2106.

Meued, moved, 90.

Me^el-mas, Michaelmas, 532.

Miche, much, 569.

Misy, quagmire, 749. Still used
in the North.

Mo, more, 23, 730, 770.

Mode, mind, 1475.

Molaynes, round embossed orna-
ments (?), 169.

♦Molde, earth, ground, 137, 914,
964.

Mon, used as the Germ, man, and
Fr. on, for one, a person, 1209,
1484.

Mon, must, 1811. O.I^. mtm.
More, greater, bi^;er, 649, 2100.
Moroun, morrow, 1208.
Morsel, 1690.
Mot, may, 342, 387, 2053 ; must,

1965, 2510.
Mote = moot, assemblage, meeting,

635, 910. A.S. m6L
*Mpte, castle, 764, 2052.
Mote, atom, 2009.
Mote, ) notes or measures of a
Motej, j bugle, 1141, 1364.
Mounture, saddle horse, 1691.
Moumyng, 543.

Mojten,!"^^*'^^'^®^^'^^^^-

Much, great, loud, 182, 2336.

Much-quat =» much-what, many
matters, 1280.

Muckel, greatness (of stature, size),
142.

Muged, was cloudy, 142. O.N.
muggay der nubilus. Sir F.
Madden renders it stirred,
hovered.

Mulne, mill, 2203. A.S. myln.

*Munt, blow, 2350. See Mgnt

Munt, feigned, 2262.

Muryly, merrily, pleasantly, play-
fuUy, 2336, 2345.

Mused, stood in doubt, 2424.
^^ Mowsyn or priuely stodyyn
(stondyn a dowt, K. stodyn a
dowte, H. mtmn or stodien a
doughte, P.) Muso, Musso."
(Prompt. Parv.)

Mute, pack of hounds, 1451, 1720.

Mute^meet, meeting of hunters,
1915. A.S. mU.

Muthe=mouthe, 447, 1428.

Mwe, to move, 1565.

Myd-mom, 1073.

Mynged, remarked, announced,
1422. A.S. myngianj to inform,
mark. Sir F. Madden suggests
assembled as the meaning of

108

GLOSSABIAL INDEX.

Myne^, calls to remembranee, 995.

*Mynne, to think, remember, de-
vise, 141, 1681, 1800,. 1^92,
1769.

Mynne, less, 1881. O.N. minm.

Mynned, devised, 982.

Mynstralcie, 484;

*jM[yiit, aim, blow, 3346;

Myntes (pi), blows, 2352.

Myntest, didst aim or strike, 2274.

^Mynte^, aims, strikes, 2290.

Myre, 749.

Mys-boden,- offered wrong, 2339.

Mysses, faints, 2391.

Myst-hakel, cloak of mist, 2081.
A.S. hacele, a cloak, mantle.

Myjtes, powers, 282.

Nade, had not, 724, 763.

Naf, have not, 1066.

*l^akerys=nakers, drums, 1016.

*Nakrynr(^^. pl.\ of drams, 118.

Nar, are not, 2092.

Nannt, thy naunt, thine annt, 2467.

Nay, denied, refased, 1836.

Naylej, 603.

Naylet, nailed, 599.

Nay ted, celebrated, 65 . O.E. nayte,

to use, employ, enjoy. O.N.

neyta. Left unexplained by Sir

F. Madden.
Najt, night, 1407.

1^ •, ' ' of necessity, necessarily,
Nedjj 1287,177.1,1965,2510.
*Negh, ) to approach, 1054 ; to
Neghe, ) touchy 1836. See Ne^e,
Neked, little or nothing, 1062,

1806.
*Neme, take, 1347.
Nerre, nearer, 237, 556, 1306.
*Neuen, to name, speak of, 58.
Neuened, named, mentioned, 65,

641.
Neuenes, names, 10.

'

Nej,

Neie, nigh, 929, 1771, 1922-

Niej, )

*Neje, to approach, 1576.

Nejed, approached, 132, 697, 929.

Nejes, approaches, 1998.

Nif, unless, 1769.

Nikked naye, denied strongly,
706, 2471.

Nirt, cut, hurt, 2498.

Nobelay, nobleness, 91.

*No-bot, except, 2182.

Noghe=nyghe==nigh, 697.

Noke, comer, nook, 660.

Nolde, would not, 1054, 1825.

Nome, name, 10, 408, 937.

Nome, took, 809, 1407.

Nomen, taken, 91.

None^, nonce, 844%

♦Nome,) to proffer, 1661, 1669,

Nume, ) 1823; allege, 2443.

♦Note, occasion, business, use, 358,

' 699.

Note, throat-knot5(?), (Fr. ncsud)
420. But perhaps " to the note"
=to the axe, note being of the
same origin as the preceding
woTd=a^tool, weapon.

Note, noted (?), 2092.

Noumbles, parts of the inward of
the deer, 1347.

*Nouthe,)now, 1251, 1934, 2466;

Nowthe, j . not(?), 1784.

Nowther, neither, 659.

Nowel, Noel, Christmas, 68.

Nojt, nought, 680, 694, 961.

Nurae. See Nome,

Numed, proffered, 1771.

Nurture, 919, 1661.

Nwe, new, anew, 60, 636, 1668.

Nwej, news, tidings, 1407.

Nw-jer, ) New -year, 60, 105,

Nwe-jer, ) 284.

Nw-jeres, ) New-year's, 454,

Nwe-jerej, ) 1054, 1669.

*Nye, ) difficulty, trouble, harm,

Nyje, ) 68, 2002, 2141,

OLOSSABIAL INDEX*

109

Kye, to harm, assault, 1575.
Nykked with nay, denied, 706,
♦Nyme, to take, 993, 2141.
Nys, nice, strange, 323, 358.
Nysen {pres, ph), become foolish,
1266.

O, of, B15.

Of, from, 183, 519, 1413 ; off, 773,

1332, 1607.
Of-kest, cast off, 1147.
Oghe, ought, 1526.
Olde, 1440. See For-olde.
On, one, 30, 206, 864, 952; in,

867, 969.
On-chasyng^a-chasing, a-hunting,

1143.
On-coolde, sorrowfully, 2474.
*On-dryje=on-dreje=adrej, aside,

1031.
One, alone, unaccompanied, 2118 ;

hym on^i 904; oure one, 1230,

2245.
Onewe, anew, 65.
Onej, once, 1090.
On-ferum, afar, 1575.
On fyrst, at first, 301, 491, 1477.
On-huntyng, a hunting, 1102.
On-hyjt, on high, aloft, above, 421.
On-lenthe, afar, 232, 1231.
On-life, ) alive, in life, 385, 1717,
On-lyue, ) 1786.
On-lofte, aloft, above, 788, 2261.
On-loghe, below; down, 1373.
On-ny^tes, at night, in the night,

47, 693.
On (vp)-slepe, asleep, 244.
On-stray, astray, aside, 1716.
Onsware, to answer, 275.
Onswarej, answers, 386.
Or, than, 1543.
Oritore, oratory, 2190.
♦Orpedly, boldly, 2232.
Oryjt, aright, 40.
Ostel, mansion, 253. See Hostel.
Other, or, 9, 702, 1246; either,

2216.

Other-whyle, other times, 722.
Oute, throughout, wholly, 1511.
Outtrage, surprising, 29.
Oueral, everywhere, 630.
Ouer-thwert, athwart, across, 1438.
Ouer-walt, overcome, overturned,

314. See Walt
Ouer-jede, passed over, 500.
0?t, ought, 300, 1815.
*Ojt=ajt, bold, 2215.

Pane, cloth, 154. O.Fr. pane.

