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Somersetshire

Archaeological SP Natura1 History
Society.

PROCEEDINGS

DURING THE YEAR, 1897.

VOL. XLIII.

The Council of the Somersetshire Archaeological and Natural
History Society desire that it should be distinctly understood that
although the volume of PROCEEDINGS is published under their
direction, they do not hold themselves in any way responsible for
any statements or opinions expressed therein ; the authors of the
several papers and communications being alone responsible.

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

Jsomersetsjrire

FOR THE YEAR 1897.

VOL. XLIII.

BARNICOTT AND PEARCE, FORE STREET

MDCCCXCVII.

617270

BARNICOTT AND PEARCE
TAUNTON

PREFACE.

THE thanks of the Society are due to Mr. W. H. Hamilton
Rogers for supplying the whole of the illustrations to his
paper ; to the Rev. Dr. Penny, R.N., for " Blackmore Farm,"
of which interesting house there is no illustration among those
in the Pigott collection ; to Dr. Nicholls, of Langport, for
kindly taking the excellent photograph of Othery, from which
our picture is taken ; to Mr. Charles Tite for pointing out
where Hugo's " Athelney " was to be found; and to Rev.
E. H. Bates and Rev. D. LI. Hayward for much help most
kindly rendered.

F. w. w.
December, 1897.

[The view of Blackmore is from a photograph by Hosier, of Bridgwater.]

CONTENTS.

PART I.— PROCEEDINGS.

PAGE

FORTY-NINTH Annual General Meeting (Bridgwater) 1

Report of the Council ... ... ... ... 2

Treasurer's Accounts ... ... ... ... 7

Somerset Record Society ... .., ... 10

President's Address ... ... ... ... 11

St. Mary's Church, Bndgwater ... ... ... 15

Admiral Blake's House ... ... ... 19

The Castle ... ... ... ... ... 19

Afternoon Meeting ... ... ... ... 20

Evening Meeting — Papers and Discussions ... ... 21

The Life and Times of Robert Blake ... ... 21

Blake's Charities (Mr. W. L. Winterbotham) ... "22
An Inventory of Church Plate in South-East Somer-
set (Rev. E. H. Bates) ... ... ... 24

THURSDAY.

Excursion —

Stoke Courcy Church ... ... ... ... 24

Stoke Courcy Castle ... ... ... ... 27

Dodington Manor House ... ... ... 28

Nether Stowey Castle ... ... ... ... 29

Quantock Lodge ... ... ... ... 35

Spaxton Church ... .. ... ... 35

Blackmore Manor Farm ... ... ... 38

Cannington Church ... ... ... ... 38

Vll

FRIDAY.

Excursion — PAGE

Chedzoy Church ... ... ... ... 41

Westonzoyland Church ... .. ... 43

Middlezoy ... ... ... ... ... 46

Othery Church ... ... ... ... 48

Boroughbridge ... ... ... ... 49

Lyng ... ... ... ... ... 51

North Petherton Church ... ... ... 52

The Local Museum ... ... ... ... 54

Additions to the Society's Museum and Library ... 58

PART II.— PAPERS, ETC.

Huyshe ; of Lod-huish and Doniford in Somerset and
of Sand in Devon — by W. H. Hamilton Rogers,
F.S.A .. 1

The Life of Admiral Robert Blake, stripped of
Legendary Matter — by Professor Montagu Burrows,
M.A. ... ... ... ... ... 45

The Alien Priory of Stoke Courcy — by the Rev. W.

H. P. Grreswell, M.A ... ... ... 62

The Horsey Family— by John Batten, F.S.A. ... 84

Athelney Abbey — by the late Rev. Thomas Hugo,

I F.S.A 94
A Photographic Survey of the County of Somerset-
by C. H. Bothamley, F.I.C., F.C.S., F.R.P.S. ... 166
An Inventory of Church Plate in South-East Somerset
—by Rev. E. H. Bates, M.A. ... ... ... 172
Obituary ... ... ... ... ... 232
Officers, Members, and Rules ... ... ... 234

Vlll

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Blackmore Farm, Cannington ... ... Frontispiece

Brass in Middlezoy Church ... ... Part i 47

Low Side Window, Othery ... ... „ 48

Sand, Sidbury, Devon ... ... ... Part ii 1

Heraldry in the Windows of the Hall at Sand

(2 plates) ... ... ... ... „ 32

Shield over the Garden Gateway at Sand ... „ 33
Arms on the Summer House in the Garden at

Sand ... ... ... ... „ 34

Arms from the Hall Window at Sand ... „ 44

Portrait of Admiral Blake .- ... „ 45

Church Plate— Types of Chalices (2 plates) „ 172

„ Yarlington Cup ... ... „ 187

Pilton Paten 207

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

SOMERSETSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND
NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY

DURING THE YEAR
l897.

THE forty-ninth annual meeting of the Society was held
in the Town Hall, Bridgwater, on Wednesday, August
4th. Mr. H. D. SKRINE, a former president of the Society,
opened the meeting by introducing Mr. E. J. STANLEY, M.P.,
as their President. He said he had no difficulty in doing so,
because he felt that the acquaintance that he had had with
Mr. Stanley gave him the privilege of saying that that gentle-
man was likely to be a good President of the Society. He
took a great interest in all matters connected with its neigh-
bourhood, historic and otherwise ; and living, as he did, near
the Quantocks he was imbued with the history of that part.
As a legislator, Mr. Stanley was a straightforward, loyal sup-
porter of the Constitution and Church and State, and one of
those men that certainly ought to be the legislators to guide
the course of this great Empire.

Mr. STANLEY, M.P., who was received with applause,
thanked the meeting heartily for the honour they had con-
ferred upon him, but said he should defer any observations he
had to make to a later time, when it was usual for the President
to make some remarks.

Vol. XLII1 (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part I. A

Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

Lieut.-Col. BRAMBLE, F.S.A., Hon. Gen. Sec., then pre-
sented the annual report as follows :

"Your Committee beg to present their forty-ninth animal
report.

" During the year forty-seven new names have been added
to your list of members. On the other hand the loss by
deaths and resignations has been twenty, leaving a net gain
of twenty-seven members. The number is 604, as against 577
at the date of our last report. A County Society, numbering
some 600 members, can undoubtedly claim a leading posi-
tion, but there are still many names which your Committee
would desire to see enrolled amongst their members, and they
have to express the hope of a still further increase during the
ensuing year.

" The debit balance on the Society's General Account has
during the year been reduced from £20 Os. 8d. to £9 6s. 9d.

" The cost of the volume of Proceedings was £77 16s. 5d., as
against £108 12s. 6d. last year, and £192 4s. od. in the pre-
vious year.

" The debit balance of last year on the Castle Restoration
Fund has now been reduced to £44 11s. 9d.

" Your Committee regret to state that the ' Castle House '
still remains void.

"During the year ending 31st December, 1896, the number
of visitors to the Museum was 4,610, as against 4,964 in 1895.

" The Index to Collirison's History is making satisfactory
progress. Upwards of one hundred pages have been already
printed.

" The Committee have pleasure in announcing that Mr.
F. T. Elworthy has prepared, and kindly placed at their dis-
posal, a full and complete Index to volumes XXI-XL of the
Society's Proceedings. An index to the first twenty volumes
w^as issued some years ago : the Proceedings are therefore now

Report of the Council. 3

indexed up to the end of the year 1894. This index now in
the press, will be issued to subscribers at 5s. per copy.

" The Bibliography of the county, prepared some years since
by Mr. Emanuel Green, F.S.A., is also in the press, and will
be issued to subscribers at £2 12s. 6d. per copy.

" Subscribers to all or any of these publications are earnestly
solicited.

" A deed has been prepared for the purpose of formally
carrying out the appointment of new trustees made at the last
annual meeting, and is now in course of signature.

" The additions to the library during the current year have
been numerous and important. At the suggestion and on the
application of your Hon. Sec., the Rev. F. W. Weaver, the
Deputy-Keeper of the Public Records has forwarded twenty-one
volumes of the publications of the Record Office in exchange for
a complete set of the Society's Proceedings. Mr. John Batten,
F.S.A., past president and one of your trustees, a staunch
supporter of your Society, has presented a complete set of
annual reports of the Deputy-Keeper of the Public Record
Office, the Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society, 1839 to
1895, and other volumes. About fifty monographs on Natural
History and antiquarian subjects have been received from
the Royal University of Upsala, in exchange for a number of
volumes of the Society's Proceedings. Numerous other volumes
have been received by exchange, purchase, and donation.

" Your Society has been fortunate during the past year in
losing few members by death ; but amongst the number they
deeply regret to record that of Mr. Edmund Chisholm-Batten,
for a very long series of years one of your most active sup-
porters and a constant attendant at the meetings of your
Committee, where he frequently occupied the chair. The fol-
lowing resolution of sympathy has been passed and communi-
cated to the family : ' That this Committee desires to put on
record an expression of its great regret at the loss of Mr.
Edmund Chisholm-Batten, whose keen interest in the work of

4 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

our Society made him a most useful member of the Council
and a pleasant and instructive companion at our Annual
Meetings : and whose well-informed mind has enriched the
volumes of our Proceedings with many valuable and interesting
Papers. It would also express its hearty sympathy with his
sons and daughters in their natural sorrow on account of the
departure from amongst them of so good and honoured a
father.'

The late Sir Augustus Wollaston Franks, K.C.B., F.R.S.,
President of the Society of Antiquaries, was a member of
your Society, and his death is a severe loss to the country
generally as well as to the special pursuits with which his
name is particularly identified.

" In their last report your Committee suggested that the
annual meeting in 1898, when your Society will have entered
upon the fiftieth year of its existence, should be held at Taunton,
its head-quarters and birthplace, and that a strong and well-
organised effort should be made on that occasion to provide
a fund for the repair and preservation — not restoration — of
the Castle. The numerous festivities which have marked the
current year have rendered it undesirable, well-nigh impossible,
that any steps should be taken in the direction indicated. Now
it is time that the matter should be taken seriously into con-
sideration, and your Committee trust that every member will
do his or her best to render the Archaeological Week of 1898
a complete success."

Mr. H. HOBHOUSE, M.P., in moving the adoption of the
report, said he thought they would all agree with him that on
the whole it was a very satisfactory document and one that
they could adopt without hesitation. It showed that there
had been a steady increase of members during the past year,
and also, what was still more satisfactory, a steady decrease
of the various deficits on the various funds. What was more,
the report showed that the work of the Society — its permanent
work as apart from the more temporary interest and satis-

Report of the Council. 5

faction of the annual meetings — was being steadily carried on.
They had a record of progress in various most important though
laborious pieces of work, such as the indexing of Collinson's
History and their whole Proceedings^ and the publication of that
most valuable Bibliography of Mr. Emanuel Green's. Then
they had had several important records of parishes. Mr. Han-
cock had brought out an interesting monograph on the parish of
Selworthy, and Mr. Trask was engaged in writing a ' History
of Norton-sub-Hamdon,' and there might be others. They had
a Record Society steadily at work, increasing its valuable and
interesting volumes year by year ; and in all these ways they
had continual accretions going on towards that great work,
which, he sincerely hoped, would not be long delayed — a new
and complete and satisfactory History of the County of
Somerset. If there were any part of the Society's work to
which full justice was not being done he thought it was the
Natural History section. He thought there was a very inter-
esting contribution to it a year or two ago in a Flora of the
county, but he thought more might be done towards elucidating
and introducing practical interest in the very varied and re-
markable geological formations which prevailed throughout
that county. He hoped that at every yearly meeting there
would be some one member with a practical acquaintance of
the subject who would be selected to inform the audience on
the most striking* features of the natural history of the district.
With regard to their place of meeting that year, he would like
to say that he and others who were present at the last meeting
at Sherborne, rather suggested that this year the meeting
should take place at Glastonbury. Their wishes had not been
carried out exactly in the form they were expressed ; but
yesterday they had a very remarkable meeting of a very dis-
tinctive archaeological character at Glastonbury, and he recom-
mended every member of that Society to read the address of
the Bishop-elect of Bristol, which was delivered within those
suggestive and venerable ruins yesterday afternoon, and which

6 Forty -ninth Annual Meeting.

struck him at the time as a discourse most suitable to be
delivered to the members of the Archaeological Society, as well
as to that larger and more august audience to which it was
actually delivered. He dared say it was partly on account of
that great gathering of bishops that it was thought better
that the Society should meet at Bridgwater that day. It was
twenty years ago, he thought, that that Society last met at
Bridgwater. He had cast his eye over their Proceedings at
that time, and he was somewhat painfully struck with the great
gaps made during the last twenty years in the ranks of the
leading men of that Society, by death and other causes. He
had no doubt their President would say something on the sub-
ject, but they could not but remember with regret that twenty
years ago they had there such great authorities as Mr. Free-
man, Bishop Clifford, Mr. Dickinson and others, who were
now no longer amongst them. They were glad to see such
veterans as Mr. Skrine there that day ; and they found that
the permanent Secretaries of the Society had been replaced
by such very active, useful, and comparatively young members
as Lieut. -Col. Bramble and Mr. Weaver. Next year the
Society would, as the report had stated, hold its Jubilee at
Taunton. They had heard a great deal of Jubilee, perhaps,
recently and during the last ten years, but he hoped that as
the report recommended, some effort would be made during
the next twelve months to clear off the debt on the Taunton
Castle Fund, to put it in a proper position to do justice to what
was, after all, a most important possession of the Society ; and
generally on the question of funds he thought that in a com-
paratively large and wealthy county, with such interesting and
extensive archaeological associations, all their funds ought to
be placed, at any rate by the conclusion of the Jubilee year,
on a perfectly satisfactory basis.

The Rev. E. H. BATES seconded the motion. He dwelt
upon the fact that works relating to local history were now
being produced in very considerable numbers, and said this

Report of the Council. 7

showed a general and well-founded interest in the history of
the county. He had everywhere been astonished at the amount
of interest shown in the antiquities of the county, and they
found antiquities in almost every village. They should try to
utilise this wave of antiquarianism which had spread over the
county in the production of a new history. The more one read
Collinson the more one felt how inadequate he was. The
motion was adopted.

In the absence of the Treasurer (Mr. H. J. BADCOCK),
Lieut.-Col. BRAMBLE read the financial statement :

'g Account

The Treasurer in Account with the Somersetshire Archaeological and Natural
History Society, from January 1st to December 31st, 1896.

DR.

CR.

1896.

s. d.

1895, Dec. 31ft. £

By Members' Entrance Fees.

5 0

To Balance of former Account ... 20

„ Members' Subscriptions in arrear

,, Expenses attending Annual

1 lor the year 1893 ...
3 for the year 1894 ...

0 1C 6
1 11 6

Meeting at Sherborne ... 10
,, Expenses of Removal of the relics

13 for the year 1895 ...

6 16 6

of a British Burial from Ex-

18 6

moor 3

„ Members' Subscriptions (509) for

„ Stationery. Printing, &c. ... 13

1896

267

3 6

„ Typewriting Index to " Collin-

„ Members' Subscriptions

'in ad-

son " ... ... 5

vance, 19 for 1897
,, Non-Members' Excursion Tickets

19 0
15 0

„ Typewriting Index to " Proceed-
ings," vols. 21 to 25 0

,, Museum Admission Fees.

1 3

„ Purchase of Books, Specimens,

„ Sale of Publications

6 8

&c ... . . 3

„ Donation per Rev. S. O
Balance

Baker

0
9

10 6
6 9

Cases, Fittings, Repair*, &c.
Coal and Gas

. 21
18

3
5

Printing and Binding vol. 41
Balance of Postage of vol. 41

'. 94
1

18
19

Postage on Account of vol. *2

. 8

Illustrations, vol. 41

. 3

Illustrations, vol. 42

. 5

Curator's Salary, one year,

Christmas', 1896

. 105

Errand Boy

. 9

Insurance

. 8

Rates and Taxes

. 14

Subscriptions to Societies

. 8

Postagp, Carriage, &c. ...

. 8

H£

Sundries

°2

364

6 2

£364

H. J. BADCOCK,

Tieasurer.

July 28th, 1897. Examined and compared with the vouchers I W. M. KELLY,

and Bank Book, and found correct. j J. E. W. WAKEFIELD.

Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

{taunton Cattle Kegtoratiott jfunti,

Treasurer's Account from 1st January to 31st December, 1896.

RECEIPTS.
1896.

By Rents of Premises .....
„ Rents of Castle Hall
Balance ...

EXPENDITURE.

£ s. d.

1895, Dec. 31st.

s. d.

.. 44 17 3

To Balance

11 9

.. 42 11 0
.. 44 11 9

,, Repairs to Property
,, Commission on letting House,

5 7

Legal, &c.

5 6

„ Rates and Taxes

16 9

Gas

8 9

„ Castle Hall Expenses and Sun-

dries

7 0

„ Insurance

6 6

„ Interest on overdrawn Account

18 2

£132 0 0

132

0 0

H, J. BADCOCK,

Treasurer.

July 28th, 1897. Examined and compared with the vouchers ) W. M. KELLY,

and Bank Book, and found correct. J J. E. W. WAKEFIELD.

Prebendary BULLER. of North Curry, in moving the adop-
tion of the accounts, mentioned that just about that time a
most interesting ceremony was taking place at Wells Cathe-
dral in the unveiling of a monument to one of their most re-
spected ex-Presidents — the greatly-beloved late Bishop, Lord
Arthur Charles Hervey. The only thing that could have
prevented his being present at that function at Wells was
the fact that that day was also the annual gathering of their
Society, and his being there would be taken as a proof of his
loyalty to the Society. He anticipated very great pleasure
from their annual meeting this year, first because it was being
held near where he had spent forty-seven years of his life, and
secondly because it was under the presidency of his valued
friend, Mr. Stanley. They were to hear some interesting ad-
dresses later on, and he anticipated a good meeting this year.

Mr. C. TITE seconded the resolution, and trusted that next
year they would be able to do something on the lines sug-
gested by Mr. Hobhouse, and improve considerably the con-
dition of the Society financially. The resolution was carried.

The Rev. G. S. MASTER proposed the re-election of the
Vice-Presidents, Treasurer, Hon. Gen. and Local Secretaries

Report of the Council. 9

(being members of the Society), with the substitution on the
latter of Mr. F. T. Elworthy and the Eev. Preb. Askwith for
Major Foster and the Rev. W. S. Tomkins ; with Mr. W.
Bidgood as Curator and Assistant Secretary.

The Rev. E. L. PENNY seconded the motion, which was
adopted.

The Rev. JEFFERY WORTHINGTON proposed that the
arrangements for the next meeting and the selection of the
President for next year should be left in the hands of the
Committee. He said that Avith regard to the place of meeting
he thought they had for several years looked forward to the
meeting of 1898 being held in Taunton, as in that year they
would celebrate the Jubilee of their Society, and he hoped it
would be most successfully carried out. He was quite certain
that friends at Taunton would give a very hearty welcome
to the Society, and that they would make the meeting as prolific
of funds as of interest. He could not help recurring for the
moment to the remark of Mr. Hobhouse with regard to those
who had passed from them, and they would miss at Taunton
the late Mr. Chisholm Batten, who would have been an ex-
cellent member of the Executive Committee had he been
spared until next year.

Mr. E. A. FRY seconded the motion, which was carried.

The Rev. F. W. WEAVER proposed the election of thirty-
four new members of the Society.

Lieut.-Col. BRAMBLE seconded the proposal, and said he
was very pleased with the increase which the Society was
making. Some of the large societies which extended over the
whole of the country thought they had done well when they
had 400 members, but the Somersetshire Society had 600,
and he hoped that when they held their Jubilee meeting at
Taunton next year they would have a still larger number.
They had a valuable property in Taunton Castle — a more
valuable property, he thought, than any other Archaeological
Society in England ; and as they had a large building they

Vol. XL11I (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part I. B

10 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

were in honour bound to fill it with a large library and a large
museum. This was a matter for the whole of the county, and
not for Taunton only. They should make Taunton Castle an
honour to the county. The proposal was adopted.

Kecotn %ocietp,

The Eev. F. W. WEAVER read a letter from the Rev. Preb.
Holmes, Vicar of Wookey, Wells, who expressed regret that
he was unable to be present, Mr. Weaver remarking that he
was kept away by the ceremony at Wells. Preb. Holmes
gave a short account of the proceedings of the Somerset
Record Society, and mentioned that early in the autumn a
volume of Somerset Assize Rolls, edited by Mr. Chadwyck-
Healey, Q.C., would be published, and it was likely to be of
great interest. Mr. Weaver said that some time ago the
Town Clerk of Bridgwater kindly afforded him an opportunity
of looking over the accounts of the Churchwardens of Bridg-
water, which dated back to 1368, and were of a most valuable
and interesting character. They were magnificently written
and in a splendid state of preservation. They must have been
kept in a peculiarly dry place. They often found that the
old papers in Somerset were ruined by damp, owing to the
humidity of the atmosphere, which was good for pastures and
cattle, but bad for old documents. He hoped the meeting
would result in the publication of the accounts. The Mayor
and Corporation would naturally not allow them to go out of
their custody, and the work of copying and preparation would
therefore have to be done by a resident of Bridgwater. There
were ancient accounts at Stogursey, which some years ago Sir
Alexander Hood was kind enough to lend him. He copied
them out and wrote a paper thereon.

The President's Address. 11

Cf)e ptesiDent'0

Mr. STANLEY said it was the custom of the Society that he
whom they honoured by electing President for the year should
address a few observations to them on such points of the archaeo-
logical or other questions of the district as he might think desir-
able to bring to their notice. He must thank them, after twenty
years, for having again invited him to become their President.
On the first occasion he had to send an excuse to the Society,
and he did it with great regret, although the circumstance
which obliged him to be absent was one which he knew would
give him great happiness, which had continued ever since.
He had read as much as he had been able of the different
opinions of different people regarding the antiquities of the
neighbourhood, and he was sorry to find the opinion of one
who said that they were not many in number and had been
frequently described at great length. He did not think that
was right, and he thought he could point out several features
of special interest which were not included in their list of
tours for the next three days. He believed they would find
that the Natural History department had not been very much
considered by the Society, and there were several quarries
near Quantock Lodge which were of an interesting character.
He had the authority of so well-known a geologist as Sir
Roderick Murchison for stating that the quarry of green stone
of which Quantock Lodge was built was of very great interest.
Most people who saw the house considered that it was built
of green sandstone ; but it was not so, for the stone used was a
highly igneous rock which took a polish, and the party visiting
Quantock Lodge on the next day would see a table of the
polished stone. The late Rev. Mr. Lance, of Buckland St.
Mary, had had some columns of the stone polished, with
which he decorated his beautiful church which was still being
adorned and beautified. There was another large quarry near
Adscombe, in which the stone alternated very largely, and it

12 Forty -ninth Annual Meeting.

contained building-stone, and limestone, which when burnt
produced lime as well as polished marble. From this quarry
a large chimney-piece for Dunster Castle was carved for Mr.
Luttrell.

Another object of interest was a cave at Holwell, which had
never been thoroughly explored. There was a little difficulty
in the exploration, inasmuch as to make further progress one
had to crawl upon the knees, and as the ground was rather
wet people shrank from further explorations. Some day,
however, it might be completed, and it was rather curious that
in a limestone district like the Quantocks it should be the
only cavern of which they had any knowledge. There were
also in the district the remains of the workings of upper mines,
as he knew to his cost, because after heavy rains the soil fell
in and he had to send several cartloads of soil to fill up. In
addition there were a number of marble quarries to which a
certain interest attached. If they had time on the next day
some might like to visit the quarry from which the stone of
Quantock Lodge was obtained. Sir Roderick Murchison had
expressed the opinion that it was igneous rock from very near
the crater of a volcano ; but he reassured those to whom he
told that, by saying that it was not likely that the volcano
would break out again in the same place. There was one
portion of their Natural History in which he would like to
destroy a fallacy. There was a general belief that, as on Ex-
moor, which had been a Royal forest from time immemorial, so
in the Quantocks red deer had been for centuries. These
beautiful animals, however, were claimed to have been first
turned out on the Quantocks by Mr. C. E. J. Esdaile's father,
and this was confirmed by Lord Ebrington.*

* The Rev. W. Greswell has shown in a letter to The Somerset County
Gazette, dated August 7th, 1897, that there were red deer on the Quantocks
in early times. He writes, " Leland travelled through the Quantock country
on one of his journeys (1538-40). Coming to Nether Stowey, he notices that
here was a goodly manor house of the Lord Audley, who had a park of redde
deere and another of fallow."

Mr. Greswell also brings forward evidence to prove that a large portion of
this part of Somerset was accounted "forest " from Domesday downwards.— ED.

The President's Address.

Speaking of Admiral Blake's connection with Bridgwater,
he said a large number of the Blake family from America and
elsewhere often came to Plainsfield Farm to see a chimney-
piece there, on which were carved the letters " E. B."; but the
date 1668 or 1663 showed they were placed there long after the
Admiral's death. What was the meaning of the initials would
be an interesting question to solve. Then, again, in Over
Stowey Church, in front of the Communion table, there was
the tombstone of "Humphrey Blake, clothier, died 1619,"
while they knew that Humphrey Blake, the Admiral's father,
lived to a later date. He had known the clergy a good deal
worried by descendants of the Blake family for particulars
as to the relations of the Admiral. One, after getting a copy
of the register, wrote to know if any of the family had been
omitted, and the clergyman wrote back saying he had for-
gotten to mention one Edward Blake, who was put in the
stocks.

An interesting question which had come rather prominently
before them of late years was the great part which ladies
took in holding property in that neighbourhood. As to
his own position he had himself bought a few farms, but the
great mass of the Quantock Lodge estate belonged to his wife.
Then close by at Brymore they all remembered the fact of
Miss Hales leaving that property to Mr. Bouverie's grand-
father ; while the large estate of Fairfield descended to Sir
Peregrine Acland's daughter. Further on there was Crow-
combe Park, which belonged to the wife of Mr. Trollope ; and
next there was Mrs. Bisset, of Bagborough, and long might
she continue to enjoy the beautiful property which she owned.
A little further on was the Tetton property, which came to
the Earl of Carnarvon's family by marriage with one of the
Aclands, and which had previously come to the latter by
marriage with the Dykes. Then there was the Portman pro-
perty, which came to the Berkeley family by a marriage with
the heiress of the Portmans. Pixton Park also came to

14 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

Lord Carnarvon through marriage with an Acland. Further
west they met with the extraordinary fact of the Dunster
Castle estate having been sold only once since the Conquest,
and then by a womam to a woman. It was given to Lord
de Mohun by William the Conqueror. One of the Lords
de Mohun was known as Earl of Somerset, and the wife of
a later owner, who had great influence over him, got him
to leave the property to the Archbishop of Canterbury and
others, who were to do with it as Lady Mohun desired. She
desired them to make the property over to her, and then, re-
taining the use of it to herself for life, she sold it for a sum
of money to Lady Elizabeth Luttrell, who had three daugh-
ters— the Duchess of York, the Countess of Salisbury, and
Lady Strange of Knockyn. The Duchess of York and the
Countess of Salisbury died without issue, and Lady Strange,
of Knockyn, carried on the line. On the death of Lady de
Mohun legal proceedings were taken, and an almost unprece-
dented thing occurred, for the House of Commons petitioned
the Crown that it should be tried at bar. This was probably
claimed on account of the influence of the Duchess of York,
one of the claimants. The trial was ordered to take place at
Ilchester, but he knew no record of the result, although the
property remained with Lady Elizabeth's son. He (Mr.
Stanley) was directly descended from Lord and Lady Strange,
of Knockyn, and it was rather interesting to find himself
settled in Somerset for twenty-five years, and then after all to
find himself to be a Somerset man. There were other proper-
ties held in the same way. Halswell, for instance, came to
the present worthy owners through an heiress ; while an inter-
esting fact was that the first document he ever signed as a
Somerset magistrate was one brought to him by Mrs. Farthing,
who was churchwarden of Dodington.

The MAYOR proposed a vote of thanks to Mr. Stanley for
the very able and attractive address he had given them on
that occasion. He was sure they must have listened to it

St. Mary*s Church, Bridgwater. 15

with a vast amount of interest and pleasure. He (the Mayor)
hoped time would enable them to visit the quarries alluded to
by Mr. Stanley, for they were a very instructive and inter-
esting feature of the neighbourhood.

The Right Hon. J. W. MELLOR, Q.C., M.P., seconded.
He said there was no one better qualified than Mr. Stanley to
preside over them. He (Mr. Mellor) had known Mr. Stanley
for many years, but that gentleman had never previously told
him that he was of Somerset descent. He was very glad in-
deed to hear that Mr. Stanley was a Somerset man, as that
would give additional interest in the proceedings. The vote
was adopted with acclamation.

The CHAIRMAN briefly acknowledged the compliment, and
this closed the meeting.

The members then attended a

luncheon,

hospitably given to the Society by the Mayor of Bridgwater
(Mr. M. C. Else).

sharp's Cfwrcb,

After luncheon the company paid a visit to St. Mary's
Church, an interesting description of which was given by Mr.
EDMUND BUCKLE. He said it was quite impossible to look
at the church with any attention at all without feeling what
an important place Bridgwater was in olden times. The
church was really larger than it gave one the impression of
being, and he believed that it seated something like 1,300
people. It was not surprising that Bridgwater should require
a church of that size now, but it was really suprising that as
far back as they could go there appeared to have been as large
a church as the present one. There was nothing of Norman
work left ; but the foundations of the Early English building
extended all the way round the north aisle, and along the end
of the north transept. That appeared to make it plain that

16 Forty -ninth Annual Mcetiny.

in the thirteenth century there was a cruciform church, with
aisles and nave of the same width as the existing ones. Mr.
BUCKLE then pointed out the great width of the building across
the nave and aisles, and remarked that in the thirteenth cen-
tury it would have been unusual to find so wide a church. In
the time of King John there was founded a hospital of
Augustinian Canons in Bridgwater, and the church was appro-
priated to these canons, who served it partly themselves and
partly by a secular chaplain. The only serious additions to
the size of the church made since the thirteenth century, ap-
peared to be the filling out of the space between the transepts
and the north and south porches, and additions at the east end.
The two side chapels were probably added later, and the chancel
carried at least one bay further east than it was at the time of
that Early English church. Mr. BUCKLE pointed out the early
niches for monuments in the north aisle wall and also the piece
of thirteenth century work in the north door, which, however,
was not in situ. The tracery between the lintel and the arch
marked the date at which this doorway was rebuilt in its
present position in the outer wall of the north porch. Very
little alteration had taken place in the general appearance of
the church, except as regarded the removal of the cross arches
from the centre of the church and the raising of the nave.
The windows were of all sorts of dates. There were Geometri-
cal windows, Decorated windows, and windows with reticulated
tracery. In the north aisle they found the internal arch of
the old windows remaining, whilst the windows themselves had
Perpendicular tracery inserted all through. The arches of
the Perpendicular arcade varied a great deal in width, and
the capital of one pair of pillars dropped down quite a foot
below the others. Another remarkable fact was that the
clerestory windows were not over the arches but over the
pillars. The old rood screen was now utilised as side-choir
screens, and a remarkable thing was that in olden time there
was in front of the rood screen another screen some six or

St. Mary^s Church, Bridyivater. 17

eight feet forward. This was a Jacobean screen, which now
formed the front of the Corporation pew, and the mayor and
corporation seemed to have been provided with stalls, placed
between the two screens. Altogether the church, must have
been wonderfully rich in carved work, because the whole of
the front of the stall work in the chancel was filled out with
panels of ancient carved work. The pulpit was a pretty one,
of Perpendicular date, and formerly stood against one of the
pillars down the nave. Mr. BUCKLE spoke of the arrange-
ment of the squint from the north porch. The view of the
high altar from this porch was obtained by a four-light window
opening from the porch into the church, a squint through the
west wall of the transept (which wall has, in 1849, been re-
placed by an arcade), and another squint through the pier of
the chancel arch. The purpose of these squints was generally
supposed to be to provide for lepers. With regard to the
furniture the most conspicuous thing was the picture presented
to the church by Mr. Anne Poulet, who was christened Anne
after Queen Anne, and was at that time member for Bridg-
water. Beyond that fact no history of the picture was known,
but it was generally ascribed to an Italian artist, Annibale
Caracci, of Bologna. There were at one time at least seven
altars in the church, as had been discovered by Mr. Weaver.*
These were the High altar, Trinity altar, Our Lady's altar,
St. George's altar, the Rood altar, St. Katharine's altar, and
St. Sonday's altar, and there appeared also to have been an
altar to St. Erasmus. There was ample room for seven altars,
and there might very well have been more. There were three
chantries— of St. George, Our Lady, and the Holy Trinity,
and there were seven guilds in connection with the church.
All these things pointed to the great richness and importance
of the town. The small arch leading into the tower showed
that at the time it was built there was no clerestory. The
tower was a massive building, consisting almost solely of rubble
* See "Downside Review," December, 1896.

Vol. XLIII (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part I. c

18 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

stone work, without any free-stone where it could be avoided.
Towers of thi^ character prevail in West Somerset and part
of Devon. The tower in contrast to the church showed
poverty, but it had really a remarkable spire, being a great
deal taller than the tower on which it stool, and it gave an
individual character to the appearance of the building.

Lieut.-Col. BRAMBLE spoke of the resemblance between
St. Mary's tower and the tower of old Bedminster church, now
pulled down. As to the roof it was of a style peculiar to
Somerset, which had got to be known as Somerset waggon
roof. There they had a Somerset waggon roof as a nucleus
and a great deal besides.

The Rev. J. E. ODGERS spoke of the ceremonies which
formerly took place in the church between Good Friday and
Easter day. A sepulchre was set up in the church, and
watchers were appointed until the Sunday, when a curtain was
drawn back revealing the figure of the rising Saviour.

Mr. CHARLES MAJOR and Dr. WINTERBOTHAM also spoke.
The latter dissented from the view of Mr. Buckle that the
altar piece belonged to the Italian school. He considered it
was a specimen of the Flemish school. It was said to have
been taken from a privateer, and it had been inspected and
valued by Sir Joshua Reynolds.

It was mentioned that the Corporation annually insured the
picture for £10,000.

The Rev. H. BIRCHAM, vicar, said that the registers were
very interesting indeed, and Mr. Lockyer, the Parish Clerk,
would have great pleasure in showing them the Communion
plate as well. The chancel, he added, did not belong to the
Corporation, they were only lay rectors. With regard to the
picture he did not believe that that belonged to them either.
It had been there many years, and he doubted their having
the slightest power over it, although he did not want to re-
open the question.

The Rev. F. W. WEAVER said the churchwardens' accounts,

Admiral B fake's House. 19

which belonged to the Corporation, went back to 1368, and
were some of the most interesting in the West of England.

aomiral lBlake'0 l£)ou$e,

The party next wended their way to Blake Street, to inspect
what is acknowledged to have been the birth-place of the
famous Admiral Blake. For some years past it has been the
residence of Miss Parker, niece of the late Mr. George Parker,
author of a brief history of Bridgwater, and other works, who
purchased the property in question. Mr. Parker, the present
owner (a nephew of the deceased gentleman), received the party
on their arrival and escorted them through some rooms, and into
a garden at the rear, adjacent to what is locally known as "mill
tail," and referred to as such in Domesday book. It was
admitted that the premises had undergone very extensive
alterations, but there were traces of ancient remains, and in
particular Mr. Parker pointed out those of an old window
and fireplace which undoubtedly constituted a portion of the
original building.

Cfte Castle.

The party next directed their steps to the Western Quay,
and here they were shown the only remaining traces of Bridg-
water Castle, consisting of a massive stone archway, formerly
a portion of an old water gate, this being situate at the entrance
of some bonded cellars in the vicinity of the Custom House.
This was viewed with a good deal of interest, and although no
public observations were offered thereon, several members in-
dulged in a retrospect of recorded events connected with the
siege of Bridgwater and its heroic defence, and expressed
surprise that the castle had been so completely dismantled
that all other traces of it had disappeared.

20 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

afternoon Sheeting.

At 4.30 the members again assembled in the Town Hall, at
a meeting at which papers on local subjects were read and
discussions took place. Mr. E. J. STANLEY, M.P., again
presided.

The PRESIDENT first called upon the Rev. F. W. Weaver,
M.A., to make a statement with regard to the index to Col-
linson's History of Somerset.

The Rev. F. W. WEAVER said the Society was bringing
out in a form uniform with Collinson's History an elaborate
index to the whole of the three volumes. The index had now
reached the letter M, and as Editor, he had received valu-
able help from the Rev. E. H. Bates. Those who used the
index would find it valuable when they wished to see what
Collinson really said. He hoped that those who had not sub-
scribed would give their names to Mr. Bidgood. The price
of the work was fifteen shillings, and he hoped it would soon
be ready.

Mr. HOBHOUSE said they were indebted to the tAvo gentle-
men who had undertaken the work, and appreciation of their
efforts should be shown by purchasing the work.

Mr. C. H. BOTHAMLEY read a paper on a Photographic
Survey of the County of Somerset (see Part II).

Mr. HOBHOUSE thought it was a very proper object for the
Society to take up, but the proper mode of procedure would
be to refer it to the Executive Committee, to see if they would
take it up in conjunction with certain other bodies, and
whether it would be desirable for them to make a small grant to
cover initial expenses. It was clear that no large grant could
be made at present, but Mr. Bothamley had suggested volun-
tary subscribers if sufficient could be found to set the ball
rolling. He would like to know the extent of Mr. Bothamley's
proposition before referring it to the Committee to consider.

Mr. WINTERBOTHAM said if the Society did not see its

The Afternoon Meeting. 21

way to granting any large sum of money, it could give an
expression of opinion that the suggestions thrown out by Mr.
Bothamley were worthy of consideration. They had not the
funds to make themselves a society for the purpose of pro-
tecting national monuments, great and small, in Somerset, but
the idea that they could keep a faithful representation of what
they had before the time of destruction came was one within
their grasp and means, and although the Society might not
feel themselves able to contribute largely, their protection
thrown over the idea would enable it to advance, and many of
them would be glad to form a subsidiary society which would
aid such matters.

The Eev. F. W. WEAVER said there was a valuable col-
lection of photographs of old churches taken by Mr. Gillo,
formerly of Bridgwater, in existence, but they were in pos-
session of a certain firm, which, possibly, would part with them
to the Society for a reasonable sum.

The Rev. J. WORTHINGTON said it was entirely a question
of finance, but if common action were undertaken he felt sure
the Committee and members would support the matter right
heartily.

Mr. BOTHAMLEY did not anticipate that the expenses would
be very large. Mr. Hobhouse wished to know the extent of
his proposition. His suggestion was to first obtain photographs
of domestic objects which were liable to disappear, and after-
wards of those subjects which were less liable to alteration.

The Rev. J. E. ODGERS then read a paper on " The Bridg-
water Academy, 1688-1748."

(ZEtiening; Sheeting.

There was a large gathering at eight o'clock, in the Town
Hall, to listen to a paper by Professor MONTAGU BURROWS,
R.N. (Chichele Professor of Modern History in the University
of Oxford, and Fellow of All Souls' College), entitled " The
Life and Times of Robert Blake" (see Part II).

22 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

The PRESIDENT proposed a vote of thanks to Professor-
Burrows for his paper.

Mr. W. L. WINTERBOTHAM followed with a paper on
"Blake's Charities." He said the few notes he had been able
to make did not mean a history of " Blake's Charity," but he
rather wanted to point out (while Professor Burrows had given
them in his own eloquent language what the Empire owed to
Blake), by just giving them a few items from Blake's will,
what he had done for Bridgwater and its neighbourhood. He
did not regard this subject as important as that which Prof.
Burrows had laid before them, for after all it was a small
thing what a man did for his successors, but it was a great thing
what a man did for the nation. He wished to be an advocate
for a memorial of Blake, whether his likeness was that of a
saint or of a sinner. A memorial that would bring to their
minds the fact that Blake was born, and lived in this place.
Although in obtaining a statue they would wish to go as near
the truth as possible, the ideal did not lie altogether in the
value of the truth, but in what the man did and what he was
to those who were living at the present day. What he had to
say of the past and the connection of Blake with them was to
show how humbly he was one of them ; how his people lived
there because in this world their neighbour was much more
their friend than those who lived at a distance. They had a
close connection with those in their own parish, their own
county, their own country, and although they did not go to
the extent that if a man was not born in the parish they would
have nothing to do with him, they felt more kindly to those
connected with them. Mr. Winterbotham alluded to the will
of Robert Blake (grandfather of the great Admiral), who left
in 1592 lands at Tux well, in Radlett, to William, and to his
son Humphrey lands at Puriton and Crandon. Humphrey
Blake (father) left to the Cathedral church at Wells 5s. ; to
Bridgwater church, 40s. ; to Pawlett church, 20s. ; and to the
poor of Bridgwater, £5. The manor of Puriton and Crandon

The Evening Meeting. 23

was left to the son Robert, and silver salts, silver bowls, and a
dozen of silver spoons with lions' heads. His chattel lease of
lands in Puriton and Htmtspill were left to the son William,
towards his education and charges at Oxford ; reversion and
interest on lands in the manor of Harnp to his son Benjamin ;
the dwelling-house and garden, which the Society had visited
that day in Blake Street, to his sons Robert and Humphrey.
Extracts from the wills of William Blake (Bridgwater) and
Margaret Blake (grandmother), dated respectively 1667 and
1599, showed that the former left £100 to the poor of Bridg-
water, whilst the latter left £10 yearly for the poor, also 20s.
at her burial for the same cause. Various gifts of goods were
made to the almshouses of Bridgwater, and to the almshouses
of Stogursey 5s., to the poor of Spaxton, 10s., the will also
stating, " My late husband, Robert Blake, at his death left
£240 in the hands of Richard Hodges and one Leonard Crosse,
in trust, to pay £20 yearly for my maintenance, and also
appointed that the said £240 should be paid to the Mayor,
Aldermen, etc., of Bridgwater, to be employed by them to
make a yearly gain of £20, to be distributed after rny decease
as follows : £16 yearly to the poor, and the other £4 for the
repairs of the highways near Bridgwater, my son Humphrey
(to whom the same is now assured) to see that this is per-
formed."

By the will of Admiral Robert Blake, dated 1655, he left
to the town of Bridgwater £100 to be distributed amongst the
poor thereof at the discretion of Humphrey Blake, his brother,
and of the Mayor for the time being. To the town of Taunton
he also left £100; to his brother Humphrey the manor of
Taunton and Crandon ; to his brother Benjamin his dwelling-
house in St. Mary Street, and the other house adjoining and
eleven acres of land in the village of Hamp; and to the widow
Owen, of Bridgwater, the relict of Mr. Owen, minister, he
gave £10. Mr. Winterbotham also read an interesting letter
which he had discovered written for the trustees of Blake's

24 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

charity to a descendant on February 2nd, 1736, stating that
they observed by the writings there was left £100 to be laid
out in land for the use of the poor, and that they could not
find above £82 10s. laid out, so they desired the gentleman
written to to be pleased to let them know to which of the
trustees the remaining part of the hundred pounds was paid.
It would be interesting to know where the difference between
the £82 and £100 went. It seemed from all these wills that
Admiral Blake and his family were persons who, by some
means, acquired considerable wealth, and that when they died
they did not forget their native town. Mr. Winterbotham
concluded a highly interesting paper by again expressing a
hope that in a town like that they might soon have a memorial
of the great admiral. It was not every town that could
boast of having a townsman like Admiral Blake, and he
thought they would not only be commemorating the life and
death of a great man, but would be adding to the welfare of
their citizens in the future by putting up in the town an
Admiral Blake statue.

The PRESIDENT also, on behalf of the audience, thanked
Mr. Winterbotham for his interesting paper.

The Rev. E. H. BATES next read a paper of considerable
interest on " An Inventory of Church Plate in South-East
Somerset" (see Part II).

On Thursday the members of the Society had a tour through
the district west of Bridgwater. The party, numbering about
150, left the " Clarence Hotel " in brakes arid carriages at
about 10.30, and drove direct to Stogursey. A visit was first
paid to

^tofee Courcg Cfwrcf)

which is a fine one and possesses many interesting features which
were explained to the members by Mr. E. BUCKLE. He said it

Stoke Convey Church. 25

was a splendid example of Norman work, the tower arches being
examples of the earlier Norman period and the chancel arcades
of the later. There was every indication that the very large
and handsome nave was (in its general outline) of the same date
as the cross arches ; for the west doorway was also of Norman
date and of the same character as these four central arches, and
the great width of the arch across the nave clearly implied that
the nave must always have been as wide as it now is. In the case
of many Norman central towers the nave arch was very small
and narrow, with the result that the chancel was completely
shut off from the nave. Here, however, exactly the contrary
was the case. They would notice that while the arches across
the nave were of this great width, those across the transept
were decidedly narrow, and the form of the tower above was
consequently very oblong. On the outside this irregularity
in the plan of the tower was decidedly conspicuous. He then
pointed out the varying shapes of the arches ; those across the
transepts being stilted, while the chancel arch was struck from
below the level of the capitals, and only the nave arch was a
true semi-circle. This was the way Norman builders had of
getting over the difficulty of arching spaces of different widths ;
they either started the arch above or below the capital. The
carved capitals of the four arches were worthy of attention.
They were unusual examples of great decoration, and were
founded upon a reminiscence of Roman Corinthian capitals.
All this work must be put down to the earlier part of the
Norman period, viz., before 1100, and the font was also of this
early date. Then came a great change, William de Falaise
gave the church to the Benedictine Abbey of Lonley, in Nor-
mandy, and they founded an alien priory here. The choir of
the church was then enlarged by the addition of the side aisles,
which were examples of the work of the twelfth century. There
were two fine arcades on each side of the chancel, and they
were quite of the latest period of Norman work, or rather,
perhaps, of transitional character. On the south side of the

Vol. XL III (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part I. D

26 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

chancel there was a Norman window, which, however, was not
in its original position, but was moved at the time of the res-
toration. While the restoration was in progress, the east wall
was evidently entirely taken down and rebuilt, for it was all
modern. The bases of the side arcades were at a very high
level. He drew attention to the extraordinary number of
steps in the church leading from the nave to the chancel, and
from the chancel to the altar, and remarked that the arrange-
ment of the floor of the transept was clearly not what was in-
tended ; it was now too high and hid the bases of the pillars.
After passing from the Norman work there was nothing of
interest, until the Perpendicular period. The churchwardens'
accounts, dating back to the reigns of Henry VII and
Henry VIII were of great interest, because they showed
that there was about that time much work being done to the
church, the materials being brought from Bristol, landed at
Combwich, and carted to Stoke .Courcy. Practically all the
windows of the church were of the Perpendicular period. He
next alluded to the peculiar position of the rood-loft door,
some feet west of the tower arch, and to a curious arch near,
intended as a recess for a tomb or perhaps to lead to a small
chapel not now existing. The bench-ends, in the centre of the
nave, were principally of the sixteenth century and of English
character, but with some Flemish intermixture. The spire was
an uncommon feature for a church in this district. Under the
south arcade of the chancel, he pointed out a monument of Sir
William Verney, of Fail-field, of the time of Henry VI, the
bases of which had a series of niches all round, containing
figures, and in the cornice over coats of arms of himself, his
mother (Brent), and his wife (Broughton) — the coat of arms
of the Verneys being three ferns, and the crest a panache of
ferns. The plate was well worth looking at and was dated
1712. Collinson stated that there was a painting of Christ
and the Twelve Apostles in the north aisle, and that the north
aisle was dedicated to St. Erasmus. And from Mr. Weaver's

Stoke Courcy Castle. 27

it appeared that there were services of the B.V.M. and
St. Anne, and that the high altar was being painted and gilded
in the years 1533-1535.

The Vicar, the Eev. F. MEADE KING, in the course of a
few observations, called attention to the " cable '" band around
the font and to a curious stone vessel supposed to be an alms
box.

The company afterwards inspected the old registers of the
church and the old communion plate.

From the church the party wended its way to

§>tofce Courcp Castle

the only entrance to which was through the kitchen of the
caretaker's house. As very few of the company knew any-
thing of the history of the castle, Mr. BUCKLE was again
requested to make a few explanatory remarks. He said he
knew very little of the castle himself, but it was stated to
have been fortified by one Falk de Brent in Henry Ill's time,
and it was destroyed by Lord Bonville in the time of Henry
VI. Judging from what remained the building seemed to
belong to Henry Ill's time, or the Edwardian period. It
consisted now of nothing whatever but the moat and a roughly
circular wall with bases of towers at intervals. If it ever was
a habitable dwelling-house there was no trace now in existence
of the domestic buildings. They came in by the front entrance
to the castle over a small bridge, which had evidently replaced
the old drawbridge. It did not appear to him to have ever
been a castle lived in by a great man to any extent, because if
they looked at the small size of the enclosure they would per-
ceive that if they had a number of troops there as well as a
dwelling-house it would render the house very uncomfortable
indeed. In conclusion Mr. BUCKLE alluded to the spring
under an arch in the village, from which even to this day the
inhabitants procured their water supply.

28 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting..

Stoke Courcy, or Stogursey as it is now better known, was
very soon left in the rear, the party proceeding to

DoDington eganor l£)ouse,

an interesting old residence now in the occupation of Mr. Alfred
Berry, who had very kindly given the party permission to in-
spect the place, which, needless to remark, was taken full advan-
tage of. Here again, Mr. BUCKLE'S services were requisi-
tioned. He remarked that first thing that struck them about
the house was the fact that they approached it through the farm
yard. At the top of the farmyard there was another small court-
yard at a higher level, forming a sort of terrace, which enabled
the master of the house to keep an eye on the farm. The prin-
cipal feature of the inside of the house was the small but inter-
esting hall, complete with screens and gallery in spite of its tiny
size. The roof was varied to some extent from the ordinary hall
roof of the fifteen century. There was a tendency for all the
beams to be cut to wavy lines. To a large extent this was
due to the natural curvature of the wood, the carpenter having
cut his timber from bent branches ; but in other cases a wavy
outline had been deliberately given to timber cut from straight
logs. The panels of the roof were all of different shapes, the
carpenter having worked according to the shape of the timber
to hand. The windows were very curious, having Elizabethan
mouldings inside and Gothic outside. The mantelpiece, which
bore the date 1581, was an elaborate piece of stone work, but
of the crudest possible class, and was evidently the work of
some uninstructed country mason. The fireplace was very
like some they found further west : there was one at Dunster
of very much the same crude style of work. Others, however,
were carried out in plaster and not in stone. A small arch led
to the oriel, which formed a quiet room, practically distinct
from the hall, a private parlour for the master of the house.
The withdrawing room at the end of the hall contained some
interesting plaster work, with the Dodington arms worked in

Nether Stowey Castle. 29

at intervals. It was of the sixteenth century, or may be a little
later, but it was a distinctly rough piece of work, giving one
the same idea of the country workman as the rest of the work
throughout the building.

Lieut.-Col. BRAMBLE drew attention to the coat of arms
over the mantelpiece of the hall, and remarked that the third
coat was that of the Trivett family, which were marked on the
old bridge in Bridgwater, which was to a great extent built
by them.

Castle.

The next move was to Nether Stowey to inspect the site of
Stowey Castle, known as Castle Hill. Here the Rev. W. H. P.
GRESWELL, Rector of Dodington, read a paper in which he
stated that the position of Stowey Castle in former days must
have been a strong one naturally, far stronger than the site
of Stoke Courcy Castle. In vol. viii of the Proceedings
of the Society, the Rev. F. Warre considered that this
mound was one of a line of British earthworks held by the
Dumnonii. He ranked it with Rowborough, in the parish of
Broomfield, connected by beacon on Cothelstone with the
earthwork on Norton Fitzwarren, commanding the Tone, and
so on with the strong fortress on Castle Neroche. Castle Hill
Avas the most northerly of them all and overlooked the Parret.

It may be instructive, therefore, to look out for any of the
old features of a British earthwork existing here before the
mound was occupied by a Norman stronghold.

In 1858 the Secretary of the Society announced that he
had discovered the outlines of a Roman Camp on the Quan-
tocks, not far from Ely Green, of which, however, the brief
time allowed to the members for their drive, precluded a closer
examination.

To the west lies the height of Danesbarrow, or Dous-
borough, no doubt, a Belgic fortress originally, and subse-
quently held by the Romans.

30 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

Just here, therefore, at the northern side of the Quantocks
we get two or three distinct strongholds of very early date.
It was somewhere near here that a subsidiary Roman road
came over the Quantocks, and united the Vale of Taunton
Dean with the mouth of the Parret and Caerleon on the
Welsh coast higher up.

The exact point Avhere this old road and trackway ascended
the Quantocks is probably not far off the site of Stowey Castle.
It can be traced very clearly from Cannington Park west-
wards, past Oakley Oak, and came up at the entrance of
Ramscombe, near the chapel of Adscombe.

Thus we may possibly see the r arson d'etre in the beginning
of Nether Stowey Castle — a stronghold commanding a line of
communication.

It may have taken the place of Danesborough, as that was
chiefly a castra cestiva of the Romans.

It is not recorded when the Norman stronghold arose. It
would appear from Eyton (Somerset Domesday, vol. ii, p. 35)
that Alured de Hispania succeeded to one portion of Stowey,
Estalweia (in the Hundred of Williton), which was Count
Harold's (Earl of Wessex) T.R.E., in Saxon times. Stowey
Castle, I imagine, was this portion. The other portion be-
longed to Dodo de Cory, a Saxon, which I take it was Doding-
ton, especially as I find that, in 1335, the Chapel of Dodington
is described as being in the parish of Nether-Staweye, and
paying 2s. to Mynchin Buckland Priory (Som. Arch. Pro-
ceedings, vol. x, p. 24).

Dodington does not appear in Domesday. Collinson says
that Stowey belonged collectively to Ralph de Pomeri, but if
we look at Eyton's comparative list and see who are the Saxon
owners, Count Harold's portion, held as it was "in dominio,"
by Alured de Hispania, is more likely to have included the
important stronghold of Stowey Castle. This is a point
archaeology may settle. Although Eyton is decisive enough
(vol. i, p. 65) and says that Nether Stowey was the caput of

Nether Stowey Castle. 31

Alured's barony. Collinson fails, says Eyton, through not
collating Domesday and the Gheld Inquisition, to find the
Domesday type of Alured de Hispania's manor of Nether
Stowey. I find that Collinson has copied the Palmer MSS.

Eyton says that the male line of Alured de Hispania
vanished in an heiress, but the succession is not known for
certain. She is called Isabella, and married Robert de Candos,
described as a Norman, who came over with William the
Conqueror.

II. — With the de Candos regime we come to more certain
history.

From Nether Stowey, de Candos sets out upon his Welsh
conquest at Caerleon, where he founds the alien priory of
Gold Clive, in Monmouthshire. He died in 1120. We may
picture from here the course of conquest, following the old
route to Cannington parish, to the Parret, and thence to Caer-
leon, perhaps by boat.

This Welsh conquest from West Somerset is worth noting,
as the Irish conquest from Stoke Courcy.

III. — The de Candos family ended very shortly in an heiress,
Maude de Candos, wife, in 1166, of Philip de Columbers.

In King Henry II's reign (Collins Peerage, vol. viii, p. 36)
the charter of Philip de Columbers, still extant in the Red
Book of the Exchequer, shows that he held ten knight's fees,
Nether Stowey being the head of the barony. Honibere was
held under it, also Woolavington, Puriton, and Monksilver.

The Columbers family continued at Nether Stowey Castle
for several generations, no fewer than four of them being called
Philip. They formed connections with the Stawels, of Cothel-
stone, and the Vernais, of F airfield, and many others.

In the Palmer MSS., I find that Fairfield was anciently
held of the Castle of Stowey, and was originally part of the
lordship of Honibere. In the same MSS., I find that the first
Philip de Columbers, son of Maud de Candos., granted Fair-
field to William Russell.

32 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

IV. — The fourth change is when Alicia de Columbers dies
(17 Edw. Ill, 1334), and James Lord Audley, her nephew,
succeeds. He is son of James Lord Audley and Joan her
sister. These Audleys, or Touchets, were Norman by ex-
traction, and a North Country family, from Boglatton, in
Cheshire. The Audleys held also Heleigh Castle, in Stafford-
shire, and Red Castle in Shropshire.

The member of the family who is locally most interesting,
who lived at Nether Stowey, was Sir James Touchet, in
Henry VII's reign, who led the Cornish insurgents in 1497.

Mr. Palmer in his MSS., says that the particulars of the
life of this Lord Audley deserve a book in themselves. He
resided chiefly at Stowey, and at the time of the Cornish in-
surrection was enlarging a manor house at the place where the
present Court House stands.

The same authority would appear to have been indebted
to Leland, who, in his Itinerary (1540-1542), wrote "The
Lord Audeley that rebelled in Henry the VII's time, began
great foundations of stone work to the enlargement of his
house, the which are yet to be seen half on perfect."

Leland says " Stowey a poor village standeth in a Botome
among hilles. Here is a goodly manor place of the Lord
Audleys standing exceeding pleasantly for goodly pasture and
having by it a Park of redde deer and another of f alow, and a
fair brooke serving all the offices of the manor place." This
would evidently be the present Court House.

I think somehow that both these extracts refer to the Manor
House.*

(*) In vol. xxv of Som. Arch. Proceedings (1880) Mr. Batten, in his account
of Henry VII in Somerset, gives several notices of the Insurrection, and of
Lord Audley.

It is a surmise of Mr. Batten, that the names of the King's councillors,
Cardinal Morton, Reginald Bray, were furnished to the Cornishmen by Lord
Audley.

The petitioners marched through Devon and Taunton, and thence to Wells,
where they were headed by Lord Audley, who was building his mansion at
Nether Stowey at the time they set out.

Lord Audley was cousin of Sir Hugh Luttrell of Dunster Castle, and brother-
in-law of Lord Daubeny. The battle took place at Blackheath, 17th June, 1497.
The King executed Lord Audley, Flamanx, and Michael Joseph, the smith.

Nether Stowey Castle. 33

But why or when was the Castle dismantled ? I do not
think that it was because of the Cornish Insurrection, i.e.,
before 1500, as some would suppose.

Would not Leland have mentioned the Castle if it had been
standing ? Why only the Manor House ? Collinson thinks that
it was garrisoned here for Charles I, in the Parliamentary
War. I have not been able to find, as yet, any notices of the
dismantling. Much of the stone at the Court appears to have
been brought from the Castle Hill. Some of the stones in the
arches seem too heavy for their object.*

Local traditions and names. — Old men have told me that
" they beat down the Castle from Dowsboro, and then the
Stowey men beat down Stoke Courcy Castle." Stoke Courcy
Castle was finally destroyed by Lord Bonville in Henry VFs
reign, for its lawlessness.

Could Stowey Castle have suffered the same fate ? as local
tradition connects the two together. As is usual with ancient
encampments and hills, old people have told me that as children
they used to be frightened at the giants under Castle Hill
mound. Figures of men would appear and threaten them
with their hands.

" Hack Lane " is the lane on the west of Castle Hill.

" Stow Here pat " is on the Quantocks.

" Cochley Lane " is on the south side of Castle Hill.

" Butcher's Lane," just under Castle Hill, on the north side.
On the south side u Portrey Mead." Perhaps something to
do with the porta or portreeve, and the entrance.

(*) In Archbold's Religious Houses the following interesting fact appears
that, in 1538, John Dycensen, rector of Holford, goes down to Athelney from
my master, the Lord Audley, as a messenger or commissioner about the
surrender.

From the Audleys the property descends in a very mutilated condition to
several proprietors. The last Audley lived here in James I's reign. One of the
families who inherited the Castle and " Red Deer Park," and the farm of "Row-
bear " was the Walkers, from 20 Henry VLII. He was a Staffordshire man.
and probably obtained it through the Audleys. Of a member of this family
Mr. Palmer says, "Edward Walker, third son to Edward and Barbara
Tothall, was bred in the family of the Earl of Arundell. Earl Marshall of
England," and gives an account of the Walker family (1639). Related to
Bourne family of Gothelney in beginning of eighteenth century (1730-40).

Vol. XLJ1I (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part 1. E

34 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

Close by was an old well, under a willow, at the turn of the
road, where people used to wash their eyes. Also they fetched
water thence. It was filled up within living memory, so old
men say ; but fifty yards nearer the mount, and near <k Stakes
Barton," the well has appeared again. The old man who lived
at Castle Hill Cottage had a blind wife, over eighty, and she
used to bathe her eyes in the water.

There is another well in the grounds of Castle Hill House,
also Blind Well just to the east, all flowing north.

Down in Nether Stowey there is still " The Parks," in Mr.
Grovett's farm, to mark the old park, and also a " Deerleap,"
distinctly observable at intervals. It runs from the Court
House westward, below Pinnacle Hill, and adjoins the glebe.

Just opposite is Tom Poolers farm, and the land below be-
longs to a Mr. Lansdown.

Yonder, on the Quantocks, are several hundred acres of
" Customs," which have never paid rate or tax and on which
the Stowey poor have privileges.

The parish boundaries are peculiar, just here the boundary
line runs up to the cottage. The Castle stood in Nether
Stowey, and, historically, Nether and Over Stowey are distinct.

Below is " Bincombe Tything " in two Hundreds, Williton
and Cannington, and in two parishes, Over and Nether Stowey.

.Close by was a bull-baiting arena. The Castle mound was
used as a kind of amphitheatre when the local champions at
fisticuffs met, the fame of whose encounters remain.

The ground plan of the Castle shows a small rectangular
keep. Not many years ago the late Sir Peregrine Acland had
the foundations cleared. The outside Avails were six feet six
inches in thickness, but the material has been constantly re-
moved. There appeared to be an entrance on the north side,
where it was supposed the church or chapel of St. Michael
stood. The whole site is too small to be a residentiary castle.
The Court House with the Church close by and the village
Pound adjoining it, and the two parks stretching round it on

Quantock Lodge.

all sides, as Leland saw it, was probably always the dwelling-
house of the chief family.

An error. — Camden writes " At Stowey, on the side of a
hill above the church, rises a large spring which is never dry,
which water, at about forty yards from its source, as it runs
through the village, encrusts with stone whatever it meets
with, but has no such eifect at the source, nor within twenty
yards of it.

Probably at Stowey in Chew Magna.

[Collinson, ii, 110, mentions this spring under Stowey in the
Hundred of Chew.— Ed.]

The party next proceeded to

duantocfe

where the newly-elected president, Mr. E. J. STANLEY, M.P.,
most hospitably entertained them to luncheon, and some con-
siderable time was spent in inspecting the interior o£ the fine
mansion with its magnificent library, paintings, and statuary.
The first place visited after luncheon was

and here Mr. BUCKLE again acted as spokesman for the party.
The first thing to which he drew the attention of the company
was the east window, which was a specimen of quite the ear-
liest Geometrical tracery, in fact of the very beginning of
tracery of any kind. The only other fragment in the church
which was of an earlier date than the Perpendicular period,
was the little window facing the south entrance. That win-
dow was only half the height of the other two on that side of
the church, and if they went to the outside they would see
there was a clearly marked line where the character of the
masonry entirely changed. At an early period the wall of the

36 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

church was only as high as the top of that little window ; and
it was at a subsequent period, in the loth or 16th century, that
the walls were raised to their present height, and this window
was blocked up ; but in recent times it had been opened again.
Work was going on here in 1530 \_see Wells Wills] and all
else in the church was of the Perpendicular date to which the
greater part of that Somersetshire architecture belonged. In
that part of the country they had got out of the range of free-
stone. There was no proper freestone to be found in this
neighbourhood, although there was a great quantity in other
parts of the county. The chancel arch was built of sand-
stone from the Quantocks, and as sandstone did not lend itself
to elaborate work, like freestone, they always found in the
sandstone country work of a rougher character. In the chan-
cel there was a rather curious little arcade with the carving
carried round the bell of the cap, which was not at all usual in
this county, although it was quite common farther west. The
people of Spaxton did, however, think it worth while to
import some freestone for the tracery of the windows, the
parapets and the buttress slopes. The porch on the south
side of the church, being carried to the full height of the
aisle, added dignity to that side of the church. The tower
was one of the rough class he was speaking of at Bridg-
water, containing no freestone which it was possible to avoid.
The majority of the windows of the tower were made of sand-
stone, and the general effect was a rugged mass carried up to a
considerable height, which, however, was distinctly imposing
on account of its simplicity and the excellence of its outline.
Cannington was a tower of the same kind with great height,
but no detail, and the tower of Stogursey, leaving out the
spire, was a perfectly plain oblong mass, but with its character
to some extent altered in its external appearance on account of
the fact that it was plastered all over. But he took it that the
towers of West Somerset were generally plastered over, and
that it was a purely modern idea to show the rough sandstone.

Spaxton Ch u rch. 37

Coming to the fittings of the church, which were perhaps in
some respects the most interesting feature there, there was a
great deal of oak carving. Some of the panels of the pulpit
were of a distinctly English character of design, but the bench
ends appeared to have been put in at a good many different
times. One of the bench ends bore the date 1536. The set
to which this belonged had a Renaissance character with a
slightly Flemish feeling. On the other hand, some of the
bench ends were clearly English, and in a very different style.
Then there were others, dated 1561, which were emphatically
Flemish in character. On one in the nave was a portrait of
a fuller at work. This was interesting on account of the shape
of a tool he was using — a mallet with two handles. The
fuller was generally pictured with a large two-handed club.
Here, however, he was using a heavy plank, apparently of
wood, with two handles, which he lifted up and stamped down
upon the cloth. At a later time when machinery was intro-
duced, the fulling was done by means of similar mallets, but
of greater weight. The purpose of fulling was to draw the
cloth together, the finer class of cloth requiring more fulling
than the coarse. Somerset was, of course, until comparatively
recent times, one of the principal places in which cloth was
made, and consequently they had indications of the power of
the weavers and fullers in many Somerset churches. Another
remarkable piece of oak carving was the alms box at the side
of the door, which was dug out of a great chunk of oak, so as
to form a box, and secured with three locks in the old-fashioned
manner. One of the keys was kept by the rector, and the
other two each by one of the churchwardens. There was in the
chancel a monument of a knight and his lady, which appeared
to belong to a period at the end of the 14th century. Outside
the church there was another thing of great interest, a church-
yard cross, which was remarkable, inasmuch as it had a re-
presentation of the rood on both sides — a most unusual thing.

38 Forty-ninth Animal Meeting.

After leaving Spaxton, the party drove to

IBiackmore aganor jfarm,

which was the next place visited, and the old domestic chapel
and its surroundings, including some stone carving on the walls
and a stone staircase, etc., were viewed with much interest.
It was suggested that what is now requisitioned as a bedroom
was formerly a pew for the use of the lord and lady of the
manor, and was probably provided with a screen front, seating
accommodation being provided below for neighbours during
divine service.

An adjournment was then made to Brymore, where tea was
most kindly provided by Mr. H. H. Pleydell Bouverie.

Cannington Cfwrcfi.

A start was afterwards made for home, but on reaching
Cannington a halt was called for the purpose of inspecting the
church. Mr. BUCKLE remarked that that church was some-
thing almost unique in their part of the world. The shape of
the building was quite different from that which they generally
found in their parish churches. In this church there was only
one single slate roof, which covered the entire building — the
nave, the aisles, and the chancel. There was no external sign
on the roof to show where the chancel ended or the nave began.
The result was a nave of great height, but without clerestory
windows. There was a series of exceedingly lofty arches on
each side of the nave, and above them there was nothing but
bare wall, the effect thus produced being very grand indeed.
The general effect of the church was in many respects foreign.
They in England, and especially in the West of England, had
a tendency to keep their roofs as low as possible. In any case
they rarely had a church anything approaching the height of
this one. There was nothing either inside or outside to divide

Cannington Church. 39

the chancel from the nave, except the screen across the front
of the chancel. Norton-sub-Hambdon somewhat resembled that
church, for the same roof covered both nave and aisles. But
in Norton church there was a distinct chancel arch, and this
chancel roof was a little lower than the nave roof. There was
another such church at Winsford on Exmoor, but although
the same roof covered both nave and aisles, it was not of any
great height, as in the present instance. Here they had,
without doubt, exceeding dignity inside the church, but the
slate roof on the outside gave it a somewhat poor and modern
appearance, but the great height of the chancel walls was very
effective externally. There was a splendid large east window
and a fine window on the south of the chancel. But the church
was not, of course, always like this. The church they were
now looking at was a late Perpendicular church, and on the
tower they could see the original roof mark which indicated
the height of the earlier church. They could see from that
that the side walls of the old church were little more than half
the height of the present ones. The tower, they would no
doubt observe, was set at a very oblique angle to the rest of
the building. That of course could not be produced by acci-
dent, and a very curious thing was that the present church
was made at an even more oblique angle than the former
building. In the vestry they would find a fragment of a
Norman arcade, showing that the Norman church which occu-
>ied that site, was not in a line with the present church, but
)ok a direction sloping more towards the north ; so that on the
rebuilding the pillar got left in the vestry, about two or three
Eeet further north than the existing line of pillars. The Nor-
lan church then was not so oblique as the present one, but
iven then the church was not in a direct line from the tower,
rhich was of course later than the Norman church, and must
ive been deliberately set at an angle with the existing church,
hen the old church was taken down, and the present church
milt, for some reason — there must have been a reason — they

40 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

deliberately shifted the church further round, and increased
the divergence between the direction of the tower and of the
rest of the church. There was only one suggestion he could
make as to why this should have occurred. There was now a
very fine building adjoining the church, with a 17th or 18th cen-
tury front, occupying the site of the old Cannington nunnery,
which formerly joined on to the parish church. The church-
yard did not go all round the church : the nunnery occupied
the whole of the adjoining land on the north side, and abutted
on the east end of the church. In the year 1138, one of the
de Courcy family founded a nunnery of Benedictines there,
and the church was subsequently appropriated to that nunnery.
The only reason by which they could account for the obliquity
of the present church, was that the nunnery wanted more
room for extensions, and so caused the parish church to be
shifted three feet or so further to the south. In the chapel on
the north side of the church they would find a collection of
iron railings which had apparently belonged to a monument of
the Clifford family, which previously stood in the chancel, but
which he supposed was removed to make more room. They
were fine specimens of the hammered iron work of probably 150
years ago. Another point about that church of unusual interest
was the series of consecration crosses. If they walked round
the outside of the building, they would find, starting from the
west end of the south aisle, and going round towards the east,
twelve such crosses. There were probably no consecration
crosses on the other side, that side being practically inacces-
sible, and there were none on the tower, because the tower be-
longed to an earlier period than the church, and when the
church was newly-consecrated there was no necessity to put
one on the tower. The old form of consecration involved the
annointing with chrism by the Bishop of twelve crosses on the
walls. In the modern Roman use the crosses were marked on
the inside, but in medieval times these crosses were often on
the outside. Generally speaking, the crosses were mere scrat-

Friday** Proceedings. 41

ches, with little holes bored at the four corners to hold the
chrism. Here, however, the crosses were formed in pieces of
freestone, about 12 inches square, and they were all floriated.

jFtiDap's proceeDinp.

The members of the Society resumed their excursions on
Friday, by visiting the site of the historic battle of Sedgmoor,
and the churches in the neighbourhood. The party, numbering
over 100, left the Royal Clarence Hotel, Bridg water, in
brakes, and a char-a-banc. At the time of starting, 9.30, the
weather was rather showery, and continued so throughout the
day. The first place visited was the picturesque little village
of Chedzoy, and Mr. BUCKLE gave a description of

Ciwrci),

the Rector of which, the Rev. Or. R. Mullens, kindly met the
party. Mr. BUCKLE said that the building was a fine specimen
of the Early English style. The arcades were nice and simple
examples of that style, and the south aisle was of the same date,
and the porch, although it had been altered since first built, was
also Early English. Over the arch were let in three blocks
of stone, on one of which were the initials " R.B.," which were
well known in that part of the county as being the initials of
Richard Bere, the last abbot but one of Grlastonbury. He
died in 1524. On another stone was " R.F.," with the date
1579, which implied, he took it, the time when the porch was
altered or rebuilt in its present form. On a third stone the
initials " H.P." On the south side there had been from the
first a very wide aisle, nearly as wide as the nave itself. On
the north side there was a narrow aisle, and that aisle as they
saw it now was entirely a piece of Perpendicular work. Still,
it seemed that the earlier north aisle was never wider than the
present one. At this early period there was a pair of transepts,

Vol. XLU1 (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part I. v

42 Forty-ninth Annual Mcetiny.

and the early half-pillars remained at the angles where the
transepts joined on to the aisles. The chancel was also Early
English. There used to be on the south side of the chancel a
chapel, but this had been taken down. From the 13th century
there had always been there a distinctly important church.
There was practically nothing remaining of subsequent periods
until they came to the loth century ; then the clerestory was
added to the nave, and there were considerable minor altera-
tions. The north aisle had then been built ; also the tower at
the west end, which had a fine arch opening to the nave, giving
an impression of height to the building. They would notice
that the tower was not a very lofty one, but it was highly
finished, especially in the belfry storey, and here, just two or
three miles from Bridgwater, they came to the freestone towers
with their delicate finish. The buttresses were situated a con-
siderable distance from the corners of the tower, as in many
Devonshire towers. There were only two belfry windows in-
stead of the usual three. In Westonzoyland they would find
the tower of the church carried out on the normal Somerset
lines. They would observe the perfect preservation of the nave
fittings. The benches were exactly as they were put in : the
width of the gangway was also worthy of notice. The pulpit
was noticeable for its curious linen-pattern panels. The pulpit
itself had, however, been considerably altered. Fragments of
the old work of the church were to be seen in the screen, the
great bulk of which, however, was modern. In the transept
would be observed the Jacobean altar rails. But the most re-
markable thing in the church was the embroidery. A magni-
ficent cope was found there, which had been converted into
three altar frontals. The work of this cope was of the period
of about 1500, but the frontals contained a mixture of new and
old work.

The frontals were shown by the rector, and were inspected
with great interest.

Lt.-Col. BRAMBLE, F.S.A., Hon. Gen. Sec., made the fol-

Chedzoy Church. 43

lowing remarks : — In the north transept (Lady Chapel) lies the
brass of a man in armour of the very end of the loth or begin-
ning of the 1.6th century. Mail skirt with invected taces over,
and tuilles (?) under, the skirt. The latter is most unusual.
The pauldrons are of two plates on the left shoulder, but of one
only on the right. There are two plates above and below the
genouillieres or knee-pieces. The sollerets are still of the
pointed shape, although they are broader than at an earlier date.
The sword hangs straight down, but the dagger, on the right
side, is at an acute angle with the body. The hair is worn
long, as usual at this date. The head is resting on a barred
helmet with the crest of a ram ; " Sydenham " or " de Syden-
ham" of Sydenham, adjacent to the parish. Four shields of
arms and an inscription are missing. I am informed that this
brass was formerly in the chancel.*

A good deal of interest was taken in the exterior buttresses
of the church, which in many places were worn away and in-
dented, and bore palpable marks as if large blades, or weapons
such as scythes, had been sharpened upon the stonework. It
was stated that these were the marks showing where the
peasantry had sharpened their scythes previous to the battle of
Sedgmoor.

The next stopping place was at

where the vicar, the Rev. C. M. Rogers, received the party.
In driving there, the visitors passed very near to the site of
the battle of Sedgmoor.

Mr. BUCKLE, in describing the church, said that whereas in
Chedzoy church they had a building very largely in the Early

* For an account of the Sydenham Family see Collinson iii, 86. Since the
visit to the church, my colleague, the Rev. F. VV. Weaver, has informed me that
the will of "Richard Sidenham of Chedsey" was proved 1499, and that of
" Lady Joan Sidenham " (presumably his widow) in 1501. It may fairly be
assumed that this is the monument of Richard Sidenham. [P.C.C., 6 Moone,
and 22 Moone] .

44 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

English style, the chancel of Westonzoyland was of the Early
Decorated period of architecture, and the rest of the building-
belonged to the Perpendicular. It was a very fine, open, large
church, with a magnificent tower, as they must have observed,
at the west end. One feature remarkable at Chedzoy, was
also noticeable there, and that was the amount of floor space.
It was very much to be regretted that in modern churches the
floor was regarded merely as a place to put seats upon. The
nave was on a large scale, and lofty. The two transepts were
also very large. The north transept was a lofty building, so
high indeed, that the clerestory window looked into the tran-
sept instead of looking into the open air. Under the lofty
north window there was a recess for a monument, and in it,
but out of its true place, was now lying a rough figure of a
priest. On the buttresses of the south transept were the mono-
gram R.B., and the Courtenay badge, with the Glastonbury
coat in the centre of the gable. The Abbots of Glastonbury,
owned the land and the parish church. It was commonly said
that they did nothing to help the parishioners, but simply con-
fined themselves strictly to what was required of them in keeping
up the chancels ; but in that church they had an example show-
ing that Richard Bere, when abbot, did a considerable portion
of the work in that transept. And they would not only find
his monogram outside, but the same monogram occurred on a
little fragment of glass in the chancel, and three ears of barley
for Bere on another, and the initials were also to be seen on
one of the bench-ends ; all which pointed to the fact that Bere
did a good deal towards the rebuilding and furnishing of the
church. The mouldings on the font were interesting. The
tower of the church was nearly the finest they would be visit-
ing that year as a society. It was enriched from the ground
right up to the top. It was built of blue lias stone with Ham
Hill dressings. Every stage of the tower was ornamented,
and some, at any rate, of the niches had originally, statues.
The angles of the tower were treated in a way very common

, Westonzoyland Church. 45

throughout Mid-Somerset. There were three buttresses at
each angle, which interpenetrated. The parapets were almost
always built later than the towers themselves, and with more
ornamentation, and this was the case here.

Lt.-Col. BRAMBLE remarked that the church possessed one
of the pre-Reformation bells with the inscription thereon : —
" Sancta Anna, ora pro nobis" He also gave the following
description of the monument in the north aisle, to which
Mr. Buckle had referred. " Against the north wall of the
north transept, under a 15th century sepulchral arch, lies
the stone effigy of a priest of much earlier date. He is repre-
sented in eucharistic vestments ; alb, with close sleeves and
large apparels at wrists and foot ; stole and maniple, both very
narrow, and with fringed ends ; amice, with apparel, and chasu-
ble falling from the shoulders in graceful folds. The chasuble
has a pallium, or Y-shaped orphrey (shaped like the pall, the
distinguishing vestment of an archbishop). The embroidered
apparel, or border, of the amice (which in later dates appears
like an upright collar to the chasuble) lies almost flat. The hair
is long and flowing, but with a large tonsure on the top of the
head. The date of the effigy may be fixed as the end of the
13th or early part of the 14th century."

Mr. W. GEORGE, of Bristol, said that it was in this village
that the royal cavalry were quartered on Sunday evening,
July 5th, the day before the battle of Sedgmoor, and that the
Earl of Feversham had here fixed his headquarters. One of
the parish registers, which the Rev. C. M. Rogers has kindly
shown us, contains the following contemporary entry, written
probably by the Rev. Thomas Perrat, vicar in 1685, who died
in 1709, and was buried in this church : —

" Ann account of the ffight that was in Langmore, the six of
July, 1685, between the King's Army and the D. of M.

The Ingagement began between one and two of the
clock in the morning. It continued nearly one hour and
a halfe. There was killed upon the spott of the King's

46 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

souldiers sixteen ; ffive of them buried in the church, the
rest in the churchyard, and they had all of them Christian
buriall. One hundred or more of the King's souldiers
wounded : of which wounds many died, of which wee have
no certaine account. There was killed of the rebels upon
the spott aboute 300 : hanged with us 22, of which 4 weare
hanged in gemmasses.* Aboute 500 prisoners brought
into our church, of which there was 79 wounded, and 5 of
them died of their wounds in our church."

" The D. of M. beheaded.
July 15, A.D. 1685."

The churchwardens' accounts contain the following entries :
"Expended when Monmouth was taken [July

8th] upon ringers .. ... ... 0 8 6

" Paid for Frankincense, &c., to burn in the

church after the prisoners was gone out ... 0 5 8 "
From later entries in these accounts of payments for " beere "
and " ringing when the King was in the more," and from state-
ments in Bristol chronicles, Mr. George showed that King
James II was in Bristol in August, 1686, and left it on the
27th for Sedgmoor, " to see the place where his army over-
threw the Duke of Monmouth"; "the last fight," Macaulay
says, " deserving the name of a battle that has been fought on
English ground." Though the fact of the King's visit to
Sedgmoor was not noticed by Macaulay, it was confirmed by
contemporary authorities.

The next church visited was that of

where the party was welcomed by the Rev. R. Stokes, vicar.

Mr. BUCKLE described the church as being remarkable for
the beauty of the geometrical tracery. In the east window

* " Gimmace : a hinge. When a criminal is gibbeted, or hung in irons or
chains, he is said to be hung in Gimrnaces, most probably because the apparatus
swings about as if on hinges. — J. Jennings, " Dialect of the West of England,"
J825.

Middlczoy Church. 47

was most delicate tracery, the mullions of the tracery being
only about an inch thick. It was charmingly refined work,
and in a good state of preservation. Speaking from the ex-
terior of the church, Mr. BUCKLE said that the work they
were then looking at, belonged to the period of the 12th, or
the beginning of the 13th century. He pointed out the low
side window at the side of the aisle, and said that such win-
dows were a great mystery. Many persons had explained
their purpose, but in many different ways.

Lt.-Col. BRAMBLE remarked that in the east of England,
such low side windows were common, especially near Peter-
borough.

Mr. BUCKLE further said that the tower of the church was
exceedingly like that of Westonzoyland, but one storey less in
height. In this class of tower there was little diminution in
width from the ground upwards, so that the tower stood up
bold and strong, whereas the tower of Othery, visible across
the moor, was very decidedly pyramidal in outline. Proceed-
ing inside the church, Mr. BUCKLE called attention to the
good finish of the windows. There was a great delicacy in the
work of the chancel. The screen, until quite recently, was
placed further forward to line with the front edge of the chan-
cel arch, but it had been shifted back to show the front of the
chancel, arch. The miserere stall in the chancel had been
touched up in recent times, and it had been done in a way
which showed that the modern carpenter had no conception
how it was used, for he had made the top slope the wrong way,
and so destroyed its usefulness. They would also notice the
Jacobean pulpit. In the centre of the floor was to be seen a
brass as a memorial of a Frenchman, Louis Chevalier de
Misiers, who fell in the battle of Sedgmoor. This is given
in our Proceedings (vol. xxiii, i, 55), but as that version is not
correct, we reproduce the inscription, and hereby thank the
vicar for giving us a rubbing.

Lt.-Col. BRAMBLE showed the communion plate, which in-

48 Forty-ninth Animal Meetiny.

eluded a particularly handsome Elizabethan cup. The cover
was used as a paten, and the date on the cover was 1573.
They had there also one of the old pewter flagons.

SDtfjerp CftutcJ).

The drive was then continued to Othery, where the church
was an object of much interest. The vicar, the Rev. C. M. de
P. Grillam met the party in the church, which was undergoing
a cleaning process at the hands of whitewashers. The church
has a low side window which is situate just behind the great
diagonal buttress of the tower, and is provided with a squint
through the buttress.

Mr. BUCKLE said that this window was very peculiar and
threw some light upon the purpose of these low side windows.
If the object were simply to communicate lepers, the squint
through the buttress would not be needed : it was clear that
this window was constructed for seeing through or hearing
through, and not merely for the purpose of handing something
through. The tower was quite different from those they had
previously seen, as there was a great slope in the buttresses,
causing quite a pyramidal outline. The date of the tower was
about 1500, or probably later. There were figures in the
niches of the tower, which included one of the Virgin Mary
and child, and one of St. Michael and the Dragon. The
chancel was Early English, and was built in the thirteenth
century. The most curious feature of the church was the way
in which the wide nave was joined on to the comparatively
narrow central tower : the west face of the tower was supported
on two detached pillars connected by narrow arches to the side
walls of the nave. A similar device was found in the neigh-
bouring church of Aller.

Lt.-Col. BRAMBLE remarked as regarded the squint window,
that it was the only one of the kind in existence, and it had
figured on several occasions in the archaeological papers. A

Othery Church. 49

number of theories put forth was that it was used for commu-
nicating lepers and others not allowed to go into the church.
The priest came down to the window and handed the wafer
through it to those who were outside. Having pointed out
that this window did not look towards the altar at all, Lt.-Col.
BRAMBLE said if it was simply used for communicating,
why should they have made a hole through the buttress, as
there was plenty of room without that ? Another opinion was
that it was meant to show a light from the inside of the
church to the churchyard, so as to scare away any evil spirits.
A further opinion held was that a bell used to be rung outside
the window to notify the elevation of the host.* He called
attention to the fine specimen of the Somerset waggon roof.

The VICAR exhibited a cope of the date about A.D. 1470,
which was found concealed under the pulpit.

A short drive brought the party to

IBoroiigfjfariDge

where the Rev. W. Arnold, the vicar of the parish, welcomed
the visitors. Luncheon was partaken of in the Schoolroom.

The President, Mr. E. J. Stanley, M.P., presided.

At the conclusion of the meal, Lt.-Col. BRAMBLE proposed
a vote of thanks to all who had assisted at the annual meetings.
First, they owed their sincere thanks to their President for
his presence among them, and for his admirable address. Their
thanks were also due to the Hon. Mrs. Stanley for having so
hospitably entertained them. Likewise to the Mayor of Bridg-
water, who had also entertained them; to the corporation who
had afforded them kind facilities ; to Mr. Bouverie, of Bry-
more ; the Rev. A. H. A. Smith, of Lyng ; and Mr. A. B.
James, of North Petherton ; also to the clergy who had

[* On the subject of " Low side windows,'1 there is a most interesting
article by the late Mr. J. H. Parker in the Archaeological Journal, vol. iv,
pp. 314-326, in which Othery is figured and is described as "the most re-
markable specimen of these openings." Mr. Parker also gives no less than
twelve theories as to the use of these windows. — ED.]

Vol. XL/If (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part I. G

50 Forty -ninth Annual Meeting.

thrown open their churches to them, and to the owners and
occupiers of houses who had permitted them to see them. It
was anything but pleasant to have an invasion of from 100 to
150 archaeologists who always wanted to see everything and
afterwards to know the reason why. They must further thank
the local committee and Dr. Winterbotham, who had been
working for months in the perfection of the arrangements, and
had made the meeting the success it had been. Then there
was the Rev. W. Arnold who must be mentioned, and their
heartiest thanks were due to Mr. Buckle for his description of
the churches they had visited. For some years past he had
come down and given them the benefit of his experience, and
he (the speaker) felt sure they were all deeply indebted to
him. He begged to propose that the cordial thanks of the
Society be given to those he had mentioned.

The Rev. Prebendary BULLER seconded the resolution.
He mentioned that he was one of the oldest members of the
Society, and he had known their excellent president longer
than anyone else in the room. Lt.-Col. Bramble had
omitted all mention of himself, but he (Preb. Buller) did not
know what the Somersetshire archaeologists would do without
him. Their gatherings became more and more pleasant year
by year, and the fact that every place they had this year visited
had been familiar to him from his earliest years, instead of
detracting from his interest in the gathering, had very much
increased it. He anticipated the greatest possible pleasure, if
he were spared one more year, in receiving the Society in his
own dear parish, which was not far from there.

The resolution was then carried.

The PRESIDENT, in acknowledging the vote, spoke of the
deep interest which was taken in the Society throughout the
county. He felt sure that there was no man, whatever his
position might be, but wrould heartily welcome them and en-
courage the inquiries which they, as archaeologists, were fond of
making.

Church. 51

From Boroughbridge the party drove to

where the ancient church was visited. The Rev. A. H. A.
Smith and his brother extended a hearty welcome to the
visitors.

Mr. BUCKLE said that the church had been almost untouch-
ed by modern restorers, and taken on the whole it had been
unaltered since mediaeval times, except so far as keeping the
building wind and weather tight. This also necessitated doing
a little to the roof, and also some plastering, which had hidden
the oak roof. It was one of those waggon roofs, specimens of
which they had seen elsewhere that day. The building, taken
generally, was of a period earlier than the majority of their
churches, the main part of it being rather of a transitional
character between Decorated and Perpendicular. The window
to the north of the altar was on a very much smaller scale
than the others. The other windows in the chancel had got
the Perpendicular mullions. One of the most interesting fea-
tures of the church was the very remarkable arrangement for
the rood screen, of which the greater part had perished, but
the base remained. The reason why the stone jambs of the
chancel arch were so plain, was that the screen was carried up
and fitted into the rebate round the arch, and filled up the
whole of the arch space, so that the adjoining stonework was
almost entirely hidden. There was a somewhat similar treat-
ment at Winsham, where a painting of a crucifixion had been
fitted into and tilled up the arch over the rood loft. The pul-
pit was made of mediaeval carved benches, and the whole of
the seats in the nave were as they were originally put in. On
some of the ends was depicted a stag-hunt. Mr. BUCKLE also
pointed out a curious economy in the tower ; on three sides
there are two windows in the belfry story, side by side, but
on the south side, which is comparatively little seen, a single
window was thought sufficient.

52 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

The VICAR remarked that the church up to the year 1337,
was a chapelry of Athelney Abbey. Whether King Alfred
resided at Athelney or not, and? whether it was a resting-place
for his children, he was intimately connected with Athelney,
and they claimed him as the most famous parishioner of Lyng,
in which parish Athelney was situated. He was glad they had
been able to see the church in an unrestored state. It was his
wish, however, to have it restored, and he intended to set
about it before long, and when they received a circular appeal-
ing for funds, he hoped they would respond to it. The Vicar,
in conclusion, alluded to King Alfred as a staunch supporter
of the Church of England, and the founder of the British
Navy.

A word or two having been said as to the derivation of East
Lyng, the Rev. J. E. ODGERS expressed the opinion that it
came from ^Etheling.

The company was afterwards hospitably entertained to tea
in the schoolroom by the Vicar and Major Smith.

The party next drove to Shovell Hill, North Petherton, the
residence of Mr. James, C.C., who had very kindly invited the
members and their friends to tea. After remaining here for
some time, and Mr. and Mrs. James being thanked by Lt.-Col.
Bramble on behalf of the Society for their hospitality, the
carriages were re-entered, and the party proceeded to

jQortb Petfjerton Cftutcft.

Mr. BUCKLE'S services were here once more requisitioned.
He remarked that the great feature of this church was the
tower. When he said at Westonzoyland that that was the
finest tower to be visited this year, he forgot for the moment
that they were coming to North Petherton. The Weston
tower was an exceedingly fine one, but he thought it must be
allowed by everybody that North Petherton was a still finer
example, for they had there quite one of the most elaborate

North Petherton Church.

and at the same time artistic towers in Somerset. In this case
there was no question of taking a slice out of the tower, taking
out or putting in a storey, or making it lower or higher,
for the whole tower from bottom to top was a single compo-
sition. The top storey was one mass of ornamentation, and the
panels over the belfry windows added greatly to the general
effect. With regard to the interior of the church there was
very little of importance to describe, but one of the most inter-
esting features was, perhaps, the fact of the smallness of the
piers which carried the chancel arch. Mr. Buckle at this point
was reminded that there was no more time to spare, as some
of the members wanted to return to their homes by an early
train from Bridgwater, and in consequence he curtailed his
description of the building.

The return journey was then made, Bridgwater being
reached about 6.30, and thus ended what was generally ac-
knowledged to have been one of the most successful and enjoy-
able of the annual gatherings that had been held under the
auspices of the Society.

Hocal

AN upper room of the Town Hall was utilised as a temporary
Museum, and the following were among the objects of interest
lent.

Rev. C. W. Whistler. — Ancient Sussex Ironwork, formerly
preserved in Battle Abbey, consisting of a violin, flesh-hooks
from the kitchen, Abbey padlock and keys, spur temp. Ed-
ward III, tobacco stopper temp. William III, model of the
Viking ship, 10th century, found at Siindefjord, Norway.

Mr. Corder. — Neolithic flint spear head and polisher, and
quartzite hammer-stone found near Chelmsford. Piece of six-
teenth century tapestry, and a number of rubbings of brasses
from various parts of England.

Mr. Rookley. — Wooden quart measure, bound with a copper
rim inscribed " Bridgewater," probably one of the original
borough standard measures; medal of the Duke of Cumber-
land, "Rebellion Justly Rewarded, Culloden, 16 Ap., 1746,"
found near Bridgwater ; broadsheet, " Bridgwater Amuse-
ments, 1794."

Mr. Stoate. — Frame containing some notes of the " Bridg-
water and Somerset Bank," — one £l, seven £5, and one £10 ;
twelve seventeenth century Bridgwater tokens, three eighteenth
century Bridgwater tokens ; British Directory, vol. ii, con-
taining Bridgwater ; General Directory for the County of
Somerset, Taunton, 1840; drawings of Ham Mills on the
Tone, and Royal Hotel, Bridgwater ; Engineer's report on
the Geology of Bridgwater ; Penal Laws, a Discourse or
Charge at Sessions in the Borough of Bridgwater, 12th July,
1680 ; proposal for establishing a Medical Institution in
Bridgwater, 1813; Taunton and Bridgwater Journal, printed
by C. H. Drake, Taunton, 1812.

The Local Museum. 55

The Corporation of Bridgwater. — Three silver maces of the
time of Charles II, all inscribed " Charles II, King of Eng-
land, Scotland, and France, and Ireland," the larger one dated
"1660;" the maker's mark M is on all three, so that they
are probably all of one date. Two silver cups, inscribed " Ex
dono Margaretae Jones Viduae," the arms, a castle on a bridge,
are probably intended for Bridgwater, though not drawn as
usually represented ; the date-letter hall mark is that for the
year 1640-1. Salt cellar, circular in form, with broad-spread-
ing foot, and three arms at top for supporting a napkin to
cover the salt, a well known form of seventeenth century salts ;
inscribed round the body " Ex dono Tho. Wrothe milit. Re-
cordat. Burgi de Bridgwater, 1638," on the top " Sal sapit
omnia ; " the date-letter is for the year 1633-4, four years
earlier than the earliest specimen known and recorded in
Cripps's Old English Plate. Several old charters, and the
mayor's chain were also exhibited.

Mr. W. B. Broadmead. — Polished stone axe found in Enmore
Park ; Buck's View of Enmore Castle.

Mr. R. C. Else (Mayor of Bridgwater). — Eight engravings
of old Bridgwater.

Mr. T. H. Boys. — Views of Crowcombe Court, Fairfield,
Enmore Castle, Old Cross at Nether Stowey, Hatch Court,
interior of old St. Mary's Church, Bridgwater ; drawings of
>togursey Castle, and of the " Three Crowns " and " Fleur-
Le-lis " Inns, Bridgwater ; Copper sign " Bull and Butcher ; "
jannon balls shot from Bridgwater Castle during the siege ;
tinted badge " Huntspill Harmonic Society ; " two old
tainted trays from Pike's factory, Bridgwater ; old Bridg-
water pottery jugs ; constables' staves and watchman's rattle ;
mgraved drinking horn, arid some other things of general
ither than local interest.

Mr. T. F. Norris. — Order for the removal of cattle during
the murrain, 1757 ; bell-metal "posnet," a three-legged crock
or skillet with straight handle, lettered "Bee Constant, 1775 ;"

56 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

upper stone of a quern, and some Roman coins, found at Gold
Corner, Huntspill ; an old " Leathern Bottell," with piece cut
out of the side,

" hang it up to a pin

'Twill serve to put hinges and odd things in,"

Custom House. — Impressions from early stamps of the ports
of Bridgwater and Minehead ; iron-bound chest, with massive
locks, sixteenth century.

Borough Police Office.— Eleven Watchmen's Staves, 1819.

Mr. Harold S. Thompson. — Herbarium of dried plants, com-
prising about sixteen hundred specimens of British flowering
plants and ferns, among them being many specimens of great
botanical and local interest, the bulk of the collection having
been obtained from the neighbourhood of Bridgwater. One
small cabinet contained specimens of Rubi only, chiefly from
Warwickshire and the Quantock district, many of which had
been named by the late Professor Babington. Among the
plants shown on the table was a specimen of the rare sea knot-
grass (Polygonum maritimum) which, as a boy of twelve, Mr.
Thompson discovered at Burnham, Somerset, it being then
not only new to the county, but extremely rare in Britain.1
Perhaps the most interesting of the botanical exhibits were
the specimens collected in the neighbourhood of Bridgwater
by the late Thomas Clark, who was born at Greinton in 1793,
and died at Bridgwater in 1864. Thomas Clark was an
accurate and conscientious botanist, and member of the Bo-
tanical Society of London ; he did much of his work in con-
junction with the Rev. J. C. Collins, of St. John's, Bridgwater,
and the Rev. John Poole, both of whom contributed many
notes to the (Somerset) Supplement of Watson's New Botanists'
Guide, 1837 ; but some of these records had been doubted by
subsequent students of Somersetshire botany, for the plants

(1). Since the meeting, this plant has been noticed among a list of plants
printed in A Compleat ilislory of Somersetshire, 1740, "found on the Severn
shore, near Weston-super-Mare."

The Local Museum. 57

were not submitted for verification, and some had apparently
become extinct. However, in 1891, a portion of Clark's
Herbarium came into the hands of Mr. Thompson, when the
old records were to a great extent confirmed. It is gratifying
to hear that this summer one of these plants, supposed to have
become extinct (Papaver hybridum), has been re-discovered in
the district by the Rev. C. W. Whistler, of Stockland, after
it had disappeared for many years. In 1856, Thomas Clark
contributed a list of the Rarer Plants of the Turfmoors to the
Proceedings of the Somersetshire Archaeological and Natural
History Society, of which he was a member.

Vol. X LI II (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part I.

to tte ^ocietp's sguseum ano Hiftrarp

During the Year 1897.

THE MUSEUM.

Convict Leg-Iron from Port Arthur, Tasmania. — From
Mr. FKANKLIN.

Chinese Sword in Shagreen Scabbard. — From the Rev. W.
iRc-USE.

Bank Token, lOd. Irish, 1805.— From Mr. YANDALL.

Section of a Chestnut Tree ; half -section of Oak Tree,
showing annular rings. — From Mr. WYATT.

A large rounded ball of red sandstone from a gravel bed at
Bishop's Lydeard ; pair of horns of the native red cattle of,
and peculiar to, Burmah. — From Major FOSTER.

Stuffed White Mole. — From Mr. ESDAILE.

Instrument for weighing a guinea and half-guinea. — From
Mr. SAUNDERS.

Mounted Engraving, " The Triumph of Venus." — From
Mr. C. H. SPENCER PERCEVAL.

Parcel of Devonian Fossils.— From Mr. USSHER, H.M.
Geological Survey.

Two specimens of the Honey Ant from West Australia. —
From Mr. W. A. G. WALTER.

Sections of Box, Mulberry, and Laburnum Trees. — From
Mr. MULFORD.

THE LIBRARY.

Memorials of Wincanton People. — From Mr. SWEETMAN.

Fifty-seventh Annual Report of the Deputy Keeper of the
Public Records ; Index of Surnames in the Registers at Cuck-
lington and at Stoke Trister (MSS.).— From the Rev. E. H.
BATES.

Additions to the Library. 59

Daily Weather Reports for 1896 ; Somerset Lives. — From
Dr. PRIOR.

Fourth Annual Report of the Bureau of Agriculture,
Montana, 1896.

Order of Procession on Laying the Foundation Stone of
St. Mary's Tower, Taunton, August 3rd, 1858 ; and Order of
Coronation Procession, Taunton, June 28, 1838. — From
Mr. MEYLER.

Leicester Literary and Philosophical Society, vol. iv, pts. 7.
8,9.

A Brief History of the Hospital of St. John Baptist, Bath,
by R. E. Peach.— From the Rev. I. S. GALE.

On the Disappearance of Certain Species of Insects. — From
the author, Mr. F. BOUSKELL.

Nova Scotian Institute of Science — Proceedings, vol. ix.

Life and Letters of James David Forbes, F.R.S., etc. Army
List, January, 1897. — From Major CHISHOLM-BATTEN.

Chicago Academy of Sciences. — The Lichen Flora of
Chicago. Report for 1896.

Reports of the Deputy Keeper of the Public Records, 1 to 54,
56, 57. Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society, 1st series,
1839 to 1865 (part 2, vol. i wanting) : 2nd series, 1865 to
1889 (parts 27, 28, 32, 33, 36 wanting); 3rd series, 1890
(nos. 15, 18, 19, 20, 23, 27 wanting); Letters and Papers on
Agriculture, etc., of the Bath Society, vol. i, 2nd ed. ; vols. iii,
iv, vii. Ordinnm Religiosorum in Ecclcsia Militanti cata-
logs a Philippo Bonanni, 4 vols., 4to., Rome 1714 ; Price's
Gazeteer or Topographic Dictionary, 2 vols., fol., 1759 ;
Henry VII, Prince Arthur, and Cardinal Morton, from a
group on the Chancel . Screen of Plymtree Church, Devon.
From Mr. JOHN BATTEN.

Yorkshire Philosophical Society. Report for 1896.

Chronicon Radulphi Higden, vols. 8, 9 ; Materials for the
History of Archbishop Thomas Becket, vols. 6, 7 ; Matthai
Parisiensis, Chronica Major, vols. 6, 7 ; Historians of the

60 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

Church of York and its Archbishops* vols. 2, 3 ; Sarum Charters
and Documents ; Giraldus Cambrensis, vol. 8 ; Calendar of
Patent Rolls, Edward I, Edward II, Edward III, Eichard II,
7 vols. ; Calendar of Close Rolls, Edward II, Edward III, 4
vols. From the Deputy Keeper of the Public Records. In
exchange.

Various Books and Pamphlets on Geology, Agriculture,
etc., from the University of California.

Catalogue of Fossil Cephalopoda, part 3 ; Catalogue of
Tertiary Mollusca, part 1 ; Guide to Fossil Mammals and Birds;
Guide to Fossil Invertebrates and Plants ; Guide to Fossil
Reptiles and Fishes. — From the Trustees of the British
Museum (Natural History).

The Progress of Merthyr Tydvil. — From the author, Mr. J.
G. E. ASTLE.

The Parish of Selworthy : some Notes on its History. —
From the author, Rev. F. HANCOCK.

Collections for a Parochial History of Barrow Gurney. —
From the Rev. I. S. GALE.

The Legendary and Historical Associations of Glaston
bury. — From the author, Rev. T. S. HOLMES.

The Prebendal Stalls and Miser ecordes in Wells Cathe-
dral.— From the author, Rev. Canon CHURCH.

What led to the Discovery of the Source of the Nile ;
Marriott's Sermons Preached at Margaret's Chapel, Bath,
1830; Toulmins Life of Socinus, 1777; Sermons by Rev. R.
Oakman, of Martock, 1847 ; Memorials of the late Eliza-
beth Langford ; Evangelical Principles and Practice, by
Haweis ; The Jubilee Memorial of the Rev. Wm. Jay, of Bath ;
Hymns for use in Churches, by the Rev. G. Dance ; Grove's
Sermons, vols. v, vi ; The Somerset Roll: an Experimental
List of Worthies, Unworthies, and Villains born in the County.—
From Mr. C. TITE.

The French in Wincanton. — From the author, Mr. GEO.
SWEETMAN.

Additions to the library. 61

The Castle Cary Visitor, 12 nos., 1897. — From Mr. MAC-
MILLAN.

The English Ancestry of the Families of Batt and Biley. —
From the author, Mr. J. H. LEA.

List of Parish Registers and other Genealogical Works, edited
by Fredk. A. Crisp. — From the editor.

Proceedings of the Society of Psychical Research, part 32,
On the So-called Divining Rod, by Professor W. F. Barrett. —
From Mr. Edward T. BENNETT.

Received from Societies in Correspondence for the Exchange of

Publications.

Royal Archaeological Institute — Arch&ological Journal, nos.

212, 213, 214,215.
British Archaeological Association — Journal, new series, vol. ii,

pt. 4 ; vol. iii, pts. 1, 2.
British Association — Report, 1896.
Society of Antiquaries of London — Proceedings, vol, xvi, nos.

2, 3, 4.

Society of Antiquaries of Scotland -Proceedings, vol. xxx.
Royal Irish Academy — Transactions, vol. xxx, pts. 18, 19, 20,

25, 27 ; Proceedings, vol. iv, nos. 1, 2, 3.
Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland — Journal, vol. vi, pt.

4 ; vol. vii, pts. 1, 2.

Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and Natural History — Pro-
ceedings, vol. ix, pt. 2.

Sussex Archaeological Society — Collections, vol. xl.
Surrey Archaeological Society — Collections, vol. xiii, pt. 2.
Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society —

Magazine, nos. 86, 87 ; Additions to the Library, appendix ii,

June, 1897 ; Abstract of Wiltshire Inquisitiones Post

Mortem, pt. 4.
Plymouth Institution and Devon and Cornwall Natural History

Society — Report, vol. xii, pts. 2, 3.

62 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

Kent Archaeological Society — Arckaologia Cantiana, vol. xxii.
Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society — Trans-
actions, vol. xix, pt. 2 ; vol. xx, pt. 1.
Powys Land Club — Montgomeryshire Collections, vol. xxix,

pt.2.
Derbyshire Archaeological and Natural History Society—

Journal, vol. xix.
Shropshire Archaeological and Natural History Society—

Transactions, vol. ix, pts. 1, 2. 3.
Hertfordshire Natural History Society — Transactions, vol. vii,

pt. 7 ; vol. viii, pts. 1 to 5 ; vol. ix, pt. 4.

Essex Archaeological Society — Transactions, vol. vi, pts. 2, 3.
Leicestershire Architectural and Archaeological Society—

Transactions, vol. viii, pt. 4.

Yorkshire Archaeological Society — Journal, pt. 55.
Northamptonshire Naturalists' Society — Journal, nos. 65 to 68.
Bath Natural History and Antiquarian Field Club — Proceed-
ings, vol. viii, no. 4.

Geologists' Association — Proceedings, vol. xv, pts. 1, 2, 3, 4.
Liverpool Literary and Philosophical Society — Proceedings,

vol. li.
Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society — Proceedings,

vol. xli, pts. 2, 3, 4.
Essex Field Club — Essex Naturalist, vol. ix, nos. 7 to 24 ; vol.

x, nos. 1 to 4.
Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle-upon-Tyne — Arcliceologia

j^Eliana, vol. xix, pts. 1,2; Warkworth Parish Registers.
Cambridge Antiquarian Society — Biographical Notes on the

thirty-eight Librarians of Trinity College ; List of Members.

Proceedings, no. xxxviii.
Chester Archaeological and Historical Society — Journal, vol.

vi, pt. 1.

Clifton Antiquarian Club — Proceedings, vol. iii, pt. 3.
The Reliquary and Illustrated Archaeologist —vol. iii, nos. 1, 2,

3,4.

Additions to the Library. 63

Royal University of Christiania — Beskrivelse of en Rcekke Nor she
Bergarter, af Dr. Th. Kjerulf, Schjott, Samlede Philolo-
giske Afhandlinger. Barth, Norronaskaller Crania An-
tigua. Sars, Fauna Norvegiae.

Smithsonian Institution, Washington, U.S. — Report., 1894.
Report of the U.S. National Museum, 1895 ; Proceedings of
the U.S. National Museum, 1895, vol. xviii ; Bulletin, nos.
47, 49 ; Life Histories of North American Birds ; Oceanic
Ichthyology. — The Fishes of North and Middle America.

Bureau of American Ethnology — Annual Report vols. xiv, xv.

New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, U.S. —
Register, nos. 201, 202, 204 ; Proceedings, January 6, 1897.

Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, U.S. — Proceed-
ings, 1896, pts. 2, 3 ; 1897, pt. 1.

Canadian Institute — Proceedings, vol. i, pt. 1.

Societe Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles, Lausanne — Bulletin,
nos. 122, 123, 124.

University of Upsala — Zoologiska Studier — Festskrift Wil-
helm Lilljeborg. Carl von Linne, pts. 5, 6.

Purchased : —

Harleian Society — Registers of the Cathedral Church of Dur-
ham, 1609 — 1896 ; Registers of St. George's, Hanover
Square, vol. iii.

Oxford Historical Society — Collectanea, iii ; History of Pem-
broke College.

Palaeontographical Society, vol. li.

Ray Society, vol. for 1894.

Early English Text. Society, nos. 108. 109.
*ipe Roll Society, vol. xxii.

Somerset and Dorset Notes and Queries, pts. 37, 38, 39.

Whitaker's Almanack, 1897.

Seebohm's Coloured Figures of British Birds' Eggs.

64 Forty-ninth Annual Meeting.

Bishop Ken's Prayers for the Use of all Persons who come to
the Baths of Bath for cure, with Life by Markland.

Ken's Exposition of the Church Catechism.

Beedle's Visitors9 Handbook of Weston-super-Mare.

Wild's Great Western Railway Map, 1840.

Ken's Approach to the Holy Altar, 3rd ed., 1854.

Golden Remains of the ever memorable Mr. John Hales, 1638.

Selections from the Poetical Works of Bishop Ken.

Dr. Magee's Voluntary System of the Established Church.

Gary's Map of Somerset, 1842.

better to on the Rev. W. L. Boiules* Strictures on

the Life and Writings of Pope.

Final Appeal to the Literary Public Relative to Pope.

Craddock's Supplement to Knowledge and Practice.

Three Civil War Tracts. — A Letter concerning the raising of
the Siege of Taunton, 1645 ; The Proceedings of the Army
under the Command oj Sir Thomas Fairfax, from the first
of July to the sixth, containing the story of the Club-men,
and Relief of Taunton, 1645 ; A True Relation of a Vic-
tory over the King's Forces being fought neere Langport,
July 10, 1645.

The Royal Sufferer, a Manual of Meditations and Devotions, by
Bishop Ken.

Episcopal Registers, Diocese of Exeter — John de Grandison,
part 2.

Year Book 16 Edward III, pt. 1.

Fifty-fifth Report of the Deputy Keeper of the Public Records.

Cooke's Description of Somerset, circa 1830.

Original Letters from Richard Baxter, and others, edited by
Rebecca Warner, Bath, 1817.

Deposited on Loan.

An Albino Kangaroo from Western Australia, by Miss
Walter, of Wellington.

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

SOMERSETSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND
NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY

DURING THE YEAR

IL— PAPERS, ETC.

OF LOD-HUISH AND DONIFORD, IN SOMERSET,
AND OF SAND, IN DEVON.

PREFATORY NOTE.

A FEW years since the MS. containing the following
pedigree of Huyshe was purchased from the catalogue
of a London bookseller. It is carefully written and bound,
and appears from a letter preserved and inserted, that it was
sent by the Rev. Francis Huyshe, of Pennsylvania, Exeter, to
John Burke, Esq., of Raynham Place, Chelsea, London, on
19th September, 1839. In this letter Mr. Huyshe says, " with
this you will receive a correct copy of Mr. Protheroe's pedi-
gree of Huyshe, which I believe you expect from him. I am
fully confident, that you will think your most valuable work
really honoured by the high ability and zeal that has spared
neither trouble nor expense, which he has brought to the work,
upon which he has been engaged very many years."

It is probable Mr. Burke was then compiling his Genea-
j logical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain
[and Ireland, and this pedigree was furnished him to give

Vol. XLIII (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. a

2 Papers, §*c.

particulars relative to the family of Huyshe. It has been
transcribed verbatim, slightly re-arranged in a few places for
greater clearness. The Notes added have been collected from
various sources, and special thanks are offered to Mr. Roscoe
Gibbs for the gift of his excellent drawings for the illustrations.

W. H. HAMILTON ROGERS, F.S.A.
EXETER, June, 1897.

INTRODUCTION.

THE following pedigree is based :—

I._ On the MSS. of Mr. Palmer of Fairfield, who took
great pains in the beginning of the last century on families of
West Somerset. His papers, which are in possession of Sir
Peregrine Palmer Acland, Bart., and his mother Lady Acland,
give the whole of the old Doniford Huyshes, and the branch
(of Wells) which produced Alexander Huish, the great
assistant of Walton in his Polyglott. Collinson is greatly
indebted to Mr. Palmer.

II. — The Heralds Visitations, which give Doniford and its
branches of London, Sand, and Clysthidon, from Oliver Huyshe
temp. Henry VI, down to the present.

III. — An old pedigree found among deeds that had been
brought from Sand in 1724. This gives the family of Huyshe
who first resided at Sand before the building of the present
house ; and states the connection of the Huyshes of Taunton
with those of Doniford and Sand. Its correctness is every-
where proved.

I conceive that every real judge will be struck with the
ability and indefatigable zeal of Mr. Protheroe, now M.P. for
Halifax, in corroborating these, and filling up from every

kind of authentic documents.

FRANCIS HUYSHE.

PENNSYLVANIA, NEAR EXETER,
September, 1837.

The Huyshe Family.

PRINTED ACCOUNTS OF THE FAMILY
OF HUYSHE.

SOME notices occur in Collinson's History of Somersetshire :—

I. — Introduction, page xxviii. Richard de Lod-Hywish,
among the possessors of land temp. Edward I.

II. — Page 201. Beckington, — Alexander Huish.

III.— Page 491. St. Decumans.

III. — Page 541. Nettlecombe, — Lodhuish.

A brief notice is found in Risdon's Devon (Sidbury, p. 34,
ed. 1811), who seems to have thought that none but an upstart
could befaber sua fortunes.

Sir William Pole — Collections, page 514 — on " Hiwys of
Hiwys," bears testimony against this ; p. 165 on Sand, Sir
William notices Rowland Huyshe, who built the "dainty
dwelling," as it was in Risdon's time.

A drawing of Sand appears in the Gentleman s Magazine of
March, 1834.

Lyson's Britannia notices Huyshe at p. cxlix, p. 119 and
444. He has deviated from the account that I gave him, and
is incorrect where he chose to depart from it. He, like Risdon,
at cxlix, is in opposition to Sir William Pole, 514. He says
Huyshe was probably a younger branch of Hiwis of Hiwis.

NOTE. — The offending notice by Risdon runs thus : — " Sand, was by the dean
and chapter granted unto William, surnamed of the place, in the reign of King
Henry III, to whom succeeded Deodatus his son, afterwards by a daughter of
Trivett, this land came to Tremayle, from whom descended Sir Thomas Tre-
mayle, one of the justices of common pleas in King Henry VII's time. This
was since purchased by one Huish, who is here seated in a dainty dwelling."

Sir W. Pole, who Risdon appears to have followed in his description of the
descent, says nothing as to a "dainty dwelling" ; which was Risdon's com-
mentary ; with the somewhat contemptuous prefix as to its builder.

Westcote notes — " In Sidbury at Sand, is a generous race of Huish."

The engraving of Sand was given by the Rev. Francis Huyshe to the Gentle-
man's Magazine.

4 Papers, fyc.

ARMS.

THE bearing of Huyshe since the marriage with the heiress
of Roach has been : — Argent, on a bend sable, three luces of the
field. Crest: — On a wreath argent and sable, an elephant's
head couped argent, crowned and tusked or.

The ancient bearings of Huyshe (tricked in the MS.) were

1. A chevron between three roundels.

2. A chevron, and in a chief three walnut or oak leaves.

NOTE. — In a genealogical window in Clysthidon church, the tinctures of the
antient coats of Huyshe are thus given : — (1) Sable, a chevron or, in a chief
argent, three leaves proper, and (2) Gules, a chevron between three plates argent.

THE REV. FRANCIS HUYSHE, sometime rector of Clysthidon,
Prebendary (of) Cutton in the Castle of Exeter, born 29th
Feb., 1768, married at Halifax in Yorkshire, 18th May, 1803.
HARRIET, third daughter of JOHN WATERHOUSE of Well-
head, Halifax, Esq., and Elizabeth his wife, second daughter
and coheir of Charles Beaty of Louth, by Bridget, daughter
and coheir of Robert Saunderson of Alford (Lincolnshire),
born 14th Oct., 1771. Issue:

1. — Horatio, born 3rd Nov., 1805, died 3 1st Dec. same year.

2.— Harriet, born 13th March, 1810 (married 20th Feb.,
1838 to Arthur Abbott).

Z.— Wentworth, born 29th May, 1812, died at Madeira 22nd

Nov., 1829.

NOTE. — Inscription in Clysthidon church:— "The Rev. Francis Huyshe,
M.A., many years rector of this parish. Born at Pembridge, Herefordshire,
29th February, 1768. Died, 28th August, 1839."

Arms : — Huyshe, impaling ; Or, a pile engrailed sable. (WATERHOUSE).

A memorial window to Arthur Abbott, ob. Nov. 1848, erected by his widow,
and a tablet to Wentworth Huyshe who died at Madeira, 1829.

His early virtues and the affection of his schoolfellows are
recorded on a cenotaph erected by them to his memory in
Harrow church.

The Huyshe Family.
LINEAGE.

THIS is a branch of the antient family of Huyshe of Doniford,
in Somersetshire, whose name, originally spelt Hywis, was
taken from their residence Lod-Hywis in the same county.

James Huyshe, third son of John Huyshe of Doniford,
living in the latter part of the sixteenth century, acquired
considerable wealth by trade in London.

Sand in Devonshire, which he bought of his cousins, Thomas
and Anthony Huysh, became the residence of his eldest son
Rowland and his posterity until 1724.

James Huyshe, the eldest son of Rowland, married a coheir
of the Reynells, of Credy, and his descendants thus became

possessed of the manor and advowson of Clysthidon.

NOTE. — The very antient name of Hiwis or Hywis, subsequently softened
by many variants to Huish or Huyshe, as a family appellative, is found in the
three counties of Somerset, Devon, and Cornwall. These may all have de-
scended from a common ancestor, or what is equally probable derived the name
from the locality they resided in. A recent writer, the Rev. J. Stubbs —article,
Huish-Episcopi — in Vol. XX, S. A . & N, H. S. Proceedings, 1894, p. 76, remarks
"The word Huish is variously derived. By some it is traced to the Celtic
' Wych' (pronounced 00-ish) meaning 'water,' and it is assigned as a reason
why so many places bear this designation that they are to be found in those
spots, where a small rivulet or stream trickles down between two rising grounds.
By others, the origin of the name is to be found in the Anglo-Saxon ' Hi-wisc ' —
'the homestead' — 'the homestead farm '—consisting of a 'hide' of land, the
territorial possession of a primitive Teutonic family, and we are pointed to the
fact that each Huish is to be found near some large town. But whatever the
origin of the word ' Huish ' the name carries us far back into history. "

Hiwis is mentioned in Domesday, and thus quoted by Collinson, vol. i, p.
xxviii : —

SUMMERSETE. Raimer (clericus) ten. de W. HIWIS. Chinesi tenuit T.R.E.
& geldebat pro una virg. terrae. Terra est 1 car. quse ibi est cum 1 servo &
1 cotar & 3 bord. Valuit & val. 10 solid. Radulfus ten. de W. HIWIS. Ailuui
tenuit T.R.E. & geldebat pro una virg. terrfe. Terra est 1 car. quse ibi est
cum 5 bord. Valuit & val. 10 sol.

Beside the Lod-Hywish of this present descent in Nettlecombe, we have
Huish-Episcopi and Huish-Champflower in Somerset, and Huish in North
Devon, and North and South Huish in South Devon, all parishes so named.

The Somersetshire family of Hywis or Huish, is carefully traced in the
pedigree. Of the Devonshire descent Sir W. Pole writes, p. 347, "Stowford,
or Stafford, and Boveland (in North Devon), did Philip de Hiwis hold in King
Henry IPs time (1154-89), unto whom succeeded three of the name of William.
The last Sir William married Jone, daughter and heir of Sir Richard Bauceyn,
of Norton Bauceyn, Kut., and had issue, Sir Richard de Hiwys, which married
Matild, daughter of Sir Alan Blochou the elder, Knt., and had issue, Sir
Richard ; he died, A.D., 1297. Sir Richard, his son, married Margaret, daughter
of Sir Adam Crete, and had issue by Emeline, daughter of Sir William
Botreaux, Sir Richard. The said Sir Richard died, A.D., 1340, and his son

6 Papers, §*c.

Richard ten years before him. Sir Richard Hiwis the fourth, married Alis,
daughter of Sir Ralph Blanchmonster, and had issue, William Hiwis, which
died without issue, and Emeline, wife of Sir Robert Tresilian, Chief Justice of
England, and after unto Sir John Colshull."

This descent of Hywis had possessions and were also seated at Lansallos and
Tremodart in Duloe, Cornwall. On 2nd August, 1310, Dame Matilda de Hiwis,
relict of Sir Richard, ob. 1297, obtained from Walter Stapledon, Bishop of Exeter,
license for an oratory at Tremodart, in Duloe, and on the 20th May, 1332, Sir
Richard de Hywische, Knt., obtained licenses from John Grandison, Bishop of
Exeter, for oratories at Rathewell, in Lansallos, and Tremoderet, or Tremodart,
in Duloe. Their arms appear to have been Gules, fretty argent, with sometimes
the addition of a Canton of the second.

Pole, further observes, p. 514, "The issue male (of Hiwis) continued unto
the latter end of King Edward Ill's time. The heir general is Copleston, by
Hauley and Tresilian. There is not any left of that family ; but there is of
the name of another family which came out of Somersetshire."

PEDIGEEE.

I. — ]R,tC!)fttil t>£ =l^ptoi& of Lod-Hywis, living in the reign
of King John (1199-1216), had issue (1) Richard de Hywis,
and (2) John.

II. — 31^&ft &f lljjjtoi#, of Lynch, in the parish of Lux-
borough. He had issue, John.

HI. — 31°6n ^ l&gtoigtf), who had a grant of a house and
a carucate of land in Doniford, from John Fitzurse, 38 Henry
III, 1254. (Contemporaries). Mr. Palmer mentions a Bar-
tholomew de Lod-Hywish and an Andrew of the same name,
living in the reign of Henry III. The latter had a daughter
who married Andrew de Cottele. He had issue, Geffry.

LOD-HYWISH.

NOTE.— Collinson notes, " The family of Hewish takes its name from Hewish,
otherwise Lud- Hewish, in the parish of Nettlecombe, and is descended from
John de Hywis, of Linch, in the parish of Luxborough. The descendants of
this John lived at Linch, and sometimes at Doniford till the time of Henry
IV (1399-1413), when Oliver Hewish, of Doniford, gave his lands at Linch to
Richard his younger son, whose posterity settled at Holnicot, in the parish of
Sel worthy, and were the ancestors of the Steynings of that place." There
appears to have been two manors in Nettlecombe with the affix Hywish —
Begarn- Hy wish, and Lud-Hywish. "The latter, in the time of King John
(1199-1216), had owners of the same name, progenitors of the Hewishes of
Linch and Doniford. Richard de Hewis, of Hewis, in the time of Henry III
(1216-72), was the father of another Richard, who, 17 Edward I (1289), calls
himself Pdchard de Lod-Hywish. At the same time there were Bartholomew
and Andrew de Lod-Hywish, the last of whom had a daughter married to
Richard de Cottelle."

Begarn-Hywish appears subsequently to have passed into the possession of
the Wyndhams, and Lod-Hywish to the Trevelyans.

The Huyshe Family.

IV.— dSeffrg tie ^£tot& living 10 Edward I (1282). He
was on the Jury, 2 Edward I, for the hundred of Williton,
county of Somerset (see Hundred Rolls). He had issue, John.

V.— 3|OJ)n tie ^totgj), of Lynch and Doniford, 19 Edward
II (1326). He had issue (1) Gilbert de Hi/wish; (2) Wil-
liam de Hywysh, living 3 and 5 Edward III (1330-2), as ap-
pears by Fines in the Chapter House, Westminster; (3) Joan,
married Walter Perceval, second son of Sir Richard Perceval,
of Corneville, Knt. A widow in 1387. She conveyed her
lands in East Quantock to her brother Gilbert,

NOTE. — There was a family of Percival located at Weston-in-Gordano,
Somerset, mentioned in the Visitations of that county, "whose ancestors came
out of Wales." Their arms, Argent, on a chief indented gules, three crosses
patee or.

VI.— (Gilbert tie ^ptoi#j), aforesaid was of Doniford and
Lynch, 4 Edward III (1331), and by Fine dated 5 Edward
III, he with John Durborough and others was witness to a
grant made by John Mohun, Lord of Dunster, to that Priory,
15 Edward III (1343).

He married £llice, daughter of SIR JOHN DURBOROUGH,
Knt., and had issue (1) Oliver; (2) Alexander-, (3) John.
(4) Agnes, wife of John de Tetton.

NOTE. — Sir John Hulle (or Hylle) of Kyton, in Holcombe-Rogus, Devon, one
of the judges of King's Bench, ob. 24th June, 1408, married as his first wife,
Dionysia, daughter of Sir John Durburgh, Knt., and widow of Martin Langdon.
She died, 13th October, 1387. Sister probably of Alice Hywish. The Hulles
were afterward of Spaxton.

VII.— ^DUbet I£ptot0l), of Doniford and Linch, 42 and 49
Edward III (1369-76). He married ..... the daughter and
heir of SIMON DE LA ROCHE.

NOTE.— 2 Edward I (1274), William de la Roche, one of
the Jurors of the Hundred of Williton (see Hundred Rolls).
32 Edward I (1304), William de la Roche. 2 Edward II
(1309), Richard de la Roche. 3 Edward III (1330), Richard
de la Roche. Simon de la Roche and Elizabeth his wife.
Alice, widow of Richard de la Roche (see Fines, Chapter
House, Westminster, Somerset.)

In consequence of this marriage the arms of Roche, Argent,

8 Papers, &fc.

on a bend sable, three roaches proper, were taken by him and
his posterity instead of the antient bearings of the Hywis's,
which had been a chevron between three roundels, and a chevron
on a chief three leaves. (Contemporary) 3 and 5 Edward III
(1330-2), a William de Hywish (Fines, Chap. H, Westminster,
Somerset).

He had issue (1) John Huyish ; (2) Richard Huyish, to
whom his father gave Lynch, living 10 Henry Y (1423), who
had issue Oliver Hewish, of Holnicault, in the parish of S el-
worthy, whose daughter and heiress married John Woode, of
North-Taw ton, and had issue a daughter (represented by some
pedigrees as an heiress) who married William Steynings.
Other pedigrees, those of Woode, give her a brother John,
ancestor of the Woodes of North Tawton.

NOTE. — There was a family of de la Rupe, or de la Roche, in Devon.
Richard de Rupe, or de Roche, held Cotleigh, 27 Henry III (1243), and to him
his son Robert, temp. Edward I. Sir Ralph Arundell married Eva, eldest
daughter and coheir of Richard de Rupe (Pole). Sir Thomas Archdeacon
married Alice, daughter and coheir of Sir Thomas de la Roche, their son John
married Cecily, daughter and heir of Jordan de Haccombe. Through this mar-
riage the Carews quarter the arms of this descent of Roche, which are given
at Gules, three roaches in pale naiant argent.

Collinson says Simon Raleigh (second son of John Raleigh, of Nettlecombe,
by Ismania Hani am, his second wife), a celebrated knight who was at the battle
of Agincourt. married secondly Joan, daughter of Oliver Huish, of Doniford.
She survived him seventeen years, and 33 Henry VI (1455), completed the
endowment of the chantry her husband had founded in Nettlecombe church.
John Wood, of North Tawton, married Margaret, daughter and heir of Oliver
Hewish, and had issue John, and Maud married to William Steyning.

VIII.— 3|olm ^Uptet), of Doniford, 10 Henry VI (1433).
He married Catl)£ttn£ ..... and had issue Oliver.

NOTE. — John Huyshe was seized of the manor of Lud-Huyshe, and by his
deed, dated Tuesday, the Feast of S S. Peter and Paul, Henry V, he thereby
enfeoffed Hugh Gary and others to hold to them and their heirs for ever, to the
use of the said John Huyshe and his heirs. And by deed dated 8th May,
8 Henry VI (1430), gave the said manor to John Hyll and Cecyle his wife,
remainder to Thomas, son of John Hyll and his heirs, and failing them to the
right heirs of John Hyll (Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, Vol iii, second
series, page 1 12). This was John Hyll, of Spaxton (grandson of Sir John Hyll
before mentioned), ob. 14th October, 1434, married Cecily, daughter and coheir
of John Stourton, of Preston, Somerset, ob. 19th April, 1472.

IX.— OUtier ^£toi0f), of Doniford, 30 Henry VI (1455).
He married ^Oljanna, daughter and coheir of JOHN AVENELL,
of Blackpoole, in the parish of Southmolton, in the county of
Devon.

The Huyshe Family. 9

NOTE. — The pedigree of Huysh in the Visitation of Somer-
set, and that in Mr. Palmer's MS. in the Dowager Lady
Acland's possession at Bath, state that Oliver Huysh married
Johanna, daughter and heir of Richards. This appears to be
an error arising from a family of Richards, of Somersetshire
and Devon, having borne the arms of Avenell. It is probable
that they adopted them in consequence of the marriage of
their ancestor Edward Richards, with Eleanor, one of the
daughters and coheirs of John Avenell, of Loxbeare, in
Devon. Edward Richards died, it appears, by inquisition,
10th Oct., 5 Henry VIII (1514).

The statement in the text is in accordance with the old
family pedigree found at Sand, which calls her coheir of
Avenell with her sisters, wives of Weekes (or Wykes), and Hoi-
combe ; and this is corroborated by the pedigrees of Weekes
or Wykes, and those of Holcombe, and by the following Inqui-
sitions post mortem.

Richard Wykes, of North Wykes, county of Devon, married
Elizabeth, daughter and coheir of John Avenell, of Black-
poole. By inquisition taken after the death of his son,
William Wykes, who died last day of March, 14 Henry VIII
(1523), it appears that he held a third of Blackpoole, under
the manor of Warkley.

Roger Holcombe married Margaret, another coheir. By
inquisition taken after the death of Margaret Holcombe, who
died 7th April, 15 Henry VII (1502), it appears she held a
third of Blackpoole of the Bourchiers, Lords of the manor of
Warkley. Her son Charles Holcombe died 2nd January, 19
[enry VIII (1528), and also among other lands held a third
>f Blackpoole.

No positive proof has been found that Johanna, wife of
Oliver Huyshe, inherited a third of Blackpoole, as one of the
three coheiresses, but Risdon, on Southmolton (p. 307, ed.
1811) says, "Blackpole is a ty thing of Molton, where Pollard,
Grambon, and Huish, held lands ; some are of opinion that a

Vol. XLIII (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. b

10 Papers, fyc.

manor divided between coheirs, each of them hath a manor."
This shews that the manor of Blackpole was divided into three
shares by the marriage of coheiresses, and that one share
continued in the name of Huish, after those of Wykes and
Holcombe were lost.

Oliver Hewish had issue (1) Oliver; (2) Elizabeth, wife
of John Dodington of Dodington ; (3) Anne, wife of Alexan-
der Vernie, son by the third wife of John Vernie, of Fairfield,
county of Somerset.

NOTE. — The Avenells were a very antient Devonshire family. From Pole
we learn that William Avenell married Emma, one of the daughters of Baldwin
de Brionis, or de Sap, to whom the Conqueror gave the honour of Okehampton.
A Nicholas Avenell held Sheepwash, temp. Henry III (1216-72), and gave for
his arms on a seal circumscribed with his name, three eaglets displayed, two and
one. The main branch was seated at Loxbeare. Galfride de Avenell held Lox-
beare, temp. Henry 11(1154 89). William Avenill presented to the living in 1285,
and John Avenill, " Lord of Lokkesbeare, " also in 1401. The family continued
there until one of the three ultimate coheiresses married Richards, whose son
James was joint holder of the land. temp. Henry VII (1485-1509). They bore for
their arms the coat displayed in the third and fourth shields in the window.

The third shield in the window at Sand is charged with argent, five fusils in
fess sable, between two cotises gules (AVENELL of Loxbeare), impaling argent, a
fees between three mens legs, sable (GAMBON).

This implies that Avenell married a daughter and probably a coheiress of
Gambon, and their daughter married Huyshe. The Gambons were of Morystone,
or Morestone in Halberton from a remote period. Walter Gambon presented to
Bondleigh, 1316-17, and they had property and a residence at Blackpole in
Southmolton, where Bishop John Grandison licensed Walter Gambon to have
an oratory for the celebration of Divine service there, 15th May, 1332. Walter
Gambon, domicellus presented to Bondleigh in 1401, and Bishop Stafford
licensed John Gambon and Idenia his wife to have an oratory within their
mansion of Moorstone in Halberton, 23rd January, 1405-6.

The fourth shield in the window, is Huyshe, impaling Avenell.

John Wood, of Asheridge in North Tawton, married Margaret, daughter of
Oliver Huish, and had issue John, who married Anne, daughter of William
Pollard of Horwood, with further descent (Pole).

In the Somerset Visitations, we find William Steyninge of Holnicote, married
Maud, daughter of John Wood, and heir to her mother, Margaret, daughter of
Oliver Huish, and if so, sister of John Wood the younger.

The sixth shield in the window is charged with Argent, a bat volant, on a
chief sable, three pallets of the field (STEYNINGE), impaling Huyshe.

The seventh shield in the window, although much mutilated, is Steyninge,
impaling Huyshe, apparently a duplicate of the sixth, and probably bore some
heraldic difference on the portion destroyed.

The Dodingtons were of Dodington, near Bridgwater. John Dodington,
who married Elizabeth Huyshe, was son and heir of John Dodington, and Mary
the daughter of John Payne of Button. They were living, 2 Richard 111, 1485.

The fifth shield in the window is Sable, three hunting horns argent, stringed
and garnished or. (DODINGTON), impaling Huyshe.

The pedigree of Verney, of Fairfield, in Stoke Courcy, is found in the
Visitations of Somerset for 1531 and 1573. No Alexander appears or John
with three wives, but they matched with Broughton, Gambon, and Sydenham,
similar to the Huyshes ; their arms, Argent, three fern leaves infesse.

The Huyshe Family. 11

X.— filter I^tfm0f), of Doniford, 10 Henry VII (1495),
married a CfttiniMtfj), and had issue (1) John Huyshe; (2)
Humphrey Hewish, from whom Huysh first of Sand ; (3)
Thomas Huysh, from whom Huysh of Taunton ; and (4) a
daughter who married Chichester, of Hawle, in Devon.

NOTE. — The eighth shield in the window is charged with Huyshe, impaling,
Sable, three bucks heads argent (CAVENDISH). Her descent has not been traced.

The ninth shield displays Sable, a chevron or, between three bucks heads
argent, attired or; impaling Huyshe. For a daughter's alliance, the dexter coat
being that of Broughton, of Samford-Bickford in Wembdon. Granted in 1591,
with crest, A spaniel sejant ermine.

Oliver Hewish was Escheator for Somerset, 19 Henry VIII, 1528.

Will of Thomas Broughton, of Sampford-Bickfield, in Wembdon, Esq., dated
20th August, 1579, proved 28th January, 1579-80, mentions his sons Robert,
George, Erasmus (he married Joan, daughter of John Haydon, of Devon), and
daughter Marie (wife of William Saunders), to be buried at Wembdon, "in
the Allye near unto my seate." Testator appears to have married thrice, (1)
Dorothy, daughter of John Cuffe ; (2) Alice, daughter of Robert Corborne, or
Cutbert, of Chester ; (3) Lucy, daughter of John Welch.

Will of Robert Broughton, his son and heir, of the same place, proved 20th
May, 1631. My daughters Jane (wife of James Clarke of Norton Fitzwarren),
Elizabeth (wife, lirst to Wm. Frampton, of Moreton, Dorset, and there buried,
aged 43 ; and second to Thomas Hannam, of Wimborne-Minster, ob. 1652), to
be buried at Wembdon, near my wife. She was Gertrude, daughter of Richard
Cooper, of Winscombe.

The unnamed daughter probably married a son of Richard Chichester, the
first of Hall, by marriage with Thomasine, ob. 1503, daughter of Simon de Hall.
The alliance is not mentioned in the Visitations,

XI. — 31°&n lt?£to£g|)£, of Doniford, gentleman. His will is
dated 24th July, 1551, 5 Edward VI, and proved in the P.C.C.
8th February, 1552. He married <BtaC£, daughter of RICHARD
WALROND, Esq. Her brother, Humphry Walrond, is men-
tioned in John Hewyshe's will. They had issue — (1) William,
of whom hereafter; (2) Roger, ancestor of Huysh of Aller ;
(3) James, ancestor of Huyshe of London, Sand, and Clyst-
hidon, and two daughters ; (4) Dorothy, married to Edward
Hensley, of Devon ; (5) Alice, married to John Borne.

NOTE. — Richard Walrond was probably a younger son of John Walrond the
younger, of Bovye, Devon, whose will was proved 14th May, 1567, by Joan, his
relict. To be buried at Seaton ; mentions his daughters, Elizabeth and Jane,
Edward and John his sons, Richard my youngest son, his brother Humphrey,
and cousin Humphrey.

John Hewyshe, by his will— to be buried at St. Decuman's — mentions his
eldest daughter, Dorothy, his youngest, Alice Borne ; his son Roger to be his
executor, and to him " my lease of my tenement in Donyford, which I had of
the grant and demise of one John Walton, and afterward confirmed by one
Robert Walton, gent., cousin and next heir of the said John Walton."

12 Papers, §-c.

The Hensley's were of Berrynarbour, in North Devon. John Hensley
married Margaret, daughter of Richard Chichester, of Hall, and had issue
Edward Hensley.

The tenth shield in the Sand window, the dexter coat, which was, doubtless,
Huyshe, is destroyed, but the impalement displays argent, three bulls' heads
cabossed sable, eyed and horned argent, a crescent gules for difference ( WALROND,
of Bovey).

XII.— MlHItam ^ttpgtfje, of Doniford, Esq., married first,
(EUttt, daughter of JOHN GAUNT, of Dorset, Esq., and
secondly, ^Ojanua, daughter of JOHN SYDENHAM, Esq. By
his first wife he had issue ( 1 ) Sylvester, of whom hereafter ;
(2) John; (3) Honor a ; (4) Dorothy; and by his second; (5)
John Huyshe, ancestor of Huysh of Wells.

NOTE. — In the Somerset Visitation, 1623, He wish quarters Gaunt (of Dorset,
in the Visitation, 1573, queried as Graunt of Somerset; Barry of nix or and
azure, on a bend engrailed gules, three spear heads or ; and she is there called
Elizabeth. The crest of Huyshe is given as, an elephant's head couped azure
bezanUe, crowned or, and the^A- in the shield as argent, finned and tailed, or.

There was a family named Gaunt or Agaunt, who were located at Nash, in
Broadwinsor. Dorset, of which Hutchins says "it was anciently a manor, a
member of Marsh wood, now a farm." It came to the Coplestones of Shipton-
Gorge (a parish near), a branch of the main descent of Coplestone, in Devon,
temp. Edw. IV, whose posterity long enjoyed it. 37 Henry VIII, 1546, John
Agaunt held this manor, and about 1516-7, Henry VIII, Anthony Beaushin,
married Margaret his daughter, but both appear to have been only lessees.
John Coplestone, of Nash, son of Nicholas of Shipton-Gorge, 28 Henry VIII,
1537, married Margerie, daughter and coheir of John Gaunt, of Nash. From
the Visitations, we learn that William Hancock of Combe-Martin, Devon,
married Elizabeth, daughter and coheir of John de Gaunt of Lambert's Castle —
a high hill with a British encampment on its summit, situate in the neigh-
bouring parish of Hawk church, but no residence there ; and George Knolles,
of Little- Hempston, Devon, married Elizabeth, daughter and coheir of John
Gaunt of Marchwood, Dorset. As these coheiresses had different names, and
were living about the same time, it is quite probable they were sisters. The
arms given also are the same.

Johanna (or query Dorothy) his second wife, was daughter of John Syden-
ham, Esq., of Combe, Somerset, ob. 1561, by his wife Elizabeth, daughter of
John Frank, of Allerbutler (?), Somerset. He was the son of Edward Syden-
ham, Esq., by Joan, daughter of Walter Combe, of Combe, which Edward
was the son of John Sydenham by the heiress of Collyn, of Culmstock, in
Devon. Arms, Argent, three rams passant sable.

XIIL— ^>Ute#t*r 1?U££!), of Doniford, Esq., 18 and 32
Elizabeth (1576-90), married &ltC£, daughter of WILLIAM
NORRIS, of Milverton, Esq., and had issue (1) William, of
whom hereafter ; (2) Giles, died 6th July, 1625 (see proceedings
of suit Wyndham v. Huysh, Court of Wards and Liveries) ;
(3) Amias, living 1599; (4) Elizabeth, living 1599; (5) John,
and (6) James, also mentioned in Mr. Palmer's MS.

The Hwjshe Family. 13

NOTE. — Westcote says: " John Norris of Gibhouse in Winkleigh, Devon, had
issue, John of Splate in Somerset, and William of Milverton, who had issue
John, Richard, and Sylvester. John Norris, grandson of John of Splate is
described of St. Decumans, Somerset."

Will of William Norrice (Norris) of Milverton, Somerset, dated 9th June
(but query January), and proved 2nd November, 1573, by Elizabeth Norrice,
the relict (she was daughter of Baker, and testator was buried 20th January,
1573). To Alice my daughter " my white beare cupp of silver." My daughters
Elizabeth and Johan. My son-in-law Silvester Huishe. My daughter Huishe.
My sons John and Robert, etc.

XIV. — fijflliUtam ^Ui#i), of Doniford, Esq. His nuncu-
pative will dated llth October, 1599 ; proved 17th October,
1599. By inquisition, taken at Bridg water, 16th January,
2 James I (1605), it appears he died 16th November, 42
Elizabeth (1600). He married (glijatet!) fl^Orffail. Thomas
Morgan, of St. George's, Somerset, is the guardian of their
son, a minor.

NOTE. — The Morgans were of Easton-in-Gordano, or St. George's ; (36 Henry
VI [I, 1545) Richard Malet, of Enmore, and Joan his wife, sold the manor of
Easton to Richard Morgan and his heirs ; he died about 1559.

Administration of Richard Morgan (son of the above) of Easton-in-Gordano,
granted to Dorothy Morgan his relict, 17th September, 1584.

Will of Dorothy Morgan of St. George's, Somerset, widow, proved 19th
June, 1599. To be buried in St. George's. Mentions her sons Edward,
Richard, Thomas, and Arthur. My sou Hewish. My son-in-law, John Neth-
waye, and my daughter Ann his wife. Many monuments to them are in
Easton church, their arms sable, three cross-crosdets in bend argent.

XV.— 3|ol)n ^UV&ty or ^Uigtf), of Doniford, aged seven
years at his father's decease. By inguisitio post mortem, taken
at Sowton, 2nd April, 4 Charles I (1629), it appears he died
2nd November, 3 Charles I ( 1 628). He married 3!oaiX, daugh-
ter of JOHN MANNINGS, of Hackland, in Cullompton, Devon,
by Dorothy, daughter of Sir John Strangeways, of Melbury,
Dorset, and Dorothy, daughter of Sir John Thynne, of Long-
leat, Knt. She had licence to re-marry from the Court of
Wards and Liveries, 30th November, 5 Charles I (1630), a
liberty she does not appear to have availed herself of, for ad-
ministration of the effects of Joan Huish was granted 15th
April, 1649, by the P.C.C. to her son, Edward Huish. They
had issue four sons, viz. : — (1) John, (2) Edward, (3) William,
(4) Lewis.

NOTE. — There is the will of a Joan Huish, of Tuckerton in North Petherton,
widow, dated 12th September, 1638 ; proved 9th February, 1638-9, by Henry

14 Paper -s,

Bidygood. To be buried in West Monkton. My sister, Margaret Bidgegood ;
my children, Margaret, George, and William ; Robert, son of William Huishe ;
Winifred, daughter of Roger Huishe.

XVI.— 3|OJ|n ^UJlQr^ or Alltel), aged six years, ten months
and twenty-seven days at his father's death. He was baptized
at St. Decuman's, May, 1621. His will is dated 27th Novem-
ber, 1648, and proved 4th May, 1649. He makes no mention
of either wife or issue ; but from a monument at St. Decuman's
Church, which is much defaced, it appears probable that he
had a wife, 2D0r0tI)JJ, who was buried 27th April, 164 — .

NOTE.— By his will, dated 27th November, 1648, proved 4th May, 1649, by
his brother Edward. To be buried in the south aisle of St. Decuman's Church.
Mentions his brothers William and Lewis, and twenty shillings to his cousin,
Ann Lucas, for a ring.

DONIFORD.

Collinson thus describes the descent of Doniford :— " In the time of Henry II
(1154—89), Richard Fitzurse granted this manor to William de Reigni, before
which grant it had been part of his demesne. In this family of Reigni, who
lived at Asholt, in the hundred of Cannington, it continued till 6 Edward II
(1313), being held by the service of a whole knight's fee and suit of court twice
a year, if required, of the families of Cantilupe and Hastings, lords of the manor
of Berwick. 8 Edward II (1315), it was, together with its appurtenances in
Watchet and Stogumber, jointly held by Nicholas de Barton, William de Horsi.
John Fraunceis, and John Crabbe, as heirs to William de Reigni, who died
5 Edward II (1312). All these shares continued in these families till 42 Edward
III (1369), when the part of Fraunceis became the property of Oliver de
Hewish."

The old house at Doniford — the cradle of the Huyshe family — which, to-
gether with the paternal estate there, this John Huysh, ob. 1648—9, is said to
have alienated to the Wyndhams, still exists ; it is of some size, but now
modernized to the extinction of almost all its antient features.

The massive oak front door, opening under a somewhat acutely pointed arch,
and apparently the oldest relic left, still hangs on its hinges, as solid and firm
as when first placed there. Several elliptic arched doorways occur within, and
the original walls are of great thickness. The most perfect portion remaining
is a transeptal end, extending a little beyond the main front, gabled, and with
two stone-mullioned and labelled windows of some si/e (similar to that found at
Sand) of early seventeenth century date. '1 his part is now used as a cellar, but
one of the old chambers within exhibits an ornamental stuccoed cornice con-
tinued across the central beam. There are no arms, initials, or date discover-
able. Doniford is pleasantly situate about a mile east of Watchet and close on
the sea shore.

The monument to John Huysh, noted in the pedigree as having existed in
the parish church of St. Decuman's, has now totally disappeared, and no trace
of it discoverable after careful search.

The record on Edward Huish's gravestone at St. Cuthbert's, that " he departed
this life here at Wells" and was there buried, appears to confirm the information
that it was his brother, John Huysh, who disposed of Doniford, which had been
held by the family for nearly three centuries.

XVII.— (E&toarll ^Ui#j), of Doniford, Esq., baptized at
St. Decuman's, December, 1622 ; buried at St. Cuthbert's,
Wells, where his monument, a flat stone in the south aisle,

The Huyshe Family. 15

yet remains. He died 16th August, and was buried the 19th,
1669. The arms on the stone are Huysh, impaling, a chevron
between three mullets pierced.

NOTE. — The flat stone still exists in the south aisle of St. Cuthbert's, but
exceedingly worn and frayed, and it was with the utmost difficulty the following
portion of the inscription could be recovered : —

' ' Here resteth the body of Edward Hvish, of Doniford,
Esq., who departed this life here at Wells the (16) day of
Avgvst, 1669.

to live with me,

And I not good enovgh to dye with thee.

Behold thy life by me..
Who sometime was as thov,
And thov in time shalt be,
Bvt dvst as I am now."

Above the inscription is an hour-glass, etc., and faint traces of the shield
bearing Huish, impaling a chevron between three mullets, or cinque/oils. At the
base of the stone another and apparently later inscription has been cut, but too
denuded to be made out. There is a mournful cadence apparent in the inscrip-
tion and epitaph, which seems to point to the adverse fate then awaiting this,
the main stem of Huyshe, not only by the disposal of the family patrimony, but
its extinction also on the deaths of his two brothers, William and Lewis, of
whom no further particulars are recorded.

The impalement on the gravestone is similar to that of Sambourne, of Tims-
bury — argent, a chevron sable, between three mullets gules, pierced or.

XVIIL— flfllilUam I£tU0i), baptized March, 1623, at St.
Decuman's. According to Mr. Palmer, he it was who sold
the family estate to the Wyndhams in 1671. But this is cer-
tainly a mistake, for, according to the late Mr. Tripp, Lord
Egrernont's steward, the Wyndham title shews that John was
the man who alienated the old paternal property.

xix.—

FIRST POSSESSOR OF SAND, IN SIDBURY, DEVON.

I.— ^Utttpljrep =|£etoi0!}, or tyuy&fy, second son of Oliver
Hewish, of Doniford, married ^ftCQU^t, daughter and coheir
of JOHN HAWLE, of High-Bray, in the parish of Southmolton,
Devon, and had issue (1) Henry Hewish, of whom hereafter ;
(2) John Huish, of Okeford, Devon. Will dated 12th March,

16 Papers, frc.

31 Elizabeth (1589), proved at Barnstaple, May, 1589. He
married Wilmot, daughter of Roger Prescott, Esq., and relict
of Gregory Kadford, of Okeford, Esq. Will dated 17th
January, 1604, and proved at Barnstaple, 6th March, 1604.
He died without issue. (3) Bartholomew Huishe, of Studley,
Devon, gentleman. Will dated 4th May, 1578, and proved at
Barnstaple, 9th June, same year. He had no issue by Mary,
his wife, who was relict of Veysie. (4) John Huyshc, who
died unmarried.

NOTE. — High-Bray is a distinct parish in North Devon. Hall is in the parish
of Bishops-Tawton, "where the name of Hall had formerly their residence,
but Simon de Halle, a man learned in the laws, procured this his ancestor's
dwelling to be his inheritance, and left it unto Thomasine, his daughter, wife
of .Richard Chichester, third son of Richard Chichester, of Ralegh." — (Pole).

Gregory Radford, of Oakford, in North Devon (son of Richard Radford, of
Oakford, and Joan, daughter of .... Hill, alias Spurway), married Wilmot,
daughter of Roger Prescott, and by her had two sons — Richard, buried 1569,
and John, buried 1622.

II.— !t?£nrj? ^ftotjGtf), or !£U£0l), aforesaid, purchased the
estate and dwelling of Sand, in the parish of Sidbury, Devon,
in 1560-1. By inquisition taken at Tiverton it appears that
he died 21st January previous. He was buried at Sidbury,
21st January, 1566. He married (Clint, daughter of JOHN
STAVELEY, of East Buckland, in the county of Devon, Esq.,
by Joan, daughter and coheir of John Lapflode. She was
buried at Sidbury, 27th May, 1592. He had issue, three sons
and five daughters: (1) Thomas ; (2) Anthony, of both of
whom hereafter; (3) William Hewuh, Rector of Kilkhampton,
in Cornwall. Will dated 5th January, 1610, proved in the
Bishop of Exeter's Court, 4th May, 1611. He married Joan,
daughter of William Perrie, and relict of Osborne, by whom
he had issue two daughters, Elizabeth, wife of William Wcston,
and Nazar, wife of George Lippincott, of Wibbery, Devon.
(4) Ellen, wife of Richard Cooke, Esq., who had issue, Mary
and Ellen. (5) Joan, wife of William Stoford, of Ottery St.
Mary, and had issue. (6) Elizabeth, died without issue, first
married Peter Drayton, of Exeter (Schoolmaster), secondly
John Doughtie, incumbent of Alphington. (7) Grace, married

The Huyshe Family. 17

William Norreys, of Lyme, and had issue. (S) Jane, married
Richard Bevys, of Exeter, and had issue. From her descend
the Bevys, of Clist House, Dartmouth, and Barnstaple. Mr.
Westcote, in his pedigree of Devon families, No. 2297, MSS.
Harley, says she married secondly William Martin, Recorder
of Exeter.

SAND I.

NOTE. — The descent of the manor of Sand is thus stated by Pole. It was
granted about Henry IPs time (1216-72), by the Dean and Chapter of Exeter,
to William and Deodatus de Sand, from whom divers descents proceeded. In
the reign of Henry V (1413-22), Roger Tremayle had Over-Sand. To Roger
Tremayle and Margaret his wife, Bishop Stafford granted license for an oratory
in their house at Over-Sand, Sidbury, 25th January, 1418-19.

To him succeeded John, and to him Sir Thomas Tremayle, a Justice of the
Common Pleas, temp. Henry VII. Philip his son succeeded, who married
Jane, daughter of Nicholas Whiting, of Combe, in the adjoining parish of
Gittisham. They left a daughter Florence, married to Nicholas Ashley, and it
is probable from her, or her representatives, that Henry Huyshe purchased
Sand.

Sir Thomas Tremayle was knighted at the marriage of Prince Arthur, in
1501. He bore for his arms, quarterly, (1) A fess between three brogues, (2)
Trivett, (3) A chevron between three escallops argent (FAR WAY).

The first shield of the series of twelve displayed in the hall windows at Sand
is charged with Tremayle, argent, afess between three brogues (shoes) gules.

The adjoining manor of Stone, in Sidford, was held by the family of Trivett.
From the same source (Pole) we learn that Roger Tremayle (as above) married
Margaret, daughter of John Trivett and Joan Farway, Joan her sister (?), to
whom the manor fell, married Roger Pym John Trivett was the son of Peter,
"who had a great part thereof," in King Edward Ill's time. The Pyms held
it for several generations, ultimately disposing of it to Periam, of Exeter. The
Somerset Visitation, 1531-73, gives Peter Trivett, of Chilton-Trivett, in Can-
nington, married Joan Farway, to him John, of Sidbury (a younger branch of
Trivett of Durborough, Collinson), and to him Peter, ob. s.p. , and his sister
and heir married Roger Pym. The arms of Trivett (argent) a trivet (sable),
apparently, super-imposed by the arms of Pym (argent) an annulet (sable),
appear in a shield on a boss in the roof of the nave of Sidbury church.

Harcombe, another manor in Sidbury, was, according to Pole, "the inheri-
tance of William de Harcombe, temp. Edward I, and after, at the latter end of
King Edward III, Ralph Lapflode (of Lapflode, in Bridford) was owner thereof,
which left issue Jane, wife of John Staveley, and Sibil, wife of John Halse.
This land fell unto Staveley by partition, and Bartholomew Staveley sold the
same, and Rowland Huysh, of Sand, Esquire, hath bought a good part thereof
and enlarged his demesnes."

Ellen Staveley, the wife of Henry Huysh, was the grand- daughter and
coheir of John Lapflode — Bartholomew Staveley was her brother.

The arms of Lapflode, gules, a chevron betweeen three goats1 heads erazed
argent, armed or, are on a shield in the windows of the hall at Sand, second in
the series, thus with that of Tremayle, indicating the acquisition of both manors
of Sand and Harcombe by Huyshe. The arms of Staveley do not appear.

Nazar, or Nazareth Huish, second daughter of the Rev. William Huish, of
Kilkhampton, married first George Lippincott, of Barnstaple, ob. 7th December,
1624, and secondly, in 1635, William Fauntleroy, of Fauntleroy Marsh, Dorset.

Richard Cooke, probably of Thorne, near Ottery. The Stowfords of Ottery
were a younger branch of that family settled there. R. Norris, merchant,
Mayor of Lyme-Regis, 1597.

Vol. XL! II (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. c

18 Paper 's, fyc.

John Doughty, B.D., was Rector of Alphington, 1593—1637-8 ; patron Wil-
liam Bourchier, Earl of Bath. Richard Bevis, of Exeter, husband of Jane
Huish, was Sheriff 1591, Receiver 1592, Mayor 1602. He died during his
Mayoralty, 26th August, 1602. On a flat stone in St. Mary- Arches Church,
Exeter, is : —

"Here lyeth the body of Richard Bevis ..... who died Maior of thin
Cittie, and was buried . ... of August, 1602. My habitation is in heaven."

William Martin (a descendant of the Martins of Athelhampton, Dorset),
second husband of Jane Huish, was elected Mayor for the residue of the year.
He was Steward 1571, Receiver 1583, Sheriff 1584, Mayor 1590 and 1602,
Recorder 1605. He was buried 12th April, 1617, at St. Petrock's, Exeter.

In St. Mary- Arches, Exeter, on a flat stone : —

"Here lyeth Jane Bevia who was secondly married to William Marty n
(the Recorder of this Citty) obiit . . . . 16 . . ."

The worthy Recorder appears to have taken to himself the wife, as well as
the office of the deceased Mayor. He was Recorder of Exeter, and a learned
historian. His biography is given in Princes' Worthies. Jane Bevis was his
second wife.

On a further partially obliterated stone —

" ....... widow of John Marshsall, Eiy., and daughter of Richard

Beavis, Esq., died 1th January, 1630."

John Marshall was Mayor of Exeter in 1615.

Peter Beavis, Esq., Sheriff of Devon, 1653, the son probably of Richard
Beavis and Jane Huish, purchased the manor and manor house of Bishop's-
Clyst, in the parish of Sowton, from the Earl of Bedford. He died 27th
October, 1656, and was buried at Sowton. His descendants continued to reside
there until the death of Miss Ellery Beavis in 1801, when the estate was dis-
posed of to Thomas, Lord Graves. Their arms were— A zure, three close helmet*
in profile argent, garnished or.

In the handsome oak-panelled bedroom at Sand, a portion of the head -board
and some carved figures, being parts of an old bedstead, have been preserved
and affixed to the panelling. On it is inscribed

H. HVYSHE.— E. HVYSHE.

Apparently for Henry Huyshe, ob. 1566, who first purchased Sand, and his
wife Ellen Stavely. This room has Ionic pilasters and a richly carved cornice.
the consoles with lion's heads A lion sejant, sits on the newel-post of the old
circular solid oak-stepped staircase — there is a finely carved oak screen that
separates the hall from the front passage ; and an interesting old cupboard with
lockers, the doors ornamented with the linen pattern, and coeval with the
building of the house, is preserved. An immense crocodile hangs sprawling
against the passage wall ; the skull of an elk with huge horns, and another of
a red-deer are affixed to the carved hall skreen, all evidently of great age of
preservation. Relics of the period, when the olden owners of Sand had residence
here ; which appears to have ceased at the death of James Huvshe who died in
1724.

III. — ^tjomag !£tU0f), aforesaid, he was of Axminster,
gentleman, 9th August, 39 Elizabeth, 1596, and died without
issue. He, together with his brother, Anthony, sold the two
estates of Higher and Lower Sand to their cousin, James
Huish, of London, 26 Elizabeth, 1583-4.

