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Sprague's  Journal 
of  Maine  History 


VOL.  Ill 


APRIL  1915-APRIL  1916 


10HN  FRANCIS  SPRAGUE 

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CONTENTS 


THE  WORK  OF 

SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL 
OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

has  been  heartily  endorsed  by  the  press  of  Maine 
and  other  leading  Journals  in  the  country  and  by 
many  of  the  most  prominent  men  of  Maine  and 
New  England. 

Thus  we  desire  to  call  your  attention  to  the  fact  that  this  is  the 
only  publication  in  the  world  today  that  is  devoted  exclusively  to 
the  advancement  of  historical  subjects  and  historical  research  along 
the  lines  of  Maine's  early  history. 

We  need  the  hearty  aid  and  co-operation  of  every  person  in 
Maine  interested  in  this  matter.  If  you  are  not  a  subscriber,  kind- 
ly send  your  name  and  address  with  one  dollar  for  one  year's  sub- 
scription. If  you  are  already  a  subscriber,  bear  in  mind  that  the 
success  of  the  enterprise  owes  much  to  prompt  payments. 

Spragues  Journal  of  Maine  History 
DOVER,   MAINE 


CONTENTS 

PAGE  PAGE 

Workers  With  the  Divining  Rod       3      Colonial    History   of    Maine 32 

Honorable  Peter  Charles  Keegan     11       Maine  Society,  S.  A.  R 35 

A   Famous   Lawsuit 15       Stephen    Longfellow    36 

Biddeford    Cemetery   Inscriptions     iq      Androscoggin    Notes    39 

Elias    Dudley    and    His    Corres-              Some  Early   Maine   Journalists..  4T 

pondence    22       vr   •         -rT-  .  t,       , 

Maine     History     as     a     Popular 

William    Hutchings    26          Study     44 

Franklin    Simmons,   the    Sculptor    27      Notes   and  Fragments 46 

The  Shepherd  Boy  of  Woolwich     30      Sayings  of  Subscribers 50 


2  SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


;£*£   v*j 


The  residence  of  the  late  Calvin  C.  Chamberlain,  of  Foxcroft, 
Maine.  The  building  has  been  moved  and  the  grounds  now  form 
a  part  of  the  estate  of  Colonel  Edward  J.  Mayo. 


Sprague's  Journal  of  Maine    History 

Vol.  Ill  MAY,  1915  No.  1 

Workers  With  the  Divining  Rod; 

Sometimes  Called  "Water 

Witches" 

By  Edgar  C.  Smith. 
(A  paper  read  before  the  Piscataquis  Historical  Society.) 

In  a  bulletin  recently  published  under  the  authority  of  the  United 
States  government,  by  the  Department  of  the  Interior,  U.  S.  Geo- 
logical Survey,  Water  Supply  Paper  255,  titled  Underground  Water 
for  Farm  Use,  on  page  15,  appears  the  following: 

USE  OF  DIVINING  ROD. 

Numerous  mechanical  devices  have  been  proposed  for  detecting  the  pres- 
ence of  underground  water,  ranging  in  complexity  from  the  simple  forked 
branch  of  the  witch-hazel,  peach,  or  other  wood  to  more  or  less  elaborate 
mechanical  and  electrical  contrivances.  Many  of  the  operators  of  these  de- 
vices, especially  those  who  use  the  home-cut  forked  branch,  are  entirely 
honest  in  the  belief  that  the  working  of  the  rod  is  influenced  by  agencies: — 
usually  regarded  as  electric  currents  following  underground  streams  of 
water — that  are  entirely  independent  of  their  own  bodies,  and  many  unedu- 
cated people  have  implicit  faith  in  their  ability  to  locate  underground  water 
in   this  way. 

The  writer  then  gives  the  results  of  his  own  experiments  with  the 
rod,  and  goes  on  to  say : 

No  movement  of  the  rod  from  causes  outside  of  the  body  could  be  detected 
and  it  soon  became  obvious  that  the  view  held  by  other  men  of  science  is 
correct — that  the  operation  of  the  'divining  rod'  is  generally  due  to  uncon- 
scious movements  of  the  body  or  the  muscles  of  the  hand.  The  experiments 
made  show  that  these  movements  happen  most  frequently  at  places  where 
the  operator's  experience  has  led  him  to  believe  that  water  may  be  found. 

The  uselessness  of  the  divining  rod  is  indicated  by  the  facts  that  it  may  be 
worked  at  will  by  the  operator,  that  he  fails  to  detect  strong  water  current 
in  tunnels  and  other  channels  that  afford  no  surface  indications  of  water, 
and  that  his  locations  in  limestone  regions  where  water  flows  in  well-defined 
channels   are   no   more    successful   than   those   dependent   on    mere   guesses. 


SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


The    only    advantage    of    employing   a    water    witch,    as    the 

operator  of  the  divining  rod  is  sometimes  called,  is  that  crudely  skilled 
services  are  thus  occasionally  obtained,  since  the  men  so  employed,  if 
endowed  with  any  natural  shrewdness,  become  through  their  experience  in 
locating  wells  better  observers  of  the  occurrence  and  movements  of  ground 
water  than  the  average  person. 

It  is  not  my  purpose  to  enter  into  a  controversy  with  the  learned 
author  of  the  foregoing,  for  I  realize  that  I  am  poorly  equipped, 
and  I  am  aware  that,  scientifically,  the  theories  and  dogmas  are 
against  me.  The  statement  simply  offers  a  good  excuse  to  present 
a  historical  sketch  of  the  use  of  the  divining  rod  in  Piscataquis 
County,  Maine,  and  of  the  men  who  have  been  locally  famous  as 
successful  operators. 

Perhaps,  before  entering  upon  the  historical  part  of  the  article, 
it  would  not  be  out  of  place  to  offer  one  suggestion  or  thought  that 
the  scientists  seem  never  to  consider  in  coming  to  their  conclusions ; 
and  that  is ;  that  some  persons  possess  a  power  or  sense  of  which 
other  persons  are  not  cognizant  of  or  do  not  possess. 

The  law  already  recognizes  the  unreliability  of  the  fixed  rules  of 
the  scientists  and  of  human  experience.  In  Post  vs.  United  States, 
135  Federal,  page  1,  the  court  say: 

Science  has  not  yet  drawn,  and  probably  never  will  draw,  a  continuous 
and  permanent  line  between  the  possible  and  impossible,  the  knowable  and 
unknowable.  Such  line  may  appear  to  be  drawn  in  one  decade,  but  it  is 
removed  in  the  next,  and  encroaches  on  what  was  the  domain  of  the  impos- 
sible and  unknowable.  Advance  in  the  use  of  electricity,  and  experiments 
in  telepathy,  hypnotism  and  clairvoyance,  warn  us  against  dogmatism.  The 
experience  of  the  judiciary,  as  shown  by  history,  should  teach  tolerance  and 
humility,  when  we  recall  that  the  bench  once  accounted  for  familiar  physi- 
cal and  mental  conditions  by  witchcraft,  and  that,  too,  at  the  expense  of 
the  lives  of  innocent  men  and  women. 

Those  who  have  studied  the  sciences  must  admit  that  there  are 
invisible  forces,  but  vaguely  understood,  which  influence  the  visible. 
The  powers  of  hypnotism  and  mental  telepathy  are  now  generally 
admitted  by  all,  yet  there  are  but  comparatively  few  who  possess 
the  ability  to  work  along  these  lines.  Those  who  have  never  wit- 
nessed the  working  of  the  divining  rod  in  the  hands  of  a  successful 
operator,  and  who  have  had  no  personal  acquaintance  with  these 
men,  have  been  altogether  too  ready  to  relegate  them  to  the  class  of 
charlatans  and  fortune-tellers. 

Any  man  of  science,  with  his  theories  and  bald  statements,  would 
make  but   little   progress  in  convincing  the  people   of   Piscataquis 


W<  )RKERS    WITH    THE    DIVINING    ROD  5 

County  that  "the  uselessness  of  the  divining  rod  is  indicated  by  the 
fact  that  it  may  be  worked  at  will  by  the  operator,"  or  that  "he 
fails  to  detect  strong  water  current  in  tunnels  and  other  channels/' 
because  their  experience  disproves  these  statements. 

One  of  the  earliest  investigators  of  the  merits  and  demerits  of 
the  claims  of  these  workers  of  the  divining  rod,  or  water  witches, 
was  Calvin  Chamberlain,  late  of  Foxcroft,  Maine,  and  to  his  writ- 
ings and  investigations  on  the  subject  the  writer  is  indebted  for  much 
information. 

Mr.  Chamberlain  was  not  an  operator  himself,  and  did  not  pro- 
fess to  understand  the  reasons  or  explain  the  cause  for  the  working 
of  the  rod,  but  accepted  the  fact.  He  was  a  man  of  broad  culture, 
having  acquired  a  liberal  education,  and  he  was  a  forceful  and  able 
writer.  He  wrote  much  for  the  press  and  agricultural  publications, 
and  was  a  pioneer  advocate  for  forest  preservation  and  conserva- 
tion, talking,  writing  and  lecturing  along  these  lines  when  that 
science  was,  in  its  infancy.  For  the  many  years  of  his  long  life  he 
was  prominent  in  the  educational  life  of  the  community,  and  an 
active  worker  in  all  things  tending  to  promote  the  interests  and 
develop  Piscataquis  County.  He  was  at  one  time  a  member  of  the 
State  Board  of  Agriculture,  and,  lacking  only  one  year,  he  was  for 
half  a  century  one  of  the  trustees  of  Foxcroft  Academy. 

The  first  operator  of  the  divining  rod  who  settled  in  Piscataquis 
county,  of  whom  there  is  any  record,  was  Royal  Day.  He  came 
from  Monson,  Mass.,  in  1820,  with  those  men  from  that  town 
who  settled  in  Monson,  Maine,  in  the  part  of  the  township  which 
is  now  Monson  village.  He  made  the  trip  with  an  ox  team,  taking 
four  weeks  for  the  journey,  being  delayed  one  week  on  the  road 
by  sickness.  He  is  described  as  a  small,  quiet  man,  possessed  of 
the  wonderful  art  of  locating  water  by  the  use  of  the  rod.  He 
became  a  deacon  of  the  first  church  organized  in  Monson  and  was 
prominent  in  the  town'  and  church  affairs  during  his  lifetime. 

Deacon  Day  in  his  later  years  became  expert  in  locating  wells 
and  was  called  to  all  sections  of  his  county,  and  made  several  trips 
to  his  native  state  of  Massachusetts  in  the  exercise  of  his  art  or 
gift.  He  was  one  of  the  few  who  could  not  only  locate  the  vein, 
but  he  would  tell  at  what  depth  water  would  be  found. 

In  1883,  in  speaking  of  Deacon  Day  and  his  work  and  also  of 
other  rod  operators,  Mr.  Chamberlain  said : 

It  is  my  belief  that  not  a  man  can  here  be  found,  of  ordinary  intelligence 
and  common  prudence,  who  would  venture  on  a  well  in  a  hard  place  withou*- 


SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE  HISTORY 


a 'resort  to  the  water-rod.     And  I  can  further  say,  that  not  a  case  of  disap- 
pointment or  failure  following  its  use  has  yet  come  to  my  knowledge. 

This  statement  from  a  man  of  education  and  prominence,  and 
after  a  careful  investigation  of  the  subject  covering  a  period  of  over 
thirty  years. 

Deacon  Day  died  in  Monson,  Maine,  April  26,  1874,  at  the  age  of 
seventy-six  years  and  six  months. 

Another  prominent  "water  witch"  who  operated  in  Piscataquis 
county  about  the  middle  of  the  last  century,  was  Elder  William  F. 
Gallison.  He  was  a  Free  Will  Baptist  clergyman,  ordained  in  1840, 
and  located  in  Foxcroft  at  about  that  time.  He  was  a  missionary  or 
itinerant  preacher  and  served  many  of  the  churches  in  this  vicinity. 
He,  too,  was  able  to  fix  the  depth  at  which  water  would  be  found 
very  accurately. 

One  of  the  notable  examples  of  his  work  is  the  well  located  on 
the  premises  now  adorned  by  the  magnificent  residence  of  Col. 
Edward  J.  Mayo,  of  Foxcroft.  This  well  was  located  in  185 1. 
Elder  Gallison  went  with  his  rod,  and  after  going  carefully  over  the 
land,  indicated  the  spot  where  he  told  the  workmen  to  dig,  telling 
them  that  an  abundant  vein  of  water  would  be  found  at  a  depth  of 
between  25  and  30  feet.  A  vein  of  water  was  struck  at  26  feet,  the 
last  thirteen  of  which  was  blasted  in  the  solid  ledge.  The  well  has 
never  failed. 

The  services  of  Elder  Gallison  were  in  much  demand  and  many 
wells  were  located  by  him  during  his  lifetime.  He  was  elected 
Register  of  Probate  in  1856,  and  assumed  the  duties  of  the  office 
January  1,  1857. 

He  died  at  his  residence  on  North  street,  Foxcroft,  March  9,  1858, 
aged  59  years.  His  remains  rest  in  the  Dover  village  cemetery  and 
a  neat  tablet,  erected  by  the  Sebec  Quarterly  Meeting,  marks  his  last 
resting  place. 

To  the  present  generation,  the  best  known  worker  with  the  divin- 
ing rod,  was  Seth  Brawn  of  Foxcroft.  He  was  noted  the  length 
and  breadth  of  Piscataquis  County,  and  a  list  of  wells  successfully 
located  by  him  would  number  into  the  hundreds.  He  was  born  in 
Foxcroft,  January  30,  1824,  the  son  of  Reuben  and  Betsey  (Weston) 
Brawn,  and  was  the  grandson  of  Peter  Brawn,  who  settled  in  Dover 
in  1805,  and  who  was  the  founder  of  the  numerous  family  of  that 
name  residing  in  Piscataquis  County. 

Seth  Brawn  was  about  21  years  of  age  when  he  discovered  that 
he  was  possessed  of  the  ability  to  use  the  divining  rod.     It  was  by 


WORKERS    WITH    THE    DIVINING    ROD  7 

accident.  Royal  Day  was  employed  by  his  father  to  locate  a  well 
on  the  home  place  and  Seth  was  an  interested  spectator.  He  asked 
permission  to  take  the  forked  stick  of  the  "water  witch"  in  his  own 
hands  to  see  if  there  would  be  any  evidence  of  attraction  through 
him.  To  his  astonishment  the  twig  turned  with  even  more  force  in 
his  hands  than  when  held  by  the  professional  worker.  Thereafter- 
wards  he  experimented  for  himself,  more  from  curiosity  and  fas- 
cination than  for  any  other  reason,  yet  always  obtaining  results.  It 
was  some  years  after  that  he  commenced  to  locate  wells  and  water 
veins  as  a  profession 

I  will  cite  a  few  notable  instances  of  Mr.  Brawn's  work :  In  the 
autumn  of  1880  the  stream  from  which  water  was  taken  to  supply 
the  boilers  of  the  spool  factory  in  Foxcroft  ran  dry.  Depending 
wholly  upon  steam  power,  and  the  water  from  the  small  brook 
near  the  works  as  a  source  of  supply,  the  works  must  shut  down 
unless  water  was  obtained  at  once.  For  a  number  of  days  teams 
were  put  on  and  water  hauled  from  the  river,  half  a  mile  distant. 
In  their  extremity  the  owners  of  the  mill  called  upon  Mr.  Brawn  to 
help  them. 

The  lot  upon  which  the  factory  is  located  is  but  sparsely  cov- 
ered with  soil,  and  on  much  of  it  the  ledges  are  entirely  exposed. 
It  certainly  was  not  a  place  where  hit-or-miss  prospecting  wrould  be 
practical  or  profitable.  Mr.  Brawn  went  over  the  extensive  lot  and 
traced  three  veins  of  water,  all  of  which  converged  to  a  point  about 
forty  yards  distant  from  the  boiler  house.  He  described  the  situa- 
tion in  detail,  gave  the  comparative  size  of  the  veins,  and  gave  the 
depth  and  character  of  the  excavation.  The  well  was  completed 
in  a  brief  space  of  time  and  his  remarkable  estimates  proved  cor- 
rect in  every  particular. 

The  well,  but  twelve  feet  deep,  did  not  exhaust  in  feeding  the 
boilers  which  used  one  hundred  gallons  an  hour. 

The  organ  factory  on  the  same  stream  below,  (now  the  factories 
of  Hughes  &  Son,  the  piano  manufacturers)  was  in  the  same  pre- 
dicament. Here  Mr.  Brawn  located  a  well  in  the  gravel,  and  it  was 
so  near  the  surface  that  it  only  required  the  labor  of  two  men  with 
pick  and  shovel  for  an  hour  to  strike  an  abundant  supply.  This  was 
after  prospecting  and  digging  had  been  done  in  the  bed  of  the  brook 
without  result.  The  water  found  by  Mr.  Brawn  furnished  an  abund- 
ant supply  for  the  factory,  from  a  well  only  ten  feet  deep,  the  bottom 
of  which  was  higher  than  the  bed  of  the  stream  and  distant  only 
about  sixty  feet  from  it. 
3 


SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


The  same  year,  1880,  the  Piscataquis  Valley  Campmeeting  Asso- 
ciation located  their  grounds  in  Foxcroft,  erected  their  tabernacle, 
and  several  cottages  were  built.  A  fine  spring  of  water  was  found 
upon  the  grounds,  stiuated  in  the  northwest  corner,  issuing  from 
the  face  of  the  bedrock.  The  stables  were  erected  in  the  southwest 
corner  of  the  lot,  next  the  highway,  over  an  eighth  of  a  mile  from 
the  spring.  It  was  desirable  to  have  a  well  near  the  stables  for  con- 
venience, the  water  supply  being  at  such  a  distance,  as  well  as  a 
sanitary  precaution  to  avoid  bringing  horses  to  the  spring. 

The  services  of  Mr.  Brawn  were  enlisted.  He  located  a  vein  of 
water  near  the  stables,  and  as  was  his,  custom,  followed  the  course 
of  it  to  ascertain  its  location  with  reference  to  the  whole  lot.  He 
told  the  campground  people  that  the  vein  which  he  had  located  for 
the  stable  well  was  the  same,  and  the  only  one,  which  fed  the  spring 
in  the  farther  corner  of  the  grounds.  That  he  was  correct  was  proven  ; 
for  in  blasting  for  the  well  water  came  into  the  sink  and  was  fouled 
with  dirt  and  powder,  and  during  the  time  while  the  work  was 
going  on,  the  water  in  the  spring,  over  an  eighth  of  a  mile  away, 
became  muddy  and  continued  so  until  the  work  on  the  well  was  com- 
pleted. 

Out  of  the  numerous  well  authenticated  cases  of  Mr.  Brawn's 
work,  I  will  select  one  more  example. 

A  farmer  living  on  one  of  the  rocky  hills  overlooking  Foxcroft 
village  desired  a  well.  As  the  prospect  for  a  successful  location 
was  dubious,  Seth  Brawn  was  called  to  locate  a  water  vein.  He 
came,  and  went  over  the  ground  with  his  divining  rod,  and  made  a 
location  where,  he  told  the  farmer,  he  would  find  water  at  a  certain 
depth. 

When  work  was  commenced  on  the  well,  the  farmer,  instead  of 
digging  at  the  exact  spot  indicated  by  Mr.  Brawn,  sank  the  shaft 
about  six  feet  to  one  side.  After  expending  a  large  amount  of  hard 
labor  and  using  quantities  of  powder  in  blasting  through  the  solid 
ledge,  and  going  to  a  depth  of  seven  feet  below  that  stated  by  Mr. 
Brawn  at  which  water  would  be  found,  and  not  finding  a  trace  of 
water,  he  sent  for  the  man  of  the  rod  and  indignantly  demanded 
satisfaction  for  his  fruitless  labor  and  expense. 

After  examining  the  work,  Mr.  Brawn  said,  "You  have  not  sunk 
your  well  at  the  spot  where  I  told  you  to."  The  farmer  replied, 
"1  have  only  moved  over  the  bigness  of  the  well,  as  it  was  more 
convenient  for  me  in  this  place."  Mr.  Brawn  directed  that  a  hole 
be  drilled  in  the  wall  of  the  shaft,  about  seven  feet  from  the  bottom. 


WORKERS    WITH    THE    DIVINING    ROD  9 

in  the  direction  of  the  spot  first  indicated  by  him  for  the  excavation. 
A  small  charge  of  powder  was  exploded  and  a  copious  supply  of 
water  came  in ;  the  shaft  was  filled  and  the  well  was  a  success. 

I  might  go  on  indefinitely  giving  instances  of  the  work  of  the 
operators  of  the  rod,  but  I  have  cited  these  well  authenticated  cases 
of  their  work  in  this  locality,  which  seem  to  raise  somewhat  of  a 
question  as  to  the  correctness  of  the  statement  of  the  eminent  gov- 
ernment scientist  when  he  makes  the  declaration  that  these  operators 
fail  to  find  water  when  there  are  no  surface  indications. 

But  I  am  aside  from  my  subject.  As  stated  in  the  beginning,  it  is 
not  my  purpose  to  enter  into  a  controversy  ;  1  am  writing  history. 

Mr.  Brawn  continued  in  his  work  of  locating  wells  during  all  his 
long  lifetime,  and  I  have  yet  to  hear  of  a  report  of  failure.  He  died 
at  Foxcroft,  Maine,  February  15,  1906,  over  82  years  of  age,  retain- 
ing his  faculties  and  power  to  the  last. 

Seth  Brawn  married  Mary  Jeanette  Chandler,  daughter  of  Allen 
and  Olive  (Buck)  Chandler,  October  16,  1852,  and  of  this  union 
there  were  four  children :  Frank  H. ;  Clara  A.,  married  Arthur 
Towne  of  Dover;  Susan  J.,  married  Albert  Boss  of  Foxcroft,  and 
Hiram  A.  None  of  the  children  were  possessed  of  the  gift  with 
which  he  was  so  largely  endowed,  except  Mrs.  Towne.  The  divining 
rod  will  turn  in  her  hands  when  over  water,  but  she  has  never  used 
her  powers  to  any  practical  purpose. 

A  grandson,  Stanley  Boss  of  Foxcroft,  is  possessed  of  the  gift 
to  a  remarkable  degree.  He  is  now  21  years  of  age  and  ever  since 
he  was  a  child  of  eight  or  ten  years  he  has  been  using  the  divining 
rod  and  obtaining  results.  The  rod  now  works  very  strongly  in  his 
handsi,  and  by  grasping  the  stick  firmly  and  attempting  to  keep  it 
from  turning,  when  over  a  water  vein,  it  will  turn  in  spite  of  his 
efforts  to  control  it,  even  to  the  twisting  of  the  bark  from  the  wood. 

But  it  is  not  necessary  to  go  to  the  records  of  those  who  are  gone 
to  find  workers  of  the  rod.  There  are  those  yet  living  within  our 
borders  who  are  possessed  of  the  gift.  In  nearly  every  town  in  our 
county  are  living  those  in  whose  hands,  the  forked  limb  will  turn 
when  over  a  water  vein.  Among  those  are  found  men  and  women 
of  the  highest  standing  in  their  respective  communities,  and  as  a 
unit  they  will  tell  you  that  the  claim,  that  the  working  of  the  rod  is 
due  to  "unconscious  movements"  of  the  body  or  muscles  of  the 
operator,  is  entirely  erroneous  ;  that  in  fact,  their  endeavors  to  pre- 
vent the  rod  from  turning  are  overcome  against  their  wills,  and 
against  their  greatest  physical  efforts  to  prevent  it. 


io        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL   OF   MAINE  HISTORY 

One  of  the  best  known  and  most  highly  respected  divining  rod 
operators  now  living  in  Piscataquis  County  is  Edwin  R.  Haynes,  of 
Monson.  Mr.  Haynes  was  born  in  Canaan,  N.  H.,  July  30,  1836, 
and  came  to  Monson  with  his  parents  in  1842.  During  hisi  life  resi- 
dence in  Monson  he  has  been  closely  identified  with  the  business, 
social  and  political  activities  of  the  town.  He  was  a  charter  mem- 
ber of  Doric  Lodge,  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  was  its  secretary  for  fifteen 
years  or  more.  He  was  commissioned  postmaster  December  12, 
1864,  and  held  the  office  for  nearly  twenty-one  years.  He  was  at 
one  time  one  of  the  principal  merchants  of  the  place  and  has  held 
various  town  offices. 

Mr.  Haynes  modestly  professes  not  to  be  "an  expert  with  the 
rod,"  but  his  work  has  extended  over  a  long  period  of  years.  In  a 
letter  to  the  writer  he  says:  "I  have  located  many  veins  of  water 
for  people  and  have  never  failed  to  find  water,  and  have  been  very 
accurate  in  estimating  the  depth  to  be  excavated.  I  have  held  the 
rod  so  firm  in  my  hands  that  the  bark  would  twist  from  the  wood. 
I  am  a  strong  believer  in  the  rod ;  experience  is  better  than  guess- 
work." 

As  a  closing  word,  I  will  quote  from  an  article  by  Calvin  Cham- 
berlain, written  thirty  years  ago: 

"I  only  desire  to  add  that  we  claim  to  have  here  ....  all 
the  necessary  applicances  to  cure  the  most  inveterate  cases  of  unbe- 
lief in  the  water-rod,  and  will  engage  to  receive  patients  sent  from 
a  distance,  treat  them  free  of  cost,  and  return  them  restored  and  in 
their  right  mind." 


"Instructed  by  the  antiquary  times, 
He  must,  he  is,  he  cannot  but  be  wise." 

Shakespeare. 


The  Bar  Harbor  Times  recently  published  an  illustrated  article 
describing  the  old  Rodick  House  which  was  once  the  largest  and 
most  popular  hotel  in  that  town.  It  was  built  in  1882  by  David 
Rodrick  &  Sons,  hut  is  now  non-existant  and  its  spacious  grounds 
now  form  the  heart  of  the  business  section  of  the  village.  For 
several  years  Fountain  Rodick  and  his  brother  S.  H.  Rodick  were 
the  managers  and  then,  before  the  advent  of  the  palatial  cottages 
of  today,  it  was  the  rendezvous  of  the  summer  colony  there.  It 
had  400  sleeping  rooms  and  700  people  could  be  seated  in  the  dining 
room. 


HON.   PETER  CHARLES  KEEGAN  n 

Honorable  Peter  Charles  Keegan 

For  more  than  a  half  century,  or  from  the  Treaty  of  Peace 
between  the  United  States  and  Great  Britain  (1783)  and  the  Web- 
ster-Ashburton  treaty  (1842),  a  controversy  raged  between  these 
governments  regarding-  the  Northeastern  boundary  of  the  State  of 
Maine.     Itst  storm  centre  was  the  Madawaska  settlement. 

One  of  the  incidents  of  this  disagreement  was  the  arrest  of  one 
Ebenezer  Greeley  of  Dover,  Maine,  on  June  6,  1837,  who  was  in 
that  region  as  a  census  taker  having  been  appointed  to  this  task  by 
Robert  P.  Dunlap,  Governor  of  Maine.  This  arrest  was  made  by 
two  officers,  Colonel  Maclauchlan  a  warden  of  the  then  disputed 
territory  and   James   Keegan   a  constable. 

Mr.  Keegan  was,  in  that  period  prominent  in  local  affairs  there 
and  was  the  father  of  Peter  Charles  Keegan  of  Van  Buren,  one  of 
Maine's  famous  men  of  today.  His  ability  as  a  lawyer,  publicist, 
and  political  leader,  his  long  service  in  the  Maine  Legislature  and 
his  numerous  and  varied  activities  generally  are  well  known  to  Maine 
people. 

It  is  the  purpose  of  the  Journal  to  occasionally  make  record  of 
some  of  the  Maine  men  and  women  who  are  "making  footprints  on 
the  sands  of  time"  today  as  well  as  such  of  the  days  past  and  gone. 
Mr.  Keegan  is  one  of  those  that  we  desire  to  thus  mention. 

Mr.  Clinton  Vannah  recently  writing  of  Mr.  Keegan  in  the 
National  Magazine,  and  characterizing  him  as  "The  Sage  of  the 
Saint  John  Valley,"  says  : 

Peter  Charles  Keegan !  The  name  is  a  slogan  whose  sharp- 
cornered  syllables  explode  with  the  barking  staccato  of  a  machine 
gun.  Withal  there  is  a  note  of  old-fashioned  honesty  in  it,  a  breath 
of  free  air  and  open  places,.  You  feel  instinctively  that  here  is  a 
man  worth  tying  to. 

If  one  may  confess  to  a  just  feeling  of  resentment  toward  him 
who  fails  to  measure  up  to  the  possibilities  of  his  name,  there  is  no 
small  degree  of  satisfaction,  than,  in  knowing  that  this  name,  the 
name  with  a  punch,  is  not  a  misfit.  The  sturdy  figure  of  he  man 
with  head  set  solidly  upon  a  pair  of  heavy  shoulders,  a  square  jaw 
beneath  the  overhang  of  mustache,  the  fire  in  the  deep-set  black 
eyes  tell  of  things  done  and  well  done 

He  set  himself  the  task  of  getting  an  education  under  difficulties 
which  would  make  most  of  the  boys  of  today  lie  down  on  the  job. 


12        SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE  HISTORY 


Honoralble   Peter   Charles   Kecsran. 


HON.  PETER  CHARLES  KEEGAN        13 

Though  not  yet  past  the  prime  of  mature  manhood,  his  life  measures 
almost  the  full  span  of  civilization  in  northern  Aroostook.  His 
parents  were  pioneers  in  the  new  country.  Schools  there  were  none, 
except  such  as  were  maintained  by  the  few  scattered  people  of  a 
community  uniting  to  hire  a  teacher,  the  term  running  as  long  as 
the  money  held  out. 

To  such  a  school  came  the  boy  at  the  age  of  four.  His  teacher 
was  the  typical  schoolmaster  of  fifty  years  ago,  with  blue  coat,  brass 
buttons,  stock  and  beaver  hat.  He  ruled  his  flock  with  the  hand  of 
a  tyrant,  and  if  to  "spare  the  rod"  isi  to  "spoil  the  child,"  there 
surely  were  no  spoiled  children  within  reach  of  his  birch!  But  he 
knew  the  three  "R's,"  and  there  is  not  a  doubt  that  his  scholars 
learned  them,  too. 

When  he  was  nine  year-  old  the  only  school  within  reach  of  the 
Keegan  home  was  across  the  St.  John  River  in  New  Brunswick. 
There  were  no  ferries-  in  those  days,  and  he  tramped  to  the  river 
with  his  dinner  pail  in  the  morning,  paddled  across  in  a  dugout  and 
walked  two  miles  to  the  schoolhouse,  returning  the  same  way  at 
night.  Three  years  later  the  nearest  school  was  three  and  a  half 
miles  away,  and  he  walked  the  distance  twice  a  day. 

The  age  of  fifteen  found  him  in  the  University  of  New  Bruns- 
wick, winning  second  highest  place  in  his  entrance  examination.  He 
was  graduated  with  honor  in  a  class  which  had  among  its  members 
a  number  of  men  who  have  since  become  eminent  in  Canadian  gov- 
ernment affairs. 