Panej {pi), 855.

*Papiayej, parrots, 611.

Papure, paper, 802.

Paraunter, peradventure, 2343.

Pared, cut, 802.

Park, 769.

Passande, passing, 1014.

Patrounes, sovereigns, 6.

Paume^, aiitlers, 1155.

Paunce, coat of mail, 2017.

♦Payej, pleases, 1379.

Payne, to be «t pains, endeavour,

1042.
^Payre, to injure, impair, 1734.
Payred, failed, 650, 1456.
Payttrure, defence for the neck of

a horse, 168, 601.
Pelure, costly fur, IS4.
Pelures {pi), furs, 2029.
Pendauntes, ) the dropping oma-
Pendaunte^, j ments of horse-
trappings or a girdle, 168, 2038,

2431.
Penyes, pence, money, 79.
Pentangel, ) figiire of five points,
Pentaungel, j 620, 636, 664.
Pented, pertained, 204.
Pemyng, picking and dressing, a

term applied to birds, 611.
♦Pertly, openly, promptly, 544,

1941.
Pes, peace, 266.
Pese=pay8, measure, weight, 2364.

See Gloss, to Hampole.
Peter! an oath used as Mary ! 813.

110

GLOSSARIAL INDEX.

Piched, \ fastened, 576 ; sitaated,
Pyched, j fixed, 768.
*Piked, ) ornamented, cleaned,
Pyked, j bnmished, 769, 2017.
Pyned, enclosed, fortified (?), 769.

(Perhaps a mistake for pynaeled.

Sir F. Madden).
Pypyng, 1017.

♦Pine, 1 trouble, grief, pain, tor-
Pyne, j ment, 123, 747, 1612,

1985.
Piped, 747.
Pitosly, 747.
Pijt. See Py)t.
Plate, 583.
Plate;, steel armour for the body,

2017.
Plesaunce, pleasure, 1247.
Plesaunt, 808.
Plytes, straits, 733.
Ply^t, harm, danger, 266 ; offence,

fault, 2393.
Polaynes, knee-pieces in a suit of

armour, 576. This term for

aenouillteres is found in the

nousehold book of Edward the

Pirst.
Policed, ] polished, 57^, 2038 ;
Polysed, > made clean, absolyed,
Polyst, ) 2393.
Porter, 808.
Poudred, 800.
Pouer, poor, 7^8.
Poynt^ condition, 2049 j to declare,.

write, 1009..
Praunce, 2064.

Prayere, meadow,* 768. YT-pratrts.
Prayse, estimate, appraise, 1850.
Prece, proceed, 2097.
Presed, thronged, 830.
♦Prestly, promptly, 757, 911.
Preu^> privy, secret, 902.
Preue, to prove, 262.
Preued, proved, 79.
Prik, to gallop, 2049.
Pryme, prime, six o'clock in the

morning, 1175.

Pris, ) price, worth, estimation,
Prys, ) excellence, 1247, 1277,

1770, 1850, 2364;:reward, prize,

1579, 1630.
Prise, fine, good, 1945.
Prowes, prowess, valour, courage,

912, 1249.
Prys, note of the horn in hunting

after breaking up the game,

1362, 1601..
Pure, quite, perfect, 808, 1247.
Pured, refined, pure, 633, 912,

1737, 2393.
Pured, furred^ 154.
Pynakle, 800.
Pyne, to take pains, 1538.
Pyned, 1009.

Pysan,. gorget of mail or plate at-
tached to the helmet, 204.
Pyth, strength, power, 1456.
Pyjt, pitched, fixed, 1456, 1734.

Qjiat, whai^ 233, 460.
Quat, how! lo! 563,2201.
Quat-so,- whatsoever, 255.
Quaynt,. 999.
Quel, while, 822.
Queldepoyntes, hassocks (?), 877.
♦Qjielle,^ to put an end to, 752 ;

kill, 1449, 2109,
Quelled, slain, 1324.
♦Queme, good, pleasant, 578, 2109.

Quere, where, 1058.
Quer-fore, wherefore, 1294.
Querensoj. wheresoever, 644, 1227,

1490.
Querr^, quarry, 1324. Fr. curie.

To make the quarry ^\a break

up the deer, and feed the hounds

on the skin
Quest, united cry of the hounds^

1150, 1421.
Quethe, cry, clamour, 1150. A.S.

cwHhan, to call ; cwithe, a saying.
Quethen— whethen=whence, 461.

OLOSSARIAI, INDEX.

Ill

Qnether, whether, 1109.

Quettyng^whetting, 2220.

Guile, While, 30, 257, 722,

Quyle, j 1035; until, 536; some-
times, at times, 1730; during,
1096,

Quit, 293.

Quit, )

Quite, (white, 799,. 885, 1205,

Quyt, I 2364.

Quyte,. /

Quo, who,- 231..

Quo-BOj. whoso, 209,. 306.

Quoyntaunce, acquaintance, fa-
miliariiy, 975.

Quy, who, 623.

Quyk, alive, 2109.

Quyle K>rth,, during some,. 1072.
Quyte, to requite,, repay, 2244,
2324.

Babel, rabbel, pack, 1899-
*Eace (on^race), swifb course, pace,

1420.
Bace, cut, blow, 2076.
Bach, hound, li903. A.S* raeeef

race, a setting dog.
Bachchej, V hounds, 1164, 1362,
Bachej, ) 1420,1426,1907.
*Rad. afraid, 251.
Bad, ready, quick, 862. A. 8. rdd.
♦Kadly, promptly, readily, 367^.

1164, 1343, 1744.
Baged, ragged, 745.
*Rak, vapour, fox, 1695.
Bake, course, way, road,, path,,

2144, 2160. Cf. 8c. sheep-railie.

See Itayhe.

<* Out of the rahe of ri^twyanes renne
snld he nevire."

(K. Alex., p. 115.)

"lene to the left handes

For the rake on the right hand, that
may na mann passe."

{Ibid,, p. 180.)

♦Rande, a path, 1710. 8ir F.
Madden reads raude,

♦Rapley, quickly, 2219.

♦Rapes, moves quickly, runs, 1309,
1903. O.Sw. rapp, velox, citus.

Base}, rushes, 1461. A. 8. raesan,
8ee Race,

♦Basse, raised mound, eminence,
1570.

Batheled, fixed, rooted, 2294.

♦Rawej, rows, 513.

♦Rawthe, terrible, dreadful, 2204.

*R[a]ykande, loud, strong, literally
ruahing^homrayle, to rush, flow,
2337.

♦Rayked, went, moved, ran, 1727,
1735.

Raykej, proceed,. 1076.

Rayled, spread^ 952 ; bordered, 163,
603, 745. Rayle in O.E. sig-
nifies to cover, clothe, deck, and
may be connected with rail, a
garment. JL,S,hragl, ^eBoke
of the Howlat, Hi. (ed. Laing.)

Raynej,,reins-, 4471

Raysoun, reason, argument, 227;
hy-re8oun=^hj right, rightly,
reasonably, 1344.

*Rajt,. rushed, 432 ; reached, gave,
1817, 1874, 2297.

Ra^te^, gavest, 2351.

Rech, ) reach, give, 66, 1804,

Reche,.] 2059; attain, 1243.

♦Reches, ) extends, 183; readiest,

Reche^, ] givest, 2324.

