Some pioneers of Washington County, Pa. A family history

aass.
Book.

SOME PIONEERS

Washington County, Pa,

A FAMILY HISTORY

F. S. READER

1902:

Prbss of F. S. Reader & Son,

new brighton, pa.

'i. V' '■-

p.

Puol.
4F'C3

-S'^^n

PREFACE.

This family history centers iu one of the pioneer fami-
lies of Washington county, Pa., Colonel William Wallace
and Elizabeth Hopkins, his wife, who were born, reared
and married in Montgomery county, Md., and built their
home in the wilds of Western Pennsylvania. From this
central point the history of the ancestors and descendants
o" rAl the families connected with this couple in the United
States is given, so far as it has been possible to secure the
facts; and it is a typical history of the pioneers generally,
who have built up the waste places and made them possible
for human habitation. The ancestors of Ck)lonel Wallace
were among the pioneers and early settlers of the territory
now included in Montgomery county, Md.

The facts for the compilation of this history, were
obtained from the Court records of Prince George, Frederick,
Montgomery and Anne Arundel counties, Md., and Wash-
ington county. Pa.; Archives of Maryland, New Hampshire
and Pennsylvania; Library of Congress; Col. T. H. S. Boyd's
history of Montgomery county, Md.; Hon. Boyd Crumrine's
and Alfred T. Creigh's histories, and Baer & Co's Com-
memorative 'Biographical Record, of Washington county,
Pa.; History of the Early Churches Washington county.
Pa.; Virginia Genealogies by Rev. Horace E. Hayden; the

Genealogical Collection of John H. Wallace. Esq.. New
York: and .such family histories as could be secured.

No material has been used without A'eritication by
means of all sources of information that could be secured,
and every family line and historical statement relating to
the families mentioned, is believed to be accurate and
reliable.

It is simply a family history, and it is hoped will interest
and protit those directly interested, and all who are curious
to trace family growth.

CONTENTS.

I. THE WALLACES, MONTGOAIERY COrXTY, MD.

Chapter. Page.

L Early Settlements — Brothers Lndlstry 1

IL Ellekslie, Scotland-America 7

III. Ja.mes Wallace Family 14

IV. The Hopkins Family 22

\'. William Wallace Family 32

II. THE WALLACES, WASHINGTON COUNTY, PA.

I. Pioneer Life 37

II. Home and Social Life 46

III. Reyolutionaky Seryick 56

IV. Political Life 60

V. Rentley Family 64

\I Orker (tregc. Families 72

III. REV. JOHN SAIITH FAMILY.

I. Key. John S.mith 79

II. Hlgh Scott Family S4

III. S.mith-White Family 88

I\'. Smith -Wallace FA^HLY 93

IV. THE READER FAMILY.

I. William Reader 101

II. Reader- Wall ACE T 106

III. JA^^•:s-CHARLES Reader [Marked chap. IV. in error]-- HI

1\'. Henry Reader-George Trumik) 117

\' Francis Reader-Catherine Ja.mes 121

\I. Fkancis Reader-Eleanor B. S.mith 127

I.

THE WALLACES,

Montgomery County, Md.

COAT-OF-ARMS,

WALLACES OF ELDERSLIE,

SCOTLAND.

ARMS. AZ. A LION RAMPANT ARC. WITHIN A
BDKHURE, COUNTER COMPONY AKC;. AND AZ.

CREST. Ax OSTRICH holding in his BEAK
A HORSESHOE PPR.

MOTTO. LiBEKTAS Optima Resumi.
(Fro.m "Virginia Genealogies," by per-

.VIISSION of THE AUTHOR, REV. HORACE E.

Hayden>.

CHAPTER I.

Eakly Skttlements— Bkothkus Indistky

The earliest .settlouients in that part of Maryhuul
now known as Montgomery county, in which the Wallaces
of wliom this history treats were residents, began about
1050, thoiigh the first person to ■ascend the Potomac river to
the head of navigation, was the hardy and adventurous fur
trader, Henry Fleet, the English navigator, who explored
the country in 1(J25. lie descril)ed it as abounding in game,
such as deer, buffalos, bears and tin-keys, while the river
was full of all kinds of fish, the hunting and fishing for
wliich constituted the chief employment of the Aborigines,
consisting of the Indian' tribes of Yoacomicos, Anacostians,
IMscataways, Senecas and Patuxents, all under control of
the six nations. The country was attractive and fertile, and
soon after Fleet's visit, prospectois made their way among
the Indians and gained their good will, after which settlei's
began to enter and make their homes.

The first settlements were along the banks of Rock
creek, emptying into the Potomac, between Georgetown
and Washington. D. C, extending up both banks of the
stream as far as Rockville, the county seat. Tlience settlers

2 THE WALLACES— MONTGOMERY COUNTY, MD.

souiilit the Tatuxeiit and coiitiiuied to spread along tlie
hanks of this stream as far as Snell's hridge. Then the part
of the county lying west of Rock Creek towards the Poto-
nKic, and north and east of Rockville, seems to have at-
tracted the attention of the settlers, and next came the flat
red lands along the I'otomac, in the vicinity of Darnes-
town and Poolesville.

AnH)ng tlie tirst of recorded patents for land were in
ItlSS. lying along Rock Creek, and an evidence of tlie rapid
growth of tlie Province of Maryland is seen in the fact.
th;it from tlie time of the earliest patents until the patent-
ing of Brothers Industry, the ancestral lioine of the Wal-
laces, in 17l'2. a large portion of the present Montgomery
county was patented.

Thi'U followed an era of plenty, peace and liappiness,
during wlilcli the ohl tobacco planters witli tiieir baronial
estates and armies of slaves, felled the forests and planted
tiie virgin soil in tobacco and Indian corn. They feasted
and frolicked and fox hunted, making the most of their
life, building up a race of lirave and liardy men. whose
love of lilterty had much to do with the founding of uur
Repul)lic. In less than a century after this denuding of for-
ests and exhaustion of soil began, few forests were left
and no ne\v lands to till, and then emigration began. From
1700 there «-as an almost constant stream of emigration
from the county, to the more fertile cotton tields of the
stnitli and the rich new lands of the west.

Colonel T. II. 8. P.oyd, from whose history of Mont-
gomery county many of the foregoing facts are obtained,
says of the settlers of the county: "By examining the

EARLY SETTLEMENTS-BROTHERS INDUSTRY.

names and titles given the various tracts, it will be found
tliat our forefathers were gentlemen of education and re-
rinement—they came to the new woi'ld to estaliHsli a conn-
try and home, where lil)erty of thought and freedom of
speech were to be the fundamental principles upon Avhicli
to base their structure."

Rev. Horace E. Hayden, author of "Virginia Genealo-
gies," says of the earlier settlers of our country, in the pre-
face to the work: "New England families are mainly de-
scended from forefathers who left the mother country early
in the seventeenth centuiy. Those of the middle and south-
ern staves, mainly from those who came to America during
the third and fourth quarters of that century. * * * *

The element that gave being to New England, like that
which made permanent colonies of Maryland and Virginia,
was composed of the younger sons of titled families,
esquires, gentlemen, merchants, yeomen and tradesmen-
men of gentle blood. * * * *

The j^ounger sons and their descendants whom the law
of entail cut off from hereditary estates or the means of sup-
port, formed a large proportion of the Virginia colonists of
the seventeenth century. * * * * *

The religious fervor of the New England settlers, made
it a virtue to sever all connection with the mother country
before the Revolution. Hence many New England families
purposely ignored the English pedigree. The patriotic feel-
ing of the Maryland and Virginia colonists during the
Revolution led to a similar neglect. Hence it is that this
volume contains only two families that show proof of di-
rect and ancient lines of descent, i. e., Peyton and Wallace."

THE WALLACES— MONTGOMERY COrXTV, MI).

It is claimefl that a colony of ►Scotch people, probably
ROUS of the landed gentry described by Rev. Hayden. made
a settlement in the last quarter of the seventeenth century,
within the limits of wliat is now tlie District of Colund)ia.
and called their adopted home "Xew Scotland. '"

It is probabU' tliat this colony Mas ;i part of the .ucneral
settlement of that section of Maryland, wiiich was coni-
]>osed largely of Scotch. \Yhatever the settlements were, or
whatever called, there is no doubt the Wallaces were
' amonj;' them, who claimed to l)e the descendants of the
Scotch nobles of that name: and whose conraue and enter-
prise led them to seelv in the new world a home for them-
selves. wheVe they could carve a name and fortune wortliy
their ability and character.

^The first mention of the Wallaces in th(> records of what
is now ^lonforomery county. 'SU\.. was August S. IIP*, wlicn
James Wallace, merchant, gave a mortgage to John Hide,
of London, ami on ;\Iay 8. 3711 deiMp'd certain property to
John Hide in payment of the mortgage. August 2."'>. ITIo.
James Wallace merchant about to go to England, appointed
John P.r.-idford his power of attorney.

Xothing further appears in tlie records until ITi'l. when
tlie following transaction was recorded, being the founda-
tion of the Wallace Homestead of 'JSrotlicrs Industry."
whicji has been in part at least, in possession of some one
of the Wallace descendants luili! tlie present time, Capt.
James Andei-son. a descendant, of Uoclcville, Md., having
an interest in it.

This tract of land lies ba<-k of Cabin John Bridge, about
two miles from where this famous creek enters the Poto-

EARLY vSETTLEMENTS-BROTHERS INDUSTRY.

luac river, and is a beautiful place, the ground in good con-
dition and valualile.

The family records of the Wallaces show, that on the
Itioad acres of Brothers Industry, the family home of Wil-
liam Wallace, son of James Wallace, of perhaps 500 acres,
was given the name of Ellerslie, in remembrance of the
Wallace home in Scotland, founded more than 500 years
before.

Tlie following is the entry: "Land Office at Annapolis,
Md., Liber I. L. No. A. page 340. Md. ss. : Whereas on the
21st day of the instant, there was a warrant granted me
one of his Lordship's land officers, foi"'490 acres of land, be-
i)ig due to me b.v nutiee of an assignment to me of that
grant of land by Daniel Dulaney of the city of Annapolis
Ksq. I do therc'fore for a valuable consideration in hand re-
CiMved of William \Yallace. of Prince (4eorge county, plant-
ei-. for myself, my heirs and assigns, sell and make over to
tlic said Uilliam \^'allace. liis luMrs, executors and acbnin-
jstrators. all my right and title, mentioned in the afore-
said warrant. Witness my hand and seal this 27th day of
December 1721. .lOHN BRADFORD."

Und(»i- date of Aju-il 1(>. 1722. William Wallace assigned
tins land to James Wallace, and the latter then owned, ac-
(•(irding to the Maryland records, three tracts o( land in
I'rince George counitv amounting to 1.42!) acres. On the
If.tli of Ajti'il 1722. James Stoddard. Deputy Surveyor of
PiMiice (George county, signed the following certificate: "l
have surveyed all that tract of land called Brothers In-
dustry in I'rince George county, vi'/. : 1.429 acres more or
less.-'

6 THE WALLACES— MONTGOMERY COUNTY, MD.

It will be observed that the land officer, John Bradford,
who sold the land to William Wallace, was the same ap-
pointed by James Wallace his power of attorney, when he
went to England in 1710.

The following record, dated November 1, 172f5, appears
in Book M-, Prince George County: "James Wallace, planter,
and his wife, Mary, of Prince George county, and WiHi.ini
Wallace, planter of said county, having contributed to the
expense of surveying a tract of land called Brothers In-
dustry, surveyed and granted to said James Wallace, for
divers considerations conveys to said William Wallace
live hundred acres more or less of said tract."

These two brothers were the founders of two families
of the name in that county, whose descendants have set-
tled in several different states, and proved themselves
worthy sons of the Republic. They were all planters and
merchants at first, but soon they began to enter the pro-
fessions and served as creditably there as in other voca-
tions.

EARLY SETTLEMExNTS— BROTHERS INDUSTRY.

(Read after paragraph three, page four).

The lirst record of the ^Vall;u•('s in Maryland was of
one Matliew Walhu-e, l»elieved to be the pi'o.uenitor of all
tiie AValhices in the State, who came there in the latter
l>art of the Seventeenth century, and in 1(;'.>4 was .^ranted
a patent for a tract of land in Somerset county. 'Sid., called
"Kirkminstei-."" the tirst patent granted to a Wallace in the
State. He seems to have had at least three sons, named
William. James and Ko))ert. of whom William left a will
dated Ki'.KS. In which he names his brothers James an<l Koli-
ert. but no children. Itoberfs name does not again ajjpear
in the records.

"New Scotland" doubtless attracted them, and a part
of the family i)ecame members of that colony, among whom
it seems was James Walla7-e. mentioned in paragraph three
page four, father no doubt of James and William Wallace
OL P.iotliers Industry. Later wills, dated "rom IT.")!' to 17(!(l,
show that a part of tlie family remained in the section of
the state comprising t!\e counties of Somerset. Worcester
and Dorchester. One of these wills made ])y INIathew Wal-
lace of Somerset county, dated in 17(i(t. gives the names of
three witnesses who lived at Kock Creek, the home of the
Montgomery county Wallaces, familiar mames at that time,
showing that wlien the will Avas signed. Mathew Wallace
was at Ko<-k Creek, eitlier visiting relatives or temporarily
living there.

L.y that date tliere were numerous Wallace families in
tile counties named in Mai-yland. all believed to be from
one oi'iginal family in tlie State, all of wlioni. and including

THE WALLACES— M()NT(U).\1KRY COINTY, Ml).

the Vir.irinia \Yidlaees. weiv located within ~~> mih's^. south
and southeast. of the Wallace lOllerslic home in Montgomery
coiiutv. Maryland.

The Hopkins Family.

Further and more comi)lete investi,i;'ation of the records
of Maryland, of the Hopkins families, shows that the
families of William Ho])kins and (ierard Hopkins, men-
tioned in p-jirajiraphs two and thi'ee of pase twenty-three
of this book, were not relateil to the Hopkins family
whose history is given. The family of Mathew Hopkins
page twenty-fonr. seems to he the one from which .John
Hopkins came, and were from County Ayr Scotland.

CHAPTER II.

Ellerslie, Scoti.axd-Amekica.

It is one of the traditions and family tenets of these
W'.illaccs tliat tliey are descended from Sir Malcolm Wal-
lace of Scotlan<l, the Knight of Elderslie

The origin of the Wallace family in Scotland, datei:*
back to the early part of the twelfth century. Some authori-
ties name (ialieus of Wales as the progenitor of the family,
who had a* son Richard, known as ""Richard the Welsh-
man." The latter was the close friend of Walter Alan, the
Norman Knight, who became i.,ord High Steward of Scot-
l.ind under David I., and Richard was the recipient of many
favors.

The following .account of the family to the times of Sir
^Villiam Wallace, we copy by permission of the author,
John H. Wallace. Esq., of New York, from his genealogical
collection, a most valuable one. Mr. Wallace is of Scotch-
Irish descent and in his work he gives an admirable history
of the Scotch-Irish. His grandfather, Samuel Wallace, came
fi'om County Antrim. Ireland, in ITS;!, whose father, Robert
Wallace, was liorn and died in that county.

We (luote as follows: "Richard Waleys. or Richard the

S THE WALLACES— MONTGOMERY COUNTY, MD.

Welshman, as the Marquis of Bute interprets it, seems to
be a reasonable representation of his nationality, and of
the real origin of the name. All historians agree upon the
former, and I am not aware that any seriously controvert
the latter. Richard of Wales naturally became Richard
Waleys. From the tirst appearance of this name as wit-
nesses to charters, it has passed through considerably more
than twenty variations in its orthography before it settled
down to its present form Wallace. * * * * We have
Tio means of determining the date of the birth of our first
known Scotch progenitor— Sir Richard— 'but events con-
nected with his history seem to place it at the very begin-
ning of the twelfth century, say 11(X)-1110. This spans the
great period of nearly eight hundred years from then till
now, a'nd when we count up the intermediate connections,
we will have to enumerate many generations of Wallace
progenitors before we reach Sir Richard. * * « * *

Among the first grants to Sir Richard was a tract of
land in Ayrshire, eight miles long and three wide, upon
which he established himself and reared his family. He
named it Richardstown, which afterAvard became Riccar-
lon, and the parish still bears that name. He had two sons
whose identity has been maintained— Philip and Richard
second. Philip was living in 1211, but Richard second suc-
ceeded to the paternal estate. .

Richard second had two sons— Adam and Richai-d
third. Adam succeeded to the Riccarton estate, and Richard
third obtained the lands of Auehincruive in 1208.

Adam had two sons— Adam second and Malcolm; the
former inherited Riccarton, and the latter obtained the

ELLERSLIE, SCOTLAND-AMERICA.

lamls of Eklerslie in Keiifrewsliire. This Adam second of
Kiccarton. in 129C>. aclaiowledged the authority of Edward
I. of Enjiland. and took the usual oath.

Maleoim ^ Wallace married Margaret, daughter of Sir
Hugh Crawford, of Crosbie, and of this mari'iage tliere
were born two sons, according to Dr. Rogers — Malcolm and
William the patriot: but according to the Marquis of Bute
there were tliree sons— Andrew, William and John— and of
these he says: 'They all died by the hands of tlie English—
tlie first on the field, and the last two on the scaffold.'
William was executed in London, August 28, 1305, and his
brother John two years later. The sons of Malcolm were
educated chiefly by the monks at the Abbey of Paisley, but
a short distance from the castle at Elderslie, and when
more advanced, William, at least, was sent to Dundee. Lord
Bute says he was thoroughly trained in three languages-
Latin. French and his own. The best authorities are agreed
that he was born about 1273. He was the son of Malcolm,
the son of Adam, the son of Richard second, the son of
Richard the Welshman."

Continuing Mr. vV^allace says: "Up to this point (close
of tlie fifteentli century) we have nothing Imt the names
and locations of individuals signed as witnesses to grants
of land, etc., called charters. * * * * As a matter of
course, the younger or less well known members of families
never were called upon to witness charters, and hence their
personalities never were known and never can be known.
In the four hundred years that rolled away between the
birtli of Richard the Welshman and the close of the
fifteenth century, there can be no doubt there were hun-

lU THE WALLACES— MONTGOMERY COUNTY, MD.

dreds and biindveds of Wallace men whose names, lot-a-
tious, and pursuits can never be found. * * * '-' * *

The inheritance of estates under the laws f>f primogeni-
ture may have been well suited to the condition of society
in the thirteenth century, but it was not an unmixed evil,
for it compelled the younger sons of the titled aiul wealthy
to strike out for themselves, and in making tlieir own way
in tlie world, tliey developed whatever was in tliem. Tliese
younger sons of the Wallaces distributed themselves
wherever tlieir fancy led— in all employments, pursuits and
professions. From these younger sons came the great mer-
cliamts. great sailors, great scholars, great teachers, great
warriors and great divines. Many of them fell in battle f(»r
their country, and not a few died at the stake for their
religious convictions. * - * •■ *

The rising generation of Wallaces in Scotland, Ireland
and America can look back over an unbroken line of in-
heritance, historically established, extending to the middle
ages, and covering a period of about eight hundred years.
To represent this line of descent in strictly genealogical
form would reiiuire the naming and plnciiig of about
twenty-six successive ancestors in the right male line before
Ave reached Sir Richard the Welshman."

From the early generations of the Wallace families,
he says: "We have considered the foundations from whicli
more than forty other families have sprung."

Sir William Wallace, son of Sir Malcolm Wallace, mar-
ried Marion Braidfoot. and they liad one daughter, who
married Williaju Baillie of Hoprig, and became the pro-
genitors of the Baillies of Lamiugton, and a long line of
descendants.

ELLERSLIE, SCOTLAND-AMERICA. 11

An authority on the Wallaces, says: "The Elderslie line
was no doubt carried on hy Sir William's brothers, who at
death wei'e over marriageable age."

In 1390 John Wallace, great grandson of Adam Wal-
lace, was in possession of Elderslie, and from John the
descent is clear for some seventeen male descendants, after
which the estates seem to have passed into possession of
the female lines of the family, perhaps in the eighteenth
century.

Sir Malcolm Wallace, known as the Knight of Elderslie,
was the head of the family that the Maryland, Virgiuia
and New Jersey Wallaces claim descent from.

Rev. Hayden says on this point: "I judge that if the
owner of any place called Ellerslie so named it in the last
(eighteenth) century, as Dr. Michael Wallace did, he was
in some w^ay connected with Ellerslie in Scotland."

This Di-. Michael Wallace was the son of William Wal-
lace, of Galgrigs, Scotland, a direct descendant of Sir Mal-
colm Wallace, and was born in Scotland in 1729. moving to
King George county, Va., when in his youth and there set-
tled a place which he called Ellerslie, in honor and remem-
brance of Elderslie the family home in Scotland.

The name Ellerslie was adopted in this country by the
Virginia, Maryland and New Jersej' Wallaces, instead of
Elderslie.

Dr. ilichael Wallace's Ellerslie was about "tO miles air
line south of the Ellerslie named by William Wallace, son
of James Wallace, patentee of Brothers Industry, on his
share of this tract in Montgomery county, Md. It is not
likely that Dr. Michael Wallace settled Ellerslie in Virginia

12 THE WALLACES— MONTGOMERY COUNTY, MD.

before ITaO, and it was about this time tliat Ellerslie in
Maryland was uamed. Tlie Dr. is claimed to be the last
of the Scottish line of tirst sons in Scothmd, and it is pro-
liable that James Wallace was one of the younger sons,
who settled in ^Maryland 40 of 50 years before Dr. Michael
Wallace settled in Virginia.

In 18G0 Ann Wallace, of Scotland, then 90 years of
age. a descendant of Sir. Malcolm, and a niece of Dr
Michael Wallace, wrote a letter to Mrs. E. P.. Wallace, of
Fredericksburg, Ya.. in which she said of him: "His having
named his acquired property in his adopted counti-y Eller-
slie, is certain evidence of his belonging to our family."

There was also an Ellerslie family of Wallace in Somer-
set county. X. J., about 100 miles northeast of Ellerslie, Md.
of which Hon. Joshua Mad.dox Wallace, grandson of Rev.
John Wallace, of County Peel)les. Scotland, was the head,
who claimed descent from Sir Malcolm Wallace. He mar-
ried in ITlt; Christian Murry descendant of Robert Bruce,
and had a son named John Bradford Wallace. In another
place it will be seen that a certain John Bradford, an Eng-
lish land officer, was given power of attorney by James
Wallace when he went to England on business in 1710. and
also that the same John Bradford sold 490 acres to William
Wallace in 1721 to make up the tract called Brothers In-
dustry in Montgomery county. Md., in which Ellerslie was
located.

On July 27. 1773, Lieut. Col. Gustavus B. Wallace, son of
Dr. ilichael Wallace, wrote a letter from Ellerslie, Vs., to
Dr. James Wallace, of Md., signing himself his brother, in
which he sent his compliments to Dr. Brown and his lady

ELLERSLIE, SCOTLAND-AMERICA. 13

and all friends in Mainland. Lieut. Col. Wallace's motlier
was named Brown and doubtless it was her brother refer-
red to. It is a fact to keep in mind also, that there was
about this time a Dr. James Wallace, grandson of James
Wallace, of Brothers Industry, living in Montgomery coun-
ty, Md.

These facts show that there must have been more or
less intercourse among the Bllerslie Wallaces of Virginia,
Maryland and New Jersey, and no doubt relationship, and
go far to substantiate the claim of the Maryland Wallaces
to descent from Sir Malcolm Wallace.

The ^larylaud Wallaces mai'ried into many of the most
l)rominent families of that part of the state, conspicuous
among whom were the Wheeler, Young and Douglass fani-
lies. who owned large tracts of land now covered by Wash-
ington. I). C. It is claimed that the Capitol. Library of Con-
gress, and perhaps the Navy Yard and Arsenal, occupy
what was once their property

CHAPTER III.

James Wallace Family

Family history and official records show that James
Wallace married Maiy Douglass, of Scotland, a widow, and
came to Maryland. The family records do not give the
names of the children, but the will of James Wallace shows
that they had Ave children, and earlier court records show
another son, Alexaiidei*.

James Wallace, of Frederick county, Md., made a will
dated September (j, 1774, in which he mentions as his sons,
Herbert, William and James, daughter Eleanor Hopkins,
who was to have part of Brothers Industry and Weavers
Denn. a daughter Anne Douglass and grandsons, John Wal-
lace and Robert; Douglass.

There was another son, Alexander, who died about
1759. according to the following record: "Deed of gift to
Eleanor Wallace by Herbert, William and James Wallace,
Jr., all of Frederick county, Md., brothers-in-law of Eleanoi-,
widow of Alexander Wallace deceased, consisting of house-
hold furniture, slaves and cattle." This was dated March
3, 1759. The grandson John Wallace named in the will, was
doubtless the son of Alexander.

JAxMES WALLACE FAMILY. 15

Of those childreu there is no record showing- descend-
ants, except William, James and Eleanor. Anne Douglass
named in the will was probably a widow, and the grandson
Rol)ert Douglass, her son. No record has appeared of them
after this in the will. John Wallace went to AVashington
county. Pa., about 1779, but nothing further is known of
him.

Herbert and his wife. Eleanor, deeded October 22. 1779,
lUU acres in the "Addition to the Remains," and 120 acres
in Piney Lands, to Samuel Wade Magruder, after which
they moved to Washington county. Pa., where all trace of
them is lost. Tlie two other .sons remained in Montgomery
county where they reared large families.

