Special scientific report

SEA LAMPREY SPAWNING RUNS
IN THE GREAT LAKES 1951

SPECIAL SCIENTIFIC REPORT: FISHERIES No. 68

Marine Biological Laboratory
MAY15 1952

WOODS HOLE, MASS.

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE

SEA LAMPREY SPAWNING RUNS
THE GREAT LAKES 1951

SPECIAL SCIENTIFIC REPORT: FISHERIES Na 68

Marine Biological Laboratory

L I B R yi. :R -ST

MAY15 1952

WOODS HOLE, MASS.

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE

Explanatory Note

The series embodies results of investigations ^ usually of
restricted scope, intended to aid or direct management or
utilization practices and as guides for administrative or
legislative actioHo It is issued in limited quantities Tor the
official use of Federal, State or cooperating agencies and in
processed form for economy and to avoid delay in publication.

Washington, Do C<
March 1952

Special Scient,ific Repori. - Fisheries
No. 68

SEA LAMPREY SPACING RUNS IN THE GREAT LAKES, 1951

By

Vernon C. Applegate_, Bernard R, Smith, and
Alb er ton Lo McLain
Fishery Biologists

and

Matt Patterson
Super^i/isor, Comnercial Fishing
Wisconsin Conservation Department

UONTENTc

Page

Installation and operation of sea laxaprey

control structures in 1951 <, . 1

Lake Huron ^ ......... o ......... . 1

Lake Michigan ,,,.........,. U

Lake Superior .,.......,.,. U

Numbers of lampreys taken by control devices It

Relative abundance of sea laimpreys . . . , . 5

Lake Micl'dgan ,.,..,..........,... 5

Lake ijupc'-.^c.'r , ... ^ .,.........,.<, . b

Other species of fish taken in the weirs and traps and

degree of scarring among them, «...,,... 9

Some biological char-acteristics of the sea lamprey runs. . 9
New developments and further evaluation of mechanical

control devices, . , . o . . c 31

Barrier dams. .............. 31

Portable-type weirs and .traps ............ 33

Operating costs in 19pO and 1951™ ..... 33

Literature cited „.,„....,......,..... 36

List of common arid fr-cientlfic names of fishes mentioned

in this report .,.,.,,...... 37

ILXA.iSTRATIOKS

Figure Page

1. Map of upper Gi-eat Lalces showing the location

of sea ianprey contrcl cie:vi(^s£ operated in 1951 2

2. Rate of increase of sea lanp^r-eys in Lalces H''Ji-on

and Michigan as i"if Iecte;d hj -iireir and trap

catches in the Ocqueoc River, P;:'esqu.''^ Isle

Coixatj,, Michigan (LsJ^e Pfjron bas-in.) and Hibbard's

Creek. Door Co"anty, Wisconsin (Lake I,Iichigar>

basin) ........ 7

3. Experimental sea laaiprsy bai'/rier dam in -the Black

Ri.ver, Mackina-ar Co'onty, Miciiigan 32

U. Black River bai-rier dam. '.■:iose--'ap of bai'rier dam
shomng overhanging, o-uc-ved lip of sheet steel
attached to "wall of dam. , 32

$. Portable-type WBir and trap in Carp Creek, Presque
Isle CoTonty, Ifi-chigaii, after inst.allation of
permanent sills, ■'M'ap base, ard abutmenbs of
concrete . . . . <. 3h

6. Diagramatic plans of concrete sills, trap base, and
abutments used to protclde per:ianent base for
poi'table-tj'pe sea lampj'ey weir and trap. . o ..... . 35

Since the inauguration of the sea-lamprey investigations as a

part of the Ser^Jioe 's Great Lakes Fishery Investigations, in October
I9I1.9, consic.erabi'^. prcgr'e-rss has been made axi the long-term prcgr*am
for the d.evelc.pmer_t of methods of suppi'esof-ng or controlling the
pai-asitie sea lamprey. The sea-lamprey investigations may be divided
broadly into the folloiving phases: development and testing of con-
trol devices and procedirr-es, inelioding the acc-umulation of reasonably
exact data on costs of iD.stallation and operation of various struc-
tiiresj exir-ension cf studies on the life history and habits of the sea
lampi'ey -with a view tovra^d detei-mining better the vulnerable stages
of tiie life histo:cyj sunreys of streams to ascertain the distribution
of sea-lamprey runs and the extent of available spamiing grounds; and,
studies of species subject to attacks hj sea lampreys to learn the
incidence of attacks and the effects on abxmdance.

Selected from the pre:;ed±ng investigative program for inclusion
herein az'e summarizations of data collected in 19^1 concerning: a
second yeai' of experimental control operations in Control Zone H-1
(in nort.hem Lak:e H\iron) and in the Wisconsin -maters of Lake Michiganj
abundaiice of sea lampreys in the thi-ee upper lakes; a comparison of
the biological chai'acteristics of the sea-lamprey spatvning runs of
19>1 with these of pi'evious years; and developments and further eval-
uation of mechanical de'/ices for sea-lamprey control.

Similar data for the 19^0 season ar.d information basic to this
report have been presented by Applegate and Smith (19^1).

These particular operations and investigations were conducted as
in the previous year, W3.th the cooperation of the Wisconsin Conserva-
tion Departmenb and the Michigan Department of Conservation.

Installation and operation of sea-lamprey-control structures in 19^1

Lake Huron. — In nort-hera Lake Ku-ron 12 trapping devices "vvere
operatea in," Conti-ol Zone H-1 "srfiich was established in 19^0; 11 of
these sti-uctui-es were operated in the same streams as in the previous
year* (Applegate and Smith, 1951). In addition, a trap was installed
in the bottom compartment of the fish ladder at the paper-mill power
dam on the Cheboygan. River (fig. 1). All installations were the stan-
dard, po;rtable-type sea-lamprey weir and traps with the exception of
the pe:o.nanent"type Ocqueoc Ri.ver installation and the aforementioned
Cheboygan River trap which ivas a de-'rlce manufactured especially to
fib a fish-ladder Gompar-'&ment. Complete runs were captured in all but
tvro streams, and in one of these only a minor escapement occurred. In
the Cheboygan River only a small part of the -bobal run was taken be-,
cause the trap could n.)t be located near the main spill of the water
and consequently the majority of the lampreys were attracted away from
the trap. However j the dam prevented the upstream movement cf the
lampreys not taksn by the trap.

Figure 1. — Map of upper Great Lakes showing the location of sea-lamprey control devices
operated in 1951.

