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PADDOCK & SEAMAN,
Yftft WARE
IE OIST,
STEEL, &c., &c,
BUREAU CO,,
STEPHEN G. PADDOCK.
N,
ILLINOIS.
WRIGHT SEAMAN.
I
P. N. NEWELL & CO.
MERCHANTS,
No. 1 Market Square, Princeton Depot,
PRINCETON, ILLINOIS,
DEALERS IJV
READY-MADE CLOTHING,
BOOTS & SHOES, HATS & GAPS,
Hardware, Crockery and Glassware,
Paints, Oils, Window Glass, Doors, Window Sash,
Fanning Mills, Plows, Wagons, Farming *
Tools, Wheeling Nails, Grain
Bags, &c. &c. &c. 4
ffe lave in Store, at Wholesale and Eeiail,
Satoeratus, Salt, fime, pfls, rintr St0ncs t
1ST 3D
Also, a good assortment of LIGHT GROCERIES for sale at
the lowest market price for cash or produce.
OGF"" Produce received in store and shipped on commis-
sion, if desired.
P. N. NEWELL.
E. M. FISHEH.
i ^
U
i
E, B, FOSTER,
MAIN STREET,
PRINCETON, ILLINOIS,
HAS CONSTANTLY ON HAND A LARGE ASSORTMENT OP
MISCELLANEOUS, JUVENILE
-A. 3ST 3D
Stationery of all Kinds,
PRINTING & VISITING CARDS,
PENS, PENCILS, ENVELOPES, &c.
Memorandum, Pass and Pocket Books,
,|a0Is Cap, cSttenppjj, lisswc anft ^tttcr piper,
ALBUMS, ANNUALS, KEEPSAKES, &c., &-.
N. B. I am constantly ordering from Chicago, and
any Book not on hand will be promptly obtained to
accommodate customers.
I B R.AFLY
OF THE
UNIVERSITY
OF ILLINOIS
917.7337
ILL. HIST. SURVEY
SKETCHES
(Karlg $ettlitmettt m& f raimt
PRINCETON,
INCLUDING
VALUABLE STATISTICS, ETC.
ALSO,
A BRIEF SKETCH OF BUREAU COUNTY,
PRINCETON, ILL.
PUBLISHED BY ISAAC B. SMITH,
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1857, by
ISAAC B. SMITH,
In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States, for the
Northern District of Illinois.
C. SCOTT, PRINTER AND BINDER,
CHICAGO, ILL.
TO THE READER.
IN presenting these Sketches to the public, we expect them
to be considered as a work of facts and not of imagination : had
they been of the latter, a very different one probably would have
been issued ; but we doubt whether it would have been more
interesting or have contained more thrilling and pleasing items.
It may appear, however, at first, to many of the old settlers that
in some of the statements we have erred ; but we think that if
they will take the trouble to compare notes and search out the
facts, they will find that we are generally, if not in every instance,
correct.
In the Sketch of the County we have been very brief. At some
future time we may, perhaps, give a more complete history of it,
for we feel assured that it is worthy of being placed before the
eyes of the public in the form of history, bringing to view its
superiority of advantages as compared with other counties in the
State.
In compiling the facts, we have endeavored to do it in as inter-
esting a form as brevity would allow ; for in a work of this kind
we could not be expected to give a full history of either County
or Town, but merely to give a glance at the former and a more
precise view of the latter. And here it may be well to say that,
for the satisfaction of all, we have been at an expense of over
one hundred dollars to obtain engravings ; so that whatever may
be wanting to satisfy the mind of the reader, he will find made
up in the fine illustrations. Bu,t should both 'sketches and
engravings prove satisfactory and useful, it will afford much
pleasure to
THE AUTHOR.
PRINCETON, ILL., MARCH, 1867.
=S3
fast and
THE first settlement in what is now called the Township
of Princeton was made in the spring of 1829, by Mr.
Elijah Epperson, from Ohio.
Several families were at this time residing in the vicin-
ity, being scattered along the Ihie of timber bordering on
the Bureau creek ; but few persons, however, were then
residents of the county.
Few individuals have even a faint conception of the
picturesque appearance of the country, or the hardships
endured by the early settlers of our town. The country
then being in a state of nature, presented beauty in its
wide spread plains, stretching as far as the eye could reach,
covered with flowers of nearly every shade and color, and
tall grass. Indeed they were beautiful when in their full
bloom, and would excite admiration in every lover of wild
scenery.
Here, too, was the hunting ground of roving tribes of
Indians. What a beautiful garden they were forced to
leave ! Game they could here find in abundance, and their
corn was easily raised. But the White Man came. And
we can not think it strange that they fought to retain so
goodly a heritage. But the white man, with his civiliza-
tion, intelligence and courage, could not flee, at the sight
of Indian warriors, from these fertile prairies, that seemed
-=4
PRINCETON.
to smile when he looked upon them with a view of convert-
ing them into farms, and building villages, and erecting
comfortable dwellings, churches, school houses, &c.
For several years the first inhabitants had scarcely any
other than Indian neighbors ; and many a friendly visit
was exchanged between the " Cha-mo-co-man " and " Red
Man's squaws,"- many a pleasant hour they passed
together within the cabin and the wigwam. Until hostili-
ties broke out,
" Hand in hand they went together
Through the woodland and the meadow."
Though more than a quarter of a century has passed
away, the deep-trodden trails of the Indian pony are still
visible, and occasionally a grave is discovered, containing
the bories, beads and various trinkets of one or more of
this unfortunate race, which is fast becoming extinct.
As to hardships endured, we can only mention a few,
scattered through our simple narrative, and leave our read-
ers to judge for themselves, or learn further particulars from
those who still reside among us and can testify to the truth-
fulness of what we state, and much more that might be
said. The nearest mercantile trading point, where the
common necessaries of life were obtained, was at Hennepin,
some twelve miles distant. The nearest blacksmith's shop
was at LaSalle, a distance of about twenty miles ; and the
nearest flouring mill was at Peoria, about fifty-five miles
distant. The roads at that time were scarcely any thing
more than Indian trails, and at times were almost impass-
able, thus rendering the journeys long and tedious.
During the years 1829, 1831, 1832 and 1833, the
attention of others was attracted to the natural and prospec-
tive advantages of this point. Many came hither to survey
the country and make claims, and some few with a view of
becoming permanent settlers. We will here give as cor-
EARLY SETTLEMENT.
rect a list as could be obtained of those who settled here
during the first five years.
Elijah Epperson and family, John and Curtiss Williams
and their families, Hampshire Colony, Roland Mosely
and family, Daniel Smith and family, John Musgrove and
family, John M. Gay and family, Robt. Clark and family,
Joel Doolittle and family, Cyrus and John H. Bryant,
Lucius Cutler, Alonzo Cook, Nathaniel Chamberlain, Jr.,
apd family, Mrs. Flint and her two daughters, William 0.
Chamberlain, Ebenezer Chamberlain and Lucy Chamber-
lain, (now Mrs. Andrew Smith,) John L. Ament, Rev.
Lucien Farnham, Arthur Bryant, Lazarus Reeves, James
Hays and family, Abraham Jones and Silas D. Cartwright.
In the summer of 1831, a part of the colony composing
the Hampshire Colony Congregational Church arrived and
settled on Bureau creek, some two miles north of the origi-
nal corporation of PRINCETON. The persons who arrived
with the colony at that time and became settlers, were
Nathaniel Chamberlain, M. D.-, and his son Oscar, Eli
Smith and wife, Elijah Smith and wife, Christopher G.
Corss, and E. Hinsdale Phelps.*
The former made a claim and built a cabin some one
and a quarter miles south of the present corporation, where
the residence of Mr. B. Gill now stands. Messrs. Eli and
Elijah Smith erected a large cabin near the present resi-
dence of Mr. Anthony Epperson, which was afterward used
by .Elijah Smith as a hotel or stage house. These two
dwellings were also used on each Sabbath, alternate, for
holding church services, though five miles distant from each
other, until houses were built where the town now is, which
* Several of these persons were not members of the church at
that time, but of the colony. Others belonging to the colony did
not settle with it.
8 PRINCETON.
rendered it much more convenient for all to meet half way
between. The settlement was named Greenfield, and Eli-
jah Smith was appointed '(first) post master.
The first survey for a town was commenced by Mr. John
Blake in December, 1831, and in 1832 partially completed
by Dr. Hayes of Hennepin, assisted by Mr. John Musgrove,
Mr. Roland Mosely, and his two sons RoJand and Fred-
erick, and Dr. Wm. 0. Chamberlain. (The following per-
sons were appointed trustees of school lands in the county :
John P. Blake, John Musgrove and Roland Moseley.)
After much discussion it was agreed to name the place
PRINCETON. It is located on (School) Section 16 N., R.
9 E. of the fourth principal meridian. The owners of lots
at that time were, mainly, Messrs. Dj. Nathaniel Cham-
berlain, Cyrus and John H; Bryant, Rev. L. Farnham,
John M. Gay and Mrs. Flint.
The first building erected within the limits of the origi-
nal corporation, was a log cabin built by Mr. Silas D.
Cartwright, in the fall of 1833, and occupied by him as a
blacksmith's shop. It stood on the now vacant lot north
of the Congregational church. The second, and first
framed, building was erected by John M. Gay, the dimen-
sions being twelve feet square, and occupied the ground
upon which the residence and store of R. T. Templeton,
Esq. , now stands. The third was a log cabin built by Mr.
Frederick Haskill, and used by him as a store the first
in the place and was located on the ground now occupied
by the residence of Mr. Elijah Dee. This store was opened
for the sale of goods June 7th, 1834, and the first article
sold was a horse collar, to Mr. Cornelius Corss. The first
hotel was built by Mr. Stephen Triplet, which still stands
on Main street, immediately south of Dr. Chamberlain's
office ; though it has not been used for this purpose for
several years. The first church was a two-story framed
INDIAN WAR. 9
building, erected in 1835 by the Hampshire Colony Con-
gregational Church, on the public square, immediately
south of where the court house now is ; it is now the prop-
erty of Mr. Justus Stevens, and stands on the south-east
corner of the public square.
Thus the reader perceives that with small beginnings
the settlement was commenced, and one improvement after
another made as fast as means and circumstances would
permit.
Allowing us" now to digress somewhat from the precise
history of the town, we will give a brief sketch of the In-
dian war, as our story will not be complete without noticing
some incidents of the war in connection with the settlers
at that time.
During the years 1831-2, the country was being alarmed
by the war-cry. There had been difficulties on the frontier
for some length of time, and many a peaceful home was
disturbed by the hostile appearance of the Indians. Few
retired upon their couches for a night's repose, without
having some weapon of defense within reach. Small com-
panies of Indians were frequently seen, dressed in red, (a
sign of war,) moving about among the white settlers, sup-
posed to be acting as spies. On one occasion, two or three
of these warlike spies called at the house of one of the
settlers. The inmates, nearly all of whom still reside
here, seeing them approach the house, and thinking their
"time had surely come," went out to meet them, and
soon engaged in conversation ! The Indians denied any
knowledge of war, but their general appearance belied
them, " actions often speak louder than words." They
soon left, however, without committing any depredations,
either upon the* inhabitants or their property.
length actual hostilities broke out between the whites
PRINCETON.
and the Sacs, Foxes and Winnebagoes, headed by the
famous war chief, Black Hawk. Gov. Reynolds, then gov-
ernor of Illinois, gave notice to the frontier settlers, that
they must look out for themselves, as all the volunteers
were needed in the army. On the reception of this news,
they gathered up such articles as could be conveniently
carried, and sought protection in the Fort at Hennepin;
some few going to Springfield. Their stock was left to
run wild on the prairies, and at the disposal of the merci-
less savage ; though as soon as deemed safe, a number of
the settlers returned and drove their cattle across the Illinois
river. And here we will relate an incident connected
with the only murder that was committed by the Indians
in this county, during the war.
Some six or seven persons, among whom were Messrs.
Phillips, Hodge, Sylvester Brigham, John L. Ament,
Aaron Gunn, J. G. Forestall, and a youth by the name
of Dimick, left Hennepin and came over to the settlement
after their cattle, which were kept at the cabins of Messrs.
Ament and Phillips, then situated near the present resi-
dence of Mr. J. G. Forestall, (north of the village of
Dover.) Indians were then lurking about in ambush, ready
to pick off the settlers as they might have opportunity, and,
of course, our friends were obliged to be on the watch, for
that they were running the risk of their lives, the sequel
of our story will show.
Arriving at the cabin of Mr. Ament, he (Ament) sta-
tioned his companions at the door and windows as sentinels,
while he prepared their dinner, which, as soon as ready,
was partaken of by part at a time, the others keeping a
sharp look-out for the enemy. After dinner a consultation
was held as to the expediency of remaining in their present
situation until morning, or returning immediately; the rain
then pouring down in torrents, and Indians, in all proba-
INDIAN WAR. 11
bility around them. Failing to agree in the matter, Phil-
lips, who was somewhat of an eccentric character, picked
up a board, saying : " Well, boys, this board must decide
our course," at the same time placing it in an upright
position ; " if it falls toward the north, we are safe, and
will remain; if to the south, we must be off." The board
fell toward the south, and thus, by common consent, shaped
their plans ; and as soon as their cattle could be collected,
they started for Hennepin. Their cattle, however, proved
unmanageable, (being afraid to go near the timber for
fear of Indians,) and after chasing them for miles, they
were obliged to give up the attempt, and leaving them
near Mr. Musgrove's cabin, they returned to Hennepin as
they came.
Some two weeks later, the same individuals arrived at
Mr. Ament's cabin, for the purpose of making a second
attempt to secure their stock. Mr. Phillips retired to his
own cabin and commenced writing a letter, but while thus
engaged, thought he heard the alarm of Indians, and going
to the door, met Mr. Ament on his way to his cabin which
he had left a few moments before. The two returned
together, and all concluded to spend the night there, having
seen no sign of Indians. During the night a terrific
thundet storm arose, the rain pouring down in torrents.
One of the number remarked that they " guessed there
was no danger of Indians that night;" but they little
dreamed that the cabin was surrounded by some thirty or
forty savages, who were peeping through the cracks be-
tween the logs, and endeavoring, by every continued flash
of lightning, to count the numbers within ! Little did
they, at that moment, think that in the morning one of
their number would fall a victim of the foe, and all barely
escape ! But such was the case ! Morning came, a
morning ever to b remembered by those six survivors.
=
12 PRINCETON.
Messrs. Brigham and Phillips went out upon the porch in
front of the building, and not noticing the deep trail around
the cabin, or the marks of the Indian moccasins on the floor
of the piazza, continued standing there for several minutes
engaged in conversation. At length Mr. Phillips stepped
off the porch, saying, "I will go over to my cabin and
finish writing my letter," to which was replied by Mr.
Brigham, *' Wait a moment and I will go with you," and
turning round he entered the cabin, but had scarcely
closed the door ere the crack of a rifle was heard, fol-
lowed by the shrill war-whoop, and poor Phillips lay a
corpse, pierced by two balls ! The Indians then rushed
toward the cabin and buried their tomahawks in the body
of their unfortunate victim. Some of the survivors had
the presence of mind to grasp two or three guns with bay-
onets and point them through the door at the Indians,
which act, without doubt, saved their lives. The savages
knowing that bayonets were used by soldiers, it is supposed
that on seeing these guns they concluded there were sol-
diers within, and consequently made a hasty retreat,
leaving some of their blankets behind them, which were
afterward found in a thicket near by.