College  was  followed  by  a  period  of  law  study,  then  admission 
to  the  bar,  and  the  young  lawyer  settled  in  his  native  town  to  become 
in  a  vital  way  a  part  of  its  life  and  progress.  He  saw  that  there  were 
certain  things  needed  for  the  development  of  the  valley  which  must 
be  obtained  through  the  state  government.  Very  well,  he  would 
go  to  the  legislature.  They  told  him  he  was  foolish.  How  could 
he  expect  to  win  on  the  Democratic  ticket  when  Democrats  were  as 
scarce  in  Aroostook  as  hen's  eggs  in  January  ?  They  didn't  know 
Peter  Charles  Keegan.  His  hard  early  training  had  given  him  the 
habit  of  success.  When  he  jumped  into  the  ring,  the  campaign 
opened  with  a  bang.  He  had  the  votes  on  election  day,  but  a  hostile 
election  board  decided  against  him.  Keegan  decided  the  other  way, 
and  when  the  legislature  met  in  Augusta  that  winter  he  was  right 
there  under  the  big  dome  of  the  state  house,  with  fight  written  all 
over  him,  from  the  sanguinary  red  of  his  flowing  tie  to  his  square- 


14        SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE  HISTORY 


toed,  stubborn-looking  boots.  An  effort  to  decide  the  contest  on 
party  lines  was  squelched,  and  Keegan  was  seated. 

Another  old-fashioned  habit  of  his,  formed  in  the  stress  and  grind 
of  early  struggle,  is  that  of  work.  He  lives  on  a  big  farm,  a  hun- 
dred acres  of  which  is  a  part  of  the  home  place  where  he  was  born. 
The  comfortable  farmstead  crowns  one  of  the  rolling  hills  which 
swell  upward  from  the  river,  where  from  the  pine-shadowed 
veranda  a  superb  view  of  the  beautiful  St.  John  valley  opens  north- 
ward. His  neighbors  say  that  his  alarm  clock  is  the  big  rooster  in 
the  hen  house,  and  his  quitting  time  anywhere  from  midnight  to 
morning,  according  to  when  the  last  task  of  the  day  is  finished. 
He  works  at  politics  as  skillfully  and  successfully  as  he  practises 
law,  and  farms  for  recreation,  making  good  at  all  three  by  keeping 
everlastingly  at  it. 

I  saw  him  once  on  the  train  coming  down  from  Fort  Kent  on  a 
broiling  August  morning  in  1912.  He  appeared  to  know  every- 
body, swapped  stories  with  the  drummers  in  the  smoker,  came  out 
scathlesis  from  an  encounter  of  wits  with  a  brother  lawyer,  chatted 
in  soft  patois  with  the  Acadians  of  the  valley  who  swarmed  in  the 
car,  all  the  while  radiating  good  humor  and  driving  away  thoughts 
.of  the  stifling  heat  with  an  infectious  laugh.  It  is  said  of  him  that 
he  knows  most  of  the  children  of  the  valley  by  name,  a  stupendous 
accomplishment  surely,  when  one  thinks  of  the  bewildering  size  of 
the  families  in  that  land,  where  race  suicide  is  unknown  and  where 
one  may  easily  lose  tab  on  the  little  Jeans  and  Felices  in  a  single 
home  after  counting  up  to  twelve. 

Later  in  the  day  I  met  him  in  his  office,  where  he  gave  two  hours 
from  the  middle  of  a  busy  day  to  help  a  stranger  with  a  matter  in 
which  he  had  no  special  interest.  I  came  away  with  a  deep  under- 
standing of  his  genius  for  attracting  and  holding  men. 

In  1909  he  was  appointed  a  member  on  behalf  of  the  United  States 
of  the  International  Commission  pertaining  to  the  St.  John  River, 
rendering  with  distinguished  honor  an  important  service  to  the 
state  and.  nation. 


The  forty-eighth  report  of  the  Peabody  Museum  of  American 
Archaeology  and  Ethnology  of  Harvard  University  1913-1914,  has 
(been  received  'by  the  Journal  from  Mr.  Samuel  J.  Guernsey  for- 
merly of  Dover,  Maine,  who  is  its  Assistant  Curator  of  Archae- 
ology  and    Ethnology. 


A   FAMOUS   LAWSUIT  15 


A  Famous  Lawsuit 

Relating  to  Bath  and  the  Kennebec  River. 
(Wayfarer's  Notes) 

Editor's  Note :  The  late  Honorable  Joseph  W.  Porter  of  Bangor,  from 
1885  to  1893,  published  "The  Bangor  Historical  Magazine,"  and  after  its 
discontinuance  and  for  a  few  years  prior  to  his  decease,  he  contributed  to 
the  Bangor  Commercial  a  series  of  exceedingly  valuable  papers  relating  to 
the  early  history  of  eastern  Maine. 

These  were  all  written  by  Mr.  Porter  and  published  under  the  nom  dc 
plume  of  "Wayfarer"  and  known  as  "Wayfarer's  Notes." 

Like  all  of  his  historical  research  these  papers  are  of  inestimable  value 
for  their  accuracy  and  the  care  with  which  they  were  prepared. 

The  early  land  grants  or  patents  in  Maine  were  made  by  the 
Crown  and  by  the  Indians  without  much  regard  to  each  other  or  to 
location  or  to  boundaries. 

The  Plymouth  Patent. 

This  patent,  the  most  ancient  and  long  lived,  was  made  by  the 
"Council  of  Plymouth,  England,"  who  were  grantees  of  the  crown 
in  1620,  to  William  Bradford,  and  others  of  New  Plymouth  in 
New    England.    January    13,    1629: 

Foreasmuch  as  they  (the  Pilgrims)  had  no  convenient  Place  either  for 
trading  or  fishing  within  their  own  Precincts. 

The  grant  was  of  "all  of  that  part  of  New  England  in  America 
which  lieth  within  or  between  and  extendeth  itself  between  the 
utmost  limits,  of  Cobbisecontee  which  adjoineth  to  the  river  Kenne- 
bec, towards  the  western  ocean  and  a  place  called  the  Falls  at 
Neguamkike  in  America  aforesaid  and  the  space  of  15  miles  east 
side  of  the  river  commonly  called  the  Kennebec  that  lies  within  its 
limits."  It  may  never  be  known  where  these  Falls  were,  but  the 
Patent  was  a  broad  one. 

In  1640  Bradford  and  others  sold  out  to  Plymouth  colony,  which 
built  forts  and  trading  houses  and  carried  on  a  large  business  at 
Kennebec.  The  colony  claimed  all  the  territory  from  Casco  bay  to 
Femaquid  and  from  the  ocean  to  Caritunk  Falls,  and  established 
courts  and  a  "body  of  laws"  for  its  protection.  Minor  offenses  and 
small  civil  suits  were  tried  at  Kennebec,  while  trials  for  higher 
crimes  and  causes  appealed  were  tried  by  the  general  court  at  Ply- 


16        SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE    HISTORY 

mouth.    For  over  20  years  they  exercised  jurisdiction  over  the  larger 
part  of  the  territory  claimed  by  them. 

The  northerly  line  of  the  patent  was  shadowy  and  to  pr<  tect 
the  colony  and  improve  the  title,  more  Indian  titles  were  obtained 
in    1648  and    1653. 

The  colony  of  Massachusetts  Cay  was  constantly  encroaching  in 
the  western  part  of  the  Province  of  Maine,  and  by  judicious 
manipulation  obtained  the  consent  of  a  majority  of  the  inhabitants 
of  the  Province  to  annex  it  to  Massachusetts. 

October  27,  1661,  Plymouth  colony  sold  out  its  interest  in  the 
patent  for  $2,000  to  some  Boston  men,  viz  :  Antipas  Boies,  Edward 
Tyng,  Thomas  Brattle  and  John  Wins-low. 

The  colony  of  Massachusetts  Bay  wa>  growing  strong,  Plymouth 
colony  was  growing  weak  and  it  virtually  surrendered. 

From  1661  to  1751  very  little  is  known  of  the  Patent;  but  few  of 
the  heirs  of  the  grantees  of  1661  had  any  share  in  it.  The  land 
speculators  had  got  hold  of  it.  They  built  forts  at  Richmond,  now 
Bowdoinham,  and  at  Frankfort,^)  now  Dresden,  in  1751. 

In  June  the  owners  were  incorporated  under  the  name  of  the 
"Proprietors  of  the  Kennebec  Purchase."  The  modern  way  of  pro- 
moting is  not  new. 

In  the  meantime,  by  the  reduction  of  the  French  in  Canada  by  the 
English  in  1759.  the  property  of  the  company  was  much  increased 
in  value  and  fabulous  estimates  were  put  upon  it. 

Many  other  claimants  had  arisen,  whose  claims  had  overlapped 
the  Kennebec  proprietors,  and  the  company  determined  to  compel 
them  to  settle  or  recognize  it.  Dr.  Sylvester  Gardiner  of  Boston, 
was  a  large  proprietor  and  a  man  of  great  energy  and  determina- 
tion, and  by  direction  of  the  company  he  undertook  the  job.  Long, 
tedious  and  expensive  litigation  ensued,  the  results  of  which  will  be 
shown. 

The  Clark  &  Lake  Claim 

Was  derived  from  Indian  chiefs,  who  in  [649,  deeded  lands  to 
Christopher  Lawsen  ;  he  sold  out  to  Clark  &  Lake  in  1653.  These 
lands  were  east  of  Kennebec  river.  In  the  lapse  of  time  this  claim 
passed  into  the  hands  of  land  speculators.  The  Kennebec  company 
compromised  with  the  owners  of  this  claim  in  1758,  by  an  agreement 
that:     "The  north  line  of  the  present  town  of  Woolwich  should  be 


i  Old  Pownalborough,  which  included  Dresden.  Wiscasset  and  Alna, 
as  they  are  now  bounded,  was  the  ancient  plantati  n  1  t  Frankfort. — William- 
son's   History  of  Maine,  Vol.  I.  p    51. 


A   FAMOUS   LAWSUIT  17 


the  south   line  of  the  Plymouth  patent  and  the  north  line  of  the 
Clark  &  Lake  claim." 

The  Wiscasset  Claim. 

In  1663  the  Indians  sold  George  Davie,  a  settler  at  Wiscasset 
point,  a  large  tract  of  land  west  of  the  Sheepscot  river  which 
included  the  present  town  of  Wiscasset,  and  another  tract  east  of 
Sheepscot.  In  1734  certain  wealthy  and  influential  Boston  gentle- 
men had  come  into  possession  of  these  lands  and  formed  a  company 
called  the  Wiscasset  company.  The  Kennebec  company  compro- 
mised with  them  in  1.762  by  fixing  the  boundary  line  at : 

"Half  way  between  the  Sheepscot  and  Kennebec  rivers  from 
Mons,weag  Bay  to  the  Upper  Narrows  in  Sheepscot  river." 

The  Pejepscot  Purchase. 

The  Plymouth  England  Company  is  said  to  have  granted  a  patent 
to  Thomas  Purchase  and  George  Way,  June  16,  1632,  of : 

"All  lands  lying  on  both  sides  of  the  Pejepscot  river  on  the  eastern 
end  of  the  Androscoggin  river  on  Kennebec  river  and  Casco  Bay." 

This  patent  was  never  recorded  and  is,  said  to  have  been  lost ;  the 
evidence  of  its  existence  was  by  frequent  references  to  it  in  ancient 
deeds.  This  patent  covered  a  part  of  the  Plymouth  patent,  and  while 
its  existence  may  have  been  doubtful,  it  served  for  a  foundation. 

July  4,  1683,  John  Shapleigh  as  agent  for  certain  heirs  and  claim- 
ants, sold  one-half  to  Richard  Wharton  of  Boston.  July  7,  1684, 
Wharton  mended  his  titles  by  the  purchase  of  lands  of  Worumbo 
and  other  Indians.  He  died  in  London  in  1690,  insolvent.  Ephraim 
Savage    was    appointed    administrator    December    30,    1693. 

Savage  sold  Wdiarton's  interest  in  the  purchase  Xoveimber  5,  1714, 
to  Adam  Winthrop,  Thomas  Hutchinson,  John  Watts,  Stephen 
Minot,  Oliver  Xoyes,  David  Jeffries  and  John  Ruck  of  Boston,  and 
John  Wentworth  of  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  for  £700.  They  bought  up 
other  claims.  By  judicious  management  they  obtained  a  confirma- 
tion of  their  title  from  the  general  court  May  27,  171 5.  They  made 
some  claim  to  the  town  of  Bath  as  against  the  Kenndbec  proprietors. 
The  conflict  between  these  two  companies  was  long  and  tedious.  A. 
compromise  was  effected  Feb.  20,  1758,  which  was  not  final; 
another  settlement  was  made  May  29  and  June  11,  1766  (in  the 
shadow  of  this  great  trial)   when,  among  other  things,  the  Pejep- 


18        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 

scot  company  released  all  their  claim  to  lands  between  the  "New 
Meadows  and  Kennebec  river"  to  the  Kennebec  company.  This 
included  Bath.  The  Pejepscot  proprietors  had  left  to  them  the 
present  towns  of  Danville,  Lewiston,  Greene,  a  part  of  the  town 
of  Lislbon,  Leeds,  Poland  and  Minot,  and  the  towns  of  Durham, 
Bowdoin.  Topsham,  Brunswick  and  Harpswell.  The  Kennebec 
company  had  the  territory  to  the  northward.  Having  now  com- 
promised or  settled  with  all  the  other  claimants,  the  Kennebec  com- 
pany turned  its  attention  to  the  poor  settlers  at  Bath  who  seemed  to 
have  no  rich  or  influential  friends.  No  attempts  to  compromise 
are  seen. 

(To  be  Continued) 


As  the  bee  makes  its  first  perfect  cell  at  the  first  attempt,  and  as 
the  beaver  is  a  skillful  and  accomplished  engineer  from  its  baby- 
hood, so  the  Indian,  a  child  of  nature  as  much  as  the  bee  or  the 
beaver,  without  training  or  trainer,  fashioned  when  a  youth  with 
his  flint  knife  and  bone  awl  the  ideal  boat  for  the  treacherous  inland 
waters  for  the  rapids  and  the  falls. 

He  made  his  canoe  from  the  bark  of  his  graceful  white  birch 
trees,  and  the  white  man  has  copied  its  model  for  more  than  three 
centuries  without  being  able  to  improve  upon  the  plan  of  its  general 
construction. 


"Scientific  Proof  and  Legal  Proof"  is  the  title  of  an  able  and 
exhaustive  treatise  on  the  law  of  evidence  by  Mark  A.  Barwise, 
L.  L.  M.,  and  member  of  the  Maine  State  and  Penobscot  bars  which 
appears  in  the  December  (1914)  and  January  (191 5)  issues  of  the 
Maine  Law  Review.  It  is  a  valuable  addition  to  the  legal  literature 
of  Maine  and  is  worthy  of  any  lawyer's  profound  attention. 


Henry  Parker,  a  subscriber  to  the  Journal  and  a  well  known  com- 
mercial traveler  and  business  man  of  Bangor,  Maine,  was  born  in 
Brewer,  Maine,  September  17,  1843,  and  died  in  Bangor,  March 
13,  191 5.  He  was  a  member  of  the  G.  A.  R.,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  A  .O. 
U.  W.  and  the  Madocawando  Club  of  his  city.  He  was  an  energetic 
and  successful  business  man  and  beloved  and  respected  by  a  large 
circle  of  friends  in  Eastern  Maine. 


BIDDEFORD    CEMETERY    INSCRIPTIONS  19 

Biddeford,  Maine,  Cemetery 
Inscriptions 

Copied  and  Contributed  by  James  I.  Wyer,  Jr.,  of  Albany,  New 

York. 

All  the  following  are  copied  from  stones  in  a  private  cemetery 
in  the  center  of  Fletcher's  Neck,  (Biddeford  Pool)  Me.  In  1914 
this  cemetery  stood  midway  between  Sea  View  Inn  and  Ocean  View 
Hotel.  It  was  no  longer  used  for  current  interments  and  was  over- 
grown and  pretty  much  neglected. 

Did  a  mi  a  Bond  d.  Dec.  16,  1855  ae.  75. 

Henry  Bruell  d.  Oct.  22,  1871  ae  75  yrs.   1  mo. 

Susan  wife  of  Henry  Bruell  d.  Feb.  7,  1867  ae  59  yrs.  10  mos.  &  15  ds. 

Phebe  wife  of  Henry  Bruell  b.  Mar.  18,  1798  d.  Mar.  18,  1874. 

Ellen  Evans  wife  of  Horace  Bryant  Aug.  31,  1828  Dec.  1,  1896. 

Our  baby  Daniel  E.     Son  of  D.  &  E.  Davis  d.  Oct.  19,  1889  ae  2  mos. 

Hannah  wife  of  Jotham  Davis  d.  May  13,  1834  ae  55- 

Grace  L.  dau.  of  Jotham  &  Adelaide  Davis  Jr.  died  Oct.  17,  1869  ae  6  mos. 
25ds. 

Nathaniel  Davis  d.  Jan.  12,  1887  ae  76  yrs.  6  mos. 

Our  mother  Hannah  C.  wife  of  Nathaniel  Davis  d.  Oct.  3,  1869  ae  57  yrs. 

Elizabeth  T.  dau.  of  Nathaniel  &  Hannah  C.  Davis  d.  May  30,  1842  ae  10 
mos. 

Henry  B.  son  of  Nathaniel  &  Hannah  C.  Davis  d.  Apr.  12,  1861  ae  22  yrs. 
1  mo.  &  21   ds. 

Selena  J.  wife  of  Daniel  A.  H.  Davis  d.  Nov.  14,  1877  ae  22  yrs.  5  mos.  & 
25  ds. 

Alice  wife  of  Lyman  Evans  d.  Nov.  25,  1837  ae  63. 

George  L.  Evans  d.  Aug.  28,  1877  ae  45  (or  6)  yrs.  7  mos. 

Mary  E.  T.  wife  of  George  L.  Evans  d.  Aug.  6,  1875  ae.  31  yrs.  10  mos. 

Thomas  Evans  d.  Sept.  1.  1869  ae  73  yrs.  6  mos. 

Dorcas  wife  of  Thomas  Evans  d.  May  5,  1878  ae.  84  yrs.  11  mos.  &  20  ds. 


In  memory  of 
Mr  Pendleton  Fletcher 
who  d.  Apr.  17,  1807 
ae.  100 

Father  Mother 

William  H.  Goldthwait  Elizabeth 

Mar.  1817  wife  of 

June  1866  William  H.  Goldthwait 

July    1816 
Apr.   1889 


20        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL   OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


Eunice  wife  of  Garret  Gams  d.  Apr.  5,  1828  ae  69  yrs.  9  mas. 


Lizzie  W.  wife  of  E.  C.   Hathaway   1862-1889 
Edward  McBride  d.  Dec.  2,  1872  ae.  69  yrs.  6  mos.  19  ds. 
Lydia  A.  wife  of  Edward  McBride  d.  June  2,  i860  ae.  55  yrs.  ri  mos.  &  21 
ds. 

Edward  McBride,  Jr.  d.  Sept.  1,  1872  ae  34  yrs.  3  mos.  &  18  ds. 

Wesley  son  of  Edward  &  Lydia  A.  McBride  d.  Nov.  26,   1863  ae.  23  yrs. 

Freeman  D.  Rich,  d.  Apr.  8,  1892  ae.  43  yrs.  6  mos.  29  ds. 

Infant  babes  of  F.  D.  &  Isabell  Rich. 

Lucelia  F.  dau.  of  Freeman  and  Elizabeth  Rich  d.  Mar.  12,  1859  ae  2  yrs.  8  mos. 

L.  F.  R. 
at  foot  of  above. 


Wm  Warren  Rich 
July  30,  1843 
Dec.  23,  1904 
at  rest 
George  W.  Amber  Sally 

Feb.  22,  1821  wife  of 

Sept.  30,  1912  George  W.  Amber 

d. 

Mar.  3,  1887 

ae  68  yrs. 

Achsah 

dau.  of   Ebenezer  &  Eliza  Rogers 

d. 

Mar.  21,  1857 

ae.  21 


at  side  of  above 
Markers 

E.  R.  W.    H.   R.  F.  L.  B. 


and  a  little  further  along 
M.  S.  B.  .  E.   R.  E.  D.  R. 


Sacred  to  the  memory  of 

Leonard   Spear 

son  of 

John  Spear,  Esquire  &  Ruth  his  wife 

who  d. 

Sept.   19,   1818 

ae. 

16  yrs.  4  mos.  \2  ds. 


BIDDEFORD     CEMETERY     INSCRIPTIONS  21 


Jesse  Tarbox  d.   .Mar.    19,    1834  ae.  59  yrs. 
Abigail   F.  wife  of  Jesse  Tarbox  d.  Sept.   1,   1855  ae.  84  yrs, 
Rozilla  A.  wife  of   Benjamin  Tarbox  d.  Feb.   11,   1838  ae.  27  yrs. 
The   following   7    stones   are  copied   from   private   burying  ground   on   the 
left    hand    side    of   the    road    from    Biddeford    Pool    to    Biddeford,    about    2 
miles   from   Biddeford    Pool. 

In    memory   of 

John  Emery,  Jr. 

-on  of  John  and   Elizabeth   Emery 

d.  Feb.  2,  181 1 

ae.   10  yrs.  6  mos.   19  ds. 


In   memory  of 
John  Emery,  3rd  son  of  John  and  Elizabeth 
Emery  d.  Oct.  4,  1823  ae.  11  yrs.  8  mos.  3  ds. 


In   memory  of' 

Mary  only  dau.  of  John  and 

Sarah   Haley  who  d.  Aug.  3,   1837 

ae.  20  yrs.  &  5  mos. 


Sylvester  Haley 
d.    Nov.    r,    1826   ae.   64. 


Sarah  wife  of 
Sylvester  Haley  d.  Feb.  7,   1846 
ae.  83. 


This  stone  is  erected  by  Mrs.  Abigail  McKenna  in 
memory  of  her  beloved  father  Nathaniel  Perkins 
who  d.  July  31,   1832  ae.  76  yrs. 


Sacred  to  the  memory  of 

Sarah  wife  of 

Jo-eph  Wadlin  d.  Mch.  31,  1820 

ae.   25   yrs. 


(To  be  continued.) 


22        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


Hon.  Elias  Dudley  and  Some  of 
His  Political  Correspondence 

With   Notes  By  The  Editor. 

The  Honorable  Lucilius  A.  Emery  of  Ellsworth,  Chief  Justice 
Emeritus,  of  the  S.  J.  Court  of  Maine,  recently  furnished  the  Jour- 
nal with  some  old  letters  to  and  papers  of  Honorable  Elias  Dudley 
who  was  prominent  in  the  political  affairs  of  the  Whig  party  in 
Maine,  when  Edward  Kent  was  its  leader  and  both  of  whom  helped 
found  the  Republican  party.  The  Whigs  carried  Maine  in  the 
Harrison  campaign  in  1840  and  elected  Mr.  Kent  Governor,  who 
then  served  his  second  term  (1841).  There  was  a  Whig  doggerel 
at  the  time,  the  first  line  of  which  read : 

"And   Maine  went 

Hell  bent  for  Governor  Kent." 

We  believe  this  correspondence  will  be  of  interest  to  all  who  are 
interested  in  the  early  history  of  political  parties  in  Maine. 
We  also  append  the  following  data  relating  to  Mr.  Dudley. 

ELIAS  DUDLEY— born  at  Pittston,  Me.,  Jan.  21,  1789,  married  Sarah 
Crosby,  daughter  of  General  John  Crosby,  at  Hampden,  Me.,  March  5, 
181 5.  He  died  at  Hampden,  Jan.  29,  1867.  His  wife  was  born  Sept. 
29,  1792,  and  died  Oct.  28,  1880.  In  his  early  career  he  was  a  Deputy 
Sheriff  for  the  County  of  Hancock.  He  operated  a  saw-mill  and  was 
engaged  in  merchandising  and  shipping. 

In   1841  he  was  a  member  of  the  Governor's  Council  and  had  held 
other  important  offices  and  honors. 
His   children  were : — 

1 — Sarah  Crosby,  born  Jan.  31,  1816,  married  Barnabas  Freeman,  Jr. 
of  Yarmouth,  Me.,  June  1,  1845.  She  died,  Yarmouth,  March  24,  1879, 
the  mother  of  four  children. 

2 — Mary  Godfrey,  born  May  19,  1817,  married  Capt.  Samuel  Child, 
July  21,  1846.  She  died  at  Hampden,  June  8,  185S.  The  compiler  of 
tlie  family  record  states: — "Her  health  was  very  delicate.  So  it  was 
also  with  others  of  her  family.  They  were  good  and  bright  souls  in 
frail  bodies." 

3— Almira,  born  Jan.  5,  1819,  married  Jacob  W.  Curtis  of  Hampden, 
Oct.   12,   1848,  died  July   17,   1875. 

4— George,  born  Nov.  ir,  1820.  A  Sea  Captain.  Married  Caroline 
M.  Holmes  of  Frankfort,  Me.,  July  3,  1855.  They  lived  at  Winterport, 
Me.  Father  of  three  children.  Date  of  death  not  given  in  family 
record. 

5 — Ann  Maria,  born  Feb.  15,  1823,  died  May  4.  1834. 


HONORABLE   ELIAS   DUDLEY  23 


6 — John  Crosby,  born  Aug.   13,  1825,  died  June  19,  1856. 

7 — Elias  James,  born  Jan.  28,  1828,  married  Sarah  Scott,  Oct.  12.  1854. 
Father  of  two  children.     Date  of  death  not  given  in  family  record. 

8 — Irving,  born   Apr.  23,   1832,  died  Feb.  3,   1857. 

9 — Ann  Elizabeth,  born  Sept  5,  1835,  married  Benj.  S.  Crosby  of 
Bangor,  Apr.  8,  1858.     Died  Feb.  14,  1864.     Mother  of  one  child. 

ELIAS  DUDLEY  was  the  second  child  of  James  Dudley,  the  other  children 
being : — 

1 — Sibyl,   married  James   Gorton   of   Hampden. 

3 — Mary,  born  1791,  died  Apr.  17,  1815.  Married  Charles  Godfrey 
of  Hampden  in   1810. 

4 — Edmund,  born  April,   1794. 

5 — James,  a   Sea  Captain.     Died  at  sea. 

6 — Pamelia,  died  unmarried,  aged  21. 

7 — John,  Died  at  Hampden  in   1888. 

JAMES  DUDLEY,  father  of  Elias  Dudley  was  the  seventh  son  of  Samuel 
Dudley.  He  was  born  in  1761  and  died  in  1805  in  Hampden.  He 
married  Miss  Sibyl  Cheney  at  Pittston,  Me.,  in  1785.  He  was  on  the 
tax  list  at  Pownalboro,  Me.,  from  1787  to  1798.  He  was  taxed  at 
Pittston  in  1803.  "A  good,  active,  sensible  man,  and  useful  to  society." 
He  was  killed  by  the  fall  of  a  tree  he  cut  down.  His  wife  died 
May  26,  1848  at  Hampden.  His  children  were  all  born  at  Pittston, 
except  John. 

SAMUEL  DUDLEY,  born  1720,  was  the  .^on  of  James  Dudley. 

JAMES  DUDLEY,  born  1690  at  Exeter,  N.  H.,  was  the  son  of  Stephen 
Dudley. 

STEPHEN  DUDLEY,  born  at  Exeter,  N.  H.,  was  the  son  of  Rev.  Samuel 
Dudley. 

SAMUEL  DUDLEY,  born  about  1610  in  England  was  the  son  of  Thomas 
Dudley. 

THOMAS  DUDLEY,  born  1576  in  Northamptonshire,  England  was  the  son 
of  Capt.  Roger  Dudley,  a  warrior.  Died  in  1653  in  Roxbury,  Mass., 
after  having  been  Deputy  Governor  and  Governor  of  Massachusetts 
Bay  Colony. 

BOSTON,  nst  MARCH,  1808. 

SIR, 
IT  has  been  resolved,  at  a  large  and  respectable  meeting  of  our  political 

friends,  to  support  as  Candidate 

FOR  GOVERNOR, 

The  Honorable  CHRISTOPHER  GORE, 

FOR  LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR, 

The  Honorable  DAVID  COBB, 

and  the  federal  Representatives  from  towns  in  your  County,  have  appointed 

yourself  and  the  gentlemen,  whose  names  are  subjoined,  to  be  a  Committee 

for  the  county  of  for  the  purpose  of  promoting  these  and 

other    (^Federal  Election-. 


OThis   refers   to   the    Federal    party   which   elected   only   two    Presidents, 
Washington  and  John   Adams  before  its  dissolution. 
5 


24        SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


We  confidently  hope  the  failure  of  success  the  last  year,  will  not  produce  a 
relaxation  of  exertion  among  good  men,  to  save  their  country. — The  abuses 
of  power  actually  committed  by  the  ruling  party,  and  those  which  are  still 
threatened,  have  fulfilled  our  predictions  and  justify  our  fears.  If  time  per- 
mitted a  full  development  of  the  proceedings  of  Government  to  the  views 
and  understanding  of  the  people;  if  they  could  be  made  seasonably  to  com- 
prehend the  extent  and  tendency*  of  the  innovations  which  have  already  been 
adopted,  we  think  the  effect  of  their  conviction  would  be  manifest  in  the 
approaching  election.  But  the  progress  of  truth  has  no  proportion  to  the 
rapid  violence  of  passion,  and  if  from  this  cause  we  cannot  promise  ourselves 
immediate  success,  we  should  endeavor  to  ensure  it  hereafter,  we  "SHOULD 
DO  MORE.  WE  SHOULD  DESERVE  IT."' 

We  can  only  add,  that  our  actual  observation  confirms  all  our  apprehen- 
sions that  political  intolerance  and  persecution  will  be  pushed  to  any  extrem- 
ity which  the  people  will  suffer,  and  the  liberties  and  property  of  the  citizen 
are  in  actual  jeopardy  from  doctrines  which  are  avowed,  and  measures  which 
are  adopted. — The  hour  of  peril  is  at  hand — our  safety  consists  in  vigilance 
and  exertion — Let  us  yet  rally  to  prevent  the  ruin  of  the  constitution — and 
if  this  be  ineffectual — 
LET  US  STAND  TOGETHER  AXD  ENDEAVOR  TO  BREAK  ITS  FALL. 

We  therefore  intreat  you  to  be  earnest  and  vigilant  in  exhorting,  encourag- 
ing, and  organizing  your  different  towns  and  sections,  in  a  judicious  arrange- 
ment of  a  List  of  SENATORS  :  and  we  trust  your  labour  will  be  crowned 
with  success. 

JOHN  H.  LEE  SAM'L  E.   DUTTON 
WM.  ABBOT  PHILIP  H  WASHBURN 
SHAW                       JOHN   CROSBY 


STEPHEN  PEABODY  GEORGE  HERBERT.  ESQRS. 

JOHN   WILSON 
BOHAN  P.  FIELD 
WM.  CROSBY 

TO  THE  ELECTORS  OF  REPRESENTATIVE  TO  CONGRESS   FOR 
THE  COUNTIES  OF  SOMERSET  AND  PENOBSCOT. 