Rechatand »^recheating, blowing
the recheat, 1911.

Recheated, blew the recheat, blown
on with the recheat, 1466.

♦Rechles, ccureless, 40.

Recorded, 1123.

Recreaunt, 456.

♦Red = rede, advise, counsel, 738.

Redde,, counselled,, said, 443.

♦Rede,.maintain (?), 1 970 ;.counsel,
363,. 2111;,

Rede;, managest, 3%3«

^^'

112

GLOSSARIAL INDEX.

^;, } ^'^y' 373, 392.
Befourme, renew, remake, 378.
♦Eehayted, cheered, encouraged,

895, 1422, 1744.
Eeherce, 1213.
Kehersed, 392.
*Eekenly,nobly.wortliily,prmcely,

39, 251, 821.'
*Eele, to encounter, 2246.
♦Eeled, swaggered, 229 ; rolled,

spread, 304.
Eemene, to remember, 2483.
Eemorde, to blame, 2434.
♦Remwe, to remove, change, 1475.
♦Kenay, refuse, 1827.
♦Eenayed, refused, 1821.
*Eenk, ) man, knight, 303, 691,
Renke, J 1558, 1821.
Eenkkes, ) men, 432, 862, 1134,
Eenkkej, ) 2246.
Eennande, running, 857.
♦Renne, to run, 1668.

l:r;:H«.«i«' 731. 1570.

Repayre, 1016.
Require, 1056.
*Res, swift course, pace, 1164,

1899.
Resayt, a hunting term applied to

the stations taken up by those

on foot, 1168.
Rescowe, rescue, 2308.
♦Resette, place of reception, abode,

2164.
Respite, 297.

Restayed, stopt, driven back, 1153.
Resteyed, constrained, 1672.
Reue, to take away, bereave, 2459.
Reuel, 311, 538.
Reuerence, 251, 1243.
Rewarde, 1610.
Richchande, running, 1898.
Richen, dress, 1130.
♦Ricchis,

Riches,
Ryches,

goes, 8 ; prepares,
dresses, 1309, 1873.

Riche, ) noble, proud, powerful,
Ryche, ) 8, 20, 39, 40, 397,

1 744. Used substantively in the

plural, nobles, 66, 362.
Riche, ah, horse (?), 2177.
Richley, ) proudly, nobly, 308,
Rychely, ( 931.
Rimed, spoke loudly, 308. A.S.

hreman.
Roche, rock, 2199.
Rocher, rock 1432.

Rode, rood, 1949.

Rof, blow, cut, 2346; evidently

from O.E. rtve, to tear, cut.
Rogh, )

Roghe, f rough, sh!aggy,.745, 1432,
Roj, t 1608,1898,2162,2198.
Rq^, 7
Rokked, rolled, knocked off,

cleansed, 2018.

" Geoffrey of Vinesauf says, ^Rotantur
loricse, ne rubigine squalescunt,' which.
Sir S. Meyrick adds, was done by put-
ting the coat of mail into a barrel
filled with sand and rolling it about."
(Orit. Inq , 1. 85.)

Rome^= roams, walks, proceeds,*

2198.
Ronej, thickets, brushwood, 1466.
"Thane thay roode by that ryuer, that

rynnyd so swythe,
Thare the ryndez overrechez with

realle bowghez ;
The roo and the rayne-dere reklesse

thare rovene
In ranez and in rosers to ryotte thame-
selvene."

(Morte Arthure, p. 78.)

Ronge {pret, of ringe), resounded,
clattered, 2204.

"Hys armour ryngia or ehUtira hor-
ribly."

(G.. Douglas, vol. ii., p. 576.)

Ronk, beautiful, 513.
Ronkkled, wrinkled, 953.
Rote, in phrase hi-rote = cheerfully,
confidently, 2207. A.S. r6t^

GL08SABIAL INDEX,

113

cheerful. Cf. root-fast, firm,

steadfast (A.S. r6t'fmt\ This

tenn is left imexplained hy Sir

P. Madden.
♦Eoun, to whisper, commune, 362,
Bounce, steed, 305. O.E. runci.

Fr. roncin,
*Rous,=rose, praise, fame, 310.
Bonst, rust, 2018.
Boute, violent movement, impetus,

467.
Bone, cleaved, cut, 2346 ; j^ret. of

rive,
Bouej, roofs, 799,

B,o|e, j ^^S^' ®®® ^^Sf^'
♦Buchched, ] ordered, fixed, set-
Buched, j tied, 303,367, 2219.

See Etches,
♦Budede, streaked with red, ruddy,

1695. Cf.O.l&.rode&ndruddon.
Budelej, curtains, canopies, 857.
Buful, 2076.

Bugh, ] rough, 953, 2166. See
Buje, j Hoffh.

♦Bunisch, violent, impetuous, 457.
♦Bunischly, fiercely, roughly, 304.
Bunyschly, violently, 432.
*Burd, I noise, clamour, 1149,
Burde, j 1698, 1916.
♦Buthes, moves, Presses, 1558.
Byalme, realm, 310, 691.
*Bych, 4irect, 1223. See Hiches.
Byches, goes, prepares. See Etches.
Byched, airiched, 599 ; prepared,

2206.
Byd, V=rid, to release, 364;
Bydde, ) separate, 2246. A.S.

riddan,
Byde,. proceed, . 1 344.
l^ygge, back, 1344, 1608.
Bymej, skirts, 1343. A.S. reama,

O.E. rente, membrane, rim. See

Ei/m in Glossary to Hampole.
*Byngej-=rynkej =renkej = men,

2018.
Bynk, ring, 1817, 1827.

Byol, Toyal, 2036.

Bypej, become ripe, 528.

Bys, bough, twig, 1698. A.S. hris,

*Bytte=ryte, cut, rip, 1332. Fris. '

ryte,
*Byue=ryfe=rife, much, 2046.
Byuej, lips, rivesj cuts, 1341, 2290.
By^t, addressed, prepared, 308.

Sabatounf, steel shoes, 574. Fr.

sahot, Spanish sfipato.
Sadel, «i. 437 ; vh. 1128.
Sadly, gravely, steadily, 437, 1593,

1937, 2409.
Saf, save, except, 394.
Sage=segge:=man, 531.
♦Sale, haU, 197, 243, 349.
Salue, to salute, 1473.
Salure, salt-cellar, 886.
♦Same, ) together, 50, 363, 673,
Samen, j 744, 1318.
♦Samen, to assemble, 1372.
Samned, joined, 659.
Sauer, safer, J1202.
Saverly, savourly, carefully, 1937,

2048.

g*^\| saying, speech, 1202, 1246.

Sajej, words, 341.
Saylande, flowing, 866.
Sayn, gii^dle, 689.
♦Sayned, blessed, 761, 1202.
Saynt, rich stuff, Fr. aamtt, 243 L
Scade=schade, divided, severed,

425.
♦Scathe, harm, 674, 2353.
Schadden, shed, dropt, 727.
Schafte, spear,. 205.
Schafted, set, sank, 1467.
Schale, shall, 1240.
♦Schalk, anan, . knight, 160, 424,

562, 1776, 2061, 2372.
Schalke^, men, knights, 1454.
Scham, 317.
Schamed,llS9.
Schankes, legs, 160.
Schap, was formed, shapen, 2328.

114

OLOSSARIAL HHJEX.

Schape, direct (?), 1210. Sir F.