It was then thought best to dispatch one of their number
to Hennepin for troops. Young Dimick, then a youth of
sixteen or seventeen years, being anxious to go, a horse
was called to the door upon which he mounted, and in a
few hours reached the fort in safety a,nd gave the alarm.
A small company of rangers or soldiers immediately pro-
ceeded to the cabin, and found the remaining five individ-
uals safely harbored within its walls, and the body of
Phillips still lying where he fell. No Indians were to be
found; they had taken " French leave."
Mr. Brigham has since often remarked, that it seemed
to him a most striking providential circumstance, that he
INDIAN WAR. 13
entered the cabin as he did, instead of going immediately
with Mr. Phillips, he having no errand whatever within !
Had he not entered the cabin then, he would in all proba-
bility have shared the same fate of his companion.
That our readers may have a more correct idea of the
cause of the Indian troubles, we here give a brief account
of Black Hawk and the war, the greater portion of which
we copy from Ford's History of Illinois.
It appears that a treaty had been made by Gren. Harri-
son at St. Louis, in November, 1804, with the chiefs of the
Sacs and Fox nations of Indians, by which those Indians
had ceded to the United States all their land on Rock
river, and much more elsewhere. This treaty was con-
firmed by a part of the tribe in a treaty with Gov.
Edwards and Auguste Chouteau, in September, 1815,
and by another part in a treaty with the same commis-
sioners in May, 1816. The United States had caused
some of the lands, situated at the mouth of Rock river, to
be surveyed and sold. These lands included the great
town of the nation, near the mouth of the river. The pur-
chasers from the government moved on to their lands, built
houses, made fences and fields, and thus took possession
of the ancient metropolis of the Indian nation. This
metropolis consisted of about two or three hundred lodges,
made of small poles set upright in the ground, upon which
other poles were tied transversely, with bark at the top,
so as to hold a covering of bark peeled from the neigh-
boring trees, and secured with other strips of bark, with
which they were sewed to the transverse poles. The sides
of the lodges were secured in the same manner. The
principal part of these Indians had long since moved from
their town to the west of the Mississippi.
But there was one old chief of the Sacs, called Mucata
Muhicatah, or Black Hawk, who always denied the valid-
14 PRINCETON.
ity of these treaties. Black Hawk was now an old man.
He had been a warrior from his youth. He had led
many a war party on the trail of the enemy, and had
never been defeated. He had been in the service of
England in the war of 1812, and had been aid-de-camp
to the great Tecumseh. He was distinguished for courage,
and for clemency to the vanquished. He was an Indian
patriot, a kind husband and father, and was noted for
his integrity in all his dealings with his tribe and with the
Indian traders. He was firmly attached to the British,
and cordially hated the Americans. At the close of the
war of 1812 he had never joined in making peace with
the United States, but he and his band still kept up their
connection with Canada, and were ever ready for a war
with our people. He was in his personal deportment
grave and melancholy, with a disposition to cherish and
brood over the wrongs he supposed he had received from
the Americans. He was thirsting for revenge upon his
enemies, and at the same time his piety constrained him to
devote a day in the year to visit the grave of a favorite
daughter, buried on the Mississippi river, not far from
Oquawka. Here he came on his yearly visit, and spent a
day by the grave, lamenting and bewailing the death of
one who had been the pride of his family and of his Indian
home. With these feelings was mingled the certain and
melancholy prospect of the extinction of his tribe and the
transfer of his country, with its many silvery rivers, roll-
ing and green prairies and dark forests, the haunts of
his youth, to the possession of a hated enemy ; whilst he
and his people were to be driven, as he supposed, into a
strange country, far from the graves of his fathers and
his children.
Black Hawk's own account of the treaty of 1804 is as
follows : He says some Indians of the tribe were arrested
INDIAN WAR.
15
and imprisoned in St. Louis for murder ; that some of the
chiefs were sent down to provide for their defense ; that
whilst there, and without the consent of the nation, they
were induced to sell the Indian country ; that when they
came home, it appeared that they had been drunk most of
the time they were absent, and could give no account of
what .they had done, except that they had sold some land
to the white people, and had come home loaded with pres-
ents and Indian finery. This was all that the nation ever
heard or knew about the treaty of 1804.
Under the pretense that this treaty was void, he resisted
the order of the government for the removal of his tribe
west of the Mississippi. In the spring of 1831, he re-
crossed the river, with his women and children and three
hundred warriors of the British band, together with some
of the Pottawatomie and Kickapoo nations, to establish
himself upon his ancient hunting-grounds and in the prin-
cipal village of his nation. He ordered the white settlers
away, threw down their fences, unroofed their houses, cut
up their grain, drove off and killed their cattle, and threat-
ened the people with death if they remained. The settlers
made their complaints to Gov. Reynolds. These acts of
the Indians were considered by the governor to be an inva-
sion of the State. He immediately addressed letters to
Gen. Gaines of the United States army, and to Gen. Clark,
the superintendent of Indian affairs, calling upon them to
use the influence of the government to procure the peace-
ful removal of the Indians, if possible ; at all events to
defend and protect the American citizens who had pur-
chased those lands from the United States, and were now
about to be ejected by the Indians. Gen. Gaines repaired
to Rock Island, with a few companies of regular soldiers,
and soon ascertained that the Indians were bent upon war.
He immediately called upon Gov. Reynolds for seven
(83=
";,' 16 PBINCETON.
hundred mounted volunteers. The governor obeyed the
requisition. A call was made upon some of the northern
and central counties, in obedience to which fifteen hundred
volunteers rushed to his standard at Beardstown, and about
the 10th of June were organized and ready to be marched
to the seat of war. The whole force was divided into two
regiments, an odd battalion and a spy battalion. The 1st
regiment was commanded by Col. James D. Henry, the
2nd by Col. Daniel Lieb, the odd battalion by Major Na-
thaniel Buckmaster, and the spy battalion by Major Samuel
Whiteside. The whole brigade was put under the com-
mand of Major Gen. Joseph Duncan, of the State Militia.
This was the largest military force of Illinoisans which had
ever assembled in the State, and made an imposing appear-
ance as it traversed the then unbroken wilderness of prairie.
The army proceeded in four days to the Mississippi, but
on reaching the Indian town they found no enemy there :
the Indians had quietly departed the same morning in
their canoes for the western side of the Mississippi. Gen.
Gaines threatened to pursue them across the river, which
brought back Black Hawk, and the chiefs and braves of
the hostile band, to Fort Armstrong at Rock Island, to sue
for peace. A treaty was here formed with them, by which
they agreed to remain forever after on the west side of the
river, and never to recross it without the permission of the
President or the Governor of the State. And thus these
Indians, at last, ratified the treaty of 1804, by -which their
lands were sold to the white people, and they agreed to
live in peace with the government.
But notwithstanding this treaty, early in the spring of
1832, Black Hawk and the disaffected Indians prepared
to reassert their right to the disputed territofy.
The united Sacs and Fox nations were divided into two
parties. Black Hawk commanded the warlike band, and
INDIAN WAR. 17
Keokuk, another chief, headed the band which was in favor
of peace. Keokuk, who was a bold, sagacious leader of
his people, was gifted with a wild and stirring eloquence,
rare to be found even among Indians, by means of which
he retained the greater part of his nation in amity with
the white people. But nearly all the bold, turbulent
spirits, who delighted in mischief, arranged themselves
under the banner of his rival. Black Hawk had with him
the chivalry of his nation, with which he recrossed the
Mississippi in the spring of 1832. He directed his march
to the Rock River country, and this time aimed, by march-
ing up the river into the countries of the Pottawatomies
and Winnebagoes, to make them his allies. Gov. Rey-
nolds, upon being informed of the facts, made another call
for volunteers. In a few days eighteen hundred men ral-
lied under his banner at Beardstown. This force was
organized into four regiments and a spy battalion. Col.
Dewit commanded the 1st regiment, .Col. Fry the 2nd,
Col. Thomas the 3rd, Col. Thompson the 4th ; James D.
Henry commanded the spy battalion. The whole brigade
was put under the command of Brigadier Gen. Samuel
Whiteside of the State Militia, who had commanded the
spy battalion in the first campaign. On the 27th of April
Gen. Whiteside, accompanied by Gov. Reynolds, took up
his line of march.
It seems that the Indians continued their march up the
Rock river toward the Green Bay country, attacking settle-
ments on the way, killing the white settlers and committing
various depredations. They were also pursued by the
army, which, after a long and tedious march, enduring the
most intense suffering, finally overtook them, and, after
several severe battles, drove them to the Mississippi, where
the last great battle was fought. Black Hawk and some
twenty other Indians escaped up the river. A number of
PRINCETON.
Sioux and Winnebago Indians were sent in pursuit of him.
These tribes, though sympathizing with the hostile band,
were as accomplished in treachery to their friends, when
friendship was most needed, as are a more civilized people.
They had lately seen so striking a display of the strength
of the white man, that, like a more polished race, their
mean and crafty natures clung to the side of power.
Headed by the one-eyed Decori, a Winnebago chief, they
went in pursuit of Black Hawk and his party, and cap-
tured them high up on the Wisconsin river. The prisoners
were brought down to Prairie Du Chien and delivered up
to Gen. Street, the United States Indian Agent. Amongst
them was a son of Black Hawk, and also the Prophet, a
noted chief who formerly resided at Prophetstown, in
Whiteside county, and who was one of the principal insti-
gators of the war.
Upon the arrival of the troops at Prairie Du Chien, the
volunteers were ordered to Dixon, where they were dis-
charged, and then each merry, brave man hastened, as he
pleased, to his home, his kindred and friends. Black
Hawk and his son, Naapape, Wishick, and the Prophet,
were sent down to Rock Island; and with them went
many of the Winnebago chiefs to meet Keokuk, and the
other chiefs of the Sacs and Foxes. But when they
arrived at Rock Island, the place appointed for a treaty,
the cholera had broken out there, so that Gen. Scott and
Gov. Reynolds, with the prisoners and other chiefs, fell
down to Jefferson Barracks, where a treaty was made, by
which the Sacs and Foxes ceded to the United States a
large tract of 'land bordering on the Mississippi from the
Desmoine to Turkey river in the territory of Iowa. The
prisoners named were held as hostages, for the peaceful
behavior of the hostile Indians. They were taken to
ington city, where they had an interview with Presi-
Y INDIAN WAR. 19
dent Jackson, to whom, it is reported, Black Hawk said :
" I am a man, and you are another. We did not expect
to conquer the white people. I took up the hatchet to
revenge injuries which could no longer be borne. Had I
borne them longer, my people would have" said, Black
Hawk is a squaw ; he is too old to be a chief. He is no
Sac. This caused me to raise the war-whoop. I say no
more of it. All is known to you. Keokuk once was
here ; you took him by the hand, and when he wanted to
return, you sent him back to his nation. Black Hawk
expects that, like Keokuk, we will be permitted to return
too."-. The President told him, that when he was satisfied
that all things would remain quiet, they should return.
He then took them by the hand and dismissed them.
They were then sent to Fortress Monroe, where Black
Hawk became much attached to Col. Eustiss, the com-
mander at the Fort. On parting with him, Black Hawk
said, " The memory of your friendship will remain until
the Great Spirit says that it is time for Black Hawk to
sing his death song;" then presenting him with a hunting
dress, and .some feathers of the white eagle, he said :
"Accept these, my brother; I have given one like them
to the White Beaver," (Gen. Atkinson.) "Accept them
from Black Hawk, and when he is far away, they will
serve to remind you of him. May the Great Spirit bless
you and your children. Farewell."
By order of the President, these Indian prisoners, on
the 4th day of June, 1833, were returned to their own
country. They were taken to Baltimore, Philadelphia,
New York, and other cities, to show them the numbers
and power of the white people. In all these places they
attracted great attention ; crowds every where collected to
see them ; and they even divided the attention and curi-
osity of the public with Gen. Jackson himself, who was
20 PRINCETON.
then making the tour of the northern States. Amongst
others, the ladies universally sought their acquaintance ;
and one young lady, (said to be respectable,) in her
admiration of Black Hawk's son, actually kissed him,
before crowds of people. In return for their politeness
and sympathy, Black Hawk told them that they were
" very pretty squaws. " They were returned by way of
the New York canal and the northern lakes, to their own
people in the wilderness west of the Mississippi. Black
Hawk lived until the 3rd of October, 1840, when he was
gathered to his fathers at the age of eighty years, and
was buried on the banks of the great river where he had
spent his life, and which he had loved so much.
During the years 1834-5, the town and surrounding
country was being settled quite rapidly, for those days,
with a population that sought for improvements generally.
Nothing of special interest worthy of note, with perhaps
the exception of the division of the county, and locating
the county seat, (which we notice in the sketch of the
county,) occurred in the history of the town for several
successive years. Although more or less changes were
made, yet, up to 1850, but little difference in the general
appearance of the place was effected.
About this time the subject of building a railroad from
Peru to Rock Island, passing through this place, was
being agitated. Meetings were held in the different
counties through which the contemplated road was to
pass, and a large amount of stock was subscribed for.
But ere any thing very definite was done, another route
was proposed, from Chicago to Rock Island via LaSalle
and Peru, passing some six miles south of PRINCETON.
This route was finally adopted, and the road rapidly
which somewhat disappointed the hopes of our
RAILROADS. 21
citizens. It proved, however, to be a mere dark cloud,
which was destined soon to pass away, and usher in a day
even more glorious in its prospects than any hitherto
anticipated. Another road was soon in contemplation, to
be called the Central Military Tract Railroad, connecting
at Mendota with the Chicago and Aurora Extension Rail-
road, running south-west to Galesburg, there to connect
with the Peoria and Oquawka Railroad, and pass on to
Burlington, Iowa; also with the Northern Cross Rail-
road, the southern, terminus of which is at Quincy, 111.
The surveys for this route were in process in the summer
of 1852, and finally located during the succeeding winter
the stock being nearly or quite all subscribed for. The
contract for building the road was also let, and during the
spring and summer of 1853 the work was pushed vigor-
ously forward. In little more than a year from its com-
mencement the grading was nearly all completed, and the
laying of 'the rails slowly followed.
In the month of September, 1854, the road was com-
pleted to this place, and trains of cars arrived and
departed daily. During the following winter, the road
being finished, trains commenced making regular trips
from Chicago to Burlington, a distance of two hundred
and ten miles. The three roads have since been consol-
idated into one, and are now known as the Chicago, Bur-
lington and Quincy Railroad. It not only passes through
the handsomest portions of Illinois, linking Chicago with
the noble Mississippi, but is acknowledged to be one of
the best roads in the country. Thus it affords pleasure
and ease, and also profit, to the traveler, and gives him
an opportunity of viewing the rich and fertile prairies,
pleasant groves, meandering streams and thriving towns
as he passes them ; and especially he can now look with
favor and delight upon the general appearance and site of
A
22 ' PRINCETON.
PRINCETON, as he approaches and also leaves it, in its
growing prospect and enterprise.
Before the completion of the railroad, however, enter-
prise was not wanting here, yet all hail with joy and
gladness tlje v iron horse as he comes dashing into our
midst, drawing the heavy laden passenger and freight
trains ! Yesy^he crowded bins of the warehouses, the
lively step of the merchant who is fast for closing a bar-
gain, the sound of the hammer of numerous mechanics,
busily engaged in erecting buildings throughout the town,
the happy countenance of the farmer, bearing his produce
to market, and the busy hum of carriages, prove that the
cars are greeted with a hearty welcome.