The Huyshe Family. 19

IV. — &ntf)0ri£ ^£tol0{), aforesaid, was of Axminster : will
dated 17th June, 1598, and proved in the P.C.C. 5th December.
He married £lliC£, daughter of TURNER, and relict of
Alexander Osborne. Administration of the effects of Alice
Hewishe, of Axminster, was granted in September, 1612, by
the Archdeacon of Exeter's Court, but owing to the careless
manner in which these records have been kept, the document
is not to be found. They had issue Henry.

V.— l^ntrp ^etoigl), married ^attdla, eldest daughter
and coheir of WILLIAM SYMONDS, of Exeter. She was
twice married afterwards ; to Richard Herbert, of Exeter, and
to Thomas Duke, of Exeter, who died 14th November, 1644.
She was buried in Salcombe Church, 3rd April, 1657. Her
will was proved in P.C.C., 10th December, 1657. They had
issue Southcott.

NOTE. — William Simonds, of Exeter (son of Thomas Simonds, of Taunton,
Somerset), married Alice, daughter of .... Moore, of Bamton (Bothenhamp-
ton?), in Dorset. There were three daughters coheiresses, Marcella, the eldest,
then wife of Richard Herbert, of Exeter ( Visitation, 1620). Arms of Simonds —
Per f ess dancettee gules and argent, a pale counterchanged, three trefoils one and
two slipped of the first.

VI. — §5)0Utl)COtt Iguigri), of Exeter, who died unmarried.
Administration of his effects was granted by the P.C.C. to
his mother Marcella Duke, 18th June, 1642.

OF TAUNTON, SOMERSET.

I. — Thomas Huysh, third son of Oliver Hewish, of Doni-
ford, was, according to the family pedigree found at Sand, the
ancestor of the Huyshes, of Tetton, in the parish of Kingston,
and of " thos other Huyshes about Taunton, and so oj Richard
Huyshe who lyeth buried in Taunton." There seems no 'reason
for doubting the truth of this statement. Richard Huyshe's

20 Papers, fyc.

will proves his affinity to the Huysh's of Doniford and Sand,
and the rest of the pedigree is confirmed by substantial
evidence. The above named

II.— IBUdjarll !£UP0I)£, was of New Inn in 1589. He died
without issue, and bequeathed his property in the Black Friars,
London, and in Taunton, to trustees for the maintenance of
an Alms House in Taunton, for aged men, with preference to
any poor among his kindred, and for exhibitions at the Uni-
versities of Oxford and Cambridge to young men of his name
and kindred only, and in default of these, to young men born
in the counties of Somerset and Devon. The full particulars
of this charity are to be found in Vol. V. of the Charity
Commissioners Reports. The privileges thus attached to his
kindred make it an act of justice to record all that can be
gathered respecting his connexions. But no connected pedi-
gree of this branch of the family appears ever to have been
formed, and those interested in the enquiry must be referred
to the collections deposited in the Alms House by the Rev.
Francis Huyshe, and to some MSS. recently added to the
library of the College of Arms, where the result of an exami-
nation of wills and parish registers will be found. Richard
Huysh married (EbbOt, daughter of WILLIAM LOVEL, of
Bishops-Lydiard, in Somerset, Esq., and heir to her brother
John Lovel. She was relict of James Clarke, of Norton
Fitzwarren, Esq. Her will, where she is described as of
Norton Fitzwarren, was proved in the Archdeacon's Court,
Taunton, in 1628, but is lost. Richard Huysh died 23rd Feb.,
1615, and was buried in St. Mary Magdalen, Taunton, on
21st March following. A tablet to his memory with the arms
of Huysh and Avenell quarterly is fixed on the wall of the
south aisle of that church. By inquisition taken 14th July,
18 James I (1621), it appears his next heirs were Johanna,
wife of John Mounsteven ; Margaret, wife of Henry Webber ;
and Thomazine, wife of John Cox — she being the daughter
and coheir of John Huish, son and heir of Richard Huish, son

The Huyshe Family. 21

and heir of Robert Huish, brother of his father Thomas Huish.
This Thomas and Robert Huish must have been sons of
Thomas Huish, third son of Oliver Hewish, and Thomas is
probably the Thomas Huysh buried in St. Mary Magdalen,
Taunton, 12th March, 1556, and Robert is probably the
Robert Huish whose will dated 28th November, 1558, was
proved in the Archdeacon's Court by his son Richard Huish.

NOTE.— Will of John Bond, of Taunton, gent., dated 14th June, 1612.—" I
have sold to Mr. Richard Huishe, of London, certain houses in Magdalyn Lane,
for a Hospital."

The testator was evidently the "learned John Bond, A.M.," born at Trull
in 1550, and who, according to Collinson, in 1579, was elected Master of the
Free School in Taunton. " He was educated at Winchester, and in 1569 entered
as student at New College, in Oxford, where he was highly esteemed for his
classical learning. He continued in the Mastership many years, and thence
sent into the world many eminent scholars. At length he turned his thoughts
to the study of physick, which after relinquishing his former employment, he
practised with much reputation. He died 3rd August, 1612, and was buried in
chancel of the church of St. Mary Magdalen, with the following inscription : —

Qui medicus doctus, prudentis nomine clarus,

Eloquii splendor, Pieridumque decus.
Virtutis cultor, pietatis vixit amicus,

Hoc jacet in tumulo, spiritus alta tenet, "

The fine character of a man

Who was a learned physician, renowned by name for his skill,

Celebrated for oratory, and the ornament of the Muses.
A cultivator of virtue, he lived the friend of piety ;

He lies in this tomb, but his spirit occupies the heights above.

The gravestone to his memory has disappeared. Gilbert Sheldon, Archbishop
of Canterbury, was one of his scholars. He does not appear to have been form-
ally admitted a physician by diploma. He wrote several classical works.

These worthy men, Richard Huish and John Bond, were doubtless friends,
in sympathy with each other in good works, and three years only parted their
deaths.

Will of Richard Huish, of the precincts of the Blackfriars, London, dated
30th January, 1615. To be buried in the south aisle of St. Mary Magdalen's,
Taunton, with some memorial over me. A Hospital to be built for 13 poor
men— President of the same to be appointed by such of my name as shall be
heirs male of the house of Huyshe, now of Doniford, Somerset, and of Sand,
in Sidbury, Devon. Rowland Huish, of Sand, one of the Governors, to be my
Ex'or.

The monument to the memory of Richard Huyshe in St. Mary Magdalen's,
Taunton, contains this inscription —

Here under lyeth buried the body of Richard Huish, esquire, borne in
Taunton, and aunciently descended of the familie of the Huyshes of Doni-
ford, in the countie of Somerset.

He founded the hospital in Afawdelyn-lane in Taunton, for thirteene poor
men, begunne by himself in his life-tyme, and finished by his executors after
his death. And for the reliefs of the said poore men, he gave by his last will,
one hundred and three pounds by the yeare for ever, yssuing out of certain
and tenements in the Black- Fryars, London.

22 Papers, §-c.

A nd also, by his sayd will he gave one hundred pounds a yeare for ever,
owt of the sayd tenements, for the maintainance of fyve schollars of his name
of Huysh and Kindred, at one or both of the Universitys of Oxford or Cam-
bridge: and dyed in the true fay th of Christ-Jesus, the 23rd day of Feb.,
A' no Dom\ 1615.

These further wills relate apparently to the Taunton branch of the Huyshes.

Will of Robert Huish, of Taunton, Somerset, gent., dated 5th September,
and proved 8th December, 1635. To be buried in the Chancel. Toward the
repairs of the organ, 40/- To the Lady Ann Portman, of Orchard, a ring of
30/-, and the same to Robert Cuffe, Esq., and to Mary Hill, my daughter.
To my son, Alexander Hill, m}7 Ex'or, £5. Robert Browne, of Taunton Castle,
Esq., overseer.

The Hills were of Poundisford Park, near Taunton.

Will of Robert Huish, of Luckham, Somerset, veoman, dated 28th January,
1646; proved 29th May, 1647, by Edith Huish," relict. Mentions John and
Robert, the sons of my brother, John Huish. Jone Huish, widow. John
Doddington, my son-in-law. My brother-in-law, Matthew Herring, of Dul-
verton.

Nuncupative will of Mary Huish, of Taunton St. James, Somerset, spinster,
15th July, 1650 ; proved 14th September, 1650, by Jane Huish. Mentions her
mother, Marie ; the children of her uncle, Mark Huish ; Agnes, wife of John
Cole.

OP NOTTINGHAM.

IN this family there is a tradition that their ancestor having
joined in Monmouth's rebellion, fled instantly after the battle
of Sedgmoor, and that to escape the punishments inflicted by
Judge Jefferys on the adherents of the Duke's cause, he
altogether quitted his native place, Taunton, and settled at
Leicester. The arms of Huish and Avenell have been borne
quarterly by this family, and they possess a bible of the date,
1676, with the name "Elizabeth Huish, Taunton, Somerset-
shire" on the binding. These traditions coupled with the
coincidence of the rather uncommon Christian name of Mark
recurring with that of Robert at that precise period, afford
the strongest grounds for believing them to be of the same
race.

Mark Huish, of St. James's, Taunton, whose will was proved
in 1651, had issue a Robert Huish and a Mark Huish, the

The Huyshe Family. 23

latter baptized 14th November, 1630 ; Robert Huish had a
son Mark baptized 18th June, 1654, born 25th May ; and a
son Robert baptized 1659. Future enquiries may decide
whether either of these was the Robert Huish, of Leicester,
who follows.

I. — l&Otlflt l^uigtf), or ^£tot#l), as it is sometimes spelled in
the Registers of St. Martin's and St. Nicholas, Leicester ; he
and his wife Sarah were living in 1729. He was married to
«o>ataj) CODke, at St. Nicholas, Leicester, 30th April, 1693.

They had issue ( 1 ) Robert ; ( 2 ) Mark Hewish, baptized at St.
Martin's, 20th January, 1695, buried at St. Nicholas's, 1729.
Will proved at York, llth February, 1729. (3) John Hewish,
died and buried September 1700, in St. Martin's Leicester.

(4) Elizabeth, baptized 15th September, 1697, at St. Martin's,
married 5th October, 1720, to John Weston, son of Richard
Weston, of Leicester, Alderman.

II. — l&Obltt l^trigfl) aforesaid, baptized at St. Martin's,
Leicester, 4th March, 1694. He removed t.o Nottingham, of
which town he was Sheriff in 1736; Alderman in 1759; and
Mayor in 1760. He was buried in St. Nicholas, Nottingham.
Will proved at York, 23rd December, 1765, and in P.C.C.,
5th June, 1765. Married at Hugglescote, xlUC£, daughter of
RICHARD WESTON, an Alderman of Leicester, and sister of
John Weston before mentioned, buried in St. Nicholas, Not-
tingham. By her who survived him he had issue (1) Robert,
unmarried, drowned on his passage to Guernsey ; (2) Mark, of
whom hereafter; (3) Elizabeth, wife of Nathaniel Denison, of
Dayhook, Notts, died in 1811, aged 90, leaving issue; (4)
Alice, wife of John Davison, of Leicester, M.D., and had issue ;

(5) Mary, wife of Sir Robert Bewicke, of Close House,
Northumberland, Knt., and had issue ; (6) Anne, who died
unmarried.

III.— Q^atk ^lltei), of Nottingham, baptized 16th Decem-
ber, 1725, married at St. Philip's, Birmingham, 13th December,
1774, ^argaret, daughter of CHARLES STUART, of Birming-

24 Papers, §-c.

ham. She was born in 1752, and died 24th April, 1822. Mr.
Huish died 9th June, 1807, and was buried at St. Nicholas,
Nottingham. They had issue (1) Mark, of whom hereafter.
(2) Robert, author of The History of Bees, and various other
works. He married at St. George's, Southwark, 23rd August,
1805, Maria Petty, daughter of Robert Greening, Esq., of
H.M. Customs. They have issue, Robert, born 16th June,
1811 ; John, born 14th January, 1814; Calverly, born 26th
October, 1821; Margaret Eliza, born llth May, 1806; Har-
riet Maria, born 5th December, 1807. (3) John, born 14th
July, 1780, died October 1823, buried at Sneinton, Notts ;
married at Willoughby, in the county of Leicester, in 1809.
Mary, daughter of Henry Norton Gamble, of Willoughby,
Capt. R.N. She died 30th April, 1825. They had issue,
John, born 17th March, 1813, now of Derby, solicitor; Mar-
cus, born 19th July, 1815 ; Mary, born 5th June, 1809, died
3rd October, 1821 ; Margaret, born 27th October, 1810 ; Anne
Caroline^ born 19th September, 1817 ; Eliza, born 8th March,
1812. (4) Calverly, of Liverpool, merchant, born 15th July,
1786, married 26th May, 1809, Harriet, daughter of John
Youle, of Nottingham, Esq., they have issue, Calverly, born
27th April, 1817, died 18th September, 1818 ; Harriet, born
14th January, 1813 ; Margaret Anne, born 10th July, 1819.
(5) William^ Lieutenant 6th Regiment Dragoons Carabineers,
born 1787, married at Manchester Mary Anne Taylor, died
3rd June, 1822, buried at Newington Butts. (6) Eliza, wife
of Francis Hart, of Nottingham, banker, born 1782, married
at St. Peter's, Nottingham, 1809, issue, Eliza, born 1810 ;
Frank, born 1816, died 26th April, 1836. (7) Margaret, born
1777, wife of J. B. Smith, Esq., of Newark. He died 1807,
married 9th November, 1806. Now of Bridgend House,
Nottingham. Issue,. Joseph, born 1807, died 23rd July, 1823.
IV.— S^ark !£tti0I), born 1st March, 1776, died 14th
January, 1833, and buried at St. Nicholas, Nottingham. A
Deputy Lieutenant for Nottinghamshire. Married at Work-

The Hnyshe Family. 25

sop, 5th August, 1799, (Elt^a, daughter of JOHN GAINSFORD,
of Worksop, Esq. She died in 1824. They had issue (1)
Mark-, (2) Henry, died 1831 ; (3) Eliza, born 27th July, 1800;
(4) Margaret ; (5) Mary ; (6) Stuart — these all died young.

V.— ^arfe ^Ui0|), bom 9th March, 1803, now (1837) a
Captain in the 74th Regiment Bengal Native Infantry.

OF WELLS, SOMERSET.

ACCORDING to Mr. Palmer's MS. John Huyshe, son of
William Huyshe of Doniford by his second wife, was father
of the eminent divine Alexander Huish.

I. — SLtaantltr l^Ui£lj* He was born in the parish of St.
Cuthbert's, at Wells. His birth appears to have been about
the year 1594, for according to his own testimony (vide Greek
Hymn in the Polyglot) he was sixty-three years of age in
1658. He was a Commoner of Magdalen Hall, Oxford, in
Ki09; B.A., 10th February, 1613; original scholar of Wad-
ham College, 20th April, 1613 ; M.A., 17th December, 1616;
B.D., 2nd December, 1627. Presented to the Eectory of
Beckington, Somerset, in 1627, and to that of Hornblotton in
the same county by Thomas Milbourne, Esq., in February,
1638. Of this living he was dispossessed in 1650, but restored
to it in 1660, and 12th September same year, he was collated
to the Prebend of White Lackington, in Wells Cathedral, of
which he had the gift before the Rebellion. He died 15th
April, 1668, and was buried in the chancel of Beckington,
where a brief inscription was placed to his memory, which has
been copied by Collinson in his History of Somerset. His will
was proved on 6th June, 1668, in the P.C.C., by his relict
Deborah, who was his second wife. In the preface, he shortly
but earnestly expresses his thankfulness to God, for his res-
toration to his living.

Vol. XL I II (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. d

26 Papers, §*c.

He was a man distinguished for theological learning, accu-
rate criticism, knowledge o£ languages, especially the oriental
tongues, sound divinity, and excellence in preaching, and he
was much celebrated among the learned throughout Europe.
The prominent part he took in the preparation of Walton's
Polyglot Bible, is gratefully acknowledged by Walton himself,
and subsequent critics have mentioned with praise, the accu-
racy and fidelity with which he executed his celebrated
Collation of the Alexandrian MS. of the Bible.

His sufferings during the Rebellion are evidence of more
than common attachment to the King, and of his exertions in
his cause. He was driven from one place to another, im-
prisoned for a few days at Chadfield, in Wilts, where he
narrowly escaped starvation, having been saved from perishing
by the pious but accidental care of some charitable persons,
and finally in 1650, was dispossessed of his living. By the
Royalist composition papers (in the State Paper Office), it
appears the value of his estate was £40, on which a fine,
£13 6s. 8d., was imposed.

His writings are Musa Ruralis in Advent, Car. II, 4to.,
London, 1660 ; Lectures on the Lords Prayer, in Three Parts,
London, 1626. The notes of John Flavel having come into
his possession, he published them under the title of Tractatus
de Dcmonstrationc Methodicus et Polemicus, Oxon., 1619.

He was twice married. By 9$tir£ilt£t, his first wife, who
was buried at Beckington, 4th October, 1642 (1) Alexander,
of whom hereafter; (2) James, baptized 29th October, 1637,
living 1667 ; (3) Margaret, wife of Thomas Milbourne, of
London, printer, who had issue. By 2D£b0fClI), the relict of
Bryant, whose will was proved in the P.C.C., 3rd June, 1671,
he had issue (1) Anne, baptized 29th February, 1643, living
1671 ; (2) Deborah, baptized 2nd May, 1645, buried January,
1645 ; (3) Dorothy, co-executrix with Anne of their mother's
will.

The Buy she Family. 27

NOTE.— On a flat stone in Beckington Church (Collinson) :—

"Sub hoc saxo reconditum jacet corpus Alexandri Huish hujus ecdesice
olim rectoris, qui obijt decimo quinto die Aprilis, MDCLXVIII."

Walton's Polyglot Bible and the Lexicon is thus described : —

"BiBLiA SACRA POLYGLOTTA, complecientia Textus Originales, Hebraicum
(cum Pentateucho Samaritano) Chaldaicum, Graecum Versionumque Anti-
quarum, Samaritanae, Graecae LXXII Interpretum, Chaldaicae, Syriacae,
Arabicae, JEthopicae, Vulgatae Latinae, cum omnium Translationibus
Latinis et Apparatu, Appendicibus, Tabulis, etc., edidit BRIAN us WAL-
TONUS, 1657. CASTELLI, LEXICON HEPTAGLOTTON, Heb., Chald., Syr.,
Samar., Aethiop., Arab., et Pers., cum omnium Gramaticis, 1686.

Six volumes folio of the Polyglot and two of the Lexicon— they contain por-
traits of Walton and Castell, and illustrations by Hollar — priced in a recent
bookseller's catalogue at fourteen guineas.

II. — gtotintltt !£tU0l) aforesaid, baptized 6th December,
1632. By his wife SDOCOtljp, who was buried at Beckington,
8th August, 1656, he had issue (1) Alexander, baptized 21st
August, 1673; (2) Anthony, baptized 16th June, 1676; (3)
James, baptized 31st August, and buried 15th March, 1681 ;
(4) Sarah, baptized 6th October, 1669, living 1670.

I.— (EtltoarlJ !£ui0l), of Wells, Notary Public, will dated
4th March, 1623, and proved P.C.C., 14th June, 1624, buried
at St. Cuthbert's, 25th March, 1624. By his will he appears
to have been twice married. The marriage ring of his first
wife he leaves to his son James. His second wife who sur-
vived him was named Cijtlgtiatt, He had issue (1) James, of
whom below : (2) Alexander ; (3) Anthony ; (4) Edward,
living 1624-38; (5) Peternell, married at St. Cuthbert's, 14th
November, 1625, to Thomas Lowe, and she was living in 1638.

NOTE. — The occurrence of a daughter, Petronell, and of a
son, Alexander, at the same time, in two distinct families of
Huyshe, settled in the parish of St. Cuthbert's, seems so
highly improbable, that little or no doubt can be entertained
that the learned assistant of Walton was the Alexander here
mentioned as the brother of James, and of Petronella Rouse,
widow, in Alexander's will, being the Petronell, who is here
said to have married Thomas Lowe, in November 16th, 1625.

There is certainly, primd facie, a strong objection to the

28 Papers, Sfc.

hypothesis of this James being brother of Alexander, Walton's
assistant, from the proof that Edward was the father of James,
but that John, son of William Huish, of Doniford, as stated
above, to be the father of Alexander.

This however rests solely on the authority of Mr. Palmer's
MS., where he probably had no document to depend upon.
Mr. Palmer may have mistaken John for Edward, or he may
have omitted a generation in his pedigree, and so if there were
this John the son of William of Doniford, he may have been
the grandfather of James and Walton's assistant.

NOTE. — By his will lie appears to have had another daughter, Jane. His
second wife and executrix was Christian, daughter of Anthony Godwin, of
Wookey, Somerset. She remarried Adrian Bower. Died in 1640, and was
buried at Brightwell, Berks.

2. — 3laW£# ^U10I), aforesaid, Notary Public, and Kegistrar
to five Bishops of Bath and Wells. He died 10th February,
1639, aged 47, and was buried in the south aisle of the Cathe-
dral, where a flat stone to the memory of him, his wife, and
daughter, still remains. His will was proved P.C.C., 9th
April, 1640, and in it he mentions his brothers, the three sons
of his father above named, ^ataj), his relict married secondly
John Prickman, gentleman, and died 27th May, 1670, aged
73. They had issue (1) Edward, baptized 3rd January, 1634 ;
(2) James, baptized 1st November, 1637, probably the same
as buried in the Cathedral, 10th August, 1675 ; (3) Christian,
baptized 28th November, 1622; (4) Martha, baptized 26th
December, 1623, dead in 1684 ; (5) Hester, baptized 8th April,
1625, query if same as buried 30th May following : (6) Bridget,
baptized 15th June, 1626 ; (7) Sarah, baptized 7th December,
1628, died 23rd January, 1694-5, in the sixty-sixth year of
her age, her will proved in the Bishop's Court, Wells, in 1695;
(8) Mary, wife of Broderick, had issue George Broderick,
living 1684.

There are now at Wells (1837) a poor family of Huishe,
who have lived in St. Cuthbert's parish, and are descended
from a Henry Huish of Warminster and Hillhouse, who died

The Huyshe Family. 29

in 1726. A widow Huish, of Hillhouse, was buried 26th
September, 1610.

NOTE. — Around the edge of a flat stone in the south choir aisle of Wells
Cathedral : —

"Deposilum Jacobi Huish notarii publici quinque Jiujus diozceseds episco-
porum registrarii qui annum aetatis quadragesimum septimum agens obiit
decimo die Februarii Anno Domini millesimo scxcentessimo tricessimo nono."
In the centre of the stone : —

" Hie etiam sepulta est Sara primum praed' (Vni Huish dein d'ni Joh'is
Prickman gen1 uxor, quae obiit 27° Maii anno D'ni, 1674. Aetat' suae 73.
Hie etiam jacet Sara Huish filia d'orum Jacobi et Sarae, quae obiit 23° die
Jan'rij anno D'ni 1694, aetatis suae 66°"

From the Cathedral Register — BuriaU — 1674, May 27, Mrs. Sarah Prickman,
widow of Mr. John Prickman. 1694, February 1, Mrs. Sarah Huish. From
St. Cuthbert's Parish Register— Baptisms— 1620, January 29, Maud; 1626,
June 15, Bridget ; 1627, November 1, James; 1632, March 20, Frances ; 1634,
January 8, Edward— the children of Mr. James and Sarah Huishe (Jewers).

On a monument in the cloisters of Wells Cathedral, to William Taylor, Esq.,
ob. 13th August, 1776, and Catherine his wife, ob. 6th January, 1764, the arms
are, Ermine on a chief indented sable, three escallops or, for Taylor, quarterly,
with Huyshe. •

OF ALLEK, SOMEKSET.

I. — !R00£t l^Ui^l), second son of John Hewyshe, of Doniford,
and Grace Walrond had issue (1) William; (2) Grace; (3)
Elizabeth.

II.— flfllilliam ^U££f)£, of Aller, his will dated 9th June,
1611, proved in P.C.C., 12th June following, mentions his
sister Grace Parker, and his brother-in-law Nicholas Parker,
and his sister Elizabeth Blake. Also his sons ( 1 ) William ;
(2) George; (3) John, and his daughter; (4) Grace, and his
sons-in-law, John Marshe and Nicholas Sellacke.

NOTE. — His will was dated, 8th May, 1611. Mentions his three sons Wil-
liam, George, and John, to his sister Elizabeth Blake, "20 nobles" — his sons-in-
law, John Marshe and Nicholas Sellacke ; his sister, Grace Parker, to her
husband Nicholas Parker, " a goulde ring."

III.— UfliUltam ^upgrtje,—

George Huyshe. —
John Huyshe. —

NOTE.— Will of Robert Boteler, of Old Cleeve, Esq., dated 17th May, 1635,
to my godson John Huishe, son of my brother-in-law George Huishe, 40/-.
George Huishe, Overseer.

30 Papers,

OF LONDON, SAND, AND CLYSTHIDON.

I. — 3|attt£0 =l^Up0l)£ aforesaid, third and youngest son of John
Huyshe, of Doniford, and Grace Walrond, was sometime of
Cheapside, London, and a member of the Grocers' Company.
He died 20th August, 1590, and was buried in St. Pancras,
Soper Lane. His will dated 7th July, 1590, was proved in
P.C.C., 27th October, 1590. His monumental inscription is
preserved in Stow's London. By his first wife he had eleven
children, and by his second wife eighteen. Of these Rowland,
William, James, and Thomas are the only sons named in his
will, and the others here recorded are taken from the parish
register of St. Pancras, Soper Lane. His first wife was
$£atgar£t, daughter and heir of BOWSER or BOURCHIER, of
London. She was buried in St. Pancras Church, 12th May,
1568. On the cross in the Bourchier arms she bore a martlet
on a crescent by way of difference. By her he had issue (1)
Rowland, of whom hereafter ; (2) John, baptized 4th August,
1556, and died immediately; (3) Geffry Huysh, baptized 17th
August, 1561, he was living at the Visitation of London, 1568 ;

(4) Lawrence, baptized March, 1562, buried 28th May, 1564 ;

(5) Mary, baptized 7th September, 1554, married, 2nd Decem-
ber, 15 — , Nicholas Pendlebury, and she was buried 29th April,
1616, they had issue ; (6) Anne baptized 3rd November, 1555 ;
(7) Sibil, baptized 7th November, 1557 ; (8) Grace, baptized
14th November, 1558 ; (9) Martha, baptized 28th October,
1565, buried 28th April, 1569. James Huyshe's second wife
was 9£arg, daughter of WILLIAM MOFFYT, of Barnet, in
Herts. She died after having married two other husbands,
and was buried in St. Pancras, Soper Lane, 25th September,
1601. Her second husband was Sir William Howe, Knt.,
Lord Mayor of London. He died 3rd October, 1593. His
will was proved llth May, 1594, in P.C.C., and he was buried

The Huyshe Family. 31

in St. Lawrence-Jewry, and left no issue by his second wife.
Her third husband's arms on the banners borne at her funeral
appear in the funeral certificates at the Heralds College,
argent, on a chevron sable, betiueen three martlets of the second,
three mullets or. By her he had issue (1) William, baptized
9th August, 1570 — he was of the city of London, grocer, 33
Elizabeth (1591), and is styled of London, gentleman, 27th
November, 42 Elizabeth (1600) ; (2) James, baptized 20th
January, 1576 — he was of Gray's Inn, Middlesex, gentleman,
22 November, 42 Elizabeth (1600), and was living 17th
December, 4 James I (1606). He was married, and his relict
had married in 1626 a Mr. Farrer. (3) John, baptized 20th
July, 1582 ; (4) Thomas, baptized 17th July, 1583, of London,
gentleman, 42 Elizabeth (1600), and living 4 James I (1606) ;
(5) Christopher, baptized 21st June, 1584 ; (6) John, baptized
and died immediately, 4th August, 1586 ; (7) Elyn, baptized
9th October, 1572 ; (8) Alice, baptized 17th January, 1574
(unmarried 1590), wife of Robert Brett, Esq. Argent, a lion
rampant gules, between eight cross-crosslets fitche of the second.

SAND II.

NOTE. — Higher and Lower Sand were first purchased in 1560-1 by Henry
Huyshe, eldest son of Humphrey Huyshe, the second son of Oliver Huyshe, of
Doniford, temp. Henry VII, of Thomas and Anthony Huyshe, of Axminster,
the elder sons of the aforesaid Henry Huyshe, who sold the both estates to
their cousin, James Huyshe, of London, 26 Elizabeth, 1583-4. It is situate
about half-a-mile north of Sidbury.

The enormous number of children born to James Huyshe — eleven by his first
wife and eighteen by the second, in all twenty-nine —is a remarkable circum-
stance. The descent of Margaret, his first wife, has not been ascertained (there
was a large branch of the Bourchiers in Essex), but she is described as an
heiress, and the martlet on the crescent would imply from the fourth son of the
second house. The arms, argent, a cross engrailed yules, between four water
bougets sable, is the usual bearing of Bourchier, and occupies the third quarter
of the family shield at Sand, where it should be noted the arms of Huyshe are
also duly differenced both in the shield and on the crest by a mullet. The
eleventh shield in the window displays Huyshe impaling Bourchier. His second
wife, Mary Mofiit, after bearing her husband eighteen children, after his decease
further adventured twice into the bonds of matrimony, capturing the Lord
Mayor of the great city for one of them.

The thirteenth shield in the hall window at Sand displays the arms recorded :
Argent, semee of cross-crosslets Jitchee and a lion rampant yules, impaling Huyshe,
of Sand, being the arms of Brett, of Pillond, in Pilton, North Devon, and relate
to the alliance of Alice, their youngest daughter, with Robert Brett.

The twelfth shield in the window is Huyshe impaling, argent, a lion rampant
sable, between eight escallops in orle gules, for Mary, the second wife of James

32 Papers, fyc.

Huyshe, daughter of William Moffett, of Chipping-Barnet, Hertfordshire, to
whom these arms were granted, 10th May, 1585.

Stow speaks of St. Fancras, Soper Lane, as " a proper small church, but
divers rich parishioners therein," and the edifice was apparently going to decay
and neglected in his day. The inscription was found on "a fair monument in
the north wall of the quire " : —

" Here under lieth buried James Huysh, Citizen and Grocer, of London,
third son of John Huish. of Beanford (sic), in the County of Somerset, Esq.,
which James had to his first Wife, Margaret Bourchier, by whom he, had
Issue eleven children : And to his second Wife, Mary Moffett, by whom he
Jiad lame eighteen Children. He died the 20th Day of August, Ann. Dom.,
1590.

Hac defunctus Huysh tenui sub mole quiescit

Nee tamen hac totus mole quiescit Huysh.
Corpus in est Tumulo, colit aurea spiritus astra

Scilicet hunc ccelum vendicat, illud humus.
Londinensis erat Civis dum Fata sinebant,

Jam cum, sidereo milite miles agit.
Bis Thalami sociam duxit ; Prior edidit illi

Undenas Proles, alter a bisq : novem.
Munificam per scepe manum porrexit egenis,

Virtutumfautor, Pieridumq: fuit.

Nil opus est plures illi contexere laudes ;

Sujjic.it in Ccdo jam reperisse locum."

Which may be rendered :

" Under this narrow mound rests departed ffuysh, yet not all of Huysh
rests in this mound ; his body is in the tomb, his spirit inhabits the golden
stars ; heaven indeed claims Ihe latter, earth the former. He was a citizen
of London, whilst the Fates permitted, now as a soldier he abides with the
(starry host. Twice was he married : his first wife bare to him a progeny of
eleven, his second twice nine. He very often extended a generous hand to the
needy, and was a patron of the Virtues and the Muses. There is no need to
entwine more praise to him : it suffices that in heave1* he has now found a
place.

Sir William Rowe, the second husband of Mary Moffet, was Lord Mayor in
1592. A Sir Thomas Roe, or Rowe, was Lord Mayor in 1568, knighted in
1569 ; and a Sir Henry Rowe, Lord Mayor, 1607, knighted at Whitehall, 1608.
Sir Thomas bore for his arms, Argent, on a chevron azure, between three trefoils
slipped per pale gules and vert, as many bezants, with crest — a stag's head gules,
attired or. These arms appear to have been borne by all three, who were prob-
ably members of the same family.

There was a descent of Rowe located at Kingston, in Staverton, Devon, who
bore the same arms and crest. Their ancestors appear, from the Visitations, to •
have belonged to Kent, whose descendant, John Rowe, of Totnes, Serviens ad
legem, tempore Henry VIII, ob. 1544, married Agues, daughter and coheir of
William Barnhouse, of Kingston. Prince includes him among his Worthies.
Sergeant Rowe was succeeded at Kingston by his son, John Rowe, ob. 1592.
They were a family of good position in the county : extinct apparently early in
the eighteenth century.

The arms given of the third husband of Mary Moffet, on the funeral certifi-
cate, are those assigned to Madeston, granted in 1587, with crest — a cubit arm
erect in armour, per pale crenelle, or and argent, holding in the gauntlet a halbert.
headed and garnished of the last.

II. — l&OtolftUll i^Upetfje, aforesaid, baptized llth April,
1560. This name was given him after Sir Rowland Hill, who
was one of his godfathers. He was sometime of South Brent,

SHIELD OVER THE GARDEN GATEWAY AT SAND.

The Huyshe Family. 33

in Somersetshire, and afterwards of Sand in the parish of Sid-
bury, Devon. He had livery of his father's lands, 8th June,
33 Elizabeth (1591). By inquisition taken at Sherborne, 29th
August, 9 Charles I (1634), it appears he died 19th January,
8 Charles I (1631-2). Administration to his effects was
granted in 1632 to his son James by the Dean and Chapter's
Court, Exeter. He was buried at Sidbury, 7th February,
1632. He married &nnr, daughter of JOHN WENT WORTH,
of Booking, in Essex, by Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Edward
Capel, Knt. She, through Spencer and Clare was descended
from Edward I. She was buried at Sidbury, 7th October,
1629. They had issue one son James, of whom below.

NOTE. — The appearance of King Philip's badge, temp. 1553-8, among the
stained glass, apparently points to its being a relic preserved from a former
building, as Sand was not purchased by Huyshe until 1560-1. James Huyshe
probably commenced the building of the present house, and his son, Rowland,
completed the structure ; as on one of the gables of the outbuildings are the
initials —

R. A. H.— 1600.

marking, it may be assumed, the period of its completion. James Huyhse died
in 1590, and the heraldic succession of the smaller shields ends with the impale-
ment of his second wife ; Rowland Huyshe's alliance also occurs of larger size,
and the family escutcheon of four quarterings is dated 1594.

It should be added this interesting series of shields has greatly suffered in
dilapidation since a description taken of them about ten years ago, and referred
to in these notes — apparently all have been re-set and the original sequence
disturbed.

In the garden at Sand was a gateway — now dilapidated — and over it a sculp-
tured shield of arms, which has been preserved, and is now re-set over another
gateway. It displays quarterly of six : — 1. A lion between three crosslets Jitche'e
(CAPELL). 2. A chevron between three roundels, on a chief a fret between two
cinque/oils (CAPELL). 3. On a chevron three garbs (NEWTON). 4. A chevron
ermine between three escallops (CHEDDER). 5. A chevron between three fleurs-de-
lys (DEXWELL). 6. Seme'e of cross-crosslets, a lion rampant, crowned. Under-
neath—

" HORTVS JOHANNIS CAPELL, 1610."

The heraldry is interesting. Sir William Capel, an eminent merchant and of
vast estate in London ; Lord Mayor, 1503 ; knighted at the coronation of Henry
VII, of Rayne Hall, Essex, ob. 6th September, 1515 ; was succeeded by his son,
Sir Giles, Sheriff of Essex, 1528. He married Isabel, daughter of Richard
Newton, ob. 1501, son of Sir John Newton, of East Harptree, buried at Yatton,
1488, by his wife Elizabeth, ob. 1498, daughter of Thomas Chedder and Isabel
Scobahull, both buried at Cheddar. He was succeeded by their second son, Sir
Edward Capel, ob. 1577, who was followed by his second son, Sir Henry,
Sheriff of Essex, 1579, ob. 1588. His second wife was Katherine, fourth
daughter of Thos. Manners, Earl of Rutland, by whom he had six sons and
four daughters. John Capel (of the arms) was his fourth son. An exact dup-
licate of this shield occurs on the tomb of his next younger brother, Sir
Gamaliel, ob. 1613, in Abbots-Roothing Church, Essex. Lysons says this John
Capel was cousin-german to Anne Wentworth, Rowland Huyshe's wife.

Vol. XLJII (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. e

34 Papers, fyc.

The Wentworths were a branch of that large and influential family, settled
in the three adjoining parishes of Wetherstield, Gosfield, and Rocking, in Essex.
Sir Roger Weutworth, Knt., of Codham Hall, and jure uxoris, of Gosfield,
Sheriff of Essex and Herts, 1499, ob. 1539, with his wife, Anne Tyrell, ob. 1534,
a great heiress, are both buried in YVetherslield Church, where is their tine
altar tomb and recumbent effigies. They quarter De Spencer in their arms.
Roger Wentworth, their third son, was of Felsted. and afterward of Booking,
which manor, in 1540, was granted to him by Henry VII 1, on the suppression
of the Priory of St. Saviour's, Canterbury, to which it belonged. He had two
wives — Mary, and the second, Alice, daughter of William Buckf ord. He died
in 1557, and was buried at Booking. He was succeeded by his son, John
Wentworth, of Booking, born 1535, died 1603. He married Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of Sir Edward Capel, of Hadham, county of Hertford. They had two chil-
dren— Edward Wentworth, of Booking, born 1573, died 1616 ; and Anne, the
wife of Rowland Huyshe, of Sand, in Sidbury. Devon. They differenced their
arms with a crexcent. This royal descent will be further referred to.

The shield representing this alliance, Huyshe impaling Wentworth, of larger
size, also occurs in the hall window.

In a corner of the garden is an old summer or pleasance house, the usual
adjunct of this era. It is entered beneath a pillared archway, within, opposite
the doorway is apparently the remains of a bay window or fireplace, and an
arched aumbry or recess occurs in one of the side walls. The little building
now shares the fate generally reserved for these antient haunts of squire and
dame, being used as a storehouse for farm lumber. Without, in the back gable,
in an ornamental panel, are the arms of Huyshe ; and over the entrance from
the garden the escutcheon of Rowland Huyshe, differenced with the mullet, im-
paling, a chevron between three leopards' heads, a crescent for difference, for his
wife, Anne Wentworth.

Below the arms in a sculptured panel is this beautiful inscription : —

EY0YMIA2 • TONS • BENE • CONVENIHE - CVM - DEO
which tells us that although

The hand that placed those words is gone,

His presence is with us to-day ;
No strangers tread these paths alone,

With them his spirit walks alway.

And thou, who dost the import scan,
That lives within the crumbling words,

Sees there the image of the man,

More true than subtlest art affords : —

Who bids thee to remember this,

Though sweet these odours from the sod,
" The fountain of true fragrance is
To be in fellowship with God.''

Formerly in the window of the stairway, but now removed to that in the
hall, is the pomegranate with regal crown, and the initials K.P., for King Philip
of Spain, the husband of Queen Mary, and her medallion doubtless originally
accompanied it. The quartered shield of Huyshe is also sculptured over the
entrance porch.

Sir Rowland Hill, godfather of Rowland Huyshe, born in 1560, was presum-
ably the son of Thomas Hill, of Malpas and Hodnet, and is described as having
been "the first Protestant Lord Mayor of London, 4 Edward VI, 1551, one of
the richest and most considerable merchants of his time. He did great acts of
generosity, was an eminent benefactor to the public, founded Drayton and other
free schools, built Stoke and Hodnet churches, Atcham and Terne bridges, at his
own expense, and left his large acquisitions among his four sisters, his coheirs,
Agnes, Jorie, Jane, and Elizabeth." He appears to have been the first of his
race called Rowland, a name perpetuated in the Huyshe family, and also by the

ON THE SUMMER HOUSE IN THE GARDEN AT SAND.

The Huyxhe Family. 35

present Viscounts Hill, who descend from R9wland Hill, of Hawkestone, the
son of Humphrey Hill, the nephew of the "Lord Mayor. Sir Rowland was
knighted between 1537-42, and bore for his arms— Azure, two bars argent, on a
canton sable, a chevron between three pheons argent, on the chevron, a hind's head
crazed azure, between two mullets of the third. Crest — A hind's head erazed azure,
collared argent, in the mouth a trefoil, slipped vert. Granted Sir Rowland Hill
by Thomas Tonge, Clarencieux, 8th November, 26 Henry VIII, 1535. The
bearing on the canton, less the charge on the chevron, appears as one of the
quarterings on the escutcheon of Viscount Hill (1872), being the arms of Malpas.

III.— 3|ame0 ^U£0I[)£, of Sand. He was twenty-four years
of age at his father's decease, and had livery of his father's
lands granted him 25th June, 10 Charles I, 1634. He engaged
most actively in support of the Royal cause in the Rebellion,
making great sacrifices of his private fortune. The estates he
had inherited from his wealthy and industrious grandfather,
were, some sold, and on the remainder a fine was imposed of a
tenth, viz. £283. By the Royalist Composition Papers it
appears he took up arms against the Parliament, laid them
down in 1643, and compounded in 1646. He was appointed
a Captain in the Militia of Foot in East Devon, raised by the
Duke of Albemarle, 29th January, 1660. He was baptized at
Sidbury 2nd May, 1604, and buried there 26th May, 1681.
He married SDeboral), daughter of RICHARD REYNELL, of
Credy-Wiger, in Devon, Esq., by Mary, daughter and coheir
of Sir John Peryam, Knt. She was coheir of her brother
Peryam Reynell, and through this match the manor and ad-
vowson of Clysthidon came to the Huyshe family. The old
family toast at Ogwell commemorates his connexions —

"Fulford, Otterton, Credy, Clysthidon, and Sand,
And all our relations by sea and by land."

By her he had issue four sons and seven daughters : (1) James,
of whom hereafter; (2) John, baptized 26th February, 1634-5,
he was a merchant of Dublin in 1668, and died unmarried at
Barbadoes ; (3) Rowland, baptized 21st September, 1636,
buried 28th November, 1638 ; (4) Richard, of whom hereafter;
(5) Anne, baptized 9th May, 1625, married John Vernon, Esq.
He was a Captain in the Parliamentary army and obtained
the estate of Clontarf of Oliver Cromwell. Of this he was

36 Papers, §*c.

dispossessed in favour of Edward Vernon, by Charles II.
They had issue John Vernon, sometime of Dublin. Will
dated 24th December, 1718, and proved in P.C.C., 14th
November, 1720. She married secondly Courtenay. (6) Mary,
baptized 1st March, 1626, died in Dublin before 1657, wife of
William Allen, Adjutant-General in Ireland, living 1657, when
he dates from Sand the preface to his Memoir of Deborah
Huish. In the British Museum there is a copy of a curious
pamphlet of his writing, A Memorial of a remarkable meeting
of many Officers at Windsor, in 1648, London, 1659, quarto,
69 pages. In Thurlow's State Papers is an account of his
being arrested at his father-in-law's house at Sand, on sus-
picion of plotting against the Government, as appears by his
letter to the Protector. They had a child. (7) Deborah, bap-
tized 5th September, 1628, buried 21st August, 1661. In the
British Museum there is a curious book written by her brother-
in-law, General Allen, in which he gives an account of her
most melancholy state of religious despondency for several
years, and of her recovery to a true view of the Christian
faith, according to his own tenets. The title of the book is
The Captive taken from the Strong, London, Chapman, 12mo.,
1668. (8) Rebecca, baptized 20th January, 1632, married at
Sidbury 26th June, 1663-4, Elijah Dene, rector of Clysthidon,
and buried there 27th July, 1670. (9) Jael, baptized 24th
December, 1642, married 2nd February, 1663, Francis Drake,
of Ide, merchant. (10) Tryphena, baptized 5th February,
1645-6, wife of John Gay, of Frithelstock, died 1731. (11)
Sarah, who died young.

CREDY-WIGER AND CLYSTHIDON.

NOTE. — Credy-Wiger, near Crediton, says Pole (who was nearly related by
marriage to its first owner of the Periains) "was sold by Thomas Prideaux, of
Nutwell, Esq., unto Sir William Periam, Knt., which built a fair dwelling-
house, and left it to descend unto his four daughters, Mary my wife, (and three
others named), which have sold it to John Periam, of Exeter, Esq. (he was not
a knight), brother to Sir William Periam aforesaid, which hath left it unto his
eldest daughter, Mary, wife of Richard Reynell, Esq., younger son of (George)
Reynell, of Malston (in Sherford, South Devon), which have made it their
dwelling-house." Deborah, their fifth daughter was married to James Huyshe,
13 August, 1621.

The Huyshe Family.

Of Clysthidon, the same authority remarks, "Gabriel St. Clere sold the
same to Edmond Parker, Esq., his brother-in-law, who sold the same to John
Periam, Esq., of Exeter, who gave it unto Mary his eldest daughter, wife of
Richard Reynell, of Credy-Wiger, Esq., lately deceased." He was a Bencher
of the Inner Temple. Their arms, Argent, masonry sable, a chief Indented of
the second. Pole notes, of Malston, "a, crescent for difference," of Credy-
Wiger, " a crescent and a rose."

On monuments in Sherford Church : —

"Here lyeth the body of George Reynell, of Malston, Esquire, who died
the 8th day of A prill, An'o Domini, 1643."

"In gratam Elizabethae memoriam filiae Petri Specott de Thornbury,
Armigeri, nuptae Georgii Reynell de Malston, Armigeri, quae obiit vicesimo
secundo die Maij An' Dom' 1662."

Arms — Specott — Reynell impaling Specott, and Reynell. Crest, a fox passant.
The St. Cleres evidently built the south aisle of Clysthidon Church, where
their arms occur on the capital of the western respond of the arcade, and on a
boss outside at the east corner. The entrance porch of this aisle is finely
groined, and on the keystone of the outer arch is an angel holding a shield,
quarterly of four (1) A sun (ST. CLERE) ; (2) a fess between three griffins' heads
erazed (HALSE) ; (3) a fess engrailed between three mullets pierced (TIBWELL) ; (4)
Three roundels, a label of three (HiDON).

St. Clere inherited Clysthidon by marriage with the heiress of Hidon. Halse
and Tidwell represent other matches of St. Clere. Gabriel St. Clere appears to
have dissipated the family estates, and Pole gives a curious account of his
proceedings anent. The Halses were of Kenedon, an estate and manor house,
in Sherford, not far from Malston. It should be noted that Periam acquired
also the manor of Stone, adjoining Sand, in Sidbury. On a flat stone in the
chancel of Clysthidon : —

" Here lieth ye body of Elijah Dene, late Rector of this Church, who died
ye 10 day of May, Anno Dom., 1703. And also the body of Mary his wife,
who died 26th September, Anno Dom., 1701. Together with ye bodyes of
Dorothy, John, Thomas, and Elijah their children."

Probably of the family of Dene, of Newton St. Petrock and Horwood, in
North Devon, their arms, Argent, a lion rampant pur pure. Rebecca Huyshe
must have been his first wife.

The Periams were eminent citizens and merchants of Exeter, for three
generations. William Periam was Mayor, 1532 — John, his son, Mayor 1563
and 1572 — he had two sons. The eldest, William, became successively a Jus-
tice of the Common Pleas, and Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer. He died
in 1605, and is buried in Creditou Church, under a fine monument, whereon is
his recumbent effigy. John, his brother, mayor, 1587 and 1598, acquired Credy-
Wiger from his four nieces, the daughters and coheiresses of his brother, Sir
William. By his first wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Roger Prideaux, of Soldon,
he had three daughters, and to the eldest, Mary, the wife of Richard Reynell,
he gave Credy-Wiger and other property. His portrait, dated 1616, hangs in
the Guildhall at Exeter, and another in Exeter College, Oxford, to which he
was a benefactor. A small portrait of Sir William, the Lord Chief Baron, is
in the National Portrait Gallery.

On a panel outside between two upper windows at Sand, are the initials —

I. D. H.-1673.
which evidently refer to James Huyshe and his wife, Deborah Reynell.

In 33 Elizabeth, 1591, Rowland, son and heir of James Huish, citizen and
grocer, of London, purchased one third of the manor of East Ringsted (in Os-
mington, Dorset), of Andrew Rogers, value four pounds. This family seems
afterward to have possessed the whole farm, for in 1646, Mr. (James) Huish's
farm here was sequestered. They also held Middle Ringsted. It was pur-
chased of — Huish, Esq., by Awnsham Churchill, Esq. (HuTCHiNs).

38 Papers, fyc.

John Gay, eldest son of John Gay, of Frithelstock, ob. 1678, and Joan, daughter
of John Smith, of Torrington ; baptized 24th November, 1639, at Barnstaple ;
matriculated Exeter College, Oxford, 3rd April, 1661 ; B. A. 15th October, 1664 ;
buried at Frithelstock, 25th January, 1716-17. His wife, Tryphena, daughter
of James Huish, of Sand, died 6th and buried 10th May, 1731, at Frithelstock.
They had issue three sons and four daughters (Visitations, Vivian).

IV.— 3JattW ^Uptfjje, eldest son, was of Sand, baptized
15th July, 1630, and buried 5th June, 1708; will proved in
Dean and Chapter's Court, Exeter; he married 25th July,
1684, at Seaton, flftritl), daughter of EDMOND WALROND, of
Bovey, Esq. She was baptized 29th June, 1652; will dated
1st December, 1710; proved Dean and Chapter's Court, Exe-
ter, 16th December, 1716. They had issue one son and four
daughters (1) James, of whom hereafter; (2) Deborah, bap-
tized at Seaton, 4th November, 1685, married John Woolcot,
of Bossel, in Sidbury, and issue from whom descends the
present James Huyshe Woolcot ; (3) Anne, baptized at Sid-
bury, 15th September, 1687, and died ; (4) Mary, baptized 3rd
July, 1691, married the Rev. William Symons, vicar of Otter-
ton, and had issue John Symons, of Heavitree, James Symons,
vicar of Broadhembury, and two daughters, who all died with-
out issue ; (5) Urith, baptized at Sidbury 25th July, 1693.

NOTE. — Urith Walrond was great grand-daughter of Sir William Pole, the
Antiquary. She was probably called after Urith Shapcote, the daughter of
Thomas Shapcote, of Exeter (by Urith, daugher of Henry Sothern, of Poughill,
Devon), and wife of Sir Courtenay Pole, Bart, of Shute, her father's first
cousin. A pleasant name, Saxon, for wreath or garland, adopted afterward by
several of the allied families of Pole. Trevelyan, and Walrond.

A sundial is affixed to the front of Sand house, on which is the motto—

SOL JUSTIT^E ORIATUR. 1701.

" May the sun of righteousness arise" — below are the arms of Huyshe impaling
Walrond, for James Huyshe and his wife, Urith Walrond.

The Rev. William Symons, who married Mary Huyshe, was collated to
Otterton, 9th June, 1721 ; died 9th and was buried 12th October, 1782, aged
86, after serving his church sixty-two years.

V.— 3|ame0 l^UJjetf), of Sand, baptized 25th June, 1689,
buried 15th March, 1724 (at Sidbury); will proved in Bishop
of Exeter's Court, 4th June, 1725. He married Catherine,
daughter of ( WILLIAM) DRAKE, of Yardbury, Colyton. They
had issue (1) James, baptized 31st March, 1717, buried 14th
April, same year; (2) Anne, baptized 24th August, 1720, and
buried 6th May, 1721.

The Huyshe Family. 39

NOTE. — Katherine Drake, the wife of James Huyshe, was the daughter of
William Drake, of Yardbury, Colyton, ob. 18th November, 1727, by his wife
Katherine, daughter and coheir of John Pennington of Wicken Hall, Suffolk,
and Ohiswell, in Essex. She died 15th December, 1730. The Drakes of Yard-
bury, descended from William Drake, second son of John Drake of Ash,
Musbury, ob. 1628, by his wife Dorothy, daughter of William Button, of Alton
Priors, Wilts.

The fifth bell in the tower at Sidbury bears the arms of Huyshe, and the
following inscription —

"GOD BLESS THE QUEEN AND SAVE THE CHURCH. JAMES HUYSHE, HENREY

CONENT, GENT., WARDENS, 1712, T.W.

T. W. is for Thomas Wroth, the bell-founder.

VI. — ]R,tCi)tirtl li^U^#f)£, aforesaid, was baptized November,
1638. He was a merchant of Dublin ; administration granted
to John Vernon, of Clontarf, his nephew, in 1673, 10th De-
cember, but set aside 9th November, 1704, and granted to his
son, Richard Huyshe. He married dEli^ab£tf), daughter of
MORE, o£ Queen's County. She died before her husband.
They had issue two sons (1) Richard., (2) Francis.

VII.— KicijarH l£U£0!)ir. He was, with his brother, left
an orphan at an early age. He succeeded to the Sand estate
on the death of his cousin, James Huyshe. He resided in St.
Martin's-in-the-Fields, Westminster, at the date of his will,
6th December, 1726, which was proved in P.C.C., 15th De-
cember, 1726. He married Ql^ariattttt, relict of Synot, but
died without issue.

VIII.— jfrancte ^ttp0ije, born 6th May, 1672 ; M.A.,
Trinity College, Dublin, 12th July, 1698; Rector of Clyst-
hidon, September, 1703 ; died 9th February, 1764; will proved
P.C.C., 10th August, 1765 ; married 16th August, 1706, jo>atal),
daughter of RICHARD NEWTE, of Duvale, near Tiverton, in
Devon, son of the Rev. Richard Newte, Rector of Tiverton
(see Prince's Worthies of Devon). She died 19th March, 1747,
in her seventieth year. They had issue four sons and four
daughters (1) Richard, born 2nd January, 1709-10, died 24th
June, 1736, unmarried, of Balliol College, Oxford ; will proved
25th March, 1737, in the Bishop's Court, Exeter. (2) James,
(3) John, of both of whom hereafter; (4) Francis, born 17th
January, 1722-3, died at Barbadoes, October, 1740, unmarried ;

40 Papers, fyc.

(5) Elizabeth, born 17th January, 1711, died 12th November,
1731, unmarried, buried at Sidbury ; (6) Frances, born 20th
April, 1715, died at Exeter 12th April, 1797, buried at Sid-
bury, unmarried; (7) Jane, born 23rd June, 1720, died 23rd
October, 1802, unmarried ; (8) Sarah, born 3rd December,
1707, died at Exeter 2nd January, 1794. She married the
Rev. John Thompson, B.D., Rector of Mesey-Harnpton, Glou-
cestershire, who died 12th February, 1773, in his seventy-
second year. They had issue one son, John Thompson, who
died young.

NOTE. — A monument in Clysthidon Church, thereon : —

"Francis Huyshe, M.A., 61 years Rector of Clysthidon, 9th February,
1764, aged 92. Sarah, his wife, daughter of Richard Newte, Ksq., of Da-
vale, Bampton, 19th March, 1748, aged 70. Richard, their eldest son, 24th
June, 1736, aged 27."

Arms, Huyshe, impaling Newte.

A mural memorial, with a remarkable inscription, to these four daughters,
is found in the chancel of Sidbury Church.

"Beneath this stone in the burial place of their ancestors of Sand in this
parish, are deposited the bodies of the four daughters of Francis Huyshe,
formerly Rector of Clysthidon, and his wife Sarah, daughter of Richard
N'ewte, of Duval, in the parish of Bampton, who themselves closed the eyes
of Elizabeth, November 12th, 1731, in her 2lst year ; Sarah, the eldest, and
widow of John Thomson, Rector of Mesey- Hampton, county of Gloucester,
died January 2nd, 1794, having completed 86 years. Frances followed her
sister, April 22nd, 1797, at the age of 82. Jane, the youngest, ended that
line of the family, with her own blameless life, October 23rd, 1802, in her
83rd year.

Where now is their boast, that they and their forefathers of Sand were a
branch of the family of Huyshe of Lud-Huyshe and Doniford. county of
Somerset, and thai the blood of the Plantagenets flowed in their veins,
through Joan, daughter of the first Edward ?

Nothing now can avail them, but their endeavours, through the grace of
our great God and Saviour Jesus Christ, to be prepared to meet that Saviour
as their Judge. (Titus II, 13;.

Reader ! the same judgment awaiteth thee."
Arms on a lo/enge — Huyshe, quartering Avenel, Bourchier and Reynell.

The royal descent of Huyshe through Wentworth, from the Princess Joan of
Acre, third daughter of King Edward 1, is interesting.

Hugh le Despencer, Junior — Lord de Spencer, and K. B. — summoned to Par-
liament as a Baron, 1314 to 1325, was the eldest son of Hugh le Despencer,
Senior, Earl of Winchester, by his wife, Isabel, daughter of William Beau-
champ, Earl of Warwick. He married, in May, 1306, at the Friars' Minors,
London, Eleanor, then aged thirteen, eldest daughter of Gilbert de Clare,
seventh Earl of Hertford, and third of Gloucester— surnamed the Red Earl—
by his second wife, the Lady Joan Plantagenet, third daughter of King Edward I.
After his decease, she re-married Lord Zouche de Mortimer, and died 30th June,
1337.

The Huyshe Family. 41

The tragic fate of these noblemen, father and son— the hapless favourites of
King Edward II — their being executed with great barbarity, the elder at Bristol,
27th October, 1326, and the younger at Hereford, 29th November, 1326, are
well known episodes in English history.

The fourth son of Hugh le Despencer, Junior, and Eleanor Clare, was Sir
Philip le Despencer, who married Margaret, daughter and heir of Ralph de
Gousill, and died about 1313. He was succeeded by his son, Philip le Despencer,
ob. 1349, who married Joan Strange. To him, his son, Sir Philip, who was sum-
moned to Parliament as a Baron— Lord le Despencer— by writs from 17th De-
cember, 11 Richard IE, 1387, to 3rd October, 2 Henry IV, 1400. He married
Margaret Cobham, and died 1400-1. He was succeeded by his son, Philip, Lord
le Despencer, but he appears never to have been summoned to Parliament as a
Baron. He married Elizabeth, youngest of the three daughters and coheirs of
Robert, Lord Tiptoft, ob. 1372, by Margaret, daughter of William, Lord Dein-
court, ob. 1379, and grandson on his mother's side of the unfortunate Bartholo-
mew, Lord Badlesmere, who, after the defeat at Boroughbridge, in 1322, was
taken prisoner, and, with about ninety more, lords, knights, and others, who
suffered a similar fate, he was "hanged, drawn, and quartered at Canterbury,
and his head set upon a pole at Burgate." By this match with Elizabeth
Tiptoft, Sir Philip inherited Nettlested, and died' 1423-4. This descent is found
on the shield further referred to, on Sir John Wentworth's tomb.

Sir Philip Spencer appears to have had an only daughter and heiress, Mar-
gery, ob. 1475, and she married Sir Roger Wentworth, ob. 1452. He was the
son of John Wentworth and Agnes Dronfield, the son of John Wentworth and
Alice Bissett, of Elmsall, co. York.

Sir Roger, who is styled of Nettlested, apparently jure uxoris, had two sons :
one, Sir Philip, of Nettlested, ancestor of the Barons Wentworth, of Nettle-
sted, and Earls of Cleveland ; and the second, Henry Wentworth, ob. 1482, of
Codham Hall, Wethersfield, Essex, which 'he appears to have acquired, and
was the tirst of the family settled in the county. He married Elizabeth, the
only daughter of Henry Howard, of Wigenhall, Norfolk, brother of Sir Robert
Howard, ancestor of the Dukes of Norfolk. Arms of Howard, as found on his
grandson's, Sir John Wentworth's, tomb — Gules, on a bend between six crosses
crosslet fitchee argent, an ermine spot for difference.

He was succeeded by his son, Sir Roger Wentworth, of Codham Hall, and
also of Gosfield, jure uxoris, by marriage with Ann, daughter and coheiress of
Humphrey Tyrell, of Warley. In 1497 he was at Blackheath, engaged in the
suppression of the Cornish insurgents, on which occasion, in company with six
others, he was knighted; in 1499, served as Sheriff of Essex and Hertfordshire ;
and in 1520, was in the train of Henry VIII, being in attendance on the Queen
at the Field of the Cloth of Gold, where met the two monarchs of France and
England —

" Those suns of glory, those two lights of men,
'Twixt Guines and Arde."

He died 9th August, 1539, his wife 1534 ; they were buried in Wethersfield
Church, where there is a fine monument to them, with their recumbent effigies
in alabaster, originally finely painted and gilded, but of which scarcely a vestige
remains. Both tomb and figures are much mutilated : the knight is bare-headed,
but otherwise in full plate armour, over which he wears a surcoat or tabard, on
which his arms were once illuminated ; his feet rest on a unicorn. The lady
has a pyramidal head-dress with flowing lappets, and a rich collar and pendant
of roses around the neck. Panels, with shields denuded of their charges, appear
below. He left four sons and three daughters. Roger, his third son, was of
Booking, and grandfather of Ann Wentworth, who married Rowland Huyshe.
Arms of Tyrell, as found on his son's tomb — Argent, two chevrons azure, on the
upper an annulet for difference, a bordure engrailed gules.

To Sir Roger came his eldest son, Sir John Wentworth, of Codham Hall and
Gosfield ; knighted by Henry VIII in 1546, and ob. 1567. He married Ann
Bettenham, of Kent, ob. 1575, by whom he had one son, who died young, and

Vol. XLI II (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. f

42 Papers, fyc.

three daughters. They are buried in Gosfield Church, under a high tomb of
Purbeck marble, beneath the arch which separates the Wentworth chapel
(built by them) from the chancel. A portion only of the inscription on the
border fillet remains ; below, in cusped panels, were originally ten shields of
brass, their bearings enamelled and gilded ; of these three remain. One, with
fourteen quarters, displays in the first seven the descent of Sir Roger, who
married Margery Spencer, on both sides : — 1. Sable, a chevron between three
leopards' heads or, a crescent gules surmounted of another or, for difference (WENT-
WORTH). 2. Gules, on a bend argent, three wallops azure (BISSETT). 3. Paly
of six, sable and argent, on a bend gules, three mullets or (DRONFIKLD), being the
descent of Wentworth, and 4. Quarterly argent and gules, in the second and
third quarters a fret or, over ale on a bend sable, three mullets of the first (appar-
ently for difference) (Dc SPENCER). 5. Barry of six, or and azure, a canton
ermine (GousELL). 6. Argent, a saltire engrailed gules (TIPTOFT). 7. Argent,
a fess between two bars gernel gules (BADLESMERE), being the descent of De
Spencer. The remaining seven quarters relate to succeeding matches of the
family. Above the shield on a helmet, in profile with mantling, is the Went-
worth crest : — Out of a ducal coronet or, an unicorn's head couped at the shoulders.
Arms of Bettenham on the tomb : — Argent, a saltire engrailed sable, between four
bears' heads erazed, of the last, muzzled or.

IX.— 3|amej3r !£U£etf)e, born 12th September, 1712, died at
Cullompton 2oth May, 1784; married &m£ J£ai'g0n#. She
died at Cullompton 16th June, 1807. They had issue one son,
who died young.

X. — 31^6^ ^UJ?0|)£, changed the spelling of his name to
!£Ut#f), born 29th June, 1717, died 17th May, 1802, buried at
Pembridge; will proved P.C.C., 22nd July, 1802. He was
rector of Pembridge, Herefordshire, and married 20th March,
1766, at Oxford, (El^ftttftf), daughter of THOMAS HORNSBY,
of Durham, Esq. She was born 1 7th June, 1738, died June,
1792. They had issue two sons and one daughter (1) Francis,
of whom hereafter ; ( 2 ) John, in holy orders, sometime of
Heathenhill, in the parish of Clysthidon, now of Exeter, born
10th December, 1772, married at Eardisley, Herefordshire,
October, 1799, Millborough Ann, daughter of Thomas Harris,
of Hereford. She died 19th July, 1824. They have now
living four sons and one daughter ( 1 ) John, of whom hereafter ;
(2) Rowland, vicar of East Coker, Somersetshire, born 26th
August, 1801, married Hannah, daughter of John Bullock, of
East Coker; (3) George (Henry), born 2nd February, 1804,
major in the 26th Bengal Native Infantry, late Assistant Com-
missary-General, married (1830) in India, Harriette Matilda,
daughter of — Lightfoot; has issue John Troughton, born 10th

The Huyshe Family. 43

February, 1832 ; a daughter, born 20th January, 1837. (4)
Alfred, born 8th August, 1811, a first lieutenant in the Bengal
Horse Artillery, married 1836, in India, Julia (Maria), daugh-
ter of the Rev. (George) Hagar. (5) Millborough Ann, born
29th November, 1803, married 25th January, 1832, the Rev.
Charles Walkey, of Lucton, Herefordshire, and has issue (1)
John Charles Elliott, born 14th September, 1833 ; (2) Francis
Samuel, born 6th January, 1836, and a daughter, born 24th
August, 1837 ; (3) Sarah, born 1st January, 1770, married
at Pembridge, 1st June, 1793, Richard Whitcombe, Esq., of
Bollingham, Herefordshire (of the Whitcombes of Berwick-
Mavesyn, county of Salop), who died April, 1829, at Cleveley,
Cambridgeshire ; their only issue, Richard Whitcojnbe, born
2nd March, 1794, a barrister of Lincoln's Inn, one of the
Commissioners of Enquiry into the Municipal Corporations,
died 12th November, 1834, buried at Hastings.

NOTE.— Sarah Huyshe, who married Richard Whitcombe, was daughter of
John, ob. 1 802, and sister of Francis, the compiler of the pedigree.

Rowland Huyshe, vicar of East Coker, died without issue in 1863.

Major George Henry Huyshe became a general in the army and C. B. He
had another son, George Lightfoot, born 1839, a captain in the Rifle Brigade.
His daughter was called Mary Millborough, and married in 1857, Richard ffoliot
Eliot.

Lieut. Alfred Huyshe also became a general in the army and C.B. He had
issue (1) Alfred George Huyshe, of Sand, died 6th August, 1886, without issue ;
he was also a major-general in the army and C.B. ; he married 1870, Harriet
Helena, daughter of Francis Arthur French, of Newlands, Dublin. (2) Francis
John Huyshe, of Sand, born 1840 ; clerk in holy orders ; (rector) of Wimborne-
Minster, Dorset ; married 1877, Amy, daughter of .... Ratclyffe, and has
issue. (3) Dunbar Frazer Huyshe, born 1841 ; Lieut. -Colonel, Royal Artillery
(late Bengal) ; married 1876, Augusta, daughter of the Venerable Archdeacon
Bridge, and has issue. (4) Wentworth Huyshe, born 1847 ; married 1870,
Gertrude, daughter of .... Ulhorne. (5) Edward Vyvyan Huyshe, born
1850 ; a major in the Welsh Regiment, 1889. (Vivian's Visitations of Devon,
1895).

XL— jfrancte !£tU0f), now !£upgrt)e, having returned to
the old spelling of the name, of whom in the commencement
of this pedigree.

NOTE.— Within the Castle of Exeter was the antient Church or Collegiate
Chapel of St. Mary, established at a remote period for four Prebendaries.
Lysons says it was founded in the reign of King Stephen by Ralph Avenell
(grandson of Baldwin de Brionis) and his aunt, Adela. Dr. Oliver assigns its
foundation to be coeval with that of the Castle, and speaks of letters patent
addressed by William Avenell to Robert Chichester, Bishop of Exeter, 1138-50,
wherein it is styled, " Ecclesia de Castelio Exonie cum quatuor Prebendis." The

Papers, §c.

four Prebends were those of Hayes, Cutton, Carswell, and Ashclyst, the patron-
age of all being vested in the Barony of Oakhampton. The College was sup-
pressed with other Collegiate Churches and Chapels, but the building continued
in use, and divine service was performed in it till it was taken down about the
year 1782. The Prebend of Cutton, valued in Henry VIII's taxation at eight
pounds, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, came into the possession of the Aclands,
the present holders, and the lands of the Prebendal manor are in the parish of
Poltimore.

It is interesting to note that the Rev. Francis Huyshe, M.A., the compiler
of this pedigree, was the Prebendary of Cutton, of this antient foundation,
being instituted thereto 4th July, 1831 — patron, Sir Thomas Dyke Acland,
Bart. ; and further, the coincidence of an Avenell being concerned in its early
foundation, whose arms form one of the quarterings of the family escutcheon
of Huyshe, from one of whom they descend.

The old Chapel was situate to the right, just inside the main gateway of the
Castle. In it was a considerable collection of arms and armour, given early in
the present century by Lieutenant-General Simcoe, Commander of the District,
to John Houlton, Esq., of IJarleigh Castle, Somerset, but which a few years
since was restored to Exeter, and is now preserved in the Museum. A house
for the custodian of the Castle precincts has lately been erected on the site of
the Chapel, and in taking out the foundations the floor of the preceding edifice
was discovered, together with some human bones, probably the remains of
former Prebendaries, there interred.

There is a tradition that the final destruction of the Chapel was determined
on through the tolling of the bell for the daily service, which, during assize
time, annoyed the Judges, and the Prebendaries declined to cease.

XII. — 31^11 ^ttpglje, now rector (1837) of Clysthidon,

born 15th September, 1800, married &UU 2l£l)ia, daughter of
WILLIAM GREAVES, of Mayfield, Derbyshire, M.D.

NOTE. — Grand Master of the Freemasons for the Province of Devon ; was
married 4th May, 1837, and died 18th October, 1880 ; buried at Clysthidon.

FROM THE HALL WINDOW, SAND.

ADMIRAL BLAKE

FROM THE PICTURE IN THE HALL OF WADHAM COLLEGE,
OXFORD.

Cbe life of anmiral Eofcert TBiafee, strippeD of
legennarp matter.

BY MONTAGU BURROWS, M.A.

Chichele Professor of Modern History in the University of Oxford,
and Captain, R.N.

IT is high time that some conspicuous monument should be
raised — at any rate by Somersetshire men — to the honour
of Robert Blake of Bridgwater, Admiral and Greneral-at-
Sea. One is naturally inclined to regret that there has been
such a long delay ; but from one point of view it may be well.
We do not want to commemorate the hero of legend, but the
hero of history ; and the process of clearing off the clouds and
bringing the real man into the sunlight of historical documents
is scarcely accomplished even yet. It is easy to understand
how the legendary halo came to encompass this great name.
There was no sort of contemporary history. The principles for
which he lived and died were almost wholly submerged under
the restored Stuarts. By the time that men endeavoured to
gather up materials for his history legend had begun to trifle
with its grand outlines, and such poor attempts as were made
to present him to the world were shrouded in a misty atmos-
phere of unreality.

In this necessarily brief paper I propose to keep in view
the special relations of Robert Blake to his birthplace and his
county, as displayed in the five distinct portions of his career ;

46 Papers, §r.

the period of his education, of his commercial life, of his
political life, as a soldier on land, and as a naval officer. He
stands alone amongst naval and military heroes in the pecu-
liarity of his training for noble deeds. Certainly no one of
our great seamen began his career of glory as late as the age
of fifty, or crowded into seven years a succession of glorious
acts which all but he — and we may add Lord Nelson — have
taken a life-time to accumulate. However necessary to a
naval officer that he should enter his profession in early life,
the exceptional nature of Blake's training supplied, in his
particular case, all deficiencies.

We must here avoid a discussion of the merits of Cavalier
and Roundhead. No one of us can say what he would have
done under the pressure of Charles I's unconstitutional, not to
say tyrannical, proceedings. Blake's family belonged to that
sturdy, truly English, commercial class which, in most parts
of the country, and not least in Somersetshire, determined on
resistance ; and during the ten years of his Oxford life (1616-
1625) he was naturally induced to take that side by the
prevalence of the great ecclesiastical struggle which con-
vulsed Oxford, and afterwards all England. He was witness
to James I's eiforts to tamper with the rights of the Univer-
sity, which corresponded too well with his suppression of Par-
liaments ; and his acquaintance with classical literature opened
his eyes to the consequences of despotism. Of Wadham Col-
lege, the splendid foundation of the Somersetshire Wadhams,
he was one of the early members, and here, along with others
from his own county, he nursed that love of his native home,
and those principles of ordered freedom, which coloured his
life.

In 1625 his father's commercial prosperity had become
clouded, and he died in debt. Blake now enters on the second
stage of his career, managing the family business, paying off
the debt, and providing for the education and settlement of
his numerous brothers, of whom he was the eldest. These

The Life of Admiral Robert Blake. 47

duties he honourably performed, and no doubt they were of
some influence in shaping his course of life, not least perhaps
in preventing him from thinking of marriage. At Bridgwater
he learnt the habits of business which stood him in good stead
when the reorganization of the navy fell into his hands. Here
he also learnt to act on his own reponsibility in connection
with nautical affairs : perhaps he sailed his own ships, and
he certainly had to provide for their defence from the Barbary
corsairs who were one day to feel his powerful arm.

During these years Blake had established his political
position as an opponent of the Court, and had such painful
opportunities close at home of observing the faults of the
king's ecclesiastical advisers, that we can well understand how
he came to make open profession of Puritan principles. His
education, his honourable character, and his consistency,
pointed him out as the representative of Bridgwater in the
" Short Parliament " of 1640 ; but nothing as yet distinguished
him from the crowd. He was no longer young. No gifts of
speech had brought him to the front, nor was his influence as
yet sufficient to counteract that of the Royalist gentry, who,
when the "Long Parliament" was summoned in 1641, put a
member of their own body into the seat which Blake had held.
Nothing but the Civil War could have brought his great
qualities to light.

As soon as it became evident that the contest between King
and Parliament must be decided by arms, Blake seems to have
been intimately concerned with the raising of troops. His
first movements are naturally obscure ; but in 1642 we find
him serving under Sir John Homer, of Mells, when the Roya-
list Marquis of Hertford was driven out of Wells, and then as
Lieutenant-Colonel of Alexander Popham's fine Somersetshire
regiment. In this capacity he did good service in the defence
of Bristol. It is possible, though not historical, that the story
of his refusing to quit his post, after the city had been weakly
surrendered to Prince Rupert by Colonel Fiennes, may have

48 Papers, $c.

some truth in it. We may at least be quite sure that it would
not have been surrendered by Blake. He was now to show
of what stuff he was made.

At the head of Popham's regiment he was detached, in 1644,
to watch the progress of Prince Maurice's force in Dorsetshire.
There was no time to lose, and he at once took what might
well seem the foolhardy resolution to throw himself into the
little fishing-village of Lyme Regis. This was a weak place
by situation, and the defences which he hastily threw up were
of the feeblest kind, wholly unfit to resist an army of five
thousand men with a regular siege-train. Nevertheless, Prince
Maurice found he had to do with a man whose little garrison
was quite as brave as himself, who was utterly indifferent to
odds, whose resources were inexhaustible, and who understood
how to get excellent intelligence of his enemy's proceedings.
Thus, finely supported by his Somersetshire men, he resisted
for no less than three months the perpetual onslaughts and
bombardments of a gallant enemy. Then at last Lord War-
wick's fleet and Maurice's necessities put an end to a siege
which would have attracted more attention if Blake's splendid
defence had not been immediately eclipsed by his more famous
defence of Taunton in 1645.

Into this place, unfortified like Lyme, and unarmed, but by
its situation important enough to justify all risks, Blake threw
himself at a critical moment. Lord Essex, the Parliamentary
general, had blundered almost fatally in the West Country,
and the royal forces gathered to the support of their friends.
Taunton blocked the roads, and could not be left in the rear.
Here again, with mere impromptu fortifications and weak ar-
tillery, Blake infused his brilliant courage, not only into his
troops, but into the townsmen and the neighbourhood. They
shrank from no sacrifice, they refused no labour. Every effort
was made to dislodge this stubborn garrison. Desperate street-
fighting by night and day continually issued in the defeat of
the storming parties : starvation was at one time imminent :

The Life of Admiral Robert Blake. 49

fresh, commanders, fresh bodies of besiegers succeeded no better
than their predecessors : in fact, there were no less than three
sieges before relief finally arrived. By that time the town
was in ruins. It had occupied a body of four thousand foot
and five thousand horse for nearly all the summer of 1645, and
had been an important factor in the issue of the war. It en-
tirely broke up the superiority of the Royalists in the West
of England, and, next to the decisive battles of Marston Moor
and Naseby, contributed more than any other action to the
King's discomfiture. Blake finished the campaign by taking
Dunster Castle.

Between 1645 and 1649 we hear very little of our hero, till,
in fact, after the King's execution. In the former year he
was elected to Parliament for Bridgwater. His troops were
disbanded, and the Self-denying Ordinance relieved him from
his military duties, but he was made Governor of Taunton,
and devoted himself to the restoration of the town. We hear
nothing of him in Parliament. Much speculation has arisen
out of this temporary obscurity. He was thought to have in-
curred Cromwell's jealousy, and has been said to have objected
to the hard treatment of the King ; but when he took his seat
in Parliament, in 1646, the unbending Ludlow has asserted
that Blake shared his own sentiments, and he certainly omitted
to take any steps to save the King's life. His name is not
indeed to be found in the list of the regicides, but he accepted
his great post of " general-at-sea " a few days after the exe-
cution. We may fairly account for his temporary obscurity
by observing that he had never been one of Cromwell's com-
rades, and was not likely to be preferred to those who had
fought by the side of the conqueror. No doubt he presented
himself rather as a man of action than a statesman. But in
the downright, indomitable, republican patriot Cromwell's keen
eye detected the man required for the reorganization of the
navy, and who, considering State affairs not to be its province,
would "prevent foreigners from fooling us." That famous

Vol. XLIII (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. g

50 Papers, §r.

expression, whether originally Blake's or not, exactly repre-
sented his conduct of sea affairs ; and under the Common-
wealth, with a fleet which had not yet forgotten the Stuarts,
and with a host of enemies rising up on all sides, this principle
alone could save the State.

The apprenticeship of the scholar, merchant, politician, and
soldier is now over, and we seem to know the man who, at the
age of fifty, is placed for the first time on the quarter-deck of
a man-of-war ; nor only so, but in command of fleets. On Feb-
ruary 12th, 1649, foreign affairs assuming a threatening aspect,
three colonels are made " generals-at-sea " ; Popham, who had
served in the Royal Navy, and was brother of Blake's old
chief ; Blake himself ; and Deane, who had begun life at sea.
The seven years which we are now to deal with were spent in
three different lines of sea service, which may be thus sum-
marised. He was first employed against Prince Rupert, who
commanded what few of the Royal ships remained faithful to
the Crown, and then against the last strongholds of the
Royalists in the Channel. He next commanded the British
fleet in the Dutch war, and lastly in the Spanish war. We
will take them in order.

Prince Rupert's squadron was a great and immediate danger
to the Commonwealth. Like Blake, and afterwards Monk, the
Prince had exchanged land-fighting for sea-fighting with re-
markable facility, and his dashing spirit had been sufficiently
testified. His squadron formed a nucleus for banished Royalists
driven to desperation, and it seized what supplies it required,
very much after the fashion of pirates. It now took refuge
from Blake's superior force in the harbour of Kinsale, where
it was blockaded for some months. Taking advantage of a
November gale it slipped away to Lisbon, where Blake once
more formed a blockade. Before he left England, Cromwell
offered him the post of Major-General, to act under himself
in the conquest of Ireland, but Blake had taken kindly to the
sea, and elected to hunt out Prince Rupert. From March to

The Life of Admiral Robert Blake. 51

May, 1650, he watched the mouth of the Tagus, putting
effective pressure upon the King of Portugal and afterwards
on Spain and France in succession, till at last the Princes,
finding themselves unwelcome in the ports of the Mediter-
ranean, and several of their ships destroyed, got away to the
West Indies. There Maurice was lost at sea, and Rupert
reduced to one ship, which finally carried him to France.
These services lasted two years, and were gratefully recog-
nized by Parliament. They formed a good education for the
new " general-at-sea."

Blake was now entrusted with the task of subduing the last
refuges of the Royalists, the Scilly Islands and Jersey. The
former were dangerous on account of their good situation for
harassing British trade, and the Dutch had already sent their
great admiral, Tromp, to reconnoitre them for that purpose.
Blake found no great difficulty in reducing and securing the
Islands. A new danger arose before he could attack Jersey.
The invasion of England by the young Charles, at the head
of the gallant Highlanders, summoned Blake from the quarter
deck once more and for the last time. On August 19th Par-
liament in anxious haste appointed him Commander-in-Chief
of the army in the four counties where he had been so well
known, Somerset, Cornwall, Devon, and Dorset. Three days
later however the order was cancelled ; for the fleet could not
be left to itself. Popham just at this time died and Deane
was not on the spot. Blake is to repair to the Downs, to
hoist his flag on board the Victory r, to see that no supplies are
sent from abroad to "the King of Scotland, who is now
marching to the South, and to prevent any impressions that may
be made on the seamen by misrepresentation of affairs." To
mark the sense of his importance at this crisis he is made,
jointly with General Lambert, Warden of the Cinque Ports,
and sole General-at-Sea for the next nine months. The cap-
ture of Jersey was his last task before the great Dutch war.
Sir George Carteret made a gallant defence ; but, as at Scilly,

52 Paper -s, §c.

Blake brought his ships close up against the forts in a manner,
one might say, till then unknown ; and, in spite of the rock-
bound coast, suffered but little in the process. In these minor
engagements he learnt to estimate the forts of those days at
their true value, and soon applied his experience on a larger
scale.

Our hero had now taken his place at the head of the Navy
so obviously that Parliament elected him a member of the
Council of State, which gave him an advantage, both as to the
knowledge of home and foreign affairs, very rare in the his-
tory of naval commanders. The confidential relations thus
invited were not established a day too soon ; for the most
serious naval war in which England had ever yet been en-
gaged was on the point of breaking out. The Dutch were
already employed in fitting out a fleet of men-of-war, and
were determined to bring a long series of petty quarrels to an
end by deciding once for all which was the strongest power on
the sea. On two main points the Dutch were resolved to
resist the British claims to the " Sovereignty of the Seas."
The first was symbolised by what was called the " honour of
the flag " ; the other was the right to the fishing-grounds on
the British coasts. The first, which has a long history of its
own, and was by no means a mere ceremony, had always been
submitted to, even in the ignominious reigns of James and
Charles, and it now came first into dispute. Blake had his
orders to insist ; the Dutch Admiral, Tromp, to resist.

Four days before Tromp opened the war, a Dutch ship off
Start Point was forced, in accordance with all former prece-
dents, to salute the British flag ; but Blake had only a small
squadron of twenty-three ships under his orders, and only
fifteen with himself, when Tromp, at the head of forty-two,
bore down upon him when he was cruising near the Downs,
and refused to salute. Blake singled himself from the rest of
the squadron, and neared the* Dutch admiral with a view to
demanding his salute without effusion of blood. For that

The Life of Admiral Robert Blake. 53

purpose lie fired three single guns, to which Tromp replied
with a broadside. The battle then commenced with fury, but
Blake was so far ahead of his own ships that he had to sustain
the fight alone, for a considerable time, with all the Dutch
ships that could get near him. He was thus severely handled,
but not taken. Bourne, his second in command, now came up
and attacked the Dutch rear ; so that Tromp thought it best
to make off in the darkness, nor did he resume the combat
next day. Parliament and the Council cordially approved of
Blake's conduct.

A sanguinary war was about to begin between two nations of
seamen, proud and brave, of the same Teutonic race, and in-
flamed against one another to the highest pitch of hostility.
Convinced of the justice of their cause the British made their
appeal to heaven. Blake, with his officers and seamen, " kept
several days of humiliation in the fleet ; " nor did these grim
warriors fight the worse for acknowledging, after their own
fashion, a Higher Power than themselves.

The Government now turned their attention to the Dutch
commerce which, as it was forced to pass by the British coasts,
was the chief element of Dutch weakness in a war with Eng-
land. Blake was sent to the North with a large part of his
fleet to enforce the tax of the tenth fish upon the Scottish
fishing grounds. This tax had been commuted for an annual
sum of £30,000, which the Dutch had latterly refused to pay.
The herring fleet numbered six hundred large vessels, called
" busses," under a convoy of men-of-war. The latter, were
captured, but Blake set free those of the busses which he suc-
ceeded in taking, though he took care to unload them of their
fish. This was censured by some as a misplaced generosity,
but it was characteristic : he had no quarrel with the poor.

While Blake was thus engaged, Tromp was collecting a fine
fleet in the Texel, and took advantage of the occasion. But
the winds and waves favoured the English. Light winds and
calms broke up Tromp's plan of attack upon the coast of Kent

54 . Papers, §-c.

and upon Sir George Ayscue's small squadron, and when he
rushed to the North to measure himself against Blake a violent
storm separated the fleets and forced the Dutch to retreat to
Holland. His countrymen were furious ; they had lost the
fish on which they lived, and their expensive armament had
failed. The brutal insults heaped on the great admiral culmi-
nated in his suspension from command. De Ruyter, a younger
officer, whose reputation, already high, was to eclipse that of
Tromp, hoisted his flag, but De With, an officer much inferior
to both, took the chief command. This was a political mis-
take ; and, as the Dutch seamen resented the treatment re-
ceived by Tromp, assisted Blake to win his first victory off
the Kentish Knock, a shoal near the North Foreland, on Sep-
tember 28th, 1652. The Dutch had been hurried to sea with
weak crews and quarrelling captains, but they did their best
to compensate for these defects by forming up their ships on
the flank of the shoal. Blake, however, resolved to run any
risk rather than fail to engage ; and, in his efforts to keep the
wind, his own ship and others had, as he says in his despatch,
"three or four rubs upon the shoal." But they were not
damaged, and, obeying his positive orders, reserved their fire
till they came to close quarters. Thus they did great execu-
tion on the enemy. " Three of the Dutch ships were wholly
disabled at the first brunt, having lost all their masts." " The
Dutch rear-admiral and two captains were made prisoners."-
In the morning the enemy fled to Holland. This was a great
but not decisive victory. It was far from subduing the gallant
Dutch ; indeed, it only brought out their noble spirit. They
saw their errors, and in an incredibly short time rectified them.
The English government were completely in the dark as
to this movement. The Dutch had placed Tromp once more
at the head of their navy, and in six weeks he was at sea at
the head of eighty-five ships, with officers of his own choice.
Meanwhile, disregarding Blake's repeated warnings, and re-
quiring his ships for many other services, the Council of State

The Life of Admiral Robert Blake. 55

broke up the fleet, leaving their admiral with only forty-five
ships, and some of these only partially manned. The tables were
turned. Tromp, with about double the number of Blake's ships,
challenged him to battle, and his Council of War agreed with
him that the challenge should be accepted. The battle was
fought off Dungeness, and, as usual, centred round the admirals
on either side. Blake, in the Triumph, had a desperate en-
counter with the flagships of De Ruyter and Evertsen, but
was nobly supported by the Vanguard and Victory. These
three ships were, in fact, engaged with twenty Dutch ships
at once, but though terribly mauled they were not taken.
Tromp, in the Brederode, was also attacked by two English
ships, but with the help of Evertsen, they were both taken
after great slaughter. Both were very weak ships, under rash
but gallant captains, who were both killed. Unfortunately
some of the other English captains did not behave with proper
spirit, and Blake, unable to trust them, thought it best to
retreat to Dover, and thence to the Thames. This was the
famous occasion when Tromp is said to have hoisted a broom
at his masthead, against which notorious legend there is a
good deal to be said. At any rate, Blake left the Channel
open to Tromp, who swept it pretty clean ; and his conduct
has in modern times been made a charge of rashness for at-
tacking double his own number of ships. This was not the
opinion of contemporaries, who soon discovered that he was not
at all to blame. How could he have foreseen that the very men
who had advised the attack should have failed at the crisis ?
He had several ships, as in all the battles, which were superior
to those of the enemy, and the Dutch had not yet inspired
much respect for their prowess. Even as it was, his loss of
ships was inconsiderable. But the result of the battle nearly
broke his heart, as his despatch shows.

He begins by insisting on an examination into the "deport-
ment of several commanders," since " there was so much base-
ness of spirit " amongst them. Next he desires an enquiry

56 Papers, $c.

into " the discouragement, and want, of seamen " ; and finally
asks for his " discharge from this employment so much too

great for me that so I may spend the remainder of my

days in private retirement and in prayers to the Lord for a
blessing upon you and the nation ; " and again, " that so I may
be freed from that trouble of spirit which lies upon me, arising
from the sense of my own insufficiency and the usual effects
thereof, reproach and contempt of men and disservice of the
Commonwealth." There is, however, a saving clause in this
pathetic letter. He earnestly begs for reinforcements "to
fight them again." The Council might read between the lines
a reproach for leaving him in the condition which gave Tromp
his victory.

The Council of State understood their man, and took a leaf
out of the Dutch book. They thank him heartily for his
"good deportment in that action, and his faithful service."
No word of recrimination appears. They send Commissioners
to try the accused captains ; they order all the detached
squadrons to rally round the General ; they take infinite pains
to redress the wrongs of the seamen ; they send twelve hun-
dred land soldiers for ship service ; and they recognize that
their Commander had too great a weight to bear on his own
shoulders. Two officers of the highest reputation are sent
from Scotland to share it — Monk and Deane — but Blake of
course stood first of the three generals-at-sea, and remained
in chief command until he was entirely disabled.

Thoroughly aroused by this blow the English Government
resolved to stop Tromp on his passage back to Holland with
his convoy of homeward-bound ships. The fleet was ordered
to pivot upon Portland, and to stretch backwards and forwards
across the Channel. Being in three divisions, the squadrons
happened, at the moment when Tromp made his appearance,
to be separated ; Monk, perhaps from want of experience,
being four miles dead to leeward. Blake, as might be ex-
pected, elected to stand the whole brunt of the enemy's attack,

The Life of Admiral Robert Blake. 57

so as to employ him till the other squadrons should work up
to windward ; and as the Dutch were slightly superior in
number to the whole English fleet together, his squadron suf-
fered severely. His own ship, fighting, as usual, many of the
enemy at once, and Tromp's flagship amongst them, lost one
hundred men killed and many more wounded. Blake himself
sustained a severe laceration of the thigh, from which he never
properly recovered. His flag-captain and his secretary were
both killed by his side. On Monk's squadron getting up
Tromp found himself beaten, and drew off to protect his con-
voy. The combat was, however, protracted for three days
in a running fight, like that of the Armada, during which
Tromp lost a great many ships, but by consummate manage-
ment brought back a majority of them into Dutch ports. This
was a great and hard-won victory, but it took two more to
break the stubborn spirit of foemen well worth the English
steel.

Blake's wound had been neglected during the crisis of the
three-days fight, and had to be carefully treated on shore.
During his recovery occurred the forcible expulsion of Parlia-
ment by Cromwell, of which it has been said that Blake dis-
approved ; but as we find him at the Admiralty three weeks
later, and later still cordially working with the new Protector,
it is plain that he had no idea of relinquishing his work. His
fleet was in excellent order : three of the captains of whom
he had complained on the former occasion, had been imprisoned
while waiting for trial, and he now took charge of the North
Sea, leaving Monk in charge of the Straits of Dover. It fell
to that fine officer to come across the enemy and fight the next
battle, which began at the North Foreland and ended at
Nieuport ; but Blake's squadron came up in time to change the
stubborn fight into a headlong rout, and under him was formed
the blockade of the Dutch coasts. Overtures for peace fol-
lowed, but Cromwell would not accept them.

Blake remained in command off the coast of Holland for some

Vol. XL1IJ (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part //. h

58 Papers, §-c.

weeks, but had to succumb to a complication of diseases which
were more or less the consequence of his wound, aggravated by
the want of rest and press of business. Monk was appointed
to succeed him, and he retired to his own home, thus missing
the last and most entirely decisive battle of the whole seven,
in which Monk, on July 31st, 1653, crushed the Dutch navy
— by this time much enfeebled — for many a long year. The
Triumph, the ship which Blake had so often fought gloriously,
was one of Monk's fleet, and after doing her duty in the old
manner, was so badly injured that her crew set her on fire and
for the most part deserted her ; but there were some left who
were determined that their adored chiefs ship should be taken
out of battle. They extinguished the flames and brought her
out. For this each man received a medal, specially struck
for them. Parliament, at Cromwell's instigation, granted
gold medals to the chief officers of the war. Those assigned
to Blake, Monk, Penn, and Lawson, along with fine gold chains,
were much larger than the rest. They are beautiful works of
art, by the celebrated Simon. Three are still in existence.
One is at Windsor Palace, the other at Wadham College,
both claiming to be Blake's ; but whichever was his, the other
is almost certainly Monk's. Penn's is in possession of his des-
cendants. Lawson's has never been met with.

Blake's enforced relaxation in 1653 was the first which had
fallen to his lot since he took up arms, and it was the last.
He spent his time at Knoll, near Bridgwater, and his health
gradually improved in his wholesome native air. We hear of
his quiet, simple habits. A favourite walk took the place of
the quarter-deck or poop ; and though he did not dislike com-
pany his disposition was taciturn and contemplative. By the
end of the year he was much better, and with the spring en-
tered on the last and perhaps most glorious part of his career.
Again he was employed to reorganize the navy, and on Sep-
tember 29th, 1654, took his fleet to the Mediterranean. The
Dutch had been supreme in that sea : Blake was now to instal

The Life of Admiral Robert Blake. 59

his country in their place, and to force the Barbary States to
acknowledge and respect it. With the European states he
was uniformly successful without recourse to force, but the
African states required a firm hand. At Algiers he was at least
civilly treated, but the Bey of Tunis defied him in set terms.
This chief relied upon his strong castle of Goletta, moored
his nine fighting ships opposite the mole of Porto Farino, and
planted batteries at all available points. Everything depended
on the wind, which, however, turned out favourable for getting
in and coming out. The forts were silenced and the ships
burnt in the course of a single hour, with no greater loss than
twenty-five killed and forty wounded, a result which had no
parallel, except in the case of Blake's subsequent exploit at
Teneriffe. The Bey made his submission, and accepted the
residence of a Consular Agent. Tripoli submitted without a
repetition of the lesson given at Tunis.

Blake now repaired to the western coast of Spain, in order
to receive precise directions from Cromwell about the war
with that country, which he knew to be imminent ; and soon
afterwards was ordered home to refit. At his own request he
was once more associated with a general-at-sea — young Moun-
tagu, the future Earl of Sandwich — and together they visited
the dockyards and equipped a fresh fleet. He was wholly
unfit to go to sea again ; but he felt it to be his duty, and he
was quite aware that this was the last time. At the head of
forty ships he set forth in March, 1656, with orders to waylay
the Spanish treasure ships. Autumn and winter cruising suc-
ceeded that of the summer, and the open Bay of Cadiz gave
no protection from the furious gales of those seasons, which
were fast wearing out the veteran. One of the Plate fleets at
last appeared, and was taken by Stayner, who commanded a
squadron under Blake, and thirty-eight wagon-loads of silver
were paraded to London through the Southern counties. Part
of the fleet under Mountagu was now ordered home, and Blake

60 Papers, §*<?.

was once more left alone with the rest, and with his many
diseases. But his greatest exploit was to come.

Hearing that the other long-delayed Plate fleet had put
into the harbour of Santa Cruz, in the island of Teneriffe,
Blake instantly sailed in quest of it at the head of twenty-
five ships. He arrived on April 20th, 1657, and found five or
six galleons, three being flagships, and sixteen others, armed
with brass ordnance and their full complement of men. The
Governor, like the Bey of Tunis, defied him to do his worst.
" We resolved," says Blake in his despatch, " to attack them,
though they were close along the shore, which was lined with
musketeers, and commanded by the castle and six or seven
forts. Yet in four hours they were beaten, and all the ships
driven on shore, except the admiral and vice-admiral, which
resisted most ; but by 2 p.m. one was fired and the other blew
up ; and by evening all the rest were fired, except two that
were sunk. ... To complete the mercy our own ships got off
well, though some were maimed and had to be warped off;
and the wind blew right into the bay, and the forts and castle
continued to play upon us. We had only 50 slain and 120
wounded. ... To God be all the glory." These pithy ex-
tracts require no comment. Writers of all parties concurred
in admiration ; and on account of the failure of Nelson on the
same spot, its fame is still perhaps as bright as it ever was.
Great were the rejoicings in England. The hero was ordered
home ; but scurvy and dropsy had done their work, and the
St. George brought home only his dead body. He died at sea
— "where Blake and mighty Nelson fell" — two hours before
the ship anchored in Plymouth Sound. A splendid funeral at
the public expense and a vault in Westminster Abbey awaited
his honoured remains. From this vault they were transferred
to the Churchyard at the Restoration. Is it too much to hope
that at least a bust in the Abbey should some day commemo-
rate one of the Makers of England, whose body had been con-
signed by the nation to its charge ?

The Life of Admiral Robert Blake. 61

A biographer is not likely to be the best person to compare
his hero with others. My fuller account of him, which is to
appear in the autumn (in a book to be called " Twelve British
Seamen," by naval officers), will be found to include more
extracts from his despatches than I have had room for in this
paper, and a fuller definition of the legacy which he left to
his nautical successors. But enough has been said to enable
everyone to judge for himself whether any other great naval
officer ever had to deal with such consummate admirals as
Tromp and De Ruyter, at the head of such prime fighters as
the Dutch were in their first war ; whether any of them made
so few mistakes, if he made any ; whether any of them served
their country better than Blake did, both in public and private
life, according to his lights. Let them further ask them-
selves whether any of them exhibited such a religious and
moral character, such consistency, simplicity, disinterestedness,
humility, and self-sacrifice. We cannot but erect him a monu-
ment in our hearts. Let us hope that the monument which, I
am told, you are about to set up in his native place, looking
down upon the familiar scenes which he longed to see once
more before he died, may be worthy of this noble chief, of this
celebrated county where he learnt his first lessons, and of the
nation which he did so much to place at the head of Europe.

Cfje alien priorp of §>tofee Courcp.

BY THE REV. W. H. P. GRESWELL, M.A.

THE history of an alien priory is generally extremely
chequered and diversified, forming a little chapter by itself
in the midst of the more important ecclesiastical annals of our
country, and, by its very presence, an imperium in imperio.
Originally, the appropriation of English churches, tithes, and
manors to foreign abbeys and religious houses sprang from the
natural loyalty of the first conquerors of this country, in 1066,
to their old homes. The whole number of alien priories in
England was about one hundred, according to Dugdale, and one
hundred-and-twenty according to another account. As time
went on, and as the links between England and Normandy be-
came weaker and weaker, the appropriation of English property
for charity and other services abroad was felt to be a grievance.
Men of Norman descent are the first to object to " corrodies "
and the various hospitia that the foreign and imported monk
took as his due. Whilst war was actually going on between
England and France the revenues of the alien priories fell at
once into the hands of the Kings of England, who suspended
their use and farmed them out for their own benefit. Edward I
laid hands upon them first of all, in 1285, on the occasion of
war ; and it appears from a Roll that Edward 1 1 also seized
them, and to this the account of the restitution of 1 Edward
III seems to apply.1 In 1337, Edward III confiscated their

(1). Rymer's Foedera, torn, iv, p. 246.

The Alien Priory of Stoke Courcy. 63

estates and let out the priories, with all their lands, at his
pleasure for twenty-three years,2 at the end of which time,
peace being concluded between the two nations, he restored
their estates in 1361. In an Abbreviatio Rot. Orig. (Rot. 28),
in Edward Ill's reign, a "Johannes Bakeler et Sibilla uxor
ejus " acquire in this way the estates of Stoke Courcy Priory
and Church. In Kirby's Quest, c. 1286, the name of Bakeler
is amongst the " Burgenses " of Stoke Courcy Borough ; and
in 34 Edward III, John Bakeler appears as a member of Par-
liament for Stoke Courcy. In Nether Stowey, an adjoining
parish, the church was appropriated by Robert de Candos, who
held the Barony of Nether Stowey, to the alien priory of
Goldcliff, in Monmouth. This was a cell of the abbey of
Bec-Hellouin, in Normandy. But here, also, as in the case
of Stoke Courcy, there is a sequestration and diversion of
patronage. In the Calendar of Patent Rolls, July 23, 1378,
there is an account of the presentation of John Smert, keeper
of the " Chantry of Wynterbourne, to the Vicarage of Nether
Stowey, in the Diocese of Bath and Wells, in the King's gift
by reason of the temporalties of the Priory of GoldclifF being in
the King's hands on account of the war with France." Long
before this, in May, 1317-18, we read that Bishop Drokensford
granted to John de Lanton, Prior, the guardianship of the
sequestered churches of Nether Stowey, Puriton, and Wool-
avington, which had been uncanonically farmed to a layman
by the Prior of GoldclifF, Rector.3 In September, 1317, there
is a sterner order : " The Bishop to Rural Dean of Poulet.
The custody of the sequestered Rectories of Puriton and Wool-
avington we committed to W. de Osgodby, Clerk. He has
been turned out of the Rectory by violence of some unknown.
Therefore, denounce excommunication t in churches of the
Deanery, with full ceremony, and cite any known offenders
to Wells Consistory." Here, indeed, was a pretty quarrel of

(2). Ibidem.

(3). S.R.S., vol. i, p. 130.

64 Papers, fyc.

jurisdiction ! Sequestration' went on in the reign of Richard
II, as we gather from Rym. Foedera. torn., vii, p. 697 ; also
from Dugdale's Warwickshire, 2nd ed., vol. i, p. 37 ; and
much land and property of these alien priories disappeared, no
doubt into laymen's hands. Henry IV showed some favour
to them (1399-1412), restoring all the Conventual ones, only
reserving to himself in time of war what they paid in time of
peace to the foreign abbeys. Their chequered career may
partly be gathered from a glance at the patronage given in
such a work as Weaver's Somerset Incumbents. There, for
example, the right of presentation to Nether Stowey and to
Stoke Courcy Vicarages is constantly shifting from the Mien
Priory to the Crown and back again. However, the end came
in 1414-15 (2 Henry V), when they were all dissolved by Act
of Parliament. Henry VI endowed his foundations at Eton
and Cambridge with the lands of the alien priories, although
his father wished to appropriate them all to a noble col-
lege at Oxford. Thus we may now understand how Stoke
Courcy and, with it, as original appropriations to the Priory
of Stoke Courcy, the churches of Holford and Wootton
Courtney are, at this present moment, all in the gift of Eton
College ; also why Nether Stowey is in the gift of the Dean
and Chapter of Windsor. The historical association stretches
far back, in the case of Stoke Courcy, to the pious wish of
William de Falaise, at the time of the Norman Conquest.
About fifty years ago, a pluralist — the Rev. J. Barnwell —
united in his own person the Rectory of Holford and the
Vicarage of Stoke Courcy, together with Lilstock, and so far
represented, perhaps unconsciously, a large part of the original
endowment.

There is one very important point in the history of alien
priories, which certainly is especially illustrated in the annals
of the Stoke Courcy foundation, and it is this, that their very
existence was an eyesore to English bishops who wished to
maintain ecclesiastical discipline within, their dioceses. It was

The Alien Priory of Stoke Courcy. 65

galling to think that there was a nominating power outside the
country which could send over priors and dump down unruly
and licentious monks of a foreign nationality and compel the
country to keep them. Bishop Drokensford is brought in con-
flict with the anomaly, and, as a disciplinarian, fights against
it. The same bishop does not hesitate to attack such a power-
ful and thoroughly indigenous institution as the Abbey of
Glastonbury, at a Visitation in March, 1312-13, and pro-
nounces excommunication (reserving Absolution to ourselves),
against those who, "owing to the illicit oathe of secrecy made
to defeat correction," had combined together. However, he
has no patience with the alien priory of Stoke Courcy, and
takes strong measures to right matters there. It was not,
therefore, a long step forward to object to all alien ecclesias-
tical influences, and in this way the abolition of alien priories
in Henry Vs reign paved the way for greater reforms and a
wider programme.

Of the various sources of information about Stoke (or, as it
was named when the De Courcy family inherited it from the
Falaise family, Stoke Courcy) Priory, which Tanner gives
us in his Notitia Monastica, that of the " Cartae et Rentalia
in archivis Eton. Coll. juxta Windsor " is certainly the most
interesting and, perhaps, the least explored. Allusion was
made to them in vol. xviii p. 15, of the Proceedings of the Som.
Arch. Soc., by the late Dr. Groodford, Provost of Eton ; and
Thomas Martin de Palgrave many years ago made extracts
from them.4 Through the courtesy of the Kev. W. A. Carter,
Bursar of Eton College, the writer was enabled, last May, to
have a look at the old documents themselves, and to make use
of a private list of them belonging to the College authorities.
They are contained in two boxes in the library (one of them
labelled 19s) and are very numerous, many of them, with fine
seals attached, dating back to A.D. 1100-1200. For the infor-
mation of archaeologists, it may be said that there exists here

(4). See Catalogue of his Library, Bodleian, Oxford.

Vol. XLI11 (Third Seriw, Vol. Ill), Part If. i

66 Papers, fyc.

a large amount of valuable material still to be deciphered. In
Collinson's History of Somerset, neither Stoke Courcy Castle
nor the Priory are treated so fully as the Manor of Fairfield,
originally a place of comparatively small importance, lying,
curiously enough, in the Hundred of Williton, not Canning-
ton, in which Stoke Courcy itself lies, and held formerly under
the Chief Barony of Nether Stowey, where the baronial
families of the de Candos, Columbers, and Audley reigned
supreme.

There is no doubt that the original grant of St. Andrew's
Church to the Church of St. Mary at Lonley, in Normandy,
was made by William de Falaise and Geva his wife, and the
fact of the original grant is mentioned in a Cartulary of Stoke
Courcy Priory now at Eton College. Although this actual
grant is not among the MSS. there, still there are confir-
mations of it, one by Robert, Bishop of Bath (1135-1165),
and another by William, son of William de Curci, by consent
of Gundrea, his wife, of the grants of his ancestors, viz. Wil-
liam de Falaise his great-grandfather, and William the son
of Humphrey, who appears to have given with Emma his
wife the advowson of Utton (Wootton Courtney). This
document is instructive as it shows the relationship between
William de Falaise and the de Courcy family, as successors
to the Manor and Castle of Stoke (Courcy). With regard to
Wootton it will be remembered that William de Falaise held
at the Domesday Survey both Wootton (Courtney) and Stoke
(Courcy), and thus the Wootton endowment is accounted for
by family and territorial influence. From the Eton College
Cartulary it appears that the object of the first endowment
was "for the benefit of the soul of King Henry and others."
Collinson simply says "for the soul of William de Falaise
and his wife." Another grant by " Anketill the son of Her-
bert and Bercellina his wife," by consent of William de Eston
(Idson, near Stoke Courcy) and his heirs, makes mention of a
demesne called Hunesberegeland. This is the Hederneberia

The Alien Priori/ of Stoke Courcy. 67

of which Anschetill Parcarius was Domesday tenant in capite,
who also held Edeveston or Idson under Roger de Corcelle.5
It is now Honibere and a point about which Mr. Eyton was
naturally in ignorance is cleared up. The above grant went
to the Church of St. Andrew and the monks and to the Chapel
of St. John the Evangelist adjoining the said Church of St.
Andrew. This is the only mention I can find of their chapel.
In another charter Honeberegeland is exchanged for "certain
lands at Stayning." Honeberegeland or Honibere was a very
old manor and gave a name to the tithing of Honibere. It lies
to the north of Fairfield House, and was once the residence of
a branch of the Luttrell family, whose monuments are still to be
seen in the mortuary chapel at Lilstock.6 Tradition has it that
the site of Honibere Court is exactly that of a pond close to
the road and almost facing the back entrance to Fairfield. Two
ancient tracks, now marked on the Ordnance Survey as foot-
paths, converge upon the old site of Honibere, one leading
down from Kilton Hill head, known as Harborough or Har-
ford Lane, a terminus still known to road contractors ; the
other, now only a field track, from the ancient farm of Plud,
and in connection thus with " Portway " Lane, a suggestive
route-name. With regard to Stayning, the other property, it
has a most interesting old manor house, with oak staircase
and panels, well worth a visit.

The earliest grants, however, to Lonley would be the church
and tithes of St. Andrew, two parts of the tithes of Wiletun
(Williton), Wootton (Courtney), two parts of the tithes of
Lilstock. Lonley is described by John Nicholls, in his work
on alien Priories,7 as " a Benedictine Abbey in a town of that
name in the Diocese of Seez, founded A.D. 1026, by William
Talvaet, Earl of Bellesme." As a natural sequel of this

(5). Eyton's Domesday, vol. i, p. 122, and vol. ii, p. 17.

(6). See also Brown's Somerset Wills, series 6, p. 16. Nicolas Luttrell, of
flombere, in Lilstock. Will dated July 5th, 1588.
(7). Vol. i, p. 104.

68 Papers, $c.

Somerset endowment there must have been constant commu-
nication between West Somerset and Normandy and Caen, a
fact not to be lost sight of when we want to detect direct
architectural and other influences. All alien Priories, as cells
to the Mother Church, were links between this country and
the Continent and sometimes had an educational value.

Subsequently, there are two very interesting confirmations
of the original grant, one by Robert Fitz-urse, with the sig-
natures of John Bret, Richard Fitz-urse, and Reginald Fitz-
urse, with the seal attached and device of a bear (Fitz-urse),
the other by Reginald Fitz-urse, both, apparently, belonging
to the 12th century. Both of these refer to the Williton
endowment, and the latter has the signatures of William de
Curci and William Brito. In the first-named confirmation
William de Falaise and his successors are termed the "ances-
tors " of the Fitz-urse family, and the relationship is shown,
therefore, between the Falaise, de Courcy, and Fitz-urse
families. It may be conjectured that it was through the de
Falaise family that the Fitz-urse and de Bret families came
to Williton and Sampford Bret, a point about which Collinson
expresses himself as unable to form an opinion.

After the de Courcy and Fitz-urse grants and confirmations
the deed of Hugo de Nevile excites our interest. His name,
which in Dugdale's Baronage (vol. i, p. 288) is given erron-
eously as that of the original founder of Stoke Courcy Priory,
signifies simply a change of ownership of the castle and manor.
Hugo de Nevile married Joan, one of the two daughters of
Alice de Curci, sister and heiress of John de Curci, Earl of
Ulster, in Ireland, and son and heir of William de Curci.8
Henceforth the de Courcys disappear from the place and are
represented only in the female line.

A John de Curci and a Jordan de Curci subscribe to a
grant of William de Curci the third, by which a mill at
Norham, known as " Mervines Mill," is made over to the

(8). Callings Peerage, vol. ii, p. 152.

The Alien Priory of Stoke Courcy. 69

monks of Stoke Courcy, and this John may be the warrior of
Ulster fame.9 There are two Pohers (Poers), William and
Durand, who appear amongst the signatories also, and these
may be of the family who went to Ireland. In the Rawlinson
MSS., after speaking of the prowess of John de Curci, the
writer says "though many were that in this fight that boldly
did, natheles Roher le Power, that thereafter was of great
myght in Ossory and in the county of Leghlin, was the other
that best did." In the grant of Holford Church (1175),
Roger Poher, Durand Power, and William Poher appear.
It is curious that Collinson says nothing under his account of
Stoke Courcy of the Irish exploits of the de Courcy s. Nor
can I discover that he says anything of the Poher, Power, or
Poer family.

In the Eton deeds there are several grants and confirmations
by the Poher family, who gave rent and money from Cnapeloc
(Knaplock, in Cannington).

The importance of Stoke Courcy as a starting point for
both Welsh and Irish expeditions must not be lost sight of by
the antiquary. Growing up round the spring of St. Andrew,
perhaps the " Fons et origo " of the whole settlement, and
clustering round the Church of St. Andrew with its appanage
of Little Stoke, or Lilstock, here was probably a very ancient
station. The " Stoke " lay close to, if not upon, the main line
of communication between the West of England and the
Severn Valley and Caerleon. The river Parret was a nbtable
boundary, the bailiwick or serjeantry of East and West
Parret being well-known territorial definitions. The Normans,
being skilful sailors, used the Parret and Bridgwater Bay as
a base for further conquests. No sooner is Robert de Candos
established at Nether Stowey Castle than he attacks Owen,
the "dominus de Karlyon," and founds Goldclive, in Mon-
mouth, to which he attached, as we have seen, Nether Stowey

(9). See " The English Conquest of Ireland." Early English Text Society.
Rawlinson MSS.

70 Papery §-c.

Church. The Cogans of Huntspill, Reymond of Canteton
(Cannington), and others cross over to Ireland (1100-1200)
with Strongbow and the Welsh barons. It was a curious and
doubtless an historical claim of Henry II that King Arthur,
whose traditions are so well known along the valley of the
Parret, should have had "truage out of Ireland." The royal
associations of this part of England must not be forgotten.
Cannington was an ancient demesne of the Crown, being part
of the possessions of Edward the Confessor. After the battle
of Hastings the mother of Harold flies to the Steep Holmes,
just opposite Stoke Courcy and the mouth of the Parret.
Tradition says that Beer manor, lying close under Cannington
Park, was a royal hunting lodge. In Kirby's Quest, taken
before 1286, the Queen of England held as a gift from the
king the Vill of Wick, or Week, and the Hundred of Can-
nington, and with Wick tithing may have been associated the
smaller properties of Burton, Knighton, and Stolford, in the
tithing itself. Of these, Stolford, from its proximity to the
sea and the Parret mouth, would be the most important, be-
coming the sea-port of Stoke Courcy rather than the rougher
roadstead of Lilstock, comparatively a new landing-place.
The ships of ancient times were of shallow draught and would
lie better in the estuary and side overflows of the Parret,
with their soft and muddy beds and with their advantages as
natural dry docks, than on the rocky foreshore of Lilstock
and the bays further west. Curiously enough, it is in the
neighbourhood of Stolford that we find the oldest sites, so it
would seem, of farm houses. In the Preface to the Tithe
Commutation of Stoke Courcy (1840), a certain "modus deci-
mandi " was said to be due to the Vicar of Stoke C?ourcy
from what are expressly termed "the ancient farms" of Whit-
wick, Charleton, and Bartletts, all of which would appear to
be close to Stolford. The name of " Bartletts " at Stolford,
a small property now belonging to Mr. R. R. Rawlings, seems
almost forgotten and is confused with "Bartletts," at Lil-

The Alien Priory of Stoke Courcy. 71

stock. Charleton farm has a field with the suggestive name
of " Welsh Field," pointing, perhaps, to some over-sea con-
nection. If, as the Stoke Courcy Priory deeds show, there
was a Welsh endowment of Tyenton and Tregnu to the
monks of Stoke Courcy, there was probably some ready means
of communication kept up between Stolford and some point
on the opposite coast. In the 14th century the Stoke Courcy
monks had a chapel at Stolford. It must not be forgotten
that the endowment of " Tienton and a church in Wales " was
the gift of William de Falaise and Geva, his wife ; so the
Norman baron did not waste much time in stretching out his
long and powerful arms to Wales, and we get a little light
upon the first conquest of South Wales. With regard to the
Church of Lilstock it would appear, from the Eton College
deeds, that in the first grant of William de Falaise's, two parts
of the tithes were given, together with St. Andrew's Church,
Lilstock, being an appanage of Stoke, or Estocha, as it
appears in Domesday. Subsequently, there is the further gift
of the advowson of the church itself, and it appears from a
Confirmation of Philip de Columbariis the Third, of the
barony of Nether Stowey, that the original donor was his
grandfather, Hugh Butler. There is a Hugh Butler, who ap-
pears as a signatory in the grant of Holford Church (c. 1175),
who may be the same, as the dates coincide. If so, the ad-
vowson of Lilstock would have been given to Stoke (Courcy)
Priory in the 12th century. Since then, Lilstock became,
ecclesiastically, part of Stoke Courcy, until, by order of Her
Majesty in Council (April 1st, 1881), the chapelry, as it
was called, of Lilstock, was separated from the vicarage and
parish church of Stoke Courcy and united with the parish of
Kilton. The Incumbent is termed the Rector, Vicar and per-
petual Curate of Kilton-cum-Lilstock. The nave, tower, and
porch of Lilstock Church have been pulled down and the
chancel alone remains, having been converted into a Mortuary
Chapel. The old Norman font still remains there. The

72 Papers, Sfc.

patronage of the church has passed into the hands of the
Bishop by an exchange with Over Stowey.

In the history of Stoke Courcy Priory the evils of an alien
institution show themselves at various stages. In 1270, Wil-
liam, Bishop of Bath and Wells, sent a citation to Robert,
Abbot of Lonley, lately Prior of Stoke Courcy, requesting
him to answer for his maladministration of the affairs of the
Priory by sending its property over the sea and burdening it
with " corrodies."10 The Bishop sends three of the Stoke
Courcy monks to remain with the Abbot in France until an
improvement in the condition of the Priory should allow of
their return to England.

In 1316, there was an Inquisition or Commission issued by
the active Bishop Drokensford,11 to summon the chapter of
Bridgwater Deanery and to ascertain how and when the
vacancy in Stoke Courcy took place, what churches were
appropriated and what were the means ; also about the morals
of the presentee.

In August, 1316, therefore, the Chapter held in Bridgwater
Church, furnished the following statements for the information
of the Bishop, who appears to have been greatly in ignorance
of the affairs of this alien institution and to have determined
to sift them. (1) That Lonley Abbey was the patron. (2)
That the Priory was endowed with the churches of Stoke
Courcy, Lillingstoke (Lilstock), and the sinecure chapel of
Durberwe (Durborough), with all their tithes and oblations
and two carucates of land, five acres of meadow, the whole
worth forty-five marks, applicable to the use of the Priory,
z>., therefore, with no vicarage endowment; the "complement"
depending on the will of the Abbey. The Presentee was
Giles Roussee, a Frenchman.

With regard to the above it does not appear that the sine-
cure chapel of Durborough (a manor, now a farm house, lying

(10). MSS. penes Eton: Coll :
(11). S.R.S., vol. i, 8.

The Alien Priory of Stoke Courcy. 73

about one-and-a-half miles to the south-west of Stoke Courcy)
is elsewhere mentioned, as far as the writer can discover. At
one time it belonged to Glastonbury, being the gift of Elflem,
in pre-Norman times. Within the memory of man an offshoot
of the Holy Thorn of Glastonbury used to grow there close
to the lane, being visited on Twelfth Night by the country
folk to see it burst out into blossom. The late Sir Peregrine
Acland is said to have protected the last decaying branches
with a wall. At the present time there is an early thorn,
perhaps a slip from this, in Fairfield shrubbery. However,
at Durborough the chapel and thorn are both gone. There
is a field called Chapel Hayes which marks the site of the
former, and an old wall indicates where the latter grew.

In 1326, the Priory came under the more severe scrutiny of
Bishop Drokensford.12 " The Bishop to the Abbot of Lonley,
the Norman mother-house of Stoke Courcy Priory. Having
found, on visitation, your Priory impoverished and neglected,
containing the Prior and one Monk (the witness of his own
innocence), some servants and useless folks sojourning there by
your leave, the other monks living lecherous! y abroad, and
being moved by Sir Robert Fitz-payne, patron, we decree
that the sinning monks be sent to Lonley for correction, and
that no more be sent to the Priory until it be reinstated
through the Prior and our help."

In 1328, the Prior, Giles Roussee, who seems to have been
a very worthless Frenchman, was superseded by the Abbot of
Lonley,13 as " alienator bonorum " (thus accounting perhaps
for the disappearance of some Priory property), and Godfrey
de Due appointed. Bishop Drokensford institutes him to the
Priory and to the Church of Stoke Courcy, and the Prior
swore to maintain continuous residence and ritual, and the
three resident monks swore obedience to the Prior (18th June,
1328) ; an oath which points to previous breaches of discipline.

(12). S.R.S., vol. i, 261.
(13). S.R.S., vol. i, 287.

Vol. XL11J (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. k

74 Papers, §-c.

The Rural Dean of Bridgwater is ordered to release the
sequestration of the Priory. Curiously enough, it appears
from the Bishop?s Register that all this process was undone
by the Prior's resignation, recited at full but no reason given.

Things, however, at Stoke Courcy, go on from bad to worse,
and between the Castle and the Priory there is a good deal of
friction and violence, Sir Robert Fitz-payne being at open
war with the Prior. In the Calendar of Patent Rolls, March
8th, 1332, there is a " Commission of oyer and terminer to
Philip de Columbariis of Stowey Castle, John Inge, and
John de Fosse, on complaint of the Prior of Stoke Courcy
that Robert Fitz-payne, Ela his wife, Robert le Chapleyne,
John de Forde, parson of the Church of Okeford Fitz-payne,
etc., at Stoke Courcy, co. Somerset, broke his houses, chest,
and goods ; took away a horse, a colt, and a boar, worth £10,
felled his trees, dug in his quarry and carried away the stone
and the trees, that they unyoked 10 oxen from the plough,
drove them to the Castle, and that the said Robert Fitz-
payne then impounded them and kept them in pound against
law and custom of the realm, impounded 8 oxen, 120 sheep,
60 lambs, and 30 swine of his, and detained them until he
made fine with the said Robert and Ela by 37 marks at divers
times, and demised his tithe of sheaves and hay belonging to
Stolford Chapel to the said John (de Forde ?) for a term of
years."

Sir Robert Fitz-payne turns to Cannington, of which the
de Courcy family were patrons, to found a chantry for himself
and his family, rather than to Stoke Courcy, and on January
28th, 1333, we discover in the Calendar of Patent Rolls a
licence for the alienation in mortmain by Robert Fitz-payne,
to the Prioress and Nuns of Cannington of eighty acres of
land in Cannington and Radeweyes (Rodway Fitz-payne),
held in chief, towards the support of a chaplain to celebrate
divine service daily in Cannington Church for the soul of the
said Robert, his ancestors and heirs.

The Alien Priory of Stoke Courcy. 75

Shortly after this the patronage both of Stoke Courcy and
of Wootton (Courtney) lapsed into the hands of the Crown.
In 1347, Edward III appoints William Jurdan as incumbent
of Stoke Courcy and Wm. Boulton, in 1342, as incumbent
of Wootton (Courtney), and in the Crown they both appear to
remain until they both came into the hands of the " Prae-
positus Collegii beatae Mariae de Eton et idem Collegium.14
The first Eton nomination to Stoke Courcy was in 1453.
Just ten years previous to this there was an exciting episode
in the annals of Stoke Courcy parish. John Vernay, of Fair-
field, was cited in 1442 to appear before the Archbishop of
Canterbury, to answer a complaint of Robert Vyse (the last
Prior of Stoke Courcy), because all the time of High Mass in
the Parish Church of Stoke Courcy he had preached to the
people in English, using opprobrious words and calling on the
people to obey him rather than the Prior and his Vicar.15
It was evident that matters had reached a climax as between
"the Squire and Parson" of Stoke Courcy. It was just about
this date (1442) that the possessions of Stoke Courcy Priory
passed, by the will of the king, into the possession of Eton
College. About a century afterwards the larger monasteries
were dissolved.

It took, therefore, more than one hundred years to break
up the Monastic System in England, and perhaps in English
history we do not assign sufficient importance to the first
step, viz : the occasional appropriation of alien Priories to
educational purposes. The Annals of Stoke Courcy point at
an early stage to the revolt against foreign and papal domina-
nation. John Yernay, of Fairfield, might or might not have
felt the indignation of soul which hardened into being the
Cromwellian type many generations afterwards. But the pro-
testing spirit had surely shown itself already in West Somerset.

As showing the ancient connection of Stoke Courcy with

(14). Weaver's " Somerset Incumbents."
(15). MSS. penes Eton. Coll.

76 Papers, §r.

Over Stowey, the grant which gives the " wood and pasture on
Cantok" (Quantock) is very interesting. From it we learn
the dedication of Over Stowey Church, viz. to St. Peter.
Part of Over Stowey was an addit amentum to W. de Falaise's
property of Stoke (Courcy ),16 and up to the present day this
part of Over Stowey pays land tax in the ty thing of Week or
Wick Fitz-payne, in Stoke Courcy. The land tax levied on
the vicarage of Over Stowey also used to be paid into Stoke
Courcy ; a certain portion been levied on Plainsfield, and a
certain portion on Adscombe tything, and a certain portion on
Bincombe tything. It was in December, 1806, that a part
of this tax was redeemed. The manor of Week has a great
prominence in Stoke Courcy Records. In 12 Henry VI,
Elizabeth, the wife of Thomas Trivet, held amongst other
lands the manor of Chilton, of Sir Robert Poynings, Krit., as of
Ms manor of Wyke. In 1286, as already noted, the "Domina
Regina Anglic, consors Regis tenet villam de Wyge et Hun-
dred, predictum (i.e. Canningtori) pro v hidis terre de dono
Domini Regis. Therefore it was in the gift of Edward I.17
It was handed on to Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland,
by his marriage with Eleanor, the heiress of the Poynings,
Fitz-paynes, and Bryans. From this date it would appear
to be known as Week Fitz-payne, just as Staple Fitz-payne,
Cheddon Fitz-payne, and Gary Fitz-payne, etc., were named
from this family. John II, Earl of Egmont (born February
24th, 1711), appears as " Lord of Duhallow, Burton Liscarrol,
Kanturk, Lohort in Ireland, and of Enmore, Anderfeld,
Spaxton, Tuxwell and Radlet, Currypole and Charlinch,
Asholt, Eley (or Aley Green), Plainsfield, Over Stowey and
Friron (Friarn), Quantock, Week Fitz-payne and Windiates,
the Borough and Honour of Stoke Courcy, and the Hundreds
of Anderfeld, Williton, and Freemanors." With regard to
Windiates, it would appear to have been the name of the

(16). Eytoris Domesday Survey, vol. i, p. 123.
(17). S.K.S., vol. iii, p. 17.

The Alien Priory of Stoke Courcy. 77

manor on which the old Castle of Stoke Courcy was built.
Close by there is a " Wyndeates Lane," and under " Week
Ty thing" two closes of ground are called parts of Wynnards
or Windyates. " Windyates and Dorlea " are now in the
possession of Colonel Rawlings, and the fields are close up to
the very site of the old Castle. On the east side of the
Castle are the demesne lands of the Stoke Courcy Priory
with a field called " War Meadow " ; a very euphonious name,
considering the stormy fortunes of the old Castle.

The same grant is very interesting from a topographical
point of view, as throwing a side light upon the old routes
and trackways from the east to the west of the Quantocks.
Allusion is made to the great road of Solmere on the lower
part, and the great road called " Staw Herepat " on the upper
part, to the head of Ramescuba (Ramscombe). It is inter-
esting to trace where the Stoke Courcy monks had their
privileges, for Ramscombe is a very definite point on the
Quantocks, known to every sportsman, and it must have been
up Seven Wells Combe. There is a " Friarn Wood " and a
" Friarn Ball " there still. Along the Seven Wells stream is
a very ancient boundary separating what is known locally as
" Lords Customs " and " Ramscombe Customs." The higher
Stowey Road is still a well-known feature, and the lower
must have had its entrance at Seven Wells, where, not long
ago, the " Squirrel Inn " existed, together with the little loca-
tion, up the valley, of " Higher Old Cottages " and " Lower
Old Cottages." At the entrance of " Seven Wells " there
was more than one ancient communication. To this point
Mr. Phelps, in his History of Somerset (vol. ii, p. 113J, traces
the trackway of British times leading from " Gaunts Farm "
and Combwich passage to Cannington Park. From this park
the route went from Horn Hill close to the park, in almost a
straight line westwards past the famous Oakley Oak, one of
the oldest trees in Somerset, but now, alas, a wreck of its
former self. Within its bole, hollowed by age, it is said that

78 Papers, fyc.

fifteen men dined not twenty years ago. From Keenethorne
to the " Pear Tree Inn," Marsh Mills, Aley Green, the site
fifty years ago of the old "Dial Inn," and up the ridge of
Quantock, straight to Triscombe Stone, here is the line as
clear as possible. The old routes between the valley of the
Parret and the Quantocks are interesting in many ways, not
the least because they furnish a link between the ancient
Manors of Stoke Courcy, Wick, Rodway Fitz-payne in the
valley, and the Domesday addit amentum of Over Stowey on
the Quantocks above. Along these roads, favoured by the
Baron's charter, the Stoke Courcy monks drove their flocks to
feed on the breezy uplands of the Quantocks, or fetched their
wood and fuel.

The other Quantock document containing a letter or con-
cession from Robert, Lord of Poynings, authorising, in 24
Henry VI, the Prior of Stoke Courcy and the Prioress of
Cannington to fell a certain amount of wood on the Quantocks,
is interesting also. The fact of this deed of gift seems still to
be remembered amongst the country folk of Cannington and
Stowey. The Cannington poor are said to have had privileges
of gathering and cutting wood on the Quantocks, especially
along Five Lords Customs to the east of Danesborough and
along Bincombe.

The Eton College documents are useful also in the notices
they afford of various influential families in the neighbour-
hood who subscribe their names to them as witnesses. Among
them are Sir W. Malet, of Enmore ; Sir W. Fichet, of
Stringston, a branch of the Malet family, known also at Mer-
ridge, in Spaxton ; Walter Russell, of Sydenham, connected
also with Fairfield ; many signatures of the Regny or Reigni
family, this family being lords of Asholt on the Quantocks, as
we learn from a charter of Barlinch Priory,18 also the owners
of Doniford, near Williton, granted to them in the reign of
Henry II, by Richard Fitz-urse.19

(18). Som. Arch. Proceedings, vol. xxix, p. 76.
(19). Collinson, vol. iii, p. 491.

The Alien Priory of Stoke Courcy. 79

A Richard Fitz-urse appears in one of the Eton College
Confirmations, viz., that of Robert Fitz-urse, where Reginald
Fitz-urse is also a signatory. In this same charter is Roger
de Ralegh, and in the Confirmation of William de Sancto
Stephano, Simon de Raalee (Ralegh) — both, presumably, of
Nettlecombe. There are several other names, e.g., of the
Chaudel, Poher, Labule, de Aura, and other families about
which we might desire to know more.

II.

DOCUMENTS relating to property at Stoke Courcy (Stogursey),
Wootton Courtney, Lilstock, Holford, Williton, etc., in the
possession of Eton College, which throw light upon the found-
ation of the Alien Priory at Stoke Courcy and the Church of
St. Andrew there.

A Cartulary of Stoke Courcy written on three membranes
reciting several of the deeds already noticed. Among those
of which the originals are not now to be found among the
MSS. of Eton College, are the two following :

Grant by William de Faleisia and Geva his wife to the Church of S. Mary
of Lonley of the Church of S. Andrew of Sutinstock (Stoke) with the
tithes of the Parish and two parts of the tithes of Wiletune, two parts of
the tithes of Lilstock (Lulinstocke) for Raunulf and the monks for ever
for the benefit of the soul of King Henry and others. They also grant
the whole tithe of Tientone and a Church in Wales with the tithe of a
parish called Treigru given by Robert the son. This grant appears to
have been issued under the great seal of King Henry I.

A grant by Anketill the sou of Herbert and Bencellina his wife by consent
of William de Eston their son and heir and of his heirs, for the benefit of
their respective souls, of the soul of Roger son of the said William to the
Churches of S. Mary and Lonley and S. Andrew of Stoke and the monks
thereof and the Chapel of S. John the Evangelist adjoining the said
Church of St. Andrew of certain lands at Monketon and of part of their
demesne called Hunesberge lande (Honibere, near Stogursey.)

The others are —

Confirmation by Robert Bishop of Bath of the grants made by William de
Faleisia and Gena or Geva his wife, to the Church of S. Mary of Lonlay,
to wit, the Church of S. Andrew at Stoke, two parts of the tithe of
Williton, two parts of the tithe of Lilstock, and the whole tithe of Tieton
(in Wales) and of the grant of William the son of Humphrey and Emma
his wife of the advowson of Wotton. Witnesses, Ivo, Dean of Wells ;
Martin, Archdeacon of Bath ; Eustace, archdeacon of Wells ; Hugh de
Turnay, Archdeacon of beyond Ferret ; Hugh, Dean of Spakeston and
others. Date 1135-1160.

N.B.— Robert of Bath died in 1165. Ivo was his Dean.

80 Papers, frc.

Confirmation by William son of William de Curci by consent of Gundrea his
wife and his heirs to the Church of S. Mary of Lonlay and the monks
thereof, of the grants of his ancestors, viz., William de Faleisia, his great
grandfather, and William the son of Humphrey (films Umfredi), William
de Curci his grandfather and William his father, including a hide of land
and of the Church of S. Andrew of Stoke and the advowson of the
Churches of Uttona (Wootton Courtney) and Lullingstoke (Lilstock), etc.
Witnesses, William his nephew, William de Reigni, Hugh Butler, William
de Bainville, William Chaudel, Seward the priest, William de Staininges.

(12th Century.)

Confirmation by William de Curci, Steward of the King of England, of all
the gifts of his predecessors to the Church of S. Andrew de Stockiis and
the monks thereof. Witnesses, Simon Fitz-Simon, Hugh Golafre, William
the son of Ralph.

Grant by William de Curci, Steward of the King, for the souls of his grand-
father, William de Curci and his father William and all his relations and
ancestors to the monks of S. Andrew of Stoke of the mill at Norham,
which is called "Mervine's Mill," which he bought of Hugh Gulafere.
Witnesses, Geoffry the Prior, William the Monk, William Pantol, Seward
the Priests, John de Curci, Jordan de Curci, Simon the son of P. William
de Begni, William his nephew, William Poher, Durand Poher, Hubert
Butler, Osbert de Estona, William Chaudel, Clement, Bernard, and Regi-
nald. Fragment of fine equestrian seal attached.

Grant by Robert the son of Alfred to the Church of S. Andrew of Stoke
of the Church of Holford. Witnesses, Sir Geoffry, Abbot of Lonlay,
Hugerus, Gerin de Alenconis, Prior of Stoke, and fourteen others named,
amongst whom are Durand Poher, Hugh Butler, William Poher, Roger
Poher. This grant was made by consent of the grantor's wife Rosa and
his son and heir Henry, A.D., 1175. Fragment of equestrian seal attached.

Grant by William the son of Reginald to the monastery of Stoke of the house
of Legga and a rent of ten sticks (250) of eels and one great eel. Wit-
nesses, Gilbert de Sartilli, Bernard de Crauthorne, Richard his son, and
ten others named. (12th Century ?)

Confirmation by Robert Fitz-urse by consent of John his heir to the Church
of S. Andrew and the monks thereof of the gifts which his ancestors, that
is to say, William de Faleisia and his successors, gave to the said Church,
that is, of two parts of the tithe of Williton and grant of two parts of the
clearing (assarti) which the grantor and his heir shall make. Witnesses,
Adam de Bera, John Bret, Richard Fit/-urse, Reginald Fitz-urse, Brother
William de Maleville, then Preceptor of the Knights Templar, Brother
Roger de Ralegh, Brother Bernard, Ralph the clerk of Burge (Bridgwater),
Ralph the clerk of Stoke who wrote this deed. Large seal attached, de-
vice a bear.

Confirmation by Reginald Fitz-urse of the grant of William de Faleisia to
the Church of S. Andrew of Sutinstoke and the monks thereof of two parts
of the tithe of the sheaves (garbarum) of the demesne of Williton (Weleton).
Witnesses, William de Curci, Roger de Regni, William his son, William
Breto, Ralph Denis (Daco), Simon Breto, Ralph de Careville, Hugh
Walensis, William the son of Aco, Robert brother of the lord (Domini
fratris), Ralph Poher, William the Clerk, who made the Charter, and
Seward the Chaplain. Fragment of large seal with device of bear.

(12th Century.)

Grant by Hugh de Bonville (de Bona Villa) to the Church of S. Andrew
of Stoke Courcy for the sustentation of the monks and in augmenta-
tion of former gifts, of part of his wood and pasture on Quantock (in
Cantok) on the west side of the wood which he had given to the Church
of S. Peter of Over Stowey (de Superiori Staw) extending from the bounds

The Alien Priory of Stoke Courcy. 81

which John Channel had placed in the said wood between the great road
of Solmere on the lower part and the great road called "Staw Herepat"
on the upper part, to the head of Ramescuba (Ramscombe). Witnesses,
William de Columbers, Henry de Modiford, Alexander the parson of Otter-
hampton, Hugh the Chaplain of Edstock (Ichestoke), Geoffry Chaudel,
William Russell, Adam de Bere, William Flecher, Ranulf Harefot, Roger
Albus, and others. Equestrian seal attached. (12th Century.)

Petition of Hugh de Bonville to Robert Bishop of Bath, for the maintenance
and defence of the gifts made by him to the Church of S. Andrew of
Stoke (A.D. 1135-1166).

Confirmation by Sibilla de Aura, relict of William de Sancto Stephano, for
the souls of her deceased husband and her son, Robert de Sancto Stephano,
and her parents and friends, of the grants of her ancestors to the Church of
S. Mary of Lonley and the Church of St. Andrew of Stoke for the suste-
nance of the monks, to wit, a ferloug of the land of Aura which a rustic
named Midewinter held, and the tithe of the said demesne of Aura.
Witnesses, Ralph the son of William, John le Bret, Adam de Weckford,
and five others named. Seal attached.

Confirmation by William de Sancto Stephano of the gifts of his ancestors to
the Church of S. Andrew of Stoke and the monks thereof and grant of the
tithe of nine acres of land in his demesne of Aura which he was not wont
to pay. He declares that, by consent of the monks he will maintain a
chaplain to minister in his chapel at Aura. Witnesses John de Regni,
William de Columbers, William the chaplain of S. Decumans, William de
Grindesham, Richard Labule, John Bretesche, Simon de Raalee (Ralegh?)
William Fletcher, and others. Seal attached.

Confirmation by Philip de Columbariis the Third, of the deeds of his late
father Philip son of Philip de Columbariis, and of his grandfather Hugh
Butler, and his other predecessors, showing that the said Hugh granted
the advowson of the Church of Lilstock to the Church of S. Andrew and
the monks. Witnesses, Sir W. Malet, Sir W. Fichet, of Stringeston,
Master John of Ivelcester (llchester), Master Daniel, parson of Wembdon,
Thomas Trivett, William vicar of Stoke Curci, Walter Russell, of Siden-
ham. Fine seal attached. Device, a dove on a sprig of foliage.

Grant by Hugh de Neville by consent of his son and heir John to the monks
of Stoke Courcy of the Church of S. Andrew of Stoke Courcy, the whole
tithe of the parish, two parts of the tithe of Williton, two parts of the
tithe of Lilstock, the whole tithe of Tienton, and certain rights of pasture
in the wood called ' Cantoc,' aud the chaplaincy of his household.
Witnesses, Sir W. de Neville, Sir John de Regny, Sir Walter de la Grave,
Sir Philip de Bartur, Geoffrey Chaudel, Adam le Bere, and four others.

Confirmation by William le Poher of the gift of his father Ralph le Poher of
ten shillings from his rent of Cnapeloc (Knaplock in Cannington) to S.
Andrew and the monks of Stoke. Witnesses, William de Estun, Hugh
Fossard, William Chaudel, Robert de Estun, Osmund Lavel and others.
Seal attached. Device, an eagle, somewhat in form of a fleur-de-lys.

Confirmation by John Poher of the gift of his father of a rent of 10s. to the
Church of S. Andrew of Stoke and the monks thereof and grant of a rent
of eight pence in augmentation of the same. Witnesses, Geoffrey de Derlega,
William de Baugetripa (Bawdrip?), Geoffrey Chaudel, Hugh de Mara,
Roger the chaplain of Stoke, Walter Chaudel, Geoffrey Fichet, and others.
Seal attached. A fleur-de-lys.

Grant by Nicolas Poher to S. Andrew of Stoke and the monks thereof of land
at Middleton. Witnesses, William Poher, Joan the mother of Nicolas,
William de Reigni, Philip Poher, Fulk the son of Richard French, Hugh
Fichet, Henry de Windesham, William de Fitinton, Richard Taillefer,
Ralph the clerk who wrote this charter and others. Seal attached.
Device, a fleur-de-lys.

Vol. XLIl I (Third Series, Vol. I U), Part II. I

82 Papers, §-c.

Confirmation by Robert Poher of the gift of his father Robert Poher of a rent
of 10s., and of the gift of his brother John Poher, a rent of eightpence to
the church of S. Mary (?) of Stoke and the monks thereof. Witnesses,
John de Reigni, William de Gridesham, William de Cnapeloc (Knaplock)
and several others.

Confirmation by Robert le Poher as before with a further grant of 4d., pay-
able by William de Cnapeloc. Witnesses, William de Columbariis, Geoffrey
Chaudel, Robert de Eston, Richard Lebule, knights; William Lebule,
William Flecher, Ralph Hayward, John his son, William Brun and others.

Confirmation by William de Cnapeloc of the gifts which Robert le Poer and
his ancestors made to the Church of S. Andrew at Stoke Curci and the
monks thereof. Attested by seal and by oath on the holy relics of the
place. Witnesses, William de Draycot, William de Columbers, Robert de
Eston, William Russell, William Lebule, Ralph le Hayward, John his son,
Walter Brun, John de Otterhampton, and others. Seal attached. Device,
a fleur-de-lys.

Grant by William de Estona by consent of his wife Juliana and his heir to
the Church of S. Andrew of Stoke and the monks of that place of certain
lands at Stayning in exchange for lands at Hunesberigelond which had
been given to the monks by his ancestors. Witnesses, Gs. Abbot of
Lonlay, Walter Prior of Stoke and nine others.

Grant by Claricia de Bere to the church of S. Andrew of Stoke of half-an-
acre of land in Inmeda. Witnesses, Master William de Spacton, Geoffrey
dean of Cannington, Alexander the parson of Otterhampton.

Confirmation by Henry de Modiford of the grant made by his son Alexander
to the church of S. Andrew of Stoke for the soul of his wife Helewis.
Witnesses, Alexander Parson of Otterhampton, Hugh the Chaplain of
Edstock, and ten others, among whom are William de Eston, Geoffrey
Chaudel, Walter Chaudel, William de Mudiford. Seal attached. Device,
a rose.

Confirmation by Robert de London of the gift made by William son of
Humphrey and confirmed by William de Curci to the Church of S. Mary
of Lonley, and the Church of St. Andrew of Stoke Courcy, viz., the
Church of Wotton with its appurtenances, and grant of the land of
Hunelham and the mill at Wotton. Witnesses, Maurice de Regni, John
de Abend. Ralph.

Copy by John Vernay, of Fayrefield, Esq. (8 October, 34 Henry VI), of a
letter from Robert, Lord of Poyniiigs, Knight, dated 29 Nov., 24 Henry
VI, authorising his woodward of Quantock (Cantocke), to allow the Prioress
of Cannington and the Prior of Stoke Courcy to fell a certain quantity of
wood. ' And if they goo any ofter or any wot her wyse (otherwise) jan
(than) 1 have ywrite (written ?) to them take and sette ham yii pound fast
and make ham delyverance upon borrowes.' The woodward is to receive
3a. 4d. a year for his services.

Citation from William, Bishop of Bath and Wells, to Robert, Abbot of Lonley,
lately prior of Stoke Curci, to appear before him to answer for his malad-
ministration of the affairs of the Priory by sending its property over the
sea and burdening it with corrodies. The Bishop sends three of his monks
to remain with the Abbot until an improvement in the condition of the
Priory shall allow of their return. A.D. 1270.

Notice of a citation of John Vernay, a layman, of the diocese of Bath and
Wells, to appear before the Archbishop of Canterbury to answer a com-
plaint of Robert Vise, Prior of Stoke Curci, that, at the time of high mass
in the parish church of Stoke Curci, after the vicar's sermon, he had
preached to the people in English, using opprobrious words, and calling on
the people to obey him rather than the prior or the vicar. July 9, 1442,
Seal of Archbishop attached.

The Alien Priory of Stoke Courcy, 83

Exchange of land between Vincent, Prior of Stoke Courcy. and the monks of
that place, and Matilda the relict of Roger Rufus of Stoke Curci.
Witnesses, Ralph Russell, of Fayrefield, William de Stennings, Walter de
Dodeton, Thomas Alexander. Date 44 Henry III.

Grant by William de la Mora by consent of his heir to Robert the son of
Ulwric of a field by the Parret in free marriage with Mabel his daughter.
Witnesses, Sir Swar de Cantitune, Philip de Burci, William Testard,
Geoffrey de Brunmore, Adam de Kettenore, Adam le Bere, Andrew de
Bainville, Adam de Putterhill, Alexander the clerk and others. Seal
attached. Device, a fleur-de-lys. Apparently this grant does not refer to
the church.

The following are the authorities given by J. Tanner in his
Notitia Monastica :

(1) The Monasticon Anglicanum, and Richard Prior's Information.

(2) Dr. Archer's account, p. 624.

(3) M. Rymtr^s Conventionum, torn, viii, p. 104, de restitutione hujus

prioratus alienig, 1 Henry IV.

(4) Cartae, Rentalia, etc., in archivis Coll. Eton, juxta Windsor.

(5) Collect. Thomae Martin de Palgrave, mil. ex eisdem.

(6) Escaet. Somerset, 1 Edward I, n. 6. Glaus. 2 Edward I, m. i. de tertio

denario in Wyke, Radeway et Stoke Curcy.

(7) Escaet. Somerset, 49 Edward III, p. 2, n. 4, inquisitiones de omnibus

terris.

[1204, 3 Id. June. Confirmation to the prior and monks of St. Andrew Stokes of
their possessions, especially the churches of Wotone, Lullinstoke, Hoilefort,
Kichestoh [Idstock], two parts of the tithe of Corniton, the whole tithe of
one enclosure of Cumba, two parts of the tithe of Wileton, two parts of the
tithe of Lullinstoke, the right they have in the chapel of the castle of
Stokes, one hide of land in the territory of the said castle, the land of
Tinelande, one ferling of land, one acre of meadow, half a virgate of
Breche, and a new mill ; in Wales, the patronage of the church of Traigru ;
in Ireland, in Ulster, all the churches and benefices of the lordship of
John de Curci, from the water of Dalnart to that of Kerlingfort, except
the castle of Maincove, ten carucates of land in Ardes, that is, in
the land of Maccolochan; in Dalboing, in Hailo, that is, the town and
church of Arderashac, and ten carucates of land; in Kinelmolan, three
carucates of land.

From Calendar of Entries in the Papal Registers, relating to Great Britain
and Ireland (edited by W. H. Bliss), vol. i, p. 17.— ED.]

jfamilp.

BY JOHN BATTEN, F.S.A.

THE family of de Horsey, or Horsey, has been, since the
beginning of the 15th century, so closely associated
with the county of Dorset, one is apt to forget that from a
much earlier period they were seated in Somersetshire ; their
" dwelling-place," as Leland calls it, being at Horsey, a ham-
let in the parish of Bridgwater called " Hursi " in Domesday
book. From this place, which means in Anglo-Saxon, an
island for keeping or breeding horses, they took the name of
Horsey ; unless we accept the more romantic derivation from
the Saxon chieftain Horsa, who, with his brother in arms,
Hengist, is said to have paid a friendly visit to our island in
the fifth century. Be that as it may, their residence, until
they acquired Charlton, was, as Leland says, at Horsey, and
we may presume that an ancient chapel there, in which the
Vicar of Bridgwater was bound to perform divine service every
Sunday, was erected for their accommodation.1

The manor of Leigh Powlet in Devon, and Powlet in Somer-
set, were held of the manor of " Horsey neere Bridgwater, of
which Philip de Horcy and Thomas de Horcy were owners in
King Henry IFs time."2 But, in fact, both Horsey and Powlet
were fiefs of the Lordship of Bridgwater, as, early in the reign
of King John, Fulk Painell, whose family had inherited that

(1). Somerset Chantries, Record Society, p. 57.
(2). Sir William Pole's Devon, p. 210.

The Horsey Family. 85

lordship from Walter de Dowai, the Domesday tenant, notifies
by letter to Philip de Horsia that he had transferred to Wil-
liam de Briwere the services due from Philip for one knight's
fee in Horci, one in Powletta, and one in Bue (Bower), and
commanding him to acknowledge the said William as his future
lord.3 And these fees were afterwards held by Philip's son
William de Horsey of the heirs of William de Briwerr.4 Both
Philip and William his son were witnesses to several other
charters relating to lands in the neighbourhood of Bridgwater,5
and Philip was one of the knights on the grand assize held 6th
John for trying the right of Robert de Mandeville to the
barony of Marshwood.6

It is said7 that William de Horsey, son of Philip, sealed
a charter s.d. with the arms az., three horses' heads, couped at
the neck, or, bridged arg. This was undoubtedly the coat of
the family in later times, but without further verification it
may be questionable whether the use of allusive or canting
arms had been introduced at so early a period as the reign of
King John.

This William (I) had a son of the same name (William II),
who, by charter s.d., wherein he is described as " William son
of William de Horsya," granted to Edward Hatherick the land
in Pedredham juxta Combwich, which William his father gave
to the said Edward and Adam his brother,8 and by another
charter (also s.d.) William Avenell, son of Nicholas Avenell,
acknowledged that " William de Horsya son of William de
Horsya " had done his homage for the land of Swindon ( Wilts),
which William the father formerly held.9

(3). Charters of Duchy of Lancaster, no. 79. 35th Report D. K. Records,
App. II.

(4). Testa de Nevill, p. 200.

(5). Ibid.

(6).' Historical Memorials of South Somerset, p. 120.

(7). Notes and Queries, 5th series, vol. xi, p. 409.

(8). Harl. MS., 4120, f. 17.

(9). Ibid.

86 Papers, Sfc.

William de Horsey (II) increased his Somersetshire pos-
sessions by the purchase of a moiety of the manor of Charlton
Mackerel. That manor, with the adjoining one of Charl-
ton Adam, was part of the Barony of Arundel (so called
from Roger Arundel, the Domesday tenant), which, in the
reign of Richard I, was held in moieties by Robert de Pole
(ancestor of the Fitzpayns) and Roger de Newburgh. Roger
being an infant, the wardship of his estates was granted by the
crown to Robert Belet.10 It does not appear how the Belets
acquired the inheritance, but from the record of an assize
7 and 8 Edward I, between Robert Fitzpayn and John de
Horsey (I), respecting the church of Charlton Mackerel, we
learn that William de Horsey (II) " purchased a moiety of
the manor of William Belet son of Robert Belet, and this is
confirmed by the fact that William Belet, by deed under his
seal of three escallops, with the legend ' Sigill. Willi. Belet,'
and dated 41 Henry III, acknowledged the receipt from Wil-
liam de Horsey of £100 at different times, for the land at
Charlton."11

John de Horsey (I), who died in or before 22 Edward I,
leaving his wife Cristina and a son and heir, William (III), sur-
viving. By an inquisition taken after his death, of the yearly
value of his lands, it was found that he was seised in fee of half
a knight's fee in Charlton Makerel, for which he owed suit at
the Hundred Court of the King at Somerton, and that his man-
sion (curia), with the garden, was worth by the year — shillings.
Also rents of assize, 8s.; customary works, I8d. ; pleas and
perquisites of court, 12s. ; a dovehouse, 2s. ; one moiety of a
watermill, 6s. 8d. ; eight acres of arable 26s. 8d. each acre, 2s. ;
twenty acres of meadow 20s. each acre, 12s. ; also pasture in
different places, 2s. 8d. ; total, 73s. 6d.9 together with the right

(10). Duydale's Baronage, vol. i, p. 614, and see Fine Div. Cos., 9 Hen. Ill,
no. 42.

(11). Harl. MS., 4120, f. 4. His wife was probably Elizabeth, daughter
and coheiress of Sir William de Reigny (Pole's Devon, p. 324), by whom he
left a son.

The Horsey Family. 87

of presentation every other turn to the church of Charlton
Makerel worth 20s. The jury also found that he held the
manor of Horsey of the heirs of Patric de Chaworth by service
of half a knight's fee, that the " curia " with the curtilage was
worth 2s. ; rents of assize 74s. 6d. ; customary works 2s. ; pleas
and perquisites of court, 4s., including " capitagium garcioni "
(a peculiar and unusual manorial custom, probably a poll tax
on the u villeins : " see Ducange, sub capitagium) ; a mill, 6s. 8d. ;
122 acres of arable, 62s.; seven acres of meadow, 16s. 6d. ;
total value of Horsey, £11 12s. 6d. Besides the above he held
of Lord Simon de Montacute a tenement called Sydewere,
worth 25s. a year ; also one eighth part of a knight's fee in
Asolte (Asholt, Somerset,) of the heirs of Hugh de Neville,
belonging to the manor of Radewaye (Radeway Fitzpayn in
Cannington parish). Lastly, it was found that William de
Horsey was his son and heir, and aged 18. In consequence of
the son's minority, the crown had taken possession of lands
held by his father in addition to those already mentioned, but
they were claimed by the widow, Cristina, as her jointure, and,
on an enquiry held by the eschaetor, proof being adduced that
more than ten years before Cristina and her husband had been
jointly enfeoffed of lands in Stables Newton (in the parish of
West Newton ?) by Walter Fichet under the service of one
eighth part of a knight's fee and a rent of 5s. payable to James
de Gardino and suit twice a year at the court of John de
Erlegh of Migheles chirche (Michaelchurch), these lands were
restored to the widow.12 She married for her second husband
Sir Hugh Popham, probably a neighbour at Huntworth close
by, who left her a widow again in 1321, and sh£ died in 1330,
having made a will from which it appears that she retained
(which was not unusual in those times) the name and arms of
her first husband. The following is an ancient translation of it :
"I Cristian Horsey make my testament in the yeare of
our Lord God 1330 first I committ my soule to God and

(12). Esehaetor's Inquisitions, citra Trontam, series T, file 7.

88 Papers, §-c.

all saintes and my body to be buried in St. Francis
Church in Bridgwater. I give xis. for a trentall for my
soule. To my daughter Alexandria I give my best
ewer and basin. To Ralph Horsey I give a payre of
wheeles of a wayne and the plough withall. To Jeane
Stawey my whole wardropp. Executors, John son of
John Popham, John Stawey and John Horsey. Scale
3 horse heds in a scucheon."13

William (III) died in 1327. He held the estates of Charlton
and Horsey, and also that at Swindon which had descended to
him from his ancestor, William (II). His wife, Matilda, sur-
vived him, and, as her husband held his lands direct of the
king, she was subject to that wholesome feudal restraint which
checked the vagaries of widows, and her dower was condi-
tional on her engaging on oath (to be taken in the presence of
his son and heir if he chose to attend) that she would not
marry again without the king's consent.14 John (II), son and
heir of William (III), died in 1338 s.p., and was succeeded by
his brother Ralph de Horsey, who was one of the collectors of
subsidies for the county. He probably resided at Charlton, in
an ancient house, called Horsey Court, and he was the founder
of the chantry there, mentioned by Collinson, vol. ii, p. 193.
After him the name De Horsey seems to have been dropped.
His grandson, another John, was the first of the family who
allied himself to the county of Dorset by his marriage with
Elena, daughter and heiress of Philip Maubanc, the owner of
the manor of Clifton, near Sherborne, called after him Clifton
Maubanc. As we shall not have occasion to allude to Charlton
any more, it may be as well to note down for the benefit of
future inquirers, that on the death of Sir John Horsey of
Clifton, in 1588, it descended in moieties to his sisters, Mary
the wife of Richard Arnold, and Elizabeth the wife of Sir
William Mohun. The Arnold moiety came to Ann and Mary,

(13). Pole's MSS. Collections, Queen's College, Oxford, no. 151.
(14;. Close •Rolls, 1 Edw. Ill, raemb. 27.

The Horsey Family. 89

sisters and coheiresses of Hubert Arnold, who sold it in 1675
to James Samson, who, in 1709, purchased the Mohun moiety
of Charles Bodvile, Earl of Radnor. On his death in 1713, the
entirety, by his will, vested in his son James Samson, junr.15

By virtue of several settlements referred to in inquisitions
p.m., which it would be difficult and unprofitable to unravel in
detail, Clifton, as well as Horsey and Charlton, and some
other lands in Somerset, devolved, in 1422, on Henry Horsey,
son of Sir John Horsey, knt.,16 and after his death it was
found by inquisition that he died, 30 Henry VI, seised of
three hundred acres of land at Pegenasse (practically Horsey),
of half the manor of Charlton, and of the manor of Clifton
Maubanc, and that Thomas Horsey, his brother, was his heir.17

Thomas did not succeed to his inheritance without resistance,
for Henry in his lifetime, by deed poll, said to be dated 18th
February, 33 Henry VI (z.<?., three years after his death, ac-
cording to the inquisition) had settled his estates (subject to a
life interest to his wife Johanna) on himself and his issue, with
a limitation over to James Ormonde, Earl of Wilts, in case of
attempted alienation. As the document is rather an extra-
ordinary one, and is exemplified by the common seal of the
borough of Bridg water, I append an abstract of it from the
Close Roll (38 Henry VI, inemb. 10).

Deed poll (in English) under the hand and seal of Henry
Horsey, esq. Reciting that he had by deed bearing date the
last day save one of November, 33 Henry VI, enfeoffed John
Ormond, esq., Humphry Stafford, esq., Alexander Hody, esq.,
William Bronyng, esq., Henry Fylongby, esq., William Boke-
lond, esq., William Correwyn, esq., James Frampton and
William Billman, in and of his manors of Horsey and Charel-
ton Makerell with their appurtenances, with the advowson of
the church of Charlton Makerell and of all his lands in Horsey
and Charlton aforesaid, Pegenasse and elsewhere in the county

(15). MS. in my possession.

(16). Esch., 1 Hen. VI, no. 28.

(17). Esch., 1 Edw. IV, no. 25.

Vol. XL1II (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. m

90 Papers, §*c.

of Somerset, to hold to them and their heirs for ever. And re-
citing that he had by another deed dated 1st December, 33
Henry VI, enfeoffed the same persons in and of the manor of
Clyfton Maubanke, in the county of Dorset, with the advowson
of the church or free chapel of the same, to hold to them and
their heirs for ever, to the intent to perform thereof his will.
He declared his last will and full entent to be that his said
feoffees should make estate of all said manors, lands, advowsons,
&c., to James, Erie of Wilts, and to one other person to be
named by the said erle, to hold to them and their heirs for ever.
And that the said erle and other persons after the said estate
so made to them should give the manor of Horsey to him the
said Henry Horsey and Johan his wife and the heirs of his body
and all other the said manors, advowsons, &c., to the said
Henry Horsey and the heirs of his body upon this condition,
that if he the said Henry Horsey or any of his heirs should alien
the said manors, &c., or any of them to any person in fee simple,
fee tail, or term of life of any person save of his own in the
manor of Horsey it should be lawful for the said erle and other
persons or their heirs to re-enter into the said manors to hold to
them and their heirs to the use of the said erle and his heirs for
evermore, and this he declared to be his full will and intent of
the feoffment aforesaid. Dated 18th February, 33 Henry VI.