FELLOW  CITIZENS: 

I  had  the  honor  of  addressing  you,  under  date  of  August  12th,  last,  propos- 
ing myself  as  a  Candidate  for  Representative  to  Congress  for  this  District. 
The  second  Monday  of  September  hath  passed :  and  the  result  is  well  known. 
I  had  the  pleasure  of  perceiving  that  a  large  number  of  the  Electors  had 
sustained  by  nomination,  in  a  manner  which  the  law  calls  legal :  whilst  many 
more  who  voted  for  me,  were  deprived  of  their  rights,  by  mere  verbal 
errors  in  the  votes,  error;  conjured  up  by  technical  lawyers,  to  defeat  justice 
and  equity.  Another  ingenious  mode,  to  prevent  the  free  suffrage  of  the 
electors  in  my  favor,  was,  the  artful  givings  out  of  my  opposers,  that  my 
address  wa-  mere  sport,  and  no  real  nomination: — that  it  was  one  got  up 
for  amusement,   or  to  draw   to   me   votes   in   order  to   defeat  the   choice  of 


HONORABLE   ELIAS    DUDLEY  25 


either  of  my  opponents  as  Representative.  And,  Fellow  Citizens,  it  was 
further  asserted  that  there  was  no  probability,  were  I  chosen,  that  I  would 
devote  my  time  and  talents  to  the  service  of  the  public.  Such  conduct  and 
suggestions  of  my  opponents  have  thus  far  had  their  weight.  But  I  now, 
with  seriousness,  and  honesty,  again  come  forward,  to  assure  my  Fellow 
Citizens,  Voters  in  this  District,  that  my  intentions  are  TRUE,  PURE,  and 
HONORABLE.  THAT  I  DO  PRESENT  MYSELF  AS  A  CANDIDATE 
AT  THE  NEXT  ELECTION,  FOR  THEIR  REPRESENTATIVE  IN 
CONGRESS. 

That  if  the  office  be  devolved  by  their  suffrages  upon  me.  its  duties  shall 
be  faithfully, honestly, and  judiciously  performed.  That  the  talents  and  abili- 
ties possessed  by  me  shall  be  unremittingly  and  devotedly  exerted  for  their 
good.  Self  interest  does  not  now  influence  me  in  taking  this  step,  nor  shall 
it  ever  bias  me  from  the  straight-forward  march  in  the  path  of  my  public 
duties. 

For  my  qualifications  and  political  views,  I  refer  you  to  the  before  men- 
tioned address. 

FELLOW  CITIZENS,  I  AM  A  CANDIDATE  FOR  YOUR  SUFFRAGES. 

SIMON  HARRIMAN. 

BANGOR,  DECEMBER  8.  1826. 

(To  be  continued.) 


The  Editor  of  that  excellent  publication,  The  Maine  Catholic 
Historical  Magazine,  says : 

" YYe  beg  to  acknowledge,  as  we  go  to  press,  the  excellent  Feb- 
ruary number  of  Sprague's  Journal  of  Maine  History,  which  offers 
as  a  leader,  a  most  interesting  article,  by  the  Editor,  John  Francis 
Sprague,  on  the  life  and  Work  of  Colonel  John  Allan,  Indian  Agent, 
for  Maine  Indians  during  the  Revolution.  .  .  .  Mr.  Sprague's 
interesting  article  shows  research,  is  well  arranged,  and  should  be  a 
valuable  addition  to  this  eventful  period  of  our  history.  To  Catho- 
lics, Mr.  Sprague  is  no  stranger.  Many  have  read  with  interest 
his  life  of  Father  Rale,  as  well  as  his  other  contributions  from  time 
to  time  on  the  Catholic  History  of  our  State. 

"There  are  many  interesting  features  in  Mr.  Sprague's  Journal, 
which  should  make  it  valuable  for  the  future  historian." 


Among  the  sheriffs  in  )Maine  in  1826  were:  Josiah  W.  Seaber, 
South  Berwick ;  Peter  W.  Green,  Bath ;  Jessie  Robinson,  Hallowell ; 
Wm.  C.  Whitney,  Hebron ;  Jonas  Parlin,  Jr.,  Norridgewock ; 
Leonard  Javis,  Surry;  Wm.  D.  Williamson,  Bangor;  Wm. 
Chaloner,  Lubec ;  Horatio  G.  Balch,  Machias,. 


26        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


William  Hutchings. 

William  Hutchings  was  born  at  York,  Maine,  October  6,  1764, 
son  of  Charles  Hutchings ;  moved  to  Penobscot  when  four  years 
old;  witnessed  the  siege  of  Castine  in  1779;  enlisted  at  Newcastle, 
Maine,  as  a  soldier  of  the  Revolution  in  1780  or  1781,  in  Colonel 
Samuel  McCobb's  regiment,  Capt.  Benjamin  Lemont'si  Company ;  in 
1865,  when  over  one  hundred  years  old,  he  attended  a  4th  of  July 
celebration  at  Bangor ;  that  same  year  he  was  one  of  the  four  sur- 
viving Revolutionary  soldiers;  died  in  May,  1866. 

The  above  is  from  a  photograph  taken  on  his  one  hundredth  birth- 
day and  furnished  us  by  Mr.  Charles  F.  Bumps  of  Milo,  Maine, 
who  is  one  of  his  descendants. 


FRANKLIN   SIMMONS,  THE  SCULPTOR  27 


Franklin  Simmons,  the  Sculptor 

Contributed  by  Honorable  Augustine  Simmons. 

Among  the  passengers  on  the  Fortune,  the  next  ship  to  follow 
the  Mayflower  in  November,  1621,  was  PhillippeDe  La  Noye, 
since  called  Philip  Delano.  He  was  born  in  Leyden,  whither  his 
Huguenot  parents  fled  from  the  south  of  France  in  the  latter  part 
of  the  sixteenth  century 

Philip  was  nineteen  years  old  when  he  arrived  at  Plymouth.  He 
settled  and  married  in  Duxbury.  Among  his  children  was  Dr. 
Thomas  Delano,  who  married  Mary  Alden,  a  daughter  of  John  and 
Priscilla.  One  of  their  children  was  Jonathan  Delano,  and  he  was 
the  father  of  John  Delano,  who  was  the  father  of  Zebedee,  who 
came  to  Maine,  first  to  Winthrop,  and  then  to  Livermore.  Zebedee 
was  a  Baptist  preacher.  He  and  his  son  James  founded  the  Bap- 
tist church  in  North  Livermore.  The  daughter  of  James,  Sophia 
Delano,  married  John  Simmons,  the  son  of  Samuel  Simmons,  a 
Revolutionary  soldier,  and  a  Baptist  preacher,  who  came  to  Maine 
in  1781,  and  died  in  Canton  in  1835.  John  and  Sophia  Simmons 
were  the  parents  of  Loring  Simmons,  the  father  of  Franklin.  The 
maiden  name  of  Loring's  wife  was  Dorothy  Bacheller. 

When  Franklin  Simmons,  the  sculptor,  was  born,  on  the  nth  day 
of  January,  1839,  ms  parents  resided  in  Bath,  the  Franklin  was 
born  in  Webster,  where  his  mother  was  visiting  her  relatives.  He 
passed  his  childhood  in  Bath,  but  before  he  attained  his  majority  his 
parents  moved  to  Lewiston.  He  attended  the  public  schools  and 
afterwards  the  old  Maine  State  Seminary,  which  became  Bates 
College  in  1863.  He  took  his  first  lessons  in  Latin  from  Frank  L. 
Dingley,  the  editor  of  the  Lewiston  Journal.  The  youthful  friend- 
ship between  him  and  Mr.  Dingley  continued  during  the  remainder 
of  Franklin's  life. 

Young  Simmons  was  employed  in  the  counting  room  of  one  of 
the  cotton  mills  in  Lewiston,  but  his  artistic  temperament  chafed 
under  the  drudgery  of  his  employment.  When  he  was  18  and  even 
younger,  his  acquaintances  were  amazed  at  his  genius  in  crayon 
work  and  cameo  figures. 

Among  his  friends  in  that  early  period  was  Reverend  George 
Knox,  pastor  of  the  Baptist  church  in  Lewiston,  a  clergyman  well 
known,  in  his  denomination  and  outside  of  it,  for  his  ability  as  a 
preacher   and    for   his   kindly   heart  and   helpful   life.      From    Mr. 


2b        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE  HISTORY 


Knox,  Franklin  received  good  cheer  and  stimulating  encouragement 
in  his  ambition.  In  memory  of  his  early  friend  he  left  a  legacy  for 
a  scholarship  to  Colby  College,  of  which  Mr.  Knox  was  a  trustee 
when  the  institution  bore  the  name  of  Waterville  college. 

His  little  statue  of  "The  Newsboy"  elicited  great  praise,  and  for 
a  long  time  was  in  the  possession  of  Bates  college.  When  he  was 
22  years  of  age,  Franklin  went  to  Brunswick  to  make  the  busts  of 
President  Woods  and  Professor  Packard  of  Bowdoin  college  and 
of  Dr.  Isaac  Lincoln.  His  studio  was  over  the  Pejepscot  Bank. 
Shortly  afterwards  he  made  a  marble  bust  of  Governor  Dunlap, 
which  surmounts,  the  Dunlap  monument  in  Pine  Grove  cemetery, 
Brunswick.  About  this  time  his  first  important  public  works,  the 
Soldiers'  Monument  for  the  public  park  in  Lewiston,  and  the 
Edward  Little  statue  for  the  grounds  of  the  Edward  Little  Insti- 
tute in  Auburn,  enlarged  his  youthful  fame.  Then  he  went  to 
Washington,  and  there  received  the  patronage  of  Generals  Grant, 
Sherman,  Sheridan,  Governor  Pierrepont  of  West  Virginia,  Gov- 
ernor Morton  of  Indiana,  and  many  others.  His  success  in  Wash- 
ington and  his  extensive  acquaintance  with  so  many  public  men 
and  women,  endeared  that  city  to  him,  so  that  in  after  life  his  great- 
est public  works  found  a  place  there. 

In  1867,  Franklin  went  to  Florence,  Italy,  to  study  art,  and  re- 
mained there  about  a  year.  Subsequently,  in  1868,  he  established 
himself  in  Rome,  among  the  great  sculptors  and  painters  of  modern 
time,  and  amid  the  world's  treasures  of  ancient  sculpture,  archi- 
tecture, and  painting,  but  he  never  regarded  Rome  as  his  permanent 
home,  although  he  remained  there  in  pursuit  of  his  profession  to 
the  time  of  his  death,  December  6,  19 13,  more  than  45  years.  Show- 
ing how  he  was  regarded  in  Rome  on  account  of  what  he  was  as 
sculptor  and  man,  it  may  be  mentioned  that  he  was  decorated  by  the 
late  King  Humbert  of  Italy  and  afterwards  by  his  son,  the  present 
king. 

It  would  be  impossible  to  give  a  complete  list  of  all  the  portrait 
busts  he  made  of  distinguished  men  on  both  sides  of  the  ocean. 
Among  his  public  works  the  writer  remembers  the  following:  The 
Longfellow  statue,  and  the  Statue  of  the  Republic  (soldiers'  monu- 
ment) in  Portland  ;  the  Equestrian  Statue  of  Logan  and  the  Peace 
Monument  (Grief  weeping  on  the  shoulder  of  History),  and  Gen- 
eral Grant,  in  Washington;  Roger  Williams,  in  Providence;  Alex- 
ander  Hamilton,  in    Paterson,   N.   T.,  Governor  Morton   in  Indian- 


FRANKLIN   SIMMONS,  THE   SCULPTOR  29 

apolis ;  Valley  Forge,  representing  Washington  at  Valley  Forge ; 
Governor  King  of  Maine,  in  the  capital  at  Washington. 

Among  the  most  famous  ideal  statues  are  the  following:  Joche- 
bed  and  her  Child  Moses  ;  Penelope,  Medusa,  Galatea,  Paris  and 
Helen,  Hymn  of  Praise,  Seraph  Abdiel,  Miriam,  Genius  of  Progress 
Leading  the  Nations,  Angel  of  the  Resurrection,  The  Witch  of 
Endor,  Benjamin  and  his  Cup,  The  Promised  Land,  and  Hercules 
and  Alcestis.  The  last  named  is  his  last  work,  and  probably  the 
most  wonderful. 

Replicas  of  all  his  most  important  works,  both  public  and  ideal, 
were  left  to  Portland  by  Franklin's  will  together  with  a  fund  for 
their  transportation  from  hisi  studio  in  Rome  and  for  the  mainten- 
ance of  the  art  collection. 

Over  his  own  grave  and  the  graves  of  his  two  deceased  wives  in 
his  lot  in  the  American  Cemetery  at  Rome,  stands  a  full  sized  replica 
of  the  Angel  of  the  Resurrection,  showing  in  his  free  joyful  triumph 
over  death. 


The  Bangor  Historical  Society  held  a  meeting  Tuesday,  April  6, 
191 5,  which  was  of  great  interest  as  the  subject  under  consideration 
was  Mt.  Katahdin. 

Gen.  Augustus  B.  Farnham  presided. 

Prof.  Lucius  H.  Merrill  of  the  University  of  Maine  delivered 
an  able  address  on  Katahdin  from  the  view  point  of  the  Scientist, 
and  Congressman  Guernsey  entertained  the  audience  with  an  account 
of  the  efforts  which  he  is  making  in  Congress  for  the  Federal  Gov- 
ernment to  make  this  Katahdin  area  a  national  forest  reserve. 


A  meeting  of  the  Woman's  Literary  Club  of  Dexter,  Maine,  was 
held  January  27,  191 5.  Historical  Sketches  of  the  Club  from 
1880  to  1910  were  given  by  Mrs.  Frances  Bradbury,  Mrs.  Elizabeth 
R.  Horton,  Mrs.  Fannie  Bridgham,  Mrs.  Carrie  Brewster,  Mrs. 
Imogene  Weymouth  and  Mrs.  Fannie  Crosby.  The  session  was 
presided  over  by  Mrs.  Elizabeth  R.  Horton,  the  oldest  member  of 
the  Club,  whose  age  was  91  years.  The  Club  was  organized  at  the 
home  of  Mrs.  Ella  Eldridge  in  1880  with  18  members.  During  the 
first  30  years  of  the  Club's  existence  175  women  have  been  actively 
associated  with  it. 


3o        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


The  Shepherd  Boy  of  Woolwich 

Oh  Billy,  little  Billy,  with  your  flock  beside  the  river, 

Where  the  deep-sea  faring  vessels  come  and  go, 
Do  you  long  for  tropic  waters  where  the  blue  waves  dance  and  quiver 

As  the  far-off  magic  trade  winds  briskly  blow? 
I  sit  here  by  the  river  with  my  silly  sheep  beside  me, 

But  it  will  not  last  for  always,  I  know  well ; 
I  was  born  for  something  greater,  and  though  ill  may  yet  betide  me 

I  shall  sail  where  strange  far  waters  heave  and  swell. 

How  now,  apprentice  William,  at  your  bench  with  saw  and  hammer, 

Work  you  love  not  earning  for  you  food  and  bed,— 
Do  you  hear  the  creak  of  cordage  and  the  sea  gulls'  raucous  clamor 

As  they  fly  about  the  rigging  overhead  ? 
I  work  with  saw  and  hammer  till  the  toil  of  day  is  over ; 

Then  I  study,  sometimes  far  into  the  night. 
My  dreams  are  not  forgotten, — I  shall  be  a  deep-sea  rover — 

But  the  captain  of  a  ship  should  read  and  write. 

Oh  Captain  Phips  of  Boston,  you  have  sailed  the  South  Atlantic 

Where  the  far  Bahamas  wreck  the  Spanish  ships ; 
Does  the  taste  of  unearned  plunder  set  your  rover's  nature  frantic. 

Shall  you  come  again  to  search  here,  Captain  Phips  ? 
I  shall  sail  at  once  for  London  there  to  stand  before  the  king. 

And  my  plan  shall  I  at  length  to  him  unfold  ; 
And  if  fortune  then  be  with  me  I  shall  men  and  vessels  bring. 

Here  to  search  the  sea  for  sunken  Spanish  gold. 

Sir  William  Phips  of  England,  of  your  search  in  tropic  waters; 

Of  the  tripsi  you  made  to  England  to  and  fro  ; 
( )f  the  mutiny  you  ended,  turning  plot  against  plotters — 

Tell  us  truly  of,  Sir  William,  all  you  know. 
In  my  English  ship,  'Rose  Algier,'  I  sailed  the  Spanish  Main, 

Where  the  loaded  treasure-ships  were  sunk  of  old  ; 
By  the  aid  of  Indian  divers  I  brought  it  up  again — 

Three  hundred  thousand  pounds  in  gems  and  gold. 


THE  SHEPHERD  BOY  OF  WOOLWICH  31 

Governor  Phips  of  Boston  in  your  mansion  fair  and  stately. 

That  you  promised  Mistress  Phipsi  you'd  build  one  day, 
You  have  risen  to  high  honor  as  well  as  prospered  greatly ; 

Are  you  well  content,  Sir  William,  with  your  way  ? 
I  have  dealt  with  all  offenders  and  soundly  them  berated — 

I  find  my  temper  shorter  than  of  yore — 
Well  I  know  that  all  around  me  I  am  both  feared  and  hated, 

And  I  go  to  pleasant  England  back  once  more. 

Oh  William  Phips,  in  England  your  forgotten  dust  is  lying. 

Does  your  stern,  proud  spirit  sometimes  hover  near ; 
Do  you  think  of  old  adventures  in  the  days  so  swiftly  flying, 

And  the  scenes  you  knew  and  loved  when  you  were  here? 
Round  my  earthly  habitations  if  my  spirit  freed  might  linger, 

Dearer  far  than  any  other  spot  to  me 
Where  the  shepherd  boy  of  Woolwich  watched  the  Future's  beck- 
oning finger, 

Where  the  widening  river  flows  to  meet  the  sea. 

MABEL  L.  TRUE. 

Foxcroft,  Maine. 


Sir  William  Phips  was  born  in  Woolwich,  Maine,  February  2,  1650,  (1)and 
died  in  London,  England,  February,  1695.  His  youth,  in  his  humble  home 
on  the  coast  of  Maine,  was  spent  as  a  shepherd  boy  and  as  an  apprentice  to 
a  ship  carpenter.  When  a  young  man  he  went  to  Boston  where  he  learned 
to  read  and  write  and  then  engaged  as  a  trader.  He  married  a  widow  or 
Boston  who  was  a  lady  of  wealth  and  was  thus  enabled  to  build  for  himself 
a  ship  and  entered  upon  ocean  commerce.  Later  he  was  in  English  Ad- 
miralty, and  commanded  a  fleet  of  vessels  in  an  expedition  against  Port 
Royal  which  he  captured  in  1690.  He  was  unsuccessful  in  a  similar  expedi- 
tion against  Quebec. 

In  1667  he  was  at  the  head  of  an  expedition  that  recovered  Spanish  gold 
that  had  been  lost  in  the  wreck  of  a  Spanish  ship  off  the  Bahamas,  to  the 
amount  of  £300,000  of  which  his  share  was  £16,000;  he  was  then  knighted 
by  the  English  government  and  made  sheriff  of  Xew  England.  He  was 
probably  more  than  anyone  else  the  real  founder  of  Xew  England  shipping. 

One  of  the  most  famous  acts  of  his  life  was  when  he  had  been  appointed 
royal  governor  of  the  Massachusetts  Colony  he  immediately  created  a  special 
court  to  investigate  and  try  the  witchcraft  cases..  Ie  resulted  in  the  speedy 
termination   of   these   abhorrent   and   disgraceful   prosecutions. 

EDITOR. 

(1)     Williamson  Vol.   1,   Page  595. 


io. 


SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


Leading  Events  in  the  Colonial 
History  of  Maine 

The  following  summary  of  the  most  important  events  in  the 
Colonial  period  of  the  history  of  Maine,  is  a  part  of  the  State  His- 
torian's Report  for  1907-8,  pp.  17-20.1  It  is  so  concisely  and  accu- 
rately arranged  and  is  such  a  valuable  suggestion  for  a  course  of 
study  for  pupils  and  beginners  in  Maine  History  that  we  make 
excerpts  as  follows : 

Martin  Pring,  an  English  explorer,  was  on  the  coast  of  Maine  in 
1603.  De  Monts,  a  Frenchman,  landed  with  colonists  on  the  island 
of  St.  Croix,  below  Calais,  in  1604.  Weymouth,  with  a  band  of 
English  explorers,  was  at  St.  George's  Island  Harbor  and  ascended 
the  St.  George's  river  in  1605.  Pring  was  here  again  in  1606.  The 
Popham  colonists  established  themselves  at  the  mouth  of  the  Kenne- 
bec in  1607.  There  were  Jesuit  colonists  on  the  Penobscot  in  161 1 
and  at  Mount  Desert  in  161 3.  English  fishermen  and  traders  were 
then  on  the  coast  from  year  to  year.  Capt.  John  Smith  was  at  Mon- 
hegan  in  1614.  Long  after  the  landing  of  the  Pilgrims,  Maine  held 
an  independent  position.  The  grant  of  the  Province  of  Maine  to  Sir 
Ferdinando  Gorges  and  Captain  John  Mason,  by  the  Great  Council 
for  New  England,  was  made  in  1622.  Christopher  Levett  secured 
from  the  same  source  in  1623  a  grant  of  six  thousand  acres  in  Casco 
Bay.  In  1629,  the  Pilgrims  at  Plymouth  secured  a  grant  of  land  on 
both  sides  of  the  Kennebec,  which  enabled  them  to  control  the  Indian 
trade  of  the  river,  and  which  later,  having  been  sold  by  them,  was 
known  as  the  "Kennebec  Purchase."  A  grant  of  land  on  the  north 
side  of  the  Saco  river,  including  the  site  of  the  present  city  of  Saco, 
was  made  by  the  Great  Council  in  1630  to  Thomas  Lewis  and  Richard 
Bonighton.  Also,  in  the  same  year,  land  on  the  south  side  of  the 
Saco,  including  the  site  of  the  present  city  of  Biddeford,  was  granted 
to  John  Oldham  and  Richard  Vines.  That  also  was  the  date  of  the 
Muscongus  Patent,  granting  lands  at  Muscongus  to  John  Beauchamp 
and  Thomas  Leverett,  a  grant  later  known  as  the  Waldo  Patent.  The 
Lygonia  Patent,  covering  a  tract  of  land  forty  miles  square,  extend- 
ing from  Cape  Porpoise  to  the  Androscoggin  river,  bears  the  same 
date.    The  Black  Point  Grant  to  Thomas  Cammock,  a  nephew  of  the 


(^Report  of  Rev.  Hemry  S.  Burrage,  D.  D.,  Slate   Historian  for  the  State 
of   Maine. 


EVENTS  IN  COLONIAL  HISTORY  OF  MAINE       33 

Earl  of  Warwick,  was  made  in  1631.  So  also  in  the  same  year  a 
grant  of  land  on  the  Pejepscot  river  was  made  to  Richard  Bradshaw  ; 
another  of  land  on  Cape  Elizabeth  to  Robert  Trelawny  and  Moses 
Goodyear ;  another  on  the  east  side  of  the  Agamenticus  river  to  Fer- 
dinando  Gorges,  a  grandson  of  Sir  Ferdinando  Gorges,  Walter 
Norton  and  others ;  also  two  thousand  acres  at  Cape  Porpoise  to 
John  Stratton  ;  also  land  at  Pemaquid  to  Robert  Aldworth  and  Gyles 
Elbridge.  In  1^32.  grants  of  land  on  the  Pejepscot  river  were  made 
to  George  Way  and  Thomas  Purchase.  In  1634,  in  the  final  division 
of  the  Patent  for  New  England  by  the  great  Council,  number  seven, 
including  the  territory  between  the  Piscataqua  and  the  Kennebec,  was 
assigned  to  Sir  Ferdinando  Gorges.  In  1636,  Gorges  leased  to 
George  Cleeve  and  Richard  Tucker  "a  neck  of  land  called  Mache- 
gonne,"  now  Portland.  The  royal  charter  of  the  Province  of  Maine 
to  Sir  Ferdinando  Gorges  by  Charles  II,  designed  to  confirm  the 
allotment  made  to  Gorges  in  the  division  of  the  Patent  for  New  Eng- 
land, was  granted  in  1639.  During  the  decade  and  more  that  fol- 
lowed, affairs  were  in  a  disturbed  state  in  the  province  because  of  the 
conflict  between  the  King  and  Parliament.  As  the  power  of  the 
royalist  party  in  England  was  weakened,  George  Cleeve  in  1643, 
in  opposition  to  the  Gorges  interest,  enlisted  the  aid  of  Colonel 
Alexander  Rigby  in  resuscitating  the  Lygonia  Patent  in  1630,  and 
received  a  commission  as  Deputy  President  of  the  Province  of 
Lygonia.  Other  interests  were  pressing.  In  this  unsettled  state 
of  affairs  civil  government  of  necessity  languished,  and  in  165 1  the 
General  Court  of  the  Province  of  Maine  appealed  to  Parliament  for 
protection. 

Thus  far,  in  these  beginnings  of  colonization,  Maine  had  main- 
tained an  independent  position.  But  at  this  juncture  of  affairs  the 
colonists  of  Massachusetts  Bay  saw  an  opportunity  to  extend  their 
dominion  in  this  direction.  The  charter  of  the  Bay  colony  estab- 
lished its  northern  boundary  three  miles  north  of  the  Merrimac 
river.  This  was  now  interpreted  to  mean  three  miles  north  of  the 
source  of  the  river,  and  a  line  drawn  east  from  this  point  to  the 
sea  brought  the  land  covered  by  the  Gorges  and  Cleeve  interests 
within  the  jurisdiction  of  Massachusetts.  In  1652,  the  General 
Court  appointed  Commissioners  to  determine  the  line,  but  not  with- 
out protest  and  opposition  on  the  part  of  the  colonists  of  Maine 
who  were  in  sympathy  with  the  above  interests.  Gradually  the  gov- 
ernment of  Massachusetts  was  extended  northward.  Kittery  and 
Gorgeana  yielded  submission   in    1652;  Wells,   Cape   Porpoise  and 


34        SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


Saco  in   1653;  and  Black  Point,  Blue  Point,  Spurwink  and  Casco 
in   1658. 

The  materials  of  the  history  of  Maine  during  this  period  of  inde- 
pendence are  to  be  found  largely  in  England.  Something,  in  gath- 
ering these  materials,  has  already  been  done  by  the  Maine  Historical 
Society.  Much  has  been  done  by  the  Hon.  James  P.  Baxter.  Added 
researches  will  doubtless  have  their  reward.  All  possible  sources 
of  information  should  be  carefully  examined,  and  the  materials  for 
the  history  of  this  early  period  in  Maine  life  and  achievement  should 
be  made  accessible  to  those  who  are  interested  in  it. 

To  this  newly  acquired  territory,   Massachusetts  gave  the  name 
Yorkshire,  or  County  of  York.     Subsequently,  after  the  overthrow 
of  the  Protectorate  and  the  restoration  of  Charles  II,  the  colonists 
in  the  fomer  Province  of  Maine  requested  to  be  placed  again  under 
the  authority  of  the  King,  or  of  the  heir  of  Sir  Ferdinando  Gorges. 
But  the  General  Court  of  Massachusetts  also  sent  a  petition  to  the 
King,  and  matters  were  allowed  to  rest  until  1664,  when  the  grand- 
son of  Gorges  obtained  an  order  from  the  King  requiring  Massa- 
chusetts to  restore  the  Province  of  Maine  to  Gorges  or  his  com- 
missioners.   After  various  efforts  on  both  sides,  the  territory  mean- 
while being  brought  under  the  jurisdiction  of  a  provincial  govern- 
ment independent  of   Massachusetts  and  the  Gorges  interests,  the 
General  Court  of  Massachusetts,  May  6,  1677,  purchased  of  Ferdi- 
nando Gorges,  grandson  of  Sir  Ferdinando,  all  his  interest  in  the 
Province  of   Maine   for  twelve  hundred  and  fifty  pounds;  sterling. 
This   purchase   strengthened    the   hold   of    Massachusetts   upon    its 
former  eastward  possessions,  and  in   1680  the  General  Court  pro- 
ceeded  to   reorganize   civil   administration   in    Maine   with   Thomas 
Dan  forth  as  President  of  the  Province.     But  the  charter  of  Massa- 
chusetts  was  annulled  in   1684,  and  the  government  of  the  colony 
reverted  to  the  crown.     Charles  II  died  in  1685,  and  James  II  ap- 
pointed  Andros  Governor  of   New  England.     His  career  was  cut 
short   by  a   revolution    in    England,   which   drove   James   from  the 
throne  ;  and  William  and  Mary,  who  succeeded  James,  issued  October 
7,  1691,  a  charter,  which  incorporated,  under  the  title  of  the  "Prov- 
ince of  Massachusetts  Bay,"  the  Colony  of  Massachusetts  Bay,  the 
Colony  of  Plymouth,  the   Province  of   Maine  and  the  territory  of 
Nova  Scotia.     In  this  way  the  title  of  Massachusetts  to  the  territory 
east   of   the   Fiscataqua    was   confirmed,   though  on   account  of   its 
remoteness  and  the  distracted  state  of  the  country,  Nova  Scotia  was 
separated  from  the  Province  of  Massachusetts  Bay  by  the  Lords 
of  Trade  in  1606.  and  it  was  made  a  roval  nrovince  in   T7n 


SONS  OF  THE  AMERICAN  REVOLUTION  35 


The  Maine  Society  of  the  Sons  of 
the  American  Revolution 


This  Society  held  its  annual  meeting  and  banquet  at  Riverton, 
Maine,  February  22,  191 5. 

At  the  banquet  addresses  were  made  by  the  retiring  President, 
John  Francis  Sprague,  Brig.  Gen.  Philip  Read,  U.  S.  A.,  retired, 
and  the  newly  elected  President,  Philip  F.  Turner. 

The  following  officers  were  elected  to  serve  for  the  ensuing  year. 
President:    Philip  F.  Turner,  Portland. 
Senior  Vice  President:    Wainwright  dishing,  Foxcroft. 
Vice  Presidents: 

Androscoggin  County,  Edward  P.  Ricker,  So.  Poland. 

Aroostook   County,   Atwood  W.    Spaulding,    Caribou. 

Cumberland  County,  Frederick  S.  Vaill,  Portland. 

Franklin  County,  Fred  G.   Paine,  Farmington. 

Hancock  County,  Benjamin  L.  Noyes,  Stonington. 

Kennebec  County,  Eugene  C.  Carll,  Augusta. 

Knox  County,  Eugene  M.  Stubbs,  Rockland. 

Lincoln  County,  Eugene  F.  Webber,  YYestport. 

Oxford  County,  John  W.  Thompson,  Canton. 

Penobscot  County,  Wm.  W.  Talbot,  Bangor. 

Sagadahoc  County,  Wm.  B.  Kendall,  Bowdoinham. 

Somerset  County,  Charles  F.  Jones,  Skowhegan. 

Waldo  County,  Ralph  Emery,  Belfast. 

Washington  County,  Levin  C.  Getchell,  Machias. 

