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“LUMBER  JACKS”  IN  NORTHERN  I.UZON,  P.  I. 

A gang  of  men  at  our  mission  in  Sagada  are  getting  out  logs  for  the  sawmill 


Sty?  spirit  of  Missions 

AN  ILLUSTRATED  MONTHLY  REVIEW 
OF  CHRISTIAN  MISSIONS 

HUGH  I..  BURLESON,  Editor  CYRIL  D.  BUCK  WELL,  Business  Manager 


vol.  lxxx  November,  1915  No.  11 


THE  PROGRESS  OF  THE  KINGDOM 


THE  contributions  for  the  year 
ending  September  1st,  1915,  have 
been  very  much  larger  than  ever  be- 
fore, and  with  un- 
The  Giving  designated  legacies 

of  the  have  been  more 

Y ear  than  sufficient  to 

meet  all  the  obli- 
gations of  the  Board,  including  the 
accumulated  deficits. 

The  total  contributions 

have  been  $1,636,568.88 

Undesignated  Legacies  were  50,681.32 

Total  receipts $1,687,250.20 

These  receipts  exceed  all  expenses 
by  over  $9,000. 

With  the  Emergency  Fund  receipts, 
which  were  $366,219.75  * the  whole 
apportionment  has  been  met  for  the 
first  time,  and  it  was  exceeded  by 
$95,000.  With  the  Emergency  Fund, 
the  total  offerings  from  parishes,  in- 
dividuals, Sunday-schools,  the  Wom- 
an’s Auxiliary  and  the  Junior 
Auxiliary  were  in  each  case  larger 
than  last  year.  It  is  a great  satisfac- 
tion to  note  that  notwithstanding  the 
Emergency  Appeal  the  normal  con- 
tributions to  the  Apportionment  ex- 
ceeded those  of  last  year  by  over 
$8,500. 

* This  was  the  amount  at  the  close  of  the 
fiscal  year,  Sept.  1st.  It  is  now  over  $378,000. 


ON  not  a few  occasions,  since  the 
evident  success  of  the  Emer- 
gency Fund  Campaign,  we  have  been 
asked  concerning 
A Page  the  origin  of  the 
of  Recent  One  Day’s  Income 
History  idea,  to  which  all 
attribute,  in  large 
measure,  the  satisfactory  outcome, 
and  which  many  express  a desire  to 
see  made  a permanent  feature  of  our 
missionary  giving. 

Like  all  such  ideas  put  forth  by  a 
body  of  men,  the  finished  plan  was 
the  result  of  many  suggestions,  but  it 
was  our  Assistant  Treasurer,  Mr.  E. 
Walter  Roberts,  who  first  made  the 
proposal.  Yet  he  in  turn  gives  credit 
to  others  for  the  basic  principle. 
Last  January  Mayor  Newton  Baker, 
of  Cleveland,  Ohio,  set  apart  Thurs- 
day, February  4th,  as  a day  on  which 
all  persons  in  receipt  of  wages,  salary 
or  income  were  to  be  asked  to  give 
one  day’s  receipts  to  relieve  the  desti- 
tute. Mr.  Roberts  chanced  to  see  a 
statement  of  this  in  a New  York 
paper  and  brought  it  to  the  attention 
of  the  other  officers  at  the  Missions 
House.  Out  of  it  grew  the  One  Day’s 
Income  plan  which  has  worked  out  so 
successfully. 


745 


746 


The  Progress  of  the  Kingdom 


Because  of  this  success  it  seemed  a 
matter  of  interest  to  discover  what 
had  been  the  result  in  Cleveland.  A 
recent  correspondence  with  Mayor 
Baker  elicits  the  following  statement: 

“The  Share-a-Day’s-Earnings 
Fund  of  February  4th  amounted  to 
$81,167.81.  As  we  spent  only  one 
week  in  working  up  the  community, 
we  considered  the  result  gratifying. 
The  idea  of  sharing  a day’s  earn- 
ing originated  with  Mr.  Samuel 
Halle,  head  of  a large  department 
store  and  one  of  our  most  public- 
spirited  citizens.  There  was  no 
personal  solicitation  connected  with 
our  campaign.  We  depended  en- 
tirely on  publicity  to  secure  re- 
sponses.” 

One  hundred  thousand  dollars  was 
the  amount  asked  in  Cleveland,  and 
$81,000  was  received.  On  the  basis 
of  this  showing  the  results  obtained 
by  our  Emergency  Fund  campaign 
were  even  more  satisfactory,  it  hav- 
ing already  brought  in  all  but  about 
$22,000  of  the  $400,000  asked. 


..  At  the  last  mo- 

j ^ ment  before  going 

~ t f to  press  with  our 

Completed.  October  issue  we 

announced  that,  although  the  Emerg- 
ency Fund  had  not  been  completed, 
the  emergency  for  which  it  was  de- 
vised had  been  met.  That  is,  the 
regular  giving  of  the  Church  had  not 
only  maintained  its  standard  of  the 
previous  year  but  had  exceeded  it  in 
a sufficient  amount  to  insure — when 
taken  in  connection  with  the  sum  then 
received  from  the  Emergency  Fund — 
the  payment  of  all  bills  for  the  year, 
and  the  cancellation  of  the  entire  ac- 
crued indebtedness.  At  the  time  of 
making  this  statement  the  Fund  was 
$27,000  short  of  completion,  and  the 
Committee  was  faced  with  a mild 
dilemma.  It  had  been  instructed  to 
raise  $400,000,  which  it  was  believed 
would  be  needed  to  meet  all  obliga- 


tions. Technically,  at  least,  its  work 
was  not  done  until  the  full  amount 
was  raised.  Yet,  on  the  other  hand, 
the  call  was  an  emergency  call,  and  it 
was  questioned  whether  it  would  be 
fair  to  continue  pressing  upon  the 
Church  the  urgency  of  completing  the 
Fund,  when  as  a matter  of  fact  the 
emergency  had  passed.  Of  course, 
there  was  still  great  need  for  addi- 
tional resources ; the  Emergency  Fund 
would  pull  the  work  out  of  a hole, 
but  could  not  speed  it  on  its  way ; only 
a small  percentage  of  the  Church  had 
given  toward  it,  and  many  others 
would  certainly  be  glad  to  do  so  if  re- 
minded of  their  neglect. 

The  Committee  decided  upon  a 
middle  course.  It  did  not  feel  that  it 
could  continue  to  urge  upon  the  con- 
sciences of  Church  people  the  obliga- 
tion of  completing  the  Fund,  yet  it  was 
convinced  that  such  completion  would 
be  the  earnest  desire  of  all  friends  of 
the  missionary  cause;  and  it  believed 
that  these  would  not  consent  to  relin- 
quish the  effort  until  the  goal  had  ac- 
tually been  reached.  Therefore  the 
Fund  has  remained  open  and  the  ma- 
chinery for  handling  it  is  still  in 
operation.  It  is  for  the  givers  of  the 
Church  to  decide  whether  the  efforts 
shall  be  carried  on  to  an  absolute  and 
unqualified  success.  We  believe  their 
answer  will  be  an  affirmative  one. 

THE  Church  was  shocked  on  Oc- 
tober 8th  by  the  news  of  the  un- 
expected death,  in  a hospital  in  Bos- 
ton, of  the  Bishop 
The  Death  of  Maine,  the 

of  Bishop  Right  Rev.  Robert 

Codman  C o d m a n , D.D. 

Only  three  weeks 
previously  his  happy  marriage  to  Miss 
Margaretta  Biddle  Porter  had  been 
announced,  and  the  wedding  journey 
was  taking  the  form  of  a cruise  in  the 
bishop’s  yacht  along  the  coast  of 
Maine.  Shortly  after  the  cruise  be- 
gan a serious  illness  developed,  and 
the  bishop  was  taken  to  Boston  for 


The  Progress  of  the  Kingdom 


747 


advice.  Examination  showed  that  he 
had  suffered  an  apoplectic  stroke  and 
that  there  was  serious  brain  trouble. 
An  operation  was  performed  on  Mon- 
day, October  4th,  from  which  he 
never  rallied.  He  was  buried  from 
his  cathedral  in  Portland  on  Monday, 
the  11th. 

Bishop  Codman  was  one  of  the 
younger  men  in  the  episcopate,  being 
fifty-five  years  of  age.  After  his 
graduation  from  Harvard  he  practised 
law  for  some  years  before  turning  to 
the  ministry  as  his  final  vocation.  He 
was  ordained  deacon  in  1893  and  ad- 
vanced to  the  priesthood  the  fol- 
lowing year.  He  served  in  several 
parishes  in  and  near  Boston.  While 
rector  of  St.  John’s,  Roxbury,  he  was 
elected  Bishop  of  Maine,  and  was 
consecrated  February  2,  1900. 

Bishop  Codman  took  a wide  view 
of  the  Church’s  Mission.  Himself  the 
leader  of  a missionary  diocese  where 
crying  needs  were  manifest,  he  sys- 
tematically urged  and  stimulated  the 
interest  of  his  people  in  the  world- 
wide enterprise  of  the  Church.  His 
leadership  in  this  particular  will  be 
keenly  missed. 

ST.  AUGUSTINE’S  SCHOOL, 
Raleigh,  N.  C.,  opened  its  forty- 
seventh  year  on  Thursday,  September 
30th.  This  splen- 
After  did  school  for  the 

Twenty-five  education  of  negro 

Years  youth  was  founded 

by  the  Rev.  J. 
Britton  Smith,  D.D.,  but  the  man  who 
built  it  up  to  its  present  fine  efficiency 
is  the  Rev.  A.  B.  Hunter,  who  for 
twenty-five  years  has  been  its  Princi- 
pal. Throughout  the  Church  Mr. 
Hunter  is  known  and  honored,  and 
hundreds  who  have  not  seen  him  will 
join  in  affectionate  congratulations 
that  he  continues  to  lead  in  this  noble 
enterprise.  But  his  friends  will 
also  be  relieved  to  know  that  some 
of  the  burden  of  responsibility  has 
been  taken  from  his  shoulders,  and 


that  the  trustees  have  elected  the  Rev. 
Edgar  H.  Goold  as  Associate  Princi- 
pal. He  will  assume  the  financial  and 
administrative  responsibilities  of  the 
school  during  the  coming  year,  leav- 
ing Mr.  Hunter  free  to  devote  him- 
self to  the  larger  and  no  less  impor- 
tant work  of  commending  the  school 
to  the  attention  and  interest  of  the 
general  Church — which  it  should  not 
fail  to  receive  in  generous  measure. 

A CABLEGRAM  received  on  Oc- 
tober 7th  announced  the  death 
of  Mrs.  John  McKim,  wife  of  the 
Bishop  of  Tokyo, 
Bishop  who  passed  peace- 
McKim’s  fully  to  her  rest 
Bereavement  after  a somewhat 
prolonged  illness. 
Mrs.  McKim  was  the  daughter  of  the 
Rev.  A.  D.  Cole,  D.D.,  long-time 
president  of  Nashotah  House,  Nasho- 
tah,  Wisconsin.  It  was  while  a stu- 
dent at  Nashotah  that  Mr.  McKim 
made  the  acquaintance  of  his  future 
wife;  it  was  to  Nashotah  that  the  cou- 
ple returned  at  their  different  periods 
of  furlough  to  find  rest  and  refresh- 
ment in  its  quiet  surroundings ; and 
now  again  it  is  to  Nashotah  that  the 
bereaved  bishop  and  his  daughters  are 
bringing,  to  its  final  resting  place,  the 
body  of  the  wife  and  mother. 

The  Church’s  sympathy  and  prayers 
will  be  given  to  Bishop  McKim  and 
his  family  in  their  sorrow. 

THE  issue  for  some  time  fore- 
shadowed in  Mexico  has  become 
a matter  of  history,  and  General  Car- 
ranza reaps  the 
Carranza,  reward  of  his 

Chief  stubborn  persist- 

Executive  ence.  The  United 

States  has  recog- 
nized him  as  a de  facto  ruler,  and 
beyond  doubt  other  nations  will  fol- 
low our  lead. 

In  so  far  as  this  promises  a solu- 
tion of  the  Mexican  muddle,  it  is 
cause  for  congratulation.  But  what 


748 


The  Progress  of  the  Kingdom 


the  actual  outcome  will  be,  only  time 
can  reveal.  The  course  taken  was 
probably  the  only  one  our  govern- 
ment could  follow.  However  little 
one  might  be  disposed  to  choose  Car- 
ranza as  the  solvent  of  the  situation, 
there  seemed  to  be  no  other  man  who 
promised  better  things.  Even  the 
most  optimistic  can  scarcely  feel  a 
joyful  confidence.  General  Carranza 
has  an  immense  burden  to  carry.  The 
wastage  of  war  has  been  tremendous 
and  the  problems  of  reconstruction 
are  great,  and  there  is  also  the  added 
burden  of  pressing  debts  resulting 
from  the  destruction  and  sequestra- 
tion of  foreign  property.  For  all 
these  the  Chief  Executive  will  become 
directly  responsible,  and  the  United 
States,  in  the  eye  of  the  rest  of  the 
world,  will  be  secondarily  responsible. 

The  office  of  ruler  of  Mexico  has 
never  been  a sinecure ; to-day  it  is 
indeed  a thorny  path.  Possibly  Gen- 
eral Carranza  may  develop  an  unex- 
pected strength ; he  may  have  been 
underrated  and  maligned,  for  it  is 
hard  to  discover  the  real  truth  about 
any  Mexican  leader.  Americans  will 
of  course  hope  for  the  best,  and  will 
try  to  help  him  make  good  in  his  diffi- 
cult undertaking.  The  loyal  and  the 
wise  course  now  is  to  hold  up  the 
hands  of  our  own  government,  and 
strengthen,  as  far  as  we  may,  the 
efforts  of  those  who  are  to  rule  in 
Mexico.  It  is  a time  when  prayer  for 
this  distracted  republic  should  be  on 
the  lips  of  Christians  who  love  their 
fellowmen. 

WE  have  just  received  a little  vol- 
ume which  will  be  more  for- 
mally noticed  in  the  book  reviews  on 
a later  page  of  this 
“May  Clean  issue.  At  first  sight 

Sport  it  seems  scarcely 

Flourish!”  en  rapport  with  a 

missionary  maga- 
zine. Its  cover  and  contents  are 

thoroughly  sportsmanlike.  There  is 
no  mention  of  missions  or  religion 


from  cover  to  cover  in  this  “Hand- 
Book  of  the  Philippine  Amateur  Ath- 
letic Association,”  but  the  fact  that 
Bishop  Brent  is  the  president,  and 
that  the  volume  is  prefaced  by  a state- 
ment signed  by  him,  closing  with  the 
words,  “May  clean  sport  flourish!” 
should  qualify  it  for  recognition  here. 

Again  and  again  we  are  reminded, 
now  by  one  missionary  and  now  by 
another,  of  the  great  importance  of 
athletics  in  connection  with  Christian 
education  in  the  Far  East.  The  ex- 
aggerated point  of  view  concerning 
the  scholar  which  prevailed  in  old 
China — typified  by  the  man  who 
guards  his  foot-long  finger-nails  as  an 
evidence  of  the  fact  that  he  performs 
no  physical  labor — extends  in  some 
measure  to  other  parts  of  the  Orient. 
The  building  up  of  the  physique  of 
the  young  men  is  therefore  of  pri- 
mary importance.  This  would  be  an 
excuse,  if  excuse  were  needed,  for 
classifying  the  above  as  a missionary 
book.  Not  for  the  Oriental  only  is 
such  a movement  commendable,  but 
for  those  also,  young  men  of  our  own 
blood,  expatriated  by  the  demands  of 
business,  who,  among  the  enervating 
conditions  of  the  Far  East,  face  a 
moral  struggle  which  few  of  us 
realize. 

A SIMPLE  little  leaflet  of  sixteen 
pages,  bearing  the  title  “The 
Chinese  Church  and  Missions,”  is 
about  the  least 
The  Chinese  pretentious  piece 
Church  and  of  literature  that 
Missions  could  be  imagined, 
but  it  should  prove 
to  be  the  forerunner  of  great  things. 
It  is  printed  by  the  Board  of  Missions 
of  the  Chung  Hua  Sheng  Kung  Hui, 
and  contains  a statement  of  the  suc- 
cessive acts  by  which  the  Church  in 
China  has  been  feeling  her  way 
toward  self-propagation. 

In  1912  the  first  resolution  was 
passed  laying  down  the  fundamental 
principle  that  a Board  of  Missions 


749 


The  Progress  of  the  Kingdom 


should  be  created  for  the  Chinese 
Church,  but  it  was  not  until  the  pres- 
ent year  that  the  final  report  of  the 
committee  was  received  and  a canon 
adopted  establishing  the  work.  The 
Board  of  Management  consists  of 
three  bishops,  three  presbyters  and 
six  laymen,  in  addition  to  the  presi- 
dent, Bishop  Graves,  and  the  General 
Secretary,  the  Rev.  S.  C.  Hwang. 
The  Executive  Committee  of  the 
Board  is  five  in  number : the  Bishops 
of  Hankow  and  Honan,  the  General 
Secretary,  Dr.  H.  B.  Taylor,  and  Mr. 
S.  C.  Lin,  the  General  Treasurer. 

It  will  be  recalled  that  the  two 
ideals  which  the  Chung  Hua  Sheng 
Kung  Hui  set  before  its  Board  of 
Missions  were : First,  the  raising  to 
the  episcopate  of  a Chinese  presbyter, 
either  as  assistant  in  an  already  exist- 
ing diocese,  or  as  bishop  in  charge  of 
a missionary  district;  and,  secondly, 
the  establishment  of  a missionary  dis- 
trict in  China  (the  province  of  Shensi 
being  named)  to  be  administered  by 
the  new  Board  as  a missionary  enter- 
prise of  the  Chung  Hua  Sheng  Kung 
Hui.  The  Executive  Committee  held 
a meeting  on  April  23rd,  and  among 
other  things  decided  that  a tour  of  in- 
vestigation should  at  once  be  made 
into  the  Province  of  Shensi,  and  that 
Bishop  White  and  the  General  Sec- 
retary proceed  to  Sianfu  for  that  pur- 
pose as  early  in  May  as  possible.  This 
was  accordingly  done,  and  the  Execu- 
tive Committee  met  on  June  30th,  to 
receive  the  report  of  the  investigating 
committee.  It  was  decided  that  the 
conditions  prevailing  in  Shensi  were 
such  as  to  make  it  a very  suitable  dis- 
trict for  a missionary  diocese  of  the 
Chinese  Church,  and  that  work  should 
be  commenced  first  in  the  capital, 
Sian-Fu;  then  extend  along  the  Wei 
River  valley  to  Tungkwan,  and  later 
on,  after  further  investigation,  if 
funds  and  men  would  allow,  in  the 
Hsing-an  and  Hanchung  prefectures. 

Steps  were  to  be  taken  immediately 
to  deal  with  applicants  for  the  new 


field,  and  to  secure  a continuity  of  the 
necessary  funds  for  the  support  of  the 
workers. 

The  principle  of  diocesan  appor- 
tionment having  been  adopted  by  the 
General  Synod  for  the  support  of  the 
work  undertaken  by  its  Board  of  Mis- 
sions, the  following  apportionment 
table  for  the  first  year  was  approved : 


Shanghai  $1,100.00 

Victoria  600.00 

Shekiang  750.00 

North  China  350.00 

West  China  650.00 

Hankow  1,500.00 

Shantung  360.00 

Fuhkien  1,000.00 

Kwangsi-Hunan  100.00 

Honan  100.00 

Anking  440.00 


Total  Mex.  $6,950.00 

The  Church  of  China  is  now  defi- 
nitely committed  to  this  new  diocese, 
and  the  prayers  of  God’s  people,  not 
only  in  China,  but  in  other  lands  as 
well,  are  sought  on  behalf  of  this  ven- 
ture of  faith ; that  under  the  guidance 
of  God’s  Holy  Spirit  it  may  be  estab- 
lished, to  the  end  that  souls  may  be 
led  into  the  way  of  truth,  and  the 
Kingdom  of  Christ  extended  in 
Shensi. 


DEATH  OF  BISHOP  BILLER 

THIS  morning,  October  23rd,  after 
our  forms  had  been  closed,  came 
the  shocking  announcement  of  the 
death  of  Bishop  Biller,  of  South 
Dakota.  A telegram  from  his  wife 
states  that  he  died  on  the  previous  day, 
October  22d,  at  the  Rosebud  Agency. 
Presumably  he  was  stricken  suddenly. 
The  loss  of  no  man  could  be  more 
grievously  felt.  With  wonderful  effi- 
ciency and  devotion  Bishop  Biller  took 
up  a hard  task  which  he  performed 
heroically,  like  a worthy  successor  of 
the  great  Bishop  Hare.  May  God 
comfort  the  bereaved  family  and  the 
Church  in  South  Dakota ! 


THE  SANCTUARY  OF  MISSIONS 


BE  strong! 

We  are  not  here  to  play,  to 
dream,  to  drift, 

We  have  hard  work  to  do  and  loads 
to  lift ; 

Shun  not  the  struggle,  face  it,  ’tis  God’s 
gift. 

Be  strong! 

No  matter  how  deep  entrenched  the 
wrong, 

How  hard  the  battle  goes,  the  day 
how  long, 

Faint  not,  fight  on,  to-morrow  comes 
the  song. 

— Mall'bie  D.  Babcock. 


THANKSGIVINGS 

E thank  thee — 

For  the  life  and  example  of 
thy  servants,  Robert  Codman, 
Bishop  of  Maine,  and  Walter  C. 
Clapp,  one-time  missionary  among  the 
Igorots.  (Pages  746  and  759.) 

For  the  thousands  who  by  consecrat- 
ing a day  to  the  work  have  so  splen- 
didly stimulated  the  missionary  record 
of  thy  Church.  (Page  745.) 

For  the  beginnings  of  self-propaga- 
tion in  the  newly  organized  national 
Church  of  China.  (Page  748.) 

For  the  evident  value  and  success  of 
our  educational  work  in  foreign  lands. 
(Pages  760  and  771.) 

For  the  loving  service  which  the 
Church  is  everywhere  rendering  to 
hopeless  lepers.  (Pages  779  and  785.) 

For  a Thanksgiving  Day  which  still 
finds  us  at  peace  with  all  the  world. 

■A- 

INTERCESSIONS 

E pray  thee — 

For  thy  special  blessing  on 
the  work  of  the  year  upon  which 
we  are  now  entering. 

For  the  healing  of  differences  and 
the  surmounting  of  difficulties,  that  all 
things  may  move  forward  under  the 
impulse  of  loving  service  for  thee. 

That  thy  Church  may  remember  and 
thy  Spirit  bless  the  work  among  the 
heathen  peoples  of  the  Philippine 
Islands.  (Pages  751  and  759.) 

To  guide  those  who  are  to  rule  in 
our  sister  republic  of  Mexico,  and  to 
order  all  things  toward  peace  and 
restoration.  (Page  747.) 

To  give  thy  blessing  to  our  work  in 
the  island  of  Haiti  that  it  may  be  a 


factor  in  the  strengthening  and  up- 
building of  that  people.  (Page  756.) 

To  prosper  the  work  among  the 
schools  for  negroes  in  this  land,  espe- 
cially that  at  St.  Augustine’s,  North 
Carolina.  (Page  778.) 

That  the  needs  of  St.  Luke’s  Hos- 
pital, Tokyo,  may  speedily  be  met. 
(Page  784.) 

To  comfort  all  those,  thy  servants, 
upon  whom  affliction  has  lately  fallen. 
(Pages  746,  747  and  759.) 

PRAYERS 

For  Work  in  the  Orient 

0GOD,  who  wiliest  all  men  to  be 
saved  and  to  come  to  the  knowl- 
edge of  the  truth;  Hear  the 
prayers  that  we  offer  for  all  men 
everywhere;  for  the  mighty  and  popu- 
lous nations  of  historic  fame,  for  the 
weak  and  timid  tribes  that  have  their 
retreat  in  the  seclusion  of  the  forest 
and  the  fastnesses  of  the  mountains. 
Break  down  the  barriers  of  ignorance 
and  sin,  and  pour  in  the  full  flood  of 
thy  light  and  love,  through  Jesus 
Christ  our  Lord.  Amen. 

*X* 

For  Guidance 

OGOD,  by  whom  the  meek  are 
guided  in  judgment,  and  light 
riseth  up  in  darkness  for  the 
godly : Grant  us,  in  all  our  doubts  and 
uncertainties,  the  grace  to  ask  what 
thou  wouldest  have  us  to  do;  that  the 
spirit  of  Wisdom  may  save  us  from  all 
false  choices ; that  in  thy  light  we 
may  see  light,  and  in  thy  straight  path 
we  may  not  stumble;  through  Jesus 
Christ  our  Lord.  Amen. 

— William  Bright. 

* 

An  Intercession  of  St.  Clement 

WE  beseech  thee,  Lord  and  Mas- 
ter, to  be  our  help  and  succor. 
Save  those  who  are  in  tribula- 
tion ; have  mercy  on  the  lonely ; lift  up 
the  fallen ; show  thyself  unto  the 
needy ; heal  the  ungodly ; convert  the 
wanderers  of  thy  people ; feed  the 
hungry ; raise  up  the  weak ; comfort 
the  faint-hearted.  Let  all  the  peoples 
know  that  thou  art  God  alone,  and 
Jesus  Christ  is  thy  Son,  and  we  are 
thy  people  and  the  sheep  of  thy  pas- 
ture; for  the  sake  of  Christ  Jesus. 
Amen. 

— St.  Clement  of  Rome  (90  A.  D.). 


750 


mem 


IGOROT  WARRIORS 


AN  OPTI-PESSIMISTIC  OUTLOOK 

By  the  Rev.  John  A.  Staunton,  Jr. 


THE  year  brings  no  more  dis- 
tasteful task  than  that  of  writing 
an  annual  report;  and  this  for 
several  reasons.  If  a report  is  really 
to  present  what  has  been  accom- 
plished, it  must  seem  like  the  vain 
cackle  of  a hen  who  has  just  laid  an- 
other egg.  If  it  is  to  tell  of  our 
failure,  it  must  to  an  extent  place  the 
blame  on  those  who  nevertheless  have 
done  their  best.  When  we  have  so 
much  to  be  thankful  for  it  looks  un- 
gracious to  tell  of  opportunities  lost 
through  needs  unsupplied;  yet  to  re- 
port that  “all’s  well,”  when  we  are 
conscious  of  ends  which  cannot  by 
any  efforts  of  ours  be  brought  to- 
gether is  simply  not  to  tell  the  truth. 
A skilfully  prepared  report  should 
thus  be  optimistic  and  pessimistic  in 
just  the  right  balance,  and  yet  not 
leave  the  flavor  of  artificiality. 

To  come  to  particulars:  We  record 
with  gratitude  the  gift,  two  years  ago, 


by  an  anonymous  donor,  of  four  thou- 
sand dollars  for  the  erection  of  our 
new  hospital;  and,  with  satisfaction, 
that  the  money  expended  has  pro- 
duced that  part  of  the  hospital  which 
is  now  occupied;  but  with  regret  that 
it  has  been  possible  to  erect  with  the 
money  provided  only  about  one-half 
of  such  a building  as  we  need  and  our 
plan  calls  for.  That  the  money  has 
been  well  and  economically  expended, 
we  can  leave  with  confidence  to  the 
judgment  of  those  who  see  the  build- 
ings and  know  the  conditions.  It  is 
the  best  built  frame  building  that  we 
have  as  yet  constructed,  but  four 
thousand  dollars  cannot  by  any  adroit 
manipulation  do  a work  which  calls 
for  ten. 