Table 1. — llyiinljc-' of spaTcning-CTin sea lampreys talcen by
control devices during the 1951 season

[Structures listed belotv may be located on map in figure 1]

Stream Number taken

Lake Hui'on tributardesi
(Control Zone H-1)

Car-p Lake River^ Eranet County, Michigan Ij.3 913

Li.ttla Black River 3, Cheboygan County, Mich. 909

Cheboygan Rive^', Cheboygan Coiinty, Mich. 2,368

Elliott Creek, Cheboygan Coui:^ty, Mich 70

Green Creak, Cheboyg.an Coixnty, Mich 78^

Lone Pine Creok, Presque Isle County, Mich 0

Mi.lliga:i Creek, Presque Is3.e Ccimty, Mich 5^7

Cedar Creek, Presque Isle Co^jjity, Mich 0

Grace Harbor Creek, Pi'esque Isle CoTinty, Mich 32

Carp Greek, Presque lole Coanty. Mich 1^ 266

Ocqueoc River, Pr.jsque Isle County, Mich 19,393

Trout River, Fre.'sque Isle County, Mich 1,903

Total, Lake Hiiron. 32, I7I

Lake Michigan tributaries:

Hibbard's Creek, Door County, lis , . 12,6i;0

lily Bay Creek, Door County^ Wis 128

Three Mile Creek, Ke-sra-onee County, Wis 2,l407

Kewaunee River, Kewaunee County, Wis 3, 270

Mishicot River. Msnitowoc County, Wis 21,080

Fischer Creek, MaaitoTroc County, Wis , 3jl4.5>

Total, Lake Mich?.gan. l!.2,980

Lake Superior tributaries;

Pendill > s Crselc, Chj-ppeiva County, Mich 20

Ghocolay River, Ma'rquette County, Mich 3 01

Total, Lai'Te Superior. 321

GRAND TOTAL. 75j,U72

An electromechanical iveir -was i:i£"'oalled below the Ocqueoo Tdver
Trveir and was operated and tested contiiriously for 6 weeks during the
height of the upstream migration of ser. lampreys, l/

The objectives in operating thic Control Zone another yeai' are
sttrnmarized briefly as follo-vTs:

(1) To gain additional experisnos in the operation of this
type of control and to obtain information on ajdmin-
istrative and operationcJ. p:'obleras and costs.

(2) To ascertain further the e/Veots of the prevention of
reproduction by sea lampreys in the streams tributrr;'"
to a limited area of shorel:_."ic .

(3) To continue the development and testing of improvements
in design and construction of meclianical control struc-
tures ; and

(U) To provide sites where adcqr.ate checlcing devices (T/eirs
and traps) were present foi 'costing other equipment,
primarily of an electrical nature.

Lake Michigan. — Six pc)rtable-t3n.)G r/cirs and traps were agaiji in-
stalled and operated by the Wisconsin Conservation Department in
streams tributary to Lalce Llichigan. Eocause of high waters these de-
vices were installed late and conseqv.<:)is.t?^'- some escapement occiirred,
but the majority of the sea lampreyo entsx'ing these streams ivere cap-
tured. Two structures were relocated to eliminate spawning which
occurred in areas below v/eir locationt: used in 1950.

The checking weir and traps luxLv. in the Black River, Mackinaw
County, Michigan, was installed at a :ic?a- location above the barrier
dam in that stream for operation by personnel of the Michigan Depart-
ment of Conservation. The purpose of these structures was to deter-
mine the effectiveness of a special!;''' dojiigned, low-head barrier dam
in blocking upstream movement of spai.rning-run sea lampreys. The oper-
ation of this unit was continuous tiu-cughout the season. Although a
large run entered the river, no lamr)i'c-)7s vrere taken in the checking
weir. The barrier dam was completely effective in blocking the migrants.

Lalce Superior. — In the Lalce Superior basin the weir and trap in
PendiHTs Creek, Chippewa County, viras operated for the second yeai" and
captured the entire run. An electrical fish screen and a portable-type
weir and trap (checking vreir) were operated in the Chocolay River,
Marquette County, Michigan.

Numbers of lampreys talcen by co:-trol devices. — A total of 7i^j^72
spawning-run sea lampreys was captui'Ou in 1951 in 21 control devices.
In nearly all streams, the entire spasming runs ivere captured. Of the

1/a detailed report of the developmeu'; of electrical and electromechan-
ical sea-lanprey-control dev:.ces T.i.11 be presented elsevriiere.

total catchj 32,171 individuals were taken in Control Zone H-1,
I|.2,930 were captured in the Wisconsin control devices, and the remain-
ing 321 lampreys were taken from the two streams tributary to Lake
Superior. Biological data were reviorded for many of these lampreys 5
all individuals were subsequently dcjstroyed. These catches ccre siim-
marized in table 1 iiriiere the jJidividvAi totals by strean and by iaK:e
basin are given.

Relative abundance r.f sea lampreys

Lake Huron. — The sea-lamprey population in northern Lalce Hurori., as
Indicated by the size of the spawnlig runs captured, apparently conbin-
ued to maintain itself at the pealc level of its abundance ior a:tiother
season. The total run in the Ocqueoc River was 19,393 sea lampreys in
the 1951 season as compared to 18,822 in 1?50 and 2l|.,6l4.5 in 19U9. As
in 1950, a considerable number of migi'ants from the adjacent lake ar-ea
was "siphoned-off" by trappijng operations in other streams in the virgin-
ity; this reduced the total catch in the Ocqueoc River to a cer-^-.ain ex-
tent. Consideration of all factors would indicate that, numerically
spealcing, the runs in the three seas./ns were of comparable sise.

Most of the catches in the snail .streams of Control Zone H-l were
considerably less than for the previ.ou3 year. At first thought this de-
crease would seem to indicate a declij.ne in the sea-lamprey population.
Actually, these small catches were the I'esult of the blcoking of the
stream mouths by sand ba::'s sevei-al t?jr.es during the period of upstreejn
migration. High lake levels, ?-ow stream disch.arges, and strong w3.nds
all contributed to unusual bari'ier-ba:'" formations during the 19^1 season.

All available records of spaivirLig runs of sea lampreys into the
streams of northern Lake Huron (Uriited States -viraters) arre assembled in
table 2. Those records for the Ocqucioc River demonstrate the phenomenal
increase in the population in the yea:;'f 19W-i- to 19li.9 and the st!.bsequent
leveljjig-off of that population -when fish stocks in the nci'^/heiT. areas
of the lalce were reduced almost to the point of disappeai'anca (fig. 2).