N.B. — The feoffments are also enrolled in Latin and releases
as well. Seal of the borough of Bridgwater affixed, Wit-
nesses (to one), Humphry Courteny, knt., Hugh Malet, esq.,
Robert Warre, esq., and others. (To another), William Poulet,
knt., John Sydenham, esq., Alex. Lynde, esq., and others.

The Earl of Wilts seems to have set up some claim under
this deed, but it was set aside probably on the ground that
Henry had no right to settle the estates. And Thomas
having recovered possession died seven years after, leaving an
infant son and heir John, who in due time married Elizabeth,
daughter and heiress of Richard Turges, of Melcombe, and so
acquired another large domain in Dorset, which soon became
known as Melcombe Horsey.

The Horsey Family. 91

We need not pursue the pedigree of the main line any
further, as it is set out in Hutchins and in the addenda to the
Dorset Visitation of 1623, but there was a branch (only
casually noticed by Hutchins) seated in the reign of Henry
VI near Bridport, which had acquired very considerable
property from another source.

In the reign of Henry IV or V a certain Henry Horsey
had married Alianor, one of the daughters of Thomas Bing-
ham and Mary, his wife, daughter of Sir Walter Romsey, knt.,
of Rockborne, Hants. By failure of his male issue his grand-
daughters, the above Alianor Horsey and her sister Joanna,
wife of Thomas Kelway, became coheiresses of the Romsey
estates, including one third of the ancient barony of Byset,
of which the overlordship of the manor of Clifton Maubanc
formed part; and it is a singular coincidence that at the time
now referred to, the mesne ownership of Clifton was held
by one branch of the Horsey family, and the overlordship
by another. Both sisters were married before 3 Henry V
(1416), as in that year they were parties to a deed wherein
they are described as Henry Horsey and Alianor his wife,
daughter and coheir, with Joanna, the wife of Thomas Kelway,
of Thomas Bingham and Mary his wife.18 Henry Horsey and
his wife, Alianor, were succeeded by their son and heir,
William Horsey, who died in 1448.

By the inquisition after his death19 it is found that he held
the manor of Bingham's Worth, the manors (i.e., the over-
lordship) of South Perrot and Clifton Maubanc, the manor
of Ode (Oakley in the parish of Chilthorne Domer), lands
at Otterhampton, Combwich and Pipplepen (in North Perrot),
one third of the manor of Mudford Terry, and land at Adber
(in Trent) ; and that Thomas his son, aged seven, was his heir.
All these estates had descended to him as his share of the
Romsey estates, except Bingham's Worth, which came from

(18). Historical Memorials of South Somerset, p. 44.
(19). Esch., 26 Hen, VI, no. 26,

92 Papers, %c.

Thomas Bingham, who was a member of that branch of the
Bingham family which held for many generations estates in
West Dorset, and was known as Bingham of Bingham Loders.20

William Horsey resided at Rockburn, and there his son
Thomas was born on the 8th February, 144f (19 Henry VI),
and baptized in the church there on the same day. On the
death of his father, in 1448, his estates (being held in chief)
were taken in wardship by the crown, and on his coming
of age it Avas necessary that he should prove the fact before
he was let into possession. According to the legal proce-
dure of that day, this was done by the production of wit-
nesses who could depose to the day of the birth before, a
jury empanelled by the eschaetor. It was a clumsy contriv-
ance, but the best that could be adopted in the absence of par-
ish registers, and it is interesting as giving us an insight into
medieval domestic life. In the case now before us, no less than
twelve witnesses vouched for the birth and baptism, each
witness explaining the grounds of his recollection. One recol-
lected it because on the same day he fell into a pit and broke his
arm ; another, because he carried a torch in the church on that
day ; another, because on that day he took a lease from William
Horsey, the father, of a farm in Rockburn for ninety-nine years;
another that whilst he was in the church he heard that Maud the
wife of Nicholas Ormonde had brought forth a son, whose
name was William ; another, that he was in church with the
suite of William Horsey, and before he went from his presence
he bought a mare three years old from one John Besteryle, the
farmer of the demesne lands of Rockburn ; and the last remem-
bered the day because there was a high wind which blew down
a " beche " tree.

Thomas Horsey resided at Bingham's Worth, and settled it as
a jointure on his wife Ann, a daughter of John Wykes or
Wyk of Bindon, near Axmouth. This appears by a charter
dated at Bynedon, 3rd Edward IV, whereby Thomas Horsey

(20). Cal. Pat. Rolls, 8 Edw. I, m. Wd (44).

The Horsey Family. 93

grants to John Wyk, Walter Cheverill, and John Scovyll,
rector of Charborough, his manor of " Byngham ys Othe,"21
to hold in fee, yearly rendering one rose. The witnesses are
John Newburgh, William Browning, John Russell, William
Frampton, William Oliver, Thomas Porter, and others, and it
is indorsed " Junctura Anne Horsey."

By another deed, dated 20th July, 1 Richard III, the above
John Wyk and John Scovyll (who had survived William
Cheverell) granted a lease of Bingham's Worth to Humphry
Baskervisle, esq., for his life, with remainder to " John Horsey,
son and heir of Thomas Horsey," in fee. Witnesses, William
Mountague, John Pokeswell, Henry Hyde and others.22

The mention of John Horsey as son and heir of Thomas
is very puzzling, for Thomas died in or before 1477, and by
the inq. p.m. (17 Edward IV, No. 46) his heir was his son
William Horsey, an infant only four weeks old. He in-
herited an estate of 200 acres at Saltford near Bath (part of
the Barony of Byset) and four messuages and 160 acres of land
in Chilthorne Domer (held of the Honor of Gloucester), and
also the manors of Okley Hill, New Hill (in Chilthorne), and
Littleton (held of the Earl of Sarum). According to the
Dorset and Wilts Visitation of 1565,23 Thomas, his father,
resided at Bridport (Bur port), about three miles from Bing-
ham's Worth, and there we may presume he was buried. In
Harl. MS. Ill there is a note of an inscription (taken no
doubt from a memorial in the church where he was buried),
" Orate pro anima Thomas Horsey filii et heredis Wifti Horsey
qui obiit 1477." Bingham's Worth is not mentioned in the
inquisition, but it must have continued in the Horsey family
for many years, as in a conveyance in 1636, it is stated to
have been "heretofore the inheritance of Thomas Horsey of
Damerham, Wilts, esq., and Bartholemew Horsey, his father.24

(21). Old English for "Bingham's Worth." Worth, in Anglo-Saxon,
means an inclosure or homestead.
(22). Charters in my possession.
(23). Harl. MS. 888, p. 44.
(24). Harl. MS. 888, p. 44.

atfjelnep

BY THE LATE REV. THOMAS HUGO, F.S.A.

[Hugo, Thomas (1820-1876), the Bewick collector, eldest son of Charles Hugo,
M,D., was born at Taunton in 1820. B.A., Wore. Coll., Oxon., 1842;
rector of West Hackney from 1868 to his death; F.S.A., 1853. His special
province in literature was as historian of religious houses in the West of
England, the original sources for whose history he was the first to study
thoroughly. He was also the writer of several dramas, but he was best
known for his extensive collection of the works of the brothers Bewick of
Newcastle, which included many of the original wood-blocks. His three
works 1866, 1868, and 1870, on the wood-cuts and wood-blocks of T. and
J. Bewick are exhaustive on all points. As a musician he was a facile
writer, and contributed several pieces to Hymns Ancient and Modern.
He died after a short illness at West Hackney Rectory, on 3 1st December,
1876, and was buried in Highgate cemetery on 6th January, 1877, aged
only 56. — Abridged from The Dictionary of National Biography.]

IN the midst of the enormous level through which some of
the principal rivers of Somersetshire find their way to
the sea, is a small and slightly-elevated point of rising ground,
whose claims to notice, for historical interest and for physical
character, would seem at a first inspection to be pretty equally
balanced. The traveller, indeed, would be almost certain to
pass it without remark, unless he had a companion to whom the
place was known, or if his eye failed to detect, as it might
easily do, a small white obelisk which crowns the summit, and
tends, if nothing more, to excite his curiosity. Eminence and
obelisk, however, have little in themselves to attract attention,
even amid that monotonous plain above which they scarcely
appear to rise. And yet there is hardly a place in England
whose name is more famous, or the history of which during one

* British Museum Additional MS., 30,288, ff. 9-S3,

Athelney Abbey. 95

brief moment is more affectionately remembered. Its subse-
quent annals, indeed, are all but forgotten — a result in some
measure to be accounted for from the fact that the account of
them has to be obtained for the most part from sources which
few are found to explore, and from which most are repelled by
the strangeness of the features with which they are accom-
panied. That history, however, although it relates to a re-
ligious house in a retired situation and of small revenues, is a
singularly instructive one. Commencing as it does just a
thousand years ago, the changes which have befallen such
establishments, nearly from the time of their first introduction
into this country to the final catastrophe, are here conspicuously
represented. Added to this, almost every department of con-
ventual life, whether usual or otherwise, is successively and in
detail brought before us. And the pleasure is great, that so
much can even now be recovered in connection with a spot so
apparently destitute of human interest, whose end so falsifies
and misrepresents its beginning, and whose present so negatives
and belies its past.

The isle of Athelney is situated on the north side of Stan-
moor, in the parish of East Lyng, and is about four miles south-
west from the town of Bridgwater. It lies on the north bank
of the Tone, about one mile above the confluence of that river
with the Parret, on the outside therefore, and not, as frequently
supposed, between those streams. It consists of an island of
two low eminences, divided by a shallow depression which is,
nevertheless, some feet above the vast level that stretches on
every side around. The island is composed of red marl, and is
twenty-four acres in extent, eleven-and-a-half acres being the
complement of the eastern and slightly higher eminence, which
was occupied by the Monastery, and twelve-and-a-half acres
that of its fellow. It is still not unfrequently an island in fact
as well as in name, although furnished with a high embank-
ment between it and the river, and has to be reached in boats
during the months of usual winters. On the eastern eminence

96 Papers, $c.

is a pleasant farmhouse, erected about eighty years ago, gener-
ally backed by a goodly group of hayricks and wheat-mows,
and above it the obelisk already referred to. The river is
crossed by a bridge of wood, similar to many that still adorn
the picturesque river which flows beneath. But the eye looks
in vain for any indications of the ancient glories of the place.
Luxuriant crops wave on the gently swelling eminence, but of
the graceful structure which once crowned and glorified it not
one stone remains in situ to make us conscious of the treasure
which we have lost.

To the lover of our older history there is scarcely a spot
that can call up recollections more full of interest than that
about which these pages are to discourse. That interest, how-
ever, as I said, has hitherto been for the most part associated
with one single actor and with one single age. It is as the
scene of the retreat of the noble Saxon king, the truly great
Alfred, that most men are conscious of a reverential regard
for the humble isle of Athelney. Its after fortunes are little
known. It was far removed from the busy world, and was
the home of a community with which the chroniclers of battles
and sieges and the rise and fall of kingdoms had very little
to do. It has been said by men well qualified to pronounce a
judgment on the subject that " of the history of that com-
munity from the end of the eleventh century to the dissolution
less is known than that of almost any other."2 I am about to
endeavour to supply in some measure that deficiency, at least
so far as a long and careful search into records of every des-
cription both in MS. and print will enable me to do so. And
I think I can promise my reader that not much will remain
for him to collect when he shall have mastered what shall
now be presented to him.

Athelney Abbey owed its foundation to the piety of King
Alfred the Great. All the more ancient chroniclers unite in

(2). Dugdale's Mon. ii, 403.

Athelney Abbey. 97

attributing to him the honour of the work.3 It was done in
performance of a solemn vow, as a thank-offering both for the
security which he had enjoyed amid the impassable morasses
by which the place was on every side surrounded, and for the
good success which had crowned his efforts, when, released at
length from his involuntary retirement, he had placed himself
at the head of his re-assembled forces, and had become in his
turn the master of the field. He had been forced to fly from
a vastly superior force, and had betaken himself for safety to
a region whither few would be found to follow him. He
found shelter, according to the Register of the Abbey, in a
small cottage belonging to St. Athelwine, son of King Kyne-
gilsus, who had been a hermit here.4 It appears that he soon
made some attempts to increase by art what had been effected
for the place by nature. The Saxon Chronicle, under the
year 878, tells us that at Easter, which fell on the 23rd March,
the king with a small band constructed a fortress at Ethelinga-
eigge, and that from this fortress, with the men of that part
of Somerset, from time to time they fought against the army.
This statement is repeated by Asser, Simeon of Durham,
Aethelweard, Florence of Worcester, Geoffrey Gaimar, John
Wallingford, Henry of Huntingdon, and others. Ingulphus
adds that after his successes over the Danes he turned this
fortress into the monastery.5 Asser, whose account is most
valuable from his having visited the place as chaplain to the
royal founder, describes the place as surrounded by a vast
extent of impassable morasses and water, adding that no
visitor could reach it except by boat, or by a bridge, which,
I presume, owed its construction to Alfred himself; and the
fort as excellently constructed — "arx munitissima pulcherrima
operatione consita est" — and as attached to a bridge which

(3). MS. Harl. 261, ff. 276, 1046, al. 1076. MS. Cott. Nero D. ii, f. 80
0.1. 86. Asser, Simeon Dunelm., Flor. Wigorn., Will. Malmesbury, John
Glaston., i, 112. Leland Coll., ii, 218. Ibid, i, 26, 43 78.

(4). Regist. Abb. Atheln., Collinson i. 86. Leland Itin. iv, pt. ii, p. 135.

(5). Ingulphus sub aim. 872.

Vol. XLIII (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. n

98 Papers, $c.

connected the island with the opposite bank of the neighbouring
river, and had another tower at its eastern extremity.6

It is said that the place derived its name of ./Etheiinga-eigge,
or, as the chronicles translate it, " Clitonum " or " nobilium
insula," the isle of nobles, from the temporary habitation of
the sovereign and the constant resort of his nobility during
that period. It soon changed into Athelinganye, Ethelingey,
Aliennia. Adelingen, Athelygneye, etc., until, long before the
Dissolution, it had taken the form which it still assumes.

The main reason of Alfred's selection of the place, was,
according to the legend, a vision of Saint Cuthbert which had
been granted to him during his retreat amidst its solitudes.
He had at that time little prospect of success against his own
and his country's enemies, and his Somersetshire fastness was
likely to become the scene of a life-long banishment. It was
then that the sainted Bishop of Lindisfarne is related to have
visited him. He was sleeping for sorrow, as the chroniclei
relates, and his attendants were gone to fish in the neigh-
bouring river. Cuthbert declared to him that he was sent
from Heaven to assure him of an early restoration to his throne.
The saint added that his words should be verified by the
return of his servants laden with fish, whereas there had been
only too great a probability that, as the river was entirely
frozen over, they would have returned as empty as they went.
He ended by exhorting him to put his trust in God, and to
accept the words that he had heard as proceeding from God's
messenger. The same vision was granted to the king's mother,
then also at Athelney, and while they were communicating
to each other what they had thus supernaturally learned, the
servants entered with the promised supplies. On this the
king is said to have solemnly vowed that the scene of so
gracious an interposition should be the site of a house which
should for ever keep the blessing in remembrance.7

(6). Asser, ed. Camden, p. 18.

(7). Will. Malmesbury, ed. Savile, p. 43.

;

Athelney Abbey. 99

The place was indeed naturally endeared to the mind of the
pious and grateful king, and we are told that he used to relate
in happier days, and to favoured companions, not only the
privations which he had endured, but the many blessings which
he had here enjoyed.8 It was the scene not only of that
solemn vision to which I have just referred,9 but of the visit of
the beggar to whom he gave a part of his last loaf, and was
soon afterwards rewarded by an abundance of provisions, and
of the homely adventure with the cowherd's wife, when, as she
remarked, although he was quite ready to do good service in
eating the cakes, he took no care to prevent them from burn-
ing.10 It was during his retreat also, amid the seclusion of this
unknown spot, that he prepared himself for his visit to the
enemy's camp in the disguise of a harper, and thus gained a
knowledge of their numbers and position.11 And it is alleged
that he entertained so profound an impression of all that he had
here undergone, and so high an opinion of the character of
Denewulf, the swineherd, upon whose hospitality and fidelity
he had been dependant on his first arrival at Athelney, that
he ever regarded the scene of the former with peculiar interest
and subsequently raised the latter even to the episcopal throne
of Winchester. We can hardly wonder that the locality of so
many and touching events was possessed of a solemn charm and
fascination of its own for one whose heart was so sensitive, so
tender, and so true.

A question, however, is raised by Reyner whether the
monastery was actually founded by King Alfred, or so enlarged
and endowed by him that he deserves to be called its founder.
He inclines to the opinion, with which Spelman agrees, that it
had a greater antiquity than that usually assigned to it, because
in the first place the abbey was dedicated to St. Egelwine, the
brother of King Kenewalh, who reigned before the death of

(8.) Will. Malmesbury, ii, p. 121.

(9). Asset.

(10). Asset, p. 9. John Wallingfotd, p. 537.

(11). Ingulphus, p. 869. Will, Malmesbuty, ii, p. 121.

100 Paper 's, §*c.

Archbishop Paulinus, and secondly, because the charter of
endowment which Alfred granted to the monastery, insinuated
that he enlarged rather than founded the House — "non funda-
tionem sed amplificaem monasterii insinuat."12

He admits, however, that Asser describes the monastery as
recently founded, and honestly adds that he quotes him the
more willingly from the fact that the assertion had come with
the authority of an eyewitness, as Asser is well known to have
been. And he proceeds to explain a few of the verbal diffi-
culties in the description of the plan of that writer, to which I
shall presently call the reader's attention.

The charter which Reyner quotes is dated A.D. 852. This
he altered to 878, but incorrectly. The date of the foundation,
as furnished by some of the best of the ancient authorities, is
A.D. 888.13

The house was founded for monks of the Order of St. Bene-
dict, and was dedicated to our Blessed Saviour, St. Peter, St.
Paul, and St. Athelwine. Bishop Tanner [ Turner MS.] is in
error when he says that "no mention is made in the surrender,
nor anywhere but in Malmesbury, of their patron St. Egelwine."
Nor have the last editors of the Monasticon helped us to the en-
tire truth when they add that "in a recognition, however, of the
middle of the fifteenth century this monastery is spoken of as
dedicated to St. Saviour, St. Peter, St. Paul, and St. Athelwine."

The fact is, as we shall see as we proceed, that in a number
of documents of the thirteenth and two following centuries, the
name of St. Athelwine is given as that of one of the saints to
whom the house was dedicated.

The original structure appears to have been worthy alike of
the royal founder and of the sacred use for which it was erected.
Simeon of Durham speaks of it in one place as " Monasterium
praepulchrum," and in another as " monasterium nobile."1

(12). Reyner de Antiq. Benedictor. in Angl., ii, sec. 6, pp. 132, 133, 134.
(13). MS. Cott. Nero D. ii, ff. 80 al. 86. MS. Harl. 261, if. 1046 al
(14). Scriptores X, Twisdeu, cols. 132, 150.

Athelney Abbey. 101

Ethelred, abbot of Bievaulx, calls it " nobilissimum,"15 and
Bromton, " f amosum."16 In the face of these authorities, and
especially of one whom I am about to cite, it is scarcely
warrantable in Sir John Spelman to assert that " it was a work
greater in the devotion from whence it proceeded than in the
magnificence of the structure."17 It was in fact an example of
a style hitherto unknown in England. The founder employed
skilful workmen from abroad, and his countrymen saw with
surprise and delight the edifices that resulted from their labours.
The house of Athelney, we may be well assured, was no ex-
ception to the general rule. Besides the authorities quoted
above, we have the account of one who, it would seem, had
himself visited the place and recorded his impressions of the
interesting scene. I have already stated that a strong fortress
had been erected soon after Alfred's arrival. This was on the
western bank of the Tone, and communicated with a bridge
over the river. The monastery must have been closely con-
tiguous to, if not on the site of, the fortress. It was small, but
of ornamental character, and the style of its church was suffi-
ciently singular to induce the monk of Malmesbury, who wrote
in the twelfth century, to enter somewhat minutely into its
peculiarities. He says that the building had to be accommo-
dated to the limited space that was at command, and was con-
sequently but of moderate size. The mode of construction,
however, was new. Four piers were sunk in the ground,
springing from which were four circular arches which supported
bhe edifice. Each of these four sides terminated in an apsidal
chancel or chapel.18 It would seem that Alfred's builders
Lerived the idea of their work from the late Roman buildings
to which they were accustomed, and it was assuredly an
approach to the style which the Norman conquerors afterwards
made common, and which in our architectural nomenclature is

(15). Twisden, col. 355.

(16). Ibid., col. 812.

(17). Life of Alfred, ed. Hearne, p. 165.

(18). Will. Malmesbury, ed. Savile, p. 255.

102 Papers, fyc.

called after their name. We are informed by the authorities
already referred to that Alfred endowed his monastery with
possessions of considerable value. The register of the abbey
sets forth that he gave to his foundation "the whole isle of
Athelney, exempt from taxes and other burdens, with common
pasture, and free ingress and egress in Stathmoor, Saltmoor,
Haymore and Currymoor, and all other moors within his manor
of North Curry.19 In addition to this, as we gather from
another charter of which but a few late transcripts have been
preserved, he gave ten cassates of land in Sudtun (Sutton)
with their appurtenances, all meadows, pastures, rivulets, and
other appurtenances. As this charter is not without interest,
as an example of an instrument of this early period, a literal
translation will be acceptable :—

" Whilst our Lord Jesus Christ reigneth for ever, all the
kingdoms of this wavering life and the rulers of the kingdoms
from the beginning of this worthless age fail and quickly pass
away. Therefore to fugitive and mortal things eternal joys
are to be preferred. On which account, I, Alfred, by the
divine mercy ordaining, King of the West Saxons, for the
relief of my soul and the forgiveness of my sins, have given
with a willing mind a certain small piece of ground of ten
cassates in extent, in a place called Sudtun, by the isle of
nobles, which in the English tongue is usually called ^Ethlin-
gaig, for the supply of their monastic life, to the monks there
under the exercise of their rule, devoutly serving Almighty
God; and this liberty I have with devout mind given to the
aforesaid monastery with meadows, pastures, rivulets, and all
things rightly thereunto appertaining to continue for ever free
from all royal tribute and compulsory works and penal causes,
save and except military service against an invader, and the
erection and repair of forts and bridges. Whosoever shall be
willing to increase this gift, on him may Grod increase His
blessings in the land of the living. But if any (which Grod

(19). Regist. Abb. Atheln., Collinson i, 86.

Athelney Abbey. 103

forbid), puffed up with pride and enticed by the ability of
acting tyrannically, shall endeavour to infringe this and to make
it of none effect, let him know that he is accursed from all
the Church of Christian men, and that he shall have to tender
an account in the day of judgment before Christ and His
angels, unless he shall before have made amends. The afore-
said land, even the gift of this ground, is enclosed by these
boundaries, Arnstore and Lceroc, etc.

This bill of the present gift is written in the 852nd year from
the Incarnation of Christ, in the fourth indiction, these
witnesses agreeing whose names appear."20 Then follow the
names of Alfred, Ealhf end, Eandulf, Cuthred, Vulfric, Elfestan,
Epeheah, Mired, Mansel, Vulfric and Anulf. I fear that the
present form of this charter, especially as regards the names of
places and persons, is sadly full of errors. The original has
long been lost, and, as I have already stated, the only copies of
it that we possess are transcripts written many centuries later,
and apparently the work of scribes who had a very imperfect
knowledge of the document on which they were employed. Its
genuineness may be suspected, as the indiction is erroneous,
although Mr. Hardy has well shown that such a mistake is not
absolutely conclusive against the claims of the instrument in
which it occurs.

For the early history of the community at Athelney we
have a most trustworthy authority in Asser, the king's chaplain
and Bishop of Sherborne. He had himself visited the place,
and his account is singularly complete and interesting. The
irst head of the new institution was a celebrated German
monk, whom Alfred had invited to his kingdom in order to
conduct the discipline and studies of the sacred schools which he
intended to establish. This was John, surnarned Scotus, the
old Saxon, and it is probable that he came from the monastery
of Corbey. All the authorities unite in attributing to this
eminent person the highest possible qualities. Alfred himself

(20). MS. Lansd. 447, ff. 58, 586. Cod. Dipl. cccix, vol. ii, pp. 105, 106.

104 Papers, fyc.

makes honourable mention of him as his mass-priest in the right
noble preface to his translation of Gregory's "Pastoral."
Asser calls him " acerrimi ingenii virum," and says that he was
most learned in all kinds of literature and science. Ingulphus
praises him as " acerrimi ingenii philosophum." Indeed, it
would appear that nothing less than the presence of the highest
attainments both moral and intellectual was sufficient for the
requirement. It should be remembered that the institution of
monachism was at that time in little favour with the great body
of the people. With their successes over the Danes, wealth
had produced luxury, and luxury was instinctively opposed to
the religion of the cloister. Even before the time of Alfred
the love of monastic institutions had begun to wax cold. The
good king, however, had long felt that it was in such establish-
ments that religion and learning could be most successfully
encouraged, and in this opinion he was warmly supported by
the man whom he placed over his new monastery at Athelney.
With a small body of foreign monks, mostly Franks, he settled
down to his life of devoted service in the midst of a wilderness,
at first resorted to only for the protection which its seclusion
could impart, and to which, for long afterwards, no one would
have been attracted by any motive save those of separation
from the world, and of devotion to a religious and literary life.

The number of foreign ecclesiastics, both priests and deacons,
who had been placed under Abbot John, was not sufficient for
his ardent wishes, and before long he had assembled a large
body of monks, principally from Germany. Together with
them were a number of "infantes," youths of tender age, as
Reyner explains the word, also foreigners, who were destined
afterwards for the monastic habit ; and among them Asser tells
us that he saw a child of pagan race — a Dane, as Reyner sug-
gests— who was by no means inferior to his companions.

For some time all went well. A cloud, however, was
coming over the scene, and that from a quarter from which no
danger was apprehended. It was nothing less than a most

Athelney Abbey. 105

atrocious attempt on the life of the good abbot himself on the
part of two of his monks. Asser gives us the particulars, re-
lated in considerable detail from the testimony of witnesses,
and it is difficult to imagine a more shameless endeavour to
neutralize the good work which had been so auspiciously
begun. I would willingly, with the historian, agree to bury
this evil deed in oblivion, did not truth insist on its mention,
and did I not remember, with him, that good and evil, like
wheat and tares, are permitted to grow together, the former
for praise and sequence, the latter for blame and distant
avoidance.

It appears that two of the monks, out of envy towards their
superior, had seriously conspired with as many of the younger
servants to murder him. The plan adopted was worthy of its
framers. It was the abbot's custom to spend a part of the
night in prayer before the altar, and the assassins determined
to enlist the sacred scene and occasion in their unhallowed
project. While he was upon his knees they designed that those
already hidden in the church should fall on him and murder
him, and then drag his lifeless body to the door of a house of
evil repute, as though he had met his death in visiting that
place ; thus, as Asser remarks, " adding crime to crime, as it
is said 'the last error shall be worse than the first.' "

A good providence defeated this shameless scheme. The
armed assassins were shut into the church and silently waited
for their unconscious victim, who came as usual to his mid-
night prayers. As he was kneeling before the altar the
miscreants rushed out upon him and gave him some severe
wounds. But they had slightly mistaken the man with whom
they had to deal. Abbot John was not only a learned and
saintly scholar, but no contemptible specimen of the " mus-
cular Christianity " of his age. If he had not been a good
priest, he would have been an excellent soldier. He was well
skilled in the noble art defensive, and could take his own part
when there was fit occasion. So, the moment he heard the

Vol. XLIII (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. o

106 Papers, J-c.

sound of his enemies, before he got sight of them, he rose
quickly from his knees and prepared to defend himself. At
the same time he called out loudly for assistance, and declared
that his assassins were demons rather than men, for that such
an attempt was beyond the scope of human turpitude. His
cries awoke the monks, who, though greatly alarmed, and
especially at the attribution of the attack to supernatural
agency, rushed to the church, not, however, before the enemy
had made a precipitate retreat to the neighbouring marshes,
where pursuit was impossible. The abbot was found half
dead, and was carried home amid the lamentations of his
brethren, including those, it is added, who were the authors of
the plot. The contrivers and their agents, however, were
soon discovered, and met the punishment that their crime
deserved.

We must now pass to the year 1009. Abbot ^Elfric, a
name which has not hitherto found a place in the list of
superiors, then governed the monastery, and King xEthelred
II gave to him and his holy brethren a certain small piece of
land, by estimation three perches in extent, situated at Hamme.
The gift was as usual, subject to the "trinoda necessitas,"
which, as we have noticed in the case of the charter of Alfred,
comprised the service of aiding the king against an invader,
the maintenance of fortifications, and the building and repair
of bridges. The house at this time was evidently small, as the
king uses in his charter the diminutive form "monasteriolum,"
and it is spoken of as dedicated to St. Peter without the addi-
tion of any other patron. JElfheah, Archbishop of Canter-
bury, and Wulfstan, Archbishop of York, are among the
witnesses to this instrument.21

Collinson says that Alfward occurs as abbot in the same
year as the date of this gift, and that Simon succeeded him.
It appears that he obtained his information from the register

(21). "Cod. Dipl., n. incccvi, vol. vi, pp. 163, 164. Middle Hill MS., n.
4810, f. 91.

Athelney Abbey. 107

of the abbey, or from some transcript of that MS. The same
writer gives us the 'name of Athelward as abbot in the year
1016.22

It may be presumed that .ZEthelwin succeeded, and that
under his government the community was well known and
much revered, for I find that King Cnut, who according to
most writers began his reign in 1017, gave them for their
prayers in behalf of his soul, land to the extent of two mansas,
or one perch, in a place commonly called Seofenempton. The
brotherhood is honourably mentioned in his charter as "famo-
sissima familia," and the house as a holy and most celebrated
place — " in illo sancto et celeberrimo loco qui ^Ethelinganye
nuncupatur." ^Ethelwold, Archbishop of Canterbury, was
present and attested this donation.23

The next notice which we possess is a very valuable one,
and combined with a particularity of detail which places its
object in the clearest light. It is the official return of the
possessions of the abbey, contained in the Exchequer and
Exon. Domesday. Unfortunately the name of the then abbot
is not given, but the possessions of the house are enumerated
in a manner that leaves little to be desired.

At the period of the compilation of this invaluable record,
which was between the years 1083-1086, the property be-
longing to the abbey, in the county of Somerset, consisted of
the following. I have taken the Exchequer record for the
particulars of the lands, and have added the enumeration of
the live stock from the Exon. Domesday.

1. Atiltone (Ilton). — In the time of King Edward it paid geld

r eight hides. The arable land is reckoned at twelve caru-
cates. In the demesne are four hides and there three carucates,
ten villeins, six bordarii, with four ploughs, four servi, two
horses, six beasts, ten pigs, forty sheep, a mill, the rent of which

(22). History of Somerset, vol. i, p. 87.

(23). Cod. Diplom. mcccxxiv, vol. vi, pp. 187, 188, 189. Midd. Hill MS.,
n. 4810, f. 75.

108 Papers, Sfc.

was 7s. 6d. ; meadow, forty acres; pasture, thirty acres; wood,
a mile in length and in breadth; annual v'alue, one hundred
shillings. Of these eight hides the Earl of Moretaine holds
two, of which the arable land is four carucates, and the annual
value thirty shillings. These in the time of King Edward the
Confessor were held by the Abbey.

2. Sutune (Long Sutton), — In the time of the Confessor it
paid geld for ten hides. Arable land sixteen carucates ; in the
demesne, four hides, and there two carucates, four servi, eight
villeins, six bordarii, with six ploughs ; six beasts, fifteen pigs,
one hundred and two sheep; meadow, forty acres ; pasture, one
hundred acres; annual value to the abbey, £8. Roger Brito is
stated to hold half a hide of the land, with one plough, and
Koger de Corcel two hides, against the abbot's will. Two
thanes held them of the Church in King Edward's time. The
arable land is two carucates; meadow, six acres; value, fifty
shillings.

3. Seovenamentone (Seavington St. Mary). — It paid geld for
two hides in the time of the Confessor : the arable land
amounted to two carucates. There are in the demesne one
hide, and there one carucate, seven villeins, three bordarii, and
two servi ; one horse, nine pigs, forty sheep, meadow, six acres ;
annual value, thirty shillings.

4. Hame (in Bridgwater). — In the time of the Confessor it
gelded for one hide. Arable land, four carucates ; in the de-
mesne, half a hide, and there one carucate, four servi, one
villein, seven bordarii with one carucate, two beasts ; meadow,
fifteen acres ; small wood, three acres ; annual value, thirty
shillings.

5. Lege (East-Lyng). — It consisted of one hide, which paid
no geld in the time of the Confessor. In the demesne half a
hide, and there two carucates, six servi, three villeins, four
bordarii, with two ploughs; one horse, two beasts, ten pigs,
and thirty sheep ; meadow, twelve acres ; wood, fifty acres ;
annual value, forty shillings.

Athelney Abbey. 109

It is further stated that Earl Moriton holds two hides
belonging to the abbey, in Aisselle, that Roger de Corcelle
holds two hides of the manor of Sutone, and that Ralf de Limesi
holds, as it would seem, illegally, one hide, which belonged to
the abbey in Bosintone. These lands, it is added, could not be
separated from the church.24

In Dorsetshire the Abbey possessed the manor of C and el.
In the time of King Edward it paid geld for four hides, one
virgate and a half. At the period of the survey the arable land
is stated as four carucates, whereof in the demesne were four
hides, and there one carucate, two villeins, fourteen bordarii,
with two ploughs, meadow, fourteen acres; wood, three fur-
longs in length and two in breadth. Of this land Aluredus
Pincerna is said to hold the one remaining virgate and a half.
The value of the whole was 67s. 6d., whereof the abbot's
portion was 60s.25 The record supplies us with the particulars
connected with the acquisition of the just mentioned manor of
Candle, or Purse Candel, in the hundred of Sherburn, and
county of Dorset. It appears that in the time of the Confessor
the Abbey had the manor of Bisobestone, or Biscopestone,
which then paid geld for nine hides. The Earl of Moretaine
gave the monks in exchange for this manor that of Candel,
and on the former erected his castle of Montagut, or Montagud.
In the account of this transaction, supplied by the Exon
Domesday, the abbey is called Aliennia : the Exchequer
Domesday reads, as usual, Adelingi.26

It will be seen from the preceding enumeration that in the
eleventh century the possessions of the abbey amounted to
twenty-six hides, one virgate and a half. The arable land is
estimated at thirty-six carucates. The former of these de-
nominations was common amongst Saxons, the latter was of
Norman origin. The hide has been described as a measure

(24). Domesday i, p. 91. Exon. Domesday, pp. 175, 176, 408, 479, 488.

(25). Domesday i, f. 786. Exon. Domesday, p. 38.

(26). Exon. Domesday, pp. 260, 261. Domesday i, f. 93.

110 Papers, §*c.

of land, " sufficient to the cultivation of one plough " — " hida
Angliae vocatur terra unius aratri culturas sufficiens." Its
exact quantity was never determined, but, as Selden remarks,
was at all times uncertain. The carucate was the Norman
equivalent to which the Saxon measure was reduced at the
formation of the Conqueror's Survey. It was as much arable
as could be cultivated every year with one plough and the
beasts belonging to it, and has been variously estimated from
sixty to one hundred and fifty acres.27 The annual value as
then calculated amounted to the sum of £21 7s. 6d. For the
earlier half of the twelfth century we have an interesting pic-
ture of the place and the community from the graphic pen of
the Malmesbury monk. The historian himself was a native
of Somersetshire, and, from the minuteness with which he
describes the house and its inmates, we may be tolerably sure
that he had visited the one and was personally intimate with
the other. He says that Adelingea is not an island of the
sea, but is so inaccessible, from marshes and morasses, that a
boat is necessary for approaching it. He adds that there is
on the island a large grove of alders, abounding with stags
and fallow deer, and many other animals of the same kind.
The solid ground, he says, was barely two acres in extent and
on it was the monastery constructed. His account of the
church I have already given. He describes the brethren as
few in number and poor, but as consoled and compensated for
their poverty by their love of that quiet and solitude which
they so highly valued, and could here so perfectly and unin-
terruptedly enjoy. Their time was spent in sacred duties, in
reciting the praises of their patron St. Egelwine, and in
appreciation of his holy life. That saint was brother of the
West-Saxon king, Kenewalh, but was not more renowned for
noble birth than for grandeur of character and prompt ad-

(27). The meadow land is given as one hundred and thirteen acres, the
pasture as one hundred and thirty acres, besides the woodland, which, as the
reader will have remarked, was of considerable extent : the property could
hardly have been of less extent than four thousand acres.

Athelney Abbey. Ill

vocacy of all who sought his aid.28 Benedict was abbat of
Athelney at the period of which this is a description. There
is a very curious and interesting document preserved in the
Beauchamp cartulary, which he and his convent made in
favour of Robert de Beauchamp, — so curious as to deserve a
literal translation.

" The charter between Master Robert de Beauchamp and
the Abbat and Convent of Athelingaye.

" Benedict by the grace of God Abbat of Athelingnye and
also the convent of the same church to all men both their
friends and neighbours, French and English, as well
present as future, health. Be it known unto all those
who now are and unto those who are about to come, that
we with common assent have granted to Robert de Beau-
champ and his heirs in fee and heirship all that land
which is called Frogenemera, so that nevertheless the said
Robert shall give every year one mark of silver to us and
our church, and shall acquit that land for half a hide in
the common county assizes. Also to the same Robert,
and his ancestors and his heirs, we grant the benefit and
fraternity of our church in our common chapter. This
grant the aforesaid Robert has strengthened by joining
right hands with the Abbat, and to the aforesaid church
he has promised that he will in all things be faithfully
attentive, and that he will go to the pleas and business of
our church whenever he shall be called ; as the friend and
faithful brother of the same. And for this grant the afore-
said Robert de Beauchamp has given to Abbat Benedict
of his recognizances half a marc of silver, and to the
convent he- has given two sextarii of honey. Witnesses,
Robert, Bp. of Bath, and Hugh de Turnai, archdeacon,
and Robert, archdeacon, and Ivo Dean of Wells, and
Reginald Chanter, and Richard de Soc, writer, and Ralph,
Prior of Athelney, and Arnold, monk, and Richard de
(28). Will. Malmesbury de gest. Pont. Angl., ed. Savile, p. 255.

112 Papers., fyc.

Raddona, and Richard de Montacute, and Simon de Cant,
William Fitzodbert and Richard his son, and Roger
Fitzovert and Robert his son, Ralph, clerk of Cinnoc,

Edward de Soc, and Richard — — , Geoffrey clerk of ,

John Clerk, Simon Clerk, Niger, brother of the Abbat,
Roger de Westle, John de Stubbs (?), and many others.
Farewell."29

We have here, it would appear, an example of what in after-
times was still more common, the endeavour to retain the good
offices and friendly aid of a powerful layman of the neighbour-
hood on those many occasions when a body of ecclesiastics
would otherwise be obliged to resort to legal measures for the
protection of their rights and possessions, and not always with
that amount of success which the mere justice of their claims
would deserve. The same Abbat Benedict is one of a number
of witnesses who attested the institution of Hywis, or Huish,
as a perpetual prebend in the church of St. Andrew of Wells.
Robert was at this time Bishop of Bath, and the instrument
was dated the 4th of November, 1159.30 A more particular
account of the transaction will be found in my History oJ
Taunton Priory, the Prior of which was also a witness on this
occasion.

It may be presumed that Benedict was succeeded by Abbal
Roger. His name does not occur in any list previously
given, but I find him as a witness to a charter of James d<
Montsorell, setting forth the gift of the church of Withlac-
hinton ( Whitelakington) to the church of St. Andrew of Wells,
and to Reginald Bishop of Bath.31 Reginald governed the
see from the year 1174-1192, to a period between which dates
our abbat is to be assigned.

Another Benedict succeeded in or before the year 1198.
For about that time Savaricus, Bishop of Bath and Glaston-

(29). Beauchamp Cartulary, pp. 8, 9.

(30). MS. Harl. 6968, pp. 24, 25. Archer from Reg. Will., vol. i, f. 26.

(31). MS. Harl. 6968, p. 43.

Athelney Abbey. 113

bury, made a proposal to the abbats of Athelney and Ciren-
cester that they should agree to the elevation of their churches,
the former of Sutton and the latter of Meleburne into prebends
of the cathedral church of Wells. This was done for the sake
of augmenting the number of the canons, as well as for the
honour and benefit of the churches so selected.32 It appears
that the Abbat of Athelney complied with this proposal. For
in another document, Savaricus, after making honourable
mention of the religion and honesty which distinguished the
brotherhood of Adheligne, permits, with the consent of Alex-
ander the dean and the chapter of Wells, the church of Sutton
to be made a perpetual prebend in the church of Wells, and
that his beloved son, the Abbat Benedict, and all his successors,
should be perpetual prebendaries thereof, and assigns a stall in
the choir and a place in the chapter next the sub-dean. He
also releases the abbat and his successors from all personal
residence at Wells, but stipulates that they shall find a substi-
tute to perform the religious services of their office, and shall
pay him a pension of four marcs a year.33

The same Abbat Benedict was a witness to a confirmation of
Savaricus to the Abbey of Muchelney of the tithes of the
church of Somerton, reserving to the vicars their lawful dues.
John, Prior of Taunton, was also among the witnesses to this
instrument.34 About this time Sir Richard de Locumbe gave
to the abbat and convent a pension of 40s. a year from the
rectory of Selworth, of which church he was patron. The
grant was confirmed by Savaricus, and appears to have been
paid with short intervals for several centuries.35

In or about the year 1221, either the same or another Abbat
Benedict gave to Jocelin, Bishop of Bath, and his successors,
the advowson of the church of Ilton, with all its appurten-

(32). MS. Harl. 6968, pp. 80, 81.

(33). MS. Harl. 6968, pp. 60, 61. Et post, if. 123, 1236. Angl. Sacr., vol. i,
o63.

(34). MS. Harl. 6968, cart. pp. 5, 6.
(35). MS. Harl. 6967, f. 156.

Vol.

Vol. XLIII (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II.

114 Paper s, fyc.

ances, to be ordered and disposed as their other churches and
and prebends. Richard, Abbat of Muchelney, with others,
attested this charter.36 It can scarcely be imagined that Abbat
Benedict, the friend of Bishop Savaricus, who, as we have
already observed, must have succeeded not later than the year
1198, survived to 1225, at which date also his name occurs.37
It would seem that a third superior of the same name is to be
added to our list of these dignitaries. In the absence of posi-
tive authority, however, this is a point which we must be
content to leave undecided.

Athelney had a new abbot in 1232 at the latest, for in that
year Roger, Abbat of Athelney, and his convent gave to
Bishop Jocelin all the tithes in Putteneye and Wern in the
parish of Hiwis. The bishop had given these tithes at the
dedication of the church of Hiwis for the endowment of that
church, and the abbat and convent now ratified the gift.38
This instrument was dated the festival of St. Maurice and his
companions, in the twenty -sixth year of Jocelin's episcopate,
which is coincident with the 22nd September, 1232.

Robert succeeded, and, it would appear, almost immediately
after the transaction just related. He occurs, it is said, in
1232, 1249, 1260, and 1263.39 In 1260 there was a difference
between him and his convent and John, then chancellor of
Wells and prebendary of Ilton, about a house situated in their
court at Herdecote, and used for the storing of their tithes
collected therefrom. The matter was amicably settled on
these conditions, viz., that the dean, chancellor, and chapter
should give up all right and possessions in the aforesaid, and
that the aforesaid abbat and convent should give in pure and
perpetual alms to the church of Ilton, the chancellor and his
successors in the said prebend, a piece of land lying to the

(36). MS. Harl. 6968, p. 42.

(37). Collinson, vol. i, p. 87.

(38). MS. Harl. 6968, pp. 44, 45. Reg. Well., vol. i, f. 40.

(39;. Collinson, vol. i, p. 87.

Athelney Abbey. 115

north of Herdecote, of the- size of -half-an-acre, and extending
from the king's highway from Herdecote towards Ileford
Bridge, for the building of a grange and houses for storing
their tithes. The prebendary and his companions were to sur-
round the land with a competent enclosure, and were not to
erect thereon any cottage or mansion, the said grange and
houses excepted, unless with the licence of the abbat and
convent. This arrangement was dated in.;the chapter house
at Wells the 1st June, 1260.40

The next notice which occurs is one which will fitly intro-
duce many others of a somewhat similar character. It will be
recollected that the abbey was of royal foundation and that
the King was accordingly its patron. This fact has been of
great use to me in determining the exact dates at which many
of the abbats began their conventual reign ; inasmuch as the
licence to the convent to elect a successor on the decease of
an abbat, the royal assent and the restitution of the tem-
poralities are entered upon the Patent Rolls. I have by this
means recovered a number of dates which have not previously
been determined.

During a vacancy the -temporalities were in the King's
hands, and we know that in the case of some of the wealthier
establishments of which our ancient monarchs were the
patrons, the term of such intervals was oftentimes unnecessarily
lengthened, in order that their revenues might enrich an im-.
poverished treasury. Even the Abbey of Athelney, though
boasting of no great wealth, was subjected to this infliction.
In the Patent Roll, of the fifty-second year of Henry III, it is
set forth that the Abbat of Athelney has paid by the King's
writ to Alan, son of our John de Britann, by the hand of
Roger de Radeflod, on the Monday next after the festival of
St. Leonard, in the fifty-second year of the present reign,
which is coeval with the 7th November, 1267, the sum of ten

(40). MS. Harl. 6968, pp. 42, 43.

116 Papers, £c.

pounds by which the prior and convent have compounded with
us for the custody of their house in the last vacancy of the
same, to be held in part payment of a larger sum in which
the King is bound to the said John, and of which ten pounds
the abbot and convent are entirely quit. The document is in
fact a receipt for the money, and is dated — witness, the King
at Winchester — the 7th of November, 1267,41*the same day as
the money was paid, though expressed in the roll in a different
form. Twenty days afterwards, the letters patent were issued
for the restitution of the temporalities to the abbat elected at
the close of the just mentioned vacancy. Richard de Derham,
a monk of the house, had been elected by his brethren and
had received the royal assent, and these letters restored to
him the temporalities of his abbey, and enjoined all who owed
him service to pay the same to him as their abbat and lord.
The letters are dated at Clarendon, the 27th of November,
1267.42

The abbey was at this time in special favour. A few days
only elapsed before the king granted to the prior and convent
of Athelingenye, that they and their successors for ever should
have a market every week on Monday in their manor of
Lenge, and a fair every year to last three days, to wit, the
eve, day, and morrow of St. James the Apostle, in their manor
of Sutton, with the usual variation in favour of any neigh-
bouring markets and fairs which might be thereby damaged.
The witnesses are Robert Walerand, Robert Aguiloii, Walter
de Overton, Master John de Chishull, John de la Lynd,
Stephen Eddeworth, and others. The charter is dated at
Clarendon, the 10th of December.43

It is probable that at this time the King granted the privi-
lege of which we have a confirmation at the end of the following
reign. It was that all the horses and men of the abbat and

(41). Pat. Rolls, 52 Hen. Ill, m. 37.
(42). Pat. Rolls, 52 Hen. Ill, m. 34.
(43). Cart., 52 Hen. Ill, m. 11.

Athelney Abbey. 117

monks of Athelyngnea, which they could! swear to belong to
them, should be quit of all toll, passage, pontage, and customs
whatsoever through all his land, and forbidding anyone to
molest or disturb them in the enjoyment of this right under a
penalty of ten pounds.44

In or about the year 1270, the Abbot of Alnigenye is re-
turned as holding in the hundred of Cintrell, Athelney, and
all his other lands — " per orationes pro domino Rege.1'45

We must now pass to the early year of the next reign.
King Edward I granted to the Dean and Chapter of Wells
licence to grant one hundred acres of moor with their appurte-
nances in North Cory to the abbat and convent of Athelingney
and their successors for ever, for common of pasture which the
same abbat and convent have in eight hundred acres of moor
of the aforesaid dean and chapter in the same vill with the
usual reservation of the lord's services. The grant is dated
the 12th July, 1276.46

Abbat Richard de Derham departed this life in the beginning
of the year 1280. Andrew de Sacro Fonte, monk of Athel-
ney, was elected his successor. The royal assent to the
election was dated at Dunameneye the 14th March,47 and the
restitution of the temporalities at Bristoll the 19th of April,
1280.48

At the assizes held at Somerton just afterwards on the
morrow of the festival of the Ascension, 1280, it was pleaded
that the Abbat of Alingneye was bound to repair the bridge
of Doulesford, which was in a dangerous condition. The
abbat affirmed that neither he nor his predecessors had re-
paired that bridge nor was it his busines^ so to do.49

(44). See post 33 Edw. I.
(45). Test, de Nevill, p. 163.
(46). MS. Harl. 6968, cart., p. 64.

[This paragraph and also the marginal note is scored through with ink in

the MS., but see Wells Cathedral MSS., f. 216.]
(47). Pat. Rolls, 8 Edw. I, m. 21.
(48). Pat. Rolls, 8 Edw. I, m. 20.
(49). Plac. de Jur. and Ass. Somers., 8 Edw. I, rot. 13, dors 5/15—2.8.

118 Papers, $c.

At the same assizes at Somerton, the abbat sued against
Richard Fromund the moiety of one virgate of land with its
appurtenances in Oggesole as the right of his church of
Adelingley. Richard appears to have pleaded that one Isabella
de Montacute had given the land with its appurtenances to a
certain Margery, obliging her and her heirs to the warranty,
and he exhibited a charter of the said Isabella in confirmation
of his assertion. He further pleaded that the said Richard
did homage for the aforesaid land to Simon de Montacute.
Simon being summoned, said that he was not held to warranty
by the aforesaid charter, because the land sued against the
aforesaid Richard is not contained in the charter aforesaid,
and further that the tenements are of the fee of Erie and not
of the fee of Montacute. The jury gave their verdict for the
abbat, adjudging to him the recovery of his seisin against the
aforesaid Richard.50

In the same year Henry de Lorti was summoned to give
account by what warrant he held twenty acres of pasture called
Rochemore. Henry pleaded that the pasture aforesaid be-
longed to his manor of Knolle, which manor he held of the
Abbat of Alingeley. It was pleaded on the other side, that
the pasture belonged to the manor of Somerton, and not to
the manor of Knolle.51

We have already seen that the Abbat of Athelney was a
prebendary of Wells so early as the time of Bishop Savaricus,
and we have now to notice him in the performance of one of
his privileges. On the Saturday next after the Festival of the
Exaltation of the Holy Cross, the 16th of September, 1284,
died Edward de la Cnoll, dean of W ells. After licence was
obtained from the bishop to elect a successor, the canons were
cited for that purpose, and among them the abbats of
Athelney and Muchelney.52

(50). Plac. de Jur. and Ass. Somers., 8 Edw. I, rot. 31, M 5/13—4.4.,
M 5/14-1.5.

(51). Plac. de quo Warr. Somers., 8 Edw. I, rot. 57. Rep. Plac., p. 145.
(52). MS. Harl. 6968, pp. 33, 34.

Athelney Abbey. 119

In Easter term 1289, in the King's court at Westminster,
before Thomas de Weylaund, John de Lovecot, William de
Burnton, Roger de Leycestre, and Elias de Bekyngham, jus-
tices, and others, a final concord was made between Andrew,
Abbat of the church of St. Alwyne of Athelingeneye and
Simon de Montacute, regarding a hundred arid fifty acres of
land with their appurtenances in Oggesole. Simon made an
acknowledgment that the aforesaid land with its appurte-
nances was the right of the abbat and his church, and renounced
all claim on the part of himself and his heirs for ever.53 The
reader will perceive that this is another instance of the dedi-
cation of the abbey to S. Athelwine. Others will present
themselves in the following century.

In the year 1290 was the famous valuation of Pope Nicholas
IV, according to which all the ecclesiastical property of the
kingdom was rated down to the period of the Valor. The
following is a condensed account of the possessions, both
spiritual and temporal, of the abbey at that period.54

SARUM. SP.

Taxatio. Decima.

Porcio Atfeis de Athelyngine in Ecclia 1 , A n
de Caundel Purs }

SARUM. TEMP.

Caundel Purs. Atfeas de Athelingnie 5 13 0 0 11 3J
BATH AND WELLES SP'.

Pensio Afobis de Atheleneye in ecclia I 9 A 0
de Baggedripe ' ... ... ... ] "

Pensio Affis de Athelney e in ecclia )
de Syleworth (Selworthy; ... j

BATH AND WELLES TEMP'.

Sottone \ AII
^J5kls V Abbas de Athelney e ... 23 0 0

Herdecote, Abbas de Atheln' ... 7 6 8

Northcoury, Abbas de Atheln' ... 1 6 8

(53). Fin. Somers., 17 Edw. I, n. 116.

(54). Tax. Eccl. P. Nich.,.pp. 178, 185, 198, 204-5.

120 Papers, 8fc.

Taxatio.

Hamme, Abbas de Atheln' pitanc' ... 6 10 0
Lenge, Abbas de Atheln' ... ... 9 0 0

0 7 0

Bosyngton, Abbas de Atheln' ... Ill 0

[Sp. 500 Temp. 55 4 4]

In the 25th year of King Edward I, 1297, the Abbat of
Athelingnye was returned as possessor of lands and rent of the
value of £20 per annum, and as such was summoned to perform
military service in parts beyond sea. The muster was at
London on the Sunday next after the octave of St. John the
Baptist, the 7th July, 1297. The writ of summons was dated,
witness the king, at Portesmuth the 24th May, 1297.55

A perambulation of the forest of Neracchist was made on the
19th of March, 26 Edward I, 1298. It is -there stated that
the Abbat of Athelnye holds the hamlet of Stoforde which
pertains to the manor of Yleton. In a perambulation of the
forest of North Petherton made on the 25th of May in the
same year, the Abbat of Athelyngnye is said to hold the manor
of Westlenge and Estlenge, with woods, moors, marshes, and
appurtenances."56

The year 1300 brought another abbat to Athelney. The
choice then fell on Osmund de Sowy, a monk of the house.
Collinson is in error where he gives the year 1297 as that of
this abbat's succession. I have recovered from the Patent
Roll the date of the entire transaction. Brother Osmundus
de Sowy and Brother Thomas de Newbury were deputed to
inform the king of the death of their abbat. They received
from him his licence to elect a successor, dated at Totenham
the 5th of April, 1300.57 The former of the two messengers

(55). Parl. Writs, I, p. 292.

(56). Hist. Ad. de Domerham, ed. Hearne, I, pp. 189, 199.

(57). Pat. Rolls, 28 Edw. I, in. 21.

Athelney Abbey. 121

was elected to the vacant dignity and received the royal assent
dated Neuport Paynel, the 19th of the same month,58 and the
temporalities were restored to him by virtue of an instrument
dated at Hildeburghworth, the 13th of the following May.59

In the month afterwards, a writ dated at Wetherby, the 14th
of June, was addressed to all persons possessed of £40 or up-
wards of land or. rent, to perform military service against the
Scots. The Abbat of Athelingnye was accordingly sum-
moned among the other Somerset landholders. The muster
was at Carlisle on the next ensuing festival of St. John the
Baptist, the 24th of June, 1300.60

This must have been a serious drain on the revenues of a
place never too well supplied with means of expenditure. It
does not, therefore, much surprise us to find the abbat and
convent endeavouring, and we would hope effectually, to rid
themselves of another and heavy grievance. The King had
granted a corrody in the abbey to one of his old servants,
which included all necessaries in food and clothing. On the
arrival of Gilbert de Ragun, in whose favour this had been
done, and who was himself the bearer of the objectionable
letters, the abbat and convent returned a submissive answer to
their sovereign, representing to him that at that very time they
had at his majesty's appointment two other pensionaries of a
similar kind, John de Hanele, clerk, who received an annual

lyment of forty shillings, and Nicholas Freyn, who was
found in food and clothing for life. And they therefore must
lumbly solicit his royal mercy and forbearance, entreating him
for the sake of charity to spare them, for the present, this
additional burden, adding that the said Gilbert could, if he
would, attest the truth of their declaration. The letter was
dated at Athelyngenye the 28th of July, 1304.61

(58). Pat. Rolls, 28 Edw. I, m. 17.

(59). Pat. Rolls, 28 Edw. I, m. 16.

(60). Parl. Writs, I, p. 336.

(61). Calendar of Letters, no. 1222.

Vol. XLUI (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. q

122 Papers, fyc.

Abbat Osmund continued to preserve those friendly rela-
tions with the Beauchamp family which his great predecessor
had happily commenced. In the second year of his conventual
reign, and on the day on which the name of that predecessor
was held in special memory, he granted a charter which sets
forth that he and his convent had "received lord John de
Beauchamp, deceased, lady Cecilia sometime wife of the
same, lord John son of the same, lady Johanna his wife,
and their children, ancestors, and successors, in all benefits,
alms, and prayers, which are or shall be in our church of
Athelyngenye for ever." They also granted that the names
of the said John, and of Cecilia, John, and Johanna, when
they should depart this life, should be written in their martyro-
logy, and that their anniversary should be solemnly celebrated
in their church, year by year. That every year also, on the
24th October, the day of the anniversary of the said John,
deceased, thirteen poor people should be fed in behalf of his
soul and the souls of the aforesaid, their ancestors and suc-
cessors. For this grant Cecilia, and John her son, remitted
and quitted claim for themselves and their heirs, of a certain
common of pasture which they had long held in a certain field
in their manor of Ylton, lying between Hortemede and Stapele-
mede, as far as was included by a certain ditch. The witnesses
of this instrument were Sir Gilbert de Cnovyle, Sir William
de Staunton, John Sylveyn, John de Asseylonde, Laurence de
Dylynton, Ralph de Stokelynche, Hugh de la Lade, and many
others. It was dated at Athelyngenye, on the day of St.
Benedict, abbat, the 21st March, 1302.62

To about the same time, as I conjecture, for the document
is undated, we may refer the following. It sets forth that
John de Beauchamp, lord of Hacche, confirmed to Osmund,
Abbat of Athelyngnye, and his successors, all the crop of half-
an-acre of land in Froggemere in his manor of Schepton
Beauchamp, whether of corn or of oats. In default the abbat

(62). Beauchamp Cart., pp. 9, 10.

Athelney Abbey. 123

and his convent were to enter and distrain on all his land of
Froggemere. The witnesses were Sir Symon de Aston, John
de la Stane, Laurence de Dylyngton, John Sylveyn, Rauf de
Stokelynch, and many others.63

On the 2nd of February, 1304-5, a writ was addressed to
Walter de Gloucester, the King's Eschaetor, "to determine
whether leave might be granted to the abbat and convent of
Athelyngnye to hold and possess one messuage and fourteen
acres of land with their appurtenances in Holeford, in the
county of Somerset, which they had received by the gift and
feoffament of Thomas de Holeford, against the statute of Mort-
main, and without the royal licence." The writ was dated at
Walsyngham, the day above named. The verdict of the jury
at an inquest held at Somerton, on the 26th April, 1 305, was
favourable. The messuage and land were stated to be held
of John de la Yerde, by the service of one pound and a half
of wax, and a rent of threepence on the festival of St. Mary
Magdalene ; and that further the same John held the property
of Geoffrey de Stawell, and he of the Bishop of Winchester,
and the bishop of the king in chief.64 On this folloAved the
Royal Letters Patent, dated at Langele, the 6th May, 1305.65

In the same month the monks received, by payment of one
hundred shillings, a confirmation of their grant by Henry III,
of freedom from toll, passage and pontage, already recorded.1
Humphry de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Essex, Edmund
de Manley and others, were witnesses to this charter which
was dated at Harwe (Harrow), the 14th of May, 1305.66

We have now to pass a short interval of five years. Letters
Patent were issued to the dean and chapter of Wells, allowing
them to give and assign to the abbat and convent of Athel-
ingney, one hundred acres of moor with their appurtenances

(63). Beauchamp Cart., pp. 10, 11.

(64). Inq. p.m., 33 Edw. I, n. 144.

(65). Pat. Rolls, 33 Edw. I, p. 1, m. 2.

(66). Cart., 33 Edw. I, n. 36.

124 Papers, §-c.

in North Cury, for common of pasture which the said abbat
and convent had in eight hundred acres of moor of the afore-
said dean and chapter in the same vill, to which the abbat and
convent were to renounce all claim for the future ; with the
usual reservation of the lord's services. The letters were
dated at Westminster, the 12th July, 1310.67

In the year 1316, 9 Edward II, the Abbat of Athelingey
was certified, pursuant to writs tested at Clipston, on the 5th
of March, as one of the lords of the township of Purs-
caundel, in the county of Dorset, and as Lord of Suttone
Abbats, Ilton, Sevenhampton Abbat's, Hamme, Lenge, etc.,
in the county of Somerset.68

A few months afterwards a writ was issued to the Eschaetor,
to determine whether licence should be accorded to Adam de
Seler, of Taunton, to retain one messuage and one virgate of
land with its appurtenances in Lange Button, held for his life
of the Abbot of Athelengeneye, and by him of the king in
chief, which he had held without the king's licence and in
contravention of the statute. The writ was dated at Westmin-
ster, the 12th of July, 1316. The Jury was composed of the
following : John de Smelton, Reginald Husee, John Gissop,
John le Knyght, John Loyes (or Loges), John Bossard, Walter
Isaac, Philip Corbyn, Nicholas Bek, Nicholas Mandeware,
Roger Mapodre, and Thomas de Speketon, who said that the
abbat held the messuage and land of the king in capite in
pure and perpetual alms, and that the property was worth
twenty shillings a year in all issues. This inquest was taken
at Somerton, the 16th August, 1316.69

We have now to notice a circumstance of peculiar interest.
The ancient church, constructed by the royal founder of the
abbey, in a style that was hitherto unknown in England, was

(67). Pat. Rolls, 4 Edw. II, p. 1, m. 24. MS. Harl. 6968, Cart., p. 64.
(68). Parl. Writs, pt. ii, pp. 375, 378, 380.
(69). Inq. ad q. d. , 10 Edw. II, n. 49.

[The paragraphs beginning " In the same month," down to this date are
scored through with pencil in the MS.J

Athelney Abbey. 125

long ere this, we may suppose, in a state that needed improve-
ment. This, too, was the age of church building, and the
good abbat and his brethren were not behind their fellows in
the general march of progress. They also, at least, renovated
their church, which, according to some subsequent evidence,
must have been of a very magnificent character. On the 29th
of June, the festival of SS. Peter and Paul, 1321, an indul-
gence of thirty days was granted to all who should contribute
to the reparation of the conventual church.70 It is not certain
from this whether the structure was rebuilt in part, though
such of course is probable. That the good work attracted
the attention of distant benefactors is evident from the fact
that Walter de Stapleton, Bishop of Exeter, who was mur-
dered in London, the 15th of October, 1326, left four pounds
to the Abbat of Athelney, for repairs of the church and
erection of the tower.71 But from this also it may be inferred
that the church was an older structure and that a portion of
it at least was permitted to remain.

It was in the performance of this sacred work that the last
days of Abbat Osmund were employed. His tenure of office
would seem to have been a period of much peace and religious
improvement. He was at the head of his house for the long
space of twenty-five years.

Brothers William de Beare and Richard de Gotehirst,
monks of the House, were deputed to carry the intelligence to
the king ; and licence of electing a new superior was dated at
Laiigele, the 29th of January, 1324-5.72 The choice of the
convent fell on Robert de He, the prior ; the king's assent to
the election was dated at Westminster, the 13th of February ;73
and the restitution of the temporalities to the lately elected
abbat, at the Tower of London, the 16th of March, 1324-5.74

(74). Ibid., m. 18.

(70). MS. Harl. 6964, p. 67.

(71). In Archiv. S. Pet., Exon. Eccl.

(72). Pat. Rolls, 18 Edw. II, p. 2, m. 34.

(73). Ibid., m. 32.

126 Papers, fyc.

On the 25th of the same month he professed obedience.75

The abbat was summoned to a council in London, by a writ
dated at Dogmersfeld, the 2nd of September, 1332.76

In 1336, there was a composition concerning tithes between
the rector of Candel Purs and the abbat.77

It is stated that in a provincial or general chapter held at
Northampton, on the Monday next after the festival of the
Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the llth of September,
1340, the Abbat of Athelney was cited and appeared by his
proctors.78

Little, however, seems to have disturbed the serenity of his
rule. He died less than a year afterwards, in the summer of
the year 1341. John de Stoure, and John Fort, monks of the
House, carried, according to custom, the news to the king, and
the licence to elect was dated at Havergny atte Boure, the 2nd
of August, 134 1.79

Richard de Grothurst (the same, I presume, who accompanied
Brother William de Beare in the convent's mission to the king
on the death of Abbat Osmund in 1325), a monk of the House,
was chosen. The royal assent was dated at the Tower of
London, the 20th of August,80 and the order for the restoration
of the temporalities at Westminster, the 4th of September.81

In 1343, the abbey is mentioned as not having scholars " in
studio generali secundum relationem Prioris studentium."82

On the 2nd of December, 1348, Thomas le Touke of Budde-
clegh, was admitted to the vicarage of Lenge, on the presenta-
tion of the abbat and convent of Athelney.83

(75). MS. Harl. 6964, p. 93.

(76). MS. Harl. 6965, p. 62.

(77). Reg. Wyvill., vol. ii, pp. 31, 32, 33. Hutchins'x Dorsetshire, vol. iv,
p. 28.

(78). Reyner. Append., p. 105.

(79). Pat. Rolls, 15 Edw. Ill, p. 2, m. 29.

(80). Ibid.,m. 14.

(81). Ibid., m. 12.

(82). Reyner. Append., p. 107.

(83). MS. Harl. 6965, p. 193.

Athelney Abbey. 127

On the loth of September, 1349, Abbat Eichard de Got-
hurst was called from the scene of his earthly labours.
Licence of electing a successor was granted to the prior and
convent, dated at Westminster, the 23rd of September, 1349.84

The monks elected their prior, John Stoure, whose name
also has been lately before us. On his election he commenced
his journey to the king, who was then beyond sea, for the
purpose of obtaining the royal assent. He died in the way,
but under what circumstances we are not informed. Edward
was at that time in the midst of his French campaigns, and the
newly-elect had to encounter the varied contrasts to his quiet
and secluded home which an invaded country would necessarily
present. His death must have occurred before the 10th of
October, for on that day a licence was granted for a new
election, dated at Westminster, and addressed to the sub-prior
and convent of Athelnyngnye.85 The choice now fell on
Robert de Hacche, a monk of the house. The royal assent
was given to his election, dated at Westminster, the 22nd of
October,86 and the restitution of the temporalities was ordered
by an instrument dated at Westminster the oth of November,
1349.87

Among the Additional MSS. in the British Museum, is
preserved a very valuable document connected with this elec-
tion.88 It is an "Extent" or valuation of the /temporalities of
the abbey, taken, in accordance with constant usage, on the
death of the late abbat. The property consists of Sutton,
Lenge, Iltone, and Hurdecote, in the county of Somerset, and
of Pourscaundel, in the county of Dorset. The record will
give us a complete insight into the exact state and value of
the possessions of the abbey in the middle of the fourteenth
century.

(84). Pat. Rolls, 23 Edw. Ill, p. 2, m. 6.

(85). Pat. Rolls, 23 Edw. Ill, p. 3, m. 33.

(86). Pat. Rolls, 23 Edw. Ill, p. 3, m. 25.

(87). Ibid., m. 19.

(88). Add. MSS. 6165, pp. 13, 14, 15, 16.

128 Papers, §r.

1. Sutton. — The return was made before Thomas Gary, the
king's eschaetor, on the 17th of September, 1349, and the jurors
were William Trete, Thomas Harecoumbe, John Mapoudre,
John atte Oke, Walter Cothyng, Hugh Love, and Robert le
Newman. They reported that there were here divers buildings
which were of no yearly value beyond reprises. Also one
dovecot, worth 2s. a year, also one garden, with its produce,
when any, worth \'2d. a year, herbage of the same worth I2d.
That year, however, there was no produce. Also one water-
mill, worth besides reprises, '2s., and not more, for in summer
it could not be worked from lack of water. Also one wind-
mill, worth, per annum, 3s. 4d. ; also one hundred acres of arable
land, whereof two parts could be in cultivation every year,
and then worth 36s. 6d., at the rate of 6d. an acre, and the
third part lying in common and fallow, and so of no value.
Also twenty acres of meadow, enclosed from the feast of the
Purification to that of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist,
and worth 30s., at the rate of ISd. an acre. Also twelve acres
of pasture worth 6s. a year. Also assessed rents, payable in
equal portions at Michaelmas, Christmas, Easter, and the
Nativity of St. John the Baptist, £4. Pleas and perquisites
of the courts, worth 40d. a year. Sum total of the value of
Sutton, £8 23d.

2. Lenyc. — Return made before the same eschaetor, and on
the day and year aforesaid. Jurors, Nicholas Aylward, John
Joyote, William Frend, Edward le Tayllour, Richard Toky,
and Simon Louyere. The report sets forth that there are
there certain buildings of no value beyond reprises. Also one
garden, the produce, when any, worth I2d. per annum, herbage
of the same, worth 12d., also two mills worth 10s. a year. Also
four score acres of arable land, two parts of which could be
sown every year, and then worth 24s., at the rate of 6d. an
acre, the third part in common and fallow, and so of no value.
Also twenty acres of meadow, enclosed from the feast of the
Purification to the carrying of the crop, worth 25s., at the

Athelney Abbey. 129

rate of I5d. an acre. Assessed rents payable as aforesaid, 705.,
also eight acres of pasture, worth 4s. a year. Also from the
lord's larder at the feast of St. Martin, I2d. Also one fair on
the feast of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross, worth 12d.
Pleas and perquisites of the courts worth 2s. a year. Sum
total, £6 19s.

3. Ilton. — Returns made before the same escheator, and on
the same day and year. Jurors, John Bygge, Richard Bygge,
John Palmere, Thomas Achewy, William Sawyere, John
Cauntiloo, and others. They report that there are there
certain buildings of no yearly value beyond their repair. Also
one garden, the fruit, when any, worth I2d. a year, and the
herbage of the same worth I2d. Also twenty acres of wood,
in which there is no unlerwood, but the herbage of the same
worth 4s. Also seventy acres of arable land, whereof two
parts may be sown every year, and then are worth 3os., at the
rate of 6d. per acre, the third part in common and fallow and
of no value. Also eighteen acres of meadow, worth 28s. a
year, and not more, because the land is in common after the
hay is carried. Also eight acres of pasture, worth 4s. Also
assessed rents, payable as aforesaid, 53s. 4d. Also pleas and
perquisites of the court, worth 20d. a year ; sum total, 108s.

4. Hurdecote. — Returns made before the same eschaetor,
the 20th September. Jurors, John Spye, Nicholas Gibbe,
Peter le Whyte, Walter Toby, William Roger, Thomas
Hanel, and others. They report that there are there also
certain buildings of no value beyond their repair. Also one
garden, the fruit, when any, worth I2d. a year, the herbage,
I2d. Also fifty-five acres of arable land, whereof two parts
may be sown every year and then worth 27s. 6d. a year, at
the rate of 6d. an acre. Also seven acres of meadow, worth
7s. a year. Also four acres of pasture, worth 2s. a year.
Also assessed rents, payable as aforesaid, 32s. Also pleas
and perquisites of the court, worth 12^. a year. Sum total,
71s. 6d.

ol. XLIII (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II.

130 Papers, fyc.

5. Pourscaundel. — Returns made before the same eschaetor
and on the same day as the last. Jurors, John - — , William
atte More, William Cliffard, John Slape, Richard Russell,
Walter atte Mulle, and others. They report that there are
there certain buildings of no yearly value beyond reprises.
Also thirty acres of arable land, whereof half may be sown
and then worth 10s., at the rate of 4d. an acre89 ; and the third
part in common and fallow and so of no value. Also five
acres of meadow enclosed from the feast of the Purification to
the carrying of the hay, worth 5s. a year. Also six acres of
pasture, worth 3s. a year, at the rate of 6d. an acre. Also
assessed rents of the free tenants there, payable as aforesaid,
8s. Pleas of the courts there, none. Sum total, 26s. 9U

The total temporalities of the abbey, therefore, in the year
1349, would appear to amount to the annual value of £25 6s. 5d.

The church of Long Button had another vicar in 136*2. On
the 30th March in that year, Walter de Cory was presented
to that vicarage by Robert Hacche, abbat, and convent.91

On the 10th of July, 1363, a writ, dated at Westminster,
was issued to John de Bekynton, the king's eschaetor, as to
whether it would be to the king's damage if John Bays, John
Irissh and John Troubrug, the vicar of North Cory, were to
give one messuage, fifty acres of arable, and three acres of
meadow, with their appurtenances in Lange-Sutton, to the
abbat and convent of Athelneye for finding a wax taper burning
every day during mass before the high altar of the abbey
church in behalf of the soul of John Sloo, and of his ancestors,
and of all the faithful departed. The inquest, accordingly,
was taken at Somerton, on the 24th of July, 1363, and the
verdict was favourable. The lands were reported as held by a
rent of 2s. a year, and suit twice a year at the abbat's court in
Lange-sutton for all services. It is further stated that the said

(89). There is some confusion here.

(90). Add. MSS. 6165, pp. 13, 14, 15, 16.

(91). MS. Harl. 6964, p. 146.

Athelney Abbey. 131

abbat held them of the king in chief by military service, that
they were worth in all issues 8.«. 6c?., besides the rent already
mentioned, and that there were no other mesne men between
the king and the aforesaid,92

In the beginning of the following year another writ was
addressed to the same eschaetor, as to whether it would be to
the king's damage if Walter de Clopton and Henry Hacche
were to give one messuage and the moiety of one carucate of
land, with their appurtenances in Northpetherton to the abbat
and convent; and also if the said Walter and Henry should
allow one messuage and the moiety of one carucate of land with
its appurtenances in the same vill, of which they had the
reversion after the decease of one Margaret Clanyll, should
revert after such decease to the abbat and convent for finding
a certain chaplain beyond the number of the canons in the
abbey, to pray for the health of Walter and Henry during
their life, and after their decease, for their souls and those of
all the faithful departed. This was dated at Westminster, the
21st of January, 1364-5. The inquest was held at Brugge-
water on the 3rd of February following, Roger Sydenham,
John Gonecorps, Nicholas Elworthy, Robert Stilard, William
Mustard, John Peeche, Thomas Coglode, John Duce, John
Andreseye, John Wedge, Walter Bereford, and Peter Grob-
ham, being jurors. The verdict was favourable. The land
was held of John de Erlegh, by knight service, and he of the
:ing in chief. The value was 20s., and there were no other
lesne men beside the aforesaid.93 The letters patent com-
peting this transaction are dated at Westminster, the 26th of
Tanuary, 1365-6.94

In the Somerset assize, held at Yvelcester, before William
Wychyngham and Edmund de Chelrege, justices, on Mon-
ty next after the feast of St. Gregory, pope, in the forty-first

(92). Inq. ad q. d., 39 Edw. Ill, n. 16.
(93). Inq. ad q. d., 39 Edw. Ill, n. 17-
(94). Pat. Rolls, 40 Edw. Ill, p. 1, m. 44.

132 Papers, $-c.

year of Edward III, which is coincident with the 15th of
March, 1367, an issue was tried between Robert, Abbat of
Athelneye, William Waryn, monk of the same house, Thomas
Baillyf, of Lange-sutton, and Thomas le Hayward and Robert
Rede, of the same, on the one side, and Robert and John
Longh, on the other, as to whether the former had unjustly
disseised the latter of common of pasture in Lange-sutton,
pertaining to a free tenement of theirs in the same vill. The
land referred to amounted to one hundred acres of arable land,
and one hundred and twenty acres of pasture. The jury held
that with reference to their common in the arable land Robert
and John were seised of tbe same time out of mind, and that
they had not been disseised as they complained; that with
reference to the common in the hundred acres of pasture they
were also seised ; that the abbat and the others with him by
taking and impounding certain oxen, had unjustly disseised the
said Robert and John ; that with reference to their common in
the aforesaid twenty acres of pasture the said Robert and John
were seised, but that the said abbot had enclosed the land with
a ditch so that access was denied to the complainants and that
they were thus unjustly disseised. And they assessed their
damage to the amount of 40s. It was decided that Robert and
John should recover their seisin in the aforesaid hundred and
twenty four acres, and their damages. The abbat and his
party satisfied the aforesaid Robert and John Longh. He and
his fellow monk paid a fine of 10s., and each of the others,
Thomas Baillyf, Thomas le Hayward and Robert Rede, a fine
of 2s. by the pledging of Walter de Cloptun, Mathew de
Clyvedon and Richard Brit.95

More than three years elapsed before there was an addition
to the abbey revenues. A writ was then addressed to the
king's eschaetor, William Cheyne, as to whether it would be
to the king's damage if Richard Sydenham, John Hayt, clerk,
and John Stanvvygg, chaplain, were to give and assign one

(95). Vide Pat. Rolls, 30 Henry VI, p. 1, m. 19.

Athelney Abbey. 133

toft, fifty-four acres of arable land, eight acres of meadow,
three acres of pasture, and two acres of wood, together with
four pence of rent, with appurtenances, in Ilton to the abbat
and convent of Athelyngneye, for the finding of a lamp con-
tinually burning for ever before the crucifix in the abbey
church. The writ was dated at Westminster, the 26th of June,
1370. The inquest in consequence was held at Ilmynstre, on
the Tuesday next after the feast of St. Margaret, the 23rd of
July, 1370; and the jurors, who were Adam Swyft, William
Hucker, William Moure, Richard Couk, William Walrond,
William Dounham, William Sherp, Robert Har$, Thomas
Deme, Laurence Wyly, Robert Davy and Thomas Ansty, re-
turned a favourable verdict. The property was held of the
king in chief by knight service, and was worth in all issues
13s. 4e?., exclusive of the aforesaid rent. There were no more
mesne men between the king and the aforesaid.96 The king's
letters patent, granting the licence, are dated at Claryndon, the
26th of the same month.97

Early in the following year, another writ was similarly
addressed to the same officer, as to whether it would or would
not be to the king's damage if John Bays, John Stanwygg,
chaplain, John Irysh, chaplain, and Henry Chynnock, chaplain,
were to give and assign to the abbat and convent of Athelnye,
one messuage, two curtilages, one toft, fifty-four acres of arable
land, seven acres of meadow, and one acre of pasture with
appurtenances, in Lange-sutton, for the finding of two wax-
tapers for ever, in the church of the said abbey, every day
burning before the high altar at high mass. The writ was
dated at Westminster, the 1st of February, 1370-1. The
inquest was held at I veil, on the 6th of June, and together
with a favourable verdict the jurors reported that the lands
were held by knight service, at a rent to the abbey of 2s. a
year for all service ; and that the abbey held them of the king

(96). Inq. p.ra , 44 Edw. Ill, 2nd nos. n. 31.
(97). Pat. Rolls, 44 Edw. Ill, p. 2, m. 8.

134 Papers, frc.

in pure and perpetual alms; that they were worth 11s. a year,
exclusive of the rent, and that there were no more mesne men
between the king and the four aforesaid.98 The letters -patent
for legalising this donation were obtained at a fine of one
hundred shillings from abbat and convent, and are dated at
Westminster the 4th of November, 1372."

We learn subsequently that a property was given during the
same year, situated at Littelmore, which was the subject of
legal proceedings in the year 1382. The details of these pro-
ceedings will shortly be before us, and to these I refer the
reader for the particulars of the gift.

This indeed was the age of donations to the abbey, and
although the individual benefactions were usually small, the
aggregate amounted to a considerable income. On the 26th of
June, 1374, a writ was addressed to Adam atte More, the king's
eschaetor, with the usual enquiries as to whether, without harm
to the king, John Hayt, clerk, and Henry Hacche, clerk,
might give and assign two acres of meadow with appurtenances
in Lange-sutton, to the abbat and convent of Athelneye, to
find a certain wax taper daily before the high altar in the
abbey church, burning at high mass. An inquest was held at
Ivelchester, on the Monday after the feast of St. (sic. MS.) The
land was held of the aforesaid abbat as of his manor of Lange-
sutton, by knight service, and he of the king in chief, also by
knight service, and was worth 3s, a year in all issues.100 After
a fine from the abbat and convent of thirteen shillings and
four pence, the king's letters patent were issued, dated at West-
minster, the 16th of August, 1374.101

On the 22nd of February, 1378, there was an election of a
Dean of Wells, at which was present Robert, abbat of Athel-
ney and prebendary of Button.102

(98). Inq. ad q. d., 45 Edw. Ill, n. 4.

(99). Pat. Rolls, 46 Edw. Ill, p. 2, m. 13.

(100). Inq. p.m., 48 Edw. Ill, 2nd. nos., n. 4.

(101). Pat. Rolls, 48 Edw. Ill, p. 1, m. 3.

(102). MS. Harl. 6968, pp. 140, 141.

Athelney Abbey. 135

It appears that John Hayt and Henry Hacche had subse-
quently made another gift of the land just mentioned to the
ahbat and convent, dated the 6th of May, 1376. The royal
licence had not been obtained for this procedure, and the king's
eschaetor had interfered and appropriated the gift. It was
represented, however, that the property was the same which
had been previously granted according to law. A writ was
therefore issued, to William Style, the eschaetor, commanding
that if the two acres aforesaid were the same as the other
two acres, they should be released, and that the abbot and
convent should be put in possession. The writ, which was
privately addressed to the eschaetor, was dated at West-
minster, the 8th of February, 1379-80.103

A year after this, letters patent were granted for a fine of
eleven marcs, authorising Henry Hacche to give two mes-
suages, fifty -four acres of arable land and nine acres of meadow,
with appurtenances in Lange-sutton, of which he possessed the
reversion after the decease of Walter Clopton, to the abbat
and convent, to find a lamp before the high altar in the abbey
church of St. Saviour of Athelnye, there in honour of the
body of Christ, constantly burning for ever. The letters were
dated at Westminster, the 10th of February, 1381-2.104

The same year a writ was addressed to John Rodeston, the
eschaetor, as to whether John de Beauchamp, of Lillisdon,
Matthew de Clyvedon, and Elias Spelly, might give two-
hundred-and-twenty acres of pasture in their moor, called the
Saltmore, in their manor of Stathe, to the abbat and convent,
to be by them and their successors held and enclosed, in ex-
change for common of pasture, which the said abbat and
convent had with all and singular, their beasts and cattle, in
the same moor, to be surrendered and all claims renounced by
the said abbat and convent to the said John, Matthew, and
Elias. The writ was dated at Westminster, the 24th of June,

(103). Rot. Glaus., 3 Richard II, m. 11.
(104). Pat. Rolls, 5 Richard II, p. 2, m. 31.

136 Papers, fyc.

1382. The inquest was held at Bruggewater, on the 28th of
October following, and the jurors reported that the pasture to
be assigned was worth 110s. a year, and that the common of
pasture to be surrendered was worth 100s. in all issues, that
John Dynham was mesne and none other ; concluding, as
usual, with the declaration that the donors had other property
sufficient for the payment of all demands — in the present case,
six-hundred acres of moor, in the same moor, parcel of the
manor of Stath.105 The letters patent are dated at West-
minster, the 25th of April, 1383.106

Before the end of the year a writ of certiorari was addressed
to the barons of the Exchequer, touching the possession by
the abbat and convent of a certain pasture, called Littelmore,
of thirty-four acres, with appurtenances in Langsutton of the
value of 66s. 8d. The royal licence had not been obtained,
and the land was in the king's hands. The rolls of the period,
the forty-sixth year of Edward Til, were to be examined and
their tenor to be reported. The writ was dated at West-
minster, the 1st of December, 1382. On examination of the
roll it was found that a return had been made of 31s. 4d. of
issues of such a pasture, which was of the yearly value of
66s. 8d., and that the abbat and convent had become possessed
of the same, ten years before the date of the present report,
from Elizabeth, widow of Ralph de Middelney, John Corbyn,
and Richard Hare.107 On the 4th of the same month of
December, letters patent were issued conveying the royal
pardon for various informalities connected with the acquisition
of the property. This document is well worthy of abstraction.
It is stated that the lands aforesaid had been obtained without
the royal licence, and that the eschaetor had accordingly
taken them into the king's hands : that subsequently the abbot
had asserted that he and very many of his predecessors had

(105). Inq. p.m., 6 Richard II, n. 156.
(106). Pat. Rolls, 6 Richard II, p. 3, m. 16,
(107). Inq. p.m., 7 Richard II, n. 157.

Athelney Abbey. 137

been seised in their domains of the fee as of the right of their
church from time out of mind, of the aforesaid pasture as a
parcel of their manor of Langsutton, held by them from the
abbey's foundation : that in regard of eight of the aforesaid
thirty-four acres they were the same, as had been the several
of Elizabeth, lady of the manor of Knolle, from the feast of
the Purification to the Gule or 1st of August, in other words,
to the cutting and carrying of the hay, without other profit,
and that the abbat and convent had had the profit of the same
to Michaelmas, and from Michaelmas to the feast of the Puri-
fication : that the aforesaid Elizabeth had common of pasture
in the said eight acres and also in the whole of the remainder
of the pasture aforesaid in Littelmore, with eight oxen and
one boar, which common of pasture was an appurtenance of
the manor of Knolle aforesaid : that the abbat and convent
were in the habit of taking in and feeding their own beasts
and those of others, and of deriving the profits during the
same time : that the said Elizabeth had released and given up
all claims to all her aforesaid profit to the abbat and his suc-
cessors, namely the crops of the meadow worth 105. a year, and
the pasture for eight oxen and one boar worth I2d. a year :
that the other two acres of the said pasture are meadow, in
which John Hait, clerk, and Henry Hacche have a similar
profit for the time aforesaid : that the abbat and convent had
this profit for one year, by the grant of the said John and
Henry, before the moor was taken into the king's royal grand-
father's hands : that it had been considered accordingly that
the aforesaid eight acres should remain in the hand of the
king, and that all the profits aforesaid should be accounted for
by the abbat and convent : that the aforesaid two acres
should similarly remain in the king's hands and be similarly
accounted for ; and that the remainder of the pasture, to wit,
the twenty-four acres, should be removed from the king's
hands, according to the tenor of the record aforesaid. The
letters after conveying the pardon for the informal transfer,

VoL XLIII (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II.

138 Papers, §v.

restore, give, and assign to the abbat and convent, the afore-
said ten acres of meadow, and the said pasture for eight oxen
and one boar, to be held of the lords of the fee by the same
services as they were before they came into the king's hands.
The fine was one hundred shillings, and the letters were dated
at Westminster, the 4th of December, 1382.1U8

Abbat Robert de Hacche died in the beginning of October,
1390. On the 7th of October, the king's licence was granted
to elect a successor. John Hywyssh the prior was elected, and
obtained the royal assent on the 18th of October, 1390. The
temporalities were restored on the 2nd of November following.
As a specimen of the instrument used on these occasions, my
reader may be glad if I furnish him with the following in
literal translation :

" Licence of electing. The king to his beloved in Christ,
the Prior and Convent of Athelneye, health. A humble peti-
tion has been offered to us on your part, that whereas your
aforesaid church by the decease of Robert of blessed memory,
abbat of that place, is deprived of the comfort of a pastor, we
would be pleased to grant to you licence to choose another for
abbat and pastor. — We, being favourably inclined to your
prayers in this behalf, have thought fit to grant to you that
licence, commanding you to choose for yourself such a one for
your abbat and pastor who may be devoted to God, necessary
to your church, and useful and faithful to us and to our king-
dom. In testimony whereof, etc. Witness the king, at West-
minster, the 7th day of October.109

" Royal assent. The king to the venerable father in Christ
R[alph Ergum], by the same grace Bishop of Bath and Wells, |
health. Know ye that to the election lately made in the con- •
ventual church of Adelneya, of John Hywyssh, prior of the i
same church, to be abbat of that place, we have added our j

(108). Pat. Rolls, 6 Richard II, p. 3, m. 14.

[From the words of pasture in the said eight acre* to this date is scored

through with pencil in the MS.]
(109). Pat. Rolls, 14 Richard II, p. i, m. 20.

Athelney Abbey. 139

royal assent and favour, And this we signify to you by the
tenor of these presents, that you fulfil what is yours in this
behalf. In testimony whereof, etc. Witness the king at
Westminster the 18th day of October."110

" Restitution of temporalities. The king to his beloved
Edward Bokelond, his eschaetor in the counties of Somerset
and Dorset, health. Whereas the venerable father R., Bishop
of Bath and Wells, hath confirmed the election lately made in
the conventual church of Athelney, of our beloved in Christ
John Hewyssh, monk of the same House, to be abbat of that
place, to whom we have before given our royal assent and
favour, as by these letters patent of the said bishop directed to
us from thence, assure us, — We, accepting that confirmation,
have taken the fealty of the said clerk, and restore to the same
the temporalities of the said abbey according to custom. And so
we command you, that you deliver to the said clerk the aforesaid
temporalities with their appurtenances in your bailiwick in the
form aforesaid. Saving our right, etc. Witness the king at
Westminster, the second day of November. And it is com-
manded to the knights, frtemen, and all other tenants of the
aforesaid abbacy, that they be obedient and accountant to the
said clerk as to their abbat and lord in all things that pertain
to the abbacy aforesaid. In testimony whereof, etc. Witness,
as above."111

On the 4th of August, 1391,112 Brother John Huwysch,
Abbat of Athelney and Prebendary of Long-sutton, took the
oath in the chapter house of Wells to observe the statutes of
that church.113

On the 6th of February, 1396-7, a writ was addressed to
Thomas Cammel, the king's eschaetor, with the usual ques-
tions as to whether the Abbat of Glastonbury might give

(110). Pat. Rolls, 14 Richard II, p. i, m. 17.
(HI). Pat. Rolls, 14 Richard II, p. 1, m. 13.

(112). From "On the 4th of August" to the words "valuation of the
property !: is scored with pencil.
(113). MS. Harl. 6968, p. 148.

140 Paper s, §*c.

twenty-four acres of arable land and four acres of meadow
with appurtenances, in Lange-sutton, to the abbat and convent
of Athelneye, in pure and perpetual alms. The writ was dated
at Westminster on the day aforesaid. The inquest was held at
Yevelchester, on Monday, the 10th of September, in the same
year, and the jurors, John Lilleshull, John Walton, Thomas
Ponton, John Burey, John Lernwyt, Robert Coker, John
Notyere, Nicholas Felpus, John Boreford, John Bonde, Adam
Stere, and William Grey, reported that the Abbat of Athelney
held the lands aforesaid, as of his manor of Langesutton by
knight service, that they were worth in all issues besides
reprises, 10s. a year, that the Abbat of Athelney held the said
manor in chief of Elizabeth Julers, Countess of Kent, as of her
manor of Somerton, and the said Elizabeth of the king-in-chief,
and that the aforesaid Abbat of Athelney and the said Elizabeth
were the mesnes between the king and the Abbat of Glaston-
bury.m

In an inquest taken on the 23rd of July, 1397, after the
decease of William de Montacute, Earl of Salisbury, who
died on the third of June, 1397, in obedience to a precept
dated at Westminster, the 8th of June, 1397, among the fees
pertaining to his manor of Shipton Mountagu, mention is made
of the eighth part of one knight's fee in Hoggeshole, as held
by the Abbat of Athelney, and worth \2s. 6d. a year.115

Two years after this, Athelney lost her abbat. John Hywyssh
died on the llth of June, 1399. The licence to elect a succes-
sor was dated (witness, Edward, Duke of York, protector),
at Westminster, the 16th of that month.116 The royal assent
was given to the election, in the conventual church of S.
Athelwyn of Athelney, of Brother John Brygge, prior of the
house, on the 24th of June,117 and the restoration of the tem-

(114). Annexed to Inq. ad q. d., 1 Hen. IV, n. 31.

(115). Inq. p.m., 20 Richard II, n. 35, t. 6a.

(116). Pat. Rolls, 22 Richard H, p. 3, m. 5

(117). Pat. Rolls, 23 Richard II, m. 7.

Athelney Abbey. 141

poralities was dated, Witness the lord keeper, at S. Albans, on
the 10th of July.118

We have another important document of the present period
in the shape of the valuation of the property upon the death of
the late abbat. It is very similar to that with which I have
already made the reader acquainted, and taken exactly fifty
years before. I need not, therefore, give it in detail, but
merely furnish the additions and the few other points of varia-
tion which it presents.

It was taken at Bruggewater, before Thomas Bathe, the
king's eschaetor, on the 10th of August, 1399. The jurors
were William Thorner [or Thomer], Robert Leigh, John
Mucheldene, Richard de la Mare, Richard Wely, Ralph
Barwe, John Bokelond, Richard Mauncell, John Broke, -
Okerford, John Magot, and John Mareden.

In the returns for Button, two or three of the items must be
noticed. The garden must have been but an indifferent one,
for in the year of the latter valuation also there was no produce.
The arable was worth, when in cultivation, 33s. 4rf., but 36s. 6d.
in the former. The twenty acres of meadow were worth \2d.
an acre, although they figured in the previous return as worth
18d/. an acre.

In the return for Lenge, the garden had deteriorated. It
had been worth I2d., and its herbage of the same value. It
was now worth 4d., and its herbage 6d. The mills formerly
worth 10.?. were now worth 8s. The twenty acres of meadow
worth before 25s., now worth 20s.

In the return for Hurdecote, the garden, whose fruit was
worth 12r/., is now estimated at 3d., and its herbage, formerly
worth 12e?., is now worth 4d.

In the return for Ilton, the garden, which had been worth
12^., and its herbage 12^., is now worth 8d.9 and its herbage 8d.
The herbage of the wood formerly valued at 4s., is now worth
The meadow land, of fourteen acres, is worth 18s.

(U8). Pat. Rolls, 23 Richard II, m. 7.

142 Papers, §*c.

The estate of Purscandel is not included in this extent, but
instead of it we have an interesting and valuable addition in a
return for Chavelesheigh (Claveshey). Here is said to be on<
carucate containing one hundred acres of land, held of Thorm
Beaupeny, as of his manor of North Petherton. This lam
can be sown one year, and afterwards cannot be sown for t<
years, on account of the poverty of the soil. In the year
its cultivation it is worth 16s. 8d., at the rate of 2d. an aci
Every year that it is not sown the pasture on it is wortl
85. 4d., at the rate of Id. an acre.119

In the middle of the following year, another writ was ad-
dressed to the eschaetor with reference to the land in Lang(
sutton, proposed to be given to the abbat and convent by the
Abbat of Glastonbury. The answer thereunto annexed I
have already given. The writ was dated at Westminster,
the second of July, 1400.120

On the 26th of May, 1410, Richard Courtenay, Canon of
Wells, was elected dean of that church. The Abbat of Athel-
negh and his brother of Muchelney were summoned to the
election. They did not, however, appear and were pronounced
contumacious.121

On the 18th of November, 1415, a convocation of the clergy
was held in the church of St. Paul, in London. Among the
chief dignitaries of Somerset, cited to attend it, was John
[Brygge], Abbat of Athelney.122

This was the last act that I can record of this abbot. He
died early in November, 1424. The licence to elect a suc-
cessor to him, conveyed in exactly the same terms as those
already given, was dated at Westminster, the 13th of Novem-
ber.123 The royal assent was given at Westminster, on the
28th of the same month, to brother John Petherton, monk of

(119). Add. MS. 6165, pp. 117, 118.

(120). Inq. ad q. d , 1 Hen. IV, n. 31.

(121). MS. Harl. 6966, pp. 29, 30.

(122). MS. Harl. 6966, p. 21.

(123). Pat. Rolls, 3 Hen. VI, p. 1, m. 17.

Athchiey Abbey. 143

the house,124 and the restoration of the temporalities at West-
minster, the 10th of December, 1424.125

On the (sic. MS.), 1430. letters patent were issued for
the repayment of a series of loans. Among them are those of
twenty marcs to the Abbat of Michelney, of forty pounds
to the Dean of Wells, of ten marcs to the men of Wells,
of fifteen pounds to the men of Taunton, of twenty marcs
to the men of Bath, and of twenty pounds to the Abbat of
Athelney.126

The following year brought a fresh accession of property.
Richard Kemp, of Langesutton, released and surrendered to
the abbat and convent all claims present and future in respect
of all lands, tenements, services, and reversions with all appur-
tenances in Langesutton, called Litellode, and common of
pasture for eight oxen and one mare with foal in a close
belonging to the same abbot and convent, called Rademore,
in Langesutton aforesaid. To this were annexed the usual
declarations of warranty and acquittance, and the apposition
of his seal. Inasmuch, however, as his seal was not generally
known, he procured the seals of John Warr, .esquire, and of
John Beauchamp, of Lillesdon, Esquire, then present to be
added in attestation of the genuine nature of the gift. The
witnesses present were Henry Sherard, Thomas Micheldever,
John Maunsell, William Note, John Irlond, and others. The
instrument was dated at Athelney, the 30th of May, 1431.
The donor attended the chancery at Westminster, and ad-
mitted the aforesaid and all things contained in the same, on
the 10th of November, 1437.127

John Pederton, Abbat of Athelney, was summoned to the
council of Ferrara, in April, 1438.128

On the 26th August, 1446, the same abbat was present in

(124). Pat. Rolls, 3 Hen. VI, p. 1, m. 16.

(125). Pat. Rolls, 3 Hen. VI, p. 1, m. 12.

(126). Pat. Rolls, 8 Hen. VI, p. 2, m. 18.

(127). Glaus., 16 Hen. VI, m. 15, dors.

(128). MS. Harl. 6966, pp. 49, 50.

144 Papers, fyc.

person at Wells, on the election of a dean of that church.129

An exemplification of the legal procedure connected with
certain common of pasture in Langesutton in the forty-first
year of King Edward III, an account of which will be found
under that date, was made at the request of Abbat John Per-
derton, at Westminster, on the 29th of November, 145 1.130 The
exemplification is a copy of letter patent previously granted, in
order to be used for pleadings, and which is held to be as effec-
tual for that purpose as the original from which it is taken.

Abbat John Pederton was gathered to his fathers on the 10th
of February, 145 7-8. 131 He had governed his house for the
long space of thirty-four years. On the loth of the same month
the licence for election was issued.132 Brother Robert Hylle,
monk of the same house of St. Saviour of Athelney, was chosen
on the 27th,133 received the royal assent on the 4th,134 was con-
firmed abbat on the llth,135 and had the temporalities restored
to him on the 14th of the following month of March.136 At
his election nine monks were present and two were absent.136*

On the 19th of June, 1462, licence was granted by the
Bishop of Bath and Wells to Abbat Robert Hille to have
divine service celebrated in his oratory.137 This would appear
to have been attached to his lodgings, but whether the licence
was granted on account of some repair or rebuilding of the
church, or of some bodily infirmity of the abbat himself, we are
without the means of deciding.

William Wytham, Dean of Wells, died on the 16th of July,
1472, and on the 18th of December his successor was elected.

(129). MS. Harl. 6966, p. 117.

(130). Pat. Rolls, 30 Hen. VI, p. 1 m. 19.

(131). MS. Harl. 6966, p. 119.

(132). Pat. Rolls, 36 Hen. VI, p. 2, m. 16.

(133). MS. Harl. 6966, p. 119.

(134). Pat. Rolls, ibid.

(135). MS. Harl., ibid.

(136). Pat. Rolls, ibid.

(136*). Dr. Archer.

(137). MS. Harl. 6966, p. 102.

Athelney Abbey. 145

Robert Hyll, Abbat of Athelney, did not attend this election,
and with John Bracy, Abbat of Muchelney, his brother pre-
bendary, who was similarly absent, was pronounced contuma-
cious.138

He also departed this life on the 10th of October, 1485, and
on the 29th of the same month John George, prior of the house,
was elected his successor.139 Eleven monks were then in the
house.140

On the 2nd of March, 1497-8, John Dyer was appointed to
the vicarage of Lougsutton, void by death of John Pym, on the
presentation of the abbat and convent.141

Abbat John George was cited to Wells, at the election of a
dean on Christmas Day, 1498.142

On the 17th of August, 1499, the feast of the dedication of
the abbey church was changed from the 20th of December, the
eve of St. Thomas the Apostle, on which day it had been dedi-
cated in honour of our blessed Saviour, to the 30th of August,
the feast of SS. Felix and Adanctus, martyrs.143 This makes
it not improbable that the licence was granted for using
the abbat's oratory for the celebration of divine service on
account of some extensive repairs to, if not the entire rebuilding
of, the conventual church, the completion of which was com-
lemorated by altering the festival of its dedication to the day
>n which it was again used for sacred employment.

These labours were among the last of Abbat George's rule.

>n the 23rd of May, 1502, he is mentioned as patron of the

icarage of Lenge,144 and in less than a year afterwards he left
monastery to the hands of his successor. It would not ap-
pear that the house was at this time in a very creditable state,
for on the 20th May, 1503, a commission was issued to examine

(138). MS. Harl. 6966, p. 143.

(139). MS. Harl. 6966, p. 144.

(140). Dr. Archer.

(141). MS. Harl. 6966, p. 152.

(142). MS. Harl. 6966, p. 175.

(143). MS. Harl. 6966, p. 156.

(144). MS. Harl. 6966, p. 163.

Vol. XL/I/ (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part 11. t

146 Papers, fyc.

the state of the monastery, then vacant by the death of the late
abbat.145

He was probably a very aged man, and had been the head
of his house for eighteen years.

In July, Athelney received another abbat in the person of
John Wellyngton. He was confirmed in his office on the 27th
of July, 1503,146 and was installed personally in his prebend of
Langsutton on the 8th of the following month.147

On the 17th of April, 1506, John Fry was presented by the
abbat and convent to the vicarage of Long-sutton, void by the
death of John Dier.148

The abbat and convent presented John Syrnmys to the
vicarage of Lenge, void by the death of Richard Dale, on the
5th of December, 1508.149

In December, 1509, Abbat John Wellyngton was cited to
convocation with the other chief dignitaries in the diocese.150

On the 12th of August, 1510, Robert Macreth was presented
by the abbat and convent to the vicarage of Lynge, void by
the resignation of John Symmys.151

The pension of 40s. a year from the rectory of Selworth to
the abbat and convent, given by Sir Richard de Locumbe,
patron of that church, which, as we have already seen, was
confirmed by the good Bishop Savaricus, was paid on the 26th
of June, 1512, by the rector of the said church. It appears to
have gone into desuetude, but to have been amicably restored
without a recourse to law for its recovery.152

John Wellyngton, abbat, was summoned to convocation in
June, 15 14.153

(145). MS. Harl. 6966, p. 167.

(146). MS. Harl. 6966, p. 174.

(147). MS. Harl. 6966, p. 42.

(148). MS. Harl. 6967, f. 56.

(149). MS. Harl. 6967, f. 10.

(150). MS. Harl. 6967, f. 12.

(151). MS. Harl. 6967, f. 13.

(152). MS. Harl. 6967, f. 156.

(153). MS. Harl. 6967, f. 196.

Athelney Abbey. 147

He died at the end of the year 1516, for so early as the 7th
of January, 1516-7, Richard Wraxall, his successor, was con-
firmed in his office, and by virtue thereof was inducted into his
prebend of Sutton in the cathedral church of Wells.154

John And row was presented by the abbat and convent to the
vicarage of Leng, on the death of Robert Makreth, on the 27th
of September, 1519.155 And on the 27th of August, 1521,
John Mors was presented by the same to the vicarage of the
prebendal church of Longsutton, on the death of John Fry.156

On the 16th of December, 1525, William Majorensis Epis-
copus was presented to the vicarage of South Petherton, vacant
by the death of Christopher Gunmaldun, by John Herte,
Abbat of Athelney, and Richard Tomlyn, rector of Wryngton,
patrons for that turn, by the concession of William, Abbat of
Bruton, and his convent, to which that church was appropri-
ated.157

On the 28th of May, 1526, William Harte, possibly a brother
of the abbat, was presented by the abbat and convent to the
vicarage of Longsutton, void by the resignation of William
Chamberlayne.158

Abbat John Herte died soon after this occurrence, for on the
.2th of March, 1527-8, Thomas Sutton, abbat, and convent of
.theney, granted to John Ambros, bachelor of music, an an-

dty of 53.S-. 4d., issuing from their manor of Long Sutton, to

paid in equal portions at the four terms of the year. If not
paid within fourteen days after the times appointed, the said
John was empowered to enter and distrain on the aforesaid
manor. This grant was allowed, with arrears from the dissolu-
tion, by the Court of Augmentation, on the llth of November,
1540.159

(154). MS. Harl. 6967, f. 246.

(155). MS. Harl. 6967, f. 266.

(156). MS. Harl. 6967, f. 296.

(157). MS. Harl. 6967, f. 376.

(158). MS. Harl. 6967, f. 38.

(159). Decrees, vol. viii, f. 61.

148 Papers, Sfr.

In the month of January, 1529-30, the same Abbat Thomas
Sutton and convent gave to .John Chappell and Katherine his
wife a certain portion of bread and ale, and on the llth of
November following, to the same John and Katherine certain
lands and tenements in Long Sutton, of the yearly value of
£4.160

The next year, Athelney received another superior in the
person of John Maior. We have several orders granted by
him and his convent to various individuals. On the 6th of
September, 1531, they granted to John Horsey, of Clyston, in
the county of Dorset, Esquire, for good counsel already given,
and thereafter so to be, an annuity for life of 40$., issuing from
their manor of Longesutton, to be paid at Michaelmas. After
non-payment for a month he might enter and distrain. This
also was allowed, with arrears from the dissolution, by the Court
of Augmentation, on the 6th of November, 1539. 161

On the 18th of December, 1531, the same John Maior, abbat,
and convent, granted to Master William Englond, clerk, an
annuity for life of £11 sterling, issuing out of their manor of
Lenge, to be paid at Porlok at the four terms of the year, be-
ginning from the Lady-day following. Non-payment empowered
him to enter and distrain. Should they rescue or replevin for
such distraint, they were to forfeit the sum of lOO.s. totiens
quotiens by way of punishment. They put the aforesaid
William into full possession and peaceful seisin of his annuity
by the prepayment of 6s. 8d. This was allowed, with arrears,
by the Court of Augmentation, on the 5th of May, 1543.162

On the 10th of June, 1532, the same John Maior. abbat, ami
convent of Athengleye, gave to John Chappell and Katherine
his wife, in recompense and satisfaction and for the surrender ol
the lands, tenements, bread and ale before mentioned, an an-
nuity of 40«., issuing from their manors of Lenge and Athenir-

(160). Decrees, vol. vi, f. 104.
(161). Decrees, vol. vii, f. 164.
(162). Decrees, vol. xiv, f. 19.

Athelney Abbey. 149

leye, for the life of the survivor, to be paid at the usual four
terms of the year. Non-payment to empower the grantees to
enter and distrain. This was allowed, with arrears from the
dissolution, by the Court of Augmentation, on the 18th of
October, 1539.163

On the 23rd of September, 1532, the same John Maior and
convent gave, for certain causes specially moving them thereto,
to Sir Thomas Crumwell, Lord C rum well, an annuity of four
marcs sterling, issuing from all their manors, messuages, lands,
and tenements, payable at Lady Day and Michaelmas, to com-
mence from the Michaelmas following. On non-payment the
grantee might enter and distrain. Possession and seisin were
given by the pre-payment of \2d. as part of the said annuity.
This is clearly an instance of those compulsory payments which
this insatiate robber and most of his unscrupulous agents
exacted from the helpless victims whose entire destruction they
we're at the very time encompassing.

The grant was of course allowed with arrears from the
Dissolution, together with similar extortions from thirty other
religious houses, on the 23rd of September, 1532.164

On the 1st of October, in the same year, John Maior, abbat,
and convent granted to their beloved friends, Richard Phil-
leppes and Thomas his eldest son, for good counsel, the office of
chief steward of their manor of Caundele Purs, in the county
of Dorset. Also an annuity of 26s. 8d. issuing from the afore-
said manor, payable at Michaelmas, with entrance and distraint
)n non-payment. Seisin was given by payment of 4d. sterling,
'his, with arrears from the Dissolution, was ordered by the
Court of Augmentation, on the 8th of June, 1540.165

On the 13th of December, 1532, John Maior, abbat, and
convent acknowledged themselves bound to .John Newporte,
merchant, in the sum of £40 sterling, to be paid to the said

(163). Decrees, vol. vi, f. 104.
(164). Decrees, vol. vi, f. 1246.
165). Decrees, vol. v, f. 2236.

150 Papers, $c.

John or his assigns at Michaelmas, 1534. The conclusion
of the document is in the vulgar tongue, for the behoof of the
unlearned, and sets forth that " The condicion of this obligacon
is suche that if the above-bounden John Maior, abbott of the
monastery of Athelnej and his covent well and truly pay
or cause to be paid unto the abovenamed John Newporte
m'chaunte or to his assignes sevyn and twenty poundes and sixe
pence of good and lawfull money of Englond at the foresaid
day abovenamed that then this obligacon to be void and of
none eifecte or els to stande in his full strength and vertue."
The sum of £20 sterling in full recompense was allowed by
the Court of Augmentation, on the 15th of November, 1540.166

The reader Avill perceive that we have now arrived at days
when the clouds were rapidly gathering for the final storm.
John Maior, whose last act I have just related, was happily
spared the sight of the troubles that were close at hand, and
the abbey received its last superior in the person of Robert
Hamlyn, in 1533 (?). I have already in previous memoirs
entered so fully into the successive steps of the movement
against the religious houses, that nothing need now be added
except the particulars immediately connected with the com-
munity on whose history we are specially employed. The first
exercise known to me of the new abbat's office is his sub-
scription to the Declaration of the Royal Supremacy. This
was made in the ordinary form, and dated in the chapter-house
of the monastery of St. Saviour of Adoney, on the 17th of
September, 1534, and of the reign of the most invincible prince,
Henry VIII, the twenty-sixth. The signatures are placed in
four columns, at the foot of the document, and the magnificent
seal in a mutilated condition is appended in the usual manner.
The names of the community occupy the following order. In
the first column are, Dom. Robert [Hamlyn], abbat, John
Benett, John Laurens. In the second, Dom. Richard Welles,
prior, Henry Ponyngs, John Stephyns. In the third, Dom.

(166). Decrees, vol. viii, f. 94.

Athelney Abbey. . 151

Cuthbert Harvi, Robert Edgar e, Richard AliFrede. In the
fourth, John Athelwyn, Richard Athelstaun, Thomas Ansell,
and Thomas Genynges.167

On the 13th of the following January, 1534-5, Robert
Hamlyn, abbat, and convent granted to John Catcott, by the
king's special command, a delivery of one loaf of monastic
bread, one flagon of conventual ale, one dish of the kitchen,
and thirteen shillings and fourpence of lawful English money :
the food every day in the year during life, except Monday in
each week when the said John should enjoy it as one of the
household ; the money at Michaelmas. The said J ohn was
to hold and enjoy this grant as fully and entirely as William
Testede, and John Sanffurde had previously done. The said
John was at liberty to carry away the aforesaid delivery out
of the monastery whither soever he pleased, and to dispose of
the same according to his will without molestation from any
one. Of this indenture, which was legal proof of this arrange-
ment, one part was to remain with the said John, and the
other in the hands of the abbat and convent. The Court of
Augmentation allowed £4 sterling per annum in recompense
and satisfaction, with arrears from the Dissolution on the 8th
of November, 1539.168

At this time the value of the possessions of the religious houses
was taken, which resulted in the returns called the Valor
Ecclesiasticus. The total value of temporals and spirituals
then belonging to the abbey is set down at £209 Os. 3^e?., and
the tenth of the same at £20 ISs. 0±d.m

On the 10th of April, 1536, the abbat wrote to Secretary
Cromwell the following letter. It still exists among the
Harleian MSS. in the British Museum, and gives us a sad and
doubtless too true a picture of the pecuniary difficulties of the
house. The abbat says :—

(167). Ex. Autograph in Off. Rec.
(168). Decrees, vol. vi, f. 90.
(169). Valor Eccl.

152 Papers, §-c.

Honorabell & my Synguler good mast' my deuty co'syderyd
I lowly have me co'mendyd vn to youre good masterschepe
desyryng yow to be good mast' vn to me and to my poure
howse, co's'nyng the payments of oure detts that I may be out
of trobell & sutte of the la we, & I am co'terityd to leue as
pourely as ony ma' schaldoo, of my degre, to the yntente tha
eu'y ma' may be the soner payd, worschypfull mast' deuy
su' menys that thys my pettysyon may take effecte & I a
co'tentyd to abyde youre order y' thys behalffe. I truste
order me and my howse aft' suche a strayte facyon that 1 sc
make payme't of a hundret pounds ev'y yere. I have se
youre masterschepe a bocke of the detts & yerely fyes that m
poure howse ys chargyd w* whyche ys very moche. I hartly
desyre yow to take the paynes to ou' see hyt & to p' uyde su'
remedye & ye schal have our dayly payers, as knowythe God
who ev' have yow y' hys blessyd tuycon & send yow long lyffe.
Wrytyn at Athelney the tenthe day of Abryle.

By youre poure bedysma'

Robert abbot of Athelney.
Yff I cowlde have a f rynd that wolde lene me iiij or v hu'dret
pounds wtout ony p'phete or lucoure, I wolde gladly bynde me
and my howse for the repayme't of a hundret pounds yerely
vntyll the full sume be payde asstrongly as yt may be deuysyd
by the lawe. YiF I hade mony to make payme't I schulde
have inoehe mony remyttyd to pave the rest out of hande.

[Endorsed. Ye state of Athelney Abbey xth day of Aprile
1'res from the Abbot of Athelney.]

Thys be oure that folowyethe
Vn to the kynggs grace a hundret markes.
Vn to my lorde of glastonebury iiij schore & tenne pounds.
Vn to the abbot of donxwell iiij schore pounds.
Vn to Mast' sop' of Tanton xl li.
Vn to mast' phylyps of poule xxxij li.
Vn to the vycare of more xx li.
Vn to mast' Newport of brygewatt xxvij li.

Athelney Abbey. 153

Vn to John browne of ufcombe xx li.

Vn to s' phylype Jordyn pryst xiiij li.

Vn to thomas mors of northe curry e xlviij li. xvjsf xd.

Vn to s' rycherde Warre knythe Ix li.

Vn to John curie xxvij li.

Vn to one thurston mede vj li. xiijsf iiijd.

Vn to the churche of ylton vj li. xiijsf iiijd.

Vn to s' John maior pryst vj li. xiijsf iiijd.

Vn to the churche of curry ix li. & ode mony.

Vn to the churche of thurloxton v li.

Vn to John chapel of glastonbury x li.

Vn to master anstrayge of brystow viij li. and ode mony.

Vn to wait' yongge xvj li.

Vn to wyll'am pyrsse vj li.

Vn to John cheke viij li.

Vn to Nych'us browne of tanton xlijsf .

Vn to Ric' mychyll v li. xiijsf iiijd.

Vn to Robert kene xlsf .

Vn to Jone payne xxxiijsf iiijd.

Vn to one yu'y vij li.

Vn to barnerde of tanton xlvjsf viijd.

Vn to one moddyslye xxijsf .

Vn to John goldyssmythe of Tanton Isf .

Vn to Rogere bele xvijsf viijd.

Vn to Wyll'm collynggs xviijsf .

Vn to mast' smythe of brystow xxxvij li. vjsf jd.

Vn to the p'or of tanton x li.

Vn to the p'or of Saynt Joh'es of brygewatt' v li.

Vn to Wyll'm harte xxvjsf viijd.

Vn to John p'son viij li. and ode mony.

Vn to Wyll'm gredy vj li.

Vn to thomas alyn iij li. xiijsf iiijd.

Vn to Master gytson of london vj li. xiijsf iiijd.

Vn to s'gent thorneton ys exsecutours vij li.

Vn to one norma' xxxiijs^.

Vol. XLHI (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. u

154 Papers, §*c.

Vn to wyll'm brygge iij li.

Vn to oure vycare of welly s v li. vjsf viijd.

Vn to one Vsman xvsf .

Vn to snow of lamport iij li.

Vn to wyll'm pott xxsf.

Vn to John p'son of sotton xlsf.

Vn to mastres port' of som'ton xxsf .

Vn to a furrer of tanton xxvjsf viijd.

Vn to a sadeler of tanton liijsf .

Vn to thomas howes xixsf .

thes su'mys folowyng ys my detts that I borowyd at rny
fyrst comyng to athelney to paye my ordynary chargs w* all.
of my lorde of tauystoke xl li.
of Hie' mayow tauystoke 1 li.
of s' wyll'm courtenay xx li.
of Mr. s'uyngton of tauystoke xiij li vjsf viijd.
of John wyll'ms of tauystoke v li.

Suma tot1 viij hundret iij schore & nine pounds xij schyl-
lynggs vij pens.

thys folowewyng be the fyes & pe'cyons that oure howse ys
yerely chargyd w* all

Vn to my lord dawbeny cheffe steward xlsf .
Vn to my lord fyzwarryng xlsf .
Vn to Mast' secretory liijsf iiijd.
Vn to Mr. thomas clarke xlsf .
Vn to s' John horsey xlsf.
Vn to Mr. phylyppes of poule xxvjsf viijd.
Vn to Mr. sop' of tanton audyter xlsf .
Vn to Mr. cuffe under stewarde xlsf .
Vn to John chapell of glastonbury xlsf .
Vn to catecote for the kyngs corrody Isf .

al thos ar grontyd by couent seele before rehersyd.
Vn to s' John wadham knygthe xxsf.
Vn to the schereue xlsf.
Vn to the exchet', xvjsf .

Athclney Abbey. 155

Vn to Mr. portema' xxvjsf viijd.
Yn to Mr. penny att'nay xiijsf iiijd.
Vn to oure vie' of wellys liijsf iiijd.
Yn to the vie' of long sutton xvjs£ yn mony.
Yn to the vie' of leng yn mony by the yere xxxiijsf iiijd.
Yn to ambrose a syngyng ma' hathe by couent scale yerely—
liijsf iiijd. beyng at lyberte from the howse £ chargyd
w* no s'uyse.

Suma xxxiiij li. ijsf.

MS. Harl. 604, ff. 63, 63b, 64, 64b, al. 69, 69b, 70, 70b.

On the 6th of August, 1538, Robert Hamlyn, abbat, and
convent granted to John [Tregonwell], Doctor of Laws, for
good counsel already given and thereafter so to be, an annuity
for life of 40.?., issuing from their manor of Long-Sutton, to
be paid at Michaelmas. If the money remained unpaid a
month after that date, the grantee might enter and distrain.
Here we have another instance of shameless exaction of which
this John Tregonwell was notoriously guilty. It was allowed,
however, by the Court of Augmentation, with arrears from
the Dissolution, on the llth of October, 1539.170

On the 20th of the same month of August, Robert Hamlyn,
abbat, and convent granted to Richard Mahowe, the younger,
and Philip Mahowe, son of Richard Mahowe the elder, of
Tavystoke, in the county of Devon, the office of Superior and
Receiver General of all and singular their demesnes, manors,
lands and tenements with their appurtenances in the counties
of Somerset and Dorset, with full power and authority accord-
ing to the custom of the manor. Also an annuity of £5 of
lawful money issuing from their manor at Lenge, during the
lifetime of the survivor to be paid in equal portions at Michael-
mas and Lady-day. Non-payment for the space of one month
after these dates empowered the grantees to enter and distrain.
This was allowed, with arrears, by the Court of Augmen-
tation, on the 24th of January, 1541-2.171

(170). Decrees, vol. vi, f. 199. MS. Harl. 701, f. 1046.
(171). Decrees, vol. xi, f. 76.

156 Papers, fyc.

On the 20th of September, 1538, Robert Hamlyn, abbat and
convent, granted to Edmund Wynsore, for good service past
and future, an annuity for life of 20s., issuing from their manor
of Lenge, to be paid at Michaelmas. After non-payment for
a quarter of a year the said Edmund might enter and distrain.
Allowed, with arrears, by the Court of Augmentation, on the
4th of February, 1540-1.172

On the 10th of October following they granted to Alexande]
Popham, for good counsel past and future, an annuity for lif(
of 26.9. Sd. payable at Michaelmas : non-payment for tw<
months was to empower the said Alexander to enter and dis
train in their manor of Leng. Allowed, with arrears, by
the Court of Augmentation, on the 7th of November, 1539. 1;

On the 28th of the same month they gave to Edward Westoi
for continuous good and faithful service, an annuity for life
four marcs, issuing from their manor of Lenge, payable at th(
four terms of the year in equal portions. On failure of pay-
ment the said Edward was at liberty to enter and distrain. They
gave him seisin by payment of one silver penny. Allowed,
with arrears, by the Court of Augmentation, on the 8th of
June, 1540.174

On the 1st November, 1538, they gave to William More, for
good service, an annuity for life of 20s., issuing175 from their
manor of Lenge, and payable at Michaelmas. On failure of
payment, either in whole or in part, for a quarter of a year, the
said William might enter and distrain. Allowed by the Court
of Augmentation, with arrears, on the 20th of October, 154 1.176

Three days afterwards, the 4th of November, 1538, they gave
to John Montague, gentleman, and Richard Awstyn, vicar of
Northecory, the next presentation to the vicarage of the parish

(172). Decrees, vol. vii, f. 276.
(173). Decrees, vol. vi, f. 207.
(174). Decrees, vol. v, f. 2216.

(175). From "from their manor" to "20th of October, 1541," is scored
through with pencil.

(176). Decrees, vol iii, f. 49.

Athelney Abbey. 157

church of Lenge, whensoever by death, resignation, cession,
deprivation, exchange, or in any other way it should next be
vacant, for one turn only. This was allowed by the Court of
Augmentation, on the 2nd of July, 1539.177

This was the last act that I can discover as done by the in-
mates of the abbey previous to the final outrage to which they
were subjected. On the 8th of February, 1538-9,178 they met
in their chapter-house and surrendered their monastery into the
hands of their imperial persecutor. The names of such of the
brethren who signed the instrument appear in one column on the
left margin, and were : Robert [Hamlyn] abbat, Richard
Wells, prior, John Athelwyne, Henry Ambros, Robert Edgar,
sub-prior, John Laurens and Thomas Genynges.179 These, as
it will be perceived, are less by six in number than those who
signed the declaration of supremacy between four and five years
before. " Here I must observe," says Stevens, " that this
could not be so inconsiderable an abbey as to contain only so
small a number of monks, wherefore it is reasonable to believe
that a much greater number, abhorring so base an act as to
consent to the destruction of their monastery and to accept the
reward of their wickedness, were turned out to starve and per-
haps worse used."180 The pension awarded to the abbat was
fifty pounds a year.181 Stevens's supposition certainly appears
borne out by the fact that the sole pensionaries which appear
in the list in Cardinal Pole's Pension Book, 1556. are Robert
Hamlyn lli ; Robert Edgar c8 ; Henry Poyninges cs ; and
Thomas Genynges liijs. iiijd.

To the instrument of surrender is appended a very perfect
impression of the magnificent seal. It represents under three

(177). Decrees, vol. x, f. 245.
(178). MS. Lansd. 97, f. 3.
(179). Autograph in Off. Rec.
(180). Stevens's Abridgement, vol. i, p. 414.
[The real cause of the small number of monks was evidently the extreme

poverty of the house and the amount of its debts. — Ed.]
(181). MS. Harl. 6974, f. 356.

158 Papers, 8fc.

canopies, in divided compartments, our Saviour between S.
Peter and S. Paul, at full length and in erect attitudes. Our
Saviour bears on his left arm a mound or plot, surmounted by
a staff with a cross. The two apostles are represented with
their customary insignia, S. Peter with his keys, S. Paul with
his sword. Shields of arms occupy the right and left sides of
the saints. The legend reads— S1GILLUM COMMUNE

ABBATIS ET CON MONASTERII DE

ATHELNEY.

The property was again valued in preparation for its disposal,
and in the Minister's accounts for the year 1539 we have an
exact return of the state and value of every portion. The
several charges on the estates appear to have been paid, as
there are orders among the decrees of the Court of Augmenta-
tion for the liquidation of the claims of the Dean and Chapter
of Wells for an annual rent of 28s. 8d., issuing from the lands,
etc., called Saltmore ;182 and of the Archdeacon of Taunton for
an annual payment of 85. 8d., for synodals out of the church of
West leng.183

We will now see what was done with the spoil.

On the 7th January, 1543-4, the king granted to John Leigh,
esquire, in exchange for lands in Surrey, Kent, and Derby, and
£326 2s. 6d. of lawful money, the manor of Linge, in the county
of Somerset, with all its rights, members, and appurtenances,
formerly belonging to the Abbey of Athelney. Also the capi-
tal messuage, with appurtenances, called The Corte, in the
parish of Linge, in the tenure or occupation of John Curie, and
the tithes of corn and grass arising therefrom. Also a wood
or coppice, called Connyngath Coppes, containing by estima-
tion six acres, in the same parish, and the wood called Wal-
barough Wood, of seven acres, also in the same parish, and each
of them formerly belonging to the said Abbey of Athelney.
Together with this was the manor of Esse (Ash), formerly be-

(182). Decrees, vol. iv, f. 96.
(183). Decrees, vol. x, f. 354.

Athelney Abbey. 159

longing to the Priory of Taunton, with the rectory and church
of the same, and Esse Woode, containing eighteen acres, also
formerly belonging to the Priory of Taunton. Besides this there
were lands in Somerset, belonging to the Priory of Wytham,
and of St. John the Baptist of Briggewayter, the manor of
Wyllyton, belonging to the Priory of St. John of Jerusalem ;
and in Dorsetshire, belonging to the Abbeys of Abbottesbury,
Shirborne, and Cerne. The property belonging to Athelney
was valued at £92 13s. 6^6?., not deducting tithe ; and that be-
longing to Taunton at £23 6s. 5d., not deducting tithe. It
was to be held in chief of the king, at an annual rent for Linge
of £9 5s. 4^c?., and for Esse of 46s. 7 J</., to be paid at Michael-
mas. The grant was dated at Westminster, the day and year
above mentioned.184

On the 17th of August, 1541, the king granted to John
Clayton, or Glutton, gentleman, for the sum of £182 15s., the
site, sept, circuit, boundary, and precinct of the late Monastery
of Athelney, with all its rights and appurtenances whatsoever,
then or lately in the tenure or occupation of Sir John Tuchett,
Lord Audley, and all and singular the houses, buildings, gar-
dens, orchards, stables, dovecots, vineries, waters, etc., belonging
thereunto. Also all and singular the lands, tenements, meadows,
etc., in the parish of Ling, Seynt Michel] borowe, and elsewhere
in the county of Somerset, known or called by the name or names
of The Island, Mille Meade, Longe Meade, Under the Or-
chard, Litell Meade, Langmeade, Clyvesmeade, and Brandes-
meade, and two meadows, with appurtenances, in the eastern
part of The Dreve, and one meadow called Brodemeade and
one close by Brodemeade, two pastures in the north part of the
Dreve, called Hyculer, one close in the western part of Hyculer,
and one close of meadow in the western part of The Dreve
aforesaid, two closes of pasture called Cosyners Lease, one close
of meadow called Pypesmore, and two Willowebers, with their
appurtenances. Also the other lands called The Demesne

(184). Orig., 35 Hen. VIII, p. 3, rot. 98.

160 Papers, frc.

Landes of the said monastery. All these were to be held as
clearly, entirely, and amply as the late abbat had held them.
They were estimated at the annual value of £10 2s. 6^7., without
deducting tithe, and were to be held in chief by the service of
the fortieth part of a knight's fee, and a yearly rent of 205. 3d.
of lawful money, to be paid at Michaelmas. The grant was
take effect from the Feast of the Annunciation last past. Il
was dated, witness Katherine Queen of England, and generj
ruler of the same, at Hampton Court, the 17th of Augusl
1544.185

It would appear that this John Clayton obtained a licence
alienate the property to John Tynbere and his heirs in the fol-
lowing April.186 There is some confusion in the exact dates,
but it is certain that such a licence was obtained, though it
would not appear to have been acted upon. The localities are
identical with those mentioned in the grant just recited, with a
few literal variations in the names. Thus, Cosyners Lease in
the former is Cly verslease in this, and Pypesmore is Pypismore.

John Clayton was not permitted long to enjoy his perilous
property. He died in the parish of St. Clement Danes outside
Temple Bar, on the 2nd of November, in the same year. He
had no lineal representative, and his brother David, of the city
of Westminster, of the age of thirty-one years, his next heir,
succeeded to the estate. In the order to the eschaetor to give
him seizin, there are a few variations from the grant which
conveyed the place to his predecessor. Longmeade is said to
be by Clyvesmede, Brandesmeade is Braundesmead, Dreve is
Dreave, Willowbers is Willowberes, and Seynt Michellborowe
takes the more modern form of Seynt Michelles Borough.
The value is stated at £9 2s. 3d. in all issues. The writ cost
David Clayton half-a-marc, and was dated at Westminster the
16th of April, 1545.187

(185) Orig., 36 Hen. VIII, p. 3, rot. 100.
(186). Orig., 36 Hen. VIII, p. 6, rot. 60.
(187). Orig., 36 Hen. VIII, p. 1, rot. 19.

Athelney Abbey. 161

The subsequent history of the property, into which it is not
my province to enter, would only too well bear out the warn-
ing addressed by the good Archbishop Whitgift to Queen
Elizabeth : — " I beg posterity to take notice of what is already
made visible in many families, that church land added to an
ancient inheritance hath proved like a moth fretting a garment
and secretly consumed both ; or, like the eagle that stole a coal
from the altar, and thereby consumed both her young ones and
herself that stole it."

On the 13th of October, 1544, the king granted to William
Porteman, sergeant-at-law, and Alexander Popham, esquire,
and their heirs, for the sum of £754 17 s. Sd., the manor, farm,
and grange of Claveshey, with its appurtenances in the parishes
of Northepetherton and Bromefelde, and the capital messuage,
house, site, and capital mansion of Claveshey, formerly belong-
ing to the abbey of Athelney. Also the wood commonly called
Claveshey or Chalveshey Wood, containing by estimation ten
acres, and the wood called Holesey Wood, containing by esti-
mation five acres in Northepetherton aforesaid, and formerly
belonging to the late monastery of Athelney. In addition to
this were lands belonging to the Priories of Mynchin Buckland,
Taunton, and St. John of Bridgwater, for an account of which
the reader is referred to my histories of the two former Houses.
The annual value of Claveshey was estimated at £9, and the
annual rent to the king was fixed at 18s. The grant was dated
at Westminster, and, as stated above, on the 13th of October,
1544.188

On the 3rd of March, 1544-5, the king granted to Sir William
Stourton, Lord Stourton, for the sum of £1403 16s. OJrf., the
manor of Caundell Purs, with all its rights, etc., and in the
county of Dorset, formerly belonging to the Abbey of Athel-
ney, with woods called Abbottes Wod and Roughe Crofte
Coppes, containing by estimation six acres, in the same manor,
and formerly belonging to the same monastery. Other lands

(188). Orig., 36 Hen. VIII, p. 3, rot. 12.

Vol. XLIIJ (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II.

162 Papers, fyc.

belonging to various Houses in Dorsetshire accompanied the
grant. The manor was valued at £8 10s. 9d. a year, and was
to be held by the service of the twentieth part of one knight's
fee, and a yearly rent of 17 s. Id. of lawful money, to be paid at
Michaelmas. The grant was dated at Westminster, on the day
and year aforesaid.189

In the following year the king granted to Robert Thornhill,
of Wakeryngham, in the county of Nottingham, esquire, and
to Hugh Thornhill, gentleman, his brother, for the sum of
£1399 18^., certain cottages, tenements, burgages, curtilages,
shops, and gardens, in the burg called Michell Burough, in
the county of Somerset, in the tenure and occupation of Andrew
Pery, Walter Squyer, John Barker, Thomas Barker, Thomas
Clere, John Skorsse, John Mychell, John Kerell, John
Templer, and John Payne, formerly the property of the abbey
of Athelney. Also cottages, burgages, curtilages, gardens, or
shops in the vill or burg of Lamporte, or Langporte, in the
occupation of Thomas Pitney, John Maye, William Chilcote,
John Templer, John Glister, Richard Spencer, John Squyer,
Alexander Philypp, and John Bourne, also formerly belonging
to the Abbey of Athelney. With these were included enor-
mous tracts in the counties of Nottingham, York, Derby,
Lincoln, Stafford, Essex, Sussex, Hereford, etc. The Athelney
property was estimated as worth £4 155. 2d. a year.190 The
exact date is omitted from the roll, but it was in the 38th of
Henry VIII.

Such was the mode in which modern atheism requited the
work of long ages of faith and piety ! My reader will, I fear, I
have had more than enough of this, and I will detain him but
a few moments longer.

But before I conclude, I would add a few words respecting I
the various objects of archaeological interest, which are re- j
corded as having been discovered on and in the neighbourhood j

(189). Orig., 36 Hen. VIII, p. 8, rot. 25.
(190). Orig., 38 Hen. VIII, p. 3, rot. 32.

Athelney Abbey. 163

of the site. "In 1674, some labourers," says Collinson,
"employed by Captain Hacker, to whom the premises then
belonged, to remove part of the ruins, disclosed a very ancient
sepulchre of well wrought stone, containing the skull of the
deceased, the osilium, and a small fragment of cloth. The
inside of this receptacle was singularly contrived, the bottom
being excavated or scooped out, so as to admit the several
parts of the body. They afterwards discovered the foundation
of the ancient church which stood on the top of the hill to the
north-east, and there found bases of pillars, elegant tracery
work of windows, and divers pieces of sculptured freestone, still
retaining the marks of paint and gold. The labourers were
said to have likewise found at the same time a large spur of
gold, which they privately disposed of for their own benefit."
He adds, " About eighteen years since," that is about 1773,
"in digging up some other of the ancient ruins about sixty
yards from the present farm house, northward, the workmen
discovered a vault eight feet square and seven feet high, con-
taining three human skulls. The stone of the arch and side
walls being taken away, the cavity was filled up, covering the
skulls with earth. Fourscore yards from this funereal spot
stood a chapel, the ruins of which were removed about the
same period." It has been suggested that this building was
the oratory already mentioned under the date of the 19th
June, 1462.

Alfred's Jewel was found in the year 1693, in Newton Park,
at some distance northward from the abbey. It is a most
interesting example of Anglo-Saxon workmanship. A rude
figure of a person crowned (holding a sceptre surmounted by a
flower) on one side was supposed by Dr. Hickes to represent
St. Cuthbert. The other side is filled by a large flower. I
hardly need add that it is one of the chief treasures of the
Ashmolean Museum, to which it was given in 1718, by Thomas
Palmer, esq., of Fairfield, in this county.

Other objects of interest have come under my own observa-

164 Papers, tyc.

tion, several silver coins of Henry VIII and Elizabeth, and a
pilgrim's leaden ampulla, which one of the brethren may have
brought from Rheims, were submitted to my inspection several
years ago, by the courtesy of Lady Slade. A few fragments of
encaustic tiles, a magnificent boss of excellently carved foliage,
apparently vine leaves, the points of the leaves forming a cross.
Some segments of piers and set-offs of buttresses may still

seen in the farmyard and garden A few years since

very beautiful boss was in possession of the tenant, but has sim
been lost. It was of small size, and composed of foliage, the toj
of the leaves gilt, with blue and crimson in the depressions. Th<
designs on the tiles are invariably geometrical, or represent
tions of leaves and flowers. No heraldic bearings or figures
animals have been reported to me. These, meagre as they ar(
are the sole remains of the stately structure that once occupi<
the spot, but which has now departed, together with the systei
with which it was associated.

Such is the history of Athelney Abbey. A holy hermit, as
it would appear, first found a place for contemplation amid its
almost inaccessible shades. Afterwards — and even this is
separated from us, as I have already remarked, by the interval
of just a thousand years — the scene was ennobled as the retreat
of one of the best and greatest of his age and country. Within
the course of these ten centuries it has witnessed most, if not
all, of the phases that English society could successively pre-
sent. The gratitude of a fugitive and then successful king next
introduced a religious community which held it under various
fortunes until the days that brought destruction alike to it and
its fellows. Since then, as it would seem, it has retreated fur-
ther and further into the solitude of its primaeval state, and has
assumed characteristics closely approaching those which were
noticeable hundreds of long years ago. At present, notwith-
standing the proximity of the great iron road of our own
generation, it exhibits as little evidence of its former possession
as it did before it was so immortalized. At the moment that I

Athelney Abbey.

165

write the golden corn is waving over it, and bending to the
breeze that sweeps sharply across the surrounding plain, the
river yet rolls slowly by its side, and the chime of that melo-
dious peal which once made music far and near, is changed for
the monotonous and melancholy tinkle of the distant sheep-bell,
faint or full as the blast permits. Such is the scene under its
most pleasant aspect. While on many a day in the year's
course, when autumn harvests have been gathered, and winter
rains have come, its appearance is still nearer to its original
character ; and its olden tenants, were they to revisit it, might
point to the dreamy loneliness of its present state as an instance
of the truth of the declaration that " the thing that hath been,
it is that which shall be " ; and that " there is nothing whereof
it may be said, it is new. It hath been already of old time that
was before us."

Pbotograpfnc @>uttjep of tfce Countg
of

BY C. H. BOTHAMLEY, F.I.C., F.C.S., F.R.P.S.

THE importance of photographic surveys, by which is meant
the systematic collection of photographic records of all
objects of archaeological or historical interest within a given
area, is, I believe, already widely recognised. The question of
organising such a survey of the county of Somerset has been
brought before this society on previous occasions. Professor
Allen read a paper on the subject at the Crewkerne meeting,
and reference was also made to it at Wellington. After the
latter meeting I had some correspondence on the matter with
Mr. Elworthy ; but, although the attitude of the Council of the
Society towards the proposal was described as being sym-
pathetic, there was no distinct evidence that the sympathy was
of an active type, and the matter dropped for the time.

Quite recently, however, the whole question of photographic
surveys has entered on a new phase. Their importance has
been officially recognised by the authorities of the British
Museum, who have announced that they are willing, under
certain regulations which are still to be formulated, to take
charge of the results of such surveys, and store them in such
manner that the public can have access to them.

Moreover, a National Photographic Record Society has been
formed, under the presidency of Sir Benjamin Stone, to whose
influence the decision of the Museum authorities is largely due,

A Photographic Survey. 167

and it at present includes representatives of the British Mu-
seum, the Royal Society, the Royal Photographic Society, the
Society of Antiquaries, the Royal Archaeological Institute,
the Congress of Archaeological Societies, and other scientific
societies. Its object is to encourage the organisation of pho-
tographic surveys, to formulate rules and recommendations
so that they may be carried out in a fairly uniform manner
throughout the country, and to collect photographic prints
with a view to form a National Photographic Record which
will be deposited at the British Museum.

It seems clear, however, that though a national society may
do much good service by laying down general principles and
drawing up a model scheme, the actual work must be done by
local societies or by local branches of the national society.
Further, it will probably be agreed that, in addition to the
national collection in London, it is in the highest degree de-
sirable that there should be a local collection in each county,
in the custody of some representative body, municipal or
otherwise.

I venture to think that no associations can more appro-
priately take the initiative in organising the surveys of their
own districts than the county archaeological societies, where
they exist ; and if they have a local habitation, in some fairly
convenient centre, they may with equal fitness be the custo-
dians of the results. So far as Somerset is concerned, the
council of this Society some time ago expressed its readiness
to take charge of the results : the object of this paper is to
excite interest of a somewhat more active and productive
type, and to secure co-operation in the organising and carrying
out of the work. Results must be obtained before they can
be taken charge of.

If it is admitted, as I assume it to be, that a photographic
survey of the county is desirable, it will not be denied that
the sooner the work is undertaken the better. Many objects
of great interest are in constant danger, or are even being

168 Papers, §*c.

destroyed, leaving no record behind except possibly some
drawing which may do credit to the imagination of the artist,
but at the same time may have no value for the purposes of
exact knowledge. In Somerset many of the most interesting
objects in the architectural section are of a domestic type, and
these are the very places that are most liable to alteration or
destruction.

Taking both points as admitted, I propose to submit for
consideration some suggestions of a more or less practical
character, relative to the organisation of a photographic sui
vey of this county.

In the first place it is noteworthy that in many localiti<
and Somerset is fortunately one of them, a large part of th(
actual photographing has already been done : it only remaii
to collect (as far as possible), classify, arid catalogue th<
results. Professor Allen, as many members are aware, has
made a considerable number of negatives of objects of interest
in the county. The Rev. T. Perkins, formerly of Shaftesbury,
has photographed many things in Somerset, including most, if
not all, of the churches. I myself have negatives of different
parts of Cleeve Abbey. Villige crosses, too, have to my
knowledge already received considerable attention from two
amateurs in the county.

The county is, I believe, exceptionally fortunate in the
existence of a large number of negatives of subjects which
have since disappeared. Many of Professor Allen's negatives
are of this class. Archdeacon Ainslie, I understand, has a nega-
tive of the tower of St. Mary's, Taunton, before it was rebuilt,
and possibly he has other subjects of equal interest. In the
Society's museum there are prints from negatives of churches,
old houses, and the like, many of which have since been altered
or destroyed altogether. It is satisfactory to be able to say
that these latter negatives are still in existence and in good
keeping, and that permanent prints from them can be had,
though most probably they will have to be paid for.

A Photographic Survey. 169

It will readily be understood, however, that a great deal of
photographing has still to be done ; but, if it is to be useful for
the purpose under consideration, it must be done in a systematic
way. No doubt many active photographers who would be
willing to help in the work would be the last to lay claim to
any antiquarian knowledge. In order to ensure not only that
the right things are photographed, but also that they are
photographed in the right way, it is essential that, with the
co-operation of competent antiquaries in different parts of the
county, as complete a list as possible be drawn up of the
places and objects in the county that are best worth photo-
graphing ; and this list must also state the special features of
each place or object.

The preparation of such a list would naturally be the first
thing undertaken.

The next step will be to ascertain, as far as possible, what
subjects have already been done, and whether the particular
photographers are willing to contribute prints to the county col-
lection. This will involve not a little correspondence, and
also labour in arranging and cataloguing. It may also involve
some expenditure on the purchase of prints.

The third step will be to secure the help of as many photo-
graphers as possible, and to organise their energies, so that the
work still to be done may be got through rapidly. Now in
counties in which successful survey work has already been
done, there have been large and active photographic societies,
and the work has been systematised and carried out mainly
by these societies in their corporate capacity. In Somerset,
so far as I am aware, there is at present only one photographic
society, that at Bath, and possibly another may come into
existence before long. Probably, too, the Bristol societies
would help, so far at least as the northern parts of the county
are concerned. It is clear, however, that for some time to
come, prosecution of the work in Somerset must be dependent'
on the help of sympathetic individuals, working to a large ex-

Vol. XLIII (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. y

170 Papers, fyc.

tent independently of one another, and therefore with all the
more need for some central committee to prevent waste of ob-
vious energy. It is also clear that the organisation in a county
like this, where photographic societies are almost non-existent,
must differ from that in counties where such societies are suffi-
ciently powerful and numerous to carry out the work.

It is scarcely necessary to discuss technical details such as
the size of the prints, the processes by which they are to be
produced, and the like. Such matters can only be dealt with
by a committee of experts.

I have indicated very broadly the main divisions of the
work that a photographic survey of the county would involve.
It seems certain that it can only be carried out successfully
under the supervision of an efficient and representative com-
mittee, comprising both antiquaries and photographers. The
chief point that I have to submit for the consideration of the
Society is whether this committee shall be appointed and aided
by the Society. Some funds would certainly be necessary,
but the amount required would not be large, and it would
diminish as time went on. The chief expense would be on
account of printing and postages. Letters of enquiry would
have to be sent out, and certain schedules, forms, and cata-
logues would be indispensable. The only other items would
be the boxes or cases for storing the prints, and the purchase
of prints where they could not be obtained as gifts.

Whether the general funds of the Society could bear a small
annual charge for this purpose, or whether an appeal would
have to be made for voluntary subscriptions, is a point on
which I am necessarily quite unable to express an opinion.
If voluntary subscriptions should be necessary, I should yet
venture to hope that the Society, if it desires to promote
or encourage such a survey, would be able and willing to de-
fray the initial expenses, such as those occasioned by the pre-
liminary letters of enquiry and the drawing up and printing of
the list of places and objects. An appeal for subscriptions

A Photographic Survey. 171

could be made with much greater show of reason, and much
better hope of success, if a definite plan had already been
worked out, and there was reasonable probability of the work
being carried through.

Should the Society think it well to afford active support of
the character indicated, it would naturally follow that the
local collection of prints would be placed in the hands of the
Society. A duplicate set of prints would, one would hope, be
contributed to the national collection at the British Museum.

If, on the other hand, the Society should consider that a
Photographic Survey of the County is not particularly de-
sirable, or that it does not properly come within the scope of
the Society, it would follow that the work, if undertaken at
all, would have to be undertaken by an independent committee
or association. This would be a conclusion and a result
which 1 for one should greatly deplore, for the work could
not be thoroughly carried out without the aid of the special
knowledge which members of this Society possess, and it
would gain much by the direction and control which the
Society is specially fitted to supply. I venture to urge, there-
fore, that the subject is one which the Society might very
appropriately take up ; and I trust that a committee may be
appointed as soon as possible, so that though Somerset cannot
now be the first county to take up the matter, it may yet be
one of the foremost counties in initiating and completing a
work which, in the minds of many, is of considerably more than
local importance and interest.

3n Entientotg of Ctwrtf) plate in

BY REV. E. H. BATES, M.A.

IN the following pages an effort has been made to do for a
part of the county what the Society tried to do for the
whole some fourteen years ago. A printed form was then sent
to every parish to be filled up with an account of the plate,
marks, inscriptions, etc., in the hope that by means of these re-
turns a tabulated statement might be drawn up. But a certain
though small amount of technical knowledge was required,
and for lack of it the returns are useless. This is said in no
disparagement of the careful efforts made by the clergy to fill
up the form, supplemented in many cases by drawings and rub-
bings. But the conclusion is that no inventory worth the
making can be drawn up unless the inquirer has a copy of Mr.
W. J. Cripps' Old English Plate* The price of this work
(there is no other on the subject) has hitherto been a draw-
back, but now the Tables of Makers' Marks and Date-letters
can be purchased for five shillings.

The part of Somerset now inventoried is included in the
Rural-deaneries of Castle Gary and Merston, containing ninety-
six parishes and chapelries, ancient and modern. Next year,
with the help of the Rev. D. L. Hayward, of Pitney Lorty, I
hope to search the Deanery of Ilchester, and, if possible, that
of Frome ; between them they contain ninety-eight parishes.

* 5th edit., 1894; 21s., Murray.

CHALICES. XVITH CENT.

SOUTH BARROW,
1576.

WELLS CATHEDRAL (NO. l),
1573.

WESTON BAMPFYLDE,
1573.

HENSTRIDGE,
1574.

E.H.B.

scale

CHALICES. XVIITH AND XVIII™ CENTS.

p^»g^;

RIMPTON.
1637.

DITCH EAT,

MILTON CLEVEDON,
1717.

E.H.B.

scale

An Inventory of Church Plate. 173

From that point the work must be carried on by others. I
suggest that one or more workers should take up Ax bridge,
Glastonbury, and Paulet deaneries, which contain seventy-
eight parishes, and thus complete the archdeaconry of Wells.
Then, in another year, the archdeaconry of Bath (103 parishes)
might be printed. The archdeaconry of Taunton contains four
large deaneries, and would be taken in two portions. In the
Dunster district the Rev. F. Hancock, of Selworthy, has un-
dertaken to collect returns.

The different accounts should be drawn up in the same way
as the present inventory, on the ground that they follow the
lines of Nightingale's Church Plate of Wilts, which Mr. Cripps
pronounces to be the model of what such a treatise should be.

This scheme, though imaginary, is not, I trust, visionary, and
I can assure future workers in the field that if they meet with
the same ready assistance and hospitality which were granted
to me, which I hereby gratefully acknowledge, they will not
only be doing a good work, but also storing up many pleasant
memories. I must especially mention the Rev. W. E. Daniel,
who, while rural dean of Shepton Mallet, took the uninterest-
ing task of noting the plate of the modern parishes in his dis-
trict ; and the Rev. F. W. Weaver, who has helped me over
several genealogical stiles connected with the heraldry found
on the plate.

In south-east Somerset, the mediaeval period is represented
by a solitary paten at Pilton, date about 1490, and three coffin
chalices of base metal found at different times in the cathedral.
As some sort of compensation, the amount of plate of the Eliza-
bethan period is large ; out of the eighty-six ancient parishes,
thirty-five still possessing plate of the sixteenth century. The
change from chalice and paten to cup and cover was begun in
this diocese in 1572, though no official record on the subject
can be found (see W ELLS, Cathedral). A few parishes, Batcombe
leading the way in 1567, had changed earlier. The chronolo-

174 Papers, fyc.

gical list shows how rapidly the change was carried out ; as
after 1574 there is only a dropping list of names, closing with
the belated parish of Charlton Horethorne in 1603. A certain
silversmith, whose initials were I. P., got the order for the
cathedral plate, and for a large number of other places ; indeed
it would almost seem as if he had been appointed diocesan
silversmith, as his handiwork is found in thirteen out of thirty-
five parishes. His cups, even down to the smallest, have two
bands of running ornament round the bowl.

Besides other London marks, there are three of provincial or
rather local workmen. (There are no pieces with the Taunton
or old Exeter mark.) The cup at Weston Bampfylde bears
the mark of Laurence Stratford, of Dorchester, and this is, I
believe, the first instance of the mark being found outside his
native county. The cups at S to well (a strange pattern),
Keinton Mandeville, arid South Barrow bear an unidentified
mark of a five-pointed star. Six parishes in the southern part
of the district bear a single mark, — a circle filled with pellets
so as to bear some sort of a resemblance to a guelder rose. In
one instance the circle is found with a short stem, turning it
into a handscreen. This is on the cup at Charlton Horethorne
(1603),* and on the same cup, in another punch, are the initials
R.O. It had occurred to me that the owner of the mark might
be found at Sherborne, as the mark is always in the neighbour-
hood, but the difficulty had been to prove it. Now it was
easy. Mr. W. B. Wildman, of Sherborne, extracted the
following references in the churchwardens' accounts : " 1585,
Richard Orenge was junior churchwarden ; the year following
he was senior churchwarden. 1594-5, Mr. Orendge exchanged
half-a-crown of gold that the churchwarden received and
charged him fourpence for so doing." Mr. E. A. Fry, editor
of Dorset Records, clenched the matter by finding his will,
which is abstracted thus : " Will of Richard Orenge of Sher-

* The others are— Lamyat, 1572 ; Gorton Deuham, 1573 ; Alford, Black-
ford, Henstridge, 1574 ; North Wootton, Dorset, 1582.

An Inventory of Church Plate. 175

borne, Dorset, goldsmith, 10 May, 1605. Mr. Skarlett, minis-
ter of Sherborne, 20.s7*. ; poor of S., lOsh. ; 4 poor men of S.
who shall carry my corps to the grave, od. a piece ; men of the
Allmosehouse in ye town of S., 4rf. apiece ; to Thos. Norman
of Wynubm (?)* the house which I bought of Mr. Rydcoull
commonly called the Gatehouse in Sherborne in Cheape Street
having on the north side the house of me the said Richard
Orenge and on the south side the house of Robt. Cholmill now
in the tenure of John Cholmill ; the lease of my house at the
Green wherein now West and Doune do dwell to Ann Pither
dau. of my sister Ann Pither ; to Walter Norman son of Thos.
N. my best gilt salt and my great gilt covered cup ; to Walter,
Edith, Amy, Mary, Elizabeth, and Martha Norman 20 nobles
each ; to my sister Ann Pither £4 ; and to Anne her dau. £5
at marriage ; to Edmond Pither 20sh. ; to Christabell 30sA. ;
to Jane Pither 40,9/L My son-in-law Thomas Norman to be
executor. Mr. Thos. Swetnam and Mr. Laurence Swetnam to
be overseers. (The two latter are also witnesses.) Proved
24 Nov. 1606." It gave me the more pleasure to trace out the
owner of this mark as it had hitherto been believed, on the
authority of somebody in London, to be the Nuremburg town-
mark ; but now, though the craftsman must be conceded to
Dorset, we have the satisfaction of knowing that the cups were
not " made in Germany."

The seventeenth century was well on its way before we find
any fresh plate to examine, but from 1622 to 1640 a good
many cups and covers are found with an occasional flagon.
The broad paten on foot in addition to the cover of the cup is
first found in 1630, and was no doubt invented from necessity.
In this period there is much more variety in the pattern of the
cups, as distinct from mere difference in size, and engraved or-
namentation dies aAvay. The domestic plate of the period is mag-
nificently represented by the standing cups at Horsington and
i arlington, and by an elaborate saucer at Charlton Musgrove.

* [? Wynnbr'> i.e. Wlmborm— ED.]

176 Papers, §-c.

The civil war spared the parish plate chest, and the addi-
tions in the later part of the century are generally gifts and
legacies of patens and flagons. By 1700 the shape of the cup
had become simply ugly, a change not at all compensated for
by the increasing weight and size. A chalice at Redlynch,
c. 1670, fashioned after the meda3val pattern, is perhaps due to
the influence which tried to revive Gothic architecture at
Low Ham in 1669.

Of less usual pieces of the eighteenth century, a pair of
candlesticks at Bruton, a jug-shaped flagon at Lamyat bearing
ing an interesting dedicatory inscription, and a silver bason at
Sheptoii Mallet are the most noticeable ; salvers also are fre-
quently found. At present, the cups are if possible uglier than
before ; but since the middle of the century the mania for des-
troying or restoring churches (the difference between them
being as subtle as ancient Pistoll's between stealing and con-
veying) has extended to the church plate, and Elizabethan
and Jacobean cups are restored into ' Nettlecombe ' chalices,
before their absence is noticed. Would that the motto of the
Forsters of Northumberland were held by all guardians of
antiquities :

6 That which our fathers old

Have left us to possess,
Let us now hold

In all worthiness.'

Chronological List of Church Plate in South-east Somerset
the end of the 18th century.

MEDIAEVAL PLATE.
Three coffin chalices at Wells Cathedral. | c. 1490 Pilton, Paten.

CHURCH PLATK, IGxn CENTURY, AFTER THE REFORMATION.
1567 Batcombe, cup and cover. 1573 Ansford, cup (1).

1570 Holton, cover.
Pilton, cup and cover.

1571 Ashington, cup and cover.

1572 Cucklington, cup.
Larayat, cup and cover.

Brewham, cup.
Charlton Musgrove, cover.
Corton Denham, cup and cover.
Doulting, cup and cover.
Downhead, cup and cover.

An Inventory of Church Plate.

Ill

CHURCH PLATE, 16TH CENTURY, AFTER THE REFORMATION. — continued.

1573 Holton, cup.

Maperton, cup and cover.
Marston Magna, cup.
North Barrow, cup and cover.
Shepton Montague, cup and

cover.
Wells, Cathedral, two cups and

covers, flagon.
Wells, St. Cuthbert's, cup and

cover.

West Bradley, cup and cover.
Weston Bampfylde, cup and

cover.
Wheathill, cup and cover.

1573 Wyke Champflower, cup.
Yarlington, cup and cover.

1574 Alford, cup and cover.
Ansford, cup (2).
Blackford, cup and cover.
Chilton Cantelo, cup and cover.
Henstridge, cup and cover.
Preston Plucknett, cup and cover.
S to well, cup and cover.

1575 Keinton Mandeville, cup and

cover.

1576 East Cranmore, cup.

South Barrow, cup and cover.

1577 Chesterblade, cup and cover.

SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.

1603 Charlton Horethorne, cup and

cover.

1611 Yarlington, standing cup.
1614 Horsington, standing cup.
1618 East Cranmore, flagon.

1622 Batcombe, cup.

1623 North Cheriton, cup and cover.
Wyke Champflower, cover.

1628 Barwick, cup.

East Coker, cup and cover.
Templecombe, cup and cover.

1630 Wells, St. Cuthbert's, paten.

1631 North Cadbury, cup and cover.
West Coker, cup and cover.

1633 Barton St. David, paten.
Charlton Musgrove, saucer.
East Pennard, cup and cover.

1634 Charlton Horethorne, paten.
Poyntington, cup.

Shepton Mallet, two cups and
covers.

1635 Ditcheat, cup, flagon.

1636 Batcombe, cover.

1637 Hornblotton, cup and cover.
Rimpton, cup and cover.

1638 Wells, St. Cuthberfs, two flagons.
1640 Barwick, paten.

Castle Cary, cup.
1642 Goathill, cup.
1647 Upton Noble, cup.
1659 Poyntington, paten.
1664 Batcombe, flagon.

Poyutington, flagon.
1667 Wells, Cathedral, two patens,
flagon.

Gorton Denham, paten.
1675 Wells, Cathedral, alms dish.
1679 Croscombe, dish.

1684 Pilton, cup.

1685 Closworth, cup.
1688 Milborne Port, paten.
1695 Wincanton, cup and cover.

1697 Compton Pauncefoot, paten.

1698 Henstridge, paten.

EIGHTEENTH CENTURY.

1703 Stoke, St. Michael, cup and cover.

1704 Yeovil, St. John's, flagon.

1705 Wells, St. Cuthbert's, cup and
cover.

1706 Bruton, service of plate.
1709 Barwick, flagon.

1712 Wincanton, dish.

1713 Croscombe, paten.
714 Barwick, paten.

1717 Ashington, paten.

Milton Clevedon, service of plate.

1717 Trent, flagon.

Wells, St. Cuthbert's, paten.