Again,  we  are  grateful  for  a gift  of 
operating-room  equipment  and  instru- 
ments, but  we  need  furniture  and  gen- 
eral equipment.  We  are  thankful  that 
our  appropriation  includes  an  item  for 

751 


An  Opti-Pessimistic  Outlook 


/Da 


medical  supplies,  but  we  cannot  open 
and  run  a free  hospital  of  thirty  beds 
without  some  provision  for  meeting 
expenses ; nor  with  only  one  nurse 
and  no  physician. 

The  new  stone  church  which  we  are 
erecting  will  be  the  most  beautiful 
new  church  building  in  Northern 
Luzon,  and  the  best  constructed:  but 
we  have  come  to  the  end  of  our  funds 
and  will  need  some  five  thousand  dol- 
lars more  to  complete  it.  Many  of  our 
Christian  workmen,  and  some  who 
are  not  yet  Christians,  have  agreed  to 
continue  work  on  the  church  during 
these  difficult  times,  receiving  in  pay- 
ment therefor  only  orders  on  our  ex- 
change store  which  will  keep  them  in 
food  and  clothing.  But  the  stock  of 
our  store  cannot  stand  this  overdraft 
indefinitely,  and  unless  relief  comes 
in  the  form  of  further  donations  we 
will  reluctantly  be  obliged  soon  to 
abandon  all  further  work.  Yet  we  are 
grateful  to  those  who  have  enabled  us 
to  go  on  as  far  as  we  have. 

We  are  glad  .that  during  this  rainy 
season  we  have  room  in  the  basement 
of  the  Girls’  School  to  shelter  the 
boys ; but  we  wish  that  some  one 
might  give  the  seven  or  eight  thou- 
sand dollars  needed  to  erect  a build- 
ing specially  for  the  boys. 

The  present  policy  of  the  Philippine 
Government  is  to  withdraw  public 
schools  from  those  towns  in  the 
mountains  in  which  there  are  large 
missions,  thus  leaving  education  to  the 
missionaries.  This  gives  us  in  Sagada 
and  outstations  a magnificent  oppor- 
tunity for  Christian  education  and  in- 
fluence ; but  we  are  unprepared  to 
take  advantage  of  it.  Our  present 
schools  are  only  primary  and  inade- 
quately equipped.  Some  of  our  boys 
have  been  able  to  enter  the  fifth  grade 
in  public  school.  But  this  means  that 
boys  whom  we  have  raised  from  sav- 
agery, cared  for  and  trained,  have  to 
leave  their  home  towns  to  go  among 
strangers  where  they  will  receive  lit- 
tle personal  oversight  or  restraint. 


And  they  have  to  leave  the  industrial 
work  and  training  which  we  have  bal- 
anced with  their  studies.  In  short, 
they  have  to  plunge  into  alien  condi- 
tions and  often  immoral  surroundings 
just  at  the  time  of  life  when,  Chris- 
tian character  not  having  “set,”  they 
are  most  susceptible  to  evil  influence. 

Our  Mission  school  system  at 
Sagada  ought  to  take  our  central  and 
outstation  children  through  the  eighth 
grade  of  studies,  without  necessitat- 
ing their  leaving  home  or  interrupting 
their  religious  and  industrial  training. 
Most  of  those  who  finish  this  course 
would  then  be  in  a position  to  marry 
locally  and  to  look  out  for  themselves. 
The  few  others  of  exceptional  prom- 
ise and  character  would  be  mature 
enough  to  go  elsewhere  for  study  or 
work  without  meeting  disaster. 

If  we  had  such  a school  its  influ- 
ence would  go  far,  and  would  tend  to 
throw  the  moral  training  of  a very 
large  district  under  the  control  of  our 
Mission.  Such  a great  opportunity  is 
now  ours  as  rarely  comes  unsought  to 
a mission  station.  I wish  that  I might 
hope  that  we  are  going  to  embrace  it. 
To  do  so  would  need  the  erection  of 
a boys’  school  building  ($8,000.00), 
provision  for  at  least  one  well-trained 
male  American  and  two  Filipino 
teachers,  and  an  extra  annual  appro- 
priation for  endowment  for  school 
support. 

For  years  this  Mission  has  been 
crying  for  capital  to  develop  spiritual 
interests  which,  if  the  interests  were 
material,  would  be  forthcoming  from 
hard-headed  business  men.  And 
every  material  enterprise  of  our  Mis- 
sion is  carried  on  with  an  underlying 
spiritual  purpose.  We  ought  to  be  in 
a position  to  put  our  undertakings  on 
a sound  financial  basis,  and  we  cannot 
do  this  by  the  temporary  use  of  float- 
ing funds.  The  saw-mill  more  than 
justified  itself ; the  shops  are  doing 
likewise ; the  herd  of  cattle  has  more 
than  paid  for  itself ; the  press  has 
saved  and  earned  money ; the  agricul- 


THE  WALLS  OF  THE  NEW  CHURCH  RISING 

In  the  foreground  stands  the  old  church  which  will  be  superseded 


tural  work  is  running  with  success; 
the  Igorot  Exchange  has  taken  a 
prominent  position  in  the  district,  and 
is  still  growing;  people  for  miles 
around  come  and  send  to  buy  supplies 
here.  But  we  need  definitely  applied 
capital  behind  all  these  undertakings 
so  that  they  may  be  floated  above  any 
possible  flood-line.  Twenty-five  thou- 
sand dollars  is  the  figure  named  and 
indorsed  by  the  Bishop.  I have  yet 
to  meet  a business  man  who  has  in- 
spected the  Sagada  Missions  who  has 
not  thought  that  we  ought  to  get  it, 
and  will  sooner  or  later ; but  we  ought 
to  have  that  amount  of  capital  at 
work  now,  and  not  after  opportunity 
has  passed  or  present  workers  are 
dead. 

And  so  we  might  go  on  speaking  of 
achievements  and  failure ; of  oppor- 
tunity grasped  and  lost ; of  gratitude 
and  regret ; of  incorrigible  optimism 
and  of  soul-racking  pessimism.  Our 
statistics  are  larger  than  in  other 


years,  yet  they  fall  pitiably  below 
what  they  ought  to  record.  Our  Mis- 
sion has  grown  larger  and  yet  our 
workers  are  fewer,  not  only  relatively 
to  the  size  of  the  Mission  but  abso- 
lutely. We  have  an  additional  priest, 
but  he  is  on  furlough  in  the  States. 
Other  furloughs  are  coming  due,  and 
no  substitutes  are  available.  We  re- 
semble a fisherman  who  had  to  buy 
a larger  boat  to  hold  his  catches  only 
to  find  that  he  had  not  strength 
enough  to  bring  the  new  one  to  land. 
We  are  hopelessly  undermanned  to  do 
the  work  which  lies  before  us.  We 
need  two  more  priests,  two  more 
American  teachers,  a physician  and 
another  nurse. 

A word  may  be  added  in  regard  to 
our  methods.  The  Mission  works 
among  a people  of  little  inherent  sta- 
bility and  character.  The  Igorot  in 
his  native  state  has  few  needs  and 
no  aspirations.  A rough  house,  which 
he  can  easily  build  for  himself  and 

753 


754 


An  Opti-Pessimistic  Outlook 


his  wife,  enough  rice  and  camotes 
(sweet  potatoes)  to  keep  him  from 
starving,  a gee  string  (narrow  loin 
cloth),  and  in  high  altitudes  like 
Sagada  a thin  cotton  blanket.  With 
these  as  the  easily  supplied  needs  the 
Igorot  has  developed  no  aspirations, 
nor  ambitions,  nor  real  character ; and 
has  been  for  generations  the  drudge 
of  those  shrewder  people  who  could 
exploit  his  labor  or  passions  for  their 
own  advantage.  Left  to  himself,  the 
Igorot  will  never  pull  up;  artificially 
pulled  up,  he  will  inevitably  drop  back 
to  the  plane  of  least  resistance. 

The  problem  of  the  missionary  thus 
becomes  not  futilely  to  preach  to  him ; 
nor  to  wash  him,  clothe  him,  feed 
him,  nor  to  build  him  a better  house 
to  live  in ; but  to  get  him,  by  any  pos- 
sible expedient,  to  feel  himself  the 
need  of  some  of  these  things  and  to 
endeavor  to  obtain  them.  We  are 
sometimes  asked  how  we  succeed  in 
“getting  hold  of”  the  Igorot.  Our  re- 
ply is  that  there  is  nothing  we*  less 
wish  to  do;  what  we  aim  at  is  to  en- 
courage the  Igorot  “to  get  hold  of” 
us.  Between  these  two  points  of  view 
there  is  all  the  difference  that  there  is 
between  a well-meaning  nurse  hold- 
ing on  to  a screaming  child,  and  a 
screaming  child  clinging  to  its  mother. 
Appetite,  desire,  aspiration,  ambition 
in  ever  so  small  a degree,  elevates  the 
plane  on  which  it  is  possible  for  the 
Igorot  to  live  with  content,  and  his 
development  becomes  possible.  But 
as  long  as  the  elevating  force  remains 
an  extraneous  one  he  will  drop  to  the 
level  of  former  savagery  at  the  first 
opportunity. 

The  first  problem  of  the  mission- 
ary is,  therefore,  not  to  get  hold  of 
the  Igorot,  but  in  subtle  ways  to  in- 
oculate him  with  the  germ  of  dis- 
content, to  establish  in  his  system 
cravings,  desires,  and  necessities 
which  his  savage  and  heathen  life 
cannot  satisfy.  The  second  is  to  put 
the  means  of  satisfying  these  desires 
within  reach  of  the  Igorot’s  own 


effort,  to  make  it  possible  for  him  to 
live  on  a plane  of  greater  satisfaction 
until  acquirement  through  effort  be- 
comes a habit,  living  without  the 
decencies  of  life  a disgust,  and  depri- 
vation of  the  luxuries  (relatively 
speaking,  of  course)  a discontent. 
When  this  level  is  reached  further 
missionary  work  becomes  more  con- 
ventional. Igorot  society,  much  as 
society  elsewhere,  begins  to  grade  and 
classify  itself,  and  character  to  be- 
come differentiated.  There  will  be  as 
in  every  community  the  lazy  and  the 
thrifty,  the  stupid  and  the  alert,  the 
vicious  and  the  virtuous,  the  sinners 
and  the  saints. 

From  its  first  inception  the  Sagada 
Mission  has  acted  upon  this  principle 
“don’t  get  hold  of  the  people,  but  let 
the  people  get  hold  of  you.”  Indeed, 
one  of  our  maxims  has  been  “let  the 
people  do  it.”  No  doubt  some  of  the 
doings  of  the  Mission  which  conven- 
tional folk  have  found  extraordinary, 
and  sometimes  startling,  are  due  to 
the  working  out  of  this  principle. 

Thus  we  have  been  criticized  for 
clothing  the  people ; and  likewise  for 
not  clothing  them.  As  a matter  of 
fact,  we  have  done  neither.  We  have 
baptized  and  administered  Holy  Com- 
munion to  Igorots  whose  apparel  has 
varied  from  just  nothing  at  all  to  com- 
plete civilized  costume.  But  we  have 
put  the  means  of  getting  clothing 
within  the  reach  of  their  own  effort 
and  we  notice  the  tendency  of  the 
people  to  wear  more  clothes,  better 
clothes,  and  to  keep  their  clothes 
clean. 

We  have  been  criticized  for  deco- 
rating our  church  and  altar  with 
paper  festoons  and  flowers.  The 
truth  is  we  have  “let  the  people  do 
it,”  and  they  produce  an  effect  which 
is  artistic  though  not  Occidental. 

We  have  an  Igorot  Exchange  not 
primarily  to  make  money — though  it 
does — but  as  a part  of  the  system ; for 
through  the  Exchange  the  Igorots  can 
turn  their  labor  into  what  they  want 


THE  IGOROT  EXCHANGE 
A caravan  bringing  in  goods  is  just  arriving 


and  what  their  labor  could  not  other- 
wise provide.  We  have  our  school, 
which  we  never  urge  any  one  to  enter 
- — we  don’t  have  to ; there  is  a waiting 
list.  We  have  our  shops,  mills,  kilns, 
trades,  gardens,  and  industries,  all  ad- 
ministered as  part  of  the  same  sys- 
tem; to  provide  opportunity  for  the 
gratification  of  new  needs  which  are 
felt.  The  whole  system  is,  indeed,  a 
tonic  for  what  would  otherwise  be  an 
anemic  existence;  for  labor  begets 
skill,  self-reliance,  health,  character, 
and — with  Christ — happiness. 

Our  Christian  propaganda  is  con- 
ducted on  this  same  principle.  We  do 
not  constantly  make  calls  to  drum  up 
people,  but  leave  them  to  “drum  up” 
us.  They  have  learned  the  privilege 
of  the  Sacraments,  and  many  now 
cannot  live  without  them.  Though 
some  slip  back  for  a while  they  are 
sure  to  reappear,  and  probably  to 
bring  others  with  them.  The  pulling 
force  of  the  Sagada  church  and  altar 
is  felt  for  many  miles  around. 


During  the  past  year  more  than 
seven  hundred  public  services  have 
been  conducted  with  a total  attend- 
ance of  upwards  of  fifty  thousand. 
The  following  are  the  statistics  for 
the  year:  Baptisms,  311;  marriages, 
12;  burials,  9;  communicants,  543 
(i.  e.,  the  number  of  different  persons 
who  have  received  the  Holy  Com- 
munion at  our  altars  during  the  year 
— not  including  visiting  members  of 
our  own  communion)  ; total  number 
of  baptisms  since  the  Mission  was 
opened,  1827. 


AMERICANS  in  Syria  have  or- 
ganized a chapter  of  the  Red 
Cross  Society  and  established  a hos- 
pital some  miles  from  Beersheba.  Col- 
lege professors  and  students;  mission- 
aries, men  and  women ; German 
nurses  from  the  Deaconess  Hospital 
of  Kaiserwerth,  are  working  together 
to  help  the  wounded  and  suffering  of 
the  Turkish  army. 


755 


CONFIRMATION  CLASS  IN  HAITI 


OUR  MISSION  IN  HAITI 

By  Bishop  Col  in  ore 


HAITI,  once  a prosperous  French 
colony,  worked  by  slave  labor, 
won  its  independence  during  the 
Napoleonic  period.  Since  that  time  it 
has  had  a troubled  history,  and  like 
the  other  West  Indian  Islands  has 
suffered  from  economic  changes.  In 
a period  of  less  than  twelve  months 
in  1914-1915  the  land  saw  four  dif- 
ferent governments,  the  first  three 
being  overthrown  by  revolutions.  The 
condition  of  the  people  had  become 
desperate.  The  country’s  credit 
abroad  was  greatly  impaired,  all  the 
national  funds  were  expended  in  sup- 
pressing revolutions  which  left  none 
for  public  improvements ; there  was 
no  work  for  the  men  in  the  cities,  and 
in  the  country  men  were  afraid  to 
work  their  farms  or  to  be  seen  any- 
where, since  they  would  invariably  be 
impressed  into  military  service.  Now, 
fortunately,  the  United  States  has  in- 
tervened, and  by  a careful  supervision 

756 


of  the  customs  receipts,  public  works 
and  police,  will  seek  to  establish  a 
more  stable  government. 

Because  of  its  agricultural,  mineral 
and  forest  wealth,  it  is  not  likely  that 
the  Island  can  continue  much  longer 
in  its  isolated  condition.  It  is  incum- 
bent upon  the  people  of  the  United 
States  to  see  that  the  population, 
which  is  almost  entirely  of  negro 
blood,  is  protected  from  those  who 
will  seek  to  exploit  the  country  for 
personal  profit,  and  is  enabled  to 
secure  the  advantages  of  the  progres- 
sive world  which  surrounds  them,  but 
as  yet  only  touches  them  in  a material 
way. 

The  Haitien  is  proud  of  his  liberty 
and  very  suspicious  of  any  attempt 
on  the  part  of  a stronger  nation  to 
assist  his  people.  Religion  and  educa- 
tion are  the  two  plainly  defined  ways 
to  help  the  ignorant  peasant.  They 
offer  also  the  only  arguments  to  prove 


Our  Mission  in  Haiti 


757 


nant  had  been  made  which  placed  the 
Haitien  Church  under  the  Board  of 
Missions. 

In  the  year  1913,  the  Haitien 
Church,  having  decided  to  surrender 
its  independent  character,  and  having 
made  request  of  the  Church  in  the 
United  States,  was  received  as  a mis- 
sionary district  and  placed  under  the 
jurisdiction  of  the  Bishop  of  Porto 
Rico.  At  present  there  are  twelve 
clergy,  all  natives,  and  twenty-nine 
organized  parishes,  missions  and  sta- 
tions. 

Large  use  has  been  made  of  the 
office  of  lay-reader  in  the  mountain 
district  of  Leogane,  which  is  our  most 
flourishing  country  work.  Each  mis- 
sion has  two  who  read  the  service  on 
alternate  Sundays  in  the  absence  of  a 
clergyman.  These  men  are  proud  of 
their  titles  and  some  of  them  have 
done  excellent  work  for  the  Church. 
They  have  carefully  taught  the  service 
to  those  who  cannot  read,  and  it  is 
most  refreshing  to  hear  the  singing 
and  hearty  responses  at  any  service. 

Some  of  the  clergy  are  beyond  the 
age  for  active  service  among  the  mis- 
sions, and  it  is  well  that  we  have  a 
number  of  young  men  who  have  be- 
come postulants  and  candidates  for 
the  ministry.  One  hundred  dollars 
per  year  will  pay  the  expenses  of  one 
man  at  school.  Scholarships  and 


A COUNTRY  CHAPEL 


A HAITIEN  SOLDIER  IN  TIME  OF 
REVOLUTION 


to  him  that  the  foreigner  does  not 
wish  to  drive  him  from  his  home. 
While  the  American  nation  is  giving 
to  Haiti  material  help,  the  Church  has 
the  opportunity  to  give  spiritual  and 
educational  assistance.  God  grant 
that  we  fall  not  short  of  our  part,  for 
upon  this  depends  the  ultimate  de- 
velopment and  success  of  the  people. 

An  American  negro  clergyman, 
James  Theodore  Holly,  went  to  Haiti 
in  1861  with  a colony  of  111  persons 
and  soon  a missionary  organization 
was  effected.  In  1874  Dr.  Holly  was 
elected  Bishop  of  the  “Orthodox 
Apostolic  Church”  of  Haiti,  and  con- 
secrated in  New  York  after  a cove- 


FIVE LAV-READERS  IN  THE  COUNTRY  MISSIONS  AND  THE  PRIEST  WHO 

DIRECTS  THEM 


traveling  expenses  are  urgently 
needed  for  at  least  four. 

The  immediate  need  is  not  for  more 
mission  stations,  but  to  improve  the 
conditions  of  the  existing  work.  A 
modest  school  can  be  established  in 
the  county  for  $50  and  the  monthly 
expense  of  its  maintenance  should  be 
not  more  than  $35.  Educational  effort 
must  now  receive  the  main 
emphasis,  and  those  points 
will  be  selected  where  the 
greatest  good  can  be  ac- 
complished for  the  poor 
natives  of  the  interior. 

Mention  should  be  made 
of  the  two  Church  schools 
in  Port-au-Prince  for  boys 
and  girls,  which  are  run  by 
our  workers  without  much 
equipment  and  with  no  aid 
from  the  Church  in  the 
States.  We  also  have  in 
the  capital  a small  institu- 
tional work — Clinique  St. 

Jacques.  This  has  re- 
cently been  closed  for  lack 
of  funds.  The  indebted- 
ness has  been  paid,  how- 
ever, and  the  work  will  be 
reorganized. 

758 


The  Church  has  a sacred  duty  to 
combine  her  efforts  with  those  of  the 
American  government,  and  do  what 
she  can  to  assist  these  people  to  a 
worthy  position  among  the  Western 
republics.  The  task  is  by  no  means  a 
hopeless  one,  although  it  presents 
many  difficulties,  and  the  Haitien 
Church  deserves  and  desires  our  aid. 


PREPARING  THE  BISHOP’S  DINNER 


WALTER  CLAYTON  CLAPP 

MISSIONARY  PRIEST 


SHORTLY  after  we  took  posses- 
sion of  the  Philippines  a call 
went  forth  for  the  establishment 
of  the  Church  in  this  new  dependency 
of  the  United 
States,  and  Mr. 

Clapp,  then  rec- 
tor of  St.  John’s 
Church,  Toledo, 
offered  himself. 

He  was  already  a 
man  of  experience 
in  the  ministry 
and  in  educational 
work,  having  been 
associated  with 
several  important 
parishes  and  hav- 
ing spent  two 
years  as  a teacher 
in  the  seminary 
at  Nashotah.  The 
strength  and 
sweetness  of  his 
personal  charac- 
ter also  qualified 
him  to  an  un- 
usual degree  for 
a work  demand- 
ing so  much 
faith  and  patience 
as  that  among  the  natives  of 
the  Philippines.  Bishop  Graves,  of 
Shanghai,  who  was  then  in  charge  of 
the  district,  accepted  Mr.  Clapp’s 
offer  and  he  was  appointed  in  May, 
1901.  Mr.  Clapp  and  his  wife,  in 
company  with  the  Rev.  and  Mrs.  John 
A.  Staunton,  Jr.,  arrived  in  Manila  in 
November,  1901.  During  the  voyage 
Mrs.  Clapp  fell  ill  with  a disease  from 
which  she  never  recovered,  her  death 
occurring  in  February  of  the  follow- 
ing year. 

Shortly  after  his  arrival  in  Manila, 
Mr.  Clapp  was  sent  by  Bishop  Brent, 
who  had  been  elected  by  the  General 
Convention  of  the  previous  year,  to 
look  over  the  field  among  the  Igorots 


of  Northern  Luzon.  Upon  his  return 
he  reported  favorably,  and  in  Febru- 
ary, in  company  with  Bishop  Brent, 
another  visit  was  made  preparatory 
to  the  opening  of 
work  at  Bontoc, 
where  Mr.  Clapp 
took  up  his  resi- 
dence in  June, 
1903.  The  sub- 
stantial and  satis- 
factory nature  of 
his  work  there  is 
well  known  to  all 
those  who  have 
followed  the  his- 
tory of  our  mis- 
sionary endeavor. 
Bontoc  was  the 
forerun  ner  of 
other  missions, 
and  the  con- 
structive work 
done  there  by 
Mr.  Clapp  was 
of  fundamental 
value  to  the  en- 
tire undertaking. 
He  did  much 
work  in  transla- 
tion, set  up  a 
school  and  a dispensary,  and  in  other 
important  ways  raised  the  Igorots  to 
a higher  level. 

Particularly  among  the  children 
was  shown  the  influence  of  his  attrac- 
tive personality.  Bishop  Brent  says 
of  him : “It  is  a picture  to  see  Mr. 
Clapp’s  towering  form  among  the  lit- 
tle children  who  surround  him  from 
early  morning  until  sunset.  Last  night 
we  were  looking  at  a picture  in  Kip- 
ling’s Day's  Work , representing 
“William  the  Conqueror”  walking 
slowly  at  the  head  of  his  flocks.  It 
represents  the  big  hero  followed  by  a 
troop  of  naked  little  ones,  with  a goat 
here  and  there.  If  you  were  to  throw 
in  a mule  (Toledo  is  his  name!)  in 

759 


760 


Sons  of  Boone  in  America 


the  near  distance,  you  would  see  what 
I saw  daily  in  Bontoc.” 

For  nine  years,  with  utter  faithful- 
ness and  consecration,  he  labored 
among  these  primitive  people.  He 
was  then  past  fifty  years  of  age,  and 
at  the  end  of  his  second  furlough  it 
seemed  best  for  him  to  remain  in  the 
United  States.  He  accepted  the  rec- 
torship of  Christ  Church,  Danville, 
Penn.,  and  continued  his  ministry 
with  the  same  simplicity  and  devotion 
which  had  always  marked  the  man. 


Stricken  down  by  an  attack  of  typhoid 
fever,  his  death  occurred  on  Septem- 
ber 18th.  The  Danville  paper  justly 
says  of  him,  “His  life  was  an  example 
of  self-command  and  brotherly  love. 
He  was  a man  of  whom  it  could  truly 
be  said  that  ‘To  know  him  was  to 
love  him.’  ” 

Shortly  before  he  left  Bontoc  Mr. 
Clapp  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Beatrice  Oakes,  who  had  been  for 
many  years  his  faithful  assistant  as 
nurse  in  charge  of  the  dispensary. 


SONS  OF  BOONE  IN  AMERICA 

By  Stewart  E . S.  Yui 

President  of  the  Boone  Club  in  America 


OONE”  has  been  doing  mar- 
jj  vellous  work  in  China. 
Founded  in  Wuchang  in  1871 
as  a boarding  school  for  boys,  in 
memory  of  the  first  bishop  in  China — 
Bishop  W.  J.  Boone — she  was 


BOONE  STUDENTS  AT  THE  ENTRANCE  OF 
THE  TRUE  SUNSHINE  CHURCH,  CHINA- 
TOWN, SAN  FRANCISCO 


equipped  in  1903  with  a college  de- 
partment. Theological  and  medical 
schools  were  soon  established,  and  in 
1909  she  was  incorporated  as  the 
“Boone  University.”  The  number  of 
students  has  increased  from  5 in  1871 
to  over  400  to-day.  Sons  of  Boone 
can  now  be  found  in  all  walks  of  life. 
Almost  all  the  Chinese  clergy  in  the 
Dioceses  of  Hankow  and  Wuhu  have 
received  their  education  from  Boone. 
It  will  not  be  long  before  we  shall 
feel  the  influence  of  Boone  men  every- 
where in  China. 

Boone  is  also  making  rapid  prog- 
ress in  America.  The  first  Boone 
Club  in  America  was  founded  as  early 
as  1909,  but  it  was  not  formally  or- 
ganized until  the  summer  of  1914. 
Its  membership  has  since  been  in- 
creased from  seven  to  over  twenty. 
Last  summer,  the  Club  held  two  re- 
unions— one  in  San  Francisco,  and 
the  other  at  Chicago. 

The  first  reunion  was  held  in  San 
Francisco,  the  city  worldly  known  for 
its  romantic  beauty,  its  wonderful 
climate,  its  cosmopolitan  population, 
and  recently  for  the  Panama-Pacific 
International  Exposition.  The  day 
for  the  reunion  was  the  fifteenth  of 


BOONE  STUDENTS  ON  THE  SUMMIT  OF  MT.  HAMILTON 


August — the  Chinese  Moon-cake 
Festival.  The  Boone  men  who  were 
present  are  Mr.  R.  D.  Shipman,  a 
former  teacher  of  Boone;  Mr.  An- 
drew F.  Zane,  secretary  and  inter- 
preter of  the  Chinese  Exposition 
Commission ; Mr.  George  Lee,  repre- 
sentative in  charge  of  the  Chinese  sec- 
tion in  the  Palace  of  Liberal  Arts ; 
Mr.  Marvin  Wong  who  had  just  ar- 
rived from  China,  and  Mr.  Stewart 
E.  S.  Yui,  president  of  Boone  Club 
in  America. 