I. William AA'allace married Susannah Young and had
the following children:

1. Alexander Wallace married Frances Montague, No-
vember 1. 17K7. She was the daughter of William Monta-
gue and his wife. Hannah Ballendine, of Essex county, Va.
Mr. Wallace died before his father, William Wallace, and
in the will of the latter provision is made for the two infant
children of Alexander Wallace. Mrs. Wallace died October
17, 1791. Their children were:

i. William Montague Wallace was born in Montgomery
county. Md., 1789 and married Ellen Maria, daughter of Dr.
John Daughaday. of Baltimore. Md.They had eight children,
of whom William Montague, Alexander Danghaday, Robert
Rrnce, Charles Montague, Edward Douglass, John Fi-ank-
lin and Ellen Maria Wallace died young.

The only child reaching maturity was Emily Frances
W.UI.ice. who married William H. Moore. June IL 1847. and

16 THE WALLACES— MONTGOMERY COUNTY, MD.

bad one daughter. William Anna Moore, born August 19,
1849, who married Louis Dare, October 30, 1879, and died
September 21, 1880, leaving an infant son, Edward Monta-
gue Dare, born September 17, 1880. and died in 1894. Mrs.
Emily Frances Moore died in 1898, thus closing the line
of the descendants of Willia'm Montague Wallace,
ii. Frances Montague W^allace. See sketch later.

2. William Wallace married Miss Magruder. Children:
— Edwin Wallace and Malcolm Wallace, who moved to
Kentucky.

3. James Wallace M. D., died without issue.

4. Charles Wallace died without issue.

5. Robert AVallace married Mary Key Watts. Children:
—Richard Wallace and Frances Rebecca Wallace.

6. John Wallace married for his first wife his cousin
Nancy Wheeler and had one son, Wheeler Wallace, who
died in infancy. His second wife was Harriet Vinson. Chil-
dren :—

William married Miss Sasscer, Prince George county.

Roberta married J. R. Robertson, Charles county, Md.
Children:— Edwin, Harriet W., J. D.

Elizabeth B., John, Edwin, Mary, James and Lavina,
died without issue.

Emma man-led Elisha O. Williams, son of Wm. Beall
Williams, of Georgetown, D. C. Children:— .Ann Dorsey,
Harriet V., Jno. Wallace, Mary W., William Beall. Mi"s.
Williams lives in Rockville, Md.

7. Mary Wallace married John Anderson.

8. Anne Wallace married Col. Richard Anderson of the
Revolutionary War.

JAMES WALLACE FAMILY. 17

9. Eleanor Wallace married Sam'l B. Mag:rutler very
late in life.

PERRY-WAKLACE FAMILY.

ii. Frances Montague Wallace was born October 17,
1701 in Montgomeiy county, Md., and died March 2, 1803,
in New Castle, Henry county, Ky. She married October 5,
LS09. John Sanford Ferry born March 1, 1773, in Fairfax
county, Va., son of Franklin Perry and Elizabeth Jenkins, a
widow probably from Saiiford, born 1732, died 1824 in
Henry county, Ky. They removefl to Henry county, Ky., in
1S12.

Their children were:

i. Elizabeth Montague Perry born in Virginia July
14. 1810, married Alfred Keauchamp in 1837, and died Sep-
tember 14, 1839. Children— Newell Perry Beauchamp. born
December 1, 1837, and Frances Wallace Beauchamp, born
May 5, 1839, died May 12, 1839.

2. Eleanor Wallace Perry was born May 7, 1812, on the
Ohio river near Gallipolis, on a fiat boat.

Her parents removed from Fairfax county, Va., passing
over the mountains on the road that Braddock followed,
striking the Monongahela river at Redstone, now Browns-
ville. Pa. There they either Iniilt or bought two flat boats
in which they embarked, floating down the beautiful
Monongahela past Pittsburg, thence down the Ohio river.
They carried with them furniture, food, horses, some silver
and china, boxes of clothes and linen. They had also with
them their old nurse, who had cared for "Mrs. Perry in her
infancy, as well as the other members of the family. The
l)uats were tied up at night, and the negroes carried tents

IS THE WALLACES— MONTGOMERY' COUNTY, MD.

froui the boats and camped on tlie l)auk, while the faniily
slept on the largest boat, yume of the furniture carried in
this way. and a piece of silk yet strong and luindsome
wliirli was part of a dre.ss of Frances Montague Wallace,
grandmother of Eleanor Wallace Perry, and a silhouette <>1
the same lady, are still in the possession of the family.

Eleanor Wallace Perry married Presley Neville Pep-
per of Woodford county, Ky.. Feb. o, 1820, and is now liv-
ing with her only child, Amanda M. Caine, in Louisville,
Ky. To them was born Amanda M. Pepper March IH, ISH"),
wlio m.irried .lohn Strange Caine Dec. l.">. lS.j4.He was the
son of .John Caine and Katharine Frankham and was born
September 11. 1827, died June 21. 1900 in Louisville. Ky.
Their son, Paul Caine, was born in Louisville. Ky., .Tuly
12, 18r)9. christened at Grace church. Louisville, married
Annie Atmore, daughter of Charles Pawson Atmore and
Leah Anna (Meriwithert Williams Atmore at St. Andrew's
church. Louisville, December !». 1880. Their children Avere
Sydney Atmore Caine born .June 2(i. 188:!. in Louisville. Ky..
attending Institute of Technology, Boston. :Mass.. and
Idella Meriwether Caine, born August o. 1881. in Louis-
ville. Ky., attending Eric Pape Art School, lloston. Mass.

3. \Villiam Alexander Perry born October 0. 1814. mar-
ried Caroline Brown Lee October 2r>. 1885. Children:

i. Lewis Marion Perry born September 1. 1886. married
Catherine Broadwell. children:— William .Alexander, Lewis
Marion, Marion Lee, Ruth. Irvin Broadstreet. Tom Mellon
and Kitty Perry.

ii. F'anny Wallace Perry born Si^ptember 13, 1838, mar-
ried Charles McAllister Marshall, children:— Charles, Carrie,

JAMES WALLACE FAMILY. 19

.lolin, William Humphrey, Frances Elizabeth. Eleanor
Ferrj-. Wallace Marshall.

iii. Leonora Leslie Perry born October 23. 184<), man-ied
Walter L. Boyd, children:— William Ferry born February
r>. 1874, Carrie Elizabeth born December 25. 1875, Walter
Lee born August 13. 1870, Mary l)orn March 20. 187!». Anna
born September 2. 18877

iv. Elizabeth Lee Perry born October 4. 1842, no chil-
dren.

V. Caroline Augusta Perry born September 24, 1844,
married Dr. L. M. Parks, one child Eleanor Perry Marks
born November 3, 1885.

vi. Mary Eleanor Perry born November 14, 1847, mar-
ried Uev. L. L. Mellon July 16, 1872. Children:— Caroline T.,
born April 27, 1873; Eleanor P.. born June 19. 1875; Annie
A., born I>l)ruary 4, 1878; Perrj- born November <>, 1879,
Frederick Davis born Deceml>er 8, 1882. Leonora L.. born
January 7, 188(!.

vii. William Sumner Perry died in infancy.

viii. Flora A. Perry born December 5. 1851. married
.lasper B. Lewis November 13, 1881, children:— Lee M., born
Fel)ruary 1, 1883; Hattie Davis born July 6, 1884, Louis*
I.-eslie born September 20. 1880.

ix. John Clarence Perry born December 17, 1854. died
.IiiiK' 14, 1879, and Alice and Ida Perry died in infancy.

4. .lohn Montague Perry died in infancy.

5. Margaret Fi-anklin Perry born October 0, 1818, mar-
ried Alexander Bayne.

0. John Sanford Perry born November IS, 1820, married
Harriet Ann Herndou February 22, 184S, who was the

20 THE WALLACES— MONTGOxMERY COUNTY, MD.

(laiij?liter of Thomas Herndon and Eleanor Wallace, daugli-
ter of John Wallace M. D. Children:— Clara Adelia, Thomas
llaskett, Amanda Florence and Lelie Harriet who married
Jordan Barrachmau.

7. Juliet Anderson Perry born January 1. 1823, died in
infancy.

8. Frances Montague Perry born May 14. 1824, unmar-
ried.

9. Mary Markham Perry born December 10, 1826. un-
married

10. Thomas Ballendine Perry born March 15. 18.32. mar-
ried Maryland Knapp October 28. 1802. Children:— Charles
Shaffner born July 21, 1863, Catherine Virginia born Sep-
tember 18. 1804. Charles Wallace born December 19. 1865.
Thomas Ballendine born July 16. 1867. Colby Knapp Feb-
ruary 15, 1870, John Sanford July 2. 1872. Fanny Montague
November 30. 1895, Louise Pannell October 25 1879. Oscar
Allen October 19. 1881.

JAMES WALLACE, SECOND.

XL James Wallace married Eleanor Young and had
the following children:

1. Eleanor married Charles Young and had two chil-
dren. Mary and Solon. The latter owned a part of Brothers
Industry, the old homestead, now owned by Ninian Perry.
Solon was the last of the Wallaces in name who owned it.

2. James died single.

3. John ..1. D. married Eleanor Herndon, daughter
of Thomas and Frances Taylor Herndon, in New Castle,
Henry county, Ky., about 1823.

4. William died single. .

JAMES WALLACE FAxMILY. 21

5. Mai-y lived to an old age and died single in 1S7G aged
94 years, at Ellerslie, Montgomery county, Md.

H. Elizabeth married James Anderson M. D., Rockville,
Md., and had children, James W., Edward, Thomas, Attor-
ney, Robert, John W., Catherine Ann, Elizabeth and
Eleanor B. Capt. James Anderson, son of James W., is
now a resident of Rockville, Md., and has an interest in
part of Brothers Industry.

CHAPTER IV.

The Hopkins Family

The Eleanor Hopkins mentioned in tlie will of James
Wallace as his danghter. was the wife of John Hopkins, as
is shown by the following deed of John Hopkins and his
wife, Eleanor, to Joseph Penn November 11, 1777:

■"Whereas, James Wallace, late of Frederick countj,
Md., deceased, in his lifetime, towit, March 28. 174!>, obtain-
ed a patent for 200 acres of laud called Weavers Denn,
then in Frederick eonnty, now in Montgomery county, Md.,
and by his last will and testannnit did give and bequeath
to liis daughter. Eleanor, wife of said John Hopkins, etc.'^

The family records state that this John Hopkins came
from Scotland. Init there is no record to show when he came
to this country. On October 0, 1745, John Hopkins, Sr.. and
liis wife, Elizabeth, deeded 100 acres of land to Thomas An-
keny, which was witnessed by James Hopkins and James
Wallace, Jr., and March 12, 175(). Tliomas Boydestone deed-
ed to John Hopkins a tract of land called Boydestone Dis-
covery on IMney creek and tlie Potomac river. August 8,
17r>;» he sohl 170 acres of tiiis ti-act to Willi.-im riiambers,
September iP>, 1707 Thomas Stump sold John Hopkins GO^^

THE HOPKINS FAMILY. • 23

acres in Stninp's valley, and Octo])er I-"), 17(!7 Walter Evan
deeded to John Hopkins an island of 32 acres in the Poto-
mac river, wliich Mr. Hopkins deeded to Samuel Tram well
September G, ITT.*]. October 2."), 1779. John Hopkins, of Yoho
gania connty. Va.. now Washington county. Pa., sold the
GOVo acres in Stump's valley to Osborne Pile.

There seem to have been four distinct Hopkins families
in the section covered by the present Montgomery and
Anne Arundel counties. The first on record is that of Wil-
liam Hopkins, who owned Hopkins" plantation on Green-
berry's Point among the Men of Severn in 1H57. He was
granted CiO acres of land May 10. 1G71. which was deeded to
Thomas Tucker November 10. 1G79. Another tract was
granted to him of I.IO acres February 2ri. 1084, which he
sold to Uichard Sorrell .Iiuic 0. 1().S."». Otlier transactions are
also on record.

In the same county there was a Gerard Hopkins, anions
the Men of Severn UJ.IS. It is doiibtless his will dated Octo-
ber 12. 1001. in which he names his wife Thomsin, son
(Jerard. and daughters Anne. Thomsin and Mary. Gerard
Hopkins married Margaret Johns, and they had seven chil-
dren, .loseijh. Gerard, Phih'p, Samuel. Richard, William,
and Johns Hopkins, all born between 1706 and 1720. Of
these children Uichard married and had nine children,
among wliom there was a (ierard. Gerard Hopkins, doubt-
le.ss the third, owned a large quantity of land in Frederick
connty. Md., the tracts being named Hope Improved, Trou-
l)le Enough, None I^eft and Friendship, some of which ap-
I>ears later in the name of Gerard Hopkins, Jr. Johns Hop-
kins, the founder of Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,
Md.. was a descendant of this family.

24 THE WALLACES— MONTGOMERY COUNTY, MD.

In the year 1742, Mathew Hopkins, of Kilniarnoek,
County of Ayr, Scotland, came to Kock Creek, now in Mont-
gomery county. Md., where he died January 1751. He
bought from Osbiu-n Spriggs Aiigust 26, 1741, a tract of 300
acres of land called Sallop and later bought other lands.
At his death he left a widow, Mary, who afterwards mar-
ried Henry Thralkeld, but they had no children. James
Hopkins, brother of Mathew, County of Ayr, was appointed
by his mother to act as her attorney, to receive all prop-
erty that might be due her from Mathew's estate. The
power of attorney Avas dated April 29, 1752, and May 24,
1753, James Hopkins deeded to Henry Thralkeld and wife
the tract of land called Sallop. and a part of the tract
known as Resurvey, a part of which was incorporated in
Georgetown, D. C. There is no record that James Hopkins
remained in Maryland.

It is probable that these families were related, but the
evidence is not available to make it clear and beyond doubt.

John Hopkins and Eleanor Wallace, had the following
children:

I. Herbert Hopkins, whose children Mary and Janet
lived in Baltimore.

II. William Hopkins married Miss Briscoe.

III. Richard Hopkins moved to South Carolina.

IV. Alexander Hopkins married Rosa Laird, children:
.John. Thomas, Eliza, Rosa, Polly and Nancy.

V. James Hopkins married Mary Goe, children:— John,
William. Dorcas, Elizabeth, Mary A., and Thomas.

VI. John Hopkins married Miss Wallace, children:—
Charles. Mrs, Nancy Butler and George.

THE HOPKINS FAMILY

VIT. Thomas Hopkins, a Revolutionary soldier, wh©
enlisted in the Fifth Md. Regiment February 1780, and
was discharged November 1. 1780. The records show that
he was a resident of Washington county. Pa., in 1781. in
the part that afterward became Pike Run township. He
married Catherine Hurd May 22. 1704. who came with her
father from Londonderry. Ireland. They had tlie following
children:

1. Andrew born April liO, 1795, married Anna Town-
send .children:— Mrs. Edith E. Ooyle, Mrs. Catherine Hiesy,
Mrs. Sabina Wilcox. Townsend and Thomas.

2. Catherine Hopkins. Sketch Wright-Hopkins family.
?>. Eleanor Hopkins unmarried.

4. Thomas H Hopkins married Elizabeth MofRtt. Chil-
dren. Moffitt. Mrs. Eliza Lanning, Thomas. Mrs. Catherine
K repps.

5. John Hopkins married Jane Motfitt and had one
daughter, Elizabeth, wife of Dr. E. A. Wood, Allegheny
county. Pa.

0. William Hopkins married Rachel Herron Januaxy
1. 1824. and had three children:

i. Ajidrew. a prominent journalist in Pittsburg, Pa.,
and Wheeling, W. Va.

ii. Catherine, unmarried, died in 1901.

iii. James H. Hopkins attorney at law. While a resident
of Pittsburg. Pa., he was twice elected to Congress. He is
now a resident of Washington, D. C.

William Hopkins was one of the most prominent Demo-
crats of his time in Pennsylvania. In l&34-ti-7-8-9 and in
1861-2 he was elected a member of the lower house of the

26 THE WALLACES— MONTCIOMEKV COIXTV, MI).

Legislatiire of Pennsylvania, and in 1863 a member of the
State Senate. He Avas Speaker of the House in 18o8-!» anrt
40, Seeretary of the Land Ottice, elected Canal Commission-
er in 1852. and in 1872 was a member of the Constitutional
Convention of Pennsylvania.

7. White F. Hopkins married Hannah Wilson, cliil-
dren. Araminda. Thomas C, Joseph Wright.

S. Margaret Hopkins married Thomas West, chiUUH'n.
Thomas, Catherine and Jonathan, the latter serving in the
Civil War, and died in Anderson ville prison. T'pon the
death of her husband, Mrs. West married William Mottitt
and had children. John. Eliza Jane. Joseph. Hopkins, who
served in the Kinggold cavalry in the Civil War. and Mar-
garet.

9. Alexander.

VIH. Nancy Hopkins married Mr. Fleming. Children,
John, AVhite, Nellie, Oatherlne, Elizabeth. Ann. Margaret.

IX. Elizabeth Hopkins married William Wallace, son
of William Wallace one of the founders of I'.rothers In-
dustry.

X. Anna Hopkins married William Parker. Justice of
the Peace of Somerset township. Washington county. I*a..
April o. 1782, and snb-Lientenant of the comity in 17S1.

XI. Eleanor Hopkins married Andrew Hoggs and had
one son. Mr. Boggs was Justice of the Peace in Fallowfield
township. Washington county. Pa.. February 17, 1*97.

WKIGHT-HOPKINS F.\MILV.

2. Catherine born April 25, 1796, married Joseph
Wright November 6, 1814.

Mr. Wright was the grandson of Joshua Wright, who

THE HOPKINS FAMILY. 27

with his brother James, settled in Peters Creek, Washing-
ran county. Pa., then Yohogania county, Ya.. in 1764. He
was of Scotch-Irish descent, and came from the eastern
part of PennsjMvania. The brothers acquired 800 acres of
land. 450 acres of which they ))ought from a half breed In-
ilian. September 10. 1779. .Tames sold his share to his broth-
er and moved to Ohio, thence to Kentucky. .Toshua was con-
stable in 1775, a Ju.stice of the Peace in 1770. and presided
over the courts of Yohogania county. After he had partly
cleared his land and crops were planted, he returned to
Harrisburg. Pa., and married Charity Sauus Harris, daugh-
ter of John Harris for whom Harrisburg was named. In
the spring of 178,'}, Mr. Wright started with two other men
in a flat bottomed, square prowed boat, to take produce to
New Orleans. He was decoyed ashore by a white man and
captured l)y Indians. He was taken northward through
Ohio, and at a point near Sandusky was made to run the
gauntlet and was burned at the stake.

His son. Enoch, married Rachel James, of whose chil-
dren. Joseph Wright, born August 4, 1794 was the only one
that reached manhood. Enoch Wriglit was a capable man,
possessed of a large amount of real estate, on a part of
.which Finleyville was built and was a very wealthy man
for his times. He was Justice of the Peace for over 30 years.
County Commissioner and Director of the Poor, and took
an active part in the Whiskey Insm-rection. though at first
opposed to it. He was originally a Baptist, and built a
church on his own land to be used by all Evangelical
churches. He later became a Methodist.

Joseph Wright was a student of Jefferson College, Can-

28 THE WALLACES— MONTGOMEKV COL XT V. Ml).

onsburg, Pa., a man of strong intellect, specially informed
in Theology and the English language. He was a minister
of the Pittsburg Conference M. E. church, admitted when
he was 41 years of age, after a long service as local preach-
er. He had largely prepared a dictionary of the Euglisli
language, which had reached the letter M. at the time of
his death.

•Joseph and Catherine Hopkins Wright had tlie follow-
ing children:

i. Darthula born March 28, 1816, married Dr. James
Miller and had three children. Rev. R. T. Miller, Jos. W.
Miller, M. D. and Rachel, married I>r. Jos. McCready.

ii. Catherine born April 4. 1818, married Tliomas Ran
kin, had 12 children.

iii. Lucinda born March !.">, 1820. married John Storer.
and had one son. Dr. Thomas Storer.

iv. Joshua Wright born May 4, 1822, married Sarah
C. White March 17, 1844. She was the daughter of Rev.
John White, whose father came from England and settled
in the Shenandoah valley, Va., where John White was
born, near Winchester, April 12, 1787. He joined the M. E.
church in 1801, and in 1809. under charge of Jacob Gruber.
eutere<l upon his work as an* itinerant in the Greenbriei
I>istrict, Va. On the 28th of December 1815, while on the
(Greenfield circuit, Washington county. Pa., he was mar-
ried to Elizabeth S. James, daughter of Robert and Cathe-
rine James, of Nottingham township.

Joshua and Sarah C. Wright had the following chil-
dren :

1. Rev. John A. Wright born January 1, 1845. He was

THE HOPKINS FAMILY. 29

a student in Washington College, when the Civil War broke
out, and enlisted in Company D, 140th Pa. Regiment and
served to the end of the war and was wounded at Chancel-
lorsville. He was graduated from Allegheny College in
1808, taught three years in the west, and has preached
continuously in the M. li. church in Ohio since.

2. Speranza Catherine born December 9, 1846, mar
ried (ieorge W. Brown, Brooke county, W. Va., March 7,
18(55, now deceased. She now lives at Indianapolis, Ind.,
where her sou is city editor of the Sentinel.

3. Rev. Joseph Enoch Wright, born May 27, 1849, who
attended Washington and Jefferson College one year. Pa.
State Agricultural College and Allegheny College, after
which he engaged m farming, and entered the law office
of his uncle, Judge J. W. P. White and J. F. Slagle Jan-
uary 1871. He was converted August i:], 1871, and l)egan at
once to prepare for the ministry, entering the Pittsburj.
Conference M. E. church March 1872.

He was united in marriage March 24, 1875, with Rachel
Luella Diehl, born November 17, 1851, daughter of Jacob
H. and Anne Diehl, Georgetown, Beaver county. Pa.,
whose ancestors came from Germany and settled in Le-
banon county. Pa. They had four children, two of whon;
Anna Luella and Joseph Edwin are deceased.

Their son, Jacob Merrill, born January 9, 1876, was
graduated from Allegheny College, 1895, from the Pitts-
burg law school 1897, and was admitted to practice in the
Allegheny county courts December 1898. He married Laura
A., daughter of Henry Pearce, of Cincinnati, O., June 12,
1901. They live in Homestead, Pa.

30 THE WALLACES— MONTGOMERY COUNTY, MD.

Their son, James Francis Vernon, born April 5, 1878,
was graduated from Allegliouy College 1898, from Drew
Theological Seminary in 1901, and received the degree of
Master of Arts in 1901 from Allegheny College. He was ad-
mitted to the ritt.sl)urg Conference M. B. chni'ch October
12, 1901, ordained deacon bj' Bishop J. M. \Vahlen, and was
appointed to Saltsburg, Pa.

4. Elizal>eth Anna l>orn July 2.i. 1851, graduate of
W.ishington Female Seminary, married Levi C Linn, attor,
ney at law, and now reside in Denver Col. Children:— Char
les Wright and Katherine Lowry.

.">. ^Villiam Fletcher Itorn July 20, 18.j4, studied and
practiced law, now State Manager of the Union Central
Life Insin*ance Companj% Buffalo. N. Y. He married Laura
Brown May 10. ISTO, children, Mary, Edith Blanche, Laura
B.. Katherine M.

<j. James Sauns born Fe])ruary 14. 1857, died D'ecember
2. 1S71.

7. Harriet Lucinda born June 11. 1859, graduate of
Washington Feuiale Seminary, married Everett C. Smith,
attorney at law and journalist. Ravenswood. W. Va. Their
children are Adn B., Everett C. and HaiTiet R.

8. Ada Blanche born December 30. 1SG2, completed
the seminary course of study Washington. Pa., and mar-
ried Joseph M. Spriggs manager of a large w^holesale groc-
ery establishment in that place. He is a graduate of Wash-
ington and Jefferson College. Their children are. Robert
and Margaret, died of scarlet fever, and Josephine.

9. Frank Lawrence born October 20. 18t)4, was grad-
uated at Washington and Jefferson College and at the

THE HOPKINS FAMILY. 31

Sfbool of Dentistry, Philadelphia. Pa., now practicing at Red
Bank, N. J. He married Viola Alexander, Philadelphia, Sep-
tember 28, 1889, and have one daughter, Frances.

10. Josliua Koberf born October 20, 18GG, received a
collegiate education V> asliington. Pa., and is a practicing
attorney at the Allegheny County Bar. He married Helen
Scluuid. daughter of Francis X. and Marie C. Schmid, Alle-
gheny, Pa., and have two children living, Jane and Joshua
Robert, one child, Christine, died in infancy.

V. Enoch born July 28. 1824, married Emma Smith,
daughter of Dr. Edward Smith, West Liberty, W. Va. They
had ten children.

vi. Thomas A. born March 18, 1827.

vii. Joseph T. F. born June 9, 1828. married Maria
Hindman. Gastonville, and had "> children.

viii. Margaret Ann born December 24, 1830, graduate
Washington Female Seminary, married Dr. C. W. Town-
send, whose ancestors came to AYashiugton county. Pa., in
1780. They had live children.

ix. Mary Eleanor born November 30, 1833, graduate
Washington Female Seminary, married Rev. John C.
Brown, member of the Pittsburg Conference M. E. church
1 1 .vears. and moved to Iowa.

X. Hopkins born April 3, 1836, deceased.

xi. Charity Sauns born May 28. 1840, graduate Wash-
ington Female Seminary, married Dr. D. M. Anderson, a
prominent man in the county, a member of the legislature
three terms, and large real estate owner. Their children are
Hopkins, graduated Columbia Law School, and Elizabeth,
graduated Washington Female Seniinarv.

CHAPTER V.

William Wallace Family

The subject of this sketch, brother of James Wallace
patentee of Brothers Iinliistry, is first named in the records
in the purchase of 400 acres from .Tolm Bradford, which
was assigned to his brother James, and be<-ame a part of
that famous tract. His services in founding this homestead,
recognized by his brother in 1720 by deeding him 500 acres
of the tract, form the next record, and there is no furtlier
n)ention of him until tlie recording of his will June 10. 1750.
This will was dated April 1, 1758, in which the names of
his wife and children are given.