1718 Evercreech, flagon.
Mndford, paten.
Stoke Trister, paten.

1722 Dinder, paten.

East Coker, cup and cover.
Sandford Orcas, paten.
West Lydford, flagon.

1723 Horsington, paten.
1725 East Lydford, paten.

1725 Lamyat, flagon.
Shepton Mallet, paten.
Templecombe, salver.

1726 Brewham, paten.

1727 Ashington, paten

East Pennard, cup and cover,

flagon.
Sandford Orcas, flagon.

1728 Compton Pauncefoot, cup and

Vol. KL1I1 (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II.

178

Papers, fyc.

EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. — continued.

1728 Preston Plucknett, cup and

cover.

1729 Wincanton, dish.

1730 Babcary, cup and cover.

1731 Dinder, cup and cover.
Doulting, paten.
Rimpton, paten.

1732 Ditcheat, paten.

1733 Milborne Port, flagon.
Shepton Mallet, flagon, bason.

1734 Horsington, cup.

1736 Sparkford, cup and paten.

1737 Pylle, service of plate.
Trent, cup and cover, plate.

1739 Lamyat, dish.

1741 Yarlington, saucer

1742 North Cadbury, cup and cover,

dish.

1744 JBruton, flagon, dish, candlesticks.
Evercreech, dish.

1749 East Cranmore, salver.

1750 N. Wotton, cup and cover.
1754 Cucklington, salver, flagon.

1756 Barton 8. David, cup.

1757 Redlynch, alms dish.

1758 Mudford, cup and cover.

1759 Batcombe, Plate.

Wells. St. Cuthbert's, two salvers.
1767 Cucklington, salver.
1774 S. Cadbury, cup and paten.

Stoke Trister, cup.

1776 E. Lydford, cup.

1777 Downhead, paten.
1783 Castle Cary, flagon.

W. Lydford, paten.
1786 Pilton, flagon.
1788 Castle Cary, paten
1793 Wells, Cathedral, candlesticks.
1796 E Lydford, cup.
1798 Wells, Cathedral, mace.

ARMORIALS.

Ashe, Batcombe.
Barkham, St. Cuthberf*, Wells.
Bayly. (?) E. Pennard.
Bourchier, Henstridge.
Churchey, Henstridge.
Dayes, Wyke Champflower.
Digby, Kilmington.
Farewell, Charlton Musgrove, Win-
canton.

Fox, Redlynch (crest).
Fox, Templecombe.
Gapper, Wincanton.
Helyar, E. Coker.
Jenkyns, Hornblotton.
Leofric Earl of Mercia, Lamyat.
Littleton, Lamyat
Malet, Poyntington.

Martin, E. Pennard.
Mattock. St. Cuthbert's, Wells.
Phelips, Charlton Musgrove.
Pitman, N. Cadbury.
Prouse, St. Cuthbert's, Wells.
Rilleston, Charltoa Musgrove, Win-
canton.

8. Barbe, Ashington (crest).
Salmon, (?) St. Cuthbert's, Wells.
Southworth, Wyke Champflower.
Strode, W. Cranmore (crest).
Symes, Barwick (crest).
Temple, Lamyat.
Thring, Hornblotton.
Weston, E. Coker.

Non-identified.
At Wincanton, one shield.

CASTLE CARY DISTRICT.

THIS district contains twenty-four parishes; of which eleven
retain the Elizabethan plate, though in two of them the cup
alone has been preserved. The standing cup at Yarlington is
the finest piece of plate, ecclesiastical or domestic, in the district.
ALFORD. — The Elizabethan cup and cover is by the Slier-
borne silversmith, Richard Orenge (see Introduction). The cup
is 7in. high ; the bowl has one band of ornament ; the stem uud

An Inventory of Church Plate. 179

foot of the cup have been renovated. On the button of the
paten is the date, 1574. The only mark is that of the maker.
A small flagon and paten, with the date letter for 1 824 ; both
pieces are inscribed : ' The gift of Mrs. Elizabeth Thring, for
the use of Alford church, 25th December, 1824.' Elizabeth,
youngest daughter of Will. Everett, Esq., of Heytesbury,
married John Thring, Esq., of Alford, and died 12th Decem-
ber, 1834. A small salver, centre gilt ; date letter for 1869.

ANSFORD. — This parish has somehow got possession of two
Elizabethan cups, unfortunately minus their covers. The ear-
lier one was made by I. P. It is 5fin. high; there are two bands
of ornament round the bowl, a band of intermittent lines round
knop, and a band of running ornament round foot. Marks :
2 offic. ; letter for 1573; I. P. — The second cup is a very
handsome specimen. The bowl is unusually tall and slender
in shape, with one band of elaborate ornament, the enclosing
fillets being hatched with ziz-zag lines. This belt, with the
knop, top of stem, and base of foot are gilt. The cup stands
7^in. high. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1574; maker's mark,
H.S. in monogram — Henry Sutton probably. A plain paten
on foot, 10 Jin. in diameter. Only mark, initials G.F., in oblong
punch, struck twice. This mark is also found in the adjoining
parish of Bruton, on a cup, dated 1706. Pewter: a small
salver, and a bason.

BABCARY. — A cup of the usual Georgian pattern. The
bowl, with slight lip, stands on a tubular stem, with rudimen-
tary knop, the foot circular, plain. Height of cup 6f in.
Marks: 2 offic.; letter for 1730; maker's mark, T.M., in
fanciful shield — Thomas Mason. The paten also serves as a
cover to the cup, and is therefore much smaller than is usual at
this date. Same marks as on cup. Another paten on foot of
very rude construction. It consists of a round piece of silver
plate, 4J in. in diameter, slightly concave, with two circles en-
graved round the edge. To this has been soldered a trumpet-
shaped stem, with flat feet, the outer edge of which has in the

180 Papers, £c.

course of time been bent upwards. There are no marks. Clos-
worth and Wheathill also possess patens of rude workmanship.
Pewter bowl in the church.

BARTON ST. DAVID. — Another cup of Georgian pattern. It
stands 8^ in. high ; with a U shaped bowl, slender stem, and
flat foot. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1756 ; maker's mark al-
most obliterated. A paten on foot, 7 in. in diameter. Marks :
2 offic. ; letter for 1633 ; maker's mark I.M., with a pig passanl
beneath in shield, (also found on a paten of 1630, at S. Cuth-
bert's, Wells). A pewter plate, 9J in. in diameter.

BLACKFORD. — The Elizabethan cup and cover are by Ri<
hard Orenge, the Sherborne silversmith (see Introduction). Th(
cup is 7| in. high, with one band of ornament round bowl ; bands
of upright strokes above and below stem ; the foot is plain. S<
is the cover ; on the button the date 1574. The only mark
that of the maker. A modern flagon of ancient tankard pal
tern, letter for 1872. A silver-plated paten.

CASTLE GARY. — The cup is of the baluster-stem type, of
which other examples are found at Poyntington and Upton
Noble. It stands 6| in. high, with a square-shaped bowl, rest-
ing on the baluster-stem and plain foot. Marks : 2 offic. ;
letter for 1640 ; maker's mark, I.G., with small mullet beneath
in heart-shaped shield. On the bowl are dotted the initials T%.;
on the opposite side R.M. partially obliterated. The first set
of initals probably refer to the family of Russ. A paten with
moulded rim, on three feet, 7^in. in diam. ; underneath i 1790.'
Marks : 3 offic.; letter for 1788 ; maker's mark, H. A very
large flagon, tankard pattern, engraved with sacred monogram.
Marks: 2 offic.; letter for 1783; maker's mark, I.E., in
oblong punch — John Robins.

COMPTON PAUNCEFOOT.— The cup is of the ordinary
Georgian pattern with cover. It stands 8J in. high. Marks :
2 offic. ; letter for 1728 ; maker's mark, TT, with flower above
(see Wincanton) — Thos. Tearle, whose mark has a crown above
the rose, but this seems to have been worn away. On the cover

An Inventory of Church Plate. 181

is this inscription : « The gift of Mrs. Mary Player, 1729.' A
large and heavy paten on foot, 9f in. in diam. Marks : 2 offic.
Brit, sterling; letter for 1697; maker's mark, W.A., with an
anchor between — Joseph Ward. Round the rim : ' The guift
of Mrs. Elizabeth Hunt, daughter of Charles Roscarrocke,
Esq., and wife of John Hunt, of Compton Pancefoote, in the
county of Summersett, Esq. : She dyed ye 13th of January,
1697-8.' A monument in the church corroborates this inscrip-
tion. A flagon, with the date-letter for 1861, inscribed : 'The
gift of Jane Husey Hunt, 25th November, 1864.'

EAST LYDFORP. — A cup, of what may be called the egg-cup
pattern, 6^ in. high, on plain stem and foot. Marks : 2 offic. :
letter for 1776; maker's mark partly worn away, only E
visible. On the bowl J.R. in monogram, the initials of John
Ryall, who purchased a moiety of the manor and advowson,
1761, and died in 1781 (Phelps.} Another cup of same shape
as the first, but the bowl is fluted and has a heavy band round
lip; the inside of the bowl is gilt. Marks : 3 offic.; letter
for 1796; maker's mark, W.F. in plain punch. Inscription
round lip : ' Presented by George Drinkwater Bourne and
Harriett Eliza, his wife, to St. Mary's church, East Lydford,
April 4th, 1866.' In this year the church was rebuilt on a
new site. A plain paten on foot, diam. 5J in. Marks : 2 offic.;
letter for 1725 ; maker's mark, W.S., with two pellets above,
and a trefoil slipped below in shaped punch — William Spack-
man. It is inscribed : ' Presented by Leopold Gust and
Isabel, his wife, to St. Mary's church, East Lydford, 4th
April, 1866.' A flagon and paten of plated metal, with initials
E.L.C.

HOLTON. This little parish has preserved its Elizabethan
cup and cover. The cup is of an unusual pattern, the bowl
being deep and rectangular in shape, while the band of orna-
ment runs round the lip, instead of the usual position of the
middle of the bowl. There are bands of upright strokes above
and below the stem ; the small knop having the egg-and-dart

182 Papers, fyc.

ornament. Height of cnp, 6 Jin. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for
1573 ; maker's mark, a hooded falcon. The cover, though a
good fit, has a different date-letter and maker's mark. Marks :
2 offic. ; letter for 1570 ; maker's mark, a bird's head erased.
A small silver paten, an offering by the parishioners, 1897.

HORNBLOTTON. — But for the absence of the distinctive
ornamentation, the 17th century cup would easily pass for one
of the previous century. It is 6| in. high, with a deep bowl,
and plain stem, with spreading foot. The cover is also very
plain with shallow depression without flange: Marks : 2 offic. ;
letter for 1637 ; maker's mark, P.B., with small figures above
and below. On the button of the cover : WF., WH., 1634.
A modern paten with sex-foiled depression, date letter for
1842, bearing on a shield : Erminois, within a bordure engr. gu.,
on a fess wavy or, bordered arg., three escallops of the second
(Thring) ; Imp. Az. a saltire engr. or, charged with four crosses
pattee fitchee points downwards sa. (Jenkyns). Crest, a cock
gu. charged with an escallop on breast and wing, holding in
his beak an ear of barley or. The Rev. John Gale Dalton
Thring of Alford, marr. 1811, Sarah, second daughter of the
Rev. John Jenkyns, vicar of Evercreech and Prebendary of
Wells. A flagon, with date-letter for 1853, bearing the same
arms. Pewter : a bowl with initials and date — ' H.R., R.H.,
A.D., G.W., 1717.'

KEINTON MAXDEVILLE. — The Elizabethan cup and cover
are of provincial manufacture, and bear the same mark as that
found at Stowell and South Barrow. The cup is of the same
pattern as that at the last-named place. It stands 5| in. high;
the bowl is slightly convex ; it has one band of running orna-
ment, the enclosing fillets being hatched. Below the bowl is a
band of upright strokes ; the knop and foot appear to have
been renovated. The cover is quite plain. The button bears
the date 1575. The only mark is an incused star with five
points. A paten on foot, diam. Sin. The edges of dish and
foot are decorated with egg-and-dart ornament. Marks : 3

An Inventory of Church Plate. 183

offic. ; and date-letter for 1819. In centre, sacred monogram,
within rayed circle. It is inscribed : ' Keinton Mandefield,
Somerset.' A plated flagon.

KIXGWESTON. — When the church was rebuilt in 1852, the
old plate was superseded by a chalice and paten of good
mediaeval design. There is also a flagon, of the tankard pattern,
with the date-letter for 1812.

LOVINGTON. — Two of the marks on the cup are obliterated,
and the two others are not in Cripps but from its shape I
should imagine it to be early 18th century work. It stands
6£ in. high ; the bowl is plain with a projecting lip ; the stem
and feet trumpet-shaped without any mouldings. Marks : ( 1 )
fleur-de-lys in shaped punch; (2) a monogram, perhaps T.C.
in shaped punch, but the lower part is worn away; (3) and (4)
quite gone. The cover is quite plain ; it bears only one mark,
W.P., crown above and pellet below in shaped punch. Cripps
under 1730, gives a mark almost identical, except that there is
a small rose between the crown and the initials.

MAPERTON. — An Elizabethan cup and cover by same maker
as that at Yarlington. The cup is 6 in. high ; the bowl has
one band of ornament ; at top and bottom of stem, bands of
upright strokes ; belt of hyphens round knop ; and egg-and-
dart ornamentation round foot. The ornament of the cover
is confined to a belt of strokes. The marks are 2 offic. ; letter
for 1573 ; maker's mark, a helmet in plain shield, not in
Cripps. This mark is also found at Yarlington.

A chalice and paten of mediaeval pattern with this inscrip-
tion : ' Given to the church of SS. Peter and Paul, Maperton, in
memory of Samuel Wildman Yates, 25 years, vicar of St.
Mary's, Reading, who died 7th May, 1862, aged 68.' An
alms dish inscribed : ' Presented to the parish of Maperton, by
the Rev. George Eveleigh Saunders, M.A., 29th July, A.D.,
1858.' The donor was rector 1857-1891. Two pewter plates.
NORTH BARROW. — An Elizabethan cup and cover by I.P.
Height of cup 5 § in. ; two bands of ornament round bowl ;

184 Papers, $c.

belt of hyphens round knop and foot. Round the cover a band
of running ornament, and on the button the date 1573. Marks :
2 offic. ; letter for 1572 ; makers's mark, I. P. A small dish
with raised edge, diam. 5 in. The only mark is a small oval
containing the initials G. A., struck thrice ; it is also found at
South Barrow ; not in Cripps. A pewter bowl.

NORTH CADBURY. — The earlier cup and cover are of the
type often found in the early 17th century, a larger and
plainer copy of the earlier type of Queen Elizabeth's reign.
It is 7in. high. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1631 ; maker's marl
in a shield, B.F., with a trefoil betw. 2 pellets below. The
bowl is inscribed : ' Nicholas Pitman, William Biggin, church-
wardens, 1631.' There is another cup, with cover, which
a heavy imitation of the earlier one. The cup is likewise 7ii
high. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1742 ; maker's mark, black-
letter, T.M., in punch ; Thomas Mann. The bowl is in-
scribed : 'Selm: Pitman GuE^r:,;i: 1742.' A large plain dish,
diam. 9| in. In centre, within mantling, is a shield, bearing
gu., a pelican vulning herself. Crest : a man's head affrontee.
Motto : ' Patria poscente paratus. Inscription round rim :
6 Deo et Eccles : de N. Cadbury Honoris Amoris ergo D.D.
W.P., 1742.' Marks, the same as on piece last described. A
jug very rudely manufactured ; query if really silver. Only
mark, a capital black-letter T, struck four times.

SOUTH BARUOW.- -An Elizabethan cup and cover. The
cup stands 5J in. high ; the bowl is convex in outline and
deeper than the usual type ; there is one band of running orna-
ment, the fillets being filled in with diagonal hatching. On
the button of the cover is the date 1576. The only mark is
that also found at Stowell and Keinton Mandeville, a small five-
pointed star. A small dish companion to the one at North
Barrow, and like it, bearing the initials. G.A., within small
oval, as the only mark.

SOUTH CADBURY. — The cup and paten are of late 18th
century pattern. The cup stands 8J in. high ; the bowl is

An Inventory of Church Plate. 185

plain with a wide lip ; there is a small knop on the stem. The
paten is on a foot, diam. 7J in. Marks (same on both pieces) :
2 offic. ; letter for 1774; maker's mark, in rectangular punch
the black-letter initials J.D., but the second letter is rather
doubtful — J. Denzilow. In churchwardens' accounts, for
1775, is this item : ' Reed, of Mr. Bailey it being a Gift
towards the Communion Plate £1 Is. Od.' There is no other
reference to the purchase, nor any reason why new plate was
required. A flagon of modern ecclesiastical pattern with the
date-letter for 1870, inscribed : '1870, A thank-offering, I.A.B.,
M.B.' — James Arthur and Margaret Bennett. He was rector
1866-90. His services to the cause of archaeology in the
county were invaluable ; see the ' In Memoriam,' in Som. Arch,
and Nat. History Society's Proceedings, vol. xxxvi, ii, p. 193.

SPARKFORD. — A cup and paten of Georgian period. The
cup is 8 in. high ; the bowl is deep with lip ; the stem has a
small knop. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1 736 ; maker's mark,
I.K., in shaped punch with a small ornament above partly
worn away. Under foot of cup, 6 W.C., 1737.' The paten is
simply a dish, 8 in. in diam. Marks : 2 offic. ; no date-letter ;
maker's mark, I.K., as on cup, but the shape of the punch is
rather different — Jeremiah King. A plated flagon inscribed :
'Sparkford Church 1867,' and a pewter bowl.

BUTTON MONTIS. — Cup and paten of Victorian era. They
bear the sacred monogram within rayed circle, and inscrip-
tions. That on cup runs thus : ' In memory of God's mercy
in having preserved the Rectory of this parish in the family
of his ancestors in unbroken succession from the days of Queen
Elizabeth, this cup and paten are given by Robert Leach
Esq., patron of Sutton Montis, 1 Aug., 1 839.' On the paten :
* Robert Leach Esq., patron of Sutton Montis 1839; W.
Burton Leach, Rector.' A plated alms dish inscribed : ' Pre-
sented to the Church of Sutton Montis by Mrs. Burrows 1 850.'

WEST LYDFORD. — The cup seems to belong to the group
which are also found at Goathill (in Milborne Port district,

•

of. XL1II (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II.

186 Paper s, §*c.

q.v.), Milborne Port, and North Cheriton. The date-letters
on the cups at North Cheriton and Goathill assign the group
to the early part of the 17th century, while the inscribed dates
would make them about seventy years later. The cup is 6f in.
high ; the bowl has a band of running ornament roughly
executed ; the stem and knop seem to have been renovated ;
the foot is plain. Marks : no official or date-letter ; a thistle
head in a punch with engrailed edge, not in Cripps ; and in a
rectangular punch two letters indecipherable ; this mark is
given twice. The cover is plain without a flange, but it fits
loosely on the cup ; on the button is the date ' 1706 ' ; it has
the same marks as the cup. A flagon of tankard pattern of a
reasonable size, standing 7J in. high. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter
for 1722 ; maker's mark, T.T., under crown — Thos. Teaiie.
The body is inscribed : 4 The gift of Robert Walker and
Thomas Pope to the Parish Church of West Lidford in Som-
ersetshire 1723.' A large paten on foot, inscribed with the
sacred monogram and ' West Lydford Somerset.' Usual
marks, and date-letter for 1783.

WESTON BAMPFYLDE. —The Elizabethan cup and cover
bear the mark of the Dorchester silversmith, Lawrence Strat-
ford, and are, I believe, the only examples found outside
Dorset county. The cup stand 6| in. high ; the shape of the
bowl is that of a truncated cone with the side slightly concave ;
there is one band of running ornament, the enclosing fillets
being hatched ; the knop is small ; round the flat of the foot
a small band of egg-and-dart ornament. The cover is quite
plain ; on the button is the date 1573. They each bear the
same mark, the monogram L.S., with a six-rayed star on one -
side and a small cross on the other. For the maker sec Cripp*,
p. 103, and Som. and Dorset Notes and Queries, iii, p. 282. A
paten, wholly gilt, on foot, 5£ in. in diam. It is quite plain,
and bears only one mark an escallop in shaped shield ; this
mark is given by Cripps under the year 1635, and the paten isi
probably of that period. A large pewter bowl, lOf in. across, I

YARLINGTON,
1611.

An Inventory of Church Plate. 187

inscribed : ' Weston Bampfyild, John Blandford Church-
warden 1789.'

WHEAT HILL. — The Elizabethan cup retained here is only
4J in. high, yet the maker, I. P., has found room on the bowl
for two bands of running ornament ; there is no knop on the
stem ; a belt of hyphens runs round the foot. The cover has
a band of running ornament ; on the button the date 1573.
Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1573 ; I. P. There is also a curious
piece of plate, roughly fashioned into a paten on a foot, 4 in.
in diam. The edge is turned up and scallopped. The surface
is ornamented with lines and beads punched up from the under-
side, dividing it into four compartments with a square in the
centre, and a row of beads round the circumference. There
are no marks, but 'R.C. 1674,' is dotted in on the plate.

Y ARLINGTON. — The Elizabethan cup and cover is still pre-
served. The cup is of the ordinary pattern, 5f in. high, with
one band of ornament round bowl, the enclosing fillets being
hatched. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1573 ; maker's mark
(same as at Maperton), a helmet in plain shield, not in Cripps.

There are no marks visible on the cover, which is of the
usual shape and quite plain.

There is also belonging to the church here a magnificent
standing cup and cover of the same pattern as the celebrated
'Edmonds' cup. As by the kindness of the Rev. A. J.
Rogers, Rector of the parish, a photograph of this cup accom-
panies the Inventory, a detailed description is unnecessary.
An account of the ornamentation on the bowl will be found in
the Castle Cary volume of the Som. Arch, and Nat. Hist.
Society's Proceedings, xxxvi, i, p. 64, but the derivation there
given, though ingenious, is not necessary to account for the
peculiar style of ornament. The cup is silver-gilt, 11^ in. high
to lip, and the cover with the open pyramid is another 7 in.
Marks: 2 offic. ; letter for 1611 ; maker's mark, A.B. in mono-
gram.

A saucer, the edge moulded into vertical flutings. Marks :

188 Papers, §v\

2 offic. ; letter for 1741 : maker's mark, F in shield for Wil-
liam Fawdery.

BRUTON DISTRICT.

THIS district contains nineteen ancient parishes and chapel-
ries. Elizabethan plate is preserved in eight parishes ; four
having cup and cover, three the cup only, and in one the cover
alone remains.

BATCOMBE. — The Elizabethan cup, with cover, is several
years earlier than any other post-Reformation plate in the dis-
trict, being dated 1567. It is a fine specimen, parcel-gilt,
7J in. high. Round bowl is a single band of running orna-
ment ; above and below the stem are bands of diamond shaped
figures ; on the spread of the foot egg-and-dart ornament.
The cover is quite plain. Marks; 2 offic. ; letter for 1567;
maker's mark, H.W., with pellet above and below, also found
at Pilton, 1570.

Another cup and cover of the early Stuart period. This is
also a fine specimen, 8T\ in. high, with elaborately moulded
foot. Marks : 2 offic. : letter for 1622 ; maker's mark, T.F.,
in monogram. Round bowl an inscription : ' A Communion
cupe for ye Perrishe of Batcombe, Griuen by James Aishe,
clothier, 1622.' \_see post]. The cover is not contemporary,
quite plain with shallow depression within rim. Marks: 2 offic.;
letter for 1636 ; maker's mark, doubtful, rather like the head
of a mace, or perhaps a spur, not in Cripps.

A large flat-topped flagon of tankard pattern, holding by
actual measurement five pints, spreading foot, height 1H in.
Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1664; maker's mark, B in shield,
two stars above and one below, not in Cripps. On front of
bowl, surrounded by mantling, is a shield bearing : two chev-
ronels. Crest, a cockatrice. Inscription: ' Ecclesiae de Bat-
combe, D: D: D. Jacobus Ashe de Westcombe Armiger An0
Dom1 1645,'

An Inventory of Church Plate. 189

James Ashe of Westcombe in Batcombe gent., by his will,
dated 16th Nov., 1642, proved 6th May, 1646, gave to 'my
parish church of Batcombe, £16, for a silver flagon for the
Communion Table.' Brown's Wills, 3rd ser. p. 46. The ex-
ecutors seem to have held their hands until more settled times.
A plate, 9J in. in diameter, in centre sacred monogram,
within ornamented circle. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1759 ;
maker's mark partly worn away : in cursive writing M, and
probably F, pellet below in plain shield — Mordecai Fox. On
under side this incription : ' Presented to Batcombe Church,
Somerset, by Mrs. Elizabeth Coney, widow of the late Rev.
Thomas Coney, LL.B., for upwards of 50 years rector of the
parish, Easter, 1843."

BRATTON ST. MAUR. — The only articles in use here are a
cup inscribed ' Bratton Communion Service ' and paten, of
plated metal.

BREWHAM. — An Elizabethan cup minus its cover. The
3owl is almost straight sided, with one band of ornamentation.
The foot has a band of intermittent lines or hyphens. Height
in. Marks: 2 offic.; letter of 1573; maker's mark, I. P.
(sec Introduction). Under foot is a modern inscription : ' The
hurch of St. John Baptist, Brewham.'

Plain paten on foot ; ornamented with sacred monogram
within rayed circle, and inscribed ' Gratitud : ergo : E. Hick-
man.' Under foot : ' Given to the Church of St. John Baptist,
Brewham, M.B.D., 1875.' Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1726 ;
maker's mark, initials G.S., i.e. Gabriel Sleath. A flagon,
with Sheffield marks for 1874. Underneath this inscription :
' Given to the church of S. John Baptist, Brewham, C.C.D.'
The initials on the flagon and paten are those of members of
the family of Dampier, who formerly lived at Colinshayes in
this parish. The Rev. John Dampier, M.A., was vicar 1828-
1842. M.I. in chancel.

BRUTON. — The plate here is almost superbundant in number
and weight, being the result of three donations in the 18th
century.

190 Papers, fyc.

Donation No. 1 consisted of two cups with covers, a large
paten, and a flagon. The only mark is that of the maker, the
initials G.F., in rectangle. This mark is also on a paten at
Ansford. On the drum of the flagon within rayed circle is
this inscription : ' Given by Mrs. Grace Wason, for the use of
the Church in 1706.' Bruton Reg., < 14th June, 1685, Mr.
Thos. Wason and Mrs. Grace Sampson were married.' Th<
cup is 8 in. high, the bowl straight-sided with unusually wid<
lip, in the middle of the stem a large clumsy knop, and a wide
foot. The cover is quite plain with a flange round rim. Th<
two cups are exactly alike, and the pair with the covers weigl
37 oz., 2 dwt., 1 gr. The paten is 11 \ in. in diameter an(
weighs 23oz., 1 dwt., 1 gr. The flagon of hammered silver is
of the tankard type with flat lid, 11 in. high; it weighs 38 oz.,
2 dwt. The maker's mark is also found at Poulshot, Will
1707.

Donation No. 2, provided another flagon, exactly like the
earlier one, but rather heavier, weighing 41 oz., 16 dwt.
Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1744 ; maker's mark, initials T.W.,
i.e. Thomas Whipham ; also an alms dish, quite plain, 10| in.
across. Marks: 2 offic.; letter for 1744; maker's mark,
initials J.G. in black-letter — James Gould. Both pieces bear
the inscription : ' The gift of Mr. Richd. Wood for the use of
the Church in Brewton, 1744.' He was churchwarden 1702.
Phelps in Modern Somerset gives his M.I. : ' In memory of
Mr. Richard Wood, who died 15th December, 1749, aged 82
years ; who gave to the use of this church one chandelier, and
part of the communion plate.'

Donation No. 3, took the rather unusual form of a pair of
silver candlesticks. They are very handsome in appearance,
with ornamentation of cherub's heads and acanthus leaves.
Height 13| in. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1744 ; maker's
mark, G.H., i.e., George Hindmarsh. Round the base runs an
inscription: 'The gift of Mr. John Gilbert, to Brewton
Church, 1744.' In 1720, 28th Nov., Mr. John Gilbert mar-

An Inventory of Church Plate. 191

ried Elizabeth Sampson, relative of donor No. 1. The Gilbert
family were originally at Witcombe, in Gorton Denham.
Leland wrote that e Mr. Gilbert a gentilman hathe a poore
mansion house by south east of the very rootes of Camallet.'
A branch seems to have settled at Bruton in the reign of
Elizabeth. The will of Nicholas Gylbarte, gent, of Bruton
and Wichhampton, Dorset, was proved, 2nd August, 1566.
This settlement at Bruton may not be unconnected with the
fact that William Gylbert was prior and abbot of that place,
1498-1533. [Introduction to Bruton Cartulary by Kev. F.
W. Weaver, S.R.S. viii, p. xliii, seq.]

CHARLTON MUSGROVE. — The Elizabethan cup has vanish-
ed, leaving the cover behind. This is of the ordinary pattern,
but very small, 2J in. diameter ; on the button of the foot is
engraved the date, 1573. This is very lucky as the date-letter
is quite obliterated and the maker's mark nearly so ; it looks
somewhat like a thistle head. The 2 offic. marks are visible.
There are two cups of this century ; the earlier one of the
Norwich pattern, parcel gilt, with letter for 1819, and inscribed
underneath : ' A gift to the Parish Church of Charlton Mus-
grove 1820' ; the other bears the Sheffield marks and letter for
1868, and this inscription ; ' Presented by the Kev. L. C.
Davis, Rector, to the Parish Church of Charlton Musgrove,
June the 30th, 1873.' He was rector of Charlton Musgrove,
1864-1876. A modern flagon of usual design, with the
Sheffield marks for 1844.

The most interesting piece here is undoubtedly a small
saucer of the time of Charles I. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for
1633 ; maker's illegible. Diam. 5| in. ; it has two small han-
dles formed as escallop shells ; the interior is divided by raised
lines into compartments, each with a punched ornamentation.
In the centre within a circle is a shield bearing : a chevron
between three roses (Phelips), imp. quarterly, one and four, a
saltire (Rilleston), two and three, a chevron between three
escallops (Farewell). The details of this shield are quite in

192 Papers, §*c.

order, and it is apparently some alliance of the Phelips or
Wadham families; but the effort to find out the 'femme'
quarterings, enables me to say that the whole shield is in reality
reversed by the error of the engraver in copying direct from
the seal, and not from an impression, and that the heraldry is
really that of the Farewells, of Holbrooke Grange, in this
parish. Phelps, under South Cadbury, gives a shield on the
monument of the Rev. George Farewell, as quarterly, one and
four a chevron between three escallops ; two and three a saltire,
imp. Dawe of Ditcheat ; and a plate at Wincanton (see post)
has the same quartered shield. The arms in the first and fourth
are those of Farewell, and in the second and third Rilleston of
Rilleston in Yorkshire.* Then the impaled coat is Phelips of
Montacute. John Farwell of Holbrooke married 7th January,
1561-2, Ursula, daughter of Thomas Phelips, of Montacute."t
He was buried at Charlton Musgrove, 12th March, 1615 [Par.
Reg.]. If this piece of plate was given in his widow's life-
time, or soon after her death, Ursula must have lived to the
age of 90.

There is also a small plated salver, and a pewter bowl in the
church.

CHESTERBLADE. — A chapelry attached to Evercreech. It
preserves its Elizabethan cup with cover, of a rather later date
than is usual in this diocese. Marks (same on both pieces) :
2 offic. ; letter for 1577 ; maker's mark, H, charged with an
arrow paleways, barb downwards ; a mark also found in Wilts.
The cup stands 7in. high ; the bowl is straight-sided and deep,
with two bands of ornament. The knop and feet have bands
of hyphens, which are also found on the cover.

Also two plates and a flagon, plated.

CUCKLINGTON. — A small Elizabethan cup, minus its cover.
Marks: 2 offic.; letter for 1572; maker's mark, I. P., in shield
(v. Introduction). The cup stands 6 in. high; the bowl is al-

* Communicated by G. Farwell, Esq., Q.C., of Lincoln's Inn.
t Montacute Reg.

An Inventori/ of Church Plate. 193

most trumpet-shaped, widening out just below the lip ; round it
are two bands of running ornament. The knop and foot have
bands of hyphens.

The flagon and a salver were a present. They both bear
this inscription : ' To the glory of God and the use of the in-
habitants, of the parish of Cucklington, at the Holy Com-
munion, the gift of Nathl. Dalton Rector and Catherine his
wife A.D. 1755.' The flagon is of the tankard type with wide
spreading foot. It is exactly one foot high, and the foot is 7J
in. across. Marks ; 2 offic. ; letter for 1754 ; maker's mark
(partly worn away), W and perhaps G, in wMch case the initials
stand for Will. Grundy. The salver is 8f in. across, with
gadrooned edge. Marks : same as on flagon except the maker's
which are w^fs within a cross patee, i.e.. Will. Shaw and Will.
Priest.

There is also another salver, same size as the other, but the
gadrooned edge does not follow the same pattern. Marks :
2 offic; letter for 1767 ; maker's mark, W.P. and J.P., divided
by a cross with wavy arms, i.e., Will, and James Priest. The
salver is inscribed : ' To the glory of God and the use of the
inhabitants, of the parish of Cucklington, at the Holy Com-
munion, the gift of Catharine Dalton, widow of Nath1 Dalton,
the late Rector A.D. 1767.' Nathaniel Dalton was the only
surviving son of Nathaniel Dalton and Mary, daughter and
(eventually) heiress of Hugh Watts, of Shanks House, in this
parish. He succeeded his father as rector in 1706, and held
the living for sixty years. His widow was a daughter and
coheiress of Henry Dirdoe, of Milton House, parish of Gil-
lingham, Dorset. She survived him for five years and was
buried 23rd October, 1771.

EVERCREECH. — The cup with its cover is of an unusual
shape, and as there are no marks visible, it is not easy to de-
termine its date. It stands 7^ in. high, and 4^ in. wide at lip
of bowl, which is slightly concave in outline. The lower part
of the bowl is covered with spiral flutings below a band of

Vol. XLIJ1 (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part If. bb

194 Papers, j-c.

crescent-shaped marks. The stem is nondescript, the knop
very thick and clumsy, the upper part covered with spiral
flutings in imitation of the bowl. The foot is flat, the sides
are ornamented with straight flutings. The paten is flat,
decorated like the foot of the cup ; the button bears this in-
scription : "This bowl was Repaired in the year 1702 Mr
Afnbs Turner & Lauz™* Salmon Churchward8-' In Night-
ingale's Church Plate of Dorset, there is an engraving of a
cup at Swanage, which much resembles the one at Evercreech,
but it is more elaborate in detail. This is dated 1692. The
worst part about the Evercreech 'bowl ' is the stem, and this
may have been broken and roughly mended.

A very large flagon of the tankard pattern. Marks : 2 of
Brit, sterling, letter for 1718, and maker's mark initials BA. —
Richard Bayley. It bears this inscription : fc Mrs. Susanna
Hayward widw gave this Flaggon to Evercreech Church
1719.' The donor was the widow of John Hayward, gentle-
man, of Bagbury in this parish.

A small dish with gadrooned edge, on three feet ; it bears
the sacred monogram and an inscription : ' The gift of Mrs.
Ann Wood the wife of Mr. Richard Wood of Brewton for the
use of the Church of Evercreech 1744.' [For Mr. R. W. see
under Brewton in this Deanery.] Marks : 2 oflic ; letter for
1744 ; maker's mark, the initials I.S. within an oval. Cripps
gives a mark exactly like this except that it has a ring of
pellets round the letters. This mark is also found at Shepton
Mallet.

A modern chalice, paten, and almsdish, of medieval design,
bearing the inscription : ' Hanc Chalicem (Patinam, Elemosy-
narium) in usum fidelium in aede Sancti Petri ad pagum Ever-
creechiensem convententium donum dedit Carolus Ghialtentfl
A. Napier B.A. vicarius A.D. 1844.'

KILMINGTON. — The plate here is modern. A cup and
paten with the letter for 1806. The cup stands 7| in. high ;
it is a handsome piece with ornamentation of oak leaves. On

An Inventory of Church Plate. 195

the bowl are the Digby arms, a fleur-de-lys, and the following
inscription, which also appears on the paten : 'E dono Caroli
Digby A.M. Rectoris Kilmington, Anno Domini 1806.' The
Donor was Rector of Kilmington, 1767 to 1811.

A flagon of modern ecclesiastical design with the letter
for 1864.

L AMY AT. — The plate here is interesting. An Elizabethan
cup and cover, made by R. Orenge of Sherborne, and bearing
his mark (see Introduction). The cup is 7| in. high ; there is
one band of the distinctive ornament round the bowl, on the
lip of which is the date 1572. The cover bears the same
mark, but on the button is the date 1681, which must be either
the date of repair, or perhaps replacement of that part. Then
there is a flagon of the less usual jug or round-bellied type.
This pattern ceased to be used for ecclesiastical purposes after
the Restoration, but remained in secular service much later, as
the date-letter testifies. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1725 ;
B.N. in heart-shaped shield i.e. Bowles Nash. It stands 9J in.
high and is very heavy. It bears this inscription : ' The Revd
Trethewy Tooker 1746 did upon his Death Bed Devote this
Present of Sr Thomas Littleton to him to the Communion
Service in the Parish Church of Lamyeat.' Coat of arms : a
chevron between three escallops sa. (Littleton) imp. quarterly
first and fourth an eagle displayed (Leofric, Earl of Mercia) ;
second and third two bars each charged with three martlets
(Temple). Supporter (on dexter side only), a merman hold-,
ing a trident. These are the arms of Sir Thos. Littleton of
Frankley, co. Worcester, M.P., lord of the Admiralty 1727,
and of his wife Christian, daughter of Sir Richard Temple of
Stowe. Their eldest son George was created Lord Lyttleton,
1757.

Trethewy Tooker, son of James Tooker of Midsomer Nor-
ton, gentleman (Collinson ii, p. 151), matriculated at Christ
Church, Oxford, 4th April, 1691, aetat sixteen. He was Rector
of Wheathill for less than a year, and became Rector of

196 Papers, §r.

Buckland, Gloucester, 1714. An entry in the Lamyat reg-
isters explains his occupation in the interval, and his con-
nection with this parish : ' 1705 4th May — Buried Francis
wife of Trethewy Tpoker, minister of Pilton, and daughter of
Judah Horsington of Lamyat.'

A small dish with moulded edge on three feet. Diamet
5§ in. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1739 ; maker's ma
J.M.y in shaped punch — James Morison. On under-side thi
inscription: 'The gift of Mrs. Anne Pitney 1740.' In paris
register, 'Mrs. Ann Pitney, buried 10 Nov. 1764, wido
of Rev. Mr. Pitney of this parish.' They were an old ye
man family who lived in a house near the church : over th
door is a stone with the initials M.A.P. (the P above th
M.A.), 1718. A Matthew Pitney, son of MattheAv a
Frances was baptized 10 Dec. 1665, and became a member
Wadham College, 1682. He took the degree of B.A., 1687.
He was never incumbent of this parish, nor is it known what
cure he did hold. [Communicated by Rev. H. C. Guyon,
Rector].

MILTON CLEVEDON, — The plate — cup with cover, paten
and flagon — was given early in the eighteenth century ; it is a
striking example of the fashion of that period. The maker was
Paul Lamerie, who stood at the head of the trade at that time.
All the pieces are silver-gilt of Britannia sterling ; they bear
the 2 offic. marks, the letter for 1717, and the letters L.A.
between a crown and a small cross. The cup stands lOf in.
high, and, with the domed cover, 13 in. The deep bowl, en-
circled by a projecting band or rib, stands on an elongated
stem with a peculiar kind of knop halfway down. The moulded
foot is 5 in. in diameter. The paten is a plain dish on foot 8 in.
wide. The flagon is of the ordinary tankard pattern, with
wide spreading foot, 12| in. high. They all bear this inscrip-
tion : ' The gift of Mrs. Strangways to ye Church of Milton
ye 25th of December in ye year of our Lord 1717.' The donor
was Susannah (1660-1718), daughter and heiress of John

An Inventonj of Church Plate. 197

Ridout, Esq., of Milton Clevedon, and wife of Thomas Strang-
ways, Esq., of Melbury Park, Dorset. They had, with other
children, Susannah, who married Thomas Horner, Esq., of
Mells : Elizabeth, their only surviving child, became the wife
of Stephen Fox, Earl of Ilchester. Mrs. Strangways, her
daughter Mrs. Horner, and her husband's niece. Miss Judith
Ayliffe, of Foxley, Wilts, were all customers of Paul Lamerie,
who made to their orders church plate for several parishes in
Wilts, Dorset, and Somerset.

PENSELWOOD. — All modern. A cup, parcel-gilt, with date
letter of 1843. A paten, bearing in centre a cross standing on
pile of rocks, and the sacred monogram, of same date. A glass
cruet with silver mountings, 1895. A plated flagon.

PITCOMBE. — Again all modern. A cup (parcel-gilt) and
paten, letter for 1857, bearing inscription: 'Church of St.
Leonard's Pitcombe 1858.' A flagon, under foot inscribed :
4 1842 Pitcombe Parish the gift of the Right Honourable
Henry Hobhouse.' For some account of the donor see Records
of Yarlington, p. 11. Two alms dishes of plated metal in-
scribed : ' For God and the Poor.' Underneath, the same
inscription as on the cup, and the initials V.P.T., i.e., Vernori
Pearce Taylor, who was vicar of Pitcombe with Wyke Champ-
flower, 1846-1880, when he resigned. Dying in 1890, he was
buried in Pitcombe churchyard, M.I.

REDLYNCH. — A chapelry annexed to Brewham. It possesses

very interesting post-mediaeval chalice with cover. This
ihalice stands 9 in. high. The diameter of bowl at lip is 4 in.

id its depth 3| in. ; it is almost straight sided. The stem is
lexagonal with an angular knop in the middle ; at the base of
the stem is a flange ; underneath, the sides of the stem spread
out to form a foot with rounded lobes. The cover has no re-
semblance to a mediaeval paten, but is of the ordinary type,
with a foot on which is a small ball. The weight of the chalice
and cover is 29 oz. 12 dwt. A large plain paten on foot,
measuring 8J in. across, and weighing 18 oz. 4 dwt. A flagon

198 Papers, 8fc.

of the jug or round-bellied type, which resembles the example
at Lamyat in this deanery. It measures 10 J in. to level of
lip, and 12^ in. to the cross on the cover. The stem is decor-
ated with a large knop. Weight, 41 oz. 3 dwt. These three
pieces have only the maker's mark, an S. under a crown in
plain shield, a mark given by Cripps under 1664. They also
bear a fox sejant on a cap of maintenance. This is the crest
of Sir Stephen Fox, who purchased Redlynch in 1672. Mr.
Cripps remarks that these chalices are found in the period
1637-1676 ; so that all the evidence goes to dating this service
about the time of the purchase of Redlynch. For some account
of the dunor, whose present representative is the Earl of
Ilchester, see Phelps' History of Somerset under 6 Redlynch.'
An alms dish or paten with gadrooned edge on foot, in centre :
sacred monogram within rayed circle. Marks ; 2 offic. ; letter
for 1757 ; maker's mark obliterated.

SHEPTON MONTAGUE. — An Elizabeth cup and cover
I. P. The cup stands 6 in. high ; the bowl is deep in propor-
tion to its width ; it has two bands of interlaced ornamentation,
and there is another round the foot. Marks (same on cover) :
2 offic. ; letter for 1573 ; maker's mark, I. P. The cover has a
band of ornamentation, and on the button is the date 1573.
Cup and cover are gilded inside.

A paten on foot ; all new except foot, which is inscribed :
' Eccles : Shepton Ex dono Joan. Webbe ejusde Ministri 1684.'
By the modern date-letter it appears that this piece was reno-
vated in 1848.

A brass alms dish and plated ditto, with monogram T.M.,
i.e., Thomas Mason, who was vicar 1847-1851.

STOKE TRISTER. — The cup is of late eighteenth-century
design. The bowl is decorated with sacred monogram within
rayed circle ; the knop and foot have each a band of beads.
The cup stands 6£ in. high. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1774 ;
maker's mark, W.Gr., probably William Gundy, entered 1747.
The bowl is inscribed : ' Presented by the congregation of

An Inventory of Church Plate. 199

Bayford to the Rev*- R. C. Phelips, their minister Dec. 1838.'
A paten with moulded rim, on foot. Diameter 5^ in, Marks :
2 offic. of Brit, sterling ; letter for 1718 ; maker's mark, L.E.,
in circle ; Timothy Ley, also found on paten at Sherborne.
It is inscribed : ' Presented to the Rev<*. R. C. Phelips Recr-
1838.' An alms dish, 6^ in. wide. Marks, 2 offic., Exeter
modern; letter for 1839; maker's initials, R.W. Inscribed:
' This Service of Communion Plate was presented by the
Revd- R. C. Phelips the Rector to the New Church of Stoke
Trister in 1841.'

The Rev. Richard Colston Phelips was rector of Cuckling-
ton and Stoke Trister 1833-1862.

UPTON NOBLE. — The cup is a good specimen of the balus-
ter-stem pattern ; it stands 9 in. high, and is very heavy for its
size ; the interior of the bowl is gilt. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter
for 1647 ; maker's mark, a bird in shield ; this is not in Cripps.
On the bowl is pricked the date 1648, and some initials almost
obliterated. This was no doubt done when the cup was pre-
sented to the the parish, as it is inscribed on foot, ' Ex dono M.
Jenkyns,' in a style of lettering quite one hundred years later
than the date of the cup. A broad paten on a foot, with shal-
low depression in centre. All the marks have disappeared
except the maker's, and that is too far gone for recognition. A
silver flagon, letter for 1876, inscribed on plate : ' The thank-
offering Jan. 1880 of Walter Collyns Baker Rector of Bat-
combe cum Upton Noble for having been permitted to rebuild
this church, which was in ruins ; half of the cost having been
paid by himself, and half by public inscription.' A small dish,
electro-plate.

WINCANTON. — The cup and paten are of late seventeenth
century. The cup, height 7J in., consists of a massive bowl
with lip, resting on a trumpet-shaped stem and spreading foot.
This cup and the paten, which serves for a cover, are very
plain. They both bear the same marks : 2 offic. ; letter for
1695 ; maker's mark, initials I.C. under crown, perhaps James

200 Papers, §-c.

Chadwick. A dish, 9| in. in diameter, much resembling a
modern soup plate. Marks : 2 offic. for Brit, sterling ; letter
for 1712; maker's mark, C.O., pellets above and below, i.e.,
Robert Cooper. On the rim of the dish is an oval shield, sur-
rounded by mantling, bearing : Quarterly ; first and fourth,
a chevron between three escallops ; second and third, a saltire ;
imp., a rose. On the opposite side of the rim is a crest, a tiger
ducally gorged, sejant. These are the arms and crest of Fare-
well of Holbrook Grange. ( See under Charlton Musgrove in
this deanery.) Thomas Farewell of Holbrook, who married
Judith Williams of Horsington, was dead before 1684. He
left, besides daughters, five sons. James and John do not ap-
pear to have married ; George married Arm Dawe of Ditcheat ;
Nathaniel, who, though the youngest son, seems to have even-
tually succeeded to Holbrook, married Susannah Coker of
Mapowder, Dorset ; and Christopher, who died 10th October,
1728, married Catherine — — . As the rose in the shield is
not the coat-of-arms of any of the other wives, it may have
been that of her family, but I have not been to identify it.
Another dish, 9 in. wide, quite plain. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter
for 1729; maker's mark, T.T. under crown — Thomas Tearle.
In centre of dish, within mantling is a shield bearing : a saltire,
on a chief three lions rampant. Encircling the mantling is an
inscription : £ Abraham Gapper Esq. Churchwarden of Wine-
calton 1728.' In the south aisle of the parish chnrch is a stone
inscribed, inter alia, 4 In a vault underneath the East part of
this isle built by Abraham Gapper, Sergeant at Law was in-
terred his body the xxiii of May MDCCLIII. aged Ixxii.'
This family were prominent citizens of Wincanton in the
eighteenth century. They lived at Balsome, an old house on
the outskirts of the town, still standing.

A flagon with the Sheffield date-letter for 1843, inscribed:
6 Wincanton Church A.D. 1844.'

A chalice and paten, given by the late Miss Chafyn Grove,
of Zeals, who also bought and restored to the parish the great

An Inventory of Church Plate. 201

tithes which had been alienated in 1374. The gift is a magni-
ficent specimen of modern work, silver-gilt and enriched with
precious stones. Underneath the chalice is the inscription :
6 In Dei gloriam et in usum ecclesiae SS. Petri et Pauli apud
Wincanton d.d. Julia E. Chafyn Grove in festo Paschali.
MDCCCLXXXIX.' Miss Grrove was descended from Hugh
Grove, who was beheaded at Exeter in 1655 for his share in
the Penruddocke rising. He was settled at Chisenbury, and
his only son John married Mary Chafyn, the heiress of the
Zeals property.

WYKE CHAMPFLUWER. — A chapelry joined to Pitcombe.
An Elizabethan cup, by I. P., and much resembling his other
work. The cup stands 6f in. high, the bowl deep in propor-
tion to its width, with two bands of ornament of the period ;
the knop and foot have bands of hyphens. Marks : 2 offic. ;
letter for 1573 ; I. P. The paten is of a later age and design.
It is flat and wide, with a shallow depression within brim ; no
ornamentation. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1623 ; maker's
mark, within a shield a T., with an excrescence on one side of
the stem. There is no mark quite like this in Cripps ; but as
the lower part of the mark is much worn, it may really be
T.F. combined in a monogram, a mark given by Cripps
from 1609 to 1628. On the foot of the paten is a shield,
surrounded by mantling, bearing ; Quarterly, in each quarter
a chevron between three crosses crosslet, on the honour point
a crescent. Crest, a bull's head. On the tomb of Henry
Southworth, owner of Wyke Champflower, ' who at his own
charge builte and adorned this chapell, and departed this life
the 23d of May 1625,' (Collinson i, p. 219) this coat appears
blazoned, first and fourth, arg. and sa. ; second and third,
counter-changed. The arms in the first and fourth quar-
terings are Southworth, and the quartered coat is that of
Dayes. The pedigree in the Visitation of 1623 begins with
Sir Gilbert Southworth of Southworth, Lanes, and his wife,
Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Mich. Dayes of Salmsburie,

Vol. XLIII (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. cc

202 Papers, fyc.

Lane. The crescent is the cadency mark of the second son,
and so the paten was probably a present by Henry's younger
brother Thomas, recorder of Wells 1608-9, M.P. for that city
1613, 1619, who died the same year as his brother.
There are also two pewter plates.

SHEPTON MALLET DISTRICT.

THIS district contains sixteen ancient parishes and chapelries,
and seven new parishes and chapelries, which have been
mostly carved out of St. Cuthbert's, Wells. Elizabethan
plate is to be found in seven parishes, including the Cathedral
Church, which has two cups and patens and a flagon of this
period, the latter being the only piece of plate (other than cup
and cover) surviving of this reign. The cover is missing at
East Cranmore.

COXLEY. — A new parish formed in 1844. The plate con-
sists of a chalice, paten, and flagon (plated) recently purchased
at Wippell's.

CHOSCOMBE. — Two cups, parcel-gilt, with sacred monogram
within rayed circle. Date-letter for 1831. On foot of one
cup : ' To the glory of God, given to the Rev. J. East for
Croscombe Church 1832.' A large paten on foot, 9£ in. in
diameter, the rim moulded, and sacred monogram in centre.
Marks: 2 of Brit, sterling; letter for 1713 ; maker's mark,
wellnigh obliterated. A dish or salver, with moulded edge,
10J in. in diam. ; Marks : 2 offic. ; maker's mark, A.R. with
a fieur-cle-lys between two pellets in a shield, given by Cripps
under 1678 ; date-letter almost gone, perhaps that for 1679.
A flat-topped flagon 9J in. high, with same inscription as on
the cup. Marks: 2 of Brit, sterling; letter for 1709;
maker's mark : in a shield black-letter tl.23* with i above and
e below — Robert Timbrell. Pewter, a set preserved in chest
in vestry.

An Inventory of Church Plate. 203

DINDER. — The cup and cover are of 18th century, but
made after an earlier pattern. The cup has a slight lip to
a straight-sided bowl, a thick stem with annular knop, and
spreading foot. It is 6J in. high. On the button of the cover
is ' Binder.' Marks (same on both) : 2 offic. ; letter for 1731 ;
maker's mark, T.M. in shield, probably Thomas Mason. The
cup is inscribed : 'Binder chalice was bought 1731.' A paten
on foot, diam. 7f in., with moulded edge ; inscribed : ' Binder
salver bought the 1 Oct. 1740.' Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for
1723; maker's mark, T.M., a greyhound sejant above. This is
the mark of Thomas Morse, entered 1720. A salver with
gadrooned edge, on three feet ; the centre filled in with foliage
and A.W.A. in monogram. Inscribed: 'Given by John
Armstrong, Rector, for the use of Binder Church, Christmas
1858.' It bears the date-letter for 1827. A small flagon of
ecclesiastical pattern, with date-letter for 1877.

BITCHEAT. — The cup is a fine specimen of early 17th
century pattern. It stands 8J in. high ; the bowl is deep and
has a slight lip ; the stem has a knop in centre ; the foot is
moulded. The cover is now missing. Under the foot of the
cup is an inscription : ' The Communion Cupp and Cover of
the Parishe of Bitchett in Somersetshire wayes 21 & halfe and
halfe Quarter.' Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1635 ; maker's
lark, R.W., with a rose underneath, (see also E. Pennard

id Shepton Mallet). A flagon, flat-topped, 8J in. high, with
loulded foot ; Inscribed : ' The silver flaggon of the Parishe
of Bitchatt in Somerset wayes fortye ounces and half 1635.'
Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1635 ; maker's mark, R.C. with
arrow head below in heart-shaped shield. (This mark is found
on the communion plate at St. Margaret's, Westminster). A
large paten on foot, diameter 10 J in. Inscribed : ' This
Patten was Bought for the Parish of Bitchett by John
Hoskins and George Longman Churchwardens 1732.' Marks:
2 offic. ; letter for 1732 ; maker's mark, T.M.— Thomas
Mason. Also two plated patens and a pewter dish.

204 Papers, fyc.

DOULTING. — A fine Elizabethan cup and cover. The cup
is 7y£ in. high ; the bowl deep in proportion to its width, with
one band of ornament ; above and below stem are bands of
upright strokes ; the foot has egg-and-dart ornament round
edge. The cover is quite plain ; the button seems to have been
restored. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1573 (on cover only) ;
maker's mark, A.K., in monogram ; this mark is also found at
Ashington. A plain paten, on foot, diam. 7f in. Inscribed :
' This piece of plate was bought for the Parish of Dowlting
by Richard White and James Stone Church Wardens 1731.'
Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1731 ; maker's mark, Gr.R., in
heart-shaped shield — Grundry Roode. A chalice and paten,
silver-gilt, given by Mr. Horner, of Mells, patron of the living,
at the rebuilding of the church, 1871. A glass cruet with
silver-gilt fittings.

DOWNHEAD. — A small Elizabethan cup and cover. The
cup is 5J in. high ; there are two bands of ornament round
bowl ; bands of hyphens round knop and foot. Round cover
one band of ornament, on button ' 1573.' Marks : 2 offic. ;
letter for 1572 ; maker's mark, I. P. A large paten, on foot,
diameter 8 in., inscribed : ' In usum ecclesiae Omnium Sanc-
torum de Downhead MDCCCLIY.' In centre of paten is the
sacred monogram within rayed circle. Marks: 2 offic. ; letter
for 1777 ; maker's mark, R.M., R.C.in square punch — Robert
Makepeace and Richard Carter.

EAST CRANMORE. — An Elizabethan cup, minus its cover.
It is 6 J in. high; the bowl has two bands of running ornament ;
the knop and the foot are plain. Between the bands the sa-
cred monogram has been engraved, and the interior of the
bowl has been gilt. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1576 ; maker's
mark, M. in shield. A small flat-topped flagon ; on the front
a rayed circle enclosing sacred monogram; underneath: ' Given
to East Cranmore Church by Jane Elizabeth Grough.' Marks:
2 offic. ; letter for 1618 ; maker's mark, I.C. with small figure
beneath in square-shaped shield. There is no mark exactly

An Inventory of Church Plate. 205

like this in Cripps, but it is not very clear. Underneath the
foot the weight 19 oz., £ dwt. is given, dotted in. A large
salver with moulded rim on three feet. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter
for 1749 : maker's mark, J.R. — John Robinson. It is inscrib-
ed : 'East Cranmore Church d.d. J.P., 1818.' A small salver
on three feet, with date-letter for 1819. It bears the same in-
scription as the larger salver, but the date is one year later.
The initials are those of John Paget, Esq., of East Cranmore.
EAST PENNARD. — This parish possesses an unusual quantity
of fine pieces of plate. A cup and cover, wholly gilt, by the
same maker as the cups at Ditcheat and Shepton Mallet. The
cup stands 8^ in. high, with a deep bowl, a short stem with
knop in centre, and moulded foot. The cover has a small
flange on rim to keep it in position. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter
for 1633 ; maker's mark, R.W., with small rose beneath in
shaped punch. Another cup, paten and flagon, all wholly gilt,
and bearing the same coat-of-arms and inscription. The cup
is 8 in. high, and the paten, on foot, Sin. in diameter. Marks :
(not visible on cup) : 2 offic. ; letter for 1727 ; maker's mark,
W.L., most probably William Lukin. These initials are
given in Cripps about this date in a shaped punch with
curved sides. The inscription runs thus : 6 Ex dono Marias
Grerardi Martin generosi relictae.' Arms in a lozenge : Arg.,
two bars gu., Imp. Az., three birds rising.' On a lias slab in
front of the communion rails in East Pennard church the same
coat-of-arms appears with this inscription ( Collins on iii, 479,
correcting the date in Phelps) : Here lyeth the body of Mary,
relict of Gerard Martin, gent, who died the 15th day of March,
1731-2, aged 51.' Gerard Martin was a younger son of Wil-
liam Martin, who purchased the manor of East Pennard from
William Harbin of Newton, Esq., in 1682. Although the
family of Mary Martin, widow, is not on record, I make the
following suggestion, on the basis of the family arms. The
shield is given in Guillim as that of Richard Baylie, D.D.,
President of St. John's Coll., Oxf., and Dean of Sarum. His

206 Papers, §•<?.

second son, John, was Chancellor of Wells. In Collinson^ vol.
iii, p. 497, and Som. Arch, and Nat. Hist. Proceedings xvi. ii, 37,
his Christian name is incorrectly given as William. He mar-
ried a daughter of Edward Berkeley of Pylle, the adjoining
parish to East Pennard ; and they both died in 1688, leaving
three orphans aged seven, six, and two years respectively, that
is they were born 1681, 1682, and 1686; and Mary Martin
was also born in 1681. This is extracted from the correspon-
dence of William Dodington, published in Som. and Dorset
Notes and Queries v. p. 22, which also shows that the mother's
family took charge of the orphans ; and as they would pro-
bably be a good deal at Pylle, a marriage between one of them
and a son of a neighbouring squire is very probable. A pair
of very fine silver candlesticks, standing nearly two feet high.
They bear the Sheffield Hall mark (a crown), and the date-
letter for 1817, and the inscription : ' Presented by Sarah the
widow of Gerard Martin, Esq., to the church of East Pennard,
1815.' In the church there are monuments to Gerald Martin,
Barrister-at-Law, who died 21st December, 1789, aged 58
years ; and to Sarah, relict of the above, who died 1 9th May,
1815, aged 69. Arms : Martin imp. gu., three horses in pale
arg. Gerald Martin was the eldest son of Henry Martin ; he
died childless, and the property eventually passed to his niece,
Sarah, wife of Edward Berkeley Napier, Esq.

EASTON. — A modern parish, part of S. Cuthbert's, Wells.
The plate consists of a chalice, paten, and flagon. Each piece
bears the sacred monogram, and in addition the flagon is in-
scribed : ' Dedicated to the service of Almighty God in the
Church of S. Paul's in the parish of Wells. By six Brothers,
A.D. 1842.'

HORRINGTON. — A parish formed out of S. Cuthbert's,
Wells, in 1844. It possesses a chalice, two plates, and a
flagon (plated) given at that date.

LOTTISHAM. — This was formerly part of Ditcheat. In 1877
it was separated, and with West Bradley (q.v.), hitherto a

PATEN. MEDI/EVAL.

PILTON,
C. 1490

E.H.B.

scale

An Inventory of Church Plate. 207

chapelry to East Pennard, made a distinct benefice. There is
a chapel here which possesses a chalice and two patens, silver-
gilt, and two glass cruets with silver-gilt fittings, presented in
1877.

NORTH WOOTTON. — A cup and cover of the Georgian
period, plain and solid. The cup stands 9£ in. high ; on the
button of the cover is the sacred monogram within rayed
circle. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1750 ; maker's mark, J.R.,
with star above in shaped punch — John Robinson. A beauti-
ful chalice and paten, wholly gilt, with date-letter for 1881,
given by the Rev. T. P. Nunn, vicar of West Pennard. A
glass cruet with silver mountings.

OAKHILL. — This parish was formed in ] 866, the date of the
plate, which consists of a chalice, paten, and flagon.

PILTON. — This parish is thrice lucky in having preserved
the medieval paten (v. illustration). The general design is of
the Tudor type, as arranged by Mr. Cripps in O.E.P.^ and
Messrs. W. H. St. John Hope and T. M. Fallow (Archaolog-
ical Journal, xliiij. It has a narrow moulded edge and brim,
within which is sunk a six-lobed depression. The spandrels
between the lobes are filled with a small ornamentation. In
the centre within a double circle is the vernicle, or representa-
tion of the Saviour's face. Round the brim is an inscription :
6 + Orate pro bono ctatu d. J. Dier vicarius hiuc loci," in late
fifteenth century lettering. The grammar is somewhat to seek,
but it is to be translated : ; Pray for the good estate of Sir J.
Dier, vicar of this place.' Unfortunately there is a gap in
the list of presentations to Pilton from 1468 to 1512, and there
is no mention of J. Dier in the annals of Pilton. There were
two incumbents of the name of John Dier in the diocese in this
period. The first was presented to High Ham 1459, and also
to Closworth in 1490 ; he vacated both by death, 1499. The
second held Long Sutton 1497 to his death in 1506. The
second John Dier may have been the donor. There are no
marks on the paten. The vernicle, spandrels outside lobes,

208 Papers, fyc.

the cross and the diamond-shaped ornaments separating the
words of the inscription, are gilt. A fine Elizabethan cup and
cover, parcel-gilt, by the same maker as the Batcombe cup
(1567). The cup stands 8^ in. high; the parts gilt are the
lip, band round bowl, knop, head and foot of stem, and base of
foot. The fillets inclosing the running ornament round bowl,
instead of continuing on after the interlacing, are returned
back like the links of a chain. The knop has a band of hy-
phens. The foot is decorated with egg-and-dart ornament.
The cover has a band of running ornament ; this, the foot of
the stem, and the button, are gilt ; on the button is engraved :
' 1570 P. PAR.' Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1570 ; maker's
mark, H.W., with pellet above and below. Another cup,
7J in. high, with a plain bowl and trumpet-shaped stem.
Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1684 ; maker's mark, F.S. in a
shield with the top line scalloped ; the same initials in a plain
shield are given in Cripps under 1676. Round the bowl is an
inscription : ' The guift of Madame Howard to this Church.
Performed by Harry Bruges Esqr- A<> Dni 1.686.' It was more
correctly a legacy, as is testified by the register of Pilton :
4 The right worshipful Elizabeth Howard died May 9, and
was buried at Stoke Rodney the 29 of May, 1683.' The donor
was one of the daughters and co-heiresses of Sir Edward Rodney
of Stoke Rodney, by Frances, daughter of Sir Robert South-
well of Woodrising, co. Norfolk, and Elizabeth his wife,
daughter of Charles Howard, Lord High Admiral of England,
temp. Elizabeth. Her father, Edward, was son of Sir John
Rodney and Jane, daughter of Sir Henry Seymour. Miss Eliza-
beth Rodney married in 1665 Charles Howard of St. Martin's
Fields, Esq., Bach. (Marr. Alleg. Vicar Gen. Cant., Harl. Soc.,
1886) ; so that as in her own and her husband's veins there
was coursing the blood of all the Howards, to say nothing of
the other noble families mentioned above, she may well have
claimed the title of ' right worshipful.' Her connexion with
Pilton was created by her mother's will (proved 22nd March,

An Inventory of Church Plate. 209

1659-60), who directed that her daughter Elizabeth should
hold and enjoy the inclosed grounds of Pilton Park and the
mansion house of Pilton during her life, which was lately
granted by lease from the Marquis of Hertford. Harry Bruges,
the ' performer,' was her nephew, a son of Anne Rodney and
Sir Thomas Bridges, of Keynsham. He was born 1647, and
died 1728 ; his monument is in Keynsham church (Collinson ii,
408 ). A flagon of the tankard pattern, with sloping sides and
domed lid. It is ornamented with the same pattern as that on
the Elizabethan cup, is parcel-gilt, and measures 8^ in. to lip,
and 10 in. to top of lid. Marks : 3 offic. ; letter for 1786 ;
maker's mark, in square punch two sets of initials, partly worn
away : they are most probably S.G. — Samuel Godbehere ;
E.W. — Edward Wigan ; entered 1786. Pewter, a small bowl
and a tall tankard, preserved in the church.

PYLLE. — The communion plate is all of one date and given
by the same persons. It consists of a cup of the Georgian
pattern, 8J in. high, paten on foot, dish, and flagon. Marks :
2 offic. ; letter for 1737 ; maker's mark, E.P., with small object
above almost obliterated. If it is a lion, it is the mark of
Edward Pocock. Each piece has the sacred monogram and
the inscription: 'Ex dono Gulielmi Portman Armigi et Annas
uxoris suas Ann : Dom : 1737.' William Berkeley of Pylle,
a junior branch of that family of Bruton, took the name of
Portman on succeeding to the property of Sir William Port-
man, Bart., 1735. His wife was Anne only daughter of Sir
Edward Seymour, of Berry-Pomeroy, Devon, speaker of the
House of Commons. W. Berkeley Portman died 1737 at

lle.

>HEPTON MALLET. — A fac-simile pair of cups with covers
by the same maker as the cups at Ditcheat and East Pennard.
The shape of the cup is nearer that of Ditcheat. It stands
Sin. high, with plain bowl, gilt inside, and moulded foot. The
cover has a flange to keep it in position. Marks : 2 offic. ;
letter for 1634 ; maker's mark, K. W. in shaped punch.

Vol. XLII1 (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. dd

210 Papers, Jr.

Underneath one cup, ' Shepton Mallet.' ' Twenty ounces
halfe and a half e quarter.' Under the other cup, ' Twenty
ounces.' These pieces, and all the others except the bason,
have had the sacred monogram added at some later date ; and
on the two patens, 4 Church of S* Peter & S* Paul Shepton
Mallet.' A plain paten on foot, 6f in. in diam. Marks :
2 offic. ; letter for 1725 ; maker's mark, I.S. in oval. This
mark is given in Cripps with the addition of a row of tiny
pellets. Two large flagons of the tankard pattern with flat
lids. Marks: 2 offic.; letter for 1733; maker's mark, two
sets of initials in a cross-patee, T.C. — Thomas Cooke ; R.G. —
Richard Gurney. A silver bason of great weight, perfectly
plain, 10^ in. in diam. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1733 ;
maker's mark, I.F. in oval, perhaps John Fawdery.

STOKE ST. MICHAEL (OR STOKE LANE). — A large cup
with cover, of the squat form found about 1700. It stands
8 in. high, and the diameter of the bowl at the lip is 4J in.
The cover is quite plain, with button. Marks : 2 offic. of
Brit, sterling ; letter for 1703 ; maker's mark, E.A., with
fleur-de-lys below in shield — John Eastt. The bowl is in-
scribed : ' Richard Clavey and Roger Stone Chirch Wardens
1703.' A paten on foot, 6f in. across. Inscribed : ' The Gift
of D*- Rob*- Norman to Stokelane.' There are no hall-marks,
only the maker's in an oblong punch, two black-letter capital*
not easy to be made out ; they are, perhaps, H.A. This mark
is struck thrice.

WELLS : THE CATHEDRAL. — For the purpose of an inven-
tory of plate now in existence, the history of that belonging to
Wells Cathedral begins in 1572, when the Chapter decreed
' that the plate that bef oretime were used to superstition shalbe
defaced, and of the greatest challaice shalbe made a fayer Com-
munion cuppe with as much convenient speede as maye be be-
fore the fleaste of Easter, and of the lesser challaice another
by the tyme before limited, 19 Nov. 1572.' Whether this de-
cree proceeded ab intra from their own convictions, or ab extra

An Inventory of Church Plate. 211

from the order of the Bishop, is shrouded in darkness, as the
episcopal registers are quite silent on the point (communicated
by Canon Church). The two chalices were packed off to
London to a certain goldsmith, whose initials were I. P., and
two ' fayer ' communion cups and patens were returned, if not
by Easter, at all events by S. Dunstan's Day (19th May),
1573. The larger cup with its cover silver-gilt stands 9f in.
high ; the diameter of the lip is 4f in., and the depth of the
bowl is 5J in. Its shape is that of an inverted cone, with the
apex removed ; the bowl is encircled with two ribs for support,
the space between being filled in with a band of the usual run-
ning ornament ; above and below are bands of similar ornament,
the fillets interlacing through hollow diamonds ; above and
below stem are bands of egg-and-dart ornament, and hollow
diamonds with a pellet in centre; the knop is decorated with
upright strokes and serpentine belt ; the spread of the foot has
the egg-and-dart and hollow diamond repeated. It is indeed a
very ' fayer' cup. The cover has the running ornament on the
domed part, and on the flat outer rim an interlaced serpentine
design. On the button is a St. Andrew's cross, and the date
1573. The smaller cup (late ' the lesser challaice ') stands 9 in.
high. The bowl has only one supporting rib, and there are
two belts of ornaments, but each of these is composed of two
bands enclosed by three fillets. The rest of the design is simi-
lar to that on the larger cup. On the cover the St. Andrew's
cross is omitted. The same goldsmith also supplied a flagon of
the rare jug-shape or round-bellied pattern. It is 12^ in. high
and silver-gilt ; the upper part, particularly the neck and the
handle, are engraved with running patterns and arabesques ;
the foot is treated like those of the cups. All these pieces bear
the same marks: 2 offic. ; letter for 1572-3; maker's mark,
I. P. After the Restoration another flagon was made to match
the earlier one ; it bears 2 bffic. marks ; the letter for 1667 ;
and the maker's mark in the upper part of a plain shield, a star
below a T. and another letter almost invisible, perhaps S. ; this-

212 Papers, Sfc.

mark is not in Cripps. Two silver-gilt patens 011 foot with
plain raised edge. Diameter, 7 in. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter
for 1667 ; maker's mark, an anchor between the initials T.H.
A large alms dish, 20 in. in diameter, with moulded edge. On
the centre a St. Andrew's cross on a shield, surrounded by
mantling. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1675 ; maker's mark,
R.N. in shaped punch with small object beneath. On the
underside is the inscription : ' D. Ri. Busby Thesaurarius.'
A pair of handsome silver-gilt candlesticks, 27 in. high, resting
on a tripod supported on three feet. There are no marks
visible, being probably obliterated when they were gilt. They
are inscribed : 6 The gift of Mrs. Agnes Tucker of Coryton
Devonshire 1 789.' ' Gilt A.D. 1 883 by the gift of James and
Mary Lean.' Another pair of fluted candlesticks, silver-gilt,
15 in. high. Marks : 3 offic. ; letter for 1793 ; maker's mark,
I.S. in shaped punch, i.e., John Scofield, of whom it is recorded
that he produced a great number of candlesticks and much
other plate. Each piece is inscribed : ' Purchased with xx
pounds the gift of Mrs. Agnes Tucker, and xxvii pounds added
by the chapter 1794.' A modern chalice and paten, wholly
gilt, after a Spanish pattern, with the date-letter for 1896. The
chalice is inscribed : ' In mem. Hectoris McLean ob. 1888.'
spoon with perforated bowl and rat-tailed handle with knob at
end. There are no marks ; there is just such another, al
S. Cuthbert's. A plain silver mace, 31 in. long (carried
the Dean's verger), with figure of S. Andrew with cross on th<
end ; inscribed : 4 Cathedral Church of Saint Andrew in Well*
1823.' The date letter is for 1822-3. Another silver mac<
30 in. long (carried by the first clerk), with the figure of S.
Andrew and cross (imperfect) on the end. It is inscribed :
6 Given to Wells Cathedral by the Rev<*. D^ Eyre Treasurer
and Canon Residentiary 1808.' The date-letter is for the
year 1798. There are also a silver-plated mace and some
pewter plates.

In addition to the various pieces described above, which are

An Inventory of Church Plate. 213

all in use, there are preserved in the Library of the Cathedral
three small chalices of base metal. They have been recovered
from coffins dug up at various times in the Cathedral, one of
them in 1730. Two stone coffins now in the crypt under the
Chapter-house, show how room was found for them. In one
the mason left a projecting block on the right side, and then
hollowed it out to receive the chalice. In the other, space was
found in the thickness of the wall of the coffin itself, but to
avoid weakening it too much (?), the space was hollowed out
to the shape of the chalice somewhat as if it were a mould,
and the chalice was then slipped in sideways. One chalice has
a bowl broad and shallow, a circular stem without a knop, and
round foot. In the other two the bowl is rather deeper, and
there is a rudimentary knob on the stem. This pair much re-
semble a coffin chalice figured in Cripps, p. 188, and ascribed
to the thirteenth century.

WELLS, ST. CUTHBERT.— As, until well on in the present
century, this was the parish church, not only for the city but
also for a vast area around, it is not surprising that the various
donations of plate are almost superabundant. An Elizabethan
cup and cover by I. P. The cup is a very fine specimen. It is
silver-gilt and stands 8T3g- in. high. Round the bowl are two
bands of ornament, the enclosing fillets being hatched ; in the
upper band the fillets interlace through an open diamond.
The knop has a band of hyphens, and the foot the running
ornament. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1573 ; maker's mark,
I. P. The cover is, no doubt, a fac-simile of the original, even
to the inscription on the button, 6 1573 S. Cuthbert in Wells' ;
but the lettering is much later in style, and the two official
marks stamped inside are those of the Britannia sterling, i.e.
1696 — 1720 ; the maker's initials are B.A., as on the paten
given by J. Worrall, 1719 (see below). It is silver-gilt.

Another cup and cover, silver-gilt of great weight. The
cup is 8J in. high, with a deep bowl and moulded foot. The
cover is quite plain with a button. Marks : 2 offic. of Brit.

214 Papers, §r.

sterling ; letter for 1705 ; maker's mark, P.Y. below a crown
for Benjamin Pyne. Each piece is inscribed : ' Presented to
the Vicar of S. Cuthbert's Wells by W. Westley, Esq.,
A.D. 1706.' In addition to this gift of plate, weighing
25 oz. 10 dwt., he gave other gifts to the church and city of
Wells. A pair of huge flagons, each 14 in. high, 5 in. wide
at lip. They are of the tankard type, flat-topped with cylin-
drical bodies and spreading feet. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for
1638 ; maker's mark, R.C., with arrow-head beneath in heai
shaped punch. Inscribed round lip (same on each), ' Ii
honorem Sanctiss'i Redemptoris mei Jesu Christi.' Inscril
round drum (on one), ' Quid retribuam D'no pro ejus beni-
gnitatibus omnibu' erga me Psal. 116, 12'; (on the other]
4 Accipiam calicem salutis, et Nomen Dfii invocabo. Pss
116, 12.' Below each text is a shield bearing, Arg. thre<
pallets az. ; motto ' recta certa.' Round the foot : ' Ecclesij
Parochiali S. Cuthberti in Welles.' Underneath : ' Ezechiel
Barkham Gen' Parochianus, Donavit 1639.'

A paten on foot, with wide brim. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter foi
1630 ; maker's mark, I.M., above a pig passant. The foot is
inscribed : ' The gift of Cornelous Wattes and An his wife to
Saynt Cudberdes in Wells the 8th of June, 1644.' Another
paten 11 J in. across, with very wide brim. There is only one
mark visible, the maker's initials I.B., with crescent above in
shield. This mark with the crescent below the initials is given
by Cripps, 1669 to 1674. Round the brim runs an inscription :
6 The gift of Elizabeth Mattock widow, wife of Arthur Mat-
tock of this Citty : gentleman 1683.' There are also two shields
with mantling. The first bears : A chevron party per chevron
between three fleur-de-lys. Crest : A boar salient per bend
(Mattock). The second shield bears : three lions ramp., two
and one (Prowse). James P., of Norton Fitz warren, in his will
proved 30th September, 1661, names my ' daughter Elizabeth,
wife of Arthur Mattock.' Yet another paten on foot, with
moulded edge, diam. 9J in. Marks : 2 offic. of Brit, sterling ;

An Inventory of Church Plate. 215

letter for 1717 ; maker's mark the initials B.A. — Richard
Bayley. The paten is inscribed : ' The gift of Mr. Jacob
Worrall Mayor 1719.' A salver on three feet, with raised
moulded edge, diam. 9 in. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1759;
maker's mark, E.C. in rectangular punch — Ebenezer Goker.
In centre on an oval shield are these arms : ' Three fishes
naiant in pale, in base a crescent between 7 mullets.' A very
large salver, 16in. across, of same design, date, and armorial
bearings as the preceding, but the maker's initials are in script
letters instead of Roman type ; both marks are referred by
Cripps to the same person. In Serel's History of St. Cuth-
bcrt's, Welh) will be found an account of the plate and their
donors, with the exception of the last two pieces. I suppose
them to be the arms of the family of Salmon of Wells and
Wrington. In St. Cuthbert's there is a monument ' To the
memory of William Salmon of this city, who died Nov. 22nd,
1761, aged 48 years ; and of Elizabeth his wife, who died Aug.
6th, 1751, aged 80 years. (Phelps^ who has probably put wife
for mother.)

A spoon with perforated bowl and rat-tailed handle, no
marks ; exactly the same as the one at the Cathedral.

WELLS : ST. THOMAS. — A new parish formed in 1858.
The plate consists of two chalices, with patens, silver-gilt,
bearing date-letters for 1849, and 1850. The chalices are in-
scribed : Calicem salutaris accipiam, et nomen Domini invo-
cabo.' The patens bear : 6 Per crucem et passionem tuam
libera nos, Domine.' A flagon (plated) inscribed : ' Gloria in
ecclesia Domino. Alleluia.'

WEST BRADLEY. — An Elizabethan cup and cover, silver
gilt by I. P. The cup is 6TV m- high, with two bands of run-
ning decoration. The marks are almost illegible ; the date-
letter is for 1572. The cover has a band of running ornament ;
on the button is the date 1573. ' The old chalice and paten
were discovered much cracked, out of shape, and black from
neglect thirty years ago by the then incumbent (my father).

216 Papers, fyc.

He had them carefully repaired and gilt ; and the second
paten made exactly to match ; he also gave the almsdish.'
Note by the Rev. R. P. Goldney in Return of church-plate,

2 May, 1 884. This second paten is still in use ; it bears the
date-letter for 1852. The almsdish is of plated metal, wholly
gilt.

WEST CRANMORE. — A modern cup with a band of pretty
ornamentation, consisting of oakleaves and acorns round lip.
The bowl is gilt within, and the foot is hexagonal. Marks :

3 offic. ; and date-letter for 1801. The foot is inscribed: 8 Th(
gift of Colonel John Strode to the Parish of West Cranmoi
25th Deer. 1801.' Also a small flagon and two salvers oi
plated metal. One of the salvers bears a crest, a demi-lioi
ramp. ; the other is inscribed : ' From Col. Strode to th<
Parish of Cranmore 4*h May 1807.' The long connexion oi
the Strodes with Cranmore and Shepton Mallet was brokei
in 1895, when Southill House was sold.

WOOKEY HOLE. — This is a chapel of ease (erected 1874^
to St. Cuthbert's, Wells. The plate consists of a chalice,
paten, and flagon, given about 1880.

MERSTON DISTRICT.

THIS portion of the old deanery of Merston contains fourteen
ancient parishes and one chapelry ; and two modern parishes
and one district chapelry, all carved out of the mother parish
of Yeovil. Three parishes retain the Elizabethan cup and
cover, and one has the cup alone.

ASHINGTON. — This parish was in advance of the greater
part of the diocese in procuring the new style of vessels, as
they bear the date-letter for 1571. The cup stands of in. high ;
the bowl has a single band of running ornament with four
intersections ; at top and base of stem are bands of upright
strokes ; round the foot a band of egg-and-dart ornament.

An Inventory of Church Plate. ' 217

The cover has also a band of running ornament. Marks :
(same on both pieces) : 2 offic. ; letter for 1571 ; maker's mark,
A.K. in monogram. A paten with moulded rim, on foot, 5-J in.
in diam. Marks : 2 offic. for Brit, sterling; letter for 1717 ;
maker's mark F.A., either Thomas Ffarren or Thomas Farrer;
the mark being too worn to distinguish between the two. In
the middle of the paten a wivern on a wreath, being the crest
of the family of St. Barbe, owners of Ashington for several
centuries. In the church is a monument to Sir John St.
Barbe, Bart., ' who died at his seat at Broadlands, in Hamp-
shire, 7th December, 1723, leaving for his only heir and exe-
cutor Humphrey Sydenham, Esq., of Combe, in Somersetshire.'
(Collinson, vol. iii, p. 214.) Another paten on foot, 6 in. in
diam. ; in the centre sacred monogram within rayed circle.
Marks: 2 offic.; letter for 1727; maker's mark, T.T., per-
haps Thomas Tearle, and 'Ashington 1727.' A flagon given
in 1878 by the Kev. C. O. Goodford, Provost of Eton and
Rector of Ashington and Chilton Cantelo.

BARWICK. — The cup and paten are of an unusual pattern.
The cup stands 7J in. high ; the bowl is quite plain, the shape
conical. The stem is peculiar, it is not divided in the middle
by a knop, but is trumpet-shaped, with a wide flange on collar
close up under the bowl. This design reproduces that of the
earliest cups which were made in the reign of Edward VI, very
few of which survive. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1628 ;
laker's mark, D.W., with stars and pellets above and be-
leath. The paten is a small dish or saucer, evidently first
Le for domestic use. It is 5J in. wide ; a plain outer rim
surrounds an inner one slightly depressed, covered with a series
of ovoid figures with pellets in the vacant spandrels. These
figures have a border, and the central space and the border are
alternately plain and ornamented with a fish-scale pattern.
Marks: 2 offic.; letter for 1640; maker's, only an M. is
visible, the upper part being worn away ; it is perhaps that of
Thomas Maundry. On the under side the initials I.H. are

Vol. XLIII (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. ee

218 Papers, frc.

dotted in with some flourishes executed in the same way. John
Harvey alias Harford was instituted to Barwick 12th August,
1643.

Another paten on foot. Marks : 2 Brit, sterling ; letter for
1714; maker's mark, C.O., pellets above and below — Robert
Cooper. On bottom of foot is engraved a talbot within an
oval surrounded by mantling. A flagon 11 J in. high, of or-
dinary tankard pattern, by the same maker as the paten, but
with letter for 1709. On the drum is the same crest of a
talbot. This gift is noted in the register under 1 709 : ' A
large silver flagon, given to ye church of Barwick by Mrs.
Merril Symes, lady of the manor, ye 25th of December in ye
year 1709, having her cress engraved thereon.' This lady's
maiden name was Horner (of Mells) ; She married Thomj
Symes, Esq., of Barwick, who died 1681 ( J. Batten's Historict
Notes on South Somerset, pp. 11, 16). A dish with sacr(
monogram in centre. Underneath : ' The gift of John New-
man to Barwick Church A.D. 1848.' Mr. Newman's fathei
purchased Barwick from the Symes family in 1750.

A pewter bowl at present in the font.

CHILTON CANTELO. — An Elizabethan cup and cover by
I. P. The cup is 6f in. high ;. the bowl has two bands of run-
ning ornament, the fillets interlacing with curved folds. At
top and bottom of stem bands of horizontal lines. The stem
has probably been renovated ; round the foot a band of inter-
mittent lines. The cover has one band of ornament ; on the
button the date 1574. Marks: 2 offic. ; letter for 1573;
maker's, I. P.

A paten on foot, 5J in. in diameter. In centre sacred mono-
gram within rayed circle, to which has been added an outer
band of Elizabethan running ornament. Marks : 2 of Brit,
sterling (1696-1720), the others obliterated. A flagon pre-
sented by Rev. J. Wilder, Fellow of Eton College, at the date
of the restoration of the church, 1864.

Pewter : a flagon, pint size ; a dish with ornamented rim,

An Inventory of Church Plate. 219

on three legs. Marks, LONDON under X, and in shields,
1, a chevron between three lions' heads erased ; 2, a harp (?) ;
3, lion's head erased ; 4, S.D.

CLOSWORTH. — A cup of the heavy design found late in the
seventeenth century. It stands 8 in. high, silver-gilt, with
very thi9k stem and rudimentary knop. Marks : 2 offic. ;
letter for 1685 ; maker's mark, I.S., with pellet below. It is
inscribed : 6 Ex Dono Thomae Rocke & Richd Rocke GeneroS.
An° Dom. 1686.' For some account of this family see Som.
and Dorset Notes and Queries, iii, 164-5.

The paten is a flat piece of silver plate 5 in. across, turned
up at the rim, which is ornamented with a row of beads. To
this has been roughly soldered a plain foot. No marks visible.
A modern paten and flagon inscribed : ' In memoriam E. Gr.
Bower 1867.' This gift was made by the late rector and his
wife in memory of their only child.

EAST COKER. — Imprimis, a cup and cover of early 17th
century. The cup is 6f in. high, and very heavy for its size.
It has a plain bowl, stem with knop in centre, and moulded
foot with a projecting flange. The cover is also quite plain.
They bear the same marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1627 ; maker's
mark, T.F. in monogram. Underneath the cup : 'Eastcoker
H.Gr.I.R.' [A John Reed appears in register about this
time.] On button of paten, sacred monogram and the date
1628.

Another cup and cover of the next century. The cup much
sembles the one at Milton Clevedon, though not so tall or
aborate. It is 8| in. high. The cover is different, having
en designed to serve as a paten. Marks : 2 Brit, sterling ;
tter for 1722 ; maker's mark partly worn away on both
ieces, but perhaps that of Aug. Courtauld, i.e. C O below a
r-de-lys in shaped punch ; but here the figure above is more
ike a crown. Each piece has a coat-of-arms in a fanciful
shield : Az. a cross flory or, between four mullets pierced arg.,
imp. Arg. a chevron gu., in chief two roses. The first coat

220 Papers, $c.

is that of Helyar of Coker Court (but the tinctures of the
cross and the mullets should be interchanged), and the second
coat is that of Weston, of Weston in Dorset. William Helyar,
of Coker Court, b. 1720, married Betty, daughter and coheiress
of William Weston, of Weston, Esq.

In the vestry is preserved a pewter bowl of uncertain age,
somewhat damaged.

HENDFORD. — A new parish in Yeovil, formed in 1845. It
possesses a chalice, two patens, and a flagon with scriptural
inscriptions, bearing the date-letter for 1844-5.

MARSTON MAGNA.— The parish has an Elizabethan cup,
unfortunately without its cover. It is a fine example, 7f in.
high, parcel-gilt, with two bands of ornament round the bowl ;
the foot has egg-and-dart ornament. Marks : 2 office. ; letter
for 1573 ; maker's mark, I. P. A large modern paten with
Sheffield mark. In pewter there is a quart pot with two
handles, of uncertain date.

MUDFORD. — A cup and cover of earlier Georgian era. It
stands 9 in. high, the bowl deep, an annular knop round stem.
The cover serves as paten ; it has a deep depression within
rim ; on the button is the date 1772. Marks (same on both) :
2 offic. ; letter for 1758 ; maker's mark, W.P., with small
cross below in shaped shield. This mark is not in Cripps. A
paten of earlier date, 6J in. in diam., on foot. In the centre a
cross and the sacred monogram. Underneath it is inscribed :
'It belong to Mudford Church: in Som'sett 1718.' Marks:
2 Brit, sterling ; letter for 1718 ; maker's mark, G.A., under
crown within circle — William Gamble.

Pewter : Three plates, and a curious flat-topped flagon.

PRESTON PLUCKNETT. — It retains the Elizabethan cup
and cover. The cup is 5| in. high ; the bowl is unusually
wide for its depth, it has two bands of ornament. The foot
has a band of intermittent lines. The cover has a band of
running ornament, and on the button the date 1574. Marks
(same on both pieces) : 2 offic. ; letter for 1574 ; maker's

An Inventory of Church Plate. 221

mark, I. P. Another cup and paten ; the cup is 11 J in. high ;
the bowl 4^ in. wide, and 6 in. in depth, rivalling the giants
at Horsington. It is very plain. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for
1728 ; maker's mark, T.T.— Thomas Tearle. The paten is
5 J in. wide, flat with low rim round edge, and stands on a foot ;
same marks as on cup. Round the bowl of the cup is an in-
scription : ' The gift of Simeon Michell Gent, to the Church
of Preston 1728.'

QUEEN CAMEL. — The plate here is all modern. It consists
of a fine silver-gilt chalice and paten of mediaeval design, pro-
cured in 1890. A cruet with plated fittings, and two plated
cups, interior of bowls gilt.

In the "Return" sent to Taunton Museum in 1885, there
was an account of a silver jug which weighed 2J Ibs. avoirdu-
pois ; only mark, a lion inside lip. From the drawing I should
imagine the jug to be of late eighteenth century work. Also
a silver cup, no marks visible, of perhaps the same date as the

RIMPTON. — The cup is of an unusual shape and design.
There are 110 marks either on it or on the cover, but luckily
the latter bears the date 1637 on the button. The cup stands
6f in. high ; the bowl is slightly convex in shape ; round the
lip is a narrow belt of leaves ; round the middle of the bowl a
broad belt divided by a wavy line into eight compartments,
which the designer has filled in with — a half-length cherub, a
cow's head, a thistle, a rose, and four indescribable arabesques,
one of which bears a resemblance to a dinner serviette in a
ineglass. The stem and foot follow Elizabethan models ;

mnd the latter is a band of ornament similar to that round
lip of bowl. " Rimpton ' is engraved on bowl. A plain paten
m foot, 8J in. in diameter, inscribed : ' Rimpton 1733.' Marks :

offic. ; letter for 1731 ; maker's mark, T.M— Thomas Mason.
A flagon of plated metal.

SUTTON BINGHAM. — A small cup, 5i| in. high: the bowl

222 Papers, fyc.

and stem are made out of the same piece of silver, the stem
being rather more concave than the bowl, and ornamented with
three lines incised round the middle. Of pattern or ornament
there is none. Marks : 2 offic. ; date-letter obliterated ; makers'
initials, T.C. arid R.G., arranged in a four-lobed punch —
Thomas Cooke and Richard Gurney. These initials are given
by Cripps for 1735, arranged in a cross patee. A small paten
with the date-letter for 1886.

TRENT. — The service of plate is all of the eighteenth cen-
tury. The cup is 8| in. high, of the usual Georgian pattern.
Inscribed : ' Poculum Benedictionis A.D. 1737.' Marks (same
on all): 2 offic.; letter for 1737; maker's mark, I.M. in
punch — John Millington. The cover serves for paten, dia-
meter 5f in., on button, ' 1737.' A plate, 9 in. in diameter,
quite plain, 'A.D. 1737.' A straight-sided flagon, tankard
pattern, with elaborate handle and moulded foot. Extreme
height, 9J in. Inscribed : ' Lagenam hanc una cum poculo
Tri-uni Deo Ad usum Ecclesise Tridentinae in agro Somerset-
ensi Humillime dedit vovit Consecravitq. Barnabas Smyth
Ejusdem Ecclesiae Rector A.D. 1717.' Collinson, ii 388, says :
"On a tombstone in Trent churchyard, 'Beneath lieth the
body of the Rev. Mr. Barnabas Smyth, born at Panton in the
county of Lincoln, Nov. the 21st 1692 : chosen scholar of
C.C.C. Oxon., Aug. the 7th 1709 : nominated to the rectory
of this parish Oct. 26, 1732: buried February 9th 1760.'"
Mr. Smyth drew up an interesting account of the parish,
which is preserved in the church safe.

WEST CAMEL. — The plate here is all of recent date, re-
placing some which was stolen from the rectory July, 1855.
It consists of a chalice and paten, parcel-gilt, of good mediaeval
design. The date-letter is for 1855. Extract from the vestry
book : < Mem. On July 8, 1855 the Rectory House was broken
into in time of Morning Prayer and the old Communion plate
stolen therefrom.'

An Inventory of Church Plate.

223

An electro-plated alms dish and flagon.

WEST COKER. — A cup and cover of the early part of 17th
century. The cup is 7TV in. high ; the bowl is conical in
shape, with slight lip, very plain ; a small knop on stem ; there
is a flange above the spread of the foot. No marks visible
except the maker's, the initials W.S. in shield. The cover
serves for paten, diam. 4| in., there is no flange, only a shallow
depression within rim. Same mark as on cup, and 1631
dotted on button.

A flagon and paten of pewter.

YEOVIL, ST. JOHN'S. — This, the mother church of the
town, has lost nearly all its original plate. There are now
two cups and patens with date-letter for 1855, each bearing the
sacred monogram and the inscription : 6 S. John's Church,
Yeovil.' A very large flagon of tankard pattern. Marks : 2
Brit, sterling, letter for 1704 ; maker's mark, Gr i, under a
mullet — John Gibbons. A set of alms dishes, the largest in-
scribed : ' In memory of William Bide who died 7th August
1864 aged 55 years. Presented to St. John's Church Yeovil
by his nephew and nieces, Thomas William Dampier-Bide,
Elizabeth Bide Dampier, Mary Anne W. Whetham, Christ-
mas 1881.' This dish is 18 in. in diam. Four smaller dishes
9J in. in diam., inscribed : ' In loving memory of Thomas
Dampier who died 20th May 1876 aged 75 years, and of
Elizabeth his wife who died 7th April 1881, aged 73 years,
'resented with the three companion Plates to St. John's
/hurch Yeovil by their children, Elizabeth Bide Dampier,

tary Anne W. Whetham, Thomas William Dampier-Bide,

Christmas 1881.'

YEOVIL, ST. MICHAEL'S. — A new parish formed in 1897,

>ssessing modern plate only.

YEOVIL MARSH. — A new parish formed about forty years
ago, possessing modern plate only.

224 Papers, &c.

MILBORNE POET DISTRICT.

THIS district contains eleven ancient parishes and one modern
district chapel. Elizabethan cups and covers are preserved in
four parishes, all being of local manufacture, three at Sher-
borne and one unknown.

ABBAS (OR TEMPLE) COMBE. — The cup and cover are of
the Caroline period. The cup is 7| in. high, quite plain, the
bowl straight-sided with a slight outward curve at lip. The
stem and foot are more complicated with mouldings than the
Elizabethan specimens. The cover has a hollow depression
within a brim which is without the usual flange to keep it steady
on the cup. Marks (same on both pieces) : 2 offic. ; letter for
1628 ; maker's mark, R.M. above a cinquefoil. A large flagon
with date-letter for 1845. Inscribed: 'The gift of Jasper
Peck Esqr. to the Church of Templecombe 1845.' The donor
was at one time lord of the manor. Two handsome square
salvers, the side measuring 5J in. They stand on four feet,
with moulded edges and ornamented angles. Marks : 2 offic.
of Brit, sterling ; letter for 1725 ; maker's mark, a monogram of
A.Ne., i.e., Anthony Nelme. Underneath is a coat-of-arms
and inscription; on a' lozenge-shaped shield surrounded by
mantling, three cinquefoils ; on a chevron, a lion's face affrontee
between two roundels. Inscription : ' The gift of Mary Houn-
son Fox to the Church of Temple-Combe 1837.' The Fox
family have been patrons of the living for many years.

CHARLTON HORETHORNE. — An Elizabethan cup and cover
by Richard Orenge of Sherborne (see Introduction). The
cup is 6 J in. high, the bowl is concave with one band of orna-
mentation, above and below the stem are bands of upright
strokes, the foot is plain. There are two marks : a circle filled
with beads terminating in a ferrule and short handle ; the other
the initials R.O. in rectangular punch. It was this second
mark which led to the identification of the maker. The cover
with foot is plain ; round the cover is the inscription : * James

An Inventory of Church Plate. 225

Gylbert warden." On the button is the date 6 1603.' A large
paten on foot, 7J in. across. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1634 ;
maker's mark almost gone, the second letter, B., only remain-
ing. Round rim this inscription : * Donum Marias Hussey
Ecclesiae de Charleton Whorethorne in Comitatu Somerset.'

A modern flagon of ecclesiastical design, inscribed : ' Donum
Johannis F. S. Phabayn ecclesiae Sancti Petri de Charlton
Horethorne A.D. 1866.' The donor was rector of the parish
for many years. He died 1889.

There are also several vessels of base metal. Two tankards,
quart and pint measure, flat-topped with spreading foot. A
large shallow dish of latten or some base yellow metal, in-
scribed : ' Isabel Mason 1672.' The whole of the dish is
covered with floral and other designs, and in the centre is a
shield containing the bust and full face of a crowned female
figure.

GORTON DENHAM. — An Elizabethan cup and cover by R.
Orenge of Sherborne (sec Introduction), bearing his mark, and
the date 1573 on button of cover. The cup is 7f in. high; the
running ornament round the bowl is of the usual London pat-
tern ; the ribands, however, do not interlace, only meet. The
knop is much smaller than in the Henstridge cup, and the two
parts of the stem are trumpet-shaped instead of being tubular.
The foot and the cover are plain. A paten, with moulded edge,
on foot ; diameter, 6£ in. There is only one mark, the initials
I.H. above a fleur-de-lys, given by Cripps in 1677. Round the
paten the words of 1 Cor. x, 16. On the foot : ' Given by
Tho. Brickenden Reef. 1677.' He was rector 1660-1700.

A new set of communion plate — chalice, paten and flagon

-was given at the restoration of the church in 1870. Each
piece is inscribed: 'Corton Denham Church 1870.' An old

jwter plate.

GOATHILL. — The cup and cover were given in 1711, but as
the date-letter on the former is that for the year 1642, they
must have done duty in some other church. The cup so

Vol. XLIJ1 (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. JJ

226 Papers, Sfc.

exactly resembles that in the adjoining parish of Milborne
Port, which is not marked, that there is every reason to
suppose that they came from the same maker about the same
time. Further, the stem much resembles that of the cup at
North Cheriton (also in this Deanery) which is dated 1623 ;
and this in its turn is much the same as the one at West
Lydford, which has no date-letter. None of the maker's
marks on this group of cups are given in Cripps.

The cup 6J in. high. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1642 ;
maker's mark, R.W., above a winged horse, not in Cripps.
The bowl has one band of the i*unning Elizabethan decoration,
but coarsely done. There is also an inscription : ' This chalice
belongs to the church of Goatehill ex dono John Molins Anno
Dom- 1711.' The cover fits loosely on the cup; it is quite
plain. The only mark is a shaped punch with concave sides
enclosing the initials I. A. ; struck twice.

A brass alms dish, inscribed : ; Groathill 1862.'
HENST RIDGE. — The cup and cover are perhaps the finest
example of K. Orenge's work. The cup is 8J in. high, the
bowl, of the cone shape, spreading outward at the lip. There
is one band of ornament, the inclosing fillets curved inward to
touch at four points but not interlacing ; the space bet \veen
the fillets is filled with arabesque figures ; the upright designs
at the meeting of the fillets are also of an unusual pattern.
The stem is tubular of the same diameter throughout ; the
knop is large and perfectly plain. At top and bottom of stem
are bands of upright strokes. The foot and the cover have
bands of ornament ; on the button of the letter is the date
1574. A large paten with gadrooned edge on foot, 9J in. in
diam. Marks: 2 offic. for Brit, sterling; letter for 1698;
maker's mark, undecipherable. In the centre, surrounded by
mantling, is a shield, bearing : On a fess three trefoils
slipped between three greyhounds' heads erased and collared
(Churchey) ; imp., A cross engrailed between four wuter-
bougets (Bourchier) ; Crest, A greyhounds' head erased

An Inventory of Church Plate. 22"

holding in his mouth a trefoil slipped. James Churchey of
Wincanton, in his will dated 25 Oct., 1720, mentions William
Churchey of Henstridge, merchant. The Bourchier family
lived at Thornhill in the adjoining parish of Stalbridge. The
pedigree given in Hutchins, iii, Appendix, does not give this
alliance.

Two large cruets with silver-mounted stoppers.

HORSINGTON. — No early plate here. There is a pair of
enormous cups of the early part of the eighteenth century.
Each stands 13 in. high, diameter of lip 6 in., depth of bowl
6| in. They are devoid of ornament, but there is a projecting
rib round the middle of the bowl. The only marks are the
initials C.M.D. (the two latter in a monogram) in a shield be-
tween two dogs trottant to the sinister, not in Cripps. Round
the bowl is an inscription : ' The gift of Thomas Wickham
Rector of Horsington.' There were two rectors of this name,
the first from 1686 to 1725, when his son succeeded and held
the living till 1757. I imagine the donor to be the earlier
Thomas Wickham. In great contrast to the above is a Lilli-
putian cup and cover, only 4J in. high, quite plain. The
marks are nearly obliterated, but the date-letter is that for
1734. On the bowl is the inscription : ' Ex dono rev^i Ant :
Wickham in Usum Parochiae Horsington.' Ant. Wickham
succeeded his half-brother Thomas in 1753, and died 15 Apr.,
1767.

A paten on foot, 9 in. in diam. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for
1723 ; maker's mark, W.D., i.e. William Darker. Under-
icath T.H. churchwardens.

I.W. 1723.

A standing cup and cover of the same pattern as the
^ell-known ' Edmonds ' cup. This magnificent specimen of
lomestic plate stands 12| in. high, and with the cover 20 in.,

te diameter at lip is 5 in., and the depth of the bowl is also

in. It is silver-gilt and elaborately chased and ornamented.

'or its general appearance see the photograph of the cup at

228 Papers, §r.

Yarlington, but the design on the bowl is altogether different.
Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1614 ; maker's mark, I.F. in mono-
gram. Besides the cup at Yarlington, there is another at
Odcombe in this county, and they are to be found in other
churches in England. Their value may be gauged by the fact
that more than twenty years ago, when old plate was not so
much appreciated as it is now, a cup of this fashion, gilt,
weighing 46 oz., was sold by public auction in London for
£200.

Under the lip of the Horsington cup is this inscription :
' Ex dono Benjamini et Johannis Hoskins Gilford fratrum de
Boreham Arm. in com. Wilts.' The descent and connexion of
this family with Horsington is traced by Phelps. The donors
were the sons of Benjamin and Mary, daughter of John
Hoskins Esq., of Beaminster, Dorset. The younger son John
married Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Nicholas Watts
Esq., of Shanks House in Cucklington, ' which after his
marriage he made the place of his residence and died there
without issue 30 July 1744, in the 52nd year of his age.'

MIL BORNE PORT. — The ancient borough possesses a cup
and cover without any marks, but so exactly similar to the one
at Goathill (q.v.} that there can be no doubt that they were
made by the same hand. The cup stands 7£ in. high ; there
is a band of imitation Elizabethan ornament round the bowl,
but coarsely executed. The cover is a marvel of plainness.

A large paten with gadrooned edge on foot ; diameter,
ll^in. Marks: 2 offic.; letter for 1688; maker's mark, P.
under a crown — Benjamin Pyne. Underneath inscribed :
6 Given to the use of the Church of Milborne-Port in Somersett-
shire by Sr Thomas Trauell in ye year of our Lord 1691.'
Sir Thomas Travell, knt., was owner of Ven in this parish,
and M.P. for the borough 1689-1713. He sold Yen about
1708 to James Medlycott, Esq., whose son Thomas presented
the flagon. This is one of the usual tankard pattern, 9J in.
high to lip ; the foot is not so extravagant as in many pieces of

An Inventory of Church Plate. 229

this period. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1733 ; maker's mark,
G.S. — Gabriel Sleath. Inscription under foot : ' The gift of
Thos. Medlycott Esq»'- of Ven. Churchwarden 1734.' He
represented the borough in several parliaments, and died 21st
July, 1763, aged 67.

A silver spoon of the same design as the gold one used at
the Coronation. Inscribed : ' Sanctissimo Jesu D.D. 1890.'

MILBORNE WICK. — An outlying hamlet of Milborne Port,
with a modern district chapel. The plate consists of a beau-
tiful silver-gilt chalice and paten of mediaeval design, bearing
the inscription : ' Sanctissimo Jesu ad usum Oratorii juxta
flumen in Yico de Milborne, D.D. Vicarius 1891.' The donor
was Rev. W. J. Birkbeck, vicar of Milborne Port, 1883-1894.

NORTH CHERITON. — A plain cup and paten of Jacobean
period. The cup stands 7} in. high. The bowl is gilt within,
no ornamentation. The stem and knop resemble the cups at
Lydford West, Milborne Port, and Groathill, q.v. ; these parts
and foot are inferior to many cups of this period. The paten
is also plain : it has within a flat rim a shallow depression,
which receives the lip of the cup. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for
1623 ; maker's mark, C.X., on the X a small bird, not in
Cripps. A flagon electro-plated.

POYNTINGTON. — The cup here has a baluster stem (so called
because it resembles a baluster turned in a lathe), instead of
the ordinary stem divided in the middle by a knop. It stands
7^ in. high. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1634 ; maker's mark,
W.S., in shield. Cripps gives this mark for 1640, with the
addition of a small mullet below, which may have been oblit-
erated in this case. P. is rudely scratched under foot, and
there are signs of an inscription having been erased. This
was probably done when the cup came to Poyntington. In
the churchwardens' account for 1723 is this entry : 'Paid for
changing ye plate £1 14s. Oc?.' This seems to imply that then
I the churchwardens procured this cup with a modern cover,
I giving in exchange some older and smaller vessel and 34s. to

230 Paper*, $c.

make up the balance. The present cover is simply fashioned
out of a piece of silver plate, the edge turned up to form a
flange, and a foot added on the other side. Round the foot :
' Poyntington 1723 ' ; no other mark.

Paten and flagon, given by the Malet family, and bearing
their arms. Paten on foot, width 8 in., weight 10 oz. 15 dwt.
In centre, a shield surrounded by stiif mantling, bearing :
three escallops, two in chief and one in base. Marks : 2 offic. ;
date-letter rather broken, but perhaps that for 1659 ; maker's
mark, D.R. Flagon, tankard pattern with flat lid ; 8J in.
high ; diameter of foot 6 J in. Same arms as on paten. Marks :
2 offic. ; letter for 1664 ; maker's mark, H.B. in monogram, with
mullet below. The donor was probably Sir Thomas Malet, a
judge of the Common Pleas, who was buried here 17th
December, 1665, aged 83. For an account of this branch of
the family, their triumphs and their wrongs, sec Som. Arch.
Proceedings, vol. xvi, ii, 67 and vol. xx, ii, 107. A silver
dish of the Victorian era.

SANDFORD ORCAS. — The cup seems to be of two periods.
It is 5| in. high, the bowl is uuusually wide for its depth. ; its
diameter being 3f in., and depth, 3 J in.; it is quite plain. The
stem and foot seem to belong to an Elizabethan cup, to judge
from the egg-and-dart ornament round the latter. The stem
has a small annular projection instead of a knop, it is roughly
soldered to the bowl. No marks. The cover is quite plain
with small foot or button. The only marks are two makers'
stamps : the first, the letters A. A., within a shield ; the second,
the same initials within two circles, the inner one broken.
Each of the marks is struck twice. Each pair is accompanied
by another mark, too far gone to be clearly made out ; one
seems to be a hand pointing up to the left.

Flagon t)f the tankard pattern, with spreading feet ; lOf in.
high. Marks : 2 offic. ; letter for 1727 ; maker's mark, R.B. —
Richard Bayley. Plain paten on foot, 7| in. wide. Marks :
2 offic.; letter for 1722; maker's mark, W.D.— William

An Inventory of Church Plate. 231

Darker. Inscribed on under side : ' The gift of Mrs. Eliz.
Hunt.' The donor, who presented to the living in 1723, was
the daughter of Edmund Lloyd, of London, Esq., and second
wife (and widow) of John Hunt, of Sanford Orcas. and Comp-
ton Pauncefoot. She died 9th September, 1758, aged 72.
(Phelps.)

STOWELL. — A small cup and cover of very peculiar
design. The bowl of the cup is concave, 2 J in. wide at the lip,
and 2f in. at the base, which is square-edg.d instead of round-
ing off gradually. It has two fillets filled in with intermittent
lines interlacing at the usual intervals, but the space between
is left blank. The stem and foot are of the Gillingham type
of cup (Nightingale, Wilts Plate, p. 82). The neck of the
stem has a band of upright lines, then comes a large flange or
knop, with bands of cable moulding round both edges ; the
stem is trumpet-shaped with a plain foot. The cover is plain,
on the button 1574 within a circle filled in within chevron
hatching. There is no mark on the cup ; on the cover a small
star with five points. This mark is also found on the Eliza-
bethan cups at South Barrow and Keinton Mandeville (Castle
Cary Deanery), but they are not at all like the one at Stowell,
though differing in details from the ordinary type.

(ZEDmunn CfnsfjolmOBatten.

SINCE our last issue the Society has sustained a great loss
by the death of one who took, for many years, a lively
interest in its welfare, and was almost to the last a constant
attendant at meetings of the Committee. Mr. Edmund Chis-
holm-Batten, who was a J.P. for the county of Somerset, was
born in 1817, and for many years resided on his manor of
Thornfalcon, near Taunton. He was educated at Sherborne
School, where he succeeded Mr. T. E. Rogers (Chancellor of
the Diocese of Bath and Wells) as head boy.

In 1834 he proceeded to the University of Edinburgh, and
the Life and Letters of Principal J. D. Forbes (a book which his
godson, Major J. Forbes Chisholm-Batten, has presented to our
Library) tells how the young English student was the favour-
ite pupil and the life-Ions friend of the young Scotch Professor.
Subsequently he was called to the Bar. The Gentleman s
Magazine for 1843 records : — " On August 1st, at Windlesham,
Edmund Batten, barrister-at-law, to Jemima, only sister of
The Chisholm." On The Chisholm's death in 1858, this lady
became the representative, the heiress-at-law, of the three last
chiefs, her father and her two brothers. Edmund Batten then
assumed the prefix of Chisholm, by Royal licence, and from
that time his annual visit to Scotland, kept up till 1896, was
usually extended to the Highlands. But he never lost touch
with his native county. Literary tastes seemed to have been
inherited with the manor of Thornfalcon, for his ancestor,
Robert Batten, whose estate at Pitminster was sold to buy
that manor, is credited with having written, over the initials

Obituary.

233

R. B., in the Spectator, to his friend, Sir Richard Steele. Mr.
Chisholm-Batten wrote on various subjects (we give a list of
his works at the end of this notice), and was interested in
many associations, and was strenuous in all. Besides our own
Society, he was a member of the Northern Meeting, the High-
land Society of London, the Royal Society of Edinburgh, the
Somersetshire Society, the Tithe Redemption Trust, and the
Somersetshire Discharged Prisoners' Aid Society, whilst the
biographer of Bishop Fox was gratefully nominated by Corpus
Christi College, Oxford, as their representative on the govern-
ing body of Bishop Fox?s School at Taunton. He was one of
the earliest members of the British Association, and had been
for more than fifty years a member of The Athenaeum.

Mr. Chisholm-Batten died at Thornfalcon on Saturday the
13th of February, 1897, and was buried there (under the shadow
of the church which he had repaired from floor to roof) beside
his wife, who died in 1883 in the forty-first year of their
marriage.

The following is a list of his contributions to the Proceedings
of the Som. Arch, and Nat. Hist. Society.

On the Cause of the Heat of the Bath Waters ... xxii, ii, 52

Gaulden Farm . .. ... .. ... xxiii, ii, 70

Henry VII in Somersetshire ... ... ... xxv, ii, 49

The Holy Thorn of GlastonVmry ... ... ... xxvi, ii, 117

Letter Missive of King Henry VII to John Calycote of

Shepton Mallet

The Admiralty Court of Minehead
The Forest Trees of Somerset —The Walnut ...

„ The Elm

Obituary Notice of O. W. Malet
The Centenary of William Smith, LL.D., the Father of

English Geology
Burton Pynsent

Besides these he edited— "The Charters of Beauly Priory,
iverness-shire," in 1877, and in 1889 "The Register of
Richard Fox, Bishop of Bath and Wells (1492-4)." To the
itter he added, as an Introduction, a most valuable life of that
>relate.

J. R. B.

xxx, ii, 159

xxxv, ii, 46

xxxvi, ii, 175

xxxvii, ii, 106

xxxvii, ii, 127

xxxviii, ii, 351
xl, ii, 155

VoL XL1J1 (Third Strict, Vol. HI), Part If.

SOMERSETSHIRE

ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY

SOCIETY.

SDfficers, sgjemfcers anD BMe0, 1897.

Patron :
THE RIGHT HONOURABLE THE LORD CARLINGFORD, K.P.

E. J. STANLEY, ESQ., M.R

THE RT. HON. SIR THOMAS DYKE ACLAND, BART.

THE RIGHT REV. THE LORD BISHOP OF BATH AND WELLS.

JOHN BATTEN, ESQ., F.S.A.

G. T. CLARK, ESQ., F.S.A.

THE RT. HON. THE EARL OF CORK AND ORRERY, K.P.

SIR GEO. WM. EDWARDS.

C. I. ELTON, ESQ., Q.O., F.S.A. SIR E. H. ELTON, BART.

H. HOBHOUSE, ESQ., M.P. COLONEL HOSKYNS.

THE RIGHT HON. THE LORD HYLTON.

GEORGE FOWNES LUTTRELL, ESQ.

THE RT. HON. SIR RICHARD H. PAGET, BART. COL. WM. PINNEY.
THE RIGHT HON. THE VISCOUNT PORTMAN.

W. A. SANFORD, ESQ.

HENRY DUNCAN SKRINE, ESQ.

SIR EDWARD STRACIIEY, BART. E. B. CELY TREVILIAN, ESQ.

Crugtees :

HENRY JEFFRIES BADCOCK, ESQ.

JOHN BATTEN, ESQ.

JAMES FORBES CHISHOLM-BATTEN, ESQ.

LIEUT. -CoL. JAMES ROGER BRAMBLE.

CHARLES I. ELTON, ESQ., Q.C.

A. J. GOODFORD, ESQ.

HENRY HOBHOUSE, ESQ., M.P.
SIR A. A. HOOD, BART., M.P.
GEORGE FOWNES LUTTRELL, ESQ.
WILLIAM AYSHFORD SANFORD, ESQ.
EDWARD J. STANLEY, ESQ., M.P.
THE RT. HON. THE EARL TEMPLE.

^Treasurer :
HENRY JEFFRIES BADCOCK, ESQ.

(General .Secretaries :
LIEUT. -COL J. R. BRAMBLE, F.S.A. REV. F.-W. WEAVEK, M.A.

Officers.

235

59 Strict or Hocal Secretaries:
Rev. Preb. Buller, North Curry Rev. Preb. Herringham, Williton

E. E. Baker, F.S.A., Weston-s.-Mare
Rev. E. H. Bates, Bay ford,

Wincanton

John Batten, F.S.A., Yeovil
J. G. L. Bulleid, Glastonbury
J. O. Cash, Castle Cary
Rev. Canon Church, F.S.A., Wells
Rev. Preb. Coleman, Cheddar
Rev. J. J. Coleman, Holcombe
G. A. Daniel, Frome
C. W. Dare, North Curry
Wm. Daubeny, Bath
Sir E. H. Elton, Bart., Clevedon
C. H. Fox, Wellington
Rev. Preb. Gale, Yatton
Wm. George, Bristol
Rev. Preb. Grafton, Castle Cary
Rev. F. Hancock, Selworthy
Rev. D. LI. Hayward, Langport

and Old Cleeve

Rev. S. H. A. Hervey, Wedmore
Rev. Preb. T. S. Holmes, Wookey
Rev. Preb. W. Hook, Porlock
Rev. W. Hunt, Congresbury
W. M. Kelly, M.D., Taunton
F. Mitchell, Chard
Hugh Norris, South Petherton
Rev. E. Peacock, Nunney
Edwin Sloper, London
Rev Gilbert E. Smith, Somerton
Geo. Sweetman, Wincanton
Charles Tite.

Rev.H.G.Tomkins, Weston-s.-Mare
Rev. F. W. Weaver, Milton Cleve-
don, Evercreech
Rev. W. P. Williams, Weston-super-

Mare
W. L. Winterbotham, Bridgwater

H. Alford

Rev. Preb. Buller

R. H. Sears

Rev. A. H. A. Smith

J. E. W. Waketield

Rev. J. Worthington

Committee :

Rev. Preb. Ask with
Major Chisholm-Batten
F. T. Elworthy
A. Maynard
Rev. D. J. Pring
Rev. F. S. P. Scale

The President, Vice- Presidents, Trustees, Treasurer, General and Local
Secretaries, are ex-officio Members of the Committee.

. .Sec. & Curator:
William Bidgood, Taunton Castle.

236 Honorary and Corresponding Members.

uf ttre f igott Colletta 0f ipratomgs, Somerset,

The Lord Lieutenant of the County.

The Lord Bishop of the Diocese.

The Members of Parliament for the County.

The Chairman of Quarter Sessions.

The Clerk of the Peace for the County.

lejmentatitoe ®OTtee on %

Col. WILLIAM LONG

trustee 0n % Jjlttrester ®0tou ten.

A. J. GrOODFORo, Esq.

Jonorarg ani Cormjjontog Ambers.

Acland, Sir H. W., M.D., Regius Professor of Medicine, Oxford.

Babington, C. C, Esq., F.R.S., F.S.A., Professor of Botany, 5, Brook-
side, Cambridge.

Bond, E. A., Esq., C.B., LL.D., Princes Square, London, W.

Dawkins, W. Boyd, Esq., F.R.S., F.S.A., F.G.S., etc., Professor of
Geology, Owens College, Manchester, Woodhurst, Fallow-field,
Manchester.

Dimock, Rev. J. F., Barnborough, Doncaster.

Earle, Rev. J., M.A., Oriel, Professor of Anglo-Saxon, Oxford,
Swains wick Rectory, Bath.

Lloyd, Dr., Sec. Archaeological and Natural History Society,
Warwick.

Stubbs, Right Rev. Dr., Bishop of Oxford.

Wilson, Daniel, Esq., LL.D., Professor of English Language,
Toronto, Canada,

of Sheeting

Cfce ©omersetstnte archaeological ant) jQatural

Society,

Place of Meeting.

1849 TAUNTON

1850 TAUNTON

„ BRIDGWATER
„ FROME
WELLS

1851 WESTON-S.-MARE

1852 BATH

1853 YEOVIL

1854 TAUNTON

1855 DUNSTER

1856 BRIDGWATER

1857 BRUTON

1858 BRIDGWATER

1859 GLASTONBURY ...

1860 CLEVEDON

1861 LANGPORT

1862 WELLINGTON

1863 WELLS

1864 BURNHAM

1865 SHEPTON MALLET
.866 ILMINSTER
.867 BRISTOL
.868 WILLITON
.869 AXBRIDGE

President.

Sir W. C. Trevelyan, Bart.
Kev. F. B. Portman.
The Earl of CavaD.
F. H. Dickinson, Esq.
The Eight Hon. and Right Eev.

Baron Auckland, Lord Bishop

of Bath and Wells.
T. T. Knyfton, Esq.
W. H. P. Gore-Langton, Esq.
Wm. Pinney, Esq.
Right Hon. H. Labouchere.
Sir W. C. Trevelyan, Bart.
Wm. Stradling, Esq.
Rt. Hon. Lord Talbot de Malahide
The Hon. P. P. Bouverie.
F. H. Dickenson, Esq.
R. N. Grenville, Esq.
R. N. Grenville, Esq.

E. A. Sanford, Esq.

F. H. Dickinson, Esq.
F. H. Dickinson, Esq.
R. H. Paget, Esq.

R. T. Combe, Esq.
Sir Edward Strachey, Bart.
Sir A. A. Hood, Bart.
Wm. Long, Esq.

238

Places of Meeting*

Place of Meeting.

1870 WlNCANTON

1871 CREWKERNE

1872 TAUNTON

1873 WELLS

1874 SHERBORNE

1875 FROME

1876 BATH

1877 BRIDGWATER

1878 BRUTON

1879 TAUNTON

1880 GrLASTONBURY ...

1881 CLEVEDON

1882 CHARD

1883 WlVELISCOMBE ...

1884 SHEPTON MALLET

1885 WESTON-S.-MARE

1886 YEOYIL

1887 BRISTOL

1888 WELLS

1889 MlNEHEAD

1890 CASTLE CARY

1891 CREWKERNE

1892 WELLINGTON

1893 FROME

1894 LANGPORT

1895 BATH

1896 SHERBORNE

1897 BRIDGWATER

President.

Sir W. C. Medlycott, Bart.

E. A. Freeman, Esq.

W. A. Sanford, Esq.

The Rt. Hon. and Rt. Rev. Lord

Arthur Hervey, Lord Bishop of

Bath and Wells.
H. Danby Seymour, Esq.
Rt. Hon. the Earl of Cork.
Jerom Murch, Esq.
The Hon. and Rt. Rev. Bishop

Clifford.

Rev. Canon Meade.
Rev. Canon Meade.
E. A. Freeman, Esq.
E. H. Elton, Esq.
C. I. Elton, Esq.
W. E. Surtees, Esq.
Rt. Hon. Lord Carlingford.
Rt. Hon. Lord Carlingford.
John Batten, Esq.
Sir Gr. W. Edwards.
The Rt. Hon. and Rt. Rev. Lord

Arthur Hervey, Lord Bishop of

Bath and Wells.
Gr. F. Luttrell, Esq.
H. Hobhouse, Esq., M.P.
Col. A. R. Hoskins.
W. A. Sanford, Esq.
The Rt. Hon. Lord Hylton.
E. B. Cely Trevilian, Esq.
H. Duncan Skrine, Esq.
J. K. D. Wingfield-Digby, Esq.,

M.P.
Edward J. Stanley, Esq., M.P.

Societies in CorresponDence, for tbe ©ccimnge
of publications.

Royal Archaeological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland.
British Association.
British Museum.

British Museum (Natural History).
British Archaeological Association.
Society of Antiquaries of Ireland.
Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
Royal Irish Academy.
Royal Society of Antiquaries of London.
Guildhall Library, London.

Associated Architectural Societies of Northampton, etc.
Sussex Archaeological Society.

Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and Natural History.
Surrey Archaeological Society.
Lancashire and Cheshire Historic Society.
Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society.
London and Middlesex Archaeological Society.
Plymouth Institution and Devon and Cornwall Natural His-
tory Society.

Kent Archaeological Society.

Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society.
Powys Land Club, Montgomeryshire.
Derbyshire Archaeological and Natural History Society.
Shropshire Archaeological and Natural History Society.

Berkshire Archaeological and Architectural Society.

[ertfordshire Natural History Society.

Issex Archaeological Society.

forfolk and Norwich Archaeological Society.

Leicestershire Architectural and Archaeological Society.

240 Corresponding Societies.

Royal Institution of Cornwall.

Yorkshire Archaeological Society.

Buckingham Architectural and Archaeological Society.

Northamptonshire Naturalists' Society.

Bath Natural History and Antiquarian Field Club.

Geologists' Association.

Royal Dublin Society.

Bristol Naturalists' Society.

Liverpool Literary and Philosophical Society.

Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society.

Barrow Naturalists' Field Club.

Essex Field Club.

Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle-on-Tyne.

Cambridge Antiquarian Society.

Chester Archaeological and Historical Society.

Clifton Antiquarian Club.

Hampshire Field Club.

Thoresby Society, Leeds.

Folk-Lore Society.

Postal Microscopic Society.

The Reliquary and Illustrated Archaeologist.

Royal Norwegian University, Christiana.

Geological Institution of the University of Upsala, Sweden.

Canadian Institute.

Smithsonian Institution, Washington, U.S.

Bureau of American Ethnology, Washington, U.S.

United States Geological Survey, Washington, U.S.

Essex Institute, Salem, Massachusetts, U.S.

New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, U.S.

Academy of Natural Sciences, Davenport, Iowa, U.S.

Old Colony Historical Society, Taunton, Mass., U.S.

Geological Department of the University of California.

Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, U.S.

Societe Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles, Lausanne.

Societe Archeologique de Bordeaux.

Hist of 9@em&ers for 1897.

Those marked * are Life Members.
Those marked f are Members of the General Committee.

Acland, C. T. D. Holnicote, Taunton
fAcland, Rt. Hon. Sir T. D., Bart., Killerton Park,

Devon, V.P.
Adams, W. Taunton

Adlam, William, F.S.A. Manor House, Chew Magna, Bristol
5 Aldridge, Rev. Preb. W. W. Wcston-supcr-Mare
Aldworth, Major Robert, West Coker
Alford, Rev. I). P. Elm Grove, Taunton
Alford, H. Taunton
Alford, H. J., M.D. Taunton
10 Allen, F. J., M.D. Professor of Physiology, Mason College,

Birmingham

Allen, Miss, The Avenue, Taunton
Allhusen, Wilton, Pinhay, Lyme Regis
Altham, Mrs. Timbcrcombe, AisJiolt, Bridgwatcr
Anderson, Rev. C. G. Ottcrhampton, Bridgwatcr
15 Arnold, Rev. W. Burrowhidge, Bridgwater

Ashworth-Hallett, Mrs. L. S. Claverton Lodge, Bathwick

Hill, Bath

Askwith, Rev. Preb. Taunton
Atkins, J. M. Wells
Austen, Rev. E. G. Pcnselwood, Bath

20 Aveline, H. T. S. Cotford, Norton Fitzwarren, Taunton
Aveline, Wm. Talbot, 15, Kensington Terrace, Kensington

Park, London, S.E.

Badcock, Daniel, Kilve Court, Bridgwater
jBadcock, H. J. Pitminster, Taunton, Trustee, Treasurer
Bagehot, Mrs. Walter, Herd's Hill, Langport
Jo Bailward, T. H. M. Manor House, HOT sing ton
t Baker, E. E., F.S.A. Wcston-supcr-Mare
Baker, W. Proctor, Sandhill Park, Taunton
Baker, Rev. S. O.
Baker, W. T. Bridgwatcr
30 Barker, E. V. P. Glastonbury

Vol. XL11I (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. hk

242 List of Members for 1897.

Barnard, Miss Constance E. The Liberty , Wells

Barnicott, Reginald, Taunton

Barnstaple, North Devon Athenseum

Barrett, Jonathan, Taunton
35 Barrett, Major, Moredon House, North Curry

Barstow, J. Jackson, The Lodge, Weston-saper-Marc

Bartlett, Rev. R. Grosvenor, Corfe Castle, Wareham,
Dorset

Bartrum, J. S. 13, Gay Street, Bath
jBates, Rev. E. H. Bayford, Wincanton
40 Bathurst, A. 2, New Square, Lincoln s Inn, London

Batten, Henry B. Aldon, Ycovil

Batten, H. Gary G. Leigh Lodge, Abbots Leigh, Bristol

Batten, John Beardmore „ „

Batten, H. Phelips, Hollands, Yeovil
45|Batten, John, F.S.A. Aldon, Ycovil, Trustee, v.p.

Batten, Lieut.-Col. J. Mount, Mornington Lodge, West
Kensington, W.

Beames, J. Netherciay, Taunton

Beck, Rev. W. J. Sutton Montis, Sparkford
*Beddoej J., M.D., r.R.S. The Chantry, Bradford-on-Avoii
50 Bell, J. H. Dalton Lees, Huddersfidd

Bell, Rev. W. A. Chartynch, Bridy water

Bennett, H. E. Sparkford, Bath

Bennett, Mrs. 5, Bardwell Road, Oxford

Bennett, T. O. Bruton
55 Bentley, F. J. R. Woodlands, Wellington

Bere, Charles, Milverton

Berkeley, Rev. G. W. Butlcigh

Bernard, Rev. Canon, Wells

Bicknell, A. S. 23, Onslow Gardens, South Kensington
60 Birkbeck, Rev. W. J. Tower House, Salisbury

Bisdee, Alfred, hutton Court, Weston-supcr-Marc

Blake, W. Bridge, South Petherton

Blakiston, A. A. Glastonbury

Blathwayt, Lieut.-Col. Linley, Eagle House* Bathcaston
65 Blathwayt, Rev. Wynter E. Dyrham, Chippenha.m

Blathwayt, Rev. W. T. Dyrkam, Chippcnham

Bond, Rev. R. S. Thome, Yeovil

Booker, Win. Thomas, Wellington

Boston Public Library, Boston, U.S. America
70 Bothamley, Ven. Archdeacon, Richmond Lodge, Bftth

Bothamley, C. H. Ottcncood, Bcaconsjield Road, Weston-
supcr-Mare

Bourdillon, E. D. Dinder House, Wells

List of Member* for 1897. 243

Bouverie, H. H. P. Srymore House, Bridgutater

Bouverie, Miss Alice „ „

75 Bownes, Rev. Jas. Creech St. Michael

Boys, Rev. H. A. North Cadbury Rectory ', Bath
Braikenridge, W. Jerdone, Clevedon
t Bramble, Lieut. -Col., F.S.A. Seafield, Weston-super-Mare,

Trustee, General Secretary
Bridport, The Rt. Hon. The Viscount, G.C.B. Cricket

Lodge, Chard
80 Broadmead, W. B. Enmore Castle

Broderip, Edmund, Cossington Manor, Bridgwater
Brown, F. W. Chardleic/h Green, Chard
Brown, F. W. Chard
Brown, G. Gordon
85 Brown, John, Wadeford, Chard

Brown, T. Loader, Chardleigh Green, Chard

Brown, W. H. M. Sherbome

Brownlow, Rt. Rev. Bishop, Bishop's House, Park Place,

Clifton, Bristol

Brutton, J. 7, Princes Street, Yeovil
90 Buckle, Edmund, 23, Bedford Row, London, W. C.
Buckle, Rev. Canon, Wells
Bull, Rev. Thos. Williamson, Paulton
Bulleid, Arthur, F.S.A. Glastonbury
tBulleid, J. G. L. Glastonbury
95 Bulleid, G. L. Glastonbury

tBuller, Rev. Preb. W. E, North Curry, Local Secretary
Bunny, J. Brice, Bishops Lydeard
Burridge, W. The Willows, Wellington
Bush, John, 9, Pembroke Road, Clifton, Bristol
100 Bush, R. C. 1, Winifreds Dale, Bath

Bush, Rev. T. C. Hornblotton Rectory, Castle Cary, Bath
Bush, Thos. S. Dale Cottage, Charlcombe, Bath
Buttanshaw, Rev. Preb. J. 22, St. James' Square, Bath
Caillard, His Honour Judge, Wingfield House, Trowbridge
105 Capel, J. P. Wcston-super-Mare

Carlingford, The Rt. Hon. The Lord, K.P. The Priory,

Chewton Mendip, Bath, Patron
Cart wright, Rev. A. R. Clevedon
Cartwright, Rev. H. A. Whitestaunton
fCash, J. O. Wincanton, Local Secretary
10 Chaffey-Chaffey, Robert, East Stoke
Chaffey, Richard, Chard

Chafyn-Grove, G. Troyte, North Coker House, Yeovil
Chapman, Arthur Allan, Taunton

244 List of Member* for 1897.

Cheetham, F. H. Tetton, Kingston, Taunton
115 Chisholm-Batten, E. Tkornfalcon, and Athenaeum Club,

London (deceased)
f Chisholm-Batten, Major J. F. Thornfalcon, Taunton

(Trustee)
t Church, Rev. Canon, F.S.A. Sub-Dean, Wells (Local Sec.)

Clark, Frank J. Street

fClark, G. T., F.S.A. Ta,lycjarn, Llantrissant, V.P.
120 Clark, W. S. Street
Clarke, A. A. Wells
Clarke, C. P. Taunton
Clerk, E. H. Burford, Shepton Mallet
Clive, J. Ronald, Combe Florey
125 Clothier, S. T. Street

fColeman, Rev. Preb. James, 2, Vicars' Close, Wells
fColeman, Rev. J. J. Holcombe Rectory, Bath
Coles, Mrs. Shepton Beaucliamp
Coles, Rev. V. S. S. Shepton Beauchamp
130 Coif ox, Win. West-mead^ near Bridport

Collins, Rev. J. A. W. Newton St. Cyres, Exeter
Cooper, Rev. Sydney, Christ Church, Frome
tCork and Orrery, The Right Hon. The Earl of, K.P.

Marston, Frome, V.P.
Corner, H., Taunton

135 Corner, Samuel, 95, Forest Road West, Nottingham
Corner, Edward, The Bower, Wellington
Cornish, Rev. Chas. E. Redcliff Vicarage, Bristol
Cornish, R. Cedar House, Axminster, Devon
Cottam, A. Basil, Bridgwatcr
140 Cotchin, W. G. Taunton

Cox, H., The Avenue, Minchead

Crawley-Boevey, Rev. R. L. Doynton Rectory, Bristol
Crespi, A. J. H., M.D. Cooma, Poole Road, Wimborne
Cutler, Jonathan, Richmond House, Wellington
145 Dampier-Bide, Thos. Wm. Kingston Manor, Yeovil

Daniel, Rev. H. A. Manor House, Stockland Bristol,

Bridgwatcr

Daniel, Rev. W. E. Horsington Rectory, Templecombe
t Daniel, G. A. Nunney Court, Frame
fDare, Chas. Wm. Fosse, North Curry
150 Daubeny, W. A. Clevelands, near Dawlish

tDaubeny, W. Stratton House, Park Lane, Bath
Davies, Hitchings, Somerton
Davis, J. Trevor, Newland House, Sherborne
Davis, Major C. E. 55, Pulteney Street, Bath.

List of Member* for 1897. 245

155 Davis, Mrs. The Warren, North Curry

Day, H. C. A. Oriel Lodge, Walton, Bristol

De la Hey, Rev. E. Oldridge, Bathealton

Denman, Thos. Isaac, Yeoml

Derham, Henry, Sneyd Park, Clifton, Bristol
160 Derham, Walter, 76, Lancaster Gate, London, W.

Dobree, S., The Briars, Ealing, W.

Dobson, Mrs. Oakwood, Bathwick Hill, Bath

Doggett, H. Greenfield, 31, Richmond Terrace, Clifton

Dowell, Rev. A. G. Henstridgc, Blandford, Dorset
165 Drayson, C. D. Courtlands, Taunton

Duckworth, Rev. W. A. Orchardleigh Park, Frome

Dudman, Miss Catherine L. Pitney House, Langport

Dunn, William, Frome

Dupuis, Rev. T. C. Burnham
170 Dyke, C. P. Totteridge, Herts

Dymond, Rev. H. N. Chaffcombe, Chard

Dyson, Jno. Moorlands, Crewkerne

Eastlake, C. Locke, Long Sutton House, Langport

Easton, Richard, Taunton.
175 Eberle, J. F. Ebor Villa, 96, Pembroke Road, Clifton

Eden, Mrs. The Grange, Kingston

Edwards, Sir Geo. Wm. Sea Walls, Sneyd Park, Stoke

Bishop, Bristol, v.P.
fElton, C. I., Q.C., F.S.A. Manor House, Whitestaiinton,

Trustee, V.P.

fElton, Sir E. H. Bart. Clevedon Court, v.P.
180 Elton, W. Hcathfield Hall, Taunton
fElworthy, F. T. Foxdown, Wellington

Ernst, Mrs. Wcstcombe House, Evercreech, Bath

Esdaile, C. E. J. Cothelstonc

Esdaile, Geo. The Old Rectory, Platt-in-Ruskolme

Manchester
185 Esdaile, Rev. W. Sandford Orcas, Sherborne

Evans, Sir J., K.C.B., F.R.S. Nash Mills, Hemel Hemp-
stead

Evans, W. H. Ford Abbey, Chard

Ewing, Mrs. Taunton

Fitz-Gerald, Major, J.P. Walton, Clevedon
190 Fligg, Wm. M.B. Weston-super-Mare

Foley, R. Y. Elmwood, Bridgwater

Foster, E. A. Finder, King sker swell, Devon

Foster, F. C. Bridgwater

Foster, Major, Bath
195 Fowler, Rev. C. A. Walton-in-Gordano

246 List of Members for 1897.

Fowler, Wm. H. Claremont, Taunton
Fowler, Gerald „ ,.

fFox, C. H. Wellington

Fox, F. F. Yate House, Chipping Sodbnry
200 Fox, Rev. J. C. Templecombe

Fox, Sylvanus, Linden, Wellington
Foxcroft, E. T. D. Hinton Charterhouse, Bath
Franklin, H. Taunton
Frome Literary Institute

205 Fry, The Rt. Hon. Sir Edwd., P.C., F.S.A., late Lord
Justice of Appeal, Failand House, Long Ashton, Bristol
Fry, E. A. 172. Edmund Street, Birmingham
Fry, Mrs. „ „

fGale, Rev. Prebendary I. S. Cleeve, Yatton, Local Sec.

Galpin, Wm. Horwood^ Wincanton
210 George, Frank, Top Corner, Park Street, Bristol.

George, Rev. Philip Edward, Winifred House, Bath
fGeorge, Wm. St. Wulfstans, Durdham Park, Bristol,

Local Sec.

*Gibbs, Antony, Tyntes field, Wraxall, Nailsea, R.S.O.
*Gibbs, Henry Martin, Barroiv Court, Barrow Guniey,

Bristol

215 Gibson, Rev. Prebendary, The Vicarage, Leeds
Gifford, J. Wm. Oakland*, Chard

Giles, A. H. Churchill Court, Churchill, R.S.O., Somerset
Giles, W. J. Wellington
Gillett, A. Street
220 Good, Thos. Bridgwater

fGoodford, A. J. Chilton Cantelo, Ilchester, Trustee
Goodland, Thos. Taunton
Goodman, Edwin, Yarde House, Taunton
Gough, Wm. Langport

225fGrafton, Rev. Prebendary A. W. Castle Cary, Local Sec.
Grant, Lady, Logic Elphinstone, Pitcaple, Aherdecnshire
Grant, Rev. C. Glastonhury
Grant, Capt. The Chantry, Frome
Green, E., F.S.A. Devonshire Club, St. James' Street,

London, S.W.
230*Greenfield, B. W., F.S.A. 4, Cranbury Terrace, Southampton

(deceased)

Greswell, Rev. W. H. P. Dodington
H addon, Chas. Taunton
Haddon, J. S. Wellington
Hadwen, Walter R., M.D. Highbridgc

List' of Members for 1897. 247

235 Hall, Henry, 19, Doughty Street, Mecklenburgh Square,

London

Hall, Rev. H. F. Leasbrook, Dixton, Monmotith
Hall, J. F., Sharcombe, Dinder, Wells.
Hamlet, Rev. J. Barrington

Hamling, J. G. The Close, Newport, Barnstaple
240 Hammett, A. Taunton

fHancock, Rev. F. F.S.A. Selworthy Rectory, Taunton,

Local Sec.

Harford, Wm. H. Old Bank, Bristol
Harford, Rev. Prebendary, Marston Bigot, Frame
Harrod, H. H. 31, Evelyn Gardens, London, S.W.
245 Harvey, John, Jun. Denmark Street, Clifton

*Hawkesbury, The Rt. Hon. Lord, 2, Carlton House Ter-
race, Pall Mall, London, S. W.

fHayward, Rev. Douglas LI. Pitney, Local Secretary
Heale, Rev. C. H. St. Decuman s, Watcliet, Bridy water
Healey, C. E. H. Chadwyck, Q.C., 119, Harley Street, W.,

and, New Place, Porlock
250 Heathcote, Rev. S. J. Williton

Hellier, Rev. H. Gr. Nempnctt Rectory, Chew Stoke, Bristol
Hellier, Mrs. Nempnett Rectory, Chew Stoke, Bristol
Helyar, Colonel, Poundisford Lodge, Taunton
Henley, Colonel, C. H. Leigh House, Chard
255tHerringham, Rev. Preb. W. W. Old Cleeve
fHervey, Rev. S. H. A. Wcdmorc

Hewlett, Mrs. Preaiis Green, Worle, Wcston-supcr-Mare
Hickes, Rev. T. H. F. Draycot
Higgins, F. Chard

260 Higgins, John, Pyllc, Shcpton Mallet
Hill, B. H.

Hill, Chas. Clcvedon Hall, Clevedon
Hill, Sir Edw., K.C.B., Rookwood, Llandaff, and Hazel

Manor, Compton Martin, Bristol
Hill, W. J. C. Langport
265 Hippisley, W. J. 15, New Street, Wells
Hobhouse, The Rt. Rev. Bishop, Wells
fHobhouse, H., M.P. Hadspen House, Castle Cary, Trustee,

v.P.
Hobhouse, Rt. Hon. Lord, K.c.S.i. 15, Bruton Street,

London, W.

Hodgkinson, W. S. Glcncot, Wells
270 Holland, W. T. The Lions, Bridgwatcr

Holloway, J. H. Erstfield, Wells
tHolmes, Rev. Preb. T. S. Wookey, Wells, Local Secretary

248 List of Members for 1897.

fHood, Sir Alexander A eland, Bart, M.P., St. Audries,

Bridgwater, Trustee

jHook, Rev. Preb. W. Porlock, Local Secretary
275 Home, Rev. Ethelbert, Downside Monastery, Bath
Horner, J. F. Fortescue, Mells
Hoskyns, H. W. North Perrot Manor, Crewkerne
fHoskyns, Col. South Petherton, v.P.

Houston, H. S. Lindenfels, Frome
280 Hudd, A. E., F.S.A. 94, Pembroke-road, Clifton
Hughes, Rev. F. L. Lydeard St. Lawrence
Humphreys, A. L. 187, Piccadilly, London, W.
fHunt, Rev. W. 24, Phillimore Gardens, Campden Hill,

Kensington, W.

Hunt, Win. Alfred, Pen, Yeovil
285 Hutchings, H. Sandford Orcas, Sherborne

fHylton, The Rt. Hon. the Lord, Ammerdown Park, Rad-

stock, Bath, v.P.

Hyson, Rev. J. B. Yeovilton, Ilchester
Impey, Miss E. C. Street
Inman, H. B. Pine House, Bathcaston, Bath
290 Inman, T. F. Kilkenny Home, Bath
Isgar, R. Well*
Jacobs, M. Taunton
James, W. H. Weston-super-Mare
Jane, Wm. Congresbury

295 Jefferies, C. S. Sanforth, Highdale-road, Clevedon
Jennings, A. R. Taunton
Jex-Blake, The Very Rev. T. W., Dean of Wells, F.S.A.

The Deanery, Wells

Jex-Blake, Arthur John, Magdalen College, Oxford
Johnson, Admiral, Haines-hill, Taunton
300 Johnston, Joseph Nicholson, Hesketh House, Yeovil
Jones, J. E. Northivood, Rickmansworth
Jose, Rev. S. P. Churchill
Jose, Mrs. Churchill

Joseph, H. W. B. Woodlands House, Holford, Bridywater
305fKelly, W. M., M.D. Taunton

Kelway, Wm. Lang port
fKennion, Rt. Rev. G. W., Lord Bishop of Bath and

Wells, The Palace, Wells, v.P.
Kettlewell, Wm. Harptrce Court, East Harptrce
King, Austin Joseph, 13, Queen-square, Bath
310 King, R. Moss, Ashcott Hill, Bridgwater
Kinglake, J. H., M.D. Taunton
Kinglake, Rev. F. C. West Monkton

List 'of Members for 1897. 249

Kite, G. H. Taunton

Knight, F. A. Wintrath, Winscombe, West on-super- Marc
315 Knight, L. T. Northcote, Lansdown-road, Bath

Knight, R. Wellington

Lance, Chas. E. Stoke Court, Taunton

Lance, Rev. W. H. Buckland St. Mary, Chard

Langdon, Rev. F. E. W. Parrocks Lodge, Chard
320 Langdon, Mrs. Parrocks Lodge, Chard

Lawson, Geo. 36, Craven Hill Gardens, London

Leigh, Henry, 3, Ploio den-buildings, Temple, London

Leir, Rev. L. Randolph, M. Charlton Musgrove, Win-
canton

Leng, W. L. Brida water

325 Lethbridge, Sir \Vroth A., Bart. Sandhill Park, Bishops
Lydcard.

Lewis, Arch, M. 3, Upper Byron Place, Clifton

Lewis, Josiah, Taunton

Lewis, Wm. 12, Northgate-street, Bath

Liddon Edward, M.D. Taunton
330 Liddon, Rev. Henry John, Taunton

Livett, H. W., M.D. Wells

Long, Col. Congresbury, Bristol

Louch, J. Langport

Loveday, J. G. Weirfield, Taunton
335 Loveday, Mrs. Weirfield, Taunton

Lovibond, G. Bridgwatcr

Lovibond, Mrs. The Grange, Langport

Ludlow, Walter, Alcombe, Dunster
jLuttrell, G. F. Dunster Castle, v.P.
340 Lyte, H. Maxwell. C.B., F.S.A. 3, Portman-sq., London, W.

Macdonald, J. A., M.D. Taunton

Macmillan, W. Castle Gary

Macmillan, A. S. The Avenue, Yeovil

Major, Charles, Wembdon, Bridgwater
345 Malet, T. H. W. 23, Trafalgar-square, Chelsea, S.W.

Mapleton, Rev. H. M. Badgworth, Weston-super-Mare

Marshall, Rev. Hugh John, Porlock

Marshall, Wilfred Geo. Norton Manor, Taunton

Marwood, J. B. Eastcott, 86, Boston-road, Hanwell,

Middlesex
350 Marriott, H. M. Heale House, Carry Rivcl

Master, Rev. G. S. Bourton Grange, Flax-Bourton, Bristol

Mathew, Rev. M. A. Buckland Dinham, Frome

Mawer, A. Jetferay, Kelston, Wcston-supcr-Mare

May, Rev. W. D.

Vol. XLIII (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. ii

250 List of Members for 1897.

355fMaynard, Alfred, Henley Lodge, Taunton
Maynard, Howard ,,

McConnell, Rev. C. J. Pylle Rectory, Shcpton Mallet
Mead, Francis H., M.D. 1855, Fourth Street, San Diego,

California, U.S.A.

Meade, Francis, The Rill, Langport
360 Meade-King, Walter, 11, Baring Crescent, Heavitrec,

Exeter

Medley, Rev. J. B. Tyntesfield, Bristol
Medlycott, Sir E. B., Bart. Ven, Milbornc Port
Mellor. Right Hon. J. W., M.P., Q.C. Culmhead, Taunton
Meredith, J., M.D. Wellington

365 Michell, Rev. A. T. Sheriff hale* Vicarage, Newport, Salop
Mildmay, Rev. A. St. John, Hazelgroue Park, Queen

Camel, Bath
fMitchell, F. Chard

Mitchell, G. W. 76, Beulah Hill, Upper Norwood, London
Monday, A. J. Taunton
370 Moore, F. S. Castle Cary
Morland, John, Glastonbury
Murray-Anderdon, H. E. Henlade, Taunton, and 27,

Sloane Gardens, Loadon

Nay lor, J. R., C.S.I. Cadbury House, Yatton
Newell, Rev. Preb . C. F. Chisclborongli Rectory, Stoke-
under- Ham

375 Newell, Major H. L. „ „ „

Newnham, Capt. N. J. Blagdon Court, Bristol
New York Public Library, Astor Library Buildings, N.Y.
Newton, F. M. Barton Grange, Taunton
Nichols, Jas.

380 Nicholson, Rev. Preb. J. Y. Alter Rectory, Langporl
Norman, Col. Compton, Taunton
Norman, G, 12. Brock-street, Bath
fNorris, Hugh, South Petherton

Odgers, Rev. J. E. 145, Woodstock-road, Oxford
385 O'Donoghue, Henry O'Brien, Long Ashton
Olivey, H. P. North Curry
Ommanney, Rev. Preb. G. D. W. 29, Bcaninont-strcct,

Oxford

O'Neill, Rev. J. M. Wembdon, Bridgwater
fPaget, The Rt. Hon. Sir Richard H., Bart., p.c. Cnin-

inorc Hall, Sliepton Mallet, Y.P.
390 Palmer, H. P. Wellington-terrace, Taunton

Parsons, H. F., M.D. 4, Park Hill Rise, Croydon, Surrey
Pass, A. C. The Holmes, Stoke Bishop, Bristol

List of Member* for 1897. 251

Paul, A. D. Chard

Paul, R. W. 3, Arundel Street, Strand, London, W.(\
395 Paynter, J. B. Hendford Manor House, Yeovil
fPeacock, Rev. E. Roclifield, Nunney, Frome

Peace, A., Silver Craig, Weston-super-Mare

Peake, Rev. George Eden, Over Stowey, Bridgwater

Pearse, Rev. Beauchamp K. W. The Old Rectory, Ascot,

Staines
400 Peirson, Rev. E. G. Exford Rectory, Dunster

Penny, Rev. C. W. Shute End House, Wokingham, Berks

Penny, Rev. E. L., D.D., R.N. Coryton, Pentillie-road,
Plymouth

Penny, Rev. James Alpass, Wispington Vicarage, Horn-
castle, Lincolnshire

Penny, T. Taunton
405 Perceval, Cecil H. Spencer, Severn House, Henbury, Bristol

Percival, Rev. S. E. Merriott Vicarage, Crewkerne

Perfect, Rev. H. T. Stanton Drew

Perkins, A. E. Taunton

Perry, Lieut.-Col. J. Crewkerne

410*Petherick, E. A., F.R.G.S. la, Woburn Place, Russell
Square, London, W. C.

Phelips, W. R. Montacute House, Montacute, S.O., Sow.

Phillips, Rev. Theodore E. R. Hendford, Yeovil

Phillis, John, 31, High Street, Shepion Mallet

Philp, Capt. Pendoggett, Timsbury, Bath

41 o Philpott, Rev. Preb. R. S. River House, Upper Mall,
Ha rn mers m ith, W.

Pinchard, J. H. B. Taunton
fPinney, Col. Wm. Somerton Erleigh, V.P.

Pitman, J. Banks, Basing House, Basingha,ll Street,
London, E.C.

Pitt-Rivers, Lt. Gen., F.R.S., F.S.A., Rushmore, Salisbury
420 Poole, H. R. South Petherton

Poole, Rev. Robert Blake, Ilton Vicarage, Ilminster

Pooll, R. P. H. Batten, Road Manor, Bath

Pope, John, Nowers, Wellington

Porch, J. A. Edgar Ley House, Glastonbury

425tPortman, The Rt. Hon. The Viscount, Bryanstonc House,
Dorset, v.P.

Powell, Septimus, The Hermitage, West on-super -Mare

Prankerd, P. D. The Knoll, Sneyd Park, Bristol

Price, R. E. Broomfield Hall, Bridgwater

Prideaux, C. S., L.D.S., R.c.S. Eng. Cornhill, Dorchester
430 Prideaux, W. de C,

252 List of Members for 1897.

fPring, Rev. Daniel J. Wilton, Taunt on
Prior, R. C. A., M.D. Hake
Quicke, Rev. C. P. Ashbrittle

*Ramsden, Sir John Wm., Bart. Bulstrode, GcrrarcCs
Cross, Bucks, 6, Upper Brook Street, London, and
Byram, Yorkshire
435 Rashleigh, E. Colman, Taunton

Rawle, E. J. Camden Villa, Cliiselhurst, Kent
Raymond, Walter, Yeovil
Reeves, A. Taunton

Risk, Rev. J. E. Stockleigh English, Crediton, Devon
440 Richardson, Rev. A. Brislington

Risley, S. Norris, Ashcott House, Ashcott, Bridgwater
Rixon, W. A. Alfoxton Park, Holford, Bridgwater
Roberts, F. W. Northbrook Lodge, Taunton
Rocke, Mrs. Chalice Hill, Glastonbury
445 Rogers, G. H. 16, Park Street, Taunton

Rogers, The Worshipful Chancellor, T. E. Yarlington

House, Wincanton

Rogers, W. H. H. F.S.A. Bcllcvue, Polsloe Road, Exeter
Rose, W. F. Hutton, Weston-super-Mare
Rossiter, G. F., M.B. Weston-super-Mare
450 Rowe, J. Brooking, F.S.A. Castle. Barbican, Plynipton,

Devon

Ruddock, Miss Fanny M. Elmfield, Clevcdon
Ruegg, Lewis H. Westbury, Sherborne, Dorset
Rutter, Rev. J. H. Ilminster
Salmon, Rev. Preb. E. A. Weston-super-Mare
455 Samson, C. H. Taunton

tSanford, W. A. Nynehead Court, Wellington, v.r. Trustee
Sanford, E. C. A. Nynehead Court, Wellington
Saunders, G. Jun. Lydeard House near Taunton
Sawyer, Col. E. Hint on St. George
460 Scott, Rev. J. P. Wey House, near Taunton
Scott, M. H. 5, Lansdown Place West, Bath
tSeale, Rev. F. S. P. Pitwinster
t Sears, R. H. Priory House, Taunton

Semple, W. Rae Mac-Phun, M.B. Ch. M. Yeovil
465 Sheldon, Thomas, Clevedon

Shore, Capt. The Hon. Henry N. Mount Elton, Clevedon
Short, Jno. Provis, Batcombe, Bath
Shum, F. 17, Norfolk Crescent, Bath
Sibley, J. P. Highclere House, Taunton
470 Skinner, Stephen, M.B. Trancnt Lawn, Clevedon
fSkrine, H. D. Claverton Manor, Bath, v.p.

List of Members for 1897. 253

Skrine, H. M. Warleigli Manor, Bath

Slade, Wyndham, Monty s Court, Taunton
fSloper, E. Dashwood House, Broad Street, London
475 Sly, E. B. Glastonbury

Small, H. E. Cedric House, Chard

Smith, F. Buchanan, Haines Hill, Taunton
f Smith, Rev. Gilbert E. Barton St. David

Smith, Wm., M.D. Weyhill, Andover
480 Smith, Arthur, St. Cuthberfs, Weston-super-Mare

Smith, J. H. W. Rosencath, Taunton

Smith, W. Carleton, Chipley, Wellington

Smith, Rev. A. H. A. The Vicarage, Lyng

Smith, Major, Lyng
485 Somers, B. E. Mendip Lodge, Lang ford, Bristol

Somers-Cocks, Rev. Henry Lawrence, Street

Somerville, A. F. Dindcr, Wells

Sommerville, R. G. Woodlands, Taunton

Southall, H. The Craig, Ross
490 Southam, Rev. J. H. Trull

Sparks, William, Crewkerne

Speke, W. Jordans, Ilminster

Spencer, Frederick, Pondsmead, Oakhill, Bath

Spencer, J. H. Corfe, Taunton
495 Spencer, J. Maitland Hillylands, Ashwick, Bath

Spicer, Northcote W. Chard

Spiller, H. J. Taunton

Spiller, Miss, Sunny Bank, Bridgwater

Standley, A. P. Rossall School, Fleetwood
500fStanley, E. J., M.P. Quantock Lodge, Bridgwater, Trustee,

President
* Stanley, H. T. Quantock Lodge, Bridgwater

Stanway, Moses, Park Street, Taunton

Steevens, A. Taunton

Stephenson, Rev. Preb. J. H. Lympsham
505 Stoate, Wm. Belmont, Burnham

fStrachey, Sir E., Bart., Sutton Court, Pens ford, Bristol, V.P.

Stradling, Rev. W. J. L. Chilton-super-Polden

Stringfellow, A. H. The Chestnuts, Taunton

Stuckey, Vincent, Hill House, Langport
510 Sully, Christopher W. Downleaze, Sneyd Park, Bristol

Sully, T. N., Wembdon Road, Bridgwater

Sully, J. Norman, Bridgwater

Sully, G. B. Belmont, Burnham

Summerfield, William, Wilton Lodge, Taunton
>15 Swayne, W. T. Glastonbury

254 List of Members for 1897.

tSweetman, Geo. Wincanton

Tanner, Rev. T. C. Burlescombe Vicarage, Wellington
Taplin, T. K. Mount House, Milverton
Tarr, Francis John, RoseneatJi, Willsbridge, near Bristol
520 Taylor, Thomas, Taunton

Taylor, Rev. A. D. Churchstanton
Taylor, Rev. C. S. Banwell, R.S.O. Somerset
Taylor, Rev. J. H. lie Abbots

t Temple, Rt. Hon. Earl, Newton House, Bristol, Trustee
525 Thatcher, A. A. Midsomer Norton, Bath

Thatcher, Edwd. J. Firfield House, Knowle, Bristol
Thomas, C. E. Granville, Lansdown, Bath
Thompson, A. Fowler Street, Eowbarton, Taunton
Thompson, Rev. Archer, Montrose, JVeston Park, Bath
530 Thompson, H. Stuart, Brent Lodge, Bridywater
Thomson, Rev. G. O. L. Mount lands 9 Taunton
Thring, Rev. Preb. Godfrey, Plonk's Hill, Shamley Green,

Guildford

Tilley, J. A. C. 73, St. Georges Square, London, S.W.
jTite, C.
535 Tite, Mrs.

Todd, D'Arcy, 36, Cambridge Terrace, Hyde Park, London
Toft, Rev. H. Axbridge
fTomkins, Rev. H. G. Weston-super-Marc

Tomkins, Rev. W. S. 33, Canynge Square, Clifton, Bristol
540 Tordiffe, Rev. Stafford, Staplcg'rove
Trask, Charles, Norton, Ilminster

Trenchard, W. J. Heidelberg House, Mary Street, Taunton
fTrevilian, E. B. Cely, Midelney Place, Drayton, v.P.
Trusted, C. J. Sussex House, Pembroke Road, Clifton
545 Tucker, W. J. Chard

Tuckett, F. F. Frenchay, Bristol

Turner, H. G. Stapleqrove, and 1 9, Sloane Gardens, Lon-
don, s.w.

