Skip to main content

Full text of "Some master-keys of the science of notation; a sequel to Philosophy and fun of algebra"

See other formats 


SOME  MASTER  KEYS 
OF  THE 
SCIENCE  OF 
NOTATION 


IN  MEMORIAM 
FLORIAN  CAJORI 


SOME   MASTER-KEYS    OF   THE 
SCIENCE   OF   NOTATION 


WORKS  BY 
MARY    EVEREST    BOOLE 


LOGIC  TAUGHT  BY  LOVE.    35.  6d.  net. 
MATHEMATICAL    PSYCHOLOGY    OF 

GRATRY  AND  BOOLE  FOR  MEDICAL 

STUDENTS.    35.  6d.  net. 
BOOLE'S  PSYCHOLOGY  AS  A  FACTOR  IN 

EDUCATION.    6d.  net. 
THE  MESSAGE  OF  PSYCHIC  SCIENCE  TO 

THE  WORLD.     35.  6d.  net. 
MISTLETOE  AND  OLIVE,     is.  6d.  net. 
Miss   EDUCATION   AND   HER   GARDEN. 

6d.  net. 

PHILOSOPHY   AND   FUN    OF   ALGEBRA. 

2s.  net. 

SYMBOLICAL  METHODS  OF  STUDY. 

35.  6d.  net. 
SUGGESTIONS  FOR  INCREASING  ETHICAL 

STABILITY.    2s.  6d.  net. 
A  WOODWORKER  AND   A  TENTMAKER. 
is.  6d.  net. 

THE  FORGING  OF  PASSION  INTO  POWER. 

55.  net. 

WHAT  ONE  MIGHT  SAY  TO  A  SCHOOL- 
BOY.    6d.  net. 


C.  W.  DANIEL. 


SOME   MASTER-KEYS 

OF  THE  SCIENCE  OF 

NOTATION 

A   SEQUEL   TO 
"PHILOSOPHY   AND   FUN   OF   ALGEBRA " 


BY 
MARY  EVEREST  BOOLE 


LONDON 
C.   W.   DANIEL 

3  Amen  Corner,  B.C. 
1911 


CAJOR1 


CONTENTS 
PART   I 

PAGE 

INTRODUCTION            ......  J 

MUSICAL    AND    ARITHMETICAL    NOTATION  .             .  IO 

THE    SPIRAL    OF    ASCENT  .             .             .             .             .  15 

SERPENT- WORSHIP     AND    THE     SERPENT     HORROR  1 9 

THE    PATH    OF    A    PLANET            ....  22 

THE  TREE         .......  24 

THE    COMPASS              ......  26 

THE  MICROSCOPE       ......  29 

PARTIAL  SOLUTIONS 3! 

THE   ORIGIN    OF    RELIGIOUS    PERSECUTION    .             .  34 

THE    SINS   OF    CCERULEA      .....  40 

THE    TASSEL    .......  43 

LAMPLIGHT    OR    SUNLIGHT            ....  44 

ADONAl'    MALACH      ......  47 

TRANSFORMED    EQUATIONS           ....  49 

REFERENCES    TO  OTHER    BOOKS.             .             .             .  51 

S 


CONTENTS 


PART  II 

PAGE 

INTRODUCTION           .                                       .  53 

A   VISION    OF    THE    SCIENTIFIC   CHRIST            .  .             56 

THE    ATHANASIAN    CREED            ...  .62 

PARAPHRASE    OF  THE    ATHANASIAN    CREED  .             68 

AFTERWORD        .  .         76 


SOME  MASTER-KEYS  OF  THE 
SCIENCE  OF  NOTATION 

Part  I 

A  TEACHER  took  a  class  of  little  children  into  the 
wood,  caught  a  toad  and  put  him  into  the  middle 
of  the  group,  saying  :  "Our  lesson  to-day  is  to 
be  about  toads.  But  I  know  nothing  about  toads  ; 
someone  else  will  give  you  the  lesson." 

One  child  said  :  "  I  suppose  God  will  give  us 
the  lesson."  Another  interposed  :  "  7  think  the 
toad  will." 

Both  children  were  right.  The  second  repre- 
sented the  materialistic,  the  first  the  spiritual, 
aspect  of  the  same  fact.  The  fact  was  that  the 
teacher  knew,  and  her  class  were  fast  learning, 
the  Science  of  Notations.  This  science  cannot 


G   MASTER-KETS 


be  taught  in  words.  _The  possibility  of  learning 
it  depends  on  a  habit  of  seeing  spiritual  law 
revealed  in  physical  fact. 

The  following  series  of  papers  is  addressed  to 
such  readers  as  are  taking  seriously  the  duty  of 
helping  the  rising  generation  to  utilise  the  light 
thrown  by  science  on  problems  of  mental  guidance, 
and  to  handle  to  good  purpose  those  great  historic 
master-keys  of  the  science  of  notation  by  means 
of  which  the  masters  of  the  art  of  thinking  speak 
to  each  other  across  time,  space,  and  the  barriers 
to  mutual  understanding  which  are  created  by 
differences  of  heredity,  environment  and  mode 
of  life. 

Those  who  expect  to  find  here  either  ethical 
propaganda  or  spiritual  consolation  will,  it  is  to 
be  feared,  be  disappointed.  The  aim  of  the 
present  writer  is  the  humbler  one  of  helping  a 
few  students  to  read  between  the  lines  of  any 
sort  of  exhortation  or  consolation  which  may  be 
addressed  to  them,  and  to  judge  for  themselves 
whether  its  tendency  is  genuinely  what  it  purports 
to  be. 


OF   THE   SCIENCE   OF  NOTATION 

Disappointment  also  awaits  anyone  who  expects 
to  learn  from  my  mere  words.  The  student  must 
make  clear  mind-pictures  of  the  objects  them- 
selves, let  the  impression  of  them  soak  through 
his  conscious  mind,  down  into  his  unconscious 
mind,  and  rest  there  till  God  sends  the  interpre- 
tation "  while  he  sleeps  "  ;  not  all  at  once,  but  at 
successive  stages  of  his  mental  development  ;  as 
much,  each  time,  as  he  is  fit  at  the  time  to  receive. 

For  this  reason  the  student  had  better  read  only 
a  small  portion  on  any  one  day^  unless  he  already 
has  some  experience  in  translating  the  technical 
notation  of  one  science  or  art  into  the  terminology 
of  other  sciences  and  arts. 


MUSICAL  AND  ARITHMETICAL 
NOTATION 

Music  is  written  on  a  stave  of  five  lines.  The 
stave,  loaded  with  notes,  gives  an  idea,  true, 
though  not  complete  or  accurate,  of  the  mutual 
relation  of  the  notes  ;  but  gives  no  indication  of 
the  actual  pitch  of  the  notes.  The  composer  may 
have  meant  them  to  be  taken  in  the  treble,  alto, 
or  bass,  for  all  that  the  score  itself  conveys.  At 
the  beginning  of  the  song  or  piece,  there  is  a  sign 
called  the  Clef  Signature,  which  determines  the 
pitch  of  the  notes,  the  part  of  the  keyboard  or 
register  at  which  they  are  to  be  taken. 

But  some  of  the  notes  may  be  intended  to  be 
more  sharp  or  more  flat  than  is  indicated  on  the 
stave.  If  so,  notice  is  given  by  another  sign  at 
the  beginning,  called  the  Key  Signature.  If  there 
is  no  key  signature,  it  is  customary  to  assume  that 
the  piece,  if  rendered  on  a  piano  or  harmonium, 
is  to  be  played  entirely  on  the  white  (or  so-called 

10 


MUSICAL  AND  ARITHMETICAL  NOTATION 

"  natural ")  keys,  except  where  otherwise  specially 
indicated  in  the  stave  itself.  Be  it  observed  that 
the  so-called  "  natural "  notes  are  no  more  natural 
than  the  flats  or  sharps  ;  the  general  public  think 
they  are  so  because  they  are  called  so  ;  but  the 
whole  arrangement  is  a  matter  of  pure  convention 
and  general  taking  for  granted. 

Well,  now  let  us  imagine  the  case  of  a  beautiful 
tune  written  in  the  key  of  E,  which  should  have 
four  sharps  in  its  key  signature.  And  suppose  it 
were  desired,  for  some  reason,  to  make  the  public 
dislike  that  song.  All  that  would  be  necessary 
would  be  to  cause  it  to  be  printed  without  a 
key  signature,  or  with  an  incomplete  one  which 
expressed  one,  two,  or  three  sharps  only. 

The  general  reader  would  try  over  the  tune, 
taking  more  of  the  notes  natural  than  the  com- 
poser intended  (or,  if  there  were  no  key  signature, 
taking  all  the  notes  natural)  ;  would  find  the  tune 
jarring  and  ugly  ;  would  throw  it  aside  and  think 
no  more  about  it.  A  musical  expert  would  see 
at  once  that  something  was  wrong  with  the  key 
signature  ;  and  would,  in  a  very  few  minutes,  be 

ii 


SOME  MASTER-KETS 


able  to  tell  the  true  key  note.     But  the  general 
public,  not  being  experts,  would  fail  to  do  so. 

In  the  case  of  a  musical  tune,  it  is  most  un- 
likely that  any  such  trick  should  be  played  ;  there 
exists  no  adequate  motive.  In  matters  of  legis- 
lation, politics,  and  what  is  known  as  diplomacy, 
there  is  every  motive  for  deception.  Musical 
notation  supplies  us  with  a  clear  indication  of 
how  the  thing  is  managed  without  anyone  being 
convicted  of  having  uttered  or  written  a  word  that 
is  not  true.  The  public  can  always  be  trusted  to 
gull  and  deceive  itself  by  taking  for  granted  things 
for  which  no  evidence  exists. 

A  lady  once  lost  her  character,  for  a  time, 
owing  to  someone  writing  of  her  thus  :  "  She 
drinks  ;  she  is  no  better  than  she  should  be  ;  and 
she  hadn't  a  rag  to  her  back  when  she  married." 

Each  of  the  statements  was  literally  true  ;  but 
the  man  who  received  the  letter  read  into  them 
more  than  was  actually  said.  The  writer  had 
omitted  to  give  the  key  signature — viz.,  an  indi- 
cation as  to  whether  the  words  were  to  be  taken 
in  the  literal  or  the  slangy  sense. 

12 


MUSICAL  AND  ARITHMETICAL  NOTATION 

For  the  benefit  of  those  who  cannot  read  music, 
we  will  now  take  an  instance  from  the  domain  of 
arithmetical  notation. 

The  figures  725  express  number  only  ;  they 
contain  no  indication  of  the  value  of  the  things 
numbered.  But  if  we  see  the  mark  £  before  the 
number,  we  know  that  the  number  has  to  do  with 
money  ;  and  that  some  at  least  of  the  coins  indi- 
cated are  English  sovereigns.  The  £  may  be 
called  the  Clef  Signature,  which  shows  us  vaguely 
our  whereabouts. 

The  expression  £725  may  indicate  either  seven 
pounds  two  shillings  and  five  pence,  or  seven 
hundred  and  twenty-five  pounds,  according  to 
whether  the  letters  s  and  d  are,  or  are  not,  written 
over  the  2  and  5  respectively.  If  they  are  present 
they  constitute  the  special  key  signatures  of  the 
figures  over  which  they  are  written.  If  a  clerk, 
in  copying,  should  omit  the  s  and  d^  he  changes 
seven  pounds  two  shillings  and  five  pence  into 
seven  hundred  and  twenty-five  pounds.  He  makes 
his  statement  misleading,  without  making  one 
stroke  of  the  pen  which  was  not  in  the  original,  by  a 

13 


SOME   MASTER-RETS 


simple  omission.  What  is  far  more  curious  is  this : 
— the  omission  changes  the  value  of  the  7,  the  key 
signature  of  which  is  truly  inserted,  to  a  greater 
extent  than  it  changes  the  value  of  the  2  and  the 
5,  whose  key  signatures  are  omitted. 

The  laws  of  notation  are  in  some  respects  best 
illustrated  by  a  reference  to  music  and  to  number  ; 
because  the  subject-matter  is  simple  and  the  symbols 
f  compact  and  small,  so  that  a  great  many  can  come 
at  once  under  the  eye.  But  the  laws  are  universal ; 
they  are  laws,  not  of  number  or  sound,  but  of  the 
machinery  by  means  of  which  man  thinks.  Words 
may  be  used  as  notes  ;  so  may  plants  or  animals. 
So  also  may  the  facts  of  history,  biology,  electricity, 
or  political  economy  ;  or  any  other  science.  So 
may  any  group  of  provisional  working  hypotheses. 
In  all  departments  alike  the  most  successfully 
enslaving  diplomacy  is  carried  on,  the  most  cruel 
cheating  done,  not  by  stating  what  is  false,  but  by 
stating  truths  or  hypotheses,  and  leading  the 
masses  to  take  for  granted  things  not  stated  and 
for  which  they  have  no  warrant,  led  to  captivity 
and  destruction  by  their  own  folly  and  conceit. 


