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THE 1
PUBLIC LIBE

ASTOR, LENOX
TILDEN bOUNDATIONS

SOUTH BEND

AND

THE MEN WHO HAVE MADE IT,

Historical, Descriptive, Biographical.

ILLUSTRATED.

Compiled by
ANDERSON & COOLEY.

SOUTH BEND:

THE TRIBUNE PRINTING CO.

1901.

NEW YORK

-■ LLNOX AND
,, FOUNDATIONS

1918 L

PRESS OF THE TRIBUNE PRINTING CO.
SOUTH BEND, IND.

H\ permission o( publishers ol " La Sulle in the Valley of the St. Joseph "

No longer Monarch of ti\e scene,

He looks -witr( sad, prophetic eyes,

flrid sees— -wriere orice Y\is realrr\ i\ad been—
Tl^e nqoderri city in its grandeur rise,

Historical Painting in St. Joseph County Court House. Liy permission of Arthur Thomas, Artist, N. Y.

LA SALLE AT THE PORTAGE, DECEMBER 5TH, 1679.

SOUTH BEND.

SOUTH BEND! No inland city on the
American continent has attained greater
renown or displayed more fully those
sterling virtues of modern manhood and human
progress, than has this beautiful city located on
the banks of the magnificent and picturesque
St. Joseph river.

No fairer spot for the location of a thriving
city could have been selected, and to-day no
more flourishing city is to be found than
South Bend, the pride of Indiana and the home
of some of the greatest manufacturing estab-
lishments of the world. It is surrounded by
an agricultural region which is unsurpassed in
fertility and natural beauty, while through the
city flows one of the most fascinatingly beau-
tiful rivers on the continent. The "old St. Joe"
has been the admiration and inspiration of poet
and painter alike, and its sparkling waters and
swift running current has furnished the

motive power for some of the largest manu-
factories in the country.

South Bend is most charmingly situated, on
what was once a level plain covered with white
oak trees, skirted on the one side by a range of
beautiful hills, and by the broad Kankakee
valley on another, while gently rolling
prairies in another direction extend almost to
the border line of the city.

It is scarcely a matter for wonder that this
great city of nearly 40,000 inhabitants has
sprung from an obscure Indian trading post in
the wilderness of northern Indiana almost
within the existence of a single individual.
South Bend to-day is the fourth largest city in
Indiana, and by far the largest on the great
railway lines between Chicago, Toledo and
Detroit. It is located not far from the famous
water shed where the Kankakee river rises,
and flowing down through the wide valley

SOUTH BEND.

reaches the Mississippi river and leading to
the Gulf of Mexico.

On the opposite side of this shed flows a
slight ridge or rivulet and its current is carried
into the St. Joseph river through the great
lakes to the River St. Lawrence and thence to
the Atlantic Ocean.

South Bend is located on historic ground
for near its northern boundary is the place

KOBERT CUEVALIEU HE LA SALLE.

where the first white man who came to explore
this region of the country first landed upon the
soil of Indiana.

According to reliable historians it was in 1679
that Robert Cavalier de LaSalle. with his party
of explorers came from Lake Michigan up the
St. Joseph river to the old Indian portage, an.l
crossing over to the head waters of the Kanka-
kee river, journeyed down that stream to the
Illinois river, and thence on to the Mississippi,
on his perilous but important tour of discovery.
The St. Joe at that time was called the "River
of the Miamis," by the Indian tribe of that
name which inhabited this region of country.

Other Europeans had essayed this passage of
the western wilderness before LaSalle. and
Fathers Allouez. Dablon and Marquette had
reached the Mississippi by the way of the
Wisconsin. Chicago and Illinois rivers.
LaSalle, however, was the first to seek the
Kankakee route, and he brought with him a
Mohegan Indian from New England, who knew
the route to the Mississippi by the portage
from the St. Joseph to the Kankakee river,
which was known to all the tribes of American
Indians as the shortest one from the great

lakes to "the great river" that flows into the
gulf.

At that time the Miamis had a large village
at the head of the portage on what is now the
western border of Portage prairie, in German
township, and while here LaSalle. by his
eloquence and generosity, averted a war
between the Miamis, the Illinois and the
Iroquois tribes of Indians.

PIONEER SETTLERS.

The pioneer settler of South Bend was Pierre
F.Navarre an educated Frenchman from Michi-
gan, who came here in 1820 and established a
trading post for the American Fur Company.
He built the first habitation for a white man in
South Bend, which is still standing and estab-
lished his trading store on the east side of the
river near Michigan street, and in close prox-
imity to the spot where Samuel Leeper's
residence now stands. The Pottowatomie
Indians were then the sole inhabitants of this
region of this country, the Miamis haviDg
migrated southward to the vicinity of the
Wabash and near Fort Wayne and Toledo.

Although the main portion of the tribe was
located further south in Marshall and Fulton
Counties they all came to South Bend in
order to reach the trading posts at Niles and
St. Joseph, and every spring and autumn
they passed this point in numbers with great
loads of furs, maple sugar, baskets and other
articles to exchange for money and whiskey.
The old trails of those days have now be-
come city streets and main highways. Vis-

JBJ

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HIP* Xri

***** **8i

wL;v Jfi

ST. JOE FALLS.

tula avenue, along the river to the Turkey
Creek road, and almost southeast in a dired
line, was the Fort Wayne trail. Michigan
street marks another of these trails, and led
to the Pottowatomie settlements in Marshall
County, around Maxinkuckee lake. Others

SOUTH BEND.

there were on Michigan and Portage avenues
leading west and northwest, the old Sumption
Prairie road that went to Plymouth, and an-
other which, leaving the old portage road,
went along the line of what is now the Crum's
Town road.

Pierre F Navarre was popluar with the
Indians, and soon after his arrival he married
a Pottowatomie squaw, and raised a family of
six children, one of whom became a Mormon
preacher and lawyer, and another, Anthony
Navarre, became prominent as a lawyer and
teacher. Navarre accompanied the Indians
when they were deported west in 1840, but he
returned to this city where he died in 186-;

the fact that its hanks were the abode of num-
erous herds of elk.

The pristine beauty and luxuriance of the
St. Joseph valley was then virtually undis-
turbed by the progressive and civilizing hand
of man, and the scene was surpassingly beau-
tiful everywhe: e in its natural grandeur and
barbaric simplicity. The prairies in their
summer robes were clothed with rank grasses,
studded and starred with flowers of various
hues, and the oak forests, cleared of under-
brush by the annual Indian fires, were like
vast plains canopied by the luxuriant over-
hanging branches. Prairie chickens swarmed
the Kankakee marsh and prairies, and the

THE OLD PORTAGE, OPPOSITE RIVERVIEW CEMETERY.

Northern Indiana was at this time a verit-
able paradise of the Indians, the hunter and
the trapper. The furs and peltry contrib-
uted by this region to the American Fur
Company was largely in excess of any other
region, and consisted of deer, wolf, black bear,
fox, mink, otter, wild cat. raccoon and musk-
rat. They abounded within a radius of not
more than fifty miles from South Bend. The
moss and flag houses of the prolific beaver
studded the open marshes everywhere, and
this region was also the favorite haunt of the
elk and buffalo, and Elkhart river received
its name, during the aboriginal period, from

Indians revelled in all the delights of nature
and her lavish productions.

This was the condition of the St. Joseph val-
ley in those early days. The axe and plow
were yet to come. The subjugation ot the wil-
derness was yet to be begun by these men of
vigorous mould and energy who came later and
who made "the wilderness to blossom as the
rose." They did not come like the early-
traders to barter with the savages, or the
hunter to follow the chase. They were of the
race that founded empires and reared the
standards of civilization, and they came to
build up homes for themselves and their

SOUTH BEND.

posterity. They were obliged to struggle hard,
but their mothers, wives and daughters aided
in the struggle.

The sons and fatheis, with axe and saw. and
plow and hoe, toiled from sun 10 sun to pro-
vide for the wants of those around them, an 1
the women shared their trials and nardships.
The heavy sward of the prairie was turned
and sowed to kindly crops, and the great king
of commerce, the waving corn, a ose in the
fields to contribute to the sustenance of the
toilers and their kin. Then followed the mer-
chant, the artisan and the mechanic, and all
contributed to the onward march of civiliza-
tion and progress.

In a few years the entire aspect was
changed. As if by the hand of a magician the
school house was reared; churches opened
their doors to the devotees; roads were con-
structed, villages were laid out and all the
appliances of civilization, order, progress and
prosperity were set in motion. Mills were
erected along the flowing river, factories were
built at available points and boats were
lunched upon the streams.

Then followed the railroad and the tele-
graph, and in a few more years gigantic in-
dustries were developed from the primitive
shops; thousands came to take the place of
the ambitious few; the domain of the city
extended, and then came the wealth, the refine-
ment, the culture, and the grand development
of the great present.

It would seem as if a leaf had been torn
from some dream of Fairyland, but it is simply
the actual history of the time, and some of
those who labored and planned in these old
days of struggle and hardship, are yet living
to recount the wonderful stoiy, and to empha-
size the greatness of man, and the results
which are possible of accomplishment by his
genius, industry and intelligence.

THE FIRST WHITE SETTLER.

Alexis Coquillard was the first white man to
settle here and he came to this locality in
1823, with the intention of making it his per-
manent abode. He was a native of Detroit,
and was twenty-eight years old when he came
to South Bend. His wife was formerly Miss
Frances C. Comparet, also of Detroit, and she
followed her husband to this wilderness the
following year. He was a stalwart Frenchman,
six feet in height and heavily built. He was
fearless and energetic and the Indians soon
learned to respect, if not to fear, him. Mrs.
Coquillard was a lady of great courage and
was a valuable aid to her sturdy husband in
their pioneer life. She was ever active in

assisting and teaching the Indians who were
all her devoted friends.

Mr. Coquillard came here as the agent of
the American Fur Company, having, in con-
nection with Francis Comparet of Fort Wayne,
purchased the agency of the Fur Company for
all the region of the upper lakes. Subse-
quently they purchased the exclusive control
of these regions. At South Bend, Mr. Coquil-
lard was located near the Water street bridge
on Michigan street. The influence of his great
personality was soon manifest, and afterward,
in connection with Col. L. M. Taylor, he be-
came the owner of all the land upon whi< !i
the city of South Bend now stands. At every
stage of progress he was an inspiring factor.

ALEXIS COQUILLAKD.

and he contributed largely to the growth of
the future city. He granted lands to manufac-
toiies, to churches and for the erection of
school houses, and was ever active in promot-
ing the interests of the city. He owned the
water power on the river and constructed the
famous Kankakee race, and in 1839, in connec-
tion with John A. Henricks and John Rush,
under a grant from the legislature, he built the
first flouring mill in South Bend, which was
known as the Kankakee Custom mill.

He had previously constructed a saw mill,
and later he built a second flour mill called
the Merchant's Mill, which was afterward re-
moved and converted into a woolen factory.
lie erected buildings both lor residence and

SOUTH BEND.

business purposes, and the advancement of
the town and his townsmen was his chief aim
and desire. He toiled for the prosperity and
development of the city, and was evey ready
to assist the new owner who brought intelli-
gence and industry into this new field of
civilization.

He made a study of the Indian character
and knew it well. He understood their sev-
eral languages and won their unlimited confi-
dence and respect, and he was selected as
interpreter and government agent to carry
into effect the various treaties made with the
Ottawa, Chippewa. Miami, Chicago and San-
dusky .Indians. He successfully conducted
the treaties at Tippecanoe, Chicago and other
places after the peace of 1814, and was ap-
pointed in 1840 to conduct the Pottowatomie
emigration, which he accomplished at a heavy
personal outlay, and loss, through the duplici-
ty of a trusted agent named Alverson, who
defrauded him of the $40 000 paid by the gov-
ernment for that purpose.

Mr. Coquillard died January 8, 1855, under
most distressing circumstances. His flouring
mill, which stood on the site of the Hil]
Brothers west mill, had burned on January 0
and he was engaged examining the ruins,
when he fell from a beam, about eighteen feet
from the ground, striking on his head, and
death resulted in an hour. His loss was a
public misfortune and his funeral was at-
tended by all the residents of the town, and
in the funeral cortege that bove his remains

ON THE RIVER.

to Notre Dame were numbers whom he had
aided to commercial positions, and many
whose necessities he had unsparingly re-
lieved. Business was entirely suspended
and the entire community joined in the gen-
eral sorrow. Mrs. Coquillard died in 1880.
Mr. Coquillard had an only child, Alexis T.
Coquillard, who was born here February 13,
1836. He was educated in this vicinity and

at Notre Dame, and after a useful an eventful
life died but a few years ago.

COL. L. M. TAYLOR.

Col. Lathrop M. Taylor was the next im-
portant personage to locate here, and he came
in 1827. Col. Taylor was an Indian trader
lor Samuel Hanna & Co.. of Port Wayne, and

COL. LATHROP M. TAYLOR.

afterward became a successful and prominent
merchant. He also engaged in the milling
and manufacturing business. He was a man
of vigor and enterprise and lived to a ven-
erable age, his death occurring in 1891. He
lived to see this great city develop from a
wilderness to one of the foremost manufac-
turing centers of the continent, and one of
the leading cities of the west.

Col. Taylor was appointed postmaster of
the little village which was then called
"Southold," but which a year later was
changed to South Bend, the name given it
by Alexis Coquillard, and which it has since
retained. He was also the first clerk and
recorder of St. Joseph County. Coquillard
and Taylor secured from the government a
good title to a large tract of land in this
locality, and March 2S, 1831, they platted the
town of South Bend, which according to the
records was "located on the west and south
banks of the Big St. Josef river."

The population of the town at that time
was 168, and the two pioneers, who were both

'."TIPPECANOE," RESIDENCE OF EON. CLEM STUDEBAKER.

SOUTH BEND.

enterprising and liberal business men, made
generous provisions for the future growth of
the town by donating lots to several religious
denominations on which churches were
erected, and also lands for school purposes
and a burying ground now known as the City
Cemetery. To-day many of the handsome
churches, imposing school buildings, and
other ediflcies are located on grounds which
were set apart at the very inception of the
town for these uses by the public spirited pio-
neers Alexis Coquillard and Lathrop M. Tay-
lor.

THE FIRST BURIAL.

The first burial in South Bend, as nearly as
can be ascertained, was that of the old Pot-
towatomie chieftan, Kon-i-ja. When the

first white settlers came here the body of this
dead chief, who had died yeais before, was
found sitting in mummied dignity and loneli-
ness on the banks of the St. Joseph river,
near where the stand pipe of the water works
is now erected. The skeleton was draped
in gaudy blankets, and enclosed in a log tomb,
whose covering was boughs of evergreen. At
stated times his faithful successors made pil-
grimages to this tomb and deposited their
tokens of love and veneration, which consist-
ed of trinkets, war implements, herbs, food
and raiment, which were also designed to help
and cheer him on his journey through the
spirit land.

One winter's night the old chief's form mys-
teriously disappeared, and the awe struck In-
dians found the tomb empty on the following;
morning. Long afterward it was learned tha!
two young settlers had quietly dug a grave
under the place where the old chief was seat
ed, and had placed his bones therein where
they remained until on excavating tne ground
for laying the city's water mains, the skull
and some of the bones of Kon-i-ja, with a
number of implements and trinkets were
brought to the surface.

Another "Happy Hunting Ground" of the
Indians was located at Rum Village, where
the bodies of Indian children, wrapped in
blankets, swing gentle among the branches of
great trees, and above the mounds of their il-
lustrious ancestors. Others were located at
Raccoon Village; at Leeper Hill and a third
in the vicinity of Island Park. All of these
have disappeared, save the one at Leeper Hill,
which afterward became the property of the
early Catholics, and was used as a burial
ground before Cedar Grove cemetery was es-
tablished in 1S44. It is now marked by a high
mound, surmounted by a cross, inscribed to

the memory of the christian Indians and
French pioneeis buried beneath, and surround-
ed by a group of evergreen trees.

Jacob Bowman, in 1S35, gave the name to
Bowman's Cemetery, which originally com-
prised a half acre, and was designed as a rest-
ing place for deceased Dunkards, or German
Baptists. Nearby also is a tract of ground
set apart for the burial of the members of the
Jewish fraternity in this city, who have died.
THE CITY CEMETERY.

The City Cemetery, the gift of Alexis Co-
quillard and L. M. Taylor, is located in the
western part of the city, and comprises nearly
twenty-two acres of giound Here have been
laid to rest the forms of those who contributed
so largely to the growth and development ol
this city, and the mute inscriptions on head
stone and monolith tell the story of life and
death, of struggle and reward, of trail and con-
quest. It is a veritable "God's Acre," and one
of the most impressively interesting of all the
interesting points of this city. Here genera-
tions have followed generations and an epi-
tome of the progress of South Bend is found in
the marble monuments which adorn the many
graves.

One of the many interesting monuments is
located near the East gate and covers the re-
mains of the grandfather and grandmother
of William McKinley, president of the United
States. These worthy ancestors both died
on the same day, August 20. 1847, and on the

MOONLIGHT AT LAKE ST. MARY.

forty-third anniversary of their wedding. They
were united in their lives, and in death were
not divided. The inscription also bears these
words: "They lived and died in the Christian
faith, and left a large family to mourn their
loss."

PIONEER DAYS.

One of the older residents was Edmond P.
Taylor, a brother of L. M. Taylor, who came
here in 1S30, and assisted his brother in his

SOUTH BEND

Indian store. "Pitts" Taylor, as he was
familiarly called, afterward continued the
business, and then commenced packing pork.
He was the pioneer pork packer in the state.
He afterward successfully engaged in the
lumber business on the race.

In 1831 this enterprising pioneer village be-
gan to show indications of mercantile ad-
vancement and was increasing in population.
Although Michigan street was then, as now,
the business street of the town, the trees
standing in the middle of the road were not
cut down, except as they were needed for

father of Alexis Coquillard, the founder of
the Coquillard Wagon Company, opened a
similar house of entertainment at Pearl and
Washington streets, and he was followed by
Calvin Lilley at the corner of St. Joseph and
Pearl streets.

The first keel boat for freighting on the
St. Joe river was built by Peter Johnson in
1831, and for many years it carried passengers
and freight into and out of the city, having
a landing at the foot of Market street, now
Colfax avenue, and from that time until 1851,
when railroads were built into the St. Josenh

WASHINGTON STREET EAST FROM MAIN.

fire wood and fence rails, until the following
year. In 1832 the Michigan road was con-
structed and this necessitated the cutting out
of the timber standing in Michigan and
Water streets and gave the needed space for
street uses.

Samuel L. Cottrell, also came to this local-
ity in 1827, and was the first sheriff elected
in St. Joseph County, proving a most faithful
and efficient official in every resnect. Peter
Johnson iu 1S31 established a tavern at the
southeast corner of Michigan and Washing-
ton streets, and later Benjamin Coquillard, the

valley, several steamboats were engaged in
the transportation business on the river.

THE TOWN OF ST. JOSEPH.

At the outset South Bend had wnat thieat-
ened to become a formidable rival, in a town
that was started two miles further down the
river, by William Brookfteld, the first surveyor
to locate in this vicinity which was called St.
Joseph. Considerable energy was manifested
bv the projectors of the new town, and when
the county of St. Joseph was organized in 1S30,

SOUTH BEND.

the county seat was located at the new town
of St. Joseph. In 1S31, however. Messrs. Co-
quillard and Taylor succeeded in having the
county seat removed to South Bend, and to
accomplish it they donated the land upon whicl:
the county buildings stand, and also pledged
the payment of $3,000 in cash.

With the removal of the County Seat to
South Bend, the town of St. Joseph ceased to
thrive. All the plans of its originator went
awry, and he soon after left the country. A
large portion of its site is now converted into
the beautiful new Riverview Cemetery.

and a number of new comers to this section
were induced to locate there, it was poposed
to erect an extensive college there, and a
charter was secured for that purpose. A pub-
lic ferry was established at this point, stores
and taverns were built, and for a short time
its prospects of advancement seemed superior
to those of South Bend.

The embryonic town, however, about this
time, was given the sarcastic name of "Pin
Hook," and this title and the panic of 1S37
proved its downfall. The proposed college
was given up, after a faculty had been selec-

RESIDENCE OF W. L. KIZER.

THE TOWN OF PORTAGE.

Another town in the vicinity of St. Joseph,
staited by Judge Egbert, and called Portage,
also attempted to become a rival of this city,
and much genius, energy, and money was ex-
pended in exploiting the claims of this town
which maintained its rivalry for a few years.

The town was platted and recorded in 1834
by Elisha Egbert and the Rev. Andrew Morse,

ted and a bell purchased, and in a few years
the town entirely passed out oi existence, al-
though the site is still known by its famous
and fatal title of "Pin Hook."

ORGANIZATION OF THE COUNTY.

St. Joseph County was organized in 1830,

and Adam Smith, Lambeit McComb and Levi

F. Arnold were commissioned as Justices of

the Peace by Gov. James B. Ray, at the resi-

SOUTH BEND

dence of Alexis Coqitillard, and were sworn
into office by L. M. Taylor the first clerk of the
county.

When Col. Taylor circulated his petition
for the removal of the county seat to this city,
he obtained 13S signatures, showing that the
population had materially increased within a
very few years, and in May 1831, the new Com-
missioners Absalom Holcomb, Chester Sage,
Col. John Jackson and William M. Hood
changed the county seat to South Bend. The
first county officers were: Jonn B. Lasly, treas-
urer; James Nixon, assessor; Daniel A. Ful-
lerton, collector of taxes; Benjamin Potter.
Thomas Skiles and Jacob Keith constables;

County. John S McClelland, Capt. Anthony
DeFrees, Samuel Studebaker, John Massey,
who was afterward tax collector, Nehemiah
B. Griffith, who established the first feiry
across the river. Christian Wolf, Samuel Mar-
tin, William Stanfield, Tyra W. Bray, Robert
Wade, Capt. Lot Day, John D. Lastley, Wil-
liam Creviston, James DeGroote, Hiram Day-
ton, Joseph Haney, Levi Antrim, Louis San-
comb, William Wood, John Becioft. Peter
Neddo, John A. Caine, Andrew Mack, Oliver
Bennett, Calvin Lilley, and Solomon Bargdail.
The population of the town was 128.

The first physician to locate in this city
was Dr. Jacob Hardman. He was a Virginian.

ST. JAMES EPISCOPAL CHURCH.

Jacob Cripe and John Heag, overseers of the
poor, and Daniel Eiler and Samuel Cannon,
fence viewers.

Among the first acts of the new commission-
ers was to issue licenses to the American Fur
Company, and Samuel Hanna & Co., the latter
being represented by L. M. Taylor, allowing
them to vend foreign merchandise on payment
of an annual fee of $10.00.

EARLY SETTLERS.
Among the early settlers aoout this time
were: James P., and Daniel Antrim, and the
former became first Probate Judge in the

and came here in 1831. He lived to be 82 years
of age, and for fifty-four years was a resident
of South Bend. Then came Dr. J. A. Hen-
ricks, Dr. Harvey Humphreys, Dr. James B.
Finley, Dr. Daniel Dayton and Louis Humph-
reys, the noble fore runners of those sturdy
practitioners that labored for the welfare of
mankind.

THE BLACK HAWK WAR.

An important event in the early history of

South Bend was the Black Hawk war which

occurred in 1S32. The pioneers of this little

village became fearful that the Pottowatomies

SOUTH BEND.

would join with old Chief Black Hawk in his
open war fare against the whites, and exten-
sive preparations for defense against an In-
dian attack were made. A iort, blockhouse
and stockade were constructed on the trian-
gular piece of ground in front of the city prop-
erty, where the water works stand pipe is now
erected, and a regiment of volunteers was has-

tily organized, with L. M. Taylor, as its
colonel, F. R. Tutt, lieutenant colonel and Dr.
Jacob Hardman as major.

The regiment, however, never saw any act-
ive service, for the war had ended before it
reached South Bend and the neighboring Pot-
towatomies remained friendly and harmless
L. M. Taylor, however, gained the title of "Col-
onel" from this episode, and he retained it
until his death.

TOWN ORGANIZATION.

The town of South Bend was laid out in
March 1831, but was not organized under town
government until 1835, when William P. Howe,
Horatio Chapin, Peter Johnson, John Massey
and James A. Mann were elected trustees.
Horatio Chapin was president of the Board
from 1835 to 1837. In 1837 E. P. Taylor was
elected president, and F. R. Tutt, clerk. This
town organization was subsequently aband-
oned and was not revived until 1S45, and the
first meeting of the new board was held Jan-
uary 31 of that year. John Brownfield was
chosen president and William H. Patterson,
clerk. The town was divided into five wards,
and at the first annual election Jonn Brown-
field, B. F. Price, William H. Patterson, Rick-
etson Burroughs and Joseph Andre were elec-
ted trustees.

INCORPORATED AS A CITY.

The town organization continued until 1865,
when a petition was presented to the trustees
asking for a special election to decide whether
the city should be organized under a general
charter of incorporation, and it was decided
in the affirmative on May 22, 1865. On June
5, of that year, an election was held and 543

votes were cast. William G. George was elec-
ted the first mayor of the city, and a full board
of councilmen was also chosen. The follow-
ing were the first officers of the city of South
Bend:

Mayor, W. G. George; clerk, George H. Al-
ward; treasurer, George W. Matthews; mar-
shal, Daniel Roof; engineer, Washington Saun-
ders; assessor, Elisha Sumption; councilmen,
1st. ward, William Miller and John Klingel;
2d. ward, William Miller, Esq. and Thomas S.
Stanfield; 3d. ward, John Gallagher and Israel
C. Sweet.

In December 1866 the council passed a reso-
lution annexing the town of Lowell, which had
been laid out in 1837, on the east side of the
river opposite South Bend. The town was
quite extensively built up, and at first was
called Dennison, but later the name was
changed to Lowell. By the annexation of 1866,
however, it became a part of the city of South
Bend and formed the fourth ward of the muni-
cipality.

MAYORS OF SOUTH BEND.

Since the incorporation of the City of South
Bend in 1865 the following gentlemen have
served in the office of Mayor of the municipal-
ity: W. G. George, 1865-66; Dr. Louis Humph-
reys, 1868 to 1872; William Miller, 1872 to 1876;

RESIDENCE OP JACOB WOOLVERTON.

A. N. Thomas, 1876 to 1878; Lucius G. Tong,
1878 to 1880; Levi J. Ham, 1880 to 1884; Geo.
W. Loughman, 1884 to 1SSS; William H. Long-

SOUTH BEND,

ley, 18S8 to 1892; David R. Leeper, 1892 to
1894; D. B. J. Schafer, 1894 to 1898, and Schuy-
ler Colfax, the present incumbent elected in
1898.

EARLY FERRIES.

The fiist ferries across the St. Joseph river
were authorized by the board of County Com-
missioners in 1831. and the initial ferry was
established at the east end of Water street,
by N. B. Griffith, who paid an annual license
fee of two dollars. He was also required "to
keep a good and sufficient flat or boat to con-

required to '"keep two able bodied men to at-
tend to said ferry." And it was also pro-
vided that "all persons tiaveling with or form-
ing part of a load should pass over in wagons
at said ferry free."

An additional ferry was ordered established
"across the river on the country road leading
f:om South Bend to Niles, and that a boat
should be placed thereon not less than 45
feet long and 12 feet wide. ' Elisha Egbert
secured the license to run this ferry on the
payment of ten dollars per annum.

In January, 1835, Alexis Coquillard ob-

From " La Salle in the Valley of the St. Joseph.
WHERE SOUTH BEND DERIVED ITS NAME.

vey conveniently over said river two horses
and a wagon at one time." The commission-
ers also fixed a scale of charges varying from
31% cents, for two horses and a wagon; 6%
cents for each person to two cents for hogs
and sheep per head.

In November 1832 the commissioners
ordered the licensed ferrymen, N. B. Griffith,
to have constructed a boat forty-five feet long
and twelve feet wide for his ferry, and al-
lowed him until January 1. 1S33, to have the
same completed and ready for use. He was

tained a license to keep a ferry across the river
from Market street, now Colfax avenue, with
a boat of the same dimensions of the others,
and under the same regulations as to charges.
Mr. Coquillard transfeired his license in 1840
to William Graham and Robert Wade.

RIVER NAVIGATION.

The navigation of the St. Joseph river was
first attempted in 1S30 by two sailors named
Masters and Tipsorf, who made a number of
successful trips in a keel boat from the mouth

SOUTH BEND.

of the river to South Bend. The following year
the first steamboat was launched on the river.
It was named the "Newburyport", and was built
at Presque Isle. Through some defect in iti
construction, however, it was found to be ill
adapted to navigating the river. It made but
one trip, and only got as far as Berrien and
the attempt was then given up.

In 1S33 two stern wheel boats of light
draught, called the "Matilda Barney" and
"David Crockett," commenced making success-
ful trips on the river and went as far as the
rapids at Michawaka, but on account of the
swiftness of the current were unable to p:o-
ceed further. From that time boats continued

gates from this county and representing the
interests of the St. Joseph river attended, but
they we:e unsuccessful in obtaining any
favorable action on the part of the convention
and all further attempts to secure national aid
to improve the river were abandoned.

THE WATER POWER.

The great water power of the St. Joseph river
was first utilized in 1S35 by Joseph Fellows,
Garrett V. Dennison, Thomas W. Alcott, James
McKower, William J. Worth and John Van
Buren, all of whom came from the state of New
York. They purchased the river rights from
Alexis Coquillard, and in 1837 work was com-

THE MILBURN MEMORIAL CHURCH.

to ply the river until the completion of the
Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad in
1851.

During the sessions of the state legislature
in 1845-1846, resolutions were adopted uiging
upon the Congress of the United States the
advantages of the St. Joseph river as a nav-
igable stream, and praying for an appropria-
tion to improve the river in this respect.
These lesolutions, however, were without ef-
fect, and resulted in no action being taken by
the government.

At the river and harbor convention held in
Chicago on July 5, 1S47, a number of dele-

menced in constructing a dam and digging
the race. The financial panic of that year
compelled a cessation of operations and Mr.
Coquillard entered suit for the recovery of his
property.

After several years of litigation the judgment
of the courts was rendered in his favor and
Mr. Coquillard, on gaining possession of the
property proceeded to make extensive improve-
ments on the race. Later the rights were
purchased by Samuel L. Cottrell and others,
and in 1867 the South Bend Hydraulic Com-
pany, representing a capital of $100,000.00,
obtained possession and in the spring of 186S

SOUTH BEND'.

completed the race and executed leases to those
who desired to use the water power for manu-
facturing purposes.

In December, 1842, the South Bend Manufac-
turing Company obtained a charter from the
legislature of the state and the following Feb-
ruary the following officers of the corporation
were elected Thomas W. Bray, president;
George W. Matthews secretary; Abraham H.
Harper, treasurer. In the spring of 1843 the
construction of a dam across the river was

RESIDENCE OF ANDHEW ANDERSON.

commenced and also the race upon the east
side, and the entire improvement was com-
pleted the following year.

The first to use the water power here were
Abram R. Harper and John H. Harper, who
erected a saw mill upon the race, and a second
saw mill soon followed which was first used
by William Stanfield. A manufactory of tubs
and buckets was next erected, but this burned
down shortly after its completion and was
never rebuilt. Other factories were constructed
in quick succession and both the east and
west races were lined with thriving factories
which today are in active and successful opera-
tion. The South Bend Manufacturing Com-
pany is still in existence and controls this great
water power of the St. Joseph river.

THE FUGITIVE SLAVE CASE.

One of the most exciting and important
events in the history of this city was the
famous and historical fugitive slave case which
was enacted here during the fall of 1849. From
the records of this case it appears that a family
of slaves had escaped from their master in
Kentucky, and being pursued had taken refuge
in the forests of Cass County, Michigan. They

were finally captured by their owner, who put
them in irons and started them on their
journey to the South. Early one morning
they reached South Bend and encamped near
the village.

The anti-slavery sentiment was strong at
that time among the Eastern community which
had largely settled here, and when they
learned of the proximity of the party, the citi-
zens at once formed a posse, and with the
sheriff at their head, they intercepted the kid-
napeis with a writ of habeaus corpus and at-
tempted to compel the surrender of the slaves
to the officers. The slave owners brandisheu
their pistols and threatened to shoot, but the
sheriff and his party were undismayed and the
Kentuckians finally submitted and the case was
brought before Judge Elisha Egbert for trial.

Judge Edwin B. Crocker, was the attorney for
the people, and Jonathan A. Liston, a brilliant
young lawyer appeared for the slave owneis,
and so unpopular did he become that soon after
he was obliged to leave the country. The suit
was decided in favor of the slave owners, but
the people would not permit them to take their
slaves away. Pistols were drawn in the court
room, and finding the people resolute, they con-
sented that the slaves should be removed . <i
the jail for safe keeping.

The excitement grew intense, and so strong
was the feeling that the owners of the slaves
abandoned their plans of taking the slaver-
away and did not appear when the trial came
on next day under another writ of habeas cor-

OLD SIDER S MILL.

pus obtained by citizens of Michigan who
claimed that the prisoners were free men and
not slaves.

The captives were accordingly released and
taken from the court house amid the cheers
of the excited and triumphant populace. The
owners of the slaves, however, carried the case
to the supreme court to prove their claims and
personally sued some of the parties who were

SOUTH BEND.

most active in opposing them, to recover the
value of their property.

They obtained judgment for the prices they
placed on the slaves, and the property of the
defendants was sold to satisfy these claims,
many being reduced to poverty by this action.
Among those implicated in the case were Lean-
der P. Newton, George W. Horton, Edwin B.

of those interested are still living and are resi-
dents of this city.

THE PRESS.

The history of the Press of South Bend is an
interesting one, and almost from the first set-
tlement of the village it was represented in the
field of journalism by progressive men who

ST. PATRICK'S CHURCH.

Crocker, Solomon W. Palmer, David Jodon.
William Wilmington, Lot Day, Jr., Amable M.
Lapiere and Wright Mandlin.

More than half a century has passed since
this exciting event occurred, but many of the
active participants in those scenes lived to sea
the institution of slavery swept away and the
equality of man sustained by law, while a few

realized the need of the community for en-
lightenment on current public affairs, and
who were able advocates of the various politi-
cal parties which have existed in the country.
The first newspaper established in this
city was the Northwestern Pioneer, which
made its initial appearance in November, 1831,
about one year after the county of St. Joseph

SOUTH BEND.

"was organized. At that time there was no
paper published North of the Wabash river
in Indiana, or in Southern Michigan. It was
started in the interest of the Whig party, and
was published by John D. and Joseph H. De-
frees. It had but a short existence, and six
months later it was changed to the St. Joseph
Beacon, under which title it lived precariously
for about eighteen months, as theie was not
sufficient patronage in the county to maintain
a newspaper.

In 1836 the South Bend Free Press appeared,
under the management of William Millikan,
and it was regularly issued ior about nine
years when it was discontinued, and the office
and plant was purchased by Albert W. West
and Schuyler Colfax.

These two gentlemen established the St.
Joseph Valley Register, and the first number
was issued on September 12, 1845, with Mr.
Colfax as its editor. It announced its politics
as "inflexibly Whig," and proclaimed its posi-
tion on the slavery question as follows: "We
shall be fixedly opposed to enlarging the
borders of slavery even one inch, either so far
as sailor power and weight in the national
councils are concerned, and shall hail with
happiness the day when the Southern states,
after calm examination, shall in a constitu-
tional and legal manner adopt a feasible plan
of emancipation, either gradual or immediate."
Mr. West retired after a few months and Mr.
Colfax became its sole proprietor.

In 1865 the paper passed to the control of
Archibald Beal who associated himself with
C. E. Fuller. This partnership continued for
two years, when Alfred B. Miller and Elmer
Crockett, who were engaged on the paper,
purchased the interest of Mr. Fuller, and the
Aim became Beal, Miller & Co. In January,
1872, Messrs. Miller and Crockett disposed of
their interest, and the paper after several
changes of ownership came into the hands of
a joint stock company. In 1875 a daily and
Sunday Register was published, which was
continued until the paper went out of existence
in the spring of 18S7, and its effects were ab-
sorbed by the Tribune Printing Company in
1889.

The Free Democrat was established in 1S84
to advocate the Free-Soil agitation and to sup-
port the election of Martin Van Buren for
president. It was owned by E. W. H. Ellis
but had a precarious existence of but a few
months.

THE SOUTH BEND TIMES.
The present successful Democratic journal
known as the South Bend Times found its in-

ception in 1S53 when A. E. Diapier & Son es-
tablished the St. Joseph County Forum.

The name was changed to the Times, and
Mr. Henry Peed was in charge of the paper
from 1881 to 1883. The "Times Printing

Company" was formed in 1883 and Messis. J.
B. Stoll, Charles A. McDonald, Sorden Lister
and E. R. Wills were its directors. Mr. J. B.
Stoll assumed control in the following April
and has since been the leading spirit of this
able journal. In January, 1901, a stock com-
pany was organized which now controls the
paper, and J. B. Stoll is the president of the
company and the manager of the paper. The
Times is a strong advocate of Democracy, is
ably edited and has won deserved success.

THE SOUTH BEND TRIBUNE.

The South Bend Tribune was founded in
1872 by the late Alfred B. Miller, Elmer
Crockett, J. H. Banning, now of Irvington,
Ind., and E. W. Hoover, of Chicago. All of
these gentlemen had previously been interest-
ed in the Register, but seeing the need of a
new and progressive journal, and a first-class
job printing office and bindery, they decided
to carry their ideas into execution.

The Tribune Printing Company was or-
ganized March 1, 1872, with the following of-
ficers: Alfred B. Miller, president; Elmer
Crockett, vice-president, and E. W. Hoover,
secretary. The first home of the paper was at
No. 73 Washington street. The facilities of
the office at that time consisted of a Taylor
newspaper press, a Washington hand press, a
Gordon job press, and a few other necessary
but primitive adjuncts
of a printing office
while the power was
furnished by a small
steam engine. Mr.
Miller as the editor,
Mr. Crockett the fore-
man of the printing de-
partment, Mr. Hoover
the bookkeeper, and
Mr. Banning had charge
of the mechanical de-
partment.

The present officers
of the company are El-
mer Crockett, president;
P. A. Miller, vice-
president and Charles E. Crockett, secretary-
Today the Tribune owns one of the best
equipped newspaper and job printing estab-
lishments in the state. Type setting machines
have been introduced, the most modern presses

SOUTH BEND.

have been installed, including a Hoe Presto
Web perfecting sterotype press, electrotyping
machines and every device and machine de-
manded by the most modern printing office of
the country. The editorial force of the paper
is composed of F. A. Miller, editor in chief,
and R. H. Lyon, associate editor.

The Mishawaka Branch of the Tribune was
established in 1898 and is in charge of Mr. G.
Albert Maurer, who has been connected with
the paper for several years, and he is one of
the most able and energetic newspaper men
in this section of the state. Among the old

city and the surounding country. It is under
the personal management of the proprietors
Gustave Fikenscher and Andrew Troeger, and
both of these gentlemen are well known and
enterprising newspaper men of high standing
and ability. The Courier in addition to its
list of local subscribers has quite an extensive
circulation in Europe.

THE GONIEC POLSKI.

The Goniec Polski, or Polish Messenger, is an
ably edited paper, which is a recognized power
socially and politically among our citizens oi

RESIDENCE OF MR. A. H. KELLEY.

and valuable employees of the paper are H.
W. Perkins, Thomas Freeman, E. W. Cutting,
Henry Reamer and Hannah Drumm, who have
been associated with it many years. Mr.
Walter Derr has been connected with the
business department for nearly nine years.

THE SOUTH BEND COURIER.

The South Bend Courier is an ably edited
German paper and has been in successful op-
eration since 1873. It is independent in poli-
tics and has gained a wide circulation in the

Polish nationality. It is a semi-weekly, six
column folio, is independent in politics, and hat.
been in successful existence several years In
1S99 the Goniec Polski Publishing Company
erected its present office and plant. Mr.
George W. J. Kalczynski, editor and sole pro-
prietor of the paper, is widely known here. He
is an able writer, and his paper fills an im-
portant place in South Bend journalsim.

THE SOUTH BEND ERA.
The South Bend Era. of which Hon. B. F.
Shively was the editor and proprietor, marie

SOUTH BEND

its appearance on March 27, 1S80, as an advo-
cate of the National Greenback Party. It was
ably edited and met with fair success for a
short time when it suspended.

THE SUNDAY NEWS.

The Sunday News has become one of the
institutions of this great city, and was estab-
lished by Chauncey N. Fa.ssett in 1887. The
initial number was published April 24, 1887.
and it has been successfully conducted since
that time. It has a wide circulation and its
columns are filled with all that is best and
newest in the departments of news and liter-

with few merchants and general stores, the
need of some general institution for banking
purposes was felt. The merchants were prac-
tically the bankers of the community for sev-
eral years. They received money on deposit,
accepted produce in exchange for merchandise,
loaned money to their customers and friends
and furnished credit to the farmers of the sur-
rounding country until they realized on their
growing crops. In fact the only financial facili-
ties of the village were those furnished by the
storekeepers and a few private individuals who
had small surplus funds to invest.

In 1883, however, the South Bend branch of

RESIDENCE OP MRS. PETER E. STUDEBAKER.

ature. Mr. Fassett is one of the oldest journ-
alists of South Bend. From a local writer in
1875 on the Union he has been connected with
the leading papers of the city, and distinguished
himself as a writer of ability and a newspaper
manager of executive force and energy.

BANKS AND BANKING.

THE STATE BANK OF INDIANA
Almost from the inception of the village of
South Bend, although but a small community

the State Bank of Indiana, was established
here, and the village soon enjoyed the advan-
tage of a well regulated and conducted hanking
institution. The State Bank was chartered
by the legislature in June, 1834, with head-
quarters in Indianapolis, and authority to es-
tablish ten district branches throughout the
state.

Dr. John A. Hendricks and Hon. Thos. D.
Baird, assisted by Hon. George Crawford, of
Elkhart County, secured the location of a
branch bank at South Bend, and on February
22, 1838, a public meeting was held at the
court house, and a dinner in honor of the event

SOUTH BEND.

was given on the 24th at the Exchange Hotel,
now the new Sheridan. Subscription books
were opened on July 2, Alexander Coquillard.
L. M. Taylor and John Grant, acting as com-
missioners, and on the closing of the books on
August 4, over 1,000 shares in excess of the re-
quired amount had been subsciibed, and the
state subsequently subscribed $S0.000.00 as its
share of the stock.

The bank was opened for business on Novem-
ber 24, and was located in a two story brick
building at the northeast corner of Michigan
and Water (now Colfax avenue) streets. In
1841 the bank building at the southwest corner
of Michigan street and Colfax avenue was
finished at a cost of about $11,000.00, and the
bank was removed to its handsome and impos-
ing new quarters. Horatio Chapin took up
his residence in the rear of the bank building
and remained theie until 1864. Among the
presidents of the bank were Tyra W. Bray.
John Egbert, L. M. Taylor. Anthony Defrees,
J. L. Jernegan, Samuel C. Sample, and Rick-
etson Burroughs. Marshall P. Chapin was
elected teller in 1857 and settled up the af-
fairs of the bank upon the expiration of its
charter in 1S5S.

THE BANK OF THE STATE OF INDIANA

The necessity of continuing some adequate
system of banking and maintaining a banking
institution after the charter of the first bank
expired was apparent to a large number of the
people of this city, and a charter was obtained
on March 3. 1855, for the Bank of the State of
Indiana, to commence business when the old
bank ceased to exist.

The old bank building was purchased March
17, 1857, and the new bank organized with a
capital stock of $150,000.00. John Brownfield
was president, Horatio Chapin, cashier, and
John T. Lindsey, teller. The bank conducted
business until 1864 when the United States
Congress passed the National Banking law.
which levied a tax of ten per cent on all notes
issued by state banks. This was the death
knell of the bank, and it finally liquidated its
notes, wound up its business, and went out of
existence.

THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK.

The First National Bank of South Bend was
organized September 5, 1863, by Charles N. Cul-
ver, Thomas S. Stanfield, Dr. John A. Henricks.
Major Eathan S. Reynolds. John Reynolds and
Ransom Hubbard. The capital stock was $100.-
000.00, and the bank opened for business in tic
old St. Joe block, the site of the present Oliver
Hotel, where the palatial banking rooms of this

institution are now located, on November 30,
1863. Judge Stanfield was the first president
and John Lindsey, cashier. The directors were
Judge Stanfield, John Reynolds, Ethan S. Rey-
nolds, Dr. John A. Henricks and Ransom
Hubbard.

In 1S67 Judge Stanfield resigned and William
Miller, the late president of the South Bend
National Bank, succeeded him. The same year

OLD FIRST NATIONAL BANK BUILDING.

Air. Lindsey resigned as cashier and was suc-
ceeded by Charles W. Guthrie. On January I,
1869 Dr. Henricks was made president, and on
January 13. 1871, Caleb A. Kimball, who had
been with the bank since 1864. was made cash-
ier, which office he still holds. The other pres-
idents of the bank were: John R. Foster, and
Judge Lucius Hubbard, who is now in charge.
The vice-nresidents of the bank were A. u.
dishing. Major E. S. Reynolds and Edward B.
Reynolds, his son, who now occupies that office,
having been elected July 29. L899

In 1S65 the bank was burned out. in the fir^
which consumed tee old St. Joseph Block, bat
its money and valuable papers were remo\
from the vaults and taken to the residence of
Judge Stanfield. where they remained until t1
following day when a safer place of deposit
was found.

The bank then removed to the building of tin'
old State Bank of Indiana, where it conducted
business until June 10, 1900. when it removed
to the Oliver Hotel building, where it is now
located.

THE SOUTH BEND NATIONAL BANK.

The South Bend National Bank is the practi-
cal outgrowth of the old State Bank of Indiana,
which was organized in 1838, and it naturalL-
became its successor when the old bank went
out of existence.

This bank was established as a national bank-
ing institution in 1870 and its first president

SOUTH BEND.

•was Mr. John Brownfield, who had previously
been at the head of the old State Bank, and the
incorporators and organizers of this bank were
John Brownfield, William Miller, Lucius Hub-
bard, Hon. Schuyler Colfax, William Mac!;,
Powers Green. Darwin H. Baker, Benjamin F.
Price and C. A. Kimball.

The bank is located at No. 131 North Michi-
gan street, and has conducted a most success-
ful business. Mr. John Brownfield was the
president of the bank until 1888. Mr. William
Miller, who was president after Mr. Brownfield,
and who died February 21, 1901. had been con-
nected with the institution since its organiza-
tion. The officers and directors of the bank are
all active and responsible business men, and
the bank is recognized as one of the leading
financial institutions of the state.

Mr. Marvin Campbell was elected on March
5, 1901, as president of the bank to succeed Mr.

institution of this character was necessary for
the people of South Bend. The bank was in-
corporated in 1869, and was opened for business
in January 1870, in the rear of the store located
at the northeast corner of Main and Washing-
ton streets. During that year a one story brick
building was erected at No. 108 North Main
street, and in 1870 the deposits of the bank
amounted to $7,267.98.

The deposits of the bank have steadily in-
creased until they are now nearly $2,000,000.00,
and the number of depositors exceed 5,000, while
nearly three quarters of a million dollars have
been paid in interest. The bank has complete-
ly remodelled its building on Main street, which
is now one of the stateliest and most imposing
structures in the city. The first president was
Dr. Louis Humphreys, until his death, when "ae
was succeeded by Mr. George W. Matthews,
who died in 1895, and the present president is

RESIDENCE OF THE LATE ALFRED B. MILLER.

William Miller deceased, and Samuel R. Leeper
was elected a director to fill the vacancy caused
by the death of his brother David R. Leeper.
The officers of the bank are: Marvin Campbell,
president; Lucius Hubbard, vice-president;
Myron Campbell, cashier, and the directors are
Haven Hubbard. Fred H. Badet, Samuel Leeper,
DeWitt Sedgwick, and the officers of the bank.

THE ST. JOSEPH COUNTY SAVINGS BANK.

The St. Joseph County Savings Bank found its
inception in the genius and energy of the lat?
T. J. Seixas, assisted by some of the leading
citizens of South Bend, who believed that an

Jacob Woolverton. T. J. Seixas was the first
cashier and served until 1878, when he was suc-
ceeded by Lucius G. Tong, who now occupies
that important office. In connection with this
bank there has also been organized the St.
Joseph Loan and Trust Company, which trans-
acts an extensive trust business.

CITIZENS NATIONAL BANK,

The Citizens National Bank was incorporated
in September, 1892, with a capital of $100,000.00.
and is now in successful operation at the south-
east corner of Michigan and Washington
streets. The officers of the bank are G. W.

SOUTH BEND

Lewis, president and C. Fassnacht, vice-oresi-
dent. The bank also has a trust department
connected with it.

PEOPLES' SAVINGS BANK.

The Peoples' Savings Bank was incorporated
in 1S75, by Joseph B. Arnold. Jr., who was its
first president, and a number oE others. Hiram
Jackson, was secretary and Thaddeus H. Dunn,
cashier. The trustees were Hiram Jackson,
Newton Jackson. Aaron Webster, Henry B.
Hine. George W. Swygart, Andrew J. Jaauith,
J. B. Arnold, Sr., and J. B. Arnold, Jr. The
bank transacted a successful business until 1SS5
when it voluntarily closed out. paying its de-
positors in full and retired from the banking
field.

RAILROAD FACILITIES.

At a very early day the citizens of South
Bend and St. Joseph County evinced a deep in-
interest in the subject of obtaining railroad
facilities for this section of the state, but in
this, as in many other matters of public impor-
tance, people of conservative and non-progres-
sive ideas were found to voice their opposition
to the project and to favor the construction of
a canal which would be a less expensive under-
taking.

In February 1S35, however the State Legis-
lature incorporated the Buffalo & Mississippi
railroad, and under this act a company was or-
ganized in 1S38 to construct a railroad through
Indiana from the eastern line to Michigan City.
Gen. Joseph Orr, of Laporte, was president of
the company, and a survey was made from

THE LIMITED EXPRESS.

Michigan City to South Bend, and a contract
let for grading the road from Michigan City to
Laporte. the company, however, ran short of
funds and the road was abandoned.

It was not until 1847 that the discussion of
the railroad question was again commenced,
and in August a meeting was called at Misha-
waka of all interested in a railroad from Tole-

do to Chicago. Judge Stanfield presided at the
meeting, and although great interest was man-
ifested nothing definite resulted. About this
time, however, some New York capitalists pur-
chased the Michigan Southern road, running
from Toledo. Ohio, and Monroe, Mich., to
Hillsdale, Mich.

Seeing an opportunity of accomplishing the
desires of the residents of St. Joseph County,
by uniting with this company, and inducing
them to build the road in this direction, a prop-
osition was made and accepted to build the road

THE GRAND TRUNK BRIDGE.

to the Indiana line on the east, provided a com-
pany was organized whicn would build a line
through the state to the Illinois line and thence
to Chicago. The company was duly organized,
but in 1850, the two companies were consoli-
dated under the name of the Michigan Southern
& Northern Indiana Railway Company. Con-
tracts were let to build the road through North-
ern Indiana to Laporte, and from Michigan
City to Chicago, and also for making surveys
for further extensions.

It was afterward decided to abandon the
charter of the Northern Indiana Company, and
adopt that of the Buffalo & Mississippi Com-
pany, and the road was constructed from La-
porte to Chicago as it now runs. At the same
time the Michigan Central road was being built
upon an almost parallel line. Great rivalry
was aroused between the two roads, but through
the efforts of Judge Stanfield, opposition was
overruled, a right of way was secured, and a
line of railroad was obtained in this county
without costing the people a dollar in money.

The name of the road was retained until its
consolidation with the Lake Shore road from
Cleveland to Buffalo, when it took the name of
the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern railroad,
as it is now known, and which is one of the
leading roads in the country-

The first through train from Lake Erie
reached South Bend on Saturday evening, Octo-
ber 4, 1851, and occasioned great excitement
and enthusiasm. Bon fires were lighted, canons
boomed and cheer after cheer went up from the
great crowd assembled to celebrate this great

SOUTH BEND.

event in the city's history. In 1867 a meeting
was held at Jackson, Mich., to which the people
along the St. Joseph Valley in Indiana were
invited, to determine what propositions could
be made to the Grand Trunk railroad of Can-
ada, to extend its line from Ridgeway, Mich.,
through that state and Indiana to Chicago.

At this meeting the Michigan Grand Trunk
Railroad Company was organized, and a route
was adopted, which if carried out, would cut
off the city of South Bend and the entire St
Joseph County. The result was that the com-
pany failed to secure the necessary funds to
build the proposed road, the route was changed
and in 1869 it was leased to the Michigan Cen-
tral Railroad Company, and the road was com-
pleted to Niles.

A company was then formed in South Bend
called the St. Joseph Valley Railroad Company.
South Bend subscribed $25,000.00 to the capital
of the company in order to build the road.

receiver, and about this time the road was com-
pleted between Flint and Lansing, making a
complete road to Valpairiso. In 1879 the Grand
Trunk Railroad Company purchased the road,
and the right of way to Chicago being secured,
a through line from that city to Port Huron
was formed, and on March 26, 1880 all the com ■
panies consolidated into the Chicago & Grand
Trunk Railroad Company which now operates
the road.

Other railway facilities now possessed by the
City of South Bend are those furnished by the
Indiana, Illinois & Iowa Railway, the Terre
Haute & Indiana Railway, known as the Van-
dalia Railway, the St. Joseph, South Bend &
Southern Railway, and the Chicago & South
Bend Railway, and the city is now furnished
with a superior railway service which connects
it with every section of the country, and its
facilities are unsurpassed by any inland city on
the continent.

RESIDENCE OF HORATIO P. BLAIR.

which was completed to this city in the spring
of 1870, and is still operated as the Michigan
Central Railroad.

During this time the people of Michigan had
undertaken to build a parallel line from Pore
Huron to the Indiana line in the direction of
South Bend, as the most feasible route to Chi-
cago, and a company was organized in Indiana
to build the road through the state by way of
Mishawaka and South Bend and Valpairiso to
the Illinois line. Under the several companies
portions of the road were built, and after their
consolidation the road was completed from Port
Huron to Flint and from Lansing Mich., to Val-
pairiso. Indiana.

Owing to the financial panic the company
was unable to meet its obligations and bonded
indebtedness and was placed in the hands of a

THE TELEGRAPH.

Prior to 1847 South Bend had felt the urgent
necessity of telegraphic communication with
the outside world, and in April of that year, a
representative of a proposed telegraph line,
from Buffalo to Mishawaka, named J. J. Speed,
visited the city, and submitted a proposition to
run the line through the St. Joseph Valley, and
establish an office at South Bend provided the
citizens would subscribe to the stock of the
company to the amount of $2,000.

This amount was at once raised and the peo-
ple indulged in the anticipation of enjoying
telegraphic facilities in a short time. Chicago,
however, refused to subscribe for its proportion
of stock, and the work was delayed until 184S,
when Chicago agreed to perform its share in
the work. In June 1848, therefore, the line was

SOUTH BEND.

fully completed, and South Bend tor the first
time was in immediate communication, with the
far distant cities of the continent.

EDUCATIONAL.

From 1S31 to 1S53 the district school houses,
many of them built of logs and in most nrimi-
tive style, were the Alma Maters of the grow-
ing youth of this energetic city. As the years
passed, however, increased facilities were
adopted, and several private seminaries were
opened and conducted by advanced instructors.
The methods of teaching advanced year by year
and the enrollment of scholars was annually
larger, and in 1853 it was found to be a public

were students in that revered hall of learning,
which, however, gave way to the more modern
and extensive building which is now known as
the City High School.

The Northern Indiana College was the first
ambitious educational institution erected in this
city. It was founded in 1S61 and was located at;
the end of West Washington street. It wa3
chartered by the General Assembly and was de-
signed for the education of both male and female
students. The first board of trustees was com-
posed of Schuyler Colfax. William Miller. John
H. Harper. John Brownfield, Asbury Clark.
George F. Layton, Francis R. Tutt, John W.
Chess and Elisha Egbert. From the outset the

■V\T/1-|\^P - |ABLIC-LlI3I^ARy-

necessity to form a free school system to meet
the educational demands of the growing and
intelligent community. It was not. however,
until 1867 that the graded school system was
adopted under Prof. Daniel Eyres, who was the
superintendent at that time.

The old Seminary building, which was the
most commodious and pretentious school edi-
fice which South Bend had known up to that
time was erected about 1856. It was of brick
and two stories in height, and was located on
the site of the present High school building.
It was the pride of the progressive citizens of
South Bend, and many of the present success-
ful and influential business men of this cit;'

institution had serious financial difficulties to
overcome, and it was not until the autumn of
1S66 that the building was completed. It was
built of brick, fifty feet by ninety feet, and four
stories high, and the front was ornamented by
a cylindrical tower one hundred feet high. The
college was dedicated to the cause of Christian
education on January 10, 1S67, but its lingering
existence comprised only a few years, when for
lack of funds it was obliged to close, and the
building was afterward sold.

THE HIGH SCHOOL.

The present High school building was erected
in 1S72 and is one of the best equipped public

SOUTH BEND.

educational institutions in the State. It is
ninety feet front by one hundred and sixteen
feed deep, with forty feet wings, and is four
stories high with mansard roof. In this build-
ing are arranged the class and study halls, a
library, philosophical room, laboratory, society
rooms, and a large main hall. The school sup-
erintendent and his assistants also have their
offices in the building. Large and commodious
as it is it is becoming apparent that a larger
and more extensive building will be necessary
in the near future, and the members of the
board and the progressive friends of education
in the city are already agitating the erection of
a larger and more extensive building in order
to accommodate the increasing demands and
the advancing studies of modern public educa-
tion.

Since the inauguration of the free school sys-
tem nine new and handsome school buildings

low, 1869 to 1870; W. K. Kidd, 1S70 to 1871;
David A. Ewing. 1S71 to 1876; Alfred Kummer,
1876 to 1S79; James Du Shane, 1879 to 1891, and
Calvin Moon, since 1891.

Among the principals of the High Schools
who have so ably contributed to the scholastic
advancement of the institution are Daniel Eyre,
L. E. Denslow, W. K. Kidd, Benjamin Wilcox,
James Du Shane, Alfred Kummer, Charles H.
Bartlett. Eugene F. Lohr, Stuart McKibben,
Mary L. Hinsdale, John M. Culver, and the
present accomplished and progressive incum-
bent of the office, Prof. Dumont Lotz, who has
been in charge of the school since 1898.

The splendid Public Library was erected by
the city Board of Education and dedicated May
8, 1896.

In addition to the public schools of this city
there are a number of Parochial Schools, con-
ducted under he auspices of the Catholic

Old Higfr School Bu.ld.ng.

have been erected in various parts of the city.
They are substantially built and supplied with
every accessory for modern educational pur-
noses. The schools are named as follows:
Jefferson, erected in 1865; Madison, in 1893;
Lafayette, in 1894; Laurel, in 1899; Coquillard,
in 1891; Elder, in 1896; Jn-anklin, in 1889, Col-
fax, in 1898, and Linden in 1890. A number of
additions and extensions have been made to
many of these buildings after their erection,
and the total expenditure of the city for school
buildings and equipments has been about $500,-
000.00.

The following school superintendents have
had charge of the educational institutions of
this city: Daniel Eyre, 1867 to 1869; L. E. Dens-

Church. Among these institutions are the
schools connected with St. Patrick's Church,
St. Mary's Church, St. Joseph's Church, St.
Hedwige's Church, and the number of scholars
in daily attendance is estimated at about 3,000.
In these schools, languages and the higher
branches are taught, in addition to the regular
religious studies prescribed by the church, and
all departments are in the hands of able in-
structors.

THE PUBLIC LIBRARY.
The Public Library of South Bend has be-
come one of the great intellectual institutions
of the city. Its handsome building and well
selected lists of books attest the progressive
intelligence of the community, and the public

Jz;

SOUTH BEND.

spirit which has found substantial expression
in this beautiful and enduring form.

This great educational medium found its
inception in the hearts and minds of a few
public spirited men of this city foremost
among whom were Dr. Louis Humphreys, W.
G. George and John Klingel. These gentlemen
with a number of others formed the nucleus
of the present library by personal contributions
of books and money, and the first library was
practically established in 1872 in a rear room of
a store on Michigan street.

This primitive institution at once became
popular and very soon these limited quarters
became too small for the needs of the aspiring
library, and it was removed to Mr. Alfred
Klingel's store on Washington street. Here a
disastrous lire occurred in which the books of
the library were burned and destroyed, and
the library suffered a severe loss which prac-
tically ended its existence.

Shortly after this Mr. James DuShane became
interested in the library, and circulated a peti-
tion to the legislature which received the signa-
tures of influential citizens representing over
three millions and a half dollars of taxable
property, requesting authority to establish a
free public library, the maintenance of which
was to be paid out of the tax income of the
city in a proportion to be named by the legisla-
ture.

Other prominent citizens took similar action,
and in 1881 the legislature of the state passed
an act authorizing cities of 10,000 inhabitants
and over to establish such libraries through
their local boards of education, and in 1883 the
orovisions of this act were extended to all
cities and unincorporated towns. Mr. DuShane
was an earnest advocate and promoter of this
legislation and was most energetic in his
efforts to induce the Board of Education of
South Bend to act in the matter, but it was not
until 1888 that the public library of South
Bend was established and the initial steps taken
to insure its permanency.

The members of the school board at that
time were Dr. C. A. Daugherty. B. F. Dunn and
Joseph E. Williams, and though they decided
to establish the library, it had at the time
neither books, room or money. It was impossi-
ble to realize any funds from the tax levy until
the following year, and those interested in the
measure were in a quandary.

At this point Mr. James Oliver became in-
terested in the projected library, and he at once
fitted up a large room on the fourth floor of the
Opera House building, and advanced the money,
in anticipation of the tax levy, which was
deemed necessary to purchase the first install-
ment of books and periodicals. Donations

were made by a number of citizens among whom
were Hon. Clem Studebaker, Mr. Leighton Pine
of the Singer Manufacturing Company, who
furnished the chairs of the library, and others
who contributed articles of value. Thus through
the assistance of friends the library was estab-
lished with something over 1,000 books and a
full selection of current periodicals and
literature.

In 1895 the library was sadly in need of
increased accommodations and the Board Di'
Education, which then consisted of Dr. C. A.
Daugherty, Albert Listen'berger and Henry P.
Elbel, purchased a lot of ground on the south-
east corner of Main and Wayne streets, and
took the necessary steps toward the erection of
a library building which would be an archi-
tectural ornament to the city, and a structure
that would meet all present demands, and
anticipate the needs of the city for years to
come. The foundations of the library were
laid in June. 1895, and the present magnificent
structure was completed on May 1, 1896, and
the building and grounds cost about $40,000,
and is one of the most striking structures in
the city. It is provided with lecture halls and
society rooms, and at present the entire upper
floor is occupied by the Historical Society of
South Ber.d.

RELIGIOUS.

Prior to January, 1831, there was no place of
public worship in the entire county of St.
Joseph.

METHODIST.

On January 30, 1831, the first religious exer-
cises were held in this city under the auspices
of the Methodist denomination, and were pre-
sided over by the Rev. N. B. Griffith, who was
the first clergyman to come to this city.
Prior to this, however,
a few Catholic priests
had labored here, and
years before Fathers
Badin and DeSeille had
established a mission
at Notre Dame.

In 1835 a primitive
church was built. T*p
to this time the little
congregation had met
in the old log school
house and in private
houses. In 1836 a frame
church was occupied,
and in 1850 a brick
church was erected
at the corner of Main
and Jefferson streets.
This building was

:;.;

SOUTH BEND.

originally 18x70 feet, and in 1869 the build-
ing was enlarged and remodeled. This was
tne inception of the present First Methodist
Church, now the leading congregation of the
Methodists in this city.

The Michigan Street Methodist Episcopal
Church was organized in 1869 with 137 mem-
bers, and Rev. William R. Mikels was appointed
its first pastor.

The German M. E. Church was organized in
1872 by Rev. Philip Walker, of Michigan City,
and its first pastor was Rev. William Keller.
In 1881 a lot was purchased at the northwest
corner of Lafayette and Wayne streets and the

first chapel was built by Mrs. Clem Studebaker
in 1883 and cost $10,00.00. The present pastor
is Rev J. G. Campbell.

The other Methodist Episcopal churches in
this city are Grace Church, Rev. Delos M.
Wood, pastor; Free Methodist Church. Rev. C.
E. Edinger. pastor: Lowell Heights M. E.
Church. Rev. W. E. Lowther. pastor; A. M. E.
Church. Rev. W. M. Simpson, pastor, and
River Park M. E. Church, Rev. W. E. Lowther.
pastor.

PRESBYTERIAN.
The First Presbyterian Church had its incep-

FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.

old church building was removed to this loca-
tion. In 1890 about 100 members of the Ger-
man Evangelical Church, joined this congrega-
tion, and shortly afterward ftie present brick
church was erected. It has now about 150
members and the present pastor is Rev. Karl
Keck.

The Milburn Memorial Church, to be erected
in memory of Mr. George Milburn, the father
of Mr. Clem Studebak"er, will stand at the corner
of Laporte and Colfax avenues, and when
finished will be one of the handsomest and
most tasteful church edifices in the city. The

tion in 1S31 when Horatio Chapin and William
Stanfield organized the first Sunday school in a
log school house. For a time it languished
but in 1834 it was again organized in the rear
of Mr. Chapin's store and was conducted
there for a few months. In 1835 the Rev.
Albert Bryant came to South Bend, and a small
congregation was formed and services were held
in the rooms of Mr. Bryant over Mr. Chapin s
store. The first church building was erected at
the corner of Lafayette and Water streets, in
1836, the pulpit and benches being made by the
nastor. The church in 1S39 removed to Main

SOUTH BEND.

street, south of Washington street, and at one
time Schuyler Colfax was a member of the
church.

A new church building was erected at the
southwest corner of Lafayette and Washington
streets in 1S66. and the present handsome and
imposing edifice was finished and dedicated
June 23, 1889. Rev. George T. Keller, who was
most active in the building of the new church.
died May 24, 1888, before its completion, and
the first pastor of the new church was Rev.
Henry Webb Johnson, D. D., who is still the
ministerial leader of this large and influential
congregation.

The other Presbyterian churches in South
Bend are the Westminster Church, Rev. Warren
Eugene Shirey, pastor, and Trinity Presby-
terian, Rev. I. M. Houser, pastor.

REFORMED CHURCH.

The Reformed Church of South Bend was
organized in 1849 by the Rev. David McNiesh,
and was connected with the General Synod of
the Reformed Church of America. The brick
church at the southwest corner of Lafayette
street and Colfax avenue was erected during
that year. The church was reorganized in
1870 and Rev. N. D. Williamson was for many
years its pastor. The late Hon. Schuyler Colfa:<
was for a long time a member of this church.

EPISCOPAL.

St. James' Church, located on Lafayette
street between Washington street and Colfax
avenue, was first organized as a parish July
28, 1868, with the Rev. George P. Schetky. D. D..
as rector. The first church building was
erected in 1869 and dedicated with appropriate
services September 5. In January. 1871, the
church was moved to the northwest corner of
Lafayette and Jefferson streets. This building
and lot was sold in 1898 and the present site
on Lafayette street was purchased. A new
and handsome church was erected in 1894 and
dedicated by Rt. Rev. Bishop of Springfield,
George Franklin Seymour, S. T. D., on Christ-
mas eve, Dec. 24. at a midnight service. The
property is valued at $33,000. The present
rector, the Rev. Francis Milton Banfil, B. A.
was instituted January 1, 1899, and the com-
municants now number 208 in good standing.

BAPTIST.

The first Baptist Church was organized Sep
tember 14, 1836, with Rev. James M. Johnson,
as pastor. The present handsome and imposing
church edifice is located at the northwest
corner of Main and Wayne streets.

The other Baptist church are Mt Zion Baptist
Church, Re\. F. P. Green, pastor; German Bap-

tist Church. Dunkards, Rev G. D. Zollers, pas-
tor; First Swedish Baptist Church, Rev. Gust.
Carlson, pastor.

CHRISTIAN.

The first Christian Church of this city was
organized in 1844 on the eastern side of Portage
Prairie, and with but twelve members. Te Rev.
W. Mcllvaine was the first pastor. In 1851 the
congregation secured the use of the old
seminary building on Washington street in
which they worshiped until the spring of 1852
when a church was erected and dedicated on
Main street, between Jefferson and Wayne
streets. In 187S a larger building was erected
mi the same site, and later this was materially
enlarged and remodeled. The congregation is
a large one, and the services are well attended.
The present pastor is Rev. P. J. Rice.

EVANGELICAL.

The congregation of St. Peter's Evangelical
Church was organized in 1863, and its present

st. Joseph's cnoRcn.
handsome brick church is located on West
Water street. The present pastor is Rev. O.
Koenig.

The other Evangelical church in South Bend
are Mizpah Church of the Evangelical Associa-
tion, Rev. Lorenzo S. Fisher; St. Paul's
Evangelical, Rev. E. J. Nitsche, pastor, and

SOUTH BEND.

Zion Evangelical Church. Rev. M. Goffeney,
pastor.

St. Paul's Lutheran Church is located on West
Jefferson street and has a large and active
membership. A flourishing school is also
connected with this church. The Rev. Trangott
Thieme is the pastor.

CATHOLIC.

The Catholic Church had an early organiza-
tion in South Bend, and was among the first
to conduct religious services in this city.
Father Corby of Notre Dame, was the first

St. Joseph's Church, on North Hill street,
Father Nicholas J. Stoffel, pastor.

The Heart of Jesus Church, on Thomas street,
Father H. F. Paanakker, pastor.

St. Kazimier Church on Webster street.

St. Stanislaus Church on West Lincoln
street, and St. Peter's Church.

OTHER CHURCHES.

The other prominent churches are Holv
Trinity. Lutheran; Swedish Lutheran. Rev. N.
J. Forsberg, pastor; Swedish Lutheran Mission,
Rev. C. G. Youngren, pastor; Brethren Church,

jlu^

THE ST. JOSEPH COUNTY COUKT HOUSE.

resident pastor of the church in this city. At
present there are eight Catholic churches in
South Bend, all of them largely attended, anil
in a flourishing condition. These churches
also have parochial schools established in
connection with the church. The following are
the churches in this city:

St. Patrick's Church on South Taylor street,
Father John Francis DeGroote, C. S. C, pastor.

St. Hedwige's, on South Scott street. Father
Valentine Czyzewski, C. S. C, pastor.

St. Mary's German Catholic. South Taylor
street, Father Peter Johannes. C. S. C. pastor.

Rev. Ell wood Braker, pastor; Central Congre-
gational Church, and First Church of Christ,
Scientist.

The Dunkards, or German Baptists, also have
a large following in this vicinity, and its
members are among the most substantial people
in this community. The old Wenger church is
one of the early landmarks of this city and
Elder H W. Krieghbaum is the beloved pastor
of the congregation in South Bend.

The Young Men's Christian Association was
organized in 1871, but after a few years of fail-
ing interest was inactive for some time, when

SOUTH BEND.

it was reorganized on a stronger basis by Dr.
L. W. Mnnhall, State Secretary of the Associa-
tion, and it has prospered ever since. The
present officers of the Association are: W. 0.
Davies, president; George T. Hodson, vice-pres-
ident; Myron Campbell, treasurer, and H. A.
Pershing, secretary. The directors are the
officers of the association and Elmer Crockett.
R. R. Peck, F. H. Badet, J. H. Dunn, Madison
Miller. W. H. Mack, E. T. Howard and Cadmus
Crabill. Miller Guy is the general secretary.

HOSPITALS.

The Epworth Hospital, whose handsome
new building, now fast approaching comple-
tion, is located at the northeast corner of
Main and Navarre streets, found its incep-
tion in 1892. It was originally intended as a
home for unfortunates, and was in charge of
the Woman's Home Missionary societies of
the Methodist chinch and the Dorcas society
of Milburn Chapel. Since that time it has

THE Ol-I) COURT HOUSE.

grown to its present large dimensions and
last year 225 patients were treated at the hos-
pital. The new building will cost $40,000 to
erect and will be one of the best constructed
hospital buildings in the state. The lady man-
agers of the hospital are president. Mrs.
George M. Studebaker; vice-piesidents, Mrs.
Isaac Dale, Mrs. Alexander Lippman, Mrs. D.
H. Baker, Mrs. Maggie Stall and Mrs. C. H.
Myers; recording secretary. Mrs. C. M.
Haeske; treasurer, Mrs. John Roth; finance
committee, chairman Mrs. C. A. Carlisle, Mrs.
Clark Skinner, Mrs. C. A. Daugherty and Mrs.
Penrod. The male directors of the institution
consist of the following well known gentle-
men; President, Marvin H. Campbell; vice-
p.esident, William R. Boyd; secretary, John

Roth, and treasurer, George O. Ware. Direc-
tors, Clem Studebaker, John C. Paxson, M. V.
Beiger, E. B. Reynolds and Lucius Hubbard.

Another most excellently conducted hospital
is the St. Joseph located at Notre Dame
avenue. For years this excellent institution
has been in successful operation under the
auspices and management of the Sisters of
the Catholic Church of this city, and thous-
ands of patients have been cared lor by this
noble hospital.

THE BENCH AND BAR.

When St. Joseph County was first legally
organized it was made part of the First
Judicial district of the state. In 1833, how-
ever, the districts we.e reorganized, and it
was made a part of the Eighth district. This
continued until 1837, when it was attached to
the Ninth Judicial circuit. This arrangement
continued until 1837, when the Court of Com-
mon Pleas was abolished, and the judicial
districts were made smaller and largely in-
creased in number. Under this law St. Joseph
and Lapoite Counties composed die Thirty-
Second Judicial district. This district was
continued until 1897, when the general as-
sembly again divided the district. Laporte
County remaining the Thirty-Second district,
and St. Joseph County forming a new judicial
district to be known as the Sixtieth.

The first court house was erected in 1832-
1833, and was located at the northeast corner
of the public square. It costs *rf,0U0. Five
years later a one story addition was erected.
The old court house with the clock tower was
first pianned in 1853, erected in 1854, and fin-
ished and occupied for public use in 1855. It
was buiit at a cost of $35,000, and was re-
garded as a most imposing temple of justice
at that time. In 1870 extensive repairs and
additions we:e made to the building, which
cost about $15,000. This building stood upon
the site of the present handsome court house,
and was removed to its present location on
Lafayette street.

The first jail was built of logs and was
constructed in 1832, and an additional story
was erected in 1835. A new jail was erected
in 1860, but later was found to be inadequate
to the demands made upon it, and in 1S97
the present jail was erected at a cost of
$40,000. The building is a substantia: struc-
ture, three stories in height, and has cell
arrangements for the accommodation of ninety
six prisoners. In the jail there are also pro-
visions made for a nospital, and insane ward,
and a boys', women's and girls' department,
which insures a perfect separation of the

SOUTH BEND

various classes of criminals. The present
sheriff is Charles E. McCarty, and u. Harley
McCarty is deputy sheriff.

THE FIRST COURT.

The first session of the Circuit Court was
held in South Bend on October 22. 1S32. in the
tavern of Calvin Lilley. and Judge John R.
Porter presided. Judge Gustavus A. Everts

eighteen years, and Walter A. Funk, who is
now the honored judicial head of the St.
Joseph Circuit, having been eiecteci in Novem-
ber. 1900.

From the organization of the county until
L852, the Circuit Coir, t was composed of a
presiding judge and two associate judges.
The following able gentlemen uiled that im-
portant office during the period mentioned:

THE NEW Post OFFICE.

presided at the second term of court, held in
June. 1833.

Among those who have worn the judicial
ermine and presided over the district, of
which St. Joseph County formed a part, are
judges, John R. Poiter. Samuel C. Sample.
Ebenezer M. Chamberlain, Thomas o. Stan-
tiild. Albert G. Deavitt, John B. Niles, Andrew
L. Osborne. Daniel Noyes, who served ror

John Banker. Chapel \V. Brown. William C.
McCartney, John Ireland. Reynolds Dunn,
Powers Green. Peter Johnson, and John D.
Robertson.

Among the older members of the p.esent
bar may be mentioned Hon. Andrew Ander-
son. Jonathan P. Creed. Jonn E. Fisher and
Hon. George ford, while- the younger members
nl the legal fraternity are all progiessive and

SOUTH BEND

able attorneys who have conscientiously con-
tributed toward establishing the present high
standard of legal ethics and practice of the
courts of the St. Joseph Circuit.

PROBATE COUR'l.

Probate Courts were establisned by the
state constitution in 1816, and ue hist judge
commissioned for this court was Hon. James
P. Antrim., who served until 183^. He was
succeeded in turn by Hons. Elisha Egbert,
John J. Deming, Edward F. Dibble and Elisha
Egbert again, who continueu in office until
the court was abolished in 1852.

COMMON PLEAS COURT.

The Common Pleas Court was created by
the legislature in 1852. and was given original
and conclusive jurisdiction in all matters le-
lating to the probate of wills, granting of let-
ters testimentary of administration, and
guai dianship. and all other matters hereto-
fore pertaining to the Probate Court whi< h
was abolished. This court also had concur-

UESIDENCE UV Mil. PRANK C. IUtl'1'.

rent jurisdiction with the Circuit Court in all
criminal cases, where the penalty was less
than the penitentiary.

Judge Elisha Egbert was the first judge of
this court, elected in 1853, and served until
his death, November 1870. rlis successors
weie Hon. Edward J. Wood, and Hon. Daniel
Noyes. the latter ot whom was legislated out
of office by the abolishment of the court.

THE NEW COURT HOUSE.
On October 29, 1898, the new and handsome
building, designed as the St. Joseph County

court house was completed. The building was
erected at a cost of $240,000, and is of fire
proof construction, surmounteu by a dome
forty feet in diameter, and fifty-six feet in
height.

This imposing edifice dedicated to the cause
of justice is an ornament to the city, an honor
to all connected with its construction, and has
no superior in the state of Indiana. The ad-
visory committee which acted on the part of
the people, and in conjunction with the County
Commissioners in the erection of this impos-
ing building, was composed of Hon. Clement
Studebaker. Joseph D. Oliver, John B. Stoll,
Elmer Crockett and P. O'Brien.

THE ST. JOSEPH BAR ASSOCIATION.

This association was formed on Uctober S.
1S73, and its first officers were Alvin S. Dun-
bar, president; Lucius Hubbard, secretary, and
A. S. Dunbar. Andrew Anderson, William G.
George, H. E. Huriburt, Joseph Henderson,
Joseph B. Arnold, Jr.. and Lucius Hubbard,
directois.

The first object of the association was to
secure a law nbraiy of an extensive character,
for the use of its mem iters and it succeeded
in securing a valuable collection through the
earnest support of its meni tiers.

Among the honorary members ot the asso-
< iation were: Hon. Daniel Noyes, William S.
Haymond, William H. Calkins, Joseph E.
McDonald. Schuyler Coltax. u. P. Morton. D.
D. Pratt, and a number of otber prominent
attorneys of the state.

The association maintained its existence
until 1892. when the interest in its operations
seemed to wane, and it was finally dissolved.

NEW ASSOCIATION.
In December, 1900, a new association was
organized under the same name, and its pres-
ent membership is sixty-one attorneys prac-
ticing at the local bar. with Judge Walter A.
Funk, the county and deputy county clerk as
honora.y members. The officers ot the new
association are Wilbert Warn, president;
Francis M. Jackson, vice-president; Robert D.
Gardner, secretary, and Francis E. Lambert,
treasui er.

THE POST OFFICE.

The present beautiful post office building is
in striking contrast with the limited quarters
and postal facilities ot early days, and is a
substantial indication of the growth and ex-
pansion and development of this city from a
primitive village in the wilderness to the pres-
ent enterprising and important industiial
center of Northern Indiana.

SOUTH BEND.

The first postmaster was Lathrop M. Taylor,
his commission heing dated June 6, 1829.
This city was then designated by the postal
authorities at Washington as "Southold."

On October 18, 1830, Postmaster General
Bany of the United States changed the name
from "Southold" to South Bend, and on Feb-
ruary 15, 1831, Col. L. M. Taylor was duly
commissioned postmaster of South Bend. The
present building was finished and opened for
business on March 28, 1898, and on April 1,
1898, Horace G. Miller, the present postmaster
assumed the duties of that important position.

country, which was inaugurated May 15, 1899,
has already proven a most satisfactory addi-
tion to the postal service and win be greatly
extended.

FIRE DEPARTMENT.

Prior to the year 1853 South Bend had no fire
department or organized system of protection
in case of fire, and the first organized effort in
that direction was made during this year, when
the "St. Joseph Company, No. 1" was organized,
and a small hand engine was purchased for
its use.

From ■• La Salle in the Valley ol the St. Joseph.1
OLD PORTAGE LANDING ON THE ST. JOE.

The following prominent citizens have held
the office of postmaster since the creation of
the office: L. M. Taylor, Dr. George Rex,
Jeremy Banning, John Harper, John K.
Wright. Ralph Staples, J. N. Massey, E. B.
Farnam, Col. A. B. Wade, George Pfleger,
Sorden Lister, Elmer Ciockett, Walter Harri-
gan and Horace G. Miller.

In every respect South Bend enjoys all the
postal advantages of the most prominent city
in the country, and the rural mail delivery
system to the residents of the surrounding

Anothei company was soon after organized
and in 1857 "Union Hose Company No. 3" was
formed and another engine added to the depart-
ment. In 1865 a steam fire engine was pur-
chased, which was called the "Young Hoosier."

In the fall of 1885 the present municipal fire
department was organized by the City Council,
and since that time has been maintained and
been under control of the city government.

The present fire department of the city is
composed of forty-two men, including the
chief and his assistant, and there is in activa

SOUTH BEND,

service six hose wagons, one chemical engine
and one hook and ladder reserve, with one hose
cait and a hook and ladder truck in reserve,
and each company is supplied with 2,000 feet
of hose.

POLICE DEPARTMENT.

Prior to the incorporation oE the City of South
Bend in 1865, the marshal was the principal
peace officer of the town. In 1S65 the police
force of this city consisted of Daniel Roof, who
was the first marshal of the municipality and
one assistant. His successors in the marshal's
office and who were elected by the people, were
Jacob K. Huston, 1S66; W. Carlton, 1867;
George W. Foulke, 1868 to 1871 ; J. A. Hartmau,
1872; William Crews, 1873; Robert Hardy,
1874-5; George Bernhard, 1876-7; and 18S0 to
1883; E. C. Johnson, 1878-9; Thomas Hoban,
1884-6.

The police department came under the
operation of the Metropolitan law in 189'!.
Major Wilber E. Gorsuch is the present Super-

ST. CASIMIK S CHURCH.

intendent of Police, and is a most able officer.
The force consists of twenty-six men and two
sergeants of police, A. P. Klingel and Oliver
Williams. There are twenty-six public alarm
boxes connected with the department, and
seven private alarms located in the various
public buildings and in a few private residences.
The department also has an excellent ambulance
service, and a patrol wagon is a part of the
general equipment.

Both Police and Fire Departments are now
under the control of the Board of Public Safety.

THE WATER WORKS.

The question of providing a proper and
adequate supply of water for the city had long

been considered, but in 1872 the citizens began
to seriously and energetically agitate the sub-
ject. A water works committee was appointed,
and although a number favored what was
known as the Holly system, a majority believed
the stand-pipe system would prove the best
for the city, and this plan was adopted.

On Monday, November 17, 1873, the iron stand-
pipe was erected in its present position under the
direction of Alexander Staples of this city, ana
was an engineering feat noted throughout the
country and abroad. With a single exception
this is the highest stand-pipe in the world.
The first test of the works was made Christmas
day. 1873 and proved entirely satisfactory.

Until 1875 the works were under the control
of the city council, afterward they were man-
aged by a Board of Trustees, but now they are
under the control of a Board of Public Works
appointed by the Mayor. In 1895 the works
and pumping station on Michigan street, near
the river, were erected, and the city's supply of
water materially increased. The supply is
drawn from sixty-two artesian wells, all of
which are available and flowing constantly.
Thirty-two wells are located at the Central
Pumping Station, and thirty at the North
Pumping Station.

There is a reservoir of 320,000 gallons
capacity connected with the works, and a
cistern, holding 14,000 gallons, which is sup-
plied with water from the St. Joseph river, and
there are over fifty miles of distributing
mains, all of which were constructed at an esti-
mated expenditure of $380,000.

A number of extensions are already in con-
templation and several miles of piping will be
added to the system during the coming year.
M. S. Rogers, the able superintendent of the
water works, has filled that responsible position
since 1898.

SOUTH BEND FUEL AND GAS COMPANY.

The South Bend Fuel and Gas Company
was organized by local capital and by prom-
inent business men of this city. The first
meeting to form the company was held Jan-
uary 7, 1868, and articles ot incorporation
were seemed during that year.

The first works were erected during the
year and in December the gas was turned on
and supplied to 74 consumers at $4.00 per
1,000 feet net. At that time coal gas alone
was manufactured. To-day both coal and
water gas is produced at the works and the
piesent capacity is about 600,000 feet per day,
while the illuminating quality of the gas has
been increased from 16 candle power per five
feet, to 23 candle power, and the price has
been reduced from $4.00 to $1.00 and $1.20

RESIDENCE OF MR. JAMES OLIVER.

SOUTH BEND

per 1,000 feet. The works have been en-
larged and modernized and now it is one of
the best equipped gas plants in the country-

The company has now in operation thirty-
five miles of piping, while extensive additions
are contemplated during 1901, among which is
a line to Mishawaka, which will furnish gas to
the people of that city and to all the inter-
vening territory.

The present officers of the company are:
President, Clem Studebaker, who has held the
office almost since its organization; vice-pres-
ident, J. M. Studebaker; secretary, Chailes
Arthur Carlisle; treasurer, George M. Stude-
baker. Mr. B. W. Perkins, the superintendent
of the company, has neld that responsible
position since 1881 and dunng his connection
with the company most of the improvements
and additions have been made to the works
and the service.

ELECTRIC LIGHTING.

Among the progressive advantages pos-
sessed by the city is an extensive and per-
fectly equipped electric lighting system. The
South Bend Electric Company was incorpor-
ated in 1882 by Judge Thomas S. Stanfleld,
who was the first president of the company;
Andrew Anderson, who acted as treasurer;
James DuShane, who was the secretary of the
company, L. P. Barth and Charles Patch. The
original capital of the company was $18,000.
but it has since been increased to $150,000.
The original capacity of the plant was a ten
arc light machine. This was soon followed
by a fifteen light machine and then by one of
the capacity of fifty lights. The first install-
ment was in a rear room of the old red mill
known as the "Salamander," located on the
west race and was supplied by water power.
Soon after the organization of the company
H. A. and Charles A. Chapin became interest-
ed in the enterprise, a bricK building was
erected and steam power used. The com-
pany, however, steadily increased its service
until this building became too small and the
present splendid new plant was erected on the
east side of the river at a cost of $40,000.
William J. Hunker was elected superintendent
in July, 1899, and in November of tnat year
succeeded M. DuShane as secretary, who had
held the office since the organization of the
company.

The present officers of the company are
Charles A. Chapin, president, and Marshall
Chapin, treasurer. The office of the company
is located in the Nippold building and it also
does a large wiring and supply business.

SOUTH BEND IN THE REBELLION.

During the war of the rebellion, those event-
ful years from 1861 to 1865, when American
loyalty received its greatest test anu glor-
iously triumphed. South Bend bore an honor-
able and important part. Hundreds of her
citizens gave up their lives on Southern battle
fields, and many rose to honor and distinc-
tion in that historic struggle.

The first company was organized April 19.
1861, with Andrew Anderson as Captain, and
it became Co. I, of the Ninth Indiana Volun-
teers, enlisted for three months' service. The
regiment was mustered in at Indianapolis
Apiil 25, with Robert H. Milroy as Colonel,
and was the first to leave the state for the
war, leaving Indianapolis May 29. and report-
ing at Grafton, W. Va.. June 1. The regiment
participated in all the engagements of Gen.
Morris' brigade, at Phillipi, Laurel Hill and
Garrick's Ford, and returned at the close of
its term of service with a fine record.

The Ninth regiment was reorganized Sep-
tember 5, at Laporte, for a three years' cam-
paign and many, of the memDe:s of Company I
reinlisted and served during the war. South
Bend was also represented in Company B of
the Fifteenth regiment.

The 29th regiment was largely recruited
from St. Joseph County and was commanded
by Col. John F. Miller. Henry J. Blowney was
major: Rev. Joseph C. Reed was chaplain and
Dr. Louis Humphreys was surgeon, while the
assistant surgeons were Drs. John 1V1. Stover
and J. R. Brown.

Three companies of the 48th regiment were
recruited from this county. William H. Sut-
phen was captain of Co. B, Thomas B. Rob-
erts of Co. E, and Barnett Byrkett of Co. F.
Col. Norman Eddy commanded the regiment,
Edward P. Stanfleld was adjutant; Dr. L. J.
Ham and Dr. Sylvester Lannmg, surgeons, and
Dr. W. W. Butterworth, assistant surgeon.

The 73d regiment also, was partly composed
of local citizens . It was first commanded by
Col. Gilbert Hathaway of Laporte. and after
his death by Col. Alfred B. Wade of this city.
who was afterward appointed postmaster of
South Bend.

The S7th regiment was organized at South
Bend, August 28, 1862, and Company K was
recruited here.

In the 128th regiment, Company D was en-
tirely made up of residents of South Bend and
the vicinity.

This county also furnished Co. H of the
138th regiment, and of this company Elmer
Crockett, past commander of Auten post and

SOUTH BEND.

President of the Tribune Printing Company,
and Sergeant A. J. Bodkins, ot the police
force, are the survivors. Co. G of the 155th
regiment was also composed principally of re-
cruits from St. Joseph County.

The 12th Indiana regiment of Cavalry con-
tained a strong company from this locality,
and Lieut. Joseph Turnock afterward became
its captain.

The 21st Indiana Battery, light artillery,
also hailed from this locality. The battery

"OLD JESSE.

was organized September 9, 1S62, with W. W.
Andrew of Laporte as captain, and the late
Alfred B. Miller, of the Tribune, enlisted as
quartermaster sergeant and returned as a
lieutenant. W. E. Chess was a lieutenant.

Among the survivors of the 35th Indiana In-
fantry, the famous Irish regiment, are P.
O'Brien, the prominent varnish manufacturer,
and D. C. Hogue. Rev . Father Peter P.
Cooney, of Notre Dame, was chaplain.

Notre Dame also contributed liberally in
men and means to prosecute the war. It sent
Rev. Father William Corby as chaplain or
the famous Irish regiment of New York, com-
manded by Gen. Thomas Francis Meagher.
and the other chaplains furnished by Notre
Dame were: Revs. Father Joseph C. Carrier.
Paul Gillen. James Dillon, Joseph Leveque
and J. Bourget, the last three of which died ot
diseases contracted in the army. Col. William
Hoynes of the Law department of the Univer-
sity also served gallantly in a Wisconsin reg-
iment.

Truly a record for patriotism and valor of
which any city might be justly proud.
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC.
The enduring patriotism of the veterans of
the civil war, who went forth nom tms city

in defense of the nation in the historic years
of the rebellion, is best exemplified in the two
splendid posts of the Grand Army ot the Re-
public which have been orgamzeu nere, and
which still maintain the old war discipline and
harmony, and take active part in an demon-
strations of a public character, and particu-
larly in the beautiful and patriotic ce.emonies
of Decoration Day.

Auten Post No. 8, named alter John Auten,
private in Co. I, Ninth Indiana Volunteeis, the
first soldier from South Bend to sacrifice his
life for his country, was organized August 31,
1866, in Odd Fellows' Hall, it was first organ-
ibed as Post No. 1, District of St. Joseph,
Department of Indiana and the first officers
were: Dr. Louis Humphieys, Post Com-
mander; W. N. Severance, Adjutant; Col.
Alfred B. Wade, Quartermaster.

In 1868 the organization was known as
Auten Post 17, of Indiana, and this continued
until August, 1879. when it become Post 64 of
Department of Illinois, with Alfred B. Miller
as Post Commander; John G. Greenawalt, Ad-
jutant, and W E. Gorsuch. Quartermaster.
The post was subsequently organized under
the Department of Indiana, as Auten Post No.
8, which title it has since retained.

Norman Eddy Post No. 579, was organized
April 27, 1897, and was named in honor of Col.
Norman Eddy, the heroic soldier, wise states-
man and honored citizen of South Bend.
Harvey W. Perkins was the first post com-
mander; Charles A. Pratt, senior vice com-
mander; A. P. Matthews, junior vice com-
mander; W. E. Gorsuch, quartermaster; W. G.
Denman, chaplain: Milton Titus, surgeon.

The post has had a successful and harmonious
existence under Post Commanders H. W. Per-

IIN THE KIVEH.

kins. Charles Pratt, A. P. Matthews and E. P.
Stanfield, and is now in a most prosperous
condition.

In addition to these posts there are two relief
corps composed of ladies known as the Auten
Relief Corps. No. 14, and the Norman Eddy
Relief Corps. No. 1, and those connected with
these organizations have nobly contributed to

SOUTH BEND.

the relief and aid of those who were entitled to
their gentle ministrations.

The Sons of Veterans, composed of the sons
of those who have fought in the battles of the
rebellion has also been organized in this city,
and is in a flourishing condition.

SOUTH BEND IN THE EARLY WARS.

Among those who silently rest in the beau-
tiful grounds of the City Cemetery, are the
heroes who participated in every great
American war from the revolution to the recent
war with Spain.

Of the revolutionary heroes are Peter Roof,
Sr., and Isaac Ross, both of whom lived to a
ripe old age.

Those who fought in the war of 1812 are
Thomas J. Allen, Daniel Cottrell, Ransom Cur-
tis, Archibald Defrees. Christopher W. Emrick,
Daniel Heck, Peter Johnson, John Mack. Sr .
John Sample and John B. Chandonia. The
latter was a half-breed Indian and a trusted
scout of Generals Cass and Harrison in the
wars of 1812-1814, and was noted for his great
bravery His grave is unmarked and
unhonored.

Among those who participated in the Black
Hawk war of 1S32, and the Mexican war, arc
Henry J. Blowney, who was afterward a major
during the rebellion: John H. Fisher, George F.
Frank, Hugh L. Hinds. John Owen, Moses
Pelka, John Pendl, John B. Raymond. William
C. Saunders, Albert Steinbeck and Frank X.
Valare.

THE INDIANA CLUB.

The Indiana Club of this city was organized
on December 19, 1892, with a list of thirty char-
ter members, comprising many of the leading
business men of this city. The first officers
were: P. O'Brien, president; George M. Studc-
baker, vice-president, and John F. Reynolds,
secretary.

The club was first located at the northeast
corner of Michigan and Wayne streets, occupy
ing the entire third floor of the Myers and
Paxsou buildings, and the dedication reception
was held March 23. 1S93. The club was incor-
porated under the laws of the state, August
15. 1S93. and in 1S96 the members of the club
decided to secure larger quarters. The matter
was referred to a committee which after due
consideration advocated the purchase of the T.
M. Studebaker homestead on Main street, and
to improve the property for club purposes.
This suggestion was carried to a successful
arrangement.

It is purely a social club and is composed of
the most prominent men of the social and busi-
ness community of this city, with a number of
non-resident members.

The present officers of the club are: A. D.
Baker, president; Perkins Ellis, vice-president;
E. B. Reynolds, secretary and treasurer:
board of governors for three years, A. D.
Baker, Dr. C. A. Daugherty and George M. Stu-
debaker; for two years, Perkins Ellis, and one
year, E. B. Reynolds, Irving A. Sibley and
George H. Wheelock.

THE COMMERCIAL-ATHLETIC CLUB.

The South Bend Commercial-Athletic Club
found its inception in 1895 when the organiza-
tion of the South Bend Athletic Association
was formed by a number of gentlemen of this
city who are interested in the advancement of
athletics. Later commercial interests were
taken up by the association and in June 1800
the name was changed to the South Bend
Commercial-Athletic Club, by order of the St
Joseph County Circuit Court. Property was
acquired on Colfax avenue and the handsome
and splendidly equipped club house was
erected, and the building was dedicated on
October 1, 189G, and the club has been in
progressive existence since that time.

Hon. A. L. Brick was the first president of
the club, and served two terms, when he was
succeeded by Mr. Lafayette LeVan, who also
served for two years. The present officers of
the club are Dr. D. E. Cummins, president; W.
A. Rutherford, vice-president; E. J. Fogarty,
secretary; John E. Campbell, treasurer. The
directors are Messrs. Lafayette LeVan, D. D.
Bates. John M. Brown, T. P. Moredock and
W. P. Kelley.

ST. JOSEPH COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY

In 1867 the older settlers in his section of the
state decided to form an organization designed
to preserve the history of the city and county
from the early times. As but little of this his-
tory, interesting as it was. had yet been writ-
ten, and as correct and reliable data and
reminiscences could only be obtained from the
personal recollections of those still the proposi-
tion to organize a historical society met with
popular favor and a meeting was called for that
purpose on October 26, 1867, in the city
council room.

The object of the association was declared to
be "to collect the early and correct history of
St. Joseph Valley and especially St. Joseph
County, and to preserve the same in a durable
form." The first officers were Horatio Chapin,
president: Elisha Egbert, Daniel Dayton and
John A. Hendricks, vice-president; William H.
Drapier, secretary and librarian; Thomas S
Stanfield, corresponding secretary, and John T.
Lindsey, treasurer. A number of interesting
papers were read at the various meetings, and

RESIDENCE OF HON. A. L. BRICK.

SOUTH BEND.

much valable historical information was col-
lected and compiled, but after a few years in
terest in the society waned and its meetings
were finally discontinued.

THE NORTHERN INDIANA HISTORICAL
SOCIETY.

On January 22, 1895. a meeting was called in-
viting a number of the citizens and business
men of South Bend interested in historical mat-
ters, the purpose of which meeting was
the formation of a historical society, and
for the collection and safe keeping of such
data, relics, papers and other matters as would
form an interesting addition to the history of
this section of the state. Among those first in-
terested were: Willis A. Bugbee, Richard H.
Lyon, O. M. Knoblock, C. N. Fassett, Charles

ical practitioners of the St. Joseph Valley, and
it was called the "Medical Society of Northern
Indiana." The first meeting was held in the
American Hotel in this city, and the following
were the first officers of the association: Dr.
Asa Egbert, president: Dr. George Rex, vice-
president; Dr. Daniel Dayton, recording secre-
tary; Dr. F. W. Hunt, corresponding secre-
tary; Dr. A. B. Merritt, treasurer. Censors,
Dr. L. B. Rush, Griffin Smith, Lyman Griffin,
J. Chapman and R. L. Groton.

ST. JOSEPH COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY.
This society was practically organized on
July 2, 1855, when a constitution was adopted
and the following officers elected: President,
Dr. Louis Humphreys; vice-president, Dr. R
Pierce; secreta.y. Dr. J. H. Rerick; treasurer.

WASHINGTON STREET EAST FROM HIGH SCHOOL.

H. Bartlett, George Ford, James DuShane.
Howard S. Stanfield, William B. Stover, Georgo
A. Baker, Mary Ewing Studebaker. Flora L.
Stanfield. Martha 0. Hubbard, Bessie A. Baker,
Sarah E. Taylor and Anna Thrush Fassett. The
society was incorporated February 29, 1896, and
to-day has an active membership of nearly one
hundred. The present officers of the society
are: Ex-Judge Timothy E. Howard, president:
Mrs. Howard Stanfield. vice-president; Otto M.
Knoblock, treasurer, and George A. Baker,
secretary.

MEDICAL SOCIETIES.
In May, 1839, the first concerted effort was
made to effect an organization among the rued-

Dr. Jacob Hardman; committee on admission.
Drs. J. B. Buchtel and Reuben Pierce, and
committee on ethics, Drs. D. Dayton, D. B.
Van Tuyl and J. B. Brown.

The society held regular meetings until
1859, when they ceased. On May 12, 1865, it
was reorganized and a new constitution
adopted, but after two years it again sus-
pended, and was again reorganized in 1S75.
and is now in successful operation.

ST. JOSEPH VALLEY MEDICAL SOCIETY.

This association was organized July 10,
1874, in this city and is composed of the
physicians in regular practice from Elkhart.

SOUTH BEND.

St. Joseph and Laporte Counties in Indiana,
and from Cass and Berrien Counties in Mich-
igan. Thirty-eight members assisted in the
organization, and Dr. Loins Humphreys was
elected president, with E. W. McAllister as
secretary. This society is in successful ex-
istence.

HOTELS.

From the first inception of the town of South
Bend, the entertainment of the public has
ever been most hospitably attended to. and
from the first pioneer log tavern of early days
to the imposing Oliver of the present time,
strangers have ever found a hospitable welcome,
and have received the best service which the
conditions of the times and the facilities of
the hotels afforded.

Calvin Lilley was the proprietor of the first
hotel opened in South Bend. It stood upon
the banks of the river and fronted the trail
now known as Vistula evenue. It was a fa-
mous place in its day, and was the resort of
the leading spirits in this section of the coun-
try. It was a rude log house, with low
doorway and diminutive windows, but it was
ably managed by its popular proprietor. The
circuit court of St. Joseph County held its
first session in this tavern.

Among the historic hotels of the early davs
of South Bend was the Old "Union Hall."
which was kept by Benjamin Coquillard. the
father of Alexis Coquillard. and which was
located at the corner of Pearl avenue and
Washington st' eets. It was ouilt in 1830, of
hewn logs, with chimneys of sticks and mud.
and its rough door was supplied with a wooden
latch and buckskin latch string. Mr. Coquil-
lard was most ably assisted by his energetic
wife. Sophia and the hotel acquired a wide
reputation for hospitality and comfort.

Peter Johnson came to South Bend in 1830
and built the Michigan Hotel at the corner of
Michigan ana "Washington streets, where
Coonley's drug store now stands. He paid
$10 for the lot and in 1835 sold the property for
$3,000. and the name was
changed to the American,
with Koehler & Duey as pro-
prietors

The Eagle Hotel soon fol-
lowed at 118-120 Washington
street. It was kept by John
Diehl. The Washington House
was located at the northeast
corner of Main and Washing-
ton streets, and its first pro-
proietor was John Hooper.
Benjamin Wall also erected

a frame tavern at the southeast corner of
Michigan and Jefferson streets which he con-
ducted for several years.

In 1810 the Exchange Hotel, now known as
the New Sheridan, was erected by William L.
Earl, who was its first land.ord. It was after-
ward managed by a Mr. Gibbs. and called the
Gibbs House, and later by Uwight Deming and
known as the Dwight House, and it was after-
\\ ;i (1 known as the Sheridan. It has been
under the control of Sam Regan, Capt. Mills,
J. H. Knight, George Home. William Mason,
John F. Kirby and others, and has undergone

THE OLD OLIVER HOUSE.

many additions and alterations. In 1S95 Bird
Bickford purchased the property and is in con-
trol of the hotel known as the "New Sher-
idan."

Another of the older and well known hos-
telries of this city was the old St. Joe House,
which was located on the north side of Water
street, now Colfax avenue, between Michigan
and Main streets. It was opened to the pub-
lic shortly after the close of the war and was
successfully conducted until 1875.

The old South Bend House located on Mich-
igan street, near Water street, was also a
well known house of entertainment in its day.

THE OLD ST. JOSEPH HOTEL.

The old St. Joseph Hotel, which occupied
the site of the present magnificent Oliver
Hotel, at the northwest corner of Main and
Washington streets, was the first pretentious
hostelry erected in this city.

It was piojected in 1855 by the South Bend
Hotel Company, but this company became
financially involved betore the building was
completed, and the property was sold.

William Ruckman and President Whitten
afterward purchased the property, and were
the owners when it was destroyed by fire in
the spring of 1865. The hotel was a four
story brick structure, and was the largest

SOUTH BEND,

building in the town. The dedication banquet
was held September 10, 1S65, and was at-
tended by leading business men from Cleve-
land, Chicago, Toledo, South Bend. Elkhart
and the surrounding towns. William R. Butts
was the proprietor. The five of 1865 destroyed
the hotel building.

On December 24, 1878, the St. Joseph Block
which occupied the site was destroyed by fire,
the firemen worked vainly to extinguish the
flames while the temperature was five de-

recognition of the worth of Mr. James Oliver,
and the high esteem in which he was held.
The hotel was opened with a brilliant recep-
tion given by J. H. and Godfrey K Knight,
the lessees. It had a capacity of 100 guests,
and on the west was Good s Opera House,
with which it was connected, and the two
buildings were under one roof.

This hotel was successfully run until April
30, 1898, when it was closed preparatory to its
demolition to make way for the stately and

RESIDENCE OF MR. JOSEPH D. OLIVER.

grees below zero. Six buildings were de-
stroyed and with their contents involved a
loss of about $60,000, while several firemen
had their hands and feet frozen.

In the spring of 1879 the owners of the
block decided to rebuild the entire frontage
with a uniform style of architecture, the
lower floors to be occupied as stores and the
upper stories to be devoted to hotel purposes.
They desired to name it the Oliver House in

imposing new "Oliver," which Mr. Oliver had
decided to erect.

THE NEW OLIVER.

The new Oliver Hotel, which was erected
and furnished by the public spiiit and munifi-
cence of Mr. James Oliver, was finished and
dedicated by a grand reception on the even-
ing of December 20. 1898, and on the follow-
ing day was formally opened for business.

SOUTH BEND.

The hotel is one of the most magnificent
structures occupied for hotel purposes in the
west. It has a frontage on Washington street
of one hundred and thirty-five feet, and one
hundred and thirty-five feet on Main street.
It is six stories in height, and of the most
tasteful and imposing design of architecture
in the Renaissance style. The lower floor is
of light colored stone, and the upper stories
of cream colored hrick, with enriched terra
cotta architraves, and with an elaborate and
artistic frieze and cornice of terra cotta. The

ing room, with its flower decked ceiling and
finished in most beautiful designs and with
the highest legard for artistic harmony and
richness.

The paintings in the rotunda are works of
art, and represent in life size figures, the sea-
sons, fine arts, poetry, architecture, sculpture,
painting, the elements, water, fire earth and
air, and music, song, the drama and the dance.
The parlors, the Louis XVI, and the Oriental
rooms are marvels of beauty and finish and
most luxuriously furnished, and the main din-

THE OLIVER HOTEL.

Washington street entrance is marked by a
handsome Doric portico, with massive stone
pedestals, and the Main street entrance is pro-
tected by an elaborately designed porte co-
chere of wrought iron.

The interior decorations and furnishings of
the Oliver are superbly artistic and most beau-
tiful in every detail, from the expansive and
imposing rotunda, with its grand fresco orna-
mentations, to the sleeping apartments upon
the upper floor. The parlors, dining rooms,
guest chambers, halls and corridors are all

ing room, with its flower decked ceiling and
tapestry panels upon the walls, is a dream of
beauty. The spacious banquet room is most
elaborately decorated, the panels in the walls
are finished in crimson silk, with a back-
ground of deep cream colored with gold, while
the ceiling represents a large tinted panel em-
bellished with foity-flve life size allegorical
cherubs emblematic of the arts and seasons.

In every respect the new Oliver Hotel is
one of the most magnificent and imposing edi-
fices and in every detail and finish and furni-

SOUTH BEND.

ture is artistically beautiful, and enduringly
attractive. The present manager of the hotel
is Mr. George E. Wolf, who is one of the
most popular and efficient notel managers in
the country.

One of the chief attractions of the rotunda
of this splendid hotel is a massive and beau-
tiful gold loving cup, presented to Mr. James
Oliver, by his numerous admiring mends in
South Bend. It is of superb design with bas
relief medallions ot Mr. Oliver and his most
estimab.e wife, and miniature rep.oductions
of the pioneer factory and the modern exten-
sive works of the Oliver Chilled Plow Com-
pany. Aside from the great intrinsic and
artistic value it is prized more uy its honor-
able recipient as an evidence of the high es-
teem and waim regard entertained tor him by
his friends and associates in the city which
has been the scene of his struggles and his
great triumphs.

The other hotels in South Bend at the
present time are the Winusor, the Johnson,
and the Columbia.

RIVERVIEW CEMETERY.

The Riverview Cemetery Association was in-
corporated in 1900 by a number of prominent
business men of this city with a capital of $50,-
000, and the work of establishing a new burial
place for South Bend was formally inaugurated.
The site selected is located about two miles
north of the city on the old portage bend of the
St. Joseph river, and which was formerly the
property of James R. Miller. The tract em-
braces about fifty acres and already great
improvements have been made to the grounds,
which have been artistically laid out in
avenues and walks and sections and lots have
been platted with due regard to symmetry and
natural beauty.

A massive stone entrance oi imposing design
has been constructed of native field stone, and
furnished with solid steel and iron gates of
artistic design, and the entire cemetery is
enclosed by a high and substantial iron fence.
A receiving vault, with a frontage of handsome
design, and an entrance building, which com-
bine the material uses of an office and the
sacred functions of a chapel have been erected
which materially add to the architectural
beauty of this picturesque and romantic "God's
Acre." The officers of the company are: Dr.
D. E. Cummins, president; Fred H. Badet, vice-
president; Thomas W. Slick, secretary, and
Elmer Crockett, treasurer. The board of
directors is composed of the officers and
Samuel Good, John W. Teal, Lafayette LeVan,
Albert Myers and Richard H. Lyon.

FRATERNAL SOCIETIES.

The fraternal spirit of South Bend is mani-
fested by the large number of fraternal orders
which have successful organizations in this
city, and all of them in a flourishing anil har-
monious condition .

WOMEN'S CLUBS.

The Progress Club, of South Bend, was
organized in May, 1895. The officers selected
were Catherine C. Esmay, president; Mary
Stull Studebaker, first vice-president; Laura
Putnam Chaffee, second vice-president; Mary L.
Hine, third vice-president; Sarah Louise Kirby,

THE OLIVER LOVING CUP.

recording secretary; Mary Kaufmann Wiggins,
corresponding secretary, and Mary Porter Le-
Van, treasurer. The directors are Olive Tarbell
Birdsell, Elizabeth Kizer, Cora B. Nicar, Sarah
Harris, Albert B. Jones. Carrie Johnson Bast,
Elizabeth G. Kettring and Nellie N. Livingston.
The club has organized departments of history,
literatuie, current events, art, philanthropy
and civics, domestic science and music.

The present membership of the club is one
hundred and thirty, and each department is

SOUTH BEND.

mcst admirably managed. It is the largest
organization of its class in the state of Indiana,
and was instrumental in securing ' he Federa-
tion of Women's Clubs in the state. The
present officers of the club are: Mrs. E. G.
Kettring. president; Mrs. Martha C. Rich, first
vice-president; Mrs. Chester Reynolds, second
vice-president: Mrs. E. L. Clarke, third vice-
president; Helen Baker, recording secretary;
Mrs. F. M. Hatch, corresponding secretary;
Elinor Tong, treasurer.

During its eventful career the club has suc-
ceeded in securing the appointment of a woman

leading' spirit; the Wednesday Club, and the
Shakespeare Club, in which Mrs. Willis A.
Bugbee takes a leading part, and the Century
Club.

MANUFACTURES.

To its great manufacturing industries more
than to any other agency is South Bend in-
debted for its wonderful growth and expansion,
and its present important position among tin
commercial and industrial cities of the country.

The first building erected in this city for
manufacturing purposes was located near the

THE ARNOLD OFFICE BLTLDINli.

upon the school board, and has established and
conducted a free kindergarten for poor chil-
dren during the past four years. The head-
quarters of the club are at No. 307 West Jeffer-
son street.

The other women's clubs in the city are the
Women's Club, which was organized in 1875,
and of which Mrs. Schuyler Colfax is the

intersection of Division and Taylor streets. Ii
was a frame building, about sixty feet by eighty
feet, with an extension, and was built in 1830.
It was constructed for a glass manufacturing
establishment which was started by a company
of which John Brownfield, John T. McClelland
and Johnson Horrell were the chief members.
An expert glass man from the east named

SOUTH BEND,

Samuel Johnson, came here and finding an
excellent quality of sand in this vicinity, ue
experimented with it, and became enthusiastic
over its glass making qualities, and induced the
above named gentlemen to embark in the man-
ufacture of glass.

It was found, however, when too late, that the
clay, which was an important factor in glass
manufacture, could not be obtained at any

O.N THE ST. JOE

reasonable price, and transportation rates were
so exorbitant that it was soon found that the
enterprise would not prove successful or
profitable, and it was soon abandoned. For
years afterward the building, which was used
for public meetings, was known as the "old
glass house," but it eventually was demolished,
the ground laid out in building lots and is now-
covered with comfortable and commodious
residences.

The first manufactory located here which
achieved success and permanency was that of
Mr. Eliakim Briggs, who was the patentee and
manufacturer of a "Traveling Threshing Ma-
chine." which was very popular among the
farmers in the west. His first factory was
located at the northeast corner of Michigan
and Jefferson streets, and was propelled by a
large windmill erected on the premises.

He afterward built an extensive factory at
the southwest corner of Vistula avenue and
Wayne streets, which he occupied for a number
of years. Mr. Briggs employed a number of
young men in his factory who afterward be-
came prominent manufacturers and business
men in this city. He died in 1865, but the old
factory remained standing until two years ago.
when it gave place to the car barns of the
Indiana Railway Company.

Mr. John Studebaker, the father of the pres-
ent Studebaker Bros., was also early engaged

in business here, and soon after his arrival in
South Bend he opened a wagon repair and
blacksmith shop, where he toiled early and late
to earn a subsistence for his family which con-
sisted of five sons and five daughters. He was
noted for his great hospitality, and the emi-
grants who passed here on their way west, were
the recipients of his generosity. No one was
ever turned from his door and during the win-
ter he would be awake all night attending the
fire to keep his guests comfortable.

President Whitten and the Chockelt Bros,
were also extensive manufacturers of wagon.;
in this city, the former disposing of his in-
terests to the Studebaker Bros., and the latter
industry being now conducted by Mr. Edmund
A. Chockelt.

Among the other leading manufacturing in-
dustries which contributed their giant's share
to the advancement of the city, are the Oliver
Plow Works, the Studebaker Bros. Manufactur-
ing Company, the Coquillard Wagon Works,
the Singer Sewing Machine Company, the Mal-
leable Steel Range Compauy, the South Bend
Malleable Iron Works, the Staley Woolen Mills,
the Indiana Lumber Company, the Sandage
Steel Skein Company, the Folding Paper Box
Company, Smith & Jackson, the Hoke Manu-
facturing Company, the Bissell Chilled Plow
Works, the South Bend Pulley Company, C. C-.
Folsom, the South Bend Toy Manufacturing

ABOVE THE l'OHTAGE.

Company, and a host of others whose histories,
progress and present development are recited
more fully in another portion of this volume.

THE CITY HALL.

For the first time in its history South Bend
will possess a building which will be especially
devoted to the administration of municipal
affairs, and which will afford a proper home

SOUTH BEND

for the various departments of the city govern-
ment. The City Hall will be erected on the
east side of Main street, north of Colfax avenue,
and will be a magnificent structure in the
French renaissance style of architecture and
will be completed ready for occupancy on April
1, 1902.

The building will be 72 feet in front on Main
street by 158 feet deep, three stories in height,
with a massive high sloping roof of tile, and
with an ornamental clock tower, which extendi
to the height of 115 feet. The exterior will be
constructed of Bedford stone, with ornamental
carvings, and with pressed brick panels to re-
lieve the general artistic effect.

All of the city departments will be provided
with commodious offices for the comfort and
proper transaction of official business has been
made. The lower floor of the building will be
devoted to the policy department. Here are
also located the Police Court, the Sergeant's
office, the general lock-up, and two strong cell
rooms. The street commissioner's office and
the engineer's testing room are also located on
this floor. In the rear in a special building
erected for the purpose the stables and patrol
and ambulances of the police department will
be kept.

On the first floor the offices of the various
city officials will be located, and spacious
rooms have been provided for the city clerk,
city comptroller, city engineer, the various
hoards of the city administration, chief of police
and other necessary offices On the upper floor
will be located the office of the mayor, the water
works commissioners, the board of health, and
a handsome and spacious council chamber, with
the necessary committee and
ante rooms. The council
chamber will be elaborately
and artistically decorated
and furnished with every
accessory of a modern mu-
nicipal legislative hall.

A massive stairway, orna-
mented with artistically
wrought iron railings and
marble steps, will lead to
the upper floors of the
building, and the main floors
will be laid in mosaic of
handsome design. The of-
fices will be finished in
quarter-sawed white oak,
and the walls and ceilings
will be painted and frescoed
in a tasteful manner.

Every arrangement has
been made for the disposal
of the many departments of

the city government by Messrs. Freyermuth &
Maurer, the architects of the building, and when
finished it will be one of the handsomest and
most imposing municipal buildings in the state.
The building will be erected at a cost of $80.-
000 and through the public spirit and generosity
of Mr. James Oliver, the funds necessary to
construct the building will be advanced by him,
and will be repaid to him out of the tax levy
from year to year until the entire amount is
repaid.

THE NEW CITY CHARTER.

After long, serious and earnest considera-
tion it was decided to request, from tne legis-
lature of the state, the adoption of a special
chaiter for the government of the city, which
after some delay and many amendatory sug-
gestions, was finally adopted and has become
a law.

Many clauses of the new charter became op-
erative immediately upon its approval by the
governor, but it will not become in general
force and effect until 1902, when the first
municipal election under its provisions will
be held. Under the terms of this chaiter the
elective city officers will consist of a mayor,
a city judge, a city clerk, one councilman from
each of the seven wards of the city, and three
councilmen at large.

The office of City Treasurer will be abolish-
ed and his duties will be performeu by the
County Treasuier. The Boarus of City Com-
missioners and Park Commissioners are also
abolished, and the police department will no
longer be under the metropolitan system.

Departments for the management of the af-
fairs of the city have been created, and the
Mayor is authorized to make all appointments
in these vaiious branches of city government.
The new municipal bureaus are:

Department of Finance.

Department of Law.

Department of Public Works.

Department of Safety.

Department of Health and Charities.

Department of Assessments and Collections.

No other executive or administrative depart-
ment shall be established in the city, during
the existence of this chaiter. and no person
shall be appointed head of a department un-
less he shall have been a resident oi the city
for three years.

THE CITY COURT.

A city court is created, to be presided over
by the City Judge, who must be an attorney
at law, and the Superintendent of Police and
members of the police force are required to

SOUTH BEND,

perform such duties, and are subject to such
orders as the City Judge shall require.

The City Judge shall have criminal juris-
diction in all eases m which the penalty does
not exceed the term of three yea.s imprison-
ment in the penitentiary or the imposition of
a fine does not exceed Sl.Ouo. He also has
jurisdiction in all cases which properly are
heard by a Justice of the Peace.

CITY COUNCIL.

The City Council shall have the power to
enact ordinances for the protection of city

The council shall also have power to fix
salaries, and perfect supervision over all de-
partments, offices and employes of the city,
and are authorized to order the taking of a
census. In addition to these they have gen-
eral powers of city government, and may pro-
vide for the appointment of a City Comptrol-
ler, and a City Attorney will also be appointed
by the Mayor, and also to open all streets and
alleys and nighways ordered by the Board of
Public Works. The council shall also have
the power to order the levy of an annual tax
not exceeding the rate of $1.25 per every $100

RESIDENCE <>F DR. J. A. VARIER.

property; to examine into the affaiis of any
corporation, board or department in which the
city is interested. No new wards are to be
created, but present wards may be readjusted
in order to equalize population, for six years,
unless the annexation of new territory makes
it necessary to create a new ward.

valuation for any one year, and shall have the
power to borrow money to an amount not ex-
ceeding two per cent, of the taxable property of
the city, and may oider the issuance of bonds,
negotiable or otherwise, with interest not ex-
ceeding five per cent, and running not more
than thirty years.

THE NEW CITY HALL.

SOUTH BEND.

DEPARTMENTS.

The Department of Public "Works shall have
charge of all matters which formerly were
under the supervision of the City Commission-
ers, Water Works Trustees and Park Com-
missioners, which offices are all abolished.
All expenses incurred by this board shall be

THE OLD JAIL.

payable out of the general lunds of the city
appropriated to the use of the board and avail-
able for its p;actical purposes, except where
it is directed that the same shall be paid for
by a regular assessment against property
holders.

The board shall also manage, control and
conduct the water works of the city, and shall
have the power to assess and collect a water
rent of sufficient amount upon all tenants and
piemises supplied with water. It shall also be
authorized to make contracts for increasing
the buildings and the service of water in the
city when necessary, and shall have charge
of all public cemeteries.

The Department of Public Safety shall con-
sist of three commissioners, appointed by the
Mayor, and shall have the care, management,
supervision and exclusive contiol of all mat-
ters pertaining to the police and Are depart-
ments, fire alarms, telegrapn, inspection of
buildings and boilers, market places and food
sold therein, and shall have power to purchase
all necessary supplies and apparatus and shall
adopt rules for the government of the police
and fire departments.

It shall appoint a Superintendent of Police,
Chief of Fire Department, and all other mem-
bers of the police and Are forces. The chiefs

of these two departments, however, to have
full charge of the departments, subject to the
rules and regulations adopted by the board.

After the Arst Monday in September, 1902,
the office of City Treasurer shall be abolished,
and thereafter the County Treasurer shall re-
ceive and collect the taxes of the city for city
and school purposes, and fulAl all duties now
performed by the City Treasurer.

The Department of Health and Charities
shall be under the contiol of one commis-
sioner, who must be a practicing physician,
and who shall be appointed by the Mayor.

The City Comptroller is the head of the De-
partment of Finance, and he shall submit an-
nually a general statement or estimate of
city expenditures, and for other city purposes
for the ensuing year, and he shall i>ave gen-
eral charge of the Anances of the city.

The Mayor is held responsible for the acts
of all boards appointed by him and of alj
subordinate officers, and the intention of the
new charter is to place the city government
upon a well systematized and properly man-
aged business basis.

CITY OFFICERS.

The officers of the city government are as
follows:

Mayor, Schuyler Colfax.

City Clerk, L. A. Hull; deputy, H. L. Hull.

City Treasurer, W. A. Rutherford; deputy,
T. J. Walsh.

City Attorney, Wilbert Ward; deputy, S. E.
Boys.

City Comptroller, E. P. StanAeld.

City Engineer, A. J. Hammond; deputies,
W. S. Mooie, W. E. Graves and Henderson
McClellan.

Health Commissioner, Dr. C. M. Butterworth.

THE VANDALIA DEPOT.

Street Commissioner, J. W. Fites.

Board of Public Works, A. L. Hubbard,
Samuel Leeper and Charles L. Goetz.

Board of Public Safety, R. 0. Cotton, George
Feasor and A. J. Ward.

SOUTH BEND.

Chief File Department, Irving A. Sibrel;
assistant, William Smith.

Superintentlant of Pom e. Wilber E. Gor-
such; Sergeants. A. P. Klingel and O. W. Wil-
liams.

Building Inspector, Jacob S. Kerner.

Water Works Superintendent. M. S. Rogers;
assistant, Charles Creviston.

City Sexton, John Beck.

MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL.

First Ward — John Beyrer, Henry F. Elbel.
Second Ward — George A. Knoblock. H. T.
Montgomery.

Third Ward — Frank Essex, J. H. Hartzer.
Fourth Ward — P. A. Joyce. Gust. Stuecke.

given place to the stately mansions and lux-
urious residences — primitive school houses have
been supplanted by temples of learning of
architectural beauty and design, and equipped
with every modern appliance known to the
higher educational ethics of the century, and
modest houses of worship have expanded into
magnificent churches whose spires reach aloft
to kiss the skies.

The rude Indian trails, the high roads and
lanes of the early times have now become hand-
somely paved streets and broad thoroughfares,
shaded by magnificent trees, while along their
borders are erected the handsome and imposing
residences of the great manufacturers, the
progressive merchants, the homes of men of all

RESIDENCE OF MR. CHARLES ARTHUR CARLISLE.

Fifth Ward— J. N. Thumm, J. H. Loughman.

Sixth Ward — Peter Koczoiowski. Leo. M.
Kucharski.

Seventh Ward — W. H. Kingsley. M. J. Som-
ers.

SOUTH BEND OF TO-DAY.

The past of this great city is secure. Its his-
tory is a glowing epitome of hardy and self-
sacrificing struggle, of laudable ambition, of
heroic effort and of glorious eccomplishmeiu.
The wilderness has been redeemed. The haunts
of the animals of the forest, and the villages
of the Indian, have been transformed into a
magnificent city, where civilization abounds and
art, literature and science have found a per-
manent home.

The rude log houses of the pioneers have

lirofessions. and here also, in luxurious ease,
reside many of the venerable but sturdy men
who in the early times by their energy and
skill, foresight and industry have contributed co
the glorious results of the present clay.

A GREAT CITY.

At the threshold of the twentieth century this
magnificent city comprises an area of six square
miles, or nearly tour thousand acres of valuable
land, while on every side broad prairies and
far reaching tracts with a population of forty-
five thousand progressive people, afford every
facility for substantial expansion in the future.
It has become one of the greatest manufactur-
ing centers on the American continent, nearly
200 industrial establishments being located
within its borders, whose products are born.'

SOUTH BEND

on the swift wings of commerce to every clime.
From a manufacturing standpoint the
progress of this city is illimitable. Every
needed facility is here afforded for the erection
of mammoth industrial establishments, and the
liberal spirit and sturdy enterprise of her people
offer alluring inducements for such locations.

TRINITY PRESBYTERIAN CHURCn.

Eight great railways enter the city, and nearly
fifty miles of railway tracks are laid within the
city limits, while nearly forty passenger trains
enter and leave this point daily. Of the
freighting facilities thus afforded, but a meager
estimate can be made, but when the possibilities
of railroad enterprise is considered it may be
said that the future growth of South Bend as a
manufacturing city is destined to far exceed
the most sanguine prophecies of her most
optimistic advocates.

Already there are located within her domain
the largest vehicle manufactory, the largest
plow works, the largest sewing machine case
factory, the largest toy works and one of the
largest shirt factories in the world, and new
and magnificent enterprises are negotiating
for favorable sites within her borders.

ITS WONDERFUL GROWTH.

As an evidence of the substantial material
growth of this city, it may be stated that La
1845, when the town was organized, the total
value of taxable property in Portage township,
as shown by the records of the township
assessor, was but $339,599. In 1865, when thG
city of South Bend was incorporated, the total
valuation of taxable property in the township
was $559,435, thus showing a most satisfactory

increase. But in 1900, after thirty-five years
cf steady development, the books of the tax
assessor show a taxable valuation on lots in
South Bend alone, of $5,672,560; on improve-
ments, $4,580,690, and on personal property,
$4,225,130, and deducting the amount of mort-
gaged indebtedness allowed by the law of $519,-
property located within the city limits is esti-
900, leaves a total valuation of $13,958,480 for
the year 1900, while the actual value of the
mated at $30,000,000. Truly a magnificent
record of but at little more than a third of a
century's development and progress as a.
municipality.

In the matter of steadily increasing popula-
tion, also, South Bend furnishes another strik-
ing illustration of substantial advancement. In
1831 the population of the city, then in the
wilds of northern Indiana, was. according to
reliable authority, but 128. According to suc-
ceeding census reports of the United States
government, in 1840 the population had in-
creased to 727; in 1850, 1,653 residents were
enumerated in this city; in 1860, 3,832 people
claimed South Bend as their home; in 1870 the
returns showed 7,206 inhabitants; in 1880 the
number had increased to 13,392; in 1890 to 21,-
873, and at the last census, taken at the close
of the nineteenth century, the population of
the city was reported by the government
enumerators as 35,999, and it is claimed by
many that this report failed to do full justice

RESIDENCE OF MR. VOL TOEIT.

to the phenomenal growth of the city in popula-
tion, which they confidently assert is nearly
40,000.

ATTRACTIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS.
Within the incorporated limits of the city
there are laid out and opened for public use

SOUTH BEND.

one hundred and three miles of streets and
alleys, nearly eighteen miles of which are paved
with brick, four miles of asphalt pavement and
three miles of other substantial materials, while
arrangements are being made for the paving of
many additional streets in the near future.

That the city authorities are alive to the im-
portance of substantial street improvements
is evidenced from the fact that since 1889 there
has been expended for this purpose $1,292,937.61,
and in 1900, alone, the amount expended by the
city for street improvements was $283,145.33.

Nor has the city been unmindful of the
healthful recreation of her people, for it ha"3
one hundred and nine acres of splendidly
located land, set apart for public parks, all of
whch give evidence of the artistic work of the
landscape gardener and are of surpassing nat-
ural beauty. In Howard Park there are fifteen
acres; in Springbrook Park thirty-eight acres,
which will be materially increased, and in Stu-
debaker Park fifty-six acres.

As an educational center South Bend is un-
surpassed. Its massive school buildings are
models of art, convenience and adaptability,
and are most admirably conducted. The
schools and academies of the Catholic church,
and other religious denominations located here.

RES. OF MR. W. E. GELTZ.

are all in a most flourishing condition, and
contribute their powerful influences to the
proper rearing of the young, and the advance-
ment of the higher standards of civilization and
progress.

The great University of Notre Dame and the
beautiful St. Mary's Academy are also located

here, and the fame of these two institutions has
been carried to every portion of the civilized
globe. No city of its dimensions possesses such
high educational advantages as this great in-
land city of the west. South Bend.

The water supply of the city is of the finest
and is practically inexhaustible, and its sewage
outlet combines all the essential elements of

RESIDENCE OF MR. GEO. HODSOX.

healthfulness and sanitation, while the immense
water power of the St. Joseph river has con-
tributed a mighty factor to the wheels of
industry and the excellence of its manufactures.

The street railway service of South Bend is
of a character demanded by the progressive
necessities of a progressive people, and al-
though numerous extension of the system are in
course of construction, the present service is
most commendable and satisfactory. There
are ten miles of street railway tracks within the
city limits, and twenty-five miles of suburban
tracks, and the commodious coaches are pro-
pelled by electricity. The cities of Goshen.
Elkhart and Mishawaka are brought within
easy distance of South Bend by this convenient
agency, and in the near future other branches
will lie constructed linking this city with the
thriving towns and villages on the north and
west.

The financial necessities and requirements of
the city are amply and satisfactorily conserved.
There are three successful and well managed
National Banks located here, and a Savings

SOUTH BEND.

Bank whose deposits represent the thrift,
economy and general prosperity of her peoplo.
The deposits of the St. Joseph County Savings
Bank of this city, compare most favorably with
similar institutions located in cities whose
population far outnumbers that of South Bend.
Two Loan and Trust companies are also in
successful operation here, and reflect the finan-
cial security and progressive spirit of the people.
Through the public spirit and generosity of
Mr. James Oliver and the Messrs. Studebaker
two magnificent temples of the drama have
been erected in this city, which afford every
facility for healthful amusement, intellectual
advancement and dramatic entertainment that
can possibly be desired. The tasteful and cosy

Oliver Opera House, and the stately and com-
modious Auditorium, are magnificent archi-
tectural aditions to the city, and stand as en-
during monuments to the liberality and civic
pride of their honored projectors.

THE FUTURE.

This is the South Bend of to-day. Of the
future naught may be definitely foretold. But
from the record of its glorious past and the
living evidences of its present greatness among
the cities of the west, the future years will but
add lustre to her fame and coming historians
will chronicle her grand achievements along
the lines of increased prosperity and expanding
magnitude.

Historical Painting In St. Joseph County Court House. By permission of Arthur Thomas, Artist. N . Y.

LA SALLE AT THE MIAMI TREATY, MAY, 1681.

ON '/THE BANKS OF THE WINDING RIVER,

SOUTH BEND.

University of Notre Dame.

ONE of the leading educational institu-
tions of America conducted under the
benign influences of the Catholic Church
is the great University of Notre Dame, or
Notre Dame du Lac, as it is more properly
named, and which is located about two miles
noith of this city. From a rough two story
log house whicn served the triple purposes
of chapel, school house and dormitory in lS4n

superior on the continent within its lines nr
upon the plane upon which it was established.
To the Congregation of the Holy Cross, a re-
ligious order which had its origin in the city
of Mans, Prance, this great institution owes
its inception and its present prominent po-
sition in the religious and educational world.
The society was founded by Abbe Moreau, and
Father Sorin became one of its earliest and

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UNIVERSITY OF NOTJiB DAME.

to the present collection of expansive and
stately edifices which now grace the beauti-
ful grounds of Notre Dame, was but the grand
realization of the dreams and earnest labors
of its nonorcd founder and first president
Very Rev. Edward Sorin. The fame of the
University of Notre Dame extends over the
entire civilized globe, and its influence for
good and the upbuilding of humanity is felt
in every strata of modern society. It is sui
generis, and stands alone a perpetual monu-
ment to the memory of those heroic and self-
sacrificing fathers led by Father Sorin who
came to the wilderness of Northern Indiana,
and there laid the foundations, deep and sure,
of an educational institution which has no

most devoted members. The young priest had
listened to the glowing words of Bishop Brute,
of Vincennes, Indiana, when he was in France
seeking missionary assistance for the wilds
of Indiana, and when later his successor
Bishop Hailandiere applied to Bishop Moreau
for clerical volunteers for Indiana missions,
Father Sorin was the first to offer himself for
the great work. His offer was accepted and
with four brothers and two novices Father
Sorin left the Mother House at Mans on
August 5, 1842, and set out upon his journey
to the far off field of his life's labor. The
little party arrived in New York on Septem-
ber 13, and then traveled to Vincennes, where
they located for over a year gaining several

SOUTH BEND

accessions to their order. To them the bishop
made an offer of a tract of land he owned on
the St. Joseph river provided they would
erect a college there within two years. This
offer was accepted and on November 16, 1842.
Father Sorin and his associates sought the
new location in the wilderness and arrived on
the shores of lake St. Mary on November 26
The weather was bitterly cold but they were
deeply impressed with the beauty of the
country which was to be the scene of their
future labors. It was on this spot that Fathers
Badin, De Seille and Petit had labored ou
their mission and the Indians had already
learned the beauties of the Christian faith.

A log structure twenty-four feet by forty-
six feet was erected in December in which
they remained during the winter, which was
a most severe one. A square brick house wag
erected the following year which served for a
time for college purposes, and Alexis Co-
quillard became the first student of this primi-
tive institution. The little colony was in-
creased by the arrival from France of Rev.
Francis Cointet, who died of cholera in 1853,
Fathers Marivault and Gouesse, one brother
and four sisters, and in August 1843 the archi-
tect and two workmen came from Vincennes
to erect the college building. But the colony
was without funds, and the erection of the
buildings seemed an impossibility, when
Father Marivault offered to donate $1,200.00,
which was due him in Fiance, and with a
credit of $2,000.00 at his store offered by
Samuel Byerley, of South Bend, and a loan of
$500.00 in cash, work was commenced and the
corner stone of the new building was laid
on August 28, 1843, and by the end of the year
the walls were up and the building under
cover, while the next season the interior was
finished. This building was eighty feet by
thirty-six feet, four stories high, and to this
the students were at once removed from the
first building, and in August, 1844, the first
exercises took place. In January, 1844,
through Assemblyman Hon. John D. Defrees,
a charter was secured for the university en-
abling it to confer degrees, and this act was
the legal inception of the present famous Uni-
versity of Notre Dame. In May, 1844, the
corner stone of the chapel of the Novitiate
on the Island was laid, the building completed
and consecrated December 8, and on the same
day the Arch Confraternity, the oldest reli-
gious society at Notre Dame, was established.
This chapel was used until 1848, when a new
brick church was consecrated. The first an-
nual course of study was begun in September,
1844, and the first commencement exeicises

were held August 1, 1845, the first hoy to
carry off the honors of the institution being
an orpban boy from Philadelphia, named Ha-
guin. The first faculty of the college consisted
of the following: Father Sorin, president;
Father Alexis Granger, vice president; Father
Cointet, professor of ancient languages;
Father Gouesse, music; Brother Gatien, mathe-
matics, Rev. E. Shaw, rhetoric; Gardener
Jones, English composition, and Denis
O'Leary, Brother Basil, Father Shortis, Prof.
Girac and Prof Burns, general tutors. The
first catalogue of students was issued in
1818, and the commencement took place in
July. At the commencement in 1849 the first
Bachelor of Arts was graduated, Neil H. Gil-
lespie, who was ordained priest in 1856. The
Manual Labor school was also chartered In
1844, and here the hoys were taught the
practical use of tools and the various import-
ant trades. In 1851 the Lake Shore railroad
was completed to South Bend, and during that
year Notre Dame was granted post office
privileges by the government through the in-
fluence of Henry Clay. In 1853 it was found
necessary to erect the two wings of the origi-
nal college owing to the increase of the num-
ber of students, and during this year the
cholera became epidemic and many of the
worthy brothers succumbed to the terrible
disease, among the first being Father Coin-
tet. In 1856 the present chime of twenty-
three bells arrived from France and was
placed in the new church of the Sacred Heart.
During the civil war Notre Dame contributed
heroically to the struggle and scarcely a bat-
tle was fought in which the students of this
institution did not take part. Father Sorin
sent seven priests, Fathers William Corby.
Peter P. Cooney, Joseph C. Carrier, Paul Gil-
len. James Dillon, Joseph Leveque and Bour-
get, as chaplains in the army, and a number of
sisters under the charge of Mother Angela
rendered most invaluable service as nurses in
the hospitals of the south and west. In No-
vember, 1863, the number of registered stu-
dents had increased to 230 and the original
buildings were found too small to accommo-
date those who desired admission to the col-
lege, consequently in 1865 preparations were
made to remove the old buildings and erect
a newer, handsomer and more extensive col-
lege in every particular. During this year
Father Patrick Dillon assumed the presidency
and with the aid of Prof. Lucius G. Tong, and
Prof. J. A. Lyons, he added the commercial
to the classical course of the university, and
later aided by Rev. Joseph C. Carrier he es-
tablished the scientific course and supplement-
ed the degrees in arts with the degrees of
Bachelor and Master of Science, and the first

SOUTH BEND.

Bachelor of Science was Dr. John Cassidy
of South Bend. The study of medicine was
also introduced and placed in charge of Rev.
Father Neyron, who nad been a surgeon in
Napoleon's army before he became a priest.
The new building, eighty feet by one hundred
and sixty feet, and six stories high was dedi-
cated in May, 1866, by Archbishop Spalding
of Baltimore, and shortly afterward Father
Dillon left the presidency and went to France.

H. Lyons; secretary. Frof. Michael T. Corby;
orator, Edmund B. Kilroy, of Port Sarnia; al-
ternate orator, James O'Brien, of Galena, 111.;
poet, Prof. Timothy E. Howard, and alternate
poet. Prof. Arthur J. Stace. The silver jubilee
of the college was celebrated with imposing
ceremonies in 1869 and were in honor of
Father Sorin who had been elevated to the
office of Superior General of the Congregation
of the Holy Cross in 186S. A number of liter-

MAIN BCILDING, FRONT VIEW.

Father William Corby succeeded to the presi-
dency and filled that office until 1S72. During
his administration the number of students in-
creased, the courses of study were rearranged,
and the institution placed on a par with the
leading eastern colleges. On June 2,7, 1868,
tne Alumni Association of the college was
organized, it being first suggested by Francis
C. Bigelow, and the officers elected were:
President, Neil H. Gillespie; vice-presidents,
Francis C. Bigelow, of Ohio, and James B.
Runnion, of Chicago; treasurer, Prof. Joseph

ary publications were issued at Notre Dame
but none attained permanency until in 1865
when Father Sorin established the Ave Maria,
which soon gained a circulation of over 25,-
000 weekly and was sent all over the world.
The Ave Maria is now one of the best of the
Catholic publications. In 1867 Father Corby
practically established The Scholastic, and
this brilliant magazine is successful and
regularly published at the college. Early in
the seventies a thorough course in civil en-
gineering and a partial course in medicine

SOUTH BEND.

were established, and ten years later Fattier
Walsh, with the assistance of Fathers Zah.ni
and Kirseh added courses in applied electricity,
mechanical engineering and biology, all of
which departments are now in a most flourish-
ing condition. In February, 1869, Father Cor-
by founded a law department which was
opened under the direction of Prof. Colovin,
with Peter Foote, Francis C. Bigelow and Hon.
Lucius C. Tong, as assistants. In 1883 Prof.
William Hoynes was placed in charge and the

Father Corby, who was again called to the presi-
dency, with Rev. Thomas E. Walsh as vice-presi-
dent and director of studies. One of the first
acts of the new administration was to improve
the facilities for athletic exercises. Base ball
and foot ball was introduced, and now a campus
of thirty acres is set apart for these popular
games On the morning of Wednesday, April
23, 1879, a terrible disaster befell the college, and
the extensive main college building with five
other buildings were destroyed by fire, with all

THE GROTTO.

course was made three years. In 1872 Father
Augustus Lemonnier was appointed president
and he served until 1874. Under his admin-
istration a school of painting, under the cele-
brated Roman artist Gregori, was founded, and
a circulating library created. Father Lemon-
nier, however, died October 29, 1874, with many
of his brilliant plans for the development of
the college yet untried. He was succeeded by
Rev. Patrick J. Colovin who acted as president
until 1877, and he, in turn, was succeeded by

their priceless accumulated treasures of years.
Father Sorin, who was then in his sixty-sixih
year was on his way to Rome at the time, and
had lingered in Montreal on the journey. The
news was a severe shock to him, but he rallied
at once, and giving up his proposed journey, he
returned immediately to Notre Dame, his great
mind filled with thoughts of rebuilding the great
college on broader and grander lines, and on his
arrival he commenced to plan for the new build-
ings he intended to erect. In September of tho

SOUTH BEND

same year the present administration build-
ing, far superior in every respect to the old
one, was finished and the returning stu-
dents at once resumed their studies. The im-
posing edifice is of the neogothic style of
architecture, four stories high, shaped like
the letter T and surmounted with a stately
and magnificent dome. The interior is deco-
rated by Luigi Gregori the Italian artisc,
with frescoes illustrating the life of Columbus,
with full length portraits of Columbus and
Queen Isabella illuminating the spacious vest! -
bule. The interior of the dome is also painted
in allegorical subjects by Gregori. These paint-
ings were finished and the dome opened with

to the main building, Sorin Hall was buiit
and in 1882 St. Edward's Hall for the use
of the minims was erected. On June 30,
1883, the corner stone of Science Hall was
dedicated by Rt. Rev. John Watterson, Bishop
of Columbus. Under President Walsh there
was also erected the Institution of Technol-
ogy, Mechanics' Hall and an Astronomical Ob-
servatory. The buildings of the university com-
pleted under Presidents Corby and Walsh 'are
the main building three hundred and twenty
feet by one hundred and fifty-five feet built of
yellow brick, with a dome covered with pure
gold leaf and surmounted by a statue of the
Blessed Virgin, crowned with a halo of electric

VIEW OF THE CAMPUS, LOOKING EAST.

appropriate ceremonies on May 29, 1890, when
Bishop Keane delivered a masterly oration.
This building is furnished with every modern
convenience, the rooms and halls are devoted to
every department of Knowledge known to the
modern university, and supplied with every ap-
pliance and apparatus for the successful prosecu-
tion of every branch of study. Rev. Thomas E.
Walsh assumed the presidency of the university
in 1881, and most ably filled that distinguished
office until his death in 1S93. Although but
twenty-eight years of age he was a ripe scholar,
a man of superior mental qualifications and
possessed of broad and comprehensive views.
During his administration two wings were added

lights, two hundred and seven feet above the
ground. Music Hall, or the Academy of Music,
with its Washington Hall, is one hundred and
seventy feet by one hundred feet and over one
hundred feet high. It is octagonal in form,
with ample stage, and seats about 1,500. It is
lighted by electricity. Sorin Hall is one hun-
dred and forty-four feet by one hundred and
twelve feet, and contains the law lecture room,
the court room, the law library, and is also
used as a dormitory for the students in the ad-
vanced classes. Science Hall is one hundred
and four feet by one hundred and thirty-one
feet, divided into two compartments, and is re-
plete with every appliance for the successful and

SOUTH BEND.

comprehensive study of modern science, and
Mechanics' Hall, which is equipped fully with all
implements and tools essential to the acquire-
ment of technology. The Astronomical Obser-
vatory comprises a revolving dome, telescope,
transit instrument and computing rooms in
which are smaller instruments and reference
works of great value. The Infirmary building
is two hundred feet Dy forty-live feet, and is
fully supplied with every accessory required by
such a needed institution, and has a full corps
physicians and nurses in constant attendance.

In 188S Father fcjorin celebrated the fiftieth
anniversary of his elevation to the priesthood.
In May, 1891, he made his last journey 10
Europe. He was accompanied by Father Zahm,
but he did not remain long, and in 1S92 he visit-

with the progressive spirit of the institution and
of its venerable and honored founder. Under
Father Morrissey's administration the grand
work projected by his predecessors has been
carried to successful completion He has added
a number of new and progressive studies to the
curriculum of the college, not the least of which
is a department of journalism which is most
ably conducted by capable professors and which
involves most careful and progressive mental
training. Washington Hall has been beautifully
frescoed, and additional wings have been erected
at Sorin Hall, while a magnificent gymnasium
two hundred and forty feet by one hundred feet
has been erected. This building was destroyed
by fire in 1900, but the energetic management of
the university at once rebuilt it and it is now
a much better equipped building than the origi-

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VIEW ACROSS ST

ed the Atlantic coast for the uenefit of his fail-
ing health. In Februaiy, 1893, he entered upon
the eightieth year of his noble life, but death
came to him before its close, and his gentle
spirit passed away on the 31st day of October.
Father Walsh also died this year. In the spring
he visited Texas on his return from France,
and at the close of the season he went to Wis-
consin to seek health and relief, but death
came to him on July 17th, and his great earthly
labors were ended. Father Andrew Morrissey,
the seventh president and present directing
head of Notre Dame, was selected for this ex-
alted position by the expressed wish of his pre-
decessor, Father Walsh, and by the desire of
Father Sorin, the founder of the university, and
the entire faculty. Father Morrissey had been
identified with Notre Dame since he was a boy
twelve years of age, and was thoroughly imbued

. TOSEVn'S LAKE.

nal. Father Morrissey has also erected an addi •
tional hall for students dormitories, and has per-
fected plans for a handsome new fire proof
building for library purposes. The college
grounds embrace an area of 900 acres and are
most beautifully laid out, while the natural
beauties of the location are unsurpassed. The
present enrollment of students at the University
is 800, and the faculty numbers nearly seventy
professors and brothers all highly versed in the
various branches of study under their charga.
The board of trustees is composed of Rev. John
A. Zahm, C. S. O, president; Rev. Daniel E.
Hudson, C. S. C, Rev. William R. Connor, C.
S. C, Rev. Andrew Morrissey, C. S. C, and Rev.
James J. French, C. S. C, secretary. Brother
Edward, who died in January, 1901, was also a
member of the board. The present executive
officers of the university are: Rev. Andrew
Morrissey, C. 3. O, president; Rev. James J.

S O U T H BEND.

French, C. S. C. vice-president and director of
studies; Rev. Martin J. Regan, C. S. C. prefect
of discipline; Brother Paul, C. S. C, secretary,
and Brother Joseph, C. S. C, assistant secretary.
Among the prominent buildings connected
with the institution are Holy Cross Hall, Sorin
Hall, Corby Hall, Brownson Hall, Carroll Hall,
St. Joseph Hall, St. Edward's Hall and Bishops
.Memorial Hall. Since 1SS3 Prof. J. F. Edwards,
the director of the Bishops Memorial Hall, has
been engaged in founding the Catholic Archives
of America, and building an extensive Catholic
reference library. Thousands of volume*
pamphlets and manuscripts have already been
collected, and connected with the Memorial
Hall is a magnificent museum containing an
exhaustive and most valuable collection of sou-
venirs of historic interest, and a gallery of his-
torical portraits unequalled anywhere in the
United States. The golden jubilee of the Uni-
versity was celebrated with imposing and
elaborate ceremonies on June 11, 12, 13, 1895,
and was an event long to be remembered. The
Notre Dame exhibit at the World's Columbian
exposition in Chicago was acknowledged to be
Uie greatest educational exhibit of that great ex-
position It was under the direction of Prof.
Edwards and attracted great attention Notre
Dame was also honored in 1894 by the holding

the first American Eucharist Congress within
its walls. The following is a list of the presidents
and vice-presidents of Notre Dame since its in-
ception in 1842: Presidents: Father Edward
Sorin, founder, 1842-1865; Father Patrick Dil-
lon. 1S65-1866; father William Corby, 1866-
IxTU; Father Augustus Lemonnier, 1S72-1874;
Father Patrick J. Colovin, J.S74-1877; Father
William Corby, 1877-1881; Father Thomas E.
Walsh, 1881-1893, and Father Andrew Morrissey,
since 1893. Vice-presidents: Fathers Alexis
Granger, 1844-1851; Francis Cointet, 1851-1852;
Richard Shortis, 1S52-1S56; Neil H. Gillespie,
1S56-1S5S; Patrick Dillon, 1858-1859; William
Corby. 1865-1866; Augustus Lemonnier, 1866-
1872; Michael B. Brown, 1872-1874; J.M.Toohey,
and P. J. Colovin, 1874-1875; John A. O'Connell,
1875-1876; John A. Zahni. 1S76-1877; Thomas
E. Walsh, 1877-1881; Charles Kelley and J.
M. Toohey. 1881-1882; J. M. Toohey, 1882-1885;
John A. Zahm. 1885-1886; Andrew Morrissey,
1SS6-1S87; John A. Zahm. 1887-1891; Andrew
Morissey, 1891-1893; James J. French, since
1893 With such a foundation and such a
history the future of Notre Dame University is
fraught with brilliant promise as the leading
institution in America dedicated to the cause ot
Christian education.

FOUNDING OF NOTRE DAME.

SlO U T H BEND.

Very Rev. Edward Sorin, C. S. C.

The Very Rev. Edward Sorin, whose genius
and piety, and whose self-sacrifice and untir-
ing efforts were the inspiration and the ruling
forces of the great institution, was the honored
founder of the University of Notre Dame, and
for twenty-three years was its president and
ruling spirit. At the time of his lamented death,

came pronounced in the man and firmly fixed
in the priest. When twenty-six years of age
Father sorin attached himself to the Congrega-
tion of the Holy Cross, a religious society
then recently estaDlished at Mans, Prance, by
Father Moreau, for the instruction of youth,
and the preaching of missions to the people,

POUNDER OF Nil IKK DAME.

which occurred October 31, 1893, he was the
Superior General of the Congregation of the
Holy Cross, under whose auspices the Univer-
sity was founded and flourished. Father Sorin
was born in Ahuille, near Laval, France, Feb-
ruary 6, 1814. Studious from childhood, he
early formed those habits that afterward be-

and he soon became one of its most earnest
workers. On May 27, 1838, Father Sorin was
elevated to the priesthood, and shortly after-
ward he was requested by the Bishop of Vin-
cennes to establish a branch of the order in
America. In August, 1841, therefore, accom-
panied by six brothers of the Congregation,

SOUTH BEND

all of whom are now deceased, he sailed from
France and landed in New York September 13,
on tne eve of the anniversary of the exaltation
of the Holy Cross. In 1830 Rev. Theodore
Badin, the first priest ordained in the United
States, had purchased trom the Government
"St. Mary's of the Lakes," a portion of the
present Notre Dame. Here he had dwelt in
the lone wilderness teaching and preaching
to the Indians and a few whites, but the mis-
sion was finally abandoned. Some time after-
ward this land was offered by the Bishop of
Vincennes to the Congregation of the Holy
Cross on the condition that it would erect and
maintain a college there. Even at that time,
and although but a mission in the wilderness,
this location impressed Father Sorin with its
beauty and grandeur as no other site had done,
and he accepted the site and took possession
of it on November 27, 1842, more than a year
after landing in America. He soon reclaimed
the abandoned mission of Father Baden, and
with the aid of the Catholic settlers he cleared
a portion of the ground and erected a church
building of hewn timber forty by twenty feet
and two stories in height. The services were
held in the upper floor, while the first served
as a dwelling place tor the young priest, and
this was the only church or chapel possessed
by the Catholics of South Bend and its vicinity.
Filled with enthusiasm, Father Sorin deter-
mined to establish the promised college, and
he changed the name to "Notre Dame du Lac."
After months of hard labor the corner-stone
of the first college was laid August 2S, 1S43,
and before winter was under roof. In June,
the following year, it was fully completed and
the few students were transferred to the new
structure. The first commencement exercises
took place in this primitive institution in Au-
gust, 1844. Prior to this, through the aid of
Hon. John D. Defrees, a charter was granted
to the college with all the rights and privileges
of a university, and Father Sorin became its
first president, which office he held until 1865,
with Father Granger as his first and Father
Cointet as his second vice president. Father

Sorin laid deeply and solidly the foundation
of the institution, and the present massive
and magnificent buildings which adorn the
grounds are enduring monuments to his mem-
ory and a lasting tribute to his genius and
untiring zeal and energy. The first college
building was eighty by thirty-six feet and
four stories high, but it soon became too
small, and in 1853 two wings forty by sixty
feet were added, and this, although deemed
adequate at the time, in 1865, gave place to
an imposing edifice one hundred and sixty by
eighty feet, and six stories in height. On
April 23, 1879, this handsome building, and
nearly all the others surrounding it, were de-
stroyed by fire, but undismayed and undiscour-
aged, Father Sorin and his able assistants
at once began the rebuilding of Notre Dame,
and this great university is now known
wherever civilization exists. During his long
life Father Sorin never left the institution for
any length of time. He made many pilgrimages
to Rome, but his heart was always at Notre
Dame, and he ever longed for his return to his
loved university. He was elected Provincial
of the order August 15, 1865, and on the 22d
of July, 1868, the General Chapter of the Order,
in session at Rome, confered upon him the
honor of Superior General, which exalted office
he held until his death. One of the brightest
events in Father Sorin's life was the celebra
tion of tne golden jubilee of his elevation to
the priesthood, which occurred August 15, 1888,
having been deferred from May 27. It was
observed with great splendor, and was attended
by Cardinal Gibbons, two Archbishops, eleven
Bishops and scores of prominent priests and
laymen. For more than two years prior to
his death Father Sorin had been in poor
health, but his demise was a shock to the
community and his countless friends, and on
the morning of the 31st of October, 1893, sur-
rounded by the priests and brothers, this noble
man and great teacher, the founder of Notre
Dame peacefully breathed his last and his
spirit took its flight into the great unknown.

SOUTH BEND

Very Rev. William Corby, C. S. C.

The Very Rev. William Corby, C. S. C, was
the third president o£ the University of Notre
Dame, serving from 1866 to 1872, and who
was again called to the presidency in 1877
and served until 1881, was a powerful factor
in the progress and advancement of this noble
institution, and was afterward Provincial of

Notre Dame during the scholastic year 1852-
1853. He had no thought of entering the min-
istry when he came here, but impressed with
the deep religious atmosphere of the place, he
resolved, with Divine help, to devote his life
to the cause of Christian education. In 1854
he entered the Congregation of the Holy Cross,

VERY REV. WILLIAM CORBY, C. S. C.

the Congregation of the Holy Cross in America.
Father Corby was born in Detroit, Mich., in
1833. His father, Daniel Corby, was born in
Kings County, Ireland, and came to America
when a young man. Father Corby attended
the district schools, and under private tutors,
and was afterward sent to the University of

and vigorously prosecuted his theological
studies until 1858, when he made his religious
profession and was maae Prefect of Discipline.
He continued his studies until 1860, when he
was ordained to the priesthood. He was then
engaged as a professor in the univeisity until
July of the following year, when he was ap-

SOUTH BEND.

pointed director of the Manual Labor School,
with the additional duty of attending the Mis-
sion of South Bend, which was too small to en-
gage a regular pastor, and which afterward be-
came St. Patrick's Churcn. when the rebellion
occurred Father Corby volunteered his services
to the famous Iiish Brigade, of New York, and
was appointed cnapiain in 1862. He served with
the brigade for three years, ana was with the
gallant Army of the Potomac under all its
great commanders, from McClellan to Grant.
One of the most sublime incidents during that
memorable struggle was that of Father Corby
giving absolution to the soldiers of the Irish
Brigade before going into battle on the famous
field of Gettysburg. And when every man was
upon his knees, and the chaplain, stretching
his hand toward the brigade, pronounced the
words of absolution, the scene was awe inspir-
ing and deeply impressive. After the war
Father Corby was for a few months in charge
of St. Patrick's congregation. He raised the
debt of the church, built the parochial resi-
dence, and was the first Catholic clergyman
that ever resided in this city. During the
year 1865 he was appointed vice president
and director of studies at Notre Dame, and
in 1S66 was made president. At that time
there v. as an indebtedness of $97,000.00 to be
paid, and a new building to be finished, and
in less than five years the entire debt was
liquidated and $S0,000.00 expended for material
improvements. He founded the Notre Dame
Scholastic, which is still the official journal
of tne institution, and laid out the extensive
college grounds to prepare for the mammoth
buildings which he foresaw would be necessary
in the future. A number of new departments
were added to the college, and in 1868 a

General Chapter of the Order of the Holy
Cross, held in Home, elected Father Corby
Provincial for the United States, in place of
Very Rev. Father Sorin, who was elected
Superior Geneial of the order throughout the
world, 'ihese two offices he held until 1872,
when be was selected to establish another
uianch of the order at Watertown, Wis. And
aner founding tne Coaege of the Sacred
Heart and erecting one of the largest churches
in the state, Father Corby, in 1877, was again
eiected piesident of Notre Dame, and for the
second time Provincial of the Hoiy Order. He
was the president on April 23, 1879, when the
grand old college and many other buildings
were reduced to ashes and many priceless
treasures of art and science were destroyed.
He it was who, witn the same courage of war
times, at once set to work in rebuilding the
college, and in September of the same year
the class rooms in the new college were open
for the reception of students and a new era
of prosperity was opened for the institution.
Father Corby was presment until 1881, when
he was again called to Watertown, and in 1885
he was, for the third time, selected as Provin-
cial of the order. He held this office until 1S92,
when the General Chapter re-elected him Pro-
vincial Superior of the United States and First
Assistant Superior General of the entire world.
Father Corby was one of the most genial and
most determined of men, and was devotedly
attached to the society ot which he was so
distinguished a member, and his death, which
occurred in 1898, was a severe loss to the
order, and was deeply mourned by all who had
known and loved the honored father during
his noble and useful lire.