Tynte, Halswell M. Kemeys, Halsioell, Bridgwater

Tynte, St. David Kemeys, Sherwood, Goathurst
550 Tyndale, J. W. Warre, Evercreech, Bath (deceased)

Ussher, W. A. E., H.M. Geological Survey

Valentine, E. W. Somerton

Wadmore, J. A. W. Barrow Gurney, Bristol

Wait, H. W. K. 13, Paragon, Clifton
555fWakefield, J. E. W. Taunton

Waldron, Clement, Llandaff, S. Wales

Walter, W. W. Stokc-sub-Hamdon

Warry, G. D., Q.C. Shapwick

List of Members for 1897. 255

Warry, Henry Cockeram, The Cedars, Preston Road,

Yeovil.
560 Watts, B. H., 13, Queen Square, Bath

Weaver, Chas. Uplands, St. Johns Road, Clifton
f Weaver, Rev. F. W. Milton Clevedon, Evcrcrcech, General

Secretary

Welch, C. 23, Kensington Mansions, Nevern Square, Lon-
don, S.W.

Wells, The Dean and Chapter
565 Wells, Theological College

Were, F. Gratwickc Hall, Barrow Gurnet/, Bristol
West, Rev. W. H. 25, Pnlteney Street, Bath
Westlake, W. H. Taunton
Whale, Rev. T. W. Weston, Bath

570 Whistler, Rev. C. W., M.K.C.S. Stockland, Bridgivatcr
W hitting, C. Or. Glandore, West on-super- Marc
Wickham, Rev. A. P. Martock
t Williams, Rev. Wadham Pigott, Weston-supcr-Marc

Williams, Thos. Webb, Flax-Bonrton
575 Wilkinson, Rev. Thos. The Manse, Taunton
Wills, H. H. W. Barley Wood, Wrington
Wills, Sir W. H. Bart. Coombe Lodge, Blagdon, R.S.O.,

Somerset

Wilson, Rev. W. C. Hunt spill
Willcocks, A. D. Taunton
580 Winter, J. A. Yorke House, Bideford
fWinterbotham, W. L., M.B. Bridgwater
Winwood, Rev. H. H. 11, Cavendish Crescent, Bath
Winwood, T. H. R. Wellisford Manor, Wellington
Wood, Alexander, The Laurels, Horsham, Sussex
585 Wood, F. A. Highfield, Chew Magna

Wood, Rev. W. Berdmore, Bicknollcr Vicarage
Woodforde, Rev. A. J. Locking Vicarage, Weston-super-

Mare

Wooler, W. H. Wcston-super-Mare
tWorthington, Rev. J. Taunton
190 Wright, W. H. K. Free Library, Plymouth

Wyatt, J. W. Eastcourt, Wookcy, Wcston-supcr-Marc
Young, T. Chard.

lembers are requested to inform ' ' The Secretaries, Taunton Castle " of any errors
or omissions in the above list ; they are also requested to authorise their
Bankers to pay their subscriptions annually to Stuckey's Banking Company,
Taunton ; or to either of their branches ; or their respective London Agents,
on account of the Treasurer.

iRuies.

fin HIS Society shall be denominated "THE SOMERSETSHIRE
_l ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY ; " and its
object shall be the cultivation of, and collecting information on,
Archaeology and Natural History in their various branches, but more
particularly in connection with the County of Somerset, and the
establishment of a Museum and Library.

II. — The Officers of the Society shall consist of a Patron and
Trustees, elected for life ; a President ; Vice-Presidents ; General and
District or Local Secretaries ; and a Treasurer, elected at each
Anniversary Meeting ; with a Committee of twelve, six of whom
shall go out annually by rotation, but may be re-elected. No person
shall be elected on the Committee until he shall have been six months
a Member of the Society.

III. — Anniversary General Meetings shall be held for the purpose
of electing the Officers, of receiving the Report of the Committee
for the past year, and of transacting all other necessary business, at
such time and place as the Committee shall appoint, of which
Meetings three weeks' notice shall be given to the Members.

IV. — There shall also be a General Meeting, fixed by the Com-
mittee, for the purpose of receiving reports, reading Papers, and
transacting business. All Members shall have the privilege of
introducing one friend to the Anniversary and General Meetings.

V. — The Committee is empowered to call Special Meetings of the
Society upon receiving a requisition signed by ten Members. Three
weeks' notice of such Special Meeting and its objects, shall be given
to each Member.

VI. — The affairs of the Society shall be directed by the Committee
(of which the Officers of the Society will be ex-officio Members),
which shall hold monthly Meetings for receiving Reports from the j
Secretaries and sub-Committees, and for transacting other necessary
business ; three of the Committee shall be a quorum. Members may '
attend the Monthly Committee Meetings after the official business
has been transacted.

VII. — The Chairman at Meetings of the Society shall have a
casting vote, in addition to his vote as a Member.

Rules. 257

VIII. — One (at least) of the Secretaries shall attend each Meeting,
and shall keep a record of its proceedings. The property of -the
Society shall be held in Trust for the Members by twelve Trustees,
who shall be chosen from the Members at any General Meeting.
All Manuscripts and Communications and other property of the
Society shall be under the charge of the Secretaries.

IX. — Candidates for admission as Members shall be proposed by
two Members at any of the General or Committee Meetings, and
the election shall be determined by ballot at the next Committee or
General Meeting; three-fourths of the Members present balloting
shall elect. The Rules of the Society shall be subscribed by every
person becoming a Member.

X.— Ladies shall be eligible as Members of the Society without
ballot, being proposed by two Members and approved by the majority
of the Meeting.

XI. — Each Member shall pay Ten Shillings and Sixpence on
admission to the Society, and Ten Shillings and Sixpence; as an
annual subscription, which shall become due on the first of January
in each year, and shall be paid in advance.

XII. — Donors of Ten Guineas or upwards shall be Members for
life.

. XIII. — At General Meetings of the Society the Committee may
recommend persons to be balloted for as Honorary and Corresponding
Members.

XIV. — When an office shall become vacant, or any new appoint-
ment shall be requisite, the Committee shall have power to till up
the same : such appointments shall remain in force only till the next
General Meeting, when they shall be either confirmed or annulled.

XV. — The Treasurer shall receive all Subscriptions and Donations
made to the Society, and shall pay all accounts passed by the Com-
mittee ; he shall keep a book of receipts and payments, which he
shall produce whenever the Committee shall require it ; the accounts
shall be audited previously to the Anniversary Meeting by two
Members of the Committee chosen for that purpose, and an abstract
of them shall be read at the Meeting.

XVI. — No change shall be made in the laws of the Society except
at a General or Special Meeting, at which twelve Members at least
shall be present. Of the proposed change a month's notice shall
be given to the Secretaries, who shall communicate the same to each
Member three weeks before the Meeting.

XVII. — Papers read at Meetings of the Society, may (with the
Author's consent and subject to the discretion of the Committee) be
published in the Proceedings of the Society.

XVIII. — No religious or political discussions shall be permitted at
Meetings of the Society.

Vol. XL 11 1 (Third Series, Vol. Ill), Part II. kk

258 Rules.

XIX. — Any person contributing books or specimens to the Museum
shall be at liberty to resume possession of them in the event of a
dissolution of the Society. Persons shall also have liberty to deposit
books or specimens for a specific time only.

XX. — In case of dissolution, the real property of the Society in
Taunton shall be held by the Trustees, for the advancement of
Literature, Science and Art, in the town of Taunton and the county
of Somerset.

for % <60hmmunt flf \\t

1. — The Library shall be open for the use of the Members of the
Society daily (with the exception of Sundays, Good Friday and
Christmas Day), from Ten in the Morning till Five in the Afternoon,
from April to August inclusive, and during the remaining months
of the year until Four o'clock.

2. — Every Member of the Society whose annual Subscription
shall not be more than three months in arrear may borrow out of
the Library not more than two volumes at a time, and may exchange
any of the borrowed volumes for others as often as he may please, but
so that he shall not have more than two in his possession at any
one time.

3 — Every application by any Member who, shall not attend in
person for the loan of any book or books shall be in writing.

4. — So much of the title of every book borrowed as will suffice to
distinguish it, the name of the borrower, and the time of borrowing
it, shall be entered in a book to be called the " Library Delivery
Book ; " and such entry, except the application be by letter, shall be
signed by the borrower ; and the return of books borrowed shall be
duly entered in the same book.

5. — The book or books borrowed may either be taken away by the
borrower, or sent to him in any reasonable and recognised mode
which he may request ; and should no request be made, then the
Curator shall send the same to the borrower by such mode as the
Curator shall think fit.

6. — All cost of the packing, and of the transmission and return of
the book or books borrowed, shall in every case be defrayed by the
Member who shall have borrowed the same.

7. — No book borrowed out of the Library shall be retained for a
longer period than one month, if the same be applied for in the mean-
time by any other Member ; nor in any case shall any book be
retained for a longer period than three months.

Rules. , 259

8. — Every Member who shall borrow any book out of the Library
shall be responsible to the Society for its safety and good condition
from the time of its leaving the Library ; also if he borrow any book
or manuscript within the Library, till it shall be returned by him.
And in case of loss or damage, he shall replace the same or make it
good ; or, if required by the Committee, shall furnish another copy of
the entire work of which it may be part.

9. — No manuscript, nor any drawing, nor any part of the Society's
collection of prints or rubbings shall be lent out of the Library
without a special order of the Committee, and a bond given for its
safe return at such time as the Committee shall appoint.

10. — The Committee shall prepare, and may from time to time add
to or alter, a list of such works as shall not be lent out of the Library,
on account of their rarity, value, or peculiar liability to damage ; or
on account of their being works of reference often needed by
Members personally using the Library, and a copy of such list for the
time being shall be kept in the Library.

11. — No book shall be lent out until one month after the acquisition
of it for the Library.

12. — Extracts from the manuscripts or printed books are allowed
to be made freely, but in case of a transcript being desired of a whole
manuscript or printed book, the consent of the Committee must be
previously obtained.

13. — Persons not being Members of the Society may be admitted
for a period not exceeding one week, to consult printed books and
manuscripts not of a private nature in the Society's Library, for any
special purpose, on being introduced by a Member, either personally
or by letter.

14. — No book shall be lent to any person not being a Member of
the Society without a special order of the Committee.

15. — Before any Member can borrow a book from the Library, he
must acknowledge that he consents to the printed Rules of the
Society for the Government of the Library.

*£* It is requested that contributions to the Museum or Library be
sent to the Curator, at the Taunton Castle.

gules for t|e Jormation of f otal §raut|} Societies*

1. — On the application of not less than Five Members of the
Society the Council may authorise the formation of a Local Branch
in any District, and may, if considered advisable, define a specific
portion of the County as the District to such Branch.

260 Rules.

2. — Societies already in existence, may, on application from the
governing bodies, be affiliated as Branches.

3. — All Members of the Parent Society shall be entitled to become
Members of any Branch.

4. — A Branch Society may elect Local Associates not necessarily
Members of the Parent Society.

5. — Members of the Council of the Parent Society, being Members
of, and residing within the District assigned to any Branch, shall be
ex-ojficio Members of the Council of such Branch.

6. — A Branch Society may fix the rates of Subscription for Mem-
bers and Associates, and make Rules and Bye- Laws for the government
of such Branch, subject in all cases to the approval of the Council of
the Parent Society.

7. — A Branch Society shall not be entitled to pledge the credit of
the Parent Society in any manner whatsoever.

8. — The authority given by the Council may at any time be with-
drawn by them, subject always to an appeal to a General Meeting.

9. — Every Branch Society shall send its Publications and the Pro-
grammes of its Meetings to the Parent Society, and in return shall
receive a free copy of the Parent Society's Proceedings.

10. — If on any discovery being made of exceptional interest a
Branch Society shall elect to communicate it to the Parent Society
before themselves making it a matter of discussion, the Parent Society,
if it adopts it as the subject of a paper at one of its ordinary Meetings,
shall allow the Branch Society to make use of any Illustrations that
the Parent Society may prepare.

11. — Any Officer of a Branch Society, or any person recommended
by the President, Yice-President, Chairman or Secretary, or by any
Two of the Members of the Council of a Branch Society, shall on the
production of proper Vouchers be allowed to use the Library of the
Society, but without the power of removing books except by the
express permission of the Council.

12. — Branch Societies shall be invited to furnish Reports from
time to time to the Parent Society with regard to any subject or
discovery which may be of interest.

December, 1897.

f/b

Somersetshire

Archaeological & Natural History
Society.

PROCEEDINGS

DURING THE YEAR 1898.

VOL. XLIV.

The Council of the Somersetshire Archaeological and Natural
Hixtory Society desire that it should be distinctly understood that
although the volume of PROCEEDINGS is published under their
direction, they do not hold themselves in any way responsible for
any statements or opinions expressed therein; the authors of the
several papers and communications beincj alone responsible.

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

•omersetsjnre
Archaeological J jBtatural

FOR THE YEAR 1898

VOL. XLIV.

<<J.aunton :

BARNICOTT AND PEARCE, FORE STREET

MDCCCXCVIII.

BARNICOTT AND PEARCE
PRINTERS

PREFACE.

THE thanks of the Society are due to Mr. W. H. Hamilton
Rogers for supplying the whole of the illustrations to his
paper ; to the President for the two pictures of the Old
Doors ; to the Rev. Preb. Buller for the two views of North
Curry Church ; and to Professor Allen for the excellent
photographs from which most of our illustrations are taken.

F. w. \v.
January, 1899.

CONTENTS.

PART [.—PROCEEDINGS.

PAGE

FIFTIETH Annual General Meeting (Taunton) ... 1

Report of the Council ... ... ... ... 2

Treasurer's Accounts ... ... ... ... 9

Somerset Record Society ... ... ... 11

President's Address ... ... ... ... 12

Taunton Castle ... ... ... ... 13

The Council Chamber... ... ... ... 14

The Old White Hart Inn ... ... ... 15

St. Mary's Church ... ... ... ... 15

St. James's Church ... ... ... ... 20

The Priory Barn ... ... ... ... 20

Gray's Almshouses ... ... ... ... 21

Evening Meeting — Papers and Discussions ... ... 22

Red Deer on the Quantocks ... ... ... 22

Bishoprics of Wessex ... ... ... ... 29

WEDNESDAY.

Excursion —

Ruishton Church ... ... ... ... 30

Creech St. Michael Church

North Curry Church ... ... ... ...

Luncheon at Moredon ... ... ... ... 36

Slough House ... ... ... ... 37

Stoke St. Gregory Church ... ... ... 39

Thornfalcon Church ... ... ... ... 41

Conversazione ... ... ... 41

THURSDAY.

Excursion-
City of Exeter

The Guild Hall ..

The Cathedral ... ... ... ... 44

Vll
FRIDAY.

Excursion— PAGE

Norton Fitzwarren Church ... ... ... 44

Norton Camp ... ... ... ... 47

Cothelstone Manor House ... ... ... 47

Cothelstone Church ... ... ... ... 48

Bishop's Lydeard Church ... ... ... 52

Lydeard St. Lawrence Church ... ... ... 56

Combe Florey Church and Gate House ... ... 58

The Local Museum ... ... ... ... 61

Notes on two old Carved Doors exhibited in the Local

Museum ... ... ... ... ... 65

Additions to the Society's Museum and Library ... 68

PART II.— PAPERS, ETC.

Brook, of Somerset and Devon ; Barons of Cobham,

in Kent—by W. H. Hamilton Rogers, F.S.A. ... 1

On the Inquisitiones Post-Mortem for Somerset, from
Henry III to Richard III ( 1216-1485)— by Edward
Alexander Fry ... ... ... ... 79

The Division of the Bishoprics of Wessex — by the
Right Rev. W. R, Brownlow, D.D., Bishop of
Clifton ... ... ... ... ... 149

An Inventory of Church Plate in Somerset (part ii)—

by the Rev. E. H. Bates, M.A. ... ... 160

St. Anne's Chapel, Brislington — by the Rev. A.

Richardson ... ... ... ... ... 188

Norton Camp— by William Bidgood ... ... 198

An Early Chapter of the History of Yeovil — by John

Batten ... ... ... ... ... 203

Officers, Members, and Rules ... ... ... 224

ILLUSTRATIONS.

North Curry Church from South West ... Frontispiece

„ „ Interior ... ... Parti 33

Stoke St. Gregory Tower from North West „ 39

Cothelstone Manor House ... ... „ 48

Bishop's Lydeard Tower from South East... „ 52
Old Doors, supposed to be from Taunton

Priory (2 plates) ... ... ... „ 65

Vlll

ILLUSTRATIONS— continued. PAGE

Chapel of St. Melorus, Olditch Village ... Part ii 4
Presumed Priest's House, Chapel of St.

Melorus ... ... ... ... „ 5

Portion of Gateway, Olditch Court ... „ 8

Weycroft ... ' ... ... ... „ 12

Weycroft ... ... ... ... „ 13

Sir Thomas and Dame Johanna Brook ... „ 17

John de Cobham, Founder of Cobham College „ 28

Margaret Courtenay, wifeof John de Cobham „ 29
John de la Pole and Joan de Cobham, his

wife ... ... ... ... „ 32

Johanna de la Pole, Lady of Cobham ... „ 33

Sir Reginald Braybroke ... ... „ 36

Sir Nicholas Hawberk ... ... ... „ 37

Middelburg on the Scheldt ... ... „ 37

. . . Clitherow, daughter of Sir John Oldcastle „ 40

Sir John Harpenden ... ... ... „ 41

Thomas Chedder ... ... ... „ 44

Isabel Scobahull, wife of Thomas Chedder „ 45
Monument of Joan Chedder, Viscountess

L'Isle ... ... ... ... „ 48

Sir John Newton and Isabel Chedder, his wife „ 49

John Bassett and his wives ... ... „ 57

Monument of Sir John Newton ... ... „ 61

The Chancel, Cobham Church ... ... „ 68

The Quadrangle, Cobham College ... „ 69

Doorway, Cobham Hall ... ... „ 73

A Glimpse of Weycroft ... ... „ 74

Fireplace at Weycroft ... ... ... „ 75

The Right Hon. Charles Blunt ... ... „ 76

Tailpiece ... ... ... ... „ 78

Ewer, early 18th Century, Montacute ... „ 180
Elizabethan Cup and Paten, Norton-sub-

Hamdon ... ... ... ... „ 182

Ruins on the site of St. Anne's Chapel ... ., 197

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

SOMERSETSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND
NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY

DURING THE YEAR
1898.

r I iHE fiftieth annual meeting of the Society was held at
-L the Municipal Hall, Taunton, on Tuesday, August
30th. The proceedings commenced at twelve o'clock with a
reception by the Mayor (Aid. WM. POTTER).

The PRESIDENT opened the meeting by saying that prob-
ably some of them were surprised to see him occupying the
chair at their annual meeting for the second time in suc-
cession, but, unfortunately, the committee to whom was deputed
the duty of electing the President of the year, had unan-
imously conferred that position upon him again. He was sure
that in all parts of Somerset the greatest regard was felt for
the town of Taunton, and he had never known a chief magis-
trate who was more anxious to maintain the honour and
position and glories of the town of Taunton than the present
Mayor.

The MAYOR, on behalf of the inhabitants of the town,
heartily welcomed the members of the Society in their midst,
and he hoped the many historic associations with which
Taunton abounded would be of great interest and afford equal
pleasure to them. He was glad to be able to welcome the
Society in that hall, which had been recently restored by the
Town Council — a hall which he was quite sure would not be

Vol. XL IV (Third Series, Vol. 1 V), Part L A

2 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

devoid of interest to them, as it was once a schoolroom in con-
nection with the school founded by Bishop Fox of Winchester,
in the year 1522. His worship concluded by expressing the
hope that the members would favour the Mayoress and him-
self with their company at luncheon in the Castle Hall.

Report.

Lieut.-Col. BRAMBLE presented the Annual Report of the
Council as follows :

" Your Committee have the pleasure of presenting their
fiftieth annual report, and of congratulating the Society at
being, after an existence of nearly half-a-century, in a very
prosperous condition.

" The first meeting of the Society was held at Taunton, on

\the 26th Sept. 1849. The report in your first volume of

Proceedings does not say where, so it may be as well to place it

on record that it was held in the Assembly Room at the

Market House.

" It was then stated that there were 250 members, and the
usual difficulty arose as to Somerset having no common centre.
If the phrase is permissible, the county had, as it has still,
several centres, and it was almost necessarily determined that
the annual meetings should be migratory.

"Now the Society consists of 637 members, and if the
county is still, by force of circumstances and railways, without
a common centre, your Society is possessed of a noble habita-
tion in the ancient Castle of Taunton, which, thanks to the
liberality of its members and others, it acquired twenty-four
years ago.

" The annual meetings are, however, still migratory, and are
held so far as possible as fairly to cover the whole of the county.
In this manner your Society has, since its formation, visited
Taunton five times ; Bridgwater four times ; Wells four
times; Bath three times; Glastonbury twice ; Langport twice;
Frome twice ; Wellington twice ; Crewkerne twice ; Shepton

Report of the Council. 3

Mallet twice ; Western - super - Mare twice ; Yeovil twice ;
Bruton twice ; Clevedon twice ; Ilminster once ; Williton
once ; Axbridge once ; Wincanton once ; Chard once ; Burn-
ham once ; Minehead once ; Castle Cary once ; Dunster
once ; and Wiveliscombe once.

" Meetings have, for the convenience of visiting localities,
been held outside the borders of the county on four occasions —
twice at Bristol, 1867 and 1887, and twice at Sherborne, 1874
and 1896.

" It may be said, ' What is the use of visiting places over
and over again ;' but it takes some twenty years to visit the
whole of the county, and in that time there is practically a
new generation sprung up — only sufficient of the older members
are left to hand down the traditions to the younger.

" Since your last meeting, sixty-one new names have been
added to your list of members. The loss by deaths and
resignation has been sixteen, leaving a net gain of forty-five.

" The debit balance on your Society's General Account
at the end of 1886, was £9 6s. 9d. This has now been wiped
out, and at the end of 1897 (to which date your annual
accounts are made up) there was a balance of £76 16s. lOd.
in favour of the Society. But in neither of these cases was
the cost of the volume of the Society's Proceedings for the
year then expired — £100, more or less — taken into account.
The accounts for the current year will, however, show an
ample provision for this liability.

"The cost of volume XLIII (for 1897) has been: — Print-
and binding, £81 5s. Od.; illustrations, £14 os. 3d.; postages
of volumes, £8 Os. Od.; total, £103 10s. 3d.

" The debit balance of the Castle Restoration Fund has
again been reduced — from £44 11s. 9d. at the end of 1896 to
£39 7s. 8d. at the end of 1897. Considerable repair is ur-
gently necessary. Various work has been done from time to
time where absolutely unavoidable, and some temporary
measures adopted for rendering the Great Hall clean and

4 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

available for use. But as the measures taken were, from want
of funds, of a very minor character, your Committee deter-
mined on laying the facts before the members and County
generally, and appealing for subscriptions towards more
general and effectual work. Such appeal was issued in April
last, and has so far resulted in contributions (including £25
from your President) of £351. In addition to this, your Com-
mittee have received notice from the executors of the late Col.
Pinney-5— who was at all times a warm supporter of your
Society — that he, by his will, left a legacy of £300 to be
applied for the repairs of the Castle. This amount will form
a very welcome addition to the Fund, but the buildings are
very extensive, and a good deal of the work is of an urgent
character. Your Committee hope, therefore, that further sub-
scriptions will be sent in with as little delay as possible.

" The Castle House still remains void. The purpose for
which the adjoining premises are used is very detrimental to
the Society's property.

" The number of visitors to the Museum in 1897 was 5,236,
as against 4,610 in 1896 ; a very satisfactory increase of 626.
It may fairly be anticipated that when the Great Hall can be
made available for the proper display of the Society's large
collections, there will be a very great increase in the attendance.

" The Index to Collinson has been very satisfactorily com-
pleted by Messrs. Barnicott and Pearce, and is in the hands of
the subscribers.

" The Index to the Society's Proceedings, volumes xxi to
XL inclusive, compiled by Mr. Elworthy, is now ready for
distribution to the subscribers. The printing of the Biblio-
graphy of Somerset, by Mr. E. Green, F.S. A., is also proceed-
ing in due course.

" The Library is gradually increasing as opportunity and
funds permit. The exchanges with other societies are kept
up to date. The Society has long been in want of a set of
ArclicBoloyia — almost a first necessity in the library of such a

Report of the Council. 5

Society. Until recently it contained only some ten volumes,
part of the Screl Collection. A further twenty-nine volumes
have this year been added by the gift of your Hon. Secretary,
Lieut.-Col. Bramble, to whom your Committee have expressed
their cordial thanks. If members or others would kindly
examine their ' duplicates,' and contribute any which they may
be able to spare, the set might easily be completed, or the cost
of completing it brought more within the means of the Society.
A list of volumes wanted to complete this and other sets will
be furnished on application to the Curator.

" The following are among the books relating to the county
acquired during the year : " Somerset Towers " ; " The Corn-
ish Drama," by Edwin N orris ; " The Note Book of the
Tristram Risdon"; "The Year Book of Edward III," vol. I;
Barrett's "Somersetshire"; Trask's "Norton-sub-Hamdon";
Williams' "Somerset Mediaeval Libraries"; and several print-
ed "Acts " relating to roads, etc.

" The Society was, in November, 1881, presented by Miss
Atherstone with the valuable oil painting, by the well-known
John Martin, of the Coronation of Queen Victoria. This
had been from the first somewhat out of order, and the costly
frame was broken and dilapidated. The picture has, during
the last year, been put into thoroughly good condition and the
frame repaired and re-gilt at the sole — and considerable —
expense of our V ice-President, Mr. H. Duncan Skrine, who
occupied the chair on the occasion of our last Bath meeting.
Your Committee feel that the best thanks of the Society are
due to him. The picture has been removed from the Great
Hall, and is now displayed in the Upper Museum, where it is
less liable to injury.

"The Photographic Record Committee have been actively at
work during the past year. Their report will be presented to you.

" Your Committee have taken into consideration the amount
at which the buildings and collections were insured against
fire, and have deemed it necessary to make substantial increases.

6 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

" The title deeds relating to the various properties have
been scheduled and placed in a box deposited with the
Society's bankers.

" Under the rules which you adopted at your Minehead
meeting, in 1889, two branch societies have been formed in
the county, both of which are doing good service, by keeping
up the interest of not only their associates but the inhabitants
generally of their respective localities, in the preservation of
objects of antiquarian interest — a matter of the deepest im-
portance, when it is remembered that their injury or destruc-
tion is, as a rule, not attributable to mere wantonness but to
ignorance of their value. The elder of the branches — the
northern — has given special attention to the preparation, by
those most competent to do so in the different localities, of
parochial histories. Flax Bourton, Tickenham, and Barrow
Gournay have already been issued, and we are informed that
others are in preparation. Your Committee venture to recom-
mend such work as being in many respects of superior value to
mere detached papers. The other — the Axbridge — branch is
also about to issue a volume of Proceedings.

" Your Committee regret to have to record the death of the
Eight Hon. the Lord Carlingford, K.P., who since the year
1889 had filled the office of Patron of your Society. The
state of his health had for some years prevented his taking any
personal part in your meetings, or in the work of the Society ;
but he acted as its President for two consecutive years, 1884-5,
and long took an active interest in its welfare. The vacancy
caused by his death in the office of Patron should be filled up
at this Annual Meeting. Under Kule ii the election is for life.

" Your Committee also regret to report the death, at the age
of ninety-two, of Col. Pinney, an original member of your
Society, and one of your Vice-Presidents, who so long back as
the year 1853 filled the position of President at your Yeovil
meeting. His great age had prevented his attendance at our
meetings for many years past, and to a large number of our

Report of the Council. 7

younger members he was unknown ; but in bygone years he
rendered the Society good service, and in many ways promoted
its objects. By his will, as already stated, he left the liberal
legacy of £300 towards the repair of the Castle, but your
Society was previously indebted to him for rebuilding the
staircase turret to the Exchequer Tower, and also for the piece
of garden ground at the N.E. corner of the Society's property.

« The late Mr. Henry Alford, L.S.A., F.R.C.S., died on the
29th June last, in his ninety-second year, ' from old age.' He
also was an original member of our Society, and ever since
1859 — thirty-nine years — had been an elected member of your
Committee. So long as his health and strength permitted he
was a most regular and useful attendant at our meetings, and
he never lost his interest in the Society or its pursuits. Your
Committee feel great regret in recording his death.

" The Right Hon. Sir Thomas Dyke Acland, Baronet and
Privy Councillor, was one of the original Vice-Presidents of
your Society, being at its inception a resident in the county.
But his work was more especially devoted to public business of
a different, and it may be a more important, character than that
of your Society, and left little time for archa3ological pursuits.
None the less, your Committee desire to express their regret
at the loss of so valuable a life.

"The Very Rev. Dr. Jex- Blake, Dean of Wells, has, ever
since he came into the Diocese in 1891, been a regular atten-
dant at the meetings of your Society, and has on numerous
occasions been of material assistance to us ; your Committee
have added his name, as well as that of Bishop Hobhouse, an old
and very valuable member, to the list of Vice-Presidents, which
will be brought before you for confirmation in the usual course.

" On the occasion of your Bridgwater meeting, Professor
Burrows, Chichele Professor of Modern History at Oxford,
was kind enough to contribute a valuable paper on Admiral
Blake. In consideration of his eminence as an historian, your
Committee recommend that he be invited to allow his name to

8 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

be added to the list of ' Honorary and Corresponding Mem-
bers,' under Rule xiii."

Mr. HOBHOUSE, M.P., in moving the adoption of the report,
said that for the last fifty years the Society had laboured, and
laboured successfully, to foster an interest throughout the
county in all that was ancient, curious, rare, and beautiful. It
had laboured to increase the knowledge of its members, and of
the outside public in their county history, buildings, architec-
ture, and works of any kind. He could not help thinking that
if at this day there were many more Somersetshire men and
Somersetshire women who felt interested in those great and eleva-
ting subjects than there were fifty years ago, when that society
was first formed in Taunton, they owed not a small debt to
the labours of that Society. He sincerely hoped that the sup-
port given to them throughout the county during the past
fifty years would not grow less, but would steadily increase.
They had just been reminded that their members, who were
250 on the occasion of the first meeting, had now become
over 600, but that to his mind was a small proportion of the
people who ought to be interested in its efforts. They had
veterans falling out of their ranks, and it was necessary that
the gaps should be filled. Although he came from the east of
the county, he recognized that no more appropriate head-
quarters could be found for the Society than the building
which now belonged to it, and which was justly denominated
its noble habitation. Mr. Hobhouse went on to speak of the
necessity of a good county history being prepared, and said
that they wanted someone to bring together all the disjecta
membra in the shape of papers, parish histories, &c., into one
learned and at the same time readable work. He expressed
the opinion that archaeological subjects had during the past
few years rather overshadowed those relating to natural history.
In conclusion, he said that the best thanks of the Society were
due to Col. Bramble and the Rev. F. W. Weaver, the hon.
secretaries, for their services.

Report of the Council. 9

The Rev. E. H. BATES seconded the motion, which was
carried.

Mr. H. J. BADCOCK, the treasurer, presented the annual
financial statements :

Ercasitrer's account.

The Treasurer in Account with the Somersetshire Archaeological and Natural
History Society, from January 1st to December 31st, 1S97.

Da.

1897.
By Members' Entrance Fees (46)

,, Members' Subscriptions mar
(14 for 1896) ...

,. Members' Subscriptions (526) for
1897

„ Members' Subscriptions in ad-
vance (20)

„ Non-Members' Excursion Tickets 13

„ Overdrawn on Postage of vol.
42 refunded

,, Museum Admission Fees...

,, Donation from Glastonbury Anti-
quarian Society

,, Donation from Charles Hill, Esq

„ Sale of Publications

UR.

1896, Dec. 31st.

P. d.

) ...

To Balance of former Account

...

6 9

rrear

,, Expenses attending Ann

ual

Meeting: at Bridgwater

...

19 8

6) for

„ Reporters' Notes of Meeting

3 0

27G

„ Transcribing Hugo's MS.

L ad-

Atheiney

2 0

,, Stationery. Printing, &c.

...

If)

18 11

ckets

„ Repairs, Cases, etc.

16 9

vol.

,, Purchase of Books, Specimens, £c. 8

7 8

...

„ Coal and Gas

...

4 1

„ Printing and Binding vol. 42

6 5

Anti-

„ Curator's Salary, one year,

Christmas, 1897

...

105

0 0

Esq.

„ Errand Boy

...

8 0

...

„ Stamp for New Trust Deed

...

10 0

„ Insurance ...

10 6

„ Rates and Taxes

6 3

,, Subscriptions to Societies

13 0

„ Postage, Carriage, &c. ...

...

10 10

,, Sundries

3 9

Balance

...

16 10

£369

4 5

H. J. BADCOCK,

Treasurer.

Aug. 27th, 1898. Examined and compared with the vouchers ) HOWARD MAYNARD,
and Bank Book, and found correct. J ALEX. HAMME1T.

Eaunton Castle Restoration

Treasurer's Account from 1st January to 31st December, 1897.

RECEIPTS.

EXPJCNDITUBK.

1897.

1896, Dec. 31st.

8. d.

By Rents of Premises

To Balance of former Account

11 9

„ Rents of Castle Hall

,, Repairs to Property

8 7

,, Donation from Rev. II. A.

,, Agent's Commission on Letting

Daniel

House

15 0

„ Messrs. Hancock

„ Rates and Taxes

15 4

„ Telephone Company Wayleave
for Wires
,, Temporary Use of Old House ...

2
0

0
0

„ Gas

,, Sundry Expenses, Cattle Hall, &c.
„ Insurance ... '.

2
2
3

19 2
3 10
16 6

Balance

„ Interest on overdrawn Account

5 9

„ Cheque Book

2 0

180

130

17 11

H. J. BADCOCK

Treasurer.

Aug. 27th,

Examined and compared with the vouchers) HOWARD MAYNARD,
and Bank Book, and found correct. J ALEX. HAMMETT.

Vol. X LI V (Third Series, Vol. IV), Part L

10 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

Prebendary BULLER, vicar of North Curry, in moving the
adoption of the accounts, said they could heartily congratulate
themselves on the statements which had just been read. Having
had many years' experience of the extraordinary business
capacity of their friend and treasurer, there was no necessity
for him to make any remarks on the figures presented.

Dr. WIXTERBOTHAM seconded the resolution, and only
hoped that the balance in their favour would not remain as a
balance, but would be spent in promoting the various works of
the Society. He congratulated the President on entering
upon his second year of office, a compliment due to him for the
admirable way in which he discharged the duties last year,
and for the hospitality he showed on that occasion.

The resolution w^as carried.

The PRESIDENT proposed the election of the Earl of Cork
and Orrery as patron of the Society, in the place of the late
Lord Carlingford, whom he described as one of his most inti-
mate friends for the last fifty years. It had been his pleasure
to meet Lord Cork in a great number of capacities, and he
could not recollect that at any time he had not seen him dis-
tinguish himself in every one of them. He might say, in the
words of the Latin author, Nihil quod tctigit non ornavit.

Mr. H. D. SKRINE seconded, and said there was not a man
in the county they could have chosen more fit for the office.

The motion was adopted.

The Kev. Preb. ASKWTTH proposed the re-election of the
officers of the Society, with the addition of the Dean of Wells,
and Bishop Hobhouse to the list of vice-presidents.

Dr. NORRIS seconded.

Lieut.-Col. BRAMBLE said that as regarded spending money,
he was expressing the views of the committee when he said
that they were prepared to spend the whole of it, and as much
more as the public liked to give them. There was this diffi-
culty, with such a big building as they had there it was difficult

Report of the Council. 11

to spend a little money ; they wanted a great deal more than
they had really got.

The resolution was carried.

Lieut.-Col. BRAMBLE read a letter from Lord Cork, who
expressed his regret at being unable to attend and enclosed a
cheque for £10 towards the Restoration Fund. The Dean of
Wells, who was in Scotland, and Canon Church, who had
been called away to Belfast, also sent letters regretting their
inability to be present.

The Rev. F. W. WEAVER presented a list of new members
of the Society (sixty in number) and proposed that they be
elected. He mentioned that when the Society met in Taunton
in 1872, they had a membership of 370 and twenty-seven new
members. Now they had a membership of 592 with sixty new
members, making a total of 640.

Preb. HOLMES seconded the election of the new members,
and the list was agreed to.

Preb. HOLMES, the Hon. Sec. of the Somerset Record
Society, then made a statement as to the position of that
Society. He said that it was doing a great work with regard
to which Mr. Hobhouse had spoken, viz., towards acquiring a
county history. The volume this year which they proposed
to issue is the second volume of " Feet of Fines," by Mr.
Green. Each volume of the Somerset Record Society cost
about £100, and, after receiving money from the subscribers,
they had about £7 or £8 in hand for transcriptions. They
were financially in a very bad position, and more subscribers
were needed. The Society was now searching for the Car-
tulary of Athelney, which was in existence last century.
They had found another cartulary of Muchelney, which
confirmed the idea that Muchelney was founded by King
Ine. The Society had also obtained, and proposed to issue,
a piece of Bishop Giffard's Register. He was only Bishop
of Bath and Wells for three or four years and then he
went to York. This register had been bound up with the

12 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

York register, and it was only a few years ago recognised to
be part of the register of Bath and Wells. It had been
transcribed and sent to the Somerset Record Society, but for
the future they had no plans, because their funds were so low.
If they could not increase the number of subscribers, perhaps
Mr. Green would come forward again and give them another
volume of " Feet of Fines." In conclusion, Preb. HOLMES
mentioned that the Rev. E. H. Bates had been appointed
honorary secretary in his place.

Mr. C. H. BOTHAMLEY, presented the report of the Photo-
graphic Record Council, which was only appointed last year,
and the list as yet was only fragmentary. Through various
causes little progress had been made in the actual collection of
photographs, but promises had been made of a large number
of subjects, in various parts of the county.

€&e president's anoress.

The PRESIDENT then rose amidst cheers to deliver his pre-
sidential address. The Society having now completed fifty
years of its existence, he thought it would be interesting to
look back upon what had been done in the past as well as to
look forward to what they were going to do in the future.
Perhaps they could not now boast of such men as Dr. Buck-
land ; Bishop Clifford ; their great electrician, Andrew Crosse ;
of the learned dissertations that were printed in their volumes
by Mr. Hugo. But they had in the Society many excellent
men, some of whom, he was sorry to say, could not be there.
Amongst these were Mr. Ayshford Sanford, whom we wel-
comed last year at Quantock Lodge, and who brought to
earlier meetings of the Society Professor Boyd Dawkins, to
whose learning we owe a great deal ; and the accomplished
author of the " Origins of English History," Mr. Elton, who
had told him (the President) he would have been present if 'it
were possible. Then there was Mr. Luttrell, to whom they owed

The Taunton Castle. 13

the restoration of Cleeve Abbey, perhaps one of the most impor-
tant things that had been done in connection with the Society.
He had also restored the beautiful old castle and the two parish
churches, which had now been thrown more or less into one.
The PRESIDENT then referred to the gentlemen who had at

various times acted as secretaries to the Association, and after-

wards dwelt upon the necessity for a classification of the docu-
ments to be found in the Taunton Shire Hall. They had, he
said, in the Shire Hall all the documents belonging to the county
of Somerset for hundreds of years, and he was sure that their
accomplished Clerk of Quarter Sessions and the Lord-Lieu-
tenant of the county would assist anyone in having these docu-
ments scheduled and catalogued. He thanked them for
listening to him, and, although he felt he was not archa3olo-
gian enough to occupy the presidency, yet "Can a man do
more than he can do ? " was his motto, and so long as he could
do anything to promote the welfare of the Society he would
be at their service.

Bishop BBOWNLOW, in proposing a vote of thanks to the
President for his address, mentioned that Dr. Jessop had
written a recent article in the Nineteenth Century, which was
founded on one of the volumes of the Somerset Record
Society. He thought that by similar articles much practical
good might be done, as there were very few parishes in
England that could go back as far as parishes in Somerset.

Preb. COLEMAX seconded, and the vote of thanks was
heartily accorded.

The PRESIDENT having suitably responded, the members
attended a luncheon in the Castle Hall, hospitably given
by the Mayor of Taunton.

Caunton Castle,

After lunch many of the members proceeded to witness the
laying of the foundation stone of the new Technical Institute

14 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

for the town, and subsequently a move was made towards the
Castle, from the courtyard of which Mr. BUCKLE gave a
description of that building.*

Mr. E. SLOPER said the common opinion was that King
Ine built a castle there, but the Saxons did not build castles,
they founded towns only during the progress of the early
conquest, neither, in his opinion, did Bishop Giffard build the
castle. The founder of the building was Henri of Blois, Bishop
of Winchester, in the year 1138, and the authority for that
statement was based on the Cottonian MS. Domit., A. xiii,
known as the Annals of the Church of Winchester. The weir
which held up the waters of the Tone and conveyed them to
the moat was called French Weir, simply because this French-
man, Henri of Blois, built it for the purposes of the defence of
his new castle.

Cfce Council Cfmmfcer,

A visit was next paid to the Council Chamber and Municipal
Buildings, where the party were received by the Mayor, who
showed the visitors the original charter of the borough granted
by Chas. I. It was lost at the time of the restoration, but in
the year 1677, at the instance of Bishop Mew, the charter was
restored. In the year 1792, however, it was again lost, because the
town failed to comply with the conditions on which the charter
was granted. As they all knew, the charter was restored,
and it had been in existence for the past twenty-one years.
The Mayor drew attention to the spacious mayoral chair,
which, he said, wras of Taunton manufacture. It was formed
out of an old oak tree found in the bed of the river Tone,
The borough arms, in needlework, made from part of an altar
cloth in St. Mary's Church, and presented by Dr. Cottle, were
next shown ; also an address from Taunton, U.S.A., received

* Mr. Buckle's account of the Castle was based upon the papers by the Rev.
F. Warre and Mr. G. T. Clark, which have been printed in vols. iv and xviii
of the Proceedings.

St. Mary's Church. 15

in the year 1885, the frame of which, it was interesting to note,
was made out of timbers of the Hawk, which ship went out
with the Mayflower, which took out the Puritan fathers. The
present Council Chamber was originally the dormitory of the
old Grammar School, and the hall they had met in at the
opening of the proceedings was the schoolroom. He mentioned
that that was the first meeting held in it since its restoration.

Cfce 2DID Wbitt !£>att

The party then proceeded to view the facade of the Devon
and Somerset Stores, which was originally the " Old White
Hart" Hotel, where the notorious Judge Jeffreys lodged
during the time of the " Bloody Assize," held in Taunton. A
fine group of half-timbered houses adjoining was next inspected.
The principal building, now the West Somerset Stores, was
originally the town-house of the Portman family, and is in
excellent preservation. It bears the date 1578.

. sharp's Cfwrcf),

The beautiful old church of St. Mary Magdalene was next
visited, and its fine proportions, elaborate decorations and
interesting features were much admired. Taking up a position
at the lectern, MR. BUCKLE gave a description of the church.
Beginning by stating that they would all agree that was an ex-
ceptionally fine church, Mr. Buckle went on to say that the
plan was rather curious, because on either side of the nave was
a narrow aisle, and then beyond that a very wide aisle. The
natural assumption, therefore, was that the church originally
consisted of the nave and a narrow aisle on each side, but that
when it became desirable to enlarge the church it was decided
to build other and larger aisles outside the original aisles.
Speaking generally, St. Mary's church may be called a Perpen-

16 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

dicular church of two dates. Most of the windows belonged
to the ordinary Perpendicular of the 15th century, whilst the
main arcade and the clerestory are of the rich, and elaborate
style which developed at the beginning of the 16th century.
But the arcade on the north side was of a very much earlier
and simpler style, and it had been the habit to describe that as
the oldest part of the church. He did not believe that the
arcade was genuine ; that was to say, it was rebuilt during the
Perpendicular period, at one of the times when the church had
a great enlargement, and that those pillars and arches were
taken from some other part of the church and rebuilt as they
saw them now. The bases and capitals, which belonged to a
later period than the pillars, seemed to prove this. It was to
be observed that there was a difference between the east and
west portions of this arcade. The three western arches were
slightly wider than the corresponding arches of the nave and
opposite aisle, so that the piers supporting them were thrown a
little out of line with the other piers across the church ; prob-
ably, the spacing of the piers was determined by the widths of
the old arches which were to be rebuilt. But the remaining
piers were truly lined with the other arcades and supported
narrow four-centred arches — another sign that the work was
actually of Perpendicular date.* The same capital was used
here also in the chancel, so that we might fairly assume that
this arcade was rebuilt at the same time as the lower part of
the chancel was rebuilding, that is to say, at the first of the
two Perpendicular enlargements. Other signs of the early
church remained in the arch labels of round section and some
of the corbels re-used in the narrow north aisle.

The first Perpendicular church included the wide north
aisle, with its windows, the lower part of the chancel with its
chapels, and the eastern half of the wide south aisle. There
was a great rebuilding at a subsequent period. On the right

* Curiously enough Wilton church has early piers of precisely the same
section, rebuilt at the same period with similar caps and four-centred arches over.

St. Mary* Church. 17

hand side of the south porch there was a date, 1508, and the
greater portion of the church as it now stands was erected
then — including the nave and clerestory, the angel capitals and
the numerous niches, and the very handsome roof. And not
only so, but the tower was rebuilt at the same time, as
appeared from a will discovered by Mr. W. George, which
shows the tower was building in 1503, and provides for a
timber cross in the churchyard set upon a stone base.*

In regard to the chancel, it was remarkable that there was
no provision for a rood screen, and there was no doubt that
this part of the church was raised at the time of the great re-
building. The east window was curious in regard to the
arrangement of the tracery, the three centre lights and the
tracery above forming in themselves a complete window and
the other tracery filled in all around. The section of the
piers supporting the chancel arch was changed at about five
feet above the floor, and the change of design was artfully
hidden by converting the original hollow mouldings into
niches ; but there was much confusion and apparent change of
plan about the carrying up of these piers. And the same was
true about the cross arches springing from these piers. The
fragments of painted glass in the windows were mostly of
fifteenth century work, and in the centre light of the west
window were the initials " R.B.," with a merchant's mark
underneath. In the tower there were also four initials —
"R.B.," "A.S." — which had given rise to considerable con-
jecture as to wh&t they meant. There were two persons of
note living at that period — Richard Bere, Abbot of Glaston-
bury, whose initials were to be found on St. Margaret's
Hospital, just outside Taunton ; and Sir Reginald Bray, about
whom there was a tradition that he was architect to Henry
VII, by whom it was thought by some the great towers of

* See vol. xxx. i. 94. The description of the cross is inaccurately printed,
and should run — "It : I will that myn executrice make a newe crosse of tree
pformed wt stone in the foote set and wrought in churchyard of Mary Magda-
leyn iiygh the procession wey."

Vol. XLI V (Third Series, Vol. I V), Part I. c

18 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

Somerset were built. But St. Margaret's Hospital was in the
parish of West Monkton, and the Abbot of Glastonbury had
nothing to do with Taunton, and it was extremely improbable
that a great soldier like Sir Reginald Bray was also a great
architect. He (Mr. Buckle) thought they might put down
the initials to two benefactors, and the shield with the
merchant's mark made it clear that "R.B." was a merchant
of Taunton. When the tower was rebuilt, only four ancient
stones were re-used, the tAvo canopies over the stoups for holy
water, on either side of the western entrance, and the
elaborately carved spandrils over the doorway, which, how-
ever, had been very much restored. The subject of the one
appeared to be the miracle of St. Gregory's Mass, and the
other represented the appearance of our Lord to Mary Mag-
dalene in the Garden of Gethsemane. In the latter there
appeared outside the garden fence a kneeling figure of a bene-
factor in civil dress. The carving had been so much restored
that no confidence could be placed in the dress of this figure,
but, so far as it went, this carving supplied a further argument
that the tower was built by the tradesmen of the town, rather
than from a royal grant.

The late parapet round the south aisle furnished another
clue to the benefactors of this date in the coat. A bend between
two leaves, impaling A fret within a bordure, with, apparently,
a dog for crest. As to the tower it was one of the grandest
in the county. It was said to be 131 feet high and the
pinnacles 32 feet, making a total of 163 feet high. It was
covered with elaborate carving from the bottom right up to
the- top. It was emphatically built in the Somersetshire style,
an argument against Sir Reginald Bray having had any hand
in its design, and a vast amount of money and effort must have
been spent upon it, but not with such complete success as they
could wish. There was no growth of richness towards the
top, so that the tower lacked unity and proportion, and
perhaps on that account it was a pity that Hammet-street had

St. Mary's Church. 19

been opened up so as to expose the whole of the tower to view.
On the north wall of the church was a life-size figure of
Robert Gray, the founder of the Almshouses in East-street,
and under it the quaint lines —

"Taunton bore him, London bred him,
Piety train'd him, virtue led him ;
Earth enrich'd him, heaven cares't him,
Taunton blest him, London blest him.
This thankful town, that mindful city,
Share his piety and his pity.
What he gave, and how he gave it,
Ask the poor, and you shall have it.
Gentle reader, heaven may strike
Thy tender heart to do the like ;
And now thy eyes have read the story,
Give him the praise and heaven the glory."

suce 65. Anno Domini 1635."

At the invitation of the Vicar, the Rev. Preb. ASK WITH,
the party proceeded to the vestry to inspect the registers and
the old plate. There were two old registers on view, the one
belonging to Queen Elizabeth's reign, and the other used
during the time of Monmouth's rebellion. A note in the
latter records the fact that burials were interrupted during the
rebellion, and it was interesting to observe that Monmouth's
followers are invariably called " rebels v in the registers. The
holy vessels which are still in use, consist of two silver-gilt
flagons, presented in 1639, two silver-gilt chalices, given in
1630 and 1639, and a silver salver, with a Latin inscription
surrounding an engraving of the Castle. These vessels were,
after the landing of the Prince of Orange at Torbay, buried, to
preserve them from the hands of spoilers.

The party next proceeded to St. James' Church, passing on
their way through St. Mary's Vicarage grounds, where they
had an opportunity of seeing the only remains that are left of
the earth-work that was raised round Taunton during the
siege.

20 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

. Barnes*

This church Mr. BUCKLE described as a very great
contrast to that of St. Mary's. It was, however, a straight-
forward example of a Perpendicular church of about the 15th
century. The nave and the aisles appear to have been en-
tirely re-built about that time, but the chancel was entirely
modern. It was a type of church which was rather unusual
in Somerset, with its three wide barrel roofs. The enormously
wide arch at the east end of the arcade was a very remarkable
feature, and the purpose presumably was to enable a larger
number of people to see into the chancel. There was a very
elaborate font under the tower, which, he was sorry to say, had
been restored, so that it was difficult to say what parts of the
carving were original and what parts modern. It was octa-
gonal in shape, with three figures on each side, so that alto-
gether there were twenty-four figures, including the twelve
Apostles. Above the font they saw the fine vault of the
tower. It was a singularly beautiful tower, and was almost
identical with the one at Bishop's Lydeard, but the latter was
in one sense, more perfect because it had the original parapet
and pinnacles on the top. The outline and general effect of
the tower were remarkably beautiful, and deserved to be looked
at from many points of view, particularly from the bridge over
the Tone. In his opinion that tower was a considerably
greater work of art than the great tower of St. Mary Magda-
lene, although nothing like the same amount of money had
been spent upon it.

ptiorp TBatn.

A move was next made to what is known as the Priory
Barn, one of the old farm buildings belonging to the Priory at
Taunton, which, in olden times, stood at the end of the town.
Little or nothing of the original building remains.

Grays Almshouses. 21

Mr. E. SLOPER gave some few particulars of the old Priory,
from which it appeared to have been founded in 1125. An
earlier monastery existed at Taunton, before the Norman
Conquest. He said it had always been a puzzle to him where
that monastery stood. In the town there was a street called
Paul Street, and further on there was a farm called Pool Farm,
where ancient remains and a pitched paved way were to be
seen on the west side of the farm buildings. The former he
regarded as the site of the earlier monastery, arid it was known
that many of the lesser monasteries were absorbed by the
greater ones, prior to the Conquest. It was not mentioned in
Domesday, but was alluded to in charters, and specially men-
tioned in connection with rendering certain customs to the
king in the llth century. The word Pool in regard to Pool
Farm he considered was a corruption of Paul, to which saint
the monastery was probably dedicated. This saint's name
was spelt Poole, Poule, and Powle, in mediaeval times.

Drag's 31imi)ou$e0.

A visit was next made to Gray's Almshouses in East Street,
Taunton, which were founded, as a tablet on the facade records,
in the year 1635, by Robert Gray, whose virtues are described
on a tablet to his memory in St. Mary's church. The quaint
old rooms were inspected with interest, and the chapel in
particular attracted much attention. Here is still preserved
the old Bible, printed in 1634, which was used at the founda-
tion of the almshouses, and the various readers who are
appointed by the inmates utilize the blank pages of the book
for the purpose of inscribing their names therein. The build-
ing, both interior and exterior, is in an excellent state of pre-
servation. The inspection of this place concluded the first
day's tour.

22 Fiftieth An nn.<tl Meeting.

OEtiening sheeting.

In the evening, a meeting was held in the Castle Hall for
Papers and discussions. The PRESIDENT occupied the chair,
and was supported by the Mayor, and the Rev. F. W. Weaver.

Deer on tbe duantocfeg.

The PRESIDENT read a paper on "Red Deer on the
Quantocks." He said that the origin of his reading that
paper was that in his last address as President at Bridgwater
he was reported to have used these words : — " There \vas a
general belief that, as on Exmoor, which had been a Royal
forest from time immemorial, so on the Quantocks red deer
had been for centuries. These beautiful animals, however,
were claimed to have been first turned out on the Quantocks
by Mr. C. E. J. Esdaile's father, and this was confirmed by
Lord Ebrington." He would now wish to withdraw Lord
Ebrington's confirmation, which was given by him in his book
on staghunting, because last winter he met him and asked him
about this question, whereupon he told him that he (Mr.
Stanley) had been his authority on the question of Mr. Esdaile
turning the deer out. He (the President) had thought Lord
Ebrington had independent knowledge of his own of what
was in the documents belonging to the Esdaile family, but
he was quite prepared to take the responsibility upon himself.
The Rev. Mr. Greswell wrote a letter to the Somerset County
Gazette on the subject, and seemed to have to a certain degree
convinced the editing secretary of that society.

The Rev. F. W. WEAVER : I am not responsible for all I
print.

The PRESIDENT, proceeding, said he was glad to find that
the committee cordially agreed with his suggestion that he
should read a paper on the red deer on the Quantocks. He
hoped they would be very lenient to him, as a study of

The Red Deer on the QnantocJts. 23

Domesday was one of the most fearful things he had ever
undergone, and it was very difficult to understand. Mr.
Stanley then read his paper, Avhich was of an interesting
character, and in which he said there was no proof at all
that in old days there were more deer on the Quantocks
than in any other part of England, and also asserted that the
forest laws did not apply to the Quantocks. He said : I will
first take Mr. Greswell's arguments which have been printed
with my address, and then proceed to his other arguments.
Leland certainly observed that there was a red deer park in the
bottom at Nether Stowey, and another of fallow, but these
deer in a park are not the red deer for which we are looking,
but park deer, fenced in and not ranging over the hills. Mr.
Weaver also says that Mr. Gresw^ell brings evidence forward
to show that a large portion of this part of Somerset was
accounted " forest " from Domesday downwards. We are, I
believe, at all events Mr. Greswell and I are, willing to accept
Mr. Eyton, generally, as our authority. Now what does he
say positively, preface, page 34 ? — " The Somerset survey
names no king's forest at all under any specific name of such
forest, but it gives the expanses of such forests in the large
areas of wood and pasture which it annexes to certain manors
of the Veins Dominicum Corona. The Royal forests of
Somerset thus vaguely noticed by a technicality of Domesday,
proved in the following century to be five in number — Exmoor,
Neroche, Selwood, Mendip and North Petherton. Though in
a Domesday point of view the Royal forests may be said to
have been annexed to the Royal manors, this must be under-
stood collectively of both. No particular forest can be pointed
out as having been apportioned to a particular manor. A
mass of Royal Forest was annexed for instance to the three
Royal Manors of Carhampton, Williton and Cannirigton.
They had among them 14,400 acres of wood and 21,600 of
pasture, in all 36,000 acres, which, though not altogether
forest in a physical sense, were afforested in a technical sense,

24 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

that is, deemed to pertain to the King's Forest." This is the
paragraph which Mr. Greswell quotes, leaving out " for in-
stance," which connects the paragraph with what has gone
before. Going on to page 130, where details of the north-
western manors of Somerset are considered, we find " On the
whole the Domesday measurements of the above territory
exceed the measures of the corresponding parishes by 214,585
—198,119, that is 16,466 acres. There can be but one con-
struction of all this. It is that much of the woodland and
pasture attributed by Domesday to the King's Manors and to
other manors of this region really comprehended forests and
uplands pervading districts which were geographically external.
When we come to the North Petherton Manor and Hundred,
for instance, we shall see that none of the King's Forest of
North Petherton was deemed by Domesday to be appurtenant
thereto, and there are other like instances." As regards West
Monkton Manor, says Mr. Eyton, p. 164, the difference of the
" two measurements was probably King's Forest, and accredited
in Domesday like North Petherton Forest to the Royal
Manors of South and North Somerset." But this only affects
the Domesday survey, which does not separate the forests
from other manors; but a century later we find bounds of the
forests described, and a century later still we find the peram-
bulation of the forests taking place, and what had long been
promised carried out, that the lands that had been added to
the forests by the kings were disafforested. Near the Quantocks
the only forest wras North Petherton, the names of whose
rangers have come down to us, and one of them, Sabina Peche,
who made P. de Hamme her deputy, who acted as ranger of
the king's forests in Somerset, we read had Newhalle, in
Holford. The tenants here had their lands by the service of
attending at Petherton Park in fawning season, or paying a
fine for non-attendance ; this service was afterwards changed
(Collinson, vol. iii, p. 457) into a certain rent, and is still paid.
Would she (the ranger) have sent those who held under her to

The Red Deer on the Quantocks. 25

North Petherton if there had been special fawning on the Quan
tocks ? This may be the origin of a curious dispute about a pay-
ment from Holford to North Petherton. Red deer existed over-
all England at one time, and whether they ceased to exist or not
is a matter of evidence. Is there anything to show that two
hundred years ago, at any particular time, there were any red
deer on the Quantocks ? Lord Ebrington has the records of
the North Devon Staghounds, and the "no doubt with justice"
of Lord Ebrington's corroboration, I freely withdraw, be-
cause it was based on the circumstances which I told him
myself. But I can quote his authority that there is no record
of any deer having been ever hunted on Quantock by the
North Devon Staghounds. Mr. Greswell's evidence is based
on his disbelief of wrhat I have written regarding Mr. Esdaile
and Mr. Crosse's authority in a poem on a stag hunt. As
for the first point I believe Mr. E. J. Esdaile was on Cothel-
stone-hill, as Mr. Greswell suggests, on the occasion of
the earliest visit, but did not announce that he had turned
out deer on a neighbouring property. As to Mr. Crosse's
writing on " The Walks on the Quantocks," this I found
was written and read before this association in 1854, Sep-
tember 12th; this is more than fifteen years after Mr. Esdaile
began turning out the deer, and if they were red deer that
Mr. Crosse saw, they were probably some of them. But it seems
to be forgotten that there was a herd of fallow deer (that
got out of Crowcombe Park as I have heard), which existed in
Lord Taunton's time, and was hunted by Wodrow, and I
suspect the great electrician might in the dead of night have
made a mistake with them. The poem said to be on a stag
hunt appears at page 62 of " Memorials of Andrew Crosse"
but it is " Lines on a red deer turned out before the Staghounds
on Broomfield Hill." If there had been red deer on the Quan-
tocks the carted deer would not have been resorted to. I have
not been able to find any date for this poem, nor any account of
the cartei deer on Broomfield Hill. The passage out of " The

Vul. XL/ V (Third Serit*, Vol. IV), Part I. i>

26 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

Walks on the Quantocks " is as follows : — " Often have 1
stumbled on the red deer while crossing the hills at the dead of
night or disturbed the fox with the light of my lantern." I
should suggest that he mistook the fallow deer for red deer in
his nightly walk with a lantern. The occurrence that I men-
tioned to Lord Ebrington was that the late Mr. E. J. Esdaile
having kindly come to see me, when he for a time partly
recovered his health, walked around the house at Quantock,
which he had not seen after Lord Taunton had finally finished
it, and talked to me of old things. I asked him about the red
deer. He said, " I turned out the first on the Quantocks." I
asked him where, and he said at the top of Cockercombe. I
find from Mr. Charles Esdaile, his son, that this must have
been ministerially on his part, as his grandfather, also Mr. E.
J. Esdaile, was alive, and the son no doubt assisted at the en-
largement of the deer. I went to London a few days after his
visit, and when I came back to Somerset in the autumn his
old disease had returned and I never had any more talk with
him about Somerset days, which I had much looked forward to
doing. The extracts from Mr. E. J. Esdaile, sen.'s, diary,
with which I have been favoured, show — " that in 1833, during
and all through the winter months, a hind was often seen in the
woods on Quantocks. She was twice found and hunted by
some harriers. I cannot find out she had been seen during
1834. In 1836 mention is made of a stag's horn being picked
up in ' one of our (Mr. Esdaile's) plantations by the keeper.'
In May, 1839, three hinds from Dulverton were turned out in
Cockercombe, one five, one three, and the other one year old.
There is reason to believe that the first mentioned beat her
way back again on May 18, 1840. I turned out two more hinds
on Quantock, one of which — a ten-years-old deer — had been
turned out before the staghounds on Gibb Hill on the loth,
and after a chase of seven hours was re-taken at Heath's
House, near Huntspill — fifteen miles from Bridg water." In
another account she was said to be uncarted. So much for Mi*.

The Red Deer on tlic Quantocks. 27

Esdaile's journal ; now for the evidence of Wm. Palmer,
frankly given by Mr. Grreswell, and another Wm. Palmer, who
died this spring, who say they did not see the red deer on the
Quantocks till about the same time — between 1830-40. I
would observe that Mr. Esdaile was a sportsman second to
none on the Quantocks. He was given the command by Mr.
Newton Fellowes, afterwards Lord Portsmouth — who had
failed to do so on the previous day — to kill a deer for Sir F.
Knight, the details of which are given Collyns, p. 172 : and he,
possessed of ample means, may be fairly given as being as high
an authority as we can get. Well, who were the Wm.
Palmers ? Why, the son and relation of John Palmer, well
known on the Quautocks as the votary of sport, though I may
say never on his own land. However, he died just ninety
years of age, a favourite with all, and who said to my wife that
he liked to see her, but he wanted now to see the 'squire, be-
cause he kept him alive with, his brown sherry. Well, is not
this a most extraordinary undesigned coincidence, that these
two in their different classes of life should attribute the same
time for the introduction of red deer into the Quantocks, the
first from his knowledge of what he had done himself and the
other from his observation of what he had seen on the Quan-
tocks ? Mr. Greswell assumes that the Quantocks were really
a Royal forest ; he says that the red deer were protected by
the forest laws. If they had been Sabina Peche and P. de
Hamme would not have sent people to North Petherton at
fawning time, and, indeed, they would have been themselves
the rangers. As for the argument from what L eland saw at
Nether Stowey, of course I am aware of it, as part of the land
now belongs to Mrs. Stanley, and I have often read the
passage in L eland. There is an argument that the permission
to enclose shows the existence of deer, as they were to stock
the enclosed park. But I submit that the Nether Stowey deer
park is not on the Quantocks at all. I know the ground well ;
bought from H. Harvey by Sir P. Acland and Lord Taunton,

28 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

to whom it came from Mr. Balch ; it is the old manor of Lord
Audlej. The land is below Nether Stowey village in what
Leland calls a pretty bottom. At Coripole, now Curry pool,
there was a deer park in 1585 ; at Quantoxhead the Luttrells,
at Cothelstone the Stawells, had a deer park, but I submit that
there were just as many deer parks away from the borders of
the Quantocks, and two of these were not on the Quantocks.
Mr. Speke, of Whitelackington, Mr. Champernowne in the
same neighbourhood, and the largest deer park of all, the one
at Hinton St. George, are the proofs that I would adduce.
Besides these three there was the Bishop of Winchester's
larger deer park near Taunton, of which Cardinal Beaufort
made Sir H. Luttrell ranger. There is no proof that the
Cardinal ever owned Hals way except that his natural daughter,
wife of Sir E. Stradling, is supposed to have done so, and Mr.
Warre's allusion to his hunting on the Quantocks is of too
frivolous a character to view it as an historical statement. In
later years Col. Luttrell (that would be after 1848) found deer
on the Quantocks when he kept the foxhounds, but they were
not found in the earlier part of the century. In 1867 the
Field newspaper congratulated Sir T. Acland, Lord Taunton
and others, on the fact of a herd being established on the
Quantocks. In 1846 1 find the first meet recorded in Mr.
Collyns' book. A lady who lives at Marsh Mills and whose
father was a most intimate friend of Mr. Tom Poole, tells me
she never remembers hearing of the red deer having been in
their time on the Quantocks. In the Coleridge- Words worth
time there is no allusion to them. I cannot find any evidence
that there were red deer on the Quantocks for 150 or 200
years before Mr. Esdaile turned some out, and Mr. Bisset con-
tinued to do so, except occasional deer, which appeared there,
as one did some years ago at Street, and one for the last four
years at Clovelly. I find it was not a Royal Forest or the
deer there protected by the forest laws, and I may fairly claim
that they had not been on Quantock before 1839, since

The Red Deer on the Qitantocks. 29

the time that they generally became extinct in England.

The Rev. F. W. WEAVER read extracts from a paper by
Rev. W. Greswell, who was unable to attend. It took a some-
Avhat different view of the subject, coinciding with that taken
by the late Rev. F. Warre (Som. Arch. Soc. Proceedings,
v. xu). Mr. Greswell's paper, or rather the substance of it,
appeared in the Somerset County Gazette for October 8th, 1898.

The Right Rev. Bishop BROWNLOW read a learned paper
on the divisions of the Bishoprics of Wessex (see Part II).

The PRESIDENT cordially thanked Bishop Brownlow for
his paper, and expressed pleasure that the late Bishop Clifford's
successor showed such ability and willingness to assist them in
their discussions.

The Rev. Preb. HOLMES rose to thank Bishop Brownlow
for his valuable paper, and for calling attention to the Craw-
ford Charters, and though too late for a serious discussion,
would remark that up to the appearance of these documents it
would seem that all our information was derived from one
source. There was no evidence at Rome, either of the letter
of Pope Formosus to the bishops of England, audito nefandos,
or of the threat which was averted by the consecrations in 911.
The bishop had referred to Wilkins, Mansi, Cosart, Labbe
and Jaffe, but all these gave as the authority for their
statement William of Malmesbury, who gave one account
in his Gesta Regum and the other in his Gesta Ponti-
cum. The Crawford papers, however, seem to suggest that
the statements made in the Canterbury, Winchester, and Cot-
tonian MSS. may not have been founded on Malmesbury, but
on something earlier, and that probably Malmesbury had before
him some archetype which was an attempt to explain the
question, and of which he gave part in his Gesta Regum and
part in his Gesta Pontificnm. The second point he would
remark on was that the consecration of the bishops could not
have been earlier than 910, since Asser of Sherborne did not
die till 909, or Frithstan of Winchester before 906. De Gray

30 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

Birch's heading to the document concerning the consecration
gives it as from Formosus to Eadward, which is ridiculous,
seeing that the Pope died five years before Eadward became
king. It seems, therefore, that an attempt has been made, and
probably as early as the time of Dunstan, to make as one story
facts connected with two events. First there was the letter
which is probable, and cannot reasonably be rejected, of Pope
Formosus, 891-896, to the English bishops, in condemnation
of the deplorable condition of the English Church. Organiza-
tion was wanting, sees were vacant, and heathenism was gain-
ing ground again. Then there may have been another message,
probably sent by Pope Sergius IV, which was followed by
the consecrations. It was hardly likely that there had ever
been any signatures to the charter, because it would almost
seem that the charter was only an after-thought, drawn up to
give an appearance of authority to an historical explanation of
an event that had occurred three generations previously.

The Rev. Mr. BlCHARDSON read a paper on St. Anne's
Chapel, Brislington.

This closed the evening's proceedings.

§>econti Dag's

Wednesday wras devoted to an excursion to the churches on
the moors lying to the east of Taunton, including the parishes
of Ruishton, Creech St. Michael, North Curry, Stoke St.
Gregory, and Thornfalcon. A start was made punctually at
9.30 in brakes from Castle Green, the party numbering about
a hundred.

Eutebton Cfwrcf).

The first place visited was Ruishton, where the church was
inspected. Mr. BUCKLE, before going inside, drew attention
to the charming little tower. They would notice that its
general character was similar to a great many round about

Ruishtoii Church. 31

that part, and particularly it was like St. James's, Taunton,
and Bishop's Lydeard, only on a smaller scale, and in a differ-
coloured stone. Ruishton tower was built of blue lias, whereas
the Taunton towers were built of red sandstone in each
case, with Ham stone dressings. The smallness of the tower,
combined with such magnificent and effective richness, had a
striking effect. It was a remarkable tower in another way,
because they happened to know its date. In Mr. Weaver's
book on Wills they found money left for its building in 1530
and 1533. Considering the lateness of the date, the building
was of an exceedingly pure style, there being nothing to
suggest that it was absolutely at the end of the Perpendicular
period. According to tradition, the tower was never finished,
and this seemed likely to be true. At any rate, the parapet
and pinnacles were now missing, and if they were ever put up,
they must have been taken down. In looking at the tower it
would be seen that the intention of the builder was to have a
parapet and pinnacles. There was a fragment of a cross in
the churchyard, and at the corner of the church was a stone
on the coign carved with the figure of a priest in the act of
benediction. Proceeding inside the building, Mr. Buckle
pointed out the fragment of a Norman doorway. The chapel
and probably also the walls of the chancel were of the early
English period, probably 12th century. The east window of
the chapel was very charming, with delicate tracery. It wras
a form of geometrical window which was met with here and
there round about Somerset, the most noteworthy being that at
Middlezoy, which they visited last year. All the rest of the
church was, as usual, Perpendicular. They would notice how
curiously the church was planned, the chancel being completely
out of line with the nave, with a little window near the pulpit
looking from the nave into the chancel, and a doorway leading
from the chancel into the chapel. The arcade between the
chapel and the nave was a pretty piece of work. The font
was a remarkable example, richly carved all over, and stand-

32 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

ing upon five legs. There were some fragments of old wood
carving in the present reredos, which probably came from the
screen, as there clearly was a rood screen there. On the north
was a large staircase, with a pretty window in it. In front of
the reredos was a beautiful picture, of which he would be glad
to hear the history.

Prebendary ASK WITH said the tradition was that in the
last century the picture was presented to the church by a
member of Mr. Murray Anderdon's family, of Henlade, but
no record could be found of it. Probably about that time a
great many Flemish pictures came to England and were pre-
sented to churches, as this one was said to have been.

The Rev. E. H. BATES kindly sends the following note:
" Among the fragments of coloured glass in the windows is a
representation of a chalice in 'yellow stain,' interesting in that
the foot of the chalice has small toes at each projecting angle.
This ornamentation was in fashion from 1490 to 1510, or
thereabouts."

Creecf) ^t sgJic&ael Ctwtcf),

The party were next driven to Creech St. Michael, and
proceeding to the church they were received by the Vicar, the
Rev. James Bownes. Mr. BUCKLE, in describing the features
of the building, said that at first glance they would be
inclined to say that this was a thoroughly Perpendicular
church, with the exception of the arches they came in by ; but
the contrary was the fact. Almost the entire walls of the
church were of the 12th century, and the large nave was
of that date. The outer arch of the porch was in the charac-
teristic Somerset style, which was called " Early Somerset."
They Avould notice in the tower that two of the arches were
Early English, but that looking into the aisle towards the
west was a Perpendicular arch, which was inserted when the
aisle was added. The upper part of the early tower remained,

North Curry Church. 33

but above that a Perpendicular belfry had been added, as was
often the case. Though the old walls remained, with the
exception of the arches and the south porch, there was
nothing left of the features of the early church. All the
windows had been inserted at later periods. The most re-
markable feature of the chapel on the north was a gallery in
the thickness of the wall which formed the approach to the
rood loft, through a doorway which was now blocked. There
wras a great deal that was very rich about the Perpendicular
work, and there were two nice niches on the pillars besides
some elaborate work leading into the transept. The windows
in the transept were curious, the lower ones having quaint
cusping. The roof was very rich and had elaborate carvings.
A piece of the rood screen remained, which had been cut
off just above the lower panels. There were some fragments
about the chancel of other old wood work, and there were a
few bench ends. A curious desk was made out of a variety
of these fragments, which bore the date 1634. The church
contained a monument in the north chapel of the Cuff family.
Outside, over .the west window, was a figure of the Trinity.
The stocks were still standing in the churchyard under one of
the two fine old yew trees.

The Rev. J. BOWXES exhibited the communion plate and
the registers, the earliest date of the latter being 1641. Dur-
ing a discussion on the origin of the name of the parish, Pre-
bendary ASKWITH expressed the opinion that it was derived
from " creek. "

Jf3ottf) Currp

The next church visited was that at North Curry, which is
considered to be one of the finest edifices of its kind in the
county. Mr. BUCKLE, in describing its features, first of all
called attention to its remarkably fine octagonal tower. There
were, he said, a good many octagonal towers scattered about

Vvl. XLIV (Third Series, Vol. IV), Part /.

34 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

Somerset, such as at Stoke St. Gregory, which they would
visit that afternoon, South Petherton, Bishop's Hull, and
Pitminster. But in almost every case they were the work of
the latter part of the 12th century, very early in the Early
English style. As a rule they found that the tower was raised
afterwards in the Perpendicular period, and another storey
put on. But except for that one at North Curry, he did not
think there was any example in the county of a tower of that
form which was begun so late as that apparently was. There
appeared to be nothing earlier in that church than 1300. The
principal part of the tower, the belfry storey and the octagon
appeared to be later than that, but the piers and arches re-
maining in the centre of the church under the tower, and the
transepts were of the beginning of the Decorated period. The
elaborate moulding of the pillars with the capitals, and then
the internal arches of the two windows in the transepts — all
that work was also of this date. Thus, they had an example
of a cruciform church, with central octagonal tower, founded
at this comparatively late date. The church then built was
without aisles, and the chancel and nave were of the same
large size as at present. He called attention to the very
curious arrangement of the tower piers ; there were two
elaborately moulded piers on the east side, whereas on the
west side there were comparatively plain ones, and, in both
cases, there were stone seats carried round the base, an
unusual feature to find in a building which was only a parish
church. In reference to that, he might remark that North
Curry church was often called " the cathedral of the moors,"
on account of its grandeur, and of the way in which it over-
looked the moor. The church had not been built any length
of time before it became desirable to add on aisles, which was
done about the middle of the 14th century, but they were
not so lofty as those of to-day, consequently the original
arches were not so lofty as at present. With regard to the
original church, although the nave was of the same size as

North Curry Church. 35

the present, he should explain that it was not nearly so
high and was covered with a pointed roof. When the aisles
were added clerestory windows were put in, and the position of
those windows could now be clearly traced below the present
clerestory, while in two places they had been opened after
having been for some time sealed up. At the time that the
aisles were added a porch in a rather curious position on the
north side immediately to the west of the north transept was
destroyed. The second enlargement appeared to have been a
heightening, there being no addition to the church unless the
south porch was entirely of that date. Outside the porch they
would observe three niches. The original window of the south
transept was still there, and at the east end of the chancel
there were indications of the pointed roof. There were a
couple of interesting monuments, one in the north aisle and one
in the chapel, while another striking object was a fine candel-
abrum depending from the roof in the middle of the nave. In
the churchyard at the time of the Dissolution there was a
chantry chapel, a separate building which must have been of
considerable size and great elaboration. When the chantries
were abolished the building materials of the chapel were valued
at £15, which must have been a very large sum to give for old
materials in those days. If they multiplied it by ten they
would get an approximation to its modern value.

Lieut.-Col. BRAMBLE proceeded to give some information
respecting the monuments. He said the one in the chancel
would correspond with the decorated portion of the church.
It was the effigy of a civilian in the dress of the latter half of
the 14th century, about 1360. It had on a lay gown with tight
sleeves coming to the wrist, over that other sleeves ending just
below the elbow, and over that again a kind of tippet. There
was a remarkable number of these effigies both in Somerset-
shire and elsewhere. This effigy had its head resting on a
cushion, and at one time there was an angel supporting the
figure, but the angel had all been cut away except one hand

36 Fiftieth Annual Mcctuitj.

supporting the head, and the other resting on the shoulder.
With regard to the other effigy the vicar had asked him
whether it had come from the Abbey of Athelney, but the fact
that it was an emaciated figure, not a skeleton but a cadaver,
did not necessarily imply that it came from a monastic estab-
lishment. It was the fashion in those days to represent persons
in the same way as they were when lying in the tomb. Under-
neath the effigy were figures dressed as friars telling their
beads. It might have come from Athelney, but there was
nothing on it to lead him to conclude that it did.

Preb. BULLER, the vicar, was called upon to say a few
words. He stated that the monument in the chancel had an
inscription upon it, it was either John or Thomas of Slough,*
that was Slough Farm. He found in the register that Bishop
Ralph, of Shrewsbury, in January, 1337, gave two licenses to
John of Slough, of North Curry, to have divine service cele-
brated in his oratory at Slough for a year (S.R.S. ix, 315).
That effigy might represent the person.

Mr. BUCKLE added that there was a Norman doorway in
the north aisle which had belonged to an earlier church, and
been rebuilt in its present position. The old parish registers
and the communion plate were then inspected, and there was
also shown a couple of pewters which were in use in public
houses at the time of the Commonwealth, and which were in-
troduced into churches by the Puritans to show their disregard
for the sacredness of material things.

luncheon at

The party next proceeded to Moredon, where they were hos-
pitably entertained to luncheon by Major and Mrs. Barrett.

At the conclusion of the repast,

The PRESIDENT (Mr. Stanley) thanked Major and Mrs.
Barrett for the splendid hospitality which they had shown.

* [I read the inscription " Thoma [ jore atte Sloo."— ED.]

Slough House. 37

Personally, lie had so often enjoyed their hospitality that
he knew what it ahvays was, and he was sure that that
day they were most grateful to them for continuing the kind-
ness which they showed to the Society twenty-six years ago.
He (the President) only hoped that Major and Mrs. Barrett
would be willing to show them the same hospitality twenty-
six years hence. Every detail that could possibly have been
thought of had been attended to in order to ensure the com-
plete satisfaction of the guests.

" The health of Major and Mrs. Barrett and their family"
was drunk with enthusiastic cheers.

Major BARRETT replied, and said he could assure the
company that it had given Mrs. Barrett and himself very
great pleasure indeed to receive the Society a second time.
When he heard that they Avere coming to North Curry his
mind was carried back to their last visit, and he was surprised
to hear from Mr, Bidgood that it was so long ago as twenty-
six years. He was very glad to hear that there was a chance
of that fine old room, the Castle Hall, being turned to some
good account, for it had been rather a cause of anxiety to him
not to see it used to better purposes. The inhabitants of
Taunton must feel grateful to the Society for having preserved
to them such an historic building as Taunton Castle, and it
was, therefore, their duty to support the Society, the member-
ship of which, he trusted, would increase.

The company then adjourned to the grounds, where a
further pleasant time was spent in strolling about, the weather
being delightful.

The party was next driven to Slough House, which, by
kind permission of the owner, the Hon. H. P. Gore-Langton,
and of Mr. Thomas Hembrow, the tenant, was thrown open to
inspection. The building is in a good state of preservation,
and it has all the proportions of an Elizabethan manor house.

38 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

The party, or as many as could get into one of the principal
rooms, having assembled, Mr. BUCKLE proceeded to give a
description of the building. He said that the room in which
they were gathered was part of the hall. They would have
noticed as they came in that the porch had a beautiful facing
of stone in alternate courses of blue lias and Ham Hill, which
made altogether a very charming variety of colour. On enter-
ing the porch they passed through a screen of timber, and
afterwards they found themselves in another narrow passage
before entering that room. That passage was originally part
of the hall, which then extended as far as the timber screen.
The house was of the 16th century, and the style of the archi-
tecture was Gothic. Instead of having a large open roof,
however, this hall had a fine timber ceiling Avith rooms over.
At the principal end of the hall they would have expected to
find one, if not two bay windows ; and, indeed, two arches
remained, one of which originally led into a bay window, the
other into a recess which originally contained a flight of steps
going downward, and passing through a doorway. Where t
door led to he could not say ; perhaps to the moat, possi'
only to a cellar.

Mr. HEM BROW, the tenant, showed a portion of carved stone-
work, which was discovered in a wall of the building during
some repairs, and was considered to have been part of the
ancient oratory which was formerly there.

The Rev. H. F. S. GURXEY, vicar of Stoke St. Gregory,
expressed his opinion that the house had a history as far back
as King John, and there were formerly a Jack of Slough and a
Jack of Knapp, who had to provide a feast in accordance with
the customs of the manor.

After the inspection, Lieut.-Col. BRAMBLE, on behalf of
the Society, thanked Mr. Hembrow very cordially for his
kindness in allowing them to visit the house, and Mr. HEM-
BKOAV, in reply, said he was very pleased to have had the
opportunity of letting the members see it.

STOKE ST. GREGORY TOWER, FROM NORTH-WEST.

Stoke St. Gregory Church. 39

The Rev. E. H. BATES sends the following additional notes
on Slough Court :

The original owners of this place, from which they took
their name of " de la Slo " or " at Sloo," seem to have given
place during the reign of Richard II to the family of Montague
of Button Montis and Weston Bampfield in this county. On
the death of the head of the family, temp. Henry VIII, these
two manors passed to three co-heiresses and their descendants ;
but Slough seems to have been settled at some earlier date on
a younger «on, and the arms of Montague appear on an Eliza-
bethan- tomb in the churchyard. The Rev. H. F. S. Gurney,
vicar of Stoke St. Gregory, has found in the register entries
relating to the family down to 1600, when they seem to have
died out. Slough afterwards belonged to the family of Court,
and several monuments will be found in the south transept of
Stoke Church.

The church of Stoke St. Gregory was next visited, which
Mr. BUCKLE said was similar in many respects to the one at
North Curry, but the foundation was considerably older.
Here the octagonal tower was of the early date, when octagonal
towers were commonly built, namely, the latter part of the
12th century. The original church, like the one at North
Curry, was of cruciform shape without aisles. The church
must be regarded to some extent as the one from which the
builders at North Curry took their design, although they
might have brought more skill to bear upon it and had more
funds to work upon. The nave at Stoke St. Gregory was
wider than the transepts. But the builder wanted to get a
true octagon over the crossing, and in order to do so he had to
get a true square base. Consequently the arches into the
transepts were made thicker and richer than the nave and
chancel arch ; above these arches the squinches under the

40 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

octagon were visible within the church. These arches had no
capitals, but they had most remarkable bases, which when un-
covered at the restoration turned out to be Early English
capitals upside down. It was a great conundrum how they
got in that position. It would be observed that the whole of
those arches were built of Ham stone, whereas the upper part
of the tower and the upper ring of the side arches were built of
the native stone — a very beautiful grey sandstone. It had
been suggested that at some time or other the original sand-
stone arches had been taken down and re-erected in Ham
stone. In the south transept there were two windows of the
early period, but he thought beyond that there was nothing
left of the original 12th century church, and the whole of the
present architectural features with the exception of those he
had mentioned, dated from the latter part of the 15th century,
the period when the aisles were added. It was interesting to
note that in the churchyard, on the north side of the church,
there was an altar tomb with quatrefoils round it, and upon
the centre panel of each side were the Montacute arms with
the initials J. M., while the Montacute coat was repeated on
two capitals in the south transept. Of the furniture of the
church the font was, perhaps, the most remarkable feature. It
was an octagonal font with quatrefoils worked round it, one on
each face. Four patterns were used, each being repeated on
two adjoining sides. Though it was ingeniously worked he did
not think anybody could say it was a beautiful font. A good
many of the bench ends remained. The pulpit was a very in-
teresting piece of carved woodwork, the figures thereon repre-
senting Time, Faith, Hope and Charity, on each of which the
symbols were very strongly marked, and a fifth towards the
east, wrhich was extremely puzzling. A large reading desk
formerly stood in the church, but this had now been converted
into a vestry cupboard. On this were figures of women, with
oil lamps, supposed to represent the five wise virgins. Mr.
BUCKLE, in conclusion, drew attention to the stocks which

Conversazione. 41

could be seen in the churchyard, under a yew tree, as at
Creech St. Michael.

The Rev. H. F. S. GURXEY afterwards showed the church-
plate and the registers in the schoolroom.

Cfrornfalcon Cfjurcf).

From Stoke St. Gregory the drive was continued to the
small but picturesque church of Thornfalcon. The visitors
were met by the Rev. J. D. Bailey, the curate-in-charge, and
Lieut.-Col. BRAMBLE, in the absence of Mr. Buckle, gave some
particulars of the building. He said that it was a 14th century
church, with reticulated windows with quatrefoils. There
used to be a rood loft over the entrance to the chancel, ex-
tending along the top of the screen, and the marks where the
screen had been fixed were still visible. There being no
clerestory, a window had been put in on the north side, almost
parallel with the screen, to light the rood loft. On the other
side another window had been put in to light the pulpit.
There were several interesting bench ends, and the dates had
been carried on since, one being 1542. Just inside the entrance
to the doorway was a holy-wrater basin, and inside the church
on the south side was a kind of niche, almost resembling an
almonry, the purpose of which was not known.

In response to the kind invitation of Major and Mrs.
Chisholm Batten, the members adjourned to the rectory lawn
for tea. This over, and Mr. E. J. Stanley, M.P., having, on
behalf of the Society, thanked Major and Mrs. Chisholm
Batten for their kind hospitality, the homeward journey was
commenced, Taunton being reached about seven o'clock, thus
bringing a most enjoyable and interesting excursion to a close.

In the evening a conversazione was held in the Castle Hall,
and there was a very good attendance, Mr. Stanley, M.P.,

Vol. XLI V (Third Series, Vol. I V), Part 1. *

42 Fiftieth Annual Meetitu/.

and the Bishop of Clifton being among those present. Mr. F.
W. Baker's Taimton quadrille band was engaged for the
occasion. Songs were given by Mr. Frank AVhite and Miss
Barnicott, and the remainder of the evening was devoted to
conversation among the members.

Cfnrti Dap'0

On Thursday an excursion was made to the

Citp of ©ceter.

The Great Western Railway Company, with their usual readi-
ness on such occasions, issued excursion tickets for the visit,
and the intention was to provide special carriages by the 10.18
a.m. express train. The party, however, proved to be a larger
one than was anticipated, numbering altogether 100. Mr.
Lailey, the stationmaster, thereupon promptly made arrange-
ments for a special train to convey the visitors, which left
Taunton at 10.20, running in advance of the regular express.
Exeter was reached without stopping, after a smart run of
forty minutes. The party at once proceeded to the ancient
Guildhall, where they were received in state by the Mayor
(Alderman Pople), the Sheriff (Mr. Delpratt Harris), and the
Deputy-Mayor (Alderman Priug).

The MAYOR expressed the great pleasure it gave him, on
behalf of the Corporation, to welcome the Society to Exeter.
He mentioned that some twenty-five years ago the city was
honoured by a visit of the members of the Archaeological
Society of Great Britain, who, during their stay, were so pleased
with what they saw that they subsequently presented to the city
the gold chain of office which he was then wearing. The Town
Clerk (Mr. Shorto) was present, and would be pleased to show
them some of the old records, and give a description of them.

Mr. E. J. STANLEY, M.P., as President of the Society,

The City of Exeter. 43

thanked the Major for the kind way in which he had received
them. They had only gone four times out of the county of
Somerset since the Society had been in existence, and they
thought that, as they were now celebrating their Jubilee, they
could not do better than spend one day in a city which was,
perhaps, more interesting than any other in their immediate
neighbourhood. If the Town Clerk would be good enough to
show them some of the ancient documents it would afford them
very much pleasure.

The TOWN CLERK then explained that the Guildhall was
built in the year 1330, and the walls and the roof were the
same as the original structure. The fine oak panelling round
the hall was put up in the year 1588. It was formerly painted
and grained to represent mahogany until about twelve years
ago, when such an undesirable covering was removed. They
would notice some fine paintings on the walls. One was a
portrait of Princess Henrietta, daughter of Charles I, born
in Exeter, and another was of General Monk, who took such
a leading part in the Restoration of Charles II. Both pictures
were painted by Sir Peter Leley. Some swords were next
shown, one of which was presented to the city by Edwartl I,
and another by Henry VII. The Town Clerk proceeded to
give an interesting summary of the history of Exeter from
early times. There were 2,000 old deeds and 48 Royal
Charters. These had of late all been carefully arranged by Mr.
Stuart Moore, of the Record office. One of the oldest charters
they had was in the reign of Henry II. The common seal of
Exeter was passed round among the company for inspection.
It had, said the Town Clerk, been in use for over 600 years.
He had been told that the common seal used in Taunton was
very similar to that of Exeter, but some people thought that
that of Taunton was a reproduction of the one at Exeter.
The wax imprint of the seal of the Somerset town was also
handed round for inspection, and the Town Clerk said that it
seemed very clear that both were made by the same man.

44 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

Cfje CatbeDral.

A visit was next made to the Cathedral, so rich in archi-
tectural beauty of form and colour. The party was received
by Canon EDMONDS, who for about two hours entertained
his listeners with a most interesting, lucid, and scholarly des-
cription of the principal features of the noble pile. The Canon
having been cordially thanked for his address,

A move was next made to " Mol's Coffee House " (a build-
ing of 1 396), and St. Martin's Church was afterwards visited.
By this time the visitors were ready for luncheqn, which was
served at the New London Hotel. The afternoon was spent
in visiting the Castle, St. Pancras Church, St. Mary Arches
Church, and St. Mary Steps Church, while a few went to
the Museum. The return journey was made in the special
train at 4.52, Taunton being reached about 5.45. This brought
third day's proceedings to an end, and the general expression
was that the visit had been a most enjoyable one, and the
beautifully fine weather added much to the pleasure.

jFourrf) Dap's proceeDings.

The members assembled at half-past nine on Friday morn-
ing for a tour in brakes through the Norton and Bishop's
Lydeard district. The first halting place was

U3orton jFit^toarren Cfjurcb,

where the services of Mr. BUCKLE were, as usual, requisitioned.
He pointed out that the walls of the church were for the most
part very modern, and as to how far they were a reproduction
of the old work he could not tell. The chancel, at any rate,
seemed entirely modern, and all the windows were formed in
the new stone, but in all probability the windows were repro-
ductions of the old. The arcade supporting the nave from the

Norton Fitzwarrcn Church. 45

aisle was apparently original 13th century work, but it seemed
to have been considerably altered, and he should think it 'must
have been taken down and rebuilt, with the exception of! the
respond next the tower. A great feature of the church was
the tower. It had true grandeur of a simple character, but
with rather elaborate carving at a few points. The tower, so
to speak, wras a straggler, so close to Taunton ; in character it
resembled those to be found in West Somerset — at Minehead
and St. Decuman's, and! on the other side of the Quantocks.
They met several of them in their expeditions from Bridg-
water the previous year. Here, however, it seemed curious to
find a tower of this type mixed in with the much richer towers
with which the district abounds. Besides the two at Taunton,
others they were going to visit at Bishop's Lydeard and
Lydeard St. Lawrence, would prove to be fine specimens of
the more elaborate tower which they generally met with in the
middle of Somerset, so that that tower seemed in some degree
to be out of place. Almost the only decorative features were
the elaborate niche head on the south and the very large
gargoyles to be found on all sides and at different levels.
Another point of interest about the church was the screen.
The figures standing on the rood loft were modern, and some
of the mouldings on the top of the cornice, but except that, the
screen itself was all old, and in an uncommonly good state of
preservation. The cornice w7as a very remarkable one on
account of the curious variation in the carving. The upper
range of moulding (a grape vine of the ordinary character) was
on a very coarse scale, and seemed to be more suitable for the
roof. It was surprising to find it in its present position,
especially when they saw the delicate succession of mouldings
below, and it seemed to him a question whether that particular
moulding belonged to the screen at all. The grape vine below
was full of the most delicate wrork, and the grapes and leaves
were on a much smaller scale. They certainly could not have
been carved by the same people for the same purpose. The

46 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

moulding below that again was a very curious one. Right in
the centre they saw a plough, drawn by three pair of oxen and
driven by a man with a whip over his shoulder. After that
came some very curious figures, including a man with a bow,
which seemed to him to have got out of place. He thought
the carvings in that moulding had been taken down some time
or other and had not been put together properly. The man as
at present placed seemed to be shooting the oxen, and if they
looked further along they saw some hounds which appeared to
belong to the man with the bow. In addition to those things
mentioned there were two dragons, one swallowing a man.
Farther along still they came across the inscription "Raphe
Harris, C.W.," implying that he was churchwarden at the
time the screen was first erected. That was very interesting,
for although they were quite used to seeing churchwardens'
names on work carved out during the last two hundred years,
it was by no means so usual to find churchwardens putting
their names on work at the beginning of the 16th century.
At the extreme end there were two figures — probably intended
for women — one having hold of the other's hair, while in the
other hand each held a rod.

The Rector, the Rev. W. PROWSE HEWETT, read an
extract from the Church Times of 1886, with regard to the
screen, which was as follows : — " The screen at Norton is
little known. Forty years ago, the rich painting and gilding
were daubed over a light oak colour. It has suffered too in
other ways. When the church was defaced, at the time of
the restoration, it was entirely taken down, and only put back-
by the energy of the present rector, and then against the ad-
vice of most of the neighbouring clergy. It was pieced
together in an entirely different manner to the original in
order to fit the new chancel arch, and has, therefore, lost much
of its value. Its chief glory, however, is in a wonderful
series of animals carved on the lower side of the beam, repre-
senting the devastation of the country by a dragon or crocodile,

Cothelstone Manor House. 47

its chase and final overthrow by a man armed with a bow and
arrows. There is a most spirited piece of carving where the
beast swallows a man whole. The part representing the death
of the dragon was stolen from the church, but was rescued by
the rector from a curiosity shop in Taunton, and was replaced.
The carving referred to a legend of a dragon having devas-
tated the valley between Norton and Williton, finally meeting
its death at Norton. The date of the screen is about 1500,
and has on it the name of Raphe Harris, who was church-
warden at the time, and was buried at the west end of the
church 1509 A.D."

Cfje DID Roman ^Encampment

The company next adjourned to some fields at the rear of
the church which were formerly the site of an old Roman
encampment. Mr. BIDGOOD made a few remarks relative to
this, which he has since embodied in a paper (see Part II).

Cotfjetetone 9@anor &ouse.

This was the next stopping place, and the Rev. W.
ESDAILE gave a brief account of the Stawell family, who
were the original owners of the manor. Sir John Stawell was
the most distinguished member of the family, and he lived in
the time of Charles I, and raised three troops of cavalry and
one of infantry in support of the king's forces. He had a
skirmish with Blake's forces at Bishop's Lydeard, but was
lefeated, and returned to Cothelstone, and then the mansion
ras destroyed — at any rate the greater part of it — by Blake,
'he house was restored in 1855-6 by the speaker's grandfather,
ind it was generally admitted to have been carefully restored
accordance with the original. Mr. ESDAILE then read a long
jcount of Sir John Stawell's funeral, and mentioned that he
tad no less than fourteen sons and seven daughters.

48 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

Mr. BUCKLE followed with a description of the manor house,
which, he said, was a most remarkable building. The general
idea of the building was Tudor, as shown by its base course,
and string course, and wide mullioned windows, but, associated
with these features, were some of Renaissance character. The
mullions were treated as balusters, not only on the outside but
on the inside, each of which died against a square post into
which the glass was fitted. The buttresses were most extra-
ordinary. The small bases they stood upon were just like the
pedestals of classical columns. As they rose they were
diminished like classical columns, and on the top of the string-
course they were finished with pinnacles formed of ungainly
pieces of carving. Then there was a very quaint gate-house,
with distinctly classical arches, and some niches of very
classical type with scallop shell at head. Inside the gate-house
they found a couple of fine openings of the purest perpen-
dicular, and if they looked at the tablet bearing the coat-of-
arms over the doorway, they would see that the treatment of
the Heraldry was of Jacobean character, but was enclosed in
a very flat four-centred arch of quite a Tudor kind. It was a
very remarkable building, forming a sort of link between the
latest Tudor work and the Renaissance, but whether the whole
of the buildings were of that same date he could not say. On
one side there was a chimney of a very gothic character, and
it seemed to him as though the building must once have been
a thorough Tudor building.

Col. BRAMBLE pointed out that on one of the pinnacles of
the house was a cannon ball, and when the Society were there
last it was on the table.

Cotfjelstone

A visit was afterwards paid to the church at the rear of the
manor house, the principal interest in which Mr. BUCKLE ex-
plained consisted in the monuments of the Stawell family. Sir

Cothektone Church. 49

.John was buried on one side of the chancel and another
member of the family on the other, and there were two tombs
each with two figures on them in the side chapel. Really the
whole of the church was an Early English one, although it
had perpendicular windows inserted. The whole of the walls
of the nave and chancel, and the walls of the chapel were E. E.,
and there was a very plain E. E. arch leading into the tower.
It was an exceedingly simple church, the arch and the chancel
arch being about as plain as they could be. The tower had
one curious feature about it on the outside, and that was that
it had been raised in modern times in rather curious fashion.
Over by the old belfry the string course at the bottom of the
parapet remains with its gargoyles, but the parapet had been
taken off. Mr. Buckle also alluded to the carved bench ends,
on one or two of which, and on the pulpit, the Stawell arms
appeared.

Col. BRAMBLE afterwards described, in detail, the figures
on the tombs in the chapel.

The Rev. E. H. BATES sends the following additional notes
on C oth el stone :

"In the upper lights of the windows on the south side of the
church are some good figures of English saints : — 1, S. Thomas
of Hereford (Cantelupe) ; 2, S. Ealdhelm of Sherborne ; 3, S.
Cuthbert of Durham ; 4, S. Dunstan of Glastonbury (with
the tongs); 5, S. Thomas of Canterbury; 6, S. Richard of
Chichester (de la Wych)."

The Rev. W. GRESWELL has kindly sent the following
notes on Cothelston :

I derive Cothelston from Cotele ton, the ton or town of
Cotele, a name well known in Somerset in early records, and in
Cornwall. It has nothing to do with a " stone." Cotele is
Welsh or Keltic, not Saxon or Norman. There is CWefc-asch
on Mendip.

Cothelston, a capclla dependent, i.e., chapel dependent on
Kingston. Together with Kingston, it was probably an early

Vol. XLI V (Third Series, Vol. I V), Part I. o

50 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

endowment to the Priory and Convent of Taunton. It was
William Giffard, Bishop of Winchester ^1127), who gave
Kingston to Taunton Priory. Ecclcsiam de Kingestona cum
capellis ct pertinentiis suis.

The dividing line between Cothelston and Kingston is a clearly
marked fence running down from the ridge of Quantock. Part
of Cothelston is on Quantock. Merridge Hill is, I believe, in
Cothelston, but the Spaxton parishioners have common rights
on Merridge Hill. Merridge is an outlying member of Spaxton.

In Collinson (1790) Tirhill House appears as possession of
Thomas Slocomb. " Tirhill, with a park ascending almost to
the top of Quantock Hill." In Greenwood's Somersetshire
Delineated, 1821 : " Cothelston House, which till lately has
been designated Tirhill House, is now the residence of Edward
Jeffries Esdaile."

In Queen Elizabeth's time there is this notice : " Sir John
Stawell, knt., hath one grounde inclosed for deere at Cothelston
of one myle compas and keapeth twoo mares according to the
statute." (See Green's Somerset and the Armada, p. 48.)

St. Agnes Well, with an ancient stone canopy, near the
road. In the adjoining field " a nunnery " is said to have
existed, and the site is pointed out by old men. I can find
nothing else to corroborate the idea of a " nunnery," but the
Prior and Convent of Taunton may have had a small lodging
or cell here.

The walnut tree has been mentioned before in Proceedings of
Som. Arch. Society. It was blown down in 1896. In Jeboult's
History of West Somerset, it is said : " On this manor a strange
old custom prevails. Certain tenements are held by payment
of so many bushels of rye. The tenants are called Rye Renters"

In a note on Durandus I see the following remark about the
" glory " or " nimbus " round the head of a saint on one of the
church windows : — " The nearest contemporary effigy of a
saint which we have observed in stained glass is that of S.
Thomas of Hereford, in the church of Cothelston, Somerset-

Cothelstonc Church. 51

shire. Here the i glory ' is, as usual, of a circular shape."

Sometimes the nimbus was four-square, representing the four
cardinal virtues. Why S. Thomas of Hereford should appear
here I do not know.

Manor House. This is very interesting, as the home of the
Sta wells. A Sir John Stawell figures in the Elizabethan days
as one of the most active men in the county in opposing the
" Armada," and a Sir John Stawell also figures afterwards as
a staunch Royalist. He suffered much at the hands of the
Parliamentarians. His fine woods were cut down and sold.

The Stawells (see Collins's Peerage, vol. viii) were said to
have been of Norman extraction. They first took their name
from Stawel, in the parish of Murlinch in the county of
Somerset. They lived at Cothelston in the 13th century.

The " line " ended in Mary, only daughter of Edward, 4th
Lord Stawel, who married, September 3, 1750, the Right Hon.
Henry Bilson Legge, fourth son of William, first Earl of
Dartmouth.

I find in an old parish rate book that the Stawells are rated
for Cothelston Farm in 1789, apparently the last time. Curi-
ously enough, a John Gibbs is rated for Cothelston Farm in
1781 and 1785.

After this the property is rated to Edward Jeffreys, and so
to the Esdailes.

In 1786, we gather from Savage's History of Taunton,
p. 273, that " John Hammet, James Esdaile Hammet and
Edward Jeffries Esdaile, Esquires, had a grant of the office of
bailiff of the bailiwick of Taunton and Taunton Deane, and of
sealers of weights and measures within the castle, borough, and
lordship of Taunton."

John Hammet and James Esdaile Hammet are described as
sons of Benjamin Hammet, alderman of the City of London ;
Edward Jeffries Esdaile, son of William Esdaile, of the said
City of London, banker.

(See also Diet. Nat. Biography, under Esdaile.)

52 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

T6i0f)op'0

A move was next made to Bishop's Lydeard church, which
proved to be of unusual interest. Mr. BUCKLE was again
called upon to point out its leading features. The church, he
said, contained many features of great interest. The inside
was noted for the great quantity and variety of the carvings
to be found there, but, perhaps, the most interesting thing
about the whole church was the tower. It must be regarded
as quite one of the most successful in the whole of the county.
It was not only exceedingly successful as it stood, but it was
rather remarkable in this county because it was a tower which
had never been altered since it was first designed. In by far
the majority of our towers of the first class a very much
richer, though perhaps heavier parapet and set of pinnacles
had been added, but this church retained the original parapet
and pinnacles. The original design remained perfect from the
base to the topmost pinnacle. It was very nearly identical
with St. James's, Taunton, but there were some points of
difference. This tower, for instance, was rather straighter —
the buttresses were not so much inclined, and the working out
of the detail was distinctly superior to that at St. James's.
The author of this tower knew exactly from the time he
started what he was going to do. In St. James's tower the
designer got into difficulties at the belfry storey — he had not
put the base of two buttresses quite in the right place, but he
got over his error in a most ingenious way and built a
beautiful tower. This was a case where at each corner of the
tower there was a great group of buttresses, but what made the
principal show were the two buttresses at right angles at each
corner. They were carried up to the belfry storey, and oppo-
site the belfry windows they finished in pinnacles which were
set diagonally to the buttresses on which they stood, and these
pinnacles were connected with the belfry wall by a thin wall
of stone to prevent daylight appearing between the tower and

BISHOP'S LYDEARD TOWER, FROM SOUTH-EAST

Bishop's Lydcard Church. 53

pinnacle, but at the top they were nearly detached. That pair
of buttresses did not lean against the tower, but against a
buttress of four faces, which at the belfry storey changed into
a plain square buttress set diagonally to the tower. This
diagonal buttress was carried up through the tower and
became the base of the pinnacle. That complicated, but per-
fectly fitting arrangement of buttresses, proved that the
designer worked out every detail of the tower before he com-
menced building. Cheddar church had another absolutely
perfect tower, but in by far the majority of instances the
architect got into difficulties before they were finished. This
tower was beautifully designed from base to top.

A brief discussion followed between Mr. BUCKLE and Mr.
C. H. Fox, of Wellington, as to where the money came from
for the building of these churches, after which the Vicar, the
Kev. W. F. EUSTACE, inquired what date Mr. Buckle
assigned to the tower, and he replied that it would not be later
than about 1470.

Mr. BUCKLE then pointed out one or two features of in-
terest to be found in the churchyard. At the lower end of the
churchyard, he said, stood a churchyard cross with a good
deal of carving about it, but the actual cross was modern. On
the lower half of the shaft and the steps, and on the base of
the shaft, were the figures of the twelve Apostles and other
carved figures, which it was difficult to make out the meaning
of. A little further to the right were fragments of another
cross, the market cross, which about forty years ago was
brought in from the road. The most interesting feature of the
latter was the head of the cross, which had been replaced.
Only the front was visible, and there were to be found, as
usual, figures of the Virgin and Child, and other figures so
dilapidated that nothing could be made of them.

The party then moved into the church, where Mr. BUCKLE
was once more called upon. He explained that in the inside
of that church they had work of two different dates of the Per-

54 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

pendicular period. The two arcades on the two sides of the
nave were entirely different. One was a very low one, and the
other was rather lofty. The low arcade represented the earlier
stage of the building, when the aisles were narrower than they
were at present, and the whole height of the church was con-
siderably less. The chancel was a curious shape, the eastern
part being a good deal narrower than the western. The chan-
cel arch had been enlarged, and at the same time one bay of the
chancel had been widened in a very ingenious way. The prob-
ability was that the old church had a north aisle, and the people
who built the loftier southern arcade intended, in course of
time, to have gone on and put a similar arcade on the other
side. The aisle on the south side appeared to be contem-
poraneous with the tower. The north aisle was entirely new.
The original aisle was narrower and lower, and did not extend
further east than the chancel arch, and that explained how it
was the screen extended over one aisle and the nave, and not
over the other. This screen was another excellent example,
similar on the whole to that at Norton, but with a good deal
of difference in the detail of decoration. The paint was entirely
modern, but the various mouldings were original, and there
was nothing so characteristic as that at Norton. One of them
contained the whole creed, and the two mouldings below that
were very delicate. There was also a large collection of bench
ends of rather an unusual character. The quaintest were near
the west end. There was one picture of coursing, and another
of a deer. Then they had the Pelican in Piety, which they
knew was the badge of Richard Fox ( Bishop of Bath and
Wells, 1492-1494), which seemed to indicate the probability of
their being done in his time. Then they had a coat of arms,
with the fleur-de-lys or, and a curious picture of a windmill,
with a packhorse below, and the miller himself, and next to
that a ship. A good deal of question arises about them.
Some asserted that the windmill marked the miller's pew,
and that the ship was a captain's, and that they paid for them ;

Bishop's Lydcard Church. 55

but a more likely thing, to his mind, was that the carpenter-
got tired of foliage, and took to depicting the everyday life of
the village. There was a very pretty Jacobean pulpit, and
other things of great interest in the church.

The members next proceeded to the " Lethbridge Arms "
Hotel, Bishop's Lydeard, where lunch was served. In the
absence of the President, Mr. E. J. Stanley, M.P. (who had
left the party at Cothelstone, in order to drive home to Quan-
tock Lodge), Mr. Cely-Trevilian presided, and after luncheon
the following votes of thanks were passed :

Col. BRAMBLE proposed, and Mr. C. H. Fox seconded :

" That the best thanks of this Society be given to the
President, E. J. Stanley, Esq., M.P., for the admirable way
in which he has conducted the duties of the office upon such
an important epoch in the existence of the Society."

" That the best thanks of the Society be given to the Wor-
shipful the Mayor of Taunton for the kindness and hospitality
which he has extended to the Society and for the great
trouble which he has taken in the arrangements generally to
which to so great an extent the success of the meeting is due."

" Also to the Local Committee, which, under the Presidency
of his Worship the Mayor, has so admirably arranged the
details of the meeting (coupled with the names of the Local
Secretary, Mr. Samson, F.R.I.B.A., Mr. Barnicott, Mr. Tite,
and Mr. Hammett)."

" To the Worshipful the Mayor and Town Clerk of Exeter,
to the Rev. Canon Edmonds, B.D., and to Mr. W. H. Hamilton
Rogers, F.S.A., to whom in their various ways the success of
our excursion to Exeter is to be attributed."

" Also to those who have so kindly extended their hospitality
to the Society : Major and Mrs. Barrett, Major and Mrs.
Chisholm Batten, and Mr. and Mrs. Batchelor, not forgetting
the Mayor of Taunton."

" Also to the Clergy of the different parishes who have per-
mitted us to visit their churches and have in many cases put

56 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

themselves to considerable inconvenience to attend personally
and assist us with valuable information (coupled with the name
of Prebendary Askwith, who has given us the pleasure of his
company and the benefit of his assistance throughout the
meeting)."

" To the owners and occupiers of houses who have allowed
us to visit them on the occasion. (The Hon. H. P. Gore-
Langton and Mr. Hembrow, Mr. C. E. J. Esdaile and
Mr. C. Hancock, and Mr. Batchelor. Also to Mr. Wilfred
Marshall for permitting us to pass through his private roads)."

" To Mr. Edmund Buckle for his able explanations of the
numerous objects of architectural interest visited by the
Society."

" To the District Superintendent at Exeter (Mr. Campfield)
and the Station Master of Taunton (Mr. Lailey) for the
excellent arrangements made for the convenience of the
members."

Mr. TREVILIAX, who presided, supported the resolution,
and included in it the names of the Joint Hon. Sees. : Col.
Bramble and Kev. F. W. Weaver.

. Hatorence

After luncheon the journey was resumed to Lydeard St.
Lawrence, where the visitors were received at the church by
the Kev. F. L. Hughes, vicar. Mr. BUCKLE said that the
tower of the church was of a different character generally,
from that at Bishop's Lydeard. This was a very plain, simple
tower, but it had an uncommonly good outline, and was ex-
ceedingly effective from every point of view. Here they ha -I
the same general principle as at Bishop's Lydeard, although
without any of the elaboration, the buttresses and the rest of
the tower being very plain. The west window was a small
one, and there was no west door. The windows in the belfry
were of sandstone, as was most of the other detail of the

Lydcard St. Lawrence. 57

church. All those hills around them produced stone which
could be worked up effectively as they saw. The Ham Hill
stone used in the church was almost all modern, as this place
was some distance from those quarries. The bulk of the church
was of the 14th century — the nave, the chancel, the windows
therein, and the walls being all of that period. The chancel
had never been altered since that date, it was practically un-
touched, and had the small east window which was used at
that time. The chancel arch was of a simple character, its
most interesting feature was that where it sprang out from the
wall it had no shafts to support it all. That arrangement was
met with late in the Perpendicular period, because then the
great screens were common, and it was felt to be a waste of
good work to put elaborate piers under the chancel arch, where
they would never be seen. The chancel contained a great deal
of pretty work. There was a curious sedilia and piscina, but
they did not seem to harmonise one with another. They
would notice what a fine nave the church had. The aisle was
a later addition, probably in the 15th century. The pillars
which separated the aisle from the nave, and the capitals were
of the same period. The idea of having the capital continuous
all the way round the pillar was rather characteristic of Devon-
shire. In the West of Somerset this treatment was often to
be found. The first capital at the west end represented a fox
and goose ; the second had four angels carved round it ; the
third was comparatively common-place, having just a piece of
foliage round it. But the fourth was decidedly curious, having
a piece of interlaced pattern work all round. That was not an
arrangement which a workman of the 15th century would be
likely to think of at all, and the only suggestion he could make

Lwas that this bit of design was copied by a country workman
from an ancient bit of Saxon carving, which, perhaps, came
out of an older church. The last capital was for the most
part broken away. The windows of the nave, with the excep-
tion of one, were probably of the same date as the arcade.
Vol. XLl V (Third Series, Vol. IV), Part I. H

58 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

The three windows on the south side were built as it were in
perspective — large, middle-sized, small — and the effect of these
three windows, when looking down the nave from the chancel,
was to make the nave look longer than it really was. On the
other hand, standing at the west end the nave looks distinctly
shorter, because the eye instinctively assumes a row of
windows to be all of about the same size. It might be that
the people who put in the big windoAv had intended to bring
the chancel in effect more down into the church. There were,
unquestionably, cases where buildings had been deliberately
designed with that effect in view. But, on the other hand, it
might be a mere accident. The screen was interesting, as
there was no vaulting on the face of it towards the nave. The
tradition was that the screen was never finished, and its
appearance supported the belief. It was very late, and was
perhaps the " enterclose " building in 1532 (See Wells Wills).
The bench ends were pretty, but there was nothing very
characteristic about them. The pulpit was of Jacobean work,
arid it looked as if it had been made up very much. There
was a curious " squint " looking into the chancel, with an iron
bar in the centre, intended, no doubt, as a support to the wall
over it.

Comfie

The last place visited was the pretty little village of Combe
Florey. It will be remembered that the witty Sydney Smith,
from 1829 until his death, February 22nd, 1845, was rector of
this parish. Before visiting the church, the party were kindly
entertained to tea by Mr. and Mrs. Batchelor. A move was
afterwards made to the church. Mr. BUCKLE said that the
south wall of the nave dated from the 13th century, but
the only features of that date still remaining were the
doorway and the turret. The aisle seemed to have been
taken down and rebuilt sometime in the last century, but

Combe Floret/. 59

with Early English arches inserted over the windows. There
were so many of these arches as to indicate that there were
several windows in the Early English church which stood
there, but except for certain remnants there was nothing left
of an earlier period than the Perpendicular time. The arcade
there had got the angel capitals as at Lydeard St. Lawrence,
but the rest of the Perpendicular work was of a very simple
character. The windows there had the ordinary tracery which
was found in most of the Somerset churches. The chancel
was entirely modern, but in one of the windows there were
two little fragments of loth century stained glass. The stone
used in the church was a kind of local sand stone, of a dark
red colour, which could be seen in the arcades. The mullions
and tracery of the windows were all of that red sandstone, and
there was hardly any of the Ham Hill stone imported there.
The bench ends were more elaborate than any they had seen
during these excursions. There was formerly a screen there,
and the few fragments left of it had been worked up into
the present reading desk and pulpit. In the wall of the
north aisle was a small stone slab with the following in-
scription, in 13th century character, to one of the nuns of
Cannington, whose heart was there immured ; — Le Qucr :
Dame : Maud de : Merriete : nonayne : de : Cannyntune."
(See Proceedings, vol. xi, pt. ii, 11).

There seemed to have been a special fancy among the
monastic orders for being buried in two different places in the
belief that they got the benefit of the prayers in both places of
worship. Thus the heart was buried in one place and the
body in another. The tower of the church was a very pretty
one of red sandstone. The building altogether stood in a
very pretty situation.

Lieut.-Col. BRAMBLE made a few remarks as to some
recumbent effigies, which were not of a earlier date than 1270
and not later than 1285. The figures were in complete chain
armour.

60 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

The Gate House was afterwards inspected, and this con-
cluded the excursion. The homeward journey was then made,
Taunton being reached about 7.30. This was the last of the
excursions, which throughout had been of a most successful
and enjoyable character, and the weather each day was all
that could have been desired.

local

Ax interesting loan exhibition of local objects was formed
in the Castle Hall, and consisted largely of paintings, prints,
drawings, etc., of old Taunton, portraits of Somerset Worthies,
old election addresses and squibs ; play bills of the old,
Taunton theatre (including some of the great Kean's). Among
the Taunton election addresses was that of Benjamin Disraeli,
who, " young and alone, is engaged in a not inglorious
struggle Avith the most powerful person in Europe who
does not wear a crown," this being Daniel O'Connell, who
on this occasion described the future Prime Minister of
England as the heir-at-law of the impenitent thief who reviled
the Great Founder of the Christian religion.

Mr. Barnicott. — Frame of ancient stained glass from the east
window (removed in the restoration of 1843) of St. Mary's
Church, Taunton. Two water-colour drawings of old St.
.lames' Vicarage, Taunton. Sixty-three engraved portraits.
Ten prints of Taunton, and six printed sheets of election ad-
dresses, etc. Parchment document, Union Club, Taunton,
1755 ; Taunton Assembly, 1749, rules and book of accounts.

Miss Woodfordc. — Miniature portrait of Elizabeth Broad-
mead, buried at Wilton, 1784, aged 115. She walked in pro-
cession before the Duke of Monmouth on his entering Taunton.
Portrait taken 25th March, 1781, by P. Foy. Crayon portrait
of Thomas Woodforde, of Taunton, apothecary and banker.
Pencil drawing of the Market House, etc., Taunton, by Ed.
Turle, 1829. Bible given by Bishop Ken to Samuel Wood-
forde, of Castle Cary, "the gift of my worthy friend Thomas
Ken, Jan. 3, 1669."

Mr. C. Titc. — Several water-colour sketches of places in
Taunton since destroyed or altered — " White Hart Inn,"

62 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

"Four Alls Inn Yard," "Crown and Sceptre Inn," "Castle
Yard," " Old Grammar School," houses in Bridge Street and
St. James' Street. Portrait of Dr. Cottle, formerly vicar of St.
Mary Magdalene, Taunton. Engraved portraits of Samuel
Daniel and Miss Graddon, . and several caricature sketches.
Sheet of local architectural subjects.

Rev. J. Worthington. — Portraits of Dr. Toulmin (historian
of Taunton), Rev. Roger Montgomery, Rev. W. A. Jones,
and Dr. Malachi Blake ; and some old views of the corner of
Mary Street.

Mr. J. H. Spencer. — Daguerreotype of St. Mary's old tower,
1842. Pen-and-ink sketch of St. James' old tower, 1866.
Comparative elevations of the towers of Taunton St. Mary,
Taunton St. James, Bishop Lydeard, Kingston, and Staple
Fitzpaine. Drawing of Wilton Church, showing the old
tower, 1844. View of interior of St. Mary Magdalene Church,
1829, and some other local views.

Mr. Hugh Norris. — Portrait of Henry Norris, of Taunton,
born May, 1752, died 1823. Carved ivory knife-handle, found
on the site of Taunton Priory, representing Justice, Hope, and
Charity (see vol. ix, Somerset Proceedings).

Dr. Alford. — Six water-colour sketches of Taunton — North
Street ; Fore Street ; Old Tone Bridge ; Alms Houses, St.
James' Street ; Leper Hospital, East Reach ; and view of
Taunton from the Priory fields.

Rev. D. P. Alford.— The old College School, Taunton, by
Jeffries. Painting of the old bridge.

Mr. Franklin. — Five views of old Taunton, by "C.C." circa
1790, coloured aquatints — Castle Green, showing the ruined
eastern gate ; view from Priory ; Hammet Street ; Tone
Bridge before the central arch was built; Taunton Castle;
and a view of the Market House, by E. Turle.

Mr. T. G. Crump. — Four water-colour sketches — Whipping
Post and Stocks, West Monkton ; Leper Hospital, East
Reach ; Rams-horn Bridge ; Trowel and Pipe found embedded

The Local Museum. 63

in the walls of old St. Mary's tower when pulled down, 1858.

Mr. Maynard. — Two water-colour sketches, by Haseler, of
the north front of the Castle Hall, Taunton.

Mr. W. J. Trenchard. — Portrait of Sir John Trenchard, of
Blox worth, Dorset, supported the Duke of Monmouth, escaped
to Holland, and afterwards returned to England with William
of Orange. M.P. for Taunton, 1678 and 1681. Portrait of
John Trenchard, M.P. for Taunton, 1722.

Mrs. Kinglake. — Large oil portrait of Sir Benjamin Ham-
met, M.P. for Taunton, builder of Hammet Street, and
" restorer " of the Castle.

Rev. E. L. Penny, D.D., R.N.— Portrait of Joanna South-
cott, the enthusiast (presented to the Museum).

Mrs. Rowland. — Four views of Taunton, of the same series
as Mr. Franklin's, above.

Mr. Bidgood.— Taunton Theatre Play-bills, 1800 to 1830.
Election addresses and " squibs." Portraits and views.

Mr. H. W. Smith. — Plans and elevations of the old alms-
houses in St. James' Street, recently pulled down.

Other views of old Taunton, and portraits, were lent by Mr.
Skinner, Mr. Crockett, Mr. Frier, Mr. Stansell, Mr. Mulford,
and Mr. W. J. Hammet.

Miss Kate May. — Portrait of Frederick May, one of the
founders of the Society.

Mr. Duder.— Election addresses — Benjamin Disraeli, 1835 ;
General Peachey and Mr. Seymour, 1825 ; Mr. Baring, 1806.

Mr. Spranklin. — Plans, elevations, and details of rood-
screen, pulpit, and bench ends, Trull Church.

Mr. Shcppard, Steward of the Manor of Taunton Deane. —
Court Roll, Cardinal Beaufort, 17 Henry VI, and another of
Bishop Montague, 16 James I, 1618 ; book of accounts and
presentments, 1582 ; and various MS. and printed documents
relating to Taunton fairs, Court Leet, inventories of estates,
etc., from the Exchequer, Taunton Castle.

Mr. Richard Easton. — Locke's Survey of Somerset, folio

64 FiftictJi Ann it'll Meeting.

MS. Summonses to Parliament, Henry III to Ed warl IV.
List of the Non-jurors.

Mr. E. jE. Baker. — A large and most interesting collection
of tracts relating to Somerset, among which were the following
concerning Taunton : — Auction Catalogue of English Books,
at the "Lamb Coffee House in Taunton," 1710; "Chard
and Taunton Assize Sermons," 1623; "A narrative of the
Expedition to Taunton, the Raising of the Siege," 1645 ;
" Proceedings of the Army under Sir Thomas Fairfax,
concerning the Club-men and Relief of Taunton," 1645;
"Dying Speeches, Letters, etc., of those Protestants who
suffered under the cruel sentence of Lord Chief Justice
Jefferies," 1689 ; "An account of the Proceedings against the
Rebels, tried before the Lord Chief Justice Jefferies," 1685,
printed in 1716 ; " Trial for Bread Riots at Taunton Assizes, "
1801; "Manual for the Electors of Taunton," 1826;
"The Standert and Liddon Controversy, Taunton," 1816;
" Shillibeer's Address on the Land Tax Rate, Taunton, 1823 " ;
"Bowditch and Norman Enquiry, Taunton" 1812 ; "Judgment
in the case of the King against Bowditch, Taunton," 1819.

Mr. Esdaile. — Bronze torque, found at Cothelstone. Four
pieces of ornamental plaster work from the old house at
Cothelstone ; and water-colour drawing of St. Mary Magda-
lene's Church, Taunton.

Col. Helyar. — Elaborately carved old door.

Miss Fremlin. — Fellow door to the above.
(See "Notes," on page 65).

Mr. Walter Norman,— Taunton election plate, " Sir John
Pole 1754."

Mrs. Porter. — Model, in leather, of the tower of St. flames'
Church, Taunton, by Wm. Weston, about 1854.

Mr. E. W. Stevens. — Sections and specimens of a deep well
boring at Highbridge.

Mr. Whyte Holdich. — Oil sketches of ancient British Burial
on Exmoor ; and views in the neighbourhood.

OLD DOOR
SUPPOSED TO BE FROM TAUNTON PRIORY.

In the possession of Col. Helyar.

OLD DOOR
SUPPOSED TO BE FROM TAUNTON PRIORY.

In the possession of Miss Premlin.

on ttoo oin CattieD Doors erbiftiteD in
tbe Local e©useum.

BY AV. BIDGOOD.

HESE two handsomely carved doors at present in the
possession of different owners, were, no doubt, originally

pair : and at a glance anyone would perceive that they must
lave belonged to some ecclesiastical establishment, while
the style of ornament would fix their date as the early half of

ie sixteenth century. The carpentry work is peculiar and
elaborate in construction, the bracing in the lower parts being
inusual. Two mullions and a middle rail divide each door
into six panels, of which the upper three occupy about one
third of the whole height. The three panels at the top of
each door contain figures, while the lower panels are entirely
filled in with the linen pattern. Placed over the styles and
mullions are elaborately carved pilasters, having moulded
bases, and terminations resembling the tops of buttresses with
crocketted finials. These pilasters are covered with carved
ornament different in each one, arranged in strings, not quite
perpendicular, but slightly twisted in opposite directions. The
first pilaster has strings of something resembling heraldic
ermine spots, the next overlapping leaves, then rows of folded
ribbon with beads between, and the last on this door has roses.
lu the second door, strings of beads, lozenges, folded ribbon,
and fleurs-de-lis : the pilasters in the lower parts are mostly
ornamented with beads. The braces in the lower parts of the

Vol. X LI V( Third Series, Vol. IV), Parti.

66 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

doors are covered with the guilloche pattern, and the panels
carved with various forms of folded linen.

A careful study of the figures will show to what particular
religious house these doors originally belonged, and also ap-
proximately the date of their construction. The features
and symbols have been mostly defaced, but sufficient remains
to show that the central panel of each door contains the figure
of a saint with nimbus and label behind the head, and the two
side panels angels bearing shields. The saint depicted on the
first door is St. Peter, and on the second St. Paul. The shields
borne by the angels on the first door are almost obliterated,
but on the left-hand one the outline of a cross is traceable,
with a rose (between two other objects chopped away) in chief,
and a bordure engrailed. On the right-hand shield the arms
of the See of Winchester can be traced ; but the print does
not show it so clear as on the door itself. With the second
door we are more fortunate as regard the charges on the
shields, that on the left shows a pelican in piety, surmounted
by a mitre with strings jewelled and tasselled. The shield on
the left bears a crozier between the initials W Y, interlaced
with a tasselled cord.

This shows us that the doors came from an establishment
dedicated to SS. Peter and Paul (Taunton Priory was so
dedicated) ; while the shields will prove conclusively that it
was to this House that the doors originally belonged. As
before stated the arms on the first door are very much defaced.
What we should naturally look for would be the arms of the
Priory, but these so far as we are aware have never been
recovered ; what remains on the first shield may be thus de-
scribed— ( ) A cross (or On a cross) ( ) in chief a rose
between two . . . ( ) within a bordure engrailed ( ).* The arms

* Bishop Langton's arms on the gateway of Taunton Castle are On a cross
party per cross five roses, but no engrailed border. Burke gives Yorke, of
Devonshire, as A fesse nebulee between three crescents, inter the horns of each a
fleur-de-lis, all within a bordure engrailed. It will be seen, however, that
neither of these coats correspond to the one on the door.

Notes on tiro old Carved Doors^ 67

of Winchester on the second shield shows the connection of
Taunton with that See, the bishops having been successively
Lords of the manor of Taunton Deane, and it will be remem-
bered that Taunton Priorj was founded by a former bishop.

With the second door we are left in no doubt as to the
bearings on the shields. The pelican shows us that it was
Richard Fox who was Bishop of Winchester and Lord of
Taunton Deane at the time. His arms occur on the Grammar
School which he founded within the precincts of his Castle of
Taunton, 1522. Fox was Bishop of Exeter 1486-7, translated
to Bath and Wells 1491-2, Durham 1494, Winchester 1500,
and died 1528, so that as far as Bishop Fox is concerned it
would have been between 1500 and 1528 that these doors were
made ; but the last shield enables us to fix the date with greater
certainty. The initials W Y are doubtless intended for William
Yorke, who was nominated Prior on the 19th November, 1523,
and it was, no doubt, between that date and the death of Bishop
Fox, 1528, that the doors in question were constructed. The
appearance of the pastoral staff, interlaced with the initials is
also interesting, as it was only about twenty years before
William Yorke's time that the privilege of using the pastoral
staff, among other coveted honours, had been conferred upon
the House in the Priorship of John Prowse. Thus, then, we
have on the first door St. Peter between the arms of Taunton
Priory (?) and the See of Winchester ; and on the second, St.
Paul between the arms of Bishop Fox, and the monogram of
Prior William Yorke.

Looking at the elaborate workmanship lavished on these
interesting old doors one is tempted to believe that they are
not the work of an ordinary day labourer, but the handicraft
of one of the inmates of the House, who bestowed the un-
limited time at his disposal in the execution of a labour of love.

3t)Ditions to tfje §>ocietp's 9|u0eum anfl Library

During the Year 1898.

THE MUSEUM.

Collotype prints of Montacute House (two views) ; Lytes
Gary, Barrington, Montacute Priory, and Brimpton d'Evercy
(two views). — From Mr. PHELIPS.

Section of White Thorn Tree.

Small Earthen Vase containing documents found in the roof
of the old Grammar School (now the Municipal Offices),
Taunton, when the ceiling was removed in 1897. — Deposited
by the TOWN COUNCIL.

Cast of a Stone in the porch of Holcombe Church. — From
the Rev. ETHELBERT HORXE.

Plans of the Bell-chamber and Chime-chamber of the Tower
of St. Mary's Church, Taunton. — From Mr. J. T. IRVINE.

Portrait of Joanna Southcott, engraved by Sharp, framed.
-From the Rev. E. L. PENNY, D.D., R.N.

Portrait of Mr. E. A. Sanford, a past President of the
Society, framed. — From Mr. C. TITE.

Crossbill, killed at Charlinch, September, 1898. — From the
Rev. W. A. BELL.

Jubilee Medal, George 111.— From Mr. H. B. INMAN.

Five Old Keys. — From Mr. THOMAS R. GREG.

Model in leather of the Tower of St. Mary's Church, Taun-
ton, made by Wm. Weston, 1854. — From MAJOR WINTER.

Old Bench-end from Wotton Courtney (?) — From Mr.
STANSELL.

Panel from the old Grammar School, Taunton, carved with
the linen pattern. — From Mr. W. H. SMITH.

Additions to the Library. 69

Three old Bottles, " J. Bicknell, Bradford," « R. Bricknel,
1768." — From Mr. S. LAWRENCE.

Bronze Celt. — (Purchased).

Powder Horn, early 19th Century. — From Mr. WILLIAM
ADAMS.

THE LIBRARY.

List of Par is] L Registers and other Genealogical Works, edited
by Fredk. A. Crisp. — From the Editor.

Leicester Literary and Philosophical Society, vol. iv, pts. 10,
11, 12; vol. v, pts. 1, 2.

The Retreat and other Poems ; Catalogue of Books in the
Tavistock Library. — From the Rev. D. P. ALFOIJD.

On Terrestrial Saurians from the Rh&tic oj Wedmorc Hill. —
From Professor SEELEY.

Library Catalogue of the Surveyors' Institute. — From Mr.
H. S. THOMPSON.

Calendar of Patent Rolls, Edw. IV, 1461—1467 ; Richard
II, 1381— 1385.— From the Deputy Keeper of the Public
Records, in exchange.

Daily Weather Reports for 1897—1898 ; Report of the
British Association, 1897. — From Dr. PRIOR.

Particulars of Sale of the Nunney Castle, and Langford
Estates. — From Mr. WAIN WRIGHT.

Reports on the Water Rights and Supply of Chard Borough.
—From Mr. GILLIXGHAM.

Three Manuscripts relating to the Tithes of Bridgwater,
15,38 ; Accounts of the Water Bailiff of Bridgwater, 1550 ;
Act for building a new Bridge over the River Parret at Bridg-
water ; Plan and designs of New Bridge ; Articles of Agree-
ment between the Coalbrookdale Iron Company, and the Cor-
poration of Bridgwater, and sundry letters from the Company
relating thereto, 1794-5; Turnpike Acts relating to Bridgwater,
1758, 1779 ; Turnpike Act, Minehead and West Somerset,
1765 ; Act for allotting certain Commons, called Chilton

70 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

Common, &c.., 1798 ; Act for erecting a Market House, £c.,
at Bridgwater, 1779 ; a Bill for enlarging the Market House,
Paving, Lighting, &c., the Streets of Bridgwater, 1820 ; an
Act for Taxing Papists, 1723 ; an Act for the better regula-
tion of Attorneys and Solicitors, 1729 ; an Act for Naturalis-
ing Princess Sophia; several Acts on Excise Duties, on Coal,
Cyder, £c., 1705; better security of Her Majesty's Person,
1705; Recruiting, 1705; Mutiny and Desertion, 1705; and
others of a general public nature. — From the Rev. J. A.
WELSH COLLINS.

Yorkshire Philosophical Society. Report for 1897.

Somerset Media val Libraries. — From the author, Mr. T.
W. WILLIAMS.

Report of the Bureau of Agriculture, Montana.

Notes on the Romano- British Settlement of Chigwell, Essex. —
From the author Mr. J. CHALKLEY-GOULD.

On a late Celtic Bronze Collar, from Wraxall, Somerset. —
From Mr. A. C. PASS.

Norton-sub- Hamdon. — -From the author Mr. C. TRASK.

Wincanton Field Club, Eighth and Ninth Annual Reports. —
From Mr. SWEETMAN.

Wy 'difs Latin Works : De Logica, vol. iii. — From Mr.
STANDERWICK.

Journal of the Oxford Brass Rubbing Society, Nos. 1, 2, 3.

Records of the Raivle Family. — From the author Mr. E. J.
RAWLE.

Archaologia, vols. 1, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23,
28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36 (ii), 37 (i), 37 (ii), 38, 39, 40, 41,
42, 43, 44, 45.— From Lt.-Col. BRAMBLE.

Revista do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, vol. i.

Ceylon Handbook and Directory, 1894. — From Mr. KNIGHT.

Royal Societies Club, Rules and Members. — From the
SECRETARY.

British Record Society. Bristol Wills, 1572 to 1792; and
Wills in the Great Orphan Books, 1379 to 1674.

Wedmore Chronicle, vol. ii, no. 6.

Additions to the Library. 71

Famous Houses oj Bath and their Occupants. — From the
author, Mr. J. F. MEEHAN.

Castle Cary Visitor ', January to December, 1898, 12 nos.—
From Mr. MACMILLAN.

Instincts and Habits of the Solitary Wasps ; Forestry Con-
ditions of Northern Wisconsin. — From the Wisconsin Geo-
logical and Natural History Survey.

Received from Societies in Correspondence for the Exchange of

Publications.

Royal Archaeological Institute — Archaeological Journal, nos.
216,217,218,219.

British Archaeological Association — Journal, new series, vol.
iii, pts. 3, 4 ; vol. iv, pts. 1, 2, 3.

British Association — Report :, 1897.

Society of Antiquaries of Scotland — Proceedings, vol. xxxi.

Royal Irish Academy — Transactions, vol. xxxi, pts. 1 — 6 ;
Proceedings, vol. iv, nos. 4, 5 ; vol. v, no. 1 ; List of Members. '

Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland — Journal, vol. vii,
pts. 3, 4 ; vol. viii, pts. 1, 2, 3, 4.

Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and Natural History — Pro-
ceedings, vol. ix, pt. 3 ; vol. x, pt. 1.

Associated Societies — -Reports and Papers, vol. xxiii, pt. 2 ;
vol. xxiv, pt. 1.

Sussex Archaeological Society — Collections, vol. xli.

Surrey Archaeological Society — Collections, vol. xiv, pt. I.

Lancashire and Cheshire Historic Society — vol. xii.

Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society — Maga-
zine, nos. 88, 89, 90 ; Abstract of Wiltshire Liquisitiones Post
Mortem, Charles /, pts. 5, 6 ; Catalogue of Drawings, Prints,
and Maps in the Library at Devizes.

London and Middlesex Archaeological Society — Transactions,
vol. i, pt. 2.

Plymouth Institution and Devon and Cornwa1! Natural History
Society — Report, vol. xii, pt. 4.

72 Fiftictk Annual Meeting.

Kent Archaeological Society — Arch&ologia Cantiana, vol. xxiii.
Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society — Tran-
sactions, vol. xx, pt. 2 ; Catalogue of Books, etc., in the

Library.
Powys Land Club — Montgomeryshire Collections, vol. xxx, pts.

1,2.
Shropshire Archaeological and Natural History Society—

Transactions, vol. x, pts. 1, 2, 3, 4.
Hertfordshire Natural History Society — Transactions, vol. ix,

pts. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.
Essex Archaeological Society — Transactions, vol. vi, pt. 4 ;

vol. vii, pts. 1, 2.
Leicestershire Architectural and Archaeological Society—

Transactions, vol. viii, pt. 5.

Royal Institution of Cornwall — Journal, vol. xiii, pts. 2, 3.
Yorkshire Archaeological Society — Journal, pts. 56, 57, 58 ;

List of Members ; Catalogue of Library.
Northamptonshire Naturalists' Society— Journal, nos. 69, 70,

71, 72.
Geologists' Association — Proceedings, vol. xv, pts. 5, 6, 7, 8,

9, 10 ; List of Members, Feb., 1898.
Royal Dublin Society — Transactions, vol. v, pt. 13; vol. vi,

pts. 2 — 13 ; Proceedings, voL viii, pt. 5.
Bristol Naturalists' Society — Proceedings, vol. viii, pt. 2 ; List

of Members.
Liverpool Literary and Philosophical Society — Proceedings,

vol. 52.
Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society — Proceedings,

vol. xlii, pts. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ; List of Members.
Essex Field Club — Essex Naturalist, vol. x, nos. 5 — 16.
Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle-upon-Tyne — Archceologia

^Eliana, vol. xix, pt. 3 ; Warhworth Parish Registers, pt. 2.
Cambridge Antiquarian Society — The Priory of St. Radegund,

Cambridge ; List of Members, 1898 ; Communications, no.

39 ; Index to Reports and Proceeding sy 1840-97,

Additions to the Library. 73

Clifton Antiquarian Club — Proceedings, vol. iv, pt. 1.

Thoresby Society — vol. vii, pt. 3 ; vol. viii, pt. 1 ; vol. ix, pt. 1.

The Reliquary and Illustrated Archaeologist — vol. iv, nos. 1,
2, 3, 4 ; vol. v, no. 1.

Royal University of Christiania — Four publications.

Smithsonian Institution, Washington, U.S. — Report of the
U.S. National Museum, 1895 ; Proceedings of the U.S.
National Museum, vol. xix.

Bureau of American Ethnology — Sixteenth Report, 1897.

Essex Institute, Salem, Mass. — Bulletin, vol. xxvi, nos. 4—12 ;
vol. xxvii, nos. 1 — 12 ; vol. xxviii, nos. 1 — 6 ; vol. xxix,
nos. 1 — 6.

New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, U.S. —
Register, nos. 205, 206, 207, 208 ; Proceedings, 1898 ; Index
to Testators in Waters'1 s Genealogical Gleanings in England.

Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, U.S. — Proceed-
ings, 1897, pts. 2, 3 ; 1898, pts. 1, 2.

University of California — Report, 1896 ; Register, 1896-7 ; and
various pamphlets on Agriculture and Vine Culture.

Canadian Institute — Transactions, no. 10, vol. v, pt. 2 ; Supple-
ment to no. 9, vol. v, pt. 1 ; Proceedings, vol. i, pts. 4, 5, 6.

Novia Scotian Institute — vol. ix, pt. 3.

Societe Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles, Lausanne — Bulletin,
nos. 125, 126, 127, 128, 129.

University of Upsala — Bulletin of the Geological Institution,
vol. iii, pts. 1, 2.

Societe Archeologique de Bordeaux — Bulletin, tome xxi, fas.
1, 2, 3, 4.

Purchased :
Harleian Society — Registers of St. George's, Hanover Square,

vol. iv ; Visitation of Cambridge.
Oxford Historical Society — Hcarnes Collections, vol. iv ; Epis-

tolae Acadcmicae, Oxon, 2 vols.

Vol. XLIV (Third Series, Vol. I V), Part /.

74 Fiftieth Annual Meeting.

Palseontographical Society, vol. lii, 1893.

Raj Society, vol. for 1895 — Tailess Batrachians of Europe,

pts. 1, 2.

Early English Text Society, nos. 110, 111.
Pipe Roll Society, vol. xxiii.

Somerset and Dorset Notes and Queries, pts. 40, 41, 42, 43, 44.
Somerset Record Society — Somersetshire Pleas., Civil and

Criminal.

Whitaker's Almanack, 1898.

Glastonbury : An Address by the Bishop of Stepney.
Illustrated Guide to Stanton Drew.
The Last Abbot of Glastonbury.
History of Northumberland, vol iv.
Monastic Remains of the Religious Houses of Witham, Bruton

and Stavordale, by Sir R. C. Hoare.
The Antiquary, vol. 23 to 33.
Gentleman's Magazine Library, Shropshire and Somersetshire

volume.

Burke's Extinct Peerages and Extinct Baronetcies, 2 vols.
The Note Book of Tristram Risdon, 1608-28.
Thring's Addresses.

The Ancient Cornish Drama, by Edwin Norris, 2 vols.
British Birds, with Illustrations by Frohawk, 6 vols, 4to.
Barrett's Highways, Byways and Waterways.
Somerset Parish Registers, vols. i, 2.
English Dialect Dictionary, pts. 1 to 6.

Second Letter to the Archbishop of Canterbury, being an ex-
posure the Rev. W. Goode's Book, by Rev. C. S. Grueber.

Poems and Letters by Miss Bowdler, Bath, 1809.

Webster s Elements of Mechanical and Chemical Philosophy,
Taunton, 18—

Batcher s Excursion from Sidmouth to Chester, 1803.

Pen Pictures of Popular English Preachers, Rev. W. Jay,
Bath.

Crutwells Universal Gazetteer, 4 vols., Bath, 1808.

RUINED -TOWER, — OLDITCH COURT,

THORKCOMBB, DEVON.

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

SOMERSETSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND
NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY

DURING THE YEAR
1898.

, ETC.

TBroob,

OF SOMERSET AND DEVON ; BARONS OF COBHAM, IN KENT.

BY W. H. HAMILTON ROGERS, F.S.A.

OLDITCH VILLAGE AND CHAPEL OF ST. MELORUS.

A MID delightful rural surroundings, in the main upper
«£^- reach of the valley of the Axe, the wayfarer, as he
leaves the station of the railway junction to Chard, sets his
foot on classic ground.

To the left, comparatively close by, nestled in luxuriant
foliage, and glimmering richly in contrasting colour by being
fabricated of spoil brought from giant Hamdon, is the ever-
interesting AJbbey of Ford ; where, in the early dawn of the
twelfth century, the Cistercian founded a sanctuary, and es-
tablished his home, under the fostering care of the earlier
ancestors of the illustrious Courtenay, many of whom sleep in
unmarked sepulchres beneath its shadow, for the consecrated
structure wherein they were laid at rest has vanished, and its
site is almost unknown. But the larger portion of the dwelling-

VoL XLI V (Third Series, Vol. I V), Part IL a

2 Papers, §*c.

place of the monk has happily survived, and in the creation
of its beautiful front the " spirit " of its architect, builder, and
last abbot — Thomas Chard, who surrendered his tasteful home
to the rapacious Henry — still " walks abroad."

Under the direction of a succeeding secular possessor, the
shade of another renowned name haunts its precincts, that of
the famous Inigo Jones ; but his alterations, however excellent
in themselves, were altogether alien to the Abbot's design, in-
harmonious and unfortunate. His employer, who spent large
sums on the work, was a person, the turn of whose mind was,
presumably, equally incongruous with the traditions of the
Abbey. This was Edmond Prideaux, learned in the law, and
Attorney-General to the Lord Protector Cromwell, by whom
he was created a baronet. He, fortunately pre-deceased his
powerful patron, and so probably escaped being sent to Tyburn
at the re-entry of the Stuart. Not so fortunate his son, name-
sake, and successor, famed for his extensive learning, for
which he was styled "the Walking Encyclopaedia." He had
entertained the unfortunate Monmouth when on one of his
western progresses, and after Sedgmoor, although Mr. Prideaux
remained at home, and took no part in the insurrection, he
was nevertheless, on very slender presumption, deemed to be
implicated, seized, and sent to the Tower. And it is related,
he was handed over by the amiable James II — the prisoner
being a rich man— to the brutal Jefferys as a "present " ; who,
had he not been so valuable a prize, would doubtless have
hanged him, but by whom he was ultimately released, on
paying that atrocious disgrace to the ermine, fifteen thousand
pounds ; and so, both father and son rest in peace in the
Chapter House of the Abbey.

One further curious and interesting association claims
notice. Here resided for a few years, at the commencement
of the present century, the celebrated jurist, Jeremy Bentham,
the quiet solitude of the place being doubtless congenial to
the contemplation of his philosophic investigations.

The Brook Family. 3

Dismissing from our thoughts the Abbey — a most alluring
subject, whose antecedents have occupied the attention of many
investigators — a sharp turn to the right discloses the path that
leads to the locality where our story takes its beginning, and
which, expanding in its development as we pursue it, becomes
second to none in the west-country in historic interest. A tree
and bush shadowed lane, rising in easy elevation for about a
mile's length, brings us to a gate on the right, where a trackway
through a few pleasant meadows, ascending and descending in
typical Devonian sequence, takes us to Olditch village, — for
village it is, though of small dimensions — that includes two
old farm-houses (one very antient), a trio or so of cottages,
an elementary school-house, together with the usual adjunct,
by rustic euphemism termed " a house of call," but otherwise
known as the wayside public-house.

The origin of this hamlet — an outpost of Olditch Court,
which is located a short distance beyond — is soon apparent.
The long building that faces us as we leave our meadow path,
although now in large measure modernized to the requirements
of a farm-house, still displays along its front considerable
traces of venerable antiquity, that take us back five centuries
into the past. The eastern portion, a building of some size
and still fairly intact, assures the practised eye that it was
originally a Chapel dedicated to the service of the Most High.
A glance within the building immediately confirms it. There
is an open waggon-shaped roof of close-set oak ribs, but little
injured. At the east end, the pointed arch, splays, and sir! of
a window, now walled up, appear, the mullions and tracery
gone. In the north wall is a similar but smaller window, also
walled up, the arched mouldings and jambs visible from the
outside. Beneath the east window, on each side, above where
stood the antient altar, are two brackets or perks, whereon
were probably placed figures of the patron saints of the
Chapel and the mother Church of the parish. High up in the
west wall is a small window, from which the inhabiters of the

4 Papers, fyc.

adjoining house could observe the service. There is no
piscina remaining, and the original side doorway was situate
probably where the large opening appears, the structure being
now used as a barn.

Stretching westward from the Chapel, joined to it, and
bearing evidence of the whole having been one continuous and
coeval erection, is the now farm-house, the further end still
shewing much evidence of the architectural features of the orig-
inal structure. The pointed arch of the doorway, flanked with
narrow lancet windows, others above and behind, together
with a regular set in the gable, strongly grilled with iron, and
built into walls of great thickness, take us back to the con-
cluding years of the fourteenth century ; and here, it may be,
resided the priest that ministered in the adjoining sanctuary.

Of the identification of this venerable and interesting
structure, it is believed no description appears in any county
history ; nor is there that we are aware of, any local account
or tradition extant respecting it, and but for a passing memo-
randum in the Register of Edmund Stafford, Bishop of Exeter,
relative to a breach of ecclesiastical discipline connected with
the parish, no information as to its history would have been
available. This reference, with commentary, Dr. Oliver
supplies.

" In this parish (Thorncombe), dependant on the parochial church, I have
met with two Chapels. One I think at Holditch, viz. the Chapel of St.
Melorus ; " Gapella Sancti Melori infra fines et limites parochie de Thorncombe,"
as Bishop Stafford describes it in a deed dated Crediton, 29th Jan., 1411-12,
(Reg., vol. i, p. 143) the parish church and chapel of St. Melorus having been
placed under an interdict, the Bishop granted relaxation of the same. The
other of St. James, at Legh-Barton, which is mentioned in a lease of Abbot
William White, of Ford, 7th Dec., 1490.

If we may credit the Leyenda Sanctorum, compiled by Bishop Grandison,
St. Melorus was the son of Melianus, King of Cornwall, by his wife Aurilla,
a lady of Devon ; that at seven years of age he lost his royal father ; that his
uncle, Rivoldus, by his father's side, returning from abroad cruelly treated the
youth, and at length contrived his decapitation." [A parish in Cornwall is
called after this saint — St. Mellion, in east Cornwall, mid- way between Saltash
and Callington.]

In point of age this structure is apparently of the same date
as Olditch Court. As there is no record of the grant of a
private oratory to that mansion, as was usual to dwellings of

The Brook Family. 5

such importance, it is not improbable that the Brook family —
the parish church being a considerable distance off — helped to
found, or support it, and occasionally worshipped there, using
it instead of a domestic chapel.

Leaving Olditch village, our path, traversing two or three
fields further in the same direction, brings us to Olditch Court.

Court.

OLDITCH Court ! Here our little history practically begins,
and halting as we enter its leafy precincts, and glancing round,
the query presents itself, where are the evidences of its former
existence : where stood the mansion of the knightly Brooks,
or the ruins thereof, so few and indistinct are the vestiges that
remain to arrest the eye.

In a most retired spot, situate on a pleasant plateau, gar-
nished with fine trees, and still exhibiting evidence of that
indefinable distinction which continues to linger around these
old places of gentle origin with inextinguishable charm ; over-
looking southerly, a spur of the Axe valley that extends
beneath, and which gradually shallowing, is lost in the rising
ground stretching upward to the Dorsetshire hills, known as
Lambert's and Conig's castles, bounding the scene on the
north, is the site — for little beside is visible — of Olditeh Court.

What time and change has spared is soon described. Imme-
diately at the entrance, and still dignified as Olditch Court,
is a small and modern farm-house, but a scrutiny of its front
shews that in it was incorporated a portion of what was ap-
parently the gate-house of the mansion. This is indicated by
a wide, depressed arch, now filled up and almost hidden by
ivy, a pointed doorway by its side, strikingly similar in form
to that found in the old chapel-house in the village, and a
buttress, the intervening windows being of seventeenth cen-
tury work, after the place had passed out of the possession of
the Brooks. Within, a few old features have been preserved,

6 Papers, fyc.

a trio of pointed arches opposite the larger one, which led into
a demolished portion of the original fabric, and a couple of
plain fireplaces of large dimensions.

Behind this building is the site of the Court. All that now
exists of its structure is the portion of a tower of considerable
height, clad with magnificent ivy. It appears to have been
square in form, with a circular angle for a stairway. Leading
from it is a comparatively large space, irregularly and tumul-
tuously hillocked, shewing here and there, where bare of grassy
covering, foundations of massive masonry. This comprises
everything elsewhere to be seen, and in the absence of careful
excavations, it would be difficult, if not impossible, to get an
approximate idea of the ground-plan of the vanished edifice,
but it may be surmised the ruined tower formed one of its
angles.

The date of its erection may be assigned to the first half of
the fourteenth century, and a license to crenellate (otherwise
castellate) it, was granted 20 Rich. II, 1396. The Brooks
doubtless continued to reside in it, until their purchase of
Weycroft, and then probably alternately at both places,
Wey croft apparently getting the preference, until their final
migration to baronial Cobham.

Lysons records "that in 1773 there were considerable re-
mains of the old mansion and the chapel, some traces of which
are still to be seen." As to the Chapel, there is no record
that we know of, of the grant of an oratory to Olditch. The
site and estate were purchased in 1714, by William Bragge,
Esq., of Sadborough, from Mr. John Bowditch, to whose family
they had been conveyed by Lord Mouutjoy.

Of its social history, a remarkable, but by no means unusual
incident in those lawless times — when might, actuated by fierce
party feeling, constituted right of reprisal or injury among
the "nobles" of the land — befel Olditch. Its origin, in our
modern and comparatively tame amenities, would be classed
as political, but in those days desperately partizan, and

The Brook Family. 7

occurred during the wars of fehe Roses. The Brooks were
staunch adherents of the house of York, and this Sir Edward
Brook " was consulted by Richard, Duke of York, as ' a man
of great witte and much experience ; ' : ' and was with the
York faction at their first victory at St. Alban's, in 1455 ;
the depredator of their home, a strong supporter of the rival
Lancaster, in whose cause he ultimately lost his head at
Newcastle, in 1461, after the battle of Towton. He was
James Butler, Earl of Ormond and Wiltshire, and Lord
Treasurer of England to Henry VI ; and the then owner of
Olditch, Edward Brook, who fought in several battles under
the Yorkist banner, was the first Lord Cobham of that name,
son of Sir Thomas Brook, who married Joan Braybroke,
Lady of Cobham.

The record of this raid is preserved among the Harleian
MSS. : the date is not given, but it must have taken place
between 1449-61 ; and the document gives a graphic des-
cription of the proceedings. It is superscribed :

Articles of the great wrongs, injuries, grev'nces, and trespasses, that Jamys,
Erie of Wyltshire, and his servantes, hath don to Edward Broke, Lord
Cobham, and his servants.

First — When the said lord was pesibeHy in his maner of Holdyche, in
Devonshire, the said Erie ymagenying to hurte the said lord, the third of
Janier last passed, at Holdyche foresayd, wyth many other of his servantes to
the nombre of CC. , and mo', of the whiche Rob'rt Cappys, esquier was on, with
force and armes arayd in man'r of werre, that is to say, jackys, saletts, bowys,
arowys, swerdis, longbedeves, gleves, gonnys, colu'yns, with many other
ablements of werre, bisegid, the said Lord Cobh'm there at tyme beying in his
place, and hym assauted contynuelly by the space of v owres, as hit had be in
laiide of werre. And at that tyme ther, the sayd erle, wyth his sayd ser-
vantes, brake a smythis house, beyng ten'nt of the sayd lord Cobh'm, and there
toke oute grete sleggys and many barrys of yryn, and pykeys and mattockys to
have mynye the sayd lord Cobh'm is place. And there, at that tyme, the
dorys of the said lord is stablys and barnys brake, and his cornys beyng in the
sayd barnys, to a grete notabell value, wych thaire horses yete, wasted, de-
foulyed, and distroid. And dyv's goodis of the sayd lord beyng in the said
stablys, that is to say sadellys, bridell, peyterett, croperys, and also tronkys,
clothesackys, stuffed with conveniett stuffe to his estate, for he was purposyd
to remove frothens to his place of Wycrofte, to a grete notabell value, toke
and bare away to the utt'myst dishonur and shame to sayd lord, and grete
hurte in lusyng of hys sayd goodes.

Also the sayd erle, lat at Dorchest'r, by hys grete labour, excitati'n and
steryng hath caused the sayd lord Cobh'm, and Piers hys brother, wyth other
of the sarvantes of the sayd lord, to be endyted of felonye, wyth oute cause or
dese'vyng of thym, the which owneth as well to the destrucc'on of the said lord
and hys brother, is p'sones and his sayd servantea as to the corrup'con of thaire
blood." — From Pulman's Book of the Axe, and noticed by Mr. Waller in
Archceologia Cantiana.

8 Papers, Sfc.

The " Robert Cappys esquier, who was one " that joined
the " Erie " in this disgraceful foray, was a neighbour (?) of
Lord Cobham's, and lived in the adjoining estate of Beerhall,
which he inherited by marriage with Elizabeth daughter of
John Jew, and widow of Sir John Hody. " This woman,"
says Pole, " disinherited her eldest son and conveyed her land,
part unto Sir William Hody — Chief Baron — and part unto
her issue by Cappis, betwixt whose issue theire contynewed a
long contencion. But it is nowe in ye possession of a younger
house issued from Sir William Hody."

It would appear from the foregoing account that Lord
Cobham was staying at Olditch at the time of the " assaut,"
engaged in packing some of his " stuffe " in " tronkis " and
other receptacles, prior to their removal to his other seat at
Wey croft, about two miles distant, and had deposited the
same in the stables and outhouses, ready for transit. Not-
withstanding the " 200 and mo' " retainers " Erie Jamys "
brought with him, their " sleggys " and weapons of " werre,"
and the " five owres " attack ; the " besegid " appear to have
successfully resisted an entrance into the mansion, and the
raiders contented themselves with pillaging the stables and
outhouses, and carrying off the goods packed for removal.
Lord Cobham probably left Olditch as soon as things were
quiet, for Cobham in Kent : passing Dorchester on his way,
the " Erie " apparently following and continuing the perse-
cution, by there getting Sir Edward and his brother Peter,
" endyted for felonye."

A similar outrage to this was made by Robert Willoughby,
afterward Lord Willoughby de Broke, of Beer-Ferrers, on
his almost neighbour on the opposite side of the river Tamar,
Richard Edgcumbe, of Cothele, in 1470 ; and a document in
the possession of the Earl of Mount-Edgcurnbe gives a des-
cription of it with claim, couched in almost exactly similar
language. The bottom of the quarrel was also, their adherence
to the opposing Roses, although afterward they both held high

The Brook Family. 9

office under the amalgamated rule of Henry VII. The well-
known incident of the Courtenays sallying forth at night from
Tiverton Castle to Upcott, sacking his residence first, and
afterwards slaying the old lawyer, Radford, because he was
" of counsel " to their opponent Bonville, described in the
Fasten letters, happened about the same time.

This lawless method of deciding quarrels was never legalized
in England, but the shifting governments at that era, whose
adherents were alternately guilty of this guerilla warfare, were
either too weak or careless to effectually suppress it ; if they
did not secretly connive at it, as each had opportunity.

sganor of

"THE parish of Thorncomb," to quote the quaint language of
Pole, 4i is the uttermost lymytt of Devonshire, and is an island
compassed about w'th Dorsetshire and Somersetshir on ye
west ; and took his name of ye Saxon names Thorn and Cumb,
wh'ch is a familiar name in most parts, and signifieth a bot-
tome, or lowe ground, subject unto thornes."

The principal manor of the parish had been given to, and
belonged to the Abbey of Ford. The descent of the manor of
Olditch and its acquisition by Brook, is thus described by the
above historian.