THE  SPIRAL  OF  ASCENT 

THE  Spiral  of  Progress  has  been  a  special  object 
of  study  to  the  "  mad,  blind  men  who  see."  It  is 
the  bete  noire  of  Pharisees  and  dogged  Conserva- 
tives ;  and  a  butt  for  the  ridicule  of  those  who 
arrogate  to  themselves,  for  the  time  being,  the 
claim  to  being  the  special  Party  of  Progress.  The 
verbal  formula  which  corresponds  to  it  is  this  : 
"O  Eternal  Unity,  our  Father,  may  Thy 
kingdom  come ;  may  Thy  will  be  done,  on 
earth,  as  it  is  in  the  heavens,  by  incessant,  orderly 
revolution." 

Those  who  wish  to  learn  how  they  may  both 
remain  free,  escaping  the  conservatism  which  is 
born  of  fatigue  and  disappointment,  and  also  re- 
main sane,  avoiding  the  maelstrom  of  useless  fads, 
should  study,  early  in  life,  the  sacred  symbols  of 
their  religion.  The  student  should,  in  some 
leisure  hour,  make  a  set  of  "  mind-pictures,"  which 

15 


SOME  MASTER-KETS 


will  never  forsake  him  throughout  his  earthly  life, 
nor,  I  humbly  hope,  at  the  hour  of  death. 

The  Spiral  has  many  forms.  Perhaps  the 
subtlest  and  most  profoundly  instructive  is  that 
traced  by  whirling  wind  in  the  dust  of  the  road. 
Another  is  the  path  of  a  planet  in  space. 

One  of  the  most  important  ancient  master-keys 
is  the  serpent ;  the  old  symbol  of  wickedness  and 
of  wisdom,  of  disease  and  of  its  cure. 

The  modern  student  will  better  understand  what 
the  serpent  meant  to  the  ancients  if  he  will  first 
familiarise  himself  with  other  forms  of  spiral  more 
accessible  in  civilised  life.  The  simplest,  the  best 
to  begin  studying  with,  is  the  ordinary  spiral  wire. 
Let  the  student,  when  he  has  half  an  hour  to 
spare,  fetch  the  corkscrew. 

If,  having  read  so  far,  he  smiles  superior,  im- 
agining that  no  spiritual  instruction  can  possibly 
be  got  out  of  so  humble  a  domestic  implement, 
he  has  still  a  good  deal  to  learn  before  he  can 
know  the  elements  of  the  science  of  notation. 
The  true  student  will  think  it  well  worth  while 
to  spend  a  dreamy  half -hour  in  finding  out  whether 

16 


THE   SPIRAL   OF  4SCENT 


there  is  or  is  not  anything  to  be  learned  from 
a  corkscrew. 

Stand  the  corkscrew  up  on  end  on  the  table  ; 
settle  into  a  comfortable  position  ;  take  a  few 
long,  easy  breaths,  and  look  at  the  screw,  with  the 
bodily  eyes  half-closed,  and  those  of  the  imagina- 
tion wide  open. 

Imagine  the  screw  prolonged  to  reach  the  ceil- 
ing. Imagine  a  crowd  of  microscopic  creatures 
creeping  up  the  screw.  Their  destiny  is  to  rise 
from  the  table  towards  the  ceiling.  They  have 
no  road  by  which  to  ascend,  except  along  the  screw 
wire  ;  and  no  consciousness  of  motion  except  in 
horizontal  directions  ;  e.g.^  they  can  recognise 
north,  south,  east,  west,  north-east,  etc.,  but  are 
not  conscious  of  "  up  "  or  "  down."  The  inspired 
among  them  know,  however,  that  along  the  wire 
is  their  true  destiny  ;  the  ceiling  exerts  a  magnetism 
on  them  all,  which  the  inspired  among  them  feel, 
and  know  to  be  prophetic. 

What  next  ?  Nothing  much.  Imagine  the 
discussions  that  would  take  place  :  Is  the  true 
direction  of  progress  north,  south,  east,  or  west  ? 

17  2 


SOME  MASTER-RETS 


Is  there  no  such  thing  as  right  or  wrong  ?  Surely 
we  must  draw  the  line  somewhere  ?  If  going 
north  was  right  yesterday,  going  south  cannot  be 
right  to-day  ?  Why  can  we  not  be  consistent  ? 
Why  not  decide,  once  for  all,  in  what  direction  we 
mean  to  go  ?  If  our  fathers  found  out,  twenty 
years  ago,  that  going  east  was  wrong,  surely  it 
cannot  be  right  for  us  to  go  east  now  ? 

And  so  on  ;  and  so  on. 

Only  those  can  truly  interpret  the  Present  who 
understand  the  doubts  and  difficulties  of  the  Past, 
because  they  have  consciously  felt  the  magnetism 
of  the  Future. 


18 


SERPENT  WORSHIP  AND  THE 
SERPENT  HORROR 

HAVING  studied  the  spiral  wire-coil,  we  are  ready 
for  the  more  complicated  structure  and  movements 
of  the  living  serpent. 

Let  us  picture  an  elementary  civilisation  in  a 
country  infested  with  serpents  ;  some  poisonous, 
others  not  so.  Let  us  suppose  a  certain  amount 
of  geometric  instinct  and  interest,  while  as  yet 
appliances  are  scanty  and  crude. 

Suppose,  too,  a  certain  development  of  spiritual 
and  mystic  experience  in  devout  minds. 

In  such  a  condition,  the  serpent  symbolises 
three  separate  strains  of  emotion. 

To  the  "  practical "  section  of  the  community 
the  serpent  suggests  danger  :  danger  lurking  in 
dark  corners,  mysterious  and  subtle.  The  prac- 
tical mind  would  not  be  prone  to  make  distinctions 
between  the  species  ;  it  would  seem  safer  to  kill 
all  snakes  as  a  matter  of  course. 


SOME  MASTER-KETS 


To  the  geometrician  the  serpent  coil  is  the 
perpetual  inspirer.  Even  now,  with  all  the  re- 
sources of  modern  apparatus,  the  sight  of  serpent 
coils  unwinding  and  passing  from  one  lovely  curve 
into  another,  in  the  process  of  rising  from  the  flat 
form  to  the  ascending  spiral,  is  an  unspeakable 
fascination  ;  what  must  it  not  have  been  in  the 
early  times  ? 

To  the  mystic  the  corkscrew  spiral  is  the 
perennial  symbol  of  progress  upward  by  incessant 
change  of  direction — the  symbol,  therefore,  of 
mysterious  guidance  by  means  of  difficulties  and 
of  what  we  call  "  evils  "  and  hindrances  to  pro- 
gress. 

It  would  no  doubt  be  customary  for  geome- 
tricians, probably  also  for  a  certain  class  of  mystics, 
to  keep  serpents  of  the  harmless  kinds  as  pets  ;  as 
perpetual  inspirers  of  thought. 

Conceive  a  mother  whose  child  had  died  of  a 
snake-bite  coming  upon  a  geometrician  and  a 
mystic  (probably  a  bachelor)  lost  in  adoration  of 
the  serpent-revealer.  It  needs  little  effort  of 
imagination  to  see  why  she  would  suppose  that 

20 


SERPENT  WORSHIP  AND  SERPENT  HORROR 

they  were  engaged  in  paying  homage  to,  and 
receiving  information  from,  an  evil  Power. 

Some  such  experience  as  this  must  have  repeated 
itself  frequently,  through  many  ages,  in  all  snake- 
haunted  districts.  It  would  be  talked  about  in 
village  homes,  before  the  children.  Till  at  last 
the  idea  of  the  serpent  as  an  evil  inspirer  became 
imbedded  in  the  nervous  tissues  of  the  masses  ; 
and  took  the  form  of  a  spontaneous  instinct,  a 
physical  horror. 

This  is  one  type  of  the  way  in  which  such  in- 
stincts are  generated.  The  divining-rod  is  another. 

"  We  feel  as  our  ancestors  thought,  and  think 
as  our  descendants  will  feel." 

Dowsers,  and  other  people  who  have  special 
nervous  peculiarities,1  bring  down  to  us,  in  the 
automatic  action  of  their  brain  and  nerves,  traces 
of  lost  knowledge  and  forgotten  methods  of  study. 

1  A  practical  well-digger,  who  now  finds  water  with  the 
divining-rod,  tells  me  that,  before  he  learned  the  use  of  that 
implement,  he  knew  beforehand  whether  he  would  find  water 
in  the  place  over  which  he  was  digging,  by  certain  symptoms 
which  came  on  during  the  process  of  digging.  If  these  were 
absent,  the  well  proved  to  be  dry. 

21 


THE  PATH  OF  A  PLANET 

A  BODY  may  be  supposed  to  fly  off  into  space,  as 
it  were,  by  the  impulse  of  its  own  momentum  ;  it 
is  prevented  from  entirely  yielding  to  that  impulse 
by  the  attraction  of  the  sun.  The  gravitation 
becomes  weaker  and  weaker,  as  the  planet  goes 
further  and  further  from  the  focus  of  attraction  ; 
it  seems  as  though  the  sun  must  ultimately  lose 
its  hold.  But,  by  a  mathematical  law,  the  momen- 
tum diminishes  (as  the  distance  between  the  planet 
and  the  sun  increases)  even  faster  than  the  attrac- 
tive force  does  ;  so  that,  however  strong  the 
original  impulse,  however  eccentric  the  orbit,  the 
gravitation  ultimately  conquers  the  tendency  to 
escape  from  its  influence,  and  brings  the  planet 
back  to  revolve  round  the  focus.  This  would 
necessarily  be  so  ;  unless,  at  the  part  of  the  orbit 
where  the  momentum  is  weakest,  the  planet  (or 
comet)  comes  under  attraction  from  some  other 

22 


THE  PATH  OF  A   PLANET 


body.  A  very  slight  interference,  just  then, 
might  carry  the  lighter  body  right  away  from  the 
attraction  of  the  heavier  one,  never  again  to 
return.  A  body  might  lead  a  life  apparently  law- 
less, erratic,  and  unaccountable  ;  but  each  new 
departure  might  in  reality  be  due  to  some  new 
attraction  seizing  it  when  the  previous  one  was  at 
its  weakest. 

The  problem  for  the  educator  is :  How  to 
interpose  a  subsidiary  attraction. 

The  canon  of  safety  would  seem  to  be  :  At 
perihelion  the  subsidiary  attraction  should  tend  to 
counteract  that  of  the  main  attractor,  so  as  to 
minimise  risk  of  the  planet  falling  into  the  sun  ; 
at  aphelion  it  should  tend  to  cumulate  with  that 
of  the  main  attractor,  so  as  to  minimise  the  risk 
of  flying  off  into  space. 


THE  TREE 

THE  branching  and  forking  of  trees  is  the  great 
master-key  for  the  study  of  Evolution  by  succes- 
sive differentiations.  A  suggestion  of  the  use  of 
tree-growths  for  this  purpose  is  given  in  the  story 
of  A  Woodworker  and  a  Tentmaker  and  in  Mistletoe 
and  Olive,  pp.  44,  45. 

The  tree  in  which  the  Serpent  lay  was  the  tree 
of  knowledge  of  Good  and  Evil.  The  observer 
perceives  how  often  it  happens  that,  at  the  same 
point  where  one  branch  is  inspired  with  the  desire 
to  deflect  to  the  right,  another  gets  a  similar  in- 
spiration to  deflect  to  the  left.  If  the  branches 
have  consciousness,  each  must  seem  to  the  other 
to  be  "going  wrong";  yet  the  whole  develop- 
ment and  beauty  of  the  tree  depend  on  the 
existence  of  these  contradictory  wrongnesses. 
There  is  no  use  in  arguing  to  prove  which  is  most 
right  or  least  wrong  ;  the  remedy  for  the  feeling 

24 


THE   TREE 


of  "  wrongness  " — supposing  the  branches  to  have 
any  such  feeling — would  be  for  them  to  rise  to 
the  point  of  view  of  the  human  (i.e.y  supra- 
arboreal)  consciousness,  and  leave  off  blaming 
each  other  and  trying  to  convert  each  other. 

In  Scandinavian  legend  it  is  said  of  the  Sacred 
Tree  that  its  root  is  the  earth  and  its  crown  is  the 
heavens. 


THE  COMPASS 

GET  a  thin  strip  of  iron,  pointed  at  each  end  ;  and 
poise  it  as  a  compass-needle  is  poised.  It  will  lie 
in  any  direction  in  which  it  is  placed. 

If  you  bring,  near  either  point  of  it,  either  end 
of  a  bar-magnet,  that  end  will  be  attracted  to  the 
bar. 

Now  magnetise  it  slightly,  by  exposing  it  to  a 
magnetic  current,  or  rubbing  it  from  north  to 
south  with  a  strong  magnet.  Now,  one  end  will 
point  steadily  to  the  north.  If  disturbed  by  a 
touch  or  a  puff  of  wind,  it  will  return  to  the 
north-to-south  direction  as  soon  as  permitted. 

In  imagination,  let  iron  represent  flesh,  and 
magnetism,  spirit. 