York  County,  John  C.  Stewart,  York  Village. 
Secretary:    Rev.  Jos.  Battell  Shepherd,  Portland. 
Treasurer:     Enoch  O.  Greenleaf,  Portland. 
Registrar:    Francis  L.  Littlefield,  Portland. 
Librarian:    William  T.  Cousens,  Portland. 
Historian:    Augustus  F.  Moulton,  Portland. 
Chaplain:     Rev.  R.  F.  Johonnot,  Auburn. 

Councillors:     Willis  B.  Hall,  Portland  ;  John  W.  D.  Carter,  Port- 
land ;  Convers  E.  Leach,  Portland ;  Fred  Brunei,  Portland ; 

Charles  L.  Andrews,  Portland. 


36        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE  HISTORY 


Stephen  Longfellow 

By  William  Willis. 

Stephen  Longfellow  was,  descended  in  the  fourth  degree  from 
William,  the  first  of  the  name  who  came  to  this  country  and  settled 
in  the  Byefield  Parish,  in  the  old  town  of  Newbury,  and  who 
married  there,  in  1678,  Anne  Sewall.  She  was  the  daughter  of 
Henry  Sewall  and  Jane  Dummer,  and  was  born  September  3,  1662. 
After  the  death  of  her  first  husband,  Longfellow,  she  married 
Henry  Short.  His  father,  grandfather,  and  great-grandfather  were 
all  named  Stephen ;  derived  from  Stephen  Dummer,  the  father  of 
Jane,  the  first  William  Longfellow's  wife.  His  grandfather,  the 
first  immigrant  to  Maine,  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1742, 
and  came  to  Portland,  then  Falmouth,  as  the  Grammar  School 
Master,  in  1745.  He  filled  many  offices  of  honor  and  trust,  and 
exercised  an  important  influence  in  the  affairs  of  the  town  and 
county.  He  was  Grammar  School  Master  fifteen  years;  twenty- 
three  years  Parish  Clerk ;  twenty-two  years  Town  Clerk ;  and  fif- 
teen years  Register  of  Probate  and  Clerk  of  the  Judicial  Courts ; 
several  of  which  offices  he  held  at  the  same  time.  His  son  Stephen 
held  the  office  of  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  and  died 
much  respected,  in  1824,  at  the  age  of  seventy-four.  The  grand- 
father died  in  1790. 

Stephen  Longfellow,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  was  born  in 
Gorham,  Maine,  March  23,  1776.  His  father  who  was  born  in 
Falmouth,  and  his  grandfather,  removed  to  Gorham  from  Falmouth, 
on  its  destruction  by  the  British  fleet  in  October,  1775,  and  remained 
there  during  their  lives.  His  early  days  were  spent  in  that  town, 
on  the  farm  of  his  father,  and  in  studies  necessary  to  prepare  him 
for  his  future  occupation.  Sometimes,  in  his  addresses  to  the  jury, 
he  adroitly  drew  illustrations  from  his  farmer's,  apprenticeship,  to 
point  his  argument  or  secure  their  favorable  attention. 

He  entered  Harvard  College  in  1794,  at  the  age  of  eighteen,  and  at 
once  took  an  honorable  position  with  the  government  and  his  col- 
lege companions,  by  the  frankness  of  his  manners  and  his  uniformly 
correct  deportment.  Plis  scholarship  is  attested  by  his  election  to 
the  Phi  Beta  Kappa  society.  He  had  a  well-balanced  mind,  no  part 
so  prominent  as  to  overshadow  the  rest.  It  was  not  rapid  in  its 
movements,  nor  brilliant  in  its  course,  but  its  conclusions  were 
sound  and  correct.     He  was  inclined  to  think,  compare,  and  weigh 


STEPHEN    LONGFELLOW 


37 


closely ;  he  did  not  soar  into  the  regions  of  fancy  and  abstraction, 
but  kept  on  the  terra  firma  of  practical  common  sense.  In  his  hab- 
its, he  was  studious  and  exemplary,  free  from  every  contaminating 
influence.  In  a  class  which  had  its  full  share  of  talent  and  scholar- 
ship, he  held  a  very  reputable  rank  among  its  high  divisions,  and 
shared  its  honors  in  the  assignment  of  the  college  government,  and 
in  the  estimation  of  his  classmates.  He  was  a  born  gentleman,  and 
a  general  favorite  of  his  class. 

These  high  tributes  to  the  youthful  character  of  Air.  Longfellow 
were  fully  sustained  in  his  riper  years.     He  graduated  in  the  class 


STEPHEN   LONGFELLOW" 

of  Dr.  Channing,  Judge  Story,  Professor  Sidney  YYillard,  Dr. 
Tuckerman,  and  other  distinguished  scholars. 

On  leaving  college  he  entered  on  the  study  of  law  with  Salmon 
Chase  of  Portland,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1801.  He  estab- 
lished himself  in  Portland  where  he  soon  secured  a  successful  and 
honorable  business.  No  man  more  surely  gained  the  confidence  of 
all  who  approached  him,  or  held  it  firmer ;  and  those  who  knew 
him  best,  loved  him  most. 

In  1814,  a  year  of  great  excitement  to  the  republic  from  war 
with  England, — a  large  fleet  hanging  upon  our  coast,  and  a  well- 
disciplined  army  menacing  our  northern  frontier, — he  was  sent  to 


38        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


the  Legislature  of  Massachusetts,  and  while  there  was  chosen  a 
member  of  the  celebrated  Hartford  Convention,  in  company  with 
Judge  Wilde  from  this  State,  George  Cabot,  Harrison  Gray  Otis, 
and  other  distinguished  Federalists  from  Massachusetts  and  the 
other  New  England  States.  In  1816  he  was  chosen  an  elector  of 
President,  and  with  Prentiss  Mellan,  and  the  other  electors  of 
Massachusetts,  threw  his  vote  for  the  eminent  statesman,  Rufus 
King,  a  native  of  Maine. 

In  1822,  Mr.  Longfellow  was  chosen  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress, 
where  he  was  associated  with  Lincoln  of  Maine,  Webster  of  Massa- 
chusetts, Buchanan  of  Pennsylvania,  Clary  of  Kentucky,  Barbour 
and  Randolph  of  Virginia,  McLane  of  Delaware,  Forsyth  of 
Georgia,  Houston  of  Tennessee,  and  Livingston  of  Louisiana. 
Having  served  out  his  term  faithfully  and  well,  he  took  leave  of 
political  life,  which  had  no  charm  for  him,  and  gave  the  remainder 
of  his  years,  as  far  as  his  health  permitted,  to  his  profession.  How 
well  he  served  it,  the  first  sixteen  volumes  of  the  Massachusetts 
Reports,  and  the  first  twelve  of  the  Maine  Reports,  extending 
through  a  period  of  more  than  thirty  years,  bear  ample  testimony. 
In  1828,  he  received  from  Bowdoin  College  the  honorable  and  mer- 
ited distinction  of  Doctor  of  Laws.  He  was  one  of  the  trustees  of 
that  institution  from  181 7  to  1836.  In  1826,  he  represented  Port- 
land in  the  Legislature,  with  Isaac  Adams  and  General  Fessenden. 
In  1834,  he  was  President  of  the  Maine  Historical  Society,  having 
previously  held  the  office  of  Recording  Secretary. 

In  his  domestic  life  Mr.  Longfellow  was  as  exemplary  as  he  was 
able  in  public  and  professional  relations.  He  married  in  January, 
1804,  Zilpah,  daughter  of  General  Peleg  Wadsworth  of  Portland, 
with  whom  he  lived  in  uninterrupted  happiness  more  than  forty-five 
years.  She  was  a  woman  of  fine  manners,  and  of  great  moral  worth. 
P>y  her  he  had  eight  children,  four  sons  and  four  daughters. 

1,  Stephen;  2,  Henry  Wadsworth;  3,  Elizabeth;  4,  Anne;  5,  Alex 
W. ;  6,  Mary;  7,  Ellen,  and  8,  Samuel. 


Prof.  John  C.  Mellett  of  the  Department  of  English,  in  the  Uni- 
versity  of   Maine,  Oronoi,   Maine,   writes  us: 

I  have  enjoyed  reading  the  Journal  very  much  and  especially  the 
article  on  Colonel  John  Allan.  The  feature  that  interested  me,  a 
newspaper  man,  most,  was  the  line  you  carry  at  the  bottom  of  your 
advertising  pages,  as  I  regard  this  a  common  sense,  ethical  plan. 


ANDROSCOGGIN    NOTES  39 

Androscoggin  Notes 

By  Edgar  Crosby  Smith. 

Androscoggin  County  was  incorporated  March  18,  1854,  its  ter- 
ritory was  formed  from  three  other  counties  as  follows : 

The  towns  of  Lewiston,  Lisbon  and  Webster  were  taken  from  the 
county  of  Lincoln ;  the  towns  Auburn,  Danville,  Durham,  Minot 
and  Poland  from  the  county  of  Cumberland;  the  towns  of  Liver- 
more  and  Turner  from  the  county  of  Oxford,  and  the  towns  of 
East  Livermore,  Greene,  Leeds,  and  Wales  from  the  county  of  Ken- 
nebec.1 

The  act  establishing  the  county  also  provided  that  the  permanent 
shire  town  should  be  either  Lewiston,  Auburn,  or  Danville ;  and  it 
further  provided  that  on  the  first  Monday  of  October  of  that  year, 
the  legal  voters  of  the  several  towns  therein  named  should  deter- 
mine by  ballot  which  of  these  three  towns  should  be  the  shire  town 
and  this  action  resulted  in  the  choice  of  Auburn. 

The  new  county  was  named  for  the  river  Androscoggin  which 
flows  through  it.  Its  main  sources  are  the  Androscoggin  lakes  in 
Franklin  and  Oxford  counties  and  in  recent  years  known  as  the 
Rangeley  Lakes,  the  most  prominent  of  which  are  Rangeley,  Moose- 
lucmaguntic,  Kennebago,  Richardson  and  Umbagog.  The  outlet  of 
these  lakes  form  a  junction  with  the  Magalloway  River  near  the 
New  Hampshire  boundary  line.  For  about  thirty-five  miles  it  flows 
southward  into  the  State  of  New  Hampshire,  then  turns  abruptly 
to  the  south  and  joins  the  river  Kennebec  in  Merrymeeting  Bay. 
This  river  measures  about  200  miles  in  length  from  the  sources  of 
the  Magalloway  River  to  the  sea  coast.2 

The  name  Androscoggin  is  undoubtedly  of  Indian  origin.  The 
tribe  of  the  Abenaque  Indians  which  dwelt  on  the  Androscoggin 
River,  when  it  was  first  discovered  by  the  white  men,  were  known 
as  the  Annasaguinticooks.3  They  were  a  numerous  and  powerful 
tribe  claiming  dominion  of  the  waters  and  lands  of  this  river  from 
its  sources  to  Merrymeeting  Bay,  and  on  the  west  side  of  the  Saga- 
dahoc to  the  sea.4    Their  principal  settlement  and  encampments  was 


C)  Chap.  60  Public  Laws  of  Maine,  1854. 

(■)  Waters  of  Southern  Maine,  Frederick  Oapp,  Washington,  D.  C,  1909. 

(3)  Williamson,  Vol.  2,  p.  457. 

(4)  lb,  p.  466. 

(5)  Hubbard's  Indian  Wars  281-347. 


40        SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL   OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


at  Pejepscot,"  or  what  is  now  the  town  of  Brunswick.  A  short 
distance  above  the  Great  Falls,  they  maintained  a  fort  which  was 
destroyed  by  the  English  in  1690.  They  were  regarded  as  one  of 
the  most  arrogant,  warlike,  and  bitterly  hostile  tribes  in  Maine. 
When  the  first  sound  of  King  Phillip's  war  was  heard  this  tribe 
instantly  invaded  the  plantation  of  Thomas  Purchas,  who  at  Pejep- 
scot was  the  first  settler  in  this  region,  (1628),  destroyed  his  prop- 
erty, killed  his  cattle  and  carried  away  most  of  his  effects." 

The  present  limits  of  Androscoggin  County  embraces  a  territory 
rich  in  historic  interest.  Indian  history  and  legend  interwoven  with 
the  story  of  the  Maine  pioneers  makes  it  a  field  fertile  in  possibilities 
for  the  delver  into  our  early  history. 

There  was  an  Indian  fort  at  the  junction  of  the  two  rivers  on  the 
high  ground  with  the  present  limits  of  the  city  of  Auburn,  which 
was  destroyed  by  Major  Church  in  1690.  It  is  said  that  as  Church's 
men  drove  the  Indians  from  their  fort  they  took  refuge  behind  the 
water  of  the  falls,  but  were  finally  discovered  and  driven  out.  How 
much  of  this  story  is  legend  and  how  much  truth  is  undeterminable 
today. 

Many  other  facts  in  history  and  legends  of  the  redmen  are  cen- 
tered around  the  falls  of  the  Androscoggin  where  now  are  the  bus- 
tling and  enterprising  cities  of  Lewiston  and  Auburn. 

Leeds  was  settled  in  1780  by  Thomas  and  Roger  Stinchfield. 
Benjamin  Merrill  was  the  first  permanent  settler  of  the  town  of 
Greene.  He  came  from  North  Yarmouth  in  November,  1775.  Soon 
after  the  Revolution  a  number  of  the  soldiers  of  that  war  came  to 
the  town  and  became  settlers. 

Minot  with  Poland  and  Old  Auburn  were  included  in  a  grant  from 
Massachusetts  made  to  one  Baker  in  1765,  and  was  originally  called 
Bakerstown.  This  territory  was  incorporated  as  a  town  in  1795 
under  the  name  of  Poland.  Minot  was  set  off  and  incorporated  as 
a  town  in  1802,  receiving  its  name  from  Judge  Minot  who  was  a 
member  of  the  General  Court  of  Massachusetts,  who  was  of  much 
assistance  in  securing  the  act  of  incorporation. 

Wales  was  incorporated  as  a  town  in  1816.  The  first  settler 
appears  to  have  been  James  Ross,  who  came  from  Brunswick  in 
1778;  other  settlers  came  in  soon  after,  among  whom  were  Reuben 
Ham,  Jonathan  and  Alexander  Thompson,  Benjamin  and  Samuel 
Weymouth,  and  William  Rennick,  all  of  whom  settled  before  1785. 
(To  be  continued.) 


(•)  Williamson,  Vol.  1,  p.  466. 


SOME    EARLY    MAINE    JOURNALISTS  41 

Some  Early  Maine  Journalists 

By  Charles  A.  Pilsbury. 

The  first  annual  Newspaper  Institute  held  at  the  University  of 
Maine,  Orono,  April  23d  and  24th — an  outcome  of  the  recent  addi- 
tion to  the  curriculum  of  that  practical  institution  of  learning  of  a 
course  in  journalism,  suggests  mention,  though  necessarily  brief,  of 
some  of  the  early  Maine  newspaper  men  who  won  distinction  abroad. 
First,  because  he  was  the  first  newspaper  man  with  whom  the  pres- 
ent writer  became  familiar  as  a  reader  of  the  New  Mirror,  and 
later  the  Home  Journal,  Nathaniel  Parker  Willis  is  recalled.  He 
was  a  bright  star  in  the  literary  firmament  of  his  day  and  his  light 
still  shines  although  he  died  nearly  half  a  century  ago.  He  was 
born  in  Portland  and  his  father,  Nathaniel  Willis,  was  one  of  the 
publishers  of  the  Eastern  Argus  (weekly)  the  first  number  of 
which  was  issued  Sept.  8,  1803.  He  later  became  prominent  in 
Boston  journalism  and  was  the  founder  of  The  Youth's  Companion. 
Four  members  of  his  family  inherited  great  literary  ability — 
Nathaniel  P.,  the  youngest  son  ;  Richard  Storrs,  editor,  composer 
and  poet ;  Sarah  Payson,  widely  known  by  her  pen  name  of  "Fanny 
Fern,"  and  Julia  Bean,  an  able  book  reviewer,  who  all  her  life  did 
anonymous  literary  work.  Fanny  Fern  was  a  contributor  to  Bon- 
ner's New  York  Ledger,  the  most  widely  circulated  weekly  story 
paper  of  its  day,  but  which,  with  its  many  imitators,  long  since  ceased 
publication.  Nathaniel  Parker  Willis  is  included  in  the  American 
Men  of  Letters  series  published  by  Houghton,  Mifflin  &  Co., 
Boston,  and  this  firm  also  published  a  few  years  ago  a  collection  of 
his  writings.  He  was  the  author  of  several  books,  the  best  known ; 
"Pencilings  by  the  Way"  and  "Letters  from  Under  a  Bridge."  The 
first  named  told  of  his  travels  abroad,  where  he  was  entertained  by 
the  nobility  and  the  most  distinguished  people  of  that  day.  He  died 
on  his  61  st  birthday,  Jan.  20,  1867,  at  his  beautiful  estate,  Idle-wild- 
on-Hudson. 

George  Stillman  Hillard,  lawyer,  editor,  poet  and  distinguished 
man  of  letters,  was  the  grandson  of  George  Stillman,  one  of  the 
earliest  and  most  distinguished  citizens  of  Machias.  He  settled  there 
as  early  as  1769  and  assisted  in  building  the  first  meetinghouse.  Mr. 
Hillard  was  born  in  Machias  in  1808,  graduated  from  Harvard  in 
1828,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Boston  in  1833.  In  that  year 
he  became  one  of  the  editors  of  the  Christian  Register  (Unitarian) 
and  later  was  one  of  the  editors  of  the  Boston  Courier,  the  leading 


42        SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE  HISTORY 


Whig  organ  of  that  day.  He  was  the  author  of  the  "Life  of  John 
Smith,"  "Six  Months  in  Italy,"  etc.,  and  died  in  1879.  Charles  T. 
Congdon  in  his  "Record  of  Fifty  Years  of  Journalism,"  said:  "Mr. 
Hillard,  who  could  write  brilliant  essays,  construct  clever  books 
which  the  committees  were  only  too  glad  to  introduce  into  the 
schools,  tell  in  elegant  language  of  his  travels  in  Italy,  critically  col- 
late the  works  of  Walter  Savage  Landor  and  edit  Chaucer,  proved 
how  little  he  understood  the  science  of  public  affairs,"  etc.  This 
refers  to  Mr.  Hillard's  pro-slavery  attitude  and  his  course  during 
the  agitation  leading  up  to  the  Civil  war,  when  the  Boston  Whigs 
"fell  without  a  murmur,  and  out  of  sheer  fright,  into  the  arms  of 
the  Democratic  party." 

Eastern  Maine  produced  another  journalist  and  author,  no  less 
distinguished,  in  James  Shepherd  Pike  of  Calais.  He  was  engaged 
in  trade,  but  began  writing  because  he  had  something  to  say — first 
in  the  Boundary  Gazette,  published  in  Calais,  then  in  the  Portland 
Advertiser,  the  Boston  Atlas,  the  leading  Whig  paper  in  New  Eng- 
land, and  the  Boston  Courier,  when  it  was  the  leading  daily  news- 
paper this  side  of  New  York.  His  writings  in  the  Courier  attracted 
the  attention  of  Horace  Greeley,  who  wrote  him  this  characteristic 
note :  "Will  you  write  me  some  letters  ?  You  are  writing  such 
abominably  bad  ones  for  the  Boston  Courier  that  I  fancy  you  are 
putting  all  your  unreason  into  them  and  can  give  me  some  of  the 
pure  juice."  This  led  to  Mr.  Pike  becoming  a  regular  contributor 
to  The  Tribune,  and  he  was  always  spoken  of  by  Mr.  Greeley  as  the 
best  political  writer  in  the  country.  During  his  connection  with 
The  Tribune,  in  which  he  became  a  stockholder,  it  was  the  most 
influential  paper  in  this  country  and  its  utterance  carried  more 
weight  with  the  American  people  than  any  newspaper  of  the  present 
day.  In  the  anti-slavery  campaign,  and  during  the  Civil  war,  Mr. 
Pike  was  Mr.  Greeley's  right  hand  man  and  did  valiant  service.  He 
was  a  candidate  for  office  but  once,  when  he  ran  for  Congress  in 
1850  in  the  old  5th  Maine  district  and  was  defeated  by  T.  J.  D. 
Fuller.  In  recognition  of  his  distinguished  services  in  the  cause  of 
the  Union  President  Lincoln  appointed  Mr.  Pike  Minister  to  The 
Hague,  but  after  holding  the  office  for  five  years  he  became  tired  of 
it  and  resigned  to  resume  writing  for  the  press.  During  recon- 
struction in  South  Carolina  he  visited  that  State  and  his  letters  to 
The  Tribune  were  later  published  in  book  form  under  the  title  of 
"The  Prostrate  State.*'  On  his  death  in  1882,  Charles  A.  Dana,  who 
was  associated  with  Mr.  Pike  on  The  Tribune,  paid  him  a  marked 
tribute  in  the  editorial  columns  of  the  New  York  Sun. 


SOME    EARLY    MAINE    JOURNALISTS  43 


Portland  was  the  birthplace  of  James  and  Erastus  Brooks,  dis- 
tinguished journalists  and  prominent  in  politics.  James  studied  law 
in  Portland,  wrote  for  newspapers  and  in  1832  went  to  Washington 
as  a  correspondent  and  was  a  pioneer  in  that  line.  Later  he  became 
the  editor  of  the  Portland  Advertiser  and  travelled  in  Europe,  send- 
ing home  letters  to  the  Advertiser.  On  his  return  he  stopped  in 
New  York  and  arranged  with  parties  there  to  establish  an  evening 
paper,  the  Express,  but  promised  to  return  to  Portland  when  he 
had  placed  his  brother  Erastus  in  charge  and  to  keep  up  his  editorial 
connection  with  both  papers.  He  did  not  return  to  Portland,  how- 
ever, and  soon  became  prominent  in  politics  in  New  \  ork.  He 
served  two  terms  in  Congress  before  the  Civil  War,  was  again  elected 
to  the  House  in  1865  and  served  continuously  until  1873,  and  died 
in  that  year.  His  brother  Erastus  edited  the  Yankee  at  Wiscasset 
and  later  the  Gazette  at  Haverhill,  Mass.,  and  about  1840  went  to 
Washington  as  correspondent  for  several  New  York  papers.  He 
was  nominated  by  the  Democrats  for  Governor  of  New  York,  but 
was  defeated.  He  served  several  terms  in  the  legislature  of  the 
Empire  State  and  was  quite  as  prominent  in  public  life  as  his  brother 
James,  with  whom  he  was  associated  in  the  publication  of  the  Even- 
ing Express.  The  paper  was  successful  under  their  management 
and  later  was  consolidated  with  the  Mail,  an  evening  paper. 

George  Mellville  W'eston  was  born  in  Augusta  in  1816,  graduated 
from  Bowdoin  in  1834,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1837.  He 
practiced  law  in  Augusta  for  five  years  and  edited  The  Age,  the 
leading  Democratic  organ  in  the  State,  until  after  the  campaign  of 
1844,  "in  which  he  won  distinction  as  a  political  writer  of  great 
intellectual  ability."  He  then  moved  to  Bangor,  where  he  continued 
the  practice  of  law  and  was  engaged  in  editorial  work.  Later  he 
went  to  Washington  and  was  the  editor  of  Free  Soil  papers  that 
succeeded  The  National  Era,  and  was  the  first  editor  of  The  National 
Republican.  He  was  the  author  of  books  on  money,  silver  and 
slavery  which  gave  him  a  wide  reputation  as  a  writer  of  signal 
ability.    He  died  in  1887. 

This  list  might  be  extended  indefinitely.  Portland  was  the  birth- 
place of  many  distinguished  journalists  in  addition  to  those  men- 
tioned, and  there  were  many  graduates  from  the  Portland  Advertiser 
who  achieved  success  in  other  fields.  It  should  also  be  said  that  in 
more  recent  years,  and  at  the  present  time,  Maine  newspaper  men 
have  well  maintained  the  prestige  of  the  past,  and  the  new  school  of 
journalism  will  no  doubt  add  to  their  numbers. 


SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 

PUBLISHED      QUARTERLY 


Entered   as   second    class   matter   at    the    post   office,    JJover,    Maine,    by   Jo'hn 
Francis   Sprag-ue,    Editor   and   Publisher. 

Terms:     For  all   numbers  issued  during-  the  year,    including-  an   index  and  all 
special   issues,   $1.00.     Sing-He   copies,   25  cents.     Bound   volumes   of  same,    $1.75. 
•   Bound  volumes  of  Vol.  I,  $2.50.     Vol.   I  (bound1)  will  be  furnished  to  new  sub- 
scribers  to  the  Journal  for  $2.00. 

Postage   prepaid   on   all   items. 

Commencing-  with  Vol.  3,   the  terms  will  be  $1.00  only  to  subscribers  who   pay 
in  advance,  otherwise  $1.50. 


"The  lives  of  former  generations  are  a  lesson  to  posterity;  that 
a  man  may  review  the  remarkable  events  which  have  happened  to 
others,  and  be  admonished ;  and  may  consider  the  history  of  people 
of  preceding  ages,  and  of  all  that  hath  befallen  them,  and  be  restrained. 
Extolled  be  the  perfection  of  Him  who  hath  thus  ordained  the  his- 
tory of  former  generations  to  be  a  lesson  to  those  which  follow." 
— Tales  of  a  Thousand  and  One  Nights. 


Vol.  Ill  MAY,  1915  No.  1 


Maine  History  as  a  Popular  Study 

The  newspapers  of  Maine  generally  are  entitled  to  much  credit 
and  deserve  more  than  ordinary  commendation  for  their  efforts 
along  the  lines  of  enhancing  public  interest  in  the  study  and  research 
of  Maine  history. 

The  Eastern  Argus  of  Portland  maintains  a  department  each 
week  devoted  exclusively  to  Maine  historical  and  genealogical  sub- 
jects and  the  Bar  Harbor  Times  is  also  doing  valuable  work  of  a 
similar  nature. 

But  none  of   them  excel   the   Lewiston  Journal  in  this  respect. 

On  January  i  of  the  present  year  its  publishers  issued  a  circular 
addressed  "To  the  Members  of  the  Maine  Federation  of  Women's 
Clubs,"  proposing  to  the  club  women  of  Maine  "a  prize  contest" 
the  object  being  "to  stimulate  the  club  women  to  study  the  history 
of  their  own  town."  The  only  conditions  were  that  (i)  the  article 
was  to  be  written  by  a  club  woman  belonging  to  the  Federation  and 
(2)  that  the  subject  should  be  a  local  historical  topic,  or  of  some 
personage  or  family  connected  with  local  history,  and  that  the  article 
was  to  be  illustrated  by  at  least  two  pictures,.  It  was  announced 
that  the  points  that  would  count  in  the  judging  would  be  (1)  his- 
torical value;  (2)  vivacity  of  style;  (3)  originality  of  treatment: 
(4)  the  human  interest  in  the  story. 


MAINE   HISTORY   AS   A   POPULAR   STUDY  45 

Such  efforts  to  popularize  the  study  of  Maine  history  are  assuredly 
worthy  of  public  approval. 

It  is  just  such  work  as  this  that  the  school  officers  of  Maine,  from 
the  salaried  state  superintendent  to  the  school  committees  of  the 
smallest  towns  and  plantations,  should  engage  in  and  direct  the 
teaches  of  the  state  to  attend  to. 

It  is  now  two  years  since,  that  by  the  publication  of  the  Journal, 
we  began  to  be  in  close  touch  with  public  sentiment  in  Maine  regard- 
ing this  matter.  The  result  of  our  experience  and  observation  is 
that  in  our  opinion  as  we  have  before  mentioned  the  press  of  Maine 
is  friendly  to  this  cause  and  ready  at  all  times  to  give  it  generous 
space  and  words  of  cheer  and  encouragement ;  and  also  we  find 
many  in  the  professions  and  in  business  circles,  many  publicists 
and  patriotic,  public  spirited  and  progressive  citizens,  who  love  the 
fair  name  of  the  Pine  Tree  State,  who  revere  her  history  and  her 
traditions  and  who  are  in  hearty  accord  with  it  all. 

Especially  is  this  true  of  the  members  of  the  legal  profession  and 
the  clergy-  of  the  State,  and  it  should  be  added  that  not  the  least 
among  the  latter  who  manifest  a  deep  interest  in  Maine's  early 
history  are  the  clergymen  of  the  Catholic  faith.  And  yet  from 
our  view  point  candor  constrains  us  to  assert  that  while  there  are 
notable  exceptions  among  the  school  officers  and  teachers,  we  believe 
the  public  school  system  of  Maine  as  a  whole  is  sadly  neglectful 
and  inexcusably  indifferent  in  its  appreciation  of  the  importance 
and  value  of  giving  this  study  the  place  that  it  deserves  in  the  school 
curriculum. 

Mr.  DeForest  H.  Perkins,  Superintendent  of  Schools  for  the  city 
of  Portland,  is  fully  recognized  as  one  of  the  ablest  school  officers 
in  New  England.  In  a  recent  conversation  with  the  writer  he  ex- 
pressed himself  as  in  hearty  accord  with  any  movement  that  could 
be  made  to  encourage  the  study  of  Maine  history  in  our  public 
schools. 

Undoubtedly  the  need  of  a  text  book  relating  to  the  study  of 
Maine  history,  one  that  is  brief,  concise  and  comprehensive  and 
written  in  a  style  that  would  be  attractive  to  youthful  minds  and 
not  be  pronounced  "dry  reading,"  is  urgent  and  possibly  a  partial 
cause  for  this  unsatisfactory,  if  not  to  say  deplorable  state  of  affairs. 
That  such  a  book  is  required  is  apparent  but  it  is  only  the  school 
department  of  the  state  that  can  create  a  real  demand  for  it. 


46        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE  HISTORY 


The  present  issue  of  the  Journal  is  the  first  part  of  the  third 
volume,  which  begins  under  the  most  favorable  auspices.  It  is 
the  emphatic  intention  of  the  Journal  to  keep  its  pages  largely 
devoted  to  subjects  relative  to  early  Maine  history.  Yet  it  is 
just  as  much  the  proper  work  of  such  a  publication  to  make  a 
record  of  important  events,  enterprises  and  men  of  note  of  the 
present  period  to  be  preserved  for  the  use  of  future  generations 
as  it  is  to  make  research  of  similar  events,  enterprises  and  men 
of  note  of  the  past  centuries. 

Our  space  will  probably  never  permit  us  to  do  very  much  along 
the  lines  of  the  former  yet  we  do  hope  to  do  something  occasion- 
ally in  this  direction.  The  article  in  this  issue  relative  to  the 
Honorable  Peter  Charles  Keegan,  one  of  the  strong  men  of  the 
Maine  of  today,  is  an  earnest  of  what  we  hope  to  do. 

The  next  number  which  will  be  an  extra  one  and  will  not  inter- 
fere at  all  with  the  continuity  of  the  four  regular  quarterly  num- 
bers, will  also  be  a  feature  in  this  same  course  of  action  as  it 
will  be  devoted  exclusively  to  the  past  and  present  history  of  the 
booming   fackman   and   Moose  River  Region. 


Notes  and  Fragments 

The  General  Knox  Chapter  D.  A.  R.  of  Thomaston,  Maine  is 
making  a  most  commendable  effort  to  raise  funds  to  erect  a  Knox 
Memorial  building  in  honor  of  the  memory  of  General  Knox  and 
to  be  used  as  a  Museum  of  Arts  and  Sciences. 