Lalce Michigan. —In the streams ti'ibutaj:y to noi'thwfistem La.ke Mich-
igan, ~tvelr"~an3~trap catches coutinuec. to ?.'eflect the explosive increase
of the species in these waters. In 19^1, sea-lamprey spaTjning runs in
six Wisconsin streams were nearly thiree times as lai-ge as those dntei--
ir.g the same streams the previous yea::'. In 19^0, I6jli.l0 spawning mi-
grants were taken in six control devices; in 1951^ U2,980 inoAi^-iduals
vrere captured. All available records of spawning runs entering thes'5 six
streams are presented in table 3« The spa'swriing runs captur^sd :ji Hibbards
Creek, Door County, Wisconsin demonstrate most dramatically the enonnous
increase in the nujabers of sea lampreys in the lalce since 191;.'? (babla 3
arid fig. 2).

The data collected in 19^1 give no indication that the sea lamprey
population in Lake Michigan has yet c>tf.ained the peak of its ab-o:adancft,
Maxjjn'om abundance and a leveling-off in tiumbers of the lam-prey popula-
tion in northern Lake Hui-on followed by several years the vix'^mal

Table 2. — Nura'ber of spawxiing-run sea lampreys oaken in 7?eirg and traps
in strsains tributary to Lalce Huron, '~l9^ - '1951

Strean

Year

19hk

19kS

19lt6

1917

-lo;,;!

19U9

19502/

1951

O'-queoc River

1/ 3,366

1/U,603

iAo^OOO

i/i3,ooo

i/2l;,6.U3

13,622

19,393

C.arp Creelc

• • •

2/ 1,617

2/ 2,939

2/ 2,763

1,161

1,266

Trout River

• « •

• • •

1,702

1,903

Grace Harbor Creek

52

32

Cedar Creek

• • •

0

0

Mill'' gaia Creek

700

527

Lone Pine Greek

0

0

Green Creek

l,9l;<

785

E'^liott Creek

266

70

Little Black River

• • 9

9$3

909

Cheboygan River

• * d

• • c

• • w

2,368

1/ Shetter (19U9)s partial capture of run; examination of Shetter's data suggests
~ tloat these catcLes represent about three-quc,rters of the run entc-:ring the stream
each year.

2/ Applegate (1950): data for Ocqueoc River for 19U7 and 19l;3 aa'e estimates based
~ on counts of total number of nests in watershed mth consideration given for

observed sparmji-ng habits a:id sex ratio in those years; other data are based on

entire runs captured in -weirs and traps.

3/ Applegate and Smith (1951): all data based on entire runs captuz'ed in iveirs
~ ajid traps.

000

-

600

-

400

—

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100

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Table 3. — tlumber of spavTning-rua s'iZ. Israpreys talcen in '•^i£f> ^^-

traps in streams tributa:-"/ -'co_ north-western Lal-ce

lEchigan (19ii?~- 1951}

Tear

Stream

19Ub^

19l;6

I9U7

19.'+6

I9ij.9

19<0

193'1

Hibbard Greek

1/25

125

^96

S^9

1.579

5, 1' 22

12s6L.O

lily Bay Creek

• • •

• • «

0 « e

a A 9

16

128

Three Mile Creek

• • •

• • «

• • •

• 0 •

e • 4

1,051

2,1j.07

Kewaunee River

• • •

• • •

• • •

a • «

I5353

3,270

ICshicot River

• • •

• • «

0 • 0

» e «

7,712

21,080

Fischer Creek

e • •

« • «

81:7

'^s'S't.'

1/ The number of lampreys trapped in 1.9.45 is nc^t the complete laxi. into
~ the streams trapping operations ware intermittent in that year.

disappearance of the lake trout (a preferred prey species) froiT: the com-
mercial fisherj^. Maintenance of the population in Lake Huron at peak
abundance is attributed to the ability of the remaining fish stocks to
support, at least temporarily, the peak lamprey population. Those spe-
cies to which the lamprey has transferred its attentions are currently
suffering a severe decline. This same situation may apply to Lake Mich-
igan.

Lake Superior. — The sea-lamprey population in Lake Superior continues
to increase, A recheck of streams, tributary to the eastern third of
Lake Superior,, in which evidence of spawning activity was noted in 1950
revealed considerable increase in spawning activity in the 1951 seasonj
several streams in which no activity was observed in 1950 contained evi-
dences of spaivning in 1951.2/ The niimber of spavming mLgrants taken in
at least one of the two experimental control structures operated in Lake
Superior tributaries indicates that ■y^rj effective (productive) spax-raing
runs are even now present in the most suitable tributaries! the progeny

2/ A comprehensive report of a siorvey of the streains tributary to the
south shore of Lake Superior which was made in 1950 and 195l is now in
press.

of these runs, when they enter the lake some years hence, will be numer-
ous. Further surveys of tributaries of the lake conducted in 19^1 indi-
cate that extensive^ but as yet unused, spawning grounds of something less
than optimum quality exist for the species at least on the south shore of
the lake. A considerable expansion of the population, therefore, appears
imminent. Adequate warning of the effects of such an expansion upon the
lake trout and other commercially valuable species in the lake may be
found in the present condition of fish stocks in Lakes Huron and Michigan.

Other species of fish taken in weirs and traps
and degree of scarring among them

Counts by species were made of fish entering 10 of the weirs and
traps in Control Zone H-1 and in Pendill's Creek which flows into Lake
Superior. In addition to the sea lampreys captured, a total of 79,091
fish was taken in 10 streams in Control Zone H-I3 307 fish were captured
in Pendill's Creek (table I4) . Data were also collected on the numbers
of lamprey-scarred suckers of several species taken in 7 streams in Zone
H-1 (table 5) . Records of scarring were collected for other food and
game species but these records were generally incomplete or based on too
few individuals to warrant inclusion here.