Bring  near  to  either  end  of  the  strip  the  oppo- 
site end  of  the  bar  (north  to  south,  or  south  to 
north).  You  will  witness  a  pantomimic  display 
of  psychic  attraction.  (What,  when  it  takes  place 

26 


THE   COMPASS 


between  young  persons  of  opposite  sexes,  we  call 
"falling  in  love.")  Withdraw  the  bar  to  a 
distance,  and  approach  to  it  the  strip,  north  end 
to  north  or  south  end  to  south  ;  you  will  produce 
what,  in  a  human  being,  we  call  a  "  nerve-storm.' 
Keep  up  the  storm  for  a  few  minutes  ;  then  with- 
draw the  bar,  and  once  more  bring  north  end  to 
south,  or  south  to  north.  You  will  find  that  the 
strip  has  become  de-moralised.  It  no  longer  knows 
its  own  mind  ;  nor  is  it  faithful  to  its  duty. 
"Flesh"  wars  against  "spirit,"  and  "spirit" 
against  "  flesh  "  (as  St  Paul  says). 

Do  not  ask  me  to  draw  a  moral.  I  am  not 
writing  sermons,  but  showing  students  how  to 
get  for  themselves  simple  algebraic  presentations 
of  general  laws  of  Nature.  The  only  moral  that 
I  know  of  is  that  any  teacher  who  does  not  play 
with  magnets  in  some  leisure  hour  is  guilty  of 
neglect  of  valuable  opportunities.  The  magnet 
is  at  least  as  amusing  and  restful  as  a  farce  at 
the  theatre,  and  has,  besides,  this  advantage  : 
that  when  once  you  have  the  apparatus  you  can 
amuse  successive  groups  of  pupils,  visitors,  and 

27 


SOME  MASTER-RETS 


servants,  without  further  cost.  Mine  was  made 
for  me  by  a  child  of  nine  or  ten.  The  strip  is 
a  bit  of  the  spring  from  a  broken  old  clock.  The 
stand  is  a  stray  draughtsman  with  a  hole  bored 
in  the  middle  into  which  is  fastened  half  an  inch 
of  the  point  end  of  a  rather  large  sewing-needle. 
I  got  two  strong  bar-magnets  for  a  shilling  at  a 
scientific  implement  maker's.  The  working  iron- 
monger will  give  you  iron  filings  of  various  kinds 
and  degrees  of  fineness,  or  sell  them  at  the  rate 
of  a  farthing  per  ounce.  You  will  find  yourself 
provided  with  a  source  of  endless  amusement 
for  yourself  and  friends  at  the  cost  of  one  and 
fourpence.  And  when  you  have  learned  how 
to  produce  with  iron  the  pantomimic  display  of 
nerve-storms,  moral  confusions,  and  moral  obli- 
quities, you  will  have  gone  a  long  way  towards 
finding  out  how  not  to  produce  the  realities  in 
the  human  beings  under  your  charge. 


28 


THE  MICROSCOPE 

THE  same  principles  hold  good  in  the  case  of 
that  more  costly  toy,  the  microscope.  Those 
who  only  desire  to  pass  examinations  in  histology, 
or  microscopic  zoology,  need  only  look  at  what- 
ever specimens  are  put  before  them  by  the 
"  coach  "  or  class  teacher.  But  whoever  would 
get  from  the  microscope  what  it  has  to  give  in 
the  way  of  instruction  in  psychology  and  the 
science  of  notation  should  go  through  the 
personal  experience  of  collecting  the  foul-looking 
slime  which  gathers  round  the  stalks  of  water- 
weeds,  and  seeing  it  transform  itself,  under  his 
eyes,  into  masses  of  living  harebells  (Vorticella), 
bunches  of  waving  rainbows  (Floscule)  ;  with  the 
volvox  flashing  across  the  field,  a  bead  of  white 
light,  scattering  more  prosaic  creatures  in  all 
directions  and  leaving  them  arranged  in  new 
combinations  which  have  no  reference  to  their 

29 


SOME  MASTER-KETS 


I! 


own  intentions  or  wishes.  He  should  make  clear 
mind-pictures  of  what  he  sees  ;  and  then  meditate 
on  them  as  he  walks  about  the  slums  where 
possibly  some  of  his  own  pupils  live. 

There  is  no  evidence  that  the  ancients  possessed 
optical  instruments  like  ours.  But  it  is  certain  that 
the  great  poets  and  prophets  had  somehow  the  experi- 
ence of  seeing  what  is  repulsive  to  man  transform 
itself,  by  a  mere  change  in  the  mode  of  looking 
at  it,  into  the  Glory  of  the  Presence  of  God. 

Infinite  vision  must  be  both  telescopic  and 
microscopic. 

Why  were  human  eyes  made  able  to  see  the 
lovely  things  looking  like  mere  brown  slime  ? 

Before  we  can  answer  that  question,  we  must 
find  the  answer  to  another  simpler  one.  Why 
were  men  made  to  feel  the  earth  immovable 
under  their  feet  and  to  see  the  sun  rising  and 
setting  ?  The  shock  of  surprise  which  follows 
on  any  inversion  of  our  direct  impressions  is  one 
of  the  great  educative  forces  which  raise  man 
from  unconscious  towards  conscious  participation 
in  the  Divine  life. 

30 


PARTIAL  SOLUTIONS 

IN  the  course  of  a  lesson  which  I  was  giving 
in  a  home  for  waifs  and  strays,  we  came  to 
the  word  "  blessing,"  which  I  explained  as  "  some- 
thing to  be  glad  of  and  thankful  for."  On  the 
next  Sunday  I  revised  the  ground  previously 
gone  over.  When  I  asked  :  "  What  does  c  bless- 
ing '  mean  ? "  a  small  child  replied  with  great 
unction  and  an  air  of  profound  conviction, 
"  Treacle,  ma'am."  It  was  evident  that  the  poor 
little  half-starved  waif's  imagination  had  been 
vividly  impressed  by  the — to  her — new  pheno- 
menon of  plentiful  and  palatable  food. 

Such  a  vivid  impression  might  become  the 
starting-point  of  one  or  other  of  two  things — an 
idolatrous  delusion  or  a  true  re-velation.  The 
impression  might  crystallise  round  the  material 
fact,  treacle  ;  in  which  case  the  girl's  grand- 
children might  be  found,  some  day,  telling  their 
grandchildren  that,  wherever  the  word  "blessing" 

31 


SOME  MASTER-KETS 


occurs  in  a  sacred  book,  it  must  mean  treacle, 
and  can  mean  nothing  else  ;  and  that  it  is  profane 
and  wicked  to  use  it  in  connection  with  anything 
else.  Or  the  girl  might  be  led  to  connect  the 
word  "blessing"  not  with  the  material  object 
which  aroused  her  emotions,  but  with  the  sense 
of  mystery  and  wonder  and  gratitude  evoked  in 
her  by  the  material  object.  In  that  case,  the 
pleasure  of  eating  treacle,  in  itself  a  selfish  and 
merely  sensuous  one,  would  become,  for  her, 
truly  sacramental  :  a  perpetual  renewer  of  the 
sense  of  communion  with  mankind  and  with 
the  As-Yet-Unknown  Good. 

"  Treacle,"  taken  as  the  full  meaning  of  "  bless- 
ing," is  idolatry  at  the  small  end  of  the  wedge. 

A  mathematician  would,  in  this  child's  case, 
call  "  Treacle  "  a  Partial  Solution  of  the  question 
"  What  is  a  blessing  ? " 

In  mathematics,  it  is  always  recognised  that 
the  use  of  a  partial  solution  is  to  assist  in  finding 
the  general  solution.  And,  lest  the  first  partial 
one  should  prove  insufficient  as  a  clue,  we  are 
glad  if  another  is  found  independently. 

32 


PARTIAL   SOLUTIONS 


In  politics,  religion,  and  the  (so-called)  "science" 
of  healing  we  make  an  "  idol "  of  the  first 
partial  solution  we  arrive  at  ;  we  contradict  the 
man  who  finds  any  other,  and  try  to  silence  or 
exterminate  whoever  suggests  a  general  one. 

In  politics,  etc.,  we  call  this  "  fidelity  to  our 
party." 

In  mathematics  we  give  the  sacred  name 
"  fidelity  "  to  something  of  quite  different  nature  ; 
viz.,  adhering  "  through  thick  and  thin "  to  the 
hypothesis  on  which  we  are  working  for  the  time 
being,  and  encouraging  others  to  do  the  same  by  theirs, 
till  each  has  been  well  tested  ;  till  we  know  the 
fallacy  in  each,  if  it  be  fallacious,  and  know  also 
where  each  is  partial  and  incomplete  :  mathe- 
matical fidelity  also  includes  willingness  to  confess 
at  once  the  falseness  of  whatever  we  see  to  be 
false,  the  inadequacy  of  whatever  we  see  to  be 
only  partial.  It  involves  also  ungrudging  willing- 
ness to  let  other  students  lay  together  the  partial 
truth  that  we  have  discovered  and  the  partial  truth 
discovered  by  someone  else  ;  so  that  each  truth 
may  "  cast  the  error  or  partialness  out  of  the  other." 

33  3 


THE   ORIGIN   OF   RELIGIOUS 
PERSECUTION 

MOTTO  :  God  made  the  beast,  and  saw  that  it  was  good  ; 
and  God  said,  Let  us  make  man  in  our  image,  and  let  him  have 
dominion  over  the  cattle. — Gen.  i.  As  it  was  in  the  beginning 
it  is  now,  and  ever  shall  be. 

THE  first  man  who  made  an  implement  of  iron 
was  employed  in  digging  out  roots,  to  his  own 
great  satisfaction,  when  a  wild  boar  passed  by. 
After  some  preliminary  conversation  about  the 
use  and  merits  of  the  new  invention,  the  boar 
began  to  suggest  objections.  "  But,  my  friend," 
said  he,  "  what  a  loss  you  incur  in  being  deprived 
of  the  delight  of  rooting  about  in  the  earth  with 
your  feet,  or,  better  still,  with  your  snout  ! " 
"  H'm,"  quoth  the  man,  "  I've  tried  it  long 
enough.  To  tell  you  the  truth,  I  never  found 
much  pleasure  in  the  occupation  ;  that  was  chiefly 
why  I  took  so  much  pains  to  put  myself  into 

34 


THE  ORIGIN  OF  RELIGIOUS  PERSECUTION 

circumstances  in  which  I  need  never  attempt  it 
again."  "  What  !  "  exclaimed  the  boar,  indignant, 
"  not  like  contact  with  the  fresh,  sweet,  mother- 
earth  !  You  lack  one  of  the  primary  instincts  of 
our  common  nature/'  "  Perhaps  so,"  said  the 
man  ;  "  perhaps  you  lack  another  ;  perhaps  it  is 
not  given  to  any  individual  to  have  them  all.  I 
find  such  pleasure  in  standing  upright  and  in  being 
able  to  gaze  at  the  heavens  that  I  have  grown 
accustomed  to  that  posture  ;  and  mother-earth 
strikes  me  as  rather  dirty  than  sweet."  "  Fantastic 
nonsense,"  said  the  boar  ;  "  do  roots  grow  in  the 
sky  ?  Is  it  not  clear  to  demonstration  that  the 
earthy  and  the  earth  only,  is  the  proper  object  of 
contemplation  for  a  reasonable  creature  ?  "  "  Yes," 
said  the  man  ;  "  that  is  consonant  with  reason. 
But,  I  wonder,  is  there  a  higher  reason  ?  Who 
knows  ? " 

"Now,  do  look  here,"  said  the  boar  ;  "if  you 
were  responsible  for  yourself  alone,  you  would 
have  a  right  to  go  on  your  own  mad  road.  But 
who  knows  that  your  disuse  of  the  normal  in- 
stincts may  not  cause  your  future  progeny  to 

35 


SOME  MASTER-KETS 


be  born  with  those  instincts  lacking  or  very 
weak  ?  "  "  That  is  what  I  hope  for,"  said  the  man 
softly.  "  You  do,  do  you  ?  Well,  of  all  the 
impious  schemes  !  To  sacrifice  your  posterity  to 
your  upward-gazing  whims  !  Do  you  suppose 
such  a  change  as  that  can  be  effected  without 
terrible  suffering  being  inflicted  ?  "  "  I  fear  not," 

said  the  man  ;  "  but "  "  Well,  but  what  ? " 

"  There  must  be  victims  to  progress." 

The  boar  felt  that  the  conversation  was  entering 
a  region  foreign  to  his  conceptions.  He  grunted 
for  a  while.  Presently  he  began  again.  "  You 
don't  see  where  you  are  going,"  said  he  ;  "I  pro- 
phesy that  you  will  be  the  forefather  of  a  race 
of  monsters  deficient  in  all  normal  instinct,  who 
will  use  tools  such  as  that  in  your  hand  to  acquire 
a  hideous  and  perverted  authority  over  all  that 
lives  and  breathes.  Possibly,  in  some  period  of 
dearth,  they  may  become  like  tigers,  and  eat 
flesh." 