Madden suggests escape,
Sohapen, shaped, 213.
ScbapeSy relates, 1626.
Scharp, used substantively for

sword, 1593, 1902 ; axe, 2318.
Bchaterande, dashing, 2083.
Schawe, to show, 27.
♦Schaje, grove, wood, 2161.
8cheder^==schedes (?), drifts (?),956.
Schedej, pours, 506.
Schelde^, shields of a boar, 1456,

1626.
*8chemereE=shimeired, glittered,

772.
♦Sohend, ) to destroy, confound,
Schende, ) 2266.
♦Schene, bright, beantiftil, 662,

2314; used substantively, 2268.
Schere===chere, countenance, mien,

334.
Scher, cut, 1337.
Schere, to cut, shear, 213.
Scho, she, 1259, 1550, 1555.
Scholes, hangs down (?), 160.

Schore, shore, earth, 2161, 2332.
Schorej {ph\ 2083.
Schottwi, shot, 1 167.
Schowued, shoved, fell with force,

2083.
Schowen {pi. pres,)^ shove, push,

1454.
Schowue^, shoves, pushes, 2161.
Schrank, irank,^ pierced, 425, 2313.
Bchrof, shrived, 1880. ^
Schunt, A shunt, flinching, 2268.
Schunt, shunted, flinched, shrunk,

1902, 2280.
8chwne=shun, protect,defend, 205 .
Schylde, forbid, 1776.
♦Schyn, shaU, 2401.
♦Schyr, \ fair, bright, clear, 317,
Schyre, > 425, 619, 772; used
. Schyire, ) substantively for skin,

neck, 2256.

Schyre, fairly, clearly, 506, 2083.
Schyrer, fairer, clearer, 955.
Schyrly, cleanly, 1880.
Scowtes, high rocks (?), 2167.
Sech, seek, 1052.
Seche, such, 1543-
Sege,

Segge, ,
''^Segg, '
Segge,

siege, 1, 2525.

man, knight, 96, 115, 226,
394, 437, 674.

SegP?) I °'^''' ^^^' ^^^' ^"^^^^
Seghe, saw, 1705.
*Seker«=siker, sure, trusty, Mth-

ful, 265, 403.
Sdden, seldom, 499.
^Sele, good fortune, prosperity,

1938,;2409, 2422.
Sellokest, most surprising, 1439.
♦Selly, marvel, wonder, 475, 2170.
Selly, strange, 28 ; wondrously,

1194.
Sellyej, wonders, 239.
Sellyly, strangely, wondrously,

963, 1803.
Sellyly = selly, excellent, 1962.
Selure, canopy, 76.
Seluen, self, 51, 107, 113,1548.
Semblaunce,')countenance, appear-
Semblaunt, J ance, behaviour,

148, 468, 1273, 1658.
Semble, assembly, 1429.
*Seme, seemly, proper, 1085.
Semed; beseemed, befitted, 73, 1 929.
Semely, comely, fair, 672, 685.
Semej, seams, borders, 610.
Semly, ) fairly, suitably, becom-
Semlych, * ] ingly, courteously,

865, 882, 916, 1198, 1658.
Semloker,!more seemly, fairer, 83.
SenJyly, becomingly, 622.
Sendal, fine silk, :76. According

to Ducange it is a species of

camelot.
Sene, truthfol (?), 148, 841. O.Bw.

aann, true.
Sene, to see, 712.

GLOSaAKIAL UfBEX.

116

♦Sere, sereral, 124, 632, 761, 822,
1982; diverse, 889, 2417; sepa-
rately, 1522.

♦Serlepes, severally, by tuma, 601.

Sertayn, certainly, 174.

Serued, deserved, 1380.

Seruyce, 751.

Sese, to receive, 1825.

Sesed, held, seized, 822, 1330,

Sesed, ceased, 1, 1088, 2526.

Sete=swete(?), 889.

Settel, seat) chair, 882.

Seuer, to pirt, 1988,

Seueresy parts, 1797.

♦Sewe, prepared dish of meat, per-
haps a stew, 892.

Sewes {pi,), 124, 889i

Seye, to go, 1879.

Seje, { saw, 672^ 707, 1619,1911.

Sejen, )

Se^n, arrived, 1958;

Sidborde^, 115.

♦Siker, ) sure, trusty, brave, 96,

Syker, ) 115, 2048, 2493.

Siker, surely, 163.

Siker, ^h. to pledge, '^ siker my

trawthe " = pledge my word

(troth), 1673; assure, 394.
SilXe, sea^ bb. A'.S. sylUy a chair.
Skayued, wild, 2167. Se& note,

p. 83.
Skere^sherc^pure, modesty 12j61 .

A.S. Bcir.
Skete, quickly, 19..
♦Skwej, douda (?), shadowa (?),

2167. Sir F. Madden suggests

groves, shady oovertsi
*Skyfted=shifted, changed^ 19*

sSi,)'^^' ^296, 1509;

Skynnei, in phrase any skynm^^
anyS'kynne^^aiLj kind o^ 1539.

Skyrtej, horse -trappings, 601 ;:
skirts of a robe, 865.

♦Slade, valley, 2147.

Slades, vaUiea, 1159.

Slaked, ceased^ 244. See note,

p. 8L
Slentyng, ideating, glancing, 1 1 60.

See note, p. 82.
Slete, 729.
, *Sleje, ingeniousi 797, 893.
I Slejly, slyly, softly, 1182.

^^^^' I stratagem, 1854, 185S.

Sle^te^=sleig^ts, contrivances, 916.

Slode»8lided, slipt, 1182.

Sloke (t?&. imp,)y stop, cease (talk-
ing), 412. O.N* sloka. See
note, p. 81.

Slomeryng, slumbenng, 1182.

Slot, pit oi the stomach, . 1830, .
1598. According to some sht is
the hollow above the breast-boae.

<*0H9lante domie fro the t&f^hedjttes
at one»."

(Morte Arthure, p. 189.)

Slypped, fallen, 244.
Slyjt, skilful, 1542.
Smartly, quickly, 4071
Smeten, smote, 1763.
Smethely, smoothly, 1789.
♦Smolt, mild, 1763.
Smothely, perfectly, 407.
Snart, severely, fdiarply, 2003.

0.K snort.
Snawe, snow, 956.
Snayped, nipped, 2003. O.E.snaip^

to snub, nip, pierce. O.N.«ft4^«.
Snitered, drove, drifted, 2003.
Soioumed, lodged, .2048.
Solace, 570.
Sop, hasty meal, 1135.
Sore, grieved,. 1826, 1988.
*Sorje, imprecation, 1721 ; sorrow,

^415.
Sostnaunce, 1095.

Sotiie,' j ^''^^ ®^' ^^^*
Sothen, boiled, sodden, 892.
Sothly, truiy, 673, 976.
Sounde (in-soimde), well, unhurt,.
2489.

116

GLOSSABIAL INDEX.

Sounder, herd of wild swine, 1440.

Soundyly, soundly, 1991.

♦Sourquydrye, pride, 311.

♦Sowme, number, 1321;

Sojt, went, departed, 685^ 1438.

Spare-wise, moderately, . temper-
ately, 901.

Sparlyr, calf of the leg, 158. See
"Wyclif, Deuteron, xxviii., 35.

Spartiie, battle axe, 209.

Sped, hastened, went quickly, 1 444.

Spede, profit, .918.

Speded, hastened, 979^

Spedej, prosperest, 410.

Spedly, expediently, 1935.