Since the completion of the railroad *to this place,
property in real estate has been advancing in value quite
rapidly ; still, we think lots can be obtained at reasonable
rates. Good business lots on Main street, between the
Public Square and Prairie and Monroe Houses/ are rang-
ing from $40 to $60 per foot. North of this block they
can be bought much cheaper. Lots for residences sell for
from $100 to $500 each, according to size and location.
And not only this, but the population has greatly in-
creased, not so rapidly and astonishingly as some newer
places which have sprung up in the night, as it were, and
which are destined to flourish a short time and then " dry
up," but a steady and healthy growth, which will increase
as years roll on. The population within the limits of the
corporation, according to the last census, taken nearly a
year since, was 2,238. Now it is computed at from
2,500 to 3,000.
It is estimated that for the past three years there has
been an average of from 100 to 150 houses built per
j year. Several new and commodious stores, in blocks and
fl separate, have been erected and completed during the
STORES, HOTEL, ETC.
23
past year, which are all occupied. Many persons have
visited our place with a view of settling among us and
engaging in business, but failing to find either tenements
or rooms for business, have been obliged to seek other
places. It is hoped that our more wealthy citizens will
turn their attention to this fact, and become induced to
invest their capital in building at home, and thus con-
tribute to improve and build up the town, rather than
spend all in speculating in real estate abroad. Some
have already anticipated this desideratum, and two sub-
stantial brick blocks have been erected. The first, a large
hotel, called the American House, the dimensions of which
are as follows : main building 100 feet long, 50 wide,
four stories high ; one wing 33 by 28, three stories high ;
another wing 20 by 30, two stories high. The first story
contains seven stores ; the upper stories, or hotel part,
contain upward of fifty rooms, and are finished after the
latest style of architecture, having all the modern improve-
ments. The building was erected mainly by the following
named persons, at a cost of about $32,000 : Stevens &
McConihes, John H. Bryant, J. Albright, A. Gosse,
William Carse and Elijah Dee.
(Another block is in contemplation by the same com-
pany, to be built on the adjoining lot east of the hotel, to
be three stories high, and containing seven stores, 24 by
100 feet, a large public hall, 60 by 100 feet, with offices
on second and third floors.)
The second block, known as the new " Mercantile
Block," built by Messrs. R. T. Templeton, E. G. Jester,
and Geo. Hughes, is two stories in height, the main build-
ing being 67 feet front, and 60 and 85 in width. It con-
tains three stores, with rooms for offices above, and cost
about $10,000.
A large steam Flouring Mill has lately been erected by
Messrs. Bobbins, Lawson & Co., at a cost of $12,000,
which is doing a large business, as will be seen by our
statistics. A large brick steam Furniture Factory has
been built, and is now in full blast. A Stove Foun-
dry has also been in operation about ten months, and is
now turning out some mammoth specimens of stoves.
The proprietors, Messrs. Miller & Chritzman, design
erecting a substantial building during the present year,
that they may be enabled to carry on a large business in
their line. A steam Planing Mill and Sash Factory has
also been erected by A. L. Davis, which has sent out
some $7,000 worth of work during the past year, and
will do a much larger business the present year.
A new system of tanning leather has been introduced
by one of our citizens, Mr. Geo. W. Hatch, who for
the past year has given the public an opportunity of test-
ing his leather ; and though he has had many obstacles to
surmount, and many objections to overcome, for like
all new projects, his at first was viewed with distrust and
=6
GRAIN STATISTICS. 25
adopted with caution, he has succeeded in obtaining a
patent, and is fast gaining favor. We learn that he con-
templates building a commodious brick Tannery, which
will enable him to carry on the business on a much larger
scale. Part of the brick is already on the ground.
Ever since the division of the county and the establish-
ment of the county seat at PRINCETON, it has been noted as
a great business place, taking into consideration its popu-
lation, and for the last year or two has greatly increased in
this respect, and still continues to advance ; and we doubt
whether another inland town of its size, or even larger, can
be found to excel or equal it. People from abroad are
often astonished while passing through Main street, to find
it crowded with the teams of farmers who have come into
town to do their trading, rendering .it at times almost
impassable. Teams are continually passing to and from
the depot, loaded with produce, lumber, wood, coal, etc.
To substantiate this statement, we will here give some
important statistics, a portion of which, through the polite-
ness of Mr. C. Barrie, agent, we gather from the freight
books of the Chicago and Burlington Eailroad, for 1856.
Amount of Grain Shipped.
Corn, bushels 200,000
Wheat, " 82,600
Oats, " 27,800
The above figures are much smaller than they were the
previous year, owing to the low price of grain during the
past year, which has induced many of the farmers to hold
over their produce. We are told by grain dealers, and
by some of our extensive farmers, that we may safely say
that full one-half of the grain raised in the vicinity of
PRINCETON during the past year has not yet been brought
into market. This is particularly true in regard to wheat.
2
PRINCETON.
If this is correct, we have the sum of 165, ^00 bushels of
wheat, to which we add the amount received at the mills,
making a total of 265,200 bushels.
There are two Flouring Mills in PRINCETON, and the fol-
lowing is a statement of their operations during the year
1856:
Amount of Flour Manufactured.
Robbins, Lawson & Co. (Princeton City Mills) bbls. 12,000
Hurlbut & Bingham bbls. 8,000
Total 20,000
Amount of Grain Used.
PRINCETON CITY MILLS.
Custom work Wheat, bushels 22,500
" " Corn, " 2,000
" " Buckwheat, " 500
Merchant work Wheat, bushels 37,500
" " Corn, " 500
Total : Wheat, bushels 60,000
Corn, " -.. 2,500
Buckwheat, " 500
HURLBUT & BINGHAM.
Custom work Wheat, bushels 30,000
" ' " Corn, " 8,000
Merchant work Wheat, bushels 10,000
" " Corn, " 5,000
Total : Wheat, bushels 40,000
Corn, " 13,000
The Pork business, during the past year, has been quite
small in comparison with former seasons, which may be
accounted for by the fact that our farmers have preferred
to raisp more corn and less pork. There have been, how-
ever, about 1,000 dressed, and something less than half
that number of live, hogs shipped by railroad.
LUMBER TRADE, FUEL. 27
The Lumber trade of PRINCETON is of no small import-
ance. Although we have some three or four dealers in
this article, yet the demand exceeds the supply, owing in
part to the difficulty of getting it shipped from Chicago,
on account of the great amount of freighting done on the
railroad. The following is a statement of the amount of
Lumber received at the depot during 1856 :
Amount of Lumber Received.
Lumber, feet , 2,396,476
Shingles, M 1,553,000
Lath, bunches 5,000
Fuel.
The amount of Coal received from other places by rail-
road, during 1856, for the use of our citizens, was about
600 tons. A large amount has also been brought by
teams from Sheffield and Tiskilwa, amounting in all to
about 800 or 1,000 tons. But PRINCETON is by no means
dependent upon other places for her fuel, as will readily
be seen by the fact that 11,000 cords of wood have been
hauled to the depot during the year 1856, and sold for
the use of the Railroad Company at this and other sta-
tions. There are now 12,000 cords at the depot, covering
about ten acres of ground !
A coal bed has lately been discovered within a few
miles of the town, and we doubt not but others will soon
be found, and that PRINCETON will soon furnish coal, as
well as wood, for home and foreign consumption.
That the reader may have something of an idea of the
amount of business done by the Railroad at this place,
we will give a table showing the amount of money received
by the company for freight shipped to and from PRINCETON
during the year 1856.
Amount of Cash Keceived for In Freight.
MONTHS.
PRE-
PAID.
BACK
CHARGES.
LOCAL
CHARGES.
January ...
79
$9 84
7 18
3 15
1 26-
4 80
25
$330 58
125 01
302 49
1,280 97
2,008 61
705 89
707 92
599 31
886 05
1,036 70
1,565 59
789 52
$980".68
1,214^17
1,933 25
1,297 04
2,088 69
1,538 68
2,082 72
1,509 50
2,936 10
2,601 52
1,580 07
1,487 90
March
April . . .
May ...
June
July
August
September .
2 59
5 55
38
2 12
October
December .
Total
$37 91 ! $10,338 64
$21,250 32
There has been $7,200 received at this office for pas-
senger tickets during the year 1856.
Amount of Cash Received for Freight Forwarded.
MONTHS.
PRE-
PAID.
BACK
CHARGES.
LOCAL
CHARGES.
January
55
$6 57
$459 78
February . . .
$6 85
7 04
503 82
March
11 34
14 85
449 30
April .
13 01
47 93
613 99
May
17 76
24 22
1 996 35
r 4 J
June ... .
9 88
4 01
2 886 80
July..
8 25
43 59
3 674 25
August
2 29
6 148 44
September
5 49
25
6 446 86
October ....
13 00
4 886 15
November
25
822 58
December
12 84
46 71
361 97
Total
$101 26
$195 42
$29,450 29
There has also been $46,000 paid out for wood, posts
and ties during the year 1856.
BUSINESS STATISTICS.
29
These figures, which are not exaggerated, compare well
with many towns claiming to have five times the number
of inhabitants that PRINCETON has, and that are not only
connected by railroad with Chicago and the East, but have
the advantage of navigation on the Mississippi river, thus
affording communication with the North and the South
also. Indeed, while all compare well according to popula-
tion, some exceed and even double !
A goodly number of stores and shops of all kinds are
already established and doing a fine trade. Some of the
older firms are carrying on a large and extensive business,
that might well be envied by many leading firms located in
much larger places.
We designed giving the amount of capital invested
and sales made during the past year, in each particular
branch of business, but were unable to do so, owing to a
variety of reasons. Below are some of the most import-
ant, and will give the reader some idea of the whole.
KIND OF BUSINESS.
! Amount of | Amount of
Capital | Sales during
, Invested. Past Year.
Dry Goods
$100,000
$250,000
21,000
85,000
Clothing Stores
22,000
50,000
Stoves, Tin and Hardware
18,000
50,000
Harness Shops
7 000
Boots and Shoes
6 000
Furniture Stores
18,000
35,000
Drug Stores
18000
35,000
Jewelry Stores
7 500
10000
There are three Brick Yards in Princeton, which, dur-
ing the past year, have manufactured and sold upward of
3,400,000 brick, at an average of $5.75 per thousand.
There is one steam Saw Mill, though it is in operation
PRINCETON.
but a part of the time. During the past year it has
sawed upward of 171,000 feet of Lumber.
But to be more particular, we will here give a list of
persons engaged in the various branches of business.
Dealers in Dry Goods.
William Carse.
Rawson Brothers.
Converse & Thomson.
Alex. Boyd.
A. & M. Carse.
A. & L. Hiscock.
David Robinson, Jr. & Co.
J. Riale & Son.
A. Knights, from Philadel'a, designs opening a store soon.
Stevens & McConihes.
Alfred Johnson.
D. G. Salisbury.
P. N. Newell & Co.
H. J. Everett.
Wm. H. Mason.
Mrs. Jane F. Hale.
Grocery and Variety Stores.
Delano & Burr.
J. Crittenden & Co.
James Corbett & Bro.
Morrison & Fisher.
E. Wester.
A. C. Gilcrest & Co.
W. H. Colesbery.
Baker & Garvin.
James Crownover.
J. F. Fieselman.
Dealers in Stoves, Tin and Hardware.
Jacobs & White.
Paddock & Seaman.
A. S. & E. C. Chapman.
Clothing Stores.
J. Walter & Co.
E. Wester.
Dernham & Rosenstraus.
Wolf, Bergman & Co.
Merchant Tailors.
John S. Mulliner. Ambrose & Burnsides.
Millinery and Dress Making.
Mrs. Jane F. Hale. I Mrs. C. C. Selfridge.
Mrs. C. Meservy.
BUSINESS STATISTICS.
31
Bodley & Wilson.
W. H. Winter.
P. F. Packard.
E. Harris.
Drug Stores.
Converse & Thomson.
Jewelry Stores.
P. Fagercrantz.
Manufacturers of and Dealers in Furniture.
Levisee & Davis.
James T. Stevens.
Stowell & Co.
S. E. Newbery.
A. P. Lawson & Co.
William Grant.
Harness Shops.
E. G. Jester & Co.
Boot and Shoe Shops.
J. W. Harwood & Co. | Preston S. Earr & Co.
G. Van Velzer.
A. Love.
William Jones.
Apthorp & Butler.
Frank Woodworth.
Charles Van Yelzer.
Bakeries.
William Harris.
Dining Saloons.
Henry W. Kelly.
J. H. Smith.
Meat Markets.
Collett & Jones. | E. M. & A. Bartles.
Produce Merchants.
A. & J. N. Fisher.
E. H. Brooks.
E. Curtis.
Sidney Smith.
R. P. Conger & Dratt.
Stevens & McConihes.
William Warren.
William Carse.
P. N. Newell & Co>
PRINCETON.
Lumber Yards.
Jacob Fetrow & Co.
D unbar & Spring.
Priestley & Carpenter.
Andrew Gosse.
Gillett Burr.
Brick Yards.
Alvin Burton.
Carpenters and Joiners.
A. Whitmarsh.
Paine & Merriam.
J. N. Carlton.
A. B. Thayer.
Eli R. Mathis.
A. C. Prout.
Abel Martin.
E. White.
E. H. Swayne.
S. D. Hinsdale.
Morse & Wolfenbergar.
James Grant.
J. Crocker.
A. H. Burrell.
George Grant.
David Grant.
Masons.
Henry H. Richards.
Gunsmiths.
S. J. Lindbarg.
Huntington & Campbell.
B. Bartholomew.
R. Smith.
Blacksmiths.
William H. Cook.
Anson P. Fish.
C. Conklin.
Robert Waterson,
M. Richards.
W. H. Snow.
C. Wilson.
Bill & Morse.
Wagon Shops.
William Spangler.
Painters.
Adley & Elmendorf.
Livery Stables.
I J. P. Allison.
BUSINESS STATISTICS.
33
Civil Engineers and Surveyors.
George H. Bobbins. I Winship & Hodgeman.
C. B. Johnson.
l
Nursery Men.
John G. Bubach.
Steam Flouring Mills.
S. P. Bingham.
Robbins, Lawson & Co.
Dentists.
P. W. Ferris.
D. Brainard.
Physicians.
W. C. Anthony.
William 0. Chamberlain
A. R Bodley.
A. E. Griffith.
Joseph Shugart.
William Mercer.
J. W. Gamwell.
Joseph Mercer.
Levi J. Woodbury.
Alvin Ballou.
Attorneys.
Peters & Farwell.
William M. Zearing.
Taylor & Stipp.
C. P. Allen.
Milo Kendall.
Joseph S. Williams.
M. Ballou.
J. M. Grimes.
Levi North.
William A. Frazer.
C. L. Kelsey.
J. Porter, Jr.
Charles J. Peckham.
George 0. Ide.
Banking Houses.
Kelsey, Waller & Co.
Hulburd, Sharp & Co.
Hotels.
EAGLE HOTEL, William McKee, Proprietor.
MONROE HOUSE, William L. Dayton, Proprietor.
PRAIRIE HOUSE, Joseph Donaldson, Proprietor
AMERICAN HOUSE.
- =
Newspapers.
PRINCETON POST, Charles Faxon, Editor and Proprietor.
BUREAU COUNTY DEMOCRAT, C. N. Pine, Editor and Pro-
prietor.
Miscellaneous.