"It was first belonging to the family of Flemyng, and was by Richard
Flemyng given in marriage unto William de Sancer, a Norman, with Jone,
daughter of the said Richard ; which William with his wife and children re-
volting from King John unto the French king, the said manor was seized into
the king's hands. But the said Richard so much prevailed with the king, that
he restored it unto him again, and left it unto William Flemyng his son, and he
unto William his son, which gave it and all other his lands to Reginald de
Mohun, which Reginald alienated it unto Henry de Broc (or as now called
Brooke) in which family it continued from the reign of King Henry III, unto
the first of James, that Henry Brooke, Lord Cobham, being attainted, the said
king gave this manor, with other lands, unto Charles Blount, Lord Montjoy,
created by the aforesaid king. Earl of Devonshire, and he conveyed the same

to Montjoy, his base supposed sou, who now enjoyeth the same."
"The family of Brooke long continued their dwelling in this place."

Similar to Pole, Kisdon speaks of Thorncombe being " sub-
ject to thorns and briers (if manurance did not prevent it),

Vol. XLI V (Third Series, Vol. I V), Part II. b

10 Papers, fyc.

unto which it is naturally prone," and gives the text of the
transfer mentioned by Pole.

Willielmus le Sancar Normanus, tenuit Manerium de Holdich tempore Regis
Jokannis de JRichardo le Fleming et idem Rich, ei dedU in Alaritagio cum Johanna
Filia sua, quae in separatione Anglorum el Normanorum remansit ad fidem
Regis Franciae una cum pueris, quo facto Rex sesivit.

And adds " that this manor was given by the King to the Lord
Reginald Mohun, who in the time of King Henry III, gave
the same to one of the ancestors of the Lord Cobham.'' But
Pole's description of the descent is probably the correct one.

This Sir Reginald de Mohun is supposed to have acquired
so large a portion of the Fleming property, by his presumed —
but not absolutely authenticated — marriage with Avice or
Hawis, a daughter of William Fleming, as his first wife. He
was munificently inclined toward the Church, was the Founder
of the Cistercian Abbey of Newenham, and a great benefactor
to the similar foundation at Tor- Mohun, where he died, 20th
January, 1257. Its possession by the Brooks continued for
about three centuries and half.

The six succeeding Barons of Cobham, following Sir Thomas
Brook, who married Joan Braybroke, heiress to the barony,
held Olditch until the attainder of its last unfortunate possessor,
Henry Brook, tenth Lord Cobham, K.G., in Avhom the
title expired. In 1604, James I gave it to Charles Mountjoy,
Earl of Devon.

€be aganor of flHepcroft.

THE early descent of the Manor of Wey croft, or Wy croft,
antiently Wigof t, prior to its acquisition by Sir Thomas Brook,
is somewhat obscure as related by historians in collation with
the Visitations and the remaining deeds of transfer, but a fairly
complete account may be made out. It is situate about a mile
east of Ax minster, on the road leading to Chard.

Its first recorded possessors appear to have been Adam and
Henry de Grelond or Gralland, and named of the place "de

The Brook Family. 11

Wigoft," who held it temp. Henry II (1154-89). Henry de
Gelond or de Wigoft, gave it to his son John, last of that
name, "in marriage," with Joan, daughter of Richard de
Chudderlegh (of Chudderlegh, in Bickleigh, east Devon),
temp. Edw. II (1307-27), by whom he had issue Joan his
daughter and heiress, the wife of John Gobodeslegh, " some-
time written de Wicroft." They had issue Thornazine, who
married John Christenstow, and had issue William Christen-
stow, of Wycroft, who died without issue, and Alice his sister
and heiress, the wife of John Dennys, of Bradford, in North
Devon, whose grandson was Thomas Dennys, subsequently of
Holcombe-Buruell.*

" It appears," says Pole,

"that William Christenstow, who died in King Richard II's time (1377-99),
had made some grant (of Wycroft) to Sir Thos. Brooke, Knt. , which being im-
perfect, Sir Thomas Brook his son, had a new grant from Thomas Dennys,
grandchild of Alice, sister of William Christenstow, and in recompense granted
unto Dennys his manor of Holcombe-Burnell, anno 9 Henry VI, 1418."

This account must be read in conjunction with the following.

"Original deeds relating to the purchase of Weycroft are still in existence.
By one of them dated 1395, Robert Deyghere, of Crukern, and Avicia his wife,
daughter and heir of Adam Wycroft, convey to Sir Thomay "the manor of
Wycroft and its appurtenances " ; and by another, dated 1397, Robert Digher
and Avicia his wife, daughter and heir of Adam Gobald, of Wycroft, convey
the manor to Philip Holman, clerk, and John Swaldale. This deed is attached
to a later one, dated "die Jovis proximi post festum sancti Luce evangeliste,"
9 Henry IV, 1407, by which Holman and Swaldale convey the said manor to
Thomas Brook, the younger." — Pulinan's Book of the Axe, p. 579.

It is probable these parties were intermediate holders of the
manor, or some part of it, derived from William Christenstow
or his assigns, whose interest Sir Thomas Brook, senior, pur-
chased, and subsequently his son completed the title and pos-
session by exchange of lands at Holcombe-Burnell with
Thomas Dennys, the grandson of Alice Christenstow, sister
and heiress of her brother William, whose interest in Wycroft
had descended to him.

* Arms of Chudderlegh, Argent, on a chevron sable, three acorns or, between
three ravens head* erazed sable ; of Gobodesley, Party per pale argent and sable,
an eagle displayed double-necked sable and or ; of Christenstow, of Wycroft,
Azure, a bend indented or and ermine, between two cotizes ermine y of Dennys,
Ermine, a chevron between three Danish axes gules.

12 Papers, §*c.

The manor of Hoicombe-Burnell had been possessed from
a very early date by the family of de Kaul or Kaile, whose
last male owner appears to have been John Kaile, son of
Thomas Kaul, alias Kaile, temp. Rich. II (1377-99); and in
the Visitation for 1564, it is set down that Sir Thomas Brook
married Johanna the daughter and heir of John Kaile, and so
presumably acquired the manor ; and it is added that Thomas
Brook, his son, " qui cum praedicta Johanna matre ejus vendi-
derunt manerium praedictum Thomae Dennys ar." But the
herald is evidently in error as to Sir Thomas Brook marrying
a daughter of Thomas Kaile ; no such alliance is on record.
Sir Thomas doubtless purchased it, about the same time he
acquired the part interest in Weycroft, and exchanged it with
Thomas Dennys to complete the title, the entry in the Visi-
tation confirming Pole's account. There was a family of
Kaile or Kaull that held lands at Chard, where also Sir
Thomas Brook had considerable possessions. Arms of Kaul—
Quarterly embattled argent and sable.

At the death of Dame Johanna and the migration of her
son to Cobham, the glory appears to have departed from
Weycroft, and Risdon writing about 1630, remarks —

"Sir Thomas Broke, the father of him that married with Joan Bray Broke,
who brought the barony of Cobham into that family, built here, on the rising of
au hill, a fair new house, castle-like, and enclosed a large and spacious park,
being a very pleasant scite over the river, and hath a good prospect. It con-
tinued in this family until the attainder of the Lord Cobham, in the reign of
King James, who gave it to Charles (Blount), late Earl of Devon, whose feoffees
have sold it unto Mr. Bennet, Sheriff of London. The park is destroyed, and
the house begins to decay for want of a worthy dweller to make his abode
there."

Weycroft still exhibits in some degree a measure of its
antient importance, is most picturesquely situated on a knoll
overlooking the Axe river and valley, and there is a portion
of the avenue remaining leading from the mansion across a
field in the direction of Axminster. There are also remains
of buildings, walls with arches built up, extending south of
the present house, the site being now a garden.

The Brook Family. 13

TBtook,

OF LE BROOK, IN ILCHESTER, SOMERSET,

OLDITCH, IN THORNCOMBE, AND WEYCROFT, IN AXMINSTER,

DEVON.

THE earliest location of the family of Brook, and from which
ley presumably derived their name, was from a village so
called near Ilchester. Collinson thus refers to it.

At Ilchester without the walls toward Montacute, was an antient village
called Brook, or the Brook, whence a family of great antiquity derived the
ime of at Brook, and de la Brook, this being the place of their usual residence,
here are some faint mentions of this family in times approaching the Norman
ivasion, but in the time of Henry III (1216-72) and Edw. I (1272-1307), we
n speak with certainty of the owners of this place, who had therein manorial
;hts under the commonalty of the town of Ilchester."

I. — (LfllilUam tie BrOC, or de Brook, lord of the manor of
>rook, appears to have been the first of these, who died 15
[enry III (1231), leaving a son Henry.

II.— l^ettrp tie BrOOk. He is apparently the Henry de
Broc, described by Pole as acquiring the manor of Olditch
from Sir Reginald de Mohun, who died about 1257. He
married $lid)0lea, daughter of BRYAN DE GORITZ, dominus
de Kingesdun. There was a Brian de Goritz, of Chipping-
Blandford, Dorset, temp. Edw. II, whose arms were — Vaire,
five fusils conjoined in bend yules. They left a son Henry.

III.— l^enrp tie BrOOk married (El^abetl) and

deceased 18 Edw. II (1324), leaving a son John.

IV.— 3|olm tie BrOOk. He held at his death, 22 Edw. Ill
(1348), "the manor of Brook, and a messuage with a curtilage
and garden, and one carucate of land, without the town of
Ivelchester, of the commonalty of that town, and also lands at
Sock-Dennis, Bishopston, and Kingston." He married ^[OfilT,
daughter of SIR JOHN BRADSTONE, Knt. — probably of the
Gloucestershire family of that name, of whom Thomas de
Bradestone, a Knight-Banneret, was summoned to Parliament
as a Baron, from 25th February, 1342, to 3rd April, 1360, in
which year he died — and was succeeded by his grandson
Thomas, who died about 1370, leaving an only daughter and

14 Paper 'S, §*c.

heiress, married to Walter de la Pole : their arms — Argent, on
a canton gules, a rose or, barbed vert. John de Brook left a
son Thomas.

V.— ^Tl)0ma0 tit 23roOfe. He granted, 31 Edw. Ill (1358),
" to Thomas Waryn and his heirs a certain yearly rent of
twenty pounds, payable out of his lands and tenements in la
Broke jnxta Ivelchester, and in the town of Ivelchester." He
married C0tt#tanC£, the daughter of .... MARKENSFELD,
died 41 Edw. Ill (1368), leaving a son Thomas. The arms
of Markenfield, of York, are given as Argent, on a bend sable,
three bezants.

VI. — ^fjontag &£ ffitOOk. He is included by Pole among
"the men of best worth in Devon," during the reigns of
Rich. II, Henry IV, and Henry V (1377-1413), and styles
him Sir Thomas Brooke, de Holditch, Knt. In him we reach
the most important member of the family while resident in the
west, owing in large measure to his marriage with the wealthy
widow of Robert Chedder, which gave him considerable in-
fluence in the counties of Somerset and Devon.

He was Sheriff of Somerset (1389) ; Sheriff of Devon, 17
Rich. II (1394), 4 Henry IV (1403) ; Knight of the Shire
for Somerset, 10, 11, 15, 20, and 21 Rich. II (1388-98), 1, 3,
5, and 11 Henry IV (1400-11), and 1 and 5 Henry V (1414-19).

Sir Thomas Brook married ^Dljanna, second daughter and
coheiress of SIMON HANAP, or HANHAM, of Gloucestershire
(according to Hutchins so denominated from a place of that
name, situate a short distance east of Bristol) and widow of
Robert Chedder, Mayor of that city in 1360-1, who died
1382-4 ; and by whom she had four sons. She held in dower
extensive landed possessions, and several advowsons, in Somer-
set, Gloucester, and Dorset, which passed at her death to
Thomas Chedder, her only surviving son by this marriage.
This family of Chedder will be further referred to.*

* Arms of Brook, of Olditch — Gules, on a chevron argent, a lion rampant sable ;
of Chedder, Sable, a chevron ermine, between three escallops argent ; of Hanham,
Quarterly or and gules, over all on a bend engrailed sable, three crosses forme
fitche of 'the first.

The Brook Family. 15

By her second husband, Sir Thomas Brook, she appears to
have had two sons, Thomas and Michael.

Between the years 1395 and 9 Henry IV ( 1407), Sir Thomas
purchased the manor of Weycroft, in the parish of Axminster,
situate about a mile from that town, and three from Olditch ;
and there erected a residence of castellated form, on a pic-
turesque eminence overlooking the river and valley of the Axe.
Although, apparently from traces left, much of the original
structure has been destroyed, the portion remaining is of con-
siderable size, and if somewhat modernized, its antient fea-
tures have been tolerably well preserved by subsequent repairs.
In the extension of the building, at the rear, what was once
the hall still exists, with side windows of transomed and
cusped lights, and a handsome chimney-piece in the gable end ;
as shown in the illustration.

An important event was now about to happen which raised
the family of Brook to their highest position, and withdrew
them soon after from their pleasant squire-built residence in
this Devonshire valley, to the grand associations of baronial
Cobharn, in the fertile plains of Kent.

This was the marriage of Thomas Brook, their eldest son,
born about 1391, with Joan Braybroke, the daughter, only
surviving child, and sole heiress of Joan de la Pole, Lady of
Cobham, in Kent, by her second husband Sir Nicholas Bray-
broke.

On February 20th, 11 Henry IV (1409-10), a contract was
entered into between Sir Thomas Brook of the one part, and
Sir John Oldcastle, and the Lady Joan, his wife, on the other
(he was her fourth husband), that his son Thomas should
marry Joan the daughter of the latter, before the Feast of
Pentecost, next ensuing, if God should grant them life — si
DC us illis vitam cone edit.

On 29th November, 1417, Edmund Stafford, Bishop of
Exeter, granted a license to Thomas Brook, Esq., and Joan
his wife, to have a domestic chapel or oratory, " infra Mans-

16 Paper •$, §*c.

ionem suam de Wycroft in Parochid de Axmynstrc."

The death of Sir Thomas, according to the inscription on

the brass is placed as occurring on the 23rd January, 1419,

5 Henry IV ; but the year is probably an error, as the probate

of his will was granted 5th February, 1417-8.
In 1427, a license

" To enclose a park of eight hundred acres and to crenellate the mansion was
granted to Humfrey, Duke of Gloucester, Sir Thomas Brooke, Sir Giles
Daubeney and others, who appear to have been acting as his co-trustees, prob-
ably in connection with a settlement made in 1410, on the marriage of the (then)
owner, Sir Thomas Brooke, with Joan Bray broke. With stones and lime to enclose,
crenellate, turrellate and embattle their Manor ( House) of Wycroft, in Axminstre,
and make a park there, with all liberties and franchises, so that no one should
flee into it, or enter to seize anyone without leave — Mamrium suum de Wycroft
in Axminstre, cum petris et calce includere krenellare et battellare et octingentas
acras terre et bosci in Axminstre includere et parcum inde facere possint."-
Pulman's Book of the Axe, p. 579.

In the enclosing of this park, an incident not uncommon of
its kind occurred, pertinent to such operations, that of ob-
structing or closing certain rights of way belonging to neigh-
bouring owners and the public, over the said park, and causing
a dispute thereby.

At Shute, about four miles from Weycroft, there resided at
that date Sir William Bonville, afterward Lord Bonville, K.G.,
of Chewton-Mendip, executed after the second battle of St.
Albans, in 1460-61. He was the grandson of Sir William
Bonville, of Shute, who died in 1407-8, to whose will " Mon-
sieur Thomas Brooke," the husband of Lady Johanna was
appointed an overseer. It is easy to see how the dispute
arose, as between them.

On the other side of the valley, and nearly opposite Wey-
croft, is an estate or manor called Uphay, which belonged to
Sir William Bonville ; and the residence thereon, which his
family probably occasionally occupied, appears to have been
of sufficient consideration for Bishop Brantyngham to grant
him a licence for a domestic chapel there, 24th July, 1375—
a further licence for the same object being granted or renewed
by Bishop Lacy on 8th May, 1421.

By the imparking such a large tract of land as eight hundred

1W Urth sit Mamas- Brook iinmtf. ttif tBiiuhf tijifH tlif

SIR THOMAS AND DAME JOHANNA BROOK.

THORNCOMBE CHUKCH, DEVON.

The Brook Family. 17

acres, by the widowed Lady Johanna and her son Sir Thomas,
doubtless some public rights of way from Uphay and elsewhere
across it, had been obstructed or stopped.

Accordingly the matter was referred to Nicholas Wysbeche,
Abbot of the adjacent Abbey of Newenham, and others for
adjustment, who, observes Mr. Davidson —

" Was appointed with five of his neighbours a mediator in a dispute between
Sir William Bonville, of Shute, and Joan the widow of Sir Thomas Brooke,
arising from the obstruction of several public roads and paths in the foundation
and enclosure of the park at Weycroft by the lady and her son. The transcript
of an instrument has been preserved which recites the circumstances of the case
at great length, and concluded with an award, which as the Abbot was nomi-
nated by the Lady Brooke, does credit to his justice as an umpire, as well as to
his hospitality ; for, after deciding on every point in favour of Sir William
Bonville, and directing all the ways to be thrown open to the public, it con-
cludes by directing the knight and the lady should ride amicably together to
Newenham Abbey on a day appointed, where they should exchange a kiss in
token of peace and friendship, and dine together at the Abbot's table. The
deed is dated at Axminster, 13th August, 1428. '

Lady Johanna Brook survived her second husband just
twenty years, and died on 10th April, 1437, and they were
both buried at the east end of the north aisle of Thorncombe
old church, where two fine brass effigies were placed to their
memory on a stone in the pavement, with a ledger inscription
and four shields. The figures have fortunately been preserved,
but only a small portion of the inscription remained, and the
shields were gone. The new church at Thorncombe does not
occupy the same site as the former one, but the effigies have
been preserved and inserted in another stone and placed in a
relative position therein on a low tomb, with this restored in-
scription around them :

" Here lyth Sir Thomas Brook Knyytc the whiche dyed the xxiii
day of Januiere the yere of oure lordc MCCCC $ XIX
and the fijte yere of Kynge Harry the V. Also here lyth
dame Johan Brook the wyfe of the sayde Thomas the
whyche died the x day of Apryll : The yere of our lorde
MCCCC 8f XXXVI J and the xv yere of Kynye Harry
the vj : on ivhois Soulcs God haue mercy fy pile that for vs
dyed on the Rode tree, amen"
The effigies are two of the most distinguished to be found

Vol. XLI V (Third Series, Vol. I V), Part II. c

Vol. XLI

18 Papers, §*c.

remaining of that era. Sir Thomas is clad in a long gown,
with deep dependant sleeves, guarded with fur around the
skirt and collar, and pulled in at the waist by a belt studded
with roses. Within the gown a second garment appears, with
four rows of fur around the skirt. His hair is polled, and
his feet rest on a greyhound couchant, collared. Lady
Johanna wears a long robe fastened across the breast by a
cordon with tassells, over a plain gown. Her hair is dressed
in semi-mitre shape, and confined by a richly jewelled net,
over which is placed the cover-chief, edged with embroidery,
and dependant to the shoulders. At her feet is a little lap-
dog, collared and belled. Both wear the collar of S.S., their
arms are in tightly-fitting sleeves, and the hands are raised in
prayer.

At the death of Lady Johanna Brook, the large possessions
she had held in dower of her first husband Robert Chedder,
which included the manor of Cheddar and the advowson of the
Chantry of our Blessed Lady in the church there, was inherited
by her only surviving son by him, Thomas Chedder (ob.
1442-3), who had married a Devonshire lady, Isabel Scobahull,
of South-Pool, a parish in the southernmost angle of that
county.

Thomas Brook, her eldest son by her second husband, suc-
ceeded to Olditch, Wey croft, Brook-Ivelchester, and other
landed property of considerable extent belonging to his father
— and he had made a distinguished match with Joan Bray-
broke, only daughter and heiress of the Lady of Cobham, in
Kent.

Of the other son, Michael Brook, we get no account, and lie
probably died without issue.

VII.— $5>ir ^IjOmag BtOOk, the son of Sir Thomas Brook
and the Lady Johanna, was born about 1391, he being twenty-
six years of age at the death of his father, 23rd January,
1417-8. He was Knight of the Shire for Dorset, 1 Henry V
(1413-4) : for the county of Somerset, 8 Henry V (1420-1),

The Brook Family. 19

and 1 and 5 Henry VI (1422-3 and 1426-7), and was knighted
between 1416 and 1422.

His marriage with ^j|0fttt, only surviving child and sole
heiress of JOAN DE LA POLE, Lady of Cobham, by her second
husband SIR REGINALD BRAYBROKE, took place in 1409-10,
and she proved a prolific mother, bringing him ten sons and
four daughters. Of the sons ( 1 ) Edward, eldest son and heir
Avas summoned to Parliament as a Baron by writs from 13th
January, 1444-5 (23 Henry VI), to 28th February, 1462-3
(2 Edw. IV), as "Edward Broke de Cobham, Chivalier" He
was a strong adherent of the House of York, and as previously
related, had his mansion at Olditch sacked by the Lancastrian
Earl of Ormond ; was present at the first battle of St. Alban's,
23rd May, 1455 ; took part in the solemn procession to St.
Paul's, London ; and commanded the left wing of the York-
shire men at the battle of Northampton, 10th July, 1460.
He married Elizabeth, daughter of James Touchet, Lord Audley,
and died in 1464. (2) Reginald, was of Aspall, in Suffolk, with
descent still in existence. (3) Hugh : he married Petronel
.... and his descendants settled in Somerset. John, his son,
Sergeant-at-law to Henry VIII, married a daughter of
Mericke, of Bristol, and had three sons : Thomas, married Joan
Speke, and had issue ; Hugh, of Long Ashton ; Arthur, whose
son Edward, was of Barrow-Gurney, and he had issue Hugh,
who married Dorothy Preston, of Glastonbury, ; Thomas,
also of Glastonbury Abbey (1623), who married Rebecca,
daughter and co-heir of John Wyke, of Ninehead, ; and Sir
Davy or David Brook, Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer,
Knighted 1 Mary (1553), who married Catherine, sister of
John Bridges, Lord Chandois — this descent is given in the
Somerset Visitation for 1623. (4) Thomas-, (5) John ; (6)
Robert ; (7) Peter ; (8) Christopher ; ($) Henry ; (10) Morgan ;
all died without issue. Of the daughters: (1) Margaret;
(2) Christian, died without issue; (3) Joan, or query Isabel,
married John Carrant ; (4) Elizabeth, John St. Maure, whose

20 Papers, Sfc.

daughter Joan married Jolm Blewitt, of Holcombe-Rogus,
whose son Nicholas, oh. 22nd August, 1523.

Although his wife styled herself Lady of Cobham, her
husband was never summoned to Parliament as a Baron — the
title remaining in abeyance thirty-two years, from 22nd March,
1413, temp. Sir John Oldcastle, until Sir Thomas Brook's son,
Sir Edward Brook, had summons, 13th January, 144o. He
survived his mother seven years, his mother-in-law five years
only, and died in 1429. A continuation of the descent of
Brook, will be given.

Cofc&am,

OF COBHAM, KENT, AND OF SOMERSET AND DEVON.

OUR little annals have shewn that Sir Thomas Brook, the
younger, of Olditch and Wey croft, made the distinguished
match of taking to wife, Joan Bray broke, the only daughter
and sole heiress of Joan de la Pole-Braybroke, Lady of Cob-
ham, in Kent : thereupon, or soon after, he appears to have
forsaken the olden associations of his birth-place, and the in-
heritances derived from his ancestors in Somerset and Devon,
migrating to the grander attractions of baronial Cobham,
where his name and posterity, ennobled and otherwise greatly
honoured, nourished for several generations. A notice of this
succession now demands attention.

The very antient family of Cobham, in Kent, although so
far removed from the west-country, had very early associations
with the counties of Somerset and Devon.

The first so related, and pertaining to this account, were two
brothers, Henry and John de Cobham, the sons of John de
Cobham, fourth in the Kent descent.

JOHN DE COBHAM was Sheriff of Kent, 1259-61 ; Justice
Itinerant of the Common Pleas, 1267-71 ; King's Sergeant
and Justice of the King's Bench, 1275 ; Baron of the Ex-

The Brook Family. 21

chequer,* and Constable of the Castle and City of Rochester,
1279-80. Both were his sons by his first wife, JOAN, daughter
of Sir Robert de Septvans ; she died before 1298, and he de-
ceased in March, 1300. They were both buried in the parish
church of St. Mary Magdalen, Cobham, where his gravestone
remains, denuded of its brasses : but his wife's effigy still
exists clad in wimple, cover-chief and long robe, under a fine
canopy, said to be the earliest known example of a canopy to
a monumental brass. Boutell (1848) says, "the Longobardic
letters and narrow fillets of latten have been removed from
the verge of the slab, to which this fine brass is attached," and
that the inscription ran thus :
Dame : Jone : de : Kobeham : gist : isi : devs : de : sa : alme :

eit : merci : kike : pur : le : alme : priera. : gnaranatc : jours :

de : pardovn : avera.
which may be rendered :
" Dame Jone de Kobeham lies here — God have mercy on her soul.

Each one who shall pray for her soul, shall have forty days

pardon"

This brass has been erroneously assigned to represent the
wife of her grandson, Joan de Beauchamp, who died subse-
quent to 1343, a period much too late for the costume.

HENRY DE COBHAM, his eldest son, was appointed Con-
stable of the Castle and City of Rochester, 1304, and Constable
of the Castle of Dover, and Warden of the Cinque Ports, 34
Edw. I, 1305-6. He was the first Baron of Cobham, being
summoned to Parliament as such, from 8th January, 1313, to
22nd January, 1336 ; and is described by Mr. Waller, as "a
stirring and active man in the public administration and mili-
tary enterprises of the nation." He married MAUD, the
daughter of Eudo de Morevillc, arid widow of Matthew de
Col umbers.

* Pole mentions a John Cobham, "who sate in Devon, ye 33 yeere K. Henry
III," 1249— probably father of this John, who was Justice Itinerant and of the
Common Pleas at this time— and another John de Cobham, "who sate at
Exon.," in 1286.

22 Papers, fyc.

In pursuing our narrative we have now to make a diversion
into Somerset, and follow him there.

At Stoke-sub-Hamdon was one of the mansions or cas-
tellated residences of the antient and distinguished family of
the Beauchamps — Barons Beauchamp, also styled, "of Hacche,"
(Hatch-Beauchamp), in the county of Somerset. It was of
considerable size as befitted their rank and station, license to
fortify it being granted, 7 Edw. Ill (1334), and attached to it
was a chantry or free chapel, apparently of large size, dedicated
to St. Nicholas ; but of all these extensive buildings, a few
insignificant portions only, now remain.

Its occupant at this era was John de Beauchamp, the first
of the family summoned to Parliament as a Baron, 27 Edw. I
(1299) — he was frequently engaged in military service under
that monarch, by whom he was Knighted in 1306, in company
with the king's eldest son, Prince Edward, in the expedition
to Scotland, in that year ; he also signed the celebrated letter
to the Pope, 29 Edw. I (1299). He was also constituted
Governor of Bridgwater Castle. In 1304 he founded in the
chapel at Stoke-Beauchainp, a Collegiate Chantry, consisting
of a Provost and four other Chaplains, and suitably endowed
it, together with a house in the village for their common resi-
dence, which still exists. The Beauchamps were munificently
inclined toward the Church, some earlier members of the
family are assigned to be the founders of the Augustine Priory
of St. Gregory, at Frithelstock, in north Devon, and bene-
factors to the Cistercian Abbey of Ford, where their arms
Vaire, appear on the sinister side of the Conventual seal. He
died 10 Edw. Ill (1337), and by his wife, Joan, left two sur-
viving children, John his heir, and a daughter Joan.

In the year 1316, the aforesaid Henry de Cobham was
apparently on a visit to this John de Beauchamp, at his man-
sion at Stoke-sub-Hamdon. About 1314, John de Cobham,
his son, had married the above Joan, only daughter of his
host, John de Beauchamp, and her father gave her a marriage

The Brook Family. 23

portion of four hundred pounds. Henry de Cobham died at
Stoke during his visit, 9 Edw. II (1316), aged 76, and was
buried in the Collegiate Chapel adjoining the mansion, his son
John being present, the details of whose journey and expenses,
which were defrayed by the Cobhams, were extant in 1574.

The interesting old itinerant Leland, who visited Somerset
about 1541-2, was evidently greatly impressed with the impor-
tant castle of the Beauchamps at Stoke-sub-Hamdon, and its
attendant chapel, and so put on record a singularly detailed
account of what he witnessed there, at that time apparently in
the earlier stages of decay. For the easier realization of its
then remaining glory, his description has been rendered in
modern spelling :

" I saw at Stoke in a bottom hard by the village very notable ruins of a great
Manor Place or Castle, and in this Manor Place remaineth a very ancient
Chapel, wherein be divers tombs of noble men and women.

In the south west side of the Chapel be five images on tombs, one hard
joined to another, three of men harnessed and shielded, and two of women.
There hath been inscriptions on each of them, but now so sore defaced, they
cannot be read. I saw a shield or two all Vaire, of blue and white. There be
in this part of the Chapel also, two tombs without images.

There is in the north side of the body of the Chapel, a tomb in the wall
without image or writing, and a tomb with a goodly image of a man of arms in
the north side of the quire with shield as I remember all Vaire ; and even afore
the quire door but without it, lieth a very great flat marble stone, with an
image in brass flatly graven, and this writing in French about it.

" Id gist le noble, & vaillant Chivaler Maheu de Gurney iadys seneschal de
Landes de capitain du Chastel Daques pro nostre seignor le roy en la duche de
Guyene, que en sa vie fu a la. batail de Beaumarin, & ala apres a la siege Dal-
gezire sur le Sarazines, & auxi a lex batailles de Lescluse, de Cressy, de
Yngenesse, de Peyteres, de Nazara. Dozrey, <& a plusours autres batailles <£
atssfges en lea quex il g'aina noblement graund los & honour per le space de
xxiiij & xvj ans, & morust le xxvj jour de Septembre Ian nostre seignor Jesu
Christ MCCCCVJ que de salme dieux eit mercy. Amen."

There was beside this grave another, in the west-end of the body of the
Chapel, having a great flat stone without inscription.

I marked in the windows three sorts of arms, one all Vaire, blue and white,
another with three stripes gules down-right in a field of gold. The third was
crosslets of gold many intemixt in one in afield, as I remember, gold.

There is a Provost belonging to this Collegiate Chapel now in decay, where
sometime was good service, and now but a mass said three times in the week."

Of the fine mansion only the barest traces of the foundations
are now visible, and of the evidently large chapel, filled with
an array of the most interesting tombs — eleven in number —
to the Beauchamps, the antient lords of the place, knights and
ladies reclining around, "in their habits as they lived," doubt-

24 Papers, §-c.

less among them their visitor and relative Henry de Cobham,
who was there buried, the brazen effigies of the aged warrior.
Sir Matthew Gournay, in his harness, stretched upon the floor*
at the entrance door of the choir, and the windows above them
sparkling with the armories of their families and descent,
must have formed an unique sight.

Of this once almost fairy scene of mediaeval interest, now,
not a vestige remains, and when the writer visited the place a
few years since, a potato garden occupied its site, in the centre
of which an interment or two had been discovered, the remains
indicating their having been male and female, and from time
to time a few pieces of encaustic tiles and fragments of
sculpture are occasionally exhumed. Its desecration and
effacement is complete.

JOHN DE COBHAM, second Baron, was Knight of the Shire
for Kent at intervals between 1312 and 1334-5, in which latter
year he was constituted Admiral of the Fleet from the mouth
of the Thames westward, a Justice of Dyer and Terminer, and
Constable of Rochester Castle. He was summoned to Parlia-
ment as a Baron, from 24th November, 1350, to 15th March,
1354-5, and for his military services was created a Knight-
Banneret by Edward III, with an annuity of a hundred marks.
His first wife JOAN BEAUCHAMP, was alive in 1343, and he
married secondly AGNES, daughter of Richard Stone, of Dart-
ford. He died 25th February, 1354-5, and was buried in the
chancel at Cobham, where his brass still exists, the armour
and appointments being very similar to those of his son, the
Founder of the College. The inscription is remarkable and no
other exactly like it is known :
" VOILS qe passez id entour Priez pur lalme le cortays viandour

* This redoubtable old knight was the last possessor of Stoke, by his marriage
with Alice, ob 1383, widow of John, fourth and last Baron Beauchamp, ob. 1361,
and at his death it reverted to the Crown and was included in the possessions
of the Duchy of Cornwall. He died in 1406, aged ninety-six, and had for his
companion-in-arrns, another venerable west-country knight, Sir John Sully,
K.G.. of Iddesleigh, in Devon, whose tomb and effigies are in Crediton church,
and who died in 1387, aged one hundred and seven. They fought together at
Cressy and Najara, serving in the French wars of that era.

The Brook Family. 25

Qe Johan de Cobham auoit a noun Dieux luy face ucrray
pardoun Qe trepassa lendemayn de Seint Mathei Le puis-
aunt otrie ademorer one ly En Ian de grace Mil CCCL
qatre Ces cnemis fist abatre."

which tells us

" Ye who pass by here, pray for the soul of the gentle host, who
was named Johan de Cobham. God to him give very pardon ;
who passed away the day after St. Matthew' 8 day. The
Almighty grant (him) to dwell with Him. In the year of
grace, 1354. Those enemies he hath made to be abased"
The date would be the 25th February, 1354-5.
A second digression awaits us here, concerning John de

Cobham, the younger brother of Henry de Cobham (the first

baron of that name who died at Stoke-sub-Hamdon) and who

came into Devon and settled there.

Cobbam,

OF BLACKBOROUGH, DEVON.

BLACKBOROUGH, a parish in east Devon, lying under the
Blackdown hills, a few miles east of Collumpton, was held by
the Bolhays, of Blackburgh-Bolhay. Hamelin de Bolhay died
54 Henry III (1270), and Dame Philippa de Bolhay presented
to the living of Blackborough, 8th January, 1274-5. Here a
branch of the Cobhams was located in Devon.

JOHN DE COBHAM, described by Pole as a "younger son
of Cobham in Kent," was the younger son of John de Cobham
and Joan de Sept vans, and brother to Henry de Cobham, the
first Baron, who died at Stoke-sub-Hamdon, in 1339. He
married AMICIA or AMY, daughter of James de Bolhay, of
Blackburgh-Bolhay, and inherited the manor. There were
four children, James, his heir ; Isabel, who married John Barn-
field, of Poltimore ; Elizabeth, to Sir Hugh Peverell, from
whom the Hungerfords ; and Philippa, to Nicholas Ingpen,
from whom successively Fitchett, Hill of Spaxton, Cheney of

Vol. XL! V (Third Series, Vol. IV), Part II.

26 Papers, £c.

Pinhoe, and Walgrave, of Suffolk. James de Cobham was
succeeded by John, named as eighth in the entail settled by
John de Cobham, third Baron, who married Margaret Courte-
nay, son of John, second Baron, who married Joan Beauchamp,
of Stoke-sub-Hamdon. He was succeeded by Sir John Cob-
ham, 7 Rich. II (1394), who married Katherine, eldest daughter
of Sir William Bonville, of Shute, ob. 1407-8, by his first wife
Margaret de Aumarle. They would thus be contemporary
with Sir Thomas and Dame Johanna Brook, whose son married
the heiress of the main descent of Cobham in Kent. It was of
this lady the domestic incident is related that occurred at the
baptism of her nephew, the unfortunate Lord William Bon-
ville, of Chewton, K.G., when he made proof as to his coming
of age, before the king's escheator, in the first year of King
Henry V, 1413-14. John Cokesdene and others deposed that
on the day of his baptism, the last day of August, 1393 —

" They were together elected at Honiton on a certain ' love-day,' to make
peace between two of their neighbours, and on that very day, there came there
a certain Lady Katherine, widow of Sir John Cobham, Knt., and then wife of
John Wyke, of Nynhyde, an aunt of the said William, proposing to drive to
Shute, thinking she should be god-mother to the said infant, and met there a
certain Edward Dygher, servant to the said Sir William Bonevile. who was re-
puted to be half-witted in consequence of his being loquacious and jocular, and
who asked her whither she was going. Who answering quickly, said, ' Fool,
to Shute, to see my nephew made a Christian,' to which the said Edward
replied, with a grin, in his mother tongue, ' Kate, Kate, ther to by myn pate
corny stow to late,' meaning thereby that the baptism of the child was already
over ; whereupon she mounted upon her horse in a passion, and rode home in
deep anger, vowing that she would not see her sister, to wit the said child's
mother, for the next six months, albeit she should be in extremis, and die,"

By Sir John Cobham she had one daughter, Elizabeth,
married to Walter Charleton, but there was no issue, "after
whose death," says Pole, "by virtue of a remainder in an
entail, the Lord Bonville enjoyed this (Blackburgh) and other
lands, notwithstanding the claim of Hungerford, Hill, and
Bamfield, the right heirs. The issue male (of Cobham) failed
in the time of Rich. II, 1377-99."

Secondly, Dame Katherine married John Wyke, of Nyne-
head-Flory, Somerset — he presented to the rectory of Black-
borough, in June, 1405, and died 12 Henry IV, 1411. Thirdly,

The Brook Family. 27

she married Humphrey Stafford, of Grrafton, Worcestershire,
and died 1st August, 1416.

They differenced the Cobham arms with eaglets for lions ^
and bore, Gules., on a chevron or, three eaglets displayed sable.

Cofibam,

OF KENT, ETC. — CONTINUED.

JOHN DE COBHAM, third Baron, was the eldest son of John
de Cobham, second Baron, by Joan Beauchamp, of Stoke-sub-
Hamdon, his first wife. He married about 1332-3, MARGARET,
eldest daughter of Hugh Court enay, second Earl of Devon, ob.
1377, by his wife Margaret, ob. 1392, daughter of Humphrey
de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Essex, by his wife the Princess
Elizabeth, seventh daughter of King Edward I ; and who
were then residing at Colcombe, in Colyton, Devon.

At their marriage the Earl appears to have settled sundry
lands on them, and on the 8th April, 1355, John de Cobham
gave a certain sum of money to his father-in-law, the Earl at
Colcombe, for the maintenance of his wife there, and the Earl's
receipt for the same is still in existence, which runs thus :

' ' Oonue chose soict a totes gentz que nous hughe de Corlenay counte de Deunes-
chire auons receu de Johaun de dobehaum chiualier filtz monsieur Johaun de
Cobehaum de Kent chiualier quynze lyures sys southe & oyct deniers pur le
sniourn et aultres necessaries Margarete de Cobehaum nostre fylle sa compaigne
del? terme de Pasche darroyne passe come pleynement aperct par endentures entre
nousfeates. Des queaux quynze lyures sys south & oyct deniers nous nous tenoms
pleynement estre paietz et lauaunct diet Johaun quytes par ice-tie* noz presentes
lectre* daquytaunce du nostre seal enseales. Done a Colecomb le viijme jour de
April Loan due regne nostre sognour le Roi Edward troys puis le conqueste
vynct & neofysme."

which may be thus rendered :

" Be it known to all people that we, Hugh de Courtenay, Earl of Devonshire,
have received of John de Cobham, Knight, son of Sire John de Cobham, of Kent,
Knight, fifteen pounds, six shillings, and eightpence, for the lodging and other
necessaries of Margaret de Cobharn, our daughter, his companion, from the term
of Easter last past, as fully appears from the indentures made between us. Of
which fifteen pounds, six shillings, and eightpence, we hold ourselves to be fully
paid, and the aforesaid John released by these our present letters of acquain-
tance with our seal attached. Given at Colcombe the 8th day of April, the 29th
year of the reign of our Lord King Edward the third after the Conquest."

28 Papers, fyc.

This John de Cobham was the last, as he was also the most
remarkable and influential representative of this the main
descent. Mr. J. G. Waller in his comprehensive and admir-
able account of the family of Cobham, in the Kent Arc/iceo-
logical Transactions.* gives this interesting sketch of his life.
and infers that at the time he gave the curious receipt :

He was then probably about to serve with the army in France, where
Edw. Ill, exasperated at the double dealing of Philip, had begun an active
campaign. At his father's death, in 1355, he became Lord of Cobham, was
first summoned to Parliament 20th September, the same year. In 1359, he
was in the great expedition to France, under Edw. III. In 13(52, he founded
and endowed Cobham College, for five priests, one to be the Warden, to say
masses for the repose of the souls of the founder's ancestors, for the good
estate of himself and family while living and all Christian souls. In 1366-7,
he was again in France, engaged in the war. In 1367, he was sent ambassador
to Rome, to obtain from Pope Urban V, the appointment of William of Wyke-
ham to the See of Winchester. In 1370 he was made a Banneret by the King
in person. In 1337 he served on several commissions in the public service.
In 1380-1, he had license to crenellate and fortify his mansion of Cowling, the
reconstruction of which he had commenced, and was in progress. In 1383. he
was sent to treat with the Count of Flanders, long at war with his subjects ;
and subsequently with the Duke of Lancaster and others, to conclude a peace
or truce with France. In 1386, he was appointed with others by Parliament to
examine into the state of the King's (Richard's) court, revenues, grants, etc. ; and
made one of the King's great and continual Council for one year. This Council,
which restrained the King's power was afterward to feel his full resentment.

The outcry against the King's rule made itself heard early in 1388, in the
memorable impeachment by the Commons of Michael de la Pole, Duke of
Suffolk, the Chancellor, and others. Among the names of the Lords Apellant,
we find that of John de Cobham. On the day fixed for the meeting of these
Commissioners, an armed ambuscade was placed at the Mews under the
command of Sir Nicholas Brembre, the Lord Mayor, to way-lay them on
their route to Westminster. Being duly warned they avoided the snare, and
then demanded a safe conduct under the King's own hand. On the day
appointed the Barons came well attended, and the records of Parliament
contain no more exciting scene. The Lords Appellant brought a long list
of charges against the accused, none of whom appeared, and in the presence
of the King, flung down their gages on the floor of the house, ready to
make them good by battle. [n the meantime Sir Robert Tresillian, the
Judge, one of the accused, was taken in disguise within the precincts of the
Abbey, and produced before the Lords. With great spirit he offered to defend
himself by wager of battle, but this was disallowed. Judgment was recorded
against him, and he was subsequently drawn on a hurdle to Tyburn, and there
executed. Subsequently the same fate befel Sir Nicholas Brembre

In 1389, he sat as a member of the Court of Chivalry, in the celebrated
case between Scrope and Grosvenor,f and on another in 1392, in the dispute
between Morley and Lovel, arid engaged in sundry other public official acts.
and useful services near his home. He then lost his wife, Margaret Courtenay,
and probably anticipating his dying without a direct heir, executed an elabo
rate deed of entail, which included several members of the family.

* From which we largely quote both here and elsewhere in this Paper, and
desire to render all acknowledgments and thanks.

f The venerable 'old Sir John Sully, K.G., before alluded to, gave evidence
in this case, on 2nd July, 1386, the Commissioner, John Kentwode, proceeded
to Tddesleigh, in Devon, and in the church there took the old knight's, and his
esquire, Richard Baker's evidence on oath. He must have been then 106 years old.

JOHN DE COBHAM, FOUNDER OF COBHAM COLLEGE.

COBHAM CHUKCH, KENT.

MARGARET COURTENAY, WIFE OF JOHN DE COBHAM.

COBHAM CHURCH.

The Brook Family. 29

It was only just in time. A Parliament had been assembled in which
the King had, by special writs to the Sheriffs, tampered directly with the
elections, and thus gained a party directly in his interest. Immediate steps
were taken against those who had acted upon the Commission of 1387-8, and
Lord Cobham fleeing to the Monastery of the Carthusians in London, renounced
the world. That did not protect him, for he was drawn from this seclusion,
and with Sir John Cheney, committed to the Tower. He was then brought
before the Parliament, which had already condemned the Earls of Warwick
and Arundel, the former having been banished and the latter executed, even in
contempt of accorded pardon.

The proceedings, as recorded in the Rolls of Parliament, are interesting,
as they certainly justify what the historians of the time had said, respecting
Cobham's simplicity and good faith. When called in question by the King,
concerning the Commission of 1388, he replied ' that touching the making of
the Commission he was not culpable, and touching the use and exercise of the
same Commission, he would not have used it, nor meddled with it, but with
the command of the King.' To which the King replied, 'that he was under
such governance at that time, that he could not otherwise say by reason of
those that were around him.'

Lord Cobham was adjudged guilty and condemned to be hanged, drawn,
and quartered. All his estates were confiscated. But, for mere shame, an
historian has said, the King commuted this sentence on the venerable noble
into banishment for life to Jersey, with the proviso, that if he escaped, the
sentence should have full effect. In this sentence there was a saving of entail,
which is worthy of note, as showing the jealousy of Parliament over estates
that might otherwise pass into the hands of the Crown. Not long afterwards,
this sentence was made an article of accusation against the King himself.

Two Lords Cobham were in exile at the same time, for Sir Reginald, second
Baron Cobham of Sterborough, was included in the condemnation. The numerous
and powerful families connected with them, the Arundels, Staffords, Beau-
champs, and others, each had their special wrongs against the King. Henry,
of Bolingbroke, was urged by the Archbishop of Canterbury, himself an exile,
to return. Starting from Vannes, in Brittany, and coasting along the shores of
England, he eventually landed at Ravenspurn, and among the few knights in
his train was Sir Reginald Cobham. The event is known as one of great
moment in our history. The exiled nobles returned, and Parliament called
King Richard to account for the sentences passed on Lord Cobham, and others
the Lords Appellant. A solemn surrender of the Crown took place in Parlia-
ment, which decreed that the deposed monarch should be placed in safe keeping,
and on the record appears the name of Lord Cobham. A few years later, he
signed the entail of the Crown upon the four sons of Henry IV, and this was
the last of his public acts.

His whole life was an unbroken succession of services rendered the State,
at one of the most critical periods of English history, when the power of Parlia-
ment was rapidly developing, and the Commons shewed themselves to be
growing in strength. There was no matter of public importance either at home
or abroad, in which his advice as a councillor or as a diplomatist, was not
sought or given. It is evident, even from the scanty information contained in
our records, that John de Cobham, the ' Founder,' must be placed among the
most eminent statesmen of his time.

He died 10th January, 1407-8, and must have reached a very advanced
age, for at least seventy-four years had elapsed since his marriage contract,
allowing for extreme youth at that time, he could scarcely have been less than
ninety- two."

Lady Margaret Cobham died on the 2nd of August, 1385,
and was buried in the chancel of Cobham church, where there
is a fine brass to her memory, with this inscription :

30 Papers, fyc.

" Sy gist dame Margarete cle Cobeham jadys fille a nolle Sr 1e
C'ounte dc Deucnschir feme le sire de Cobeham foundonr de
ceste place qe morust le secounde jor dil moys Dagust Ian
de grace Ml CCCLXXXV It time de qy deux eyt mercy.
Amen"

The arms are Cobham, and Cobham impaling Courtenay.
Although so far removed from Devon, she was destined to
have her distinguished brother, William Courtenay, located
comparatively near her a few years before her death, he
being successively translated to the See of London in 1375,
and elevated to the Archbishopric of Canterbury, in 1381.
Nor were her virtues and fine character forgotten in Devon
after her decease, for ten years later, Edmund Stafford,
Bishop of Exeter (he had been consecrated by her brother),
on the 10th of August, 1395 :

"Ordered public prayers throughout the diocese for the deceased ladies,
Margaret Cobham and Elizabeth Luttrell, sisters of the Primate, William
Courtenay, Archbishop of Canterbury, and describes them—

" Velut arbor in domo Domini, fructificans in vitae sanctitate et puritate ac
morum et actuum virtuosorum honcstate Domino studuerunt pro viribus com-
placere."

Which may be rendered :

" Like a tree in the house of the Lord, bearing fruit in holiness and purity of
life, and in dignity of conduct, and virtuous deeds, they studied to please the
Lord with (all) their might."

And the Bishop :

* ' Further to encourage the faithful who should assist at the solemn obser-
vances of the exequies of these distinguished ladies, and pray for their de-
parted souls, he grants an indulgence of forty days." — Oliver.

Elizabeth, Lady Luttrell, was the wife of Sir Andrew
Luttrell, of Chilton, and relict of Sir John de Vere — she died
1395.

The fine brass to John de Cobham's memory lies beside that
of his wife in Cobham church, he supports a church in his
hands, referable to his being the founder of the College. The
armour is interesting from its diverse character being com-
posed of banded chain-mail and plate, the covering of the
thighs and gauntlets being of cuir honilli. But it is doubtful
if he was buried here, the brass being probably laid down

The Brook Family. 31

during his life-time, and the inscription exhibits nothing

definite to confirm his interment beneath it :

" DC terre fu fait et four me, ct en Terre ct a Terre suy retonrnc,

Johan de Cobham fonndeur de cestc place qifu iadis nomine

Mercy de malme eit la seinte Trinite"
That is—
" Of earth ivas I made and formed, and into earth and to the

earth am I returned, who was formerly named Johan de

Cobham, Founder of this place. May the Holy Trinity

have mercy on my soul"

There is the record of a monument once existing in the
Church of the Grey Friars, in London, to a John de Cobham,
Baron of Kent, " in a tomb raised up at the end of that altar
by the door under the cross (transept) lies John de Cobham,
Baron of the County of Kent," and it is difficult to see to
whom this can refer if not to this John de Cobham. Stow, in
his account of this magnificent structure, gives a graphic des-
cription of the array of tombs then within it, and a long list
of the influential persons buried beneath them. Among them
he mentions " John Cobham, Baron of Kent," as being in-
terred " between the choir and the altar," and notes that " in
the choir," lay the Tyburn-executed Cornishman, "Sir Robert
Tresilian, Knight-Justice," and his unfortunate companion,
"Sir Nicholas Brembre, Mayor of London, buried 1386"-
previously referred to — of whom he adds, " he was Mayor in
1384 and 1385, was Knighted with Sir William Walworth
in 1384 ; and in 1387, as late Mayor of London, was this
year beheaded."

In addition to his being the founder of the College, he also
erected the original seat of the Cobham s, Cowling Castle,
near Rochester, early in the reign of Richard II. By his wife,
Margaret Courtenay, he left one daughter only, Johanna,
married to John de la Pole, of Chrishall, in Essex. He was
named as one of the Surveyors of his wife's mother, the Coun-
tess of Devon's will.

32 Papers, §-c.

De la Pole - Cofabam,

OP CHRISHALL, ESSEX.

JOHN de la Pole, who married Joan Cobham, only daughter
of John de Cobham and Margaret Courtenay, was the son of
William de la Pole, who was the son of Richard de la Pole,
to whom Edward III, in 1338, gave "for his extraordinary
merits," a thousand pounds sterling out of the Exchequer. He
was the second son of the noted Sir William de la Pole, the
great merchant of Kingston-upon-Hull, whose descendants
occupy a distinguished place in English history, a gallant and
highly gifted race, who, after attaining by merit and alliance,
the highest position and honours, were — similar to the Cob-
hams — summarily extinguished by Henry VIII, by the de-
capitation of Edmund de la Pole, the second duke of Suffolk,
on Tower Hill, 30th April, 1513 — the offence being his descent
from the House of York, his mother having been, unfortunately
for him, the Lady Elizabeth Plantagenet, sister to Edward IV
and Richard III.

William de la Pole, the father of John, married Margaret
Peverel. She was the sister and heiress of John Peverel, of
Castle- Ashby, in Northamptonshire, aftei whose death he held
Castle- Ashby and Milton, in right of his wife. She was
living in 1358, and he in 1362.

John Peverel, who was aged nineteen, at Easter, 1349, died
without issue, in November of the same year. He had mar-
ried Isabella Basset, and was the first of this lady's six
husbands. The birth and career of this lady was a remarkable
one. According to Burke, she was the daughter of Ralph,
the third Lord Basset, of Drayton, ob. ~ Q43 — but "it is doubt-
ful if this lady was legitimate or not." ./it the death of her
presumed brother, Ralph, fourth and last Lord Basset, in 1390,
s.p.-

"He devised his estates according to some authorities, to Sir Hugh Shirley,
his nephew, son of his sister, Isabel, upon condition he should assume the
surname and arms of Bassett, in failure of whicii. those estates were f o pass to

JOHN DE LA POLE AND JOAN DE COBHAM, HIS WIFE.

CHBESHAI.L CHURCH, ESSEX

JOHANNA DE LA POLE, LADY OF COBHAM.

COBHAM CHURCH.

The Brook Family. 33

Edmund Lord Stafford. It is certain, however, great disputes arose after his
decease, but it does not appear the Shirleys were engaged in it, nor did they
take the name of Bassett. "

Her second husband was Robert de Bradeston, who was
living 1350-1. The third, Robert Rigge, living 1357-8. The
fourth, Sir Thomas Shirley, who died before 1362. By him
she appears to be ancestress to Shirley, Earl Ferrers. The
fifth, Sir John de Wodhull, who died 1367-8.

Her sixth and last match is an interesting one as connected
with our little history. She married, as his second wife, Sir
Gerard Braybroke (fourth of that name, ob. 1403), the father
of Sir Reginald Braybroke, the second husband of Joan de la
Pole, who was the grand-daughter of her first husband's sister,
Margaret Peverel.*

John de la Pole and his wife, Joan Cobham, were buried in
the church of Chrishall, a parish in north-west Essex ; and of
their relationship there we learn :

" The manor of Chrishall was held under Lord Stafford by William and
Margaret de la Pole in 1351-58, and in 1399 by the heirs of John de la Pole,
from whom it passed to his descendants the Brookes. The exact year of Sir
John's death has not been ascertained ; his lady died before her father, Lord
Cobham, and that barony descended to their only daughter, Joan, and they
were both dead in 1389, as Lord Cobham had East Tilbury appropriated to his
College at Cobham in that year, to maintain two chaplains to sing for their
souls. The time of their deaths, however, would probably not affect the date
of the brass, as there is good reason to suppose that it was put down in their
lifetime, and perhaps soon after their marriage. Their daughter Joan was
born in 1377, and the costume of the figures, and the style of the brass is such
as to make it almost a certainty that it was executed about the year 1375, at
which time it is probable they also rebuilt the church, as their arms remain on
the south door, and many parts of the building are of late Decorated or Transition
character." — Archceoloyical Journal, vol. iv, p. 338, by Mr. C. J. MANNING.

At this time, 1847, the brass lay in the nave, partly hidden
by the seats ; the canopy mutilated, and the supporting shafts
gone. Of the marginal inscription, only the words " safemme
pricz" (his wife, pray ye) remained, and but one shield, that
between the heads of the figures, Pole impaling Cobham, is
noted.

he brass now lies in the pavement of the west end of the

>uth aisle. It has been almost completely restored, inclusive
of two shields bearing respectively Pole and Cobham over the

* Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, vol. ii, New Series, 1874, p. 61, by
Mr. E. W. BRABROOK.

Vol. XLI V (Third Series, Vol. I V), Part II. e

34 Papers, fyc.

canopy. Nothing has been added to the three words re-
maining of the original inscription.

The costume of the figures is very similar to that of the
lady's father and mother at Cobham — the knight shews the
gradual change to plate armour — and the close-buttoned bodice
and long dependant lappets of the lady's sleeves are note-
worthy. The joined hands is not an unusual attitude found
on brasses o£ that era.

If they did not wholly rebuild the church, as has been sur-
mised, it is probable they added the south aisle, which was
apparently a chantry chapel. At its east end in the south
wall, under the first window, and in the usual situation of
founders' tombs near the altar, is a recessed tomb, with low
canopied arch, having sculptured leaf-ornament running round
its edge. Within it is the recumbent figure of a lady, in
costume almost exactly similar to the ladv in the brass. There
is no inscription, nor is it known who it commemorates. If a
surmise may be hazarded, it may represent Margaret de la
Pole (Peverel), the mother of John of the brass ; as herself
and husband held the manor of Chrishall before their son
John. On each side of the doorway of the porch leading into
this aisle is a shield, with sculptured bearings — that on the
dexter side, although considerably denuded, was evidently
charged with the parent coat of De la Pole — (Argent) a fess
between three leopards' heads (or). The other, in better preser-
vation, De la Pole of Chrishall (Azure) two bars ncbulee (or).

According to Morant, the manor of Chrisall-Bury was held
by Ralph, Lord Stafford, ob. 1372, and his heirs ; Thomas,
Lord Stafford held it in 1392, as three parts of a fee, and the
heirs of John de la Pole under him, and afterward Sir John
Harpenden (fifth husband of Joan de la Pole) held it.

Joan de Cobham was married to John de la Pole in 1362,
and both were dead before 1389 ; thus predeceasing her father
who died in 1407-8, and leaving one daughter Joan, who at
her grandfather's death became Lady of Cobham.

The Brook Family. 35

3[oan De ia

LADY OF COBHAM, IN KENT.

JOAN de la Pole became Lady of Cobham at her grand-
father's death, on 10th January, 1407-8 ; at the date of which
event she had been widow to two husbands, and was married
to a third.

Doubtless as a great heiress in prospective, as also of the
barony of Cobham, her hand was eagerly sought for, and she
was of youthful age when married to her first husband, Sir
Robert Hemendale, and after his death in 1391, she was suc-
cessively wedded to Sir Reginald Braybroke, Sir Nicholas
Hawberk, Sir John Oldcastle, and Sir John Harpenden,
notices of whom will follow.

As shewn on her brass she appears to have had ten children
by her several husbands, six sons and four daughters, but a
portion of them, six only, have been assigned to their fathers.
A son, William, to Sir Robert Hemendale ; two sons, Reginald
and Robert, and a daughter, Joan, to Sir Reginald Braybroke ;
a son, John, to Sir Nicholas Hawberk ; and a daughter, Joan,
to Sir John Oldcastle.

Little further is known of her. She died in 1433, and was
buried in the chancel of the church of St. Mary Magdalen,
Cobham, with her ancestors and two of her husbands, and
where there is her brass effigy. She is habited in gown with
robe over and long dependant coverchief to the shoulders. A
little dog with collar and bells sits at her feet. At her right
are six sons, and at her left four daughters. Over her head a
scroll, " Jtiu m'cy, Lady help," and two other scrolls, one on
each side, " Jhu -mercy." Below this inscription —
"Hicjacet Johanna cCna de Cobttm quonda ux d'ni Reginaldi
Braybrook militis gue obiit in die Sancti Hillary Ep*i Anno
d'ni Millm'o CCCCO XXXIIJO Cuius a'fe p'picie?
deus. Amen."

Arms — six shields — 1, Cobham ; 2, Cobham impaling Cour-

36 Papers, £c.

tenay ; 3, A fess between six cross-crosslets (PEVEREL, of
Castle-Ashby), and De la Pole, quarterly, impaling Cobham ;
4, Quarterly, Cobham and De la Pole ; 5, Braybroke, impaling
Cobham ; 6, Brook, impaling Cobham.

Her death would have occurred on the 13th January, 1433-4.
Her only surviving child, Joan, by Sir Eeginald Braybroke, it
was who became Lady of Cobham, and married Sir Thomas
Brook, the younger, of Olditch and Weycroft.

J&emenDale = De ia

THE first of the five husbands of Joan de la Pole, Lady of
Cobham, was Sir Robert Hemendale, or Hemenhale, of a
knightly family in Norfolk, both of them being very young at
the time of the marriage. She had one son by him named
William, who died in infancy. His death occurred in 1391,
and he was buried in Westminster Abbey.

Morant says " Sir Ralph Hemenhale held the manor of Rad-
winter Hall, in Essex, and advowson of the church, afterward
by Sir Robert, and subsequently by the family of Cobham."

The arms of Hemenhale, of Norfolk, are given as Argent,
on a fess between two chevrons gules, three escallops or.

TBrapfirofee = De la Pole.

THE second husband of Joan de la Pole, Lady of Cobham,
was Sir Reginald Braybroke, the second son of Sir Gerard
Braybroke, knt., third of that name, ob. 1403, by his first
wife, Margaret, daughter and heiress of John de Lungevile, and
widow of Sir Peter Saltmershe. Secondly his father married
Isabella Bassett, being the last of her six husbands, already
referred to. She died in 1393.

Sir Reginald died 20th September, 1405, at Middleburg, on
the Scheldt, in Flanders. He appears to have had three

SIR REGINALD BRAYBROKE.

COBHAM CHURCH.

SIR NICHOLAS HAWBERK.

COBHAM CHL'ECH.

The Brook Family.

children by his wife, the Lady Joan : Reginald and Robert.,
sons, who predeceased him, and a daughter, Jolianna, who, of
all her mother's five unions and ten children, was finally the
only surviving child, and who married Sir Thomas Brook.

Sir Reginald is commemorated by one of the splendid brasses
in the chancel of Cobham church. He wears the chain and
plate armour of the period, and his two deceased sons stand on
pedestals, one on each side.

The inscription reads. —

" Hie iacet d'ns Reginaldus Braybrok Miles filim Gerardi Bray-
brok Militis etc maritus d*ne Johanne d'nc de Cobtim heredis
dni de CobJim fundatoris istius Collcgii, qui quidem Reyi-
naldus obiit apud MyddeUmryh in Flandrea vicesimo die
mensis Septembris Anno domini MilTmo Quadrinyentcsimo
Quinto Cuius anime propicietur deus. Amen, AMEN.'1''
The inscriptions on his sons' pedestals record —
Hicjacet Reginald* fill eor.
Hicjacet Robert* fill eor.

The arms are, 1, Seven mascles voider/, three, three, and one
(BRAYBROKE) and Braybroke impaling Cobham.

MIDDELBURG, ON THE SCHELDT, HOLLA.ND.

38 Papers, §-c.

The Braybrokes were ecclesiastically connected with Devon.
Nicholas Bray broke, presumably uncle to Sir Reginald, was
Vicar of Bideford, and he exchanged with his brother Robert
for the Archdeaconry of Cornwall, in 1381. He was Canon
and Prebendary of Exeter, Bosham, and Crantock ; also Canon
of St. Paul's, London. He died about 1399-1400. He was
also librarian to Bishop Bitton, 1291-1307, mentioned as such
at the beginning of Bishop Bronscombe's Register.

Robert Braybroke was instituted Vicar of Bideford, 26th
July, 1381. The patron was John Grenville (son and heir of
Sir Theobald Grenville, deceased), who was married to Mar-
garet, daughter of Ismania Hanham (elder sister of Dame
Johanna Brook), by her second husband, Sir John Burghersh.

These brothers, says Dr. Oliver, " were of a noble family in
the county of Northampton, founders of our Lady's Chantry,
in the episcopal palace of London, adjoining the nave of St.
Paul's Cathedral. He (Robert) became Bishop of London,
5th January, 1382, died 27th August, 1404." They were
named as executors and administrators to the will of Bishop
Grandison, of Exeter.

= SDe ia

THE third husband of Joan de la Pole, Lady of Cobham, was
Sir Nicholas Hawberk. His marriage life was of short dura-
tion— about two years — as Sir Reginald Braybroke died 20th
September, 1405, and Sir Nicholas on 9th October, 1407.
One son, John, appears to have been born and predeceased
him. Sir Nicholas died at Cowling Castle, the other and older
residence of the Cobhams, a few miles distant, near Rochester.
On 19th December, 1396, in succession to Sir John Golofre,
deceased, he was appointed Constable of Flint Castle, Sheriff
and Raglor, or Steward of Flintshire, and Mayor of Flint
borough : offices he held until his death, having been re-
appointed by Henry IV, on his accession to the throne ; and

The Brook Family. 39

was holding them when that monarch made Richard II a
prisoner in Flint Castle. Sir Nicholas maintained four men-
at-arms and twelve archers within the fortress, at the then
considerable annual expense of £146. Subsequently he was
one of the six knights forming the train of Queen Isabella,
widow of Richard II, on her return to France in 1401. He
was also in the escort of Henry IV when he visited Cologne
in 1402, to attend Blanche his eldest daughter's marriage with
Louis, Count Palatine of the Rhine, Duke of Bavaria.

In the jousting at Smithfield in 1393, Stow records that —

' ' Sir William Darell, knt. , the King's banner-bearer of Scotland, challenged
Sir Pierce (Peter) Courtenay, the King's banner-bearer of England, and when
they had run certain courses, gave over without conclusion of victory. Then
Cookebourne, esquire, of Scotland, challenged Sir Nicholas Hawberke, knt.,
and rode five courses, but Cookebourne was borne over, horse and man."

He was twice married : his first wife's name was Matilda,

and she was living 1 Henry IV (1399-1400), but nothing is

known of her parentage. By deed dated three days before

his death, he left all his goods and chattels (except one hundred

shillings in silver, which he reserved to Sir Hugh Luttrell

and others) in trust for his wife, which was duly confirmed the

same year. Nothing is known of his parentage : there is no

family of the name, and he was probably "a soldier of fortune."

His memorial in Cobham Church is considered one of the

finest military brasses in existence. The inscription records —

" Hicjacet cCns Nicholaus Hawberk miles quondam maritus d'ne

Jotine d'ne de Cobtim heredis (fni Joh'is de Coblim fun-

datoris istius Collegii qui quidem Nicholaus obiit Castrii de

Cowling nono die Octobris, Anno domini MiVmo quadringen-

tesimo septimo. Cuius anime propicietur deus. Amen."

Under his son —

"Hicjacet Johns fill cor.

The arms are of an unusual and remarkable blazon — Cheeky,
argent and gules, a chief champourne gules and or. His arms
in both shields in the brass had been wilfully defaced as if by
heralds in the officious exercise of their craft. Hawberk by
them was evidently not considered entitled to bear arms.

40 Papers, fyc.

= De ia

THE fourth husband of Joan de la Pole, Lady of Cobham,
was Sir John Oldcastle. He was the son of Sir Richard Old-
castle, a family in Herefordshire, where there is a village so
named, but it is presumed that Almeby Castle in that county
which belonged to the Oldcastles gave the surname. The
name of his mother is not known, but he was born about 1360,
and Sheriff of Herefordshire, 7 Henry IV (1405-6). He was
thrice married : his first wife was named Katherine, but of
what family is not known, of his second nothing at all, except
that she bore him four children — a son, Henry, who is alluded
to in Pat., 7 Henry VI (1429), wherein he is styled "Henry
Oldcastle, son and heir of John Lord Cobham" and three
daughters, Katherine, Joan, and Maud.

His marriage with the Lady of Cobham must have taken
place before 26th October, 1409, when he was summoned as a
Baron to Parliament as Lord Oldcastell, by writ directed to
"Johanni Oldcastell Ch'Tr" to 22nd March, 1413-4.

The life of Sir John Oldcastle, so well known as "the
Lollard Martyr," and " the good Lord Cobham," his conscien-
tious conviction, dauntless courage, bitter persecution and
cruel death, is one of the best known and strongly contested
episodes of English history, and it would be altogether beyond
the province or limit of this paper, to give anything like an
outline of it, even of ascertained facts. Suffice it to say, after
great vicissitudes, he was brought for trial before his clerical
accusers, before whom he made what has been termed a clear,
manly, courageous, enlightened defence, but as a matter of
course was condemned by the Church as a heretic, leaving
him to the civil power for judgment. Committed to the Tower,
he from thence contrived to escape into Wales, where he hid
himself, and for four years remained in comparative safety.
Unfortunately a rising of the Lollards took place in London,
under Sir Eoger Acton, in St. Giles1 Fields, which was sup-

. CLITHEROW, DAUGHTER OF SIR JOHN OLDCASTLE.

ASH CHL'KCH, KENT.

SIR JOHN HARPENDEN.

WESTMINSTER ABBEY

The Brook I Family. 41

pressed by the King's forces. Naturally — although there was
no proof of such — Sir John Oldcastle's name and influence
was associated with it : a proclamation and reward of a
thousand marks was offered for his capture, dead or alive, and
shortly after at Bromiarth, in Montgomeryshire, four tenants
of Edward Charletoun, Earl of Powis, discovered and arrested
him, after some resistance in which he was grievously wounded,
and, continues Mr. Waller —

" He was brought to London, and produced before the Lords of Parliament,
the Duke of Bedford presiding, when the former judgment for heresy was
recorded against him. On his endeavouring to defend himself, the Chief
Justice told him he could not be allowed to waste the time of the Lords, and he
was adjudged 'traitor to God and heretic,' also 'traitor to the King and King-
dom,' and sentenced to be drawn through the city of London, as far as the
4 novelles furckes,' in the parish of St. Giles, beyond the Bar of the Old Temple
of London, and then be hung and burnt hanging, On Christmas day, 1417, this
terrible sentence was carried out. There was an immense concourse of specta-
tors, at the newly appointed place of execution, recently moved from the Elms
in Smithtield, to the front gate of St. Giles' Hospital, at that time surrounded
by fields, and distant from London. Near the1 unfortunate Oldcastle stood old
Sir Thomas Erpingham, whom he is said to have asked to seek peace for his
sect, if he arose from the dead in three days. We must distrust the monkish
chronicler, who has words of insult for the unfortunate man in this supreme
hour, and there is nothing in the authentic accounts of Sir John Oldcastle to
suggest that he was a victim of fanatical delusion."

Apparently the infliction of this dreadful sentence was in-
tended to have a double significance ; he was first hanged as
a traitor for his offence against the civil power, and after-
ward burnt as a heretic in accordance with his condemnation
by the ecclesiastical.

The married life of the Lady of Cobham with Sir John
Oldcastle was not to be envied, and she could have seen but
little of him during its term of about five years, for in 1413 he
became a fugitive in hiding, and it is probable she never saw
him afterward in the interval before his death in 1417. She
apparently had one daughter by him named Joan, who died
young.

A daughter of Sir John Oldcastle, presumably by his second
wife, married Richard Clitherow, Esq., of Ash, near Sandwich,
Sheriff of the county of Kent, 4 and 5 Henry IV (1403-4),
Admiral of the Seas from the Thames westward. They were
buried in Ash Church, where is their memorial, a large flat

Vol. XLI V (Third Series, Vol. I V), Part II. f

42 Papers, §r.

stone under the tower, which originally covered a tomb in the
chancel. On it is the indent of a fine brass of a man and his
wife under a double canopy with pinnacles, four shields at the
top, and of six children at the bottom, the border inscription
is also gone. Of this once very handsome brass, only the
upper half of the lady and part of the canopy over her, remains.

She appears on the right-hand side of her husband, as a
widow clad in gown with mantle or cloak over, barbe under
the chin, and cover-chief falling to the shoulders. Weever
gives this portion of the inscription as remaining in his time :

" Hie jacet Clitherow Ar : Sf uxor ejas, filia

Johannis Oldcastell, qui obiit . . ."

The shields from recorded evidence appear to have been
charged, 1, Within a bordurc engrailed, three covered cups
(CLITHEROW) impaling, a Castle triple-towered (OL,T>CASTL,E) ;
2, Clitherow alone ; 3, Oldcastle, quartering, party per pale, a
double-headed eagle displayed. And this appears to be the only
surviving memorial relating to Sir John Oldcastle or his
family.

With regard to the arms of Sir John Oldcastle, in an in-
denture made between him and his wife Johanna of the one
part, and Sir Thomas Brook on the other (query of the mar-
riage of Johanna Bray broke and Thomas Brook, elsewhere
referred to) the seal exhibits Quarterly, one and four a
Castle, two and three Cobham, and was circumscribed with
" Sigillum Johannis Oldcastle, D'ni de Cobliam."

His arms are also found in the roof of the cloisters of Can-
terbury Cathedral, and their blazon is given both as Argent, a
Castle triple-towered and embattled sable, and Argent, a tower
triple-towered sable, chained, transversed, the port, or.

!£>arpenDen - De la

THE fifth and last husband of Joan de la Pole, Lady of Cob-
ham, was Sir John Harpenden. The circumstance of the

The Brook Family. 43

dreadful fate of her preceding husband does not appear to have
deterred her from again entering the matrimonial state.

He was " of a good knightly family in Hertfordshire," and
a Sir John Harpenden — probably his father — is mentioned by
Froissart as being of good service in the wars with France,
and Seneschal of Bordeaux.

According to Boutell (Brasses and Slabs, p. 66) "he married
three wives, one of whom was a daughter of Sir John Old-
castle " — evidently a mistake for " the widow." The date of
his marriage with the Lady Joan is not recorded, but as she
was born about 1377, and Sir John Oldcastle was executed in
1417, she would have been still comparatively young, and
lived sixteen years afterward, dying in 1433, and Sir John
Harpenden survived her twenty-four years, and died in 1458.
There was no issue of this marriage.

Morant, in his History of Essex, speaks of Sir John Har-
penden holding the manor of Chrishall-Bury in that county,
the inheritance that descended to his wife as the only daughter
of John de la Pole, and by fine passed it to Thomas Brook
(the younger, husband of his step-daughter Joan Bray broke)
and that his descendant, George Brook, Lord Cobham, and
Ann (Bray), his wife, alienated it by license, 21st October,
1544, to Thomas Crawley, the manor consisting of near a
thousand acres of land, twenty messuages, and twenty cottages.

Sir John Harpenden was never summoned to Parliament,
and does not appear to have been recognised as Lord of
Cobham.

Similar to her first husband Sir Robert Hemendale, Sir
John Harpenden was buried in Westminster Abbey. His
monument is in the north choir aisle, and consists of a grey
marble stone on a low tomb whereon is inlet his brass effigy,
habited in complete plate armour : his feet rest on a lion, his
head on a helmet with crest — out of a ducal coronet, a hind's
head, couped at the shoulders. There are four shields — 1, on a
mullet, or estoile of six points, a roundel, thereon a martlet

44 Papers, fyc.

(HARPENDEN), impaling, quarterly, one and four, Mortimer,
two and three, a plain cross (ST. GEORGE) ; 2, Harpenden,
impaling, on a chevron, three mullets or estoiles wavy ; 3, Har-
penden impaling Cobham ; 4, Harpenden alone. The ledger
inscription has disappeared.

The tinctures of the Harpenden arms are given as Argent,
on a mullet of six points gules, a bezant, charged with a martlet
sable ; other branches of the family in Gloucestershire and
Oxfordshire, bore the mullet sable.

The armour and appointments of the knight are almost
identical with those found on the brass of Thomas Chedder,
ob. 1442-3, in Cheddar Church.

C&ettoer,

OF BRISTOL AND CHEDDAR, AND THEIR DESCENDANTS.

THE antient Somersetshire family of Cheddre, or de Cheddre,
it may be fairly surmised, acquired their name from the parish
so-called in the centre of that county, although the earliest
recorded mention of them comes from the city of Bristol,
where it may be inferred they migrated, and after fortune had
favoured them to become opulent and influential citizens, agcain
returned to the original home of their race.

The first of these was John de Cheddre, who was Steward of
Bristol, 1288-9, and 1291-2, and subsequently M.P. for that
city in 1298, being the second parliamentary representative of
Bristol, whose name has been preserved. To him succeeded a
John de Cheddre, who, in 1334, conveyed some property in
Redcliffe Street, and was probably M.P. for Bristol in 1369.

To these followed two brothers, Robert and William Chedder.

William Chedder, the younger brother, died without issue.
His will is dated 21st November, 1382, and was proved 27th
February, 1382-3, wherein he desires to be buried in the
Chapel of the Blessed Mary, in Cheddar Church, leaves

THOMAS CHEDDER.

CHEDDAR CHURCH, SOMKRSKT.

ISABEL SCOBAHULL, WIFE OF THOMAS CHEDDER.

CHEDDAR CHUKCH.

The Brook Family. 45

sundry legacies to that fabric and religious houses, and dona-
tions to the needy poor of Cheddar and Axbridge. The
residue of his goods he leaves to Agues, his wife, and appoints
his brother Robert one of his executors.

Robert Cheddcr was Bailiff of Bristol in 1351-2, Mayor in
1360-1, and is the first of the family recorded in existing
documents as holding possessions in Cheddar. In 1362, therein
described as of Bristol, and executor of William Hussee, he
gave a bond to Ralph (de Salopia), Bishop of Bath and Wells,
for "two hundred pounds left to the church by the said
William." Soon after this a chantry was established in
Cheddar Church, of the annual value of ten marks, on behalf
of our present King Edward, and the benefit of his soul after
death. This was the " Chauntrie of Oure Lady," and situate
on the north side of the chancel, the descendants of Chedder
retaining the patronage of the advowson.

Robert Chedder married Johanna, younger daughter of
Simon Hannap, or Hanham, of Gloucestershire, and by her had
four sons who all appear to have been born in Bristol — Richard,
on 9th September, 1379, one of the knights of the Shire for
the county, 1407, 1413, 1417, 1421, and 1426 : Robert, 28th
October, 1380, and living in 1425 : William, 14th December,
1381 : and Thomas, their only surviving son and heir : the
other brothers appear to have died without issue.

He survived his brother William one year only, his will is
dated 21st March, 1382-3, and proved 30th June, 1384. He
desires his body to be buried in the Chapel of St. Mary, de
novo fundata, gives sundry religious legacies, and to his son
Richard " vj Ciphos vocaf Bolles de aryento," and other plate,
to William Draper, clerk, a third best cup, which was then at
Cheddar, and the residue of his goods to Joan his wife, who,
with William Draper, and William Bierden, were to be his
executors.

Robert Chedder and Joan his wife, appear to have been the
possessors of considerable property, including the manors of

46 Papers, fyc.

Iddesleigh and Ashreigny, in Devon, together with the advow-
son of Ashreigny, in 1383-8, then held by the venerable Sir
John de Sully, K.G., whose heir, the said Robert probably
was. Sir Thomas Broke presented to Iddesleigh, in 1425-6,
and Isabel, relict of Thomas Chedder, Esq., in 1474.

Johanna Chedder, widow of Robert Chedder, married
secondly as we have seen, Sir Thomas Brook, of Olditch, and
died 10th April, 1437.

Thomas Chedder, heir to his father Robert Chedder, married
Isabel Scobahull. She was of an antient and important family,
who owned and had their residence on a manor so-named in
South-Pool, a parish abutting on the mouth of the Kings-
bridge estuary, immediately opposite Salcombe, in South
Devon. It is now a farm known as Scoble, and tradition
states the present farm-house occupies the site of the former
manor-house. The Scobahulls held it for about two centuries,
from temp. Henry III to Henry V.

Thomas de Scobahull was Sheriff of Devon, 19, 20, and 21
Edward I (1291-2-3). Thomas Scobahull married Margery,
sister and coheir of Robert Coffin, of Coffinswell. Thomas
had issue Sir Robert, of Coffinswell (19 Edw. II, 1324), who
had issue Sir Thomas (7 Edw. Ill, 1334), who married Edith,
daughter of Sir Roger Prideaux, of Orcherton, Knt. (55 Henry
III, 1273), by his wife Joan, daughter of Sir William Bigbury
(4 Edw. II, 1311). Thomas had issue Robert, which, by Elinor
, left four daughters, coheiresses — Joan, wife of Wil-
liam Holbeame; Isabel, wife of Thomas Chedder; Elizabeth,
wife of Robert Kirkham ; and a daughter — the second — married
to Nicholas Speccot, who inherited the manor of Scobahull.

Of the residences of the Chedders, in Cheddar, Rutter
(edition 1829) thus notices their remains :

" At the entrance of the village from Axbridge is a farm house which formed
part of the manor house of John de Cheddar. The surrounding wall has been

castellated, but the only part of the building remaining tolerably entire is the
Hall, now used as a stable and granary, the ornamented chimney-turret, to-
gether with fragments of arches and mullions of windows, are lying about in a

The Brook Family. 47

In a field a little on the north-east of the road leading to Wells, about a
quarter of a mile from Cheddar, stood the mansion of Thomas Cheddar, where
the foundations may be easily traced."

Thomas Cheddar died 1442-3 (Inq. p. mortem, 21 Henry
VI), holding eighty-four messuages in Bristol, the manor of
Cheddar, and several others in Somerset. Also estates in
Gloucestershire, Dorset, Devon, and Cornwall. He left two
daughters, his coheiresses, Joan and Isabel — his widow, Isabel,
survived him more than thirty years.*

On the table of a high tomb, under an elegant floriated
canopy, on the north side of the chancel of Cheddar Church,
is the presumed brass effigy of Thomas Chedder, ob. 1442-3.
He is in the complete plate armour of the period, whose ap-
pointments exactly correspond with those of Sir John Har-
penden, ob. 1458 (the fifth husband of Joan de la Pole, Lady
of Cobham), in Westminster Abbey. His feet rest on a lion,
the four shields and border inscription are gone.

The brass effigy of Isabel Scobahull, his wife, is in the pave-
ment immediately in front of her presumed husband's tomb.
She is attired as a widow, with barbe (under the chin, shewing
she was not of noble parentage or position), large cover-chief
that depends to the shoulders, gown with cloak over, fastened
across the breast with cordon and tassels. No inscription
remains, and three of the four shields are gone, but the re-
maining one is, fortunately, preserved in its proper position at
the sinister corner of the stone, and identifies the lady. It is
charged with Chedder, impaling, Argent, three fleurs-de-tys
gules, in chief a label oj three azure (SCOBAHULL). The arms
of Scobahull are also found among the old painted glass col-
lected in the south transept window, both with and without
the label. She was alive in 1474.

The history of the descent from the two daughters of
Thomas Chedder is interesting, as connected with the county
of Somerset.

* For many of these particulars the compiler is indebted to the paper on the
Family of Chedder, by Mr. W. George, in the Som. Arch, and Nat. Hist.
Society's Proceedings, vol. xxxiv, p. 114.

48 Papers, fyc.

Calbot =

JOAN Chedder, the eldest — called after her grandmother,
Lady Brook — was a widow at the date of her father's death,
having married as her first husband, Richard Stafford. She
secondly made a distinguished match with John Talbot, the
eldest son of John Talbot, the " great " Earl of Shrewsbury,
by his second wife, Margaret Beauchamp. It will be necessary
to trace the descent of this Countess, to account for the
disastrous circumstances that resulted in the premature death
of her grandson.

Thomas, fifth Lord Berkley, married Margaret, daughter
and heiress of Gerard Warren, second Lord L'Isle — ob. 1381
— by Alice his wife, daughter and heir of Henry Lord Tyes,
" the marriage being solemnized at Wengrave, in Bucks, the
said Lord L'Isle's house." She died at Wotton-under-Edge,
20th March, 1392, "and lieth buried in the church there,
under a fair tomb." He made his will in 1415, and died 13th
July, 1416, and was buried beside his wife.

They left one daughter, Elizabeth, then about thirty yepi's
of age, married to Richard Beauchamp, fifth Earl of Warwick,
who died at Rouen, 5th April, 1439 (whose fine effigy is in
St. Mary's Church, Warwick) leaving with other issue, his
eldest daughter Margaret, Avho became the second wife of
John Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury, and mother of John Talbot,
Viscount L'Isle, who married Johanna Chedder. The Coun-
tess died 14th June, 1468, and was buried in the Jesus Chapel
in St. Paul's Cathedral, London, "where was this inscription
to her memory upon a pillar within it."

' ' Here before tJie image of Jesus, lyetk the right worshipful and noble Lady
Margaret, Countess of Shrewsbury, late wife of the true and victorious Knight,
John Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury. Which worshipful man died at Guienfor the
right of this land.

She was the first daughter and one of the heirs of the right famous and
renowned Knight, Richard Beauchamp, late Earl of Warwick (which died at
Roan) and of Dame Elizabeth his wife, the which Elizabeth was daughter and
heir to Thomas, late Lord Berkley, on his side ; and on her mother's side Lady
L'Isle and Tyes.

MONUMENT OP JOAN CHEDDER, VISCOUNTESS L'ISLE.

WELLS CATHEDRAL.

Boscoe Gibbs del.

SIR JOHN NEWTON AND ISABEL CHEDDER, HIS WIFE.

YATTON CHURCH, SOMERSET.

The Brook Family. 49

Which Countess passed from this world the fourteenth day of June, in the year
of our Lord, 1468. On whose soul, Jesus have mercy. Amen."

John Talbot, her eldest son, second husband of Johanna
Chedder, was created Baron L'Isle, of Kingston L'Isle, a
manor and hamlet in the parish of Sparsholt, Berks, an antient
inheritance of the L'Isles, then possessed by him, 26th July,
1443, sibi hceredibus et assignatis, and afterward, 30th October,
1452, Viscount L'Isle, sibi et h&redibus masculis de corpore suo.

He was engaged with his father in the war with France,
and we learn that —

4 ' The year next ensuing, his father being then constituted Lieutenant of the
Duchy of Acquitane, and he one of the Captains there under him, he was by
indenture retained to serve the King there for one quarter of a year, with two
Bannerets, four Knights, seventy-three Men-at-Arms, on horseback, and eight
hundred Archers on foot, receiving for himself six shillings per diem, for his
two Bannerets four shillings apiece, for his seven Knights two shillings, for the
Men-at-Arms twelve pence, and for the Archers sixpence apiece."

And there with his father, the Earl, he was destined to die,
under circumstances similar to the unfortunate Bonvilles,
although not engaged in internecine strife (that fate was re-
served for his son), but sustaining the fame of English valour
in a neighbour's territory, for he was slain with his father at
Chastillon, July, 1453. "The Earl of Shrewsbury/' Dugdale
narrates —

" Hearing that the French had besieged Chastillon he advanced thither and
} gave them battle, but the event of that day's work (though for a while it stood
I doubtful) at length proved fatal to the English, for this renowned General
| being smitten from his horse Toy a cannon bullet there ended his life, whereupon
i his whole army became presently routed."

And as to his son John Talbot's death, Rapin thus notices

it—

"The English overpowered by numbers began to give ground. The Earl of

occasion, where he might be still serviceable to his country. But Talbot rather
than basely fly, chose to die by the Earl, his father, who also presently after
resigned his breath."

Dugdale thus gives the Earl's epitaph as occuring at Whit-
church, in Salop, to which church his body was conveyed and
buried, and where his effigy is still found, but with no inscrip-
tion remaining —

I Vol.X

. I

'ol. XLIV (Third Series, Vol. IV), Part II.

50 Papers, §*c.

"Orate, pro anima prcenobilis domini, domini Johannis Talbot, quondam
Comitis SalopcR, domini Furnivall, domini Verdon, domini Strange de Blackmere,
et M areschalli Francice, qui obiit in bello apud JBurdews, vij Julii, MCCCCLIJI."

It is not recorded whether the body of his son was also
brought to England for burial.

Johanna Chedder, the Viscount's widow, survived him just
eleven years, dying 15th July, 1464, and was buried in Wells
Cathedral.

The monument assigned to her is in the south transept. It
is very handsome, and consists of a low tomb, under a high
ogee canopy, originally richly painted and gilded, but is now
greatly tarnished and injured, and was almost concealed from
view, until early in the present century, by being plastered up,
which obstruction was then removed. The inscription is on a
square brass plate at the back of the canopy, and has the ap-
pearance of being of later date than the monument, although
L eland saw and copied it within a century of the date of her
death. It contains the following :

" Hie jacet Joanna Vicecomitissa de Lisle uua jiliarum ct hcere-
dum ThomcR Chedder armiger quce fuit uxor Joannis Vice-
comitis de Lisle filii et hceredis Joannis Comitis Salopia ct
Margaretce ux* ejus unins Jiliarum et hceredum Ricardi
Comitis Warwici et Elizabethan uxoris ejus jilioe et hceredis
Thomce de Berkeley militis domini de Berkeley, qtice obiit
XV™ die mensis Julii Ann D'i MCCCCLXHL"

Apparently there was a high tomb beneath the canopy of
this monument, which has been removed. This is evidenced
by the niches at the back, now devoid of sculpture, which
terminate at about the height where the table o£ the tomb
would meet them. The lettering on the brass plate is of com-
paratively modern form, arid the inscription preserved from
Leland's description, who copied it from the original tomb,
then in existence, and which was afterward probably destroyed
when the monument was mutilated and plastered up.

There were three children, Thomas, son and heir, and two
daughters, Elizabeth and Margaret.

The Brook Family. 51

Thomas Talbot, son of John Talbot and Johanna Chedder,
second Viscount, at his father's death was committed to the
tuition of his grandmother, Margaret, Countess of Shrewsbury,
twenty marks per annum being allowed for his maintenance
during his minority. At her death she left him the manors of
Wotton and Simondsall, with the borough of Wotton, and
much other property. He was then nineteen years of age
and married. His wife was Margaret, daughter of William
Herbert, first Earl of Pembroke, the unfortunate commander
of the Yorkists, executed at Northampton by the Lancastrians
after the battle of Danesmore, in 1469, where he was defeated
owing to the defection of Humphrey Stafford (of Suthwyke),
Earl of Devon, who deserted him immediately before the
engagement with his contingent of archers, and for which
act of treachery, Stafford was beheaded at Bridgwater soon
after, and his body buried in Glastonbury Abbey Church,
under the central tower.

This unfortunate young man, like his father and grand-
father before him, was fated to meet his death in sanguinary
conflict — not fighting the adversaries of his native country
abroad, but in a deadly family broil at home.

The origin of the feud appears to have arisen over the
question (which has been diligently investigated by historians
of the peerage, and apparently never satisfactorily settled) as
to whether the Barony of Berkley, created by writ of summons
23 Edw. 1 (1295), descended as such, or otherwise whether
the tenure of the Castle of Berkley conferred the Barony, on
which, William Lord Berkley, then in possession of it, founded
his claim and assumed the title.

The young Viscount L'Isle was the lineal descendant of his
great great-grandmother, Elizabeth, only daughter of Thomas,
fifth Lord Berkley, and the controversy was, whether it de-
volved on the said Elizabeth, instead of the heir male, an
intricate question : but James Berkley, nephew of the above
Thomas, "inherited by special entail and fine the Castle of

52 Papers, 8fc.

Berkley, etc., and was summoned to Parliament from 1421 to
1461," while the last of his three wives was Joan Talbot,
daughter of John, Earl of Shrewsbury, by his second wife,
and so aunt to the young Viscount, still further complicating
matters. William Lord Berkley was the eldest son and heir
of James by his second marriage.

Dugdale gives this description of the conflict —

"But it was not long after (the death of his grandmother) ere this young
Viscount L'isle arrived at his full age, and thirsting after the Castle of Berkley,
practised with one Thomas Holt, the Keeper of Whitby Park, and one Maurice
King, Porter of the (Berkley) Castle, to betray it into his hands ; one Robert
Veel (the Viscount's Engineer) being likewise an active person in that design,
giving bond to Maurice King in the sum of an hundred pounds that so soon as
the work should be accomplished he should be make Keeper of VVotton Park,
with the fee of five marks per annum during his life."

Then appeared the inevitable traitor —

"But this plot being discovered by Maurice King, so much perplexed the
Viscount L'isle, that he forthwith sent this Lord Berkley a challenge requiring
him of " Knighthood and manhood to appoint a day, and meet him half-way, to
try their quarrel and title, to eschew the shedding of Christian blood, or to bring
the same day the utmost of his power. " This letter of challenge under the hand
of that Viscount was sent 19th March, 10 Edw. IV (1471), he being then not
fully twenty-two years of age, having sued out his livery upon the fourteenth
of June before, and his wife then with child of her first-born. Unto which
Lord Berkley returned this answer in writing : ' that he would not bring the
tenth man he could make, and bid him to meet on the morrow at Nybley Green,
by eight or nine of the clock, which standeth on the border* of the Livelode that
thou keepest untruly from me.'

Whereupon they accordingly met and the Viscount's vizor being up, he was
slain by an arrow shot through his head."

A striking picture of the barbarity and lawlessness of the
age, this wager of battle, literally fighting it out to the death,
rather than having recourse to the peaceful, if more prosaic,
process of law, and followed by the usual seizure and confis-
cation of the personal property and landed possessions of the
vanquished.

"After which (the very same day) the Lord Berkley advanced to Wotton,
and rifling the house, took thence many writings and evidences of the said
Viscount's own lands, with a suit of arras hangings, wherein his arms, and the
arms of Lady Joan, his mother (daughter and coheir of Thomas Chedder), were
wrought, and brought them to Berkley Castle.

To this skirmish came divers from Bristol, Thornbury, the Forest of Deane,
and other places, to the number of about a thousand, which exceeded what the
Viscount brought.

But the business did not so end, for the widow of the Viscount L'Is.
brought her appeal against this William Lord Berkley, and against Maurice
and Thomas his two brethren, for thus killing her husband, with an arrow
through his head, and a dagger in his left side."

The Brook Family. 53

The exact cause of the Viscount's death is said to have
been by an arrow shot through his mouth. The appeal of his
widow appears to have been unsuccessful, for the recovery of
the property, it being decided that Lord Berkley should enjoy
the manor of Wotton-under-Edge, etc., paying to the said
Viscountess Margaret, a hundred pounds a year out of the
same.

This William Lord Berkley was a great favourite of Edward
IV, who created him successively, Viscount Berkley, Earl of
Nottingham, Earl Marshall of England, and Marquis of
Berkley. He died in 1491-2, leaving no surviving issue, and
disinherited his brother Maurice for marrying lowly, leaving
the Castle of Berkley to King Henry VII, and it remained
with the Crown until the decease of Edward VI, the last
male descendant of Henry VII, when it returned to the
Berkleys.

The controversy over the disputed property was again re-
vived by Sir Edward Grey, who married Elizabeth, the un-
fortunate Viscount's sister, but the Berkleys finally retained
possession of it, on payment of a comparatively small annuity.

The widowed Viscountess is said by Burke to have after-
ward married Sir Henry Bodrugan, of Bodrugan (Castle), in
St. Gorran, Cornwall. If so, it must have been the Sir
Henry Bodrugan (otherwise Trenowth) " an opulent knight,"

td large landed proprietor in Cornwall, a zealous Yorkist, of
lorn Lysons relates that —
,
->

" He was attainted on 1485, on the accession of Henry VII, fled to Ireland,

and his larger estates, including the Manor and Barton, were siezed by the
Crown. Tradition relates, that he was in arms in Cornwall, against the Earl
of Richmond, that he was defeated on a moor not far from his own castle by
Sir Richard Edgcumbe and Trevanion, and that he made his escape by a
desperate leap from the cliff into the sea, where a boat was ready to receive
him."

The victors of course received the usual spoil, the defeated
lan's possessions, which cost the generous monarch for whom
fought, nothing.

"Most of Bodrugan's estates, including this manor, were granted to Sir
"shard Edgcumbe. Borlase describes the remains of the castle as very ex-

54 Papers, fyc.

tensive, that there was nothing in Cornwall equal to it for magnificence.
There was chapel converted into a barn, the large hall, and an antient kitchen
with timber roof, the architecture about the time of Edward I. All these
buildings were pulled down about 1786. A great barn still remains."

Elizabeth, second daughter of John Talbot, Viscount L'Isle
and Joan Chedder, married Sir Edward Grey, brother to Sir
John Grey, second Lord Grey of Groby. By this alliance
she became sister-in-law to Elizabeth Widville, afterward
Queen to King Edward IV, and aunt to Cicely Bonville, the
great heiress of Shute, a few miles distant from Olditch.

On the death of her brother Thomas, Viscount L'Isle,
without issue, she became with her sister Margaret his co-
heiresses, and in them also the barony of L'Isle remained in
abeyance.

Margaret married Sir George Vere, knt., and died without
issue, in 1471. After her death the title was revived in Sir
Edward Grey, the husband of Elizabeth, and he was created
by Edward IV, in 1475, Baron L'Isle, and 28th June, 1483,
Viscount L'Isle.

There were four children : John, Ann married to John
Willoughby, Muriel, and Elizabeth.

Muriel married first Edward Stafford, second Earl of Wilt-
shire, grandson of Humphrey, first Duke of Buckingham.
He died without issue, 24th March, 1499, when the earldom
became extinct. His fine tomb and effigy are in Lowick
Church, Northamptonshire. Secondly, she married his first
cousin, Henry Stafford, younger son of Henry, second Duke
of Buckingham, and in him Henry VIII, in 1509, revived the
title of Earl of Wiltshire. There was no issue by this mar-
riage, her husband survived her, and married secondly as her
second husband, Cicely Bonville of Shute, widow of the
Marquis of Dorset. He died in 1523.

John Grey, her son, second Viscount L'Isle of that creation,
married Margaret, daughter of Thomas Howard, Duke of
Norfolk.

He died in 1512, leaving an only daughter Elizabeth. She

The Brook Family. 55

was contracted in marriage with Charles Brandon, afterward
Duke of Suffolk, and he was in consequence on 5th March,
5 Henry VIII (1514), created Viscount L'Isle, but when she
became of age, she refused to have him, and the patent was
cancelled. She soon afterwards married Henry Courtenay,
the unfortunate Marquis of Exeter (of Colcombe), as his first
wife, but died without issue before 1526, leaving her aunt,
Elizabeth Grey, her father's surviving sister as her heir.
The Marquis married secondly Gertrude, daughter of William
Blount, fourth Lord Montjoy, ob. 1535, to whose grandson
Charles Blount, eighth Lord Montjoy, K.G., created Earl of
Devon, James I subsequently gave Olditch and Weycroft,
after the attainder of Henry, the last ill-fated Lord Cobham.

The wardship of Elizabeth, the surviving daughter of the
before-named Sir Edward Grey, had been obtained by Ed-
mund Dudley, the rapacious minister of Henry VIII, and he
subsequently married her, but was attainted and beheaded by
Henry VIII on Tower Hill, 28th August, 1511. There
were four children, John, Andrew, and Jerome, and a daughter
Elizabeth, married to William, sixth Lord Stourton.

John, their eldest son, only eight years old at his father's
death, was restored "in name, blood, and degree," and in-
herited all his father's property ; but his life was a troublesome
one, notwithstanding his honours and ambition, and ended at
last like his father's, on the scaffold. In him the Viscounty
of L'Isle was again revived, the antient dignity of his mother's
family, on 12th March, 1542, the year following the death
without male issue of his step-father, Arthur Plantagenet,
who had been so created. He became the well-known Duke
of Northumberland, who together with his son, Lord Guilford,
and his wife, the unfortunate Lady Jane Grey, all perished
successively at the headsman's block.

A further and distinguished alliance awaited Elizabeth Grey,

(the widow of Edmund Dudley, and grand-daughter of Johanna

Chedder. She married secondly Arthur Plantagenet, natural

56 Papers, £c.

son of King Edward IV, by the Lady Elizabeth Lucy. He
was installed Knight of the Garter, and created on 26th April,
1533, on surrender of that dignity by Charles Brandon, Vis-
count IV Isle.

In Risdon's Note Book, it is stated that " he was knighted
at Turney," and is included among the Devonshire peers as
" Arthur Plantaginet, Viscont Lisley, of Umberley," in Devon,
with the arms — Quarterly, first and fourth, England quar-
tering France, second and third ; or, a cross gules, over all a
bendlet sinister sable.

His death, although happening in an indirect mariner, must
include him among the victims that perished in the blood-
stained reign of Henry VIII.

" In 1533, he was Lieutenant of Calais, and sometime after incurring sus-
picion of being privy to a plot to deliver the garrison to the French, he was
recalled and committed to the Tower ; but his innocence appearing manifest
upon investigation, the King not only gave immediate orders for his release,
but sent him a diamond ring, and a most gracious message, which made such
an impression on the sensitive nobleman that he died the night following, 3rd
March, 1541, of excessive joy."

Three daughters and co-heirs only, were the issue of this
marriage, Bridget, Frances, and Elizabeth. Bridget married
Sir William Garden ; Elizabeth, Sir Thomas Jobson ; Frances,
the second daughter, by both her marriages found her home
in Devon.

Her first husband was John Basset, of Umberleigh, in
North Devon. He was the eldest son and heir of Sir John
Basset, Knt., of Umberleigh, Sheriff of Devon, 1524-5, died
31st January, 1539, by his first wife Honor, daughter of Sir
Thomas Grenville, Knt., ob. 17th March, 1513, whose tomb
and effigy are in Bideford Church. The brass of himself, his
wives, and their twelve children is in Atherington Church;
he is bare-headed, but otherwise in full armour; his wives,
Honor Grenville, and Ann, daughter of John Denny s, of
Orleigh, in pedimental head-dresses, gowns with full sleeves
guarded with fur, and girdles with dependant chains and

JOHN BASSETT AND HIS WIVES.

ATHEBINGTON CHUKCH, DEVON.

The Brook Family. 57

pomander balls. The arms are Basset quartering Wellington
and Beaumont, impaling Grenville and Denny s.*

John Basset, the first husband of Frances Plantagenet, was
Sheriff of Cornwall, 1518 and 1523, and died 20th April,
1541. There were two children, a son described on an ad-
joining tomb as "the Worshipful and Worthy Sir Arthur"
perished of gaol fever after the Black Assizes at Exeter, in
1586, and a daughter married to William Whiddon.

Secondly, she married Thomas Monke, of Potheridge in
Merton, North Devon (as his first wife), ob. 1583, by whom
she had three sons and three daughters. By her eldest son
she was great-grandmother of Greorge Monke, the " Restora-
tion " Duke of Albemarle.

Thus through this long and intricate genealogy are inter-
esting local associations constantly interwoven, and the strain
of Chedder perpetuated.

jQetoton - CfceDtier = TBtoob,

OF YATTON AND EAST HARPTKEE.

THE descent from Isabel, second daughter of Thomas Chedder
and Isabel Scobahull, and grand-daughter of Lady Johanna
Brook, of Olditch, by her first husband Robert Chedder,
although not so distinguished as her elder sister, is neverthe-
less most interesting in connection with our little history.

Presumably — for there is some obscurity in the early pub-
lished pedigrees of Newton — it was Frances Newton, a de-
scendant of Thomas Newton, brother to Sir John Newton,
the husband of Isabel Chedder, who was destined to become
the second wife of William Brook, K.G., fifth Baron of

* It may be noted here that the series of brasses illustrating this account
have all been engraved from rubbings specially taken and completed by the
mthor and are fac-similes ; as also the views of Olditch and Weycroft from
ohotographs taken by him ; and for three of the other illustrations that bear his
nitials, to the kindness of Mr. Roscoe Gibbs, from his original drawings.

Vol. XL I V (Third Series, Vol. 1 V), Part II.

58 Papers, J-c.

Cobham, and mother with seven other children of Henry
Brook, K.G., the sixth and last unfortunate Baron of that
descent, so cruelly used by James I, as also of his brother,
George Brook, who perished on the scaffold at Winchester,
5th December, 1603, for alleged participation in what was
termed " Raleigh's conspiracy."

Isabel Chedder married Sir John Newton, who was the
eldest son of Sir Richard Newton, Chief Justice of the
Common Pleas, by Emma, daughter of Sir John Perrot, of
Islington.

The Judge and his wife are buried in the Court-de-Wyck
Chapel, or north transept of Yatton Church, under a high
tomb, whereon are their effigies in alabaster, originally painted
and gilded, and displaying fine examples of the legal and
social costume of the age. The Judge wears a long red robe
with tippet and hood, collar of S.S., a narrow jewelled belt
from which depends a short sword, and scrip or purse, on his
head a coif, pulled down over the ears and tied under the chin,
a fringe of hair shewing over the forehead. There is great
expression in the features indicating a powerful mind, and is
probably a portrait. His head rests on a helmet with crest of
Newton (or Cradoc), a wheat sheaf issuant from a ducal coronet,
both gilded. Several rings are on his fingers, and one on the
thumb of the right hand. At his feet two dogs. The lady
in rich robes and a profusion of massive jewellery, with rosary,
at her feet a dog with collar and bells.

There is no inscription, underneath are angels bearing shields,
the bearings denuded, but they appear to have been Newton,
Or, on a chevron azure, three f/arbs of the first, and Newton
quartering Perrot, Gules, three pears pendant or, and those of
his ancestor, Nicholas Sherborne, Ermine, four fusils in fess
sable. He was admitted Sergeant-at-law, 1424; Judge <m
Circuit, 1426; Recorder of Bristol, 1430; Justice of the
Common Pleas, 8th November, 1438, and died soon after.
He appears to have left two sons, John and Thomas.

The Brook Family. 59

Sir John Newton, the eldest, in right of his wife, appears
to have been of Court-de-Wyck, in Yatton, a manor originally
belonging to the de Wycks, or Wykes, from them to the de
Gyeues, and from them to the Chedders, and to have built or
rebuilt the mansion there, on which were his arms, with those
of his wife, and also of N orris. From the similarity of the
details of the portions preserved of Court-de-Wyck, now at
Clevedon Court, which are given as the frontispiece of Rutter's
Somerset, and those found on Yatton Church, together with
apparently the arms of Sherborne impaling Chedder on the
fine south porch, it is probable they were considerably inter-
ested in the rebuilding of that edifice, in addition to the con-
struction of the " New Chapel " of St. John, east of the north
transept in which they were interred.

According to the Visitations, 1531-73, they appear to have
had one son Richard, ob. 1501, who married Elizabeth St.
John, and they had issue two daughters, Isabel, who married
Sir Giles Capel (buried at Abbots-Roothing in Essex, 1613),
and Joan to Sir Thomas Griffin, of Braybrook, to whom
Court-de-Wyck ultimately descended.

"His will was proved 20th April, 1487 ; for his burial in Yatton Church,
£6 8s. 8d., this good man also directed twenty shillings to be paid to his tailor
in Bristol, and the document ends thus — ' In witness of this my effectual and
last will, I have hereto put my seale in this church of our Lady of Yatton.'

His widow, Isabel, died in 1498, she made her will, 14th March, 1498-9,
and ordered her executors, ' to find a well disposed priest to sing for my soul
within the Church of Yatton, and the new Chapel of St. John, during the space
of five years. ' She also bequeathed six shillings and eight pence in money, 'for
the poor prisoners of Newgate in the town of Bristowe.' " (Som. Arch, and Nat.
ry Society's Proceedings, vol. xxvii).

They were both buried under a splendid tomb in this new
/hapel or Chantry of St. John the Evangelist, which is
situate in the angle between the north transept and the
chancel, it is on the north side, or Founders place, of the
Chantry altar, and consists of a fine canopy flanked by but-
tresses richly pinnacled, and with niches. Across the top a
string-course studded with square four-leaved ornament, and
above a trefoil pierced cresting. Below are ten large niches
with rich canopies, in one the lower portion of the figure

60 Papers^ $c.

remains. These are succeeded by another string-course with
four-leaved ornament, below which a pierced and cusped
canopy of open work enriched with leaf-work and bosses.

At the back of the canopy over the effigies is a remarkable
sculpture of the Annunciation. The Virgin crowned, sits on
a cushion before a lily, rising from a vessel with a handle, and
above the lily flowers, from clouds, issues a beam of light
ending in a dove streaming toward the Virgin, and behind
her is a book-stand with a book on it. She has her hands
raised and extended, as if surprised at her devotions by the
angel on the other side of the lily, who, advancing towards
her, holds a long scroll (emblematic of the angelic salutation)
which surrounds the stem of the lily, and floats back over the
head of the angel, who wears a cap with a band round the
brow studded with roses, and in front rises a Maltese cross.

The knight is bare-headed, but otherwise in complete plate
armour, he wears the collar of S.S., and his head rests on a
helmet with the crest of Newton. The lady wears a pyramidal
head-dress with flowing front lappets, and has a band or
collar of rich jewellery round the neck.

Thomas Newton, second son of the Judge was of East
Harptree. The manor of East Harptree belonged to a family
of that name, the last of whom William Harptree had a
daughter and heiress Ellen, who married Robert Gourney, the
son of Sir Anselm Gourney, whose descendants " lived at the
noble Bichmonte Castle at Harptree, now in ruins." His
great-grandson, Sir Thomas Gourney, was the father of the
redoubtable Sir Matthew (of Stoke-sub-Hamdon) and three
other sons, who all died without issue, and a daughter Joan,
married to Philip Caldicott, whose daughter Alice, married
Philip, the son of Richard Hampton and Elizabeth Bitton.
Their grand-daughter Lucy, ob. 1504, married Thomas Newton,
who thus succeeded to the manor.

Thomas Newton and Lucy Hampton had a son Thomas,
who married Joan, 'daughter and heiress of Sir John Barr, of

TI g * 6 g H-*

The Brook Family. 61

Barr's Court, Bitton, Gloucester, temp. Edw. IV. Their sou
Thomas married Margaret, daughter of Sir Edmond Gorges,
of Wraxall, and their son Sir John married Margaret,
daughter of Sir Anthony Pointz, of Iron-Acton, Gloucester,
by whom he had twenty children, eight sons, and twelve
daughters, one of whom was Elizabeth, who became the second
wife of William Brook, fifth Lord Cobham.

Sir John Newton, who died in 1568, is buried in East
Harptree Church, where there is a fine monument, on which
is his effigy in the costume of the period, and below him kneel
his twenty children ; at the back of the canopy is this inscrip-
tion : —

Here Lieth ye Body of 8r John Newton, who Married Mar-
garet, Daughter of Sr Anthony Pointz, Knight, By Wlwme
he Had Issue Eight Sons, and Twelve Daughters, and
Departed this Life the 10^ April, 1568.

In Assured Hope of a Joyfull Resurrection.
What merit Honour brings and all World's Pride,
Whenfatall stroke Rents thread of Mortal wight ;
If Sacred Vertue Have not been the Guide
That managed all with Gifts of matchless might 9
Which well hee knew that Here interred is,
Whose Vertues rare Proclaime his endless Bliss.

And on the end of the tomb :—

| Katharina Newton, Nuper Vxor Henrici Newton Extrnit Hoc
Tumulum An Do\ 1605.

This was Katherine Paston, daughter of Sir Thomas Paston
! of Norfolk, and wife of Sir Henry Newton, ob. 1599, eldest
I son and heir of Sir John.

Over the monument is a shield with twenty quarterings, in-
teresting as illustrating the descent of Newton (including
Chedder, although presumably not descending from them)
and alliance with Pointz : 1, Newton ; 2, Sherborne ; 3, Pen-
nington ; 4, Perrot ; 5, Norris ; 6, Chedder ; 7, Hampton ;

Paper 's,

8, Bitton ; 9, Furneaux ; 10, Between three leaves, on a chevron
an eaglet displayed', 11, Gourney ; 12, Harptree, impaling
1, Pointz ; 2, Bardolf ; 3, Three escallops ; 4, Acton ; 5, Clam-
bow ; 6, Berkeley ; 7, Fitz-Nicholl ; 8, Per fess, and a, canton
sinister. Above is the crest of Newton, a King of the Moors,
clad in mail, and crowned or, kneeling and delivering up Ins
sword, allusive to an exploit of their maternal ancestor, Sir
Anselm Gourney, at the " winning of Accom," temp. Rich. I.

ON THE MONUMENT AT EAST HARPTREE.

Succeeding Sir Henry was Sir Theodore, ob. 1608, who
married Penelope, daughter of Sir John Rodney, of Rodney-
Stoke, who was succeeded by his son, Sir John, the last of
the Newtons of Barr's Court, who married Grace Stone, was
created a Baronet, 16th August, 1660, died sine prole, and
was buried in Bristol Cathedral.

The Brook Family. 63

TBtoob == iSetoton,

BARON OF COBHAM.

FRANCES Newton was married to William Lord Brook, 29th
February, 1559-60, and died 17th October, 1592 ; her husband,
6th March, 1596-7. " She was constituted one of Queen
Elizabeth's ladies of the Bedchamber, with great and quaint
ceremony at Westminster in the presence of the Queen herself.
Her Majesty also stood sponsor for her first-born, a son called
Maximilian, who however died at Naples in 1583." (Waller}.

He erected in 1561, in Cobham Church, the splendid tomb
with alabaster effigies, to his father George Brook, K.G.,
fourth Baron, ob. 1558, and mother Anne, daughter of Edmund,
Lord Bray ; their fourteen tabarded children kneel below,
and among them is William Brook.* An escutcheon at the
west end has twenty-seven quarteriugs, the impalement of
twelve thereof being for his second wife Frances Newton,
among them the sixth quarter is Chedder ; the crest, a Saracen s
head, the ancient crest of Cobham. At the east end is his
father's escutcheon, quartering Bray — crest, a lion passant,
crowned, with the motto JE'ME'FIE'EN-DIEV.

George Brook, third son of George Lord Cobham, ob. 1558,
and brother to Frances Newton's husband, came into Devon-
shire for a wife. " He appears," says Mr. Waller,

' ' In his parent's magnificent tomb, kneeling on one knee, and his tabard
shews Cobham impaling Duke (of Otterton, Devon), parted per pale argent and
azure, three wreaths counter changed. He was born 27th January, 1532-3, was
sent abroad with a tutor, and studied Greek, Latin, and Italian with him at
Venice, 1545-6. Returning to England, he was apprenticed to his father (his
father was Deputy of Calais), 3 1st December, 1552, as Merchant of the Staple
of Calais in the usual form, (Sir) George Barnes (Haberdasher), Lord Mayor of
London, (William Gerard and John Maynard) the Sheriffs being witnesses.
And this is all that can be said of him, except that in 1561, he took refuge at
Antwerp, from his German creditors. He married Christina, daughtef and
heir of Richard Duke of Poerhayes, Otterton, Sheriff of Devon 1565, died
8th September, 1572, by his first wife, Elizabeth Franke, of York. She appears
to have been previously married, for as joint administratrix to her father she
is described as Christian Sprente alias Duke."

This match is recorded in the Visitations for Devon.

* The tomb was terribly mutilated, and the brasses injured, restorations of both
were made at the cost of F. C. Brooke, Esq., of Ufford, carried out under distin-
guished authorities and documentary evidence, and completed 1865-6." — Waller.

64 Papers, §*c.

IBrook,

OF ILCHESTER, OLDITCH AND WEYCROFT ;
BARONS OF COBHAM.

A SHORT notice in continuation of their descent, may be
included.

I. SIR THOMAS BROOK, KNT., the younger, who married
JOAN DE LA POLE-BRAYBROKE, Lady of Cobham, and
previously noticed, was succeeded by his son Edward.

II. SIR EDWARD BROOK, KNT., summoned to Parliament
as a BARON, from 1445 to 1462, was a firm adherent to the
House of York; at the battle of St. Alban's, 1445, and
Northampton, 1460. He married ELIZABETH, daughter of
James Tuchet, Lord Audley, died 1464, leaving a son John.

III. SIR JOHN BROOK, KNT., summoned as a BARON,
1472 to 1511. Was at the coronation of Kichard III; em-
ployed by Henry VII in an expedition to Flanders; and
helped to defeat the Cornish insurrection on Blackheath, in
1497, where his cousin Lord Audley was taken prisoner and
afterward executed. He married first ELEANOR, daughter

of Austell, of Suffolk, and secondly ELIZABETH,

daughter of Edward Nevill, Lord Aberyavenny ; she died 30th
September, 1506 ; he died 9th March, 1511-2. Both buried at
Cobham, where there is a fine brass to his memory. Weever
gives this inscription : —

" Hie jacet Johannes Broke mile* ac Baro Baronie de Cobham ac domina
Margareta uxor ma quondam filia nobilis viri Edouardi Nevil nuper Domini de

Burr/aveny, qui quidem Johannes obiit die menS Sejttemb' Ann' DoirC

1506, quorum animabus Amen."

He was succeeded by his son Thomas.

IV. SIR THOMAS BROOK, KNT., summoned as a BAKOX.
1515 to 1523. Was at the siege of Tournay ; the "battle of
Spurs," in 1513 ; made a Knight Banneret by the King, 1514 ;
and at the "Field of the Cloth of Gold," 1520. He married,
first, DOROTHY, daughter of Sir Henry Heydon, by whom IK-

The Brook Family. 65

had thirteen children; secondly, DOROTHY SOUTHWELL, a
widow, and thirdly, ELIZABETH HART, who both died without
issue. He died 19th July, 1529, buried at Cobham where is
his brass, the last of the remarkable series of these memorials
there. Weever gives the following inscription : —

"Orate pro anima Tho1 Broke, militis Domini de Cobham consanguinei et
heredis Richardi Beauchampe militis, qui quidem Thomas cepit in uxorem Doro-
theam, filiam Henrici Hey don militis ; et habuerunt exitum intereos, septem jilios,
et sex filial, et predicta Dorothea obiit .... et predictus Thomas cepit in
uxorem Dorotheam Sowthewel viduam, que obiit sine exitu ; et postea cepit in
uxorem Elizabetham Harte et habuerunt nullum exitum inter eos ; qui quidem
Thomas obiit 19 Julii, 1529.;>

He was succeeded by his son George.

V. SIR GEORGE BROOK, KNT., summoned as a BARON,
1529 to 1557. Attended with his father at the marriage of
the Princess Mary with Louis XII, in France. 1514 ; knighted
in the French war by Earl of Surrey, 1522 ; one of the Peers
at the trial of Anne Boleyn, 1536 ; in the expedition against
the Scots under the Earl of Hertford, 1546 ; Deputy of Calais,
and K.G., 1549. Obtained large grants of ecclesiastical lands,
including the manor of Chattingdon, and the college of Cobham.
One of the four laylords at the trial of the Protector Somerset,
and constituted in 1551, Lieutenant-General of the forces
sent to the north. Although he acquiesced in Queen Mary's
Proclamation, he was considered implicated in Sir Thomas
Wyatt's treason (which his younger son Thomas had joined),

id was with his son William committed to the Tower, but
diose pardon with others " was extorted from the Queen by

le Council." He entertained Cardinal Pole on his progress
Cowling Castle, in 1555, and the year following was on the
Commission to "enquire about heretics." He married ANNE,
daughter of Edmund Lord Brayc, by whom he had ten sons
and. four daughters. She died 1st November, 1558, and he
deceased 29th September, 1558 : were both buried at Cobham,
where his son and successor William^ in 1561, erected the
magnificent tomb to his memory, whereon are the effigies of

Vol. XL1 V (Third Series, Vol. I V), Part II.

66 Papers,* fyc.

himself and wife, and below them their fourteen children kneel
around.

VI. SIR WILLIAM BROOK, KNT., summoned as a BARON,
1558 to 1593. Lord- Warden and Chancellor of the Cinque
Ports, Constable of Dover, and Lord-Lieutenant of Kent,

1558 to 1596. In November, 1558, was sent to Brussels
announce to King Philip of Spain, the death of his Consoi
Queen Mary; and again in 1578 and 1588, was on an embassy
to the Spanish Governor of the Netherlands. Entertain*
Queen Elizabeth at Cobham Hall during her progresses ii

1559 and 1573. Privy Councillor and K.G., 1585 ; Gustos of
Eltham Palace, 1592; and Lord Chamberlain a short time
before his decease, which took place 6th March, 1596-7. He
added greatly to Cobham Hall, refounded Cobham College
for the good of the poor, and was a great patron of literature.
In 1572, was one of those committed to the Tower for par-
ticipating in the designs of the Duke of Norfolk, regarding
his marriage with Mary, Queen of Scots, and made a discovery
of the whole affair, in the hope of attaining his own pardon.

He married first, DOROTHY, daughter of George Lord
Abergavctmy, who died 22nd September, 1559, and by whom
he had an only daughter, Frances ; and secondly to FRANCES,
daughter of Sir John Newton, of East Harptree, who died 17th
October, 1592, and by whom he had ( 1 ) Maximilian, (2) Henry,
his successor, (3) George, executed at Winchester for alleged
participation in Raleigh's conspiracy, (4) William, (5) Eliza-
beth, (6) Frances, (7) Margaret. He died in 1596, and was
succeeded by his second son, Henry.

VII. SIR HENRY BROOK, KNT., summoned as a BARON,
1597, and K.G., 1599 ; died in 1619. A notice of this unfor-
tunate man, the last of the Brooks, and also of the Barons of
Cobham, in Kent, of the original creation which was by writ
in 1313, will be subsequently given.

The Brook Family.

TBroob,

OF HECKINGTON, BARON OP COBHAM.

>IR JOHN BROOK, KNT., styled "of Heckington, in the

mnty of Lincoln," was the son of Sir Henry Brook, ob. 1591,
Sutton-at-Hone, Kent (who was the fifth son of George

>rook, fourth Baron of Cobham, ob. 1558), by his wife Anne,
)b. 1612, daughter of Sir Henry Sutton, of Notts. He was

lised to the peerage as a BARON by Charles I, 3rd January,
.645, "to enjoy that title in as ample a manner as any of his
ancestors, and to have the same place and precedency," save
that the remaindership was limited to heirs male. He married
first, ANNE . . . buried 23rd February, 1625, at Kensington;
secondly, FRANCES, daughter of Sir William Bainfield, by
whom he had a son, George, who died in infancy ; she was
buried in 1676, at Surfleet, co. Lincoln. He appears to have
been a weak-minded man, similar to his cousin Henry, and
described as a worthless spendthrift, who dispersed the family
estates. He died sine prole, and was buried 20th May, 1660,

it Wakerley, in Northamptonshire.

Cempie,

OF STOWE, BUCKINGHAMSHIRE,
VISCOUNTS AND BARONS OF COBHAM.

DESCENDING through a succession of distaffs from Margaret
^daughter of William Brook, fifth Baron of Cobham, ob. 1597),
dfe of Sir Thomas Sondes, ob. 1592, of Throwley, Kent ; SIR
RICHARD TEMPLE, BART., of Stowe, Buckinghamshire, ob.
9; was on the 19th October, 1714, created BARON COBHAM,

68 Papers, frc.

of Cobham, in Kent ; and on 23rd May, 1718, was re-created
a BARON with the same title, and also VISCOUNT COB HAM,
with remainder to his sisters, Hester Grenville and Christian
Lyttetion. The titles subsequently, through Hester Grenville,
merged in the Earldom of Temple, and Dukedom of Bucking-
ham.

totaling; Castle,

IN KENT.

THIS was the original seat of the Cobhams in Kent, and
situate in the parish of Cowling, near Rochester. The manor
was acquired by them temp. Henry III, 1216-72, and the
manor house was erected by John de Cobham, the founder,
temp. Richard II, and he obtained that King's license to
crenellate it, 2nd February, 1380-1.

" It was of large size, and the two wards or courts, cover nearly eight acres
of ground, and considerable remains still exist. The outer gate towers are
forty feet high, and the gateway altogether fifty feet wide, and other large
portions of the buildings, and flanking towers, attest the original strength and
size of the structure, which was enclosed by a moat fed from the Thames."

It seems to have been the principal residence of the Cob-
hams, Joan de la Pole, the grand-daughter of its builder,
appears to have lived here, for her third husband, Sir Nicholas
Hawberk, died here in 1407, and her fourth husband, the un-
fortunate Sir John Oldcastle, took refuge here, until arrested
by order of King Henry IV, with an armed force, in 1413.

But the most remarkable event in its history was —

"Its assault and capture by Sir Thos. VVyatt, 30th January, 1554, who had
married the sister of its then possessor, George Brook, Lord of Cobham and
Cowling. Wyatt had a large force with him with artillery, and the attack
lasted from eleven in the morning until five in the afternoon, when Brook
capitulated, as he had only a few men of whom four or five were killed and
others wounded. Although he had been made promise to join Wyatt the next

The Brook Family. 69

day, as soon as Wyatt's back was turned, Brook despatched a messenger to
Queen Mary giving her an account of the whole affair, superscribed with ' hast,
hast, post hast, with all dylygence possible, for the lyfe, for the lyfe,' for well he
knew the jeopardy of his relationship to Wyatt, and what was likely to be
made out of it. It did not avert the Queen's displeasure, for he and his sons
were sent to the Tower, where the name of his younger son, Thomas, still ap-
pears carved on the wall of the Beauchamp Tower — ' Thomas Cobham, 1553'—
but they did not remain long, intercession was made for them and they were
released in March, 1553-4. It is probable Cowling Castle was seldom afterward
occupied as a residence, and suffered to fall to decay." ( Waller).

It is now a ruin of considerable size.

Cobfcam I£)aH,

AT COBHAM, IN KENT.

IT is not known when this fine structure was begun, nor the
style or size of the original building. Of what at present
appears, it is probable the two last Brooks, Barons of Cobham,
erected the north and south wings between 1584 and 1603, but
Henry, Lord Cobham apparently never completed the original
house, previous to his attainder. The date on the north porch,
shewn in the engraving, is 1594.

On 13th August, 1613, James I granted to his relative,
udovic Stuart, second Duke of Lenox and Richmond, ob.
1624, Cobham Hall, and some of the forfeited estates. James
Stuart, fourth Duke of Lenox, employed Inigo Jones to com-
plete the main portion of the structure between the wings, and
was probably the first of his race that resided within it.

Subsequently it descended to the Earls of Darnley, who
made important additions and alterations to the edifice, finishing
it as it now appears. Built of red brick with white stone
dressings, the array of large windows, flanking turrets, and its
great size, forms a splendid and picturesque structure, sur-
rounded by an extensive park.

70 Papers, 8fc.

J£)entp IBroofe,

THE LAST LORD OF COBHAM.

ALTHOUGH the story of his misfortunes, or rather tragedy of
fate, that waited on Henry Brook, tenth and last of the
Barons of Cobham, and hereditary possessor of Cobham Hall,
is now correctly known through the able investigations and
research of Mr. Waller, from whom the following account is
derived, a short reference to them here, as the closing scene
of the Brooks, and connected with their west-country associa-
tions may not be out of place.

"He was the second son of Sir William Brook, ninth Lord Cobham (by
Frances Newton, of Harptree), and Maximilian the eldest having died young,
he succeeded to the barony on the death of his father, in 1596-7, being then
thirty-two years old. No one could have entered life with more brilliant
prospects. In his blood were represented many noble and historic names. The
vast estates of the family had been constantly on the increase, and an addition
had been made to them by Queen Elizabeth in 1564 of St. Augustine's Abbey,
at Canterbury. At her Court, indeed, the lords of Cobham were in high favour,
and she had honoured his father, Sir William, on two occasions with a visit to
Cobham Hall, where she was entertained with much magnificence. Without
any great ability, and still less personal character, he nevertheless fell in
naturally, as it were, to those honours which his ancestors had engaged. In
1597 he was made Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports, an office of much impor-
tance in those days. He was installed on St. Bartholomew's day (1598) at
Canterbury, "at which ceremonious solemnitie were assembled almost 40(H)
horse, and he kept the feast very magnificently, and spent 26 oxen with all
provision suitable " The following year he was installed Knight of the Garter,
as his father and grandfather before him, and here his honours and good luck,
seem to have culminated."

Then came his marriage, and with it arose the first little
cloud in the golden horizon of distinction that surrounded him. i

" So great a favourite of fortune, and yet in his prime of youthful manhood,
it will not be a matter of wonder, that the ladies of the Court considered him
as a matrimonial prize. The prize fell to Frances, daughter of Charles Howard,
Earl of Nottingham, and widow of Henry, Earl of Kildare. She was a warm-
hearted woman, but of strong passions, and a violent temper, yet there is no
doubt she had conceived for LorS Cobham a powerful affection. It did not
take place until 1601, and does not appear to have been one of good omen, for
it is thus alluded to in a letter of the time—' The Lord Cobham hath married
the Lady of Kildare, but I hear of no great agreement.' It was not a happy
marriage, but the union was destined to be soon abruptly dissolved."

The cloud gradually, but at last surely and rapidly spread,
and the remainder of his history simply becomes one of mis-
fortune and misery.

The Brook Family. 71

"In this age of Court intrigue and political plotting, Lord Cobham and Sir
Walter Raleigh (who had been his father's friend) took the same side. They
were both the enemies of the unfortunate Earl of Essex. At the attack upon
Essex House in 1601, Lord Cobham took part, and afterwards sat as one of his
peers at the trial, little thinking then how soon his own turn was to come. It
is extremely probable that this emnity to Essex was the shadow cast before,
a warning to the event fatal to himself. Between Essex and James of Scotland
a warm friendship subsisted, and when the latter ascended the throne of
England, the enemies of that nobleman soon felt his displeasure."

The last and great misfortune was now at hand.

"James was no sooner upon the throne than there arose those plots against
him which to comprehend or unravel is one of the most difficult tasks in
English history. In the phraseology of the time,, they were known as the
Treasons of the Bye and the Main, the Priests' Treason (or the Surprising
Treason) and the Spanish Treason. It was the Treason of the Main, or Spanish
Treason, in which Lord Cobham and Sir Walter Raleigh are said to have
plotted, and if we are to believe his accusers, the latter was the soul of the con-
spiracy.

The Priests' Treason, so called from two Catholic priests, Watson and
Clarke, said to have been its promoters, was to surprise the person of the King.
In this George Brook, Lord Cobham's brother, Sir Griffin Markhani, and Lord
Grey of Wilton, were joint actors, and Lord Cobham was said to be privy to it.
As before mentioned, Cobham and Raleigh were the actors in the Main or
Spanish Treason. These unfortunate meu were tried and found guilty, and
Raleigh's trial, from the eminence of his character, and also from the able
defence which he made, has excited mostly the attention of historians. We
cannot rise from its perusal without a sentiment of disgust, and a feeling that it
remains a blot upon our history."

Then came the punishment awarded these unfortunate men.

"The two priests suffered the extremity of the law with all its attendant
barbarities, and George Brook, his brother, was beheaded at Winchester."

But one of the most extraordinary punishments on record,
for its studied cruelty, was that practised on Lord Cobham
and his two companions.

" The Lords Cobham and Grey, and Sir Griffin Markham, were, one cold
morning in November, 1603, brought upon the scaffold at Winchester Castle,
Sir Walter Raleigh looking on from the window of his prison ; and after being
severally played with, as the pike when hooked by the angler, with the bitter-
ness of death before their eyes, they received the commutation of their sentence.
Those who have read James's letter to the Council, wherein he glorifies himself
on his royal mercy, and have also read the narrative of an eye witness of the
scene enacted on the scaffold, will understand and appreciate his character.

We have now to state their fate. Sir Griffin Markham was banished the
realm, and died abroad. The young Lord Grey died after eleven years con-
finement in the Tower, his high spirit utterly crushed. Sir Walter Raleigh's
fate is well known. Posterity will ever regard his execution as a crime.

Henry Brook and Sir Walter Raleigh were conducted back to the Tower,
16th December, 1603, and henceforth Lord Cobham, like most unfortunate
men condemned to imprisonment for life, became as one dead to the outer
world."

twoi

But what became of the immense Cobham possessions, of

72 Papers, §*c.

which Olditch and Weycroft formed a comparatively small
portion ? These of course were all confiscated, although there
was a difficulty in the way, and a legal one, for they were en-
tailed— this however was soon surmounted and over-ridden by
cruel subterfuge and other despicable means, and the estates
seized and distributed by the magnanimous James to his
favourites in various ways. A strong contrast this which
befel the fate of the possessions of the last Baron of Cobham,
to that which attended, under similar circumstances, the pos-
sessions of the first Baron, John de Cobharn, when attainted
in the reign of Richard II, sentenced to death, as a traitor,
and his estates confiscated. Then, as previously described, in
the sentence "there was a saving of entail, showing the
jealousy of Parliament over estates that might otherwise pass
into the hands of the Crown." No such patriotic caution
appears to have animated the government of James, the
sycophants of whose Court were evidently only too ready to
further the illegal proceeding, in the hope afterward to share
the spoil.

In addition to this confiscation, all his honours were for-
feited, and to complete the contumely and ruin heaped on him
he was " degraded " from being a Knight of the Garter, and
his achievement as such taken down and cast out from his stall
in St. George's Chapel, Windsor, 16th February, 1603-4.

Henry Cobham — for he was a baron no longer — endured his
imprisonment fifteen years ; it was of varying degrees of
severity, and toward the end of the time, on account of ill
health, he was allowed —

"For the bettering of his healthe his Majestie's leave to go to Bathe attended
by his keeper. In his returne being as he conceved thoroughly cured of his
maladie, was at Hungerford surprized with a dead palsey ; from thence with
difficulty he was carried aly ve unto Udiam, Sir Edward Moore's house (who had
married his sister, Frances), he is yett livinge but nott like to continew many
dayes."

This was in September, 1617, but —

" From this attack he sufficiently recovered to be enabled to return to the
Tower. Soon after we lose all trace of him as a living man. He died 24th
January, 1619. :'

DOORWAY, COBHAM HALL.

The Brook Family. 73

Where was he buried ?

' ' At Cobham the Registers do not carry us back so far. Those in the Tower
have not his name. He was therefore not buried there. Search has been made
at Odiham without success, and at Aldgate also, as well as at Trinity Minories
by the Tower, but no entry has been found."

And what of the wife of this unhappy prisoner ?

"Of the Lady Kildare, his widow, nothing is said at this time of his death.
She was living at Cobham Hall, and it seems as if she took no notice whatever
of the unfortunate man who was her husband, and in whose house she lived."

Burke gives the further following description of him.

" Lord Cobham appears to have been not many degrees removed from a fool,
but enjoying the favour of the Queen, he was a fitting tool in the hands of his
more wily associates. Upon his trial he was dastardly to the most abject
meanness.

The mode of bringing the prisoners on the scaffold, and aggravating their
sufferings with momentary expectation of their catastrophe, before the pre-
intended pardon was produced, was a piece of management and contrivance for
which King James was by the sycophants of the Court very highly extolled,
but such a course was universally esteemed the pitiful policy of a weak, con-
temptible mind.

* On this occasion,' says Sir Dudley Carleton, ' Cobham who was now to
play his part did much cozen the world, for he came to the scaffold with good
assurance, and contempt of death.' And in the short prayers he made, so out-
prayed the company which helped to pray with him, that a stander-by observed
' that he had a good mouth in a cry, but nothing single.'

After they were remanded (Sir Dudley says) and brought back on the scaffold,
' they looked strange on one another, like men beheaded and met again in
another world.' "

A pitiable exhibition, the rightly-constituted humane mind
shrinks from contemplating ; no matter what kind of fool-
knave this unfortunate man may have been. It has been
stated that he died in a state of tilth for lack of apparel and
i linen, and in such abject poverty, wanting the common neces-
saries of life. This has been proved not to have been the case,
he was afforded a moderate sum, payable monthly, during his
imprisonment, enough to keep him fairly comfortable, and he
had medical attendance during his illness. It is probable his
death occurred outside " the verge of the Tower," as he had
petitioned for more liberty to take the air for his health in the
July previous to his decease, the King's surgeon to certify to
his weak state. It was also stated his poor paralyzed frame
remained unburied some days for want of means. But this is
scarcely probable either, for his assignee, Lady Burgh, widow

Vol. XLIV( Third Series, Vol. IV), Part II.

74 Papers, §*c.

of his brother, George Brook, had an order from the Treasury
for a considerable sum due to him, the day after his decease.
Where was his rich wife at this final scene ? Of her we hear
nothing, she had clearly disowned and entirely disassociated
herself from him ; and where the noble outcast died, and found
his last resting-place is not known.

It would be difficult amid the whole current of English
history to find a more mournful narrative ; and of surpassing
interest as connected with the last possessorship by the Brooks
of the crumbling fragment of ruin at Olditch, the original
seat of his ancestors, and text of our story. Both have be-
come a sad memory only glimmering in the gloom of the Past.

IBlount,

LAST POSSESSOR OF OLDITCH AND WEYCROFT,
EARL OF DEVON.

THE cruel attainder of Henry Brook, the last unfortunate
Baron of Cobham, and consequent confiscation of his estates,
took place in 1603, and that "high and mychtie prince v
James I, in 1604, gave the manors of Olditch and Weycrof't
to one of his favourites, Charles Blount, eighth Baron Mount-
joy of Thurveston, in Derbyshire, who in the year previous,
21st July, 1603, he had created Earl of Devon and K.G.

Lord Mountjoy was the second of the "interpolated" Earls
of Devon — the hereditary honour of the Courtenays — but an
ill fate hung over their creations, for Blount held it barely
three years, and leaving no legitimate issue, the title became
extinct at his death, 3rd April, 1606. The Jirst was Hum-
phrey Stafford, of Suthwyke, so created by Edward IV, 7th
May, 1469, after that monarch had given him "the bulk of
the estates" forfeited by the attainder of the three unfortunate

&H ^

o h

I I

The Brook Family. 75

brothers, Thomas, Henry, and John Courtenay, successively
Earls of Devon, who, within nine years, lost their lives on the
scaffold and battle field, fighting for the house of Lancaster,
and whose deaths ended the first descent of that noble family.
But for Stafford's treachery at the battle of Banbury, only
three months afterward, " by diligent enquiry by King Ed-
ward's order, he was found at Brent, near the river Axe in
Somersetshire, and carried to Bridgvvater, and there beheaded,"
the monks of Glastonbury giving him sepulture beneath the
central tower of the Abbey Church.

Why Charles Blount chose the title of Earl of Devon, was
probably also in part connected with the fate of the above un-
fortunate Earls, for his ancestor, Walter Blount, first Lord
Mountjoy, Lord Treasurer of England, and K.G., ob. 1474,
a staunch adherent of Edward IV, "shared largely in the
confiscated possessions of the leading Lancastrians," and
among others, "particularly those of Thomas Courtenay, Earl
of Devon, obtaining thereby extensive territorial possessions
in Devon."

But another ancestor of his was further, and in more pleasant,
relationship connected, similar to the Cobhams, with the Cour-
tenays by intermarriage.

William Blount, fourth Baron Mountjoy, ob. 1535, grand-
father of Charles Blount, married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir
William Say, and by her had one daughter Gertrude, who
was the second wife of Henry Courtenay, Marquis of Exeter,
beheaded by Henry \7III, in 1539, she narrowly escaped the
same fate, and afterward resided at Great Canford, near Poole,
died in 1558, and is buried within the presbytery of Wimborne
Minster, in a tomb of Purbeck marble, with traceried panels,
and this fragment of inscription now remaining —
" Conjux quondam Henrici Courteney, Marchionis Exon, §-
Mater Edwardi Courteney nuper Co "

Edward Courtenay, Earl of Devon, her unfortunate son, a

•isoner almost all his life, died at Padua, in 1566, "not

76 Papers, fyc.

without suspicion of poison," and at his death without issue,
the then elder descent of the Courtenays became extinct, and
the title of Earl of Devon passed into abeyance, until claimed
and allowed to William, third Viscount Courtenay of the
Powderham descent, loth March, 1831.

Charles Blount was a person of high military reputation,
and had a command in the fleet that dispersed the Spanish
Armada, was constituted Governor of Portsmouth, and sub-
sequently in 1597, Lieutenant of Ireland, and in 1599 repulsed
the Spaniards with great gallantry at Kinsale. Camden de-
scribes him as being " so eminent for valour and learning, that
in those respects he had no superior, and few equals," and
Moryson, his secretary, writes, " that he was beautiful in
person as well as valiant, and learned as well as wise." But
his high public character, and all these accomplishments, were
tarnished by his unfortunate intrigue with Penelope, daughter
of Walter Devereux, Earl of Essex, and wife of Robert, third
Lord Rich, and first Earl of Warwick, ob. 1618, by whom he
had several illegitimate children, and who on her divorce he
subsequently married at Wanstead, in Essex, 26th December,
1605. William Laud, afterward Archbishop of Canterbury,
performing the ceremony.

The portrait is from an old etching, probably of contem-
porary date. The crest encircled by the Garter is that of
Blount : Within the Sun in splendour, an eye, proper. Below
is inscribed : Are to be sold by Henry Balam in Lombard Street.

Another is found in Lodge's Portraits, sitting in a chair, the
face in profile, from a picture in the possession of the Duke of
Hamilton, by Juan Pantoxana.

Pole says, "he conveyed the same (Olditch) unto Mountjoy,
his base supposed son, who nowe enjoy eth the same" — this
was Mountjoy Blount (one of his children by Penelope Rich)
who was afterward created, in 1627, Baron Mountjoy by
James I, and in the year following Earl of Newport by
Charles I, who died in 1665, and either himself or one of his

The Brook Family. 77

descendants, sold it to Mr. John Bowditch, from whom it was
acquired in 1714, by an ancestor of Mr. Bragge, of Sad-
borough, in Thorncombe, its present possessor. Arms of
Blount, Barry nebuUe of six., or and sable.

Weycroft was sold by Charles Blount, Earl of Devon, ac-
cording to Pole " unto John Bennet, Sherif of London, whose
son Mr. Bennet no we enjoy eth it." He disposed of the manor
in parcels, and it is now divided among various owners.

In a social, if not in a political aspect, Charles Blount was
as great a transgressor as the hapless man, a large portion of
whose confiscated possessions he did not hesitate to accept.
And it proved to be no bar in that unscrupulous age, to the
bestowal of an Earldom both on the father and his unhappily
begotten son, nor hinder at their deaths, the burial of the
elder in Westminster Abbey, and the younger in Christ
Church Cathedral, Oxford. But Nemesis appeared at their
graves-side, where their " honours " perished with them.

So concludes our little history of the knightly Brooks, and
their possessions in these western parts. The wayfarer, who,
carrying within his memory its three centuries of incident,
regards the departed importance of Weycroft, and views on
the site of their first home, the solitary ivy-clad tower at
Olditch — sole relic of its former dignity — standing amid the
grass-grown foundations, over which

" Stern ruin's ploughshare drives elate,"

ind joins with it the mournful climax that extinguished their
tonours and fame, in the sad fate that befel their last heredi-
iry possessor, in the grander surroundings of Cobham : sees
them a striking instance of the instability and transitory
character of the belongings to human life, which no station
;an shield, nor wealth avert, or rescue from the sentence of
loom which Time pronounces on all earthly things.

78 Papers, §-c.

From the banks of the Axe our steps first led us to Olditch,
and having- completed the circuit of our little investigation,
terminate in this particular at Weycroft, close overlooking
that delightful stream — home of the speckled trout, haunt of the
stately heron, the flashing kingfisher, the bounding swallow —
and by whose ripe we return to the place from whence they
first set out. The air is radiant writh summer sunshine, the
red kine are dozing and dreaming in the grateful shadow of
the tall elms, the bee and butterfly are bustling and flickering
among the reeds, the golden iris, the purple flags, that fringe
its margin, and all is contentment and peace. Musingly we
ask, who, privileged to dwell amid these pure enjoyments,
which Nature with perennial hand spreads so bountifully, that
bring no care or alloy, would, listening to the syren voice of
ambition, be tempted to forsake them for the glamour of
Courts, the smiles and suspicions of Princes, with, as we have
seen, the attendant dangers of the confiscator's hand, the
prison door, the headsman's axe, the exile's fate, an unknown
grave ?

LET ME, INGLORIOUS. LOVE THE STREAMS AND WOODS.

Dn tfje 3|nquisitione!§ post Of ortem fot Somerset
from l£>enrp ffi to Etcbaro Em (12164485).

BY EDWARD ALEXANDER FRY.

IT may be useful to those who have not had much experi-
ence in early genealogical history to state briefly* what
inquisitiones post mortem were and wherein lies their useful-
ness to us in these latter days.

Inquisitiones post mortem were one of the most distinctive
features of the feudal system in England ; they were intro-
duced in the reign of Henry III, about 1216, and continuing
to be held throughout the course of nearly 450 years were
only formally abolished on the accession of Charles II to the
throne, though they had practically ceased to be taken after
1640.

When a person, whether male or female, died seized of
lands in capite, that is holding them from the Crown, a writ
was issued to the escheator of the county directing that an in-
[uisition should be held in order to ascertain of what lands he
died seized, of whom and by what services the same were held,
when he died, and who was his next heir. If the heir hap-
>ened to be a minor the lands descending to him were held in

Much fuller accounts will be found in the introduction to the abstracts of
iquisitiones published in " Dorset Records " and in various genealogical hand-
)ks, as, for instance, Sim's "Manual," p. 123 ; Rye's " Records and Record
Searching," p. 85; Phillimore's "How to trace the History of a family,"
130 ; and particularly the introduction to the " Calendarium Genealogicum,"
Roberts, and Mr. Scargill-Bird's " Guide to the Public Records," p. 141.

80 Papers, frc.

ward by the Crown till he came of age. The wardship was
generally a very lucrative business, because the rents and
profits of the estate went to the person having charge of the
heir till his coming of age, so that wardships were frequently
bought from the Crown for large sums of money.

On the heir attaining his majority he had to sue out his
" ousterlemain ; " in other words he had to obtain delivery
from the Crown of the lands for which he was in ward after
first proving to the Court's satisfaction that he was of age.

As may be expected payments of a very exacting nature
were extorted on all these occasions of death, proof of age,
and delivery of lands.

It will be seen, therefore, from the above brief outline, that
Inquisitiones post mortem are very useful to genealogists of
the present day, because in them are recorded the most minute
particulars of the deceased's landed property ; names of
manors long since passed out of existence, field names, names
of tenants, etc., etc., are often given, likewise many interest-
ing details as to the services by which the property was held.
The date of the deceased's death, the heir's name, relationship,
and age at time of his predecessor's death are all stated on the
oath of twelve men appointed as a jury.

Proceeding now to a few particulars respecting the Calen-
dar of Inquisitiones post mortem for Somerset, it should be
remarked that in 1806 it was ordered by Parliament that a
calendar be printed of the inquisitiones then kept in the Tower
of London, but since that date deposited in the Public Record
Office. The outcome of this order was that between 1806
and 1828 four large folio volumes were issued under the direc-
tion of the Commissioners of Public Records, covering the
period between the reigns of Henry III and Richard III,
which volumes may be consulted in most of the public lib-
raries in the Kingdom.

These four volumes give the names of the people on whose

and Rniarvt of the farter*

From an Old Engraving.

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 81

properties the inquisitiones were held and the names of the
manors, etc., and the counties in which they are situated, but
fail to give any further information.

As a partial remedy for these omissions there appeared in
1865 two volumes entitled " Calendarium Genealogicum," by
Mr. Charles Roberts, which, for the reigns of Henry III and
Edward I, gives short abstracts of the inquisitiones, stating
the heir and his age at the taking of the inquisition, and
many other particulars omitted in the calendars published by
the Commissioners.

It was a great pity the " Calendarium Genealogicum " was
not carried out for the whole of the period covered by the
official calendar, for by combining the two one might have
arrived at the pith of all the inquisitiones down to Richard III,
whereas now recourse has to be made to the documents them-
selves for any inquisition that occurs after Edward I.

The calendar of Somerset inquisitiones here given is a com-
pilation of all that relate to this county from the four volumes,
with such corrections and additions as appear in the copy
kept at the Public Record Office, thus rendering it more
reliable and up-to-date.

What the compiler would like to see carried out by degrees,
is, that full abstracts in English of these valuable documents
should be made as far as Somerset is concerned, when many
an obscure point in mediaeval genealogies would be cleared up
and set completely at rest. With a little combination by
people interested in these subjects, or even by a small sum de-
voted to it year by year by this Society, this desirable object
could in course of time be effected, and thus place Somerset
foremost among the counties having materials for a history of
its early times.

EDW. ALEX. FRY.

Vol. XLI V (Third Series, Vol. IV), Part IL

TABLE OF REGNAL YEARS.

HENRY III

A.D.

1216—1272

HENRY IV A.D.

1399—1413

EDWARD I

1272—1307

55 * 55

1413—1422

» "

1307—1327

„ VI „

1422—1461

„ III

1327—1377

EDWARD IV „

1461—1483

RICHARD II

1377—1399

55 ' 55

1483

RICHARD III „

1483—1485

CALENDAR or INQUISITIONES POST MORTEM FOR
SOMERSET FROM HENRY III TO RICHARD III

(1216—1485).

THIS calendar is not confined to inquisitiones post mortem
only ; there are also inquisitiones ad quod damnum, proofs of
age, documents dealing with the properties of lunatics and
idiots, fugitives and felons, inquisitiones taken on special occa-
sions, as, for instance, to ascertain boundaries, rights to hold
fairs, markets, fisheries and ferries, or to inquire into tithes,
common of pasture, and free warren.

In many of the years in Edward Ill's reign there are two
series of numbers to the inquisitiones, the second of which are
called " 2nd numbers." They are identified in this calendar
by an asterisk,* and when applying for a document thus
marked, care should always be taken to add the words u 2nd
numbers."

11 Edw. I, 56

The King (concerning the Honors of Babyngton,

Hardington, Holcombe and Radestok,

members of the Hundred of Kemnersdon) j
Concerning the manor of Horsington, deest ... 8 Edw. II, 66

The King, Jnquis. ad inquirend., (concerning j 1IT 75

Kingeswere fishery.) j

The King, Inquis. ad inquirend., (concerning the

manors of Bishopestone, Clonewurde,

Cruche, Cymoch, Gerlintone, and Tyn-

tehale.)

7 Rich. II, HI

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 83

The King, Inquis. ad inquirend., (concerning the | 1st part

manor of Spacheton, etc.) ) 15 Rich. II, 118

The King (concerning the manors of Chilton )

}• 3 Hen. IV, 66
Cauntelowe, Hardmgton, etc.) )

Abbadam, John, and Elizabeth, his wife 27 Edw. I, 132

Abbotsbury, Abbottesbury, Abbot of. Ing. ad q. (L 17 Hen. VI, 63

,, Abbodesbury, Abbot of, pro John de Brudeport

3 Edw. Ill, 11*
„ Abrodesbury Abbey, per Thomas de Luda

and Alianora, his wife. Inq. ad q. d. 33 Edw. I, 242
Abergavenny see Bergevenny.

Abroghton, John, sen. app. 8 Hen. VII, 1

Achard, Thomas, see Luscote, Joan.

,, Thomas, kin and heir of Johannis de Knovill'

32 Edw. Ill, 56

Acre, Walter del 36 Hen. Ill, 32

Acton, John de, and Sibilla, his wife 6 Edw. II, 55

,, Richard de, chev. pro Priory of Munechene Barowe

35 Edw. Ill, 20*
,, Richard de, miles, pro Abbey of Glastonbury

38 Edw. Ill, 46*

„ Richard de, pro Priory of Barouwe 44 Edw. Ill, 46*

Adymot, Robert, see Braunche.

Albemarl, Albamarl, William 17 Edw. I, 22

„ Albamarlia, William de 1st part, 36 Edw. Ill, 5

Albiniaco, William de Inq. manca, 13 Edw. I, 1

Phillip 19 Edw. I, 23

Ralph de 20 Edw. I, 27

Albinyaco, Philip de 22 Edw. I, 38

Elias de 33 Edw. I, 81

Elie, see Heyle, John 3 Edw. II, 4

„ Ralph, son and heir of Elias de 11 Edw. II, 53

„ Elie de, John de Holte, de herede de 14 Edw. II, 21

Albe Aule, Priory of, Ivelchester, see Bryen Guido.
Aldham, Francis de 1 Edw. Ill, 7

Alvardeston, Parson of, see Daumerle, Wm.

84 Papers, Sec.

Alwy, Walter 5 Edw. II, 24

Arnorey, Gilbert, pro Abbey of Kaynesham. Inq. ad q. d.

34 Edw. I, 125
,, Amori, Gilbert, of Keynesham, pro Abbey of

Keynesham. Inq. ad q. d. 33 Edw. I, 22£

Andrewe, Elizabeth, wife of John, arm. 1 Hen VI, 21

Appulton, Robert, gen. app. 13 Hen. VIII,

Archiaco, Adomar de 7 Edw. II, 5(

Arthur, Richard 21 Edw. IV, 1'

Arundell, Richard, Earl of, see Bohun, Humfrey.

„ Thomas 12 Edw. Ill, 11

„ Edmund de, miles 48 Edw. Ill, 9:

,, John de, miles, and Alianor, his wife 3 Rich. II,

Richard, Earl of 6 Rich. II, 15<

„ Richard, Earl of, and Phillippa, his wife 21 Rich. II,

,, Richard, Earl of extra bundle, 21 Rich. II,

„ Alianora, wife of John 6 Hen. IV, 31

John, Earl of 13 Hen. VI, 31

„ Matilda, wife of John, Earl of 15 Hen. VI,

„ Catherine, formerly wife of Roger Leukenou

19 Edw. IV,

„ Joan, wife of Nicholas, of Trerishe 22 Edw. IV,

Asschlonde, John de 6 Edw. II, 52*

Asseleg, Walter de 40 Hen. Ill, 5

Assheton, Robert de, chev. 7 Rich. II,

Asthorp, William, chev. 1 Hen. IV, 4^

Athelney, Abbot of, see Hayt, Henry.

„ Abbey of, see Beauchamp, John.

„ Athelygneye, Abbot of, see Sydenham, Richard.

„ Athelyngye, Abbey of. Inq. ad q. d. 33 Edw. I,

„ Abbot of, placita 7 Rich II, 157

Atte Berough, Peter, pro Chapel in Holy Cross, Temple

Church, Bristol. 2nd part, 15 Rich. II, 80

Atte Forde, Valentine, pro Cecilia Turbervile 43 Edw. Ill, 55*

chaplin 45 Edw. Ill, 33*

Atte Hull, Christina, wife of John 9 Hon. IV, 37

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 85

Atte Hull, Nicholas, son of John and Cristina,

probatio etatis 2 Hen. V, 56

„ Nicliolas, son of John 2 Hen. V, 56

Atte Lode, Hugh,/«Zo 34 Edw. I, 85

,, Thomas, and Simon Michel, placila 8 Rich. II, 104

Atte Mulle, John, and Matilda, and John de Blakenale

18 Edw. Ill, 3*

Atte Ree, Thomas and Alena 33 Edw. Ill, 54*

Atte Zerde, John,/efo 4 Rich. II, 85

Atton, John de, pro Abbey of St. Augustine's, Bristol

32 Edw. Ill, 28*
Aubyne, Ralph de, chev., feoftavit Ralph de Aubyne

20 Edw. Ill, 29*

Audeham, Thomas de 4 Edw. I, 45

Audley, Nicholas, Lord, see Hillary, Margaret.

,, Audele, James de. Inquis. de valore maner' 27 Edw. Ill, 38
„ Audeley, James de, of Heley, chev. 9 Rich. II, 1

,, Audelegh, Nicholas de, chev., and Elizabeth, his wife

1st part, 15 Rich. II, 1

„ „ Elizabeth, wife of Nicholas, mil. 17 Rich. II, 75

„ Audeley, Elizabeth, wife of Nicholas de, chev.

2 Hen. IV, 56
,, „ ,, wife of John Tucketmil

null ten. terr. 25 Hen. VI, 33

Auno, Godfrey de 43 Hen. Ill, 2

,, Aunoh, Godfrey de Uncertain, Hen. III. 252

Averenges, John de 42 Hen. Ill, 12

Baa, see Bath.

Badelesmere, Giles, and Elizabeth, see Despenser.
Bagge, Cecilia, and Robert, see Blaunchesale, Prioress of.
Bagge worth, John de, see Keynsham Abbey.

illif, William, jun. 49 Edw. Ill, 76

lakeler, John, and Sibilla 30 Edw. Ill, 48*

laker, Thomas 47 Edw. Ill, 49*

lakhous, John, and Alice, per Botreaux, William, sen.

14 Rich. II, 75

Papers, 8fc.

Ball, Thomas, of Balles-Heyes 20 Rich. IT, 59

Balon, John 5 Hen. V, 44

Banastre, William 19 Rich. II, 6

Bardeye, Thomas de, of Bristol 24 Edw. I, 44

Barbe, Thomas, appreciations terrarum 13 Rich. II, 77

Barouwe, Priory of, see Acton, Richard de.

Barre, Joan, widow 2 Rich. Ill, 10

Barun, Walter 35 Edw. I, 1

Bar we, William, and William Brewere, pro Priory of Bruton

7 Rich. II, 106

Basset, John, pro Prior de Bath 32 Edw. I, 133

Edmund 4 Edw. IT, 41

„ Alice, d. and h. John B. 5 Rich. II, 8

John 6 Rich. II, 16

John 7 Rich. II, 166

., Bassett, John, son of Simon, chev. 13 Rich. II, 4

„ John, father of Margaret, wife of Walter Broun

21 Rich. II, 105

Basyng, Gilbert, and Sibilla, his wife 1 6 Hen. VI, 45

Bath (Baa), Prior of, see Dudmerton, John de.

Osbert de 24 Edw. I, 49

„ Reginald de 39 Hen. Ill, 22

„ Bishop of, see Harewelle, John de.

„ House of the King there, breve tantum 51 Hen. IIT, 57

„ Priory of, see Forde, Henry de.
,, „ see Forde, Thomas de.

„ Prior of, see Rodeneye, Walter de.
„ Priory of, see Vynour, William.

Prior de, John Basset, pro 32 Edw. I, 133

Priory, per Peter Fil. Robert. Inq. ad q. d. 33 Edw. I, 231
„ „ per Bp. of Bath and Wells. Inq. ad q. d.

33 Edw. I, 240

„ per John Sheot 13 Rich. II, 122

„ „ per William Botreaux, mil. 38 and 39 Hen. VI, 61

Bathe, Robert 5 Hen. VI, 62

Bathon, William de, chev., and John de 4 Edw. Ill, 29*

On the Inquisitional Post Mortem for Somerset. 87

Bath and Wells, Bishop of, see Harwell, John.

„ Bishop of, see Rodeney, Walter de.

„ Bishop of, and Joan de Lideyard 9 Edw. I, 80

„ Robert Burnell, Bp. of 21 Edw. I, 50

Bishop of 30 Edw. 1, 34

,, Walter, Bp. of, pro Richard de Rodeney e,

and Lucy, his wife 32 Edw. I, 99

„ Bp. of, pro Bath Priory. Inq. ad q. d.

33 Edw. I, 240

,, Walter, Bishop of, pro decan' of St. Andrew's

church, Wells. Inq. ad q. d. 34 Edw. I, 179

Bishop of, John de Drokensford 3 Edw. Ill, 41

Bishop of, Ralph 22 Edw. Ill, 69*

Ralph, Bishop of 32 Edw. Ill, 36*

„ Ralph, Bishop of, pro William and

Margaret le Bole 37 Edw. Ill, 20*

„ John, Bishop of 45 Edw. Ill, 66*

Baudryp, Adam 28 Edw. I, 97

Baumfeld, Walter, arm. 18 Edw. IV, 32

Bavaria, Matilda, wife of William, Duke of Bavaria, daughter
and heir of Henry, Duke of Lancaster

1st part, 36 Edw. Ill, 37

Baynton, Beynton, John, mil. 5 Edw. IV, 30

„ Robert, of Farleston, mil. attainted . 15 Edw. IV, 43

Bays, Robert, clericus, appreciation terrarum 1 Rich. II, 89

Beauchamp, William de, see Gournay, Matthew de
„ John de, see Meriet, John.

,, John, see Scoland, Franco de.

„ John de. see Seymor, Cecilia.

,, John, see Cecilia Turbervile.