Very Rev. Andrew Morrissey, C. S. C.

The Very. Rev. Andrew Morrissey, C. S. O,
the present most able and progressive presi-
dent ot the University of Notre Dame, has
been connected with mat prominent institution
of learning since 1872, and enjoyed the warm
friendship and esteem of all his predecessors
in that most distinguished office. Father Mor-
rissey is a native of Ireland, and was born in
Thomastown, County Kilkenny, in I860. His
father was Thomas Morrissey, a landed pro-
prietor in that section of the country, and was
well known, and his mother was Mary (Mur-
phy) Morrissey. He is related to the well-
known Morrissey family of Dublin, who at-

tained prominence as clergymen, teachers ana
soldiers, and his maternal uncles were direc-
tors in the academies at Fort Wayne ana
Latayette, Ind. Young Morrissey early attend-
ed the schools of the Diocese of Ossory, at his
native place, and at the age of twelve years
came to America and entered the academical
department at Notre Dame. He was a close
student and apt scholar, and early gave evi-
dence of strong oratorical power. His favorite
studies were philosophy and languages, and
he was the first scholar in his class, and its
orator. He graduated in 1879, and then became
a theological student in the same institution.

SOUTH BEND

He was ordained a priest in 1883, when he was
but twenty-three years o£ age, and then was
engaged in teaching at Notre Dame. He aft-
erward taught with great success at the Sacred
Heart College at Watertown, Wis., and was
the first vice president of the college when he
was selected by Very Rev. Father Sorin, who
was deeply interested in the young man, to go

this year, while traveling in Europe, he was
summoned home by the venerable Very Rev.
Father Corby, who informed him that it was
the sincere wish of Father Walsh, and of th?
founder and faculty, that he should assume
the distinguished office of president of Notre
Dame, then vacant by reason of the death of
Father Walsh, who had been its president

VERY REV. ANDREW MORRISSEY, C, S. C.

to Rome and pursue a higher course of study
in philosophy, canon and civil law. In 1886
he was recalled from Rome to take the posi-
tion of director of studies at Notre uame under
President Walsh, and was selected as vice
president of the college. He served in this
office one year and was again selected ps vice
president in 1891 and served until 1893. During

since 1SS1, and under whose wise administra-
tion Father Morrissey had so ably and ac-
ceptaDly served. During his administration
the educational work of the university has
oeen greatly extended, the courses of study
have been rearranged and placed upon a high
scholastic piane. It is but just to say that
no appointment could have given greater pleas-

SOUTH BEND.

lire to the fiiends of the institution than that
of Father Morrissey. He is thoroughly imbued
with the spirit of its venerable founder, and
with the zeal and enthusiasm of his able
predecessor, and no more gifted mind could
have been selected for the educational control
of this great institution. Aside from his
natural endowments and excellent training,
his social and sympathetic qualities and that
love of his kind which have won for him the
deep regard of all who come within the sphere
of ids influence, are most essential forces in
his progressive and able management of this
university. To-day over 800 students are en-
rolled at the college, a larger number than
during any previous year, and in every re-
spect Father Morrisrey has fully justified the

high opinion and the warm esteem of all who
have the welfare of this college at heart.
During his administration Corby Hall, addi-
tions to Sorin Hall, Washington Hall, the
present excellent gymnasium, the Natatorium,
the new Boiler house, Mt. St. Vincent
Home and other notable and enduring ad-
ditions to the college have been built, and
Father Morrissey trusts that ere long a splen-
did new fire-proof library building will be
erected as a fitting repository for the priceless
literary collections and accumulations of over
half a century. Modest, retiring, but withal
firm and progressive. Father Morrissey is the
ideal college president, and his great worth _o
Notre Dame is known and gratefully acknowl-
edged by all.

VIEW OF THE CAMPUS, LOOKING WEST.

SOUTH BEND.

St. Mary's Academy.

ONE of the noblest, most extensive and
best equipped among the institutions de-
voted to the great cause of Christian edu-
cation in the highest sense is St. Mary's Aca-
demy, which for nearly half a century under the
beneficent direction of Divine providence, and
the self sacrificing efforts of the Sisters of the

womanhood known throughout the world as the.
Sisters of the Holy Cross, and under their wise
and progressive management it has become one
of the greatest Catholic educational institutions
of the western continent, with missions and
branches in almost every state in the union.
The Congregation of the Sisters of the Holy

THE CHAPEL AT ST. MARY S.

Holy Cross has prospered and developed until
today it has no superior among the many pro-
gressive educational institutions for young
women and girls, in the United States, conducted
under high religious auspices. St. Mary's
Academy owes its origin and wonderful ad-
vancement to that noble order of Catholic

Cross was established in 1S41. in Le Mans
France, by the great Abbe Moreau, who was
also the founder of the Congregation of the
Brothers of the Holy Cross, of which Very Rev.
Edward Sorin, the founder of the University of
Notre Dame was one of its earliest and most
earnest members. In 1844 the first mission or

SOUTH BEND

academy of the Sisters of the Holy Cross was
established in America, at Bertrand, Michigan,
and the order may be said to have had it?
American foundation at that time. From this
initial point the sisters of this great missionary
order were sent out among the Indians and
the white pioneers in this western wilderness
to spread the cause of education and the saving
truths of Christian religion. During the first
ten years of its existance the order expanded
and missions were established in New York,
New Orleans. Mishawaka and Lowell. In 1855
St. Mary's Academy was duly incorporated by
the General Assembly of Indiana, and the nu-
cleus of the present extensive institution was
formed. Under the te.rms of the charter the
pui pose of the incorporators was declared to be:

beauties of nature with that atmosphere of per-
fect quiet and arcadian seclusion which are
unfailing incentives to study and reflection.
St. Mary's thus became the Mother House of the
order in the United States. In 1857 the union
of temporal interests between St. Mary's and
Notre Dame was officially severed and since that
time a separate administration has been main-
tained, though by special Pontiflcial privilege,
the Very Rev. Edward Sorin, continued during
his noble life to act as ecclesiastical Superior
over both congregations, the Brothers and
Sisters of the Holy Cross. The spacious and
beautifully laid out grounds of the academy com-
prise about one hundred and fifty acres, and
the surrounding scenery is at once grand and
impressive. Mother Mary Angela was the guid-

ST. MARY S ACADEMY.

"To establish an academy of learning for the ed-
ucation of young ladies in the various branches
of art and sciences usually taught in female
academies of the highest standing, and to confer
such degrees upon scholars as are usual in such
Institutions." The same year the community
removed from Bertrand and was located upon its
present grounds near South Bend, and about
one mile from the University of Notre Dame.
The site for the erection of the new buildings
of St. Mary's Academy was selected and set
apait by the Very Rev. Edward Sorin. and it is
a beautiful eminence overlooking the romantic
St. Joseph river, whose picturesque banks are
still covered with magnificent forest trees. It
is an adeal location for a scholastic and religious
institution, combining as it does, the rarest

ing spirit of this institution from its inception
in Bertrand until her widely lamented death
which occurred in 1887, and she was made
Provincial of the Order, afterward Mother Supe-
rior, and at her death was Mistress of Novices
at St. Mary's. Her great faculties and holy
energies were ever exercised in its behalf, and it
was to her great personality and untiring de-
votion that this noble academy has grown and
flourished, and today enjoys its proud eminence
among the institutions of religion and learning
in the new world. Mother Angela was imbued
with the highest religious aspirations and en-
dowed with mental gifts of rare excellence.
She was especially adapted for the high and
sacred offices in the Order of the Holy Cross for
which she was selected, and ever brought to her

SOUTH BEND.

responsible and holy duties the highest stand-
ards of excellence and faculties that would hav?
won high renown for her in any sphere of in-
tellectual and social activity to which she might
have been called. Never content with medi-
ocrity, her instructors were all qualified for their
important duties by a long and thorough service
in a scholastic novitiate, superintended by ex-
perts in the various branches of study. In every
instance she adopted for her schools and acad-
emies of the Holy Cross the courses of study
most valuable, and in greatest demand in
America and by these means has built up an in-
stitution, which, while not departing from
ancient tenets, is essentially and progressively
American. The heroic services of Mother An-
gela during the civil war cannot be too highly
extolled During that desperate struggle
Mother Angela organized an army hospital ser-
vice of the highest efficiency and accompanied
by a number of Sisters from St. Mary's she de
voted herself heroically to the nursing of the
sick and wounded soldiers of both contending
armies, and her noble services received universal
and grateful recognition. The course of edu-
cation at St. Mary's is of the most practical and
comprehensive character. Here the heart as
well as the mind is carefully trained, and its
graduates go forth into the world to grace so-
ciety with their accomplishments and to honor
and edify it by their virtues. Every attention
is given to the moral and religious culture of the
pupils, and their general deportment is equally
the subject of unremitting care. Knowing that
the charm of refined manners is the aggregate
of habits acquired in youth, the teachers pav
especial attention to deportment and the schol-
ars are taught to ever use their resources of
knowledge, reason and wit with good taste and
sound judgment. Although a Catholic institu-
tion, St. Mary's welcomes to its halls pupils of
every religious denomination, and anything like
an attempt to force the religious convictions of
those not of Catholic faith is strictly and scru-
pulously avoided. As the result of this, of the
two hundred students at present at this academy
fully one hundred of them are not members
of the Catholic church. The extensive and
handsome academy buildings are of cream color-
ed brick, ornamented with stone, and in every
respect are admirably adapted for the uses of
this progressive educational institution. The
study halls, class rooms and sleeping apartments
are all well lighted and ventilated, and every
arrangement is made for the comfort and care
of the students who make their home within its
walls during the school year. The course of
studies provides for a thorough training in the
various branches required for a liberal educa-
tion from the elementary work to the higher

studies of the advanced course, and in every de-
partment the best methods both practical and
theoretical have been adopted. Each depart-
ment is turn shea with a special library of
reference books and the general library of the
academy contains over seven thousand volumes
embracing the best autnors in history, science,
biography, travel, poetry, essays and fiction.
Current literature also forms an important part
of the Senior's reading room. The academy
also possesses a large and comprehensive mu-
seum of natural history, and the mineralogical
cabinets contain rare botanical, zoological,
mineralogical and geological specimens, and a
fine assortment of fossils, illustrative of the
different geological ages. In the physical cabi
net !s a collection of instruments from the best
manufacturers of Europe, the electrical appara-
tus includes an effective dynamo, and there arc-
also various instruments used in Roentgen X ray
experiments, in pneumatics, hydrostatics and
hydro-dynamics. The chemical laboratory is
equipped with every apparatus for laboratory
work in the fundamental laws of chemistry,
and for the study of the characteristic reaction,
of the metal as well as the principles of
chemical analysis. In addition to these there
is a. fine anatomical cabinet, comprising all that
is needed to facilitate the proper study of physi-
ology Particular attention is here paid to
physical culture, and the beautiful and splendid-
ly equipped gymnasium of the academy is under
the management of an expert, a graduate from
the Boston Normal School of Gymnastics. Here
the exercises are adapted not only to the general
requirements, but to the particular needs of each
student. Music and the fine arts also receive
especial attention, and one of the academy build-
in s-h is entirely devoted to music, with large
halls for vocal classes, and a number of rooms
with musical instruments for daily practice and
lessons. All branches of music are taught on
the plans of the best classical conservatories
and under the direction of able teachers in both
the vocal and instrumental departments. In
drawing and painting the principles that have
formed the basis of instructions in all the great
art schools of Europe, are embodied in this
course at the academy, and the adaptations of
these principles to the capacity of even the
youngest students has been the labor of years.
Every department of this great institution is
under the direction and supervision of Sisters
of the Holy Cross who are especially adapted
by training, knowledge and inclination for the
responsible duties devolving upon them, aifl
it may be truthfully said that no institution pos-
sesses greater facilities for imparting a
thorough, useful and artistic education than does
St. Mary's Academy of Notre Dame. This great

SOUTH BEND

institution is now under the gentle but able
administration of Mother Pauline, who, since
1895, has been in charge ot the educational de-
partments of this more than excellent academy.
One of the architectural and religious features
ol St. Mary s is the beautiful cnapel of Our Lady
of Loreto, which is matchless in architecture
and Romanesque in design. This exquisite
chapel was designed by Father Sorin and was
erected in 1858. It is a facsimile of the Holy
House in Italy. The windows of stained glass,
of marvelous design and coloring are from Le
Mans, Fiance, and the magnificent "Stations
of the Cross" upon the walls, are from the
hands of a Sister of St. Mary's who died ere
her task was fully completed. It is surmounted
by a beautiful dome which can be seen at a
great distance, while its marble altars, shrines,
and pious statues are the gifts of former pupils
in whose hearts still Durns the love of their
Alma Mater, St. Mary's Academy. In connection
with the academy there is also a convent where
nearly two hundred sisters of the Holy Cross
are entered, and here the aged and worn
sisters come to spend their declining years amid
the holy influences and peaceful scenes of this
beautiful home Here too are infirmaries for
the care of the sick sisters and also for such
students as may require the care of skillful
nurses and able physicians In every depart-
ment St. Mary's Academy is a model of its
kind, and since its establishment in Bertrand,

Michigan, in 1844, nearly fifty noble missions
have been founded in almost every section of
the country under its fostering care. Magnifi-
cent hospitals have been erected and numerous
parochial scnools attest the zeal of the order to
promote the physical and mental welfare of the
children of the poor. One of the most attractive
publications, and one especially designed to ele-
vate the literary standard of St. Mary's, to cul-
tivate the tastes of the pupils and to act as an
impetus to earnest efforts in the English classes,
is the delightful monthly journal published at
the institution under the attractive title of "St.
Mary's Chimes." In addition to the excellent
poems and essays of the students, its columns
contain the reports of the pupils who receive
certificates of excellence in conduct and in the
various branches of study, and .terns of a general
nature of interest to the pupils and their
parents. Most ably edited and of most attrac-
tive appearance "St. Mary's Chimes" is not only
an excellent literary journal but also serves as
an authentic record of the school work not only
for the current month, but for the entire year.
From the wonderful achievements of the past,
the future of St. Mary's and of the Sisters of
the Holy Cross is full of brilliant promise, and
each succeeding year will crown with enduring
laurels the brows of the noble women of this
Order who have devoted their lives to the great
cause of religion ?.nd education.

THE HEXXEFIN OAK. KIVEHVIEW CEMETERY.

SOUTH BEND

BIOGRAPHICAL.

HUN. THUS. S. STANFIELI).

One of the most learned jurists of Indiana,
a lawyer of rare ability and prominence, and
a citizen of public spirit and great usefulness
passed away in the death of the Hon. Thomas
Stilwell Stanfleld, who died in this city Sep-
tember 12, 18S5. Judge Stanfleld, as he was
more popularly known, was one of the leaders
of the Indiana bar, and a judge who was in
every sense the embodiment of an ideal jurist
His value to South Bend is immeasurable and
his memory is still cherished by all who knew
and honored him while he lived and labored

HON. TIIOS. S. STANFIELD.

for the good of his fellow men. Judge Stan-
field was a native of Ohio and was born in Lo-
gan county, in that state, October 17, 1816. His
father, William Stanfleld, was a native of
Tennessee, and his mother was a Virginian.
They settled in Ohio when it was scarcely
more than a wilderness, leaving there for the
"Great St. Joseph Valley" in 1830, stopping for
the winter at Young's Praiiie, Michigan, and
coming to South Bend in the spring of 1831

There were but few houses in this section of
the state when Judge Stanfleld, who was fii-
teen years of age, first attended school here to
Elisha Egbert, a struggling young lawyer, who
afterward became Judge of the Court of Com-
mon Pleas. He had previously attended
school in Ohio. Young Stanfleld first worked
In a saw mill located on the bank of Wengers
Creek, near where it empties into the St. Jo-
seph river and afterward worked for his father
at brick making in the northern part of the
city. He then engaged as a clerk in the gen-
eral store of L. M. Taylor, and many of the
customers were the Indians who then resided
in this vicinity. After due consideration he
decided to study law, and became a student in
the office of Hon. Samuel C. Sample, a leading
lawyer, and who was the first member of Con-
gress from the Ninth District of Indiana. He
attended a law school in Cincinnati, 0., riding
on horseback from South Bend for that pur-
pose. This was in 1839-1840 and here he met
Miss Nancy Peebles the young lady who be-
came his wife a year later. He was genial,
able, courteous and thorough and soon ac-
quired a large practice. In 1849 he was nomi-
nated for Lieutenant Governor against Gen-
eral James H. Lane, and the two candidates
made the canvas of the state together. Judge
Stanfleld was defeated although he ran 10,000
votes ahead of his ticket. Prior to this, how-
ever, in 1844, he had served as Representative
in the legislature and was again elected repre-
sentative in 1851. In 1858 he was again elect-
ed over ex-Sheriff S. L. Cottrell. In 1852, on
his return from the legislature, he was selected
Judge of the Circuit Court, being then but 36
years of age. His circuit consisted of eleven
counties which he visited with horse and bug-
gy twice a year, there being no railroads. In
1873 he was defeated for the judgeship by his
warm personal friend, Judge Noyes. Wnen
South Bend was incorporated as a city Judge
Stanfleld was very active in public affairs and
served several terms in the City Council.
During the war of the rebellion he was an ar-
dent patriot. He assisted in the organization
of the troops and was one of Governor Mor-
ton's most valuable advisers in this section of
the state. He was commissioned by Governor
Morton to secure the names of all eligible for

SOUTH BEND

military service iu the county and to take
charge of Camp Rose in this city. He was
Offered Uie commission 01 ooiouei, wnich He
uecnned, not ih.aK.ng himse.f capable of com-
manding a regiment. Judge Stanfield was
deeply interested and an important factor in
securing railroad facilities for this city. He
was the president and afterward director of
and attorney tor the Grand Trunk Railioad
Company, and he was instrumental .n the pur-
chase oi tne entite ngiu oi way 01 the i^aite
Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad Com-
pany from White P.geon, Mich., to Laporte,
ind., and was a director of that company for
years. He also performed a like service for
the Michigan Central Railroad and was a
director and attorney of the company for
years. His death was a great loss to the city.
During his life h'e had ever been active in ad-
vancing its interests in educational, commer-
cial, manuiacturmg and religious affairs, and
no one performed gi eater service in behalf of
the city than did Judge Stanheld. He was a
man oi the people and a leader of all. In re-
ligion ne was a Presbyterian, but all church-
men were his ir.ends, and the late Father
Sorin, of Notre Dame, was his warmest frienu
from the time of Father Sorin's arrival here.
He was quiet and modest, but forceful and
progressive, and tus influence was felt in every
movement in wnich ne was engaged. Mrs.
Stanfield died in 1S96. Judge Stanfield is ably
represented by his two sons, Edward P., and
Howard S. Stanfield, who are prominent man-
ufacturers and citizens of South Bend. A
daughter, Mrs. M. B. Staley, died about two
yeais ago, and another daughter died in 1866,
when she was but six years old. The pall bearers
at Judge Stanfieid's funeral were Hon. John
Reynolds, Clem Stuaebaker, Andrew Ander-
son, E. S. Reynolds, A. G. Cushing, Geo. W.
Matthews and De Foe Skinner. At a public-
meeting held in the court house the following
resolution was adopted: '-Resolved, That in
his demise South Bend loses a valuable, en-
terprising public spirited citizen; that society
loses a man of gen.ai aid companionable in-
stincts, cultured and refined, whose mind was
stored with many of the richest gifts of legal
and literary lore; that the legal fraternity
loses a man who was an ornament to his nigh
calling, whose judicial career was character-
ized by dignity, ability and fairness, and finaliy
the church loses a warm friend and earnest
supporter, and the cause of temperance and
morality an earnest advocate." The City
Council in a memorial pronounced him "An
ornament to the community in which he lived,
and the world was the better for his having
been in it."

HORATIO CHAPIN.
One of the earliest settlers in South Bend and
one of its most highly honored and esteemed
citizens was Mr. Horatio Chapin, whose deeply
lamented death occurred in this city on May
13. 1871. Mr. Chapin was one of the most force-
ful workers for the good of mankind, and for
the upbuilding of the lives and characters of
the young people of this city, and he was one
of the most earnest advocates of the Sunday
school known to local history. Mr. Chapin
was a native of Massachusetts, and was born
in Bernardstown, in that state, in 1803. His
parents were of that sturdy christian New
England stock, which builded strongly the
foundations of the republic, and early taught

HORATIO CHAPIN.

the lessons of christian fortitude. In 1S22 Mr
Chapin came to Detroit, where he remained
until 1831, when he decided to come to South
Bend, then but a meager settlement of a few
hundred people. He rode an Indian pony
and followed an Indian trail on his journey
here. He realized the great natural advan-
tages of the location and believed in the future
growth of the hustling village on the banks of
the St. Joseph river. He brought with him a
stock of goods and at once opened a general
store, on Michigan street near Water street,
which commanded success from the outset.
Mr. Chapin had the distinction of shipping
the first cargo of wheat down the St. Joseph
river on its way to the city of Buffalo. Imme-
diately on his arrival here he began to interest
the parents of the children in the organization

SOUTH BEND

of a Sunday school and was the first superin-
tendent to conduct the school. Although meet-
ing but indifferent success at the commence-
ment of his labors, he persevered, and through
trials and disappointments and the luke-
warm support of his neighbors he continued
his efforts until they were crowned with suc-
cess and the Sunday school in South Bend be-
came a fixed and permanent institution. He
was also one of the organizers of the Presby-
terian church in this city, one of its original
members and an officer in the church until his
death. From his interest in the spiritual wel-
fare of the child: en he won the honored titie
of the "Pioneer of tne Sunday school in St.
Joseph County." In 1838 the South Bend
branch of the State Bank of Indiana was estab-
lished and Mr. ohapin was selected as its mana-
ger and cashier. Under his able control of its
affairs the bank grew steadily and became one
of the leading financial institutions of its time.
Mr. Chapin continued his connection with the
bank for twenty years and was one of the most
progressively conservative bank managers. In
1862 he went to Chicago, where he assisted
in establishing the banking house of Chapin,
Wheeler & Co., with wh ch he remained for
about three years, when he retired from active
business and leturned to South Bend, where he
made his home until his death. He was a man
of rare culture, a close student and a quick ob-
server, and was well read in the science of
medicine, in finance, in theology, in horticul-
ture and in natural science. He was a man of
great decision of character, and with the firm-
ness of the puritan he manfully sustained his
principles and his convictions. His influence
was ever exerted for morality, intelligence and
religion, and he was ever foremost in every
work that promised the advancement and the
higher development of mankind. His business
life was marked by the strictest integrity and
a high regard for the ethics of commercial
honor. Believing in the future growth of
South Bend Mr. Chapin invested largely in
local real estate which has since become quite
valuable, and Chapin Park formed a part of his
estate. Mr. Chapin was married to Miss Martha
E. Storey, a sister of Wilbur F. Storey, the
great editor and newspaper publisher of Chi-
cago, and had a family of four children, Mrs.
Mary E. Anderson, wife of Hon. Andrew Ander-
son, the well known attorney, Mr. Edward P.
Chapin, of th's city, and Martha and Sarah
Chapin, both deceased He was beloved by a
large circle of friends and esteemed by the en-
tire community, who sincerely mourned his
loss, and his funeral was attended by all the
clergymen of the city, who knew and appreci-
ated his long and beneficent service in the cause
of true religion and morality.

ALEXIS COQUILLARD.
No man ever attained greater prominence or
was more highly esteemed in this city, than
Mr. Alexis Coquillard, whose lamented death
occuned at Battle Creek, Mich., on February
25th, 1890. From his earliest boyhood h s life
was ever a busy and eventful one, and he had
much to do in conserving the best interests of
this city and contributing to its material pro-
gress and advancement. He came here as a boy
when this city was practically a straggling
village and a trading post, and lived to see
its development into one of the most important
manufacturing centers of the state and of the
west. During all these years he was engaged

ALEXIS COCJUIJiLAHD.

in active business pursuits, always self-reliant,
always successful, and the city and its people
were partakers of his success. Mr. Coquillard
was born in Detroit, Mich., April 29th, 1825.
He was the son of Benjamin Coquillard and
Sophia (Andre) Coquillard, both of French
descent, and natives of the same city. He was
a nephew of Alexis Coquillard, who was the
first white man to come to South Bend, and
who located here in 1823. In 1829 Mr. Co-
quillard's father and his family came here, and
erected a primitive tavern, and the boy Alexis
made himself useful in various ways, and as
he advanced in years he traded with the In-
dians and performed any labor at which he
might earn an honest return. He was always
of a saving turn of mind, and laid by some-
thing from his earnings which some day might
help to better his condition. When but six-

SOUTH BEND

teen years of age a Mr. L. P. Johnson, who was
the proprietor of a tavern, then located at the
south-west corner of Michigan and Washing-
ton streets, constructed a wagon, the first built
in South Bend, and which attracted general at
tention. Young Coquillard watched the prog-
ress of the construction of this wagon w.th
absorbing interest, and when it was completed
he induced his mother to purchase it for
him, and he immediately commenced to haul
merchandise and other articles from the river
landing to the few stores then in the village,
and soon was able to pay the purchase price
and became the sole owner of the wagon and
the horses that drew it. It was then that he
began to seek an education and when the Rev.
Father Sorin founded the nucleus of the future
University of Notre Dame, the young boy who
so cheerfully and energetically lowed him
across the river in his boat, became his first
student, and an ambitious one he proved to be.
At that time Notre Dame College consisted of
two log houses, and in one of these Alexis
Coquillard graauated with credit and honor. A
few years later he persuaded his uncle, Alexis
Coquillard, the great Indian trader to give
him an outfit to California, on his agreement
to divide with him the profits of his labors
He accordingly left this city in 1849, and after
nine months of hardy experience in the mines,
he returned with $4,000, as his earnings. Of
this he gave his uncle $z,000, and invested his
portion of it in a farm located in the vicinity
of "Mosquito Glen," nis parents owning a farm
to the west of him. He soon found farming
too slow for his sanguine nature and three
years later he disposed of it and began buying
and selling real estate in this vicinity. It was
in these ventures that he laid the foundation
for the bulk of his fortune. Soon after he pur-
chased a saw mill near Lakeville, and became
the largest manufacturer of lumber in North-
ern Indiana. During all this time he invested
his surplus funds in real estate and in 1860 he
was the largest real estate owner in St. Joseph
County and accounted its richest man. In 1SC5
he established the Coquillard Wagon Works,
which pioved a signal success from the outset
and which was but one of the numerous enter-
prises in which he was interested. He erect-
ed a large number of houses in this city and
was the owner of more than a hundred build-
ings, and kept adding to his land purchases
not only in this county but in the state and ia
the adjacent states, and was rated as a million-
aire. But a few years prior to his death he
purchased over one thousand acres of land on
the east side of the river, and in 1889 donated
a large tract to the city for park purposes.
Mr. Coquillard had grown to be regarded as

destined to old bachelorhood, and his friends
had ceased to consider the possibility of his
marrying, but one evening he attended a
"Twelfth Night" entertainment at St. Mary's
Academy, and there he met the estimable lady
who was destined to become his wife. A pretty
play was enacted after which the ring cake
was cut, and who ever secured the ring was
chosen to enjoy the honors of the evening.
Miss Maud M. Perley, of Portland, Me., was
the fortunate lady, and she bore her honors
in such a modest, yet queenly way, that Mr.
Coquillard was at once captivated by her grace
and beauty. Miss Perley was a most attractive
lady, charming in manner and beautiful In
person, and withal so sweetly womanly that
she was the center of attraction. Mr. Coquil-
lard was successful in his wooing and Miss
Perley became his bride, and his after years
were charmed and brightened by her gentle
ministration of his home. His life was a
most contented and happy one until his death,
and his generous nature expanded to its fulness
under the influence of his domestic peace and
content. His widow, a most estimable lady,
survives him and he has left two sons, Alexis,
and Joseph Alexander, now students at the
University of Notre Dame, to bear the honored
name of Coquillard which he dignified and en-
nobled. His death was regarded as a public
misfortune and his funeral was attended a!
most by the entire community who were sin-
cere mourners at his loss. On the day of the
funeral the leading industries of the city wer3
closed, and the ceremonies were solemnly and
grandly imposing. The active pall bearers
were Judge T. E. Howard, Joseph D. Oliver, E.
H. Vanderhoof, Aaron Jones and George H.
Stover, and the honorary pall bearers were his
old and honored friends and associates, George
W. Matthews, J. M. Studebaker, E. S. Reynolds,
C. A. Kimball, William Miner, A. G. dishing.
James Oliver, E. Beyerly, John Gallagher,
John A. Chockelt, Andrew Anderson. T. M.
Bissell and Hudson Buzby. At the age or
sixty-five years of honor and usefulness he
passed to his eternal rest, and the worla was
the better for his having lived.

HON. JOHN REYNOLDS.

The Hon. John Reynolds, whose death oc-
curred at Terre Coupee Prairie, Ind., March 30,
1890, was one of the best known and most
highly esteemed among the early pioneers in
this section of the state. He was a native of
Ohio, and was born near Lancaster, in Fairfield
County, of that state July 12, 1814. His
parents were natives of Virginia, but removed
west at an early day. He was the second son

SOUTH BEND

of a family of eleven children, of whom all
are dead with the exception of James Reynolds,
now living at Terre Coupee Prairie, and was
the elder brother of the late Major Ethan S.
Reynolds of this city Young Reynolds and
his older brother, Stuart, both but boys, de-
cided to seek to better their fortune in some
other section of the country, and John secured
employment on a faim near Fort Wayne. He
was active and industrious and when the man
for whom he worked, obtained a contract for
building a canal, he appointed him as foreman,
and he turned the first shovel of dirt on the
main feeder of the Wabash and Erie canal. In
1833 the family moved to Rolling Prairie, La-
porte County, and there remained. John Rey-
nolds then went to Illinois where he took up

HON. .JOHN HEYNOLDS.

a land claim, and after remaining there about
three months he sold his claim for $2,000.00
and returned to Rolling Prairie with about
$3,000.00 which was the financial foundation of
his subsequent success in lite. He became in-
terested in a contract for the construction of
the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern rail-
road from Toledo west to the Indiana state
line, but his partners failing, and the company
becoming involved, he took the portion he had
constructed and operated it as an individual
enterprise for three years when the company
was able to meet its obligations and accepted
the work. During this time he was also en-
gaged in the mercantile business with his
brothers George and Ethan. Later he retired
from the mercantile business and engaged in

banking and other financial enterprises until
in 1860, he was accounted the wealthiest man
in the state of Indiana. Mr. Reynolds was
married in 1844 to Miss Clara Egbert, and five
children were born to them, and whom he sur-
vived. Mr. Reynolds always took a deep in-
terest in public affairs. He was elected to the
State Legislature in 1850-1851, and again in
1867. In 1862 he was elected to fill the vacancy
in the state senate caused by the resignation
of Senator John F. Miller, and so great was
the esteem in which he was held by both
parties that his election was without opposi-
tion. He was a delegate to the Baltimore con-
vention which nominated ijincoin for the sec-
ond term, and was named as a presidential
elector when James G. Blaine was the candi-
date in 1884. He was also a member of the
Constitutional Convention and rendered most
valuable service in that important convention.
Although too old to enter the army, in 1861
he sent two substitutes to the field and main-
tained their families during their terms of ser-
vice. He was a warm personal friend and ad-
viser of Governor O. P. Morton, of Indiana,
during that terrible conflict. He was essen-
tially the architect of his own fortune, and his
life forms a most worthy and striking example
to the poor boys of the present day, emphasi-
zing the fact that it is possible for a poor boy,
with no educational advantages, to achieve
honorable distinction as a business man and a
statesman. His life was an epitome of gen-
erous and noble deeds, and his memory will
long be cherished by those who realized his
many excellent qualities and sterling charac-
ter.

MAJOR ETHAN S. RFA'NOLDS.
One of the most prominent energetic and pro-
gressive citizens and business men of South
Bend was Major Ethan S. Reynolds whose
deeply lamented death occurred in this city
on Tuesday, April 18, 1899. Mr. Reynolds was
in every respect a typical American, and was
endowed with every qualification that has so
grandly developed the western section of the
country, and advanced the material progress of
the age. He was a native of Indiana, and was
born near Richmond, in Wayne County, De-
cember 12, 1820. He was of Irish descent, and
his sturdy ancestors left the old country and
journeyed to America at a very early date, lo-
cating in the old Virginia colony. His pater-
nal grandfather was a patriot in the Revolu-
tionary war. Major Reynolds was the son of
Joseph F. Reynolds, who was born in Virginia,
and who was a tiller of the soil in that fruit-
ful locality. His father moved to Ohio, when
he was quite a young man, and afterward lo-

SOUTH BEND.

cated in Wayne County, Indiana, where he was
extensively engaged in farming, and where Ma-
jor Reynolds was born. In 1833 his father,
with a large family, left their home in Wayne
County, traveled by ox teams and came to
Northern Indiana. They passed through South
Bend, then but a struggling hamlet in the
wilderness, and journeyed to Rolling Prairie,
in Laporte County, where he decided to settle
and where he lived to the venerable age of
eighty-one years. He was a pioneer in every
sense of the term, and had experienced that
hardy life in the states of Virginia, Ohio, Ken-
tucky, Missouri and Indiana. Major Reynolds
was a resident of Laporte County until 1845.
when he came to South Bend, and with his
two brothers, George W. Reynolds and Hon.

still reside in the old homestead. During the
civil war Major Reynolds was appointed Pay-
master of the Army of the Cumberland, and
served in that honorable and responsible posi-
tion for three years. When the war closed the
returned to South Bend where for a number of
years he was actively engaged in the paper
manufacturing business. Mr. Reynolds was al-
ways a great reader, and frequently indulged
in extensive travel. He kept himself fully in-
formed in regard to current events and being
a man of positive convictions he always
evinced a deep interest in public affairs. His
faith in the future growth and greatness of the
city of South Bend was unlimited and unfail-
ing and he lived to see the fulfillment of his
hopes and the realization of his prophecies.
He was one of the organizers, a stockholder
and vice president of the First National Bank,
and accumulated large property interests. No
man enjoyed a wider acquaintance in South
Bend or was more highly esteemed in the com-
munity. He was a genial, consistent and cour-
teous gentleman, and won the respect of all
who knew him and who came within the circle
of his acquaintance. Mr. and Mrs. Reynolds
had three childien, but only one .s now living.
Captain Edward B. Reynolds, who is the vice
president of the First National Bank. Mr.
Reynolds' death was universally mourned and
his remains were carried to the grave by a large
concourse of sorrowing friends. The honorary
pa.l bearers were: Messrs. William Miller, A.
G. Cushing, James Oliver, J. C. Knoblock and
C. A. Kimball, while the active bearers were:
Elmer Crockett, A. B. France, S. T. Applegate.
Charles Coonley and M. B. Staley.

MAJOR ETHAN' S. REYNOLDS.

John Reynolds, engaged in the mercantile busi-
ness on the north side of Washington street,
between Michigan and Main streets, and where
they engaged as clerks a number of young men
who afterward attained prominence in this
city. In 1849 when the California "gold fever"
was at its height, Major Reynolds with a small
party traveled overland to the "El Dorado" and
after more than a year's experience, he return-
ed home by way of the Isthmus of Panama
and New York in 1851. In September of that
year Major Reynolds was married to Miss Ja-
nette B. Briggs, a daughter of Eliakim Briggs.
a most estimable lady, who survives him, and
they began their domestic life at the corner of
Lafayette and Washington streets and Mrs.
Reynolds, and her son Edward B. Reynolds,

PETER E. STUDEBAKER.

Mr. Peter E. Studebaker, whose deeply la-
mented death occurred at Alma, Michigan, on
October 9, 1897, was an honored citizen of
South Bend, and the experienced treasurer of
the Studebaker Bros. Manufacturing Company.
He was born in Ashland, Ohio, April 1, 1836,
and was a son of John Studebaker, who early
settled near Gettysburg, Pa., the scene of one
of the greatest battles of the civil war. His
father journeyed from Pennsylvania, over the
Allegheny mountains, to Ohio, in a wagon of
his own manufacture, and Mr. Peter E. Stude-
baker was born shortly after they arrived in
their new home. Here he attended the public
schools, and in 1852, when but sixteen years of
age, he left home and came to South Bend,
where he secured a position with Kingsley &
Beach, the leading dry goods merchants at that
time here, as a clerk, at the munificent salary
of fifteen dollars a month. By the strictest

SOUTH BEND

economy he saved $100.00 and began h;s busi-
ness career as an itinerant merchant. This he
continued until 1856, when he was married to
Miss Dora Handley, of Cincinnati. Ohio, and
then removed to Goshen, where he formed a
partnership with his brother-in-law, P. A.
Welch, a well known merchant in that city.
He remained in this business until 1860, when
he entered into an arrangement with his broth-
ers, Clem and J. M. Studebaker, who were
manufacturing wagons in South Bend, to
handle their product in Goshen. He early dis-
played the qualities of pushing energy which
characterized his after life and he was so
successful in the wagon business that he was
offered a partnership with his brothers in their

PETER E. STIDEBAKER.

growing business. He accepted the offer and
in 1864 became a member of the Studebaker
Bros. In 1865 he established a branch ware-
house at St. Joseph, Mo., which was then quite
an important town largely interested in fur-
nishing outfits for the mines and other western
enterprises. He soon built up a large trade
and extended the business of the firm to all
the western states and territories. In 1872 he
relinquished the office at St. Joseph and re-
turned to South Bend, where he at once as-
sumed the duties of treasurer of the Studebaker
Bros. Manufacturing Company, which position
he most ably filled until his death. His first
wife died in 1865. In 1872 he was married to
Mrs. Mary L. Guthrie, a most estimable lady,
and a daughter of Judge W. Charles Bwing, of
Logansport, Ind., who survives him. Mr. Stu-

debaker was always an energetic and forceful
man of business, and a close and intelligent ob-
server of the changing commercial and political
conditions of his time. He was a progressive
financier in the highest sense of the term, and
most carefully noted the various fluctuations in
the financial conditions both of this country
and of Europe, and was always prepared for
any financial stringency or commercial emer-
gency. He also took a deep interest in public
affairs and in national politics. He frequently
delivered addresses on political and economic
subjects and contributed valuable articles to
the press on the important topics of the day.
He was the adviser and counsellor of many
men prominent in public affairs, and enjoyed
the friendship and esteem of the leading men
in all sections of the country. He was a genial
gentleman and was always a favorite visitor at
the clubs and social circles of South Bend and
Chicago, where he had many admiring friends.
Mrs. P. E. Studebaker, his widow, is a lady of
refinement and is well known in this com-
munity for her many acts of philanthropy and
kindness. She is a most estimable lady and
is warmly esteemed by all who have the honor
of her acquaintance or have come within the
charm of her personality. She has rebuilt and
modernized the family homestead on West
Washington street, and will make it a delight-
ful home for her declining years. Mr. Stude-
baker left three children, Mr. Wilbur F. Stude-
baker, now of New York City; Mrs. Nelson J.
Riley, of South Bend, and Mrs. W. R. Innes,
of Yonkers, N. Y. In dying Mr. Studebaker
left an enduring memory of his many admir-
able qualities and strong business attributes,
and the community at large were mourners at
his bier

FRED D. ELLSWORTH.

Mr. Fred D. Ellsworth, whose death occurred
in this city on April 27, 1897, was for years one
of the leading citizens and merchants of South
Bend, and was endeared to the community.
He was born at Mishawaka. December 27, 1849,
and was the son of James Ellsworth who was
well known in that locality. Mr. Ellsworth's
parents died when h'e was quite young. He
received his education in the public schools
and his first business engagement was a clerk-
ship in the dry goods store of John Chess. He
afterward engaged in the store of Stern Bros.
at the corner of Michigan and Washington
streets, and in 1875 commenced business for
himself at No. 104 North Michigan street where
he successfully conducted a general notion busi-
ness. Here he remained until 1882 when he re-
moved to 113 South Michigan street, and in
1883 he formed a partnership with Mr. G. E.

SOUTH BEND.

Rose, and removed to a more commodious store
at No. Ill North Michigan street. Soon after
he erected the handsome new store building
at Nos. 113-115 North Michigan street where

GEORGE W. BAKER.

Mr. George W. Baker, who departed this life
on Sunday, February 4, 1900, was for nearly
a quarter of a century one of the best-known
citizens of South Bend, and prominently iden-
tified with one of its leading industrial enter-
prises, known as the South Bend Chilled Plow
Company, of which he was the secretary and
treasurer. Mr. Baker was a native of Greene
County, Ohio, and was born in 1832. When
quite a boy he removed with his parents to
Indiana and located on a farm at Sumption
Prairie, where he attended school and received
the education that fitted him for his useful
and energetic after life. His first business
venture was in 1845 when he was but thir-
teen years of age. he, with his brother, Adam
S. Baker, rafted a load of poplar lumber down
the Kankakee river to Peoria, Illinois. He de-
cided to locate in Illinois, and learned the
trade of a carpenter at which he worked for
several years and assisted in the construction
of a number of buildings in this city. He was
located in Jacksonville for some time, and then
removed to Decatur, Illinois, where he success-
fully engaged in the real estate and insurance
business. In 1875, in company with several
others, he organized the St. Joseph Reaper and
Machine Company, and in 1876 removed to

FHEI) r>. ELLSWORTH.

he removed, and where he conducted the lead-
ing dry goods business in the city when his
death occurred. Mr. Ellsworth was married on
November 22, 1871, to Nellie M. Chess, a daugh-
ter of Mr. John W. Chess and his family con-
sisted of one son, Mr. John Chess Ellsworth,
who succeeded his father and now so success-
fully conducts the business which he establish-
ed. Mr. Ellsworth was a substantial business
man of sterling character and progressive ideas,
and his influence in the commercial community
was most beneficial and elevating. Quiet and
unassuming he was at the same time vigorous
and active in any undertaking in which he was
engaged, and compelled success by the very
force of his own individuality. His many acts
of unostentatious kindness are well remember-
ed and his name is still revered by those who
knew him in the activities of life. Though a
public spirited man in the highest sense Mr.
Ellsworth had no desire for ublic life, hut
always evinced a deep interest in the substan-
tial progress and advancement of the city.
Mrs. Ellsworth survived her husbnd until Nov-
ember 12. 1900, when she died after a linger-
ing and iiainful illness mourned by all who
knew her.

6E0U0E W. BAKED.

South Bend, where he resided until his death.
The company he organized was soon after
merged in the South Bend Chilled Plow Com-
pany, which was extensively engaged in the

SOUTH BEND

manufacture of plows, and built up a large and
constantly increasing business, which extended
over the entire country. Mr. Baker was an
active and energetic business man, and as its
secretary and treasurer he was an important
factor in building up the present large busi-
ness. He was active in all that conserved the
best interests of this city, but declined to take
a prominent part in political affairs. He was
deeply interested in the welfare of the Milburn
Memorial Chapel, of which he was a member
and superintendent of the Sabbath School.
His death was mourned oy a large circle of
friends, and no man was more highly esteemed
in the community, in March, 1850, he was
married to Miss Katherine Dewey, of Jackson-
ville, 111., and at his death left two children,
Mr. A. D. Baker, who succeeded him as secre-
tary and treasurer of the South Bend Chilled
Plow Company, and Mrs. Oren, the wife of
Mr. W. H. Oren, ex-treasurer of St. Joseph
County.

CARLTON WADHAMS.
In the death of Mr. Carlton Wadhams, which
occurred at the family residence on South
Michigan street, May 4, 1891, South Bend lost
one of its popular, public spirited and progres-
sive citizens, and a man whose business im-

ford, September 12, 1810. His father, David
Wadhams, was a New England farmer, and
his mother was Phoebe (Collins) Wadhams.
The family aates its nistory to Colonial times,
and the grandfather of Mr. Wadhams was a
revolutionary patriot. (Jarlton Wadhams was
one of a family of sixteen, and early learned
to work on the home farm. In 1832 he made
the journey to Chicago by. canal and wagon,
and finding business opportunities to his liking,
he returned east, and in 1836 removed per-
manently to Chicago and located at Blue Island,
where he lived for manv years. He was en-
gaged in the cattle business, and was also the
owner of Wadhams' Hotel for many years.
He was an energetic and far-seeing business
man, and in the early fifties had amassed a
fortune. In 1857, with his wife, he started for
the east, and through a wreck on the Lake
Shore Railroad, was compelled to stay over
night in South Bend, hotel accommodations
were meager and he stopped at the American
Hotel, located where Coonley's drug store now
is. Upon retiring he found his bed inhabited,
and so voracious were the bugs that sleep
was impossible, and he arose at daylight and
started for a walk. He wandered in the old
Sample orchard and was so much taken with
the beauty of the place that he returned to
the hotel, consulted with his wife and before
night Dought the place, and thus became a
citizen of South Bend. Mr. Wadhams finan-
cially assisted many enterprises in this city,
and through his great wealth aided many men
in their education and helped them on to suc-
cess, tie was one of the founders of the
great Dodge Manufacturing Company, of
Mishawaka, and he aiso helped other enter-
prises here to secure a footing. He was
one of the organizers of the First National
Bank, and was a director irom 1871 until his
death. He was a man of the highest probity
and nonor. He saw only the good is humanity
and excused weakness. He was charitable and
benevolent to a fauit, and was loved by all.
Mr. Wadhams was married m 1838 to Miss
Hulda M. Stedman, who d.ed April 18, 1890.
He has two children, one, Mrs. Mary Periam,
of Rogers Park, Chicago, now deceased, and
Mrs. Phoebe Morgan, the wife of Mr. Henrv
C. Morgan, of this city, who survives him.

CARLTON WADHAMS.

press is felt in our leading commercial circles.
Mr. Carlton Wadhams was a native of Con-
necticut, and came of hardy Yankee stocK.
He was born at Goshen near the City of Hart-

NELSON P. BOWSHER.
The late Mr. Nelson P. Bowsher, the founde.-
of The N. P. Bowsher Company, manufacturers
of feed mills and machinery specialties, was an
honored citizen of South Bend for a number
of years, and contributed materially to the ad-
vancement and progress of the city, both in

SOUTH BEND

private and public service. He was born in
Noble County, Indiana, in 1S45. and was the
son of Boston Bowsher and Sophia (Koonce)
Bowsher. When he came to this city in 1871
he was regarded as one of the best hand cabi-
net makers in the middle west, having demon-
strated his skill against \he leading workers in
that branch of business. \One spring morning
in 1871 Mr. Bowsher walked into South Bend,
and the same energetic spirit that prompted
him to make his way on foot, when his funds
were exhausted, rather than resort to question-
able methods of transportation, has character-
ized his entire life and laid the enduring foun-
dations of his later success. At that time he
was of a frail build and marked by his friends
for an early demise, but he secured employment

NELSON P. BOWSHEU.

in the overhauling of the Keedy & Loornis
flour mills, which was then in progress. Here
his exceptional skill with tools, clear mechani-
cal insight and forceful industry commanded
recognition, and shortly afterward he entered
the employ of Bissell & DeCamp, machinists
and mill v, rights. He was next engaged in the
pattern department of the Oliver Plow Works.
Here for eight years his history was one of
well deserved advancement at the hands of
generous and appreciative employers who rec-
ognized the value of his service. During these
years Mr. Bowsher assisted in bringing out
many of the early triumphs of this mammoth
institution, but ill health compelled him to
sever his connection with this establishment,

and although he never re-entered the employ
of the Messrs. Oliver, their friendly interest
and the good will of other prominent manufac-
turers contributed largely to the success of his
own later business ventures, and as business
frequently took him fiom home, he established
Arm personal and business friendships with
leading Arms in all parts of the country. Mr.
Bowsher held but one public office. He was
elected water works trustee in 1884 by a ma-
jority several times greater than his own ticket,
and served until 1887, giving himself up to
the duties of Ihe position at the material sacri-
fice of his own interests. During his term of
service the city perfected its priceless system
of artesian water supply and the fiist steam
pumps were installed, and Mr. Bowsher and
his co-workers enjoyed the satisfaction of see-
ing the completion of their labors and the suc-
cessful operation of the improvements before
the expiration of their terms of office. Mr.
Bowsher was at all times alive to the best in-
terests of the city and invariably assisted in
every enterprise that tended to promote the
advancement of South Bend, both at home and
abroad. His death occurred in 1898, after an
intermittent illness of four years, during which
time the active management of his business
was confided to the hands of his two sons,
D. D. Bowsher and J. C. Bowsher, but the im-
press of his strong personality was, and is,
still felt in every enterprise with which he was
connected. One of his latest acts was a liberal
gift in money to the building fund of Epworth
Hospital. During all his res'dence in South
Bend he was a consistent member of the Metho-
dist Episcopal church.

HON. JOHN BROWNFIELD.

No man was ever more warmly endeared to
this community, nor occupied a higher place
in the respect of our people than the late Hon.
John Brownfield, whose death occurred in this
city January 21, 1890. His many kindly acts
are still fresh and fragrant in the memories
of those who knew and loved him while he
lived, and who were ever proud to be num-
bered among his friends. Mr. Brownfield was
a native of Pennsylvania, and was born in
Uniontown, Payette county, in that state, De-
cember 24, 1808. His parents were Virginians,
who came of English descent. His father was
of Pughstown, Frederick county, Va., on the
mountain near the Shenandoah Valley His
mother. Elizabeth Fisher, was a Friend (Qua-
ker), and through existing records of mar-
riages and births of that society her ancestry
is accurately traced to Hanley-on-Thames and
Barmstone, Yorkshire, 1672. Emigrated in

SOUTH BEND

1703 to Bucks county, Pa. Further details of
lineage are given in an "In Memoriam," ad-
mirably written and privately circulated by-
James Searight (a nephew of Mr. Brownfield)
in honor of his father and mother (Mr. Brown-
field's sister). The old house in which Mr.
Brownfield' s mother lived on Back Creek, near
the village of Gainsboro, about nine miles
northwest of Winchester, Va., is still in the
possession of some of her mother's descend-
ants, and a photograph of it is in the pos-
session of Mr. Biownfield's children. As a boy
he attended school in Uniontown until he was
fifteen years of age, when he secured employ-
ment in a large general store kept by Isaac
Beeson, the leading merchant of that place.
At this occupation he worked for five years

HON. .tOHN BROWNFIELD.

for his "board and clothes," and at the end
of that time received eight dollars a month
and his board. Here he gained health and
strength and a knowledge of business and when
he was twenty-one he engaged in business
with his elder brother. Col. Ewing Brownfield.
After three years he married Miss Lydia A.
Beeson, the daughter of his former employer,
and shortly afterward, with his young wife, ha
came to Niles, Mich., to visit some members
of the Beeson family, who had located there.
During his visit he came to South Bend, La-
porte and several other villages in this section
of the state, and finally decided to remove to
this city and engage in business. In 1834 he
returned here, and bringing with him a stock

of goods amounting to about $3,000. He pur-
chased a lot near Michigan and Water streets,
and erected a large frame building, and for
fifty-four years was one of the most success-
ful and respected merchants in Northern In-
diana. Afterward in 1857, an extensive brick
store building and residence was erected here,
and notwithstand'ng the trend of business
southward Mr. Brownfield adhered to his first
location and continued to transact a large busi-
ness. Everyone within the radius of his in-
fluence and personality knew him for an honest
man in the highest and noblest sense of the
term. His trade increased, his credit was un-
impeached, and he passed successfully through
the financial panics of 1837 and 1840, when al-
most every other merchant in the city was com-
pelled to suspend. When the South Bend
branch of the State Bank of Indiana was estab-
lished Mr. Brownfield was its first president,
and most ably conducted its affairs during its
entire existence. He conducted a private bank
for some years after and finally organized the
South Bend National Bank, remaining its
president until he went out of business. So
firmly established was his reputation for abil-
ity and honesty that when the South Bend
Iron Works was organized he was made presi-
dent of the company, at Mr. Oliver's sugges-
tion, and he held this important office for many
years. During his busy, useful and eventful
life he held many positions of honor and trust,
and in every act exemplified the highest prin-
ciples of honor, and a consistant and scrupu-
lous regard for probity and rectitude. H-3
never condescended to drive a "sharp bargain,"
and always paid what goods were worth, and
everyone was assured of full measure and am-
ple weight who dealt at his warehouse. Dur-
ing the course of many years he had become
heavily indebted, and it became necessary in
1889 for him to settle his debts by disposing
of all of his property. Everything he pos-
sessed was unhesitatingly and voluntarily
given up to satisfy the claims of creditors, and
his chief fear and apprehension was that his
assets would not fully meet his every liability.
When his affairs were finally settled by Mr.
Marvin Campbell, his son-in-law, and every
debt was paid in full he felt a commendable
pride in the thought that no man had been
wronged out of a dollar. In his religious life
he was firm, steadfast and consistent. He em-
braced religion in 1829 and was a member of
the Methodist Episcopal church until his
death. In 1835 after coming to South Bend,
he formed the nucleus of a Sunday school 1n
his own home, with only six scholars In a
little time a log house was erected at Pearl
and Jefferson streets, and from this inception

SOUTH BEND

has grown the Sunday school of the First M.
E. Church of this city. Mr. Brownfield was
superintendent for forty-three years and the
children and grandchildren of his first scholars
afterward came under his kindly spiritual min-
istrations. He conscientiously lived the lite
he taught and was a living precept for the
betterment and elevation of humanity. He was
not only active in the church hut a very liberal
contributor. He was a constant attendant at
all services for more than half a century.
When his place was vacant it was evidence that
he was ill, or out of the city. He was always
generous to the deserving and no appeal for
aid was ever made in vain. In politics he was
a Democrat, and was one of the first trustees
of the village, outliving all of his associates.
He was president of the board from 1845 to
1848 and treasurer from 1S4S to 1859, while for
many years he was active chief of the Fire
Department. He was modest and retiring and
honestly believed that no office was worth hav-
ing except it came as an honor unsought. He
prized far more highly the Trusteeship of As-
bury University than any political honor that
could have been conferred upon him, and con-
tributed liberally to its support. During the
rebellion he was a staunch Union man and at
once offered his services to Governor Mortou
in any position in which he might be useful.
Loving, kind, charitable and noble he was a
prince among men. and his death was a public
bereavement. Mr. Brownfield's first wife died
in 1S53. and in 1856 he was married to Miss
Elizabeth Ellis ot Philadelphia, who is also
deceased. He left two children of his first
marriage to survive him, both of whom are
now living. Mr. John Brownfield, Jr.. a gradu-
ate of both Asbury and Harvard, and a widely
known lawyer, and Mrs. Lydia Campbell, wife
of Hon. Marvin Campbell, one of our most
prominent citizens and business men. At his
funeral all creeds and denominations were
represented, Protestants and Catholics, He-
brews and Gentiles, for he was the friend of all.

DR. LOUIS HUMPHREYS.

One of the most prominent physicians and
public spirited citizens of South Bend was
Dr. Louis Humphreys, whose deeply lamented
death occurred in this city on May 9, 1880.
Dr. Humphreys was identified with the pro-
fessional and social life of this city from 1844,
when he first came here to practice medicine,
until his death, except during the civil war,
wnen he was heroically engaged in the service
of his country. He was a native of Ohio, and
was born in Springfield. :n that state, Septem-
ber 21, 1816. His father, John Humphreys, was

a native of Ireland, who came to America
when he was twenty-one years of age and lo-
cated in Ohio, and his mother was a most es-
timable Virginia lady. Dr. Humphreys was
educated at Franklin Academy, in Kentucky,
and the high school at Springfield. He came
to South Bend first in 1838, and commenced
the study of medicine with his brother. Dr.
Harvey Humphreys, who was established in
practice here. He then went to Laporte, Ind„
where he commenced his studies at the Indi-
ana State University, but on the discontinu-
ance of the medical department of that insti-
tution he attended college at Keokuk, Iowa,
and graduated in 1S44. He then returned to
South Bend and practiced with his brother
for several years, when he established himselt

DR. LOUIS HUMPHREYS.

in his profession on his own account. Dr.
Humphreys was always a man of liberal and
progressive ideas, and in 1855 he was instru-
mental in the organization of the St. Joseph
County Medical Society, and was its presi-
dent during 1855, 1856 and 1857. He was also
one of the founders of the St. Joseph Valley
Medical Association, and served as its presi-
dent in 1874 and 1875. In July, 1861, he en-
tered the army and was appointed surgeon of
the Twenty-ninth Indiana Volunteers. He also
served as brigade surgeon from March until
June, 1S62, when he was appointed by Presi-
dent Lincoln as one of eight medical inspectors
of the United States Army, writn the rank of
Lieutenant Colonel, and with headquarters ai

SOUTH BEND

Washington. He was with the Armies of the
Potomac and the Southwest, and rendered
valuable service to his country, both in the
field and the executive management of the
medical department, bringing order out of
chaos and perfectly systematizing the medical
operations of the army. He remained in this
honorable and responsible position until June
1, 1866, when he returned home and again re-
sumed his private practice. For four years
he was Commissioner of the Indiana Hospital
for the Insane, and in 1868 he was elected
Mayor of South Bend. So ably did he fulfil;
the duties of this position that in 1S70 he
was reelected and served the second term,
an honor rarely accorded a city official. He
was one of the originators of the St. Joseph
County Savings Bank, and was the president
of that institution from its inception until
his death. Dr. Humphreys was a deep lover
of music and a student of higher literature,
an able writer and a most charming and in-
structive conversationalist. He organized the
Philharmonic Society in this city, and was
one of the originators of the Public Library,
which was started long before the present
law was adopted, and which was sustained
in modest quarters in a store on Michigan
street by the private contributions of our
citizens, chief among whom was Dr. Hum-
phreys. He was a charter member of the local
lodges of Odd Fellows and Knights of Pythias,
a member of the Grand Army of the Republic,
and held honorable official positions in all.
In religious affiliations he was a Presbyterian,
and for years was an elder and trustee of the
First Cnurch of this city. Professionally he
was a member of the Indiana State Medical
Society, and of the American Medical Asso-
ciation, and contributed numerous important
papers to the medical journals of the day.
Dr. Humphreys was of commanding and im-
posing stature, courteous and dignified, and
one of the most genial and generous of men.
No appeal was ever made to him in vain, and
many of the poor and deserving people of this
city received not only his professional minis-
trations without fee, but were substantially
helped by his kindly provisions for their phy-
sical needs. During his long career in this
city no one more fully enjoyed the esteem of
his friends and the entire community, and his
death was mourned by all. Dr. Humphreys
was married in April, 1844, to Miss Margaret
Pierson, a resident of Cooperstown, New York,
and this most estimable laay was his compan-
ion and assistant during his busy and useful
life, and still survives him. Dr. Humphreys
also left two daughters, Mary and Evelyn
Humphreys, and the latter most ably fills the

responsible position of librarian at the Public
Library- Mrs. Humphreys and her two daugh-
ters reside in the old homestead, at No. 502
West Wasnington street, and are endeared
to hosts of friends.

JAMES OLIVER.

The wonderful progress and miterial ad-
vancement of the city of South Bend is in-
seperably linked with the name of Mr. James
Oliver, who for a half century has been one of
the most important factors in its substantial
growth and development. From its earliest
efforts to found a great and thriving manufac-
turing city, Mr. Oliver has been prominently
identified with every movement that tended to
legitimately promote its interests, and to his
unfailing public spirit and his progressive ideas
the city is indebted for one of its largest manu-
factories, the most handsome and completely
equipped hotel, a beautiful temple of the
drama, and some of the most impos'ng struc-
tures that now adorn our streets. The growth
of Mr. James Oliver has marked the substan-
tial growth of this city, and as South Bend has
expanded from the primitive village of fifty
years ago to the present proud position it now
holds among the cities of the west, so Mr. Oli-
ver has developed from the energetic and hon-
est workingman to the honored proprietor and
manager of one of the greatest industries in the
country, and the most philanthropic of citi-
zens. Mr. Oliver comes of sturdy Scotch an-
cestry and early learned the true worth of
honest and unremitting labor, and success has
never weakened his warm regard and respect
for the conscientious workman and the honest
artisan. Mr. Oliver was Porn in Liddisdale
parish, Rocksburyshire, Scotland on August 2S
1823, and his parents were in humble circum-
stances. When lie was twelve years of age
they came to America and for one year they
located in Seneca County, N. Y., and finally per-
manently settled in Mishawaka. When but
thirteen years old he contributed to the mainte-
nance of the family, and at seventeen he com-
menced what may be justly termed an active
business career. In the summer of 1840 he
undertook a contract for the Lee Company, of
Mishawaka, to dig a trench for laying pump
logs to carry water from a brook through Vis-
tula street to the race and still house, wmch
was built in tnat year His first venture was
successful, but not very remunerative, and he
continued in the employ of the Lee Company
in various capacities, during which time, with
but little capital and large credit. Le purchased
a building and lot across the river from the
Lee establishment. The property was destroy-

835101

ioo

SOUTH BEND.

ed by fire and Mr. Oliver, who was sleeping in
the building, had a narrow escape from being
burned to death. He then wonted in the coop-
er shop of the factory and in a short time had
mastered the rudiments of coopering and could
turn out eleven batrels a day, getting out his
own timber and shaving his own staves. From
1845 to 1S55 he was in the employ of the St.
Joseph Iron Works where he acquired a
thorough and practical knowledge of the
foundry business. Prior to this time, however,
he was married to Miss Susan Doty, a most
estimable young lady of Mishawaka, and they
eommenced housekeeping in a modest cottage
which he had purchased, and later he removed

JAMES OLIVER.

to a more commodious home on the north side
of the city of Mishawaka. In 1855 the foundry
changed ownership and Mr. Oliver left its em-
ploy. He came to South Bend in order to take
a train for Goshen, where he thought of loca-
ting, and wnile waiting for the train he met
with a Mr. Lamb who was associated with Mr.
Ira Fox in a small iron foundry, and after due
consideration he decided to purchase an interest
in the business. This was Mr. Oliver's tirst
business venture in South Bend, and from that
humble beginning has grown the mammoth
manufacturing establishment of the present
day. This foundry was known as the Soutli
Bend Iron Works, and was located on Mill
street, near Washington street, on the we.--t

race, and the site is now occupied by the Co-
quillard Wagon Works. In a few years Mr.
Oliver bought out the interests of his partners
and assumed full control of the business. His
first contract was for supplying the iron col-
umns for the new St. Joseph Hotel which was
being erected on the corner of Washington and
Main streets, where the stately "Oliver" now
stands. While engaged in this work there was
a freshet in the river which washed away his
water power and flooded his foundry. Undis-
mayed, however, Mr. Oliver at once put in
horse power and succeeded in delivering the
columns to the builders at the specified time.
On Christmas eve, 1859, the foundry was burned
to the ground, but was rebuilt and the business
was renewed on a more extensive scale. Mr.
Oliver was afterward associated with Mr. T. M.
Bissell, and Mr. George Milburn, of Mishawaka,
also became interested in the growing enter-
p:ise. In 1864 another fire occurred, and this
although equally disastrous, was more speedily
overcome and rebuilt, with increased facilities.
At this time Mr. Oliver began his experiments
in the manufacture of the chilled plow which
has since made his name famous wherever
progressive agriculture is known throughout
the world. Thoroughly convinced of the utility
of his invention, and feeling assured of its ulti-
mate success, he labored incessantly night and
day to perfect his great invention. In spite of
ignorance and opposition, the ridicule of
friends and the attacks of critics he persevered,
surmounting all difficulties, always confident
and determined to achieve success, he labored
on and at last came the fulfillment of his
dreams, the realization of his hopes, and the
substantial and permanent reward for his un-
failing courage and um emitting labor. At the
Centennial Exposition in Philadeplhia in 1870,
the Oliver Chilled Plow was triumphantly ex-
hibited and gained the favorable verdict of the
agriculturists of the world. Its success was
assured, and the limited facilities of the work;
soon proved too inadequate to supply the great
and increasing demand for these modern im-
plements. Enlarged works were now a necces-
sity, and Mr. Oliver, with that forethought
which has ever characterized his business man-
agement, purchased the Perkins farm of thirty
two acres in the southwestern part of the city
where the great Oliver Chilled Plow Works are
now located. Here a thousand skilled work-
men are employed, in the various mammoth
departments and the products of these works
find a market in every section of the civilized
world. The Oliver Plow Works has becom:-
one of the greatest manufacturing industries
of the country, and .Mr. James Oliver is one of
the most successful and prominent men of the

SOUTH BEND.

101

age. Through all his varied experiences Mr.
Oliver has always taken a deep interest in the
prosperity and higher advancement of the City
of South Bend to which he is endeared by every
tie that can bind a man to material things, and
he has always been foremost in advancing its
legitimate growth and its institutions. In 1885,
in connection with his son, Joseph D. Oliver,
he erected the handsome and luxuriously ap-
pointed Oliver Opera House, which is acknow-
ledged by all theatrical managers, and the
public, "as an example of architectural and dec-
orative beauty unsurpassed by any structure of
its kind in the country." The dedication of the
Opera House, which occurred on October 2t\
1885, was an important public event, and the
opening drama was Louis XI. performed by
that sterling actor, Mr. W. H. Sheridan. In De-
cember, 1899, Mr. Oliver threw open the doors
of the magnificent "Oliver" Hotel, which for
years had occupied the mind of its oiiginator
and owner. He desired to do something for
the city which he loved so well, and after ma-
ture consideration the beautiful structure be-
came a reality, and the Oliver Hotel is one
of the most beautiful and handsomely appoint-
ed in the country, and is absolutely fire proof
from basement to the roof. Mr. Oliver is also
about to again demonstrate nis great public
spirit by erecting, from his own means, a new
and imposing City Hall, and to await the re-
payment of this laudable investment by the
appreciative tax payers of South Bend. Mr.
Oliver's home on West Washington street is an
ideal residence and a fitting abode for himself
and his estimable wife, who is still living to
enjoy the fruits of her husband's industry and
genius, and to dispense numberless acts of
charity and womanly benevolence to those up-
on whom fortune has failed to smile and who
are in need of her kindly words and the help-
ing hand of this venerable and gracious lady.
Mr. Oliver is also the owner of an extensive
farm of 425 acres located in the southwestern
part of the city, which is a favorite resort of
his, and where he spends many restful hours
amid the growing crops and all the inspiring
scenes of agricultuial life. His family consists
of a son, Mr. Joseph D. Oliver, who is associat-
ed with him in business, and whose palatial
home and extensive grounds are the nride of
the people of South Bend, and a daughter, Jose-
phine, who is the estimable wife of Hon. George
Ford, a prominent attorney of this city. Mr.
Oliver's career has been one of honor and the
successful crownins of honest and persistent
labor, and his declining years are mellowed and
cheered by the sweet repose of a life well spent
and in the profound and grateful esteem of an
entire community

HON. CLEM STUDEBAKER.

Hon. Clem Studebaker, one of the founders
of the present gigantic wagon and vehicle
establishment in this city, known as the Stude-
baker Bros. Manufacturing Company, and its
president, is a native of Pennsylvania, and
comes of that sturay stock which has con-
tributed so much to the material wealth of
the Keystone State. He was born near Get-
tysburg, in Adams County, Pennsylvania,
March 12, 1831, and his father, John Stude-
baker, was a successful blacksmith and wagon
maker in that locality. When he was but four
years of age his father decided to come west,
and with his family, his household goods and
his implements of trade, journeyed over the
mountains in a wagon of his own construction

HON. CLEM STUDEBAKER.

and located in Ashland County, Ohio. Here
the early youth of Mr. Studebaker was passed.
In this locality he received his early schooling,
and when quire a boy, with his brothers, as-
sisted his father at the forge and in the
workshop, thus acquiring that thorough knowl-
edge of the business which so eminently
equipped him for his present success. In 1850
he determined to seek his own fortune, and
came to South Bend, and during two terms
he taught school in this vicinity. He then
engaged in the blacksmith shop of a threshing
machine company, and after one year of labor
and economy he resolved to start in business
for himself. In partnership with Henry Stude-
baker, his elder brother, they opened a primi-

Ib2

SOUTH BEND.

tive blacksmith shop on Michigan street, near
Jefferson street, where they shod horses and
did a general repair business, and succeeded
during the first year in building two wagons.
This was the foundation of the present great
plant, acknowledged to be the largest in the
world. To-day in the office of the great works
of the Studebaker Bros, may be seen an oil
painting of the little log blacKsmith shop bear-
ing upon a broad sign-board the name of "John
Studebaker. Blacksmith." from which this giant
enterprise has sprung. From a scanty set of
tools and a capital which amounted to $68.00,
this firm has grown to the possession of mil-
lions of dollars, a manufacturing capacity of
hundreds of thousands of vehicles and a name
and reputation which extends wherever civili-
zation has marched with the onward step of
progress and development. From two wagons
a year to the present almost unlimited capa-
city; from a log shop of meager proportions
to a mighty coiporation whose mammoth build-
ings cover nearly one hundred acres of ground,
and from a scanty capital of less than one
hundred dollars to millions well invested, un-
limited creait and reputation, and a name
honored in all lands, this great institution has
grown and flourished under the guidance and
management of its original toimder. A man
of rare ability, ambitious, liberal, energetic
and determined. Mr. Studebaker has justly
earned every degree of the great success he
has achieved. Mr. Studebaker has ever been
a man among men, and aside from his business
prominence, he has been active in many other
positions in life. He is interested in the
Methodist Church, and for years was connected
with the extensive book concern of that de-
nomination, and was a delegate to its geneia
conferences. Twice he has represented the
State of Indiana in ihe Republican National
Conventions, and was United States Commis-
sioner to the Paris Exposition, and that at
New Orleans, and at the World's Columbian
Exposition in Chicago he was president of the
Indiana Board of Managers. He has also been
identified with educational institutions; Is a
member of tne trustees of Du Pauw Univer-
sity, and is president of the Board of Trustees
of the Chautauqua Assembly. During 1889-
1890 Mr. Studebaker was selected by President
Harrison to represent the United States at
the Pan-American Congress at Washington,
wheie his influence was largely felt. In every
walk of life his influence is manifested, and he
is a representative American. Broad and liberal
in all his views, with a heart perfectly attuned
to the cause of charity, and with a public
spirit that manifests itself in material works

and enduring improvements, Mr. Studebaker
is an ideal business man, citizen, friend and
philanthropist, and enjoys the esteem of the
entire community of Soutn Bend. Mr. Stude-
baker was married to Mrs. Anna Milburn
Harper, whose father was Mr. George Milburn,
a prominent wagon manufacturer of Misha-
waka, and who afterward removed to Toledo,
Ohio. Mrs. Studebaker is a most estimable
lady and is warmly interested in church and
charitable work. The Studebaker home is
one of the handsomest and most charming
residences in South Benn, and bears the his-
toric name of "Tippecanoe," in memory of the
famous Indian treaty which history records
as having taken place on the grounds now oc-
cupied Dy the stateiy mansion of the family.

.1. M. STUDEBAKER.
Mr. J. M. Studebaker, the vice president and
treasurer of the Studebaker Bros. Mfg. Com-
pany, of South Bend, Indiana, was born near
Gettysburg, in Adams County, in the state of
Pennsylvania. October 10, 1833. His father,
John Studebaker, conducted a blacksmith shop
in that locality, but emigrated with his family

.1. M. STUDEBAKER.

to Ashland County, Ohio, when the subject of
this sketch was two years of age. The edu-
cational facilities of that early day were not
extensive, and the Studebaker children, while
living in Ashland County had to walk two
miles in o:der to reach the country school.
Young J. M., ended his school days at the age

SOUTH BEND

103

of fifteen, when he found employment on, the
farm of his brother-in-law at three dollars per
month, the money going to his father to assist
in the support of the family. In 1851 John
Studebaker, the father, again removed with his
family and possessions, traveling overland in
a wagon, built by his own hands, to South
Bend, Ind. Here he located four miles south of
the present city, he and his family finding
their first home in a log house during the win-
ter of 1851 The immediate support of ths
family during that winter was derived from
ti attic in wood with South Bend as the market.
Young J. M. made a record of cutting two
cords per day which his father hauled as cut
and sold for two dollars per cord. In t!ie
spring of 1852 J. M. entered the employ of John
Cotton, a wagon maker of South Bend, and in
the winter of 1852 he made the wood work of a
wagon and his brothers, Henry and Clem, iron-
ed it. This was one of the first wagons ever
made by the brothers afterwards renowned as
the Studebaker Bros. Mlg. Co. In the spring of
1853 a company was formed in South Bend to
go overland to California, and for the privilege
of joining this band with board furnished,
young J. M. contracted to give his wagon and
his services en route. A trip across the plains
in those days was an undertaking involving
both hardship and peril. This party in partic-
ular had its full allotment of trials to make
sure that the event in the future should not
be forgotten. There were wearisome marches
to be made, at times hunger and thirst to be
endured, swelling floods to be crossed, moun-
tains to be scaled and the pursuit of murderous
savages to be baffled. The leader and manager
of the party was bitten by a scorpion, and was
buried in the Carson Valley near the Carson
river. The pilgrimage came to an end near
Hangtown, California, where the party dis-
banded August 31, 1853, after a journey whicj
had lasted just five months. At this juncture
Mr. Studebaker's reserve iund amounted exact-
ly to fifty cents Fortunately he secured em-
ployment at once with a Hangtown blacksmith,
the late H. L. Hines, who was in after years
for a time a stockholder in the Studebaker
Bros. Mfg. Co., and the superintendent of the
factories. Mr. Studebaker received the con-
tract to make twenty-five wheelbarrows at fif-
teen dollars each and the completion of this
work in a satisfactory manner established his
reputation with his employer, and he became a
partner in the business. With a determina-
tion to make a start in the world he practiced
rigid economy, even to doing his own washing,
and when, at the expiration of five years he
sold his interest and returned to South Bend
he was able, from his savings, to pay four

tnousand dollars in gold coin, buying out tne
half interest in the business of Studebaker
Bros.. Henry retiring from the business to en-
gage in tanning. The firm name was at this
time changed to C. & J. M. Studebaker. Clem
Studebaker, the president of the corporation
to-day, did the blacksmith work and J. M. was
the wood worker. The combination was a
strong one. Both young men were skilled me-
chanics, active and aggress. ve in their business.
Their affairs prospered apace, and not loug
aLter this the firm was enlarged by taking in
the brother next younger than J. M., Peter E.
Studebaker and finally the youngest brother,
Jacob F. Studebaker. This stalwart quartette,
bringing to bear upon the business their united
energies, skill and judgment, built up the larg-
est vehicle works 'n the world. Mr. J. M. Stu-
debaker is now sixty-seven years of age, but is
still hale, vigorous and hearty and active in the
management of his vast business interests.
Mr. J. M. Studebaker has one son, J. M. Jr.,
and two sons-in-law, F. S. Fish and H. D. John-
son, who are all actively engaged in the busi-
ness. These, together with the young men of
the different branches of the family, are fill-
ing responsible positions with the company,
displaying in their labors such business abiliiy
and harmony of management as gives promise
of the future development and continued suc-
cess of this great industiy which has been
built up and will one day be lett to them by the
Studebaker Bros. Mfg. Co. Mr. Studebaker has
little patience with those who claim that the
changed conditions in the industrial world no
longer admit of the chances of success which
were formerly presented to the young man
starting in life. He maintains that the same
qualities that insured reward fifty years ago
are potent to-day If capital is lacking, there
is simply the greater need for rigid saving, in-
dustry and enterprise. Mr. Studebaker's beau-
tiful home and extensive grounds are known as
"Sunnyside," located in the eastern suburbs of
the city. Whatever relates to the welfare or
advancement of South Bend has ever been a
matter of interest to Mr Studebaker, and how-
ever busy he may be with his private affaiis,
he is always ready to render the service which
a progressive community may rightfully expect
from its public spirited citizens

WILLIAM L. K1ZER.
The material development and geographical
growth and advancement of a progressive
American city is largely due to the business
energy of the dealer in real property, and those
who enable others to improve property already
acquired. This is particularly true of South

104

SOUTH BEND.

Bend and the men engaged in real estate trans-
actions have been important factors in its sub-
stantial growth and advancement. In this re-
gard Mr. William L. Kizer, of the film of Kizer
& Wool vei ton, whose offices are in the Oliver
Opera House block, takes a high place. Mr.
Kizer is a native of Ohio, and was born at
Millersburg, Febiuary 15, 1S44. His father, E.
F. Kizer, was a retired farmer, and the young
man received a liberal college education, both
in science and the classics. In 1S65 he came
to South Bend and a year later was appointed
Deputy Collector of Internal Revenue for the
Fifth Division of the Ninth Revenue District
of Indiana. He was then transferred to the
general office of the Ninth District, under Col.
Norman Eddy, and served in this important

al.y Company, of New York. Mr. Kizer is one
of the most entei prising business men in the
city, and his judgment and advice in real estate
matters is implicitly relied upon by a large
clientage of the leading citizens. His business
methods are prompt, conservative and
thorough and his standing in the community
is of the highest. In addition to his extensive
real estate, loan and insurance business Mr.
Kizer is inteiested in a number of business
enterpiises, ail of which have added to tn.;
growth and prosperity of the city. He is the
president of the Indiana Anchor Fence Com-
pany; treasurer of the Dr. Whitehall Megri-
mine Company; secretary of the Malleable Steel
rtange Manufacturing Company, and is a direc-
tor in the St. Joseph Loan and Trust Company.
Mr. Kizer was married to Miss Elizabeth
Brick, and with his family resides in a hand-
some home at No. 803 West Washington street.

position until the spring of 186S, when he was
appointed as Traveling Special Agent for the
Aetna Insurance Company of Hartford, Ct. Ha
remained in this business for about one year,
when he returned to South Bend and engaged
in the real estate and insurance business in
the office of Hon. Andrew Anderson. In Juny
1869, he formed a partnership with Jacob Wool-
veiton, under the Arm name of Kizer & Wool-
verton. which has been in active business in
this city since that time. The firm conduct:;
an extensive business in real estate, loans and
insurance and makes investments in Illinois,
Indiana and Michigan. They also act as agents
for a number of leading fire insurance com-
panies of the country, for the New York Life
Insurance Company and the Fidelity and Casu-

ALMOND BUGBEE.

Mr. Almond Bugbee, one of the oldest and
most honored citizens ot South Bend, has been
laentuiea with me niSLOiy ot mis city lor more
than sixty-three yeais. Mr. Bugbee comes of
revolutionary ancestry. His grandfather, Abiel
misuee, tought at the battle of Bunker Hill,
under General Putnam, to whom his family
were remoteiy relateu, and nis ia,n.jr, La, v. a
Bugbee, was a captain ot miiitia in the second
war ot independence, lsiz-lSlo. Almond Bug-
bee was born at Hyde Park, Vermont, January
6, 1815, a ptiiocl oi momentous anu stirring
events in national nisiory, anu tue year wtucn
maiked the beginning ot the decadence of the
colonial idea and the inspiration of nationalism
which Americans nave since maintained. Mr.
Bugbee has lived through the greater part of
the nineteentn century, and has witnessed its
marvelous growtn, progress and inventive ad-
vancement, and has seen South Bend, his
adopted home, increase trom a frontier village
of whites and Indians to one of the foiemost
cities of Indiana. Mr. Bugbee was left an
orphan at an early age, his mother, Fanny
( Sessions) Bugbee, died when he was three
years old and his father when he was but
ten, and he was left to the care ot a widowed
step-mother. His early education was acquired
in the district schools, and at the age of six-
teen he was apprenticed to Edwarn Morris, of
Strafford. Vermont, to learn the tanner, currier
and shoemaker trade, and although but a boy.
he acted as assistant postmaster. He remained
in Vermont for five years, and then staited
west to seek his fortune. His point of desti-
nation was Milwaukee, Wisconsin, but reach-

SOUTH BEND.

105

ing Niles, Michigan, on his way, he heard so
much of South Bend that he resolved to visit
the p. ace and investigate its possibilities. The
feeling was very bitter at that time, and Mr.
Bugbee expeiienced great difficulty in securing
a conveyance to this city. He finally reached
South Bend March 9, 1837, where he met a
kind reception, was pleased with the people
and the village, and decided to remain. He at
once commenced business, and has resided
here ever since. He worked for a Quaker
shoemaker named William S. Vail for a few
months, and then, in December, 1837, he es-
tablished a shoe store of his own, employing
three or four men. In 1842 he purchased the
tannery of George D. Edge, which he enlarged
and supplied with water power, and conducted

ALMOND BUGBEE.

it in connection with his boot and shoe busi-
ness, employing at one time more men than
any other employer in the place. He was the
first in the village to place his stock on the
shelves ready made, as prior to that time boots
and shoes were always made to measure and
to order. In spite of adverse criticism, this
new departure proved a substantial success.
In company with the late Alexis Poote and
others, Mr. Bugbee organized the first incor-
porated business company in South Bend. It
was called "The Cordwainers' Union," for the
manufacture of boots and shoes. According
to state official records this was the first
co-operative union incorporated in Indiana. Mr.
Bugbee was the president, and the other mem-

bers were Jesse L. Waterhouse, Eliphalet Fer-
guson, David Jodon, Mr. La Pierre and John
G. Beitner, all o£ whom were prominent citi-
zens. He always took a deep and kindly inter-
est in the wenare of his employes, many of
whom, in later years, engaged in business and
became prospeious, respected and honored cit-
izens. He made a contract for the erection
of the dwelling in which he resides in 1840,
on the day when the treaty was concluded
with the Indians for their removal to reserva-
tions in the then "far west.' Mr. Bugbee's
hrst tannery was located on the west race,
near the loot oi Colfax avenue, wheie he
conducted me business ior nine years, when
the factory was burned down with little insur-
ance. He rebuilt and continued the business
until the flood ot lSao swept away the dam
across the river and nearly destroyed the west
race. He next erected a furniture factoiy on
the site and leased it, but shortly after it was
destroyed by fire. Again he rebuilt it and
leased it to a firm from Massachusetts, who,
during the war of the reoellion, manufactured
gun stocks from black walnut timDer, as well
was the foundiy and machine shops of Mr.
Bugbee conducted it successfully for several
years. The factory was afterward leased to
Judson, Montgomery & Co., to the Studebaker
Bros., and to Alexis Coquillard, to whom he
sold the property later. Adjoining nis factory
was the ioundry and machine shops of Mr.
James Oliver, in which he began his successful
career, and between Mr. Bugbee and Mr. Oliver
a warm friendship grew up, which has lasted
through life. Mr. Bugbee recalls vividly the
early pioneer days when steamboats and
barges plied the river, when little money except
"wild cat" was in circulation, and when busi-
ness was conducted principally by trade, barter,
exchange and on orders, and he was a visitor
in Chicago when the first railroad entered that
city. At the close of the rebellion he retired
from business. He was at one time a director
of the state Bank of Indiana, and his first act
in the bank was a suggestion, adopted by the
directors, and which saved the bank $30,000.00.
He assisted in the organization of the St. Jo-
seph County Savings Bank, was its first treas-
urer, and is now a trustee of that institution,
being one of the two of the incorporators now
living. Mr. Bugbee through life has invariably
acted through firm principle rather than from
policy, and without regard to the consequences,
and this led him in an early day to strongly
oppose the institution of negro slavery. He
was consistently antagonistic to a system which
robbed the laborer of his wages and his free-
dom, and unjustly condemned him to hopeless
toil, and while yet an apprentice he became a

100

SOUTH BEND,

warm anti-slavery advocate, and was active in
t.iie cause until slavery was abolished, it re-
quired moral courage 01 a hign degree to avow
such convictions, and no nine sacrifice, and
aitnough entirely innocent, ivir. miguee was
maue to suffer unjustly in the united States
i^ouit, and ine biai.e i>aniv oi i.uuana was in-
volved in the proceeuings. mis tame courage
01 nis convictions red him, at. an eany day, lo
Become a stiong advocate ot tempeiance ana
temperance measuies, and to tnese principles
fie lias remained faithiul during his long and
honorable lite. He was first married to Miss
Adeiia A. Crocker, on April 28, 1844. Miss
Crocker was tlie lady principal ot the first
acaaerny or high school 01 the early village ot
South Bend, and some ot the older citizens
now living were her pupils. She died January
28, 1861. Of this marriage one son was born,
Mr. Willis A. Bugbee, engaged in the title
abstract business. His second marriage \.
with Miss Mary P. Moody, of Newburyport,
Massachusetts, on January 13, 1883. Mr. Bug-
bee is of a kindly, genial disposition, and one
of the rare old style of New England men, who
are now fast disappearing. He has been identi-
fied with all of tne public measures which best
conserve the interests and welfare of South
Bend since 1837, and his unpretentious career
has been part of its history.

EDSON FOSTER.
Mr. Edson Foster, who has been an honored
resident of South Bend for more than a quar-
ter of a century, is a gentleman who is well
known in the community and enjoys the es-
teem of all. Mr. Foster was born at Turnbridge,
Vermont, August 29, 1821 and is the son of
William E. Foster and Lucinda (Walker)
Foster. His grandfather, Hezekiah Foster,
was a native of New Hampshire and was a pa-
triot of the American Revolution. Mr. Foster
was reared upon the farm and attended the
district schools in the vicinity of his home.
When he was fifteen years of age his parents
came to Indiana, making the journey by teams
and lake vessels, and located near Middlebury
in Elkhart County, and here his father died in
1837. Mr. Foster was engaged in teaching
school for more than ten years in Elkhart
County, and acquired a high reputation as an
educator of the young. He then secured a
clerkship and continued in this occupation for
four years, when he engaged in the mercantile
business. He was connected with his brother-
in-law, and the firm was known as Foster &
White, and their business was quite extensive.
From 1S51 to 1S92 Mr. Foster was connected
with this business but since 1875 it was prac-

tically managed by Mr. White, who died during
the latter year and the business was closed up.
Mr. Foster made frequent additions to his
landed interests and is the owner of several
hundred acres of valuable farming land in Elk-
hart County, which he rents to prosperous hus-
bandmen. Mr. Foster came to South Bend m
June 1875 and since that time has resided in
this city He is the owner of valuable real
estate in this city, and is one of the substan-
tial citizens of this section of the state. Dur-
ing an active life of over a half a century Mr
Foster has ever been broad minded and public
spirited in every sense of the term, and al-
though of quiet taste and unostentatious man-
ner is widely known. Mr. Foster was married
in 1845 to Miss May H. White, a daughter of
James J. White and his family consists of a

EDSON POSTER.

daughter, Mrs. Mary J. Hickox, the widow of
Albert J. Hickox, who lived in San Francisco,
Cal., and who with D. 0. Mills was one of the
founders of the Petroleum and Mining Ex-
change in New York City. Mr. Hickox died in
July, 1883, and since that time Mrs. Hickox
has resided with her father in South Bend. Mr.
Foster is still in possession of vigorous health,
and attends to his business interests with the
same zest and promptness that characterized
his earlier years. His comfortable home is lo-
cated at No. 741 West Washington street, and
here, in the enjoyment of the affections of his
family and the esteem of the community, he is
reaping the reward of a life of endeavor and
usefulness.

SOUTH BEND.

107

HON. A. L. BRICK.
Splendidly equipped by nature and education,
the Hon. Abraham Lincoln Brick has attained
an honorable place both at the bar of St. Jo-
seph County and in the esteem of the communi-
ty in this section of the state of Indiana. Mr.
Brick is an able attorney, a citizen of the high-
est type and an American in every elevated
sense of the term. He is a native of Indiana,
and was born on his father's farm in Warren
Township, St. Joseph County, May 27, 1860. His
father came of English-Scotch ancestory and
possessed all the strong characteristics of that
sturdy and progressive race Mr. Brick, the
elder, came to Indiana from New Jersey, when
the Hoosier state was practically a wilderness
and the home of i.ne aborigines, and here he

HON. A. I,. BRICK.

married Elizabeth Calvert who also came with
her parents from the East and located in that
vicinity. The son was educated in the district
schools and afterward attended the grammar
and high school of South ±>end. After that he
took a year's course at Cornell and Yale Uni-
versities, and then, on account of impaired
health, he spent a year on a ranch in Kansas.
Returning in vigorous health, he was sent to
the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor and
graduated from that institution, with high
honors, in 1883, and at once commenced the
practice of law in South Bend where he has
achieved a remarkable success and won deserved
distinction. He has been connected with a large
number of the most important cases which have
occupied the attention of the courts in this dis-

trict for years, and his abilities are recognized
by the bench and bar and uy the entire com-
munity. Without apparent ambition to hold
pubi.c office, he was early regarded by his con
stituents as the ideal official, and in 1886, when
but twenty-six years of age, he was nominated
as Prosecuting Attorney for the district which
then was composed of Laporte and St. Joseph
Counties. Although the two counties were
largely democratic, Mr. Brick was elected by a
majority of six votes, and his conduct of the
office fully justified the anticipations of his po-
litical friends. In 1892 he was selected as a
member of the State Central Committee, and
his advice and active services were of great
value to his party. In 1896 he was selected as
a Delegate to the National Convention at St.
Louis and was a prominent figure in that his-
toric assembly. Although reluctant to accept
higher honors of a political nature Mr. Brick
was prevailed upon ro accept the nomination as
Representative to Congress from the 13th Dis-
trict of Indiana, and in the election that follow-
ed he defeated his opponent by 2,500 majority.
As a representative he has been wise, consei-
vative and always mindful of the best Interests
of his district and the counti y at large, and has
won the respect and regard of his fellow mem-
beis of that legislative body. He was re-
elected in November, 1900, by a large majority.
In every respect Mr. Brick is an able, conscien-
tious, vigorous and courteous gentleman. He
was married November 11, 1884, to Miss Anna
Meyer, daughter of the late Godfrey E. Meyer,
and their union has been blessed with a charm-
ing little daughter. His handsome residence is
located at No. 745 West Washington street and
is the abode of comfort, refinement and happi-
ness. Among men Mr. Brick is a prominent
figure. He is a member of the Indiana and
Commercial Athletic Clubs and of the Masons
and Knights of Pythias orders. He is interest
ed in the South Bend Land Company, the In-
diana Street Railway Company and is in a
number of other enterprises or public and
private importance.

HON. MARVIN CAMPBELL.

Hon. Marvin Campbell, president of the
Folding Paper Box Company, of this city,
is a native of this state, and was born at Val-
paraiso, March 13, 1849. He is a son of Sam-
uel A. and Harriett (Cornell) Campbell, and
his father, who is still living at the age of
seventy-nine years, was a successful farmer.
Young Campbell was born and reared on a
farm, where he imbibed all those sturdy char-
acteristics that have made him a far-seeing
and successful business man. His early edu-

108

SOUTH BEND.

cation was obtained in the country schools,
and this was rounded out by a course at the
Valparaiso Male and Female College. In 1869
Mr. Campbell taught mathematics in the Val-
paraiso High School, and in 1870 he accepted
a similar position at the South Bend High
School, where he remained two years. He
gave up teaching in 1872 and engaged in the
hardware business, where he remained twelve
years. After disposing of his business he
became interested in the Mishawaka Woolen
Manufacturing Company, and is a director
and treasurer of that company at the present
time. In 1889 Mr. Campbell entered the em-
ploy of the Studebaker Bros. Manufacturing
Company as purchasing agent, which position
he held until 1893, when he was made man-

frequently heard at the public meetings of his
party, and his eloquence is a powerful factor
with the intelligent voter. His style of ad-
dress is brilliant, forceful and most convincing.
Mr. Campbell is one of the best-known busi-
ness men and most public-spirited citizens of
South Bend. He is a director of the South
Bend National Bank, president of the Board
of Trustees of the Epwoith Hospital and a
member of the Board of Trustees of the First
Methodist Episcopal Church. He was married
in 1874 to Miss Lydia A. Brownfield, a most
estimable lady, and a daughter of the late
Hon. John Brownfield. They have three chil-
dren, John B. Campbell, who is assistant cash-
ier of the South Bend National Bank and sec-
retary of the Folding Paper Box Company,
and Harriet and Rudolph Campbell. His hand-
some home is at No. 339 West Colfax avenue.

HON. MAKVIX CAMPBELL.

ager of the sales department. He retained
this until January 1, 1899, when he resigned
to devote his entire time to his present busi-
ness. In the sessions of 1883 and 18S5 Mr.
Campbell served in the State Senate as Sen-
ator from St. Joseph and Starke Counties,
with honor and credit. He is a forceful public
speaker and his addresses in the State Sen-
ate gave remarkable evidence of a thorough
knowledge of the legislative power, and strong
presentation of convincing facts. He has been
chosen as presiding officer at various conven-
tions, and his knowledge of parliamentary
law and impartial action invariably compelled
harmony of action and inspired general es-
teem. During the campaigns his voice is

DR. CHARLES A. DAUGHERTY.

Dr. Charles A. Daugherty lanks justly high
as a medical practitioner in this city. He is a
native of Ohio, and was born at Wooster, that
state, November z'i, 1850. His father, James
Daugherty, was a prominent citizen, and at one
time was Sheriff of St. Joseph County. When
fourteen years of age the parents of young
Daugherty removed to Madison Township, this
County, and the young man attended the high
school at Mishawaka, and the Literary College
at Hillsdale. Later he taught school for several
years in this vicinity. He then attended the
Bennett Medical College at Chicago and gradu-
ated in the class of 1873. He first located at
Lakeville, where he practiced his profession
tour years, after which he attended the Medical
College of Indiana at Indianapolis, and gradu-
ated from that institution in 1879. Dr. Daugh-
erty has kept pace with the onward trend or
medical science in all its branches. He studied
in Vienna, and attended the Polytechnic and
Post-Graduate Colleges of New York, and is
one of the most successful surgeons in the
state. Dr. Daugherty was president of the city
Board of Education for twelve years, and for
eight years was Pension Examiner for the
government. He was appointed District Sur-
geon for the Grand Trunk Railroad, local Sur-
geon for the Vandalia and Michigan Central
Railroads, and Chief Surgeon for the Indiana
Railroad Company. He is also the medical ex-
aminer for the Mutual Life, the New York Life,
the Equitable, the Mutual Benefit of New York,
the Prudential, the Connecticut Mutual, the
Penn Mutual, the National of Vermont, the
Aetna, the Massacnusetts Mutual, the Noith-
western of Milwaukee, and a number of other
leading life insurance companies. He is also

SOUTH BEND,

109

a member of the American Medical Associa-
tion, and the Indiana State, and St. Joseph
County Medical Societies. Since 1883 Dr.
Daugherty has been associated with Dr. Frank
M. Sawyer, and their practice comprises the
leading families in South Bend and the vicinity.
Dr. Daugherty is a member of the medical staff
of the Epworth Hospital and lectures on Sur-
gery before the Training School for Nurses.
He was married to Miss Julia Clay, of St. Jo-
seph County, and has two daughters, Maud C,
who is married to Mr. Frank Hoffman, of this
city, and Helen. His residence is at No. 730
West Washington street.

HON. ANDREW ANDERSON.

Mr. Andrew Anderson is the acknowledged
and honored Dean of the bar of St. Joseph
County. He is one of the ablest attorneys in
the west, and the connection of his name with

ANDBEW ANDERSON.

a case is at once an evidence of its importance
and a guarantee of a trial conducted upon the
highest plane of legal ethics. For over forty
years Mr. Anderson has been identified witii
every difficult case which has occupied the
courts in this judicial district, and he is the
leader at the bar in this locality. He is a
native of New York state and was born at
Whitehall, Washington County. October 6,
1830. His father, Andrew Anderson, was a
prominent druggist in that locality and the
young man had all the advantages of an ex-

cellent education. He attended Union College
at Schenectady, N. Y., and afterward took a
full course of law at the Law School in Albany
where he graduated in December, 1855. Like
himself most of his fellow graduates have at-
tained high reputations as legal practitioners.
As early as 1849 Mr. Anderson came to South
Bend but remained only a year when he return-
ed to his home in the east. In January, 1850,
however, he located here permanently, and
from that day to the present he has been an
indefatigable worker and has never lost a day
from active business. When the war broke out
he was the first man in South Bend to offer his
services to his country, and was elected Cap-
tain of Company I in the 9th Indiana Volun-
teers. After honorably serving out his term
of service he returned to this city and resumed
his practice. He is an orator of the highest
type and a forceful speaker both at the bar
and on the rostrum. In his earlier years his
services were much sought after in the political
campaigns, and he was one of the most popular,
eloquent and convincing speakers in the west.
While giving his time and talents to the ele-
vation of the candidate of his party to high and
responsible offices, Mr. Anderson could never be
induced to become a candidate himself, and the
only political position he ever held was in
the State Legislature in 1863. For ten years
he was associated with Judge Stanfield, and at
present he is associated with his son-in-law,
James DuShane and W. G. Crabill, with offices
in the new St. Joseph Bank Building. Mr.
Anderson is still as vigorous and active as a
young man. His ripened years have only added
to his store of valuable knowledge and long
experience and profound study have contribu-
ted to establish him as the most thoroughly
equipped attorney in this section of the state.
He was married to Miss Mary E. Chapin, a
daughter of Horatio Chapin, a pioneer in In-
diana. He has two daughters both of whom
are married. Mr. Anderson is a member of
Norman Eddy Post, G. A. R., and is one of
South Bend's most honored citizens, and for
twenty years has been attorney for the St.
Joseph County Savings Bank.

WILLIAM B. CALVERT.

Mr. William B. Calvert is one of the best
types of an active and energetic business man.
and is one of the leading real estate dealers and
owners in South Bend. Mr. Calvert was born
October 22, 1863, on a farm at the outskirts
of this city. His father, Joseph H. Calvert was
one of the earliest settlers in this locality,
and his grandfather secured the warrant for the
old homestead from the United States govern-

110

SOUTH BEND.

merit. After attending the public schools of
South Bend young Calvert took a business
course of study at Valparaiso, and after a
preparatory course at Oberlin College was sent

WILLIAM I!. C'ALVEKT.

to Cornell University in New York where he
entered the department of civil and electrical
engineering. In 1888 he returned home and hih
health being impaired he spent a year on his
father's farm. In 1S89 he engaged in the manu-
lacture of a patent straw stacker, and in 1894,
realizing the opportunities for real estate in-
vestments in South Bend, he decided to engage
in that vocation, and has successfully contin-
ued it. He was the chief factor and promoter
in the sale of Arnold's first and second addi-
tions to South Bend and Orchard Heights. He
is the owner of Roseland Park, a beautiful sub-
division in the southern part of the city, which
is a model tract, and already improved with
many handsome residences, and is in popular
demand. Mr. Calvert is happily married and
has a family of two bright boys. His wife was
Miss Ella S. Simcox. of South Bend, and he has
a handsome home at No. 1012 West Colfax ave-
nue. When the war broke out with Spain Mr.
Calvert, as a result of his military training at
Cornell, was active m the formation of a regi-
ment of volunteers. He was elected Captain of
a company and afterwards was made Major of
the regiment, but it was not called into ser-
vice and was finally disbanded. Mr. Calvert
is a director of the Security Life Insurance
Company of Indiana and is a prominent mem-
ber of several fraternal organizations, among

them the Odd Fellows, the Woodmen, the North
American Union, the Red Men, and the Samari-
tans. He is a public spirited citizen and has
done much to extend and advance the best in-
terests of South Bend.

JOHN C. KNOBLOCK.
Mr. John C. Knoblock is one of the pronii-
rent citizens of South Bend, and has been for
many years interested in its growth and ad-
vancement. He :s a native of Canton. Ohio,
and is a son of Frederick Knoblock, who was
an Alsatian by biith, ana an experienced
weaver, who came to America in 1828. In
1843 the family removed to Indiana and located
on a farm in Marshall County. Mr. Knoblock
attended the common schools in Canton and
South Bend, and afterward was engaged in
the milling business with A. R. and J. H.
Harper. He was then engaged as a clerk in
the grocery house of Michael DeCamp, and
later engaged in that business himself, under
the name of J. C. Knoblock & Co. For twenty-
nine years he was in successful business, and
his store at No. 62 West Washington street
was the leading grocery house in the city. In
1882 Mr. Knoblock retired from active business
and devoted himself to his various enterprises.
He was largely interested in the South Bend

JOHN C. KNOBLOCK.

Chilled Plow Company, but withdrew from it
in 1890. He is the president of the Miller-
Knoblock Electrical Company, manufacturers
of electrical appliances of every variety, and

SOUTH BEND,

111

which is destined to he one of the most im-
portant industries in the city. He is also inter-
ested in the Knoblock-Ginz Milling Company,
manufacturers of the famous "White Rose"
flour. He is treasuier of the St. Joseph
County Savings Bank, and was one of its
original charter members, but two of whom are
living. He is a charter member and stock-
holder of the Citizens National Bank. He was
always a man of progressive ideas. In 1S65
he started the first delivery wagon in this city
and employed the fiist cash girl in South
Bend. He had the first gas pipes in his resi-
dence, and had to send to Laporte for men to
do the work. He was the pioneer in building
his store without shutters and the first to ex
cavate under the sidewalk and utilize this
valuable space. He put down the first drive
well in South Bend, and laid the first stone
gutter in front of his store. For four years
he served as County Commissioner, and was
a most efficient othcial. For twenty-two years
prior to the organization of the City Fire De-
partment he served as a volunteer fireman,
and on all occasions was enthusiastic in saving
lives and property. He is also president of
the DisDrow Liquor Cure, which has done so
much to cure and reform hundreds who were
the victims of the alcohol habit. Mr. Knob-
lock has at all times been one of the most
public-spirited of citizens, and has contributed
largely to every, movement that was made for
the best interests of the city and her people.
He is an excellent linguist, and has traveled
extensively in this country and Europe. He
was married to Miss Lizetta Meyer, who passed
from this earthly sphere on October 13, 1897.
and has two children living. His son. Otto
M. Knoblock, is secretary of the Miller-Knob-
lock Electrical Company, and his daughter is
the wife of George W. Reynolds, who is en-
gaged in the livery business. Mr. Knoblock
is an ideal citizen, a practical business man in
the highest sense of the term, and enjoys the
esteem of the entire community. He resides
in a handsome home at the southeast corner
of Lafayette street and Colfax avenue, where
he has lived for thirty-two years.

WILLIAM MACK.

Mr. William Mack, one of the oldest and
most highly esteemed citizens of South Bend,
has been a prominent factor in its material
growth for more than half a century. He was
born in Hanover, Chautauqua County, New
York, October 9, 1S2S. He is the son of John
and Clarissa (Hanford) Mack, who were well
known in that community. He attended the

Academy at Fredonia, New York, and in 1844
his parents removed to this city, where his
father was engaged in various occupations. He
attended the public schools here, and then
learned the trade of a stone, brick and plaster
mason. He was afterward engaged in the con-
tracting business, and erected, with others,
the old Court House, the Odd mellows' Block
and many other handsome buildings and resi-
dences. He built the first sewer that was con-
structed in South Bend, from Lafayette street
to the race, in 1860. In 1864 he went with the

<*4

WILLIAM MACK.

Studebaker Bros, as cashier, and remained
there until 1895, when he retired from active
business, still retaining an interest in the com-
pany. During the last few years he was au-
ditor of the company. He is a public-spirited
citizen, and held the office of trustee under the
old corporation, was a commissioner two terms,
and also served as city treasurer. He was a
member of the Board of Police Commissioners
for four years. Mr. Mack is a member of the
Commercial-Athletic Club, and is also frater-
nally connected with the Masons and Knights
Templar in this city. He was married to Miss
Laurette L. Thurber, a native of Laporte Coun-
ty, who died March 2. 1900, leaving two sons,
William H. and Walter E. Mr. Mack resides
at No. 504 North Main street.

112

SOUTH BEND

JAMES IT. LOUGHMAN.

Mr. James H. Loughnian, senior member of
the firm of Loughman, Hubbard & Loughman,
proprietors of the transfer line here and deal-
ers in coal and wood, with offices at No. 817

taking business, under the style of Barnhart
& Loughman. In 1876 he came to South Bend
with the Lake Shore, and two years later en-
gaged in the transfer business, at which he
has continued, and later added the wood and
coal business, under the present style of firm.
Mr. Loughman is a business man of the highest
standing and prominence, and is wall known
as a progressive and public-spirited citizen. He
is prominent in social and fraternal life here.
He was married in 186S to Miss Abbie Cook,
and resides at No. 725 South Michigan street.

HENRY C. DRESDEN.

Mr. Henry C. Dresden, senior member of
the firm of Dresden & Stanfield, dealers in
lumber, lath and shingles, at No. 407 Laurel
street, is a native of this state, and was born
at Michigan City. December 26. 1849. He was
the son of Samuel Dresden and Mary (Rexford)
Dresden. Young Dresden was educated in the
public schools of his native city, and when he
had completed his education entered the em-
ployment of the American Express Company,
where he remained three years. In 1875 he
started in the lumber business in the employ
of the Cutler & Savidge Lumber Company,

JAMBS II. LOUGHMAN.

South Main street, is a native of the Buckeye
State. He was born in Licking County. Ohio,
October 20, 1845, and is a son of David Lough-
man and Elizabeth (Martin) Loughman. His
father was a successful farmer, and he was
born on the home farm, and was educated in
the common schools. When the war broke out
young Loughman was anxious to go to the
front, and in 1864 he enlisted in Company B.
One Hundred and Thirty-fifth Ohio Volunteer
Infantry and went to the front. In the famous
battle of North Mountain, in West Virginia.
Mr. Loughman was made a prisoner by the
forces under General JuDal A. Early, and was
sent to Andersonville Prison, where he was
confined for nearly a year, suffering every pri-
vation and indignity that the cruelty of the
rebel commander of that prison could devise,
and which resulted in the death of thousands
of patriot soldiers. After his release he was
discharged at Jacksonville, Florida, in 1S65,
and came to Mishawaka, where he found em-
ployment in the George Milburn Wagon Fac-
tory, where he remained three years. He then
went with the Lake Shore and Michigan South-
ern Railroad, where he remained one year. In
1873 he started in the transfer business at
Mishawaka, and a year later added the under-

IIENRY C. DRESDEN.

where he remained thirteen years, when he
came to South Bend, and with Mr. H. S. Stan-
field, organized the firm of Dresden & Stan-
field, which is still in successful operation, and

SOUTH BEND.

113

is one of the extensive enterprises of the city.
The office and yards of the firm are conven-
iently located at the corner of Division and
Laurel streets, on the line of the Grand Trunk
Railroad, affording every faculty for handling
the large business. Mr. Dresden is a business
man of high standing, and a thoioughly public
spirited citizen. He was married in 1874 to
Miss Emma Goodwin, and resides at No. 121
Chapin street.

HON. ALBERT M. BURNS.

Hon. Albert Minis Burns, a member of the
State Legislature from St. Joseph County, was
born at Clarion, Clarion County, Pennsylvania,
November 24, 184^. He comes of Scotch-Iristi
ancestry, his father, Thomas Burns, who was
a contractor and builder, having been born In
Scotland, and his mother, Catherine (Deary)
Burns, having been born in Eiin. When the
present Senator was a boy but six years of
age, his parents moved to Platteville. Wisconsin,
and it was here that he was educated. He
attended the public schoo's until he had passed
his thirteenth year, at which time the civil
war broke out. Young tiurns, yet a boy in
knickerbockers, decided to go to the front, and
two months before he reached the age of four-
teen he enlisted as a drummer boy in Company
I, Tenth Wisconsin Infantry. His regiment left
Milwaukee and went to Louisv lie, Kentucky,
where it joined O. M. Mitchell's division, ana
saw active and hard service through Kentucky,
Tennessee and Alabama. Mr. Burns partici-
pated in the Huntsville raid, his regiment pre-
venting reinforcements for Shiloh. After th's
service he was engaged in guarding the
Bridges along the M. & C. Railway. In 1862
his regiment was assigned to the Fourteenth
Army Corps, Depaitment of the Cumberland,
under General Thomas. Mr. Burns found ac-
tive service, following General Bragg In the
Kentucky raids, from Louisville through East-
ern Kentucky to Perrysville. where his regi-
ment took part in that terrible fight, being in
constant action and suffering heavy losses. He
next fought in the battles of Stone River,
Chattanooga and Chickamauga. On Sunday aft-
ernoon, September 20, 186c>, in the latter battle,
he was wounded severely, and lay four weeks
in the hospital. Recovering, he hurried to join
his regiment and took part for four months in
the Atlanta campaign under General Sherman.
Reaching Atlanta with Sherman, the term of
service of his regiment expired, and it was
ordered home, and he was discharged at Mad-
ison. Wisconsin. He then returned to Platte-
ville, where he remained three months, when
he reenlisted in Company K, Forty-fourth

Wisconsin Infantry, and was ordered to Nash-
ville. He saw hard service through Tennessee
and Kentucky until the close of the war, when
he was discharged and returned to Madison.
Here Governor Lewis, because of gallant serv-
ices, and because he was the youngest soldier
with the longest service from the state, bre-
veted him as Captain. Senator Burns then
returned to Platteville, where he entered the
State Normal School to fit himself for a teach-
er. Here he graduated with high honors in
1S66. Captain Burns then learned the carriage
and ornamental painters' trade, and moved to
Beaver Dam, Wisconsin. In 1S81 he came to
south Bend and entereu the employ of the
Studebaker Bros. Manufacturing Company,

HON. ALBEKT II. BURNS.

where he remained seven years, when he went
into business for himself and remained two
years, rn 1890 he entered the employ of the
Sandage Steel Skein Company as a clerk, and
advanced until he reached the position of gen-
eral superintendent, wnich position he now
holds. Senator Burns is a type of a reliant,
progressive, self-made man. With a careful
education, clear conception and a determina-
tion to advance, he is a logical leader. Since
ne same to this city he has been a prudent
and clear judgment have made him revered by
and clear judgment has made him revered by
the men who toil, as well as employers. He
was treasurer of the Central Labor Union here
for four years. Since 1S60 Mr. Burns has been
a Republican in politics. As a boy he was

114

SOUTH BEND,

captain of the Junior Wide Awake Club of
Platteville. and participated in the Lincoln cam-
paign. In 1894 Senator Burns was an unsuc-
cessful candidate for the nomination for State
Senator. In 1S98 he was again a candidate,
was nominated and elected by a vote that
proved his popularity in labor and other circles.
He has served two years of the four to which
he was elected, and his puolic record is un-
stained. He is one ot the most active and
forceful men in the Senate Chamber. His ac-
tivity is shown when it is known that a law
had to be passed to consolidate the charters
of the various street railways in South Bend
in order 10 enable the company to issue suffi-
cient bonds for extensions and improvements.
The matter was presented to Senator Burns
late in the session. He prepared a bill, and
the constitutional rule was suspended by his
colleagues, the bill was passed and the Gov-
ernor signed it, making it a law. This unusual
proceeding shows in what regard Senator
Burns is held by his colleagues. Senator
Burns is a public speaker who commands at-
tention ana presents most convincing argu-
ments. With a carefully modulated and trained
voice, he ranks among the foremost as an ora-
tor and speaker, and his services are always
in demand and given in national and state
campaigns. Since the close of the war Senator
Burns uas been connected witn the G. A. R.,
and filled the position of Adjutant General of
the order in Wisconsin. Senator Burns was
married in 1870 to Miss Bessie L. Whitaker, a
native of Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, and, with
his estimable wife and family of four children,
resides at No. 131 Paris street.

in this line. In 18S7. with Mr. Barney C.
Smith, the firm of Smith & Jackson was or-
ganized and started in business. The firm has
one of the largest retail yards in the city The
plant comprises yards, office, sheds, factory and
a large planing mill equipped with steam power
and modern machinery- The firm deals in lum-

C'HARLES 11. JACKSON.

ber. lath, shingles, sash, doors, blinds and all
kinds of builders' mill work and lumber. Mr.
Jackson is a business man of high standing
and prominence and is widely known. He is
a member of the Elks and is popular in social
life and highly esteemed.

CHARLES H. JACKSON.

Mr. Charles H. Jackson, a member of the
firm of Smith & Jackson, dealers in lumber,
etc., No. 609 Michigan Avenue, is a native of
the Hoosier state and was born in Union Town-
ship, St. Joseph County, February 1. 1867. Mr.
Jackson is a son of Mr. Newton Jackson, a
well known lumber dealer and saw mill owner,
who is highly esteemed here as a business
man and citizen, and Caroline (Deppeni
Jackson. When he was but four years of
age his parents removed to a farm near Go-
shen, where they lived about two years
and then moved to Mishawaka. In 1S75 the
family came to South Bend. Young Jackson
was educated in the schools of Mishawaka.
and this city, and when he had completed his
education he engaged in the lumber business
with his father and has always been engaged

HOWARD S. STANFIELD.

Mr. Howard S. Stanfieid, of the well-known
firm of Dresden & Stanfieid, is a native of South
Bend, and one of its most honored citizens and
business men. He was born in this city, April
17. 1846. He is the son of Judge Thomas S.
Stanfieid and Nancy (Peebles) Stanfieid. Mr.
Stanfieid was educated in the public schools
of this city, and in 1864, in company with a
number of local friends, crossed the plains to
California in a wagon drawn by a mule team,
a journey which occupied five months. He
stopped at Marysville, California, for a short
time, and then went to San Francisco, from
which city he returned east to New York by
steamship, by way of the Isthmus of Panama.
He left on April 14, 1865, the day on which

SOUTH BEND.

115

President Lincoln was assassinated, but did
not hear of this national calamity until the
reached Panama. On arriving in New York
they found the city in mourning, and every
indication of general sorrow and distress. He
returned to South Bend and for two years was
engaged in the dry goods business with John
Dunn and Horace Van Tuye, under the firm
name of Dunn & Co., and then sold out his in-
terest to his partners. In 1869 he established
himself in the lumber business at Main and
Division streets, and in 18S3 he sold out to the
Cutler & Savidge Lumber Company, with Mr.
H. C. Dresden, his present associate, as man-
ager. In 1887 the present firm of Dresden &
Stanfield succeeded the company and has been

HOWARD s. STANFIELD.

engaged in active business since. The firm
deals in lumber, lath, shingles, sash, doors,
blinds and builders' supplies, and its business
is local and through the surrounding country.
The yards are at Division and Laurel streets,
on the Grand Trunk Railway. Mr. Stanfield
is an honorable, progressive and successful
mei chant, and is a gentleman who has won
the esteem of the community in which he re-
sides. He was married in 1870 to Miss Flora
L. Turner, a South Bend lady, and resides in
a pleasant home, on the same lot where he
was born, at No. 311 west Washington street.
He is a member of the Commercial-Athletic
Club, and takes a deep interest in all that con-
serves the best interests of the city of his
birth.

FREDERICK H. BADET.

Mr. Frederick H. Badet, secretary and treas-
urer of the South Bend Toy Company, the
largest manufacturing enterprise of its special
kind in the world, is a native of the Nutmeg
State, having been born in New London, Con-
necticut, August 30, 1848. Mr. Badet was a son
of Henry S. and Elizabeth H. Badet, his father
having been engaged in the grocery business
in his native city. Mr. Badet was educated
in the public and high schools at New London,
and when he was twenty-five years of age
came to South Bend, where he has since re-
sided and been engaged in active and success-
ful business. When he first came heie he
engaged as a clerk for John C. Knob'.ock,
where he continued until 1874, when he en-
tered into partnership with Mr. John W. Teel
in the manufacture of toys, under the style of
Teel & Badet. Gradually the business grew
and expanded until in 1883 the South Bend Toy
Company was organized and incorporated with
Mr. Teel as president ana Mr. Badet as secre-
tary and treasurer, which positions he now
fills. Mr. Badet is a business man of con-
servative and yet energetic methods, and is a
public-spirited citizen. He was married in
1876 to Miss Harriet Spencer, of New London,
Connecticut.

IRVING A. SIBLEY.

Mr. Irving A. Sibley, president of the Mal-
leable Steel Range Manufacturing Company,
and dealer in hardware, is a native of the
Empire State, and was born at Collins, Erie
County, June 27, 1852. He was a son of Dr.
William A. Sibley and Margery Jane Churchill.
When but eight years of age his father died,
and two years later the boy went to Boston, a
village near Buffalo, where he resided with
his grandparents for three years. Young
Sibley received his education in the district
schools at Collins and Boston, and attended
school one year in the City of Buffalo. When
fourteen years of age he began his actual career
as a shoe salesman in a Buffalo store, and
at the age of seventeen started on the road
selling goods for a Buffalo house. In No-
vember, 1871, Mr. Sibley engaged in the manu-
facture of shirts at Buffalo, where he built
up a large and successful business. January
1, 1875, he engaged with the wholesale boot
and shoe house of C. M. Henderson & Co.,
of Chicago, as a traveling salesman, and for
ten years toured through Minnesota and Da-
kota. In 1882 be bought a three-quarter inter-
est in the Deuel County Bank, at Gary, South
Dakota, and three years later sold his in-
terest in the bank, resigned as a traveling sales-

116

SOUTH BEND.

man and came to South Bend and purchased
the hardware business of France & Gish,
which he still conducts, and which has grown
largely under his able direction. The premises

T^r

IRVINc; A Mlil.KY.

occupied are a large double store and three-
story building, the stock including everything
in the line of light and heavy hardware,
cutlery, stoves, ranges, tools, etc. Mr. Sibley
is one of our most progressive and active
business men and enterprising citizens. He
was one of the organizers and first vice presi-
dent of the Citizens National Bank. Janu-
ary 1, 1899, the Malleable Steel Range Manu-
facturing Company of this city was organized,
with Mr. Sibley as presilent. He is a gentle-
man of the highest standing and integrity, and
is widely known. Mr. Sibley was married in
1872 at Buffalo, New York, to Miss Cora E.
Curtis, of that city, and resides in a handsome
home at No. 1018 East Jefferson street.

EMANUEL R. WILLS

Among the prominent citizens of South Bend
who have ably and honorably fulfilled the
duties of public positions of responsibility and
trust is Mr. Emanuel R. Wills, who for more
than a third of a century has been an es-
teemed resident and business man of this city.
Mr. Wills is a native of Pennsylvania, and was
born in York County, of that state. October i,
1840. He is the son of Lewis Wills and Mag-
deline (Fleshman) Wills, both of whom were

well known in that section of the Keystone
state. Mr. Wills was educated in Pennsyl-
vania, and for a time he assisted his father
on the farm. Of a naturally modest and retir-
ing disposition, Mr. Wills nevertheless was
ambitious to succeed in life, and believing that
the west offered a wider field of endeavor than
those of his native state, he came to South
Bend in 1S65 where he engaged himself as a
clerk in a dry goods store. Later he embarked
in the grocery business on his own account, but
after about five years' experience in that line,
he returned to the dry goods business which he
found more congenial. In 1882 his name w:\s
mentioned in connection with the City treasur-
ership. and without any solicitation on his part
he was elected to that reponsible office. He
ably fulfilled the duties of the position for two
years, and in 1884 was named as a candidate
for County Treasui er of St. Joseph County and
elected. Again he demonstrated his marked
abilities as a fiduciary official, and on the ex-
piration of his first term was elected to suc-
ceed himself, an honor rarely accorded to any
public official. In every respect Mr. Wills jus-
tified the esteem and favor of his fellow citi-
zens, and his conduct of the office was in the
highest degree most honorable and courteous.
In 1891 he was selected as County Assessor,
and brought to that office the high degree of

EMANUEL H. WILLS.

business honor and equitable dealing which has
marked his incumbency of other political posi-
tions. Mr. Wills is now engaged in the insur-
ance business and is very popular in the com-

SOUTH BEND

117

munity. He is a gentleman of high business
probity and honor and has won hosts of friends
in this city He was married in 1874 to Miss
Margaret Coquillard, a daughter of Benjamin
and Sophia Coquillard, of this city, and has a
family of four children, two boys, Leo J. and
Edmund A., and two daughters, Florentine M.
and Adele M. Wills. Mr. Wills' residence is
located at No. 128 South Taylor street.

J. Q. C. VAN DEN BOSCH.
For more than half a century Mr. James Q.
C. van den Bosch has been an honored resident
of South Bend, and has been prominently iden-
tified w.th its material growth and advance-
ment. He is now in his seventy-seventh year
and still enjoys most excellent health and
vigor. Mr. van den Bosch is a native of Hol-
land, and was born October 17, 1824. He is the
son of iman Walter Jacob van den Bosch and
Cornellia Adriana (.Kakebeeke) van den Bosch.
His father was an extensive landed proprietor
in his native country and was the owner of
nearly 4,000 acres of valuable farming land
which was known as the "Wilhelmina Embank-
ment" He was a scientific agriculturist and
rendered distinguished service to his country,
both in a civil capacity and as a military offi-
cer in the Belgian Revolution, andj other his-
toric events in Holland He was the recipient
of a number of medals of honor for his dis-
tinguished services, and these decorations are
highly prized by his son, who now possesses
them. Mr. van den Bosch was educated in the
Moravian College at Lauzanne, and alter his
graduation spent nearly three years on his fa-
ther's estate engaged in agricultural manage-
ment. In 1848 he came to America, and for
nearly two yeais was engaged in the hardware
business in Buffalo, N. Y. In 1849 he came to
South Bend, which then had a population of
only about 1,200. Here he was engaged with
Leonard Harris in the general store located at
the southeast corner of Michigan and Washing-
ton streets. After a short time he went to Green
Bay to assist in the formation of a Moravian
settlement on a large tract of land, once owned
by John Jacob Astor, where he remained ono
year, and in 1852 he journeyed to California
and Oregon. He first settled in Douglas
County, Oregon, and here remained ten years
engaged in mining and fighting hostile Indians.
and his estimable wife taught the first school
in Southern Oregon. He then went to central
Nevada prospecting for silver which he dis-
covered in large deposits, and after three years
disposed of his properties to the Manhattan
Silver Mining Company, which is still working
the mines which have proved exceptionally

rich and valuable. In 1865 Mr. van den Bosch
was afflicted with quicksilver poisoning and he
retired from business and with his family made
an extended tour of Europe and visited his na-
tive land. On his return he settled in St. Jo-
seph County, and for several years, in connec-
tion with his son, John Walter, who died in
1898, was engaged in several manufacturing in-
dustries in South Bend and Mishawaka, among
which was the Bissell Chilled Plow Company
and the Roper Furniture Manufacturing Com-
pany. He is the owner of valuable real estate
in South Bend, and of several extensive farms
in this county, known as "Nutwood," and still
takes an active interest in the management of
his affairs. In 1851 Mr. van den Bosch was
married to Miss Mary Jane Smith, a native of

J. Q. C. VAN DEN BOSCH.

Lynchburg, Va., and a daughter of the late Col.
John Smith, who was one of the oldest settlers
in St. Joseph County. His family consists of
three daughters, Mrs. Sarah Beiger, wife of
Henry Beiger of Mishawaka; Mrs. Alice Stude-
baker, wife of Clem W. Studebaker and Miss
Cornelia Adriana van den Bosch who resides at
home. Mr. van den Bosch was a skilled engi-
neer and chemist and studied metallurgy, geol-
ogy, analytical chemistry and kindred sciences,
both at Lauzanne and ai Clausthal, in Saxony.
He was always a man of progressive ideas, of
tireless energy and high honor, and in the even-
ing of his life he is in the enjoyment of a
competence and the regard and esteem of his
friends and the community. He also bears the

118

SOUTH BEND

proud distinction of being a great grandfather.
With his esteemed wife and daughter he resides
at No. 529 West Washington street.

JOSEPH H. HIBBERD.

Mr. Joseph H. Hibberd. now retired iron
active business, is an honored citizen of South
Bend and is well known in this community
Mr. Hibberd is a native of New York State, and

handsome home at No. 509 West Washington
street, and has resided there ever since. Mr.
Hibberd was married November 1, 1854, in
Syracuse, N. Y., to Miss Helen A. Baldwin, of
Indiana, and who was reared in the Onondaga
Valley, in New York, who died in South Bend,
January 1, 1901. His family consists of three
children, Mi. John A. Hibberd, a prominent at-
torney of this city; Mr. Charles B. Hibberd, the
well-known printer, and Mrs. Grace Hill, wife of
Fred. C. Hill, a prominent attorney of Owego.
N. Y. Mr. Hibberd is in the enjoyment of
vigorous health and takes a deep interest in
public affairs.

JOSEPH II. HlIiBEKD.

was born in the Onondaga Valley. January 19,
1827. He is the son of Cyprian Hibberd, a well-
known contractor, who came from Hebron,
Connecticut, to New Yo.k in 1802, and Char-
lotte (Hurd) Hibberd. Mr. Hibberd's boyhood
was passed on the farm, and he attended the
famous Academy at Onondaga. After working
on the farm for a short time, he followed the
sea for three years, and made several whaling
voyages fraught with exciting experiences and
dangers. He sailed the Pacific Ocean and the
Behring Sea, and made a trip around the woild.
In 1852 he went to California and spent two
years in mining, and in the teaming business in
Marysville. He then returned to his home in
New York on account of ill health, and in 1807
he removed to South Bend, where his sister, the
late Mrs. Mary E. Hibberd Adams, resided,
and here he decided to remain. He bought the
property at Chapin and Washington streets m
1S82 where Mr. Joseph D. Ol ver's handsome
residence now stands, and lived there about
eleven years. In 1895 he erected his present

R. H. MURDOCK.

Among the leading citizens of South Bend,
and one who was for years prominently identi-
fied with the commercial advancement of this
city, must be mentioned the name of Mr. Raw-
son H. Murdock, whose lamented death occurred
on October 14, 1S9S. Mr. Murdock was a native
of New York, and was born in Yates County,
of that state, in 1817. He attended the schools
in the vicinity until he was sixteen years of
age, when he engaged in the hardware business
in which he remained for several years. He
then embarked in the banking business at

11.CH. Ml'liDOIE.

Lyons, N. Y., with Mr. S. B. Gavitt, a promi-
nent banker of that city. Mr. Murdock and
Mr. Gavitt also erected the gas works in Lyons
and conducted its affairs for many years. Mr.

SOUTH BEND.

119

Murdoch was engaged In the banking business
in Lyons for seventeen years, when he removed
to Clinton, Iowa, whei e he conducted the same
business and that of the Clinton Lumber Com-
pany, until 1877. During that year he came to
South Bend and estaDlished himself in the hard-
ware business in this city. For twenty years
he was a prominent mercnant in his line of
business, and won a high and honorable repu-
tation in the community. He was one of the
most charitable of men, and during his life
was endeared to a large circle of friends, and
nis life was one of usefulness and high en-
deavor. He was for years a leading member
of the First Presbyterian church of this city.
On January 24, 1845, Mr. Murdock was married
to Miss Eliza A. Weich, a daughter of the Rev.
B. T. Welch, of Rushviile, N. Y., and this esti-
mable lady was a most devoted wife and moth-
er, until death claimed her, on September 24,
1898, but a few weeks before her husband was
called from the caies of earth. Mrs. Murdock's
life was devoted to the care of her household,
and to numerous and unremitting acts cf kind-
ness and benevoience to those whose lives
were clouded by sorrow and adversity. She
was the organizer and a warm supporter of the
Orphans' Home at Mishawaka, and for years
was the director of tne Ladies' Relief Society
of this city. Mrs. Murdock was always promi-
nent in church work and, like her husband
was a member of the Fast Presbyterian church.
Her mission in life seemed to be to cheer, ana
sympathize with the afflicted and to imbue
with brighter hopes and nobler inspirations all
who came within the sphere of her beneficial
influence. Mr. and Mrs. Murdock left three
children surviving them, Mr. Charles H. Mur-
dock and Mrs. John Layton, of this city, and
Mrs. L. H. Sanford, of Mount Vernon, N. Y.

cabinet making. In 1S32 he was married to
Miss Lucinda Welch, and in 1835 the young
couple located in South Bend. His first home
was a log house on St. Joseph street, and here
he commenced business by making bedsteads.
He was successful and soon purchased a lot
on Lafayette street, and erected a home which
is still standing. He next purchased a lot on
North Michigan street and built a store and
shop, and started in the furniture and under-
taking business. Mr. Price was a genial gentle-
man and always interested in the growth oi'
the city. He was one of the earliest members
of South Bend Lodge, No. 29. I. 0. 0. F., and it

BENJAMIN F. PRICE, SR.
Mr. Benjamin F. Price, Sr., whose death oc-
curred on October 16, 1S87, was one of the ven-
erable and venerated citizens of South Bend,
whose earthly departure was a source of gen-
eral sorrow and regret. For over half a cen-
tury Mr. Price was identified with the growth
and development of this city, as a business
man and public spirited citizen, and he was
warmly esteemed by hosts of friends. He
died at the age of eighty years after a life of
activity, usefulness and honor. Mr. Price was
a native of Virginia and was born near the
historic city of Winchester, September 30, 1807.
When he was quite young his paients removed
to Pennsylvania and located near Uniontown,
and here he was apprenticed to the trade of

B. P. PBIC'E, SR.

is to him and Mr. C. W. Martin that the
fraternity of this city is indebted for the hand-
some Odd Fellows building at Main and Wash-
ington sti eets. His wife died May 6, 1859. She
was the mother of seven children. His oldest
son. Capt. C. W. Price, was killed by accident
during the war of the rebellion. Mrs. Sarah
Hart, a daughter, is now living; John Price and
a daughter who became Mrs. Lizzie Miles are
now deceased; Mrs. Clara Leib, another daugh-
ter, is now living, and Benjamin F. Price, a
son, is now a successful undertaker in this city.
The youngest son, Eddie, died when quite
young. Mr. Price's death was mourned by
a large circle of friends to whom he was en-
deared by years of association and compan-
ionship He had lived a life of honor crowned

120

SOUTH BEND.

with, success, and his declining years were
passed amid the love of his children and grand-
children and the warm esteem of the entire
community.

CHARLES ARTHUR CARLISLE.

Mr. cnanes Arthur Carlisle, who is a direc-
tor and purchasing agent of ihe Studeoaker
Bros. Manufacturing Company of this city, has
been connected with tne company tor several
years and is well and prominently known in
this community. Mr. cariisie is a native of
Uhio, and comes 01 a long une ot honorable
Scotch-Irish ancestry. He is the son of
.ueade Woodson Clay CaniSie and crania Vale-
ria (.Ban j canisie, and was boin at Chiui-
cothe, 0., May 4, 1864. His father was born in
the same city October 2t>, 1S2S, and his mother
was a native of Wiimingion, Del. His father
was extensively engaged in the lumber busi-
ness and owned large tracts of land in that sec-
tion of the state. Dunng tne Rebellion he was
an officer of the 31st Ohio Volunteer Infantry,
and honorably served during that historic
struggle. He afterward engaged in commercial
pursuits. He is still living, and with his esti-
mable wife now resides at Evanston, 111. Mr.
Carlisle's great grandfatner, Andrew Carlisle,
was a native of the County l yrone, Ire, and. He
came to America in li81 and first located in
Pennsylvania, but in 1789 he removed to Chili-
cothe, O., then the capital of the state, and an
impoitant Ind.an trading post. Here he resided
until 1821, when he and his wife both died. His
grandfather was John Carlisle, Br., a christian
and public spirited gentleman who was an inti-
mate friend of Henry Clay and General Wilian
H. Harrison. He also resided in Chilicothe,
and diea there July 19, 1847. Mr. Charles Ar-
thur Carlisle received his early education un-
der private tutors and in 1SS3 entered the ser-
vice of the Marietta & Cincinnati Railway.
He remained here one year and then devoted
himself to journalism on the Ohio State Jour-
nal for a year, and from 1885 to 1S88 occupied
several responsible positions with the Nickel
Plate Hailroad. In 1888 he connected himself
with the Toledo & Ohio Central Railway, as
private secretary and general manager, and
was located at Toledo, O. He was afterward
private secretary and purchasing agent of the
same road. From 1890 to 1891 he was the pur-
chasing agent of the Toledo & Ohio Central, and
Toledo, Columbus & Cincinnati Railways, and
from 1S91 to 1892 he was the purchasing agent
of the Burke system, which comprised the two
above named roads and the Kanawha «fc Michi-
gan railways. In 1892 he came to South Bend
and from that date to tne present has been the

assistant general manager and purchasing
agent of the Chicago & South Bend railroad,
and its treasurer since February 1, 1893. Mr.
Carlisle has been connected with the Studebaker
Bros. Manufacturing Company since 1892, and
has proven a most valuable, progressive and
energetic official. He is a member of the direc-
tory, the purchasing agent, and chairman of
the advertising and traffic committee of the
company, which in addition to the mammoth
plant in this city has established branches in
New York, Chicago. Kansas City, Springfield,
Mo., Salt Lake City, Duluth, San Francisco
and Portland, Oregon. He is also secretary of

CHABLES AKTHl'Il CARLISLE,

the South Bend Fuel and Gas Company, ami
was the vice president of the National Real
Estate Association of America. He is the sec-
retary of the Scotch-Irish Society of America
for the state of Indiana, a member of the exec-
utive committee of the National Carriage
Builders' Association, and the Indiana Manu-
facturers' Association. Among the social or-
ganizations of which he is a member are the
Sphinx Club of New York; the Columbia Club,
of Indianapolis; the Chicago Athletic Club; the
Indiana Club of this city, and he is president
of the Country Ciub of the St. Joseph Valley.
He was a member of Governor Mount's staff,
with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel, and is an
active official member of the Milburn Memorial
M. E. church of this city. Mr. Carlisle was
married September 17, 1891, to Miss Anna Stu-
debaker, only daughter of Hon. and Mrs. Clem

SO U T H BEND

121

Studebaker, one of the founders and the presi-
dent of the Studebaker Bros. Manufacturing
Company. Mrs. Carlisle is a lady of wide cul-
ture and refinement, and their family consists
of four charming and interesting children,
Annie, Charles Arthur Jr., Kathryn and Wood-
son Studebaker. His beautiful and luxurious
home is located on South Taylor street, and he
has collected one of the most extensive and
best selected libraries owned by a private in-
dividual. Mr. Carlisle and his estimable wife
are most popular in social circles in this and
other cities, and devote themselves largely to
works of benevolence and charity. Among the
treasures of his home are numerous testimoni-
als, records, and other memorials bearing tri-
bute to the deeds and accomplishments of his
ancestors. Personally Mr. Carlisle is a thoro-
ughly progressive American, who has won
hosts of warm friends, and enjoys the esteem
of the entire community.

JAMES DU SHANE.

Mr James Du Shane, of the prominent law
firm of Anderson, Du Shane & Crabill, is a
successful practitioner at the local bar, and is
a patent solicitor of rare ability and high repu-
tation. He is a native of Pittsburg, Pa., and
was born in that city Sepcemoer 22, 1847. His
father, Samuel P. Du Shane, was a well known
business man in Pittsburg, and Brownsville,
Pa., and the young man received his early edu
cation in the public schools of that section of
the Keystone state, and at the Academy at
Canaan, Ohio. He afterward attended the Uni-
versity of Michigan, and graduated from the
literary department of that institution in 1869.
He came to South Bend in 1872 and assumed
the position of assistant in the nigh school and
was afterwards principal of the school from
1875 to 1878. In 1879 he was appointed superin-
tendent of schools and served in that responsi-
ble position until 1891, a period of twelve years.
Mr. Du Shane has been connected with the pub-
lic schools of South Bend for twenty-one years,
and helped largely to develop the cause of edu-
cation and laid the foundation for the excellent
systems and high standing of the South Bend
public schools of the present day. During this
time he studied law in the office of Mr. Andrew
Anderson and was admitted to practice in 189:!
He is an able patent attorney and confines his
practice to that branch of the law, and is an
authority on all matters pertaining to the law
of patents. Mr. Du Shane was one of the origi-
nators of the present splendid Public Library,
and aided materially in securing the legisla-
tion from the general assembly providing for
the creation and maintenance of Public Libra-

ries from the general tax levy He was the
first secretary of the library when it was lo-
cated in the upper floor oi the Oliver Opera
House, and still holds that position He is also
entrusted with the delicate and responsible
task of purchasing the books for that institu-
tion. Mr. Du Shane has the distinction of be-
ing the first man to introduce electricity for
lighting purposes in this city He organized
the South Bena Electric Company and was the
secretary of that corporation from 1882 till
1S99. He is also secretary of the South Bend
Power Company, which i roposes to build n

JAMES DUSHANE.

dam across the St. Joseph river, near the state
line, for the development of electric power, and
its transmission to this city for use for manu-
facturing purposes. Mr. Du Shane has always
been a public spirited citizen and has been
interested in a number of measures having foi
their object the general good of the city. He
is well known and highly esteemed in the com-
munity. He was married to Miss Emma An-
derson, a daughter of his law associate, Andrew
Anderson, and has a family of four boys and
two girls. His home is located at No. 720
Park avenue.

LOUIS NICKEL, JR.

Mr. Louis Nickel, Jr., the popular business
man and restaurateur of this city, is a native
of Bavaria, Germany, where he was born April
13, 1846. He is the son of Louis Nickel and

122

SOUTH BEND

Eva (Dietz) Nickel. When he was but eight
years of age his mother died, and three years
later his father decided to come to America,
and with his son, sailed on the clipper sailing

I, ill tS Nil M-.l.. JR.

ship "Exchange," which made the journey
from Havre, France to New York in thirty-five
days, which, at that time, was considered a
quick voyage. Mr. Nickel's father was a talent-
ed musician and made his home for several
years in New York, where he was a member
of some of the most famous musical organiza-
tions there, including Gilmore's Concert Band,
and the Theodore Thomas Orchestra. Y'oung
Nickel had the advantages of a good education,
and improved it. When he was through school
he learned the trade of a tinsmith with his
uncle, and also learned the jeweler's trade.
While working at this he attended night school
at Cooper Institute in New York. After three
years he went to Patterson, N. J., where he
was employed in the Rogers Locomotive Works.
In the meantime his father had gone to South
Bend, and in 1870, young Nickel joined his
father in this city, and found employment with
the Singer Sewing Machine Company. He
next went with the Oliver Plow Company
where he remained over three years, when he
purchased a half interest in the Rockstroh
bakery and grocery, his partner being Mr.
George J. Rockstroh, and the immense business
now conducted under the firm name of L.
Nickel, Jr., & Co. has resulted. Mr. Nickel
is one of South Bend's most advanced and pro-

gressive business men and public spirited citi-
zens. The hotel, restaurant and grocery con-
ducted by the firm is the largest and most
completely fitted and stocked in this section,
and the trade is among the best people. Mr.
Nickel holds a high place in social and frater-
nal life here, being a prominent Mason, Odd
Fellow and Elk, and a member of the Turner's
Society. He was married in 1871 to Miss Kate
Rockstroh.

SAMUEL T. APPLEGATE.

Mr. Samuel T. Applegate enjoys the reputa-
tition of being the oldest and one of the most
popular and thorough druggists in South Bend.
He has been engaged in this business since
1S57, when a boy of sixteen years of age, he
came to this city to make his first venture in
the world, and he has been remarkably suc-
cessful. He was born near Bordentown, in
Burlington County, New Jersey, March 7, 1841,
and had the misfortune to lose his father,
Thomas Taylor Applegate, when he was but
three years of age. At the age of seven years
he removed to Philadelphia, Penn., with his
mother, arid in 1857 he came to South Bend.
In 1S58 he was engaged in the drug store of Mr
Albert G. dishing, as a clerk, and later pur-

-<■-—

SAMl'EL T. APPLEGATE.

chased an interest in the business and the firm
was then known as Cushing & Co. In January,
1897, Mr. Cushing retired from the business
and Mr. Applegate purchased his interest and

SOUTH BEND.

123

became the sole proprietor. In 1860 Mr. Apple-
gate went to Pike's Peak, Colorado, and was
engaged in gold mining for about eight months
with satisfactory success. In 1864 he was ap-
pointed as clerk to Major Ethan S. Reynolds,
who was a paymaster during the Rebellion,
and he served in this position until the close of
the war, his services not ending until Decem-
ber, 1865. Mr. Applegate is a gentleman of
quiet habits, courteous in his manner, and has
won for himself the high regard of the entire
community, while his handsomely appointed
store at the corner of Michigan and Washing-
ton streets is one of the most popular stores
in the city. Mr. Applegate is a widower, his
estimable wife having died some four years
ago, and he has a family of three children.
His residence is at No. 315 North Michigan
street.

JACOB WOOLYERTON.

Mr. Jacob Woolverton, the president of the
St. Joseph County Savings Bank, and a mem-
ber of the real estate firm of Kizer & Woolver-
ton, is a native of this county, and was born in
Warren. Township, September 3, 1845. His
father, Charles Woolverton, was a resident of
Hamilton County, Ohio, but came to Indiana

JACOB WOOLVERTON.

Woolveiton was but seven years of age, his
father died, and the young man received his
early education during the winter months in
the district schools. In 1864 ne came to South
Head, after whicn he attended Northern In-
diana College for two years, and then took a
thorough course in Eastman s Business College.
Then he spent a short time in travel, and re-
turned to this city and engaged himself with
Col. Norman Eddy, who was collector of In-
ternal Revenue tor this district. On leaving
this position he was a traveling salesman for
an on firm at Cleveland tor a short time, and
then entered tne counting room of Studebaker
Bros., as a bookkeeper. Realizing the great
possioilities of success in dealing in real estate
in this vicinity, Mr. Woolverton, on June 10,
1869, formed a partnership with William L.
Kizer, who was associated with him in the
revenue collection department, and these two
young men started upon a career which has
earned success The operations of the firm are
most extensive and in addition to their import-
ant transactions in real estate, the firm loans
large amounts of money on property in In-
diana, Ohio and Michigan, and have an exten-
sive clientage among the wealthy and influen-
tial citizens of this county. Mr. Woolverton
has never sought political preferment, but has
always taken an active part in the political
campaigns and has been selected as treasurer
of the Republican Central Committee on vari-
ous occasions. He is also interested in a num-
ber of business enterprises of an important
character and is one of the most progressive
and public spirited of men. He is a stockholder
and vice president of the St. Joseph Loan &
Trust Company, and the president of the St.
Joseph County Savings Bank, and for years
occupied the position of vice president of that
institution. He is also the treasurer of the
Malleable Steel Range Manufacturing Com-
pany. In October, 1870, he was married to Miss
Alice M. Rupei, and with his family resides
in a handsome nome at No. 313 South Lafayette
street.

in 1841, and settled in Warren Township. He
was very successful in the purchase and sale
of farming lands, and was highly esteemed by
his neighbors and friends In 1852, when Jacob

HON. TIMOTHY E. HOWARD.

Among the many prominent members of the
bar of St. Joseph County, no one is held in
higher esteem or occupies a more honorable
position in the community than that able jurist,
wise counsellor, and distinguished advocate,
ex-judge Timothy E. Howard, who is one of the
best equipped attorneys practicing at the local
bar. Mr. Howard was born near Ann Arbor,
Michigan, January 27, 1837. His father, Martin
Howard, was a well-to-do farmer and the
young man was given an excellent education.

124

SOUTH BEND.

He attended the county schools and the Ypsi-
lanti Union School, and then entered the Uni-
versity of Michigan, where he remained until
the middle of the sophomore year. He then at-

have received universal commendation. He re-
cently made a compilation of the Statutes of
Indiana which has been favorably received by
the public. He is a past commander of Auten
Post, No. 8, G. A. K. Judge Howard was mar-
ried to Miss Julia A. Redmond, of Detroit,
Mich., and eight children have been born to
them. He resides at No. 714 East Cedar street.

HON. TIMOTHY E. HOWARD.

tended the University of Notre Dame, where he
combined with his studies a professorship in
Mathematics, Eng.ish Literature, Latin and
Greek, and graduated in 1862, remaining with
the college as an instructor. Mr. Howard en-
listed in the 12th Michigan Volunteeis, but was
wounded at the battle of Shiloh and incapaci-
tated for further service. From 1879 to 1883
he was clerk of the Circuit Court of this judi-
cial district, and was admitted to the bar dur-
ing the latter year. He was elected State Sena-
tor in 1866 and served two terms. Mr. Howard,
in 1892, was elected to the Supreme Court
Judgeship, and during his term of office he en-
deared himself to the bar and the community
at large. During his early life Judge Howard
was a member of the city council, where among
other services, he secured for the city the beau-
tiful river park which bears his name. He also
served as City Attorney and as County Attor-
ney, and in every position evinced marked abil-
ity and energy. He has been identified with
some of the most important causes ever before
the courts, and demonstrated his legal ability
in the Barrett Law case, the City Hall case and
others of equal prominence. Judge Howard is
a thorough classical scholar of a high order,
and his lectures on law, literature and history

DR. D. E. CUMMINS.

Dr. David E. Cummins, one of the leading
dentists of South Bend, is a public spirited and
progressive citizen of the highest type. He is
a native of Pennsylvania, and was born at
Elderton, Armstrong County, Pa., September 5,
1847. His father, William S. Cummins, was a
prominent contractor of that section of the
state. After receiving a comprehensive edu-
cation in the schools and academies of his na-
tive state, Mr. Cummins, at the early age of
nineteen years, left the parental roof, and
sought to make his own way in life. In 1867
he came to Elkhart, Ind., and for several years
was associated with his brother, S. M. Cummins,
with whom he acquired an expert knowledge of
dentistry. He came to South Bend in Novem-
ber, 1870, and established himself in business
in the old Colfax building. From the outset he
was remarkably successful and numbered among

DR. I). E. CUMMINS.

his clients the best families of the city. In
June. 1887, he erected the handsome brick build-
ing at the northeast corner of Main street and
Colfax avenue, to which he removed, and where

SOUTH BEND.

125

his handsomely appointed offices are now lo-
cated. Dr. Cummins occupies a prominent po-
sition in the community and is connected with
many of the leading enterprises here. He is
the president of the South Bend Savings and
Loan Association, the River View Cemetery
Company and the Commercial Athletic Club.
He is a gentleman of refinement and culture,
and is affiliated with the Masons, the Royal
Arcanum and other orders of a kindred nature.
Mr. Cummins was married in 1871 to Miss Etta
Lowry, and with his daughters, Maud and
Grace, resides in a handsome home at No. 337
West Colfax avenue.

HON. GEORGE FORD.

Hon. George Ford the lawyer, is a native of.
South Bend. He was born January 11, 1846
and received his early education in the schools
of his native city. He attended the law school

HON. GEORGE FOBD.

of the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor,
where he graduated in the class of 1869. He
was admitted to the bar and for several years
was associated with Col. Norman Eddy and
Mr. Joseph Henderson, in whose offices he pur-
sued a general practice. In 1874 he was select-
ed as the prosecuting attorney of the circuit,
and this office he held until 18S5. The people
of the Thiiteenth Congressional District elected
him to the National House of Representatives
at the general election of 1884, and he was a
member of the 49th Congress. Mr. Ford'c

clientele embraces many of the leading busi-
ness men and corporations of this city, and he
is interested in a number of prominent local
institutions and enterprises. Mr. Ford is
married, his wife being the daughter of Mr.
James Oliver, of South Bend. His home is lo-
cated at No. 630 West Washington street.

HON. WILLIAM H. LONGLEY.

Hon. William H. Longley, ex-Mayor of South
Bend, and a member of the firm of Leeper &
Longley, manufacturers of brick, is a native
of the xioosier State, and was born in Elkhart
County, Indiana, October 3, 1846. Mr. Longley
comes of sturdy Pennsylvania stock, his father,
Andrew Longley, having been born in that
state, and his mother, Mary Longley, being a
native of Elkhart County, Indiana. In 1853
his parents settled on a farm at Sumption
Prairie, St. Josepn County. Young Longley
was the eldest ot a family of three children,
and was brought up on the farm, where he
inherited that sturdy independence of the farm
boy of forty years ago. He attended the dis-
trict school, where he received the usual com-
mon school education, which he supplemented
by reading good books, and also by a course
at Notre Dame, where he graduated in 1867
from the commercial department. When he
had reached his majority he left the farm and
came to South Bend and entered the dry
goods store of John Brownfield, where he re-
mained until 1888, when he was elected Mayor
of South Bend, and in 1890 was reelected and
served nis second term. During his regime
as chief executive of the city many notable
improvements were made, and the progress
was vice president until 1888. He was also
ment. Mr. Longley also served the city, in
1882, as councilman from the Second ward.
He is a man distinctively of the people, affable
and approachable at all times, and in his
public and private life has been a man of strict
honor. He was one of the incorporators of
the A. C. Sualey Manufacturing Company, and
was vice president until 1888. He was also
one of the incorporators of the Indiana Hedge
Fence Company. He is a man of sound judg-
ment and a thoroughly public spirited citizen,
who has the best welfare of tne city at heart.
In 1892 he became a memoer of the firm of
Leeper & Longley. manufacturers of brick, in
which business he is now engaged. Mr. Long-
ley is prominent in social and fraternal circles,
bing a Mason, and Knight of Pythias; also a
charter member of Crusade Lodge, No. 14. and
Uniform Rank. He was married in 1872 to
Miss Helen Searle, and resides at No. 215
t,outh William street.

126

SOUTH BEND.

HORACE G. MILLER.
Mr. H. G. Miller, who was named after the
famous journalist and statesman Horace
Greeley, is a native of St. Joseph County and
was horn November 14, 1S49. His father, Wil-
liam Miller, was one of the pioneer farmers in
this vicinity and came to Indiana in 1833 and
settled in St. Joseph County when the Potta-
watomie Indians roamed these western forests
and prairies. The elder Mr. Miller represented
his district in the state legislature from 1841
to 1850 and was a prominent figure in the poli-
tics of his time, being an old line Whig and
one of the organizers of the republican party
In this state. The young man was educated
in the district schools, and afterward was
sent to Northern Indiana College and at-
tended Monmovth Co'lege at Monmouth.

Electrical Mfg. Company, and is vice presi-
dent of the company. He was appointed Post-
master of South Bend by President McKinley
in 1898 and since his incumbency of that im-
portant office he has instituted many bene-
ficial extensions and improvements in the local
postal service, all of which are highly appre-
ciated by the business community and citizens
of South Bend. Mr. Miller comes of a family
which for years has taken a deep interest in
public affairs. His oldest brother, John P. Mil-
ler, who was a member of the State Senate
when the war of the rebellion broke out, at
once raised the 29th Regiment Indiana Volun-
teers and was appointed as its Colonel, and
was afterward, for heioic conduct promoted to
a Brigadier Generalship. After the war was
over he went to California and was appointed
Collector of Customs at San Francisco. He was
afterward chosen United States Senator from
California, and became chairman of the Com-
mittee on Foreign Relations of that body.
While serving in the Senate he died in the
full flush of honorable distinction in 1SS6.
Another brother of Postmaster Miller, Isaac
Newton Miller was elected County Commissi-
oner at the last election. Mr. Miller in addi-
tion to his duties as Postmaster is also in-
terested in the improvements of the lands in
the Kankakee Valley which have been redeemed
and are now fertile fields. He with his brother
I. N. Miller, has a farm of 800 acres in this
district. Mr. Miller is a popular citizen, an
able official and an influential member of ths
community. He has hosts of admiring friends
and is a leader in the ranks of his party.

II. <;. MILLER.

Illinois, where he graduated in 1870 with the
honorable degree of Bachelor of Science. After
leaving Monmouth, he came to South Bend
and for a time was connected with J. G. Bart-
lett, one of the pioneer merchants of this city,
in the grocery business. On the retirement of
Mr. Bartlett, Mr. Miller associated himself wifh
Myron Campbell, now the cashier of the South
Bend National Bank, under the firm name o!
Miller & Campbell. Leaving the commercial
business he was engaged by the Studebaker
Wagon Co., as a traveling salesman and after-
ward filled an important office in that company.
In 1892 he became interested in the Miller-
Knoblock Co. in the manufacture of wagons
and is now a member of the MUler-Knoblock

GEORGE E. CLARKE.

Mr. George Edmond Clarke is a leading at-
torney of Indiana. He is a Southener by birth
and was born in the city of New Orleans, La..
May S, 1860. His father, Matthew Clarke,
was a prominent railroad and steamboat offi-
cial, and his mother was Ellen Clarke. Both
his parents were natives of Ireland. Young
Clarke had all the advantages of an excellent
education. His early school days were passed
in the South, after which he attended the public
school at Cario, 111., where he graduated. He
was also a student at St. Vincent's College,
Cape Girardeau, Mo., at Cornell University.
New York, and at the University of Michigan.
at Ann Arbor. At the University of Notre
Dame he received the degrees of L. L. B., and
B. A., and in 1880 was awarded the degree of
Master of Arts. Mr. Clark was for some years
connected with this institution as a Professor
of Mathematics, History and Oratory, and later
taught in the Law school of this university.

SOUTH BEND

12?

During his different school vacations, he per-
formed various clerical duties. He was private
secretary to the president of the Mobile & Ohio
Railroad, and for a time he did newspaper
work. After his graduation he was engaged
with the Studebaker Bros. Manufacturing Com-
pany. Believing that the practice of law would
afford a better field for the development of hi?
abilities, Mr. Clarke entered the post-graduare
law course of the University 01 Michigan, at
Ann Arbor where he received the degree of
Master of Laws. He was admitted to the bar
in 1883. It was not until 1890, however, that
he was identified with the bar of St. Joseph
County. His civil practice is large, and he is
one of the few lawyers who thoroughly under-

GEORGB E. CLARKE.

stands bookkeeping and accounts. He has ap-
peared as attorney in many murder cases, in
all of which he has added fresh and enduring
laurels to his fame as a lawyer. As a public
speaker his addresses are in the highest sense
classical, eloquent and powerful, and upon all
great occasions he is chosen as the orator of the
day. His speeches on Decoration Day; on the
Columbus Day celebration; at the dedication
of the Auditorium; the Alumni oration at Notre
Dame, and at the Bradley Memorial exercises
are models of oratorical beauty and classical
diction. His address before the Indiana Bar
Association, at Indianapolis, was most favor-
ably commented upon by the eastern papers,
and gained for him increased honor and
popularity, and classed him among the recog-

nized orators of the west. At a recent meet-
ing of Indiana lawyers at Indianapolis, he was
selected as one of the three delegates, from
this state, to the meeting of the American Bar
Association at Saratoga, N. Y. The other
two delegates were Judge Robeit S. Taylor, of
Fort Wayne, and Hon. Samuel O. Pickens, of
Indianapolis. At Saratoga the Indiana dele-
gates elected him a member of the Council fur
their state. In 1900 Mr. Clarke was nominated
by the Republicans for Prosecuting Attorney
of St. Joseph County, and in November he was
elected, and is now filling that responsible po-
sition with credit and honor Mr. Clarke has
delivered a number of lectures on historical
subjects ,and has appeared before audiences in
many of the principal cities of the east and
west Mr. Clarke was married in 18S7, to one
of South Bend's most cultured musicians. Miss
Mamie Giddings, but after a brief married life
she died, leaving him with two children. In
1S95 he was again married and his present wi'e
was Miss Mary Vanderhoof, a most estimable
lady of South Bend society. His home is lo-
cated in Chapin Park.

^GEORGE W. LOUGHMAN.

Mr. George W. Loughman, ex-mayor of South
Bend, and President and General Manager of
the Sandage Steel Skein Company, a conspicu-
ous manufacturing enterprise of this city, is a
native of the Buckeye State, and was born at
Brownsville. Ohio, December 25, 1846. Mr.
Loughman comes of sturdy Pensylvania stock,
his father being David Loughman and his
mother Elizabeth (Martin) Loughman. Mr.
Loughman was the youngest of the family of
five children and was reared and passed his
boyhood days on a farm. He received a fair
education in the district schools, and when
seventeen years of age he went to the front
in the service of his country- He enlisted in
Company G., 32nd Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and
served with valor for two years, participating
in many notable engagements of the Atlanta
campaign. He accompanied General Sherman
in his famous march to the sea, and served in
the campaigns in the Carolinas and Old Domin-
ion. At the close of the great internecino
struggle he was mustered out at Louisville,
Ky., and returned at once to his home in Ohio,
where he remained three months, when he
came to St. Joseph County and located at
Mishawaka, where he found employment as
a cleik for the Lake Shore and Michigan
Southern Railroad. He was later appointed
agent of the company, which position he held
for three years, when he came to South
Bend as cashier of the company, where he

128

SOUTH BEND,

remained six years. In 1SS0 he went to
Chicago as the company's repiesentative at
the Union Stock Yards, and six months later
he returned to this city as agent of the road

GEORGE W. LOTJGETMAN.

this sketch received his practical business train-
ing. His mother was Hattie (Butler) Shively.
In the public schools of this city young Shively
received his preliminary education, and in 1889
he graduated at the South Bend High school.
Mr Shively decided to take up a professional
life, and in 1S91 entered the University of Michi
gan at Ann Arbor where he received the degree
of L. L. B., upon his graduation in 1892. He
returned to South Bend and entered the law
department of Notre Dame .and received his
degree of Master of Laws. He was admitted to
the bar and in 1892 began the practice of gen-
eral law and has built up a large and per-
manent practice. In his profession Mr. Shively
is a careful counselor and an able attorney. In
business life he has won for himself a name
as a practical business man of rare ability. In
1899 Mr. Shively saw an opportunity in the oil
business, and with a small capital he opened up
the famous field in Jasper County that he sold
to the Byrd Syndicate of London, England
The field is a prolific one and the only one east
of the Mississippi river producing an oil. which,
under a process owned by the Byrd Syndicate.
can be used in the manufacture of an imitation
of Para rubber, and for the manufacture of
rubber paint. Mr. Shively was secretary of the
Inter State Oil Company which he sold, and he
is now secretary of the Inter State Petroleum

where he remained nine years, in 1890 Mr.
Loughman resigned his position and became
secretary of the Sandage Steel Skein Company
and was made President and General Manage"
later. He has ever been prominent in Repub-
lican politics and in 1884 was elected Mayor of
South Bend, and was honored by a reelection
in 1886. He has also served the city two terms
as Councilman and was also elected County
Auditor. Mr. Loughman is president of the
South Bend Building and Loan Association. He
is prominent in the social and fraternial life
of our city ana is a member of leading lodges
and clubs. In 1868 he married Miss Martha
Chandler, of Mishawaka, and has one daughter.
Mrs. 0. R. Miller, of South Bend. He resides in
a pretty home at No. 716 South Michigan
street

DUDLEY M. SHIVELY.