C. Barrie Freight Agent Chi. & Burl. R. R.
S. P. Bingham Proprietor of Steam Saw Mill.
Rufus Carey County Treasurer.
Rev. A. B. Church. .School Commissioner.
Colbe & Frick Barbers.
A. L. Davis Proprietor of Steam Planing Mill.
Robt. R. Dunbar. . .Wire Fence Builder.
Homer Fellows Assistant Post Master.
E. M. Fisher Clerk of Circuit Court and Recorder.
R. B. Foster Dealer in Books and Stationery.
E. M. Gardiner. . . .Tobacco and Cigar Store.
William Gaylor .... Expressman.
George W. Hatch . . Tanner.
Mrs. Jane F. Hale . Music Store.
William H. Masters . Ambrotype Artist.
Miller & Chritzman . Stove Foundry.
N. Matson Dealer in Real Estate.
T. A. North Cooper.
J. W. Neighbour . . . Dealer in Apples, Cider and Vinegar.
S. Osborn Marble Shop.
H. Patterson Telegraph Operator.
C. N. Pine Post Master.
John D. Reynolds . .Broom Manufacturer.
John R. Sloan Portrait and Landscape Painter.
I. B. Smith Publisher.
J. L. Swarts Daguerrean Artist.
Spaulding & Smith . . Manufacturers of Wire Fence.
C. A. Smith Expressman and Drayman.
J. V. Thompson .... County Clerk.
Z. K.Waldron Sheriff
In the preceding list we have only designed to give the
names of those who are doing business for themselves.
Besides these there are a large number of hands actively
engaged in nearly every branch of business.
^il
CHURCHES. 35 y
rTT 4-V.4-
The following list of Churches and Schools shows that
the inhabitants here still imbibe the spirit of the Puritan
Fathers. For it has often been remarked, that wherever
their descendants went, they were sure to erect a suitable
place for the worship of God, and also to establish schools
as soon as circumstances would allow.
Hampshire Colony Congregational Church.
Organized at Northampton, Mass., March 23rd, 1831,
and settled in Princeton, July 6th, 1831. Number of
members at the time of settlement, 6 ; present number of
resident members, 160. This church has had but three
settled ministers. Rev. Lucien Farnham commenced his
labors in 1833, and was installed first pastor, October
21st, 1835, and continued as such until April, 1839.
Rev. Owen Lovejoy commenced preaching October, 1838,
and was installed as pastor November 7th, 1839, and con-
tinued his relation as such until January, 1856, a period
of seventeen years. Rev. N. A. Keyes was stated supply
during the year 1856. Rev. Samuel D. Cochran, present
pastor, was settled in January, 1857. The church has
built two houses of worship the first was a framed build-
ing ; the second, a brick building, 44 by 65, erected in
1848, and which was thought to be sufficiently large for
many years to come, but is now too small, and arrangements
will probably soonb^made for enlarging or building anew.
Presbyterian Church, (Old School).
Organized October 26th, 1837, under the name of the
"First IndepericTent Congregational Church." Became
Presbyterian, December 25th, 184G. Number of mem-
bers when organized, 24 ; number of resident members at
present, 110. Rev. A. B. Church was minister most of
the time from its organization till it became Presbyterian.
36 PRINCETON.
Rev. I. Pillsbury was stated supply from August llth,
1844, to December 7th, 1845 ; Rev. John Stacker most
of the year following ; Rev. William Perkins, from May
1st, 1847, to October, 1849, having been installed pastor
October, 1847 ; Rev. I. Pillsbury, from October, 1849,
to April 20th, 1854, having been installed May, 1850 ;
Rev. William P. Carson supplied during the summer of
1855. Rev. J. C. Barr, the present pastor, commenced as
supply October, 1855, and was installed pastor January
3rd, 1856. This church and society have just completed
a fine church edifice, 50 by 80, at a cost of about $11,000.
They formerly occupied a framed building, erected soon
after the organization of the church.
Baptist Church.
Organized in the summer of 1835. Number of mem-
bers at the time of organization, 13 ; present number of
resident members, 136. The church has been supplied
with preaching by different ministers until June, 1853,
when Rev. F. B. Ives, the present pastor, commenced his
labors. This church completed a small framed building
for a house of worship in 1848, which has since been
enlarged, but is now too small to accommodate the congre-
gation. A lot has already been purchased, with a view
of building again soon.
_
Methodist Episcopal Church.
Organized October, 1833. It was then a part of
Princeton Circuit ; Rev. William Royal was then pastor.
Number of members at tin- time of organization, 8 ; present
number of resident members, 73. In July, 1851, it was
made a Station, Rev. M. P. Sweet, pastor, who continued
this relation till October, 1853. He was followed by Rev.
J. 0. Gilbert for one year. Rev. J. W. Stogdill was his
CHURCHES. 37
successor for two years, to September, 1856. He was
followed by the present pastor, Rev. Silas Searl. In
1845 they erected a brick house of worship, which they
still occupy.
Methodist Protestant Church.
Organized in 1837, with 8 members. Present num-
ber of resident members, 64. Rev. John Cauch, pastor.
This church has erected but one house of worship, a small
brick building, which they now occupy.
Christian Church.
Organized the 8th of March, 1840. Number of mem-
bers when organized, about 20 ; present number, about
75. John M. Yearnshaw, preacher when the society was
organized ; since then, George McManis, John Ross, John
Sargent and D. R. Howe, the latter being the present
preacher. The society built a brick meeting-house, 28 by
40, in 1845, which they still occupy.
Swedish Evangelical Lutheran Church.
Organized June 16th, 1854. Number of members
when organized, 46 ; present number, 100. Rev. L. P.
Esbjorn, pastor. This church has just completed a neat
framed house of worship, 30 by 42, at a cost of $1,500.
German Evangelical United Lutheran and Reformed
' ..'^- Church.
Organized April 27th, 1856. Number of members at
the trme of organization, 44; present number, 52. Rev.
C. Reas, pastor. During the past year this church have
built a small though neat framed house of worship, 26 by
36, at a cost of about $1,200.
V.
Connected with the foregoing Churches are Sabbath
Schools.
38 PRINCETON.
The German Methodists meet regularly every Sabbath
for church services at a school house near the depot, but
as yet are not organized into a church. Episcopal services
are also now held every Sabbath, but no church is yet
formed.
SCHOOLS.
PKINCETON SEMINARY James H. Smith, Principal ;
Miss Ada Walker, Assistant. Established 1851. Aver-
age attendance from its commencement to the present
time, 81.
UNION (PUBLIC) SCHOOL. This school is divided into
four departments, as follows :
No. 1 taught by Miss Jane M. Skinner.
No. 2 " " " Victoria M. White.
No. 3 " " " A. M. Lane,
assisted by Miss H. H. Currier.
No. 4 taught by Mr. J. A. Sewall, assisted
by Miss E. G-. Noble.
Number of scholars in department No. 1 82
" " " "2 71
" "3 94
" 4 120
Total 367
Average attendance, 294.
J. A. SEWALL, Principal.
Miss BRADLEY'S SELECT SCHOOL. Whole number of
scholars, 40. This school was commenced in April, 1856,
and has been quite prosperous thus far.
One or two other select schools have been in operation
during the past year, but are now discontinued.
CHARACTER OP CITIZENS. 39
Music Teachers.
J. N. Carlton Teacher of Vocal Music.
J. J. Doolittle
Mrs. C. F. Newell Teacher of Instrumental Music.
Mrs. 0. E. Jaynes
Miss Amelia Ferris " " "
Miss F. Cohen
Miss Sarah A. Fisher. .. " " "
Miss W.Walker
CHARACTER OF THE CITIZENS.
Most of the inhabitants of PRINCETON were originally
from the New England and Middle States, (though we
have a "smart sprinkling" of foreigners, composed
mostly of Swedes and Germans, who make a very good
class of citizens,) and are therefore characterized by that
" go-a-head-a-tiveness " so generally possessed by -the
people of those States. Not only are they enterprising,
industrious and intelligent, but also exhibit a high de-
gree of refinement which makes its appearance in various
forms. Particular attention is paid to the cultivation of
the science of music, both vocal and instrumental, as well
as the more common branches of education. Perhaps we
ought to dwell more particularly on the subject of music
as we mention it here, inasmuch as such a high degree of
musical talent is exhibited among us. We suppose it is
safe to say that there is not another place of the same
size that can equal PRINCETON in respect to musical attain-
ments.
With regard to the morality of the place, we would
judge that it is quite as good as most places of its size,
East or West ; and we believe it is generally considered
that it has improved in this respect within the last few
years. Still, there is room for improvement. Sic passim.
40 PRINCETON.
The town of PRINCETON was incorporated March 13th,
1838, by vote of the citizens, under the general incorpo-
ration law, and on the 24th of March, 1838, the follow-
ing persons were chosen trustees of the town : John
Vaughn, Stephen Wilson, Justin H. Olds, William 0.
Chamberlain, and John Miller.
The subject of organizing under a charter, and becom-
ing incorporated as a city, is now being agitated somewhat,
though we can not learn that any thing very definite has
yet been done in regard to it. *
That PRINCETON will eventually become a large inland
city, there is not the least shadow of a doubt. Another
railroad is in contemplation from LaSalle to PRINCETON, a
charter having been granted for the same at the last ses-
sion of the legislature. Several New York capitalists
have already been attracted here, and one farm situated
near the depot has been purchased with a view of laying
it out into town lots and erecting a number of buildings
thereon. Nature has afforded it a most excellent site
for a large town. It is situated on a somewhat level
plain, yet sufficiently "high and dry," and can be seen
from a distance of many miles. The surrounding country
is acknowledged to be one of the finest portions of the
State, having no superior. The prairie in the immediate
vicinity of PRINCETON is nearly all under cultivation ; and
more rich and easier soil to till, we do not believe can be
found. Timber is plenty, as has been proved by our
wood statistics, being found all along Bureau creek and
other streams, and here and there many a large grove of
good timber can be seen.
* Since the above was written, we learn that an Act has
passed the Legislature, extending the Corporation limits, and
granting a Town Charter, which provides for the election of a
Board of Councilmen and President ; thus giving PRINCETON
all the privileges of an incorporated City, minus the name.
METEOROLOGICAL TABLES.
41
As to healthfulness of climate, few places have been
more highly favored. True, there is occasionally some
sickness, and people do die here mirabile dictu I But
when we compare the mortality of the place with eastern
towns of the same size, we find it to be much less.
Here we will insert a Meteorological Table, furnished us
by our citizen, Mr. N. Matson, which perhaps may serve
to give the reader some idea of the climate in this region.
METEOROLOGICAL, TABLES FOR 185O-1-2.
TAKEN MORNING AND NOON OF EACH DAY.
THE FOLLOWING IS THE MEAN TEMPERATURE :
185O_
DEGREES
& HUND.
DATS OP
RAIN.
INCHES.
DATS OF
8XOW.
INCHES.
25 25
1
l/
4
gix
30 50
2
\
1
P
March
34 50
4
2
1
11X
April
40 00
g
2M
Mav
57 50
4
is/
June
71 00
g
3^
July
78 00
g
C I/
70 50
10
8>l
September ...
60 00
10
2k-
51 50
5
3
44 00
5
SSX
3
V
21 50
2
P
4
Ql
Total
68
34
13
16%
Average Temperature for Seasons : Winter, 29 . 00 deg. ; Spring,
43.16; Summer, 73.00; Autumn, 51.00.
Average Temperature for Year: 48.75 deg.
Greatest Cokl : January 4th 12 deg. below zero.
Greatest H<>at : July 10th 101 deg. above zero.
42
PRINCETON.
METEOROLOGICAL TABLES.
1851.
DEGREES
& UUM).
DATS OF
RAIN.
INCHES.
DATS OF
SNOW.
INCHES.
January
29 00
1
y>
2
34 00
9
&
2
214
March
40 50
4
zy
2
April
44 50
7
4? /
1
4^x
May
61 00
14
11%
66 50
13
73X
July
74 00
14
8K
August ... . ...
69 00
g
4x
September
68 00
3
2
October
66 50
1
SX
* *
36 00
4
iy
3
3^
December
21 50
5
&
2
T
Total. . .
83
50%
12
103*
Average Temperature for Seasons: Winter, 28.00 deg.; Spring,
48.33; Summer, 70.00; Autumn, 54.00.
Average Temperature of Year : 50 . 25 deg.
Greatest Cold: December 15th 15 deg. below zero.
Greatest Heat: July 14th 98 deg. above zero.
185S.
DEGREES
& HTJND.
DATS OF
RAIN.
INCHES.
DATS OF
SNOW.
INCHES.
22 00
3
15^
9
5
34 00
2
IX
2
March.
36 50
7
Ksx
2
2K
April
42 50
10
Oix
3
16
May...
59 00 '
10
RlX
68 00
sy
July
75.00
g
isx
August
73 50
2
September
65 50
g
55X
October
59 00
10
7ix
November
30 50
5
&.
4
11 >z
December
27.00
4
1
4
9>
Total
. 77
37^
24
44*
Average Temperature for Seasons: Winter, 30.60 deg. ; Spring,
59.33; Summer, 71.00; Autumn, 38.66.
Average Temperature of Year : 49 . 75 deg.
Greatest Cold: January 19th 23 deg. below zero.
Greatest Heat: August 30th 98 deg. above zero.
And thus we have a hasty glance at PRINCETON its
early settlement, and present business advantages yet
here is room for more ; and there is a future prospect I
GENERAL REMARKS. 43
that speaks loudly, inviting the enterprising merchant, the
capitalist and manufacturer, to cast in his lot with us.
There is no point in the West that we are acquainted
with where capital could be invested to better advantage
in manufactures than in PRINCETON. Machine shops,
plow and carriage factories are very much needed, and
would be well patronized. A large number of carriages
are every year imported from the East, but these are
generally of an inferior kind, and the people would prefer
a home manufactured article ; and we hope soon to see an
extensive factory of this description in operation here-
Indeed, nearly all kinds of (honest) business would "pay"
here, if prosecuted judiciously and with sufficient energy.
Then to the honest and industrious person, whether rich
or poor, who has the " Western fever" we say, come to
this bounteous land and be cured. You will meet with a
hearty welcome, and find a home in a community where
intelligence, industry, educational and religious privileges
are not wanting, and where you may gain a share of its
wealth and add to its prosperity.
Let the hardy and industrious farmer who is toiling on
the rocks and hills of New England, endeavoring to obtain
a livelihood from a seven-by-nine patch of ground, come
to the Prairie State and view the large fields of waving
grain, dotted here and there with comfortable farm houses,
the home of many a happy farmer, the thriving towns and
villages springing up as if by magic, and then decide to
purchase a home among us. Yes, farmers and mechanics,
merchants, etc., come to the lively town of PRINCETON and
partake with us of the spirit of enterprise which seems to
prevail here ; come and enjoy the privileges which have
been secured, by untiring energy and perseverance, during
the past twenty-five years, and help us to roll forward the
ball of improvement and progress.
44
TABLE OF DISTANCES.
TABLE OF DISTANCES.
(EAST by Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. to Chicago.)
From PRINCETON to MILES. From PRINCETON to
Maiden, (Dover) 5 West Aurora
Arlington 12 Aurora ...
Mendota 21 Batavia
Earlville ...... 32 Junction
Waverly 38 Winfield
MILES.
. . 65
.. 66
.. 73
.. 79
. 82
Somonauk 45 Wheaton 84
Newark f . . : 48 Danby 86
Piano ' 52 i Babcock's Grove 89
Bristol 58 Cottage Hill 93
Oswego 62 Oak Ridge 101
Montgomery 64 Chicago 109
(WEST by Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. to Burlington.)