A  circular  recently  issued  by  this  Chapter,  saysi:  If  time  had 
spared  "Montpelier,"  the  fine  mansion  which  at  the  close  of  the 
Revolution  Knox  built  on  the  banks  of  the  Georges  at  Thomaston, 
Maine,  and  where  he  entertained  many  distinguished  guests,  we 
should  have  such  a  memorial,  second  in  historic  interest  only  to 
Mount  Vernon.  Montpelier,  unhappily,  is  gone,  but  much  of  its 
furniture  and  many  other  relics  of  Knox  and  his  period  are  still 
carefully  preserved  by  his  descendants,  or  scattered  in  various 
homes  in  and  about  Thomaston,  and  a  large  part  of  these  could  be 
brought  together  by  gift  or  loan,  if  there  existed  a  safe  and  suitable 
building  in  which  they  could  be  housed  and  exhibited  to  the  public. 

Contributions  and  pledges  may  be  sent  to  either  Miss  Emma  G. 
Shields,  Treasurer  of  the  Knox  Academy  of  arts  and  Sciences,  76 
Broad  street,  Rockland ;  or  to  Mrs.  Richard  O.  Elliot,  Regent  Gen- 
eral Knox  Chapter,  D.  A.  R.,  Thomaston. 


NOTES  AND  FRAGMENTS  47 

All  money  received  for  the  purposes  set  forth  in  this  circular, 
will  be  placed  on  deposit  in  the  Rockland  and  Thomaston  banks 
to  the  credit  of  the  Knox  Memorial  Building  Fund,  and  will  not  be 
drawn  upon  for  any  other  purpose. 

The  State  of  Maine  is  far  behind  all  of  its  older  sister  states  in 
appropriating  money  for  the  preservation  of  historic  sites  and 
places.  Its  policy  has  always  been  painfully  and  absurdly  conser- 
vative in  this  regard.  But  it  is  only  a  question  of  time  before  there 
shall  be  an  awakening  of  the  people  along  these  lines.  When  it 
comes  this  important  movement  will  receive  the  State  aid  that  it  cer- 
tainly deserves. 


Charles  Horace  Nelson  of  Waterville  was  born  in  Palermo, 
Maine,  in  1833,  and  died  at  Togus,  March  30,  191 5.  He  was  long 
known  among  his  friends  and  the  fraternity  of  "horse  men"  gen- 
erally as  "Hod"  Nelson. 

Before  the  State  became  noted  for  producing  immense  crops  of 
potatoes  and  its  dairying  industry  there  was  a  period  in  the  agri- 
cultural history  of  the  State,  (1880-1895)  when  Maine  enjoyed  a 
veritable  horse-breeding  boom,  and  for  a  decade  at  least  Maine's 
fast  trotting  horses  had  a  world-wide  fame.  Very  much  of  this 
condition  was  due  to  M.r.  Nelson  and  his  horse  Nelson. 

The  respective  careers  of  Nelson  the  man,  owner,  breeder,  driver 
and  race  track  habitue ;  and  Nelson  the  horse,  a  superb  beast  that 
was  the  world's  champion  trotting  stallion  for  a  time  added  greatly 
to  the  fame  of  the  Pine  Tree  State  as  a  great  horse  breeding  section 
of  the  country. 

He  was  a  unique  character,  positive  in  his  nature,  forceful,  and 
in  some  ways  eccentric.  His  life  was  more  or  less  a  checkered  one; 
he  had  served  as  a  soldier  in  the  Union  Army  in  two  Maine  regi- 
ments and  was  a  member  of  the  G.  A.  R. 

Probably  no  human  being  ever  loved  a  speechless  animal  more 
fervently  than  did  Hod  Nelson  love  the  horse  that  bore  his  name. 

He  will  long  be  remembered  for  sterling  qualities  and  this  deep 
and  somewhat  remarkable  affection  for,  and  devotion  to  his  horse, 
is  among  the  most  beautiful  of  them. 


"Three  years  a  Volunteer  Soldier  in  the  Civil  War,  Antietam  to 
Appomattox,"  is  the  title  of  an  exceedingly  interesting  brochure  by 
Honorable  George  D.   Bisbee  of  Rumford  Falls,   Maine,  that   the 


48        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL   OF   MAINE  HISTORY 


Journal  has  recently  received  from  the  author.  It  comprises  a  paper 
that  he  read  May  9,  1910,  before  the  Commandery  of  the  State  of 
Maine,  Military  Order  of  the  Loyal  Legion  of  the  United  States, 
and  is  devoted  to  a  graphic  description  of  some  of  his  personal 
experience  as  a  second  lieutenant  of  the  Sixteenth  Maine  regiment, 
which  includes  the  story  of  his  life  of  nearly  two  years  in  Libby 
and  other  Confederate  prisons.  It  is  a  valuable  contribution  to  the 
military  literature  of  Maine. 


Mr.  G.  T.  Ridlon,  Sr.,  in  a  recent  communication  to  the  historical 
department  of  the  Eastern  Argus,  having  stated  therein  that  he  had 
recently  been  in  Boston  and  Providence  engaged  in  historical  and 
genealogical  research,  remarks : 

In  passing  will  say  that  genealogical  research  by  one  whose  taste  leads  them 
into  these  fields  affords  one  of  the  best  opportunities  for  the  acquisition  ot 
historical,  genealogical  and  general  information.  For  the  last  two  months 
I  have  been  in  the  company  of  sages,  philosophers,  poets,  saints,  judges, 
sculptors,  great  generals  and  engineers  ;  indeed  I  have  made  mental  excur- 
sions across  many  seas,  visiting  many  foreign  lands  and  living  over  the 
decades,  that  long  ago  passed  into  the  vanished  of  the  eternities.  This  while 
handling  about  two  thousand  ponderous  volumes  of  foreign  books. 


Honorable  Hiram  Knowlton,  one  of  the  oldest  members  of  the 
Maine  Bar  and  a  type  of  Maine's  high  and  staunch  citizenship,  died 
in  Portland,  Maine,  April  6,  191 5.  Mr.  Knowlton  lived  to  the 
advanced  age  of  92  years,  having  been  born  in  New  Portland, 
Maine,  August  17,  1823.  He  was  the  son  of  William  and  Mary 
(Chapman)  Knowlton,  and  a  grandson,  on  his  mother's  side,  of 
Nathaniel  Chapman,  who  served  four  and  one-half  years  in  the  War 
of  the  Revolution.  In  his  early  life  he  practiced  law  in  the  towns 
of  Mercer  and  Skowhegan;  he  moved  to  the  city  of  Portland  in 
1874,  where  he  resided  until  the  time  of  his  death.  He  was  one  of 
the  founders  of  the  Republican  party  in  this  state,  and  in  the  early 
days  was  active  in  political  affairs,.  He  was  Clerk  of  Courts  of 
Somerset  County  1863-8  and  was  Treasurer  of  that  County  from 
1859  to  iS6g. 

I  Ie  was  a  member  of  the  Maine  House  of  Representatives  1873-4 
and  a  member  of  Governor  P'erham's  executive  council  in  1871 
and  was  a  member  of  the  State  Valuation  Commission  for  Cum- 
berland County  and  its  chairman  in  1890.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Board  of  Trustees  of  Bates  College  and  the  Maine  Central  Insti- 


NOTES  AND  FRAGMENTS  49 

tute  and  President  of  the  International  Telegraph  Company.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity  and  the  Free  Baptist 
Church. 

During  his  life  he  was  a  zealous  advocate  of  prohibition  and  was 
attorney  for  the  civic  League  and  other  temperance  organizations. 

When  Hannibal  Hamlin  was  a  great  political  leader  in  this  state 
Mr.  Knowlton  was  for  many  years  one  of  his  ablest  and  most 
trusted  friends  and  lieutenants  in  his  political  campaigns. 


The  Journal  has  received  the  following  interesting  letter  from 
Judge  Edgar  C.  Smith,  Corresponding  Secretary  of  the  Piscataquis 
County  Historical  Society. 

Dover,   Maine,  May   n,   191 5. 
Editor  Spraguefs  Journal  of  Maine  History: 

Our  society  has  recently  received  the  report  of  the  State  His- 
torian for  1913-1914,  and  I  have  read  the  same  with  interest. 

Dr.  Burrage  is  doing  a  much  needed  work  for  our  state,  limited 
as  he  is  by  the  lack  of  financial  assistance  by  way  of  state  appro- 
priation. 

On  page  9,  et  seq.,  he  refers  to  the  northeastern  boundary  con- 
troversy and  says :  "Maine's  part  in  that  controversy  has  never 
been  told  with  that  fullness  and  exactness  which  a  matter  of  so 
much  importance  demands."  He  speaks  of  the  sketch  of  the  con- 
troversy written  by  Governor  Washburn,  and  remarks  that  but 
little  attention  has  been  given  to  Maine's  part  in  this  matter  of  so 
much  national  and  historical  importance.  He  mentions  the  four 
volumes  of  manuscript  documents  in  the  State  Library  and  com- 
ments upon  their  great  historical  value.  He  devotes  nearly  half  of 
his  report  of  nine  pages  to  the  subject  of  the  northeastern  boundary, 
and  yet  he  never  mentions  the  work  that  our  society  has  done  in 
the  direction  of  writing  and  preserving  the  historv  of  that  contro- 
versy. 

In  Vol.  I,  of  our  Collections,  published  in  1910,  over  200  pages 
are  devoted  to  the  topic  and  the  publication  of  those  very  docu- 
ments which  he  refers  to  as  being  in  the  State  Library,  and  as  an 
introduction  to  the  documentary  history  is  an  article  of  about  70 
printed  pages,  written  by  our  president,  John  Francis  Sprague, 
which  is  the  most  complete,  concise  and  accurate  historical  account 
of  the  Aroostook  War  and  the  Northeastern  Boundary  Controversy 
ever  written. 


5o        SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE  HISTORY 

I  can  agree  with  Dr.  Burrage  that  there  is  still  a  great  deal  more 
to  be  done  in  this  direction,  but  our  society  has  made  a  start  and  all 
we  are  waiting  for  is  a  little  more  assistance  from  the  state  to  push 
the  publication  of  these  documents  on  to  completion,  so  that  they 
may  be  readily  available  to  all  historical  students. 

Yours  respectfully, 

EDGAR  C.  SMITH, 

Corresponding  Secretary. 


Sayings  of  Subscribers 

General  Augustus    B.   Farnham,   Bangor,   Maine : 
"I  regard  Sprague's  journal  as  a  most  valuable  publication  and 
believe  it  contains  much  that  is  of  value  and  worthy  of  preserva- 
tion." 


Mr.  P.  S.  Heald,  Waterville,  Maine : 

"I  have  found  the  two  Volumes  of  Sprague's  Journal  that  have 
been  sent  me  very  interesting  and  valuable." 


Reverend   George  A.   Martin,   St.  Johnsbury,   Vt. : 

"Accept  my  heartiest  congratulations  on  the  splendid  work  which 

you  are  doing  in  connection  with  the  Journal. 

"Among  all  the  papers  and  magazines  which  come  to  me,  there 

is  none  more  highly  prized  than  the  Journal." 


Mrs.  Janet  Harding  Blackford,  Machias,  Maine : 
"I  have  enjoyed  the  Journal  very  much  and  especially  the  excel- 
lent article  on  Colonel  John  Allan  in  the  February  number." 


Honorable  Clarence   Hale,   Portland,   Maine: 

"I  have  read  with  great  interest  your  article  on  Colonel  John 
Allan,  in  Sprague's  Journal  of  Maine  History  for  February.^) 
It  is  of  real  value,  historically.  Your  Journal  is  of  increasing  value 
all  the  time. 

(')     Vol.  2,  p.  233. 


SAYINGS  OF   SUBSCRIBERS  51 


Mrs.  Josephine  Richards,  Newcastle,  Indiana : 

Am  much  interested  in  the  Journal.  The  notes  on  the  Aroostook 
War  reminded  me  that  the  musket  carried  in  that  war  by  George 
French,  my  father's  brother,  a  boy,  probably  18  years  ago,  is  in 
my  home  in  this,  western  state. 


Honorable  Daniel  Lewis.   Skowhegan,  Maine : 

"I  herewith  enclose  my  check  for  one  dollar  to  renew  my  sub- 
scription to  your  very  interesting  Journal  of  Maine  History.  Don't 
I  remember  the  old  Moose  Horn  guide  post  and  rejoice  that  a  new 
Moose  Horn  has  taken  its  place,  since  we  can  no  longer  have  the 
old  one? 

Don't  I  remember  the  old  fashioned  cider  apple  sauce,  and  join 
in  the  regrets  that  the  making  of  it  appears  to  be  among  the  lost 
arts?" 


New  Mount  Kineo  House  and  Annex 

/V\oosehee»d    LeiRe-,  Kineo,  Maine 

In  the  Centre  of  the  Great  Wilderness  on  a   Peninsula  Under  the 
Shadow  of  Mount  Kineo 

On  the  east  side  of  the  most  beautiful  lake  in  New  England,  forty 
miles  long  and  twenty  miles  wide,  dotted  with  islands,  and  with  hundreds 
of  smaller  lakes  and  streams  in  easy  proximity,  in  the  midst  of  some  of  the 
grandest  scenery  in  America,  is  the 

NEW  MOUNT  KINEO  HOUSE  and  ANNEX 

recently  remodeled  and  with  many  improvements  added;  making  it  second  to  none  for 
comfort,  convenience  and  recreation. 

It  is  a  Palace  in  the  Maine  woods  and  in  the  heart  of  the  great  game  region. 

This  region  leads  all  others  for  trout  and  salmon,  Spring  and  Summer  fishing. 

The    NEW    MOUNT    KINEO    HOUSE    opens    June    27,    remaining 
open    to  September  28th.     New  Annex  opens   May    16,    closes    Sept.  28 


WRITE   FOR   ILLUSTRATED   BOOKLET, 

containing  full  description  of  its  attractions  for  health  and  pleasure  during  the  Summer 
season,     first-class  transportation  facilities  offered  during  the  seasons. 

Ricker  Hotel  Company,  Kineo,  Maine, 

C.   f\.  JUDK1NS,    Manager. 


SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


Pleasantly  situated  in  the  beautiful  village 
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Jackman  and  the  Moose  River  Region 


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Office  Devices 

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Card  Index  Systems 

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W'P   fl.nvf    nn^itivrp   r-virlpnr^   r>f    thf»    rpltshilitv   r\i  +Vi*>   orlirAt-fit 


CONTENTS  53 


Squaw  mountain  1Tnn 

Moosehead  Lake's  New  Hotel 

AUTO     ROAD  GARAGE 


Best  Place  in  Northern  Maine  for  you  Auto  Trip  Dinner 

Long  Distance  Telephone  Telegraph  Service.  Two  Mails  Daily 

Equipped  with   modern  furnishings  throughout; 

steam  heat;    electric  lights ;  baths;  spring  water 

In  the  Heart  of  Fishing  and   Hunting  Region,  and  within  two  miles  of 

the  Bangor  &   Aroostook   and  Canadian  Pacific  R.  R. 

Stations  at  Greenville  Junction 

ARTHUR  A.  CRAFTS,  Proprietor 
HORACE  W.  NEWENHAM,  Manager 

(Sreenville  Junction,        -        flDaine 

YEARS  THE    INSURANCE    MAN 
OF    SOMERSET  COUNTY 

Never  a  Failure—Never  a  Lawsuit 
What  More  Do  You  Want? 

Charles  Folsom-Jones 

SKOWHEGAN 

CONTENTS 

Jackman  and  the  Moose  River  Region 55 

Jackman's  Live  Business  Men 73 

The  Catholic  Church  and  Its  Schools 74 

Abram    Newton    75 

Correspondence    "jj 

Maine  Local  Histories  80 


54        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE  HISTORY 


Lumber  Mills  of  the  Jackman  Lumber  Co., 
Jackman,   Maine. 


Sprague's  Journal  of  Maine    History 

Vol.  Ill  JULY,  1915  No.  2 

Jackman  and  the  Moose  River 
Region 

By  the  Editor. 

On  the  northwesterly  side  of  the  State  of  Maine,  in  a  north- 
easterly direction  from  the  Rangeley  Lakes,  up  in  a  vast  wilder- 
ness among  the  mountains  of  Canada  and  back  of  the  boundary 
range  of  mountains,  (')  may  be  found  the  sources  of  Moose  River 
which  flows  in  an  easterly  direction  and  empties  into  Moosehead 
Lake.  Near  its  mouth  at  this  lake  is  the  pretty  village  of  Rock- 
wood,  at  the  terminus  of  the  Maine  Central  Railroad. 

The  valley  up  and  down  this  river,  its  streams,  ponds,  lakes, 
hills,  meadows,  sporting  camps,  farms  and  villages,  with  the  moun- 
tainous grandeur  in  the  distance,  altogether  constitute  one  of  the 
real  beauty  spots  in  the  wilderness  country  of  Maine  It  possesses 
a  charm  peculiar  to  itself,  incomparable  with  any  other  ;  a  unique- 
ness that  is  pronounced  and  instantly  impresses  the  stranger  who 
visits  that  region.  He  knows  it,  feels  it,  and  at  once  becomes  a 
part  of  it,  and  is  obsessed  with  a  spirit  of  its  varied  beauty.  Its 
nearness    to    forests    and    wild    life,    its    culture,    its    churches,    its 


O  The  boundary  range  of  mountains  are  about  fifteen  miles,  westerly 
from  Jackman  and  Moose  River  plantations,  and  are  a  section  of  the  boun- 
dary line  between  Maine  and  Canada,  and  divide  the  waters  which  on  the 
westerly  side  flow  into  the  St.  Lawrence,  from  those  on  the  easterly  side 
which  flow  into  the  State  of  Maine.  They  are  a  part  of  the  "highlands" 
mentioned  in  the  Treaty  of  17S3  and  this  word  highlands  was  the  storm 
center  of  the  North  Eastern  Boundary  Controversy  between  the  English 
and  American  Governments  for  more  than  a  half  century  and  which  was 
so  serious  at  one  time  that  a  war  between  the  two  governments  was  barely 
averted. 

The  Americans  construed  the  word  highlands  as  meaning  any  ridge  of 
land  that  divided  the  waters  whether  actually  high  hills,  and  mountains  or 
otherwise.  The  English  contention  was  that  its  proper  definition  was  a 
high  and  mountainous  region  like  the  "highlands"  of  Scotland.  The  dispute 
raged  and  was  acute  until  it  was  finally  settled  by  the  Webster-Ashburton 
Treaty  in   1842. 

(See  Collections  of  the  Piscataquis  Historical  Society,  Vol.  1,  pp.  216-441.) 


56        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE  HISTORY 

schools  and  its  industrial  activities  so  strongly  blended  with  and 
unseparated    from    the    primeval,    enraptures    him. 

The  river  is  about  60  miles  long  and  is  notable  for  one  rather 
curious  feature,  which  is,  that  it  is  a  continuation  of  ponds  and 
lakes  'but  which  are  really  only  enlargements  of  the  one  river. 

The  early  settlers,  the  explorers,  the  lumbermen,  guides,  hunters 
and  map  makers,  have  all  given  these  enlargements  of  Moose  River 
district  names  and  seemed  to  treat  them  as  separate  sheets  of  water. 

You  have  Attean  Pond"  and  the  Wood  ponds,  Long  Pond  and 
Brassua  Lake,  but  after  all  they  are  only  enlarged  parts  of  this 
unique  river. 

When  the  first  voyagers  arrived  on  the  coast  of  Maine  in  the 
early  days  of  the  seventeenth  century,  they  explored  routes  for 
a  highway  from  this  coast  to  Quebec  in  Canada.  For  more  than 
two  centuries  it  was  a  dream  of  the  Colonists  of  New  England 
which  was  never  realized  until  the  present  road  from  the  Kenne- 
bec to  Quebec  was  opened  to  the  public.  This  road  was  first  sur- 
veyed and  laid  out  by  virtue  of  a  resolve  passed  by  the  Legislature 
of  Massachusetts,  June  12,  181 7.  The  Legislature  of  Maine  did 
not  act  upon  this  matter  until  the  session  of  1826  when  it  passed 
a  resolve  authorizing  the  Governor  and  Council  to  appoint  an 
agent  for  "the  purpose  of  opening  or  causing  to  be  cleared  and 
made  passable,  the  road  called  the  Kennebec  road,  north  of  the 
million  acre,3  in  the  county  of  Somerset." 

The  session  of  1827  passed  a  "Resolve  relative  to  the  State 
Road  north  of  the  Bingham  Purchase."  This  resolve  authorized 
the  Governor  and  Council  to  appoint  one  or  more  agents  "to 
examine  the  road  from  the  north  line  of  the  Bingham  Purchase, 
in  the  county  of  Somerset  to  the  line  of  this  State."  It  also  pro- 
vided that  these  agents  should  cause  to  be  made  so  much  of  said 
road,  as  passes  over  land  belonging  to  this  State,  and  one-half  of 
so  much  of  said  road  as  passes  over  land  belonging  to  this  State 
and  Massachusetts  jointly,  safe  and  convenient  for  travellers,  with 
their  horses,  carts,  sleighs  and  carriages.  It  also  provided  for  the 
sale  of  a  township  six  miles  square  of  the  state  lands  the  proceeds 
of  which  should  be  used  for  this  purpose. 

(2)  Also  known  as  Lake  Attean. 

(3)  The  Kennebec  Bingham  Purchase  was  formerly  known  locally  as 
the  "Million   Acres." 


JACKMAN    AND    THE   MOOSE   RIVER   REGION       57 

On  January  2?,  1827,  George  Evans4  made  a  report  to  the  Legis- 
lature relative  to  this  road  in  which  it  is  stated  that  the  object 
to  which  the  favorable  attention  of  the  Legislature  is  solicited,  has 
for  a  long  period  been  regarded  worthy  of  public  patronage  by 
the  government  of  Massachusetts  and  this  State.  The  following 
are  excerpts  from  same : 

By  virtue  of  a  resolve  passed  by  the  Legislature  of  Massachusetts,  in  June, 
1817,  the  commissioners,  for  the  sale  and  settlement  of  the  public  lands, 
caused  a  road  to  be  surveyed  during  the  same  year,  from  the  north  line  of 
the  Bingham  Purchase,  in  the  county  of  Somerset,  to  the  boundary  line 
between  this  state,  and  Canada,  in  a  direction  toward  the  city  of  Quebec. 
The  sum  of  five  thousand  dollars  appropriated  by  the  same  resolve,  was  soon 
after  expended  under  the  direction  of  the  commissioners,  in  opening  the 
road  which  had  been  thus  surveyed.  Little  more,  however,  was  accomplished 
at  that  time,  than  cutting  down  the  trees  and  smaller  growth  and  the  erec- 
tion of  a  substantial  bridge  at  Moose  River  

the   road   yet   remaining   unfinished,   and   although   it    has 

been  occasionally  used  by  drovers,  who  have  found  a  favorable  market  in 
the  British  Provinces  for  horses  and  cattle,  it  is  wholly  impassable  for 
carriages ;  and  the  benefits  anticipated  from  its  establishment,  have  been 
but   in   small   degree   realized. 

In  1828  a  resolve  was  passed  authorizing  further  exploration  of 
unfinished  parts  of  the  road. 

In   1830  the  Legislature  passed  the   following: 

Resolved,  That  the  sum  of  four  thousand  and  one  hundred  dollars,  in 
addition  to  the  unexpended  balance  of  last  year,  be,  and  hereby  is  appro- 
priated for  the  purpose  of  making  and  completing,  in  a  manner,  convenient 
for  .carriages  to  pass  thereon,  that  part  of  the  Canada  road  so  called,  which 
is  now  unfinished,  the  same  being  about  nine  miles  on  the  route  examined 
and  reported  by  Messrs.  Redington,  Sewall  and  Smith,  situated  in  this 
State  between  the  Canada  line  and  the  north  line  of  the  Bingham  Purchase. 
The  same  resolve  also  appointed  Charles  Miller,  of  Waldoborough,  and  John 
C.  Glidden,  of  Freedom,  agents  to  perform  this  work. 

February  25,  1831,  Francis  O.  J.  Smith,5  chairman  of  a  special 
legislative  committee  to  whom  was  referred  the  resolve  in  favor 
of  Miller  and  Glidden  made  an  exhaustive  report  reciting  a  history 
of  the  road,  of  the  alterations  that  had  been  made  in  it  and  of  the 
relations  and  obligations   of  Massachusetts  relative  to  it. 


(4)  Honorable  George  Evans  of  Gardiner,  Maine,  afterwards  (1841- 
1847)  U.  S.  Senator  from  the  State  of  Maine. 

(5)  Honorable  Francis.  O.  J.  Smith  of  Portland,  Maine,  a  prominent 
public  man  of  that  time.  He  was  a  lawyer,  politician  and  journalist  and 
Member  of  Congress  three  terms   (1833-1839.) 


58        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


In  1832  Jarius  S.  Keith,  chairman  of  a  special  committee  made 
a  report  to  the  Senate  regarding  matters  in  dispute  about  the  road, 
a  considerable  portion  of  which  was  in  reference  to  changing  its 
course  so  that  it  would  run  west  of  Bald  Mountain.  In  this  report 
it  was  stated  that  Quebec  had  already  become  an  important  market 

for  the  sale  of  Maine  cattle,  horses  and  sheep that  1,394 

beef  cattle,  249  horses,  956  sheep,  and  14  tons  of  fresh  fish,  passed 
over  that  road  for  the  Quebec  market,  between  the  first  day  of 
January  and  the  31st  day  of  December,  183 1.  This  information 
was  obtained  from  the  Custom  House  officer  stationed  on  this  road. 

The  following  is  one  of  the  reports  of  the  agents  appointed  to 
open  this  road  made  to  the  Governor  and  Council  in  1830,  and  ex- 
plains the  situation  at  that  time  so  clearly  and  concisely  that  we 
copy  it  in  full : 

REPORT. 

To  the  Governor  and  Council  of  the  State  of  Maine: 

The  undersigned,  Agents  appointed  on  the  first  day  of  March,  A.  D.  1828, 
under  the  Resolve  passed  the  24th  of  January,  of  the  same  year,  entitled, 
"Resolve  relating  to  the  State  road  north  of  the  Bingham  purchase;"  other- 
wise called  the  Canada  road,  to  make  or  cause  to  he  made  under  their 
personal  superintendence  the  road  aforesaid,  now  submit  their  accounts 
for  settlement,  with  the  following  report  of  their  doings  and  the  present 
situation   of   the   road. 

Under  the  authority  of  the  Resolve  aforesaid,  the  Agents  selected  the 
Township  Xo.  I,  2d  Range  North  of  the  Bingham  purchase,  containing 
18,284  acres,  and  the  same  was  sold  on  the  day  of  July,   1828,  by  the 

Land  Agent,  on  credit,  at  thirty  cents  per  acre,  amounting  to  $5,485.20,  of 
which  sum  $5,coo  was  appropriated  by  the  Resolve,  for  making  the  road, 
together  with  $4,187.60,  the  proceeds  of  the  sale  of  the  township  granted  by 
Massachusetts,  total  amount  of  the  appropriation  $9,187.60,  exclusive  of 
interest,  which  has  amounted  to  $291.11  on  the  sale  of  the  land  appropri- 
ated by  Maine,  and  $318.65  on  that  granted  by  Massachusetts. 

The  reasons  which  influenced  the  agents  to  advise  to  sell  on  credit 
were,  that  the  land  would  probably  bring  a  higher  price,  and  the  season 
was  too  far  advanced  to  commence  work  that  summer.  The  road  through 
the  north  part  of  the  Bingham  purchase,  about  forty  miles,  was  extremely 
bad,  and  supplies  for  the  workmen  could  not  be  transported  at  that  season 
without  great  expense.  Moose  river  Bridge  only,  was  repaired  in  the 
autumn  of  1828,  and  the  following  winter  was  agreed  upon  for  transporting 
tools  and  provisions  on  to  the  ground,  to  be  in  readiness  to  commence 
work  the  last   spring. 

The   Agents   decided   in    favor   of   making   a   good   carriage   road,   and   the 
Agent  of    the    Bingham  heirs   pledged   himself   to   us,   that   he   would   make    ' 
the   road  over   the    Bingham   land,   as   good  as   that   made   by   the   State,   let 
us   make   it   as   well   as   we   would.      It    is   obviously   for   the   interest   of   the 


JACKMAN    AND    THE    MOOSE   RIVER   REGION      59 


State  to  make  a  good  road  over  the  public  land,  if  by  so  doing  a  like  good 
road  for  the  additional  distance  of  forty  miles  can  be  obtained.  During 
the  two  last  years  the  Agent  for  the  Bingham  heirs  has  done  much  to 
improve  the  road  over  their  lands,  and  the  undersigned  have  full  confidence 
that  he  will  redeem  his  pledge.  Travellers  report  that  the  inhabitants  on 
the  Canada  side  of  the  line  are  anxious  for  the  completion  of  the  road,  and 
that  from  sixty  to  seventy  men  were  employed  to  make  the  same,  in  that 
Province   the  last  summer. 

The  tools  and  part  of  the  provisions  necessary  for  the  work  were  pur- 
chased ;  principally  in  Hallowed  and  Augusta  early  last  winter ;  corn  and 
grain  was  procured  in  Xorridgewock ;  and  the  whole  transported  to  the 
vicinity  of  the  road  by  sleding  last  winter.  The  unusual  deep  snows  in- 
creased the  expense  of  transportation  and  rendered  it  extremely  difficult 
to  forward  the  articles  to  their  place  of  destination. 

A  few  hands  were  employed  in  the  month  of  May  to  build  camps  and 
make  the  necessary  preparation,  and  from  the  beginning  of  June  until  the 
last  of  September  the  average  number  of  men  who  laboured  on  the  road 
was  about  sixty,  with  eight  pairs  of  oxen. 

The  Agents  had  to  encounter  many  difficulties  and  suffer  many  incon- 
veniences. The  most  part  of  the  provisions  and  tools  were  transported  over 
one  hundred  miles  by  land.  Hay  and  provender  from  ten  to  one  hundred 
miles.  Iron  and  iron  work  for  repairing  tools  and  shoes  for  oxen  was 
an  expensive  bill.  Fifteen  miles  of  the  road  is  made  of  sufficient  width 
for  one  carriage  to  pass  another,  and  well  turnpiked,  except  about  half  a 
mile,  which  was  postponed  on  account  of  the  rains ;  and  the  trees  cut  and 
cleared  away  so  that  the  path  may  not  be  hereafter  obstructed  by  windfalls. 
The  ledges  were  removed  or  lowered  by  burning  wood  upon  them  instead 
of  blasting  with  powder ;  in  places  where  the  rocks  could  not  be  moved, 
they  were  burnt  and  levelled  with  sledges  and  then  covered  with  earth. 

Nine  miles  remain  to  be  opened,  and  when  made,  the  whole  distance  of 
twenty-four  miles  from  the  north  line  of  the  Bingham  purchase  to  the 
Canada  line,  will  be  more  level  than  the  present  post  road  from  Augusta 
to  Bangor.  Part  of  the  land  over  which  the  road  passes  is  suitable  for 
cultivation,  and  part  is   very  rocky  and  barren. 