Mr. Dudley M. Shively, one of St. Joseph
County's able attorneys and a leading business
man, is a native of South Bend, having been
born here January 18, 1871. Mr. Shively comes
of a family highly prominent in this section,
his father, Daniel M Shively, having been for
many years engaged in the dry goods trade
here, and it was in his store that the subject of

DUDLEY M. SUIVELV.

Oil & Gas Company, and the Bailey Oil Com-
pany, both operating extensively in the Jasper
County field. Mr. Shively is a very large hold-
er of valuable oil property in Adams and Jay

SOUTH BEND

120

Counties. These properties are being rapidly
developed under his energetic business methods
and promise to be among the most valuable
and large producing wells in the country. Mr.
Shively was married June 24, 1896, to Miss
JaneUe M. Johnson, of Niles, Michigan, and
resides in a handsome home at the corner of
South Franklin and Elmira streets. He i?
popular in social life, and is a member of the
Masons, Knights of Pythias, Woodmen of th*
World, Modern Woodmen ana the Maccabees,
and of Murat Temple. Nobles of the Mystic
Shrine, of Indianapol's.

HON. WALTER A. FUNK.

Among the prominent attorneys of South
Bend, Hon. Walter A. Funk, Circuit Judge of
St. Joseph County, has by his superior talents
and untiring energy earned a conspicuous place.
Judge Funk had none of those advantages
which served to advarce the sons of wealthy
parents, but by his own efforts and abilities
has won for himself his present position on the
bench of St. Joseph County, and his social stand-
ing in the community. His father was a farm-
er in Elkhart County, and Judge Funk was born

TION. WALTER A. FINK.

there December 18, 1857, his father being Wil-
liam Funk, who is now living at Elkhart, but
who at that time had a farm and saw mill. Judge
Funk was a student in the schools of Goshen
and Valparaiso, and in 1885 graduated from

the Law department of the University of Michi-
gan at Ann Arbor. For two years previous he
was a student in the law office of Judge Smith
in Cassopolis, Mich., and of Hon. Andrew An-
derson in South Bend, and in 1886 he located in
South Bend where he has since been engaged
in most successful practice. He was the attorney
for a number of the leading corporations and
business men in South Bend and his standing
at the bar is of the highest. He was the Re-
publican candidate for State Senator in 1892.
and although he ran far ahead of his ticket, he
failed of election in that eventful political year.
In November, 1900, he was elected Circuit Judge
of St. Joseph County, on the Republican
ticket, and his election has given to all litigants
and counsel a wise and fair administration of
justice, and an able adjudication of all cases
that come before him. Judge Funk is essen-
tially a self-made man. He worked for his
father until he was twenty-one years old, except
at certain intervals when he taught school. As
an evidence of his ability it may be stated
that he was selected as a teacher at the early
age of sixteen years and acquitted himself in
that profession most creditably. Judge Funk
was married to Miss Mary E. Harris and has
one son, William Harris Funk. His office is
in the Oliver Opera House block and the hand-
some family residence is at No. 733 West Wash-
ington street.

WILLIS A. BUGBEE.
Upon the proper preparation of abstracts
depends the absolute security of the purchase
of a tract of real estate, and there is no more
important and responsible profession than the
careful and correct maker of abstracts of title
in a growing and enterprising city. Since
1867 Mr. Willis A. Bugbee has been connected
with this important profession, and his name
is an accepted guarantee in all questions where
the titles to real estate are involved or con-
cerned. Mr. Willis A. Bugbee is a native of
South Bend, and was born September 17, 1845.
His father, Almond Bugbee, who is still living
at the honored age of eighty-five years came to
this section of the country in 1837 and for years
was engaged in the shoe and tannery business
and afterward in the manufacture of house-
hold furniture. Yotmg Bugbee spent his early
yeais in the public schools of South Bend and
Chicago, and in 1867 he graduated from the
L,aw Department of the University of Michigan
at Ann Arbor. He was admitted to the bar
and at once entered the law and abstract
office of Andrew Anderson, with whom he was
associated until 1870. when Mr. Anderson re-
tired and Mr. Bugbee purchased the business

130

SOUTH BEND.

and records and established in business on his
own account. The office of Mr. Bugbee which
is located in the new Bank building at Nos.
1 i'l'-I 24 North Main street, contains a perfect

WILLIS A. BUGBEE.

up-to-date set of records of the title to every
foot of ground in St. Joseph County. Mr. Bug-
bee is one of the most conscientious and pains-
taking of men, and his certificate of title is ac-
cepted unqualifiedly by every attorney and real
estate purchaser in the county. The value of
real estate transactions upon which Mr. Bugbei
has been employed to attend to has involved
many millions of dollars, and that he has met
with no losses to his clients is a convincing
evidence of the careful and painstaking meth-
ods of business he has always followed. Mr.
Bugbee was married to Miss Evelyn E. Badet, of
New London, Conn., and his family consists
of two estimable daughters. His handsome
residence is located at No. 311 South Main
street and is a home of refinement and ho=-
pitality. Mr. Bugbee is a prominent citizen of
South Bend. He is the secretary of the South
Bend Building and Loan Association, and the
Attorney for the St. Joseph Loan and Savings
Association.

JONATHAN P. CREED.

One of the prominent and able members of
the bar here is Mr. Jonathan P. Creed. He is
a native of New York, having been born in the
town of Benton, Yates County, December 2,
1844. His father was William H. Creed, a

prominent builder and contractor. Despite his
fifty-six years Mr. Creed is still vigorous and an
energetic and active practitioner of acknowl-
edged reliability. He received his early educa-
tion in the Genesee Wesleyan Seminary at
Lima. N. Y., and when but seventeen years
of age, in 1861. he promptly responded to his
country's call and enlisted in the 126th New
York Volunteers. His regiment was attached
to the Army of the Potomac, and was a part of
the Second Army Corps, which was commended
by General W. S. Hancock. His regiment was
classed as one of the famous "300 fighting regi-
ments." and participated in all of the great bat-
tles in which the Army of the Potomac was en-
gaged. The young volunteer was shot through
the right arm and side on July 4, 1863, at the
battle of Gettysburg. In March. 1868. Mr. Creed
came to South Bend and studied law in the of-
fice of J. B. Arnold, after which he engaged in
partnership with his preceptor. This continued
until 1881. when Mr. Creed engaged in business
on his own account his office being in
the handsome new Dean building. He
was married to Miss Lucretia Miller, daughter
of Solomon M Her, of South Bend. He has four
estimable daughters, one of whom is Miss
Alice Miller Creed, who has studied law, been
admitted to practice in the Supreme Court, and

.liiHXATHAX P. CREED.

is now an able assistant to her honored father.
Mr. Creed is a member of Auten Post, No. 8,
G. A. R., and was for three years Commander of
the post. Mr. Creed is highly esteemed and re-
sides at No. 429 South Main street.

SOUTH BEND.

131

ALICE M. CREED.

Miss Alice Miller Creed, who holds an envi-
able place in the professional life of our city,
was born in South Bend, and is a daughter of
Jonathan P. Creed, the well-known attorney
at law, and Lucret'a (Miller) Creed, whose
father, Solomon Miller, was former treasurer
of St. Joseph County. Miss Creed received
ber education in the schools of this city and
graduated from the High School in the class
of 1892. She then decided to follow the pro-
fession of her father, and attended the law
depaitment of the University of lndianapol's,
where she graduated in the class of 1897, and
was admitted to practice before the Supreme

/*r

MISS ALICE M. CREED.

Court of the State of Indiana. Miss Creed has
since been associated with her father in law
practice in this city. She is a young lady of
rare mental gifts, and is a favorite with all
who know her.

JOSEPH B. ARNOLD.

The erection of the handsome and imposing
Arnold Building by Mr. Joseph B. Arnold at
Nos. 216-218 West Jefferson street, marks an
important epoch in the erection of buildings
designed especially for office purposes in this
city, and is a striking illustration of Mr. Ar-
nold's public spirit. He is one of the oldest
and most prominent attorneys now practic-
ing at the local bar. A native of New York,
Mr. Arnold was born at Medina, Orleans
County, and his father was the owner of a

number of boats that plied the Erie canal.
He spent his early years in the east, and when
fifteen years of age he came to South Bend.
Here he attended the public schools and theu
took a full course in the Chicago Law Univer-
sity, from which he graduated in 1865. He was
admitted to the bar and commenced the prac-
tice of law, and for a time Mr. Jonathan P.
Creed was asociated with him in business.
In 1870 he was appointed Deputy Prosecuting
Attorney for St. Joseph County. In 1875 he was
instrumental in the organization of the Peo-
ple's Savings Bank, and was its president until
1885, when he voluntarily closed it out, wound
up its affairs, surrendered its charter and de-
voted himself to private business. Since that
time Mr. Arnold has confined his practice to
real estate matters, abstracts and foreclosures,
and he is a recognized authority on real estate
titles in this locality. He has a perfect set of
abstracts and has no superior as a real estate
lawyer. Mr. Arnold is retiring and modest in
his manner, but is the most courteous and
genial of men. The new Arnold building is a
model of architecture and is one of the hand-
somest and most tastefully appointed buildings
in the west, and is a beautiful and substantial
addition to the city.

BENJAMIN F. PRICE.

For more than half a century the name of
Benjamin F. Price has been associated with the
profession of undertaking in South Bend. Ben-
jamin F. Price, the elder, came to this city from
Uniontown, Pa., in 1S35, and from that time until
nis death, which occurred October 16, 1887, ha
was identified with the furniture and undertak-
ing business in this vicinity. Mr. Benjamin
F. Price, the son, who at present conducts the
business was born in South Bend, December
12, 1850. He was educated in the public schools
of this city, and at the University of Notre
Dame, and from his early boyhood he assisted
his father in the primitive establishment which
he then conducted. Mr. Price is a practical
undertaker of progressive ideas, and his office
sales and warerooms are equipped with every
modern appliance and are handsomely fur-
nished. The hearses owned by him are of
the finest description, and every detail of
the business is conducted upon the highest
principles of business courtesy and thorough-
ness. During his career he has conducted the
funerals of many of the most prominent citi-
zens of South Bend, and he is regarded by the
community at large as a courteous and able
undertaker. Mr. Price is also associated with
Mr. Frank E. Bowman in the management of

132

SOUTH BEND.

an extensive livery and boarding stable at the
corner of St. Joseph and Jefferson streets. H3
was also connected with his brother. John B.
Price, in the business, but since his death, in

George Reynolds, and then again took up his
residence in South Bend. In 1859 with a party
of friends he journeyed to Pike s Peak in search
for gold, but returned in the fall of the same
year. He again turned his atention to farming
and located at Roiling Prairie, Laporte County,
and was County Trustee for fourteen years,
and a member of the asylum board for twenty-
five years. In 18S3 he came back to South
Bend and was engaged at the home repository
01 the Studebaker Bros. Mfg. Company for fif-
teen years. In 1898 he was selected as the Re-
publican candidate for County Treasurer and
was elected. His management of the office has
been of so high a character that he was re-
nominated, in 1900, without opposition and
reelected his own successor. Mr. Zigler is a
gentleman of great business capacity, and has
won the esteem of all. He is prominent in
social circles and in fraternial life, and is a
member of Masonic Lodge. No. 291, of Rolling

BENJAMIN F. PKICE.

1882, has managed the business alone, with
an able corps of assistants. Mr. Price was
married to Miss Maggie Fagan, of St. Joseph
Mich., and resides at No. 126 North Michigan
street.

JOHN W. /.KiLER.
Mr. John \V. Zigler, the County Treasurer of
St. Joseph County, is one of the old Trojans
in South Bend, and one ot its most honored
citizens. Mr. Zigler is a Virginian rjy birth,
his native city being Salem, in Bortetort
County of that state. His father, Michael Zig-
ler, was a tanner and well known in that local-
ity. In ISol his family moved to South Bend
and located on a farm now owned by Reuben
Donomeyer. He assisted his father on the
farm and attended the district schools until the
death of the former in 1848. He afterward
worked on a farm and in the brick business
until he was twenty-one years old, when he
came to this city and engaged as a clerk in
the store of Ethan, John and George Reynolds.
After that he was engaged in John Brown-
field's store and then engaged in farming at
Terre Coupee Prairie, in St. Joseph County. He
was married in 1857 to Miss Mary Ann Rey-
nolds, the widow of his former employer,

JOHN W. ZIOLER.

Prairie, and a member of the State Grange
since its organization, and he served one year
as state lecturer of the Giange.

LESTER F. BAKER.

Mr. Lester F. Baker, who has been promi-
nently identified with the real estate business
in South Bend, is a native of the Empire State.
He was born in Oneida County, August 19,
1819, and his early manhood was spent in that

SOUTH BEND

133

locality. His father, Eleazer Baker, was a suc-
cessful commission merchant, and one of the
early pioneers in that section of the state. Mr.
Baker received his early education in the dis

in this locality. His home is at No. 334 Soutn
Main street, and he has resided there for forty-
one years continuously.

EDMUND C. WESTERVELT.

Mr. Edmund Corlett Westervelt is one of ths
prominent business men of South Bend and
is largely interested in a number of important
manufacturing enterprises in this city and else
wheie. He was born at Mansfield, Ohio, July
28, 1847, and is a son of Rev. W. A. Westervelt,
a Congregational clergyman, now deceased, and
Lyda (Drake) Westervelt. He received his
education in the schools where his father was
ministerially engaged. He next studied at
Washington College, at Washington, Iowa, en-
tering the freshman class, and then took a par-
tial course at Oberlin College, and a business
course at the same institution. He was en-
gaged in the grocery business at Oberlin for six
years. He temporarily retired from business
and traveled extensively through Europe and
the Continent. He returned to Oberlin and on
July 3, 1877, was married to Miss Florence E.
Bacon, of Edwardsburg, Mich., who was attend-
ing the Oberlin Conseivatory of Music. Mr.
Westervelt was first attracted by the cultured

LESTEK F. UAKEK.

trict schools in the vicinity of his home, and
afterward worked on a farm for four years.
When twenty years old he taifght school and
followed this occupation for six years, and m
1846 he removed to Akron, Ohio, where he en-
gaged in the hardware business. After a shore
time spent in Sandusky, he was engaged in the
construction of the Cincinnati, Hamilton &
Dayton railway, and in 1852 he came to South
Bend, when the population of the city was
but 800. in search of a business location. Dur-
ing that year he and his brother, Darwin H.
Baker, opened a boot and shoe store in this
city, and continued in this business until 1861,
when he retired to engage in the real estate
business which he has since very successfully
followed. He is a large property owner and
one of the most respected citizens in this com-
munity. He was married in 1849 to Miss Mary
R. Willey, of Delaware, Oho, and his family
consists of two daughters. Mr. Baker has been
a member of the City Council where he served
with great credit, and in 1889 was appointed
a member of the Board of Trustees of the
Northern Indiana Insane Asylum located at
Logansport. Mr. Baker is a public spirited citi-
zen and is endeared to a large circle of friends

EDMUND C. WESTERVELT.

voice of bis future bride which led to an intro-
duction and resulted in marriage. On their
wedding journey they passed through Soutn
Bend, and Mr. Westervelt was attracted by its

134

SOUTH BEND

business energy. Leaving his wife at Laporte
with friends he returned here and leased a
store and established himself in the grocery
business. While still engaged at this he pur-
chased stock in the South Bend Chilled Plow-
Company and afterward engaged in the paper
pulp business. He erected a pulp mill at Mish-
awaka. which he rented, retaining an interest in
the business. While thus engaged he disposed
of his grocery and started in the manufactuie
of paper, and in 1880 established the South
Bend Paper Company of which he is the sole
proprietor. After continuing in partnership
with Gaylor and Clarke in the pulp business
he purchased their interests and conducted it
alone. In 1887 he sold his pulp mill and store
building for a half interest in the Bissell Chilled
Plow Works, and in 1890 his father purchased
one half of the remaining interest and he be-
came the representative of three-fourths of the
stock, and assumed the duties of president,
treasurer and general manager, and still holds
these offices. In 1892 he founded the Prairie
State Paper Company at Taylorville, 111., and is
its president. In 1894 he established the Atlas
Paper Bag Company, of this city, and is the
president of that company, and is also th.:
treasurer of the Chicago Indurated Fibre Co.
Mr. Westervelt is largely interested in thai
beautiful lakeside summer resort known as
Ottawa Beach and Macatawa Park on the west-
ern shore of Lake Michigan, which is one of
the most delightful resorts in the lake region of
Michigan. Tne hotels Ottawa and Macatawa
are models and in the season filled with guests
from all sections. Mr. Westervelt is president
of the Macatawa Park Association. He is a
progressive business man of the highest type,
and a public spiiited citizen. He resides w.th
his wife and family, consisting of two daugh-
ters, Winifred and Nellie, at No. 115 Franklin
place.

MARTIN L. AVENGER,

There are few living in South Bend to-day
who were here in 1841, when Mr. Martin Light
Wenger, then a sturdy boy, arrived in St. Jo-
seph County and began the struggle of life.
topeaking only German, the language of his
Pennsylvania home, and with but little else
than a robust constitution, an honest heart
and an ambition to succeed, Mr. Wenger has
won the success of which he d: earned more
than sixty years ago, and won it by his own
efforts. Mr. Martin L. Wenger was born at
Jonestown, Lebanon County, Pa., June 16, 1820.
and was the next youngest of a family of eight
children born to Martin Wenger and Elizabeth
(Light) Wenger. The Wenger family history

dates back to the 17th century, and in 1737 Hans
Wenger, the progenitor of this branch, a native
of Rhinish Bavaria, sailed from Rotterdam on
the ship "Charming Nancy" of London, fop
America. In 1749 he located in Pennsylvania,
where he purchased 125 acres of land, the sanii'.
being occupied by John L. wenger, of the sixth
generation of the family. Christian Wenger, a
son of Hans, was a minister of the River Breth-
ern denomination, and grandfather of the pres-
ent subject of this sketch. His family consisted
of eight children, Martin, the second being
father of the present Martin Light Wenger. He
was married in 1801 to Miss Elizabeth Light.
who died in 1S23, when Martin L. Wenger was
but a child, and he then married Magdelena
(Light) Holdeman. a widow and a sister of his

^S #fc\

MARTIN I,. WKNGEIi.

first wife. She had six children, and with their
issue of six more the family circle numbered
exactly twenty. At the age of fifteen young
Wenger began life as a teamster, and had few
opportunities of obtaining an education. He
lived with his parents on the farm until he
reached his majority, and on October 13, 1841,
left home for the West. With his scanty-
wardrobe packed in a hemp grain sack, and
$200.00 in a belt, in company of his cousin,
Levi Wenger, he began the walk from Penn-
sylvania, and made his first stop with a sister
at Springfield, Ohio. He then visited another
sister at Dayton, O., and then trudged on to the
home of a brother, Joseph WTenger, at Green-
ville, Ohio. Here he met his elder brother,

SOUTH^BEND.

135

Christian, who four years previously had locat-
ed at South Bend, and came on to this city, ar-
riving November 9, 1841. His first job was cut-
ting wood for Abram Stover at 62% cents per
cord, and out of that he paid $1.50 per week
for board. In the spring of 1842 he bought a
horse for seventy dollars and a wagon for ten,
and with Samuel Suavely went to Illinois, and
on to Iowa City, Iowa. Finding wages lower
there than here he returned and a week later
his horse died. He had used up his money and
started threshing at 113.00 per month, and
soon owned a threshing machine. In 1842 he
went horseback to Ohio to attend an English
school, and returned in the spring, and the next
fall began threshing again. That winter he re-
turned to Pennsylvania on horseback, and the
following spring returned to South Bend. In
the summer of 1844 he bought eighty acres of
land on Turkey Creek, and built a house, 16x1-!.
February IS, 1845, he was married to Miss
Christina Studebaker, and in March moved to
his new home. In June, 1854, Mrs. Wenger be-
came a member of the German Baptist church.
Two years later Mr. Wenger was baptized,
and the following year was chosen a deacon in
the church. In 1877 the Wenger church was
erected on a corner of Mr. Wenger's farm,
bhortly after his marriage his wife's mothe.
died, and the Studebaker homestead, of 155
acres was sold at auction and purchased by Mr.
Wenger and his brother. This farm is tha
site of the present home of Mr. Wenger and
within the corporate limits, Mr. Wenger having
sold all but 85 acres. In the spring of 1848 he
removed to his tarm, where he has since resided.
Three times tne buildings on his farm have
been rebuilt and enlarged. In 1872 Mr. and
Mrs. Wenger retired from the cares of active
life. On February 18, 1895, they celebrated the
anniversary of their golden wedding. In 1875
they made a trip to the Pacific coast, visiting
all points of interest, and at Salt Lake City
visited the great Mormon Tabernacle and had
an interview with Brigham ¥oung, a piiv.lege
rarely granted visitors. During his long and ac-
tive life Mr. Wenger has always been a christ-
ian and public spirited gentleman of the high-
est standing. He has always been a staunch
Republican, and cast his first vote for William
Henry Harrison for president. Mr. Wenger had
four children to brighten his home. Ephiaim
Wenger, born November 26, 1845; died Decem-
ber 1, 18*o ; Marietta Wenger, born October 1,
1847, the wife of Hiram W. Kreighbaum, of the
Wells & Kieighbaum Mfg. Co.; Christian M.
Wenger. oorn May 24, 1849, a retired farmer
and honored resident of oua city, and Ivo Mar-
tin Wenger, born May 28, 1869; died February

18, 1871. Mrs. Wenger was a lady of the most
lovable character and or great benevolence.
She died September 22, 1S9S, mourned by all
who knew her. Mr. Wenger is not in robust
health, but enjoys the love and esteem of his
children and grandchildren and friends, as
well as the entire community.

AUGUSTUS H. INWOOD.

Mr. Augustus H. Inwood, one of the pioneers
and a most respected citizen of South Bend, is
a native of England, and was born at Holy-
bourn, Hampshire County, November 17, 1817.
Mr. Inwood was one of a family of elevea
children born to George Inwood and Mary
(Gearl) Inwood. Up to the age of fifteen he

■

if)

AUGUSTUS H. INWOOD.

resided in England, and received his educa-
tion in the schools there. When he was four-
teen years old his parents died and a year
later he, with two sisters and two brothers,
decided to come to America, where his two
elder brothers had preceeded them a year be-
fore. In April, 1833, he took passage on a
sailing vessel, which required five weeks to
make the voyage across the Atlantic. Arriv-
ing in New York Mr. Inwood remained there
a week and then started for Zanesville, Ohio,
where his brother was located. Arriving there
he found that one of his brothers had gone to
Mishawaka. Ind. The party left Zanesville
and proceeded by canal to Cleveland, Ohio, and
by boat to Detroit, arriving there on the day

136

SOUTH BEND

that Black Hawk, the great Indian chief, reached
there from Washington. This was before
the days of railroads and Mr. Inwood left De-
troit by stage for White Pigeon, Mich., and
then took the stage to South Bend. He reached
this city July 5, 1833. in the late thirties he
and his brother erected the first brewery ia
South Bend, which burned about the time it
was put in operation and was never rebuilt.
He then learned the carpenters trade at whic.u
he worked in this city and Mishawaka until
1845, when he went to Sumption Prairie am!
bought a large farm which he conducted until
1864, when his health failing ne moved to Le.i-
awee County, Michigan, and resided there until
1869, when he returned to this city. In 1ST;)
he retired from business and moved to his pre-
sent home, No. 329 South Lafayette stieet,
where he is enjoying his declining years. Mr.
Inwood was married in 1850 to Miss Susan
Green, of St. Joseph County, who died in 1895
At 83 years of age Mr. Inwood is possessed
of rare mental faculties and recalls incidents of
seventy years ago that are of interest. He is
widely known, honored and esteemed and is
the owner of valuable property in this city and
vicinity.

facture of sprinkling wagons, which continued
until 18S9 when the Miller-Knoblock Company
wag organized and began the manufacture of
drays, trucks, coal wagons and sprinklers. In
July, 1900, the company was reorganized and re
incorporated as the Miller-Knoblock Electric
Manufacturing Company, and embarked upon
the extensive manufacture of magnet wires, and
other electrical appliances and repairing all
classes of motors and dynamos, rewinding
armatures and refilling commutators and other
electrical work. Mr. Miller is an energetic
business man and is highly esteemed in the
community. He is a brother of the late Hon-
John F. Miller, who raised the 29th Regiment
Indiana Volunteers and was its Colonel, and
for bravery and heroic conduct was made a

WILLIAM II. MILLER.

Mr. William H. Miller, treasurer of the Mil-
ler-Knoblock Electric Manufacturing Company,
has been prominently identified with the manu-
facturing interests of South Bend for many
years. He is a native of St. Joseph County
and was uorn at Portage Prairie. August 21,
1838. He is a son of William Miller, who was
one of the early pioneers in this county, and
who was a member of the state legislature in
the early days. Mr. W. H. Miller attended the
district schools near his home and Prof. Coggs-
well's Academy in this city, and was a student
of Wabash College for a year. Then he took
a course of special studies at Miami University,
at Oxford, Ohio. He was first engaged in the
planing mill business and in the manufacture
of sash, doors and blinds, where the Singer
Manufacturing Company's plant now stands,
under the firm name of Marsh & Miller. Later
Mr. Miller's father purchased the interest of
Mr. Marsh and the firm became W. H. Miller
& Co. He continued in this line of business
for several years when he went to Fond du
Lac, Wis., and after three years removed to
St. Louis where he embarked in the coal and
street sprinkling business. He returned t3
South Bend in 1880 and engaged in the manu-

WILLIAM II. MILLER.

Brigadier General and Major General. He
afterward removed to California and was
chosen as United States Senator from that
state, and died in 1886 while holding that dis-
tinguished office. Another brother, H. G. Mil-
ler, is the present efficient Postmaster of South
Bend, and I. N. Miller, another brother was
elected County Commissioner of St. Josep;:
County. He was married to Miss Martha A.
Crockett, a daughter of the late Harrison M.
Crockett, a well known citizen of South Bend,
and his family consists of two daughters, Mrs.
Carl F. Brown, of Denver, Col., and Miss Ger-
trude Miller, who lives at home. Mr. Miller
resides at No. 342 West Colfax avenue.

SOUTH BEJN D-.

137

CALEB A. KIMBALL.

In sucessful financiering there is no name
better known or more highly esteemed in
South Bend than that of Mr. Caleb A. Kimball,
the honored cashier of the First National Bank

able financieis of the state,
in 1856 to Miss Marcia L.
Bend.

He was married
Willis, of Soutn

DR. GEORGE A. OSBORNE.

Dr. George Augustus Osborne, a retired
physician of South Bend and a citizen of high
repute is a native of Indiana, and was born at
Madison, February 28, 1823. His father, Isaac
Osborne, was a native of New Jersey, and
settled in Ohio where he practiced medicine and
was also engaged in trade on the Ohio river.
His mother, Sarah (Pardee) Osborne, came of
early colonial stock and was a native of Con-
necticut. The subject of this sketch lived at
Madison until he was nearly two years old,
when his parents removed to Waynesville,
Ohio, about forty miles from Cincinnati, where
he lived until 1828, and though but five years
of age still remembers the election of General
Jackson in that year. His people next moved
to Clinton County, Ohio, and young Osborne
received his education in a log school house and
by private instruction fiorn his parents. He next
went to Wilmington, Ohio, where he resided
until 1846. When eighteen years of age, with
his brother, William Osborne, he bought a saw
mill at Port William, Ohio, which he conducted

CALEB A. KIMBALL.

of South Bend, the leading financial institution
of St. Joseph County. For thirty-six years Mr.
Kimball has been connected with this institu-
tition, and for thirty years has been its cash-
ier. Mr. Kimball was born in the o'.d Bay
State, at Ipswich, Mass., February 13, 1829. and
comes of hardy Yankee stock. His father was
Philip Kimball and his mother Susan (Stanley)
Kimball. When a boy, but three years of age,
his parents removed to Yarmouth, Maine, where
young Kimball was educated in the public
schools, and where he also attended the Yar-
mouth Academy. When he was twenty-one
years of age — in 1850 — he came to South Bend,
and for a half century has been in the manufac-
turing and banking business here. He start-
ed in the business of manufacturing and cutting
veneers, and continued this for seven years
when he went to Illinois and was engaged in
farming for six years. In 1864 Mr. Kimball
returned to South Bend and entered the First
National Bank as a clerk, and was promoted to
bookkeeper, and then assistant cashier, and in
1871 was made cashier, which position he has
since held with honor and credit. Mr. Kimball
is a stockholder of the bank and one of the

DR. GEORGE A OSBORNE.

for a year or two, and in 1849 he removed to
Wabash, Ind., and bought land and erected a
log cabin. For this property he paid $275.00,
and after one year sold the place at a profit

138

SOUTH BEND.

of $1,000.00 and went to Holland. Ind., and
opened a geneial store, and also bought a gen-
eral store at Markel, Ind. He remained in the
mercantile business about two years, sold out,
and in 1853 bought 640 acres of swamp land
in Blackford County, Ind., and three years later
traded 400 acres of it for a fine farm in Ohio.
Dr. Osborne next went to Mt. Aetna, Hunting-
ton County, Indiana, where he resided until
1876. From his boyhood he has always studied
and practiced medicine, and in 1873 he gradu-
aed from the Medical Department of the Stat.3
Univeisity of Indiana, at Indianapolis. In 1885
Dr. Osborne removed to this city and has since
resided here. He now owns a large farm near
South Bend. Dr. Osborne was married in 1S46
to Margaret A. Fannon, a native of Ohio, and
Mrs. Osborne is also a practicing physician of
ability and skill. This happy couple has a
family of eight children. Hon. C. S. Osborne,
Commissioner of Railways of the State of
Michigan, being their son. Dr. and Mrs. Os-
borne reside at No. 1031 West Washington
street.

JOHN E. FISHER.

Mr. John E. Fisher, one of South Bend's
oldest and leading attorneys at law, is a native
of the Hoosier state, having been born in St.
Joseph County. He is a son of Peter and Lydia
Fisher, and was born on a farm three miles
northeast of Notre Dame ,and resided on the
old homestead until he was sixteen years of
age, and received his early education in the
schools of Clay Township. He came to this city
with his parents in 1864, and atended school at
the Northern Indiana College for two years
following, when he began teaching in which
he was engaged for several years. This voca-
tion not being to his liking he decided to take
up the law as a profession, and he entered the
otnce of Attorneys Eddy & Henderson, a promi-
nent and leading law firm, here he read law
three years, and then continued his studies in
the office of William G. George. In 1869 Mr.
Fisher was admitted to the bar of St. Joseph
County, and on the 26th of January. 1870, began
the practice of his profession, opening his office
in the Odd Fellows block, where he has since
remained, a period of thirty years. Mr. Fisher
has been very successful in his line, confining
himself to ex-parte proceedings and office prac-
tice, which he conducts promptly, systematically
and thoroughly. Being a gentleman of rare
forensic abilities, he is sympathetic in his na-
ture, generous in time of distress or need, and
public spirited to a high degree, ever being in-
terested in the progress and welfare of the

city. Possessing an exemplary character, no
one questions his honesty and integrity, which
is above criticism or reproach. He is un-
assuming and unpretentious, yet dignified and
courteous and occupies a aeservedly high placj
in his honorable profession, and in the estima-
tion of the people who know him. Mr. Fisher
has also, to some extent, been interested in real

JOHN E. FISHER.

estate, buying and selling on his own account,
and by his fortunate investments has realized
handsome profits, and accumulated considerable
valuable property. He was married in 1881 to
Margaret Thompson, a most estimable and
lovable lady, who died February 23, 1899
mourned by all who knew her and of her many
benefactions.

AARON JONES.

Mr. Aaron Jones, one of South Bend's most
esteemed citizens and successful business men
is a native of St. Joseph County, and was born
in German Township, September 9, 183S. He is
a son of Samuel Jones, a pioneer farmer who
was a native of the Old Dominion, and Polly
(Pearson) Jones, a native of North Carolina.
Young Jones was born and reared on a farm
and imbibed all of those sturdy characteris-
tics that have made him a far seeing and
successful man. His early educat on was ob-
tained in the country schools, and in 1853 he
came to this city and attended the South Bend

SOUTH BEND

139

High school. He rounded out his education
with two years at Antioch College, at Yellow
Springs, Ohio, and then, for a time, taught
school. He gave up teaching to engage in

Agriculture. Mr. Jones was one of the or-
ganizers and the first President of the Northern
Indiana and Southern Michigan Agricultural
Society. He is one of the best known men in
St. Joseph County, and a public spirited citi-
zen. He is a Mason and a member of St. Jo-
seph Lodge. No. 45; a member of South Bend
Chapter, No. 29, and of South Bena Command-
ery, No. 13. Mr. Jones was married in 1860 to
Miss Maggie Wiley, and has two children,
Aaron Jones, Jr., and Mrs. Mary J. Ort. He re-
sides at No. 115 South Scott street.

CALVIN MOON.

Mr. Calvin Moon, the able and efficient
Superintenden* of the South Bend Public
schools, has occupied this important and re-
sponsible position since 1892, and during his
incumbency many beneficial improvements
have been made in the schools of the c ty. Mr.
Moon is a native of St. Joseph County, and was
born neai Lakeville, May 16, 1849. He is the
son of James Moon and Mary (James) Moon,
and his father was a farmer in that locality.
The young man was reared on the farm and
attended the district schools. He afterward
was a student of the Valparaiso Male and

AARON JONES.

agricultural pursuits and settled on a farm in
Penn Township, four miles from Mishawaka,
where he lived for twenty years engaged in
progressive farming. In 1882 Mr. Jones was
sleeted Auditor of St. Joseph County, and
moved with his family to this city. He served
four years, and in 1886 was reelected County
Auditor, serving until 1891, and giving to that
ofiice a thorough business administration. Mr.
Jones has always been a staunch republican in
politics, and is a gifted and forceful public
speaker. He was the republican candidate for
Secretary of State in 1892, and his friends
have many times insisted upon his accepting
other honors at the hands of his party, which
he has always declined. In 1877 Mr. Jones
with others, organized the Farmer's Mutual In-
surance Company, whose offices are located in
this city, and he has always been the secretary
of the company. The company is a most suc-
cessful one and carries over $2,500,000.00 in in-
surance, and has paid in losses over $101,000.00
Mr. Jones has always been a force in progress-
ive agriculture and is a member of the Indiana
State Grange, and State Master of the order.
He is Master of the National Grange, and
travels over the United States in its interests
He is president of the Indiana State Board of

CALVIN MOON.

Female College. For two years he was en-
gaged in teaching school and was then connect-
ed with the engineer corps which made the
preliminary survey for the Chicago and Canada

140

SOUTH BEND,

Southern Railroad, now known as the Wabash.
He was then selected County Superintendent
of Schools for St. Joseph County in 1878, and
served in that office fourteen years and one
month, when he resigned to accept the office of
City Superintendent. As an evidence of his
ability and the high esteem in which he is
held in the community, Mr. Moon was unani-
mously reelected to this office five times, thus
proving the absolute nonpartisanship of the
office. Under his superintendency of the city
schools the number of scholars has increased
from 3156 in 1892 to 4370 in 1899, and six hand-
some new school buildings and a public library
have been erected, while extensive additions
and improvements have been made in other
buildings. The schools of South Bend to-day
rank with any in the country, and Mr. Moon
gives undivided attention to them and has en-
deared himself alike to the scholars, the teach-
ers, the members of the board of education
and the community. He was married to Miss
Cynthia A. Stonehill, of this county, and has
a family of five sons, the oldest of whom.
James S. Moon, is connected with his father
in the office. He resides in a commodious
home located on Michigan avenue near Oliver
street.

D. D. BATES.
Among the prominent and successful attor-
neys practicing at the bar of St. Joseph County
must be mentioned the name of Mr. Demas D.
Bates, the junior member of the law firm of
Brick & Bates of this city. He is a native of
Indiana, and was born near Liberty, in St.
Joseph County, November 4, 1S65, and is a son
of Mr. Calvin Bates, who was a well known
farmer in that locality. Mr. Bates' early boy-
hood was spent upon the farm and he attended
the district schools and afterward taught school
in this county for nine years. During the in-
tervals of teaching he was a student at the
Northern Indiana Normal school at Valparaiso,
and graduated from the law department of that
institution in May, 1S93. He came to South
Bend and the following June commenced the
practice of his profession in this city, achiev-
ing a well deserved prominence and succes.?.
He was in business for himself until Septem-
ber, 1S99, when he formed a partnership with
Hon. Abraham L. Brick, under the style of
Brick & Bates. Mr. Bates was elected Justice
of the Peace of Liberty Township in 1S90, bu:
resigned to prosecute his studies, and in the fall
of 1S94 was elected to the same office in South
Bend, in which he served with marked ability
until 1898, when he resigned to accept the po-
sition of Referee in Bankruptcy for the 13th Dist-

rict tendered him by Judge Baker of the United
States District Court, and resigned this position
on connecting himself with Mr. Brick. In De-
cember, 1899, he was elected County Attorney,
which position he now holds. Mr. Bates has
always taken an interest in political affairs
ana during the campaign of 1898 was Chairman
of the Republican Central Committee and a
member of the Congressional Committee for the
Thirteenth District, and in 1900 was Treasurer
of the Central Committee. Mr. Bates is a care-
ful and conscientious attorney well grounded
in the law, and a leading practitioner at the
bar. The firm is known as corporation attor-
neys of prominence and acts as Counsel for the
Indiana Railway Company, and the Lake Erie
and Western Railway. Mr. Bates is highly
esteemed in the community and is a director of

D. D. BATES.

the Commercial-Athletic Club, and a member of
the Tribe of Ben Hur, the Modern Samaritans,
the Woodmen of the World and the Knights of
the Maccabees. He was married to Miss Lillie
Bennett, who died February 6, 1S96, leaving
him three children, and his present estimable
wife was Miss Edith E. Kiefer, of this city, by
whom he has two children. He resides with
his family in a pleasant home at No. 129 South
Laurel street.

DR. E. P. MOORE.

Dr. Edwin Percy Moore, one of the successful
medical practitioners of South Bend is a na-
tive of Prince Edwards Island, and was born
August 22, 1870. After passing through the

SOUTH BEND.

141

preliminary grades he attended the high school
at Charlotte, Prince Edwards Island, which is
known as the Prince of Wales College. After
finishing his academical studies he entered the

DR. E. P. MOORE.

medical department of the University of Penn-
sylvania and graduated from that institution
in May, 1893. He then received an appoint-
ment, on a competitive examination, to Howard
Hospital, Philadelphia. After three years prac-
tice of medicine in his native city he took a
post graduate course at Harvard College. Hav-
ing friends in South Bend, and desiring to find
a wider scope for his professional talents, Dr.
Moore came here in 1895, and since that time
has built up a successful and increasing prac-
tice. While making no specialty of any branch
of his profession he is an acknowledged author-
ity on diseases of the stomach, and is a surgeon
of skill and long experience. He is a gentle-
man eminently qualified by nature and inclina-
tion for his dignified and responsible calling,
and has won the esteem of his patients and the
community alike. Dr. Moore was married to
Miss Marion Lawson Walsh, and with his
family resides in a handsome home in one of
the most delightful sections of the city He
is a member of the leading medical societies
of the west, including the American, the In-
diana State, the St. Joseph County, and also
the societies of Canada and Prince Edwards
Island. He is a member of the Foresters' fra-
ternity, an Odd Fellow, W. O. W. and the
Knights and Ladies of Columbia, of which
latter order he is also the medical examiner.

DR. CHARLES STOLTZ.

Dr. Charles Stoltz has acquired an enviable
reputation as a physician of prominence and a
medical practitioner of rare skill and knowl-
edge. He is a native of Sumption Prairie, St.
Joseph County. Indiana, and was born January
17, 1864. His parents were of German an-
cestry, but were residents of France for years.
His family are essentially artisans in the higher
sense, and Dr. Stolz is the only one for gene-
rations who has shown a predeliction for pro-
fessional life. His father was among the early
settlers in this section of the state and was
well known in the community. The doctor
received his early education in the district
schools and afterward he took a two years
course at the Normal School at Valparaiso.
For five years he was a teacher, part of which
time he was principal of the Union Mills High
School, his principle forte being the study of
the sciences. After a year of study at th?
University of Indiana, at Bloomington, he at-
tended the College of Physicians and Surgeons
of Chicago, now the Medical Department of ths
University of Illinois, and graduated from that
institution in 1S93. He was the historian of his
class and a member of the executive committee,
and subsequently president of the Alumni
Association. For two years he was the assist

UK. CHARLES STOLTZ.

ant in the department of Embrylogy, and has
been recognized as an authority in that in-
teresting branch of the medical science. His
papers on this subject which have been read

142

SOUTH BEND.

before several of the leading medical societies
of the west have received universal attention
and materially added 10 his professional repu-
tation. He has also prepared a number of
papers on other subjects which have had wide
circulation. Dr. Stoltz is by nature and incli-
nation a physician of a high order, and in his
younger days, when engaged in other pursuits,
he studied medicine during tne intervals and
thus fitted himself for the more onerous studies
of the university. He is especially recognized
as an expert surgeon and obstetrician although
he has mastered every detail of his respon-
sible profession, and his patients are among the
leading families of the city and the surrounding
country. He is a member of the medical staff
of the Epworth Hospital and a lecturer on
Anatomy in the Training School for Nurses
attached to that institution He is also a mem-
ber of the American, the National, the Indiana
State, the Northern Tri-State and the St Jo-
seph County Medical societies, and served one
term as president of the latter body. He now
holds the responsible position of examiner for
a number of the leading old line life insurance
companies and is one of the best equipped
physicians in the local fraternity, having justly
earned his present prominence. He was
married to Miss Lillian Dunnahoo, of Warren,
Ind., and with his family, which consists of
one son, resides in a comfortable home at No.
423 West Water street. His offices are located
in the Tutt Building, corner of Main and Jeffer-
son streets.

Ward and served one term as Water Commis-
sioner. On January 3. 1900 .Governor Mount
appointed him as Police Commissioner and he
has proved a most efficient officer He is a

SAMUEL C LONTZ.

Mr. Samuel C. Lontz, of the firm of Miller &
Lontz, is a prominent business man of South
Bend and a public spirited citizen. Mr. Lontz
was born in the Cumberland Valley in Penn-
sylvania, March 14, 1847 and is the son of
Jonas Lontz, a typical German of the Keystone
state. He attended school in Summit County,
Ohio, and came to South Bend in 1S63 when
he was but sixteen years of age Here he at-
tended the public schools and afterward took
a thorough commercial course He first en-
gaged in the milling business with John H.
Keedy, now deceased, at the foot of Washington
street, after which he removed to Mishawaka
and connected himself with William and Jo-
seph Miller, who were engaged in the milling
business. After nine years experience at Mish-
awaka he formed a partnership with Joseph
Miller and engaged in the wood, coal, feed,
lime and cement business at the corner of
Michigan and Water streets in this city, where
they have built up a large and extensive busi-
ness. Mr. Lontz has served two terms as a
member of the City Council from the Fourth

SAMUEL C. LONTZ.

gentleman of strong characteristics and of
sterling abilities and business sagacity He wa,
married to Miss Jennie Martin of South Bend,
and with his family of two sons resides at No.
236 St. Louis s.treet.

BARNEY C. SMITH.

Mr. Barney C. Smith is one of the successful
business men of South Bend and is the senior
member of the firm of Smith & Jackson, whose
extensive plant is located at No. 609 Michigan
Avenue. Mr. Smith is a native of Germany,
and was bo;n January 25, 1845. He is the son
of Jacob Smith, and Catherine (Beach) Smith,
and when he was but one year of age his parents
came to America, and journeying west, located
on a farm near South Bend, in Union Town-
ship, St. Joseph County. Here his father died
in 1869. Mr. Smith received his education in
the vicinity of his home and was reared to the
rigors of a farmer's lite, tilling the soil, and
clearing the land in a new country In 1S75
he came to South Bend and for several years
was engaged in the lumber business with Mr.
Newton Jackson, the father of Mr. Charles H.
Jackson, with whom he is now associated in
business. Here he familiarized himself with
every essential detail of the lumber and planing

SOUTH BEND

143

mill business, and in 1887, he formed a part-
nership with the son ot his former employer,
under the name of Smith & Jackson, which now
holds a leading place among the important in-
dustries of this city. Their establishment is
one of the largest in the city and comprises
extensive yards, office, factory and planing mill
perfectly equipped with all the modern ma-
chinery adaptable to this line. The firm manu-
factures all kinds of lumber sash, doors,
blinds, shingles, and their business is very
large. Mr. Smith is an energetic business man
of progressive ideas and is a thoroughly public
spirited citizen. He is prominent in social and
fraternal life and is a Mason, Knight of
Pythias and Uniformed Rank, and is a member
of the Commercial-Athletic Club. On April 30.
1879, he was married to Mrs. Julia (Kimball)

years of age Mr. Miller came west and located
in Indiana, after which he engaged in business
at Mishawaka as a miller and has been actively
engaged since 1865. He married Martha Ann
Scott on October 3, 1844, and she is still living

V. "

BAKSEY C. SMITH.

Harmon, widow of Edwin Harmon and a
daughter of Freeman Kimball, and resides at
No. 521 North Scott street.

JOSEPH MILLER.

Mr. Joseph Miller, the senior member of the
firm of Miller & Lontz, wood, coal, feed, lime
and cement merchants, is a native of Pennsyl-
vania and comes of a long line of honorable
German ancestry. He was born in Lebanon
County .February 27, 1823, and his father, Henry
Miller, was a prominent farmer in that state
and his ancestors fought valiantly in the Revo-
lution and in the Mexican war. When fourteen

JOSEPH MILLER.

in excellent health. Two children were bor.i
to them, but one, a daughter, was drowned
in the St. Joseph river during a heavy freshei
which occurred in 1870, which washed away the
dam and bridges in the stream. Mr. Miller is
still strong and vigorous and attends to his
business despite his seventy-eight years and
enjoys all the comforts of life at his home No.
414 West Water street. He has been connected
with Mr. Lontz over thirty years, and their
extensive stores and warehouses are located
at the corner of Michigan and Water streets.

WILLIAM R. BAKER.

Mr. William R. Baker, the popular and suc-
cessful shoe merchant was born in this city
and is a son of Darwin H. and Catherine
(Roberts) Baker, tie was born October 21,
1861, and his father was a business man here
from 1852 until his death in 1891. Young
Baker received his education in the public
schools here and the high school, and for three
years was engaged as a clerk in a dry goods
store. He was then connected with his father s
boot and shoe business and has been identified
with it since. When his father died he as-
sumed charge of his interest, and in 1898 he
purchased the interest of his uncle, and changed

144

SOUTH BEND.

the firm to the present style, W. R. Baker &
Co. Mr. Baker is a progressive and energetic
business man, thoroughly conversant with all
the details of his business, and his handsome

\VM. 11. BAKER.

store is locaed at No. 114 West Washington
street He is a member of the Indiana Club
and of the Knights of Pythias . He is a direc-
tor of the Citizens National BanK and treasurer
of the Citizens Loan and Trust Company, and
a director in the Building and Loan Association
of South Bend. Mr. Baker was married to Miss
Anna Vinson of South Bend, but this estimable
lady died recently, leaving him with one little
girl. He is highly esteemed and one of the
most successful of the younger merchants of the
city.

LEO. ELIEL.

Mr. Leo Eliel, of this city, ranks deservedly
high as a pharmacist and is a prominent mem-
ber of the American Pharmaceutical Associa-
tion. Mr. Eliel is a native of Northern Ger-
many and was born October 26, 1845. His
father, Louis Eliel was a prominent physician
and came to Laporte, Ind., when his son, Leo,
was eleven years of age. Mr. Eliel received his
early education in Germany, and on coming to
Laporte he attended the public schools and
afterward engaged in the drug business. For
years he served a practical apprenticeship in
that profession. in 1873 he came to South Bend
and engaged in his chosen profession, and his
handsome pharmacy is located at the southeast

corner of Lafayette and Washington streets.
He also took a short course in the Purdue
University, at Laiayette, Ind., in the study of
chemistry and bacteriology. He has been a
member of the American Pharmaceutical Asso-
ciation for a number of years, and since 1891
has been the chairman of the committee on
Revision of the American Pharmacopaeia, one
of the most important comittees of that body.
He is also a member of the Indiana Pharma-
ceutical Association, and is a most thorough
analyist, chemist and pharmacist. He is a
member of the Masonic fraternity and of the
Commercial-Athletic Club. Mr. Eliel enjoys

I.EO. EIJKL.

a high reputation among the leading members
of the medical profession and has won the con-
fidence and esteem of the community.

CHARLES COONLEY.

Mr. Charles Coonley, the well known phar-
macist of South Bend, whose popular estab-
lishment is located at the corner of Michigan
and Washington streets, is a native of this city
and was born in the same block where his
store now stands, May 29, 1849 He is the son
of Benjamin and Emily (Merriman) Coonley.
and his father came here in 1847 and engaged
in the mercantile business. He attended the
public schools and when he was eighteen years
of age he engaged in the nursery business with
a prominent house in St. Louis and later be-
came a partner in the business, and traveled

SOUTH BEND

145

through Missouri, Texas and Arkansas. In
1873 he was connected witn his brother, who
was in the drug business nere, and afterwards
became the sole proprietor. Mr. Coonley took

CHABLES COONLEY.

a course in chemistry at the University of
Michigan and afterward studied one season at
Hanover, Germany. He is a thorough chemist
and his store is one of the best fitted and
stocked in South Bend He is also the proprie
tor of the Coonley Remedy Company, which
compounds a variety of standard remedies. Mr.
Coonley is a business man of high standing
and widely esteemed in the community. He is
a member of the Commercial-Athletic Club. He
was married to Miss Grace Listenberger an:!
with his family, consisting of one son and
daughter, resides at No. 311 West Colfax avenue.

KLIAK1M BRIGGS.

Mr. Eliakim briggs, whose death occurred in
this city on September 19. 1861, was one of
the earliest and most prominent of our citi-
zens and may be said to have been the firsi
to establish a manufacturing industry in this
city. This was in 1841 when South Bend was
but a struggling village of but 500 inhabitants,
and gave but little promise of the energetic
city it has sine become. Mr. Briggs was a
native of New York and was born in Washing-
ton County, in that state, August 3, 1795. On
leaching man's estate he removed to Fort Cov-
ington, in Franklin County, N. Y., where he

was engaged in the foundry business for several
years, during which time he was engaged in
perfecting his invention, which was known as a
traveling threshing machine, and which he
afterward manufactureu very extensively. In
1836 Mr. Briggs, who desired to seek a more
promising and wider field for his labors, de-
cided to come west and temporarily located
at Dayton. Ohio, which he had previously
visited. With his family he traveled by wagon
and boat and after several stoppages on the
journey he arrived at Columbus, Ohio, where
he spent a short time with his brother, Dr.
James Briggs, who was practicing his profes-
sion in that city. He then pursued his journey
to Dayton, where he at once engaged in busi-
ness with Thomas Clegg, and the firm manufac-
tured the threshing machines, the invention
of Mr. Briggs. He remained in Dayton about
three years and was one of its foremost citi-
zens, when he removed to Richmond, Ind.,
where he was engaged in business about one
year. In the fall of 1841 he came to Soutn
Bend, and resided here until his lamented
death. His first residence was located at th;>
Northeast corner of Michigan and Jefferson
streets, and he erected his factory on the lot
immediately adjoining on the north, where he
used a wind mill to furnish the motive power

ELIAKIM BRIG! IS.

for his works. Here he remained until 1844,
when his increasing business necessitated a re-
moval to a more commodious building, and he
erected his factory at the southwest corner of

146

SOUTH BEND

Wayne street and Vistula avenue, and these
buildings were only removed during the past
year. Mr. Briggs removed his residence to the
large frame building at the northwest corner
of Wayne street and Vistula avenue. He em-
ployed a large force of men and many of the
older citizens of South Bend, who afterward
became prominent in business, were employed
by him. The traveling threshing machine was
very popular and in great demand and farmers
from Indianapolis, Richmond, Lafayette ana
other points came here to order or purchase
machines, and were most hospitably entertain-
ed at the home of the genial and generous man-
ufacturer. His home was always open to his
friends and he was known as a most affable
and liberal hearted man. Mr. Briggs was one
of the most energetic and pushing of men. So-
cial and hospitable, his home was always the
resort of his farmer customers and of traveling
ministers of the Universalist faith, and he
never wearied in entertaining his numerous
and appreciative visitors. His warm hearted
sympathy with the suffering and oppressed
early led him to espouse the cause of the slaves
of the South, and as an ardent Abolitionist he
contributed liberally to the operations of what
was known as the "underground railroad."
Death came before he realized the great desire
of his heart, the liberty of the slave, and the
removal of the curse of slavery from the land.
Mr. Briggs was married to Miss Rosina Allen,
of Chateaguay, Franklin County, N. Y., who
was a most estimable lady, and who survived
him but one year. He had a family of five
children four of whom are still living, among
whom is Mrs. Janette Reynolds, of this city,
widow of the late Major Ethan S. Reynolds, a
prominent citizen of South Bend. His death
was mourned by a large circle of friends, and
his memory still lives with many of our honor-
ed citizens who knew and loved him for his
many virtues and manly qualities.

DWIGHT DEMING.

Mr. Dwight Deming, whose sudden and la-
mented death occurred on September 26, 1880,
was one of the best known business men in this
city and in Northern Indiana. He was a man
of forceful character, of progressive ideas and
always cherished a warm regard for South
Bend and its people. Mr. Deming was a native
of Vermont, and was born at Castleton, in that
state, February 16, 1824. He was the son of
the late Judge John J. Deming, who came to
Mishawaka in 1834 and who was one of the
most influential factors in the growth and de-
velopment of that city. With Col. John H. Orr,
J. E. Hollister and Phil. Hurd, Judge Deming

organized the old St. Joseph Iron Co., for the
manufacture of iron from the bog ore found in
large quantities in that locality, and later he
was elected Probate Judge, which office he
held until 1856, when he removed to Califor-
nia, where he died. Dwight Deming received
an excellent education, and at the age of
22 years was married to Miss Cornelia Nicar.
a daughter of the late Robert B. Nicar, who
at one time was County Treasurer of St. Jo-
seph County. Mr. Deming taught school at
Mishawaka for a short time when he came to
South Bend and engaged in the drug, book and
stationery business. In 1856 he returned home
and engaged in the hardware business with his
father-in-law under the firm name of R. B.
Nicar & Co. After the war and the return of

DWIGHT DEMING.

Capt. Edwin Nicar, the father disposed of his
interest to nis sons Edwin and Virginius, and
the firm was changed to Nicar, Deming & Co.
Later Virginius Nicar retired and the firm be-
came Deming & Nicar until 1874, when Mr.
Deming retired with a competency. He pur-
chased the old "Exchange" property on Mich-
igan street and transformed it into a handsome
hotel, which he called the Dwight House,
which was the leading hotel in this city in its
day, and which was under the management of
Mr. Deming himself. Mr. Deming was also
interested in the erection of the "Lincoln
Block" on Michigan street wnich was the most
imposing business block on the street. During
the panic of 1873 he suffered serious losses,

SOUTH BEND

it;

but with undiminished courage and unflagging
energy he sought to rebuild his shattered for-
tunes. He went to California at the suggestion
of his brother-in-law, Charles Crocker, the Pa-
cific coast millionaire, but his love for South
Bend proved too strong for him to remain
away, and he soon returned here, where he
successfully engaged in the wood, coal and lime
business and soon commanded an extensive
trade. While engaged in tnis business he was
taken suddenly ill and died of valvular dis-
ease of the heart. Mr. Deming was a public
spirited citizen and an active politician. He
was elected by the Republican party as County
Commissioner in 1872 and later was chosen
for the same office by the Democrats and was
County Commissioner at the time of his death.
He was also elected to represent the Fourth
Waid in the city council, and at one time was
a candidate for Mayor of the city. Mr. Deming
was always an active and progressive business
man and was warmly esteemed by the entire
community of South Bend who knew and
appreciated his many sterling qualities, and
who sincerely mourned his death. Mr. Dem-
ing left surviving him a widow and six chil-
dren. An only son, George, died in Chicago in
1869, and his widow and a daughter, Mrs
Wayne McMichael, have since died, and the re-
maining descendents of Mr. Deming are, Mrs
C. G. Hudnutt, Mrs. A. H. Kelley, and Mrs. F.
Louis Stedman, of this city, and the youngest
daughter Kate, who is married and resides at
Rhineland, Wis.

H. W. KREIGHBAUM.

Elder Hiram W. Kreighbaum, treasurer 01
the Wells & Kreighbaum Manufacturing Com-
pany, builders of extension and parlor tables,
at No. 1306 South High street, is a native of the
Buckeye state and was born on a farm, near
the line of Summit and Starke Counties, near
Akron, Ohio, September 18, 1846. Mr. Kreigh-
baum comes of Pennsylvania ancestry, although
his father, William K. Kreighbaum, was born
on the farm where he first saw the light of
day. His mother, Rufina (Markel) Kreigh-
baum, was a most estimable lady, and brought
her son up in the light of true Christianity.
When he was but six years of age his parents
removed to Elkhart County, Indiana, on a
farm two miles south of the city of Elkhart,
which was then, in 1852, a straggling hamlet
with but six small stores. The Lake Shore &
Michigan Southern Railroad had been built but
a year previous, and the country, sparsely set-
tled, teemed with wild game. The farm upon
which the family located was upon the old stage
road east and west. Here young Kreighbaum

was reared. He worked on the farm in the
summer and attended the country schools in
the winter, receiving such an education as did
the country boy of a half century ago. In the
spring of 1871, or when he was twenty-five
years of age, Mr. Kreighbaum married Miss
Mariella W. Wenger, the only daughter of Mr.
Martin L. Wenger, a pioneer settler of St. Jo-
seph County, whose farm of 160 acres is now a
part of the city of South Bend, and upon which
is located the large manufacturing plant with
which Mr. Kreighbaum is now identified.
When Mr. Kreighbaum located here on a farm,
South Bend had but few over 7,000 people, and

H. W. KREIGHBAUM.

for several years he sold milk through the
village and knew nearly every resident. In the
fall of 1879 he bought a large farm south of
the city and built a saw mill, and was for
several years engaged in the lumber and saw
mill business. In February, 1882, Mr. Kreigh-
baum, who is a member of the Society of
Dunkards, was elected to the ministry of the
German Baptist Brethern, and since that time
has been active in the pulpit. In 1895 he built
a substantial residence on Vistula Avenue,
where he now resides. In 1900 he was elected
treasurer of the Wells & Kreighbaum Manufac-
turing Company, ot which he had been a stock-
holder since 1898. The enterprise is one of the
large and representive ones of our city. Mr.
Kreighbaum for a number of years taught vo-
cal music at Elkhart and Harris' Ferry, before
coming to South Bend.

148

SOUTH BEND.

ISAAC GORSUCH.

One of the oldest and one of the most highly
esteemed among the early merchants of this
city is Mr. Isaac Go; such, who, although he has
passed the venerable po nt of four score years.

/m w\

private interests. He early saw the advantages
of Washington street as a residence thorough-
fare, and was among the first to build a home
on that beautiful avenue. Mr. Gorsuch was
twice married, his first wife being Miss Ma:y
Gass, of Dayton, Ohio who died, and his pre-
sent wife was M'ss Maria Forbes, of St. Joseph,
Michigan. He has one son, Wilber E. Gorsuch.
who is a prosperous farmer. Mr. Gorsuch was
one of the early memoers of the First Methodist
church of this city, and still takes an active
interest in its affairs. His pleasant home is
located at No. 709 West Washington street,
and here amid the comforts of domestic lit3,
he is enjoying the fruits of his labors, and the
esteem and friendship of the community in
which he has so long been an honored resident.

HON. WILLIAM MILLER.

Hon. William Miller, the honored president
of the South Bend National Bank, whose death
occurred in this city. February 21. 1901. at his
home, No. 321 Noith Michigan street, was well
known in this community and was one of its
most highly esteemed citizens. He was a na-
tive of Pennsylvania, and was born in Lebanon
County. March 16, 1821. Mr. Miller's ancestry

ISAAI GORSUl II.

is still in the enjoyment of excellent health and
vigor. Mr. Gorsuch is a native of Maryland,
and was born near Baltimore on February 1.
1818. He is a son of Elijah uorsueh, a well
known shoe manufacturer in that locality, and
of Savannah (Gore) Gorsuch. When he was
but ten years of age his parents removed to
the West, traveling in wagons over the moun-
tains and plains, and located in Dayton. Ohio.
Here the young man attended school, and after-
ward learned the trade his father had followed
before him. Mr. Gorsuch came to South Beni
in 1847, when this city was in its infancy, and
at once engaged in the shoe business for him-
self on Michigan street between Washington
street and Colfax avenue. He early imbibed a
firm confidence in the future development of
South Bend, and with keen foresight pui-
chased several tracts of land on the outskirts,
but which have long since become a part of
the growing city. Time proved the wisdom of
his course, and he has realized his most san-
guine expectations in the advancement of real
estate values. He is the owner of Gorsuch's
Addition in the Southwestern part of the city,
and of other valuable properties. He retired
from active business in 1870, and since that
time has devoted himself to the care of his

WILLIAM MTLLER.

is German, and his great-grandparents came
to America early in the seventeenth century
and fought in the war of the revolution. They
were sturdy and piosperous farmers, and

SOUTH BEND.

149

Henry Miller, his father, followed the same
vocation. In 1837 Mr. Miller's father came
west with his family, traveling the entire dis-
tance in wagons, and located in Portage Town-
ship, which is now a portion of the city of
South Bend, and afterward removed to Beriian
County, Michigan. Mr. Miller spent his early
years on the farm, and was but sixteen years
of age when his father came to this county.
His early education was acquired in the coun-
try schools. He first commenced his business
career in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, where he
obtained a position as clerk, and on coming
to South Bend he filled similar positions, but
in 1849 he made the overland journey to the
gold fieids of California, where he remained
three years. Returning again to this city, he
was engaged on the Illinois Central Railroad
ia the construction of that portion of the line
fiom the Calumet river to Kankakee, Illinois,
which occupied his time until 1854. After that
he was engaged in the milling business, pur-
chasing the old Henricks' hour mill, until 1869,
when he retired and entered the office of the
old Bank of the State of Indiana, which he aft-
erward incorporated as the South Bend Nation-
al Bank, and With whose progress and develop-
ment he was prominently identified until his
death. He was cashier of the bank for over
twenty years, and afterward became its presi-
dent, which important position he held when
he died. For three years he was president of
the Peninsular Railroad, now part of the Indi-
ana Division of the Grand Trunk system. He
was also piesident of the Mishawaka Paper and
Pulp Company, and was interested in a number
of other business enterprises. He was twice
elected Mayor of the city, most ably performing
the duties of that exacting office, and was a
most important factor in the adoption of the
present water works system. He served as a
member of the City Council, and ever labored
in the interests of the city. He was an able
business man of the nighest type, a public
spirited citizen, and enjoyed the esteem of the
entire community. Mr. Miller was married
three times, but his wife died several years
before him, and he lett several children surviv-
ing him. His death was deeply depioied by all.

HORATIO P. BLAIR

Mr. Horatio P. Blair, who may justly be
termed one of the fathers of the present low
pressure steam heating system and the utiliza-
tion of exhaust steam, has been engaged in busi-
ness in South Bend since 1894. He was born at

Collinsville, Hartford County, Conn., October
2S, 18o9, and is the son of Charles and Eunice
(Blodgettl Blair. He attenued the public
schools there and assisted his father in his
shop and at the forge. In 1854 his father made
the pikes for the famous John Brown, of Osa-
watomie, and which he designed for use in
his historical raid, and young Horatio assisted
in drawing these pikes under the trip hammer.
At the age of eighteen he started in life for
himself as a ckrk in a store at Muscatine,
Iowa, but in the same year returned home and
engaged as a clerk in the hardware business
in Hartford. In 1860 he started in the steam
heating business in Hartford and remained
there for twelve years, and studied at night to
perfect himself in his profession. He then

noiiATio p. ULAIR.

went to Boston and was engineer for Walker,
Pratt & Co. for eight years, passing tnrough
the great fire of that city. In 1880 he was
connected in a similar capacity with E. H.
Cooke & Co. and worked at Rochester and El-
mira, N. Y., until 1886, when Mr. Cook died,
and he came to Chicago, and took charge of
the branch there He was also engineer for
Edward P. Bates of Syracuse, N. Y., and in
1894 he came to South Bend where he has cince
been engaged in business. Mr. Blair was
engaged in building the large works of the
Danvers, Mass., Insane Asylum, the new Peni-
tentiary at Concord Mass., also tne heating ana
plumbing of the State Capitol at Hartford, Ct
He also worked in the same line on the mag-

150

SOUTH BEND.

nificent Capitol building at Albany, N. Y., the
Ogdensburg anu Mattewan Insane Asylums,
and was the engineer for the Board of Trade
building in Chicago, and the new House of
Parliament in Toronto, Can. Later he was the
engineer tor the great Cupple s warenouses in
St. L,ouis, the largest plant of its kind in th^
world, and for a number of important build-
ings anu plants extending from Prince Edwards
Island to the Pacific Coast, and in all has bee-i
successful. In South Bend Mr. Blair has put
in the heating plants of the Oliver Opera House,
the magnificent new Oliver Hotel, and has
thoroughly remodeled the heating system at
the works of the Studebaker Bros. Mfg. Co.,
St. Mary's Academy, and supplied the plumb-
ing and steam heating for the new Court
House. Prior 10 coming here he was also en-
gineer for the mammoth Gilbert Car Works
at Troy, N. Y. Mr. Blair is a thorough en-
gineer and is one of the pioneers of the present
systems of steam and hot water heating, and
he has trained some of the most successful
men in this line in the east. Not until ha
came to South Bend was Mr. Blair engaged
in the plumbing and gas fitting business, but.
finding it a necessity, he added it as a branch
of his former line, and has furnished some of
the finest residences here Mr. Blair is asso-
ciated in business with Mr. David Westbury,
who for years acted as his able superintendent.
Mr. Blair is a gentleman who has won the
esteem of the entire community. In early
years he was active in politics and was the
originator of the famous "Lincoln Wide
Awakes," and president of the first meeting of
the original "38," the first uniformed body that
ever took part in a political parade. He was
married to Miss Elizabeth Powers, of Hartford,
Conn., and resides at Mishawaka.

W. A. RUTHERFORD.

The present treasurer of tne City of Soutii
Bend, Mr. William A. Rutherford, is an invalu-
albe official whose efficient and conscientious
services are recognized by the entire com-
munity, and who has been retained in his res-
ponsible position for three successive term.-.
Mr. Rutherford is a native of St. Joseph
County, and was born October 16, 1850. His
father Jessie V. Rutherford, was identified
witn the mercantile interests of the city for
many years and was well known in this com-
munity. Young Rutherford's education was ac-
quired in the public schools of this city, and
after leaving rchool he was identified with the
business of photography for nearly five years.
After that he was successfully connected with
the grocery business and proved himself a wise,

energetic and prosperous merchant. In 1892
the citizens of South Bend elected him to the
office of City Treasurer, and so ably has he
performed the duties of that responsible and
honorable office that he has retained and in-
creased the confidence of the people who have
insisted in retaining him in office ever since.
He has been twice re-elected ana each year of
his incumbency of the office adds to his popu-

W. A. KUTITEKFOKD.

larity The annual receipts of the office
amount to over half a million dollars and the
business, under his management, is conducted
with the promptness and strict business meth-
ods of a National Bank. Mr. Rutherford was
married to Miss Jennie Bucker, of South Bend,
and resides in a pretty home at No. 322 North
Michigan street.

W. B. HOLLINGSWORTH.

Mr. W. B. Hollingsworth, the president of
the City Ice Company of South Bend, has been
connected with the ice business in varioti3
capacities for a number of years, and thorough-
ly understands every detail of the business and
the production of artificial ice. He was bom
in Rush County, Indiana, January 19, 1S62, the
son of Valentine and Mary (Reid) Hollings-
wortn. He attended the Spiceland Academy,
in Henry County, and his first essay in business
was as a traveling salesman for a prominent
candy manufacturer in Indianapolis, and after-

SOUTH BBND.

151

ward lie engaged in the ice business in that
city with Mr. A. Caylor. He was also interested
in the management o£ the City Ice Company
and organized the Artificial Ice and Cold

W. B. HOLliINGSWOKTII.

Storage Company at Indianapolis, o£ which he
had entire charge. Mr. Hollingsworth came to
South Bend in 1896 as manager of the Maxin-
kuckee Ice Company, and remained with that
enterprise until its consolidation with the pre-
sent corporation whoses president he now is.
He is a business man of sterling worth and ex-
perience and has managed the affairs of the
company with skill and energy. He was
married in 1887 to Miss Hattie A. Hinshaw, of
Knightstown, Henry County, Indiana, and re-
sides at No. 229 South William street.

CHARLES STEELE.
Mr. Charles Steele has been prominently
identified with the advancing commercial in-
terests of South Bend for more than a quarter
of a century and is a successful merchant and
manufacturer He is a native of Canajoharie,
N. Y., and was born August 11, 1845. His father,
John Steele, was a contractor and builder
in that locality. He was educated in the publio
schools of his native town, r.nd there also
learned the trade of harness maker beginning
in 1862. He was a volunteer in the war of the
Rebellion and enlisted in the 193rd New York
Regiment, in 1867 Mr. Steele left his old homn
and went to Chicago where he worked at his

trade and in the spring of 1870 he removed
to Dowagiac, Mich., where he founded the firm
of Heath & Steele, which continued in business
two years, and in 1872 removed to South Bend.
The firm occupied a frame building on the
ground where the Tribune Store is now, which
burned in 1873, and then bought the building
now occupied by the Tribune Company, and
afterward located in the present building ar.
132 North Main street The firm was dissolved
in 1885 and Mr. Steele has conducted the busi-
ness since that time. In 1891 Mr. Steele pur-
chased the plant of the Standard Gig Saddlerv
Company, of Jackson Mich., which he removed
during the same year to South Bend Here he
formed a stock company under the style of the
Steele & Hovey Mfg. Co., and in connection with
patent leather they added the manufacture of
harness. The factory was located on the race,
and in the spring of 1892 Mr. Steele disposed of
his interest and afterward the South Bend
Saddlery Company was formed. In 1895 tb.3
plant was purchased by the Studebaker Bros.
Mfg. Co. Mr. Steele owns and occupies his
present building which contains an extensive
stock of high grade harness, whips, blanket.3,
horse goods of every variety, trunks, satchels
and saddlery hardware He is an extensive
manufacturer of and wholesale dealer in sad-

CHAELES STEELE.

dlery hardware and horse dress goods and
makes a specialty of a high grade of custom,
harness, and is also a wholesale and retail
mei-chant whose trade extends from New York

152

SOUTH BEND

to Nebraska. Mr. Steele is a practical and en-
ergetic business man and gives his personal
supervision to every detail and department of
his large and increasing business. He is one
of the most energetic and reliable merchants
in this city and has earned his present promi-
nence and commercial success by his own
efforts. He is a puolic spirited citizen and a
member of the Odd Fellows fraternity and o(
Norman Eddy Post, G. A. R. He was married
to Miss Henrietta Moon whose father, John
Moon, was one of the early pioneers of Indiana
and settled in this county, where he assisted
in building the old Michigan plank roao..

JOSIAH P. PEED.

Mr. Josiah P. Reed, the present County Re-
corder of St. Joseph County, is a representative

JOSIAH P. REED.

Indiana gentleman of the progressive type. He
was born in Liberty Township, St. Joseph
County. January 15, 1851, and his father, J )hn
Reed, was one of the pioneer farmers of this
section, having emigrated from Starke Couin f,
Ohio, in 1847. The son was educated in the
district schools and worked on the farm until
he was twenty-three years of age, and then he
took a course of studies at the Valparaiso Col-
lege. He was a studious scholar and taught in
the district schools of Union Township for
several years, after which he engaged in the
mercantile business at Lakeville, under the
firm name of Reed & Shanower He was ap-
pointed Post Master at Lakeville by President

Harrison, and was afterward connected with
the Vandalia railroad for two years. In 189.'.
Mr. Hildebrand was elected County Recorder
and appointed Mr. Reed as his deputy, which
office he so ably filled, that at the next election,
upon Mr. Hildebrand declining to be a candi-
date, Mr Reed was nominated and elected.
He has filled the ardous and responsible du-
ties of the office with ability and fidelity and
has won the regard of all who know him or
have had occasion to transact business with
his office. He is a plain man of the people,
a conscientious official and an energetic citizen
In earlier years he was chosen as Township
Trustee of Union Township for two terms.
Mr. Reed was married to Miss Frances Crocker,
of Lakeville, and has two children, and resides
at TOT Sherman avenue.

G. R. SUMMERS.

Mr. Gabriel Rush Summers, the well knowT
manufacturer of sovereign remedies, and for
many years engaged in the drug business in
this city, is a native of St. Joseph County and
has been associated with the commercial in-
terests of South Bend for over twenty years.
He was born at New Carlisle, March 13. 1857,
and his father, Edward Summers, was a suc-
cessful farmer in that locality He received his
early education at the University of Notre
Dame, and afterward removed to Clay Town-

G. It. SIMMERS.

ship, where he has resided ever since. Foranum-
ber of years he was engaged in the agricultural

SOUTH BEND

153

implement business at Walkerton, Ind., and
afterward was associated with E. R. Vander-
hoof, in the drug business in South Bend for
five years. For about twenty years he has been
engaged in the manufacture of proprietary
medicines, under the firm name of E. R. Van-
aerhoof & Co., and their splendidly equipped
laboratory is located at No. 219% North Lafay-
ette street, and for the past five years he has
been in control of its extensive and increasing
business. Mr. Summers is an active and en-
ergetic business man, and is well known in the
community t or several years he served as
Trustee for Clay Township, and has always
taken a deep interest in public affairs. He is
fraternally associated with the Royal Arca-
num, K. 0. T. M. and the Foresters. He was
married to Miss Mercy A. Longley, and with
his estimable wife and child resides on a fine
farm in Clay Township.

EDWARD. F. DUBAIL.

Among the more prominent gentleman at
present engaged in the real estate business in
this city must be mentioned the name of Mr.
Edward F. Dubail, who has been an important
factor in the material development of South
Bend and the vicinity. Mr. Dubail was bora

business in which he was quite successful.
Realizing the possibilities of the growth and
advancement of South Bend, in 1892 Mr. Du-
bail decided to engage in the real estate busi-
ness and has continued in that vocation ever
since. He was identified with the location and
sale of the Bowman Place Addition, Bowman's
Addition to the town of Myler, and Dubail's
First Addition, and numerous other important,
transactions in local realty He is also exten-
sively engaged in the mortgage, loan and in-
vestment business, and in this connection re-
presents some of the leading citizens and
financial institutions. He is the agent for the
Norwich Union, of England; the American
Central, of St. Louis; St. Paul Fire and Marine
Ins. Co.; Northwestern National Indemnity, of
New York; Franklin, of Indiana, and the Lon-
don Assurance Corporation, and Palatine In-
surance Company of England, and is con-
nected with the South Bend Electric Company.
His office is located in the Nippold Building,
131 North Main street, with a branch office at
411 South Chapin street. He was married to
Miss Grace A. Bowman, of South Bend, and
with his family, consisting of his son, Donald
Edward Dubail, ten years old, resides at No.
1S49 South Michigan street.

EDWARD P. Dli.uA IL.

in this city November 17, 1867, and his father,
Peter Dubail, Sr., is well known in this com-
munity. He received a liberal education in this
city and afterward engaged in the grocery

SAMUEL ADLER.

One of the most prominent and successful
merchants in this city is Mr. Samuel Adler,
whose handsome store is located at Nos. 107
and 109 South Michigan street, and No. 10S
West Washington street. He has been, con-
nected with the mercantile business of. South
Bend since 1870, when as a boy, sixteen years
of age, he was connected with firm of M.
Livingston & Co., as a clerk. In a few years
he was admitted to a partnership in the busi-
ness, and in 1883 he severed his connection with
this house, and with his brother, Moses Adler,
established the firm of Adler Bros., which con-
tinued until 1S91, when Moses Adler died, and
Samuel purchased his interest and assumed full
control of the extensive and increasing busi-
ness. To-day Mr. Adler is one of the leading
clothiers and furnishers in this city, and also
ranks among the most important merchant
tailors. The building and basement which lie
occupies is filled with a choice line of cloths,
clothing, furnishing goods, and hats and caps,
all of the latest and newest designs. The trade
of the establishment extends to all parts of the
surrounding country where the name of Samuel
Adler is a guarantee of excellence and moderate
cost. Mr. Adler is a highly respected business
man and a merchant of worth and standing

154

SOUTH BEND.

and has earned his present success by his own
energy and straightforward business methods.
He was married to Miss Fannie Goldsmith, a

SAMUEL ADI.ER.

most estimable lady, from Aurora, 111., and re-
sides at No. 1012 West Washington street.

brother, Levi, in the dry goods business under
the firm name of L. Chesnutwood & Co., and
the brothers also conducted a warehouse and
produce business in the same name. After
three years Mr. Chesnutwood separated from
his brother and took charge of the warehouse,
which he managed for three years when the
building fell in and he retired from that busi-
ness. In 1S51 he came to South Bend, bringing
with him a stock of goods opened a gen-
eral store at No. 117 South Michigan street.
He disposed of this business after a short time
and then engaged in the saw mill business near
Sumption Prairie, which he conducted for
nearly three years. He served as township as-
sessor for three years and then engaged in the
lumber business with John Hammond, under
the firm name of J. Hammond & Co., and
afterwards ran a planing mill on the ground
where the Singer Mfg. Co.'s plant is now lo-
cated. In 1858 he was elected Recorder of St.
Joseph County and served two terms, and was
then appointed Collector of Internal Revenue
for the Ninth District by President Grant. He
served in this office for six years when the
Ninth and Tenth districts were consolidated
and he retired. He then established a cigar
manufactory, which he conducted for four

R. J. CHESNUTWOOD.

For nearly half a century the name of Mr.
Reese Jones Chesnutwood has been associated
with the commercial and official history of this
city. Mr. Chesnutwood has honorably passed
the venerable period of four score years and is
still in the enjoyment of health and vigor. He
is a sturdy scion of that rare old Pennsylvania
ancestry which has given to the western
country so many sterling examples of sturdy
manhood and the best types of progressive
citizenship. Mr. Chesnutwood, or as he is
more familiarly known, Judge Chesnutwood,
was bom near the city of Reading, in Berks
County, Pennsylvania, May 17, 1816. He is the
son of Abraham Chesnutwood, a well known
farmer in that locality, and Sarah (Jonesi
Chesnutwood. In 1828 he came with his
parents to Starke County, Ohio, where his
father located on a farm in the woods near
Canton, Ohio. In 1834 Mr. Chesnutwood went
to Massillon. Ohio, where he learned the
trade of a tanner, but his health becoming im-
paired he was released from his indentures, and
entering a hardware store in that city he work-
ed for four years He then engaged with his

K. J. CHESNUTWOOD.

years, and in 1884 he was elected Justice of
the Peace, in which office he served until 1892
when he retired from active business alto-
gether. Mr. Chesnutwood was always a man

SOUTH BEND,

155

of strong characteristics, and was a prominent
factor in public affairs. He is well known and
highly esteemed in the community. He was
married in 1842 to Miss Martha A. Fisher, a
native of Philadelphia, who is now deceased,
and his family consists of a son, R. J. Chesnut-
wood, Jr., and a daughter, Mrs. Sarah F. Tay-
lor, the wife of Thaddeus Taylor, of this city.
Mr. Chesnutwood has lived a life of activity
and honor, and his declining years are marked
by the loving care of his children, and the
warm regard of his fellow citizens and hosts
of friends in South Bend. He resides with his
daughter at No. 121 North Lafayette street.

ELMER E. WELLS.
Mr. Elmer E. Wells, president of the Wells &
Kreighbaum Manufacturing Company, manu-
facturers of fine extension and parlor tables,
No. 1306 South High street, is a native of the
Empire state and was Dorn at Avoca, Steuben

ELMER E. WELLS.

County, N. Y., April 24, 1861 He was the son
of Alva Wells and Marietta (Smith) Wells.
When but five years of age his parents came
to South Bsnd, where his father was widely
known as a manufacturer for many years.
Young Wells was educated in the public schools
of this city, and in 1876 began active business
with his father in the manufacture of interior
finish and wood work under the style of A.
Wells & Son. This partnership continued for
twenty years, when it was succeeded by the
Wells Manufacturing Company. In 189S the

Wells & Kreighbaum Manufacturing Company
was organized and incorporated with Mr. Wells
as President, which responsible position he
now holds. The enterprise of which he is th-3
head is one of the large industrial concerns ol
our city and one that is truly typical of South
Bend in push, growth ana enterprise. Mr.
Wells is a careful and energetic business man
and a citizen of usefulness. He was married
in 1883 to Miss Lydia Folk, of St. Joseph
County, and resides in a pretty home at No.
1505 South Michigan street.

DR. SAMUEL WHITEHALL.

Dr. Samuel Whitehall, the president of the
Dr. Whitehall Megrimine Company, and the
originator and inventor of the celebrated and
efficacious lemedies prepared by the company,
is an eminent physician and chemist of long
experience and practice in both professions.
Dr. Whitehall is a native of Indiana, and was
born at Attica, May 26, 1847. His father, Dr.
A. L. Whitehall, was a practicing physician in
that section of the state, and the son naturally
imbibed a taste and inclination for the art
curative. He attended the public schools of his
native town, and later was a student at the
University of Michigan, from which he giadu-
ated in 1872, in the Departments of Medicine
and Applied Chemistry. He is also a graduate
of the Eclectic Medical Institute of Cincinnati,
Ohio. After receiving his degree he practiced
his profession at Attica tor four years, and for
the same length of time he was located at
Niles, Mich. He then returned to Attica and
piacticed for a time, but lacer engaged in the
drug business there. Dr. Whitehall had always
made a specialty of the treatment of neivous
disorders and headaches, and the preparation
of the Megrimine Remedies was the result of
years of close study and application. Their
successful operation in his practice induced
him to seek a wider fieid of ministiation, and
he came to South Bend in 1888 and organized
the Dr. Whitehall Megrimine Company, which
has been in successful operation ever since.
The company manufactures a number of stand-
ard remedies which are known and used ex-
tensively throughout the country with most
beneficial results, chief of which are "Dr.
Whitehall's Megrimine" and "Dr. Whitehall's
Rheumatic Cure," which are prepared under
his personal direction. 1'ne former is an in-
stant and positive cure for headaches and neu-
ralgia, and is absolutely fiee from all danger-
ous narcotics. The Rheumatic Cure is a
prompt and effectual cure for rheumatism and

156

SOUTH BEND

gout, destroying the poison in the blood and
eliminating it from the system. The office ot
the company is in the Oliver Opera House
block. Dr. Whitehall is also the inventor ot a

..« &

perous farmer in that locality and the young
man received a liberal education in the public
schools of Hazelton, Pa., and afterward at
Dickson Academy, in the City of Williams-
port. He pursued his medical studies in the
Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia, and
graduated in the class of 1881. After his
graduation he came to South Bend, where he
practiced for a year, and then returned east,
where he remained for five years, but realiz-
ing the possibilities of the west, he returned
to this city in 1887 and since that time has
been in successful practice in South Bend and
the vicinity. Dr. Hill is a prominent physician
and surgeon and occupies an honored position
in his chosen profession. He is the secretary
of the Board of Health of St. Joseph County
and is the medical examiner for a number of
the leading life insurance companies of the
country. He is also a member of the American
Medical Association, and of the Indiana State,
and St. Joseph County Medical Societies, and
has contributed a number of valuable articles

DR. SAMUEL WHITEHALL.

number of valuable appliances and devices ot
an electrical, medical and mechanical nature,
and all of them practical and successful. He
was the first to invent the e.astic suture and
plaster, though they have now become of com-
mon usage. He is the patentee of a number of
agricultural devices, among them a wheel, a
most valuable acquisition to agricultural im-
plements. He has also lately been granted
patents for transmitting and duplicating auto-
graphic telegrams; also for a wonderful proc-
ess for producing pictures in colors by teleg-
raphy, with a number of other inventions
equally novel and scientifically important. Dr.
Whitehall is well known in the community, and
is highly esteemed. He is a member of the
Commercial-Athletic Club and of the A. O.
U. W. He was married to Miss Elizabeth C.
Everett, or Urbana, O., and with his family,
consisting of one son, resides at No. 711 Colfax
avenue.

DR. JACOB W. HILL.

Dr. Jacob W. Hill is a native of the Keystone
state and was born in Centre Tonrnship,
Columbia County, Pennsylvania, on September
6, 1859. His father, Jacob Hill, was a pros-

DIl. JACOB W. HILL.

to the medical journals of the country. He is
a member of several social and fraternial organ-
izations and occupies an honored place in the
community.

FRANK H. DUXXAHOO.

Mr. Fiank H. Dunnahoo is one of the ambi-
tious, rising and successful young attorneys
new practicing at the bar of St. Joseph Coun-

SOUTH BEND.

15?

ty. He is a native of this county, and was
horn April 5, 1S73. His father. Griffin S.
Dunnahoo. is a successful farmer and is still
living. As a boy Mr. Dunnahoo received his

FRANK n. DUNNAHOO.

early education in the public schools of St.
Joseph County, after which he attended the
University of Michigan and graduated from the
Law Department in 1894. He was admitted
to the bar during the same year, and at once
commenced the practice of law. For nearly
six years he was associated with Hon. A. L.
brirk, of this city, and has been engaged in
many of the most important causes which
have been tried before the courts in this
disirict. Mr. Dunnahoo is well giounded in
the law, is a safe counselor and an able at-
i.orney, and has earned his present standing
in the profession by his own efforts. He is
popular in the community, and is a member
ot l he Indiana and Commercia'.-Athletic Clubs,
the E ks and the Knights of Pythias frater-
ni ifs. He was married to Miss Mary Alice
Dunlap, of Bloomington, 111., on January 9,
1900, and resides at No. 317 North Taylor
street.

COURTLAND P. DUCOMB.

Mr. Courtland P. DuComb is one of the
rising young attorneys of South Bend who
have forced themselves to the fiont by their
own superior abilities and tireless energy, and

the strictest attention to their profession. Mr.
DuComb had but few of the advantages of
life in his early boyhood, and during hi? mi-
nority he was obliged to contribute to the
support of his family, while manfully strug-
gling to acquire an education for himself. He
was born in Lakeville, St. Joseph County, July
12, 1872, his father. Philip P. DuComb, being
then engaged in farming. Mr. DuComb was
a typical farmer's boy. He hauled wood and
stone for his father, and snatched what learn-
ing he acquired during his early years by
close and ardent study at home and from the
limited opportunities afforded by the district
school. At sixteen years of age he obtained
an appointment as teacher, and while working
laboriously at this vocation he studied various
extra branches, which he regarded as essen-
tial to his future advancement and progress.
Until he was twenty-two years of age he
cheerfully gave up his earnings to his father,
and then, with scarcely means enough to liqui-
date his matriculation fees, he entered DuPaw
University, determined to support himself and
acquire a collegiate education. Engaging his
spare time in various pursuits, he succeeded
in maintaining himself, and afterward entered
the Indiana University, at Bloomington, Ind.,

COURTLAND P. DUCOMB.

where he graduated with high honors in 1895.
He was admitted to the bar and established an
office in South Bend during that year, his
library at that time consisting of three text-

158

SOUTH BEND.

books and the Indiana statutes. He had not
mistaken his calling, however, and he soon
developed an ability and energy as a lawyer
which gained for him both clients and friends.
His early labors and sacrifices had imbued him
with coinage and perseverance, and these two
essential qualities were manifested in his prac-
tice to a remarkable degree. He is a close
student, quick to grasp the subtleties of deli-
cate questions, and his power of legal analysis
is almost unerring. To-day he is recognized
as one of the most conscientious and finely
equipped attorneys in this section of the state,
and his clients are among the most promi-
nent business men and citizens of South Bend.
Mr. DuComb has been the Deputy Prosecuting
Attorney of St. Joseph County for the past
four years, and has had the preparation and
conduct of a number of important cases during
that period. He was married to Miss Clara B.
Augustine, of West Marion street, a daughter of
William Augustine, a wealthy retired farmer,
and granddaughter of Michael Augustine, who
was one of the earliest pioneers in this section
of the country, and who is still living. Mr.
DuComb has one child, and his handsome
home is located at No. 519 West Marion street,
he has hosts of friends, and is a prominent
member of the fraternity of Odd Fellows. His
office is at No. 12S South Main street.

SAMUEL S. PERLEY.

Mr. Samuel Shepard Perley, one of the best
types of an active and energetic business man,
is a native of New England, having been born
at Portland, Maine, October 8, 1861. His father,
J. H. Perley, was well known in the business
world, and was the first president of the Board
of Trade of Portland. His mother was Fannie
(Smith) Perley. Young Perley lived at Port-
land and attended school there until he was
twelve years of age, when his patents removed
to Detroit, Michigan, where his father was ex-
tensively engaged in the lumber trade. Here
he lived six years and attended school, and
then came to South Bend, where he finished
his course at Notre Dame, remaining there
nearly four years. Leaving his studies, he en-
tered the office of the Coquillard Wagon Works,
where he has always remained. Mr. Perley
has for many years held an executive position
with the company, and since the death of Mr.
a. Coquillard, the founder of the great busi-
ness, he has been trustee and manager of the
great plant and business. Mr. Perley is widely
known as an energetic business man and a
thoroughly public-spirited citizen. He is a di-

rector in the Citizens' National Bank, and is
president of the Perley Lumber Company, one
of the large industries for which South Bend
is noted. He is also a stockholder in the Bissell
Chilled Plow Company, and is interested in

SAMUEL S. PEKLEY.

other enterprises here. Mr. Perley was mar-
ried in xS92 to Miss Lillian Cassidy, of this
city.

JAMES A. JUDIE.

Mr. James A. Judie. of South Bend, is a
prosperous and ambitious attorney and real
estate agent, and a striking example of what
may be accomplished by indomitable energy
and intelligence. Mr. Judie was born in Penn
Township, St. Joseph County, July 29, 1865,
and his father was Paul Judie, a prosperous
but conservative farmer, who came of sturdy
Pennsylvania Dutch ancestry, and wfi"o early
sought this section of the State of Indiana as
his home. As a boy Mr. Judie was sent to the
country schools in the vicinity of his home,
but aspiring for a higher education, by his own
efforts he secured the means to enable him to
attend the State Normal School at Valparaiso,
where he completed the teachers' course and
followed that vocation for one year. Later he
entered the College of Notre Dame at South
Bend, graduating from the Law Department in
1S87. Attracted by the advantages offered to
the investor by the State of California, Mr.

SOUTH BEND.

150

Judie, after his graduation, journeyed to that
state, where he remained a year. Returning
to South Bend, in 1S88, he commenced the
practice of law, and for one year was ;n the

JAMES A. JTJDIE.

office of Judge Lucius Hubbard, after which
he engaged in business on his own account.
Mr. Judie is a conscientious attorney and reli-
able adviser, and is thoroughly posted on real
estate values throughout the county, and
ranks deservedly high at the bar in the com-
munity. His practice is largely devoted to pro-
bate and real estate law, and he is also an
extensive dealer in and holder of valuable
properties in South Bend. Mr. Judie is quiet
and modest, but is imbued with an honorable
ambition to succeed, and has made praise-
worthy progress on the road to honor and
success. He was married to Miss Margaret I.
Knott, of Laporte County, and with his estima-
ble wife and inteiesting daughter resides in
a comfortable home at No. 1245 East Water
street.

PROF. DUMONT LOTZ.

Professor Dumont Locz. the able principal
of the South Bend High School, is a native of
Indiana, and was born at Portland, October
27, 1863. His father, Mr. Jacob E. Lotz, was
a successful farmer and stock raiser in that
section of the state, and was at one time
Sheriff of Jay County. The young man spent

his early yeais on the farm, and attended the
public schools in the vicinity of his home, and
the Normal School at Lebanon, O. He then
taught school for about four years, and was a
student at the Ohio Medical College, at Cin-
cinnati, O.. but dm not engage in the practice
of medicine. His health being somewhat im-
paired. Professor Lotz engaged in travel
throughout the western country for some time,
and on his return he entered Purdue Univer-
sity, from which institution he graduated in
1889, with the degree of B. S., and in 1890
took the advanced degrees of M. S. and A. C.
He was appointed assistant professor of
chemistry at the university, and during his
connection with Purdue did a large amount
of valuable work on food adulterations for the
United States Government. He was elected
chemist to the Oregon Agricultural Experiment
Station, a government position connected with
the Oregon Agricultural College, and was also
State Chemist of Oregon for three years, and
was located at Coivallis, Ore. Finding his
health again impaired, Professor Lotz traveled
extensively through Old Mexico and Central
America, thoroughly exploring the old Aztec
and Toltec ruins. Professor Lotz is a diligent
and enthusiastic archaeologist, and has made

PROF. DUMONT LOTZ.

many valuable discoveries of ancient relics
in Mexico, Central America, Alaska and other
sections of the country, and has pursued an
extensive course of chemical research for his

160

SOUTH BEND,

own uses and purposes. He returned home in
1895 and was elected teacher of science in
the South Bend High School, and served in
that position until 1S9S, when he was elected
principal. Professor Lotz has pi oven a most
thoroughly progressive and able principal, and
also conducts the departments of chemistry
and physics in that institution. He is a gen-
tleman of broad culture, of extensive travel
and experience, and a disciplinarian of rare
power and mental force, who is regarded as a
valuable acquisition to the advanced educa-
tional institutions of this city. Professor Lotz
was married in 1894 to Miss Nannie Bloss, a
daughter of Hon. John M. Bloss. president of
the Oregon Agricultural College and ex-Super-
intendent of Public Instruction of Indiana, and
with his estimable wife and two daughters
resides in Chapin Park.

THE REV. JOHN F. DE GROOT. C. S. C.

The Rev. John Francis DeGroot, C. S. C,
pastor of St. Patrick's Church, of South Bend,
is one of the most esteemed and able pastors

His father was Benjamin DeGroot. a native of
Belgium, and a prosperous farmer of St. Joseph
County, and his mother was Catherine (Woods)
DeGroot, and she was a native of Ireland.
Until he was fourteen years of age Father
DeGroot lived at Mishawaka, and was educated
in the parochial schools of St. Joseph County.
In 1881 he entered Notre Dame Univeisity,
taking a classical course, with a veiw to pre-
paring for the priesthood, and he graduated
from that famous institution in 1SS7. He later
went to Austin, Texas, as Prefect of Disci-
pline at St. Edwards' College, where he re-
mained one year, when he was called to New
Orleans, La., as Piefect of Discipline at the
Holy College in the Crescent City. Here he
remained four years. Father DeGroot was or-
dained to the priesthood in 1893 at Notre Dame,
by Bishop Rademacher, of Fort Wayne. While
in New Orleans he was assistant pastor of
Sacred Heart. In March, 1S99, Father DeGroot
was called to South Bend as pastor of St.
Patrick's Church, to succeed the late Father
Clark. Under his careful and intelligent pas-
torate the church has advanced in usefulness,
and Father DeGroot has given to his charge
his earnest thought and unselfish labor. He
is a man of rare mental graces, a deep thinker
and an eloquent speaker, and is loved by all
who know him, regardless of church ties.

REV. JOHN F. DEGROOT.

this church has ever had. Yet a young man.
Father DeGroot has won a high place in the
church, and has evinced all of those qualities
that must rapidly advance him in his chosen
life. Father DeGroot is a native of Indiana,
and was born in Mishawaka, August 27, 1866.

FRANCIS E. LAMBERT.
Mr. Francis E. Lambeit ranks justly high at
the bar of St. Joseph County as an attorney
of rare ability, a reliable counselor and a law-
yer of research and extended reading. He was
born in Warren Township, St. Joseph County.
June 4, 1860, and his father, Oliver C. Lambert,
who died when the son was but twelve years
of age, was a prominent farmer in that locality.
His early education was acquired in the county
schools, and he afterward attended the Law
School at Valparaiso tor four years. Dur-
ing his attendance at this college he taught
school, and he afterward attended the Law De-
partment of the Commeicial College at South
Bend, and trom 1887 to 1891 was principal of
that excellent institution. He was admitted
to the bar in 1891, and for a year was asso-
ciated in the practice of law with Judge Lytel
Jones, at Valparaiso. Then he came to South
Bend and established himself in his profes-
sion, in which he has occupied a prominent po-
sition. In 1895 he was nominated as Repre-
sentative to the State Legislature, and al-
though the district had formerly been Demo-
cratic, he was elected by a handsome majority,

SOUTH BEND

101

and was reelected in 1897. As a legislator he
was progressive, alert and able, and won the
enconiums of his constituents. He is an able
orator and as a political speaker has few sii-

HON. FRANCIS E. LAMBERT.

periors in the west. In October, 1SS9, he was
appointed by Federal Judge John H. Baker as
the Referee in Bankruptcy for the Thirteenth
District, which office he now holds. He was
married to Miss Mary E. Moomaw, who then
resided near South Bend, and has one interest-
ing daughter, Mildred. Mr. Lambert, while
an active and enthusiastic leader in the politi-
cal movements in the west, is also a highly
domestic man, and his handsome home is lo-
cated at No. 513 West Marion street.

HON. HENRY GINZ.

Among the prominent and influential citi-
zens of South Bend who for years was active-
ly interested in public affairs must De men-
tioned the name of the late Hon. Henry Ginz,
who died in this city November 1, 1888, deeply
mourned by a large circle of friends. Mr.
Ginz was born in Alzey, Rhein-Hessen, Ger-
many, February 6, 1830. He received his edu-
cation in his native land and there learned
the cabinet maker's tiade, at which he be-
came quite proficient. In 1S54 he came to
America and located in Laporte, where he
engaged at his trade of cabinet making for
nine years. He then removed to Indianapo-

lis, where he was engaged in business for
about six years. He then disposed of his
business there, and in 1»69 came to South
Bend, where he resided until his death. He
engaged in the grocery and bakery business
in the Rockstroh block, on North Main street,
and after three years he soid out to L. Nickel,
Jr., & Co., who have since conducted the
business at that place. He afterward pur-
chased an interest in the milling business with
his brother-in-law, John C. Knoblock, and
formed the Knoblock-Ginz Milling Company.
Mr. Ginz was the active business manager
of the company up to the date of his death.
In his early life Mr. Ginz was a lover of lib-
erty, and in 1849, when but nineteen years of
age. he participated in the German rebellion
of that year under the command of Franz
Sigel. who afterward became a General in
the United States Army during the civil war.
The German rebellion was unsuccessful, and
Mr. Ginz, who was a sergeant in the army,
with a number of others, escaped to Switz-
erland, wheie he remained until receiving a
full pardon from the German government, a
few months later. On coming to America
he was an active member of the Democratic
party, and was a strong leader in politics in

HON. HENRY GINZ.

St. Joseph County. In 1879 he was' elected a
member of the State Legislature, and he
served one term in that body with distin-
guished ability. Mr. Ginz was a public spirit-

102

SOUTH BEND,

ed man in every sense of the term, and was
active in the promotion of the interests of this
city. He was a member of Robert Blum Lodge
of the Odd Fellows fraternity, and of the South
Bend Turn-Verien. He was married in De-
cember, 1859, to Miss Wilhelmina Meyer, and
this most estimable lady still survives him.
His family consisted of two sons and a daugh-
ter, Adolph S. Ginz and Harvey Ginz, both
of whom are engaged in responsible positions
with the South Bend Chilled Plow Company,
and Clara, who is the wife of Dr. L. S. La
Pierre, the well known dentist of this city.
During his life he was an honored and hon-
orable citizen, and occupied a high place in
the esteem of the people of this city.

J. C. BOWSHER.

Mr. Jay C. Bowsher, vice president of the
N. P. Bowsher Company, manufacturers of feed
mills and machinery specialties, was born in
South Bend. April 17, 1872. He is the son of
N. P. Bowsher, the founder of this extensive
enterprise, and succeeded his father in the
management of the mechanical branches of
the business. He received his education in the
public schools, which was extensively supple-
mented by special studies. After finishing his
education he at once entered the factory, and

.1. c. BOWSHER.

by close observation and earnest effort became
master of its every detail. He inherited his
inventive genius from his father, and has been

granted a number of valuable patents, which
are of worth and utility. He has also traveled
extensively, and, being a close observer, has
acquired a most intimate knowledge of the
needs of the trade which the company supplies
in all sections of the country. Mr. Bowsher is
enterprising and progressive, and the influ-
ence of his personality is largely felt in the
advancement of the business. He was married
in 1898 to Miss Eva Spencer, and resides at
No. 82S Colfax avenue.

DR. JAMES A. VARIER.

Dr. James A, Varier is a well known and
highly respected physician and surgeon of this

DH. JAMES A. VARIER.

city, and has been in practice here since
1S93. He was born in Penn Township, St.
Joseph County. November 2, 1852, and his
father, Joseph Varier, was a prominent farmer.
He attended the public schools and took a
teacher's course in Salem College, Indiana,
and was a school teacher in the schools of this
county for several years. Being ambitious
of excelling in the medical profession, he took
a course of studies in the Indiana Medical Col-
lege, and afterward attended the Cincinnati
College of Medicine and Surgery, and gradu-
ated in the class of 1876. He first commenced
the practice of his profession at North Liberty,
St. Joseph County, and for seventeen years
was located in that section of the county. In

SOUTH BEND.

163

1893 he removed to South Bend, and his subse-
quent experience has fully justified his change
of location. Dr. Varier is a progressive prac-
titioner in the highest sense. He is the Presi-
dent of the St. Joseph County Medical Society
and is a member of the American and the
Indiana State Medical Societies. He is also
connected with the medical staff of the Ep-
worth Hospital, and lectures before the Train-
ing School for Nurses on therapeutics and
dietetics. In 1892 he was elected Coroner of
the county and served one term, declining a
further continuance in the office. He is a
member of the Masonic fraternity and of the
Commercial-Athletic Club. Dr. Varier was
married to Miss Ella Vosburg. of this county,
and with his two children, Charles E. and
Eva L., resides at No. 303 South Lafayette
street.

streets, known as Sample's Subdivision, and
in 1879 he went to Washington, D. C, where
he held an important position in the Depart-
ment of Public Printing under Mr. Defrees.
During his later years he held a prominent
position in the Pension Department, when he
was stricken with paralysis, from which he
died. Mr. Sample, during his residence in
South Bend, was one of the most active and
energetic citizens, and was identified with
numerous movements in the interest of the
city's advancement and progress. He was fa-
miliarly and affectionately known among his
friends as "Russ," and was a prominent factor

A. R. SAMPLE.

No man was better or more favorably
known in South Bend during his long resi-
dence here than Mr. A. R. Sample, whose
death occurred in the City of Washington,
D. C, on September 21, 1885. He was a
native of Maryland, and was born in 1818.
He was the youngest son of Captain Sample,
who was a soldier in the war of 1S12. He
was a native of North Carolina, but early
removed to Maryland, where he resided until
1819. He then removed with his family to
Lebanon, Ohio, and after residing there a
short time he went to Connelsville, Indiana.
In 1835 Captain Sample came to South Bend,
and here he lived with his son, the late Hon.
Samuel C. Sample, who was a prominent Judge
and the first member of Congress from this
district. Mr. A. R. Sample was but a boy
when his father came to South Bend, and
after attending school he secured employment
in the general store of Lathrop M. Taylor,
and for a time he and the late Judge Thomas
S. Stanfield were fellow clerks. After at-
taining his majority he engaged in business
with Anthony Defrees, and conducted a suc-
cessful general store under the firm name of
Defrees & Sample. He afterward sold out to
George W. Matthews, and for years he traveled
as a salesman for the dry goods and importing
house of Halstead, Haines & Co. For several
years he was not engaged in any business,
but devoted his attention to his large inter-
ests in this city. He laid out and sold a large
tract of land north of the Lake Shore rail-
road, and between Carroll and Fellows

A. K. SAMPLE.

in the community. Mr. Sample was thrice
married, his widow being Mrs. Mary A. Clark,
a most estimable lady, of this city, and who
still survives him. At his death he also left
two sons, his oldest and youngest, and of
these the youngest, Samuel C, was living in
Butte, Nebraska, and died there in November,
1899, and his remains were brought to South
Bend for burial. The oldest son, James Sam-
ple, is still living, and is at present engaged
in one of the departments at Washington. Mr.
Sample was a most genial and courteous gen-
tleman, and his death was mourned by a
large circle of friends in this city. He was
also an active member of the First M. E.
Church of this city, and took a deep interest
in its welfare and progress.

164

SOUTH BEND,

JOSEPH D. OLIVER.

Mr. Joseph D. Oliver, the ahle treasurer
and general manager of the famous Oliver
Chilled Plow Works, is a well known, public

known in this community. He is a native of
Ohio, and was born in Tuscaraugus County,
January 4. lS-Ut. His father, Adam D. France,
moved fiom Ohio to Laporte County, Indiana,
in 1S53. and the son's early life was spent upon
the farm, where he took advantage of the edu-
cational facilities afforded by the district
schools in the vicinity of his home. He came
to South Bend in 1S74, and engaged in the
hardware business with Mr. Edwin Nicar and
Frank E. Reynolds, under the firm name of E.
Nicar & Co. He afterward purchased the inter-
ests of his associates and became sole propri-
etor of the business for a time, when he
connected himself with Mr. R. H. Murdock,
and the firm was then changed to Murdock &
France. Mr. France's health becoming im-
paired, he sold out his business, and for about,
three years retired from active commercial
life. He then reengaged in the hardware
business with Mr. \V. D. Gish, under the firm
name of France & Gish, but after a short time
his health failed and the firm disposed of the
business to Thayer & Sibley, and he again
temporarily retired. In 1SSS he organized, and
was one of the incorporators, of the Dr. White-
hall Megrimine Company, and was made secre-
taiy of the company, which office he now

JOSEPH ]>. OLIVER.

spirited citizen of South Bend, who has al-
ways been identified with every measure tend-
ing to advance the best interests of the city.
Mr. Oliver was born at Mishawaka. August 2,
1850. He is the only son of James Oliver,
one of our foremost citizens, and Susan (Doty)
Oliver. He received his education in the pub-
lic schools of this city, and afterward attended
the University of Notre Dame and Greencastle
College. He was early associated with his
father in the great works that bears his name,
and was an able and energetic promoter of
the interests of this enterprise. He is a pro-
gressive and broad minded business man, and
has been interested in a number of public
improvements of a valuable and enduring char-
acter, and has won the high esteem of the
entire community. Mr. Oliver is married, and
with his family resides in a luxurious home
on West Washington street.

A. B. FRANCE.

Mr. Abraham B. France, the secietary of the
Dr. Whitehall Megrimine Company, has been
identified with the commercial interests of this
city for a quarter of a century, and is well

A. B. KliANi E.

holds. Mr. France is a business man of experi-
ence and energy, and his management of the
business department of the company has been
marked by ability and advanced business

SOUTH BEND,

105

methods. He is well known and highly es-
teemed in the community, and is "a member of
the Masonic and Odd Fellows fraternities, and
of the Commercial-Athletic Club. Mr. France
was married to Miss Kate Reynolds, a daugh-
ter of the late George W. Reynolds, and his
family consists ot two sons. He resides in a
pleasant home at No. 345 Colfax avenue.

ALFRED B. MILLER.

Mr. Alfred B. Miller, founder of the South
Bend Tribune, and for twenty years its
editor, was one of South Bend's most gifted
sons. He was born in this city, February C,
1840, his parents, Mr. and Mrs. B. F. Miller,
coming here from Westchester, Pennsylvania,
a few years before that date. He early dis-
played qualities of mind and an energetic na-
ture that made him a foremost journalist of
Indiana, and a leading citizen of St. Joseph
County. He obtained his education in the
schools of South Bend, and devoted his leisure
nours to studying at home. With his taste
tor knowledge he had rare inventive talent,
and while other boys spent their time in out
door sports, he passed his spare hours from
school in making engines, wagons, sieighs
and the like in a little shop fitted with tools
in his fathers bam. Whne a mere lad he
made complete a box sleigh, which is still in
use. He was a boy of sunny disposition and
liked companions, but he could not bear to
fritter away h.s time in p. ay. Aside from his
mechanical genius and skill. Mr. Miller early
developed liteiary ability of a high older. His
lather was a practical pi inter, and he was
much around a printing office, where he gath-
ered inspiration and a liking fo.- the printing
business. Before reaching his majority he
was employed as clerk in the general stOie oi
John W. Chess, and when the war of the re-
bellion broke out he enlisted in the Twenty-
first Indiana Battery, serving th.oughout the
struggle as Second Lieutenant and Quarter-
master. His war iecord was oi the first order,
and he participated in many engagements with
the Army of the West. While in the service he
wrote for the press, not only in the line of
regular conespondence, but in fiction and
poetry. He wrote short stories for Harper's
Magazine, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspa-
per and other papers of the east. After the
war, for several years, he was employed in
the store of John Brownfield, and left commer-
cial life to enter into the newspaper business.
With his brothei -in-law, Elmer Crockett, in

1869. he purchased a half interest in the St.
Joseph Valley Register, the paper established
by Hon. Schuyler Colfax. Mr. Miller assumed
the editorship of the paper, and Mr. Crockett
had charge of the mechanical department. In
1872 they disposed of their interest and found-
ed the South Bend Weekly Tribune, with Mr.
Miller as its editor. He developed a remark-
able talent for every kind of newspaper work,
and labored day and night for the success of
his paper. Mr. Miller took a great interest in
politics, and was an aggressive and force-
ful writer, as well as a shrewd party man-
ager. He was a man of wonderful versatility
and of inexhaustible resources. He was pro-
giessive. original and diplomatic. He was

ALFRED 11. MILLER.

equally adept in inaugurating a new idea in a
display advertisement as he was in writing
spicy "trifles," chronicling local happenings,
weighty edito.ials. obituary notices, literary
sketches or poems. He loved South Bend and
did much to advance the city's interest. He
enjoyed the acquaintance of nearly eveiy man,
woman and child in the city, and was posted
in county history fiom the time of its settle-
ment. He was suave and polite of manner,
modest, unselfish, considerate, and what is
rare for a busy newspaper man. was always
accessible and ready to chat with an old rural
friend or city c'aller. He was a tireless worker
and had no patience with the idler class. He
was a great friend to young journalists, and

166

SOUTH BEND.

the old soldier also had a true friend in Alf.
Miller. His purse was always open to the call
of distress, and he dispensed charity with a
free hand. He was a splendid specimen of
the thiifty citizen, broad minded in all his
views, and possessed with a mind to do the
right. There was widespread and sincere
mourning in the community when, in the prime
of life, and in the midst of his active labors,
Mr. Miller, after a brief illness, was called
upon to lay aside all and pass on to the higher
life. Indiana journalism lost one of its bright-
est ornaments, and South Bend one of its
staunchest friends when Alf. Miller died. His
parents died before him, and there are surviv-
ing him his widow and son, Fred A. Miller,
the present editor of the Tribune, and two
sisters, Mrs. Elmer Crockett, of South Bend,
and Mrs. J. M. Deffenbaugn, ot Seattle, Wash-
ington.

DR. ROBERT HARRIS.

Dr. Robert Harris enjoys the distinction ot
being the oldest medical piaetitioner now liv-
ing in South Bend, and one of the most suc-
cessful. He was born in Loraine County. Ohio
March 14, 1823. He is the son of John Hariis.
a successful farmer in that locality, and Eliza-
beth (Clay) Harris. In early boyhood he at-
tended the district schools, and afterward went
to Oberlin College for two yea:s, and then
taught school for five terms. He devoted him-
self at night to the study of medicine, and
thus laid the foundation of his ultimate suc-
cess. He then took two courses at the Starling
Medical College, of Columbus, Ohio, and be-
gan the practice of medicine in 1849, in Tiffin,
Ohio. He afterward moved to B ownell,
Loraine County, and later joined his b.other,
Dr. Henry L. Harris who was a prominent
physician at Flat Rock, for a short time. In
1852 he came to South Bend. He was a
thorough diagnostician, we 1 giounded in every
essential point of medical practice, and soon
acquired a wide reputation, and a large prac-
tice. He traveled horseback through St. Jo-
seph and Elkhart Counties, and as far as Stark
County, and never allowed personal comfo.t
or convenience to interfere with the call of
duty. At one time he had the largest prac-
tice and traveled over a greater area of te.ri-
tory than any other physician in this section
of the state. For nearly fifty years he was
in active practice, but in 1894 he relinquished
his out door visits and confined himself en-
tirely to office woik. He was a genial com-

lorter and a hopeful adviser, and his cheerful
disposition contributed largely to his success.
Dr. Harris always took a deep interest in
public affairs. He was a member of the City
Council and of the Board of Health, and
through his efforts the entire city was thor-
oughly cleansed and placed in a highly sani-
tary condition. He was prominently men-

DR. ROBERT HARRfS.

tioned for the Mayoralty, but emphatically de-
clined the honor. Dr. Harris is still in the
enjoyment of good health, and prescribes for
many of his old patients. He was first mar-
ried to Miss Sophia Bohn, who died twenty
years ago, and his present estimable wife was
Miss Emma Burnett, of Michigan, who was
a popular teacher in the public schools. Dr.
Harris resides with his wife and an only son
in his comfortable home at No. 323 West
Jefferson street.

JACOB F. STUDEBAKER.

Mr. Jacob F. Studebaker, whose deeply la-
mented death occurred in Chicago on Decem-
ber 17, 1887, was an honored citizen of South
Bend, and one who was endeared by many
ties to a host of friends. Mr. Studebaker was
the youngest of five brothers who have done
so much to advance the progress and indus-
trial welfare of this city, and during his life
was a most important factor in the great man-

SOUTH BEND

167

ufacturing company whose fame extends
throughout the world. He was born in Ash-
land County, Ohio, May 26, 1844. His father,
John Studebaker, was a well known black-
smith and wagon builder, who had removed
from near Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, and lo-
cated in Ohio. In 1852 the family removed to
South Bend, and here the young man attended
the old seminary, which was located on the
site where the new high school now stands,
and afterward was a student at Notre Dame
University for two terms. Even in those early
days Mr. Studebaker evinced those strong and
successful commercial traits which afterward
contributed so largely to the growth and de-
velopment of the interests of the Studebaker

JACOB F. STUDEIiAKEK.

Bros. Manufacturing Company, with which he
was prominently identified. His brothers, Mr.
Clem Studebaker, Mr. J. M. Studebaker and
Mr. Peter E. Studebaker, fully appreciated his
value to the company and acknowledged with
pride his many admirable qualities. He was
the manager of the carriage department of the
company, and it was mainly through his prac-
tical knowledge and keen business foresight
that this branch of the company has reached
its present monumental proportions. Mr.
Studebaker was always noted for his great
love of horses, and was the owner of many of
the most valuable animals in the country. He
organized the great Percheron Horse Com-

pany, of Colorado, which impoited some of the
finest specimens of the Fercherons ever
brought to America, and which engaged ex-
censively in the breeding of this class of ani-
mals. As a business man he possessed most
excellent judgment, and was most energetic
and progressive, and remarKably just and suc-
cessful in his dealings with the employes of
the company. He was always noted for his
generosity and public spirit, and was fore-
most in every movement that tended to ad-
vance the best interests of the community. He
was largeiy interested in the organization of
the Agricultural Association, and was identi-
fied with a number of public enterprises. In
1864 Mr. Studebaker was married to Miss Har-
riet Chord, a daughter of Mr. Samuel Chord,
a well known and prominent citizen of South
Bend. His family consists of two accomplished
daughters. Mrs. Studebaker is a most estima-
ble lady, and the home Hie of the deceased
was most attractive and enjoyable. Through
the influence or Mrs. Studebaker he became
an active member of the Baptist church, and
contributed largely to its maintenance and
advancement. His beautiful and commodious
residence is located at Sunnyside, and here
his widow and daughter now reside. His
death was a loss to the community, the City
of South Bend, and to many friends in various
sections of the country. No more appropriate
tribute to his memory could have been ut-
tered than the words selected by the Rev.
G. E. Farr at the funeral obsequies: "Know
ye not that there is a prince and a great man
fallen."

P. J. LEWIS MEYER.

Among the leading attorneys practicing at
the bar of St. Joseph County. Mr. F. J. Lewis
Meyer justly takes high rank and legitimate
prominence. Mr. Meyer is a native of Ontario,
Canada, and was born November 2, 1860. His
father was the Rev. F. F. Meyer, a leading
member of the Evangelical Association, who
was well known in this city, and whose la-
mented death occurred in 1894. Mr. Meyer's
early education was acquired in the vicinity
of his home, and when fourteen years of age
he removed with his parents to Michigan. At
sixteen he taught school in that state, and in
1879 he came to South Bend, which he has
since made his home. He taught in the public
schools for eight years, during the last three
of which he was p.incipal of the Lafayette
school, and was recognized as an able and

16S

SOUTH BEND

advanced instructor. He afterward attended
the Law Department o£ the Northwestern Uni-
versity of Illinois, and graduated from that
institution in L889. He was admitted to the

F. J. LEWIS MEYER.

bar, and since that time has been successfully
engaged in the practice of his p.ofessioh in
this city. He is a general practitioner of
ability, and makes a specialty of damage suits,
in which he has won deserved distinction. He
was the attorney in the suit of Bennie Turner
vs. the City of South Bund, and was awarded
the largest damages ever given in Northern
Indiana, and also acted for the plaintitf in the
suit of Giede vs. the South Bend Chilled Plow
Company, in which he was also successful.
He has won a high reputation in criminal cases
of piominence, both for the prosecution and
defense, but of late years has relinquished
his criminal practice to a great extent. He is
the local attorney for the Indiana, Illinois and
Iowa Railway, and general counsel for the
Buff & Blue Oolitic Stone Company, and the
Crafton Stone Company, whose quarries are
located in the Bedford District, in Morgan
County. Mi. Meyer is an able attorney, a legal
adviser of reliability and well versed in the
law. He is well known and esteemed in the
community, and at one time was Republican
candidate for Mayor of the city. Mr. Meyer
was married to Miss Mary Rough, a native ot
Michigan, and with his estimable wife and
child resides at No. -117 West Navarre street.

ALBERT H. KELLEY.

Mr. Albert H. Kelley, president of the South
Bend Kernedy Company, whose handsome office
building and laboratory is located at No. 220
West Water street, is a native of Ohio, and was
born in Starke County. January 8, 1S52. His
father, Richard Kelley, was a well known con-
tractor in that locality. The young man re-
ceived his eaily education in the public schools
in this locality, and when he was fifteen years
of age his parents came to South Bend, and
he attended the pub'ic schools here. He was
then engaged as collection clerk in the First
National Bank, where he remained for eight
years, and afterward spent one year in the
mining business at Leadville, Col. On his
return he was engaged as assistant cashier
in the office of the Studebaker Bios. Manufac-
turing Company, where he remained twelve
years. In 1892 he resigned his position and
took an active interest in the business of the
South Bend Remedy Company, in which he had
been financially interested for several years
previous. This company prepares the cele-
brated female remedy, "Magnolia Blossom."
which has attained a woi Id-wide reputation.
They also manufacture the "Royal Tea," and
a number of other excellent family remedies
whose virtues are known and highly appreci-

ATJ8ERT II. KELLEY.

ated both in America and Europe. The com-
pany was established m 1S8H, and occupies
a handsome and substantial brick and stone
building of ornate design and extensive pro-

SOUTH BEND

10!)

portions, all of which is devoted to the busi-
ness of the company and the preparation of
their vaiious remedies. From its inception
the company has conducted the business on
a legitimate and progressive basis, and its
present success and wide reputation is due
to the excellence and efficacy of their prepara-
tions and to their strict methods of conducting
business. Mr. A. H. Kelley, the president, is
ably assisted by his son, R. Lyle Kelley, who
is secretaiy o£ the company, and by Dr. C. H.
Frank, a physician of known and recognized
medical reputation, who is in charge of the
consulting department. The company trans-
acts a strictly mail order business, and their
trade extends throughout the United States
and Canada, and many European cities. Mr.
Kelley is an active and energetic business man
in the highest sense and has most ably con-
ducted the laige and increasing business of
the company, xie is well known in this com-
munity and is a member ot the Indiana and
Commercial-Athletic Clubs. He was married
to Miss Mary E. Deming, daughter of Mr.
Dwight Deming, who was a prominent citizen
of South Bend, and with his family, consisting
of a son and daughter, resides in a handsome
home at the corner of Colfax avenue and
North Taylor street.

HON. DAVID K. LEEPER.

In the death of Hon. David R. Leeper, which
occurred in this city November 2t, 1900, South
Bend lost one of its Oldest native born citizens
and prominent men, who had been in public
life tor nearly half a century. He was boin
in a rude log cabin near this city January 12,
1832, and had been identitied with the growth
and progress ot South Bend from infancy.
His father was Samuel Leeper, who early in
life removed from his home in Washington
County, Pennsylvania, to Starke County, Ohio,
and atteiward to Montgomery County, in that
state. His mother was Elizabeth Roher, who
also resided in Montgomery County. In 1828
his father first came to St. Joseph County.
Indiana, in company with his father-in-iaw,
Joseph Rohrer, but did not remain. He re-
turned, however, in 1830, and pitched his tent
on the bank of McCartney creek, west of the
present city, where the Michigan road crosses
the creek, while the surrounding country was
the hunting ground and the habitation of the
Indians. His first shelter was the cover of
his wagon, stretched upon upright poles, and
later he erected a rude log cabin as a dwelling
for his family. It was in this cabin that David

Rohrer Leeper was born, but shortly after-
ward his parents removed to a large tract of
timber land near Sumption Prairie. His father
was deeply interested in the cause of public
education, and several of the unoccupied houses
he transformed into school houses, the first
being erected on his own farm. On this farm
his mother and three children died, the mother
in 1812, but his lather lived until 1886, when
he died suddenly while on the train returning
fiom California. Young Leeper remained
upon the farm until he was seventeen, attend-
ing the public schools, and later studying
under Professors Wright and Cogswell in South
Bend. While a student at the old seminary,
which stood on the site of the present high
school, the gold excitement bioke out in Cali-

HON. DAVIO li. LEEPER.

tornia, and he was attacked with the fever.
He importuned his father to fit him out for
a pilgrimage to the El Dorado, and with several
young friends and two ox teams they started
on their journey to the Pacific coast on Febru-
ary 22, 1849. Their way was beset with perils,
adventuies and vicissitudes. They swam the
oxen across small streams, dragged their wag-
on, ferried the Mississippi river at Burlington,
Iowa, and after crossing the Missouri traveled
over a desert country, without a single habita-
tion save a few mud huts at Foits Kearney
and Laramie, until they reached the Sacra-
mento Valley, a distance of nearly 2,000 miles.

170

SOUTH BEND

They finally reached the gold fields on October
11, being seven months and sixteen days on
the journey. After a short stay he set out
for Sacramento City, which he reached penni-
less and alone, having become separated from
his companions, and with only his clothes
and blanket. Here he went to work making
rough board coffins for the burial of dead
miners, who were laid to rest clad in their
red shirts and blue overalls. From there he
wandered to near Coloma, where gold was
first discovered by Marshall, and then to Hang-
town, where he remained a few months, go-
ing north to Trinity. Here he mined in the
river, and at Weaverville, until the next fail,
braving every danger from the hostile Digger
Indians, and was wounded by an arrow in
the left leg, while many of his party were
killed. He then made his way to Humboldt
Bay, the chief lumbering section in that state,
and was the first to engage in logging at that
point. He remained there until May, 1S54,
when he returned by tne way of Nicaragua
and Greytown, and by steamer to New York.
He was about twenty-two years old when he
reached home, and he again attended school
at the Mishawaka Institute, of which Pro-
fessor C. Fitz Roy Bellows was the principal.
When the Republican party was first oigan-
ized he was a zealous partisan, and took an
active part in political affairs. In 1864 he
again went west to Montana, where he re-
mained until 1868, engaged in mining and
freighting, with headquarters at Helena and
Virginia City. In 1867 he was nominated for
the Assembly at Helena, but was defeated, al-
though he ran highest on the ticket. In 1872,
after his return home, he left the party and
was nominated by the Liberals and Democrats
for the Legislature, but declined. He was
again nominated in 1874, and was elected, and
re-elected in 1S77, and served on many of the
most important committees. In 187S he was
elected to the State Senate, for St. Joseph and
Starke Counties, and here, too, he distinguished
himself in important committee work. He was
the father of the game laws, and advocated
the erection of the new State House, and
many measures for the better care of the poor
and insane. In 1882 he was urged to become
a candidate for Congress, and also to stand for
the United States Senate, but declining both
honors, was nominated for County Auditor
and was defeated, with his entire ticket. He
then retired for a time from active politics
and devoted himself to travel, study and lit-
erary woik, but in 1892 he was nominated for

Mayor of South Bend, and reluctantly accept-
ing, was elected, although only he and one
other were elected on his ticket. After serv-
ing his term he retired to private life, except
holding the office of Police Commissioner, to
which he was appointed by the late Governor
Matthews, and again appointed by Governor
Mount in January, 1899, which office he held
when he died. Mr. Leeper was a public spirit-
ed citizen of the highest type, and won and
held the esteem of the entire community. He
was vice president of the South Bend National
Bank at the time of his death. Mr. Leeper
was a man of fine appearance, large and impos-
ing stature and of dignified bearing and courte-
ous manners. He was a man of fine culture
and liteiary ability, and a most prolific writer
of local history. He was the author of two
valuable works. "The American Idea" and
"The Argonauts of '49," both of which are
well known and greatly admired. He was not
married, and his surviving relatives are Mrs.
Daniel Greene, a sister, and a half brother.
Mr. Samuel Leeper, a prominent and esteemed
business man of this city.

DR. FRED P. EASTMAN.

Dr. Fred. P. Eastman, one of the leading
physicians and surgeons of South Bend, is a

DR. FRED P. EASTMAN.

native of Seneca Falls, New York. He was
born October 3, 1860, and his father, Charles
W. Eastman, was a prominent contractor and

SOUTH BEND.

171

builder in that section of the country. He
was educated in the public and high schools
at Seneca Falls, and afterward attended the
Detroit College of Medicine, at Detroit, Michi-
gan, and graduated from that institution in
1S92. He commenced the practice of his pro-
fession in Detroit, and after a short term at
Seneca Falls he came to this city in 1893,
and has been in successful practice as a
physician and surgeon since that time. Dr.
Eastman also attended a post-graduate course
at the New York Polyclinic in 1895. He is
the Medical Examiner of the Security Life
Insurance Company of Binghamton, N. Y.;
the Reserve Loan Life of Indianapolis, and
the Security Mutual Life of Newark, N. J. He
is a member of the Knights of Pythias, the
United Workmen, and the Knights of the
Maccabees, and is the Supreme Examiner for
the Knights and Ladies of Columbia. Dr
Eastman is also a member of the American
Medical Association, and of the Indiana State
and St. Joseph County Medical Societies. He
is a member of the medical staff of the Ep-
worth and St. Joseph Hospitals, and lectures
before the Training School lor Nurses on
"Diseases of Children," on which subject he is
an acknowledged authoiity. He is also treas-
urer of the Pension Board of the United States
tor this district. Dr. Eastman was married
to Miss Lulu Andrews, of Seneca County, N.
Y., and resides at No. 330 South Main street.

tion he served in the years 1892 and 1893. Dur-
ing his term as City Attorney Mr. Cunning-
ham was deeply interested in the subject of
permanent street improvements, and he was
the author of a bill, which became a law, pro-

OLIVER M. CUNNINGHAM.

Mr. Oliver M. Cunningham, the present City
Attorney of South Bend, is a lawyer of high
standing at the bar, and of acKnowledged
ability. He was born at Larwill, Whitley Coun-
ty, Ind., July 5, 1861. His father, Jonathan
Cunningham, was a well-known farmer in that
section of the country. Mr. Cunningham re-
ceived his early education in the public schools
of St. Joseph County, and afterward attended
the State Normal School at Valparaiso. He
then became a student at the University of
Michigan, and graduated from the Law De-
partment in the class of 1S88. After his gradu-
ation he went to California, and was admitted
to the bar at Los Angeles, where he practiced
law for two years. In 1S90 he returned to
South Bend, and at once established himself
in business. He was elected City Attorney
in 1891, and after ably serving in that office
for more than a year, he resigned to accept
the office of States Attorney, in which posi-

OLIVER M. CUNNINGHAM.

viding that all sewer pipes and other under-
ground impiovements should be fully com-
pleted before the streets were paved, thus
securing them from being lorn up and prac-
tically destroyed after they had been properly
paved. The act was contested in the courts,
but Mr. Cunningham succeeded in obtaining
a decision sustaining the law in its entirety.
Mr. Cunningham is recognized as one of the
leading attorneys of this city, and as City
Attorney, which office he now holds, he has
ever been active in maintaining the legal
rights of the city. His connection with the
Reynolds City Hall Case is well remembered,
and the Supreme Court of the state, on appeal,
rendered a decision in favor of the city. Mr.
Cunningham is especially well grounded in
municipal law, and at all times has been a
safe counselor to the Mayor and the City
Council. He is a member of the Masonic fra-
ternity, and of South Bend Commandery, K. T.,
and of the Knights of Pythias. He was mar-
ried to Miss May Holler, youngest daughter of
Senator Holler, of St. Joseph County, and re-
sides at No. 1215 West Washington street.

172

SOUTH BEND.

FRED W. KELLER.

Mr. Fred W. Keller, the present Surveyor
of St. Joseph County, is a civil engineer of
excellent training and experience, and unques-
tioned ability in his profession. He was born

LOUIS A. HULL.

When South Bend secures the services of a
valuable official he is generally assured of
the confidence of the public, and of a continu-
ance in office, if he desires to lemain in the
public service. This fact is particularly exem-
plified in the case of Mr. Louis A. Hull, the
popular and efficient City Clerk of South Bend,
who has continuously occupied his present of-
fice since 1892. Mr. Hull is a native of New
York State, and was born in Troy, September
3, 1842. His father, Adolph Hull, was promi-
nently engaged in the shoe business at that
time. At thirteen yeais of age, and while he
was a student in the high school at Troy, young
Hull came to South Bend with his parents. He
attended the public schools in this city, and
was afterward engaged in the office of A.
Coquillard, the famous wagon maker, as a
bookkeeper. On the breaking out of the war of
the rebellion the young man enlisted in the
Fifteenth Indiana Volunteers, but was after-
waid transferred to the Quartermaster's De-
partment at Nashville, Tenn., where he rose
to the position of chief clerk. He remained in
the service until the close of the war when
he returned to South Bend and reentered the

FRED W. KELI.EU.

in German Township, this county, September
16, 1872, and his father, George Keller, was
a successful and prosperous farmer in that
locality. During the years 1892, 1893 and 1894
young Keder attended the University of Mich-
igan, at Ann Aibor, and studied surveying
during the vacation periods. He evinced

marked ability in this vocation, and in 1894
he came to South Bend and was at once en-
gaged in the office of the City Engineer, which
position he filled to the satisfaction of all. In
1898 he was elected County Surveyor, and so
well has he performed the duties of this office
that he was renominated unanimously by his
party and was re-elected in November, 1900.
Mr. Ke.ler is a practical surveyor in a most
thorough sense, and can always be relied upon
for careful and accurate service. He was
engaged by the Riverview Cemetery Company
to lay out its handsome grounds, and has pei-
formed this work most skillfully and well.
.Mr. Keller was married to Miss Edith Wool-
man, of this city, and with an only son resides
in a handsome home at No. 320 Navarre street.

office of A. Coquillard. He remained with this
establishment for a period of twenty-two years.
In lSTii-1877 Mr. Hull served in the City Council
as Alderman from the Fourth Ward. In 1892

SOUTH BEND

173

tie was elected City Clerk, and was reelected
in 1894 and 189S. He is an able and consci-
entious official, and enjoys the confidence and
respect of all who know him. Mr. Hull was
married to Miss Lydia Duck, of South Bend,
and has two children, a son and a daughter.
His son, Harvey L. Hull, is Deputy Clerk and
vies with his father in the popularity of the
community. Mr. Hull is a member of Auten
Post. No. 8, G. A. R., and served one term as
adjutant of that organization. He resides in
a commodious home at No. 516 East Colfax
avenue, and his later years are brightened by
his care and affection for his interesting
grandchild.

COL. ALFRED B. WADE.

Col. Alfred B. Wade, whose sad and sud-
den death by drowning in the Kankakee river,
near Crum's Point, occurred February 27, 1S77.
was in every sense a model man and an ideal
citizen, a heroic soldier and an honored offi-
cial. Col. Wade was a native of South Bend,
and was born in this town on December 28,
1839. He was the son of the late Judge
Robert Wade, who died when he was quite
young, and his mother afterward became the
second wife of the late Horatio Chapin. He
attended the "Old Seminary," on Washington
street, and early developed a talent for ar-
tistic drawing and lettering, and this led him
to take up the marble cutting business, which
he followed but a few years. He then went
to Pike's Peak, but soon returned and began
to study law with the late Judge Stanfield.
When the war of the rebellion occurred he
was among the first to enlist, and joined the
Ninth Regiment of Indiana Volunteers. Later,
when the Seventy-third Regiment was oigan-
ized here, he was commissioned as Adjutant.
He was in the engagements at Lexington, in
the pursuit of General Bragg to Wildcat, the
battle at Gallatin, Tennessee, and in the bat-
tle of Stone river, where his regiment was the
first to cross under fire of the enemy. On
December 31, 1862, the regiment saved the
day by reinforcing the shattered right wing
of the army, and combating two full brigades,
checked the advance, at the loss of nearly
one-third of those engaged. The regiment
was complimented by General Rosecians for
its bravery on this occasion. When the In-
dependent Brigade was formed, the Seventy-
third was made a part of it, and engaged
in a terrific battle with 4,000 rebel cavalry,
under General Fori est and General Roddy.
On May 2 the regiment bore the brunt of the

battle at Blount's farm, and Colonel Hatha-
way was killed. On the following day the
brigade, out of ammunition, exhausted by hard
fighting and long marches, and surrounded
by a vastly superior force, surrendered, and
Adjutant Wade, with the rest of the officers,
was taken as prisoner to Libby Prison. For
one year he suffeied untold hardships, and the
sufferings he endured left their impress upon
his after life. He was finally exchanged, was
promoted Major and assigned to command his
old regiment at Nashville. Here the regi-
ment saw much fighting and many times was
complemented by General Granger for its
bravery, and Major Wade was made Lieu-
tenant Colonel. In the latter part of 1 864

COL. ALFUED B. WADE.

Colonel Wade made a masterly defense of
Athens, Alabama, against a large body of
rebels under General Buford. and compelled
their retreat with great loss. He was then
promoted to the Colonelcy of the regiment
and served until the end of the war. Colonel
Wade then went to Ann Arbor, and after
graduating opened a law office here, and was
in successful practice until 1868, when Gen-
eral Grant appointed him Postmaster, and he
was i-eappointed in 1872. While in that office
he did much toward simplifying the postal
methods. He was an able official and in his
public and private life won the love and es-
teem of the entire community. His friend-

174

SOUTH BEND.

ships were lasting and his enmities of short
life, and he was a man of unbounded gener-
osity. He was a member of Crusader's
Lodge. K. of P.; of South Bend Lodge. 294,
F. & A. M ; of South Bend Commandery,
K. T., and of the Audobon Club. In 1865
Colonel Wade was married to Miss Jennie
Bond, a most accomplished lady, from Niles,
Michigan, who survives him. They had four
children, of whom two are deceased.

DR. EDWIN R. DEAN.

Dr. Edwin R. Dean, although but recently a
medical practitioner in South Bend, already
ranks high in his bono; able profession. He is

and giving a bond of $150,000.00 for the faith-
ful performance of his duties. He first com-
menced the practice of medicine at Mount
Sterling, remaining there nine years, and was
president of the Montgomery County Medical
Society when he left there to locate in South
Bend. Dr. Dean is a member of the medical
staff of the Epworth Hospital, and the Ameri-
can and St. Joseph County Medical Societies.
He is also the Medical Examiner of the Securi-
ty Life Insurance Company of Indiana, and at
Mount Sterling was examiner for the New
York Life and Equitable Life Insurance Com-
panies. He was married to Miss Emma Dunn,
of South Bend, whom he met while she was
attending school at Louisville, Ky., and with
his family resides at No. 323 West Wayne
street. His office is located in the handsome
new Dean building, on South Lafayette street.

DR. E. R. DEAN.

a native of Kentucky, and was born at Mount
Sterling, in that state. August 27. 1865. His
father, Ellis Dean, was for years a prominent
official in that city. The son was educated at
Harris Institute, at Mount Sterling, and took
a literary course at Georgetown College, Ken-
tucky, graduating with the degree of Bachelor
of Science in 1SS8. He received his medical
education at Jefferson Medical College, Phila-
deplhia. la., and graduated in the class of 1900.
As an evidence of his early ability, at the age
of thirteen years he was appointed Deputy
Tax Collector of Montgomery County. Ken-
tucky, and held that office for eight successive
years, serving under three different officials,

EDWARD R. VANDERHOOF.

Mr. Edward R. Vanderhoof, druggist, was
born in Louisville, Stark County, Ohio, October
21, 1S53. His father, Aaron Vanderhoof, was
an early resident of South Bend, and for years
was engaged by the Studebaker Bros, and the
Oliver Plow Works in a clerical capacity, and
afterward engaged in the grocery business on
his own account. His ancestors were originally

EDWARD R. VANDERHOOF

from Holland, and the sturdy business habits
developed by their ancestors are distinctly

SOUTH BEND

175

traceable to their origin, although the Vander-
hoofs were eaily settlers in America and
largely interested in farming in Ohio. Mr. E.
R. Vanderhoof passed his early days in the city
of his birth, and came to this city when quite
a boy, and was educated in the public and
parochial schools, and then served for over
ten years in the drug business as a clerk.
After this he engaged in agricultural pursuits,
and in 1887 returned to South Bend and estab-
lished himself in the drug business. He was
one of the originators of the Vanderhoof &
Co. laboratory, whose medicines have acquired
a reputation both in this country and Europe.
He is justly popular and his present store,
located at No. 216 West Washington street,
is most attractive and supplied with every
article known to the modern pharmacist. Mr.
Vanderhoof was married in 1880 to Miss Mary
A. Summers, and with his family resides at
447 West Water Street.

WILLIAM H. MACK.

Mr. William H. Mack, secretary, treasurer
and general manager of the Indiana Anchor
Fence Company, is well known in this city and
has been connected with several important lo-

cashier for the Studebaker Bros. Manufactur-
ing Company, and is still a stockholder in the
corporation. Mr. Mack was educated in the
public schools here. He was for years con-
nected with the firm of Cushing & Co., and
afterward engaged in the drug business in
Galesburg. Illinois, and Atchison, Kansas.
Later he was employed by the South Bend
Toy Company, as bookkeeper for one year,
and in 1884 was appointed Deputy Postmaster
of South Bend, under the first administration
of President Cleveland. For two years after
leaving the postofflce he was connected with
the collection department of the Studebaker
Bros. Manufacturing Company, and for ten
years was interested in the A. C. Staley Manu-
facturing Company, of this city, and was the
secretary of the company. When the Indiana
Anchor Fence Company was organized, in Oc-
tober, 1899, Mr. Mack was made the secretary
and treasurer of the company, and the general
manager of the business, and now has charge
of the works of that concern at Nos. 117-119
South Lafayette street. Mr. Mack is an able
and energetic business man, and gives his per-
sonal attention to all the details of the exten-
sive business of the company. He is a genial
gentleman, and well known in commercial and
manufacturing circles, and is a member of the
Commercial-Athletic Club. He was married to
Miss Eva Staley, daughter of A. C. Staley, and
resides at No. 518 North Main street.

WILLIAM H. MACK.

cal enterprises. He is a native of South Bend,
and was born April 1, 1855. His father, Wil-
liam Mack, now retired, was at one time a
prominent contractor, and for thirty years was

PROF. BENJAMIN WILCOX.
When the sad news was received in this city
that Prof. Benjamin Wilcox, the beloved pre-
ceptor of the high school, had died at LeRoy,
New York, on August 16, 1875, the entire
community mourned the loss of a true friend,
a splendid citizen and one of the greatest
instructors our school system had ever known.
Prof. Wilcox was a native of Connecticut,
and was born at Cromwell, May 18, 1816.
Until he was sixteen years of age he at-
tended the schools in the vicinity of his home
and assisted his father on the farm. He then
engaged himself as a teacher, and later be-
came a student at Williams College, from
which famous institution he graduated in 1841,
at the age of twenty-five years. He had an
early inclination for the study and practice
of medicine, but finally decided to adopt the
calling of a teacher as his life work. After years
proved the wisdom of this choice and brought
fame and honor to the most progressive in-
structor of our western schools in his day.
Mr. Wilcox began teaching at Yates, New
York, shortly after his graduation, and was

176

SOUTH BEND.

then engaged at Wilson. New York, for about
eleven years. He then accepted a position in
Wisconsin, but in 1S64 he was chosen to take
charge of the high school at Valpaiaiso, Indi-

PROF. BENJAMIN WILCOX.

ana, which position he accepted, and was
engaged there until 1S70, when the Board of
Education of South Bend induced him to come
to this city and assume the preceptorship
of the high school, which he most admirably
filled until his death. Prof. Wilcox was the
ideal instructor, and his earnest and ener-
getic personality and methods commanded
that most perfect discipline geneiated by the
love and respect of the pupil for the master.
Never was a teacher more popular with his
pupils, and perhaps never before was there
such perfect accord in the school 100m, such
energetic emulation to excel, and such es-
teem for the guiding spirit of the studies.
Prof. Wilcox took a deep personal interest in
his scholars, and kept a record of their course
in school and of their after achievements,
and this record, which embraced the period
of thirty-four years of active professional
teaching, contained the names of over nine
thousand pupils who had come under his care
and tutelary charge. He was alike endeared
to scholars and their parents, and the gen-
eral sorrow at his death was profound and
widespread. His was a quiet and impressive
dignity, which won the heaits and command-
ed the respect of all, and all felt the be-

reavement of his demise. His remains were
brought to South Bend for burial, and the
funeral was attended by the scholars and
their teachers, and by a large concourse of
son owing friends. Prof. Wilcox was twice
married, his first wife being Miss Harriet M.
Paimelee, of Connecticut. He left a widow,
Mrs. Carrie E. Wilcox, to survive him. and
this estimable lady, with her daughter, Grace
S. Wilcox, who is a valued teacher in the high
school to-day, now reside together in this city
at No. 121 South Chapin street. The other
children were Edward M. Wolcox, Willis P.
Wilcox and Helen M., a daughter.

ALVA WELLS.

Mr. Alva Wells, one of South Bend's most
respected citizens, a pioneer resident, and for
many years a successful business man, is a
native of New York, and was born in Onon-
daga County, near the City of Syracuse, Octo-
ber 3, 1826. His father was Benjamin Wells,
a millwright, and his mother Sylvia (Salmon)
Wells. Mr. Wells relates many interesting
reminiscences of his early life, and recalls
when he was six years of age, with Mr. Joseph
H. Hibberd, an honored citizen here, who at

ALVA WELLS,

that time was a neighbor, ran away to Syra-
cure and saw the first railroad train that ever
ran. This was in 1S35. Until he was four-
teen years of age he lived on the place where

SOUTH BEND

177

he was born, and in 1840 removed to Avoca,
Steuben County, New York. He learned the
use of tools in his father's shop, and when
he was sixteen years of age took a contract
to build a house, and then engaged in the
contracting business. He built the Erie rail-
way depot at Avoca, and then took a contract
to build sixteen threshing machines, and went
into a machine shop and finished the iron
woik for them. He was two years superin-
tendent of the machine shop, and then went
to Bath, New York, and engaged in the con-
tracting and building business. The panic
of 1857 saw Mr. Wells deeply in debt, but he
went bravely to work and paid every dollar,
and in 1867 came to South Bend, where he
has since resided. He worked at making tables
two years, and in 1869 took up contacting
and built the First Methodist Church in this
city. For four years he was engaged as a pat-
tern maker at Studebaker's. In 1880 he went
into the pattern business for himself in a
shop at the foot of Washington street. After
nine years he removed to a shop across the
race, and with his son, Elmer E. Wells, con-
tinued the business under the style of A. Wei s
& Son. In 1895, after an active and honored
life, he retired from business. He was married
in 1847 to Miss Maryett Smith, a native of
Oswego County, New York, who died in 1895.
In 1897 be was married to Mrs. Mary F. Scott
Pierce, and with his estimable wife resides
at No. 738 South Michigan street.

CAPTAIN EDWIN NICAR.

Captain Edwin Nicar is well known in com-
mercial circles of South Bend, and for the past
twenty-one years has been connected with the
Oliver Chilled Plow Woiks, and is in charge
of the advertising and foreign departments.
Mr. Nicar was born in Mishawaka, and is the
son of Robert B. Nicar, formerly a prominent
hardware merchant in this city, and Mary E.
(Llewellyn) Nicar. The father of Captain
Nicar was Treasurer of St. Joseph County for
six years, and was highly esteemed in the
community. Captain Nicar received his early
education in the public schools of this city,
and afterward entered the hardware store of
his father. When the civil war broke out
young Nicar was one of the first to respond to
President Lincoln's call for volunteers, and he
enlisted in the Fifteenth Regiment, Indiana
Infantry, and was made sergeant of Company
B. He carried a musket for six months, when

he was promoted to a second lieutenancy, was
afterward first lieutenant and adjutant, and
was then commissioned as captain of Company
H. He went through the campaign of 1861
in West Virginia with the army of that name.
Later his regiment was ordered to Louisville,
Ky., and formed part of the Army of the Ohio,
under General Buell. He participated in the
battle of Shiloh, and his regiment formed part
of the force that came to the assistance of
General Grant at that time. He was at the
siege of Corinth, and took part in the cam-
paigns in Northern Alabama and Mississippi.
He also participated in all of the battles in

CAPTAIN EDWIN NICAR.

which the Army of the Cumberland was en-
gaged, and was in the battles of Stone's River,
the siege of Chattanooga, the storming of Mis-
sionary Ridge, and the various engagements
and military operations of the Atlanta cam-
paign. Captain Nicar was wounded at the
battle of Stone's River, but soon recovered,
not having left his command. He was mus-
tered out on the completion of his term of
service, and returning to South Bend, he en-
gaged again in the hardware business, in
which he continued for eleven years. He served
as Clerk of the Circuit Court for four years,
and in 1879 he was engaged at the Oliver
Chilled Plow Works, where he has made an
honorable record for the past twenty-one
years. Captain Nicar is a prominent member
of the Grand Army of the Republic, and for

178

SOUTH BEND.

four years he was commander of Auten Post,
No. S, of South Bend. He was also elected
Department Commander in 1884 for the State
of Indiana, and won the econiums of his com-
rades in this state. Captain Nicar married
Miss Cora A. Beckwith, a resident of Michi-
gan, and his family consists of two sons. He
resides at No. 216 Noith Lafayette street.

EDWARD B. REYNOLDS.

Mr. Edward B. Reynolds, the vice president
of the First National Bank of South Bend, is

EDWARD I!. REYNOLDS.

d. native of this city and enjoys the esteem of
the community. He was horn June 28, 1859.
His father was Mr. Ethan S. Reynolds, who
was an active business man in this city for
many years, but now deceased, and his mother
was Janette (Briggs) Reynolds, who is still
living and resides in the old family homestead
at No. 225 West Washington street. Mr.
Reynolds leceived his education in the public
and high schools of this city, and on the
completion of his studies he entered into active
business in the paper mill conducted by h's
father. He remained with this establishment
for about fifteen years, when he retired from
active business life. His father was one of
the organizers of the bank, in which he was a
stockholder, diiector and vice president until
his death, when he was succeeded by his son,
Mr. Edward B. Reynolds. Mr. Reynolds is a

careful business man and a financier of recog-
nized ability, and his standing in the commun-
ity is of the highest. He is fond of travel and
observation, and has made extended trips to
all sections of the United States, Mexico and
Alaska, and has traveled over the continent
of Europe, and visited Egypt, Jerusalem, Con-
stantinople and other Oriental cities, tiaveling
through the whole of Japan and visiting the
larger cities of China. His last journey was
an interesting trip to the Klondike region dur-
ing last summer, which has furnished him
with many stirring reminiscences of the frigid
field of the modem gold seekers. Mr. Reynolds
also attended the Bankers' Convention at
Richmond, Va.. in October, as a financial repre-
sentative of South Bend. He is a member of
the Indiana and Country Clubs, and is promi-
nent in fraternal circles. In March, 1901.
Mayor Colfax appointed Mr. Reynolds a mem-
ber of the Board of Public Works, under the
new city charter.

D. D. BOWSHER.

Mr. Delevan D. Bowsher. president and
treasurer of the N. P. Bowsher Company, man-
ufacturers of feed mills and machine special-
ties, is a worthy successor of his honored

D. D. BOWSHER.

father in the management of the extensive
business of the company. Mr. Bowsher was
born in Ligonier, Ind., March 26, 1868, and
is a son of the late N. P. Bowsher, who found-

SOUTH BEND

179

ed the business. When he was three years
of age his parents removed to South Bend,
and here he attended the public schools and
graduated with an exceptionally creditab'e
record in 1884. For a short time he was en-
gaged by the South Bend Tribune, and then
entered the factory of his father, and has been
identified with its interests since that time.
During his connection with the company it
has developed from a modest mechanical ven-
ture into the present extensive proportions,
and has become one of the leading industries
of the city. Mr. Bowsher is a practical and
progressive business man, and is master of
every detail of the large and increasing busi-
ness. He resides at No. 808 West Washington
street.

ous citizens of South Bend began to call the
town "Pin Hook," from the peculiar shape
of the river at that point, and the sarcasm
of the nickname and the amusement it occa-
sioned practically killed the town, and the
reverend doctor's collegiate aspirations. Dr.
Dayton shortly removed to South Bend and
located permanently here, and to this day the
site of the old town of Portage is called "Pin
Hook." Prior to his coming here Dr. Day-
ton had an extensive practice in South Bend,
and it was largely increased when he settled
here. He was a polished and genial gentle-
man, generous, tender hearted, and possessed
all the individual elements of popularity, and
was deeply interested in the growth of the
village. The town was organized in 1831, with
a population of 128, but the o ganization was

DR. DANIEL DAYTON.

For more than fifty-three years of his quiet
and unassuming but useful and honored life,
Dr. Daniel Dayton was identified with the
growth and progress of South Bend, and his
lamented death, which occurred May 26, 1889,
was regarded as a public bereavement. He
was a native of New Hampshire, and was
born May 27, 1806. His ancestors were of the
old Dayton and Morey families of England,
who came to America and located in New
England in 1640. He received an excellent
education and afterwaid took a classical course
at Union College, New York, where he grad-
uated in 1831. During his last year he com-
menced the study of medicine, and after his
graduation entered Dartmouth Col ege, New
Hampshire, where he was awarded the degree
of A. M., and then graduated from the Medical
College at Geneva, New Yoik, in 1836. He
began the practice of his profession at once
at Syracuse, N. Y., and the same year was
married to Miss Catherine Pell, and came west,
locating in St. Joseph County, Indiana. At
that time Judge Elisha Egbert had founded
a rival town to South Bend, about two miles
down the river, which he called Portage, and
Dr. Dayton was induced by Judge Egbert to
settle there on his arrival in this locality. At
that time Portage had two taverns, two gener-
al stores, two blacksmith shops and several
other minor enterprises. Among the residents
were Rev. Abner Morse, a gentleman of learn-
ing and eloquence, but somewhat eccentric.
He proposed to establish a college of learn-
ing at Portage, but about this time the envi-

t**\

DR. DANIEL DAYTON.

abandoned in 1837 and not resumed until 1845.
Then Hon. John Brownfield was chosen first
president; William H. Patterson, clerk, and
as smallpox was epidemic at the time, Drs.
Dayton, Humphreys, Sheffield, Brown and
Merritt, and Messrs. A. M. LaPierre and B. F.
Miller, were appointed as a Boaid of Health,
the two latter to take care of the patients,
because they had already had the disease.

180

SOUTH BEND

Among Dr. Dayton's patients at this time was
Hon. Schuyler Colfax, who was stricken with
the disease, and between these two men a
friendship was formed which lasted through
life. In 1846 Dr. Dayton succeeded Mr. Colfax
as Assessor of South Bend, and after that he
served as Town Treasurer. Dr. Dayton, early
in the history of the city, was proprietor of
the Sheffield drug store on North Michigan
street, and when the Maine law was in force
here, in 1852 and 1854, he was designated to
dispense liquor for medicinal purposes, so great
was the public confidence reposed in him. Aft-
er the incorporation of the City of South Bend,
Dr. Dayton was a member of the City Council
for several years, and was instrumental in
effecting many improvements and advancing
the best interests of the city. When the war
of the rebellion occurred he was appointed
Examining Surgeon of the Army, and had
charge of the examination of all enlisted men
before enrollment, with headquarters at
Michigan City. He filled this position until
the close of the war, when he returned home
and resumed his active practice. His life
was an epitome of good deeds and kindly acts.
Broad minded and charitable to a marked de-
gree, his hand was ever extended to help the
needy and unfortunate. A foe to cant and
hypocrisy, his life was an earnest, open, un-
remitting effort to help and elevate his fellow
man. and to build up a high and nobler civiU-
zation. Next to his great love for his family
was his warm regard for the soldiers who
went forth to battle for their country, and he
was always the soldier's iriend. He was one
of the organizers of the Grand Army of the
Republic, and was a member of the local post
from 1866 until his death. Shortly after com-
ing to South Bend an infant daughter died,
and his first wife passed away in 1840. and
her death was followed by that of his re-
maining daughter, Sarah Frisbee. On Janu-
ary 11, 1844, Dr. Dayton was married to Miss
Anna Maria Wade, a sister of the late Colonel
A. B. Wade, of the Seventy-third Indiana Regi-
ment, and this union was blessed with two
children. Mary J., who became the wife of Mr.
Samuel T. Applegate. and who is now deceased,
and James H. Dayton, Captain in the United
States Navy. Mrs. Dayton, the estimable and
accomplished widow of the honored doctor,
is still living in this city, endeared to hosts
of friends, and her declining years are cheered
and brightened by the warm regard of the
many who have known her through life, and by
the tender care and affection of her npble son.

A. D. BAKER.
Mr. A. D. Baker, secretary and treasurer
of the South Bend Chilled Plow Company,
is one of the leading business men of the
city, and since 1878 has been connected with
the company of which he is a prominent offi-
cial. Mr. Baker was horn in Decatur, Illinois,
April 25, 1865, and is the son of the late George
W. Baker and Katherine (Dewey) Baker. His
father was one of the organizers and a promi-
nent official of the company for nearly a quar-
ter o! a century. Mr. Baker received his early
education in Decatur, and learned the trade
of a watchmaker and silversmith, being ap-

A. D. BAKER.

prenticed for three years, which he faithfully
served. He removed to South Bend in 1878
and entered the works of the South Bend
Chilled Plow Company, where he devoted his
best energies to the advancement of its inter-
ests. After occupying various positions of a
minor character, he was made vice president,
and upon the death of his father, in 1900, was
made secretary and treasurer of the company
to succeed him, which position he now holds.
He is a practical business man of progressive
ideas, and has managed the affairs of the
company with rare skill and ability. He is
prominently known in the community, and is
the president of the Indiana Club of this
city. Mr. Baker was mariied to Miss Bessie
Hines, of Madison, Indiana, and with his esti-
mable wife resides at No. 726 West Washing-
ton street.

SOUTH BEND.

181

WILLIAM L. TEMPLE.

Mr. William Lewis Temple, secretary and
treasurer of the Temple & Ellis Company,
one of the largest manufacturers of cigars in
the state, is a native of English, Crawford
County, Indiana, and was born January 15,
1858. He was a son of Mr. William L. Temple,
a prominent druggist, and a clerk and treas-
urer of that county, and of Martha (Landers)
Temple. Until he was twelve years of age he
attended the public schools at Leavenworth,
the county seat of Crawford County. Where
his parents removed when he was nine years
of age. In 1870 young Temple went into
the County Treasurer's office, his father being

WILLIAM L. TEMPLE.