From PRINCETON to MILES. From PRINCETON to MILES.
Wyanet 7 Wataga 51
Buda 13 Galesburg 59
Neponset 19 Cameron 68
Kewanee 27 j Monmouth 75
Galva 35 1 Young America 82
Altona 43jOquawka Junction 93
Oneida (Burlington 101
(WEST by Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. to Wyanet; thence to Rock
Island by Chicago & Rock Island R. R.)
From PRINCETON to MILES. ' From PRINCETON to
Wyanet 7 Colona
Sheffield 15 Moline
Annawa 24 1 Rock Island
Geneseo 37
MILES.
.. 48
.. 58
. 61
(SOUTH by stage to Bureau Junction; thence by Bureau Valley R. R. to
Peoria.)
From PRINCETON to MILKS. [ From PRINCETON to MILES.
Bureau Junction 8 1 Chillicothe 36
Snatchwine 16
Henry 21
Lacon . . .28
Rome 39
Mossville 45
Peoria.. . 54
of gumut
THE first settlement in this county was made by Messrs.
Bulbona and Henry Thomas, in 1828. During the pre-
ceding year, Mr. H. Thomas was engaged, with others, in
surveying a stage route from Peoria to Galena, and
while thus employed he made a claim at Bureau Grove,
where he moved the following year. Others soon fol-
lowed, among whom were Messrs. Ezekiel Thomas, Abram
Obrist, Abram Stratton, Sylvester Brigham and J. G.
Forestall. Other settlements were made soon after. C.
S. Boyd, located at Boyd's Grove; Joseph Smith, at
"Dad Joe's Grove"; Jno. Hall, at Hall's Settlement ;
Elijah Epperson, on Bureau creek ; and others at various
places in the county.
The first Post Office in the county was established at
Bureau Grove in 1831, and Henry Thomas was post
master.
This county was a part of Putnam until 1837, when
an act was approved creating Bureau county. It being
left to the voters of the county to decide in regard to its
division, there was witnessed one of the most exciting
elections ever held in this county. As soon as the result
was fully known, a general rejoicing took place, and the
news was greeted by the citizens of PRINCETON with
many huzzas, bonfires, torch-light processions, etc.
This county is bounded on the north by Whiteside and
Lee counties ; on the east by LaSalle county and the Illi-
46
BUREAU COUNTY.
nois river, and Putnam county at the extreme south-east
corner ; on the south by Putnam, Marshall and Stark
counties ; and on the west by Henry county.
The county seat is located at PRINCETON. In 1845
the county erected a good substantial brick Court House,
at a cost of about $9,000, which is said to be one of the
best court houses in the State.
COTJRT
A new Jail was completed in 1856, which is attached
to the sheriff's house. The whole building cost about
$10,500.
When the first settlers came to this county, it was
necessary for them to bring their supplies of provisions, or
an abundance of money to procure them with, for at this
HARDSHIPS OF EARLY SETTLERS. 47
time provisions were exceedingly high, and therefore it
was with great courage and perseverance that the first
settlers of our now highly cultivated and favored county
came and erected dwellings, and remained here for the
first few years. As soon as they could begin to culti-
vate the rich and yielding soil, they were blessed with
abundant harvests; but although these were plentiful,
markets were at so great a distance (Chicago being the
nearest, over one hundred miles) that the price of pro-
duce was very low ; and farmers, for several years, were
obliged to carry their grain, forty bushels at a load, in
wagons, this distance ; and, in more than one instance,
finding prices so low, they would offer their entire load
to produce merchants if they would defray their expenses
to and from market ! Thus it is seen that the husband-
man was not remunerated for his toil. And while produce
was bringing so low a market price, other things were com-
manding very high figures, which conspired to render the
times very dark and dreary.
But time gradually wore away this state of things, and
about the year 1850 a new light began to dawn upon the
minds of those who had "borne the toil in the heat of
the day.'-' A better day was anticipated with no little
interest, hope, or anxiety. The dark 'cloud of "hard
times " began to be dispelled by the agitation of railroad
projects in different portions of the State. Truly this
event ushered in bright prospects for the Prairie State ;
and indeed it was a new era in its history.
Produce and all kinds of stock at this time were in
better demand, and as a natural consequence, prices
began to rise. A general interest was excited in the vast
natural resources which lay buried beneath the soil of the
State ; and this county, in common with others, felt these
influences, and immigration turned to the rich uncultivated
48 BUREAU COUNTY.
prairies of Bureau county. Though the completion of
the Illinois and Michigan canal, the southern terminus of
which is within a few miles of this county, constituted a
favorable change in creating a market nearer home, yet it
has been superseded by the railroad, which has brought a
market, as it were, to our very doors.
In respect to the general appearance of the county,
what we said of the surrounding country, in connection
with PRINCETON, might apply well to the county. The
soil is excellent rich, deep, and productive ; being gen-
erally well watered, and well adapted for all kinds of
grain and other agricultural staples.
In the western portion of the county there is consider-
able swamp land, a portion of which, however, can be
made available for agricultural purposes. If we are cor-
rectly informed, the proceeds arising from the sale of these
lands,' which have already amounted to $118,000, are to
be used for schools in the county, which will make a valu-
able accession to the school fund.
The principal streams in the county are Bureau creek,
East and West Bureau creeks, and Green river ; while
on the south-east we have the Illinois river and lake
DuPu. From the latter a goodly quantity of fish is taken
nearly every season.
Wood is found in abundance bordering on the streams
and in groves. Any amount of Coal is found in different
parts of the county, particularly at Sheffield and Tiskilwa.
From the former place it is shipped by railroad to Chicago
and other places daily. The value of the products of
coal mines in the county, in 1855, was about $60,000.
Now it is much greater.
As an agricultural county, Bureau is not excelled.
Years ago, when grain was carried to Chicago by the
wagon load, produce merchants declared that the best
FRUIT, AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, ETC. 49
grain always came from Bureau county, and the same
can now be safely said. For further proof we would refer
the reader to the remarks of the deputy commissioner, in
connection with the census of the county.
Fruit is a branch of agriculture that is beginning to
command attention. Experience has proved that the soil
and climate are well adapted to raising fruit ; and this is,
we think, soon to become an item of no small importance.
The Peach tree grows thrifty, but is not a regular bearer.
Plums, Cherries and Pears do well, but Apples do the
best, and are a superior article. Other varieties of fruits
also flourish, as well as shrubs and ornamental trees.
An Agricultural Society has been formed about two
years, and is in a prosperous condition. Last year the
first Annual Fair was held, and about $300 worth of pre-
miums awarded. We trust that the farmers of Bureau
county will exert themselves to the utmost in sustaining
this society, which is of so much importance to them, and
thus contribute to forward their own interests and that of
the county generally.
Besides PRINCETON, the county seat, Sheffield, Wyanet
and Tiskilwa are flourishing villages, and we think that
Buda, Neponset and Maiden are worthy of notice. The
above, with Arlington and Trenton, are railroad stations,
and some of them bid fair to become places of no small
importance. Lamoille, Dover and Providence are older
villages, with the exception of Princeton and Tiskilwa,
and in many respects are pleasantly located.
We now have eighty miles of railroad in the county,
and will soon have many more, for a road is already in
contemplation from LaSalle to Princeton ; and the Joliet
and Albany Railroad via Mendota is surveyed to enter this
county near Lamoille, and pass through that village and
the flourishing township of Ohio.
3
50
BUREAU COUNTY.
Below we give a table of educational statistics which
we copy from the books of the school commissioner. We
designed to give other facts showing what our county has
done in the way of sustaining schools, and thus forward-
ing the cause of education, but owing to the illness of our
school commissioner we are unable to obtain the requisite
information.
BIENNIAL REPORT
Of School Commissioner of Bureau County, 18556.
i
r-j
1
C4
8
"3
*3
i
ft
1
o
i
1
j |
H
TOWNSHIPS.
|
s
1
|
1
i
I 1
1
1
1
i
1
fc
"s
o
a
1
ft
6
6
6
6
6
6
o
K
&
n
to
m
>g-
R
Milo T. 14. R. 8 E.
9
302
152
150
400
5
4
" .... pt, "14, ' 9"
6
158
80
78
260
3
Brawby. ... "15, ' 6 "
12
224
125
99
207
3
9
Macon "15, ' 7 "
8
201
5
3
Indian town "15, ' 8 "
10
260
127
133
595
3
6
Arispe "15, ' 9"
7
260
125
135
571
5
7
Leepertown "15, '10"
Mineral ..." 16, " 6 "
2
9
60
297
35
158
25
139
104
259
2
3
2
6
Concord .. "16, " 7"
7
432
223
209
489
4
6
Centre.. .. "16, " 8"
8
302
137
105
603
8
Princeton.. "16, " 9"
33
1,846
918
928
1,637
10
23
Selby "16, "10"
7
232
129
103
693
6
8
Hall "16, " 11 "
5
146
66
80
329
5
5
Gold "17, ' 6"
1
15
10
6
66
1
1
Manlius . . " 17, '7 "
3
45
27
18
132
1
2
Bureau. . "17, ' 8"
4
76
35
40
272
3
3
Dover . ..." 17, ; 9 "
14
581
295
286
627
6 |
7
Berlin "17, '10 "
8
168
362
Westfiel'd". '. "17,' '11"
5
106
60
46
203
2
Fairfield... "18, ' 6"
4
35
20
15 i
100
3
"i
Greenville. "18, ' 7"
3
76
42 !
34
359
2
2
Walnut ... "18, ' 8 u
6
128
67 i
64
170
1
6
Ohio "18, ' 9"
14
414
222 ;
192
344
5
9
Lamoille . . " 18, ' 10 "
5
211
106
105
453
2
3
Clarion.... "18, ' 11 "
7
219
109
110
435
5
10
Total . .
197
6,793
3,268
3,099
9,570
92
133
CENSUS OF THE COUNTY.
51
CENSUS OP BUREAU COUNTY, July, 1855.
TOWKSHIP8
Clarion . .
Westfield.
Hall
Lamoille .
Berlin . . .
Selby ....
Leeperto'n
Ohio
Dover
Prince'n )
towns'ip j
Prince'n )
corpor'n j
Arispie .. .
Walnut . .
Bureau . . j
Centre... 192
Indiant'n 209
Milo
Greenville
Manlius..:
Concord . . !
Macon . . . !
Fairfleld. . |
Gould....j
Mineral . . !
Brawby
90
GO
235
43
73
21
95
70
Total ..i2,689
10,682
458
107
159
176 ...... $55,965
169 ......
208 ...... j
206 ......
67,635
71,350
78,090
204 $45,000! 75,050
95 i 30,000
151
254
244
40,000
520 70,700
269 1 81,190
64|
93 500
182 900
176 4,390
201 100
120
97
14,065
58,595
86,350
90,045
15,250
81,190
20,070
44,626
63,950
62,247
79,114
26,805
30,015
75,340
31.560
11,110
42,860
208
70
2,769
418
'"56
1,995
1,904
1,858
80
742
779
356
41,78
299
1,115
1,715
"556
50
8,778 ! 19,260 14,223 272,780 1,225,052 ! 20,007 i 83
4,395
Remarks. At the solicitation of several farmers, I have taken
the value of the products of Princeton township, which is
$140,950. Eleven other townships will figure as high, and
twelve will average $70,000, which would make the sum of
$2,531,400.
When we consider that there is not over one acre in twenty of
the tillable land of the county under cultivation, we are inclined
to believe that Bureau county cannot be excelled. If all the
land in the county was under cultivation and produced no more
than the crop of 1854, the result would be over $50,000,000.
Then add to that the value of live stock about $1,300,000, sup-
posing that would increase in the same ratio it would make
upward of $26,000,000 more, which would make the enormous
sum of $76,000,000.
The population of Sheffield is included in that of Concord
township, 580; Dover, 270; Lamoille, 212.
The census of Bureau cotfnty in 1850 was 8,841, showing an
increase of 10,319.
JAMES CORBETT, Dep. Com.
It will be observed that the above census was taken two
years ago. If we add the increase, based upon the same
ratio as the increase from 1850 to 1855, we now have a
population of more than 23,000, which is not far from
correct.
In regard to the "products of manufactures," we are
informed by the deputy commissioner that, in making out
his list, the manufacture of brick was accidentally omitted
from the figures relating to PRINCETON. Since then, also,
PRINCETON has had large additions in various branches of
manufactures, which will make these figures more than
five times as large, thus making a material difference.
OFFICIAL STATEMENT
Of the Amount of Taxes levied in the County of Bureau,
for the year 1856, for State, County, Town, Road and
School Purposes, &XJ.
State tax $34,645 90
County tax 20,681 11
Town tax 2,69316
Township school tax 9,784 60
District school tax 24,061 98
Road and bridge tax 1,557 63
District road tax 2,409 92
Corporation tax 2,237 85
Total amount $98,072 15
Of this amount the twenty-four townships in the county raise
the following proportions :
Brawby ... $1,593 60
Mineral 2,083 22*
Gold 1,202 86
Fairfield 1,663 30
Macon 2,488 85
Concord 3,850 45
Manlius 2,517 89
Greenville 1,901 09
Milo 4,193 29
Indiantown 4,38516
Centre 4,238 52
Bureau 3,585 29
Walnut 1,802 87
$2 806 1 7
Princeton . .
11 730 01
Dover .
3 325 81
Ohio
3 389 07
Leepertown
887 02
Selby
Berlin
4,040 14
4 949 55
Lamoille
3 970 54
Hall
2 962 60
Westfield
3 006 03
Clarion
3 895 46
Total for townships,
$80,468 79
NAMES OF POST OFFICES.
53
Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad $8,888 10
Chicago and Rock Island Railroad 7,976 13
Peoria and Bureau Valley Railroad 739 13
Total for railroads $17,603 36
Total amount of taxes raised for school purposes
Raised by towns and railroads $33,846 58
20 per cent of State tax 6,929 1 8
$40,775 76
Total valuation of taxable property, $5,185,4.22.
LIST OF THE POST OFFICES
IN BUREAU COUNTY.
Arispe.
Arlington.
Buda.
Dover.
Enon.
Hollowayville.
Lamoille.
Limerick.
Leepertown.
Maiden.
Milo.
Macon.
New Bedford.
Neponset.
Ohio.
Princeton.
Providence.
Selby Station.
Sheffield.
Tiskilwa.
Traxton.
Wyanet.
Walnut.
Yorktown.
BUSINESS DmECTORY,
STEVENS & McCONIHES,
GROCERIES, HARDWARE, QUEENSWARE,
HATS, CAPS,
PRODUCE, ETC.
THE BEST QUALITY OF
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS
CONSTANTLY ON HAND AND FOR SALE.
M M
THE HIGHEST MARKET PRICE PAID FOR
AND FOE GOOD WOOL.
JUSTUS STEVENS,
L. H. M C CONIHE,
j. M. MCCONIHE.
PRINCETON, ILL.
NEW ORDER OF THINGS!
WILLIAM CARSE,
DESPECTFULL Y announces to the people of Bureau County,
II that he has BEGUN BUSINESS ANEW, and is now
opening his
ENTIRE NEW STOCK,
Just received from New York, embracing a splendid
assortment of
STAPLE & JAM DRY GOODS,
GENTLEMEN'S FURNISHING GOODS,
READY-MADE CLOTHING,
And a large assortment of
BOOTS & SHOES, HATS & CAPS,
GROCERIES, HARDWARE,
A large lot of Table Cutlery, Crockery and Glass Ware,
of all sorts. WOODEN WARE Pails, Tubs, Brooms, Bas-
kets, &c. Also, a general assortment of
School Books, Stationery, &c.