The  reunion  began  with  a Holy 
Communion  service  performed  by 
Rev.  Daniel  Ng  in  the  Church  of  True 
Sunshine,  Chinatown.  Mr.  Ng 
prayed  especially  for  Boone  Univer- 
sity and  Boone  Club  in  America.  Our 
men  were  given  the  privilege  of  par- 
taking the  Lord’s  Supper  before  the 
rest  of  the  congregation.  After  the 
service  the  congregation  was  enter- 
tained by  Boone  men  with  fruit  cakes 
which  were  supposed  to  take  the 
place  of  the  regular  Chinese  moon- 
cakes. 

Our  automobile  was  soon  ready.  It 
was  decorated  with  a big  Boone  pen- 
nant in  the  front,  with  a very  beauti- 


ful cupid  sitting  beneath  it.  On  the 
right  side  of  the  automobile  was  fly- 
ing a five-colored  Chinese  national 
flag.  Two  small  Boone  pennants 
were  held  up  by  our  men  sitting  on 
either  side.  Every  one  was  also 
wearing  a badge  with  a yellow  stripe 
of  ribbon  overlapping  a blue  one.  On 
its  top  was  written  in  English  the 
name  which  all  of  us  love  so  dearly — 
Boone — and  on  the  yellow  ribbon  was 
written  the  same  in  Chinese. 

We  passed  several  interesting  places 
on  our  way.  Among  them  was  Palo 
Alto,  in  San  Mateo  County,  where 
the  Leland  Stanford  Junior  Univer- 
sity is  located.  The  Santa  Clara  Val- 
ley. the  most  fertile  and  salubrious 
region  in  California,  presented  to  us 
a most  attractive  view.  The  sun  was 
bright,  and  the  air  was  fragrant.  Our 
musician  sounded  his  mandolin,  and 
our  music,  by  no  means  musical  in  a 
strict  sense,  we  seemed  to  enjoy  sim- 
ply because  it  was  ours. 

Considering  the  fact  that  the 
Boone  men  in  America  are  so  far 
scattered  and  are  rather  few  in  num- 
ber, the  two  reunions  in  1915  must  be 
considered  as  a great  success.  Much 

761 


762 


Sons  of  Boone  in  America 


of  the  success,  however,  must  be  at- 
tributed to  Mr.  Shipman  and  his 
cousin,  Miss  Shipman,  for  their 
hearty  help  and  co-operation.  We  do 
sincerely  hope  that  these  reunions 
may  be  the  beginning  of  a series  of 
greater  and  still  more  successful  re- 
unions in  the  years  to  come.  We 
look  forward  to  the  pleasure  of  see- 
ing our  Boone  flag  flying  on  moun- 
tains twice  as  high  as  Mount  Hamil- 
ton, and  our  reunions  partaken  by  a 
group  of  Boone  men  a hundred  times 
larger  than  the  groups  we  have  yet 
had. 

Then  the  chauffeur  announced  that 
we  were  49  miles  south  of  the  city, 
and  the  place  was  San  Jose.  Hun- 
dreds of  automobiles  had  got  there 
before  us.  Our  thirst  soon  brought 
us  to  a spring.  One  of  our  men 
tasted  the  water  and  began  to 
frown.  “How  do  you  like  it?”  we 


OUR  AUTOMOBILE  PARTY  UNDER  WAY 


asked.  “Not  very  good,”  said  he,  “it 
tastes  like  fried  eggs.” 

After  some  rest,  we  started  again 
and  on  to  the  great  Lick  Observatory 
on  the  summit  of  Mount  Hamilton. 
It  is  thirteen  miles  due  east  of  San 
Jose  and  twenty-seven  miles  to  make 
the  ascent  by  a mountain  road.  As  we 
drove  up  the  hill,  we  caught  a most 
marvellous  panoramic  view  over  the 
Santa  Clara  Valley,  San  Francisco 
Bay  and  the  Santa  Cruz  Mountains. 
We  were  very  glad  indeed  to  discover 
for  the  first  time  the  domes  of  the 
Observatory  far  away  above  us.  But 
they  soon  disappeared.  Then  thev 
appeared  again  and  disappeared  again 
in  succession.  After  some  365  turns 
we  finally  reached  the  Observatory. 
It  is  the  gift  of  Tames  Lick,  a famous 
philanthronist,  and  one  of  the  earliest 
of  the  pioneers.  His  remains  are 
buried  in  the  sunporting  pier  of  the 
36-inch  equatorial  telescope.  The  fin- 
est pictures  of  Halley’s  Comet  were 
made  here,  and,  by  means  of  the 
Crossley  glass,  the  sixth  and  seventh 
satellites  of  Jupiter  were  discovered. 
The  janitor  was  kind  enough  to  lead 
us  around  and  showed  us  how  the 
telescopes  worked.  As  we  were 
quite  sure  that  it  was  the  first  time 
when  the  Boone  pennants  were  flying 
on  Mount  Hamilton,  and  as  it  was 
perhaps  also  the  first  time  to  see  the 
Chinese  national  flag  there,  so  we  had 
a picture  taken  to  commemorate  the 
occasion. 

The  sun  was  beginning  to  set.  We 
started  our  way  back.  There  soon 
came  a cold  breeze  which  made  all  of 
us  put  on  our  overcoats.  Then  we 
sang  our  college  motto  song,  which 
began  with  the  familiar  lines : 

“ ’Mid  Life’s  changing  scenes  scat- 
tered nearer  or  far, 

We  can  never  forget  our  loved  Alma 
Mater.” 


THE  PUBLIC  PARK  OF  RIO  DE  JANEIRO 
The  charm  rf  the  Passeio  Publico  is  a broad  promenade  built  up  along  the  water’s  edgi 


SPREADING  THE  LIGHT  IN  BRAZIL 

By  Hedwig  Sergei 


THE  sky  behind  the  lofty  avenue 
of  palm-trees  was  aglow  with  a 
sinking  sun  and  the  humming- 
birds seemed  loath  to  leave  the 
richly  scented  blossoms. 

“Light — light ! Oh,  give  me  light !” 
moaned  a dying  girl.  “No,  no!  I do 
not  want  to  die — I am  afraid  to  die! 
It  is  all  so  dark,  so  dark — ” and  the 
lips  became  silent. 

A short  time  before,  a missionary 
and  his  wife  had  been  sent  to  the 
house  across  the  road,  and  as  day  by 
day  hymns  of  praise  and  prayer 
ascended,  wondering,  half-wistful 
faces  appeared  in  the  windows  of  the 
sick  girl’s  home;  yet  the  barrier  of 
strangeness  and  newness  must  first  be 
broken  down,  and  the  Gospel  had 
come  too  late  for  the  weary  sufferer. 

Months  passed  by  and  the  mission- 
aries’ hands  and  time  grew  daily 
fuller  in  their  new  field  of  labor. 


“Will  you  please  come  to  my  mother? 
My  sister  Mariguitas  has  just  passed 
away.”  The  speaker  was  a typical 
Brazilian  youth  of  culture  and  intel- 
lect; he  had  come  to  ask  the  mission- 
ary to  console  the  sorrowing  mother. 
“Mariguitas”  had  been  a Sunday- 
school  child  in  the  early  days  of  the 
mission  in  the  Southern  State;  as  she 
grew  into  womanhood  she  had  cared 
chiefly  for  the  things  of  this  world; 
yet,  during  the  last  weeks  of  her  ill- 
ness she  had  again  shown  an  interest 
in  spiritual  things.  The  death  of  her 
only  little  son,  the  visits  of  a lady  mis- 
sionary and  the  memories  of  faithful 
instruction  in  the  olden  days  all  com- 
bined to  make  her  death-bed  one  of 
peaceful  trust  and  joyous  hope.  As 
the  missionary  and  his  wife  paused  at 
the  entrance  of  the  large,  sombre  old 
mansion,  strange,  weird  wails  could 
now  and  then  be  faintly  heard,  but — 

763 


764 


“Robbing  Peter  to  Pay  Paul” 


could  it  be  real?  Yes,  now  more  dis- 
tinctly, along  the  vaulted  corridor 
came  the  softly  sung  chorus : “Que 
alegria,  sem  peccado  ou  mal”  (“Joyful, 
joyful  will  the  meeting  be”)  ; the  voice 
was  a child’s  voice,  the  child  little 
Ivan,  the  son  of  the  eldest  daughter 
of  the  house,  the  one  communicant  of 
the  family.  The  child’s  words  were 
almost  prophetic,  for  the  bereaved 
mother,  almost  in  despair,  was  led  be- 
fore long  to  find  her  consolation  and 
strong  hope  in  the  Gospel;  the  hus- 
band, hardly  knowing  whither  to  turn 
in  his  grief,  was  won  to  accept  the 
Gospel  through  the  tactful  sympathy 
of  the  missionary,  who  in  the  early 
days  had  sown  the  word  in  Mariguitas’ 
heart,  and  to-day  a younger  brother 
and  sister  are  also  communicants. 

The  Book  of  Common  Prayer  was 
the  silent  messenger  of  comfort  to  a 
young  Brazilian  girl,  who  but  a few 
days  ago  died  in  a home  which  no 
missionary  had  yet  entered. 

In  Brazil,  as  elsewhere,  the  fields 
are  white  unto  harvest.  Oh  that  more 
laborers  fully  equipped  were  forth- 
coming ! 


Realizing  the  deep  need,  and  grate- 
ful for  the  blessedness,  the  Church 
Mission  has  brought  into  her  life,  a 
Brazilian  girl,  of  high  social  standing, 
is  willing  to  devote  herself  to  work 
amongst  her  sisters,  but  the  means 
are  not  forthcoming;  yet  even  so  she 
is  devoting  her  all;  her  Sunday-school 
class  love  her ; the  parents  respect  and 
welcome  her,  and  many  a careless 
heart  has  been  led  to  accept  the  truth 
through  her  tactful  influence.  Few 
know,  indeed,  that  her  visits  often 
mean  walking  long  distances  as  the 
tram-fare  is  not  forthcoming,  or  that 
the  irreproachably  neat  little  person 
possesses  but  one  pair  of  almost  sole- 
less shoes ; yet  she  is  very  happy  in 
her  ministry. 

The  jagged  Organ  Mountains  partly 
encircle  the  beautiful  bay  of  Rio  de 
Janeiro,  and  their  highest  peak  is 
called  the  “Finger  of  God.”  Shall 
nature  alone  proclaim  the  great  Crea- 
tor of  all,  and  human  lips  fail  to  tell 
of  His  love  and  mercy?  Shall  we  not 
rather  take  our  share  and  hear  the 
summons : “Arise,  He  calleth  thee ” 


“ROBBING  PETER  TO  PAY  PAUL” 


A SOMEWHAT  mitigating  fea- 
ture of  the  sacking  and  pillag- 
ing that  has  characterized  the 
revolutionary  activities  in  Mexico  has 
been  the  occasional  endeavor  to  even 
up  the  good  things  by  taking  from  the 
abundance  of  the  rich  and  giving  it 
to  the  poor.  Such  an  instance  hap- 
pened to  our  little  mission  at  Jojutla, 
in  the  state  of  Morelos,  where  Zapata 
and  his  followers  of  fearful  fame 
have  been  active  since  the  outbreak  of 
the  Madero  revolution. 

On  a Sunday  morning  after  the 
town  had  been  retaken  by  the  Zapa- 
tistas, while  our  little  congregation 
was  at  worship  a squad  of  cavalry 
rode  up  to  the  open  door  of  the  chapel 


and  the  leader  entered.  After  glanc- 
ing about  for  a moment  he  called  out 
to  the  minister  in  the  chancel : 

“Little  Father,  where  are  your 
saints?  Have  you  no  saints?” 

“No,  Capitan,”  the  clergyman  re- 
plied, “we  have  no  saints.” 

At  this  the  officer  wheeled  his 
horse  about  and  rode  out.  In  the 
course  of  a few  moments  he  and  his 
followers  returned,  bearing  under 
their  arms  a good  assortment  of 
images,  which  the  “capitan”  pre- 
sented, saying:  “Here,  Little  Father, 
are  some  saints  for  you.” 

The  “saints”  had  been  taken  from 
the  largest  church  in  the  town. 

H.  D.  A. 


STRANGERS  IN  HONOLULU 


In  our  March  issue  Bishop  Restarick  told  of  a little  girl  named  Lita  Greig,  a 
descendant  of  the  “King  of  Fanning  Island,”  who  had  come  to  the  Priory  School 
in  Honolulu  for  her  education.  Last  month  one  of  the  Bishop’s  letters  contained  the 
following  information,  together  with  the  accompanying  pictures : 


THE  STRANGERS  IN  HONOLULU 
The  Gilbert  Island  men  and  the  Marshall  Islander 
who  interpreted 


A WEEK  ago  a steamer  came  up 
from  Fanning  Island  bringing 
to  me  a letter  from  Lita’s  father 
asking  me  to  let  her  see  some  Gilbert 
Island  men  who  came  up  to  see  Hono- 
lulu. I took  the  little  girl  down  to 
the  steamer  Kestrel,  where  I found 
the  men,  dressed  as  in  the  picture. 
They  were  very  glad  to  see  her,  but 
she  was  shy  and  would  not  speak  to 
them,  although  they  coaxed  her  in 
every  way.  She  seems  to  have  forgot- 
ten their  language  in  six  months.  The 
men  are  all  Christians,  and  I could 
converse  with  them  through  a Mar- 
shall Islander,  who  understands  not 
only  his  own  language,  but  the  Gil- 
bertese  and  English.  Before  coming 
to  Honolulu  these  men  had  never  seen 


a mountain,  as  the  highest  spot  in  the 
Gilbert  Islands  is  about  six  feet  above 
the  level  of  the  sea,  and  at  Fanning, 
which  is  an  atoll,  there  is  no  greater 
elevation  than  that.  Of  course,  they 
had  never  seen  an  automobile,  nor  any 
of  the  other  wonders  here.  Three  of 
them  came  to  church  at  the  cathedral, 
where  they  heard  a pipe-organ  for  the 
first  time.  They  were  later  taken  up 
the  tower,  and  the  young  man  who 
escorted  them  says  that  they  went  up 
on  all-fours,  as  they  were  evidently 
afraid,  or  were  made  dizzy  by  the 
spiral  staircase. 

Honolulu,  situated  at  the  cross- 
roads of  the  Pacific,  receives  many  a 
stranger  within  its  gates. 


THE  BISHOP  AND  LITA  GREIG 
Lita  has  now  been  a year  in  the  Priory  School, 
Honolulu,  where  she  will  remain  until  she 
is  eighteen  years  old 


765 


“SEEDING  THE  DOCTRINE” 


IN  the  important  Chinese  city  of 
Wusih,  the  Church  maintains  a 
school  for  Chinese  boys.  The  mis- 
sionary finds  it  at  once  his  joy  and 
his  problem — a joy  because  of  the  re- 
sults which  it  produces  in  the  lives 
of  the  scholars,  a problem  because  he 
has  so  little  with  which  to  work,  and 
must  again  and  again  turn  his  back 
upon  opportunities  which  offer.  He 
says,  “I  have  forty- five  boys,  though 
I ought  not  to  have  them;  so  long  as 
exchange  keeps  at  war  rates  I try  to 
forget  the  future,  but  when  it  becomes 
normal  again  I must  either  disappear 
or  go  to  jail.  Also,  I have  not  a bit 
more  room.  I am  doing  everything 
possible  to  get  land  for  the  school  but 
it  drags  slowly.” 

All  this  is  typical  of  the  situation 
among  our  missionaries  in  China.  It 
probably  could  be  duplicated  in  a 
dozen  places,  which  makes  all  the 
more  significant  the  following  letter, 
written  to  our  missionary  in  Wusih 
by  one  of  the  former  students  of  St. 
Mark’s  School.  We  hope  those  who 
read  it  will  lay  it  to  heart. 

❖ 

Shanghai,  July  4th,  1915. 
My  Dear  Sir : 

When  I reached  my  home,  I told 
my  parents  all  the  discussion  which 

we  had  in ’s  study  a few  days 

ago.  My  parents  were  very  glad  as 
they  heard  it  and  promised  to  send  my 
brother  to  Wusih  if  you  allow  him  to 
study  in  your  school.  It  is  a long 
period  since  the  matter  discussed,  now 
I am  earnestly  waiting  for  your  good 
replying  and  hope  you  give  me  your 
answers  to  the  above-mentioned  ad- 
dress. 

In  bring  out  my  father  idea  to 
send  my  brother  into  your  school,  it 
is  better  for  me  to  again  clear  the 
ideas  once.  Of  course,  the  first  one 
is  to  give  my  brother  a good  chance 

766 


to  continue  his  study  if  you  kindly 
give  him  an  opportunity,  but  more 
than  that  is  to  give  a chance  to  help 
him  to  be  a Christian.  So  you  know 
I am  the  Christian,  it  is  simply  be- 
cause the  doctrine  seeded  in  heart  day 
after  day  and  at  last  it  made  me  the 
Christian,  not  directly  and  suddenly 
owing  to  there  is  anybody  to  advise 
to  do  so.  Now  as  I am  the  Christian, 
my  first  duty  to  help  my  whole  family 
to  leave  the  darkness.  My  parents, 
to  the  head  of  my  family  do  not  be- 
lieve my  word  suddenly,  so  now  I 
decide  to  lead  my  brother  to  be  the 
Christian  first,  and  then  afterward  I 
think  my  parents  will  naturally  be- 
come the  Christian  too,  as  we  both  in- 
fluence them. 

It  is  a very  little  chance  for  my 
brother  to  hear  the  doctrine  and  go 
to  Church,  as  he  always  studied  in 
non-Christian  school,  and  as  most  of 
my  time  is  in  the  college  have  no  much 
time  to  teach  him  the  doctrine.  For 
these  causes,  therefore,  I ask  my 
parents  to  send  him  to  Wusih,  and  as 
earnestly  hope  you  receive  him  and 
give  us  all  a great  grand  opportunity. 

I know  now  your  school  is  full,  as 
you  told  me,  but  I think  it  will  cer- 
tainly give  my  brother  a place  if  you 
find  for  him,  and  moreover  it  will  cost 
you  not  very  much  and  mean  a great 
deal  to  my  brother  and  my  whole 
family. 

I am, 

You  faithfully  student, 


A member  of  the  Brotherhood  of  St.  Andrew 
writes: 

1HAVE  not  as  yet  a job,  but  where 
I get  bread  at  the  grocery  store 
I get  it  at  half  price  and  my  mother 
gives  me  half  of  what  I save  and  so 
far  I have  saved  four ' dollars,  so  I 
will  send  one  dollar  to  the  Emergency 
Fund.” 


THE  PICTURE  STORY  OF  AN  ADOBE 
CHURCH  HOUSE 


By  the  Rev.  E.  J.  Hoering 


IN  the  year  1908,  when  Tucumcari, 
New  Mexico,  was  an  infant  in 
arms,  two  or  three  of  her  citizens 
who  were  loyal  Church  people  asso- 
ciated themselves  as  the  nucleus  of  a 
new  mission.  Services  were  held  at 
private  houses,  in  the  court  house, 
and  even  in  a garage.  The  result  in- 
spired the  few  faithful  workers  to 
build  a little  adobe  building  which  is 
shown  above.  It  was  completed  in 
1909. 

The  second  picture  shows  the  in- 
terior of  the  church.  The  lectern  is 
a packing  box  and  the  little  altar  a 
kitchen  table,  though  decent  cover- 
ings of  white  conceal  their  character. 
Thus  the  building  was  used  for  six 
years. 

But  on  July  3rd  of  this  year  a new 
missionary  arrived  in  Tucumcari  to 
find  that  the  congregation  had 


planned  and  completed  an  addition  to 
the  building,  as  shown  in  the  third 
picture.  The  building  committee 
were  “the  real  thing,”  and  as  a sig- 
nificant suggestion  presented  the  new 
missionary  with  a suit  of  overalls. 
He  joined  the  builders  and  soon  a 
set  of  chancel  furniture  was  made,  in- 
cluding a platform  and  real  pulpit, 
choir  stalls  and  a retable  for  the  altar. 
A prayer-desk  and  lectern  had  previ- 
ously been  made  by  a member  of  the 
“building”  committee.  After  these 
additions,  the  result  was  that  the  in- 
terior of  the  church  now  appears  as 
in  the  accompanying  picture. 

Of  course  there  is  a Sunday-school. 
Without  it  there  could  be  no  real 
church  growth.  A picture  shows 
them  on  July  4th,  gathered  before  the 
door  of  the  adobe  building.  At  the 
rate  at  which  the  school  is  now  grow- 
ing it  will  soon  double  its  numbers. 

In  July  St.  Michael’s  Athletic  Club 
was  organized,  for  we  believe  that 
clean,  manly  athletics  is  a most  valu- 
able aid  in  the  building-up  of  Chris- 
tian character.  If  a boy  lives  up  to 
the  best  athletic  traditions  of  our 
country,  he  must  of  necessity  become 
first  a man,  and,  secondly,  a gentle- 
man. Any  attempt  to  become  a 
Christian  without  first  becoming  a 
man  and  a gentleman  will  result  in 


767 


THE  ADOBE  BUILDING  WITH  ITS  ADDITION 


failure.  A senior  and  a junior  or- 
ganization are  specializing  in  games 
and  track  work.  The  boys 
built  their  own  tennis 
court,  and  are  enthusiastic 
in  its  use. 

Another  avenue  of  serv- 
ice to  the  community  was 
opened  when,  at  the  end  of 
August,  St.  Michael’s  In- 
stitute of  Liberal  Educa- 
tion was  organized.  Com- 
mercial subjects  and  music 
are  taught  in  morning  and 
evening  classes,  the  profits 
going  into  the  new  church 
building  fund. 

Here  is  a picture  taken 
by  flashlight  of  an  evening 
class  at  the  Institute.  As 
we  have  but  the  one  build- 
ing, the  blackboard  stands 
in  front  of  the  chancel  rail 
and  hides  the  altar.  There 
is  a movement  on  foot  to 
build  a church.  When  this 
is  done  the  present  edifice 
will  be  used  as  a parish 
house.  We  must  not  for- 
get to  mention  that  our 
Sunday-School  Finance 


Association  operates  a photographic 
gallery,  studio  and  darkroom 


THE  PRESENT  CHURCH  INTERIOR 


768 


(the  latter  in  the  bathroom  adjoining 
the  rector  s study),  the  proceeds  also 
going  to  the  building  fund.  The  pic- 
tures accompanying  this  article  show 
some  of  the  results. 


bersUrnfaSti?iCtwe  Sh0ws  a few  mem- 
t>ers  of  the  Womens  Guild that 

most  important  factor  in  the  life  of  a 
mission.  a 

The  happy  smile  on  their  faces  is 


THE  SUNDAY-SCHOOL  ON  JULY  FOURTH 


769 


ST.  MICHAEL’S  INSTITUTE  OF  LIBERAL  EDUCATION 


due  partly  to  the  fact  that  they  are 
active  workers  who  are  constantly 
achieving  something  for  their  dear 
Church,  and  partly  to  the  fact  that 
they  are  about  to  be  entertained  at  a 
sumptuous  “tea,”  prepared  and  served 


by  the  men  in  the  group,  and  the  mis- 
sionary who  took  the  photograph. 

St.  Michael’s  Mission,  Tucumcari, 
New  Mexico,  is  growing  and  prosper- 
ing because  “the  people  have  a mind 
to  work.” 


770 


TIIE  INDISPENSABLE  GUILD  AND  THEIR  MALE  HOSTS 


BOARDING-SCHOOL  LIFE  IN  A 
CHINESE  CITY 

By  the  Rev.  Henry  A.  McNulty 


IF  you  were  coming  for  the  first 
time  to  Soochow  you  would  prob- 
ably take  the  train  from  Shanghai, 
traveling  on  the  well-equipped  Shang- 
hai-Nanking  Railway  for  fifty  miles 
through  one  great  rice  field,  which  is 
intersected  by  many  picturesque 
canals;  for  there  is  not  a single  road 
in  this  part  of  China.  As  you  ap- 
proach the  city  the  ivy-covered  city 
wall  would  greet  your  eyes  on  the 
left.  Alighting  from  the  train  you 
would  jump  into  a rickshaw  and  be 
trotted  by  your  coolie  to  a point  on 
the  canal  opposite  the  northwest  cor- 
ner of  the  wall.  Here,  leaving  the 
rickshaw,  you  would  ferry  across,  and 
then  walk  for  perhaps  twenty  min- 
utes, passing  through  the  busy  city 
gate  and  finding  yourself  in  the  heart 
of  the  China  of  the  ancient  days. 
Coolies,  carrying  on  bamboo  poles 
goods  of  every  sort  and  description, 
and  shouting  their  weird  carrying  cry, 
donkeys  with  bells  jingling,  sedan 
chairs  passing,  beggars  following — all 
the  noises  and  odors  of  a Chi- 
nese city  would  burst  upon  you 
suddenly.  Then,  passing  down 
a little  eight-foot-wide  s.treet 
and  crossing  a small  canal,  the 
wall  of  our  school  compound 
would  face  you.  You  would 
already  have  seen 
the  roofs  of  our 
church  and  of 
some  of  our  other 
buildings,  includ- 
ing the  red  roof  of 
the  boys’  school 
and  the  green  roof 
of  the  Women’s 
Bible  Training 
School. 

Coming  to  the 
gate  of  the  com- 


pound, as  you  pass  through  you 
would  see  an  old  man  who  would 
certainly  be  standing  at  “atten- 
tion” if  he  knew  you  were  coming. 
He  is  the  lau  dzing-boo  (literally  “old 
policeman”)  and  by  that  title  he  is 
always  called.  One  would  think  he 
had  no  name.  He  came  to  us  almost 
with  the  starting  of  the  school,  in 
1902,  and  he  has  been  faithfulness 
itself.  Entering,  the  main  school 
building  faces  you,  with  other  small 
Chinese  buildings  and  a classroom  to 
the  right.  Passing  under  the  arch  of 
the  main  building  you  see  more  Chi- 
nese buildings  and  here  again  you  will 
almost  certainly  be  greeted  warmly  by 
the  school’s  old  friend  and  proctor, 
Mr.  ’Oo  Ts-Kyung.  The  greeting 
would,  I fear,  be  in  Chinese,  though 
sometimes  Mr.  ’Oo  tries  an  English 
word;  but  he  has  as  yet  learned. Eng- 
lish only  to  the  letter  A.  If  it  is  not 
study  time  for  the  boys,  you  will  find 
the  place  very  active.  Passing  to  the 
right  along  a path  you  will  come  to 
the  head-master’s  house,  and 
beyond  that  to  the  athletic 
field,  with  the  beautiful 
church  just  to  the  south. 

In  Soochow  Academy 
some  of  the  boys  are  boarders 
— about  eighty  out  of  the  one 
hundred  and  thirty ; 
and  they  are  from 
ten  to  twenty-two 
years  of  age.  If 
we  go  to  the  dor- 
mitories, we  shall 
find  one  big  room 
with  about  forty- 
five  iron  bedsteads, 
and  a number  of 
small  rooms  where 
three  and  four 
bovs  room  to- 


ONE  OF  OUR  BOYS 


771 


772 


Boarding-School  Life  in  a Chinese  City 


gether.  The  beds  have  no  mattresses 
or  springs ; the  boys  all  sleep 
on  boards,  on  which,  however,  they 
place  their  cotton-padded  quilts ; 
so  a foreigner  does  not  need  to 
worry  too  much  about  their  com- 
fort. Every  bed  has  its  mosquito 
net,  for  the  mosquitoes  are  worse  even 
than  the  famous  New  Jersey  variety. 
Each  boy  has  to  make  his  bed  every 
morning,  and  a prize  is  given  half- 
yearly  for  the  boy  who  keeps  the  neat- 
est place.  By  each  bed  is  a little 
Chinese  table  and  stool  and  each  boy 
has  a locker  for  his  clothes.  In  the 
queer  pigskin  trunk  which  you  will 
see  under  almost  every  bed  the  stu- 
dent keeps  the  articles  he  does  not 
immediately  need. 