County Treasurer, and served there two years.
At the expiration of that lime his father was
elected County Clerk, and Mr. Temple was
made chief deputy clerk, being then but fif-
teen years old. He next went to Lincoln, Ne-
braska, where he was private secretary to the
Warden of the Nebraska State Prison, and
remained one year. He returned to Leaven-
worth and entered the County Clerks office,
where he lemained until 1875, when he went
into the drug business with nis father, under
the style of William L. Temple & Son. Here
he continued until 18S2, when he was elected
County Auditor, and served until 1886, when
he was twenty years of age, being the youngest
county official ever elected in the state of

Indiana. He then went on the road, traveling
tor a wholesale and manufacturing cigar
house, and then went with the wholesale drug
house of A. Kiefer & Co., of Indianapolis,
where he had charge of the cigar department.
In 1890 he came to South Bend and organized
and incorporated the Temple, Hummel & El-
lis Company and started in the manufacture
of cigars. After seven years Mr. Hummel
retired and the present company was organ-
ized. The company is one of the largest in
the west, and its handsome four story and
basement factory at Wayne and Carroll
streets, gives employment to 700 persons. The
company manufactures high grade cigars, its
leading brands being "Wedding Blossom" and
"Thomas A. Hendricks," in ten cent goods,
and "A Star 1," "Secietary Gage" and "Pad-
lock" in nickel goods. Over 100 brands are
made, and fully 50,000,000 cigars turned out
annually. Mr. Temple is a business man of
ability and integrity, and is a member of
the Indiana Club. He was married in 1879
to Miss Mary L. Scott, of Leavenworth, Indi-
ana, and resides at No. 347 Colfax avenue.
For the past four years Mr. Temple has lived
in Denver, Coloiado. Returning east, he was
in Galveston, Texas, during the terrible tidal
wave which swept away the city in September,
1900, and killed thousands of people. Mr.
Temple was a guest at a leading hotel there at
the time.

PEKKINS ELLIS.
Mr. Perkins Ellis, president of the Temple
& Ellis Company, manufacturers of cigars,
is a native of Virginia, and was born in the
city of Richmond, January 25, 1S61. His
father, Richard S. Ellis, was an extensive and
wealthy land owner in Southern Virginia, and
was engaged in several large enterprises in
Richmond. His mother was Nannie F. (Per-
kins) Ellis, and his family is one of the promi-
nent ones of the Old Dominion. When he
had completed his education he spent two
years on his father's farm, and then went to
Richmond, where he engaged with the Ivey
& Powell Tobacco Company, where he re-
mained two years, when he went with the
firm of Allen & Ginter, cigarette manufactur-
ers. After two years with this firm he went
to Louisville, Kentucky, where he had charge
of a branch house of tne firm for five years,
in 1891 he came to South Bend and became a
member of the Temple, Hummel & Ellis Com-
pany, which was organized and incorporated
in that year, and purchased the business of

182

SOUTH BEND

the Mutual Union Cigar Company, which had
been established tour years previous. Two
years later Mr. Hummel retired and Messrs.
W. L. Temple and Mr. Ellis reorganized the
company under a new charter, with Mr. Ellis
as president and Mr. Temple as secretary and
treasurer, the same existing to-day. When
Mr. Ellis started in the business the company
employed but seventy persons, and in 1900
there were over 300 employes, and they man-
ufactured 12,000,000 cigars. In 1901 the com-
pany erected a four story and basement fac-
tory at Wayne and Carroll streets, with a
capacity of 50,000.000 cigars annually and em-

PEKK1XS ELLIS.

ploying 700 persons. The company does an
enormous business in the South, No.thwest,
and West, its leading brands of cigars being
"Wedding Blossom" and" Thomas A. Hen-
ricks" in ten cent goods, and "A Star 1,"
"Secretary Gage" and "Padlock" in nickel
goods. Over a hundred different brands are
manufactured. Mr. Ellis is a most capable
and energetic business man, a public spirited
citizen and prominent in social and fraternal
life. He was married in 1889 to Miss Adele
Davidson, of Uniontown, Alabama, and his es-
timable wife died the following year.

COL. NORMAN EDDY.

Col. Norman Eddy was one of the most dis-
tinguisned citizens of South Bend, and his
death, which occurred at indianapoiis, on Jan-
uary 28, 1872, while he was Secretary of State
of Indiana, was deeply depiored by all. Colonel
Eddy was a native of New York, and was born
at Scipio, Cayuga County, December 10, 1810.
He was of English ancestry, the first of the
name In America coming to New England in
1630. His tatner was an early settler of New
York State, and a successful farmer of that
state, and his motner was of an early Con-
necticut family. The young man attended the
country schools until he was sixteen years
of age, when he went to Cazenovia Seminary,
where he remained until the comp.etion of
his studies. He was a natural student, and
his mother desired him to study for the min-
istry, but he preferred uie army, and seeking
to enter West Point, was unsuccessful. He
then chose the law and became a student in
the otnce of William H. Seward, who was
Secretary of State under President Lincoln.
His choice of a profession not meeting with
his mothers favor, he decided to study medi-
cine, and became a student in the office of
Dr. James S. Hahn, who was practicing in
Canoga, New \ork. In 1S33 he entered Jef-
ferson College, at Philadelphia, studying un-
der such learned Instructors as Drs. Jackson,
Hare and others, and graduated in 1835.
shortly afterward he was mairied to Anna
M. Me.chior, daughter of Horatio Laurens
M. Meichior, daughter of Horatio Laurens
loo, New York. After four years experience
he determined to go west, and in 1S40 he
accepted the flattering inducements offered
him by Wmiam and Nathaniel Lee, of Mish-
awaka, Indiana, and located in that town. He
remained there in successiul practice for sev-
en years, and then removed to South Bend,
where he formed a partnership with the late
Dr. Louis Humphreys. He still, however, had
a desire to practice law, ana he commenced a
course of legal studies, being admitted to the
bar on April 1, j.847, and iorming a partner-
ship with Hon. Joseph Jernegan, a leading
attorney of South Bend. He was a warm ad-
vocate of Democratic principles, and with
others established the "iHishawaka Tocsin,"
but it did not prove a financial success. Dur-
ing the war with Mexico he organized a com-
pany of cavalry, but it was not accepted by
the government. As a lawyer he opened his
way to public life, and three years afterward
he was elected State Senator. Among the

SOUTH BEND,

183

measures advocated by him and passed were
increased allowances to the Blind, Deaf and
DumD and Insane Asylums, the prevention of
aliens absorbing the lands of the state against
actual settlers, and the purchase of whole
townships for a few cents per acre by specu-
lators and swamp sharks. In 1852 he was
elected to Congress, hut two years later was
defeated for reelection by Schuyler Colfax, on
the Kansas-Nebraska issue. In 1855 he was
appointed by President Pierce as Attorney
General for Minnesota Territory, and Piesi-
dent Buchanan tendered him the Ministry to
The Hague and Netherlands, which he was
constrained to decline. In 1857 he was ap-
pointed Commissioner for the sale of the

f «s *££ yk

COL. NORMAN EDDY.

Delaware trust lands, and he performed these
duties with his usual fidelity, the Indians
expressing a wish to adopt him into their
tribe. When tne war of the rebellion oc-
curred Colonel Eddy's patriotism was aroused,
and without regaid for party affiliations he
organized the Forty-eighth Indiana Volunteers
and was commissioned as its Colonel. He
tought with distinguished bravery and was se-
verely wounded at the battle of luka. He a. so
participated in the battles of Grand Gulf,
Coiinth, and the siege of Vicksburg until its
suriender, and other important engagements,
and after Vicksburg was taken he resigned be-
cause of the wounds he had received and re-
turning home resumed the practice of law.

In 1865 he was appointed Collector of In-
ternal Revenue by President Johnson, and in
1870 he was elected Secretaiy of State by the
Democrats of Indiana. Here, as elsewhere,
his high character was impressed upon the
office he held, and he won the confidence of
both political parties. His failing health,
however, was not sufficient for his arduous
duties, and at last, on January 28, 1S72, at
the age of sixty-one years, he passed away
from the cares and the honors of earth. As a
citizen lie was active and progressive, as a
statesman he was wise and pure, as a soldier
brave and patriotic, and in his private life
he was not less true, honoiab.e and levered,
in his nature he was generous and sympa-
thetic, his heart was always open to appeal,
and his hand gave freely, it may be said of
him that "he loved not his neighbor as well,
but better than himself. " At the bar he was
always a leading advocate and won the warm
regard of his legal associates, who paid a
touching tribute to his memory. His name is
peipetuated by a Grand Army Post and a
Woman s Relief corps named in his honor.
Mrs. Eddy, his widow, died February 3, 18S1.
Uf his six children three are living. His only
son, Owen, filled the unexpired term of his
lather, and was afterward Band Commission-
er. He dieu in Indianapolis in December,
1887.

CALVERT H. DEFREES.

Mr. Calvert H. Defrees, the well known con-
tractor and builder of sidewalks and paving,
is a native of South Bend, and a business
man of high standing and integrity, and has
won success by tully deserving u. He was
born in 1859, and is a son of Joseph H.
Defrees and Sarah (Calvert) Defrees. When
a boy he attended the public schools here,
and had a good education and training. Mr.
Defrees began his business career in the con-
tracting business as a street paver and builder
of cement sidewalks, and has continued in this
line and made a high reputation for the ex-
cellence and high character of his work. There
is hardly a street in South Bend but shows
his work in either paving or sidewalk build-
ing. He also does cement work for cellars,
breweries, markets, private drives, etc. Mr.
Defrees employs only the most skilled men in
these lines, and his facilities are such that
he can promptly fill any contract. Mr. Defrees
has been twice married. His first wife, Miss
Ella Curl, to whom he was married in 1S78,
died in 1883. Two years later he married Miss

184

SOUTH BEND.

Mary S. Brown, and resides at No. 315 South
Taylor street. Among the many contracts
completed by Mr. Defrees may be mentioned
the paving with brick of Vistula avenue, St.

CALVERT II. DBFKEES.

Joseph street, Carroll street, South Main
street, North Michigan street, Hudson court,
Leland avenue, LeMont terrace, Chapin
street, South Michigan street, East Water
street, South street, Paris street, West Jef-
ferson street, Walnut street, and others. He
built the sewers in Vistula avenue, North
Main, East Water, Gushing, South Michigan,
Washington, Collax, Carroll, Division, St. Jo-
seph, Circle avenue, West Washington and
other streets.

HON. JOHiS B. STOLE.

Ho.i. John B. Stoll, the able editor and pro-
prietor of "The South Bend Times," has long
been recognized as a forceful and successful
journalist, and as one ot the intellectual lead-
ers of the Democratic party in Indiana. He
is a native of Germany, and was born in the
Kingdom of Wurtemoerg, March 13, 1843.
His father was a large land owner, and was
drowned in the River Murg, and the son was
born several months after his death. He
found a home with his grandparents, and at
six years of age he first attended school. In
1853 he came to America with his mother and
located at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, where

two years later his mother died and he was
left an orphan at the age of twelve years.
Being thrown upon his own resources the boy
sought any employment that promised suffi-
cient return for his daily needs, and after fol-
lowing a number of occupations he secured
employment in the printing office of the Har-
risburg "Telegiaph" and "Der Vaterlands-
Waeehter." This was the turning point of
his life, and marked the beginning of a career
which has won for him honor in the field of
journalism. He mastered the English lan-
guage, was a great student and an incessant
reader, and being offered the opportunity of
studying for the ministry, he chose instead
the active field of politics. Though a Demo-
crat, he opposed the extension of slavery- In
I860, though only seventeen years of age, he
was chosen a delegate to the Douglas State
Convention, and delivered a masterly speech
at the ratification meeting held in Johnstown,
Pennsylvania. He made the acquaintance of
the leading men of his party and went to
Middlebuig, where he worked as a journey-
man on the "People's Friend." In 1863,
though but twenty years of age, he purchased
the paper, which he greatly improved. The
following year he was elected a member of

HON. JOHN B. STOLL.

the School Boara, and later was chosen as
Auditor of Snyder County. He came to Indi-
ana in 1866 and began the publication of the
"Ligonier Banner," and three years later he

SOUTH BEND.

185

established and edited the Laporte "Argus."
In 1873 he edited the South Bend "Courier,'
published in German. Afterward he purchased
the Elkhart "Daily and Weekly Democrat,'
subsequently the Elkhart "Monitor," in 1881
He organized the Press Association o£ North
era Indiana, and was its president for six
years, and in January, 1881, was one of the
organizers of the Democratic State Editorial
Association, and was its first president. As
a newspaper writer Mr. Stoll is forceful, clear
and convincing, and he has won a wide repu-
tation as a public speaker. He is a progres-
sive journalist, and under his management
"The Times" has become a successful business
enterprise and commands the respect and
patronage of men of all parties. Mr. Stoll
has also been engaged in other business en-
terprises, and is regarded as one of the
successful and prominent business men of
this city, and is highly esteemed. He was
married in 1861, and his family consisted of
eight children, four of whom are now living —
Ella C, Eva B., Edgar A. and Elmer Roscoe.
Mr. Stoll is a public spirited citizen in the
highest sense and has ever labored for the
material welfare and advancement of the City
or South Bend.

JAMES B. STALEY.

Prominent among the progressive and suc-
cessful real estate dealers in this city must
be mentioned the name of Mr. James B. Staley,
of the well known firm of Staley & Robinson,
whose handsome offices are located at No. 110
South Michigan sreet. Mr. Staley was born
in Plymouth, Indiana, August 26, 1862, and his
father, S. S. Staley, was a prominent farmer,
woolen manufacturer and tanner in that local-
ity. He attended the district schools in the
vicinity of his home, and in 1879 he came to
South Bend, where he was engaged in the
woolen mill of A. C. Staley & Co., and then
for eight years was engaged in the machinery
department of the Singer Sewing Machine
Company, during the last three years of which
he was assistant engineer. He was then en-
gaged in the manufactory of Wilson Bros, as
machinist and engineer, where he remained
twelve years. During this time Mr. Staley was
engaged in the real estate business, devoting
his time to it in the evenings, and succeeded
in building up a large business. In May, 1899,
he formed a partnership with Mr. Samuel M.
Robinson, under the name of James B. Staley
& Co., which, in January, 1900, was changed
to Staley and Robinson. The firm does an ex-

tensive business in real estate, loans and in-
surance, and during the year their transac-
tions amounted to $400,000.00. They are part
owners of the City View Place Subdivision,
The LaSalle Park Addition, and are own-
ers and agents for Robinson's & Haugh-
ton's Addition, and for lots in Arnold's
and Fisher's Subdivisions, and a number of
other fine tracts in various parts of the city.
Mr. Staley is largely interested in rich yield-
ing oil lands in Adams and Jasper Counties,
Indiana, and in ten counties in the State of

..-**"**

• *■

JAMES B. STALEY,

Kentucky, in the Mount Sterling Oil and
Gas Company, and in the Indiana Oil and As-
phalt Company. He is also interested in about
300,000 acres of coal lands in Kentucky, which
yield both the cannel and bituminous coal,
which show about 28,000 tons to the acre
where developed. Mr. Staley is also connect-
ed with the Indiana Anchor Fence Company.
He is an enterprising and energetic business
man, and has been remarkably successful in
all his undertakings. He is well known in
the community, and is highly esteemed, and
is a member of the Knights of Pythias and
the K. O. T. M. Mr. Staley was married to
Miss Amelia Leppke, of South Bend, and has
an interesting family of five children. His
home is located at No. 907 Prairie avenue.

186

SOUTH BEND.

SAMUEL M. ROBINSON.

Mr. Samuel M. Robinson, of the well known
firm of Staley & Robinson, whose suite of
offices is located at No. 110 South Michigan
street, has been identified with the commer-
cial interests of this city for nearly a quar-
ter 01 a centuiy. He is a native of Michigan
and was born near St. Joseph, in Berrien
County, of that siate, April 2, 1882. His father,
John Robinson, now deceased, was a p.om-
inent farmer in that locality. Mr. Robmson
attended the district schools in the vicinity
of his home, and when but fourteen years
of age commenced the task of earning a liv-
ing for himself. He came to South Bend in
1876 and entered the employ of George Wy-
man & Co., as a boy. He remained with this
firm until January, 1900, gradually forging to
the front until he became a partner in that
extensive establishment. Mr. Robinson was
always energetic and ambitious to succeed,
and by his own efforts and piogressive shrewd-
ness has attained his present prominence in
the commuity. He connected himself with Mr.
James B. Staley in the real estate, loan and
insurance business in May, 1899, under the
firm name of James B. Staley & Co., but
on his retirement from the firm of George
Wyman & Co. he devoted himself entirely to
this business and the Aim was changed to
Staley & Robinson January 1, 1900. Mr. Rob-
inson was first interested with Dudley M.
Shively and F.G.Conklin, in the purcnase of rich
oil lands in Indiana, kuowu as the Interstate
Oil Company, which were disposed of at a
handsome sum. .Later he devoted himself
largely to the investigation of prospective oil
fields in liiis state and Kentucky, and is the
owner of many valuable oil and coal proper-
ties. He is now interested in the ownership
of 600 acies and the control by least of 15,000
acies of rich oil lands, which piomise abun-
dant returns on the original investment. These
lands are located in Jasper County, Indiana,
and Mr. Robinson Is also part owner in large
holdings in Adams County, and developments
are being made in these properties. Mr. Rob-
inson is the president of the Mount Sterling
Oil and Gas Company, and the Indiana Oil
and Asphalt Company. The firm of Staley
& Robinson is also interested in options on
about 300,000 acres of coal lands in Kentucky,
in which are found large veins of cannel
and other bituminous coals of excellent qual-
ity, and which, being located above the water
level, can be mined at nearly one-half the
cost of coal found below that line. In some

instances the mines show a yield of 2S,000 tons
to the acre. In their real estate transactions
the firm of Staley & Robinson has been re-
maikably successful, and aggregated about
$400,000.00 during the first year of its opera-
tions. The firm is part owner of the City View
Place Addition, the LaSalle Park Addition,
and agents and part owners of the Robinson
& Haughton's Addition, and of lots in Arnold's
and Fisher's Additions, and in other tracts in
and near the city. Mr. Robinson is also a
stockholder in the Indiana Anchor Fence
Company and a number of other local enter-

SAMUEL M. KOBINSON.

prises. He is an active business man of
high reputation and progressive ideas, and has
won deserved success in every field of opera-
tions in which he nas been engaged. He en-
joys the confidence and esteem of the com-
munity, and is a member of the Commercial-
Athletic Club, the Lodge and Encampment of
Odd Fellows, and for two terms was the
Commander of the Knights of the Maccabees
in this city. He was married to Mary S.
Sigerfoose, of El'khart County, and with his
estimable wife and son resides at No. 925
West Washington street.

DR. WILLIAM B. BLACKSTONE.

Dr. William B. Blackstone, who has recently
established himself in the practice of his pio-
fession here, is an able physician, who has
had an extensive practice and a wide experi-

SOUTH BEND

187

ence at Crown Point, Indiana, for nearly fif-
teen years. He was born in Hebion, Indiana,
February 8, 1860. His father. Dr. J. K. Black-
stone, was in successful practice there for

WILLIAM (J. MlSHLER.

Mr. Wihiam C. Mishler, the president of the
Mishler, Penrod & Abbott Company, extensive
manufacturer and exporters of hardwood
lumber, whose business extends all over the
United States and Europe, is a native of
Goshen, Indiana, and was born March 5, 1849.
He is the son of Peter S. and Rachel (Croyle)
Mishler, both natives of Johnstown, Pennsyl-
vania, but who came to Indiana and engaged
in the farming and saw mill business, when
Mr. Mishler was but a boy. He attended the
public schools at Goshen, and after complet-
ing his education he worked for his father
until 1876, when he went to the lumber distiict
of Michigan. On his return he moved to
Goshen, and for twelve years was connected
with the prominent lumber concern known as
the Lesh, Saunders & Egbert Company, dur-
ing the last six years of which he was a mem-
ber of the company. In 1S94 Mr. Mishler
operated at Wakarusa, Indiana, in partnership
with Mr. C. C. Shaffer, and remained theie
two years, after which they removed the busi-
ness to oouth Bend as the firm of Shaffer &
Mishler. At the expiration of two years he
purchased Mr. Shaffer's interest, and in 1898
reorganized it under the style of the present

DK. WILLIAM li. BLAC'KSTONE.

many years, and his b. other is also a member
of the medical profession. He attended the
State Univeisity at Bioomington. and is a
graduate of the Medical Department of the
Northwestern University of Illinois, in the
class of 1884, and for a year was resident
physician and surgeon at St. Luke's Hospital
in Chicago. He established himself at Crown
Point, and has been in practice the.e until
lie came to South Bend. He is an expert
physician and surgeon, and has been most suc-
cessful in t. eating chronic diseases. He has
a handsome suite of offices in the new Arnold
building at 216 West Jefferson street, where
he has insta.led a nebulizing apparatus and
a complete static battery for perfect X ray
examinations under the Roentgen system, the
only one of its kind in the city. He has made
a close study of tne application of the X ray,
and does a rapidly increasing business. He
is a member of the Indiana State Medical
and Lake County Medical Societies, and is
a contributor to leading medical journals. He
was married to Miss Lou Smith, and resides
at No. 312 South Lafayette street.

WILLIAM C. MISHLER.

coiporation, of which he became the president
and active business head. Mr. Mishler is one
of the best informed lumber mei chants in the
west. He is a man of forceful character and

188

SOUTH BEND.

indomitable energy, and has earned a high
reputation in the business community. In
addition to his lumber interests, he is a stock-
holder of the Elkhart County Trust and Sav-
ings Company. In 1892 he was married to Miss
Eva Brown, and resides with his famLy at
uoshen, Indiana, where he owns a handsome
home.

ANDREW .1. WARD.
Mr. Andrew J. Ward, who was for many
years engaged in the livery and transfer busi-
ness in this city, is a native of St. Joseph
County, and one of the best known men in
the community. He was born February 27,
1844, and his father, George Ward, was a suc-
cessful farmer in that locality. Mr. Ward

active business. In December, 1900, Mr. Ward
was appointed Po.ice Commissioner by Gov-
ernor Mount, with the consent and approval
of Governor-elect Durbin, to fill the vacancy
on the board occasioned by the death of David
H. Leeper. Mr. Ward was chosen over a long
list of competitors for this responsible posi-
tion. Mr. Ward is a gentleman who is held
in the highest esteem by all who know him,
and a man who has led an unusually active
and successful life.

AMJHIOW .1. WARD.

was engaged in farming pursuits for many
years in this locality and always took a deep
interest in public affairs. He was Trustee
and Assessor of Harris Township for several
years, and in 1889 was elected Sheriff of St.
Joseph County, which office he filled with hon-
or and credit. In 1895 he established a livery
business on Jefferson street, which he suc-
cessfully conducted until 1898, when he be-
came engaged in the transfer business at Nos.
216-218 North Michigan street, and built up
the largest business of its kind in the city,
and one that afforded a perfect service. On
October 20, 1900, Mr. Ward sold his transfer
business to Newman & Co., and retired from

BENJAMIN F. MILLER.
An honored citizen of South Bend, and one
who was a strenuous leader in the cause of
human liberty long before civil war eman-
cipated the slaves of the South and abolished
slavery forever from our land, was Mr. Ben-
jamin F. Miller, whose death occurred in this
city April 17, 18SS, at the ripe age of seventy-
seven years. Mr. Miller was a Pennsylvanian
by birth, and was born in Westmoreland
county, July 27, 1811. His father, Francis
Miller, was of Scotch-Irish ancestry, and a
man of fine scholarly atcainments. Under his
influence the son early developed a taste for
literature and decided to adopt the profes-
sion of journalism. He learned the printing
business in the office of "Genius of Liberty,"
at Cniontown, Fayette County, and while
there formed the acquaintance of Hon. John
Brownfield, B. F. Price, anu others, who after-
ward attained prominence in this city. At
twenty years of age he founded a paper called
"The Philanthropist, - a strong and leading
anti-slavery publication. He soon was intense-
ly hated by the slave owners of the South,
and as warmly admired by the abolitionists
of the North. In 18i!5 ne was induced to
locate his paper in Cincinnati, Ohio, by Hon.
James G. Birney, an ardent abolition leader,
who had freed his own slaves in Danville,
Kentucky, and then led the moral crusade
against slavery. These two men joined hands
and printed their paper jointly, and were the
organizers of the great Liberty party. About
a year afterward the office of the paper was
seized by a party of slave owners from Cov-
ington, Kentucky, and their presses, types
and materials thrown into the Ohio river.
Though left without means, both men re-
mained ardent advocates of human freedom,
and Mr. Miller then took charge of a paper
in West Chester, Pennsylvania. "The Phil-
anthropist" was revived, and in 1840 and 1844
Mr. Birney was the nominee of the Libeity
party for President of the United States. Mr.

SOUTH BEND

180

Miller remained in West Chester until 1838,
and Bayard Taylor, the great author, was his
apprentice. After leaving Pennsylvania Mr.
Miller came to South Bend, where his father.

BENJAMIN P. MILLEK.

mother, three brothers and two sisters had
previously located, and he took a position in
the "South Bend Free Press" which was pur-
chased by the Hon. Schuyler Colfax in 1845
and changed to "The Register." as an editorial
writer and manager of the paper during the
absence of the publisher. In 1852 he was
elected Sheriff of the county by the Whigs,
and ably served two terms. In 1867 his son,
Alfred B. Miller, and son-in-law, Elmer
Crockett, became the proprietors of "The
Register," and although he was nearly sixty
years of age, he entered the printing office
and set type for the paper for nearly five
years. When "The Tribune" was founded by
these same gentlemen, Mr. Miller set the type
on that successful and enterprising journal
until he was seventy-two years old, when he
was persuaded to retire from active business
life. His remaining years were passed among
his books and papers, and to the last he kept
himself fully informed upon all the important
topics of the times and current literature.
He was a charter member of the Sons of Tem-
perance, the Temple of Honor and the Good
Templars, and one of the earliest members
of South Bend Loage of Odd Fellows. On
September 18, 1833, he was married to Miss

Eliza Baird, of Payette County, Pennsylvania,
who died September 21, 1885. He had seven
children, three ot whom died in their infancy.
Robert B. Miller, a prominent journalist in
California, died in 1880, and Alfred B. Miller
was for years connected with the South Bend
Tribune. His daughter, Annie, is now the
estimable wife of Mr. Elmer Crockett, and
Fermine is the wife of Mr. John M. Deffen-
baugh. Mr. Miller was a consistent member
of the Presbyterian Church, and was a most
genial and companionable gentleman. He was
ever geneious in his nature and always re-
sponded to an appeal for assistance, and his
death was deeply mourned.

CHARLES G. FOLSOM.

Mr. Chailes G. Folsom, one of South Bend's
successful manufacturers, is a native of Water-
loo, Seneca County, New York, and was born
November 2, 1845. Mr. Folsom comes of hardy
Yankee stock, whose progenitors figured in
the revolutionary war. His father, Benjamin
Folsom, was a native of Vermont, and comes
of that branch of the Folsom family of which
Colonel William Folsom, aid-de-camp oil Gen-
eral Washington's staff, was a member. His

CHARLES G. FOLSOM.

mother was Polly (Sedgwick) Folsom, and
conies of a family prominent in the early
history of the settlements along the Mohawk
Valley. Mr. Folsom's father was a wagon

SOUTH BEND

maker by trade, and later was widely known
as a railway contractor and builder. Young
Fo'.som lived at Waterloo -until lie was three
years of age, when his parents removed to
Hornellsville, New York, where he attended
the public schools. In 1S51 he removed to
Adrian, Michigan, where he also attended
school, and in 185"6 he removed to Olive Town-
ship, St. Joseph County, where he engaged
in farming. He then returned to Adrian, where
he remained four years, and then went to
Detroit, where he learned the trade of a sheet
iron worker. On August 28. 1866, he returned
to South Bend, and was employed one year by
the firm of Nicar, Deming & Nicar. and then
went to Champaign County, Illinois, where he
engaged in the uairy business and lived five
years. In 1873 he returned to South Bend
and bought out the business of G. L. Dunham,
at 122 South Michigan street. He afterward
went to Rolling Prairie, Indiana, where he was
engaged in the hardware business six years.
In 1885 he came back to South Bend and
worked at his tiade. and in 1888 went to Chat-
atnooga. Tennessee. For five years he traveled
for Miller & Knoblock and the Birdsell Com-
pany, and in 1893 started in his present busi-
ness. Mr. Folsom is an extensive manufacturer
of heavy sheet iion work, and also makes
mail boxes for the new rural free delivery
service. His plant is large and specially fitted,
and employment is given to a large force, and
his products are shipped to all parts of the
country. Mr. Folsom is purely a self made
man, and he is an energetic and capable man
of high standing. He is a member of the
American Society of Heating and Ventilating
Engineers of New York City. He was married
in 1867 to Miss Katheiine France, of Rolling
Piairie, Indiana, who died April 9, 1890. He
was married a second time. July 15, 1891, to
Miss Saiah Jane Cassell, of Elkhart, and re-
sides at No. 630 South Michigan street.

VIRGIN1US NIUAR.

Mr. Virginius Nicar, who is at present prom-
inently engaged in the real estate business,
has been identified with the history of South
Bend since early boyhood. He was born in
Mishawaka. November 1, 1841, and is the son
of Robert B. and Mary E. (.Llewellyn) Nicar.
His father, who came to South Bend in 1851,
was engaged in the hardware business, and
for six yeais was County Treasurer of St.
Joseph County. Young Nicar was educated in
the public schools of this city, and later at-
tended Hi.lsdale College. He naturally adopt-

ed the business of his father, and also learned
the tinner's trade. In 1865, in connection with
his brother, Edwin, he purchased the busi-
ness, which was carried on under the name of
Nicar, Deming & Co. During the war of the
rebellion, although but a youth, he enlisted in
the volunteers, but the quota of the state being
filled, he was not called upon to serve. In
1875 he sold out his nardware business and
was engaged in farming for ten years in this
county. He then became purchasing agent
for the Birdsell Manufacturing Company, and
remained in this position four years. In 1890
he engaged in his present business, and has
been largely interested in local real estate
and mortgage investments. He successfully

VIliUlNIUS NICAK.

handled the Linden Place Addition for Messrs.
Rapp. Sibley & Fasshaeht, and the Cushing and
Lindsay Additions, and now devotes much of
his time to that valuable property known as
Taylors Field Addition. He was married to
Miss Mary T. Taylor, the youngest daughter
of Lathi op M. Taylor, who at one time owned
nearly the entire ground upon which this city
is built. Mr. Nicar is an energetic business
man of progressive ideas, and is widely known.
For the past five years he has been Township
Assessor for Poitage Township. He is also
interested in the mining business in Montana
and Idaho, and is the p: esident of the South
Bend and Montana Mining and Milling Com-
pany. He has one son, Mr. Robert L. Nicar,
who is the manager of the company.

SOUTH BEND

191

ROLLO G. PAGE.

Mr. Rollo G. Page, the young and enterpris-
ing lumber merchant, is a member of the firm
of Martin & Page, whose extensive yaids and
planing mill is located at No. 1713 South Mieh-

JOHN G. HARTMAN.

Among the young, enterprising and success-
ful business men of South Bend must be men-
tioned the name of Mr. John G. Hartman,
whose office is located at No. 125 East Jef-
ferson street. Mr. Hartman is a native of
tne Dominion of Canada, and was born at
Berlin, Januaiy 27. 1874. His father was Gott-
lieb Hartman, now deceased, but who was well
Known in Canada and in this city. In 1878
Mr. Hartman's parents removed to South
Bend, and here he attended the public and
high schools. He early commenced the busi-
ness of buying and selling real estate, and the
erection of houses for purchasers of lots, and
has achieved a well earned success. Since
1895, when he first commenced business, he
has erected over one hundred and fifty houses
in various parts of the city. He is also exten-
sively engaged in the real estate and loan
business and has conducted extensive sales
of lots in Hartman & Miller's Plat, Hartman
& Woodworth's Plat, Shetterly Place, Cush-
ing's Third and Fourth Additions, and other
valuable tracts. He transacts a large loaning
business, and is also the local agent of the
lollowing fire insurance companies: The Han-
over, the Security of New Haven, the Western

ROLLO G. PAGE.

igan street. Mr. Page is a native of Elkhart,
Indiana, and was born in that city April 6,
1876. He is a son of Frederick C. and Alcinda
(Spaid) Page, and his father is well known in
that community. As a youth he attended the
public schools at Elkhart, and later took a
thoiough course in the Elkhart Business Col-
lege. His business career was commenced
with the lumber firm of Martin & Amidon. in
that city, where he demonstrated marked abil-
ity and untiring energy. He remained with
this firm until 1899, when Mr. Martin, the
senior member ot the firm, recognizing his
fitness for an active business career, formed
a partnership with Mr. Page, and they pur-
chased the planing mill and lumber yards of
Cook & Adsit, in this city, and Mr. Page was
placed in charge of the business. Here his
past experience and sterling business knowl-
edge were manifested in a high degree, and the
success of the new firm is assured. Mr. Page
is unmarried and has hosts of friends promi-
nent in the social circles of the city.

JOHN G. HARTMAN.

Underwriters, the Netherlands of Holland, and
the Phoenix of Hartfo:d. He also represents
conducts an accident, casualty and fidelity
the New York Plate Glass Company, and the

192

SOUTH BEND

Ocean Accident and Guaranty Company, which
business, and insures against residence and
commercial burglaries. Mr. Haitman is an
active and energetic business man, and by his
liberal and broad minded methods has con-
tributed largely to the material building up
of this city. He conducts a large and respon-
sible business and has won a deservedly high
reputation. He was married to Miss Hattie
M. Kurtz, of this city, and resides at No. 1011
East Washington street.

LESLIE C. WHITCOMB.

Mr. Leslie C. Whitcomb, Justice of the Peace
and elected to succeed himself in 1898, was
born in Cortland County, New York, Novem-
ber 28, 1860. His father, Luke P. Whitcomb.

LESLIE C. WHITCOMB.

was a well known merchant at Homer, New
York, but afterward moved to Prescott. Wis-
consin. Mr. Whitcomb received his early edu-
cation in the schools at Prescott, and in the
State Normal School at River Falls. His first
vocation in life was that of a school teacher,
which he followed successfully for three years,
and then went to Milwaukee, where he was
engaged in a grain commission house on the
Board of Trade. Being ambitious to embaik
in business for himself, young Whitcomb went
to Dakota and remained there during 1883,
1884 and 1885, in the hardware, farming imple-
ment and transfer business. Owing to succes-
sive crop failures his business was not satis-

factory, and he sold out and returned to Mil-
waukee. There he connected himself with the
Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company,
and soon after came to South Bend as Assist-
ant General Agent for Northern Indiana. In
less than a year after locating in this city he
was elected General Secretaiy of the Young
Men's Christian Association, which office he
held for five years, and devoted himself with
ability and success to the work of that ex-
cellent institution. Justice Whitcomb has been
engaged in the real estate and insurance busi-
ness with success. He was interested in the
platting of "South Lawn" and "Oak Lawn,"
and other important real estate transactions.
He is the local agent of the Western Un-
derwriters Association, the Prussian Nation-
al Insurance Company and the North German
Insurance Company. He is secretaiy of the
Workingmen's Building and Loan Association.
He was elected Justice of the Peace in 1894,
and re-elected in 1898, and has had charge of
the City Police Court since the latter date,
and has proven a careful and conservative of-
ficial. Justice Whitconro was married to Miss
Lizzie Fink in Woisey. South Dakota, and with
his family, consisting of six children, resides
a.. No. 210 Laporte avenue.

JONATHAN MATHEWS.

Mr. Jonathan Mathews, founder and treas-
urer of the Mathews Steam Boiler Works
Company, one of the large and successful en-
terprises of this city, is a native of England,
having been born at Manchester in the year
1840. He was a son of Robert and Miriam
Mathews, and was educated in his native town,
after which he learned the trade of ship build-
ing and boiler making. In his long career,
prior to 1870, Mr. Mathews worked in the
leading ship yards of England, and in the
early sixties worked on the Confederate com-
merce destroyer "Alabama," which, under the
command of Captain Semmes, was sunk in
battle off the harbor of Cherbourg, France, in
1S64, by the Yankee cruiser "Kearsarge," and
he also worked upon the "Warrior" and "Black
Prince." Mr. Mathews tells many interesting
reminiscences of the famous and historic ves-
sels which he has helped to build. In 1868 he
came to America and was employed upon the
New York Central Railroad, at Albany, and he
also worked for the Atlantic, at Kent. Ohio,
now the Erie; and also upon the Michigan Cen-
tral, at Marshall, Michigan. In 1872 he came
to South Bend and started in the manufacture
of steam boilers. His plant, one of the largest

SOUTH BEND

193

of its kind in the country, was destroyed by
fire in 1892, and he moved to Harvey, Illinois,
where he engaged in the same line, and where
he was elected Mayor of the city. In 1897 he

hardware merchants and tinners, where he
thoroughly learned the trade of tinsmith, and
afterward acted as a clerk in their store. In
1860, in company with several other young
men from this city, he went to Pike's Peak,
Colorado, but remained there only a short
time. On his return trip he worked on the
roof of the first mint erected in Denver, and
also worked at Council Bluffs, Iowa. On his
return to this city he again entered the em-
ploy of Massey Bros., but from 1861 to 1864
he was engaged as a clerk in the dry goods
store of Mr. John Brownfield. In 1864 he
associated himself in business with Mr. God-
frey E. Meyer, under the firm name of Meyer &
Poehlman, and for nearly thirty years this
firm conducted a large hardware and tinsmith
business in this city. The firm did the roofing
and cornice work for most of the prominent
buildings, churches and residences in South
Bend, and were the leaders in their line of
business. The firm was dissolved in 1S93,
when Mr. Poehlman retired to attend to his
own private and business interests. He was
married in 1864 to Miss Anna Katherina Mues-
sel, daughter of Christopher Muessel, the
prominent brewer in this city, and has been

JONATHAN MATHEWS.

returned to this city and again started in
business. In 1900 the present company was
incorporated. Mr. Mathews was married in
1863 to Miss Louise Gayton, of Stony Strat-
ford, England. His sons, Robert A. and Fred
Mathews, are associated with him in the busi-
ness, the former being president of the com-
pany and the latter secretary. Mr. Mathews is
a highly esteemed citizen and business man.

GOTTFRIED L. POEHLMAN.

Among those who have been prominently
connected with the commercial interests and
growth of this city for nearly half a century
is Mr. Gottfried Ludwig Poehlman, who is
well known in this community. Mr. Poehlman
is a native of Bavaria, and was born at Lorenz-
reuth, near Arzberg, June 5, 1835. His father,
Christoph Poehlman, was a successful weaver
and dyer in that section of the country, and
his mother was Sabina Poehlman. Mr. Poehl-
man was educated in his native country, and
then learned the dyer's trade with his father.
In 1853 he came to America and located in
South Bend, which has since been his home.
For a time he was clerk in a store here, and
then engaged himself with Massey Bros.,

-■"■:,

GOTTFRIED L. POEHLMAN.

associated with the Muessel Brewing Com-
pany for a number of years. Mr. Poehlman
was a charter member of the Turn-Verein of
this city, and is a member of Robert Blum
Lodge, I. O. O. F. He is still an active business

194

SOUTH BEND.

man, and is highly esteemed in the community.
His family consists of his estimable wife and
two daughters. Mis. Hattie Oher, wife of Mr.
John Ober, and Mrs. Ottila Miller, wife of Mr.
Homer Miller, and the family residence is at
No. 123 South St. Joseph street.

JOHN E. DONOHUE.
Mr. John B. Donohue, widely known here in
the retail lumber trade, and a member of the
Miller & Donohue Lumber Company, whose
office, yards and planing mills are on South
Main street and the Lake Shore and Michigan
Southern Railway, is a native of the city of
South Bend, and was reared and educated
here. He is a son of Peter and Bridget Dono-
hue. As a boy he attended the public schools
here and completed his education by a thor-
ough course at Notre Dame. He begun life'
as a clerk in a store, and later was chief clerk
of the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern
Railway here. This position he held six years
and then entered the lumber business. Four
years he was with the Soutn Bend Lumber
Company, and he was four years secretary of
the C. Fassnacht Lumber Company. In July.
1898, with Mr. Isaiah Miller, he organized
the Miller & Donohue Lumber Company. The
plant is a large one. and the company deals in

JOHN E. DONOHUE.

all kinds of lumber, lath, shingles, and manu-
factures and matches lumber, makes sash,
doors, blinds, etc. The trade is exclusively
local and very large. Mr. Donohue is an hon-

orable and piogressive business man of high
standing and prominence, he was married
in 1889 to Miss Clara H. Speichert, of this city,
and resides at No. 745 Vrstula avenue.

ISAIAH MILLER.

Mr. Isaiah Miller, of the Miller & Donohue
Lumber Company, is one of South Bend's
prominent and successful business men, and
is a native of the Keystone State, having

ISAIAH .MILLER.

been born in Union County, Pennsylvania, De-
cember 17, 1848. He was a son of Jacob Mil-
ler and Catherine (Ritter), Miller. When he
was but one year of age his parents removed
to Northumberland County, where his father
bought a farm. Young Miller attended the
public schools and received a portion of his
education at the Missionary Institute at Set-
tinsgore, Pennsylvania, and when he had com-
pleted it, began life as a school teacher, which
he continued until 1880, when he came to South
Bend and engaged in the carpenter business.
In 1891 he was in the contracting business
under the firm name of Herring & Miller, and
continued until 1895, when he was alone until
July 1, 189S, when the Miller & Donohue Lum-
ber Company was established. This business
is an extensive one in local trade. The plant,
situated on South Main street and the Lake
Shore Railway, is large and comprises lum-
ber yards, offices, sheds, factory and planing
mill. The company handles all kinds of lum-

SOUTH BEND

195

ber and manufactures and carries in stock
a complete line of sash, doors, blinds and build-
ers' work of all kinds and does a large busi-
ness. Mr. Miller is nighly esteemed as a suc-
cessful business man and widely known. He
was married in 1871 to Miss Verdella Dieffen-
derfer, a native of Lycoming County, Pennsyl-
vania, and resides at No. lib Ohio street.

JOHN I. HOKE.
Mr. John I. Hoke, president of the Hoke
Manufacturing Company, was born at Sump-

vators, and other cultivators and harrows.
The business gradually increased as the value
of the products became known, and in 1895
Mr. Hoke organized the Hoke Manufacturing
Company, of which he is president and general
manager, and began the manufacture of rid-
ing and walking corn cultivators, and spike
and spring tooth harrows. These products
are made of malleable iron and steel, and are
almost indestructible. In 1899 the company
built its present large plant. Mr. Hoke is a
business man as well as an inventor of repu-
tation. He is prominent in social and fra-
ternal circles. He is a member of the Masons
and was the first presiding officer here of the
Modern Woodmen of America. He has been
twice married. His first wife. Miss Nellie
Rush, of Sumption Prairie, whom he married
in 1877, died in 1885. Four years later he
married Miss Emma Bates, of New Carlisle,
and resides at No. 1011 South Michigan street.

WILLIAM HOKE.
Mr. William Hoke, secretary and treasurer
of the Hoke Manufacturing Company, is a
native of the Buckeye State, and was born
July 19, 1893. His father was Emanuel Hoke,
who came of sturdy Pennsylvania Dutch stock,
and his mother Magdelena (Jamison) Hoke.

joriN I. HOKE.

tion Praiiie, St. Joseph County. Indiana, on
July 4, 1857. He comes of a pioneer family,
his father, William Hoke, now associated with
him in business, was a successful farmer and
saw mill owner for many years. His mother
was Margaret (Card) Hoke, now deceased. Mr.
Hoke received his education in the common
schools at Sumption Prairie, and assisted on
the farm and in the saw mill. He early
evinced a genius for mechanics, and practical
farm life led him to invent the patents which
he now holds for the farm implements which
his company manufactures. While on the farm
he perfected and made, after his own ideas,
a riding and breaking plow that proved both
piactical and economical. In 1893 he came to
South Bend and in a small way began the
manufacture of harrows and cultivators in his
own name. These were the popular spring
tooth harrows and the high arch walking culti-

W1LLIAM HOKE.

When a boy Mr. Hoke did not enjoy those
advantages of education that do boys of to-
day. Hard work and breaking up wild lands

100

SOUTH BEND.

on the edge of civilization made learning a
rare accomplishment. He attended school
when possible in the old log school house
and worked on the farm. When a child his
parents removed to Eastern Indiana, and in
1843 moved to St. Joseph County, where Mr.
Hoke was engaged in agricultural pursuits
and the saw mill business for many years.
He lived at Sumption Prairie, and was highly
esteemed as a successful farmer. In 1897 he
moved to South Bend and took his present
interest in the Hoke Manufacturing Company,
which was organized by his son, Mr. John I.
Hoke. Mr. Hoke has been twice married. His
first wife, whom he married in May. 1S55, was
Miss Margaret Gard. who died in 1SS6. In
1890 Mr. Hoke married the widow of Mr.
David Carskaddon. and resides in a pretty
home on East Elder street.

REV. FRANCIS M. BANFIL.

The Rev. Francis Milton Banfil. B. A., the
able Rector of St. James Episcopal Church of
South Bend, is a young man of rare mental
graces and a thorough student. He is a native
of the Granite State, and was born at Nashua.
New Hampshire, and received his early educa-

saehusetts. In the fall of 1887 Father Banfil
entered Dartmouth College, at Hanover, New
Hampshire, where he remained four years,
graduating in the summer of 1891 with the
degree of B. A. He then spent thiee years in
theological study and training at the General
Theological Seminary, at New York City, and
at the Priory, at Verbank, New York; and also
at Rutland, Vermont. September 23, 1894, he
was ordained Deacon by the Rt. Rev. Isaac
Lee Nicholson, S. T. D., Bishop of Milwaukee,
in All Saints Cathedral, of that city. He then
spent one year in missionary work at St.
Martin's, Broadhead, Wisconsin, and was ad-
vanced to the priesthood September 22, 1895,
by the same Bishop, at that place. On Septem-
ber 26, 1895. he began his duties as Curate at
St. Stephen's Church, Providence. Rhode
Island, where he remained until 1899, when he
resigned to become Rector of St. James Church
in this city. Since Father Banfil came to South
Bend he has largely built up the church and
placed it upon a self sustaining basis. Father
Banfil is an eloquent divine and possesses a
charm of manner and beauty of character that
endear him to all with whom he comes in con-
tact, regardless of church affiliations. He is
a young man, who is constantly seeking to
advance his work, in and out of the church,
and his future is one of brightest promise.

-Jf^w -•

REV. FRANC IS M. UANI-'II..

tion in the public schools of that city. Later
he took up the study of medicine, which he fol-
lowed three yeais, and then spent two years
in a classical school at Shelburne Falls, Mas-

JACOB S. KERNER.

The name of Jacob S. Kerner has been as-
sociated with the Fire Department of this city
tor over a quarter of a century, and has be-
come a household word in every section of
South Bend and the vicinity. A man of in-
domitable energy, of fearless courage and of
a calm and heroic temperament, he is an ideal
tire tighter, whom experience has raised to
the topmost rank in his protession. Mr. Ker-
ner is a native of Erie, Pennsylvania, and was
born October 5, 1800. At that time his father
was engaged in the manufacture of oil cloths,
but came west when his son was quite young.
The young man attended the schools in Mish-
awaka, and was afterwaid apprenticed to the
blacksmith trade, which he followed for some
years. His first connection with fire matters
was in 1875, when but fitteen years old. He
became attached to the "Young Hoosier No.
4," which was then a part of the volunteer
department, then in vogue in this city. He
was afterward placed in chaige of the cele-
brated tire brigade at the Studebaker Wagon
Works, which position he held for two years.
During this time the brigade entered the prize

SOUTH BEND,

197

contest at Michigan City and carried off the
first prize from all competitors. Captain
Kerner and his fire laddies accomplished
the unheard-of feat of running forty rods,

thrown from the third floor window and caught
in the arms of the heroic chief, uninjured. He
was also instrumental in saving the lives of
other inmates of the hotel, which, but for his
quick action and timely aid, must have per-
ished in the flames. Chief Kerner has under
his command a force of forty men, who suc-
cessfully operate six hose carts, a hook and
ladder track and a chemical engine. Under
the urgent importunities of the Chief, however,
the department has been materially increased
and strengthened. No more popular official
than Chief Kerner is known in this section of
the country, and none are more deserving of
honor than he. He is married to an estimable
and highly esteemed lady, whose maiden name
was Maggie Weist, and their handsome and
cosy home is located on the banks of the old
St. Joe, at No. 302 Vistula avenue.

JACOB H. REAMER.

Mr. Jacob H. Reamer, one of our successful
men, was born on a farm at North Liberty,
St. Joseph County, Indiana, October 16, 1850.
His father, Henry Reamer, was a native of
Pennsylvania, and his mother, Abigail (Lig-
gitt) Reamer, a native of the Buckeye State.

JACOli B. KEHiNER.

stringing one hundred feet of hose, putting on
pipe and breaking couplings in thirty-four and
one-fourth seconds. For this remarkable dis-
play of their agility they were awarded a
nickel plated hose cart, and hose, and silver
trumpet. The paid fire department was or-
ganized early in 1886, and young Kerner joined
it in September of that year as Second Assist-
ant Chief, under Isaac Hutchinson, who was
then in command of the department. He
served in this position until 1891, when he was
made First Assistant Chief, and then retired
fiom the department in 1894, to engage his
services with the American Express Company.
In 1898 he was appointed Chief of the de-
partment, and has fulfilled the duties of that
honorable position with rare skill and courage
up to the present time. He is one of the most
intrepid firemen in the country, and one of
the most popular chiefs in the west. His
management of the department in the contiol
of conflagrations has won for him the plaudits
of the entire community and endeared him to
the hearts of all. At the Hotel Morrison fire,
which occurred on the morning of June 21,
1900, Chief Kerner won enduiing distinction
in saving the life of Robbie Smith, an infant,
whose parents were injuied in the fire, who was

JACOB H. HEAMEK.

Young Reamer attended the country schools,
and later the Northern Indiana College, and
at the conclusion of his school days became a
teacher, and for three years taught school.

198

SOUTH BEND

In 1S72 he came to South Bend and found em-
ployment as clerk in G. W. Buffum's grocery
store. Two years later, with his brother-in-law,
J. E. Williams, he purchased the business,
which was conducted until 1890 under the style
ot Reamer & Williams. In that year Mr.
Reamer sold his interest to Mr. Williams. In
1885 he helped to oiganize the Sandage Steel
Skein Company, and was its president until
August 1, 1900. Mr. Reamer is one of our best
known business men. He was married in 1874
to Miss Mabel Williams, of St. Joseph County.

DR. ERNST T. PROMEN.

Among the notable acquisitions to the med-
ical fraternity of this city dining the past
year must be mentioned Dr. Ernst T. Fromen.

1)1!. EKNST T. FKOMEN.

who commenced practice in South Bend in
June, 1900. Dr. Fromen was born in the city
of Kalmar, Sweden, September 21, 1S66, and
his father, William T. Fromen, is a Lieuten-
ant in the Royal Navy of Sweden. Dr. Fro-
men was educated in the public and high
schools of his native city, and then attended
the Royal University of Lund, where he was
awarded the degree of B. A., and later the
Royal College of Stockholm, and studied medi-
cine in both institutions. In 1892 he came
to America, and for a time was located in Mil-
waukee, and in 1S94 he became a student of
the Milwaukee Medical College and graduated

from that institution in 1897. Prior to coming
to this city Dr. Fromen practiced his profes-
sion for a short time in Cadillac, Michigan,
and for two years at Ludington, Michigan,
where he served as City Physician and Health
Officer for one year. He is an excellent phy-
sician and surgeon, and has built up an ex-
tensive practice in this city, where he is
highly esteemed. Dr. Fromen is a member of
the St. Joseph County Medical Society. He
was married in 1898 to Miss Ida Paulson, a
native of Sweden, and resides at No. 134
South Scott street, where he also has his of-
fice.

SAMUEL BOWMAN.

There are few men better known or more
highly honored in St. Joseph County than
Mr. Samuel Bowman, of tnis city, who is now
serving his third term as County Commission-
er. Mr. Bowman is a native of Indiana, and
was born on a farm in Penn Township, about
two and one-half miles southeast of this city,
June 29, 1832. His father was Jacob Bowman,
a successful farmer, who settled here in an
early day, and was prominent in the early his-
tory of the county. His mother was Christina
(Leer) Bowman. When young Bowman was
but two years of age his parents removed to
a farm in Poitage Township, and here he
lived until he had reached his twenty-fourth
year. He received his early education in the
district schools of his native town. In 1857
he left home and moved on a farm of 120
acres in Center Township, which he now owns,
and which for years has been known as the
Bowman farm, and is to-day one of the most
productive in St. Joseph County. Heie Mr.
Bowman resided until 1886, when he gave up
farming and moved to South Bend, where he
has since resided, and where he is accounted
a thoroughly public spirited and progressive
citizen. Mr. Bowman is a man of high ideals,
sound judgment and careful business methods
and is a loyal friend and adviser. He has
helu many positions of public trust and is
faithful to every obligation. Mr. Bowman was
one of the first to go into the Grange organiza-
tion, and united with the Patrons of Hus-
bandry in 1874, and for several years was
master of the St. Joseph Valley Grange. He
has done much to promote this social and
fraternal organization, and is now one of its
most active and progressive members. In 1882
he was elected County Commissioner and
served until 1SS5. In 1S96 he was re-elected,
served three years, and at the expiration of
his term was again elected to the honored

SOUTH BEND,

199

position which he now ably fills. Mr. Bow-
man is president of the Farmers' Mutual In-
surance Company of this county. He was
seven years a member of the Indiana Live
Stock Commission, and three years its presi-

SAMUEL BOWMAN.

dent. He was also president of the Northern
Indiana and Southern Michigan Agricultural
Society, and has done as much as any man to
promote progressive agriculture. Mr. Bow-
man was married in 18o7 to Miss Melvina
v^ebster, only daughter of the late Aaron A.
Webster, a pioneer settler of this county.
Mrs. Bowman is a most estimable lady, whose
benevolent acts have endeared her to all who
know the charm of her personality. Mr. and
Mrs. Bowman have two daughters, Mrs. Flor-
ence F. Shank and Mis. Mary E. Gaskel. Mr.
and Mrs. Bowman reside at No. 533 South Co-
lumbia street.

DR. CALLIE A. RENNOE.

Dr. Callie A. Rennoe is one of the successful
and able young physicians of this city, and
is in the enjoyment of an extensive practice.
He is a native of Windsor, Canada, and was
boru in that city, October 7, 1868. When he
was but three years of age his parents re-
moved to South Bend, and here the young man
secured his early education. He attended the
public schools of this city and graduated fiom
the high school. Selecting the medical pro-

fession as his vocation in life, he attended
Rush Medical College, and graduated from that
institution in 1892. He then established him-
self in South Bend, and has been in success-
ful practice here since that time as a physi-
cian and surgeon. Dr. Rennoe is a member
ot the St. Joseph County Medical Society, and
of the medical staff of Epworth Hospital. He
also lectures before the Tiaining School for
Nurses, of that institution, on Surgical Emer
gencies. He is fraternally associated with the
Knights of Pythias, and the Knights aud La-
dies of Columbia, and is the medical examiner
of the Modern Samaritans of the World. He
was honored by the Governor by the appoint-
ment as Assistant Surgeon of the Third Regi-
ment Indiana National Guards, and takes a
deep interest in military affairs. In 1900 Dr.
Rennoe was elected Coroner of St. Joseph
County, which position he now fills. Dr. Ren-
noe was married to Miss Josephine Beckwith,
of White Pigeon, Michigan, who was a teacher

DR. CALLIE A. RENNOE.

in the public schools of this city prior to her
marriage, and his pleasant home is at No. 214
South William street.

Mr.

HARRY A. ENGMAN, JR.
Harry A. Engman, Jr., vice president

of the Malleable Steel Range Manufacturing
Company, of this city, was born in Kansas

200

S O U T H~B END.

City, Missouri. April 22, 1874. His parents
removed from that city to St. Louis, and later
to Lexington, Kentucky. Mr. Engman was
educated in the public and private schools

HARRY A. ENGMAN, JR.

and the Kentucky University until 1891, when
he entered the literary department of the
University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, and
upon finishing, in 1894, went to New York
City in the employ of the Wrought Iron Range
Company, of St. Louis, Missouri, where he
remained two years. He then returned to St.
Louis and was connected with the Majestic
Range Manufacturing Company, of which his
father was vice president, and remained there
until he came to South Bend upon the or-
ganization of the Malleable Steel Range Man-
ufacturing Company.

ALBERT MYERS.

Among the widely known citizens of South
Bend there is none more highly esteemed
than Mr. Albert Myers. Mr. Myers is a
native of Ohio, and was born near Wooster,
February 4, 1849. His father, Andrew My-
ers, was a manufacturer of linseed oils, and
operated oil mills in that section. His mother
was Mary (Aughey) Myers, his parents be-
ing natives of Pennsylvania. When Mr. My-
ers was but a child his parents removed to
Elkhart County, Indiana, and here he re-
ceived his education in the public schools, and

later attended the Edwardsburg Academy, at
Edwardsburg, Michigan. He next removed to
Cass County, Michigan, where he was engaged
in farming for eight years. In 1S73 he came
to South Bend and engaged in the wholesale
and retail business with Mr. James H. George,
under the style of Myers & George. This
partnership continued about three years,
when Mr. Myers bought out his partner and
continued the business alone for twelve years.
During this time he was also engaged in the
live stock business in the west, and shipped
cattle to all parts of the country. He next
organized the Keasey Pulley Company, of
Mishawaka, and manufactured pulleys for one
year, after which time he sold the business to
a Toledo, Ohio, company. In 1S90 he organ-
ized the South Bend Pulley Company, and
was its superintendent for seven years, since
which time he has been engaged in the real
estate business. Mr. Myers was a prime
mover in the River "View Cemetery Associa-
tion, and is a director and its superintendent.
When this charming cemetery is completed
it will be one of the most beautiful
in the country. Mr. Myers is a thor-
ough and progressive business man. In
1892 he erected the handsome Myers build-
ing at the coiner of South Michigan and

ALBERT MYERS.

Wayne streets. He was married in 1875 to
Miss Julia Keasey, the youngest daughter of
Joseph Keasey, an old and respected citizen
of South Bend, and has two daughters, Eliza-

SOUTH BEND

201

beth, now Mrs. John B. Campbell, of this
city, and Leni, and resides at No. 411 South
Main street. He is a member of the Commer-
cial-Athletic Club.

ALBERT M. HARRIS.

Mr. Albert M. Harris, the inventor of the
celebrated Harris Spark Arrester, and the
treasurer and general manager of the South

ALBERT M. HARRIS.

Bend Spark Arrester Company, was born near
this city, in St. Joseph County, September 30,
1850. He is the son of James and Mary (Fun-
ston) Harris, and his father was a successful
farmer. He attended the public schools of
South Bend, and afterward learned the tin-
ner's trade, at which he was practically en-
gaged until 1886, when he invented and manu-
factured the spark arrester which bears his
name. In 1889 the present company was
organized and Mr. Harris became its treasurer
and general manager. He is a piactical and
progressive business man, and the value of
his invention is recognized by mill owneis
over the entire country. He was married in
1882 to Miss Blva Lontz, who died in 1893,
and his present estimable wife was Miss Mag-
gie Holland, of Plymouth, Indiana, to whom
he was married in 1896. His son, J. A. Harris,
is first vice president of the company. Mr.
Harris resides at No. 108o Vistula avenue.

WILLIAM H. KINGSLEY.

Mr. William H. Kingsley, president of the
South Bend Spark Arrester Company, is a
native of New York, and was born in War-
saw, in that state, March 19, 1853. He is a
son of H. J. and Lydia (Osborn) Kingsley,
and his father was " a farmer. In 1857 Mr.
Kingsley came to South Bend with his parents
and attended the public schools, and in 1861
he removed to Dayton, Michigan, and lived
on a farm until 1876, when he went to Rice-
ville, Iowa, and for three years drove stage
from that place to Osage. After this he re-
moved to Niles, Michigan, and entered the
employ of the Michigan Central Railroad Com-
pany. In 1882 he met with an accident and
lost part of his foot, when he removed to Jack-
son, in the employ of the same company, and
remained there until 1S85, when he removed
to this city. He engaged in the retail grocery
business with his father, under the firm name
of H. J. Kingsley & Son, and in 1889 he was
associated with Mr. A. M. Harris in the or-
ganization and incorporation of the South

WILLIAM II. KINGSLEY.

Bend Spark Arrester Company, and was
made its president and secretary, which posi-
tion he now holds. Mr. Kingsley is a genial
gentleman, a practical business man, and is
highly esteemed. He was married to Miss
Myrtie E. Russell, a native of Michigan, and
with his family resides at No. 517 East Pris-
cilla street.

202

SOUTH BEND

FREDERICK W. MUELLER.
Mr. Frederick VV. Mueller, the well known
retail giocer, at the corner of South Michi-
gan and Jefferson streets, is the eldest son
of five children born to John M. Mueller and

JACOB E. HENRY.

Mr. Jacob E. Henry is one of the young,
ambitious and enterprising business men of
South Bend, and has been engaged in the
real estate and insurance business here for
several years. Mr. Heniy was born in North
Industry. Stark County, Ohio December 13.
1863. His early education was acquired in the
schools of Whitley County, Indiana. Later
he attended the Ohio State Normal School, at
Ada, Ohio, where he graduated in 1889. Mr.
Henry began business in Middleborough. Ken-
tucky, where he was remarkably successful.
He then removed to Canton. Ohio, and after-
ward was located in Chicago. Appreciating
the advantages of South Bend, Mr. Henry
decided to come here, and in 1893 he estab-
lished himself in this city, where he has built
up a large and remunerative business. Mr.
Henry is also extensively engaged in the
insurance business, and is the agent for the
Allemania, of Pittsburg, and the New York,
of New York City. He is also an expert in
loan investigations and the St. Joseph County
Loan and Savings Association accepts his
judgment as to the value of all properties on

FJiEDEKICK \V. MUELLEH.

Elizabeth B. (Meyer) Mueller, both natives of
Bavaria, Germany. Frederick W. Mueller
was born at Jefferson. Jefferson County, Wis-
consin, October 2, 1853. He was educated in
the common schools of his native town, and
finished his education at the Northwestern
University, at Watertown. Wisconsin. After
his school days he learned the trade of a
harness maker at Jefferson and at De Pere,
Wisconsin. In 1872 he came to South Bend,
where he woiked one year at his trade. He
then entered the employ of Louis Nickel,
where he remained until 1880, when he re-
signed his position to engage in business for
himself, and established the retail grocery he
now owns. In the past twenty years Mr. Muel-
ler has built up a large and peimanent patron-
age that includes many of the leading families
of the city. His store is large and stock most
complete. Mr. Mueller is one of the leading
business man and representative citizens of
South Bend. He is prominent in the social
and fraternal life of the city, and is a mem-
ber of the South Bend Turners Society, the
Robeit Blum Lodge, No. 287, I. O. O. F., the
Royal Arcanum, Masons and the A. O. U. W.
He was married in 1880 to Miss Anna M. Sack,
of this city.

JACOB E. IIKNKY.

\vhi< h loans are negotiated by that institu-
tion. He is a member of the Commercial-
Athletic Club, the Modern Woodmen, and an
officer in the Order of the Knights and Ladies
of Columbia. On December 27, 1889, he was

SOUTH BEND

203

married to Miss Sarah A. Meek, of North
Manchester, Wabash County, Indiana, and
with his family, consisting of an only son,
he resides in a cosy and luxurious home at
No. 1036 Colfax avenue.

WILLIAM B. WRIGHT.

Mr. William B. Wright has been engaged in
the real estate, law and collection business
in this city for a number of years, and is well

lection business, and is the local agent of the
Manhattan Fire Insurance Company, of New
York. He is an energetic business man and
a capable attorney. Mr. Wright served his
country in the civil war, and enlisted in the
Ninetieth New York Regiment, which was a
part of the First Brigade of the First Division
of the Nineteenth Army Corps. He is a mem-
ber of the Masons, a Knight Templar, Macca-
bee, and a member of the Knights and Ladies
ot Columbia. He was marrieu to Miss Annie
Metzger, of Oswego, New York, and his famiij
consists of a son, W. J. Wright, and a daugh-
ter, Dollie May Wright. He resides at No. 734
Leland avenue.

WILLIAM I!. WHIOUT,

known in the community. He is a native of
New York State, and was born in Orleans
County, December 29, 1852. His father. Burt-
ley Wright, was a well known merchant in
that locality. Mr. Wright received his eariy
education in the vicinity of his home, and
for several years worked upon a farm. He
was afterward engaged with a who.esale shoe
Arm at Rochester, New York, and for eight
yeais was in the grocery business in Cincin-
nati, Ohio. In 1884 he came to South Bend
and engaged in business, and was elected Jus-
tice of the Peace in 1888, which office he held
until 1896. He was admitted to the bar dur-
ing this year, and has since been actively
engaged in the real estate, law and collection
business, with an office at No. 220 West Wash-
ington street. Mr. Wright does an extensive
business, and is interested in the sale of lots
in most of the prominent additions and subdi-
visions in the city. He also aoes a large col-

D1XON W. PLACE.

Mr. Dixon W. Place is one of the widely
known and highly esteemed citizens of South
Bend, and is a successful business man at
Walkerton, Indiana. Mr. Place is a native of
the Buckeye State, and was born at Camden,
Preble County, Ohio.. September 3, 1850. His
father, James U. Place, was a successful
faimer, and his mother was Susan F. (Patton)
Place, both being natives of Ohio. When Mr.
Place was an infant his parents removed to
Cass County, Indiana, where his lather en-
gaged in farming. Young Place was reared
on the farm, and received his education in
the district schools in the vicinity of his home.
In 1866 his parents removed to New Waverly;
where he also attended the district school.
He completed his education at the high school
in Peru, Indiana, and then taught school in
the district schools for a number of years
In 1881 he moved to Walkerton. Indiana,
where he resided with his family until 1891,
when he removed to this city, where he has
since resided. But he has continued his busi-
ness in Walkerton. In 1891 he organized the
South Bend Implement Company, which was
successfully engaged in the agricultural im-
plement business until 1894. During this
time Mr. Place was also engaged in the whole-
sale hay trade at Walkerton, St. Joseph Coun-
ty, and when the business of the South Bend
Implement Company was closed out, Mr.
Place went to Walkerton and gave his whole
attention to the wholesale hay business. In
1895 he added the agricultural implement busi-
ness, and does a large trade. Mr. Place re-
sides in this city, and is a man of prominence
and high business and social standing. He is
a progressive and public spirited citizen. Mr.
Place was elected County Commissioner and
served in that office from December 1, 1885,

204

SOUTH BEND.

to December 1, 1S91. During his term as Com-
missioner Mr. Place was impressed with the
lack of system in dispensing the charitable
funds by the County Commissioners and Trus-
tees of the State, and he issued a call for a

ana. The young man received his education
in the public schools of Middlebury. Indiana,
and after graduating from the high school he
attended the State Normal School at Valpa-
raiso. After this he taught school for about
five years, and then read law in the office of
Messrs. Dodge & Dodge, a law firm of Elkhart,
Indiana, and was admitted to the bar in that
county in 1892. On September 1. 1894, he came
to South Bend, and at once established him-
self in general practice, at which he has been
most successful. His offices are located at
the northeast corner of Main and Washington
streets. Mr. Kurtz from his early boyhood
has been an indefatigable worker, and has
won his present position in the community
and in his profession by his own sturdy and
unaided efforts. He is forceful and self-reli-
ant and well grounded in the law and in the
practice of the courts, and is popular with
the bench and the bar. Mr. Kurtz takes an
active interest in public and political affairs,
and is a forcible and convincing speaker
whose services are in great demand by his
party managers. He is a member of the Ma-

DIXON W. PLACE.

meeting of the County Commissioners and
Township Trustees of Indiana for the purpose
of adopting a uniform system of relief for
dependents, and was chosen president of the
meeting, which was held in the Capitol build-
ing at Indianapolis in October, 1891. At this
meeting a State Association of Commissioneis
and Trustees was organized, and much prac-
tical good has been accomplished. He is a
member of South Bend Lodge, No. 294, F. &
A. M., the Maccabees, Royal Arcanum, Knights
of Pythias, and the St. Joseph Valley Grange.
He was married March 2, 1873, to Miss Emma
M. La Tourrette, of Cass County, and with his
estimable wife and three daughters, Edna M.,
Mabel B. and Frances Marie, resides at No.
226 South Lafayette street.

GEORGE A. KURTZ.
Mr. George A. Kurtz, a young and successful
member of the bar of this county, was born at
Wooster, Wayne County, Ohio, July 7, 1866.
He is the son of John and Sarah (McGary)
Kurtz, and when he was but ten months old
his parents removed to Elkhart County, Indi-

GEORGE A. KUKTZ.

sons and the K. O. T. M., and has hosts of
friends in this city. He was married to Miss
Ida M. Calvert on May 3, 1897, and resides at
No. 225 Studebaker street.

SOUTH BEND.

205

WILLIAM E. GELTZ.

Mr. William E. Geltz, the well known real
estate dealer and insurance agent, is a native
of South Bend, and was born June 6, 1867.
His father, George Geltz, was one of the

*%■

WILLIAM E. GELTZ.

pioneers of this section, who came west in
1847 and built a log house, cutting the timber
himself. He was afterward engaged with the
Studebaker Bros. Manufacturing Company for
twenty-five years, when he retired from active
business. The son received his education in
the public and high schools of this city and
afterward took a course at the South Bend
Business College. He was then engaged as
a clerk in the clothing store of E. S. Peck,
and afterward in the hat store of M. J. Frank-
el, where he remained twelve years. In 1S96
he engaged in the real estate and insurance
business, at which he has been quite success-
ful. He is now associated in business with
Mr. Virginius Nicar, at No. 120 North Michi-
gan street. Mr. Geltz is the local agent for
the Netherlands Fire Insurance Company, the
Manchester of England, the American of New
York, the Milwaukee Fire Insurance Company
and the Traders and Travelers Accident In-
surance Company. For the past four years
he has been connected with the Township
Assessor's office, and is fully conversant with
real estate values in South Bend and Portage
Township, and in 1900 was nominated as the
Republican candidate for County Assessor of
St. Joseph County and elected in November.

He is a member of the Commercial-Athletic
Club, the Per-Se Club, the Turn-Verein, the
Modern Samaritans and the W. O. W. He is
an energetic business man, and popular. He
was married to Miss Frances M. Keller, of
Mishawaka, and resides with his two children
at No. S47 Forest avenue, in Chapin Park.

CHARLES E. M'CARTY.

Mr. Charles E. McCarty, the present effi-
cient Sheriff of St. Joseph County, is a gen-
tleman of executive ability, an excellent disci-
plinarian and of unquestioned courage. As
Sheriff of this county he has proven himself
to be in every way worthy of the trust and
confidence reposed in him by the citizens of
this judicial district. Mr. McCarty was born
in Hillsdale, Michigan, November 16, 1S50.
and his father. Morgan McCarty, was the pro-
prietor of a hotel at that place. When he
was but three years of age his parents re-
moved to Plymouth, Marshall County. Indiana,
and afterward located in Lincoln Township,
St. Joseph County. Here the young man was
educated in the district schools and assisted
his father on the farm until he was sixteen
years of age, when he engaged in the railroad
business, which he successfully followed for

CHAELES E. M CAKTT.

twenty-five years. During this time he was
engaged as conductor on the Baltimore and
Ohio road, the Wabash system, the Santa Fe,
the Nickel Plate and the Louisville and Nash-

21 G

SOUTH BEND.

ville roans. Tiring finally of railroad life.
he purchased a farm in Lincoln Township and
again became an agriculturist, and while there
was elected by the Republicans of Lincoln
Township as Assessor. For one year Mr. Mc-
Carty was proprietor of the popular hostelry
at Walkerton Junction. He was elected
Sheriff of St. Joseph County in 1898. and has
proven himself a valuable civil officer. At the
time of his election he was the Township
Assessor of Lincoin Township, and popular
with the entire community. During his term
of office he has performed the delicate and
important duties of that position with rare
tact and ability and is recognized as an in-
trepid and conscientious officer of the law.
In 1900, having received the unanimous nomi-
nation of n s party, ne was re-elected She: iff.
As Sheriff he has had charge of a number of
important criminals, and has managed the of-
fice ana the jail in a manner to win the ap-
probation of all. The State Inspector of Char-
itable Institutions gives Sheriff McCarty the
high praise of having, the best conducted and
best sanitary jail in the state. Sheriff Mc-
Carty is a man or fine physique, an excellent
judge of human nature and is unflinching in
the pe;formance of his duties. In social life
he is generous, courteous and hospitable, and
has endeared himself to hosts of friends. He
was married to Miss Melissa Hardy, of Lin-
coln Township, and has one son. Harley Mc-
Carty, who is the popular turnkey of the
County Jail, and his father's able assistant,
bheriff McCarty now resides in the commo-
dious residence in connection with the jail.
and is still interested in the hotel at Wa ker-
ton.

GEORGE H. WHEELOCK.

The extensive establishment of George H.
Whee'.ock & Co. located at IV os. 113 and 115
West Washington street, is a striking example
of the advancing public taste for the beautiful
and artistic. Mr. George H. Wheelock, the
proprietor, is a native of Wisconsin, and was
born in Janesville, January 4, 1864. His father,
\V. G. Wheelock, was engaged in the china
and g assware business in that city for forty-
five years. In 1S82 Mr. Wheelock came to
South Bend and engaged with his brother, C.
E. Wheelock. in his present business, which
had been established thirty years ago by J.
M. Pool. In 1886 he purchased his brother's
interest and has since conducted it alone. Mr.
Wheelock is a direct importer and wholesale
and retail dealer in art pottery, fine china
anu cut g assware of the highest order, and

cariies an extensive stock of all grades of
china, glassware and lamps for hotel and
household uses. His wholesale trade extends
tluoughout the states of Indiana. Michigan
and Ohio. In addition to his large and in-
creasing wholesale business, Mr. Wheelock
also has an extensive retail trade, which em-
braces South Bend and the surrounding coun-
try. He is a leader in his business, and gives
his entire attention to its management. He
also carries an extensive line of gas and elec-
tric fixtures of the latest pattern, and has
furnished the handsome fixtures for the Coun-
ty Court House, the Public library, the Oliver
Hotel, the St. Joseph County Savings Bank.

GEORGE H. WHEELOCK.

and a number of other buildings and resi-
dences in this city. Mr. Wheelock is an active
and progressive merchant, is a Governor of
the Indiana Club, an Odd Fellow, and a mem-
ber of a number of fraternal insurance orders,
rie was married to Miss Belle Cassoday. a
daughter of Chief Justice Cassoday, of the
Supreme Court of Wisconsin, and his family
consists of a son, Harry E. Wheelock, and a
daughter. Joan. His borne is located at No.
410 West Wayne street.

FRANK C. TOEPP.

Mr. Frank C. Toepp has for years been rec-
ognized as the leading jeweler in this city,
and his handsome store at the northeast cor-
ner of Main and Washington stieets has be-

SOUTH BEND

207

come one of the popular institutions of the
city. Mr. Toepp is a native of New York,
and was born in that state December 29, 1865.
He received his early education in that city,

K11AXK ('. TOEPP.

and in 1880, when he was fourteen years of
age, his father, Peter Toepp, now retired, le-
moved to South Bend. Here his father was
first engaged in the dry goods business with
his sons, William and P. Henry, under the
style of Peter Toepp & Sons, and later he
was connected with the firm of Toepp &
uoetz, in the wood, coal and feed business.
After finishing his education, Mr. Toepp was
apprenticed to the jewelry business and thor-
oughly learned the practical details of that
artistic trade, and finished in Toledo, Ohio,
in 1886-1887. In 1888 ne established himself
in the jewelry Dusiness in this city on a
moderate scale, and m 1890, in partnership
with his father, he purchased the business of
Mr. Ed. Buysse, at his present location. The
firm was known as F. C. Toepp & Co., and at
once became prominent in the mercantile
community. The business was continued with
increasing success until 1896, when Mr. Frank
C. Toepp purchased the interest of his father
and assumed full control. His handsomely
appointed store contains an extensive stock
of fine jewelry, diamonds, watches, silverware
and fancy goods, all of the latest styles and
of the finest qualities, and his patrons are
among the leading citizens of South Bend and

vicinity. Mr. Toepp has justly earned de-
served success, and his unimpeachable char-
acter in business is recognized by all. He is
an energetic business man of the progressive
type, and is popular in the community. He is
a member of the Commercial-Athietic Club,
the B. P. O. E., and the Merchants' Associa-
tion. He was married to Miss Johanna Kamm,
the accomp ished daughter of Mr. Adolph
Kamm, the prominent brewer of Mishawaka,
and with his charming wife resides in his
handsome new home at No. 525 West Wash-
ington street.

ROBIN E. DUNBAR.

Mr. Robin E. Dunbar ranks deservedly high
among the legal fraternity, and is a worthy
descendent of his honored father, Alvin S.
Dunbar, who died in 1897, and who, for forty-
five yea:s, was an able practitioner at the bar
of St. Joseph County. Mr. Dunbar was born
in South Bend, March 13, 1868, and received
his education in the public schools and high
school of this city. After one year's attend-
ance at Cook Academy, at Havana, New York,
he took a lour years' course in the Literary
Department of the University of Michigan,
and graduated with the degree of Ph. B. in

ROBIN E. DUNBAR.

1890. In pursuing his law studies he attended
Du Paw University, the University of Michi-
gan, and graduated at Notie Dame in 1891.

20S

SOUTH BKND,

He was admitted to the bar during this year
and commenced the practice ot law with his
father, under the firm name of Dunbar & Dun-
bar. This association continued until 1897,
when the death of Mr. Alvin S. Dunbar oc-
curred, and since that time Mr. R. E. Dunbar
has managed the business. He is a lawyer of
general practice, but devotes the major portion
of his time to probate practice, in the settle-
ment of estates and management of guardian-
ships. He is a careful and conscientious at-
torney, well grounded in the law, and enjoys
the confidence and esteem of the community.
He has been identified with many of the more
prominent causes tried before the courts of
this circuit, and conducted the defense of
Edwards and his youthful partner, who were
accused of the shooting of Officer Derrant a
few years ago, and practically acquitted them.
Mr. Dunbar is a member of the Odd Fellows,
the Commercial-Athletic Club, and is the Ex-
alted Ruler of the local Lodge of Elks. He
was married to Miss Blanche Stover, of Mar-
seilles, Illinois, and with his family of two
children resides at No. 1253 Vistula avenue.

DR. EDGAR P. BORLEY.

Dr. Edgar P. Borley, a rising and successful
young physician of this city, has already firmly

March 6, 1871. His father, William E. Borley,
who is now living, was a prosperous agricul-
turist. Dr. Borley received his early educa-
tion in the schools of his native town, and the
London High School. He afterward took a
full course in the Detroit College of Phar-
macy and graduated in 1S94. During this term
he was connected with the drug business in
that city, and for several years was a prac-
tical and expert pharmacist. In 1894 Dr. Bor-
ley took the examinations of the State Board
of Pharmacy and passed with high honors.
In the drug business Dr. Borley was connected
with the largest manufacturing and wholesale
houses in Detroit. including Frederick
Stearnes & Co., Williams, Davis, Brooks &
Co.. and others. His medical education was
acquired at the Detroit College of Medicine,
and he graduated with honor from that insti-
tution in 189S. During the last year of his
college course, and for a year after his gradua-
tion, he was officially connected with the Har-
per Hospital at Detroit, both as externe and
interne physician, where he gained a vast
amount of valuable experience and evinced
marked professional skill. His brother, Dr.
W. E. Borley, being located in Mishawaka,
the young physician decided to come to Indi-
ana, and located in South Bend, in May, 1899.
Careful and conscientious, and fully equipped
for his impoitant and responsible profession,
Dr. Borley has achieved a deserved success
as a physician and surgeon, and his patients
are among the leading families of the city.
Dr. Borley is the attending physician and sur-
geon at the Epworth Hospital, and to the
Northern Indiana Orphan Asylum. He is also
a member of the American Medical Associa-
tion and the Indiana State and the St. Joseph
County Medical Societies. His handsome offi-
ces and reception rooms are located in the
Kiser & Woolverton building, at the corner
of Lafayette and Washington streets. Dr. Bor-
ley is a bachelor and extremely popular in the
community.

DR. EDGAR P. HORLEY.

established himself in the esteem and confi-
dence of the community. Dr. Borley is a
native of London, Ontario, and was born

WILBUR H. BARKER.

Mr. Wilbur H. Barker, the widely known
grain shipper, and proprietor of the feed mill
at No. 611 South Latayette street, is a native
of the Peninsular State, and was born at
Hillsdale, Michigan, June 8, 1845. His father,
Mr. Loring S. Barker, was a farmer in that
section, and his mother was Sophia (Morrill)
Barker. Both of his paients came of promi-
nent families in New York State. Young
Barker was born on the family farm, and was
educated in the country schools in that sec-

SOUTH BEND.

209

tion and imbued all of those sturdy chaiacter-
istics of tne honest farmer boy. When he
had completed his education he learned teieg-
rapny and started in life in the railroad busi-

County. Mr. Orr is an attorney of long ex-
peiience and of unquestioned ability, and his
clients are among the p.ominent business cor-
porations and citizens of South Bend. He was
born in Laporte County, November 24, 1860,
and his father, Henry Foster Orr, was a pros-
perous farmer in that section of the state.
After attending the public schools in Laporte
he was sent to the Michigan University, at
Ann Arbor, where he graduated with honors
in 1881. He was admitted to the bar during
the year, and in November, 1884, he estab-
lished himself in business in this city, and has
been successful in building up an extensive
practice and in gaining professional distinc-
tion in many important cases. He acted as
Prosecuting Attomey from 1889 to 1891, and
in 1893-1894 he was the attorney for the City
of South Bend. In the Town of Myler case,
and in the Carskaddon City Hall site case,
he was successful in obtaining favorable de-
cisions for his clients, and he has been promi-
nently identified with many of the more im-
portant cases to which the city was a party,
and is regarded as one of the best grounded
attorneys on corporation law now practicing

WILEER H. BAIiKEl;.

ness. For eighteen years he was in the em-
ploy of the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern
liaiiway as station agent at Allen's Station,
Chesterton and Warren Station. Whi.e in the
employ of the company at the latter place
Mr. Barker began buying and selling grain,
and in 1891 he resigned his position to devote
his entire time to his rapidly growing busi-
ness. He came to South Bend and started
his feed mill, where he does a laige business.
He has a grain elevator at Warren Station,
and one at Mishawaka, and ships grain in
carload lots to merchant millers in the east.
He deals very largely in Minnesota flour of
the best brands and handles on an average
300 barrels a month to the retail merchants
of this section. Mr. Barker does a large busi-
ness, and is a business man of the strictest
integrity and ability. He was married in 1875
to Miss Emeline Miknen, of this city, and
lesides at No. 619 West Water street.

JOSEPH G. ORR.

Mr. Joseph G. Orr, who is now associated
with ex-Judge T. E. Howard, under the firm
name of Howard & Orr, is one of the success-
ful practitioners at the bar of St. Joseph

in the courts of Indiana. He was married
to Miss Theresa Brennan, has an interesting
family of two children, and occupies a hand-
some home in Oakland Park.

210

SOUTH BEND

THEO. BLAKE.

In the long list of names that stand for
commercial success and business honor iu
South Bend, that of Theo. Blake, the well

is large and well fitted, and he carries a
complete stock of staple and fancy groceries.
Mr. B:ake is a business man of integrity, and
public spirited, and is esteemed by all. He
has been twice married. In 1874 he was mar-
ried to Miss Mary E. Scott, who died in 1876.
Three years later he was married to Miss
Evangeline Rutherford, and with his estimable
wife resides at No. 216 West Wayne street.
Mr. Blake is popular in social circles, and is a
member of the Royal Arcanum and the Frater-
nal Mystic Circle.

JOHN C. CLEIS.

Mr. John Charles Cleis, who is recognized
as a leading jeweler in South Bend, is a native
of the Buckeye State, and was born at Canton,
Starke County, Ohio. October 21. 1855. His
father. Dr. George Cleis. was an eminent prac-
ticing physician, and his mother was Catherine
(Kaercher) Cleis. When he was a child his
paients removed to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania,
the home of his mother, and remained there
until 1S67. Young Cleis was educated in the
schools there, and when his parents removed
to Goshen, Indiana, in 1867, he completed his

THEO. BLAKE.

known grocer at No. 219 South Michigan
street, takes a leading place. Mr. Blake was
born in Berrian County, Michigan, May 24,
1851. His father, Charles Blake, was a suc-
cessful farmer and veterinary surgeon, and
his mother was Mary E. (Brown) Blake. As
a boy young Blake attended the district
schools in his native county, and when he
was fourteen years of age his parents removed
to Buchanan, Michigan, where he lived until
he was twenty-four years of age. When he
had finished his schooling he engaged in the
teaming business, and in 1875 he removed to
Clay Township, St. Joseph County. Indiana,
where he was engaged in agricultural pur-
suits for two years. In 1877 he came to South
Bend, where he has since resided. He was
engaged with the Singer Manufacturing Com-
pany for eighteen months, and the;i started
hi the retail grocery business as a member
of the fiim of J. V. Rutherford & Co., where
he remained eleven years, when he started
in business alone on East Jefferson street.
He remained in that location one year, when
he removed to the Hackney corner, and then
to the Adam Baer building, and in November,
1900, moved to his present excellent location.
No. 219 South Michigan street. His store

.lOIIN C. CLEIS.

education in the public and high schools of
that city. In 1871 Mr. Cieis came to South
Bend and entered the jewelry store of Ed.
Buysee, where he remained eleven years, and

SOUTH BEND

211

thoroughly learned the practical details of
the artistic trade. In 1SS2 he established
himself in the jewelry business at No. 105
North Michigan street, where George Wy-
man & Co.'s handsome store is now lo-
cated, and at once became prominent in
the mercantile community. In 1893 Mr.
Cleis removed to his present location, No. 105
South Michigan street, where he has a finely
appointed store, and carries an extensive
stock of fine watches, jewelry, diamonds, sil-
verware and fancy goods ot the latest styles
and the finest qualities, and his patrons are
among the leading citizens of South Bend and
vicinity. Mr. Cleis has justly earned his suc-
cess, and his integrity in business is recog-
nized by all. He makes a specialty of fine
repairing of all kinds and enjoys a large trade.
Mr. Cleis is a business man of the progressive
type and is popular in the community. He
was married in 1880 to Miss Mary Ellen Yoder,
of this city, and has three children, Everett
and Ethel, twins, sixteen years of age. and
Marie, twelve years of age. Mr. Cleis resides
in a pretty home at No. 114 East Marion
street.

HENRY G. CHRISTMAN.

By careful and conscientious work, and by
strict attention to every cietail of his exten-
sive business, Mr. Henry G. Christman, the
well known and successful contractor and
builder, has won an enviable reputation in
this community. Mr. Christman is a native
of this city, and was born February IS, 1869.
He is the son of Mr. Henry Christman, who was
well known in this locality. Mr. Christman at-
tended the public schools, and when he was
but thirteen yea: s of age he engaged in the
teaming business until he was eighteen. He
then engaged himself to Mr. C. Fassnacht,
with whom he thoroughly learned the trade
of a carpenter, and the essentials of the con-
tracting business. He remained with Mr.
Fassnacht until 1894, when he decided to com-
mence business for himself, and he has been
remarkably successful from the outset. When
he commenced business he was practically
without capita], but by his own efforts he has
forged to the front and is to-day the leading
contractor and builder in South Bend. During
this time he has been engaged in the erec-
tion of the St. James Episcopal Church, St.
Patrick's School, the Indiana Club building,
the new Laurel School, Arnold's handsome new
building, Mrs. P. E. Studebaker's residence,
Mr. George Whitmer's residence, the addition
to the Linden School, the Mills Bros, ware-

house, the interior work of the Auditorium
and Annex, the new Dean building, and a large
number of handsome residences in this city.
Mr. Christman also put in the mason and iron
work tor the Epworth Hospital, and has been
awarded the contiact, over all competitors,
for the erection of the new City Hall, which
will be a model of modern architecture, and
one of the handsomest buildings in the city.
This is the largest building contract ever let
to a South Bend contractor. Mr. Christman
is a thorough master o'f his business, and
may be said to have been connected with the
building interests of the city since he was a
boy fifteen years old. He is prompt, reliable

HENRY G. CHRISTMAN.

and energetic, and a contract entered into by
him is sure to be fulfilled to the letter. By
his straightforward methods he has won hosts
of triends, and none stand higher in the esteem
of the community than Mr. Henry G. Christ-
man. He is a member of the Commercial-
Athletic Club. Mr. Christman was married
to Miss Minnie Haslinger, of this city, and
with his estimable wife and two children re-
sides at No. 533 Noith dishing street.

DR. RICHARD B. DUGDALE.

Dr. Richard Benson Dugdale has been iden-
tified with the Coroner's office of St. Joseph
County since 1S94, and his conduct of that im-
portant and responsible office has won for

212

SOUTH BEND.

him the enconiums of the entire community.
Under the laws of Indiana the Coroner does
not empanel a jury to share the responsibility
of the chief official in the investigation of a

f*^

DR. RICHARD B DUGDALE.

murder or suicide, but he must hear all the
testimony in the case, and upon his judgment
and finding the officers of the law are guided
and governed. Dr. Dugdale. though yet a com-
paratively young man. has had several years
of valuable experience, which have been of
great service to him, both in the practice of
his profession and in the management of his
office. He is a native of South Bend, and
was born in this city September 17, 186S, his
father being Thomas Dugdale, who is well
known and esteemed in this community. He
attended the public schools here, and after-
waid took a thorough course in medicine at
the Rush Medical College, in the City of Chi-
cago. He graduated in 1S92, and for three
years afterward he located in North Liberty,
where he practiced his profession, and then
came to Scuth Bend in 1895, where he has
resided ever since. In 1S94 he was elected
Coroner, and has ably filled the duties of
this exacting office up to the present time,
and has been three times elected by the voters
of the county. In addition to his official and
professional duties Dr. Dugdale is one of the
attending physicians at the Epworth Hospital,
and the Training School for Nurses, and is
a lecturer on Anesthetics and Urinalysis of

recognized ability. Owing to the increase in
his personal practice. Dr. Dugdale has decided
to relinquish his official position, and at the
end of the present term will give up the Cor-
onership. In 1893 Dr. Dugdale was married
to Miss Fanny Bungay, of Constantine, Michi-
gan, and his home is at No. 726 East Wash-
ington street.

GEORGE T. HODSON.

For nearly half a century Mr. George T.
Hodson has been prominently identified with
the material growth and industrial interests
of this city, and is well known in this com-
munity. He is a native of New Jersey, and
was born in the city of Burlington, in that
state, March 28, 1S34. He is a son of George
Hodson and Harriet (Gaskell) Hodson, both of
whom were natives of Burangton County, and
were esteemed residents of that locality. After
attending the public schools at Buriington he
was apprenticed to the carpenter trade, and
came to South Bend in June, 1855, but only
remained a few months, when he returned
home. On December 24, 1855, he was married
to Miss Fannie Hillier, of Burlington, and in
March. 1856, with his young wife, came back

GEORGE T. HODSOX.

to South Bend, where he has since resided and
been actively engaged m business. For sev-
eral years Mr. Hodson and his brother, Charles
G. Hodson, were engaged in the carpenter and

SOUTH BEND.

213

contracting business, during which time they
erected the old St. Patrick's Church, on Di-
vision street, and several buildings at Notie
Dame and St. Mary s, besides a number of
other buildings in the city. Later he was
connected with the Eag.e Manufacturing Com-
pany, manufacturers of sash, doors and b inds,
whose mil.s were located in the west race
at the foot of Washington street, and Mr.
Hodson was the superintendent. In 1876, in
connection with his brother, he purchased the
interests of the company, and under the fiini
name of G. T. Hodson & Co. conducted the
business for about five years, when the build-
ing was destroyed oy fire. The mill was re-
built and Mr. E. P. Stanfield was connected
with the business, which was conducted under
the firm name of Hodson, Stanfield & Co.,
until 18tf5, when Mr. Hodson withdrew. Since
that time he has been engaged in the sale of
sash, doors and blinds to the local t ade for
a prominent western manufactory. Mr. Hod-
son has been a most active business man of
the progressive type, and has achieved a well
deserved success. He has been piominently
connected with the First Baptist Church of
this city since 1851, and holds the office of
deacon. He has also been an active member
of the Young Men's Christian Association since
its organization, and is one of its directors.
Mr. Hodson's family consists of his estimable
wife and four children, two sons and two
daughtei s, Alvin D. Hodson, who is foreman
of the Indiana Lumber Company; George H.
Hodson, of the firm of Boyd & Hodson, of this
city, and Arila and Bmelia Hodson, who reside
with their parents in their handsome and
commodious home at No. 723 Park avenue, in
Lhapin Paik.

well as a full line of bicycle supplies. He also
deals in awnings. Mr. Camper has been twice
married. In 1865, Christmas Day, he was
married to Miss Mary E. Smith, who died in

JAMES W. CAMPER.

Mr. James W. Camper is a native of South
Bend, and for almost a thiid of a century has
been an active business man here. He was
born June 13, 1836, and is a son of William
Camper and Elizabeth (SteversJ Camper. He
was educated in the public schools here, and
in 1852 and 1853 attended Notre Dame. In
1868 Mr. Camper started in the gun and am-
munition business, which he has successfully
followed. He has a large and nicely appointed
store at No. 116 West Colfax avenue, wheie
he carries a complete line of all kinds of guns,
ammunition, revolvers and a general line of
sporting goods. In 1888 Mr. Camper added
bicycles, and handles the celebrated Dayton,
Yale, Crescent, Reading and Royal wheels, as

JAMES W. CAMPER.

18S5. In 1886 he was married to Mrs. Emma
(Culp) Miller, and resides in a p.etty home
at 817 Park avenue.

JOHN P. ME1GHAN.

Mr. John F. Meighan, the engineer of the
tuy of south Bend, is a practical engineei
of .ong experience, and of unquestioned ability
in his profession. He was born in Cincin-
nati, Ohio, July 25, 1847, and his father, Patrick
Meighan, was a piominent conti actor in that
city. His ear.y education was acquired in the
private schools of Ohio, and he afterwaid
studied civil engineering in the college at
the Hallbrook Institute. He went to Logans-
poit, Indiana, in 187z, and worked at engineer-
ing and surveying in the Wabash VaLey
country for several years. He was elected
County Surveyor of Carro.l County for three
consecutive terms, and was appointed United
States Deputy Suiveyor by George W. Juiien,
Surveyor Gene.al of New Mexico, in 1885. He
worked in the public surveys and at mining and
irrigation engineering in that section of the
country for over three years. The fall of 1888
ne came to South Bend and established himself
in business as a civil engineer, and almost

21 -J

SOUTH BEND

from that time until 1S97 he acted as assistant
to the City Engineer, and in that capacity
acquired a thorough knowledge of the needs
and requirements of the city from an engineer-

JOIIX F. &LEIGHAX.

ing standpoint. He was appointed City Engi-
neer in April, lbUO. and has proven himself
a thoroughly able and efficient official. He has
mastered eveiy detail of the system of pubic
improvements, in this and other progressive
cities, and ranks hign in his chosen profession.
Mr. Meighan was married to an estimable lady
who died and left him the care of three boys.
He is a quiet, undemonstrative man, but with
a capacity for work and full of valuable re-
sources, he is eminently fitted for the iespon-
sible position he now holds.

CHARLES VINSON.

Mr. Charles Vinson has been an honoied
citizen of South Bend for nearly half a cen-
tury, and for more than thirty years was an
ii< tive and successful business man in this
i ity. Mr. Vinson is a native of Germany, and
was born at Waldorf, near Fiankfort-on-the-
Main. September 10, 1825. He is a son of
Phillip Vinson, a prosperous and prominent
butcher in that locality. Mr. Vinson received
his education in his native town, and learned
his father's business, being engaged by him
until 1S53, when he decided to come to Ameri-
ca. He was twenty-seven years of age when

he located in South Bend, in 1852. and at once
established himself in the meat business on
West Washington street, between Main and
.Michigan streets. He fully understood every
detail of his business and was successful fiom
the outset, and always commanded a large
trade. For thirty yeais he transacted a large
business at the old stand, and in 1883 he
retired with a competence. Since that time
he has been temporarily engaged in the fur-
nituie and confectionery business, but has
largely devoted himself to the care of his
pioperties. Mr. \ inson has always taken a
deep interest in public affairs, and was City
.Marshal from 1S56 to 1S5S. In 1SS4 he was
chosen as a member of the City Board of
Health, and served in that office until 1889.
He is highly esteemed in the community, and
has many warm fiiends among the older resi-
dents of the city, and is a member of Robert
Blum Lodge of the I. O. O. F. In 1859 he was
married to Miss Elizabeth Pulvermiller, a most
estimable lady, and a native of Niederbrun,
near Strasburg, who shared his domestic life
until October 2o, 1899, when death entered
the household and claimed the loving and de-
voted wife and mother for his own. Mr. Vin-
son's family consists of a son and daughter,

CHARLES \ INMIN.

Mr. Charles H. Vinson, who has been engaged
in the office of the Studebaker Bros. Manufac-
turing Company for twenty-eight years, and
Mrs. W. S. Robertson, with whom he resides
in the old home at 315 West Jefferson street.

SOUTH BEND.

215

Mr. Vinson was one of the promoters and or-
ganizers of the German Evangelical Church in
this city in 1S63, and is a trustee and a liberal
contiibutor to its support.

F. P. NICELY.

Mr. F. P. Nicely, one of South Bend's suc-
cessful business men, is a native of Indiana,
and was born at Cambridge City, August 7,
1864. When but a child his parents removed
to Kansas, where the family remained for
four years, when they removed to Cincinnati,
Ohio. Here in the public schools of the Queen
City the subject of this sketch was educated
and lived until he had reached his sixteenth

m ^ r.

F. P. NICELY.

year. At that age he started out in the world
to seek his fortune. He began work in a paper
mill in the Miami Valley, and learned the
trade in a most thorough manner, and worked
for a number of years in the leading mills in
that section. He then went to South Carolina,
where he engaged in the same line, and then
to Wisconsin, where he continued in the busi-
ness, until 1882, when he came to South Bend.
When he landed in this city he had just
twenty-five cents in his pocket. He found em-
ployment with Lucius Clark & Co., who sold
out the business to the Indiana Paper Com-
pany in 1884. He was then employed by the
latter company and took entire charge of the
business until the spring of 1899, when he
leased the E. S. Reynolds paper mill, on Mad-

ison street, and started in business for himself,
and has won success and built up a large trade
that keeps the mill running night and day.
Mr. Nicely makes a fine grade of wrapping
paper for the general trade, and makes five
tons daily, marketing the output in Chicago
and other central points. Mr. Nicely is an
energetic business man whose long experience
in the paper trade makes nlm conversant with
every detail of it. He is a man of integrity
and thoroughly public spirited, and lends his
inhuence to all enterprises calculated to ad-
vance the city's best interests. Being assured
of the future of South Bend, he has erected a
store building and flats on South Michigan
street and Broadway at a cost of about
$8,000.00. Mr. Nicely was married in 1887
to Miss Elva Slough, a native of St. Joseph
County, and resides in a handsome home at
the corner of South Main and Broadway.

C. B. MURPHY.

Mr. C. B. Murphy, the energetic agent of the
Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway
Company, of this city, was born at Toledo.
Ohio, September it, 1857. Mr. Murphy is a son
of John Murphy, a well known resident of
Toledo, and Hannah (Dillmore) Murphy. Young
Murphy received his education in the public
and high schools of his native city, and when
he had completed his education decided upon
a military field training, and enlisted in Com-
pany D, Third United States Cavalry, and
went into active service in the Indian wars of
the late seventies in Nebraska, Wyoming and
the Northwest. Mr. Murphy saw hard service
under Generals Merritt, Miles and Henry, and
participated in many of the most noted battles
of the Indian campaigns, and was promoted
from a private to First Sergeant. He was
active and gallant .n the campaign against
the Utes in 1878, and was in the battles fought
during July and August of that year under
General Merritt. In the Cheyenne campaign,
in February, 1878, he helped capture Chief
Dull Knife and his band. Sergeant Murphy
was mustered out oi service after five years,
and returned to Toledo, where he was employed
a short time by the Pennsylvania Railway
Company, resigning his position to accept one
with the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern.
He went in the erupoy of the Lake Shore
December 22, 1881, as a clerk in the freight
office at Toledo, and has been continually in
the service of the company. In ±883 he was
promoted to pool clerk, and in 1S84 to contract-
ing agent of the company in Toledo. In 1890

■mi;

SOUTH BEND

he was made agent at the Wagon Works, a
hustling suburb of Toledo, where is located
the Milburn Wagon uompany and other indus-
tries, in April, 1893, he was made agent at
Laporte, Indiana, and in September of the same
year was made agent here, where he has since
remained. Mr. Murphy is widely known in
railway circles as an energetic and capable
official. Mr. Murphy was married in 1885 to
Miss Lenore Packer, of Toledo, and resides at
No. 1211 South Michigan street.

DR. JAMES H. CANNON.

Dr. James H. Cannon is a physician of.
prominence, and although he has but recently
associated with the medical fraternity of this

...

DK. JAMES II. < A.NNnN.

city, has been in successful practice for a
number or years. He was born in Park County
Indiana, February 19, 1856, and his father, R.
P. H. Cannon, was a prominent citizen in that
locality. When he was but two years of age
his father removed to Muscatine, Iowa, where
his early education was acquired. In 1867 his
family returned to Indiana, and the young man
completed his studies in the public and high
schools of this state. He went to Greenfield,
Missouri, in 1878, and afterward attended the
Missouri Medical College, at St. I.ouis, gradu-
ating from that institution in 1881. He at once
commenced the general practice of medicine
and surgery, and was located in Jasper, Mis-
souri, and Topeka, Kansas, for a number of

years. He was next officially connected with
tlic Hospital Association of the Atchison. To-
peka and Santa Fe Railway Company, and for
years had charge of the medical work for that
corporation in the mining town of Toluca, Il-
linois. Seeking a wider field of usefulness,
l>r. Cannon came to South Bend in 1899, and
at once was recognized as an able and ex-
pert physician and surgeon, and is highly es-
teemed in the community. He is a member
of the Masonic, K. O. T. M., Modern Wood-
men, A. O. U. W., and the Eastern Star Fra-
ternities. Dr. Cannon was married to Miss
Harriet M. Talbutt, of Greenfield, Missouri,
and with his family resides at No. 224 North
Main street.

NELSON L. JONES.

Mr. Nelson L. Jones, who, since November,
1899, has been connected with the firm of
Studebaker & Jones, tne prominent funeral
directors of South Bend, is a native of Indiana,
and was born in Johnson County, Januaiy 21,
iSbS. His father, N. H. Jones, was a successful
farmer in that locality. As a boy he attended
ine district schools in the vicinity of his home,
and the high scnool at Whiteland, Indiana.
Later he took a course at Adrian College, at

NELSON I., .mines.

Adrian, Michigan, and then went to Indianapo-
lis, where for three years he was engaged in
the hardware business unier W. P. Maine.

SOUTH BEND.

217

He then connected himself with the great
tuneral directing establishment of Fianner &
Buchanan, in Indianapolis, where he remained
for eight years. Here he acquired a thorough
Knowledge of that important business, and
during the last three years with the firm had
entire charge and management of their ex-
tensive business. In 1896 he came to South
Bend and was the chief assistant to Mr. D. E.
Huntsinger, in which position he remained
until iNovember, 1899, when Mr. Huntsinger
retired, and was succeeded by tne firm of
Studebaker & Jones. Mr. Jones is a master
of every detail of this delicate profession, and
is one of the most careful and expert embalm-
ers in the west. He is a graduate of the well
known Ciark's College of Embalming, and aft-
erward took a post-graduate course in the Ori-
ental ochool of Embalming, at Boston, Massa-
chusetts. He aiso took a special course in
aodominal surgery and dissection under the
late Dr. Marsee. of Indianapolis, and is thor-
oughly equipped by study, experience and prac-
tice for the profession he now so successfully
follows. He is fraternally associated with
the Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias and
the B. P. O. E., and is a member of the Com-
mercial-Athletic Club. He was married in 1896
to Miss .anna Hobart, whose home was near
Toledo, Ohio, and with his family, consisting
of two sons, resides at No. 424 Larnont Ter-
race, in Chapin Park.

DR. JOHN A. STOECKLEY.

Dr. John A. Stoeckley is one of the reliable
and expert young dentists of this city, and
enjoys the confidence and esteem of the com-
munity. He is a native of Ohio, and was born
in Monroeville, in that state, May 20, 1870.
When ne was but a year old his father, An-
thony Stoeckley, died. Dr. Stoeckley, even in
his boyhood, was ambitious to succeed in life,
and all his youthful energies were devoted to
the accomplishment of this object. His early
education was acquired in the common and
high schools of his native town, and when he
arrived at proper age ne engaged in the drug
business in Monroeville, and afterward in
Cleveland, Ohio. Being dependent upon his
own resources, the young man came to South
Bend, and for several years was connected
with the well known pharmacist, E. R. Van-
derhoof, where he soon became deservedly
popular and a most efficient druggist. Having
selected dentistry as his profession, he attend-
ed the Chicago Dental College, and graduated
with honor from that institution in 1896. Dr.

Stoeckley is practically a self made man, and
by his own unaided efforts, and close study
of his delicate and responsible profession, he
attained his present prominence. He is a
practical and progressive dental surgeon, and
his clients are among the many influential
and substantial citizens ot South Bend, and a
large patronage from Notre Dame University.
His office at 111 West Washington street is
equipped with every appliance known to mod-
ern dentistry, and his courtesy and the excel-
lence of his professional methods have in-

DU. JOHN A. STOECKLEY.

creased and maintained his popularity. He is
a member of the Alumni Association of the
Chicago Dental College. Dr. Stoeckley is un-
married and is a favorite in the social circles
of the city.

SAMUEL W. STUDEBAKER.

Mr. Samuel W. Studeuaker, of the firm of
Studebaker & Jones, the prominent funeral
directors and undertakers of South Bend, is
well and favorably known in this community.
He is a native of this city, and was born April
2, 1854. His father, Henry Studebaker, was
a prominent and esteemed resident. Mr. Stude-
baker received his early education in the public
schools of this city and at the University of
Notre Dame, and for twelve years was en-
gaged in agricultural pursuits and the man-
agement of the farm of Peter E. Studebaker.

218

SOUTH BEND

He then engaged in the livery business, and
tor nine years conducted the handsomely
equipped livery and boarding stables on South
Main street. In November, 1899, in connec-

<*m**

1884, the church was dedicated by the Rt.
Rev. Bishop Dwenger, of Fort Wayne. A parish
school has also been added and erected ou
the grounds, and the scholars number 160. The
Rev. Peter Johannes is a native of Germany,
and was born at Eischen, Grand Duchy of Lux-
embourg, September 29, 1855. His father was
John Johannes, a well known farmer in that
locality. Father Johannes attended the parish
schools at Eischen, and afterward was a stu-
dent at the Athenaeum in Luxembourg. He
came to America and joined the Congregation
of the Holy Cross at Notre Dame, Indiana, in
1874. He was professed in 1875, and was or-
dained to the priesthood October 12, 1878. In
1 s77, however, prior to his ordination, he taught
in St. Joseph's College at Cincinnati. Ohio,
and he was first stationed as a priest in the
Church of the Sacred Heart, at New Orleans,
Louisiana, from 1879 to 1881. In 1882 he came
to South Bend and took charge of the congre-
gation of St. Mary's. Father Johannes was
always deeply interested in the cause of edu-
cation, and he first organized his parish school
in the sacristy of the church, with twenty-
seven children. From that inception both the
church and the school have made rapid ad-
vancement and marked progress. In 1S84 a

SAMUEL W. STUDEBAKER.

tion with Mr. Nelson L. Jones, he purchased
the business of D. E. Huntsinger, in the estab-
lished undertaking business, at 307 West Jef-
ferson street, which has since been under the
direction of Studebaker &. Jones. Mr. Stude-
baker is a gentleman of high business stand-
ing and enjoys the esteem of the entire com-
munity. He is a member of the Indiana Club,
and of the K. O. T. M. Fraternity. He was mar-
ried to Miss Mary E. Martin, formerly of New
York, and with his family resides at No. 114
Franklin Place.

REV. PETER JOHANNES, C. S. C.

The Rev. Peter Johannes, the honored
father in charge of St. Mary's German Catholic
Church, located on South Taylor street, has
been in clerical charge of that congregation
since it was established, in February, 1882.
The congregation was originally established
by Father Johannes, and under his wise guid-
ance and spiritual leadership it has grown to
its present membership of one hundred and
fifty families, and the beautiful church of St.
Mary's has also been erected under his incum-
bency. The first service was held in this
church on Christmas day, 1S83. On May 11,

REV. P. JOHANNES, C. S. C.

one story school building was erected and an
additional story erected in 1891. The school
was placed in the hands of the Sisters of the
Holy Cross, and four teachers are now engaged.

SOUTH BEND

219

In 1895 lie purchased the priest's residence
at No. 431 South Taylor street, and the same
year St. Mary's Hall was designed for the
meeting of the church societies, and erected
on the grounds belonging to the church. Among
the organizations connected with St. Mary's are
the St. John's Benevolent Society, Catholic
Knights of America, St. Bonitace Branch; St.
Marys Commandery, uniformed; Catholic
Knights and Ladies, Sacred Heart Altar So-
ciety, Young Ladies Sodality, and the Holy
angels Sodality. The church has been hand-
somely beautified and lighted and heated, and
is to-day in a most prosperous condition, and
exercises a vast power for good. Father Jo-
hannes has won the esteem and affection of his
congregation, and through every progressive
step he has been its most earnest director and
instigator.

DR. CLEM SH1DLER.

Among the leading and deservedly successful
young dentists ot South Bend must be men-
tioned Dr. Clem Shidler, whose hadsomely
appointed parlors and operating rooms are lo-
cated in the Kizer building, at the southeast
corner of Washington and Lafayette streets.
Dr. Shidler was born at Lakeville, St. Joseph

his earlies years he attended the village
schools, and afterward was sent to the Indi-
ana State Normal School, where he graduated
as a Bachelor of Science. Deciding upon a
professional career, he entered the Chicago
College of Dental Surgery, serving as assistant
chemist in that institution for the entire three
years of his course. He graduated in 1S99,
carrying off the Certificate of Honor given in
the operating department. He is a member
of the Supreme Chapter of the Delta Sigma
Delta Fraternity, the Alumni and the Odonto-
logical Society, and he has always taken an
active part in these societies for the further-
ance of knowledge in the dental science. He
at once came to South Bend and opened an
ortice for the practice of his profession. He
.s an expert and painstaking operator, and has
already achieved a justly earned reputation
tor the superior excellence of his work, and
nits patrons are among the leading families of
this city. Dr. Shidler is popular in the social
circles of South Bend, and is regarded as one
or the best and most expert among the dental
fraternity of the city.

Dl{. CLEM SHIDLER.

County, Indiana, and his father, Adam W.
Shidler, is a prominent farmer in that section
of the country, and the young man had all
the advantages of a superior education. In

DR. JULIA D. GODFREY.

Dr. Julia D. Godfrey, who is a successful
medical practitioner in this city, is a native
of Ohio, and is the descendent of a most excel-
lent family. Her parents were Abner DeVore
(originally DeVere) and Louise M. (Gardner)
DeVore. and her father was a prosperous farm-
er. Dr. Godfrey received her early education
in the public schools in the Ursuline Convent.
She entered the Lebanon State Normal School,
but the death of her mother, which occurred
soon after, compelled her to relinquish her
studies and assume the management of her
father's household. She afterward taught
school for several terms. She was married
to Rev. Samuel Godfrey, D. L. Inspired by a
desire to study medicine. Mrs. Godfrey be-
came a matriculant of Hahnemann Medical
College, of Chicago, from which honored insti-
tution she graduated in 1891. She commenced
ner practice in this city, and was remarkably
successful for several years, when she removed
to Chicago and practiced her profession there
for more than two years. Dr. Godfrey then
removed to Delavan, Wisconsin, where she
acquired a high reputation as a physician and
surgeon. It was here that, under the advice
and assistance of Prof, von aeissemilch, a
noted German physician and scientist, who was
graduated from Berlin anu Paris colleges, Dr.
Godfrey decided to make her professional spe-

220

SOUTH BEND

cialty the treatment of diseases of women,
ana in this branch of her profession she has
won success and reputation. Dr. Godfrey is
a thorough student and has taken seveial post-

town High Schocfl, and when he had completed
his education started in commercial life with
his brother, C. W. Rider, at Watertown. After
seven years he went to iimghaniton, New York,
and with Mr. W. A. Ebblie started in the five
and ten cent store business, at which he has
since continued with success, now having large
stores at South Bend, Lafayette, Indiana.
Quincy, Llinois, and Davenpo:t. Iowa. In 1893
ne came to South Bena and started in his
present successful business, and his large store
is one of the busiest snopping marts in the
city. The store is completely fitted with every
modern device, cash carrier service, etc., and
the stock is varied and complete, embracing
every manner of useful and ornamental arti-
cles, toys, china, glassware, confectionery,
books, stationery, household utensils, Yankee
notions, ribbons, laces, etc. A large force of
experienceu clerks give courteous attention to
shoppers, and Rider's Five and Ten Cent Store
is popular with every class of trade. Mr. Rider
is a young man of high commercial sagacity
and integrity. He is a member of the Indiana
Club and the Commercial-Athletic Club, and

DR. JULIA D. GODFREY.

graduate courses in special branches, particu-
larly electiicity and orificial surgery- She is
a lady of refinement and culture, and as a
medical practitioner is capaoie and conscien-
tious to a high degree. She is a member of
the Northern Indiana ana Southern Michigan
Medical Association. Her office is in the Dean
building and her patients are among the lead-
ing families of this section, and Chicago and
Wisconsin. She resides with her family at No.
530 Vistula avenue.

SOLON D. KIDER.

Mr. Solon D. Rider, proprietor of the large
and popular Five and Ten Cent Store at No.
127 South Michigan street, is a young business
man whose ability anu commercial genius have
rapidly brought him to the front and won for
him a justly deserved success. Mr. Rider is
a native of the Empire State, and was born in
the City of Watertown, Mew York, July 28,
1867. He is a son of Mr. Charles Rider, a
successful farmer of Sanford's Corners, Jef-
ferson County. New York, and his mother was
Maryette (WinslowJ Rider. Young Rider was
educated in the public schools and the Water-

m il. i in II. RIDEB.

popular in business and social circles. He was
married in 1S92 to Miss Clara Kennedy, ot
Watertown, New York, and resides with his es-
timable wife at No. 435 South Main street.

SOUTH BEND,

221

AUGUST OHM.
Mr. August Ohm, one of the leading con-
tractors and builders of this state, whose
home is at Terre Haute, Indiana, is the con-
tractor and constructor of the handsome new

DR. WALTER D. CHAFFEE.

Dr. waiter D. Chaffee, who has achieved an
excellent reputation in this city as a progres-
sive and skillful gynaecologist and physician,
is a native of Lima, Michigan. He was horn
August 4, 1864, and his father, Rev. Comfort
T. Chaffee, D. D., was a prominent Baptist
clergyman in that city. Dr. Chaffee received
his literary education at the Central Univer-
sity of Pella, Iowa, and at the State University
at Lincoln, Nebraska, after which he studied
medicine in the famous Hahnemann College, of
Chicago, where he grauuated in 1887. For a
short time he practiced his profession at East
Saginaw, and at Three Rivers, Michigan, and
in 188i* he came to Soutn Bend, where he has
been in continuous and successful practice to
the present time. Dr. Chaffee is an acknowl-
edged authority on gynaecology, and is a spe-
cial practitioner in that important branch of
medical science. He is a member of the med-
ical staff of the Epworth Hospital, and lectures
before the Training School for Nurses on
Materia Medica. He is also a member of the
National Institute of Homeopathy, and the
Northern Indiana and Southern Michigan
Homeopathic Medical Society, and has con-
tributed a number of interesting papers to the

AUGUST OHM.

banking house of the St. Joseph County Sav-
ings Bank, at North Main and Center streets.
This handsome three story building, of brick
and stone, is one of the structural ornaments
of the city, and one of the prettiest buildings
here. The front and side is of fine cut Bed-
ford stone, beautifully ornamented, and pre-
senting a most massive and yet graceful ap-
pearance. The interior is equally handsomely
finished. Mr. Ohm is a contractor and builder
of long experience and high reputation, and
his work has always met with the highest
commendation. He was the constructor of
the magnificent building known as the Indiana
State Building, at the World's Columbian Ex-
position, in 1893; the Vandalia freight and
passenger station in this city, and he was also
the contractor and builder of the Big Four
passenger station at Terre Haute, the
Monogher & Dresslin Hotel, the Indiana
State Normal School, the United States Post-
offlce, and Marshall Flat buildings at Terre
Haute, as well as many other fine buildings.
Mr. Ohm appreciates the push and advantages
of South Bend, and is contemplating making
this city his future home. His work on the
St. Joseph County Savings Bank Building
ranks him as a leading builder.

DR. WALTER D. CHAFFEE.

leading medical journals of the country. He
was married to Miss Emma L. Bradford of
Quincy, Illinois, and resides at No. 525 Portage
avenue.

222

SOUTH BEND.

EDMUND A. CHOCKELT.

Mr. Edmund A. Choekelt is the only son
and succesor of his father, John A. Choekelt.
the well known manufacturer of wagons and
carriages of this city. He was born here

.^V

^&L,.

highly honored and respected citizens of La-
porte County. When he was but seven years
of age Mr. Dickson removed, with his mother,
to Kansas City. Missouri, where he remained
nearly thirty years. He acquired his early
education in the public schools of that city,
and supplemented this by self study and a
comprehensive line of reading. Being of an
artistic and poetical temperament, he early
evinced a taste for art, literature and poetry,
which, combined with a deep love of nature,
his mental gifts were largely cultivated and
developed by numerous trips through the wild
\vi stern country. From early boyhood he was
a contributor to standard western journals,
and at the age of seventeen he became a re-
porter on the Kansas City Journal. He soon
became known throughout the west as a bril-
liant journalist and writer on religio-philo-
sophical subjects and a poet of nature, and his
numerous writings appeared in many of the
magazines and journals of the day. In 1SS4
he founded the Dickson School of Business
Technique, which continued in successful
operation for about thirteen years. He was
the author of a successful work entitled "Mod
ern Punctuation," now largely in use through-
out the United States, and several popular

EDM1 M) A. I IIOCKELT.

January 30, 1871, and acquired his education
here in the public schools and German Acad-
emy, and took a course in the local Commercial
College. After leaving school he entered the
establishment of his father at 115-117 West
Jefferson street, and acquired a practical
knowledge of the workings of every depart-
ment of this extensive manufactory. Since the
death of his father, in September, 1899, he
has ably managed the business and increased
its trade in the western cities. Mr. Choekelt
is a thorough business man, and is one of the
most energetic and progressive manufacturers
of this city. He was married to Miss Kather-
ine Heller, of South Bend, and lives at No.
126 South Main street.

WILLIAM BRADFORD DICKSON.

Mr. William Bradford Dickson, formerly the
leader of the First Church of Christ, Scientist,
of this city, and the author of the beautiful
religio-philosophical poems, entitled "Psalms
of Soul," is well known in the community.
Mr. Dickson is a native of Indiana, and was
born in the village of Rolling Prairie, Septem-
ber 23. 1881. He is the youngest son of Daniel
Morris Dickson and Mary Ann Dickson, both

WILLIAM BRADFORD DICKSON.

text books on business college work. Yield-
ing to his early religious tendencies he closed
his college to become a follower and practi-
tioner of Christian Science. He was First

SOUTH BEND,

223

Reader of the Second Church of Christ, Sci-
entist, of Kansas City for several years, when
he returned to Indiana and became connected
with the First Church of this city as First
Reader, or Conductor of Services, he, with
his wife and a number of local Christian Sci-
entists, being the founders of the present
church. In November, 1900, he issued his
beautiful poems, entitled "Psalms of Soul,
a unique anu elevating volume appealing to
the higher thought life. Mr. Dickson was united
in maniage in 1883 to Miss Clara M. Barret,
daughter of Richard and Sarah A. Barret, of
Springfield, Illinois, both of whom were inti-
mate friends of ADraham Linco n, and Mrs.
Barret is mentioned in "Herndon's History of
Lincoln" as one of the great President's most
intimate lady, friends, whom he desired to make
his wife, but was not accepted. Mr. Dickson
is a conscientious man of great energy, and
enjoys the esteem of all who have met him.

FRED J. LOUGHMAN.

Mr. Fred J. Loughman, the junior member
of the well known firm of Loughman Hubbard
& Loughman. transfer agents and extensive
dealers in coal and wood, was born in Mish-

FKED. J. L0DGHM.4N.

awaka, December 28, 1874. His father is Mr.
James H. Loughman, the senior member of
the firm, who removed to South Bend when his
son was but a child. Mr. Loughman attended

the public schools in this city, and when old
enough was engaged in business with his fa-
ther, and acquired a thorough knowledge of
all its details. In 1S98 the present firm was
established, and Mr. Loughman was made an
active partner in the concern, for which his
previous experience so eminently qualified him.
He is a practical and progressive business
man, and enjoys the esteem of hosts of friends.
He was married in 1895 to Miss Catherine
Rock, and with his young son, James Alfred
Loughman, resides at No. 1013 Vistula avenue.

DR. FRANK D. HAGER, D. D. S.

Dr. Frank D. Hager. the well known dentist,
whose office and parlors are at No. 10S West
Washington street, is a native of Canada, and

DR. PRANK D. IIAGER, D. D. S.

was born at Hagersville, Ontario, December
14, 1871, the son of Charles Hager and Mary
(Howard) Hager. As a boy he attended the
Caledonia Collegiate Institute, an educational
institution near his nome, and there received
a good education. He next took a course
in the Normal School for Teachers, and then
adopted the profession of teaching, which he
continued one year. Mr. Hager decided to take
up another profession, and chose that of den-
tistry, and began its study with Dr. Nobbs,
of Hagersville, Ontario. He then took a course
at the Chicago College of Dental Surgery,
where he received his degree in 1896, after

224

SOUTH BEND.

which he took a post-graduate course at the
Chicago Dental College. Concluding his pro-
fessional studies, he came to South Bend and
began a successful practice, and has built up
a clientele among our best families. Dr. Hager
was ma:ried in 1899 to Miss Adalyn von Trump,
of this city.

THOMAS W. SLICK.

Mr. Thomas W. Slick, of South Bend, is a
type of the progressive American of the west.
He is a native of this city, and was born July
5, 1869. He is a son of Thomas J. Slick, for-
merly a local merchant and later a successful
farmer, and was Assessor of St. Joseph County.
The young man attended the public schools
and graduated from the high school in 1889.
He afterward went to the Michigan University
at Ann Arbor, where he took the regular law
course and a special course in the literary de-
partment, graduating in 1S93 with the honor-
able degree of LL.B. He was admitted to the
Dar during that year, and at once commenced
the practice of his protession, and was re-
markably successtul. On March 22, 1897, on
the division of the judicial circuit composed
oi Laporte and St. Joseph Counties, he was
appointed Prosecuting Attorney for the St.

oi fine literary attainments and well versed in
the law. As a public prosecutor he has been
remarkably successful, and in the conduct of
his cases nas won the esteem and confidence
ot both the bench ana the bar. He distin-
guished himself in the prosecution of the
West, Pinkerton and Burke cases wffich at-
tracted general attention, and in a number of
other prosecutions during his term of office
has shown marked ability and achieved weii
earned success. Mr. Slick is identified with
a number of enterprises of a business nature,
and is secretary oi the new River View Ceme-
tery Association, in which he is connected with
many of the leaumg citizens of South Bend.
His office is at No. 119 North Main street. In
private life he is a genial gentleman of refine-
ment and culture, and his home at No. 521
Vistula avenue is presiued over by his estima-
ble wife, who was formerly Miss Mollie G.
Falknor. They have two sons. The future of
Mr. Slick is fraught with Drilliant promise,
and his popularity in the community will even-
tually lead to higher honor.

THOMAS \Y. SLICK

Joseph County District by Governor Mount, of
Indiana, and was re-elected in 1898 by the
voters of the circuit. Mr. Slick is a gentleman

BENJAMIN I. NEWMAN.

Mr. Benjamin 1. Newman, who is the owner
of the handsome and splendidly equipped "Nov-
elty Barn," at Nos. 32o-328 South Michigan
street, and the extensive and modern livery
at Nos. 213, 215 and 217 South Main street,
and the livery and transfer barns on North
Michigan street, is a native of Indiana, and
was born in Walcotville, LaGrange County,
February 9, 1860. After attending the public
schools, young Newman removed to Goshen,
where he was engaged in the teaming business,
and although but a mere boy, he hauled the
largest log that was ever carried into Goshen.
He removed to South Bena in 1880, and with
the exception of one year, spent in California,
has resided here ever since. For years he
was engaged in the hack business with Messrs.
Gish & Miller, and was then in the omnibus
business with Wayne Miller, under the firm
name of Miller & Newman. He was then
associated with Frank Ward in the same busi-
ness, and seven years ago he engaged in the
livery business on his own account, and since
that time has been one of the most successful
and popular liverymen in this city. The open-
ing of the "Novelty Barn" was an event of
local importance, and the novel and handsome
carriages, buggies, coupees, stanhopes and
drags, all made specially for Mr. Newman by
Studebakers, were au of the latest designs and
styles, and horses and harness were in full

SOUTH BEND

225

accord with the splendid equipages with which
this barn was stocked. The opening of this
enterprise by Mr. Newman had much to do
with the improvement of the private teams

Corry, Pennsylvania, where he was born Feb-
ruary 18, 1870. His father, Arthur J. Hub-
bard, was a manager for the Standard Oil
Company, and his mother was Eliza M. (Wade)
Hubbard. Until he was twelve years of age
young Hubbard lived at Corry, where he at-
tended the public schools. In 1882 his parents
removed to tnis city, where he went to the
public schools. When he had completed his
education he went to work for the Standard
Oil Company here, and later went with the
First National Bank as collector, where he
remained four years. In 1891 he went to De-
fiance, Ohio, with the Standard Oil Company,
and was there one year, when he returned to
South Bend and was employed by Mr. J. H.
Loughman. He then went with the Standard
Oil Company to Fostoria. and then to Toledo,
Ohio, and for four years traveled for that
company. He came back to South Bend and
started in the coal business under the style of
Hubbard & Loughman, and two years ago
that business was merged into the present
enterprise, under the style of Loughman, Hub-
bard & Loughman. Mr. Hubbard is a young
business man of high standing. In 1891 he

BENJAMIN I. NEWMAN.

owned by the residents of this city, and may
justly be regarded as a public benefit. His
handsome and extensive stables on Main street
also contain an excellent variety of up-to-date
rigs of all kinds, and his horses and harness
are the best known in the livery business.
For theaters, parties, funerals and public dis-
plays his equipages are in popular demand,
and his patrons are among the best citizens
in this vicinity. Mr. Newman repurchased the
Ward Hack and Transfer Company's barn and
business, including horses, wagons, hacks,
cabs, etc., November 1, 1900, and is now the
owner of the three best livery and transfer
barns in South Bend. Mr. Newman has
achieved his success by his own efforts, and
his progressive business methods, and to-day
conducts ine best equipped livery in the state
of Indiana. He was married to Miss Emma
Senrich, a native of New i'ork, and with his
estimable wife resides at No. 305 St. Louis
street.

ARTHUR D. HUBBARD.
Mr. Arthur DeVere mibbard, a member of
the widely known firm of Loughman, Hubbard
& Loughman, general transfer agents, movers,

ARTHUR D. HlllBARD.

was married to Miss Grace Loughman, daugh-
ter of Mr. James H. Loughman, and resides
in a pretty home at No. 729 South Michigan

etc., No. 817 South Main street, is a native of street.

22G

SOUTH BEND

THELUS M. BISSELL.

Mr. Thelus M. Bissell, whose lamented death
occuired at his home in this city on Ju'y 23,
1892, was one of the best known and most
highly honored manufacturers in the city, and
one of the most esteemed citizens of the com-
munity. His death was the result of an in-
jury to his foot received at his factory, and
which was intensified by his arduous and self-
sacrificing labors in saving the property of
his bi other manufacturers during the heavy
floods in the river. Mr. Bissell was a native
of Ohio, and was horn at Rootstown, Portage
County, in that state, March 6, 1824. He was
the eldest son of Alden Bissell and Hannah
(Gilbert) Bissell, who were natives of Litch-
field, Connecticut, but who early came to Ohio
and settled in Portage County. During his
early years Mr. Bissell labored with his father
on the farm and attended the district schools
in the vicinity of his home. Later he learned
the carpenter and millwright trade, at which
he worked until he was twenty-one years of
age. He then leased a foundry in Randolph
Ohio, in which he manufactured plows and
made a general line of iron castings. He in-
vented a lathe making machine and engaged
the firm of Blodgett & Clark, in South Bend
to build them for him. and in 1S56 came to
this city to personally superintend their man-
ufacture. In I860 Mr. Bissell was associated
with James Oliver, who then conducted busi-
ness under the firm name of Oliver, Little &
Co. They purchased the Pox & Lamb foundry
on the west race and conducted a general
foundry business for about one year, when a
fire broke out which completely destroyed the
plant and seriously crippled the firm finan-
cially. A new firm was organized, known as
Oliver, Bissell & Co., and the late Geoge
Milburn, of Mishawaka, became a partner in
the enterprise. A few years afterward a stock
company was incorporated under the name of
the South Bend Iron Works, which subse-
quently passed into the control of James
Oliver, who purchased the stock of the com-
pany. On severing his connection with this
company, Mr. Bissell became identified with
the South Bend Chilled Plow Works, with
which he remained for about four years. Dur-
ing this time, and for many years previous,
Mr. Bissell had been laboring and experiment-
ing in designing and constructing what he re-
garded as a perfect chiiled plow, and he after-
ward organized the Bissell Chilled Plow
Works, whose factory was located on the west
race. He was successful in this enterprise,

but in 1883 a disastrous fire occurred which
swept away the buildings and destroyed the
labor of years. Jndaunted and undismayed,
however, Mr. Bissell and his fellow stockhold-
ers rebuilt the works, but in 1886 another fire
occurred, and the company lost heavily. In
1890 Mr. Bissell organized a new corporation
under the name of the T. M. Bissell Chilled
Plow Company. He was associated with his
son, Frank Bissell, and his son-in-law, N. G.
Dakin, but he gave his undivided attention to
the business and was one of the most active
and energetic members of the company. It
was while engaged in the factory that he met
with the accident which caused his death.
Mr. Bissell left surviving him Mrs. Ellen Bis-

THBLDS M. BISSELL.

sell, his most estimable wife, who is still liv-
ing; a daughter, Esse B., now Mrs. N. G.
Dakin, of th.s city and Prank N. Bissell, of
Springfield. Missouri. He was one of the or-
ganizes of the St. Joseph County Savings
Bank, and for twenty-three years he served
on the board of trustees, of which he was
one of the original members. For twenty
years he was a director of the South Bend
Hydraulic Company, and for ten years acted
as president. Mr. Bissell was a man of force-
ful character, of strong convictions, and of
most excellent judgment. He ever sought the
right, and was inflexible in his purpose when
he beleived that he was right. In his domestic
life he was tender and affectionate, and while

SOUTH BEND

227

he was s'.ow to contract new friendships, they
were strong and lasting. He was an honored
citizen, and enjoyed the esteem of the com-
munity, who sincerely mourned his death. His
funeral was attended by his many friends, and
C. A. Kimball, L. G. Tong, George W. Matthews,
Albert G. Cushing, John Gallagher and Charles
G. Hodson acted as pall bearers.

WILLIAM J. HUNKER.

The present successful management of the
South Bend Electric Company is largely due
to the progressive business methods adopted

WILLIAM J. IIUNKEK.

by its able secretary and manager, Mr. Wil-
liam J. Hunker. Although but recently ap-
pointed to that responsible position, Mr.
Hunker has already demonstrated rare ability
in the affairs of the company, and has ma-
terially increased the scope of its operations,
while effecting a marked decrease in its legiti-
mate expenditures. Mr. Hunker is a native
of the Keystone State, and was born at Pitts-
burg. Pennsylvania, September 6, 1866. His
father. Mr. William P. Hunker, was a manu-
facturer of confectionery, and is at present
superintendent of the Allegheny City Poor
Farm and Insane Hospital. Mr. Hunker at-
tended the public and high schools of Pitts-
burg, and on the completion of his education
he entered the City Engineer's office as sur-
veyor in 1883. He retained this position until
'887, when he entered the employ of the Al-

legheny County Electric Light Company, of
which George Westinghouse, Jr., was the pres-
ident. In 1890 he was made superintendent
of the company and fulfilled the duties of this
position until 1899, when he came to South
Bend to assume the management of the local
company, to which office he was appointed
in November of that year. Mr. Hunker is a
progressive business man of the alert and
energetic type, and has done much to increase
and improve the service of his company, and
at the same time to materially lessen the cost
of production, two essential features in the
management of a corporation of a public char-
acter. Mr. Hunker is a courteous gentleman
and an enterprising official, and enjoys the
esteem of the community. He also acts as
the assistant treasurer ot the company and
has charge of the finances of that institution.
He is a member of the Indiana and Commer-
cial-Athletic Clubs, and of the Elks. In 1891
he was married to Miss Catherine Evans, of
Pittsburg, and with his estimable wife resides
in a pleasant home at the corner of Main and
Water streets.

BENJAMIN W. PERKINS.

Mr. Benjamin W. Perkins, superintendent
of the South Bend Fuel and Gas Company, was

''-':.\.

BENJAMIN W. PERKINS.

born in London, England, September 27, 1859.
He is a son of Mr. Benjamin R. Perkins, an
expert gas manufacturer, and Mary M. (West-

22S

SOUTH BEND

wood) Perkins. Until lie was eight years of
age young Perkins lived in London, and in
L867 his parents came to America and located
at Springfield, Illinois where he also attended
school, and two years later removed to Peoria,
Illinois. In 1872 the family removed to Frank-
lin, Indiana, and afterward to Columbus, Indi-
ana. In 1S76 Mr. Perkins came to South
Bend and engaged with the South Bend Fuel
and Gas Company, where he learned every
detail of gas manufacture. In 1S81 he was
made superintendent of the company, which
position he now holds. During that time the
company has installed the most modern gas
making machinery and appliances and erected
holders of large capacity, extended its mains,
and furnishes the most complete and eco-
nomical gas service in the state. Mr. Perkins
is a member of the Western Gas Association
and is one of its directors, and is also a mem-
ber of the Ohio Gas Light Association, and
editor of its Novelty Advertising Department.
Mr. Perkins has contributed valuable artcles
on gas and its manufacture to publications in
that line. He is a member of the Commercial-
Athletic Club and the Knights of Pythias.
Mr. Perkins was married in 18S4 to Miss Ida
C. Adams, of Columbus, Indiana, and with his
estimable wife resides at No. 845 Colfax ave-
nue.

GEORGE C. MUESSEL.

Mr. George C. Muessel, one of South Bend's
oldest and most honored merchants, is a na-
tive of Arzberg, Bavaria and was born there
November 20, 1842. He is a son of J. B.
Muessel and Catherine (Reis) Muessel. When
he was a boy but six years of age his parents
came to America and located on a farm near
Mishawaka. In 1853 they moved to South

Bend, where Mr. Muessel has since lived.
He attended the public schools here, and the
old Seminary. He was a clerk in the store
of J. G. Bartlett for six years. In 1865, with
Mr. Chris Kountzeman, he started in the gro-
cery business under the style of Kountze-
man & Muessel, and one year later bought out
the interest of his partner. In 1872 he erected
the present three story building at No. 113
North Main street. In 1898 he admitted his
son, Charles A. Muessei, to partnership, under
the firm name of G. C. Muessel & Son. The
firm carries a large line of staple and fancy
groceries and has a fine trade. Mr. Muessel
was married in 1867 to Miss Caroline Elbel
and with his estimable wife resides at No.
113 North Main street.

EDWIN J. LENT, M. D.

Dr. Edwin J. Lent is a specialist in diseases
of the eye, ear, nose and throat, to which
branches his practice is exclusively limited.
Dr. Lent was born at Ficton, Prince Edward
County, Canada. August 17, 1870. His father
is a wholesale and retail marble dealer in that
locality. He received his early education at
the Picton public and high schools, and in
18SS began his medical course at the Royal
College of Physicians and Surgeons of Queen's
University, at Kingston. He graduated in 1892
and came to Indiana in May of that year. He
located in Lakeville, Indiana, in October, 1S92,
and conducted a successful general practice
for seven years. In 1899 he went to New York
City and devoted his entire time to the study

DR. EDWIN J. LENT

of diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat
until the spring of 1900, when he returned
and located at No. 109 West Washington street,
South Bend. He is a member of the St. Jo-
seph County Medical Society and the Amer-
ican Medical Association. He was married
in December, 1893, to Miss Maud Van Liew,
of Lakeville, and resides at No. 123 South
Laurel street.

LOUIS S. LA PIERRE.

Mr. Louis S. La Pierre is one of the young,
successful and expert dentists in this city,
and ranks deservedly high in his profession,
and is master of every detail of its delicate

SOUTH BEND.

229

and responsible practice. He is a native of
South Bend, and was born in this city June
8. 1866. Dr. La Pierre is a son of J. M. La
Pierre, who is still an active business man

He was born in Natick, Massachusetts, July
21, 1867, and his father, the Rev. Addison
Parker, was a clergyman of prominence in
that locality. After spending some time in
the preparatory schools of the east, Mr. Park-
er's preliminary education was received at the
Mornstown Academy and Peddle Institute,
Hightstown, New Jersey, and he afterward
took a course in tne Massachusetts Institute
of Technology at Boston. After his gradua-
tion from that institution, in 1888, he entered
the office of McKim, Mead & White, the lead-
ing architects of wew York City. He remained
with this firm three years, and then connected
himse.f with the Tiffany Glass and Decorating
Company, of New York, where he remained
two years and acquired a valuable store of
practical knowledge in decorative art. He
practiced in Sommerville, New Jersey, for a
short time, and then came to South Bend in
1»92 and established tne firm of Parker &
Austin. Mr. Parker is a thorough master of
his artistic profession and tne citizens of South
Bend have shown their material appreciation

DR. LOUIS S. LARIERRE.

here. He received his early education in the
public schools of South Bend and Walkerton,
and aiterward entered tne well known phar-
macy of Cushing & Co., now owned by Samuel
T. Appiegate. He rernai-ied witn this firm from
ls83 to 1890, and then realizing his aptitude
ior the dental profession, he tooK a two years'
course at the Chicago College of Dental Sur-
gery and graduated in 1892. He at once com-
menced the practice of his cnosen profession,
and has been remarkably successtul. His
handsome suite of offices at Michigan ami
Washington streets are equipped with all the
modern dental appliances, and his work has
gained for him a large class of valuable pa-
tients, and established his reputation as one
of the leading dentists of this city. He was
married to Miss Clara Cinz, of South Bend,
on February 17, 1896, and his pleasant and
cosy home is located at iNo. 402 West Solfax
avenue.

WILSON B. PARKER.

Mr. Wilson B. Parker, successor of the
architectural firm of Parker & Austin, is an
artist of talent ana a graduate of the highest
school of decorative art in the United States.

of his ability. Mr. Parker was married Aug-
ust 1, 1900, to Miss Elsie Clarke, of Laporte,
Indiana, and now resides at No. 115 South
William street.

230

SOUTH BEND.

MELBOURNE S. ROGERS.

Mr. Melbourne S. Rogers, superintendent of
the City Water Works of South Bend, is a
business man of long practical experience and
of the most progressive methods, as can be
seen from the efficiency of the department
which he directs. Mr. Rogers is a native of
the Buckeye State, and was born at East
Liverpool, Columbiana County, Ohio, May 22,
1855, and his father was Lawson C. Rogers,
a successful farmer in that section, and his
mother was Mary (Boody) Rogers. As a boy
Mr. Rogers was reared on the farm and re-
ceived his education in the district schools
in the vicinity of his home. He worked on
the farm and learned the trade of stair build-

pumping stations, Which have a capacity of
i2,u00,000 gallons daily; sixty-two artesian
wells flowing for uaily consumption over
a.000,000 gallons. The city his fifty miles
oi street mains, 531 tire hydrants, 4,725 service
connections, and during the last year pumped
over 2,000,000,000 gallons ot water. Mr.
Rogers devotes his whole time to the improve-
ment and care ot the City Water Works. He
is a public spirited citizen and popular in social
and fraternal circles. He is a member of the
Masons and the Oqu Fellows. Mr. Rogers
was married in 18S4 to Miss Cora Klingel,
the accomplished daughter o£ the late John
Klingel, and with his wite and son resides
at No. 406 North Main street.

MKLliUlllSE !■>. KOGEHS.

ing and engaged in contracting and the man-
agement of a planing mill. In 1878 he came
to South Bend and engaged in mercantile life,
and opened a crockery and glassware store
on North Main street, which he conducted
sixteen years, under the style of M. S. Rogers.
In 1895 he sold his business and retired for
two years, and in May, 1897, was appointed
superintendent of the Water Works, which
responsible position he has held with the
highest credit. He inauguiated economic
business methods that have resulted in a
great saving to the city, and has made the
Water Works Department one of the most effi-
cient in the country. The service under his
direction comprises two completely equipped

REV. HENRY WEBB JOHNSON, D. U.

For nearly twelve years the Rev. Henry
Webb Johnson, D. D., has been the able and
progressive pastor or the first Presbyterian
Church of this city, and has won the warm
regard of his large congregation, anil the es-
teem or the entire conimunuy. Dr. Johnson
is a native of New lork, and was born at
maples, Ontario county, for iour generations
ms family oil his latner s sme has resided in
this picturesque village, his great-grandfather,
colonel John Johnson, havng settled there in
june, 17 89. Colonel Johnson, with sixty oth-
trs, came from Bern, Berkshire County, Mas-
sachusetts, and purchased 23,000 acres of land
ironi the government in Naples Valley, which
the} divided among the members of the com-
pany, and until he cued colonel Johnson was
a leading lactor m the development of his
adopted home. i'ne mother of Dr. Johnson
was a direct descendant of Richard Webb,
one of the broad minded .Puritans of New
England. He came to tne new woild in 1626.
and in June, 1636, with Rev. Thomas Hooker,
Rev. Samuel Stone and uovernor Haines, he
settled Hartford, Connecticut, all the mem-
bers of the First Congregational Church of
Cambridge, Massachusetts, composing the
company. In 16a0 ne settled Norwalk, Con-
necticut, and accumulated great wealth. In
a recent history of Norwalk, by Rev. C. M.
Selleck, he writes of the antecedents and de-
scendants of Richard Webb, Dr. Johnson's
maternal ancestor: "Richaru Webb, Sr., who
came, with his fellow adventurers, to Nor-
walk, was. according to careful record in-
vestigation, of the fourth generation (Richard
of Norwalk IV., Alexander, Jr., III., Alexander,
Sr.. II., Henry I.) from Henry Webb, who was
usher to the Privy Council of Katharine

SOUTH BEND.

231

(Parr), Queen Regent of Britain in the six-
teenth century. This Henry married an Arden,
while his sister married one of the identical
tasuily, and had a daughter who married, May,
1562, John Shakespeare, lather of W.lliam
ShaKespeare, the great poet. There seems
to have been a double Webb-Arden connection,
which amounts, perhaps, to relationship. The
Webb coat of arms were granted June 15,
1577, with the motto 'Principia non Homines'
— principles, not men. The Norwalk Webb
father valued, it may well be supposed, this
ancestry and affinity, but he could not foresee
those of his name who were to succeed him,
among whom, to the credit of Norwalk father-
hood, were the honored Colonel Charles Webb,

ItEV. 11E.NHY WEBB .IOIIXSON, 1). II.

of the Revolution; General Samuel B. Webb,
Washington s private secretary; William
Henry Webb, the distinguished ship builder
of New York; Hon. James Watson Webb, the
notable New York editor; General Alexander
S. Webb, of Gettysburg tame Dr. w. Seward
Webb, presdent of the Wagner Palace Car
Company; Henry Walter Weob, vice president
of the New York Central Railroad; Lawyer
William B. Webb, of Washington, D. C; Dr.
George F. Webb, the Ohio inventor, and Rev.
Henry Webb Johnson, of the west. Both of
Dr. Johnson s great-grandfathers were in the
war of the Revolution. From Connecticut
alone twenty-seven memoers of his mother's
family were in that war, among whom were the

eminent Colonel Charles Webb and General
Samuel B. Webb, Washington's private secre-
tary, and who, as grand marshal, held the
Bibie when Washington took the oath of of-
fice. Dr. nenry Webb Johnson, the subject
of this sketch, enjoyed the best educational
advantages and prepared tor college largely
at Naples Academy and other preparatory
schools. He attended Hanover College, Han-
over, Indiana, from which he graduated, and
is also a graduate ot McCormick Theological
Seminary at Chicago. His first charge was
at Auburn, Indiana, where he was instrumen-
tal in building the tine brick church at that
city, and during his pastorate he gathered
around him a large number of young men.
After a successful pastorate of five years, he
was called to the First Presbyterian Church
at Grand Haven, Michigan, and from that
city he was called to the Westminster Presby-
terian Church at Big Rapids. Dr. Johnson
was ever an earnest worker in his congrega-
tion, and even in his earlier charges was a
speaker of rare lorce and power. In both
viiand Haven and Big Kapuis his work was
remarkably successiul, anu he made large
accessions to the church rneniDership at both
places. In issy he received a tan to the
i< irst Presbyterian Church of tins city, and
aiter mature reflection he accepteu and com-
menced his ministry here in June of that
j ear. Since that time Dr. Johnson has ren-
dered most valuable service to the church,
and has promoted its material and spiritual
welfare in a most successiul manner. Never
was a church more harmonious and progres-
sive than under his ministry, ana he holds
the affectionate regard o: h.s people to a
remarkable degree. He is a profound student
of the Bible, liberal in his views, and a most
eloquent expounder ot the truths of Christi-
anity. Imbued with a Droad charity for the
weaknesses of humanity, Dr. Johnson's ser-
mons appeal to the hearts and minds of all
who are privileged to attend his church and
listen to his forceful utterances. He is in-
defatigable and enthusiastic in all matters
that tend to advance the interests of his
church, his people and the community at large,
and his pastorate has been the most success-
iul which this church has known. During
his pastorate here Dr. Johnson has received
a number of calls to fill pulpits in leading
churches in the prominent cities of the west,
and with flattering financial offers, but his
warm regard for his people and his attach-
ment to South Bend has induced him to de-
cline all overtures looking to his removal
from the congregation he loves so well, and

232

SOUTH BEND.

to whom he is endeared by years of asso-
ciation. Dr. Johnson has received the de-
grees of B. A., A. M. and D. D. from Hanover
College, of which he is a graduate, and is
trustee of that institution. He is also a direc-
tor of the McCoimick Theological Seminary,
and was one of the organizers of the Winona
Assembly, of which he is a director and one
ot its most active members. Dr. Johnson was
married at Auburn, Indiana, to Miss Cidney
Hare, a daughter of the late C. S. Hare, a
prominent business man of that city, and an
ex-treasurer of DeKalb County. His children
are. Emily M. Johnson, who graduated at
Ferry Hall, of the Lake Forest University,
about two years ago; Edgar H. Johnson, who
is a Junior at Princeton university, and Sadie
Virginia Johnson, who is attending school in
this city. Webb Allen Johnson, a son, died
at tne age of three years at Grand Haven,
Michigan. Dr. Johnson's home is located at
No. 219 North Main street.

MAJOR O. S. WITHERILL.

Major Orlando S. Witherill. whose death
occurred in this city November 6, 1893, was
an honored and honorable citizen of this

wrnircnii.i,.

i (immunity, and one ot the most public
spirited of men. He nad been in ill health

for several years prior to his death, but during
his active me he had been most prominent
in business and public affairs. Mr. Witherill
was a native of New York State, and was
born in Livingston County, April 30, 1824.
In 1830 he removed with his parents to Au-
burn, New York, where he resided until he
was twenty years of age, except three years,
when he lived in Boston, Massachusetts. He
received an excellent education in the public
schools, and afterward learned the jeweler's
trade. He came to South Bend in 1855 and
engaged in the jewelry business with his
brother, Theodore 1. Witherill, but having
a decided inclination for the law, he studied
tor that profession while attending to his reg-
ular business, and soon after locating in this
city was admitted to the bar. In 1861, when
tne war of the rebellion occurred, he was ap-
lointed a paymaster in the Union Army, with
the rank of Major, and most atily served in
that position until ne was mustered out of
the service, in November, 1865. On his re-
turn to this city he resumed the practice of
the law, and was regarded as a most able,
thorough and conscientious attorney. He was
appointed Deputy Prosecuting Attorney, and
served in that office from 1868 to 1872, and
acteu as City Attorney from 1868 to 1870.
He was an earnest Republican in politics,
and was an active and influential member of
his party, and was a prominent member of
the First Presbyterian Church, serving as an
usher tor twenty consecutive years. He was
one of the most open hearted and generous of
men, ever reaay to respond to the appeals
of the needy and unfortunate, rie was pos-
sessed of a most genial nature, and always
entertained a great love tor children, with
whom he was a favorite. His domestic life
was a most happy one, and he was the most
tender of husbands. Mr. Witherill was mar-
ried October 30, 1847, to Miss Mary D. Green,
in New York, and this most estimable lady
survives her husband ami resides in the old
homestead. No. 227 North Lafayette street.
They had an only daughter, Mrs. G. F. Nevius,
who died in 1882, leaving a daughter, who is
now Mrs. Clinton Dodge, of California. Mr.
Witherill had won and retained the esteem
of the entire community, and his funeral was
attended by his many warm friends. He was
a member of Auten Post. No. 8, G. A. R„
and the members of that body also attended
his funeral. The pall bearers were James
Oliver, J. M. Studebaker, Major E. S. Reynolds.
James Miller, A. G. dishing and H. C. Craw-
ford.

SOUTH BEND

233

ADAM BAEK.

Among the oldest and most highly esteemed
pioneer residents of South Bend, and one who
for more than half a century was identified
with its materal growth and progress, is Mr.
Adam Baer, whose death occurred at his home
in this city on August 23. 1899. Almost up to
the time of his lamenteu death Mr. Baer had
been in the enjoyment of vigorous health
and of active intellectual power. He was
suddenly stricken with paralysis and the end
came to him peacefully and his spirit passed
into the great unknown. Mr. Baer was a na-
tive of Germany, and was born in 1823. When
he was eight years of age his parents decided
to come to America, and for a few years they

ADAM BAER.

resided in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Here
the young man received his early schooling,
and later his family came to Ohio. In 1S4U
they removed to St. Joseph County, Indiana,
and located on a farm of lbU acres, about one
mile from North liberty. Here Mr. Baer's
father and mother died, and the family, consist-
ing of nine children, was separated and scat-
tered. Mr. Baer, then quite a young man,
came to South Bend, where he worked at the
trade of a carpenter. In 1849, when the Cali-
fornia gold excitement was at its height, he
went with a number of young men to the
El Dorado, where he remaineu for three years,
engaged in mining the precious metal. He re-
turned to Indiana in 1852 and purchased an

excellent farm on Sumption Prairie, which
he managed with rare skill and success for
a number of years. Here he pursued the
thrifty and comfortable life of a farmer until
he had accumulated a competence, when he
gave up agricultural life and came to South
Bend to reside. Mr. Baer was an eminently
successful man in all his business undertak-
ings. He became an extensive holder of real
estate, and owned a number of buildings in
this city. He earned and ever retained the
warm regard and esteem of citizens of South
Bend, who recognized and admired his many
admirable qualities. In his business dealings
he was always conscientious and most thor-
oughly upright, and as a man he was sunny
and genial, and his chief desire was for the
happiness and welfare of those around him.
Mr. Baer was married to Miss Rebecca Hum-
mel, and tnis most estimable lady still sur-
vives him, and is highly esteemed by her large
circle of friends in this city. He had one
son, Frank Baer, by a former marriage, but
he died some years ago. Mr. Baer had many
friends among the leading and influential
business men of this city, and his funeral was
largely attended. The honorary pall bearers
were James Oliver, Hon. Clem Studebaker,
David Stover, Hon David R. Leeper, Hon.
William Miller and William Wheeler. The
active pall bearers were Myron Campbell.
John Dunn, William Ruple. Joseph Turnock,
John C. Knoblock and C. B. Vanpelt. After
a life of usefulness and honor he has found
eternal rest.

LUCIUS G. TONG.

Mr. Lucius G. Tong, the able and well known
cashier of the St. Joseph County Savings
Bank, and who has occupied that responsible
position since 1882, is a native of Ohio. He
was born In Carroll, Fairfield County, August
1. 1842, and was the eldest of a family o^
five children. In his early years he acquired
an excellent education, attending college and
winning honors as a student. He assisted his
father in his business later, and in 1863 he
was engaged as a teacher at the University of
Notre Dame, and for years was a professor
in that institution. He studied law, was ad-
mitted to the bar, and for years practiced his
piofession in this city, and was regarded as
one of the leading members of the local bar.
In 1878 Mr. Tong was elected Mayor of South
Bend by the Republican party, and his con-
scientious and able conduct of that office en-
deared him to the community, and so popular

234

SOUTH BEND.

was he that the local Demociatic paper warm-
i.v indorsed his renomination to that office.
During that same year Mr. Tong was selected
as the cashier of the St. Joseph County Savings
Bank, to succeed T. J. Seixas, who was the
originator of the institution, and he has proven
a most valuable official. Mr. Tong is also
an officer of the St. Joseph Loan and Trust
company, an important adjunct ot the present
bank. Mr. Tong is probably one of the best
known men in South Bend. Quiet and modest,
but of forceful character, and with a capacity
ror delicate and responsible laoor almost mar-
velous, he is one of the most active and in-

LUCIUS G. TONG.

defatigable workers in the business community
to-day. In addition to his banking duties Mr.
Tong also represents a number of prominent
and responsible fiie insurance companies, and
transacts a large business in fire underwriting.
Courteous and able, thorough and conscien-
tious, Mr. Tong is a progressive business man
in the highest sense. He is a graceful and
forceful writer on many subjects, and his
knowledge of men and events is geneial and
far-reaching. He married in 1873 a Miss Ball,
of Lafayette, Indiana, and his family consists
of four sons and two daughters. His residence
is located at No. 207 South Scott street.

HON. WILLIAM MILLER.
During the eany yea:s of the history of this
city no man was more prominent in every
substantial effort to advance its material
growth and progress than the late Hon. Wil-
liam Miller, whose deeply lamented death oc-
curred on May 2, 1879, at his home on La-
layette street. He was a native of Virginia,
and was born in Franklin County, in that state,
April 1, 18u9. He was the sixth son of a
tamily of tnirteen, and his pai enft were Tobias
and fearah Miller, both of whom were well
Known. When he was but little more than a
year old his parents lemoved to Union County,
Indiana, and here he grew to manhood, enjoy-
ing such educational advantages as were af-
lorded in those early days, and in assisting
ms father. At the age of twenty-four he was
married to iviiss Mary Miller, a daughter of
Co.onei John Milier, of Virginia, and who had
ueen an officer in the war of 1812. In May,
±833, with his young wife, he came to St.
uoseph county and located on a farm on Por-
tage Prairie. Mr. Miller was a practical and
enthusiastic agriculturalist of the progressive
type, and did more to advance the agricultural
interests of ot. Joseph County tnan any other
n.an. His beautiful and well cultivated farm
was known throughout the country as the best
luanaged and most productive in this section
ot the state, and his broad acres were rich
in lruits and trees and beautifully embellished
with carefully trimmed hedges. He was a
stiong advocate ot the higher education of the
youth ot the country, and ail of his children
weie sent to the best institutions of learning.
Mr. Milier was locatea here but a short time
when he was elected Justice of the Peace,
which office he held for several years, and in
which he was distinguished tor the able and
impartial manner in which he discharged its
exacting and responsible duties. In 1844 he
was eiected to repiesent the distiict in the
State legislature, and proved so valuable and
conscientious a law maker that he was re-
elected for the second and third terms. During
his legislative career he was largeiy instru-
mental in secuiing well built and well managed
institutions for the care ot the deaf and dumb,
the blind and the insane, whose welfare here-
tofore had been sadly neglected. He was an
earnest advocate in the legislation which re-
sulted in the establishment of the State Bank
of Indiana, and was a prominent and influ-
ential factor in the passage of the law which
gave birth to that great financial institution.
In 1858 he letired from active agricultural life
and removed to this city, where he resided

SOUTH BEND

235

until his death. He occupied the handsome
brick residence on Lafayette street, which is
now the official residence of the sheriff of the
county, and in which he died. Mr. Miler al-
ways took an active interest in city affairs,
and for several teims was a member of the
City Council, where he rendered yeoman serv-
ice in advancing the interests of the munici-
pality. He was an energetic and enthusiastic
advocate of every movement tending to secure
the location of manufactuiing interests in
South Bend, which has had such a marked in-
fluence in advancing the progress and insur-
ing the permanent prosperity of our city. In
1868 he was a prime mover in the movement
to secure the location of the cabinet making
plant of the Singer Sewing Machine Com-
pany in this city. Through his efforts the

HON. WILLIAM MILLER.

citizens of South Bend weie induced to proffer
the site for the factory buildings, the use of
the water power of the race, and other ad-
vantages, which successfully overcame the spe-
cial inducements offered by Mishawaka, and
led to the establishment of these gigantic
works in this city. In politics he was originally
a staunch Whig, but afterward was one of
the organizers of the Republican party, and
was a steadfast and .oyal supporter of its
principles. Mr. Miller was a man of striking
personality. Over six ieet in height, of large
and powerful bui.d, and with an impressive
face, he was a prominent figure in social and

political life and was endeared to all who
knew him and esteemed by the entire com-
munity. His wife departed tnis life Septem-
ber 29, 1885, and left six children to survive
him and bear his honored name. His oldesi
son, General Jonn F. MUler, also now de-
ceased, was a most gallant orhcer in the civil
war. He was Colonel of the Twenty-ninth
Indiana Volunteers. He was conspicuous for
his bravery, and was wounded several times
and suffered the loss of an eye. He was pro-
moted a Major General, and at the close of the
war was made Collector of the Port of San
Francisco, and afterward elected United
States Senator irom California, and died whi.e
holding that office. Another son, Henry Clay
Miller, also went to California, and at his
death, in 1892, was Auditor in the Custom
House at San Francisco. William H. Miller
is a prominent manufacturer in this city, and
Horace G. Mii.er is the present able Postmaster
of South Bend, and is also engaged in seve.al
manufacturing enterprises. Isaac Newton
Miller, another son, is an agriculturist, lesid-
ing in Olive Township, and iast fall was elected
to the office of County Cimmissioner. His
daughter, Martha, was married to Moses But-
terworth, of Laporte, and now lives in Chicago.
Mr. Miller lived to the honorable age of three
score years and ten, and his death was deeply
mourned by all. He was a member of the
iOtal lodge and encampment of Odd Fellows,
and the Hon. Schuyler Colfax performed the
.ast fraternal rites at his funeral.