In changing and extending my business, I respectfully ask the
attention of my old friends and the public generally, to my
NEW STOCK, believing that I can offer real inducements to
Cash purchasers. I have adopted the CASH system as being the
best for both Buyer and Seller, and intend to demonstrate that
Goods for CASH can and shall be sold twenty per cent, lower than
by any credit establishment in the State.
All kinds of Country Produce taken in exchange
for Goods.
The highest cash price paid for all kinds of Produce Wheat,
Corn, Pork, &c.
Call and see me before purchasing or selling elsewhere.
Princeton, Illinois.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
D. G. SALISBURY,
Wfyokmk anb Detail gcakr in
STAPLE AND FANCY
</
ALSO,
READY-MADE CLOTHING,
Ladies' Boots & Shoes, Millinery Goods and Carpets,
JUegf $ide of MOT Sfreef,
TWO DOORS SOUTH OP DR. WINTER'S DRUG STORE,
PRINCETON, ILLINOIS.
March, 1857.
H. J. EVERETT & CO.
DEALERS IN
GROCERIES, CLOTHING,
Boots, Shoes, Hats, Caps,
&c., &c., &c.,
Jflahi Street,
PRINCETON, ILL.
All kinds of PRODUCE Wanted.
58*
58
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
RAWSON BROTHERS,
Dealers in
GROCERIES,
BOOT!
ETC., ETC., ETC.,
IN THE AMERICAN HOUSE BUILDING,
BUREAU COUNTY, ILLINOIS
FARMERS' AND CITIZENS' STORE!!
J. RIALE & SON,
Have just opened A NEW STORE at the Depot, where they
are offering for sale a well-selected stock of
i t iiiiiiii,
HARDWARE & QUEENSWARE,
READY-MADE CLOTHING,
HATS & OAPS, BOOTS & SHOES,
&c., &c.
ALSO, DEALERS IN ALL KINDS OP
PRINCETON,
ILLINOIS.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
59
66
MRS. JANE F. HALE,
FANCY AND STAPLE GOODS :
JUD80N & HUNGER'S, CHICKERING'S, LADD & CO.'S, HALLET
& DAVIS' J. L. FISCHER'S, BOARDMAN &
GREY'S, and other
CELEBRATED PIANO FORTES
AND ALSO,
SEEAPHINES, MELODEONS &!GUITARS.
The above Pianos furnished at factory prices, with only freight
added, low for cash or good paper. Each of the above instru-
ments warranted to give satisfaction, or NO SALE.
STREET*
J. S. MULLINER,
Clothing made to order, and every article necessary to a complete
Furnishing Store for Gentlemen, constantly dn hand, and for sale at mode-
rate prices. All work warranted.
60
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
BUREAU COUNTY BANK,
KELSEY, WALLER & CO.
Collections made, and promptly remitted.
On New York, Boston, Philadelphia, St. Louis, Chicago.
~i li^rf^ rtii r net \QV\C\ Tt*/'ioiftH ^ifm ^/^^il^nn
cy)<jJJ> Uif ft'iyM'!^) e'^M'l" ^'f^ PvVJ|lfV,
And on Continental Europe, in sums to suit purchasers.
GOLD AND SILVER BOUGHT AND SOLD.
DRAFTS and CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT cashed
at best rates.
Money received on deposit, and interest allowed thereon by
special agreement.
Banking hours from 9 A. M. to 4 P. M.
C. L. KELSEY.
F. W. WALLER.
J. I/. KELSEY.
HULBURD, SHARP & CO.
PRINCETON, BUREAU COUNTY, ILL.
Gold and Silver Exchanged, and Uncurrent
Money Bought and Sold,
We are at all times ready to sell SIGHT DRAFTS on
New York and Chicago, in sums to suit purchasers.
Deposits, of any amount, from one dollar upwards, received.
Interest allowed on special deposits.
Collections made in our vicinity, at current rates of exchange,
and remitted promptly.
JOHN THOMPSON, Banker, ........ New York.
F. G. ADAMS, " ........ Chicago.
JOHN WOOLLEY, " ........ Indianapolis.
PRESTON, BONUS & .Co., " ........ Kewanee.
CULVER & Co., " ........ Chicago.
<T?
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
61
PEOPLE'S DRUG STORE.
BODLEY & WILSON,
aitir
Dealers in Paints, Oils, Varnishes, Camphene,
Turpentine, Brushes, Cigars and Fancy Articles ;
all of the popular Patent Medicines of the day.
Proprietors of DR. BODLEY'S FEVER AND
AGUE BALSAM, which is unequalled as a cure
for all Fevers of an Intermittent character. Garden, Field and
Flower SEEDS, constantly on hand. Agents for CLARK'S
FEMALE PILLS.
Princeton, Illinois.
A. R. BODLEY, M. D.
H. WILSON.
Dr. BODLEY will attend to calls in his profession. Office at the
Drug Store.
W. H. WINTER,
PRINCETON, ILLINOIS,
HAS A LARGE AND COMPLETE STOCK OF
DRUGS,
POINTS,
And all other articles in his line, which he will sell right
62
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
P. F. PACKARD,
i
HAS FOR SALE A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BEST QUALITY
upk, fete, ^ntjjor # f qpt SSattjjts,
IN GOLD AND SILVER CASES.
Fine gold Lockets, Seals, Keys, &c. ; fine gold Guard, Vest and
Fob Chains ; Cameo, Mosaic and plain gold Pins and Ear
Rings of the latest style ; Locket, Seal and other kinds of
Finger Rings ; Gent's Pins, Studs, Sleeve Buttons, &c. ;
Gold Pens, with gold and silver cases ; gold and silver
Pencil Cases ; gold, silver and blue steel Spectacles,
with glass of all kinds to suit different persons ; sil-
ver and plated tea, table and desert Spoons, su-
gar Shovels, Cream Ladles, Forks, Fruit and
Butter Knives, plated Tea-Services, Cake
Baskets, Castors, Cups, &c.; eight day and
thirty hour Clocks and time pieces; hair,
nail and tooth Brushes, Combs, &c.
Silver, German silver and plated
Thimbles, Scissors, Work-boxes,
Dressing-cases, portmonies, &c.
These goods are bought of the eastern manufacturers at low
prices and will be sold very cheap for cash, and warranted as
represented.
Watches, Clocks and Jewelry Repaired
In a superior manner by good workmen, and warranted.
1
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
63
A. S. & E. C. CHAPMAN,
GENERAL DEALERS IN
CHAIN and SUCTION PUMPS,
HEAVY AND SHELF
TIN, COPPER & SHEET-IRON WARE,
Kept on hand and made to order.
Two doors North of the American House Buildings,
3^C^.I3ST STREET,
PRINCETON, ILLINOIS.
64
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
JACOBS & WHITE,
Pminfaeiurcrs of
SHEET-IRON,
MAIN ST., PRINCETON, ILL.
All Jobs appertaining to the STOVE, TIN, COPPER and
SHEET-IRON business done with neatness and despatch.
Particular attention paid to TIN ROOFING and SPOUTING.
Old Brass, Copper, Iron and Rags taken in exchange for
Goods.
PRINCETOFFODNDRfT
MILLER & CHRITZMAN,
PRINCETON, ILL.
Panufattnrers of all kitvos of
ORNAMENTAL RAILINGS
BAM iil I)
S -A. S H "WE I OH T S ,
AND ALL, KINDS OF CASTINGS FOB BUILDINGS,
STOVES OF ALL KINDS, SLEIGH SHOES, &c.
Repairing of all kinds of Machinery promptly attended to.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
65
Baltimore Clothing House.
WOLF, BERGMAN <fc Co.
Keep constantly on hand, at Wholesale and
Retail,
A LAEfiE AND WEIL ASSORTED STOCK OF
AND
GENTLEMEN'S FURNISHING GOODS,
Main Street, near American House Block,
PRINCETON, ILL.
EAGLE CLOTHING STORE.
DERNHAM & ROSENSTRAUS
Have just opened a Splendid and well selected Stock of
READY-MADE CLOTHING,
Gents' Furnishing Goods,
O.AJPS 3
THE CHEAPEST UMBRELLAS, CARPET-BAGS AND TRUNKS
To be had in this section of country.
The above mentioned Goods will be sold cheaper than in any
Store in the State of Illinois. The Goods are cut and made after the latest
fashion and in a superior manner. We will clothe a man from TOP TO
TOE FOR A FIVE DOLLAR BILL, and give him some change back.
[7" Garments made to order and warranted to give satisfaction.
Store East side of Main, SI., Princeton, III.
N. B. We also have a Clothing Store and Tailor Shop in the flourishing
village of Wyanet, in this county.
3*
66
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
J. WALTER & CO.
S ANI MULtll
n
HATS, CAPS, &c.
West Side of Main Street, Three Doors South of
Dr. Winter's Dni Store,
PRINCETON,
ILLINOIS.
MORRISON & FISHER,
n
Groceries and Provisions,
FLOUR, FEED, &c.
PLOWS, &c.
One Door South of Winter's Drug Store,
Main Street,
B, The Hi-liest Market Price Paid for all kinds of Produce.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 67
MILTON T. PETERS. ROBERT FARWELL.
PETERS & FARWELL,
OFFICE, UP STAIRS IN NEW MERCANTILE BLOCK,
JfT^ll^r STIIEET,
NEARLY OPPOSITE THE AMERICAN HOUSE,
PRINCETON, BUREAU COUNTY, ILLINOIS.
IDE,
PRINCETON, BUREAU CO., ILJU,
Will practice in the Circuit and County Courts of Bureau
County, and the several Courts of this State. Will give strict
attention to the Collection of Claims, the Investigation of Land
Titles, and to Legal business generally. Office in Court House.
MILO KENDALL. GEORGE O. IDE.
JOHJST ~
aui, i{ti[n
- ID Xj ^V 1ST ID ^V C3r 33 IW T 7
PRINCETON, BUREAU CO., ILL.,
Office, North side of Public Square, fronting Court House,
Will give prompt attention to all legal business intrusted to his
care, in Common Law or Chancery ; to the purchase and sale of Lands in
Illinois, Missouri, Kansas and Iowa; to investigation of Military Bounty
Land Claims in the Military District in Illinois, Missouri or Arkansas, as well
as other titles ; to Claims in the War Department, and elsewhere, &c., &c.
CHARLES J. PECKHAM,
fflORIEl IT LAW,
OFFICE IN THE COURT HOUSE,
ILLI3STOIS.
W. MASTERS'
WORTH SIDE OF THE PUBLIC SQUARE,
TWO DOORS WEST OP MAIN STREET.
PEARL WHITE AMBROTYPES,
COMMON AMBROTYPES,
STEREOSCOPIC AMBROTYPES,
AMBROGRAPHS,
DAGUERREOTYPES,
And everything else new and beautiful in the Art, may be found
at this Gallery.
LIKENESSES
Taken in all kinds of weather, and put up in the very best
manner, and at reasonable prices.
A good assortment of plain and fancy CASES constantly on
hand, and fitted to order.
Pictures fitted to Lockets, Pins, &c., with neatness and dispatch.
INSTRUCTIONS given in all branches of the Art, and
Apparatus furnished, upon reasonable terms.
C^" A superior article of COLLODION furnished to neigh-
boring operators.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
69
W. C. ANTHONY, M.D.
OFFICE AND RESIDENCE, OPPOSITE THE JAIL,
PRINCETON, ILLINOIS.
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
PRINCETON, ILL.
A. E. GRIFFITHS, M.D.
PHYSICIAN & SURGEON,
Late LAZARETTO PHYSICIAN for the Port of Philadelphia,
Pa., ASSISTANT SURGEON U. S. Navy, Mem-
ber of the Medical Society of the State of
Delaware, &c., &c.
Residence and Office, Third Avenue, Church Street, 3d house
South of the Baptist Church, East side, Princeton, 111.
Calls attended to both night and day.
J. W. HARWOOD & GO.
EXCLUSIVELY,
West Side of Main Street, Princeton.
P. FAGERCRANTZ,
DEALER IN
CLOCKS AND JEWELRY,
MAIN STREET, ----- PRINCETON, ILL.
Repairing- J\"eatly Done and Warranted.
PRIESTLEY & CARPENTER,
DEALERS IN
Lumber, Lath, Shingles, Pickets,
DOORS, SASH, &C.
Opposite the Depot, Princeton, Illinois.
ORDERS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO.
C. M. PRIESTLEY. J. I. CARPENTER.
J. FETROW & CO.
DEALERS IN '
T TTTVTT
DOORS AND BLINDS,
A few Rods South of the Depot, - - - - Princeton, DL
The undersigned are prepared, at the old stand of Robinson &
Jones, to furnish the public with a variety of Choice Meats,
such as Beef, Pork, Mutton, Veal, Poultry, &c.
COLLETT & JONES.
highest price paid, in cash, for good Fat Cattle, Hogs,
Sheep, Calves and Poultry.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
71
P. W. & F. B. FERRIS,
OFFICE OVER D. G. SALISBURY'S STORE,
PRINCETON, - - - ILLINOIS.
N. B. "Work in EVERY BRANCH of DENTISTRY carefully and
thoroughly executed according to the latest and most
approved principles of the ART.
D. BRAINARD,
Is prepared with all the latest improvements to do all kinds of work in his
line ; cleaning, extracting and filling or setting Artificial Teeth
on fine Gold Plate, from one to an entire set, in a
neat and durable style.
Office over A. & M. Carse's Store, Main St., Princeton, HI.
All business promptly attended to in the most approved and acceptable
manner.
Wm. McKEE, Proprietor.
gt, te gqmnp
D| flam gt
A good Stable is attached to this House, and travelers'
teams will be well provided for.
GEORGE W. HATCH
HHAKES this opportunity of announcing to the public, that he is
JL now erecting a large and commodious brick building for the
business of Tanning, exclusively by
HIS NEW AND VALUABLE PROCESS OF
to fyift) in Septet, 1856.
This system of Tanning is purely vegetable. His patented
principle is not chemical; it has these characteristic features,
namely : It is a great preservative ; is inexhaustible ; is very
penetrative ; it costs nothing ; it enables the Tanner to turn his
capital four or five times, to once in the usual way ; and to make
better Leather, without additional cost, than by the usual mode
of tanning with bark. Not only so, but it also enables him to
use Terra Japonica, or any other vegetable tannins, with good
success and like results. Your advertiser is doing all his Tan-
ning here without the aid of bark.
He will sell RIGHTS OF TERRITORY, at wholesale to
speculators, or retail for local business, at very reasonable rates.
He will usually be found at his " Excelsior Tannery," or, when
absent, a competent agent will be left in his place.
He designs keeping constantly on hand all kinds of
J3UCH AS
Sole, Harness, Belt & Whang Leather,
FINDINGS, &c.,
Which he will sell as cheap as any house in the West.
We will pay the highest market price in cash for Hides.
All orders, accompanied by cash or Hides, promptly answered.
Our terms with all are, " Pay down ! ! and sell cheap ! ! !"
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
73
ISAAC B. SMITH,
BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, MAPS, DIRECTORIES, &c,
PUBLISHED ON SHORT NOTICE.
ORDERS FROM ABROAD PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO.