The  Agents  are  fully  satisfied  of  the  importance  of  the  road  to  this 
State,  by  the  number  of  travellers  who  pass  through  it,  even  before  it  is 
opened,  and  they  have  information  in  which  full  confidence  may  be  placed, 
that  numerous  travellers  from  the  South  in  the  summer  season  are  desirous 
of  passing  through  Maine,  on  their  way  to  or  from  Quebec. 

When  the  work  was  suspended,  the  oxen  purchased  in  the  spring  were 
sold,  and  notes  for  the  same,  payable  to  the  Treasurer  of  the  State  with 
interest,  are  now  in  the  hands  of  the  agents.  The  average  expense  to 
the  State  for  the  use  of  a  pair  of  oxen  nearly  four  months,  has  been  about 
$20,  and  would  have  been  less  had  not  the  price  of  stock  been  unusually  low 
in  autumn,  compared  with  prices  in  spring,  when  the  oxen  were  purchased. 

The   provisions    and   tools   remaining    on   hand   are   well    secured    for   use 
next   spring.      An    inventory    thereof    is    herewith    submitted.      All   bills    are 
paid,  and  to  effect  this  the  Agents  were  obliged  to  hire  money,  while  that 
appropriated  to  make  the  road  was  lying  in  the  Treasury  of  the  State. 
3 


6o        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE   HISTORY 


The  whole  amount  expended  on  the  road  is  $9,373.81  including  interest  on 
money   borrowed    of    the    Vassalborough    Bank. 

There  is  nine  miles  of  road  to  make,  and  there  remains  of  the  appro- 
priation  unexpended, 

including    interest,    $437  36 

Articles  sold  belonging  to  the  State 81  00 

Proceeds  of  the  sale  of  Oxen    429  19 

Supplies  and  tools  on  hand    383  49 

Total    $i,33i  04 

The  State  of  Maine  is  obliged  by  the  terms  of  agreement  with  Massa- 
chusetts to  complete  the  road  by  the  first  day  of  November  next,  or  forfeit 
the  amount  of  the  sale  of  the  land  granted  by  that  Commonwealth,  and  the 
undersigned  are  of  opinion  that  a  further  appropriation  of  $4,500  will  be 
necessary  to  meet  the  expense,  and  they  are  further  of  opinion,  that  the 
expense  of  making  the  road  has  been  increasd  by  the  appointment  of  three 
agents  instead  of  one. 

Which  is  respectfully  submitted, 

JOEL  WHITNEY, 
SAMUEL   REDINGTON,  Agents. 

JOSEPH   JOHNSON, 
February   17,   1830. 

It  is  difficult  to  fix  the  precise  date  when  the  entire  length  of 
this  road  was  opened  or  made  passable  to  the  public  for  the  use 
of  teams,  carriages  and  vehicles  of  all  kinds.  It  must  have  been 
somewhere  from  1837  to  1840.  From  the  time  Massachusetts 
made  the  'first  beginning  towards  it  (1817)  as  we  have  seen,  it 
must  have  been  about  twenty  years  in  developing  into  a  passable 
and  travelled  road.  It  is  not  strange  that  the  building  of  such  a 
highway  passing  through  fertile  lands  suitable  for  settlers  even 
though  it  was  situated  far  into  the  most  northern  portion  of  Maine, 
should  attract  the  hardy  pioneer  and  adventurer  seeking  a  new 
region  for  home  building.  In  about  two  years  from  the  time  when 
the  Massachusetts  Legislature  passed  the  resolve  above  referred 
to  the  first  settler  made  his  appearance  on  the  line  of  the  Canada 
road,  in  what  is  now  known  as  Moose  River  plantation  and  had 
become  quite  a  substantial  farmer  some  years  before  the  road  itself 
was  a  reality.  This  plantation  is  situated  76  miles  north  of  Skow- 
hegan  and  15  miles  south  of  the  Canada  line. 

The  following  relating  to  the  early  history  of  Moose  River 
Plantation,  which  Plantation  formerly  embraced  what  is  now  Jack- 
man  and  Dennystown  plantations,  was  furnished  the  Journal  by 
Mrs.  Grace  N.  Sterling: 


JACKMAN    AND    THE    MOOSE   RIVER   REGION      61 


Log  Hauling  in  the  Maine  Woods  in  1815 


"The  first  settlers  of  Moose  River,  Maine,  were  Captain  Samuel 
Holden  and  his  wife,  Jane  Farnsworth  Holden  of  Groton,  Massa- 
chusetts.    Captain  Holden  started  from  Anson,  Maine,  for  Moose 

River,  Maine,  on 
March  4th,  1819. 
They  made  the 
journey  from 
the  forks  of  the 
Kennebec  River 
(now  known  as 
The  Forks)  to 
Moose  River  on 
snow  -  shoes,  as 
the  snow  was 
dee])  in  the 
woods  at  this 
time  of  year. 
Captain    Holden 

built  a  log  cabin,  covered  it  with  bark  and  here  they  made  their 
home  in  the  midst  of  the  wilderness.  There  was  not  an  inhabitant 
for  miles  around  and  had  it  not  been  for  the  abundance  of  fish  in 
the  river  and  the  game  in  the  surrounding  forests,  they  could  not 
have  lived ;  but 
this  together 
with  the  small 
a  m  ounts  re- 
ceived from 
travelers  that 
were  passing 
hack  and  forth 
from  Canada,  as 
shown  by  the  ac- 
count books  of 
Mr.  Holden,  en- 
abled them  to 
obtain  a  living 
the  first,  sec- 
ond' and  third  years.  After  this  time  they  were  enabled  to 
raise  small  crops  and  before  long  ( 1822  )  the  Captain  had  a  plenty. 
Before  his  death  there  was  quite  a  settlement  formed  around  him. 
Captain  Samuel  Holden  was  the  fourth  child  of  Jahei  and  Rachel 


Log   Hauling    in   the    Maine   Woods,    1915 


62        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE   HISTORY 


Farnsworth  Holden  of  Groton,  Massachusetts.  Jahez  Holden  was 
born  May  12th,  1735,  and  married  Rachel  Farnsworth  who  was 
born  Jan.  29th,  1738.  They  were  married  on  the  nth  day  of  June, 
when  she  was  twenty-three  years  of  age.  To  this  union  six  chil- 
dren were  born,  and  when  the  youngest,  who  were  twins,  were 
born  Jahez  Holden  enlisted  and  fought  in  the  Revolutionary  War. 
The  following  story  was  told  to  the  writer  by  Mr.  Jonas  Colby  as 
he  heard  it  from  his  grandfather:  'At  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill, 
an  entrenchment  was  dug  breast  high  to  protect  them  from  the 
British.  The  British  came  in  at  the  end  and  the  Yankees  ran  be- 
cause they  were  out  of  ammunition.  Jahez  Holden  had  his  musket 
loaded  with  nine  buck  shots,  he  was  looking  at  the  British  instead 
of  his  own  men,  he  fired  and  this  is  what  he  said  'if  powder  and 
ball  ever  killed  human  beings  it  must  have  killed  some  there  ' 
Mr.  Holden  was  wounded  in  the  side,  the  ball  grazed  the  skin,  and 
he  had  his  arm  broken,  but  still  carried  the  gun.  This  is  the 
record  found  in  Groton  during  the  Revolution,  'Massachusetts 
Soldiers  and  Sailors  in  the  War  of  the  Revolution',  Vol.  8,  pp. 
33-100:  'Jahez  Holden,  Groton,  Captain  1st  Company  6th  Mid- 
dlesex County  Regiment  of  Massachusetts  Militia,  list  of  officers 
commissioned  April  24,  1776,  also  Captain  6th  Company.  Return 
dated  Groton,  Dec.  5,  1776,  made  by  Brigadier  General  Oliver 
Precot,  of  officers  appointed  to  command  men  drafted  from  Mid- 
dlesex County  Militia  into  a  regiment  to  be  commanded  by  Colonel 
Samuel  Thatcher  and  ordered  to  march  to  Fairfield,  Connecticut, 
on  or  before  Dec.  16,  1776.  Company  drafted  from  the  6th  Mid- 
dlesex County  regiment  and  made  up  of  men  from  Groton,  Pep- 
perell,  Townsend  and  Ashley,  Massachusetts.'  Captain  Jahez 
Holden  died  June  2nd,  1807  and  his  wife  Rachel  Holden  moved  to 
Moose  River  with  her  son,  Captain  Samuel  Holden,  where  she 
died  Jan.  26th,  1829,  at  the  advanced  age  of  91  years.  She  is 
buried  in  the  Holden  cemetery  at  Moose  River,  Maine.  Captain 
Samuel  Holden's  family  consisted  of  eleven  children  all  of  these 
being  born  at  Anson,  Maine,  with  the  exception  of  two  daughters 
and  one  son  who  were  born  in  Groton,  Massachusetts." 

Mrs.  Lucinda   Holden  Campbell  of  Jack-man  has  in  her  posses- 
sion the   following  letter : 

'Moose  River,  Maine,  June  5th,  1820. 
Dear  Sister  &  Brother  : 

I  take  this  opportunity  to  write  to  you  and  to  let  you  know  of 
our  health,  which  is  very  good  at  present,  through  Almighty  good- 


JACKMAN   AND    THE    MOOSE   RIVER   REGION      63 

ness,  and  while  He  is  lifting  up  with  one  hand  He  is  pulling  down 
with  the  other.  We  moved  to  Moose  River  last  March  Fifty- 
three  miles  from  any  inhabitant  and  lived  very  comfortably  till 
the  1st  day  of  May,  when  our  house  took  fire  and  was  consumed 
with  all  its  contents  and  left  us  destitute  of  provisions  or  anything 
else.  I  lost  all  my  bedding  and  am  obliged  to  lie  on  the  ground 
in  a  very  poor  camp.  Now  if  you  have  any  feeling  of  charity  for  a 
distressed  sister  I  wish  you  to  send  me  something,  you  and  the 
rest  of  my  aunts  and  cousins,  if  they  feel  sympathy.  Please  to 
send  me  some  salt  if  nothing  else,  send  it  to  John  Eveleth  of  Au- 
gusta, and  send  me  a  letter  directed  to  Moose  River  to  be  left  at 
Anson  P.  O.  The  fire  burnt  up  ten  acres  of  winter  rye.  Our 
loss  is  about  $1,000.  I  have  worked  out  doors  thirty-six  days,  not 
having  anything  to  do.  This  from  your  distressed  sister  and 
brother. 

JANE  HOLDEN." 

Address  en  letter 

To  Amos  Otis, 

Barnstable 

Postage  18  1-2.' 

"This  house  which  is  referred  to  in  this  letter  was  built  on  the 
farm  now  owned  by  Richard  Holden.  The  old  cellar  can  yet  be 
seen.  After  this  was  burned  the  second  camp  was  built,  where 
Willie  Pierce  lives  today.  After  this  camp  had  served  its  purpose 
and  Captain  Samuel  prospered  he  built  a  frame  house  which  is 
still  standing  and  is  occupied  by  W.  J.  Murtha.  After  Captain 
Samuel  Holden  opened  the  way  several  other  families  moved  in 
and  settled  around,  one  of  them  being  Asa  Churchill,  who  built 
a  house  on  the  farm  now  owned  in  Jackman  village  by  A.  Guay. 
Some  parts  of  the  old  house  still  exist,  in  different  places  in  town. 
The  second  house  in  Jackman  plantation  was  built  by  Milintus 
Holden  on  what  is  now  known  as  the  Colby  farm. 

"The  town  of  Jackman  derived  its  name  from  Jim  Jackman  of 
Solon,  Maine,  who  cleared  and  settled  on  what  is  known  as  the 
'Old  Jackman  Field'  10  miles  south  of  Moose  River  bridge.  The 
date  is  unknown. 

"Captain  Samuel  Holden  was  a  very  religions  man,  as  he  was 
always  ready  to  entertain  any  preacher  that  might  come  into  the 
town,  and  early  records  show  that  different  preachers  of  several 
different    denominations    came    occasionally    to    hold    services    and 


64        SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


from  an  early  date  a  Sunday  School  was  conducted  in  the  homes 
and  schoolhouse.  dating  back  to  1847." 

"The  Free  Will  Baptist  Church  was  organized  in  1875  m  tne 
Union  Church  at  Moose  River,  fourteen  members  formed  the 
organization.  In  1855  Captain  Holden  in  the  absence  of  a  minister 
officiated  at  the  funerals.  In  1890  the  Free  Will  Baptist  Church 
united  with  the  Congregationalists  and  the  Moose  River  Congrega- 
tional Church  of  Jackman  was  organized.  In  1912  a  very  com- 
fortable little  parsonage  was  built.  The  present  Pastor  is  the 
Rev.  R.  E.  Jones." 

On  Tuesday,  May  24,  1892,  this  new  and  attractive  church  edi- 
fice   (Congregational)    was    dedicated    to   the    service   of    religious 

work  in  accord- 
ance    with     the 
ritual  of  that  de- 
nomination. The 
invocation      was 
by  the  Reverend 
Andrew       L. 
Chase    of    Fox- 
:roft,    Mai  ne, 
and    Prayer    by 
Reverend  Salem 
D.  Towne.     The 
dedicatory     ser- 
mon   was    deliv- 
ered by  the  Rev- 
erend Charles  Davison  of  Greenville.     Then  followed  the  dedica- 
tion of  the  House  of  Worship  as  above  mentioned ;  the  prayer  of 
Dedication  was  by  Reverend  J.  E.  Adams  D.  D.,  and  the  benedic- 
tion by  Reverend  Charles  Davison. 

This  church  has  ever  since  then  been  in  a  very  prosperous  con- 
dition and  has  done  good  work  along  the  lines  for  which  it  was 
established. 


The  Moose  River  Bridge 


NOTES  FROM  Till-:  FIRST  RECORD  BOOK 
OF  THE  PLANTATION  OF  MOOSE  RIVER. 
FROM   1852  TO   1859. 
TO  CHRISTOPHER  THOMPSON,  ESQ. 
Pursuant  to  a  written  application  signed  by  yon  and   four  other 
inhabitants  of  townships  No.  four  Range  one  and  No.  four  Range 


JACKMAN    AND    THE   MOOSE   RIVER   REGION      65 

two  and  Sandy  Bay  Township  (so  called)  north  of  the  Bingham 
Kennebec  purchase  in  the  county  of  Somerset,  Demon- 
strated Moose  River  Plantation. 

You  are  hereby  required  in  the  name  of  the  State  of  Maine  to 
notify  and  warn  the  Electors  of  the  said  Moose  River  plantation 
comprising  the  aforesaid  Townships  qualified  according  to  the 
Constitution  of  this  state  or  of  the  United  States,  to  assemble  at 
the  dwelling  house  of  Christopher  Thomas  in  said  Plantation  on 
Saturday  the  sixteenth  day  of  October  inst.  at  one  of  Clock  in  the 
afternoon  for  the  purpose  of  transacting  the  following  business  to 
wit : 

First  to  Choose  a  plantation  Clerk  and  three  assessors  Given 
under  my  hand  this  first  day  of  October  in  the  year  of  our  Lord 
one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  fifty  two. 

SULLIVAN  LOUTHROP 

One  of  the  County 

Commissioners   for 

Somerset   County. 
Pursuant    to    the    within    warrant,    I    have    notified    the    within 
named  inhabitants  to  meete  at  the  within  place  and  time  by  post- 
ing up  notices  in  two  different  places  in  said  plantation  as  by  Law 
required. 

CHRISTOPHER  THOMPSON. 
Moose  River.  Oct.   16,   1852. 
Pursuant   to    the    foregoing   warrant   the    inhabitants    assembled 
at  the   foregoing  place  and  organized  by   Choosing  Samuel  Wey- 
mouth Moderator,  Otis  Holden  Clerk  and  Otis  Holden,  Molentus 
Holden  and  Josiah  F.  Whitney  assessors. 
Copy  attest 

OTIS  HOLDEN, 

Plantation  Clerk. 
Art.  first,   chose   Samuel  Weymouth  Moderator. 
Art  2d,  chose  Otis  Holden  Clerk. 

Art.  3.  chose  Otis  Holden.  Malintus  Holden,  Josiah  Whitney 
Assessors  sd  Plantation. 

4th,  voted  to  hold  the  next  meeting  at  Christopher  Thompson's. 

OTIS  HOLDEN. 

Plantation  Clerk. 
Personally  appeared  before  me  Samuel  Weymouth  and  took  the 
oath  as  moderator  within  and  for  the  Plantation  of  Moose  River 
this   sixteenth  day  of  October,   1852. 

CHRISTOPHER  THOMPSON,  Justice  of  the  Peace. 


66        SPRAGJE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE  HISTORY 


Personally  appeared  Otis  Holden  before  me  and  took  the  oath 
as  Clerk  of  the  Moose  'River  Plantation  this  sixteenth  day  of  Octo- 
ber, 1852. 

CHRISTOPHER  THOMPSON,  Justice  of  the  Peace. 
Personally  appeared  Otis  Holden,  Malintus  Holden   and  Josiah 
F.  Whitney  and  took  the  oath  as  assessors  with  and  for  the  Plan- 
tation of  Moose  River  this  sixteenth  day  of  October,  1852. 

CHRISTOPHER  THOMPSON,  Justice  of  the  Peace. 
Copy  Attest 

OTIS  HOLDEN, 

Plantation  Clerk. 

The  next  plantation  meeting  was  held  April  2,  1853,  when  the 
same   officers   were   again   elected. 

It  was  voted  "that  Moose  River  plantation  shall  compose  one 
school  district"  and  Christopher  Thompson  was  elected  School 
Agent.     No  money  was  raised  for  any  purpose. 

At  the  September  election  in  1852  the  whole  number  of  votes 
cast   was   twenty-two. 

The  annual  plantation  meeting  in  1854  was  held  at  the  dwelling 
house  of  Otis  Holden  on  the  thirteenth  day  of  April.  Otis  Holden, 
Melintus  Holden  and  Benjamin  Holden  were  elected  assessors  at 
this  meeting. 

In  1855  Otis  Holden,  Philander  M.  Colby  and  Melintus  Holden 
were  elected  assessors,  and  Philander  M.  Colby  was  elected  school 
agent. 

At  the  same  meeting  held  on  the  twelfth  day  of  March  an 
agreement  by  certain  of  the  inhabitants  was  entered  into  to  erect 
a  schoolhouse  by  subscription  "to  remain  the  property  of  such  in- 
habitants as  shall  pay  a  part  of  the  cost  of  said  house  if  said  house 
should  be  sold  or  disposed  of  for  the  purpose  of  building  a  bigger 
one  or  any  other  purpose  the  sum  sold  for  to  be  invested  in  another 
schoolhouse  or  paid  back  to  such  persons  as  paid  in  a  part  for 
building  said  house." 

The  subscribers  were : 

Otis  Holden    $25.00 

P.    M.    Colby    15.00 

Z.    Bumpus    10.00 

Samuel    Holden,    Jr I5-QO 

Galon    Newton    25.00 

Benjamin    Holden    12.00 


JACKMAN    AND    THE   MOOSE   RIVER   REGION      67 

M.   Holden    20.00 

Josiah  F.  Whitney    15.00 

F.   G.   Pressey    10.00 

Patrick   McKenna    10.00 

Richard    Harris    5-5° 

In  1856  William  H.  Durgin  was  elected  Clerk.    The  meeting  was 
held  that  year  at  the  "tavern  House"  of  Otis  Holden. 
The  list  of  voters  recorded  in  1859  is  as  follows: 

Austin  Holden  Elisha  Hilton 

Philander  M.  Colby  Jason  Hilton 

Zeppenian  Bumpus  Jonah  Hilton 

Robert  J.  Campbell  Sherwin  Hilton 

Caleb  Morton  Jacob  F.  Newton 

Peter  Kinney  H.  H.  Colby 

Seth  Moore  Alexander  Sands 

Elisha  C.  Moore  Edward  Sands 

Llewellyn  Moore  Spencer  Colby 

Ephraim  Moore  Franklin  G.  Pressey 

Galon  Newton  Otis  Holden 

Horatio  Newton  William  Ray,  Jr. 

Otis  Newton  Jonas  Colby 

John  Keliher  Melintus  Holden,  Jr. 

The  building  of  the  Canada  road  soon  begun  to  attract  the 
pioneer  always  in  search  of  a  new  country  to  subdue  and  in  a  few 
years  after  Captain  Holden  had  invaded  this  wilderness,  others 
settled  along  the  line  of  the  road,  and  about  the  year  1830,  settlers 
were  clearing  lands  and  opening  farms  in  that  part  of  Moose 
River  plantation  that  is  now  the  thriving  village  of  Jackman. 
Among  these  were  Seth  Moore,  Patrick  McKennay  who  emigrated 
from  the  north  of  Ireland  when  about  17  years  of  age,  to  the  city 
of  Quebec  and  in  1830  or  1831  settled  here;  Cyrus  Whitney, 
Michiel  Redmund,  David  Roache,  and  James  Jackman  for  whom 
the  settlement  was  named. 

Both  Moose  River  and  Jackman  although  each  have  more  in- 
habitants than  many  Maine  towns,  are  yet  legally  plantations, 
having  since  their  first  organization  by  the  County  Commissioners 
each  been   reorganized   under   the   statutes   of   Maine   relating  to 


6.8        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE   HISTORY 

plantations  "having  not  less  than  two  hundred  inhabitants.""  In 
these  plantations  are  villages  originally  located  along  the  Canada 
road  and  so  closely  connected  that  a  stranger  does  not  perceive 
the  line  of  division.  The  Canada  road  is  now  and  probably  always 
will  remain  the  main  street  of  these  twin  villages,  although  now 
one  sees  pretty  little  cross  streets  being  laid  out  and  some  fine 
dwellings   being  erected. 

Prior  to  the  opening  of  the  railroad,  which  is  a  part  of  the  main 
line  running  from  Halifax  to  the  Pacific  coast.  Jackman  was  an 
isolated  place  which  in  those  days,  until  the  opening  of  the  rail- 
road, seemed  destined  to  remain  so  for  a  long  period  of  time. 

And  right  here  we  quote  an  interesting  letter  recently  received 
from  Honorable  Sylvester  J.  Walton  an  emiment  Maine  lawyer  and 
public  man  of  note  having  represented  Somerset  County  in  both 
branches  of  the  Legislature  and  the  Executive  Council  of  Maine. 
For  a  quarter  of  a  century  and  more  Mr.  Walton  has  annually, 
and  often  semi-annually,  visited  this  charming  region  while  on 
fishing  and  hunting  trips,  for  he  is  a  true  lover  of  the  woods  and 
woods  and  lake  sports. 

"Skowhegan,  Me.,  June  16,  1915. 
"Editor  of  Sprague's  Journal  of  Maine  History: 

"I  understand  you  have  in  view  the  writing  a  short  history  of 
Jackman,  Moose  River  and  Dennystown.  The  same  will  certainly 
be  interesting,  not  only  to  the  people  who  were  buried  in  the  vast 
wilderness  in  the  western  part  of  Somerset  county  until  the  advent 
of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  some  twenty-five  years  ago.  Be- 
fore that  time  the  nearest  settlement  of  any  size  was  at  Bingham 
fifty  miles  away.  No  physicians  nearer  than  55  miles  although 
often  needed.  No  lawyers  nearer  than  55  miles,  not  needed,  for  the 
inhabitants  for  lack  of  attorneys  and  courts  resorted  to  self  de- 
fense, the  first  great  law  of  nature. 

"I  remember  the  first  time  I  was  at  Jackman  I  attended  the 
first  morning  of  my  arrival  a  wedding,  a  wedding  supper  and  four 
fights   and    when    I    attempted   to    separate   the   combatants   in   the 

(6)  Revised  Statutes  of  Maine  1903,  Sec.  114,  p.  89.  Township  4,  Range 
1,  was  first  iccorporated  as  Jackmantown  plantation.  July  9th,  1859,  and 
reorganized  February  17,  1894,  under  the  name  of  Jackman.  It  was  the 
design  of  the  writer  to  make  record  herein  of  the  organization  of  Jackman 
similar  to  that  which  appears  on  these  pages  regarding  Moose  River 
plantation.  Mr.  Melvin  E.  Holden,  the  clerk  of  the  latter  plantation  is  a 
careful  custodian  of  the  early  records  and  is  preserving  them  properly. 
The   Jackman   clerk   however   was   unable   to   produce   his   records   and   they 


JACKMAN   AND    THE    MOOSE   RIVER   REGION      69 


first  fight,  I  was  taken  by  the  arm  and  led  away  with  the  admoni- 
tion that  I  had  better  keep  away  and  let  them  fight  it  out,  for  if  I 
did  not,  I  might  get  a  knock  out  myself.  There  were  no  stores  in 
those  days  nearer  than  Bingham,  except  one  at  Moose  River  and 
no  mills  except  one  saw  mill. 

"For  thirty  years  I  have  never  failed  to  visit  that  remote  settle- 
ment from  my  home  in  Skowhegan  once  or  more  each  year,  and  I 
have  never  found  a  more  kind,  whole  souled  people  than  there. 
Times  of  course  have  changed  now,  with  them  lawyers,  a  dozen 
stores  of  all  kinds  and  two  or  three  physicians  and  a  great  influx 
of  people  from  without,  Jackman  and  Moose  River  have  become 
hustling  places,  yet  I  doubt  if  the  people  live  now  nearer  to  nature 
than  they  did  in  the  old  days. 

"Truly  yours, 

"S.  J.  WALTON." 
In  19 10  the  population  of  Jackman  was  667  and  Moose  River  251. 
Each  has  increased  since  then  and  it  is  estimated  that  Jackman  now 
has  about  1,200  ihabitants.  Dennystown  is  an  adjoining  planta- 
tion and  Long 
Pond  plantation 
is  eight  miles  be- 
low, where  is 
located  the  Kel- 
logg Lumber 
Company,  that 
employs  about 
75  men  in  its 
mills  and  200  or 
more  laborers 
in  the  woods. 

The  Canadian 
Pacific   Railway 
runs     througn 
Jackman  where  it  maintains  a  depot,  freight  houses    etc. 

Jackman  must  always  be  the  trading  and  business  center  for 
plantations  and  settlements  contiguous  to  it  and  along  the  line  of 
the  railroad  and  the  Canada  road  as  follows:  Dennystown,  Long 
Pond,  Somerset  Junction,  Attean,  Holeb,  Franklin,  Skinners  Mills, 
Lowelltown,  Parlin  Pond,  -where  Henry  McKenney  has  a  commo- 
dious summer  resort  and  near  which  is  the  magnificent  summer 
home  of  Michiel  Piel  of  New  York;  and  on  the  Canada  side  are 
Marlow,  St.  Come  and  St.  George  in  near  proximity. 


A    Maine    Scene   in    1820 


70        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE  HISTORY 


The  vast  forestry  of  spruce  and  other  valuable  timber  surround- 
ing it  makes  it  a  lumber  center  of  importance.  Much  of  this  lum- 
ber territory  is  not  accessible  to  river  driving  without  great  expense, 
but  the  problem  of  getting  it  to  market  more  profitably  was  solved 
by  Mr.  Abram  Newton,  through  whose  energetic  efforts  capitalists 
were  induced  to  make  large  investments  in  these  lands  the  result 
of  which  was  the  establishment  of  the  Jackman  Lumber  Company, 
although  its  mills  are  situated  on  the  Moose  River  side  of  the 
boundary  line  that  divides  it  from  Jackman.  This  corporation 
was  organized  in  March,  19 14.  Its  president  is  Honorable  George 
H.  Prouty7  of  Newport,  Vermont,  who  has  been  Governor  of  that 
State  (1908-1910)  and  well  known  as  a  business  man  of  ability 
throughout  New  England ;  its  treasurer  is  F.  L.  Perry  of  Boston 
and  a  member  of  the  Perry  and  Whitney  Company8  lumber  con- 
cern, and  Chester  C.  Whitney  of  Boston  is  its  secretary  and  assis- 
tant treasurer,  Abram  Newton  of  Jackman  is  the  General  Manager 
of  its  lumbering  property  and  forestry  interests.  It  has  erected 
mills  which  have  a  capacity  of  sawing  125  thousand  feet  of  long 
lumber  per  day,  and  from  25  to  30  million  feet  of  lumber  annually, 
and  will  manufacture  all  kinds  of  wood  and  lumber  products.  It 
is  estimated  that  this  corporation  owns  200  million  feet  of  standing 
timber  besides  being  a  large  purchaser  of  stumpage.  A  logging 
railroad  has  been  built  from  the  C.  P.  Railway  station  in  Jackman 
to  its  mill  two  miles  distant  and  has  already  been  extended  into 
the  woods  five  miles  beyond  and  at  the  present  time  has  a  force  of 
laborers  extending  it  eight  miles  further  and  ultimately  this  lum- 
ber railroad  will  be  not  less  than  twenty  miles  in  length.  At  the 
mills  it  has  a  large  boarding  house  and  cottages  are  being  built  for 
its  laborers.  It  employs  about  100  men  in  the  manufacture  of 
lumber  and  when  in  full  swing  will  furnish  employment  to  from 
five  to  six  hundred  men  in  the  woods. 

The  New  Castle  Lumber  Company  is  another  Jackman  lumber 
concern  that  begun  operations  in  1914.  It  saws  seven  milion  feet 
or  more  of  long  lumber  annually  and  has  a  capacity  for  sawing 
thirty  thousand  feet  per  day  and  when  in  operation  employs  from 
50  to  75  men  in  the  mills.     George  D.  Pastorius  of  New  Castle, 


(7)  Prouty  and  Miller  of  Newport,  Vermont,  are  extensive  dealers  in, 
and  manufacturers  of    lumber. 

(8)  The  Perry  &  Whitney  Company  of  Boston  are  among  the  largest 
wholesale  dealers  in  lumber  in  New  England,  and  are  extensive  manufac- 
turers of  long  lumber,  spruce  dimensions,  building  frames,  etc. 


JACKMAN   AND   THE    MOOSE   RIVER   REGION      71 

Maine,  is  its  General  Manager  and  Joseph  E.  Shaw  is  the  superin- 
tendent. 

There  is  one  Post  Office  at  Moose  River  and  two  in  Jackman, 
one  at  the  village  and  one  at  Jackman  Station. 

Jackman  has  four  general  stores ;  two  clothing  stores ;  one  fur- 
niture store  and  undertaker ;  one  millinery  establishment ;  one  jew- 
eler ;  two  drug  stores ;  one  hardware  store ;  one  dealer  in  harnesses, 
etc. ;  two  or  three  markets  and  the  Dennystown  Company  have  two 
large  grocery  and  provision  stores,  one  in  each  village.  There  are 
also  blacksmiths,  barbers,  photographers,  a  taxidermist,  a  plumber, 
a  harness  maker;  restaurants;  a  cant  dog  manufacturer;  two  hay 
and  grain  dealers ;  garages ;  a  sporting  goods  store ;  shoemakers, 
and  several  engaged  in  the  lumbering  business. 