From the data available it is difficult to say whether the food and
game species are still declining in northwestern Lake Huron. Trap records
indicate a stabilized condiLion might have been reached. 3_/ However, com-
mercial fishermen report that fewer suckers and other food species were
taken in their nets in 19^1 as compared with 1950. Furthermore, the inci-
dence of scarring at least among the suckers, continues to rise. For
example^ in 195l, 3U.6 percent of the suckers entering the Ocqueoc trap,
as well as those collected in o\ir nets, were scarred. This compares with
30.0 percent in 19^0 and 25«5 percent in 19ii9 =

Some biological characteristics of the
sea lamprey runs

Nearly all of the sea lampreys taken in eight streams in Control
Zone H-1 were examined to detennine the sex of the individuals (table 6);
similar records were made for all sea lampreys entering one tributary of
Lake Suoerior, Examination of these data collected in 19^1 indicates
that the sex ratio of entire runs in northern Lake Huron continues to

3/ It might be observed here that any further decline of, for example, the
"suckers below the levels indicated by the weir and trap catches in the pre-
ceding year^ 19^0, would have required the near disappearance of this
species from adjacent areas of the lake; see Applegate and Smith (195l) •

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11

Table 6.- — Sex ratio of sea-latnprey runs in eight trib-gtaries
of nortHem Lalce Huron during 1951 season

Stream

Total
catch

Total for
which sex
detem' ned

Number

of
males

Kuniber

of
females

Ratio
of males
to
females

Trout River, Presque
Isle County

1,903

1,903

l,37i^

528

260:100

OcqueoG River, Presque
Isle County

V^,393

19,322

13,9li9

5,373

26C';100

Carp Creek, Pr-esq\ie
Isle Go-'jnty

1,266

1,266

901

365

21;?: 100

Grace Harbor Creek^

presque Isle County

32

32

2$

7

357:100

Milligan Creek, Presque
Isle Ooiiiity

527

'621

367

160

229:100

Green Creel", Cheboygan
County

785

783

$12

211

271:100

Elliott Greek, Cheboygan
County

70

70

52

18

239:100

Little Black River,
Cheboygaii County

913

913

S\6

268

2lil:100

To sal

2U,889

2li,8l6

17,086

6,930

258:100

12

shift toward a higher percentage of males. The rate of change^ however^
has dimirdshed appreciably from that displayed in the two preceding yeears
This point is illustrated in the following records of the sex ratios of
entire sea-lamprey runs entering tributaries of northern Lake Huron dur-
ing the past 5 years k/t

Sex ratio

19li7o = o . o o l65 males s 100 females

19i;8. ...... o .... - o 169 males s 100 females

19^9.... 211 males ; 100 females

1950.............. 252 males s 100 females

1951=... .^..o 258 males i 100 females

The sex ratio of the run entering Pendill's Creek in the Lake Super-
ior basin was 110 males s 100 females j the run in that stream in 1950
displayed a ratio of 111 males ? 100 females. This proportion of males
to females among the spawning runs appears indicative of a rather re-
cently established population „ Judging from what has occurred among the
sea lampreys in lake Huron^ it is likely that this ratio will shift in-
creasingly in favor of the males if the population increases to the
levels of overabundance attained by the species in Lakes Huron and Mich-
igan « The reasons for these striking shifts in sex ratio with increas-
ing population density are a mystery,

Indiiddual lengths and weights of sea lampreys were recorded accord-
ing to a predetermined sampling schediole from the runs in Carp Creek and
the Ocqueoc Rivers 149.7 percent of the Carp Creek run and 22.0 percent of
the Ocqueoc River run were measured and weighed 'tables 7j 8^ 9s ^1^"^ 10).

The range in length of U,899 migrant sea lampreys, sexes combined^
that were measured in 1951 was 10,7 to 23.7 inches. The range in weight
for the same specimens was 32 to uOO grams (1.1 to lli.l ounces) . The
average size, sexes combined^ differed slightly between the two runs stu-
died. The average total length was l5.8 inches for the Carp Creek indivi-
duals and 16,2 inches for the Ocquecc River sample. The mean weight of
sea lampreys taken in Carp Creek was ll5,6 ^^rams (U.l ounces) while mi-
grants from the Ocqueoc River averai,ed 132.5 grams (Ii.»6 ounces).

Comparison of the preceding averages with similar data collected
since 19U7 shows a definite diminution in the size of mature spawning
migrants in northern Lake Huron tributaries (table 11) , For example^ the

k/ Where data for runs in more than one stream are available in any year^
an average has been obtained for the combined runs.

13

Table 7."-Lengi^

h frequen

;i53 01 se;.

. lampieys

collen-oed.

DjTi Carp Cr

eel-c ana

the Ocqueoc Rive.r, PreLque

Isle GoTino

y, Michigan, in 1951

Midpoint of
len^.h group
(inches )

Carp Greeic

Ocqueoc River

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

ToT.al

10.7

• • •

-

« • e

e 0 «

• • «

.9

• • «

• • «

1

• f e

1

11.1

• • o J

• e e

• 9 «

• • o

* • «

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. 0 . ... I

« • •

• e c

• • e

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• ■ o

» <. <«

1

1

2

.7

• • «

• • a

1

X

.9

• ■ o

• • O

2

• • «

2

12.1

1

J_

2

5

• • •

5

.3

2

• • •

2

1

2

6

.5

1

1

p

li

1

15

.7

1

...

, '^

17

2

19

o9

)•

',■)

6

26

1;

30

13.1

6

2

3

he

12

58

.3

9

12

h$

7

52

.5

19

1

20

62

11

73

.7

12 1 \

.'. S

70

25

9$

.9

15

2

17

92

20

112

ll;.l

13

J

21

125

36

161

21

^ 1

118

hh

162

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162

W;

206

•-7
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162

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123

35

158

15.1

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228

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18

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131

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178

28

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1.0

165

54

219

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36

12

I:.8

121

49

170

.9

11

13

^1

104

I;2

l)i6

16.1

13

7

20

97

U7

llih

.3

12

1

19

116

Uo

156

.5

2C

3

1C7

1.3

150

.7

16

h

20

76

111

117

.9

6

6

l;^

66

33

99

17.1

15'

6

83

38

126

.3

12

2

71

41

112

.5'

Ul

-'

12

82

li6

128

.7

7

li|

49

37

86

.9

3

1.

>^

49

32

81

18.1

U

9

$9

•-,2

91

.3

U

2

6

57

27

81;

.5

li

3

7

61

35

96

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1.

9

k9

21

13

.9

2

£

S

34-

1

25

S9

lU

Table ? (continued)

Midpoint of

Carp Cree

k

Ocqueoc River

leneth eroup

(inches)

Mal(

2S Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

19.1

1

i 3

7

53

25

78

.3

I

1 U

8

26

25

51

.5

t

? 1

6

37

19

56

.7

L 2

3

25

18

li3

.9

• •

k • • o

tt • 9

25

12

37

20.1

? 1

3

19

lii

33

.3

• •

3

3

13

8 •

21

.5

009

2

18

10

28

.7

• •

2

15

7

22

.9

1

2

6

8

m

21.1

• • 0

1

3

5

8

.3

• • «

« • •

1

I4

5

.5

• • •

1

1

2

.7

• OB

2

2

u

.9

■ « •

3

1

li

22.1

• • •

• • «

.3

e • •

.5

• • •

.7

.9

• • •

23.1

• • 0

.3

• • 0

.5

« • •

.7

• • •

1

1

Total

w.