VxA*M\9
JOSEPH S. WILLIAMS,
ffiee in Ultrcaniile Slock, (% Stairs,)
PRINCETON, BUREAU COUNTY, ILLINOIS.
A. WHITMARSH,
PRINCETON, - - - ILLINOIS.
An experience of many years in the above business, in all its
details, both at the East and in the West, enables me to under-
stand the wants of builders, and give satisfaction to any who
may entrust business in my hands.
Orders for Drafting, by mail, faithfully attended to, and Plans,
Estimates, frc. furnished.
4
74
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
SOMETHING NEW AND VALUABLE!
SPAULDING'S
The undersigned are now prepared to contract for building the
above named newly invented
ELASTIC, EXPANSIVE AND CONTRACTIVE
WIKE FEMCE, '
which, for durability, utility and economy, is acknowledged to be
superior to any other now in use. Instead of the Key and Lever,
which is awkward in appearance and constantly liable to get out
of repair, we use a Spring, which answers every purpose, and
gives far greater satisfaction.
Cedar Posts, Five Wires, per rod, .................. 80 Cents.
" Four " " ................. 70 "
Three " " .................. 62 "
This may Certify, That I have on my farm, near Princeton, fifty rods
of Burk's Wire Fence, and 590 rods of Spaulding's Improved Win Fence ;
and I find the latter to be decidedly preferable to any other.
HARRY FIELD.
This is to Certify, That we, the undersigned, farmers of Bureau County,
have had an opportunity of thoroughly testing the new Improved Wire
Fence, manufactured by Spaulding & Smith, and we heartily concur in the
above testimony of Mr. -Field.
E. REASONER, J. V. COTRELL,
H. V. BACON, M. BURNHAM,
H. C. REASONER, GEORGE R. PHELPS.
Orders promptly attended to.
SPAULDING & SMITH,
Princeton, Bureau Co., 111.
GILBERT II. SPAULDING.
LUCIEN F. SMITH.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
75
S. D, HINSDALE,
GUNSMITH
PRINCETON, MX*---*-- ILLINOIS.
CONSTANTLY ON HAND AND FOR SALE,
BOBBLE BAEHEL SHOT SONS
:F:RO:M: $a TO $so.
Rifles made to order. Stencil Plates and Brands cut. 'Repairing done on
short notice.
S. J. LINDBARG,
Shop in the rear of Wester'* Store,
PRINCETON, ILL.
All kinds of Repairing and Job Work, in my line, done to order.
AND
toteale anfc lelail
6 ^
E, M. GARDINER,
MAIN STREET, PBIITCETON,
y(Mi
Which will be sold low for Cash, or good Notes on short time.
Q^" Everything in his line constantly on hand.
76
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
JAMES T. STEVENS
Keeps constantly on hand all kinds of Furniture, which he will
sell a little cheaper than any one else in Bureau county.
His Stock is very large and complete ; he buys directly of
the manufacturers in the Eastern cities, and will
warrant every article to be just as represented;
keeps always on hand a large assortment of
, Bmmuz,
LOUNGES, SINKS, CUPBOARDS,
WARDROBES,
Of eyery descriptiom. Also, has more
Than all the rest of Bureau county, and a very large assortment of
UPHOLSTERED WORK,
So&s, Eockers, Diians, Tcte-a-Tctes and Chirs in Sets-Mahogany & Rosewood,
AXD A SPLEN'BID ARTICLE OF
Manufactured under his own direction.
GIVE HIM A CALL AND EXAMINE FOR YOURSELVES.
Also, CHICKERLWS PI1508, the best Instrument mannfartored in Amenta.
Opposite New Mercantile Block, Main St., Princeton.
BUSIXES3 DIRECTORY.
77
uprnr up Tornr
m
AT THE YOFXG COLUMBUS,
No. 3 Columbus Street, - - Princeton.
LEYISEE & DAYIS,
JJlsratfottnrtrs of
Offer to the public, at their new Steam Factory, the
and BEST STOCK OF GOODS to be found in this part of the
State, consisting of a General Stock of FUBNITUBE,
to be sold at wholesale or retail.
TTJBNING AND WOBK DONE TO OBDEB.
COFMS AM) A HEABSE ALWAYS tt REABDfESS.
STOWELL & CO.
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
-A.3STID V-A-LISES,
Plastering Hair, Seats-Foot, Tanners', Sperm,
and Linseed Oils, and Turpentine.
MANUFICTCREES OP
HARNESSES, SADDLES. BRIDLES AND HALTERS.
Work made to order with neatness and despatch. Also, Trim-
ming Carriages. Repairing done at the shortest notice.
American House, No. 2, North Side Public Square,
PRINCETON, . - - - ILLINOIS.
J. STOTVELL.
JUSTUS STEVENS.
L. H.
J. M.
JOSIAH BOBBINS. JOSIAH BOBBINS, JR. THOMAS LAWSON.
ROBBINS, LAWSON & CO.
Near the Depot of the C,, B. & Q, Rail Road,
IK i iisr r> s
Constantly on hand and for sale
CUSTOM WORK DONE
ALL WORK WARRANTED.
The highest Market Price paid for GRAIN.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
79 1
A. L. DAVIS,
PRINCETON, ILL.
HAVING a Steam Engine and suitable Machinery, I am now
prepared to do all kinds of work in my line, such as
MATCHING AND DRESSING FLOORING;
pHflh]cj & jDiressfycj idtycj;
MAKING WINDOW & DOOR FRAMES;
And all kinds of
CARPENTER AND JOINER WORK, ftc,
Lumber Furnished for Building.
All Work warranted to give satisfaction.
J. W. NEIGHBOUR,
MANUFACTURER OF
VINEOAR, CIDER AND APPLES
At wholesale and retail. Orders from abroad promptly attended
to. Factory near the Depot, Princeton, Illinois.
sHz
=68!
80
BUSINESS DIEECTORY.
CHARLES N. PINE,
PUBLISHER OF THE
mm Cmmfj Senwcrat,
AND GENERAL
BOOK
JOB FHIITER,
., ILLI3STOIS.
His Office is furnished with a great variety of the best selection*
of Type of the latest styles, with excellent Presses, and everything
necessary to a complete Printing Establishment. Every particle
of the material in this Office is NEW, and the men employed here
are among the very best workmen in the West. It is, in short,
one of the best furnished Printing Offices any where in the inte-
rior of the State.
BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, POSTERS,
AND ALL KINDS OF
Show-Bills, Programmes, Ball Tickets, Circulars, Cards, Blanks of all Kinds,
AND ETERY SPECIES OF
Promptly and tastefully executed at reasonable rates.
0^~ There is no Office in this county, or in any county adjoin-
ing it, that can compete with this, either in the excellence of its
work or the extent of its newspaper circulation. All orders sent
by mail, or otherwise, promptly attended to.
CHARLES N. PINE, Proprietor and Editor.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
81
WetMy JYetctpapcr,
PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY,
BY CHARLES FAXON,
tt^" Advertisers will find this the BEST medium through which
to make known their business to the people of Bureau county.
JOB PRINTING.
CARDS,
Circulars,
TICKETS,
LABELS,
The Office of the Princeton Post is well supplied with
A large portion of which has been lately purchased, and is, for
all practical purposes, as good as new. We have, also, two
Washington Hand-Presses and a Yankee Machine Card Press,
(Oilman's patent,) which will print Cards, Circulars, Tickets,
Labels, etc., at the rate of One Thousand per Hour.
With these facilities, together with the best of workmen, and
twenty years experience in the business, we are able to furnish our
customers with work that cannot be surpassed in Bureau county,
and at the most reasonable prices.
In connection with our Office we have a Book-Bindery for
the execution of plain Binding.
CHARLES FAXON, Proprietor.
82
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
STIREET.,
Princeton, III.
The Best and Cheapest House in Town!
Having recently enlarged my Barn, I am now prepared to
furnish the best Stable accommodations also.
WILLIAM L. DAYTON, Proprietor.
MRS.
BONNETS AND HATS of the LATEST STYLE
Made to order. STRAW AND LEGHORN BONNETS
bleached and done up, without a trip to Chicago.
And French and Silk Embroidery. The latest Eastern styles re-
ceived monthly. All Work warranted to give satisfaction, and
Produce received in payment. Rooms on Main, near Peru St.
WILLIAM HARRIS,
MACHINE
STREET,
PRINCETON, ILL.
Boston Crackers, Soda Crackers, Butter
Crackers, &c. Also, Bread, Cakes and
Pies, furnished at short notice.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
83
FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL
AT THE
PERSIMMON GROVE NURSERY,
TWO MILES SOUTH OF PKINOETON.
The subscriber offers for sale
OO,OOO
From 2 to 5 years old, and of sizes to suit all customers.. The
quality of the trees and selection of varieties are not inferior to
those of any other Nursery in this part of the country. Also,
PEAR, PEACH, PLUM and CHERRY Trees, and all the
smaller fruits in great variety. A large assortment of EVER-
GREENS and other ORNAMENTAL TREES.
Shrubs, Climbers, Roses, Paeonies, Phloxes, Tulips, and
other plants usually kept in the best Nurseries. TERMS CASH.
For further particulars, see the Catalogue of the Nursery, which
will be furnished gratis to all applicants.
ARTHUR BRYANT.
"LAMOILLE NURSERY.
The subscriber has for sale at his Nursery, 75,000
i Apple Trees, of suitable size for orchard planting,
selected with particular reference to their adaptedness
to this soil and climate hardy, early, abundant bear-
ers ; free from lice, which I consider twenty per cent.
better than lousy trees furnished gratis. A supply of Cherry,
Pear and Plum Trees for the retail trade.* Choice GRAPE
VINES, CURRANTS, GOOSEBERRIES, BARBERRIES, RASPBER-
RIES, STRAWBERRIES, RHUBARB and ASPARAGUS ROOTS.
Evergreen Trees. The stock comprises several thous-
and Trees of White Scotch, and Austrian Pine, Balsam, Fir,
Norway and Black Spruce, Red Cedar, Hemlock and Arbor
Vitae, from six inches to six feet in height.
Mountain Ash, Silver Maple, Silver Abele, Butternut, Chest-
nut, Black Walnut, Golden Willow, Larch, Magnolias, and
other shade trees. A large collection of Roses, Honeysuckles,
Pseonies, Phloxes, Lillies, Veronicas, Youccas, etc.
Sweet Potato Sprouts ; Osage Orange, and Buckthorn seed,
and Plants for hedging. All orders from a distance carefully
packed at cost of materials used, and delivered at the railroad
station free of charge. Also, seed of the Chinese Sugar
Cane for gratuitous distribution to our cash customers.
SAMUEL EDWARDS.
LAMOILI-E. Bureau cornty, 111., April 1, 1857.
84
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
IS PUBLISHED EVERY FRIDAY BY
AT TISKIIiWA, BUREAU COUNTY, ILLINOIS.
Terms, $2.00 per annum, invariably in advance.
RATES OF ADVERTISING I
One column one year ............................... $40.00
Half " " " .............................. 25.00
Quarter " " " ............................... 15.00
One square, twelve lines or less, one week ............ 1.00
Each subsequent insertion ........................... 37
We have a well selected assortment of Jobbing Materials, and
will be able to execute every variety of
In a workmanlike manner, and with neatness and dispatch.
Orders for Job Work by Mail done with great Care aad Dispatch.
NEW
P1IMW
lAlluliiii
J..T. DAGLISH,
1 ID iSAIim PMITEI,
PAPER-HANGER AND DECORATOR,
Tiskilwa, Bureau County, Illinois.
PAINTING IN WHITE, ZINC
China Gloss or Porcelain Enamel, Fresco, Calsomine, &c.
ORMMENTAl PAPER-HMGIM IN All ITS BRMCHES.
SHOP ON MAIN STREET.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 85
SHEFFIELD COAL!
FOB SALE AT THE COAL MINES OF THE
SHEFFIELD
ining attfr Cransprtaitei
COMPANY,
(LOCATED ON TH CHICAGO AND ROCK ISLAND BAIL ROAD,)
ONE QUARTER OF A MILE WEST OF SHEFFIELD.
The unprecedented sale of Coal at our Bank during the past
winter, reaching at times as high as one hundred tons per day,
proves conclusively that the citizens of Bureau county are, in a
measure, realizing the fact that Coal is indisputably the
CHEAPEST & BEST FUEL IN USE.
The following table has been prepared from estimates made
and carefully proved by the managers of different railroads in
this vicinity, viz., that 1 ton of Coal is equivalent to 2 and 6-10ths
cords of Wood ; estimating the Coal at $2,00 per ton, and Wood
at $3,00 per cord, we find :
1 ton of Coal, at $2.00, equal to 2 6-10 cords of Wood, at $3,00 $7.80
1 " " 3.00, " 2 6-10 T " " 7.80
1 " " " 4.00, " 2 6-10 " " " 7.80
1 " " " 5.00, " 2 6-10 " " t% 7.80
An examination of this table will show at a glance the im-
mense saving gained by the use of Coal.
We propose erecting, during the coming season, a Mammoth
Building, capable of holding
Several Thousand Tons of Coal!
For the purpose of protecting our Coal from the effects of the
atmosphere. A large amount of Coal will always be kept on
hand ; our customers can therefore rely upon always finding a
permanent supply.
COKE! COKE!!
Coke is an article prepared from Coal, in much the same man-
ner as Charcoal is from wood ; the sulphur gases and other im-
purities are driven off by the action of heat the pure carbon is
left ; it (the Coke) burns in much the same manner as anthra-
86 BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
cite coal, gives an intense heat, with but little flame and smoke.
On account of its extreme cleanliness and the other peculiar pro-
perties mentioned, it is especially adapted for the use of families
(in their parlor stoves, for cooking, &c.) blacksmiths and manufac-
turing purposes. It is sold at the low price of
14 Cents per Bushel!
And at that figure is quite as cheap as Coal, taking as it does two
bushels of Coal to make one of Coke.
Among the many advantages arising to purchasers from the
use of Coal and Coke, the following may be enumerated :
1st. The Coal and Coke is weighed, not measured.
2nd. They are carefully screened.
3rd. Coal of the same quality is sold by us from one to three
cents per bushel cheaper than by any other Company.
A LARGE SUPPLY ALWAYS ON HAND.
Orders Solicited. H. C. PORTER, AGENT.
D^" The following should have appeared in the history of
the County, but the advertisement came too late, and we are
compelled to insert it here.
We would call the attention of our readers to the Ad-
vertisement of this enterprising Company, as given above.
It was organized about four years ago, and is composed of
some of the most prominent and energetic men of this
State and Iowa. The works are carried on on the most
extensive scale and in the most systematic manner. When
the demand warrants it, this Company can raise 200 tons of
coal per day ; at present there are employed about 40 men,
and the mining progresses at the rate of 80 to 100 tons
daily. Every Company organized and carried on for the
purpose of furnishing cheap arid good fuel, deserves well
of our citizens. We commend this Company to those who
use coal for fuel, (and the number is and must be increas-
ing every year, ) as one every way worthy of their con-
fidence and support.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
87
1857.
1857.
IT is acknowledged by all who have traveled over this Road, to
be one of the best in the country, passing through the finest
portion of Illinois, and the flourishing Towns of
Aurora, Mendota, PRINCETON, Kewanee,
Galva and Galesburg.