In it he states that his son James is to have "100 acres
of the jilaiitation: three daughters, Elizabctli Boydestone,
Anne Mason and f]lcanor Tracy a I'ing each, 20 s In value,
having already provided for them: daughter Sarah Thomp-
son mulatto boy and 200 lbs tobacco: wife Frances my now
dwelling house, plantation of 200 acres; son Nathaniel 100
acres: son William remaining pai't of Brothers Industry;
daughters Martha, Margaret, Mary, Frances and Barbara
to have Boydestone's Discovery." His wife Finances was ap-
pointed executrix, and the will adds that William shall

WILLIAM WALLACE FAMILY. 33

liave remainder of Brotliers Industry, after wife's death,
and after to Nathaniel. If tliey die without issue survivors
of family to inherit. The following clause aijpears in the
will: "It is my desire that the boys, in case my wife should
marry, shall have the produce of their labor at the age of
IS years: but if she does not mamy, to stay with their
mother until they are 21 years of age."

This record shows that his son William Wallace, the
only one of liis children of whom tliere is a record of his
descendants, was a mere boy at the time of his father's
death, perhaps not over 9 years of age.

Of the daughters there is no record to be found any-
where, the will sho^ving only that tliree of them were mar-
i-ied, two in the well known families of Tracey and Boyde-
stone.

Under the date of November 18, ITf^Il. James Wallace,
son of William Wallace, of the Province of Carolina, sold to
James Wallace, Sr., of Frederick county. Md.. "all Ms right
and title to part of the tract of land called Brothers In-
dustry in Fi'oderick county, Md., near Captain Johns." He
became a I'esident of youth Carolina, and all trace of him is
lost.

October 28, 1770, Nathaniel Wallace and his wife,
Frances, conveyed their share of Brothers Industry to
Francis Clements, and on the 4th of March 1782, he recited
in brief the history of the tract, and the disposition by will
of William Wallace, his father, of his share in the land,
smd the deeding of Nathaniel's share to Francis Clements.
He was then a resident of Washington county. Pa.

In the Penna. Archives Third Series, Vol. 22 page 772. is

34 THE WALLACES— MONTGOMERY COUNTY, MD.

Kiven the effective supply tax list tor Somerset townsliip
ill 1781, in which Nathaniel Wallace was assessed for 180
acres of laud located near the present village of Vanceville,
on the middle fork of Pig-eon Creek. It is related that the
tirst observance of the rite of baptism in that section by the
Kaptist church, was on his farm in 1S05. During the im-
mersion in the creek a severe thunderstorm arose, and a
tree sheltering the platform on which the preaching was
held, was ^struck killing two horses. Mr. Wallace's daughter
was one of those immersed. No record can be found of this
family's subsequent life and no descendants are known. Wil-
liam NVallace, Nathaniel's brother, was also assessed in this
list for 200 acres of land on the north fork of I'igeon Creek.

On October 10, 1780, William Wallace, Jr., and Eliza-
beth Hopkins, his wife, deeded to Francis Clements their
part of Brothers Industiy, being then residents of Wash-
ington countj', Pa.

By these sales, the share of William Wallace in
Brothers Industry, deeded to him in 172f), passed entirely out
of the hands of the family, and all the males of the family
had left Maiyland.

William Wallace and his bride. Elizabeth, daughter
of .John and Eleanor Wallace Hopkins, went to Washing-
ton count.v. Pa., soon after their marriage July 11. 177'.»,
where they reared a family and have numerous descend-
ants.

II.

THE WALLACES,

Washington County, Pa^

CHAPTER I.

Pioneer Life

William Wallace and Elizabeth Hopkins were united
ill mari'iage in Montgomery county, Md., July 11, 1779, and
soon afterward removed to what is now Somerset town-
ship. Washington county. Pa.

They evidently came with a number of their relatives,
as the records show the presence of the following persons
in that neigliborhood, of the Hopkins and Wallace families:
Nathaniel Wallace his bi-other, Herbert Wallace a cousin,
John Wallace, Herbert's nephew, and John. Thomas and
Ale.Kander Hopkins, brothers of Mrs. Wallace.

These families had land on Pigeon, Pike Run and Ten
Mile creeks, and lived along the valleys of the first two.
They were all planters, and had taken up considerable
(luantities of land amid the forests and along these
streams, sheltered by the beautiful hills that make so
picturesque and lovely scenery to the present time. They
lived but a few miles apart and thus were able to go to
each other's relief in times of danger and distress.

From this settlement of relatives, the three streams
named ttow into the Monongahela river, and the country

38 THE WALLACES— WASH IN(iTON COUNTY, PA.

covered is well adapted to be the lioine of a brave people,
where they were trained in industry, rigrhteous living
and patriotism.

df the families prominently represented in this history
whose nationality is known, nearly all were Scotch or
Scotch-Irish, and were of the Scotch Presbyterian stock,
who bronght with them their principles of religions liberty,
and became leaders in all that tended to the real growth
and moral strength of their communities. There was no
yielding of principle, ditticulties did not deter them, hard-
ships failed to wear them out. and they seemed to thrive
and grow amid the exactions and hardsliips of the pioneer
life. Their sterling moral strength made the communities
strong and self reliant, among the best in the Nation.

The labor and danger of coming hundreds of miles from
the east, over mountains and throngli streams, on foot or
horseback, with no comforts of travel or living, was
sufficient to try tln> strength and courage of the hardiest
people, and the result was a race of hardy settlers. Many of
them came from Maryland and Virginia, over the old Brad-
dock route from Cumberland, crossing the Allegheny
mountains and Laurel Hill.

The winter of 1779-80. when Willian) Wallace and his
bride began life on the frontier, was one of exceptional
cold. In January I78u tlie harbor of New York was frozen
over so solidly that the British drove laden wagons on the
ice from the city to Staten Isl.-md. The snow in February
was four feet deep in the woods and in the mountains of
Western Pennsylvania, stopping all supply trains from the
east, and the weather continued exceedingly cold for two

--^

PIONEER LIFE. 39

months. The destruction of animals and birds was si'eat,
and tlie sufferings of tlie settlers intense. Tliey began to
do their part in winning the West, inider conditions
sufticient to appall any but the stoutest heart.

The pioneer life was one that their descendants can
never understand or appreciate, and that in Western Penn-
sylvania during the years of the Revolution, was unusually
severe and trying. The constant battle with the forces and
conditions of nature was so severe as to tiy their fortitude,
but was nothing to the awful scenes that took place with
the wild beasts and savages. They lived in an almost
unln'oken forest, except where a settler had cleared space
for his caljin and a few acres for tilling. Tliey had lint few
neighbors, whose rallying point in times of danger was
the blockhouse or the foi't. the rigors of their life and the
constant exposure to imminent danger, dulling the l)rjglit
and joyous features of life.

A ('hronicler gives a picture of one scene in a settler's
lonely cabin: "Night closed upon him in his rough house,
witli his faithful dog and ritle by his si(h\ Lying in his
rough bed or hammock, reptiles were coiled on the earth
beneath his ])ed. while hordes of ravenous wolves attracted
by the savory venison, their appetites whetted and stimu-
lated to uncontrollable fury, howled about the cabin threat-
ening the life of tue settler." These conditions, with the
ever present danger from a raid of hostile savages, made
a scene of loneliness, desolation and horror, that cannot be
depicted on pai>er oi- canvas.

During the period from the time Col. Wallace settled in
Washington county until many years afterwards, raids of

40 THE WALLACES— WASHINGTON COUNTY, PA.

the Indians wore frequent, and it was in these raids, and
preparations to repel threatened attacks, and drive the
savages westT\'ard. that tlie Rangers of the Frontiers
rendered such great service in the founding of our Republic.
They were not in the conflict opposed to armed and disci-
plined soldiers from Europe, like their comrades in the east,
V)ut they had to meet and conquer the bushwhacking
savages who lurked in the woods and fell on the unsuspect-
ing settlers, and were backed by the skilled and crafty
British bands in the west. The awful barbarity of the
savages lent horror to the warfare, and it was worse in
feroclt.v. if not in the actual dangers of battle, than the
more civilized warfare in the eastern part of the country.

The following are a few of the raids of the savages
(huing th(^ closing years of the Revolution, but not all that
occurred, taken from the local histories:

Sunday morning Mai'cli 12. 1780, a ])arty of Wyandotts
shot and tomahawked five men and carried away thi'ee
boys and three girls in the southern end of what is now
Reaver county, on Raccoon creek.

April L'7. ITSO. Col. I'roadliead wrote to the pi-esident of
Pennsylvania, that "between 40 and -jO men. women and
children have been killed or taken from what are now
called Yiihog.-iiiia. Monongalia and Oliio coimties," the
former containing the Monongahela region.

About the middle of Sejitember 1780. the Wyandotts
fell upon the settlements on Ten Mile Creek, and killed and
carried away 7 persons. This was close to Col AA'allace's
residence.

Februarv 10. 1782. a large body of Indians visited the

PIONEER LIFE. 41

dwelling of Robert Wallace, Raccoon creek, Washington
county, in bis absence, killed his cattle and hogs, plundered
the cabin of everything, and carried away bis wife and her
3 children. Mrs. Wallace was found afterward, impaled on
the sharpened trunk of a sapling and her infant child killed
and mutilated.

Sunday May 12, 1782, Rev. John Corbly and family
while walking to their meeting house, on Muddy Creek, in
what is now Greene county, were attacked by savages, the
wife and 8 children killed and scalped, and 2 daughters
scalped who afterward recovered, the father alone escaping.

September 13, 1782, seventy Indians attacked and
besieged the blockhouse of Abraham Rice on Buffalo creek,
a short distance from Col. Wallace's, but were defeated.

In April 1783, a band of the savages killed one man and
captured a dozen persons, within a mile of Washington,
the county seat.

These are but a few of the awful experiences of that
period, the people being kept on the constant watch to pre-
vent sudden attacks, and scores were prevented by such
vigilance. It was a common occurrence, for men to carry
their rifles to the woods or fields where they worked, to
the house or grove where they worshipped, and never to
be without them close at hand. When an uprising occurred,
or when the authorities called for men to prevent incursions
of the savages or drive them out, then the Rangers of the
Frontier were on hand, and under their proper officers
made short work of any parties of Indians that prowled
around.

William Wallace and wife and their friends who came

42 THE WALLACES— WASHINGTON COUNTY, PA.

with them to the county, were truly pioneers in that wild
region. But a few years before it was uninhabited, and
when they arrived to make their homes, it was still a
wilderness and the hunting ground of the savages.

The first settlements in tlie original limits of Washing-
ton county, Pa., were in 17G(). and in 1707, the cabins of
the white men were first built. The Monongahela river was
crossed, and settlers had stopped at the mouth of Ten Mile
creek and settled on Raccoon creek. Settlements began in
earnest about 1770.

The Indians had no permanent dwelling places in the
county, although Shingis a King, and Catfish a warrior, of
the Delawares. had hunting lodges, the former at the
mouth of Chartiers creek, and the latter where Washingtou
now stands. Fi'om the spring of 1774, when Cresap stopped
at Catfish camp with his party, at the beginning of Dun-
more's war, until 1795, there was no time when fear did not
find a place at the fireside of the settlers.

Westmoreland county was organized February 20, 1773,
and remained intact until March 28. 1781, when Washing-
ton county was erected from it. After the organization of
Washington county, the following counties were erected:

Fayette county from Westmoreland county September
26, 1783.

Allegheny county from Westmoreland and Washington
counties Septeml)er 24, 1788.

Greene county from Washington county February 7,
1700.

Beaver county from Allegheny and Washington
counties March 12, 1800.

PIONEER LIFE. 43

From the latter date, Washington county has remained
nnclianged.

The Act erecting Washington county, provided in Sec-
tion 4, that the trustees James Edgar, Hugh Scott, Van
Swearingen, Daniel Leet and John Armstrong, should
before July 1, 1781, divide the county into townships. Section
9, authorized Justices of the Peace to hold courts of general
quarter sessions and jail delivery. Section 10, appointed
James Edgar, Hugh Scott, Van Swearingen, Daniel Leet
and John Armstrong, commissioners to purchase ground for
a court house, etc.

The trustees divided the county into 13 townships July
15, 1781, in three of which, Bethlehem, Fallowtield and Not-
tingham, lived nearly all the early settlers included in this,
history. These townships all bordered on the Monougahela
river, and occupied all the frontage on that river in Wash-
ington county.

April 3, 1782, Somerset township was erected from
Fallowtield, Nottingham, Bethlehem and Strabane. Addi-
tional townships were formed from these three original
townships, as follows: January 18, 1790, East and West
Bethlehem; January 18, 1792, Pike Run, which was divided
into East and West Pike Run, March 8, 1839; Carroll Sep-^
tember 30, 1834; Union March 31, 183G; Allen June 14, 1853.
The early towns aloug the river in this territory, were
Parkinson Ferry, laid out by Joseph Parkinson July 2.5,
1700, later known as Williamsport and now as Mononga-
hela City, changed to the latter April 1, 1837.

Greentield was laid out in 1819, incorporated as a
borough April 9, 1834, now known as Coal Centre.

44 THE WALLACES— WASHINGTON COUNTY, PA.

"West Brownsville laid out in ISni, incorporated as a
borough April 2, 1852.

California laid out May 2, 1840, incorporated as a
borougli November 20, 1853.

Canonsburg was laid out by Col. John Canon April 15,
1788, in Chartiers township.

A ferry was operated at Greenfield as early as 1781 by
Van Swearingen, who was one of the trustees of the county
and its first sheriff. In the year 1781, a road was ordered
from "Washington's Mill (now Perryopolis, Fayette
county,) to Van Swearingen's ferry, and thence to Catfish
camp." This ferry was a famous one in later years for the
carrying of live stock across the river, to be taken to east-
ern markets, and many persons yet living, remember the
great herds of sheep, bunches of cattle, etc., that the
drovers took over the mountains from the West. The Mary-
land settlers in Fallowfield and Somerset townships carried
on this traffic to some extent early in the last century, and
perhaps soon after the settlement of the Indian troubles in
1794. William Wallace, Jr.. of Somerset, engaged in the
business to some extent.

The main streams emptying into the Monongahela
river in these townships, were Ten Mile creek, following
the line between Washington and Greene counties. Pike
Run creek, emptying at Greenfield, and Pigeon Creek
emptying at Monongahela City.

The Trustees of the county, under the authority granted
them, purchased of David Hoge October 18, 1781, proprietor
of the town of Washington, a lot of land on which to erect
the building for public use, which was begun in 1783, and

PIONEER LIFE. 45

was built of logs. The consideration was "for his good will
he beareth to the inhabitants of the said county of Wash-
ington, and for the sum of five shilings to him in hand paid
etc." In the original plot of the town, made in October 1781,
Mr. Hoge had written "Bassett alias Dandridge" town;
then he had crossed out these names and written above
them Washington, the first town in the entire country to be
named for the Father of his Country.

CHAPTER II.

Home and Sociat. Life.

William Wallace owned several tracts of land in
Somerset and Bethlehem townships. March 10, 178*j, a land
warrant of 200 acres was granted to him, which was doubt-
less for the 200 acres on which he was assessed in 1781.

The Supreme Executive Council of Pennsjivania issued
the following land warrants to him: 367 acres on Ten Mile
creek called •■Richmond," surveyed May 14, 1785. 423 acres
called "Wallace's Industry" on Pigeon creek, surveyed
April 8, 178(J, named in memory no doubt of "Brothers
Industry" in Montgomery county, Md., where he lived until
married. 232^2 acres on Pigeon creek, called "Wallace's
Bargain," patented to him March 25, 1788.

He bought from Andrew Wise March IG, 1793, 100 acres
out of the 400 acre tract called "Fishery," located in Bethle-
hem township, on the north fork of Ten Mile creek, about
2Y2 miles from its junction with the south branch, and
about four miles from the Monongahela river, on which his
mill was lo<:"ated. Zollarsville is on part of this tract. He
and Absalom Baird bought 302 acres from Benjamin Park-
inson on Pigeon creek and Mingo creek, February 1, 1795

HOME AND SOCIAL LIFE.

47

called "Moiuit Pleasant," aud he also owned over 100 acres
on Pike Run creek.

The home of Colonel Wallace was about two miles
from Bentleysville in Somerset township, where he lived
for over forty years. The house built and occupied by him,
in which all his children were born, is yet in use and in a
good state of preservation as shown in the cut of it on this
page.

He was for some years a miller, as well as planter and

Wallace Homestead, Erected 1779-1780.

stock grower, and it was quite a familiar and prominent
place, being recognized in the records of Washington county
in surveys made.

At the March session of the court of Washington
county in 1794, a road was ordered "from .John Heaton's
mill on the south fork of Ten Mile creek to Col. Wm. Wal-
lace's mill on the north fork of said creek."

In the formation of Greene county, Februaiy 9, 1796,
the following record is made of the boundary line, begin-

48 THE WALLACES— WASHINGTON COUNTY, PA.

uing "At the mouth of Teu Mile creek, on the Monongahela
I'iver; thence up Ten Mile creek to the junction of the
north and south forks of said oreek; thence up said north
fork to Col. William W'ailace's mill etc."

Col. Wallace, the planter, like many of his neighbors,
held slaves for a few years. Pennsylvania was the first of
the States that passed an act for the gradual emancipation
of all the slaves within its jurisdiction, enacted March 1,
1780, and under the act, owners of slaves were required to
register them. The following registers are shown of the
Wallace and Hopkins families:

December 28, 1782, Frances Wallace 11, William W^il-
lace 1, Herbert Wallace 20, John Hopkins 10, Fallowheld
township.

February 27, 1789, William Wallace, Esq., 3, Somerset
township.

.July 15, 1790, William Wallace, Esq., 4I, Somerset
township.

March 9,1789, Herbert Wallace 1, Fallowlield township.

March 7, 1789, John Hopkins, Jr., 1, Fallowheld town-
ship.

The ordinary occupation of the pioneer, in clearing and
cultivating his land, was laborious in the extreme, while
that of the women of the household was just as hard, with
less of the excitement and interest of outdoor life. Far
removed from the advantages and intlueuces of a more
settled and civilized life, they were thrown completely on
their own resources for the enjoyments of the social side
of their life. The social life of the period was of the most
friendly and hospitable character. A common danger broke

HOME AND SOCIAL LIFE. 49

down all formality, and bound the people together in strong
ties of sympathy and helpfulness. Neighbors met together
in social pleasures with a heartiness and geniality of man-
ner, freedom from restraint and hearty good cheer, that has
largely passed away. Special invitations were not the pass-
ports to the homes of the people, but literally the latch
string hung out to all who might call, natural courtesy and
good breeding giving a hearty welcome. They entertained
their visitors with a whole souled hospitality, character-
istic of the royal nobility so natural to the early builders
of the country.

One of the pleasant social occasions, wherein pleasure
was combined with business, was the "scutching" frolic,
when the women of the neighborhood prepared the flax for
the clothing of their household. After the flax raised on
their farm had been "retted" or softened, so that the fibre
could be separated, it was passed through the "brake" a
home made machine for cracking and .separating the pithy
heart of the plant, and was then ready for scutching.

Each woman had her scutching block, a piece of tree
trunk split in two and a triangular section cut from the
middle, mounted on four pins or legs. With a swingling
knife made of a wooden paddle about two feet long, having
a broad blade and one thin edge, the sticks of broken flax
which were held along the groove of the scutching board
with one hand, were beaten with the swingling knife, strik-
ing lengthwise of the plant, until the tough and springy
fibre was separated into threads, which lay in the groove of
the scutching block a coarse, fluffy mass ready for
hackling. The scene was an animated one, the exercise not

50 THE WALLACES— WASHINGTON COUNTY, PA.

too hard, but sufficient to bi'ing color to the faces of the
fair M'orkers, while their tongues were as busy in conversa-
tion as their hands were in scutching.

This was followed by the hackling, a coarse comb being
used, with which the scutched flax was raked, until the
rougher part known as swingling tow. was separated from
the finer part. The latter was the linen fibre ready for spin-
ning into coarse and fine threads, thence made into cuts
ready for the shuttle for weaving into cloth.

Such a gathering was common, and a part of the life
of the people. The conversation ran along rapidly, but the
themes were quite different from those at the parties of the
present day. The Indians, always in mind and always a
teiTor, were first in thought and speech. One related the
story of the outrages of the savages when, the men absent
in the fields, they came unawares on the household of
women and children, or raided the settlement of unarmed
residents, and murdered the helpless and the innocent, the
scalping knife completing the bloody work. The horror of
the days and nights with the fear of the savages constantly
before them, was told in such thrilling tones as to cause a
hush to fall upon all.

But these were women of sti'ong faith, high courage
and fixed determination, and they soon banished the
soml)re thoughts of danger, and turned to more cheerful
subjects. Their household duties, the making of the cloth-
ing, the rearing of the children, and the latest develop-
ments in the religious life of the settlements, demanded
attention, and none was more discussed than the latter,
which was so needful in their lives, and so vital to their
welfare.

HOME AND SOCIAL LIFE. 51

Not less attractive was the com shucking be«s, gen-
erally in the fields, but sometimes in the shelter near the
houses, which was made an occasion of great moment and
interest. A group of men walking in the furrows would
strip the husks from the golden ears, hurling the latter into
heaps as thej' passed along; or having the stalks gathered
in heaps, the men seated aboiit them, shucked the corn and
piled the ears into great golden piles. The men were the
principal actors in this work, as the women were in the
scutching of the flax.

The period of labor in each case was followed by the
supper, bounteous and good, after which came the amuse-
ments of the evening, when for the time all danger was
forgotten. Games were made and played by the younger
ladies and the gallants who had called in time for supper.
These were of the kind that prevailed in the pioneer times,
and not always such as we have in these days, but innocent
and pleasureable. The home dances were popular, with the
dancing as graceful and sometimes as vigorous, as the
supple and sturdy youth who engaged in them, with music
as wild as the virgin forests, from a tiddle played by one
of nature's own musicians. The scene was one of rare
attraction, and as innocent as it was gladsome and hearty.

As the children of the pioneers grew toward manhood
and womanhood, the thoughts of the parents naturally
turned to the educational advantages of the homes of their
childhood, and the opportunities they had, and they did
what they could to supply this necessity in the life of the
children.

The educational advantages were necessarily of the

52 THE WALLACES— WASHINGTON COUNTY, PA.

poorest. The school houses, when there were any, were
made of logs in the most primitive manner, with one log
left out to give light, the fireplace built of logs with stone
back wall, calculated for a back log G feet long. The seats
were made of small trees cut about 12 feet long and split,
the flat side dressed smooth with an axe, and legs put in
on the round side. The schools were as primitive as the
other life of the country, but what there were developed a
strong people, of rare good sense, intense loyalty to right
and country, and good builders of the intellectual giants
W'ho followed them.

Among the most interesting events in those pioneer
days, as has been the case indeed in all ages, were the
marriage customs and ceremonies.

The mode of dress was simple and plain in the extreme.
The men wore moccasins, leather breeches, leggins and
liusey hunting shirts, all home made. The women were
dressed in linsey petticoats and gowns, coarse shoes and
stockings, handkerchief and buckskin gloves. On the event-
ful day a procession was formed by the bridegroom and his
friends, usually in double file, about one mile from the
house of fe-stivity, and thus marched to the place. Arriving
at the house the ceremony was performed at high noon,
after which was a sumptuous dinner. This was of the most
substantial character, consisting of a feast of beef, pork,
fowl, venison and bear meat, roasted and boiled, with
plenty of potatoes, cabbages and other vegetables. Tbe
feast was spread in most of the homes on a table made
from a large slab of timber, hewed smooth with a broadaxe,
supported l)y four sticks; and the furniture consisted of

^ HOME AND SOCIAL LIFE.

some old pewter dishes aud plates, the remainder being
wooden bowls, and a few pewter spoons with others made
of horn, and scalping knives made up any deficiency in
knives.

The dinner was followed by dancing, which usually
continued all night, while the bride and groom were
spirited away from the crowd.

Whether this custom literally prevailed at the weddings
in Col. Wallace's home is not known, but that they were
grand affairs, and much made of, is a matter of family
history. The Colonel was a lover and grower of fine horses,
and his plantations contained many fine specimens, which
figured in the wedding ceremonies of his daughters. When
his daughters began to leave him he was comfortably fixed,
luxuriously for the times, with plenty of the good things
of life to make him a liberal entertainer, and a prince in
good cheer and living.

His daughter Frances and House Bentley were married
at the old homestead August 8, 1799. The occasion was
magnificent in its proportions, many guests being present,
hospitality of the freest and cheeriest, the old mansion
ringing with mirth and gayety, and evei'ything befitting so
important an occasion. When the ceremony was over, a
sumptuous and splendid banquet followed, with all the
good things that earth, and woods, and sky provided for
the appetite. When all were served, and the hour came for
the departure of the new couple to build a home of their
own, they were sent away with good wishes and good
cheer, leaving in a coach drawn by four white horses, the
pride of the stock that made rich the plantation of Col.

54 THE WALLACES— WASHINGTON COUNTY, PA.

Wallace. Doubtless all the other girls were given as good
a send off.

Of a different character, and more solemn, and often
sweet and soothing, were the religious meetings in the
forests, known variously as sacramental meetings, four
days meetings, and later as camp meetings. Churches and
ministers were widely scattered so that the people came
for miles In wagons, on horseback and on foot. In the can-
vas covered wagons couches were provided for the women
and children, while the men camped under the wagons
or in booths. Rude fireplaces were made on which to hang
the pots for cooking, while the horses were picketed in the
woods. Logs were laid for seats at the place of worship,
and the pulpit was in the preacher's tent, a wooden shed
with raised floor, roofed but open at the sides and front.