The  man  paused  in  his  work  to  gaze  in  silence 
at  the  setting  sun.  When  the  orb  had  disappeared 
below  the  horizon,  he  drew  a  long,  quivering 

36 


THE  ORIGIN  OF  RELIGIOUS  PERSECUTION 

breath,  and  murmured  gently,  "Ay,  it  may  be 
even  so  "  ;  and  hasted  to  make  use  of  the  remain- 
ing twilight  to  get  the  rest  of  the  roots  out  of  the 
ground. 

The  boar  was  too  much  overwhelmed  for 
further  speech.  He  turned  and  trotted  away. 
But  a  generous  thought  struck  him  before  he  had 
gone  many  yards.  He  could,  by  one  resolute 
effort,  stop  the  whole  mischief  at  its  source.  He 
turned  and  rushed  at  the  man,  intending  to  rip 
him  open  with  his  tusks.  The  man  looked  him 
full  in  the  eyes.  For  one  instant  the  boar 
hesitated.  That  moment's  doubt  was  fatal  ;  the 
man  flung  the  iron  at  him,  inflicting  a  wound  so 
deep  that  it  was  as  much  as  he  could  do  to  get 
back  to  the  forest. 

Next  morning  the  boar  called  a  council  of  all 
the  beasts  to  decide  what  ought  to  be  done.  The 
man  would  now  be  on  the  alert,  and,  having 
learnt  the  use  of  his  tool  as  a  weapon,  was  not 
likely  to  be  easily  conquered.  A  severe  vote  of 
censure  was  passed  on  the  boar  for  having  missed 
his  opportunity  of  putting  an  end  to  profane  and 

37 


SOME  MASTER-KEYS 


unnatural  proceedings.  "  What  could  have  caused 
you  a  moment's  hesitation  ? "  asked  the  presiding 
beast.  "  A  doubt  that  crossed  me."  "  A  doubt  ? 
Of  what  ?  Of  the  wrongness  of  allowing  this  un- 
natural perversion  of  instinct,  this  upward-gazing 
mania,  to  propagate  itself  ? "  "  No,"  said  the 
boar  ;  "  of  that,  I,  personally,  never  had  a  moment's 
doubt.  But  the  question  crossed  me  whether  that 
mysterious  Demiurgus,  whom  no  beast  has  seen, 
who  speaks  in  thunder,  and  whose  touch  we  feel 
in  the  thrills  that  run  through  us  when  thunder 
is  speaking — whether  He  favours  the  upward- 
gazing  posture,  and  the  animals  that  indulge  in  it. 
It  was  only  a  momentary  fancy,  but  it  paralysed 
me  for  the  moment,  and  when  I  recovered  my 
senses  it  was  too  late  to  act." 

So  the  beasts,  not  knowing  what  else  to  do, 
passed  a  law.  It  should  be  lawful  to  believe  in 
the  existence  of  invisible  beings  endowed  with 
powers  superior  to  those  of  beasts,  but  whose  aims 
are  strictly  on  the  level  of  those  of  brutes.  But 
any  beast  found  guilty  of  harbouring,  even  for 
one  moment,  the  belief  in  a  Demiurgus  whose 

38 


THE  ORIGIN  OF  RELIGIOUS  PERSECUTION 

thoughts  are  not  as  the  thoughts  of  brutes,  should 
be  hunted  down  without  mercy,  in  the  interests  of 
society.  And  the  custom  remains  in  force  even 
to  this  day.  Yet  there  be  mad  creatures  still,  who 
look  for  His  revealing  : — 

"  We  dreamers  ;  we  derided  ; 
We  mad,  blind  men  who  see." 

A  year  or  two  ago,  a  descendant  of  the  first 
digger  planted  a  bed  of  hyacinth  roots.  A  de- 
scendant of  the  boar  broke  into  the  garden,  and 
began  to  turn  up  the  bulbs  and  eat  them.  The 
man  and  the  beast  differed  in  opinion,  this  time, 
as  to  the  very  use  of  roots.  The  man  persecuted 
the  beast  and  imprisoned  him  in  a  sty. 

When  pachyderms  are  allowed  to  roam  at  large 
over  cultivated  ground,  rings  are  fitted  into  their 
snouts,  not  in  revenge  for  anything  they  have 
done,  but  in  order  to  remind  them  not  to  root  up 
things  which  are  the  result  of  other  people's 
labour  and  love,  and  which  they  themselves  do 
not  understand. 


39 


THE  SINS  OF  CCERULEA 

The  wild  pimpernel,  which  usually  bears  red  flowers  with  blue 
centres,  sometimes  inverts,  bearing  blue  flowers  with  red  centres. 

First  Scarlet  Pimpernel.  Oh  !  dear !  oh  !  dear  ! 
Have  you  heard  the  shocking  news  ?  Cousin 
Coerulea  has  put  out  another  flower  ;  and  it  is  just 
like  the  former  ones  :  blue  with  red  eyes  !  How 
can  she  be  so  perverse,  and  disgrace  the  family  by 
doing  everything  topsy-turvy  to  the  way  all  respec- 
table pimpernels  do  ?  I  am  sure  she  only  does  it 
to  annoy  us. 

Second  S.  P.  Don't  be  hard  on  her,  poor  thing. 
She  must  have  got  a  shock  to  her  nervous  system 
when  she  was  a  seedling,  or  perhaps  before  she 
was  even  a  ripe  seed,  and  it  must  have  produced 
inversion. 

First  S.  P.  (severely').  Secunda,  this  is  dangerous 
ground  that  you  are  venturing  on.  You  are 
excusing  sin  —  sin  against  God  and  His  Holy 

40 


THE   SINS   OF   CCERULEA 


Law.  Was  it  not  ordained,  from  the  beginning 
of  things,  that  pimpernels  were  to  have  red  corollas 
with  blue  eyes  ? 

Second  S.  P.  Ah  !  God's  laws  !  Yes  ;  but  do 
we  know  quite  all  about  God's  laws  ?  Perhaps 
God  made  the  law  that,  if  a  pimpernel  gets  a 
shock  to  its  nerves  in  the  seedling  stage,  it  shall 
become  the  instrument  of  punishment  to  the 
family  which  did  not  prevent  the  disaster.  Per- 
haps it  is  only  right  that  she  should  disgrace  it 
later  on. 

First  S.  P.  Well,  all  I  hope  is  that  you  won't 
let  my  children  hear  you  express  any  of  these 
fantastic  and  wicked  ideas. 

Third  S.  P.  Well,  Prima,  I  do  think  you  are 
too  hard  on  poor  Ccerulea.  Secunda  is  quite 
right  ;  we  ought  to  have  charity  ;  none  of  us 
know  what  Coerulea's  temptations  may  have  been  ; 
she  had  not  our  advantages.  But  what  I  can't 
understand  is  the  attitude  of  human  botanists 
towards  the  most  serious  problems.  They  seem 
to  take  actually  more  pleasure  and  interest  in 
Coerulea's  blossoms  than  in  yours  or  mine. 


SOME  MASTER-KETS 


First  S.  P.  My  dear  Tertia  !  I  do  hope  you 
are  not  mixing  yourself  up  with  those  horrible 
human  creatures.  They  profess  to  be  of  higher 
evolution  than  we  are  ;  but  be  sure  they  have 
sunk,  not  risen,  from  our  condition.  Believe  me, 
all  who  profess  to  be  anything  more  than  mere 
pimpernels  are  devils. 


42 


THE  TASSEL 

IF  one  had  a  tangled  tassel  to  get  straight,  it  would 
be  vain  to  pull  at  a  thread  here  and  a  thread  there 
while  the  whole  thing  was  hanging  from  the  wrong 
end.  The  first  thing  to  do  would  be  to  get  hold 
of  the  real  handle.  When  one  has  got  hold  of 
that,  a  slight  shake  puts  nearly  everything  into 
order,  and  a  touch  here  and  there  makes  every- 
thing smooth. 

Observe,  the  right  strand  to  catch  hold  of  may 
look  like  or  unlike  the  others.  [It  is  usually 
unlike  them.]  But  the  one  thing  certain  about 
it  is  that  it  goes  out  from  the  knot,  which  unites 
them  all,  in  the  direction  opposite  to  that  in  which 
all  the  others  ought  to  hang.  In  a  tassel  of 
human  beings,  this  one  is  commonly  referred  to  by 
the  others  as  ab-normal  or  a-nomalous,  which  means 
outside  the  law.  Whatever  they  call  it,  as  a 
matter  of  fact  it  enunciates  the  law.  It  is  the 
exception  which  proves  the  rule. 

43 


LAMPLIGHT  OR  SUNLIGHT 

A    FAMILY    LAMP 

"  OUT  in  the  snow  the  wild  wolves  are  prowling  ; 
Mother  !  O  mother  !  I  hear  them  all  howling." 

"  Do  not  be  frightened,  child  ;  mother  is  near  ; 
The  door  is  well  fastened,  and  father  is  here. 
Come  away  from  the  window  ;  the  lamp  is  alight, 
The  supper  is  ready,  the  fire  is  bright. 
Come  away  from  the  window,  my  dear." 

"  But  why  are  they  roaming  about  in  the  snow  ? 
What  are  they  crying  for  ?     I  want  to  know. 
Why  don't  they  go   home  to  their  fathers  and 

mothers  ? 
And  have  nice  little  games  with  their  sisters  and 

brothers  ? " 
"  Come  away  from  the  window,  my  dear. 

44 


LAMPLIGHT  OR   SUNLIGHT 

The  place  for  wolves  is  out  in  the  snow. 
Why  they  were  put  there,  none  of  us  know. 
But  the  place  for  you  is  here  beside  me. 
God  put  you  here,  as  we  all  can  see. 
Come  away  from  the  window,  my  dear." 

"  But  why  are  they  crying,  if  that  is  their  place  ? 
And  look  at  this  nearest  one,  look  at  his  face  I 
Why  are  they  running  so  fast  in  the  snow  ? 
What  are  they  howling  for  ?     I  must  know. 
Why  are  they  coming  so  close  to  us  here  ? 
Are  wolves  ever  hungry ',  mother  dear  ? " 

SUN'S    LIGHT    FOR    ALL 

"  Out  in  the  warm  air  the  grape  vine  is  twining  : 
See  how  the  sun  on  the  tendrils  is  shining  ! 
Only  last  week  the  bunches  were  green  ; 
In  the  shade  of  the  leaves  they  could  hardly  be 

seen  ; 

But  now  they  are  turning  all  purple  and  blue. 
Come,  little  sister,  and  look  at  them,  do. 
Come  here  to  the  window  away  from  those  books  ; 
See  how  lovely  and  wonderful  everything  looks." 

45 


SOME  MASTER-KETS 


"  But  why  did  the  grapes  let  their  colour  come 

through  ? 
They  might  hide  from  the  birds  if  they  had  not 

turned  blue." 

"  They  are  ready  and  willing  to  scatter  their  seed 
To  prepare  for  the  future  and  meet  present  need. 
They  are  ripe  for  the  change  ;  so  they  have  no 

fear. 
Ripe  fruit  likes  being  eaten,  I  think,  my  dear  ! " 


ADONAl  MALACH 

IN  Jewish  ritual,  God  is  spoken  of  under  three 
titles  :  Elohim,  Jahve",  and  Adona'f. 

Elohim  is  plural  :  it  means  the  organiser  of 
matter,  the  sum  total  of  creative  forces,  including 
gravitation,  crystalline  force,  electricity,  heat,  ter- 
restrial magnetism,  and  numerous  others,  named 
and  unnamed.  These  forces  are  presumably  various 
aspects  of  the  same  force,  but  man  perceives  them 
differently. 

Jahv£  is  God  as  revealed  in  human  history  ;  he 
is  the  tribal  God,  the  Race-preserver,  the  Organiser 
of  society. 

Adona'l  is  the  name  officially  supposed  too  sacred 
to  be  written.  In  synagogue  prayer-books  it  is 
not  spelled^  but  represented  by  a  mysterious  symbol 
consisting  of  two  little  ticks.  It  is  the  name  used 
in  invocation. 

We  talk  about  the  doings  of  Elohim  and  Jahv£  : 

47 


SOME  MASTER-RETS 


we  invoke  Adona'i.  Adona'i  is  the  spark  which 
descends  when  two  that  have  been  separated  meet. 
Adona'i  descends  when  the  ripe  stamen  touches  the 
pistil  ;  when  two  birds  which  have  been  living 
through  the  winter  as  isolated  individuals  come 
together  in  the  spring  to  make  a  nest  ;  when  two 
ideas  which  have  seemed  to  be  mutually  contra- 
dictory come  together  in  a  human  mind  and 
generate  a  new  conception. 

The  Jewish  ritual  consists  largely  of  reading 
about  Elohim,  and  recitation  of  the  doings  and 
commands  of  Jahv£  ;  but  every  now  and  then  this 
monotonous  performance  is  broken  by  the  solemn 
affirmation  : — 

Adona'i  reigneth  ! 

Adona'i  hath  reigned  ! 

Adona'i  shall  reign  for  ever  and  ever  ! 