ISAAC FRY.

Among the many men, now passed away,
who have held an honored place in the busi-
ness life of South Bend, and been prominent
in its best citizenship, must be mentioned Mr.
Isaac Fry, who for forty years was a resident
here. Mr. Fry was boin in Berks County,
Pennsylvania, near the City of Reading, No-
vember 16, 1835, and was the youngest of a
family of eight children. His father, Jacob
Fry, was engaged in the profession of school
teaching, and his mother, Elizabeth (Ludwig)
Fry, was a refined lady. When but a boy his
parents removed to Schuylkill County, wheie
he lived until 1860. He received his early
education in the public schools, and through
home study under the tutelage of his father.
When a young man he learned the trade of
shoe making, and came to South Bend in
1860, and for a time followed his trade. He
then accepted employment with the Stude-
bakers, and for fourteen yea: s was connected

236

SOUTH BEND.

with that establishment. For a short time
he was engaged in the butcher business, and
in 1884 began in the business of cement con-
tracting. .In this line he met with success.

and evincing but little promise of the pro-
gressive and important city it has since be-
come. Here the young man was reared amid
the primitive conditions of pioneer life, ex-
panding with the giowth of the city and par-
taking of its ambitions and progressive spirit.
His father established and conducted the first
public tavern known in this locality, and many
of the substantial early institutions of this
city are due to the energy, the generosity
and the public spirit of the Coquillard family.
Mr. Benjamin Coquillard was a resident of
South Bend almost from his birth to his death,
a period of over seventy years, with the ex-
ception of the interval from 1S50 to 1859,
when ne went to California to better his for-
tunes. In 1847, wnen a boy eighteen years of
age, he accompanied his uncle, Alexis Coquil-
iaid, when he was engaged to safely conduct
a band of about 800 Miami Indians and Potta-
watomie Indians from Indiana to the then
new western reservation in Kansas. The jour-
ney was fraught with many dangers, and was
marked by numerous adventures of a stirring
nature. For over a quarter of a century Mr.
Coquillard was engaged in the livery business
in this city, and was one of the best known

ISAAC FRY.

and followed it until his death, which occurred
March 2, 1900. Mr. Fry completed many of
the largest public and private contiacts here.
He was a careful and honored business man,
and his word was considered equal to his
bond. He was married in lSb7 to Miss Anna
Kiefer, of Pine Grove, Pennsylvania, and be-
sidts his estimable wife, left one daughter,
Mrs. Vitalis D. Stanley, wife of Mr. Frank G.
Stanley.

BENJAMIN COQUILLARD.
On the eighth day of November, 1899, Mr.
Benjamin Coquillard, the oldest inhabitant of
St. Joseph County, in point of continuous
residence, departed this life at his residence,
No. 130 South Chapin street, in this city. Mr.
Coquillard was a native of Detroit, Michigan,
and was born August 2, 1829. He was the son
of Benjamin Coquillard, and a nephew of
Alexis Coquillard, who was the first white
man to settle in South Bend, and who attained
prominence as an Indian trader in this vicinity.
Mr. Coquillard's father lemoved with his fam-
ily lo South Bend in 1829, when it was but a
straggling village, with but few inhabitants,

BENJAMIN COIJUILLAUD.

citizens and business men of South Bend. In
1893 he retired from active business, and en-
joyed the esteem of his friends and the com-
munity until his death. Mr. Coquillard was
married at Notre Dame, October 1, 1803, to

SOUTH BEND.

237

Miss Josephine M. Saile, of near South Bend,
and his estimable widow and two daughters,
Pranie H. and M. Elsie Coquillard, survive
him. In his death there passed away a sturdy
pioneer, a public spirited citizen and the old-
est settler in the city.

BENJAMIN P. DUNN.

Mr. Benjamin F. Dunn, who has been ac-
tively engaged in the real estate and loan
business in this city for a number of years,
is well and prominently known in the com-
munity. He is a native of St. Joseph County,
and was born June 14, 1833. He is tne son
oi Reynolds Dunn, who was a native of New
Jersey, and who came to Ohio at an early

Peak. Colorado, where, meeting with but in-
different success, he returned home the fol-
lowing season. In 1863 he engaged in the dry
goods b\isiness under the firm name of Dunn
& Zimmerman, and later with his brother,
John H. Dunn, as Dunn Bros., in the same
establishment. Later he engaged in the fur-
niture manufacturing business with his
brother-in-law. Robert Myler, on the East
Race, until 1873, when he closed out the busi-
ness. Since that time Mr. Dunn has been
engaged in the real estate and loan business,
in which he has continued to the present
time, and in which he has been quite success-
ful. Mr. Dunn and Mr. A. J. Home platted the
town and are the owners of River Park, a
beautiful subdivision on the North Side. He
has been connected with the St. Joseph Coun-
ty Savings Bank for a number of years, and
is one of the trustees of that institution.
He is a member of the Commercial-Athletic
Club, and has been connected with the First
M. E. Church of this city since he was quite
a young man. Mr. Dunn is a practical and
ccnscientious business man of high standing,
and enjoys the esteem of the community.
His excellent judgment of real estate values
has been gained by long experience, and he
is an adviser of the bank in matters of real
estate loans. Mr. Dunn was a member of the
Board of Education from 1S83 to 1894, and was
an important factor in the preliminary labors
of establishing the Public Library in this
city. He was married in 1864 to Miss Mary
V. Hamilton, a native of Ohio, and his family
consists of three daughters, Mrs. J. G. Schurtz,
of Whue Pigeon, Michigan; Mrs. Fred A. Mil-
ler, of this city, and Miss Blanche Dunn, who
resides at home with her parents at No. 203
South Lafayette street. Mr. Dunn's business
office is located at No. 117 North Main street.

BENJAMIN F. DUNN.

day, and afterward removed to St. Joseph
County. His mother was Phoebe (Tatman)
Dunn, and his parents were married in Ohio.
Mr. Dunn, as a boy, attended the country
schools in the vicinity oi his home, and after-
ward the public schools in South Bend. His
first essay in business life was as a clerk in
the store of John Brownheld, who was then
the leading merchant in this city, where he
remained several years. In 1860 Mr. Dunn
was, with a number of young men of this city,
seized with the gold fever, and went to Pike's

ALEXANDER STAPLES.

For over sixty years Mr. Alexander Staples
has been a citizen of the City of South Bend,
and for almost half a century he has been
identified with its material growth and
progress. Mr. Staples was born in South
Bend, in a house which stood at the corner
of Michigan and Jefferson streets, June 10,
1840. His father, Mr. Ralph Staples, whose
death occurred by accident in 1864, was a
pioneer resident of South Bend, its second
Postmaster and at one time Sheriff of St.
Joseph County. He was a native of Maine, and
with his mother, Hannah (Cromwell) Staples,

238

SOUTH BEND.

a descendent of Oliver Cromwell, now living
in Minneapolis at the honored age of eighty-
six years, traveled by ox team from Me..ne
to Ohio in 1833, and in 1S36 came to South
Jend. Alexander Stapes was one of a family
of eleven children, and received his early edu-
cation in the old district school at St. Joseph
and Wayne streets, the building of which was
removed, and now stands on the north side
of Colfax avenue, the first house east of Elm
street When but a boy Mr. Staples learned
the carpenter's trade, and in 1861 wo:ked on
the old jail. in 1863. with Mr. Benjamin
White, he established the firm of White &
Staples in the business of moving buildings.

ALEXANDER STAPLES.

in which line he has since and is now engaged.
In the fall of 1863 he en.'isted in the Twenty-
first Indiana Battery and went to the front.
He saw service at Columbia Tennessee, and
participated in tne battle of Nashville. He
was mustered out of service June 26, 1865,
and leturned to South Bend and engaged in
the moving business. The following yea:- he
purchased the interest of Mr. White and con-
ducted the business alone until 1895, when
he admitted his son, Crawford Staples, f
partnership, under the style of Alex. Staples
& Son. During his long years of active life
Mr. Staples has shown engineering skill of
the highest merit, and has moved large build-
ings and plants in various parts of the coun-

try. One of his greatest efforts, and one that
gave him fame as a moving engineer, was the
placing in position of the standpipe for the
waterworks here. The pipe, five feet in di-
ameter, two hundred feet high and weighing
43.382 pounds, was raised by Mr. Staples, with
tackle of his own make, and placed in position.
Engineers from all paits ot the country said it
was an impossible task. Mr. Staples also
moved the great iron ore carriers for loading
vessels at Duluth for the Pioneer Fuel Com-
pany of Minneapolis. He has moved build-
ings in Chicago, Cleveland and other cities,
and his work has always been successfully
accomplished. Mr. Staples has been a most
active business man of the progressive type,
and has achieved a well deserved success.
He has been twice married, his first wife be-
ing Celeste Alexander, wnom he married in
1866, and who died in 1883. He was married
the second time to Miss A'mira Lytle, on
June 29, 1886. Mrs. Staples is a native of
Pennsylvania, and was born at Saltsburg, of
Scotch-Irish parentage. Mrs. Staples was
educated at Saltsburg Academy, and at the
Parkwood Academy, at Parkwood, Pennsyl-
vania. She has always been united with the
United Presbyterian Church, and an earnest
worker in the cause of temperance. She is
State Superintendent of Christian Citizenship,
an organization that is doing excellent work
in the religious and temperance field.

WILLIAM L. BARRETT.

One of the oldest and most highly honored
of the pioneer residents of South Bend was Mr.
William L. Barrett, whose lamented death oc-
curred in this city March 22, 1899, at the vener-
abel age of eighty-nine years. Mr. Barrett was
a native of "Vermont, and was born in Water-
ford, Ca'edonia County, March 10, 1810. He
was the son of John and Susanna Barrett, who
were early settlers in the state. His ancestors
were of the famous Bosworth family, which
came to America in the Mav Flower, and first
landed on Plymouth Rock. They came of that
sturdy race which has made this great re-
public possible. His parents had thirteen
children and all were reared in the true Chris-
tian spirit. During the war with Eng'and in
1812, and soon after the battle of Lake Cham-
p'ain they removed from Vermont, and located
in Whitehall. N. Y. They remained there hut
a short time, and after a temporary residence
in the towns of Barton and Groveland. th°v
settled in Ossean, Allegheny County, N. Y.. in

SOUTH BEND.

239

1818. Here Mr. Barrett was reared and re-
ceived his early education, and here also he
learned the trade of a jeweler, with which voca-
tion he was identified during nearly all of his
after life. In 1832 he established himself in
business on his own account in Franklinville,
Catteraugus County, N. Y., and was quite suc-
cessful. In 1834 he was married to Miss Har-
riet Newton, at Sweden, Monroe County, N. Y.,
and in 1835 he decided to come west. His first
point of destination was Milwaukee, Wisconsin,
where he had intended to locate, and he com-
menced the wearisome journey from his home,
amid a storm of sleet and rain which would
have deterred a less resolute man. After a
journey of twenty days, which was made partly
by stage, by steamboat, by private conveyance

WILLIAM L. BARRETT.

and on foot, he arrived in South Bend on Sat-
urday October 18. Here he visited an old ac-
quaintance in the jewelry business in the East,
Mr. A. P. Willard, who was located here, and
who induced him to work for him at the watch
business, which at that time was sadly in need
of the services of an expert in that line. Mr.
Barrett readily made numerous acquaintances,
and was soon made to realize the superior ad-
vantages of South Bend, even over the more
pretentious claims of Milwaukee and Chicago.
Consequently he decided to remain here, make
his home, and establish himself in business,
which he followed continuously and successful-
ly until but a few years prior to his death.

when his failing powers compelled him to re-
linquish active business. Mr. Barrett acquired
considerable real estate in Chicago, and was
at one time, the owner of the property where
the post-office now stands. Mr. Barrett for
nine years during his life resided in Chicago,
and made the journey to and from that city by
the slow and lumbering methods of the old
stage coach. He was an energetic business
man and always advocated every measure that
would promote the substantial welfare of
South Bend, and its commercial progress. He
was an earnest and prominent member of the
Masonic fraternity for many years. He was
made a member of St. Joseph Lodge, No. 45, in
1842, and was the first candidate initiated into
the lodge after its instituton. He was an act-
ive member of this lodge until 1863, when with
a number of the older members of the order,
he withdrew and founded South Bend Lodge
No. 294. F. & A. M. Mr. Barrett was selected
as the first Master of the lodge, and served con-
tinuously a number of terms. He was one of
the best posted Masons in this section of the
country, and was a recognized authority on all
important questions connected with that fra-
ternity. In 1847 he became a member of the
Royal Arch Chapter, and was a regu'ar atten-
dant at all the meetings of both lodge and
chapter until unable to attend by reason of the
infirmities of age. For several years prior to
his death he was always an honored guest at
all masonic gatherings and functions, which
were regarded as incomplete without his pres-
ence. Mr. Barrett's first wife died in this city
May 28, 1841, leaving him with three children,
only one of whom is now living, Mrs. Emma
Malloy, now of Port Townsend, Washington.
On September 12, 1851, he was married to Miss
Harriet Eaker, in this city, and this most esti-
mable lady departed this life April 11, 1898. By
his second marriage Mr. Barrett had five chil-
dren, Mrs. D. C. Hogue, who died June 14, 1891,
Edward Barrett, who died in 1887, William E.
Barrett, now of Grand Rapids, Michigan, John
C. Barrett, of this city and Miss Mary Barrett.
Mr. Barrett was a life long and earnest member
of the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which
his honored mother was a member for over
fifty years. He was one of the most genial and
courteous of men, and was warmly regarded by
all who knew him. His friends were legion,
and in Masonic circles no man stood higher or
was more universally beloved than Past Master
William L. Barrett. His funeral was conducted
with Masonic honors, and was attended by a
large concourse of sorrowing friends, brothers
and acquaintances. The pall bearers were
John Gallagher, L. H. Johnson, John Hartman,

2-40

SOUTH BEND.

George Ford, A. Defreese and Samuel T. Apple-
gate. In his death the Masonic fraternity lost
one of its most vamed members, and the com-
munity a citizen of honor, who had won and re-
tained the esteem of all.

GEORGE E. WOLF.

Mr. George E. Wolf, manager of the magnifi-
cent Oliver Hotel of South Bend, is a hotel man
of long experience and ability. He is a native
of Terre Haute, Ind.. having been born in that
city September 9. 1865. His father, George H.
Wolf was a successtul business man theie, and

GEORGE E. WOLF.

his mother was Mena (Gravemaier) Wolf), botn
parents being natives ot Germany. As a boy
young Wolf attended the Greenwood school,
and later the Terre Haute High School, and at
the age of thirteen began actual business life in
a grocery store. In 1S79 he took charge of the
cigar stand in the Terie Haute House, and from
that date began his hotel experience. After a
year he became night cleik of the hotel, then
day clerk, and in 1S!?S was made cashier and
bookkeeper. When Mr. Charles Baur became
the proprietor of the Terie Haute House, April
1, 1890, Mr. Wolf was made manager, and con-
tinued in that position until November 1899
when he came to South Bend to assume the
management of the New Oliver, which was
opened the following month. The opening of

the splendid New Oliver Hotel on December 20,
L899, was an important event in the history of
South Bend, and one that will long be remem-
bered. This magnificent structuie is one of
the best built and most handsomely equipped
and furnished hotels in the United States, and
its fame has extended to all parts of the coun-
try and Europe. The Oliver was opened with
a grand reception given by Mr. James Oliver
and family, the owners of the building, to
which over three thousand of their friends re-
sponded, and were liberally and successfully
entertained, and was regularily opened for
business the following day, since which time it
has enjoyed a liberal and well deserved patron-
age. Mr. Wolf is an able and experienced
manager and understands every detail of pro-
gressive hotel management, and his ability at
handling and serving large assembles is well
known. He is prompt, active, unremitting
and progressive in every department of this
magnificent fire proof hostelry, and his thor-
ough manner and genial ways have made him
popular with all. Mr. Wolf was married May
14. 1890, to Miss Elinor H. Finkbiner, a most
estimable lady of Terre Haute, Indiana. Mr.
Wolf is a member of the Indiana Hotel Keepers
Association. He is widely known and popular
and a public spirited citizen of South Bend.

WILBER E. GORSUCH.

Mr. Wilber E. Gorsuch, one of South Bend's
widely known men, and chief of the Police
Depaitment, was born at Piqua. Ohio. May 21.
1843. His father, Isaac Gorsuch, now living
in this city at an honored age, is a native of
Baltimore. Md., and his mother was Mary
(Gass) Gorsuch. When a child his parents
removed to Fletcher, Ohio, and when he was
but four years of age they came to South Bend.
.Mr. Gorsuch received his education in the pub-
lic schools in this city, and then engaged in
farming, which he continued until the breaking
out of the civil war. In August, 1862, he en-
listed as a member of Co. C, 73d. Indiana Volun-
teer Infantry, and served with the regiment
except for a few months in 1863 when doing
detached duty. The regiment saw active
service under Buell and Rosecans in Ken-
tucky and Tennessee, and during April, 1863, it
became a part of Streight's Provisional Brigade
and took part in that famous laid, which re-
sulted in capture to the entire command near
Rome, Georgia. The officers were retained as
prisoneis of war, the men were paroled and
later exchanged and sent to the front, and being
without officers did ganison duty until expira-

SOUTH BEND

241

tion of their term of service July 1, 1865. Mr.
Gorsuch returned at once to South Bend and
took up the occupation of farming for a time
and was then in the employ of the Eagle Manu-
facturing Company, for several years, and then
entered the employ of the Tribune P;inting

WILBER B. GORSUCH.

Company remaining with them until April, 1S95.
at which time he again took up farming and
went to live in German Township. Mr. Gor-
such is one of the best known men in St.
Joseph County and a genial and courteous
gentleman. He has served as township trus-
tee of Portage Township. He has been a
member of the Grand Army of the .Republic
since 1866, and is a member of Norman Eddy
Post, No. 579. He has been a member of
Crusade Lodge, No. 14, Knights of Pythias
since its organization. Mr. Gorsuch is now
secretary of the St. Joseph County Soldiers'
Monument Association, and is a member of
the Commercial Athletic Club. Mr. Gorsuch
was married in November, 1866, to Miss Loretta
J. Morgan, a daughter of Mr. Charles Morgan,
a pioneer resident of St. Joseph County.

HENRY STUDEBAKER.

Mr. Henry Studebaker, whose death occurred
on March 2 1895, was one of the founders of
the great industrial enterprise known to the
world as the Studebaker Bros. Manufacturing
Company, and was well and prominently known

in the community during his useful and noble
life. He was a native of Pennsylvania, and
was born near Gettysburg, Adams County, Oct.
5, 1826. He was the sixth of a family of thir-
teen children born to John and Rebecca Stude-
baker, and his brothers Clem, John M., Peter
E.. and Jacob P. Studebaker were all promi-
nently identified with the mammoth wagon
woiks which bears their name. When Henry
was nine years of age the family emigrated to
Ashland, Ohio, traveling in a wagon built by
his father, who had suffered reverses in Penn-
sylvania. He was apprenticed to a country
blacksmith, and worked at the forge in sum-
mer and attended school in winter, and later
came home and finished his trade with his
father who was an expert blacksmith. In 1847
having saved enough money to purchase a
horse, the young man staited out to seek his
fortune in the West and came to Goshen, Ind.,
where he worked at his trade for several
months for his board. Tiring of this, and
being without money, he walked the entire
distance back to his home in Ohio. In 1850

HENRY STUDEBAKER.

his brother Clem, made a trip to South Bend
and located here, and the following year the
family followed him traveling in two wagons
over the new and promising country. In 1852
Henry and Clem, with their joint funds amount-
ing to sixty-eight dollars opened a blacksmith
shop for horseshoeing and wagon making at
Michigan and Jefferson streets, under the firm
name of H. & C. Studebaker. Both young men

242

SOUTH BEND

were energetic and ambitious to succeed — they
worked early and late — and though their pro-
gress was slow at first, they added to their
savings and their business year by year, and in
1858 the business had mateiially enlarged. The
hard work at the forge and bench, however,
affected his health and strength, and in that
year Henry disposed of his interests in the
business to his brother John M. and turned his
attention to agricultural pursuits. He pur-
chased a large tiact of land adjoining the city
on the South East, and made his home there
until his death. He was an industrious, far
seeing, and economical man and year by year
his farm improved and his financial prosperity
increased. His habits and inclinations never
permitted him to indulge in tobacco or alcohol
and he reared his children to the same lofty
standards of morality. He was married in
May 1852 to Miss Susan Studybaker. a daughter
of Samuel Studybaker. and six children were
boi-n to them, Mrs. A. W. Bowman, Samuel W.,
Edith, Clem W. and Mrs J, M. Chillas are now
living, and Laura who died in 1876. The mother
died June 8. 1871, and in 1873 Mr. Stude-
baker was married to Miss Priscilla Kriegh-
baum. a daughter of William Krieghbaum, and
a sister of Elder Hiram W. Krieghbaum, and
this most estimable lady is still living, and en-
joys the friendship and esteem of a large circle
of friends. She is the mother of four children,
D. Adele, William, Peter C, and Arthur. She
is a most devoted mother to ail of the children,
and in return is loved and honored by them all.
Mr. Studebaker was a member of the Society
of Dunkards. and always delighted in enter-
taining the brothel s and elders of the society
at his home. He always maintained a deep
interest in the success of his brothers, and was
one of the most genial, affectionate and out-
spoken of men. His sympathies were always
with the unfortunate and his charity was great.
His funeral was largely attended and all who
knew him were saddened at his death.

ELMER CROCKETT.

Mr. Elmer Crockett, the president and
business manager of the Tribune Printing
Company, has since his early boyhood been
identified with the progress and development
of South Bend and of its neighboring city of
Mishawaka. Mr. Crockett is a native of St.
Joseph County, and was born September 1,
1844. He is the son of Shellim Crockett and
Louise (Ireland) Crockett, and is a descen-
dant of the famous Kentucky pioneer Davy
Crockett. His mother died in 1S4S, and the
family afterward removed to South Bend.

Mr. Crockett however lived with his uncle
S. I. H. Ireland at Mishawaka for a number
of years. He received his education in the
public schools of Mishawaka, and attended
the Seminary and Nortnern Indiana College
at South Bend. During the civil war he en-
listed in the 138th Indiana Volunteers, and
when mustered out of the service, he went to
Mishawaka where he finished learning the
printer's art, in the office of the Mishawaka
Enterprise. In 1867 he returned to South
Bend which he has since made his home. For
years he was engaged as foreman in the office
ol the St. Joseph County Register, founded
by the late vice-president Schuyler Colfax, and

ELMER CKOC'KETT.

afterwaiu in connection with Mr. A. Beal, and
his brother-in-law, the late Alfred B. Miller, he
purchased the office and paper and the firm
became Beal, Miller & Co. In 1872 Messrs.
Miller and Crockett founded The South Bend
Tribune which is now one of the leading jour-
nals in the state, and an important factor In
the Republican party. Later the Tribune
Pi inting Company was incorporated. Mr. Miller
acting as president, and Mr. Crockett vice-
president and superintendent. Mr. Miller died
in 1892 and Mr. Crockett became president and
business manager of the company, which posi-
tions he now holds. In 1S88 M;. Crockett was
appointed post master of South Bend, by Presi-
dent Harrison, and proved a most valuable and
popular official and instituted many important

SOUTH BEND.

243

reforms in that office. Mr. Crockett is prom-
inent in Masonic circles and was Grand High
Priest of the Grand Chapter of Intuana during
1889-90. In the campaigns of 1898 and 1900 he
served as a member of the State Republican
Campaign Committee, and was chairman of the
State Newspaper Bureau performing yeoman
service in that capacity. He has always taken
an active part in political affairs, is a con-
sistent and unswerving Republican, and is a
leader of acknowledged ability in the state. He
is an active member of the Grand Army of the
Republic and is a past commander of Auten
Post No. 8, of this city. During 1896 he was
Senior vice Department Commander of Indiana.
Mr. Crockett is a member of the First Presby-
terian church, is an elder of the church and is
the Superintendent of the Sabbath school. He
has also been president of the Young Men's
Christian Association, and has always been an
ardent promoter of its interests. He is a pro-
gressive citizen, straightforward and energetic
in his business methods and genial and court-
eous in his manner. He is thoroughly alive to
the best interests of the city, and has been
connected with every public movement tend-
ing to advance the growth and welfare of
the city, and has ever been regarded as a
wise and able counsellor in all matters ot pub-
lic importance. He was selected as a mem-
ber of the Citizens' Advisory Committee during
the building of the new Court House and his
services in connection with this committee were
invaluable. Mr. Crockett was married in
1868 to Miss Anna Miller, daughter of Ex-Sheriff
B. F. Miller, now deceased, who was one of
the pioneers of this city and his family con-
sists of a son and daughter Charles E. Crockett
and Miss Ethel Crockett.

CAPT. DAVID B. CREVISTON.

For a number of years Capt. David B. Crev-
iston was prominent in commercial circles
and was a successful merchant in this city. He
had a large circle of friends and was highly
esteemed in the community, and his death
which occurred on November 23, 1893, was
mourned by all. He had been in ill health
for a long time but his death came suddenly
and peacefully at the last and he passed
serenely into eternal rest. Nearly his entire
life was spent in this city except for the years
in which he was engaged in gallant and heroic
service for his country during the late civil
war. He was born near Rum Village, in this
county. January 18, 1837, and was the eldest of
thiiteen children born to William and Jane
Creviston, who came here from Pennsylvania in

1833. His early education was acquired at
Crown Point, Lake County, Indiana, and he
commenced the active battle of life at the
age of sixteen years. When the war of the
rebellion occurred Mr. Creviston was one ot
the first to offer his services to his country,
and enlisted for three months service. On
returning home his patriotism was more thor-
oughly aroused, and he organized Company D,
of the Ninth Indiana Volunteers, which was
mustered at Laporte. He was commissioned

CAPT. DAVID B. CKKVISTON.

as Captain of the Company and valiantly
served in that position until the battle of
Chickamauga. in whicn he was seriously
wounded. He was sent home and by careful
nursing and loving care was restored to health.
He at once reported again for duty, but being
unfitted for active service, by reason of his
wounds, he was made the quartermaster of his
regiment, and ably served in that capacity until
the end of the war. He then returned home
and for several years was engaged in farming
on the old Haight farm just south of the city.
In 1872 he was elected Treasuier of St. Joseph
County, and fulfilled the duties of that responsi-
ble position so well that he was chosen for a
second term. He was a most popular and
efficient public officer, and later was selected
by County Treasurer Lang as his deputy. He
was then engaged by a prominent local manu-
facturing company as a traveling salesman
throughout the west for several years. A few
yeais previous to his death he formed a part-

244

SOUTH BEND.

nership with John Singler, and engaged in
the hardware business under the firm name
of Singler & Creviston. This business was a
successful one from the outset and the firm
soon became the leading merchants, in its line,
in the county. Mr. Creviston was always an
active and energetic business man, popular
with his customers and highly esteemed in the
community, and he attended to his business up
to the day of his death. On February 7, 1871,
he was married to Miss Alwilda E. Boone, a
daughter of Mr. Philip B. Boone of this city,
and this most estimable lady still survives
him, soothed and comforted by the affection
of her children and enjoys the warm regard
of a large circle of friends. With her two sons.
Arthur E., and Charles P. Creviston, and her
two daughters. Clai a L., and Bessie, she resides
in the old homestead at No. 708 West Colfax
Avenue. Mr. Creviston's life was one of use-
fulness and honor and its ending was noble
and sublime. His funeral was largely at-
tended, his comrades of Auten Post No. 8, G.
A. R., and his loving brothers of South Bend
Lodge No. 29, I. O. O. F., following him to his
last resting place with imposing ceremonial.

HON. GEORGE H. ALWARD.

The Hon. George Henry Alward, whose death
occurred in this city on November 11, 1SS5.
was a prominent and highly esteemed citizen
of South Bend, who filled a number oi import-
ant public positions in St. Joseph county. Judge
Alward, as he was called, was born in Scipio,
Cayuga County, New York, February 24, 1834.
He was a son of 'Squire Abigail Alward,
who were quite prominent in that section of
New York state. His father was a native of
Somerset County, New Jersey, but removed to
New York, when he was a young man, and
there married Miss Abigail Boughton, a daugh-
ter of John Boughton, an influential citizen of
the county. In 1855 Judge Alward came to
South Bend which he made his home until his
death. He was essentially a self-made man.
As a youth he was a close student, and ac-
quired an excellent education, pursuing a wide
range of study, and was selected as a school
teacher when a mere youth. He taught several
terms in Allegheny county. New York, and
was regarded as a most excellent instructor.
When he came to this city he was engaged for
several years as a clerk in the store of A. G.
Cushing, and during that time he diligently
pursued the study of the law, fitting himself
for the bar, and began to practice that profes-
sion in 1867. He associated himself with Alvln

S. Dunbar, and the firm of Dunbar & Alward
was one of the best known law firms in North-
ern Indiana, and was only dissolved when Judge
Alward re.inquished his practice to enter upon
the duties of clerk of the Circuit Court He
was first appointed Deputy County Auditor
under the late W. J. Holloway, and also held
the offices of City Clerk and judge of the
Municipal Court. In 1883 he was elected clerk
of the Circuit Court, which office he held at the
time of his death. He was a staunch and
earnest member of the Republican party ana
no man stood higher in his party or in the
community than did Judge A ward. He was
a genial gentleman, cultured and refined, ana

HON. GEO. H. ALWARD.

was an ideal citizen in every sense of the
term. He was an active supporter of the
church, and a prominent member of the Masonic
fraternity. He was a thirty-two degree mason
of the Scottish Rite, a Master of St. Joseph
Lodge No. 45, F. & A. M.; High Priest of South
Bend chapter No. 29, R. A. M., and Eminent
Commander of South Bend Commandery.
Knights Templar. On September 23, 185/, he
was married to Miss Martha u. Hodgkinson.
the accomplished daughter of Mr. James D.
Hodgkinson, who was a native of England, and
settled in Berrien county, at an early day. He
left four sons, George H. Alward, Deputy
County Clerk; James S. Alward, Harry B. A.-
ward, and Albert F. Alward, who is Deputy
County Surveyor, all of whom a:e well known
in this city. Mrs. Alward who still survives

SOUTH BEND

245

her husband is a lady of rare womanly qualities
and superior intellectual attainments and in
her home life was pre-eminent in rendering
the domestic life ot her husband and chiidien
most happy and elevating. Judge Alwaid's
death was a serious loss to the community,
ana his funeral was attended by a large con-
course of his friends who had known and loved
him while in life. Funeral services were held
in the First Methodist Episcopal church, and
he was buried with the impressive ceremonial
of the Masonic fraternity. The pall bearers
were Elmer Crockett, John H. Dunn, A. Gaylor,
of Mishawaka, Hon. Clem Studebaker, Myron
Campbell and H. C. Bond.

DR. WALTER A. HAGER.
Among the prominent and successful prac-
titioners of this citv who have gained a most
enviable position in that important profession,
must be mentioned Dr. Walter A. Hager, who
has been known to the community of South

• '*8^

DK. WALTER A. HAGEU.

Bend since 1893. Dr. Hager is a native of
Palermo, Ontario, and was born August 23,
1S63. He is a son of Addison Hager, a
prominent grain merchant, of Burlington, On-
tario, and Maria iSmith) Hager. The young
man attended the public schools of Hamilton,
and early engaged in the drug business in
Orangeville, for four years, as a clerk. He
attended the Toronto College of Pharmacy and

graduated in 1883, with the degree of Ph. D.
He remained in the drug business in Hamilton,
until 18S8 when he went to Philadelphia, Pa.,
where he became a student of Jefferson Medical
College, and graduated as an M. D. in 1891.
For sixteen months alter his graduation he
was resident physician and surgeon at Jeffer-
son Hospital, where he gained most valuable
experience. In 1893 ne came to South Bend
and commenced the active practice of his pro-
fession, and from the outset was lemarkably
successful. After mature consideration Dr.
Hager, in 1898, decided to devote himself large-
ly to the treatment of diseases of the eye, ear,
nose and throat, and in order to qualify himse.f
more thoroughly for this delicate and responsi-
ble practice, he went to Philadelphia, and
from June to November, 1899, he attended the
Polyclinic, the Wills Eye hospital, and the
Jefferson Hospital, and studied c.osely in the
departments of the eye, ear, nose and throat.
In November of that year he went aoroad,
first going to Utrecht, Hoi. and, where he
studied under the immediate instruction of
Prof. Snellin, the famous eye specialist. He
then went to Vienna, Austria, wheie he attended
the hosp.tal in clinical practice, and both
studied and practiced under the direction of
the celebrated eye specialists, Profs Fuchs and
Schnable; Prof. Chiari, nose and mroat; Prof.
Poulitzer for one year and also under the
noted pathologist Prof. Nendorfer. He

devoted four months to active work iu
the clinics and laboratories of that city,
and then went to Paris, where he enjoyed the
advantages of the clinics conducted by Pi of.
De Wecker, the great authority on the eye, who
also has a finely appointed hospital in Paris.
Dr. Hager then went to Loncion, England, and
devoted four months to active work in the
Royal London Opthalmic Hospital, under such
leading spirits as Profs. Tay, Maicus Gunn,
William Lang, B. Silcock, J. B. Lawford, A. S.
Morton, S. Treacher Collins and Holmes
Spicer. Returning to America he again at-
tended the Wills Eye Hopsital, the Polyclinic
and the Jefferson Hospitals in Philadelphia,
and Prof. Knapp's clinic of New \ork, where
he devoted himself to practical work in these
important departments of medical science. On
January 15, 1901, after a short visit to his
Canadian home, Dr. Hager returned to South
Bend resolved to confine his practice to the
treatment of the eye, ear, nose and throat, and
to practically relinquish the general piactice
of medicine. In this he has been very suc-
cessful and is already a recognized authority,
even among his professional associates. Dr.
Hager has secured from the best makers in

SOUTH BEND

Europe, the finest instruments and appliances
used in these particular branches of practice,
and his office at Lafayette and Washington
streets is equipped with every modern appli-
ance for successful treatment of the eye, ear,
nose and throat. He is a memoer of the
Ameiican Medical Association, and the State.
Kankakee Valley, and St. Joseph County Medi-
cal Societies, and of the Indiana and Com-
mercial-Athletic Clubs. He is popular in
leading social circles and has hosts of friends
both in his profession and the community at
large.

HON. SCHUYLER COLFAX. SH.
One of the most honored citizens of South
Bend, and one who achieved national distinc-
tion was the Hon. Schuyler Co. fax, ex-vice
president of the United States, and whose
death occurred at Mankato, Minn.. January 13,
1885. He was a native of New York and was
born March 23, 1823. He came west in 1836
and located in New Carlisle and later was
deputy auditor of St. Joseph County. He early
developed a taste for politics and newspaper
work and in 1845 he founded the St. Joseph
Valley Register. He filled various positions
of political nature, and was a delegate to the
Whig convention that nominated Gen. Scott fo .•

HON. SCHUYLOR COLFAX, SR.

the presidency. In 1855 he was elected to con-
gress from this district, and was re-elected six
consecutive terms. He was speaker of the
House from 1863 to 1869. He was nominated

as vice-president in 1866, and served in that
distinguished office four years. He retired
from pubic life in 1872 and returned to South
Bend. He was a man of lare gifts as an orator
and statesman, and was ever held in high
esteem by all who knew him. He was married
in 1S68 to Miss Ellen Wade, a niece of Senator
Wade of Ohio, who survives him, and his
son, Schuyler Colfax is now the Mayor of South
Bend.

ANDREW KUNTSMAN.
One of the oldest and most high'y esteemed
of the German pioneer residents of South Bend
was Mr. Andrew Kuntsman. whose death oc-
curred at his home in this city on October 19,

ANDREW HUNTSMAN.

1897. Mr. Kuntsman had been in failing
health for a number of years and was en-
deared to a iarge circle of friends in this city.
Mr. Kuntsman was a native of Germany, and
was bo:n near Arzberg, Bavaria, on March 22,
ls38. In 1847 his parents came to America,
and located in St. Joseph County, Indiana.
Here Mr. Kuntsman was reared and learned
the trade of a cooper, in which business he was
engaged for a number of years, first locating
at a point just south of the city, later at Mish-
awaka, and then at South Bend where he re-
sided until his death. He was always a most
active business man, and was prominent in the
social and fraternal circles of the city. He
was warmly esteemed in the community and

SOUTH BEND

247

won hosts of friends. On December 6, I860,
Mr. Kuntsman was married to Miss Barbara
Bauer, who was also a native of Arzberg.
Bavaria, and who came to South Bend in 184S.
This most excellent lady survived her husband,
but death came to her on February 12, 1900.
after leading the life of an invalid for more
than eight years. She was a most estimable
and warm hearted lady and was widely es-
teemed. They left two children, a son and
daughter, Mr. Andrew Kuntsman, Jr., and Mrs.
E. H. Frederickson, both of this city. Mr.
Kuntsman was a prominent member of Ger-
mania Lodge, 301, F. & A. M., and Robert Blum
Lodge, 278, I. O. O. F., and these fraternities
performed the funeral ceremonies. He was
also the o dest member of the South Bend
Turn Verein, and took an active interest in
that organization.

HON. BENJAMIN F. SHIVELY.

Hon. Benjamin F. Shively is a native of St.

Joseph County and was born March 20, 1857.

His father. Rev. Joel Shively, and his mother

Elizabeth (Penrod) Shively, were natives of

HON. liENJAMUN K. SHIVELY.

Pennsylvania, but came West and located in
this county in 1854. Mr. Shively spent his
early years upon the farm and attended the
district schools during the winter. Afterward
he attended the Northern Indiana Normal
school at Valparaiso, and was engaged in
teaching from 1875 to 1880 when he came to

South Bend and engaged in journalism. In
1884 he was elected as representative to Con-
gress for the 13th district. His term expired
in 1885 and he then enteied the Law depart-
ment of the University of Michigan, gradua-
ting in the class of 1SS6. He was again
nominated for congress and elected, and re-
elected in 1888 and 1890. While in congress
he earned high honor and was a prominent
member of that body. He served on the com-
mittees on Banking and Currency, Indian
Affairs, District of Columbia and ways and
means, where he rendered conspicuous service.
On finishing his last term he declined further
honors and returned home to devote himself to
the practice of the law and the care of certain
industrial interests which demanded his at-
tention, in 1896 air. Shively accepted the
Democratic nomination for governor of the
state, and a though defeated he received over
30,000 more votes than had ever been cast in
the state for Governor. At the last national
convention his name was piominently men-
tioned for the office of vice president but he
absolutely declined the preferred honor. Mr.
Shively is a lawyer of ability and successful
practice, and as an orator has few equals either
in the courts or on the rostrum. As a cam-
paign speaker he is forceful, logical and mag-
netic and his valuable services to his party a:e
known and appreciated by the party leaders in
every section of the country. In 1889 he was
married to Miss Laura Jenks, the accom-
plished daughter of Hon. George A. Jenks, of
Brookville, Pa., solicitor general of the United
States from 1886 to 1889, and his family con-
sists of two sons and a daughter. Mr. Shively
is a scholar and a close student of classical and
current literature and for the past seven years
has been trustee of the Indiana University. He
owns an extensive library and his commodious
home is located at No. 402 North Michigan
street.

ALBERT LISTENBERGER.

Mr. Albert Listenberger is one of the best
known men in South Bend and from his in-
fancy has been identified with the giowth and
progress of the city. He was born here on
May 3, 1843, and is a son of John Listenberger,
who was the first merchant tailor in this city,
and at one time a partner of John W. Chess,
and his mother was Lodema (Fowler) Listen-
bfrger. The young man attended private
school at the Old Seminary, and in 1852 ac-
companied his father to Ca.iforria with a herd
of cattle, which were driven overland to the
Pacific coast. On this journey his father was

■us

SOUTH BEND.

wounded in the breast by an arrow during an
engagement with hostile Indians, and fiom
which he never fully recovered. They re-

turned in 1S54 and the young man attended
school until 1857 when he learned the tinners'

■I

Oliver Plow Works for twenty years in the
United States and foreign countries. Since
then he has not been in active business except
in acting as receiver for the Indiana Paper
Company. He was one of the organizers and
first president of the Citizens' National Bank
and for three yeais was a member of the Board
of Education. He was interested in the erec-
tion of the Lafayette and Elder schools and
the splendid Public Library building. Mr.
Listenberger was married in August, I860, to
Miss Ella Finney of Valparaiso and his family
consists of three daughters, Mrs. Charles
Coonley, Mis. W. D. O'Brien and Miss Anna
Listenberger who resides at home. He is a
member of the Indiana and Commercial-Ath-
letic clubs and of Norman Eddy Post, G. A. R.
He resides at No. 744 West Washington street.

MINER E. LISTENBERGER.

Mr. Miner E. Listenberger has been prom-
inently connected with the real estate business
in this city since 1872. He is a native of
South Bend and was born May 3, 1S48, and in
1S52 his father, John Listenberger, removed

ALBERT LloTEaRERGER.

trade with Massey Bros, and finished it at Val-
paraiso. Early in 1860 he went to Pike's Peak
and worked at his trade in Denver and other
cities until he was seized with mountain
fever. On his recovery he rode the "Pony
Express" on the plains in Colorado covering
a distance of about eighty miles per day, until
the civil war occurred when he enlisted in
August, 1861, in the Second Iowa Cavalry ser-
ving three and a half years. He was promoted
to Sergeant and on July 1, 1862, was taken
prisoner at Booneville, Miss., in a charge and
after several lemovals was taken to Libby
Prison where he was paroled and afterwaid
exchanged and returned to his old regiment.
He was mustered out in October, 1864, and re-
turning home engaged in the dry goods busi-
ness in 1S65 with Albert Davis at Bourbon,
Marshall County. He remained there nearly
four years, and then purchased an interest in
the Valparaiso Woolen Manufacturing Com-
pany, and was its secretary until he returned
to South Bend in 1871 and engaged in the
grocery business with his bi other, but gave it
up on account of ill health. He sought active
exercise for a year and then traveled for the

MINER E. LISTENBERGER.

with his family, overland to California where
he remained several years. During his jour-
ney to the west the elder Mr. Listenberger
was shot by the Pawnee Indians in the B ack
Hills, and seriously wounded. Mr. Listenber-
ger was educated in the public schools of
South Bend and later at the University of

SOUTH BEND.

219

Notre Dame. In 1872 he engaged in the real
estate, insurance and loan business, and has
been successfully engaged in that line since.
He was the owner of M. E. Listenberger's first
and second additions to South Bend, and has
been prominently connected with many of the
most important real estate transactions in
this city and vicinity for the past twenty-five
years. He is also the agent for the Royal
Insurance Co., of Liverpool; the Niagara, of
New York; the Fire Association, of Philadel-
phia; the Northern, of England; the Phoenix,
of London; the British-American, and the
Traveler's Life and Accident, of Hartford,
Conn. He is well known in the community and
universally esteemed as a business man of high
standing and progressive methods. He was
married to Miss Anna M. Hull, of Lafayette,
Indiana ,and resides at No. 603 West Washing-
ton street.

DAVID STOVER.

After more than four score years of active
and honorable life Mr. David Stover is now
enjoying the comforts of life, and is still in

boy took charge of the farm and went to the
district schools until he was nineteen, when he
came west in 1S35 and located in South Bend.
He first engaged with his bi other, Mathias
Stover, in the cabinet, furniture and undertak-
ing business for about ten years, when he pur-
chased his brother's interest and conducted the
business until 1852 when he sold out. He was
appointed a mail agent by President Pierce
on the route from Toledo to Chicago and con-
tinued in that vocation under President Bu-
chanan. On the election of President Lincoln
he was retired from office when he returned
home. He then engaged in the marble business
with David C. Myers, at No. 123 South Michi-
gan street, and they were together for five
years when Mr. Stover purchased the business
and continued it three years and sold it to his
o.d paitner Mr. Myers. He then went to
Virginia and returned in about six months
when he erected the brick building at No. 123
South Michigan street which was first occu-
pied by D. W. Russ. He also erected the
brick building at No. 129 South Michigan
street. He then purchased the business of
Boyn, Garrett & Welton, marble cutters, on
Michigan street, south of Wayne street, im-
proved the property and finally sold out to
Johnson & May. He then engaged in the tea
business at No. 129 South Michigan street
which he successfully conducted until May,
1S97, when he sold out and retired from active
business. Mr. Stover was always an active
business man and public spirited citizen. He
was a trustee of the Old Seminary and was a
member of the first city council from the sec-
ond ward, serving several terms. He was a
strong temperance advocate and was defeated
for the legislature in 1852 on account of his
temperance principles. Mr. Stover was mar-
ried in 1855 to Miss Calista Hunt of Toledo,
Ohio, and with his wife resides in a handsome
home on Vistula avenue, near Springbrook
Park. He joined the Methodist church in
1838 and is the oldest member of the First M.
E. church of this city. He was also an active
member of the Odd Fellows and the Sons of
Temperance.

DAVID STOVER.

vigorous health. He is a native of Virginia,
and was born in Bortetort County on January
19, 1816. His father was John Stover, a suc-
cessful farmer, and his mother was Catherine
(Snyder) Stover. His father died when young
Stover was but eleven years of age and the

SAMUEL LEEPER.

Among the first appointments made by
Mayor Co'fax under the provisions of the new
city charter, was that of Mr. Samuel Leeper as
a member of the board of commissioners com-
posing the newly created Department of Public
Works. This appointment was received with
general tavor by the community, and Mr.
Leeper's fitness for the position is generally

250

SOUTH BEND.

acknowledged. He is an energetic and repre-
sentative business man who has won the
esteem and confidence of his fellow citizens,
and the wisdom of the Mayor's choice in this
instance is universaly conceded. Mr. Leeper.
although a native of Ohio, has resided in St.
Joseph County since he was one year of age.
He was born in Montgomery County, Ohio, De-
cember 10, 1862, and is the son of Samuel
Leeper and Susan (Metzger) Leeper. His
parents were among the early pioneers in this

SAMUEL LEBJMK.

section of the country and were well and
prominently known in this vicinity. Young
Samuel received his education in the public-
schools of this city, his father's farm prac-
tically adjoining the town, and until 1888 he
assisted his father on the farm. During that
year, however, he determined to engage in
business for himself, and formed a partnership
with Mr. James B. Reed, and began the manu-
facture of brick, under the firm name of Leeper
& Reed. This arrangement continued until
1892 when Mr. Reed retired and Mr. William
H. Longley became a partner in the business
under the title of Leeper & Longley, and this
firm is now one of the largest brick manufac-
turing concerns in this section of Indiana. Mr.
Leeper is a business man of most excellent
judgment and ability, and though modest and
retiring in his disposition is strong and forceful
as an executive manager. He is a man ot
progressive ideas and has won his present high

standing in business circies and in the com-
munity by his own merits. Mr. Leeper takes
an active part in political affairs and is a lead-
ing member in the Republican party in North-
ern Indiana. A.though disinclined to accept
a public office he was appointed by Governor
Durbin as a member of the Police Commission
of this city, and most ably fulfilled the duties
of that position during his short term of office.
He is a stockholder in the South Bend National
Bank, and was recently elected a trustee of
that institution to fill the vacancy occasioned
by the death of his brother, David K. Leeper,
and at one time was the president of tne Brick
Exchange. Mr. Leeper was married on Jan
nary 9, 1SSS, to Miss Delia M. Earl, of Michi-
gan, and a daughter of David Earl, and his
family consists of three children, Lena, Leota,
born October 6, 1889, and Kittie, bom Novem-
ber 11, 1891, and Mary Elsie, Dorn December 8,
1898. His comfortable home is located on
the banks of the river near the Michigan street
bridge, which is popularly known as Leeper's
bridge. Mr. Leeper is fraternally connected
with the Knights of Pythias and is a leading
member of the local lodge of Elks.

MYRON CAMPBELL.

Mr. Myron Campbell, the able cashier of the
South Bend National Bank, and who has been
connected with that honored financial institu-
tion since 1878, is a native of Indiana. He was
born at Valparaiso, Porter County, March 13,
1849, and is the son of Samuel A. Campbell and
Harriet (Cornell) Campbell, and a twin brother
of Hon. Marvin Campbell of this city. His
father is still living and resides on the same
fai m on which young Campbell was born. Mr.
Campbell's early education was acquired in the
public schools in that vicinity and afterward he
attended the college at Valparaiso. He then
took up civil engineering and surveying and
was connected with the construction of the
Chicago & Grand Trunk railroad on the section
between Flint and Lansing, Mich. He was al-
so county surveyor of Porter County for four
years. From 1872 to 1874 he was engaged in
the grocery business in this city with Mr. Hor-
ace G. Miller, now postmaster of the city, under
the fiim name of Miller & Campbell. In 1878
he returned to South Bend and entered the ser-
vice of the South Bend National Bank as book-
keeper. He afterward acted as vice-president
and on Maich 14, 1891, was elected cashier of
that instituton and has retained this honorable
position up to the present time. Mr. Campbell
is a conservative banker of progressive ideas
and has proven a most valuable official. Though

SOUTH BEND

251

of a modest ternpeiament he has been a firm
and consistent exponent of the higher laws of
banking and business, and has won the con-
fidence and esteem of his banking associates
and the community. He was awarded the priz?
by Rand & McNally's Banker's Magazine for a
paper on "Country Banking" and was similarily
honored by Rhodes Journal of banking for a
paper on "Domestic Exchange." Mr. Campbell
professional way, and his sei vices are in fre-
quent demand in important cases in court. He
has never desired to hold public office, but from
1895 to 1898 he served on the city Board of
Education, and gave his best efforts to the
cause of education. Mr. Campbell was married
to Miss Abbie Fifield, of Valparaiso, and his
family consists of two sons and two daughters.
Edward H. Campbell is a graduate of the Naval
Academy at Annapolis, and a lieutenant in the
United States Navy; Robert S. Campbell, is an
electrician and connected with the local tele-
phone company; Ada C. Campbell is a graduate
of De Pauw University, and a teacher in the
scientific department of the South Bend High
School, and Vera, the youngest daughter is a
pupil in the High School. Mr. Campbell is
is also the author and publisher of a valuable

treasurer of the First M. E. Church, and of the
Young Men's Christian Association and is ac-
tive in each. He resides with his family at No.
323 West Navarre street.

MYUOX CAMPBELL.

book of interest tables and exchange tables,
that have met with the cordial endorsement of
bankers and business men. Mr. Campbell is
a recognized expert on hand writing, in a non-

DR. CHARLES M. BUTTERWORTH.
The appointment by Mayor Colfax of Dr.
Charles M. Butterworth as City Health Officer,
under the provisions of the new charter, has

DU. CHAS, M. BUTTEKWOKTH.

been received with general satistaction by the
community. Dr. Butterworth occupies a

piominent position as a medical practitioner
in this city, and is recogmzeu as a gentleman
of rare executive ability and tnoroughness. He
was born in Mishawaka Juiy 8, iStiti. His
father, Dr. Wi.liam W. Butterworth, was ior
years a well known physician in that locality
and the son naturally turned his attention to
the study of medicine. After passing through
the various public schools he attended the
Medical College of Ohio, at Cincinnati, and
giaduated in the spring of 1889. He came to
this city immediately after his graduation and
commenced the practice of medicine ana
surgery in which he has been successful. For
three years he was County Physician and had
charge of the County Asylum, St. Joseph Asy-
lum and Portage Township. He is a member
of the medical staff of the Epworth Hospital
and was a lecturer on the "Practice of Medi-
cine" at the Training School for Nurses at-
tached to that institution. He is also a mem-

252

SOUTH BEND

ber of the American Medical Association and
St. Joseph County Medical Society, and was
elected president of the latter organization. Dr.
Butterwoith was married to Miss Ellen F.
Slattery of Syracuse, New York, who was the
superintendent of music in the schoo.s of
South Bend, and nas an interesting family. His
office and residence is at No. 227 South Main
street.

DANIEL GREENE.

Mr. Daniel Greene is one of the oldest and
most honored citizens of St. Joseph County.
and for more than a third of a century has
been identified with the progressive history of
South Bend. Mr. Gieene comes of Colonial

D.'.SIEL GREENE.

ancestry, his great grandfather having come
from England before the Revolution. His

father, John Greene, was a native of Delaware,
as was his mother, Nancy Ann Jackson, and
this worthy couple, with three children, Israel,
John and Ezekiel came fiom Deleware to Ohio
with a one horse wagon in 1810. and settler!
on a farm at Xenia. Greene County, Ohio. To
this worthy couple were born twelve children,
all of whom figured in the early pioneer history
of the then Northwest. Mr. Daniel Greene
was born in a log house on the old farni in

Greene County. Ohio, December 15, 1818. the
closing of a momentous period in history. He
has lived through the greater part of the
nineteenth century and has witnessed and as-
sisted in its growth, prosperity and inventive
advancement, and has seen South Bend ad-
vance from a frontier trading post of a few
whites and many Indians to the fourth city of
Indiana. Mr. Greene secured his education
in a log school house and assisted his father
on the farm. In 1832 his parents removed to
Sumption Prairie, where he lived until I860,
and where his parents, two brothers and one
sister died. They located on a large farm
and Greene township is named after the family.
In 1866 Mr. Ezekiel Greene was elected County
Treasurer of St. Joseph County, and appointed
his brother .Daniel, as deputy. Mr. Greene
removed to South Bend and has since resided
here. He seived two years as Deputy County
Treasurer, and then engaged in the real estate
business. Later he embarked in the grocery
busiuess, and still later in the agricultural im-
plement business. In 1880 he became a stock
holder in the South Bend Chilled Plow Com-
pany, and was treasurer of the company six
years, when he retired from active business.
Mr. Greene through life has been a man of
energy and progress and has always acted
from firm principle in all his dealings. He
has ever been a strong and consistent factor
in honest politics, and though often importuned
to accept positions of honor from his party,
steadfastly refused, and worked hard and hon-
orably in the great army of Republicans. He
cast his first presidential vote for Martin Van
Buren in 1840, and since that date has never
missed voting at a general election in this
county. Orignially he belonged to the Free
Soil party, and he was one or the organizers
of the Republican party in St. Joseph county,
and one of its most forceful and honored mem-
bers. Twice he has been elected chairman of
the County Republican Central Committee and
each time declined the honor. To every hon-
orable principle in national and local Republi-
can politics he has remained faithful during
his long and eventful life. In 1S41 he became
a member of the Presbyterian church, and is
an elder of the church and has conscientiously
lived the life he has taught. In 1849 Mr.
Greene was married to Miss Mary Leeper, and
his home at No. 403 South Lafayette street is
an ideal abode for himself and estimable wife.
Mr. Greene's family consists of three children,
Mrs. E. J. Kettring, widow of the late Dr.
Joshua A. Kettring. Horace L. Greene, of the
South Bend Foundry Company, and Miss M.
Edna Greene.

SOUTH BEND,

253

DR. JOHN C. SACK.
In the death of Dr. John C. Sack, which oc-
curred in this city on April 12, 1889, there
passed away one of the most able physicians
and a courteous and accomplished man in the
highest sense. Dr. Sack was born at Arzberg,
Bavaria, December 28, 1820. His family was

most estimable lady still survives him, sur-
rounded by the love of her children and friends
and in the enjoyment of excellent hea.th. Five
children were born to them two of whom are
deceased. Three daughters are now living
in this city, Anna, wife of Fred W. Mueller,
Rosa, who is a music teacher of prominence,
and Thekla, who is the teacher of German in
the High School. The family home is at No.
133 Vistula avenue. The funeral of Dr. Sack
was largely attended. Mr. George F. Geyer
of this city spoke in German, and Hon. A. L.
Brick delivered a touching eulogy. The

ceremonies were conducted by Robert Blum
Lodge, 278, I. O. O. F., and the Turn Verein,
both of which he was an honored member.
The pall bearers were Frank Ambos, John
Wagener, "Ulrich Foegley. Erhardt Elbe], John
N. Elbel and Charles Vinson. After a life
of usefulness and honor he passed to his
eternal rest.

DAVID B. BOWMAN.

One of the earliest and most esteemed resi-
dents of St. Joseph County passed away in the
death of Mr. David Bowman, which occurred
at his home on South Michigan street on

DR. JOHN 0. SACK.

among the most prominent in his native town
and the son received the advantages of a most
liberal education. He was at first a student
of theology and giaduated from the college at
Erlangen, Germany. Soon afterward he was
ordained to the ministry in the Lutheran
church. Preferring the practice of medicine
he attended the medical college at Wuerzburg
and graduated in 1855. On July 3, 1855, he
came to South Bend, where many of his fel-
low townsmen had preceded him. From the
outset Dr. Sack was a leading spirit among
the German residents of this city. He was
highly educated and was a great reader and
close student. As a linguist he had no
superior and he was also an artist of decided
talent and ability, and an excellent physician
and surgeon. He was an advocate of physical
as well as intellectual development and was
an expert swordsman and delighted in athletic
exercises. He was remarkably successful in
his piofession but during the later years of
hs life gave up the more rigorous and active
work. On November 10, 1856, he was married
to Miss Margaret Katherine Koenig, and this

DAVID B. BOWMAN.

Thursday afternoon, February 23, 1S93, after
an illness of but three day's duration. Mr.
Bowman was born at Dayton, Ohio, November
9, 1825. His father was Elder Jacob Bowman,

25 1

SOUTH BEND

a preacher in the Dunker church, and a man
widely known. When Mr. Bowman was but
six years of age his parents left Ohio and
traveled by team to Indiana and settled in 1831
just south of this city. Mr. Bowman was
reared on the farm and was an ardent and pro-
gressive agriculturist, and a man of the highest
honor and integrity. He was of a genial and
sunny disposition and generous and public
spirited. He was twice married. On Octo-
ber 9, 1849, he married Miss Elizabeth Stull.
who died January 27. 1875. One child was
born to the union, a daughter, the wife of Mr.
Edward F. Dubail, of this city. On September
9, 1876, he married Miss Luzetta Fox, of Leb-
anon, Pa., a most estimable lady, who survives
him. To them one child was born, Mr. John
A. Bowman. Mrs. Bowman resides at No.
1863 South Michigan street. Mr. Bowman's
funeral was largely attended by friends and
relatives, and was conducted at the family resi-
dence, the interment being at Bowman's Cem-
etery. The Rev. N. D. Williamson officiated
assisted by Dr. Henry Webb Johnson. The
pall bearers were: Hon. David R. Leeper. John
W. Zigler. George W. Locke. William Rupel,
Joseph G. Zigler anu Elisha Rupel.

CHARLES G. HODSON.
Among the old and well known business
men of this city, who for nearly half a century
have been identified with its growth and
progress, is Mr. Charles G. Hodson, who lo-
cated in South Bend in the summer of 1855.
Mr. Hodson was born in Burlington County.
New Jersey, March 25, 1830. near the village of
Crooked Billet, and is a son of George Hodson
who was well known as afarmer in that local-
ity, and Harriet (Gaskell) Hodson. and is a
brother of George T. Hodson of this city. Mr.
Hodson attended school at Mansfield New
Jersey, and afterward learned the trade of a
carpenter at Burlington. New Jersey. In

1851 he engaged in the carpenter ana building
business in Burlington and remained there
until June 1855 when he came to South Bend.
He engaged in the same business here in 1862
and erected buildings on Michigan street.
Washington street and Coonley's corner, the
Baker building, the Lincoln block, the Grand
Central Hotel, and a number of other build-
ings. Mr. Hodson was engaged in the re-
moval of the old St. Mary's buildings from
Bertrand, Michigan, and Mishawaka to St.
Mary's, which he successfully accomplished. In
1867 he was associated with the late Judge
Stanfield. E. P. and Howard S. Stanfield and
Henry Barth in the Eagle Manufacturing Com-
pany, in the sash, door and blind business,

which continued until 1876. Then with his
brother he conducted the mill, which was lo-
cated on the West Race at Washington street,
until 1885 when the property was totally
destroyed by fire, at a loss of $30,000. After-
ward he was associated with E. P. Stanfield
as Hodson & Stanfield and the business was
continued until 1898 when it was closed and
afterward became C. G. Hodson & Son. Mr.
Hodson has not been engaged in active busi-

c HARI.ES G. HUDSON

ness since that time. He was married June
27. 1852. to Miss Rebecca F. Lippincott, or
Burlington, New Jersey, and eleven children
have been born to them, three of whom are de-
ceased. Those living are Mrs. Harriet Beyers.
Charles L. Hodson, Mrs. Lottie L. Harris,
George F. Hodson, Mrs. Flora S. Sharkey, Mrs.
Alice M. Steed of this city, and William K.
Hodson of Chicago. Mr. Hodson erected his
comfortable homestead at No. 708 South Michi-
gan street about forty years ago, and with his
most estimable wife and family has since re-
sided there.

GODFREY E. MEYER.
Mr. Godfrey E. Meyer, whose death oc-
curred in this city on January 4. 1901. was one
of the oldest and most highly esteemed busi-
ness men and citizens of South Bend. He
was a native of Bavaria. Germany, and whs
born October 9, 1823. He was the son of John
V. Meyer, a farmer in that section of Germany,

SOUTH BEND

255

and there the young man leceived his early
education. He learned the manufacture of
brittania ware, and until he was twenty-eight
years old he was engaged in that vocation. In
1853 he came to the United States, and located
in South Bend where a number of his fellow

and was one of the charter members of the
local Turn-Verien. In 1853 he was married
to Miss Bernardina Buhman, who was also a
native of Germany, now deceased, and he
leaves surviving him one son, John V. Meyer,
and three daughters, Emma, who is the wife of
Thomas B. Roberts, a newspaper publisher at
Armour, South Dakota; Anna, who is the wife
of the Hon. Aoraham L. Brick, of this city, and
Mary, who is married to Gustav H. Wenger,
also of this city. Mr. Meyer was a public
spirited citizen and his death was mourned by
a large circle of warm friends.

EDWARD P. STANFIELD.

One of the first appointments made by Mayor
Colfax under the new city charter, and one
which has given universal satisfaction, is that
of Mr. Edward P. Stanfield. as comptroller of
the city. Mr. Stanfield's fitness for the office
is acknowledged by all. He has for more
than a quarter of a century been identified
with the commercial life of this city, and has
been extensively engaged in the lumber and
manufacturing business. He was born in this
city December 25, 1842, and is a son of the
late Judge Thomas S. Stanfield and Nancy
(Peebles) Stanfield. Mr. Stanfield attended

GODFKEY E. MEYEB.

countrymen had preceded him. On first com-
ing here he entered the employ of Massey
Bros., tinsmiths and hardware merchants, anrl
with them he learned the tinning trade and b^
came a most expert workman. He continui
in this business several years when he form<_
a partnership with Mr. Gottfried Poehlman.
which continued until 1893. when Mr. Poehl-
man retired from the firm, and disposed of his
interest in the business to Mr. John Meyer, a
son of Mr. Meyer, who has been identifiea with
it ever since. Mr. Meyer was an acknowledged
expert in his profession, and during his busi-
ness career he did the roofing and cornice
work for most of the prominent buildings,
churches, and residences in South Bend. The
Auditorium, the Oliver Opera House, the Elk-
hart Opera House, and a number of handsome
public buildings bear evidence of his skill and
handiwork. He was remarKably successful,
and although he had attained the venerable
age of seventy-seven years, up to within a few
days of his death he was strong and vigorous
and was in daily attendance at his extensive
place of business No. 117 North Michigan
street. He was well known in the community,

EDWAKD P. STANFrELD.

school in this city and Princeton College. He
left college and enlisted in the 4Sth Indiana
Volunteers, November 18, 1861. He served as
first lieutenant and adjutant or the regiment

256

SOUTH BEND.

which was commanded by Colonel Non-man
Eddy, and was mustered out December 24,
1864. On his return home he attended the
University of Micnigan, was admitted to the
bar and practiced two years. He was after-
ward connected with the Eagle Manufactuiing
Company in the planing mill, sash, door and
blind and lumber business, and has been in
that line of business for thirty years. In
1877 he was connected with the firm of G. T.
Hodson & Co., which was afterward known
as Hodson & Stanfleld. which dissolved in
1S98 when Mr. Stanfleld retired to private life.
Mr. Stanfleld is a member of the Commandery
of Indiana. Loyal Legion, and is commander of
Norman Eddy Post, G. A. R. He was married
to Miss E'iza A. Harris of South Bend, and his
family consists ot a son and two daughters,
one of whom is the wife of Mr. Charles F. Post,
who is with the South Bend Paper Company,
and one daughter and son resides at home.
The family residence is No. 124 South William
street.

JOHN M. BROWN.
One of the prominent officia's of St. Joseph
County is Mr. John M. Brown, the popular and
efficient County Auditor. Mr. Brown was

JOHN M. BKOWN.

born in the City of Liverpool, England, July 17,
1859. His father, David E. Brown, handled
the real estate of the Coiporation of Liver-
pool, and was a highly prominent official.
Young Brown was educated in private schools

in his native city, and at the Crosby Grammar
School for Boys, and then engaged in agricul-
tural pursuits in Southern England. In 1877
he came direct to South Bend, and engaged in
farming, and for two years was employed on
the Clem Studebaker farm. He next came to
South Bend and was employed for a time by the
Singer Mfg Company, and then engaged in
farming for Thomas D. Summers. He returned
to South Bend and entered the emp.oy of
Hon. Marvin Campbell, as clerk in his hard-
ware store, and later as bookkeeper, remaining
with Mr. Campbell three years. He was
tendered a clerkship by County Auditor Aaron
Jones, and accepted it,- as Deputy County
Auditor, remaining until 1891, when Mr. Jones'
term expired. When Robert Myler was elected
County Auditor Mr. Brown continued as Deputy
one year, when he resigned to become Assist-
ant Cashier of the South Bend National Bank,
where he remained until 1897. He was made
Deputy County Auditor by Mr. George W.
Loughman, where he remained until 1899. In
1898 Mr. Brown was elected County Auditor,
his term expiring in 1903. He has given the
county a thorough business administration and
is highly popular. Mr. Brown was married in
1883 to Miss Anna B. Herring, of this city, and
with his estimable wife and three children:
Mabel, John A. and Edgar G., resides at No.
734 Park avenue. Mr. Brown is popular in
social circles and is a director of, and at its
organization was treasurer of the Commercial-
Athletic Club. He is a member of the Indiana
Club, the Royal Arcanum, and South Bend
Lodge No. 294, F. & A. M. He is also Director
of St. Joseph Loan & Trust Company, and in
January, 1901, was elected Assistant Secretary
of the St. Joseph County Savings Bank.

JOHN PLATZ.
For more than half a century Mr. John Platz
has been identified with the material growth
and progress of this city, and in his business
as a contractor and builder has contributed to
its substantial and architectural advancement.
Mr. P atz was born near New Berlin, in Som-
erset County, Penn., September 20, 1827. He
is the son of Peter Platz. a well known con-
tractor and builder, and Mary (Deeter) Platz,
both of whom came to Sumption Prairie in
1853, and died there several years ago. When
Mr. Platz was but a year ola his parents came
west and located at Canton, Ohio, where he
was reared and received the benefits of a pub-
lic school education, the father of Mrs. McKin-
ley, the wife of President McKinley. being his
school mate. He was licensed as a school

SOUTH BEND.

257

teacher and taught for a short time, but learn-
ing the business of a contractor and builder
with his father, was associated with him for a
short time and then commenced business for
himself. On May 15, 1851, ne came to South
Bend, and for two years after settling here, he

but four of whom are living, Charles A., James
A., anu John Harry, and a daughter, Cora, who
is now the accomplished wife of Mr. L. Clar-
ence Ball, the well known artist of this city.
Mr. Platz has won the esteem of the entire
community and since his marriage has been
a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church
and for many years was a member of the first
church of this city, but latterly has been con-
nected with Grace Church. He is also a mem-
ber of South Bend Lodge and Encampment, J.
0. O. P., and has received past official degrees
in both organizations. Mr. Platz, despite his
more than three score and ten years of active
and useful life is still in the enjoyment of vig-
orous health, and resides with his daughter
and son in law at No. 142 East Elder street.

RALPH STAPLES, SR.
Mr. Ralph Staples, Sr., whose death occurred
at Denver, Colorado, in the winter of 1864, by
a fall from a scaffold, was one of those early
and energetic pioneers of South Bend. He
was born at Prospect Corners, Waldo County,
Maine, in 1812. Here he resided and labored

JOHN PLATZ.

taught in the district schools. His parents
followed nini in 1853 and located at Sumption
Prairie. He gave up teaching and engaged in
the contracting and building business in which
he continued for a number of years. He
erected the two paper mills in this city and
several of the buildings connected with the
Singer and Studebaker works. He was fore-
man at Singer's for about five years ana held
the same position in the building department
at Studebaker s for the same length oi time.
He was a member of the Volunteer lire depart-
ment in the early days, and was foreman ot
the old "Bucket Brigade ' prior to 1853. When
the companies were formed and hand engines
came in vogue, Mr. Platz was always active
in the service. He was appointed City Com-
missioner which office he held until the adop-
tion of the new charter which practically leg-
islated him out of office, and was a most able
official. He was the first truant officer ap-
pointed under the law, and still nolds that im-
portant position. He was married in 1847 to
Miss Matilda Palmer, a resident of Starke
County, Ohio, and this most estimable lady died
in April 1899. Nine children were born to them

RALPH STAPLES, SR.

until 1834 when on June 18, he was married to
Miss Hannah Cromwell, a native of Hancock
County, Maine, and of staunch Revolutionary
ancestry, who still survives him. Shortly
after his marriage Mr. Staples and his young
wife started from their home in Maineto seek
their fortune in the West. After many severe

25S

SOUTH BEND.

trials and hardships during their overland
journey in those early pioneer days, they lo-
cated temporarily in Licking County. Ohio, but
not being satisfied with their surroundings and
prospects they started with a team of oxen.
and arrived in South Bend in November, 1836.
On arriving here Mr. Stap'.es had but ten cents
and a halt interest in the ox team. The
family then consisted of father and mother and
one son named Lemuel. Mr. Staples was a
millwright and carpenter by trade and the son
found lucrative employment although their
first place of abode was an old log school
house located a short distance from the river.
Mr. Staples constructed the first bridge across
the river at the foot of Water street, and was
engaged in the erection of many other struct-
ures. He filled several offices of trust and re-
sponsibility. He served one term as Sheriff
of the County, and was postmaster during a
portion of the administrations of Presidents
Pierce and Buchanan, and was placed in
charge of the first St. Joseph County Poor
House. In 1859 during the gold excitement at
Pike's Peak, he went to Colorado and spent
some time there. He returned to South Bend
for a short time but again went back to the
Rocky Mountain region where he met his death.
He left a wife and eight children to survive
him though eleven children were born to them.
Those now living are: Lemuel, Alexander.
Abraham, Charles, Israel and Ralph, who are
all residents of this city, and Henry who re-
sides with his mother and sister in Minne-
apolis, Minn. Mrs. Staples is now in her
eighty-sixth year, and is in the enjoyment of
excellent health and retains all her facul-
ties apparently unimpaired. She still recalls
vividly many of her interesting experiences in
the early days of this city when the village
was but a wilderness and the Indians roamed
the forests and plied their canoes down the
rapid current of the picturesque "St. Joe" river.

D. C. April 11, 1S70, while his father was vice
president, and in 1875 he came to South Bend
where he has since resided. He received his
early education in the public schools of that
city, and at Lawrenceville, N. J., and afterward
took a course of study in the classical school at
Indianapolis. In 1S89 the Colfax Manufactur-
ing Company was organized, and Mr. Colfax is
the sole owner of this industrial establish-
ment. He has aiways taken a deep interest
in political affairs, and in 189(5 he organized,
and was president, of the famous Colfax March-
ing Club, of this city, which was composed
of nearly 2,000 workingmen. In 1898 he was
elected Mayor of South Bend, and is the

HON. SCHUYLER COLFAX.

The Hon. Schuyler Colfax, the present Mayor
of the city of South Bend, is a young, enter-
prising progressive business man. He is the
son of the late Hon. Schuyler Colfax, whose
memory is endeared to the country as vice
president of the United States, during the first
administration of Gen. U. S. Grant, and who
w as one of South Bend's most honored citizens.
His mother is Ellen Wade Colfax, and she is
a niece of the late Senator Ben Wade of Ohio.
Mr. Colfax was born in the city of Washington,

HON. SCHUYLER COLFAX.

present able executive head of the municipality.
He has done much to advance the city's best
interests, and has instigated a number of re-
forms in the city administration. By his con-
sistent and conscientious action he has won
the confidence and esteem of the community at
large and he has always sought to exercise a
proper economy in the various departments ot
the municipal government. He is genial and
courteous and has won many warm personal
friends. Mr. Colfax was married in June. 1S95,
to Miss Catherine Nelson, of Stillwater, Minn.,
a daughter of John G. Nelson, Surveyor Gen-
eral of the St. Croix district, and with his
wife and honored mother resides at No. 603
West Colfax avenue.

SOUTH BEND

259

RICKETSON BURROUGHS.

For nearly half a centui y the name of Ricket-
son Burroughs was prominently known in this
community, and his death, which occurred at
his home in this city on January 9, 1885, was
the result of an attack of paralysis he re-
ceived July 22, 1883, and from which he never
fuliy recovered. Mr. Bui roughs was born in
Dutchess County, N. Y.. January 19, 1812. His
father was Dr. George Burroughs, a prominent
physican in that section of the state. Mr.
Burroughs learned the trade of a hatter in
Tioy, N. Y., and with his mother and sister
came to South Bend in 1837 and at once es-
tablished a hat manufactory in the Rockstroh
Block on West Washington street. Miss Julia

ornamental article known as white brick. This
enterprise marked a new era in the construc-
tion of buildings in this city and he erected a
number of brick edifices of a superior character.
His corner store was the first to display an
"open front," and he erected for Mr. Schuyler
Colfax the first stone front building in this
city. In his earlier days, as the first town-
ship trustee, he built the first school house in
the township. Mr. Burroughs became a mem-
ber and a teacher in the Sunday school of the
First Presbyterian Church shortly after his
arrival in this city, and was a regular at-
tendant as long as his health permitted and
always took a deep interest in its growth. He
organized the first Lyceum in this city, and was
a leading member of "Moot Court," which
was popular at one time. He was also in-
terested in the State Bank of Indiana from its
organization and was the president of the in-
stitution for several years. His influence was
felt in literary, religious and business affairs
and he was a leader in them all. He was
elected a member of the City Council for sev-
eral terms. His services were frequently
solicited as executor of estates and as guardian
for minor children and all felt secure if their
affairs were entrusted to his care. He left
surviving him a sister, Miss Julia Burroughs,
who is still a resident of this city and who
lives in the old homestead at No. 501 Portage
avenue. She is well known and most highly
respected for her many admirable qualities. A
brother, Reuben Burroughs, and a sister, Mrs.
Alexander Cameron, are both deceased. He
also left two sisters, Mrs. Folsom of Kansas
and Mrs. Isaac Roraback of Davenport, Iowa.

KK'KETSON BURROUGHS.

Burroughs was the manager of his household
and for years her loving affection and kindness
ministered to his needs and comforts. He
afterward purchased the property at the corner
of Michigan and Washington streets, which
he improved, and in which he conducted a
large and successful business. Mr. George
W. Matthews, was an apprentice of his in 1844,
and in 1849 he was admitted to an interest in
the business. This arrangement continued
until 1852 when Mr. Burroughs disposed of his
interest to Mr. Matthews and practically retired
from mercantile life. He by no means, how-
ever, relinquished active business pursuits, for
shortly afterward he engaged in the manufac-
ture of brick, and made a most durable and

GEORGE N. WHITEMAN.

Mr. George N. Whiteman, of the well known
firm of Whiteman Bros., wholesale grocers and
manufacturing confectioners, witn warehouse
and factory at No. 324 South St. Joseph street,
was born on a farm in Portage Township, St.
Joseph County, December 15, 18&8. His father,
Abram Whiteman, was a successful farmer,
and his mother was Sarah tBeehler) vVhite-
man. Young Whiteman was reared on the
old homestead and was educated in the country
schools. He left home after he had reached
his majority, married and purchased a farm
which he conducted successfully until 1889,
when he came to South Bend and with his
brother, William F. Whiteman, organized the
firm of Whiteman Bros., and started in the
wholesale grocery and confectionery business.
A man of business methods and strict honesty

200

SOUTH BEND

the business rapidly grew until three years ago
the firm built its present two story and base-
ment building, 33 x 165 feet in area, which is
wholly utilized in the business. The firm

His father was Abram Whiteman, who came
from Pennsylvania, and was a successful
farmer here, and his mother was Sarah (Beeh-
ler) Whiteman. As a boy he was reared on
the farm and was educated in the district
schools. He lived on the farm until he was
twenty-three years of age. when he went to
Colorado, where he remained a year. Then
he returned to South Bend and has since re-
sided in this city, where he has built up an
enterprise that fully attests his business
genius. In 1889. with his brother, George N.
Whiteman. he started business in a very
small way, with a modest capital, and the
growth of the business has been such that the
firm can now invoice its stock at nearly $50,-
000.00. The business grew rapidly and the
firm moved to its present location, No. 324
South St. Joseph street, and three years ago
purchased additional property and erected a
modern two story and basement warehouse
and factory 33 x 165 feet, equipped with every
facility for handling the constantly increasing
business. The firm does a wholesale and
jobbing grocery and confectionery business,
and manufactures fine chocolates, bon bons
and stick candies, and handles about 10.000
tons of candy per year. The trade is within

GEORGE X. WHITEMAN.

does a general jobbing business in groceries
and manufacture and supplies the trade with
fine confectionery, chocolates, bon bons. stick
candy, etc. Mr. Whiteman has been most
successful in business. In 1S96 he traded
some property on Prairie avenue for a strip of
ground on Vistula avenue, the latter being a
swamp and considered worthless. Mr. White-
man filled in this swamp with over ten thous-
and loads of debris, at a cost of nearly $1,600.00,
and has made it more than nve times as val-
uable as the property whica he traded for what
everyone called a "worthless swamp." Mr.
Whiteman is highly esteemed as a business
man who has won success by deserving it. He
nas been twice married, his first wife being
Miss Mary Burroughs. After her death he
married Miss Annie Van Wagner, and resides
in a new home at No. 466 Vistula avenue.

WILLIAM F. WHITEMAN.

Mr. William F. Whiteman, senior member of
the firm of Whiteman Bros., wholesale grocers
and manufacturing confectioners, is a native
of Portage Township, St. Joseph County,
Indiana, where he was born February 1, 1865.

WILLIAM F. WHITEMAN.

a radius of one hundred miles of South Bend.
Mr. Whiteman is a careful business man ot
ability and strict honor. He has been twice
married, his first wife, whom he married in

SOUTH BEND.

261

1SS6, being Miss Maudie Matthews, who died
in 1899. He then married Miss Laura E. Man-
nering of Greene Township, and with his es-
timable wife resides at No. 322 South St. Jo-
seph street.

JOHN KLINGEL.

One of the honored pioneer residents of
South Bend was Mr. John Klingel, whose death
occurred on April 23, 1900. He was one of the
best known merchants of this city and had
witnessed its giowth and progress from a mere
struggling village. Mr. Klingel was born at
Wallhallen, Rhein Pfa'-tz, Germany, August 31,
1835. His father, Philip Klingel, was a brave

jonx KLINGEL.

soldier who had the honor of serving under
Napoleon Bonaparte. In 1850 with his father,
mother and sister he came to America, and
landed in New York city. The family hist
located in Rome, N. Y., but only remained
there two years when they came to South
Bend, and soon after settling here Mr. Klingel
engaged in the shoe business. For more than
twenty years he was one of the progressive
and successful shoe merchants in this city. He
always took a deep interest in the growth and
prosperity of the city, and when the city was
incorporated in 1865 Mr. Klingel was a member
of the first City Council, but resigned before
his second term expired. In 1867 he was

appointed a member of the Board of Education
and most ably served in that capacity until
1SS3. Mr. Klingel s practical maxim in lite
seemed to be to do good whenever the op-
portunity offered uself. On December 6, 1851,
he was married to Miss *ietta Dice, a daughter
of the late John K. Dice of this city, and this
most estimable lady still survives him. Three
children were born to them: A. P. Klingel, who
is Sergeant of Police and the Secretary of the
Police Commission, Mrs. M. S. Kogers, of this
city, and Mrs. Patrick Hagan of Pennsylvania.
Mr. Klingel was made a member of Germama
L.odge, No. 301, F. & A. M., upon the night or
its institution. tie was also a member or
South Bend Chapter, No. 29, K. A. M., and since
1872 was affihiated with Warsaw Commandery,
No. 10, Knights Templar. His funeral which
was largely attended was conducted with im-
posing Masonic ceiemonies, and his pail
bearers were his fraternal brothers, ixnus
Nickel, Jr., and Meyer Livingston of Germama
L,odge; David R. Leeper and john Gal.agher of
South Bend Lodge, and Samuel T. Applegate
and John T. Kelly of St. Joseph L,odge. Mr.
Klingel was a sterling and progressive lepre-
sentative of the higher German citizenship in
America, and his death was mourned by a
large circle of friends.

CAPT. ANDREW F. TIPTON.

Captain Andrew Fleming Tipton, whose
lamented death occurred in this city on Feb-
ruary 14, 1S95, was well known in this com-
munity and was a brave soldier, a cultured
gentleman and an honored citizen. Capt. Tip-
ton was born near Canton, Ohio, January 31,
1837. When he was quite young his parents
removed to St. Joseph County, Indiana, and
located on a farm near this city. He learned
the trade of a printer and for some years was
engaged on the Register with Hon. Schuyler
Colfax. In 1857 he removed to Iowa and in
1S60 was the publisher of a paper at Gutten-
berg, and later at Elkader, Iowa. On Sept. 30,
1863 he enlisted as lieutenant of Company 1,
Eighth Iowa Cavalry and was afterward pro-
moted to a Captain. He participated in all the
important battles of the Army of the Tennessee
and on July 30, 1864 was taken prisoner at
Newman, Georgia. For nearly a year he suf-
fered untold hardships at the hands of the
rebels. On March 1, 1865 he succeeded in
getting into the Union lines and was discharge!
as a paroled prisoner of war. He was after-
ward seized with hemmorhage of the lungs and
confined in the hospital at Benton Barracks, St
Louis. He finally reached Elkader and resumed

262

SOUTH BEND.

his newspaper work. In 1S66 he retired from
journalism and engaged in the drug business
and in 1868 he was appointed postmaster and
ably served for five years. In 1878 he was
railroad mail agent between LaCrosse and

t**

ff*

past five years, and has been an important
factor in the permanent improvement of the
city. Mr. Robert was born near Montreal, Can-
ada. August 10, 1854. He is the son of Hubert
Robert, a well known farmer in that locality.
He received his education in the schools near
his home, and then learned the trade of a car-
penter. When he was seventeen years of age
he went to Chicago, 111., where he worked as a
carpenter until 1872 when he located in South
Bend. Here he followed his trade and acted as
foreman at Notre Dame for several years. He
was then employed as foreman of the construc-
tion department at Studebakers for four years,
after which he engaged in the contracting bus-
iness on his own account in this city. He was
interested in the erection of the Locke school,
and a number of handsome residences for lead-
ing citizens of South Bend. In 1895 he con-
nected himself with Martin Hoban and Martin
J. Roach, under the firm name of Robert. Hoban
& Roach. The firm has laid the brick pave-
ments and built the sewers in leading streets
of the city and the entire sewer system of Mish-
awaka was constructed by this firm as was also

I'Al'T ANDREW F. TIPTON.

Dubuque, serving until 18S4, when he was
transferred to the South and ran between
Vicksburg and New Orleans. In 18S6 he came
to South Bend where he resided until his
death. For three years he was engaged as
traveling agent for the South Bend Chillea
Plow Company and then entered the insurance
business. His last engagement was with the
Bissell Chilled Plowr Company, but in Decem-
oer, 1894, he was taken seriously ill and was
unable to work afterward. Captain Tipton
was married to Miss Louise Whitney, and this
most estimable lady survives him. Mrs. Tipton
is most active in the great work of the
Woman's Relief Corps. He also left a son,
Schuyler C. Tipton, who is connected with the
postal department in this city. Captain Tipton
was highly esteemed by all who knew him. He
was a member of Auten Post No. 8, G. A. R.,
and of St. Joseph Lodge No. 45. F. & A. M. His
funeral was conducted by the Masons and his
comrades of Auten Post.

JOSEPH E. ROBERT.

The well known contracting and building

firm of Robert, Hoban & Roach, of which Mr.

Joseph E. Robert is the senior member, has

been in successful business in the city for the

.losKI'II K. HllliKKT,

the admirable sewer of the Singer Mfg., Co.
The firm erected the Studebaker Warehouse,
the Gymnasium and theological seminary at
Notre Dame, and a large amount of public work
of importance. Mr. Robert was an alderman
and represented the fourth and seventh wards
from 1SSS to 1891, and served as Park Commis-
sioner for two years. He is a gentleman of ad-

SOUTH BEND,

203

vanced ideas, thoroughly practical and progres-
sive and is a business man of experience, abil-
ity and forceful energy. Fraternally he is as-
sociated with the Foresters and the Catholic
Knights. He was married to Miss Angelina De
Sormiers, a native of Canada, and with an in-
teresting family of five children resides at No.
319 North St. Louis street.

MARTIN J. ROACH.

Mr. Martin J. Roach has been an energetic
and progressive member of the well known
contracting and building firm of Robert, Hoban
& Roach since its organization in 18y5. He
was born in this city November 9, 1856, and is
the son of William Roach. Mr. Roach at-
tended the public schools here and afterwards
attended the University of Notre Dame for two
terms. He became a practical mason and for
several years was foreman of mason work at
Notre Dame. He afterward engageu in the
contracting business on his own account which
he continued for several years. In 1895 he
formed his present partnership witn Joseph
E. Robert and Martin Hoban, and the firm has
since been prominently known as Robert.
Hoban & Roach. This firm has acquired a
justly high reputation for the superior and

MARTIN J. HOACH.

thorough nature of its work, and it has been an
important factor in the public improvements
of the city. Mr. Roach is a master of his
piofession.and is one of the most conscientious,

straightforward and reliable men engaged in
the business of public contracting. He was
elected as alderman from the seventh ward
and most ably served from 1S90 to 1893. He
is at present a member of the Board oi Park
Commissioners which office he has held for
seven yeais. He is a practical man in every
sense of the word and successful. He resides
at No. 905 South Bend avenue.

MARTIN HOBAN.
Among the successful contractors in

this

city is Mr. Martin Hoban, of the firm of Robert,
Hoban & Roach, whose office and yards are

MAUTIN HOBAN.

located at No. 313 North Emerick street. Mr.
Hoban was born in Portland, Maine, November
1852, and is the son of Thomas Hoban, who
removed with his family to South Bend in
1856. He attended the Brothers and Sisters
School in this city, and for five yeas was fore-
man in the mason department at Notre Dame.
He afterwards engaged in the contracting busi-
ness for hinise.f and constructed the buildings
at St. Mary's Academy, St. riedwige's Church
and school house, St. Patrick's church, Wilson
Bros. Shirt Factory, McDonald's Studio, and a
number of piivate residences and commercial
buildings. In partnership with Sorden Lister-
he was engaged in the construction of the
sewers and other works of prominence. They
also built the engine house for No. 4 Hose
Company and erected the river wall at Howard

264

SOUTH BEND.

Park and the City Water Works on Michigan
street. In 1893 Mr. Hoban was connected with
the South Bend Construction Company. In
1895 he associated himself with Joseph E.
Robert and Martin J. Roach, under the firm
name of Robert, Hoban & Roach, and this firm
has become the leading general contractors
for building construction, street and sewer im-
provements, stone bridges and cuiverts, and
make a specialty of boiler setting and tall
chimney construction. Mr. Hoban is a prac-
tical and progressive business man. He rep-
resented the fourth ward in the city council
from 1884 to 1888 and was city commissioner
for six years. He is prominent in the com-
munity and enjoys the esteem of all. Mr.
Hoban was married to Miss Judie E. Downey,
of Rome, N. Y., and with his estimable wife
and family consisting of three sons and a
daughter, resides at No. 205 North St. Louis
street.

JOSEPH N. CALVERT.

Mr. Joseph N. Calvert, the well known and
popular Justice of the Peace, is a native of
South Bend, and was born here October 28,

JOSEPH N. I ALVEKT.

1845. His father Isaac D. Calvert, was a well
known mechanic here, and his mother was
Mary (Defrees) Calvert. Until he was
twelve years of age he attended the public-
schools here and in 1857 he removed with his

family to Iowa City, Iowa, where he also at-
tended school and finished his education in
the high school. In 1860-1S61 he was in Co.-
orado and spent most of the time at Pike's
Peak and vicinity. In 1862 he completed his
education in the University of Notre Dame,
and then enlisted in Co. F, 2znd Indiana Vol-
unteer infantry, whose regiment was at-
tached to the 14th Army Corps. Mr. Calvert
served with distinction and valor in Georgia
and the Carolinas. He was with Snernian in
his famous march to the sea, and participated
in all of the great battles under tnat intrepid
leader. He was in the famous battles of At-
lanta, Amesbo.o and at Brentvhle, N. (J., and
many others. Mr. Caivert was discharged at
Washington in 1865 ana mustered out at Indi-
anapolis. He returned to South Bend and
engaged in the carpenter contracting Business
in which he successfully remained until 1898.
in that year he was elected Justice of the Peace
on the Republican ticket, and has served two
years of his term of four. His official acts
are characterized with justice in its broadest
sense and he has won the confidence ana es-
teem of all. He is City Police Magistrate and
is fear.ess in the discharge of his duties and a
terror to evil aoers. He is prominent in social
and fraternal life and is a member of St. Jos-
eph Lodge, No. 45, F. & A. M., the Maccabees,
the Order of the Eastern Star, and the Grand
Army of the Republic, being a memDer of
Norman Eddy Post. He was married in 1865
to Miss V. L. Massey, and has one son, Charles
B. Calvert, a law student, and resides at No.
329 South Main street.

RICHARD IN vVOOD.

Mr. Richard Inwood, whose death occurred
in this city on January 9, 1888, was well known
in South Bend and in Northern Indiana, where
for more than half a century he ^ad been
identified with its material growth and prog-
ress. Mr. Inwood was born in Holybourne,
County Hampshire, England, February 3, 1812.
He came of a family of twelve chlidren, the
eldest of whom was Mrs. Matthews, the mother
of the late George W. Matthews, and one of
his brothers, Augustus Inwood, is still living
in this city. In the spring of 1833 Mr. In-
wood with two brothers and sisters left their
native country. They landed in New York
May 19, of that year, and arrived in South Bend
on July 6, 1833. Shortly after the brothers
preempted 160 acres of land in Center Town-
ship, but finally disposed of their land and re-
moved to this city. Here they decided to es-
tablish a brewery, and they constructed quite

SOUTH BEND

265

a large plant on South Michigan street, which
had scarcely reached completion when it was
entirely destroyed by fire. Mr. Richard In-
wood obtained a position as bookkeeper for
the old St. Joseph Iron Company at Mishawaka,

Studebaker, David Stover, Thelus M. Bissell,
A. G. Cushing and George W. Baker. Mrs.
Inwood still resides in the old homestead at
No. 513 West Washington street, and her de-
clining years are passed in comfort and in
the consciousness of a life of well doing and
delicate usefulness.

JOHN Y. SLICK.

Mr. John Y. Slick, proprietor and founder of
the popular Slick's St. Joe Laundry, is one of
the successful business men of South Bend. He
is a native of the Buckeye State and was born
at Canal Fulton, Starke County. Ohio, October
17, 1S43. In 1860 Mr. Slick came to South Bend
where he has since made his home and where
he has been engaged in successful business. In
1862 he enlisted in Co. C. 73rd. Regiment Ind-
iana Volunteer Infantry, and served three years
during the civil war, and was mustered out as
a second lieutenant in July, 1865. He returned
to South Bend and was engaged in the grocery
business for several years as a member of the
firm of Slick Bros., and in 1SS1 he established
the St. Joe Laundry on Water street. The bus-

K1CIIAKD INWOOD.

and while there made the acquaintance and
won the friendship of Mr. James Oliver, who
was then working in the foundry, which grew
stronger with years and continued until his
death. He again went to farming in Center
Township in 1844, where he remained until
1867, when he removed to South Bend, and
resided here until his deatn. In January,
1861, he was manied to Miss Martha Greene,
of Greene Township, who survives him, and
who is still in excellent health. He left three
children by a former marriage: Mr. William
Inwood of this city, Mrs. George Matthews, and
George Inwood, and one son, Richard G. In-
wood, by his last marriage. Mr. Inwooa was
a man of high character and most scrupulous
habits and business methods and was the soul
of honor and won and retained the esteem
of the entire community. He was an earnest
Christian and a life long member of the First
M. E. Church. His death was generally
mourned and his funeral was attended by a
large concourse of his friends. The religious
rites were performed by the Revs. H. M. Mid-
dleton and George T. Keller, and those who
gently bore his remains to their last resting
place were his old friends James Oliver, Clem

JOHN Y. SLICK.

iness grew rapidly and later Mr. Slick removed
to his present location No. 112 East Jefferson
street, where he has one of the best equipped
steam laundries in the city. Every modern
appliance and convenience is used with all of
the latest machinery and the laundry does a

2(10

SOUTH BEND.

constantly increasing trade, and gives employ-
ment to about twenty-five persons. Mr. Slick
is a business man of the highest standing and
prominence and enjoys the confidence and
esteem of all who know him.

CHARLES H. McCARTY.

Mr. Charles Harlan McCarty, deputy sheriff
and turnkey at the St. Joseph County Jail, is a
son of Sheriff Charles E. McCarty, and is *
young man of wide popularity. He is a native
of St. Joseph County and was born at Walker-
ton, Ind., July 16, 1876. When a child his par-
ents removed to Garrett, Ind., and here he re-
ceived his first education in the public schools.
Young McCarty had the advantages, subse-
quently, of a careful training and education.
He attended the public schools at Peru, Ind,
and Bellevue, Ohio, and also attended the catho-
lic convents at Streator, 111., and at Covington,
Ky. He then returned to Walkerton and grad-
uated at the high school and completed his edu-
cation upon his graduation at Michaels Univer-
sity at Logansport, Ind. After he graduated he
returned to Walkerton, and for six years lived
with his parents on the farm. He next removed
to Walkerton where he was clerk in his father's

highest credit. Mr. McCarty also acted as guard
at the Indiana State Prison at Michigan City
under Warden Harley. He is a young man of
magnificent physique and rare mental attain-
ments and is highly esteemed by all who know
him as a courteous gentleman and efficient and
fearless officer of the law.

CLAUDE K. HOWELL.
Among our successful architects is Mr. Claude
K. Howell, who is one of the mose artistic
members of his profession and whose office is at

CIIAKI.ES II. M CABTT.

hotel for two years. In 1898, when his father
was elected sheriff, he came to this city as
deputy sheriff and turnkey at the county jail,
which responsible position he has filled with the

CLAUDE K. HOWELL.

No. 230 South Michigan street. Mr. Howell was
born at Donaldsonville, La., Nov. 27, 1869. He
is a son of Perry Howell, a successful hotel
proprietor, now deseased. Mr. Howell early
evinced a taste and talent for architecture, and
when eleven years of age he entered the studio
of L. L. Stein, the celebrated architetct of To-
ledo, Ohio, with whom he remained four years.
After his father's death his mother removed to
Lexington, Ky., and afterward to Covington,
Ky., and the young man spent an additional
two years with Hanaford & Son, of Cincinnati.
He then went to Chicago and was engaged in
the office of Burnham & Root, the leading archi-
tects of that city. He next went to Kansas City
with Mr. Walter Root, and he designed
buildings in Atlanta, Georgia, Washing-
ton. D. C, Columbus, Ohio, and Wichita,
Kansas. He then returned to Chicago
and was connected with the World's Fair as

SOUTH BEND

207

superintendent and had charge ot the construc-
tion of a number of the buildings for the great
exposition. While in Chicago he erected a
handsome residence for D. H. Norris, costing
$150,000.00. He came to South Bend in lSy:J
and since that time has been a factor in the
architectural development of this city. He has
designed a number of handsome residences for
prominent citizens of South Bend, Mishawaka,
Elkhart, Niks and other cities, among which
may be mentioned those of Samuel Stull, Mrs.
0. M. Humbert. William Hildebrand, W. B.
Pershing and a number of others He has also
erected a handsome building for the South Bend
Remedy Company, and a warehouse for W. H.
Hildebrand. His latest work is a handsome
cottage at Diamond Lake for prominent South
Bend parties, and an imposing and artistic en-
tranceway and gateway for the new Riverview
Cemetery of this city. He has also prepared an
elaborate and handsome index map of the City
of South Bend, on a scale of 500 feet to the inch.
Mr. Howell is an expert in his profession and
is popular in the community, and a member of
the Knights of Pythias.

WILBERT WARD.

The appointment of Mr. Wilbert Ward as
City Attorney, under the new charter, has met

father George Ward being a retired farmer.
His grandfather settled in St. Joseph County ir.
1837 and his father's brothers are Andrew J.
Ward of this city and Simon and Jacob Ward of
Mishawaka, all successful men. Mr. Ward re-
sided in Mishawaka until he was thirteen years
old, and then moved to a farm in Clay township
where he lived until he left the county to en-
gage in the profession of teaching. He taught
in the district schools of the county when he
was seventeen and earned the means to attend
De Pauw University and graduated in 1884, and
later was given the degree of A. M.
For two years he was principal of the hign
school at Anderson, Ind., and was admitted x, >
the bar in 1888. During the latter year he came
to South Bend and commenced the gener;i]
practice of the law and has acheived deserved
success. From 18S9 to 1893 Mr. Ward was
Deputy Revenue Collector for this district and
he was City Attorney from 1894 to 1898. In
1S98 he was reappointed Deputy Revenue Col-
lector and still holds that office. Mr. Ward has
always taken an active interest in politics and
is one of the leading republicans in this section
of the state. He was chairman of the Republi-
can City and County Central Committee in 1S94
and 1896. In 1895 he had charge of the printing
of the city ordinances and wrote, codified and
revised, under one ordinance, all of the city
ordinances under the enlarged powers given to
the common council by the new charter. He
is the first president of the St. Joseph Bar As-
sociation, and is a member of the Methodist
church but is not bound by any creed and is
ready to hear the truth from any source. Mr.
Ward was married to Miss Alice Chearhart, of
St. Joseph County, and with his accomplished
wife and son, Wilbert, Jr., resides at No. US
East Marion street.

WILBERT WARD.

with the favor and approval of the community
in every sense. Mr. Ward is a native of St.
Joseph County and was born April 19, 1861, his

GEORGE L. RUSH.
Mr. George Leland Rush, of the prominent
real estate firm of Rush & Warner, located at
No. 211 East Jefferson street, is a native of
South Bend and is well known in this commu-
nity. He was born in this city February 4,
1864, and is the son of DeWitt Clinton Rush,
who was a well known business man. Mr. Rush
received his education in the public and high
schools of South Bend, and for a number of
years was engaged as a traveling salesman for
prominent confectionery firms in Port Huron
and Detroit, Mich. About six years ago he en-
gaged in the real estate, loan and insurance
business, which he conducted until 1898, when
he formed a partnership with Mr. William
C. Warner, under the firm name of Rush & War-
ner. The firm deals exclusively in real estate

268

SOUTH BEND,

and negotiates loans on real estate, and is the
local agent for the following fire insurance
companies: The Western, of Toronto; the Man-
chester of England; the British American of
Toronto; the Traders of Chicago; the Pennsyl-

until he was sixteen years of age. In 1874 he
was apprenticed to the Inquirer Printing A.
Publishing Company, of Lancaster, where he
remained about six years. In 1881 he was a
clerk in the store of Messrs Watt & Shand in
Lancaster, where he remained three years,
when he was promoted to head bookkeeper, aud
continued in the employ of the firm until 1888.
During that year, in company with W. Scott
Adler and Alfred A. Coble he came to South
Bend and established the present successful
business, under the firm, name of Chillas. Adler
& Coble. This partnership continued until
September 1898 when Messrs Adler and Coble
withdrew and since that time Mr. Chillas has
conducted the business alone. His handsomely
appointed store is located at No. Ill North
Michigan street, and he carries the most exten-
sive line of imported and domestic dry goods in
the west. Mr. Chillas is one of the leading
merchants of this city. During his residence in
Lancaster Mr. Chillas was clerk of the Commoi
Council of that city for six years. Since com-
ing to South Bend he has always been recog-
nized as a public spirited and progressive citi-
zen and he has also been foremost in many sub-
stantial acts of public charity and benevolence.
On June 11, 1891, Mr. Chillas was married to

GEOBGE L. BUSH.

vania of Philadelphia; the Sun of New Orleans;
the Equitable of Providence, and the Michigan
Fire and Marine of Detroit. Mr. Rush is an
energetic and progressive business man and en-
joys a high reputation in the business commun-
ity of this city. He was married to Miss Grace
M. Sherman, of Knox, Indiana, and with his
estimable wife and an interesting daughter re-
sides at No. 317 Lacorte avenue.

JACOB M. CHILLAS.

Mr. Jacob M. Chillas was born in the city of
Lancaster, Pa.. November 27, 1858. He is the
son of James Humes Chillas and Elizabeth
(Milleysach) Chillas. His father was a scotch-
man by birth, but early came to America, and
for years was the master mechanic of the great
shops of the Pennsylvania Railroad. He was
killed when in the United States service, during
the rebellion, at Harrison's Landing, Virginia,
on November 16, 1862. The son, then but four
years old, was placed by his mother in the
Home for Friendless Children at Lancaster,
Pa., where he received his early education, and
he was afterward transferred to the Mt. Joy
Soldier's Orphans Asylum, where he remained

JACOB M. CHILLAS.

Miss Lydia Studebaker, a daughter of Henry
and Susan Studebaker, of this city, and has a
family of two beautiful and interesting children.
Gertrude, who was born in April 1894 and

SOUTH BEND.

269

Henry, born in July 1899. He is a member of
the Masonic and Odd Fellows fraternities and
the Commercial-Athletic Club, and has been
treasurer of the Board of Masonic Trustees for
five years. He is also the president of the Bow-
man Cemetery Company. Mr. Chillas with his
estimable wife and family resides at No. 517
South Main street.

GEORGE B. AND JOHN D. BEITNER.

For nearly fifty years the name of Beitner
has been prominently identified with the mer-
cantile community of South Bend. Forty eight
years ago Mr. John G. Beitner commenced bus-
iness in this city and today his two sons are
successfully conducting the business so auspic-
iously started by their honored father who Is
now deceased. The present firm is now com-
posed of Mr. George B. Beitner and Mr. John D.
Beitner and their handsome establishment is
located at No. Ill South Michigan street. Mr.
George B. Beitner. the elder of the two brothers
was born in this city August 12, 1857 and ac-
quired his education in the public schools of

two sons assumed full control of the business,
and have maintained its high reputation in
every particular. Mr. Beitner is an active and
energetic merchant of the progressive school
and has won the esteem of the entire commu-

GEORGE B. BEITNER.

South Bend. When old enough he entered his
father's store and so valuable an assistant did
he prove that he soon obtained an interest in
the business in connection with his brother, and
the firm was then known as Beitner & Sons.
After the decease of the elder Mr. Beitner the

JOHN D. BEITNER.

nity. He is a member of the Indiana and Com-
cial Athletics Clubs and the Turner Society,
and is fraternally connected with the Knights
of Pythias and the Modern Woodmen. He was
married to Miss Flora L. Shively, and resides at
No. 311 West Navarre street. Mr. John D.
Beitner was also born in South Bend April 11,
1870. He received his education and is a gradu-
ate of the high school in this city, and then was
associated witn his father and brother in bus-
iness. He is a member of the Indiana Club,
and the Twentieth Century Club of Mishawaka.
He is a genial gentleman and popular in the
social circles of this city. They are both gen-
tlemen of refinement and culture and have
hosts of friends.

CHARLES L. GOETZ.
Mr. Charles L. Goetz, who was selected by
Mayor Colfax as a member of the Board of
Commissioners of the Department of Public
Works under the operation of the new city
charter, is well known in South Bend, and his
appointment to that important office has been
received with general favor and public ap-
proval. Since he was twenty-one years of age Mr.
Goetz has been a resident of South Bend, and

270

SOUTH BEND

has been prominently identified with its com-
mercial interests. He is thoroughly versed in
the needs of the city in the matter of public im-
provements, and his presence on the board will
be to the benefit and advantage of the tax pay-
ers of the city. Mr. Goetz is well known here
as an extensive manufacturer of cigars, and is
recognized as a business man of high standing
and ability. He is a native of New York and
was born at Rome, Oneida County, in that state,
January 22, 1859. He is a son of Casper and
Mary (Holdereid) Goetz, who were well known
in that locality. As a boy he was educated in
the public schools of his native city, and was
engaged there in business until 1S81 when he
came to South Bend. In 1SS1 Mr. Goetz com-
menced the manufacture of Havana and domes-
tic cigars for the trade and has been successful
in building up a large business. His establish-
ment is located at No. 125 West Washington
street and the excellence of the goods manufac-
tured by him is universally acknowledged. His
special brands are "Mirella," known as a high
grade article and "Mirella Jr" and "Goetz No.
1" are popular wherever they are known. He
employs a large force of skilled workmen and
his trade extends through Indiana, Michigan
and Ohio. Mr. Goetz is well and prominently
known in fraternal and social circles and en-

lic official Mr. Goetz will bring to his new and
important office the benefit of years of local re-
sidence and abilities of a high order.

FREDERICK A. MILDER

Frederick A. Miller, who has been connected
with the staff of the South Bend Tribune since
1SS7. and who is now Editor of that newspaper

CHARLES L. GOETZ.

joys the esteem of all. He was married in 1S83
to Miss Emma Klingel, a daughter of Valentine
Kliiigel, of this city, and his residence is lo-
cated at 404 North Lafayette street. As a pub-

FREDERICK A MILLER.

and vice-president of the Tribune Printing Co.,
was born in South Bend January 31, 1868. He
is the only son of the late Alfred B. Miller, the
able journalist and writer who was one of the
founders of the Tribune. Mr. Miller received
his education in the public schools of this city
and graduated from the high school in 18S7.
Having some taste for journalistic pursuits he
associated himself with the Tribune soon after
leaving school as a reporter. Sometime after
the death of his father he became editor of the
paper. Mr. Miller was married June 8, 1892, to
Miss Flora Dunn, second daughter of Mr. B. F.
Dunn, of this city. Mr. Miller and his mother,
Mrs. Alfred B. Miller, have a pleasant home at
435 South Michigan street.

WILLIAM I. HUNT.

Mr. William I. Hunt, junior member of the
firm of Hunt Bros., manufacturers of wagons
and carriages, whose factory is located at Nos.
332-334 South Scott street, was born at Trenton.
Dodge County, Wis., July 22, 1863. His father,

SOUTH BEND.

William D. Hunt, was a successful carriage
builder, and his mother was Diantha (Dunham)
Hunt. Until he was twenty-three years of age
Mr. Hunt resided at Brandon, and there atten-
ded the public schools and also learned his trade
In 1887 he came to South Bend and at once
found employment with the Birdsell Manufac-
turing Co., where he remained until 1891 when
he started in business alone. In 1893
he admitted his brother, G. S. Hunt, to partner-
ship under the style of Hunt Bros., and until
1S90 the business was located on West Division
street. During 1900 the firm erected and moved
into its present handsome building at Nos. 332-
334 South Scott street. The building is a
modern two story structure and was built espec-
ially for the business and contains office, re-
pository, paint and wood working shops and
blacksmith shops. The factory is modernly
equipped and a force of skilled hands are con-
stantly at work. The firm manufactures a fine
line of heavy wagons, carriages, cutters, etc,
and does painting and repairing, and general
blacksmithin", and transacts a large and con-

WILLIAM I. IIUNT.

stantly increasing business. Mr. Hunt is a bus-
iness man of the strictest integrity and is pure-
ly a self made man in all that the term implies.
He was married in 1S86 to Miss Hettie Jewett
who died in 1898.. He was married the second
time to Miss Ida Barnhart, and resides at No.
918 Laporte avenue.

GEORGE S. HUNT.
Mr. George S. Hunt, of the popular firm of
Hunt Bros, manufacturers of light and heavy
wagons, carriages, etc., at Nos. 332-334 Soutls
Scott street, is a native of Wisconsin, and was
born in Washington County, April 4, 1859. He

GKonnE S. HUNT.

is a son of William D. Hunt and Diantha (Dun-
ham) Hunt. His father was a successful wagon
maker, and when but a child his parents moved
to Brandon, Dodge County, Wis., and here
young Hunt was educated and learned the trade
of an expert painter. In 1880 he came to South
Bend and for thirteen years was employed at
his trade, one year in the Studebaker and twelve
years in the Oliver plants. In 1893 he went in-
to partnership with his brother, William I.
Hunt, under the style of Hunt Bros. The firm
was originally in business on West Division
street, but the business increased so rapidly
that the present factory was erected in 1900.
It is completely fitted and equipped with office,
repository, woodworking and paint shops, and
the firm builds a fine line of carriages, road and
delivery wagons, heavy wagons, cutters, etc.,
and does general repairing and blacksmithing.
Mr. Hunt is an expert at his trade and is a
careful and up to date business man. He was
married in 1883 to Miss Emma McBroom, of
Marshall County, Indiana, and resides at No.
1716 Michigan avenue.

272

SOUTH BEND

EDWARD PHILLIPS.

Mr. Edward Phillips, is a native of St. Joseph
County, and was horn in Center Townshin,
March 27, 1854, and his father. Randolph Phil-
lip-, was a successful farmer in that locality.
His father died in 1857, when Edward was but

line. Mr. Phillips is an active and energetic
business man of the highest standing and honor
and is known as one of the most skilled decora-
tors in this section, and one whose judgment in
art work is of the highest. Mr. Phillips is a
member of the Commercial-Athletic Club, the
Masons and the Knights of Pythias. He was
married to Miss Amanda Rinehart, of Center
Township, and with his estimable wife resides
at No. 611 South Michigan street.

CHARLES A. FRANCIS.

One of the most expert and successful car-
riage builders in the country is Mr. Charles A.
Francis, the able Superintendent of the Car-
riage Works, of the Studebaker Bros. Manufac-
turing Company of this city. Mr. Francis was
born in the city of London, Ontario, January 9,
1852, and is a son of Mr. Thomas Francis and
Jane (Agnew) Francis. He was reared and
educated in the city of his nativity, and when
he had completed his education became an in-
dentured apprentice to John Campbell of Lor.-

EUWARD PHILLIPS.

three years of age, and his early boyhood was
passed on the farm. In fact, Mr. Phillips speiu
nearly twenty-five years in farming pursuits,
during which time he managed to secure an
education in the district schools and to learn
the trade of a painter and grainer. In 1885 he
came to South Bend and at once was recognized
as an artistic workman and for years his ser-
vices as a grainer was in demand by the master
painters of this city. In 1890 he formed a part-
nership with Mr. Isaac Lower, under the style
of Lower & Phillips, and the firm became the
leading painting and decorating establishment
of the city. Among the buildings painted and
decorated by the firm may be mentioned the
Oliver Hotel, the Auditorium, the new Court
House, the Commercial Athletic Club, and many
handsome residences. On December 1. 1900,
Mr. Phillips retired from the firm and on March
1, 1901 started in business alone at No. S25
South Michigan street, where he has a nice
store completely stocked with the latest in wall
papers, deocrative papers. freizes. panels,
paints, etc. He employs a force of most skilled
painters and decorators, and makes contracts
for the highest class of work in the decorative

CHARLES <;. FRANCIS.

don. Ontario, where he served his apprentice-
ship, and learned the carriage wood workers
trade. Having finished his trade he went to
Rochester, N. Y., where he was employed two
years with James Cunningham Son & Co., car-
riage builders, and then went west working at
his trade in factories in Ohio, Indiana and Mis-
souri. In 1S73 he came to South Bend and was

SOUTH BEND,

273

employed by the Studebaker Bros. Manufactur-
ing Company two or three years, when he left
here and took full charge of the factory of
Brown & Pray, at the corner of Broadway and
39th streets, New York City. Here Mr. Francis
had a wide experience in fine carriage building,
and remained until the business was given up
by the dissolution of the partnership. He then
accepted entire charge of the factory of George
A. Ainsley & Son, at Richmond, Va., and later
returned to New York City and accepted the
position of draughtsman for "The Hub," the
leading monthly publication of the carriage
building trade. He next became draughtsman
and designer for The Henry Kellain Company,
of New Haven, Conn., where he remained until
1884, when he was tendered and accepted the
position of Superintendent of the Carriage
Works of the Studebaker Bros., and came to
this city. Since Mr. Francis has been at the
head of this department he has seen the busi-
ness increase more than ten fold, and has given
to the department the accrued benefit of his
long years of practical experience. Mr. Francis
has nearly 1000 men under his supervision, and
as may be expected, is a man of rare executive
and administrative force, quick in perception
and judgment, firm in determination, and a
thoroughly progressive business man of modern
ideas. He is prominent in social and fraternal
circles, is a member of the Knights Templar,
the Indiana Consistory, and a charter member
of the Indiana Club. Mr. Francis was married
in 1883 to Miss Nellie Crowley, of New Haven.
Conn., and with his estimable wife and three
children resides at 1012 East Jefferson street.

GEORGE P. WAIDELY.

Among the young and enterprising men who
are ably assisting in the advancement of the
great business of the Studebaker Bros. Manu-
facturing Company, is Mr. George P. Waidely,
manager of the World Buggy Department of
that famous industry. Mr. Waidely is native jf
the Peninsular State, and was born at Marshall,
Mich., March 31, 1872. He is a son of Mr. John
Waidely and Rosa (Slighly) Waidely. Young
Waidely resided at Marshall until he was sev-
enteen years of age, and received his education
in the public schools, which he supplemented
by a full course at the Devlin Business College
at Jackson, Mich. When he had completed his
education he entered the employ of the Jackson
Wagon Company, at Jackson, Mich., where he
remained less than two years, when he resigned
to take a position with the Collin's Manufact-
uring Company, of Jackson, manufacturers of
vehicles. After tnree years with this company

he took charge of the Webster Vehicle Com-
pany where he remained a year and a half. In
December 1897 he came to South Bend as as-
sistant to the manager of the World Buggy De-
partment of the Studebaker Bros. Mfg. Co., and
on January 1, 1899 was made manager of the

GEORGE P. WAIDELY.

department. Mr. Waidely is a young man of
rare business ability and that degree of push
that makes for deserved success. He is thor-
oughly in touch with the buggy trade of the
country and his expert knowledge of it has ad-
ded largely to the benefit of the company. Mr.
Waidely is single and popular in social circles
and highly esteemed by all who know him.

OTTO C. BASTIAN.

Mr. Otto C. Bastian was born in New York
City June 8, 1864. His parents came to South
Bend in 1S50 and remained in this city until
1862 when they returned to New York. Here the
young man was born, and in 1868 the family
came back to South Bend. Mr. Bastian received
his education in the public schools and in the
normal school at Dansville, N. Y. He then
thoroughly devoted himself to acquiring a prac-
tical knowledge of the drug business and from
1880 to 1885 he clerked in local drug stores. In
the latter year he established himself in busi-
ness at No. 407 South Chapin street, which he
still owns. In 1889 he opened another hand-
some pharmacy at No. 129 West Washington

274

SOUTH BEND.

street, and he now manages both establish-
ments with success. Mr, Bastian carries a full
line of drugs and chemicals and druggists' sun-
dries, and also deals extensively in kodaks,
cameras and photographic supplies and paints
and oils. He is an enterprising merchant and
his skill in compounding prescriptions is recog-
nized by the entire medical fraternity of thU
city. He is a thorough business man and en-
joys the esteem of the community.

ANDREW J. HEARS.
Although he has been a practioner at the
bar of St. Joseph County only two years. Mr.
Andrew J. Mears, ranks deservedly high among
the active members of the local bar. He was
born near Bowling Green. Ohio, in 1861. His
parents died when he was but a child, and at
fourteen years of age he was obliged to take up
the problems of life alone. He attended the
public schools of Bowling Green, and afterward
studied law at Columbus. Ohio, where he grad-
uated in 1888. He is an able and practical at-
torney of the progressive type, and is an
ardent advocate of advanced legislation to meet
the requirements of present time? both financi-
ally and commercially, and ae the attorney and

ANDREW J. MEAKs.

counsel of the Indiana Grocers Association he
has been an important factor in suggesting
legislation and in remedying many of the evils
which previously existed. Mr. Mears is also the
state organizer of the association. While a

resident of Ohio he served two terms as mayor
of Bowling Green, which reflected honor upon
himself and were of practical service and bene-
fit to the municipality. He also ably served as
prosecuting attorney for Wood County, Ohio.
About two years ago Mr. Mears removed to
South Bend, and since that time has held a pro-
minent place among the attorneys of this city,
and has earned an enviable reputation as a
conscientious and painstaking lawyer and coun-
sellor. His office is located at No. 121 North
Main street. Mr. Mears was married to Miss E.
A. Burton and with his estimable wife and fam-
ily consisting of a son and two daughters, re-
sides at No. 533 Portage avenue.

ROBERT WHEALY.

The citizens of South Bend take just pride in
the miles of well paved streets which may be
termed an adornment of an enduring character
and a substantial evidence of our municipal
growth and progress. In accomplishing this
result the Barber Asphalt Paving Company
has proven a most important factor. Most of
the principal streets of the city are paved with
Trinidad asphalt for which this company is
famous. Mr. Robert Whealy, the assistant
superintendent of the company, has been
identified with these local improvement for the
past two years and on July 23, 1900 opened a
handsome office in the new Arnold building.
Mr. Whealy w-as born in Woodstock, County
of Perth, Canada, November 24, 1858. His
father, Thomas Whealy. was a farmer. In
1864 the family moved to Iowa and the young
man was reared in the northwest and received
his early education in Cerro Gordo County.
For ten years he was engaged in railroad
construction work with the Burlington, Cedar
Rapids & Northern, and has devoted himself to
public works generally. He has been connected
with the Barber Company since 1890. and has
had charge of the street improvements in
Louisville, Ky., Youngstown, 0.. Mt. Vernon.
N. Y., Erie. Pa.. Elyria. 0.. Fort Wayne.
Wabash, and La Fayette, Ind.; Detroit and Sag-
inaw, Mich., and latterly in this city. Thus
far the Company, under Mr. Whealy's superin-
tendence, has laid their excellent and durable
asphalt pavements in West Washington. La-
fayette, Main, Colfax and East Jefferson
street, from the bridge to the city limits, and
a number of other streets will be improved in
like manner in the near future. The character
of the work done by this company has given
general satisfaction and meets with the favor
and sanction of our leading citizens. Mr.
Whealy has charge of all work in Indiana and

SOUTH BEND

275

will make his permanent headquarters in this
city. He was married to Miss Barbara New-
ton, a native of Iowa, who died February 17,
1901, and has two interesting daughters aged
respectively six and nine years.

PATRICK J. HOULIHAN.

Among the younger, but ambitious and suc-
cessful members of the bar of St. Joseph Coun-
ty, is Mr. Patrick J, Houlihan, who has been

PATRICK .1. HOULIHAN.

engaged in the active practice of his profession
in this city since 1895. He is a native of South
Bend and was born February 14, 1872, and his
father, Paul Houlihan, now deceased, was an old
resident of this city coming here shortly after
the Civil war, and at one time was engaged in
the stone business. His early education was
acquired in the parochial schools, and he after-
ward attended the University of Notre Dame,
graduating from the law department of that in-
stitution in 1S92. He was then engaged for two
years in the freight office of the Lake Shore and
Michigan Southern railroad, and in 1894 was ad-
mitted to the bar. In 1895 he commenced the
practice of law, and for a year was associated
with the office of Mr. Wilbert Ward of this city.
At the end of that time Mr. Houlihan engaged
in business for himself, and has achieved a well
earned success. He is well versed in the law
and makes a specialty of building and loan as-
sociation and probate law. He is the attorney

for the Jan III. Sobieski Building and Loan As-
sociation, and is also the local agent for the
Germania, of New York, and the Northwestern
Underwriters of Milwaukee, both fire insurance
companies. Mr. Houlihan takes an active in-
terest in political affairs, and was the Demo-
cratic candidate for Prosecuting Attorney in
1898. He is well known in the community and
has won the confidence and esteem of the bench
and the bar. He is conscientious and painstak-
ing in all matters entrusted to his care, and is
regarded as a practical and safe adviser and
attorney. His office is located at No. 121 North
Main street, in the Nickel Building. Mr. Houli-
han is genial and courteous and has a host of
friends. He is fraternally associated with the
Ancient Order of Hiberians, and the Knights of
Columbia, and is a member of the Alumni As-
sociation of Notre Dame.

DR. WILLIAM F. MILLS.

Dr. William Francis Mills, one of South
Bend's successful and representative physicians,
was born in the city of Joliet, 111., February 22,
1856. His father, Andrew Jackson Mills, was a
successful physician in that city, and is still
living at Orlando, Florida. His mother was

DR. WM. F. MILLS.

Sarah E. (Whitmore) Mills, a native of the Key-
stone state. When a boy Dr. Mills' parents
moved South, and he had the benefits of an ex-
cellent education. He attended the Normal
University at Bloomington, 111., where he took

276

SOUTH BEND.

a teachers course, and in 1875 began teaching
in Will County. He continued in that profes-
sion for six years. In 1881 he entered the Rush
Medical College at Chicago, and during that
year took the state examinations and received a
diploma from the State Board of Medical Ex-
aminers of Illinois to practice medicine. In
1886 he graduated from Rush Medical College
and began his practice in the city of Chicago.
He later moved to Joliet, his former home, but
becoming convinced of the splendid future for
South Bend he determined to take up a perma-
nent residence in this city, and came here in
1899 where he has been in successful practice.
After a residence of but six months he received
the appointments of physician for both the
county and township, the former office for one
year, the later he still holds. Dr. Mills is
widely known as an able and successful physi-
cian, and has earned the enviable place he hold--
in the public confidence and esteem. He is
most prominent in social and fraternal circles
and is a member of the Odd Fellows, the
Knights of the Maccabees, the Knights of Pyth-
ias, the Tribe of Ben Hur. and the Knights and
Ladies of Columbia. Dr. Mills is examining
physician of the Ladies of the Maccabees, and
also of the Knights of the Maccabees and the
Tribe of Ben Hur. He was married in 1883 in
Chicago to Miss Agnes R. McDonough, daughter
of T. McDonough. one of Chicago's early set-
tlers, he being a resident since 1838, and with
his wife and daughter, Alice Elda, aged fifteen,
resides at No. 213 North Main street. Dr Mills
is a member of the Commercial-Athletic Club.

in its managment since that time. Mr. Post has
charge of the extensive jobbing business which
comprises a wide range of standard articles
used by grocers, confectioners and other mer-
cantile houses throughout the country. The
territory at present covered embraces Indiana,
Michigan and Ohio, but the business is constant-
ly increasing and expanding. The mills of the
South Bend Paper Co. are located at Taylor-
ville. 111., and the local warerooms and factory

CHARLES F. POST.

Mr. Charles F. Post, the efficient manager of
the extensive paper and paper bag jobbing bus-
iness of the South Bend Paper Co., is a descen-
ded of a prominent New England family that
came to America in 1634. His relatives have
fought in every war in which the United States
has participated including the Revolution and
the Spanish wars. Mr. Post was born at Hol-
land, Mich., June 22nd. 1874. His father,
Charles F. Post, was a pioneer settler in that
section and served through the Civil war.
Young Post received his education in the pub-
lic and high school of Holland, and after a short
engagement as a steamboat clerk, he came to
South Bend in 1S93, and was employed as a
clerk by this company. Afterward he was en-
gaged as a traveling salesman for the firm of
C. H. Dunkle & Co.. and later for the Indiana
Paper Co. for several years, and in 1898 he pur-
chased an interest in the present business, anil
has been associated with Mr. E. C. Westervelt

CHARLES P. POST.

are in the rear of 112-114 West Jefferson street.
The company manufactures a superior grade of
wrapping paper, and paper bags and also mach-
inery for the manufacture of paper bags. In
addition to the large line of paper goods, Mr.
Post carries a full stock of candy, cheese, crack-
ers and sweet goods. He is an active business
man and manages the extensive business with
skill and judgment. He was married to Miss
Nellie P. Stanfield, a daughter of Mr. E. P. Stan-
field and with his wife and child resides at No.
821 Forest avenue.

GEORGE W. FREYERMUTH.
Mr. George W. Freyermuth, senior member
of the firm of Freyermuth & Maurer, is a
practical architect and builder of a high order
of ability. He was born in Philadelphia,, Pa.,
May 8, 1869, and his father. Jacob Freyermuth,
was a prominent carpenter and builder in the
Quaker City. He moved to South Bend when
his son was but three years of age, and the

SOUTH BEND.

277

young man received his education in the public
and high schools of this city. Mr. Freyermuth
turned his attention to contracting and build-
ing, and has erected a number of imposing
structures in this city, among them may be

and for several years was employed in the
composing rooms of the Tribune and of H. C.
Rupe & Co. When war with Spain was declared
Harry 0. Perkins, who was imbued with the
true spirit of American patriotism, enlisted
April S, in the 157th Regiment Indiana Vol-
unteers, and became a member of Company F.
He went with the company to Indianapolis,
Where they were mustered into service. The
regiment was ordered to Chickamauga Park,
and while there he was taken ill and confined
to the hospital for several weeks. He was sent
to Tampa, Florida, where he contracted hi?
fatal illness, and was then taken to Fernandina.
where he died. With heroic fortitude he battled
with the dread disease, but all in vain, and with
his dreams of soldierly valor unfulfilled his
young life passed away, and the first martyr
from South Bend to give up his life in the
cause of humanity and freedom had gone to
his eternal rest. His remains were brought
home and his funeral was conducted with full
military ceremonies the services being held at
the First Presbyterian Church. It was a most
impressive scene, and was attended by over
8,000 of his friends, and the influential citizens

UEO. W. PKEYBRMUTH.

mentioned the Public Library, the South Bend
Remedy Company's building, and many of the
finest residences in the city. In 1S95 he formed
a partnership with R. V. Maurer in the archi-
tecture business, he is well known in this
community and is a gentleman of ability and
strict business methods. He was married to
Miss Anna Bilstein, of South Bend, and resides
in a pleasant and comfortable home at No. 617
Vistula avenue.

HARRY 0. PERKINS.

The first soldier volunteer from this city Lo
yield up his young life in the service of his
country during the late war with Spain, was
Harry O. Perkins, who died in camp at Fernan-
dina, Florida, August 20, 189S. Young Perkins
was born at Berrien Springs, Mich., January Z,
1878, but most of his life was passed in South
Bend. He was the son of Harvey W. Perkins,
who for many years has been associated with
the Tribune Printing Company, and Jennie
(Olmsted) Perkins. He attended the public
schools here, and was a close student and a
leading scholar in his classes. On leaving
school he decided to learn the printer's trade

HARRY O. PERKINS.

of South Bend. Business in the city was en-
tirely suspended and all joined in paying
homage to the memory of the young hero. The
pall bearers were Harry Funston, Elmer R.
Stoll, S. W. Allen, Rudolf ri. Horst, Charles
Garwood and Andrew Shimp, all ex-members

278

SOUTH BEND.

of Company F. The cortege was composed or
members of the G. A. R. posts, the Maccabees,
Catholic Knights of America, the Typographical
Union, Perkins Club, and other bodies, Col.
Joseph Turnock commanding and Elmer
Crockett, acting as assistant.

HARRY T. SNELL.

Mr. Harry T. Snell, Manager of the South
Bend branch of the Standard Oil Company, is a
young business man who began at the bottom
of the ladder and has won success by his own
unaided efforts. Mr. Snell was born at Frank-
lin, Warren County, Ohio, November 2, 1S67.
His father, Ira M. Snell, was a prominent drug-
gist, and his mother was Henrietta E. (Schneck)
Snell. Until he was sixteen years of age young
Snell lived at Franklin and received his educa-
tion in the public schools there. In 1883 he
went to Toledo, Ohio, where for a year he was
employed in the local office of R. G. Dun & Co.,
when he went with the firm of Boehne & Swi-
gert, wholesale jewelers. After a year and a half
this firm removed its business to Cincinnati,
Ohio, and Mr. Snell remained with the firm un-
til it dissolved partnership a year later. He
then returned to Toledo, and on July 1, 18b0
entered the employ of the Standard Oil Com-
pany as office boy, and has been in the employ
of that company since. Mr. Snell devoted his
entire time to mastering the details of the busi-
ness, and was gradually promoted from clerk-
ship to clerkship and then to Assistant Man-
ager at Toledo. On May 1, 1S99 he was pro-
moted to manager and given charge of the
branch distributing office located in this city, a
position of great responsibility. The South
Bend office directs and manages over sixty-four
separate distributing stations embracing South
ern Michigan from Lake Erie to Lake Michigan,
and a large portion of the state of Indiana.
The plant here is an extensive one embracing
office, warehouses, barns, sheds, and eight
immense storage tanks each having a capacity
of from 12,000 to 25,000 gallons. From this
point is shipped any of the grades of
illuminating oils, gasoline, naptha, turpentine.
lubricating oils, parrafine wax, axle grease
and all petroleum products. Over this im-
mense business Mr. Snell is watchful, and its
direction requires administrative and executive
abilities of a high order, all of which Mr.
Snell possesses to a great degree. He was
married in 1899 to Miss Nora E. Mutchler. of
Toledo, and with his estimable wife resides at
No. 730 Colfax avenue.

R. V. MAURER.

Mr. R. V. Maurer, of the firm of FreyermutU
& Maurer, architects, is a young artist in his
profession, of rare ability and progressive ideas.
He is a native of South Bend and was born
August 23, 1873, and his father, John Maurer,
was a prominent local physician, now retired.
Mr. Maurer acquired his education in the public
and high schools and afterward attended the
Chicago Athenaeum, and the Chicago Art Insti-
tute, where he developed his artistic and
architectural talents. He was afterwards

B. V. MAl'KER.

engaged in the offices of leading architects of
Chicago, and then came to South Bend, in 1895,
when he conected himself with Mr. George W.
Freyermuth in their present successful busi-
ness. Mr. Maurer is a member of Knights of
the Globe and an active member of the Odd
mellows fraternity in South Bend.

CYRUS WALTER.

Mr. Cyrus Walter is prominently engaged in
the real estate, loan and insurance business in
South Bend, and is one of the leading members
of that profession. He was born in Snyder
County, Pennsylvania, June 24, 1856, and his
father, Isaac Walter, was a successful farmer
and land owner. In 1861 the family came to
Belleview, Sandusky County, Ohio, and here
Mr. Walter received his early education. After
ward they removed to Three Rivers, Michigan,

SOUTH BE NiD.

279

and Mr. Walter spent several years in the
active life of a farmer. In 1891 he came to
South Bend and engaged in the produce com-
mission business, and then conducted a dairy
in this vicinity. Two years ago he engaged in
the real estate business and has been a most

two grandfathers were patriots in the revolu-
tionary war. Mr. Lyon's family moved to
Michigan in 1860 and located in Ypsilanti for
several years and afterward removed to Van
Buren County. Mr. Lyon's early education was
received in the public schools, after which he
learned the printer's trade in Decatur, 111. He
came to South Bend in 1874 and for a year was
in the composing room of the South Bend
Tribune, and has been connected with that
paper since. He was a member of the repor-
torial force in 1875, city editor in 1878, and
was made associate editor, later, and has
labored in that capacity up to the present time.
Mr. Lyon is a graceful and forceful writer and
has a thorough knowledge of local events and
personages from the earlier times to the pres-
ent day. In connection with C. H. Bartlett he
wrote and published the beautiful historic
volume "LaSalle in the Valley of the St.
Joseph" and has written a number of articles
and papers of historical value and interest.
Mr. Lyon is a thorough musician and has been
identified with every musical organization i'i
South Bend during the last quarter of a century.
He is the director of the Choral Union of the
First Presbyterian Church and has had charge

CYRUS WALTER.

successful dealer in South Bend realty. He is
an active ana energetic man of progressive
ideas and a firm believer in the rapid and sub-
stantial growth of this city. He has won a
wide circie of influential friends and his
straightforward manner of conducting his busi-
ness has earned for him a high reputation in
the community. Mr. Walter also represents a
number of prominent fire insurance companies
and transacts a large business for his clients.
He was married to Miss Tilie Wagner, of Colon,
Mich., and with his family of three children,
resides at No. 719 Vistula avenue. His office is
located at No. i21 South Michigan street.

RICHARD H. LYON.

Mr. Richard H. Lyon, associate editor of the
South Bend Tribune, is one of the progressive
journalists of the state, and has been connected
with that paper since 1874. He was born near
Bridgeport, Conn., and his father, Capt. Eli
Lyon, was well known in that locality, and his
mother was Louisa Augusta (Winton) Lyon,
whose father, Col. James Winton, commanded
a Connecticut regiment in the war of 1812. His

RICHARD H- LYON.

of the music of that church since he organized
the first quartette choir there in 1875. He is
the author of several sacred songs and an-
thems. Mr. Lyon was the original "Old Shady"
and his services in political campaigns in a

280

SOUTH BEND.

musical way nave made him popular in Michi-
gan and Indiana for many years. He was mar-
ried in 1S76 at Kalkaska, Mich., to Miss
Frances A. Kurtz, a native of Buffalo, N. Y.,
and with his estimable wife resides in Chapiri
Park. He is a prominent member of the North-
ern Indiana Historical society, and is fra-
ternally asociated with the National Union.

W. 0. DAVIES.

The Davies Shirt Company was incorporated
under the laws of Indiana in 1900. with a
capital stock of $5,000.00. The incorporators
are William O. Davies, president; Warren T.

CHARLES E. CROCKETT.

Mr. Charles Elmer Crockett, the secretary of
the Tribune Printing Company, is a native of
South Bend, and was born August S, 1876. He
is the son of Elmer Crockett, the president of
the company, and a leading citizen, and of Anna
(Miller) Crockett. He attended the public
schools in this city and graduated from the
High School in 1S94. Afterward he became a
student of Wabash College, at Crawfordsville.
Ind., and graduated from that institution in
1898. While at College Mr. Crockett was th?
Editor-in-Chief of the "Wabash" college publi-
cation. After leaving college he was elected
secretary of the Tribune Printing company

(HAS. E. i Kill KKTT.

which responsible office he now holds. Mr.
Crockett is a member of the Commercial-
Athletic Club, and a member of the Committee
on House and Grounds, and also of the "Delta
Tau Delta" and "Phi Beta Kappa" College fra-
ternities. He is a member of the First Pres-
byterian Church.

w. o. DAVIES.

Davies, vice-president and H. Davies, secretary.
Business was commenced in a comparatively
modest manner at No. 110 East Washington
street, but the business energy of the managers
oi the company and the excellence of its
products soon commanded a large and compre-
hensive trade, and a larger building and
greater facilities soon became an absolute ne-
cessity. To meet this the company has removed
to the commodious brick building at Nos. 117-
119 South Lafayette street, formerly known as
the Curry Comb factory, and here the company
occupies the entire upper floor comprising an
area of 40x155 feet. The factory is equipped
with modern machinery and every appliance
for the shirt manufacturing business known 10
modern skill and invention. The company
employs only the most skilled designers and
cutters and their large force of employes are
experienced in the various branches of the
work. The products of the Davies Shirt fac-
tory have no superiors in the country, and the
name of "Davies" has become recognized
guaranty in the trade for excellence both in
style, fit, material and workmanship. All the
leading styles of fine white and fancy shirts
for dress and ordinary wear, Pajamas and

SOUTH BEND

281

night robes are produced by this establishment,
and the business is constantly increasing. In
connection with this factory the company also
conducts a modern first-class laundry which
was established by Mr. W. O. Davies in 189?,
and which is located at the foot of Washington
street. Here the highest class of skilled laundry
work for the shirt company, leading hotels,
private families and individuals is always
assured, and the business has grown to large
proportions since its first inception. Mr. Wil-
liam O. Davies, the president of the company,
is a native of Portage City, Wis., and was
born in 1S57. He was connected with the
Wilson Bros, for twenty-four years and estab-
lished their mammoth factory in this city in
1884. He was the manager of the factory for a
number of years, but resigned in 1895 to engage
in business for himself. He is well known in
the community and is tne treasurer of the
Board of Education of this city. He is also the
controlling head of the Davies Laundry Com-
pany of Chicago, located at 427-429 Dearborn
street, which is the largest hand laundry in the
United States.

WILLIAM H. LONTZ.
Mr. William H. Lontz, senior member of the
firm of Lontz Bros., dealers in building material,
coal and wood, No. 602 South Michigan street,

WILLIAM H. LONTZ.

was born in Sodom. Ohio, near the City of
Akron, in 1857. He is a son of Jonas Lontz, i
successful merchant miller, and Hannah (Heck)

Lontz. When but four years of age his par-
ents removed to this city where his father en-
gaged in the merchant milling business for
many years. Young Lontz was educated in
the public schools of South Bend and the high
school, and when he had completed his educa-
tion engaged successfully in the dairy business
which he conducted until 1887, when with his
brother, Charles S. Lontz, he established the
present business. Mr. Lontz is a business man
of judgment and high standing and is widely
known. He was married in 1889 to Miss Julia
Maurer of Mishawaka, and has two children,
a boy and a girl, and resides at No. 620 South
Carroll street.

CHARLES S. LONTZ.
Mr. Charles S. Lontz, one of South Bend's
prominent and successful business men, and a

CI1ARLES S. LONTZ.

member of the firm of Lontz Bros., dealers in
building materials, coal, wood, etc., at No. 602
South Michigan street, was born in the Stat.?
of Ohio, at Sodom, near Akron, November 21,
1859. He is the son of Jonas Lontz, who was
for many years engaged in the milling business
here, and of Hannah (Heck) Lontz. When a
child two years of age his parents removed from
the Buckeye State to South Bend, and it was
here in the public and the High School that
young Lontz received his education. When he
had completed his studies he followed the foot-
steps of his father and learned the milling
trade and continued in this line until 1887,

SOU.TH B.E N D

when with his brother, William H. Lontz, he
established the firm of Lontz Bros., where he
has since been actively engaged. Mr. Lontz is
a careful business man and highly esteemed in
commercial circles. He was married February
12. 1885, to Miss Emma Laidlaw of Mishawaka.

JOSEPH M. ROGERS, Jr.
Mr. Joseph Martin Rogers, Jr., President of
The Western Grocery Company, located at No.
120 South Michigan street, is a young business

JOSEPH M. ROGERS. .IK.

man of ability, who has brought modern
methods to bear in the large enterprise of which
he is the head. Mr. Rogers is a native of the
Blue Grass State, and was born at Bryant Sta-
tion, near Lexington, Ky.. July 27, 1871. His
father is Joseph M. Rogers, who was for twenty
years Western Manager of the Queen Insurance
Company of America, and his mother, Kate
(Gamble) Rogers. When but a child his par-
ents removed to Chicago, where the boy was
reared and educated. He attended the public
schools and completed his education at the
Northwestern University, and at Lake Forest,
and then started out in the insurance business
where he remained four years, when he became
a member of the firm of B. B. Dow & Co., gen-
eral merchants and bankers, who own and
conduct mercantile establishments in various
parts of the state of Ilinois. In 1900 Mr. Rogers
came to South Bend and organized The Rogers
Company. In July, 1900, The Western Grocery

Company was organized and incorporated as a
successor to The Rogers Company, with Joseph
M. Rogers, Jr., President, and John A. Grier.
Secretary and Treasurer. The company has
the finest and most completely equipped fancy
grocery in the city and does an enormous busi-
ness, its customers being among the leading
families and hotels of the city. Mr. Rogers is
a young business man with the kind of ability
and push that makes for success, and the enter-
prise, of which he is the head, is a valuable
acquisition to our commercial life. Mr. Rogers
was married in 1898 to Miss Lillian McGraw.
of Rochester, N. Y., and resides at No. 927
East Washington street.

JOHN ALLAN GRIER.
Mr. John Allan Grier, secretary and treasurer
of The Western Grocery Company, is a
young business man who brings large practical
experience to bear, in the enterprise with which
he is connected. The Western Grocery Com-
pany stands in the front rank and is a leader
in the retail fancy and staple grocery trade of
the city, and under the energetic management
of its officers is constantly growing. Mr. Grier
is a native of the Hawkeye State, and was born
at Davenport. Iowa, February 17, 1874. His
father, John A. Grier, was for many years

JOHN' ALLAN <;IUER.

General Freight Agent of the Michigan Central
Railroad, and afterwards the General Managei
of the West Shore and Hoosac Tunnel lines.

SOUTH BEND.

283

His grandfathers were the Rev. John Grier, for
forty years rector of St. Thomas Church, Belle-
ville, Ontario, and the Rev. E. W. Hager, D. D.,
Chaplain in the United States Navy. When but
an infant his parents removed to Chicago, and
here he was educated and reared. He attended
the public schools, the West Division High
School, and the Hyde Park High School. When
he finished his education he entered the whole-
sale grocery house of Franklin MacVeagh &
Co., where he learned every detail of the
grocery business, and where he remained six
years. In 1900 he came to South Bend, and was
one of the incorporators of The Western Grocery
Company, and is secretary and treasurer of
the Company. Mr. Grier is a young man of
ability and highly esteemed by all who know
him. He is unmarried and popular in social
circles, and a member of the Indiana Club and
the Kenwood Country Club of Chicago.

a journeyman in the International Association
of Machinists. He then began studying law
in the office of his brother, John W. Talbot,
and entered the College of Notre Dame and
graduated from that institution in 1896. The
same year he was admitted to the oar and since
that time has been associated with his brother
in the conduct of their extensive and lucrative
practice. Mr. Talbot is unmarried and is
prominent in the social circles of his native
city. He is an able and painstaking practi-
tioner and possesses all the essentials for a
successful and prosperous legal career.

ED. P. CARSON.

Ed. F. Carson, manufacturer of the delightful
game of Crolard, whose office is located at No.
217 West Jefferson street, is a native of Illinois,
and was born in Henry County, October 3. 1871.

JOSEPH E. TALBOT.

Mr. Joseph E. Talbot, of ihe law firm of
Talbot & Talbot, is a rising young attorney of
ability and energy. He was born November
26, 1873, in South Bend, and his father, Peter
Talbot, was engaged at Notre Dame college.

JOSEPH E. TALBOT.

He was educated in the catholic schools of
South Bend and Notre Dame University and at
sixteen years of age graduated in a commer-
cial course. He then became an apprentice
machinist and remained at this uniil he became

ED. p. CAHSON.

His father, Wilson Carson, was a farmer and is
still living. When five years of age Mr. Car-
son's parents removed to Iowa and for several
years were located in Page and Fremont
Counties. They then removed to Pleasanton,
Lynn County, Kansas, where young Carson
attended the public and high schools. From
1891 to 1896 he was engaged in the furniture
and house furnishing business on his own
account, and during that time he invented and
perfected the "Crolard" game, with which he
has been iuentified for the past three years.
Mr. Carson sold out his business in Kansas and

284

SOUTH BEND.

devoted himself to the successful introduction
of "Crolarrt," and to-day this pleasing combi-
nation game is sold in every part of the country
and in Canada and Mexico. He removed to
South Bend in August, 1S99, and since that time
has been in successful business here. He
deals exclusively with the wholesale trade and
transacts a large mail order business. Mr.
Carson is an active and energetic business
man and attends to every detail of his large
trade. He has won success by his own efforts
and has contributed to the amusement of all
communities. He is popular in social circles
and is fraternally asociated with the Masons
and the Modern Woodmen of America.

Dr.

DR. A. G. MILLER.
Allen G. Miller has been a successful

practitioner of Medicine and Surgery in this
city for the past twenty-two years and is well

DR. A. Q. MILLER.

known in the community. He was born in
Berlin, Somerset County, Pennsylvania, in 1S35,
and commenced the study of medicine and
surgery early in life, in Baltimore, Md. After-
ward he attended the Jefferson Medical Col-
lege, at Philadelphia, where he took special
courses under such noted surgeons and special-
ists as Professors Gross, Pancoast, Meigs, Lud-
low, Agnew and others. He then returned to
his native county and successfully practiced his
profession for over twenty years. He then
came to South Bend and has been in active

practice since his location here. He is inter-
ested in the extension of the city and suburbs
and he is the owner of several additions to the
city, including over four hundred lots, and
several farms and gardens, and also owns an
extensive fruit farm containing about 16,000
trees. Dr. Miller is the proprietor of the Neuro-
pathic Remedies, and makes a specialty of all
chronic and nervous diseases. His ofhce and
laboratory is located at Nos. 225 and 227 South
Michigan street, and his remedies have attained
a wide reputation throughout the country.

DR. ROBERT H. CALVERT.

Dr. Robert H. Calvert was born in Delphi.
Ind., November 2, 184S, the son of Preston
Calvert and Minerva (.Connolly) Calveru He
was educated in the public and high schools
and later attended Notre Dame. He lived at
Delphi until he was thirty years of age. He
received his professional education at the Lini-
versity of Michigan, finishing his medical
education at the Ohio Medical College at Cin-
cinnati, where he graduated in 1869. He re-
turned to Delohi where he practiced his pro-
fession ten years, when he was appointed as
physician and surgeon at the Indiana State
Prison at Michigan City. Dr. Calvert remained
as prison physician for thirteen years, during
the regimes of Wardens Murdoch and French.
In 1895 he came to South Bend where he has
built up a large and lucrative practice. He is
a member of the Indiana State Medical Society,
and a gentleman of rare attainments in his
profession.

WILLIAM TOEPP.

Among the successful merchants of this city
must be mentioned the name of Mr. William
Toepp, who for the past twelve years has been
engaed in the wholesale wine and liquor busi-
ness at the southeast corner of Main street and
Colfax avenue. Mr. Toepp is a native of New
York and was born at Rome, Oneida County,
April 14, 1851. His father, Peter Toepp, was
a prominent dry goods merchant, and later
engaged in the coal and wood business in this
city. Mr. Toepp attended the public and
parochial schools of his native city and was
later engaged with his father in the dry goods
business in Rome, under the firm name of P.
Toepp & Sons. In 1880 the family removed to
South Bend and the father and two sons, Wil-
liam and P. H. Toepp were engaged in the dry
goods business as P. Toepp & Sons. Their store
was located in the Washington Block on
Washington street, and they were burned out

SOUTH BEND

285

on July 28, 1881. Mr. Toepp and his brother
then opened a general store on Cnapin street
as Toepp Bros., and in 1885 they engaged in
the shoe business, at which Mr. Toepp con-
tinued until 1887. when the firm went out of

prominent citizen there. His early education
was acquired in the village schools, afterward
attending the High school at Waterloo, Iowa.
He then took a full course in architecture at
Cornell University, and graduated with a de-
gree of Bachelor of Science in 1S86. He went
to New York City where he entered the office
of the well known firm of LeBrun & Sons, and
after remaining there one year he was engaged
by John Dufais, secretary of the Tiffany Glass
& Decorating Company. Here he remained
four years and was regarded as one of the
leading young artists in that famous establish-
ment. In 1S92 he came to South Bend with
Wilson B. Parker, and formed the partnership
known as Parker & Austin, which has been
successful in this section, and has won a justly
earned reputation. Mr. Austin is an architect
of high ideals and of a progressive nature, and
withal an artist of rare taste and ability. He
has recently been appointed by Secretary of
War Elihu Root, superintendent and engineer
in charge of the construction of the new Jeffer-
son Barracks at St. Louis, Mo., where is located
the Headquarters of the Department of the
Missouri. Mr. Austin was elected a member of
the American Institute of Architects in 1896.

WILLIAM TOEPP.

business. In 1888 he established his present
business and has been successful in building up
a large trade, and in maintaining a high reputa-
tion. He carries an extensive stock of fine
liquors, wines and cordials, and is also an im-
porter of foreign wines and liquors. He deals
exclusively with the trade and his goods are
sold throughout the city and the surrounding
country. Mr. Toepp is a practical and pro-
gressive business man and is highly esteemed
in the community. He is a member of the B.
P. O. E„ the Turn-Verein, and the South Bend
Maennerchor. He was married in 1S81 to Miss
Linda Elbel, a daughter of Mr. John M. Elbel.
of this city, and with his estimable wife re-
sides at No. 841 West Water street.

ENNIS R. AUSTIN.

Mr. Ennis R. Austin, who is connected with
tne prominent firm of Parker & Austin, archi-
tects of this city, is one of the most artistic
members of his profession in the west. He was
born at Owasco, N. Y.. August 30. 1863. His
father, John R. Austin, is still living and is a

ENNIS R. AUSTIN.

He is well known in this city and is a member
of the Indiana and the Commercial-Athletic
Clubs. He was married to Miss Elsie E. Wood-
worth, of Seneca Palls, N. Y., and lives at No.
348 Colfax avenue.

286

SOUTH BEND.

DR. HENRT E. VITOU.

Dr. Henry Edmund Vitou, the well known
physician of the Electric School of Medicine, is
a native of Elford, County Essex, a suburb of
London, England, and was horn July 30, I860.
He is a son of Peter and Elizabeth (Woell)
Vitou. His father, who is now living in Akron,
Ohio, was a prosperous victualler in London,
and was the first merchant who sold American
dressed beef in that city. When he was six
years of age Dr. Vitou's parents removed to
Akron, 0., where he attended the public
schools and took a practical course in Hammil's
Akron Business College. In 1892 he attended

DH. HENRY E. VITOU.

the Electric Medical College, in Cincinnati, O.,
and graduated with a degree of Bachelor of
Medicine in 1895. He then located in Cleve-
land, O., and after practicing one year in that
city he came to South Bend, where he has
since been in successful practice. Dr. Vitou is
a genial gentleman of culture and refinement
and thoroughly versed in the ethics and
methods of his branch of medical practice. He
was married in 1895 to Miss Mary Tarbell, of
Summit County, Ohio, and resides at No. 748
South Michigan street.

WALTER P. GISH.
Mr. Walter Poster Gish, secretary and treas-
urer of the Trojan Manufacturing Company, is
a young man of ability who has built up an
extensive practice and successful enterprise.

Mr. Gish was born in this city February 3, 1878.
He is the son of William D. Gish, for many
years a leading and successful liveryman here,
and his mother is Margie M. (Foster) Gish.
Mr. Gish was reared in this city and received
his education in the public and High Schools
here and took a course in the Chicago
Athenaeum, graduating from that institution in
1S97. He returned to South Bend and became
secretary and treasurer and manager of the
Trojan Manufacturing Company, which position
he fills with credit. The company has its office
and factory at No. 226 South Michigan street,
where it manufactures the celebrated adjustable
shade brackets, for hanging window shades to
any and all widths of windows, also shade
exhibitors for stores, adjustable screens for
windows and doors, and the new patent necktie
clip, which fastens the necktie to the shirt
without tearing or damaging either. The com-
pany manufactures for the wholesale, jobbing
and retail trade. Its business extends to all
parts of the United States and Canada. Mr.
Gish is a young man of high social standing
who is well known and popular in every walk
of life. He is a member of the Knights of
Pythias, and resides at No. 333 West Colfax
avenue.

REV. V. CZYZEWSKI, C. S. C.

The Rev. Valentine Czyzewski, pastor of St.
Hedwige's church and parish, is the spiritual
leader of the Polish people of South Bend. His
pastorate of St. Hedwige's commenced prac-
tically in 1877, when the church was located on
Monroe street and was known as St. Joseph's.
This edifice was blown down in 1879, and the
new church was erected in 1883 on Scott street
near Division street, and dedicated as St.
Hedwige's on April 15. 18S4. Originally the
congregation embraced but 125 families, but
under his able leadership it increased to 1,200
families, which becoming too large, led to the
erection of St. Casimir's church and St. Stan-
islaus, B. M. The present church is a beautiful
and imposing structure and its handsome main
altar was the gift of the St. Hedwige's society,
while the two side altars and the bell were
presented by the St. Stanislaus society, and
the organ was one given by St. Casimir's
society of this city. In addition to the church
there is an extensive school on the grounds,
which is a model building of its kind. The
school house was originally erected in 1886 but
was destroyed by fire in 1896, and replaced by
the present handsome building. The school
has enrolled nearly 1,000 scholars under the
charge of an able corps of teachers, and the

SOUTH BEND

287

religious and educational development of the
scholars is largely due to Father Czyzewski,
and his clerical assistants. Father Czyzewski
is a native of Russian Poland and was born
February 14, 1846. He studied in the monas-
teries of his native land until they were
abolished by the stern edict of the Russian
Government. He came to America in 1869 and
became a student at Notre Dame University in
1872. He is a member of the order of the Holy
Cross, and was ordained to the priesthood in
1876, since which time he has been active in
caring for the spiritual and material welfare of
the Polish inhabitants of this city. He has
also been instrumental in the building of St.
Stanislaus, Kostka, church at Terre Coupee
prairie, and of St. John Kantius church near
Rolling Prairie. Father Czyzewski is an earn-
est and progressive exponent of the faith he
professes and his beneficial influence among
the Polish people of this city is warmly appre-
ciated by the church and his congregation.

R. T. BERLIN.

Among the successful business men of the
west end is Mr. R. T. Berlin, the well known
grocer and dealer in hay, straw, feed, wood,
etc., at Nos. 1129-1131 West Wasnington street.

R. T. BERLIN.

Mr. Berlin is a native of the Buckeye state and
was born in Starke County, Ohio, seven miles
from the City of Canton, October 1, 1844, and
comes of a family prominent in that section.

Mr. Berlin came to South Bend in 1865 and is
a pioneer in the grocery business here. In 1S84
he bought the property where he is now located
and started in his present business. He has a
nice store and a feed warehouse with large
yards in connection and does a prosperous busi-
ness. He carries a well selected stock and his
trade is among the families of that section.
Mr. Berlin was married to Miss Mary Herring
and resides at No. 1129 West Washington street.

DR. ALBERT E. BARBER.

Dr. Albert E. Barber, a successful practitioner

in diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat, was

born near Brockville, Ontario, in December,

1868. His father, Charles E. Barber, was a

DR. ALBERT E. BARBER.

farmer, and the son had the advantages of a
good education. He attended the high schools
at Brockville and Athens, and after his gradua-
tion he taught in the schools of that vicinity.
Passing the matriculent examination for Queens
University at Kingston, he took a course in the
Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons, con-
nected with that institution, and graduated in
1892 with the degrees of M. D. and C. M. He
made a special study of the diseases which he
now so carefully and intelligently treats. He
located in Misnawaka and was associated with
Dr. J. B. Green, and remained there about six
years, during which time he attended the post
graduate class of the Polyclinic of Chicago, in
a special course on the eye, ear, nose and

288

SOUTH BEND.

throat. In 1S9S Dr. Barber came to South Bend
and ranks deservedly high in his profession.
He is the expert examiner of the United States
on all pension applicants from this section. He
is a member of the Indiana State and St. Joseph
Councy Medical Societies and is fraternally
connected with the Masons and K. 0. T. M.,
and is a member of the Twentieth Century
Club of Mishawaka. In 1S95 he was married
to Miss Grace M. Green of Mishawaka, and he
resides in a pretty home at No. 627 Vistula
avenue.

and here Mr. Gibson shows a complete line of
all kinds of latest picture frames and mould-
ings. He makes a specialty of framing fine
pictures for parlors and other rooms and does
the highest class of work at reasonable rates.