It  differs  from  the  times  that  Mr.  Walton  speaks  of  for  it  now 
supports  three  lawyers ;  two  deputy  sheriffs ;  two  clergymen  and 
two  doctors.  There  are  twelve  registered  guides  and  five  or  six 
sporting  camps  all  well  filled  during  the  summer  season  and  two 
hotels.  Besides  the  church  organizations  it  has  among  its  fraternal 
orders  the  Foresters,  the  Macabees,  the  Modern  Woodmen  and 
Moose  River  Lodge  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows. 
The  latter  lodge  was  instituted  June  9.  1915,  by  Harry  Reid,  G.  M.; 
John  E.  Bunker,  D.  G.  M. ;  Willis  E.  Parsons,  G.  W. ;  and  Wm.  W. 
Cutter,  G.  Sec.  Among  other  members  of  the  Grand  Lodge  who 
were  present  were  W alter  H.  Blethen  and  John  F.  Sprague  of 
Dover  and  S.  L.  Berry  of  Waterville.  On  the  evening  of  June  10, 
a  large  number  of  applicants  were  received  into  the  new  lodge,  the 
ritualistic  work  having  been  most  excellently  performed  by  the 
members  of  New  England  Lodge  of  Greenville.9 

This  lodge  started  under  the  most  favorable  auspices  having  Mr. 
O.  S.  Patterson,  the  Customs  Officer  at  Jackman,  for  its  first 
Noble  Grand  supported  by  an  efficient  board  of  officers. 

The  Moose  River  Hotel  at  Jackman  Station,  Nelson  W.  Bartley, 
proprietor,  is  a  commodious  and  attractive  hostelry  with  all  up-to- 
date  facilities  for  the  entertainment  of  guests  and  is  receiving  a 
liberal  patronage  from  the  traveling  public.  These  villages  have 
electric  light  and  water  systems.  Their  public  schools  are  excellent 
and  efficient  and  they  are  also  supporting  a  public  library  and  Jack- 
man  has  a  good  public  hall. 


(9)The  ladies  of  Jackman   and  Moose  River  are  entitled  to  great  credit 
for  the  superb  banquet  provided  by  them  on  this  occasion. 


72        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE  HISTORY 

Another  enterprise  that  will  in  the  future  prove  to  be  of  inestima- 
ble value  to  the  Moose  River  region  is  the  new  State  highway 
from  Jackman  to  Rockwood  and  the  Kineo  Station  on  the  Maine 
Central  railroad  on  the  westerly  shore  of  Moose  Head  Lake  a  dis- 
tance of  30  miles,  and  now  under  construction  by  the  State  High- 
way Commission. 

By  the  united  efforts  of  many  of  the  citizens,  these  plantations, 
the  M.  C.  railroad,  the  Richer  Hotel  Company,  Somerset  County, 
and  the  State  of  Maine,  this  great  work  has  been  assured. 

At  the  last  session  of  the  Maine  Legislature  the  state  appropriated 
the  sum  of  $22,500.00  and  the  other  interests  added  to  it  $23,500.00, 
so  that  the  road  will  probably  be  opened  to  the  public  within  the 
next  year.  In  addition  to  this  the  Hollingsworth  and  \\  nitney  Com- 
pany dedicated  to  the  state  three  miles  of  good  road  that  they  had 
already  constructed  and  which  is  made  a  part  of  this  road,  and 
the  Great  Northern  Paper  Company  also  dedicated  two  miles  of 
road  in  equally  as  good  condition.  These  corporations  and  all  of 
the  owners  of  lands  over  which  it  passes,  donated  to  the  state  all 
of  the  land  damages  which  they  might  have  been  legally  entitled  to. 
Along  its  line  is  much  excellent  land  now  only  lying  in  waste  and 
better  adapted  to  farming  than  timber  growing;  and  undoubtedly 
settlers  will  locate  there  in  the  near  future.  This  is  one  of  the 
most  commendable  things  that  the  State  of  Maine  has  done  during 
the  last  half  century,  and  we  hope  that  it  is  but  the  beginning  of  a 
wiser  and  broader  state  policy;  one  that  will  continually  aid  in  the 
development  of  Maine :  utilize  her  many  latent  resources,  and  do 
something  towards  inducing  her  young  men  and  young  women  to 
remain  at  home. 


JACKMAN'S    LIVE   BUSINESS    MEN 


Jackman's  Live  Business  Men 

When  an  opportunity  presents  itself  to  give  worthy  publicity 
to  a  town  by  printer's  ink  its  most  enterprising  and  public  spirited 
business  men  are  always  alert  to  aid  it  and  their  own  individual 
enterprises  at  the  same  time  by  their  advertisements.  This  was  the 
case  at  Jackman  when  this  special  issue  of  the  Journal  was  sug- 
gested to  them.  Following  is  a  list  of  those  who  have  been  benefited 
by  availing  themselves  of  this  and  we  can  avouch  for  their  integ- 
rity and  square  business  dealings,  and  certify  that  they  are  THE 
hustling,  enterprising,  and  REAL  LIVE  WIRES  in  the  business 
affairs  of  Jackman : 


Nelson  W.  Bartley, 
Dennystown  Company, 

E.  A.  Piper. 

F.  A.  Dion, 

O.  S.  Patterson, 
D.  Hancox, 
Fred  Pierce, 
W.  S.  Moore, 
A.  G.  Crawford, 
Albert  Loubier, 
Joseph  J.  Nichols, 
Medie  Rancout. 

D.  C.  Pierce, 
Arthur  Rodrique. 
W.  L.  Anderson, 
C.  H.  Mills. 

W.  F.  Jude, 
Arthur  Cathcart, 
Harry  Stillwell, 
J.  A.  Bulmer. 
Thomas  Vintinner, 
Edlord  Fournier, 
J.  S.  Williams, 
L.  R.  Moore. 
James  Sands, 
T.  A.  Murtha, 
George  Blais, 
Fred  Henderson, 
Harry  A.  Young. 

E.  A.  Henderson, 
Henry  P.  McKenney, 


Hotel. 

Groceries,  etc. 
Real  Estate. 

Druggist  and  Sporting  Goods. 
Insurance. 

Clothing  and  Dry  Goods. 
Jeweler. 

Furniture  and  Undertaker. 
Day  and  Night  Restaurant. 
Restaurant. 
Jeweler. 
Barber  Shop. 
Deputy  Sheriff. 
Photographer. 
Lawyer. 
Lawyer. 
Lawyer. 
Autos. 

Harnesses  and  Picture  House. 
Garage. 
General  Store. 

Fruit  Stand  and  Picture  House. 
Blacksmith  and  Cant  Dogs. 
Restaurant. 

Restaurant  and  Dealer  in  Furs. 
Hotel. 

Barber  Shop. 
Heald  Pond  Camps. 
Carpenter  and  Contractor. 
Wood  Pond  Camps. 
Lake  Parlin  Hotel  and  Camps. 


74 


SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


The  Catholic  Church  and  Its 
Schools 

At  the  Jackman  Station  Village  are  St.  Anthony's  church,  the 
Sacred  Heart  Convent  and  the  St.  Anthony  Parochial  School,  the 
result  of  the  zealous  and  indefatigable  labors  of  its  pastor  the  Rev. 
Joseph  F.  Forest,  P.  P.,  who  came  here  in  1892.     Father  Forest  is 

a  native  of  Can- 
ada and  was 
educated  in  the 
As  s  u  m  p  t  i  o  n 
College  at  Mon- 
treal. Prior  to 
his  coming  here 
the  Catholics 
had  only  re- 
ceived occasion- 
al visits  from 
Canadian 
priests.  In  the 
first  years  his 
pastorate    duties 

extended  over  a  very  large  territory  embracing  all  of  northern 
Somerset,  Greenville  and  the  entire  region  to  the  Canada  line. 
The  church  was  built  in  1893.  The  convent,  which  is  a  magni- 
ficent granite  building  of  four  stories  65  feet  on  the  street  and  55 
feet  back,  was  built  in   1907. 

The  parochial  school  building  of  three  stories,  sixty  feet  in  width 
and  seventy-eight  feet  in  length,  was  completed  in  1912  and  an 
annex  for  boys  to  it  in  19 14. 

Two  hundred  and  fifty  scholars  are  in  regular  attendance,  some 
of  them  from  many  parts  of  Maine,  and  one  hundred  and  twenty- 
five  of  them  board  at  the  Convent. 

At  the  Convent  are  sixteen  sisters  presided  over  by  Mother 
Superior  Mary  Phillippine  from  the  St.  Joseph  Sisters  of  Lyons, 
France,  who  are  the  teachers  in  the  school. 

In  the  parish  comprising  Jackman  and  the  surrounding  planta- 
tions and  settlements  about  175  families  are  communicants  of  the 
St.  Anthony  church. 


Sacred    Heart    Convent,    Jackman,    Maine 


ABRAM    NEWTON 


75 


Abram  Newton 


Abram  Newton  was  born  October  10,  1863,  at  Dennystown  Plan- 
tation, and  was  the  eldest  son  of  Horatio  and  Luretta  Newton.  His 
early  life  was  passed  on  the  farm,  with  school  privilege  of  only  a 
very  few  weeks  each  year,  the  nearest  schoolhouse  being  about  five 
miles  away. 

At  fourteen  years  of  age  he  secured  his  first  employment  as  a 
"swamper"  in  the  lumber  woods  and  for  several  succeeding  win- 
ters followed  the  different  occu- 
pations incident  to  the  logging 
operations,  and  in  the  Spring 
and  Summer  was  engaged  in 
driving  the  logs  down  the  dif- 
ferent streams  and  rivers  in 
northern  Maine. 

When  nineteen  years  old  he 
became  foreman  in  the  woods 
and  also  on  the  drive.  For  a 
period  of  nine  years  he  was  a 
foreman,  being  employed  by  the 
late  Omer  Clark  and  Ed.  P. 
Page  in  that  capacity. 

He  shortly  afterward  entered 
into  a  contract  to  cut  and  haul 
logs  for  Brown  &  Allen  of 
Greenville,  Maine,  having  asso- 
ciated himself  as  a  partner, 
with  Henry  L.  Colby  of  Jack- 
man,  Me. 

For  the  succeeding  period  of 
eleven  years  the  firm  engaged  in  lumber  operating  for  Lawrence 
Brothers  of  South  Gardiner ;  the  South  Gardiner  Lumber  Co., 
the  Hollings worth  &  Whitney  Co.  and  others. 

In  1897  Mr.  Newton  was  appointed  Deputy  Collector  of  Customs 
under  President  McKinley  and  held  the  position  until  his  resignation 
in  1914. 

In  addition  to  his  duties  as  Customs  Collector,  he  was  actively 
engaged  as  a  lumber  operator,  having  several  important  contracts 
with  the  Great  Northern  Paper  Company,  covering  a  period  of 
several  years. 


ABRAM   XEWTON 

Prominent    in    the    Business    Affairs 
of  Jackman 


76        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE   HISTORY 


Mr.  Newton's  marked  ability 
as  a  timber  estimator  has  been 
recognized  by  many  important 
timberland  owners  for  several 
years  and  he  has  been  a  member 
of  commissions  at  different 
times  whose  duty  it  was  to  de- 
termine the  value  and  quantities 
of  available  timber  on  many 
large  tracts,  not  only  in  Maine 
but  in  several  of  the  Southern 
and  Middle  western  states.  He 
is  now  the  owner  of  large  inter- 
ests and  holdings  in  both  Maine 
and  Canadian  timberlands. 

He  has  always  had  the  best 
interests    of    Tackman    at    heart 


WEBSTER    S.    MOORE 
Chairman    of    the    Board    of    Asses- 
sors of  Jackman 

and  has  been  honored  many 
times  by  its  citizens  who  recog- 
nize his  ability  and  sound  busi- 
ness judgment. 

In  politics  he  has  always  been 
a  Republican  and  would  doubt- 
lesa  have  been  elected  a  member 
of  the  last  Legislature  from  this 
class,  but  business  matters  pre* 
vented  him;  from  becoming  a 
candidate. 

Mr.  Newton  is  a  member  of 
the  lioard  of  Trustees  of  the 
Guilford  Trust  Company  and  has 
been  such  ever  since  the  Green- 
ville branch  was  established. 

In  September  of  last  year  he 
entered  upon  his  duties  as  Gen- 
eral Manager  of  the  woods  department  for  the  Jackman  Lumber 
Company  and  occupies  that  position  at  the  present  time. 


DANIEL    HANCOX 

Prominent    Business    Man    of    Jack- 
man. 


CORRESPONDENCE  77 


On  September  1,  1897,  he  was  married  to  Jennie  M.  Colby  of 
Jackman.  Their  daughter,  Velzora  A.  Newton,  is  a  member  of  the 
senior  class  of  the  Maine  Central  Institute  at  Pittsfield,  Maine. 


Correspondence 

From  Honorable  William  R.  Pattangall. 

Honorable  William  R.  Pattangall,  Attorney  General  of  the  State 
of  Maine,  heartily  endorses  the  Journal  and  contributes  valuable 
information  regarding  the  Longfelhzc  family: 

Waterville,  Maine,  June  16th,  191 5. 
Mr.  John   F.   Spragne, 

Dover,  Maine. 
Dear  Brother  Sprague : 

I  have  been  especially  interested  in  your  Journal  of  Maine  His- 
tory. I  remember  saying  to  you  one  time  when  we  were  talking 
about  our  own  state  that  the  great  trouble  with  Maine  was  that 
nobody  knew  anything  about  the  state  either  from  an  historical 
or  an  industrial  standpoint.  You  are  certainly  doing  a  great  work 
in  interesting  the  people  of  Maine  in  its  early  history. 

I  read  with  especial  interest  in  your  May  number  a  sketch  of 
Stephen  Longfellow  written  by  William  Willis.  I  do  not  know  that 
you  are  aware  of  the  very  close  relationship  between  the  Longfellow 
family  of  Portland  and  the  Longfellow  family  of  Machias.  Some 
few  facts  in  that  connection  may  be  of  interest  to  you. 

The  first  of  the  Longfellow  name  to  come  to  this  country  was 
William  Longfellow,  born  in  England  in  165 1,  who  came  to  New- 
bury, Massachusetts,  in  1674.  He  had  two  sons,  Stephen  and  Na- 
than. Stephen  in  turn  had  two  sons,  one  of  whom  bore  his  name, 
and  the  other  was  named  for  his  grandfather,  William.  William 
lived  in  Newbury,  Massachusetts,  and  his  son,  Nathan,  was  born 
there  in  1764,  moving  to  Machias  in  1767.  Nathan  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  War  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant.  He  also  had  a 
second  cousin  Nathan,  a  great  grandson  of  the  original  William 
Longfellow,  some  three  years  older  than  he,  who  was  born  in  Con- 
wallis,  Massachusetts,  and  who  moved  to  Machias  about  the  time 
of  the  outbreak  of  the  Revolutionary  War.  This  Nathan  had  a 
son,  Jacob,  who  married  Taphenus,  a  daughter  of  Lieutenant  Na- 


78        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

than.     My  maternal  grandfather,   Daniel  Longfellow,    was   a  son 
of  Taphenus  and  Jacob. 

I  have  been  especially  interested  in  looking  up  these  matters,  not 
only  from  the  standpoint  of  my  maternal  ancestors,  but  because  I 
also  find  that  Abraham  Adams,  who  was  the  grandson  of  Richard 
Pattangall,  the  first  of  the  name  to  come  to  this  country  and  who 
settled  in  Salem,  Massachusetts,  in  1640,  married  Ann  Longfellow, 
who  was  the  daughter  of  the  original  William  Longfellow  and  Ann 
Sewall.  So  that  I  find  myself  a  descendant  of  William  Longfellow 
on  both  sides  of  the  family. 

Yours  very  truly, 

W.  R.  PATTANGALL. 


Honorable  Augustine  Simmons  of  North  Anson,  Maine,  writes: 

In  my  recent  article10  on  Franklin  Simmons  the  word  "the"  before 
Franklin  should  read  though.  In  the  last  paragraph  the  word 
"free"  should  read  face. 


Sebec  Lake,  Maine,  June  14,  191 5. 
To  the  Editor  of  S Prague's  Journal  of  Maine  History: 

In  looking  over  the  May  issue  of  the  Journal,  I  was  very  much 
interested  in  the  article  on  workers  with  the  divining  rod. 

Royal  Day  was  my  grandfather,  and  I  have  a  very  good  remem- 
brance of  him,  and  I  know  he  was  perfectly  sincere  in  his  work  of 
discovering  water  veins  below  the  surface  of  the  ground.  I  do 
not  know  his  theory  or  the  scientific  principle  on  which  he  based 
his  figures,  but  I  do  know  that  he  did  not  claim  any  occult  power 
when  he  gave  the  depth  at  which  water  would  be  found.  He  used 
an  instrument  based  on  scientific  principles,  from  which  he  made 
his  figures.  This  instrument,  I  think,  was  made  by  my  grandfather, 
Royal  Day,  and  as  near  as  I  can  describe  the  instrument,  it  is  a 
quarter  circle  made  from  a  hard  wood  board  mounted  on  a  trypod, 
and  has  a  plumb  bob  attached  to  tell  when  it  is  level.  This  quarter 
circle  is  sub-divided  by  lines  into  lesser  quarter  circles  with  a  scale 
of  figures  along  each  line.  This  instrument  is  now  in  my  possession, 
and  I  value  it  very  highly  as  a  relic,  and  the  article  in  your  Journa\ 
makes  this  doubly  valuable  to  me,  as  it  puts  it  in  the  class  of 
historical  relics. 

Very  truly, 
'  MRS.  B.  M.  PACKARD. 

(10)     See  Journal  No.  1,  Vol.  3,  pp.  27-28-29. 


CORRESPONDENCE  79 

Chicago,  June  9,  191 5. 
To  the  Editor  of  S Prague's  Journal  of  Maine  History: 

I  note  in  May  No.  that  you  refer  to  Whig  doggerel  of  1840-1, 

and  purport  to  give  the  "first  line".     Is  not  this  a  little  in  error? 

Some  years  ago  in  Western  Kansas  I  met  an  old  pioneer  and 

was  introduced  to  him  as  being  from  Maine.     Oh  yes  he  knew  all 

about  me  and  he  launched  forth: 

"Oh  have  you  heard  the  news   from  Maine. 
From  Maine  all  honest  and  true 
She's  gone  hell  bent  for  Governor  Kent 
For  Tippacanoe  and  Tyler  too." 
A  little  further  inquiry  proved  that  it  was  about  all  he  did  know 
of  Maine,  but  he  had  sung  the  song  during  the  Campaign. 

Yours  truly, 

T.  H.  SMITH. 


Old  Town,  Me.,  July  2,  191 5. 
Editor  of  Sprague's  Journal  of  Maine  History: 

Upon  reading  Vol.  2  of  your  valuable  publication,  "Sprague's 
Journal  of  Maine  History",  I  find  mentioned  on  page  88,  the 
names  of  Moses  Pearson  &  John  East.  I  have  a  deed  which  has  been 
handed  down  (among  other  papers),  conveying  land  in  Falmouth, 
to  Edward  &  John  Tyng  in  1832.  It  is  signed  by  Moses  Pearson, 
James  Winslow  &  John  East,  "Proprietors  Committee  for  laying  out 
the  common  land  in  Falmouth."  The  certificate  on  the  back  is  as 
follows:  "The  within  Bounds  of  land  or  flats,  Recorded  in  the 
proprietors  Book  of  Records  for  Falmouth,  November  20,  1732,  pr. 
Moses  Pearson,  Proprietor  Clerk." 

The  above  is,  probably,  of  not  any  direct  importance  to  you,  but 
in  a  general  way  I  thought  it  might  be  of  interest  to  learn  a  little 
more  of  the  persons  named  in  the  Journal. 

Yours  very  truly, 

H.  HILLIARD. 


As  we  have  already  remarked  in  these  columns  it  is  the  most  en- 
terprising business  men  in  a  town  that  does  the  most  advertising. 
This  is  well  illustrated  in  this  issue  of  the  Journal. 


8o        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE  HISTORY 


Maine  Local  Histories 

Mr.  A.  J.  Huston,  .92  Exchange  Street,  Portland,  Maine,  the 
well  known  dealer  in  new  and  old  books,  and  who  makes  a  specialty 
of  all  books,  pamphlets,  etc.,  relating  to  the  State  of  Maine,  has 
recently  issued  a  valuable  little  booklet  entitled  "A  Check  List  of 
Maine  Local  Histories".  26  pages  are  devoted  to  town  histories, 
lists  of  regimental  and  county  histories,  general  histories  of  the 
state,  county  atlases,  historical  society  collections,  historical  and 
genealogical  magazines,  ecclesiastical  histories,  legislative  session 
laws,  etc.    Price  50  cts. 


In  Skowhegan,  Madison,  Dover-Foxcroft,  Greenville,  Guilford, 
etc.,  it  has  been  the  live  wire  business  men  whose  names  appear 
herein.  Take  the  town  of  Guilford  as  an  example.  There  is 
probably  not  a  town  in  Maine  of  its  size  that  has  more  country 
trade  come  to  its  merchants;  that  has  more  business  center  in  it 
from  miles  beyond  its  borders  than  that  town  and  they  have  always 
been  among  the  most  liberal  advertisers. 


New  Mount  Kineo  House  and  Annex 

Moosehead   Lake,  Kineo,  Maine 

In  the  Centre  of  the  Great  Wilderness  on  a   Peninsula  Under  the 
Shadow  of  Mount  Kineo 

On  the  east  side  of  the  most  beautiful  lake  in  New  England,  forty 
miles  long  and  twenty  miles  wide,  dotted  with  islands,  and  with  hundreds 
of  smaller  lakes  and  streams  in  easy  proximity,  in  the  midst  of  some  of  the 
grandest  scenery  in  America,  is  the 

NEW  MOUNT  KINEO  HOUSE  and  ANNEX 

recently  remodeled  and  with  many  improvements  adtled:  making  it  second  to  none  for 
comfort,  convenience  and  recreation. 

II  is  a  Palace  in  the  Maine  woods  and  in  the  heart  of  the  jrreat  same  region. 

This  region  leads  all  others  for  trout  and  salmon,  Spring  and  Summer  fishing. 

The    NEW    MOUNT    KINEO    HOUSE    opens    June    27,    remaining 
open    to  September  28th.     New  Annex  opens   May    16,    closes    Sept.  28 

WRITE   FOR    ILLUSTRATED    BOOKLET, 

containing  full  description  of  its  attractions  for  health  and  pleasure  during  the  Summer 
season.     First-class  transportation  facilities  offered  during  the  seasons. 

Ricker  Hotel  Company,  Kineo,  Maine, 

C.   f\.    JUDKINS,    Manager. 


■l»Mf 


CONTENTS 


THE  WORK  OF 

SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL 
OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

has  been  heartily  endorsed  by  the  press  of  Maine 
and  other  leading  Journals  in  the  country  and  by 
many  of  the  most  prominent  men  of  Maine  and 
New  England. 

Thus  we  desire  to  call  your  attention  to  the  fact  that  this  is  the 
only  publication  in  the  world  today  that  is  devoted  exclusively  to 
the  advancement  of  historical  subjects  and  historical  research  along 
the  lines  of  Maine's  early  history. 

We  need  the  hearty  aid  and  co-operation  ot  every  person  in 
Maine  interested  in  this  matter.  If  you  are  not  a  subscriber,  kind- 
ly send  your  name  and  address  with  one  dollar  for  one  year's  sub- 
scription. If  you  are  already  a  subscriber,  bear  in  mind  that  the 
success  of  the  enterprise  owes  much  to  prompt  payments. 

Spragues  Journal  of  Maine  History 
DOVER,   MAINE 


CONTENTS 

Brief   Notes   on  Ancient  Kennebec    83 

Swan    Island    89 

Georgetown.  Maine,  the  Ancient  and  the  Modern 91 

Historical  Field  Days  at  Castine,  Maine 93 

Ralph  Farnham,  a   Bunker  Hill   Patriot 95 

A  Famous  Lawsuit   98 

Honorable  Elias    Dudley,    Political   Correspondence 101 

List  of  Members  of  First  Congregational  Church,  Bangor 106 

Aroostook,   poem    no 

Society   American    Wars no 

Descendants  of  Rev  John  Lovejoy 112 

The    Pines   of    Maine,    poem 115 

Hidd°fo'  L  Mame.  Cemetery   Irscri-.tions  116 

The   Eveleth   Family 121 

The  Cabot  Expedition    123 

The  Study  of  Maine  History  in  Our  Schools 124 

A  Valuable   Ancient  Record 126 

Notes    and    Fragments     127 

Sayings    of    Subscribers 129 


82        SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE  HISTORY 


Nlvv  OnmeJ _BiAc/~  *£yfy  L*J«z   h~ Sfaiic  it&r. 
w  Mile*. 


15  >]3ea 
Cvdm y  jfPtyTrumtfi Deed  ^Patent  £•  QrfimusfPlY"i>nuA\ 

\ta£aue^hothn<uiff'd  r/te  I  ,      /^i    A      , 


Ancient  Map  of  the  Kennebec  Region,  Republished  by  the  Massa- 
chusetts Historical  Society  in  1912. 


Sprague's  Journal  of  Maine    History 

Vol.  Ill  OCTOBER,  1915  No.  3 

Brief  Notes  on  Ancient  Kennebec 

By  the  Editor. 

Every  son  and  daughter  of  Maine  whether  residing  within  the 
limits  of  the  Pine  Tree  State  or  not  is  proud  of  the  river  Kennebec, 
which  majestic  stream  unites  the  greatest,  most  beautiful  and  grand- 
est inland  lake  in  all  New  England,  with  the  mighty  ocean  whose 
tides  ebb  and  flow  upon  the  shores  of  other  lands  and  countries 
where  inhabitants  speak  in  tongues  unfamiliar  to  us.  This  river 
rises  in  Moosehead  Lake  which  has  an  area  of  115  square  miles.1  Its 
drainage  basin  embraces  a  total  of  5,970  square  miles  or  about  one- 
fifth  of  the  total  water  area  of  the  State,2  and  reaches  from  the 
Canada  line  to  the  ocean.  The  length  of  the  river  from  the  lake 
to  Merrymeeting  Bay,  including  the  more  considerable  windings,  is 
about  140  miles,3  is  fed  by  152  lakes  and  large  ponds,4  and  courses 
its  way  through  three  counties  in  Maine,  viz :  Somerset,  Kennebec 
and  Sagadahoc. 

And  the  sturdy  people  of  the  valley  of  the  Kennebec,  who  for 
three  centuries  have  been  at  the  front  in  the  struggle  for  the  advance- 
ment of  American  civilization  in  Maine,  command  our  homage  in 
no  less  a  degree.  The  word  Kennebec  is  of  undoubted  Indian  origin, 
but  its  exact  significance  or  definition  is  not  well  known.5  The 
Delaware  Indians,  formally  a  powerful  and  heroic  people,  who  had 
family  alliances  and  possessions  as  far  north  as  the  river  St.  John, 
bequeathed  to  us  a  tradition  that  its  meaning  was  "They  who 
Thanked."6 

Pale  face  braves,  of  more  modern  times,  love  to  call  Kennebec 
County  "Imperial  Kennebec."     The  complete  aptness  of  this  term 


'Report  of   State  Water  Storage  Commission   ( 1911 )   p.  243. 

2Ib.  p.  219. 

3Ib.  p.  219. 

JIb.  p.  268. 

°Hodge's  Hand  Book  of  American  Indians  published  by  the  Smithsonian 
Institute  (1907)  gives  it:  "at  the  long  water."  It  appears  in  early  writings 
as  Kenebec,  Kenebecka,  Kenebeke. 

"Maine  Historical  Colls.,  Vol.  4,  page  115. 


84        SPRAGUE'S    JOURNAL   OF    MAINE   HISTORY' 

must  be  apparent  to  all  who  have  been  observers  of  or  participants  in 
the  fortunes  of  Maine  politics  for  the  past  half  century.  Political 
platforms  may  come  and  go,  strong  political  organizations  may  arise 
and  fall,  it  matters  not  what  the  vicissitudes  and  changes  in  Maine 
may  be  or  whatever  party  may  be  in  power,  it  is  generally  Kennebec 
statesmen  and  politicians  who  speak  the  final  word  as  to  what 
policy  shall  prevail  or  who  shall  hold  the  offices. 

But,  seriously  speaking,  the  citizenship  of  this  region  of  the  Ken- 
nebec has  ever  been  a  grand  one,  formed  upon  the  immovable  rocks 
of  intelligence  and  integrity  and  unsurpassed  by  any  in  the  world. 
Therefore,  it  is  of  interest  to  know  of  its  sources  and  the  beginnings 
of  these  thrifty,  cultured  and  prosperous  communities  in  the  Ken- 
nebec Valley.  It  was  a  wise  old  prophet  who  in  his  day  of  stress 
and  trouble  "commanded  the  histories  and  the  chronicles  for  former 
times  to  be  brought  to  him.'" 

Sixteen  years  before  the  Pilgrim  Fathers  landed  at  Plymouth  and 
one  hundred  and  seventy-two  years  before  the  United  States  Gov- 
ernment had  its  birth  and  when  Shakespeare,  Bacon  and  Ben  John- 
son were  laying  the  foundation  for  our  immortal  Anglo-Saxon  lit- 
erature, DeMonts  in  sailing  along  the  coast  of  Maine  discovered 
the  Kennebec  and  took  possession  of  the  country  contiguous  to  its. 
mouth  in  the  name  of  his  sovereign  the  King  of  France. 

But  it  was  not  until  1607  that  an  attempt  was  made  to  plant  a 
permanent  colony  here  and  that  was  done  by  the  English  and  is 
known  in  history  as  the  Popham  Colony.  Sir  John  Popham,  Chief 
Justice  of  England,  and  Sir  Ferdinando  Gorges  were  its  promoters 
and  George  Popham,  a  nephew  of  the  Chief  Justice,  was  its  head  or 
general  manager  and  commanded  the  vessel  which  brought  them 
over.  While  it  was  the  first  English  colony  to  land  on  the  coast  of 
New  England,  and  although  these  colonies  erected  a  fort,  called 
Fort  St.  George,  for  defence  and  houses  for  shelter  and  built  a  ship 
for  fishing,  the  adventure  was  doomed  for  failure.  George  Popham 
died  and  the  duty  of  governing  the  colony  devolved  upon  Raleigh 
Gilbert,  who  soon  became  discouraged  and  in  a  few  months  from 
the  time  of  their  arrival  here  those  who  had  survived,  sailed  back  to 
England.  Yet  as  Prof.  Chapman  of  Bowdoin  College  well  said  in 
his  able  address  at  the  ter-centenary  observance  of  this  event ;  "but 
that  colony  was  the  beginning  of  English  occupancy  of  New  Eng- 


'Esther  VI-I  (Catholic  Version). 


BRIEF    NOTES    ON    ANCIENT   KENNEBEC  85 


land,  the  beginning  of  English  shipbuilding  on  the  American  coast, 
the  beginning  of  self-government  in  a  colony  still  dependent  upon 
the  mother  country  and  its  laws ;  and  it  must  have  the  respect  which, 
as  Emerson  says,  always  belongs  to  first  things." 