Those were the days of the ecclesiastical pioneers and
giants, such as Dr. John McMillan, Rev. John Clark, Rev.
Joseph Smith, Rev. Mathew Henderson and others, and
the preaching was as forceful and rugged as the life and
labor of the pioneer settlers. They needed strong food and
they got it. Service was held at 11 o'clock after which there
was luncheon and ihen preaching at 3 o'clock. In the mean-
time the sacramental tokens were distributed, a custom
brought from the Church of Scotland.

At night the scene was picturesque and awe inspiring,
when with the rude torches of pine knots lighting up the
camp, the wierd, beautiful and touching singing, ' the
earnest, eloquent and Impressive tones of the jpreacher, the
rustling of the leaves under the touch of the breeze, the
hum of the insects, the occasional twittering of birds, with

HOME AND SOCIAL LIFE. 55

perhaps the plaintive note of the whippoorwill, made a
scene never to be torgotten. The effect at some of these
meetings was startling- in the extreme. During the revivals
under Dr. McMillan, persons under strong conviction of
sin were prostrated to the ground, and their bodies
strangely and violently agitated. The local historians of
the time thus described the scenes, and added that in many
cases there was decided change of character, and the after
life proved the genuineness of the work.

In those days there were no church buildings and
conveniences such as we have, and God's temples were
the rallying places of God's chosen people. Prior to Gen.
Anthony Wayne's victory over the Indians in 1794, men
generally went to church with their guns on their shoulders,
which were stacked ready for use at the place of worship,
and sentinels were posted to sound the alarm, in case of a
threatened attack by the Indians.

CHAPTER III.

Revolutionary Service.

Col. William Wallace was a soldier in the Kevolii-
tionaiy war, serving at two different times, first while in
his Maryland home and after settling in Washington
county. Pa.

In the Maryland Archives Volume XII folio 352, a list is
given of Captain Richard Smith's company of militia, for
the service of the "Flying Camp," the service of the com-
pany beginning September 19, 177G. Col. Wallace was a
private in this company. The places of service of the com-
pany seqm to have been in New York and New Jersey, in
the campaigns of General George Washington in the fall
of 1776 and in 1777.

In the Maryland Convention July 26, 1775, the forma-
tion of a regular military force was ordered, to be composed
of a battalion of which Colonel Smallwood received the
command, seven independent companies and two companies
of artillery and one of marines. The convention also
resolved to enroll forty companies of minute men, eight of
which were from Frederick county.

REVOLUTIONARY SERVICE. 57

On July lU, 177G, six companies under Col. Smallwood
and three from Baltimore, embarked for tlie head of Elk
river, whence they marched to New York, and were incor-
porated in General Stirling's brigade. The four independ-
ent companies remaining in Maryland, as was also the
"Flying Camp," were later ordered to join Colonel Small-
wood.

In July 177(5, the Continental Congress authorized the
establishment of a "Flying Camp" under General Hugh
Mercer, composed of men from Pennsylvania, Delaware
and Maryland.

The regiment of the "Flying Camp" under Col. Beall, of
Max'yland, left early in the fall, sailing to the head of Elk
river, thence marching to New Y'^ork.

The "Flying Camp" is shown in history, to have taken
part in the battle of White Plains, N. Y., the latter part
of October 177G; were at Fort Washington in November,
where they held a very dangerous and important position;
took part in the battle of Princeton January 1777, Brandy-
wine September 1777, and Germantown October 1777. The
length of service, losses, and other particulars so carefully
kept in these days, are entirely lacking.

In the Pennsylvania Archives Third Series, Volume 23
pages 211-223, Wallace's name is given as a private in the
"Rangers of the Frontiers." These are miscellaneous rolls,
showing the names of men from 1778 to 1783, but no com-
panies or other commands are given. The rolls are made
up of such lists as the State has been able to secure. Col.
Wallace's name appears in at least three places, showing
that he served on three different occasions, and was paid

58 THE WALLACES-WASHINGTON COUNTY, PA.

for such services. In the lists wliere his name appears are
the names of many of his neighbors, showing that an
organized body went into the service, and that he served
his country after he l>ecame a resident of Washington
county, Pa.

After the Revolution he was a prominent figure in
the militia of the State. In 1782 he was a private in the
militia; in 1784, soon after peace was established, -he was
Ensign of the militia, in the Fourth company, Capt.
Marquis, 3rd Battalion, and perhaps saw some further
service in defending the frontiers from attacks of the
Indians, with whom peace was not established until 1795.

Mr. Wallace was known as Colonel Wahace, the title
being derived from his service in the militia, in which he
became Colonel, and not from his service in the Revolution,
in which he held no commission as an officer so far as the
records show. He became colonel so far as can be learned,
about 1791 or 1792.

In the report of Alexander Hamilton, Secretary of War
to President Washington, September 2, 1794. of the officials
who took any part in the "Whiskey Insurrection," or as he
expressed it— "those instances of opposition and discount-
enance to the laws l\v persons in office which are unequivo-
cal," he says:— "Among those who composed the third meet-
ing which was held at Pittsburg on the 21st of August
1792, were John Canon and Albert Gallatin, members of
-the legislature; D. Bradford, deputy attornej' general;
James Marshall, register and recorder; Edward Cook,
associate .ludge; John Smilie, State Senate; Thomas Wilson
and Samuel Geddes, colonels of militia; William Wallace,

REVOLUTIONARY SERVICE. 59

then sheriff uow colonel of militia; John Hamilton, sheriff
and colonel of militia; and Bazu Brown, captain of
militia." See Pennsylvania Archives, Second Series,
Volume 4, page 287.

The report oi the Secretary could not give the date of
the appointment of William Wallace as colonel, but the
following record shows that he held this office while he
was sheriff. In the Pennsylvania Arehives, Second Series,
Volume 4, page 700, under date of February 9, 1792, a peti-
tion is given, which was sent from Washington county to
Governor Mifflin, asking for the appointment of .John Robi-
son as County Lieutenant. One of the signers of this peti-
tion was "Col. Wm. Wallace." This would show that at the
meeting in Pittsburg August 21, 1792, he was both sheriff
and colonel of militia.

CHAPTER IV.

Political Life.

Colonel Wallace seems to have been prominent as a
politician as well as a soldier.

In the records of the Supreme Executive Council of
Pennsylvania, at Philadelphia. June 30, 1788, is the follow-
ing: "William Wallace, Esq.. was appointed and commis-
sioned a Justice of the Peace and of the Court of Common
Pleas, in and for the county of Washington, upon a return
made according to law. for the district of Somerset." The
appointment was for seven years, and he was the third
Justice of the township. His commission gave him the
position of Associate Judge. He was also appointed Justice
in 1807.

He was a candidate for sheriff in 178G. but failed of
election, but was elected November 9, 1700, to serve for
three years, the fourth person elected to that office in the
county. Hon. Thomas Scott, member of Congress, and Hon..
John Hoge. State Senator, were tlie sureties on his bond.

During his term of office there was no courthouse. The
first courthouse and .i^il was occupied July 1787. The
building was of logs and located on the public square. This

POLITICAL LIFE. 61

was destroyed by fire in the winter of 1790-91, about the
time Col. Wallace entered upon his duties. The second
courthouse was begun in 1791 and completed in 1794, in
which period court was held at James Wilson's house.

October 2, 1794, Col. Wallace was elected as a Repre-
sentative from the county to the House of Representatives
of the State. The county being declared in a state of insur-
rection on account of the "Whiskey Insurrection!," a
resolution was offered in the House December ItJ, 1794,
that on this account William Wallace and others elected
from the western counties at the same time, were not duly
qualified for the office.

The question was discussed and laid over until January
9, 1795, when the following resolution was adopted by a
vote of 43 yeas and 20 nays: "Resolved, That the elections
held during the late insurrection in the counties of West-
moreland, Washington, Fayette and Allegheny, to represent
said counties in this House, were unconstitutional, and
they are hereby declared void."

On February Ki, 1795, those who were candidates were
re-elected, Wm. Wallace being among- the numiber, who
was a member of that body for 1795-6-7. No charges of
disloyalty were made against these gentlemen, but they
were deprived of their seats on constitutional grounds
alone.

So far as the records show. Col. Wallace took no offen-
sive part in the "AVhiskey Insurrection." During the early
part of the movement he was sheriff of the county, and no
record is known or statement made regarding his course
except in 1792. In the Pennsylvania Archives, Series 2,

62 THE WALLACES-WASHINGTON COUNTY, PA.

Volume 4, pages 29-31, an account is giveu of a meeting
held in Pittsburg August 21, 1792, at which he and his
neighbor, Sheshbazzar Bentley, were present. .John Canon,
founder of Canonsburg, was called to the Ciiair and Albert
Gallatin elected clerk, and a committee of five members
was appointed to prepare resolutions, and then adjourned
until 10 o'clock the next day.

At that meeting resolutions were adopted, one of which
appointed a committee to draw up a remonstrance to Con-
gress, stating their objections to the excise laws and pray-
ing for the repeal of the same, and another appointed a
committee of correspondence, whose duty it was to corre-
spond together, and with such committees as should be
appointed for the same purpose from the other counties,
relative to the general subject. William Wallace was the
first name on this committee.

His name does not appear again anywhere in the
records as having any part in the movement, doubtless on
account of his ofiicial position as sheriff and colonel of
militia, and from the fact that the law was modified, and
that President Washington ordered its enforcement; whose
word was law to his old soldiers.

The W^hiskey or W^estern Insurrection was a deplorable
event, casting a shadow on the settlers of tliat day, but
it was more the work of a few hot heads on the side of the
disaffected people, than of any deliberate attempt to
resist the government. Many of the settlers had served
under General AVashington to form the Republic, and not
one of them would deliberately take up arms against him,
or enter into a combination to hurt their country, but rather

POLITICAL LIFE. 63

would have fought to the death for both. The hot heads on
cue side aud the %yaut of patience and lack of tact of a
few* who represented the governiuent, brought on misun-
derstanding and eventually conflict and the strong arm of
the government was exerteo to procure quiet.

The cause of the opposition to the excise, was the
poverty of the people. They raised plenty of grain, but had
no markets, hence no money. The cost of hauling their pro-
ducts to Philadelphia, their nearest market, over the moun-
tains in wagons, was from $5 to $10 per 100 pounds. They
had mills and ground their grain into good flour, but it
cost as much for freight to Philadelphia as the flour sold
for. The only way the people saw to get out of their
financial difficulties, was to distil their grain into whiskey,
and thus send it to market in a more portable way. In
those days neither the making nor selling of whiskey was
regarded as it is now, and it was believed to be legitimate,
and in this way they sold their grain and procured some
money.

The excise which placed a tax on the whiskey, aroused
the indignation of the sturdy Scotch and Irish who had
taken their lives in their hands to settle the country, and
they naturally opposed the imposition of the tax. This little
flame was fanned by some ambitious persons who hoped to
profit out of it. Some of the distillers accepted the inevitable
and tried to make the most of it, and all would have done
so in time no doubt but for the few, very few, leaders who
kept up the agitation, some of whom were the first to leave
the country when the army came west to suppress the
insurrection.

CHAPTER V.

Bentley Family.

The Beutleys who married into the old Maryland
family of Wallace, had ancestors in Pennsylvania as early
as 1700. The family goes back to John Bentley and his
wife, Mary Miles Bentley, who were living in Chester
county, Penaisylvania, in 1701. Their son Jeffrey Bentley
married Eleanor Banner and were the parents of George
Bentley, who served in the colonial wars, holding a lieuten-
ant's commission. He married Jane Charter and they had
eight children, Sheshbazzar, House, Jeffrey, Absalom, Mary,
Benjamin, Margaret and Joseph. The family moved to
Western Pennsylvania about the time of the Revolution.

Sheshbazzar married Hannah Baldwin and had six
children: House, George, Benjamin, Hannah, .Tane and
Sheshbazzar. He purchased 1,050 acres of land on Pigeon
creek, Washington county, Pennsylvania, May 8, 1777, and
being a millwright, he built and operated the first mill on
that creek. He was evidently a prominent and influential
man in his day. At the meeting held in Pittsburg, August
21, 1792, during the Whiskey Insurrection, he and his friend
William Wallace, were present and were appointed to act

BENTLEY FAMILY. 65

together on the committee of corresponclence. Of his
children, George and House were the ones that married into
tlie Wallace family.

I. Eleanor Wallace, born June 4, 1780, was married to
George Bentley and had no children.

II. Frances Wallace, born June 30, 1782, was married
to House Bentley August 8, 1799, and had children as
follows:

1. Hannah Bentley bom November 5, 1800, married
John Kennedy, a well known and popular man, whose
ancestors were old residents of Mingo, near Finleyville,
Washington county, Pennsylvania, coming from Ireland
about 1775. They had nine children of whom, at the
present time, three are living, Sheshbazzar and House,
unmari'iod, and Frances who married .John Long of
Monongahela City, Pa.

The children of the latter were Elizabeth and John
Kennedy Long. Elizabeth married Alvin King, of Mononga-
hela City, and died, leaving one son, Jack. John K. Long
ma.iTied Sarah McClure and they have a family of three
sons, William, Edward and Sheshbazzar and one daughter,
Frances, married to S. F. Coopei", all living.

2. Sheshbazzar Bentley, born November 27, 1802, mar-
ried Elizabeth Shouse in 1825. Sketch later on.

3. Elizabeth Bentley, born March 6, 1805, married Mr.
Todd.

4. William Wallace Bentley, born June 22, 1807, unmar-
ried, died in the south.

5. Eleanor; 6 George; 7, Benjamin; 8, House; 9,
Franklin, died in infancy.

66 THE WALLACES-WASHINGTON COUNTY, PA.

10. Martha J. W. Bentley, born December 3, 181G,
married John Caldwell Jnly 25, 1842. He was the sou of
Joseph Caldwell ITCS-lSoS and Catherine Schwartz Cald-
well, of Irish lineage, and was born May 10, 1814. They
had three children.

i. Francis Narcissa Caldwell, born in 1844, died in 1899,
never married.

ii. Catharine Caldwell, born in 1847, married Adolpbus
Luning and lives in California.

iii. Mary Martha Caldwell, born in 1849, was adopted
by her uncle B. F. Bentley, and married Alexander McLean
Walker in 1871, and died in 1876, leaving no children.

Mrs. Caldwell died in 185.3, and after his wife's death,
Mr. Caldwell went west and died there.

11. Margaret Bentley, born February 8, 1819. married
Robert Mullin. The MuUins are also an old Irish family.
They came to this country from Ireland and settled in Cum-
berland county. Pa., where William D. Mullin, father of
Robert was born, January 6, 1787. He came to Fayette
county about 1809 married Margaret Graham and had a
family of eight children.

Robert, the oldest son. was born December 19, 1814, and
married Margaret Bentley; he was engaged in the mer-
cantile biisiness until his death. Their children were:

i. Orthelia Mullin, born February 28, 1846, was mar-
ried to W^illiara McCune, and to them were born two
children, Robert Mullin and Edward Howard.

ii. Frances E. Mullin, born July 1, 1848, was married to
Joseph Cooper. They live in Pittsburg. Have bo children.

12. Benjamin Franklin Bentley, born December 28,

BENTLEY FAMILY. 67

1821, married Mary Van Voorliis, a descendant of one of
the oldest and largest families in Washington county, tiielr
ancestors coming from Holland in 1G70 and settling in the
county in 1785. They had no children.

13. Mary Ann Amanda Bentley, born June 3, 1828,
was twice married, first to .Joshua N. Stephens and then
to Levi Stephens, a brother of .Toshua, descendants of a
Welsh familj' that came to this country soon after 1700
and before the Revolution settled in the Monongahela
Valley. The children of .Joshua N. and Amanda Stephens
are Nathaniel Bentley, Prances Elizabeth and Belle.
BENTLEY—SHOUSE FAMILY.

2. Sheshbazzar Bentley, son of House and Frances
Wallace Bentley, married Elizabeth Shouse in 1825.

Elizabeth Shouse was the daughter of John Shouse,
who was one of the pioneer settlers in W^ashington county
and was a man of parts. When the war of 1812 broke
out, he was captain of a cavalry troop of Williamsport, now
Monongahela, which actively participated in the war.

Sheshbazzar Bentley was one of the best known, men
of his day, large hearted and generous to a degree, and
gained considerable prominence in politics, being elected
county commissioner in 1835 and sheriff in 1840, being the
last sheriff from the river district to the present da.y, and
was, as well, prominent in local affairs. He owned a large
tract of land below Monongahela City, part of which is
now West Monongahela. He died at Washington, Pa.,
March 20, 1875.

They had the following children:

i. Roxana Bentley, born .July 1, 1827, married Dr.

68 THE WALLACES— WASHINGTON COUNTY, PA.

Aaron Gamble. They had one son. Sheshbazzar Bentley
Gamble, now a resident of Colorado Springs, Colo.

ii. Mirabell Bentley, born October 28, 1829, married
William Moore and had two children, Jennie ^Vilson, wife
of J. W. D. Stovell, of Colorado Springs, and Mirabell, who
died in early womanhood. Mr. and Mrs. Stovell have three
children: Jack, James and William.

iii. Sarah Jane Bentley. Sketch later.

iv. William Wallace Bentley, born June 28, 183G, mar-
ried Mary Bowman, of Brownsville, for his first wife, and
Louise White, of Bvansville, Ind., for his second wife, and
they had one son, W^lliiam Wallace Bentley, who lives near
Pittsburg.

V. Lanthus Bentley, born May 7, 18o9. unmarried, died
November 15, 1887; he served one term as district attorney
of Washing-ton county.

vi. Marsena and vii. Eudora, died young.

iii. Sarah Jane Bentley, born February 7, 1832, married
William Hugh Wilson, November 15, 18H0. Mr. Wilson was
born Noveml)er 30, 1833, and is a descendant of the old
Wilson family of Carlisle, Pa., originally from Ireland. His
father was Joseph Wilson, who was the son of Hugh Wil-
son. The latter came to Monongahela City in 1810, and
was one of the first ruling elders in the Presb.vterian
church there, a strong Presbyterian of the Scotch-Irish
school, of great piety and much force of character.

Among his many religious books were a book of
prayers, published in 1710, which is a family heirloom, and
a rare old Bible of great size, which came from Ireland and
contains carefully preserved records of the Wilson family.

BENTLEY FAMILY. 69

Hugh Wilson's wife was Sibby Holmes. She attended
the ball given in Philadelphia in honor of the Declaration
of Independence, and the gray satin gown she wore on that
occasion is a valued treasure of the family. William H.
Wilson and wife had the following children:

1. Margaret Elizabeth Wilson, born August 28, 1861,
was married to William C. Hodill May 20, 1888, and had
two children, William Philip Courtney and Bettie.

ii. William Wallace Bentley Wilson, born May 16,
1863, died November 11, 1865.

iil. Jennie Stuart Wilson. Sketch later.

iv. Maude Wilson, born June 15, 1869, was married to
John Nesbit Jenkins August 15, 1900.

V. Roxana Bentley Wilson born April 5, 1871, died
November 11, 1871.

vi. Eliza Logan Wilson, born June 17, 1873.
iii. Jennie Stuart WMlson born August 29, 1865, was
married to William Herron Alexander, June 14, 1888. They
have one child, Jean Alexander. By this marriage two of
the early families of Monongahela City were united, the
Wilson family being resident since 1816, and the Alexander
family since 1828. Hugh Wilson and Joseph Alexander
both had trading stores.

Joseph Alexander was born April 1, 1795, and died
June 20, 1871, and spent nearly all his life in business in
Monongahela City. His father, Joseph Alexander, Sr.,
born July 9, 1765, died June 9, 1847, was a man well
known in his day for his abolitionist views. He served in the
war of 1812 as Forage Master in Captain Thomas L. Jack's
company, Second Regiment, commanded by Colonel Robert

70 THE WALLACES— WASHINGTON COUNTY, PA.

L. Patterson, Second Detachment of Pennsylvania militia
in service of the United States from October 2, 1812 to
April 2, 1813 under command of Brigadier General Rich-
ard Crooks in the Northwest army under General William
H. Harrison, While the term of service was not long, the
historian Spencer says that the Pennsylvania troops suf-
fered very great hardships during the winter dragging
the artillery and stores from Sandusliy to the Rapids. As
Forage Master Joseph Alexander, Sr., employed his son,
Joseph Alexander, Jr., (1795-1871) and Thomas Corwin,
afterwards the famous statesman, to assist him in teaming
supplies for the army, and the two boys roomed and slept
and took the hardships of army life together. Joseph
Alexander, Sr. was the son of Isaac Alexander, born in
Maryland, December 16, 1715, died 1792. Isaac was the
first of this branch to settle in Western Pennsylvania,
having been granted a patent for 3G5 acres of land on Ten
Mile creek, near what is now Fredericktown, Washington
county, Pennsylvania, March 25, 1788. His father, Elias
Alexander, was a Marylander, born 1080, died 1780.

The Alexanders are represented in the business life of
the community at the present day by the bank bearing their
name and have been active and foremost in local affairs for
several generations.

Joseph Alexander admitted his son, the late William
J. Alexander to an interest in his store in 1843 under the
name of J. Alexander & Son, which title existed until
1850, when the present name of Alexander & Co. was
adopted and the banking business established.

In 1800 James S. Alexander, a younger son of Joseph

BENTLEY FAMILY. 71

Alexander was admitted to the firm, which was further
enlarged by the admittance of Joseph A. Herron, a grand-
son of Joseph Alexander, in 1871. On the death, in 1894, of
William J. Alexander, William H. Alexander and Frederick
K. Alexander, sons of James S. Alexander were admitted.

CHAPTER VI.

Greer-Gregg Families.

III. George Beiitley Wallace, boru March 19, 1784.
IV. Margaret Wallace, born May 20, 178C, was married
to .John Greer, February IG, 1807. Children:

1. Eleanor Bentley Greer, born April 30, 1808, married

Duprez, and they moved, it is believed to Louisville,

Ky., where some of their descendants at one time lived.

2. Frances Bentley Greer, born June 8, 1810.

3. rfarah Selina Greer, born July 28, 1812, maiTied Rev,
W. E. Post, of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, sixth
pastor of the church at Washington, Pa., who was con-
verted at the great camp meeting held in September 1831.

He was the son of Ephraim Post, of Upper Ten Mile
Presbyterian Church, an old pioneer family, who was one
of five members of that church who wrote January 1831 to
the president of the Cumberland (C. P.) College, Princeton,
Ky., requesting that Cumberland Presbyterian preachers
be sent there, and helped to organize the church in Wash-
ington county. Great revivals of religion attended the
formation of this chui'ch, the people melting in tears, and
as mauy as 120 persons coming forward at one time for
the prayers of the church.

GREER-GREGG FAMILIES. 73

This was followed by a camp meeting held September
1831 for one week, 250 families being on the ground. It
was the greatest meeting the evangelists had ever known,
Mr. Morgan, one of them, saying: "We had attended many
meetings but this surpassed any we had ever seen. Several
times when the anxious were invited, we counted some
250 on the seats at one time. Convictions of sin were
more general, deeper and more rational than any we had
ever before noticed, and conversions the clearest, attended
with the most overwhelming joy and peace. It was common
to see pei'sons of age and intelligence overwhelmed by a
sense of their sins, and their lost and miserable condition,
in the deepest anguish of soul. From this sad and affecting
condition they would seem all of a sudden to awake into
light and joy the most ecstatic and indescribable."

Rev. W. E. Post and family moved to Ohio and all trace
of them was lost.

Mrs. Greer died March 23, 1813, when Eleanor B., and
Sarah Selina Greer her daughtei's, were taken home and
reared by Mrs. George Wallace Bentley, but there is no
record of the other child, Frances B. Greer, who it is sup-
posed died in infancy.

V. Martha Wallace, born September 5, 1788, married
James Agnew Smith. See sketch in Smith family.

VI. William Wallace, Jr., born August 20, 1790, was
married to Eleanor Gregg June 14, 1811. She was the
daughter of John Gregg, who came from Ireland in 1791,
and settled in what Is now East Pike Run township, Wash-
ington county. Pa., with his brothers Henry Gregg and
William Gregg. They owned a large quantity of land

74 THE WALLACES— WASHINGTON COUNTY, PA.

between West Brownsville and Belle Vernon, some of
which still belongs to their descendants.

They had one child, Sarah Gregg Wallace, born May 1,
1812. .\Irs. Wallace died December 20, 1813, and Mr. W^^l-
lace died in Maryland where he had gone with a drove of
horses. September 25. 1820. He was a .soldier of the war
of 1812 in the Maryland service.

Sarah Gregg Wallace was married to John R. Gregg
Novemoer 29, 1832. He was born April 5, 1810, and was
the son of Robert and Ann Robinson Gregg, and grandson
of William Gregg, one of the three brothers who settled in
the country together. John R. Gregg in early life was a
school teacher, and was afterwaixls a merchant in Green-
field. Mr. Gregg died April 17, 1885. and Mrs. Gregg June
5, 1871. They had the following children:

1. Eleanor Martha Gregg, born January 27, 1834. now
lives at Stockdale, Fa.

2. Anne .jane Gregg, born September 23. 1830, mar-
ried Lewis Whittaker Morgan October 27, 1857. He was
born at Waynesburg. Pa., November 5, 1830, the son of
William M. and Mary Whittaker Morgan. The Morgans
were Quakers and of Welsh descent, and came to Pennsyl-
vania from Baltimore, Md. Mrs. Maiy W^. Morgan was the
daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth Lewis Whittaker, who
came to this country from Ireland in 1797 to York, Pa.