At  one  time  science  seemed  to  rule  the  world  ;  at 
another,  human  laws,  religions,  and  conventions. 
But  whenever  and  wherever  LOVE  appears  on  the 
scene,  the  others  have  to  give  way  :  Love  is  Lord 
of  All. 


48 


TRANSFORMED  EQUATIONS 

TENTH    CENTURY 

WE  are  Christians,  O  my  sister, 

We  believe  in  One  above  ; 
Take  this  comfort  in  your  sorrow, 

God  is  Love. 
All  our  life  here  is  but  sorrow  ; 

All  our  earthly  hopes  and  cares, 
All  our  wisdom,  all  our  efforts, 

End  in  tears. 
Only  God  can  we  rely  on, 

In  Him  only  dare  we  trust  ; 
All  our  friendships  and  our  honours 

Come  to  dust. 
All  we  yearn  for  is  illusion  ; 

All  is  futile,  all  is  vain  ; 
Nothing  comes  of  our  affections 

But  their  pain. 
Turn  your  thoughts  then  to  religion  ; 

Leave  the  sanguine  hopes  of  youth, 
Leave  the  world  and  its  illusions  ; 

God  alone  is  Truth. 

49  4 


SOME  MASTER-KEYS 


TWENTIETH    CENTURY 


If  our  friendships  and  our  efforts  bring  us  little 

here  but  pain, 

Can  we  think  that  such  beginnings  are  but  vain  ? 
Christ  was  living  with  the  Father  in  a  heaven  of 

love  and  trust  ; 

Why  need  He  go  seeking  friendships  in  the  dust  ? 
If  He  had  not  trusted  Peter,  they  had  both  been 

spared  some  shame, 

Think  you  either,  now,  is  sorry  that  it  came  ? 
If  our  friends  betray  our  friendship,  we  but  go 

where  He  has  gone  ; 

Would  you  have  Him  bear  that  sorrow  all  alone  ? 
Dare  we  call  an  impulse  futile  that  but  leads  where 

He  has  trod  ? 

Let  us  speak  with  reverence,  sister  :  Love  is  God. 
Thus  we  may  remain  as  hopeful  as  we  were  in 

earliest  youth  ; 
For,    howe'er   our   minds    may   wander,  Love   is 

always  Truth. 


Mistletoe  and  Olive  contains  lessons  on  several 
other  keys  :  Mistletoe  ;  Olive  ;  the  Rainbow  ; 
the  Logan-stone  ;  the  Prophet  Birds. 

In  The  Forging  of  Passion  into  Power  will  be 
found  descriptions  of  three  kinds  of  equilibrium 
(pp.  78-81)  and  of  three  symbols  of  authority 
(pp.  145,  146)  :  the  slave-driver's  whip,  with  its 
various  modifications  (the  Lord  Mayor's  mace,  the 
policeman's  truncheon,  the  schoolmaster's  ferule)  ; 
the  shepherd's  crook  ;  and  the  conductor's  Mton. 

With  reference  to  these,  it  should  be  further 
observed  that  the  baton  and  the  ferule  may  be 
indistinguishable  from  each  other  in  outward 
appearance  ;  indeed,  the  same  stick  often  does 
duty  for  both.  A  school  inspector  has  been 
heard  to  say  that  he  judges  of  the  condition  of  a 
school  primarily  by  looking  to  see  if  the  stick  is 
frayed  at  the  end ;  if  it  is  so,  he  knows  that  both 
the  singing  and  the  discipline  are  ill-managed. 

51 


SOME  MASTER-KETS 


Neither  ferule  nor  baton  has  any  resemblance 
to  the  pastoral  crook. 

Any  sort  of  confusion  between  the  three 
symbols  of  authority  may  open  the  way  for  all 
kinds  of  deception,  whether  in  religion,  ethics, 
sociology,  politics,  or  finance. 

The  reader  is  recommended  to  study  the  Storm- 
spiral,  alluded  to  in  the  eighth  verse  of  the  third 
chapter  of  the  Gospel  of  St  John.  It  is  described 
in  A  Woodworker  and  a  Tentmaker.  I  hope  the 
reader  will,  in  all  cases,  study  the  objects  alluded 
to,  if  possible.  Any  description  of  mine  is  of  less 
consequence  than  what  may  come  to  the  student 
himself  if  he  studies  the  objects  with  a  full  convic- 
tion that  each  brings  to  him  a  message  from  the 
Unseen.  This  remark  applies  with  special  force 
to  the  storm-spiral,  which  can  be  seen  on  any 
dusty  road  on  any  windy  day. 


Part  II 

THERE  is  a  tendency  in  religious  circles  to  drift 
into  a  bad  habit  of  using  the  name  of  Jesus  in  a 
careless,  conventional,  and  finicking  sense,  which 
often  connects  the  Great  Teacher  with  going  to 
church  in  one's  best  hat ;  and  with  priestcraft,  and 
ecclesiastical  millinery  and  upholstery  ;  or  with 
hysterical  sentiment  ;  or  anything  else  that  is 
morally  lazy  and  dishonest,  rather  than  with  any 
sincere  emotion  or  profound  conviction.  No 
habit  tends  more  than  this  to  predispose  the 
members  of  the  community  to  be  taken  in  by 
Swindler's  Algebra.  In  all  times  of  sound  spiritual 
revival  the  founder  of  the  religion  has  been  felt  to 
be  a  grand  type  of  redeemed  humanity.  It  might 
be  well,  therefore,  if  occasionally  in  families  and 
small  informal  groups  some  neutral  word  which 
implies  this  were  occasionally  used  instead  of  the 

53 


SOME  MASTER-KETS 


personal  name  of  the  founder.     For  instance,  take 
the  revival  hymn  : — 

" c  Hold  the  fort,  for  I  am  coming,' 

Jesus  signals  still. 
Wave  the  answer  back  to  heaven, 
*  By  Thy  grace,  we  will.' " 

It  might  be  well  sometimes  to  sing  it  thus  : — 

" c  Hold  the  fort,  for  I  am  coming,' 
Wisdom  signals  still." 

"  Heaven  "  also  has  associations  which  do  not 
fit  every  case,  and  which  are  therefore  liable  in 
some  cases  to  lead  the  imagination  astray  on  to 
side-issues.  Hades  properly  means  the  shadow- 
land,  the  unknown,  and  therefore  suits  every  case 
in  which  anybody  is  puzzled  or  in  doubt.  So  we 
might  finish  our  verse  : — 

"  Wave  the  answer  back  to  Hades, 
c  By  God's  grace,  we  will.'  " 

In  fact,  the  history  of  Jesus  is  the  great  Master- 
Key  of  the  science  of  Notation.  Or,  to  change 
the  metaphor,  it  supplies  wings  to  that  science, 
which  otherwise  has  only  feet. 

54 


OF   THE   SCIENCE   OF  NOTATION 

Every  human  being  can  translate  more  or  less 
of  that  history  into  terms  borrowed  from  his  own 
special  experience. 

Every  great  founder  and  reformer  has  parasitic 
followers  who  cry  to  him  :  "  Master,  we  have 
spoken  in  thy  name  and  in  thy  name  have  done 
wonderful  works  ;  give  us  now  a  share  in  thy 
glory"  ;  and  has  replied,  from  his  seat  in  Hades, 
"  I  never  knew  you.  Depart  from  me,  ye  workers 
of  dishonesty.'* 


55 


A  VISION  OF  THE  SCIENTIFIC  CHRIST 

WHEN  things  are  in  a  state  of  confusion  and  strife 
it  is  well  to  form  a  clear  picture  to  oneself,  first, 
of  what  the  contending  parties  can  agree  about  ; 
next,  of  why  they  differ  where  they  do  really 
differ. 

It  seems  to  be  pretty  generally  understood 
throughout  Europe  that  the  words  attributed  in 
the  New  Testament  to  Jesus  of  Nazareth  form  a 
convenient  summary  of  the  inward  experience  and 
higher  aspirations  of  mankind.  Some  believe  that 
Jesus  was  an  actual  personage  ;  others,  that  He  is 
an  idealised  presentation  of  glorified  man  ;  in  one 
or  other  of  these  ways  He  does,  for  most  of  us, 
represent  our  conception  of  glorified  man. 

But  we  do  not  all  look  at  the  same  side  or  face 
of  this  Idealised  Man.  To  the  supporters  of  the 
Papal  system  He  is  primarily  the  Head  of  a 
Church,  and  no  words  of  His  are  more  important 

56 


A   7ISION  OF   THE   SCIENTIFIC   CHRIST 

than  the  little  pun  on  the  name  of  Peter  :  "  On 
this  rock  will  I  build  my  Church." 

To  Luther  and  Calvin  He  was  the  enunciator 
of  doctrines  about  the  conditions  of  salvation.  To 
the  mystic  He  is  primarily  the  utterer  of  certain 
facts  of  mystic  experience  about  the  relation 
between  man  and  the  unseen  God.  To  the 
modern  English  Protestant  He  is,  before  all  things, 
a  preacher  of  "righteousness,"  which  apparently 
means  some  special  idea  of  justice  in  the  relation  of 
man  to  man.  Up  to  and  including  the  first  quarter 
of  the  nineteenth  century,  the  scientific  world, 
as  such,  had  taken  no  cognisance  of  Christ.  Then, 
slowly,  by  quite  imperceptible  degrees,  the  con- 
ception dawned  on  a  few  scientific  men  that  the 
phenomenon,  Jesus,  formed  part  of  the  proper 
material  for  scientific  investigation. 

The  change  came  about  silently  ;  hardly  anyone 
noticed  what  was  happening.  To  make  clear  what 
did  happen,  we  must  say  a  few  words  about  the 
special  nature  of  the  scientific  consciousness.  The 
scientific  consciousness  has  its  code  of  right ;  but 
this  in  no  way  depends  on  either  system,  opinion, 

57 


SOME  MASTER-KETS 


sentiments  of  love  (to  God  or  man),  or  on  any- 
thing generally  known  as  ethics  or  righteousness. 
It  depends  entirely  on  an  order  of  time-sequence. 
To  take  his  place  among  the  immortals  of  the 
scientific  Olympus,  the  saints  in  the  scientific 
hagiology,  a  man  need  not  serve  any  institution 
or  system,  express  any  emotions,  hold  any  given 
opinions,  do  or  leave  undone  any  particular  act, 
practise  moral  virtues  or  avoid  vices  ;  the  one 
thing  he  must  do  is  to  observe  a  certain  order  of 
sequence  among  his  various  mental  operations. 
"  Know  ;  and  then  do  as  you  then  see  fit,"  is  one 
of  its  sacred  canons.  Others  are  :  "  No  scientific 
man  begins  to  think  on  a  subject  until  after  he 
has  ascertained  such  facts  as  are,  at  the  time,  ascer- 
tainable  which  might  throw  light  on  the  subject." 
"  Ascertain  as  many  facts  as  you  can,  first  ;  frame 
hypotheses  afterwards."  "  No  act  that  a  man  can 
commit,  knowing  it  to  be  wrong,  is  as  criminal  as 
it  is  to  keep  oneself  ignorant  of  facts  that  one  might 
know  in  order  to  be  able  to  do  wrong  while  still 
fancying  oneself  right.  For  the  man  who  knows 
he  is  doing  wrong  does  at  least  give  himself  the 

58 


A   VISION  OF   THE   SCIENTIFIC   CHRIST 

double  chance  of  being  checked  by  conscience  and 
by  fear  of  consequences  ;  whereas  the  man  who 
keeps  himself  ignorant  is  forbidding  God  to  en- 
lighten him." 

All  this  is  very  different  from  what  is  ordinarily 
known  as  morality  or  righteousness.  But  it  has  its 
place  and  its  value.  And,  as  we  said,  in  the  second 
quarter  of  the  nineteenth  century  the  mood  of 
mind  of  which  the  above  canons  are  the  expression 
discovered  Jesus  of  Nazareth.  First  as  a  mere 
phenomenon,  a  fact  to  be  investigated  on  the  same 
principles  as  any  other  fact  or  phenomenon. 
"  Science  seizes  her  prey  where  she  finds  it,"  said 
one  of  the  great  masters  of  analysis.  And  Science 
seized  upon  Jesus  as  she  might  do  on  a  flower  or 
a  star. 

But  when  Science  had  got  Jesus  into  her  grasp 
and  under  her  microscope,  she  soon  made  an  over- 
whelming discovery  : — Jesus  laid  down  canons  of 
time-sequence  /  "  If  thy  brother  offend  thee,  go 
and  tell  him  "  alone,  before  speaking  to  the  public 
(and  of  course  that  involves  giving  oneself  a 
chance  of  hearing  what  he  has  to  say  in  explana- 

59 


SOME  MASTER-KETS 


tion).  "  If  you  wish  to  correct  a  fault  in  some 
one  else,  correct  a  similar  fault  in  yourself  first ; 
then  you  will  see  clearly  how  to  correct  the  other 
person."  "  If  you  propose  to  make  a  contribution 
to  the  nation's  treasury,  and  remember  that  there 
has  been  anything  equivocal  or  unjust  in  your  own 
conduct,  go  and  give  to  any  private  individual  who 
objects  to  you  an  opportunity  of  explaining  what 
harm  you  have  done  him,  before  you  attempt  to 
enrich  the  public."  And  (best  of  all  from  the 
scientific  standpoint)  "  secure  your  provision  of 
illuminating  material  long  before  you  will  need  it 
to  illuminate  the  world  ;  secure  your  provision, 
and  then  go  to  sleep.  When  the  need  comes,  you 
will  be  ready.  There  is  no  use  in  trying  to  get 
the  material  at  second  hand  after  notice  has  been 
given  that  the  need  is  at  hand." 