> 18U

629

3,033

1,237

1,270

Mean length

is.t

S 16,2

15.8

16.0

16.6

16.2

Standard

deviation

+ IM

3 + 1.7li

+ 1.70

+ 1.87

+ 1.93

+ 1.91

15

Tabj-e S. — ^Yifeight frequency of sea lamprey.- collect eo. in 0££p G^eek and
the~0cque"oc River ~Fresqtxe Isl^ County, Michigan in 1951

Weight

Carp

Greek

/•

Dcquecc River

1 'rTr.p''*'i;'p ■

(g-.'am.s) Us

Lies Feir

lal

.es Tot;:'2

Mal-;s

Females

Total

30 - 39

1

• «

-

• • a

• • •

• 6 0

ho - h9

3

• •

'."*,

2

7

SO -59

6

2

u

33

'7

1

Uo

60 - 69

27

6

33

122

21

li-U

70 - 19

56

9

65

259

74

333

80 - 89

66

2lj

\ 90

337

87

U2I:.

90 - 99

5U

23

11

373

ni

U8li

100 - 109

53

23

8.:

333

102

435

TLO " 119

39

li

55'

233

85

318

120 - 129

3$

in

ii6

22k

81

305

130 - 139

23

11

3^

165

86

251

]i;0 - lLv9

lU

s

23

135

66

201

150 " 159

13

16

121..

57

181

160 - 169

3

I

t 12

i:.o

50

160

170 - 179

5

e

13

86

60

:iii6

180 - 189

9

c

' lo

100

56

156

19c - 199

1

4

I

1- !-•

70

L9

119

200 - 209

2

i 5

60

U

101

210 " 219

u

■/

' 11

59

33

92

220 - 229

3

■

1,

52

"7

89

250 - 239

9

J 5

38

33

^i

2li.0 - 21^9

i

c

> 6

32

24

5S

25c - 259

2

]

3

28

27

55

260 -- 269

h

• 3

* +

23

13

36

270 - 279

a «

]

1

15

9

24

28c - 289

• •

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L 1

-3-

ri

15

290 - 299

* •

]

L 1

5

5

11

300 - 309

• e 4

• «

• £ 0

2

• • •

2

310 " 319

« «

• ,

3

''-

5

"20 -• :-.29

• • *

, 4

1

• * 0

-1

33c - 339

• • <

• 1

n_

2

3

3hO " 3h$

• «

0

• • •

• • •

350 - 3S9

» • •

« <

. 0

• • •

• • •

360 - 369

> e •

» • <

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• • •

» ■ •

370 - 379

k • •

1 • <

.. ,

1 • • •

« v «

330 - 339

» • «

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390 - 399

» • •

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Uoo - 409

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Total.3 \

4Jt2 :

L8:

I 624

3,033

1237 i U,270
IU6.9 132.5

Mear: -yjeight 11(

3.8 12(

3.:

3 115.6

123.3

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H

O H O O H O CM

CMr^_:^"LAMDr-;CqONpCM

iHHHHrHHrHHCvJ

■-3

-3

rHCMrni_:j\AMDt^coCTsOrHr^
CMOJC^OJCMCMCMCMCMr^fA I

H
CM

•-3

XA O VAIA-LAIA •

iH rH O CO ij\ c:>

rH CM r^_^XAvO I

+3

to

+3
CO

5
<

-3;

vO

CM

fA

•

CM
r-i

H

fA

O

CO

(U

ho

CT3

u
!>

U
O

CO

H
fi3

+^
o

25

Table 11. — Average lengths aiid average weights of samples of

sea lampreys taken in Carp Creek and the Qcqueoc RLver.,

Pre s que Isle County, "^^higan, by years, 19U7-19J1

Stream and year

MaZ

-63

Females

<^cf and ?2

Average

Average

Average

Average

Average

Average

length

weight

length

weight

length

■weight

Carp Creek:

19i;7y

17. U

131.6

17. U

186.6

17..^

• • •

19181/

16.7

« • •

16.9

• • •

16.8

• • «

19U9i/

16.9

• • •

17»U

• « •

17.1

• • »

1950

I6,h

• « •

16,9

* • d

16„5

• • «

1951

15.6

110.8

16.2

128.3

15.8

115.6

Qcqueoc River:

19U7i/

£/l6.2

« • •

i''l6.3

« • «

• e •

o • »

19U9i/

17,0

• • •

17.2

• • •

17.1

« • «

1950

16. U

• • •

16 = 7

• • •

16.5

r • •

1951

16.0

123.3

16.6

m6.9

16.2

132.5

1/ Applegate, 195C.

2/ Sample selective for smaller individuals; see Applegate (1950).

26

Table 12, — Daily minimum, maximum, and mean water temperatures (°F.) and water

gauge readings (feet) fc

r the Ocqueoc River

• (Presque Isle County, Michigan)

ivith mean air

temperature and wind ax.d we

ather records for one looa±xo7.

April 12 ■- August"

6, 1951

Date

Water temperature^:/

Water

0 /

Mea_n air
tempera-

Siqr

Weather

1951

Min,

Max.

Wind

Mean

gauge£/

tare

April 12

iiO

U0.5

Ui.

1.7

ii2,5

Overcast

Rain

Light

13

liO

Jil,0

ii2

2.U

ii3.0

II

Lt. rain

ft

Hi

lo

lil.O

li2

2.8

Lo.o

II

Fair

11

15

Uo

Ui.o

li2

2.5

kl,0

M

Snow

Moderate

16

33

39.5

liO

2.2

38.0

It

II

Li^t

17

39

39.5

liO

1.9

40,0

II

II

11

18

38

38,5

39

1.7

3S.S

II

Fair

II

19

38

39.S

hx

1.6

L;6,0

Ptly. o^cast

II

Calm

20

37

3Q.S

iiO

1.7

h2.S

Clear

II

II

21

37

38.0

39

1.7

y.^s

Overcast

Snow

Light

22

39

39.0

39

1.5

IiJ.O

11

Lt. rain

ft

23

38

UO.O

U2

1.9

hS6

Ptly. o'cast

Fair

Strong

2U

39

iiO.O

lil

1.7

iut.O

II

II

Light

25

Uo

iiO.5

Ul

1.5

i£.v9^

Overcast

Fog

Calm

26

iiO

U2,5

U5

1.7

5o.o

Clear

Fair

Light

27

JiO

ii3.o

U6

1.8

S3S

II

II

If

28

li5

li8.5

52

1.7

71.5

II

II

It

m

li8

50.0

52

1.7

60.5

Ptly. o'cast

11

ft

30

51

53.5

56

1.5

SS.o

Clear

It

Moderate

May 1

S3

SS,S

58

1.5

62. S

Clear

Fair

Light

2

9x

56.0

58

1.5

60. S

Ptly, o'cast

II

II

3

53

51i.o

SS

i.U

50.0

Overcast

Lt. rain

It

U

S3

SS^S

58

1.5

55.0

Clear

Fair

II

c'