L. W. Morgan moved to Greenfield in 1844, and began
business in California, Pa., May 1851, keeping the first
general store in the town. He was on the river for sev-
eral years after this, serving as hrst clerk on the mail line
of steamboats, the longest term being on the "Telegraph,"

GREER- GREGG FAMILIES. 75

under Capt. Woodward. After leaving the river on account
of his health, he went into the merchandising and coal busi-
ness, continuing until 1888. He is now engaged in the
grocery business at California, Pa. He and his family are
members of the M. E. Church. He was elected superixi-
tendent of the Sunday School at its organization and served
in that capacity for 20 years. He has been trustee in the
Normal School at California, Pa., since its incorporation,
and is the only member who has served continuously. He
was the first president of the board of trustees. Politically
he is a Prohibitionist. Children:

P. W. Morgan, born December 27, 1862, married Annie
Amelia Kendig, daughter of Rev. M. S. Kendig, December
27, 1898. He was graduated at the Normal School at his
home, and is now cashier of the East Pittsburg National
Bank at Wilmerding, Pa.

Mary Woodwaixl, born April 22, 1860; William Wallace,
born in 1864; John Charles, born April 20, 1866, and Lewis
Lambert, born July 20, 1870, are all dead.

Elizabeth Holmes Morgan, born Februai-y 22, 1868, was
graduated from the Normal School at her home in 1885.

Albert Thomas Morgan, born October 8, 1872, was
graduated at the Normal School in 1891, Dickinson Law
School in 1898, and is practicing law at Washington, Pa.

3. William Henry Gregg, born Januaiy 24, 1839, mar-
ried Mai-y L. Lambert September 22, 1880. Children:

Sarah Amanda i.nd Mary Ella died young.

John R. Gregg, born May 3, 1888.

Lucetta Jane Gregg, born January 19,1890.

Elizabeth Morgan Gregg, born February 15, 1892.

76 THE WALLACES— WASHINGTON COUNTY, PA.

Joseph Etta Gregg, born September 23, 1895.

Mr. Gregg served four years during the Civil War, in
Company I First West Virginia Cavahy, and was a good
soklier, serving his country faithfully.

Mrs. Gregg was born J,une 18, 1857, in Greenfield, the
daughter of .Joseph and Amanda Lambert. The latter was
the daughter of William and Mary Hornbake, born at Belle
Vernon, Pa.

Mr. Lambert was born in Allen township, Washington
county. Pa., March 4, 1833. His father, William Lambert,
was born in County Wexford, Ireland in 1784, came to
America when a young man, and married Lydia Jones near
(Greenfield about 1823, whose father, John Jones, a teacher
and Quaker, came to this country with William Penn. Wil-
liam Lambert was a Catholic and his wife became also a
member of that church. Two of their sons became Catholic
Priests, and their daughter a Sister of Mercy. Mr. Lam-
bert died in 18G8 and Mrs. Lambert in 1871, both being
l)uried in the Catliolic cemetery at Elizabeth, Pa. Joseph
A. Lambert is dead and is buried in the Catholic cemetery
at Coal Centre.

Elizabeth Wallace died June 24, 1818, and Col. William
deceased.

Elizabeth Wallace died June 24, 1818. and Col. William
Wallace April 24, 1821, and were buried on their homestead
near Bentleysville, where they had lived together for
nearly forty years.

III.

Rev* John Smith Family*

CHAPTER I.

Rev. John Smith,

Rev. Joliu Smith was born in 1747, near Stirling, Scot-
land; was graduated at tlie University of Glasgow, and
studied tlieology with Prof. Moncrieff at Alloa, near Stirl-
ing, on the river Forth.

He was ordained in 17G9 by the Associate Presbytery
of Stirling, with a view of going as a missionary to
America. In the late fall of 1770, Revs. John Smith and
John Rogers were appointed missionaries to America and
sailed for their new home, arriving late in the winter.
They attended a meeting of the Presbytery at Pequea, Pa.,
June 4, 1771, and became members of it.

The Associate Church of North America began in 1750,
when the first application was made for preaching, 13 years
after the secession from the Church of Scotland. Another
application was made in 1770, which led to the appoint-
ment of Revs. Smith and Rogers.

Before the close of tlie year 1771, Rev. Smith received a
call to preach from Guinston, York county. Pa., and Middle
Octoraro, Lancaster county, Pa., and accepted the latter,
being installed May 6, 1772, adding Oxford to his charge
March 19, 1783. After the Union, the Covenanter Church

80 REV. JOHN SMITH FAMILY.

of Octoraro was also added to his church. He remained
here until 1794. The congregations grew rapidly, so much
so that on May 20, 1776, the Presbytery was divided into
those of New York and Pennsylvania, Rev. smith being a
member of the latter, in which all his work was done.

In 1774 the Reformed Presbytery was constituted in
Pennsylvania, and in 1777 a plan of union was proposed
between the Associate (Seceders) Presbytery of Pennsyl-
vania, and the Reformed (Covenanters) Presbyteiy of Penn-
sylvania, to be called the Associate Reformed Presbytery.
The agitation was kept up, and in April 1781, Revs. John
Smith and William Marshall were appointed a committee,
to draw up an ultimatum upon which the Associate Church
would enter the communion of the Reformed Pi-esbytery,
which was unanimously adopted by the Associate Pres-
bytery, but was rejected by the Reformed Presbytery.

Another meeting was held November 29, 1781, in the
report of which it is said, that "Mr. Smith, who was a man
highly gifted, especially as a public speaker, directed all his
efforts to secure a majority in favor of the Union." It was
again brought up June lo, 1782, before the Associate Pres-
bytery, which voted for the Union, and it was completed.

The Associate Synod of Scotland August 31, 1785, con-
demned the action, and held Rev. Smith and the others
who voted for it. "to be in a state of apostasy," and the two
members not voting for it, were constituted the Associate
Presbytery of Pennsylvania. Later nearly all these minis-
ters returned to the Associate Church, Rev. Smith on
account of the statement of principles of the Associate
Reformed Presbytery not being satisfactory.

REV. JOHN SMITH. 81

He was one of the ablest advocates of the Union; and
in a report on the subject of Psalmody, adopted by the
Associate Reformed Synod of America in 1838, he is called
"One of the fathers of the Associate Reformed Church."

In the trying and stirring days of the Revolution, the
ministers of these churches were in earnest and active
sympathy with the Colonists, some of them being chaplains
in the army.

Rev. John Smith w'as settled at Octoraro most of the
time he was in eastern Pennsylvania, but by request was
one of the tirst preachers in Washington county, Pa. Rev.
.John McMillan, D. D., was the earliest Presbyterian
minister settled in the county, first visiting it in 1775, and
was located permanently as pastor of the Chartiers and
Pigeon creek churches in 1778.

Rev. Tliaddeus Dodd became pastor of Ten Mile Pres-
byterian church in 1777, and Rev. Joseph Smith, of Cross
creek and Buffalo churches in 1779. The Peters creek
Baptist Church was constituted November 10, 1773, Rev.
John Whitteker pastor.

In 1773 members of the Associate Church in Peters
township made application to the Presbytery of Pennsyl-
vania, for preaching, and in answer to their prayers, Revs.
John Smith and John Rogers visited them, but did not
organize a church, that being done by Rev. Matthew Hen-
derson in 1778, who first visited the section in 1775. Revs.
Smith and Rogers were probably the first members of the
Presbyterian faith to preach in the county, if not the first
of any church.

Upon the death of Rev. Matthew Henderson in October

82 REV. JOHN SMITH FAMILY.

1705. pastor of the Chartiers Associate Church, Canonsburg,
Pa., Rev. Smith was called, and became its pastor Novem-
ber 15, 179G, remaining as snch until January 21, 1802. He
was also pastor of the Peters Creek Associate Church at
the same time. It was said of him while pastor here, that
he was "A man of superior intellectual ix)wers and a very
popular speaker."

The Associate Synod of North America was constituted
at Philadelphia May 20, ISOi, of which Rev. Smith was
Moderator.

Soon after 1800. Revs. John Smith and John Anderson
were appointed to issue a warning on the evil of slave-
holding. They made a report in which they pronounced
slaveholding a moral evil, and urged the necessity of fuliy
instructing the people in reference to its nature.

December 20, 1797, while he was pastor of the Chartiers
Church, the trustees purchased 4 acres, 2 roods and 15
perches of land from John Canon, founder of Canonsburg.
for which they paid 45 pounds. One of the trustees was
Samuel Agnew, brother of Mrs. Smith, who came to Char-
tiers creek in 1780. The land was situated about one mile
southwest of Canonsburg. on which the congregation
erected their first meting house, and the remaining portion
was used as a burial place by the people of Canonsbiix'g
and vicinity, now known as "Oak Spring Cemetery."

The house was built of round logs daubed with clay,
some of the logs having been cut to give light. The seats
were of round poles laid on blocks. It had no fire place,
stove or chimney. There the congregation would sit for
two sermons, in cold winter days, without fire, and no glass

REV. JOHN SMITH. 83

in tlie windows. The church served by Rev. Smith is now
the Chartiers U. P. Church. The old log house gave way
to one built of limestone, which was succeeded by a brick
church in 1834. This was torn down in ISrtg, and the
pi'esent church edifice in Canonsburg was erected in its
place and dedicated in March 1870.

After his release here. Rev. Smith served a while in
Alexandria, Va., and after his release there he lived on a
farm near Canonsburg, where he died March 25, 1825. The
day before his death, a Chronicler says: "He attended the
fiuieral of a neighbor, Mr. Weller, and after the interment
he returned with the family to the house of the deceased.
Several other friends were present, and he delivered a vex'y
solemn and pertinent address. He remained over night,
and next morning at the breakfast table, after asking the
blessing, he reclined his head backwards and immediately
expired without a struggle or groan."

A churcli historian said of him: "In mental force, in
theological learning and in pulpit power, Mr. Smith had
few eqvials, and perhaps no supeiiors, among all the
ministers with whom he was ecclesiastically associated,
and soon after the Union of 1782, he was designated by the
Associate Reformed Synod, as a suitable person to take
oversight and instruction of its theological students." This
position he held for about ten years. Mrs. Smith died
August 2C,, 1805

CHAPTER II.

Hugh Scott Family

Rev. John Smith was married to Anne Agnew, the
granddaughter of Hugh Scott, who came from the Nortli
of IreLnnd to Pennsylvania, and settled in Chester county
about 1()70. Hugh Scott had a son Abraham, bom in
Chester county in KiTT, who had children as follows: Ann
born October 1(>9!), Samuel 1705, Rebecca December 17.
1707, Alexander 1710, Grace, Hugh 1726, Josiah 1735, two
of whom Hugh and .Josiah, settled in Washington county,
Pennsylvania.

Rebecca became the second wife of James Agnew in
1737, and had nine children: Samuel born January 29, 1738,
Martha born September 9, 1740, James born May 1, 1742,
David born July 17, 1743, Margaret born August 27, 1745,
Rebecca born May 3, 1747, Sarah born May 15, 1749,
Abraham l)orn December 23, 17.50,\Anue born October_3,
1753, two of whom, Samuel and Anne, became residents of
Washington county. Pa.

Hugh Scott settled in Nottingham township. Washing-
ton county. Pa., in 1773. He was one of the five elders of
the Pigeon Creek Presbyterian church, organized by Rev.

HUGH SCOTT FAMILY. 85

Dr. Jolm McMillan November 1776, the oldest Presbyterian
cliurch in the county. He was one of the five trustees
appointed to divide the county into townships, and to pur-
chase ground for a public building for the county; was in
the first grand jury panel October 2, 1781; was elected a
member of the Council of Censors on the second Tuesday of
October 1783, and was commissioned Justice of the Peace
November S, 1788.

He was married 1754 to Jeuuett Agnew, daughter of
James Agnew by his first wife, and they had nine children.
His daughter Rebecca married George Van Emau, of Wash-
ington county. Pa., in 177G, and their daughter Rebecca
married Hon. Joseph Lawrence, of the same county, from
whom descended Hon. George V. Lawrence and the other
members of the well known Lawrence family of western
Pennsylvania, so prominent in political councils. Mr.
Scott died in 1819.

Josiah Scott married Violet Foster in 17G0. They
settled in what is now South Strabane township, Washing-
ton county. Pa., in 1773. They had twelve children. Their
son Alexander married Rachel, and their son Rev. Abraham
married Rebecca, daughters of .John McDowell of North
Strabane township.

Mr. McDowell came to the county in 1773. His wife
was a sister of David Bradford, one of the most prominent
leaders in the Whiskey Insurrection. Mr. McDowell was
one of the first commissioners of Washington county in
1781, was a member of the legislature and associate judge
of the county.

Rev. Dr. McMillan preached his first sermon in the

86 REV. JOHN SMITH FAMILY.

county in the log house of Mr. McDowell. In the diary of
Dr. McMillan, he says: '"1775, the fourth Sabbath of August,
preached at John McDowell's (Chartiers Church). Monday
rode aoout six miles to Patrick McCullough's on Pigeon
creek, Tuesday preached at Arthur Forbes' (the first sermon
in the bounds of the Pigeon creek Presbyterian Church) and
lodged with Pati-ick Scott."

John Scott, son of Josiah, married Isabella, daughter of
Isaac Vance, who settled in what became Somerset town-
ship about 1770; and Mary, daughter of Josiah, married
William Cotton, and Betsy, Robert Stephenson, of two of
the early pioneer families of the county. Mr. Scott and
wife died of cholera in 1819.

From these two brothers have come many of the promi-
nent Scotts of western. Pennsylvania and Ohio, and other
connections of different names, who have held high and
Important positions in the professions and politics.

Samuel Agnew, sou of James and Rebec<?a Scott
Agnew, and nephew of Hugh and Josiah Scott, was married
to Elizabeth .Johnston and settled in Chartiers township,
Washington county. Pa., in 1780. He became the owner of
two tracts of land, one called "Nantucket" of 403 acres, and
one called "Strabane" of 321 acres. Some of his descend-
ants yet live on the latter and in other parts of the county.

Mr. Agnew was Justice of the Peace, and represented
the county in the legislature in 1802-3-4 and 5. He was
an elder- and trustee in the Chartiers Associate church.
The Agnews traced their lineage to the Normau invaders of
England through residents of Scotland and the North of
Ireland.

HUGH SCOTT FAMILY 87

Anne Agnew was the youngest child oi James and
Rebecca Scott Agnew, sister of Samuel Agnew and niece
of Hugh and Josiah Scott, and was maiTied to Rev. John
Smith May 12, 1772.

They had nine children as follows:

I. David Smith, boi-n February 27, 1773.

II. Rebecca Smith, born March 20, 1775.
ili. Ann Smith, born September 23, 1778.

IV. Murray Smith, born April 23, 1782.

V. James Agnew Smith, born September 3, 1787.

VI. Harriet Smith, born June 28, 1789.

VII. Julia Anna Smith, born August 16, 1791.

VIII. Samuel Smith, born ,Jauuai-y 2, 1794.

IX. John Hunter Smith, born December 4, 1794.

Of these children no record has been found except Anne
and James Agnew. Dr. John Hunter Smith is known to
have married and had children, and he practiced medicine
for some years near Canonsburg, Pa., but no descendants
of his are known to be living.

CHAPTER III.

Smith-White Family.

Aniie Smith was married to David White, a resident
of Hanover township, Washington county, Pa.

Mr. White's ancestors came from eastern Pennsylvania
in 1773, and located some lands in Washington county. In
later years the family had a large store near Paris in that
county, and were people of influence. The following chil-
dren were born to David and Anne Smith W^hite:

I. Anne White married Dr. Hugh CaldAvell, one of
whose daughters married Dr. Jones, and another Dr. Craw-
ford, and live in western Ohio.

II. Mary Gordon White married John Agnew. Chil-
dren: Rebecca A., Washington F., .John Smith, David
AVhite, Maria Jane, James R., Wallace Gordon. The latter
two were soldiers in the Civil War, the latter serving in the
Third Iowa Infantry, and lost an arm at the battle of
Shiloh.

III. Harriet White married John Nicholson in 1833,
and had the following children:

1. Rebecca married James McDonald and had two
children, Harry and Minnie Brigham.

SMITH- WHITE FAMILY. 89

2. David married Jacintha Hanna. Children: David,
Anna, Mrs. Cornelia Wlieelock, Mrs. Fannie McNutt, Lulu
and Claude.

8. John married Mary Gilbert and had three children.
Lucy the only one living, who married Henry Seymour.

4. Murray lives in Harlem, Montana.

5. Wilkie, 6, Catherine deceased.

7. Julia married James Hood. Children: William and
Mrs. Lettie Harris.

8. James lives in Barry, Illinois.

9. Smith married Orena Johnson. Children: Edith,
John, Emma, Harriet and Claude.

10. Emmaretta married John Haselwood. Children:
Mrs. Nellie Baker, Daniel, Lucy, and Gertrude died young.

11. Charles was married and has two children, Charles
and Harry.

12. Nevada married B. F. Nance. Children; Cora,
Frank, Maud, Ira. Cora married Jack Monahan.

IV. Julia Ann White married John McElroy in 1831.
He was born near Belfast, Ireland, in 1807, came to this
country in 1819, and settled first in Baltimore and after-
ward in Washington county, Pa. He moved from there in
1839 to Rural Valley, Pa., where he engaged in general mer-
chandising. He was long an active and efficient elder in
the Presbyterian church, a man highly esteemed for his
upright Christian character and intelligence. He moved to
Clayton, 111., in 1869, where he died in 1879, his wife dying
at Keokuk, la., in 1890. They had children as follows:

John, Rebecca, Elizabeth C, William M. died while
young.

90 REV. JOHN SMITH FAMILY.

1. Martha A. McElroy born November 11, 1833, married
Henry Trollcuger 1863. Children:

i. Annie married Rol)eri McParland, no children.

ii. Robert married Miss McKelvey and had two
children.

ill. Mary. iv. John, v. Margaret.

vi. Rebecca married Thos. B. Gradeu, Vandergrift, Pa.,
clerk in the shipping department of the Apollo Sheet Steel
Co. The others lived at Rural Valley, Pa.

2. David White McElroy born March 1, 1842. married
Mary Baile.v in 1872. He enlisted August 27, 1861, in Co. A,
78th Pa. Infantry and served until November 4, 1864; was
in the battles of Stone River, where he was wounded in his
right leg, Chickamauga, New Hope Church, and about 20
minor engagements. He was a true soldier for his country
and suffered much in its defense and protection. He is an
active member of Torrence Post No. 2. G. A. R., of Iowa,
served the post as adjutant three years, commander two
years, and was Assistant Adjutant General Department of
Iowa 1897-8. He Avas a delegate to the National Encamp-
ment Pittsburg in 1894, St. Paul 1896, Buffalo 1897, and
Cincinnati delegate at large in 1898. He moved from Penn-
sylvania in 186(>. and located in KeokuK. la., where he has
been in the foundry and machine shop business since 1869.
Tliey have the following children:

i. Mary, ii. Nannie, iii. Cora Belle died young,
iv. John Alexander bpi-n March 31, 1875, is in business
in Chicago.

V. Nellie Margaretta born September 7, 1879, married

SMITH -WHITE FAMILY. 91

Henry Rix Collisson 1898, who is in business in Keokuk,
la. Children: Sidney Dial and David McElroy.

vi. David White born June 5, 1888.

3. Robert Murray McElroy born March 28, 1846, served
in the Fifth Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery from September
1SH4 to July 1865. He contracted disease in the service and
died May 4, 1866.

4. John Alexander McElroy born June 30, 1848, mar-
ried Lily W. Jones, Canton, Mo., June 6, 1880. Children:
John Harrison, David White, Julia Anna, Robert Lee.
Mr. McElroy went to Missouri in 1869, and moved to
Keokuk, la., in 1890, where he is in business. He served
in the Fifth Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery from September
18(i4 to July 186.5.

V. Murray A. White married Margaret G. Smith. See
sketch in Smith-Wallace family.

VI. John White died single.

VII. David White married Mary B. Crane, youngest
daughter of Rev. Simeon H. Crane, Presbyterian minister
at Lexington, Ky., March 27, 1849. Children; Simeon
Harrison born August 3, 1850, Harriet McCullough born
September 18, 1852,Anna Burrows born November 18, 1854,
David McCullough born January 1, 1857, and Frederick
Crumbaugh White born July 13, 1860.

VIII. Rebecca married Rev. James Brown, of Alyth,
Scotland, no children. Rev. Brown by his first marriage to
Miss Nancy T. Anderson, had 5 daughters, 3 dying young.

1. Isabella marrieti Isaiah G. Moore and had 4 children,
one living, Annie, a teacher in the Indian School, Carlisle,
Pa.

92 REV. JOHN SMITH FAMILY.

2. Eliza J. married Dr. O. B. Given, pliysician at the
Indian Scliool, Oarisle, Pa., and had children, James and
John.

IX. Jane married Nathaniel McCrea. Children: Anne,
John Pressley, David W., William E., Cora and Walter.
Cora married N. Messer, of Keokuk, la., and they now live
in California. Children: Edith and Donald.

CHAPTER IV.

Smith-Wallace Family.

James Agnew Smith married Martha Wallace, daugh-
ter of Col. William Wallace, of Somerset township, Septem-
ber 7, 1809. The ceremOuy was performed by Rev. Boyd
Mercer, second pastor of the Pigeon Creek Presbyterian
church, organized in 1775. He was called by this church
April 22, 1794.

Mr. Smith w^as educated for the ministry of the U. P.
church, but followed the profession of teaching for a num-
ber of years in the district schools. For some time he was
a merchant in Williamsport, and later lived for three years
on a farm in Union township.

After that he moved to Greenfield, where he was in
business for a while. He was a man greatly beloved
because of his high character and practical piety. He was
quiet and reserved, doing his duty faithfully as it was pre-
sented to him. He died in 1860 at the home of his daugh-
ter, Margaret G. White, his wife having died July 26, 1855.
They had the following children:

1. Elizabeth Wallace Smith born July 31, 1810, un-
married. She was a noble Christian woman, a member of

94 REV. JOHN SMITH FAMILY.

the M. E. cliurch, and enjoyed the love of all who met and
knew her.

Some years after the death of her sister, Eleanor, wife
of Francis Reader, she became an inmate of that family,
and took the place of a mother in helpinc; to rear the
children of her sister. There she remained until the chil-
dren married and made homes of their own. and then
became a member of the family of Eleanor M. Hertzog, the
youngest child of Francis Reader where she died. These
children always recognized the devotion and care of their
aunt with gratitude.

II. Margaret Greer Smith born August 17, 1813, mar-
ried Murray A. White, son of David and Anne Smith White,
November 17. 1831. Mr. White was a prominent business
man in Allegheny, la., for several years, engaged as cabinet
maker and undertaker, and was afterward in the coal busi-
ness, later removing to California Pa., where he died July
1, 1871, and his wife died Januaiy 10, 1890. They were
consistent members of the M. E. church. They had the
following children :

1. David, .John Hunter, Julia Bell and Charles Murray
died in infancy.

2. Anna Martha married Smith C. Fry, and had two
children, Herbert who died in infancy, and Anna Margaret.
Mr. Fry is the grandson of Abraham and Hester Fry, who
came from New Jersey to Fallowfield township, Washing-
ton county. Pa., about the time of the Revolution. They
had 10 children, of whom Thomas married Anna West,
daughter of Samuel and Eunice West, of the same town-
ship, and they had 12 children. Smith C. Fry being next to

SMITH -WALLACE FAMILY. 95

the youugest. Smith and his wife moved to Woodford
county, 111., in December 18G(J, and engaged in farming, and
in December 1899 moved to Sloan, Iowa.

3. James A. S. White was nearly all his life a river-
man. He was mate of several boats on the Monongahela
river, and afterwax'd was on the locks, the later years of his
life being in the employ of the U. S. Government at Lock
No. 1, Pittsburg, Pa. His services were always held in high
esteem, and he was a valuable and reliable man wherever
called to work.

At the breaking out of the Civil War, he enlisted April
25, 1801, in Capt. Cooper's Co. G. 12th Pa., Monongahela
City, Pa., for the 3 months service, and afterwards became
a member of Co. D. 22nd Pa. Cavalry, one of the famous
"Ringgold Battalion," in which he served for 3 years,
making a service of 3 years and 3 months.

He was a faithful soldier, always ready for duty, and
always in active, service, possessing a genial, happy disposi-
tion, which made him a universal favorite among his com-
rades. There was no gloom when "Dixie," as the boys
called him, was about, but good nature and innocent fun
on his part, routed the blues and homesickness.

Upon his return home he entered upon a life of unselfish
devotion to his parents and family, and upon the death of
tl'.e former, he and his brother and sister Hannah, formed
a family that was unbroken until his death. They were
all active and zealous members of the M. E. church, and
true servants of their Divine Master. James was a promi-
nent Odd Fellow, and a member of Post 3, Grand Army
of the Republic, of Pittsburg. He was a noble man, as

96 REV. JOHN SMITH FAMILY.

true as character can make a good man, and one who
deserves honor at the hands of the country he served so
well. He died July 29, 1900.

4. Hannah Morrison lives in Pittsburg, Pa.

5. Murray Agnevp lives in Pittsburg, Pa.

III. Julia Ann R. Smith born August 22, 1815, married
Jolm H. Storer December 26, 1845. Mr. Storer was a mem-
ber of one of the old Nottingham township families, his
mother being a daughter of John Holcroft. They were a
family of high character, and ability, some of their descend-
ants having achieved considerable prominence in the pro-
fessions and in business. They had two children:

1. Martha Pocahontas Storer, who married James
Scott, making their home in Omaha, Neb. Their children
were Julia Ann, John and Charles.