ARTHUR G. KELTNER.

Mr. Arthur G. Keltner has been prominently
identified with the commercial community of
South Bend for eighteen years and is one of the

S. T. GIBSON.
Mr. S. T. Gibson, the well known and old es-
tablished manufacturer of picture frames at
No. 117 East Jefferson street, was born in Moul-
ton County, Pa., February 11. 1843. His father
is Joseph Gibson and his mother Julian (With-
ington) Gibson. Young Gibson was educated
in the schools near his home and when he had
finished his education he learned the carpenter's
trade and later the cabinet maker's trade. In
1868 Mr. Gibson went to Constantine, Mich.,
where he worked at the cabinet making trade
three years, and then went to Grand Rapids.
He then came to South Bend where he has since

S. T. GIBSON.

resided. Mr. Gibson worked at his trade until
about fifteen years ago, when he started in the
manufacture of picture frames, in which he has
been most successful. His store and shop at
No. 117 East Jefferson street is nicely fitted.

ARTHUR fi. KELTNER.

leading hardware merchants of this city. He
is a native of St. Joseph County and was born
May 14, 1861. His father, Josiah G. Keltner,
is well known in this community. Mr.
Keltner was educated in the public schools of
this city, and is a graduate of the South Bend
High School. He also attended Franklin Col-
lege, at Franklin, Ind., and after leaving school
engaged in the hardware business. For thir-
teen years he was a member of the firm of
Monroe & Keltner, but afterward established a
business on his own account, in which he has
been most successful. Mr. Keltner's extensive
store and workshop is located at No. 129 North
Main street, and his stock embraces a large line
of stoves, ranges and furnaces of a superior
quality, and everything in tinware and general
hardware known to the trade. He also makes a
specialty of artistic mantle work, tiling, and
tile floors for whieti he has gained a high
reputation. Mr. Keltner is a practical business

SOUTH BEND

2S9

man in the highest sense and gives his per-
sonal attention to every detail ot his business.
He is conscientious and progressive and his
trade extends throughout the city and the sur-
rounding country. He was married to Miss
Anna Smith, ot LaPeer, Mich., and resides at
No. 827 Park avenue.

DR. WILLIAM GODFREY WEGNER.
Among the rising young physicians of South
Bend, Dr. William Godfrey Wegner is deserving
of honorable mention. He was born in Jeffer-
son, Wis., December 16, 1872, and his father
William Wegner, is a veteran of the civil war.
The family removed to South Bend in 1882, and
the young man received his early education hi
the schools oE this city. He was at one time
a clerk in the dry goods store of George Wyman
& Co., and was engaged in many capacities
while with that Arm, which gave him a varied
business experience. He also attended the
Commercial College here. Aspiring to the
practice of medicine he studied during his vaca-
tions in the offices of Dr. Mitchell, Dr. Stoltz
and Dr. Berteling. He also attended Queen's
University at Kingston. Ont., for two years,
where he was awarded honors. He afterwards
took a course in the College of Physicians ani
Surgeons at Chicago, the Medical Department

DR. WILLIAM GODFREY WEGNER.

of the University of Illinois, and graduated with
honor in 1898. He was a member of the first
four year class to receive a medical diploma

issued "by the State of Illinois to a co-educa-
tional class of students. He came to this city
and began his practice. He is medical examiner
of the Home Mutual Life Insurance Com-
pany, and is a memoer of the American Medical
Association and the Indiana State and St.
Joseph County Medical Societies, being vice-
president of the latter. He is also connected
with the medical and surgical staff of the
Epworth Hospital. His office is at the corner
of Michigan and Jefferson streets.

ROBERT C. RUSSELL.
Mr. Robert C. Russell, the senior member of
the widely known Arm of Russell & Nelson,

ROBERT C. RUSSELL.

manufacturers of Mattresses and pillows, whose
factory is located at the foot of East Washing-
ton street on the west race, is a native of
Armadale, Linlithgowshire, Scotland, where he
was born May 14, 1865. He is a son of Robert
Russell, and Janet (Allison) Russell. Until he
was fourteen years of age he resided in the
town of his nativity and there attended the
schools and obtained a good education. He
served four years as an apprentice in the dry
goods business, and in 1881 he went to Dumbar-
ton, Scotland, where he clerked in a dry goods
store, two years when he went to Hamilton and
continued in the same line. In 1884 he came
to America and went to Elmira. N. Y., where
he was engaged in the dry goods business until
1892, when he came to South Bend and was

290

SOUTH BEND.

employed in Ellsworth's dry goods store until
189S. While employed there, in 1894, he with
Mr. August Nelson, established the firm of Rus-
sell & Nelson and began the manufacture of
mattresses, and the business has rapidly grown.
In 1S9S. Mr. Russell resigned his position in the
store to devote his entire time to his manufac-
turing enterprise. The plant is a large and
modern one, the output being 25.000 mattresses
per year. The firm manufactures high and
medium grades of excelsior, shoddy, and
cotton, and feather pillows, its trade extending
to all parts of the country. Mr. Russell has
been twice married. In 1S86 he was married to
Miss Maggie Ferguson who died in 1889. In
1S91 he married Miss Grace Staples, of this
city, and resides in a handsome new home at
No. 1606 South Michigan street.

W. M. WALTER.

Mr. Willard M. Walter, who one year ago

i stablished himself in the wholesale dry goods

and notion business in this city, is a type of an

entergetic self-made man. Mr. Walter was

Edwardsburg, Mich., where he began his actual
business life as a clerk in a store. Always
being ambitious to embark in business for
himself, the opportunity came in 1875, and Mr.
Water opened a general store at Edwardsburg
which he still conducts. In 1894 he opened a
retail store at C'assopolis, Mich., which he
sold in 1899. and came to South Bend, and
started in the wholesale business. Gradually
he pushed himself to the front and his store at
No. 324 South Michigan street has since been
enlarged to double its original capacity. Mr.
Walter represents some of the leading manu-
facturers of the country and is a wholesale
merchant and jobber in dry goods, notions,
hosiery, suspenders, ladies' skirts, handker-
chiefs, pipes, confectionery, etc. His trade ex-
tends over a radius of about 100 miles from
South Bend and requires the constant services
of three traveling men. His two sons Charles
B., and F. G. Walter, are assisting him in the
store. Mr. Walter is a careful business man
of high standing. He was married in 1878 to
Miss Ella Lutes, an estimable Michigan lady,
and resides at No. 610 South Main street.

W. M. WALTER.

born in Center County, Pennsylvania, July 31,
1S54. His parents were Jacob and Catherine
Walter, and his family was highly esteemed in
that section. When he was fifteen years of age
his parents removed to Cass County, Michigan.
Young Walter attended the district schools and
the Napierville College, at Napierville, 111., and
when he had finished his education he went to

PAUL O. BEYER.

Mr. Paul O. Beyer, the well known and artis-
tic florist of this city, has been in successful
business here for several years. Mr. Beyer
is a native of Germany, and was born in Ber-
lin, July 31, 1869. He is the son of August
Beyer and Louisa (Hagedorn) Beyer, and his
father was a well known fresco artist both in
Germany, and the United States. His parents
came to America in 1870, and after residing
in Chicago, and Laporte, they came to South
Bend in 1879, and here the young man attend-
ed the public schools. His father was en-
gaged in the decorations on the old Court
House. St. Mary's Academy, and Notre Dame
and attained a high reputation as an artist.
Young Beyer assisted his father in business,
and being of an athletic build and training he
was engaged as physical director of the Y. M.
C. A. for a year, and at the University of Notre
Dame where he remained seven years. He
was also the physical director of the Com-
mercial Athletic Club for four years. Before
engaging in the floral business in this city he
thoroughly mastered every detail of the florists
art at Chicago. He then established himself
as a florist and floral designer in this city, at
Michigan and Washington streets, where he
remained for some time. His present ex-
tensive establishment is located at No. 115
East Jefferson street, where he conducts a
large business in cut flowers, boquets, floral

SOUTH BEND.

291

designs, and seeds and plants 01 all kinds, also
fancy birds and gold fish. He is also an artist
in mounting birds and animals, and is thorough-
ly skilled in the Taxidermist's art. He is a
floral artist of taste and culture and his
patrons are among the leading families of the

church. When eleven years old he located in
Utica, N. Y., and received his education in the
public schools of that city, and then graduated
from the State Normal School at Mansfield,
Pa. He taught school in New York and Illi-
nois for about seven years, when he returned
to Utica and learned the profession of archi-
tect. In 1889 Mr. Selby was engaged with
the firm of Burnham & Root, of Chicago.
While there he drew the specifications for the
Monadnock, the Great Northern Hotel, the
Woman's Temple, the Marshall Field Annex,
and superintended the mechanical work in
many of the handsomest buildings in that city.
In 1895 he engaged in business with Mr. Dwight
Perkins, and built a number of handsome edi-
fices. In 1898 he came to South Bend to
supervise the erection of the Court House and
The Oliver, and has remained here ever since
that time. He is a thoroughly progressive and
artistic architect and has built a number of
fine residences in this city. His latest work
is the handsome new Dean office building on
South Lafayette street, which is an imposing
and beautiful addition to our city, and he also
superintended the construction of the new
Sample street bridge. Mr. Selby is master of
every detail of modern construction and is

PA 01, O. BEYER.

city, and his designs for funerals, weddings,
banquets and all public ceremonies are un-
surpassed. Mr. Beyer is an active business
man and has been a member of the Turner's
since 1S84, and has won a number of valuable
prizes and medals in gymnasium contests. He
is also a member of the K. O. T. M. Mr.
Beyer was married to Miss Pauline Greening,
also a native of Germany, and with his inter-
esting family resides at No. 707 Rex street.

GEORGE W. SELBY.
Mr. George W. Selby, the well known archi-
tect, has been located in South Bend since
March, 1898. He is an artist of recognized
ability in his profession, and first came to
South Bend to superintend the erection of the
new Court House, as the representative of
Messrs. Shepley, Rutan & Coolidge, the archi-
tects. His valuable work during the construc-
tion of that edifice was acknowleged by all.
Later he superintended the building of the
Oliver hotel. Mr. Selby was born in Meck-
lenberg, N. Y., near Cornell University, April
21, 1859. His father was Rev. William James
Selby, a clergyman of the Methodist Episcopal

GEORGE W. SELBY.

prompt and conscientious in every undertak-
ing entrusted to him, and enjoys the confi-
dence of the community. He was married to
Miss Luella Holdredge, of Frankfort, N. Y.,
and his residence and studio is located at No.
112 Garfield court.

29-2

SOUTH BEND.

RALPH H. KUSS.
Mr. Ralph H. Kuss, the popular druggist who
conducts a large and successful business at the
corner of South Michigan and Sample streets,
was born in Laporte County, November 19, 1S69.
His father, August Kuss, was a successful
farmer- in that county, and his mother was
Caroline (Wiesjahn) Kuss. When a child but
one year of age his parents removed to this
city, and here the young man was reared and
here he has achieved a well earned business
success. He was educated in the public
schools of this city and took a thorough busi-
ness course at the South Bend Commercial
College. When he had completed his education
he entered the employ of the Studebaker Bros.
Manufacturing Company, where he remained
three years. He then entered the drug store of
George T. Alexander, where he remained six
years and thoroughly learned every detail of the
exacting profession. In 1892 Mr. Kuss estab-
lished the firm of R. H. Kuss & Co. The store
is nicely fitted and completely stocked with a
full line of drugs and chemicals, patent and
proprietary articles, toilet articles, stationery,
cigars, etc. Mr. Kuss makes a specialty of
preparing physicians' prescriptions and difficult
family formulas. He enjoys the esteem of all

popularity in the social and fraternal circles jf
the city and is a member of the Maccabees and
Knights of Columbia.

ED. MUESSEL.
Mr. Ed. Muessel, who is the President of the
Muessel Brewing Company, is an active busi-
ness man, and well known in the commercial
circles of this city. He is a native of South

RALPH H. KUSS.

and has a large trade. Mr. Kuss was married
in 1898 to Miss Otilla Pabst. of this city, and
with his estimable wife resides at No. 1215
South Michigan street. He is a young man of

ED. ML'ESSEI..

Bend, and was born January 3, 1857. He is a
son of Christopher Muessel, the founder of the
company, who died in this city in 1S94. He is
a native of Arzberg, Germany, and came to this
city in 1S52, where he established a brewery
near the corner of Vistula avenue and St.
Joseph street, and a portion of the old plant is
still standing. His mother was Christina
Muessel. and she was also native of Germany.
Young Muessel attended the public schools of
this city, and on the completion of his educa-
tion entered the employ of his father in the
brewery and learned every detail of the busi-
ness. As his father advanced in years Mr.
Muessel assumed the major portion of the
management of the brewery and largely directed
its business. The Muessel Brewing Company
was incorporated in 1893, with Christopher
Muessel as president, but at his death in 1891
Mr. Ed. Muessel assumed the presidency and
has held it to the present time. In addition to
his interest in the breweryhe is also extensively
engaged in the wholesale wine and liquor busi-
ness. He is an energetic and straightforward

SOUTH BEND

293

business man, and is popular in the community.
He was married in 1889 to Miss Mary Miller
and resides au No. 619 Vistula avenue.

S. S. BNNIS.
Mr. Safrenus S. Ennis, one of South Bend's
successful architects, is a native of Center-
ville, St. Joseph County, Mich., and was born
November 27, 1847. He is a son of David
Ennis, a successful contractor and builder,
and Eliza (Magee) Ennis. As a boy he at-
tended the public and high schools in his na-
tive town, and there learned the carpenter's
trade. For ten yea:s he was engaged in this
line at Lansing, Mich., and at Marsellus, Mich.,
and for two years was in the grain trade. In
1883 he went to Danville, 111., and took up
architecture, which with his expert knowledge
of building he has made a success. His work
is highly creditable and his designs show study
and the best ideas in modern architecture. He
has erected many fine buildings here among
them being the residence of Frank Kies, B.
Sackman. Ralph Smith, Henry Larner, W. D.
Carpenter, W. A. Macon, Otto Zipperer. and
others. He also designed the First National
Bank of Mishawaka, and the residences of
Messrs. Fuller and Webster, and prepared

ARTHUR M. RUSSELL.
Mr. Arthur M. Russell, the well known under-
taker of South Bend is a native of Michigan and
was born in Allegan County, February 16, 1873.
After attending tne public schools in the vicin-
ity of his home, he came to South Bend on
January 1, 1893, and was employed as assistant

s. s. ENNIS.
plans for school buildings at Danville, Catlin,
Sidney and Potomac, ill., and Cayuga and
West Lebanon, Ind. Mr. Ennis was married
in 1871 to Miss Mary Webster, and resides at
No. 410 Wood street.

ARTHUR M. RUSSELL.

to Mr. D. E. Huntsinger, who was then
prominently engaged in the undertaking busi-
ness. On June 1, 1898, Mr. Russell established
himself in business on his own account, and
has won a justiy earned success. His hand-
somely appointed office and warerooms are
located in the Inwood building, No. 307 South
Michigan street, and are equipped with every
modern suggestion for this delicate and im-
portant business, and for the perfect embalming
of the bodies placed under his care. He also
carries, at all times, a complete and extensive
stock of caskets and funeral supplies. Mr.
Russell is a dmy licensed embalmer and has
been granted a diploma by Clark's Schooi of
Embalming, which is recognized by all the
health authorities in the state. He has won
the confidence ana esteem of the community and
his patrons are among the leading citizens of
South Bend and vicinity. Mr. Russell's excel-
lent equipment comprises one of the finest
casket wagons and lowering devices in the
west. He is a member of the Masonic fra-
ternity, the Woodmen of the World, and the
K. O. T. M., and is also a member of the Com-
mercial-Atnletic Club.

294

SOUTH BEND,

LOUIS C. KREIDLER.
Mr. Louis C. Kreidler, the enterprising phar-
macist at No. 759 South Michigan street, was
born in Laporte, Indiana, December 4, 1872.

a son ot Mr. Peter Cimmernian and Mary
(Shiers) Cimmernian. When he was but a
child two years of age, his parents removed to
Logansport, Ind. where his father established
a successful bakery. Here young Cimmerman
secured a portion of his education in the public
and high schools of that city. When he was
twenty years old his family removed to South
Bend. Mr. Cimmerman began his business ca-
reer as a clerk in the drug store of Dr. Rupp,
where he remained three years and then accept-
ed a position with Mr. Otto C. Bastian, where
he remained one year. He next went with the
firm of Snyder & Buzby where he remained
seven years, resigning his position in 1893, to
establish his present successful business. Mr.
Cimmerman is an expert and gifted pharmacist
who has won success uy fully deserving it. His
store is handsomely fitted and has a fine soda
fountain. He carries a complete stock of pure
drugs and chemicals, patent and proprietary
medicines, toilet articles, stationery, cigars,
and druggists sundries. He makes a specialty
of filling physicians prescriptions and difficult
family formulas, and gives skilled and accurate

LOUIS C. KKElDLEli.

He is the son of Matthias Kreidler, a successful
merchant of that city, now deceased, and Cath-
erine (Miller) Kreidler. He received his edu-
cation in the public schools of Laporte, and
graduated from the high school of that city i.i
1891. He then entered the drug store of F. W.
Meissner, at Laporte, where he remained over
two years and acquired a practical knowledge
of that important business. Mr. Kreidler at-
tended the Northwestern School of Pharmacy
in Chicago, from which institution ne graduated
in 1S95. After a lew months further experience
in a prominent drug store in Chicago, Mr.
Kreidler, in 1896, came to South Bend and es-
tablished himself in his present business. His
store is well arranged and fully stocked with a
fine line of goods and he enjoys an excellent re-
putation, especially among the medical fratern-
ity who desire care and experience in the com-
pounding of prescriptions. Mr. Kreidler is un-
married but is a prime favorite in social circles.

GEORGE E. CIMMERMAN.

Mr. George E. Cimmerman, the popular and
well known druggist at the corner of West
Washington street and Laporte avenue, was
born at Camden, Ohio, August 6, 1863. He is West Water street.

liKdHUE E. CIMMERMAN.

attention to them. Mr. Citmnerman is popular
with the trade and is a member of the State
and St. Joseph County Pharmaceutical Associa-
tions. He was married in 1887 to Miss Ella
Renner, of Plymouth, and resides at No. 853

SOUTH BEND.

295

CHARLES W. SCOTT.
Mr. Charles W. Scott, the well known cus-
tom shirt maker of this city, has been engaged
in business here for more than twenty years
and has earned an enviable reputation. He

Wilhelm is a son of John C. and Emily (de la
Barrett) Wilhelm, and was born in Starke
County, Indiana, January 3, 1872, where his
parents were temporarily located, but who
shortly afterward removed to Bremen, Mar-
shall County, Indiana, where Mr. Wilhelm,
the elder, engaged in the merchant tailoring
business. Here the son was sent to the public
schools and received a good education. When
but fourteen years of age he entered the tailor
shop of his father and learned the trade, and
as every care was taken to make him a thor-
ough and practical workman he mastered every
detail of the business and became a finished
cutter. In 1889 ne was engaged as coat maker
at Horton, Kas., where he remained about one
year, then returned to his home and entered
the employ of his father and afterwards be-
came a partner in the business. Following
this he graduated from one of the best cutting
schools in the country and was engaged as a
cutter in Denver, Col., where he remained
until the illness of his father made it necessary
for him to return and assume charge of his
business. In 1895 he was married at Kenosha,
Wis., to Miss Ellen J. Pries, of Bremen, and re-

CHAItLES W. SCOTT.

is a native of New York state and was born at
Sidney, December 6, 1840. His fatner, Seth
Scott, was a successful farmer. He was edu-
cated in the public schools and was atieiward
in the dry goods and grocery business at
unadilla, N. Y. He served with distinction
during the war in Co. G, 1st New York En-
gineers, which was attached to the Navy De-
partment. He came to South nend in 1879
and learned the shirt making business and one
year later started in business for himself, his
factory being located at No. 136 North Main
street. His styles are the latest and his
materials of the best. Mr. Scott is popular in
the community and is a member of the Metho-
dist church and of Auten Post, No. 8, G. A. K.
His present wife was Miss Sarah Hall of
Binghamton, N. Y., and he resides at No. 517
West Wayne street.

JOHN C. WILHELM, JR.
The subject of this sketch is more familiarly
known as Wilhelm the Tailor, although in
private life everybody knows that John C.
Wilhelm, Jr., is the fashionable and progressive
merchant tailor with handsome salesroom and
workshop at No. 136 South Michigan street. Mr.

*<r>-

^Tf^Sf^

JOHN C. WILHELM, JK.

moved to Plymouth, Ind., where he commenced
business on his own account and remained two
years. He then came to South Bend and
opened a store at 122 South Main street. He
next formed a partnership with M. A. Nemeth
at r36 South Michigan street, and in October,
1899, he became sole proprietor and has since
conducted it.

296

SOUTH BEND.

WILLIAM D. RENNOE.

Dr. William D. Rennoe, the well known
pharmacist, whose nicely fitted store is located
at the corner of Wes. Washington and Walnut
streets, is a native of this city and was born

prescription work and does a large business.
Dr. Rennoe is well known in the social and
fraternal life here and is a Mason, Royal
Arcanum, M. C, K. of P., iv. T., and other
orders. He is also a member of the State ana
St. Joseph County Pharmaceutical Assooa<
tions. He was married in 1890 to Miss Matie
Saloff of Michigan City, and resides at No. 123
South Wa nut street.

JOHN W. BOWERS.

Among the successful contractors and build-
ers of South Bend is Mr. John W . Bowers,
whose office is located at No. 107 West Wash-
ington street. Mr. Bowers was born in Cen-
ter Township. St. Joseph County. March 5.
1867. His father, Mr. Henry Bowers, was a
successful farmer, and his mother was Sarah
R. (Henson) Bowers. When ne was twelve
years of age he came to South Bend and at-
tended the high school. After he had com-
pleted his education he learned the carpenters
trade and became an expert in that line, and
followed the trade in the employ of some of the
leading contractors of the city. In 1899 Mr.
Bowers started in the contracting and building

WILLIAM D. RENNOE.

in the family residence on Laiayette street
August 3, 1859. Dr. Rennoe comes oi a family
Highly esteemed and his father, David Al. Ren-
noe, who is stiL living in reti.ement here, was
for several years ..ne efficient city clerk of
South Bend. His mother was Matilda (Ber-
tiandj Rennoe. As a boy young Rennoe re-
ceived a liberal education in tne public schools
or our city, and completed his education under
the tutilege of the St. Patrick s Brothers. In
1881 he went to Foit Wayne, lnd., where he
took a course in the Fort Wayne Co. lege ot
Medicine. When he had complete.., nis medi-
cal studies he decided to travel, and until 1889
he was engaged in this line, visiting every large
city in the United States and Canada, and se-
cured a fund of useful and practical Knowledge
by observation and experience. He was as-
sociated with Dr. J. S. Dorward, a leading
physician and surgeon of South Bend for five
years. In 1889 he estab ished himself in the
ietail drug business at No. 123 Soiun Walnut
street, and built up a large business. in 1895
he returned to his present store wnich he
fitted up handsomely and where he carries a
complete line of drugs, chemicals, and all
druggist's supplies. He makes a specialty of

JOHN W. BOWERS.

business on his own account. He makes a
specialty of the erection of private residences
and has buiit a number of handsome structures
in this city and Mishawaka. Among the fine
homes that he has built may be mentioned that

SOUTH BEND

29?

of Martin Raunbauhler. on West Marion street,
Ralph Smith, Heibert Frank on Vistula ave-
nue, L. Solari, Riverside Park, and Otto Beyer
on Mishawaka street. He also built the fine
houses of Messrs. Hertzog and Garvin in
Mishawaka. He is prominent in business and
social circies and is a member of St. Joseph
Lodge. No. 45, A. F. & A. M., and the Modern
Woodmen. He was married in 1893 to Miss
Minnie Fox, of Dwight, 111., and resides at No.
525 West Navar: e street.

HENRY ECKLER.
Mr. Henry Eckler, the well known manufac-
turer of store and office fixtures, was born in
Sandusky, Ohio, August 19. 1855. and comes of

llfcMtY fc.CKi.EK.

a family prominent in that section of the Buck-
eye state. His father was George Eckler. and
his mother was Kate (Lippert) Eckler. Young
Eckler attended the public schools in his native
city and received a good education. He then
learned the trade of a carpenter and cabinet
maker, and also that of making sash, doors,
blinds, and interior wood work. When ho was
twenty-four years of age he came to South Benil
where he was engaged for nine years as fore-
man for C. Lippert, after which he engaged in
the contracting and building business. During
the fourteen years he has been engaged in that
line, Mr. Eckler has erected many handsome
residences and buildings in various parts of the
city, among them being the homes of Henry

Boys, Charles Coonley, George Feldman and
others, also the Keen block at Monroe and Col-
umbia st eets, August Nelson's store on Wil-
liams street and others. In 1894 Mr. Eck.er
started in the manufacture of interior wood
work, bar, office and store fixtures, under the
style of the Eckler Manufacturing Company,
which business he successfully conducts. The
premises is a large and specially appointed
mill, at the foot of Washington street. All
modern machinery is used and only skilled
workmen are employed in the manufacture of
art work in interior finish, bar, office, bank and
store fixtures. Special designs and drawings
are made and submitted. Mr. Eckler has done
the interior work in many of the fine residences,
stores and offices here, and he has built up a
large and permanent trade. He ranks as a
progressive and energetic business man and is
highly esteemed. Mr. Eckler was married in
18S0 to Miss Sophia Wagner of Laporte, and re-
sides at No. 127 Paris street.

CORY M. HATFIELD.

The Hatfield Baking Company, which, by
producing only the very best that the art of
the expert baker can devise, has won the high
reputation it maintains, fairly and honestly.
The Company's store and bakery at No. 117

CORY M. HATFIELD.

North Main street is a model of convenience
and cleanliness and the bakery is equipped
with eve.y facility and necessity for the

298

SOUTH BEND

finest bakery products. The company seeks
the highest plane of excellence and manufac-
tures the finest of bread, pies, cakes and
everything, and in prices, maintains its inde-
pendence. Its patrons are exclusively the
leading families and hotels of this city and
vicinity. The company manufactures the
daintiest of ice creams, ices, sherbets, and
whipped creams, eclairs, Charlotte Russe,
cream puffs, etc.. and makes a specialty of
fine wedding, birthday and party cakes, and its
artistic and beautiful creations in this line
have won it a high reputation, and it has
catered to some of the most notable weddings
in South Bend, Nnes, Laporte, Elkhart, Lo-
gansport, Goshen, Buchanan, Cassopolis and
other cities. Mr. C. M. Hatfield is a native
of St. Joseph County, and was born on a
farm near this city February 25, 1861. His
father was Abel J. Hatneld and his mother
Martha (Zigler) Hatfield. Until he was ten
years of age he lived on the farm and at-
tended the district schools, and then came to
South Bend and attended the public schools.
When he had completed his education he
started in business for himseif. In 1893 he
established his bakery in South Bend in a
small way, and the excellence of his products
soon won him first place. With him in busi-
ness is associated his brother, Emery Hat-
field. He was married in 1882 to Miss Daisy
Payne, a most estimable and cultured lady,
who has aided largely in the deserved success
of the business, and resides at No. 313 East
Wayne street.

GEORGE W. J. KALCZYNSKI.

Mr. George W. J. Kalczynski, editor and sole
proprietor of the Polish Messenger (Goniec
Polski), is a native of Haverstraw, N. Y., and
was born January 17, 1S72, the son of George
W. Kalczynski and Mary (Urbanowska) Kal-
czynski. When but five years of age his par-
ents removed to this city and remained here five
years, the subject of this sketch attending paro-
chial schools here. He then returned to Yon-
kers, N. Y., where he attended the public
schools, and after the death of his mother, he
returned to South Bend where he learned the
printer's trade on the South Bend Times. In
1894 he went to Toledo. Ohio, where he bought
the Toledo Courier, (Kurjer) which he con-
ducted for sixteen months, as a weekly, when
he changed it to a daily paper known as the
Times, (Czas). After two months he sold out
and went to Chicago, and then to Bay City,
Mich., where he was general manager of the
Truth (Prawda) for five months. He came to

South Bend, and with Messrs, Durban ana
Elliott organized the Goniec Polski Publishing
Company. After five months his partners with-
drew, since which time Mr. Kalczynski has con-
ducted the paper alone. The paper, which is
a semi-weekly, six column folio, and indepen-
dent in politics, was first issued June 27, 189u,

GEOKUE W. .1. KALCZYNSKI

and the press work was done at the office of the
South Bend Times, until the present plant was
built in 1899. The paper has a nicely appoint-
ed office and does all kinds of job printing in
the English and Polish languages. The first
office of the paper was a small up stairs room ar.
No. 411 South Chapin street. Mr. Kalczynski
is an able writer and a careful business man,
and his paper is a reflex of current news. He
is a member of the Polish Turners, M.R.Branca
of the Polish Turners National Alliance of
America, and is highly esteemed by all.

OTTO H. COLLMER.
Mr. Otto H. Collmer, founder of the business
and senior member of the widely known manu-
facturing firm of Collmer Bros., whose office
and plant is at Nos. 105-109 Vistula avenue, is
a native of this city, and was born here in
October, 1S68. Mr. Collmer is a son of George
Collmer, a shoe dealer here, and of Caroline
(Fassnachtj Collmer. When a boy he at-
tended the public schools and high school of
our city and had the advantages of a good
education. After he had completed his educa-

SOUTH BEND.

299

tion he entered the employ of the Studebaker
Bros. Manufacturing Company where he
learned the trade of a machinist and became an
expert. In 1S90 he decided to engage in
business for himself and started in manufac-
turing high grade bicycles under the style of
O. H. Collmer. The business grew and in
1893 he admitted his brother, Frederick G.
Collmer, to partnership under the present style.
The firm manufactures the celebrated Collmer
bicycles, than which there is none better made.
The firm also deals in a variety of bicycle sup-
plies. A special branch of manufacture is
the celebrated Collmer hub, which is used by
the leading manufacturers in all parts of the
country. These hubs possess many merits,
and are strongly made and highly finished.
The firm also manufactures cutter wheels and
sprockets. These products are shipped to all
parts of the United States and exported to
foreign countries. The firm does a large busi-

is a native of South Bend, and was born in
this city, in a house located where his business
now stands, November 15, 1873. He is a son
of George Collmer, who was engaged in the

OTTO_H. COLLMER.

ness and has branches at No. 105 Beekman
street, New York City, and at No. 40 Dearborn
street, Chicago. Mr. Collmer is widely known
as an energetic and capable business man and
is highly esteemed. He was married in 1895
to Miss Ida Sholly of this city.

FREDERICK G. COLLMER.
Mr. Frederick G. Collmer, of the widely
known Aim of Collmer Bros., manufacturers of
bicycles, etc., at Nos. 105-109 Vistula avenue,

FREDERICK G. COLLMER.

shoe business here, and Caroline (Fassnachtj
Collmer. Young Collmer was educated in the
public schools here and in the high school,
and when he had concluded his education he
learned the trade of a machinist at the Stude-
baker Bros. Manufacturing Company, where
he worked until 1893, when he associated him-
self with his brother, Otto H. Collmer, in the
manufacture of bicycles, under the present
style of firm. The line of manufacture in-
cludes the famous Collmer bicycles, also
sprockets, patent hubs and cutter wheels. The
firm employs fifteen skilled workmen and
ships its products to all parts of the United
States and to foreign countries, and has branch
offices at No. 40 Dearborn street, Chicago, and
No. 105 Beekman street. New York. Mr.
Collmer is a careful and enterprising business
man and an expert machinist. He is single
and highly esteemed and popular in business
and social circles.

BERNARD J. ENGELDRUM.
Mr. Bernard J. Engeldrum, manufacturer of
fine cigars at No. 134 North Main street, is a
native of Brooklyn, N. Y. where he was born
September 7, 1866. He is a son of Jacob Engei-
drum, and Annie Marie (Reisacher) Engeldrum.
When a child his parents removed to South

300

SOUTH BEND

Bend, where he was educated in the public
schools of our city. When he had completed
his education he entered the employ of the
South Bend Toy Company. He was next em-
ployed by the Singer Sewing Machine Company.
In 1893 he started in the business of manufac-
turing cigars, and in this line he has been high-
ly successful and built up a large trade. He
makes only a high grade of hand made goods,
and employs a large force of skilled workmen.
A leading and popular brand of his goods is
the "Star Banner," a hand made ten cent cigar,
made of the choicest selected tobacco. He also
makes the popular "Senator," and "Gilt edge,"
both nickel goods. Mr. Engeldrum makes
special brands to order for dealers. He is a
business man of high standing and esteemed

BERNARD .1. ENGEJLDRUM.

by all. He was married in 1895 to Miss Lena
Crepeau, and is prominent in social circles, and
is a member of the Turners, the Mannerchor,
and the Elks.

REV. E. RACZYNSKI. C. S. C.
The Rev. E. Raczynski. C. S. C, pastor of St.
Casimir's. one of the leading catholic churches
of South Bend, is a pastor who has not only en-
deared himself to his large congregation but
to the entire community. Father Raczynski
is a native of Poland and was born in 1868. He
was educated in his native land and early in
life evinced a desire to enter the priesthood.
He finished his classical education abroad and

in 1887 he came to America. His theosophical
and theological education was received at Notre
Dame, and at St. Francis Seminary in Wiscon-
sin, and at St. Meinrad Seminary in Indiana.

REV. E. RACZYNSKI, C. S. ('.

completing them at Notre Dame. On January
i.. 1^94 he was ordained to the presithood by
the Rt. Rev. Joseph Radamacher of Fort
Wayne, Ind. His first appointment was as as-
sistant at St. Hedwige's church in this city.
where he remained until July 1895 when he went
to the Holy Trinity church in Chicago where
he remained as assistant pastor until July 189S
He returned to this city and to St. Hedwige's
where he remained until April 16, 1899 when
he was appointed pastor of St. Casimir's parish,
which he has been successful in building up.
The church is one of the largest in the city and
the parish house is a commodious brick struc-
ture. The church is used both for divine wor-
ship and school purposes. In the school both
Polish and English are taught. Father Raczyn-
ski is a most worthy pastor and is filled with ;i
ambition to promote and advance his people
and is loved by all who know him.

THAD. Al. TALCOTT, JR.

Among the late additions to the bar of St.
Joseph County is Mr. Thaddeus Mead Talcott,
Jr., a young attorney of rare mental attain-
ment whose energy vouchsafes future success
in his honored profession. Mr. Ta.cott is a

SOUTH BEND.

:i01

native of the Buckeye state and was born in
Cleveland, Ohio, October 18, 1875. When a
child, three years of age, nis parents removed
to Chicago, where he was reared. His father.
Thaddeus M. Talcott. was a wholesale mer-
chant, and his mother was Nellie S. (Rodney)
Talcott, and both his parents were natives of
the Empire state, and their parents of Con-
necticut. Young Talcott attended the public
schools at Chicago, and then took a literary
and law course at the Northwestern Universi-
ty, where he graduated in 1896 with the law
degree. He then took a post graduate course
at Yale College, graduating in 1897 with a
degree of L. L. M. While at Yale he also did
literary work. He then returned to Chicago
where he began the practice of his profession,
and became a member of the Cook County Bar
Association. In August, 1900. he came to
South Bend and opened an office at No. 7
Oliver Opera House block and began the gen-
eral practice of law. Mr. Talcott is well-
grounded in the law and a student who is

born at Garden Prairie, Boone County. Octo-
ber 21, 1867. His father was George Davey,
a foreman in the construction department of
the Chicago & Northwestern Railway Company,
and his mother was Lucy (Catchpool) Davey.
As a boy young Davey was educated in the
public schoo's at home, and while attending

THAD. M. TALCOTT .11!

constantly reading. He is a Mason, a Knight
Templar and is a member of the Alumni As-
sociation of the Northwestern University and
Sons of the American Revolution, and an
active member of the Commercial Athlenc Club.

CHARLES A. DAVEY.
Mr. Charles A. Davey, a prominent attorney
of South Bend, is a native of Illinois, and was

.--•

CHARLES A. DAVEY.

school devoted himself to mechanics to which
he inclined. When he left school he en-
tered the machine shops of the Chicago &
Northwestern Railway Company at Belvidere,
111., where he learned the details of locomotive
construction. His ambition next turned to
locomotive engineering, and oeiore ne was
twenty-one years of age he ran a locomotive on
the Northwestern system, where ne remained
four years, and was the youngest engineer on
the road. Mr. Davey became the champion
of organized labor on the division and was con-
sequently asked to resign his position, which
he cheerfully did. He then began reviving
his schoo, work, and entered the law depart-
ment of the Indiana Normal School at Valpa-
raiso. Completing his law course he came to
South Bend in 1897 where he has been an
earnest worker in his profession since. Mr.
Davey practices general and patent causes and
is well grounded in the law.

302

SOUTH BEND.

ISAAC LOWER.

Mr. Isaac Lower has been identified with the
painting and decorating business in South
Bend for the past twenty years, and is recog-
nized as one ot the most successful members
of this artistic profession. He is a native of
Ohio, and was born in Coshocton County. No-
vember 23, 1S62. His father, Jonas Lower,
was a successful farmer, who removed to St.
Joseph County, Ind., in 1863. Mr. Lower re-
ceived his early education in the public schools
of this county, and afterwards served an ap-
prenticeship in the painters trade in which he
became most proficient. He came to South
Bend in 1880 and for the past twenty years
has been in business for himself. In 1890 he
formed a partnership with Edward Phillips,
and was located at No. 207 South Michigan
street. This firm was dissolved in December,
1900. Mr. Phillips retiring, and the business
being conducted by Mr. Lower at the old estab-
lished location. Mr. Lower carries an ex-
tensive line of fine wall papers and hangings
of the latest and most artistic designs and a
full assortment of paints, brushes and painter's
materals. Among the local buildings that
bear evidence of the skill and handiwork ot

ISAAC LOWER.

Mr. Lower are the Commercial Athletic Club,
the beautiful Oliver hotel, a number of public
school buildings, the Mrs. P. E. Studebaker
residence, the residences of j. M. Studebaker,
Dr. Rupp, George M. Fountain, and others. Mr.

Lower is a progressive and artistic decorator
and a business man of energy. He was mar-
ried to Miss Julia Donovan, of this city, and
resides at No. 530 South Michigan street.

THOMAS WILLIAMS.
Mr. Thomas Williams is a practical and ex-
pert plumber and gas fitter and for more than
twenty years has been engaged in his present

THOMAS WILLIAMS.

vocation. He is a native of this city and was
born April 22, 1S66. His father, Matthew Wil-
liams, was well known in the community. Mr.
Williams received his education in the public,
schools of South Bend and early in life adopted
the business of plumbing. He received a thor-
ough and progressive training as a plumber
and for nearly seventeen years was engaged
with the firm of Downs & Hoban, which was
afterwards conducted by Mr. William Downs.
On March 17, 1896 he commenced business for
himself, and has achieved a justly earned suc-
cess. He is located at No. 205 South Michigan
street, and his extensive stock comprises every
article known to modern plumbing and ga3
fitting. He is a thorough master of every detail
of the business and among his patrons are many
of the most prominent citizens of South Bend.
For years he has had the supervision of the
plumbing and lighting of the buildings con-
nected with St. Mary's Academy, and the Uni-
versity of Notre Dame. He is a member of the
National and State Associations of Master

SOUTH BEND

303

Plumbers and in all important matters connect-
ed with his profession keeps thoroughly abreast
of the times. He was married to Miss Elizabeth
Markland, an eastern lady, and with his family
resides at No. 110 North Emerick street.

CARL J. ANDERSON.

Mr. Carl J. Anderson, the senior member of
the well known merchant tailoring firm of An-
derson Bros., more popularly known as "The
Anderson's," has won a high reputation in his
particular line of business in this city. Mr.
Anderson was born in the southern part of
Sweden, April 24, 1864, and his father, Peter
Anderson, was a successful farmer in that
locality. He acquired his education and
thoroughly learned the tailoring business in
his native country, and came to America in
1883. He located in South Bend and for sev-
eral years was engaged by Moses Livingston
in the merchant tailoring department, and
remained there until 1890 when he engaged
in business for himself. He is a fashionable
merchant tailor in the highest sense of the
term, and his customers are among the leading
residents and business men of this city. He
carries an extensive line of cloths, cassimers

CARL J. ANDERSON.

and trouserings of the latest designs, and his
styles and patterns are absolutely up-to-date.
In style, finish and workmanship, his garments
have no superiors in the city, and they are

noted for their perfect and graceful propor-
tions. A few years after commencing busi-
ness he associated himself with his brother.
Alfred Anderson, under the firm name of
Anderson Bros., and their establishment is
located at No. 119 West Washington street.
Mr. Anderson was married to Miss Caroline
Roth, and resides in a pleasant home at No.
419 West Madison street.

ALFRED ANDERSON.

Mr. Alfred Anderson, the junior member ot
the well known firm of Anderson Bros., mer-
chant tailors, is an acknowledged artist in his

ALFRED ANDERSON.

business, and is a merchant tailor of recog-
nized taste and ability. Mr. Anderson is a
native of the southern part of Sweden, and
was born in 1868. He is a son of Peter Ander-
son, who was a successful farmer in that
locality. Young Anderson spent his boyhood
in his native country where he received his
education and learned the tailoring business
in a most thorough manner. He then came to
America in 1887, and locating in South Bend
was for a number of years engaged by Moses
Livingston in the custom department of his
business. In 1892 he joined his brother, Carl
J. Anderson, in business, and has materially
aided in building up the high reputation which
"The Andersons" have justly acquired in this
city and the surrounding country. The firm

304

SOUTH BEND.

carries an extensive line of cloths and cassi-
mers of the latest patterns, and their establish
ment at No. 119 West Washington street is
patronized by the leading residents and busi-
ness men of South Bend. Mr. Anderson is an
artist in his profession and enjoys the esteem
of the community. He was married to Miss
Mabel Robinson, a resident of this city, and
with his estimable wife and two children
losides at No. 614 West Colfax avenue.

A. C. MURDOCK.

Mr. Arch C. Murdock, one of the leading
fashionable merchant tailors of this city, is an
enterprising business man in the highest sens?

A. C MURDOCK.

of the term. He was born in Warsaw, Ken-
tucky, October 9, 1S63, and his father Christoph-
er Murdock, was well known in that section of
the state. When a boy his parents removed to
Rising Sun, Ind., and here the young man re-
ceived his early education. At the age of eigh-
teen he adopted the merchant tailoring business
as a profession and has achieved a deserving
success. He is a graduate of the John J. Mitch-
ell School of Cutting in New York, and is one
of the most expert and artistic designers of
men's garments in the west. He was engaged
in business in Indianapolis and New York for
several years and came to South Bend in 1899.
His taste was speedily recognized and from the

outset success was assured. Mr. Murdock's
establishment is located at 110 West Jefferson
street, and his stock embraces the most com-
plete assortment of the latest styles of imported
and domestic cloths and cassimers to be found
in any city of the west. His styles and the
finish of his garments are unsurpassed and he
is a leader and authority in his line in South
Bend and is popular in the community. Mr.
Murdock is a member of the Commercial-Ath-
letic Club. He was married to Miss Daisy M.
Hawkins, of Richmond, Ind., and with his wife
and family resides at 462 Vistula avenue.

JOHN W. WITTNER.

Mr. John W. Wittner, manufacturing confec-
tioner, is a native of the Keystone state, and
was horn at Buttstown, Pa., April 23. I860. His
father was David Wittner and his mother was
Rachel Wittner. When three years of age his
parents came to South Bend, and here he was
reared and has since lived. He received his
education in the public schools, and when he
was fourteen years of age began driving a gro-
cery wagon. He was honest and later secured
a position in a dry goods store where he re-
mained two years. Mr. Wittner next engaged
in the milk business and then began the manti-

m *mi

JOHN W. WITTNER.

facture of fine ice cream. In 1S91 he started in
his present business and three years ago he
moved to No. 531 South Michigan street, where

SOUTH BEND.

305

he has a large and finely appointed store and
factory- He maKes all kinds of fine candies,
and makes a specialty of pure and delicious ice
cream and ices. Mr. Wittner has ouilt up a
high reputation for his ice cream and supplies
the leading families and hotels. He also does
a large retail trade and has fine ice cream par-
lors. Mr. Wittner is widely known and highly
esteemed and was married in 1881 to Miss Car-
rie A. McCleas. and resides at No. 531 South
Michigan street.

WILLIAM H. PARRY.
Mr. W. H. Parry, widely known in this sec-
tion as a fresco painter and decorator, whose
office is located at No. 728 South Michigan
street, is a native of the Buckeye state and
was born at Columbus, Ohio, January 20, I860.
He is a son of David Parry, a well known and
successful stock dealer in that section. After
the death of his father he came to South Bend
with his mother, and here he was reared. He
received his early education in the public
schools of this city and then attended the
Valparaiso Normal School, at Valparaiso. Ind.
Completing his education he learned the fresco
and paper hanging trade and became an expert

and residences in this section. Mr. Parry's
work is of the high art class and he is widely
known in this section. He is a bachelor and
popular in social circles and in fiaternal cir-
cles and is a member of the B. P. O. E., Turners
and Modern Woodmen. He resides with his
mother, Mrs. Mary W. Hill, at No. 728 South
Michigan street.

GEORGE WALDSMITH.
Mr. George Waldsmith, is a native of Indiana,
and was born on a farm four miles from Lib-
erty, in Liberty Township. St. Joseph County,

■'

^VC/ y

WILLIAM H. PARRY.

in that line, and in 1891 started in business
for himself. He has been most successful
and has completed many large contracts in
fresco wo.k, decorating and paper hanging.
Mr. Parry did the elegant fresco work and
painting in many public halls, opera houses

GEORGE WALDSMITH.

June 11. 1S38. He was a son of Peter Wald-
smith, a pioneer farmer of this locality and the
builder and owner of the first saw mill in this
section of the state. His mother was Susan
(Gebhart) Waldsmith, and both of his parents
were natives of Ohio and settled in this county
in 1S35. Young Waldsmith had few advantages
for schooling, and when he was but twelve
years of age he took charge of the saw mill.
When a boy he hauled lumber to South Bend
twelve miles distant. In 1869 he was married
to Miss Maggie Lauer, a native of Ohio, and
continued living on the farm until 1882, when
on account of the ill health of his wife he went
to California and then to Salem, Oregon. At
the latter place he had charge of a large lumber
yard for a year and a half. In November 1883
he returned to South Bend and started in the
wood and coal business at No. 335-341 South
Scott street, corner of Division street. The

306

SOUTH BEND.

premises are large and nicely fitted and he
handles Lehigh and Scranton coal, wood, hay.
straw, feed, etc., and does a large business. Mr.
Waldsmith is a business man of strict integrity
and high standing and is esteemed by all. He
has two children, a daughter married to F. P.
Fields of this city, and a son, who is engage.!
in teaching music.

GEORGE E. TAYLOR.

Mr. George E. Taylor, the well known manu-
facturer of saddlery and harness, and dealer

GEORGE E. TAYLOR.

in horse goods, trunks and satchels, has been
in successful business in this city for the past
ten years. He was born in Manchester, Eng-
land, April 11, 1845, and is the son of John S.
Taylor. In 1851 his father came to America
and located in Philadelphia where the young
man received his early education. His father
was in the United States Navy during the re-
bellion and was attached to the steamer St.
Louis, and died during the war. On March
4, 1857, he left home and entered the home
and employ of Enoch Hanthoin of Bridgeton.
N. J., as an indentured apprentice, and here
also he attended school. He was engaged in
business for himself in Bridgeton for six years
and in 1879 he came to South Bend and for
several years worked for the firm of Heath &
Steele. In 1891 he established himself in
business, and his handsome store and manu-

factory is located at Nos. 232-234 South Michi-
gan street. Mr. Taylor is an extensive maker
of high grade harness, for light and heavy
service, and has won a justly deserved reputa-
tio for the excellence of his work and the
style of the goods he produces. In addition
to this he carries a large line of general har-
ness and saddlery goods, saddlei y hardware,
whips, blankets and horse furnishings, and a
full stock of trunks, satchels and valises of the
best manufacture. He is a thoroughly prac-
tical harness maker and understands every de-
tail of the business. He is widely known and
highly esteemed in the community. He is a
member of the Odd Fellows, and the Royal
Arcanum. Mr. Taylor was married to Miss
Sarah E. Pogue, of Bridgeton, and ms family
consists of three children. His son, W. P.
Taylor, is assistant superintendent of the
South Bend Woolen Company, and his daugh-
ter, Mary J. H., is a teacher in the public
schools. Fanny J., resides with her parents
at No. 207 South Taylor street.

FRANK E. MAC DONALD.

Among the successful and rising young busi-
ness men of South Bend, one who fully de-
served the title of "self-made" is Mr. Frank

FRANK E. MAC DONALD.

Elmer MacDonald, the popular manager of the
East Side Lumber Company, whose office and
yards are located at No. 612 East Jefferson

SOUTH BEND,

307

street. Mr. Mac-Donald is a native of South
Bend and was born September 28, 1873. Ho
is a son of Joseph M. MacDonald and Sarah
(Smith) MacDonald. As a boy he was ed-
ucated in the public schools of the city, and
when he had completed his education started
in the lumber business with the firm of Boyd
& Henry where he remained three years. He
started at the bottom of the ladder and learned
every detail of the business thoroughly. He
next went with the South Bend Lumber Com-
pany where he was employed six years, and
then went with the C. Fassnacht Lumber Com-
pany. Three years ago he was made manager
of the East Side Lumber Company, which is a
branch of the Indiana Lumber Company, the
largest enterprise in this line here. The East
Side Lumber Company has an extensive plant
and handles all kinds, of lumber, lath, shingles,
etc., and has every facility for promptly filling
orders. Mr. MacDonald is a young man of
rare business ability and high standing in the
community. He is unmarried and popular in
social circles and is a member of the Odd
Fellows and the Woodmen of the World.

HENRY C. WINSLOW.

Mr. Henry Clay Winslow, manager of the
Winslow Realty Company, is a native of New
England and comes of a family most distin-
guished and honored in Colonial history. He
was born in Washington County, Maine, Feb-
ruary 18, 1836, and his father, Jacob Winslow,
was a yankee sea captain and sailed the At-
lantic for many years. Mr. Winslow's an-
cestry in this country dates back to Edward
Winslow, the first governor of Plymouth Col-
ony, who came over in the Mayflower. When
young Winslow was thirteen years old he went
to sea and filled every position from cook to
captain and owner of a vessel. He followed
the sea for ten years, his last experience being
that of a hurricane off the coast of Cuba,
where his ship was capsized and sunk. Mr.
Winslow returned to his native state and en-
gaged in the mercantile business in Portland,
as his health was too badly shattered to admit
of going to sea again. In 1857 he went to New
Orleans, La., and engaged in business. The
breaking out of the war found him still in the
Crescent City with large business interests en-
deavoring to remain neutral against heavy
odds. He was finally compelled to give up his
business and secured permission from Confed-
erate General Bragg, a warm personal friend,
to accompany the Army of the Tennessee and
devote a portion of his time in assisting the
chief medical director of General Bragg's staff

in caring for the wounded and suffering upon
the various fields of battle. He remained
with the army until after the Battle of Corinth,
ana during this period he was a participant in
the invasion of Kentucky and saw the first
bombardment of Fort Pickens and Pensacola.
He was at the battles of Shiioh, Pittsburg
Landing. Stone River and Perryville, and at
Stone River had his horse shot under him. In
1864 he decided to leave "Dixie" ana went to
Bayport, Florida, where he oought the schooner
"Nancy Jane" for $40,000.00 with the inten-
tion of running the Federal blockade. He
loaded his vessel with a cargo of the finest
Sea Island cotton, then worth $1.00 per pound
in gold at Havana, and set sail. Near Cedar
Keys a tender from the gun boat "Fort Henry"

HENRY C. WINSLOW.

overhauled the schooner and took boat and
cargo as a prize. So thorough was the search
tor valuables that Captain Winslow was com-
pelled to give up his suspenders into which he
had sewed $2,000.00 worth of $20.00 gold
pieces. He escaped with only a draft for
$1,000.00 which his captors overlooked. Going
to Havana he secured passage on tne steam-
snip "Matanzas" bound for New lork. Whwi
this vessel was within one day of port it col-
lided with and cut in two the steamer "Locust
Point" bound for New Orleans and twenty lives
were lost. Mr. Winslow went to Portland,
Me., and engaged in business. In 1869 he re-
moved to Allegan, Mich., and then to Battle
Creek. He next moved to Grand Rapids,

SOUTH BEND,

where he engaged in the insurance and real
estate business for ten years. When he re-
turned to Battle Creek, still continuing in that
business. In 1887 he built the handsome
'Winslow Block" in that city. In 1900-Tie
came to South Bend and established the
Winslow Realty Company. This company

does a large business in city and farm prop-
and offers boni fide bargains in productive
realty, including residence and business prop-
erty, vacant lots and acreage. The company
issues a handsome catalogue witn a map of
South Bend that is sent free upon application.
Mr. Winslow has had over eighteen years ex-
perience in this business and is a careful
business man of strict integrity.

DR. SARAH F. STOCKWELL.

Dr. Sarah F. Stockwell is one of the pioneer
women physicians of the West, and for nearly
a quarter of a century bas been in successful

student in the Medical Department of the
University ot Michigan, and graduated with
honor in 1^7>;. Afterwards she took a special
course in surgery and physical diagnosis. She
commenced the practice of medicine in South
Bend in 187*;. and with the exception of one
year spent in Portland. Oregon, has been in
continuous and successful practice up to the
present time. Dr. Stockwell is a lady of wide
experience, and resolute and determined char-
acter. At the outset of her professional career
there were but few women engaged in the
medical profession, and they were compelled
to encounter and overcome the stern opposi-
tion both of communities and the practicing
physicians of the other sex. Dr. Stockwell
was equal to the emergency and she has won
tne esteem and regard of the community, and
of her professional associates. She makes a
speciality of the diseases of women and chil-
dren. She is a member of the American
Medical Association, and the State and St.
Joseph County Medical societies. Her office
and residence is at Xo. llt» South Michigan
street.

DR. SARAH F. STOCKWELL,

practice in South Bend and the surrounding
country. Dr. Stockwell was bo:n in Van
Buren Township, Lagrange County. Ind. H>-i
father was James Fowler and her mother Sarah
iKoheri Fowler, both natives of the Keystone
state and were married there. As a giil she
attended the public schools in the vicinity of
her home and afterward attended the Wolcott-
vi.le Seminary. She early yielded to the de-
sire to become a physician, and became a

ROBERT L. BRAl'NSDORF.

For more than a quarter of a century Mr.
Robert L. Braunsdorf has been prominently
identified with the architectural development
ot South Bend. Mr. Braunsdorf was Dorn in
Dantzig. Germany. July 25, 1843. where his
father, John Braunsdorf, was engaged in the
shoe business. He was educated at Holz-
minded, a leading educational institution ot
Germany, and graduated in 1864. He then
learned the trade of a carpenter, after which
he came to America and worked at his trade
in Xew York City. in 1871 he came to South
Bend and has been engaged in active business
since that time. Here he was extensively en-
gaged in the contracting and building business
for about ten years when he took up architec-
ture. He is a gentleman of artistic tastes and
having a practical knowledge of all details of
building is qualified for his present profes-
sion. He has erected a number of nandsome
buildings in this city, among them being the
Repository of the Studebaker Brs. Mfg. Com-
pany at Chicago; the handsome residence ot
Mr. Clem Studebaker and F. S. Fish, the Mues-
sel block; the residence of Charles Arthur
Carlisle, the Infirmary at St. Mary's, and
many handsome residences in this city and
Mishawaka. He was mairied to Miss A. \V.
Mochring in New York and resides at No.
221 South St. Peter street.

?::::-: n e :. z

:;•:■■•

Mr. Frank S. Winslow. president and man-
ager of the Wholesale Supply Company, one
of the largest enterprises in art and portrait

— ::"-; - :lr : .~:?:' i-i — i: :i .- . - "
largest art correspondence school in the world.

i~ i m^:-: .1 :^- ~" ~s' ~ ~ziz^~ :-. .:_. 1' : r_-
W liXXAM H. WTEXsrsmoi. GS

Mr. William EL Wansbrough. prudent of th
Sooth Bend Spring Wagon and Carriage Con
pany. was born at Alton, Ontario. Canada. Fe

pany, was born at Grand Rapids, Mich , De-
cember 12, 1&36. He is a son of Henry C.
Wins.ow, manager of the Winslow Realty Com-
pany, and he comes of an illustrious family in
colonial history, being a descendant of
ward Winslow. who came over in the May-
r. :~-r ill ~ i.; _: : - - -" r ::' r.;-~— .':.
Colony. Hi* mother was Rebecca D. How-
land, and both of bis parents were "
Z _ :. '■'■":.■ z. i .. . 1".; ;i:-:- :t~:-t!

to Battle Creek. Mich , and there young V.
low was educated in the public schools and at
the Battle Creek College. He erinced a
decided talent for art and went to Boston
— 'l-7^ he — i:- ^ ?;- .i: ;::-: :'- ----"::t
work under able tutors, and then went to
York, where he demoted much time to
;::::i_: — :r> ':. 7 ::- -l~:r ~---e *--> '-'-'—
Italian portrait painter. ToyettL who has
painted some of the most famous latter day
portraits in thig and the old country. Toting
Winslow developed unusual talent and has
won high praise for his work. In 1SS& he
came to South Bend, and with his brother R
R. Winslow. established the Wmslow Engrav-

HEXRT C. DEXSLOW.
Henry C. Denslow. formerly s

HESST C. DKSSUOW.

-i"l-: ?. -:• .7 1--- '. . " ..7 .
inner of St. Joseph County, an-1

.. - '-/.r: A ?-:t7 — 2" 1t-7_:~

- - . - 7 7

310

SOUTH BEND.

removed to a farm south of the city where he
lived until he was fourteen years old, and where
he attended the district schools. In 18S3 the
family removed to South Bend, where his par-
ents died in the winter of 18S4. Young Dens-
low began practical business life as clerk in a
fruit stand and grocery store. For seven years
he was in the store of Baker & Bro., and in 1898
he started in the grocery business and after a
short time admitted Mr. Elmer E. Yoder to
partnership under the style of Denslow &
Voder. Iu December 1900 Mr. Denslow sold his
interest to Mr. Yoder and retired from the busi-
ness. Mr. Denslow is a business man of stand-
ing and honor. He was married June 15, 1898
to Miss Amy Mabel Punches, a most estimable
lady of this County, and resides at No. 310 East
South street.

DEWEY C. LAYTON.
There are many instances, in the com-
mercial life of the city of South Bend, where
indomitable pluck and ability have won busi-
ness success, and a case in point is that of
Mr. Dewey C. Layton's Dairy, No. 119 East
Monroe street. This business has grown to
substantial proportions through the energy- and
business ability of its proprietor. Mr. Layton,
though a native of the Hawkeye state, was
reared and brought up in South Bend. He
was born at DeWitt. Iowa, in August. 1876.
and is the son of Mr. John Layton and Mary

Bend. Young Layton was educated in the
public schools in this city and at the South
Bend High School. When he completed his
education he started in the wholesale and re-
tail dairy business in this city, where he has
built up a large and constantly growing trade.
His dairy is located at No. 119 East Monroe

'Dntinuous and successful practice up to the
Jesent time. Dr. Stockwell is a lady of wide
';perience, and resolute and determined char-
ter. At the outset of her professional career
Sere were but few women engaged in the
edical profession, and they were compelled
encounter and overcome the stern opposi-
cm both of communities and the practicing
lysicians of the other sex. Dr. Stockwell
as equal to the emergency and she has won
ae esteem and regard of the community, and
if her professional associates. She makes a
peciality of the diseases of women and chil-
-en. She is a member of the American
;edical Association, and the State and St.
Dseph County Medical societies. Her office
.nd residence is at No. 119 South Michigan
itreet.

ROBERT L. BRACNSDORF.

For more than a quarter of a century Mr.
Robert L. Braunsdorf has been prominen*'-
ifientifiert with the ajchite^turri

DEWEY C. LAYTON.

I Murdoek) Layton. When a child, but three
years of age, his parents removed to South

CHARLES II. LAYTON.

East Monroe street, is a young business man
who has won success by fully deserving it.
Mr. Layton is a native of the Hawkeye state,
and was born at DeWitt, Iowa, November 24.
1872. He is a son of John Layton and Mary
(Murdoek) Layton. When he was six years
of age his parents came to South Bend, where
he has since lived. Young Layton lecelved
his education in the public schools of this
city, and then attended the South Bena Com-
mercial College. When he had completed his
education he went into the dairy business in
Clay Township, where he remained until he
entered into his present business with his

SOUTH BEND

311

brother, Mr. Dewey C. Layton. The business
Is a large and constantly growing one and
Mr. Layton thoroughly understands its every
details. He is a young man of ability and
popular with all who know him, and is single.

WILLIAM H. WANSBROUGH.
Mr. William H. Wansbrough, president of the
South Bend Spring Wagon and Carriage Com-
pany, was born at Alton, Ontario. Canada, Feb-

WILLIAM II. WANSBROUGH.

ruary 14, 1857. His father was the Rev. Rich-
ard Wansbrough, an eminent Methodist clergy-
man, and his mother was Rachel (.Orr) Wans-
brough. When he was twelve years of age his
parents removed to Dayton, Michigan, where his
father accepted a pastorate for one year, and
thence to Elkhart, Indiana, and at the latter
place young Wansbrough was reared and edu-
cated. He attended the public schools and when
he was eighteen years of age came to South
Bend, and was employed twenty-three years at
the Studebaker Bros. Mfg. Company, fourteen
years of that time as superintendent of paint-
ing. He then went to Norwich, Conn., as man-
ager of the paint department of the Columbus
Phaeton Company where he remained until
that corporation went into liquidation. In 189S
he became a member of the firm of Collmer,
Woyahn & Wansbrough, which was succeeded
in August 1900 by the South Bend Spring Wagon
and Carriage Company, with Mr. Wansbrough
as president. The office and shops are located

at Nos. 210-212 St. Joseph street and are large
and specially equipped for the manufacture of
spring wagons and carriages. The company
makes a specialty of the manufacture of rural
free delivery mail wagons for the Unites States
Postal Service, and ships its wagons to all parts
of the United States. These wagons have the
universal endorsement of Postmasters, Postal
Inspectors and Carriers and are handsomely
made and finely finished and are strong and
durable and specially suited to the exacting
duties of the service. Mr. Wansbrough is a
thorough and capable business man and a pub-
lic spirited citizen, and resides with his estim-
able wife and four children at No. 219 Vistula
avenue.

PAUL WOYAHN.

Mr. Paul Woyahn, vice-president of the South
Bend Spring Wagon and Carriage Company,
an enterprise strictly in the line of modern
progress, whose office and plant is located at
No. 210 South St. Joseph street, was born in
Laporte County, November 18, 1858. His father,
William Woyahn, was a successful farmer in
that section, and his mother was Pauline
(Heintz) Woyahn. Young Woyahn was born
on a farm and attended the district schools, and

PAUL WOYAHN

resided there until 1873, when he came to South
Bend, and engaged in the employ of the Coquil-
lard Wagon Works. He is an expert wagon
builder and knows every detail of the business.

312

SOUTH BEND

In 1883 he went to Chicago where he worked
at his trade for ten years, and then returned
to South Bend and was employed by Mr. James
H. Mason until Oct., 1898, when with Mr. Ed. F.
Collmer, he organized the firm of Collmer &
Woyahn, and began the manufacture of wagons,
general blacksmithing and repairing. In Aug-
ust 1900 the South Bend Spring Wagon and
Carriage Company was organized and incorpor-
ated and Mr. Woyahn became vice-president.
The company has a fine plant and manufactures
a high grade of wagons and carriages and does
general blacksmithing and repairing. A spec-
ialty of manufacture is rural mail wagons, for
the rural free delivery service. The company
makes a fine line of these wagons and ships
them to all parts of the United States. Mr.
Woyahn is an expert wagon builder and a busi-
ness man of high standing. He was married in
1883 to Miss Louise Momberg, of Cincinnati,
Ohio, and with his wife and son, Gordon W.
Woyahn, lives at No. 325 North dishing street.

WILLIAM M. PATTERSON.

Mr. William M. Patterson, whose handsomely
appointed pharmacy is located at No. 233
South Michigan street, northeast corner of

WILLIAM M. PATTERSON.

Wayne street, is a young business man who
has brought practical and expert experience
and ability to bear in the conduct of his busi-
ness. Mr. Patterson is a native of McLean

County, Illinois, and was born December 20,
1874. He is a son of Dr. N. Patterson, a
widely known practicing physician and drug-
gist at Mansfield, 111., and of Eliza (Ijams)
Patterson. He was educated in the public
schools at home, and then went to the normal
schools at Bloomington and Mansfield. 111.
He then decided to engage in professional life
and took a thorough course at the Northwest-
ern Co lege of Pharmacy at Chicago, where he
graduated in 1896. He leturned to Mansfield
and went into the drug business with his
father, wheie he remained until 1S99 when,
with his father, he purchased the present
business and conducted it until 1900 under the
style of N. Patterson & Son, when he pur-
chased his father's interest and has since con-
ducted it alone. Mr. Patterson is an experc
chemist and druggist and a business man or
the highest standing. His store is one of the
finest in the city and completely stocked, and a
specialty is made of filling physician's pre-
scriptions. Mr. Patterson was married March
29, 1899, to Miss Allie DeGrofft, of Mansfield,
III., and resides with his estimable wife at No.
630 South Michigan street.

M. FRANKLIN FULK.

Mr. M. Franklin Fulk. proprietor of the
Standard Electric Company, located at No.
235 South Michigan street, is a young and en-
terprising practical electrician who has al-
ready achieved deserved success in his pro-
fession. He was born in Decatur, Ind. ;
August 9, 1875, and his father, Henry A.
Fulk, was well known as a contractor and
builder, and Is still living. The family re-
moved to South Bend in 1880, and Mr. Fulk
received his education in the public and
high schools of this city. In connection
with .Mr. WSlber French, he purchdased the
Standard Electric Company in 1S97, and a
year later he bought Mr. French's interest
and became sole proprietor. He is an ex-
peit electrician and carries an extensive
stock of electric supplies and attends to all
the construction work relative to electric
lighting and bell systems committed to his
care. The Nippoid building, the Kiser &
Woolverton building, the Arnold bui.ding, the
Polish churcn and school house, and a num-
ber of other buildings and handsome private
residences fully attest his skill as an e.ec-
trician. Mr. Fulk has been remarkably suc-
cessful and has won an enviable reputation
for the excellence of his work and the uni-
versal satisfaction given by his service. He
is unmarried and is popular in social circles.

SOUTH BEND

313

J. L. TURNER.

Mr. J. L. Turner, the well known manufac-
turer of high grade ice cream and confection-
ery, at No. 232 North Main street, is a native of
the Empire state, and was boin in the village of
Nashville, Chautauqua County, April 18, 1854.
His father Benjamin Turner, was a successful
cabinet and wagon builder, and afterwards Els
health failing he moved on a farm, and his
mother was Mary E. (Carter) Turner. Until
he was fifteen years of age Mr. Turner
lived at Nashville and there attended
the public schools. In 1865 he went
to Baraboo, Wis,, with his mother, and he also
went to school there. Later he clerked in the
grocery business and then bought a faim
which he successfully conducted for about six
years. In 1875 he came to South Bend and
started in the wholesale and retail milk busi-
ness, which he has continued since with de-
served success. Mr. Turner has a fine dairy
tarm about one miie from the city. In 1896
he began the manufacture of ice cream and
confectioneiy at his present store and has
built up a large business. He deals

gins, and who is a lady of rare graces and at-
tainments. Mr. Turner has five bright
sturdy children, one boy and four girls, and re-
sides at No. 714 Leland avenue.

3. L. TURNER.

both at wholesale and retail and sup-
plies the leading hotels and private fami-
lies. Mr. Turner is a careful business man.
and is ably assisted by his wife, who before
her marriage in 1883 was Miss Mary E. Hig-

GEORGE E. GARCEAU.

Mr. George E. Garceau the expert plumber
and gas fitter at Nos. 122-124 West Washington
street, whose telephone is No. 301, is a native

GEORGE E. GARCEAU.

of South Bend, and was born here November
26, 1859. His father was Moses Garceau and his
mother Margaret (Desmond) Garceau. When
he was a child his parents removed to Elkhart
County, and there young Garceau was reared.
He attended the public schools and when he
was seventeen years of age came to South Bend,
and learned the plumbing and gas fitting trade
with Peter Baxter, where he remained for four
years, when he went to Chicago and was for
seven years employed by M. J. Carboy, No. 73
Dearborn street, one of the largest and most
successful plumbers and gas fitters in the coun-
try. During his experience in that city Mr.
Garceau worked upon many of the finest build-
ings and residences in Chicago, and was en-
gaged in the most high class plumbing and gas
fitting. In 1895 he returned to South Bend and
with Mr. Frank Hunter, established the firm of
Garceau & Hunter, which became the leading
firm in its line here. The firm did many of the
finest jobs in the city in its special line.

314

SO U T H BEND

Among the contracts completed are that of the
Colfax school, Jefferson school, St. Casimir
church and school, the residence of Mr. George
Wittwer, A. B. France, W. A. Rutherford, Frank
Stephenson, Eugene Miller. George M. Fountain
and many others, in 1900 Mr. Hunter retired,
since which time Mr. Garceau has conducted
the business alone. Mr. Garceau occupies a
commodious store and office and carries a com-
plete line of plumbers and gas fitters supplies,
and does all kinds of repairing. He is unmar-
ried and popular in business and social circles.

J. E. McENDARFER.

Mr. J. Edward McEndarfer, prominently
known in the hardware and stove trade of
South Bend, is a native of Liberty Township.
St. Joseph County. Ind.. where he was born
July 22, 1869. Mr. McEndarfer is a son of Eli
F. McEndarfer. a successful farmer, and
Lydia (Rensberger) McEndarfer. He was
educated in the public schools of Liberty
Township, where he graduated, supplementing
his education by careful home study. When
he had concluded his studies he began life as
a teacher, and taught school in Liberty town-
ship for five years. He then gave up teach-
ing and came to South Bend where he en-

E. M KNDAUKF.Ii.

darfer admitted his brothers, George and Ben-
jamin F., to the business under the style of
McEndaifer Bros. In 1898 the former retired
from the business, and in 1899 the latter with-
drew from the firm, since which time Mr. J. E.
McEndarfer has conducted it. The premises
occupied are a large store, and the stock com-
prises staple and heavy hardware, stoves, cut-
lery, paints, glass and oils, etc. A featuie
of the business is tinning, spouting, roofing
ami sheet iron work. Mr. McEndarfer is a
business man of high standing and is highly
esteemed. He is a member of the Modern
Samaritans.

FRANK F. WILTROUT.
Mr. Frank F. Wiltrout, tinsmith and metal
worker, is located at No. 122 South Michigan

gaged in the hardwaie business. In 1S95 the
firm of Dressier & McEndaifer was organized,
which continued for one year, then Mr. McEn-

PRANK F. WILTROUT.

street, and has won hosts of fiiends since lo-
cating in South Bend about ten years ago. Mr.
Wiitrout was born at Silver Lake, Kosciusko
County, Ind.. April 21, 1862, and his father,
Frederick Wiltrout, who is still living, was a
merchant in that locality, and was postmaster
at Silver Lake. Young Wiltrout was educated
in the public schools and high school at Silver
Lake, and after working a short time in a
hardware store he learned the trade of a
tinsmith. He afterward went to Frankfort,
Ind., where he worked three years for Capt.
Irving Poison. He also worked at his t.ade
in Silver Lake and Chicago, where he was en-
gaged by Norton Bros., and at Bremen, Ind.,

SOUTH BEND.

315

and in 1S91 he came to South Bend, where for
two years he woiked for Mr. Irving A. Sibley.
Mr. Wiltrout was the oiiginator of the storage
warehouse in South Bend. In 1S95 he com-
menced business for himself and has been re-
markably successful. He does an extensive
business in sheet metal work, stove repairing
and tin roofing and his customers are among
the leading citizens of this locality. He is a
thorough master 01 his business, careful and
painstaking and is very popular. He is a
member of the Masonic fraternity. He was
married to Miss Mary E. Matz, of Bremen, Ind.,
and has an interesting ramily of two boys and
two girls, and resides in his own home at No.
312 Vistula avenue.

WILLIAM H. BRUGGER.
Mr. William Henry Brugger, the well
known hardware dealer and manufacturer of

WILLIAM H. BRUGGER.

tin and sheet iron work, at No. 1220 West
Washington street, was born at Adrian, Mich.,
April 17, 1850. He is a son of John and
Justina (Beagle) Brugger. Until he was

fifteen years of age he resided in the city of
his birth and there attended the public
schools. In 1865 he went to Blissfield, Mich.,
and remained there seven yeais. While
there Mr. Brugger began his active business
life as a grocery clerk, and continued in this
line for three years. He then learned the
tinners' trade, and in 1872 came to South
Bend, and for six years was in the employ of

Meyer & Poehlman. He then went with
Clark & Stedman for three years, and after the
death of Mr. dark continued with Mr. Sted-
man for a year, when he went with France &
Gish, and had charge of their shops until the
firm was succeeded by living A. Sibley. He
then had charge of Mr. Sibley's shop until
1890, when he started in business for himself
at his present location. Mr. Brugger has
a large store and shop and carries a line of
hardware and stoves. He also does all kinds
of tinning and sheet iron work, roofing, spout-
ing, guttering, etc. Mr. Brugger is a suc-
cessful and popular business man and an ex-
pert in his line. He was married June 16,
18S0, to Miss Mary Alice Schultze, of this
city, and resides at No. 849 Colfax avenue.

CHARLES E. BUCHER.

Mr. Charles E. Bucher, whose splendidly
equipped livery establishment is located at Nos.
316-318 West Jefferson street, has won an en-
viable reputation in his line of business in this
city. He is a native of Indiana, and was born
in St. Joseph County, September 16, 1863. His
father was Christian Bucher, a well known
farmer in that locality. Young Bucher was
reared on the farm and received his early edu-
cation in the public schools in the vicinity of

CHARLES E. BUCHER.

his home. He was successfully engaged in
farming until 1895 when he came to South Bend
and engaged in the livery business in which he

316

SOUTH BEND.

has been remarkably successful. Mr. Bucher
was formerly associated with Mr. A. J. Ward,
under the firm name of Ward & Bucher, but in
1898 the firm was dissolved and Mr. Bucher has
continued the business alone. He has a finely
equipped barn and a stock of fine horses and is
prepared at all times to furnish hacks, surreys,
wagonettes and carriages for funerals, parties,
theaters and private use. His rigs and equip-
ages are all first class and courtesy and prompt-
ness are always assured the patrons of this
establishment. He also has boarding facilities
for a number of horses, and conducts a sale
stable on the highest plane. He is popular In
the community and a member of the K. O. T. M.
fraternity. He was married to Miss Florence
Ward, a daughter of his former partner, and
with his family of two children resides at No.
316 South Lafayette street.

DANIEL GISE.
Mr. Daniel Gise, of the firm of Gise & Per-
rin, real estate and investment dealers, in the

DANIKL (USE.

Arnold building, at 216-218 West Jefferson
street, is a thorough, practical and progressive
business man. He was born near Metz, in
Steuben County, Ind„ April 28. 1863, and his
father, John Gise, was killed in the service ot
his country, during the war oi the Rebellion,
while the subject of this sketch was but an
infant. As he g;ew into boyhood he con-
tributed to the support of the fanrhy and has

made his way in the world unaided, save by
his own efforts and his determination to suc-
ceed. He worked on a farm as soon as he
was old enough and secured his education at
the district schools. He was engaged in this
occupation until 1890, learned the rudiments
of the carpenter's trade in the meantime, and
engaged in building on a moderate scale. He
tnen spent one year in Neb.aska and then
came to South Bend where for nearly two years
he engaged in the contracting business and
erected a number of dwelling houses in the
western part of the city. After this he en-
gaged in the real estate business at which he
has been successful. He is a man of in-
domitable energy, self reliant and owes his
business success to his own unaided efforts.
Mr. Gise was married to Miss Alta Van Bus-
kirk, who died some years ago. He has a
family of three children and resides in a new
home on Woodward avenue.

EARL R. PERRIN.
Mr. Earl R. Perrin, of the firm of Gise &
Perrin. real estate dealeis of this city, is a
native of Illinois, and was born at Lena, in
that state, September 13, 1870. His father,
Noah Perrin, was a prominent grain buyer in
that section of the state. Mr. Perrin received

EABL R. PERHIN.

his education in Lena, and began his ca; eer in
the mercantile business in his native town,
and later removed to Rockford. He then en-

SOUTH BEND.

317

gigged in the advertising business, traveling for
the National Advertising Service of New York,
and was remarkab.y successful and resource-
ful in that line of business. He first came to
South Bend in 1893, but remained only a short
time, returning again in 1897, where he was
engaged in the advertising Dusiness on his own
account. The firm of Gise & Perrin is of recent
organization, but both gentlemen are well
and favorably known in the community. In
addition to their real estate business they also
deal extensively in mortgage loans. Their
offices aie located in the handsome Arnold
building Nos. 216-218 West Jefferson street.
Mr. Perrin was married to Miss Mae Humes
of South Bend, and resides at No. 603 South
Michigan street.

LOUIS KANOUSE.
Mr. Louis Kanouse, of the well known firm
of Kanouse & Phillips, dealers in coal and

nois locating in Edgar County where he re-
sided seventeen years. He was engaged in
several lines of business there and for the
last seven years was in the coal and wood
trade. In 1S85 he came to South Bend and
started in the same line under the firm name of
Buckley, Kanouse & Co. This continued until
Mr. Buckley's death five years later, when Mr.
Phillips became his partner under the present
style. Mr. Kanouse is a careful and prudent
business man and has won deserved success.
He was married in 1880 to Miss Virginia Davis,
of Paris, 111., and resides at No. 429 South
William street.

LOUIS KANOUSE.

wood, at 540 South Chapin street, was born at
St. Paul, Decatur County, Ind., November 15,
1851. He is a son of Joseph Kanouse, and
Angeline (Shauer) Kanouse. When but a
child his parents moved to Shelbyville, Ind.,
where his father was engaged in the wagon
making business. Here he lived until he was
eigtheen years of age and was educated in the
public schools. Mr. Kanouse left home in 1S6S.
and with his uncle, went to Northern Michigan
where he took a lumber contract and was
highly successful. After two years he le-
turned to his old home and then went to 1111-

WILLIAM R. PHILLIPS.
Mr. William R. Phillips, of the firm of
Kanouse & Phillips, dealer in coal and wood,
at No. 540 South Chapin street, is a native of
St. Joseph County. Indiana, having been born
on a farm April 29, 1859. He comes of good
old Revolutionary stock, his ancestors being
from the Old Dominion. His father, Randolph
Phillips, and his mother Lucy (Stover) Phil-
lips, both being natives of Eastern Virginia.
The father of Mr. Phillips died two months be-
fore his birth, and his infancy and youth were
spent upon the family homestead. Being
early called as a bread winner his advantages

WILLIAM R. PHILLIPS.

for an education were limited to the district
schools which he attended in the winter. When
a young man he learned the trade of house

318

SOUTH BEND.

painting which he followed for twelve years,
when he came to South Bend. In 1890 he
became a partner of Mr. Louis Kanouse under
the present style of Arm in the coal and wood
trade. Mr. Phillips is purely a self made man
in all that the term implies. He has been
twice married, his first wife, to whom he was
married in 1885. being Miss Rosella Green, of
Paris. 111. She died May 19, 1897. On June
4, 1899, Mr. Phillips married Miss Anna Kling-
man, of this city, and resides at No. 60S South
Michigan street.

CHARLES H. FRAZIER.

Mr. Charles H. Frazier of the firm of Frazier
Bros., dealers in bicycles and sporting goods, is
a native of New Jersey, and was born at Fraz-

races in which he was a contestant, and to-day
holds more medals than, perhaps, any single
rider in the country. He came to South- Bend
in 1888 and for ten years was engaged in the
machine shop of the Studebaker Bros. Mfg. Co.,
and in 1895 he established himself in business
on his own account. Mr. Frazier handles a
variety of the standard makes of bicycles and
all the necessary parts and attachments and
has every facility for making repairs to wheels
of all kinds. He also carries a complete stock
of guns, ammunition and sporting and athletic
goods of all kinds. Mr. Frazier is popular with
bicycle riders and his establishment at 121 East
Jefferson street is the resort of the leading
wheelmen of the city. Mr. Frazier was mar-
ried to Miss Clara E. Servey, of Clarion County,
Pa., and resides on Vistula avenue. He is ;i
member of the W. O. W. and the Woodmen's
Bicycle Cub.

CHARLES H. FRAZIER.

itr's Corners, named after the family, in that
state, April 11, 1S(J5. Mr. Frazier learned tli"
tt&de of a machinist and for years was connect-
ed with the celebrated Smith Machine Co., of
Smithville, N. J., who were prominent as bicy-
cle manufacturers in the early history of that
industry. While with this company Mr. Fraz-
ier became an expert cyclist and trick rider and
toured the country in the interests of the manu-
facturers. He won the championship medal for
25 miles at Springfield, in 1883, and at Cleveland
he won four medals in one day for expert fast
bicycle riding. In almost every state he has
succeeded in carrying off the trouphies in tha

O. P. NOISOM.
Mr. Ole P. Noisom has been successfully en-
gaged in the watch making and jewelry busi-
ness in this city since 1893, and is one of the
best practical watchmakers in the country at
the present time. Mr. Noisom is a native of
Norway, and was born November 18, 1859. He
attended school in his native country and

o. p. NOISOM.

learned the trade of a watchmaker in Tromso.
Norway, serving a full and thorough appren-
ticeship at the business. He afterward worked

SOUTH BEND

319

at the business in Christiana, and traveled ex-
tensively in Europe. In 1882 he came to
America and reached Chicago on August 24th.
He was engaged for several years with the
Springfield Watch Company, of Springfield.
111., and also worked in the great factories at
Elgin and Aurora, but afterward returned to
Springfield, where he remained until 1893
when he decided to remove to South Bend and
establish himself in business. Mr. Noisom
has traveled extensively through the West
and South and has an enviable record as a
thorough and expert watchmaker. In the
great factories he had charge of the depart-
ments in which the finest watches were made,
and was regarded as a perfect master of the
business. His store is located at the corner
of Michigan and Jefferson streets, and he
carries a fine line of jewelry and watches and
does all kinds of repairing. Mr. Noisom was
married to Miss Inglebarg Johansen, a native
of Norway, and has a family of two boys and
two girls, and resides at 629 North Cushing
street.

ADOLF MOHN.
Mr. Adolf Mohn, the well known wholesale
dealer and importer of wines and liquors ot
this city, is a successful merchant and his ex-

29, 1861. His father, Adolf Mohn, was a ma-
chinist in Germany, and well known in the
community in which he resided. Mr. Mohn
received his early education in his native land,
and when nineteen years of age he emigrated
to America, where he finished his education.
He came to South Bend in 1880 and was em-
ployed by the Studebaker Bros. Manufacturing
Company, and by the Oliver Plow Works, and
then traveled for a number of years. In

1893 he established himself in his present
business at which he has been successful. He
is an extensive importer of foreign wines and
liquors and manufactures domestic wines on
a large scale. He owns a farm and vineyard
of 105 acres located about eight miles north
of the city, which is in a fine state of cultiva-
tion, and here are located his wine presses
and other adjuncts to the wine making business
which he thoroughly understands. Mr. Mohn
transacts a large business which is confined ex-
clusively to the trade and which extends
through Indiana, Illinois, Ohio and Michigan,
and carries a large stock of goods at all times.
He is well known in the community, is highly
esteemed, and is a member of leading local
fraternal organizations. Mr. Mohn was mar-
ried to Miss Agnes Miller, who is a native of
Liepsig, Germany, and with his family, con-
sisting of seven children, resides at No. 1018
Portage avenue.

ADOLPH MOHN.

tensive establishment is located at Nos. 118-120
East Jefferson street. Mr. Mohn is a native
of Stuttgart, Germany, and was born August

FRED J. TEUSCHER.

Mr. Fred J. Teuscher, the well known whole-
sale baker, whose office and bakery is located
at 315 West Monroe street, is a native of Swit-
zerland, and was born November 30, 1867.
His father was Jacob Teuscher and his mother
Anna (Dewaulder) Teuscher. Until he was
eighteen years of age he resided in his native
land and received a good education in the
schools there. In 1885 he came to America
and settled in Crawford County, Ohio, where
he learned the bakers trade, at which he
worked four years in Ohio, when he went to
Chicago, and then to Mishawaka, where he
was engaged in the same business two years.
In 1892 he came to South Bend and started the
wholesale baking business in which he has
been most successful. His bakery is a large
two story brick building specially fitted. Mr.
Teuscher bakes bread, cakes, cookies, pies and
a general line of plain goods and does a large
business. He uses only the best materials
and his products are always the best. He was
married in 1896 to Miss Bertha Klosner, a
most estimable lady and has two children, a
boy and a girl.

320

SOUTH BEND.

ERNEST B. RUPEL.
Mr. Ernest B. Rupel has practically and
successfully demonstrated the fact that strict
attention to business will always meet with
fitting reward. As a wholesale dealer in no-
ions, school supplies, etc., whose business was

LOUIS H. RULO.
Mr. Louis H. Rulo, senior member of the
firm of L. H. Rulo oi Co., retail grocers and
marketmen at Nos. 224-228 East Monroe street,
is a native of Iowa and was born at Eldora,
Iowa. August 27, 1858. His father was George
W. Rulo and his mother was Calantha S.
(Hard) Rulo. ioung Rulo was educated in
the public schools of his native city and lived
there until 1872 when he came to South Bend
and engaged in the grocery business. In No-
vember, 1SS7. Mr. Rulo, with Israel A. Staples,
formed the present firm of L. H. Rulo & Co.,
and engaged in the grocery business. In

1S96 Mr. Rulo built his handsome two story
brick building at the corner of Monroe and
Carroll streets, the lower floor of which is
entirely utilized for the grocery and market
business. The store is one of the largest and
best in the city, and the stock carried is most
complete and embraces everything in the line
of fancy and staple groceries. The market
is finely appointed and the firm handles the
choicest of meats in every variety and game
and fruits in season. A large business is
done throughout the city and the firm is a
popular one. Mr. Rulo is an energetic business

ERNEST B. RUPEL.

established in this city less than two years
ago, he has already built up a large and ex-
tensive trade. Mr. Rupel is a native of Cen-
ter Township, St. Joseph County, and was bom
October 22, 1866. He is the son of Franklin
and Martha (Rockhill) Rupel, and his father
was a prosperous farmer in that locality. Mr.
Rupel attended the public schoo s of South
Bend and graduated from the high school in
1SS4. For ten years afterwards he followed
the calling of a school teacher and then en-
gaged in business pursuits. For five years he
occupied the position of traveling salesman for
Whiteman Bros., manufacturers of confection-
ery, and becoming familiar with the practica
side of commercial life, he resolved to engage
in business for himself. In March, 1899, he
established his present business, which em-
braces a large and varied stock of notions and
school supplies, and his rapidly growing trade
extends throughout Nothern Indiana and
Southern Michigan, and his well equipped es
tablishment is located at 821 South Michigan
street. Mr. Rupel is energetic and a thor-
oughgoing business man and has won success
by deserving it. He was married in 189:i
to Miss Hallie Smith, and resides at 410 East
South street.

LOUIS 11. RULO.

man of the highest standing. He was mar-
ried in 1879 to Miss Adelia Casteller, and re-
sides at No. 228 East Monroe street. Mr.
Rulo is well known in fraternal circles and is
a member of the Knights of Columbia and the
Tribe of Ben Hur.

SOUTH BEND,

321

HARVEY G. BALDING.

Mr. Harvey G. Balding, the well known deal-
er in wood and coal, whose office and yards
are located at No, 1114 West Colfax avenue, is
a husiness man of prominence and ability who
has won success and the esteem of the com-
munity. Mr. Balding is a native of Steuben

LOUIS M. MUCHA.

Mr. Louis M. Mucha, widely known as a
careful educator, and also engaged in the real
estate business at No. 822 South Webster
street, is a gentleman who has won by his own
efforts the high place he fills in the business
life of our city. Mr. Mucha was born in
Poland, July 23, 1863. As a boy he had the
advantages of a careful training and education
in his native land, and also in this country. He
came to America in April, 1891. sailing direct
to Baltimore, and then went to Chicago where
he remained but a short time, and in July,
1891, he came to South Bend, where he has
since resided. Mr. Mucha has been engaged
in teaching both at St. Hedwige's school, and
at St. Cassimer's School, where ne is now en-
gaged. He is also engaged in the real estate,
insurance and loan business. He handles
foreign exchange and represents several well
known steamship companies. Mr. Mucha is a
leader in Polish circles here and has done
much to educate and benefit the Polish people.
He is a notary public and also secretary of the
Jan. III. Sobieski Building and Loan Associa-
tion, one of the most substantial and enterpris-

IIARVEY G. BALDING.

County, Ind., and was born June 27. 1842. His
father, George W. Balding, was a successful
farmer in that section of the state, and his
mother was Jane Elizabeth (Armstrong) Bald-
ing, and both his parents were natives of New
York state. In 1838 his parents removed from
Western New York to Steuben County. Young
Balding lived at home until he was twenty-
one years of age, and he received his educa-
tion in the country schools. In 1863 he went
to Sturgis, Mich., where he learned the black-
smith's trade, and remained there about six
years, and in 1870 came to South Bend and
worked at his trade at Studebaker's for over
two years, when he again took up agricultural
pursuits, and for eleven years was engaged in
successful farming near this city. In 1S85
Mr. Balding moved to South Bend and started
in the wood trade, and a few years later added
coal, hay, straw, grain, etc. Mr. Balding does
a large business and gives p:ompt service, and
is a careful business man and widely known.
In 1865 Mr. Balding was married to Miss Lydia
Weiss, and resides in his own home at No. 1114
West Colfax avenue.

LOUIS M. MUCHA.

ing business institutions of the city. He is
one of its founders and much of its success can
be attributed to bis efforts. Mr. Mucha was
married June 26, 1889, to Miss Anna Stopka.
and to this union has been born two children,

322

SOUTH BEND.

a daughter. Maryanna, age 11 years, and a son,
Stanislaus, age eight years. Mr. Mucha re-
sides with his family in a cozy home at 822
South Webster street.

JAMES ASLIN.

Mr. James Aslin was born at Hartfordshire,
England, and came to Ameiica when he was
but fourteen years of age. He first located
at Cleveland. Ohio, where he spent several
years and thoroughly app ied himself to learn-
ing the trade of plumbing and gas fitting, and
became an expert and practical man in every
detail of that calling. He then went to Chi-
cago, where he was engaged for four years, and
ih 1871 he came to South Bend, and wo.ked in
the establishment of A. T. Stevenson, a well
known plumber and gas fitter, now deceased.
Mr. Aslin engaged in business for himself in
18S9 and since that time has transacted a con-
stantly increasing business. He has been en-
gaged by many of the lending property owners
in this city, and fitted up the Laurel and
Madison public school houses and other public
buildings. He is a member of the Masonic
and Odd Fellows fraternities, and of the

JAMES ASLIN.

National and State Associations of Master
Plumbers. He is also connected with the
South Bend Maste.- Plumber's Association and
is the treasurer of that organization. He was

married to Miss Sophia Pommert, of South
Bend, and with his fami y of three children,
resides at No. 319 South Michigan street. His
office and workrooms are at No. lilt; South
Michigan street, and are equipped with every
appliance known to modern gas fitting and
sanitary plumbing.

REV H. F. PAANAKKEK, C. S. C.

The Rev. H. F. Paanakker, C. S. O. pastor
of the Sacred Heart church, on West Thomas

REV. II. P. PAANAKKER, C. s. C.

street, was born in Holland. January 12, 1864.
He is the son of Bartholomaeus Paanakker.
and Mary (Wan der Hayden) Paanakker. who
were well known in their native country.
Father Paanakker attended the paiochia!
schools in Haarlem, and afterward attended the
college at Uden. North Braband, under the
priests of the order of the Holy Cross. He
finished his classical and theological studies in
Europe ana in 1894 came to America and at-
tended Notre Dame. Here he was ordained
to the priesthood by the Rt. Rev. Joseph Rhada-
uiacher, in 1S96. Soon after he was appointed
to take charge of the Catholic Belgians in
South Bend, who were then attending services
in St. Patrick's church. After one year ot
zealous work he built a churcn for the Bel-
gians, a neat trame building on West Thomas
street, and under the leadership of Father
Paanakker is one of the most successful of its

SOUTH BEND.

323

nationality in the state. Over one hundred
families embrace the congregation of the
Church of the Sacred Heart, and in the school
conducted in the basement of the church
building. 110 scholars are in daily attendance.
The church is a prosperous one and Father
Paanakker is one of the most popular and
warmly esteemed among the religious teachers
of this city.

JOHN N. REASS.

Among the popular and successful business
men of South Bend, must be mentioned Mr.
John N. Reass, the well known retail grocer at
No. 325 West Marion street. Mr. Reass is a
native of Bavaria, Germany, where he was
born February 25. 1856. His father was
Christian Reass, a gentleman highly esteemed
there. When but a child, Mr. Reass had the
misfortune to lose his mother. Until he was
fourteen years of age he resided in the land
of his nativity, and there he received his edu-
cation in the common schools. In 1870 he
came to South Bend where he has since lived
and where he is well known and highly es-
teemed. For five years after coming to this
city he worked in the butcher business, and in
1874 he entered the employ of L. Nickel, Jr.,
where he remained until 1880 and thoroughly
learned every detail of the grocery business.

JOHN N. REASS.

He returned to the employ of Mr. Nickel again
in 1S85 and remained until 1891 when he start-
ed in the giocery business for himself at his

present location, and has built up a large
trade. His store is completely stocked with
a fine line of staple and fancy groceries of all
kinds, choice potted and canned goods, fruits,
candies, cigars, etc. His trade is among the
leading families oi that section of the city. Mr.
Keass is a popular business man and well
known in social circles, being a member ot
the Maccabees, and the Turner's society. He
was married in 1879 to Miss Henrietta Steinel
a most estimable lady, and his family consists
of his wife and one daughter, Edna, fifteen
years of age.

B. THOMAS BEARDSLEY.
Mr. B. Thomas Beardsley was born at
Beardsley's Prairie, in St. Joseph County, Ind.,
July 23, 1866. and his father, Solomon L.

^^\

B. THOMAS BEARDSLEY.

Beardsley, is at present engaged in the zinc
mining business in Missouri. He was edu-
cated in the public schoo'.s of Buchanan, and
afterwards at Kalamazoo, where his parents
removed in 1874. Mr. Beardsley learned and
worked at the plumbing trade in Kalamazoo for
several years and then accepted a position as
traveling salesman for a Philadelphia firm en-
gaged in the manufacture of stone crushers
and general road machinery, which he held for
four years. In 1895 he came to South Bend
and was employed by H. P. Blair & Co., for a
year, after which he established himself in
business at No. 132 North Michigan street.

324

SOUTH BEND.

Mr. Beardsley is an experienced and capable
plumber and gas fitter, and is also engaged in
the steam heating business. He is an energetic
business man and has won his present success
by his own efforts and by the excellence of his
work. Hs was married to Miss Adele McCaus-
land, a native of Rondout, N. Y.. and with his
family resides at 873 South Clinton street.

EDWARD McPARLAND.

Mr. Edward McFarland, senior member of
the firm of McFarland & Willett, manufactur-
ers of the popular "Tippecanoe" cigars, whose
store and factory are located at No. 916 South
Michigan street, is a native of the Buckeye
state and was born at Defiance, Ohio, May 17,
1864. He is a son of William McFarland and
Orpha (Garrett) McFar.and. and resided in
Defiance until he was nine years of age. In
1873 his parents moved to a farm and here
young McFarland lived until he was sixteen,
receiving his education in the district schools.
In 1S80 he went to Defiance where he engaged
in the photograph business, in which he con-
tinued a number of years at Defiance, Uoledo,
Wheeling and Marion, md. He next went to
Uas City, Ind., where he was engaged in
building, and then to Indianapolis in the

EDWARD M PARLAND.

wholesale meat business as a traveling sales-
man. This he gave up and entered the em-
ploy of the Pan Handle railway where he re-

mained until 1900. when he came to South Bend
and started in the manufacture of fine cigars
with Mr. John T. Willett, under the urm name
of McFarland & Willett. The store and fac-
tory is a large two story brick building. The
firm manufactures the popular "Tippecanoe"
and "Blue Pearl," five cent cigars, both free
smokers and trade winners. Mr. McFarland
is a young business man of high standing and
has won deserved success.

JOHN T. WILLETT.

Mr. John T. Willett, of the firm of McFar-
land & Willett, manufacturers of fine cigars,
whose store and factory is located at No. 916

JOHN T. WILLETT.

South Michigan street, is a native of this state.
and was born at Kendallville, Ind., February
5, 1870. His father was William Willett and
his mother Maria (Taylor) Willett, both widely
known in that city. Young Willett received
a good education in the public schools of his
native city, and when he had completed his
education learned the trade of an expert cigar-
maker. In 1888 he left Kendallville, and
worked at his trade in a number of places. He
became a member of the Cigarmaker's Union
at Defiance, Ohio, in 1890, and in 1891 he came
to South Bend, where he continued at his
trade until April 1, 1900. when with Mr. McFar-
land, he organized the firm of McFarland &
Willett, and began the manufacture of fine

SOUTH BEND

325

cigars. The firm has a nicely, appointed re-
tail store and factory, and makes the "Tippe-
canoe," and "Blue Peari," nickel goods, that
are well made and popular with the tiade. The
firm does a constantly increasing business and
its future is very bright. Mr. Willett is a
young man of standing and integrity. He
was married in 1889 to Miss Nellie McEarland,
of Defiance, Ohio, and with his estimable wife
and son, Harry Howard, ten years old, resides
at No. 133 East Ohio street.

WALTER C. MILLER.

Mr. Walter C. Miller was born at Sumption
Prairie, St. Joseph County, January 2, 1869,
and his father, Cyius Miller, is wel.-known in
trade circles here. He received his education
in the public schools and high schools of this
county and afterward attended the State Nor-
mal School at Valparaiso, lud. Mr. Milier
was born and reared on a farm near this city
and when he was fifteen years of age he came
here to live. In 1891 he engaged in business
for himself at his present location, No. 320
South Michigan street. He deals in all kinds
of coal, wood, feed and farm implements and is
a merchant of sterling integrity and ability,
and one of the most energetic young business

Board of Education with coal, and nis custom-
ers are among the leading citizens of Souui
Bend. In the line of agricultural implements
he is local agent for the Deering Harvester
Company, of Chicago; the Superior Drill Com-
pany, of Springfield, Ohio, and the Syracuse
ChiLed Plow Company, of Syracuse, N. Y. He
is a member of the Executive Board of the Re-
tail Dealers' Association of Indiana and Michi-
gan and is also fraternally connected with the
Royal Arcanum and the Woodmen of the
World. He was married to Miss Louie Losh-
bough of South Bend and resides at No. 409
West Monroe street.

LEO M. KUCHARSKI.
Mr. Leo M. Kucharski, was born at Wongro-
witz, Posen, Germany, November 11. 1864. His
father was Antoni Kucharski, and his mother

WALTER C. MILLER.

men in the community. As an evidence of
his business sagacity Mr. Miner has secured
the contracts for supplying the city and the

LEO. M. KUCHARSKA.

Antonia (Wojciechowska) Kucharski. As a
boy he received his education in his native
land, and also attended the Seminary at
Samter, Posen. In the spring of 1881 young
Kucharski decided to come to America, and lo-
cated at Auburn, N. Y., where he remained
about six months, when he came to South
Bend, where he has since resided and been
prominent in business and social circles. He
found employment in the works of the Stude-
baker Bros. Manufacturing Company, where
he remained in the carriage department of that

:;■.>.;

SOUTH BEND

industry until 1899. In 1895 Mr. Kucharski
engaged in the leal estate, loan and insur-
ance business and is a. so local agent for all
foreign steamship lines, his office being at No.
411 South Chapin street. He makes a special-
ty of West End residence property of all kinds
and does a fine business. He also makes
loans on real estate and places fire insurance
in leading companies. Mr. Kucharski is a
staunch Republican in politics and an ardent
and enthusiastic party worker. He was
e.ected a member of the Common Council fiorn
the sixth ward in 1899, in one of the most bit-
terly contested political battles. Although
the ward was strongly Democratic Mr. Kuchar-
ski carried it, showing his popularity as a
conservative politician and citizen. So bit-
ter was the feeling that the result of the con-
test was carried into thecou.ts which sustained
Mr. Kucharski. In 1899 he was appointed
clerk in the County Auditor's office by Mr.
John M. Brown, which position he fills with
the highest credit. Mr. Kucharski was mar-
ried in 18SS to Miss Lottie Dobski, and with
his estimable wife and three children; Ed-
mund, Stephanie and Thadeus, resides in a
pretty home at No. 1112 Napier street.

GEORGE W. SCHOCK.

Mr. George W. Shock is a native of South
Bend, having been born here September 30,
1859, the son of Jeremiah Knock and Caroline
(Rulo) Shock. Having a natural aptitude
for the maeninist's trade he soon became ex-
pert at designing and building special ma-
chinery of every description, and makes a
speciality of this branch of work. He has de-
signed and bui.t machinery for every large
enterprise in the city. He is at present
building a special machine for the manufac-
ture of punctureless bicycle tiies for a large
factory in New York. He has recently de-
signed and Duilt a machine for cancelling
postage stamps on letters, the same having a
capacity for running over 300 letters a minute.
He makes all kinds of drill presses and does
a large business. He was married in 18S8
to Miss Lura R. Jaquith, of this city, and lives
at No. 824 Colfax avenue.

ALBERT D. HARRISON.

Mr. Albert D. Hanison, local agent of the
Adams Express Company and the National
Express Company, whose joint office is located
at No. 128 North Michigan street, is a native

Oi the Buckeye state, and was born at Green-
Vihe, Ohio, April 15, 1869. His father was W.
L. Harrison, and his mother was Kate (Dickey)
Harrison, and his family was highly esteemed
in that section. Young Hairison was educated
in the common schools and the Normal School
at Greenville, and at the latter school fitted
himself for the profession of teaching. When
he had finished his education he taught school

ALBERT D. HARRISON.

lor two years in that locality, when he gave
up that profession and entered the employ or
tne Adams Express Company at Greenville,
uhio, and was in the employ ot that company
tnere tor seven yeais. in i89i he was trans-
fer* ed by the company to Circievme, Ohio, as
local agent at that point, ana a so as agent of
the Southern Express Company, the office be-
ing a joint one. Here he remained a year and
a half when he was transferred to Lima, Ohio,
as agent of the Adams Express Company, from
which place he came to South Bend in Octo-
ber, 1899, as joint agent of the Adams and
National Express companies. Mr. Harrison
is a young man of ability and has a tho.ough
knowledge of the express business, and has
rendered almost perfect service to our mer-
chants and manufacturers. He is single and
a favorite in social and fraternal circles and is
a member of the Odd Fellows and highly es-
teemed.

SOUTH BEND.

327

ANDREW J. McDADE.
Mr. Andrew J. McDade, manager of the busi-
ness of the National Cash Register Company,
of Dayton, Ohio, whose office is in the Hobbs
block at Michigan and Wayne streets, is a
business man who has won success by his own
individual efforts. Mr. McDade is a native
of Birmingham, Ala., and was born in that city

of sixteen counties in Northern Indiana with
headquarters in this city. He is an able
and progressive business man of the modern
type and a genial courteous gentleman. He
is a member of the Commercial Athletic Club,
and popular alike in business and social cir-
cies. Mr. McDade was married in 189S to
Miss Hattie R. Harris, of Mt. Pleasant. Iowa.

SAMUEL BENDER.
Mr. Samuel Bender, who is now practicing
the profession of an architect in this city, is a
study representative of the old Dutch settlers
in Pennsylvania. He was horn near E.izabeth-
ville, Dauphin County, Penn., February 27,
1842, and his father, Leonard Bender, was a
well known wagon builder, and is still living
at the honored age of 94 years. Mr. Bender
was educated in the public schools at home,
and when the rebe lion broke out he enlisted
in the 2d. Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery anil
served in the cause of his country, and was
wounded at Bermuda Hundred. He learned
the trade of a carpenter and builder and was
very successful in business. In 1S90 he came
to South Bend and engaged in business. He

ANDREW -I. M DADE.

October 22, 1861. His father, Marcus L. Mc-
Dade, was a well known teacher in the South,
and his mother was Mary I. (frank. in) Mc-
Dade. When but four yea;s of age his parents
removed to Okibbeha County, Miss., on a farm,
and there young McDade was educated in the
public schools and by his father, and theie he
lived until he attained his majority. He then
went to Rosedale. Miss., where he engaged in
the newspaper business two years on the Rose-
dale Leader, and next went to Greenville.
Miss., where he edited the Yazoo Delta Review,
and later established a dai.y paper in connec-
tion. While located there Mr. McDaue or-
ganized a news syndicate, which included tne
Huntington Transcript. Huntington, Miss.,
Clarksdale News, Clarksdale, Miss., Tunica
County Herald, Austin, Miss., Indianola Times,
Indiano.a, Miss., and the Deer Creek Pilot at
Rolling Fork, Miss. In 1888 Mr. McDade dis-
posed of his newspaper interests, and traveled
lor a number of years in all parts of the
country. In 189S Mr. McDade ente.ed the
employment of the Nationa. Cash Register
Company, and in May. 1899, was given charge

SAMUKL BUNDER.

is a master of every detail of building and is a
draughtsman and architect of ability and prac-
tical good taste. He has hut recently adopted
the profession of architect and nas alieady
achieved a marked success. He was married
to Miss Barbara Shawder and has a family of
seven children, four of whom are now dead.
He resides at No. 542 Burroughs street.

328

SOUTH BEND.

DAVID GROSS.

Mr. David Gross, senior member of the firm
of Gross Bros. & Co. impoi ters and wholesale
and retail dealers in fine wines, liquors and
cigars. No. 114 South Michigan street, is a
native of Hungaria, and was born in the city of
Kashau, April 6, 1877. His father, Morris

standing, and devotes his entire time to the
wholesale business, which he has thorough.}'
organized and systematized. He is single,
and popular in social circles, and is a member
of the Elks and the Concord Club.

LEO MOORE.

Mr. Leo Moore is a native of Hungaria, and
was born in the city of Kashau, September 10.
L866. His father was Moiris Moore and his
mother Fannie (Glick) Moore. Young Moore
was educated in the schools of his native city,
and when he was but fourteen years of age
decided to leave home and come to America.
He came direct to Indianapolis, where he lived
nine years and was engaged in various kinds
of clerical work. He then went to Chicago and
was road salesman for Marshall Field & Co.
for seven years, and in 1895 came to South
Bend, and established the firm of Gross Bros.
& Co.. at No. US North Michigan street. The
firm established a branch house on Chapin
street known as the Banner Liquor House,
which it sold in 1899. The business was moved
to its present location and has grown to the
largest in this section. The firm is a direct
importer of the choicest wines, gins, brandies,
and cordials, and handles many brands of fine

DAVID (iKOSS

Gross, was a successful merchant in that city,
and his mother was Hannah (Feigenbaum)
Gross. When he was but two years of age
his parents left the old country and came to
America, going direct to Indianapolis. Here
young Gross was educated in the public
schools, and here he lived until he was twelve
years of age when he went to Chicago, where
he resided eight years. In 1897 he came to
South Bend and became a partner in the firm of
Gross Bros. & Co. This business was estab-
lished in 1895 at No. 118 North Michigan
street, and was removed to its present loca-
tion in 1899. Until one year ago the firm
conducted an extensive branch on South
Chapin street, known as the Banner Liquor-
House. The firm does an immense business
and impoits and handles at wholesale and re-
tail the finest brands of wines, brandies, gins,
rums, cordials, whiskies, California wines,
cigars, etc. This is the largest house engaged
in the wholesale liquor trade here. Mr. Gross
is a young man of high business ability and

LEO MOORE.

whiskies, making a specialty of the celebrated
XXXX Hudson Rye. and South Bend Club Rye.
both on sale in leading hotels and buffets in
Indiana and Michigan. The firm is the largest

SOUTH BEND.

320

in the wholesale trade. Its buffet at No. 114
South Michigan street, was the first in the city
to be handsomely fitted with up-to-date fix-
tures and is completely stocked and a fine line
of cigars carried. Mr. Moore is a business
man of high standing and widely known. He
is single and popular in social circles, being a
member of the Concord club, and President of
the Bnai Brit, a popular charitable organiza-
tion of our city.

CHARLES D. HILDEBRAND.
Mr. Charles D. Hildebrand, secretary of the
Crescent Fuel & Feed Company, was born in
center Township, St. Joseph County, Ind.,
August 8, 1867. Mr. Hildebrand is the son of
Samuel J. Hi.debiand, a successful farmer of
that section, and Lydia (Wenger) Hildebrand.
He was educated in the country schools of
Center Township, and lived upon the farm
until he was 23 years of age, when he came to
South Bend and engaged in the carpenter con-
tracting business, which he successfully con-
ducted until 1S97. when with his brother, Wil-
liam C. Hildebrand, he started in the coal and

(Iiaki.es d. hildebrand.
wood trade under the style of Hildebrand &
Co. In 1897, 1898 and 1899 Mr. Hildebrand
was Deputy County Clerk, resigning his posi-
tion in the latter year to devote his entire time
to his private business. In June, 1900, the
firm had a disastrous fire, but immediately re-
built and organized and incoiporated the

present company with a capital of $10,000.00.
Mr. Hildebrand is a young business man of
energy and push and is widety knowu. He
was married in 1897 to Miss Tinie O. Lang, of
Mishawaka, and resides at No. 1113 Vistula
avenue.

WILLIAM C. HILDEBRAND.

Mr. William C. Hildebrand. president of the
Crescent Fuel & Feed Co., one of the large en-

WILLIAM C. HILDEBRAND.

terprises in that line here, is a native of the
Hoosier state, and was born on a farm in
Center Township, St. Joseph County, October
6, 18K9. Mr. Hildebrand is the son of Samuel
J. Hildebrand, a successful farmer, and Lydia
(Wenger) Hildebrand. While a boy he at-
tended the public schools in this section where
he received a good education. Until he was
seventeen years of age he lived and assisted
on the farm, then he came to South Bend
where he held a responsible position in the
shipping department of the Studebaker Bros.
Manufacturing Company. He resigned to
engage in the contracting business which he
followed until 1897, when he started in the
coal, wood and street sprinkling business with
his brother under the style of Hildebrand &
Co., which continued until September 1, 1900,
when the Crescent Fuel & Feed Company was
organized and incorporated under the state
laws. Mr. Hildebrand is well known as a

330

SOUTH BEND

rising young business man of the highest
standing. He was married in 1889 to Miss
Willa May Barrett and lesides at No. 1S02
Michigan avenue.

JOHN H. LESLIE.

Mr. John H. Leslie, a leading optician of this
city, was bo.n in North Benton, Ohio, April 21,
1848. His father, Lawyons Leslie, was en-
gaged in the wagon building business, and in
1852 with his family removed to Madison
Township, St. Joseph County, Ind., where Mr.
Leslie received his early education in the dis-
trict schools of that locality. For twenty
years he was engaged in the manufacture of
Portland cement and was superintendent of
the works of T. Millen & Sons. He assisted
in the construction of the large plant here,
and also at Wayland, N. Y., wheie they after-
ward moved, and he also supervised the
cement works at Perkinsville, N. Y., owned by
Rochester peop.e. He afterward took a
special course in chemistry, and in 1S96 was a
graduate of the South Bend School of Optics.
Since that time he has been an expert optician
and is well known in this community. Dur-
ing the war of the Rebellion Mr. Leslie en-
listed in Co. K, 87th Indiana Volunteers, and
was wounded in the right arm in the battle of

^*>>v

.JOHN II. I. KM, IK.

Jonesboro. August 4, 1SG4. He was a member
and officer of the original Auten Post, G. A.
R., and is now connected with the reorganized

Post. He has been a member of the Knights
of Pythias since 1873. He was married to
Miss Hattie E. C.ark, of Grand Ledge, Mich.,
and resides at No. 436 West Tutt street. His
office is at No. 122 South Main street.

FRANK G. STANLEY.

The city of South Bend is not lacking in men
of brains and energy, who are constantly add-
ing to its growth and prosperity in every
legitimate and possible way. Among the

tfc\

FKAKK (I. STANLEY.

men here who have won a place in successful
business rank is Mr. Frank G. Stanley, who is
widely known in the cement cont. acting busi-
ness, and who succeeded the ,ate Isaac Fry
in that line. Mr. Stanley is a business man of
the active and progressive type. He is a
native of Indiana and was born at Cambridge
City, October 21, 1857. He is a son of Henry
Stanley, who was a successful baker, and his
mother was Susan (McGrew) Stanley. Young
Stanley was educated in the public schools at
Cambridge City. When he had completed his
education he entered the employ of the Stude-
baker Bros. Mfg. Company, where ne learned
the trade of a painter. He next went to New
York City, and other eastern cities, and re-
turned to Indianapo.is and started in the rail-
road business as a fireman on the Panhandle
system, and rapidly rose to the position of
engineer. In 1893 he came to South Bend
and accepted a place on the Chicago & South

SOUTH BEND,

331

Bend railway where he ran a locomotive until
1898 when he resigned and engaged in the
cement sidewalk business in which he has
since continued. Mr. Stanley was married in
1895 to Miss Vitalis D. Fry, only daughter ot
the late Isaac Fry, and with his wiie and one
child. Anna F. E. Stanley, resides in a hand-
some home at No. 905 South Lafayette street.

DAVID J. MILLER.
Mr. David J. Miller, of the firm of Miller <fe
Garman, dealers in flour, feed, gram, etc.. No.
420 South Michigan street, was born on a fa:m
at Atwood, Kosciusko County, incl., November
29, 1870. He is the son of Jacob B. Miller, -J,
prosperous farmer, and Esther (Swihart) Mil-
ler. Until ne was sixteen years of age he
worked on the farm at home and attended the
district school. Then he came to South Bend,
and for two years was engaged in farming
near this city, when he went to Bloomington.
111., where he was employed on a large fancy
stock farm. In 1891 he returned to this city
and worked at the mason trade, until he was
appointed turnkey at the County Jail by
Sheriff Ward, which position he held until 111-

DAV1D J. MILLER.

ness compelled him to resign. Mr. Miller
then took a course in the South Bend Com-
mercial College, where he graduated. From
1896 to 1898 he was successfully engaged in the
dairy business, and in March, 1900, he as-
sociated himself with Mr. George C. Garman

line. He then returned to South Bend and
in the flour and feed and warehouse business,
under the styie of Miller & Garman. Mr. Miller
was married in 1898 to Miss Lydia Weis, a
native of St. Joseph county.

GEORGE C. GARMAN.

Mr. George C. Garman. junior member of
the well known firm of Miller & Garman, dea -
ers in flour, feed and grain, and proprietois of
the Safe Storage Warehouse, at No. 420 South

GEOKGE C. GAKMAN.

Michigan street, was born near Elkhart, Ind.,
January 25, 1860. Mr. Garman was the son of
Mr. George B. Garman, a prosperous farmer
of Bristol. Ind., and of Leah (Fisher) Garman.
When but a year old Mr. Carman's parents re-
moved from near Elkhart to Bristol, six miles
distant, and here on the family homestead he
was reared and lived for over a third of a
century. He attended the district school and
received a good common school education, and
his home life inculcated in him habits of
frugality and honesty. When his father died
in 1885 young Garman took the farm and con-
ducted it until the death of his mother in
1893, when he sold the property and settled
the estate. In 1S95 he came to South Bend
and for over a year was employed in the Stu-
debaker shops. Then he opened a meat mar-
ket at No. 405 East Wenger street, which he
conducted for over a year when he went to
Mishawaka where he was engaged in the same

332

SOUTH BEND.

engaged in the meat market business as
manager tor L. H. Rulo & Co. In March. 1900,
he engaged in his present business, associated
with Mr. David J. Miller. He was married in
1890 to Miss Carrie B. Green, of Chesterton, Ind.

THOMAS M. HOBAN.

Among the rising young members ot the St.
Joseph County bar is Mr. Thomas Maurice
Hoban, a young man of recognized ability, who

THOMAS M. HOBAN.

has already won a high place in his piofession.
Mr. Hoban is a native of South Beud and was
born July 20, 187S. His father, Martin Hoban.
is widely known and a member of the con-
tracting firm of Robert, Hoban & Roach, and
his mother is Julia (Downey) Hoban. Until he
was fourteen years of age he attended the
Sumption school, and then entered the "Uni-
versity of Notre Dame, taking a commercial
couise, graduating in 1896. In the same year
he took up the law course, and in 1899 received
the degree of L. L. B., and in 1900 graduated
with the degree of L. L. M. He was admitted
to the bar in 1900 and at once oegan the prac-
tice of his profession in this city, his hand-
some office being located in the new Dean
building on South Lafayette street. Mr. Hoban
is single and popular in the profession and in
social life. He is a member of the Knights of
Columbus, and of the St. Joseph County Bar
Association.

WILLIAM H. HOBBICK.

Mr. William Henry Hobbick, dea.er in
cigars, confectionery and fruits at No. 124')
West Washington street, is a young business
man who deserves the success he has won. He
was born on a farm at Ridgeville, Indiana,
August 17, 1864. His father was George
W. Hobbick and his mother Mary (Boltz)
Hobbick. When he was five years of age his
mother removed to Winchester, Indiana,
where he lived and went to school until he
was eight years old, and then moved to Mish-
awaka. where he lived on a farm and com-
pleted his education. When he was eighteen
years old he went to Winona, Minn., where he
was employed in agricultural and harvesting
pursuits. In 18S5 he returned to bouth Bend
and was for seven years employed at the
Oliver Plow Works, and then he went into
the fruit and confectionery business with
Solari, where he remainea a year and over,
and then in 1894 started in business for him-
self at his present location. He has a nicely
appointed store and carries a fine stock of
selected fruits, fine candies, cigars and tobac-

WIIiLIAM n. HOBBICK.

cos, and does a large business in that section
of the city. Mr. Hobbick is a careful and
able business man. He was married in 1892
to Miss Hettie B. Smith, a native of St. Joseph
County, and with his estimable wife resides
at 1249 West Washington street.

SOUTH BEND.

333

JOHN N. JACOBSON.

Mr. John N. Jacobson, senior member of the
well known lirin of Jacobson, Peterson & Co..
manufacturers of brooms and whisks. No. 209
College street, was born in Sweden, March 3,
1862. He was a son of John Jacobson and
Mary (Lonn) Jacobson. When he was but seven
years of age his parents removed to America
and settled at Laporte, Ind., where Mr. Jacob-
son lived until 1885. Here he was educated in
the public schools of Laporte, and then learned
his trade. In 1885 Mr. Jacobson came to South
Bend, and with Mr. Frank A. Peterson estab-
lished the present business under the firm name
of Jacobson & Peterson. On January 1, 1894,
Mr. A. E. Peltz was admitted to partnership
under the present style of firm. The plant of
the firm includes a factory and warehouse at
No. 209 College street and 1708 Parallel street.
The whole is nicely equipped and manufactures

JOHN N. JACOBSON.

a high grade of brooms and whisks. Mr. Jacob-
son was married in 1886 to Miss Hilda C.
Anderson, of Laporte, and with his wife and
daughter, Esther, resides at No. 205 College
street.

FRANK A. PETERSON.

Mr. Frank A. Peterson, a member of the firm
of Jacobson, Peterson & Co., manufacturers of
brooms and whisks, No. 209 College street, is a
native of Sweden, and was born June 26, 1861.
When a child but six years of age his parents.
Peter J. and Johanna Peterson, came to

America and located at Laporte, Ind. Here
young Peterson was educated in the public
schools, and here he learned the trade of an
expert broom-maker. In 1885 he left Laporte

FRANK A. PETERSON.

and came to South Bend where he, and John N.
Jacobson, established the firm of Jacobson &
Peterson and began the manufacture of brooms
and whisks. In 1894 Mr. A. E. Peltz was ad-
mitted to partnership under the present style.
The firm does a large business throughout
Indiana and Michigan. Mr. Peterson was mar-
ried in October, 1888, to Miss Ida M. Anderson,
and resides at No. 201 College street.

ALBERT E. PELTZ.

Mr. Albert E. Peltz, one of South Bend's
popular and successful business men, and a
member of the firm of Jacobson, Peterson &
Co., manufacturers of brooms and brushes, at
No. 209 College street, is a native of Chicago,
111., where he was born June 26, 1863. His
father was August Peltz, a brick manufacturer,
and his mother was Augusta (Fleischer)
Peltz. When he was but eight years of age
his parents removed to Cleveland. Ohio., and
young Peltz was educated in the public schools
of the Forest City, and resided there until he
was seventeen years old. In 1880 young Peltz
went to Canada, and in the Province of Ontario
learned the trade of a broom-maker, and con-
tinued in that business twelve years, when he

334

SOUTH BEND

came to South Bend, and in 1S94, became a
partner in the present firm. When Mr. Peltz
entered the firm it was engaged exclusively in
the manufacture of brooms and brushes. The
firm then added a full line of paper, paper
bags, woodenware. etc. Mr. Peltz devotes him-
self, to the business end of the enterprise and
travels most of the time. He is a careful
business man and well known and highly

took the scientific course, and where he grad-
uated in pharmacy in 1896. He started in the
drug business in Ada, and in 1897 removed to

ALBERT E. PELTZ.

esteemed. He was married in 1881 to Miss
Alice Bean of Waterloo, Ont, and resides at
No. 1706 Florence avenue.

RALPH H. WOODS.

A rising and successful young business man
of South Bend is Mr. Ralph H. Woods who is
engaged in the retail drug business at the
corner of Portage and Forest Avenues. He is
a native of the Peninsular state and was born
at Quincy, Michigan, January 29. 1876. His
father was Dr. Richard M. Woods, an eminent
and widely known physician, and his mother
was Mary L. (Hueston) Woods, a most estim-
able and gifted lady whose native state was
Ohio. When the boy was but four years old
he had the misfortune to lose his father. He
lived at Quincy until he was fifteen years of
age and attended the schools there. In 1891,
with his mother, he removed to Ada, Ohio,
where he attended the high school, and then
entered the Ohio Normal University, where he

RALPH H. WOODS.

Quincy, and in 1898 came to South Bend and
entered the drug store of Cnarles C. Coonley,
where he remained until July 15, 1900, when
he opened his present store. It is handsomely
fitted and the stock carried is large and com-
plete and includes everything in the drug line,
also perfumery, fancy goods, druggists' sun-
dries, cigars, etc. A specialty is made of pre-
paring prescriptions and difficult formulas. Mr.
Woods manufacturers the original and only
antiseptic tooth wash on the market. He is
single and popular in business and social
circles and is highly esteemed.

ED. NEDDO.

Among the prominent and successful horse
shoers of South Bend, Mr. Ed. Neddo, whose
establishment is located at No. 206 Vistula
avenue, ranks deservedly high. Mr. Neddo is
a native of Michigan and was born at Mendon,
December 6, 1869. His father, Edward Neddo.
is a skilled veterinary surgeon. Mr. Neddo's
parents came to South Bend when he was a
boy and here he attended the public and high
schools. While attending school he was engaged
in various pursuits, and then learned the art
of horse shoeing in his father's shop. Being
ambitious to succeed Mr. Neddo established

SOUTH BEND.

335

himself in business in 1S90 and from the outset
has been remarkably successful. He has made
a close study of the anatomy of the horse s feet,
and has thoroughly mastered the science of

HIRAM REX.

Mr. Hiram Rex was horn near the city of
Akron, in Summit County, O., January 10, 184-1.
His father, Daniel Rex, was a merchant miller,
and his mother was Mary A. (Marsh) Rex.
Young Rex lived in his native county until be
was eleven years of age and attended the dis-
trict schools. In the fall of 1S49 his father
died, and in 1855 he removed with his mother
to Elkhart County, Indiana, and engaged in
farming. Here he lived until 1SG3. attending
the public schools. He also attended the North-
ern Indiana Institute in this city and the Uni-
versity of Hillsdale, Mich. In the summer he
worked on the farm and in the winter he taught
school. In 1S63 he came to South Bend, where
with the exception of nine years spent in Ala-
bama, he has since resided. He began his busi-
ness career as a member of the grocery firm of
B. W. Ryan & Co., and continued three years ir.
that line and then went to northern Alabama
where he engaged in farming and in commercial
pursuits for nine years at Leighton and Hunts-
ville. In 1877 he returned to South Bend. In
187S his health failed and he was completely
restored by the American Remedy and Blood

ED. XEDDII.

shoeing. By his knowledge of all diseases and
other afflictions of horses' feet and his methods
of treatment they are remedied. In order to
excel in his profession he has striven to maste:'
every detail of the art of properly shoeing a
horse, and to further equip himself has visited
the best shoeing establishments in Europe,
particularly in London and Paris. He is .1
practical business man. employs only the best
workmen, and makes a specialty of the finest
work in shoeing light driving horses, and has
won an enviable reputation in this line of work
among leading citizens and horse owners in
South Bend and vicinity. He is a certified
member of the Master Horse Shoers National
Protective association, and is corresponding
secretary of Local Branch No. 204, of this city.
He was a delegate to the Ninth Annual Conven-
tion of the National body at Milwaukee,
Wis., in October 1900. Mr. Neddo has recently
made an extended tour of Europe, visiting the
Paris Exposition, France, England, Scotland,
Germany, Austria, Switzerland and other points
of interest on the continent. Mr. Neddo is a
substantial citizen and has earned for himself
hosts of friends who admire his many sterling
qualities. He resides at No. 209 South Carroll
street.

uikam hex.

Purifier. Knowing by experience its wonderful
qualities he at once began the manufacture and
sale of these medicines which have proven
most successful. In 1879 he engaged in the real
estate business in addition to that of medicine
and has been engaged in both lines since that

336

SOUTH BEND.

time. In 1SS2 Mr. Rex was elected assessor of
Portage Township anil served four years and
was re-elected in 1891. He was married Jan-
uary 14, 1866 to Miss Christina Lonzo. a native
of Ohio, who died July 5. 1900 mourned by a
large circle of friends. His family consists of
one son Elmer, Adjutant of the Third Regiment
I. N. G., and two daughters, Mrs. R. W. Hitz,
and Mrs. L. W. Hattell. He resides at No. 416
South Michigan street.

JOSEPH C. LAUBER.

Mr. Joseph C. Lauber, of the firm of Lauber
& Weiss, manufacturers of copper and gal-
vanized iron work, whose office and factory is

JOSEPH C. LAUBER.

located at Nos. 504-506 East Water street, is
a native of Hamilton, Ohio, and was born Feb-
ruary 16, 1869. He is a son of Anthony
Lauber and Crescent (Dick) Lauber. When he
was two years of age his parents removed to
Mishawaka, where he was educated in the pub-
lic and high schools. He learned the tinner's
trade, and in 1887 he apprenticed himself with
Shriver & Weathersly of Grand Rapids, Mich ,
in draughting and architectural sheet metal
work, which position he held until he started
in his present business. In 1890 he came to
South Bend, and with Mr. Paul Weiss, estab-
lished the present business. The firm occupies
a large double building. They manufacture
copper and galvanized cornice, window caps,

brackets, metal skylights, tile, slate and tin
roofing, heating and ventilating. The firm did
the work on the Elder school, Colfax school.
Laurel school, the Public Library, the Birdsell
residence, the High School and Episcopal
Church at Laporte, the First Ward school at
Michigan City, the Y. M. C. A. and Frank
school at Kalamazoo, Mich., the Old People's
Home at Avilla. Ind., and all of the work at St.
Mary's and on the new Mai eable Iron Plant
here. Mr. Lauber was married in 1896 to Miss
Emma Zaehnle, and with his wife and two
daughters reside at No. 423 dishing street.

PAUL WEISS.

Mr. Paul Weiss, junior member of the firm
of Lauber & Weiss, manufacturers of copper
and galvanized cornice work, whose office and
factory is located at Nos. 504-506 East Water
street, was born at Seussen, Bavaria, in 1S58.
He was educated in the schools of his native
land and learned the tinsmith and sheet metal
workers' trade. After serving his apprentice-
ship he secured employment with Ecgloff, the
principal government contractor of Bavaria,
having charge of all railroads. In 1881 he
came to South Bend and entered the employ of
Meyer & Poehlman where he remained until

I'Al'I. WEISS.

1896, when with Mr. Joseph C. Lauber, he
started the firm of Lauber & Weiss. The firm
has a large and carefully equipped plant and

SOUTH BEND.

::::;

does the best class of work in manufacturing
copper and galvanized cornice, brackets, win-
dow caps, metal skylights, tile, slate and tin
looflng. heating and ventilating. Among the
more important contracts of the firm are the
Elder, Colfax and Laurel schools, the Public
Library, the handsome Birdsell residence, the
new Malleable Iron plant, work at St. Mary's
and others. The firm also did the work on the
Episcopal church and High School at Laporte;
the Frank school and Y. M. C. A. at Kalama-
zoo, Mich.; the Old Peop'.e's Home at Avilla,
Ind. Mr. Weiss is a popular business man and
has won success by deserving it. He is single
and well known and highly esteemed.

HUGH SHERMAN.
Among the successful young business men
of South Bend, and among the popular ones in
his special line of trade is Mr. Hugh Sherman,
of the well known firm of Sherman & Canaday,
retail groce: s. whose store and market is
located at Nos. 402 and 401 East South street.
Mr. Sherman is a native of Indiana and was
born in the city of South Bend, February 20,
1869. His father was Carl Sherman and his
mother Emma (Forward) Sherman. He re-
ceived his education in the public schools of

HUGH SHERMAN.

this city and when he had completed it began
active business life in the grocery trade, and
thoroughly learned every detail oi it. Four
years ago, with Mr. Harry C. Canaday, he

started in business under the style of Sherman
& Canaday. The store is a large one and the
stock carried a most complete and compre-
hensive one, including a full line of staple and
fancy groceries, imported and domestic rel-
ishes, potted and canned goods, flour, confec-
tionery, cigars, etc. The firm also conducts an
up-to-date market handling the best of fresh,
sat and smoked meats, lard, oysters, poultry,
game, etc. Mr. Sherman is a careful business
man of integrity and high standing. He is
single and popular in social circles.

HARRY G. CANADAY.

Mr. Harry G. Canaday, junior member of the
popular firm of Sherman & Canaday, retail

HAKRY G. CANADAY.

grocers and marketmen, at Nos. 402 and 40 1
East South street, is a native of Indiana and
was born in Laporte County, October 4, 1867.
He is a son of Mr. Harrison Canaday, who was
prominent in the grocery business in Laporte,
and Elizabeth (Shoemaker) Canaday. Young
Canaday received his education in the public
schools at Laporte and then worked on a farm.
He came to South Bend and found employment
at the Birdsell Manufactui ing Company's
where he remained until August. 1S96, when he
engaged in the grocery business and organize'!
the present firm. Mr. Canaday is a young bus-
iness man of prominence and high standing

338

SOUTH BEND

and has won success by fully deserving it. He
is unmarried and is popular in social circles
and highly esteemed.

DAN L. WRIGHT.

Mr. Dan D. Wright, senior member of the
firm of Wright & Lutze, bakers, whose store
and bakery is located at No. 41 S South Mich-
igan street, is a native of the Empire state,

stuffs, bread, pies, cakes, etc., and its trade
is with the leading hotels, restaurants, gro-
ceries, and private families. Mr. Wright is a
business man of practical ability and popular
with all who know him.

HENRY F. LUTZE.
Mr. Henry F. Lutze, junior member of the
linn of Wright & Lutze, wholesale and retail
bakers at No. 41S South Michigan street, was
born in Germany, at Asnabruck, March 1, 1875,
and his father, Fred Lutze, was successfully
engaged in the butcher business in that city.
Young Lutze was educated in the excellent
schools of his native land, and when he had
completed his education learned the trade of
a baker, and became most expert in that line,
in 1893 he came to America and went to Cin-
cinnati, Ohio, where he worked at his trade
four years. He then went to Buffalo. N. Y.,
Fredonia, N. Y.. and Franklin. Pa., where he
was engaged in the bakery business, and Sep-
tember 1st, 1900, came to South Bend. With
Mr. Dan L. Wright, he purchased the estab-
lished and popular bakery of F. P. Haskin &
Son, at No. 41S South Michigan street. This
is one of the finest and most complete bakeries

DAN L. WBIGHT.

and was born at Coining, N. Y., April 11, 1801.
and comes of a family well known in the
Southern Tier of New York Counties. His
father, Eli R. Wright, for many years had an
official position with the Erie Railway Com-
pany. His mother was Caroline (Lyons)
Wright. Young Wright was educated in the
public and high schools of his native city,
and when he had completed his education
decided to take up commercial life, and entered
the big dry goods store of Smith & Wait,
as errand boy, and rapidly rose to the position
of salesman, which he held for twenty years.
October 1, 1900, he came to South Bend, and
with Mr. Henry F. Lutze, organized the firm of
Wright & Lutze and bought the business of
F. P. Haskin & Son, one of the leading and
popular bakeries of the city. The plant is a
most complete one, the building a modern, two
story and basement brick, equipped especially
for the business. The firm makes choice bake

HENKY F. LUTZE.

in this city. The firm makes only the choicest
bread, rolls, cakes, pies and general bakery
goods, and does a large business. Mr. Lutze
is an expert baker and a business man of integ-
rity. He was married in 1897 to Miss Leah
Elmo Woodruff, of Horseheads, New York.

SOUTH BEND,

:::;'.)

FRED J. TEUSCHER.

Mr. Fred J. Teuscher, the well known whole-
sale haker, whose office and bakery is located
at 315 West Monroe street, is a native of Swit
zerland, and was born November 30, 1S67.
His father was Jacob Teuscher and his mother

FRED J. TEUSCEIER.

Anna (Dewaulder) Teuscher. Until he was
eighteen years of age he resided in his native
land and received a good education in the
schools there. In 1885 he came to America
and settled in Crawford County, Ohio, where
he learned the baker's trade, at which he
worked four years in Ohio, when he went to
Chicago, and then to Mishawaka. In 1892 he
came to South Bend and started the wholesale
baking business in which he has been most
successful. He was married in 1896 to Miss
Bertha Klosner, a most estimable lady, and has
two children, a boy and a girl.

A. R. BOECKLING.

Mr. A. R. Boeckling, one of South Bend's
successful young business men, is a native of
Indiana, and was born at Michigan City, Decem-
ber 8, 1871, and in that city was reared, educated
and lived until he had reached his majority.
He comes of a family prominent in Laporte
County. He received his education at St.
Ambrose Academy and had the benefit of a
careful training. When he had completed his

education he began active life in the grocery
house of Deming & Oliver at Michigan City,
where he remained until 1S92. He left that
firm to go to Indianapolis where he was engaged
in the real estate and fire insurance business
for six years. In 189S he came to South Bend,
and with his brother-in-law, Joseph F. Singler,
established the firm of A. R. Boeckling & Co.,
and engaged in the wholesale meat business in
which he has successfully continued. In 1900
he bought out the interest of his partner and
conducts the business alone. Mr. Boeckling
handles the best grades of meats from the
Chicago markets and sells to the trade in this
section. In 1S99 the Boeckling Agency Com-
pany organized, of which Mr. Boeckling is the
sole manager and under this style he does a
general insurance business making a specialty
of fire and plate glass insurance. Mr. Boeckling

A. R. BOECKLING.

is a young man of ability and business integrity
and is highly esteemed. He was married in
1S96 to Miss Nellie Donlon, of Indianapolis,
and with his estimable wife resides at No. 512
West Navarre street.

ELMER E. YODER.

Mr. Elmer E. Yoder. the popular retail
grocer, whose store is located at No. 502 West
Division street, coiner of Williams street,
is a native of Elkhart County, Indiana, and was
born September 13, 1864. His father, Samuel

340

SOUTH BSND.

Yoder. was a successful farmer, and his mother
was Elizabeth (Woods) Yoder. When he was
but one year of age his parents removed to St.
Joseph County, where he lived until he
reached his majority, and where he was edu-
cated in the district schools. He later atten-
ded the Morris Normal and Scientific school
at Morris, 111. In 18S5 he removed to Elkhart.

ELMER E. YODER.

where his father was engaged in tne agiicul-
tural implement business, in which he assisted
for two years. He then became a fireman on
the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern railroad,
where he remained one year, when he conduc-
ted a large farm at Sumption Praiiie for Mr.
Adam Lammedee, where he remained until
1897, when he came to South Bend, and in
February 1S98 started in his present business,
with Mr. Henry C. Denslow under the firm
name of Denslow &. Yoder. In December 1900
Mr. Yoder purchased the interest of his part-
ner and has since conducted the business
alone. He is a careful and prudent business
man of strict integrity and enjoys the esteem
of all. He was married in 1892 to Miss Katie
Lammedee, a daughter of Adam Lammedee,
and resides with his wife and two children,
Bernice, six years old, and Eldon, five years
old, at No. 329 South Taylor street.

CHARLES W. ARNOLD SR.
One of the most popular and genial members
of the business community of South Bend is
Mr. Charles W. Arnold, who has been an active

resident of the city for more then thirty years.
Mr. Arnold was born in the Kingdom of Sax-
ony on January 28, 1844. His father, Gottlieb
Arnold, was a successful farmer in his native
country. Mr. Arnod was reared and educa-
ted in Saxony and also learned the trade of a
blacksmith there. When he was twenty-two
years of age he resolved to come to America,
and on his arrival iu this country in 1867 he
came dr.ect to South Bend where he has re-
mained ever since and has won deserved suc-
cess. He at first, worked at his trade, but in
1876 he engaged in the bottling business which
has grown extensively under his energetic
management. He is a manufacturer and
wholesale dealer in soda waters or all kinds,
ginger ales and a variety of soft drinks which
have a large sale in South Bend and through-
out the surrounding country. His establish-
ment is located in the rear of No. 231 South
Michigan street and is equipped with every
modern appliance adapted to the business.
Since 1S89 he has also been the local agent

CHARLES W. ARNOLD. SR.

for the celebrated Anheuser-Busch Brewing
Association, and has built up a large Business,
for that great corporation, in this city and vi-
cinity. Mr. Arnold is a business man of ener-
gy, push and intelligence and is one of the
most popular men in the city. He has hosts
of friends and is a member of the Turner Ver-
ein. and the Maennerchor of this city. Mr.
Arnold was married to Miss Annie B. Bauer,

SOUTH BEND

341

of South Bend and with his family, consisting
of a son and daughter, resides at No. 231 South
Michigan stieet.

ARTHUR JOHNSON.
Mr. Arthur Johnson, one of South Bend's
successful business men. and proprietor of the
popular Central Market at No. 127 North Main

AinilL'lt JOHNSON.

street, is a native of Michigan and was born
at Niles, July 22, 1870. His father was Z. M.
Johnson, and his mother Sarah (Cable) John-
son. When he was but one year of age his
parents removed to South Bend, where he at-
tended the public schools until 1884 when he
went to Wichita, Kansas, where he completed
his education and resided until 1893. He
learned the butcher's trade and became an ex-
pert in his line. He went to Chicago in 1893
where he was engaged at his trade for two
yeai s. In 1S95 he returned to South Bend and
started in his present business. The Central
Market is a popular one and Mr. Johnson does
a large business. He handles ail kinds of
fresh, salt and smoked meats, lard, sausage,
etc. Mr. Johnson is a careful business man
and has won success by fully deserving it. He
was married in 1S96 to Miss Amy Hogue and
resides at No. 225 St. Joseph street.

ments are located at No. 123 kast Second
street. Mishawaka, and 110 East Washington
street. South Bend, is a business man who has
won deserved success by his own artistic abili-
ties. Mr. DeCocker is a native of Belgium,
and was born at Hansbeke, December 2, 1868.
His father was Levinus DeCocker and his
his mother Rosa (DeWinter) DeCocker. As
a boy he was educated in the schools of his
native land, and when he had completed his
education learned the tailor's trade and be-
came an expert cutter and garment maker. He
worked at his trade in his native land until
1893 when he came to America, and direct to
South Bend where he was engaged at his trade
for a short time. Then he came to Mishawaka
where he worked at his trade, and four years
ago established his present successful busi-
ness. Mr. DeCocker has a nicely appointed
store and does the highest class of fashionable
garment making for ladies and gentlemen and
has a large and constantly increasing trade.
He is an expert cutter and designer and em-

L. X. DE COCKER.
Mr. L. X. DeCocker, the fashionable gentle-
men's and ladies' tailor, whose two establish-

L. X. DE COCKER.

ploys only skilled garment makers. He shows
a fine line of the latest ladies and gents goods.
In February 1901 Mr. DeCocker opened a fash-
ionable tailoring establishment in South Bend.
He is a business man of high standing and
well known. He was married in 1899 to Miss
Emma easier, a native of Belgium, and resides
at No. 212 South Mid street, Mishawaka.

342

SOUTH BEND.

WILLIAM N. THOMAS.

Mr. William N. Thomas, the well known
marketman at No. S17 South Michigan street,
is a thoroughly successful business man. He
is a native of St. Joseph County. Indiana, and
was born January 9, 1S66. Mr. Thomas re-

W1LL1AM N. 1 lli 'MAS.

ceived his early education in the district
schools of the county, and lived at home until
he was seventeen years of age when he went to
Topeka, Kansas. Returning from that place
he went to Eikhart where he also attended
the public schools. In 1876 he went back to
Coffee County, Kansas, where he remained
until 1881, when he came to South Bend, where
he worked at painting for the Studebaker
Wagon Works for four years. His health
failing he gave up his position and engaged
in the meat business at his piesent location.
where he has been engaged since. He was
married in 1SS7 to Miss Laura English of this
city and has a daughter, Ruth, one year old,
and resides at No. 194 Elder street. Mr.
Thomas is a member of the Odd Fellows
fraternity.

FREDERICK J. RICHARTZ.

Mr. Frederick J. Richartz, so'.e proprietor
of the Star Laundry at No. 421 South Chapin
street, is a native of Germany, and was born
on the River Rhine, near the famous city of
Cologne, August 25, 1857, and was the son of

John and Katharine (Stock) Richartz. When
a boy but eleven years of age his parents came
to America and located at Terre Haute, Ind.
Here Young luchai tz was educated in the pub-
lic schools, although his early education was
secured in the schools of his native land. Mr.
Richartz is a self made man. When he was
twenty years of age he drove a milk wagon,
and later went to Chicago, where he learned
the laundry business from the beginning. For
ten years he was in the employ of Wilson
Bros., in the shiit factory in this city, and was
for six years loreman of the ironing depart-
ment. Leaving the employ of this firm he
started a laundry at No. 216 South Scott street,
known as Richartz Hand Laundry. Owing to
failing health he gave up active business
and went to Chicago. In 1895 he came back
and established the Star Laundry, of which
he is the sole owner. This laundry is one of
the best in the city and does the highest class
of hand and machine work and does a large

FUEDEKICK J. KICHAHTZ.

business. Mr. Richartz is a business man of
energy and a public spirited citizen. He was
married in 1885 to Miss Clara Semmler and
with his family of three children, consisting
of two girls and one boy, resides at No. 302
South Scott stieet.

ALBERT ERNEbT.
Mr. Albert Ernest, the well known uphols-
terer at No. 107 West Coitax avenue, was

SOUTH BEND.

::i:;

born in Germany March 18, 1870. His father
was Michael Ernest and his mother Caroline
(Kroll) Ernest. He was educated in the
schools of his native land, and when he had
finished his education he entered the Ger-
man Army, being a member of the 18th Regi-
ment of Field Artillery, serving from 1891 to
1894, when he was honorably discharged
from service and came to America. He went

ALBERT EHHEST.

to Chicago, and began working at the uphols-
tery trade, which he had learned in the oid
coutnry. He worked at his trade two years.
and then staited in business for himself where
he remained one year and then came to South
Bend, where he has since been located in a
successful and rapidly growing business. He
has a finely appointed store and shop and
does all kinds of artistic upholstering, making
a specialty of fine work on rich furniture. He
does work for the trade and for private in-
dividuals and his work is of the highest class.
Mr. Ernest is a business man of ability and
standing. He was married in 1895 to Miss
Anna Niernheim, who is also a native of
Germany, and resides at No. 730 Elizabeth
street.

GEORGE J. KENNEY.

Mr. George J. Kenney, manufacturer of a
number of sovereign remedies, and a retail
grocer, was born in the city of Buffalo, N. Y.,

July 8, 1846. He is a son of Thomas Kenney
and Mary J. (Clements) Kenney. When he
was six years of age his parents removed to
Chicago, and a year later, in 1853, came to
South Bend. In this city Mr. Kenney was
reared and educated. He attended the pub-
lic ana parochial scnoo.s and also the Uni-
versity of iNotre Dame. When he left school
he went into the grocery Dusiness with his
father, and in 1882 he starteu in business on
his own account. His store is at No. 516
East Water street, and he does a large busi-
ness. Three years ago Mr. Kenney, who ,s
an able chemist, began the manufacture of
several valuable remedies, that have effected
notable cures and are popular in many homes
in all parts of the United States and Canada.
Among these are Kenney s Wonderful Golden
Dyspepsia Cure; Kenney's Wonderful Grip
Remedy; Kenney's Wonderful Golden "Veg-
etable Blood Purifier and Blood Builder;
Kenney's Wonderful Golden Vegetable Liver
Pills; Kenney's Wonderful Golden Relief,
and Kenney's Wonderful Golden Female Pas

GEORGE J. KENNEY.

tiles. All of these remedies are careiuily
compounded by Mr. Kenney and guaranteed to
bring relief and cure in chronic cases. Mr.
Kenney is a careful business man and enjoys
the esteem of all who know nim. He was
married in 1882 to Miss Savanna A. Clements,
a native of Canada, and witn his estimable
wife resides at No. 517 East Water street.

344

SOUTH BEND.

WILLIAM' FUERBRINGER.
Mr. William Fuerbringer, the successful
tinsmith and sheet iron worker, whose of-
fice, store and shop is located at No. 3-!l
Wood street, corner of Madison street, is a
native of Indiana, and was bo.n in Harris
Township, St. Joseph County. May 10, 1851.
Mr. Fuerbringer is a son of Lawrence Fuer-

born in Poland, February 14, 1S63. He was
a son of Valentine Korpal and Josepha Kor-
pal. He lived in his native land until he
was eighteen years of age and was educated
in public and private schools. In 1871 he
came to America and direct to South Bend,
and found employment at the Studebaker
Wagon Works where he remained a year. He
next went to work at the O.ive.- Flow Works
where he remained seven years. In 1S77
Mr. Korpal was made Deputy Street Com-
missioner which position he heid three years,
when he became one of the Metropolitan
police and served three years. He was a
letter carrier and resigned his position in
1888 to start in his present business. In 1893
he built the large two story brick ^Iock at the
corner of Division and Mapie streets which
he now occupies as a grocery store, clothing
store and saloon. In 1SS4 he served two
years as a member of the Common Council.
He is a business man of the highest standing
and has done more than any other man here
to advance the interests of the Polish citi-
zens. He organized, and was for a number
of years an officer of the Kosciusko Building

WILLIAM n i;i;i:iiiM:tK.
bringer, who was a native of Bavaiia, and
who is still living here at a ripe old age, and
Catherine (Schriker) Fuerbringer. He was
born at Arzberg, Oberfranken, Bavaria, and
when he was but one year of age, his parents
removed to this city, and here he was reared
and educated. When he had finished his
schooling he learned the tinner's trade with
Neuberth & Benz, and was with that firm
five years. In 1871 Mr. Fuerbringer made
an extended tour of Europe and was abroad
eight months, when he l eturneu to South
Bend He then worked at his trade until
L886 when he started his present business in
which he has been very successful. The
premises occupied are large and he does all
kinds of tin work, roofing, spouting, guttering
and sheet iron work. Mr. Fuerbringer is a
self-made man and a popular citizen. He
was married in 1874 to Miss Jetta Sheeter.
a native of Bavaria, and resides at No. 902
Wist Oak street.

CHARLES V. KORPAL.
Mr. Charles V. Korpa , the well known
grocer at No. 1143 West Division street, was

l HAHLES V. Klllll'AL.

and Loan Association. He was the organizer
and twenty years president of St. Stanislaus
Society, and was an organizer of St. Appel
Society, and St. Valentine Society, all of
which he is a member. Mr. Korpal was
married in 1875 to Miss Katie Gonia, a native

SOUTH BEND.

345

of Poland. His son, Lott W. Korpal, born
August 23. 1877. manages the clotning and
gent's furnishing business.

JOHN C. GURDA.

Mr. John C. Gurda, the rising young attor-
ney at law. whose handsome offices are lo-
cated at No. 302 South Chapin street, is a
native of Poland, and was born there Octo-
ber 27, 1871, a son of Michael Gurda and

JOHN C. GlKDA.

Catherine U<oceja) Gurda. When but one
year of age his parents decided to come to
America and located at Milwaukee, Wis.,
where young Gurda was educated and reared.
In 1885 he entered the Jesuit CoJege in that
city where he took the classical course and
spent five years in hard study. In 1890 he
went to Detroit, Mich., where he spent two
years at St. Mary's Seminary and completed
the philosophical course. Mr. Gurda decided
upon the law as his life profession and en-
tered Kent College of Law at Chicago, where
he graduated as Bachelor of Laws in 1S99.
In the same year he came to South Bend,
and in 1900 began the practice of his profess-
ion, in which he has been most successful.
He is a young man of rare accomplishments
and graces and is popular in the profession.
Mr. Gurda was married in 1897 to Miss Mary
Kowalski and resides in his own home at
No. 263 South Chapin street.

VINCENT NIEDBALSKI.

Mr. Vincent Niedbalski, the well known
druggist at No. 1200 West Division street, is
a native of Poland, and was born at Posen,
in May, 1858, the son of Valentine and Vic-
toria Niedbalski. As a boy he was reared
in his native country and educated in the
public and private schools. He lived in
Po.and until he was sixteen years of age
when he came to America and located at
Rondout, N. Y., where he lived two years,
when he went to Port Austin, Michigan, where
he was engaged in the lumber trade and saw-
mill business. He also lived at Bay City,
and in 187S came to South Bend, where he
w-orked alternately for the Oliver, Studebaker
and the Singer Companies. In 1882 he en-
gaged in the grocery business which he con-
tinued for two years, when he entered the em-
ploy of Meyer Livingston and later Charles
V. Korpal. .In 1893 he started in the drug
business, and studied pharmacy one year un-

VIMKNT NIEDBALSKI.

der Prof. Stanley, now Professor of Pharmacy
at Notre Dame. He has a nice corner store
and a feature is a handsome soda fountain.
A full line of staple and fancy drugs is car-
ried and prescriptions aie carefuLy com-
pounded. Mr. Niedbalski is a young man of
integrity. He was married in 1S86 to Miss
Katie Szybowiz. and resides at No. 1107
Napier street.

346

SOUTH BEND

CHARLES H. ROESSLER.

Mr. Char.es N. Roessler, the suecest'ul
baker at No. 402 West Marion street, is one
01 South Bend's business men wno have justly
earned their business success. Mr. Roessler

Mr. Roessler makes a specialty ot fine bread
and rolls and does an enormous business.
Mr. Roessler was married in 187 6 to Miss
Rosa Kathrina Rousch, and with his estimable
wife, and son, Edward F. Roessler, resides at
No. 402 West Marion street.

<«Oi

JOSEPH M. SULLIVAN.

Mr. Joseph M. Sullivan, who is well known
in South Bend and the surrounding country as
a manufacturer of fine cigars is a native of
this city. His father, Michael Sullivan, was
also well known here. The young man atten-
ded the public schools and St. Patrick's Acad-
emy, and was for years engaged in the retail
liquor business. In 1899 he commenced the
manufacture of cigars in Mishawaka, and has
achieved a well deserved success, and built
up an excellent business which extends
throughout the city and surrounding country.
His principal brands are the "Court House. '
the "Gunsaulus," the "Colonel." and the "Court
House Buds." all of which are guaranteed of

i II \ULES II. ROESSLER.

was born in Bavaria, November 25, 1S4S, and
his father was John Roessier and his mother
Katrina tMarttu Roessler. He lived at

Overpoltz, Bavaria, Germany, until he was
twenty-one yeais of age, and atter he had
finished his education in the common schools
he was apprenticed to a woolen manufacturer
and learned the trade of carding and weav-
ing. Finishing his trade ne worked at it
eight years in various German cities and then
decided to come to America. In 1870 he
started and came direct to Soutu Bend, and
found employment at the Studebaker factory,
where he remained two years, when he went
to work for i^ouis Nickel, Jr. Here ne be-
came an expert fancy and pastry baker, and
remained with Mr. Nickel twenty-five years,
and prepaied the fine pastry for the most
notable dinners, banquets, weddings and social
functions served by Mr. Nickei. In 1896 ne
built his present two story brick building,
fitting it expressly for a baKery, and started
in business for himself, and maites a specialty
of every kind of fine pastry, wedding and
party cakes, fancy cakes, cream puffs, choco-
late eclairs, charlotte russe, jelly rolls, and
every variety of fine and palatable delicacies.

.IOSEPII M. SULLIVAN.

excellent quality, perfect workmanship and
which are universally popular. Mr. Sullivan's
factory is located at No. 127 West Washinton
street and the firm of J. M. Sullivan & Co..
employs only the most skilled workmen and
the best grades of tobaccos. He is popular in
the community and is a member of tne Inde-
pendent Catholic Order of Forresters and the

SOUTH BEND,

347

Ancient Order of Hibernians. Mr. Sullivan
was married to Miss Annie O'Day, of South
Bend, and with his wife and interesting
daughter resides at No. 336 South Scott street.

CHARLES W. CROFOOT.

Mr. Charles W. Croioot, the successful groc-
er whose store is located at No. 755 South
Michigan street, has Deen engaged in the

CHARLES W. CHOFOOT.

grocery business for thirty-five years, and
has thoroughly mastered every detail of the
business. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio,
April 9, 1850, and is the son of John L. and
Elizabeth (Burt) Crofoot, who removed to
South Bend when he was a boy, and his father
who was an expert wagon and carriage maker,
was engaged by the Studebaker Bros. Manu-
facturing Company. Mr. Crofoot attended the
public schools in South Bend until he was
thirteen yeais of age when his parents re-
moved to Niles, Mich., where he remained for
twenty years. In 1882 he went to Eau Claire,
Michigan, and for eight years was engaged
in the retail grocery business. In 1890 he
came to South Bend and established nis pres-
ent business which has been most successful.
Mr. Crofoot carries a large and complete stock
of groceries. He is popular in the community
and maintains an excellent free delivery ser-

vice for his trade. He was married in 1SS2
to Miss Lillie Drane, a native of Cass County,
Michigan, and resides at No. 141 East Sample
street.

LOUIS H. JOHNSON.

Mr. Louis H. Johnson, member of the firm
of Johnson & Goodall, cut stone contractors,
is a native of the Empire State, and was born
at Rochester, N. Y.. October 5th, 1852. His
father was Harrison Johnson, and his mother
Cynthia (Paddock) Johnson. Voung Johnson
attended the public schools in the Flower City,
and when he was eleven years of age his par-
ents removed to Lima, N. Y., and two years
later to Arcade, N. Y., and at both places he
attended school. At Arcade he learned the
trade of stone cutting and became an expert.
He then went to Boston, Mass., where for three
years he worked for leading contractors in
this line. In 1884 he went to Elyria, Ohio,
where he remained until 1887, when he came
to South Bend, and established the firm of
Johnson & May, which continued until 1895.
when Mr. Johnson bought out his partner, and

LOUIS H. JOHNSON.

continued the business alone until 1899, when
the present firm of Johnson & Goodall was
organized. Mr. Johnson is a successful busi-
ness man and during his career in this city
has furnished the stone for many fine build-
ings here and in this section. Among them
may be mentioned the Madison, Lafayette and

348

SOUTH BEND

Laurel schools in this city, and the Public
Library. Also the Infirmary at Warsaw,
Gardner House, at Dowagiac, Mich., Jail at
St. Josepn, Mich., and Old People's nome, at
Avilla, Ind. The St. Joseph county Savings
Bank bui.ding, is the handsomest cut stone
building in the city, every blocK being cut in
the yards of Johnson & Goodall. Mr. Johnson
was married in 1877 to Miss Genevieve Pet-
tinger of Shiloh, Ohio.

AUGUST NELSON.

