Some neuropterous insects from Szechwan, China

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NATURAL
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B FIELDIANA . ZOOLOGY

Published by
CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM

Volume 31 APRIL 11, 1947 No. 12

SOME NEUROPTEROUS INSECTS
FROM SZECHWAN, CHINA

NATHAN BANKS

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY

The neuropterous insects collected for Chicago Natural History
Museum by Herbert Stevens in 1929, in the course of the Kelley-
Roosevelts Asiatic Expedition to Szechwan, include a number of
species of much interest; six are new and others have not been
recorded since their original description. All are described or
recorded herein. Types, except as otherwise indicated, are in the
collection of Chicago Natural History Museum.

Order Neuroptera
Family Hemerobiidae

Hemerobius vaillanti Navas

Hemerobius vaillanti Navas, Broteria (Zool.), 24, p. 25, 1927.

Two females from Tu-pa-keo, September 5, altitude 7,400 feet.
Described from Kansu.

The cross-vein from medius runs very obliquely and ends at or
just beyond the origin of the first radial sector.

Boriomys sinica Tjeder

Boriomyia sinica Tjeder, Arkiv Zool., 29A, No. 8, p. 10, 1937.

One female, from Shuangyo to Tu-pa-keo, August 29. Described
from South Kansu.

Phlebiomus yunnanus Navas

Phlebiomus yunnanus Navas, Rev. Acad. Cien. Zaragoza, 7, p. 23, 1923.

Several from Tu-pa-keo, September 4 to 8, altitude 7,400 feet.
Described from "Distr. de Yunnan-Fou."

The genus is hardly more than a subgenus of Micromus. Some
of the costal cross-veins are connected; otherwise it is a Micromus.
Eumicromus dissimilis Nakahara from Japan belongs to this genus.

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98 FIELDIANA: ZOOLOGY, VOLUME 31

Allemerobius flaveolus Banks

Allemerobius flaveolus Banks, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 88, p. 184, 1940.

From Tu-pa-keo, September 7. Described from Mount Omei,
Li Fan, and Weichow, all in Szechwan.

Neuronema sinensis Tjeder

Neuronema sinensis Tjeder, Arkiv Zool., 29A, No. 8, p. 6, 1937.

Various specimens from Shuangyo to Tu-pa-keo, August 28, 30,
September 2; and Tu-pa-keo, September 4, 6, 8. Described from
South Kansu.

Family Chrysopidae
Chrysopa kiansuensis Navas

Chrysopa kiansuensis Navas, Notes d'Ent. Chinoise, Mus. Heude, 1, fasc. 14,
p. 3, 1934.

From Tu-pa-keo, September 4.

There are but six cubital cross-veins beyond the divisory, other-
wise it appears normal. Described from Loubow, Kiangsu.

Chrysopidia fuscata Navas

Chrysopidia fuscata Navas, Rev. Russ. d'Ent., 14, p. 12, 1914.

Tu-pa-keo, September 5, 7. Described from Tali, Yunnan.

The pronotum is about as broad as long, narrowed in front; the
antennae do not show the stripe on the basal joint; in one specimen
the sides of the pronotum are plainly dark, in others scarcely at all;
the inner gradates do not extend basally.

Tumeochrysa immaculata Navas

Tumeochrysa immaculata Navas, Broteria (Zool.), 9, p. 56, 1910.

From Shuangyo to Tu-pa-keo, August 30, and Tu-pa-keo,
September 5 to 7.

There is much variation in the forking of the anal vein, and in the
course of the divisory veinlet, and some also in the hind wings. In
one specimen the divisory veinlet is of the Nothochrysa type in both
wings, in another of the Chrysopa type, in others Chrysopa type in
one wing, Nodita type in the other. In some specimens the anal
vein ends in one forked and one simple vein, in others it ends in two
forked veins, and in one in three forked veins. There may be two
or but one branch from the third cubital cell to the margin; in one
the basal vein is simple, in one the branch does not run into the end

J i BANKS: NEUROPTEROUS INSECTS FROM SZECHWAN 99

of the anal vein as in most specimens; sometimes there is an occa-
sional cross-vein in the costal or radial area.