2. Kate Storer, who also married, but no record is
known of the family.

IV. Eleanor Bentley Smith born October 14, 1817, mar-
ried Francis Reader. See sketch under head of Reader
family.

V. Frances Bentley Smith born July 24, 1820, married
Dr. Joseph R. Crouch April 29, 1845. Dr. Crouch was born
November 5, 1816, was an elder in Glade Run Presbyterian
church, and physician at the Soldiers' Orphan School, Day-
ton, Armstong county, Pa. He was a man of high character
and eminent in his profession. He died October 7, 1882,
and Mrs. Crouch died April '6, 1901. They had five children,
three dying in infancy.

1. Wallace Hunter Crouch born March 17, 1854, mar-
ried Miss Madge Beck September 17, 1885. They have no

SMITH -WALLACE FAMILY. 97

childreu. Mrs. Crouch is the daughter of Frederick Beck
born in Germany March 12, 1823, and Savilla S. Beck born
in Kittanning, Fa., November 24, 1830. Mr. Crouch is a
druggist, now residing at Ford City, P>a.

2. Daniel Ogden Crouch born July 15, 1856, married
Miss Missouri Goodheart August 8, 1876. Her father, Dr.
George Goodheart, was born in Centre county, Pa., and
settled in Dayton, Pa., in 1848. He was the founder of
Dayton Union Academy, and died October 5, 1852, his wife,
Eliza Goodheart, dying March 23, 1900.

Mr. and Mrs. Crouch live at Ford City, Pa., and have
the following children: Freta Vigne born August 2, 1877,
Frances Elizabeth born July 24, 1879, Florida Bernice born
January 31, 1882, Frank Wallace and Fern Dell born
February 5, 1885, Laura born May 15, 1888, Joseph Ram-
sey born January 8, 1891, George Preston born May 26, 1893,
Ruth Margaret born December 30, 1897.

VI. William Wallace Smith born July 22, 1822, died
July 1, 1825.

VII. Charles BoUman Smith was born March 5, 1825,
and died September 10, 1897. He married Mary Samuels
March 20, 1848, and had the following children:

1. James Agnew Smith, railroad carpenter, Conuells-
ville, Pa., married Lizzie Grey. Children: Charles, Bessie,
Mary, Kate and Julia.

2. Kate Elizabeth Smith, Duquesne, Pa., married Wil-
liam Conlin, who died April 9, 1896. Children: Sarah A.,
graduate California, Pa., Normal School, Mary L., Joseph,
Charles and Hazel.

3. John Wallace Smith in the National Rolling Mill,

98 REV. JOHN SMITH FAMILY..

McKeespoi't, Pa., married Carrie Smith. Cliildreu: Mary,
Kate, Edith and Charles, all dying in infancy except
Charles.

6. Margaret, not married.

Martha Wallace and George Bentley Smith died in
infancy.

VIII. Rebecca Hibelia Smith born October 26, 1827,
married Gad H. Tower April 19, 1849, and had the following
children:

1. Ada May Tower married Daniel Cable and had one
son Gustiue Cable.

2. William Tower.

3. Harry Tower.
Birdie died in infancy.

Mr. Tower was the son of Edward Tower, a prominent
teacher in the Monongahela Valley in the early part of the
19th century, a native of Pennsylvania, who married
Martha Cook, granddaughter of Col. Edward Cook, of
Fayette county, one of the most prominent men in the
Revolutionary period in the history of the valley.

IX. William Hunter Smith born March 24, 1830.

X. Martha Anne Smith born May 23, 1833, married
John S. Stanger. They moved to Illinois, thence to Denver,
Col., where Mr. Stanger was editor and proprietor of the
"Colorado Farmer," agriculturist and State Senator. He
served in the Civil War in the 100th Pa. (Roundhead) regi-
ment, for three years. Their children were: Lillian Stan-
ger, married George Trevette, and had children Mary, Lily
and Lucille: Frederick, Anna. Newton.

lY.

The Reader Family,

I 0 r ,'^

CHAPTER I.

The Reader Family.

The earliest record we have of the Readers, is through
Thomas Palmer, whose family owned the Ravenshaw
estate near Solihull, Warwickshire, England. Here Wil-
liam Palmer, second son of Thomas, was born in November
1691. He married Elizabeth Knight, of Ipsley, same
county, in 1717. They had eight children, of whom three
were married as follows:

I. Mary born in 1719, married Samuel Reader, Jr., who
had no children.

II. Martha bom 1732, married Rev. James Kettle, who
was pastor for forty years of the Dissenting Congregation,
High, street, Warwick. He died at Warwick April 13, 1800,
and his wife died at Goventiy April 9, 1814, both being
buried in Alderminster church near Stratford-on-Avon.
They had no children.

III. Elizabeth born 1721, became the second wife of
Samuel Reader, Sr., of Tanworth, father of the Samuel
Reader by his first wife, who married Mary Palmer. They
moved to Honily, in Warwickshire, where they had seven
children, two of whom were married, as follows:

102 THE READER FAMILY.

1. Hannah born February 1758, married John William-
son, of Coventry, who was a builder and contractor of that
city, and later became a magistrate and its Mayor. They
had five children.

William born November 1752, married Mary White, of
High Cross, Rowington, in 1782. Mary White was the
daughter of Elizabeth Nason and Joseph White, who were
married August 17, 1746. Elizabeth Nason was the daugh-
ter of Thomas Nason and Elizabeth Wberritt, who were
married October 15, 1715, at St. Mary's Church, Warwick.
All lived at Rowington in Warwickshire.

In 1784 William Reader and family moved from Row-
ington to Honily, which lies about three miles west of
Kenilworth, and about five miles northwest of Warwick.
The Ravenshaw estate at Solihull, is about fifteen miles
west of Kenilworth. The descendants of these families
wei'e to be found in Warwick, Coventi-y, Kenilworth,
Honily, Wraxall, Birmingham, Stratford-on-Avon, etc.

William Reader determined to go to America, and sold
his farming stock by auction at Honily on Monday and
Tuesday March 12 and 1?., 1804. He took with him to his
new home all his family except his eldest son, William.

They left Liverpool, England, June 11, 1804, on the
American ship "Washington," and reached Philadelphia,
Pa,. August 15, after a voyage of 65 days, part of which
was very stormy and dangerous.

The family remained in the neighborhood of Philadel-
phia for some weeks, and while here Mr. Reader wrote a
very interesting letter to his son William about the people
in that section, which is worthy of preseiwation, as show-

WILLIAM READER. 103

ing the impressions our coutttiT made on the minds of these
English people.

He said in part: "The people here live comfortable and
happy, and every person is well dressed and fed. I have
not seen a beggar or person of miserable appearance, such
as your unhappy country abounds with. There is not the
haughty ways in the rich, nor miserable servility in the
poor, but all converse on an equality; and the working peo-
ple are much better informed, and speak better language,
than in England. Every one here let his profession be
what it will, may support a family, however numerous,
with credit and decency, and lay up something for a rainy
day. What a striking contrast between this and England!
There it has cost me many a bitter heartache to see a man
covered with rags, slaving for a scanty pittance of bread
and water, to support a miserable family, without the least
prospect of being relieved from it for the remainder of his
life."

In the fall he bought a wagon and ^ome horses and
started for Pittsburg, undergoing the hardships incident to
the traveling of that day over the mountains, and through
the wilderness evei-y where, but reaching the goal of his
long journey happy in the thought of founding a home of
his own, and for his children, among the people of the free
and promising new country. From this point, then a mere
village, he made inquiries for land, and traveled many
miles in different directions, to find a site for a home.

Among the other places he visited was the "Forks of the
Beaver," at the junction of the Mahoning and Shenango
rivers in Lawrence county. Pa., where the old Indian town

104 THE READER FAMILY.

of Kuskuskee ouce stood, passing along the old Indian trail
up the Beaver, through the present town of New Brighton,
and the now prosperous valley of the Beaver, then almost
a continuous wilderness, with but few homes of white men.

Here he found a 'new settlement,' of which he says:
"We found the people vei-y iX)or, lived in worse huts than
we ever saw and very few of the conveniences of life about
them. Their chief employment is hunting. They will take
a rifle on their shoulders and be out in the woods for
several days and nights together hunting deer and wild
beasts. When the place begins to grow they sell the
improvements and go back, and people who are more
industrious and civilized fill up their places." He remained
there eight days and then returned to Pittsburg, not caring
to settle among so migratory and uncivilized a people.

After returning to Pittsburg, he looked at several
improved plantations, and finally selected one on the
Monongahela river, in Nottingham township, Washington
county. Pa. It contained over 200 acres, for which he was
to pay eight dollars per acre. He entered into an article of
agreement February 1, 1805, to purchase it.

He described its improvements in a letter to his sou, as
'a new house which cost $1,000, a bai'u, stable and some
other outbuildings, and a whiskey distilleiy, which proved
the ruin of the family (that once owned it and built the
distillery) for they all but two died by the love of it.' He
located the plantation as "fifteen miles from Pittsburg, 15
from Washington, and 19 from Redstone, all market towns.
It is about three miles above Elizabeth on the opposite side
and al)out a mile from the river. It is a very thickly

WILLIAM READER. 105

settled part of the country, there are four corn mills within
two miles of it, a saw mill, a Presbyterian meeting house,
twelve stills for whiskey, a tanyard, a porter brewery, and
what I prize as much as any of them, a very good school
within half a mile of the house. We have two Englishmen
for next neig'hboi's, one Wm. Castleman and wife, and the
other .John Holcroft from Lancashire, Eng., who came to
this country before the Revolution."

.John Holcroft was a prominent figure in the Whiskey
Insurrection, and was at one time reputed to be the notori-
ous "Tom the Tinker" of that period, which was afterwards
found to be incorrect. Mr. Reader liad great faith in Mr.
Holcroft, and turned to him as the adviser of his family in
his property interests, while he made a business ti'ip to his
old home in England. From that time the two families
Avere close friends, and intermarriages occurred among
their descendants. Mr. Reader died in 1808, and the prop-
erty was deeded to his widow, Mary Reader, and their
children, May 27, 181L

William and Mary White Reader had the following chil-
dren :

I. William Reader born at Rowington, December 28,
1782, was a printer at Coventiy and London, and editor of
the "Coventi-y Mercury" for several years. He was
educated at Warwick. He married Elizabeth Hadley, of
Coventry, May 0, 1815, and had four children: William born
September IG. 1810, Harriet born February 10, 1818, Eliza-
beth born March 4, 1821, and Charles born February 23,
1824. William Reader remained in England, when his
father moved to the United States.

CHAPTER 11.

Reader-Wallace.

II. Elizabeth Reader was born at Kowington, Eng-
land, April 18, 1784, and married Robert Wallace March 17,
1807. He was the son of John Wallace, who was born in
Connty Antrim, Ireland, about 1750, and came to this coun-
try about 1772-73. In 1778 he married Mary Alexander,
probably of Cumberland county, Pa., and about the close
of the Revolutionary war they moved to western Pennsyl-
vania, and settled on Peters Creek, near the line between
Washington and Allegheny counties. They had eight chil-
dren, two of whom, Robert and William, married two of
the daughters of William Reader. They had a large
amount of land in what is now Butler and Lawrence coun-
ties.

Robert Wallace was born in Nottingham township in
1782. After his marriage, they remained in Washington
county two years and then moved to his property in Slip-
pery Rock where they lived until 1827, and then settled on
his property in Lawrence county, where be died February
12, 1847. He was a soldier of the war of 1812.

READER-WALLACE. 107

Robert and Elizabeth Wallace, bad tbe following chil-
dren :

W. R., Martha and John died in infancy.

1. Mary Wallace box'n October 10, 1809, married
Andrew Robinson, who had one daughter, Sarah, wife of
Silas Stevenson, M. D., Elwood, Pa.

2. Harriet Wallace born February 17, 1811, married
John Leeper, who had children as follows: John, William,
Henry R., Edward, and Mrs. Eliza Ken*.

3. William Reader Wallace born October 29, 1812, mar-
ried Isabella McCracken, of Londonderry, Ireland, January
16, 1836, to whom were born:

i. Robert Wallace bom July 2, 1837, married Sarah
Young November 2, 1859, their children being Mrs. Jane
Wallace OfEutt born August 19, 1800, William R. born April
26, 1863, died April 15, 18(!4, Isabella born March 7, 1865,
D. G. born July 24, 1867, married Alsepha Morrison, W. W.
born September 15, 1869, Elizabeth G. born January 27,
1872, Robert B. born January 7, 1874, died May 9, 1875,
Frank H. born September 19, 1876.

ii. Jacob Wallace born May 28, 1839, married Anna
Biirk July 4, 1874. Children: Robert born September 4,
1875, Mary E. born February 16, 1878. He was in the 100th
Pennsylvania regiment during the Civil War.

iii. William Wallace born April 28, 1842, married
Amanda Wigton August 27, 1864. Children: Dr. Charles
Reader born October 13, 1866, Wilbert born May 2, 1865,
Anne Belle born October 20, 1871. He was in the 134th
Pennsylvania regiment in the Civil War.

iv. John Wallace born May 8, 1846, married Nancy Gil-

108 THE READER FAMILY.

more January 8, 1870. Cliildren: Mrs. Elizabeth R. Coyne
born May 3, 1870, Harry G. born October 14, 1872, Mary
Belle born February 20, 1874. died .June 25, 1874, Annie Isa-
bella born June 30, 187G.

V. (Teorge McC. Wallace born September 18, 1848, mar-
ried Nancy I. Rankin February 23, 1875. Children: Sarah
A. born December 11, 1875, Elizabeth I. born September
12, 1877, Thomas G. born September 22, 1879, Mary E. born
February 2. 1882, Viola O. born October 9, 1883, Wm. R.
born August 2, 1880, Maud M. born December 23. 1890.

vi. Mary E. Wallace born January 8, 1852, married
Georg-e Thompson January 8, 1882. Children: Jane W.
born January 11, 1880, Wesley W. born June 27, 1889, Anna
Belle born December 15. 1890.

4. Elizabeth Wallace born April 4. 1814, married Jacob
McCracken. Children:

i. George W. McCracken born January 30, 1838, mar-
ried Mary E. McCready. no children. In May 1801. Mr.
McCracken enlisted as a private in the Tenth Pennsylvania
Reserves, and was mustered out as adjutant June 11. 1804.
He received the appointment of Lieutenant Colonel of the
191st Pennsylvania regiment June 1804, and vs'as discharged
on account of wounds received at Cold Harbor. He was
a civil engineer by profession, and was for many years
editor of the LaAvrence Guardian, New Castle, Pa.

ii. Elizabeth McCracken born May 15, 1839.
iii. Jacob W. McCracken born February 2, 1841, served
in the Sixth Pennsylvania Artillery 1864-65.

iv. Robert W. McCracken born May 31, 1843, married
Matilda J. Ellis. He was in the Civil War and was
wounded at Spottsylvania.

READER-WALLACE. 109

V. Isabelle V. McCracken born August 17, 1845, married
William C. Stewart.

vi. Mary Jane McCracken born March 1, 1848, married
David W. Stewart.

vii. Sarah M. McCracken born May 9, 1850.

viii. William F. McCracken born February 21, 1853,
married Catherine Peebles.

ix. Rosanna H. McCracken born October 22, 1855.

X. Margaret A. McCracken born September 19, 1858.

5. Sarah Wallace born April 23, 1816, married Rev.
John McComb. Children: Robert W. Mrs. Elizabeth Holli-
day, William R., Mrs. Sarah Uber. Mrs. Mary A. Uber, Mx*s.
Annie Dennison, John W.

6. Robert Wallace born August 18. 1818, married Anna
Maria Pence January 15, 1846. Children:

i. Catherine born February 19. 1848, married Morris
B. Robinson, M. D., who had children: Mrs. Anna Belle
Hezlep. Francis Robinson.

ii. Elizabeth born August 25, 1851, married J. G.
Mitcheltree.

iii. Samuel born August 5, 1853.

iv. Robert S. born April 6, 1856, married Mary Mitchel-
tree. Children: Pearl, Jane, Anna M., Ida Elmira.

V. William H. born December 5, 1859.

vi. Anna Jane boni December 7. 1862, married D. M.
Hoffmastei'.

vii. James G. born September 23, 1865.

7. Jane born March 24, 1826, marx-ied Mr. Cooper.

III. Harriet Reader born at Honily, September 3, 1185,
where the family moved in 1784. She never married.

110 THE READER FAMILY.

VI. Martha Reader born January 20, 1790, unmarried.

VII. Mai-y Reader born January 28, 1792, was married
in 1817 to William Wallace, born August 26, 1794, who was
a brother of Robert Wallace who married Elizabeth Reader.
Children:

1. Harriet Reader Wallace born March 1.5, 1818.

2. Maria W. Wallace born. February 13, 1819, married
Thomas Liston and had two children, Margaret and
Angeline.

3. Louisa Wallace born August 26, 1820.

4. Sarah Wallace born May 18, 1822, mairied Mr.
Bisohoff.

5. Henry Reader Wallace born February 17, 1824, mar-
ried Catherine Grant August 24, 1859. Children: Elizabeth,
Francis Reader married Joan Giles November 1892, Edward
Price, Henry Seymour, Joseph Peter.

6. Francis Reader Wallace born January 28, 1826, mar-
ried Anne Grant in 1864. Children: William H., Anna
Maria, Francis Marion, Elizabeth C, Daisy, Leila Ada.

7. Edwin M. Wallace born February 28, 1828, married
Jane Wilson 1869. Children: Lena, and two died in infancy.

8. Charles Reader Wallace born June 25, 1880, mar-
ried Elizabeth Rhodes 1861.

9. Mary Jane Wallace born August 26, 1835, died
January 10, 1842.

VIII. Henry Reader born January 28, 1792, died Sep-
tember 25, 1796.

IX. Sarah Reader born January 26, 1795, died October
21, 1796.

CHAPTER IV.

James-Charles Reader.

IV. James Reader born February 27, 1787, was mar-
ried to Sarah Daily August G, 1812, by George Beutley, Esq.
Slie was a resident of Nottingham township, whose ances-
tors came to the county as early as 1773, and were promi-
nent among the early settlers of that section. Their chil-
dren were:

1. William Reader born .Tune 15, 1813, died June 18,
1813.

2. Eliza Reader born February 4, 1815, died August
23, 1830.

3. William Reader born July 23, 1816, was married
and had four children, James, Martha, Mary, Sarah.

4. Mary Reader born August 5, 1815, married Absalom
Bentley, of one of the old families of the county. They
had three children, Sarah Jane, Josephine, Rachel.

5. Julia Reader born January 16, 1821.

6. Jemima Reader born July 16, 1822, died August 27,
1830.

7. James Reader born September 9, 1824.

8. Sarah Reader born August 12, 1826, died January
1, 1827.

112 THE READER FAMILY.

9. Charles B. Reader born December 10, 1827, was
x'eared by his uucle, Charles Reader, of Indiana. He mar-
ried Elizabeth Gillam December 25, 1849, and had the
following children:

i. William H. Reader, physican New Amsterdam, Ind.,
born November 4, 1850, married Kate Wilson and had two
children, Georgia and James. He again married. Lucy
Dawson, and had five children, Maud, William, Benjamin,
Katherine, Dudley.

ii. Sarah E. Reader born March 2, 1853, married Wil-
liam Rippardan February 9, 1873, and had one child, Zaida
born January 9, 1880. died April 4, 1882.

iii. Martha Jane Reader born June 13, 1861, married
Charles W. Thomas, engineer, May 3, 1891, and had chil-
dren, Elizabeth R. and Sarah F.

10. Henry Reader born April 14, 1830, moved to Ken-
tucky.

The family lived below West Elizabeth, Pa., where
James Reader died October 13, 1830.

V. Charles Reader was born July 1, 1788, and mar-
ried Sarah Applegate, of Washington county. Pa., July
1818. He went to Indiana in 181() and settled on 160 acres
of government land which he improved and lived upon
until his death November 10, 1858. He was a man of good
education, and held offices of trust for about twenty years.

Sarah Applegate was born in Washington county, Pa.,
1786, and died September 1864, the daughter of William
and Mary Applegate, pioneers of that county. They had
the following children:

1. William Reader born April 13, 1819, was a graduate

JAMES-CHARLES READER. 113

of the Indiana State University and of the Louisville, Ky.,
Medical College, and began the practice of medicine in
1842, when he married Catharine I. Heath, of Corydon, Ind.,
where he settled. Tliey had five children: Edwin H., Char-
les H., Richard H., Anna E., Laura M.

Charles married Rose Wilson and had two daughters
Sadie and Laura.

Laura married Victor J. Bulleit and had two children,
Rose K. and Sarah P.

2. Charles Reader was born September 15, 1821,
received a public school education, lived on his father's
farm which he purchased at his father's death, until 1870,
when he sold it and moved to Mauckport, Ind., where he
died in 1896, never having married.

3. Henry Reader was born August 31, 1823, in Harri-
son county, Ind., attended public school and the University
of Indiana at Bloomington, studied medicine with his
brother, William, and was a student at the Medical College
Louisville, Ky. He married Sarah A. Darter, Mauckport,
Ind., in 1849, practiced medicine there for 15 years, moved
to Marshall county. 111., in 1867, and to York, Neb., in 1883,
where he died October 28, 1895. They had children:

i. William Henry Reader born October 20, 1852,
Laconia, Ind., attended public school and Aibingdon College,
111., married Alice H. Vincent February 11, 1880. They
moved to Nebraska, settling on a farm south of York where
they remained until 1890, when he was elected county
clerk, serving for 6 years, after which he engaged in busi-
ness in York, moving in 1901 to Carthage, Mo. Their chil-
dren were: Frank Edwin born April 7, 1883, Mabel Olive

114 THE READER FAIMILY.

born May 2, 1S85, Wilton Kenney born February 14, 1890,
and Helen Vincent born. April 19, 1892. Two children died
in infancy.

ii. Lafayette Darter Reader was oorn at Mauckport.
Ind., Fel)rnary l(i, 1855. -He is unmarried and lives at
York, Neb.

iii. Minerva Darter Reader born July 9. 1857, married
Daniel N. Blood. Henry, 111., February 1<|, 187G. and moved
to a farm in York county, Neb. Cliildren:

Minerva Reader born .January 22, 1877. married .T. R.
Barnes November 20. 1895, and liave one son Harry B.
Barnes born February 19. 1897.

Mary Alice liorn August 27, 1879, married Herbert T.
Bone March 3, i900, shippng clerk for the Booth Packing
Co., Sioux Cit.v, la.

Charles Reader born May 1, 1888, and Daniel H. born
July 5, 1892.

iv. Anna Cora Reader born October 20, 1803. married
William S. Calef, Henry, 111., September 10, 1882. moved to
Nebraska in 1883, and later went to Chicago, where he is
employed by the Swift Packing Co. Children: Sewall born
April 31, 1884, Harry Reader born November 21, 1886, Elsie
Geneva born October 18. 1889, Fred Clark born June 1, 1893,
Laura Augusta born March 22, 1898.

V. Edwin Scott Reader born June 7, 1865, was train
dispatcher for a number of years on the Chicago & Alton
R. R., in Illinois, and on other roads in Nebraska. In 1899
he enlisted in the U. S. Signal corps, served 2 years in the
Philippines, was discharged October 15, 1901, and was
appointed auditor of telegraph reports and accounts for the
Philippine Islands, which he now holds.

JAMES-CHARLES READER. 115

vi. Augusta Tlirasher Reader was born at Mauckport,
Ind., August 7, 1867, is a graduate of York, Neb., high school,
and is employed as a stenographer in that place.

4. Mary Reader was born June 11, 1825, and married
Isaac Love, a prominent attorney of Corydou, Ind., where
she lived until her death in September 1852. Mr. Love was
a graduate of the Indiana State University and Law
School at Bloomington, Ind., beginning practice about 1840,
and died in 1859. Tliey had one daughter, Agnes.

5. Elizabeth Reader was born October 31, 1828, and
died in 1840.

(5. James M. Reader was born Februaxy 17, 1830, and
married Laura V. Carroll. He was a graduate of the
Indiana State University, and engaged in the dry goods
business at Mauckport, Ind., afterwards moving to New
Cambria, Mo., where he was in the grocery business. They
had three children: Walter C, Emma A., Benjamin F.

Emma A. married Daniel Sherman and had one son,
Benjamin.

James M. married a second time and had three chil-
dren, Charles, Maud, Chyler.

7. Benjamin F. Reader was born October 31, 1833, was
educated in the common schools and engaged in mer-
chandising. He married Sarah McCarty September 1860,
and they had one daughter, Jessie, who married William
Jeffries and -had four children.

8. Sarah E. Reader was born April 2, 1836. She was
educated in the seminary at Mauckport, Ind., and married
Henry Fechyeu, a merchant of that place, September 9,
1860, and had five children, Charles J., William H., Laura
M., John B., Benjamin K.

116 THE READER FAMILY.

Laura M. married Daniel Sherman, now postmaster at
Maucliport, Ind., February 28, 1883, and liad tliree chil-
dren, Lee F., Sarah E., George R.

9. Agues A. Reader born September 30, 1839, was
educated in the schools at Mauckport, and married John P.
Beard, a merchant of that place, January 11, 18G0. They
moved to York, Neb., buying a farm there, where they now
reside.

They had six children:

Cora born February 17, 1SG2, married Merrit A. Green,
in business at Rossland, B. C.

Charles R. born May 10, 1SG4, lives in York, Neb.

Jesse S. born September 25, 1807, in business in San
Francisco, Cal.

John F. born June 18, 1870. lives in York. Neb.

Maud born March 28, 1876, lives in York, Neb.

Lee O. born November 11, 1879.

CHAPTER IV.

Henry Reader-George Trumbo.