If  we  go  to  dinner  with  the  boys 
we  shall  find  a number  of  shining  red 
tables,  without  a tablecloth,  and  six 
bovs  seated  at  each  table  At  one 
side  of  the  dining-room  is  a huge 
bucket  of  rice,  from  which  the  boys 
help  themselves  when  their  bowls  are 
empty.  In  the  centre  of  the  tables  are 
bowls  of  fish  and  pork  and  vegetables, 
from  which  dishes  the  boys  all  eat  in 
common — using,  of  course,  their  chop- 
sticks. Each  student  must  also  have 
his  cup  of  tea.  As  for  the  tea,  from 
the  time  the  bovs  get  ud  in  the  morn- 
ing until  bed  time  at  night  there  will 
alwavs  be  a big  urn  of  tea  from  which 
the  bovs  help  themselves  whenever 
they  please,  just  as  our  Western  boys 
would  go  to  a water-cooler. 

There  used  to  be  regulations  as  to 
having  the  head  reeularlv  shaved  and 
the  oueue  plaited,  but  at  the  time  of 
the  Revolution  queues  disappeared  as 
if  bv  maeic,  and  now  foreign  fash- 
ions for  brushing  the  hair  are  the 
order  of  the  day.  One  or  two  verv 
rash  bovs,  and  at  times  a teacher,  will 
appear  in  foreign  clothes : but  as  vet 
Soochow  has  not  been  much  touched 
bv  such  outward  manifestations  of 
Western  influence. 

Now — in  the  fall — the  athletic  field 
would  be  alive  with  boys,  and  you 


would  probably  see  as  interesting  an 
exhibition  of  Association  football  as 
you  ever  saw  in  your  life.  The  Chi- 
nese boys  learn  early  to  use  their  feet 
in  an  interesting  native  game  they 
have ; and  so  it  is  not  strange  that 
they  excel  in  football.  They  play  a 
fair,  clean  game,  too,  with  almost  no 
“scrapping.”  If  you  were  to  arrive 
in  spring,  you  would  find  track  ath- 
letics taking  the  place  of  football, 
and  the  races  that  are  run  are  really 
worth  going  a long  way  to  behold. 
All  but  a very  few  among  the  particu- 
larly dignified  older  boys  go  with  vim 
into  track  athletics.  Of  course,  we 
have  our  “ ’varsity  team,”  and  this 
team  represents  the  school  in  the 
many  interscholastic  meets  we  have ; 
for  in  Soochow  there  are  four  other 
mission  middle  schools  and  a large 
number  of  Chinese  Government 
schools.  Two  years  ago  an  inter- 
scholastic association  was  formed 
with  eleven  schools  as  members.  This 
has  been  a really  wonderful  innova- 
tion ; for  before  the  Revolution  such 
a thing  as  co-operation  between  the 
Government  and  mission  schools 
would  have  been  a thing  unheard  of. 
Now  in  this  Association  we  have 
interscholastic  oratorical  contests 
and  interscholastic  football  and 
track-meets,  while  the  teachers  come 
together  at  times  for  social  gather- 
ings and  addresses  by  outside 
But  to  return  to  the  athletics. 
Among  the  younger  boys  in  the  school 
itself  we  have  different  teams.  There 
is,  for  example,  hot  rivalry  between 
the  boarding  and  day  pupils.  Tremen- 
dously exciting  contests  are  fought 
out  between  these  rival  camps,  every- 
thing being  done  in  approved  style, 
with  the  “ ’varsity”  boys  as  judges, 
starters  or  time-keepers,  while  the 
youngsters  themselves  must  have 
their  “rubbers  down,”  assistants  to 
hold  their  blankets,  and  everything 
that  should  be  done  to  make  the  sight 
imposing!  Tea  must  be  always  on 
hand  for  the  thirsty  contestants,  but 


SCHOOL  BATTALION  SALUTING  A VISITOR 


they  have  not  yet  seen  the  importance 
of  a college  training-table ! In  their 
contests,  of  course,  every  boy  is 
stripped  for  the  fray — some  even 
wear  spiked  shoes.  But  it  is  no  un- 
common sight  to  see  an  improvised 
contest  being  fought  to  a finish  where 
the  great  majority  of  the  boys,  in  spite 
of  heart-broken  pleadings  from  the 
onlookers,  simply  tuck  up  the  long 
skirts  of  their  gowns  and  pile  right 
in.  For,  of  course,  all  the  boys,  even 
the  youngsters,  must  wear  long 
gowns,  befitting  their  dignity  as  stu- 
dents ! 

One  sometimes  smiles  at  the  intens- 
ity of  all  this  athletic  enthusiasm,  but 
it  is  always  encouraged.  For  until 
mission  schools  taught  the  necessity 
for  strong  bodies  it  was  considered 
undignified  for  a scholar  or  a pros- 
pective scholar  to  take  exercise.  The 
coolies  were  in  China  to  do  the  man- 
ual work  and  to  run  with  the  rick- 
shaws; why  then  this  strenuous  and 
altogether  foolish  efifort  on  the  part 
of  the  better  classes ! The  scholars 
must  use  their  brains — not  their 
bodies.  The  consequence  is  that  the 
old-time  scholar  is  weak  in  body ; and 
the  great  prevalence  of  tuberculosis 


in  the  scholar  class  is  a daily  witness 
to  the  need  for  change.  Among  the 
older  Christian  leaders  our  own  mis- 
sion has  had  abundant  proof  of  the 
evil  results  of  a neglect  of  bodily 
exercise.  Nor  is  it  the  older  men 
alone  who  fall  victims  to  the  scourge 
of  tuberculosis.  We  have  a most 


rev.  f.  k.  woo 


773 


774 


Boarding-School  Life  in  a Chinese  City 


painful  example  in  the  case  of  the 
Rev.  F.  K.  Woo,  now  lying  ill  with 
that  dread  disease.  As  vice-principal 
of  the  school,  he  has  rendered  conse- 
crated service,  and  has  made  Chris- 
tianity real  to  the  boys  for  whom  he 
has  given  his  life. 

One  extreme  illustration  of  the 
attitude  of  the  old-time  scholar  which 
came  to  the  writer’s  notice  two  years 
ago  will  drive  home  the  moral  that 
athletics  are  necessary.  One  day  a 
Chinese  gentleman  came  to  the  school 
to  visit  a friend.  As  he  held  his  right 
hand  in  his  lap  the  writer  noticed 
what  looked  at  first  like  the  stem  of 
a Chinese  water-pipe.  But  on  looking 
again  it  became  evident  that  the  gen- 
tleman was  holding  no  water-pipe, 
but  that  on  each  of  his  fingers  he  was 
wearing  extraordinarily  long  bamboo 
nail-protectors.  With  some  trepida- 
tion, as  we  did  not  know  if  it  would 
be  polite,  the  gentleman  was  asked  if 
he  would  be  willing  to  take  off  the 
protectors.  He  seemed  pleased  to 
comply,  and  on  removing  the  bamboo 
tubes,  to  our  astonishment,  we  saw  that 
from  each  finger  extended,  curled  and 
yellow,  nails  each  about  a foot  long. 
Our  friend  was  asked  how  long  the 
nails  had  been  in  growing,  and  he 
answered  with  pride,  “Twenty-nine 
years.”  For  all  that  time  his  hand 
had  been  a useless  encumbrance — it 
must  have  been  worse  than  having  no 
hand  at  all.  And  all  because  such  a 
thing  as  manual  labor  was  to  be 
deprecated.  Nearly  all  the  old-time 
teachers  have  at  least  two  long  finger- 
nails extending  an  inch  or  two  beyond 
the  finger-tips.  But  of  late,  so  far  as 
the  writer’s  experience  goes,  this  cus- 
tom seems  to  be  going  out  of  fash- 
ion. One  never  sees  abnormally  long 
finger-nails  on  the  younger  Chinese 
trained  in  Western  schools,  and  one 
might  almost  say  that  the  younger 
generation  of  educated  Chinese  have 
given  up  this  strange  custom. 

Turning  to  the  study  time  of  the 
boys,  if  we  visit  the  school  during 


the  hours  between  half -past  eight  and 
four  we  should  see  a far  different 
sight  from  that  which  the  athletic 
field  presents.  All  our  boys  are  tre- 
mendously interested  in  studying 
English,  and  so  if  you  were  to  visit 
the  school  in  the  afternoon  you  would 
probably  understand  something  of 
what  is  going  on.  In  the  morning 
Chinese  is  studied  and  you  might  have 
greater  difficulty.  If  the  English 
sounds  the  boys  make  are  not  per- 
fect, at  any  rate,  you  would  find  each 
one  “on  his  toes”  to  make  his  English 
better.  The  English  vowel  sounds, 
the  “th”  and  the  “r”  and  the  final  “s” 
sounds,  are  particularly  hard.  But 
then  we  can  hardly  complain  as  for- 
eigners at  times  have  troubles  of  their 
own  in  pronouncing  Chinese  sounds. 
For  instance,  two  of  the  best  all- 
round boys  the  school  has  turned  out 
are  named  respectively  Ng  Ngauk-Su 
and  Dzi  S-Kvuin,  while  the  poor  for- 
eigner who  sees  for  the  first  time  on 
his  school  roll-books  the  lists  of  the 
’Oo  or  the  Koeh  or  the  Hyui  boys  feels 
that  there  is  something  still  to  be 
learned  in  the  pronunciation  of  Chi- 
nese. The  English  course  carries  the 
boys  through  practically  what  would 
be  the  highest  class-work  in  one  of 
our  home  high  schools.  In  the  Chi- 
nese department  in  the  morning,  par- 
ticularly among  the  young  boys,  we 
should  find  a curious  arrangement. 
The  young  boys  all  study  aloud,  with 
the  Chinese  teacher  sometimes  leading 
them  in  their  strange  chant. 

Another  interesting  thing  is  the 
eagerness  of  the  boys  to  learn  to  sing. 
One  of  the  delights  of  the  school  life 
is  to  take  the  boys,  class  by  class,  and 
train  them  in  the  Western  scale.  Chi- 
nese music  has  been  “a  thing  of 
beauty”  from  ’way  before  Confucius’s 
time.  The  Analects  tell  of  Confucius 
striving  for  mastery  in  this  art.  But 
to  the  Western  ear  the  music  is  weird 
and  lacking  in  any  real  harmony.  The 
Chinese  scale  is  not  the  Western 
scale,  and,  though  it  has  a mathe - 


rooms.  12.  Class-rooms  and  Teachers’-rooms.  13.  Dormitories  and  Lavatories.  14.  Prop- 
erty not  belonging  to  School.  15.  Athletic  Field.  16.  Compound  Gate-House. 


maiical  excuse  for  existence,  most 
Westerners  would  say  it  had  no  other. 
To  a Chinese  untrained  in  Western 
music,  the  half-tones  generally  mean 
nothing.  The  consequence  is  that  in 
church  we  have  to  be  very  careful  to 
omit,  unless  we  are  courting  discords, 
any  tune  in  which  a sharp  is  changed 
to  a natural,  or  vice  versa.  For  ex- 
emple,  the  beautiful  common  tune  to 
“There  is  a Green  Hill  Far  Away,” 
we  never  attempt,  for  fear  of  a sad 
catastrophe  in  the  last  note  of  the 
third  line. 

Chinese  music  is  generally  sung  to 
the  accompaniment  of  an  instrument 
something  like  a small  violin,  with  the 
bow  caught  under  the  strings  and 
then  pulled  up,  not  pressed  dowrn. 
And  the  singing,  whether  of  men  or 


women,  is  in  a high  falsetto  which  to 
Western  ears  seems  purely  artificial. 
But  when  the  boys  begin  young 
enough  most  of  them  learn  the  for- 
eign scale  easily,  and  they  sing  with 
a gusto  that  carries  everything  before 
it.  The  older  students  delight  in  try- 
ing to  sing  parts,  and  at  times  sing 
very  well.  From  the  Christian  boys 
we  have  developed  a choir  of  twenty 
voices.  These  boys  have  done  won- 
derfully. Every  year  the  choir  goes 
off  somewhere  for  a day’s  outing. 
Last  year  we  went  to  a city  called 
Quinsan,  and  as  special  services  were 
being  held  at  our  mission  there  the 
boys  gave  up  part  of  their  day’s  out- 
ing to  sing  in  the  little  crowded  mis- 
sion chapel.  It  may  be  taken  for 
granted  that  such  clear,  true  singing 

775 


776 


Boarding-School  Life  in  a Chinese  City 


had  never  before  been  heard  in  that 
city. 

Another  interesting  feature  in  the 
boys’  school  life  is  the  Literary  So- 
ciety. This  Society  is  run  entirely  by 
the  students  and  meets  every  two 
weeks.  Though  attendance  is  quite 
voluntary,  hardly  a boy  in  the  school 
fails  to  attend  the  meetings.  Besides 
the  debates,  and  the  oratorical  con- 
tests in  Chinese  or  English,  there  is 
a feature  devised  by  the  boys  them- 
selves which  would  hardly  be  found 
in  a Western  literary  society — that  is, 
practice  in  interpretation.  One  of  the 
members  will  give  an  address  in  Chi- 
nese while  another  member,  standing 
by  his  side,  translates  the  speaker’s 
words  into  English.  Sometimes  this 
process  is  reversed.  This  feature  of 
the  society  is  a most  practical  one  in 
a country  where  English  is  being  al- 
most universally  studied  by  the  better- 
class  Chinese. 

Side  by  side  with  the  purely  secular 
education  and  the  athletics,  of  course, 
stands  the  religious  and  moral  train- 
ing of  the  boys;  for  without  this  our 
school  and  other  mission  schools 
would  have  no  reason  for  their  exist- 
ence. Definite  religious  instruction  is 
given  throughout  a boy’s  stay ; so  that 
with  this,  and  the  influence  of  the 
church  services,  and  of  the  strong 
voluntary  religious  society  in  the 
school,  it  is  not  strange  that  every 
year  numbers  of  our  boys  turn  to 
Christianity.  When  our  boys  attend 
the  services  in  our  beautiful  church 
they  are  undergoing  an  entirely  novel 
experience ; for  in  the  heathen  tem- 
ples such  a thing  as  a congregational 
service  is  unheard  of ; and  our  Chris- 


tian services  are  to  these  boys  (so 
many  of  whom  come  to  us  as  non- 
Christians)  a glimpse  into  heavenly 
things  of  which  their  former  experi- 
ence had  given  them  no  idea. 

Educational  work  among  the  sec- 
ondary schools,  when  the  boys’  minds 
are  in  formative  state,  becomes  really 
the  greatest  of  all  practical  evangeliz- 
ing agencies  in  a nation  where  educa- 
tion is  so  highly  honored  as  it  is  in 
China.  So  when  every  Saturday 
night  our  band  of  twenty  communi- 
cants from  the  older  boys  meets  in 
the  chancel  of  our  well-loved  church 
for  a service  of  preparation  for  the 
next  morning’s  Holy  Communion,  it 
is  with  the  joy  of  the  beginning  of  a 
victory  that  we  older  ones,  who  have 
watched  these  boys  grow  up,  thank 
God  that  He  has  called  us  to  work 
among  them. 

With  all  this  it  cannot  seem  strange 
that  we  should  hope  for  better  accom- 
modations than  those*  we  now  have, 
so  that  all  the  boys  of  the  school  may 
be  boarding  boys,  thus  making  the 
school’s  influence  a constant  one. 
Most  of  our  present  buildings  are  old 
and  quite  inadequate  one-story  Chi- 
nese structures.  To  the  one  perma- 
nent building  erected  in  1907  we 
would  now  add  another,  after  these 
eight  years,  and  get  rid  at  last  of 
all  the  makeshift  buildings  that  the 
school  while  in  its  infancy  has  had  to 
use.  And  as  for  men,  we  of  Soochow 
feel  that  we  are  not  asking  too  much 
of  the  younger  generation  of  men  at 
home  when  we  beg  them  to  consider 
the  opportunities  and  the  privileges 
of  work  for  Christ  among  our  friends 
and  theirs — the  boys  of  China. 


The  Rev.  Mr.  McNulty,  who  is  in  the  country  on  furlough  until  January,  has  the 
permission  of  the  Board  to  appeal  for  ” specials ” to  the  amount  of  $9,000  in  order  to 
meet  the  immediate  needs  of  Soochow  Academy.  Those  who  have  read  what  he  says 
above  will  feel  the  worthiness  and  the  importance  of  the  work  which  he  represents. 


“CAMP  SPALDING,”  UTAH 

By  Deaconess  Affleck 


THIRTY  miles  from  Salt  Lake, 
in  the  heart  of  the  Wasatch 
Mountains,  is  a small  summer 
resort,  composed  of  twO  hotels  and 
numerous  camps  and  cottages.  In 
the  loveliest  spot  of  the  little  valley 
is  the  Girls’  Friendly  Holiday  House, 
well  known  to  many  of  the  readers  of 
The  Spirit  of  Missions. 

Leaving  Salt  Lake  City  by  auto- 
bus, the  first  half  of  the  trip  is  soon 
over,  but  after  entering  the  canyon 


there  is  a steady  climb  up  a beautiful 
road,  along  a rushing  mountain 
stream,  until  the  Silver  Lake  Basin  is 
reached  at  an  elevation  of  9,000  feet. 
It  is  an  ideal  place  for  a summer  va- 
cation, with  beautiful  pine  woods,  a 
dozen  small  lakes  and  wonderful 
climbs  over  mountain  roads  and  peaks 
which  give  magnificent  views  of  the 
canyons  and  the  distant  mountain 
ranges. 

Last  June,  before  the  Holiday 
House  was  opened  for  the  season,  a 
conference  of  the  clergy  and  lay- 
workers  of  Utah  was  held  there.  Re- 
turning to  work  with  the  inspiration 
of  the  conference,  and  refreshed  by 
the  recreation  which  the  outing 
afforded,  the  workers  in  one  of  the 
missions  in  Salt  Lake  decided  that 
nothing  could  be  better  for  the  boys 
under  their  care  than  a week  in  camp 
at  Silver  Lake. 

With  the  assistance  of  friends  this 


SILVER  LAKE,  THE  SITE  OF  THE  CAMP 


777 


778 


Notes  from  “St.  Augustine's” 


“FIRST  AID” 


plan  was  carried  out  in  August. 
Judging  from  the  enthusiastic  reports 
of  the  boys,  “Camp  Spalding,”  named 
in  honor  of  our  loved  leader,  whose 
life  was  such  an  inspiration  to  all  who 
knew  him,  was  a perfect  success. 

The  plans  for  the  week  were  car- 
ried out  in  detail,  except  the  trip  up 
the  canyon,  which,  owing  to  a break- 
down occupied  almost  the  entire  day, 


and  the  hungry  boys  were  very  grate- 
ful for  Miss  Godbe’s  invitation  fo 
dine  at  the  Holiday  House. 

The  boys,  ten  in  number,  were*  di- 
vided into  three  squads  for  camp 
duty,  and  no  complaints  were  heard 
at  the  duties  imposed.  Chapel  exer- 
cises were  held  night  and  morning.  A 
Bible  class,  first  aid  work  and  recrea- 
tion filled  the  mornings,  while  hikes 
to  the  various  lakes  and  mines  in  the 
vicinity  were  planned  for  the  after- 
noons. An  unexpected  horseback  ride 
afforded  the  boys  much  pleasure,  and' 
gave  some  of  them  an  opportunity  to 
show  their  skill  in  that  line. 

The  Camp  Spalding  honor  emblem 
was  won  by  Ralph  Bolin,  with  52 
points  out  of  a possible  54.  This 
called  for  a high  standard  in  rever- 
ence, obedience,  co-operation,  work, 
cheerfulness,  etc.  Several  of  the 
mothers  have  reported  a decided  im- 
provement in  the  boys,  owing  to  the 
camp  influence  and  discipline,  and  the 
happenings  at  Camp  Spalding  furnish 
a favorite  topic  of  conversation  at 
many  meetings.  So  keen  is  the  inter- 
est that  the  boys  are  already  making 
plans  for  next  summer,  and  have  been 
doing  odd  jobs  after  school  in  order 
that  they  may  be  able  to  contribute  to 
a permanent  camp. 


NOTES  FROM  “ST.  AUGUSTINE’S” 


ST.  AUGUSTINE’S  SCHOOL 
for  negro  youth  began  its  work 
at  Raleigh,  N.  C.,  January  1st, 
1868.  It  is,  therefore,  looking  for- 
ward to  an  early  celebration  of  its 
semi-centennial.  The  forty-seventh 
year  of  the  school  began  September 
30th,  when  Bishop  Cheshire  and  other 
clergy  of  the  diocese  joined  with  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Hunter  and  the  new  asso- 
ciate principal,  Rev.  Mr.  Goold,  in 
an  impressive  opening  service  which 
marked  Mr.  Hunter’s  twenty-fifth 
year  as  head  of  the  institution. 


Last  year  500  pupils  were  enrolled 
in  St.  Augustine’s.  This  included  the 
Children’s  Practice  School,  the 
Nurses  of  St.  Agnes’  Hospital  Train- 
ing School,  and  112  teachers  from 
Wake  County  and  the  parish  schools 
of  North  and  South  Carolina,  who 
were  under  normal  instruction  for 
two  weeks  in  September,  1914.  The 
attendance  for  this  year  is  promising, 
a large  number  of  new  pupils  having 
applied.  Africa,  the  Bahamas,  the 
West  India  Islands  and  many  North- 


779 


Among  Lepers  in  Japan 


ern  and  Southern  States  are  repre- 
sented. 

During  the  past  year  the  George  C. 
Thomas  Dormitory  has  been  com- 
pleted and  the  girls  of  the  school  will 
occupy  it.  There  is  a small  bill  of 
$213  still  unpaid.  There  remains  also 
an  indebtedness  of  $4,500,  repre- 
sented by  a note  in  bank,  which  was 
incurred  in  the  plumbing  and  heating 
arrangement  when  the  building  was 
first  occupied.  This  is  the  only  in- 
debtedness of  the  school,  on  a prop- 
erty which  represents  a valuation  of 
nearly  $250,000. 

St.  Agnes’  Hospital,  which  though 
an  independent  organization  is  on  the 
school  grounds  and  under  the  direct 
charge  of  Mrs.  Hunter,  reports  for 
the  year  ending  May  1st,  1915,  the 
treatment  of  824  patients.  Nine 
nurses  were  graduated  during  the 
year  from  the  training-school.  The 
patients  paid  over  $7,000  toward  their 
own  support.  The  gifts  amounted  to 
$2,338,  the  interest  on  the  Endow- 
ment Fund,  $329. 

Two  of  the  cases  cared  for  in  the 
hospital  may  be  of  interest: 

Isaac  came  to  us  as  a child  and  was 
placed  in  the  hospital.  The  death  of 
those  to  whom  he  belonged  left  him 


without  home  or  friends,  and  he  re- 
mained at  the  hospital  until  old 
enough  to  be  transferred  to  the 
school.  Even  then  it  was  necessary 
for  him  to  make  occasional  trips  to 
the  hospital  for  treatment.  This  year 
the  end  came,  and  last  May  he  left  us 
for  a better  world.  Perhaps  there  he 
is  seeing  some  of  the  difficulties  that 
confront  the  life  of  the  school  and 
hospital,  and  is  asking  the  Master  of 
all  to  care  for  both,  as  they  tried  to 
care  for  him. 

The  second  case  shows  the  hospital 
in  its  ministration  to  the  aged.  Long 
years  ago,  in  the  lifetime  of  the  Rev. 
J.  Britton  Smith,  D.D.,  founder  of 
St.  Augustine’s  School,  Aunt  Amy 
Davis  was  cook  for  the  school.  For 
all  the  years  since  then  she  has  lived 
in  the  neighborhood,  and  many  times 
has  she  called  down  blessings  upon 
those  connected  with  it.  Her  last  days 
were  made  more  comfortable  by  the 
care  of  St.  Agnes’  Hospital,  and  her 
funeral  service  was  held  in  the  school 
chapel.  There  are  not  many  like  her 
left.  She  belonged  to  the  old  genera- 
tion, born  and  raised  in  the  days  of 
slavery.  Her  “Good  Master”  has 
cared  for  her  many  years,  and  doubt- 
less she  is  seeing  His  face  to-day. 


AMONG  LEPERS  IN  JAPAN 


IT  is  rather  remarkable  that  so  soon 
after  printing  the  article  by  Bishop 
Knight  about  the  lepers  in  Palo 
Seco,  Canal  Zone,  which  appeared  in 
our  September  number,  we  should  re- 
ceive other  statements  showing  how 
really  widespread  is  the  Church’s  min- 
istry to  these  unfortunates.  Else- 
where in  this  issue  appears  a letter 
from  Fr.  Bull,  telling  of  the  work 
done  at  Robber  Island,  Cape  Town, 
South  Africa;  and  just  now  there  has 
come  into  our  hands  the  report  of  the 
Bishop  of  Tokyo,  describing  a most 


remarkable  movement  in  the  leper 
colony  at  Kusatsu,  Japan: 

“A  most  impressive  and  inspiring 
work  has  been  begun  among  the  col- 
ony of  300  lepers  at  the  Kusatsu  sul- 
phur springs  in  the  hills  about  120 
miles  from  Tokyo.  Occasional  visits 
have  been  made  in  past  years  by  Miss 
Riddell,  a good  English  lady  who  has 
done  much  for  lepers  in  Kumamoto, 
nearly  1,000  miles  distant  from 
Kusatsu.  Last  year  a young  Japanese 
living  in  Honolulu,  who  had  been  bap- 
tized and  confirmed  there,  was  dis- 


780 


News  and  Notes 


covered  to  have  leprosy  and  given  his 
choice  between  being  sent  to  the  leper 
settlement  at  Molokai  or  returning  to 
Japan.  He  chose  the  latter,  of  course. 

“Soon  after  his  return  he  went  for 
relief  to  the  springs  at  Kusatsu.  He 
was  very  much  depressed  and  thought 
there  was  nothing  for  him  in  life. 
But  he  found  the  lepers  there  so  de- 
praved and  licentious  that  he  deter- 
mined to  give  his  life  for  their  re- 
formation. He  persuaded  60  of  them 
to  organize  a club  and  live  together 
according  to  rules  which  forbade  the 
evil  habits  in  which  they  had  been  liv- 
ing. He  rented  a tract  of  ground  just 
outside  the  town  which  they  till  as  a 
vegetable  garden.  They  rise  at  5 
o’clock  in  the  morning  and  have 
prayers  and  Bible  study  until  6. 


After  breakfast  they  go  to  work  until 
4 or  5 o’clock  in  the  afternoon,  with 
an  intermission  for  dinner.  There  is 
a service  every  evening  and  at  10 
o’clock  all  are  in  bed. 

“Their  lives  have  been  made  better, 
sweeter  and  happier  by  the  life  and 
teaching  of  this  truly  wonderful 
young  man.  Twenty-five  lepers  have 
been  made  catechumens  and  will  soon 
be  baptized.  A devout  English  lady, 
Miss  Cornwall  Leigh,  is  so  much  im- 
pressed by  what  has  been  done  at 
Kusatsu  that  she  has  bought  four 
acres  of  land  in  a splendid  location 
upon  which  she  intends  building,  at 
her  own  expense,  a house  for  herself, 
and  also  a home  for  leper  girls,  who 
hitherto  have  had  no  protection  and 
are  exposed  to  terrible  temptations.” 