The joints of the antennae are short, usually about as broad as
long; thus Tumeochrysa belongs to the primitive group along with
Nadiva, Goliva, Anomalochrysa, Abachrysa, and an undescribed
genus from Australia.

In the great number of cross-veins in the middle area of the fore-
wing Tumeochrysa is nearer to Anomalochrysa; the South American
forms usually have few if any extra cross-veins, and the gradates
form very long rows; but the divisory and anal veins are more
irregular in some of the neotropical forms than any of the allied
genera. Chrysoplectra Navas is a synonym of Tumeochrysa. T.
immaculata was described from "Tein-Tsuen (China)."

Family Osmylidae

Thyridosmylus epiphanes Navas

Thyridosmylus epiphanes Navas, Publ. Junta Cien. Nat. Barcelona, (Zool.),
11, p. 16, 1917.

From Shuangyo to Tu-pa-keo, August 29, and Tu-pa-keo,
September 8; altitude 7,400 feet. The genus is hardly more than a
subgenus of Spilosmylus. It was described from Tali, Yunnan.

Osmylus posticatus sp. nov.

Type from Tu-pa-keo, Szechwan, China. Altitude 7,400 feet.
Male. Collected September 8, 1929.

Paratype. — A female, same data as the type, in the Museum of
Comparative Zoology.

Description. — In general appearance much like the Japanese D.
tessellatus, with dark spots over much of forewings; these spots,
however, are larger in the posterior part of the wing and here some
of them tend to form two oblique brown streaks reaching from the
hind margin outward (in tessellatus when there are streaks they
extend obliquely toward base). Some dark spots along costal area,
longer near stigma. The outer gradate series heavily marked with
brown, and often spots extending basally; inner gradates less marked
with brown; most of the radial cross-veins brown. and several long
brown streaks in the cubital area; outer and hind margins spotted
with brown, often extending inwardly; venation almost wholly
dark; in hind wings no spots except in stigmal area; venation dark.

The head is- yellowish, a black W-mark under bases of antennae,
and a fainter brown V-mark above them, a faint brownish band

100 FIELDIANA: ZOOLOGY, VOLUME 31

across clypeus, and some brown marks on posterior part of vertex;
antennae brown. Pronotum yellowish brown in the middle, darker
on the margins; meso- and metanotum dark on sides, pleura more
yellowish, but with brown patches; abdomen dark brown above, but
little paler beneath; legs pale yellowish, tips of all tibiae distinctly
dark. Structure in general similar to other species.

The costal cross-veins, except a few near the base, are usually
forked near the margin; the middle area of the forewings is very
densely reticulate, some longer cells before the inner gradates; the
area between the gradates rarely with cross- veins; about nine inner
gradates and about fourteen outer ones; about eleven branches of
the radial sector before the stigma. In hind wings, the inner row of
gradates irregular, the outer row even, and of about fifteen veinlets.

Length of forewing 20.5 mm., width 7 mm.

Order Corrodentia

Family Psocidae
Psocus gibbosus Sulzer

Psocus gibbosus Sulzer, Abgek. Gesch. d. Insecten, p. 173, 1776.
Three from Tu-pa-keo, September 3 to 5, altitude 7,400 feet;
between Shuangyo and Tu-pa-keo, August 30.

A species widely common in Europe and northern Asia.

Order Plecoptera
Family Perlidae

Kamimuria fulvescens Klapalek

Kamimuria fulvescens Klapalek, Casopis, Spol. Ent., 9, pp. 89, 105, 1912.

From Ta-tsien-lu, June 19. Described from Mow-Pin and
Chen-si, China.

Kamimuria latior Klapalek

Kamimuria latior Klapalek, Casopis, Spol. Ent., 9, pp. 91, 105, 1912.

Between Ta-tsien-lu and Uulong-Kong, June 11, 13, and below
Che-to, June 3. Described from between Sogon Gomba and river
I-Tschu, China.

Order Trichoptera
Family Limnephilidae

I lalesinus tenuicornis Ulmer

Halesinus tenuicornis Ulmer, Notes Leyden Mus., 29, p. 4, 1907.