♦Spelle, speech, narrative, 209,

1199, 2184.
Spelle^, talkest, 2140.
Spend, I fastened, 158, 587. O.K
Spenet, j spmna.
Spende (speche), to talk, 410.
Spenne, space, interval, 1074, 2316.
Spenn^, spinny, quickset hedge,

1709> 1896.
Spetos, sharp, cruel, 209:
Spone^, spoons, 886.
Sporej, spurs, 587.
Sprenged, sprang, 1415 ; dawned,

2009,
Sprent, leapt, 1896.
Sprit, started, 2316.
Sprong, sprang, 670.
♦Spured, ) =spered, inquired, 901,
Spuryed, ) 2093.
Spyt, injury, 1444.'
Stabled, established, 1069.
Stablye, station of huntsmen, 1153.
♦Stad, placed, disposed, 33, 644,

2137.
Staf-ful, quite full, 494.

Stalked, approached, moved, 237.
♦StalworthjStrong, powerful, brave,
846, 1659.

•|Stange, pole, staff, 1614. A.S.

stmge, S.Prov.E. stang.
Stapled, furnished with staples,

981.
♦Starande, glittering, 1818.
Start, started, moved, 431, 1716.
Statut, agreement, covenant, 1060.
Staue, staff, 2139.

Sde,)P^"'''^'^'^^^^'^^^^-

♦Stek, stuck, 152.

♦Stel, stole, 1191.

Stel-gere, steel-gear, armour, 260.

♦Stemed, \ stood still, stopt, 230,

Stemmed, ) 1117.

♦Steuen, voice, sound, 242, 2008,

2336 ; conference, 1060, 2194,

2213.
Stif, strong, brave, 104, 107, 322.
Stif, courageously, 671;
Stifly, 287, 605.
Stirop, 2060.

Stithly, I stiffly, strongly, 431,
Stythly, j 575. A. S.«^2^A, strong.
♦Stijtel, to dispose, 2137.

sS!^^*^'^^^^^^

Stoffed, 606.

♦Stoken {p.p. of steJce), secured,

fastened, fixed, 33, 494, 782,

2194;
Ston-stil, 242.
Stony ed, confounded, astonished,

1291.
Stor, I strong, great, 1291, 1923.
Store, j A.S. stdry great, vast.
Stori, 34.
Stounde^, time, 1567; bi-stounde^,

at times, 1517.
Stowned, confounded, astonished,

242, 301.
Starakande, blowing, 1364, 1923.

A hunting term.
Strayne, restrain, curb, 176,
Street, close, tight, 152.
Strok, stroke, 287.
Stroked (beard), 334.

GLOSSAMAL INDEX,

117

Strokes, brandishes, 416.
♦Strothe, rugged, wild, 1710. See

note, p. 83.
Strye, destroy, 2194.
Strythe, ) position of the legs
Stryththe, ) when finnly placed,

stride, 846, 2306.
Stubbe, stock of a tree, 2283.
Stiirej=stir8, brandishes, 331.
Sturne, stout, bold, 143 ; used sub-
stantively, 214.
Stumely; 331. .
Sturtes, stirrups, 171.'
Stylly, softly, 1117.
Styjtel, set, dispose, 2252^.*
Suande, following, 1467.
Sued, followed, 601, 1705.
Sues, follows, 510.
Sumned, summoned, 1052.
Sum-quat, somewhat, 86.
Sum-quyle, ) once, formerly, 625,
Sum-whyle, ) 720.
Sundred, severed, disjointed, 659,
Sure, 688.
Surfet, fault, 2433.
Surquidre, pride, 2457.
Swange, loins, 138*, 2034. O.Sw.

9wange.
Swap, exchange, 1108.
♦Sware, square, 138.
♦Sware, answer, 1108.
Swared, answered, 1793,2011.
Swarej, answers, 1756.
♦Swenged, rushed, 1439.
Swengen, proceed, move quickly,

1615.
Swenges, starts, rushes, 1756.
Swere, swear, 403; swore, 1825.
♦Swete, ** in swete''^ in Hfe, 25 1 8.

Sir F. Madden renders it mit
Swete, adj. used substantively,

1108, 1222.
8wete=sweet, fine, good, 180. Sir

F. Madden renders it sweated,
Swethled, folded, 2034. A.S.

swethel, a swaddling-band.
♦Sweuenes, dreams, 1756.

♦Sweyed, moved, pressed, 1429.

♦Swej, ) follows, 1562 ; stooped,

Sweje ) 1796.

Swyerej, squires, 824.

♦Swyngej, rushes, 1562. See
Swengk),

♦Swyre, neck, throat, 138,186,957.

♦Swythe, quickly, 8, 815, 1424,
2259; greatly, earnestly, 1860,
1866, 1897.

Swythely, quickly, much, 1479.

Swoghe (silence), dead (silence),
243. A.S. awiiffian, to be silent,
mute, astonished.

♦Syflej, blows, whistles, 517.

Sykande, sighing, 1796.

♦Syked, sighed, 672.

♦Syker, sure. See Siker.

Sykyng, sighing, 753.

Syluener=:sylueren, adj\ used sub-
stantively, silver, plate, 124.

Syluer-in, silver, 886.

Symple, 503.

Syngne, sign, token, 625.

*Syn,. since, IQ, 24, 919, 1892.

SySeJ i *i^?f' 1^> «^2, 761,
Sythe^ ) ; ^^^^•
Sythen, since, afterwards, next,
1, 6i 43, 115, 358, 1234, 1339.

g^l^ I saw, 83, 200, 1582.

Ta, take, 413, 2357.
Tablej, corbels (?), 789.
Tachched, ) attached, fixed, 219,
Tached, j 2512.
Tachej, fastens, 2176.
♦Takles, gear, 1129.
Tale, speech, discourse, 1236,
Talenttyf, desirous, 350.
Talkande, talking, 108.
Talkyng, speech, 917.
Tan Ipl), take, 977, 1920.
Tan, taken, 490, 1210.

118

GLOSSARIAL XSDEX,

Tapit, caipet, 568; table (?), 884.

Ta{^';.)t"P«'^'"'8«»^

Tars is stated by Bucange to mean
Tharsta, a country adjoining to
Cathay, but not to be confounded
with Tartary. In 77^ 858, it
is named as the place where
tapestries were manufactured,
and in 571 a rich silk must be
understood.

Taysed==teased (?), driven, harass-
ed, 1169.

♦Tayt, lively, sportive, 988, and
hence active, fierce, 1377, Sir
P. Madden suggests /^tr, plump.

*< Thebnstaus bokkisrakis furtbon raw,
Heyrdis of bertis throw tba tbykwod-

Bcliaw,
KyddiB skippand throw ronnys efter

rays,
In lysmiii andom 1^ ; litill laHunys
Full ta^t and tryg 9o^t bletand ^

thar dammys."

(G. Douglas, Tol. ii., p. 758.)

♦Teccheles, blameless, 917>

♦Techj disposition, quality, 2488.

Teches {pL oUech), 2436.

*Telde, manaion, habitation, 11,
1T75.

Telded, set up^ built, 795, 884.

Teldet, set up, 1648*

Teldes, habitetions, IX.

Temes, stories, themes, 1541.

♦Tone, $L sorrow, mischief, 22.

Tene, adj, tedious, perilous, diffi-
cult, 1008, 1707, 2075.

Tene, vh. to grieve, 2002.

Tened, grieved, 2501 f molested,
1169.

Tene^, troubles, matters, 547.