All  these  canons  of  time-sequence  are,  from  the 
point  of  view  of  Science,  of  indisputable  value 
and  of  primary  importance.  But  they  have  been, 
from  first  to  last,  ignored  by  all  sections  of 
Christendom  alike. 

From  the  point  of  view  of  Science,  then,  Jesus 
60 


A   FISION  OF   THE  SCIENTIFIC   CHRIST 

was  a  scientific  man  who  appeared  in  a  society 
as  much  occupied  with  religious  and  ethical  notions 
as  ours,  and  as  profoundly  unscientific  as  are  the 
religious  bodies  of  our  own  day.  He  tried  to 
import  into  the  chaos  of  religious  and  ethical 
discussions  those  canons  of  order  and  sequence 
which  are  found  to  work  so  well  in  the  prosecution 
of  physical  science. 

Religious  fanaticism  and  ethical  pharisaism 
were  as  incapable  then  as  now  of  appreciating 
the  value  of  scientific  order  and  method  in  the 
sequence  of  mental  operations. 

The  above  is  not  an  exhaustive  view  of  Jesus  ; 
but  it  is  one  view,  and  has  at  least  as  good  a  right 
as  any  of  the  former  ones  to  be  considered  one 
of  the  answers  to  the  question  : — "  What  think  ye 
of  Christ  ? " 


61 


THE  ATHANASIAN  CREED 

WHEN  the  Hebrew  people  had  risen  above  the 
notion  of  a  tribal  God  who  had  prejudices  against 
certain  kinds  of  animals  and  in  favour  of  one 
particular  family  of  Semitic  men,  to  the  idea  of 
a  universal  Father  "  without  parts  or  passions," 
they  took  courage  to  associate  more  freely  than 
they  had  been  doing  with  other  nations,  and  to 
imbibe  some  of  the  culture  of  Egypt,  India,  and 
Greece. 

But  there  was  one  difficulty  which  seemed  for 
a  time  insuperable. 

The  Gentile  nations  were  "  polytheistic "  : 
that  is  to  say,  they  worshipped  the  Creator  under 
a  variety  of  Eidola,  or  imaginary  shapes,  which 
varied  according  to  the  circumstances  or  the  mood 
of  the  worshipper.  As  the  Origin  of  strength, 
He  was  called  by  one  name  ;  as  the  Creator  of 
beauty,  by  another  ;  and  so  on.  But  Israel  was 

62 


THE  ATHANASIAN   CREED 


pre-eminently  monotheistic  ;  the  Jew  prayed  every 
day  that  he  might  never  believe  in  more  gods  than 
one,  and  that  his  last  breath  might  be  spent  in 
protest  that  God  is  One. 

This  is  not  a  historic  treatise  and  we  cannot 
enter  on  any  details  of  the  long  conflict  which 
ensued.  A  solution  was  arrived  at  at  last.  It 
was  perceived  that  there  is  no  harm  in  any  man 
making  any  working  hypothesis  about  God  which 
suits  his  mood  of  mind,  or  worshipping  God  under 
any  eidolon  which  appeals  to  his  imagination  ; 
the  harm  begins  when  he  denies  to  other  men  the 
same  right  which  he  is  taking  for  himself  :  when 
he  despises  the  eidola  which  are  sacred  to  his 
fellow-man.  Varieties  of  perception  and  differences 
of  taste  are  as  natural  and  as  necessary  as  division 
of  labour  ;  the  function  of  religion  is  not  to 
emphasise  one's  own  hobbies  or  the  prejudices 
bred  in  one  by  heredity  or  the  accident  of  associa- 
tion, but  to  put  one  into  sympathetic  touch  with 
the  tastes  and  inspirations  of  others. 

This  conception  of  the  true  function  of  religious 
worship  incarnated  itself  in  the  person  of  the 

63 


SOME  M4STER-KETS 


teacher  who  was  called  Jesus  Christ  (i.e.,  Jesus  the 
Anointed).  He  pointed  out  to  the  Jews  that  their 
own  prejudice  against  other  religions  was  in  itself 
a  form  of  idolatry,  and  as  disastrous  and  deadening 
as  any  other  form  of  that  ghastly  disease. 

The  Jews,  of  course,  sacrificed  the  new  Liberator- 
prophet,  by  way  of  proving  their  loyalty  to  the 
older  Liberator-preachers  of  Unity,  Moses  and 
Isaiah.  Jesus  had  offered  His  life  to  the  cause  ; 
and  fate,  as  usual,  took  Him  at  His  word.  The 
bodies  of  the  martyrs  lie  "  mouldering  in  the 
grave,"  but  the  Truth  goes  marching  on.  The 
idea  of  Jesus  about  the  true  function  of  religious 
worship  received  new  impetus  from  His  tragic 
death.  It  met  and  amalgamated  with  the  Graeco- 
Egyptian  idea  of  education  as  a  training  in  the 
worship  of  the  True,  the  Good,  and  the  Beautiful. 
Out  of  this  amalgamation  grew  a  document,  known 
as  the  Athanasian  Creed,  which  might  be  described 
as  a  highly  condensed  summary  of  the  whole  duty 
of  the  Teacher.  It  was  at  one  time  ordered  that 
this  Creed  should  be  read  aloud  in  churches,  as  a 
perpetual  reminder  that  man  was  not  made  to  be  a 


THE  ATHANASIAN   CREED 


slave  to  any  particular  view  of  religious  ceremonial 
or  Sabbath  observance,  because  the  function  of 
Sabbaths  and  religious  festivals  is  to  liberate  and 
humanise  man. 

The  language  of  this  old  Creed  is  archaic  and, 
to  modern  Europeans,  unintelligible.  Many  of  the 
clergy  who  read  it  in  church  on  Trinity  Sunday 
confess,  if  they  are  honest,  that  they  have  no  idea 
what  it  is  really  about. 

Some  years  ago  one  of  the  inspectors  of  the 
Board  of  Education  broached  the  idea  that  a  fresh 
start  ought  to  be  made  towards  organising  national 
education  round  the  old  Graeco-Egyptian  charter 
of  intellectual  freedom.  The  fundamental  concep- 
tion of  his  educational  scheme  appears  to  be  that 
pupils  must  be  allowed  to  specialise  :  some  devoting 
themselves  to  practical  science,  others  to  sociology 
and  the  science  of  ethics,  and  others  again  to  the 
cultivation  of  art  ;  but  on  national  festivals  the 
scientific  should  pay  sympathetic  homage  to  the 
aspirations  of  reformers  in  social  science  and  in 
art  ;  the  morally  fervent  should  open  their  eyes  to 
see  the  wonders  of  science  and  art  ;  and  the  artist 

65  5 


SOME  MASTER-RETS 


should  allow  himself  to  be  braced  and  strengthened 
by  the  minute  accuracy  of  the  scientist  and  the 
moral  scruples  of  the  ethical  teacher. 

The  attention  of  parents  and  teachers  might 
with  advantage  be  called  to  the  break  which  occurs 
in  the  Creed  at  the  word  "  Furthermore,"  and  the 
relation  of  inversion  between  the  two  parts.  The 
first  part  relates  to  the  general  organisation  of  an 
educational  scheme  ;  the  second  to  the  duty  of 
the  individual  teacher.  The  organiser  must  be 
careful  neither  to  divide  the  substance  taught  nor 
to  confound  the  persons  ;  the  teacher  must  be  care- 
ful neither  to  confound  the  substance  nor  divide 
the  person.  E.g.,  a  school  should  impress  the 
children  with  the  idea  of  a  common  aim,  a  united 
purpose  ;  but  each  subject  should  be  taught  by 
its  own  appropriate  methods,  and  the  teachers 
should  be  careful  not  to  criticise  each  other's 
methods  or  interfere  with  each  other's  work.  The 
individual  teacher,  on  the  other  hand,  should  pay 
special  heed  to  keeping  the  several  parts  of  his 
subject  separate  in  the  minds  of  his  pupils  :  to  see 
that  the  pupils  understand  the  difference  between 

66 


THE  ATH AN  ASIAN   CREED 


physical  and  political  geography  ;  between  plane 
and  spherical  geometry,  between  the  solid  object 
and  its  various  shadows  or  projections,  between 
historic  evidence  as  to  the  facts  and  moral  convic- 
tions as  to  the  relation  between  the  facts.  But  he 
should  also  be  careful  not  to  produce  in  the  pupils 
any  impression  of  varying  moods  or  distracted 
personality  in  himself. 

There  is  no  better  way  of  teaching  than  to 
introduce  pupils  to  the  As- Yet-Unknown  portions 
of  a  subject ;  inviting  their  co-operation  in  solving 
problems  which  for  the  teacher  himself  remain  still 
unsolved.  But  he  should  not  venture  to  do  this 
till  he  can  do  it  in  the  spirit  of  Faith  ;  pointing  out 
the  limits  of  his  own  knowledge,  but  without  infect- 
ing the  pupils  with  any  sense  of  discrepancy  or  of 
moral  distraction  in  his  own  mind. 

The  following  paraphrase  of  the  glorious  old 
Creed  may  help  to  show  how  it  bears  on  some  of 
the  problems  of  the  present  day. 


A  PARAPHRASE  OF  THE  ATHAN- 

ASIAN  CREED 

(It  must  be  remembered  that  this  Creed  concerns  not  children 
but  advanced  students,  parents,  teachers,  and  persons  in 
authority. ) 

PART    I 

WHOEVER  would  remain  morally  sane,  before  all 
things  it  is  necessary  that  he  keep  the  Law  of 
Mental  Balance. 

Which  Law,  except  everyone  do  keep  strictly 
and  in  pure  sincerity,  without  doubt  he  shall 
degenerate  as  to  that  part  of  his  mind  with  which 
he  holds  converse  with  the  Eternal. 

And  the  Law  of  Balance  is  this  :  that  we 
reverence  one  Revelation  in  three  parts,  and  the 
three  parts  as  essentially  One  : l 

Neither  confusing  together  the  three  mani- 
festations of  Truth,  nor  doubting  that  they  are 
essentially  One.1 

For  there  is  one  manifestation  through  ex- 
1  See  Notes  at  end. 

68 


A   PARAPHRASE 


ternal    Nature  ;    another    through    Moral   Law  ; 
and  another  through  Inspiration  by  Synthesis.1 

But  the  divineness  of  Nature,  of  human 
Morality,  and  of  Inspiration,  is  all  one  :  the  Glory 
equal  ;  the  Majesty  co-eternal. 

Such  as  Nature  is,  such  is  Ethics,  and  such  is 
Artistic  Inspiration. 

The  Laws  of  Nature  are  uncreate  and  essential ; 
the  Laws  of  Ethics  are  primary  and  essential  ;  the 
Laws  of  Inspiration  are  primary  and  essential. 

Nature  is  too  vast  for  any  man  to  comprehend  ; 
human  relations  are  too  complicated  for  any  man 
to  comprehend  ;  artistic  inspiration  is  too  vast  for 
any  man  to  comprehend. 

The  Laws  of  Creative  Energy  are  eternal ;  the 
Laws  of  Ethics  are  eternal  ;  the  Laws  of  Inspira- 
tion are  eternal. 

Yet  there  are  not  three  kinds  of  eternal  Law  ; 
but  One. 

So  there  are  not  three  Forces  which  compre- 
hend us  and  cannot  be  comprehended  by  us  ;  but 
One  ;  not  three  Origins  of  Law  ;  but  One. 
1  See  Notes  at  end. 

69 


SOME  MASTER-KETS 


So  likewise  the  Forces  of  Nature  are  irresis- 
tible ;  Moral  Force  is  irresistible  ;  and  Inspiration 
is  irresistible. 

Yet  there  are  not  three  irresistible  Wills,  but 
One. 

So  the  Revelation  of  Nature  is  good  ;  human 
relations  are  good  ;  and  Inspiration  is  good. 

Yet  they  are  not  rivals,  but  all  alike  Good. 

So  likewise  the  Scientific  Conscience  is  abso- 
lute ;  the  Moral  Conscience  is  absolute  ;  and  the 
Artistic  Conscience  is  absolute. 

Yet  they  are  not  rival  authorities,  but  various 
revelations  of  One  Absolute  Rightness. 

For  we  are  compelled  by  respect  for  veracity  to 
acknowledge  that  each  of  these  apparently  diverse 
presentations l  of  Law  is  Good  and  is  Master. 