NEWS  AND  NOTES 


THERE  has  been  an  unexpected 
call  on  the  business  office  for 
extra  copies  of  the  October  number 
of  The  Spirit  of  Missions..  If  any 
of  our  readers  have  no  further  use  for 
their  copies  of  this  issue,  the  Busi- 
ness Manager  will  be  grateful  if  they 
may  be  sent  to  him  at  281  Fourth 
Avenue,  New  York. 

THE  eleventh  session  of  the  “Far- 
mers’ Conference”  of  Brunswick 
County,  Va.,  held  annually  at  St. 
Paul’s  Normal  and  Industrial  School, 
Lawrenceville,  proved  as  successful 
as  its  predecessors.  The  organization 
represents  2,000  negro  farmers  and 
the  conference  is  devoted  to  the  con- 
sideration of  practical  topics  con- 
nected with  rural  life.  A questionaire 
had  this  year  been  sent  out,  the  re- 
sults of  which  show  the  building  of 
thirty-two  schoolhouses  and  thirty- 
five  dwellings,  the  purchase  of  over 
a thousand  acres  of  land  &nd  the  rais- 
ing of  more  than  $2,000  for  improved 


school  facilities.  The  replies  also 
showed  that  more  farmers  are  raising 
their  own  food  and  improving  the 
quality  of  their  stock.  Archdeacon 
Russell  is  president  of  the  conference. 

THE  World  Committee  of  the 
Young  Men’s  Christian  Associa 
tion  is  asking  that  the  week  begin- 
ning November  Nth  shall  be  observed 
as  a special  time  of  intercession  for 
young  men.  Now  when  so  many 
young  men  are  giving  their  lives  on 
the  battlefields  of  Europe,  and  when 
the  world’s  future  will  rest  so  sig- 
nificantly upon  the  shoulders  of  those 
who  remain  at  the  end  of  this  cruel 
war,  it  is  of  the  utmost  importance 
that  earnest  prayer  be  made  for  the 
deepening  and  strengthening  of  their 
spiritual  lives.  It  is  hoped  that  ser- 
mons on  this  subject  shall  be  preached 
on  the  Sunday,  and  special  topics  for 
prayer  are  suggested  for  the  week 
that  follows. 


News  and  Notes 


781 


LESS  than  a year  ago  the  congre- 
gation of  All  Saints’  Church, 
Worcester,  Mass.,  made  a canvass  and 
adopted  the  weekly  offering  plan.  The 
rector  says  that  as  a result  not  only 
has  the  parish  given  more  than  its 
apportionment,  although  the  duplex 
envelopes  have  been  in  use  only  eight 
months,  but  no  one  has  been  asked  to 
make  up  a parish  deficit. 

* 

SOME  time  ago  a visiting  priest 
asked  the  Chinese  deacon  at  St. 
Stephen’s  Church,  Manila,  what  pro- 
portion of  the  communicants  of  the 
mission  were  at  the  celebration  of  the 
Holy  Communion  that  morning.  The 
brief  answer  was  “All.”  Thinking 
that  his  question  was  not  understood 
he  repeated  it  and  received  the  same 
reply.  It  was  as  stated.  There  are 
no  people  more  satisfactory  to  work 
among  than  the  Chinese  in  the  Philip- 
pines. They  are  responsive  and  genu- 
ine. This  little  mission  gave  $40  to 
the  Emergency  Fund  without  solici- 
tation. 

Jr. 

V 

R.  LORETO  SERAPION,  who 
recently  joined  Bishop  Brent’s 
staff  in  the  Philippines,  was  born  in 
Cuba  of  Filipino  parents.  While  in 
Cuba  he  was  received  into  the  Church, 
and  having  decided  to  offer  for  the 
ministry,  received  his  preliminary 
training  in  the  Theological  School  in 
Havana.  Under  arrangement  with 
Bishop  Knight  he  then  entered  the 
University  of  the  South  and  com- 
pleted his  divinity  course  at  Sewanee. 
Bishop  Brent  has  ordained  Mr. 
Serapion  to  the  diaconate.  Writing 
to  Bishop  Knight,  he  says:  “We  feel 
that  Cuba,  through  you,  has  made  us 
in  the  Philippine  Islands  a very  valu- 
able gift  in  the  Rev.  Loreto  Sera- 
pion.” It  rarely  happens  that  a com- 
paratively young  Church  like  that  in 
Cuba  is  able  to  send  one  of  her  men 
to  a distant  mission  field.  Cuba  has 
made  this  gift  to  the  Philippines,  not- 
withstanding the  fact  that  Mr.  Sera- 


pion was  considered  one  of  the  very 
best  candidates  for  orders  in  Cuba. 

* 

WE  have  received  from  the  presi- 
dent of  the  Diocesan  Council 
of  the  Girls’  Friendly  Society  in 
Western  New  York,  the  notice  of  a 
memorial  fund  to  be  contributed  each 
year,  in  loving  memory  of  members 
and  associates  who  rest  from  their 
labors.  This  fund  was  established  in 
1893,  and  is  appropriated  for  mission- 
ary work  being  done  by  women  who 
are  or  have  been  connected  with  the 
Girls’  Friendly  Society,  or  in  a mis- 
sionary district  where  the  G.  F.  S. 
has  a place.  Branches,  associates, 
members,  married  branch  helpers  and 
others  are  asked  to  make  an  offering 
yearly  to  this  fund,  on  All  Saints’ 
Day,  or  on  a date  nearest  to  the  day 
of  intercession  for  the  G.  F.  S.,  the 
first  Sunday  in  November.  The  ob- 
ject chosen  for  1915  is  St.  Agnes’ 
School,  Kyoto. 


WHY  NOT  A CHRIST- 
MAS PRESENT? 

NO  more  appropriate  or  welcome 
Christmas  gift  can  be  made  to 
any  one  than  a year’s  subscription  to 
The  Spirit  of  Missions.  Its  arrival 
during  each  of  the  twelve  months  will 
convey  to  the  recipient  the  continual 
good  wishes  of  the  donor. 

The  publication  office  of  The 
Spirit  of  Missions  has  arranged  for 
a handsome  new  gift  card  which  will 
be  mailed  to  reach  the  recipient  on 
Christmas  day,  or  sent  to  the  donor  if 
preferred. 

No  doubt  many  of  our  readers 
would  like  to  remember  their  friends 
with  such  a gift,  and  at  the  same  time 
help  to  increase  the  circulation  of 
The  Spirit  of  Missions.  Address, 
The  Business  Manager,  281  Fourth 
Avenue,  New  York. 


OUR  LETTER  BOX 

Intimate  and  Informal  Messages  from  the  Field 


The  Rev.  John  E.  Shea,  our  missionary  among 
the  Karok  Indians  in  northern  California,  sends 
the  following  interesting  items: 

DURING  the  absence  from  home 
of  our  missionary  to  the 
Klamath  River  Indians,  a big  brown 
bear  came  down  the  mountains  to  the 
station.  There  was  but  one  load  of 
ammunition  in  the  house,  and  that  for 
the  heavy  repeating  rifle  that  Mrs. 
Shea  had  never  before  used.  But  see- 
ing the  character  of  her  visitor,  and 
judging  that  he  was  after  their  little 
pigs  in  the  yard,  she  went  outside  to 
an  advantageous  spot,  took  deliberate 
aim  at  bruin  and  fired,  only  wounding 
him,  however.  Then  .she  rushed  to 
the  house  and  'phoned  to  the  ranger 
station,  four  miles  away,  for  some 
one  to  come  with  ammunition.  The 
bear  was  tracked  the  next  morning  by 
dogs  and  finally  killed.  Mrs.  Shea 
skinned  him  herself,  and  she  is  hav- 
ing the  hide  tanned  for  preservation 
as  a souvenir  of  her  “first  bear." 

After  a long  delay,  due  to  natural 
difficulties,  the  lumber  for  the  new 
church  has  finally  been  delivered  at 
Orleans.  All  of  the  dressed  material, 
including  doors,  windows,  shingles 
and  the  interior  furnishings,  had  to 
be  procured  at  Eureka,  a seacoast 
town,  one  hundred  miles  away,  and 
transported,  some  by  parcels  post, 
some  by  auto  truck,  at  an  expense  of 
from  \y2  to  2 cents  per  pound.  After 
long  and  patient  waiting  and  an  exer- 
cise of  delicate  diplomacy,  there  has 
finally  been  secured  the  co-operation 
of  the  absentee  manager  of  the  min- 
ing company  of  Orleans  in  the  lease 
of  a building  site  in  a central  location. 
Hitherto,  the  company  has  absolutely 
refused  to  either  sell  or  lease  lots  for 
any  purpose;  and  they  alone  control 
all  of  the  available  land  in  the  Orleans 
Valley. 

782 


A United  Offering  missionary  in  Mexico,  on 
receiving  a gift  for  her  work  sent  by  an  admiring 
friend,  remarks: 

IT  so  warms  one’s  heart  to  know 
that  people  are  interested,  though 
it  makes  one  feel  terribly  small  to 
have  persons  thinking  one  so  big!  As 
a matter  of  fact,  I have  felt  guilty  at 
having  so  little  self-sacrifice  and  suf- 
fering in  my  own  life,  while  our  peo- 
ple were  suffering  all  around  us,  for 
I,  myself,  have  been  only  marvelously 
happy;  and  the  worst  of  it  is  that 
every  time  that  I start  out  compla- 
cently to  do  something  which  I think 
will  be  properly  self-sacrificing  and 
“sack-clothy,”  the  thing  turns  itself 
upside  down  and  makes  me  happier 
than  I was  before ! 

* 

A WOMAN  writes  from  a New 
England  farm,  sending  $1  to- 
ward the  Emergency  Fund,  the  first 
money  she  has  had  to  use  as  she  chose 
since  last  May.  She  sends  it  asking 
that  it  be  credited  to  her  parish  church 
in  order  to  “get  it  off  the  black-list.” 
* 

The  Rev.  W.  M.  Puree,  Missionary  in  the 
district  north  of  the  Platte,  in  the  diocese  of 
Nebraska,  writes: 

INNEBAGO  Reservation  lies 
within  my  mission  field.  It 
contains  about  1,200  Indians,  among 
whom  we  have  recently  opened  work. 
One  hundred  already  look  to  the 
Church  for  religious  ministration.  I 
have  to  perform  a good  many  mar- 
riage ceremonies  and  some  of  the  peo- 
ple are  unable  to  speak  English  and 
so  I am  translating  the  marriage  serv- 
ice into  the  Winnebago  language,  with 
the  help  of  some  of  the  better-edu- 
cated Indians.  We  have  organized  a 
branch  of  the  Auxiliary  among  the 
women. 


Our  Letter  Box 


783 


_ The  Secretary  of  the  Province  of  the  North- 
west writes: 

THE  outlook  for  the  coming  year 
seems  to  me  more  than  hopeful. 
The  Emergency  Fund  created  a good 
deal  of  enthusiasm,  which,  in  addition 
to  the  fact  that  it  very  largely  in- 
creased the  receipts,  has  had  a tre- 
mendous educational  value. 

The  Secretary  of  the  Eastern  Oregon  branch 
of  the  Auxiliary  writes: 

I AM  much  grieved  to  see  in  the 
.last  Spirit  of  Missions  notice  of 
the  death  of  a Japanese  friend  of 
mine,  Professor  H.  Tamura.  In 
1872-3  we  were  students  in  the  same 
college.  His  government  sent  five 
boys  to  the  states  to  be  educated  and 
we  lived  at  the  same  house  and  were 
in  some  of  the  same  classes.  I never 
knew  what  became  of  him  until  in 
the  February  Spirit  of  Missions  I 
found  a story  he  had  written  of  his 
work  at  St.  Agnes’  and  I wrote  him 
and  had  such  a fine  reply  to  it.  I have 
his  picture  on  the  same  page  with 
Bishop  McKim  and  other  dignitaries, 
as  I feel  that  our  Church  has  lost  a 
great  helper. 

* 

Bishop  Ferguson,  under  date  of  August  30th, 
writes  concerning  the  lamented  death  of  the 
Rev.  E.  W.  McKrae: 

HE  Rev.  E.  W.  McKrae  be- 
came ill  about  three  weeks  ago. 
When  he  seemed  to  be  getting  worse, 
the  German  doctor  residing  here  was 
called  in  and  took  the  case  in  hand. 
Notwithstanding  his  efforts  and  our 
prayers  in  behalf  of  the  patient,  he 
expired  near  midnight  on  the  27th 
inst.,  and  was  interred  on  yesterday, 
the  29th.” 

Mr.  McKrae,  who  was  forty-eight 
years  of  age,  was  educated  in  our 
schools  in  Liberia,  finally  becoming  a 
teacher  and  lay-reader,  and  after- 
wards taking  Holy  Orders.  His  last 
and  most  effective  work  was  among 
the  Kroo  natives.  His  knowledge  of 
the  Gedebo  language  enabled  him  to 
acquire  the  Kroo  language.  He  had 


already  translated  into  it  parts  of  the 
prayer-book,  several  hymns  and  a 
primer.  He  was  also  engaged  in 
translating  one  of  the  Gospels.  The 
result  of  his  evangelistic  and  pastoral 
work  was  apparent  in  the  rapid 
growth  which  was  being  made  by  the 
missions  under  his  charge.  He  was 
married  to  one  of  the  graduates  of 
our  girl’s  school,  who  died  about  six 
months  before  her  husband.  The 
work  of  our  mission  in  Liberia  will 
greatly  feel  the  loss  of  Mr.  McKrae. 

A letter  from  Porto  Rico  tells  of  the  damage 
done  by  a recent  cyclone  alleged  to  have  been 
sent  down  from  the  United  States: 

ST.  LUKE’S  HOSPITAL,  Ponce, 
was  in  the  direct  path  of  the 
cyclone  coming  down  from  the  States. 
Fortunately,  the  hospital  still  stands 
firm  on  the  hill,  and  no  lives  were  lost 
nor  patients  seriously  affected.  The 
doctor’s  new  house  was  damaged,  but 
was  soon  repaired.  The  hospital  also 
is  undergoing  repairs.  The  expense 
is  regretted  when  there  are  so  many 
improvements  needed.  The  hospital 
has  ministered  to  many  during  the 
summer.  At  present  there  are  thirty- 
four  patients,  more  than  half  being 
charity  cases.  The  nursing  staff  in- 
cludes three  graduate  nurses  besides 
the  superintendent,  Miss  Robbins, 
and  fourteen  in  training.  Two  of  the 
latter  are  boys.  One  has  served  in 
the  hospital  before  in  another  capac- 
ity ; the  other  is  a brother  of  two  of 
the  nurses.  They  are  doing  good 
work,  and  promise  well  for  the  future. 


THE  SUPERINTENDENT  AND  HER  TRAIN- 
ING CLASS 


ST.  LUKE’S  HOSPITAL,  TOKYO.  JAPAN 


A STATEMENT  OF  THE  PRESENT  SITUATION 


IN  the  spring  of  1913  the  Board  of 
Missions  inaugurated  an  effort  to 
secure  $500,000  to  develop  St.  Luke’s 
Hospital,  Tokyo,  into  a great  in- 
ternational hospital  for  the  Far  East. 
When  Dr.  Rudolf  B.  Teusler, 
who  is  the  heart  and  soul  of  the 
movement,  returned  to  Japan  in 
December,  1913,  about  $60,000  had 
been  given  and  pledged.  Since  then 
friends  in  America  have  been  ener- 
getically at  work,  and  a Japanese 
Council  in  Japan,  whose  chairman  is 
Count  Okuma,  has  been  pushing  mat- 
ters in  that  country.  The  Emperor  of 
Japan  gave  $25,000  and  Count 
Okuma  and  his  associates  added 
$50,000  more.  It  is  believed  that 
many  other  semi-official  and  private 
gifts  from  Japan  may  be  stimulated 
by  these  examples.  At  present  the 
cash  on  hand  is  as  follows: 


Given  by  the  Japanese $75,000 

Given  in  America 79,230 

Total  $154,230 

Additional  pledges  which  are 

recorded  as  good 77,200 

Making  a total  in  cash 

and  pledges  of $231,430 

The  first  great  step  is  to  purchase 


the  land,  for  a suitable  location  is  all- 
important.  Three  pieces  of  property 
are  under  consideration.  Dr.  Teusler 
has  returned  to  this  country  for  the 
winter  and  will  speak  in  connection 
with  the  conventions  of  the  Laymen’s 
Missionary  Movement;  he  will,  of 
course,  be  pushing  the  project  of  St. 
Luke’s  Hospital,  and  he  has  large 
hopes  of  a cordial  response  from  the 
Churchmen  of  the  United  States.  It 
is  highly  desirable  that  the  effort  in 
behalf  of  St.‘  Luke’s  should  be  brought 
to  a successful  conclusion  this  year. 


LETTERS  TO  THE  EDITOR 


“A  MISSIONARY’S  LIFE 
IN  THE  LAND  OF  THE 
GODS” 

Editor  The  Spirit  of  Missions: 

1HAVE  just  been  reading  with 
some  care  Mr.  Dooman’s  book  on 
Japan,*  and  find  in  it  so  much  that  is 
valuable  that  I feel  like  commending 
it  to  others,  and  so  write  to  you. 

As  showing  the  inner  side  of 
Japanese  life  and  character,  it  seems 
to  me  the  best  of  all  the  books  on 
Japan  that  I know.  His  judgment 
is  sounder  and  his  knowledge  wider 
than  that  of  Lafcadio  Hearn,  great  as 

* “A  Missionary’s  Life  in  the  Land  of  the  Gods.” 
Isaac  Dooman.  The  Gorham  Press,  Boston;  Copp 
Clark  Co.,  Toronto,  Canada. 

784 


Hearn’s  insight  is  in  those  things  that 
appeal  to  his  own  temperament. 
Chamberlain,  though  entertaining  and 
useful,  does  not  get  much  below  the 
surface.  There  are  very  few  mis- 
sionaries, if  any,  who  have  been  so 
long  and  closely  in  touch  with  the 
Japanese  people  as  has  Dr.  Dooman, 
and  his  wide  range  of  knowledge  of 
various  races  is  a great  help  to  under- 
standing. He  has  preached  at  one 
time  or  another  in  something  like  six 
different  languages:  English,  Japa- 
nese, French,  Syrian,  Turkish,  and 
Armenian,  I think  they  are.  I know 
no  one  else  who  seems  to  have 
thought  so  persistently  and  deeply 
over  the  character  and  characteristics 


Letters  to  the  Editor 


785 


of  the  Japanese.  No  one,  of  course, 
can  be  a final  authority  on  such  a 
subject,  but  every  one  who  desires 
a real  understanding  of  Japan  and  the 
Japanese  ought  to  read  this  book. 

There  are  opinions  in  the  book  with 
which  I disagree,  especially  the  notion 
of  unity  between  Buddhism  and  Mo- 
hammedanism. But  disagreement  is 
to  some  degree  inevitable  when  so 
difficult  a subject  is  treated  so  coura- 
geously. We  should  all  be  proud  of 
what  he  has  done. 

Theodosius  S.  Tyng. 


“A  CONFIRMATION  OF 
LEPERS” 

Dear  Mr.  Editor: 

UNDER  the  heading  “A  Confirma- 
tion of  Lepers”  (September 
issue),  your  note  has  fallen  into  a 
strange  error.  I wonder  who  your 
“distinguished  professor  of  Church 
History”  is.  He  has  not  studied  mod- 
ern Church  History ! 

In  the  Province  of  South  Africa 
there  are  very  remarkable  leper  mis- 
sions at  work,  and  the  bishop  regu- 
larly visits  them.  The  oldest  is  on 
Robber  Island,  at  Capetown.  There 
there  are  600  lepers,  and  the  Church 
has  a priest,  Father  Engleheart,  living 
in  the  leper  compound,  next  door  to  a 
stone  church  built  expressly  for  the 
lepers  by  his  predecessor,  Father 
Watkins,  who  was  chaplain  to  the 
whole  island  and  lived  among  the  gov- 
ernment employees,  who  with  con- 
victs and  lunatics  made  up  the  popua- 
tion.  Now  Father  Engleheart  devotes 
his  whole  time  to  the  lepers,  living 
among  them,  and  continually  visiting 
them,  conducting  services,  instructing 
them,  ministering  the  Sacraments,  and 
lightening  their  lives  with  wholesome 
recreations.  Once  every  year  the 
Archbishop  of  Capetown,  or  the 
Coadjutor  Bishop,  holds  a Confirma- 
tion in  the  leper  chapel  for  the  lepers. 
The  Sisters  of  All  Saints,  on  the  same 
island,  have  a home  for  the  leper  chil- 
dren, whom  the  Government  has 


placed  under  their  charge.  It  should 
perhaps  be  stated,  for  exactness,  that 
in  this  leper  establishment  there  are 
two  chapels,  for  the  women  are  sepa- 
rated from  the  men.  The  Dutch  Re- 
formed Church  and  the  Roman 
Catholics  also  have  a smaller  work. 
The  Father’s  garden  in  the  male  com- 
pound is  the  great  meeting-place  of 
the  lepers  and  their  friends  on  visiting 
days. 

Then  in  the  Diocese  of  St.  John’s, 
Kafifraria,  at  the  great  leper  asylum 
in  the  Native  Reserve  of  the  Transkei, 
the  Church  has  also  a leper  chaplain 
and  chapel,  and  a regular  visitation 
from  the  Bishop  of  St.  John’s. 

To  these  older  works  have  now 
been  added  an  asylum  not  far  from 
Pretoria,  in  the  Transvaal,  to  which 
the  Bishop  of  Pretoria  has  appointed 
a visiting  priest,  and  a second  smaller 
asylum  near  Bloemfontein,  in  the 
Orange  Free  State.  There  again  a 
priest  ministers  from  the  city,  a sister 
conducts  classes,  and  the  bishop  is 
ever  ready  to  visit. 

In  Japan  a priest  of  the  Church, 
Father  Hewlett,  is  now  working  as 
chaplain  in  Miss  Riddell’s  great  Leper 
Asylum  at  Kumamoto.  I am  not 
sure  whether  we  have  work  in  the 
many  leper  refugees  in  India,  but  I 
can  hardly  doubt  it. 

Would  that  our  Churchmen  here  in 
this  land  realized  more  the  work  that 
those  in  communion  with  us  are  doing 
in  the  wide  world!  In  your  note  on 
Korea  and  the  school  difficulty,  do 
you  realize  that  we  are  affected,  be- 
cause there  is  a Bishop  of  Korea,  and 
an  English  Church  Mission,  long 
established,  which  is  one  with  our 
Communion?  Are  we  not  absolutely 
one  with  such  a mission?  I think  this 
correction  as  to  “The  first  recorded 
visit,”  etc.,  “the  only  case  in  history 
where  lepers  have  been  confirmed” 
will  be  useful.  And  have  we  so  soon 
forgotten  Father  Damien,  and  other 
great  Roman  Catholic  Missionaries? 

H.  P.  Bull,  S.S.J.E. 


786 


OPENING  SERVICE  OF  THE  GENERAL  CONVENTION  OF  1904 
The  procession  in  Copley  Square  entering  Trinity  Church,  Boston.  The  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  is  seen  at  the  rear  of  the  line 


Ho  to  <2^ur  Cfjurc!)  Came  to  #ur  Country 


II.  HOW  OUR  CHURCH  CAME  TO  MASSACHUSETTS 

By  Lydia  Averell  Hough 


I.  Pilgrim  and  Puritan 

THE  early  days  of  Massachusetts 
were  so  different  from  those  in 
Virginia  that  people  are  very  apt 
to  think  the  Anglican  Church  had 
nothing  to  do  with  the  founding  of 
the  northern  colony.  It  is  true  that 
the  Congregational  system  soon  be- 
came almost  universal  in  Massachu- 
setts, and  that  only  those  who  sub- 
scribed to  it  could  take  any  public  part 
in  religious  or  political  affairs,  but 
there  were  settlements  in  Massachu- 
setts made  by  Church  people,  and 
there  were  many  individuals  who  did 
not  wish  to  separate  from  the  Church, 
and  many  who  even  wished  to  con- 
tinue to  use  the  Prayer  Book. 

We  must  remember  that  at  this 
time  the  Puritans  in  England  were 
not  outside  the  Church.  They  were 
a party  in  the  Church,  intent  on  re- 
forming it  according  to  their  own 
ideas.  Only  a small  body  of  men 
called  “Brownists”  or  “Separatists,” 
to  which  the  Pilgrims  belonged,  had 
definitely  withdrawn.  Non-conform- 
ity meant  only  that  one  could  not  sub- 
scribe to  every  rule  enforced  by  king 
and  bishops.  Non-conforming  rectors 
might  have  to  give  up  their  parishes, 
but  they  might  remain  in  the  Church. 
The  Puritans  were  Non-conformists, 
the  Pilgrims  were  Separatists. 

This  was  a temporary  condition. 
Later  the  lines  became  more  sharply 
drawn,  and  the  Puritans  were  largely 
forced  out  of  the  Church.  Neverthe- 
less, both  Puritans  and  Pilgrims  had 
been  trained  in  the  Church.  Most  of 
their  eminent  men  were  educated  at 
the  Church  universities  of  Oxford 


and  Cambridge,  and  many  of  them 
were  priests.  So  much  of  the  Puritan 
movement  for  the  colonization  of 
Massachusetts  began  under  Church 
auspices  that  it  must  have  been  very 
hard  for  any  one  joining  it  to  foresee 
how  it  would  turn  out.  This  accounts 
for  our  finding  among  the  early  colon- 
ists so  many  who  did  not  sympathize 
with  the  extreme  measures  taken 
after  they  landed. 

All  three  of  the  companies  under 
which  the  settlers  obtained  their 
grants  were  formed  by  Church  au- 
t h o r i t y . The 
London  and 
Plymouth  com- 
panies had  royal- 
ists and  noblemen 
as  directors.  The 
man  who  initi- 
ated the  third, 

Rev.  John  White, 


CHRIST  CHURCH,  BOSTON 
Better  knozvn  as  the  ‘‘Old  North,”  where  the 
Paul  Revere  lantern  was  hung 


787 


788 


How  Our  Church  Came  to  Our  Country 


though  a Puritan,  was  still  rec- 
tor of  Trinity  Church,  Dorchester. 
The  Rev.  Francis  Higginson,  who 
went  out  in  the  first  ship-load 
under  this  charter,  made  the  often- 
quoted  exclamation:  “We  will  not 
say,  as  the  Separatists  were  wont 
to  say,  at  their  leaving  England, 
“Farewell,  Babylon!  Farewell,  Rome!’ 
But  we  will  say,  ‘Farewell,  dear  Eng- 
land! Farewell,  the  Church  of  God 
in  England,  and  all  the  Christian 
friends  there !’  We  do  not  go  to  New 
England  as  Separatists  from  the 
Church  of  England.”  He  was  prob- 
ably quite  sincere  in  this,  though  his 
later  actions  do  not  seem  consistent 
with  such  words.  There  was  even  a 
bishop  who  seriously  considered  join- 
ing the  Puritan  colonists — the  bishop 
of  Bath  and  Wells.  He  was  pre- 
vented by  age,  but  it  is  interesting  to 
wonder  how  Congregationalism  and  a 
bishop  would  have  got  on  together. 
It  is  not  strange  that  under  such  aus- 
pices some  staunch  Prayer  Book 
Churchmen  should  have  come  out 
among  the  colonists. 