„ Bello Campo, John de 12 Edw. I, 30

John de 14 Edw. I, 25

„ John de, pro Capell' de S. Nich' de Stoke

super Hameldon. Inq. ad q. d. 30 Edw. I, 72
Cecilia de 14 Edw. II, 38

John de 10 Edw. Ill, 42

„ John, and Margaret 17 Edw. Ill, 58

88 Papers., §*c.

Beauchamp, John, son and heir of John, of Somerset,

probatio cetatis 24 Edw. Ill, 135

„ John, of Somerset 26 Edw. Ill, 30*

William de 29 Edw. Ill, 24

„ Margaret, wife of John de 1st part, 35 Edw. [II, 35

„ John 1st part, 35 Edw. Ill, 36

„ William, chev., pro Matthew de Gourney

48 Edw. Ill, 7*
„ John de, of Lillisdon, chev., pro Abbot of

Athelney 6 Rich. II, 156

„ William, arm. 7 Hen. V, 61

„ Richard de, Earl of Warwick 17 Hen, VI, 5'

„ Isabella, formerly Countess of Warwick 18 Hen. VI,

Thomas, mil. 22 Hen. VI, 3]

„ Henry de, Duke of Warwick 24 Hen. VI, 4;

„ Anna, dau. of H., Duke of Warwick,

messuages in Bristol 28 Hen. VI, 33

,, Margaret, wife of John, arm., null ten. terr.

37 Hen. VI, 38
Beauford, see Somerset, Earls of.

,, Henry, s and h. of John, Earl of Somerset

3 Hen. VI, 18
Beaumont, Beaumonte, Isabella, wife of William, arm.

2 Hen. VI, 28

Beaumond, Thomas, mil. 29 Hen. VI, 3(

William, arm. 32 Hen. VI, 28

„ Beamont, Philip 13 Edw. IV, 50

Becket, Richard, arm. 14 Hen. IV, 11

Bedford, John, duke of 14 Hen. VI, 36

Bel, Robert le 40 Hen. Ill, 18

Bello Campo, see Beauchamp.

Benet, William, Capellanus 38 Edw. Ill, 44*

„ Thomas, lands of John Delyngton, retinere possit,

5 Rich. II, 89

Benpine, Margaret, wife of Thomas 10 Hen. IV, 23

Bercham, Isolda, see Clerc, Isolda.

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 89

Bere, Richard de la, pro Edmund Everard, parson of

Colstreworth 2 Edw. Ill, 38*

„ Richard de la 19 Edw. Ill, 34

Bergevenny, Lord of, John de Hastynges 18 Edw. II, 83

Berkeley, Berkelay, Thomas de, pro Prioress of Boclond

Inq. ad. q. d. 34 Edw. I, 178

„ Maurice de 9 Edw. I, 27

Berkele, Thomas de 11 Edw. I, 117

„ John de, de Erlyngham 14 Edw. II, 24

„ Thomas de 15 Edw. II, 46

,, Maurice, son of Thomas de, manca 1 Edw. Ill, 54

,, Berkele, Thomas de, pro Priory of St. John

of Jerusalem 18 Edw. Ill, 5*

,, „ Thomas de, and Katherine of Ule

1st part, 35 Edw. Ill, 11

„ „ Thomas de, chev. 1st part, 35 Edw. Ill, 12

„ Thomas 1st part, 35 Edw. Ill, 124

„ Berkle, Maurice, son of Thomas de, chev. 42 Edw. Ill, 12

,, Catherine, wife of Thomas de, chev. 9 Rich. II, 10

„ Berkele, Catherine, wife of Thos. de,mil. 12 Rich II, 160

„ Elizabeth, wife of Maurice, chev. 13 Rich. II, 1

,, Cecilia, wife of Nicholas de, chev. 17 Rich. II, 5

,, Maurice de, inquis. ad inquirend. 18 Rich. II, 109

,, Berkelee, Thomas de, chev., and Margaret, his wife

5 Hen, V, 50

,, Maurice de, chev. 1 Hen. VI, 23

John, chev. 6 Hen. VI, 50

Maurice, of Beverston, co. Glouc., mil.

38 and 39, Hen. VI, 57

Maurice, mil., of Ulegh 4 Edw. IV, 29

Maurice, of Beverston, mil 14 Edw. IV, 41

John, arm. 19 Edw. IV, 40

lerkerolles, William, pro Abbey of Clyve. Inq. ad q. d.

20 Edw. I, 108

terlegh, Thomas, and James Husse, chev., placita 8 Rich. £1, 116
lerliche, prior of 14 Rich. II, 120

>ermondseye, Abbot of, de placita 5 Hen. V, 60a

Vol. X LI V (Third Series, Vol. IV), Part II. m

90 Papers, £c.

Bersiles, Besyles, Mathias 24 Edw. I, 2

„ Elizabeth, wife of Matthew de 8 Edw. II, 38

,, Besilles, Thomas, chev. 3 Rich. II, 6

„ Besyls, John, son of John, s. and h. of Thomas, chev.

7 Rich. II, 18

,, Catherine, wife of Thomas de, chev. 7 Hen. IV, 33

?, % Peter, mil. 3 Hen. VI, 28

Besyles, Peter, chev. 14 Hen. VI, 42

„ Besylys, John, null. ten. terr. 37 Hen. VI, 22

Bettesthorne, John 22 Rich. II, 6

„ John de, pro Chantry of Meere 22 Rich. II, 99

Bettevill, William 18 Edw. Ill, 45*

Bevyle, Agnes, wife of John, arm. 20 Hen. VI, 10

Bikcombe, Hugh, arm. 38 and 39 Hen. VI, 44

Bikeley, Bykeleye, William de 13 Edw. I, 15b

Bikeleye, William 35 Hen. Ill, 49

Bingham, William de 7 Edw. II, 15

Byngham, William de 30 Edw. Ill, 28b, 60

Blakenale, John de, see Atte Mulle, John.

Blakett, Margaret, wife of John, chev. 8 Hen. V, 38

Blaunchesale, Prioress and nuns of, per Bagge, Cecilia,

and Robert, her son. Inq. ad. q. d. 9 Edw. I, 79
Bluet, Joan, see Lovell, Joan.

John, arm. 3 Edw. IV, 25

„ Walter, arm. 21 Edw. IV, 56

Blund, David le 17 Edw. II, 53

John de 48 Hen. Ill, 5

Blunt, Edmund, arm. 8 Edw. IV, 50

„ Simon, s. and h. of Edmund, arm. 16 Edw. IV, 79

Bochard, Anne, now wife of Thomas Latymer 3 Hen. IV, 30

Boclond, Abbess of, per Thomas de Berkelay. Inq. ad q. d.

34 Edw. I, 178
,, see also Bokeland.

Bodecle, Robert Fromond, parson of 11 Rich. II, 97

Bodrugan, Henry, arm. 3 Edw. IV, 39

„ 4 Edw. IV, 64

5 Edw. IV, 61

On the Inquisitioncs Post Mortem for Somerset. 91

Bohun, Alianora, daughter and heir of Humphry de,

see Gloucester, Alianora

„ of Kilpeck, Joan de 1 Edw. Ill, 81

„ Humfrey de, Earl of Hereford and Essex,
and Joan, his wife, dau. of Rich.,
Earl of Arundel 46 Edw. Ill, 10

,, Alianora, daughter of Henry, see Gloucester,

Duke of, Thomas 21 Rich. II, 29

Bokelond, Thomas de, see Meryet, John.

,, Boukeland, Matilda, wife of Thomas, chev. 21 Rich. II, 5

„ see also Boclond.

Bole, William and Margaret, see Bath and Wells, Bishop of.

„ Alice, wife of Thomas 9 and 10 Edw. IV. 36

Bolevyle, Nicholas de, chiv. pro Prior of Taunton 1 4 Edw. Ill, 48*
Boleyn, Thomas, and John Trevenaunt, clerici, pro
Dean and Chapter of Cathedral of
Wells. Inq. ad quod. dam. 27—33 Hen. VI, 25
Boneham, Thomas, arm. 13 Edw. IV, 41

Bonvil, Bonevile, Lady Elizabeth, see Harington, Elizabeth.
,, Bonville, Elizabeth, see Stucle, Elizabeth,

Nicholas 48 Hen. Ill, 37

„ Bonevill, Hawisia, wife of Nicholas, Also
Inq. p. m. of said Nicholas, who died
first — said Hawis was previously wife
of Thomas de Pyne 23 Edw. I, 44

„ Boneville, William, for Guido de Brian 41 Edw. Ill, 27*
Bonevyle, William 41 Edw. Ill, 45*

Bonevyll, John, and Elizabeth, his wife 20 Rich. II., 11
Bonvile, William, chev. 9 Hen. IV, 42

„ „ William, son of Thomas 14 Hen. IV, 12

„ Boneville, Margaret, wife of William 1 Hen. V, 34

„ Bonevile, William, arm. 4 Hen. VI, 9

„ „ John, arm. 4 Hen. VI, 19

,, „ Alice, wife of William, chev., formerly

wife of John Rodenay, chev. 4 Hen. VI, 34

„ Boneville, William, mil., of Chilton 1 Edw. IV, 37

Thomas, arm. 6 Edw. IV, 46

92 Papers, £c.

Bonvil, Bonvyle, John, sen., arm., of Dylyngton 1 Rich. Ill, 17

„ Bonevyle, John, arm. App. 9 Hen. VII, 2

Bonham, Walter 16 Edw. IV, 69

Bosco, John de 3 Edw. II, 42

Boteler, John, mil. 17 Edw. IV, 25

,, James, Earl of Ormond 7 Hen. V, 49

,, James, Earl of Ormond 6 Rich. II, 15

., Alianor, Countess of Ormond 37 Edw. Ill, 24

„ James, Earl of 31 Hen. VI, 11

„ Botiller, James le, Earl of Ormond 7 Rich. II, 13

„ „ Elizabeth, wife of James le, Earl of

Ormond, assignation dotis 8 Rich. II, 102

„ „ Elizabeth, wife of James, Earl of

Ormond 13 Rich. II, 5

„ John of Hoke, attainted 12 Edw. IV, 21

Boter, John 31 Edw. Ill, 13*

Botreaux, William, and Elizabeth, see D'Aubeneye, Ralph.
„ Lord of, see Stafford, John.

Reginald de 20 Edw. Ill, 7

„ Botereux, William de 28 Edw. Ill, 76

„ Botreux, William, chev., pro Nicholas

de Cadebury 35 Edw. Ill, 7*

„ William de extenta terrarum 5 Rich. II. 71

,, William, sen., chev. pro John Bakhous

and Alice, his wife 14 Rich. II, 75

„ William, sen., chev. 1st part, 15 Rich. II, 6

„ William de, chev., and Elizabeth, his wife 18 Rich. II, 5

William chev., who died 18 Rich. II. 13 Hen. TV, 17

,, William, s. and h. of William de probatione

etatis 13 Hen. IV, 48

„ Elizabeth, wife of William, mil., defunct 12 Hen, VI, 24

William, mil., pro priory of Bath 38 and 39 Hen. VI, 61

William, mil. 2 Edw. IV, 15

„ Margaret, Lady, wife of Robert Hungerford

18 Edw IV, 40

Boupoyne, Thomas 5 Hen. IV, 40

Bourne, Alice 14 Edw. IV, 9

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset.

Boyl, Nicholas, Vicar of Redeclyve, see Lyouns, Thomas.
Bradeneye, Joachim de 17 Edw. II. 50

Simon de 4 Edw. Ill, 109*

Bratton, Peter 2nd part, 16 Rich. II, 37

„ Thomas, s. and h. of Peter de, probatio etatis

22 Rich. II, 124

„ Peter de 2nd part, 16 Rich. II, 142

Thomas 38 and 39 Hen. VI. 37

„ John 5 Edw. IV, 1

„ John, son of Simon 6 Edw. IV, 60

Braunche, Joan 8 Edw. I, 1

„ Andrew, s. and h. of Nicholas, probatio etatis

7 Edw. Ill, 46

„ Andrew, chev., pro Robert Adymot 19 Edw. Ill, 20*

„ Andrew 2nd part, 23 Edw. Ill, 98

„ Thomas, son of Andrew 34 Edw. Ill, 58

„ John, per Philip Bryene, chev. 11 Rich. II., 80

Brembill (Brombill), Agnes 10 Rich. II, 124

Brent, Robert, mil. 9 Hen. V., 25

Bret, Ralph le 10 Edw. I, 9

Brewere, William, and William Barwe, pro priory

of Bruton 7 Rich. II, 106

Brian, Guido de, see Boneville, William.

„ see also Bryen.

Brice, Richard, and Edith, see Erlegh, John de
Bridgwater, Hospital, St. John, see Redemore, Henry de.
„ Hospital of, see Redmore, Henry.

„ St. John's Hospital, see Walsymgham, John de.

„ Hospital of St. John, see Fitz James, Thomas.

„ Hospital, St. John, see Cadecote, Thomas de.

,, Hospital of St. John Baptist of. Inq. ad. q. d.

12 Edw. I, 64
,, Master of the Hospital of St. John at,

acquired from Robert Wigbere 1 Edw. Ill, 106*
„ Hospital of St. John Baptist 3 Rich. II, 95

„ St. Mary's Church, per John de Sydenham

2nd part, 16 Rich. II, 101

94 Papers, fyc.

Bridport (co. Dorset), Brudeport, John de, see

Abbotesbury, Abbot of.

„ Brudeport, William de 2 Edw. II, 74

Bristol, All Saints, see Excestre, Phillip of. 20 Rich. II, 67

„ Bailly, Richard, chaplain 45 Edw. Ill, 64*

„ Mayor of, per John Barstable 18 Rich. II, 70

„ Mayor of 1st part, 16 Rich. II, 45

„ Inquis. de depretatione navium A Hen. VI, 23

„ „ ad inquirend. libertatis 47 Edw. Ill, 89*

„ ,, de custuma, etc, 13 Edw. I, 122

,, Carmelite Brothers of Bristol, per John de

Villa Torta 17 Edw. I, 35

,, Gloucester homines liberi fuerunt theolonio

apud Bristol Uncertain, Hen. Ill, 66

,, Gaunt College, Master of, for a Chantry in

Bristol. Inq. ad. q. d. 30 Hen. VII, 1

„ Holy Cross Chapel in, see Atte Berough, Peter

2nd part, 15 Rich, II, 80
„ „ Chaplain of, see Dyare, Wm.

2nd part, 16 Rich. II, 46
„ Kalend, De statu domus priorat' de. Inq. ad. q. d.

18 Hen. VI, 2

Knights' Templars (Fratres malicie Templi) 37 Hen. Ill, 38
,, St. Augustine's Priory (or Abbey), Henry,

Presidens de 45 Edw. Ill, 72*

see Atton, John de 32 Edw. Ill, 28*

„ Gornay, John de 26 Edw. Ill, 35*

„ Lyons, Edmund 4 Edw. Ill, 115*

„ Panes, Richard 16 Edw. II, 149

St. John's Church, see Cowely, William 13 Rich. II, 83

„ „ „ „ Knyghton, John 13 Rich. II, 118

„ „ Hospital, see Burne, Wm. de 32 Edw. I, 141

„ „ „ Inq. ad q. d.

33 Edw. I, 196

St. Nicholas, see Wylkyns, John, sen. 6 Rich. II, 137

„ St. Thomas, see Cheddre, Robert 6 Rich. II, 101

„ „ ,, Fortescue, John. Inq. ad. q. d.

38 Hen. VI, 7

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 95

Bristol, Tenements, etc, in, see Bardeye, Thomas 24 Edw. I, 44

Cannings, William 8 Edw. IV, 65
„ ,, Gloucester, Thomas, Duke of

21 Rich. II, 121

„ „ Gyene, Robert 27 Edw. Ill, 52

,, „ London, John de

App. 14 Edw. Ill, 8

„ „ Malverne, Thomas 7 Hen. V, 38b

Middleworth, John 21 Rich II, 77
Say, James, Lord of 29 Edw. VI, 11
Thorp, John 9 and 10 Edw. IV, 13
,, „ Warwick, Anna, dau. of

Henry, Duke of 28 Hen. VI, 33

Britache, John 15 Edw. I, 20

Briwes, Robert de 4 Edw. I, 46

„ Brywes, John de 21 Edw. I, 32

Briweton, Prior of 40 Hen. Ill, 12

Brok, Nicholas, pro Abbey of Muchelney 2nd part, 15 Rich II, 35

„ Henry de 18 Edw. II, 72

Broke, John, son of Henry de la, senior 1 Edw. Ill, 43

Brombill, see Brembill.

Brooke, Broke, John le 22 Edw. Ill, 26

„ Thomas, chev. 5 Hen. V, 54

„ Joan, wife of Thomas, mil. 15 Hen. VI, 62

„ Booke (sic) Thomas, mil. 17 Hen. VI, 32

Edward, of Cobham 4 Edw. IV, 26

Broughton, Phillippa, wife of John Dynham 5 Edw. IV, 18

Broun, Walter, and Margaret, see Basset, John.

Bruere, Bruare, Lady Joan 49 Hen. Ill, 5

„ Priory of, William Michel, pro. Inq. ad. q. d. 19 Edw. I, 36

Brumpton, Church of St. Andrew, per Peter de

Deverey. Inq. ad. q. d. 34 Edw. I, 186

Brunger, Richard 31 Edw. Ill, 58

Brut, Walter le 4 Edw. I, 22

Brut on, Priory of, see Bar we, William.
„ „ „ Wellesegh, Philip.

„ ,, „ Merston, John de.

96 Papers, §*c.

Brut on, Priory of, see Mersshton.

,, Brueton, Prior of, Thomas, Bp. of Exeter, pro.

28 Edw. I, 115
Bryen, Guido, chev., pro Priory Albe Aule de Ivelchester

48 Edw. Ill, 30 *
,, Brian, see Boneville, William

Bryene, Guido Miles 48 Edw. Ill, 34*

„ „ Brien, Philip, chev. 10 Rich. II, 7

,, ,, Philip, chev., pro John Braunche 11 Rich. II, 8(

„ „ Brien, William, chev. 20 Rich. II,

„ „ William, chev. 22 Rich. II, 1

„ ,, Joan, wife of William, chev.,

assignations dotis 21 Rich. II,

Brysford, rector of 4 Rich. II, 12(

Buckland, see Boclond and Bokelond.
Bukyngham, Henry de 41 Edw. Ill, 37:

Bulbek, John, see Thorne, Henry.
Bullesdon, Thomas, arm 13 Edw. IV, 3<

Burcy, Robert deest Uncertain, Hen. Ill,

Bures, John de 24 Edw. Ill, 101

Burghershe, Burgherssh, Bartholomew, sen. 29 Edw. Ill,

,, Barthol., see Despenser, Edward de.

Burgo, John de 3 Edw. I. 61

„ John de 8 Edw. I,

Burne, William de, pro Master of St. John's Hospital

at Bristol 32 Edw. 1, 141

., William de, pro St. John's Hospital, Bristol.

Inq. ad q. d. 33 Edw. I, 19(

„ William de, pro Abbot of Glaston. Inq. ad q. d.

34 Edw. I, 2

Burnell, Philip 22 Edw. I, 41

„ Robert, Bp. of Bath and Wells 21 Edw. I, 5(

„ Edward, and Alice, his wife 9 Edw. IT, 67

„ Burnel, Alice, wife of Edward mil. 37, Edw. Ill, 14

„ „ Alina, wife of Edward 40 Edw. Ill, 11

John 48 Edw. Ill, 4

Nicholas, chev. 6 Rich. II, 20

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 97

Burnell, Hugh, chev., lord of Holgote and Weolegh 8 Hen. V, 116
„ Agnes, widow of Tristram 19 Edw. IV, 36

Bush, Ralph, arm., breve tantum 19 Hen. VI, 1

„ Ralph, arm. 20 Hen. VI, 26

Butler, see Boteler.
By god, Roger le, Earl of Norfolk, and Marshall of

England, and Alice, his wife 35 Edw. I, 46

Byrte, John 18 Edw. IV, 38

Cadebury, Nicholas de, see Botreux, William.
Cade cole, Thomas de, magister hospital St. John,

Bridgewater, tenere possit. 5 Rich. IT, 83

Caille, als Keyle, William 44 Edw. Ill, 15

Campo Florido, Matthew de. Inquis. manca and

imperfecta 2 Edw. II, 60

Cannings, William, licenc. dandi ad cantar. in Bri&toll

8 Edw. IV, 65

„ Canynges, William, of Bristol 6 Edw. IV, 57

Cannington, Prioress of, see Fitzpayn, Robert.

„ Priory, see Crosse, Robert.

Cantelo, Emma, a daughter and heir of John de,

probatio etatis 29 Edw. Ill, 69

Canterbury, see Cauntebregg.

,, John, Archbp. of, see Peytevyn Walter.

Cantilupe, George de 1 Edw. I, 16

„ Cantilupo, William de 16 Edw. I, 68

Cappes, Elizabeth, wife of Robert 13 Edw. IV, 60

Robert 16 Edw. IV, 13

Carant, Catherine, wife of William 13 Edw. IV, 30

Carente, William 22 Edw. Ill, 27

•„ William, arm. 16 Edw. IV, 46

Carbonel, Peter 2 Edw. Ill, 35

larminowe, Catherine, wife of Thomas de,

assignatione dotis 13 Rich. II, 105

'ary, John, see Pontyngdon, Thomas.
„ Henry, vicar of Lockyng, and Robert Atte Nye,

pro Prior of Worspryng 5 Edw. Ill, 154*

„ Thomas 30 Edw. Ill, 37

Vol. X LI V( Third Series, Vol. IV), Part II. n

98 Paper S) fyc.

Gary, Edmund 45 Edw. Ill, 10

Edmund 1st part, 49 Edw. Ill, 20

„ John, chev., forisfact. 11 Rich. II, 136

„ John, chaplain 7 Hen. VI, 52

Catecote, Walter 6 Hen. IV, 8

Caucy, Matilda 34 Edw. Ill, 57

Caudel, Adam, see Redmore, Henry.

Caune, Herbert de 34 Edw. I, 143

Cauntebregg, Matilda de 6 Edw. Ill, 47

Cauntelo, John de 1st part, 23 Edw. Ill, 47

Caunvyll, John, arm. 29 Hen. VI, 32

Cauxe, Walter 19 Hen. VI, 14

Cave, Philip 11 Edw. IV, 43

Cayner, Robert 22 Edw. Ill, 6*

Cervington, Servington, William de 39 Edw. Ill, 39*

„ Oliver, arm. 7 Hen. V, 45

„ Servyngton, David, arm. 35 Hen. VI, 5

Chalcote, William 1 Rich. Ill, 4

Chalers, Matilda, wife of John, mil., defuncti 11 Edw. IV, 25

Champernoun, Richard, son of Thomas, kin and

heir of Elizabeth, wife of Robert

Herle, probatio etatis 40 Edw. Ill, 83

„ Campernoun, Otto 1 Hen. VI, 44

„ Charnpernoon, Joan, wife of Hugh, arm.

2 Edw. IV, 13

„ „ Hugh, arm. 22 Edw. IV, 32

Champflour (Chamflour), John de, feoffavit Geofrey

de Wroxhale 19 Edw. Ill, 40*

„ John, son of John 28 Edw. Ill, 35*

Champoins, Henry 4 Edw. IV, 8

Chapei, John, and Baldwin Walvesford 1st part, 15 Rich. II, 67

Charterhouse, Priory of, per Edmund, Earl of

Cornwall. Inq. ad q. d. 13 Edw. I, 52

Chastely n, Thomas, see Wyke, Joan.

Chastillan, Alanus de 17 Edw. II, 2

Chaumbre, John de la, of Whyttukkesmede 9 Edw. II, 26

Chebeseye, William, see Courtenay, Hugh de, jun.

On the Inquisitwnes Post Mortem for Somerset. 99

Chedder, Cheddre, Robert, pro Priory of Witham,

tenements in Bristol 50, Edw. Ill, 48*

„ Cheddre, Robert, for two chaplains, in

St. Thomas, Bristol 6 Rich. II, 101

„ Thomas, arm. 21 Hen. VI, 55

„ Chodder, Isabella, widow 16 Edw. IV, 67

Chediok, John, chev. 3 Hen. V, 58

Chediocke, John, chev. 1 Hen. VI, 64

„ Alianora, wife of John, mil., defunct 12 Hen. VI, 38

Chidyoke, John de 11 Rich. II, 14

„ Chediok, John, sen., miles 12 Rich. II, 10

Chydiok, John, mil. 28 Hen. VI, 26

Chelworth, Robert,, fatuus 18 Edw. IV, 20

Cherleton Makerell, see Horsy, John.

William de 4 Edw. Ill, 30

„ William de, pro Priory of Bermundeseye

24 Edw. Ill, 38*

Cheyny, Nicholas de, and Alianora his wife 20 Edw. II, 51

William, chev. 19 Edw. Ill, 49

„ Cheyne, Edmundus de,Jtl et hcer. Wm. de

Cheyne, probatio ceiatis 21 Edw. Ill, 83

„ William, chev. 8 Hen. V, 46

,, Cecilia, wife of William, mil., and Edmond, mil.

9 Hen. VI, 42
„ Cecilia, daughter and heir of Edmond, mil.

9 Hen. VI, 53

„ Margaret, wife of William, mil. 21 Hen. VI, 37

Chichester, Thomasia, wife of John 5 Hen. IV, 36

Childfrome, see Hardy, John.

Chiltenham, Nicholas de, pro Abbey of Kayneshan 34 Edw. T, 96
Chitterne, John de 6 Edw. Ill, 7

Chodder, see Chedder.

Choke, Richard, mil. 1 Rich. Ill, 40

„ Chokke, Margret, widow of Richard 2 Rich. ILT, 38

Chubbeworthe, Robert de 7 Edw. Ill, 7

Chubley, Roger, felo 33 Hen. Ill, 3

Churchull, John de 56 Hen. Ill, 38

100

Papers, fyc.

Chute, Elizabeth, see Lorty, John de.

Clare, Richard de, Earl of Gloucester and Herts 47 Hen. HI, 34
,, Gilbert de, Earl of Gloucester and Hertford 24 Edw. I, 107
,, Joana, wife of Gilbert de, Earl of Gloucester

and Hertford 35 Edw. I, 47

„ Gilbert de, Earl of Gloucester and Hertford 8 Edw. II, 68

Clarence, Lionel, Duke of, and Elizabeth, his wife

1st part, 43, Edw. Ill, 2J

„ Margaret, Duchess of 18 Hen. VI, 7<

,, George, Duke of, attainted, and Isabella,

his wife 18, Edw. IV, 46 &

Clerc, Isolda, daughter and heir of Peter le, wife of

Roger Bercham 5 Edw. I, 5'

Clevedon, Richard 3 Rich. II, 1

,, Clyvedon, Edmund, mil., see Hogshawe,

Edmund.
„ Clyvedon, Matthew de, see Dammory,

Richard.

„ Clyvedon, Richard de 49 Edw. Ill,

„ „ Edmund de 50 Edw. Ill, 1

,, „ Richard, extenta terrarum 5 Rich. II, 7(

Clive, Abbot of, see Pyron, Hugh.

„ Clyve, Abbey of, William Berkeroles, pro.

In. ad. q. d. 20 Edw. I, 1<

,, Clyve Abbey, per Gilbert de Wolavyngton.

In. ad. q. d. 27 Edw. I, 8!

„ Clyve, Abbot of 3 Edw. Ill, 99=

Clopton, Christiana, wife of Richard 14 Hen. IV,

Cobham, John, of Blakeburgh, chev. 12 Rich. II, 1

,, Reginald, sen., chev. 4 Hen. IV,

Coffyn, Emma and Isabella 51 Edw. Ill,

Cogan, William, chev., see de la Haye, William.

John de 30 Edw. I, 21

„ Thomas de 8 Edw. II, 6(

Richard, chev. 42 Edw. Ill, 15

,, William, chev., and Isabella, his wife 6 Rich. II., 2:

,, John, son and heir of William, chev. 12 Rich. II, 9

On the Inquisitioncs Post Mortem for Somerset. 101

4 Hen. VI, 38
14 Edw. Ill, 37*

Cogan, Elizabeth, wife of William, mil. 8 Hen. V, 102

Coke, Henry 15 Edw. IV, 52

Coker, Thomas de, pro Prior de Monteacuto 28 Edw. I, 137

„ William 18 Edw. Ill, 84*

„ Agnes, wife of Robert 7 Hen. Y, 42

„ Robert and Michaela, his wife 9 Hen. V, 49

(This is entered under Robert Derby,
but she is the same person as next
entry.)

,, Michaela, wife of Robert, arm.
Cole, John, and Margery, see Erleigh. John de
Colne, Hugh de

Colshill, Colshull, John, who married Elizabeth,
a daughter of Edmond Cheyne,
mil., son of Cecilia, wife of
William Cheyney, mil., probatio
etatis.

,, John, mil.

Columbariis, Philip de
,, Philip de

,, John de. Inq. ad q. d.

„ John de

,, Philip de, and Alianora, his wife, pro

Lodowic de Kemmeys, parson of
Combe Martin
,, Philip de

„ Alianora, wife of Philip

Philip de

Cornwall, Edmund, Earl of, pro Priory of
Charterhouse. Inq. ad q. d.
„ Edmund, Earl of

Corscombe, Elias de, see Wellislegh Philip de.

Corston, John, pro Abbey of Malmesbury 13 Rich. II, 127

'oumbe, John de, chev. 45 Edw. Ill, 12

-ourteney, Curtenay, John de 2 Edw. I, 27

Hugh de 20 Edw. I, 38

Hugh de 20 Edw. I, 133

17 Hen. VI, 70

1 Rich. Ill, 42

46 Hen. Ill, 12

5 Edw. I, 5

27 Edw. I, 71

34 Edw. I, 54

1 Edw. Ill, 82*
16 Edw. Ill, 50
16 Edw. HI, 51
16 Hen. VI, 58

13 Edw. I, 52
28 Edw. I, 44

102 Papers, $c.

Courteney, Hugh de, jun., feoffavit Robert Pil

and William Chebeseye 9 Ed\v. Ill, 61*

Hugh de, Earl of Devon 14 Edw. Ill, 27

„ Thomas de, chev. 1st part, 36 Edw. Ill, 48

„ Thomas de, chev. 39 Edw. Ill, 48*

„ Hugh de, son and heir of Thomas

1st part, 43 Edw. Ill, 24

„ Thomas de 1st part, 43 Edw. Ill, 70

„ Emelina, wife of Edward, daughter

and heir of John D'Aunay 45 Edw. Ill, 15

„ Elizabeth, wife of Hugh de 1st part, 49 Edw. Ill, 27

„ Hugh de, Earl of Devon 51 Edw. Ill, 6

„ Hugh de, Earl of Devon 1 Rich. II, 12

,, Margaret, wife of Hugh de, Earl

of Devon 1st part, 15 Rich. II, 16

„ Peter, chev. 6 Hen. IV, 38

„ Philip, chev. 7 Hen. IV, 51

„ Richard 3 Hen. V, 49

„ Cortney, Edward, Earl of Devon 7 Hen. V, 75

„ Hugh, Earl of Devon 10 Hen. V, 29b

„ Richard, Bishop of Norwich 3 Hen. V, 49

„ Hugh, who died temp. Henry IV. 1 Hen. VI, 63

„ Hugh, chev. 3 Hen. VI, 30

„ Anna, Countess of Devon 19 Hen. VI, 40

,, Humphry, mil. 35 Hen. VI, 14

„ Thomas, Earl of Devon 36 Hen. VI, 38

„ Joan, wife of Humphry, mil. 1 Edw. IV, 8

Philip, mil, 3 Edw. IV, 29

Coweley, William, pro John Knyghton and Richard

de Leycestre, Chaplains in St. John's

church, Bristol 13 Rich. II, 83

Craucumbe, Simon de 1st part, 23 Edw. Ill, 1

Crikelade, Elizabeth, traverse 6 Edw. IV, 55

Crikkad, Elizabeth 5 Edw. IV, 11

Cristesham, Nicholas, pro Thomas Hore, magistro

burgi de Welles 18 Rich. II, 97

Crome, John, see Wylkyns John.

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 103

Cropenhull, Robert and Margaret, of Pen-

delesford 33 Edw. Ill, 20*
Crosse, Robert, parson of Spaxton, pro Priory

of Canyngton 5 Rich. II, 81

Crukern, Richard de, Chaplain 33 Edw. Ill, 23*
„ Crokehorn, John, formerly of South

Perot 28 Hen. VI, 17

Cruket, William de 7 Edw. II, 35

Cryspyn, Joan, wife of William 13 Edw. II, 24

Cultura, Juliana de 40 Hen. Ill, 10

Cuture, Robert de la 50 Hen. Ill, 14

Dammory, John 33 Edw. I, 52

„ Richard 4 Edw. Ill, 13

„ Richard, feoffavit Matthew Clyvedon 16 Edw. Ill, 20*

., Damory, Peter, felo 40 Edw. Ill, 3*

Dan do, or Dauno, see Anno, Godfrey.

Dansey, Daneseye, Richard (query if co. Som.) 38 Hen. Ill, 3
„ Danteseye, Richard, pro Priory of Henton 17 Edw. I, 34

„ Dauncy, John, chev. 20 Edw. Ill, 33

„ Thomas 18 Edw. IV, 30
Daubeney, D'Aubeneye, Ralph, pro William de
Botreaux, and Elizabeth, his

wife 44 Edw. Ill, 37*
„ D'Aubeneye, Ralph, feoffavit Giles

D'Aubeneye 45 Edw. Ill, 11*
„ Daubenay, Giles and Alianora, his

wife, assignatio dotis 10 Rich. II, 12
Giles, chev. 11 Rich. II, 20
„ Alianora, wife of Giles, chev., assig-
natio dotis 12 Rich. II, 17
„ Alianora, wife of Giles I Hen. IV, 54
Giles, chev. 4 Hen. IV, 23
„ John, son and heir of Giles 11 Hen. IV, 42
,, Margaret, wife of Giles, chev. 8 Hen. V, 83
„ Giles, mil. 24 Hen. VI, 26
„ Alice, wife of John, mil. 33 Hen. VI, 20

104 Paper -s, 8fc.

Daubeney, William, arm., null. ten. terr. 1 Edw. IV, 58

Daubernonn, John, see St. Clair John, JU. John.
D'Aumarle, William and Matilda, his wife 9 Edw. Ill, 30

„ D'Aumerle, William, feoffavit Walter

de Kynewardesleye, parson of
Alvardeston 6 Edw. Ill, 29*

Daunay, D'Aunay, John, see Courtenay, Emilina.

Nicholas 6 Edw. Ill, 79*

„ Dauney, Sibilla, wife of John, chev.,

assignatio dotis 21 Edw. Ill, 82

Dauncey, see Dansey.
David, Henry, vicar of Clonford, pro Abbey of

Keynesham 1st part, 16 Rich. II, 39

Davillers, Bathus,^. John 5, Edw. Ill, 76

De la Haye, William, tenuit de William Oogan,

chev. 6 Rich. II, 95

De la Lynde, John 1 Edw. I, 2

,, Walter, pro Thomas de Lodelawe,

delicencia feofandi. Inq. ad q. d. 25 Edw. I, 53
., Elias and Johanna, his wife 11 Rich. II, 35

De la Mare, Robert, inheritance of Nicholas de

Seymour 44 Edw. Ill, 23

,, John, chev., pro Laurence Watyssche,

chaplain of Frome 1 Rich. II, 125

Delyngton, John, see Benet, Thomas.

Dene, Agnes, wife of Adam de 1st part, 23 Edw. Ill, 32

Denebaud, Philip 30 Hen. Ill, 8, 34

„ Denebaude, John 14 Rich. II, 18

Denebonde, John, son and heir of Thomas 44 Edw. Ill, 84

Derby, John, see Mershton, John de

„ John, see Sancto Mauro, Nicholas de

„ William, chaplain, pro Abbey of Mucheleneye

32, Edw. Ill, 58 -•"

„ Anicia, wife of Stephen 8 Hen. V, 81

„ Alice, null. ten. terr. 38 and 39 Hen. VI, 9

Despenser, Hugh le and Elizabeth, relict of Giles

de Badelesmere 2nd part, 23 Edw. Ill, 169

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 105

Despenser, Edward le, chev , and Elizabeth, his wife,
daughter and heir of Bartholomew
Burghershe 2nd part, 49 Edw. Ill, 46

Deverey, Peter de, pro Church of St. Andrew's,

Brumpton. Inq. ad. q. d. 34 Edw. I, 186

Devon, Thomas, Earl of, see Moyle, Walter.
„ Earl of, see Stafford, Humphry.
,, Earl of, see Courtney.

Doddesham, William 20 Edw. IV, 78

Dodington, Dodyngton, John, sen. 22 Hen. VI, 4

„ John, null. ten. terr. 2 Edw. IV, 24

„ Dodyngton, Philip 1 Rich. Ill, 7

Dore, Roger and Johanna, his wife, see Inge, Johana.
„ Roger and Joan, feoffaverunt Thomas Knoel

47 Edw. Ill, 24*

„ Joan, wife of Roger 6 Rich. II, 34

Dorset, Isabella, wife of John Nevill, Marquis of 17 Edw. IV, 33
Doumere, John de (vide Rot. Fin. a° 18 Edw. II,

m. 5) 18 Edw, II, 74

Dourborgh, Hugh 2 Rich. II, 79

Dovebande, Thomas 1st part, 36 Edw. Ill, 61

Dray cote, Robert de 21 Edw. I, 23b

„ John de 1st part, 35 Edw. Ill, 71

„ Simon 1st part, 49 Edw. Ill, 35

Drokenesford, John de, Bishop of Bath and Wells 3 Edw. Ill, 41
John de 3 Edw. Ill, 48*

John de 15 Edw. Ill, 40

Thomas de 1st part, 36 Edw. Ill, 54

•ryfford, Richard, rector of, placita 6 Rich. II, 113

>ubbe, Richard, of Horfy (sic) pro Abbey of

Muchelnye. Inq. ad q. d. 18 Edw. I, 69

>udmerton, John de, Chaplain pro Priory of

Baa. Ivq. ad q. d. 5 Rich. II, 104

Dunster, Robert, bailiff of 47 Edw. Ill, 77*

Durant, Avelina 5 Edw. II, 58

Richard 7 Edw. Ill, 21

„ Duraunt, Thomas 2nd part, 23 Edw. Ill, 146

Vol. XLIV (Third Series, Vol. IV), Part II.

106 Papers, fyc.

Durburgh, John de 26 Edw. Ill, 48

Durcote, John 4 Hen. V, 8

„ Richard, son and heir of John, probatio

etatis 5 Hen. V, 70

Durdent, Nicholas 21 Edw. I, 21

Durneford, William de, see Faucumberge, Matilda de
Durvill, Eustace de, Jelo 8 Edw. I, 70

Dyare, William, pro Chapel of Holy Trinity, Bristol

2nd part, 16 Rich. II, 46
Dynham, Phillippa, see Broughton, Phillippa.

„ Dyneham, Oliver 27 Edw. I, 42

„ Joceus de. Also assignment of dower of

Margaret, widow of said Joceus 29 Edw. I, 56

„ John de, pro Matilda de Moleton 2 Edw. Ill, 97*

„ John de 6 Edw. Ill, 59

„ Dyneham, Margaret, wife of John,

assignatio dotis 6 Edw. Ill, 82

Oliver de 16 Edw. Ill, 17

„ Margaret, wife of John de App. 36 Edw. Ill, 131

„ John de, mil. 6 Rich. II, 28

„ Dinham, Matilda, wife of John, mil. 7 Hen. IV, 24

„ John, mil. 7 Hen. VI, 56

„ John, mil. 36 Hen. VI, 39

Echingham, William. (Chorlebery manor, co. Surrey,
in calendar, but should be Cheselb'
manor, co. Som.) 37 Hen. Ill, 57*

Edington, Edyndon, Gilbert de 1st part, 36 Edw. Ill, 67

„ Edyngton, Thomas son and heir of

Gilbert, probatio etatis 37 Edw. Ill, 95

Edward, John 19 Edw. Ill, 4*

Elyndon, Thomas de 5 Edw. I, 8

Engayne, Vital' 33 Hen. Ill, 70

Henry 54 Hen. Ill, 46

Erie, Elizabeth, wife of John de 1st part, 35 Edw. Ill, 77

Erleigh, Erlegh, John de 17 Edw. II, 62

Erleye, John de 11 Edw. Ill, 11

„ John, son and heir of John de, probatio etatis 28 Edw. Ill, 71

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 107

Erleigh, Erlegh, John de, pro John Cole, of Bridg.] 44 Edw. Ill, 42*
water, and Margery his wife j 45 Edw. Ill, 9*
„ „ John de, feoffavit Rich. Brice and Edith

his wife 45 Edw. Ill, 17*

Erie Stoke, Thomas, parson of Fissherton, pro Priory

of Witham 1 Rich. II, 89

Essex and Hereford, Earl of, see Bohun, Humfrey de.
Esheleye, Walter de 30 Hen. Ill, 19

Euerti, Peter de, and Isabella his wife 18 Edw. II, 54

Everard, Edmund, cler., see Bere, Richard de la, and Everard,

William.

William 7 Edw. I, 5

Edmund 15 Edw. II, 43

William 17 Edw. Ill, 27

„ William, pro Edmund Everard, parson of

Colstreworth 2 Edw. Ill, 87*

„ Edmund, mil. 44 Edw. Ill, 26

Patricius 50 Edw. Ill, 40*

Exeter, Dean and Chapter of St. Peter's, see Stapeldone, Thomas de.
„ Thomas, Bp. of, pro Prior de Brueton 28 Edw. I, 115

,, Excestr., Philip, of Bristol, pro Vicar of All Saints,

Bristol 20 Rich. II, 67

„ ' John, Duke of 25 Hen. VI, 25

„ Ann, Duchess of 36 Hen. VI, 41

, Anna, Duchess of, sister of the King, subsequently
wife of Thomas Selenger (St. Leger), arm.

15 Edw. IV, 36

'agg, John 29 Edw. I, 27

„ Fag, Marmaduke 34 Edw. Ill, 64

Faucomberge, Matilda, wife of William de

1st part, 23 Edw. Ill, 56
,, Matilda de, pro William de

Durneford 7 Edw. Ill, 58*

'auconer, John le 15 Edw. Ill, 27

John 1st part, 15 Rich. II, 102

'elde, Richard de la 1st part, 35 Edw. Ill, 80

'enlis, John de 5 Edw. Ill, 29*

108 Papers, §*c.

Fenys, Margaret, see Hervey, Margaret.
Fermour, Thomas, pro Abbey of Glastonbury,

Inq. ad. quod dam. C. Hen. VI, 32

Ferrers, Joan de 37 Hen. Ill, 21

,, Robert, chev. 1 Hen. V, 26

Edmond, of Charteleye, mil. 14 Hen. VI, 33

„ William de, mil., of Charteley 28 Hen. VI, 22

Fichet, see Fytchet.

Fil. Bernardi, John Uncertain, Hen. Ill, 183

Fil. Galfrid de Rumesye, Jo\m,fatuus 27 Edw. I, 101

Fitz Herberd, Reginald 33 Edw. Ill, 115*

,, Edmund, chev., and Joan, his wife 10 Rich. II, 18

Fitzherbert, Reginald le 20 Edw. Ill, 48

Fitz James, Thomas, pro Hospital of St. John, Bridgwater

23 Edw. Ill, 41*

John 16 Edw. IV, 35

Fil. John le Parker, William, pro Priory of Loco Dei

of Henton. Inq. ad q. d. 33 Edw. I, 256

Fil. Maurice, Maurice of Berkle 21 Edw. Ill, 51

Fitz Ours, Ralph, chev. 24 Edw. Ill, 79

Fil. Pagani, Robert 9 Edw. I, 23

Robert, and Isabella his wife 9 Edw. II, 63

Fitz Payn, Robert le, licencia feoffandi, pro John de

Maundevill. Inq. ad. q. d. 33 Edw. I, 182

„ Robert, for Prioress of Canyngton 6 Edw. Ill, 94*

Ela, wife of Robert 30 Edw. Ill, 14

Robert, and Ela his wife 28 Edw. Ill, 41

Robert, chev. 1st part, 16 Rich. II, 12

Fil. Peter, Reginald 14 Edw. I, 18

„ Joan, wife of Reginald, de lie. feoffandi.

pro Petro and Reginaldo films
Reginaldi 28 Edw. I, 144

„ Joan, wife of Reginald, [see also 28 Edw. I.

168, and 30 Edw. I, 150] 31 Edw. I, 99

„ Reginald, Joan de Vinonia, wife of Fil.

Reginald, Peter and Reginald, see
Fil. Peter, John 8 Edw. II, 42

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 109

20 Edw. II, 40

2 Edw. Ill, 40

16 Edw. II, 57

35 Hen. Ill, 40

33 Edw. I, 231

46 Hen. Ill, 9

17 Edw. Ill, 61*

Fil. Reginald!, Peter

,, Reginald

Fitz Reynaud, Peter

Fil. Richard, John (Robertus de Muscegros)
Fil. Robert, Peter, pro Bath Priory
Fil. Roger, Nicholas

„ Henry, pro Thomas de Panes

,, Henry, pro Order of Brothers of Holy

Cross, near the Tower, London 23 Edw. IH, 29*
„ Fil. Rogger, Henry, and Elizabeth his

wife 26 Edw. Ill, -67

„ Elizabeth, wife of Henry, mil. 11 Rich. II, 25

Fitz Waryn, William 1st part, 35 Edw. Ill, 87

Fulco, chev. 1st part, 15 Rich. II, 23

„ Fitz Warin, Fulco, s. and h. of Fulco, chev.

9 Hen. IV, 36

„ Fitz Wareyn, Fulco 13 Hen. IV, 44

„ Anna, wife of Fulco, s. and h. of Fulco,

assignatio dotis 14 Hen. IV, 20

Ivo 2 Hen. V, 38

„ Fitz Warin, Fulco, and Anna his wife 8 Hen. V, 106

„ Fitz Waren, Fulco, chev., Lord Fitz Waren

19 Edw. IV, 76

Fitz Wauter, Phillippa, see York, Phillippa, Duchess of.
Fissherton, parson of, see Erlestoke, Thomas.
Fitelton, John 14 Hen. VI, 22

Flemmyng, William, cler., see Merland, Henry.
Flory, Richard de 3 Edw. Ill, 92*

„ Florye, John 1st part, 15 Rich. II, 22

„ John 18 Hen. VI, 61

Ford, Adam de la, pro Capellano de la Ford 33 Edw. I, 105

„ Capellano de la, pro Adam de la Ford 33 Edw. I, 105

„ Forde, Cristina, wife of Adam de la 3 Edw. Ill, 59

„ Forde-juxta-Bath, Thomas de, pro Priory of Bath

21 Edw. Ill, 66*

, „ Henry de, pro Priory of Bath 25 Edw. Ill, 56*

Forneux, John de 9 Edw. Ill, 19

110 Papers, 8?c.

Forte scue, John, mil., pro St. Thomas, Bristol,

Inq. ad q. dam. 38 Hen. VI, 7

Frances, Nicholas, arm. 21 Edw. IV, 20

Frankeleyn, John 3 Rich. II, 74

Fraunceys, Henry 35 Hen. VI, 12

Freebody, William, and Clemencia his wife,

assignatio dotis. 11 Rich. II, 24

Frere, Joan, wife of Henry le 1st part, 36 Edw. Ill, 68

Frorne, chaplain of, see De La Mare, Thomas.

„ Reginald de (and Margaret his wife) 7 Edw. Ill, 13*

Edith, wife of Roger de 8 Hen. Ill, 45

Fromond, Robert, 11 Rich. II, 55

„ Robert, parson of Bodecle. 11 Rich. II, 97

Frye, William 20 Edw. IV, 41

Fulford, Baldwin, mil., null ten. terr. 1 Edw. IV, 31

Furneux, Simon deest 2 Edw. Ill, 149*

„ Furneaux, Simon de 33 Edw. Ill, 19

Fychet, Thomas, chev. pro Abbey of Nyweham 18 Edw. Ill, 72*

„ Ricarda, wife of Thomas, chev. 14 Rich. II, 23

„ Thomas, chev. 1st part, 15 Rich. II, 21

„ Fitchet, Thomas, son of Thomas, chev. 19 Rich. II, 24

Fyenes, William de 30 Edw. I, 33

Fysers, Matilda, wife of Ralph, mil. 12 Rich. II, 19

Galhampton, (?) see Gylampton.

Gardener, Peter, parson of Meriet, pro Dean and

Chapter of Wells 6 Rich. II, 144

Garton, John fil. Hugh de, see Heyron, Marg.

„ John de 1st part, 36 Edw. Ill, 81

„ John de, of Erith 50 Edw. Ill, 27

Gascoigne, William 1 Hen. VI. 56

Gatecoumbe, William da 32 Edw. Ill, 71*

Gaunter, Elizabeth, wife of John, defunct 14 Edw. IV, 7

Gayton, Hugh IT Edw. IV, 10

Gerarde, William, null. ten. terr. 22 Hen. VI. 50

Giffard, Osbert, and Alice Murdac 31 Hen. Ill, 41.

„ Walter, Archbishop of York 7 Edw. I, 22

Gilbert, Gilbert, and Gylampton, Thomas for Tholomeus atte

Riscin and others 46 Edw. Ill, 43b':'

On the Inqnisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. Ill

Gilbert, Gylbert, John 34 Hen. VI, 6

Glamorgan, Peter, pro William le Wayte 27 Edw. Ill, 36

„ Nicholas de 1st part, 36 Edw. Ill, 82

Glastonbury, Abbot of, per William de Burne.

Inq. ad. q. d. 34 Edw. I, 207

„ Abbey of, see Fermour, Thomas.

,, ,, „ Middel worth, John.

„ Abbot of, see Penbrugge, Magr. Hugh de.

,, „ per John and Emma de Percy. Inq.

ad. q.d. 11 Edw. I, 61

„ „ see Tilly, William.

„ „ Wambergh, Eobert de 10 Edw. II, 81

„ „ ,, Wanberghe, Robert de.

Abbey of. Inq. ad. q. d. 13 Edw. I, 64

„ Abbey, per William Pasturel. Inq. ad. q. d.

33 Edw. I, 208

Gloucester, Thomas, Duke of, and Alianora his wife, dau.
and h. of Henry de Bohun, Earl of Here-
ford and Essex 21 Rich. II, 29
„ Thomas, Duke of, null. ten. terr. 21 Rich. II, 121
„ Alianora, wife of Thomas, Duke of, dau. and
h. of Humphry de Bohun, Earl of Hereford

1 Hen. IV, 50

Gloucester and Hertford, Earl of, see Clare
Godelee, Hamelinus de, pro decano St. Andrew,

Wells 35 Edw. I, 117

„ Hamelinus de, pro Dean and Chapter to

St. Andrews, Wells 4 Edw. Ill, 74*

Godeslond, John de 47 Edw. Ill, 14

Godwyne, William de, of Muchelney, pro Abbott

of Muchelney e 6 Edw. Ill, 100*

„ Godewyn, William 21 Hen. VI, 26

Goldclyve, Prior of 11 Edw. Ill, 26*

„ Prior of, pro Archid. de Taunton 15 Edw. Ill, 68*

Gorges, Ralph de 17 Edw. II, 65.

„ Theobald, mil. and Agnes his wife.

assignatio dotis 4 Rich. II, 28

112

Papers,

Gorges, Ralph, s. and h. Theobald, chev.

„ Bartholemew

„ Agnes, wife of Theobald

„ Thomas

„ Theobald

,. .Richard, arm.

5 Rich. II, 26

20 Rich. II, 26

2 Hen. IV, 17

5 Hen. IV, 17

9 and 10 Edw. IV, 59

20 Edw. IV, 93

Gournay, Matthew de, see Beauchamp, William

Thomas de, of Harptre 17 Edw. Ill, 25

,, John de, chev., of Knolle, pro Priory of

St. Augustine, Bristol 26 Edw. Ill, 35*

John, mil. 38 Edw. Ill, 55

„ Matthew, mil. 38 Edw. Ill, 61

„ Matthew de, mi\.,feqffavit William de Beaucham,

mil. 3 Rich. II, 110

„ Gurney, Robert de 53 Hen. Ill, 23

„ Gurneye, Oliva de 24 Edw. I, 28

Gourneye, Thomas de 13 Edw. Ill, 37*

„ Gourney, Matthew de 30 Edw. Ill, 64

„ Gourneye, Alice, wife of Matthew, chev. 7 Rich. II, 39

„ Gourney, Matthew, and Phillippa, his wife 13 Rich. II, 81

Govytz, William of Lottesham, felo. 1st part, 15 Rich. II, 89

Gran dis son, William de 9 Edw. Ill, 35

„ Grandison, Peter de 32 Edw. Ill, 32

„ Graunson, Thomas de, chev. 1st pt. 49 Edw. Ill, 62

„ Grauntsoun, John de, feoffavit John de

Monte Acuto 40 Edw. Ill, 5 *

Grene, William de la, see Keynsham Abbey

William, arm 6 Hen. VI, 19

Greyndour, Robert, arm. 22 Hon. VI, 34

Greynevill, Henry de 3 Edw. Ill, 25

Gryndenham, Richard, chaplain 4 Rich. II, 63

Guldene, Henry le, and Elizabeth his wife 8 Edw. Ill, 55

Gundewyne, Richard, pro Abbot of Keynesham 20 Edw. Ill, 16*

Gunter, Roger, arm. 15 Hen. VI, 16

John, arm. 13 Edw. IV, 61

William 2 Rich. Ill, 6

Gyene, Robert, of Bristol 27 Edw. Ill, 52

OH the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 1 1 3

Gylampton, Thomas, see Gilbert, Gilbert

Gyvernay, Richard 1 Edw. Ill, 78*

Hacche, Henry, see Hayt, John

„ Robert, formerly Abbot of Athelney,

retinere possit 20 Rich. II, 120

,, Hacher, Robert, formerly Abbot of

Athelneye, retinere possit 18 Rich. II, 85

Haddon, Henry de 22 Edw. Ill, 33

Alianora, de 1st part 35 Edw. Ill, 96

Hadley, Alexander, arm. 20 Edw. IV, 56

Hall, Hale, John,/efo. 13 Rich. II, 57

„ Halle, William 10 Hen. VI, 6

„ Nicholas 18 Edw. IV, 33

Hallowey, Thomas, for Chapel in All Saints, Bristol.

Inq. ad quod. dam. 20 Hen. VI, 20

Hamme, Peter de 15 Edw. II, 6

Peter de 16 Edw. Ill, 32

Peter 14 Rich. II, 28

Hampton, William de 30 Edw. I, 44

Philip 18 Hen. VI, 17

Handle, John de 20 Edw. Ill, 51

Hankford, Hankeford, Richard 7 Hen. V, 70

William, mil. 2 Hen. VI, 32

,, Hankeford, Richard, mil., and Anna his wife 9 Hen. VI, 54

,, „ Elizabeth, d. and h, of Richard, mil.

12 Hen. VI, 40

Harding, John, non compos mentis 12 Hen. IV, 39

Hardy, John, Parson of Childfrome 18 Edw. Ill, 38*

Harewelle, John, Bishop of Bath, 51 Edw. Ill, 20*

„ Harwell, John, Bishop of Bath and

Wells, pro vicar and nine chor-
ister boys there 1 Rich. II, 119
„ Harewell, John, Bishop of Bath and

Wells, habere possit 3 Rich. II, 76

Harington, Robert de, chev. 7 Hen. IV, 55

,, Haryngton, John, chev., and Eliza-

beth, his wife, assignatio dotis 6 Hen. V, 25

Vol. KLIV (Third Series, Vol. I V), Part II. p

114 Papers, $c.

Harington, Haryngton, William, of Aldingharn,

mill, null. ten. terr. 36 Hen. VI, 20

„ Elizabeth, Lady of, wife

of William Lord Bonevile 1 1 Edw. IV, 64

Hastings, John de 6 Edw. II, 56

„ Hastynges, John de, Lord of Ber-

geveny 18 Edw. II, 83

„ Hastynges, Laurence de, Earl of Pem-

broke 22 Edw. Ill, 47

„ Hastynges, Agnes, wife of Laurence,

Earl of Pembroke 1st part, 35 Edw. Ill, 102

„ Hastynges, Agnes, wife of Laurence de 42 Edw. Ill, 27

„ „ John de, Earl of Pembroke

1st part, 49 Edw. III. 70
„ Hastinges, John, son and heir of John

de, Earl of Pembroke 13 Rich. II, 30

„ Hastynges, Phillipa, wife of John, son

of John de, Earl of Pembroke, 2 Hen. IV, 54

Haulegh, John de, and Agnes, his wife 34 Ed\v. Ill, 23

Hauteyn, Hamo de 18 Edw. I, 104

Haye, Cecilia de la, of Herteslegh. Inq. ad. q. d. 17 Edw. II, 237
„ Cecilia de la 14 Edw. Ill, 2

Hayt, John, cler., and Henry Hacche, pro Abbey of Atheleneye

48 Edw. Ill, 4*

Helier, John, s and h. of Phillipp, Fatuus and Idiota 1 Hen. V, ?0
Henton, Priory of, see Norton St. Philip.

„ „ Richard Danteseye, pro. Inq ad. q. d.

17 Edw. I, 34
„ Priory of Loco Dei, per William fil. John le Parker.

Inq. ad. q. d. 33 Edw. I, 256

Hereford and Essex, Earl of, see Bohun, Humfrey de.
Herle, Elizabeth, wife of Robert, see Chambernoun, Richard.
Hertele, Alice, wife of Adam de 2 Edw. II, 55

Hertford and Gloucester, Earls of, see Clare.
Hervey, Margaret, wife of John, formerly wife of
William Fenys, Lord of Say,
defunct 7 Edw. IV, 45

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 115

Heyle, John, do hereditate heredis Eliede Albiniaco 3 Edw. II, 4
Heyron, John de, and Emma, his wife 20 Edw. II, 36

„ John, of Enefeld 9 Edw. Ill, 36

„ Margaret, feoffavit John fil. Hugh de

Garton 11 Edw. Ill, 79*

Hill, Robert, of Spaxton 1 Hen. VI, 31

„ Hille, John, of Spaxton 13 Hen. VI, 36

„ „ John, probatio etatis 24 Hen. VI, 53

„ John 34 Hen. VI, 17

„ Ralph, null. ten. terr. 15 Edw. IV, 2

„ Robert, arm. app. 9 Hen. VII, 3

Hillary e, Margaret, sister and heir of Nicholas

Lord Audley 12 Hen. IV, 36

Hody, Alexander, mil. 1 Edw. IV, 34

Hogshawe, Edmund, son of Thomas mil., heir

of Edmund Clyvedon, mil. 12 Rich. II, 25

Holand, Matilda, see Lovell, John.

„ Thomas de, Earl of Kent, and Alice his wife 20 Rich, II, 30
Thomas, Earl of Kent, and Alice his wife 22 Rich. II, 21
„ Richard, s. and h. of John de, Earl of

Huntingdon 4 Hen. V, 50

Hole, Henry atte, vicar of Sowy, see Pembrigge, Hugh.
Holgote, see Burnell, Hugh.

Holne, William, and Hugh de Loccombe 40 Edw. Ill, 34*

Holte, John de, de herede Elie de Albiniaco 14 Edw. II, 21

Holy Cross, near the Tower of London, Order of, see Fitz

Roger, Henry.

Homond, Robert, of Dunster 28 Edw. Ill, 23*

Hore, Thomas, per Nicholas Cristesham 18 Rich. II, 97

Horewode, Thomas de 18 Edw. Ill, 82*

Horsey, Alianora, see Latymer, Alianora

William, manca 1 Edw. Ill, 57*

Horsi, Ralph de 15 Edw. Ill, 19*

Horsy, John de 11 Edw. Ill, 24

Ralph 28 Edw. Ill, 49

,. Horcy, John 1st part, 49 Edw. Ill, 69

116 Papers, frc.

Horsey, Horsy, John, pro rector of Cherleton

Mackerell 5 Rich. II, 84

„ „ John 19 Rich. II, 99

„ ,, William, arm. 7 Hen. Y, 27

„ John, chev. 1 Hen. VI, 20

„ „ Joan, wife of William 9 Hen. VI, 19
„ „ Alice, wife of John, mil. null. ten.

terr., defunct 13 Hen. VI, 2

„ „ Alice, wife of John arm., defunct 15 Hen. VI, 7

„ „ William, melius inquirendum 26 Hen. VI, 20

„ Henry, arm. 1 Edw. IV, 25

Thomas 8 Edw. IV, 32

„ Thomas 17 Edw. IV, 46

Horsledgh, Priory of, co. Gloucester 29 Edw. Ill, 62*

Hull, Edward, mil, null. ten. terr. 32 Hen. VI, 41

Hungerford, Margaret, see Botreaux, Margaret.

„ Thomas de 21 Rich. If, 31

„ Joan, wife of Thomas, chev. 13 Hen. IV, 33
,, Walter, mil., for chapel in Church of

Farley Hungerford, ad q. d. 22 Hen. VI, 13

Walter, mil. 27 Hen. VI, 30

Alianora, wife of Walter, mil. 33 Hen. VI, 35

„ Robert, mil., sen. 37 Hen. VI, 17
„ Robert, Lord, attainted, and Alianora his
wife, who was dau. and h. to William

Lord Hungerford 4 Edw. IV, 56

„ Thomas, mil. 8 Edw. IV, 43
Hunt, Walter, fdo 43 Edw. Ill, 20-

Huntelegh, Matilda, wife of John de 22 Edw. Ill, 22

Huntelege, Thomas de 27 Edw. Ill, 39

Thomas 45 Edw. Ill, 29
Huntingdon, Earl of, see Holland, Richard.

„ Elizabeth, wife of John, Earl of 4 Hen. VI, 32

Huscarl, John, son of Ralph, probatio etatis 15 Edw. I, 73

Husse, James, chev., and Thomas Berlegh, placita 8 Rich. II, 116

Illari, John 7 Edw. Ill, 9

Inge, John, chev., and Alice 20 Edw. 3, 46*

On the Inqnisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 117

Inge, Joan, dan. and heir of John 41 Edw. Ill, 54*

,, Joan, dan. and heir of John, and wife of Roger

Dore 44 Edw. Ill, 77

„ John 3 Hen. V, 13

Ingelby, Thomas, felo (breve tanturi) 9 Rich. II, 133

Insula, Emma, wife of Jordan de Uncertain, Hen. HI, 64

William de 22 Edw. I, 20

Inweans, alias Ives, Ralph 56 Hen. Ill, 5

Ivelcestre, Friars, preachers of 11 Edw. I, 73

Ives, Ralph, see Inweans

Jerard, John 6 Hen. VI, 31

Jerusalem, Hospital of St. John, prior of 48, Edw. Ill, 71

,, Priory of St. John per William

Wirkele 2nd part, 15 Rich. II, 68

Judeus, Josephinus, Bristol 37 Hen. Ill, 34

Juyn, John, mil, null. ten. terr. 18 Hen. VI, 29

Kayle, John and Thomas, see Poulet, Idonia

Keyle, Caille alias, William 44 Edw. Ill, 15

Kayl, John, and Elizabeth his wife 7 Rich. II, 48

„ Kay 11, Elizabeth, wife of John, assignatione

dotis 8 Rich. II, 82

„ Thomas, son and heir of John 18 Rich. II, 26

Kele, John, s. and h. of William 42 Edw. Ill, 80

Kelly, John 5 Edw. IV, 24

Kelwey, William, arm. 9 and 10 Edw. IV, 9

Kemmys, Lodowick de, Parson of Combe Martin, see

Columbariis, Philip de.

Kendale, Isobella, wife of John de 8 Hen. IV, 58

,, Isabella, wife of John 2 Hen. V, 17

,, John, s. and h. of John, probatione etatis 2 Hen. V, 53

John 9 Hen. V, 59

Kenne, John 6 Hen. IV, 20

John 16 Hen. VI, 37

„ Ken, Alice, wife of John 19 Hen. VI, 15

„ Robert, arm. 31 Hen. VI, 6

„ Kene, William, arm. 8 Edw. IV, 45

„ John, s. and h. of Robert, probatio etatis 12 Edw. IV, 57

118 Papers, §*c.

Kent, Earl of, see also Holand, Thomas.

„ Edmund, Earl of, and Margaret his wife 4 Edw. Ill, 38

John, Earl of Kent 26 Edw. Ill, 54

„ Elizabeth, wife of John, Earl of 12 Hen. IV, 35

Keryel, Cecilia, wife of Thomas, mil. 12 Edw. IV, 51

Keynes, Isabella de 33 Edw. Ill, 26

„ Thomas de 1st part, 35 Edw. LIT, 107

„ John, sen. 7 Hen. V, 69

John, jun. 8 Hen. V, 95

„ Nicholas 2 Edw. IV, 12

Keynesham, Abbot of, see Gundewyne, Richard.
„ Abbey of, see Mersheton, John de.

,, Abbey, per Gilbert Amori, de Keynes-

ham. Inq. ad q. d. 33 Edw. I, 225

,, A bbey of, per Nicholas de Chiltenham 34 Edw. I, 96

„ ,, per Gilbert Amorey. Inq.

ad q. d. 34 Edw. I, 129

Abbot of 3 Edw. Ill, 84*

,, „ perquisivit de William de la

Grene, and John de Bagge-
worth 4 Edw. Ill, 102*

„ „ per Robert Peytevyn 10 Rich. IT, 77

„ Abbey of, per Henry David, Vicar of

Clonford 1st part, 16 Rich. II, 39

Knoel, Thomas, see Dore Roger.
Knovill, Gilbert de, see Luscote, Joan.

„ Gilbert de, pro capellan' in eccl' de Pukynton.

Inq.adq.d. 29 Edw. I, 134

Gilbert de 7 Edw. II, 8

John de, and Alice his wife 10 Edw. II, 20

John de, see Archard, Thomas 32 Edw. Ill, 56

Knyghton, John, see Coweley, William.

„ John, cler., pro Rich. Wormbrugge, Parson

of St. John's, Bristol 13 Rich. II, 118

Kynewardesleye, see William Daumerle.
Kyngston, Elizabeth 3 Edw. IV, 20

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 119

Lacy, Henry de, Earl of Lincoln, and Margaret

Longespee, some time his wife 4 Edw. II, 51

Lambroc, John de Uncertain, Hen. Ill, 67

Lambrok, Robert 7 Hen. V, 58

Lancaster, Matilda, dan. of Henry, Duke of, see Bavaria.

Henry, Duke of 1st part, 35 Edw. Ill, 122

Langeford, Roger de 3 Edw. TI, 43

John de 17 Edw. Ill, 18

Langeleye, Priory of 2nd part, 16 Rich. II, 4

Langelond, Nicholas de 7 Edw. II, 14

,, Langelonde, John, and Isabella his wife 3 Rich. II, 41

Langhere, Thomas 15 Edw. IV, 13

Langryche, John, nidi. ten. terr. 1st part, 15 Rich. II, 39

,, Langrych, John, null. ten. terr. 16 Rich. II, 161

Lapene, John de, and Isolda, see Meriet, John de.

Lasewell, John de, and Alicia his wife. Inq. ad q. d.

34 Edw. I, 126
Latton, John, prepositus of the town of Jevele,

(Yeovil) 2nd part, 15 Rich. II, 136

Latymer, Latimer, Wariuo le, see Warre, John la.

„ Robert, chev, and Katherine his wife 5 Rich. IJ. 36

„ Thomas, of Braybrok, chev., feoflfavit John

Middelton, Parson of Wardon 10 Rich. II, 70

Thomas, chev. 2 Hen. IV, 51

„ Anna Bochard, wife of Thomas 3 Hen. IV, 30

Thomas 12 Hen. VI, 48

Thomas 17 Hen. VI, 72

„ Alianora, wife of Henry, formerly of

Horsey 13 Edw. IV, 3

Laundry, Cecilia, wife of Stephen 1st part, 36 Edw. Ill, 112

Cecilia, wife of Stephen 37 Edw. Ill, 41

Laurence, William 13 Rich. II, 128

Lavynton, John de 46, Edw. Ill, 36

Leddered, Nicholas de, see Pavely, Robert de
Ledeforde, John 23, Hen. VI, 49

Lescrop, Phillippa, wife of Henry, chev. 8 Hen. IV, 54

Leukenore, Catherine, see Arundel, Catherine

120 Papers, frc.

Leversegge, Elizabeth, wife of Edmund 1 Hen. VI, 36

„ Leverseg, Robert, arm. 4 Edw. IV, 31

Levisham, John 8 Hen. V, 57

Leycestre, Richard, see Coweley, William

„ Richard, pro parson of Staple 17 Rich. II, 113

Lideyard, Joan de, and the Bishop of Bath and

Wells 9 Edw. I, 80

Lockome, John de 13 Edw. II, 27

„ Loccombe, Hugh de, and William

Holne 40 Edw. Ill, 34*

Lodelawe, Thomas, see De la Lynde, Walter.

London, John de, tenements in Bristol. App. 14 Edw. Ill, 8

Long Ashton, see Spencer, William.
Longespee, Margaret, wife of Henry de Lacy, Earl of

Lincoln 4 Edw. II, 51

Lortye, John de 5 Edw. Ill, 27*

,, Lorty, John de, pro Elizabeth Chute, of Stan-
ford 14 Edw. Ill, 3
„ „ Matilda, wife of John, formerly wife of

William Newton 7 Hen. V, 38a

Louthe, Juliana, wife of Robert, assiynatio dotis 1 Rich. II, 51

Lovell, Luvel, Henry 47 Hen. Ill, 11

Luvell, Richard 48 Hen. Ill, 36

Luvel, Hugh 19 Edw. I, 11

James and Isabella 16 Edw. Ill, 33

,, Lovel, John, chev., and Johanna who was wife

of John Lovel, grandmother of

21 Edw. Ill, 19

„ John 2nd part, 23 Edw. Ill, 136

„ „ Richard, chev., pro Priory of Staverdale

24 Edw. Ill, 10*

„ Richard, chev. 25 Edw. Ill, 63

„ Isabella, wife of John 25 Edw. Ill, 62b

„ John, son of John, mil. 1st part, 36 Edw. Ill, 109

Thomas, arm. 2 Hen. IV, 34

„ John, chev., and Matilda his wife, dau. of

Robert de Holand 9 Hen. IV, 29

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 121

Lovell, Joan, wife of Nicholas and Joan Bluett 11 Hen. IY, 24
,, Lovel, Matilda, wife of John, chev. 1 Hen. VI, 51

Lovenij, Walter de, and Joan his wife 7 Edw. Ill, 6*

Lowes, William, felo 9 Rich. II, 101

Lincoln, Alured de 48 Hen. Ill, 19

,, Earl of, Henry de Lacy, Margaret Longespee,

sometime his wife 4 Edw. II, 51

Lisle, Viscountess, see Talbot, Joan.

„ Lysle, John, Viscount 32 Hen. VI, 38

Luccumbe, Parson of, see St. John, Alexander de.
Luda, Thomas de, and Alianora his wife, pro Abbey of
Abrodesbury (1 Abbotsbury, Dorset).
Inq. ad q. d. 33 Edw. I, 242

Luscote, Joan, dau. and h. of Alice, wife of William de,
and kin and heir of Thomas Archard,
and kin and heir of Gilbert de Knovitt

41 Edw. Ill, 79

Lutcombe, Hugh de 16 Edw. II, 45

„ Lutcumbe, John de, and Sibilla his wife 19 Ewd. II, 60

Hugh de 19 Edw. II, 61

,, Luttecoumbe, John, son of Hugh de 8 Edw. Ill, 37

Lutte, John, null. ten. terr. 2 Edw. IV, 23

Lutterell, Luterel, Hugh, chev. 6 Hen. VI, 32

,, John, mil., and Margaret his wife 9 Hen. VI, 51

„ James, mil 1 Edw. IV, 43

,, Lutrell, Catherine, wife of Hugh, chev.,

assignatio dotis 6 Hen. VI, 83

Catherine 14 Hen. VI, 30

,, ,, Margaret, wife of John, chev. 17 Hen. VI, 14

Loterell, Elizabeth 15 Edw. IV, 57

,, „ Elizabeth, wife of James App., 9 Hen, VII, 8

Lutteswell, Thomas de 4 Edw. Ill, 56*

Lynd, Alexander 20 Edw. IV, 81

,, Lynde, de la, see de la Lynde.

Lyons, Lyouns, William de 5 Edw. II, 63

Adam de 6 Edw. II, 25

Thomas de 1 Edw. Ill, 84*

Vol. XLI V (Third Series, Vol. 1 V), Part II.

122 Papers, frc.

Lyons, de Aysshton, Edmund de, pro Abbot of St.

Augustines, Bristol 4 Edw. Ill, 115*

„ William de, feoffavit Thomas de Lyons 40 Edw. Ill, 48*

„ Lyouns, William, son of Edmund 1st part, 43 Edw. Ill, 63

„ „ Thomas, feoffavit Nicholas Boyl,

Yicar of Redeclyve 45 Edw. Ill, 8*

Thomas, pro Priory of St. John, Wells 19 Rich. II, 86

Mayott, William 1 Hen. Y, 22

Malet, Lucy, wife of Richard 44 Edw. Ill, 43

„ Hugh 5 Edw. IV, 8

Maleyns, Edmund, chev., and Isabella his wife 9 Rich. II, 37

Malmesbury, Abbey of, per John Corston 13 Rich. II, 127

Malverne, Thomas, tenements in Bristol 7 Hen. V, 38b

March, Earls of, see Mortuo Mari.

Marisco, William de 12 Edw. I, 23

Marland, John 3 Hen. V, 29

Marlborough, Marleberghe, Thomas de 2 Edw. Ill, 81* and 91*

„ Marleberge, William de 8 Edw. Ill, 63*

Marney, Christina, wife of John, mil. App., 9 Hen. VIII, 1

M arrays, Mareis, Herbert de 1 Edw. Ill, 34

,, Stephen, chev., and Lucy his wife 5 Rich. II, 39

,, Mareys, Lucy, wife of Stephen 9 Rich. II, 61

„ Lucy, wife of Stephen 10 Rich. II, 87

Stephen, chev. 14 Rich. II, 37

Marshall, Earl, see Moubray, Thomas.

,, Marescallus, William de 45 Hen. Ill, 34

Mareschal, William le 20 Edw. I, 148

Ralph 20 Edw. Ill, 36

„ „ Walter, Earl of Pembroke 40 Edw. Ill, 53*

„ „ Thomas, mil., appreciation terrarum

9 Rich. II, 82

,, Marchall, Thomas, chev., null. ten. terr. 11 Rich. II, 36

John 11 Edw. IV, 28

Marchall, Elizabeth 20 Edw. IV, 18

Martyn, Martyne, William, son of William 19 Edw. II, 100

Margaret, wife of William 33 Edw. Ill, 10

Richard, extent. 21 Rich. II, 133

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 123

Maundevill, John 4 Edw. I, 48

Galfridde 11 Edw. I, 59

„ John de, licencia, feqffandi, pro Robert

le Fitzpayn. Ing. ad q. d. 33 Edw. I, 182

Mautravers, John 25 Edw. I, 33

„ John, son of John 1st part, 23 Edw. Ill, 52

„ Agnes, wife of John, sen. 2nd part, 49 Edw. Ill, 17

„ , John, chev., and Elizabeth his wife 9 Rich. II, 35
„ John, chev., and Elizabeth his wife 10 Rich. II, 25

„ Matravers, Alianora, wife of John

Arundel, sen. 6 Hen. IV, 31

Mayloysel, Dionisia, wife of Richard 3 Edw. I, 48

Mede, Philip 16 Edw. IV, 23

Medicus, Jordan Date not known, App., Hen. Ill, 81

Meere, Chantry of, see Bettesthorne, John de
Meriet, Matilda, wife of John, see Punchard, John and Alice

Hugh de 20 Hen. Ill, 16e

Nicholas de 47 Hen. Ill, 7

„ Meriett, John de 13 Edw. I, 20

,, John, s. and h. of John de and Roger Basset

and Ella his wife 30 Edw. I, 147

John, lord of 1 Edw. II, 62, and 2 Edw. II, 2

„ John, and Elizabeth his wife 1 Edw. Ill, 50

„ George de, and Isabella his wife 2 Edw. Ill, 48

,, Meryet, Walter de, pro frat. de Monte

Carmel 15 Edw. Ill, 58*

Walter de, Clericus 17 Edw. Ill, 43*

Meryet, Walter de 19, Edw. HI, 55

„ „ John de, chev., feoffavit, Robert

Sarnborn, Parson of Meryet 36 Edw. Ill, 53*
„ John, son of John, heir of John de

Beauchamp 42 Edw. Ill, 40* and 81

John, mil. 45 Edw. Ill, 45*

,, John de chev. pro John de, Lapene and Isolda

his wife 47 Edw. Ill, 84*

„ Meryet, John de 48 Edw. Ill, 81

„ John, chev. 2nd part, 49 Edw. Ill, 15*

124 Papers, §*c.

Meriet, Meryet, John, chev, pro Thomas de Bokeland,

chev. 3 Rich. II, 96

„ John, chev., and Matilda his wife, formerly

wife of Ralph Seymour, mil. 1st pt., 15 Rich. II, 48
Merland, Merlaund, Henry de, deest. 12 Edw. II, 24

„ Merlaunde, Henry de 20 Edw. Ill, 20

,, Henry, son of Henry de, feoffavit William

Flemmyiig, cler. 22 Edw. Ill, 17*

„ Merlaund, Joan de 2nd part, 23 Edw. Ill, 81

„ Merlaunde, Henry de, and Joan his wife 45 Edw. Ill, 43

,, Merlond, Margaret, wife of Henry 9 Rich. II, 38

Mershton, Mersshton, John, pro Priory of Bruyton 28 Edw. Ill, 6*

„ John de, pro Abbey of Keynesharn 34 Edw. Ill, 40*

,, John de and John Derby, pro Priory of

Witham 35 Edw. Ill, 18*

„ Merston, John de, pro Priory of Bruton 36 Edw. Ill, 55*

„ Mersheton, John de, pro Abbey of Key-

nesham 37 Edw. Ill, 68*

,, Merston, Emma, wife of John, formerly wife

of Richard de la Ryvere 41 Edw. Ill, 41

Merton, Mertone, Richard de 16 Edw. Ill, 44

Richard de 47 Edw. Ill, 25

Meysy, Robert, pro Priory of Staverdale 19 Edw. Ill, 39*

Michel, William, pro Priory of Bruere. Inq. ad q. d. 19 Edw. I, 36
,, Simon and Thomas A.tte Lode, placita 8 Rich. II, 104

Middelneye, Ralph de 13 Edw. III. 47*

Middelnye, Ralph de 14 Edw. Ill, 41*

„ Middelnay, Ralph de, chev., and Eliza-

beth, feoft'averunt John, Parson of
Putteneye 29 Edw. Ill, 54*

Middelney, Ralph de 37 Edw. Ill, 48

„ „ John, retinere possit 19 Rich. II, 120

Middelton, John, see Latymer, Thomas.
Middelworth, John, Parson of Wryngton, pro Abbot

of Glastonbury 21 Rich. II, 77

Milborn, Simon 4 Edw. IV, 12

Miles, Richard 15 Edw. IV, 23

On the Inqnisitionct Post Mortem for Somerset. 125

Modesley, Modusley, Joan, wife of John 46 Edw. Ill, 37

„ William, son and heir of Joan, wife of

John 46 Edw. Ill, 88

Moeles, Nicholas de, see Thornhull, Walter de

Roger de 23 Edw. 1,59

,, Nicholas de, and Margaret his wife 9 Edw. II, 60

John de, 11 Edw. Ill, 56

„ Margaret, wife of Nicholas 11 Edw. Ill, 57

„ „ wife of Nicholas de 2nd part, 23 Edw. Ill, 168

Mohun, John de 7 Edw. I, 13

William de 10 Edw. 1,19

„ John de 14 Edw. I, 23

Mohoim, John de 4 Edw. Ill, 35

„ Joan, wife of John, chev. 6 Hen. IV, 33

Moigne, Edmund 50 Edw. Ill, 82

„ Edmund 6 Rich. II, 54

Edmund 7 Rich. II, 53

Moleton, Matilda de, see Dynham, John de

Molyns, John de, chev. feoffavit, Walter de Notyngham,

Clericus 20 Edw. Ill, 1*

„ Henry, jun., and Joan 34 Edw. Ill, 14*

John 11 Rich. II, 38

„ John and Alice his wife 12 Rich. II, 131

,, Nicholas, son and heir of John, probatione

etatis 4 Hen. IV, 49

Henry 7 Hen. IV, 39

Montagu and Montacute, see Monte Acuto.
Monte Acuto, John de, see Grauntsoun, John de

„ Prior of, Thomas de Coker, pro 28 Edw. I, 137

„ William de, and Elizabeth his wife 13 Edw. II, 31

„ Marcus, Prior of 6 Edw. Ill, 127*

„ William de, Earl of Salisbury 18 Edw. Ill, 51

,, Katherine, wife of William de, Earl

of Salisbury 2nd part, 23 Edw. Ill, 58

,, William, s. and h. of William, Earl of

Salisbury 23 Edw. Ill, 97

Elizabeth de 28 Edw. Ill, 39

126 Papers, $c.

Monte AcutO, William de, Ear] of Salisbury, pro

Brian de Stapleton 42 Edw. Ill, 26*

„ Prior of, de temporalibus 7 Rich. II, 127

,, Margaret, wife of John, mil. 18 Rich. II, 31

William de, Earl of Salisbury 20 Rich. II, 35

„ Thomas de, Earl of Salisbury. Inq.

super forisfacturam 10 Hen. IV, 54

„ Elizabeth, wife of William, Earl of

Salisbury 2 Hen. V, 39

Elizabeth, wife of William de, Earl of

Salisbury 4 Hen. V, 55

* „ Elizabeth, wife of William de, Earl of

Salisbury, milius inquirend. 5 Hen, V, 56

„ Thomas, Earl of Salisbury 7 Hen. VI, 57

„ Richard de, chev. 8 Hen. VI, 39

,, John, Prior of the church of St. Peter

and St. Paul at App., 1 Edw. V, 1

„ Mountague, William, arm. 1 Rich. Ill, 16

Monte Alto, Milisenta de 27 Edw. I, 50

Monte Carmel, Frat. de, see Meryet, Walter de.
Montfort, Monte Forti, Henry de 32 Edw. I. 54

,, Mountford, Richard, s. and h. of Henry,

probatio cetatis. 6 Edw. II, 70

„ Roger, outlaw 44 Edw. Ill, 45

Morcestre, Richard de, Parson of Luccombe, see St.

John, Alexander de.
„ Richard de, and Alexander St. John, and

Elizabeth his wife, placita 8 Rich. II, 114

More, Stephen de la 2 Edw. Ill, 46

„ John, arm. 20 Edw. IV, 69

„ Richard of Pykyet, and Elizabeth his wife 11 Hen. VI, 26

Mortimer, see Mortuo Mari.

Mortuo Mari, Roger 33 Hen. Ill, 41

Roger de, sen. 11 Edw. I, 28

Robert de 15 Edw. I, 30

William de 25 Edw. I, 36

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 127

Mortuo Mari, Mortimer, William, and others, pro Prior

de Mountagu 28 Edw. I, 48, 137

„ Matilda de 29 Edw. I, 53

„ Edmund, and Margaret his wife 32 Edw. I, 63

Matilda, wife of Hugh 1 Edw. II, 59

„ Margareta, wife of Edmund de 16 Edw. TI, 81

„ Senior, Margareta, wife of Edmund de 8 Edw. Ill, 19

Roger de 34 Edw. Ill, 86

„ Philippa, wife of Roger, formerly Earl

of March 5 Rich. II, 44

Roger de, Earl of March 22 Rich. II, 34

„ Alianora, wife of Roger de, Earl of

March 7 Hen. IV, 23

„ Edmund de, Earl of March 3 Hen. VI, 32

Anna, wife of Edmund, Earl of 11 Hen. VI, 39
Morward, Henry \e,felo 35 Edw. I, 51

6 Hen. IV, 44
8 Hen. IV, 76

,, Constance, Countess Marescall 16 Hen. VI, 60

Moyle, Walter, for the use of Thomas, Earl of

Devon 9 and 10 Edw. IV, 38

Mucheldenere, Richard, pro Chaplain of Ryme 12 Rich. II, 157
Muchelneye, Abbey of, see Willyng, William.
„ „ „ Derby, William.

,, Muchelney, Abbey of, see Rossydenek, Richard.

,, Abbot of, see Godwyne, William de.

,, Muchelnye, Abbey of, Rich. Dubbe of

Horfy, pro. Jnq. ad q. d. 18 Edw. I, 69

„ Muchelney, Abbey of, per Nicholas

Brok 2nd part, 15 Rich. II, 35

Multon, Matildis de 21 Edw. I, 25

Munechene Barowe, Priory of, see Acton, Richard de.
Murdac, Alice, and Osbert Giffard 31 Hen. Ill, 41

Muscegros, Robert de 38 Hen. Ill, 39

John de 3 Edw. I, 23

Robert de 9 Edw. I, 24

,, Robert de, see fil. Richard, John.

Moubray, Thomas, Earl Marshall

128

Papers,

Muscegros, Robert 38 Hen. Ill, 39

Musket, John, of Hescombe 25 Edw. Ill, 17

„ William, pro John and Alianora Musket '6 3 Edw. Ill, 40*

„ John, son of William 47 Edw. Ill, 23

„ Alianora 9 Rich. II, 36

Mutton, Margaret, wife of William, arm., formerly wife

of John Sydenham, arm. 17 Edw. IV, 36

f App., 8 Hen. VII, 2

Mylbourne, Thomas, mil.

\App., 9 Hen. VII, 1

31 Hen. VI, 14

16 Edw. IV, 12

Uncertain, Hen. Ill, 84

10 Edw. I, 22

Mynty, Ralph de, see Stonford, John.
Newton, William, see Lorty, Matilda.

William
,, Emma

Nevile, Hawisia de, de valor e tantum
,, Nevyle, John de
,, Nevill, Elizabeth, wife of John de, chev. 1 Hen. VI, 45
„ ,, Isabella, wife of John, Marquis of

Dorset 17 Edw. IV, 33

Newburgh, Novo Burgo, Robert 30 Hen. Ill, 33

John 1 Rich. Ill, 41

„ Nebourgh, John, null. ten. terr. 22 Hen. VI, 44

Newbury, William 4 Hen. V, 35

Newnham, Nyweham, Abbey of, see Fychet, Thomas.
Nicol, John,/efo 45 Edw. Ill, 10*

Noneton, Baldricus de 3 Edw. II, 45

Norfolk, Earl of, Roger le Bygod, and Marshall of

England, and Alice his wife 35 Edw. I, 46

Norman, Agnes 2 Rich. Ill, 27

Northumberland, Alianora, Countess of 1 Rich. Ill, 26

Norton, Jordan de,felo 55 Hen. III. 20

Thomas de 20 Edw. Ill, 23

,, Agnes, wife of Thomas,, arm. 7 Hen. V, 40

Thomas 28 Hen. VI, 13

„ St. Philip, Giles, Parson of, and John Talbot,

pro Priory of Henton 36 Edw. Ill, 60*

Norwich, Bishop of, see Courtnaye, Richard.
Notyngham, Walter de, see Molyns, John.

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 129

Novo Burgo, see Newburgh.

Nurse, Thomas, arm. App., 16 Jas. ], 7

Nye, Robert atte, see Gary, Henry.

Olyver, Simon. Inq. ad q. d. 18 Rich. II, 112

Orchard, Robert 1 Hen. V, 47

„ William, and Richard his son 8 Hen. V, 90

Organ, Emote, heiress of Nicholas Wotton, defunct,

probatio cetatis 37 Hen. VI, 50

Ormond, Earls of, see Botiller.

Olhe, Thomas, null. ten. terr. 16 Hen. VI, 16

Oultyng, Thomas, cler. for Chantry of Long Ash ton,

near Bristol 1 Rich. Ill, 50

Ovill-Eyvill, William de 50 Hen. Ill, 30

„ Ovile, William de, and Joan his wife 33 Edw. I, 34

Packere, Matthew le 21 Edw. I, 67

Pagan, see fil. Pagani.

Palton, Robert de 2 Hen. IV, 29

William, mil. 28 Hen. VI, 28

Panes, Richard de, of Bristol, for Priory of St. Augus-
tine's, Bristol. Inq. ad q. d. 16 Edw. II, 149
Thomas de, by Henry fil. Roger 17 Edw. Ill, 61*
„ John fil. Robert de, idiota 2nd part, 36 Edw. Ill, 16
„ John, son of Robert, fatuus et idiota 3 Rich. II, 48
Pappe worth, William de, see Tournament, John.

,, Elizabeth, wife of William de, dan. and

h. of John de Preston 2nd part, 35 Edw. Ill, 22
„ William de, pro John de Stourton and

Alice his wife 3 Rich. II, 148

Park, Walter, see Wyke, Joan.

„ Walter 2nd part, 35 Edw. Ill, 34

Parys, William de 40 Hen. Ill, 17

Pasturel, William, pro Abbey of Glastonbury. Inq.

ad q. d. 33 Edw. I, 208

Paulet, Idonea, wife of John 5 Hen. IV, 42

John, chev. 16 Hen. VI, 49

„ Pawlett, Isabella, wife of William, formerly

wife of Thomas Rodeney 18 Edw. IV, 49

Vol. XL 1 7 (Third Scries, Vol. I V), Part II. r

130

Papers, §*c.

Paulet, William

Paunsefete, Walter, null. ten. terr.

Paveley, John de

„ Pavely, John de

„ „ John de

„ Robert de, deest

1 Rich. Ill, 29

20 Hen. VI, 5

9 Edw. I, 21

15 Edw. I, 60

19 Edw. II, 76

1 Edw. Ill, 73*

„ Pavely, Robert de,feqffavit Nicholas Try vet

and N. de Leddered 5 Edw. Ill, 41*

Payn, John 51 Edw. Ill, 27a

,, Payne, John, of London, Armurer 2 Rich. If, 41

„ Thomas, and Thomas Strete, retinere possint 4 Rich. II, 67

„ John, of London, Armorer (who died 49 Edw.

17 Rich. II, 6(
21 Rich. II,
26 Hen. VI, 2(
33 Hen. Ill, 23, 31
23 Edw. I, 13!

1 Edw. II,
17 Edw. II, 2
6 Edw. Ill, 4(

III)

„ John, of London, Armourer
„ Payne, Thomas
Payn el, Panell, William
Peche, Nicholas

„ Pecche, Sabina
' „ „ Nicholas

„ „ Thomas til. Richard

Pembroke, Earls of. see Hastynges, and Marescall, Walter.
Penbngg, Hugh de, Chaplain 37 Edw. Ill, 64'

„ Penbrugge, Magr. Hugh de, for Abbott of

Glastonbury 10 Edw. Ill, 82:

„ Penbrugg, Hugh 39 Edw. Ill, 13V

„ „ Hugo, for the Abbot and Convent

of Glastonbury 39 Edw. Ill, 27<

„ Pembrigge, Hugh, clericus, for Henry Atte

Hole, Vicar of Sowy 46 Edw. Ill, 28'

Percy, John de and Emma his wife, pro Abbot of

Glaston. Inq. ad q. d. 11 Edw. I, 61

Percy valle, Ralph 17 Edw. IV,

„ Percyvale, Richard 22 Edw. IV, 4'

Perham, John 61., John 6 Edw. Ill,

Ferrers, Alice 1 Rich. II, 3(

Person, John 27 Hen. VI, 6

„ Roger 20 Edw. IV, 45

On the Inquisltiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 131

Pever, Thomas, arm. 8 Hen. VI, 21

Peverell, Nicholas 17 Rich. II, 62

„ Margaret 1 Hen. VI, 43

Peytevyn, Peter 20 Edw. Ill, 12

„ Walter, feoffavit John, Archbishop of Can-

terbury 20 Edw. Ill, 28*

„ Robert, pro Abbot of Keynsham 10 Rich. II, 77

Pil, Robert, see Courtenay, Hugh de, junr.

Pistore, Thomas, junr. 2nd part, 36 Edw. Ill, 19

Planke, William de la, s. and. h. of William, probatio

etatis 20 Edw. Ill, 61

Pleycy, Plexy, Nicholas de, chev. 31 Edw. Ill, 18

„ Nicholas 2nd part, 36 Edw. Ill, 15

John 8 Hen. IV, 63

Plessetis, William de 2 Edw. I, 37

Richard de 17 Edw. I, 21

„ Margery, wife of Richard de 21 Edw. I, 9

John de 7 Edw. II, 5

Plukenet, Plugenet, Alanus de 27 Edw. I, 54

„ Joan, wife of Alan 10 Edw. II, 25

„ Plunkenet, Oliver 2 Edw. Ill, 1

Sibilla, wife of Alan 27 Edw. Ill, 37

Poke swell, Elizabeth, see Tame, Elizabeth

„ John, and Alianora his wife 7 Hen. IV, 40

John 1 Hen. V, 48

„ Robert 8 Hen. VI, 30

Pole, Thomas, de la, mil. 1st part, 35 Edw. Ill, 61

„ John de la, clericus 3 Hen. V, 47

„ Michael de la, Earl of Suffolk 3 Hen. V, 48a

„ Michael de la, son and heir of Michael de la,

Earl of Suffolk 3 Hen. V, 48b

„ Thomas de la, chev. 8 Hen. V, 56

„ Anna, wife of Thomas de la, chev. Assignatio

dotis 8 Hen. V, 125

„ Thomas, son and heir of Thomas de la, chev. 9 Hen. VI, 45

Polmark, Thomas, see Preston, John 27 Edw. Ill, 14*

Pomeray, Thomas 12 Rich. II, 77

132 Papers, $c.

Ponte Fracto, Eobert de 39 Hen. Ill, 41

Pontesyde, Richard de, and Matilda his wife 33 Edw. Ill, 24*
Pontyngdon, Thomas, pro John Gary 44 Edw. Ill, 13*

17 Rich. II, 46

Ponynges, Isabella, wife of Richard de, chev.

^22 Rich. II, 36

Robert, mil. 25 Hen. VI, 24

Popham, William 18 Edw. IV, 29

Portbury, Richard de, pro Priory of Taunton. Inq.

adq. (I. 18 Edw. I, 64

Portebrief, William 2i Rich. II, 43

Porteshed, Nicholas 21 Rich. II, 109!)

Portman, Christiana 12 Edw. IV, 43

Poulet, Idonia, wife of John, sister and h. of Thomas,

s. and h. of John Kayle, probatio etatis 20 Rich. II, 149

„ Idonea, wife of John 3 Hen. IV, 42

„ John, and Thomas his brother 1 Hen. V, 54

,, Constance, wife of John, chev., defunct 21 Hen. VI, 22

John App., 9 Hen. VII, 9

Power, Henry 2nd part, 35 Edw. Ill, 35

Poyntz, Poynz, Nicholas 1 Edw. I, 17

Hugh 1 Edw. II, 46

„ Nicholas de, and Matilda and Elizabeth 5 Edw. II, 62

Hugh 11 Edw. Ill, 43

„ Pointz, Nicholas, chev. 19 Edw. Ill, 63

Preston, John de 2 Edw. Ill, 1*

,, John de, feoffavit Thomam Polmark of

Preston, chaplain 27 Edw. Ill, 14*

John de 2nd part, 35 Edw. Ill, 40

Stephen 14 Edw. IV, 30

Proudhou, John de, pro Richard de Stapleldon 3 Edw. Ill, 22*

Provost, Thomas, Prior of Stokecurcy 49 Edw. Ill, 41*

Pukynton, capellan. in eccl. de, per Gilbert de Knovill.

Inq. ad q. d. 29 Edw. I, 134

Punchard, Jo'm, and Alice his wife, lands of Matilda,

wife of John Meriet, retinere possint 5 Rich. II, 90
Putteneye, John Parson of, see Middelnay, Ralph de

On the Inquisitioncs Post Mortem for Somerset. 133

{2 Edw. Ill, 15
„
1st. Nos. 76

Pym, William, of Cannington 8 Hen. VI, 23

Pyne, Hawisia, see Bonevill, Hawisia.

„ Hawisia de 4 Edw. Ill, 25

Pyron, Hugh, of Woketrowe, pro Abbot of Olive 20 Edw. Ill, 44*

Radeston, John, see Meryet, John 48 Edw. Ill, 81

., John, and Margaret his wife 19 Rich. II, 39

Radington, Baldwin de, chev., and William Wrother 3 Hen. IV, 17

Ralegh. Ralee, John, mil., and Warre, John de 28 Edw. Ill, 21

„ ,, John de, of Netelcombe, chev. 4G Edw. Ill, 50

,, Simon, arm. ] 8 Hen. VI, 67

,, Joan, wife of Simon, arm., null. ten. terr. 33 Hen. VI, G

William, son of Walter 7 Edw. IV, 36

Redeclyve, Nicholas Boy], Vicar of, see Lyouns, Thomas.

Redmore, Henry, and Caudel Adam, pro Hospital of

Bridgwater 31 Edw. Ill, 26*

„ Redemore, Henry de, for Hospital of St.

John, Bridgwater 40 Edw. Ill, 36*

Reigney, John 20 Edw. IV, 87

Remyngham, Hugo de, and Matilda his wife 33 Edw. Ill, 18*
Revell, Mabila 36 Hen. Ill, 77

Reynald, John, pro Dean of Wells. Ing. ad q. d. 20 Hen. VI, 23
Ripariis, John de 7 Edw. I, 31

Rixin, Tholomeus atte, see Gilbert, G.
Rodeney, Isabella, see Pawlett, Isabella.

,, Rodenay, Alice, see Bonevile, Alice.

,, Rodeney e, Richard de, and Lucy his wife,

per Walter, Bishop of Bath and Wells 32 Edw. I, 99

„ Walter de 3 Edw. Ill, 44*

„ Walter de 8 Edw. Ill, 50*

Rodeneye, Walter de, pro Prior of Bath 12 Edw. Ill, 33*

„ Walter de, pro Ralph, Bishop of Bath and

Wells, and Priory of Worsprynge 1 6 Edw. Ill, 58*

John, chev. 2 Hen. IV, 32

„ Rodenay, Walter, chev. 1 Hen. V, 51

John, chev 8 Hen. V, 105

134 Papers, frc.

Rodeney, Rodenay, Walter, mil. 6 Edw. IV, 42

„ „ Thomas, arm. 9 and 10 Edw. IV, 63

Thomas 18 Edw. IY, 4

Rodeston, John 10 Rich. II, 60

Roger, John 20 Hen. VI, 32

„ John, sen. 28 Hen. VI, 34

Rogers, Elizabeth, wife of Thomas, defunct 15 Edw. IV, 14

,, Thomas, serjeant-at-law 18 Edw. IV, 7

Roges, Simon, of Porlok 34 Edw. I, 31

,, John. Tnquis. tantum 10 Rich. II, 121

ah. Rokes, John 1 1 Rich. II, 45

Rokes, Roges, als. John 1 1 Rich. II, 45

Romesey, Romesighe, Walter de 7 Edw. Ill, 16

„ Walter, s. and h. of John de App., 20 Edw. Ill, 63

,, Romeseye, Margaret de 47 Edw. Ill, 29

Walter, chev. 5 Hen. IV, 32

„ Romeseye, Alice, wife of Walter, chev. 6 Hen. IV, 29

„ Thomas 13 Hen. IV, 10

„ Thomas, chev. 8 Hen. V, 89

,, Romeseye, Joan, wife of Thomas, chev.

assignatio dotis 9 Hen. V, 76

Walter, arm. 7 Hen. VI, 26

, , Romeseye, Walter s. and h. of Walter,

arm. 8 Hen. VI, 22

Roose, Alianora, see Somerset, Alianora, Duchess of
Rossedenek, Rossydenek, Richard, pro Abbot of

Muchelney 34 Edw. Ill, 43 :

„ Richard, pro Abbey of Muchelneye 42 Edw. Ill, 25*

Roudon, Isabella, wife of John, mil. 13 Hen. VI, 32

Roundel, Roger 50 Edw. Ill, 83

Roynon, John 5 Edw. IV, 13

Rumesye, John, son of Galfrid de,fatuus 27 Edw. I, 101

Rus, John le 40 Hen. Ill, 2

Russell, Robert 25 Edw. I, 28

„ Ralph, cbev. 2nd part, 49 Edw. Ill, 32

„ Alice, wife of Ralph 2 Rich. II, 46

Alice, wife of Ralph, mil. 11 Rich. II, 46

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 135

Russell, Thomas, s. and h. of Maurice, chev., and Margaret,
d. and h. of Thomas, assignatio dotis of
Joan, wife of Thomas 10 Hen. VI, 39

Ryme, Chaplain of, per Richard Mucheldenere 12 Rich. II, 157
Rysyngdon, John de, Parson of Yevel, see Sarnbourn,

Robert de
Ryvere, Emma and Richard, see Merston, Emma.

„ John de la 8 Edw. II, 27

„ Richard de la 2nd part, 36 Edw. Ill, 27

„ Thomas de la 48 Edw. Ill, 60

Ryvers, Thomas de, and William Taillour 36 Edw. Ill, 52*

Robert 19 Hen. VI, 31

Sabyne, Adam, of Bekyngdon 44 Edw. Ill, 62

St. Aubyn, John de, mil., and Joan his wife 8 Rich. II, 32

f 8 Rich. II, 32

" J°hn' nul {9 Rich. II, 139

St. Barbe, Seyntbarbe, Thomas, arm. 1 Rich. Ill, 8

St. Clair, St. Clare, Richard de Uncertain, Hen. Ill, 116

„ St. Claro, Robert de 2 Edw. II, 72

„ John, fil. John de, pro John Daubernoun 4 Edw. Ill, 15

„ John, fil. John de 9 Edw. Ill, 48

St. Clare, Robert de 10 Edw. Ill, 56

„ Saint cler, Alice, wife of John 1 7 Edw. Ill, 9

„ Robert, pro Thomas Waryn 25 Edw. Ill, 7*

„ Robert de 33 Edw. Ill, 105

„ Elizabeth 2nd part, 35 Edw. Ill, 51

„ Seyncler, Robert 42 Edw. Ill, 51

„ „ Robert 45 Edw. Ill, 50

„ Seyntcler, Sibila, wife of Robert 46 Edw. Ill, 61

„ Seintcler, Sibila, wife of Roger 48 Edw, III, 64

„ Seynclere, Leticia, wife of William 50 Edw. Ill, 59

„ „ John, son and heir of William 51 Edw. Ill, 41

„ „ John, chev., and Mary his

wife 10 Rich. IT, 40

„ Seyntcler, Mary, wife of John, chev.

Assignat. dotis. 11 Rich. II, 47

St. Clere, Philip 9 Hen. IV, 44

136 Papers, fyc.

St. Clair, St. Clere, Margaret, wife of Philip, and

John their son 1 Hen. VI, 30

„ Seyntclere, Alice, wife of Nicholas, mil. 19 Edw. IV, 28

St. John, Alexander de, and Elizabeth his wife,/eo^*-
averunt Richard de Morcestre, Parson
of Luccumbe 13 Edw. Ill, 23*

Elizabeth, wife of Alexander 19 Edw. Ill, 26

Oliver, knt., and Elizabeth his wife 3 Rich. II, 57

,, Oliver de, chev., and Elizabeth his wife 4 Rich. II, 48

Oliver, chev. 7 Rich. II, 115

,, Alexander de, and Elizabeth his wife, and

Richard de Morcestre, placita 8 Rich. II, 114

Henry 8 Hen. IV, 21

„ John, mil. 3 Hen. VI, 12

William 13 Edw. IV, 31

„ of Jerusalem, see Rerkele, Thomas de

St. Laudo, Joan, d. and h. of John and Rich. Pyke

and Joan his wife 1st Nos., 2 Edw. Ill, 76

St. Laud, Margaret, wife of John 13 Hen. IV, 30

St. Lo, John, arm. 26 Hen. VI. 25

St. Mauro or Sancto Mauro, see Seymour
Salisbury, Earls of, see Monte Acuto.
Salmon, Elizabeth, wife of Robert, sister and heir of

Nicholas le Walssh 39 Edw. Ill, 22

Samborn, Robert, see Meryet, John de

Robert, Parson of Yeovil 40 Edw. HI, 69

Sambourn, Robert de 22 Edw. Ill, 3*

Robert de 24 Edw. Ill, 31*

„ ,, Robert de, pro John de Rysyng-

clon, Parson of Yevel 29 Edw. Ill, 40*

„ „ Robert de, Parson of Yeovil 45 Edw. I] I, 66

Sambroke, Thomas, null. ten. terr. 23 Hen. VI, 45

Sampson, Thomas 7 Hen. V, 55

Sancto Vigore, Thomas de 23 Edw. I, 12

Sanford, Wedegrave and Stawelle, Homines de 6 Edw. I, 52

„ Sandford, Nicholas and Agnes 32 Edw. Ill, 2*

Saunzaver, Hugh 12 Edw. E, 18

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 137

Say, Lord of, see Hervy, Margaret.

,, James, Lord of, mil., rent in Bristol 29 Hen. VI, 11

Segere, Thomas, son of Agnes, wife of Henry of

Yeovil, fatuus 3 Hen. IV, 19

,, Thomas, son of Agnes, wife of Henry of

Yeovil 8 Hen. IV, 12

Selenger, Anna, wife of Thomas, see Exeter, Anna,

Duchess of

Servington, see Cervington

Seward, William, son and heir of Robert 28 Hen. VI, 39

Seymour, Nicholas de, see De La Mare, Robert
,, Semore, see Zouch, William

„ Seymor, Matilda, late wife of Ralph, see Meriet, John

„ St. Mauro, Laurence de 25 Edw. I, 13

„ feancto Mauro, Nicholas de, and Eva his

wife, de licencio feoff., pro Walter de
Skydemore 35 Edw. I, 141

„ Sancto Mauro, Nicholas de, and Muriella,

feoffaverunt John Derby 31 Edw. Ill, 16*

„ Nicholas de 2nd part, 35 Edw. Ill, 52

,, Nicholas, chev. and Nicholas his

son 2nd part, 49 Edw. Ill, 42

„ Saymour, Richard, brother and heir of

Nicholas, son and heir of Nicholas 50 Edw. Ill, 96
„ William, and MargaretTris wife 1st part, 15 Rich. II, 58

„ Seymor, Cecilia, wife of Roger, sister and

heir of John de Beauchamp 17 Rich. II, 52

,, Sancto Mauro, Richard de, cher. 2 Hen. IV, 55

,, St. Maur, Richard de, chev., and Mary his

wife 10 Hen. IV, 38

,, St. Mauro, Ela, wife of Richard de.

chev. 11 Hen. IV, 23

Robert 1 Hen. V, 38

St. Manro, John de, mil., of Castle Cary 3 Hen. V, 36

„ „ Richard and Mary 2 Hen. VI, 10

,, ,, John de, probatio etatis 9 Hen. VI, 74

„ „ John de, mil. 17 Hen. VI, 40

Vol. XLIV (Third Series, Vol. IV), Part 1 1. -s

138 Papers, §-c.

Seymour, St. Mauro, Elizabeth, wife of John 35 Hen. VI, 2

,, Seymoure, John, mil. 4 Edw. IV, 32

Richard 13 Edw. IV, 12

„ Seymoure, Isabella; widow of John 2 Rich. Ill, 36

Seys, Philip Date not known, App., Hen. Ill, 81

Shaftesbury Abbey. Inq. ad q. d. 32 Edw. I, 166

Sheote, John, pro Priory of Bath 13 Rich. II, 122

Short, John 22 Rich. II, 42

Shrewsbury, Shropshire, Margaret, Viscountess 7 Edw. IV, 44

Scolande, Scothlaund, Galfrid de 15 Edw. I, 11

„ Galfrid de 18 Edw. I, 46

„ Scolond, Francis de 12 Edw. Ill, 19

„ Scoland, Henry 41 Edw. Ill, 55

,, Franco de, pro John Beauchamp 3 Rich. II, 78

Skydemore, Walter de, see Sancto Mauro 35 Edw. 1, 141

Slade, Richard and Isabella 11 Rich. II, 70

Slegh, John,/e/o 34 Edw. Ill, 4*

Sm'ton (? Southampton), Robert de 28 Edw. Ill, 40

Solers, John, s. and h. of William, deceased, probatio

eiatis 7 Hen. V, 87
Somerset, Earl of, John, see Beaufort, Henry.

„ John Beaufort, Earl of 11 Hen. IV, 44

„ John Beaufort, Duke of 22 Hen. VI, 19

„ Edmund Beaufort, Duke of 33 Hen. VI, 38

,, Alianora, Duchess of, wife of Thomas, Lord

Roose 7 Edw. IV, 20

Sormavile, Joan de 35 Edw. I, 36
South Petherton, John de Stafford, pro Pardon of

chapel of. Inq. ad q. d. 21 Edw. I, 118

Sparewe, John 5 Hen. V, 35

Speke, John, mil., null. ten. terr. 20 Hen. VI, 3

Spelly, Elias, pro Priory of Worspryng 7 Rich. II, 91

Spencer, William, for Chantry of Long Ashton, near

Bristol 1 Rich. Ill, 50

Stafford, John de, pro Parson of chapel of Suth-

pederton. Inq. ad q. d. 21 Edw. I, 118

„ Hugh, Earl of 13 Rich. II, 49

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 139

Stafford, Thomas, Earl of 1st part, 16 Rich. II, 27

„ William, brother and h. of Thomas, Earl of 22 Rich. II, 46

Edmund, Earl of 4 Hen. IV, 41

,, Humphry, mil., and Elizabeth his wife 1 Hen. Y, 41

„ Catherine, wife of Humphry, arm. 5 Hen. Y, 58

„ John, mil., Lord of Botreaux 6 Hen. YI, 39

Humphry, mil. 20 Hen. YI, 9

William, arm. 28 Hen. YI, 14

Humphry, Earl of Devon 9 and 10 Edw. IY, 30

Stape'ldon, Richard de, see Proudhou, John.

„ Stapeldone, Thomas de, pro Dean and Chapter

of St. Peter's, Exeter 2 Edw. Ill, 93*

,, Stapelton, Brian de, see Monte Acuto, William de.

„ Stapilton, John and Cecila 16 Edw. Ill, 34

Staple, Parson of, see Leystr, Richard.

Staunton, William de, clericus 31 Edw. I, 60

,, John, for Chantry of Long Ash ton 1 Rich. Ill, 50

,, William, arm, null. ten. terr. 1 Hen. Y, 5

Staverdale, Priory of, see Meysy, Robert.
,, Priory of, see Stourton, John.

Stawell, Thomas, mil. 17 Hen. YI, 23

,, Homines de, see Sanford.

„ Stowell, Galfrid, and Juliana his wife 37 Edw. Ill, 68
Stenyng, Robert, gent, 2 Rich. Ill, 3

Stoke super Hameldon, pro Capella de St. Nicholas,

per John de Bello Campo. Irtq. ad q. d. 30 Edw. I, 72
Stoke under Hampton Manor, extent of. Inq.

ad q. d. 22 Hen. YI, 5

Stokelinche, Ralph de 4 Edw. Ill, 104*

Stokes, William de 22 Edw. I, 61

Stonford, John de, and Ralph de Mynty, pro Priory

of St. John, Wells 16 Edw. Ill, 9*

Stourton, John de, and Alice, see Pappeworth, William de.

„ William, pro Priory of Wytham 2nd part, 15 Rich. II, 54

,, William, retinere possit 19 Rich. II, 97

William 1 Hen. Y, 49

„ John, pro Dean of Wells. Inq. ad q. d. 15 Hen. YI, 5

140 Papers, §-c.

Stourton, John, of Preston, arm., null, ten, terr. 17 Hen. VI, 6
,, John, mil., pro Prior of Staverdale. Inq.

ad q. d. 20 Hen. VI, 22

„ John, mil., of Stourton 2 Edw. IV, 18

„ William, mil., of Stourton 17 Edw. IV, 55

Stradlyng, Edward, mil. 31 Edw. VI, 13

,, Stradling, Joan, wife of John, mil. 35 Hen. VI, 6

Joan 20 Edw. IV, 52

Stretche, John, and Alice his wife 29 Edw. Ill, 33

,, Streche, John, chev., feqffavit John Tomer 13 Rich. IT, 82

Strettche, John, mil. 14 Rich. II, 42

„ Streche, Catherine, wife of John, chev. 1 Hen. VI, 29

Strete, Thomas, and Thomas Payn, retinere jiossint 4 Rich. II, G7

Stucle, Elizabeth, wife of Richard, and formerly of John

Bonville 2 Hen. V, 18

Sturmy, William, chev. 5 Hen. VI, 22

Suffolk, Earl of, see Pole, Michael de la.

„ William, formerly Duke of 28 Hen. VI, 25

Sullen, Andrew 44 Hen. Ill, 36

Sulleny, Galfrid de 50 Hen. Ill, 31

Surrey, see Joan, wife of John de Warenna, Earl of.
Sydenham, Margaret, see Mutton, Margaret.

„ Richard, pro Abbot of Athelygneye 44 Edw. Ill, 31*

„ John de, pro St. Mary of Bridgewater

2nd part, 16 Rich. II, 101

„ John, sen., arm. 8 Edw. IV, 22

Walter 9 and 10 Edw. IV, 18

John 9 and 10 Edw. IV, 19

„ Joan, wife of John, arm. 12 Edw. IV, 45

Taillour, William, and Thomas de Ryvers 36 Edw. Ill, 52*

,, William, appreciacione terrarum 13 Rich. II, 103

Talbot, John, see Norton St. Philip.

,, Joan, wife of John, Viscount Lisle, a dau. and

h. of Thomas Chedder 7 Edw. IV, 42

Tame, Elizabeth, wife of Thomas, arm., formerly wife

of John Pokeswell 1 1 Hen. VI, 28

Taunton, Archdeaconry of, see Goldclyve, Prior of.

On the Tnquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 141

Taunton, Prior of, see Bolevyle, Nicholas de.

„ John de Uncertain, Hen. Ill, 127

,, Abbey of, per Philip de Thorlakeston. Inq.

ad q.d. 18 Edw. I, 63

„ Priory of, per Richard de Portbury. Inq.

ad q. d. 18 Edw. I, 64

Tewkesbury, Abbot of 7 Rich. II. 85

Abbot of 13 Rich. II, 95

Thomas, Richard, arm. 2 Hen. IV, 26

Thomer, William, chaplin 3 Rich. II, 82.

,, Edith, sister of John, son and heir of

Richard 10 Hen. IV", 41

Thorlakeston, Philip de, pro Abbey of Taunton.

Inq. adq. d. 18 Edw. I, 63

Thorne, Henry, and John Bulbek, pro John Canoun,

deest. 4 Rich. II, 70

Thornhull, Walter de, ex concessione Nicholas de

Moeles 9 Edw. II, 35

Thorpe, Catherine, wife of John de, mil.

^ 13 Rich. II, 155

„ Thorp, John, messuage in Bristol 9 and 10 Edw. IV, 13

Thurmond, Thosmound, Agnes, wife of Nicholas J

(^ 13, Hen. Iv, 16

Tilly, William, fil. Richard, pro Abbot of Glas-

tonbury 6 Edw. Ill, 4 a*

Tiptoft, Phillipa, wife of John, chev. 5 Hen. V, 40

Typtot, John, mil. 21 Hen. VI, 45

Tomer, John, see Streche, John, chev.

Torynton, John, extent, A pp. 5 Hen. IV, 58

Tour, Thomas de la 21 Edw. I, 11

,, Hugh, s. and h. of Thomas, probatio etatis 3 Edw. II, 69

,, William de la, s. and h. of Hugh, probatio

etatis 9 Edw. Ill, 66

Toure, William de la 24 Edw. Ill, 18

Tournament, John and Cecilia, pro William de

Pappeworth 41 Edw. Ill, 28*

Tr avers, Lucy, wife of Richard, deest 46 Edw. Ill, 2*

142 Papers, §*c.

Tregoze, John de 28 Edw. I, 43

Trevenaunt, John, clericus, see Boleyn, Thomas
Trewythosa, Simon de 13 Edw. Ill, 3

Trevylyan, John, arm, A pp. 8 Hen. VII, 7

Trippe, Stephen. Parson of Canmell 22 ICdw. Ill, 20*

Trivet, Thomas, mil. Appreciacione terra-
rum 2nd part, 15 Rich. II, 10
Tromyn, Humphrey 25 Edw. Ill, 69
Trowe, Hugh, and Elizabeth his wife A pp. 8 Hen. VII, 9
Tryl, Walter de 2 Edw. ITT, 142 *
Try vet, Nicholas, see Pavely, Robert de.

Thomas 9 Edw. I. 37

William 8 Edw. II, 36

,, Thomas, son of William and Joan his wife 10 Edw. II, 75

„ Thomas, chev., and Elizabeth his wife 12 Rich. II, 52

„ John, chev. 22 Rich. II, 45

„ Elizabeth, wife of Thomas, mil., defunct 12 Hen. VI, 35

Tuchet, Elizabeth, see Audeley, Elizabeth.

John, chev. 10 Hen. IV, 47

Turbervile, Cecilia, see Atte Forde, Valentine.

„ Cecilia de 1st part, 15 Rich. II, 103

„ Cecilia, sister and h. of John Beauchamp

2nd part, 15 Rich. II, 27

Turney, John 19 Edw. IV, 16

Walter 19 Edw. IV, 17

Turri, Hugh de 11 Edw. I, 23

Tyrell, John 34 Edw. Ill, 66

„ Hugh, chev. and Katherine his wife 4 Rich. II, 54

Ufflete, John, s. and h. of Edmond, arm., probatio

etatis 26 Hen. VI, 36

Urlegh, Agnes, dau. and h. of Alice 8 Hen. IV, 10

„ see also Verlegh.

Urtiaco, Urtyaco, Sabina de 38 Hen. HI, 43

Sabina de 42 Hen. Ill, 22

Henry de 22 Edw. I, 80

Walter de, and Matilda his wife 34 Edw. I, 49

On the Inqnisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 143

Urtiaco, Henry de 15 Edw. TT, 50?

This Inquisition is placed under 1 5 Edw III,
no. 35, but was found on examination (for
the purposes of elucidating the pedigree of
the Urtiaco's, as set forth in the Transac-
tions of the Som. Arch. Society, vol. xlii,
26—55) to belong really to 15 Edw. II.
Sibilla, wife of Henry 17 Edw. II, 3

Johnde 9 Rich. II, 127

Valeye, Roland de la 3 Edw. II, 5b

Valle Torta, John de, pro Carmelite Brothers of

Bristol 17 Edw. I, 35

Vallibus, Ralph de. (Reginald de) in brevi. 12 Edw. I, 37

Veel, Peter and Katherine de 17 Edw. Ill, 55

Veer, Margaret, wife of George, mil. 12 Edw. IV, 40

Verlegh, Juliana 11 Rich. II, 52

„ see also Urlegh.

Veym, William de, deeat 30 Edw. I, 28

Vinonia, Joan de, wife of Reginald til. Peter 8 Edw. II, 42

Vivon, Hugh de 28 Hen. Ill, 22, 25

Vynour, William, chaplain, for Priory of Bath 41 Edw. Ill, 15*

Wac, John Uncertain, Hen. Ill, 129

Wadham, John, chev. 13 Hen. IY, 39

„ William, null. ten. terr. 30 Hen. VI, 27

„ John. arm. 14 Edw. IV, 19

Wake, John, 22 Edw. Ill, 46

„ John de 34 Edw. Ill, 69

„ Thomas, arm. 38 and 39, Hen. VI, 43

Wale, Richard, outlaiv 8 Hen. IV, 70

Waleraund, Robert 1 Edw. I, 6

„ Matilda 1 Edw. I, 35

Walgrave, Elizabeth, wife of Warin, defunct 19 Hen. VI, 41

Walissh, see Walshe

Walraund, John and Robert, and Isabella 2 Edw. II, 80

Walshe, Walssh, Nicholas le, see Salmon, Elizabeth

„ Adam le. Inq. ad q. d. 33 Edw. I, 206

John le 7 Edw, III, 26

144 Papers, 8fc.

Walshe, Walissh, Nicholas le, of Podyngton 13 Edw. Ill, 23

„ Walisshe, Nicholas le 13 Edw. Ill, 45

„ Walssh, Joan and Elizabeth, daus. and heirs

of Nicholas le 24 Edw. Ill, 45

„ Walyssh, Roesa, wife of John la 2nd part, 36 Edw. Ill, 68

Walsymgham, John de, for Hospital of St. John,

Bridgwater 17 Edw. Ill, 58*

Walton, Isabella, wife of Alan de 37 Edw. Ill, 76

Wamburgh, Robt. de, pro Abbot of Glaston. 2 Edw. Ill, 129*

,, see also Wauberghe.

Warden, John Middelton, Parson of, see Latymer, Thomas
Warr, Lord de la, see West, Richard

„ Richard de la Date not known, App., Hen. Ill, 91

„ Ware, Roger la 14 Edw. II, 32

„ John la, pro Warino le Latimer 13 Edw. Ill, 3*

„ Margaret, wife of John le 1st part, 23 Edw. Ill, 90

„ Johnle, and John Ralee, mil. 28 Edw. Ill, 21

„ Richard, s. and h. of John le Warre and Joan

his wife 42 Edw. Ill, 71

„ Roger le, chev., and Alinor his wife 44 Edw. Ill, 68

„ John de la, chev., and Elizabeth his wife 22 Rich. II, 53

„ John 1 Hen. IV, 58

„ Thomas la 5 Hen. VI, 54

„ Joan, wife of John, arm., null. ten. terr. 17 Hen. VI, 7

„ Robert 5 Edw. IV, 17

,, Richard, arm., of Hestercombe 22 Edw. IV, 37

Warrena, John de, Earl of Surrey 21 Edw. Ill, 58

,, Warenna, Joan, wife of John, Earl of Surrey

2nd pt., 35 Edw. Ill, 79
Warmbrugge, Richard, Parson of St. John's, Bristol,

per John Knighton, c!ericus 13 Rich. II, 118

Warmewell, Roger, and Felicia his wife 10 Rich. II, 51

Warmyll, John 14 Hen. VI, 31

Warwick, Dukes and Earls of, see Beauchamp.
Waryn, Thomas, see St. Clair, Robert.

Wattis, Thomas 38 and 39 Hen. VI, 1

„ Wattys, Thomas, deest 3 Edw. IV, 2

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 145

Wattyssche, Laurence, see De La Mare, Thomas.

Wauberghe, Robert, pro Abbot of Glaston. 2 Edw. Ill, 99*

,, see also Wamburgh.

Waye, Emma de Uncertain, Hen. Ill, 125

Wayte, William le, see Glamorgan, Peter.

John la 2nd part, 36 Edw. Ill, 72

„ Guido, son of John 46 Edw. Ill, 69

Weborne, John, for College of Yeovil. Inq. ad q. d. 17 Edw. IV, 61
Wedegrave, Homines de, see Sanford.

Wedergrave, Nicholas de 1 Edw. Ill, 14;:

Weld, Welde, William, pro Priory of St. John, Wells

28 Edw. Ill, 16*

,, Richard, of Yevele, extenta terrarum 4 Rich. II, 78

Wellington, John, brother and h. of Ralph, who was

s. and. h. of John de, mil. 20 Rich. II, 55

,, Welington, John, and John son of John

Wrothe 13 Hen. IV, 25

Wells, see Cristesham, Nicholas

,, Dean and Chapter of, see Gardener, Peter

„ Dean and Chapter of St. Andrews, see Godele, H. de

„ Dean and Chapter of Cathedral, see Boleyn, Thomas

,, Dean of, see Reynald, John

,, Dean of, see Stourton, John

,, Priory of St. John, see Stonford, John de

„ Priory of St. John, see Welde, William.

,, St. Andrew's Church, per Walter, Bishop of

Bath and Wells. Inq. ad q. d. 34 Edw. I, 179
,, Dean of, St. Andrews, per Hamelinus de

Godelee 35 Edw. I, 117

,, Priory of St. John, per Thomas Lyons 19 Rich. II, 86

Wellesley, Welleslegh, William de 37 Hen. Ill, 15

William de 38 Hen. Ill, 13

Welleslegh, Thomas de 17 Edw. I, 4

Wellesleye, Thomas de 3 Edw. Ill, 9*

,, Welleslegh, Philip de, feoffavit Elias de

Corscombe 13 Edw. Ill, 50*

Philip de 18 Edw. Ill, 17*

Vol. XL IV (Third Series, Vol. IV), Part II. t

146 Papers, tyc.

Wellesley, Welleslegh, Philip de, pro Priory of

Bruton 19 Edw. Ill, 66*

Philip de 22 Edw. Ill, 43

Weolegh, see Burnell, Hugh

Wermewelle, William de, and Alianora his wife 35 Edw. I, 17

Wermyll, John 16 Hen. VI, 22

West, Thomas, chev. 10 Rich II, 52

,, Alice, wife of Thomas, mil. 19 Rich. II, 49

Thomas, chev. 4 Hen. V, 28

„ Reginald, mil. 29 Hen. VI, 21

„ Richard, Lord de la Warr, mil. 16 Edw. IV, 62

Westbury, William, sen. 28 Hen. VI, 23

William 36 Hen. VI, 31

Weston, Gundreda de, and Roesia de Weston, pro

Prior, etc., of Bath. Inq. ad q. d. 33 Edw. I, 240

Weyland, William de 1 Edw. Ill, 79

„ Weylond, John chev., and Burga his wife 10 Rich. II, 47

,, ,, Burga, wife of John, chev. 12 Rich. II, 55

,, ,, John, chev., and Burga his wife

1st part, 15 Rich. II, 69
,, ,, John, chev., and Burga his wife

breve tantum 20 Rich. II, 96

Whaddon, Humphry de, deest 14 Edw. I, 29

Whalisburgh, Thomas 21 Edw. IV, 41

Whateley, Elizabeth, wife of Richard 12 Edw. IV, 16

Whittockesmede, William App., 35 Hen. VIII, 1

Whiteley, Agnes, wife of William, defunct 14 Edw. IV, 5

Whitwode, John 21 Edw. IV, 23

Whyton, John 50 Edw. Ill, 64

Wigbere, Robert, see Bridge water, Hospital of.

Wygheberg, Richard 55 Hen. Ill, 12

„ Wigbergh, Elena de Uncertain, Hen. Ill, 123

» Wyggebere, William de, and Joan his wife 18 Edw. II, 64

» Wygebeare, Richard de, and Matilda his wife

1 Edw. Ill, 35*

Wygebere, Richard de 1 Edw. Ill, 89*

Wykebere, Matilda 33 Edw. Ill, 23

On the Inquisitiones Post Mortem for Somerset. 147

Willyng, William, for Abbey of Muchelneye 40 Edw. Ill, 25*
Wilts, Amicia, wife of James, Earl of 35 Hen. VI, 16

James, Earl of 1 Edw. IV, 29

Winchester, Bishop of, pro Hospital of St. Cross,

near Winchester. Inq. ad q. d. 24 Hen. VI, 13
Winslade, Stephen 6 Hen. LV, 3d

Wirkele, William, pro Priory of St. John, Jerusalem

2nd part, 15 Rich. II, 68
Wit ham, Priory of, see Cheddre, Robert.
,, ,, ,, Erlestoke, Thomas.

,, ,, ,, Mershton, John de.

,, ,, ,, per William Stourton

2nd part, 15 Rich. II, 54

Wivelescombe, John 6 Hen. V, 22

Wolavington, Henry de 16 Edw. I, 64

,, Wolavyngton, Gilbert de, pro Clyve

Abbey. Inq. ad q. d. 27 Edw. I, 82

Wolvesford, Baldwin, and John Chapei 1st part, 15 Rich. II, 67
Worcester, Godefrid, Bishop of 30 Edw. I, 41

Wormbrugge, Parson of St. John's, Bristol, see

Knyghton, John, cler.

Worsope, John 14 Edw. IV, 34

Worspryng, Prior of, see Gary, Henry.

,, Priory of, see Rodeney, Walter de.

„ Spelley, Elias.

„ Worsprynge, Priory of 32 Edw. HI, 88*

Wotton, Nicholas, see Organ, Emote.

Nicholas 32 Hen. VI, 27

Wrofton or Wroston, William 10 Hen. IV, 50

Wroth, William, arm. 10 Hen. IV, 18

„ Wrothe, John, son of John, and John Wel-
lington 13 Hen. IV, 25
William 28 Hen. VI, 6
„ Wrothe, John, arm. 20 Edw. IV, 28
Wrotham, Richard de 35 Hen. Ill, 47
Richard de 37 Hen. Ill, 12
Wrother, William and Baldwin de Radington 3 Hen. IV, 17

148 Papers, fyc.

Wroxhale, Galfrid de, see Champflour.

Galfrid de 5 Edw. I, 56

Wychele, Henry de 3 Edw. Ill, 19

Wydeford, John, extenta terrarum 5 Rich. II, 73

,, John, appreciation* terrarum 5 Rich. II, 82

,, John and Margaret his wife, appreciacione

terrarum 13 Rich. II, 104

Wydeslade, Richard de 29 Edw. Ill, 22

Wyggeton, Walter de 14 Edw. I, 15

,, John de, and Dionisia his wife 8 Edw. II, 61

Wyke, Joan, wife of Robert, daughter of Thomas Chastelyn,
kin and heiress of Emma, wife of Walter
Peak, probatio etatis 1st part, 36 Edw. Ill, 136
John 12 Hen. IV, 23

John 11 Edw. IV, 24

Wykeham, William, arm., null. ten. terr. 35 Hen. VI, 29

Wykes, Richard 1 Rich. Ill, 22

Wyking, Walter 19 Edw. I, 32

,, John, pro priory of Bruton 1st part, 16 Rich. II, 105
Wylkyns, John, sen., of Bristol, pro John Crome, Vicar

of St. Nicholas, Bristol 6 Rich. II, 137

Wyndesore, William de, chev. 8 Rich. II, 38

Wythele, Reginald de 4 Edw. II, 23

Yelverton, Robert, chev. null. ten. terr. 7 Hen. VI, 1

Yeovil, College of, see Weborn, John.

„ Jevele, John Latton, prepositus of 2nd part, 15 Rich. II, 136
Yonge, Thomas 17 Edw. IV, 26

York, Archbishop of, see Giffard, Walter.

,, Phillippa, Duchess of, formerly wife of Walter

Fitz Wauter, mil. 10 Hen. VI, 45

Zouch, William la, of Haryngworth, mil. 19 Rich. II, 52

William le, chev. 3 Hen. V, 46

„ Zouche, Elizabeth, wife of William la, chev. 4 Hen. VI, 7

„ „ William, mil., null. ten. terr. 2 Edw. IV, 29

„ William, mil., Lord Zouch and Semore 8 Edw. IV, 53

„ - Zouche, Catherine, wife of William, mil. 11 Edw. IV, 40

Cf)e Division of t&e TBis&opucfeis of <KJe00er.

A PAPER BY THE RIGHT REV. W. R. BROWN LOW, D.D.,

Bishop of Clifton.

THE Proceedings of the Somerset Archaeological Society
do not contain any notice of a remarkable letter of St.
Dunstan, Archbishop of Canterbury, which was published in
1895 by Messrs. Napier and Stevenson, among the " Early
Charters," called the Crawford Collection, in the Bodleian
Library. This letter, which they tell us " has hitherto been
entirely unknown," throws considerable light on what Bishop
Stubbs calls " one of the most vexed questions of Anglo-Saxon
history " —the Division of the Bishopricks of Wessex. The
MS. is written in characters of the end of the tenth or begin-
ning of the eleventh century. It is probably a copy, for it is
among documents relating to Crediton, where it was likely to
be preserved after the union of the Sees of Cornwall (St.
Germans) and Crediton. I propose to give Professor Napier's
translation of the Saxon letter, and then proceed to show its
bearing on the bishopricks mentioned. Dunstan's name is not
mentioned in it ; but it is addressed to King ^Ethelred II (the
Unready), and has to do entirely with the South-West of
England, so it could not have been written by Oswald, Arch-
bishop of York. The letter runs thus : —

" This writing the Archbishop sends to his lord, ^Ethelred
the king. It happened that the West Welsh (the inhabitants

150

Papers, §*c.

of Cornwall) rose against King Ecgbriht. The king then
went thither and subdued them, and gave a tenth part of the
land (to God) and disposed of it as it seemed fit to him. He
gave to Sherborne three estates, Polltun, Caellwic, Land-
withan. And that remained so for many years until heathen
hordes overran this country and occupied it. Then there came
another time after that, when the teachers fell away, and
departed from England on account of the unbelief that had
then assailed it ; and all the kingdom of the West Saxons
stood for seven years without a bishop. Then Formosus the
Pope sent from Rome, and admonished King Edward and
archbishop Plegmund to amend this. And they did so ; with
the counsel of the Pope and all the witan of the English
nation they appointed five bishops where there were formerly
two : one at Winchester, that was Frythestan ; a second at
Ramsbury, that was 2Ethelstan ; a third at Sherborne, that
was Waerstan ; a fourth at Wells, that was JEthelm ; a fifth
at Crediton, that was Eadulf. And to him (Eadulf) were
assigned three estates in Wales (i.e., West Wales, or Corn-
wall), to be under the authority of the people of Devon,
because they (the Cornish) had formerly been disobedient,
without awe of the West Saxons. And Bishop Eadulf enjoyed
those lands during his life, and Bishop Aethelgar in like
manner. Then it happened that King ^Ethelstan gave to
Conan the Bishopric as far as the Tamar flowed (i.e., Corn-
wall). Then it happened that King Eadred commanded
Daniel to be consecrated, and gave the estates, as the witan
advised him, to the bishop-stool at St. Germans. Afterwards,
when King Edgar bade me consecrate Wulfsige, he and all
our bishops said that they did not know who could possess the
estates with greater right than the bishop of the diocese^
seeing that he was loyal, and preached the belief of God
aright, and loved his lord (the king). If, then, this bishop
does so now, I know not why he should not be worthy of the
estates, if God and our lord (the king) grant them to him.

The Division of the Bishopricks of Wcssex. 151

For it does not seem to us that any man can possess them
more rightfully than he, and if any (other) man take them to
himself, may he have them without God's blessing or ours."
(pp. 106-7.)

Before mentioning the great difficulties that this letter by
no means settles, it may be well to point out that it proves that
the account of the Division of the Wessex Bishopricks, as
given by William of Malmesbury, was known in the time of
St. Dunstan. Bishop Stubbs, before the discovery of this
letter, was of opinion that the statement which is found in the
records of the Cathedrals of Exeter, Winchester, and Canter-
bury " acquired its present form soon after the middle of the
eleventh century." (Malmesbury, Gesta reg. ii, p. Ivi.) St.
Dunstan died in 988, and he must have consecrated Wulfsige
after 975, in which year his predecessor's signature as bishop
appears for the last time. The letter apparently contemplates
a successor to Wulfsige. That successor was Ealdred, who
must have been consecrated before 988, although his first
signature appears in a document of 993. It also proves that
^Ethelstan bestowed on Conan the bishopric of Cornwall,
which had been stated by Leland, although the Charter of
^Ethelstan, on the authority of which he had rested, is now
lost. Another point is proved by it, viz., that Daniel, a monk
of Glastonbury, had been appointed by Eadred bishop of
Cornwall. He is said by Malmesbury to have died in 956.*

The three manors, to use the Norman term, given to the
Bishoprick of Sherborne are called Poll tun, Caellwic and
Landwithan. Polltun is called Pauntona in the Exeter

* The editors note : " The first four Bishops of the West-Saxon See of Corn-
wall are therefore: (1) Conan, consecrated under Aethelstan (A.D. 926?);
Daniel, consecrated under Eadred, signs 955 to 959 ; (3) Comoere, who appears
in the Bodniin manumissions as ' Comuyre presbyter ' under Eadred (946-955),
and as bishop under Edgar (959-975) ; (4) VVulfsige, consecrated under p] ad gar ;
signatures 96,3 to 980. That Comoere preceded VVulfsige is evident from the
fact proved by this letter, that the latter survived King Eadgar, in whose reign
he was consecrated ; hence Comoere, who is mentioned as bishop in the time
of this king, must have been bishop during the earlier years of the reign."
(p. 104, n.)

152 Papers, $c.

Domesday, where it is held by the Bishop of Exeter. Mr.
Warren identifies it with the manor of Pawton, in the
parish of St. Breock, a few miles from Padstow. Caelling is
called CaeUing in the statement above referred to, Caluuitona
in the Exeter Domesday, and is identified by Mr. Warren as
Callington, a small town between Launceston and St. Ives.
Landwithan is spelt Languitetona in the Exeter Domesday,
and was held by the Bishop of Exeter. Mr. Warren says it
is the present parish of Lawhitton in the borough of Launces-
ton, which is now the property of the Ecclesiastical Com-
missioners, having remained connected with the Bishoprick of
Exeter. The three estates seem, after the Danish invasion, to
have been transferred from the Bishoprick of Sherborne to
that of St. Germans, or Cornwall ; then to have been merged
in that of Crediton ; and finally to have formed part of the
property of the See of Exeter at the time when St. Edward
the Confessor obtained from the Pope permission to remove
the See from Crediton to Exeter. The editors note that this
letter " enables us to add another name to the Bishops of Corn-
wall, namely that of Daniel, who, we learn, was consecrated at
the command of King Eadred (946-955). This is no doubt the
Bishop Daniel who signs from 955 to 959, who, Bishop Stubbs
suggested, was Bishop of Rochester or Selsey. Daniel, Bishop
of Cornwall, is probably the Bishop Daniel who is named in an
Exeter manumission of King Eadwig's. As he was appointed
under Eadred, and signs through Eadwig's reign, he must have
preceded Comoere, who subscribes in the time of King Edgar "
(p. 104).

The principal value of the letter, however, consists in its
authentication, in the time of St. Dunstan, of the record given
by William of Malmesbury. That record is as follows :—

"In the 904th year from the Nativity of our Lord Jesus
Christ, Formosus, the apostolic Pontiff of the Roman Church,
sent to King Edward in the land of the English, moved with
great anger and devotion, and called down upon him and all his

The Division of the Bishopricks of Wcsscx.

(counsellors) a malediction in place of the benediction which
blessed Gregory had formerly sent to the nation of the English
by the holy man Augustine — unless he and his bishops insti-
tuted (pastors for) the dioceses destitute of bishops, according
to the tradition which had been delivered to the nation of the
English by the See of St. Peter. For the country of the
Gewissi had for seven years been entirely without any bishop.

Upon this, King Edward assembled a Synod of the senators
of the nation of the English, over which Archbishop Plegmund
presided, and recited to the King, and discussed the severe
words of the apostolic message which blessed Pope Formosus
sent. Then the King, with his (counsellors) and Plegmund
the Archbishop took salutary counsel, applying to themselves
the sentence of our Lord, " the harvest indeed is great, but the
labourers are few." They appointed separate bishops to each
of the tribes of the Gewissi, and assigned an episcopal resi-
dence (cpiscopia) to each ; and what before had two, they
divided into five.

" This resolution having been passed, Archbishop Plegmund
returned to Rome with honourable gifts, and with great humil-
ity appeased the apostolic (Lord) Formosus, announced the
decrees of the King, and the senate of the country, which
greatly pleased his apostolic (lordship).

"Returning home, in the city of Canterbury he ordained seven
bishops to seven churches in one day. Frithestan to the
Church of Winchester ; ^Ethelstan to the Church of Corvin-
ensis (really Ramsbury) ; Waerstan to the Church of Sher-
borne ; ^Ethelm to the Church of Wells ; Eadulf to the
Church of Crediton. Moreover, they gave him in addition
three villas in Cornwall, named Polltun, Caelling, and Land-
withan, in order that every year from thence he should visit
the people of Cornwall to repress their errors. For of old
they used to resist the truth as much as they could, and did
not obey the apostolic decrees. Moreover (Archbishop Pleg-
mund) ordained two bishops for the South Saxons, Beorneh,

Vol. XLI V (Third Scries, Vol. 1 V), Part II. u

154 Papers, fyc.

a fitting man, and for the Mercians Coenulf for the city which
is called Dorchester.

"All this the apostolic Pope confirmed in Synods at St.
Peter's Church, and condemned for ever anyone who should
change this salutary resolution."

William of Mahnesbury, not knowing the origin of the
name " Corvinensis" supposed it to be meant for " Cornu-
biensis" and so made ^Ethelstan Bishop of Cornwall. The
late Canon Jones, of Bradford-on-Avon, gives the following
explanation of how it came to mean Ramsbury : —

" The Bishops of Ramsbury are usually styled 6 Episcopi
Corvinensis EcclesicR? The town chosen as their See is in the
north-east of Wilts, and was originally called 'Hraefenes
byrig,' that is Ravensbury : an estate close by being still
called 4 Crow-wood.' The Latin name is a simple translation
of the Anglo-Saxon." (Fasti garish., i, 34).

In the catalogue given by Florence of Worcester, they are
called "Epi Sunningenses." In our MS. it is called "Hramnes
byrig." Canon Jones endorses the contemptuous remark of
the editor of the " Monumenta Historica Britannica " : " that
the tale of seven bishops consecrated in one day by Archbishop
Plegmund, which had given so much trouble to many learned
men, was not yet concocted in the tenth century." Dr. Giles
makes a similar remark in a note to Bohn's translation of
William of Malmesbury, and says : "though it may not be
easy to assign a rational motive for the invention of such an
instrument, it is a decided forgery." Dr. Oliver also says :
" Of course we reject the letter of Pope Formosus." If the
judgment of the editors of the Crawford MS. be accepted, this
rough and ready treatment cannot be sustained. The date
may easily have got miscopied ; but so remarkable an event as
seven bishops being consecrated in one day can hardly have
been invented, and certainly was well known in the tenth
century. The Cornish more than once took part with the
Danes against the Saxons ; and a report of this might weU

The Division of the Dishopricks of Wcssex. 155

have led the Pope to suppose that they were lapsing into
paganism, and the Bishop of Sherborne probably found no
opportunity of visiting Devon and Cornwall during the Danish
incursions on the coasts of Devon. It is true that Asser,
whom Canon Jones considers Bishop of Sherborne, did not die
until 910 ; but it might well have happened that no Bishop
had been in Somerset, Devon, or Cornwall for seven years be-
fore 894. And Asser was really domestic prelate to King
Alfred, and might rather be called Bishop of Cornwall than of
Sherborne.

Mansi (Sacr. Council. Tom. xviii, pp. 111-120) discusses at
considerable length the difficulties of this remarkable record,
with the corrections suggested by Baronius, Pagi, Wharton,
Wilkins, and Cossart. The pontificate of Formosus lasted
from 891 to 895 ; and during that time Alfred the Great was
King of Wessex, and Edward did not succeed him until 901.
Plegmund went to Rome for his consecration in 890, or 891,
and died in 914.

JafFe, in his " Rcgesta Pontificum Romanorum" gives among
the Gesta of Pope Formosus, as occurring A.D. 892-896 :

"He writes to the Bishops of England that it was in his
mind to excommunicate them, because they had ceased to root
out the abominable pagan customs which were sprouting out
afresh in England. But great joy had been brought to him by
Plegmund, Archbishop of Canterbury, who had brought word
that they had returned into the right way. He exhorts them
that they should neither violate Christian faith, or allow the
flock of God to go astray, be dispersed, or be destroyed
through lack of pastors, nor permit the churches to stand
vacant on the death of bishops. He confirms the Primacy of
the Church of Canterbury." (p. 301.)

The letter of Formosus, " Audit o nefandos" is given by
Mansi with Wilkins' dissertation upon it. Birch follows
JaiFe, Cartul. Sax. ii, p. 214. Cossart considers that the best
way out of the difficulty is to suppose that the real date of the

156 Papers, fyc.

English Synod was about 894 ; and that Alfred should be
substituted for Edward as the name of the King. This is
precisely what we find in Higden, who says in his Potychroni-
con, Lib. VI, of the year 894 :

"Plegmund, Archbishop of Canterbury, nobly learned in
letters, having lately received the pallium from Pope For-
mosus, in one day ordained seven Bishops for seven Churches
of the English. This year King Alfred drove out the Danes,
first from Kent, then from Oxford, and then from Chichester."

This, however, lands us in another difficulty, that it is stated
that there were no bishops in W essex for seven years, whereas
we find Denwulf, Bishop of Winchester, signing a charter of
King Alfred in 889 as Bishop, and in 895 he signs at full
length : " Ego Denewulfus Wentanae urbis episcopus assencio
aet conscribo.»J«." In a charter of the year 900 for 901, " in
which year also King Alfred died," Denewulf is styled " that
venerable Bishop of the city of Winchester." In 902 he gives
a grant of land to Beornulf ; in 903 he witnesses the Golden
Charter to the Abbey of Newminster ; in 904 a grant of King
Edward to St. Peter's, Winchester, and other charters. The
first grant by Edward to Frithestan, Bishop of Winchester, is
of A.D. 909 ; and in the same year a grant is made to Dene-
wulf, Bishop of Winchester, which fixes Denewulf's death as
in that year. It is true this grant is signed, not by Denewulf,
but by Frithestan. Unless Frithestan was consecrated as
coadjutor to Denewulf, it is difficult to see how he could have
been consecrated by Plegmund in 905, still less in 894. (See
Birch, Cartul Sax. Vol. ii, pp. 169-289.)

There are no signatures in the Charters published by Birch,
of either ^Ethelstan, Bishop of Eamsbury, unless as " Mass
priest" in 903, Waerstan, Bishop of Sherborne, or ^Ethelm,
Bishop of Wells. Waerstan is named in the list of Bishops of
Sherborne in the Hyde, Liber Vitce, and Mr. Clark, in 1873, at
Sherborne, stated that " Werstan, the fourteenth bishop, fell in
battle " against the Danes. This was stated probably on the

The Division of the Bishopricks of Wessex.

157

authority of William of Malmesbury, who says that he fell in
the night attack that Anlaf made on the camp of ^Ethelstan.
Bishop Stubbs, however, has proved that it could not have been
Werstan, as Alfred was the Bishop of Sherborne when that
* battle was fought ; and Alfred's signature is found both be-
fore and after that date, so that it could not have been a
Bishop of Sherborne that was killed.

According to the record as preserved in the Abingdon
Register, and quoted by Wharton, JEthelm was the first
Bishop of Wells. An old fragment of a history of Wells,
published by the Camden Society, gives Daniel as its first
Bishop, in consequence of his having blessed the marriage of
King Ine with the Queen Ethelburga of Mercia. But the
account of that marriage is so improbable as to make Daniel's
episcopate very doubtful, and it was not until 200 years after-
wards that Wells became an episcopal See.

For other points of interest in this document, we must refer
to the Notes of the learned editors of this Crawford Collection
of Early Charters.

158

Papers, §'6'.

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Division of the Bishopricks of Wesscx.

159

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an Entientorp of Cfturcb Plate in Somerset.

Part 77.*

BY THE REV. E. H. BATES, M.A.

AN inventory of the Communion plate of the Deanery-
districts of Frome and Martock now follows on the
start made last year. It is not by any means as much as I
had hoped to do, but man proposes and the influenza indis-
poses. For the same reason there are no reproduction of
drawings, but some photographs kindly furnished by friends.
In these two Deanery-districts there are forty-three ancient
parishes and chapelries, and seven modern parishes and dis-
tricts, total fifty. Although there is no instance of mediaeval
silver plate to be recorded, there is a considerable quantity
of interesting pieces. The Elizabethan cup is found at Lul-
lington as early as 1562, and there are quite a number of cups
and covers earlier than 1572, so it is evident that many
parishes did not wait for the word of command from Wells
before adopting the new fashion. One consequence of this is
that we find a greater variety of patterns in the shape and
ornamentation of these cups, as the work of the silversmith
I. P. is not found in this county before 1572. In the seven-
teenth century, there are examples of post-medieval chalices
at Pendomer and Marston Bigot, the latter being a beautiful
specimen of the high art of the reign of Charles I. At Od-

* Part I, containing Deanery-districts of Bruton, Cary, Shepton Mallet,
Merston, and Milborae Port, appeared in vol xliii, ii, 172.

An Inventory of Church Plate.

161

combe is an example o£ the standing cup of the Edmond's
pattern, a gift of the last century. There are also some very
primitive patens at North Perrott, Middle Chinnock, and
Charterhouse Hinton, which have no regular marks. The
paten at the last-named place bears a mark which has hitherto
only been found in Wilts. For the probable maker of the
Pendomer chalice see notes on that place. Of eighteenth
century work there is a typical collection at Mells, and a
beautiful salver and ewer at Montacute. But the possible
list has been greatly limited by the extraordinary denudation
of Frome Deanery district in the matter of old plate. Out of
twenty-four ancient parishes, ten possess no plate older than
the present reign, and only five retain the Elizabethan cups ;
while, in the Martock district, out of nineteen parishes, ten
possess the original cups and covers, whose beauty, value, and
interest, ought to form a triple alliance against the attack of
the pseudo-mediaevalist.

In conclusion, I desire to return my best thanks to the
clergy and laity who have so kindly assisted me in making
these notes. If there is an amari aliquid in the memory, it is
that a few would not answer their letters, and thereby some-
what dislocated my plans, but " all's well that ends well."

JPuckinffttm Rectory,, Ilminster.

Chronological List of Churcli Plate to the end of the
18th century.

MEDIAEVAL PERIOD.

Coffin chalice, pewter, at Orchardleigh.

16TH CENTURY AFTER THE REFORMATION.

1502 Lullington, cup and cover.

1570 Beckington (2), cup and cc
West Chinnock, cup and covei

1571 Beckington (1), cup and cover.
Chiselborough, cup arid cover.
East Chinnock, cup and

cover,
cover.

cover.

Elm, cup and cover.

North Perrott, cup and cover.

1573 HardingtonMand., cup and

cover.

Montacute, cup and cover.
Tellisford, cup and cover.
Thome nr. Yeovil, cup and cover.

1574 Middle Chinnock, cup and cover.
Odcoinbe, cup and cover.

1592 Witham Friary, cup and cover.

Vol. X LI V ( Third Series, Vol. IV), Part //.

162

Papers,

SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.

1601 Norton-sub -Hambdon, cup and

cover.

1614 Odcouabe, standing cup.
1619 Brympton, flagon.

1627 Ore liar dleigh, cup and cover.

1628 Marston Bigot, flagon.

1629 Brympton, cup.

1632 Wanstrow, cover.

1633 Marston Bigot, chalice.

1635 Stoke-s-Hamdon. cup and cover.
Tintinhull, cup and cover,

1636 Marston Bigot, paten.

1637 Charterhouse Hinton, cup.
1661 Nunney, cup.

1 673 Leigh-on-Mendip , cup and cover.
1691 Montacute, candlesticks.

1693 Pendomer, paten.

1694 North Perrott, paten.
1699 Brympton, paten.

EIGHTEENTH CENTURY.

1705 East Chinnock, cup.
1708 Marston Bigot, almsdish.
1711 Frome, S. John's, Bp. Ken's cup.
1713 Lufton, cup.

Montacute, patens.

Road, paten.

1720 Beckington, flagon.

1721 Lufton, paten.

1724 Leigh-on-Mendip, patens.
Montacute, salver.

1725 East Chinnock, salver.
1730 Woolverton, cup and paten.
1732 Elm, paten.

1732 Rodden, paten.

1737 Nunney, paten.

1740 Rodden, cup and flagon.

1742 Haselbury Plucknett, salver.

1746 Road, cup.

1748 Mells, set of vessels.

1752 North Perrott, salvers.

1755 Mells, knife.

1758 Martock, paten and flagon.

1760 Haselbury Plucknett, flagon.

1768 North Perrott, flagon.

1783 Nunney, cup.

1796 Norton-sub- Hamdon, cup.

ARMORIALS.

Homer, Mells.

Hoskyns, Haselbury Plucknett.

Houlton, Farleigh Hungerford.

Napier, Montacute.

Phelips, Montacute.

Phillips, Montacute,
Sainsbury, Beckington.
Strangways, Mells.
Sydenham, Brympton.
Worsley. Montacute.
Wright, Montacute.

FROME DISTRICT.

BECKINGTON. — There are here two Elizabethan cups and
cover, one the result of the Reformation settlement, the other
a gift of late date. The original cup is a very fine one ; it
stands 7f in. high, and is parcel-gilt. The bowl is deep and
trumpet-shaped ; there is one band of running ornament.
Above and below the stem are bands of small prick-holes.
The knop has the hyphen ornament ; the foot is plain. The
cover is also quite plain; on the button is the date 1571.
Marks (same on both pieces): 2 offic. ; date-letter for 1571 ;
maker's mark doubtful, perhaps a mullet with fiery points (also
found at Chiselborough and Elm).

Ail Inventory of Church Plate. 163

The other Elizabethan cup and cover is a year earlier in
date. The cup stands Tin. high ; the bowl is straight-sided,
with wide lip ; there is one band of running ornament between
fillets without the usual upright arabesques at the intersec-
tions ; round the base of the bowl is a belt of egg-and-dart
ornament, which is also found on the foot. Above and below
the stem are bands of upright strokes. The knop and perhaps
the stem seem to have been repaired. The foot rests on an
added rim of silver plate, on which is engraved : ' The gift of
Elizabeth Langford to the Parish of Beckington 1838.' The
cover is quite plain. The Sacred Monogram has been en-
graved on both pieces. Marks (same on both pieces) : 2 offic. ;
'date-letter for 1570 ; maker's mark, within a circle a cross
pomrnee ; not in Cripps.

There is also a good solid plain flagon, 9^in. high to lip. It
bears the same inscription that is found on the Elizabethan
cup above. Marks : 2 offic. of Brit, sterling ; date-letter for
1720 ; maker's mark illegible. Two dishes, 9 Jin. in diameter,
quite plain, with Sacred Monogram in the centre, and date-
letter for 1811. Round brim: 'The gift of Mrs. Grace
Sainsbury to the Parish of Beckington 1812.' Arms, in a
lozenge : Az., within a bord. engr., 3 lozenges conjoined in
bend or. A small box of plated metal for the service of the
Holy Table.

William Sainsbury was patron of Beckington in 1704 ; and
the family have continued here to the present time, being now
represented by the Rev. Thomas Ernest Langford Sainsbury.

BERKLEY. — A cup, paten and flagon, all intensely modern
of an uninteresting pattern. The cup is inscribed : ' Parish of
Berkley, Somerset. H. T. Wheler, M.A., Rector A.D. 1852.'
All the pieces have the date-letter for that year.

BUCKLAND DINHAM. — A chalice and paten, parcel-gilt, of
modern mediaeval design, with the date-letter for 1853. A
plated dish and two pewter ditto, one patterned over with
thistles.

164 Papers, fyc.

CHANTRY. — A modern ecclesiastical parish, formed in 1846.
The plate consists of a chalice, paten on foot, flagon and alms-
dish, all good of their kind, with the date-letter for 1846.

CHARTERHOUSE HINTON. — An early seventeenth-century
cup, which, in its proportions, more resembles the bulkier
patterns in vogue at the end of the century. It stands 7£in.
high ; the bowl is cylindrical, with slight lip, perfectly plain ;
the moulded foot has a flange round the upper part. Marks :
2 offic.; date-letter for 1637; maker's mark, the initials D. G.
with an anchor between in shield. The bowl is inscribed :
' Robert Shaa Junior Churchwarden of Charterhouse Hinton
in Somsetshr.' His will is in Brown v. 67. It was made 30th
May, 1657, and proved 13th May, 1658. He was the owner
of Hinton Abbey Farm. A paten, plain and solid, with a
wide brim, total width 7£in. It stands on a tall thick stem
with clumsy foot. The only mark (struck thrice) is a shield
containing the initials G. L. above a dog trottant to dexter.
This mark is also found at Bishop's Knoyle and Winkfield
(just three miles away), in the adjacent county of Wilts. The
mark at Bishop's Knoyle is accompanied by the date 1677,
and the paten here is most probably about this period. It is
inscribed : ' Ex dono Johannis Bayly generosi de Winffeild.'

CLOFORD. — The plate is all modern; there are a chalice
and two patens of mediaeval design, silver-gilt, with the date-
letter for 1851.

ELM. — This parish still retains its Elizabethan cup and
cover. The cup is 7in. high ; there is one band of running
ornament round the bowl ; the knop has the hyphen ornament;
above and below the stem are bands of pin-holes ; the foot is
quite plain. The cover has no ornament about it; on the
button is the date 1571. Marks (same on both pieces) : 2
ofnc.; date-letter for 1571 ; maker's mark, as at Beckington
g.v. and Chiselborough. There is also a small paten on
moulded foot, 5^in. in diameter. Marks : 2 ofnc. ; date-letter

An Inventory of Church Plate. 1 65

for 1732; maker's mark, T.P. in oblong punch, not in Cripps.
A cup, salver, and flagon of plated metal.

FARLEIGH HUNGERFORD. — The church plate of this
parish has undergone several changes, presumably for the
worse each time. In 1803, Joseph Houlton, of Farleigh Hun-
gerford, gave to the church a large silver cup, with handle
and cover, and three silver plates bearing his arms. Being of
an inconvenient shape, the cup was exchanged for a chalice
and pafeen of modern mediaeval design, with the date-letter for
1847. A silver flagon was added by the Rev. Henry Ward,
at that time curate of Farleigh. [* Ex Guide to Farleigh
Hungerford by Canon Jackson 1879,' communicated by Rev.
R. W. Baker, rector of the parish.]

The flagon and a small silver plate have disappeared. The
two survivors bear the Houlton arms— Arg., on a fess wavy
betw. 3 talbots' heads az., as many bezants. Crest, a talbot's
head. Motto, Semper fidelis. Inscription : ' The gift of
Joseph Houlton Esq. to the Parish of Farleigh 25th March
1803.' The date-letter is, however, that for 1805. A glass
cruet with silver-gilt mountings.

FROME (S. Jolins). — The plate here, though beautiful and
valuable, is of too modern a date to call for a long description.

A large chalice with paten to match, silver-gilt and enam-
elled, with the Birmingham date-letter for 1850. A smaller
chalice and paten silver-gilt, with the date-letter for 1860.