S3

55.0

57

1.5

56.5

Overcast

It

Calm

6

S3

ss.s

58

1.5

56.0

Ptly. o'cast

II

Light

7

52

SS-S

S9

1.7

60.5

Clear

II

Moderate

8

S3

Sl.S

62

1.7

67,0

Ptly. o'cast

II

light

9

Sh

57.0

60

1.6

Sk.S

Overcast

It

It

10

S3

56.0

S9

l..)4

iiS.O

Clear

It

"

11

S3

56.0

S9

1.5

53,0

Ptly. o'cast

H

It

12

52

56.0

60

1,5

S2,S

Overcast

II

II

-

13

51

5ii.5

60

1.5

ii7.0

Clear

tl

II

Hi

S3

58,5

Sh

1.5

63.5

Clear

II

II

15

58

61.5

es

1,5

67.5

Ptly. o'cast

tr

Moderate

16

57

59.0

61

1.5

51.5

Overcast

Lt. rain

Calm

17

56

60.0

61i

i.li

h.9.0

Clear

Fair

Light

18

S6

60.5

es

i.li

55.0

Ptly, o'cast

II

It

19

S9

63.5

68

i.ii

66.0

Clear

11

II

20

62

61i.o

66

1.5

64.5

Ptly, o'cast

II

II

21

61

65.5

70

1.5

63.0

II

II

It

22

S9

61.0

63

1.5

50.5

Overcast

II

Calm

27

Table '12, (continued

Date

Water

temperabrjT'sV

Water

Mean air

tempera-

±v:rz-.

tir_ . j_ t

Wind

1551

te-r_.

Mean

Wiir.

SKy weaklier

May 23

57

62.0

67

h9.$

' L/lo<ir

Fair-

Light

2li

60

63.5

67

1.?

66.b

Overcast

(!

!l

25

60

65.0

70

1.6

70.5

Clear

f!

Moderate

26

63

66.5

-L.O

t'i.O

Pt>lyo o'cast

II

li^t

27

63

65.0

o7

J. 6

c-r. ::"

Over:;ast

•'

It

28

62

63.0

6U

1.6

52.0

Overcast Lt. rain

Cfl'iTn

29

60

6Ii.O

68

1.6

ec'.o

Pt'ly. o'cast Fai.x-

Light

30

60

66.0

7i

1.5

6$.0

Clea:r' _

tJ

IT

31

61

65,0

69

1.0

$Q.$

Fcly. o'cast

tl

t(

June 1

61

63.0

65

1.6

Overcast

-

Fai'"

Calm

2

60

62.0

6k

l.£

53.C

«<

It

Moderate

3

60

62.5

6$

1,6

i!

1;

Light

1

4

58

6C.5

63

l.V

k:.^:

-

II

It

5

56

61.5

67

- c

-i-. ■ ^

51.0

G1&9V.

tl

«f

6

58

62.5

67

1.7

5:^.5

1:

•1

tl

7

58

62,$

67

-—• i

50.0

Ptay. 0 ' cast

tl

It

8

59

64.0

69

1.6

51.5

Cle.d::' .

tl

It

9

60

6i.0

62

1.6

17.5

O^i^ercasT.

ft

Calm

10

59

63.5

68

$e.$

Clear

!l

Moderate

IT

57

62.5

68

J. 7

^l.O

n

Ij

Li gilt

12

^9

63.0

67

•

Ptly. o'cast

It

"

13

61

6$.''.

70

1.6

57.5

Ov&rc-ast

II

IJ

"III

60

65.5

71

1.0

53.5

Cle^^r

"

ii

15

61

66.5

72

1 "

61-.5

tl

IJ

tl

16

63

67.5

72

1.6

67. C

"

"

ii

17

65

69.5

71'.

1.6

'■:-| c*
■ — e -.

Hazy 1 "

It

18

67

70.5

7ii

1.7

72.5

n \ V.

tl

19

68

69.0

70

-. •-.

6r:.0

Overcast '.'

Ca'lm

20

67

69,$

72

1.9

l''7 u

If {{ ii

Mcxisrate

21

6U

66.5

69

2,1

60.0

Cle:^::- j "

Light

22

6)4

66.5

69

... ,

57.C

Overc'-ast | I'

fi

23

63

68.0

73

-; P

65.^^

Gleai" "

tl

21;

6^

63.0

71

1.9

4.5

Glc-aJy Raiu

I!

25

63

67.5

72

1,8

Clear Fai v

'A

26

66

67. c

68

• • •

60 0^

... . . -

. 0 .

27

65

69.0

73

1.8

64.0

Clear Fai-.'

Light

28

66

68.0

70

1.9

62.5

0^7 er cast

CI

It

29

6U

68.0

72

1.9

63.0

Cl^aa-

ft

Moderate

30

66

69.$

73

1.9

6,.--

5!

:i

Light

July 1

6^

68.5

72

Clear

Fa,i-.-

Ii.ght

2

6ii

61;. 5

•v^

'^-^

63.5

n

.1

•1

3

6L

66.$

69
i

.1. 8

.^■7.5

ft

fi

n

26

Table

Date

Wat ex

temper

atureV

Water

Mear- air

Weather

Wind

1951

Mir.

Mear.,

Ma;:,

gauge^/

temptira-
toj'e

Sky-

Ju]y k

63

6h,^

66

1.9

5i-.o

Overcast

Lt, rain

Ught

^

61

6i;.0

67

?..l

60.0

Clear

Fair-

:t

6

61

65.5

70

2.1

67.0

ti

It

(I

7

6^

67.0

70

2.1

67,0

Overcast

It

1!

8

66

68,5

71

■?'.., 0

II

It

it

9

67

71.0

75

?:.3

71.0

It

II

It

10

6''

70.0

73

2.0

63,5

It

!l

n

11

66

68.0

70

2.0

57.0

Overcast

Fair

CaJjn

12

66

70,0

7ii

2.0

6l.O

It

It

It

13

66

71.0

76

2.1

(6.0

Clear

II

Light

11;

68

73.5

79

2.1

■;U.5

It

II

Cfl'im

15

70

74.5

79

2.1

73.5

It

II

li^t

16

69

71.5

7k

2.1

99.S

Overcast

tt

n

17

67

71.0

75

2,0

01.5

Clear

It

81

18

69

72.0

75

2.0

69.0

Ptly. 0 ' cast

It

tl

19

66

68,5

71

2.0

61,5

It

It

tl

20

6U

69,0

71

2.2

63.5

Clear

It

II

21

6?