Among South Bend's successful manufac-
turers and business men. Mr. August Nelson,
of the well known firm of Russeii & Nelson,
manufacturers of mattresses, pillows, etc., is
a type of a reliant and self made man. Mr.
Nelson is a native of Sweden and was born
August 18. 1861. His father was Nels Ander-
sen, and his mother Marie (Erickson) Ander-
sen. Until he was twenty-one years of age
he lived in Sweden and was educated in the
schools there. In 1S82 he came to America
and direct to South Bend where he was em-
ployed in Oliver Plow Works for over four
yeais. He then engaged in the retail grocery

AUGUST NELSON.

business which he has since successfully fol-
lowed. In 1894 Mr. Nelson formed a partner-
ship with Mr. Robert C. Russell, under the

style of Russell & Nelson, and began the man-
ufacture of mattresses, feather pillows, excel-
sior, shoddy, etc., and the business has grown
rapidly, the output of the factory being about
25,000 per year. Mr. Nelson is also in the
grocery and market business at Nos. 416-418
South William street, where he does a large
business. He is a business man of standing
and integrity and widely known. He was
married in 1898 to Miss Annie Marie Fern,
of this city, and with his estimable wife re-
sides at No. 418 South William street.

OTTO J. ZIPPERER.
Mr. Otto J. Zipperer whose extensive bottling
works are located at No. 418 West Madison

OTTO J. ZIPPERER.

street, has been successfully engaged in busi-
ness in this city for the past twelve years and
is well known in this community. Mr. Zipper-
er was born in Manitowoc, Wisconsin, October
26, 1872. His father whom he succeeded in
business was Alex. Zipperer and his mother
Josephine Zipperer. When a child his father
removed to Eau Claire, Wis., and here the youn;;
man acquired his early education, which was
supplemented at Ashland, Wis., where his fath-
er afterward removed. Mr. Zipperer worked
for his father, who was engaged in the bottling
business, and came with him to South Bend in
1888. Here he continued with his father until
two years ago, when his father retired and he

SOUTH BEND.

340

assumed the sole management of the business.
Mr. Zipperer has an extensive establishment
which is supplied with every modern mechani-
cal appliance adapted to the business, and is one
of the largest manufacturers and bottlers of
soda and mineral waters, ginger ales, etc, in
the city. He also does an extensive business
in charging portable soda fountains for drug-
gists and others, and bottles Husting's Milwau-
kee Weis Beer, and the superior beers manufac-
tured by the Muessel Brewing Company, of
this city. Mr. Zipperer is an active and ener-
getic business man. and his success has been
largely earned by nis straightforward manner
of transacting business. He was married in
1894 to Miss Laura Mainer, a native of this city
and has a family of two children. He is a mem-
ber of the local Turn-Verein and the W. O. W.

Domke, he established the firm of Melber &
Domke, which occupies a fine market and does
a large business. They handle the best of
fresh, salt and smoked meats, sausage, lard,
hams, etc. Mr. Melber is a popular business
man and has won success by deserving it. He
is a member of the Sons of Herman. Mr. Mel-
ber was married to Miss Lena Domke, and re-
sides in a pretty home at No. 113 Studebaker
street.

PAUL DOMKE.
Mr. Paul Domke. junior member of the firm
of Melber & Domke, successful marketmen at
No. 1224 West "Washington street, is a native

JOHN MELBER.

Mr. John Melber, junior member of the firm
of Melber & Domke, marketmen, whose store is
at No. 1224 West Washington street, is a native
of Germany, and was born August 13, 1864. He
comes of an esteemed family and was reared
and educated in his native land, and lived there
until 1888, when he decided to come to America,
and located at South Bend where he has since
resided, and where he is prominent and suc-

JOHN MELBER.

cessful in his chosen business. He learned the
butcher's trade and until 1894 was in the whole-
sale meat business. In that year with Mr. Paul

PAUL DOMKE.

of Germany, and was born April 25, 1S74. He
is a son of William Domke and Adeline (Krue-
ger) Domke. He was educated in the schools
of his native land, and in 1889 he came to Amer-
ica and to South Bend where he has since re-
sided. After coming here he learned the
butcher's trade and continued at it until 1S94,
when with Mr. John Melber, he started in the
market business under the present style of
firm. The market is large and nicely fitted
and the firm handles a choice line of fresh,
smoked and salt meats, lard, poultry, game,
sausage, etc., and does a large business. Mr.
Domke is a young business man of the highest
standing and integrity. He is a member of the
Sons of Herman and is popular in German soc-
ial circles.

350

SOUTH BEND,

JAMES NELSON.

Mr. James Nelson, widely known in this city,
as a street, sewer and paving contractor, whose
office is at No. 602 West Division street, is u
native of New Jersey, and was horn at Bruns-
wick, August 8, 1S61, his father being Bernard
Nelson, a mason contractor, and his mother
Ann (Green) Nelson. He came to South Bend
with his parents when but two years of age,
and was educated in the public and private
schools. When he had completed his education
he was engaged in business with his father, in
building streets, sewers, and paving and con-
inued until 1885 when he started in business
for himself. Mr. Nelson put in the first single
layer of brick pavement done in the city of
South Bend, on North and South Main streets.

and followed that fine for several years. In
1S96 he came to South Bend and engaged in the
bicycle business under the style of Prazier,

-~v ■

EDWARD Q. ROBERTS.

Roberts & Frazier. After three years he sold
out and organized the firm Roberts & Rost,
which coninued until July 1900 when Mr. Rob-
erts purchased Mr. Rost's interest, and is now
engaged in the bicycle, sporting goods and cigar
business at No. 138 South Michigan street. He
was married in 1898 to Miss Lillian M. Moulder
of Philadelphia, and resides in a handsome
home which he has recently built at Berner
Grove.

.TAMES NELSON.

He is an expert in his line and has built many
large sewers and completed many paving con-
tracts for the city. He is a business man of
high standing and enterprise and is esteemed
by all.

EDWARD G. ROBERTS.
Mr. Edward G. Roberts, is a native of Bur-
lington, New Jersey, and was born on a farm
August 27, 1S62. He was a son of William
Roberts and Elizabeth (James) Roberts. When
seven years of age his parents died and he went
to reside with an aunt in Philadelphia, and
there received his education in the public
schools. He learned the trade of a carpenter

CHARLES M. SCHUELL.

Mr. Charles M. Schuell is a successful op-
tician of this city and ranks deservedly high.
He is a native of Germany and was born in
1870. When but two years of age his parents
came to this country ana direct to South Bend,
and here in the public schools young
Schuell was educated. He began life in the
jewelry trade and continued in that line until
1898 when he retired and decided to take up
optology. He took a special course at the
Martin Opthmalogy College at Chicago where
he finished in January, 1900. In his profes-
sion he has been successful and built up a
large practice. His offices are located at No.
117 North Michigan street, and are fitted with
all modern appliances for this line.

SOUTH BEND

351

CHARLES M. STARR.

Mr. Charles M. Starr was born near Bu-
chanan, Mich., June 21, 1867, and is a son 61
Samuel M. Starr and Elizabeth (VanNamee)

established the South Bend Steam Dye
Works, which he has successfully conducted
since. The plant is a complete one and Mr.
Rafflaub does the highest class of steam dying
and cleaning, and does it after the best French
processes that do not injure the fabrics. He
makes a specialty of dying and cleaning
ladies' shawls, dresses, ribbons, feathers, etc.
Gentleman's wearing apparel is scoured, dyed
and renovated in the best manner. Mr.
Rafflaub is a business man of high standing
and has won his success by fully deserving it.
He was married in 1882 to Miss Henrietta
Lambin. and with his wife and family lives
at No. 737 California avenue.

ROBERT LIEBELT.

Mr. Robert Liebelt, manager of the South
Bend Book Bindery, at No. 203 North Michigan
street, is a successful and wide.y known bus-
iness man who has won his business success
by his own unaided efforts and by fully deserv-
ing it. Mr. Liebelt is a native of Germany and
was born April 26, 1858. and is a son of Henry
Liebelt, and Rosalie (Koepke) Liebelt. He
was educated in the schools of his native land

CHARLES M. STARR.

Starr. He was born and reared on a farm
and attended the district school until he was
ten years of age when his parents moved to
Edwardsburg, Mich. For one year he took
a mechanical course in the University of
Michigan. In 1892 he came to South Bend
and remained a year. In 1897 he returned
and has since been engaged in the bicycle
business at 222 West Washington street.

GEORGE RAFFLAUB.

Mr. George Rafflaub, proprietor of the
South Bend Steam Dye Works, at No. 123 Col-
fax avenue, was the founder of steam dying
in this city, and has built up a large trade
among the leading families of the city. Mr.
Rafflaub is a native of Alsace Loraine, and
was born April 23, 1853. His father was
Michael Rafflaub, and his mother Elizabeth
(Clemens) Rafflaub. Until he was eighteen
years of age he lived in his native land and
received his education in the schools there.
In 1871 he came to America and to Chicago,
where he resided the greater part of the fol-
lowing fifteen years, and where he learned
every detail of the steam dying and cleaning
business. In 1SS3 he came to South Bend and

ROBERT LIEBELT.

and then learned the printers' trade. In 1S80
he came to South Bend and was employed at
the works of the Studebaker Brothers Manu-
facturing Company for one year, and then fin-
ished learning the trade of an expert book

352

SOUTH BEND

binder, and in 1SS2 started in the book bind-
ing business alone, which he continued until
1888, when he took his brother into partner-
ship under the style of Liebelt Bros., this
partnership continuing until 1896. when Mr.
Liebelt established the South Bend Book
Bindery at No. 203 North Michigan st eet,
which he has successfully continued and built
up a large business. He has a large store
and carries a complete line of books, toys,
stationery, etc., and makes a specialty of fine
book binding aud picture framing. Mr. Liebelt
is a business man of integrity and energetic
methods. He was married in 1889 to Miss
Anna Kuespert, and resides at No. 654 Bur-
roughs street.

LE ROY EASTWOOD.

Mr. Le Roy Eastwood, whose lamented
death occurred at Los Angeles. California, on
December 15. 1SS9, was well known in this

LE ROY EASTWOOD.

city and was one of our most prominent bus-
iness men. He had gone to California on
account of catarrhal affection, and death
came to him in a strange land. Mr. Eastwood
was forty-four years of age when he died, and
he came to South Bend, with his father
shortly after the war. For years he and his
father were engaged in the meat business, at
Main and Center streets where the Oliver
Opera house now stands, but they were burned

out, losing heavily, as their insurance had ex
pired but the day before. Young Eastwood
then engaged in the same business for him-
self, and at the time of his death he owned
and conducted the largest meat market in
Northern Indiana. He was tne agent for
Armour & Co., in this section of the state and
transacted an extensive wholesale business.
During the war Mr. Eastwood served his
country as a member of a Cavalry regiment
from Wisconsin, and was a brave and honor-
able soldier. He was a most genial gentle-
man, a thorough business man and a public
spirited citizen who was endeared to hosts
of friends. He left a widow Mrs. Susan East-
wood, and this most estimable lady is still
living, and two daughters. He was a member
of the Odd Fellows, Royal Arcannm. and the
Knights of the Maccabees, and his funeral
which was largely attended, was conducted by
the impressive ceremonial of the Odd Fellows
fraternity. At his death his family received
a touching letter of condolence from the late
Philip D. Armour which was a tribute to his
high qualities as a man, and which is highly
prized.

JAMES H. MASON.

Mr. James H. Mason was born February 27,
1S4S, at Lumberton, Burlington County, New
Jersey, and was educated in the public schools
of that place and lived there until he was about
twenty-two years of age. In July 1863 he began
the trade of a wheel-wright at New Egypt. N.
J. After a year he went to Washington, D. C.
and volunteered his services and during 1861-
1865 was in the Quartermaster's department,
and in service in "Virginia. After the war he
engaged at his trade and in 1870 came to South
Bend where he remained a year and returned
to his native state. In 1873 he returned and
worked at his trade until 1881 when he started
his present business. Mr. Mason manufactures
light and heavy wagons and buggies and does
general blacksmithing and repairing. He was
married in 1870 to Miss Mary A. Rinear of New
Jersey.

JOSEPH SEAFER.

Among the successful business men of South
Bend Mr. Joseph Seafer, the well known manu-
facturer of wagons, carriages, etc., at No. 221
North Michigan street holds a high place. Mr.
Seafer has been in business here for over
twenty years and has built up a most extensive
trade, and one which demands larger
facilities, which Mr. Seafer will soon meet by

SOUTH BEND.

353

organizing a stock company with a capital of
$10,000.00. building additions, enlarging his
plant, and manufacturing wagons, carriages,
buggies, etc., on a much larger scale. Mr.
Seafer was born in Germany. November 4,
1S56, and is a son of Christian Seafer and lived
there until he was eight years of age when his

■

JOSEPH SEAFER.

parents can.e to America and located at Monroe,
Mich., where his father was engaged in the
construction of the Lake Shore & Michigan
Southern Railroad. After a short time the
family removed to Hillsdale. Mich., and in 1871
Mr. Seafer came to South Bend and learned the
trade of expert horseshoeing with Mr. Joan H.
Chockelt. He then started in business for
himself. He is an expert horseshoer and gives
skilled attention to the care of horses' feet
and to properly shoeing them, and handles the
best animals in the city. Mr. Seafer is well
known and esteemed. He was married many
years ago to Miss Mary Bauer, and resides at
No. 221 North Michigan street.

Henry Miller, and a brother of the late Hon.
William Miller and Joseph Miller, of this city.
At the age of fourteen Mr. Miller entered a
printing office in his native town and learned
the printer's trade, studying diligently at
home during the evenings. When he was
seventeen he came, with his parents, to St.
Joseph County, Indiana, where he worked in
the office of "The Free Press." In 1839 he went
to Niles, Mich., and established the "Repub-
lican." a weekly paper, and took an active part
in the organization of the Whig party. In 1844
he sold the paper and went to Kalamazoo,
Mich., where he founded the "Michigan Tele-
graph," which supported Henry Clay for the
presidency. In 1845 he disposed of his paper
and went to Buffalo. N. Y.. where he estab-
lished the "Buffalo Telegraph." the second
German newspaper published in the United
States. For twelve years he conducted the
paper, and in 1S4S he completely revolutionized
the German vote in the campaign of that year.
After Gen. Taylor's election as president, Mr.
Miller was appointed Superintendent and
Inspector of Light Houses on the Northern
Lakes, and held this office until removed by
President Pierce. He then sold his paper and

HON H. B. MILLER.

The Hon. H. B. Miller, whose death occurred
at the Grand Pacific hotel, on November 19,
1889. after a painful surgical operation of
Bright's disease, was well and prominently
known in this community. Mr. Miller was a
native of Lebanon County, Pa., and was born
April 16, 1S19. He was the second son or"

HON. n. B. MILLER.

secured the contract for constructing a line of
telegraph from Quebec to Montreal. Later he
secured the contract for deepening and widening
the Erie Canal to Black Rock. He was then
elected a State Senator from his New York
district and ably served in that state until 1865

354

SOUTH BEND

when he went to Chicago, 111. Here he served
with honor in the legislature of Illinois, and
later was elected Treasurer of Cook county.
During his later years he was identified with
the great distillery interests of the country, and
for years was president of the famous "Pool,"
which he practically organized. He then re-
tired from active business and came to South
Bend to reside in a beautiful home at No. 1013
East Jefferson street. He was married in 1840
to Miss Esther Bowman, daughter of one of the
early pioneers of this county, and had six
children, three of whom died in infancy. Mr.
Miller was always the most generous of men.
He gave liberally to the support of churches of
all denominations, and no friend in need ever
applied to him in vain. For years it was his
earnest desire to return to the home of hi?
youth, and where he had won and married his
wife, and the mother of his children. After his
retirement he indulged in a number of extensive
pleasure trips and visited Europe and the con-
tinent. He was a most genial companion, a
strong and forceful writer, a popular speaker.
and as a business man of energy and foresight
he had no superiors. He was nominated for
Mayor of this city in 1SSS but failed of election.
His death was sincerely mourned by his
family and a large circle of warm friends who
had known him while in life. Mr. Miller's two
daughters. Mrs. Katherine Reed and Miss Clara
Miller, reside in this city. The pall bearers at
his funeral were J. B. Stoll. J. M. Studebaker.
William Mack. Irving A. Sibley. T. J. Hill and
C. A. Kimball.

JOSHUA SANDAGE.
The late Joshua Sandage. whose death oc-
curred in this city Sunday, November 7.
1897, was an honored citizen of South Bend
for many years, and contributed materially to
the advancement of the city. Mr. Sandage
was born in Perry County, Indiana. January
18, 1837, and came of a family well known
in that section. He received his early edu-
cation in the schools in the vicinity of his
home. As a boy he early displayed mechan-
ical skill and an inventive mind, and learned
the blacksmith trade and then took up me-
chanics and perfected himself. His clear
mechanical insight, his exceptional skill with
tools and his forceful energy advanced him,
and he invented a steel wagon skein and a
drop press that are in use in all parts of the
world and have made his name famous as an
inventor. For years he was engaged in the
manufacturing business at Moline, Rockfoid
and Carpentersville, 111., and in 1882 he came

to South Bend where he remained until his
death. For several years he was engaged by
the Studebaker Bros. Manufacturing Company
in making steel skeins, and then he formed
the company that developed into the present
Sandage Steel Skein Company, one of the
large industries of the city. Mr. Sandage
invented an improved steel skein upon which
patents were not granted until after his
death, but which are in general use. His
life was an active one and ne was a man of
the highest honor and character. Mr. San-
dage was married in Perry County, Indiana,
April S, 1860. and his most estimable wife and
eight children survive him. His funeral was

JOSHUA SANDAGE.

conducted by the Rev. C. D. Case of the First
Baptist church, who delivered a touching
eulogy on the life and character of the de-
ceased. The pall bearers were William
Mack. George T. Hodson, J. G. Keltner, Thos.
Freeman, D. M. Calvert, George A. Ullery. Mr.
Sandage's life was an epitome of generous
deeds and his memory will long be cherished
by those who knew him in life.

ALEXANDER WRIGHT.

Mr. Alexander Wright, the expert horse
shoer and farrier at No. 124 St. Joseph street,
occupies an enviable place in his line of busi-
ness. He is a native of London, Ontario, and
was born June 15, 1862. His father, James

SOUTH BEND

355

Wright, was a native of Scotland, and
learned the trade of horse shoeing in his native
land. The subject of this sketch was born on
a farm, and in the same house in which his
mother was born. He was educated in the
public schools, and then learned the trade
which he now so successfully follows.
When he was twenty years old he came to

country until he was twenty-five years of age.
In 183S he took passage in the sailing vessel
"Albion" from Glasgow to Montreal, Canada,
and on arriving there, he located in "Little
York," which afterward became part of the
city of Toronto. He was engaged there one
year when he removed to Buffalo, N. Y., and
afterward worked at nis trade in Cleveland,
Pittsburg, Cincinnati, and Louisville. In

1835 he came to Indiana traveling by stage to
Lafayette and Logansport and then to South
Bend on foot. He reached this city May 12,
1835, and at once engaged in the merchant
tailoring business and for years was in part-
nership with Alexander Cameron. He was
also connected with the first woolen mill in
this city which occupied the "old red mill"
which was originaliy a grist mill, and erected
by Alexis Coquillard. This venture, however,
was not successful. In 1847 Mr. Elder pur-
chased twenty acres of land on tne Michigan
road, South of the town, which has since be-
come valuable city property. Here he con-
ducted a small dairy farm, and uuilt the
house in which he lived for nearly half a
century, and which occupied the site of the
present Elder school, which was named after

ALEXANDER WRIGHT.

Mishawaka and worked at his trade and then
went to Winnipeg, Manitoba, where he re-
mained two years. He next went to Sarnia,
Ontario, where he stayed two years and in 1887
he returned to Mishawaka and then came to
South Bend where he has since resided. Mr.
Wright holds a high place as an expert in his
trade and makes a specialty of fine work on
road and carriage horses, and on track
horses, and does a large business. He was
married in 1887 to Miss Hattie R. Gay, of
Mishawaka, and resides in a pretty new home
at No. 613 Clinton street.

JOHN ELDER.
One of the earliest and most highly honored
of the pioneer settlers in South Bend was Mr.
John Elder, whose death occurred on October
7. 1895. Mr. Elder was born in Linlitngow-
shire, Scotland, November 11, 1808. and was
the son of Robert Elder, a well-to-do farmer,
and the second eldest of a family of eleven
children. As a young man he learned the
tailor's trade, and remained in his native

JOHN ELDER.

him. He atterward laid out the Elder addi-
tion to South Bend, which is a charming sec-
tion of the city. Mr. Elder was a member of
the Presbyterian church since early boyhood
in Scot. and, and was one of uie charter mem-

356

SOUTH BEND.

bers of the First Presbyterian church of this
city. In politics he was an ardent "Whig."
He was an original "Tippecanoe man," and
organized the county for W. H. Harrison for
president in 1840, and in 18S8 and 1892 he
was most active, as a Republican, in advocat-
ing the election of Benjamin Harrison to the
same high office. Mr. Elder was one of the
best known men in the city and was most
highly esteemed. In 1838 he was married to
Miss Emily A. Sweet, a native or Connecticut,
and they were the parents of nine children.
Those now living are: Mrs. W. M. Whitten.
Mrs. S. A. Hillier. of this city; John \V . Elder
and Mrs. F. A. \\ illiams, of Riverton, Neb..
and William and Sidney Elder, of Seattle,
Washington. Mrs. Elder the estimable wife,
and loving mother, died December 9. 1S94, at
the age of seventy-eignt years, be:oved by all.
At his funeral which was largely attended,
the honorary pall bearers wTere: David Stover,
Almond Bugbee, Isaac Gorsuch. Lee P. John-
son. Hon. William Miller and J. C. Knoblock.
The active pa'l bearers were Myron Campbell.
J. M. Chillas. J. H. Dunn. Thomas J. Slick,
Albert Myers and B. F. Dunn.

DR. JOSHUA A. KETTRING.

A physician of rare ability and prominence
and a citizen of usefulness passed away in
the death of Dr. Joshua A. Kettring, which oc-
curred Thursday morning. April 7, 18S7. Dr.
Kettring was bon at Limaville. Portage Coun-
ty, Ohio. December 30. 1848. His father was
a successful agriculturist and he was reared
on a farm, and attended the country school,
and afterward was a student at Mt. Union
College. Alliance. Ohio. In 1869 he came to
South Bend and found employment as a clerk
in the drug store of Dr. Rupp. One day Dr.
Rupp sent him to Lakeville to collect some ac-
counts, and while there Dr. Kettring bought
a half interest in a drug store and began busi-
ness for himself. After one year he sold his
business and entered the medical department
of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor,
where he studied one year and then entered
the Rush Medical Co'lege at Chicago where
he graduated. He returned to South Bend
and shortly after went to Woodland, in
this county, where he practiced nearly four
years. He left here and attended a series
of lecture courses and in May. 1877. began
practice in this city. He was successful from
the start, and his large practice soon told him
that physicaly he would be unable to attend
to it. and he decided to make a specialty of
eye and ear diseases, and gave up his general

practice and going to Chicago in October, 1S77,
took a thorough course for one year in the
Illinois Eye & Ear Inhrmary. He returned
here and practiced eighteen months, but owing
to sickness in his family he went to Colorado,
and afterward located in Lincoin, Nebraska,
where he practiced his specialty for a year.
In 1881 he returned to South Bend and prac-
ticed his profession fifteen months and then
went to Europe and remained six months.
Upon his return he continued his practice until
his death. He was president of the Y. M. C.
A. for a number of years. Dr. Kettring was
married December 24. 1874. to Miss Elizabeth

DR. JOSHUA A. KBTTRTNG.

Greene, the o.dest daugnter of Mr. and Mrs.
Daniel Greene, of this city. His widow sur-
vives him. The funeral of Dr. Kettring was
held Easter Sunday, April 10, 1887, and the
entire community was a mourner at his bier
The remains lay in state several hours and
were viewed by thousands and the funeral was
the largest ever seen in the city. The services
were conducted by Rev. George T. Keller, as-
sisted by Revs. N. D. Williamson and H. M.
Middleton. The services at the grave were
conducted by the Odd Fellows, of which he
was a member, and Hon. George Ford deliv-
ered a short address. The active pall bearers
were Drs. L. H. Dunning, S. L. Kilmer, C. A.
Daugherty and W. T. Montgomery, of Chicago,
and Mr. Joseph D. Oliver and Mr. Elmer
Crockett.

SOUTH BEND.

357

HENRY CLAY MORGAN.

Among the best known residents of St. Jo-
seph County, and a gentleman whose popular-
ity is as general as his acquaintance is Mr.
Henry Clay Morgan, of South Bend. Mr.

Morgan was born in this city July 20, 1S42.
His father, Charles Morgan, was a prominent
carpenter and wed known in this locality, and
was a native of North Carolina. His mother
was Sarah Morgan, who was a native of New
Jersey. Mr. Morgan was educated in the
public schools of this city, and when he was
old enough worked on a farm for seven sum-
mers. In 1860 he began learning the trade
of a wagon maker with Whitten & Coonrod
of this city, as an indentured apprentice at

IIENHY CLAY MOKtiAK.

$25.00 a year. He gave up his trade and

enlisted in Co. B, 15th Indiana Volunteer In-
fantry which went out on a three months
call. The quoto was full and the legiment
not accepted but later was reorganized and
served through the war. Mr. Morgan re-
turned home and engaged as a grocery clerk
with Mr. John Day and remained until August
16, 1862, when he enlisted in Co. C, 73d In-
diana Volunteer Infantry and went to the
front serving with distinction until the close
of the great internecine conflict. Mr. Mor-
gan saw hard service in Tennessee, Kentucky
and Alabama, his regiment being in Wood's
Division of the 20th Army Corps o. the Army
of the Cumberland. Mr. Morgan was in the

famous battles of Stone River and Murfrees-
boro. His regiment, with the 51st Indiana,
was the first of the whole army to cross Stone
River under Are of the enemy. Two days
later it was engaged for twenty minutes at
short range in terrib.e fighting and lost one-
third of the men engaged, but drove the rebels
back and won the battle. General Rosecrans
complimented the men in person immediately
alter the battle and recognized these facts.
iur. Morgan participated in the raid with Col.
Streight in which his regiment was captured
and he, with the other prisoners, was sent to
Belle .Isle, near Richmond, Va., where they
were paroled a month later. His regiment
was mustered out July 4, 18u5, anu Mr. Mor-
gan returnea to South Bend, and again en-
tered the grocery of Mr. John Day, where he
remained untu he started in the grocery busi-
ness tor himself, with Mr. Charles George,
under the firm name of Morgan & Cieorge on
North Main street. This partnership con-
tinued six years when Mr. ivioigan purchased
his partner's interest, moved his store to
Washington street and conducted it alone for
six years. He then took Mr. Henry Porter
into the business under the style oi Morgan
& Porter, and six years later sold his interest
to Mr. Porter. In rS88 he bought an interest
in the Dodge Mfg. Co., of Mishawaka, which
ne sold in 1897 and retired irom active unsi-
ness. In 1896 Mr. Morgan was eiecteu to tne
common council and served four years. He
was chairman of the street committee and
many of the most extensive improvements
were made during his regime, one being the
making of streets and sidewalks flush so that
cripples and old people were not compelled
to step up and down at crosswalks and in-
tersections. Mr. Morgan was married in
1869 to Miss Phoebe Wadhams, daughter of
Carlton Wadhams, and with his estimable
wife, and son, Carlton Wadhams Morgan, ie-
sides in a handsome home at No. 619 South
Michigan street.

CARL LEDERER.

There was genuine sorrow in German circles
of South Bend when the announcement was
made of the death of Mr. Carl Lederer which
occurred at his home on Friday, January 5,
1900. Mr. Lederer was widely known here as
a business man of high standing and as a
genial, popular and public spirited citizen. Mr.
Lederer was born in Arzberg, Bavaria, Novem-
ber 21, 1835, and came of a family highly
respected in that part of Germany. He re-
ceived his education in the schools of his

S58

SOUTH BEND

native land, and then learned the trade of an
expert cabinet maker, which he followed for
many years. In 1870 he came to South Bend,
where many of his townspeople had located,
and worked at his trade, and then engaged in
the saloon business. In 1890 he retired from

the Indians. Mr. Taylor was born in Rd-
chester, New York. February 20, 1809, and
comes of a family noted for its longevity. His
family left Buffalo in 1811 for Detroit, and
after residing there, and at Maiden, Canada,
and Lower Sandusky. Ohio, until 1820 they
went to Fort Wayne. Ind.. where they settled.
When Pitts Tay.or came to South Bend in
1828 the streets and the entire village were
filled with oak and hickory trees. He and
his brother were versed in the language of
the Pottowotomies, and their relations with
the Indians were always friendly. Mr. Taylor
clerked for his brother nearly ten years, when
he engaged in the business of packing pork,
ana was the pioneer pork packer in the state.
He afterward purchased his brother's store
and conducted the business for a short time.
He then so.d out and purchased a saw mill on
the West race, which was built by William
Stanfield. This mill was once destroyed by
flood and once by fire but was rebuilt. Mr.
Taylor was president of the vVater Power
Company for many years, and when the dam
was twice washed away he rebuilt it by Bis
own indomitable energy. He was at all times

CARL LEDEUEK.

active business to enjoy the peace and con-
tent of his happy domestic life. He was mar-
ried November 6, 1881, to Miss Sophia Meyer,
and this estimab.e lady survives him. Mr.
Ledeier was for many years a member of the
Turn Verein. His funeral was conducted by
the Rev. M. Goeffney, of Zion's Evangelical
church, ami was largely attended by his
friends and associates. The honorary pall
bearers were t,odtrej; Poehlman. John Klingel,
Gustave Fickentscher, George Muessei, John
Leiter and Wi.liam Schnader. The active pall
beaiers were Ernest Roessler, John JV Reass,
Edward Muessei, Adam Muessei, Daniel Poehl-
man and William Fuerbringer.

EDMUND P. TAYLOR.

Mr. Edmund Pitts Taylor, who died in this
city on September 2, 1887, was one of the
earliest pioneers of the city, and was the
third white man to locate in this section of
the state. His brother. Col. L. M. Taylor.
came here in 1827. and Pitts fol.owed him in
October, 1S28, where he clerked at first for
his brother who was engaged in trading with

EDMUND 1>. TAYLOK.

an energetic and public spirited citizen. He
carried the surveyor's chain and platted the
first lots in the city. His first office was that
of president of the Town Board in 1837, but
the town government was abandoned and not
revived until 1855. He was elected Town
Trustee in 1858 and again in 1860. In 1861

SOUTH BEND.

359

he was the president of the board, and was
re-elected in 1862, and he also served as
Councilman in 1876. He was a member of
the first fire company organized in 1853. and
was a most efficient chief of the Fire Depart-
ment. No man did more to advance the
progress of this city both as a manufacturing
and commercial center, and he never failed to
contribute to its growth and prosperity. He
saw the city grow from a mere trading post
to a great bustling community of over 20,000
souls, and to all of which he was a generous
contributor. On February 28, 1833, he was
married to Miss Phoebe Stanfield. a sister of
the late Judge Stanfield, and this honored
couple lived to celebrate the fifty-fourth an-
niversary of their wedding. Nine children
were born to them, but four of whom were
living at his death: Mrs. Martha J. Barnes,
wife of Harris Barnes of this city; Thomas
S. Taylor, of Washington. D. C; Charles J.
Taylor of South Bend, and Edward P. Taylor,
of St. Paul, Minn.

DAVID WARNER.
No man was ever more highly esteemed as a
public spirited citizen of South Bend than
Mr. David Warner, whose lamented death oc-
curred at the Warner homestead, No. 710 West
Washington street, on Thursday afternoon,
November 22, 1900. For many years Mr.
Warner had been a conspicuous figure in the
affairs and advancement of the city and he
contributed largely to its material progress.
Mr. Warner was born in Montgomery county,
Ohio, February 6, 1824, and came of a family
of pioneers in that section. When he was
but eight years of age his parents removed
to Goshen. Ind., where they remained for one
year, and then came to St. Joseph County
and located on the present site of the Uni-
versity of Notre Dame. Mr. Warner had few
advantages for obtaining an education, and
when a boy worked in a lime kiln near his
home, and when he could attended school in a
log school house near by. He grew up to
sturdy manhood, and on September 11, 1845,
married Miss Martha A. B^air, a most esti-
mable lady, who died on May 5, 1S93. The
young couple lived in Center Township for a
time and then came to South Bend where
they resided one year, when Mr. Warner pur-
chased the Supmtion farm on Sumption Prai-
rie, and for fifteen years engaged in pro-
gressive farming. In 1868 he moved to South
Bend, and was engaged in the market business
on Michigan street for about three years,
and then went into the grocery business with

his son, Cornelius, under the firm name of D.
Warner & Son. In 1873 Mr. Warner built
the Lincoln Block on South Michigan street
and the business was removed to that loca-
tion. In 1878 he sold his interest to Mr. G.
H. Porter, and the firm became Warner &
Porter. He then engaged in the agricul-
tural implement business under the name of
D. Warner & Sons, and in 1890 retired from
active business life. He was a man of influ-
ence and a life long Republican, and was a

DAVID WAKXER.

consistent Christian and a member of Grace
M. E. church. Mr. Warner left four sons,
all successful men: Corne.ius, Willis M. and
Frank B. Warner of this city, ana A. J. War-
ner, of Ogden, Utah. His funeral was largely
attended by those who had been his friends
and the services were conducted by the Revs.
D. M. Wood and E. P. Bennett. The active
pall bearers were B. A. Birdsell, Hon. George
Ford, John Dunn, J. Y. Siick, George Lough-
man and Noah Shupert. The honorary pall
bearers were: George Kimble, Joseph Miller,
James Oliver, Aaron Jones, Isaac Gorsuch,
Clem Studebaker, J. Q. C. van uen Bosch and
A. J. Longley.

CORNELIUS L. WARNER.

Mr. Corne.ius L. Warner, of the well known
firm of Warner Bros., dealers in hay, grain,
feed, wagons, agricultural implements, etc.,
was born in Center Township, St. Joseph

360

SOUTH BEND.

County. August 17, 1846, and is a son of the
late David Warner, a pioneer of this section
who died November 22, 1900, and Martha
(Blair) Warner. As a boy young Warner was
bi ought up on a farm, and attended the dis-
trict schools, and also the Northern Indiana
College. When he was twenty years of age
he came to South Bend and started in business
life as a c erk in the dry goods store of Chapin

CORK Kl.ll 8 I.. WAKJsEH.

<& dishing where he remained two years. In
1S6S, with his father, he started in the grocery
business under the style of D. Warner &
Son. In 1873 his father retired from the busi-
ness and he took in a partner, the firm being
Warner & Porter. This continued for twelve
years when he bought his partner's inteiest
and conducted it for two years. He then
formed the partnership of Warner & Miller.
which continued three years when Mr. Warner
sold out, and went into business with his
bi other, Mr. Frank B. Warner, under the style
of Warner Bros., which partnership still
exists. He has been twice married, his first
wire to whom he was married in 1871, being
Myra Smith. She died in 1873. In 1S77 Mr.
Warner was married to Miss Carrie Doolittle,
a native of New \ork, and with his famhy of
five children, resides at No. 321 Franklin
street.

business men. is a native of Ohio, and was born
at New Paris, Preble County, October 15, 1S27.
Mr. Ireland came of a family prominent in that
section, his father being John F. Ireland, and
his mother June L. (Fe;guson) Ireland, both
of Scotch descent. Mr. David A. Ireland was
one of a family of eight children, he being the
eldest. He received a fair education in the
country schools in the vicinity of his home,
and assisted his father on the farm. He
early imbibed all of those sturdy characteris-
tics of the farmers' boy of half a centuiy ago.
Mr. Ireland continued at farming in Preble
County. Ohio, until 1S73, when he came to
South Bend, and engaged in the livery business,
in which he is still engaged. Mr. Ireland en-
listed in 1S62 in Co. C, 50th Ohio Volunteer
Infantry, as lieutenant, and two months later
was promoted to captain. He served gal-
lantly for two yeais and was in many im-
portant engagements including the Battle of
Perrysville, Kenesaw Mountain and others.
After his discharge he returned home and re-
sumed his agricultural pursuits. Mr. Ireland

DAVID A. IRELAND.
Mr. David A. Ireland, one of South Bend's
esteemed and respected citizens and succesful

DAVID A. UtELAND.

has been twice married. In 1846 he was mar-
ried to Miss Mary A. Cail, who died in Henry
County, 111., in July, 1S67, where he had re-
moved for her health. In December, 1858, he
was married to Miss Rebecca Cail, a sister of
his first wife. Mr. Ireland is a staunch Re-
publican and a member of the G. A. R. For
many years lie has been a member of the
Christian church and is highly esteemed.

SOUTH BEND

351

WILLIAM KNOBLOCK.

Mr. William Knoblock of the firm of
Knoblock & Jones, is one of the early and
esteemed citizens of South Bend. He is a
native of Ohio, and was horn in Canton, in
that state, September 16, 1832. His father,

1892 when he formed a partnership with Mr.
A. M. Jones under the firm name of Knoblock
& Jones, which is now located at No. 130
North Main street. Mr. Knoblock is also a
member of the firm of Wink.er Bros. Manufac-
turing Company, the well known carriage and
wagon builders. Mr. Knoblock has been an
active promoter of the interests of this city
for nearly sixty years. He has five children,
and his residence is at No. 408 North Michigan
street.

SAMUEL C. STULL.

In the sudden death of Mr. Samuel C. Stull,
which occurred at his handsome home on South
Michigan street, Saturday morning, August 5,
1893, South Bend lost one of its most esteemed
and honored citizens, and St. Joseph County
a pioneer, and a man who had been identified
with its best progress and advancement. Mr.
Stull was one of the best known and most
genial men in the city, generous, active and
influential his loss was justly considered a
public bereavement. He was born in Jen-
nings County, Ohio, March 30. 1S28, and came
of a family highly prominent in the pioneer

WILLIAM KNOBLOCK.

Frederick Knoblock, was an Alsatian, and an
experienced weaver, and came to America in
1828. In 1843, when William was eieven years
old, his father came to mdiana and located on
a farm in Marshall County, and in 1850 the
boy came to South Bend. He assisted in
the erection of the first ice house known to
the residents of this section of the country.
He married Miss Christiana D. Schreyer, who
was also a native of Canton, Onio, and went to
live on his father's farm in Marshall County,
in 18G4 Mr. Knoblock returned to this city
and engaged in the grocery business with
his brother J. C. Knoblock. In 1867, in con-
nection with his brother Theodore, he pur-
chased the plant of the Wanger Table factory,
located on the West race, and conducted that
business with success until 187 0 when the
factory was tota.ly destroyed by lire. He
then organized a stock company, purchased
the buildings of the old Northern Indiana Col-
lege and began the manufacture of furniture
on an extensive scale. He was connected
with this company a year when he disposed
of his interest and engaged in the retail fur-
niture business on his own account until

SAMUEL C. STULL.

life of this section. His father, Henry Stull,
died in 1875, and Samuei was the youngest of
three sons. When he was but two years of
age his parents came to St. Joseph County,
and cleared and settled what was long known
as the old Stull farm. Samuel and his

362

S;0 U T H ~B E N D .

brothers hail few advantages of an education,
but they early imbibed all of those sturdy
characteristics of farm life that beget future
success and made him honoreu among men,
and the wor.d better for his havinglived. For
many years Mr. Stull was a progressive ag-
riculturist but for thirty years had resided on
South Michigan street. He was a man of
sterling worth and high principle, a dutiful
husband and generous loving fanner. He

left a widow, Mrs. Margaret M. Stull. a most
estimable and revered lauy, and one son,
Harry Stuil, and a daughter, Mrs. Edward
Kerney, of Redlands, California.

JOSEPH KEASEY.

Fast app:oachmg the honored age of a cen-
tenarian was Mr. Joseph Keasey when death
came on September 24. 18S9. Mr. Keasey

&* °

JOsEl'lI KEASEY.

was born in the city 01 Lancaster, Fa., August
7, 1(93. When he was but five years o*u nis
parents removed to Rockingham, Va., and
here he grew to manhooa and received his ed-
ucation. He then went to Lancaster, Ohio,
ana began h^e as a farmer and miller. in
1823 he was married to Aiiss Kiizaben.
tfeecher, in Lancaster, and tms most estimable
lauy died in 1868. Some years alter his
marriage he disposed of his property in Ohio
and removed to Indiana, settling in Lagrange
County, where he engaged in farming pur-

suits until 1862. In April o> that year he
came to South Bend where he purcnased a
tract of land on the Michigan road and lying
between the Elder tarm and what was then
the village of South Bend. This proved a
most lucrative investment and the land is now
covered with handsome and comfortable resi-
dences. Here he aiso built his own home,
jjuring the war of the Rebellion i*4s son Joseph
was kihed while a member of the 21st Indiana
Battery and another son, Seth, was wounded,
and another son, Burke, died in 1875. He was
a Presbyterian, when he came here and joined
the First church of this city, but when the Re-
formed church was organized he united with
that congregation and was one of its most ac-
tive members. He was a Repuuiican in poli-
tics and was a strong opponent of slavery. He
tast his first vote in 1816 for Hon. Rufus
King, and when the Whig party was organized
he was the first to join it, and was a warm
supporter of Henry Clay for the presidency.
He was among the first to connect himself
with the Republican party and always took a
great interest in its success. Mr. Keasey was
truly a noble man in eveiy sense, and most
highly esteemed. At his death he ieft sur-
viving him eight children: E. A. Keasey, of
Ligonier; E. W. Keasey, of Portland, Oregon;
E. J. Keasey, of cnicago; S. W. Keasey, of
Centerville, Michigan; Theron D. Keasey, of
Toledo, Ohio; Mrs. N. J. Ashbaugh, of May-
nard, Iowa; Miss Cyntha Keasey, of Hooper,
Colorado; Mrs. Mary Gray, of Colorado;
Airs. D. M. Wyland. of Harian, lowa. and Mis.
Albert Myers, of this city.

ROBERT MYLER.
Mr. Robert Myier, whose death occurred in
this city on November 7, 1899, was well known
in this community and was prominent in
public and commercial affairs. He was a
resident of St. Joseph County for sixty-three
years, and of South Bend for thirty years. Mr.
Myler was born in Henry County, Ind., July
29, 1832. He was the youngest son of James
Myler and Olive (Main) Myler. When he
was four years of age his parents came to St.
Joseph County, and located on a farm in War-
ren Township. At that time the country was
new and the young man was ob.iged to walk
three miles to an old log school nouse. He
remained on the farm until he was twenty-two
years old. when he secured a farm in Warren
Township on which he resided until 1860, when
with a party of friends, he went to Pike's
Peak, Colorado, in search oi gold. He re-
mained there about six months but returned

SOUTH BEND.

303

home and bought a farm in German Town-
ship. He served as Township Trustee for
two terms, and in 1869 he removed to South
Bend, where he resided until his death. In
1870 he engaged in the furniture manufactur-
ing business with B. F. Dunn, and later they
organized the South Bend Furniture Company,
which discontinued business in 18(5. For
seven years afterward he was engaged in

ROBERT MYLER.

traveling for the Oliver i-low Works, and
then embarked in the agricultural implement
business with the Paxson Bros. Afterward
he was associated with nis son, Will E.
Myler, in the .aw and real estate business, and
then with Mr. A. S. Dunbar in the law, insur-
ance and real estate business until he was
elected to the office of County Auditor in 1890
by the Democratic party. He served in this office
until 1894, when for a time he was connected
with Frank Ward in the real estate and insur-
ance business, and then retired to devote his at-
tention to his own private interests. In
1854 he was married to Miss Phoebe A. Dunn,
a daughter of the late Reynolds Dunn, and
this most estimaD.e lady died September 3,
1895. Later he was married to Mrs. Martha
E. Ward. Mr. Myler left three children. Will
E. Myler, of Indianapolis, Robert O. Myler. of
this county, and Mrs. Frank Warner of this
city. For years he was a member and active
worker in the Christian church and in po.i-
tics he was a progressive Democrat. His
funeral was largely attended by his host of

friends, the honorary pall bearers being Hon.
Clem Studebaker, Aaron Jones, Samuel T.
Applegate, James Oliver, William Rupel, and
Robert Savidge. The active pall bearers

were R. R. Peck, F. A. Marsh, William Ander-
son, Owen Rupel, W. D. Bulla and Henry Mast.

DANIEL WARD.

South Bend had a no more esteemed and hon-
ored citizen than Mr. Daniel Ward, whose death
occurred on Sunday January 10, 1892. Mr. Ward
was born in Montgomery County, Ohio., Septem-
ber 6, 1826. He was a son of George Ward, an
early pioneer in St. Joseph County, who came
from Maryland to Ohio, and married Miss Cath-
erine Wagner. Mr. Ward located on a farm in
Clay Township and was a large property owner.
Mr. Daniel Ward was reared on a farm and im-
bibed all of those sturdy characteristics that
won for him success in after life. In 1849 he
joined a party of Argonauts that went to Cali-
fornia, among the number being Hon. E. S.
Reynolds, Cassius Caldwell, Hon. D. R. Leeper.
Hon. William Miller. A. M. Wing, Alexis Co-
quillard and others. He was successful in the
new El Dorado and made a good fortune. In

DAXIEL WARD.

1851 he returned home making the trip via South
America. He purchased his father's farm in
Clay Township, where he resided and was en-
gaged in progressive agriculture for many years
when he came to South Bend. He was a man

364

SOUTH BEND

of the highest standing and integrity and there
was a no more honored man in St. Joseph Coun-
ty. For many years he was a member of the
Christian Church, and was also a Mason. Mr.
Ward was married March 11, 1852, to Miss
Martha E. Martin, and this most estimable lady
survives him and resides in a handsome homo
at No. 302 North Main street. Mr. Ward left
four brothers, Simon, Jacob, George and An-
drew. His funeral was largely attended, the
Rev. Robert Sellers of the Christian Church
officiating. The honorary pall bearers were his
old friends and comrades who made the trip
with him to California in the early days, Hon.
William Miller, Major Ethan S. Reynolds, Hon.
David R. Leeper, A. M. Wing of Mishawaka and
Joseph Snyder of Granger. The active pall
bearers were his nephews, Wilbert Ward, Frank
Ward, Edward Ward, John Ward, Daniel Ward
and Albert Ward. In his death St. Josepb
County lost one of its pioneers and honored
men.

ALBERT J. HORNE.
To Mr. Albert J. Home, of this city, belongs
the distinction of being the pioneer of suburban
real estate extension in South Bend, the beauti-
ful addition known as "River Park" proving a
practical evidence of his progressive spirit and
his confidence in the growth of the city. Mr.
Home was born near Kewanee, Fulton County.
lnd., February 1, 1856. He is a son of Samuel
A. Home, a successful farmer and of Charity
(Tomlinson) Home, and his honored mother
is still living. When he was but two years of
age his parents removed to Logansport and in
that city the young man was educated. He at
tended the public schools and Smithson College,
and when he left the farm became a clerk in a
dry goods store at Logansport. After three
years clerkship, and when eighteen years old,
he made an extensive trip through the country
visiting Canada, the eastern states and the Cen-
tennial Exposition at Philadelphia. He returned
to Logansport but on January 26, 1S7S he came
to South Bend and engaged in the store of the
late Amimon S. Kern. He continued here four
years and was then engaged with John Brown-
field for five years. He next engaged in busi-
ness with Mr. Jonothan P. Creed in the real
estate and insurance business for two years and
afterward studied law in the office of Judge
Timothy E. Howard, and was admitted to the
bar in 1893. Since that time he has been in
successful practice and has won a high reputa-
tion as an able, careful and conscientious attor-
ney. Mr. Home originally purchased the Wor-
den farm, and the Lipman tract comprising IIS
acres of land and associated with Mr. B. F.

Dunn laid out the beautiful suburb known as
"River Park," and which has proved one of the
successful additions to the suburbs of the city.
He is the holder of valuable real estate in South
Bend and vicinity and is an alert and progres-
sive business man. Mr. Home was married to

ALBiSKT J. IIOUNE.

Miss Ida Carpenter, of this city, and his family
consists of his estimable wife, and a son Donald
D. home. He is well known in the community
and is an active member of the Christian
church. His office is located in the Dean Build-
ing and he resides at No. 315 Wood street.

FREDERICK TESCHER.
Mr. Frederick Tescher, furniture dealer,
was bom in Berne, Switzerland, November
29, 1840, and his father, John Tescher, was a
farmer. He was educated in ihe schools of
his native land, and learned the trade of
locksmithing which he to. lowed until he was
twenty-two years of age, when he came to
America. He located in Wooster, Ohio, as
clerk in a hardware store, and in the early
days of the war of the Rebellion, he enlisted
as a private in the 38th Ohio Volunteeis. He
returned and engaged in the hardware busi-
ness until 1873, when he removed to Bour-
non, lnd., and engaged in the same line there
until 1879. In 1878 he was e.ected treasurer
of Marshall County, and the next year re-
moved to Plymouth, the county seal. He came
to South Bend in 1888 and engaged in the
furniture business in which he still continues.

SOUTH BEND.

305

REV. CHARLES A. EVANS.

The Rev. Charles A. Evans, whose death oc-
curred in this city on April 18, 1889, was an able
and earnest minister ot the gospel, and was
warmly endeared to the community. Mr. Evans

To them were born eight children but two of
whom are now living, the Rev. Charles A.
Evans, named after his father, and Mrs. Dr. J.
C. Wallace. The funeral was largely attended
by his warm friends and the members of the
ministerial association. The impressive ser-
vices were conducted by the Revs. A. M. Chapin,
A. S. Carrier and II. M. Middleton. Those who
bore his body to its last resting place were Dan-
iel Greene. James Miller, S. P. Allen. Elmer
Crockett, Fred Grether and W. O. Davies.

CHRISTIAN L. BENZ.
Mr. Christian Louis Benz, who died sudden-
ly in this city, from an attack of epilepsy, on
August 2, 1895, was well known in this com-
munity and was endeared to hosts of friends.
Mr. Benz was a native of Germany, and was
born at Lauffen, Wurtemberg, January 26,
1833. He came to America in 1852, and after
following several vocations he came to South
Bend in 1866 and engaged in business. He
was a popular man in every sense and his es-
tablishment at No. 333 South Michigan street,
was most generously patronized. Mr. Benz

REV. CHARLES A. EVANS.

was a native of Ireland, and was born near
Belfast on July 7, 1817. He was a student at
Queens College in Belfast, and on his graduation
was the "honor" man of his class. Shortly af-
ter leaving college he came to America, and
took a three years course in the theological
department of Princeton college. He was or-
dained a minister in the Presbyterian churcfe
in 1S43, and his first charge was the pastorate
of the First Presbyterian Church of Scranton,
Pa. He then accepted, the call to a reform
church in New York City, and in 1856 he came
to South Bend to fill the pulpit of the Reformed
Church of this city, where he was engaged bur
a short time. In 1869 he was most earnest in
organizing the First Presbyterian church of this
city, on the east side, and was its pastor for
two years. He afterward organized a number
of churches in various parts of the United States
and territories, and was ever most diligent in
spreading the word of God. But a few years
prior to his death he went as a missionary to
the Red River region of the Northwest where
he was most useful and successful. On August
28, 1844 he was married to Miss Sarah M. Har-
ris, of Luzerne County, Pa., and this accomp-
lished and estimable lady still survives him.

CHRISTIAN L. BENZ.

served honorably during ihe war of the Re-
bellion, and was a member of Auten Post of
the Grand Army of the Republic. On Octo-
ber 15, 1S73, he was married to Miss Magda-
lena Besinger, of Mishawaka, and this most
estimable lady still survives her honored hus-
band. Two sons were born to them, Fred-

3G6

SOUTH BEND

erick and Eugene Benz, both of whom reside in
this city. Mr. Benz was a genial, courteous
whole souled man. and his death was mourned
by a large circle of warm and admiring
friends. Mrs. Benz resides at No. 429 South
Taylor street.

COLLINS HACKNEY.

In the death of Mr. Collins Hackney, which
occurred at his home on South Michigan

until August 8, 18t>j, when tne building was
destroyed by fire. For a time ne retired from
acuve business, and ihen purchased the prop-
erty on the corner of Wayne and bouth Michi-
gan street now occupied by the Hobbs build
ing, where he continued in the grocery busi-
ness a number of years and sold out to J. V.
Kutherford & Co. Later he sold tne p.operty
to Mr. W. R. Hobbs. After retiring from
business he erected a fine home wnere he lived
until his death. He was a business man of
tne highest integrity and standing and enjoyed
tho confidence of the entire community and
hie death was a loss to the city. In 1862 Mr.
and Mrs. Hackney united with the Baptist
church and were consistent members until
their death. Mr. Hackney left lour children:
Mrs. C. H. Shearer, Mrs. Henry Mast, and
Samuel Hackney, or this city, and Mrs. C. L.
Aikin. of Springfield, Mass. Mr. Hackney's
funeral was held from tne First Baptist
church. Sunday afternoon, July 4. ana Rev.
C. D. Case assisted by Rev. Robert Sellers of
the Christian church officiated. The pal!
bearers were Theo. Blake, F. J. Haines. B. B.
Kimble. Conrad Liphart, Abner Frank and
George T. Hodson.

JAMES B. MADISON.
Mr. James B. Madison, whose lamented death
occurred Sunday, January 13, 1901, was for a

CULLIXS HACKNEY.

street. Thursday morning, July 1, 1897, South
Bend lost one of its pioneer residents and
merchants and a man whose active life was
one of honor. Mr. Hackney was born in
Burlington County. N. J., September 30, 1S19.
He was educated in the schoois near his home.
On Apri. 10. 1844, he was married to Miss
Elenor Anderson, an estimable lady from New
Jersey, whom he survived Put a tew years.
In the spring of 1853 the couple came to South
Bend and Mr. Hackney engaged in the manu-
facture of plows, his foundry being located
where the present Oliver House stands. After
a few years he entered the employ oi Mr.
James Oliver and continued there until 1861.
when he engaged in the prouuee business
near Coonley's corner, and later removed to
the east side of Micnigan street. A few years
later he bought a frame building at the present
site of 117 South Micnigan street in wnich he
continued the fruit, produce and grocery trade

JAMES II. MADISON.

quarter of a century connected with the South
Bend Tribune. Mr. Madison was born in De-
Witt, Ciinton County. Michigan, June 13, 1S56.

SOUTH BEND-

367

In youth he removed to Niles. where he learned
the printer's trade and in 1874 he came to
South Bend and worked for a year or more in
{he composing room of The Tribune. Then
going to Valparaiso, he worked in an office
there for a year or so. returning to South Bend
in 1S77, resuming his place in The Tribune
office, and since that time in different capaci-
ties he was connected with that paper. Octo-
ber 12, 1879, he was married to Ida Isabell
Howe, of Niles, Mich., who survives him. In
1883 Mr. Madison bought the city circulation of
The Tribune and continued in charge of that
department until his death. Besides his

widow and his niece. Miss Zora Souders, who
lived with him, Mr. Madison leaves a mother,
Mrs. Mary A. Russey, of Cassopolis, Mich.,
and three half brothers. W. B., W. W., aftd
Edward Russey, all residing in Michigan, and
an uncle, Mr. Newton Hutchinson, proprietor
of a hotel at Diamond lake.

WILLIAM C. WINKLER.

Mr. William C. Winkler is a native of Ger-
many and was born in Schlesien, March 25,
1866. He received a thorough education in his

WILLIAM C. WINKLER.

native land, and in May, 1880, with his parents,
came to America and located at South Bend.
Shortly after he entered the employ of the
Tribune Printing Company, where he learned
the trade of an expert pressman. Completing

his apprenticeship he went to Chicago where
he was employed two years in leading offices,
and then returned to South Bend and engaged
with the Register Printing Company, and
when the present office of Charles B. Hibberd
was started by F. E. Bowman was the first
man employed there, and held the position of
pressman until January, 1901, when he re-
signed and took charge of the press rooms of
the Tribune Printing Company. Mr. Winkler
is a thorough and expert pressman, and has
won his way from the most menial position in
a printing office to the foreman of the largest
press room in the city. He is a member of
the Masonic order and is Master of Germania
Lodge, No. 301, F. & A. M. Mr. Winkler is
married and resides at No. 715 East Washing-
ton street.

FRANK L. EMICH.

One of the most popular representatives of the
life insurance interests in South Bend is Mr.
Frank Louis Emich, district superintendent of
the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company of
New York, whose offices are located in the new
Dean Building. Mr. Emich was born at Tiffin,
Ohio, May 1, 1855. His father was Phillip Emich
a native of Rhinish Bavaria, and who was a
prominent Counselor at Law and Notary, and
his mother was Elizabeth (Reif) Emich. The
elder Mr. Emich was a leader in German society
and the son received a liberal education. He
attended the public schools in Tiffin, and the
Heidelberg College, and afterward was a student
at Queen City College, at Cincinnati, graduating
from the Normal department in 1876. He was
first engaged in his father's office where he
transacted a notarial and fire insurance busi-
ness, and as agent for German estates and
steamship agent. His father died in 1880 and
Mr. Emich succeeded to the business. From
1880 to 1891 he was also engaged in the book
and stationery business in Tiffin, and during the
later year he disposed of his business and for
two years was engaged in various business pur-
suits. In 1893, at Terre Haute, Ind., he was en-
gaged as an agent for the Metropolitan Life In-
surance Company and traveled as agent and
Assistant Superintendent in Indiana, Illinois,
Michigan and Ohio,, in which he was quite suc-
cessful. On February 5, 1900 he took charge of
the South Bend district as superintendent of the
district for the company, which comprises thir-
teen towns and cities in the vicinity of this
city. During his connection with this responsi-
ble office the business has increased to nearly
10,000 members in this district, eighty-nine
death claims have been paid, and the income of

3G8

SOUTH BEND

the company for the year was over $62,000.00.
He is affable, forceful and convincing and has
few superiors in his chosen profession. In this
district which comprises such towns and cities
as Valparaiso, Niles, Laporte, St. Joseph, Ben-
ton Harbor, Michigan City, Mishawaka, and

York state and comes of a long line of honor-
able ancestry. His grandfather was a com-
missioned officer in the war of the Revolution,
as was also his granduncle. He was born at
Caldwell, on Lake George, in 1810, and was the
son of Michael Harris and Susan (Allen) Har-
ris. His father was a native of New York and
was born at Sandy Hill February 12, 1772, and
his mother was an accomplished English woman,
who was born at Gloucester, England, in 1779.
When Mr. Harris was but seven years of age
his father died, leaving his mother with the
care of five boys of which he was the oldest.
In consequence of this early misfortune the
young man received but a meager education,
but being a close student and a wide reader of
standard and classical works, he practically
educated himself along the higher lines of
erudition and was a most accomplished man in
every essential respect. He was an excellent
penman and book-keeper, and his commercial
account books were models of neatness and
absolute accuracy. About 1836 Mr. Han is
came to Indiana and with his brother, Leonard
G. Harris, engaged in the mercantile business

KIIANK L. EMICH.

others. Mr. Enrich is assisted by seven Assis-
tant Superintendents, twenty-eight agents, and
cashier, all of whom are experienced in the in-
surance business. During his residence in Ohio
Mr. Emich held a number of local public office:',
and in every vocation in life has won hosts of
friends and gained the esteem of the commun-
ity. He was married in 1878 to Miss Mary T
Kuebler, but this estimable lady died in July
1891, leaving him one son, Albion L. Emich. of
this city. In 1895 he was married to Miss Daisy
M. Davis, who resided in Terre Haute, and to
this union two children have been born Philip
A. C. Emich, and Flora E. M. Emich. Mr.
Emich's home is at No. 507 North Main street
He is a member of South Bend Lodge, I. O. O.
F., Pickwick Lodge, K. of P., and of the B. P.
0. E.

FREDERICK A. HARRIS.

Mr. Frederick Allen Harris, whose death oc-
curred on November 29, 1864, was one of the
early merchants of this city, and his children
are well known and honored residents of
South Bend. Mr. Harris was a native of New

FREDERICK A. HARRIS.

at Goshen. In 1S3S they removed to Monoquet,
which at that time was a thriving and enter-
prising village, and was seeking the location
of the county seat of Kosciusko County. Her
claims, however, were not appreciated, and
Warsaw, securing the coveted honor, Mon-
oquet failed to realize the dreams of its pro-

SOUTH BEND

3G9

jectors. In 1850 Mr. Harris and his brother
came to South Bend and opened an extensive
dry goods store at the southeast coiner of
Michigan and Washington streets, where the
Citizens National Bank is now located. The
firm was F. A. & L. G. Harris, and they con-
tinued in business until 1854, when they dis-
posed of their stock to Mr. George W. Mat-
thews, and Mr. Harris resumed the manage-
ment of his extensive business at Monoquet,
which consisted of a milling business, a gen-
eral store and the management of the water
power there, which he owned. He, however,
was impressed with the substantial business
enterprise of South Bend, and purchased a
large tract of land on West Washington street,
and erecting a home established his residence
here which he maintained until his death, and
where his family still reside. Mr. Harris was
always a progressive and energetic business
man, and labored for the welfare of the com-
munity in which he lived. While at Goshen,
he was the prime mover and leading spirit in
the erection of the First Presbyteran church of
that city, and he is still held in grateful re-
membrance by the members of that church.
In politics he was an ardent Whig, and a con-
scientious Abolitionist of the self-sacrificing
type. He frequently aided the fleeing fugitive
slave on his way to liberty, and was an active
supporter of what was known as the "Under-
ground Railway." When the war of the Re-
bellion occurred, Mr. Harris, although then
past the prescribed age, was urged to accept
the colenelcy of an Indiana regiment, but, be-
ing ignorant of military affairs, he declined,
although he was always active in his moral
and financial support of the Union cause. In
November, 1864, at the second election of Mr.
Lincoln as president, Mr. Harris, although in
ill-health went to the polls and deposited his
ballot for the great president. He took cold,
however, and was attacked with pneumonia
from which he died on November 29, 1864. He
was married in 1837 to Miss Eliza Anderson,
who afterward died leaving him three children,
Susan, who is deceased, Isabel, now Mrs.
Willits, of Bloomfield, N. J., and Mrs. Edward
P. Stanfield, who is also deceased. In 1847
he was married to Miss Mary Anderson, a
sister of his first wife, and this estimable lady
died September 8, 1897. The children by the
second marriage are Frederick De Witt Harris,
now living near Warsaw, Ind. Mrs. Dr. C. H.
Myers, Mary E., wife of Judge Walter A.
Funk, and Miss Sarah Harris, all residents of
this city. Mr. Harris was highly esteemed in
the community, and was a member of the

First Presbyterian church of this city. In his
lamented death an honored and worthy man
passed into eternal rest.

FRANK B. WARNER.

Mr. Frank B. Warner, one of South Bend's
widely known and successful business men,
and a member of the firm of Warner Bros., is
a native of St. Joseph County, and was born
at Sumption Prairie, August 9, 18bd. Mr.
Warner is a son of the late David Warner, a
pioneer settler of this county, who died No-
vember 22, 1900, and his mother was Martha

FRANK B. WARNER.

(Blair) Warner, who died May 5, 1893. Until
he was nine years of age Mr. Warner attend-
ed the country schools, and supplemented this
by a course at the South Bend High school.
His parents removed to South Bend in 1S6S.
where his father engaged in the grocery busi-
ness under the firm name of D. Warner & Son,
and Frank entered the store and began his
practical business training. In 1883 he went
to Pierre, South Dakota, where he was suc-
cessfully engaged in the farm implement busi-
ness and where he remained until 1888, when
he returned to South Bend and bought the
premises at the Southeast corner of Michigan
and Wayne streets, and with nis father, under
the style of D. Warner & Son, started in the
feed, seed, grain, wagon and implement busi-

370

SOUTH BEND.

ness, which is now conducted under the style
ot Warner Bros. After two years his father
retired and his brother, Cornelius L. Warner,
came into the firni. The firm is a leader in
its line here and widely known. He was
married in 1890 to Miss Nellie Myler, the
daughter of the late Robert Myler. and re-
sides in the old Warner homestead at No. 710
West Washington street.

WARREN C. IRELAND.
Mr. Warren C. Ireland, of the well known
livery firm of Ireland & Son, whose barns and
stables are located at No. 232 North Michigan

WAKRES C. IJIELAXD.

street, is a native of the Hoosier State and
was born in Randolph County, Ind.. July 22.
1847. He is the son of Mr. David A. Ireland,
who is associated in the business, and who is
one of South Bend's estimable citizens, and
Mary A. iCail) Ireland. The subject of this
sketch was born on a farm and when but one
year of age his parents removed to their
former home t New Paris. Preble County, and
here young I eland was reared. He attended
school in an old log school house, and also at
New Paris, and when he had concluded his
education he entered the stone quarrying and
lime business with his father. The business
was an extensive one and the firm quarried
the stone and burned the lime used in the con-
struction of many notable buildings in all parts
of the state, including court houses, schools,
jails, residences, the Soldiers' Home and the

Ope: a House at Indianapolis. In 1873 he came
to South Bend and started in the livery busi-
ness with his father, under the style of Ireland
& Son, and the firm conducts one of the best
appointed stables in the city at No. 232 North
Michigan street. The stables are large and
fitted nicely, and thirty head of horses are
kept. The line of fine equipages include
hacks, surreys, buggies, phaetons, stanhopes,
tiaps. etc.. and elegantly accoutered rigs are
supplied for parties, weddings, shopping,
theaters, funerals, and all public displays. Mr.
Ireland is a careful business man of standing
and integrity. He was married in the 70's to
Miss Julia E. Fleming of New Paris. Ohio, and
resides at No. 325 Colfax avenue. Mr. Ireland
is a Mason and holds a high place in social
circles. He is the oldest living man in North-
ern Indiana, having been continuously in that
business twenty-eight years.

JUDGE JOHN HAGERTY.
A jurist of ability, a lawyer of prominence
and a citizen of public spirit passed away in
the death of Judge John Hagerty, who died
at his home in this city on Christmas morn-
ing, December 25. 1SS9. Judge Hagerty was

JUDGE JOHS HAGERTY.

one of the leaders of the bar here, and a judge
who was just in his decisions. His value to
South Bend was great and his memory is cher-
ished by all who knew and honored him in
life. Judge Hagerty came to South Bend with

SOUTH BEND

371

his parents when he was but a young man
and lived here continuously until his lamented
death. He had none ot the advantages for
an education enjoyed by most boys, and went
to work to earn his own living. Wiih his
meagre savings he bought books and studied
nights, and later attended night school. He
was persistent in obtaining an education. For
a time he worked in the dry goods store of
John Chess, and later went to work for Mr.
Alexis Coquillard, where he became a thor-
ough and capable business man. Judge
Hagerty saved his money and went to the
University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, where
he took the law course and graduated, and
then returned to South Bend where he opened
an office and built up a large practice. In

1866 he was elected City Clerk, and served
two terms, and in 1ST4 was elected City
Judge, and was one of the best that ever oc-
cupied that bench. Judge Hagerty was widely
known and highly esteemed. He was married
in 1S76, and left a widow. Mrs. Johanna
Hagerty, and five sons and two daughters.
His funeral took place on December 27, and
was one of the largest ever held in the city.
Solemn requiem mass was sung at St. Pat-
rick's church, by Rev. D. F. Hagerty. assisted
by Revs. C. Czyewska and P. Johannas. The
pall bearers were Hon. George Ford. John E.
Fisher, George W. Matthews, Alexis Coquil-
lard, Patrick O'Brien and Hon. T. E. Howard,
and the interment was at Cedar Grove Cem-
etery, Notre Dame.

RESIDENCE OF MR. P. P. NICELY.

SOUTH BEND,

373

COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL.

ST. JOSEPH COUNTY SAVINGS BANK.

The St. Joseph County Savings Bank is one
of the popular financial institutions of the city
and one that has done much to inculcate habits
of thrift among our people. This bank was
established and chartered in 1869 and has con-
stantly grown in usefulness. Its banking house
is one of the handsomest in the city and a
credit to its officers. A general savings bank
business is done, interest being allowed upon

deposits, paying interest semi-annually. The
bank has about 5,000 depositors and is one
of the best managed in the state. Since its
organization the bank has paid its depositors
in interest over $661,544. The following table
shows its constant growth:

1870 $ 7,267.98

1871 41,289.17

1872 114,008.79

1873 94,616.47

1874 106,872.32

1875 129,448.34

1885..

..$ 664,465.18

1886..

. . 707,796.21

1887 . .

.. 762,006.56

1888..

. . 878,620.5y

1889..

. . 907,283.03

1890..

.. 1,145,626.13

1876 180,476.24

1877 152,468.74

1878 142,280.23

1879 215,577.31

1880 291,451.55

1881 3o„,377.91

1882 390,996.18

1883 504,935.19

1884 500,403.57

1891 1,206,557.06

1892 1,302,906.15

1893 916,236.62

1894 1,109,355.62

1895 1,179,213.63

1896 1,211,568.77

1897 1,321,592.03

189S 1,590,145.15

1899 1,903,455.95

The officers and trustees of the institution
are all gentlemen widely known in our city.
They are: President, Jacob Woolverton;
treasurer, John C. Knoblock; cashier, Lucius
G. Tong, ex-mayor of South Bend and a finan-
cier of ability. The trustees are Almond Bug-
bee, John M. Studebaker, J. B. Birdsell and
B. F. Dunn.

SOUTH BEND NATIONAL BANK.
The oldest financial institution in this city
is the South Bend National Bank, which was
established in 1838, and reorganized under the
national banking laws in 1870. From the
start the success of the bank was assured and
it has constantly grown and paid in dividends
to its shareholders about $300,000. The bank-
ing house is located at No. 131 North Michi-
gan street, in a specially fitted counting room
that affords every facility to patrons. The in-
stitution does a general banking business
under all modern usages and customs, such as
receiving deposits, the issuance of foreign and
domestic exchange, letters of ciedit, etc. Col-
lections are made in all parts of the United
States, and approved paper discounted. This
institution has a paid up capital of $100,000,
and has a surplus of $60,000. The officers
of the bank are gentlemen of the highest
standing and business integrity. They are:
Hon. Marvin Campbell, president; Lucius Hub-
hard, vice-president, and Myion Campbell,
cashier. The directors include the officers
and Haven Hubbard, Fred H. Badet, Samuel
Leeper and Dewitt Sedgwick.

THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK.
The First National Bank of South Bend was
incorporated September 5, 1863, with an auth-
orized capital of $100,000 and has always been
a financial bulwark. The banking house is lo-
cated in the Oliver House and is one of the

374

SOUTH BEND.

handsomest counting rooms in the west. The
entrance is at the co.ner of Main and Wash-
ington streets, and the interior is fitted in ma-
hogany and artistic hrass work. The scope
of business includes all modern banking
usages. The solidity and careful management
of the institution is shown in its statement,
which shows resources of over $800,000. A
comparative statement of deposits is here
shown:

189G— June 29, $286,893.59.

1897— June 29, $397,578.91.

1898— June 29, $421,276.71.

STUDEBAKER BROS. MFG. CO.

For more than half a century the name of
"Studebaker" has been prominently identified
with the material growth and prosperity of
South Bend. The present mammoth estab-
lishment of the Studebaker Bros. Manufac-
turing Company, found its inception in a
small blacksmith shop near the corner of
Michigan and Jefferson streets in this city in
the year 1S52. Here it was that Henry and
Clem Studebaker made their start in black-
smithing and manufacturing. John Stude-

1899— June 29, $521,193.01.

1900— June 29, $606,540. ±6.
The correspondents of the bank are the
Merchant's National Bank of Chicago, the
Merchant's Exchange National Bank of New
York, the Union National Bank of Chicago, and
banks in Philadelphia, Detroit and Indianap-
olis. The officers and directors of the bank
are men widely known. They are: President,
Judge Lucius Hubbard; vice-president, E. B.
Reynolds, and cashier, C. A. Kimball. The
directors include the officers and Messrs. M.
B. Staley and H. C. Morgan.

baker, the father, was a native of Gettysburg,
Penna. Himself skilled in blacksmithing

and wagon making, he taught his trade to his
boys, Henry, Clem and J. M. Reverses at the
old home in Pennsylvania had caused the re-
moval of the family to Ashland County. Ohio,
where in a little cross roads log backsmith
shop, the father, in an early day, assisted by
his boys who we.e old enough for the pur-
pose, shod the farmers' horses, and as time
permitted made an occasional wagon. The
Studebaker Brothers have always had an af-
fection for this old shop, which was the

SOUTH BEND

375

scene of their struggles and labors in acquir-
ing a trade and earning a living uu.ing the
days of their youth. The brancnes of the
family have a faithful reproduction of it in
oil in their homes, and probably every custom-
er of the company in the land has haa a lith-
ographic copy in colors sent to mm. Clem
Studebaker came to South Bend in 1X50; the
family followed in 1851, and a year jater. the
fl.st beginnings were made of the present
colossal business. Henry and Clem had only
meager capital in dollars, but they were
splendidly endowed with intelligence, deter-
mination, muscle, ambition ana sound sense.
In getting in their supplies of iron from the

increased, the vehicles finding ready and
lucrative sale. Shortly afterward another
brother, J. M. Studebaker, returned from Cali-
lornia and purchased the interest of Henry
who retired to engage in farming. Under
their push and management the output of
vehicles was increased and Peter E. Stude-
baker, who had gained large expeiience in
commercial business, was added to the firm,
as salesman. Carriage building was also
undertaken and this branch of the business
ws placed in the charge of the youngest
brother, Jacob P. Studebaker. This brother
made a study of cariiage work, and being
possessed of great energy, executive ability and

local hardware stores many a time they saved
dray charges by using a wheel barrow or
carrying the load on their backs. No day
was so long that the dawn did not find them
at work, and when evening shades had gath-
ered the accounts for the day we:e figured
up and recorded by the light of the forge or
a tallow candle. Though mainly engaged
in horse shoeing and repairing, these ener-
getic and aspiring young mechanics managed
to find time for the construction of two
farm wagons. The following year they weie
enabled to employ additional workmen and
the wagon making branch of the business was

general capacity he was until his death, an
important factor in the quartet of vehicle
builders whose name and fame nave become
world wide. Today the corporation enjoys
the distinction of being the largest and most
completely equipped carriage and wagon man-
ufactory in the world. Nearly one hundred
acres are devoted to the purposes of the plant
in South Bend. Some idea of the magnitude
of the Studebaker establishment may be
gained from the fact that the unbroken line
of brick and mortar fronting on the Lake
Shore Railway from Lafayette street to Prai-
rie avenue, and on Lafayette street from the

S76

SOUTH BEND.

railway to Tutt street, is nearly half a mile
in length — buildings for the most part four or
five stories in height and of great depth —
and still no account is made of towering fac-
tory buildings within the inclosure, and of
mammoth repositories for stoiage and display
lining the east side of Lafayette stieet from
the Lake Shore Railway to Tutt street. An
army of men are employed in the various de-
partments 01 the worKs, and the equipment
of machinery embraces every niode.n app.i-
ance and device of economy and penecieu
construction. The department managers are
mechanical experts in their several lines, aau
are selected with reieience to their taients
in this paiticular and also for demonstrated
fitness in the matter of executive ability.
Their training and experience makes them
quick to improve on existing methods where
this seems practicable, ana to rigidly ex-
clude material and workmanship tnat will
not stand the strongest tests ot excellence.
Mr. Cleni Studebaker has been president of the
company since its inception as a corpo.ate in-
stitution, and Mr. J. M. Studebaker tor a like
period has been the vice president. The

latter is aiso the treasurer of the company.
Mr. Peter E. Studebaker, its lormer tieasurer,
died in 1S97, and its first secretary, Mr. Jacob
F. Studebaker, died in 1887. Mr. rlenry Stu-
debaker, the eldest of the five brothers, died
in 1895. Following is a list of the branches:
New York City, Chicago, Kansas City, Denver,
Salt Lake City, San Francisco and Portland,
Oregon. The stocks carried at these branches
are representative of the business and of the
cities where they are located, and they are
housed in a manner befitting their magnitude
and importance. The repository in Chicago,
for example, erected a few years ago by the
company with especial reference to the con-
venience of the retail trade of that city, covers
numbers 378 to 388 Wabash avenue. The
structure is ten stories in height, has a
fiontage of 120 feet, a depth of 170 feet, and
in design and appointment is strictly up to
date, making a building elegant and note-
worthy in a quarter conspicuous for its im-
posing business blocks. It is believed to be
unequalled as a retail carriage house in this
or any other country. Another contribution
by this company to the list of buildings which
have tended to make Chicago famous is the
Studebaker Fine Art Building on Michigan
avenue next the Auditoiium. This has be-
come headquarters for Chicago artists and
musicians, and here is located "The Stude-
baker," a theater beautiful and sumptious,

the home of the Castle Square Opera Com-
pany. The unique feature of the output of
the Studebaker Bros. Manufacturing Com-
pany is the fact ihat it embraces pretty
much eveiything that runs on wheels or slips
on runners. It runs through all the gamut
of vehicles for winter or summer driving, fof
country or town, for business or pleasuie;
vehicles for the camp of the logger, the
miner, the emigrant, the soldier, the hunter,
the ranger, the trucker, the taimer — all sorts
of vehicles used in the marts of trade, and
every turnout demanded by fashion, taste,
comfort or culture, for street, lane, park or
boulevard. Other makers manufacture this
or that special line of wagons or carriages,
3iily the Studebakeis undertake the tremend-
ous task of supplying everybody's needs. In
addition to the manufacture of vehicles the
Studebaker Bros. Mfg. Company also pro-
duces an extensive line of harness especially
adapted for the various styles of vehicles
manufactured by them, and these are all
made from the best materials and by the most
skilled workmen that can be obtained. An-
other interesting department of these works
not usually conjoined in such establishments
is that for the manufacture of cast and steel
skeins, which are produced both for the use
of the company itself and for the general
tiade. Messrs. Clem and J. M. Studebaker
have nearly a half century of active business
lue to their credit, yet they are still hale
and hearty in person and potent forces man-
agerially in the business, the president at the
head of the extensive office, the vice presi-
dent in oversight and direction of the manu-
facture of the goods. They are gentlemen
of the highest type of probity, energy and ex-
perience and through their genius for manage-
ment, selection of assistants and the sterling
chaiacer established and maintained for their
products, they have achieved a substantial
success and an honored one. South Bend is
indebted to the Studebaker Bros. Manufac-
turing Company for many of its most attrac-
tive and imposing buildings. The popular
Auditorium is a structure highly creditable to
the city and to the public sprit of the com-
pany. Indeed, in every local enterprise of a
public nature their influence and assistance
is cheerfully and helpfully manifest, and
among the various agencies which have con-
tributed to make South Bend widely known as
a prosperous, progressive and beautiful city
none has been more potent than the subject of
this sketch, the Studebaker Bros. Mfg. Com-
pany.

THE LAFAYETTE CAK1UAGE I'lIOTOUKAPlIED IS KltOXT OK THE OFFICE OF STUDEBAKEK lilius. MFl

37S

SOUTH BEND.

THE OLIVER CHILLED PLOW WORKS.
The mammoth plant of the Oliver Chilled
Plow Works is one of the greatest industrial
enterprises of this progressive city, and in
its special line of manufacture the largest
and most extensive in the world. The fame
of the "Oliver" chilled plow has been carried
to all parts of the globe wheie civilization
and agriculture are known, and the name of
James Oliver, the inventor of this greatest of
agricultural implements, is known throughout
the world. These great works occupy a tract
of land fifty-eight acies in extent and some
idea of the magnitude of the buildings may be
gained when it is stated that the roofs of
these structures would cover an area of
twenty-two acres. This mighty growth and

adapted for the purposes for which they were
designed. Towering chimneys with their im-
mense volumes of dense smoke give unmis-
takable evidence of the hum of industry below,
and trains of loaded freight cars on the
tracks within the ya:ds and branching from
the several contiguous great railroads, car-
rying the products of these works to the re-
motest paits of the earth are convincing proofs
of the magnitude and success of this great
industrial enterprise. Passing the extensive
lumber sheds, where there is always on hand
a supply of seasoned and selected lumber suf-
ficient for a three years demand, the visitor
approaches the immense stock building which
is 114 feet by 698 feet, and through which rail-
way tracks are laid from end to end. Here

THE OLIVEB CHILLED PLOW WORKS.

expansion is the result of the genius and the
incessant toil of Mr. James Oliver, the
founder of the works, who nearly half a cen-
tury ago laid its endui ing foundation in a
small and primitive foundry located on the
west race, where day and night he labored at
his invention until perfection was achieved
and success crowned his efforts and brought
the realization of his hopes and dreams. These
works are located in the Southwestern part of
the city fronting on Chapin street and bound-
ed by the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern
and the Grand Trunk railways, and within
this enclosure are reared the immense struc-
tures of brick devoted to the manufacture of
plows exclusively, and each most admirably

arc piled thousands of tons of choice pig iron,
and vast quantities of giindstones, moulding
sand, coal, coke, bar iron and a bewildering
variety of materials necessary for the success-
ful operation of these works. From this mon-
umental fountain of supply uie first stage of
progress is to the foundry building, which
coveis an area of 220 feet by 750 feet, and here
hundreds of men are busily engaged in pre-
paring moulds and in pouring the boiling and
glowing metal, which under their skilled
hands, resolves itself into the numerous
shapes so necessary to form the perfect plow.
Five huge cupolas consisting of great wrought
iron cylinders, supported upon heavy iron col-
umns and towering aloft through the foundry

SOUTH BEND,

379

roof, belch forth their streams of liquid mol-
ten metal and in a moment the sound of the
voices of many men, the hissing and sparkling
of the glowing iron and the steaming moulds
form a striking and picturesque scene always
to be remembered. Intensely inte.esting is
the peculiar process of casting and chilling
the mouldboards for which the "Oliver" plows
are world famous, and which is the invention
of Mr. James Oliver, after years of careful
study and experiment and which have won
the undisputed reputation of being the only
genuine chilled mouldboard ever manufac-
tured. So perfectly is this chilling process
that every mouldboard must be exactly alike.
Frequent tests are made during the progress
of the cast by pouring and breaking minature
mouldboa: ds and the result is that no mis-
takes are made. From the foundry the next
progressive step is to the fitting department.
85 x 100 feet, and here the various parts are
massed that form the complete plow bottom,
and here, after careful inspection, the va. ious
parts are ground and fitted and the bolts ap-
plied that hold them securely together. The
grinding room, 100x200 feet, is another in-
teresting feature of this great establishment.
Here extending the entire length of the build-
ing are rows of great grindstones, and here all
the chilled and steel plows, for steel plows in
vast numbers are also manufactured at these
works, are giound and their surfaces prepared
for the final finish of the polishing wheel. In
the polishing department which is 50 feet by
2S0 feet, a brilliant scene is presented. The
bright flashes of the flying sparks and the
melodious hum of the exhaust fans entrance
the beholder. Here the final polish to the
plow bottom is given and a scouring surface
secured which eve.y practical farmer ac-
knowledges and appreciates. After leaving
this department the unpolished surfaces are
treated to a coating of asphaltum and they are
then ready for transportation to the ware-
house for stoiage and shipment. The black-
smith shop, which is 110x304 feet, is also a
most important adjunct of these works for it
is here that the thousands of steel plows, for
which the company has acquired the highest
reputation, are made. Here forges and coke
and charcoal furnaces for heating the iion
and steel, are arranged and trip and drop ham-
mers are brought into requisition to assist
the skilful workmen in forming the different
articles that enter into the construction of a
plow. All the appliances known to modern
mechanics are here at work and in this de-
partment all the steel and wrought iron

work for the celebrated Oliver Sulky Plows
is made, and the wonderful success of those
implements is indubitable evidence that the
work is well done. The machine shop,

50 x 200 feet, is also another interesting
feature of the works. Here all the chills so
necessary for the Oliver chilled plow are
finished, and here too are made all the con-
necting shafts, pulleys and other accessories
for the immense amount of machinery in use
in the works. A vast amount of miscel-
laneous work is also done to meet the require-
ments of the other depa.tments. Near the
machine shop is the pattern room and here all
the patterns for the different plows and their
various paits are made, and where many
valuable improvements are studied out and
reduced to practical uses. The wood working
department is a collosal structure, 60 x 654
feet. Here all the wood work used in the
plows is prepared and with such exactness
that the slightest deviation is impossible.
Here the most approved machineiy is em-
ployed and the character o£ the work pro-
duced at this establishment cannot be ex-
celled. The paint shops, which are 50 x 230
feet, and 60 x 350 feet, and the japaning
room, 75x150 feet, are very important features
in the finishing and ornamentation of the
famous "Oliver" plows. In the former all
the wood work for these plows are given their
final finish which fits them for their journey
to the warehouse and eventually to nearly
every portion of the civilized world. In the
latter loom all the unpolished iron work is
japanned, which gives it a black and glossy
coating both attractive and durable, and which
affords an effectual protection against rust.
Other important departments oi these great
works are the Malleable Iron Department, the
Core Rooms, and the wa. ehouse and shipping
departments, the latter of which comprise an
area of 98x2874 feet, which is filled with
finished goods of every description system-
atically arranged for correctness and rapidity
of shipment. The warehouse is located
between the tracks of the Lake Shoi e &
Michigan Southern Railway and the Chicago
& Grand Trunk Railway, and convenient for
all the railways which oring the cars to the
doors of the building and furnish the most
ample resources tor speedy shipment. Three
immense Har.is-Corliss engines fuinish the
motive power of the great manufactory, and
the engine rooms are 40 x 88 feet and 24 x 48
feet, while the two boiler rooms are 50 x 88
feet, and 24 x 48 feet respectively. This in
brief is the great Oliver Chilled Plow Works
of South Bend, which was legally incorporated

380

SOUTH BEND.

in 1S6S, and which has grown to such gigantic
proportions within the life and under the su-
pervision of its great founder James Oliver,
in 1871 the output of these works was but 1500
plows and in 1900 the number manufactured
and sold exceeded 150,0u0. Truly a recoid of
which its proprietors and this city may well
be proud. Today the "Oliver" plows are sold
in Great Britain ana Ireland, Scotland, South
America, the Continent of Europe, Asia, Africa,
Australia, Mexico, New Zealand, Tasmania, Cuba.
Hawaii, the Philiipines and all the islands of
the sea where agriculture is known and the
piogressive usbandman has round a location.
In the United states branch offices, fully
equipped and stocked have been established,
at Indianapolis, lnd.; Mansfield, O.; St. i^ouis,
Mo.; Dallas, Texas; San Francisco, Cal.;
Memphis, Tenn.; Harrisburg, Pa.; Rochester,
N. Y.; Kansas City, Mo.; Richmond, Va.; St.
Paul, Minn., while agencies are in existence
in every state and almost every county in the
country. Foreign agencies are established in
Paris, London, Glasgow, Milan, Copenhagen.
Stockholm, Buenos Ayres, City of Mexico, and
in fact in almost every piominent European
city. Over 1000 workmen are employed in
the various departments of these works, and
every department is most systematically con-
ducted and managed. The officers of the com-
pany are Mr. James Oliver, the inventor and
founder of the woiks who is president. Mr.
Joseph O. Oliver, the oniy son of Mr. James
Oliver, who has been connected with these
works, is general manager and treasurer of
the company. For years he has been a most
important factor in the management of the
vast business of the company, and has been
actively engaged in the development of the
works and the extension of its tiade. Mr.
Joseph D. Oliver may oe said to have com-
menced and continued his career with the in-
ception and the progress of tne Oliver ChiLea
Plow Works. As a boy he was a workman
in the shops, and labored when he was almost
too sma.i to reach a work Dench or a drill
press. When he had completed his education
he devoted his best eneigies to the success
of the business, and was a most energetic,
alert and indefatigauie assistant to his hon-
ored father. For years he has been the lead-
ing spirit in extending the business of the
company, and has given the closest attention
to every detail of the great enterprise, and con-
tributed largely to its success, and its present
important position among the great manu-
facturing interests of the country. Mr. Frank
Abbott, a gentleman of rare executive ability
and business experience, is vice-president of

the company, and Mr. George Ford, is the sec-
retary. The geneial superintendent of the
works is Mr. Lafayette Le Van, an able and
efficient gentleman. Mr. F. C. Nippold, the
cashier, is an honored citizen of South Bend
and has oeen connected with these works for
more than a quarter of a century. Mr. Edwin
Nicar, who has charge of the advertising anu
foreign departments has been connected with
the works for twenty-one years. Mr. M. m.
Matthews, the tiaffic manager ot the company,
has held this important position for years and
is a valuable official, and Mr. H. J. Davis, in
charge of the shipping department, is one of
the most able and best equipped shippers in
the west and has for years been in the em-
ploy of the company. Notwithstanding the
magnitude of the present works, extensive ad-
ditions to the buildings and this mammouth
plant, are now being made.

SINGER MANUFACTURING CO.

One of the most extensive andimpoitant indus-
tries of South Bend is the new mammoth
additions to the great manufacturing indus-
plant of the Singer Manufacturing Company,
which is now in course of erection. This
gigantic plant with its vast lumber yards and
sheds will cover an area of about sixty acres,
and is located on the Lake Shore & Michigan
Southern railroad, at Division and Olive
streets. The buildings are all massive struc-
tures of brick, and will be built on most
modern plans, and equipped with every mod-
ern appliance which the mechanical genius of
the century has perfected as adaptable for
these works. The main machinery building
is 600 feet long and 60 feet ueep, and is four
story and basement in heignt, with extensions
on either end of one story buildings 60 x 100
feet, and 60 x 40 feet. The caDinet and stock
building will be another immense structuie,
four stories and basement in height, 600 feet
long and 60 feet deep. Contiguous to this
will be the great finishing anu shipping build-
ing, also four stories in heignt, and 600 feet
long by 60 feet wide. In addition to these
buildings there will be erected twenty-four
dry kilns, for drying lumber, with a capacity
of 1,500,000 feet ot lumber at one time; a
veneer drying room, and a veneer storage
room, each one story in height, and each 200
feet long by 60 feet deep. The immense
engine rooms, two in numoer, will each con-
tain 1000 hoise power engines and a number
of electrical engines in addition. The two
boiler rooms will have sixteen monstrous

SOUTH BEND.

381

boilers of 150 horse power each, and will be
supplied with every device known to modern
engineering skill. There will also be erected
a building designed for filling woods, one
story high, 300 feet long and 60 feet deep; a
building for storing varnishes, buiit entirely
of concrete, one story m height and 40 x 60
feet, and a fire proof concrete pattern room
of the same dimensions. All the buildings of
this magnificent plant will be placed 100 feet
apart, and all will be connected with iron
bridges on the several floors. The lumber
yards, dry kilns, and the various buildings
will also be connected with a surface trolley
railway erected by the company and on which

facturing establishment in the world. About
2000 skilled workmen will be employed in
the various departments, and the work done
of the highest possible character. This great
plant will be completed and ready for occu-
pancy by the latter part of 1901, and the
present extensive plant on East Madison street
will then be discontinued. The present plant
was established in this city in 1S68, and at
that time the total capacity was only 1000
cabinet sets a week. Today the capacity of
this plant, which has already outgrown its
environments, is 5000 sets per day, and 1500
workmen are employed in the various depart-
ments. The main building is three story and

THE NEW WORKS OF THE SINGER MFG. CO.

will be run the company's special trolley cars.
The buildings will be steam heated and sup-
plied with automatic sprinklers for fire pro-
tection. The office building, also detached
from the other structures, will be of ornate
design, two stories in height and 55 x 65 feet,
and private telephone connections will be
made with the office and every building con-
nected with the great enterprise. In these
works will be constructed all the cases and
elaborate cabinet work for sewing machines
manufactured by this world-iamous company,
and the capacity of the works will be 7500
sets per day, the largest output of any nianu-

basement in height and 350 teet long by 40
feet deep, with an 80 foot wing attached. A
new machinery building has also been erected
which is three stories in height and 150 feet
long by 60 feet deep. The cabinet buildings
200 x 60 feet and 150 x 40 feet also three
stories in height, the shipping building,
300 x 40 feet and three stories, are all taxed
to their utmost capacity to supply the in-
creasing demands of the company. In con-
nection with this plant is also a finishing
building 200 feet by 60 feet, three stories in
height, and a handsome office building, both
detached from the main buildings and fronting

:;v.>

SOUTH BEND.

on East Madison street, on tne east side of
the river. The cabinets and cases manufac-
tured in these works are finished complete for
the American trade and shipped to the great
works of the company at Elizabeth, New Jer-
sey, where the machines are perfected and
supplied to the trade throughout the coun-
try. Cases and cabinets are also supplied to
the mammoth machine works of the Singer
Company which are located at Kilbowie. near
Glasgow, in Scotland, which is the largest
sewing machine factory in the world, and has
a capacity of 20,000 complete machines a
week. Cabinets and cases are also shipped
to the other factories of the company located
at Hamburg and Berlin. Germany. At this
local establishment there are thirteen dry
kilns and extensive lumber yards of hardwood,
oak, walnut, mahogany, maple and other
woods, of which the handsome cases and cabi-
nets are constructed. These works have
constantly g. own from their first inception,
and at the present time the seven extensive
buildings are inadequate to supply the grow-
ing demands upon them, and the new mam-
moth plant has become a necessity. Nor does
the work of this great company confine itself
to the plants already described, both present
and prospective, but for the past three years
the company has operated an enormous foun-
dry on the tract of land immediately adjoin-
ing the new plant on the east. Here, on the
twenty acres allotted to this branch of manu-
facture, are erected the main foundry build-
ing, one story in height and 420 x 60 feet, a
drilling, jappaning. grinding and filing build-
ing. 240 x 60 feet, part one story and part two
stories in height; the assembling and crat-
ing building, 200x60 feet, and one sto;y high,
and the storage and shipping building, 400 x SO
feet. This entire plant is run by electricity
and the engine and boiler rooms are 40 x 60
feet. All these buildings are connected by a
private trolley line and two and one half miles
of track are laid within the enclosure. At
these works all the iron work for the stands
of the sewing machines manufactured by the
Singer Company, for its western and southern
business, are cast and finisned. Here also
the machines to supply the Western and
Southern trade are encased in cabinets and
mounted on the stands, and tne complete ma-
chines shipped to their various points of
destination. Abont 2500 perfected machines
are shipped weekly to the branch offices with-
in this territory, and the capacity will shortly
be increased to 500 machines daily. About
200 skilled workmen are employed in the

various departments of these works, which
are an important adjunct to the industrial
giowth of this progressive city. The Singer
Manufacturing Company now produces
ninety-two per cent of the sewing machines
manufactured in the world, and this percent-
age, under the able management of its officers
and managers and the erection of new and
extensive factories will be materially in-
creased in the near future. The company is
one of the la gest industrial corporations in
the world, and has grown to its present monu-
mental proportions from a most modest and
unpretentious inception about half a century
ago. The present company was incorporated
under the laws of the State of New Jersey
with a capital of $10,000,000.00. which is today
but a meagre suggestion of the vast amount
of capital now invested in the various
branches and factories of tms gigantic cor-
poration. The capital stock of the company
was recently increased to $30,000,000.00. The
present officers of the company are: Frederick
G. Bourne, president; W. P. Proctor, first
vice president; Douglass Alexander, second
vice president, and C. A. Miller, secretary.
The completion of the mammoth new plant
of the Singer Manufacturing Company will
mark an important epoch in the industrial
annals of this city, and will prove a most val-
uable and enduring addition to the great man
ufacturing interests which have mainly con-
tributed to the development and prosperity of
this great and progressive manufacturing city.

A. C. STALEY MAUPACTURING COMPANY.
This extensive enterprise, devoted exclus-
ively to the manufacture of men's fine woolen
underwear and Jersey knit overshirts. is one
of the leading industries of this progressive
city. It was originally establisned in 1855 by
Mr. A. C. Staley, at Plymouth. Indiana ,for the
manufacture of flannels and blankets. In 1862
the business was removed to this city and to
its present location on the St. Joe liver, under
the Arm name of A. C. Staley & Sons. In the
fall of 1888 the A. C. Staley Manufacturing
Company was incorporated under the laws of
the state of Indiana, with A. C. Staley, M. B.
Staley. William H. Longley and R. Stewart
Pigot as the incorporators, and during that
year the production of the mill was changed
from flannels and blankets to the manufacture
of men's wool undeiwear and overshirts. In
1889 Mr. A. C. Staley died and William Mack
and William H. Mack, and cue Stephenson
Brothers acquired an interest in the business

SOUTH BEND.

383

and became connected with its management.
Soon after Messrs. Longley and Pigot with-
drew from the company, and later William
Mack and William H. Mack also disposed of
their interests in the corporation to the Steph-
enson Brothers. The present officers of the
company are: M. B. Staley, president; C. B.
Stephenson, vice-president; A. H. Stephenson,
secretary; B. C. Stephenson, treasurer, and
the board of directors is composed of the
above officers with the addition of F. A. Stepn-
enson. The business of the company has made
rapid strides in its development of the under-

are run both day and night for the balance of
the year to fill the accumulated orders. Both
steam and water power are used ana the com-
pany owns and operates its own electric light-
ing plant. Additional improvements are con-
templated and continually being made, among
which is a mammoth improved water wheel
for increasing modern electrical appliances
and machinery to be utilized in the manufac-
turing department. The entire product of these
mills is sold to the retail merchant, thus sav-
ing the jobbers' profits, through whom goods
of this character usually reach the consumer.

FACTORIES OF THE A. 0. STALEY MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

wear trade and from a modest, unpretentious
frame woolen mill has grown a mammoth plant
of extensive brick buildings, equipped with the
most modern machinery. Five handsome
buildings now occupy the site and the company
has erected another commodious building to
meet the growing demands of the expanding
trade. Their goods are on sale in all the
principal cities and towns from western New
York and Pensylvania to the Pacific coast, and
from the Canadian line to the Ohio river. T|he
entire product of the mills is sold before the
first day of May in each year, and the mills

The concern was the only one of its kind in
America to run its mills continuously during
the panic years of 1893 to 1896. without even a
temporary stoppage or reduction oi the force
or the scale of wages. No similar institution
can boast of a better record. The management
of the business is conducted upon the highest
plane of business ethics and commercial pio-
gress. Their skilled workmen are afways re-
tained, and to-day parents and children labor
side by side in the various departments, while
in several instances the grandparents of these
children are still engaged in the mills and are

384

SOUTH BEND.

valued employed. The gentlemen connected
with it are business men of the highest type.
They are men of large experience, high stand-
ing in commercial and financial circles, and
are among the foremost in the confidence and
esteem of this community.

SOUTH BEND TOY MFG. COMPANY.

Among the extensive manufacturing enter-
prises in this city is the South Bend Toy Com-
pany which may be said to be the largest in
the world devoted to this special line of manu-
facture. The history of this company is an
epitome of successful effort from a modest,
almost obscure, beginning to present magni-
tude and annually increasing proportions.
These mammoth works found their inception
in a modest building on the west race at the
foot of Washington street, and its inceptor

SOUTH liEND TOY MFG. COMPANY.

was Mr. John W. Teel, now the president of
the corporation. From the manufacture of a
limited number of croquet sets this enterprise,
under able management, now ships its
various products to all parts of the world. In
1872 Mr. Teel commenced the business and
shortly afterward the firm was known as Teel
& Slick. This continued for two years when
Mr. Slick retired and was succeeded by Mr.
Frederick H. Badet, and the firm was changed
to Teel & Badet. In 1883 the enterprise had
grown, and the South Bend Toy Company
was organized and incorporated Dy Messrs.
John W. Teel. Frederick H. Badet and William
F. Carskaddon but the latter remained with
the company but three years when he disposed
of his interest to Messrs. Teel and Badet, the
former being the president of the company
and the latter the secretary and treasurer. In
1888 the present extensive plant, on High
street and the Lake Shore & Michigan South-
ern railroad, was erected, with the exception

of a large three story brick building which
was erected in 1898, and which enabled the
company to double the amount of its products.
The buildings are all of modern construction
and equipped with every mechanical device
and appliance adapted for the business, and
furnishes employment to 350 skilled work-
men. The company manufactures an ex-
tensive and artistic line of croquet sets, chil-
dren's wagons, carts, wheelbarrows, shoo
flys, chairs, doll carriages and games of every
known variety and description. These works
are widely known in the commercial and man-
ufacturing world, and the trade of the com-
pany extends throughout the United States
and Europe, and have done much to advance
the interests of South Bend as an important
manufacturing city. Mr. John W. Teel, the
president, and Mr. Frederick H. Badet, secre-
tary and treasurer, are both ousiness men of
the highest type and of prominence in the
community.

SOUTH BEND MALLEABLE IRON CO.

One of the most important and extensive
industrial enterprises recently established in
this city is the South Bend Malleable lion
Company, whose mammotn and splendidly
equipped new plant is located on Arnold street
at the junction of the Lake Shore & Michigan
Southern and the Chicago «c Grand Trunk
railways, and in close connection with the
Indiana, Illinois & Iowa railway. The tract
of land occupied by this company comprises
nine acres, and the handsome new buildings
erected within the enclosure are models of
modern architecture and most admirably
adapted for the purposes for which they were
especially designed. The present buildings
are four in number, of attractive design, and
built in the most substantial manner of white
brick and steel, and supplied with every ap
pliance known to modern skill and science in
the erection of foundry and factory buildings.
The foundry building is one of the most ex-
tensive in the west and is excellently lighted
and ventilated. Here are erected the cupolas
and air furnaces for the manufacture of mal-
leable iron, which are furnished with a thirty
horse power electric motor and fan for the
cupolas and furnaces. In this building are
also located the wood working and pattern
shops, and an absolutely fire proof pattern
vault, in which all patterns are placed at
night and perfect safety and security as-
sured. In the foundry all the castings are
made which at present embrace all articles

SOUTH BEND.

385

in malleable iron, used in agriculture imple-
ments, wagons and carriages, railroads and
street car construction. The range is almost
limitless and the facilities ot the foundry are
available alike for the lightest and heaviest
castings that may be devised. Adjoining the
foundry and within easy distance is the im-
mense cleaning and assorting building, where
all the castings are first taken from the mould-
ing floors. This building is also constructed
of brick and steel and is equipped with a
number of tumbling barrels, emery grinding
machines, etc.. and which is supplied with one

it from the other departments where the male
workmen are employed. From the cleaning
shops the castings are removed to the anneal-
ing building, which is also an immense struc-
ture of brick and steel, and along the entire
east side of which are erected the annealing
ovens, which are of the most modern and ap-
proved designs. These ovens are so con-
structed that a perfect circulation of heat at
the proper temperature is systematically
maintained and the process of annealing has
been reduced to the shortest possiDle time,
consistent with perfect work. In this build-

THE SOUTH BEND MALLEABLE IKON CO.

ten horse and two five horse electric motors
for propelling the machinery used in this
building. Here all the castings are properly
cleaned, filed, ground and assorted and pre-
parted for the annealing process which is one
of the chief features of this establishment.
In this building is also arranged a perfectly
equipped "core room," with modern ovens and
all the essentials for this important adjunct
of the found y business. Only women and
girls are employed in the core room, and every
care has been taken to eriectually separate

ing all the castings are finished and are then
transported to the warehouse, or storage and
shipping building, immediately adjoining, and
especially arranged for rapid and systematic
disposal and shipment. The railway tracks
are laid in the ground and the cars are loaded
direct from the building, and then transferred
to the various contiguous roads for transporta-
tion. In every essential detail these works
are models of their kind, and are the most
perfectly arranged of any similar establish-
ments in the country. The present capacity

38G

SOUTH BEND.

of the works is fiom 8000 to 10,000 tons of mal-
leable castings per annum, but this can be
readily increased as occasion demands. The
company uses onl the best quality of Lake
Superior charcoal iron in the manufacture of
their castings, and employ none but skilled
workmen in their various depa. tnients. About
250 workmen are engaged in these works, and
each department is under tne practical super-
intendance of acknowledged experts of long
experience in their paiticular lines. The pol-
icy of the company is to manufacture only
the best goods and to maintain the highest
grade of excellence in all branches of work,
and their trade is throughout the United
States. The office of the company is a hand-
some brick building, detached from the works,
and admirably arranged for the proper con-
duct of this extensive business. The com-
pany was incorporated in January. 1900, with

Bend Malleable Iron Company ranks among
the foremost enterp ises oi its kind in the
United States.

THE SOUTH BEND CHILLED PLOW WORKS.

One of the most extensive and important of
the great manufacturing industries of South
Bend is that of the South Bend Chilled Plow
Company, an enterprise whose products have a
world-wide reputation. This great business
was established in 1S76, under the style of the
St. Joseph Machine company, and continued
under that style until 1877, when the preseut
company was organized and incorporated under
state laws, the present officers being W. L.
Cassaday, president; G. B. Cassaday, vice-
president, and A. D. Baker, secretary and
treasurer. The plant of the company is one of
the most extensive and complete manufacturing

THE SHI III BEND CHILLED I'l.oW CO.

a paid up capital of $75,000.00. and later in-
creased to $100,000.00. and its officers are
Edward T. Mauzy. president; D. S. Marsh,
vice president and treasu:er; John F. Deacon,
secretary, anu the Doard of directors consists
of Mr. Mauzy, the president, Mr. Clem Bcude-
baker and Mr. J. M. Studebaker. Mr. Mauzy
is also the general manager of the company
and conducts its various branches of business
with rare skill and ability acquireu by long
years of business training and experience. For
nearly fifteen years Mr. Mauzy was the pur-
chasing agent oi the Studebaker Bros. Manu-
facturing Company. In 1889 he removed to
Moline, 111., where he was tne secretary of the
Moline Wagon Company at that place and was
also a director in the Union Malleable Iron
Company at Moline, which positions he has
resigned to take the management of this
great enterprise in South Bend. The South

plants in the country, fitted throughout with
modern steam power machinery, and every ap-
pliance of perfected manufacture. The build-
ings are one and two story brick structures, and
the great plant comprises a foundry with 35,-
000 square feet of surface; wood shops, 12,000
square feet: blacksmith shops, 21,000 square
feet; grinding shops, 4,800 square feet; setting
up shops, 6,000 square feet; polishing shops.
5,000 square feet; paint shops, 11,000 square
feet; machine shops 13,000 square feet; mallea-
ble iron works, 15.000 square feet; cast steel
works, 7,000 square feet; and stock and ware-
house having 108,000 square feet, making a
grand total of 237,000 square feet, or a floor
space of five and one-half acres. The company
manufactures a high grade of plows and cul-
tivators under ts own patents, including chilled
plows, steel plows, sulky plows, gang plows, the
world famed Cassaday three wheel sulky plow.

SOUTH BEND

387

cultivators, etc. The works give employment
to six hundred men and its products are shipped
to all parts of the world. Taking this great
plant in its entirety, its magnitude, the extent
and variety of its products, its army ot well
paid employes and the immense capital in-
vested, and it is well nigh impossible to over-
estimate the vast value of the establishment in
its influence upon the progress and advance-
ment of the city. The operation of this
enormous plant requires the application of the
most enlightened methods, and the posses-
sion on the part of its officers of executive and
administrative abilities of the highest order.

THE O'BRIEN VARNISH COMPANY.

One of the most important and extensive in-
dustries which have exercised a material in-

of linseed oil. About ten years ago the com-
pany erected a fair sized linseed oil mill and
to-day it has facilities for crushing 225,000
bushels of flax seed annually, and so great is
the demand for this product that the mills have
been running night and day at their full capa-
city. Thousands of barrels of oil are shipped
from the mills and about five thousand tons oi
oil cake are annually exported to Europe. The
company has strenuously declined to enter any
combination or trust in linseed oil manufacture,
and has been successful in maintaining the high
standard of its product and commanding a sale
for all the oil it can crush with its present faci-
lities. The trade mark of the company hears
the legend "Agimus Antecedere," — we strive to
excel, — and its present success and extensive
business is incontrovertible evidence of the wis-
dom of its selection and the realization of its

THE O'BRIEN VARNISH COMPANY'S WORKS.

fluence in the commercial progress and advance-
ment of this city, is the O'Brien Varnish Com-
pany, whose extensive works are located at thy
corner of Washington and Johnson streets.
This company was founded and incorporated
in 1878 hy Mr. P. O'Brien, who has been its pres-
ident since its establishment, and who has devo-
ted himself to its growth and development with
assiduous energy. The company is one of the
largest manufacturers in the west of a superior
grade of varnish adapted for carriages, wagons,
pianos, railway cars, and for every purpose for
which varnish is used, and the high reputation
of the product of these works extends through-
out the entire country. Another important
feature of this establishment is the manufacture

claims. The trade of the company extends
throughout the United States and Canada, with
a large foreign export of oil cake, and the var-
nishes manufactured by the company are in
equal demand. The officers of the company
are: Mr. P. O'Brien, president; who with his
four sons, Samuel P. O'Brien, W. D. O'Brien,
George L. O'Brien and P. J. O'Brein, form the
board of directors. Mr. Samuel P. O'Brien is
the vice-president of the company, Mr. W. D.
O'Brien, treasurer, Mr. George L. O'Brien, sec-
retary, and Mr. F. J. O'Brien, cashier. All of
these gentlemen are well known in business
circles and in the community, and are active
and energitic in advancing the interests of the
company. Mr. P. O'Brien, the president, has

388

SOUTH BEND

been identified with the commercial interests
of South Bend for forty-two years, and is one
of the most enterprising and progressive manu-
facturers in this section of the state.

THE MUESSEL BREWING CO.

For more than half a century the name of
•'Muessel" has been prominently identified wit1!
the brewing interests of South Bend and today
the extensive establishment of the Muessel
Brewing Comoany ranks among the foremost
industries of this city. Mr. Christopher Mues
sel, who founded the business In 1852. was the
first president of tue company, was a native of

success of the enterprise. In 1S65 the business
outgrew the limited caoaeity of the original
brewery and Mr. Muessel purchased a large tract
of land near Portage avenue and beyond the
northern limits of the city and erected thereon
a more extensive and modernly equipped plant.
The brewery buildings are substantial brick
structures, and fully supplied with every mod-
ern device and appliance known to the progres-
sive beer brewer of the present day. Steam
power is used and a modern cooling process in-
stalled with an ice machine of forty-five tons
daily capacity. The malt houses, brewery build •
ins, bottling works, stables and all the appur-
tenances of this extensive plant are admirably
adapted for the purposes for which they were

THE MUESSEL BREWING COMPANY.

Arzberg, Germany, and had learned the details
of the brewing business in his native country.
He emigrated to America and in 1852 came to
South Bend, resolved to establish a brewery in
this city. He at once purchased a lot of ground
located at Vistula avenue and St. Joseph street.
erected a modest brewery plant upon a portioa
of it and commenced the manufacture of a pure
and wholesome beer, which immediately com-
manded popular favor, and from the outset his
reputation as a brewer of excellent beer was
firmly established. The business annually in-
creased and as his three sons, Ludwig, William
and Edward grew to manhood they assisted
their father and materially contributed to the

designed. Ludwig Muessel, the eldest son died
in 18S4, and his two sons, Walter and Adolph
J. Muessel, have succeeded to his interest in the
business. In 1S93 the Muessel Brewing Com-
pany was organized with Mr. Christopher Mues-
sel, the original founder, as its president. Mr.
Muessel continued at the head of the enterprise
until March 25, 1894, when he died at the ad-
vanced age of eighty-two years, and the business
descended to his children and grand children,
William Muessel, Edward Muessel, Anna Kath-
arina Poehlman, Walter G. Muessel and A. J.
Muessel. The present officers of the company
r.re: Edward Muessel, president; William Mues-
sel, secretary; Walter G. Muessel, treasurer and

SOUTH BEND.

::n<)

manager, and Adolph J. Muessel, assistant man-
ager. The company has ever maintained the
purity and excellence of its product and today
their popular brands of "Standard ' and "Bavar-
ian" beers in cooperag'e are in increasing de-
mand in South Bend and the vicinity, and in
northern Indiana and Southern Michigan. The
company is also extensively engaged in the bot-
tling business, and the famous "Arzberg Ex-
port" named in honor of the home of the found-
er of the brewery, has no superior in any sec-
tion of the country. Mr. Christopher Muessel
was the inventor of a patent racking machine
and bottle draining rack, which, with some
minor improvements, are now in use in the
breweries throughout the United States. The
present officers of the company are all progres-
sive business men and practical brewers, who
give their best efforts to the management and
success of the great enterprise.

HOKE MANUFACTURING COMPANY.
An industry in South Bend that has a nation-
al reputation for the excellence of its products

fitted with all special machinery, a detached
storage warehouse and office building. The
company manufactures non-lever riding and
walking corn cultivators, also spike and spring
tooth harrows, all built under the patents of
John I. Hoke, the inventor. They are of the
high arch design and built entirely of malleable
iron and steel, and are almost indestructable,
and consequently the most economical on the
market. The company employes a large force
of skilled workmen, and its products are ship-
ped to all parts of the country and are in con-
stantly increasing demand.

COQUILLARD WAGON WORKS.

The Coquillard Wagon Works, one of the
great manufacturing enterprises that has
made South Bend famous as an industrial
center, was established in 1865 by Mr. A. Co-
quillard, whose fame as a wagon maker is
national. The business was established in a
small way and gradually grew under its foun-

§5 » 5|

JX&

oquillardWagon|^^

SOUTH BEND, IN D. ^

^0^ --'

w^s

is that of the Hoke Manufacturing Comnany.
manufacturers of cultivators and harrows. This
business was established in 1893, in a small way.
by Mr. John I. Hoke, whose genius gave birth
to the patents under which the products of the
compa ny are made. Mr. Hoke conducted this
business alone until 1895 when he organized
and incorporated the present company, the offi-
cers and stockholders being John I. Hoke, his
father William Hoke, and Chas. H. Murdock.
The company in 1899 built a new plant on West
Sample street specially for its own use and it
is one of the most complete in the city. It con-
sists of one large brick building, 60 x 200 feet.

der's direction, until, at the time of his death
in 1890. it has assumed large proportions,
since which time it has gone on growing in
importance and output. The plant is one of
the large ones of our city and comprises two
immense th.ee story buildings, with black-
smith and machine shops adjoining. These
are equipped with all the latest machinery and
appliances for the manufacture of all kinds of
light and heavy wagons, farm wagons, trucks,
one horse wagons, etc. The business em-
ploys a large force ot skilled mechanics, and
the large output is shipped to all parts of the
country. The Coquillard wagon is the stand-

390

SOUTH BEND

ard of excellence and durability. The busi-
ness since the death of the founder of this
enterprise has been under the direction of Mr.
Samuel S. Perley and Mr. Liucius G. Tong. the
former being the manager. Mr. Perley is
one of our leading business men and is presi-
dent of the Perley Lumber Company and a
diiector of the Citizens' National Bank. Mr.
Tong is Cashier of the St. Joseph County Sav-
ings Bank, and of the St. Joseph Loan and
Trust Company.

THE N. P. BOWSHER CO.

The N P. Bowsher Co. is one of the leading
industrial enterprises of this city and was first
established by N. P. Bowsher, now deceased, in
18S2, and located on the west race. This fac-
tory was destroyed by fire in 1886 but was re-

highest award at the World s Columbian Ex-
position at Chicago, and were awarded gold
medals at the Atlanta and Omaha expositions,
where they attracted general notice and high
enconiums. About forty men are constantly
employed and the output of the works is ship-
ped to every quarter of the United States, while
a growing demand for them is being developed
in several foreign countries. Mr. N. P. Bow-
sher, the founder of the business, was an un-
usually successful inventor of practical mechan-
ical devices, and prior to establishing his own
business was engaged as master mechanic by
the Oliver Chilled Plow Works. The efficient
management of the business of the company
during the past three years, has been in the
hands of Mr. D. D. Bowsher, president and
treasurer, and Mr. J. C. Bowsher, vice-president
of the company. These gentlemen have been

THE X. P. UoWsllEU rn.

built and in 1894 the present site was selected
and the business removed. The company man-
ufactures an extensive line of specialties for the
milling and machinery trade, and is the paten-
tee of the celebrated "combination" feed mills,
and the "globe" sweep feed grinder. From a
modest beginning the business has gradually-
expanded and in 1897 the present large plant,
located at Webster and Sample streets, was oc-
cupied, and increased facilities afforded for the
growing business. During that year the com-
pany was incorporated under the present style
The plant comprises a splendidly equipped
machine shop, foundry, smith and wood work-
ing shops, which are mainly devoted to the pro-
duction of the feed mills, speed indicators, mill
cogs and similar specialties. The feed mills
manufactured by this company were given the

connected with the company from the begin-
ning, and have been largely identified with its
growth and advancement.

SOUTH BEND PULLEY COMPANY.

By right of reputation and enterprise the
South Bend Pulley Company may fairly lay
claim to a conspicuous prestige and prominence
among South Bend's foremost industries and
commercial interests. This business was or-
ganized and the South Bend Pulley Company
incorporated in 1S90, under a ten year State
charter, and an applicaUon for a reissue of the
charter will soon be made. The plant of the
company, at No. 1530 South Lafayette street,
between Midway street, Broadway and the Van-

SOUTH BEND

:s'.H

dalia Railroad, is complete in all that the term
inplies. The buildings are large and spacious
and fully equipped with all modern machinery
driven by steam power, and give employment to
a large force of skilled workmen. The line of
manufacture embraces exclusively wood split
pulleys with iron hubs and bushings, made un-
der patents of the company. The excellence of
these pulleys for use in every line of manufac-
ture where a wood pulley can possibly be used
is demonstrated by their sale throughout the
United States, Canada, Mexico and the large
exports to foreign countries, the orders requir
ing the operation of the plant frequently night
and day. The company manufactures its pul-
leys in every size from the smallest to the very
largest in use. The officers of the South Bend
Pulley Company are W. T. Carskaddon, presi-
dent and treasurer, and Marvin Carskaddon,
secretary. The former is one of our reliable
business men and a thoroughly public spirited
citizen, who has been connected with a number
of our largest enterprises.

received for over two million boxes from
single firms. "Many men of many minds"
expresses the variety of their creations as
most of the work is upon orders, and the
styles necessarily vaiy as much as does the
taste and necessities of the customers. The
company has achieved a remarkable success
and the superior quality and unique designs ot
their products are acknowledged by all who
use them. The company also conducts and
owns its own extensive printing establishment
in which every style of aitistic printing is
done for the ornamentation of the great
variety of packages made. The officers of the
company are Hon. Marvin (Jampbeh, presi-
dent; John B. Campbell, secretary, and W. H.
Barger, treasurer and superintendent. These
gentlemen are all well known in the business
community and are progressive men in the
highest sense.

THE FOLDING PAPER BOX COMPANY.
A leading industry of South Bend is The
Folding Paper Box Company, whose immense
plant is located at South Main and Sample
streets. This company was organized and
incoporated in 1893, and today occupies a four
story and basement brick building, 66 x 165
feet, built expressly for this business and
equipped with every modem mechanical de-
vice adapted for this line of manufacture. It
has ample yard room upon which are located
two dwelling houses, occupied by the engineer
and teamster of the company. Upon the
same ground is located a fine uarn and sheds
for wagons. A sidetrack from the Vandalia
iailroad is in the yard enabling tne company
to load and unload without the cost of cartage.
The company manufactures a great variety of
folding paper boxes designed for the safe
carrying of mercnandise, clothing, millinery,
hats, soaps, drugs, candies, perfumes, cereals,
etc., all of which are in increasing demand.
They also manufacture neat boxes of various
styles and designs, many of them Deing ar-
tistic and of handsome appearance. Over
eighty skilled workmen are employed in the
factory and the business of the company ex-
tends over the United States. They are also
the designers and manufacturers ot what is
known as the Buyers Filing system, which has
become universally popular m all commercial
houses and business offices, and which are
shipped to all parts of the worla. Some idea
of the magnitude of the business may be
gained when it is stated that orders are often

INDIANA LUMBER AND MFG. CO.
The Indiana Lumber and Manufacturing Com-
pany is the largest of its kind in the city, carry-
ing on a general lumber business, also planing
and mill work, interior work for the best class
of buildings in this city. The company also con-
structs buildings from the cheapest to the best
that are built in this section of the country.
and many of the most substantial buildings in
the city are products of this company. The
office, factory and main yard is located on South
Michigan street, extending east along the south
side of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern
Railroad, two blocks to Carroll street. The
company also has a branch yard on East Jeffer ■
son street, and one on Union street in Misha-
waka. Each of these yards is supplied with a
full line of building material. The construction
department is under the management of 0.
Fassnacht. John McCoombs and G. Y. Hepler all
of whom are practical carpenter contractors.
The factory is equipped with the latest mach-
inery which enables the company to turn out
work promptly and perfectly. This company
was incorporated in March 1898, with a capital
of $60,000.00, combining both the South Bend
Lumber Company and the C. Fassnacht Lumber
Company. The officers are: C. Fassnacht. a
leading contractor and builder, president. Mr.
Fassnacht is also connected with the Citizens^
National Bank, holding the office of vice-presi-
dent. Mr. J. W. Taylor, secretary, is a compe-
tent and obliging bookkeeper, who was initia-
ted into the lumber business under the firm of
Dresden & Stanfield. Mr. S. A. Hillier, treas-
urer, is a veteran lumber man who has been in
the trade twenty-five years. The gentlemen
who are associated in the various departments

392

SOUTH BEND.

of the enterprise are men well known for their
fitness. Mr. F. Collmer. the superintendent of
the factory has had many years of experience
and turns out only first class work. Mr. Elvm
Hodson is an expert sash and blind and door
maker and devotes his entire time to this
branch of the business, and Mr. G. Hepler who
is a leader in the contract work is widely
known in this capacity and was formerly a
member of the contracting firm of McCoombs tv
Hepler.

THE SOUTH BEND COMMERCIAL COLLEGE.

The Citj; of South Bend can justly boast of
one of the best managed and progressive
Commercial Colleges in tlie west, and one of
the most thorough and practical institutions of
its kind in the country. The college has a
perfectly organized departments in bookkeep-
ing, banking, expert accounting, penmanship,
business arithmetic, commercial law and coi-
respondence, and additional departments in
stenography and typewriting, and a thorough
English preparatory course in arithmetic.
grammar, reading, spelling, punctuation and

prof. w. T. bikini:.

geography. All of the depaitments are con-
ducted by gentlemen who are well versed in
the various branches of study, and give their
undivided attention to the classes under their
supervision. For nearly eighteen years this
college has been in active and useful exis-
tance and the graduates from the institution

are now filling positions of Lust, responsi-
bility and importance in the great enterprises
of South Bend and the leading commercial
centers of the "West. The diplomas issued
by this college are testimonials of deserving
merit and they are accepted by the merchant
and the manufacturer as indisputable evi-

CHABLES C. CHIN <..

dences 01 the qualifications and abilities of the
graduate who applies for a position in store or
office. In every department the most thor-
ough and practical systems are in torce and
tiom the outset the students are brought into
direct contact with the practical forms and
requirements of commercial lite. The college
is, in fact, a vast business enterprise in whicn
the student takes an active part in all the
varied commercial ramifications of business
life. The college is open both day and even-
ing and thus affords excellent facilities for
those employed during the day to equip them-
selves for the higher vocations of life. The
success of this institution has been largely
due to the high standards established by its
honored president. Prof. W. T. Boone, who has
been identified with the college since its in-
fancy, and who has given his whole attention
to the progressive management of each de-
partment. He is ably assisted by Mr. Charles
C. Cring. the secretary and business manager,
who has had an extended experience as an
instructor, and by Mr. R. F. Cummins, the of-
ficial representative of the college, who is also
a gentleman well ve.sed in the management of

South; bend.

893

Collegiate institutions. The additional facul-
ty is composed of Prof. B. H. Tnomas, who
has charge of the Department of Shorthand;
Prof. F. B. Bellis, proiessor of Penmanship
and assistant in the Business department,
and Prof. M. D. Puterbaugn, professor of
English, and instructor on tne typewriter.
The college is located in the Myeis building,
at the northeast corner of South Michigan
and Wayne streets, and the various offices
and class rooms are admirably arranged for
the purposes for which they were designed.
Prof. W. T. Boone, the piesident of the col-
lege, is a native of St. Joseph County, and
was born June 1, 1861. His rather, Philip E.
Boone, was a successful agriculturist, and the
young man received his early education in the

K. F. CUMMINS.

local schools and afterwards took a teacher's
course at the Normal College at Valparaiso.
He is also a graduate of the celebrated East-
man's Business College at Poughkeepsie, N.
Y., wheie he received a thoiough tmsiness
course of instruction. He afterward taught
school for three years, and in 1884 assumed
charge of the South Bend Commercial Col-
lege and has been the ruling spirit of the in-
stitution ever since. He is an advanced in-
structor and takes charge of the Depaitment
of Bookkeeping. Arithmetic and Commercial
Law, and delivers lectures on Economics and
Commercial Law to the students. Mr.
Charles C. Cring, is a native oi Delaware,

Ohio, and was born May 25, 1867. After at-
tending the local public schools he took a
course at the Ohio Wesleyan University, and
Michael's National Pen, Art and Business
College. He afterwards taught in the schools
of Columbus, Chillicothe anu Massilon, Ohio,
and in 1898 he came to Soum Bend and be-
came identified with the Business College. He
is a practical business man and an able in-
structor, and has advanced the interests of
the institution in a marked degree. Mr. R.
F. Cummins, the official representative, is a
native of Jacksonville. 111., but in early life
his patents removed to Bluff ton, Ind. His
education was acquired in the estate Normal
School at Terre Haute, and he afterwards
taught school at Bluffton. He has been en-
gaged in commercial pursuits for a number
of years, and but recently connectea himself
with the South Bend Commercial College. He
is a progressive business man and a valuable
addition to the staff of the college.

WELLS & KREIGHBAUM MANUFACTUR-
ING COMPANY.

Among the extensive interests or our city is
that of the Wells & Kreighuaum Manufac-
turing Company, makers of extension and par-
lor tables. This business was originally
started in 1874 by A. Weils & Son, and was
successfully conducted until 1894 when the
Wells Manufacturing Company succeeded it,
and in 1898 the present company was or-
ganized and incorporated. The works occupy
two very large buildings, specially fitted and
equipped for this line of manufacture, with
modern steam power maenmery, and gives
employment to a large force oi skilled work-
men. The company makes a large variety of
extension and parlor tables which find ready
sale throughout the United States. The of-
ficers of the company are: E. E. Wells, presi-
dent; C. L. Rosenoerger, vice president, and
H. W. Kreighbaum, secretary and treasure..

THE MALLEABLE STEEL RANGE MFG. CO.
The Malleable Steel Range Manufacturing
Company, was organized and incorporated in
1899 with a large capital. The officers are:
Irving A. Sibley, president; Harry A. Engman,
Jr., vice-president; William L. Kizer, secretary,
and Jacob Woclverton, treasurer. As its title
implies, the company manufactures a complete
line of malleable steel ranges in all sizes and
styles, called ''The Malleable." These ranges
are made of thoroughly annealed malleable iron

394

SOUTH BEND

and cold-rolled stretched steel literally welded
into air tight construction They are hand-
somely nickelled and aluminized, and are mosl
symmetrical in appearance, and have construc-
tive features over all other ranges on the
market. This company not only manufactures
a full line of family ranges, but also a complete
list of combination coal and gas ranges, hotel
ranges, steam tables, laundry stoves, boilers
and kitchen outfits, thus enabling them to equip
kitchens both of families of all sizes, and of the
largest public institutions, hotels and restau-
rants. They advertise extensively not only
with the exhibit system, but in numerous other
ways, and issue a particularly handsome cook
book, which is very popular with housewives.
The plant of the company is located on Tutt
street, running through to the Lake Shore rail-
road, and is large and modern, the annual out-
put being between 5,000 and 10,000 ranges, these
being sold in all parts of the United States and
growing in popularity.

MATHEWS STEAM BOILER WORKS CO.

One of the present large enterprises of this
city is the Mathews Steam Boiler Works Com-
pany, whose plant is located on the line of the
Indiana, Illinois & Iowa Railroad at Division
street. This enterprise was established in ;t
very small way in 1872 by Jonathan Mathews,
and now it is one of the largest of its kind
in the State. Mr. Mathews is treasurer of the
company, and is the father of Robert A. Math-
ews, president, and Fred Mathews, secretary
of the company. In IS92 the plant burned
down, and Mr. Mathews removed to Harvey,
111., where he engaged in the same line, and
where he was Mayor of the city of Harvey. In
1897 he returned here and started in business
again, and in 1900 the present company was in-
corporated. The plant is a large and complete-
ly equipped one and here are manufactured
stand pipes and water works towers, marine,
locomotive and stationary boilers, tanks, hear-
ers, coolers, and all kinds of sheet iron work.
The company is also the exclusive manufac-
turer of the celebrated South Bend heaters.
The company does a very large and prosperous
business and is identified with the best inter-
ests of our city.

MISHLER. PENROU & ABBOTT COMPANY.
One of the largest and most extensive corpor-
ations engaged in the hard wood lumber trade
here is that of the Mishler, Penrod & Abbott
Company, whose yards and mills are located at
1715 South Michigan street. This business was

established as the firm of Shaffer & Mishler in
1897, and in December 1898 the present corpo-
ration was organized, the officers being: Wil-
liam C. Mishler, president; J. N. Penrod, vice-
president; P. P. Abbott, treasurer, and Charles
O. Bechtel, secretary. Mr. Mishler is the direct-
ing head of the extensive business. Mr. Pen-
rod resides in Kansas City, and Mr. Abbott is
also connected with Abbott Lumber Co., of Chi-
cago. Mr. Bechtel is located in this city. The
company manufactures and exports hardwood
lumber of all kinds and its trade extends
throughout the United States and Europe.

THE SOUTH BEND SPARK ARRESTER CO.

For more than ten years this company has
been engaged in the manufacture of a perfect
spark arrester designed for portable and trac-
tion engines, saw and planing mills, cotton gins,
threshing machines, etc. These spark arrest-
ers were invented and patented by Mr. A. M.
Harris, the treasurer and general manager of
the company, and their excellence and utility
has been so pronounced, that in many sections
of the United States, Farmers' Insurance Com-
panies require their use in order to secure in-
surance. The factory of the company is at 501
and 506 East Sample street and the officers are;
W. H. Kingsley, president and secretary; J. A.
Harris, first vice-president; C. V. Kingsley,
second vice-president, and A. M. Harris, treas-
urer and general manager. These gentlemen
are widely known as business men of high
standing and integrity.

MARTIN & PAGE.

The well known firm of Martin & Page, whose
lumber yards, sheds and planing mill is located
at No. 1717 South Michigan street, has achieved
a high reputation in South Bend for the excel-
lence of its products. The firm deals extensive-
ly in lumber, hard woods, sash, doors, blinds,
shingles, lath, etc., and in addition operates a
large planing mill where is manufactured
mouldings and every variety of interior finish
for all kinds of buildings. The firm is the suc-
cessor of Cook & Adsit, established in 1872. and
passed into the present hands in 1899. The
members of the firm are Judson B. Martin and
Rollo G. Page, both of whom are sterling busi-
ness men and progressive manufacturers and
merchants. Mr. Martin resides at Elkhart,
where he is a member of the lumber firm of
Martin & Amidon, and the business in this city
is under the management of Mr. Page, who
gives his personal attention to the management
of every detail of it.

SOUTH BEND.

395

THE CRESCENT FUEL & FEED COMPANY.
Among the large business interests of Soutn
Bend is that of the Crescent Fuel & Feed
Company, whose plant is located at No. tiOO
East Sample street. This business was es-
tablished in 1897 by Charles D. and William

C. Hildebrand, under the style of Hildebrand
& Co. On September 1, 1900, the piesent
company was organized and incorporated un-
der state laws with a capital of $10,000.00.
The officers of the company are: Charles

D. Hildebrand. president; vVilliam C. Hilde-
brand, secretary. The plant of me company
is a large one and the equipment is such thai
all orde.s for coal, wood, nay, straw, teed, oi
grain is promptly and satisfactorily niled.

VANDERHOOF & CO.
For moie than twenty years the firm of Van-
derhoof & Co., has been engaged in the manu-
facture of valuable remedies whose value have
been tested throughout the United States and
Europe. The laboratory and manufactory are
located at No. 219^ North Lafayette street, and
are under the management of Mr. G. H. Sum-
mers, who is the proprietor of the important
enterprise. Vanderhoor & Co., are tne discov-
erers and manufacturers of the famous "Opaline
Suppositories," "Vanderhoof's 'ionic Vitalizer, '
"Vanderhoof's Antiseptic Powder" and a score
of efficacious remedies for diseases peculiar to
women, which have received the endorsement
of the medical practitioners of the new and old
world. The consulting department is under the
supervision of Dr. Charles Ringle, the well
known specialist on diseases of women, and the
laboratory is under the direction of Prof. I. V.
S. Stanislaus, Professor of Pharmacy at Notre
Dame. Branch offices are established at Vien-
na, Hamburg, London, Paris, City of Mexico,
throughout Canada, Sydney, New South Wales,
Auckland, New Zealand. South Africa, Yok-
ohama, Japan, and other agencies in every city
in the United States. All the leading sanitar-
iums and all progressive members of the medi-
cal profession endorse the value of these pre-
parations and prescribe them in practice, nota-
bly the well known Bergman's Sanitarium at
Grand Falls, Texas, and others. The business
is a most extensive one and the advertising is
done in the name of Mrs. Summers, and in-
volves many thousands of dollars annually, and
requires an enormous correspondence.

street and Colfax avenue are deserving of spec-
ial mention. This firm was established in 1S95,
although Mr. Freyermuth was a prominent con-
tractor and builder for several years previous.
The firm is composed of George W. Freyermuth
and R. V. Maurer, both of whom are well versed
in every important detail of the profession.
The firm recently entered into a competition
with the architects of the city in submitting
designs for the new City Hall and County Asy-
lum building, and in both cases their designs
were accepted, and they will be in charge of the
erection of them, each to cost $75,000.00. They
have also erected the building occupied by Hose
Company No. 6, and have designed a number of
handsome residences, among which are those
of Frank P. Nicely. Henry Foster and John
Hollister, and the school house which they de-
signed for Mishawaka is a marvel of beauty.
The firm is equipped to do the highest class of
work and the most artistic in the architectural
line, and their present high standing is the re-
sult of their excellent suggestions and designs
and their careful manner of conducting their
business.

A. CIRALSK*.
Mr. A. Ciralsky, is a type of a self made
business man, who by his own unaided effort
has won for himself a high and deserved place

FREYERMUTH & MAURER.
Prominent among the leading architects of
this city, the firm of Freyermuth & Maurer,
whose offices are at the corner of Michigan

CIRALSKY BUILDINCi.

in the commercial world. Mr. Ciralsky was
born in Poland October 4, 1S59, and is a son
of Max Ciralsky and Sarah (Ciralsky) Ciral-
sky. He was educated in the schools of his
native land and when he was twenty years of
age came to America and direct to South
Bend. He began his business career by ped-
dling dry goods, which he continued two
years making only an honest living. In 18S2,

391)

SOUTH BEND

with a capital of less than $100. uO he staited
in the smallest way in an old barn, the busi-
ness which is today the largest of me kind
in Northern Indiana. Mr. CiralsKy does an
exclusively wholesale business in scrap iron,
rags, rubber and all kinds of metals, and ships
in ear load lots to all parts of the United
States. From the start his business g ew
rapidly and in 1900 he erected his handsome
two story and basement building at Nos. 114-
120 West Division street on the Grand Trunk
Railway. This building is one of the best
modern commercial buildings in the city, with
handsomely fitted offices, elevators, etc., and
specially equipped for the business. In addi-
tion are yards, and Mr. Chalsky also has im-
mense yards on South Lafayette street, that
have tracks from the Vanaalia railroad, and
the Indiana, Illinois & Iowa railway, running
into them, giving the most complete shipping
facilities. Mr. Ciralsky handles thousands of
tons of scraps each year ana his business is
constantly inci easing. He is a careful busi-
ness man of honor and high standing. He
was married in 1876 to Miss Jennie wlbert, a
most estimable lady and resides at No. 402
South Main street.

OTTO J. KLAEK.

Mr. Otto J. Klaer, the popular east side
druggist, whose nicely appointed store is lo-
cated at the corner of fta'.er and Emerick

streets, is a native of St. Joseph County, and
was born in Mishawaka, July 2, 1866. His
father was Adam Klaer and his mother, Mary
(Kline) Klaer. Young Klaer was educated
in private schools in his native city, and when
he had finished his education he began clerk-
ing in a drug store in Mishawaka. When he
was twenty-two years of age he went to Chica-
go where he clerked in a drug store and in
1890 he came to South Bend, where he was

four years engaged in the drug store of Otto
Bastian. In 1895 he opened his p.esent store,
where he has built up a large trade. His
store is nicely fitted and he carries a complete
line of fancy and staple drugs, fancy goods,
druggists' sundries, perfumes, toilet articles,
cigars, etc. His store is also Postal Station
No. 1, of the general Post Office. Mr. Klaer
is an expert pharmacist and makes a specialty
of compounding physicians' prescriptions and
family formulas. He is popular in business
and highly esteemed.

PARKER & AUSTIN.

In 1892 the hrm of Parker & Austin, archi-
tects, was established in this city and today
these gentlemen occupy a leading position in
the community as architects and artists of
the highest oider. The offices and studio of
the firm are located in the Kiser & Woolver-
ton building, which they designed. Their

clients embrace the leading citizens of South
Bend and vicinity. They have designed the
buildings for the Indiana and Commercial
Athletic Clubs, St. James church, the County
Jail, and the Elder and Lafayette school
buildings. They also superintended the con-
struction of the residences of J. D. Oliver, the
Public Library and the Post Office buildings,
and have designed the new building for the
St. Joseph County Savings Bank, the Ep-
worth Hospital and Training School and the
new manufactory of the Singer Manufacturing
Company. In office buildings they are rep-
resented by the Kizer & Woolverton, the
Ho'jbs and the Inwood buildings, all of
which are beautiful in design. in the designs
for private lesidences and interior furnishings
and decorations this firm has no superior in
the west and they have achieved a justly
earned popularity. Prominent among these
are the residences of Mr. J. B. Birdsell, Hon.
A. L. Brick, and Mr. E. Louis Kuhns.

Note — As this wo:k goes to press the an-
nouncement is made of the dissolution of the
above firm, Mr. Wilson B. Parker continuing
the practice. Mr. Austin having accepted a
government position.

SOUTH BEND ELECTRIC COMPANY.

The South Bend Electric Company has been
in successful operation for twenty years and is
one of the most important contributors to the
progress and development of the city and the
convenience of her citizens, both in commercial
and private life. The company was first organ-
ized and incorporated in 1882 with a capital of

SOUTH BEND.

397

$18,000.00. Its capacity was a ten light arc
machine, and its primitive works were located
on the west race at the toot of Washington-
street, run by water power. The officers of the
original corporation were Charles A. Chapiu,
founder of the enterprise, president, and Mr.
James Du Shane, secretary. From time to time
the facilities and service of the company were
enlarged and increased and in 1896 the capital
stock was increased to $150,000.00. The officers
at that time were: Charles A. Chapin, presi-
dent; James Du Shane, secretary and manager,
and Andrew Anderson, treasurer. The plant of
the company was removed to the corner of East
Colfax avenue and Bridge street, was largely
increased in capacity, and was changed to steam
power. The company has at present about 100
miles of wires, and supplies zO.OOO incandescent
lights and 400 arc lamps to the streets, manu-
factories, business houses, stores and dwellings
throughout the city. In addition to this the
company furnishes about 900 horse power of
electrical energy for manufacturing purposes,
and furnishes power to such industries as the
Folding Paper Box Company, the South Bend
Malleable Steel Range Company, the South
Bend Malleable Iron Company, the Miller-Kno-
block Electric Mfg. Co., the Studebakers, the
Collmer Bicycle Works and other industrial en-
terprises. The company has in contemplation
the extension of its plant to a material degree
and the substitution of water power from steam.
The offices of the company are located at No.
131 North Main street, and the present officers
are: Charles A. Chapin, president: William J.
Hunker, secretary and manager, and Marshall
P. Chapin, treasurer. The officers are well
known in South Bend as progressive business
men. Mr. Charles A. Chapin, resides in Chi-
cago, and Marshall P. Chapin. in this city. Mr.
William J. Hunker, the secretary and manager
of the company also acts as assistant treasurer
and manages the financial department of the
business. He was appointed to the office in
November 1899, an3 since his accession many
improvements have been inaugurated and car-
ried to successful completion. Mr. Hunker came
to this city from Pittsburg, where he had been
engaged in the electric business for a number
of years.

JOHN CHESS ELLSWORTH.

The leading and most extensive and up to
date dry goods establishment in South Bend
is that of John Chess Ellsworth whose hand-
some and commodious store is located at Nos.
113-115 North Michigan street. Mr. Ells-
worth is a native of South Bend and was born
December 20, 1875. His father, Mr. Fred D.

Ellsworth, who was an esteemed citizen and
successful merchant, died April 29, 1897. Mr.
Ellswoith received his early education in the
public schools of South Bend after wnich he
graduated from Phillips Academy at Exeter,
N. H., one of the leading educational institu-
tions in the east. Mr. Ellsworth's father, in
connection with Mr. G. E. Rose, established
the present business in 1882, under the firm
name of Rose & Ellsworth, and afterward was
its sole owner and proprietor. This estab-
lishment has always enjoyed the distinction of
being the leading business house in its line in

THE POPULAR STORE.

the city, and its extensive and varied stock
of dry goods, tapestries, carpets, cloaks and
millinery goods is of the finest quality and
the latest designs. Since the decease of nis
father Mr. Ellsworth has managed this large
establishment with marked business ability
and has fully maintained its high standing
and popularity ;n the business and social com-
munity. He is a master of every detail or
his large business and gives his personal at-
tention to the proper management of each of
its various departments. Mr. Ellsworth is

398

SOUTH BEND.

an ideal merchant and a worthy successor of
his honored father. He is unmarried and is
popular in the best social ci.cles of the city,
and is a member of the Indiana Club, the
Country Club and the Commercial Athletic
Club, and a member of the Masonic fraternity.
He resides at No. 310 West Washington
street.

STUDEBAKER & JONES.

The well known firm of funeral directors,
Studebaker & Jones, was established in Novem-
ber 1S99, and is the successor of D. E. Hunt-

same degree of excellence prevails, while their
hearses and general paraphernalia are the finest
and most imposing that can be obtained.
Every courtesy, care and attention is bestowed
upon the fulfillment of all duties devolving
upon them, and both members of the firm give
their personal attention to the proper conduct
of all funerals entrusted to them. As an em-
balmer, the junior member of the firm has no
superior and all their methods are based upon
the most scientific formulas. They are both
gentlemen of refinement and their present
prominence in the profession has been justly
earned and maintained.

STUDEBABER & JONES BUILDING.

singer, who for years conducted the business.
The present offices, reception and warerooms
are located at 307 West Jefferson street, and the
firm has a large clientage among the most in-
fluential and prominent families of South Bend.
At this extensive establishment is to be found
every modern appliance and furnishing known
to the profession, and the selection of caskets,
always available, is of the handsomest and
latest design. In every detail, including an ex-
tensive stock of robes and burial garments the

THE HAGER MEDICAL COMPANY.

One of the large and successful enterprises of
this city, and one that is representative of the
best in the manufacture of proprietary medi-
cines, is that of the Hager Medical Company,
This widely known enterprise was organized
by Mr. George L. Hager, in 1890, and since that
time has grown to proportions that evidences
the value of its preparations and the confidence
the public has in them. The office and labora-

SOUTH BEND

309

tory of the company is located at the corner
of Lafayette and Washington streets and is
most complete in every detail. The prepara-
tion of medicines is under the personal direc-

tions of an expert chemist who follows closely
the formulas laid down by the eminent physi-
cians who were tne discoverers of these valu-
able remedies. Among the products of the com-
pany are "Oak Balm," a sovereign remedy for
diseases peculiar to women, and one that has
become a household remedy in many of the first
homes of the land. Another is a "Blood and
Nerve Restorative" that is unexcelled in cura-
tive properties. These preparations are exten-
sively used throughout the United States and
Europe and are growing in popularity each
year. The company has agencies in all the
cities of the United States, Canada and Mexico,
and Melbourne, Australia. Mr. George L. Hag-
er. the proprietor of the enterprise, is a strict
but progressive business man of the highest
type, who has advanced his business from a
small beginning to its present proportions. He
is widely known in this section, and has won
business success through methods of integrity
and fully deserving it.

LONTZ BROS.
The well known firm of Lontz Bros., deal-
ers in building material, coal, wood, etc., No.
602 South Michigan street, is a representa-
tive one in this branch of business here. The
business was established many years ago by
Mr. William Inwood, who, in 1877, sold it to

Messrs. William H. Lontz and Charles S.
Lontz, who have since conducted it under the
present style. The premises occupied are
large and comprise office, yards and two ware-
houses. The firm does a wholesale and re-
tail business handling all kinds ot building
material, lime, cement, hair, stucco, hard anl
and soft coal, coke, lath, gram. hay. feed,
straw, etc. A general storage warehouse
business is also done. The traue is local and
large. The gentlemen at the head of the en-
terprise are widely known as enterprising
business men of the highest standing and in-
tegrity.

CHARLES E. ESSELSTYNE.

Mr. Charles E. Esselstyne,
whose artistic ideas in the
art preservative are one of
the features of this publica-
tion, was born at Elmira,
N. Y., September 3, 1865.
Mr. Esselstyne enjoyed the
advantages of a careful edu-
cation and training, and in
1880 started to learn the
printing trade in a small
state. Mr. Esselstyne is, in
every essential detail, a careful, expert and artistic
printer, aud has been employed in many of the
largest job offices in the leading cities, where
skill, taste and an expert knowledge of the art of
ails is demanded. In 1884, when but 18 years of
aged, he edited and directed the Ionia National,
at Ionia, Mich., during the Blaine campaign, and
lias edited and managed papers during each suc-
cessive national campaign, and his work in this
line has recieved high recommendation. For two
years he traveled with the library car "Royal,"
for ('has. Scribuer's Sons, which made a tour of
the country. Prior to coming to South Bend, in
1000, he was advertising manager of the Port
Huron Republican at Port Huron, Mich. Among
the offices in which Mr. Esselstyne has had charge
uf art printing are the American Florist, Chicago;
Jno. F. Eby & Co., Detroit, and the composing
rooms of the Gazette, Kalamazoo, Mich.: Adver-
tiser, Portage City, Wis., and the Daily Times, at
Grand Rapids, Mich.

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ST. JOSEPH CATHOLIC CHURCH.

MISHAWAKA.

MISHAWAKA, like other thriving cities
located along the banks of the beautiful St.
Joseph river, was once the abiding place of
the Red Man. Here the noble aborigine hunted
the forests, fished in the streams, and traded his
furs and peltries with the adventurous white
man who penetrated into his domain. Today
it is a bustling thriving city, with a population
of nearly 7,000 inhabitants; with manufactur-
ing industries of mammoth dimensions, with
commercial interests of great value, and with
all the modern environments of progress, cul-
ture and material advancement.

ITS LOCATION.

The city is in Penn Township, St. Joseph
County, and is located on both siues 01 the St.
Joseph river, and about eighty miles from its
mouth. It is ninety miles East of Chicago,
one hundred and fifty-seven miles west of
Toledo, and is in the direct line of commercial
communication between the East and the great
north west. It is also only four miles East
of South Bend, and vies with its sister city
in the energy of its people, the extent of its
industries, and in the possession of a natural
water power unexcelled by any section of the
country, and inexhaustiDle in its resources.

Whatever rivalry there may have existed
between Mishawaka and its neighboring sister
South Bend, in the early days of its history,
has long since become a thing of the past, and
today the manufacturers, the merchants and
the citizens of both cities are linked together
by the indissoluble ties of mutual interest and
enduring brotherhood.

The name of Mishawaka was given to this
locality by the Pottowatomte Indians, who
roamed the entire country, watered by the St.
Joseph river. Translated into the more
prosaic English the name signifies "Swift
Water," or, more correctly speaking, accord-

ing to the interpretation of Alexis Coquillard,
"Thick Woods Rapids,' from the heavily
timbered lands along this beautiful and swift
flowing stream.

Settlements and villages of the Pottowato-
mie Indians were scattered over this entire
section of the country, all of them well popu-
lated, and among the largest of these villages
was Mishawaka.

EARLY SETTLEMENTS.

The march of civilization, however, was
pressing westward, and in 1829 the Indians

RESIDENCE OF MBS. WALLACE H. DODGE.

ceded their lands, in this section of the state
of Indiana, to the United States Government,
and the present city of Mishawaka was at
first designated as a school section by the
United States Commissioners.

A few adventurous emigrants had, however,
ventured into the land of the Pottowatomies

402

MISHAWAKA.

before the ceding of their lands, and Nathan
Young, Baldwin Jenkins and Uzzia Putnam,
came into this vicinity as early as 1826, and
began clearing the land for their future homes.

Prior to 1829 the entire track ot land north
of the Wabash river was piratically unex-
plored. The only means of passage through
the hills and valleys, over the rivers and
across the prairies were the well worn trails
of the Indians which had been iollowed for
centuries, and which were as well known to
the Indians as are the great lines of trunk
railways to the white travelers of the present
day.

In 1S31 the first direct route from Logansport
to South Bend, was made passable ior emi-
grants, and during that year, also, the state
established a road from Fort Wayne to South
Bend. Later the Government opened a ter-
ritorial road from Detroit to Chicago, and tne

WATER WORKS.

\ istula road from Toledo to Chicago. All
entries of land in this vicinity were made at
Fort Wayne, where the commissioners were
located at that time, but the office was after-
ward removed to Laporte.

PRIMITIVE FACILITIES.

Up to the year 1830 the only mail facilities
enjoyed by the traders and settlers in this
locality, was a monthly express from Fort
Wayne to Chicago which was carried on
ponies, where the roads were passable, and on
the backs of men through the streams and
thickly wooded country. During that year,
however, a weekly mail was established which
continued for many years.

In those early days the pioneers were
obliged to pound their own corn, the only grist
mills in this section of the country being a

small mill at Elkhart and another, equally
diminutive, at Niles, Mich. The fertility and
beauty of the surrounding country, however,
attracted the eye of the emigrant into these
regions, and soon great clearings were made,
and the sturdy and persistent labor of these
pioneer settlers began to tell upon the land,
and fruitful farms succeeded the wilderness of
the forest.

The first attempt to establish a manufactur-
ing industry, in this section, was made by
Joseph Pemberton who constructed a dam
across Springbrook and erected a mill, where,
in a primitive manner, he manufactured bed
posts and chairs and other articles for house-
hold use, but it did not have an extended ex-
istence.

THE FOUNDATION OF THE CITY.

The city of Mishawaka owes its inception to
Divine Providence and the genius, energy and
progressive spirit of Alanson M. Hura, who
was formerly of New York, but who. in 1832,
was engaged in the iron business in Detroit,
Mich. At that time vast deposits of what was
called bog iron ore had been discovered in
this vicinity, and it was claimed that this ore
was exceedingly valuable for manufacturing
purposes.

The value of this ore, and the extent of the
product, was duly submitteu to Mr. Hurd. by
those who had made the important discovery,
and in 1832 he selected William L. Earl, a man
of wide information and daring spirit, to in-
vestigate the subject, and to thoroughly ex-
amine into the nature and extent of the iron
ore deposits in this section of the country-
After due examination Mr. Earl found that
all the claims that had been made by the dis-
coveries of this ore were well grounded, that
iron ore in great abundance existed here, and
his favorable report upon the subject induced
Mr. Hurd to embark in a manufacturing en-
terprise which was destined to eventuate in
the organization of one of the most successful
and progressive cities in Northern Indiana.

THE IRON WORKS.

Accepting this favorable verdict of tne pos-
sible iron product of this region, Mr. Hurd and
a friend. Elias Smith, came iiere and. after full
consideration of the subject, they purchased
the ore and the water power necessary to run
a blast furnace which they proposed to erect,
entire section of land, upon which the original
town of Mishawaka stands, from the Govern-
ment Commissioners Messrs. Edwards and
Studybaker. They regarded it as an ideal

MISHAWAKA

403

site for a manufacturing town, and time and
profitable experience have fully justified their
predictions.

In the spring of 1833 Mr. Earl with a large
force of men, was dispatched from Detroit,

On January 1, 1833, Mr. Hurd purchased the
and materials were shipped from that city to
St. Joseph and thence up the river, which was
then navigable, on keel boats to their destined
location. The first building erected was a

tavern for the entertainment of travelers, and
a Mr. Yerrington, also connected with the
works, erected a fine residence, for those days,
on what is now the Main street.

TOWN ORGANIZATION.

During the summer of 1833 the town of the
'"St. Joseph Iron Works," for by that name
Mishawaka was first known, was laid out, the
original title being in the name of that enter-

RESIDENCE OF MR. ADOLPH KAMM.

large frame structure, which at first served
as an abode for the workmen, and afterward
was converted into an extensive general store
conducted by A. H. Hurd & Co.

Before the close of the year the blast fur-
nace had been fully constructed, and a num-
ber of other buildings had been erected for the
accommodation of a population of about one
hundred people, chiefly the men employed at
the Iron Works. Mr. Earl erected a large

prise. In 1S34, however, when increased pos-
tal facilities became a necessity, and the Gov-
ernment was petitioned to establish a post
office at this point, the old Indian name of
Mishawaka was selected for the city, and this
has been retained to the present day.

On January 1, 1835, an election was held and
James White, John J. Deming, Samuel Stan-
cliff, Henry De Camp and Alexander Sandi-
lands were elected village trustees. This was

404

MISHAWAKA

the first village organization in St. Joseph
County. During this same year William Bar-
bee, who had formerly resitted in Ohio, came
here, and purchased a tract of land on the
east side of the village. He laid out an am-
bitious young town, which was named after
him.

Another addition to the village was made
on the west side known as Taylor's addition,
and in lS3ti another new town called Indiana
City was laid out on the north side of the river,
opposite the Iron Works, by Joseph Battelll.
James R. Lawrence and Grove Lawrence. In
1S39 The St. Joseph Iron Works with its two
additions, and Indiana City were incorporated
into one town and called Mishawaka.

EARLY RESIDENTS.

Among the earliest settlers in this city were
Philo Hurd, Orlando Hurd. Alexander Sandi-
land, James White, who were all sturdy and
energetic Scotchman. Dr. John Inniau, who
was the first physician to locate here. Levi
Dean, James Edington, I. Simpson. T. Edwards,
R. Kirkwood, S. Goodrich and I. Carpenter.

At the close of the year 1S33 Mishawaka
boasted of an extensive blast furnace, a gen-
eral store, a tavern, and a population of about
one hundred. The race had been excavated
and all arrangements had been made for com-
mencing active operations at the furnace at
the commencement of the tollowing year. The
furnace was started in 1834 and began the man-
ufacture of stoves, kettles, plows, mill gear-
ings and pig iron. It was successful from
the outset, orders coming in lapidly from all
over the adjacent country, and from points at
a distance.

SUBSTANTIAL IMPROVEMENTS.

During the year 1S34 Elias Smith erected a
saw mill at this point, which was afterward
known as the Delano Mill, and a number of
additional dwellings w-ere built. The Mish-
awaka hotel w-as erected by Orlando Hurd at
the corner of Main and Second streets, the
site being now occupied by the Milburn
House. This hostelry had the justly earned
reputation of being the best conducted hotel
between Detroit and Chicago.

The desire of securing educational facilities
for the youth ot the city manifested itself at
an early date, and a primitive school house
was constructed in 1834, which was afterward
replaced by a more modern and commodious
structure in ISIS.

It may be interesting to note that the first
resident clergyman in Mishawaka was Rev. N.

M. Wells, oi the Presbyterian faith, who or-
ganized the first church in the city, and was
its pastor for two years. The first mill-
wright was D. S. Brooks; the first iron founder,
and foreman of the works, was Benjamin Lucas:
the first shoemaker was Joseph Skerritt, and
the first Justice of the Peace was Dr. Fowler.

Among others who came to Mishawaka dur-
ing this year were John H. Orr. W. H. Wells,
J J. Deming. Elliot Hurd, John Sims, Frank
Sims, B. Bancroft "and A. Wolcott. The first
child born in Mishawaka was the daughter of
Mr. and Mrs. Yerrington, which ne named
Indiana in nonor of the state, and the first
wedding was that of Hiram Rush to Miss
In wood.

THE IRON WORKS INCORPORATED.

Up to December 1, 1834, Mr. Alanson H.
Hurd. was the sole proprietor oi the Iron
\\ oiks, and was the owner of the entire prop-
erty on which the town was located. The St.
Joseph Iron Company wras incorporated at that
time by A. H. Hurd, J. H. Urr, J. J. Deming
and J. E. Hollister, and the imposing title of
the corporation was at nrst "The President.
Directors and Company oi the St. Josepn
Iron Works," but this was regarded as too
long and cumbersome for general uses, and
was afterward amended to "The St. Joseph
Iron Company."

Others who afterward became interested in
the Iron Works were Rev. Dr. N. M. Wells.
Israel Titus, John Niles and Skidmore E. Lef-
ferts. Under their administration large ad-
ditions to the plant were maue, and the out-
put materially increased.

The company continued to operate its blast
furnace until 1856 when the supply of ore
failed, and it was obligeu to discontinue the
use of the bog ore which had been the incep-
tion of the enterprise. After this a foundry
was erected, with other necessary machinery
and a well equipped iron works was established
which was of material benefit to the town.
Plows, cultivators and general machinery were
manufactured at these works, and the capital
stock of the company was placed at $200,000.
Among those who later became interested in
the company were Albert Hudson and J. H.
Whitson. In 1868 the name was changed to
the St. Joseph Manufacturing Company.

FIRST POST OFFICE.

The first post office was established in Mish-
awaka in 1S34 and the first post master, ap-
pointed by the government, w:as Mr. Yerring-
ton. Only a weekly mail was received at
first, but owing to the success of the Iron

MISHAWAKA.