BANKS: NEUROPTEROUS INSECTS FROM SZECHWAN 101

From Tu-pa-keo, September 3, 4, 6, altitude 7,400 feet, and
between Shuangyo and Tu-pa-keo, August 30.

Pseudostenophylax ampins McLachlan

Pseudostenophylax amplus McLachlan, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6), 13, p. 421,
1894.

From Uulong-Kong, June 27, altitude 11,500 to 13,000 feet.
Described from "Tachienlu, Szetschwan."

Pseudostenophylax grahami Martynov

Pseudostenophylax grahami Martynov, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 79, p. 12, 1931.

From Tu-pa-keo, September 4, altitude 7,400 feet. Described
from Mount Omei and Yellow Dragon Temple, Szechwan.

Pseudostenophylax brevis Banks

Pseudostenophylax brevis Banks, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 88, p. 216, 1940.

From Uulong, south of Ta-tsien-lu, June 26, altitude 11,200 feet!
Described from Washan, Szechwan.

Evanophanes insignis Banks

Evanophanes insignis Banks, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 88, p. 211, 1940.

Three from Tu-pa-keo, September 3, 7, altitude 7,400 feet.
Described from Washan, Szechwan. Previously known from the
unique type in the United States National Museum.

Family Rhyacophilidae
Himalopsyche alticola Banks

Himalopsyche alticola Banks, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 88, p. 200, 1940.

From Tu-pa-keo, September 3, 4, 8, altitude 7,400 feet, and on
march from Shuangyo to Tu-pa-keo, August 29. Described from
several localities in Szechwan.

Himalopsyche placida sp. nov. Figure 9.

Holotype from Tu-pa-keo, Szechwan, China. Altitude 7,400
feet. Male. Collected September 7, 1929.

Paratype. — A male, collected between Shuangyo and Tu-pa-keo,
Szechwan, August 29, 1939; in the Museum of Comparative Zoology.

Description. — Head yellowish brown, thorax brown, abdomen
brown above, yellowish below; palpi pale, antennae yellowish, each
joint with a brown band above; legs yellowish, front and middle
tibiae with a dark band near middle and a broader dark band before

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FIELDIANA: ZOOLOGY, VOLUME 31

tip, basitarsus dark at tip, hind legs unmarked; male genitalia
yellowish.

Forewings much like other species, very pale, and reticulate or
marmorate with brown, the brown spots in costal area very distinct,
and in middle of wings the brown reticulation distinct and not so
restricted to near veins as in H. alticola; the pale veins interrupted
by brown streaks; hind wings hyaline, faintly brownish in front
and at tip, veins yellowish. Structure and venation similar to
H. alticola.

Male appendages similar to those of H. navasi and H. excisa.
The broad basal part of the superior appendages is much longer than

FIG. 9. Himalopsyche placida, genitalia from side.

in navasi; they are wide apart at base, but come together in a broad
curve above the widest part of the inferior appendages; from thence
is a very slender process tipped with spines. The inferior appendages
are much broader in the middle than in navasi. The absence of
wing-markings readily separates this species f rom» navasi. It differs
from excisa in that the lower part of the inferior appendages is more
slender, and the superior appendages are not nearly as broad, nor
as long. Also, it has a slender apical part, lacking in excisa.
Length of forewing 15-16 mm., width 5-5.5 mm.

Himalopsyche hageni Banks

Himalopsyche hageni Banks, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 88, p. 197, 1940.

Between Shuangyo and Tu-pa-keo, August 28, altitude 8,400 to
10,000 feet. Described from Ta-tsien-lu, Szechwan.

Rhyacophila sinensis Martynov

Rhyacophila sinensis Martynov, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 79, p. 1, 1931.

Between Shuangyo and Tu-pa-keo, August 29. Described from
Songpan, Szechwan.

BANKS: NEUROPTEROUS INSECTS FROM SZECHWAN 103

Rhyacophila marcida sp. nov. Figure 10.

Holotype from Tu-pa-keo, Szechwan, China. Altitude 7,400
feet. Male. Collected September 6, 1929.