PASSENGKER TRAINS
LEAVE THE * CENTRAL DEPOT,
Foot of South Water Street, Chicago,
EVERY MORNING AND EVENING, ( Sunday Mornings
excepted,) connecting at Mendota with Illinois Central R. R.,
North and South ; at Galesburg, with Northern Cross R. R: for
Quincy ; and at Burlington, with Burlington and Missouri River
Rail Road.
TRAINS ALSO LEAVE
BURLINGTON FOR CHICAGO
EVERY MORNING AND EVENING,
(Sunday Mornings Excepted.)
Tickets can be procured at the Depot, and at the Michigan
Central R. R. Office, corner of Lake and Dearborn Streets.
C. G. HAMMOND, Sup't.
SAMUEL POWELL, General Ticket Agent.
88 BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
NEW TREATMENT.
"WHY WILL YE DIE!"
WELLS' PECTORAL SYRUP,
FOR
COUGHS, COLDS AND CONSUMPTION,
OR
ANY DISEASE OF THE LUNGS,
IS THE MOST PERFECT
CHEMICAL COMBINATION OF ACTIVE AGENTS,
la a safe form, ever known. The astonishing cures it effects
renders it a duty to make its merits known. Thousands have
been restored to ROBUST HEALTH after the old system had been
tried till on the brink of the grave. Try it.
Price, $1 per Bottle, or $5 per Half Dozen.
TO STOCK OWNERS.
If you wiih to have healthy, vigorous, fat and smooth animals,
use
Wells' German Condition Powder,
Which prevents and cures diseases of
HORSES, CATTLE, MULES AND SHEEP,
The recipe was procured from a celebrated
GERMAN VETERINARY SURGEON,
Who used it in his private practice for more than forty years suc-
cessfully. See Wells' Almanac each successive year,
in the hands of Agents, Free.
Price 25c., 50c., and $1 per Package.
E. M. WELLS, PROPRIETOR, CHICAGO.
The above Medicines are Sold by Dealers in Medicines in all
Cities and Towns in the West.
-=6*0
BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 89
CHICAGO MAGAZINE.
Witti w it is.
THIS MAGAZINE WILL, BE
fifyic^go, dtfesfeh)
MONTHLY. IN SIZE, LARGE OCTAVO.
Containing at least One Hundred Pages of Matter.
In Double and Single Columns. Each number will be copiously
ILLUSTRATED, and will contain at least 32 pages devoted to
AN ILLUSTRATED HISTORY OP CHICAGO, WITH PORTRAITS AND
BIOGRAPHIES OP HER BUILDERS AND PRESENT PROMINENT CIT-
IZENS the men whose united energy has, in a period of twenty
years, changed tfie Rude Fort beyond the verge of civilization, to a
Mighty City, metropolis of an empire vast in extent, boundless
in resources. Each number will contain also, A HISTORY, ac-
companied by a beautifully engraved, full page view of some other
Prominent Western City, with Notices of its Prominent Men.
A large proportion of its pages will be devoted to general
Literary matter of the choicest character, original, by our best
writers.
0^" CONTRIBUTIONS from Writers of acknowledged
ability are solicited ; if used, they will be liberally paid for.
A Monthly Record of Current Western Events, with a Synopsis
of Commercial Intelligence, will accompany each number; No-
tices of New Publications, with a List of those forwarding copies
of Works to the Institute for its Library, etc., etc.
The publishers aim to connect with the above a Mechanical
and Scientific Department, which shall embrace all the varied
information on subjects properly under those heads constantly
occurring, condensed, and placed in attractive popular form.
Its day of publication will be the 15th of each month, thus
being intermediate of all the other Monthlies.
OF- It will contain an ADVERTISING SUPPLEMENT,
to the pages of which we invite the attention of dealers of all
classes wishing to circulate notices of their business throughout
the West.
Terms. $3.00 per year in advance. It may be obtained of
Booksellers and Periodical Dealers, or from the Publishers. The
Postage to any distance will not exceed 6 cents per quarter.
Address " Chicago Magazine," 148 Lake Street, Chicago, 111.
JOHN GAGER & CO.,
Publishing Agents for Chicago Mechanics 1 Institute.
ISAAC B. S7HTH, Publisher, Princeton, is authorized to
procure subscriptions, and act as Agent for the Chicago Magazine.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
CHARLES SCOTT,
STERZ2O
AND BINDER,
HILLIARD'S BLOCK,
Corner of Clark and South Water Streets,
CHICAaO, ....... ILLINOIS.
mm, m & mm
In the first style of the Typographic Art, from an Address Card
of a single line, to a volume of the largest size, and on
as reasonable terms as any first class printing
establishment in the West.
BOOK BINDING AND RULING.
PERIODICALS of any publication bound in the most fancy or
substantial styles, in Calf, Extra, Gilt, Morocco, or
in the Splendid Antique Style.
BLANK BOOKS RULED AND BOUND TO ANY PATTERN.
CHUBS'
NO. 103i RANDOLPH STREET, CHICAGO.
Employing none but the First Artists, we are prepared
to Execute in a Style unsurpassed, all
cm & m MI mm & PRIITII,
SE-A.J1, -A.1STJD STE3STOIL CTJTTI3STGJ-.,
STEEL PUNCHES, DOOR PLATES, Etc.
P. O. BOX 83-
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
91
VOL. VI.
HEW AND IMPROVED VOLUME, JAN. 1857.
JAMES CHALLEN, ZSditor.
ASSISTED BY THE BEST WRITERS.
EACH NUMBER WILL CONTAIN A
NPtpj STiEL ENGRAVING.
One Copy, one Tear, $1 ; six Copies, $5 ; twenty-one Copies,
$15. Any one can act as Agent on these terms. Heavy
discount to Local and Traveling Agents.
BOOKS PUBLISHED AND SENT, POST-PAID, FROM THIS OFFICE.
CHRISTIAN EVIDENCES. By JAMES CHALLEN. The
design of this book may be seen from the table of contents :
I. Introductory Chapter. II. Miracles Their Necessity and
Design. III. Introduction of Christianity A Demonstration
for its Truth. IV. Eeasons assigned by Infidels for its Prop-
agation. V. The Church a witness for the Truth of Christ-
ianity. VI. Spiritual Gifts Demonstrated by the Early and
Rapid Spread of Christianity.
"THE GOSPEL AND ITS ELEMENTS." By JAMBS
CHALLEN. This work is designed to show the Origin and
Reasons of the Reformation as plead by the Disciples, and to
develop the Elements of the Gospel. Printed on the finest
paper, 208 pages. Price of each of the above works, post-
paid muslin, 37 cents per copy, or three copies, $1. Paper,
25 cents per copy, or five copies, $1. Remit post-office stamps.
" UNION OF CHRISTIANS " and DEATH OF CHRIST.
By WALTER SCOTT. Paper, 30 cents ; muslin, 40 cents, post-
paid.
J. CHALLEN & SONS, Publishers,
PHILADELPHIA, PA,
92
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
FOR BOYS AND GIRLS I
GRACE GREENWOOD'S
WILL BEGIN A NEW VOLUME WITH JAN. 1857,
When the form will be changed to sixteen large octavo pages.
" No household in the land that God has blessed with children,
ought to be without the LITTLE PILGRIM."
THE TIME TO SUBSCRIBE IS NOW.
Single copies, for one year ................ ........ 50
Five copies for .................................. $2.00
Fourteen copies, and one to getter-up of club, for ---- 5.00
Twenty-four copies, and one to getter-up of club, for 8.00
Fifty copies for ................................ 15.00
Mltcaj/* Payable in *<ti-attce,
Q^~ Specimen copies will be sent, free of charge, to all who
may request them. Address, post-paid,
LEANDER K. LIPPENOOTT,
66 South Third street, Philadelphia.
FORRESTER'S
Boys' and Girls' Magazine
IFOIR 1857-
This Magazine is no trashy and irresponsible catch-penny to
get away the children's money, but is a beautiful, pure, instruc-
tive and well established Monthly for the Young and the fire-side.
It is, in fact, an institution of the country. In January it enters
upon its NINETEENTH VOLUME and tenth year of publication.
Always popular, it is now recognized as the
STANDARD JUVENILE MONTHLY.
Suffice it to say, it will preserve the same general character as
heretofore, with persistent .effort to make each department still
more perfect.
Term*, $1 per \'car in Advance.
To CLUBS. For $3 at one time, we will send the Magazine to
four subscribers. For $7 at one time, we will send the Magazine
to ten subscribers. For $10 at one time, we will send the Mag-
azine to fifteen subscribers. For $15 at one time, we will send
the Magazine to twenty-four subscribers.
BINNEY & RAND,
36 Washington Street, Boston.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
93
PROSPECTUS OP
A FAMILY NEWSPAPER, .
I> e votd to Home Interest*, Morality, the cause or Freedom
and Temperance, Education, Agriculture ; Religious
Domestic and Foreign Intelligence.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY AT GALVA, HENRY COUNTY, ILL
To be 24x36 inches in size, (seven columns to a page), and printed on
new and handsome type.
Its columns will be open to all political parties. The first No.
will be issued about the last of May or the first of June. Sub-
scriptions to be paid within three months after issuing the first
number.
It will be the aim of the proprietors to furnish a good, reliable
Family Newspaper, which will exert a healthy influence in favor
of high-toned morality and, general reform, and be a welcome
visitor at every fire-side circle.
Connected with the above newspaper, there will be provided a
new and complete
Enabling us to fill all orders in this line to the satisfaction of
customers. The type and materials will be entirely new, and of
the latest styles.
Orders for BOOK and JOB WORK by mail, attended to with
great care and dispatch.
I. B. SMITH & CO,
GALVA, Henry Co., III., April 10th, 1857.
ENGRAVINGS, ETC.
OUR ENGRAVINGS, ETC.
We are somewhat disappointed in our View of Princeton, as
it hardly does justice to the town, inasmuch as the point from
which the Daguerreotype copy was taken was distant. We could
find no better point from which to take it, and, consequently, have
done the best we could. We think, however, that it compares
well with similar views of other places.
The engravings of the American House and Court House, will,
we think, speak for themselves.
We trust that the reader will not fail to notice our Advertising
pages, and we take pleasure in recommending the Business Men
who advertise as being the men of enterprise, and the life of our
community. To these, and to Messrs. Pine and Faxon of the
" Democrat " and " Post/' as well as to our " knowing friends,"
among the " old settlers," we would return our thanks for many
favors heartily granted.
The difficulties in the way of getting up a reliable work of
this kind, particularly the statistical portion, are hardly appreci-
able by those who have not been engaged in similar enterprises,
and on this account, we beg the indulgence of all classes in this,
our first attempt ; but we accord with pleasure the meed of praise
to those business firms and private individuals who have cheer-
fully aided us in the undertaking. These have shown, by this
act, not alone their good will to us, but their far-seeing sagacity ;
for every well-considered and truthful statement of the business
and industry of any place, scattered freely among the community,
must largely tell upon the increased facilities of trade, and the
interest felt in developing its resources.
To any who are disposed to find fault because their names do
not appear in their proper places, we would say, we made a
special published request, that all whom we failed to call upon,
would hand in their names by a certain time, and those who were
gentlemanly enough to comply with the request (in season) have
received their reward.
=68
CONTENTS INDEX.
95
COISTTE^TTS.
ILLUSTRATIONS PAGI
View of Princeton, facing Title.
" American House 23
" Court House 46
Early Settlement of Princeton . . 5-9
Indian War 9-20
Railroads 20-22
Stores, Hotel, etc 22-25
Grain Statistics 25, 26
Lumber Trade, Fuel 27
Table of Railroad Freight Receipts 28
Business Statistics 29
Names of Persons engaged in
Business 30-34
Churches 35-37
Schools... ...38
PAG*
Character of the Citizen! 39
Incorporation, etc 40
Meteorological Tables 41, 42
Concluding Remarks 43
Table of Distances 44
SKETCH OF BUREAU COUNTY . .45-49
Report of School Commissioner
of the County, for 1855-6 ... .60
Census of County, for 1855 61
Amount of Taxes for 1856. . . .52, 53
Names of Post Offices in County 53
Notice of the Sheffield Mining
and Transportation Co 86
BUSINESS DIRECTORY 65-94
INDEX TO ADVERTISERS.
PKINCETON .
NAMES. BUSINESS.
ANTHONY, W. C., M.D ...... Homoeopathist
BODLEY & WILSON .......... Druggists & Apothecaries
Dentist
PAGE
69
... 61
BBAINARD, D ............... Dentist ................................... 71
BRYANT, ARTHUR ........... Persimmon Grove Nursery ................ 83
CARSE, WILLIAM ............ Dry Goods, &c ........................... 56
CHAMBERLAIN, WM. 0., M.D. Physician and Burgeon ................... 69
CHAPMAN, A. S. & E. C ..... Stoves, Iron, &c ......................... 63
COLLBTT & JONIS ........... Princeton Market ........................ 70
DAVIS, A. L ................ Sash, Doors and Blinds ................... 79
DAYTON, WM. L ............ Proprietor Monroe House ................. 82
DBRNHAM & ROSENSTRAUS . . .Eagle Clothing Store ...................... 65
EVERETT, H. J. & Co ....... Dry Goods, &c ........................... 57
FAOIRCRANTZ, P ............ Swede Jewelry Store and Watch Shop ...... 70
FAXON, CHAS ............... Printer, and Publisher " Princeton Post ". . 81
FERRIS, P. W. & F. B ....... Dentists ................................. 71
FETROW, J. & Co ........... Lumber, Lath, &c ....................... 70
FOSTER, R. B ............... Bookseller and Stationer ............. cover 4
GAMWELL, J. W., M.D ...... Physician ................................. 69
GARDINER, E. M ............ Tobacco and Segars ....................... 75
GRIFFITHS, A. E., M.D ...... Physician and Surgeon .................. 69
GRIMES, J. M ............... Attorney ................................ 67
HALE, MRS. JANI F ......... Millinery, &c ............................ 69
HARRIS, WILLIAM ........... Machine Baker .......................... 82
HARWOOD. J. W. & Co. ______ Boots and Shoes ......................... 62
HATCH, Go. W ............. Excelsior Tannery ........................ 79
HINSDALE, S. D ............. Gunsmith ..................... ......... ..76
HULBURD, SHARP & Co ...... Bankers . . , .............. V ---- 60
&'
96 DsDEX TO ADVERTISERS.
PABBOCK ft SBAXAV .flt Hardware, te.
ftr
Purj < " EA I V
PKBXUT ft CAKHXHE . . . .Lumbar, Lath, ft*.
BAVSOX BSOTKDES Dry Goods, fte. o
BXAU,J. ftSov Dry Goods, fte. 56
Bonois. LAWSOX ft Co.... Princeton City liais 78
SAUBBCET.D.G Dry Goods, fte 57
8nrn.I B Geaexal PaMbber of Books, Maps, fte 73
8TAru>DGft gwra ....Improred Wire Fence 74
ftMoCoxnos Dry Goods, fte. 55
Furniture: 76
Saddlery, Hardware, fte. 77
Drapers and Tailor* w8
Carpenter and Drafts****. . 73
8......... Attorney at Law 78
fte..
Fou^BzMKAVft Co..... Baltinwre Clotfainc House 65
LAMOILLE.
TI8KILWA.
J-T. Painter mm* Paper Hangar . ..... . .^ 84
t Hheflald XbdK aad Trans. Co. . . .86, 86
GALVA.
Proprietors of the Galra W
Pectoral Sjmp, t.
PHILADELPHIA.
B08TOM.
Bomrft BA rrtflJuiiiTiiinilii'iiriiji'l niili'Mu