Before  we  learn  anything  about  the 
distinctively  Church  settlements,  or 
the  individuals  who  represented  the 
Church  in  Massachusetts  in  this  first 
period,  we  must  stop  and  think  about 
one  characteristic  of  the  times  which 
colors  the  whole  history  of  them,  and 
makes  it  hard  sometimes  to  judge  of 
the  real  character  of  persons  and 
events.  This  characteristic  is  intoler- 
ance! It  was  almost  universal,  and 
it  not  only  made  men  ready  to  perse- 
cute all  who  differed  from  them,  but 
unable  to  see  any  good  in  their  ac- 
tions. If  a man’s  opinion  did  not 
agree  with  theirs,  he  was  not  only  a 
heretic  and  an  atheist,  but  an  evil-liver 
and  a menace  to  the  commonwealth ! 
We  shall . see  one  instance  of  this 
tendency  in  the  descriptions  of 
Merrymount — and  there  were  many 
others.  Holland  was  the  only  country 
which  had  learned  (under  the  Inquisi- 
tion) the  folly  and  sin  of  persecution; 


and  even  among  the  refugees  there  it 
is  doubtful  if  there  were  many  who 
would  not  have  liked  to  coerce  others 
if  they  could.  Contemporaries  wrote 
of  the  hospitable  little  country:  “It 
is  a common  harbor  of  all  heresies,” 
“A  cage  of  unclean  birds,”  “The  great 
mingle-mangle  of  religion.” 

One  of  the  Puritans  summed  it  all 
up  in  the  rhyme: 

“Let  men  of  God  in  courts  and 
churches  watch 

O’er  such  as  do  a Toleration  hatch, 
Lest  that  ill  egg  bring  forth  a cocka- 
trice 

To  poison  all  with  heresy  and  vice.” 
Since  persecution  was  so  general 
it  became  almost  a measure  of 
self-preservation.  At  any  rate  the 
Puritans  considered  it  such.  But  we 
shall  not  understand  it  unless  we  re- 
member the  extreme  value  they  at- 
tached to  unanimity  of  opinion.  That, 
and  not  religious  freedom,  was  their 
real  object  in  coming  to  Massachu- 
setts. Partly  because  religious  free- 
dom was  not  what  they  wanted  did 
the  Pilgrims  leave  Leyden,  and  Fiske 
says  that  the  reason  freedom  of  belief 
was  not  stipulated  in  the  Massachu- 
setts Bay  charter  was  because  neither 
party  to  the  agreement  wanted  it. 

History  has  at  last  taught  men  that 
absolute  unanimity  is  not  wholesome, 
and  Providence  and  human  nature 
saw  to  it  that  the  Puritans  did  not 
get  it.  To  this  end  the  Church  settle- 
ments and  adherents  contributed ! 

II.  The  Unwelcome  Churchman 
We  have  learned  about  the  colony 
on  the  Kennebec,  sent  by  Sir  Ferdi- 
nando  Gorges.  His  son  Robert 

founded  one  at  Wessagusset,  and  this 
had  some  intercourse  with  Plymouth. 
Once  a party  from  the  former 
stayed  over  Sunday  in  the  latter  town. 
They  were  pleasantly  received,  but 
their  chaplain,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Morrell, 
was  completely  ignored  in  the  meet- 
ing-house services.  This  was  the  more 
ignominious  because  he  bore  a com- 


How  Our  Church  Came  to  Our  Country 


789 


mission  of  superintendence  over  the 
churches  of  New  England! 

The  most  picturesque  settlement  of 
Churchmen  in  New  England  is  that 
at  Merrymount,  where  Thomas  Mor- 
ton, “of  Clifford’s  Inn,  Gent.,”  tried 
to  live  the  life  of  an  old-fashioned 
English  squire,  keeping  Christmas 
with  beef  and  ale,  and  May  Day  with 
dancing  around  the  maypole — in 
which  the  savages  joined.  Such  lev- 
ity was  visited  with  fine  and  imprison- 
ment. Banishment  followed,  and 
when  Morton  unwisely  returned  to 
look  after  his  property,  he  was  so 
harshly  treated  that  he  died,  broken 
and  dispirited.  It  was  plain  that  a 
Churchman  who  adhered  to  his  train- 
ing and  traditions  was  not  wanted  in 
the  colony! 

Another  settlement  where  attach- 
ment to  the  old  Church  lingered  was 
Naumkeag,  or  Salem.  There  had  been 
a fishing  station  on  Cape  Ann,  whose 
inhabitants,  as  the  Plymouth  settlers 
claimed  their  land,  removed  to  Naum- 
keag. Their  leader  was  Roger 
Conant.  He  had  lived  at  Plymouth, 
but  did  not  sympathize  with  the  Sep- 
aratist measures  of  the  elders  there. 
At  Salem  was  formed  the  first 
Episcopal  congregation  in  New  Eng- 
land. This  was  just  a year  after 
Governor  Endicott,  with  the  active  as- 
sistance of  two  ministers — one  of 
them  being  the  Rev.  Mr.  Higginson, 
who  had  so  eagerly  protested  his  love 
for  England  and  the  Church — had  or- 
ganized a Congregational  society  of 
the  most  independent  type. 

The  story  of  the  founding  of  this 
Salem  parish  brings  into  view  two 
representative  Churchmen — John  and 
Samuel  Brown.  They  had  joined  the 
enterprise  as  Churchmen,  and  in- 
tended to  remain  such,  notwithstand- 
ing the  inconsistency  of  Mr.  Higgin- 
son. They  had  daily  prayers  in  their 
houses,  and  even  gathered  a congrega- 
tion separate  from  that  of  the  meet- 
ing-house, to  which  they  read  the 
services  of  the  Prayer  Book.  The 


Browns  were  members  of  the  Coun- 
cil and  too  prominent  to  be  ignored. 
Summoned  before  the  governor,  they 
did  not  mince  matters,  but  denounced 
the  ministers  as  “Separatists  and 
Anabaptists,”  and  refused  to  give  up 
that  “sinful  imposition  in  the  worship 
of  God,”  as  their  opponents  called 
the  Prayer  Book.  They  were  found 
guilty  of  mutiny  and  faction  and  or- 
dered to  leave  the  colony.  There  is 
a tablet  in  St.  Peter’s  Church,  Salem, 
to  the  memory  of  their  “intrepidity  in 
the  cause  of  religious  freedom.” 
Among  other  Churchmen  whom  we 
might  mention  (like  Oldham  and  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Lyford  at  Plymouth),  one 
name  stands  out  clearly  and  pleasantly 
from  the  history  of  the  times.  The 
Rev.  William  Blackstone  had  settled 
in  Shawmut,  and  the  present  Boston 
Common  is  a part  of  the  land  granted 
to  him  by  the  Gorges  family.  When 
the  first  settlers  came  to  Charlestown 


DR.  TIMOTHY  CUTLER 
President  of  Yale  College  and  afterward  rector  of 
Christ  Church,  Boston 


790 


How  Our  Church  Came  to  Our  Country 


he  had  been  there  long  enough  to  have 
a homestead  and  thriving  orchard. 
The  newcomers  were  sheltered  under 
his  roof  while  they  were  building  their 
own  houses,  and  regaled  with  his 
apples,  so  redolent  of  home.  But 
when  Boston  had  grown  up  about  him 
to  a considerable  town,  Mr.  Black- 
stone  was  viewed  askance  by  his  new 
neighbors,  hospitable  and  inoffensive 
though  he  was.  They  did  not  like 
his  being  a priest  of  the  Church,  even 
though  he  did  not  exercise  his  min- 
istry ; nor  did  they  feel  easy  about  his 
holding  so  much  land  under  a title  not 
derived  from  their  charter.  Finally 
he  was  bought  out  and  constrained  to 
leave  the  colony  and  betake  himself  to 
Rhode  Island. 

“I  left  England,”  he  says,  “because 
I fnisliked  my  lords,  the  bishops;  I 
leave  here  because  I like  still  less  my 
lords,  the  brethren.”  His  experiences 
in  Boston  seem  to  have  quickened  his 
zeal,  for  in  Providence  he  was  active 
in  the  ministry  for  many  years. 
There  he  planted  another  orchard, 
and  used  to  reward  the  good  children 
of  his  flock  with  his  “yellow  sweet- 
ings”^— a rare  treat.  What  a contrast 
to  the  less  fortunate  children  under 
the  Puritan  “tithing-man” ! His  biog- 
rapher draws  a quaint  picture  of  the 
unconventional  old  gentlemen,  when 
he  grew  too  infirm  to  walk  the  six 
miles  to  his  church,  riding  on  a bull 
which  he  had  broken  to  the  saddle. 

III.  Beginning  to  Build 

So  years  wore  on,  and  in  England 
the  Commonwealth  was  succeeded  by 
the  restoration  of  the  Stuarts. 
Charles  II  began  to  look  into  the  com- 
plaints of  Churchmen  in  the  colonies, 
and  informed  the  General  Court  of 
Massachusetts  that  there  must  be  no 
discrimination  “against  them  that  de- 
sire to  use  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer.”  Charles  II  also  took  occa- 
sion to  allude  to  what  he  considered 
to  have  been  the  original  object  for 
which  the  charter  was  granted, 


namely,  “that  in  their  general  godly 
walk  and  conversation  they  should 

impress  the  inhabitants  with  the  vir- 
tue of  the  Christian  religion.”  In 
other  words,  Charles  regarded  the 
colony  as  a missionary  enterprise. 

The  Court  found  it  difficult  to  ac- 
cede to  his  commands.  Their  resist- 
ance led  to  the  revocation  of  their 
charter  in  1684,  and  the  colony  came 
under  the  control  of  royal  governors. 
Then  the  tables  were  turned,  and 

though  they  were  supposed  to  respect 
the  liberties  of  the  Puritans,  the  gov- 
ernors began  to  enforce  the  wishes  of 
the  Church  party  in  a high-handed 
way,  met  by  equally  high-spirited  re- 
sistance. They  demanded  one  of  the 
meeting-houses  to  worship  in,  and  on 
Good  Friday,  1687  (a  singularly 
inappropriate  day  for  such  an  act), 
they  took  possession  of  the  Old 

South  Church.  On  Easter  Day 

the  services  lasted  from  eleven  to 
two,  while  the  embittered  owners 
of  the  place  waited  part  of  the  time 
outside.  “A  sad  sight,”  says  the  Puri- 
tan, Judge  Sewall;  and  surely  not  a 
joyful  one  to  any  discerning  lover  of 
the  Church.  But  such  impolitic  be- 
havior did  not  last  long,  and  the 
Church  grew  in  general  esteem.  From 
being  exposed  to  “great  affronts,” 
having  their  ministers  called  “Baal’s 
priests,”  and  their  prayers  “leeks,  gar- 
lic and  trash,”  they  had  come,  before 
the  Revolution,  to  be  “the  second  in 
esteem  among  all  the  sects.” 

Some  of  the  early  parishes  which 
were  founded  during  this  time  were 
Queen  Anne’s  Chapel,  Newburyport, 
in  1712,  one  in  Marblehead,  1707,  and 
one  in  Braintree,  1702.  But  the  two 
which  had  the  greatest  influence,  and 
were  in  a sense  mother  churches,  were 
King’s  Chapel  and  Christ  Church, 
Boston. 

King’s  Chapel,  built  in  1690,  resulted 
from  the  controversies  just  described. 
The  first  building  was  a plain  wooden 
structure,  on  part  of  the  ground  now 
occupied  by  the  church.  The  site  was 


How  Our  Church  Came  to  Our  Country 


791 


In  1722  the  growth  of  the 
congregation  caused  the 
founding  of  Christ  Church, 
of  which  the  cornerstone 
was  laid  in  the  next  year  by 
Rev.  Samuel  Myles  of 
King’s  Chapel.  In  four 
years  this  parish  also  re- 
ported eight  hundred  at- 
tending the  services. 

Christ  Church  played  a 
very  important  part  in  the 
church  life  of  Massachusetts 
until  the  Revolution  and 
afterwards.  Its  records  give 
a pretty  clear  outline  of  the 
history  of  those  days.  It 
was  particularly  fortunate 
in  its  first  rector,  Dr.  Tim- 
othy Cutler,  who  was  one 
of  the  group  of  Yale  pro- 
fessors whose  conversion  to 


Photo  by  Underwood  and  Underwood 

KING’S  CHAPEL,  BOSTON 


probably  taken  from  the  town  bury- 
ing-ground,  as  the  bitterness  of  feel- 
ing toward  the  Church  led  to  a refusal 
to  sell  them  land  for  the  building.  In 
1710  there  were  eight  hundred  mem- 
bers of  the  congregation,  and  about 
1713  they  began  to  request  that  a 

bishop  should  be  sent  to  them.  King 
William  and  Queen  Mary  befriended 
the  parish,  and  sent  gifts  of  plate  and 
a library.  They  also  gave  a hundred 
pounds  yearly  toward  the  salary  of 
an  assistant  minister.  After  a while 
the  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the 
Gospel  came  to  the  assistance  of  the 
local  Churchmen,  and  when  it  was 

necessary  to  rebuild  the  church  for 
the  third  time,  the  Society  aided  them 
to  put  up  the  present  stone  edifice. 
The  later  history  of  King's  Chapel  is 
rather  a sad  one  from  the 
Churchman’s  point  of  view, 
for  this  most  important 

stronghold  of  the  Church  in 
the  Massachusetts  colony 

was,  by  a process  too  long  to 
be  described  here,  alienated 
from  her  communion,  and  is 
today  the  property  of  the 
Unitarians. 


the  Church  made  such  a sensation  in 
1722.  He  went  to  England  for  or- 
dination at  the  expense  of  the  parish, 
and  returned  with  a commission  from 
the  “Venerable  Society”  (The  S.  P. 
G.)  as  rector.  He  sent  regular  re- 
ports to  the  Society,  which  throw 
much  light  on  details  of  life  in  Boston 
at  that  time.  “Negro  and  Indian  Slaves 
belonging  to  my  Parish,”  he  writes, 
“are  about  thirty-one,  their  Education 
and  Instruction  is  according  to  the 
Houses  they  belong  to.  I have  bap- 
tized but  two.  But  I know  of  the 
Masters  of  some  others,  who  are  dis- 
posed to  this  important  good  of  their 
Slaves.”  He  had  a mission  at  Ded- 
ham, and  some  other  places,  and  the 
people  were  “so  zealous  that  several 
of  them  ride  between  ten  and  sixteen 


792 


How  Our  Church  Came  to  Our  Country 


miles  to  the  Monthly  Communion.” 
He  reports  the  baptism  of  “1  Adult 
Indian  Female,  who  had  left  the  Bar- 
barity of  her  Kindred.” 

Dr.  Cutler  died  in  1765,  in  time 
to  escape  the  trials  of  the  Revo- 
lutionary War.  He  was  succeeded  by 
the  Rev.  Mather  Byles,  like  himself 
a Connecticut  Congregationalist,  who 
was  called  to  Christ  Church  and  sent 
to  London  for  ordination. 

Trinity  Church,  founded  in  1734, 
was  the  third  of  our  pre-revolutionary 
churches  in  Boston.  Dr.  Parker,  its 
rector,  at  the  outbreak  of  the  Revo- 
lution stood  his  ground,  telling  his 
vestry  that  they  must  either  keep  the 
church  open  and  omit  the  prayers  for 
the  King,  or  go  on  praying  for  the 
King  and  close  the  church.  The 
vestry  to  a single  man  stood  by  their 
rector,  the  church  was  kept  open 
throughout  the  war,  and  around  Dr. 
Parker  Massachusetts  Churchmanship 
afterwards  rallied. 


THE  RIGHT  REV.  EDWARD  BASS,  D.D. 
First  Bishop  of  Massachusetts 


IV.  The  Revolution — and  After 

The  Revolution  came  like  the  rains 
and  the  flood  in  the  parable,  to  test  the 
durability  of  the  building  which  the 
Church  had  done.  Because  it  was  so 
intimately  connected  with  the  govern- 
ment of  England,  it  was  naturally  ac- 
cused of  being  royalist  and  unpatriotic 
by  the  colonists.  Some  of  the  clergy 
and  laity  did  feel  bound,  by  their  ordk 
nation  vows  or  their  Church  ad- 
herence, to  uphold  the  royalist  side. 
They  were  as  sincere  and  suffered  as 
much  as  the  staunchest  patriot.  But 
there  was  nothing  in  the  doctrines  of 
the  Church,  as  such,  to  necessitate 
allegiance  to  George  III.  Many  of 
the  leaders  on  the  side  of  the  colonies 
were  Churchmen,  as  we  know,  and 
after  the  new  government  was  estab- 
lished, it  was  loyally  supported  by  the 
Episcopal  Church.  When  the  alterna- 
tive was  presented  of  praying  for  the 
King  or  changing  the  words  of  the 
Prayer  Book,  American  Churchmen, 
with  searching  of  heart,  did  the  latter. 
The  coveted  gift  of  the  episcopate  was 
delayed  because  they  would  not  take 
the  oath  of  allegiance. 

In  New  England,  particularly, 
where  the  Church  had  grown  under 
such  difficulties,  men  had  come  into 
her  communion  from  conviction,  after 
investigation  of  her  claims,  and  had 
not  merely  accepted  her  as  part  of  the 
established  order  of  things.  Their 
conversion  had  been  a mental  and 
spiritual  matter,  less  connected  with 
outward  things  like  politics,  and  it 
was  the  easier  for  them  to  reorganize 
the  Church  as  separate  from  the  state. 

Bishop  Bass  was  the  first  Bishop  of 
Massachusetts.  His  consecration  took 
place  on  May  7,  1797,  and  his  conse- 
crators  were  Bishops  White,  Pro- 
voost  and  Claggett.  This  was  the  first 
consecration  to  the  episcopate  to  take 
nlace  in  New  England  and  the  second 
in  America.  He  was  succeeded  by 
Bishop  Parker^  under  whom  the 
Church  in  Massachusetts  was  wiselv 
guided  and  adjusted  to  the  new  needs. 


How  Our  Church  Came  to  Our  Country 


793 


Within  the  limits  of  this  article  we 
cannot  hope  to  follow  the  Church 
farther  in  her  ministry  to  the  people 
of  Massachusetts,  but  we  must  point 
out  the  tremendous  changes  that 
have  taken  place,  and  how  wonder- 
fully she  has  been  blessed.  From  be- 
ing the  hotbed  of  oppression  and 
persecution  against  Churchmen,  Mas- 
sachusetts has  become  the  place 
where,  perhaps  more  than  in  any 
other,  the  Church  is  held  in  honor  by 
all  classes  and  creeds.  Her  progress 
during  recent  years  has  been  propor- 
tionately greater  than  that  of  any 
other  Christian  body,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  the  Roman  Catholics,  who 
have  increased  by  immigration. 


Contrast  the  picture  of  the  early 
Churchmen,  standing  alone  for  their 
faith,  slandered  and  reviled  and 
driven  out,  with  the  picture  on  a pre- 
vious page,  where  the  General  Con- 
vention of  1904,  with  its  long  line  of 
bishops,  marches  through  Copley 
Square  into  the  entrance  of  Trinity 
Church,  Boston,  made  sacred  by  the 
life  and  ministry  of  Phillips  Brooks. 

Here  in  Massachusetts,  where  the 
Church  had  such  a struggle  to  gain 
even  a foothold,  and  where  the  pri- 
vate exercise  of  her  rites  was  for- 
bidden, we  have  today  two  dioceses 
reporting  297  clergy  and  66,217  com- 
municants— and  the  work  goes  on ! 


CLASS  WORK  ON  “HOW  OUR  CHURCH  CAME  TO 
MASSACHUSETTS” 


PREPARATION  FOR  THE  LESSON 

GENERAL  English  and  American  his 
tory  will  give  the  background  of  the 
struggle  between  Puritanism  and  the 
Church  which  seemed  to  find  a focus  in 
Massachusetts.  Any  good  Church  history 
will  be  of  assistance.  See  also  “Some 
Memory  Days  of  the  Church  in  America,” 
“The  Indebtedness  of  Massachusetts  to  Its 
Six  Bishops,”  Volume  VII  of  “The  Amer- 
ican Church  History  Series,”  and  Volume  I 
of  “The  History  of  the  Eastern  Diocese.” 
See  also  the  story  of  “The  Maypole  of 
Merrymount”  in  Hawthorne’s  “Twice-told 
Tales”;  but  remember  in  reading  it  that  he 
is  using  his  imagination  to  set  forth  a point 
of  view  of  the  stern  Puritan  who  did  not 
wish  to  be  happy  himself  nor  intended  that 
any  one  else  should  be. 

THE  FIRST  FIVE  MINUTES 

All  your  children  know  a good  deal  about 
the  landing  of  the  Pilgrim  Fathers  on 
Plymouth  Rock  and  the  settlement  of  Salem 
and  Boston.  Try  to  bring  out  whatever 
else  they  may  know  about  the  early  char- 
acteristics of  the  Massachusetts  colony. 
Some  of  your  class  may  have  been  in  Bos- 
ton. Ask  what  historic  places  they  have 
seen.  Get  them  to  tell  what  happened  at 
the  “Old  North  Church.” 

TEACHING  THE  LESSON 

I.  Pilgrim  and  Puritan. 

1.  What  was  the  difference  between  the 
Pilgrim  and  the  Puritan? 


2.  How  far  were  English  Churchmen 
represented  among  the  founders  of  the 
Massachusetts  colony? 

3.  With  what  feelings  did  the  Rev. 
Francis  Higginson  leave  England? 

4.  Did  the  colonists  really  want  religious 
freedom  for  every  one? 

II.  The  Unwelcome  Churchman. 

1.  What  do  you  know  about  Thomas 
Morton  of  Merrymount? 

2.  Tell  something  about  John  and  Samuel 
Brown  of  Salem. 

3.  What  happened  to  the  Rev.  William 
Blackstone  ? 

III.  Beginning  to  Build. 

1.  How  did  the  restoration  of  the  Stuarts 
affect  the  Church  in  Massachusetts? 

2.  Tell  how  Churchmen  borrowed  a meet- 
ing-house. 

3.  What  early  parishes  were  established? 

4.  Who  was  Timothy  Cutler  and  what 
did  he  do  ? * 

IV.  The  Revolution — and  After. 

1.  What  changes  did  the  Revolution  bring 
to  the  Church  in  Massachusetts. 

2.  What  do  you  know  about  the  first 
bishop  of  Massachusetts? 

3.  Show  the  contrast  between  the 
Church’s  past  and  present. 

* Christ  Church,  Boston,  of  which  Dr.  Cutler 
was  rector  for  so  many  years,  called  the  “Old 
North  Church,”  where  Paul  Revere’s  friend  hung 
the  signal  lantern  on  the  night  before  the  battle 
of  Lexington,  is  the  oldest  house  of  worship  in 
Boston. 


EDUCATIONAL  MATTERS 


THOUGH  full  reports  have  not 
even  yet  been  received,  the  rec- 
ord of  study  for  1913-1914  has 
already  been  beaten.  In  that  year 
mission  study  of  a formal  nature  was 
conducted  in  1857  places;  with  sev- 
eral dioceses  yet  to  be  heard  from  we 
already  have  reports  from  over  2,100 
classes  for  the  year  1914-1915.  We 
should,  however,  beware  of  the  lure 
of  numbers,  and  the  Educational  Sec- 
retary earnestly  hopes  that  during  the 
coming  year  every  single  leader  will 
take  for  a motto:  “The  longest  way 
round  is  the  shortest  way  home.”  By 
this  he  means  that  we  can  never 
afford  to  forget  that  education  ceases 
to  be  education  the  moment  we  allow 
our  desire  for  a large  class  to  over- 
shadow our  hope  for  one  that,  how- 
ever small,  will  produce  deep  and 
lasting  results. 

* 

On  another  page  will  be  found  an 
advertisement  of  an  anthem  written 
for  us  by  the  greatest  living  exponent 
of  church  music — T.  Tertius  Noble. 
It  is  to  be  hoped  that  by  the  use  of 
this  anthem  the  motive  and  impor- 
tance of  missions  may  be  brought 
home  to  choirs  and  choirmasters 
throughout  the  country. 

4* 

A great  deal  is  being  done  nowa- 
days in  the  way  of  suggesting  mission 
study  books,  games,  etc.,  for  Christ- 
mas gifts.  Such  books,  for  example, 
as  the  “Life  of  Bishop  Ingle,”  the  ac- 
count of  the  work  of  the  True  Light 
Mission  under  the  names,  “They 
That  Sat  in  Darkness,”  “The  Story 
of  the  Church  in  China,”  and  “Chris- 
tianity and  Civilization”  would  make 
very  acceptable  Christmas  presents ; 
so  also  would  the  Game  of  “Home.” 
With  regard  to  the  Game  of 
“Home,”  it  might  be  added,  for  the 
benefit  of  those  who  have  not  seen  it, 


that  it  is  without  doubt  one  of  the 
best  devices  that  we  have  yet  pro- 
duced for  teaching  children,  in  a way 
that  is  agreeable  to  them,  the  why  and 
how  of  missions. 

* 

The  Educational  Department  is 
making  arrangements  whereby  those 
who  desire  to  use  the  little  book, 
“Around  the  World  with  Jack  and 
Janet”  for  Juniors,  can  secure  addi- 
tional material  to  enable  them  to 
focus  the  course  on  the  Church’s 
work.  This  material  has  to  come 
from  England,  and  owing  to  the  un- 
certainty of  mails  these  days  we 
cannot  say  when  the  material  will  be 
ready,  but  the  point  is  well  worth 
keeping  in  mind. 

The  Educational  Secretary  has  just 
brought  out  a pamphlet  which  presents 
something  new  in  the  line  of  mission- 
ary education.  Whether  it  will  regis- 
ter a success  or  not  remains  to  be 
seen,  but  as  the  first  serious  effort  at 
producing  suggestions  for  mission 
study  among  men,  it  deserves  special 
attention.  So  much  has  been  done  in 
the  way  of  providing  the  women  of 
the  Church  with  mission  study  ma- 
terial that,  so  far  as  possible,  we  must 
think  more  about  what  can  be  done 
for  the  men.  The  pamphlet  referred 
to,  published  under  the  title  of  “One 
Thing  Brings  Up  Another”  makes 
suggestions  whereby,  through  discus- 
sion, will  be  brought  out  the  vital  re- 
lation between  those  things  in  which 
the  average  man  is  interested  and  the 
extension  of  the  Kingdom  of  God. 

In  connection  with  the  pamphlet 
that  was  brought  out  three  years  ago 
entitled  “A  Way  That  Worked,”  this 
new  pamphlet  is  commended  most 
seriously  to  rectors  in  search  of  a way 
to  start  their  men  thinking  along  mis- 
sionary lines.  The  whole  matter  is 


794 


Announcements  Concerning  the  Missionaries 


795 


for  the  present  in  its  initial  stages,  and 
any  suggestions  and  criticisms  sent  to 
the  Educational  Secretary  will  be 
thankfully  received. 

It  would  be  well  to  say  in  this  con- 
nection that  this  year’s  Junior  book, 
“Modern  Heroes  of  the  Mission 
Field,,”  is  quite  as  useful  with  boys 
as  with  girls.  In  fact,  it  is  the  only 
course  of  Hero  Stories  that  we  have 
brought  out,  and  as  such  is  to  be  borne 
in  mind  whenever  one  is  considering 
the  problem  of  presenting  missions  to 
boys. 