But  we  are  forbidden  by  the  ancient  Universal 
Charter  of  human  freedom  to  say  there  be  three 
rival  Good  Principles  or  three  Masters. 

The  general  pulsatory  action  of  nature  is 
spontaneous  and  original  ;  neither  manufactured 
nor  evolved. 

1  Persona  =  mask  or  appearance. 
7° 


A  PARAPHRASE 


The  relations  of  human  society  grow  out  of 
the  original  rhythmic  beat,  not  by  any  artificial 
process,  but  by  normal  evolution. 

True  and  wholesome  inspiration  comes  from 
the  combination  of  the  other  two  factors,  normally 
but  not  spontaneously. 

So  there  is  One  Source  of  life,  the  same  for  all 
created  things  ;  One  Director  and  Test  of  upward 
Evolution,  the  same  always  ;  One  Source  of 
healthy  Inspiration  for  man,  no  matter  on  what 
subject. 

In  the  Trinity  of  Absolute  Masters  (the  Scien- 
tific Conscience,  the  Ethical  Conscience,  and  the 
Artistic  Conscience)  none  is  afore  or  after  another  ; 
none  is  greater  or  less  than  another. 

But  the  whole  three  appearances  of  Rightness 
are  co-eternal  and  co-equal. 

So  that  on  all  occasions,  as  aforesaid,  the  one 
Creator  is  to  be  worshipped  under  three  mani- 
festations ;  and  the  three  manifestations  as  one 
Good. 

Whoever  would  be  morally  safe  must  remember 
to  think  thus. 


SOME  MASTER-KETS 


PART    II 

Furthermore,  it  is  necessary  to  the  efficiency  of 
a  man's  faculty  of  holding  converse  with  the 
Eternal  that  he  also  know  the  truth  about  the 
Incarnation  (coming  into  visible  shape)  of  the 
Ideal  Leader  and  Liberator,  the  Anointed. 

If  we  are  honest,  we  must  believe  and  confess  that 
the  Anointed  Deliverer  is  both  divine  and  human. 

He  has  that  divine  consciousness  that  all  things 
are  good,  which  existed  before  the  planets  were 
made  ;  and  that  human  consciousness  of  some 
things  being  evil,  which  comes  by  natural  evolu- 
tion in  the  womb  of  a  creature. 

He  sees  absolutely,  as  God  does,  that  all  is 
good  ;  yet  he  sees  perfectly,  as  ordinary  men  do, 
that  some  things  are  evil  ;  for  he  embodies  in 
human  flesh  the  Higher  Logical  consciousness. 

He  sees  the  Abstract  as  God  the  Father  sees  it  ; 
but,  as  to  the  concrete,  he  has  limitations. 

But  although  he  has  the  dual  vision — of  God 
and  of  man — yet  he  is  not  two  consciousnesses 
but  One  Anointed. 

72 


A  PARAPHRASE 


One,  not  by  dragging  down  the  Divine  Vision 
to  be  a  servant  or  plaything  of  the  flesh  ;  but  by 
using  human  limitations  to  serve  divine  purposes. 

One  altogether  ;  not  because  he  himself  con- 
fuses between  his  divine  and  his  human  appre- 
hension ;  but  because  he  is  careful  not  to  make, 
on  his  weaker  brethren,  the  impression  of  a  dis- 
tracted personality. 

For,  as  reason  and  the  limitations  of  the  fleshly 
nature  combine  to  form  one  ordinary  man  ;  so 
the  divine  and  the  human  consciousness  form  One 
Anointed  Teacher. 

The  dual  consciousness  is  a  source  of  great 
suffering  ;  but  it  brings  the  divine  to  the  rescue 
of  mankind  ;  it  goes  down  to  the  depths  of  horror, 
but  finds  fresh  strength  there  ;  and  soon  rises 
from  its  apparent  death. 

It  transcends  human  limitations  ;  sees  more 
clearly  than  before  from  the  point  of  view  of 
Divine  Vision  ;  becomes  irresistible  ;  and  the 
standard  by  which  men  judge  the  Present  and  the 
Past. 

Then  mankind  rises  to  a  higher  standard  of 

73 


SOME  MASTER-KETS 


Tightness  ;  and  even  their  natural  perceptions 
become  keener  ;  and  they  can  understand  and 
explain  their  own  past  conduct. 

And  the  good  which  they  have  done  becomes  a 
permanent  possession  of  Humanity  ;  but  the  evil 
dies  away l  (in  three  or  four  generations). 

This  is  the  old  charter  of  human  freedom  ; 
which  except  a  man  remembers  faithfully,  he  can- 
not be  safe  in  investigating  the  mysteries  of  the 
Unseen  World. 

Therefore  let  us  give  reverence  to  all  modes  of 
manifestation  of  the  Divine  : 

Which  was  the  safe  thing  to  do  in  the  begin- 
ning of  History,  is  so  now,  and  will  be  so  as  long 
as  men  exist. 

All  this  I  do  steadfastly  believe. 

NOTE  i.  "The  unconscious  mind  of  man  is  an  organ 
which  functions  normally  towards  Monism."  It  should 
be  given  scope  for  this  activity.  The  Persons  or  Masks 
of  Divine  Unity  should  be  presented  severally  and 
separately  for  the  pupil's  conscious  reverence.  Attempts 

1  Visits  sins  for  three  or  four  generations  ;  but  keeps  mercy 
for  thousands  of  generations. — Second  Commandment. 

74 


A  PARAPHRASE 


by  teachers  to  point  out,  for  instance,  the  beauty  of  a 
mathematically  drawn  curve  (or  even  its  likeness  to  any 
natural  form)  or  the  mathematical  accuracy  of  one  drawn 
by  artistic  inspiration,  or  to  "draw  a  moral"  from  a 
lesson  in  science  or  art,  should  be  severely  discouraged. 
He  that  believeth  will  not  make  haste.  The  prurient 
teacher-lust  for  premature  unification  by  direct  appeal  to 
the  conscious  mind  of  the  pupil  is  the  result  of  lack  of 
faith  in  the  Unity  of  the  divine  sub-stance,  the  One-ness 
of  the  Truth  underlying  truths  learned  by  various 
methods.  Those  who  only  think  that  this  Unity  ought 
to  be  believed  have  a  restless  desire  to  assert  it ;  whereas 
those  who  actually  believe  it  are  content  to  wait  for  it  to 
assert  itself  in  the  proper  sphere  for  the  worship  of 
Unity  : — the  unconscious  mind  of  a  child. 

NOTE  2.  As  Inspiration  by  Synthesis  is  prone  to  be 
more  sudden,  more  intoxicating,  and  therefore  more 
likely  to  lead  men  astray,  than  the  pursuit  of  Science  or 
Ethics,  the  Christian  Churches  tried  to  warn  men  against 
the  danger  by  reminding  us,  in  every  possible  way,  and 
on  every  possible  occasion,  to  think  of  Inspiration  as  the 
work  of  a  Holy  Spirit. 


AFTERWORD 

THE  foregoing  will,  I  hope,  prove  adequate  to 
give  to  an  intelligent  reader  a  conception  of  what 
was  meant  in  ancient  Asia  and  Greece  by  the 
doctrine  of  the  Logos,  or  hidden  wisdom  ;  i.e.  the 
science  of  orderly  modes  of  intercommunication 
between  man  and  the  unseen  powers  which  are 
moulding  his  destiny. 

The  science  has  been  revived  in  Europe  several 
times,  but  each  time  for  only  short  periods  ;  there 
were  longer  periods  during  which  "  there  was," 
as  the  old  book  said  during  a  time  of  decadence 
in  Asia,  "  no  open  vision,"  that  is  to  say,  no  free 
communication  between  man  and  the  Unseen, 
unhampered  by  priests  and  conventions,  and 
without  need  of  the  intervention  of  any  special 
mediums. 

One  main  cause  of  decadence  always  is  the 
inadequacy  of  old  language  to  deal  with  the  new 


AFTERWORD 


order  of  material  facts.  The  newly  discovered 
material  facts  assert  themselves,  and  then  swamp 
out  the  great  vital  truths  as  expressed  in  the  old 
language. 

In  the  middle  of  the  last  century,  a  bold  attempt 
was  made  to  re-state  the  doctrine  of  the  Logos  in 
a  quite  new  kind  of  terminology,  not  language  at 
all  but  the  notations  of  the  telegraph  apparatus, 
the  physical  and  chemical  laboratories,  the  mathe- 
matical tripos.  As  usual,  lazy-minded  people  in 
possession  of  the  field  did  all  they  could  to  pre- 
vent the  sun  rising.  As  usual,  the  sluggard 
cried  out  : — "  There  is  a  lion  in  the  path."  As 
usual,  those  who  had  felt  the  divine  call  to  go 
forward  went  forward  in  spite  of  the  sluggards, 
who  were  really  there,  and  of  the  spectral  lion 
whom  the  sluggards  conjured  up,  and  whose  roar 
they  managed  to  imitate  successfully. 

I  have  fought  through  this  holy  war,  standing 
beside  one  or  other  of  the  generals,  for  seventy 
years,  having  received  my  first  lesson  in  the  Logos- 
doctrine,  when  I  was  nine  years  old,  mixed  in 
with  my  first  Rule  of  Three  sum.  For  seventy 

77 


SOME  MASTER-RETS 


years  I  have  been  accumulating  various  kinds  of 
information  about  the  possibility  of  expressing  the 
Logos-doctrine  in  laboratory  terminology.  It  will 
be  edited  by  my  pupils. 


THE  OPEN   ROAD   PRESS,   3   AMEN  CORNER,    LONDON,   E.G. 


The  Works  of  Mary  Everest  Boole 


LOGIC  TAUGHT  BY  LOVE 

Crown  8vo,  Art  Vellum,  35   6d.  net. 

MESSAGE  OF  PSYCHIC  SCIENCE  TO  THE 

WORLD  Crown  8vo,  Art  Canvas,  33.  6d.  net. 

SYMBOLICAL  METHODS  OF  STUDY 

Crown  8vo,  Art  Canvas,  35.  6d.  net. 

SUGGESTIONS  FOR  INCREASING  ETHICAL 

STABILITY  Royal  i6mo,  Art  Canvas,  2s.  6d.  net. 

PHILOSOPHY  AND  FUN  OF  ALGEBRA 

Royal  i6mo,  Art  Canvas,  2s.  net. 

MISTLETOE  AND  OLIVE 

Royal  i6mo,  Art  Canvas,  is.  6d.  net. 

A  WOODWORKER  AND  A  TENTMAKER 

Royal  ibmo,  Art  Canvas,  is.  6d.  net. 

MISS  EDUCATION  AND  HER  GARDEN 

Royal  i6mo,  Paper  Cover,  6d.  net. 

BOOLE'S  PSYCHOLOGY 

Crown  8vo,  Paper  Cover,  6d.  net. 

MATHEMATICAL  PSYCHOLOGY  OF  GRATRY 
AND  BOOLE  FOR  MEDICAL  STUDENTS 

Crown  8vo,  Art  Vellum,  35.  6d.  net. 

THE  PREPARATION  OF  THE  CHILD  FOR 
SCIENCE  Crown  8vo,  Cloth,  2s. 

THE  LOGIC  OF  ARITHMETIC 

Crown  8vo,  Cloth,  2s. 

THE  FORGING  OF  PASSION  INTO  POWER 

Demy  8vo,  Art  Canvas,  55.  net. 

WHAT  ONE  MIGHT  SAY  TO  A  SCHOOLBOY 

Royal  i6mo,  Paper  Cover,  6d.  net. 

SOME  MASTER-KEYS  OF  THE  SCIENCE  OF 
NOTATION  Royal  i6mo,  Art  Canvas,  2s.  net. 


LONDON:  c.  W.  DANIEL,  3  AMEN  CORNER,  E.G. 
— -_ „ — __ 


LOGIC  TAUGHT 
BY  LOVE 

RHYTHM   IN   NATURE   AND   IN 
EDUCATION 

A   set  of  articles  chiefly  on  the   light  thrown  on 

each  other  by  Jewish  Ritual  and 

Modern  Science 

By  MARY  EVEREST  BOOLE 

CROWN    8VO,  ART  VELLUM,  38.   6D.   NET 
LIST    OF    CHAPTERS 


1.  In    the    Beginning    was    the 

Logos. 

2.  The     Natural     Symbols      of 

Pulsation. 

3.  Geometric    Symbols    of   Pro- 

gress by  Pulsation. 

4.  The  Sabbath  of  Renewal. 

5.  The  Recovery  of  a  Lost   In- 

strument. 

6.  Babbage  on  Miracle. 
7    Gratry  on  Logic. 

Gratry  on  Study. 

Boole     and      the     Laws     of 

Thought. 

Singular  Solutions. 
Algebraizers. 
Degenerations  towards  Lunacy 

and  Crime. 
13.  The  Redemption  of  Evil. 


14.  The  Science  of  Prophecy. 

15.  Why   the    Prophet  should   be 

Lonely. 

16.  Reform,  False  and  True. 

17.  Critique  and  Criticasters. 

1 8.  The  Sabbath  of  Freedom. 