405

Works, the office conducted a business much
greater than many of the cities and towns
which had far more people, and was more pre-
tentious in every respect.

CONSTRUCTION OF THE DAM.

During the year 1835 numerous additions

were made to the city, and many new buildings

erected including a flouring mill and general

store established by Asa Taylor. The greatest

but was successfully completed. This was
later improved by the splendid new dam at
this point. At the close of the year 1S37 the
population of Mishawaka was 1,0U0.

In 1S34 a ferry was established across the
river opposite the city, but this soon proved
inadequate for the needs of the growing vil-
lage and its people, and in 1837 the fiist bridge
was erected across the river. The bridge was

accomplishment of the year, however, was the
beginning oi the construction of the dam
across the river, which was not comnleted
until 1837. The dam was nve hundred and
seventy-seven feet long and one hundred and
fifty feet wide, and'was constructed at a cost
of $38,000. Twice during the piocess of con-
struction, it was carried away by freshets,

RESIDENCE OF NICHOLAS SCHELLINGER.

erected by a Mr. Carr at a cost of $2,499, and
the funds necessary ior this purpose were
raised by popular subscription. In 1846 this
stiucture was replaced Dy another bridge
more durable and imposing.

In 1837 a saw mill and forge was erected
here and the first bar of iron was hammered
out during this year.

406

MISHAWAKA.

The financial panic of 1837-38 was most
seriously felt by the people of Mishawaka.
This was the era of the famous "Wild Cat"
currency, issued by irresponsible banks and
individuals and with which the entire western
country was flooded.

In 1S41 a large distillery was erected by the
Lee Brothers, but it was destroyed by fire
a year afterward and never rebuilt.

THE FIRE OF 1872.

In 1S72 a great fire occurred in this city which
at one time threatened to destroy the entire
town. Before the firemen succeeded in exting-
uishing the flames thirty-two houses in the bus-
iness portion of the town had been destroyed,
and a number of otheis seriously damaged. The
loss by this disastrous conflagration was esti-
mated at over $100,000. But the energetic spirit
of her people rose superior to disaster, and
immediate steps were taken to rebuild the city
in a far more substantial and enduring manner.
In a very short time splendid brick buildings
and stores were erected upon the ruins of the
old frame structures, and Mishawaka started
anew upon her march of pi ogress and commer-
cial advancement.

About this time the great Milburn Wagon
Works were removed to Toledo, Ohio, and this
for a time proved a serious blow to the city. It
soon rallied from this, however, and other en-
terprises were established, which partially
overcome the loss occasioned by this removal.
From that time forward the progress of the city
has been steadily onward. It has overcome all
difficulties and surmounted every obstacle and
to day is one of the most substantially success-
ful among the cities of the State.

EDUCATIONAL.

In the year 1843 the first school established
in Mishawaka was taught by a Miss Sheldon in
a private residence which stood where the
Ostrander Studio is now located, and in the win-
ters of 1837 and 1838 Miss Thatcher also taught
school here.

In 1837 Mr. George C. Merrifield, who is still
living, and is an aged and honoied resident of
this city, opened a select school in the Metho-
dist Episcopal church, which was then located
on Main street. He taught advanced classes
in the ordinary branches of study, and in alge-
bra, geometry, natural philosophy and latin.

THE FIRST SCHOOL HOUSE.

The first regular school house, a low frame
building of one room, was erected on the south
west corner of Union and Fourth streets. The

school was opened by George C. Merrifield in
1839, and for several years was in charge of
that primitive institution. His successor was
Mr. Bearup. who remained in charge of the
school until it was finally closed in the early
pait of 1846.

In 1844 Mr. John Butts came to Mishawaka
and opened a school in the Lard Oil Factory,
which was located on the lot now owned by M.
W. Mix. He was a most excellent and thor-
oughly equipped teacher, and his school was
known as the "Lard Oil Institute."

At this time the rapid and substantial growth
of the town demanded increased iacilities and
better educational privileges. In obedience to
this demand a handsome brick building, two
stories in height, containing four rooms, with
lecitation rooms on both floors, was erected at
the South end of Main street. When it was
formally opened for the reception of scholars,
Mr. Butts was selected as its first principal, and
he was ably assisted by Jacob and Peter Merri-
field and Miss Skinner and Miss Harriet An-
drews. Mr. Butts remained in charge of this
school until 1851.

THE GROWTH OF THE SCHOOLS.

In 1848 George C. Merrifield was made school
inspector, the first office of the kind created in
the County, and he was later succeeded by his
brother Jacob Merrifield.

A school was also opened on the North side
of the river, then known as Indiana City, by Mr.
Boyd, who occupied a brick school house at the
edge of the woods, and near the Grand Trunk
Depot.

A number of smaller schools were conducted
during the succeeding years, with increased
facilities and enlarged studies. Among the
early principals of the Mishawaka Public
schools weie L. D. Willard, E. Sumption, P. C.
Ryel, E. S. Hallock, George L. Harding, Mrs.
C. V. Sherwood.

In 1869 the schools which, until that time,
had bjin under separate supervision, were uni-
ted under one Superintendent and Mr. Sump-
tion was appointed to that office. The system
of graded schools was established by Mr. Hal-
lock, and through his influence and the gener-
osity of the board and the citizens of Misha-
waka a splendidly equipped physical and chem-
ical laboratory and a fine cabinet museum was
procured for the use of the schools. Mr. Hal-
lock was Superintendent until December 21,
1877, when he resigned and was succeeded by
Prof. F. Whipple, an able teacher who held the
office until 1879. He was succeeded by W. H.
Fertich, and Byron J. Bogue the present able

MISHAWAKA.

407

Superintendent of the schools, was made prin-
cipal of the High School. Mr. Bogue has ably
held the office of Superintendent since Septem-
ber 1, 1887.

PRESENT CONDITIONS.

There are at the present time twenty-one
teachers in the public schools of Mishawaka,
eight at the High School, four at the Bingham
school, erected in 1897; one at the Orphans'

president; Tabor Ham, secretary, and Charles
Prank, treasurer.

RELIGIONS.

The first church established in Mishawaka
was the First Presbyterian, which was organ-
ized on July 25, 1834, by Rev. N. M. Wells, who
died in Detroit in 1879. The church was
fomed at the residence of Philo Hurd and the
first members were Elias Smith, Levi Dean,

RESIDENCE OF MR. ,1. A. ROPER.

Home, and eight at the Battell school, a hand-
some eight room building erected in 1900, on
the north side of the river, and costing $20,000.

The present enrollment of scholars in the
public schools of Mishawaka is about S00, of
which 75 are High school pupils. The library
contains 1700 volumes and a fine collection of
pamphlets.

In the parochial schools of the city over 300
pupils are in daily attendance. The present
members of the school board are J. F. Hollister,

Philo Hurd, A. M. Hurd and their wives and
Willis S. Garrison. The first house of worship
was erected 1837, a second one was erected in
1845 and was destroyed by fire in 1872. The
Rev. Henry Little is now the pastor of the pres-
ent flourishing congregation.

METHODIST.

The First Methodist Episcopal Church was
organized in 1835. The first members were Rich-
mond Tuttle, Joseph Skerritt and their wives,

408

M1SHAWAKA.

and Susan Hurd. The first place of woiship
was in an empty store building, also used by
the Presbyterians. A church was erected in
1836, a second building in 1844, and the present
structure was erected in 1872, and is a hand-
some and imposing building. The congregation
is a large and representative one, and is located
at Second and North Mill streets.

BAPTIST.

The Mishawaka Baptist Church was first or-
ganized in 1845, but had only a short existence.
On May 14, 1867, however, the First Baptist
Church was organized by Elders T. P. Camp-
bell and B. P. Russell. The first pastor was
the Rev. M. T. Lanib. Among those who were
early connected with the church weie P. C.
Perkins, J. C. Snyder, John Merriman and A.
J Ames. A house of worship was erected in
1868. The present organization is a successful
one, and the Rev. P. B. Hewett, is its pastor.

ROMAN CATHOLIC.

The organization of St. Joseph's Catholic
Church was practically effected in 1S48, al-
though services had been held under the aus-
pices of the church for several years prior to
that date. A mission house had been erected
on the north side of the river in which religious
services were held. The Very Rev. Father
Sorin, of Notre Dame, and the Revs. W. Zerers,
J. F. Gouesset and W. Masters, were instru-
mental in its organization. Until 1857 the
society had no pastor Rev. John Mayer was ap-
pointed to the charge but he only remained two
years when he went to Chicago. In 1859 Rev.
H. Koenig was appointed to the pastorate of
the church. In 1860 the church was destroyed
by fire, but the united efforts of the priests and
the church, and through the assistance of the
citizens of Mishawaka, a new church was erec-
ted on the South side. In March 1867 the Rev.
A. B. Oechtering, the present esteemed pastor,
entered upon the duties of this charge, and un-
der his progressive and noble administration
the church and parish has grown to its present
dimensions. The church building is one of the
handsomest in the State and there are con-
nected with the church advanced schools, a
number of religious societies, and large addi-
tions to the buildings are in contemplation.

OTHER DENOMINATIONS.

Among the other churches now in successful
existence in Mishawaka are St. Paul's Episco-
pal Church, St. Peter's Lutheran Church, the
Church of Christ and two denomination of the
Evangelical Church.

THE PRESS.

The first newspaper published in Misha-
waka was the "Mishawaka Tocsin" which was
established by Wilber F. Storey in 1841. Mr.
Storey conducted this journal with varying
success until 1845 when he disposed of it to
Mr. George C. Merrifield. Mr. Storey after-
wai d went to Chicago where he founded the
"Times" which became the powerful leader of
the Democratic party in the west for many
years.

The "Mishawaka Bee" was established in
1846 by S. P. Hart but after a precarious ex-
istence of two years it was discontinued.

The "Free Press" was established by D. C.
Ireland, who afterwaid sold the paper to L. A.

M E. CHUllCII.

Elliott. The name was changed to the "En-
terprise," which it has since retained.

The present newspaper publications in Mish-
awaka are the "Mishawaka Enterprise," of
which E. A. Jernegan is the editor; the
"Mishawaka Daily News," published by the
News Publishing Company, and of which W. P.
O'Neil is the editor; the "Mishawaka Demo-
ci at," William P. O'Neil editor and proprietor,
and "Power and Transmission," a mechanical
and scientific journal published by W. O.
Orton.

The "South Bend Tribune" has established
an agency in Mishawaka which is under the

MISHAWAKA.

400

able and energetic management of George A.
Maurer.

MANUFACTURES.

Among the early manufacturing establish-
ments located in Mishawaka the first to attain
any prominence was the St. Joseph Iron Works.
to which the city practically owes its existence.
After years of successful operation this com-
pany is now represented by the St. Joseph Man-
ufacturing Company.

The Perkins Windmill and Axe Company was
first established in 1869 for the manufactu.e of
edge tools, pumps and water tanks, but its
principal business is the construction of the
Perkins Windmills, which was the invention of
P. C. Perkins, and of which the company is the
sole and exclusive manufacturer. The present
officers of the company are M. M. Fisher, presi-

1S7S by Wallace H. Dodge, as a manufactory
of wood hardware specialties, but later the
manufacture of wood split pulleys and power
trnsmission devices became its specialty, and
today it has no successful rival in the world.
The present officers of the company are: Presi-
dent, M. W. Mix; vice president, W. B. Hosford,
and Charles Endlich. secretary-
One of the largest industries in Northern
Indiana is the Mishawaka Woolen Manufactur-
ing Company, which is extensively engaged in
the manufacture of wool and rubber boots. The
company owns its own patents and is inde-
pendent of any trust or commercial or indus-
tiial combination. Over 1,000 hands are em-
ployed in these mammoth works and the pro-
ducts of the mills are sold all over the United
States. The officers of the company are:
M. V. Beiger, president: E. G. Eberhart, vice

CLARK .V WHITSON'S BANK.

dent and superintendent; and R. E. Perkins,
secretary nad treasurer.

The great Milburn Wagon Works was estab-
lished here and was one of the largest vehicle
industries in the country. It was a powerful
factor in the development of this city, and em-
ployed a large number of workmen. These
works were, however, lemoved to Toledo,
Ohio, in 1S73.

The St. Joseph Valley Furniture Company
was also an extensive industry engaged in the
manufacture of furniture on an extensive scale.
After an active existence of several years it
finally closed out, and the Roper Furniture
Company is its logical successor.

The Dodge Manufactuiing Company is one
of the largest industries in the country, and its
products are shipped to every section of the
civilized globe. It was first established in

president; J. C. Eberhart, Jr., secretary; F. G.
Ebeihart, Jr., superintendent; Marvin Camp-
bell, treasurer, and E. A. Saunders, superin-
tendent of the rubber department.

Another of the great industrial enterprises of
Mishawaka is the Roper Furniture Company,
ectablished in 1888, which is extensively en-
gaged in the manufacture of fine dining and
liorary tables, sideboards and chiffoniers. The
officers of this company are: President and
treasurer, James A. Roper; vice-president, H.
C. Roper, and secretary, C. A. Roper.

The Kamm & Schellinger Brewing Company
is another extensive enterprise in this city.
The officers are Adolph Kamm, president;
Laura Kamm, secretary, and Nicholas Schel-
linger. treasurer.

Among the other extensive industrial estab-
lishments of this progressive city are the Rip-

410

MISHAWAKA.

pie Mills, controlled by the Eberhart Milling
Co.; the St. Joseph Flouring Mills, owned by
William N. Schindler; the Western Gas Engine
Company, the Beatty Felting Company, the
Mishawaka Paper and Pulp Company, the
American Steel Tank Company, the South Bend
Wagon Works, the American Malt Cream and
Drug Company and a number of others.

BATTELL PARK.

This beautiful track of land devoted to park
purposes is located on the north bank of the St.
Joseph river, and was donated to the city by

BATTELL SCHOOL.

Mr. Robbins Battell, of Hartford, Conn. Mr.
Batteil was the owner or a large amount 01
ground in the vicinity 01 Mishawaka and who
was deeply interested in the growth and de-
velopment of the city. The beautiful Soldiers
Monument is erected in this park and the
grounds are artistically laid out and pianteu
with shade trees. From this point an ex-
pansive view of the city is obtained. Stand-
ing among the beautiiul oaks and cedars, that
nature has planted on this elevated piane, the
eye is greeted with a view which is both in-
spiring and impressive. Church spires point-
ing heavenwaid dot the landscape; the hum
and bustle of the great manufactories salute
the ear; the river rolls in its picturesque
beauty below, and the great dam sends its vast
volume of water, with a rush and roar to give
vitality and power to the great industries which
have contributed so much to the advancement
of the material progress of the city. Here,
too, a fine view is obtained of the great iron
bridge which spans the river at this point, and
which has superseded the primitive structuies
of the early days. Battell Park is a splendid
and healthful addition to the city, and its
beauties are appreciated by the people.

RAILROAD FACILITIES.

Mishawaka enjoys unusual railroad facilities
and is in direct and immediate communication
between the important cities of the East and
the entire territory of the great North West.
The Chicago & Grand Trunk Railway and the
Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railway, the
two great trunk lines between the East and the
West, run through the city, and the Elkhart &
Western Railway, a local corporation of im-
portance, does a large amount of traffic at this
point.

In addition to these railroad systems Misha-
waka also has an excellent street railway sur-
vice. operated by the Indiana Railway Com-
pany. This splendidly equipped electric rail-
way connects the city with South Bend, Elk-
hart, Goshen and intermediate points, and runs
thiough the principal street of the city.

FINANCIAL.

Mishawaka has two excellently managed and
responsible banking institutions, which trans-
act the large amount of business required in
this bustling city.

The banking house of Clark & Whitson was
established in 1866 by William M. Clark and
J. H. Whitson, and has been in succesful opera-
tion since that time. On the death of Mr.
Whitson, which occurred some years ago, Mr.
Clark assumed full management of the institu-
tion, and has achieved a justly earned success.
He is ably assisted by his two sons, M. M. Clark
and Edwin L Claik. The bank does a large

BINGHAM SCHOOL.

safety deposit business and has as its reserve
agents the Merchants Exchange National Bank,
of New York, the Merchants National Bank of
Chicago, and the American Trust and Savings
Bank, also of Chicago.

The First National Bank of Mishawaka al-
though of recent organization is a strong and

MISHAWAKA

411

reliable financial institution. It has a capital
of $50,000 and its officers are M. V. Beiger,
president; James A. Roper, vice-president, and
William L. Kimball, cashier.

FRATERNAL ORGANIZATIONS.

A number of well organized fraternal institu-
tions are located in Mishawaka, and are in suc-
cessful operation.

The first Masonic lodge was organized May
26, 1852, with the following officers: R. S. Al-
den, worshipful master; D. H. Smith, senior
warden; J. Hohidge, junior warden; J. E. Hol-
lister, treasurer; T. S. Cowles, secretary; A.
C. Poote, senior deacon; William Wood, junior
deacon, and A. L. Brinsmaid, tyler.

There are at present in existence a Masonic
lodge, Council, Chapter, and a Chapter of the
Order of the Eastern Star. There are also a
lodge and encampment of the Independent
Order of Odd Fellows, and a lodge of the
Daughters of Rebecca, all in excellent condition
and with a large and increasing membership.

The other fraternal orders are the Woodmen
of the World, the Knights of Pythias, the Mac-
cabees, the Modern Woodmen of America, the
Independent Order of Red Men, and the Modern
Samaritans.

Houghton Post No. 128 Grand Army of the
Republic is also located here and its member-
ship is composed of those honored residents of
the city, who during the troublous times of the
war of the rebellion volunteered their services
in behalf of their countiy, and valiantly fought
the battles for the Union.

THE CITY OF MISHAWAKA.

The city of Mishawaka was incorporated in
1899, and the ancient town assumed the digni-
ties ad responsibilities of a municipality. An
election for city officials was held on May 2,
1899, and the new government was formally
installed on May 8, 1899. All of the present
officials were elected at that time except A.
E. Krentz, as Alderman from the first ward,
who was chosen later to succeed U D. Paitridge.
who was elected at the first inception of the
new city, but afterward resigned. The fol-
lowing are the city officers:

Mayor — M. M. Fisher.

City Clerk — H. C. Eggleston.

City Treasurer — William M. Clark.

City Attorney — A. G. Graham.

Marshal — Grant F. Needham.

City Engineer — M. H. Rosencrans.

Street Commissioner — Charles Doolittle.

Chief Fire Department — Amos Willard.
Assistant Chief — Fred Yost.

CITY COUNCIL.

First Ward — John Z. Wilklow, A. E. Krentz.
Second Ward— W.B. Hosford, Millard F. Kerr.
Third Ward— Dr. S. G. Todd, Peter Tollens.
Fourth Ward— J. H. Gaines, Albert S. Hess.
Fifth Ward — Wm. Lerner, Milton McKnight.

niun SCHOOL.

City Commissioners — M. V. Beiger, James A.
Roper, Simon Yenn, J. C. Snyder and Charles
Beatty.

Board of Health — John Hutchinson, D.'. W.
E. Borley and the Mayor.

Board of Education — Charles Frank, J. F.
Hollister and Tabor Ham.

Superintendent of Schools — a. F. Bogue.

The city has an excellent system of water
works which has been in operation for more
than twenty years. The capacity of the present
wo.ks is about 5,000,000 gallons daily, but the
daily demand does not exceed one-half that
amount. The water works are used exclusive-
ly for sprinkling and fire purposes, and the
supply is drawn directly from the river, which
proves an inexhaustible reservoir ior such pur-
pose. The inhabitants are as yet dependent
upon the wells for their supply of drinking
water, but the water is pure and wholesome
and shows no indication of diminuation. The
progressive citizens of Mishawaka are however,
agitating the important question of a pioper
water supply, and a well equipped works for
drinking purposes will no doubt be constructed
in the near future. H. B. Waterman is the
able superintendent of the works.

The city is also the owner of a large and
splendidly equipped electric lighting plant,
which supplies the streets and business houses

412

MISHAWAKA

and residences with light. The works were
erected in 1S95 by a number of public spirited
citizens, and on its completion was turned over
to the city at the actual cost of its construction.
The works are under the superintendence of
S. E. Gard, an able electrician and a valuable
official.

The fire department is composed of three
companies fully supplied with all the mod. 'in
appliances for extinguishing fires, and is under
1he volunteer system. The city, however, ex-
ercises a supervision over these companies,
and provides liberally for their support and
maintenance. The department has renderel
most excellent service during its existence and
its present chief, Amos Willaid, is one of the
most skillful and intrepid fire fighters of the
West.

The public buildings of the city are substan-
tial and artistic structures and especially

designed for the important uses to which they
are devoted.

This progressive city has caught the spirit
of the hour and its future is destined to fa ■
eclipse its honored past. In 1890 the popula-
tion of the city was less than 4.000, but in 1900
the city had increased to nearly 7,000, and the
large percentage of this increase has been
gained during the past three years. The great
possibilities of the inexhaustible water power
of the St. Joseph river, the energy and pro-
gressive spirit of her manufacturers and mer-
chants, and the natural advantages enjoyed by
this ambitious city must bear increasing fruits
in the eventful years that are yet to come. The
rainbow of brilliant promise spans the horizon
and it needs but the well directed efforts of
her people to secure the blessings of increasing
prosperity and unlimited but healthful and
substantial expansion.

THE ST. .losia'll KIN EB

MISHAWAKA

413

BIOGRAPHICAL AND INDUSTRIAL.

DEMPSTER BEATTY.

In the death of Mr. Dempster Beatty, Mish-
awaka lost, not only one of its most energetic-
manufacturers, but one of its most progressive
and influential citizens. Mr. Beatty, who was
the founder of the Beatty Felting Company,
one of the enterprising industries of this city,
departed this life April 7, 1S99, and his death
was sincerely mourned by all who had known
him. He was a native of Ohio and came of

went to Oswego, Ind., and began learning the
trade of a wagon maker. In 1S47 he came to
Mishawaka where he worked at his trade with
Adolphus and John Ebe.hart three years and
then went to Laporte a year. He returned
to Mishawaka and formed a partnership with
Adolphus Eberhart which continued until 1858.
In 1860 he became a member of the firm of
Milburn, Eberhart & Co. In 1864 he sold out
and went to Des Moines, Iowa, and in 1866
returned to Chicago, where he engaged in the
agricultural implement business under the
style of Staritt & Beatty. and in 1S71 lost all
in the great fire. In 1876 he returned to
Mishawaka and connected himself with the St.
Joseph Manufacturing Company. In 1880 he
began the manufacture of felt boots, being a
pioneer in that great industry. In 18S6 he
organized the Beatty Felting Company and
became its president, in which capacity he con-
tinued until his death. The industry built up
by Mr. Beatty is one of the substantial ones of
the city, and is a monument to his business
capacity and energy. Mr. Beatty left a widow,
Mrs. Luthera Willsie Beatty, and two children
to mourn his loss. His son, E. L. Beatty, is
the head of the business and his daughter is
Mrs. Ida M. Studley. of Grand Rapids, Mich.
Mrs. Beatty resides in a handsome home iu
Mishawaka and enjoys the love and esteem of
all who know her.

DEMPSTER BEATTY.

Scotch-Irish ancestry. His father, Dempster
Beatty, was born in County Wexford. Ireland,
and came to America and learned the cabinet
making trade in Philadelphia, and then went
to Norwich, Conn., where he married Eliza-
beth Ferguson. In 1S13 the family settled
at Sandusky City, Ohio, and to this union was
born ten children. Dempster Beatty was bom
at Sandusky City, August 30, 1828, and was
reared to the rigors of a farmer's life, and
when he was eighteen years old left home and

ADOLPHUS EBERHART.

Mr. Adolphus Eberhart, wnose death occurred
on June 2, 1S92, at his home in Mishawaka, was
one of the foremost citizens of St. Joseph
County, and lor more than half a century had
been identified with the commercial and indus-
trial interests of Mishawaka. Mr. Eberhart
was a native of New York state and was born
February 11, 1824. He was the son of Fred-
erick and Elizabeth Eberhart, and his father
was a well known glass blower, as were many
of his ancestors for generations. His great
grandfather was Adam Eberhart, Duke of
Alsace, and his grandfather came to America

414

MISHAWAKA

in 1776. Mr. Eberhart traced his ancestry
back to the thirteenth century, and all were
known as energetic men and women who at-
tained great age. In 1836 Mr. Eberhart's
parents came to St. Joseph County and located
on a farm about three miles northeast of Mish-
awaka. but afterward came to town where they
died. The son learned the wagon making busi-
ness with the firm of Wood & Cass, and later he
was associated with George Milburn in the
manufacture of wagons for the government dur-
ing the Utah war. This partnership was after-
ward dissolved, and Mr. Eberhart became
interested in the Ripple Mnls at Mishawaka,
with his brother, and was connected with that
enterprise until his death. Later he was as-
sociated witn Mr. M. V. Beiger in the woolen

ADOLPHUS EBERHART.

manufacturing business and invented an all
wool knit boot, which was very successful
and which resulted in the great wool and rub-
ber works, now known throughout the country
as the Mishawaka Woolen Company. Mr. Eber-
hart was one of the organizers of the company,
and it was his genius and business sagacity
that made it one of the largest manufactuiing
plants in the United States. When a young
man he seriously considered the idea of adopt-
ing the medical profession as his life work, but
finally relinquished it and devoted himself to
manufacturing. He was a man of earnest
purpose, of sterling honor, and was progres-
sive and far seeing as a man of business. No

one in this section of the state was more highly
regarded in the community, and his name was
a synonym for all that was highest and noblest
in humanity. His loss was mourned by all
who knew him and in his death tnere passed
away a most worthy gentleman, and one who
had contributed largely to ine development and
advancement of the city and of the industries
of the state. Mr. Eberhart was married on
April 25, 1847, to Miss Sarah A. Boyd, of
Lynchburg, Va.. whose father, James Boyd,
popularity known as "Admiral Boyd," was a
well known boat builder on the St. Josepu
river. This estimable lady survives ner hus-
band and her declining years are solaced and
comforted by the loving regard of her children,
and in many deeds of kindness and benevo-
lence to those less fortunate in life than her-
self. Mr. and Mrs. Eberhart had six children,
Ida, who married Mr. George Wells, of La-
porte, who died in 1889; Flora E., who married
Dr. R. S. Grimes, of Lincoln, Neb.; William
EDerhart, who died at the age of seven years;
James C. Eberhart, Frederick G. Ebernart and
Everett G. Eberhart, who are interested in the
great industry founded by their honored father.
Mr. Eberhart was a thoroughly domestic man,
anl he built the spacious home, in which he
died, in 1861. He was a vigorous and con-
sistent Republican and was one of the organ-
izers of the party in Penn Township. He was
a member of the Methodist Episcopal church
and was a valued member of society and
mourned oy all.

WALLACE H. DODGE.

Mr. Wallace H. Dodge, who was the founder,
and for many years the president of the Dodge
Manufacturing Company, of Mishawaka, de-
parted this life on September 10, 1894, after
several years of ill health occasioned by his
tireless and indefatigable efforts to establish
the success of his important inventions. He
was one of the most prominent and extensive
manufacturers in Mishawaka, and one of its
most influential citizens, and his death was
sincerely mourned by all who had known him
or had come within the sphere of his person-
ality. Mr. Dodge was a native of Mishawaka.
and was born July 10, 1S49. He was the son
of Harlow Dodge and Elizabeth Dodge, who
were honored residents of that city. He at-
tended the public schools in Mishawaka, and
afterward became a student at the University
of Notre Dame until he was nineteen years of
age. In 1867 he entered his father's store as a
book-keeper and clerk, but evincing a decided

MISHAWAKA.

415

talent and inclination for mechanics, during his
spare time, he learned the tinner's trade. Later
his father gave him an interest in the business
and in 1876 he became its sole proprietor. In
1878, in connection with Henry Woodbury, he
formed the "Magic Jack Company" and began
the manufacturing of a superior wagon jack
which at once became popular. Mr. Wood-
bury soon after retired from the firm and Mr.
Dodge continued the business and added the
manufacture of saw frames, door steps, and a
line of wooden hardware, which commanded
an extensive sale. In 1879 Mr. Dodge pur-
chased the establishment of Messrs. Wachs &
Schmidt, a frame building, erected on the site
of the present Dodge Manufacturing Company's
plant, and the name was changed to the Dodge

WALLACE II. DODGE.

Manufacturing Company, with Mr. Dodge as its
president. On July 10. 1881, the building was
struck by lightning, during a severe storm,
and was entirely destroyed. Although suffer-
ing great financial loss, and with but little left
but his great energy, his ability and his good
name, he commenced to rebuild and to again
establish himself in business. After the fac-
tory was rebuilt Mr. Dodge commenced the
manufacture of a Wood Split Pulley, which was
a success, and after elaborate and exhaustive
experiments, he decided, in 1884, to discard
all else and confine himself to the manufacture
of the Dodge Independence Wood Split Pulley.
This proved a great and instantaneous success,

and today are known all over the world. About
1886 he perfected his great system of power
transmission by means of Manilla rope, and this
was proven to be such a valuable contribution
to the mechanical energy of the country that
it at once became in great demand. The works
were extensively enlarged, and today they
occupy nearly sixty-five acres of ground. About
forty buildings are required for the various
departments, and branches are established in
the principal cities of the United States and
Europe. In 1889 Mr. Dodge visited Europe as
a member of the Society of American Engineers,
and was successful in introducing his valuable
inventions in France and England where they
have since been extensively used. On his re-
turn he was attacked with a severe illness from
which he never fully recovered, and in 1891
was obliged to seek the curative influences of
Tate Springs, Tenn., and afterward went to
St. Clair, Mich., where he gained but little re-
lief, although somewhat improved. In
February 1893. he was induced to go to the
Jackson Sanitarium at Dansville, N. Y., where
he remained a year and appeared to be greatly
benefited by the treatment he received there.
It was evident, however, that a permanent re-
covery was impossible, and a short time after
his return he was again a sufferer, and death
came to his relief on September 10, 1S94.
During all these years of suffering and ill
health Mr. Dodge retained the management of
his vast business, and continued to take an
active interest in his great manufactory, until
nearly the close of his career, he was obliged
to desist and relinquish the active direction of
these mammoth works. Mr. Dodge was mar-
ried July 13, 1S79, to Miss Hattie Veasey, of
Sturgis, Mich., and this estimable and ac-
complished lady still survives him. He also
left surviving him a brother Will W. Dodge,
who is now deceased, and two sisters, Mrs.
Jared Morse, and Mrs. Walter Mix, of Atlanta,
111., the mother of M. W. Mix, who is now the
president and general manager of the mam-
moth industrial enterprise which was founded
by him in 1878. Mr. Dodge was a resident of
Mishawaka during his entire active and useful
life, and by his many excellent virtues and
characteristics won and retained the confi-
dence and esteem of his fellow townsmen. Al-
ways actuated by noble impulses, strongly
self reliant and resourceful, and always display-
ing most excellent judgment he was instru-
mental and building up one of the most
gigantic manufacturing enterprises in the state
of Indiana, and which exists as an enduring
memorial of his struggles and triumphs. Mr.

410

MISHAWAKA

Dodge was a member of the Masonic fraternity
and of South Bend Commandery No. 13,
Knights Templar, and his funeral was con-
ducted under the impressive ceremonial of his
knightly associates. Mrs. Dodge still resides
in Mishawaka where she is endeared to a
large circle of friends, and where she has won
the esteem and regard of all.

HON. B. VOLNEY BINGHAM.

One of the oldest and most prominent at-
torneys of Mishawaka, now in active practice
at the bar of St. Joseph County is the Hon.
E. Volney Bingham, who is a native of the
county, and has resided in Mishawaka, almost
during his entire life. Mr. Bingham was born
in Penn Township August 1, 1844. He is the
son of Alfred Bingham and Ann (Miller)

HON. E. VOLNEY BINGHAM.

Bingham. His father was a native of New
York, but for many years was engaged with
the St. Joseph Iron Company. Mr. Bingham
received his early education in the public
schools of Mishawaka, and began his active
business career in a local furniture manufac-
tory. He was studious and early determined
to make the practice of law his life profes-
sion, and began his studies in that direction,
while engaged in other pursuits. When the
civil war occurred he enlisted in Co. G, 48th
Indiana Volunteers and served until the end of
the struggle, and was promoted to Sergeant

Major of the regiment. After the war he re-
turned home and for two years was a clerk,
and then became a tiaveling salesman, but dur-
ing all this time applied himself to llie study of
the law. and devoted his leisure hours to his
law books. He was obliged to relinquish
traveling on account of ill health. He was
later elected justice of the peace, although he
was a democrat, and the township was largely
republican. He served twelve years in this
responsible office, and won the esteem of the
entire community by the able and impartial
manner in which he perfo:med his duties. Mr.
Bingham was admitted to the bar in 1875, and
soon demonstrated his ability as a legal prac-
titioner. He was appointed by President
Cleveland as post master of Mishawaka and
fulfilled the duties of that office to the satis-
faction of all, for four years. He has also
been a member of the school board, and has
always been regarded as a tho:oughly con-
scientious and energetic public spirited man.
He was elected to the state senate by the
democratic party in this district and proved
an able and honorable legislator. Mr. Bing-
ham is essentially a self made man, and every
progressive step in his eventful and useful life
has been gained by his own efforts and by close
study and application, and tireless energy. Or.
December 7, 1S72, Mr. Bingham was married
to Miss Hattie E. Grimes, the accomplished
daughter of Dr. J. F. Grimes, and their family
consists of four children, two sons and two
daughters. His present home and law office
is located at Nos. 213-215 East Third street.
Mr. Bingham is in the enjoyment of excellent
health and vigor, and takes an active part in
every movement that conserves the Dest inter-
ests of Mishawaka. and of the political party
of which he has been a life long member.

JOHN H. EBERHART.

For more than half a century Mr. John H.
Eberhart, has been a resident of Mishawaka,
and during the major portion of that time has
been identified with the industrial progress and
commercial advancement of the city. Mr.
Eberhart is a native of New York state, and
was born in Yates County. October 8, 1825.
His father was Frederick Eberhait. a native
of Pennsylvania, and a prosperous glass
blower, as were many members of his family,
and his mother was Elizabeth Eberhart, also
a Pennsylvanian. Mr. Eberhart's ancestry
has been traced back to the Thirteenth century
and were sturdy, energetic and long lived men
and women. His grandfather came to America

MISHAWAKA

117

in 1776, and his great grandfather was Adam
Eberhart, the Duke of Alsace. When he was
ten years of age Mr. Eberhart's parents and
family came to Indiana, traveling by teams
from New York, where the snow was four feet
deep when starting. They located on a farm
about three miles northeast of Mishawaka.
and here the young man and his sturdy brothers
were reared. He learned the wagon making
business with Messrs. Wood & Cass, and with
his brother Adolphus, afterward purchased an
interest in the business, which was conducted
under the firm name of Wood, Eberhart &
Co. They built the largest carriage works in
this section of the country, which was run by
water power, and built the finest carriages in
the state. Mr. Eberhart during his busy and

JOHN II. EBERHART.

energetic life has been connected with a num-
ber of successful enterprises in this vicinity.
He was for a time engaged in the grocery
business, and later bought out the plant of
Judson & Toln, which was engaged in the pro-
duction of black walnut lumber for the manu-
facture of coffins, and were also extensively
engaged in the manufacture of black walnut
table tops. With his brother Jacob he con-
ducted two large saw mills, near Mishawaka,
and was the owner of a large and valuable
farm near the city limits, which he disposed
of a few years ago. in 1S64 Mr. Eberhart, in
connection with his brother Adolphus, Albert
Cass, and the St. Joseph Iron Company, built
the "Ripple Mills" located on the race which

was run by the firm of A. Cass & Co. Later
Mr. Eberhart purchased the interest of Mr.
Cass, and the mill was managed uy A. & J. H.
Eberhart. Later a stock company was or-
ganized which now controls the mill, and Mr.
Eberhart is the president of the company,
which is known as the Eberhart Milling Com-
pany. The mill is supplied with all modern
milling machinery and has a capacity of 150
barrels of flour per day, beside rye, corn and
buckwheat, and general feed products. The
brand of the "Ripple Mills," is well known for
its purity and excellence and is in great de-
mand. About two years ago Mr. Eberhart
suffered a stroke of paralysis, which confined
him to the house, but he is steadily improving
in health, and a complete recovery is antici-
pated. Mr. Eberhart has always been active
in public affairs and for many years was a
Trustee of the town and president of the board
for two terms. While trustee he was instru-
mental in the construction of the bridge across
the river, and in 1S86 he rebuilt the dam which
had been washed away during that year, and
was also engaged in the construction of the city
water works, tunneling under the river bank
and the Peninsular raihoad, and built the stone
headgates on the race. Mr. Eberhart was mar-
ried in 1850 to Miss Mary Pembroke, who
came with the party from New York, and who
died in 1S57. He was again married to Miss
Mary McCann in I860, who is also deceased.
He has two daughters, Mrs. Keyes and Mrs.
Conroy, and resides at No. 221 East Fourth
street.

MANUEL M. FISHER.
Mr. Manuel M. Fisher, Mayor of the City of
Mishawaka, is one of its foremost business
men and manufacturers, and a gentleman of
the highest commercial standing and probity.
Mr. Fisher, besides his duties as executive
head of the municipality, is also president ot
the Perkins Windmill & Ax Company, and
president of the Mishawaka Hydraulic Com-
pany, both being large and representative
enterprises. Mr. Fisher was born at Williams
Center, Williams County, Ohio, August 8, 1848.
His father, Philip C. Fisher, was a carpenter
in that section and a native of Pennsylvania,
and his mother, Lydia M. (Hann) Fisher, was
a native of Virginia. Mr. Fisher was born
and reared at Williams Center, and received
his education in the district schools. In 1865
Mr. Fisher enlisted in the 189th Ohio Volun-
teer Infantry, and his regiment saw service
about Huntsville, Ala., being largely engaged
in guard duty. He was mustered out of

418

MISHAWAKA

service in October, 1865, and returned to his
home. His health having become impaired
Mr. Fisher was not actively engaged in business
until 1870, when he came to Mishawaka, and
was associated with Mr. P. C. Perkins in the
manufacture of windmills. The business later
became the firm of P. C. Perkins & Co., and in
1873 the Perkins Windmill & Ax Company was

Republic. Mr. Fisher was married in 1871 to
Miss Elizabeth A. Miller, and with his estim-
able wife resides at No. 222 East Second
street.

VERY REV. AUGUST B. OECHTERING.

One of the most popular and successful rec-
tors in the Fort Wayne Diocese of the Catholic
church is Very Rev. August B. Oechtering of
Mishawaka, who for over a third of a century
has been at the head of St. Joseph's church
in that city. Father Oechtering is a native
of Prussia, and was born in the Province of
Westphalia, September 8, 1837. He is the
youngest son of Gerhard H. Oechtering and
The: esa (Benningmeir) Oechtering. He was
educated in the schools at home and completed
his education in the College of Rheine, in 1858.
In July of the same year he came to America
to prepare himself for an extensive mission of
the Catholic church for which he always had a
strong inclination, and ior this purpose the
newly appointed Bishop Luers of Fort Wayne,
Ind., to whom be applied for admission into
his diocese, sent him to the Seminary of Mt.

MANUEL M. FISHER.

organized and incorporated under the laws of
Indiana. Mr. Fisher was made superintendent
of the enterprise and continued as such until
1S96 when he became the president of the
company, which position he now ably fills.
Mr. Fisher is widely known and esteemed in
every walk of life and is a gentleman of reso-
lute character, quick in action, firm in the
defense of right and a man of the people.
Before Mishawaka became an incorporated
city Mr. Fisher served seven years in the coun-
cil. In 1899 he was elected Mayor of the city
on the Republican ticket for three years. Dur-
ing his regime most extensive paving, sewer
and lighting improvements have been made in
an economical way. In social and fraternal
life Mayor Fisher holds a high place. He is
a member of the First Presbyterian church in
Mishawaka. a Past Grand High Priest of the
Grand Chapter, Masonic Order of the State of
Indiana, is a member of Mishawaka Council
No. 19, R. & S. M., a member and Past Com-
mander of South Bend Commandery No. 13.
Knights Templar, an Odd Fellow, member of
the Maccabees, and the Grand Army of the

VERY REV. AUGUST B. OECHTERLNG.

St. Mary's of the West near Cincinnati, where
he completed his theological studies in May,
1S61. On the 17th of the same month he was
ordained priest of the Cathedral of Fort Wayne
by Bishop Luers, and soon after his ordination
was appointed rector of the much neglected

MISHAWAKA.

419

mission of St. Joseph's church at Delphi, Intl.,
where from May 26, 1861, until December 22,
1S65, he labored with good success, building
up a large congregation and school. At the
same time he also attended several small mis-
sions in the surrounding country. In 1864 he
accompanied his kind friend. Bishop Luers, to
Europe, where after an absence of six years, he
visited his aged parents, who at that time cele-
brated their golden wedding, holding a reunion
of their eight child. en and their families. In
1865 he was appointed rector of St. Mary's
church at Avilla, Ind. While there he labored
eighteen months with eleven different congre-
gations in four counties. In Waterloo a new
church was erected, and at Kendallville an
old one was nicely repaired. He also labo.ed
in other places during this time, and during
his short stay at Avilla he delivered many
lectures upon Catholic subjects, such as "Con-
fessions." "Popery," and "The True Church,"
in his different missions, thus clearing away
many prejudices and silencing many false
accusers. In 1867, at the request of the
Bishop he took charge of St. Joseph's church
at Mishawaka, where he has since labored
with the greatest success. In December, 1879,
the Bishop of Ft. Wayne, Dr. Dwenger,
tendered him a much larger and more re-
munerative field of labor, Huntington, but he
declined, as he had formed an attachment to
the citizens of Mishawaka. In 1S75 he again
went to Europe, visited Rome and had an
audience with the venerable and saintly Pius
IX. He also traveled through Prance, Eng-
land and Ireland. In 1886 the Catholic church
at Mishawaka was entirely inadequate to sup-
ply the wants of the congregation and a fund
for the building of a new church was started
by Father Oechtering, and in 1890 active pre-
parations were begun for the erection but
were deferred owing to the ill health of Father
Oechtering. During that year he spent five
months in Europe in search of health and re-
turned greatly benefitted. Upon his return
he began active work, and on August 30, 1891,
Bishop Rademacher, of Nashville, Tenn., laid
the corner stone before an audience of 10,000
people. On October 22, 1893, the new church
was dedicated by Bishop Rademacher. The
tor.al cost of the new church was $55,000.00.
Father Oechtering has also perfected many
other improvements in the church property,
and has accepted plans for a new parochial
school to cost about $25,000.00. Father
Oechtering has been president of the Catholic
School Board of the Fort Wayne diocese, and
has been consultor to the Bishop of Fort

Wayne, until lately. He is dean of the Fifth
District of Ft. Wayne. Since father Oechtering
came to Mishawaka his congregation has grown
from ninety families to four hundred and forty-
eight families, the congregation now numbering
2,044. Father Oechtering is a highly gifted
n an and rich in the love of his people, and
beloved by all who know him.

JOHN H. QUIGG.

Mr. John H. Quigg, of Mishawaka, whose la-
mented death occurred in that city on July 23,
1893, was one of the oldest residents and most
successful merchants, and was a prominent and
highly esteemed citizen. Mr. Quigg was born
in Wayne County, Ind., November 25, 1830.
His father, was Henry Quigg, a prosperous

*%.

JOHN H .QUIGG.

farmer in that section of the state, and his
mother was Amanda (Ireland) Quigg. When
but three years of age Mr. Quigg had the mis-
fortune to lose his father, and his mother soon
after removed to Mishawaka, where the son
resided, achieving marked commercial suc-
cess and prominence until his death. From
his earliest infancy Mr. Quigg was practically
the architect of his own fortune. He labored
diligently when a boy, and at the age of
eighteen years was engaged on the river
steamer "Algoma," which ran between St.
Joseph and Three Rivers, Michigan, and later
he was employed on the steamer "Michigan."

420

MISHAWAKA.

He afterward served as a clerk in the store of
Judson & Company, in Mishawaka, and finally
engaged in business for bimself with a stock
of dry goods and stationery, and was success-
ful from the outset. In 1862 he was appointed
as Provost Marshal by the United States gov-
ernment in which office he served with ability,
discretion and courage, until 1864. On May
16, 1864, he enlisted in Company H. of the 138th
Regiment Indiana Volunteers, and was com-
missioned as Second Lieutenant. He was hon-
orably discharged the following October, on
account of serious illness. His illness began
in Stephenson, Ala., and for two weeks he lay
ill in a freight house at Anderson, Tenn. Re-
covery seemed impossible but careful nursing
and his vigorous constitution triumphed over
the grim destroyer, and he was mustered out
with his regiment at Indianapolis. After the
war he was again engaged as a clerk but in
1876 he established himself in the grocery
business, and in 1879 he became associated
with H. G. Beemer, of Canada, in the dry
goods business and the firm became Quigg &
Beemer. Their establishment was located at
the southwest corner of Second and Main
streets, and became the leading commercial
house in the city. Mrs. Quigg disposed of her
husband's interest in the business a short time
after his death, but the firm name was re-
tained for about two years, and the business
is now conducted by Mr. H. G. Beemer. Dur-
ing his useful and honorable life Mr. Quigg
was an anti-slavery Democrat, and served for
eight years as Deputy Sheriff of St. Joseph
County, while a part of the time he was also
performing the duties of Provost Marshal. He
was connected with the Masonic fraternity
since 1854, and was a member or Mishawaka
lodge. In 1867 Mr. Quigg was married to
Mrs. Ida A. Mix. a daughter of Mr. John Julian,
of Oswego, N. Y., and this most estimable lady
survives her husband, in the full enjoyment of
excellent health and is well known in South
Bend and Mishawaka for many admirable
womanly characteristics. Mr. M. W. Mix, of
the Dodge Manufacturing Company, is her
grandson, by a former marriage, and Mrs. Quigg
though still active and evincing but little signs
of age, has the distinction of Deing a great
grandmother. Mr. Quigg was a valued mem-
ber of the community, and at his death was
one of the oldest residents oi Mishawaka. His
loss was deeply mourned by all, and at his
death Mishawaka was deprived of one of its
foremost citizens.

JAMES A. ROPER.

For nearly a quarter of a century Mr. James
A. Roper, of Mishawaka, has been prominently
identified with the furniture manufacturing
business in this section of the state, and his
name is known throughout the country in this
industrial connection. Since 1888 he has been
the controlling, spirit in the Roper Furniture
Company of which he is the president, treasurer
and general manager, and the reputation of
this company is known throughout the United
States. Mr. Roper, although a native of Mich-
igan, has been identified with the city of
Mishawaka. since he was three months old.
He was born in St. Joseph County, Michigan.

JAMES A ROPER.

in 1846. and is the son of John Roper and Cor-
nelia (Young; Roper, his mother being a native
of New York. When he was three months old
his parents removed to Mishawaka, and his
father, who was an iron moulder by occupation,
was engaged with St. Joseph Iron Company for
a number of years. He was a fellow workman
of James Oliver, who was also engaged in the
foundry, with whom he enjoyed an intimate ac-
quaintance. Mr. Roper's early schooling was
acquired in Mishawaka and in country schools,
he working for his board and attending school
during the winter months. When the war of
the Rebellion occurred Mr. Roper, although less
than sixteen years old, enlisted his services in
the cause of his countiy on September 21, 1861,
and was mustered into Company F. 48th Ind-

MISHAW A|K A .

421

iana Volunteer Infantry. His regiment was at-
tached to the famous Army of the Tennessee,
and the young soldier took an active part in the
campaigns and engagements ot this army. His
first term of service expiring, he re-eniisted at
Huntsville, Alabama, and served until mustered
out, with the lank of Sergeant, on July 12, 1865.
The last year of service he was attached to Gen.
W. T. Clark's Headquarters, at Beufoit, S. C,
and three months later at Ricnmond, Va., was
promoted to Corporal, and a month later was
again promoted to Sergeant and was put in
command of the Headquarters Guard, which
position he held until the close of the war. He
is one of the very few veterans of the war who
has absolutely declined to file an application
for a pension from the Government holding
strenuously to the view that the Government
justly and honorably owed this to its defen-
ders, and that it should be given without their
being required to beg for it. For three years
after leaving the army, Mr. Roper attended
school both in South Bend, and at Asbury
University, now De Pauw University. He was
then appointed to a clerkship in the post office
at Mishawaka, and afterward, for a short time,
was engaged in the general stoie of Col. New-
ton Bingham. At the age of twenty-five he
was engaged in the lumber and mill business
in Michigan, where he transacted a large and
successful business. At the age of thirty-two
he embarked in the manufacture of furniture
and was made president and manager of the
St. Joseph Valley Furniture Company, which
was one of the most extensive establishments
of its kind in the state, its building forming a
pait of the Mishawaka Woolen Manufacturing
Company of the present aay. Mr. Roper re-
mained with this company for about eight
years when he disposed of his interest, and
later the company discontinued business. After
retiring from the management of this company
Mr. Roper went to South Bend and leased the
old Union Furnituie factory, in which he was
engaged for some time. In 1888 the present
company was established by him and the
Messrs. van den Bosch of South Bend. Mr.
Roper has been in charge ot its affairs since
that time, and has been a most important factor
in its growth and development. He is a
progressive and energetic business man in the
highest sense of the term, and is master of
detail of the great establishment he controls.
Mr. Roper is an active and public spirited citi-
zen and has performed yeoman service for the
commercial and industrial advancement of
Mishawaka. For six yea: s he was president
of the Mishawaka Hydrulic Company, and was

largely instrumental in the construction of the
present splendid dam on the river at this
point, when the old dam was washed away
twenty years ago. In connection with Messrs.
M. V. Beiger, H. G. Niles, M. M. Fisher, and D.
O. Fonda, in 1895, Mr. Roper organized a com-
pany to furnish Mishawaka with an electric
light plant which would be a public and much
needed benefit. They erected the works, con-
structed a line of service, and installed the nec-
essary machinery for this purpose at their own
cost, which approximated about ?23,000.0(J pur-
chasing the old Dodge plant, and constructing
new water wheels, and then turned the works
over to the city at the exact amount of the
bonded indebtedness. The present excellent
and well managed system of electric lighting
in Mishawaka, is therefore due to the great
public spirit and energy manifested by this
company of which Mr. Koper was the president.
He is also the vice-president of the First Na-
tional Bank of Mishawaka, which is one of the
sound and progressive financral rnstitutions iu
the state. When the city of Mishawaka was
incorpoiated Mr. Roper was appointed one or
the first City Commissioners and served sev-
eral terms with ability and honor. He was
married to Miss Ella M. Dowling, of Misha-
waka, and has a family of five sons, Henry C.
Roper, Clarence Albert Roper, and Hany D.
Roper, who are actively associated with their
father in business, Leonard Eugene Roper, who
is engaged in the furniture business in South
Bend, and James Gordon Roper, who is at-
tending school. Mr. Roper is an active mem-
ber of the Methodist Episcopal church, and
takes a deep interest in rts progress and wel-
fare, and he is also a member of the 20th
Century Club of Mishawaka. In every es-
sential sense he is a progressive and liberal
minded citizen, and no man is more highly
esteemed in the community than Mr. James A.
Roper. His handsome and commodious home
is located at No. 216 East Second st;eet.

WILLIAM W. DODGE.

In the lamented death of Mr. William W.
treasurer of the Dodge Manufacturing

Dodge,

Company, Mishawaka lost one of its most
prominent and influential business men and
one of its foremost and esteemed citizens.
Bom and reared here he was known and loved
by all. Mr. Dodge departed this life on Sep-
tember 1, 1899, after a brief illness. He was
born in Mishawaka, January IS, 1861, and was
a son of Harlow and Elizabeth Dodge. As a
boy he attended the public schools of this city

422

MISHAWAKA

and completed his education at the University
of Notre Dame. In 1S7S, Mr. Wallace H.
Dodge, his brother, founded the Magic Jack
Company and began the manufacture of a
supeiior wagon jack, and Mr. William W.
Dodge became interested in the business. In

city and of Elkhart. He was a Mason and
Mystic Shriner, a member of Mishawaka
Lodge, No. 130, F. & A. M., Mishawaka Council.
No. 19, R. S. M., and South Bend Command-
ery. No. 13, Knights Templar. His funeral
was held September 4, 1899, and was conducted
under the impressive ceremonials of his lodges.
The pall bearers were Sir Knights, M. M.
Fisher, Harry Bell, William Tupper, Emmet
Beatty, living A. Sibley, Elmer Crockett, A. B.
France and W. G. Crabill. Mr. Dodge was mar-
ried November 26. 1890, to Miss Nettie Ford, a
most estimable and cultured lady of this city,
and he left his widow and son, William Wal-
lace, to mourn his loss. Mrs. Dodge is one of
the most esteemed ladies of Mishawaka and
resides in a beautiful home at No. 201 West
Second street.

JOHN DIXON.

One of the most energetic and progressive
citizens and business men oi Mishawaka, a
lawyer of ability and prominence and a man of
great usefulness passed away in the death of
Mr. John Dixon, who died at his home in this

WILLIAM W. DODGE.

1 s7 It the Dodge Manufactuiing Co. was organ-
ized and Mr. William M. Dodge becamo
the treasurer and held that position at
the time of his death In 1881 the plani
burned down and the Dodge brothers rebuilt
and continued the business and through their
energy and ability built up the great plant that
will ever stand as a monument to their pro
giessive business methods, and which has
branches in all parts of the world. Mr.
William W. Dodge directed the financial af-
fairs of the great enterprise, and the impress
of his methods will remain with the company.
It was his foresight that built up the great
system in many ways, and his master mind
handled the finances of all the blanches in the
world. Mr. Dodge was one of the best known
and most highly esteemed men that Mishawaka
has ever produced. He organized the Western
Gas Engine Company, and was its president at
the time of his death. During his ever active
life his many excellent virtues endeared him to
a constantly growing circle of friends here and
abroad. He was prominent in church, social
and fraternal life, and was a member of the
Indiana and Commercial Athletic Clubs of
South Bend, and the 20th Century Club, of this

JOHN DIXON.

city Sunday, August 1, 1897. Mr. Dixon was
a typical American in every sense of the term.
He was a native of Gailopolis. Ohio, having
been born there January 26, 1834. His parents
were Hezekiah and Malinda Dixon, and when
he was but one year of age they removed to

MISHAWAKA

423

Penn Township and settled on a farm four
miles southeast of Mishawaka, that is still
known as Dixon's Corners. As a boy he assis-
ted on the faim and attended the district
schools near nis home. At eighteen he began
teaching school and continued in that line
until 18»5, wnen he was married to Miss Susan
L-aidiaw, a daughter of Mr. ana Mrs. John l..
Laidlaw. In 1856 he moved to iNonhnelu,
Rice County, Minn., where ne engaged in farm-
ing. In 1863 he sold nis farm and leturnea
to Mishawaka and became a meniLser ot the do
goods firm 01 A. M. Wing & co. Two years
later he starced in the ary gooas business w...
n.s brother, Aaron, uncier tne style oi Uixo.
& Brother. While engaged in this line Mr.
Dixon took up the study of law and in 1873
was admitted to the bar by the Supreme Court
of Indiana, and the following year sold out his
interest in the dry goods business and began
the practice of his profession, which he con-
tinued with success until his death. Mr.
Dixon was elected a justice of the peace in
Penn Township and served four terms. He
was a substantial citizen of the highest integri-
ty and standing and a man oi progressive ideas
whose life work was beneficial and elevating.
Quiet and unassuming he was vigorous and
active in every undertaking in which he en-
gaged, and always evinced a deep interest in
the progress and advancement of our city. Mrs.
S. L. Dixon, his widow, survives him and re-
sides in a handsome home at No. 409 West
Second street. She is a most estimable lady
and warmly esteemed by all who have the
honor of her acquaintance.

HON. NELSON FERRIS.
One of the popular public men ol St. Joseph
County passed away in the death of Hon. Nel-
son Ferris, who died at his home in Mishawaka,
October 24, 1899. His value to this city was
well known and his memory is cheiished by all
who knew him in life. Mr. Ferris was a native
of New YorK state and was born in the vil-
lage of Hentz, in Cayuga County, November 8,
1817. He came of a family prominent in Cen-
tral New York, and his father was a successtul
farmer, and young Ferris lived at home until
he was sixteen yeais of age and attended the
country schools. In 1833 he went to Seneca
Falls, N. Y., where he apprenticed himself to
learn the milling trade, and he remained there
in that business until 1842, when he came to
Mishawaka where he engaged in the milling

business and continued at it many years. Mr.
Ferris was always prominent in the business
life of this city and was interestea in a num-
ber of enterprises here. In 1S60 he was
elected sheriff of St. Joseph County, and held
that position during the war. In 1866 he was
elected to the State Legislature from St. Joseph
County and served two years. He was on
many important committees including claims,
prison and appropriations and was an able
representative and won the esteem of all. Mr.
Ferris was often asked to accept other political
honors but refused. During his long life he
had been active in advancing the best interests
of the city and his influence was felt in any
movement in which he was engaged. Mr.
Ferris was mariieu in 1S41 to Miss Sally

HON. NELSOX FERRIS.

Weeks, of Pamelia, N. Y., who still survives
him at the honored age of ninety years. To
them were born four children, Morton E., long
deceased, and Mrs. J. K. Gore, of Indianapolis,
W. W. Ferris, of Mendone, Mich., and Mis. A.
L. Osborne, of Laporte, Ind. Mr. Ferris'

death was mourned by all who knew him and
his funeral was largely attended by sorrowing
friends. His body was borne to its last resting
place by his warm friends, H. G. Niles, Charles
Sandilands, John Tromp, John Uline, Luther
Cass and A. Gaylor.

424

M1SHAWAKA.

CHARLES FRANK.

Mr. Charles Frank is one of Mishawaka's
honored and esteemed business men. He is a
native of Pennsylvania and was born in Beaver
County, March 18. 1S42. His father, George
F. Frank, was a stone mason in that state, and
his mother was Catherine (Roupp) Frank. As

home and later went to Pittsburg where he
clerked in a store. In 1867 he came to Misha
waka and with Mr. Frederick Lang organized
the firm of Lang & Frank, and engaged in the
lumber and saw mill business in Madison Town-
ship. In lSSi! Mr. Frank took up his residence
in Mishawaka. He is a Dusiness man of the
highest standing and integrity and is widely
known in this section of the state. He is a
member of Houghton Post, No. 128, G. A. R..
and has held all of the offices of the same. He
is a member of Monito/ Lodge, No. 286, I. 0. O.
F., and has filled all of the chairs in that lodge
Mr. Frank was married in 1868 to Miss Mary
A. Buchheit, a native of Beaver County, Pa.,
and resides with his estimable wife and family
in a pretty home in this city.

ALBERT GAYLOR.

Mr. Albert Gaylor, Postmaster of Mishawaka.
is a native of Indiana, and was born on a
farm in Penn Township, March 29, 1841. His
father Jacob M. Gaylor, was a successful
farmer and honored citizen of St. Joseph
County, and his mother was Ezuba (Ferris)

( HAK.LES PB VMi.

a boy he ieceived a good common school educa-
tion and then attended the Academy of Beaver
County where he completed his education. On
September 14, 1861, Mr. Frank enlisted in Co.
B, 74th Pennsylvania Volunteer lntantry and
his regiment became a part of Blinker's Di-
vision of the Army of the Potomac, under Gen-
eral Fremont. Mr. Fiank served with valor
for three years and saw some of the hardest
fighting and campaigning of tuat memorable
struggle. He participated in many engage-
ments including the battles at Cross Keys,
Harrisonburg, Cedar Mountain, the campaigns
of the Fiist Army Corps under General Pope
in Virginia, the battles of Fremont's Foru, Sul-
phur Springs, Waterloo Bridge, the second bat-
tle of Bull Run, the two day's battle at Fred-
ericksburg, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg.
After the latter fight his regiment was detached
and sent to South Caiolina under the Depart-
ment of the South, where he did garrison duty
at Folly and Morris islands near Charleston.
His regiment was then sent to Washington
when he was mustered out of the service Sept-
tember 14, 1864. Mr. Frank then returned

ALBERT (JAYLOR.

Gaylor, and both his parents were natives of
the Empire state. The subject of this sketch
was born on the old Gaylor homestead, four
miles South of the city, and there was reared
and attended school in a pioneer log school
house. He next attended the Northern In-

MISHAWAKA.

425

diana College at New Carlisle, Ind., in 1861 and
1S62, and then returned home and lived on the
farm, which he managed tor his lather until
1873. Mr. Gaylor was one of the most sub-
stantial farmers in that section. In 1873 he
removed to Mishawaka and engaged in the
groce.y business lor five years under the style
of Quigg & Gaylor, and Gayior &. McQuillan.
In 187 7 he built the first woodpuip mill in St.
Joseph County, and established the Mishawaka
Wood Pulp Company, which later became the
A. Gaylor Vvood Puip Company, and was its
secretary and treasurer until 18o7 when he sold
out the business and organized the tirru of
Gaylor & Doolittle and engaged in the agiicul-
tuial implement business. He was also agent
of the United States Express Company. On
April 1, 1898, Mr. Gayior was appointed post-
master by President McKinley, which position
he now ably fills, and whose term does not ex-
pire for two years. Since he took the posi-
tion he has largely improved and extended the
service, and is a model official. Mr. Gaylor
is a staunch Republican in politics and has
held many offices of public trust. He was
assessor of Penn Townsnip for five years and
was four years a township trustee. He was
president of Mishawaka, and a member of the
city council five years. While a member of
the council the fight for the annexation of the
Lake Shore railway and the Dodge Manufac-
turing Company came up and was most bit-
terly contested. Mr. Gaylor favored annexa-
tion and fought haid and successfully for it.
He was a member and treasurer of the board
of education, and is a progressive and public
spirited citizen. He is a prominent Mason
and is past master of Mishawaka Council, No.
19, R. & S. M., and has filled every chair in
the Mishawaka lodge and council. He is
also a member of the Chapter and Council and
Commandery Knights Templar, of South Bend.
Mr. Gaylor was married October 31, 18t>5, to
Miss Mary A. Kiefer, and nas four children,
Mrs. E. Victoiia Jones, John A., and Ralph
W. Gaylor, and Miss E. Mabelle Gaylor, a
teacher in the public schools.

HENRY D. HIGGINS.

No man was ever more warmly endeared to
this community, nor occupied a higher place
in the respect of our people than the late
Henry D. Higgins, whose death occuried in
this city February 11, 1895. His many kindly
acts are still fresh in the minds of those who
knew him while he lived, and who were ever
proud to be numbered among his friends. Mr.

Higgins was a native of New York state and
was born on a farm on Onondaga County, near
the City of Syracuse, March 15, 1822. His
father, William Higgins, was a native of Con-
necticut, and came of an eminent English
family, whose sons came to America in the
early Colonial days, and settled in New Eng-
land. His grand father, Darius Higgins, set-
tled at New Haven, Conn., and was a patriot
in the Revolutionary war. His father Wil-
liam Higgins served in the war of 1812. His
mother was Hannah Willard. Mr. Henry D.
Higgins received his education in the public
schools, and learned the trade of carpenter.
Mr. Higgins went to Oswego. N.Y., and in 184G
was married to Miss Nancy Barnes, and two

UENIIY D. HIGGINS.

weeks after his marriage came to Mishawaka,
where he was engaged for a time at the paint-
ing business. He gave this up and opened
the first jewelry store in Mishawaka and con-
tinued in that line until his lamented death.
Mr. Higgins wjs widely known and highly
esteemed as an active and honorable business
man and a public spirited citizen. Mrs. Hig-
gins died in 1892. To. Mr. and Mrs. Higgins
were born four children, Charles, the eldest
who died in 1873, Sarah, who married Joseph
do Lorenzi, and who succeeded Mr. Higgins in
the jewelery business, Alice, who died when
a child, and Susie, the youngest, is the wife of
Mr. Martin V. Beiger, the founder and presi-
dent of the Mishawaka Woolen Company.

426

MISHAWAKA.

Mr. Higgins left an endui ing memory of his
many admirable traits and strong business
attributes and the world is the better for his
having lived.

WILLIAM M. CLARK.

Mr. William Monroe Clark, banker, of Mish-
awaka, is a gentleman who has endeared him-
self to all who know him. Mr. Clark is a
native of Colbourne. Ontario, Canada. His
father, Seth Clark, and his mother, Caroline
(Merriman) Clark were natives of Connecticut,
and whose ancestors were prominent in early
colonial history. When Mr. Clark was three
years of age his father removed from Canada

WILLIAM M. CI.ALK.

to Mishawaka, where he was engaged in the
manufacture of chairs. Here he was educated
in the public schools, and has since been en-
gaged in honored business. When but fifteen
years of age Mr. Clark began work for Mr. A.
B. Judson, a pioneer merchant and banker of
Mishawaka, where he made himself as useful
as an ambitious and haid working boy could,
and in later years reaped his reward. He con-
tinued with Mr. Judson several years and was
for one year a clerk in the post office, and in
1856 entered the employ of the old St. Joe Iron
Company, where Mr. James Oliver once
labo:ed. Later with Mr. A. M. Wing the
firm of Wing & Clark was organized and a gen-
eral merchandise business successfully con-

ducted. The firm afterward became Clark,
Whitson & Co., with Mr. J. H. Whitson and .Mr.
Judson the junior members of the firm. Later
Clark & Whitson consolidated the business of
Mr. Judson, and besides general merchandise
added banking. In 1866 the mercantile busi-
ness was discontinued and they devoted them-
selves to the banking business. The Clark
& Whitson Bank is a landmark in Mishawaka.
Upon the death of Mr. Whitson, Mr. Clark con-
tinued the bank, being its president, while his
son, Edwin Loring Clark, is cashier. Since
1873 Mr. Clark has been City Treasurer of
Mishawaka. His bank is liberal yet con-
servative in its methods and does a general
banking business, loans, discounts, receives
deposits and makes collections. Mr. Clark is
one of the best known men in Mishawaka and
a public spirited citizen whose heart is at-
tuned to the cause of true charity, and who is
endeared to all who know him. He was mar-
ried in 1859 to Miss Myra R. Loring, a niece
of Rev. Mr. Kellogg, who was the second Pres-
byterian clergyman to officiate in Mishawaka.
Mr. Clark has two sons, Edwin Loring Clark,
and Melvin Monroe Clark, the former the
cashier of the bank, and both are young men of
ability. Mr. Clark is a man of genial and
sunny disposition and tells many interesting
incidents in the early life of his adopted city.

sl'FT. BYRON BOGUE.

For fourteen years Byron J. Bogue has occu-
pied the position of Superintendent of Schools
of Mishawaka, and during that time ma. ked
advancement has been made along the higher
educational lines in that city. .Mr. Bogue

was born in Rootstown Township, Portage
County, Ohio, June IT, 1S50. He is a son of
Daniel Bogue and Hittie (Lewis) Bogue, and
is one of a family of ten children. His great
grandfather was a patriot in the Revolution,
and his grandfather was a soldier in the war of
1S12. His father came f:om Connecticut
when a mere infant with his parents who set-
tled in Medina County, Ohio, in 1S16; and after
reaching manhood settled in Portage County.
Ohio, whore he has since resided. Mr. Bogue
attended the district schools near his home,
and at the age of nineteen years commenced
teaching. He then attended Buchtel College,
at Akron. Ohio, and was one of its first
students. While at college he taught school,
worked on a faim during vacations, and per-
formed other labors to provide the means for
prosecuting his studies, and graduated with
honor in 1S77. He first taught district and

MISHAWAKA

427

select schools and in 1S79 went to Fort Wayne,
Ind., where he taught in the M. E. College until
autumn, when he came to Mishawaka and for
three yeais was principal and teacher in the
high school. In 1882 he was elected Superin-
tendent of Schools at LaGrange, Ind., and re-
mained there five years, when he returned to
Mishawaka and has been Superintendent from
that time to the present. During his ad-

SUPT. BYRON T.

BOGLE.

of the city have

ministration the schools
materially advanced in every b:anch of educa-
tion, and rank among the foremost educational
institutions, of a public character, in the
state. Mr. Bogue was married on July 7.
1881, to Miss Maria S. Colvin, a daughter of
George Colvin, of Palmyra, Lenawee County,
Mich., and this most estimable and accom-
plished lady died in September, 1S97. Soon
after the death of Mrs. Bogue her friends es-
tablished a memorial scholarship in her name
in Scotia Seminary, Concord, N. C, a school
for colored girls. For many years Mrs.
Bogue had been much interested in this school
and the betterment of conditions among col-
ored people and the poor whites of the south.
Miss Georgia Thompson was the first girl to
have use of the scholarship and was graduated
in June, 1900. Mr. and Mrs. Bogue had no
children, but have an adopted son, Morgan
Weir Bogue, who is now a student in the
high school. Supt. Bogue's summer vacation
of 1900 was spent in Europe, visiting parts of
England, Scotland, Netherlands, Belgium,

France, Switzerland and Germany. On his
return home he was asked to give his Impres-
sions of the People of Oberammergau and The
Passion Play, which he saw on the 8th and 9th
of July. The lecture was so favorably re-
ceived as to call for its repetition, to which
request he has responded on numerous oc-
casions. Supt. Bogue has an interesting ad-
dress and is most worthy the many pleasing
commendations of his efforts as a writer and
speaker. He is a member of the Presbyterian
church in which he is an elder, and a member
of the Masonic and Odd Fellow fraternities.
He has a fine home at No. 902 East Second
street, and has collected a large library. Supt.
Bogue is an ideal pedagog and is courteous and
genial. As an educational director he has won
the enconiums of all.

E. L. BEATTY.
Mr. E. L. Beatty, the secretaiy and treasurer
and general manager of the great Mishawaka
enterprise of the Beatty Felting Company, is
widely known in this vicinity. Mr. Beatty
was born in Mishawaka forty-nine years ago.

E. L. BEATTY.

He is a son of Mr. D. Beatty, the founder of
the great business which he has ably directed
for seveial years. Until he was fourteen
years of age he resided in that city, and re-
ceived his early education in the public
schools. In 1S66, with his parents, he re-

428

MISHAWAKA

moved to Chicago, where he also attended
school, and when he had completed his educa-
tion learned the hardware business. For
eighteen years he was engaged traveling in
the wholesale hardware t'.ade. In 1S92 Mr.
Beatty gave up traveling and returned to
Mishawaka as secretary and treasurer of the
Beatty Felting Company, and upon the death
of Mr. D. Beatty, in April. 1899, assumed tha
entire charge and direction of the business.
Under his able management the business haa
expanded and each year sees an increase. He
is a member of the Twentieth Century Club,
and of Mishawaka Council No. 19, R. & S. M.;
Mishawaka Lodge No. 130, F. & A. M.; Misha-
waka Chapter No. S3, and South Bend Corn-
mandery, No. 13, Knights Templar.

WILLIAM N. SCHINDLER.
Among the successful business men of
Misahwaka is Mr. William N. Schindler, pro-
prietor of the St. Joseph Mills, one of the large

WILLIAM N. SCHINDLER.

industries of that city, the product of which is
shipped to all European countries. Mr. Schind-
ler was born in the City of Buffalo, N. Y.. May
20, 1858, and is a son of Mr. Andrew Schindler,
who came to this country in 1848, from Baden,
Germany, and who was a successful business
man in Mishawaka, where he died August 25,
1872. His mother was Rosa (Kuhn) Schind-
ler, a native of Switzerland. William N.

Schindler, when a child, went with his parents
to Dunkirk, N. Y., where his father engaged in
the hotel business. He next came to Misha-
waka and had the benefit of a good parochial
school education, and then attended St. Francis
Seminary at Milwaukee, Wis., where he re-
mained four years, when he leturned to Misha-
waka, and learned the trade of merchant miller
with his uncles, Kuhn Bros., who built the St.
Joseph Mills in 1861. In 1S84 the St. Joseph
Milling Company was incorporated, Mr. Schind-
ler being an officer of the corporation, and this
continued until 1S95 wnen the company was
dissolved anu Mr. Schindler became sole p.o-
prietor of tne St. Joseph Mills, which business
he has since continued. The mill is a large
one, situated on the North Side of the river
and has unexcelled water power, and is
equipped with the best roller process ma-
chinery. Its output is the choicest of flour,
meal, buckwheat, feed, etc., and Mr. Schindler
does a large business. He is a devout mem-
ber of St. Joseph's Catholic church, and was a
member of the building committee. He is a
member of the Twentieth Century Club and
popular in ah walks of life. He was married
in 1889 to Miss Marie A. Oecntering, a sister of
Rev. J. H. Oechtering of Fort Wayne and a
cousin of Rev. A. B. Oechtering. the revered
pastor of St. Joseph's church. With his es-
timable wife he resides at No. 109 West Third
street.

JOHN F. EBERLEIN.
Mr. John F. Eberlein has been an honored
resident and business man of Mishawaka for
more than a quarter of a century. He is a
native of Bavaria, Germany, and was born
February 3, 1834. He is the son of Leonhard
and Barbara (Memeyen Eberlein. and both
were well known. Mr. Eberlein was educated
at home and afterward learned the trade of a
blacksmith. At twenty-one he came to Ameri-
ca and located for a time at Detroit, Mich.
He then went to Frazier, where he worked at
his trade for twelve years, and four years was
in the stove business. In 1872 he went to Cal-
ifornia by way of New York, the West Indies
and the Isthmus, and returned the same year.
He then sold out his business and came to
Mishawaka. Here he bought a store building
which was burned two days later, but this mis-
fortune did not affect him, for he immediately
erected a fine brick structure and commenced
in the dry goods and clothing business. The
store was opened in May. is,;:, by Eberlein,
Knorr & Co., and a year later he sold out to
his partners, and engaged in the stave business

MISHAWAKA.

429

at Woodland, with Lang, Prank & Co., and a
year later sold out to his partners. In 1876
he engaged in the clothing and gents furnish-
ing business in which he has successfully con-

Rome and back through Switzerland and Ger-
many to his old home. He also visited the Paris
Exposition. He is still a man of active and vig-
orous qualities and his foreign travels have
only added to his store of valuable knowledge.
He is an ideal citizen and practical business
man and is honored among men.

DR. J. B. GREENE.

Mishawaka boasts of excellent and success-
ful members of the medical profession, but one
of the most distinguished of the fraternity is
Dr. J. B. Greene, who for thirty-five years has
ably practiced his profession m that city and in
South Bend. Dr. Greene is a native of Ohio,
and was born in Fiemont, May 29, 1843. His
father was John L. Greene, who for many
years was Judge of the Court of Common
Pleas in the Fourth Judicial District of Ohio,
and was also a state senator and United States
commissioner. His mother was Maria R.
(DuComb) Greene, and was of French descent,
and both parents are now deceased. Dr.

JOHN F. EBERLEIN.

tinned under the name of John F. Eberlein &
Co., and has the largest double store in the
city, having in 1888 built a large addition to his
building. Mr. Eberlein is a man of quiet
tastes, but is progressive, broad minded and
public spirited. For six years he was Town
Trustee, and has been prominent in public
affairs. He ably served as Post Master of
Mishawaka for five years, and during his second
year, the office was raised from third to second
class, mainly through his efforts. Mr. Eber-
lein is an extensive traveler in all parts of the
globe, and in 1892, with his wife, who died
October 24, 1900, he made an extended tour of
Europe. In 1899 he started on a tour of the
world which occupied seventeen months. He
visited England, Holland, Germany, and to his
old home in Bavaria. He traveled extensively
in Switzerland and Italy and thence over the
Mediteranean to Egypt. He visited Port Said,
Cairo, Alexandria, making the voyage of the
Nile, and then to the Holy Land, where he
traveled to Jerusalem, Bethleham, Damascus,
Beyruth. He then went to China, Japan.
Manila, Ceylon, and East India and thence to
Turkey, Smyrna. Greece, Athens. He spent
some time at Naples, visiting the volcano of
Vesuvius and theruins of Pompeii, then to

DR. .1. B. GREENE.

Greene received his early education in Fre-
mont, and his father meeting with financial
reverses, the young man at thirteen was thrown
upon his own resources. For three years he
was engaged in the wholesale jewehy business,
and his evenings were devoted to study. In
1863 he enlisted in Company F. Third Ohio
Cavalry, and afterward served as hospital

430

MISHAWAKA.

steward. In 1864 he was acting second as-
sistant surgeon. He was commissioned in
1865 as surgeon of the 13'ith Infantry, (col-
ored), but declined the appointment. He
retired from the service in November and at-
tended the Cleveland Medical College, from
which he graduated in 1867. He came to St.
Joseph County, Indiana, and after practicing
a few months in Woodland, he came to Misha-
waka, and is now one of the oldest practitioners
in this city. He was popular and successful
and in 1874 was nominated for County Recorder.
In 1889 he was appointed medical director o!
the Grand Army of the Republic of Indiana,
and has frequently been chosen as chai.man of
county and congressional conventions In
1890 he graduated from the Royal College of
Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, and is
regarded as a most able physician, particularly
in diseases of the pelvis and abdomen. He
has contributed numerous articles to the
various medical journals, and is a member of
the St. Joseph County and the Indiana State
Medical Societies, and the American Medical
Association, and is an honorary member of the
Illinois. Michigan and Mississippi Valley
Medical Associations, and a Fellow of the
American Electro-Therapeutical Association.
He is the present president of the pension
board of this district, having been appointed
by President McKinley. He is a skillful
surgeon and has been frequently called to
other states for consultation and surgical
operations. He is genial, conscientious, un-
tiring and thorough and these elements have
combined to securing his present high standing
in his profession. Dr. Greene was married in
January, 1868, to Miss Mary E. Hagey, and
his family consists of a son and two daughters,
Philip D., Marie R., and Grace. He is a mem-
ber of the G. A. R., the Masons and the Mac-
cabees. He is eminently progressive and has
won hosts of friends both in his profession and
in the community.

ARCHIBALD G. GRAHAM.
The bar of St. Joseph County has an able and
well known practitioner in Mr. Archibald G.
Graham, of Mishawaka, Ind. Mr. Graham is
a native of Canada and was born on a farm in
Middlesex County. Ontario, September 1. 1S69.
His father was John Graham, a well known
and successful farmer, and his mother was
Rebecca (McClellan) Graham. Mr. Graham
was educated in the public schools and late.-
attended the High school at Glencoe, Ontario,
where he graduated in 1892. He then attended
the Teacher's Institute at Chatham, and when

he had finished there taught school. Mr. Gra-
ham decided upon the profession of law and en-
tered the office formerly of Hatch & Cooley in
Detroit, and while reading with that eminent
firm attended the Detroit College of Law, where
he graduated in July 1896. Mr. Graham then
came to Mishawaka where he established him-
se.if in his profession and has built up a large
clientele. In 1897 he was elected Deputy Prose-
cuting Attorney of St. Joseph County, and in

Alii HIBALD G. GRAHAM.

1899 was elected City Attorney of Mishawaka.
which position he now holds. Mr. Graham
is a man of foiensic ability and well grounded
in the law, and is popular in social and profes-
sional circles. He is a member of the St. Joseph
County Bar Association, also a member of
the Masonic Order, the Knights of Pythias,
Order of the Eastern Star, Modern Samaritans,
Elks, and the Mystic Shrine. Mr. Graham i >
single, and is a member of the Indiana Club
of South Bend, and the 20th Century Club, of
Mishawaka.

JOHN A. McMICHAEL.

Among the leading real estate men in
Mishawaka is Mr. John Alexander McMichael,
who has been an important factor in the
material development of Mishawaka and
vicinity. Mr. McMichael is a native of St.
Joseph County and was born in Harris Town-
ship. September 14, 1846. His father, John
McMichael, is still living in South Bend at the

MISHAWAKA

431

honored age of 88 years, is a native of Penn-
sylvania and came to this section at an early
day and engaged in farming. His mother was
Mary (Levell) McMichael, a native of Ken-
tucky. His grandfather, Alexander Mc-
Michael, was a patriot in the Revolutionary
war. Until he was seven years of age he lived

regarding titles. Mr. McMichael is retiring
and modest and is one of the most courteous
and genial of men. He has ably served the
public, and is a member of the Masonic order.
He was married in 1S71 to Miss A. Evelyn
Norton, a native of Ohio, and has one daughter,
Miss Grace E. McMichael, born while her
parents lived in South Bend. Mr. McMichael
resides in a handsome home at No. 115 West
Third street.

WILLIAM F. MILLER.

Mr. William F. Miller, manager, secretary and
treasurer of the Mishawaka Paper & Pulp Com-
pany, one of the extensive industries in this
city, is a business man of the highest standing
and integrity, and was born in the city of South
Bend, July 16, 1864. He is the son of the late
Hon. William Miller, a pioneer in this section
of the country, and late president of the South
Bend National Bank, and of the Mishawaka
Paper & Pulp Company. His father was a
former Mayor of South Bend, and one of its
most progressive and influential citizens. His
mother was Mary (Groff) Miller. As a boy
young Miller was educated in the public and

JOHN A. M MICHAEL.

on the farm where he was born and then his
parents removed to Mishawaka where he has
since resided with the exception of a short
time spent in Iowa. He received his educa-
tion in the public schools of this city and when
he had completed it entered the office of Col-
fax & Wheeler, and learned the printers' trade.
He followed this, working on leading papers in
Mishawaka, Chicago, Elkhart, Logansport and
South Bend until 1886, when he was appointed
Deputy County Clerk, by his brother, W. C.
McMichael, and in which position he served
eight years, and has also served as a Trustee
of the Town of Mishawaka. He was accounted
one of the most obliging and capable county
officials and retired from the office in 1895 to
engage in his present business. He does a
general real estate, loan, collection and pro-
bate business, does notarial work, etc., and is
widely known and highly esteemed. He is
secretary of the Mishawaka Building and Loan
Association and is one of the best informed
men in the county on real estate values, and
his long career in the County Clerk's office
makes his service valuable in all questions

WILLIAM F. MILLER.

high schools of South Bend, and when he had
completed his education, began actual business
life with the Birdsell Manufacturing Company,
where he remained three years in responsible
positions. He then went to Kansas, locating

432

MISHAWAKA.

at Anthony, where he was engaged in the agri-
cultural implement business for over a year,
when ht returned to South Bend and became
Manager of the South Bend Street Railway
Company. In January 18S7 he became Superin-
tendent of the Mishawaka Pulp Company's mill
in this city, and in 1S97 became manager and
secretary and treasurer of the Mishawaka Paper
A: Pulp Company, which office he now holds.
Mr. Miller is a careful business man and under
his direction the company has largely extended
its output and business. The company manu-
factures a high grade of manilla butcher's pa-
per, and the factory is modernly equipped and
5ives employment to forty persons. Mr. Millet-
is widely known and popular in both business
and social circles. He was married in 1885 to
Miss L-i/J-ie Holloway of South Bend, and with
his estimable wife and two children, Anna L.
age 14, ;.Dd Carlton H. age 12, resides in a
handsome home at No. 911 West Second stre?t.

JOHN J. SCHINDLEK.
Among the successful business men of Mis.i-
awaka is Mr. John J. Schindler, who for forty

JOHN .1. SCHINDLER.

years has been a resident of that city. Mr.
Schindler was born at Buffalo, N. Y., February
11. 1851. His father was Mr. Andrew Schind-
ler, and his mother Rosa (Kuhn) Schindler.
As a boy he attended school at St. Joseph's
Academy in Buffalo, and when he was but

twelve years of age he came to Mishawaka,
where his father was later engaged in the
hotel and grocery business. Young Schindler
learned the trade of a merchant miller, with
his uncles Kuhn Bros., who built the St. Joseph
Mills, and later was associated in the owner-
ship of this mill with his brother William N.
Schindler. In 1879 Mr. Schindler succeeded
to the grocery and hotel business of his father,
which he conducted until 1887. In 1S76 he
was appointed a notary and conveyancer, and
in 1S80 was made a pension attorney. Mr.
Schindler has a handsomely appointed office
at No. 217 South Main street, where he con
aucts a general insurance, steamship, loan
and real estate business. He represents the
largest line of first class insurance companies
of any agency in Northern Indiana. Among
the many companies are: The Sun, of London;
Caledonian, of Scotland; Aetna, of Hartford:
Continental, of New York; the Delaware, the
Girard and Fire Association, of Philadelphia;
the Glens Falls, New York; Hanover and
Germania, of New York; the Liverpool. London
& Globe, the London Assurance, the Manches-
ter, the Phoenix, the Royal, of England; North
German, of Hamburg, Traders of Chicago; the
Metropolitan Plate Glass of New York; the
Hartford Steam Boiler of Hartford; the
London Guarantee and Accident of England,
and many others. He also furnishes passage
tickets for the following steamship lines:
American, Anchor, North German Lloyd.
Royal Netherlands, Red Star. White Star.
Hamburg American and French lines. He
issues letters of credit, drafts and money or-
ders on all points in Europe, Asia and Africa.
Mr. Schindler has served as Township Trustee
and councilman. He is secretary of Branch
496, C. K. A., and secretary and treasurer of
the St. Joseph's Catholic church. Mr. Schindler
has been twice married. In 1878 he was mar-
ried to Miss Christiana Fierstos, who died, and
in 1896 he was married to Miss Mena Fierstos.
a sister of his first wife, and resides in a
handsome home at No. 217 South Main street.

O. E. LANG.

One of Mishawaka's successful business men.
and thoroughly public spirited citizens, is Mr.
0. E. Lang, senior member of the widely known
firm of 0. E. Lang & Co., dealers in hardware,
stoves, etc., Nos. 109-111 East Second street.
Mr. Lang is a native of Penn Township and
was born on a farm near this city April 17,
1858. His father, Frederick Lang, was one of
our most successful business men for many

MISHAWAKA

433

years, and his mother was Ernestina (Frank)
Lang, a native of Beaver County. Pa. Both
parents are now deceased. When young Lang
was twelve years of age his parents removed
to Mishawaka, his father being a member Df
the firm of Lang and Frank. He was educated

for a number of years. Mr. Clark was born
in White Pigeon, Mich., July 29, 1864, and is a
son of William Monroe Clark, the president and
managing head of the bank, and Myra C.
(Loring) Clark. When he was but one year
old his parents removed to Mishawaka and
here the young man was reared. He attended
the public and high schools of this city, and
later was a student at Wabash College. On
leaving college he entered the bank of Clark
& Whitson, and has been connected with that
institution for about sixteen years. He is a
careful and progressive business man, and a
prompt and able official of the bank which is
the oldest in the city and conducts a large
business. Mr. Clark was married December
31, 1889, to Miss Jessie E. Price, of Souta
Bend, and has a family of two interesting boys.
He is popular in the community and in the
social circles of the city, and is a member of
the Twentieth Century Club, the K. O. T. M..
and the Phi Delta Theta fraternity. His
pleasant home is located at No. 224 East
Fourth street.

ED. M. ANDERS.
One or the successful business men of Misha-
awaka is Ed. M. Anders manager of the Mish-

O. E. LANG.

in the public schools of this city and then en-
gaged in the lumber business with his father.
In 1S86 he bought an interest in the hardware
business with John Uline, the firm becoming
0. E. Lang & Co. In 1S90 Mr. H. C. Eggleston
purchased an interest in the business, Mr. Uline
retiring. The firm has the largest and finest,
store in the city in this line and conducts a
large and highly successful business. Mr.
Lang is a business man of high standing and in-
tegrity and is popular in business and social
circles. He served as Township Trustee five
years and also as Town Clerk. He was mar-
ried in 18S6 to Miss Martha Booth of Misha-
waka, and has two children, Louis and Helen,
whose ages are six and four respectively. Mr.
Lang resides with his estimable wife and fam-
ily in a pretty home at No. 421 East Second
street.

EDWIN L. CLARK.
Mr. Edwin Loring Clark, who is the Cashier ED- M- ANDEKS-

of the Clark & Whitson Bank, of Mishawaka. waka Lumber Yard, one of the large enter-

which has been in successful operation since prises of the city. Mr. Anders comes of a

1866, is one of the prominent young men of family highly prominent in this section of the

that city, and has acted as cashier of the bank State He was born in Clay Township, St.

434

MISHAWAKA.

Joseph < ounty. May 26, 1868. His father, Philiu
W. Anders, was a progressive farmer of the St.
Joe Valley, and his mother was Elizabeth
(Kiplinge) ) Anders. Young Anders was brought
up on the home farm and had all of the advan-
tages of a good education, and besides the dis-
trict schools attended the Northern Indiana
College at Vaipairise, and then took a teachers'
course at the Strife Normal School at Terre
Haute. He is an eypert accountant having
taken a F.'jccjal course in this line. For four
years h>^ was flagged in teaching and then
entered the office of the South Bend Lumber
Company ay hook Keeper and learned every ;' -
tail of !he Inmhci lusiness. Five years ago he
was made manager of the Mishawaka Lumber
Yard, a branch of the Indiana Lumber Company
of South Bend, and has since conducted and
extended that business. He is an energetic
and i:>ost progressive business man of the high-
est integrity. Mr. Anders is a member of St.
Joseph Lodge, No. 45, A. F. & A. M.. of South
Bend. He was married in 1889 to Miss Annette
Honer, of South Bend, and resides in a pretty
home at No. 40S North St. Louis street, South
Bend.

DR. JAMES F. GRIMES.
Dr. James F. Grimes of Mishawaka, is one of
the oldest practicing physicians in St. Joseph

County, Maryland. April 13. 1825. His father.
James Grimes, was a farmer, and his mother
was Rebecca (Ott) Grimes. His father was a
lieutenant in the second war with England in
1812-15. Until he was eight years of age. Dr.
Grimes resided in Frederick County, when his
parents removed to Seneca, Seneca County,
Ohio, and his father engaged in faiming near
Tiffin. Young Grimes attended the country
and public schools and secured an excellent
education. In 1848 he came to South Bend
and taught school in the old Seminary. While
teaching, he read medicine with Dr. Ames, one
of South Bend's first physicians. In 1851 he
returned to Ohio, and in 1852 took a course at
the Eclectic Medical College at Cincinnati,
where he graduated in 1853. Finding Misha-
waka then in need of a physician he came
here where he has since lived and practiced his
piofession. Mishawaka at that time had but
few people and business was conducted by
dicker and barter, and his early years were
full of hard work with small remuneration. In
1S46 Dr. Grimes was married to Miss Caroline
E. Harris, and this estimable lady, who is still
living, shared all of his early hardships and
struggles. They celebrated their golden

wedding anniversary, five years ago, and are
one of two couples now living, who came to
Mishawaka in the early days. Dr. Grimes
rode horseback thiough St. Joseph and Elk-
hart counties in those days ministering to the
needy and sick, and rarely receiving pay for
his services. He invested in property in the
early days, and at one time owned 650 acres
of land near Mishawaka. He has never held
public office, except town trustee, although
many times solicited. He formerly was a
Whig, and cast his first vote for General Win-
field Scott, but has been a staunch Republican
since the organization of that party. His
family consists of three daughters. Mrs. Re-
becca E. Wilklow. Mrs. Harriet E. Bingham
and Mrs. Mary Bostwick. His son John H.
Grimes died May 25. 1895, leaving a wife and
two children, and his wife is now a teacher in
the schools of Mishawaka. Dr. Grimes resides
at No. 304 East Second street.

ANTHONY HERZOG.

Jilt. JAMES F. GRIMES.

and has resided in Mishawaka for nearly half
County, and one of the most highly esteemed,
a century. Dr. Grimes was born in Frederick

Mr. Anthony Herzog. the widely known and
artistic merchant tailor at No. 105 East Second
street, Mishawaka, is a gentleman who has won
business success by his own efforts and abil-
ity. Mr. Herzog is a native of Germany, and
was born September 7. 1841. He is the son of
Sebastian Herzog and Elizabeth fKastuer)

MISHAWAKA

135

Herzog. The young man received his educa-
tion in the excellent schools of his native land,
and when he gave up school life, learned the
tailors trade. This he learned at Rastadt, a
fortified military town occupied by German and
Austrian troops. He learned every branch of
the trade including fine uniform tailoring.
When he was twenty-four years of age he came

circles, and is a member of the Odd Fellows,
Knights of Pythias, and the Maccabees.

DR. WILLIAM FIELD WOOD.

Dr. William Field Wood, of Mishawaka, was
born at Madoc, Ontario, June 3, 1S67. His father
was Alpheus Field Wood, who was for man/
years connected with the Dominion Govern-
ment under the late Sir John Macdonald. For
twenty years he served as Government Valua-
tor of the Railway and Canal Department,
and he was in the Provincial Government of
Ontario as a member of the legislative assem-
bly for twelve years. His mother, Eliza Ann
(Ross) Wood, a most refined and cultured lady.
when a small boy Dr. Wood was sent to college
and has a fine education. He attended Upper
Canada College at Toronto, a government
school modelled after Rugby College, England,
where he was prepared for University College,
Toronto, and where he entered an arts course.
Having a desire for a professional career he
entered the Medical Faculty of the University
of McGill College at Montreal, where he studied
one year, when he went abroad and studied
three semesters under the direction of the Con-

ANTIIONY HERZOG.

to America and direct to Mishawaka, and then
tc South Bend where he worked for Moses and
Meyer Livingston. He then went East, work-
ing at his trade in different cities, and in 1869
returned to South Bend, and a year later went
to New Carlisle, Ind., where he remained about
twenty years. He then went to Waterloo,
Indiana, and worked at the tailoring business
seven years, and in 1S93 returned to this city
and started in the tailoring business on his
own account. Mr. Herzog occupies one entire
floor, and carries a large stock of fine cloths,
cassimeres, suitings, etc. He is an expert
cutter and employs the most skilled garment
workers, and turns out the best work, doing a
large business. Mr. Herzog is a courteous
gentleman who is held in high esteem by all
who know him. He has been twice married.
In 1876 he was married to Miss Rosa Sant-
meier, who died in Golden, Col., in 1885. He
was again married in 1896 to Miss Lou Friend,
and resides at No. 220 North Main street. Mr.
Herzog is prominent in social and fraternal

DR. WILLIAM FIELD WOOD.

joint Examination Board of Great Britain, at
the Royal University at Berlin. It is worthy
of mention that Dr. Wood resided in Germany
during the ninety days reign of the late Em-
peror Frederick, and therefore saw the throne

430

MISHAWAKA.

occupied by three emperors. He returned home
and attended three sessions at the Medical
Faculty of Queen's University at Kingston,
Ontario, where he graduated in 1891. In Nov-
ember of that year Dr. Wood came to Misha-
waka and began his practice and has been most
successful. He was married in 1890 to Miss
Mina A. H. McKinnon, a daughter of David
McKinnon. a distinguished barrister of Hamil
ton, Ontario, who died in Mishawaka in 1893.
and subsequently he married Miss Mary Ra-
domska of this city. With his family he re-
sides at No. 113 East Third street. Dr. Wood
is a member of the Landsmannscraft Norman-
nia, the most ancient and distinguished corps
of Berlin University, and an elder of the Zeta
Psi fraternity, an exclusive organization which
has existed for sixty years among the greater
colleges of this Continent. He is also associa-
ted with the American Medical Association,
and is a member of the state and county medi-
cal societies. Through much travel Dr. Wood
has developed a liberal education and is count-
ed a public spirited citizen who is interested
in the material progress of the city of his
adoption.

department, and has made a thorough study of
hydraulics and its application. He is a popular
official and a public spirited citizen. He is
a member of Mishawaka Council, No. 19. R. &
S. M. Mr. Waterman was married August 16,

H. BOWBN WATERMAN.

Mr. H. Bowen Waterman. Superintendent of
the Water Works Department of the City of
Mishawaka, is an official whose ability and
competency is well known, anu who has won
the esteem of every citizen by his economical
conduct of the important and exacting depart-
ment under his charge. Mr. Waterman is a
native of Illinois, and was born in the City of
Aurora. February 6, 1857. His father was
Hiram Waterman, who was successfully en-
gaged in farming in that locality, and his
mother was Mary (Porter') Waterman. Young
Waterman was educated in the district schools
in the vicinity of his home, and at the public
schools in Aurora. 111., and later took a business
course at the Normal School at Valparaiso.
Ind. When he had finished his education he
became a commercial traveler ana continued in
that line for nineteen years, the last thirteen
of which he was with the Perkins Windmill
Company of this city. On August 15. 1899.
Mr. Waterman was appointed by the Common
Council of Mishawaka. as Superintendent of
the Water Works Department, and at the ex-
piration of his first term was reappointed. Dur-
ing his regime many improvements and ex-
tensions have been made, and today the service
is complete, uniform and thoroughly up-to-
date. Mr. Waterman is a hard worker and
devotes his entire time to the business of his

H. BOWES WATERMAN

1898, to Miss Minnie Boggs, of Peru, Ind., and
with his estimable wife resides in a pretty
home at No. Ill South H.ll street.

G. ALBERT MAURER.

Mr. G. Albert Maurer, manager ot the Mish-
awaka office of the South Bend Tribune, is a
native of South Bend, and was born in that
city, December 10, 1869. His father, Fred
Maurer, was a native of Germany, and his
mother. Mary (Steirling) Maurer. was a native
of the Buckeye State. When but eight years
of age his parents removed to Laporte, Ind.,
and there young Maui er was reared and re-
ceived his education in the public schools. At
the close of his school days he learned the
printer's trade, with Mr. A. Beal ot tne La-
porte Herald, and in 1890 went to Michigan
City, where he was connected with the Dis-
patch, and then came to Mishawaka where he
was connected for a short time with the Dem-
ocrat, in 1891 he went to South Bend where
he was employed seven yea s in the mechanical
department of the Tribune. In January, 1899,
he returned to Mishawaka as manager of the

MISHAWAKA.

437

South Bend Tribune office Branch, ana has
since remained here, and has added largely to
the prestige of the paper and extended its in-
fluence in every legitimate way. Mr. Maurer
handles the correspondence, circulation and ad-

tended the public schools here and, later the
High School. When he had completed his edu-
cation he entered the office of the Mishawaka
Enterprise where he did newspaper work and
learned the printer's trade. In 1885 Mr. Wood
went to California, and was engaged for over
two years in newspaper work on The Salano
Republican, at Suisun City. He then went to
Los Angeles, and then to San Francisco and
Oakland. He remained at newspaper work in
Oakland, for about two years, being employed
on the Times and Enquirer, then passed the
civil service examination and entered the
postal service in that city. He next went to
Santa Cruz where he was engaged in news-
paper work, and where he bought the East
Santa Cruz Herald. After a year he sold his
interest in the paper and returned to Oakland,
and in 1890 returned to Mishawaka. For a
time he was on the Enterprise and then took
charge of the South Bend Post's Mishawaka
branch. He next represented the South Bend
Tribune in Mishawaka. In 1894 he was elec-
ted Justice of the Peace of Penn Township, and
shortly after also engaged in the real estate and
insurance business. In 1898 accompanied by
his mother, he made another trip to California,

&. AIlBEKT MALUKU.

vertising, ana has evinced a most creuuaoie
newspaper genius. Me is a young man oi
auinty, ana possesses to a reniarKaoie aegree
the iacuicy which Mart Twain so aptly ae-
scribes as 'a nose tor news. rie is a

tacile writer ana graceful expressionist ana
enjoys the connaence ana esteem ot an. Mr.
Maurer is a member or the Knights ot Pythias
and the K. O. T. M. He takes much interest
in musical matters and is a memuer or the
Amphion Male Quartette of the Metnodist
Episcopal church. Mr. Maurer was mariiea
in 1S94 to Miss L*da Nettleton, a daughter of
Mr. A. K. Nettleton of Mishawaka, and with
his estimable wife and live-year-old son,
Llewellyn, resides in a cosy house on West
Joseph street.

JOHN A. WOOD.

Mr. John A. Wood, Justice of the Peace, at
Mishawaka, is a young man of rare ability and
widely known. Mr. Wood is a native of this
city, and was born here May 30, 1862. His
father, Silas F. Wood was a well known con-
tractor and builder heie, and his mother was
Nancy (.McKnight) Wood. As a boy, he at-

JOHK A. WOOD.

returning to Mishawaka shortly after. In 1898
he was re-elected Justice of the Peace, which
position he now holds, and is also Deputy As-
sessor of Penn Township, to which place he
was appointed in 1895. Mr. Wood is a man of

i:;s

MISHAWAKA.

ability and high standing and highly esteemed.
He is popular in social circles and is secretary
ot Monitor Lodge. No. 2S6. I. O. O. F., Scribe
01' Mishawaka Encampment. No. 98, I. O. O. F..
Record Keeper of Mishawaka Tent. No. 12. K.
O. T. M., and Clerk of Enterprise Camp. No
46, Woodmen of the World.

CHRISTIAN WAMBACH.
Mr. Christian Wambach, the successful
dealer in boots and shoes and gents furnishing

I IIKIM 1 \N VVAM1SAI II.

goods at No I i i Smith .Main street, is a popular
merchant and one who has won success by
fully deserving it. He is a native oi Germany
ana was born at Hesstu. P.ussia. March 27,
io46. His lather, August Wambach, was a
forester in mat country and had in ms keep
ing large government reservations. His mothei
was Elizabeth (Kileanj Wambach. Until he
was fourti en y< ars of age he resided in his
native land, and then came to America, Locat-
ing in Tiiimuull County, Oh.o. Mr. Wambach
spent nearly four years and learned the shoe
maker's trade and became an expert in his liue.
He went to Elkhart where he remained two
years and m 1S71 came to Mishawaka, where
lie worked at his trade two yea.s and in Is,::
started in his present business in wnicn he has
been most successful. He nas a large store
and carries a nice stock of boots, snoes. rub-
oers and slippers, and also a line of gent's
furnishings. Mr. Wambacn is a careful and

honest business man who is esteemed by all.
He was ma.ried in 1868 to Miss Margaret Diel
maiiii, and he and his estimable wife have
been members of the German Lutheran church
for many years.

SAMUEL E. CARD.

Mr. Samuel E. Card, the popular and efficient
superintendent of the Electric Lighting Depart-
ment of the city of Mishawaka, is an official
who has won a high place in public esteem
through his able administration of bis exacting
office. Mr. Gard is a native of St. Joseph
County, and was born in Greene Township.
October 23, 1864. His father. Jackson Gard,
v. as a successful farmer in that section, and
his mother was Nancy E. (RudducKt Gard.
1'ntil he had reached his majority young
Gard lived at home and attended the district
schools in the vicinity of his home and assisted
on the farm. In 1885 he came to South Bend
where he attended the public schools, and then
went to Du Pauw Cnive.sity. He returned to
South Bend and was employed by the South
Bend Street Railway Company, and then went
with I lie Smith Bend Electric Company, where
he remained over six years, and made a special

SAMOEL E. i. LRD.

study of electricity and its various forms of ap-
plication for light and power, and is one of the
best read ana most expert electricians in the
state. On June 1, 1899, Mr. Gaul was selected

MISHAWAKA

439

as superintendent of the Electric Ljght Depart-
ment of this city, and under his advice and di-
rection the system has been extended and im-
proved and is now one of the most complete
and economically managed systems 01 munici-
pal lighting in the country. Mr. Gard has made
a scientific study of electric lighting and
thoroughly understands its every detail. In
social and fiaternal circles he holds a high
place. He is worshipful master of St. Joseph
Lodge. No. 45. F. & A. M„ of South Bend, a
member of South Bend Chapter, No. 29, R. A.
M.; Mishawaka Council, No. 19. R. & S. M„
and South Bend Chapter, No. 2, O. E. S. He is
also a member of the Knights of Pythias. Mr.
Gard was married in 188S to Miss Lucinda B.
Borough, and resides in a pretty nome at No.
507 East Second street.

JOHN F. BRESSLER.
Mr. John F. Bressler, one of Mishawaka's
successful young business men, and one of the
popular firm of "Bressler Bros.," whose hand
some shoe store is located at No. 123 Easi
Second street, is a native of St. Joseph County,
and was born in the City of South Bend, Octo-
ber 30, 1S70. Mr. Bressler is a son of Mr.
Daniel Bressler, and Rebecca (Eiler) Bressler.
As a boy he attended the public schools in his

JOHN F. BUESSLER.

native city and had the advantages of a good
education. After he had finished his school-
ing he engaged in the retail grocery business,

and was a member of the well known firm of
Bressler Bros., of South Bend. In October,
1900, the firm opened the handsome store in
this city, over which Mr. Bressler presides. It
is one of the handsomest shoe stores in North-
ern Indiana, and is completely stocked in every
particular. The house does a constantly in-
creasing business. Mr. Bressler is a member
of the Twentieth Century Club and popular in
both business and social circles. He was mar-
ried November 28, 1900, to Miss Katherine M.
Niles, and resides with his cultured wife at No.
410 East Second street.

HARRY L. KIRKWOOD.
Mr Harry L. Kirkwood. proprietor of Misha-
waka's leading market, at No. 108 East Second

HAKKV L. KIRKWOOD.

street, is a native of this city and was born
here July 31, 1873. He is a son of Mr. Henry
Kirkwood, one ot our well known and respected
citizens and of Francis (.Vroman) Kirkwood.
As a boy he received his education in the pub-
lic schools of this city, and when he had com-
pleted his education he was employed by the
Dodge Manufacturing Company. In 1892 he
entered the market of N. B. C. Harris, and two
years later purchased the business which he
has since conducted. His market is centrally
located and is the finest fitted and most com-
pletely stocked in the city. He handles a
choice line of fresh, salt and smoked meats,
sausage, lard, fish, oysters, butter, etc., and his

440

M1SHAWAKA.

trade is among the leading families of the city.
Mr. Kirkwood is single and a young business
man of progressive methods and the highest
standing. He is a member of the Maccabees
and also of the Me. chants' Association, and
highly esteemed by all.

CHARLES S. JOHNSON.
Among the successful business men of
Mishawaka is Mr. Cha:les S. Johnson, pro-

CHAKI.ES S. JOHNSOS.

piietor of the well known market at No. 10'J
South Main street. Mr. Johnson is a native
of Indiana and was born in Wabash County.
June 22. 1S00. His father is Z. M. Jonnson.
the widely known and successful restaurateur
and marketman of South Bend, and his mother.
Sarah (Cable) Johnson. When a boy Mr.
Johnsons pa.ents removed to Buchanan.
Mich., and later to Niles and then to South
Bend. Young Johnson secured his education
in the public schools of these places, com-
pleting it at South Bend. Alter he got out
of school he learned the butcher's trade in his
father's market and became an expert. In
1885 Mr. Johnson went to Wichita, Kansas,
and engaged in the market business, remain-
ing there until 1896 when he returned to South
Bend. He worked in his lather's market a
year, and then established a business of his
own in South Bend, where he remained a year,
when he came to Mishawaka and opened his
present store in 1898. Mr. Johnson has, by

his energy and careful business methods built
up a large trade and one fully deserved. He
is an up-to-date business man and handles the
best of fresh, salt and smoked meats, sau-
sage, lard, fowl and oysters in season. Mr.
Johnson is popular in social circles and is a
member of the A. O. U. W. and Woodmen of
the World. He was married in 1SS0 to Miss
Emma Platner, of South Bend, and with his
estimable wife and three children, Sadie, age
HI. Arthur. 14 and Robert 7, resides at No. 122
West Third street.

JOSEPH DE LORENZI.
Among the business men of Mishawaka is
Mr. Joseph de Lorenzi, the well known jew-
eler at No. 107 East Second street. Mr. de
Lorenzi is a native of Germany, and was born
at Rhine. Prussia. September 8, 1856. His

father, Charles de Lorenzi, was a widely known
and successful hotel keeper, and his mother
was Louise (Rottman) de Lorenzi. The boy
was educated in the schools of his native land,
and when he had concluded his education he
learned the watch-making trade and worked
at it for four years, and then entered the Ger-
man Army where he remained three years
when he was honorably discharged. He con-

JOSEPH DE LOREMZI.

tinued at his trade until 1881 when he decided
to come to America, and came direct to Mish-
awaka, where he has since resided. He en-
tered the jewelry store of Mr. H. D. Higgius

M1SHAWAKA.

441

where he worked continuously until 1890 when
he purchaseu the business of Mr. Higgins and
has since successfully conducted it. His

store is large and nicely fitted and Mr. de
Lorenzi carries a large and finely selected
stock of diamonds, watches, jeweiery, rare
stones, clocks, silverware, bric-a-brac, etc.,
and he does a large business. He is an ex-
pert watchmaker and gives his personal at-
tention to repairing watches and jewelry. He
is popular in social cLcies and is a member of
the Twentieth Century Club, the Maccabees
and the Good Samaritans. Mr. de .Lorenzi
was married in 1883 to Miss Sadie M. Higgins,
daughter of his tormer employer, and has
three children, Joseph, aged 14; Susie, 12, and
Helen, 10, and resides at Main and Third
streets.

extends throughout the entire section of
Northern Indiana. Mr. Kamm has been re-
markably successful in business and is the
owner of considerable real estate in Misha-
waka and the vicinity. He was married in
1869 to Miss Maria Weber, of Toledo, Ohio,
who died December 31, 1871, and on July 28,
1S73, he was married to Miss Josephine Schel-
linger, a sister of his business partner, and
tc them ten children have been born: Laura,

ADULPH KAmm.

One of the most successful and prominent
among the business men of MishawaKa is Mr.
Adolph Kamm, the president of tne well known
namrn & Schellmger Brewing Company. He
is a native of Germany, and was uorn in
Wurtemberg, at Zoebmgen Oberant Elwangen,
June 13, 1842. He is the son of Frank J.
ivamm and Antonia Maria (Wurstnerj Kamm.
Mr. Kamm's father came to America in 1848
and located in Fryburg, Auglaize County, Ohio.
Here young Kamm resided until he was six-
teen years ot age when he staited in life tor
himself. His first attempt was m a brewery
at Delphos, O., after wnich ne worked in Fort
Wayne, Ind., and Toleao, O., at tne same busi-
ness. He came to Mishawaka in 1S70, and
formed a partnership with Clemens Dick, and
purchased a small brewery which had been es-
tablished by John Wagner in 1853. He con-
tinued the partneiship tor ten years wnen Mr.
Kamm and his brother-in-law, Micnolas Schel-
linger, purchaseu the interest oi Mr. Dick anu
the firm was changed to Kamm & Schellinger.
Owing to the excellent quality of the product
of the brewery the business increased, the
brewery was enlarged and in 1887 the Kamm
& Schellinger Brewing Company was incorpor-
ated with a capital stock of $65,000.00. Mr.
Kamm has always been an energetic and pro-
gressive business man, and under his
management the fame of the brewery was
extended, and an extensive entei prise built up
from the modest beginning of about 2,000
barrels of beer annually to the present output
of nearly 30,000 barrels per annum. The com-
pany has adopted the name of "Pilsner" for
the excellent quality of beer it produces, and
its trade both for draught and bottled beer

ADOLPn KAMM.

born July 12, 1874; Rudolph, uorn February 2,
1876; Johanna, now Mrs. Frank C. Toepp, of
South Bend, born April 2, 1878; Paulina, born
July 31, 1880; Albin, born December 13, 1882;
Marie, born December 8, 1886; Adolph, Jr.,
bom July 26, 1889; Eugene, born August 11,
1892, but who has since died; Clarence, born
September 20, 1894, and Bernhard, born March
17, 1899. Mr. Rudolph Kamm is associated
with his father in business and is the brew
master of the company.

NICHOLAS SCHELLINGER.

Mr. Nicholas Schellinger, the treasurer of
the Kamm & Schellinger Brewing Company, of
Mishawaka, is a native of Muehlheim, in the
Kingdom of Wurtemburg, Germany, and was
born November 4, 184; . He is the son of
Xaver Schellinger, a well known ana success-
ful miller who afterward came to America and
located at Mishawaka, and Elizabeth (Huber)

442

MISHAWAKA

Schellinger. Mr. Schellinger received his
early training in Germany, out later came to
America and engaged in business. In 1880
Mr. Schellinger became associated with Mr.
Adolph Kamm in the brewing business in
Mishawaka, and in 1SS7 the Kamm & Schel-
linger Brewing Company was incorpoiated

drugs, stationery, wall paper, paints, oils,
wmdow glass, etc., who have the largest double
store in St. Joseph County in this line, at the
corner of West Second and Main streets, with
a large branch drug store at No. 510 North
Bridge street, is a native ot Canada, and was
born at Belleville, Ontario, March 1, 1872.
His father, Edward A. Ostrom, was success-
fully engaged in the commission business, and
his mother was Catherine (Archer) Ostrom.
When but two years of age his parents le-
legiate Institute a. Peterboro. In 1892 he
was engaged in business many years. Here
young Ostrom attended the public schools, and
later attended the Military School at London.
Ontario. He also graduated at the Col-
legiate Institute at Peterboio. In 1892 he
went to Chicago where he was engaged in the
wholesale grocery business with the firm of
Reid, Murdoch & Co.. as assistant tea buyer
for eighteen months, and then traveled on the
road for the firm through Indiana. Janua:y 1,
1899, Mr. Ostrom bought the Wilson interests

NICHOLAS SCHBLLINGElt.

with a capital stock of $65 000.00. Mr. Schel-
linger was made treasurer of the company,
which position he now holds. He is a prac-
tical, straightforward business man. full of
energy and activity and has labored inces-
santly to secure the success and advancement
of the interests of the company with which
he is connected. The plant oi the company
is one of the best and most modernly equipped
in the state of Indiana, ana the product ot
the brewery is popular and in great demand.
Mr. Schellinger is master of every detail of
the large and growing business, and one of
the progressive, but conservative business
men of Mishawaka. Thougn quiet and ietir-
ing in his manner he is well known and enjoys
the esteem of the entire community. He was
married to Miss Amelia Kamm, a daughter of
Frank J. Kamm, and a sister of his business
associate, Mr. Adolph Kamm. and with his
estimable wife and family resides in a hand-
some home on West Second street.

CHARLES A. OSTROM.
Mr. Charles Allen Ostrom, of the firm of
Graham & Ostrom, Mishawaka, dealers in

CHARLES A. OSTKOM.

in the firm of Graham, Wilson & Co., in this
city, and became a partner with Mr. Abner B.
Graham, under the piesent style of firm. Mr.
Ostrom is popular in business and social cir-
cles and is a member of the Indiana Club and
the Twentieth Century Club, and a member of
South Bend Lodge No. 294, F. & A. M., and
Mishawaka Chapter. Mr. Ostrom was mar-

MISHAWAKA

443

fied June 6, 1S99. to Miss May C. Jernegan of
this city, and resides at No. 1003 East Second
street.

ABNER B. GRAHAM.

Mr. Abner B. Graham, senior member of the
popular firm of Graham & Ostrom, druggists,
stationers, and dealers in cigars whose large

paper, paints, oils, and window glass and
have an extensive branch store at No. 510
North Bridge street. The stocks carried are
large and thoroughly representative, and a
specialty is made of compounding physicians
prescriptions and difficult family formulas. Mr.
Graham is popular in social circles and is a
member of the Twentieth Century Club. He
was married in 1897 to Miss Amelia Gitre, of
Detroit, Mich., and with nis estimable wife
resides in South Bend.

ABNEK B. OUAUAM.

and handsome double store is located at the
corner of Second and Main streets, Mishawaka.
is a thoroughly progressive business man and
a public spirited citizen. Mr. Graham is a
native of Canada, and was born at Melbourne,
Ontario, May 1, 1864. His rather, Mr. John
Graham, was a well known and successful
farmer in that section of the Dominion, and
his mother was Rebecca (McClellan) Granam.
Until he was eighteen years of age Mr. Gra-
ham lived at home, and attended the schools
ip the vicinity and then attended the high
school at Giencoe, Ontano, where ne grad-
uated. He next attended the University of
Michigan at Ann Arbor, where he graduated
in pharmacy in 1893, and then went to Detroit.
Mich., where he was engaged two years in a
leading drug store, of that city. in 1895 Mr.
Graham came to Mishawaka and formed the
firm of Graham & ilson, which continued
four years, when Mr. C. A. Ostrom succeeded
Mr. Wilson, under the present style. The
firm carries a large and complete line of wall

JOHN A. GRAHAM.

Mr. John A. Graham, the able and popular
superintendent of the manufacturing plant of
the American Malt Cream & Drug Company
in this city, is a young man widely known
here. Mr. Graham is a Canadian and
was born on a farm near London, Ontario,
January 14, 1872. His father, John G:aham,
was a successful agriculturist in that section,
and his mother was Rebecca (McClellan) Gra-
ham, both highly esteemed people. As a
boy young Graham attended the public schools
and assisted on the farm until he was sixteen
years of age, when he attended the High

JOHN A. GRAHAM.

School at Giencoe, Ontario. After a complete
academic course he started in the drug business
at Giencoe, where he lemained two years,
when he went to London, and was in the same

444

MISHAWAKA

line. Wishing to fit himself in chemistry
and pharmascopie he went to Toronto where
he attended the Ontario College o£ Pharmacy,
graduating in 1895, in a complete course in
chemistry, and after making a special study
of the manufacture of pharmaceutical special-
ties. After graduating he went to G-and
Rapids, Mich., and was two years in the drug
business with F. A. Sanford. He then came
to Mishawaka with the firm of Graham &
Wilson, and remained until the firm of Gra-
ham & Ostrom succeeded. After a short
time he went with the American Malt Cream
and Diug Company, and on January 1, 1900.
was made Superintendent of the model factory
in this city. Mr. Graham is a young man and
a thorough and expert chemist, and under-
stands every detail of the advanced manufac-
ture of that incomparable food — Malt Cream.
Mr. Graham is popular in business and social
circles and is a gentleman of most engaging
peisonality. He was married in 1899 to Miss
Francis Louise Beiger, the daughter of Henry
J. Beiger, of this city.

JOHN A. HERZOG.

Mr. John A. Herzog is a native of Mishawaka
and was reared and educated in that city. His

gaged in the boot and shoe business in this
city, and who is still living in honored old age.
His mother is Balbina (Kotz) Herzog, who
was born at Oberamergau, Bavaria, made
famous by its open air productions of the great
Passion Play. Young He.zog was educated
in St. Joseph's school where he graduated. He
was then employed ior a time with the Dodge
Manufacturing Company, and when fifteen
years old entered the store with his father,
where he remained until 1899 when he pur-
chased the business from his father and has
since conducted it. The store at No. 116 East
Second street has one of the handsomest
fionts in the state, is nicely fitted and Mr. Her-
zog carries a fine and complete line of ladies',
misses, children and gentlemen s boots and
shoes. He also carries a fine line of up-to-
date haberdashery, umbrellas, hats, jewelry,
etc. His trade is large and his patrons in-
clude the leading people of Mishawaka and
vicinity. For four terms he served Mishawa-
ka as town clerk and in 1898 was a candidate
for county clerk. He is secretary of the Mish-
awaka Merchant's Association and has been
since its organization, in 1899. Mr. Herzog
has traveled extensively, and in August, 1900,
made an extensive European trip. He visited
England, Holland, Belgium, Fiance, Switzer-
land, Italy, Germany, Egypt, Servia, and made
a tour of Palestine and the Holy Land, being-
absent four mouths. Mr. Herzog was mar-
ried in 1891 to Miss Henrietta E. Yenn, a
daughter of ex-County Treasurer yenn, and
has two children, Mildred M. and Fiances E.,
and with his family resides at No. 324 West
Second street.

• IIHIX A. HEKZOG.

father is Mr. August Herzog, a native ot
Baden-Baden, Germany, and came here in
1848, and who until two years ago was en-

HENRY C. EGGLESTON.

Mr. Henry C. Eggleston, junior member ot
the firm of O. E. Lang & Co., hardware mer-
chants of Mishawaka, and the popular and
efficient city clerk of that bustling municipali-
ty, is widely known and highly esteemed. Mr.
Eggleston is a native of Indiana and was born
at Bremen, December 16, 1866. His father is
D. C. Eggleston, a manufacturer of furniture,
and his mother was E. M. (Bascom) Eggleston.
When but a child his parents removed to
Mishawaka, and here he was reared and edu-
cated, and here he has since lived. He re-
ceived his education in the public scnools, and
when he had completed it, started in life as a
clerk in a hardware store. Endowed with
energy and business judgment, and a genial
personality he won fiiends and continued in
the business. In 1890 he was admitted as
junior partner in the widely known firm of O.

MISHAWAKA.

415

E. Lang & Co., the largest and leading house
in its line in Mishawaka. The store on East
Second street is lavge and the firm does an
enormous retail business. In 1899 Mr. Eggle-
ston was elected clerk ot the City of Misha-
waka, and has given to the office a thoroughly

HENRY C. EGGLESTON.

business administiation. and one that has won
the praise of all. Mr. Eggleston is yet single
and is popular in all circles and widely known.
His personality inspires confidence, and his
friendships are lasting. He is a member of
the Twentieth Century Club, and of the
Knights of Pythias.

DODGE MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

Few industries in the United States equal
in magnitude and importance the mammoth
works of the great Dodge Manufacturing Com-
pany, of Mishawaka. the leading engineers,
founders and machinists of the Western con-
tinent. This giant industry found its incep-
tion in 1878, when Wallace H. Dodge com-
menced in a modest frame building, and in a
primitive manner the manufacture of certain
wood hardware specialties of his own inven-
tion and of value to th« manufacturing inter-
ests of the country. The year following he
commenced the manufacture of fine lumber,
and an extensive lumber yard was aaded to
the original plant. In 18S0 the business had
grown to such dimensions that a stock com-

pany was formed and the facilities of the fac-
tory were largely increased. The buildings
were entirely destroyed by fire in 1881, but
were immediately rebuilt and enlarged, and
the company then engaged in the manufacture
of wood pulleys, of special design and merit,
and with an ingenious, practical and valuable
bushing system, which permitted the use of
any pulley for a wide range of shafting. These
pulleys at once became so popular and in such
gieat demand that the wood pulley was made
the main feature of manufacture at this es-
tablishment. This was practically the origin
and inception of the famous Dodge Independ-
ence Wood Split Pulley, with its patent bush-
ing system, now known and in use in every
manufacturing city in the world. In every
respect these pulleys have proven superior to
those of metal construction, and it was not
until the genius and skill of the Dodge Com-
pany produced this Independence Patent
Pulley that they demonstrated beyond all
question their title to supremacy. Chief

among the points of excellence possessed by
these pulleys is the perfect system of inter-
changeable bushings, by which they may be
adjusted to a shaft of any diameter, but there
are other minor points of excellence, which
combined, render them the most valuable of
any similar article now produced. The Dodge
Independence Wood Split Pulleys have been in
successful operation for over eighteen years.
Over 3,000,000 of them are now in practical
operation in the great manufactories of the
world, and the name of "Dodge" has become a
synonym for all that is best and most durable
and satisfactory in the perfect transmission of
power. The "Bushing System," is one of the
most important features of these pulleys, as
their fastenings are always positively reliable
and the strains are always central thus main-
taining perfect uniformity in pulley periphery
and insuring a true running structure. In
addition to these pulleys, and as the natural
outgrowth of their manufacture, the company
has also devised and manufactures the cele-
brated Dodge System of Power Transmission
by Manilla rope. By this system power can
be successfully transmitted from the motor
or "prime mover" to the line or countershafs
at machines over any desired distance and in
any direction, utilizing all tne power without
any practical loss by friction. By this system
factories can be located several thousands of
feet from the steam plant, the dynamo or the
water wheel, and the same amount of power
transmitted as though the buildings were in
immediate connection with tne power station.
For years this plan of distributing power for

446

MISHAWAKA

large manufacturing plants has been an ac-
knowledged success, as it places all the con-
nections under one head and secures the
economical delivery of the power to all de-
partments. This system has been success-
fully applied to main water wheels, and steam
engine connections of every description, and
aside from its practical and economical ad-
ministration, has materially reduced the dan-
gers from fire and consequently resulted in
the reduction of the insuiance risk. Full
lines of power transmitting appliances, fittings
and special applications are manufactured and
furnished by the Dodge Company and fully
cover all kinds of manufacturing plants. The
immense plant of the Dodge Manufacturing

working department will also be erected which
will be a brick building two stories in height
and 150 feet by 65 feet, and the engine room
capacity will be increased by 600 horse power.
Some idea of the magnitude of this plant may
be gained when it is stated that the floor space
of the great factory buildings and warehouses
approximates about twenty acres. There are
over 1,000 feet of lumber sheds connected with
this establishment, ana the lumber yards oc-
cupy about ten acres of ground. The engine
room of the company is one of the finest in
America, and the aggregate boiler capacity is
1,500 horse power, and the main line of shaft-
ing is over 4,000 feet in length. In addition
to the elegance, neatness and artistic finish, is

MAIN OFFICE AND WORK'S OF THE DODGE MANUFACTURING COMPANY. MISHAWAKA.

INDIANA. U. S. A.
Largest Factory in the World exclusively devoted lo the production of Power Trans-

(Ground plant, sixty acres,
mltting Machinery )

Company occupies a tract of land nearly sixty
acres in area, and forty buildings substantially
built of brick and stone, aie required for the
various departments of this mammoth enter-
prise. The immense foundry of the company
has a daily capacity of fifty tons which will tie
increased this year to seventy-five tons. There
will also be erected during the year two large
modern steel buildings, one to be used for
fouudiy purposes and the otner as a machine
shop. Each of these buildings will be ISO
feet long by 125 feet wide, with main central
bays of fifty feet in which will be installed
thirty-five ton electric traveling cranes of
fifty foot span. An extension to the wood

the method of conveying power from the
driver on the engine shaft to the jack shaft,
and secondary transmissions which are driven
by the engine. Over GOO skilled workmen are
employed in the various departments of these
great works, and the entire force of the com-
pany in the various branches and agencies
number about 150 additional. The company
has established branches in Chicago. 111., New
York, Boston. Mass., Cincinnati. O., and At-
lanta, Ga.. and a branch sales office in London,
England. In addition to these branches
agencies has been established in every manu-
facturing center on the civilized globe. The
company has received the highest awards

MISHaWAKA.

447

from the Franklin Institute in 1885, World's
Exposition at New Orleans in 1885, North,
Central and South American Exposition at
New Orleans in 1886, Colonial Indian Exposi-
tion. London in 1886. Cincinnati Centennial in

dent; George Philion, superintendent, and
Charles Endlich, secretary and treasurer. Mr.
M. W. Mix, the president of the company, has
been identified with this great enterprise since
1886. He was general manager in 1894 and
was made president in 1895. Mr. Mix is one
of the most practical and energetic business
men in the West. He is master of every
detail of the mammoth works, and has largely
contributed to its present succes and won-
derful progress.

WILLIAM B. HOSPORD.

Mr. William B. Hosford, vice president of
the Dodge Manufactuiing Company, is one of
the successful and public spirited men of Mish-
awaka. Mr. Hosford is a native of the Buck-
eye state and was born at Oberlin, Ohio.
August 9, 1842. His father was Dr. Elihu
Hosford, a successful practicing physician, and
his mother was Elizabeth Hosford. When he
was but four years of age Mr. Hosford had the
misfortune to loose his mother, and two years
later went with his father to Owego, N. Y.,
where he lived until he was twelve years of

M. W. MIX, PRESIDENT DODGE MFG. CO.

1SSS, American Institute, New York, in 188S
and 1896, World's Exposition, Paris, in 1889,
Mechanics Institute, San Francisco, in 1889,
California State Agricultural Society in 1889,
Massachusetts Charitable Mechanics Associa-
tion, 1890 and 1892, Franklin Institute, 1891.
World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893,
Atlanta Exposition, 1896. Tennessee Centen-
nial. Nashville, in 1897, and others. The com-
pany has furnished many of the largest manu-
factories of the world with their special ma-
chinery for power transmission, and also
furnished the immense power system for the
World's Exposition at Chicago, in 1893, which
required over fifty car loads of materials. They
have also furnished rope transmissions to the
Niagara Falls Paper Company, ihe Chicago
City Railway Company, the Portland and Cape
Elizabeth Railway, and the Pennsylvania
Elevators at Chicago. Mr. Wallace H. Dodge,
the founder of this great enterprise, died in
1894, after witnessing the wonderful success
and expansion of the works he established in
1S78, ard he was an important factor in its
growth and development. The present officers
of the company are: M. W. Mix, president and
general manager; W. B. Hosforu, vice-presi-

WILLIAM B. HOSFORD.

age, when he removed to Burlington, Iowa.
Mr. Hosford received his education at Olivet,
Mich., in the school, now known as the Olivet
College. In 1857 he began lite for himself as
engineer on a Mississippi river steamer, and

448

MISHAWAKA.

continued in that line for three years, when
he became a locomotive engineer on the Chi-
cago, Burlington & Quincy railroad. This po-
sition he resigned to become Master Mechanic
of the Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw railroad, witn
headquarters at Peoria, 111. In 1867 he re-
signed the position and went to Chicago with
his father and became western agent of the Ful-
ler-Warren Co., manufacturers of stoves and
ranges. In 1884 Mr. Hosford came to Misha-
waka as vice president of the Dodge Manufac-
turing Company, which responsible position
he now holds. He is a gentleman of rare
executive and administrative aDility, and
holds a high place in the industrial world. In
social and fraternal life he is most prominent
and is now a member of the Mishawaka Com-
mon Council. He is a Mason and a member
ol Mishawaka Lodge, No. 130, F. & A. M.,
Mishawaka Chapter, No. 83, and Mishawaka
Council, No. 19, and is also Past Eminent Com-
mander of South Bend Commandery. No. 13,
Knights Templar, anu has been worshipful
master of tne Blue Lodge. He is a member
of the Country Club, and the Twentieth Cen-
tury Club. Mr. Hosford was married in 1865
to Miss Emma E. Keener, of Peoria, 111., and
with his estimable wife and family resides in a
charming home at No. 722 East Second street.

lie spirited citizen. In social and fraternal
life he holds a high place. He is a member
of the Twentieth Century Club, of Mishawaka
Lodge, No. 133, F. & A. M., also Mishawaka
Chapter, No. 83, ana of Mishawaka Council,

CHARLES ENDLICH.

Mr. Charles Endlich, secretary and treasurer
of the Dodge Manufacturing Company of
Mishawaka, is one of the best types of an active
and energetic business man. Mr. Endlich
was born in the city of Chicago, January 3,
1859, and his father was Charles Endlich, a
successful brewer, and nis mother W. J.
(Techer) Endlich. When but one year of age
his parents removed to Denver, Col., and when
he was six years old he had the misfortune to
lose his father. In 1866, with his mother, he
went to Reading, Pa., where he was reared
and educated and where he lived until 1879.
He attended the public schools of that city and ■
then took a course at the Reading Business
College, and in 1879 went to Denver, where he
was engaged in mining for two years. In 18S1
he came to Mishawaka and tne following year
became a stockholder of tne Dodge Manufac-
turing Company, and entered the office of the
company where he made himself conversant
with every detail of the great business. In
1899 he was elected secretary and treasurer of
the company which exacting position he has
since filled. Mr. Endlich is widely Known as a
successful business man and a thoroughly pub-

rllAKLES ENDLICH.

No. 19, R. & S. M., and past master of the
lodge, and a past commander of South Bend
Commandery No. 13, Knights Templar. Mr.
Endlich was married in 1898 to Miss Caroline
L. Vollmer, of Philadelphia, Pa., and with his
wife and mother resides at 710 East Second
street.

THE ROPER FURNITURE COMPANY.

One of the leading industrial establishments
in Mishawaka, and one of the largest and best
equipped furniture manufactories in the state
of Indiana, is the extensive plant of the Roper
Furniture Company, which is located at No.
218 West Water street. This mammoth es-
tablishment found its inception in the genius
and business energy of Mr. James A. Roper,
the president and treasurer of the company,
and under whose able management it has at-
tained to its present extensive proportions, and
has acquired its high reputation in all of the
principal cities of the country from Maine to
California. This company was established in
1888 under the management and supervision
of Mr. Roper who had gained wide experience
and practical knowledge of every detail of

MISHAWAKA

41!)

furniture making, by ten years active interest
in the business prior to the organization of
this company. Prom the outset the company
confined its operations to the manufacture of
purely fine furniture. Skilled artists and
designers only were engaged, and the materials
used were the finest and best seasoned hard
woods that could be obtained. The output of
this extensive establishment is limited to the
production of sideboards, dining tables, library
tables, dressers and chiffoniers, and only
exclusive designs are used. In every principal
city of the country the name of "Roper" is

occasions. In addition to the water power,
however, the company has installed two large
engines and boilers with dynamos, motors and
fans, which can instantly be utilized during a
season of high water or otner emergency. The
buildings throughout are supplied with every
modern machine and device adapted to the
business, and are in every respect the best
equipped in the country. Over one hundred
and sixty skilled workmen are employed in
this extensive factory, and in the carving and
ornamental departments artists of known
genius and excellence are engaged. For

una* ,|l' W"^

"iiiiiiiii! \yw

— V1:." '•.!.» u *

PLANT OF THE ROPER FURNITURE COMPANY.

known as a synonym for all that is artistic,
novel, and durable in these special lines of
manufacture, and each succeeding year marks
an extension of trade, and an increase in the
capacity of the works. The present plant
comprises substantial three story buildings
two hundred and fifty feet in front by three
hundred and twenty-five feet in depth, and
with an available floor space of 64,000 square
feet, exclusive of the great dry kilns and the
engine rooms. The dry kilns have a capacity
of 160.000 feet of lumber. The entire plant
is run by the unexcelled water power furnished
by the St. Joseph river at this point, and which
ia unfailingly available except on very rare

beauty of design, excellence of finish and
workmanship, and for the high character and
quality of the materials used in the manufac-
ture of the special lines of furniture produced
at this establishment the Roper Furniture
Company have no superior in the country. The
company deals extensively with the principal
mei chants in all the large cities of the United
States, and its catalogues are the most elab-
orate, extensive and artistic known to the
trade. The officers of the company are:
James A. Roper, president and treasurer; H.
C. Roper, vice-president; Clarence A. Roper,
secretary, and H. D. Roper, L. B. Roper, and
James Gordon Roper. All of these gentle-

450

MISHAWAKA

men are well known in Mishawaka and in the
furniture manufacturing world. Mr. James A.
Roper has been identified with the furniture

and it is mainly through his efforts and influ-
ence that the company has achieved its present
success and prominence. The other officials

1IENHY C. ROI'KR.

HARRY 1). ROI'KR.

C 9

CLARENCE A. HOPER.

business for more than twenty-three years, and
is a recognized authority on artistic furniture
in every section of the country. He is a
business man of progressive ideas, and energy.

JAMES II. ROPEK.

of the company are worthy sons of their
honored father, and they have most actively
contributed to the advancement and progress
of the company.

MISHA WA K A

431

KAMM & SCHELLINGER BREWING
COMPANY.

One of the extensive and important business
enterprises which has contributed to the
material growth and prominence of Mishawaka
is the Kamm & Schellinger Brewing Company,
whose extensive and modernly equipped es-
tablishment is one of the industrial features
of this city. This brewery was established
nearly half a century ago by John Wagner, and
at that time was but a small and primitive
plant. In 1870 the brewery was purchased

and the business continually increased until in
1883 the Kamm & Schellinger Brewing Com-
pany was incorporated with a capital of $65,-
000.00. Adolph Kamm is president of the
company; Nicholas Schellinger, treasurer, and
Laura Kamm, the accomplished daughter of
Mr. Kamm, secietary. Since that time ex-
tensive improvements and additions have been
made, the old buildings entirely remodeled
and reconstructed, and a handsome modern
power house erected. Every modern appliance
adapted for the brewery business nas been

THE KAMM & SCHELLINGER BREWERY.

by Adolph Kamm and Clemens Dick who
came from Toledo, Ohio, and the new firm of
Dick & Kamm immediately enlarged and im-
proved the plant and commenced the manufac-
ture of a superior quality of beer, which at
once became popular and increased in demand.
In 18S0 the senior partner, Mr. Dick, disposed
of his interest and Mr. Kamm associated him-
self with Nicholas Schellinger, his brother-
in-law, and the firm became Kamm & Schel-
linger. Additional improvements were made

installed, and a superior artificial ice plant
with a capacity of eighty-five tons has been
placed in the building. The cellars and vaults
are admirably arranged and the bottling de-
partment is one of the most prefect of its
kind in the state. The present output of the
brewery is about 30,000 barrels, and the de-
mand is constantly increasing and the terri-
tory being extended. The company manufac-
tures the celebrated brand of "Pilsner" beer,
which has become famous throughout South

452

MISHAWAKA.

Bend, Mishawaka, and Northern Indiana and
Michigan. The "Export" beers bottled by
this company take rank witn the first beers
manufactured in America, and are popular
wherever known. Mr. Rudolph Kamm is the
foreman or brew master of the company and
he is regarded as one of the best master
brewers in the state. The offices of the com-
pany are handsomely and luxuriously furnished
and every facility is afforded for the satisfac-
tory transaction of the extensive business.

Altogether the brewery of the Kamm & Schel-
linger Company is one of the best equipped
establishments in the country, and it has be-
come one of the important industrial institu-
tions of Mishawaka. The officers are well
known business men in this city, and have been
identified with its interests for years. They
are well known and highly esteemed in the
community, and their business is conducted
upon the hignest plane of business honor and
progressive enterprise.

* I »

\ti civic" *"

* F1N1S- M,

INDEX.

PORTAGE ROAD.

CONTENTS.

Pioneer Settlers 10

The First White Settlers 12

Alexis Coquillard 12

Col. L. M. Taylor 13

The First Burial 15

The City Cemetery 15

Pioneer Days 15

The Town of St. Joseph 16

The Town of Portage 17

Organization of the County 17

Early Settlers IS

The Black Hawk War 18

Town Organization 19

Incorporated as a City 19

Mayors of South Bend 19

Early Ferries 20

River Navigation 20

The Water Power 21

The Fugitive Slave Case 22

The Press 23

The South Bend Times 25

The South Bend Tribune 25

The South Bend Courier 2G

The Goniec Polski 26

The South Bend Era 26

The Sunday News 27

Banks and Banking 27

The State Bank of Indiana 27

The Bank of the State of Indiana 2S

The First National Bank 28

The South Bend National Bank 2S

The St. Joseph County Savings Bank. .. 29

The Citizens National Bank 29

People's Saving Bank 30

Railroad Facilities 30

The Telegraph 31

Educational 32

The High School 32

The Public Library 33

Religious 35

Methodist 35

Presbyterian 3(1

Reformed Church 37

Episcopal 37

Baptist 37

Christian 37

Evangelical 37

Catholic 38

Other Churches 3S

Hospitals 39

The Bench and Bar 39

The First Court 40

Probate Court 41

The New Court House 41

Common Pleas Court 41

The St. Joseph Bar Association 41

New Association 41

The Post Office 41

Fire Department 42

Police Department 43

The Water Works 43

South Bend Fuel and Gas Company 43

Electric Lighting 45

South Bend in the Rebellion 45

Grand Army of the Republic 46

South Bend in the Early Wars 47

The Indiana Club 47

The Commercial-Athletic Cluti 47

The St. Joseph County Historical Society. . . 47
The Northern Indiana Historical Society... 49

Medical Societies 49

The St. Joseph County Medical Society 49
The St. Joseph Valley Medical Society 49

Hotels 50

The Old St. Joseph Hotel 50

The New Oliver 51

Riverview Cemetei y 53

Fraternal Societies 53

Women's Clubs 53

The Oliver Loving Cup 53

Manufacturers 54

The New City Hall 55

The New City Charter 56

The C.ty Court 56

City Council 57

City Departments 59

City Officers 59

Members of the City Council 60

South Bend of Today 60

A Great City 60

Wonderful Growth 61

Attractions and Improvements 61

The Future 63

University of Notre Dame 65

St. Mary's Academy 79

Biographical 87

Commercial and Industrial 373

Mishawaka 401

LA SALLE BLUFFS, FROM RIVERVIEW AVENUE.

INDEX.

BIOGRAPHICAL.

Adler, Samuel 153

Alward. Hon. George H 244

Anderson, Alfred 303

Anderson, Carl J 303

Anderson, Hon. Andrew 109

Applegate, Samuel T 122

Arnold, Charles W 340

Arnold, Joseph B 131

Aslin, James 322

Austin, Ennis R 285

Badet, Frederick H 115

Baer, Adam 233

Baker, A. D 180

Baker, George W 94

Baker, Lester P 132

Baker, William R 143

Balding, Harvey G 321

Banfll. Rev. Francis M 196

Barber, Dr. Albert E 287

Barker, Wilbur H 20S

Barrett William L 238

Bastian. Otto C 273

Bates, Demas D 140

Beardsley, B. Thomas 323

Beitner, George B 269

Beitner, John D 269

Bender, Samuel 327

Benz, Christian L 365

Berlin, R. T 287

Beyer, Paul 0 290

Bissell, Thelus M 226

Blackstone, Dr. William B 186

Blair, Horatio P 149

Blake, Theo 210

Boeckling, A. R 339

Boone, Prof. William T 392

Borley, Dr. Edgar P 208

Bowers, John W 296

Bowman, David B 253

Bowman, Samuel 198

Bowsher, Delevan D 178

Bowsher, Jay C 162

Bowsher, Nelson P 95

Braunsdorf, Robert L 308

Brick, Hon. A. L 107

Briggs, Eliakim 145

Brown. John M 256

Brownfleld, Hon. John 96

Brugger, William H 315

Bucher, Charles E 315

Bugbee, Almond 104

Bugbee, Willis A 129

Burns, Hon. Albert M 113

Burroughs, Ricketson 259

Buttei worth, Dr. Charles M 251

Calvert, Dr. Robert H 284

Calvert, Joseph N 264

Calvert, William B 109

Campbell, Hon. Marvin 107

Campbell, Myron 250

Camper, James W 213

Canaday, Harry G 337

Cannon, Dr. James H 216

Carlisle, Charles Arthur 120

Cai son, Ed. F 283

Chaffee, Dr. Walter D 221

Chapin, Horatio 88

Chesnutwood, Reese J 154

Chillas, Jacob M 268

Chockelt, Edward A 222

Christman, Henry G 211

Cimmerman, George E 294

Clarke, George E 126

Cleis, John C 210

Colfax. Hon. Schuyler. Jr 258

Colfax, Hon. Schuyler. Sr 246

Collmer, Frederick G 299

Collmer, Otto H 298

Coonley, Charles 144

Corby, Very Rev. William, C. S.C 75

Coquillard, Alexis Jsi*

Coquillard, Benjamin 236

Creed, Jonathan P 130

Creed, Miss Alice M 131

Creviston, Capt. David B 243

Cring, Charies C 392

Crockett, Charles E 280

Crockett, Elmer 242

Crofoot, Charles W 347

Cummins, Dr. David E 124

Cummins, R. F 393

Cunningham, Oliver M 171

Czyzewski, Rev. V 286

Daugherty, Dr. Charles A 108

Davey, Charles A 301

Davies, W. 0 280

Dayton, Dr. Daniel 179

Dean, Dr. Edwin R 174

De Cocker, L. X 341

Def rees, Calvert H 1S3

DeGroot, C. S. C, Rev. John Fiancis 160

Deming, Dwight 146

Denslow, Henry C 309

Dickson. William Bradford 222

Domke, Paul 349

458

INDEX

Donolme. John E 194

Dresden. Henry C 112

Dubail. Edward F 153

DnComb. Courtland P 157

Dugdale. Dr. Richard B 211

Dunbar, Robin E 2U 1

Dunn. B. F 237

Dunnahoo, Frank H 156

DuShane, James 121

Eastman. Dr. Fred P 170

Eastwood. LeRoy 352

Eckler. Henry 297

Eddy, Col. Norman 182

Elder, John 355

Eliel, Leo 144

Ellis, Perkins 181

Ellsworth. Fred D 93

Emich. Frank E 367

i,ngeldrum, Bernard J 299

Engman. Harry A., Jr 199

Ennis. S. S 293

Ernest. Albert 342

Esselstyne. Charles E 399

Evans. Rev. Charles A 365

Fisher, John E 138

Folsom. Charles G 189

Ford. Hon. George 125

Foster. Edson 106

France, Abraham B 164

Francis, Charles A 272

Frazier, Charles H 31S

Freyermuth, Geoi ge W 276

Fromen, Dr. Ernst T 198

Fry, Isaac 235

Fuerbringer. William 344

Fulk, M. Franklin 312

Funk, Hon. Walter A L29

Garceau. George E 313

Garman. George C 331

Geltz, William E 205

Gibson. S. T 288

Ginz. Hon. Henry 161

Gise. Daniel 316

Gish. Walter F 286

Godfrey, Dr. Julia D 219

Goetz, Charles L 269

Gorsuch, Isaac 148

Gorsuch, Wilber E 240

Greene, Daniel 252

Grier. John Allan 282

Gross, David 328

Gurda. John C 345

Hackney. Collins 366

Hager. Dr. Frank D 223

Hager, George L 245

Hager. 1 )r. Walter A 223

Hagerty, Judge John 370

Harris. Albert M 201

Harris. Frederick Allen 368

Harris, Dr. Robert 166

Harrison. Albert D 326

Hartman. John G 191

Hatfield, Cory M 297

Henry, Jacob E 202

Hibberd, Joseph H 118

Hildebrand, Charles D 329

Hildebrand. William C 329

Hill, Dr. Jacob W 156

Hoban. Martin 263

Hoban. Thomas M 332

Hobbick, William H 332

Hodson, Charles G 254

Hodson, George T 212

Hoke. John 1 195

Hoke. William 195

Hollingsworth, W. B 150

Home, Albert J 364

Houlihan. Patrick J 275

Howard, Hon. Timothy E 123

Howell, Claude K 266

Hubbard. Aithur D • 225

Hull, Louis A 172

Humphreys, Dr. Louis 98

Hunker, William J 227

mint, George S -'71

Hunt, William 1 270

Inwood, Augustus H 135

Inwood. Richard 264

Ireland, David A 360

Ireland Warren C 370

Jackson, Charles H 114

Jacobson. John N 333

Johannes, Rev. Peter 218

Johnson. Arthur 34 1

Johnson. Rev. Henry Webb 230

Johnson. Louis H 347

Jones. Aa on 13S

Jones, Nelson L 216

Judie, .lames A 158

Kalczynski, George W. J 298

Kanouse. Louis 317

Keasey, Joseph 362

Keller, Fred W 17:'

Kelley, Albert H 168

Keltner, Arthur G 2SS

Kinney, George J 343

Kerner, .lac ob S 196

Kettring, Dr. Joshua A 356

Kimball, Caleb A 137

Kingsley. William H 201

Kizer, William L 103

Klingel, John 263

Knoblock, John C HO

Knoblock, William . 361

Korpal, Charles V 344

Kreidler, Louis C 294

Kreighbaum. Elder H. W 147

Kucharski, Leo M 325

Kuntsman, Andrew, Sr 246

Kurtz. George A 204

Kuss, Ralph H 292

Lambert, Francis E 160

LaPierre. Dr. Louis S 228

Lauber, Joseph C 336

INDEX

150

Layton. Charles S 310

Layton, Dewey C 310

Lederer. Carl 357

Leeper, Hon. David Rohrer 169

Leeper, Samuel 249

Leibelt. Robert 351

Lent, Dr. Edwin J 228

Leslie, John H 330

Listenberger. Albert 247

Listenberger, Miner E 248

Longley, Hon. William H 125

Lontz, Charles S 281

Lontz, Samuel C 142

Lontz, William H 281

Lotz, Prof. Dumont 159

Loughman, Pi ed J 223

Loughman, George W 127

Loughman. James H 112

Lower, Isaac 302

Lutze, Henry F 338

Lyon, Richard H 279

Mac-Donald, Prank E 300

Mack. William H 175

Mack, William Ill

Madison, James B 366

Mason, James H 352

Matthews. Jonathan 192

Maurer. R. V 278

Mears, Andrew J 274

Meighan, John F 213

Melber, John 349

Meyer, F. J. Lewis 167

Meyer, Godfrey E 254

Miller, Altred B 165

Miller, Benjamin F 188

Miller, David J 331

Miller, Dr. A. G 2S4

Miller, Frederick A 270

Miller, Hon. H. B 353

Miller, Hon. William 148

Miller, Hon. William 234

Miller, Horace G 126

Miller. Isaiah 194

Miller, Joseph 143

Miller, Walter C 325

Miller. William H 136

Mills, Dr. William F 275

Mishler, William C 187

Mohn, Adolf 319

Moon, Calvin 139

Moore, Dr. Edwin P 140

Moore, Leo 328

Morgan. Henry C 357

Momssey, Very Rev. Andrew, C. S. C 76

Mucha. Louis M 321

Mueller, Frederick W 202

Muessel, Ed 292

Muessel. George C 228

Murdock. A. C 304

Mui dock, Rawson H 118

Murphy, C. B 215

Myers, Albert 200

Myler, Robert 362

Mc.

McCarty, Cha:les E 205

McCarty, Charles H 266

McDade, Andrew J 327

McEndarfer. J. E 314

McFarland, Edward 324

Neddo, Ed :;:!4

Nelson, August 348

Nelson, James 350

Newman, Benjamin 1 224

Nicar, Capt. Edwin 1 77

Nicar, Virginius 1 90

Nicely, Frank P 215

Nickel, Louis, Jr 121

Niedbalski, Vincent 345

Noisom, Ole P 318

Ohm. August 221

Oliver, James 99

Oliver. Joseph D 164

Orr, Joseph G 209

Osborne, Dr. George A 137

Paanakker, Rev, H. P 322

Page. Rollo G 191

Parker, Wilson B 229

Parry, W. H 305

Patterson, William M 312

Peltz, Albei t E 333

Perkins, Benj. YV 228

Perkins, Harry 0 277

Perley, Samuel S 158

Perrin, Earl R 316

Peterson, Frank A 333

Phillips. Edward 272

Phillips, William R 317

Place, Dixon W 203

Platz, John 256

Poehlman, Gotf iefl L 193

Post, Charles F 276

Price, Benjamin F 131

Price. Benjamin F„ Sr 119

Raczynski, Rev. E., C. S. C 300

Reamer. Jacob H 197

Reass, John N 323

Reed, Jos. ah P 152

Rennoe. Dr. Callie A 199

Rennoe, William D 296

Rex, Hiram 335

Reynolds, Edward B 178

Reynolds, Hon. John 90

Reynolds, Major Ethan S 91

Richartz, Frederick J 342

Rider. Solon D 220

Roach, Martin J 263

Robert. Joseph E 262

Roberts, Edward G 350

Robinson. .Samuel M 186

Roessler, Charles H 346

Rogers. Joseph M., Jr 282

Rogers, Melbourne S 230

Rulo, Lewis H 320

Rupel, Ernest B 320

Rush, George L 267

Russell, Arthur M 293

Russell. Robert C 289

Rutherford, William A 150

Sack. Dr. John C 253

Sample, A. R 163

400

INDEX.

Sandage, Joshua 354

Sehock, George W 326

Schuell. Charles M 350

Scott, Charles W 295

Seafer, Joseph 352

Selby, George W 291

Sherman, Hugh 337

Shidler, Dr. Clem 219

Shively, Dudley M 128

Shively, Hon. Benjamin F 247

Sibley. Irving A 115

Slick, John Y 265

Slick, Thomas W 224

Smith, Barney C 142

Snell, Harry T 278

Sorin, Very Rev. Edward. C. S. C 73

Staley, James B 185

Stanfield, Edward P 255

Stanfleld, Howard S 114

Stanfield, Hon. Thomas S 87

Stanley, Frank G 330

Staples. Alexander 237

Staples, Ralph. Sr 257

Starr, Charles M 351

Steele, Charles 151

Stockwell, Dr. Sarah F 30S

Stoeckley, Dr. John A 217

Stoll, Hon. John B 184

Stoltz, Dr. Charles 141

Stover, David 249

Studebaker, Henry 241

Studebaker, Hon. Clem 101

Studebaker. J. M 102

Studebaker, Jacob F 166

Studebaker, Peter E 92

Studebaker. Samuel W 217

Stull, Samuel C 361

Sullivan, Joseph M 346

Summers, Gabriel R 152

Talbot, Joseph E 283

Talcott. Thad M., Jr 300

Taylor, Edmund Pitts 358

Taylor, George E 306

Taylor, Lathrop M. (Portrait) 13

Temple, William L 181

Tescher, Frederick 364

Teuscher, Fred 339

Thomas, William N 342

Tipton, Capt. Andrew F 261

Toepp. Frank C 206

Toepp, William 284

Tong, Lucius G 233

Turner, J. L 313

Van den Bosch. James Q. C 117

Vanderhoof, Edward R 174

Varier, Dr. James A 162

Vinson. Charles 214

Vitou, Dr. Henry E 286

Wade, Col. Alfred B 73

Wadhams, Carlton 95

Waidley, George P 273

Waldsmith, George 305

Walter, Cyrus 27S

Walter, W. M 290

Wansbrough, William H 311

Ward, Andrew J 188

Ward, Daniel 363

Ward, Wilbert 267

Warner, Cornelius L 359

Warner, David 359

Warner, Frank B 369

Wegner, Dr. W. G 289

Weiss, Paul 336

Wells, Alva 176

Wells, Elmer E 155

Wenger, Martin L 134

Westervelt, Edmund C 133

Whealey, Robert 274

Wheelock, George H 206

Whitcomb, Leslie C 192

Whitehall, Dr. Samuel 155

Whiteman, George N 25&

Whiteman, William F 260

Wilcox, Prof. Benjamin 175

Wilhelm, John C, Jr 295

Willett, John T 324

Williams, Thomas 302

Wills, Emanuel R 116

Wiltrout, Frank F 314

Winkler, William C 367

Winslow, Frank S 309

Winslow, Henry C 307

Witherill. Major Orlando S 232

Wittner, John W 304

Wolf, George E 240

Woods, Ralph H 334

Woolverton, Jacob 123

Woyahn, Paul 311

Wright, Alexander 355

Wright, Dan. L 328

Wright. William B 203

Yoder, Elmer E 339

Zigler, John W 132

Zipperer. Otto J 348

BUSINESS.

Bowsher, The N. P. Co 390 Folding Paper Box Co., The.

Coquillard Wagon Co., The 389

Ciralsky, A 395

Crescent Fuel & Feed Co., The 395

Ellsworth, John Chess 397

First National Bank, The 373

391

Freyermuth & Maurer 395

Hager Medical Co., The 398

Hoke Manufacturing Co., The 389

Indiana Lumber & Mfg Co 391

Klaer, Otto J 396

INDEX

161

Lontz Bros 399

Malleable Steel Range Mfg. Co.. The 393

Martin & Page 394

Mathews Steam Boiler Works 394

Mistier, Penrotl & Abbott Co., The 394

Muessel Brewing Co., The 388

O'Brien Varnish Co., The 387

Oliver Chilled Plow Works. The 378

Parker & Austin 396

Singer Mtg. Co.. The 380

South Bend Chilled Plow Co 386

South Bend Commercial College 392

South Bend Electric Co 396

South Bend Malleable Iron Co 384

South Bend National Bank 373

South Bend Pulley Co 390

South Bend Spark Arrester Co 394

South Bend Toy Mfg. Co 384

Staley Mfg. Co., The A. C 3S2

Studebaker Bros. Mfg. Co., The 374

Studebaker & Jones 398

St. Joseph County Savings Bank 373

Vanderhoof & Co 395

Wells & Kreighbaum Mfg. Co., The 393

MISHAWAKA.

Mishawaka 401

Its Location 401

Early Settlements 401

Primitive Facilities 402

The Foundation of the City 402

The Iron Works 402

Town Organization 403

Early Residents 404

Substantial Improvements 404

The Iron Works Incorporated 404

First Post Office 404

Construction of the Dam 405

The Fire of 1872 406

Educational 406

The First School House 406

The Growth of the Schools 406

Present Conditions 407

Religious 407

Methodist 407

Baptist 408

Roman Catholic 408

Other Denominations 408

The Press 408

Manufactures 409

Battell Park 410

Railroad Facilities 410

Financial 410

Fraternal Organizations 411

The City of Mishawaka 411

City Council 411

Biographical and Industrial 413

Anders, Ed. M 433

Beatty. Dempster 413

Beatty, E. L 427

Bingham, Hon. E. Volney 416

Bogue, Prof. B. J 426

Bressler. John F 439

Clark, Edwin L 433

Clark, William M 426

De Lorenzi. Joseph 440

Dixon. John 422

Dodge Manufacturing Co., The 445

Dodge, Wallace H 414

Dodge, William W 421

Eberhart, Adolphus 413

Eberhart, John H 416

Eberlein, John F 428

Eggleston, Henry C 444

Endlich, Charles 448

Ferris, Hon. Nelson 423

Fisher, Manuel M 417

Frank, Charles 424

Gard, Samuel E 438

Gaylor, Albert 424

Graham, Abner B 443

Graham, A. G 430

Graham, John A 443

Greene, Dr. J. B 429

Grimes, Dr. James F 434

Herzog, Anthony 431

Herzog, John A 444

Higgins, Henry D 425

Hosford, W. B 447

Johnson, Charles S 440

Kamm, Adolph 441

Kamm & Schellinger Brewing Co 451

Kirkwood, H. L 439

Lang, O. E 432

Maurer. G. Albert 436

McMichael John A 430

Miller. William F 431

Mix, M. W 447

Oechtering. Rev. A. B 418

Ostrom, C. A 442

Quigg, John H 419

Roper Furniture Co.. The 448

Roper, James A 420

Roper, Henry C 450

Roper, Clarence A 450

Roper, Harry D 450

Roper, James G 450

Schellinger, Nicholas 441

Schindler. John J 432

Schindler. William M 428

Wambach, Christian 438

Waterman, H. Bowen 436

Wood, John A 437

Wood, Dr. William Field 435

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