4* 

THE  series  of  lessons  that  ap- 
peared in  The  Spirit  of  Mis- 
sions serially  last  year  under  the  title 
“Lives  That  Have  Helped,”  have 
been  bound  together  in  pamphlet 
form,  and  are  now  on  sale  at  20  cents 


a copy,  or  $1.50  for  ten  copies,  post- 
paid. Presenting  as  they  do  excellent 
bibliographical  material,  they  are  to 
be  highly  recommended. 


MATERIAL  ON  AFRICA 

THE  September  issue  of  The 
Spirit  of  Misions  was  devoted 
largely  to  work  in  Africa.  The  arti- 
cles presented,  together  with  the  ex- 
cellent illustrations,  will  be  especially 
useful  for  study  classes  and  general 
educational  work.  An  extra  edition 
was  printed  with  a view  to  filling 
these  needs.  Persons  who  desire 
copies,  by  addressing  the  Business 
Manager,  281  Fourth  Avenue,  New 
York,  may  obtain  them  at  the  follow- 
ing rates:  Single  copies,  10c.;  $1.00  a 
dozen ; 25  or  more  at  the  rate  of  5c. 
each. 


ANNOUNCEMENTS  CONCERNING 
THE  MISSIONARIES 


Alaska 

On  August  15th  the  Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  W. 
Chapman  and  the  Rev.  P.  H.  Williams 
arrived  at  Tanana;  on  the  following  day 
the  Rev.  F.  B.  Drane  reached  his  post  at 
Nenana. 

The  Rev.  and  Mrs.  Guy  D.  Christian,  who 
left  Seattle  on  September  27th,  via  the  S.S. 
Jefferson , reached  Juneau  on  October  1st. 

Anking 

Miss  Annie  J.  Lowe  arrived  at  Shanghai 
on  September  1st,  having  sailed  on  the  S.S. 
Manchuria. 

Brazil 

Coming  to  the  United  States  in  the  in- 
terest of  the  Laymen’s  Missionary  Move- 
ment, the  Right  Rev.  L.  L.  Kinsolving  left 
the  field  on  the  S.S.  Vestris  September  2nd, 
arriving  in  New  York  on  the  6th  of  Octo- 
ber. 

Hankow 

' On  October  2nd  the  Rev.  A.  M.  Sherman 
and  family  returned  to  the  field  on  the  S.S. 
Chiyo  Maru,  after  an  extended  leave  of 
absence. 

Deaconess  Emily  Ridgely  reached  Shang- 
hai on  September  1st  and  proceeded  to  her 
station. 


Leaving  the  field  on  regular  furlough, 
Miss  Ada  Whitehouse  sailed  on  the  S.S. 
Chiyo  Maru , August  28th,  and  arrived  on 
September  20th  in  San  Francisco. 

The  Rev.  S.  H.  Littell  and  family  arrived 
in  San  Francisco  on  October  11th,  having 
left  Shanghai  on  the  S.S.  Tenyo  Maru , 
September  17th. 

Kyoto 

Miss  C.  J.  Tracy  reached  her  post  on 
August  23rd. 

Liberia 

The  Rev.  F.  W.  Ellegor  arrived  in  New 
York  October  12th  on  the  S.S.  Montevideo. 

Mexico 

Miss  Claudine  Whitaker  arrived  in  New 
York  on  September  26th  and  proceeded  to 
Philadelphia. 

Shanghai 

On  the  S.S.  Chiyo  Maru,  from  San  Fran- 
cisco, on  October  2nd,  Miss  M.  E.  Bender 
returned  to  the  field  after  regular  furlough. 

Dr.  Gulielma  F.  Alsop,  with  Dr.  Sheplar, 
left  the  field  on  September  17th  on  the  S.S. 
Tenyo  Maru. 

Tokyo 

On  October  7th  word  came  to  us  from 
Japan  announcing  the  death  of  Mrs.  Me- 


796 


Missionary  Speakers 


Kim.  Bishop  McKim  with  the  Misses 
Bessie  and  Nellie  McKim  sailed  on  October 
14th  on  the  S.S.  Mongolia. 

Miss  C.  G.  Heywood  arrived  in  the  field 
on  August  23rd  on  the  S.S.  Tenyo  Maru. 

Returning  after  furlough,  the  Rev.  F.  C. 
Meredith  sailed  from  Seattle  on  October 
first  on  the  S.S.  Shidzuoka  Maru.  . 

Sailing  from  San  Francisco  on  October 
2nd,  via  the  S.S.  Chiyo  Maru , the  Rev. 


A.  W.  Cooke  and  family  are  returning  to 
Japan  after  an  extended  furlough. 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  R.  B.  Teusler,  who  left  on 
the  S.S.  Chiyo  Maru  on  September  4th, 
reached  San  Francisco  September  20th. 

Coming  on  regular  furlough,  the  Rev. 
and  Mrs.  C.  S.  Reifsnider  and  Miss  Caro- 
line M.  Schereschewsky  sailed  on  Septem- 
ber 25th  and  reached  San  Francisco  on 
October  11th. 


MISSIONARY  SPEAKERS 


FOR  the  convenience  of  those  arranging 
missionary  meetings,  the  following  list 
of  clergy  and  other  missionary  workers 
available  as  speakers  is  published. 

When  no  address  is  given,  requests  for 
the  services  of  the  speakers  should  be  ad- 
dressed to  Mr.  John  W.  Wood,  Secretary, 
281  Fourth  Avenue,  New  York. 

Church  Missions  House  Staff 
The  President  and  Secretaries  of  the 
Board  are  always  ready  to  consider,  and 
so  far  as  possible  respond  to  requests  to 
speak  upon  the  Church’s  general  work  at 
home  and  abroad.  Address  each  officer 
personally  at  281  Fourth  Avenue,  New 
York. 

Secretaries  of  Provinces 

II.  Rev.  John  R.  Harding,  D.D.,  550  West 
157th  Street,  New  York. 

• III.  Rev.  G.  C.  F.  Bratenahl,  D.D.,  Room 
810,  Woodward  Building,  corner  Fifteenth 
and  H Streets,  N.W.,  Washington,  D.  C. 

IV.  Rev.  R.  W.  Patton,  412  Courtland 
Street,  Atlanta,  Ga. 

VI.  Rev.  C.  C.  Rollit,  4400  Washburn 
Avenue,  South,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 

VII.  Rev.  Edward  Henry  Eckel,  Sr.,  211 
W.  Market  Street,  Warrensburg,  Mo. 

VIII.  Rt.  Rev.  G.  C.  Hunting  (acting), 
Reno,  Nev. 

Alaska 

Mrs.  Grafton  Burke,  of  Fort  Yukon. 

Rev.  Hudson  Stuck,  D.D. 

Arkansas 

Rev.  Wm.  N.  Walton  (during  Novem- 
ber). 

Asheville 

Ven.  W.  B.  Allen  (during  November  and 
December). 

Brazil 

Rt.  Rev.  L.  L.  Kinsolving,  D.D. 

China 

Anking 

Miss  S.  E.  Hopwood. 

Hankow 
Rev.  F.  G.  Deis. 

Rev.  A.  A.  Gilman. 


Miss  S.  H.  Higgins. 

Rev.  S.  H.  Littell. 

Miss  K.  E.  Scott. 

Shanghai 

W.  H.  Jefferys,  M.D. 

Rev.  H.  A.  McNulty. 

Mr.  H.  F.  MacNair  (in  Eighth  Province). 

Rev.  J.  W.  Nichols  (in  Eighth  Province). 

Rev.  F.  L.  H.  Pott,  D.D. 

Cuba 

Rev.  W.  W.  Steel. 

Rev.  C.  M.  Sturges  (in  Seventh  Prov- 
ince). 

Japan 

Kyoto 

Rev.  Roger  A.  Walke. 

Tokyo 

Dr.  R.  B.  Teusler. 

Mexico 

Miss  C.  Whitaker. 

Salina 

Rt.  Rev.  S.  M.  Griswold,  D.D. 

Spokane 

Rt.  Rev.  H.  Page,  D.D. 

Utah 

Rt.  Rev.  Paul  Jones,  D.D.  (during  De- 
cember and  January). 

Western  Nebraska 

Rt.  Rev.  G.  A.  Beecher,  D.D.  (during 
November!. 

Work  Among  Indians 

Mrs.  Baird  Sumner  Cooper  of 
Wyoming.  Address,  The  Covington, 
West  Philadelphia. 

Work  Among  Negroes 

Representing  St.  Paul’s  School,  Law- 
renceville,  Va.;  Archdeacon  Russell, 
Lawrenceville,  Va.  Rev.  Giles  B.  Cooke, 
Matthews  Court  House,  Va.  Mr.  Alvin 
Russell,  5000  Woodland  Avenue,  Phila- 
delphia, Pa. 

Representing  St.  Augustine’s  School, 
Raleigh,  N.  C.;  Rev.  A.  B.  Hunter, 
Raleigh,  N.  C. 

Representing  the  schools  and  other 
missionary  work  in  the  diocese  of  South 
Carolina;  Archdeacon  Baskerville,  Char- 
leston, S.  C. 


THE  LITERATURE  OF  MISSIONS 


BOOK  REVIEWS 

History  of  Christian  Missions.  By  Charles 
Henry  Robinson,  D.D.  Published  by 
Charles  Scribner’s  Sons,  Fifth  Avenue  at 
Forty-eighth  Street,  New  York.  Price,  $2.50 
net. 

This  is  one  of  the  volumes  of  the 
International  Theological  Library,  a 
series  of  books  planned  and  for  many 
years  edited  by  the  late  Professors 
Briggs  and  Salmond.  To  say  that  its 
author  is  Dr.  C.  IT.  Robinson,  Editorial 
Secretary  of  the  S.  P.  G.,  is  a sufficient 
guarantee  of  its  value  and  accuracy.  Of 
course,  it  does  not  attempt  to  tell  the 
story  of  all  missions  from  the  begin- 
ning of  the  Christian  era,  but  it  does 
provide  for  the  intelligent  reader  an  out- 
line sketch  of  Christian  missions 
whereby  he  may  obtain  a correct  per- 
spective, and  with  the  aid  of  which  he 
may  fill  in,  by  the  study  of  other  books, 
the  history  of  the  several  countries  and 
separate  periods  of  missionary  enter- 
prise. The  author  says:  “This  volume 
is  not  intended  to  serve  as  a dictionary, 
nor  as  a commentary  upon  missions,  but 
as  a text-book  to  encourage  and  facili- 
tate their  study.”  One  paragraph  of  his 
preface  is  suggestive  when  he  says: 

If  in  some  instances  I have  ap- 
peared to  dwell  at  disproportionate 
length  upon  the  work  of  Anglican 
missions,  this  has  not  been  due  to  my 
ignorance  of  the  relative  insignificance 
of  their  results,  if  these  are  calculated 
on  a numerical  basis,  but  is  due  to  the 
fact  that  I have  tried  to  lay  special 
emphasis  upon  the  beginnings  of  mis- 
sionary enterprises,  and  to  the  fact 
that  in  many  countries  where  a large 
amount  of  work  is  now  being  carried 
on  by.  other  societies,  missionary  en- 
terprise was  initiated  by  Anglican 
missionaries.  I desire  to  tender  my 
apolbgies  in  advance  to  the  represen- 
tatives of  several  American  societies 


concerning  whose  work  I have  found 
it  difficult  to  obtain  adequate  informa- 
tion. 

While  inevitably  there  are  omissions, 
and  while  it  would  be  difficult  in  a book 
of  this  scope  to  avoid  all  inaccuracies, 
on  the  whole  Dr.  Robinson  is  to  be 
congratulated  upon  the  success  with 
which  he  has  accomplished  a difficult 
and  almost  impossible  task.  We  know 
of  no  work  of  the  sort  which  has  at- 
tempted anything  like  so  much  and  so 
nearly  succeeded  in  its  purpose.  Par- 
ticularly as  presenting  the  Anglican 
point  of  view,  the  book  is  of  great  value. 

Tlie  Laymen's  Bulletin.  Published  by  the 
Laymen’s  Missionary  Movement  in  Great 
Britain  and  Ireland.  Subscription  price 
(four  numbers),  1/  (25c.)  per  annum. 

In  June  the  Laymen’s  Missionary 
Movement  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland 
undertook  the  publication  of  a small 
periodical  in  the  interest  of  the 
Movement.  The  first  two  numbers 
which  come  to  hand  are  indicative  of 
the  courageous  spirit  in  which  our  Eng- 
lish brethren  are  facing  the  conditions 
with  which  they  are  confronted.  Such 
articles  as  that  by  Viscount  Bryce  on 
“The  Immediate  Duty  of  Christian 
Men”  and  that  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Cairns 
on  “The  Task  Before  the  Church”  are 
powerful  presentations  of  the  oppor- 
tunities which  are  offered  the  Christian 
of  to-day.  The  Laymen’s  Bulletin  will 
doubtless  do  much  good  in  England  and 
should  also  furnish  suggestive  material 
for  leaders  of  men  in  America. 

The  Old  Narragansett  Church.  By  Rev.  H. 
Newman  Lawrence,  with  Foreword  by  the 
Bishop  of  Rhode  Island.  Preston  & Rounds 
Co.,  Providence,  R.  I.  Price  (cloth),  50 
cents ; by  mail,  55  cents. 

This  little  volume  of  80  pages  contains  a 
brief  history  of  one  of  the  most  interesting 
churches  of  the  Colonial  period — St.  Paul’s, 
better  known  as  the  Old  Narragansett 
Church,  established  in  1707  as  the  result  of 
the  energy  of  the  early  S.  P.  G.  mission- 
aries. Its  exterior  is  unusual,  the  door  be- 
ing in  the  centre  of  the  long  front  and  the 
general  type  of  the  building  conforming 
somewhat  to  the  Colonial  dwelling-house. 
Much  history  and  anecdote  gather  about 
the  old  church.  Here  dwelt  for  thirty-five 
years  the  Rev.  James  McSparran,  uncom- 
promising foe  alike  of  papists  and  lay- 

797 


798 


The  Literature  of  Missions 


readers;  here,  too,  Samuel  Fayerweather 
found  it  anything  but  fair  weather  when  he 
tried  to  steer  his  craft  through  the  period 
of  the  Revolution.  Much  of  the  earlier 
history  of  the  Eastern  diocese,  also  inti- 
mately touches  the  Old  Narragansett 
Church.  The  ancient  structure,  with  its 
quaint  interior  and  interesting  relics  of 
former  days  attracts  much  interest  and  en- 
shrines many  memories.  The  venerable 
building  now  stands  in  Wickford  and  has 
become  the  property  of  the  diocese  of 
Rhode  Island.  Many  Churchmen  will  wel- 
come this  volume  as  a handbook,  of  infor- 
mation and  remembrance. 

The  Meaning  of  Prayer.  Harry  Emerson  Fos- 
dick.  National  Board  of  the  Young  Wom- 
en’s Christian  Association,  600  Lexington 
Avenue,  New  York  City. 

Any  volume  which  helps  men  and  women 
to  learn  more  truly  the  meaning  and  power 
of  prayer  contributes  to  meet  a great  need 
of  the  present  day.  This  book  of  medita- 
tions and  studies,  put  forth  by  the  National 
Board  of  Young  Women’s  Christian  Asso- 
ciations, carries  an  introduction  by  Dr. 
John  R.  Mott,  and  deals  in  a concrete  and 
helpful  way  with  the  whole  subject  of 
prayer;  its  value,  its  prerequisites  and  its 
effects.  Not  only  so,  but  it  is  arranged  in 
such  a manner  that  it  may  be  used  day  by 
day  for  a series  of  weeks.  Daily  readings 
and  forms  of  prayer  are  suggested,  and 
topics  for  discussion  appear  from  time  to 
time.  On  the  whole,  it  seems  to  us  an  ex- 
ceedingly helpful  contribution  to  a literature 
which  is  as  yet  far  too  small. 

Debating  for  Boys.  William  Horton  Foster. 
Published  by  Sturgis  & Walton  Company, 
31-33  East  27th  Street,  New  York.  Price, 
$1.00  net. 

This  simple  and  unpretentious  manual 
by  Mr.  Foster  is  designed  to  help  boys 
debate  efficiently.  All  boys  like  this 
exercise,  and  it  could  be  made  a very 
fruitful  means  of  missionary  education. 
The  usual  difficulty  is  that  neither  the 
boys  themselves  nor  those  who  direct 
them  really  understand  the  effective 
methods  of  conducting  a debate.  This 
volume  would  make  it  possible  in  the 
home  and  the  club,  the  school  and 
the  church,  to  give  boys  an  education 
in  that  most  useful  of  exercises,  speak- 
ing effectively  upon  one’s  feet  and  an- 
swering arguments  in  a logical  and 
parliamentary  fashion. 

Official  Rule  and  Handbook  of  the  Philippine 
Amateur  Athletic  Association.  Alfredo 
Roensch  & Co.,  Manila,  P.  I.  Price,  50 
centavos. 

This  book,  sent  us  by  Bishop  Brent,  is  z 
manual  of  amateur  sport.  The  bishop . is 
the  president  of  the  association,  which 


seems  to  be  doing  excellent  work  in  pro- 
viding clean  and  healthful  recreation  for 
young  men  in  the  Philippines.  For  further 
comment,  see  editorial  note  in  this  issue. 

The  Mass:  The  Holy  Sacrifice  on  Sundays, 

Holy  Days  and  Days  of  Special  Observance. 

The  Home  Press,  New  York. 

Through  the  courtesy  of  the  Rev.  John 
J.  Wynne,  Editor  of  the  Catholic  Encyclo- 
pedia, we  have  received  a newly  issued 
prayer-book  entitled  “The  Mass.”  It  is, 
of  course,  from  the  Roman  missal,  and  was 
prepared  at  the  suggestion  of  Archbishop 
Ireland.  It  is  interesting  to  note  that  the 
book  is  entirely  in  English,  and  intended 
for  use  in  the  congregation.  How  impor- 
tant an  innovation  this  is  will  be  recognized 
by  those  who  are  familiar  with  the  type  of 
prayer-book  ordinarily  used  in  the  Roman 
Church. 

Everyland.  The  Missionary  Education  Move- 
ment, 156  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York. 

This  magazine  for  girls  and  boys,  pub- 
lished by  the  Missionary  Education  Move- 
ment, will,  beginning  with  the  December 
issue,  be  a monthly.  Heretofore  it  has  ap- 
peared quarterly.  Everyland,  which  con- 
tains 32  pages,  will  be  $1.00  a year, 
postpaid.  This  admirable  magazine  for 
young  people  is  ably  and  carefully  edited, 
and  wins  the  interest  and  enthusiasm  of 
its  readers.  It  occupies  a unique  position, 
and  should  have  a large  circulation — and 
a correspondingly  important  influence. 


WITH  the  October  issue  of  The  Amer- 
ican Church  Sunday-School  Maga- 
zine, published  by  George  W.  Jacobs 
&:  Company,  1628  Chestnut  Street,  Phila- 
delphia, the  Rev.  Herman  L.  Duhring,  D.D., 
will  sever  his  connection  as  editor.  Dr. 
Duhring,  owing  to  advancing  years,  has  felt 
reluctantly  compelled  to  relinquish  some  of 
his  responsibilities.  The  Church  at  large 
knows  how  well  and  how  acceptably  Dr. 
Duhring  has  edited  the  Magazine  and 
knows  also  somewhat  of  his  untiring  energy 
in  behalf  of  the  children’s  Lenten  offering 
for  Sunday-schools. 

Dr.  Duhring  will  be  succeeded  as  editor 
by  the  Rev.  Stewart  U.  Mitman,  Ph.D.,  of 
South  Bethlehem,  Pa.,  who  is  Field  Sec- 
retary of  the  Board  of  Religious  Education 
of  the  Province  of  Washington.  Dr.  Mit- 
man is  peculiarly  qualified  for  this  impor- 
tant position  and  will  bring  to  his  new 
duties  all  those  talents  which  have  made 
him  such  an  important  factor  in  the  edu- 
cational work  of  the  Church.  Under  his 
editorship  the  Magazine  should  go  forward 
to  even  greater  things  than  it  has  achieved 
heretofore. 


The  Woman’s  Auxiliary 

TO  THE  BOARD  OF  MISSIONS 


THE  WOMAN’S  AUXILIARY  AGAIN 

By  Mary  H.  Rochester 

Treasurer  for  fourteen  years  of  the  Albany  Branch,  and  for  twenty-five  years 
Secretary  and  sole  Diocesan  Officer  of  the  Southern  Ohio  Branch 


YOU  ask  me  to  tell  you  what  the 
Woman’s  Auxiliary  has  been  to 
me.  I can  answer  in  one  word — 
Everything. 

I think  my  life  began  when  my  eyes 
were  opened  and  I saw  the  field  in 
which  I had  been  asked  to  work.  My 
home  was  in  a newly  formed  diocese, 
and  Bishop  Jaggar,  just  consecrated 
its  first  bishop,  thought  he  saw  in  me 
something  “worth  while,”  and  ap- 
pointed me  to  organize  in  the  young 
diocese  a “branch  of  the  Woman’s 
Auxiliary  to  the  Board  of  Missions.” 
Such  a formidable  title ! I knew  lit- 
tle of  missionary  work,  and  absolutely 
nothing  of  the  Woman’s  Auxiliary.  I 
even  looked  in  the  dictionary  to  find 
the  plainest  meaning  of  the  word 
“auxiliary” — “help.”  Yes,  I was 
young  and  strong,  and  I surely  could 
help.  I saw  the  map  I had  studied 
when  a child,  and  like  a little  child  I 
stretched  my  hands  to  a far-away 
place.  My  very  first  venture  was  a 
scholarship  in  St.  Mary’s  Hall, 
Shanghai,  and  I named  it  for  the 
bishop  to  whom  I owed  so  much. 
This  was  followed,  a few  years  later, 
by  a scholarship  in  St.  John’s  College, 
Shanghai — the  Bishop  Vincent  Schol- 
arship, named  for  the  second  Bishop 
of  Southern  Ohio.  It  seems  strange 
now  to  find  the  attention  of  the  entire 
Church  centered  upon  these  two  in- 
stitutions to  which  I was  first  at- 
tracted. Could  it  be  that  the  gay 
colors  in  which  China  was  shown  on 
my  little  map  led  me  to  think  it  was 
ripe  for  the  harvest ! 


But  when  one  begins  to  be  a con- 
scientious member  of  the  Woman's 
Auxiliary,  there  seem  to  be  no  stop- 
ping places,  no  stations  from  which 
there  are  not  direct  lines  that  lead  to 
points  where  help  is  needed.  And  we 
want  to  help ; we  seem  to  be  built  that 
way.  We  are  sure  to  hear  of  a place 
needing  a hospital,  a school  or  a 
church,  and  with  our  great  sisterhood 
of  the  Woman’s  Auxiliary  (men  have 
brotherhoods)  the  many  hands  can 
surely  accomplish  what  is  needed. 
And  so  the  work  goes  on — neither 
stretches  of  land  nor  sea  can  stop  it. 
The  Masons  have  a grip — I believe  it 
is  some  peculiar  placing  of  the  thumb 
or  a finger  that  tells  each  one  the 
secret  of  membership ; we,  too,  have  a 
grip — a heart  to  heart  grip — each  beat 
seems  to  touch  the  heart  of  a co- 
worker, and  draws  us  together.  As 
I look  back  upon  the  days  that  have 
come  to  me  through  the  Woman’s 
Auxiliary,  I am  sure  that  I owe  much 
of  my  happiness  to  this  wonderful 
fellowship. 

Years  ago  Bishop  Schereschewsky 
(not  realizing  my  home  ties)  asked 
me  to  go  to  China  as  a missionary. 
That  was  the  highest  compliment  ever 
paid  me.  I have  wondered  very  often 
if  I would  have  been  a failure ! This 
recognition  came  to  me  because  I was 
a woman  of  the  Auxiliary.  Later  my 
good  friend,  the  Bishop  of  Tokyo, 
named  a room  for  me  in  St.  Luke’s 
Hospital.  This  also  came  to  me  be- 
cause I am  a woman  of  the  Auxiliary. 

It  is  pleasant  to  look  back,  and  re- 

799 


800 


The  Woman’s  Auxiliary 


member,  that  Mrs.  Twing,  the  first 
secretary  of  the  Auxiliary,  and  her 
sister,  Miss  Emery,  were  my  staunch 
friends  from  the  very  beginning,  and 
to  them  I owed  much  that  helped  and 
encouraged  me  in  my  undertaken  re- 
sponsibilities. During  all  these  years, 
and  they  are  many,  there  has  never 
fallen  even  a shadow  of  any  unpleas- 
antness. 

I am  sorry  for  the  women  not  ac- 
tively engaged  in  the  Woman’s  Aux- 


iliary. They  do  not  know  of  the  hap- 
piness and  of  the  good-fellowship  that 
might  be  theirs.  I have  given  the  best 
part  of  my  life  to  the  work,  but  I am 
jealous  of  the  years  I have  wasted. 
Missionaries  and  bishops  I count 
among  my  Auxiliary  friendships. 
Some  of  my  dear  friends  I know  only 
through  letters  that  have  passed  be- 
tween us,  but  I have  faith  to  believe 
that  some  day  in  a fair  country  we 
shall  meet  and  say  “Good  morning!” 


THE  AUXILIARY  AND  ST.  AUGUSTINE’S, 

RALEIGH 

By  Sarah  L.  Hunter 

Mrs.  Hunter  is  sketching  for  us,  here,  what  the  observation  of  twenty-seven  years 
has  shown  her  of  the  Woman's  Auxiliary  as  a friend  to  the  missionary. 

There  is  another  side  to  the  picture  she  presents,  which  every  member  of  the 
Auxiliary,  with  a clear  vision,  can  plainly  see — what  the  missionary  is  to  the  Auxiliary, 
something  of  what  the  unstinted  service  of  a quarter  of  a century  has  done  for  the 


mission  field  itself. 

I.  Boxes 

I AM  glad  of  this  opportunity  to 
tell  something  of  what  the  Wom- 
an’s Auxiliary  to  the  Board  of 
Missions  has  meant  to  me  and  to  St. 
Augustine’s  School  during  the  past 
twenty-seven  years. 

I think  my  first  experience  was 
after  I had  been  here  a few  months. 
I asked  the  principal  if  he  would  give 
me  the  privilege  of  asking  if  the  Aux- 
iliary would  supply  some  tablecloths 
for  the  use  of  the  students.  We  found 
that  they  had  been  eating  their  meals 
from  tables  covered  with  white  oil- 
cloth, which  is,  of  course,  very  clean 
when  it  is  fresh,  but  which  was  not  in 
good  condition  and  must  have  been 
very  disagreeable  to  eat  from.  The 
Rev.  Dr.  Robert  B.  Sutton  was  at  that 
time  principal  of  the  school,  and  he 
told  me  that  he  had  received  some 
tablecloths  from  a branch  of  the 
Woman’s  Auxiliary,  and  would  be 
glad  to  have  them  used.  He  had 


used  the  oilcloth,  as  it  saved  washing, 
and  he  thought  the  students  liked  it 
just  as  well,  but  he  would  gladly  sub- 
stitute the  white  tablecloths.  He  also 
said  that  he  was  perfectly  willing  that 
I should  ask  from  the  Auxiliary  any- 
thing which  I thought  would  add  to 
the  comfort  and  uplift  of  the  students 
of  the  school.  At  that  time  they  were 
taking  their  meals  in  a very  dark 
basement  room,  with  nothing  of  a 
particularly  refined  nature  about  it. 
When  Mr.  Hunter  became  principal, 
one  of  the  first  things  he  did  was  to 
paint  the  columns  of  the  room  and 
the  legs  of  the  tables  a bright  red,  so 
as  to  give  the  general  aspect  of  the 
room  a more  cheerful  appearance. 
We  all  laughed  at  it,  but  it  certainly 
did  add  something  to  the  brightness. 