Tenelyng, trouble (?),. 1514.

*TcnlJ ah. eare, intent, attention,
624.

Tentedj took care of, 1018.

Thar, need, 2354. A.S. fhei^/an.

That, used for tohat^ 1406.
Thaj, though, 350, 438, 467.
♦Thede, country, land, 1499.
Theder, thither, 935.
Then, than, 24, 236, 655.

^^^;j where, 353, 428),a74.

Ther-fome, therefore, 1107.
Ther-tyUe, thereto, 1110,- 1369.

Thinkkej, ) seems, 1111, 1241,

Thynkke?, ) 1481, 1793, 2109.

♦Tho, those, 68, 466; the, 39,
1419.

Thof, though, 624.

♦Tholed, suflfered, 1859, 2419.

Thonk, thanks, 1380.

Thonke, thmik, 1984.

Thonkkej, thanks, 1031.

There, there, 667,

Thojt, seemed, 49, 803, 819, 870.

Thrast, thrust, 1443.

♦Thrat, threatened, 1713 j com-
pelled, urged, 1980.

Ulraw^ bound, twisted, 194.
A.S. thrdwan^ to wiad.

♦Thrawen, brawny, 579. In G.
Douglas thrmi>m has the senw
of fierce, bold, strong.

Thred, 1712.

♦Threpe, chiding, 1859, 2997.

Threpejj chides, reproves, and
hence struggles with, 504.^

Threted, threatened, 1725.

♦Thrich, push, rush, 1713.

♦Thro, earnest, eager, 645, 17X3,
1751, 1868, 1946; quickly,
1021 \ bold, confident, 2300.

♦Throly, earnestly, 939.

♦Thronge, thrust, crowded, 1021 •

Throw, time, while, 1680, 2219.
A.S. thrah^

Throwens=thrown=exposed, 1740.
Sir F. Madden takes it to be
another form of thrawen,^ plump.

Thrye, thrice, 763.

GLOSSARIAL INDBIC.

119

Thryes, thrice, 1936.
♦Thrynge^, crowdest, 2397.
♦Thiynne, three, 1868.
Thryuande, hearty, 1980.
Thryuandely, heartily, 1080, 1380.
♦Thryuen, well favoured, 1740.
^Thryjt, threw, 1443 ; given, 1946.
Thulged-tholged-tholed, endured,

1859. A.S. tholgiany to ^ndure,

suffer,
♦Thurled**thirled, pierced, 1856.
Thurj, \ through, above, 91, 243,
Thurje, ) 645.
Thujt, thought, 84S, a48.
Thwarle, tight, hard, 194. WkarU

knot is still used in the same

sense in Lancashire.
^Ehwong, thong, 194.
Thwonges, thongs, 679.
Thy, therefore (.^), 2247.
Thyjej, thighs, 579.

TtH- ' ) quickly,8teadily,promptly,
tri ) 31, 299, 1596. .See

Titleres, hounds, 1726.

To, too, 1827.

To«te, go, 1671.

To-fylched, seized, pulled down,
1172.

To-hewe, to cut in pieces, 1853.

♦Tole, weapon, axe, 413, 2260.

♦Tolke, man, 1775, 1811, 1966.
See Tulh.

To-mom, | to-morrow, 648, 756,

To-mome, ) 1097.

Tone»tane, betaken, committed,
2159.

Toppyng, mane(?), oi'top, head(?),
191.

Tor, tedious, difficult, 165, 719.
O.N. tor (a prefixal element de-
noting difficulty, trouble, etc.)

To-raced, run down, 1168.

Torche, 1119.

Tonet^turreted, 960.

Tomayeej, turns, wheels, 1707.

Tortors, turtles, 612.
ToruayleJabour, task, 1540. O.H".
torvelldr, O.Scotch, torfilj to
be fatigued, to pine away.
To-tachched, fastened, tied, 579.
Totes, peeps, looks, 1476. Swed.

titta»
Toumayed, 41.
*Towch, request, 1301.
Towches, sounds, 120.
Towchej, covenants, 1677.
Towen, <jome, drawn, 1093. A.S.
tedn {p.p, togen, gt-togm), to
pull, draw, to go.
Tojtjiwjf. behaved, mannered, 1869.
JN^orthumbrian tayt, O.E. tum^t
Trammes, stratagems, 3.
Trantes, employs artifices or tricks,
1707. See Townely Mysteries,
V. Trant,
Trased, twined, 1739.
Trauayl, fatigue, labour, 2241.
Trauayled, travelled, 1093.
Traunt, trick, 1700. See Tranter.
Trauthe, ) troth, faith, fidelity,
Traweth, > 403, 626, 1050,
Trawthe, ) 1545, 1638.
Trawe, to believe, 70, 90, 1396 ;

imp, trust, 2112.
Traylej, hunt by the track or scent,

1700.
Trayst, assured, 1211.
Trayteres=trayueres=trauerce (?),

1700.
Treleted, adorned, 960.
Tressoun, head-dress, 1739.
Trestes, j trestles, supports of a
Trestej, ) table, 884, 1648,
Tricherie, treachery, 4.
Tried, 4.

?SS: ! io«. «^^-

♦Trochet, a term of ftrchitectare,

795.
♦Trowe, to believe, 813, 2238-
True, adj, used sub8tantively=

truth (?), 1210.

120

OLOSSARIAL INDEX.

Trulofej, true-love knots, 612.

g^P^«'j trumpets, 116, 1016.

♦Tmssen, pack up, 1129.
Trwe, true, 1091, 1514, 1845.

Km, 1 t^«-l«^«> 1527,1540.
Tryed, fine, costly, good, 77, 219.
Tryst, trast, 380.
Tryster, ) The -stations alloted
Trysteres," ) to different persons

in hunting,/! 146, 1170, 1712.
Trystyly, faithfully, 2348.
Tule=tuly(?), 568.
♦Tulk, man, knight, 3, 638, 2133.
♦Tulkes, men, 41.
Tuly seems to he equivalent, 858,

to Toulouse, 77, which place

seems then to have heen famed

for its tapestries.
Tuschej, tuBks,.l563, 1579.
Tweyne, two, twain, 9^2, 1339.
Twyes, twice, 1522.
*Twynne, to sever, part,. 2512.
Twynne, two, 425.
Twynnen, twined, 191.
Tyffen, to array, -put in * order,

1129. O.K t^ppa.
Tylle, to, 673, 1979.
*Tymen, flayed, 1921.
*Tyt, promptly, speedily, 1596.
Tytelet, commencement, chief,

1515.
Tyxt, text, 1515, 1541.
♦Ty^t, fastened, tied, 568, 858.
Tyjt, undertake or endeavour (?),

2483.

vihe,' jeach, 101,131,628,995,

Ycha=!N'orthumhrian tlka, each,

742, 997, 1262.
Ychon, .) each one, 98, 657,
Ychone, ) 1113.
*Vgly,horrible,441; horribly, 2079.
♦Vmbe, around, about, 589, 1830,

2034.

Ymbe-dypped, encircled, embraced,

616.
^ Ymbe-foldes, eneircles, falls about,

181.
Ymbe-kesten, surrounded, 1434.
Ymbe-lappej, enfolds, 628.
Ymbe-teje, inclosed, 770; te^e is

from the A^^, teogao, to draw,

teah, drew.
Ymbe-tome (=about, around (?),

Sir E. M. )= about-turned (?)=

twisted {?).
Ymbe-weued, enclosed,^ 581.
Ynbarred, 2070.
Yn-bene, rugged, impassable, 710.