A ciborium wholly gilt and enriched with precious stones ;
under the foot is an inscription : 4 + This ciborium constructed
from two flagons the gifts of Thomas Prigge 1686 and Thomas
Husbands 1695, and two chalices the gifts of John Ross
Bishop of Exeter and Vicar 1783 with the jewels added (the
gift of a Communicant) is dedicated to the use of the Church
of S. John of Froome for ever, S. John Bapt. Day 1866.
Wm. J. E. Bennett Vicar + .' A smaller ciborium also
wholly gilt with the inscription : ' -f Presented to William
James Early Bennett Parish Priest of Frome Selwood, by the

166 Papers, §r.

Frome Ward of the Confraternity of the Blessed Sacrament,
November 15, 1875.' A very handsome processional cross,
gilt. Another cross with the inscription : ' This cross is given
by members of the congregation in memory of Clement John
Sparkes, Priest — who died in the discharge of his duty in the
Central African Mission, September 22nd, 1889.'

But, undoubtedly, the most interesting object among the
plate is the pocket Communion Service of Bishop Ken, which
is still preserved in the original case of cuir bouille. This case
is 5Jin. high, covered with stamped patterns, and lined inter-
nally with green baize. The cup and cover are wholly gilt.
The cup is 4f^in. high ; the depth of bowl being 2in. This is
devoid of any embellishment ; it rests on a trumpet-shaped
stem with moulded foot. The general design is like the illus-
tration on p. 218 of Cripps' Old English Plate, 5th edit. The
only mark is that of the maker R.P. above a mullet in heart-
shaped shield. This mark is given in Cripps under the year
1640, but the pattern of the cup is like one found in the early
part of the eighteenth century (Lufton 1713, Sutton Bingham
1735). It is inscribed : ' Given to the Par5*11 of Froome by the
late L<1. BP- Ken 1711.' He died 19 Mar. 1710-1 ; and was
buried under the east window of the chancel, where his grave
may still be seen :

* A basket-work where bars are bent, iron in place of osier,
And shapes above that represent a mitre and a crosier.'

FROME (Christ Church.) — A parish formed in 1844. The
plate is modern. It consists of a large chalice, paten on foot,
and almsdish with the hall-marks and date-letter for 1818,
'the gift of Anne Jenkyns 1818.' A ciborium with cover,
silver, jewelled, bearing the date-letter for 1885, and this
inscription : ' The gift of Rev. R. Raikes Branage, in memory
of his wife 1886.' A small chalice (date-letter for 1876),
'The gift of friends in memory of E. H. H.. Branage 1886.'
A small paten (date-letter for 1886) : 'The gift of the Guild
of the Good Shepherd, Easter 1886.' Two silver-mounted

An Inventory of Church Plate. 167

glass cruets. A silver rack, to fit into ciborium, for carrying
the Blessed Sacrament to the sick (no mark) presented by
Rev. S. Cooper 1897. A brass and copper almsdish, embossed
with figure of our Lord, made by Messrs. Singer in 1886, in
exchange for a silver chalice of the size and pattern of the
first above mentioned, the gift of Anne Jenkyns. [This in-
ventory was kindly furnished by the Rev. S. Cooper, vicar of
the parish.]

FROME (Trinity). — A parish formed in 1844. The first
set of communion vessels were only plated ; but a silver
chalice and paten were added in 1872. [Communicated.]

FROME (St. Mary Virg.).—A. parish formed in 1873. The
plate is all modern. It consists of a flagon, chalice, two
patens, almsdish, and baptismal shell (1897) ; all silver-gilt.
[Communicated by Rev. H. Hickman, late vicar.]

LAVERTON. — The plate here is all modern. It consists of
a cup, parcel-gilt, egg-cup pattern, with the Sheffield hall-
mark and date-letter for 1842. The paten on foot has the
London date-letter for 1851. Each piece bears this inscrip-
tion : ' Presented by the Rev. George Rous to the Parish of
Laverton 1854.'

LEIGH-ON-MENDIP. — There is here a cup and cover of the
time of Charles II, without any regular marks. The cup
stands 7f in. high ; it is a tall plain vessel with a small knop
on the stem, and a circular moulded foot. It is inscribed :
' William Raynes, James Raye, Churchwardens, 1673.' The
cover is quite plain; on the foot: ' W.R., J.R. + 1673.'
Each piece bears the same solitary mark (struck thrice), I. P.,
in shaped punch, not in Cripps. A pair of plain patens on
foot, 7^in. in diameter. Marks : 2 offic. ; date-letter for 1724;
maker's mark, R.B., in oblong punch, with the angles sloped
off. Underneath the patens are the initials E.I.Gr., the first
above the other two.

LULLINGTON. — This parish possesses an Elizabethan cup
and cover of a considerably earlier date than the generality of

168 Papers, $c.

the plate of this reign. The cup is of a peculiar shape ; it-
stands Gygin. high ; the bowl is 3|in. across at lip, and 3Jin.
deep ; it is perfectly plain. The stem is very short and thick,
without knop, with a band of upright strokes at either end ;
the foot is poorly moulded. The cover is also perfectly plain ;
the stem of the button is abnormally thick. Marks : 2 offic. ;
date-letter for 1562 ; maker's mark, two letters in monogram,
perhaps P.S., as given in Cripps under that year. A small,
plain, silver-gilt paten of Victorian era. Pewter : A large
flagon and a bowl.

MARSTON BIGOT. — The plate here is remarkable for its
artistic beauty. The cup is designed after the pattern of a
mediaeval chalice. It is silver gilt, 9|in. high, with a large
deep bowl, quite plain. The stem is hexagonal, having a
large knop with diamond facets. At the bottom of the stem is
a wide flange ; below this the foot gradually spreads out into
six semi-circular lobes, elaborately covered with engraved and
repousse work. The stem also is engraved with representations
of single-light Gothic windows. There are two sets of marks
on this piece. Under the foot : 2 offic. ; date letter for 1633 ;
maker's mark W.R., with small ornament above in shield, not
in Cripps. On the bowl : 2 offic., and the maker's mark B.F.,
with trefoil slipped below in shield, given by Cripps under
1635. The paten, diam. Tin., silver-gilt, on foot, has a wide
brim, and a broad band of engraved ornament in the central
depression. Within this band is the sacred monogram sur-
rounded by a rayed circle. Marks : 2 offic. ; date letter for
1636 ; maker's mark as on bowl of chalice. A straight-sided
flagon, silver-gilt, with flat lid. The drum is elaborately
covered with engraved and repousse work of a different pattern
to that on the pieces described above. At the base of the
drum is a bold band of cable pattern. The handle is large
and plain. The foot is comparatively small. Marks : 2 offic. ;
date letter for 1628 ; maker's mark R.S. above a heart in shield.
A large almsdish, 12^in. in diameter, silver-gilt, elaborately

An Inventory of Church Plate, 169

engraved. Marks : 2 offic. of Brit, sterling ; date letter for
1708 ; maker's mark L.O. above a small roundel in shaped
punch, perhaps a variation of John Lock's mark given in
Cripps under 1711.

It is quite impossible to describe the beauty of the engraved
and repousse work on these pieces, particularly on those of the
reign of Charles I. It is a striking testimony to the artistic
taste which the king in the earlier part of his reign did so much
to foster.

MELLS. — This parish, like so many which have belonged to
the Strangways-Horner family, has been greatly enriched as
regards its plate-chest. The gift included a cup 9|in. high,
with a large bowl encircled by a rib. The stem is trumpet-
shaped, gradually broadening out into a wide spreading foot.
On this is engraved a band of cherubs. On the cup is the
sacred monogram within a rayed circle. This ornamentation
is found on all the pieces which are fully gilt. Weight of the
cup, 18oz. Idwt. Marks: 2 offic. ; date-letter for 1748;
maker's mark, D.P. in shaped punch = Daniel Piers. The
inscription runs : ' The gift of Mrs. Strangways Horner, 1748.'
Arms (in a lozenge) — Quarterly : 1 and 4, sa. 2 lions pass,
paly of six arg. and gu. (Strangways) ; 2 and 3, sa. 3 talbots
pass. 2 and 1, arg. (Horner). Supporters: dexter, a talbot ;
sinister, a wolf. Motto : Soys ioyevz et ne dovbte pont. By
these arms the donor can be identified as Susannah, daughter
and coheiress of Thomas Strangways of Melbury Osmund,
Esq., and wife of Thomas Horner of Mells, Esq. [See
more about the family under Milton Clevedon in Bruton
Deanery.] The paten-cover fits loosely on the cup. It is
fully gilt, and weighs ooz. I7dwt. Same marks and inscription
as on cup. Another larger paten on foot, 8|in. across.
Weight, looz. 9dwt. Same marks, etc. A tall flagon, lO^in.
high to lip, and 12£in. to top of domed cover. The drum is of
an unusual shape, the upper part being cylindrical and then
gradually swelling out, yet never approaching the amazing

Vol. XLJ V (Third Scries, Vol. 1 V), Part II. y

170 Papers, fyc.

dimensions of the ordinary flagon of this period. The handle
is engraved with a band of leaves and flowers ; and the
superiority of the workmanship is no doubt due to the fact
that it was made by Paul Lamerie, whose mark, the initials
P.L. under a crown, appear on this piece. The other marks
are the same as on the cup. The weight is 40oz. 18dwt. Of
a slightly later date is a knife in metal sheath inscribed : ' The
gift of Mrs. Strangways Horner to the Parish of Mells 1755.'
The handle of the knife and the sheath are gilt and orna-
mented with the acanthus-leaf pattern. There are no marks
visible.

The modern plate consists of a chalice and paten fully gilt,
with the date-letter for 1852. A large and handsome alms-
dish, silver washed over with burnished copper ; the date
letter is that for 1853.

NORTON ST. PHILIP. — The plate here is of the Victorian
era. It consists of a large silver-gilt chalice and paten of
mediaeval design. There is also a very tall pewter flagon of
the tankard pattern, with a spreading foot and curious double
handle.

NUNNEY. — The oldest piece of plate here bears the date of
the year following ' His Majesty's happy Restoration.' The
Castle here was besieged and taken by Fairfax in 1645, when
it is quite possible and probable that the old plate disappeared.
The general feeling of uncertainty about the future would
seem to have kept the parish from getting a new cup. [For
another instance of delay in this period, see under Batcombe
in Bruton Deanery.] The present cup is of the baluster-stem
pattern. It stands 6J inches high ; the bowl is quite plain,
and the foot is without mouldings. Marks : 2 offic. ; date-
letter for 1661 ; maker's mark, R.S., with mullet beneath in
shield. Another cup, no less than 10 J in. high, and 5in.
across the lip. The stem has an annular knop and moulded
foot. Marks: 2 offic.; date-letter for 1783; maker's mark,
W.T., in plain punch= Walter Tweedie, The cup is in-

An Inventory of Church Plate. 171

scribed : ' A present to the Parishioners of Noney by their
affectionate RECTOR, Samuel Whitchurch.'

In Som. Arch, and N. H. Proc. XXII, ii, 71, there is a
paper on Nunney by E. Green, Esq., who traces the history
of the castle after the sequestration of Col. Richard Prater,
through the purchasers from the Parliament, Messrs. Foxley
and Colbey in 1652, to William Whitchurch. The guardians
of William Whitchurch presented Samuel Whitchurch to the
rectory 19th April, 1734. As he was buried llth April,
1797 [Par. Reg., communicated by the rector], this incum-
bency lasted nearly sixty-three years. He married Elizabeth,
daughter of Thomas Coward, of Spargrove, in Batcombe. In
the church are monuments to three of his children, including
James Wadham, ' the beloved curate of this parish, who was
called off the oth day of January, 1776.'

A plain paten on foot, 6Jin. in diameter. Inscribed ' Nony,
1737.' Marks: 2 offic. ; date-letter for 1737 ; maker's mark,
I.F. in oblong punch — John ffawdery.

ORCHARDLEIGH. — Here there is preserved a pewter coffin
chalice, dug up in the churchyard in 1878. It was found on
the east side of the porch, and was considered by the work-
man to be an old candlestick, but Mr. Singer pronounced it to
be a coffin chalice of the thirteenth century [v. Proc. xxxix.i. 28.]
It is 4 Jin. high, and 4f in. across the lip of the bowl, wrhich is
shallow. The stem has an annular knop and circular foot.

The communion plate consists of a cup and cover of a
Jacobean pattern. The cup is 7 Jin. high ; the bowl is quite
plain with slight lip ; the outline is reversed conical. The
stem and the knop are very coarse, and seem a renovation.
The foot is moulded. Marks : 2 offic. ; date letter for 1627 ;
maker's mark illegible. The cover is of the usual pattern
without a flange. It has the same marks as the cup, and again
the maker's mark is worn away.

ROAD. — A tall, slender cup of the Georgian period. It
stands 7f in. high ; the bowl is deep in proportion to its width ;

172 Papers, §r.

the stem has an annular knop, and a shallow, spreading foot.
Marks : 2 offic. ; date letter for 1746 ; maker's mark, the first
initial is worn away, the second is a capital black-letter §5),
perhaps the initials of John Swift, entered 1739. A large paten
on foot, 8in. across. It is inscribed : ' For the use of the parish
of Road, 1724.' Marks : 2 offic. of Brit, sterling; date letter
for 1713; maker's mark an R within a large G = Richard
Greene. A small silver flagon, tankard pattern, with the date
letter for 1873. Two pewter dishes.

RODDEN. — The cup, paten, and flagon were subscribed for
by the parishioners, and each piece bears the inscription : ' The
gift of the Parishioners of Rodden. William Moore, chappel-
warden, 1741.' The cup is 7fin. high : the bowl has a slight
lip ; there is an annular knop on the thick stem ; the foot is
moulded. Marks : 2 offic. ; date-letter for 1740 ; maker's
mark obliterated.

The plain paten is 5f in. across, on foot. Marks : 2 offic. ;
date-letter for 1732 ; maker's mark, I.F. = John ffawdery.
The flagon is simply a larger cup with a spout fitted to the lip
of the bowl, and a handle placed on the opposite side. The
lip is scallopped ; and a small rib encircles the middle of the
bowl. Marks : 2 offic. ; date-letter for 1740 ; maker's mark,
F.S. under a crown in shaped punch= Francis Spilsbury.

A plain almsdish 8f in. in diameter, inscribed : ' Presented
to Rodden Church by Nathaniel Barton Esq. A.D. 1855.' The
date-letter is for that year.

TELLISFORD. — A diminutive cup and cover by I. P. It is
only 4jf in. high, yet the bowl is encircled with two bands of
running ornament. The knop has a band of hyphens ; the foot
appears to have been renovated. The cover has one band of
running ornament; on the button is the date '1573.' Marks
(same on both pieces) : 2 offic. ; date-letter for 1573 ; maker's
mark, I. P. A paten of mediaeval design, with the Elizabethan
ornamentation round brim, and the date-letter for 1856 ! A
small silver flagon given in 1870 by the Rev. G. Baker.

An Inventory of Church Plate. 173

VOBSTER. — This liamlet was formed into an ecclesiastical
parish from the civil parish of Mells Jan. 9, 1852. [Kelly,
P.O. Directory 1897.] The Communion plate is modern.

WANSTROW. — The only piece of silver plate left here is the
paten-cover of a vanished cup. It is of the usual pattern, 4Jin.
in diameter, with a small button. Marks : 2 offic. ; date-
letter for 1632 ; maker's mark, I.B., with a buckle beneath in
shield, given by Cripps under 1638, 'the buckle probably re-
ferring to the maker's name.'

A plated cup, inscribed : ' Presented to the Parish of Wan-
strow, Somerset by the Rev. E. D. Slade, A.B., Rector Easter
1834.' A plated flagon inscribed : 'Presented to the Parish
of Wanstrow, Somerset on the reopening of the Church after
Restoration by the Rev. C. H. Bousfield M.A, curate Oct. 11,
1876.' The donor, after fruitful labours at Poole, became
rector of Bratton St. Maur in 1896, and was killed by a fall
from his tricycle the following year. A plated salver : ' Wan-
strow Church.'

WHATLEY. — A chalice and paten, wholly gilt, of good
medieval design, bearing the date-letter for 1857. A shallow
dish, 6in. in diameter, wholly gilt, no marks. The only orna-
ment is a small floriated cross, within circle on the brim. A
pewTter bowl once used as an almsdish.

WITHAM FRIARY. — An Elizabethan cup and cover of late
date. The cup is 7f in. high, with a deep, narrow bowl devoid
of ornamentation. The foot is slightly moulded ; the cover is
also perfectly plain. Marks (same on both pieces) : 2 offic. ;
date-letter for 1592 ; maker's mark, M. in shield; also found
at East Cranmore (1576), and Odcombe (1574). A silver
flagon of jug pattern, with date-letter for 1868.

WOODLANDS. — The original church here was built by
Viscount Weymouth in 1712, but the communion plate is of
the Victorian era. It consists of a chalice and paten, silver-
gilt, of modern ecclesiastical design, with the date-letter for
1857.

174 Papers, fyc.

WOOLVERTON. — A large cup of the Georgian era. It
stands 7 Jin. high, and weighs 15oz. Idwt. Inscription on the
bo\vl runs : ' Woolverton in Com. Sorafett 1731.' Marks: 2
offic.; date-letter for 1730; maker's mark, illegible. The
accompanying paten, though plain, is very good of its kind.
It measures 5Jin. across. There are the same inscription and
marks as on the cup, and again the maker's mark is obliterated.
A modern pewter flagon, and a plated salver.

MARTOCK DISTRICT.

ASH. — A modern parish formerly part of Martock. The
church was built and the plate given in 1841. There are two
cups, a paten on foot, and a salver, each inscribed : ' Trinity
Chapel, Martock Somerset 1841.' A glass cruet with silver
fittings was given at the re-consecration of the chancel 1889.
.A small plate, electro.

BRYMPTON. — A cup of the baluster-stem pattern with
cover, very plain. The cup stands 7in. high. Marks : 2
offic. ; date-letter for 1629 ; maker's mark, C.C. separated by a
column or tree in shield, given in Cripps under this year. It
is inscribed : ' The gtiift of John Sidenham Esq.' The cover
is 5^in. wide with a flange to fit on the lip of the cup, rudely
made, no marks visible. On the button within an oval sur-
rounded by mantling is a ram's head charged with the badge
of Ulster ; underneath the motto Media tutissimus. The
flagon, 8in. high, is of the round-bellied pattern, with a
rounded lid and a whistle handle. An ugly and clumsily-made
spout has been added, and openings pierced in the lip to allow
the contents to be poured out the new way. On the lid and
the left side of the neck, the latter a very unusual position, are
the marks : 2 offic. ; date-letter for 1619 ; maker's mark in
shield, H.S. with small object beneath. The flagon is inscribed :
6 Given • to * Brmpton • Parish • by * the * Gvarden * of * the •

An Inventory of Church Plate. 175

Persone : of • lohn • Sidenhame * Esqr • his Maties Warde •
25 • September 1637.' ' The Sydenham crest, on a chapeau a
wolf rampant, is engraved on the lid and on the front of the
spout. Mr. Franks has found that this device was the third
crest of Sir Philip Sydenham, and was therefore added c. 1720,
after the flagon was given to the Church.' [This is from the
Proc. Soc. Antiq. 8th May, 1890, kindly communicated by the
Hon. Sir S. B. Ponsonby Fane of Brympton House, but I
venture to read the second initial of the maker as an S instead
of I.] This mark is not in Cripps. John Sydenham, the
ward, the donor of the flagon, and most probably of the cup
and cover as well, succeeded his father John 10th March,
1626. He was created a Baronet 1641. His grandson. Sir
Philip Sydenham, presented a paten on foot with goiffered
mouldings. It is 8|-in. wide. Marks : 2 of Brit, sterling ;
date-letter for 1699 ; maker's mark, S.H. in elaborate shield ;
not in Cripps. It is inscribed : ; The gift of ye Honble Sr
Philip Sydenham Bar* to ye Church of Brympton Anno
Domi 1699.' Within mantling is a shield bearing his arms :
c A chevron betw. 3 rams trippant.' Crest, ram's head. The
donor was the last baronet. For an account of his life and
misfortunes, see Mr. Batten's Historical Notes on South
Somerset under Brympton.

CHILTHORNE DOMER. — The plate here is all modern. It
consists of two cups, two patens, and a flagon, each piece bear-
ing the date letter for 1817, and the inscription, ' The gift of
John Bayly, vicar to the parish of Chilthorne, 1817.' The
donor died in 1857, aged 89 years, after an incumbency of 43
years' duration ; M.I. in chancel.

CHISELBOROUGH. — An Elizabethan cup and cover, differ-
ing in details from the usual pattern in the diocese. The cup
stands 6 Jin. high ; the bowl is deep and rounded at the bass :
it has one band of running ornament. The stem has a small
knop ; the foot is flattened and plain. Marks : 2 offic. ; date
letter for 1571 ; maker's mark doubtful, perhaps a mullet with

176 Papers, §r.

fiery points. This mark is also found at Beckington (1571),
and Elms (1571), in this county, see ante. It is not in Cripps.
The cover is devoid of ornament, instead of the usual flat
button, it has a rounded top, which once had a small object on
it, but this is now broken off; the whole of the top part may be
a reparation. It has the same date letter as the cup, but the
maker's mark are the letters A.K. in monogram as at Ashing-
ton and Doulting. There is also a chalice with paten of
mediaeval design, which, with a flagon, were given by Mrs.
Garrow, widow of the late incumbent, in 1868. A plated
paten on foot, inscribed — ' De : do : Geo : Garrow : Ilec :
Chiselbro', A.D. 1857.' A pewter plate, stamped A.N., on the
under side is scratched, c Chiselborough Church ; a present
from John and Amy Davy, Dec. 8, 1833.'

EAST CHINNOCK. — A fine Elizabethan cup and cover,
silver-gilt. The cup stands 6 Jin. high ; the bowl is trumpet-
shaped with one band of running ornament, but without the
usual vertical designs at the intersections of the fillets. The
knop and foot are plain, the latter being slightly moulded.
The cover is of the usual pattern ; it has been roughly mended ;
on the bottom is the date 1571. Marks (same on both pieces) :
2 offic. ; date letter for 1571 ; maker's mark, a bird's head
erased in shaped punch as on cover (1570) at Holton.

A very large cup, silver-gilt, 10 Jin. high. The bowl is
nearly straight-sided, with a thick, clumsy stem, encircled by
a rudimentary knop, and a moulded foot. Marks : 2 offic. of
Brit, sterling; date-letter for 1705; maker's initials P.E. in
shield ; not in Cripps. Partly within and partly without a
circle on the bowl is a dedicatory inscription : ' The gift of
Mr. Wm. Salisbury gentleman of Barkin Essex 1705.' ' Mr.
William Salisbury, of Barking, in Essex, who lies buried in
the chancel here, gave to this parish a large silver cup, gilt,
for the use of the altar ; and five pounds a year to the poor for
ever. He also left ten shillings to the minister to preach a
sermon on the eighteenth day of June, to be paid out of his

An Inventory of Church Plate. 177

estate lying in the forest of Neroche, and in the parish of
Barrington, in this county '• — Collinson, vol. II, p. 328. A
plain salver, 8f in. in diameter, inscribed ' A gift to the
Church of East Chinncok (sic) 1726.' Marks : 2 offic. ; date-
letter for 1725 ; maker's mark, I.S. in shield; not in Cripps.

HARDINGTON MANDEVILLE. — An Elizabethan cup and
cover in good preservation bj I. P., and of his usual pattern.
The cup is 6f in. high ; two bands of ornament round bowl,
hyphen band round knop and foot. There is also a band of
ornament round the cover, on the button of which is engraved
the date 1574. Marks (same on both pieces) : 2 offic. ; date-
letter for 1573 ; maker's mark, the initials I. P. in shield.

HASELBURY PLUCKNETT. — The cup is very handsome ; it
stands 6 Jin. high. The bowl is large ; the upper part is plain ;
midway there is a band of three-cornered patterns inclosing
small ornaments ; the lower part of the bowl is fluted. On
the stem is a small knop ; the spreading foot is elaborately
moulded. Marks : 2 offic. ; no date-letter visible ; maker's
mark partly worn away, either I.S. or S.I. in shaped punch.
So far as it is visible it does not appear to resemble any mark
in Cripps. The cup somewhat resembles one at Evercreech c.
1700, and another at Swanage 1692, and may be dated about
the close of the seventeenth century. A salver with gad-
rooned edge, on three feet, diam. 6f in. Marks : 2 offic. ; date-
letter for 1742 ; maker's mark, R.A., in script letters = Robert
Abercromby, entered 1739. A large and handsome flagon of
the coffee-pot pattern. It is lOJin. high to lip, and 12Jin. to
top of lid. Marks: 2 offic.; date-letter for 1760; maker's
initials E.R., probably E. Romer ; v. Cripps, p. 419. The
flagon is inscribed ' The gift of William Hoskins of Hassel-
bury in the County of Somerset, who died October 12th, 1760.'
Arms in shield : Per pale gu. and az., a chevr. engr. betw.
three lions ramp. or. Crest : A cock's head. In the chancel
of H. P. church there is his monument : ' In a vault under-
neath lies the body of William Hoskyns, late of this parish,

Vol. XL1 V (Third Series, Vol. I V), Part II. z

178 Papers, §-c.

gentleman, who died the 12th of October, 1760, aged 52 years.
Also the body of Joan Hoskyns, his wife, who died the 21st
of May 1776 aged 62 years.' Arms, etc., as on flagon.

LOXG LOAD. — This tithing, though part of Martock parish,
has generally possessed a separate place of worship. The
original building ' callyd or ladyes chapell scituate nere unto
the mansion place of the saide Manor was plucked down and
solde by the Duke of Suffolk lord of the manor in 1541 '
(Som. Rec. Soc. ii, 111, 296). It is some comfort to think
that the Duke was himself plucked down and beheaded in
1553. A chalice of silver, weighing 13oz., disappeared in the
ruins of the chapel. The chapel was re-endowed 1733, but it
is arguable that it may have been rebuilt at an earlier date,
as Collinson, in 1791, describes it as ' a small ruinous building,
fifty-three feet long, and seventeen wide, with a wooden turret
at the west end containing a clock and two bells.' The present
building dates from 1856. The vessels consist of a cup and
salver of plated metal. Each piece is inscribed ' Revd. C.
Harbin; Mr. Josph Williams, Mr. Will™ Perrin, Church-
wardens, Load 1825.'

LUFTON. — The cup is one of those shapeless vessels found
at the dawn of the eighteenth century, and very similar to
that at Sutton Bingham and Bishop Ken's at Frome. It is
6^in. high ; the bowl passes imperceptibly into the stem
except that the incised lines mark the boundary. The foot is
slightly moulded. On the bowl is ' Lufton.' Marks : 2 of
Brit, sterling; date-letter for 1713; maker's mark, F.A., in
oblong punch — John Fawdery. A small plain paten on foot ;
diam. 4^in. Only mark, the initials F.A. as above repeated
four times in a row. Another paten on large foot, diam 5in.
Marks : 2 offic. ; date-letter for 1721 ; maker's mark, B.N.,
above a fleur-de-lys in heart-shaped punch = Bowles Nash.

MARTOCK. — This the largest parish in the Deanery pos-
sesses hardly any ancient plate. There are two cups of the
usual pattern of the Victorian era with the date-letter for

An Inventory of Church Plate. 179

1861. One bears this tell-tale inscription : ' The gift of Eliz :
Daughter of John Jeans of Aish* To the Communion Table
of Martock.'

The patens are also two in number of the usual shape. One
is of the same date as the cups ; the other has the date letter
for 1758 ; 2 offic. marks, and the maker's name R. Cox in a
shaped punch (not in Cripps) ; and the same dedicatory inscrip-
tion as on the cup. The flagon is a good specimen of its kind,
tall, the drum slightly increasing in diameter towards the base,
a massive handle and domed cover. It has the same marks
and inscription as on the paten. No doubt the gift of Eliza-
beth Jeans originally included a cup as well as paten and
flagon. However, when a second cup was provided in 1861,
it was thought well, for the sake of symmetry, to make it
match the new comer ; as to which deed one can only say : " je
ne vois pas la necessite."

MIDDLE CHINNOCK. — Here there is still preserved the
original Elizabethan . cup and cover (the latter somewhat
damaged.) The cup is 6f in. high. Contrary to the maker's
usual practice there is only one belt of running ornament round
the bowl ; the knop has the hyphen ornament ; the foot is plain.
The hyphen ornament is also found on the cover. Marks (same
on both): 2 offic.; date letter for 1574; maker's mark I. P.
There is also a rudely designed paten consisting of a flat
roundel of silver-plate turned up at the rim, and mounted on a
tall, slender foot ; no marks nor inscription. An electro-
plated flagon.

MONTACUTE. — This parish has some interesting pieces, both
ecclesiastical and secular. The Elizabethan cup and cover,
silver-gilt, are of the usual pattern of I.P.'s work. The cup is
6 Jin. high ; on the button of the cover is the date 1574.
Marks: 2 offic.; date letter for 1573; maker's mark, I. P.
Two patens silver-gilt. Each piece is 8f in. in diameter, with
a plainly moulded edge. Marks : 2 offic. of Brit, sterling ;

* A hamlet in Martock.

180 Papers, $c.

date letter for 1713 ; maker's mark G, inclosing A in orna-
mental shield = Francis Garthorne. In the centre of each
piece are the arms of the family of Phelips, of Montacute
— arg. a chevron betw. 3 roses, gu., in a lozenge supported bj
two lions. Motto, pro aris et focis.

A Victorian communion-cup, silver-gilt, with the date letter
for 1870, bearing the inscription: 'Presented by C. C.
Goodden, Vicar of Montacute, 1871.'

A pair of candlesticks silver-gilt on broad octagonal feet.
The stems are fluted, and there are bands of oblique gadroon
ornament round the top, the flange at base of stem, and on the
foot. Marks: 2 offic. ; date-letter for 1691; maker's mark,
within a shield the initials D.B. with a small crescent below.
These initials with crescent in a differently shaped shield are
ascribed to Buteux in 1685. These pieces are inscribed : ' In
memorial of an excellent WIFE and her 7 children, These are
D.D. to the use of the ALTER (sic) in Montacute Church A.D.
1796.' This inscription is accompanied by a shield surrounded
by mantling, bearing : a saltire engr. betw. 4 roses (Napier),
Imp., a chevron betw. 3 falcons (Worsley).

A beautiful oblong salver and ewer. The salver is 14in.
long, and lOJin. wide ; weight, 43oz. 13dwt. The moulded
edge encloses a band of engraved and repousse work. Within
this is an oval depression. In the centre is a circular flange
to secure the foot of the ewer. Marks : 2 offic. of Brit, ster-
ling ; date-letter for 1 724 ; maker's mark in a shaped punch,
S.A. under crown ; not in Cripps. Within the flange is a
silver plate on which is engraved a female figure resting on an
anchor and supporting a shield bearing the Phelips arms ;
round this is an inscription : ' In memory of John Phelips who
Died in the Service of his Country, a Lieutenant in the Royal
Navy in the year 1781 Aged 26. This Dish and Ewer Pur-
chased by his Effects is Dedicated for the Use of the Sacra-
mental Altar in the Church of Montacute, in the year 1786.'
The ewer will be best explained by the accompanying illustra-

MONTACUTE.

EWER.
EARLY I8TH CENT.

Aii Inventory of Church Plate. 181

tion (from a photograph taken by W. R. Phelips of Montacute
House, Esq.) It weighs 30oz. ; there are no marks visible,
but they may be hidden by a silver plate which has been
affixed under the spout. On this plate is a shield, bearing :
Phelips the quarterly coat i.e. 1 and 4 Phelips, 2 and 3 on a
chevr. 3 birds' heads erased (Phillips), Imp. az. within a
double tressure flory-counter-flory, on a fess betw. 3 martlets
arg. as many crosses crosslet of the field (Wright). Sup-
porters and motto as on the patens.

Sir Nathaniel Napier, Bart., of More Critchell, Dorset,
married firstly, Jane, daughter of Sir Robert Worsley, of
Appledurcomb, Isle of Wight, arid secondly, Catherine,
daughter of William Lord Allington, who died 1724. His
eldest surviving son, by the second marriage, Sir Gerard
Napier, married Bridget, daughter of Edward Phelips, of
Montacute, and on his death, 23rd October, 1759, was suc-
ceeded by his eldest surviving son, Sir Gerard Napier, who
married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir W. Oglander, of Nunwell,
Isle of Wight. He died 26th January, 1765, when the
Baronetcy became extinct. By his will he divided his prop-
erty between his cousins, Humphrey Sturt and Edward Phelips.

Edward Phelips married Maria Wright, and had a family
of seven children : — 1, Edward, M.P. for Somerset d.v.p.
1797 ; 2, William, rector of Cucklington and Stoke Trister,
succeeded his father in 1799 ; 3, John, Lieut. R.N., died
1781 ; 4, Charles, of Briggins Park, Herts. 1, Elizabeth, 7??.
1 John Clarke, Esq., 2 Peter Bluett, Esq. ; 2, Maria, m. John
Old Goodford, Esq. ; 3, Rhoda, m. William Harbin, Esq.

NORTH PERROTT. — The plate here is interesting and
curious. An Elizabethan cup and cover of an earlier date
than is usual in this diocese. The cup is 5f in. high ; there is
one band of running ornament round the bowl, under its base
egg-and-dart ornament; above and below the stem bands of
upright strokes ; on the foot another band of egg-and-dart
ornament. Marks: 2 offic. ; date-letter for 1571; maker's

182 Papers, §-c.

mark, a stag's head caboshed in punch, not in Cripps. The
cover is quite plain ; on the button is the date 1571. Marks :
2 offic. ; date-letter for 1571 ; maker's mark, M.L. in mono-
gram in shield, not in Cripps. A small paten of peculiar
design. An octagonal piece of thin silver plate 4fin. across
has had a circle cut in the middle, and a shallow dish fitted in
the opening. Round the flat portion is the inscription : 'John
Myfitern And William Bragge wardens 1694.' There are no
marks.

A plain cup, parcel-gilt, 7in. high, inscribed : ' North Perrott
A.D. MDCCCXIX.' Marks: 3 offic. ; date-letter for 1817.

A pair of salvers, with gadrooned edges, on three feet ;
diameter 7f in. Marks : 2 offic. ; date-letter for 1752, maker's
mark in punch I.M., in script letters ; not in Cripps. Same
inscription as on cup. A flagon of tankard type, with sloping
sides, Sin. high to lip, 10 Jin. to button on lid, diam. of foot
5f in. It is inscribed : 4 Given to the parish of North Perrott
by William Hoskins churchwarden 1845.' Marks : 2 offic. ;
date-letter for 1768; maker's mark, I.K. in oblong punch;
perhaps the initials of John King.

NoRTON-SUB-HAMDON. — A beautiful cup and cover of the
Elizabethan era. The cup is 7|in. high ; the bowl is deep
with a slight lip, which is encircled with a band of ornament.
Round the middle of the bowl is another band with elaborate
designs at the intersections of the fillets. This band of orna-
ment has designs of actual flowers instead of conventional
patterns ; the rose, convolvulus and acorn being very plain ; at
the base of the bowl are three fleur-de-lys. The knop and the
domed part of the foot have hyphen-bands ; on the spread of
the foot is the egg-and-dart ornament. The cover is of the
usual shape, with one band of ornament ; on the button is the
date 1601. Marks (same on both pieces) : 2 offic. ; date-letter
for 1601 ; maker's mark, in shield, T.R. above four dots; this
is not in Cripps. The Rev. A. G. Edwards, rector of the
parish, kindly took the photograph of the cup and cover.

NORTON-SUB-HAMDON.

ELIZABETHAN CUP AND PATEN

1601.

An Inventory of Church Plate. 183

Another cup, parcel-gilt, with band of ornament round lip, and
the sacred monogram in centre of bowl. The date-letter is that
for 1796. It bears an inscribed date 1814, so it was no doubt
part of a donation which also included a flagon and a dish,
which bears this inscription : ' The gift of Phillipa Quantock
to the parish of Norton-sub-Hamdon 1814.' There was in the
tower of the church, but unfortunately destroyed in the fire of
August, 1894, a monument : ' Sacred to the memory of
Phillipa Quantock, who died at Bath, May 13th, 1826, aged
82. She was the only surviving daughter of Mathew Quan-
tock, Esq., of Norton-sub-Hamdon, in this County.' [From
History of Norton-s-Hamdon, by C. Trask, 1898.]

ODCOMBE. — In addition to a fine Elizabethan cup and
cover, the parish possesses a magnificent standing cup of the
Edmonds pattern, specimens of which have been already noted
at Yarlington and Horsington. The Elizabethan cup is 8jin.
high ; the bowl has one band of running ornament ; above and
below the stem are bands of raised ovals with pellets in centre ;
on the spread of the foot is a belt of egg-and-dart ornament.
These parts are gilt. The cover is of the usual pattern with
a band of ornament gilt. On the button is the date 1575 in
such queer figures that it has often been read as 1717. Marks
(same on both pieces) : 2 offic. ; date-letter for 1574 ; maker's
mark, M in shield, as at Cranmore E. 1576, and Witham 1592.

A plain dish (soup-plate pattern), 7 Jin. across with the date-
letter for 1806. Inscribed : ' The gift of Susanna, Wife of the
Eev. P. A. French, Rector of Odcombe Somerset A.D. 1808.'

The standing cup is silver-gilt, 11 Jin. high to lip, the
diameter of the bowl being 4Jin. The bowl is divided by a
small rib into two portions. On the upper part is a represen-
tation in repousse work of the sea with various sea monsters ;
the lower part are upright leaves and flowers. Marks : 2
oftic. ; date-letter for 1614 ; maker's mark in a shield, I.M. and
F.B. The cover is 6 Jin. high. It has the same representation
of the sea with monsters and a tub floating on the waves. The

184 Papers, $c.

sides of the steeple are not pierced ; this detracts from its
general appearance by making the cover look heavy. There
is no inscription on the cup, but in the parish register is this
note : '1718, About this time there was given to the parish of
Odcombe a Large silver-gilt Chalice and Cover, by Mrs.
Wortley, who was the Relict of Mr. Edmund Brickenden,
the late Rev<* Rector of ye Parish of Odcombe. This is re-
corded in a grateful remembrance of their benefaction by Ed.
Gilling Curate of Odcomb.' [Communicated by the Rev. E.
W. Collin, rector of O.] E. Brickenden was instituted 2nd
July, 1702, and died 15th February, 1707-8.

PENDOMER. — This little parish has a very interesting post-
mediaeval chalice. It stands 6f in. high ; diameter of bowl at
lip 3Jin., depth Sin. The bowl is straight-sided and circular at
base. The stem is hexagonal. The round knop is broad and
clumsy, channelled into ridges terminating in diamond facets.
Below the knop, the stem widens out into a flat foot with con-
cave lobes. The projecting points between the lobes terminate
in small ornaments technically called toes. Here they are
minute cherubs, only one of which is perfect, the other five
being partially or wholly destroyed. The foot terminates in
an upright basement moulding encircled by a flat rim. The
only mark, partially obliterated, is, perhaps, I.S. in shaped
punch. The chalice is inscribed : ' The gift of the lady Ann
Pollet to Pendomer Church.' The family of Paulet, of
Hinton St. George, owned Pendomer from 1630 to 1803.
John, second Baron Paulet, died in 1665, leaving a widow,
Anne, second daughter and co-heir of Sir Thomas Browne,
Bart. This is the only " Lady Anne Paulet " in the pedigree
of the family (Collinson II, 167), and the date agrees very well
with that when this particular pattern was in fashion [see
Redlynch in Bruton Deanery, vol. xliii. ii. 197.] Now, in the
church of the adjacent town of Crewkerne, in the north aisle is
a monument — ' Here lyeth the body of Edward Sweet Gold-
smith who departed this life the 15 day of March 1684 In the

An Inventory of Church Plate. 185

44 year of his age. Here also lyeth the body of Thomas
Sweet son of Edward and Mary Sweet who departed this life
the 15 day of April 1713 In the 32 year of his age.' On
another monument — ' Here lyeth the body of Anna Sweet
widow who was wife to Mr. Richard Sweet of this towne gold-
smith. Shee departed this life the 27th day of February in
the 72nd year of her age, and was buryed the 5th day of
March Anno Dom. 1683-4.' It is quite likely, therefore, that
some earlier member of this family may have made the cup.
The first initial on the punch, though blurred, is most probably
an I, the second is certainly an S.

The cover is of an ordinary pattern with button. On this
has been engraved the sacred monogram within rayed circle.
This seems to have been done after the marks had been struck,
with the result that the two official marks (and they only) are
just distinguishable.

A paten on foot, Sin. in diameter, the rim of plate and foot
decorated with oblique gadrooning. Marks : 2 offic. ; date
letter for 1693 ; maker's mark T.B. in shaped punch, perhaps
Thos. Brydon. In middle of the plate is the sacred monogram
within rayed circle ; on the underside, " In usum Ecclesia3
Pendomer in comit. Som'sett 1696."

STOKE-SUB-HAMDON. — Here there is a plain cup and cover
of the early 17th century work. The cup is 7§in. high; the
bowl is conical-shaped, with slight lip ; the stem is thick, with
an annular knop, the foot moulded. It is inscribed : ' Stoke
Subhamden 1635.' Marks: 2 offic.; date-letter for 1635;
maker's mark, an anchor between the initials D.Gr. in shield.
The cover is flattened with a wide brim. It has the same in-
scription and marks as the cup. A flagon and paten with a
cover of plated metal.

THOIINE (near Yeovil). — A small but good specimen of
I.IVs work. The cup is only 5 Jin. high ; round the bowl are
two bands of ornament ; the knop has a band of hyphens ; the
foot is plain. There is a band of ornament on the paten, on

Vol. XL1V (Third Series, Vol. IV), Part II. aa

186 Papers, $c.

the button ' 1574.' Marks (same on both pieces) : 2 offic. ;
date-letter for 1573 ; maker's mark I. P.

Some pewter vessels are still preserved. They are a small
flagon, a gigantic paten on foot (diam. of paten lOf in.), and an
almsdish. There is also a plated flagon.

TINTINHULL. — At the present time this parish possesses a
large plain cup and cover very similar to the vessels at
Ditcheat, which are by the same maker. The cup is 7Jin.
high ; the foot is moulded ; underneath is an inscription :
' This Communion Cupp and Cover of Tyntinhull Parish
Weigheth 18 ounces 12 dwt.' Marks : 2 offic. ; date-letter
for 1635 ; maker's mark, R.W. with a rose beneath in shaped
punch. The cover is 5iin. across ; it has a wide brim and no
flange ; same marks as on the cup.

The Churchwardens' Accounts begin in 1433. From the
extracts published by the Somerset Record Society, Vol. IV,
p. 175 seg., we learn something about the mediaeval plate.
1436-7 : It. pro labore de chalys, unde respeec [?], iiijd.
1437-8: It (Received) de tota parochia pro una cruce et
calice de novo emptis, ut patet per parcellam Ecclesie in
custod. custodum, xxxvjs. X6?. In expensis : It. pro uno calice
de novo empte per sacramentum computantum, xxxs. It. pro
una cruce de copre et aurata hoc anno per sacramentum dic-
torum computantum, xxjs. After seventy years the parish-
ioners bought a new chalice ; 1506-7 : It. for making and
gyltying of a chalyce with costs made in the puttyng owt
of the said warke, ponderat xxj unc. et dim., xlviijs. vjd. This
sum is nearly twice as much as the cost of the old one, and
there are no extracts to tell us how the money was raised. At
Morebath, Devon, in 1534, a new chalice to replace one which
had been stolen cost 30s. [p. 209 of op. cit.~\ The inventory
for this year includes 'ij crewetts offsylver.' In 1513 among
the expenses is an item of xxd. for ' ij peire of crewetts.'

The extracts become very meagre before they finish in
11. Eliz., 1569. At some future date it may be possible to

An Inventory of Church Plate. 187

find some more items about the plate, and particularly con-
cerning the change from chalice to cup. At present, in a paper
with extracts by Rev. J. B. Hyson in Som. Arch. Proc.
xxxii. ii. 86, I find that in 1614 is this entry : — Laid out for
new making the silver cup iiijs. vjd. This certainly suggests
the idea that the chalice had survived down to that date, but
then the question arises, why the parish should have wanted
another one so soon as 1635.

WEST CHINNOCK. — A fine Elizabethan cup and cover.
The cup is 7T\in. high. The bowl is deep ; there is one band
of running ornament of an unusual pattern, as the central stem,
from which the conventional leaves, etc., spring, does not wave
from side to side between the enclosing fillets, but keeps in the
middle between them. The knop is small with a band of
hyphens. The outer margin of the foot has a peculiar band
of ornament made up of alternate bars and pierced circles,
with pellets in the interstices. Marks : 2 offic. ; date-letter
for 1570; maker's mark indistinct, perhaps H.B. in a mono-
gram within a circle ; not in Cripps. The cover is broad with
a wide band of hyphen marks. Marks : 2 oific. ; date-letter
for 1570 ; maker's mark practically illegible. A small salver
on three feet and a flagon, both plated.

. anne'0 Cftapel, IBrislington.

BY THE REV. A. RICHARDSON.

FTT1 HE manor of Brislington was in the honour of Glouccs-
-L ter, which included Bristol and Bristol Castle, and was
given to Robert Fitzhamou by Rufus.

Fitzhamon's1 eldest daughter and heiress, Mabile, married
Count Robert, illegitimate son of Henry I, and who was
created Earl of Gloucester2 on his marriage with Mabile, as
she objected to marry a commoner.3

On the death of Robert Earl of Gloucester the manor of
Brislington passed to his son, William Earl of Gloucester,
who, having no heir, left it to Henry II in trust for his
younger son, John, afterwards King of England, but Henry
II gave it back to Isabel, sister of William Earl of Glouces-
ter, and she, on her marriage with King John, requested that
it might be given to a knight named Sir John de la Warre, in
whose family it remained until the middle of the sixteenth
century. The De la Warres were raised to the peerage by

(1). Fitzhamon is said to have founded Tewkesbury Abbey, where he is
buried, and to have been with Rufus at Winchester the night before his death
in the New Forest, of which he was warned by a monk who had a dream, in
which he saw the King die whilst out hunting.

(2). Robert Earl of Gloucester espoused the cause of Maud, daughter of
Henry I, in her war with Stephen, the Conqueror's youngest son, and im-
prisoned Stephen in Bristol Castle, which he rebuilt. Robert Earl of Glouces-
ter's figure is upon one of the Bristol gates, hung up above the entrance to the
castle at Arno's Vale (the property of J. C. Clayfield-Ireland, Esq.)

(3). The story of their marriage is given at length in Beyer's Bristol and
Bristol Past and Present, vol. i, 72. See Seyer, vol. i, 342 ; Collinson, vol. ii,
400 ; Bristol Past and Present, vol. i, 70, 71.

St. Annes Chapel, Brislington. 189

Edward I, 1298, and one of the family in 1356 was present at
the battle of Poictiers with Edward the Black Prince.4

The manor was sold by the De la Warre family to the
Lacys in the sixteenth century, and sold by the Lacys to the
Langtons in 1653. The Langtons built Langton Court soon
after coming into possession, which is still standing — the
former manor house having been situated at the other end of
the parish towards Filton, now known as the Manor House
Farm, on the property of J. Cooke-Hurle, Esq.5

Colonel William Gore married6 Miss Langton, the heiress
to the property, and by right of his wife became owner of the
manor towards the end of the eighteenth century, and from
him it passed in direct descent to the present Lord Temple,
who sold it about fifteen years ago.7

William Wycester (in his Itinerary, page 191) states that
a certain Lord de la Warre founded the chapel of St. Anne, and
there is little doubt that Collinson and other writers are
correct in stating that the founder gave certain endowments
to the chapel, viz: land for the erection of a house for a
chaplain at Newycke (traditionally said to have been situated
where Wick House, the residence of Mr. T. Harding, now
stands), and some land at Hanham and Warley Wood.

The chapel and its endowrments are mentioned in a lease
granted by John, last abbot of Keynsham, on 30th of June,
1538, to Robert Stafford, yeoman, of Brislington.

" To all the faithful in Christ to whom this our present
indented writing cometh, .John, by divine permission,
abbot of the monastery of the Blessed Virgin, and the
blessed Apostles Peter and Paul of Keynsham, in the

(4). See Collinson, vol. ii, 410, 411, who quotes a charter of 8 John for gift
of manor to De la Warre.

(5). Mr. J. Cooke-Hurle's title deeds.

(6). This marriage is in the Brislington Parish registers of marriages.

(7). A considerable portion of the original manorial estates had passed
away previous to this sale, the village of Brislington having formerly belonged
to the manor, as well as property now owned by Messrs. Clayfield-Ireland,
J. Cooke-Hurle, and W. J. Braikenridge, etc.

190 Papers, fyc.

county of Somerset, and the convent of the same place
send greeting in our Lord everlasting, and know ye that
in the aforesaid abbot and convent by our unanimous
assent and consent for the sum of forty shillings sterling
to us in hand paid by Robert Stafford of Bristtelen,
yeoman, the receipt, so have granted all that one house,
situate near the chapel of St. Anne, in the wood at the
southern part of the said chapel in the parish of Bris-
lington, in the county aforesaid, and called Newyke,
with all houses, out-houses, orchards, to the said house
belonging or appertaining ; also the ' chapel ' or f shrine '
in which the image of St. Anne formerly was, with the
cemetery in which the said ' chapel ' or { shrine ' now is
with all other commodities, profits, advantages, and ease-
ments and the said house, with the gardens, orchards,
chapel, and cemetary belonging or appertaining."
This lease also grants " Hamcliffe Wood in West Hannam,"
and " Cosyner's lez under Warley Wood," to Stafford (evi-
dently the original endowments of the chapel, the gift of Lord
de la Warre).

The date of the foundation of the chapel is uncertain, but it
was after the foundation of Keynsham Abbey in 1170,8 as the
chapel was founded in connection with that abbey. It was
before 1392, as a will of that date is extant in which a small
legacy is left to the chapel.

Dallanay, in his History of Bristol, thinks that the chapel
was founded by the same Lord de la Warre, who founded St.
Bartholomew's Hospital, Bristol. (See Dallany, p. 61).

Messrs. Nicholls and Taylor, in Bristol Past and Present,
place St. Anne's and St. Bartholomew's at the end of the
thirteenth century.

Wycester, in his Itinerary, says St. Bartholomew's Hos-
ts). Kej'nsham Abbey was founded by William Earl of Gloucester, to the
memory of his son Eobert, who died in his twentieth year (see deed, Bristol
Museum). Seyer, vol. i, 253. Farmer's Notitia Monastica (Som.) Dugdale's
Monasticou Anglicanum, vol. vi.

St. Anne's Chapel, Brislington. 191

pital was formerly a priory of canons regular, founded by the
ancestors of Lord de la Warre, and adds that it is now a hos-
pital for poor persons. (Wycester's Itinerary, p. 408).

Barrett, in his Bristol Antiquities, refers to a deed dated
1386, by which the patronage of St. Bartholomew's Hospital
was vested in the De la Warre family, " whose ancestors
founded it." (Barrett, p. 430).

It is probable that the founder of St. Anne's Chapel and
also of St. Bartholomew's Hospital was Roger de la Warre,
raised to the peerage in 1298 by Edward I. He is described in
the Complete Peerage, by G. E. C., as of Isfield, Sussex, and
Wick-Warr, co. Gloucester, in which county it says he had
considerable estates.

If this Lord Roger de la Warre (who died seized of Bris-
lington, 1320, see Collinson, vol. ii, 411) was the founder, as
is probable, it will meet Wycester's statement that it was
founded by a Lord de la Warre (he being first Baron de la
Warre) ; it will also agree with the date usually given as the
date of the foundation of the chapel, viz., the thirteenth cen-
tury, as he died in 1320, an old man, having a son forty years
old (see Collinson, vol. ii, 411); and it will also agree with
Dallanay's surmise as to the foundation of St. Bartholomew's
Hospital having been by the same founder as St. Anne's, as
the land endowments of St. Bartholomew's lay in Brislington
and Wickwarr, as well as in other parishes in Gloucestershire
and Somerset.

In the Record Society's Somerset Feet of Fines, vol. vi,
p. 237, there is an account of a trial at Westminster, when
Roger de la Warre, in 1274, claimed the manor of Brislington
from John, son of Jordan de la Warre, when judgment was
given in favour of John, but at his decease the said manor
was "wholly to revert to Roger." It is also stated at the
same trial that the Abbot of JKci/nskam appeared to put in his
claim for an endowment, possibly the Chapel of St. Anne.

The chapel had evidently become a popular place of pil-

192 Papers, fyc.

grimage before William Wjcester's time, 1414—1480. In
his Itinerary he describes its structure as follows : " The
Chapel of St. Anne contained in length 19 yards ; the breadth
contained 5 yards ; there are 19 buttresses (Capella Sanctce
Anna continct in longitudine 19 virgas ; Latituro ejus continct
5 viryas ; et stint de boterasses circa capellium 19). See Itin-
erary, p. 408.

He also describes its interior as follows :

" The chapel contains two four-sided wax lights, the gift of
the Weavers' Guild (artes textorium) which contain in height
from the ground to the arch of the roof (probably the tower)
eighty feet, and the through measurement of one four-sided
light from the Guild of Shoemakers (corduanarii) contains in
width ten inches, and the breadth eight inches — and the four-
sided wax lights given by the Guild of Weavers, contains in
height to the roof of the chapel, eighty feet, width eight
inches, breadth seven inches, and in each year the said wax
lights are renewed about the day of Pentecost, and the wax
and the making cost £5 (£60 of our modern currency) ; and
there are in the chapel thirty-two ships and little ships (naves
and naviculce*) and five are of silver, each costing twenty
shillings, and before the image of St. Anne are thirteen four-
sided wax lights."

The first authentic record of St. Anne's Chapel is, as has
been already alluded to, in a will dated 1392 (a copy of which
is in the possession of the Bristol Corporation), when John
Becket, merchant of Bristol, left a small legacy to Sir Richard,
chaplain of ^Bt. Anne's, and another to the abbot and mon-
astery of Keynsham, of which Sir Richard was doubtless a
canon, as two tombstones10 were dug up in the abbey cemetery

(9). Dallany thinks the ships were for burning incense and receiving and
containing offerings, and says that William Wykeham gave one eleemosynary
dish, in the form of a ship, to Winchester Cathedral. He also adds that
amongst Cardinal Wolsey's plate there were some "lytell shippes,'"' some
"silver," and some "gilte," for collecting offerings on Christmas Day.

(10). These tombstones were broken up some years ago to make coping
stones for a garden wall by the owner of the Abbey lands.

S't. Anne's Cliapcl, Brislhtr/ton. 19')

some years ago bearing the names of canons of Keynsham,
who were also chaplains of St. Anne's.

The inscription on one of them runs as follows : " Here lies
Walter Joie, canon, formerly custos of the chapel of St. Anne's
in the wood, on whose soul may The Most High have mercy."

(Hie lacet Walternus Joie (or Joce) canonicus super custos
capelli Sancti Anni in the wode, etc.)

The lettering is said to be of the sixteenth century in which
case this was probably the last chaplain of St. Anne. (See
Journal of Archaeological Society Paper on " Keynsham
Abbey," by Loftus Brock.)

Another Bristol Will, relating to St. Anne's chapel, is that
of Maud Esterfeld, wife of John Esterfeld, dated 21st July,
1491, in which, amongst other behests, she leaves a gold ring
to the use of the chapel of St. Anne's in the wood. (See
Wadley's Bristol Wills, p. 177).

Amongst the illustrious visitors to this chapel was Henry
VII, who first visited Bristol in the spring of the year, after
the battle of Bosworth, 1485, and at that visit made a pil-
grimage to St. Anne's Chapel.

A manuscript in the Cotonian Library, quoted by Leland
in his Coll. De Rebus, etc., vol. iv, p. 185, contains this ex-
tract :

" And on the morne when the King had dyned he roode on
pilgrimage to Sainte Anne's in the Woode."

Elizabeth of York, wife of Henry VII, also visited the
chapel during a progress in the West of England, and left an
offertory of 2s. 6d.

The following extract is given in her almoner's account :

" 1502. I t»i the xxist day of August to the King's Aul-
moner — For the queen's offering to St. Anne in the
wood besides Bristol 17s- vjd- (See Privy purse ex-
penses, Elizabeth of York, p. 42).

The Duke of Buckingham, the builder of Thornbury Castle,
and the last who held the office of High Constable of England,

Vol. X LI \'( Third Strict, Vol. IV), Part 77. ft 6

194 Papers, §-c.

made a pilgrimage to St. Anne's in 1508, with his wife and
daughter, and the following entry is recorded in the duke's
private account, now at the Record Office :

"1508, 6 May. My lord, my lady's, and my young lady's
oblation to St. Anne in the Wood 7s- 4<1. "

The Duke of Buckingham revisited the chapel in 1521,
shortly before being put to death as a traitor, and the entry
appears in his account as follows :

"1521, January. Oblation to St. Anne in the Wood, 7s- "

There is another previous entry in these accounts relating
to St. Anne's Chapel, which is given as follows :

"22 June, 1508. To a Welsh harper at St. Anne's, la."
(See Brewer's Letters and Papers of Henry VIIPs Reign,
vol. iii, part 1, p. 497).

There is an interesting reference in Bristol Past and Present
to a pilgrimage made by two hundred pilgrims from St. Anne's
to Compostellia, in Spain, in 1448. (See Bristol Past and
Present, vol. ii, 126. Quoted from Kymer's Fcedera, vol. vi,
p. 79).

The historian Leland also refers to St. Anne's Chapel in his
Itinerary, probably about the year 1542, when he relates :

" A 2 miles above Bristow was a common Trafectus by bote
wher was a chapelle of St. Anne on the same side of the
Avon that Bath standeth on and heere was great pilgrim-
age to St. Anne. (Leland's Itinerary, vol. ii, p. 57).

But not long after the chapel had become so famous as to
attract royalty and nobility, the tide of the Reformation had
set in, and in 1533, Hugh La tinier, then an incumbent of the
Wiltshire parish of West Kington (then in the Diocese of
Bath and Wells), was invited by some of the Reformist clergy
to visit Bristol, and in the pulpits of St. Nicholas and St.
Thomas he denounced certain doctrines of the Romish church,
especially pilgrimage, as mischievous and superstitious.

Being prohibited from preaching in the Diocese of Worces-
ter, in which diocese Bristol then was? he defended himself,

6Y. Anne s Chapel, Brisling ton. 195

one of his opponents being Dr, Powell, and in the following
letter to the Chancellor of the Diocese of Worcester he
mentioned St. Anne's Chapel as being no less famous for
pilgrimage than the shrine at Walsingham.

Latimer to Dr. Bagard (Chancellor of the Diocese of
Worcester).

" The reason why you have not moved jour parishioners so
instantly to pilgrimages as you have to works of charity,
arises, as I suppose, for lack of scripture to bear you out.
Therefore, I send you one of Dr. Powell's finding, who
deriveth pilgrimages to Master John Sharne, Walsing-
ham St. Annes in the Wood, from the text in St.
Mathew, xix, 29, ' Every one that foresaketh houses,'
&c. The seven sacraments he picked out of Psalm xxii
(xxiii). Dominus regit me. Tuns L."11
But the destruction of what Latimer deemed an evil was
even nearer than he imagined. In January, 1539, the abbot
and canons of Keynsham surrendered their monastery to the
king, and the chapel of St. Anne's, already dismantled, and
let on lease to Robert Stafford, yeoman of Brislington was
sold by King Edw. VI, in 1552, to Robert Bridges, a brother
to Lord Chandos, who, along with this chapel, purchased most
of the abbey property for a small sum.

The part of the conveyance referring to the chapel, which
is slightly different from the lease of 1538, runs as follows :
" All that Tenement called Newycke with its appurtenances
situate near the late chapel of St. Anne at Bristleton,
and all houses, gardens, and profits belonging to the said
messuage of Newycke. Also all the chapel of St. Anne
aforesaid, the churchyard where it was situated, and all
rents belonging to the said messuage, chapel and church-
yard."
And then follows the description of the rest of the endowment,

(11). This controversy is given at length in Seyer's Memoirs of Bristol,
vol. ii, 216, and in Nicholls and Taylor's Past and Present.

196 Papers, $c.

viz., the land at " HamclifFe Wood in West Hannam and at
Warley Wood." (See copy of conveyance, Collinson, vol. ii.
Keynsham Abbey).

It is impossible to say how much of the chapel had been de-
molished between the years 1538 and 1552, the time between
which it was let on lease and sold.

Probably it shared the fate of other similar edifices, and, be-
reft of its roof timbers and stained glass windows, it was left
during this period to fall into decay.

The walls had probably fallen in or been pulled down before
1790, as Collinson speaks of the Chapel at that date as being
" long since ruinated."

There are old people who say that a portion of the ruins
were used as a cart-shed when they were children, and that
this cart-shed was nearly all pulled down, about the year 1860,
to make a garden wall, on a farm near the chapel, called St.
Anne's Farm.

A portion of this mined cart-shed was, however, still standing
in 1880, and possibly forms the subject of a sketch made in
that ye.ir by a Roman Catholic clergyman, named Father
Grant. Now almost all these remains are gone, there is little
more than a grassy mound to mark the site, which is on the
Brislington side of the Avon, near the end of the lane running
through St. Anne's Wood, and opposite Crew's Hole, in the
parish of Hanham.

The old well and ferry are still in existence, and there is a
right of way to the ferry and chapel site from both the Somerset
and Gloucestershire sides of the Avon.

The names "Pilgrim Inn "and "Pilgrim Street," retained
in the village of Brislington, still keep alive the memory of the
chapel, and though it is gone for ever, yet the romantic asso-
ciations and natural beauty of the place remain. Nor can any
one visit this still charming locality so near a great city and
yet so secluded in its nature, without sympathising with

St. Amies Chapel, Brislinyton.

197

Collinson who, evidently struck with the quiet beauty of the
place, writes in 1790 :

" The place where the chapel (long since ruinated) stood is
but little known, being in a nook of the county opposite Crew's
Hole, in the parish of Hanham, in Gloucester, by which it is
divided by the Avon. A more retired spot could hardly be
found. A deep well,12 overhung with aged oaks, alders, and
poplars, bounds its southern aspect ; through it runs a languid
brook, gently murmuring over a rocky bottom and making
several waterfalls."

RUINS ON THE SITE OF ST. ANNE'S ClIAPKL.

(From a sketch made by Father Grant, in 1880.)

[The writer of this paper desires to express his thanks to
the Librarian of the British Museum, the Rev. F. J.
Poynton, Rector of Kelston, and to Mr. Latimer, of
Bristol, and also to Mr. James Sinnott, the present
owner of St. Anne's Wood, for their kind assistance,
and wishes to add that Mr. Latimer's Notes on St. Anne's,
written about ten years ago, for the Bristol and District
Pathway Preservation Society, contain considerable in-
formation on the subject.]

(12). Some coins were found in this well about ten years ago by Father
Grant, and were as follows : 1. Half groat, Edw. IV ; 2. An abbey token ; 3. A
half groat, Hen. VII ; 4. A Portuguese coin ; 5. A reckon-penuy or counter.

JI3otton Camp.

BY WILLIAM BIDGOOD.

THIS ancient entrenchment occupies the crest of a hill of
slight elevation, but still commanding situation, about
200 yards to the north of the Church of Norton Fitz warren.
The shape of the camp is somewhat roughly circular in form,
corresponding to the course of the hill on which it is situated.
From the earthworks forming the fortifications there is a gentle
slope on all sides to the valley below. The entrenchments con-
sist of an inner and an outer bank, with a broad ditch between.
The banks were originally of considerably greater height than
they are now, and the ditch was much deeper. The effect of
denudation for so many centuries has been to lessen the height
of the ramparts and to fill up the ditch. Sufficient, however,
remains to trace clearly the course of the defences in their
whole circuit. The enclosure is about 12 or 13 acres in area,
and being of convenient size for agricultural purposes, the
entrenchments also forming a good fence, has tended to the
preservation of this interesting earthwork. There are three
main entrances, north, west, and south-east. That to the west
is probably the best preserved, and most typical, although the
main defences of the camp for some distance on either side of
it have been obliterated, and a modern hedge substituted.
This entrance consists of a hollow way, projecting from the
camp some 400 or 500 feet into the adjoining field, which
would enable the defenders to sally forth unseen, and attack
their assailants in the rear : on the other hand, if the invaders
got possession of the approach, they would be met on reaching

The Norton Camp. 199

the camp by a barrier thrown across the road, causing it to
bifurcate into two narrow passages easily held by the defenders.
The entrance on the north is prolonged to a much greater
distance, and terminates in a narrow lane, leading in the direc-
tion of a place called " Conquest," on the Bishop's Lydeard
road. This camp appears to be of purely British construction,
and although remains of Roman occupation have been found
in the valley below, there is nothing to show that the camp was
even occupied, much less constructed, by them. Whether it
be of pre-Koman construction, or of the later British period, it
probably played its most important part in history at the time
of the West Saxon conquest of the valley of the Tone.

At what precise date Norton Camp was captured by the
West Saxons does not appear. The Parret remained the
boundary of the Welsh for about a quarter of a century ; but
in A.D. 683, the Saxon Chronicle records that " Centwine
drove the Brito-Welsh as far as the sea." This is interpreted
as the country west of the Parret along the coast to Quantox-
head, and would have included the forts of Dousborough and
Ruborough, with the ridge of the Quantocks as the boundary.
Ine succeeded to the kingdom of the West Saxons in 688, and
between this date and the close of the century the camp at
Norton and the rich vale of Taunton Deane would appear to
have become English, for we find in the early days of the 9th
century Ine bestowing lands " on the Tan " to the church at
Glastonbury. This land would have been that represented by
the parish of West Monkton, which remained as one of the
possessions of the abbey until the Dissolution. About the
same period the frontier would appear to have been extended
southward and westward to the river Tone, and a chain of forts
ranging from Elworthy Barrows, Clatworthy, Wiveliscombe,
Bathealton, to Castle Hill near West Buckland, with Taunton
established as a bulwark on its southern bank. There does not
appear to have been any further fighting westward, but the
Saxon Chronicle' records, A.D. 709, " Ine and Nunna his kins-

200

man fought against Gcrent, king of the Welsh." This must
have been a most important and probably sanguinary conflict,
for it is seldom that a British leader is mentioned in the Saxon
Chronicle, but here it is the king himself who is fighting. The
result of this campaign would appear to have been the conquest
of the south-westerm portion of the county — Neroche and II-
minster district. Castle Neroche would at that time have been
the principal, if not the only, fort left to the Britons in Somer-
set, and its possession would have been hotly contested. A
relic of this fight might, perhaps, exist in a barrow on the
Blackdown Hills, situate about six miles south-west of Taun-
ton, and the same distance west of Castle Neroche. On the
old ordnance map this barrow will be found marked " Noons
Barrow." The late Mr. Dickinson drew attention to it in the
early pages of Somerset and Dorset Notes and Queries (vol. i,
p. 159), and suggested that it was the burial-place of Nun or
Nunna. This is extremely probable, from the circumstance of
the fight, and the fact that Nunna's name does not again occur
in the Chronicle. Had he been living, he would certainly have
been mentioned in Ine's subsequent wars. During one of these
insurrections, which were constantly occurring among the Eng-
lish, Taunton appears to have been besieged by the rebels, for
the Saxon Chronicle records, under date 722, " In this year
Queen ^Ethelburh (Ine's Queen) destroyed Taunton, which Ine
had previously built." The king himself was engaged fighting
elsewhere. This is the first mention of Taunton in history.
Before Ine's time, the Saxons had become converted to Chris-
tianity, and the war between the English and Welsh became
one of subjugation and government, rather than of conquest
and extermination. His great code of laws deals alike with
the English and Welsh.

When Norton Camp was taken by the Saxons, the Britons
retired to the west and south of the Tone, where they probably
afterwards dwelt in peace. There are two or three place-
names which would suggest this ; Wiveliscombe is but a slight

The Norton Camp. 201

corruption of Waelas-combe, pronounced by the natives Wuls-
combe. Another place, a little west of Wellington, on the
Tone, is marked Wellisford on the map, but called Welshford
by the inhabitants. Wellington as Welshtown, or Wa3las-
town, is not so clear.

Folk-speech also is important evidence of racial boundaries.
While there is a very marked distinction between the pronun-
ciation east and west of the Parret, there is also a correspond-
ingly conspicuous difference between that east and west of
Taunton, as Mr. Elworthy has pointed out,* the pronunciation
gradually shading into the western dialect, until by the time
we reach Wellington, Wiveliscombe, and the western slopes of
the Quantocks, the speech has become almost thoroughly
Devonian in character. This would tend to prove, as well as
Ine's " Dooms," that, after their conversion to Christianity, the
English did not drive the conquered Britons out of the country
altogether, but that they lived on peaceably and intermarried.
Indeed, there is some suspicion that Ine himself was half a
Welshman.

There is also a noticeable difference in the physical appear-
ance of the inhabitants westward, a larger proportion of shorter,
thick-set people, with dark complexion and black hair, being
observable, and this distinction increases until on Exmoor and
in Devonshire it becomes the rule.

Local traditions and legends are worth sifting, as generally
there may be found some foundation on which they have been
built up. Thus the old rhyme

" Norton was a market town
When Taunton was a furzy down,"

has some truth in it, for Norton Camp is undoubtedly a place
of greater antiquity than Taunton, and although the latter was
never a furzy down, the soil being more congenial to the
growth of alder, withies, sedges, and equisetum, than to heath

* " Dialect of West Somerset," p. 6.

Vol. XL IV (Third Series, Vol. IV), Part II. cc

202 Papers, £c.

or gorse, jet on the north side it was certainly a morass. The
selection of its site for the building of Ine's new fortress would
seem to mark a fresh era in fortification — a system in which
the ordinary defences of earthworks and palisades are strength-
ened by an outer ditch of water. It is also interesting to note
that the date of its foundation is nearly two hundred years
earlier than any other fortress mentioned in the Saxon
chronicle.

The legend of the Dragon who lived on Norton Camp and
ravaged the country round, descending into the valley, de-
vouring the inhabitants and their flocks, has some foundation.
It will be remembered that the Dragon was the Standard of
the West Saxons. Freeman makes frequent mention of this
in his History of the Norman Conquest, and we might easily
imagine how this monster, stuck on the top of a pole and
planted on the camp, menacing the people in the valley below
inspired the inhabitants with awe and superstitious wonder.
And such a hold does the legend appear to have had on the
people, that down to mediaeval times it was strongly be-
lieved in, for on the beautifully carved fifteenth century
screen of the parish church of Norton Fitzwarren, it is de-
picted in the form of reptiles resembling crocodiles, seizing
and devouring men at the plough, and even women and
children seem not to have been exempt from their ravages. It
may well have been, however, that this dragon legend was
turned to account in the religious fervour of the middle ages,
and served to typify the evil spirit going about seeking whom
he might devour. Even in our own day the inhabitants will
tell you of the pestiferous reptile that once upon a time lived
on the hill, bred from the corruption of human bodies, breath-
ing disease and death around. Similar dragon legends exist
elsewhere, associated with stories of great battles. At the
present time the Wessex Dragon, or rather the modern her-
aldic representation of this mythical monster, waves over the
Society's Castle of Taunton.

3n (ZEarlg Chapter of tfje J£>t0totp of

BY JOHN BATTEN.

"Y7EOVIL, according to the Domesday Survey, contained
— •— altogether eight hides, two of which were held by
Robert, Earl of More tain, and the remaining six by William
de Ou, who had sublet them to Hugh Maltravers — a name
latinized in the Inq. Gheldi as " Hugo Malus-transitus." He
was also William de Ou's tenant of Hinton Blewet, in Somer-
set, and of the manors of Mappowder, Lidlinch, Stourton-
Candel, Candel-wake, Litchet Maltravers and • Woolcombe
Maltravers in Dorset.

William de Ou and William de Moretain (son and successor
of Earl Robert) were attainted for taking part in the rebellion
against William Rufus in 1088, and their possessions at
Yeovil and elsewhere were forfeited to the Crown (Freeman's
Norman Conquest I. 33), but Hugh Maltravers was probably
not disturbed in his holding, as one of the same name, by
charter, without date, gave to the Priory of Montacute his
"land near Preston (z>., Preston Plucknet) by Southbroke,"
which gift was confirmed by John Maltravers of Gyvele
(Yeovil) in 1262 (Montacute Cartulary, Som. Rec. Soc.). At
a very early period, a portion of Gyvele had been conferred
on the Church and endowed with special rights and immunities
as a " Free Ville or Liberty," but, in the early part of the reign

* This article should be read in connection with an address by the present
writer at the meeting of the Society in 1885 (see, vol. xxxii).

204 Papers, §-c.

of Henry III, it was known only by tradition that the donor
was the " daughter of a certain king " (see more on this head,
Proceedings, vol. xxxii, p. 11).

The royal endowment (to which perhaps Collinson alludes
in his History, vol. iii, p. 205 ) did not extend to the advowson
of Gy vele, which remained appendant to the Maltravers manor,
out of which, we may fairly presume, the endowment was
taken, and the Maltravers family remained in possession of it
for many generations, as well as of that part of William de
Ou's six hides, which afterwards became known as the manor
of Henford Maltravers, answering to the modern ty thing of
that name, in which, indeed, the church is situated.

As to the remainder of the six hides we are left pretty
much to conjecture, but, in the reign of King John, it had
certainly become a separate manor, known as the manor of
Kingston juxta Yeovil, and answering to the modern tythings
of Wigdon and Huntley.

Of the two hides held by the Earl of Moretain, one of them
may have been the manor of Newton which was held by
the family of DeGouiz, descendants of Roger Arundel, the
Domesday tenant of many manors in Somerset, and the other,
answering to the manor of Lyde, belonged to the Fitzpayns.

The earliest owner of Kingston that has been traced is
Hugh Fitz Hugh, alias Hugh de Say, second son of Hugh
Fitz Osbern, Lord of Richard's Castle, in Herefordshire, and
Eustachia his wife, who was daughter and heiress of Theodoric
de Say, Lord of Stoke Say, in Shropshire. In honour of
their mother, this Hugh and his elder brother, Osbert Fitz
Hugh, assumed her paternal name of de Say, which was
borne also by the descendants of Hugh, who only left issue.
Richard's Castle lies in a village to which it gives its name,
about four miles S.W. of Ludlow, close to the old church of
St. Bartholomew. The site, from its great eminence and com-
manding position, is evidently adapted for a fortress of unusual
strength, and here, Richard Fitz Scrob and his son Osbern,

An Early Chapter of the History of Yeovil. 205

in the time of Edward the Confessor, raised, according to
Freeman the historian, "the first castle on English ground "
(Norman Conquest, vol. i). According to him, this was the
castle the surrender of which was demanded by the rebellious
Earl Godwin in the year 1051. Since the death of Mr.
Freeman, his version of the transaction has been attacked
by an able, but severe critic, who contends that the castle was
not Richard's Castle but the Castle of Euyas Harold in the
same county, and that Freeman confused Osbern, son of
Richard Fitz Scrob, with another Osbern, whose surname was
Pentecost (Round's Feudal England, p. 320). Leaving wiser
men to decide such a momentous question, our course will now
follow that of de Say, in whom the blood of Fitz Osbern was
absorbed.

The family of de Say was of Norman origin. In the reign
of Henry I, Jordan de Say and Lucy, his wife, in conjunction
with Richard de Humet (the King's Constable of Normandy)
and Agnes, his wife (a daughter of Jordan de Say), founded
the Abbey of Aunay in the Diocese of Bayeux, and their son,
Gilbert de Say, contributed to its endowment (Neustria Pia,
759-60 ; Gallia Christiana XI Listrumenta; D'Anisy Extraits
de Cartes Normandcs /, 46, p. 89 ; Stapleton's Normandy /,
Ixxxv, clxxxii.)

In England, their first seat appears to have been at Clun,
in Shropshire, and Stokesay was, in 1115, acquired from
Walter de Lucy by Picot de Say, the grand-father of Eustachia,
wife of Hugh Fitz Osbern. The family also held lands in
Oxfordshire, where Jordan de Say was excused a debt due to
the Crown in 1131 (Pipe Roll, 31, Hen. I) Oxon, and it may
be assumed that this related to his manor of Solethorn (now
Souldern), the church of which he bestowed on the neighbour-
ing Abbey of Egnesham (Kennett's Parochial Antiquities /,
193, 252, 500 ; Cott. MSS., Claud A 8, p. 135).

On the death s.p. of his elder brother, Osbert, Hugh de
Say (I) succeeded to Richard's Castle (which, on account

206 Papers, fyc.

of the number of knights' fees held of it, was styled the
Honour of Richard's Castle) and married Lucy, younger
daughter of Walter de Clifford, and sister of Fair Rosamond,
the celebrated mistress of Henry II (Dugd. Mon. II. 49, 855),
whose unfortunate life and miserable end are well known, and
— what is perhaps not so well known — whose remains were
not allowed to rest in the sanctuary, of her tomb, but were, in
1191 (3 Ric. I) by order of Hugh, the stern Bishop of Lincoln,
exhumed and cast out of the conventual Church of Godsall.
Hugh de Say must have died before 1177, as in the Pipe
Roll for that year (23 Hen. 77, Som. and Dors.} she paid
seventy-five marks for license to marry again and to enjoy
her dower in peace, and in right of it she presented Thomas
Maltravers to the Chapel of All Saints, Kingston. There
was issue of the marriage according to the historians of
Worcestershire (Nash I, 241), and Shropshire (Eyton, 303),
two sons only — Richard, who died s.p. and Hugh (II), who
succeeded to Richard's Castle. He married Mabel, daughter
of Robert Marmion, and left at his death, before 1204, two
sons, who died s.p., and two daughters, Lucy and Margaret,
but Lucy dying, her sister became sole heiress to their father's
great possessions. On the 20th October, 1204, the Sheriff of
Somerset was ordered to give possession of the manor of
" Giffle," " quod fuit Luce de Say aine fil de Huy de Say" to
William Cantilupe. This was probably a grant of the
wardship of the infant Margaret, but on the 8th of November
following, the same sheriff was directed to deliver the
manor to Gilbert de Say, and two years after to restore
to Nicholas de Say his land in " Giffle " which Gilbert de Say
held ( Close Rolls, 6 John). Gilbert was a third son of
Hugh (I) as is shewn by the record of a trial between him
and John Maltravers, in 1213-14, relating to the Chapel
of Kingston, when he proved, to the satisfaction of the
jury, that Lucy de Say, "his mother," had presented the
last clerk (Thomas Maltravers) in right of her dower (Rot.

An Early Chapter of the History of Yeovil. 207

Car., 15 John, Nos. 58-9). In addition to this, Gilbert
was assessed in the aid (13 John) for one knight's fee in
Gyvele (Lib. Rub,). He had a sister, Lucy, married to
Thomas de Arderne, and in 1216 (17 John), the Sheriff
of Somerset was ordered to enquire, by jury, whether Hugh
de Say, father of Margaret, then the wife of Robert de
Mortimer, had given to Thomas de Arderne the manor of
Soulthorn in exchange for the manor of " Giffle," and whether
Soulthorn was the inheritance of Hugh, and if so, the sheriff
was to give possession of Soulthorn to Robert and Margaret
(Close Rolls). It is probable that the sheriff's return to the
writ was in the negative, as we find that the Arderne family
continued in the possession of Soulthorn, and, in 1255, Ralph
de Arderne held that manor of the Barony of Richard's
Castle (Ey ton's Salop II, 33, quoting Rot. Hund. II, 44).

It is very evident that there were many complications and
conflicting claims relating to the paternal estates inherited by
Margaret de Say — which extended to those in Somersetshire,
as weU as Shropshire and Worcestershire — and Robert de
Mortimer, her husband, was (according to the historian of
Shropshire (Eyton iv. 303) forced to take proceedings against
Gilbert de Say and others in order to recover them. He must
have succeeded, ultimately, as he certified that he held no less
than " twenty-three fees of the Honour of Richard's Castle by
his marriage with the daughter of Hugh de Say, heir of
Osbert Fitzhugh" (Lib. Nig. /, p. 159). Robert de Mortimer,
who was a younger son of Roger de Mortimer, of Wigmore,
was the second husband of Margaret de Say, and they were
married before 1216 (17 John), as in that year he obtained a
grant from the king of all lands in Berewic, Sussex, which
formerly belonged to Mabel de Say, mother of Margery his
wife (Dugd. Bar. 7, 152). Her first husband was Hugh de
Terriers, and before 1221, she had married her third, William
de Stuteville. She had issue only by De Mortimer, and from
them the Mortimers of Richard's Castle and their successors

208 Papers, £c.

in the female line, the Talbots, were descended. The male line
of the Talbots failed on the death of John Talbot, under age
(12 Richard II), when the Honour of Richard's Castle fell to
his three sisters and co-heiresses, Elizabeth, wife of Warin
Archdeene, Kt. ; Philippa, wife of Matthew Gournay and
Alianor, who died unmarried (Nash I, 241).

Richard de Say, brother of Gilbert, appears to have bought
Kingston juxta Yeovil of Margaret de Say, after her marriage
with Stuteville, for by a fine dated in 1221, between William
de Stuteville and Margery his wife, plaintiffs, and Richard de
Say, defendant, in consideration of 100 marks of silver, they
conveyed to Richard and his heirs four carucates [or hides]
of land in Gyvele, under the service of one knight's fee to be
rendered to them, and the heirs of Margery (Somt. Fines,
5 Hen. Ill, No. 4). Not long after he confirmed to the
Canons of Haghmond, Salop, a gift made to them by Lucy,
his mother (Dugd. Man. II, 46), and by another charter made
in " The Great Church of Gyvele in 1226, he gave lands in
Gyvele (part no doubt of his purchase) to the Priory of
Montacute, reserving prayers for Lucy, his mother, on her
c obit,' for which provision had been made by ' Lord Gilbert,
his brother,' by the gift of two measures of wheat every year.
He died soon after s.p. leaving his brother Gilbert his heir,
and Lucy de Arderne, his sister, who, c in her widowhood,' gave
one furlong of land in Gyvele to the same Priory as ' a
pittance,' to be bestowed every year on the anniversary [of
the death] of Richard de Say, her brother" (Montacute
Cartulary, Nos. 35-3 G, Som. Rec. Soc.).

Thomas de Arderne, the husband of Lucy de Say, may
have been one of the Ardernes of Warwickshire, as Dugdale,
in his history for that county, mentions one of that name who
before 6 John had married a wife whose Christian name was
Lucy, but whose paternal name was unknown to him. She
was living he says 1 Hen. Ill (1216). In the pedigree he
gives of the family, the names of Thomas and Ralph frequently

An Early Chapter of the History of Yeovil. 209

occur, which, as we shall see hereafter, were borne by the
Yeovil branch (Dugd. Hist. Warwickshire II, 925).

There can be little doubt that the original seat of the
Yeovil branch of the Ardernes was at Horndown, in Essex.
In 1122, Thomas de Arderne and Thomas, his son, gave to
the Abbey of Bermondsey the Chapel of St. George, in South-
wark, and the tithes of their demesne on Horndon. Ralph de
Arderne, in the reign of Hen. II, married Annabella, second
daughter of the illustrious Ralph de Grlanville, Chief Justiciary
of England (Annals of Bermondsey 77, 246), from whom
descended another Ralph, who acquired lands in Yeovil, and
died before 1259, in which year Erneburga, his widow, brought
an action for the recovery of one-third of a messuage, and
twelve acres of land in Yeovil as part of her dower out of her
husband's lands in Essex and Somerset, and Hugh de Mortimer,
son and heir of Margaret, as guardian of Thomas, the infant
son of Ralph, was called to warrant her title (De Banco Roll,
Mich., 43-4 Hen. Ill, No. 15, memb. 35d). She must have
succeeded in her claim, as she sold her life-interest in the
Yeovil lands to one Richard de Collworth, who forfeited them
for joining in the rebellion of the Barons against Hen. Ill,
and possession was taken by the above Hugh de Mor-
timer as guardian of Thomas (Inq. de Rebellibus, 49 Hen.
Ill, No. 113). Putting the above facts together, there can
be no doubt that Thomas de Arderne, who married Lucy de
Say, was the father of Ralph, of Essex, who inherited her
lands in Yeovil, and left a son, Thomas, to whom (subject to
the dower of Erneburga) they descended in the reign of
Hen. III. It may be that this last-named Thomas was the
husband of Hugelina de Nevile, for, in the year 1294, an
assize was held to try if John de Wigton, Robert Fitzpayn,
and John, the vicar of Yevele, had disseised her of a tenement
in Yevele, and of her manor of Yevele, and a plea being put
in that she had a husband living — Thomas de Arderne — who
was not named in the writ, it was adjudged that he ought to

Vol. X LI V (Third Series, Vol. IV), Part 11. dd

210 Papers, Sfc.

have been joined. (Ass. Div. Cos., 22 Edw. I, N. 2. 8.-8).
Proceeding now to Gilbert de Say, he married Matilda,
daughter of Matthew de Clivedon, Lord of Milton, near
Bruton, and Isabella, his wife, who was a daughter of William
de Montague of Sutton Montague or Montis, in this county,
which event involved him in litigation with his wife's family
(De Banco Rolls, Michaelmas term 7-8, Hen. Ill; H. Hil
term 10, Hen. III). On his death (which must have occurred
soon after), his property at Yeovil, including the lands which
he inherited from his brother Richard, descended to his two
daughters and co-heiresses, Edith, the wife of Thomas de
Huntley, and Matilda, wife of Thomas de Arderne, son and
heir of Ralph, already mentioned. The two sisters made
partition of their inheritance, and Edith took that part
called " La Marshe," now the hamlet of Yeovil Marsh, and
Matilda the remainder, which retained the name of Kingston
(De Banco Rolls, Michaelmas, 43 Edw. Ill, 150). In the early
part of the reign of Edward I, Kingston passed, by sale no doubt,
to Walter de Wigton, Lord of Wigton in Cumberland (Nichol-
son's Cumberland II, 190), from whom, at his death in 1286, it
descended to John de Wigton, his son and heir, then 22 years
of age. In the Inquisition, p.m. of Walter, it is described as
half a knight's fee of the Honour of Burford, held of Lord
Robert de Mortimer, and consisting of a capital messuage,
200a. of arable, lOa. mead., 15a. wood, 9a. past., £6 Os. 5d. ;
rents of freehold tenants, £5 10s. ; rents of villeins and pleas
of Court (Esch. 14 Edw. I, ws. 15). Robert de Mortimer,
the superior lord, died about the same time, as by an inquisi-
tion of the fees belonging to him the jury found that Thomas
de Huntley (Edith, his wife, being probably dead) held of him
the manor of Marshe by half a knight's fee, and John de
Wigton, the manor of Kingston by another half-fee— the
yearly value of which was £21, besides the advowson of a free
chapel, within the Court of Kingston, worth 100s. a year (Esch.,
15 Edw. I, No. 30;. By a fine in the same year (14 Edw. I),

An Early Chapter of the History of Ycovil. 211

between John de Lovetot (one of the Justices itinerant who
was closely connected with John de Wigton) pit., and Thos.
de Arderne, deft, (made in the presence and with the consent
of John de Wigton) two knights' fees, from the Manor of
Kingston in Yeovil, with the appurtenances, viz., the homage
and service of John de Wigton and his heirs of the whole
tenement formerly held of the said Thomas in Kingston were
limited to John de Lovetot and his heirs for ever. This
transaction appears to have been a technical contrivance for
enabling de Arderne to convey his interest in the manor, for
by a fine of even date betwreen John de Wigton, pit., and
Thos. de Arderne, deft., he released the manor of Kingston
to de Wigton, subject to a yearly rent of £20, payable to
to him for his life ( Somt. Fines, 14 Edw. I, Nos. 90-1). John
de Wigton died about 1315, and there being a doubt respecting
the legitimacy of his daughter Margaret, his five sisters were
at first found to be his heirs (Esch., 8 Edw. IT, No. 61 ; Close
Rolls, 13 Edw. I), but the ecclesiastical authority having
certified that she was legitimate, she succeeded her father as
his sole heir (Plac. Abbrev., 316 ).1

Before his death, John de Wigton sold Kingston to Sir
Robert Fitzpayn (the third of that name), first Baron Fitz-
payn, who died about 1316 (Esch., 9 Edw. II, No. 65), leaving
a- son and heir, Robert (IV). The manor was taken into the
king's hands as belonging to the heirs of John de Wigton, and
granted to Thos. de Marlberge during pleasure, the heirs of
de Wigton denying Fitzpayn's right, alleging that the sale to
him was only for his life, but the court was satisfied from
the evidence that he bought the fee and inheritance, and so
it was adjudged (Abbrev, Rot. orig., 9 Edw. II, No. 3 ; Mem.
Rolls, L.T.R., 13 Edw. II, Rot. 8).

The Fitzpayns were a family of distinction, possessing large

1 At that period the marriage of the parents after the birth of children
rendered them legitimate, but the widow in such a case was not entitled to
dower, as Diompia, the widow of John de Wigton, made several unsuccessful
attempts to recover it.

212 Papers, fyc.

estates in the western counties. Robert Fitzpayn (the first
of that name) being Lord of Cheddon, near Taunton, in the
reign of Hen. II. Roger, his son, held the manor of Lyde,
in Yeovil, on right of his wife Margaret, one of the three
sisters and co-heiresses of Alured de Lincoln, a descendant of
Roger Arundel, the Domesday tenant of large possessions in
the west, one of which, it has been suggested, was Lyde, under
the name of Eslade. Robert Fitzpayn (IV) married Ela,
widow of John Mareschal (Bank's Baronage II, app., p. 9),
and a daughter of Guy, Lord de Bryan ( Complete Peerage, by
G.E.C., title Bryan). Having no son, he adopted Robert de
Gray, of Codnore, and settled the bulk of his estates on him
and his wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Guy de Bryan, jun., in
special tail, but he reserved the manor of Kingston with the
advowson of the chapel, and, in 1344, settled it on his only
child Isabella, wife of John de Chydiok, of Chydiok, Dorset (I)
(tiomt. Fines, 19 Edw. Ill, No. 35), and died in 1355, seized
of an annual rent of £6 7s., (charged upon certain lands in a
street called Ford Street, in Kingston) ; a messuage and caru-
cate of land at La Lude (Lyde); and the reversion of another
messuage and lands at Yeovil Marsh, called Walrond's Marsh.
After the death of John and Isabella, they were succeeded by
three generations of sons (all Sir John de Chydiok), but, in
the time of the fourth Sir John, there occurs a break in the
title which awaits explanation. Towards the end of the reign
of Ric. II, the manor of Kingston with the advowsou of the
chapel there, was in the possession of the Earls of Kent.
The first of these was Thos. de Holand, a distinguished
knight in the service of the Black Prince, who married de
Holand's mother—" the fair maid of Kent." The Earl died in
1397 (Esch., 20 Ric. II, No. 30) and was succeeded by his son,
a second Thos. de Holand, also Earl of Kent, who, having
joined in the conspiracy against the new King, Henry IV, was
beheaded in 1399 (Esch., 22 Ric. II, No. 21). I have no
means of ascertaining how they acquired any interest in the

An Early Chapter of the History of Yeovil. 213

manor, but it is probable that- John de Chydiok (III) had
mortgaged it to the first Earl, which led to usual complica-
tions, and that, after his death, when his son John (IV), who
was left a minor, had attained his majority, the whole matter
was settled and mutual releases exchanged. This suggestion
is strengthened by the fact that a deed is still extant, by
which Chydiok released to Alice, Countess of Kent, and
others, all actions and claims concerning the manor of Kingston,
or any other lands in the parish of Yeovil (Close Rolls, 3 Hen.
IV, No. 10).

Turning now to Edith de Say and her husband, Thomas de
Huntley, I have not been able to trace his family any
farther back than this Thomas, or to identify the place from
which they derived their name, but they were afterwards con-
siderable land-owners in several manors called Adbere, in the
adjoining parish of Mudford. Parts of these manors had be-
longed to the great estates of the Mohuns, in Somerset, but,
in 1311, Geoffrey de Mohun and Margery his wife, settled
them by the description of a messuage, 3 carucates of land,
30a. meadow. 26a. wood, and 11 marcs of rent in Nether
Attbere, Over Attebere and Homere, on themselves for life,
remainder to the heirs of his body ; remainder to Nicholas,
his brother, in tail ; remainder to David, son of Thomas de
Huntley, in tail ; remainder to brother of David, in tail ; re-
mainder to the right heirs of Geoffry ( Somt. Fines, 4 Edw.
II, No. 34). David de Huntley must have succeeded to these
lands as (20 Edw. 3) he was assessed 20s. for half-a-fee in
Little Adbere, formerly Geoffry de Mohun's. He died
s.p. and, consequently, by the terms of the settlement,
his brother, Thomas, succeeded to the estate, which de-
volved on John, his son, and then on Margaret de Huntley,
his daughter. Ultimately, the manor of Nether Adbere was
settled on Richard Huntley and Alianor, his wife, and the
heirs of his body ; ^remainder to John, son of William Carent,
in tail ; remainder to William Carent, senior, in tail; re-

214 Papers, fyc.

mainder to the right heirs of Richard Huntley (Somt.
Fines, 12 Ric. II, No. 1). In this way, I suppose, Adbere
fell to the Carents, who were evidently related to the
Huntleys. There was another branch of that family resident
at Shiplade, in the parish of Bleadon, in this county, and
another migrated to Milborn St. Andrew, Dorset.

Returning from this digression, Thomas de Huntley, the
husband of Edith de Say, was also involved, with Brian
Grouiz and other leading men, in the Rebellion of the Barons
against Hen. Ill, and, after their defeat, was punished by the
forfeiture of his lands, and, according to the Inquisition de
RebellibuS) the bailiff of Lord Hugh de Mortimer, the over
lord, had seized one carucate of land on the ville of Grivele,
worth 10s. a year, besides rents of assize of £6 a year in the
same ville, and also a virgate and-half of land there, and 16s.
a year rent of assize held of Huntley by one Richard de Peto,
" another rebel." The forfeiture was, however, compounded
for, in Kirby's Quest (12 Edw. I). Walter de Wigton and
Thos. de Huntley are said to hold Kingston, East Marsh, and
West Marsh (into which " La Marsh" had been sub-divided)
of Robert de Mortimer, by knight service, and, in 1307,
among the knights' fees held of the king in capite by Matilda,
widow of Hugh de Mortimer at her death, was the manor of
Mersshe held by John de Huntley by half a knight's fee, and
the manor of Kingston juxta Yevele, held by Robert Fitz-
payn by another half fee (Each., 1 Edw. II, No. 59). This
John de Huntley, son of Thomas and Edith, conveyed the
moiety of the Say estate to Walter de Tryl, of Todbere,
Dorset, who, in 1324, settled Marsh (with lands derived from
another source now unknown) by the description of 13
messuages, 8 acres and 6| virgates of land, 23 J acres of mead.,
11. acres of past., 16 acres wood, 106s. rent, and rent of 1 Ib.
of pepper, 2 Ibs. of cumin, and one rose, with the appurtenance
in West Marsh, Kingston juxta Yevele, and Kingeswoode
juxta Hardington, and also a moiety of the advowson of the

An Early Chapter of the History of Ycovil. 215

chapel of Kingston, on himself and his wife, Ela, for their
lives ; remainder to William de Carent and Johanna, his
Avife, and the heirs of their bodies ; remainder to Nicholas,
son of Michael de Stoure, in fee to be held of the King in
Chief (Somt. Fines, 17 Edw. IT, No. 45). The above in-
dicates the first connection of the De Carent family with
Yeovil. Joanna, the wife of William de Carent, was probably
a daughter of Walter de Tryl. Her husband died in 1347,
possessed of one moiety of the manors of Kingston and Marsh,
leaving an infant son, another William de Carent (Inq.
p.m., Esch., 22 Edw. Ill, No. 27). In my opinion, Matilda,
the wife of John de Huntley, was another sister of De Tryl.
She held, at her death, lands in the ville of Marsh in right of
her dower, and also lands there by grant of Walter de
Romesey ; the reversion (her Inquisition states) belonging to
William, son of William de Carent, who was heir as well of
Walter de Tryl, as of Matilda (Esch., 21 Edw. Ill, No. 22).
From this it may be inferred that Walter de Tryl had two
sisters — Matilda, wife of John de Huntly, and Joan, wife of
William de Carent — that neither Walter or his sister, Matilda,
left any issue, and that, therefore, William de Carent, son of
the other sister, Joan, was heir both of his uncle and his aunt.
West Marsh was at one time held by the family of Falconer,
or Le Fauconer, who became possessed of it in the reign of
Edw. I, for in the Inquisition of knights' fee in 1302 (31 Edw. I)
Robert Fitzpayn and John Fauconer (instead of Walter de
Wigton and Thomas de Huntley, in Kirby's Quest) are said
to hold the manors of Kingston, East Marsh, and West
Marsh, of Hugh de Mortimer, by the service of one fee. By
disposition, or misfortune, Falconer was frequently at law with
his neighbours (see Ass. Rolls Die. Cos., 27 Edw. I, Nos.
2-1.1). He had a wife, Joan, and died in 1342, holding of
John Daunay (Lord of Hinton, in Mudford) a messuage and
lands at Hulle in Marsh [now called Marsh Hill] with two
moors called Brooms Moor and Dichelfords Moor [now Disle-

216 Papers, fyc.

moor], and he left John le Falconer (II), his son, then 25 years
old (Esch, 15 Edw. VI, No. 27).

John le Falconer (II) : resided at West Marsh, and is
so described in a charter, dated there in 1354 (27 Edw.
Ill), whereby he granted 'to John Gogh and John Say
certain lands in Kingsdon, near Ivelchester, of which he had
been enfeoffed by Nicholas Gouys. The witnesses to this
charter were Wm. D'aumarle, Wm. D'umfraville, and Walter
de Eomesey, knights ; and Wm. de Bingham and Wm. de
Welde ; and to it was attached his seal — two bendlets between
three falcons, with the legend, " Sigill .... Fauconer "
(Pole's Collections, Queen's Coll., Oxford, MS. No. 151, f. 47).
There are notices on the records of legal proceedings between
the Huntleys, the Carents, and the Falconers, respecting their
property at Marsh and Kingston, which it would be unprofit-
able to explain in detail, but it is important to repeat what
Collinson cites from the Close Rolls, that (30 Edw. Ill) John
le Falconer released to William, son and heir of Wm. de
Carent, then under age and in ward to the king, all his
right to the manors of Kingston and Hunteley's Marsh
(Rot. Glaus., 30 Edw. Ill, cited by Collinson III, 207). This
document confirmed to the de Carents their title to Marsh
and the part of Kingston which did not belong to the
Chydioks, and was substantially the property which after-
wards passed from the de Carents to the Comptons, and subse-
quently to their relatives, the Harbins. This transaction with
Carent did not, however, denude le Falconer of all his lands
in Yeovil. In 1376, he had to resist an unfounded claim set
up by Alice, the widow of Wm. Welde, to lands of his in
Kingston and West Marsh. It appears that le Falconer,
when only 19 years old, agreed to grant a lease of the lands to
Welde and his wife for their lives. After he came of age
he went beyond seas for several years — during which time
Welde died— and, on his return, the widow had the audacity
to repudiate the lease and claim the lands as her freehold,

An Early Chapter of the History of Yeovil. 217

but, of course, she was defeated (Ass. Rolls, Dw. Cos., 40-9
Edw. III).

Le Falconer (II) married Matilda, daughter and heiress of
John de Warmwell, of Warmwell, Dorset (Hutch. Dors. 7, 428),
and we may attribute the marriage to the fact that a branch
of the de Warmwell family was seated at Newton Salmon-
ville, in Yeovil. I have not been able to ascertain the date of
his death, but, by that event, if not by previous settlement, his
daughter and heiress, Alice, the wife of Nicholas (Joker,
must have acquired considerable property in Yeovil and the
neighbourhood as, 12 Hen. IV (1411), she and her husband
sold a farm in Yevell and Kingston to Sir John Chy-
diok, lord of Kingston (Somt. Fines\ and as late as 1445
(23 Hen. VI), after her husband's death, she conveyed in
Kingston and Marsh to her cousin, Thos. Lyte of Lytes' Gary
( The Lytes of Lytes Cary^ p. 25). Nicholas Coker himself
was the purchaser of the manor of Chilthorne Domer, which,
by fine, 9 Hen. IV, was conveyed, subject to a life interest in
Edmund Dummer, to Nicholas Coker and Alice his wife,
and the heirs of Nicholas Coker.

The manor of West Marsh was, in the reign of Edw. II,
held by John de Preston (Nomina Villarum, 9 Edw. II), who
was a considerable land-owner in the adjoining parish of
Preston Plucknet. In 1363, the manor was held by Thomas
de Preston for his life, and by a fine levied in that year
(37 Edw. Ill) between Henry le Walshe, plaintiff, and Master
Robert de Stratforde, defendant, the reversion then vested in
de Stratford was settled upon Henry le Walshe for his life ;
remainder to John his son, and Isabel his wife, and the heirs
of their bodies ; remainder to his brothers, Henry and Percival,
successively in tail ; remainder to the right heirs of the said
John. He resided at East Marsh, and purchased from the
Crown the wardship of William, the infant son of Wm. de
Carent, and Joan, his wife; but, going on a pilgrimage to the
Holy Land he died on the journey, leaving his wife, Isabel,

Vol. XLI V (Third Series, Vol. I V), Part II. ee

218 Papers, §-c.

surviving, but we hear no mention of him or West Marsh
afterwards, and it was probably absorbed into the de Carent
Estate (Exchequer ; L. §* R., Memoranda Rolls, Hil., 27 Edw.
Ill, No. 12). I should observe that it was from de Chydiok,
and not from de Carent as- Collinson states, that Kingston
came to the Stourtons.

There was yet another part of La Marsh, called Walerands
or Walrond's Marsh. As early as 1340, John Walerand,
which held under John de Wigton, died, leaving an infant son,
John, and his wife, Matilda, surviving, and she was obliged to
take legal steps for the recovery of her dower out of it (Ass.
Bolls Div. Cos., 3 Edw. II, N. 2. 15-1). The widow probably
married again — Dowre, as (28 Edw. Ill) Robert Fitzpayn
held, at his death, the reversion of one messuage, and one
carucate of land in Walronde's Marshe, which Matilda Dowre
held for her life by grant of John Walrond, which reversion be-
longed to John Chydiok, and Isabella, his wife (Esch., No. 41).

Allusion has already been made to the manor of Henford
as part of the Domesday six hides held by Hugh Maltravers
under William de Ou. Collinson, in his History (iii, p. 205)
gives a fairly accurate pedigree of the Maltravers family, so
far as relates to their ownership of Henford, but a much more
elaborate and annotated pedigree is to be found in another
work of good authority (Coll. Top. and Gen., vol. vi, p. 334),
verified by charters and documents drawn principally from
the archives of the Earl of Ilchester.

Beginning from the reign of King John, no less than six
generations of the family were successively owners of part of
Gyvele, and Lords of Henford. In 1201 (2 John) an action
was pending between John Maltravers (II), son of John
Maltravers (the first of that name), and Walter de Turber-
ville, and Alice his wife (widow of John the father), re-
specting lands at Woolcombe (now Woolcombe Maltravers),
Dorset, and, for the purposes of this action it is presumed,
John (II) sued the Turbervilles for the delivery up of five

An Early Chapter of the History of Ycovil. 219

charters relating to his inheritance, all of which Walter
Turberville admitted he had held, but alleged that they
were stolen when his house was burnt down. Maltravers
also complained that the Turbervilles unjustly detained from
him five coats of mail which had belonged to his father, and
their defence was that the father never had but one coat, which
he gave to another son with ten librates (i.e., about 500 acres)
of land, but, unfortunately, we do not know the result, as, by
default of the parties, the Court was not called on to deliver
judgment (P.R.O. Curia Regis., No. 24, Selden Society
Publications, vol. iii). The burning of these charters (if true)
must have been a serious loss ; two of them were grants by
Henry I, thereby carrying the family title back to about one
generation from Hugh, the Domesday sub-tenant ; a third was
a charter of Mareschal, Earl Striguil, and may have been the
grant of the Constableship of Striguil or Chepstow Castle,
which was an office held by the family (Esch., 25 Edw. I,
no. 33). The fifth was a charter of King John. As regards the
coats of mail, in the early days of chivalry coat armour was
hereditary, and descended to the heirs with the land, for the
defence of which it was used, especially as a dire alternative
in " wager of battel."

The litigation, between John Maltravers and Lucy de Say
(II), respecting the right of presentation to the Chapel of
Kingston has already been noticed, but, a few years later, he
was engaged in a very remarkable trial, the incidents of which
are fortunately very rare in legal annals. He held, it appears,
a knight's fee in Gryvele, by virtue of a fine made between
Walter Maltravers, his eldest brother (who, it is presumed,
had afterwards died s.p.) and John Maltravers (I), their
father ; but William Maltravers, another brother, sought to
ignore the fine as void, being purported to be made, not in the
King's Court (Richard I), but in the Court of John, Earl of
Mortain (afterwards King John). On this ground, and also
as entitled to the fee under a distinct grant, he proceeded by

220 Papers, fyc.

a writ of right against John and recovered judgment. Pending
this, .John died, and then Hawisia his widow, in 1222 (6 Hen.
Ill) sued William for one-third as her dower, to which
William pleads that the knight's fee was given to him by his
father, John (I), by charter, which he produces, and calls to
warranty John (III), son of John (II), who declines. Then
William pleads the judgment on the writ of right, whereupon
the Sheriff was ordered to return a record of the judgment.
The Sheriff, Roger de Forde, was " valettus " and probably
nominee of Peter de Mauley, his lord, who had been sheriff
for the six preceding years, and according to his return (which,
we may presume, he very reluctantly made) the county — that is
the freeholders or suitors of the County Court — wholly disavow
the judgment, because, after John had appeared and set out
his claim to the fee under the fine, and William's rejoinder
that it was of no effect not being made in the King's Court,
the Sheriff tried to prevail on the county to give judgment in
William's favour, which they declined to do, and all went
away except two or three who remained until nearly " the
vesper hour," and were assured, by the Sheriff, that they
might safely give judgment in William's favour, and that he
would indemnify them. On hearing this John prayed for recog-
nition on the writ of right, whether he or William was entitled
to the land, but the Sheriff objected that he must rely on the
fine he had set up, after hearing which the Sheriff and the two
or three who remained with him gave judgment in William's
favour " without the assent and will of the county," and that
" in no other way did William get judgment, as the county
offer to prove as the Court shall consider" (Assize Roll, No.
755 : Bracton's Note Book, case 191). So much for mediaeval
administration of justice !

Proceeding now to the reign of Edwr. I, the manor can be
regularly traced from that time. We come first to John
Maltravers (III), son of John and Hawisia, who held the high
office of Seneschal of the King's Household, and died in 1296,

An Early Chapter oj tlie History of Yeovil. 221

seised of the manor of Henford, to which the advowson of
Yeovil was appendarit, and left his son and successor, John Mal-
travers (IV), aged 30 (Escli., 25 Edw. I, No. 33). This Jolin
married first Alianor, who, not improbably, was a daughter
of Sir Ralph de Gorges, of Wraxall, Somerset (Smith's Lives
of the Berkeley s I, 241), his first wife, however, and- married
for his second, Joan, daughter and heiress of Sir Walter
Foliot, of Melbury, and grand-daughter of Sir Lawrence
Sampford, by which match he acquired an interest in the
manors of Melbury Sampford and Melbury Osmond. The
date of his death has not been ascertained, but he was suc-
ceeded by his son by his first wife, John Maltravers (V),
afterwards Lord Maltravers, whose name is, unfortunately,
associated with that of Sir Thomas Gournay, as the contrivers
of the revolting murder of King Edward II at Berkeley
Castle. He died in 1365, surviving, by several years, his son
John, the sixth and last of the name, who died in 1350. As
John (VI) left no son, Henford descended to his two
daughters, Joan and Alianor. .loan died s.p. and, conse-
quently, Alianor became sole heiress ; she was married to
.John Fitz Alan, younger brother of Richard Fitz Alan, 14th
Earl of Arundel, by whom she had a son, John de Arundel,
who, in right of his mother, became Lord Maltravers. The
manor of Henford continued in the Arundel family until the
reign of Queen Elizabeth, when Henry, 22nd Earl, exchanged
it with the queen for the manors of Halfnaked and Boxgrave,
in Sussex (Pat. Rolls, 3 Eliz, 4th part).

The Crown retained Henford in its hands until the end of
the reign of Elizabeth, when, the Royal revenues requiring
replenishment (as was not uncommon in the Tudor dynasty),
it was sold to Sir John Spencer, a city knight of fabulous
wealth (Pat. Roll, 42 Eliz., pt. 24), and after his death passed
to his daughter and heiress, Elizabeth, the wife of William,
2nd Lord Compton, created, 15 James I, Earl of Northampton,

222 Papers, $c.

in whose family it continued until sold to the Hooper family,
as mentioned by Collinson.

But the advowson of the church devolved in a different
course. By a fine levied, 13 Edw. Ill, between John Maltravers,
senior (V), Querent, and Roger Maltravers, and Thomas de
Homere, Deforciants, to the manors of Henford, Somerset, and
Lytchett, Dorset, the uses whereof, so far as regards the
manor, were thereby limited to said John Maltravers for life,
with remainder to his son, John Maltravers (VI) in tail, male
with remainder to his (the sons) right heirs. The limitations of
this fine did not extend to the advowson of the church of Yeovil,
and, therefore, it remained in the trustees undisposed of. But,
five years afterwards, in 1345 (18 Edw. Ill), by a charter dated
at Witchampton, Wednesday after the Feast of the Annuncia-
tion, to which Robert Fitzpayn, Richard Turberville, Robert
Martyn, Reginald Fitzherbert, Robert Champayn, knights ; and
John Wake, Nicholas Pyke, John Smedmore, and Henry An-
tiocke were witnesses, the trustees, Roger Maltravers and John
de Homere, granted to Lord John Maltravers (V), lord of
Lytchett, one messuage in Hyneford, and the advowson of the
church of Yevell in fee, and he, by a subsequent charter,
dated before 36 Edw. Ill, conveyed it to Richard Fitz Alan,
Earl of Arundel (Exch. Q.R. Miscell. 911—31). The earl
was the brother of John Fitz Alan, husband of Alianor,
daughter of John Maltravers (VI), upon whom and her
husband the manor of Henford and a rent of 57s. issuing
therefrom, had been settled by her grandfather, John Lord
Maltravers (V), by a fine dated 33 Edw. III. Richard, 14th
Earl of Arundel, was of Royal descent, his mother being
Eleanor Plantagenet, daughter of Henry, Earl of Lancaster,
but he was beheaded in 1397. He had, on two occasions,
exercised his right of patronage over the church, and by his
will, dated 4th March, 1392, he directed the advowson to be
sold. The words of the bequest are, " Item je vuille que 1'
avowesoun de Yvele soit venduz auxi tost come home purra

An Early Chapter of the History oj Ycovil. 223

apres mon deces resonablement. et les deniers d'icell loialment
emploiez par mes ditz executours en meilloure mannere q'ils
saveront en parfourrissement du testament et voluntee mon
seigneur et piere qi Dieux assoile," with directions for pre-
senting a fit clerk, from time to time, to hold the church until
a sale could be effected (Nichols' Collection of Noble Wills^
p. 137). In pursuance of this bequest, the advowson was sold
to King Henry Y, who purchased it in order to increase the
endowment of his recently founded Monastery of Sion, and by
charter, dated at Arundel, 13th July, 3 Henry V, (1315),
Thomas, 15th Earl, son of the Testator, conveyed two acres
of land in Yevill, in a certain place called Huish, together
with the advowson of the church of Yevill to his Majesty, his
heirs and assigns (Exch. Q.R. Miscell., ut sup.).

SOMERSETSHIRE

ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY

SOCIETY.

, 1898.

Patron :
THE RIGHT HONOURABLE THE EARL OF CORK & ORRERY, K.P.

E. J. STANLEY, ESQ., M.P.

THE RIGHT REV. THE LORD BISHOP OF BATH AND WELLS.

JOHN BATTEN, ESQ., F.S.A. SIR GEO. WM. EDWARDS.
C. I. ELTON, ESQ., Q.O., F.S.A. SIR E. H. ELTON, BART.

THE RIGHT REV. BISHOP HOBHOUSE.

H. HOBHOUSE, ESQ., M.P. COLONEL HOSKYNS.

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GEORGE FOWNES LUTTRELL, ESQ.

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trustees :

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LIEUT. -CoL. JAMES ROGER BRAMBLE.

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A. J. GOODFORD, ESQ.

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SIR A. A. HOOD, BART., M.P.
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treasurer :
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ffieneral Secretaries :
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225

Hfettict or 3Local Secretaries:

Rev. Preb. Buller, North Curry
E. E. Baker, F.S.A., Weston-super-

Mare

Rev. E. H. Bates, Ilminster
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C. W. Dare, M>r^ CWry
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C. H. Fox, Wellington
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Rev. D. LI. Hay ward, Bruton

Rev. Preb. Herringham, Williton
and Old Cleeve

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Rev. Preb. T. S. Holmes, Wookey

Rev. Preb. W. Hook, Porlock

Rev. W. Hunt

W. M. Kelly, M.D.

F. Mitchell, Chard

Hugh Norris, South Petherton

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Edwin Sloper, London

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Geo. Sweetman, Wincanton

Charles Tite.

Rev.H. G. Tomkins, Weston-s.-Mare

Rev. F. W. Weaver, Milton Cleve-
don, Evercreech

Rev. W.P.Williams, Weston-super-
Mare

W. L. Winterbotham, Bridgwater

Rev. D. P. Alford
Rev. Preb. Buller
C. H. Samson
Rev. A. H. A. Smith
J. E. W. Wakeneld
Rev. J. Worthington

Committee :

Rev. Preb. Ask with
Major Chisholm-Batten
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A. Maynard
Rev. D. J. Pring
Rev. F. S. P. Scale

The, President, Vice-Presidents, Trustees, Treasurer, General and Local
Secretaries, are ex-qfficio Members of the Committee.

Assist. SEC. & Curator :
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Vol. XLI V (Third Series, Vol. I V), Part II.

226 Honorary ana Corresponding Members.

of tlje pigott Collection of a>rafoing#,

The Lord Lieutenant of the County.

The Lord Bishop of the Diocese.

The Members of Parliament for the County.

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Eeptwentatite Cru^tee on tlje jarbri&ffe Coton

Col. WILLIAM LONG.

Kepretfentattte Cru^tee on tije 3| letter Colon

A. J. GOODFORD, ESQ.

anti Corresponding

Acland, Sir H. W., M.D,, Hegius Professor of Medicine, Oxford.

Babington, C. C., Esq., F.R.S., F.S.A., Professor of Botany, 5, Brook-
side, Cambridge.

Burrows, Montague, Esq., M.A., Chichele Professor of Modern His-
tory in the University of Oxford, and Captain, R.N.

Dawkins, W. Boyd, Esq., F.R.S., F.S.A., F.G.S., etc., Professor of
Geology, Owens College, Manchester, Woodhurst, Fallowtield,
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Swainswick Rectory, Bath.

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of publications.

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228 Corresponding Societies.

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list of sgemfcers for 1898,

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Acland Sir C. T. D. Bart., Holnicote, Taunton.
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v.p. (deceased).
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Adlam, William, F.S.A. Manor House, Chew Magna, Bristol
5 Aldridge, Rev. Preb. W. W. Weston-super-Mare
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10 Allen, F. J. M.D. Professor of Physiology, Mason College,

Birmingham

Allen, Miss, The Avenue, Taunton
Allhusen, Wilton, Pinhay, Lyme Regis
Altham, Mrs. Timbercombe, Aisholt, Bridgwatcr
Anderson, Rev. C. G. Otterhampton, Bridgwater (deceased)
15 Arnold, Rev. W. Burrowbridge, Bridgwater.

Ashworth-Hallet, Mrs. L. S. Clavcrton Lodge, Bathwick

Hill, Bath

Askwith, Rev. Preb. Taunton
Atkins, J. M. Wells
Austen, Rev. E. G. Penselwood, Bath

20 Aveline. H. T. S. Cotford, Norton Fitzivarren, Taunton.
Aveline, Wm. Talbot, 15, Kennington Terrace, Kennington

Park, London, S.E.

Badcock, Daniel, Kilvc Court, Bridgwater
fBadcock. H. J. Pitminster, Taunton, Trustee, Treasurer

Bagehot, Mrs. Walter, Herd's Hill, Langport
25 Bailey, Rev. J. D. Thornfalcon.

Bailward, T. H. M. Manor House, Horsington
fBaker, E. E., F.S.A. Weston-super-Marc
Baker, W. Proctor, Sandhill Park, Taunton
Baker, Rev. S. O. Campbell House, Clcvedon.
30 Baker, W. T. Bridawater

Baldwin, Rev. A. B. Middle Chinnock Rectory, Ilminstcr
Barker, E. V. P. Glastonbury (deceased)

230 List of Members for 1898.

Barnard, Miss Constance E. The Liberty ', Wells

Barnicott, Reginald, Taunton
35 Barnstaple Athenaeum, North Devon

Barrett, Jonathan, Taunton

Barrett, Major, Moredon House, North Carry

Barstow, J. Jackson, The Lodge, Weston-super-Mare

Bartlett, Rev. R. Grosvenor, Corfe Castle, Wareham, Dorset
40 Bartrum, J. S. 13, Gay Street, Bath

fBates, Rev. E. H. Packington Rectory, Ilminster

Bathurst, A. 2, New Square, Lincoln s Inn, London

Batten, Henry B. Aldon, Yeovil

Batten H. Gary G. Leigh Lodge, Abbots Leigh, Bristol
45 Batten, John Beardmore „ „ „

Batten, H. Phelips, Hollands, Yeovil
tBatten, John, F.S.A., Aldon, Yeovil, Trustee, v.r.

Batten, Lieut.-Col. J. Mount, Momington Lodt/e, West
Kensington, W.

Beames, J. Netherclay, Taunton
50 Beavan, Miss, Taunton

Beck, Rev. W. J. Sutton Montis, Sparkford.
*Beddoe, J., M.D., F.R.S. The Chantry, Brad ford-on- Avon

Bell, J. H. Dalton Lees, Huddersfield

Bell, Rev. W. A. Charlynch, Bridgwatcr
55 Bennett, Edgar, Hendford, Yeovil.

Bennett, Mrs. 2, Bradmore Road, Oxford

Bennett, T. O. Bruton

Bentley, F. J. R., Woodlands, Wellington

Bere, Charles, Milverton
60 Berkeley, Rev. G. W., Butleigh

Bernard, Rev. Canon, Wells

Bicknell, A. S. 23, Onslow Gardens, South Kensington

Birkbeck, Rev. W. J. Wcston-super-Mare

Bisdee, Alfred, Hutton Court, Weston-super-Mare
65 Blake, W. Bridge, South Petherton

Blakiston, A. A. Glastonbury

Blathwayt, Lieut.-Col. Linley, Eagle House, BatJieaston

Blathwayt, Rev. Wynter E. Dyrham, Cliippenham

Blathwayt, Rev. W. T.
70 Bond, Rev. R. S. Thome, Yeovil

Boodle, R. W. 20, Bclgrave Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham

Booker, Wm. Thomas, Wellington

Boston Public Library, Boston, U.S. America

Bothamley, Yen. Archdeacon, Richmond Lodge, Bath
75 Bothamley, C. H. Otterwood, Beaconsfield Road, Weston-
super-Mare

List of Members for 1898. 231

Bourdillon, E. D. Dinder House, Wells
Bouverie, H. H. P. Brymore House, Bridgwater
Bownes, Rev. James, Creech St. Michael
Boys, Rev. H. A. North Cadbury Rectory, Bath
80 Braikenridge, W. Jerdone, Clevedon, and 16, Royal Crescent,

Bath
f Bramble, Lieut.-Col., F.S.A. Seafield, Wcston-super-Marc

Trustee, General Secretary
Broadmead, W. B. Enmore Castle
Broderip, Edmund, Cossington Manor, Bridgwater
Brown, David, 7, Wellington Terrace, Taunton
85 Brown, F. W. Chardleigh Green, Chard

Brown, G. Gordon, 5, Greenhay Road, Liverpool
Brown, John, Wadeford, Chard
Brown, T. Loader, Chardleigh Green, Chard
Brown, W. H. M. Sherborne
90 Brownlow, Rt. Rev. Bishop, Bishop* s House, Park Place,

Clifton, Bristol

Brutton, J. 7, Princes Street, Yeovil
Buckle, Edmund, 23, Bedford Row, London, W.C.
Buckle, Rev. Canon, Wells
Bull, Rev. Thos. Williamson, Paulton
95 Bulleid, Arthur, F.S.A., Glastonbury
fBulleid, J. G. L. Glastonbury

Bulleid, G. L. Glastonbury
tBuller, Rev. Preb. W. E. North Curry

Bunny, J. Brice, Bishop 's Lydeard
100 Burridge, W. The Willows, Wellington

Bush, John, 9, Pembroke Road, Clifton, Bristol
Bush, R. C. 1, Winifred's Dale, Bath

Bush, Rev. T. C. Hornblotton Rectory, Castle Gary, Bath
Bush, Thos. S. Dale Cottage, Charlcombc, Bath
105 Butler, W. B. Taunton

Buttanshaw, Rev. Preb. J. 22, St. James* Square, Bath
Caillard, His Honour Judge, Wing field House, Trowbridge
Capel, J. P. Weston-super-Mare
Carlingford, The Rt. Hon. The Lord, K.P. The Priory,

Chewton Mendip, Bath (deceased)
110 Cartwright, Rev. A. R. Clevcdon

Cartwright, Rev. H. A. Whitcstaunton
tCash, J. O. Wincanton

Cayley, Rev. R. A. Stowell Rectory, Sherborne
Chaftey-Chaffey, Robert, East Stoke
115 Chaffey, Richard, Chard

Chafyn-Grove, G. Troyte, North Coker House, Yeovil

232 List of Members for 1898.

Chapman, Arthur Allan, Taunton
Cheetham, F. H. Tetton, Kingston, Taunton
tChisholm-Batten, Major J. F. Thornfalcon, Taunton,

Trustee

120tChurch, Eev. Canon, F.S.A. Sub-Dean, Wells
Clark, Frank J. Street
Clark, W. S. Street
Clarke, A. A. Wells
Clarke, C. P. Taunton

125 Clemow, C. E. Canon House., Taunton
Clerk, E. H. Burford, Shepton Mallet
Clive, J. Ronald, Combe Florey
Clothier, S. T. Street

jColeman, Rev. Preb. James, 2, Vicar s Close, Wells
ISOfColeman, Rev. J. J. Holcombe Rectory, Bath
Coles, Rev. V. S. S. Shepton Bcauchamp
Coif ox, Wm. Westmead* near Bridport
Collins, Rev. J. A. W. Newton St. Cyres, Exeter
Colthurst, Gr. E. Nortlifield, Taunton
135 Cooper, Rev. Sydney, Christ Church, Frome

tCork and Orrery, The Rt. Hon. The Earl of, K.P.

Marston, Frome, Patron
Corner, H. Taunton

Corner, Samuel, 95, Forest Road West, Nottingham
Corner, Edward, The Bower, Wellington
140 Cornish, Rev. Charles E. Redcliff Vicar aye, Bristol
Cornish, R. Cedar House, Axminster, Devon
Cotching, W. Gr. Taunton
Cottam, A. Basil, Bridgwater
Cox, H. Williton

145 Crawley-Boevey, Rev. R. L. Doynton Rectory, Bristol
Crespi, A. J. H., M.D. Cooma, Poole Road, Wimbornc
Cutler, Jonathan, Richmond House, Wellington
Dampier-Bide, Thos. Wm. Kingston Manor, Ycovil
Daniel, Rev. H. A. Manor House, Stockland Bristol,

Bridgwater
150 Daniel, Rev. Prebendary W. E. Horsington Rectory,

Templecombc

fDaniel, Gr. A. Nanney Court, Frome
|Dare, Chas. Wm. Fosse, North Curry

Daubeny, W. A. Cleveland*, near Dawlish
fDaubeny, W. Stratton House, Park Lane, Bath
155 Davies, Hitchings, Somcrton

Davies, J. Trevor, Newland House, Shcrborne
Davis, Major C. E. 55, Pulteney Street, Bath

List of Members for 1898. 233

Davis, Mrs. The Warren, North Curry

Day, H. C. A. Oriel Lodge, Walton, Bristol.
160 Dela Hey, Rev. E. Oldridge, Bathealton

Denham, George, Taunton

Denman, Thos. Isaac, Yeovil

Derham, Henry, Sncyd Park, Clifton, Bristol

Derham, Walter, 76, Lancaster Gate, London, W.
165 Dickinson, R. E. Bath

Dobree, S., The Briars, Baling, W.

Dobson, Mrs. Oakwood, Bathwick Hill, Bath

Doggett, H. Greenfield, Springhill, Leighwood, Clifton

Dowell, Rev. A. Gr.
170 Drayson, C. D. Courtlands, Taunton

Dray ton, W. Mountlands, Taunton

Duckworth, Rev. W. A. Orchardleiglt Park, Frome

Duder, John, Tregedna, The Avenue, Taunton

Dudman, Miss Catherine L. Pitney House, Langport
175 Dunn, William, Frome

Dupuis, Rev. Preb. T. C. Burnham

Dyke, C. P. Totteridge, Herts

Dymond, Rev. H. N. Chaffcombe, Chard

Dyson, Jno. Moorlands, Crewkerne
180 Eastlake, C. Locke, Long Sutton House, Langport

Easton, Richard, Taunton

Eberle, J. F. Ebor Villa, 96, Pembroke Road, Clifton

Eden, Mrs, The Grange, Kingston, Taunton

Edwards, Rev. A. G. Norton-sub-Hamdon, Ilminster
185|Edwards, Sir Geo. Wm. Sea Walls, Sneyd Park, Stoke

Bishop, Bristol, v.p.

tElton, C. I., Q.C., F.S.A. Manor House, Whitestaunton,
Trustee, v.p.

Elton, Rev. George G. Kingweston, Somerton
f Elton, Sir E. H. Bart. Clevedon Court, v.p.

Elton, W. Heathfield Hall, Taunton
190fElworthy, F. T. Foxdown, Wellington

Ernst, Mrs. Westcombe House, Evercrecch, Bath

Esdaile, C. E. J. Cothelstone

Esdaile, Geo. The Old Rectory, Platt-in-Rusholme,
Manchester

Esdaile, Rev. W. Sandford Orcas, Sherborne
195 Evans, Sir J., K.C.B., F.R.S. Nash Mills, Hernel Hempstead

Evans, W. H. Ford Abbey, Chard

Ewing, Mrs. Taunton

Fisher, Samuel, Homelands, Taunton

Fisher, W. H. Elmhurst, North-town, Taunton

Vol. XLIV (Third Series, Vol IV), Part II.

234 List of Members for 1898.

200 Fitz-Gerald, Major, J.P. Walton, Clevedon

Fligg, Wm. M.B. Weston-super-Mare

Foley, K. Y. Elmwood, Bridgwater

Foster, E. A. South Hill, King sker swell, Devon

Foster, F. C. Bridgwater
205 Foster, Major, Bloomficld House, Bath

Fowler, Rev. C. A. Walton-in-Gordano

Fowler, Wm. H. Claremont, Taunton

Fowler, Gerald „ „

tFox, C. H. Wellington
210 Fox, F. F. Yate House, Chipping Sodbury

Fox, Rev. J. C. Templecombe

Fox, Sylvanus, Linden, Wellington

Foxcroft, E. T. D. Hinton Charterhouse, Bath

Franklin, H. Taunton
215 Frome Literary Institute

Fry, The Rt. Hon. Sir Edwd., P.C., F.S.A.. late Lord
Justice of Appeal, Failand House, Long Ashton, Bristol

Fry, E. A. 172, Edmund Street, Birmingham

Fry, Mrs. „ „

Fry, Francis J. Cricket St. Thomas, Chard
220fGale, Rev. I. S. Clecve, Yatton

Galpin, Wm. Horwood, Wincanton

George, Frank, Top Corner, Park Street, Bristol

George, Rev. Philip Edward, Winifred House, Bath
tGeorge, Wm. St. Wulfstans, Durdham Park, Bristol,
225*Gibbs, Antony, Tyntesficld, Wraxall, Nailsea, R.S.O.
*Gibbs, Henry Martin, Barrow Court, Barrow Gnrney,
Bristol

Gibson, Rev. Prebendary, The Vicarage, Leeds

Gilford, J. Wm. Oaklands, Chard

Giles, A. H. Churchill Court, Churchill, R.S.O. , Somerset
230 Giles, W. J. 10, Sydney Terrace, Taunton

Gillett, A. Street "

Good, Thos. Bridgwater

fGoodford, A. J. Chilton Cantelo, llchcstcr, Trustee

Goodland, Charles, Taunton
235 Goodland, Thos, Taunton

Goodman, Albert, The Avenue, Taunton

Goodman, Edwin, Yarde House, Taunton
Gough, Wm. Langport

t Graf ton, Rev. Prebendary A. W. Castle Cary
240 Grant, Lady, Logic Elphinstone, Pitcnple, Aberdeenshire
Grant, Rev. C. Glastonbnry
Grant, Capt. The Chantry, Frome

List of Members for 1898. 235

Green, E., F.S.A. Devonshire Club, St. James' Street,

London, S.W.

Greswell, Rev. VV. H. P. Dodington
245 Grey, Geo. Duncan, LL.D. Bella Vista, Weston-super-

Mare

Gurney, Rev. H. F. S. Stoke St. Gregory
Haddon, Chas. Taunton
Hadwen, Walter R., M.D. Gloucester
Hall, Henry, 19, Doughty Street, Mecklenburgh Square,

London

250 Hall, Rev. H. F. Leasbrook, Dixton, Monmoiith
Hall, J. F., Sharcombe, Binder, Wells
Hamlet, Rev. J. Harrington

Hamling, J. G. The Close, Newport, Barnstaple
Hammet, W. J. St. Bernard's, Taunton
255 Hammett, A. Taunton

t Hancock, Rev. Preb. F., F.S.A. The Priory, Dimster
Harford, Wm. H., Old Bank, Bristol
Harford, Rev. Prebendary, Marston Bigot, Frome
Harrod, H. H. Manor House, Morebath, Twcrton
260 Harvey, John, Junr. Denmark Street, Clifton

Hatcher, Robert, Melville House, Middle Street, Taunton
. *Hawkesbury, The Rt. Hon. Lord, 2, Carlton House Ter-
race, Pall Mall, London, S. W.
fHayward, Rev. Douglas LI. Bruton

Heale, Rev. C. H. St. Decuman's, Watchct, Bridgwater
265 Healey, C. E. H. Chadwyck, Q.c. 119, Harley Street, IV.

and New Place, Porlock
Heathcote, Rev. S. J. Williton

Hellier, Rev. H. G. Nempnctt Rectory, Chew Stoke, Bristol
Hellier, Mrs. „ „ „

Helyar, Colonel, Poundisjord Lodge, Taunton
270 Henley, Colonel, C. H. Leigh House, Chard
fHerringham, Rev. Preb. W. W. Old Cleeve
tHervey, Rev. S. H. A.

Hewlett, Mrs. Preans Green, Worle, Weston-super-Mare
Hickes, Rev. T. H. F. Draycot
275 Higgins, John, Pulle, Shepton Mallet
Hill, B. H.

Hill, Chas. Clevedon Hall, Clevedon
Hill, Sir Edward, K.C.B., M.P., Rookwood, Llandaff, and

Hazel Manor, Compton Martin, Bristol
Hill, W. J. C. Langport

280 Hippisley, W. J., 15, New Street, Wells
fHobhouse, The Rt. Rev. Bishop, Wells

236 List of Members for 1898.

fHobhouse, H., M.P. Hadspen House, Castle Cart/, Trustee,

v.p.
Hobhouse, Rt. Hon. Lord, K.C.S.I. 15, Bruton Street,

London, W.

Hodgkinson, W. S. Glencot, Wells
285 Holland, W. T. The Lions, Bridgwater

Holloway, J. H. Erstfield, Wells
fHolmes, Rev. Preb. T. S. Wookey, Wells
Honnywill, Rev. J. E. W. Leigh-on-Mendip, Coleford,

Bath

fHood, Sir Alexander Acland, Bart, M.P., St. Audries,
290 Bridgwater, Trustee

fHook, Rev. Preb. W. Porlock
Home, Rev. Ethelbert, Downside Monastery, Bath
Horner, J. F. Fortescue, Mells
Hoskins, Ed. J. 76, Jermyn Street, London, W.
Hoskyns, H. W. North Perrot Manor, Crewkerne
295fHoskyns, Col. South. Pethcrton, v.p.
Houston, H. S. Lindenfels, Frame
Hudd, A. E., F.S.A. 94, Pembroke Road, Clifton
Hughes, Rev. F. L. Lydeard St. Lawrence
Humphreys, A. L. 187, Piccadilly, London, W.
SOOfHunt, Rev. W. 24, Phillimore Gardens, Campden Hill,

Kensington, W.

Hunt, Wm. Alfred, Pen, Yeovil

Husbands, H. Wessen, North Town House, Taunton
Hutchings, H. Sandford Orcas, Sherhorne (deceased)
fHylton, The Rt. Hon. the Lord, Ammerdown Park, Rod-
stock, Bath, v.p.

305 Hyson, Rev. J. B. Yeovilton, Ilchester
Impey, Miss E. C. Street
Inman, H. B. Pine House, Batheaston, BatJi
Inman, T. F. Kilkenny House, Bath
Isgar, R. Wells
310 Jacobs, M. Taunton

James, W. H. Weston-supcr-Ma,re
Jane, Wm. Congresbury

Jefferies, C. S. Sanforth, Highdale Road, Clevedon
Jennings, A. R. Taunton
315 Jex-Blake, The Very Rev. T. W., Dean of Wells, F.S.A.

The Deanery, Wells, v.p.

Jex-Blake, Arthur John, Magdalen College, Oxford
Johnson, Admiral, flames Hill, Taunton
Johnston, Joseph Nicholson, Hesketh House, Yeovil
Jones, J. E. Northwood, Rickmansworth

List of Members for 1898. 237

320 Jose, Rev. S. P. Churchill

Jose, Mrs. Churchill

Joseph, H. W. B. Woodlands House, Holjord, Bridy water
t Kelly, VV. M., M.I). Ferring, Worthing, Sussex

K el way, Wm. Laugport

325|Kennion, Rt. Rev. G. W., Lord Bishop of Bath and
Wells, The Palace, Wells, v.P.

Kettlewell, Wm. Harptree Court, East Harptree

King, Austin Joseph, 13, Queen Square, Bath

King, R. Moss, Ashcott Hill, Bridgwater

Kinglake, J. H., M.D. Taunton (deceased)
330 Kinglake, Rev. F. C. West Monkton

Kite, G. H. Taunton

Knight, F. A. Wintrath, Winscombc, Weston-super-Mare

Knight, R. Wellington

Lance, Chas. E. Stoke Court, Taunton
335 Lance, Rev. W. H. Buckland St. Mary, Chard

Langdon, Rev. F. E. W. Parrocks Lodge, Chard

Langdon, Mrs. Parrocks Lodge, Chard

Lawrence, Samuel, Forde House, Taunton

Lawson, Geo. 36, Craven Hill Gardens, London
340 Leigh, Henry, 3, Plowdcn Buildings, Temple, London

Leir, Rev. L. Randolph M. Charlton Musgrove, Wincanton

Leng, W. L. 14, Church Street, Bridgwatcr

Lethbridge, Sir Wroth A., Bart. Sandhill Park, Bishop's
Lydeard

Lewis, Archibald M. 3, Upper Byron Place, Clifton
345 Lewis, Josiah, Taunton

Lewis, Murray, Taunton

Lewis, William, 12, North Gate Street, Bath

Liddon, Edward, M.D. Taunton

Liddon, Rev. Henry John, Taunton
350 Livett, H. W., M.D. Wells

Lock, John, Taunton

Lock, William, Lewis House, Staplegrove, Taunton

Long, Col. Congresbury, Bristol

Louch, J. Langport
355 Loveday, J. G. Weirficld, Taunton

Loveday, Mrs. „ „

Lovibond, G. The Friars, Bridgwater

Lovibond, Mrs. The Grange, Langport

Ludlow, Walter, Alcombe, Dunster
360|Luttrell, G. F. Dunster Castle, v.P.

Lyte, Sir Henry Maxwell, K.C.B., F.S.A. 3, Portman
Square, London, W.

238 List of Members for 1898.

Macdermott, Miss, 20, The Crescent, Taunton

Macdonald, J. A., M.D. Taunton

Macmillan, W. Castle Cary
365 Macmillan, A. S. The Avenue, Yeovil

Maggs, F. R. Princes Street, Ycoril

Major, Charles, Wembdon, Bridgwater

Malet, T. H. W. 23, Trafalgar Square, Chelsea, S. W.

Mapleton, Rev. H. M. Badgworth, We»ton~super-Mare
370 Marshall, Rev. Hugh John

Marshall, Wilfred George, Norton Manor, Taunton

Marson, Mrs. Hambridge Vicarage, Curry Rivel

Marwood, J. B. Eastcott, 86, Boston Road, Hanwell,
Middlesex

Marriott, H. M. Heale House, Curry Rivel
375 Master, Rev. Or. S. Bourton Grange, Flax-Bonrton, Bristol

Mathew, Rev. M. A. Buckland Dinham, Frome

Mawer, A. Jefferay, Kelston, Wcston-super-Mare

May, Rev. W. D.

tMaynard, Alfred, Henley Lodge, Taunton
380 Maynard, Howard „

McAuliffe, W. J. Taunton

McConnell, Rev. C. J. Pylle Rectory. Shepton Mallet

Mead, Francis H. M.D. 1855, Fourth Street, San Diego,
California, U.S.A.

Meade, Francis, The Hill, Langport
385 Meade-King, R. Liddon, M.D. 'Taunton

Meade-King, Walter, 11, Baring Crescent, Heavitrce,
Exeter.

Medley, Rev. J. B. Tyntesfield, Bristol

Medlycott, Sir E. B., Bart. Yen, Milborne Port

Mellor, Right Hon. J. W., M.P., Q.C. Culmhead, Taunton
390 Meredith, J., M.D. Wellington

Michell, Rev. A. T. Sheriff hales Vicarage, Newport, Salop

Mildmay, Rev. A. St. John, Hazclgrovc Park, Queen

Camel, Bath
t Mitchell, F. Chard

Mitchell, Gr. W. 76, Beulah Hill, Upper Norwood, London
395 Monday, A. J. Taunton

Moore, F. S. Castle Gary

Morland, John, Glastonbury

Mullins, Mrs. The Glebe, PTeston-supcr-Mare

Mullins, Miss „ „

400 Murray-Anderdon, H. E. Henlade, Taunton, and 27,
Sloane Gardens, London

Naylor, J. R., C.S.I. Cadbury House, Yatton

List of Members for 1898. 239

Newell, Rev. Preb. C. F, Chiselboraugh Rectory, Stoke-
undcr-Ham

Newell, Major H. L. „ „ „

Newnharn, Capt. N. J. Blaydon Court, Bristol
405 New York Public Library, 'Astor Library Buildings, N.Y.

Newton, F. M. Barton Grange, Taunton

Nicol, Herbert, Poundisford Park., Taunton

Nichols, James

Nicholson, Rev. Preb. J. Y. Aller Rectory, Langport
410 Norman, Col. Compton, Taunton

Norman, G. 12, Brock Street, Bath
jNorris, Hugh, South Petherton

Odgers, Rev. J. E. 145, Woodstock Road, Oxford

O'Donoghue, Henry O'Brien, Long Ashton
415 Olivey, H. P. North Carry

Ommanney, Rev. Preb. G. D. W. 29, Beaumont Street,
Oxford

O'Neill, Rev. J. M. Wembdon, Bridgwater
fPaget, The Rt. Hon. Sir Richard 'H., Bart., r.c. Cran-
more Hall, Shcpton Mallet, v.p.

Palmer, H. P. Wellington Terrace, Taunton
420 Parsons, H. F., M.D. 4, Park Hill Rise, Croydon, Surrey

Pass, A. C. Haivthornden, Clifton Down, Bristol

Paul, A. D. Chard

Paul, R. W. 3, Arundel Street, Strand, London, W.C.

Paynter, J. B. Hendford Manor House, Yeovil
425 1 Peacock, Rev. E. Rochfield Nunney, Frome

Peace, A. Silver Craig, Weston-super-Mare

Peake, Rev. George Eden, Over Stowcy, Bridgwater

Pearce, Edwin, Taunton

Pearse, Rev. Beauchamp K. W. The Old Rectory, Ascot,

Staines
430 Peirson, Rev. E. G. Exford Rectory, Dunster

Penny, Rev. C. W. Shute End House, Wokingham, Berks
(deceased)

Penny, Rev. E. L, D.D., R.N. Coryton, Pcntillic Road,
Plymouth

Penny, Rev. James Alpass, Wupington Vicarage, Horn-
castle, Lincolnshire

Penny, T. Taunton
435 Perceval, Cecil H. Spencer, Severn House, Henhnry, Bristol

Percival, Rev. S. E. Merriott Vicarage, Crewkcrne

Perfect, Rev. H. T. Stanton Drew

Perkins, A. E. Taunton

Perry, Lieut.-Col. J. Crewkcrne

240 List of Members for 1898.

440 Perry, Rev. C. R., B.D. Mickfield Rectory, Stowmarket
*Petherick, E. A., F.K.G.S. 85, Hopton Road, Strcatham,

London, S.W.

Phelips, W. R. Montacute House, Montacute, S.O., Sow.
Phillips, Rev. Theodore E. R. Hcndford, Yeovil
Phillis, John, 31, High Street, Shcpton Mallet
445 Philp, Capt. Pendogget, Timsbury, Bath

tPinney, Col. Wm. Somerton Erleigh, v.r. (deceased)
Pittman, J. Banks, Basing House, Basinghall Street,

London, E. C.

Pitt-Rivers, Lt.-Gen., F.K.S., F.S.A. Rushmorc, Salisbury
Plowman, Miss, Green way, North Curry
450 Poole, H. R. South Petherton

Poole, Rev. Robert Blake, Ilton Vicarage, Ilminstcr
Poole, Wm. Park Street, Taunton
Pooll, R. P. H. Batten, Road Manor, Bath
Pope, John, Noivers, Wellington
455 Porch, J. A. Edgar ley House, Glastonbury

Portman, Hon. E. W. B. Hcstercombe, Taunton
jPortman, The Rt. Hon. The Viscount, Bryanstonc House,

Dorset, v.r.

Potter, Wm. 12, The Crescent, Taunton
Powell, Septimus, The Hermitage, IVeston-supcr-Marc
460 Prankerd, P. D. The Knoll, Sneyd Park, Bristol
Price, R. E. Broonifield Hall, Bridywater
Prideaux, C. S., L.D.S., K.C.S., Eng. Corn/till, Dorchester
Prideaux, W. de C.

fPring, Rev. Daniel J. Wilton, Taunton
465 Prior, R. C. A., M.D. Halsc
Quicke, Rev. C. P. Ashbrittlc
Raban, Rev. R, C. W. Bishop's Hull

*Ramsden, Sir John Wm., Bart. Bnlstrode, Gerrard's
Cross, Bucks, 6, Upper Brook Street, London, and
Byram, Yorkshire
Rankine, A.
470 Rashleigh, E. Colman, Taunton

Rawle, E. J. Camdcn Villa, Chislchurst, Kent
Raymond, Walter, Yeovil
Reeves, A. Taunton

Risk, Rev. J. E. Stocklcigh English, Crediton, Devon
475 Richardson, Rev. A. Brislington

Rigden, G. W. Cyprus Terrace, Taunton
Risley, S. Norris

Rixon, W. A. Alfojcton Park, Holford, Bridg water
Roberts, F. W. Northbrook Lodge, Taunton

List of Members for 1898. 241

480 Roberts, Killam, M.R.C.S., Eng. Shillington, Bedfordshire

Rocke, Mrs. Chalice Hill, Glastonbury

Rogers, (jr. H. 16, Park Street, Taunton

Rogers, The Worshipful Chancellor, T. E. Yarhngton
House, Wincanton

Rogers, W. H. H. F.S.A. Bellevue, Polsloc Road, Exeter
485 Rose, ReAr. W. F. Hutton, Weston-supcr-Mare

Rossiter, G. F., M.B. Weston-supcr-Mare

Rowe, J. Brooking, F.S.A. Castle Barbican, Plympton,
Devon.

Rowley, W. L. P. Brazenose College, Oxford, and Wool-
avington

Ruddock, Miss Fanny M. Elmfield, Clerjcdon
490 Ruegg, Lewis H. Westbury, Sherborne, Dorset

Rutter, Rev. J. H. Ilminster

Salmon, Ven. Archdeacon E. A. Brent Knoll, Highbridgc

Samson, C. H. Taunton

fSanford, W. A. Nynehead Court, Wellington, v.P. Trustee
495 Sanford, E. C. A.

Saunders, G. Jun. Lydeard House, Taunton

Sawyer, Col. E. Hinton St. George

Scott, Rev. J. P. Wcy House, Taunton

Scott, M. H. 5, Lansdown Place West, Bath
500fSeale, Rev. F. S. P. Pitminstcr

Sealy, W. H. Heatlifield House, Norton Fitzivarrcn,

Taunton.
tSears, R. H. Priory House, Taunton (deceased)

Semple, W. Rae Mac-Phun, M.B. Ch. M. Yeovil

Sheldon, Thomas, Clevedon
505 Shore, Capt. The Hon. Henry N. Mount Elton, Clevedon

Short, John, Provis, Bat combe, Bath

Shum, F. 17, Norfolk Crescent, Bath

Sibley, J. P. Highclere House, Taunton

Skinner, Stephen, M.B. Tranent Lawn, Clevedon
olOfSkrine, H. D. Claverton Manor, Bath, v.P.

Skrine, H. M. Warleigh Manor, Bath

Slade, Wyndham, Monty s Court, Taunton
tSloper, E. Dashivood House, Broad Street, London

Sly, E. B. Glastonbury
515 Smith, A. J. North Street, Taunton

Smith, F. Buchanan, Haines Hill, Taunton
t Smith, Rev. Gilbert E. Bprton St. David

Smith, Wm., M.D. Wcy hill, Andover

Smith, J. H. W. Rosencath, Taunton
520 Smith, W. Carleton, Chiplcy, Wellington

Vol. XLIV( Third Strits, Vol. IV), Part II. hh

242 List of Members for 1898.

t Smith, Rev. A. H. A. The Vicarage , Lyny

Smith, Major, Lyny

Somers, B. E. Mendip Lodye, Lanyford, Bristol

Somerville, A. F. Dinder, Wells
525 Sommerville, R. G. Cveechbarrow, Taiiuton

Southall, H. The Craig, Ross

Southam, Rev. J. H. Trull

Sparks, William, Crewkerne

Speke, W. Jordans, Ilminstcr
530 Spencer, Frederick, Pondsmcad, Oakhill, Bath

Spencer, J. H. Corfe, Taunton

Spicer, Northcote W. Chard

Spiller, H. J. Taunton

Spiller, Miss, Sunny Bank, Bridywatcr
535 Standley, A. P. Rossall School, Flcctwood

t Stanley, E. J., M.P. Quant ock Lodge, Bridywatcr, Trustee,

President.
*Stanley, H. T. Quantock Lodge, Bridywatcr

Stanway, Moses, Park Street, Taunton

Steevens, A. Taunton
540 Stephenson, Rev. Preb. J. H. Lympsham

Stevens, E. W. 4, Birch Grove, Taunton

Stoate, Wm. Bclmont, Burnham
tStrachey, Sir E., Bart., Suit on Court, Pensford, Bristol, v.P.

Stradling, Rev. W. J. L. Chilton-supcr-Poldcn
545 Stringfellow, A. H. The Chestnuts, Taunton

Stuckey, Vincent, Hill House, Lanyport

Sully, Christopher W. Wembdon Road, Bridywatcr

Sully, T. N. Downleaze, Sncyd Park, Bristol

Sully, J. Norman, Bridywatcr
550 Sully, G. B. Bclmont, Burnham

Summerfield, William, St. George s Villa, Taunton

Surrage, E. J. Rocke, 1, Garden Court, Temple, London
fSweetman, Geo. Wincanton

Tanner, Rev. T. C. Burlescombc Vicarayc, Wellington
555 Taplin, T. K. Mount House, Milrcrton

Tarr, Francis John, Roscncath, IVillsbridyc, near Bristol

Taylor, Thomas, Taunton

Taylor, Rev. A. D. Churchstanton

Taylor, Rev. C. S. Banwcll, R.S.O., Somerset
560 Taylor, Rev J. H. lie Abbots

fTemple, lit. Hon. Earl, Newton. HOHXC, Bristol, Trustee

Thatcher, A. A. Midsomer Norton, Bath

Thatcher, Edward J. Firfield House, Kiwwlc, Bristol

Thomas, C. E. Granville, Lansdown, Bath

List of Members for 1898. 243

565 Thompson, A. 8. 10, Greenway Avenue, Taunt on

Thompson, Rev. Archer, Montrose, Weston Park, Bath

Thompson, H. Stuart, 30, Waterloo Street, Birmingham

Thomson, Rev. G. O. L. Merton Vicaraqe, Bicester

Thring, Rev. Preb. Godfrey, Plonk's Hill, Shamlcy Green,

Guild ford

570 Tilley, J. A. C. 63, Cheyne Court, Chelsea
tTite, C.

Tite, Mrs.

Todd, D'Arcj, 36, Norfolk Square, Hyde Park, London, W.

Toft, Rev. H. Axlridc/e
oTotTomkins, Rev. H. G. Weston-super-Mare

Tomkins, Rev. W. S. 33, Canynye. Square, Clifton, Bristol

Tordiffe, Rev. Stafford, Staplegrove

Trask, Charles, Norton, Ilminster

Trenchard, W. J. Heidelberg House, Mary Street, Taunton
580fTrevilian, E. B. Cely, Midelncy Place, Drayton, v.p.

Trevilian, Mrs. Midelney Place, Curry Rivel

Tucker, W. J. Chard

Tuckett, F. F. Frenchay, Bristol

Turner, H. G. Staplegrove, and 19, Sloanc Gardens,

London, S.W.
585 Tynte, Halswell M. Kemeys, Halswell, Bridgwatcr

Tynte, St. David Kemeys, Sherwood, Goat hurst

Ussher, W. A. E., H.M. Geological Surrey

Utterson, Major-Gen. Sidhrook, Taunton

Valentine, E. W. Somerton
590 Vile, J. G. Wilton Lodge, Taunton

Villar, Mrs. W. J. Tauntfield, Taunton

Wadmore, Rev. J. A. W. Barrow Gurncy, Bristol

Wainwright, Chas. Summerleaze, Shcpton Mullet

Wait, H. W. K. 13, Paragon, Clifton
595tWakefield, J. E. W. Taunton

Waldron, Clement, Llandajf, S. Wales

Walter, W. W. Stoke-sub-Hamdon

Warry, G. D., Q.c. Shapwick

Warry, Henry Cockeram, The Cedars, Preston Road,

Yeovil
600 Watts, B. H. 13, Queen Square, Bath

Weaver, Chas. Uplands, St. Johns Road, Clifton
f Weaver, Rev. F. W. Milton Clevedon, Evercreech, General
Secretary

Welch, C. 21, Ellesker Gardens, Richmond, Surrey

Wells, The Dean and Chapter
605 Wells, Theological College

244 List of Members for 1898.

Were, F. Gratwickc Hall, Barrow Gurney, Bristol

West, Rev. W. H. 25, Pulteney Street, Bath

Westlake, W. H. Taunton

Whale, Rev. T. W. Weston, Bath
610 Whistler, Rev. C. W., M.R.C.S. Stockland, Bridgwater

White, Saml. The Holt, Mountlands, Taunton *

Whitting, C. Gr. Glandorc, Weston-supcr-Mare

Wickenden, F. B. Tone House, Taunton

Wickham, Rev. A. P. Martock
6 15f Williams, Rev. Wadham Pigott, Weston-super-Mare

Williams, Thos. Webb, Flax-Bourton

Wilkinson, Rev. Thos. The Manse, Taunton

Wills, H. H. W. Barley Wood, Wrington

Wills, Sir W. H. Bart., M.P. Coonibe Lodge, Blagdon,

R.S.O., Somerset
620 Wilson, Rev. W. C. Huntspill

Willcocks, A. D. Taunton

Winter, Major, Yorke House, Bideford
fWinterbotham, W. L., M.B. Bridg water

Winwood, Rev. H. H. 11, Cavendish Crescent, Bath
625 Winwood, T. H. R. IVellisford Manor, Wellington

Wood, Alexander, The Laurels, Horsham, Sussex

Wood, F. A. Highjield, Chew Magna

Wood, Rev. W. Berdmore, Bicknollcr Vicarage

Woodforde, Rev. A. J. Locking Vicarage, West on-super-

Mare

630 Wooler, W. H. Weston-super-Mare
fWorthington, Rev. J. Taunton

Wright, W. H. K. Free Lihrary, Plymouth

Wyatt, J. W. Eastcourt, Wookey, Wcston-super-Mare

Members are requested to inform "The Secretaries, Taunton Castle" of any
errors or omissions in the above list ; they are also requested to authorise
their Bankers to pay their subscriptions annually to Stuckey's Banking
Company, Taunton ; or to either of their branches ; or their respective
London Agents, on account of the Treasurer.

mules.

^T^HIS Society shall be denominated "THE SOMERSETSHIRE
X ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY;" and its
object shall be the cultivation of, and collecting information on,
Archaeology and Natural History in their various branches, but more
particularly in connection with the County of Somerset, and the
establishment of a Museum and Library.

VI. — The affairs of the Society shall be directed by the Committee
(of which the Officers of the Society will be ex-officio Members)
which shall hold monthly Meetings for receiving Reports from the
Secretaries and sub-Committees, and for transacting other necessary
business ; three of the Committee shall be a quorum. Members may
attend the Monthly Committee Meetings after the official business
has been transacted.

VII. — The Chairman at Meetings of the Society shall have a
casting vote, in addition to his vote as a Member.

246 Rules.

VIII. — One (at least) of the Secretaries shall attend each Meeting,
and shall keep a record of its proceedings. The property of the
Society shall be held in Trust for the Members by twelve Trustees,
who shall be chosen from the Members at any General Meeting.
All Manuscripts and Communications and other property of the
Society shall be under the charge of .the Secretaries.

IX. — Candidates for admission as Members shall be proposed by
two Members at any of the General or Committee Meetings, and
the election shall be determined by ballot at the next Committee or
General Meeting ; three-fourths of the Members present balloting
shall elect. The Rules of the Society shall be subscribed by every
person becoming a Member.

X. — Ladies shall be eligible as Members of the Society without
ballot, being proposed by two Members and approved by the majority
of the Meeting.

XI. — Each Member shall pay Ten Shillings and Sixpence on
admission to the Society, and Ten Shillings and Sixpence as an
annual subscription, which shall become due on the first of January
in each year, and shall be paid in advance.

XII. — Donors of Ten Guineas or upwards shall be Members for
life.

XIII. — At General Meetings of the Society the Committee may
recommend persons to be balloted for as Honorary and Corresponding
Members.

XIV. — When an office shall become vacant, or any new appoint-
ment shall be requisite, the Committee shall have power to fill up
the same : such appointments shall remain in force only till the next
General Meeting, when they shall be either confirmed or annulled.

XVII. — Papers read at Meetings of the Society, may (with the
Author's consent and subject to the discretion of the Committee) be
published in the Proceedings of the Society.

XVIII. — No religious or political discussions shall be permitted at
Meetings of the Society.

Rules. 247

littles for tlje (gotenrnunt of t|e

3 — Every application by any Member who shall not attend in
person for the loan of any book or books shall be in writing.

6. — All cost of the packing, and of the transmission and return of
the book or books borrowed, shall in every case be defrayed by the
Member who shall have borrowed the same.

248 Rules.

1 1. — No book shall be lent out until one month after the acquisition
of it for the Library.

14. — No book Shall be lent to any person not being a Member of
the Society without a special order of the Committee.

15. — Before any Member can borrow a book from the Library, he
must acknowledge that he consents to the printed Rules of the
Society for the Government of the Library.

*,,.* It is requested that contributions to the Museum or Library be
sent to the Curator, at the Taunton Castle.

for tjje Jormation of focal grautfe Storiettes.

1 — On the application of not less than Five Members of the
Society the Council may authorise the formation of a Local Branch
in any District, and may, if considered advisable, define a specific
portion of the County as the District to such Branch.

Rules. 249

2. — Societies already in existence, may, on application from the
governing bodies, be affiliated as Branches.

3. — All Members of the Parent Society shall be entitled to become
Members of any Branch.

4. — A Branch Society may elect Local Associates not necessarily
Members of the Parent Society.

5. — Members of the Council of the Parent Society, being Members
of, and residing within the District assigned to any Branch, shall be
ex-officio Members of the Council of such Branch.

7. — A Branch Society shall not be entitled to pledge the credit of
the Parent Society in any manner whatsoever.

8. — The authority given by the Council may at any time be with-
drawn by them, subject always to an appeal to a General Meeting.

9. — Every Branch Society shall send its Publications and the Pro-
grammes of its Meetings to the Parent Society, and in return shall
receive a free copy of the Parent Society's Proceedings.

1 1 . — Any Officer of a Branch Society, or any person recommended
by the President, Vice-President, Chairman or Secretary, or by any
Two of the Members of the Council of a Branch Society, shall on the
production of proper Vouchers be allowed to use the Library of the
Society, but without the power of removing books except by the
express permission of the Council.

12. — Branch Societies shall be invited to furnish Reports from
time to time to the Parent Society with regard to any subject or
discovery which may be of interest.

December, 1898.

Vol. XL IV (Third Series, Vol. IV), Part II.

DA Somersetshire Archaeological
670 and Natural History Society
SA9S6 Proceedings
Y.43-44

PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE
CARDS OR SLIPS FROM THIS POCKET

UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY

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