Allotype. — A female, labeled "Probably Szechuan 1929, H.
Stevens."

Paratype. — A female, same data as the allotype; in the Museum
of Comparative Zoology.

Description. — Head and thorax black, abdomen dark above,
paler beneath; legs beyond the dark coxae very pale, tarsi darker;
basal joint of antennae black, pale beyond, each joint with a brown

FIG. 10. Rhyacophila marcida, clasper from side, and penis.

band across the middle; male genitalia dull yellowish; wings nearly
black, a white mark on forking of medius, and white spots on outer
margin, one in each space. Many long, curved black bristles on face,
vertex, pronotum, and mesonotum, shorter but denser on basal pal-
pal joints, last joint of palpus a little longer than preceding joints.

In forewings, fork two extends back a little before fork one, forks
three, four, and five are subequal in length, fork four is wider at tip
than others; medius forks a little before forking of radial sector; in
hind wings fork two is also before fork one. The lower appendage
of the male is quite broad and rather deeply divided, the lower part
almost twice as broad as the upper; the under side of the upper part
has a row of short stout spines or teeth, and the sixth sternite has a
small apical tooth in the middle. In the female, the terminal seg-
ments are slender and extensile, the last with a bilobed tip.

Length of forewing: male 8 mm., female 9.5 mm.

Glossosoma aequalis Banks

Glossosoma aequalis Banks, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 88, p. 202, 1940.

104

FIELDIANA: ZOOLOGY, VOLUME 31

Many specimens from Tu-pa-keo, September 4, 7, altitude
7,400 feet, and on march between Shuangyo and Tu-pa-keo, alti-
tude 8,400 to 10,000 feet, August 31. Described from Beh Luh Din,
Wenchuan, and Kuanshien, all in Szechwan.

Glossosoma minutum sp. nov. Figure 11.

Holotype from Tu-pa-keo, Szechwan, China,
feet. Male. Collected September 4, 1929.

Altitude 7,400

FIG. 11. Glossosoma minutum. a, venation near discal cell; b, tip of abdo-
men from side, and base of fore wings of male.

Allotype. — A female, same data as the type.

Paratypes. — Two specimens, same data as the holotype; one in
the Museum of Comparative Zoology.

Description. — Body brown, abdomen above black; legs yellowish,
spurs nearly black; antennae yellowish, basal joint darker; palpi
dark brown; wings yellowish brown. Many stiff, curved black
bristles on head, basal joints of palpi, and pronotum.

Venation much as in other species; the discal cell moderately
broad, fork two extending back nearly halfway on cell, fork three
almost as far back as fork two, fork four short and quite broad, fork
five much longer and with only a very short pedicel; the area at
anal base of forewing very slender, almost twice as slender as in
G. anale, the surface covered with minute gray scale-like hair.

The tip of the abdomen of the male is greatly enlarged and
rounded above and behind, almost bulbous; below is a long process
enlarged at middle and forked, the upper prong hardly one-half
of the lower and more pointed.

In the female the discal cell is more slender, the midfemur rather
long and thick, the tibia much shorter and broader; the abdomen
is dark at tip and with extensile tube.

Length of forewing 4.5 mm.

BANKS: NEUROPTEROUS INSECTS FROM SZECHWAN 105

Family Hydropsychidae
Stenopsyche navasi Ulmer

Stenopsyche navasi Ulmer, Arch. Naturg., 91, Abt. 1, Heft 5, p. 37, 1925.

Between Uulong-Kong and Ving-Kuan-chiai, July 8, and between
Shuangyo and Tu-pa-keo, August 29. Described from Tient Tsuen,
Shantung Province, China.

Philopotamus sinensis Banks

Philopotamus sinensis Banks, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 88, p. 209, 1940.

Many specimens from Tu-pa-keo, September 4, 6, 7, altitude
7,400 feet, and on march from Shuangyo to Tu-pa-keo, August 30.
Described from Wenchuan, Jedo Pass, and 0-Er, all in Szechwan.