See Bene.
Ynblythe, mournful, sorrowful,

sad, 746.
Yncely, mischievous, 1562.
Yncouth, strange, marvellous, 93,

1808.
Yndo, to cut up game ; a hunting

term, 1327.
♦YnetbB, scarcely, 134.
♦Ynhap, misfortune, 438, 2511.
Ynhardeled, dispersed, 1697. Pr.
* hardelley troupe.
Ynlace, to cut up, 1606.
Ynleute, disloyalty, 2499.
Yn-louked, uiiocked, 1201.
Yn-mete, immense,- 208.
Yn-rydely, ruggedly, 1432. O.E.

w»ry<fo, 6harp,-rough. A.S. un-

gerydUf rugged ; ungerydelkcef

sharply ; geryd, smooth, even.
Yn-slayn, not slain, 1858.
Yn-slyje, careless.
Yn-soundyly, fiercely, 1438.
Yn-sparely, unsparingly, 979.
Yn-spurd, unasked, 918. See

Spured,
Yn-thryuande, uncourteous, 1499.
Yn-trawthe, unfaithftdness, 2383,

2509.
Yn-ty^tel, if not an error for vntyl

ny^te, may mean unrestrainedly

(from ty}t, to fasten). Sir F.

GLOSSARIAL INDEX.

,121

Madden renders it merrily. See

Yp-brayde, drawn up, 781.

Vpon, at, 9, 301, 1934.

Yrysoun, the same as the eointesse
or " kerchef of plesaunce," 608.
Fr. haurson.

Ytter, out, outward, 1565.

Yayles, veils, 958.

Yayres, purity, 1015. Lefb unex-
plained by Sir P. Madden.

Yer, man, knight, 866. O.N. ver,

Yerayly, 866.

Yerdure, green, 161.

Yertuus=vertuous, precious, 2027.

Yewters, men who tracked deer
by the fewie or odour, 1146.

Yisage, 866.

Yoyde, to quit, 346.

Yoyded, got rid of, 1518 ; void,
free, 634.

Yoydej, casts, 1342.

Yyage, expedition, journey, 535.

Wage, surety (?), 533.

Wages, 396.

Waked, kept awake, sat up at

night, 1094.
♦Wakkest, weakest, 354.
♦Wakned, awakened, 119; shone,

1650.
♦Wale, to seek, 398.; 'choose or

possess, 1238.
♦Wale, lovely, worthy, 1010;

choice, good, 1712, 1759.
Waled, chosen, 1276.
Walk e J, spreads, 152L
Walle=wale, excellent, 1403.
♦Wallande, boiling, ferment, 1762.
♦Walt, threw, cast, 1336. O.N.

vellta,
♦Walt, exercised, possessed, 231 ;

enjoyed, 485.
♦Waltered, poured, was shed, 684.
♦Wan, came, 2231.

Wande, bough, branch, 1161.
♦Wane, wanting, deficient, 498.
♦Wap, blow, 2249.
♦Wapped, flew with violence, as

an arrow ; rushed as the wind,

2004. O.K vappa.
War ! exclamation of the hunters,

1158.

**In the Maiater of the Oame^ in tlie
instructions for huntine the hare, the
horsemen are directed *for to kepe that
none hownde folowe to sheepe, ne to
other beestis, and if thei do, to ascrio
hem sore, and bilaisshc hem wel, say-
ing lowde, Ware ! Ware ! ha^ ha !
^«r(?/'"— MS. Cott, Vesp. B. xii.,
fol. 97*.

War, aware, 764, 1586. .
Ware, to use, employ, 402, 1235.
Waret, acted, dealt, 2344.
Warly, warily, 1186, 1900.
Warloker, more warily, 677.
♦Warp, cast, 2253 ; cast, uttered,

224, 1423, 2025.
♦Warthe, water-ford, 715.
Waryst, protected, 1094.
Wast, waist, 144.
Waste, wilderness, 2098.
♦Wathe=wothe, injury, daijger,

2355.
Watj, was, poisim, had, 1413.
Waunden, wound, bound, 215.
♦Wayke, weak, 282.
♦Wayned, brought, 264, 984, 1032,

2456 ; sent, 2459.
♦Waynej (=wayuej ?), raises, 1743.
♦Wayte, to see, 306.
Wayted, looked, 2163.
Waytej, watches, looks, 1 186, 2289.
Wayth, game, venison, 1381.
Wayned, stroked, moved, 306.
We! ah! 2185.
♦Wede, armour, clothing, part of

the dress, 831, 1310, 2358.
Wedes, ) armour, garments, 151,
Wedej, j 271, 861; foliage of

the groves, 508.
Wela-wylle, exceeding lonesome,

122

'GL088AR1AL IKDSX.

deseity 2084. Cf. O.E. unl-same,
lonely, desert ; toyl, astray, for-
lorn.

♦Wela-irynne, yery joyous, 518.

Ifelde, possess, enjoy, 836, 837,
1064.

Ifelde^, possesses, 1528, 1542,2454.

We-loo, alas! 2208.

♦Wele, wealth, riches, 7, 60, 1270,
1394; joy, 485, 1371, 1767,
2490; good fortune, 997, 2134.

Wellqm, sky, air, 525, 1696.

wft, ! ^^^' '' ««7-

♦Wend, I to go, 559, 1028, 1053 ;
Wende, ) went, 90, 1161.; gone,

1712.
Wende, thought, 669.
Wendej, turns, 2152.
♦Wene, ween, think, 270, 1226.
Wener, fairer, 945. O.N. tan.

O.Dan, wosn, heautifdl.
Wenged, avenged, 1518.
Went=wend=thought, 1711.
Weppen, weapon, 384.
Werbelande, warbling, whistling,

2004.
Weri)les, notes, 119.
Were, wore, 1928.
Were, war, 271 ; hostility, 1628.
♦Woto, to defend, ward off, 2015,

2041.
Wemed, refused, denied, 1494.
Wernes, denies, 1824.
Wemynge, refusal, denial, 2253.
Werre, war, 16.
Werrej, make war, 720.
Wesaund, wind-pipe, 1336.
Wesohe, washed, 887.
Weterly, savagely, fiercely, 1706.
Weue, to give, 1975.
Weued, gave, 2359.
Wex, waxed, 319.
♦Wejed, carried, 1403.
Whirred, made a whirring noise,

2203
What, how! lo! 1163, 2203.

What-so, whatsoever, 382, 1550.

Wheder-warde,whitherwaid,1053.

Whene, queen, 74, 2492.

Whethen, whence, 871.

Whether, either of two, 208.

Whyrlande, rushing, 2222.

Whyssynes, cushions, 877.

Wich, what, 918.

Wit, )know, leam, 131, 255,

Wyt, ) 1508.

Wit, with, 113.

With, Iby, 664, 1158, 1229,

Wyth, ) 2416. '

♦Wijt, adf, great, strong, 1762 ; sh.

eirong, fierce (one), 1440.
♦Wlonk, fair, beeuliftd, 515, 581,

1977, 1988, 2432.
Wlonkest, fairest, 2025.
Wod, went, 787.
♦Wode, mad with anger, 2289.
Wod'Crafte^, skill in the arts of

the chace, 1605.
WodwoB, wild men, mansters, 721.