The  first  Christmas  that  I was  liv- 
ing on  the  grounds,  Dr.  Sutton  asked 
that  I should  arrange  the  gifts  for  the 
Christmas  tree,  the  articles  for  which 
had  come  down  in  some  missionary 


The  Woman’s  Auxiliary 


801 


boxes.  A student  was  acting  as  super- 
intendent of  the  school,  and  he 
thought  I might  know  better  about 
the  distribution  of  the  clothing.  1 
had  rather  a funny  experience,  for  I 
did  not  know  any  of  the  children,  and 
I had  to  make  all  sorts  of  inquiries  so 
that  I should  not  give  a dress  for  an 
eleven-year-old  child  to  a child  of 
three,  or  vice  versa.  It  was  my  first 
experience  in  unpacking  a missionary 
box,  and  I enjoyed  it  greatly.  I re- 
member how  greatly  pleased  I was 
to  think  of  all  the  kind  friends  who 
had  bought  material  and  spent  so 
much  time  in  making  clothing  for  the 
children’s  Christmas  gifts.  Since 
then,  I have  unpacked  hundreds  of 
boxes,  and  I have  almost  the  same 
story  to  tell  of  each.  I have  been 
astonished  over  and  over  again  at  the 
dainty  garments  which  have  helped  so 
much  to  give  our  neighborhood  chil- 
dren a taste  for  refined  dressing.  We 
have  not  had  the  feeling  that  anything 
was  good  enough  for  a missionary 
box.  Even  simple  embroidery  and 
feather-stitching  and  ribbons  have 
been  put  on  many  garments  which 
have  come,  and  especially  those  which 
were  to  be  used  at  Christmas  time. 

When  Mr.  Hunter  became  princi- 
pal of  the  school  I found  that  it  was 
going  to  be  very  hard  for  him  to  have 
to  go  to  the  other  buildings  and  un- 
pack boxes,  and  that  our  office  in  our 
house  was  too  small  to  have  any  ac- 
cumulation in  it,  and  so  we  portioned 
off  a part  of  our  back  porch  and  made 
it  into  a little  shop,  where  I put  three 
closets  to  hold  the  kinds  of  things 
which  would  be  most  often  needed. 
The  women  came  to  us  from  several 
miles  out  in  the  country,  and  very 
many  of  them  from  around  the  neigh- 
borhood. The  surplus  stock  was 
taken  care  of  in  our  attic.  In  order 
to  reach  this,  we  had  to  climb  a step- 
ladder,  and  I think  our  Auxiliary 
friends  would  have  quite  enjoyed  the 
sight  of  Miss  Wheeler,  Dr.  Hayden, 
myself  and  other  ladies  climbing  those 


stairs,  with  our  arms  full  of  the 
bountiful  gifts  from  the  Woman’s 
Auxiliary  of  various  parts  of  the 
country.  Since  those  days,  we  have 
had  the  attic  finished  off,  some  good 
rooms  made,  and  a very  easy  stair- 
case put  in,  and  to  this  day  the  con- 
tents of  missionary  boxes  are  carried 
up  there,  and  this  is  our  centre  for 
St.  Agnes’  Hospital,  the  missionary 
store  supplies,  and  for  the  various 
gifts  for  our  Christmas  celebrations. 
I only  wish  that  more  Auxiliary 
women  could  be  present  at  this  end 
of  the  line  and  share  in  the  unpacking 
of  the  boxes  which  have  cost  so  much 
time,  labor  and  money. 

We  have  sometimes  had  the  privi- 
lege of  such  visits,  and  I remember 
once  a well-known  woman  of  the  Dio- 
ceses of  New  York  and  Newark  had 
just  come  into  the  house  from  her 
railroad  journey,  and  finding  that  I 
was  about  to  unpack  a box,  insisted 
on  going  down  into  the  basement  un- 
packing room  and  sharing  in  the  joy 
of  taking  out  all  the  nice  things. 
Another,  from  Long  Island,  who 
came  just  before  Christmas  of  last 
year,  had  the  same  experience  with 
one  of  our  Christmas  boxes  which  had 
arrived  in  time  to  be  used.  There  are 
some  others  who  have  shared  this  ex- 
perience, but  all  too  few.  As  visits 
from  Auxiliar)'  friends  are  always 
very  helpful,  it  is  a delight  to  show 
them  what  they  have  done  to  make 
St.  Augustine’s  School  what  it  is  to- 
day. What  would  have  happened  if 
we  had  had  no  Woman’s  Auxiliary! 
Should  I speak  more  of  the  boxes 
which  have  come  to  school  and  hos- 
pital, I could  tell  many  touching  and 
interesting  incidents,  but  it  would 
make  this  article  too  long  in  connec- 
tion with  that  part  of  the  helpfulness. 
One,  I must  speak  of.  Some  samples 
of  patch  work  were  sent  some  time 
ago,  and  the  lady  who  wrote  the  letter 
said  that  they  were  sent  by  a woman 
who  had  treasured  them  for  several 
years  as  the  work  of  her  mother,  who 


SO  2 


The  Woman’s  Auxiliary 


had  gone  to  Paradise  years  before. 
She  said  the  parting  with  them  was 
not  without  tears,  and  I know  that 
even  with  the  joy  of  sending  many  of 
the  gifts  which  have  come  to  us  there 
must  have  been  many  tears. 


THEORY  IN  PRACTICE 

MISS  WARREN’S  story  in  .the 
October  number  may  create 
the  wish  among  many  members 
of  the  Auxiliary  to  make  similar  visits 
in  the  mission  field.  In  some  cases 
the  bishops  may  make  such  visits 
practicable,  in  many  no  opportunity 
will  seem  to  open.  There  may  be 
danger  of  such  women  turning  back 
discouraged,  and  with  the  feeling  that 
their  own  Auxiliary  interests  are  not 
only  indirect  and  ineffective,  but  that 
they  have  lost  their  impetus  and 
charm.  Is  there  nothing  to  prevent 
this?  At  a recent  meeting  of  a dio- 
cesan branch  two  sessions  were  given 
to  instructions  on  normal  methods  in 
mission  study  by  a young  educational 
secretary  returned  this  summer  from 
her  own  training  at  Silver  Bay.  It 
was  good  to  see  this  young  college 
graduate  standing  before  her  experi- 
mental class.  Dignified  and  quiet,  in- 
telligent, earnest  and  devout,  she  per- 
formed her  task.  It  was  as  good  a 
sight  to  see  the  large  group  of  women 
gathered  before  her,  almost  every  one 
of  them  much  older  than  herself,  tak- 
ing the  matter  seriously,  asking  and 
answering  -questions,  making  notes, 
drawing  on  knowledge  obtained  from 
study  work  done  previously  in  their 
own  parishes,  evidently  prepared  to 
make  such  work  a real  and  abiding 
part  of  Auxiliary  enterprise.  It  was  an 
evident  proof  of  the  entire  readiness 
of  the  women  of  the  Auxiliary  to  ac- 
cept and  incorporate  into  their  own 
actions  the  good  things  their  juniors 
have  to  offer.  But  it  leads  to  the 
thought  that  in  this  training  for  teach- 
ing our  older  women,  a few  selected 
ones  from  each  diocese,  must  take 


part,  taking  advantage  of  the  summer 
schools  and  conferences.  By  writing 
to  Miss  Tillotson,  the  Assistant  Sec- 
retary, they  can  learn  which  of  these 
are  best  suited  to  their  purpose.  Re- 
turned equipped,  they  should  throw 
themselves  into  this  educational  work, 
and  not  simply  in  their  branch  of  the 
Woman’s  Auxiliary.  The  woman  who 
has  learned  to  teach  and  craves  a per- 
sonal and  not  a delegated  missionary 
service,  can  find  her  opportunity  at 
home.  She  may  have  lost  her  oppor- 
tunity of  serving  at  the  front — such 
opportunity  may  never  have  been  hers 
— but  she  can  still  help  others  to 
serve.  Perhaps  if  the  older  women, 
equipped  to  do  it  well,  come  back  into 
the  Sunday-school,  befriend  the 
groups  of  boys  and  girls  in  club  or  the 
Girls’  Friendly,  gather  special  com- 
panies of  girls  and  young  women  into 
Bible  and  mission  classes,  all  with  the 
continual  prayer  and  the  direct  inten- 
tion of  planting  the  seed  of  mission- 
ary desire,  not  only  will  our  parish 
life  grow  stronger  and  be  blessed  in 
its  own  daily  round,  but  the  woman 
who  longed  too  late  to  go  will  have 
her  substitute,  and  the  young  woman 
whose  time  is  now  will  not  be  kept 
until  too  late,  teaching  the  theory 
which  her  practice  would  teach  so 
well. 


THE  ONLY  CASE? 

What  strange  things  one  hears ! 
A United  Offering  treasurer,  in  a dio- 
cese whose  triennial  gift  is  among  the 
largest,  writes  that  in  a parish  of  over 
1,000  communicants  the  enthusiastic 
United  Offering  treasurer  had  a 
serious  handicap  in  that  the  president 
of  the  branch  said  that  the  United 
Offering  had  nothing  to  do  with  the 
Auxiliary,  that  she  could  not  spare 
the  time  for  a United  Offering  meet- 
ing, and  that  the  United  Offering 
treasurer  must  ask  contributions  of 
some  of  the  other  organizations  in  the 
parish ! 


THE  OCTOBER  CONFERENCE 


THE  dioceses  of  Connecticut, 
Long  Island,  Los  Angeles,  Mary- 
land, Missouri,  Newark,  New 
Jersey,  New  York,  Pennsylvania, 
Southern  Virginia,  Anking,  Hankow, 
Kyoto,  and  Liberia  were  represented 
by  some  thirty-five  or  forty  officers 
and  members  at  the  conference  on 
October  21.  Dr.  Burleson  adminis- 
tered the  Holy  Communion  which 
preceded  the  conference,  when  prayer 
was  made  especially  for  Mr.  Stearly, 
being  consecrated  Bishop  that  morn- 
ing, to  serve  as  Bishop  Suffragan  in 
the  Diocese  of  Newark. 

Preceding  the  conference,  Miss 
Scott,  of  St.  Hilda’s,  Wuchang,  Miss 
Hopwood,  of  St.  Agnes’,  Anking,  and 
Miss  Conway,  of  Cape  Mount,  told, 
the  first  of  the  new  St.  Hilda’s,  built 
and  occupied  through  the  United 
Offering  gift  of  $10,000;  the  second 
of  the  new  St.  Agnes’,  needed  and  to 
be  built  when  $10,000  shall  be  given, 
and  the  third  of  the  $500  given  by 
one  member  of  the  Auxiliary,  which 
is  to  build  the  little  hospital,  with  mud 
floor  and  thatched  roof,  in  which  Miss 
Conway  designs  continuing  her  work 
for  the  sick  and  suffering  natives. 

Mrs.  Phelps,  chairman  of  the  con- 
ference committee  appointed  in  Feb- 
ruary to  arrange  this  season’s 
conferences,  reported  that  this  day’s 
conference  was  in  charge  of  the  New- 
ark officers,  and  Mrs.  Danforth,  presi- 
dent of  that  branch,  took  the  chair, 
and  presented  the  subject  through  a 
typewritten  paper  which  was  dis- 
tributed among  those  present. 

Subject  : 

Relationship  of  diocesan  officers  to  the 
officers  at  the  Church  Missions  House;  and 
the  adoption  of  a constructive  policy  for 
the  year. 

Aim  : 

To  realize  that  the  growth  of  the  Aux- 
iliary demands  improved  methods  of  work, 
and  to  suggest  ways  of  promoting  greater 
efficiency. 


Questions  : 

I.  How  can  the  diocesan  branches  and 
the  general  office  of  the  Woman’s  Auxiliary 
facilitate  the  box  work? 

II.  Make  suggestions  for  improving  and 
strengthening  the  educational  work,  both 
general  and  diocesan. 

III.  In  what  way  can  the  Treasurer’s  office, 
and  the  diocesan  officers  be  of  assistance  to 
each  other? 

The  greater  part  of  the  conference 
hour  was  spent  upon  the  subject  of 
boxes.  In  Maryland  they  find  the 
personal  element  of  great  value.  The 
box  secretary  visits  the  parish 
branches,  and  by  talking  over  the  va- 
rious letters  and  dwelling  on  the  help 
that  doing  what  the  missionary  needs 
rather  than  what  the  branch  finds 
pleasantest  or  easiest  to  give,  secures 
the  undertaking  of  the  work.  In 
Newark,  where  a choice  of  work  is 
asked,  it  is  the  custom  to  make  notes 
and  abstracts  from  several  letters  and 
send  these,  and  when  the  choice  is 
made,  send  that  one  letter  only.  Both 
of  these  methods  lessen  the  danger  of 
losing  letters,  in  which  case  it  is  neces- 
sary to  report  the  loss  to  the  Missions 
House,  to  send  for  them  again  to  the 
missionary,  to  give  him  the  expense  of 
obtaining  new  measures  from  the 
tailor,  and  the  trouble  of  furnishing 
new  lists  and  measures,  all  causing 
the  Auxiliary  delay  in  getting  to  work 
and  supplying  the  box. 

Miss  M.  T.  Emery,  who  has  charge 
of  the  box  work,  was  present  at  the 
conference,  and  took  an  active  part. 
She  said  that,  as  a fact,  letters  are 
very  seldom  lost,  and  that  within  the 
last  five  years  not  more  than  two  per- 
sonal boxes  undertaken  have  failed  of 
being  sent.  She  mentioned  one  parish 
that  will  send  out  large  numbers  of 
what  may  be  called  uninteresting 
boxes — those  for  single  men,  families 
of  man  and  wife  only,  or  where,  if 
there  are  children,  they  are  nearly 
grown.  But  there  are  some  three 


803 


The  Woman’s  Auxiliary 


804 


hundred  branches  asking  to  be  al- 
lowed to  send  to  families  with  small 
children,  while  the  fact  is  that  this 
year,  in  supplying  boxes  to  four  hun- 
dred and  two  clergymen,  only  one 
hundred  and  fifty-three  of  them  have 
children  under  ten  years  of  age.  For 
branches  eager  to  supply  clothing  for 
little  ones,  the  institutions  and  cloth- 
ing bureaus  to  be  found  in  the 
Domestic  Mission  field  offer  large 
opportunity. 

The  parish  branches  should  obtain 
their  box  work  from  the  diocesan  sec- 
retary, who,  in  her  turn,  receives  it 
from  Auxiliary  headquarters.  It 
would  not  be  possible  for  the  officer  in 
charge  of  boxes  to  attend  to  this  work 
with  the  parish  branches  individually, 
and  the  diocesan  box  secretary  acts  as 
intermediary  between  the  two.  She 
should  be  mistress  in  her  own  house, 
and  gain  the  sympathetic  co-operation 
of  the  parish  secretaries,  who  should 
come  to  her  for  advice,  accept  such 
work  as  she  can  offer,  trust  her  judg- 
ment in  the  matter  and  to  her  fairness 
in  distributing  the  work  among  the 
branches.  It  sometimes  happens  that 
parish  branches  call  for  work  so  early 
in  the  season  that  the  diocesan  secre- 
tary is  not  at  home  to  attend  to  it, 
and  if  they  then  receive  suggestions 
from  headquarters,  they  should  report 
work  undertaken  to  the  diocesan  sec- 
retary at  the  earliest  opportunity.  In 
the  New  York  Branch  it  is  customary 
to  carry  on  the  work  with  the  personal 
boxes  with  headquarters  because  of 
convenience,  but  the  Juniors  have  a 
special  box  secretary  for  miscel- 
laneous boxes.  These  boxes  are  often 
made  up  by  contributions  from  many 
branches  sending  to  a central  point 
where  boxes  are  packed  and  sent  out. 
Los  Angeles  reported  the  branches  of 
the  entire  diocese  contributing  to 
make  up  a large  consignment  for 
Alaska. 

Connecticut  and  Newark  reported 
on  the  Comfort  Club,  which  receives 
articles  of  clothing  and  other  supplies. 


The  club  calls  for  two  garments  a year 
from  each  member,  and  dues  of 
twenty-five  cents,  also  that  each  se- 
cure as  many  new  members  each  year 
as  possible.  These  dues  help  in  the 
purchase  of  articles.  In  Newark,  last 
year,  thirty  clerical  suits  were  pro- 
vided through  this  means.  The  funds 
and  garments  are  sent  to  the  central 
secretary,  who  has  assistants  trained 
especially  in  the  distribution  of  the 
garments,  one  having  charge  of  the 
Domestic  work,  one  of  the  Indian,  and 
so  on.  The  articles  in  these  boxes 
range  from  a ten-cent  pair  of  stock- 
ings to  a ten-dollar  pair  of  blankets. 
In  parishes  and  missions  where  the 
people  are  very  poor  and  have  many 
home  expenses,  the  work  of  the  Com- 
fort Club  makes  a special  appeal.  In- 
cidentally, Mrs.  Roger  Walke,  of 
Kyoto,  was  greatly  impressed  by  the 
report  made  of  it,  and  felt  it  was  just 
what  she  could  introduce  among  the 
women  of  the  Japanese  Auxiliary. 

How  these  boxes  should  appear  in 
the  important  paper  was  considered, 
but  no  definite  conclusion  arrived  at. 
It  seems  to  the  Secretary  that  while 
each  diocesan  branch  might  give  a de- 
tailed report  of  parishes  contributing 
to  the  joint  boxes,  for  the  diocesan 
report,  for  the  general  report  of  the 
Auxiliary,  the  uniform  plan  might  be 
pursued,  of  reporting  the  number  of 
boxes  received  by  the  missionary  and 
their  total  value.  Thus,  if  Los  An- 
geles receives  at  its  central  point 
seventy-five  packages,  small  and  large, 
and  re-sorts  and  re-packs  them  for 
shipment  into  eleven  boxes  and  bales, 
the  diocesan  secretary  will  report  for 
the  general  report  of  the  Auxiliary, 
eleven  boxes  and  not  seventy-five. 

The  remaining  half-hour  of  the 
conference  was  divided  between  a 
consideration  of  the  educational  work 
and  money  difficulties.  The  points 
touched  upon  were: 

The  possibility  of  the  yearly  text- 
books being  issued  each  June;  that 
orders  for  material  for  study  classes 


805 


The  Woman’s  Auxiliary 


and  institutes  be  sent  in  ample  season, 
not  delayed  to  the  last  moment,  so 
that  the  leader  arrives  to  find  no 
books  on  hand;  the  practice  of  send- 
ing for  books  on  approval,  of  which 
the  larger  number  are  returned,  some- 
times in  bad  condition.  Could  not 
books  be  purchased  even  if  in  smaller 
number,  and  sold  in  the  branch  as  re- 
quired ? 

In  New  York,  Auxiliary  institutes 
of  three  days  each  are  to  be  held  for 
the  older  women  in  four  districts 
within  the  diocese,  in  successive 
months  beginning  with  November. 
The  Juniors  of  the  diocese  are  to  take 
advantage  for  their  leaders  of  the 
normal  training  of  the  Missionary 
Education  Movement,  learning  how  to 
teach  not  only  from  mission  text- 
books, but  manual  work  for  missions. 
The  women  also  are  to  join  the  Jun- 
iors in  the  study  of  the  book,  “The 
Church  and  the  Nations.” 

One  general  text-book  is  perhaps 
an  ideal  plan,  but  books  often  must  be 
chosen  to  fit  the  kind  of  classes.  Lent 
is  a favorite  season  for  study  work, 
but  a monthly  meeting  is  helpful.  A 
special  officer  for  increasing  subscrip- 
tions to  The  Spirit  of  Missions  is  a 
useful  practical  adjunct  to  work  along 
educational  lines. 

Concerning  the  Woman’s  Auxiliary 
and  the  Board’s  Treasury,  the  Aux- 
iliary may  certainly  help  by  under- 
standing and  explaining  technical 
terms — apportionment,  appropriation, 
emergency,  specials,  designated  offer- 
ings ; by  reminding  that  the  parish 
apportionments  are  made  up  within 
the  diocese,  not  by  the  Board ; remit- 
ting Auxiliary  gifts  promptly ; by 
using  influence  for  remitting  parish 
gifts  promptly;  by  always  encourag- 
ing a more  and  more  generous  giving. 

The  old  difficulty  of  recognizing 
designated  contributions  was  brought 
up,  and  the  officers  referred  for  ad- 
vice to  the  Auxiliary  secretaries. 

The  Secretary  suggested  that  dio- 
cesan specials  made  up  of  many  small 


contributions  from  parish  branches 
be  sent  to  the  general  treasury  cred- 
ited in  the  total  sum  to  the  diocesan 
branch  only,  while  all  gifts  towards 
appropriations  be  credited  to  each 
parish  branch  in  order  that  they  may 
be  counted  upon  the  various  parish  ap- 
portionments. She  called  attention  to 
the  Nation-Wide  Preaching  Mission 
to  be  held  this  winter  throughout  the 
country,  hoping  that  the  members  and 
officers  of  the  Auxiliary  will  keep 
these  meetings  in  their  thoughts  and 
remember  them  constantly  in  their 
prayers,  that  a special  blessing  may 
come  upon  the  Church  at  this  time, 
and  that  the  growth  of  the  Kingdom 
may  be  assured. 


A VOTE  OF  THANKS 

The  Convocation  of  the  Niobrara 
Deanery  of  the  Missionary  District 
of  South  Dakota  in  annual  convoca- 
tion assembled,  express  their  thanks 
to  the  Woman’s  Auxiliary  of  the 
Board  of  Missions  for  their  increas- 
ing aid  to  the  Helpers,  Catechists  and 
Clergy  by  sending  them  missionary 
boxes,  Christmas  and  other  goods  for 
general  use  among  the  sick  and  needy 
Indians,  and  their  generous  aid  to  our 
Missionary  Boarding  Schools,  and  in 
other  ways  innumerable,  and  there- 
fore this  convocation  prays  for  their 
increasing  prosperity  and  success  and 
the  blessing  of  God  upon  their  work. 


THE  NOVEMBER  CONFERENCE 

The  November  Conference  will  be 
held  on  Thursday,  the  18th,  at  the 
Church  Missions  House,  New  York. 

Holy  Communion  in  the  Chapel,  at 
10  A.  M. ; reports,  etc.,  in  the  Board 
Room  at  10.30;  conference  from  11 
to  12.  Prayers  in  the  Chapel  at  noon. 

Subject  of  the  Conference:  “Shall 
we  ask  the  Board  to  replace  the 
Woman’s  Auxiliary  by  an  auxiliary  of 
both  men  and  women?” 


THE  JUNIOR  PAGE 


LEAFLETS 

THESE  are  questions  addressed 
to  Junior  leaders.  What  do  you 
think  of  our  Junior  Auxiliary 
leaflets?  First  of  all,  have  you  a com- 
plete set?  If  you  have,  will  you  get 
them  out  and  let  us  talk  them  over? 
If  you  have  not,  will  you  turn  to  the 
“List  of  Leaflets’’  in  this  number  of 
The  Spirit  of  Missions.  The  plan 
adopted  is  this: 

The  leaflets  for  Sections  II  and  III 
and  some  for  Section  I are  intended 
for  the  members.  The  Junior  Book 
is  supposed  to  contain  suggestions  for 
leaders.  At  present  we  have  the  fol- 
lowing leaflets : A general  one  on  the 
Junior  Auxiliary;  three  for  Section 
III — one  to  put  before  • the  young 
women  the  claims  of  the  Junior  Aux- 
iliary and  the  other  two  on  the  United 
Offering,  one  of  them  more  especially 
on  the  money  offering  and  the  other 
on  the  gift  of  life.  Then  there  are 
two  leaflets  for  Section  II — one  on 
reasons  for  belonging  to  the  Junior 
Auxiliary  and  the  other  on  the  United 
Offering.  For  Section  I,  Little 
Helpers,  there  are  the  general  leaflets, 
on  the  origin  and  suggestions,  and 
each  year  there  is  a letter  to  the 
leaders  and  one  to  the  members, 
though  last  year  this  latter  letter  was 
replaced  by  two  leaflets  for  the  mem- 
bers. Besides  these  helps  there  are, 
of  course,  Junior  and  Little  Helpers 
Collects  and  membership  cards.  Now 
the  question  is,  are  these  leaflets  of 
any  help  to  you  in  your  work?  If 
they  are,  do  you  make  all  the  use  of 
them  which  you  can?  If  they  are  not, 
what  kind  of  leaflets  would  you  like 
to  have?  Please  attend  to  these  ques- 
tions, and  let  us  have  your  answers  as 
soon  as  possible. 

The  whole  question  of  Junior  leaf- 
lets is  a puzzling  one.  We  suppose 
you  want  leaflets,  though  even  in  this 

806 


we  may  be  wrong!  But  we  do  not 
know  what  you  think  of  those  we 
have  prepared  for  you.  The  Little 
Helpers  leaders  do  sometimes  make 
suggestions,  but  only  once  have  we 
heard  any  comment,  favorable  or  un- 
favorable, about  any  leaflet  for  Sec- 
tions II  and  III ! May  we  hear  them 
now  ? 


FROM  WAXAHACHIE,  DIO 
CESE  OF  DALLAS 

We  had  our  little  meeting,  and  it 
was  a success  for  us,  as  we  are  so 
few.  We  mounted  pictures  of  Dr. 
Teusler  and  his  helpers,  and  pictures 
of  the  hospital,  and  the  children  had 
studied  about  Japan,  and  made  maps 
of  the  country.  These  we  put  on  the 
walls,  too.  I found  out  all  I could 
about  the  hospital  and  Dr.  Teusler, 
and  the  children  grew  very  enthusi- 
astic. I had  them  tell  all  they  knew. 
They  responded  beautifully  to  my 
questions,  and  entered  heartily  into 
the  special  prayers  for  the  work.  Our 
offering  was  five  dollars  and  eleven 
cents.  I have  a beautiful  letter  from 
Mrs.  Pancoast,  and  she  sent  me  a 
copy  of  the  letter  she  was  sending  to 
California  to  be  read  in  place  of  an 
address  she  was  invited  to  give  out 
there. 


A ten-months-old  baby  is  our  first 
missionary  at  Cropley,  for  she  has  her 
Little  Helpers  mite  box  as  an  appeal 
in  a community  where  there  is  no 
church.  Her  home  is  in  a mining 
camp,  and  the  only  services  held  are 
bi-weekly,  by  a Presbyterian  minister, 
in  an  abandoned  schoolhouse.  Last 
Christmas  was  celebrated  on  the  8th 
of  November,  because  the  weather 
was  favorable,  and  it  was  more  con- 
venient than  it  would  be  on  December 
25th ! 


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Life  of  Bishop  Potter 

By  DEAN  HODGES 

It  is  the  story  of  a great  man 
told  with  rare  discrimination  and 
charm.  The  New  York  Herald 
says: 

“It  is  not  only  the  churchman  who  will 
enjoy  Dean  Hodges’  “ Henry  Codman 
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