Hydropsyche rhomboana Martynov

Hydropsyche rhomboana Martynov, Ann. Mus. Zool. St. Petersbourg, 14,
p. 302, 1909.

From Tu-pa-keo, September 4, 7. Described from eastern Tibet,
but since recorded from Szechwan.

Hydropsyche waltoni Martynov ,

Hydropsyche waltoni Martynov, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1930, p. 78, 1930.
On march from Shuangyo to Tu-pa-keo, August 28, 29. The

specimens at hand agree well with a paratype in the Museum of

Comparative Zoology. Described from Tibet.

Plectrocnemia tortosa sp. nov. Figure 12.

Holotype from Tu-pa-keo, Szechwan. Altitude 7,400 feet.,
Male. Collected September 6, 1929.

Allotype. — A female, same data as the holotype.

Paratypes. — Three males and two females, same locality as the
holotype, September 4-6; one female, labeled "Probably Szechuan
1929, Kelley-Roosevelts Exped., H. Stevens." A female and two
male paratypes in the Museum of Comparative Zoology.

Description. — Body brown to yellowish brown; palpi brownish;
antennae pale yellowish, banded with brown, and more brown toward
tips; legs dull yellowish; forewings dull yellowish to hyaline, with
some brown marks, in male mostly in costal and nearby areas, in
anal area, and along cubital vein; in female marked all over with
brown, marmorate, with larger spots at end of anal vein and another
a little before and above it; hair dull yellowish, veins brown; hind

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FIELDIANA: ZOOLOGY, VOLUME 31

wings scarcely marked except just beyond the separation of sub-
costa and radius.

In forewings the discal cell is longer than its pedicel, longer than
in P. conspersa, fork one about equal to its pedicel, fork two reaching
back a little on discal cell, fork three with a short pedicel, fork
four reaching back a little on median cell, fork five plainly wider
near base than elsewhere, wider than tip of median cell, and then

FIG. 12.
c, from side.

Plectrocnemia tortosa. Genitalia: a, from above; b, from below;

much narrowed before end. In hind wing fork five is also much
widened near the base.

In the male genitalia there are two short projections above near
the middle, and below them a pointed tip; from each side arises a
slender, slightly sinuous, chitinous rod; the interior plates are very
prominent, broad, the inner tip projecting, the end a little concave,
and oblique; the penis is plain and rounded at the tip, but plainly
enlarged a little before the tip.

Length of forewing: male 8-9 mm., female 12 mm.

Arctopsyche difformis sp. nov. Figure 13.

Holotype from between Shuangyo and Tu-pa-keo, Szechwan.
Male. Collected September 2, 1929.

Allotype. — A female from Tu-pa-keo, Szechwan. Altitude
7,400 feet. Collected September 4, 1929.

Paratypes. — Five males, one female, and one specimen of unde-
termined sex, same locality as the allotype, September 4-7; one
female, same locality as the holotype, August 29. A female and
two male paratypes in the Museum of Comparative Zoology.

Description. — Head brown; body brown to yellowish brown;
antennae dull yellowish, basal joint brown, some joints near base
dark at tip; legs yellowish; forewings densely marmorate with brown,
some large pale spots in costal and subcostal areas and similar spots

BANKS: NEUROPTEROUS INSECTS FROM SZECHWAN 107

along outer margin, one between each pair of veins; a dark spot on
the ends of the veins; hind wings unmarked. Head with the warts
as in A. lagodensis, maxillary palpi a little longer than in that species.
The venation similar to lagodensis except that the discal cell is much
longer, fully three times as long as broad, the median cell also longer
than in other species. The male genitalia very different from lago-
densis, more like Diplectrona. The sheath of penis a broad flat

FIG. 13. Arctopsyche difformis. Genitalia: a, from below; 6, from side;
c, from above.

piece, nearly hyaline; the claspers indistinctly two-pointed, the outer
part slender, curved and sharp-pointed. The superior plate short
and broad, well rounded out, with two short processes at middle of
margin; from below them project two short, curved, spine-like
processes. The penis, seen from the side, is greatly enlarged below
shortly before the tip.

Length of forewing: male 9-10 mm., female 12 mm.

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