A.S. wudU'Wasan, wood satyrs,

robbers.
Woke (.pret of wake), watched,

sat up at night, 1025.
Woled=«wolde=would, 1508.
Woldej, desirest, 2127 ; wouldst,

2128.
Wombe, belly, 144.
Won, ) power or will, or rather
Wone, ) possession, 1238 ; riches,

wealth, 1269. S.Sax. wunnen,
♦Won, ) dwelling, mansion, cham-
Wone, ) ber, 257, 736, 906, 2490.

;^^^;j to dwell, 257, 814.

Wonde, dwelt. See JToned.
♦Wonde, to avoid, shrink bac&,

563.
Wonde, delay, 488.
Wonder, marvel (?), 1 6. Does it not

rather signify sorrow? S.Sax.

wundre, hurt, mischief.
Wonder, wondrous, 2200.
Wonderly, wondrously, 787, 1025.

GLOSS A RIAL INDEX*

123

Wamt riches, wealth, 1269.
♦Wtmml, d^elt, 50, 701, 72L
•Waaejj dwellmgfl, maHBioiis, 685,

1051, 1386, 2400,
*Wcme?, dwells, 399, 2098.
•Voontn, conducted, brought,
831 ; arrived, come, 461, 1365 ;
brought, 209L
Wo«it=wcned= dwelt, abode, 17,
Sir F. Madden readers it use,
custom.
Want, lack, want, 131.
WoB^ ±ail, 987.
WcffltB^ faile, 1062.
Woayd, dwelt, 21 U,
Wcmjai, dweUs, See TFone],
"ffoTde, fame, reputation, 152L
Woridfi, Nature, 530.
♦Wonat), dragone, serpents, 720,
♦Wom% worse, 1588, 1591.
Wort, herb, 528.
♦Worth, to bo, happen, 238, 1202,
1214, 1302 ; suhj. be, 21 27, 2374.
Wortlied, waa, became, 485 ; would

be, 2096 ; become, 678.
Worthe^, is, becomes, wiU or shall

be, 2035, 1106, 13B7,
Wortlie, worthy, 559.
Worthilychi worthy, bonoui-able,

048.
Worthy, worthily, 1477.
Worthy, d, 1276, 1508.
W<5ftbyly, Lonourably, properly,

72, 144,
♦Wot, know, 24.
♦Wc^tbe, harm, miacliief, injury,

322, 488, 1576.
Wfiwdio saf, Touchaafe, 1391,
♦Wowes, walls, 1180.
Woxes^waxe?", grows, 518.
*Wojt^, wrong, harm, 1550.
•Woje, wall, 858.
Wo)0B, walla, 1650.
•Wrakc, dcgtrnctioB, mischief, 16.
Wniat, loud, stern, 1433.
Wrast, advantugo (?), 1663, A.S.
u^mt^ good.

Wrast, disposed, 1482.
WruBtelej=wre3tlej, wreatles, 525,
Wrathed, troubled, annoyed, 726.
Wrathed, entangled, ensnared,

2420.
Wrejandc, reyiling, 1706, A,B.

v^r^ffaVj to accuse, to drive.
*Wro, obscure comer, 2222,
Wroth, ) vioient, sharp, boister-
Wrothe, j 0U8, 70, 319, 525,

1706.
Wroth {pret. of writhe) f moTed

round, 1200.
Wrothcly, angrily, 2289.
Wrotheloker, more angrily, 2344.

^^^^l* \ occasioned, 3, 32.
Wrojten, j ^ '

Wrujled, clad, folded, 2191.
*Wyghc, j man, knight, 131, 340,
Wyj, 384, 581, 1487; ap-

Wyie, ) plied to God, 244,
Wykisj comeraof the mouth, 1572.
Wyldp, used auhstantively lor
beasts of the ehaco in general,
1 150, 2003 ; and in the singular
number, U67, 1586, 1900, the
words deer, boar, fox, being re-
spectively underijtood.
Wyhlrenosae, 701.
Wyle, ) wily, 1728 ; used aub-
Wylyj i sUntively, 1905.
*Wylsum, wild, desert, and bence
unpleasant, 689. O.E. ip^I^ for*
lorn.

* Wylt— wiUed, wandered, escaped,

1711.
Wylyde, wild, amorous, 2367.
Wylnyng, will, 1546.
Wynde^, retuma, 530.
*\Vyiine, joy, bliss, 15, 1765, 2420,
♦Wynne, goodly, 1032, 2430, 2456.

* Wynne, to come, arrive at, 402,

1537, 2215.
Wynne4ych, cheerful, 980.
Wynne J, proceeds, goes, 1 5 69, 2044.
Wynt-hole, wind-hole, 1335.
Wypped, wiped, 2022.

M

124

GLOSSABIAL 1>DEX»

Wypped, strack, 2249.
♦Wynle, fate, 1752, 2134, 2418.
Wynles^ destinies, 1968.
*Wyase, teach, direct, 549, 739,

Wysty, desertj waate (?), 2189.
Wyt. See Jm.
Wyte^, looks on, 2050.

^y;jj men, 1403. 1167.

Wyjt, person, wight, 1792,

*Wyjt, loud, 119.

Wyjtest, braTeet, 261,

"W^y 5 test, strongest( ? ) , most rapid(?) ,

1591. We m^ ^ bt read w^jMbbI^

widest. - ■'
Wyjtlyj quicklyj 668.

Ynae, iron, 3267.
Ymeg, harness, armour, 729.
Tase-ikkleSj icicles, 732*
*Yje, eye, 198,
YjC'Iyddej, eye -lids, 446,
Yjen, eyes, 82, 304^ 684.

Jarande, | loud^ enarli^ig, 1 595,
Jarrande, ) 1724, S.Sax. ptrm^

to chatter.
*}are=yare, quickly, soon, 2410.
♦Wked, made ready, 820.
♦jarkke^, makes ready, disposes,

2410.
Jaule, howl, 1458.
Jayned, hallooed, 1724. S.Sax.

^eien^ to cry, O.IT. geya^ to

RESERVte

iyH 2^ 1952

BOOK ROOM

^e, yea, 813, 1091, 1497 1 iHU,

ever, 1729,
^ede, 1 went, 817, 1122, 1400,
Jeden, J 1684.
*Jederly, promptly, ecjon^ 455^

1215, 1485, 2325.
*Jelde, requite, 1038, 1263; yifrldj

1215.
*jelde, \ yielded, gave, 67, 16M,
Jeiden, J 198L
Jeldej, returns, 498,
Jclle, yell, 1453.
^elpyng, pomp, osteiitation^ 4&2,
*Jep, ) active, olort, ^0, 106, 2»4,
)epe, J 1510; fair, 951.
Jeply, promptty, 1981, 2244>
Jer, year, 60, &talih.
*Jern, ^quickly, 498 ; eont^sUf ,
Jerne, ) eagerly, 1478, 16^
*Jemes, | runs, passes ^"^^J
Jimej, I quickly, 498^ 6i9.

A.S. ge-urn6n.
^et, yet, 1122,
*Jctte, grant, 776.
*Jeje, oak, 1215.
feed, asked, 67.
^ii; if, 1494, 1496,
^irnoj. See \emei,
^od, went, 1146,
|ol, Christmas, 284, 500.
golden, yielded, 453, 8S0. Bee^^M.
|olje, yellow, tawny, 961.
*Jomerly, lamentably, piteouflly,

1453.
^onge, younger one, 95 L
fonge-gr, youth, 492.
^onke^onge, young person, 1526.
♦Jore, yorey long time, .2114.

-RESERVnD
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