69o0

71

2.2

60 0 5

Overcast

Rain

Strong

22

67

70,5

Ik

2.1

65.5

Ptly. o'cast

Fair

Moderate

23

65

70,5

76

2.1

63,$

Clear

II

light

21;

68

73.0

78

2,1

69.5

II

It

II

25

71

7i;.5

78

2.2

-{^■^^

Ptly. o'cast

It

Moderate

26

73

76,5

80

2.3

7^.5

Clear

II

Light

27

69

71.5

7)4

2.1

60.0

Ptly. o'cast

It

ft

28

68

73.0

78

2.2

6k. 5

Clear

II

II

29

70

7U.0

78

2.2

73.5

Ptly. o'cast

n

II

30

72

7U.5

77

2.2

7U.5

11

It

•1

31

72

75.0

78

2.1

YCO

It

II

II

Aug. 1

67

71.5

?6

2.2

^r-''

Clear

Fair

Moderate

2

69

71.0

7?

2.1

68 a 5

Ptly. 0 ' cast

It

Light

J'

67

70,5

7U

2.3

56.0

«

It

Strong

h

61

68,5

73

2.2

9j,o

ti

tt

Calm

K

65

69.5

7li

2,2

Clear

tt

II

6

67

68.5

70

2.3

6Jl.p

Overcast

tt

Light,

1/ Thermograph station at -vveir

2/ Water-gauge readings are absolute depths in feet across the deck of weir

TaLle 13."

jAStailLation BX'd 'jpei'-ation of five tuiits of e>q?erir-entaJ
control stru'c^ui'3F~'i^~-at9d~in 1950 and 1951 1/

'IW'

i9Fr

Operational -unit

IrJ.-bial I;

i installLation i Annual
acd repa^.r jj operation

Reinstallation
and renair

Annual
operation

I

.1 " Trout River gi-oup

(1 control struct'^-ire)

2 - Ooquuoo - Gai'p Croek g:.-oup

(2 r.r.ntrcl staructuT'e--;)

3 •■ Cheboygan group

(8 oontrcl sti.-'u.ct.ir^es)

U - Gaz-p La>:e Rive::- group
(1 control stn".ctui-e.)

Control Zone R-H.

(12 control stractures )
Sub'-tota-L

S " Pendills Creek gjroup
(1 stinKAvx-s)

2/

- lJ-,721

1,951

17,i;25
529

^1,053
3,172

2,793

82U

7,8ij.2

856

$321
1,096

583
220

2,220
130

Grarid total

(13 control structu;:'e3 )

17, 95U

8,698 2,350

$1,061

2,6l!l

2,260
835

6,797
55i4

7,351

1/ Does net include ccst of engineering supe:.'vision or administrative overhead

2/ Includes $12,800 for construction of perrn>iiient-type Ocqueoc River iveir and
~ traps which -w-as in;? tailed ir-. 19l!.8

30

average, to-'cal length of the runs in Carp Creek has decreased 9 percent
(1,6 inches) from a maximum of 17.1!. inches in 19U7 to 1^.6 inches in
1951. In samples from both Carp Greek and the Ocqueoc River, the aver-
age total length declined betvreen O08 sxid 0.9 inch in the period I9I1.9 to
19.5l-» The average \veight of migrar.ts entering Cai'p Creek has decreased
about 33 percent (approximately 70 g.cmi3) during the ^--year period.

Arjy further decline in the size of mature spawning migrants -will
profoimdly affect any proposed control program based on the operation of
T/eirs and traps. Further reduction of 'tveir screen or grate aperatures
below the l/2-inch spacing now required will create e:5rtremely difficult
operational problems during spring flox.s.

The spaivning runs in Carp Creek and the Ocqueoc River in 19^1 did
not differ in character or in their response to cer-t.ain factors in the
environraent vary from these vane occu.';"::';j.ig in the same str-eans in pru-
vioiis years. Data pertaining to the runt, in these tvro streams in 19^1
are presented in tables 9} 10, and 12; s^jnilar information for the runs
occurring in 1950 has been presented by Applegate and Smith (19^1) and
for the years 19l;7, 19U8, and I9U9 by Applegate (19^0) . Strict compai-i-
sons of the character of the Ocqueoc River run in 19bl in relation to
time of migration and response to variov.s environmental factors should
not be made T/ith those runs of former years. Daily and periodic catches
in this i-iver (as detailed in table IC) were strongly influenced b3- the
operation of an e^rper-imental electromechanical weir and trap located below
the permanent Ocqueoc River installatioxi. Experimentation with this new
de\ace was carried on intermittentlly fi'om May 1 to June l5« During the
periods of effective operation of the eJ.ectromechanical iveir, many or all
lampreys "vvBre blocked below the electrodes and did not enter the traps in
the pe;:Tiianent installation until the ele^jtrical device became 5_noperative .

New developments and further evaluation of mechanical
control devi'c'-fis 5/

Barrier dams. — The experimental bar:-ier dam in the Black River,
Mackinaw Coimty, Michigan, which was designed to block aiid divert spawn-
ing runs of sea lampreys was rebuilt by the Michigan Department of Conser-
vation during the winter of 19^0-51 (fig';"'. 3 and i;)o A trap, which was
installed in the wall of the original c'am, was removed and the cur-vod
steel lip attached to the face of the dan was extended further across the
strear.1. These changes enabled the str-.ir/jure to handle ivith greater facil-
ity the large discharge of the Black Riv'?-;r during the spring runoff.

5/Fi.ve types of mechanical control de'Ticos have been developed to date:
Xl) large, permanent type weirs and tri.ps for capturing spawning i-uns,
(2) and (3) portable-type iveirs for use in medium- and small-sized streams
for capturing spawning runs, (li) dams ai:d inclined-screen trap units for
captiiring 7/^oung, downstream migrants, aiid, (5) barrier dams for blocking
and diverting spa-vming runs. The essential characteristics and the liiTiita-
tions of these devices have been described in an earlier report (Applegate
and Sirdth, 19^1).

31

Figure 3. — Experimental sea- lamprey barrier dam in the Black River,
Mackinaw County, Mich.