X.^ Henry Reader born October 2, 1796, married Mrs.
Margaret Kountz in, 1839. Their children were:

1. James born May 27, 1840, married Miss Miriam
Burns May 27, 1862 Children:

i. Francis Albert born February 10, 1863, was twice
married, childi-en. Earl, Emmett, Raymond.

ii. Olivia born October 6, 1866, married George Phillips,
children, Osessa Overa, Pearl Elizabeth.

iii. Charles W. born August 12, 18b9.

iv. Nellie born August 10, 1871.

V. James Melvin born March 20, 1875, married Annie
E. Brown, and has one child, Mildred Glades.

vi. Henry Wilford born August 1, 1877.

vii. Mary born August 18, 1879, married Chas. Fogle.

James Reader volunteered in the U. S. service October
16, 1862. serving as second sergeant In Co. G. 68th Penn-
sylvania Volunteers, and was discharged July 24, 1863.

2. Henry Reader born February 24, 1842, died May 14,
1865.

3. Milo E. Reader born 1844, married Miss Caroline
Knapper. Children:

118 THE READER FAMILY.-

i. William H. born May 8, 1867, married Nannie Zort-
man.

ii. Annie H. born April 3, 1870, died August 28, 1894.

iii. Martha born September 16, 1872.

iv. Margaret E. born August 5, 1875, married Elijah
Baker.

V. Carrie A. born February 26, 1878.

vi. Clara P. born June 29, 1880.

vii. Sarah born September 9, 1883, died November 13,
1883.

viii. Grace L. born November 18, 1884.

ix. Mary D. born February 2, 1892.

X. Eva A. born July 29, 1894.

4. Harriet Reader born .June 8, 1847, married A. G.
Dunlap. Children: Henry, Walter, Albert, Olive, Hallie,
Ira, Zora, Thalia, Lolo. The mother died May 24, 1898.

5. Margaret Reader born January 30, 1850, married
Daniel Stout December 13, 1871, and had one son, Theodore,
born September 1, 1873,

6. Francis Reader born September 5, 1852, died
February 14, 1855.

These families all lived in Beaver county. Fa.

XI. Francis Reader born September 23, 1798.
See sketch in later chapters.

XII. Sarah Reader born June 11, 1800, married George
Trumbo January 11, 1827.

Mr. Trumbo was born in Allegheny county. Pa., April
30, 1794, in a log house on the old plantation, part of wliich
is yet standing. He afterward built a large brick house, in
which he died June 10, 1876, Mrs. Trumbo dying July 28,

HENRY READER-GEORGE TRUMBO. 119

1876. Mr. Trilinbo was of German descent, his father, John
Trumbo, being one of the early settlers in that part of the
county adjoining- Washington county, where he owned
several plantations.

Mr. Trumbo was a soldier of the war of 1812. He and
wife were members of the English Lutheran church.

They had the following children:

1. Harriet Reader Trumbo born July 11. 1828, unmar-
ried.

2. Eliza W. Trumbo born September 2, 1830, married
John Stout June 23, 1859, and had the following children:

i. Harriet C. married Adam Forsythe, children: Charles
E., William J., Grace Clara.

ii. Charles E. married Lizzie McGowan. Children:
Cordelia, Mabel E. He was superintendent of a boatyard
at Homestead. Pa., when he died aged 32.

ill. William W. married Martha Lloyd. Children: Flor-
ence. Roy, Mereda.

iv. .Teaunette M. married Louis Roos, and had one son,
Joseph Lester.

V. f^rank Reader married Anna V. Cook. Children:
Eva, Eliza W., Jean M., Vera C. He is superintendent of a
steel works at Duquesue, Pa.

vi. Sarah E. died July 22, 1890, aged 19.

vii. George L. died December 29, 1893, aged 18.

The father, John Stout, died June 11, 1884, and Mrs.
Stout August 8, 1893.

3. Wellington Trumbo was born June 2, 1832, unmar-
ried.

4. Gilbert N. Trumbo born August 17, 1835, married

120 THE READER FAMILY.

Miss Lavina Garrett December 29, 1864, and had the follow-
ing children:

i. Alice C. married John Bower.

ii. John S. unmarried.

iii. Ida M. married Wm. Wickham and they have one
son.

iv. Grace married Israel Wakefield, and have one son,
Gilbert I.

V. James Duff unmarried.

Mr. Trumbo died September 20, 1887.

5. Clarissa V. Trumbo born May 28, 1838, unmarried.

Also one son and one daughter who died in infancy.

XIII. Edwin Reader born May 25, 1802, married Cathe-
rine Mellinger in 1834, and had no children.

CHAPTER V.

Francis Reader-Catherine James.

Francis Reader was reared on the farm in Notting-
ham townsliip, and learned the trade of carpenter and mill-
wright. Being of a studious turn of mind, and especially
fond of mathematics, in which he was very proficient, he
learned civil engineering. He often told of his facilities for
study, when after the day's work was over, he lay before
the fireplace with pine knots burning for a light, and
studied the few books he had, until he thoroughly mastered
them.

April 14, 1839, he was commissioned Justice of the
Peace of Union, township, formed from Nottingham, the
first Justice in the township, whch he resigned to go to
Greenfield, now Coal Centre, in the same county. Here he
followed his trade of carpenter for more than twenty years.

In his new home at Greenfield, he held the office of
Justice of the Peace for seven terms, being elected
June 11, 1S44, April 10, 1849, April 11, 1854, April 10, 1860,
April 9, 1867, April 2, 1872, and January 19, 1874, In all about
thirty-two years. He heard but comparatively few law suits

122 THE READER FAMILY.

in that time, his custom being when litigants came before
him. to endeavor to have them settle their disputes without
going to law. This made him popular as a peace maker,
but it was a failure as a fee gatherer. On October 28, 18G2,
he was elected Deputy Surveyor General, now County Sur-
veyor, of Washington county. Pa., in which office he served
for three years.

For many years of the latter part of his active life, he
followed the business of civil engineer, particularly in coal
lands and coal banks, his work oeing regarded as so correct,
that what he did was held as final and binding. Nearly
all the old coal lines and mines about Coal Centre, were
laid out by him. He also prepared deeds and other work
in that line, in connection with his office work.

He Avas a member of the Presbyterian church, and a
prominent Mason. During the Civil War he was a War
Democrat, both of his sons, and two sous in law, serving
their country in that war. In his closing years he lived
with his daughter, Martha W. Morgan, at Belle Vernon,
Pa., where he died April 20, 1884, and was buried in Howe's
cemetery near Coal Centre.

Francis Reader and Catherine James were married
December 25, 1832. She was born March 3, 1804, and was
the daughter of William .lames, a farmer of Nottingham
township. His father, Richard James, was born in 1733,
and married Eliza1)eth .Smith in 17G0, and had ten children.
His ancestors were English and came to America in the
latter part of the seventeenth century. William James
married Elizabeth Gallagher, of Scotch-Irish descent, and
thev had eleven children. He served as a fifer during the

FRANCIS READER. 123

Revolution until towards its close, and then as Orderly
Sergeant.

Crumriue's History of Washington county, Pa., says of
this family: "Richard James, of Upper Freehold, Monmouth
county, N. J., purchased of Gabriel Cox April 25, 1780, 505
acres of land, in which was included the whole of the tract
called 'Coxbury' and part of 'Cox's Addition.' " This land
was in Nottingham township, which he divided equally
between his two sons, Robert born February 10, 17G2, and
William James born January 22, 1764. Robert James
married Catherine Gallagher, of Allegheny county, a sister
of Elizabeth who married William James.

To Francis and Catherine Reader were born, Eliza
Matilda Reader December 15, 1833, and Samuel James
Reader January 25, 1836. The mother died May 19, 1836.
The children were taken to La Harpe, 111., by their maternal
aunt, Eliza James, in 1841, and moved to Indianola, Kansas
May 26, 1855. Here they selected claims of 160 acres of
land each, for which they received U. S. patents in 1857,
and still own the farms.

READER-CAMPDORAS.

Eliza M. Reader was married to Dr. M. A. Campdoras at
Indianola, Kansas February 22, 1858, and to them were
born the following children:

1. Leon S. Campdoras born October 21, 1858.

2. J. Katherine Campdoras born June 25, 1860.

3. Frank Reader Campdoras born April 2, 1862, who
was married to Miss Florence Packard, Topeka Kansas,
September 22, 1898.

4. Virginia Justine Campdoras bora September 6, 1864,

124 THE READER FAMILY.

who married Albert C. Root, of Topeka, Kansas December
24, 1889, to whom was born one child, Irving C. Root May
21, 1891.

5. Grace R. Campdoras born Jnne 14, 18G6.

G. Velleda M. Campdoras born December 1, 18G7.

7. Irene M. Campdoras born May 24, 1873.

Dr. Campdoras died April G, 1881.

Dr. M. A. Campdoras was a native of Thuir, France,
and served as surgeon in the French navy from 1845 to
December 1851, and came to this country in the spring of
1852, and to Topelia March 1855. After Louis Napoleon's
"coup de etat" December 2, 1851, Dr. Campdoras left the
French navy, and served as colonel of an Insurgent regi-
ment against the regular troops, in the Department of the
Yar. After the defeat and dispersion of the "patriot upris-
ing," he was exiled; but was afterwards pensioned by the
present French Republic. In the spring of 18G2 he was
appointed Assistant Surgeon of the Second Regiment Indian
Home Guards, "Army of the Frontier" under General
Blunt. He was wounded at the battle of Cane Hill Noveni-
l)er 28, 18G2, and resigned October 18G3, on account of ill
health.

S. J. READER-SMITH.

Samuel .T. Reader was married to Elizabeth Ellen
Smith. La Harpe, 111., December i7, 18G7. Children: Ruth
Reader l)orn September 25, 18G8, died April 29, 1885, Eliza-
beth Reader born October 9, 1871, Frederick A. Reader
born January 19, 1873, died August 6, 1873. The mother
died March 30, 1898.

Samuel J. Reader was a private in Co. G., Second regi-

FRANCIS READER. 125

ment "Kansas Free State Army," during the "Border
Rufflan War."

He joined the company July 29, 1856, and marched with
it to Xemeha Falls, Neb., when it met the first Free State
emigrant train that came into Kansas through Nebraska.
Old John Brown, of Ossawatomie, was with Co. G., at and
beyond the Nebraska line, and assisted and encouraged its
members by his presence and advice. The name of the
captain of Co. G. was Aaron D. Stevens. He went to Har-
per's Ferry with John Brown in 1859, and was executed
March Ki, 18(JU.

September 13, 185G, S. J. Reader participated in the
battle of Hickory Point, Kansas, under Capt. Wm. Creitz,
General James H. Lane commanding, and the next day
returned home, his services being no longer required.

During the Civil War, Co. D. Second regiment Kansas
State Militia was organized August 25, 1863, of which Mr.
Reader was elected Second Lieutenant. He was promoted
to Regimental Quartermaster November 4, 1863. The regi-
ment was called into active service October 10, 1864, and
served under General S. R. Curtis in Missouri. In making a
reconuoisance October 22, a battalion of the regiment 275
strong, struck the flank of the advancing Confederates, near
the Big Blue river, Mo. A desperate engagement ensued,
when the Confederates gained the victocy. The Second fell
back across the Big Blue, losing a brass 24 pounder
howitzer, 24 men killed, 20 wounded and 74 captured, Mr.
Reader being among the latter. After a forced march of
three days he escaped from the Confederate guards, while
crossing the Marmiton river in Missouri, in the night, Octo-

126 THE READER FAMILY.

ber 2oth, and reached Kansas and the Union foi-ces the
next day at noon. The regiment was discharged from
active service October 30, 1864, his discharge papers being
dated at the Adjutant General's office, Topeka, Kansas,
December 6, 1865.

CHAPTER VI.

Francis Reader-Eleanor B. Smith,

Francis Reader married Eleanor Bentley Smith, daugh-
ter of James A. Smith, January 10, 1842, and had the fol-
lowing children:

1. PYancis Smith Reader born November 17, 1842.

2. Martha White Reader born October 22, 1844.

3. Eleanor M. Reader born October 5, 1846.

They were all born in Greenfield, where the mother died
February 8, 1847.

READER-MORGAN.

Martha W. Reader and William F. Morgan, were mar-
ried December 25, 1867.

Mr. Morgan was born April 12, 1843, in Elizabeth, Alle-
gheny county, Pa., the eldest of six children of Benjamin
F. and Martha Tower Morgan, and was a grandson of Mor-
gan D. Morgan, a native of Glamorganshire, Wales, who
came to Pittsburg, Pa., in 1814, where he devoted his time
to teaching school and blacksmithing, until he died in 1856.

Benjamin F. Morgan, father of William F., was born
April 5, 1824, in Pittsburg, Pa., where he lived until 1873,
when he moved to Bellaire, O., where he died October 5,

128 THE READER FAMILY.

1889. He was a luau of piety, and served for twenty years
as elder in the First Presbyterian church, South Side, Pitts-
burg. On July 4, 1S(;1, he volunteered in the G2d regiment
of Pa. Volunteers, Col. Samuel Black, and was discharged
August 8, 18G4, having taken pail in every battle in which
his regiment was engaged. His occupation was glass cutter.

William F. Morgan's maternal grandfather was Edward
Tower, a prominent teacher in the Monongahela valley, who
was a native of Pennsylvania, and married Martha Cook,
grand-daughter of Col. Edward Cook, one of the most
prominent men of his day in Western Pennsylvania.

Col. Cook was born in Franklin county, Pa., in 1741, and
married Martha Crawford there, removing to what is now
Fayette county, Pa., in 1770. They had one child, .Tames
Cook, born August 13, 1772, in the Cook homestead back
of the present Fayette City. .Tames married Mary Bell,
who came from Ireland, and they had five sous and one
daughter, Martha, who became the wife of Edward Tower.

Col. Edward Cook was a member of the committee of
conference which met in Carpenter's Hall in 1776, and also
a member of the Constitutional Convention held that year.
He was prominent during the War of the Revolution, and
commanded the Rangers for frontier defense in 1781. He
was Sub-Lieutenant of Westmorehxnd county in 1780, and
Lieutenant of the county in 1782, having command of all
the militia of the county with the rank of colonel. On
November 21, 1780, he was appointed a Justice with juris-
diction, including Washington county, and August 17, 1791,
was appointed Associate Judge of Fayette county. In
1796-8 he was treasurer of Westmoreland county. During

FRANCIS READER. 129

the Whiskey Insurrection he was very prominent in the
movement against the excise laws, serving on several com-
mittees and very active in every operation. After it was
all over he received amnesty, and was honored, and
retained his high standing with the people. He purchased
three thousand acres of land fronting on the Monongahela
river, and extending back of Fayette City, which place he
founded as Cookstown, and built on an eminence on the
beautiful tract, in 1772, the stone house yet standing and
occupied, which was the family homestead, and from which
nearly all his land could be seen. Rehobeth Presbyterian
church was built on his land, of which he was an original
elder, and in the 'beautiful cemetery of the church, he and
his wife now rest. He was a man of piety and honor,
greatly loved and respected. He died November 27, 1808,
and his wife April 20, 1837.

William F. Morgan was educated in the public and high
school of Pittsburg, which he left at the age of 18, to enter
the Union service in the Civil War. He responded to the
first call for 75,000 volunteers in April 1861, and served in
the (;2d Pa. Vols, until March 25, 1803, and re-enlisted
August 9, 1803, in a Pennsylvania battery of light artillery,
in which he served until the close of the war. He took
part in the battles of Williamsburg, Hanover C. H.,
Mechanicsville, Gaines' Mill, Seven Days Fight, and the
siege of Yorktown. He was on guard in Washington, D.
C, when President Lincoln was assassinated, and was one
of the guard of honor that accompanied the remains from
the White House to the Capitol, where they lay in state.

After the war he followed glass cutting in Pittsburg

130 THE READER FAMILY.

until 1873, and then moved to Belle Vernon, Pa., where he
continued it until 1889, when he eml)arked in the mercan-
tile business. He was captain of a company of Pennsyl-
vania militia at F.elle Vernon, and is a prominent member
of the G. A. R. He is an elder in the Presbyterian church,
and an active and earnest worker in the cause of Cliris-
tianity. in the church and Sunday School, and wherever
duty calls. His wife is a member of the same church.
Their home is at Belle Vernon, Pa. ^

They have had the following children:

Harry Reader Morgan, born January 11. 1800, married
Mrs. Grace Davis August 23, 1803. They had two children,
Silas born July 1(>, 1804, who died July 10, 1805, and Edgar
AVallace born August 22, 1001.

2. Frank A. ^uorgan born March 28. 1871, married Miss
Florence Springer August 20, lOOo. and have one child.
Eugene Francis 3Iorgan born October 7, 1001.

3. Pearl A. Morgan born August 0, 1874, married Frank
E. Pelton, court stenographer, Pittsburg, Pa., August 8,
1001.

4. Kate E. Morgan l>orn May 18, 1870.

5. Mary Eleanor Morgan born April 29. 1885.

0. Grace Helen Morgan born ]May 3i. 1887, died April
17, 1891.

READEK-HERTZOG.

Eleanor M. Reader and Oliver Gans Hertzog were mar-
ried October 28, 1869.

Mr. Hertzog was born in Springhill township, Fayette
county. Pa., April 9, 1844. His ancestors on his father's side
r-ame from Holland some time before the Revolutionary

FRANCIS READER. 131

war and settled at Hagerstown, Md., where his grand-
father John Hertzog was born in 1778. His grandmother's
name was Margaret Horn, who was born in Fayette county,
Pa., in 1770. and married Mr. Barchinal in 1701. by whom
she liad Ave children, three sons and two daughters. After
the death of her husband in the year 1810. she was married
to John Hertzog, and to this union was born one son,
Andrew Hertzog, father of the subject of this sketch.

On his mother's side he traces his ancestry back to
George Baltzer Gaus, who came with his wife from
Swartzenan, Germany, in 1711), and located near Philadel-
phia. Tradition assigns to him the position oi chamberlain
to the King; while his wife was a lady in waiting upon the
Queen. Their coat of arms was a goose in a circle. All the
Gauses were originally Tankers or German Baptists, who
taught the doctrine of non-resistance. Mr. Hertzog's grand-
father. George Gans, was grandson of George Baltzer Gans,
and was the seventh son of Jacob Gans with no intervening-
girls and was known as "Seventh Son Doctor." He was
said to be one of the best of men and an earnest Christian.
He was born in Fayette county, Pa., and married Hannah
Larsh in 18QS, a "sweet singer," whose grandmother had
been rescued as a captive from the Indians. His mother
Susan Gans, was the second child of this union and was
l)orn in 1811, the same year as his father .

Andrew Hertzog and Susan Gans were married Decem-
ber 27, 1S32, and lived in the same community during their
entire lives. To them were born eleven children, of whom
Oliver G. was the youn'gest son. While reared on a farm
he learned the carpenter's trade, attending school in the

132 THE READER FAMILY.

winter. He began teaching at the age of twenty, and was
educated at the State Normal School, California, Pa., and
Bethany College, West Virginia, making his own way
through school.

He was baptized into the Baptist church at the age of
sixteen, united with the Disciples of Christ at twenty
one, and entered upon the work of the ministry at twenty-
five, with the old Pigeon Creek Church of Christ, Washing-
ton county. Pa. His labors during the eighteen months he
served that church, were extended to other localities and
through forces he set in motion, more than three hundred
persons were baptized. October 1870 he ))egau a successful
work at Niagara Falls, N. Y., building up a good church
there, and planting one at Pekin of nearly one hundred
members, besides conducting a successful meeting in
Buffalo. N. Y^. In January 1874 he took charge of the
Avork in Buffalo, paying oft' the debts of the church, and in
two years making it a good self sustaining church, besides
I'.olding meetings in Selkirk, Canada, that addea ninety to
the church there. Januai'y 1876 at the earnest solicitation of
the Welling Cooperation of Canada, he entered upon evan-
gelistic work in the province of Ontario, where he remained
four years, planting in all eight new churches and
strengthening several old ones.

Much worn out he returned to his home at Niagara
Falls, N. Y., where he gathered up and rallied the forces
of the church, and planted a church at Fredonia, N. Y.
During this time he was tendered the position of special
agent of the U. S. Treasury for the Niagara District, which
he accepted and served for four and one half years, supply-

FRANCIS READER. 133

iny cliiirclies on Sundays, and preaching as opportunity pre-
sented itself. He retired from tliis office January 1885, and
accepted tlie position of corresponding secretary of tlie New
Yorlv Clu'istian Missionary Society. Under liis administra-
tion the churches were planted at Wellsville and Roches-
ter, and excellent houses of worship built at each place.
Four and one half years were devoted exclusively to the
Rochester work. A general revival of interest was found in
nearly all the churches of the state, new houses of worship
were built in Troy, Buffalo and Tonawanda, and new
churches organized in all these cities, growing largely out
of the interest created in the new church at Rochester.

At the earnest solicitation of the president and board
of trustees of Hiram College, Ohio, he accepted the position
of financial secretary of the college September 1, 1891, and
during the nine years he has served in that capacity, he and
President ZoUars have added to the endowment nearly
three hundred thousand dollars, built the Christian Associa-
tion and other buildings at an aggregate cost of fully forty
thousand dollars, besides adding several new departments
and augmenting the attendance.

The home of Mr. and Mrs. Hertzog is at Hiram, the seat
of the college.

They have had the following cliildren:

1. Frances Hertzog born April 1, 1871, married Dr.
Elliott I. Osgood July 14. 1808. They went as missionaries
to China, where there was born to them a son, Riussell
Osgood, June 4, 1899.

2. Fred Reader Hertzog born October 17, 1872, was
graduated from Case School of Applied Science June 1896.

134 THE READER FA]SriLY.

He began Avork with the Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg
R. R., at Rochester, N. Y., where he remained until May
1890, when he accepted the position of draughtsman with
Siemen & Halsl^e Electric Co., Chicago. In 1900 he
accepted a similar position with the Brown Hoisting
Machinerjf Co., of Cleveland, and was promoted to position
of Squad Chief. In November the same year he accepted
the position of Chief Engineer with Tate, Jones & Co.,
Pittsburg, Pa.

3. Eleanor May Hertzog born May 23, 1878, died
August 4, 1878.

4. Oliver Russell Hertzog born June 4, 1884, now a stu-
dent at Hiram College.

5. Carl Willard Hertzog born May 14, 1887, died July
28, 1887.

All the children were born in Niagara Falls, N. Y., and
the two that died are buried in the beautiful cemetery there.

READER-DARLING.

Francis S. Reader was born and reared in Greenfield,
living for a time with relatives in Union township, where
he learned to love and till the soil. He worked at the
carpenter ti'ade in Greenfield, and was assistant postmaster
when the Civil War broke out, when he enlisted April 27,
1801. See sketch of services later. He attended public
school during the winter, in the Pollock school house, Union
township and in (ireenfield. and at a latei' period was a
student for some time at Mount Union College, Ohio. Upon
his return from the army in 18()4, he taught school in
Greenfield, and the next spring completed a course in Iron
City College, Pittsburg, Pa. July 1805 he was tendered a

FRANCIS READER. 135

positiou in the office of Hon. David Sanliey, collector of
iuterual revenue. New Castle, Pa., wliicli lie accepted, and
continued in this service at different times for over ten
years, being chief deputy collector of the district for eight
years, and acting collector for several months. While at
New Castle he sat at the same desk with Ira D. Sankey,
the singing evangelist, and they became close and life long
friends.

He joined the M. B. church at New Castle December
15, 18G5, and in March 1868 was appointed preacher in
charge of a circuit of nine appointments, in the North
INIisso'uri Confei-ence M. E. church, but owing to the failure
of his voice, was compelled to retire after one year's service.
He has been an official member of the church for over 32
years, and Sunday School superintendent for 25 years. He
is a member of the Historical Society of Washington
county. Pa., Edwin M. Stanton Post No. 208 Grand Army
of the RepuDlic of Pennsylvania, and the Pennsylvania
Societ.y Sons of the American Revolution.

May 22, 1874, he and Major David Critchlow, of the
100th Pa. Volunteers, established the Beaver Valley News,
a weekly newspaper at New Brighton, Pa., and January 1,
1877. he bought the Major's interest, starting the Daily
News February 4. 1883, the first daily paper in Beaver
county, Pa. He admitted his son, Willard S. Reader, as a
partner September 28. 1802, who has filled the position of
city editor since that time.

He is a Republican in politics, serving for several years
as a member and secretary of the Republican county com-
mittee of Beaver county. Pa. While in this office in 1878,

136 THE READER FAMILY.

he prepared and presented to the legislature of the State,
the first law enacted im Pennsylvania for the government
of primary elections; was alternate to the Chicago Conven-
tion that nominated Hon. James G. Blaine for president iu
1884, served in the school board and council of New Brigh-
ton. Pa., and held other positions of trust, but never
solicited auiy public position. He was secretary for several
years of building and loan associations, and is a director in
the American Porcelain coiupany, for the manufacture of
porcelain ware, in New Brighton, Pa.

He is the author of a life of Moody and Sankey, the
great Evangelists; the history of the Fifth West Virginia
Cavalry; history of New Brighton, Pa., and of historical
sketches of the Harmony Society, Economy, Pa., and of
the Beaver Valley, in which he lives.

Francis S. Reader and Merran F. Darling were united
in marriage Deeemiber 24, 1807, at New Brighton, Pa. She
is a member of the Presbyterian church, the Benevolent
Society, and the Woman's Club, New Brighton, Pa. Her
parents were Joseph Quint Darling, and Rebecca Cobb
Darling, both descendants of old New England families.

Mr. Darling was born at Orford, New Hampshire, iu
1806, son of Josiah and Mary Quint Darling. In both these
old families there were Revolutionary soldiers, Mr. Darl-
ing's grandfather being one of them. The Darlings seem
to have had their origin in that state at Sanhorton, and
were living there before the Revolution, but the records do
not show when they settled there, or the history of the
family back of Josiah Darling.