19.  The  Art  of  Education. 

20.  Trinity  Myths. 

21.  Study    of    Antagonistic 

Thinkers. 

22.  Our   Relation   to  the   Sacred 

Tribe. 

23.  Progress,  False  and  True. 

24.  The  Messianic  Kingdom. 

25.  An  Aryan  Seeress  to  a  Hebrew 

Prophet. 
Appendix  I. 
Appendix  II. 


LONDON:    C.   W.    DANIEL,   3   AMEN   CORNER,    E.G. 


THE    MESSAGE    OF 

PSYCHIC   SCIENCE 

TO  MOTHERS 

AND     NURSES 

By   MARY    EVEREST   BOOLE 
CROWN  8vo,  ART  CANVAS,  3s.  6d.  NET 

LIST  OF  CHAPTERS 

1.  The  Forces  of  Nature. 

2.  On  Development,  and   on    Infantile   Fever   as   a 

Crisis  of  Development. 

3.  On  Mental  Hygiene  in  Sickness. 

4.  On  the  Respective  Claims  of  Science   and   The- 

ology. 

5.  Thought  Transference. 

6.  On  Homoeopathy. 

7.  Conclusion. 

APPENDIX  : — 

1.  On  Phrenology. 

2.  List  of  Books  recommended  for  further  study. 

LONDON:   C.  W.  DANIEL,  3  AMEN  CORNER,  E.G. 


SYMBOLICAL  METHODS 
OF  STUDY 

A  set  of  very  short  studies  written  forty  years  ago  for 
resident  pupils  at  Queen's  College,  Harley  Street.  They 
were  intended  to  sow  seeds  which,  given  suitable  soil, 
should  in  later  years  produce  as  crop  a  sound  and  sane 
understanding  of  the  relation  between  the  physical  and 
the  mental  worlds.  Some  of  them  were  suggested  by  F.  D. 
Maurice  ;  others  by  James  Hinton  and  Benjamin  Betts. 

By    MARY    EVEREST    BOOLE 

CROWN  8VO,    ART  CANVAS,    38.    6D.    NET 


SUGGESTIONS 

FOR  INCREASING  ETHICAL 

STABILITY 

This  book  does  not  treat  of  any  question  as  to  what  is,  in 
itself,  moral  or  advisable  in  conduct.  It  deals  with  the 
other,  and  probably  more  important  subject : — what  kind 
of  personal  habits  tend  to  confer  the  power  of  avoiding 
steadily,  in  moments  of  excitement  or  of  intellectual 
fatigue,  whatever  one  thought  wrong  when  at  one's 
strongest,  calmest,  and  best. 

By    MARY    EVEREST    BOOLE 

ROYAL  l6MO,  ART  CANVAS,  2S.  6D.  NET 

LONDON  :    C.   W.   DANIEL,   3  AMEN   CORNER,   E.G. 


THE   PHILOSOPHY 

AND    FUN    OF 

ALGEBRA 

By  MARY  EVEREST  BOOLE 

ROYAL  16mo,  CLOTH,  2s.  NET 

One  main  object  of  this  book  is  to  protect  future  citizens 
from  fraud  by  accustoming  them  early  to  detect  the  difference 
between : — 

(a)  COMMERCIAL    ALGEBRA  :    The    Calculus    of   Numbers, 
Quantities,  and  Token-Values;   which  is  useful  in  every 
honest  business  and  can   be  audited  by  any  chartered 
accountant. 

(b)  COMMUNAL  OR  ELECTRICIAN'S  ALGEBRA  :  The  calculus 
of  Motion,  Tendency  and  Mental  Operation ;  which  is  use- 
ful to  all  who  have  to  study  the  action  of  Living  Forces, 
and   which   is    automatically   audited    by   the   immediate 
response,  or  lack  of  response,  of  fact  to  human  prediction. 

(c)  SWINDLER'S  ALGEBRA  :  A  subtle  compound  of  the  other 
two ;   the  use  of  which  is  to  enable   the  student  to  pass 
examinations  which  ought  to  exclude  him  ;  to  thrust  him- 
self into  educational  systems  which  he  is  unfit  to  profit  by  ; 
to  obtain  posts  the  duties  of  which  he  cannot  perform  ;  to 
cheat  the  public  by  getting  up  bubble  companies  ;  and  to 
live  in  luxury  on  the  fruits  of  other  people's  suffering  and 
toil.     It  escapes  all  auditing  until  it  is  audited  by  national 
disaster. 

LONDON  :   C.  W.  DANIEL,  3  AMEN  CORNER,  E.G. 


MISTLETOE  AND  OLIVE 

An  Introduction  for  Children  to  the  Life  of  Revelation 
By  MARY  EVEREST  BOOLE 

ROYAL     I6MO,     ART    CANVAS,     IS.    6D.     NET 
LIST   OF    CHAPTERS 


1.  Greeting  the  Rainbow. 

2.  God    hath    not    left    Himself 


3.  Out  of  Egypt  have  I  called  my 

Son. 

4.  Holding  up  the  Leader's  Hands. 

5.  Greeting  the  Darkness. 


6.  Blind  Guides. 

7.  Hard  Lessons  made  Easy. 


without  a  Witness. 

8.  The  Cutting  of  the  Mistletoe. 


9.  Genius  comes  by  a  Minus. 

10.  The  Rainbow  at  Sea,  or  the 
Magician's  Confession. 


A  WOODWORKER  AND 
A  TENTMAKER 

This  is  not  a  "  Life  of  Christ,"  but  a  humble  attempt  to 
throw  back  light,  from  some  modern  experiences,  on  the 
manner  in  which  certain  episodes  recorded  in  the  New 
Testament  may  have  come  about. 

By   MARY   EVEREST   BOOLE 

ROYAL  l6MO,  ART  CANVAS,   IS.  6D.  NET 

LONDON:  C.  W.  DANIEL,  3  AMEN  CORNER,  E.G. 


MISS     EDUCATION 
AND  HER  GARDEN 

A  Panoramic  View  of  the  great  Educational 
Blunders  of  the  igth  Century 

BY 
MARY   EVEREST   BOOLE 

ROYAL  16mo,  PAPER  COVER,  6d.  NET 

BOOLE'S 
PSYCHOLOGY 

AS    A    FACTOR    IN    EDUCATION 

To  the  same  purpose  as  "The  Psych- 
ology of  Gratry  and  Boole,"  viz.  as 
showing  the  light  thrown  on  the  human 
brain  by  the  evolution  of  mathematical 
process  ;  but  more  especially  adapted 
to  those  who  have  to  deal  with  prob- 
lems concerning  education. 

CROWN  8vo,  PAPER  COVERS,  6d.  NET 
LONDON:   C.  W.  DANIEL,  3  AMEN  CORNER,  E.G. 


MATHEMATICAL   PSYCHOLOGY 

OF  GRATRY  AND  BOOLE 

FOR   MEDICAL   STUDENTS 

Dedicated,  by  permission,  to  Dr  H.  Maudesley  as  a  contribution  to  the 
science  of  brain,  showing  the  light  thrown  on  the  nature  of  the  human 
brain  by  the  evolution  of  the  mathematical  process. 

By  MARY   EVEREST   BOOLE 

CROWN  8VO,   ART  VELLUM,    35.   6d.    NET 

THE  PREPARATION  OF  THE  CHILD 
FOR  SCIENCE 

This  book  was  written  in  response  to  a  complaint  from  teachers  of 
chemistry  and  physics,  who  stated  that  children  were  sent  up  to  them  so 
bewildered  as  to  the  meaning  and  use  of  scientific  notations  that  they  found 
it  almost  impossible  to  teach  them.  Mrs  Boole  was  asked  to  help  in  pre- 
paring children  to  understand  scientific  phraseology. 

The  book  is  addressed  to  adults. 

By  MARY   EVEREST   BOOLE 

CROWN   8VO,    CLOTH,    2S. 
(Clarendon  Press.) 


THE   LOGIC  OF  ARITHMETIC 

This  is  a  set  of  specimen  lessons,  on  the  notations  of  number  in  particular, 
such  as  might  be  actually  given  to  the  children. 

By   MARY   EVEREST  BOOLE 

CROWN   8VO,    CLOTH,    2S. 
(Clarendon  Press.) 


LONDON:    C.  W.  DANIEL,  3  AMEN  CORNER,   E.G. 


THE 

FORGING   OF   PASSION 
INTO   POWER 

BY 

MARY    EVEREST    BOOLE 

Demy  8vo,  Art  Canvas,  Gilt  Letters,  $s.  net. 

This  is  a  book  on  the  redemption  of  moral  waste.  It  suggests 
a  system  of  sewage  farming  applied  to  the  moral  and  educational 
world  ;  the  fertilisation  of  what  is  good  by  the  immediate 
utilisation  of  what  is  evil,  instead  of  letting  the  evil  flow  out  in 
waste  to  poison  the  rivers. 


IT   IS   INTENDED 

I.  For  those  who  do  not  understand  themselves. 
II.  For  those  who  cannot  express  themselves. 

III.  For  those  who  occupy  lonely,  obscure,  and  apparently 
ineffectual  positions. 

IV.  For  those  who  have  made  the  worst  of  their  best,  and 
who  would  make  the  best  of  their  worst. 

V.  For  those  who  think  heredity  too  strong  tor  them. 

VI.  For  the  victims   of  the   tyranny  of  those  who   do  not 

understand  the  laws  of  thought  and  the  nature  of  genius. 
VII.   For  those  who  wish  to  convert  their  vague  ideals  into 
effective  power  for  good. 

VIII.  For  those  who  bear  the  terrible  responsibility  of  exerting 
authority  over  children,  lunatics,  criminals,  sick  people, 
and  subject  races. 

LONDON:  C.  W.  DANIEL,  3  AMEN  CORNER,  E.G. 


SOME    MASTER-KEYS 

OF  THE  SCIENCE  OF 

NOTATION 

A  SEQUEL  TO  "  PHILOSOPHY  AND  FUN  OF  ALGEBRA" 

PRICE  2S.    NET. 

In  the  days  when  only  experts  could  read,  write, 
and  cipher,  anyone  who  could  do  those  things  was 
the  master  of  everyone  around  him  who  could  not. 
"We  have  changed  all  that"  since  somebody  in- 
vented printing  and  taught  the  masses  to  read 
language.  The  aim  of  the  present  volume  is  to 
give  a  further  emancipation  of  similar  kind. 

There  are  people  who  object  to  all  use  of 
notations  and  symbols.  They  may  be  right  in  the 
abstract,  but  that  question  does  not  come  into  the 
domain  of  "  practical  politics."  Both  notations  and 
symbols  are  being  extensively  used  in  ways  which 
somehow  mislead  the  public.  Strangely  enough, 
the  objectors  are  among  the  most  prone  to  be 
misled.  The  great  safeguard  would  be  to  throw 
open  to  everybody  the  mechanism  of  the  whole 
matter;  to  make,  as  it  were,  every  man,  woman 
and  child  his  or  her  own  notationist. 

LONDON:   C.  W.  DANIEL,  3  AMEN  CORNER,  E.G. 


WHAT  ONE  MIGHT 

SAY  TO 
A  SCHOOLBOY 

By 
MARY    EVEREST    BOOLE 

ROYAL   I6MO,   6D.    NET 

This  booklet  has  very  little  to  say  on  the  sex 
question  itself.  Its  object  is  to  put  that  matter 
out  of  its  present  position  of  alternate  special 
fascination  and  special  dread  by  merging  it  in 
the  more  general  question  of  the  duty  of  boys 
to  prepare  themselves  for  using  all  the  faculties 
they  have  for  the  service  of  humanity. 

LONDON  :   C.  W.  DANIEL,  3  AMEN  CORNER,  E.G. 


THE    CHILDREN 
ALL   DAY   LONG 

BY 
E.  M.  COBHAM 

CROWN  8vo,  CLOTH,  Is.   NET; 
POSTAGE  Id. 

This  book  does  not  deal  with  the  school- 
room, or  formal  'education/  but  with  the 
probable  effects  on  future  character  of  a 
child's  games,  pets,  pocket-money  and  gar- 
den, of  the  infinite  number  of  small  pushes 
and  pressures  in  different  directions  given 
by  little  unimportant  acts  such  as  every 
child  does  every  day  and  keeps  on  doing 
all  day  long. 

LONDON:   C.  W.  DANIEL,  3  AMEN    CORNER,  E.C. 


14  DAY  USE 

RETURN  TO  DESK  FROM  WHICH  BORROWED 

LOAN  DEPT. 

This  book  is  due  on  the  last  date  stamped  below,  or 

on  the  date  to  which  renewed. 
Renewed  books  are  subject  to  immediate  recall. 


,       2»Augf60MM 

^0lP 

*&&                 a*t\ 

,,-1    \^^ 

sail 

t 

SENT  ON  ILL 

- 

MAY  2  0  1994 

U.  C.  BERKELEY 

.  

V 

\ 

1 

\ 

YB  22493 


911367 


THE  UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  LIBRARY