Figure ^. — Glose-up of harrier dam showing overhanging, curved
lip of sheet steel attached to wall of dam.

32

The dam functioned satisfactorily thi-oiighout the spring of 19pl..> blocked
all laiiipreys entering the stream from reaching the spawning groxmds in
that river J and, offered no significant barrier to the \ipstream migra-
tions of game fishes.

Control structures of this type vrl.ll be especially usefxtL in many
streams on the southwestern shore of Lal:e Superior indaich ax's cha:;'acter-
ized by steep gradients and very stable substrata and -where poor access-
ibility precludes the installation of devices which must be serviced
daily.

Portable-type iveirs and traps. — S'^reen, trap, and bracirig units of
the several portable-type weirs were operated in the streams of Control
Zone H-1 and in Lal-ce Superior tributa;:;'ies in 19^1 ivith no major structural
changes. Wearing quality of the original units, as designed, has been
found to be excellent. Most portable-t;rpe screen and trap units appai'-
ently will give from I4. to 5 years of service under reasonable stream con-
ditions before any replacement becomei:- necessary.

One innovation tested in Carp Creek, Presque Isle Co-ant}'', Mich,, was
the use of permanent sills, trap base, aizd abutments which were con-
structed of reinforced concrete (figs. 5 and 6). This stable substruc-
ture proved extremely effective. It pL'actically eliminatec' danger of
undercutting or bank-cutting and provided continuous troubld-free opera-
tion through a spring season of unusually high floods.

Similar concrete sills and abutments were installed in Hibbarda
Creek, Door County, Wis., by the Wiscor.sin Conservation Department. This
installation likewise proved to be much more effective than the wooden
substructures used in previous yearr.

The specific advantages of these v:;oncrete substinictui-es appear to
be as follows: (1) elimination of occasional replacement of substruc-
tm-'e; (2) reduction of maintenance of substructure to a minim-om,; (3)
reduction of wear on portable screen .and trap units j and, (u) reduction
of operating costs through increased e.ose of -weir operation (fe-#ei' man-
hours required for inspection and servicing). It would, seem, advisable,
therefore, in a long-term control program to install this mo:."e stable
weir and trap base in all streams where the portable-type str^ictu;.-es sz'e
to be used. Although initial capital outlay vrould obviously be g:?eater
tlian for similar wood substructiireE, tie advantages indiuatsd above
should effect more than compensating cr/ings over a period of years.

Operating costs in 1950 and 19^1 fo"-£ Control Zone H-1 and one stream
tributary to Lal-:e Superior. — Detailed records have been kept tlii'ough two
seasons of~operations of the costs ino--:.rred in installing^, operating, and
maintaining the 12 weirs and traps of Control Zone H-1 and the Pendills
Creek iveir. Briefly, these 13 conti-ol .structures were installed at an
aggregate cost of $17,95U and operated, successfully during the 19^0 sea-
son for $8,698. They vrere reinstalled in 19^1 at a cost of ^2,350 and
operated throughout that season for $7,35l. The cost of reinstallation
in 1951 is not typical of a normal season since it includes fi,mds expended

33

in the experimental installation of reinforced concrete sills and abut-
ments in Carp Creek (Unit 2). Had this additional construction been
omitted, reinstallation costs would have been approximately $1,000.

The figures presented above are broken down in Table 13 where
they are presented by operational units. An operational un.t is any
weir and trap or group of such structures which, when geography and
work load are considered can be most economically and efficiently oper-
ated by a single crew of men. Unit crews consist of night and day
shifts of one to four men per shift depending on the season aid the size
of the unit.

The expenditures indicated here for individual operational units
are believed to be representative of the costs of installing and operat-
ing such units (comprised of one or more mechnical control devices)
in any other similar areas in the Lake Huron and Lake Michigan basins.
Gross costs in other unit geographic areas such as Control Zone H-1
will vaiy widely from the costs indicated for that Zone depending on
the number of large, permanent- type weirs and traps required, the extent
of the area (control zone), and the dispersion of all required control
structures within the area. Operating unit costs in Control Zone H-1
will not apply, for example, in the Lake Superior basin where the
accessibility of most streams requiring control devices is very poor.
No data are available concerning installation and operating costs in
streams in the more remote and wild areas bordering on that lake.

Figure 5. --Portable -type weir and trap in Carp Creek,
Presque Isle County, Mich. , after installa-
tion of permanent sills, trap base, and
abutments of concrete.

34

5

3003 nrsviS

z

_l ~'0
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Literature cited

Applegatoj Vomi'-;:.

1950. Natural history of the sea lamprey (Peti-oriyzon marinus)
in Michigan. U. S. Dept. of Iiit,, Fish aid midl, Serv,,
Spec. Sci. Rept»: Fisheries IIo, 55: 237 PP.

Applegate, Vernon C. and Bernard R, Smith

1951. Sea lamprey spavming runs in the Great Lakes in 1950,
U. S. Dept. of Int., Fish and Wildl. Serr., Spec, Sci,
Rept.: Fisheries No, 6I: U9 pp.

Shetter, Da-'/id So

I9U9. A brief history of the sea lamprey problem in MLchigaii
waters. Trans « Amer. Fish. Soc, Vol. 76 (?9U6),
pp. I6O--I76.

List of ccmmon and scientific
Black bull head

Brook stickleback

Brook trout

Brown trout

Bxirbot

Carp

Comrnon shiners

Creek chubs

Great Lakes longnose dace

Lalce chub

Lake herring

Lake trout

Logperch

Longnose sucker

Muddler

Mudniinnow

Northern pike

Pumpkinseed

Rainbow trout

Rock bass

Sea lamprey

Silver lamprey

Smallraouth bass

Smelt

Yellow perch

Walleye

Wl'iite sucker

names of fishes raent-ioned in this report
iUneiurus m .. me las

Eucalia i noons cans

Salvelinus i - lontinalis

Salmo trutta

Lota 1. maculosa

Cyprinus carpio

Notropis cornutus frontalis

Seiiiotilus a. abromaculatus

Rh;michthys c, cat aractae

Couosius plunbeus

Leucichthys artedii

Salvelinus (Cristivome:-) n« naiiiaycush

Percina oaprodes

Catostomu? c. catostomus

Cottus b, bairdi

Umbra limi
Esox lucias
Lepomis gibbcsus
Saimo gairdneri
Ambloplites rupestris
Pe^tromy^on mai'inus
I.''.hthyom)'3on unicuspis
Micropteriis d_^. dolonieui
Osmerus morday
Perca f laves "ens
Stizostedion Vj. vitreum
Catostonius Co commersoni

37

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