The Quints evidently were among the early settlers of

FRANCIS READER. 137

New Hampsliire, and what history is obtainable of them,
shows the family to have been an enterprising and progres-
sive class of people, whose descendants had considerable
prominence in that section. One .John Quint was a scout
against the French in Capt. Westbrook's company in 1712,
in the Colonial service. .Joseph Quint was in Capt. David
Jewett's company in Col. Thomas Ballet's regiment for the
defense of West Point in 1780. This same Joseph appeared
in Alton, N. H.. in 1788, as signer of a petition for the incor-
poration of the town. Thomas Quint was in Col. George
Reid's regiment for the defence of Fort Washington and in
other services. This or another Thomas Quint appears in
Capt. Carr's company in the expedition to Rhode Island in
1777, then said to be 19 years old, and boi'u in Portsmouth,
N. H. William Quint was at Kittery Point near Ports-
mouth in 1775. These were all in the Revolutionary war.
The families were found in Poa'tsmouth and Dover, and the
family directly concerned in this sketch was from Ports-
mouth.

Benjamin Quint was the head of the family that went
from Portsmouth to Orford, N. H., but the year is not
known, though it was shortly after the Revolution. On
July 11, 1788, Benjamin Quint purchased the west half of
100 acre lot No. 5 in the town, from Samuel Morey, clerk
for the proprietors of Orford, and he was one of the tirst
settlers in the town. He died there April 21, 1822, aged 90
years. There was an addition to this town called Quint-
town, doubtless from the large amount of land held there by
the several families. Joseph Quint, no doubt the same
that was at Alton in 1788, began to buy lands at Orford

138 THE READER FAMILY.

April 10, 1798, and by the year 1810, he had at least 200
acres. Land ^yas also held by Thomas Quint, Benjamin
Quint, Jr., and George Quint, all of the same family. A
number of tlie descendants of the Quints yet live in Orford
and other pai-ts of New England, and there are many of the
Darlings in the state.

Josiah and Mary Quint Darling had the following chil-
dren: Polly wife of Harrison Dee, Hannah wife of Peter
Parker, Robert, Franklin, William and Joseph Quint Darl-
ing. Mrs. Darling died April 20, 1822, about which time
her son Joseph Q., was thrown on his own resources and
started in the world for himself. Before her death the
family moved to Vermont, and in later years all the chil-
dren moved west, Joseph Q., with liis brother, William,
going to Chautauqua county, N. Y., in 1834. He was a
lumberman there, and followed that business and oper-
ating saw mills and farming, most of his life.

Rebecca Cobb came also of old New England families,
that came to America long before the Revolution. Tlie
Cobbs settled in Boston. Massachusetts, wliere her great
grandfatlier, Isaac Cobb, was born in 1700. They followed
the occupation of seameui, and after the removal of the
family to Gerry, Chautauqua county, N. Y., he Ava:^ captain
of a boat on the great lakes called the Henry Clay. Isaac
Cobb maiTied Delia Knowles ini Massachusetts, and had
the following children: Isaac Cobb married Lydia Hill,
Freeman Cobb married Rebecca Buekleu, Roland Cobb
married Eliza Butts, Barrett Cobb unmarried, John Cobb
married Elsa Pierce, Hannah Cobb married Seth Alger,
Pollv Col)b married William Mellen. Julia Cobb married

FRANCIS READER. 139

Amos Barmor, Adaline Cobb married William Brown, Dor-"
mida Col)b married Samuel Horton.

Rebecca Cobb was the daugliter of Freeman and
Rebecca Bueklen Cobb, tbe latter having the following
children: Isaac, Mahala, Martha, Freeman, Delia, Eliza,
Johui, Rebecca, Helen, Grant.

The Bucklens, an old New England family, moved to
Chautauqua county, N. Y., in June 1817, and settled "Buek-
len's Corners," now known as Gerry. They had the fol-
lowing children: Willard, Lovell, James, Patty, Betsy,
Sophia, Rebecca and Gracia. Rebecca was the wife of
Freeman Cobb. Roland Cobb entered the ministry and
Willard Bueklen became a lawyer.

Joseph Q. Darling and Rebecca Cobb were married in
Chautauqua county, N. Y., in 1845, and had four children,
two dying in infancy Merrau F. Darling was born Sep-
tember 28, 1846, in Chautauqua county, N. Y., after which
the family moved to New Brighton, Fa., whei'e Josei>h Free-
man Darling was born in 1848.

Francis S. and Merran D. Reader, had two sons:

I. Frank Eugene Reader was born December 15, 1868.
He attended the public school New Brighton, Geneva Col-
lege, Beaver Falls, Pa., and in October 1885, entered Johns
Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md., where he pursued the
undergraduate course, and was graduated June 1888, with
the degree of B. A. He registered in the law office of Major
A. M. Brown and John S. Lambie, Pittsburg, Pa., in 1889,
and was admitted to practice in the Allegheny county
courts September 1891, and the Beaver county courts Octo-
ber 1891. Later he was admitted to the Supreme and

140 THE READER FAMILY.

Superior courts of Pennsylvania. He became a member
of the law firm of Moore, Moore & Reader in 1892, and
was elected solicitor of the Beaver County Building and
Loan Association the same year. In April 1887 he retired
from the firm and opened an office in his own name in New
Brighton. He was attorney for the borough of New Brigh-
ton one year. He is a member of the Historical Society
of Beaver county, Pa., and of the Pennsylvania Society
Sons of the American Revolution.

He was united in marriage witli Jennie B. Nesbit June
3, 1890, and have two daughters, Dorothy Nesbit Reader
born May 8, 1897, and Merran Ethel Reader born February,
17, 19(XJ. They are members of Grace M. E. church. New
Brighton, Pa.

Mrs. Reader is the daughter of Rev. Samuel H. Nesliit,
D. D., and Lida J. Mooi'e, daughter of Rev. James Moore,
Belmont county, Ohio. Their children were: William M.
Nesbit married Sarah Elliott and had two children, all
deceased. Sue Nesbit died 1896, May Nesbit married John
S. Craig, of the firm of Riter and Conley, Pittsburg, and
have two children, Ethel May and Samuel Nesbit, James
Nesbit died in 1887, Gertrude Nesbit married Rev. Harry
S. Free, of the Pittsburg Conference M. E. church in 1892,
and had one daughter, Margaret, who makes her home with
Mr. and Mrs. Craig, Rev. Free dying in 1896, and Mrs. Free
1898, Jennie B. Nesbit, and four children died young.

Dr. Nesbit was of Scotch-Irish descent, his parents
coming to this country from the north of Ireland when
young, and were married in 1811. He was born in Butler
county. Pa., September 30, 1821, was a nailer by trade, was

FRANCIS READER. 141

converted in 1842, and entered Allegheny College, Pa., in
1845, to prepare for the ministry. November 3, 1843, he
was licensed as a local preacher and was received on trial
in the Pittsburg Conference M. E. church in 1847. He was
principal of Wellsburg, Va., Female Seminary 1853-5;
president of Richmond College 1857-8; elected editor of the
Pittsburg Christian Advocate, which office he filled with
great ability from 18G0 to 1872; was presiding elder two
terms, and afterward served as pastor at Monongahela
City, Butler and New BrightoQ, Pa., dying at the latter
place April 5, 1891. Dr. Nesbit was one of the ablest
preachers of his Conference, a writer of great ability, and a
ti-ue man in every relation of life.

II. Willard Stanton Reader was born September 28,
1871. He attended public school New Brighton, and Geneva
College, Beaver Falls, Pa. He entered the office of the
Beaver Valley News as apprentice in 188G, and assumed
the duties of reporter in 1888. He was admitted to partner-
ship in the paper September 28, 1892, and since then has
been city editor of the paper, and assists in its manage-
ment. He wrote considerably for city papers for some
years; was secretary of the Board of Health for some time,
and one of the directors of the American Porcelain com-
pany for two years, but retired from all outside work to
give his undivided attention to the management of the
news columns of the paper. He is a member of the Penn-
sylvania Society Sons of the American Revolution.

He was united in marriage with Lily D. Robinson
March 1, 1897. Both are members of the Methodist Pro-
testant church, New Brighton, Pa. They have two children,

142 THE READER FAMILY.

Willard Donald Reader born December 20, 1897, and Robert
Wallace Reader born December 13, 1901.

Mrs. Reader is the daughter of Thomas Robinson and
Mary J. Lynch, both dead. Mr. Robinson served as a
soldier in the Civil War. His ancestors settled early in the
eastei'n part of Pennsylvania, where he was born. His
mother was named Edwards, sister of John Edwards, of
Lawrence county, a family of strong character, one of the
latter's daughters mari-ying Ira D. Sankey. Mrs. Robinson
was of Scotch-Irish descent, whose ancestors came from
the north of Ireland to this country in 1780, settling in
Cumberland county, Pa.

Mr. and Mrs. Robinson had live childreiii: Lily D. Robin-
son born in 1875, Ira Robinson born in 1878 and clerk in the
Union Drawn Steel Co., Beaver Falls, Pa., and David,
Andrew and ,Tohn dead.

MILIT.\RY HISTORY.

On Sunday April 14, 1861, following the firing on Fort
Sumpter, Francis S. Reader united with his neighboi's in
the formation of a company of volunteers, being one of the
first to enlist, which was fully organized April 27. 1861, and
its services offered to the Governor of Pennsylvania. Being
unable to get into the service of Pennsylvania on account
of its quota being full, the company drilled regularly at
home at its own expense until July, when at the request of
Governor F. H. Pierpont of reorganized Virginia, it entered,
the service of that state July 9, being sworn into the U. S.
Volunteer Army July 10, 1861, for three years, after-
wards being paid from Apx-il 27, the date of enlistment.
This was among the first, if not the first, of the three years'

FRANCIS READER. 143

companies enlisted in Washington county, Penna., and tlie
lirst three years' regiment in Virginia, mustered under
Governor Pierpont. The company went into camp at
Wheeling, Vii-ginia, where it remained until July 22, and
then went to Beverly, Virginia, where it was assigned as
Companj^ I Second Regiment Virginia Infantry.

Of the regiment, companies A, D, F and G wei*e from
Pittsburg, Pa., company I from Greenfield, Pa., company
H from Ironton, O., company B from Grafton, Va., com-
pany C from Wheeling, Va., company E from Ohio and Vir-
ginia, and company K from Parkersburg, Va.

Company A has the credit of killing the first armed Con-
federate soldier of the war. Captain Christian Roberts, at
Glover's Gap, Va., May 27, 18Gl,and company B of losing the
first enlisted man of the war dn the U. S. service, Bailey
Brown, who was shot near Grafton, Va., May 22, 18G1, by

D. W. S. Knight, of company A 25th Virginia Confederate
regiment. Brown was not mustered in, but would have
been May 25, and his death preceded that of Colonel Ells-
worth two days. Company B was in the battles of Phillipi.
Laurel Hill and Carrick's Ford, Western Virginia, General
Garnett being killed at the latter place July 13, the first
Confederate General officer to lose his life.

The regiment remained at Beverly, Va., until Septem-
ber 12, when it was ordered to Elkwater to help General
Reynolds resist the attack of Confederate General Robert

E. Lee, who was threatening Cheat Mountain and Elk-
water: and the regiment has the credit of leading in the
charge over the foothills, that resulted in the repulse and
withdi-awal of this great general, his first defeat. On

144 THE READER FAMILY.

December 13, a part of the regiment engagecl in tlie battle
of Allegheny Mountain, and soon after the regiment was
sent to Cheat Mountain summit, the only Federal troops in
that section, where it remained behind the breastworks for
three months, the highest camp of the war, in plain view
of the Confederates, who were but a few miles distant
on the summit of the Alleghenies.

April 5, 1SG2, the regiment left Cheat Mountain, becom-
ing a part of the brigade of Brig. Gen. Robert H. Milroy,
and of tlie "Mountain Department" under command of Maj.
Gen. John C. Fremont. The advance southward was
attended with considerable fighting, especially at Monterey
and McDowell, and was completed by the campaign in the
Shenandoah valley agiainst the Confederate General T. J.
(Stonewall) Jackson, resulting in the battles of Ci'oss Keys
and Port Republic, June 8 and 9, 18(52, in which expedition
Gen. Fremont's command marched 200 miles in 115 hours of
marching, was for six weeks without tents or shelter of
any kind, and for more than a month on short rations.

June 20, General Milroy's brigade becailie a part of the
"Army of Virginia" under command of Maj. Gen. John
Pope, and took part in the battles of Kelly's Ford, Sulphur
Springs, ^Vaterloo Bridge, the Second Battle of Bull Run,
and the other smaller engagements of that campaign. Sep-
tember 30 the brigade returned to Western Virginia, the
Second Virginia regiment going into winter quarters at
Beverly, where it was attacked by a superior force April
24, 1803, and after a brisk fight had to retreat, meeting the
Coiiifedei-ates again at West Union, returning to Beverly
May 0, remaining there until June 15, and then going to

FRANCIS READER. 145

Graftou, Va., to be mounted, becoming a part of the Inde-
pendent cavalry brigade of Brig. Gen. W. W. Averell. The
liorses were received June 21, 1863, and later tbe regiment
was designated as the Fifth West Virginia Cavah-y.

At this time F. S. Reader was offered promotion but
declined it, as the acceptance involved the reduction in rank
of a friend and comrade, and remained a private .soldier
until mustered out. When the brigade was organized he
was detailed from his company for special duty at the
head<iuarters of General Averell. During the battle of
Gettysburg he was with the headquarters when General
Averell and part of his brigade were huiTied to the front,
and joined in the attacli on General Lee's right wing as he
retreated, rendering good service. After this the brigade
was united and entered upon a most Ijrilliant campaign in
the mountains of West Virginia.

The first contest with the Confederates was at Rocky
Gap, August 2(5 and 27, General Averell's forces falling
back after a fight of two days. This was followed by the
battle of Droop Mountain November G, 1863, a brilliant
victory for General Averell's brigade. December 8 they
went on the famous Salem raid, one of the most brilliant
and skillfully executed of the war, resulting in a magni-
ficent victory for Averell's brigade. He was with his regi-
ment in all its campaigns to this time except Allegheny
Mountain and the Salem raid.

In the spring of 1864 he was assigned to Maj. Gen.
Franz Sigel's headquartex's, and was with the General and
his staff in his campaign in the Shenandoah valley, closing
with the battle of New Market May 14, 1864, General

146 THE READER FAMILY.

Sijit'l's forces being defeated. He was transferred to Maj.
Hen. David H. Hunter's headquarters, wlio was appointed
to tliis command May 21, and liis duties were in the Assist-
ant Provost Marshal's department. When in battle, he was
with the General and his staff, ready to assist wherever
needed. General Hunter advanced toward Staunton, Va.,
and on .Tune 5 fough.t the battle of Piedmont in the Luray
valley, winning a decisive victory. The advance was con-
tinued and Staunton was captured, being the first Federal
troops "to enter the city. The command then advanced to
Lexington, Va., without fiu'ther fighting, the expedition
closing with the l)attle at Lynchburg, Va., and the retire-
ment of General Hunter's command. In addition to the
campaigns and battles named, the regiment was almost
constantly scouting, breaking up predatory bands, and
holding the advance for two years in Western Virginia.
The regiment had in all, including recruits, 1,009 officers
and men and lost by death in l)attle, in prison and by
disease, 189 men, and hundreds of wounded.

ESCAPE FROM PRISON.

Before reaching Lyncliburg, a few men whose term of
service was al)out to expire, were detailed to take the
advance of the troops placed in command of the wagon
train, ordered bacK to the Kanawha valley. In this detail
were :

Martin V. Sweet, First New York Lincoln Cavalry.

Joseph H. Anderson, First New Jersey Cavalry.

Horace Penniman, First Maryland Infantry.
y Francis S. Reader, Fifth West Virginia Cavaliy.

The advance had considerable fighting with small

FRANCIS READER.

147

parties of Confederates, and when near Lewisburg on the
Kanawha river, while about a mile ahead of the main
column, were cut off from the command, the latter being-
engaged by a body of Confederates; they were driven into
the mountains near Greenbrier White Sulphur Springs, and

M. V. SWEET. J. H. ANDERSON.

H. PENNIMAN. F. S. READER

(Photographs taken in 1865).

on June 20 were captured by a company of Confederate
cavalry. They were taken to Covington, Va., and i)ut in
jail, and a few days later to Lexington, Va., and first put
in a room above a storehouse and then in the jail, and soon
afterward moved to Lynchburg. Va., arriving there July 1.

/

148 THE READER FAMILY.

They were placed in an old tobacco warehouse on the canal,
and rimioved July 3 to another warehouse in the central
part of the city, where about TOO prisoners were confined.
Six attempts were made by the party of four comrades to
escape from this prison, but each was foiled by extra
yuards. and it was here that they determined that they
would never permit themselves to be taken to Anderson-
ville prison, understood to be their destination.

On July 19, five hundred of the prisoners were counted
out to be taken to Anderson ville. were put aboard a train
and reached Burkesville Junction about G o'clock that
evening, where they were unloaded to await a train from
liichmond. The train soon arrived, made up of box cars,
with a I;irge door on each side, at each of which two guards
were stationed. Tlie four comrades here made their arrange-
ments to escape from this train, the place about twenty
miles south. They had a small map of Virginia from which
they had outlined the course to take, and liad gained con-
siderable information from the guards who were toild by
the four that they intended to go home. It was thought
that a northeast course of about 120 miles' would enable
them to reach Petersburg, passing through Lunenburg,
Nottoway and Dinwiddie counties, and through the extreme
right wing of General Robert E. Lee's grand Confederate
army.

Upon entering ihe car tliey found some boards loose on
the side of the car at the rear end, which they forced
sufficiently for a man to get through. Their plan was for
each to take a guard and .lump from the train with him, in
the hope of overcoming them and escaping, but the hole in

FRANCIS READER. 149

the ear offered a safer and easier plan and it was adopted.
When near Meherrin station, Lunenburg county, Va., about
twenty miles south of Burkesville Junction, and about 25
miles southeast of famous Appomattox, they got ready to
leave the car. Sweet was selected as leader and tirst went
through the hole, followed by Anderson, then Reader, and
Penniman brought up the rear, alighting within a few rods
of each other, in the edge of a woods. It was raining and
quite darli, and evidently their escape was unobserved.
They had no idea what direction to take and stood under
the trees until the rain was over and the clouds passed
away, and they were able to determine the course to take,
the North star ueing their guide in the long, weary nights
of the escape.

That night they walked probably about eight miles,
through thick underbrush and briers, and the next day hid
in the woods, in which two men were at work all day. The
next night they tramped about six hours, and on the 21st
rested in a clump of thick bushes. That evening they had
their tirst meal on the escape, a slave woman giving them
a supper of corn bread, fried bacon and milk. The slaves
were faithful friends to the escaping prisoners, helping
them whenever they could and never betraying them.
During the night they made but little progress, crossing
with difficulty the Nottoway river and walking through
dense woods, camping during the day of the 22d in a clump
of dwarf oaks. From this time on they were constantly in
danger of recapture, camps and scouting parties of the
Confederates seeming to be everywhere. Early in the eve-
ning Sweet went on the hunt for food, and was rewarded

150 THE READER FAiMILY.

by tlie party being taken to a cabin, and there fed by a
slave woman on corn bread and fried bacon, about the hist
she had for herself and family.

They made good pi ogress during the night, and toward
morning turned aside into an orchard to get some apples
and were surprised to see a large number of fine horses
gTazing. This looked suspicious, and they turned to the
right into a heavy pine forest, where they remained during
day time of the 23d. When daylight appeared Pennimau
made a tour of the woods and returned in about an hour,
stating that he had seeui a slave who told him that they
were within a mile of a Confederate camp, directly behind
the orchard the horses were in, near a place called Blacks
and Whites. During the day they could hear calls of the
bugle from the camp. When night came this slave joined
the party and took them to a plantation about two miles
distant, where he and wife gave them a supper of the best
food they had. He then acted as guide for them passing
rapidly away from Blacks and Whites, and left them with
a number of slaves, one of whom acted as guide for about
8 miles, when they ran into a Confederate foraging train,
the guards running into the woods. They were in the midst
of the park of wagons, the teamsters stretched out asleep
except one, but he was so busy with his team that he failed
to see the escaping prisoners, who slipped into the Avoods
and made good their escape. The guide begged to be
relieved, and as a reward for his services. Reader gave him
his vest, the one remaining relic of civilized life in the
party.

On the 24th, a heavy rain drove them into a tobacco

FRANCIS READER. 151

drying house, about half a mile distant from some liouses.
After dark Reader went near the houses to find a friendly
slave, but instead met a white woman of whom he asked
some questions and retired to the woods, and was not
followed. They then passed through the woods and reached
a plantation, and Anderson went toward a house and met a
slave who informed him that four Confederate officers were
in the house, and they were near Dinwiddle court house
where there was a force of Confederate cavalry. They at
once left the neighborhood, the rain pouring down and
making walking difficult, and soon reached some cabins in
which they wai-med their chilled bodies^ by a roaring wood
fire, and partially dried their clothing. Tliey could get
nothing to eat. and a black from another plantation asked
them to go with him and he would get them food, which they
accepted. After about three miles of a hard walk in the
woods, they reached a cabin where he built a good fire and
gave them plenty of corn bread and bacon. After this he
took them into the woods where they remained dux'ing the
25th.

The guide returned in the evening with some food and
led them a few miles. This night they ran into two
foraging trains in camp and barely escaped capture. Later
in the night they were walking along a road, when a body
of cavalry galloped along aed they had scarcely time to
get into the woods and hide. They were nearing Dinwiddie
and great caution was necessary. Turning down over a
bank they came to Stony Creek, and were alarmed by the
voices of guards who were guarding the bridge over that
stream. They left the place and hid in the woods. During

152 THE READER FAMILY.

the 2Gtli they were greatly exposed, many persons passing
close to the place in which they were secreted. After dark
they crossed Stony Creek and secured a black who gave
them something to eat, the last food they had except some
green apples, until they reached General Meade's head-
quarters. The black guided them around Dinwiddle,
leaving the garrison in the rear, where he left them.

They entered a dense woods and toward morning were
startled by a shrill cry that caused the hair to rise on their
heads. It was the cry of the wild cat, and in that lonely
forest it was alarming and especially as they had no
weapons of defence. It followed them until daylight,
though no attempt was made to attack them. The next
night they were followed by it or another one, and then
this annoyance ceased.

During the night of the 28th they had one exciting event
after another. Anderson went to the house of some whites
and representing himself as a Confederate, learned all
about the location of the Confederate troops in that vicinity.
There were tbree camps of cavalry one of which was near
Reams' Station, the extreme right wing of Lee's army.
Leaving here they were passing through a swamp when
they were challenged by Confederate pickets, and had the
utmost difficulty in avoiding capture, only the darkness and
the heavy woods saving them. Tramping to reach the
Weldon railroad they were startled by bugle calls, and
found themselves in full view of a cavalry camp, the forces
in motion, and soon were almost in the grasp of the Con-
federates, but in the confusion again escaped. They
cautiously moved forward toward the road, now on hands

FRANCIS READER. 153

and feet, and again for a few yards on tlioir feet, until they
heard the rumbliuig of a train, and they lay down in a
patch of corn until the train had passed them. Then with a
rush to the road they crossed its tracks and disappeared in
the darkness of the forest, eluding the guards, and rejoiced
that deliverance was near at hand.

The 29th, was the most exciting day so far. They lay
all day within a short distance of a cavalry camp, whose
bugle calls grated harshly on their ears. Soldiers were
close to them all day and a move on their part meant cap-
ture. Sleep was out of the question and hunger was for-
gotten. When welcome darkness came they hurried from
the place, avoiding the guards. Crossing through a dense
wood they stopped near a house, and Sweet determined to
have something to eat at the risk of his life. As he entered
one door of the house a Confederate soldier went out of
another. The pickets were too close for comfort and they
continued their weary tramp in the woods. A little further
along a squad of cavalry compelled them to hunt cover.
Sooui a house was reached and rhey asked the white
inmates how far it was to their picket line, representing
themselves as Confederate soldiers, and learned that the
pickets of the two armies were watching each other about
two and one half miles away. They then went into a thick
part of the woods and camped for the day. They were in
a good sleep but were awakened early by the thunder of
the guns at Petersburg.

The 30th was their deliverance but it was a day of
doubt and fear. Early in the day they heard a field gun in
the front of the woods, followed by others growing louder

(1 H

154 THE READER FAMILY.

and louder, and later on the spiteful bark of the carbine
was heard. Running forward they saw that fighting was
in progress, and not caring for trouble they followed the
woods to the right. After walliing for perhaps two miles,
they came to an open place where they could see the con-
tending forces in a brislv cavalry fight, one side falling back
to the woods they had left but could not tell to which army
they belonged. They went under the cover of some bushes
to watch, when a company of cavalry galloped down a road
past them, in the direction of the woods they had left, so
covered with dust that they could not be recognized. Penni-
man went near the road to watch for them, and presently
the company came back, and out of the dust the blue of
some of the uniforms showed. Jumping to his feet and
waving his hat, Penniman called out, "Come on boys, thank
God we are safe." Instantly a score of carbines were
leveled at them, when they called out to the troops, "don't
fire, we are escaping Federal soldiers," and every carbine
fell to its place, and the hungry, weary escaping prisoners
were safe beneath the authority of the Stars and Stripes.

They were taken to General Meade's headquarters near
Petersburg, and bountifully fed and cared for, so much so
that Reader became very sick, not recovering for some
months, rendering him unfit for further military service.
He was then sent to Wheeling, W. Ya., and discharged
from the service August 9, 1864, dating from July 28, 1864,
being in active service for three years and eighteen days.

v^.'Ai^""^'

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