This  was  a  wonderful  age  of  the  world's  greatest  and  most  cour- 
ageous explorers  and  adventurers.  And  among  them  was  the  most 
remarkable  and  picturesque  character  that  is  to  be  found  anywhere 
in  Maine's  early  history  or  in  the  whole  history  of  the  beginnings 
of  America,  Captain  John  Smith.  He  has  attracted  the  attention  of 
historians,  poets  and  romancers  alike.  His  own  tales  of  his  marvelous 
exploits  in  the  Orient  in  his  younger  days  and  in  Virginia  in  later 
life,  have  been  written  of  by  scores  of  writers  and  critics  and  he 
has  been  both  extolled  as  a  hero  and  condemned  as  a  fraud.  Yet  his- 
life  work  in  which  mystery  and  romance,  doubt,  error  and  truth  are 
strangely  intermixed,  will  forever  remain  as  one  of  the  most  inter- 
esting and  entertaining  annals  of  early  American  history.  His  first 
visit  to  the  north  Atlantic  coast,  then  known  as  North  Virginia,  was 
in  1614,  and  it  was  his  efforts  with  the  King  that  caused  its  name 
to  be  changed  to  New  England.  In  April  of  that  year  he  arrived 
at  Monhegan  where  he  remained  two  or  three  months  when  he  built 
seven  boats,  in  which  he  sent  his  men  on  fishing  excursions,  while 
he  in  a  small  boat  explored  the  coast,  trading  with  the  natives,  and 
gathering  such  information  relating  to  the  country  its  bays,  rivers 
and  lands,  as  he  could  obtain.  As  a  result  of  this  voyage  he  carried' 
back  to  the  English  markets  as  he  related,  "11,000  beavers,  200 
martins  and  otters,  40,000  dry  fish  and  7,000  cod  fish,  corned  and 
pickled." 

In  1620,  a  charter  was  granted  by  James  the  First,  to  forty 
"Noblemen,  Knights  and  Gentlemen"  under  the  title  of  "The  Coun- 
cil established  at  Plymouth,  in  the  County  of  Devon,  for  planting, 
ruling  and  governing  New  England  in  America."  Through  their 
territory  flowed  this  river  of  Kennebec,  then  sometimes  known  in 
history  as  the  Sagadahoc. 

Bradford  and  his  associates  obtained  a  grant  from  the  Council 
of  Plymouth,  of  the  land  where  they  had  settled  in  Massachusetts. 
Their  first  trading  adventure  up  the  Kennebec  was  in  1625.  In  the 
autumn  of  that  year  they  sailed  up  the  river  in  a  shallop  loaded  with 
corn  under  the  command  of  Edward  Winslow.  This  they  bartered 
with  the  Indians  for  "700  pounds  of  beaver,  besides  other  furs."  This 
encouraged  them  to  make  further  efforts  to  establish  trade  here  and 
in  1628  they  established  a  trading  post  near  the  mouth  of  the  river 


So        SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL   OF    MAINE   HISTORY 

and  near  the  site  of  Popham's  fort.  In  1629,  William  Bradtord  and 
his  associates  obtained  a  grant  of  land  upon  the  Kennebec  river. 
This  grant  embraced : 

All  that  tract  of  land,  or  part  of  New  England  in  America,  which  lieth 
within  or  between,  and  extendeth  itself  from,  the  utmost  limits  of  Cobbise- 
conte,  alias  Comasseconte,  which  adjoineth  to  the  river  Kenebeck,  alias 
Kenebekike,  towards  the  western  ocean,  and  a  place  called  the  Falls,  at 
Xeguamkike,  in  America  aforesaid,  and  the  space  of  fifteen  English  miles 
on  each  side  of  the  said  river  commonly  called  the  Kenebeck  river,  and  all 
the  river  Kenebeck,  that  lies  within  said  limits. 

In  1635  we  find  about  one  hundred  white  settlers  upon  the  Ken- 
nebec patent. 

Two  of  the  most  powerful  tribes  of  the  great  Abanka  nation  of 
Indians  had  their  original   homes  here   when  the  white  man   first 


Meeting-House    erected    in    what    is    now     Augusta,    Maine,    in    178- 


stepped  upon  this  ground,  the  Cannabas  and  the  Norridgewocks. 
The  home  of  the  former  was  where  is  now  Augusta  and  Winslow 
and  the  territory  between  these  places.  The  principal  village  of 
the  Norridgewocks  was  about  where  the  present  town  of  Norridge- 
wock  is  now  located. 

The  first  war  of  the  Indians  against  the  Whites  broke  out  in  June, 
[675.  At  this  time  the  settlements  on  the  Kennebec  were  at  the 
mouth  of  the  river,  where  there  were  trading  posts  and  forts. 
Thomas  Purchase  in  1654  purchased  an  extensive  tract  of  land  on 
the   river   Andros,   of   the    Indians,   and   resided  near  the   Falls  at 


BRIEF    NOTES    ON    ANCIENT    KENNEBEC  87 


Brunswick  on  his  Pejepscot  patent,  where  he  traded  with  the  natives 
forty  or  fifty  years  acquiring  a  large  estate/ 

Ahout  this  time  Richard  Hammond  had  erected  a  trading  house 
and  fortification  on  Arroonsic  Island  and  a  trading  house  at  Ticonic 
Falls.  Hammond  robbed  the  Indians  of  furs.  He  was  killed  and 
sixteen  persons  taken  prisoners  by  the  Indians  in  August,  167'). 

During  King  Williams'  War  in  1688,  homes  on  the  north  margin 
of  Merrymeeting  Bay  were  plundered  and  destroyed  and  the  inhab- 
itants barbarously  murdered  during  this  war.  The  captives  were 
generally  sent  to  Ticonic.  At  this  time  is  the  first  record  of  Indians 
taken  as  prisoners,  being  sold  to  the  French  in  Canada  as  slaves. 

About  the  time  of  the  settlement  of  Quebec,  Father  Biard,  a 
French  Jesuit,  visited  the  Canibas  Indians  upon  the  Kennebec.  He 
impressed  them  favorably.  The  rude  altar  improvised  by  Father 
Biard,  near  Sheepscot,  was  the  first  one  erected  on  the  Kennebec. 
Father  Biard  appeared  before  the  Savages  twice  in  the  character  of 
officiating  priest. 

About  1646  Father  Druilletts  went  down  through  the  wilderness 
from  Quebec  by  canoe  and  on  foot  with  only  some  little  parcels  con- 
taining the  missal  and  crucifix,  a  few  priestly  garments,  a  small  box 
of  medicines  and  some  bread  and  wine  for  the  mass.  On  his  way  he 
stopped  at  Old  Point  in  Norridgewock,  destined  within  the  next 
three-quarters  of  a  century  to  be  the  scene  of  a  b'oody  tragedy  that 
disgraced  the  pages  of  New  England  history ;  here  he  tarried  with 
the  Norridgewock  tribe  for  a  week. 

John  Winslow  was  then  trading  at  Cushnoc,  now  Augusta.  He 
visited  Winslow  and  was  the  guest  of  this  distinguished  Pilgrim  for  a 
few  days.  Although  at  first  not  understanding  eachother's  language 
by  the  aid  of  interpreters  they  soon  became  warm  friends.  He  soon 
engaged  in  the  duties  for  which  he  was  sent  there  by  his  Superior, 
which  compelled  him  to  live  in  cabins  of  the  Indians,  nursing  the 
sick,  baptizing  the  dying  and  instructing  the  living. 

In  1653  the  General  Court  appointed  Thomas  Prince,  a  commis- 
sioner to  institute  a  civil  government.  He  summoned  the  inhabitants 
to  take  the  oath  of  allegiance  to  the  governments  of  England  and 
New  Plymouth  or  leave  the  patent.  A  meeting  of  the  inhabitants 
was  held  at  the  house  of  Thomas  Ashley  at  Merrymeeting  Bay, 
May  25,  1654.  Sixteen  men  were  present,  to  whom  he  administered 
the  oath  of  allegiance.     Thomas  Purchase  of  Pejepscot  was  chosen 

8Sullivan,  p.  146. 


88        SPRAGUE'S    JOURNAL    OF    MAINE    HISTORY 

"Assistant  to  the  Governor,"  and  John  Ashley,  Constable.  They 
established  laws  and  regulations  by  which  the  higher  crimes  only 
were  to  be  tried  at  New  Plymouth  by  the  General  Court.  Lesser 
crimes  were  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  Commissioner  and  his 
assistant.  Theft  was  punished  by  restitution  of  three  or  four  fold. 
Drunkenness  was  fined  for  the  first  offence  five  shillings,  ten  shillings 
for  the  second  and  the  stocks  for  the  third.  Every  inhabitant  selling 
Indians  strong  liquor  was  fined  for  the  first  offence  double  the  value 
of  the  liquor  sold,  for  the  second  quadruple.  If  the  offender  was  a 
stranger  he  was  fined  £10  for  the  first  offence  and  £20  for  the  second. 


Mr.  Robert  E.  Hall  of  Dover,  recently  called  the  attention  of 
the  writer  to  quite  an  ancient  Masonic  book  bound  in  leather  and 
containing  286  pages.     Its  title  is  as  follows : 

"The  Constitution  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Fraternity 
of  Free  and  Accepted  Masons :  Containing  their  History, 
Charges,  Addresses,  &c. 

Collected  and  digested  from  their  Old  Records,  faithful  Tra- 
ditions, and  Lodge  Books.  For  the  Use  of  Masons,  to  which 
are  added,  The  History  of  Masonry  in  the  Commonwealth  of 
Massachusetts,  And  The  Constitution,  Laws,  and  Regulations 
of  their  Grand  Lodge,  together  with  a  Large  Collection  of 
Songs,  Epilogues,  &c. 

Printed  at  Worcester,  Massachusetts,  By  Brother  Isaiah 
Thomas,  In  the  Christian  Era  MDCCXCII ;  in  the  year  of 
Light  VMDCCXCII." 

In  it  appears  the  appointment  by  the  Grand  Lodge  of  the  Com- 
monwealth of  Massachusetts  made  "on  evening  of  the  second  day 
of  April,  1792,"  of  a  committee  with  full  power  to  "Consider  and 
Compile"  this  book  composed  of  the  following: 

"Brethren  John  Warren,  Moses  M.  Hays,  Paul  Revere,  Aaron 
Dexter,  William  Scollay,  Thaddeus  M.  Harris,  John  Lowell,  Samuel 
Dunn,  James  Jackson,  Samuel  Barrett,  William  Little,  Samuel 
Parkman  and  John  Flemming. 

On  one  of  its  fly  leaves  appears  the  following  penciling: 
"Presented   to   Mosaic  Lodge  by  Brother  Russell  Kittredge  of 
Milo." 


SWAN    ISLAND  89 


Swan  Island 

Sailing  up  the  Kennebec  River  on  a  summer's  morning,  gliding 
between  the  banks  of  that  silvery  thread  of  water  into  the  heart  of 
Maine,  says  Elvira  Andrews  Webber,  in  the  Lewiston  Journal,  the 
traveller  on  a  Boston  steamer,  finally  reaches  the  Dresden  shores. 

Then,  if  not  before,  he  is  alert.  Banks  of  emerald  float  past  him; 
tints  of  birch,  beech,  maple,  oak,  the  heavy  green  of  spruce,  and 
pine,  and  hemlock,  Nature  at  her  loveliest,  salutes  him.  A  crow 
caws  on  the  Dresden  shore!    There  is  Swan  Island! 

Just  here  the  Kennebec  is  starred  with  germs  of  green.  Big  Swan 
Island  has  a  namesake  in  Little  Swan  Island,  and  a  short  distance 
north  of  it  is  Spaulding's  Island.  There  are  other  little  jewels,  too, 
not  bigger  than  your  hand.  Big  Swan  Island  is  perhaps  three  or 
four  miles  in  length,  and  a  varying  mile  or  half  mile  in  width. 
The  others  are  much  smaller.  These  islands  lie  between  the  Dresden 
and  Richmond  and  Bowdoinham  shores.  They  are  a  favorite  resort 
of  picnickers  and  summer  people. 


In  1750  the  Plymouth  Company  map  mentions  but  a  single  settler 
on  Swan  Island.  That  was  Capt.  James  Whidden.  He  had  325 
acres.  All  the  rest  of  the  island,  ''about  850  acres,"  and  Little  Swan 
Island  also,  was  granted  in  1758  to  Doctor  Silvester  Gardiner. 
Doctor  Gardiner  was  an  extensive  owner  of  Kennebec  lands.  He 
founded  the  town  of  Gardiner  a  few  miles  north  of  Swan  Island  on 
the  western  bank  of  the  river,  and  it  was  to  him  that  old  Fort  Rich- 
mond, which  overlooked  the  channels  on  either  side  of  the  island, 
was  ceded  in  1755  when  it  became  no  longer  necessary  as  a  military 
station. 

Some  of  these  Kennebec  lands  of  Doctor  Gardiner's  were  con- 
fiscated at  the  time  of  the  Revolution,  and  Swan  Island  was  among 
them.  In  after  years,  however,  it  came  back  into  the  hands  of  his 
descendants,  and  appears  to  have  been  a  loved  spot  with  them. 

A  daughter  of  Doctor  Gardiner,  Rebecca,  in  1763  married  Phiilip 
Dumaresq  of  Boston.  Their  son,  James,  married  Sarah  Farwell 
of  Vassalborough,  Me.,  in  1797,  and  settled  in  the  old  house 
which  his  grandfather,  Doctor  Gardiner,  had  built  on  the  island 
about    1756. 

This  house,  surrounded  by  rich  grass  lands  and  noble  shade 
trees,   looked   east  toward   Little   Swan   Island.     A   narrow   chan- 


90        SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL    OF    MAINE    HISTORY 

iiel  separates  the  two,  and  the  spot  is  ideal.  The  old  house  is 
today  known  as  the  Dumaresq  house,  and  looks  much  as  it  did 
in  the  long  ago,  with  its  wide  porch,  the  long  roof  sloping  low  at 
the  back,  and  its  big  chimney.  It  is  now  the  property  of  Dr.  E.  C. 
Hebbard,  a  well-known  medical  practitioner  of  Boston,  whose  f  amity 
spend  a  few  delightful  months  here  each  summer. 

But  a  daughter  of  this  Dumaresq  family  on  Swan  Island,  Jane 
Frances  Rebecca,  who  from  all  accounts  was  very  beautiful,  married 
a  Boston  merchant,  Col.  Thomas  Handasych  Perkins.  It  was  for 
this  Colonel  Perkins  that  the  Perkins  Institute  for  the  blind  at 
South  Boston  was  named.  After  his  retirement  from  business,  the 
family  lived  at  the  island  during  the  summer  months  in  a  handsome 
house  which  Colonel  Perkins  had  built  a  hundred  yards  north  of 
the  Dumaresq  house  on  a  timbered  bluff  commanding  a  fine  view 
of  the  river.  This  house  was  burned  in  1839,  and  a  smaller  house 
took  its  place. 

Swan  Island  was  in  1760  a  part  of  the  town  of  Pownalborough. 
In  1794  it  became  a  part  of  the  town  of  Dresden.  In  1847  ^ 
became  a  town  by  itself,  and  has  so  remained.  It  was  called  the 
town  of  Perkins  for  the  Perkins  family. 


The  following  we  clip  from  a  Maine  newspaper: 
In  the  Hunnewell  cemetery  near  the  home  of  Silas  Hunnewell,  seven 
miles  above  Bingham,  on  the  west  side  of  the  Kennebec  river  there  are 
the  unmarked  graves  of  two  Revolutionary  soldiers.  These  are  Joseph  Kirk, 
who  died  in  1775  and  Samuel  Briggs,  who  died  in  1840.  Kirk  was  one 
of  the  soldiers  in  Benedict  Arnold's  Quebec  expedition.  Tradition  has  it 
that  he  was  ill  and  had  to  be  left  behind  with  one  or  two  men  to  care  for 
him.  The  campfire  burned  off  an  old  pine  stump  which  fell  upon  Kirk  and 
injured  him  so  that  he  died.  He  was  first  buried  near  where  his  death 
occurred  on  land  which  was  afterwards  the  J.  Q.  A.  Williams  place.  Sixty 
or  more  years  after  his  interment  the  body  was  transferred  to  its  present 
resting  place  by  Mr  .Williams  just  mentioned,  Cyrus  Briggs  and  Mr.  Later. 
Cyrus  Briggs  was  the  son  of  the  original  settler  who  came  to  that  section  in 
about  1800  and  is  said  to  have  selected  his  farm  on  account  of  a  small 
clearing  which  had  been  made  for  a  camping  place  by  Arnold's  men.  The 
other  grave  is  that  of  Samuel  Briggs  also  a  soldier  in  the  Revolutionary 
Army,  but  who  survived  until   1840. 


GEORGETOWN,  MAINE  91 

Georgetown,  Maine 
The  Ancient  and  the  Modern 

By  Rev.  Henry  O.  Thayer. 

Frequently  noticed  has  been  the  lack  of  clear  apprehension  by 
historical  writers  of  the  unstable  geography  and  civil  constitution  of 
this  ancient  town.  They  present  exceptional  features.  The  per- 
manent settlement  was  built  above  the  desolation  of  three  Indian 
wars. 

After  the  treaty  of  Utrecht  the  several  land  proprietors,  heirs 
and  assigns  holding  under  Indian  deeds  from  1639  to  1661,  planned 
to  reoccupy.  The  initiatory  enterprise  was  undertaken,  by  Boston 
owners,  at  Arrowsic,  an  island  lying  in  the  Sagadahoc  or  Kennebec 
river,  eight  miles  from  the  sea.  The  proprietors  offered  4000  acres, 
100  each  to  40  men  who  would  enter  and  build,  and  improve  three 
years.  By  this  liberal  policy  a  thriving  community  was  soon  estab- 
lished. 

Massachusetts  promising  new  settlements  showed  to  these  mana- 
gers and  tenants  what  seems  to  be  extraordinary  favors,  for  at  the 
outset,  when  but  few  houses  were  built,  it  gave  to  the  prospective 
settlement  the  rights  of  an  incorporated  town.  This  was  done  in 
May,  1716.  Eighteen  months  previously  a  new  king  had  been 
crowned  in  England,  George  I,  and  in  honor,  his  name  was  applied 
to  this  new  town  in  his  Western  dominions,  George-town,  simply 
and  only  the  island  of  Arrowsic.  Some  of  his  loyal  subjects  wished 
to  do  more  for  their  soverign  of  the  house  of  Hanover  by  casting 
aside  the  island's  aboriginal  name,  and  did  for  a  time  write  "George- 
town  on   Hanover   Island." 

While  a  score  of  years  went  by  settlers  came  in  on  the  outlying 
lands.  They  also  desired  similar  privileges  and  accordingly  all  the 
territory  from  Merrymeeting  bay  to  the  ocean  was  united  to  the 
central  island  town  constituting  one  large  municipality  20  miles  in 
length  along  the  dividing  river.  The  new  enlarged  town  still  retained 
the  former  name  Georgetown.  It  began  legal  existence  in  1738,  and 
records  from  that  date  are  extant.  The  record  book  of  previous 
years  was  unfortunately  lost. 

This  first  Sagadahoc  town  had  been  constructed  by  addition. 
Alter  a  score  of  years  it  began  to  suffer  by  subtraction.  The  north- 
east section  was  cut  away  in  1759  to  form  Woolwich.     The  opposite 


92        SFRAGUE'S   JOURNAL   OF    MAINE   HISTORY 

section  west  of  the  river  became  Bath  in  1781,  and  long  after,  1844, 
its  western  side  was  sliced  off  for  a  new  town,  West  Bath.  The 
peninsula  on  the  southwest  became  Phipsburg  in  1814.  Then 
Georgetown  comprised  only  Parker's  island  and  Arrowsic,  the  rem- 
nant east  of  the  river.  At  length  the  latter  wished  to  set  up  for 
itself  and  seceded  in  1841,  and  took  for  a  town  name  the  ancient 
island  name,  Arrowsic.  Bereft  of  its  municipal  companions  the 
ancient  Rescoheagan,  or  Parker's  Island,  as  if  a  residuary  legatee 
was  left  in  possession  of  the  dismembered  town's  name  with  old 
records  and  still  holds  it,  Georgetown.  Hence  the  curious  fact,  the 
small  island  which  had  at  first  received,  and  singly  borne,  and  next 
jointly  shared  the  name  for  25  years,  lost  it,  and  it  fell  to  its  larger 
neighbor  island. 

The  territory  which  was  constituted  Georgetown  in   1738,  now 
comprises  five  towns  and  one  city. 


AJbridged : 

GEORGETOWN,  MAINE. 

Its  Municipal  Changes. 

17 16.  The  name  given  at  incorporation  to  Arrowsic  alone,  the  newly 
settled  island  within  the  Sagadahoc  or  Kennebec  river. 

1738.  Adjacent  territory  on  the  east  and  the  west  of  the  river, 
annexed,  the  name  unchanged. 

1759.     Woolwich  on  the  northeast  taken  off. 

1 781.     Also  Bath  on  the  west  and  northwest. 

1814.     The  southwest  peninsula  became  Phipsburg. 

1 84 1.  The  island  Arrowsic  became  again  a  separate  town  by  that 
name. 

1841.  By  the  separation  the  name  Georgetown  was  left  to  the  east- 
ern island,  Parker's  or  Recoheagan,  long  possessed  by  John 
Parker  but  conveyed  by  formal  deed  Feb..  27,  1650. 

1844.  A  west  side  section  of  Bath  became  the  town  of  West  Bath. 
The  Georgetown  of  1738  equals  now  five  towns  and  one 
city. 


HISTORICAL  FIELD  DAYS  AT  CASTINE,  MAINE      93 

Historical  Field  Days  at 
Castine,  Maine 

On  July  14-15,  191 5,  the  Bangor  and  the  Piscataquis  Historical 
Societies  united  in  an  excursion  to  the  historic  town  of  Castine, 
having  been  invited  by  the  live  and  enterprising  Board  of  Trade  of 
that  town. 

The  sail  down  the  Penobscot  river  was  a  beautiful  one,  the  day 
was  fine  and  the  event  proved  to  be  a  gala  day  for  all  who  were 
fortunate  enough  to  attend. 

Ihe  literary  and  historical  exercises  were  of  the  highest  order 
and  were  listened  to  by  intelligent  and  appreciative  audiences. 

On  the  evening  of  Wednesday,  July  14,  in  the  Emerson  Memorial 
town  hall  the  meeting  was  called  to  order  by  Mr.  W.  H.  Hooper, 
president  of  the  Castine  Board  of  Trade,  who  introduced  Honorable 
W.  A.  Walker,  who  made  an  appropriate  and  eloquent  address  of 
welcome.  This  was  responded  to  by  Honorable  Henry  Lord,  presi- 
dent of  the  Bangor  Historical  Society,  and  John  Francis  Sprague, 
president  of  the  Piscataquis  Historical  Society 

This  meeting  was  then  presided  over  by  President  Lord.  After 
excellent  music  by  the  Castine  Orchestra,  and  remarks  by  Congress- 
man Guernsey  of  Dover,  Dr.  Wm.  C.  Mason  of  Bangor,  and  others, 
Mr.  Charles  W.  Noyes  of  New  York  and  a  native  of  Castine,  deliv- 
ered a  scholarly  and  able  address  which  the  Journal  will  publish  in 
the  near  future,  on  "Fort  Pentagoet  and  the  early  Beginnings  of 
Castine."  This  was  followed  by  an  equally  able  and  valuable  address 
by  George  A.  Wheeler,  A.  M.  M.  D.,  long  a  resident  of  Castine  and 
author  of  "History  of  Castine,"  one  of  the  most  valuable  of  Maine's 
town  histories  on  "Castine  in  the  Revolutionary  Period  and  during 
the  War  of  1812." 

The  day  of  July  15  was  well  and  profitably  spent  by  the  visitors, 
ii.  viewing  the  historic  spots  and  ancient  landmarks  in  old  Castine,. 
which  are  so  indentified  and  well  preserved  by  many  tablets  and 
markers.     Altogether  there  are  about  55  tablets  and  29  markers. 

Professor  W'arren  K.  Moorehead  of  the  Department  of  Arch- 
aeology, Phillips  Academy,  Andover,  Mass.,  who  is  in  charge  of 
men  making  excavations  and  investigations  of  the  shellheaps  and 
other  evidences  of  the  pre-historic  Indians  along  the  coast  of  Castine 
Bay  and  Penobscot  river,  furnished  the  members  with  free  trans- 
portation in  motor  boats  to  inspect  his  work  there. 


94        SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL   OF    MAINE    HISTORY 

The  Board  of  Trade,  the  citizens  and  the  summer  visitors  gener- 
ously provided  all  with  autos  and  motor  boats  for  all  of  this  sight 
seeing. 

In  the  evening  of  Thursday,  July  15,  in  the  historic  old  Unitarian 
Church  a  meeting  equally  as  interesting  as  the  former  was  held  and 
was  presided  over  by  President  Sprague  of  the  Piscataquis  Society. 
The  program  for  the  evening  was  "The  Taverns,  Stage  Drivers  and 
Newspapers  of  Castine,"  Mrs.  Louise  Wheeler  Bartlett  of  Castine ; 
"The  Pre-Colonial  Indians,"  Professor  Warren  K.  Moorehead  of 
Andover,  Mass. ;  "The  Dutch  at  Castine,"  Mr.  Charles  W.  Noyes  of 
of  New  York;  "Maine  in  1920,"  Edward  M.  Blanding  of  Bangor. 
These  several  addresses  were  each  in  their  way  and  upon  their 
respective  lines  of  thought  eloquent,  instructive  and  highly  enter- 
taining, and  were  listened  to  by  a  large,  enthusiastic  and  appreciative 
audience. 

The  entire  affair  from  its  beginning  to  its  close  was  in  every  way 
a  success  and  an  inspiration  to  all  who  participated  in  it.  It  must 
surely  result  in  an  increased  interest  in  the  study  of  Maine's  early 
colonial  history  and  promote  the  cause  of  education  in  Maine  his- 
torical subjects. 

Great  credit  is  due  to  the  Castine  Board  of  Trade,  to  Castine's 
public  spirited  citzens  to  many  of  its  summer  visitors,  and  especially 
to  Mr.  Edward  M.  Blanding,  the  energetic  secretary  of  the  Bangor 
Society,  who  was  assisted  by  Judge  Edgar  C.  Smith,  the  corre- 
sponding secretary  of  the  Piscataquis  Society,  for  the  complete  suc- 
cess which  so  happily  crowned  their  persistent  efforts. 

The  members  of  the  Piscataquis  Society  feel  grateful  to  Mr. 
Blanding  and  the  Bangor  Society  for  initiating  the  movement  which 
resulted  in  this  delightful  event. 

The  entire  party  were  most  pleasantly  entertained  at  the  Acadian, 
one  of  the  most  attractive  and  commodious  hotels  on  the  Maine 
coast.  Manager  Walker  did  everything  possible  for  the  comfort  and 
pleasure  of  all  and  every  guest  left  feeling  under  personal  obligation 
to  him. 


RALPH   FARNHAM,   A   BUNKER   HILL   PATRIOT      95 

Ralph  Farnham,  a  Bunker 
Hill  Patriot 

By  Sarah  Lucas  Martin. 

Among  the  heir-looms  treasured  by  the  members  of  the  Farnham 
family  in  Dover  Maine,  is  a  picture,  autograph,  and  imperfect 
sketch  on  yellowed  paper  of  Ralph  Farnham,  the  last  survivor  of 
the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  who  died  in  Acton4  Me.,  in  1861,  in  the 
106th  year  of  his  age. 

The  likeness  and  autograph  were  obtained  the  year  previous  to 
his  death,  at  the  time  of  the  visit  of  Mr.  Farnham  to  Boston  by 
invitation  of  Gov.  Banks  and  other  distinguished  men,  to  be  present 
at  the  reception  accorded  the  Prince  of  Wales  on  his  visit  to  this 
country  in  i860.  The  invitation  reads  in  this  wise  and  is  signed 
by  N.  P.  Banks,  governor ;  F.  W.  Lincoln,  mayor ;  Edward  Everett, 
Charles  Sumner  and  some  40  other  eminent  citizens. : 

Mr.  Ralph  Farnham,  Acton,  Maine: 

We,  being  residents  of  the  city  of  Boston,  the  scene  of  our  earliest  Revo- 
lutionary struggles,  naturally  feel  a  pride  in  everything  that  reminds  us  of 
the  glorious  day  when  our  forefathers  did  battle  for  freedom.  That  genera- 
tion has  well-nigh  passed  away.  You  in  your  105th  year,  are  one  of  the  few 
connecting  links  which  unites  the  present  generation  with  that  upon  which 
the  Independence  of  our  country  dawned,  and  the  sole  survivor  of  that  gal- 
lant band  who  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill.  We  cordially  invite 
you  to  visit  Boston.  We  desire  to  see  you, — to  shake  hands  with  you,  and  to 
pay  you  that  respect  due  alike  to  your  patriarchal  age  and  to  the  part  you 
took  in  the  struggle  which  secured  our  National  Independence. 

Mr.  Farnham's  quaint  reply  follows: 

Acton,  Sept.  21st,   i860. 
Mr.  N.  B.  Banks,  Governor,  Mr.  F.  W.  Lincoln,  Mayor,  Mr.  Edzvard  Everett, 

and  others: 

I  have  received  your  invitation  to  visit  Boston.  I  thank  you  for  the  honor 
you  do  me.  When  I  'listed  in  the  American  Army  at  18  years  of  age,  and 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill  I  did  not  suppose  I  should  live  to  be 
104  years  of  age  and  be  asked  by  so  many  distinguished  men  to  visit  Boston. 
I  do  not  think  I  deserve  any  special  credit  for  the  part  I  took  in  the  Revolu- 
tion. I  only  felt  and  acted  as  others.  I  remember  distinctly  the  time  when  I 
'listed  in  May,  1775,  and  soon  after  left  home  for  Cambridge.  We  got  to 
Cambridge  the  day  before  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill.  Oh,  that  was  a  dreadful 
battle!  It  was  the  first  time  I  had  ever  took  part  in  fighting.  It  was  dread- 
ful to  take  those  eight  guns  from  the  British  and  turn  them  upon  them. 
After  that  I  served  through  three  campaigns.     I  receive  every  year  my  pen- 


96        SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL   OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


sion  of  $61.66,  though  I  have  to  pay  $4  every  year  for  a  lawyer  in  Portland 
to  get  it  for  me.  I  have  many  things  to  comfort  me,  as  I  journey  along 
through  life;  innumerable  are  the  mercies  I  am  surrounded  with,  As  to 
temporal  matters  kind,  loving  children,  faithful  friends.  As  to  spiritual,  the 
Holy  Scriptures  and  the  various  institutions  of  religion,  all  of  which  are 
designed  for  our  improvement  here  and  to  prepare  us  to  dwell  in  that 
better  world  above.  If  a  kind  Providence  spares  my  life  and  health  you 
may  expect  to  see  me  in  Boston  between  the  first  and  eighth  of  October. 

Your  friend, 

RALPH  FARNHAM. 
By  invitation  of  Paran  Stevens  proprietor  of  the  Revere  House, 
he  was  entertained  there  during  his  stay.     The  interview  the  old 

gentleman  had  with  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  was  of 
great  interest  to  both. 
He,  who  as  a  stripling  of 
18,  with  his  poorly  clad, 
half  armed  comrades, 
fought  the  h  au  g  h  t  y 
forces  of  King  George 
III,  now  after  nearly  90 
years,  as  the  sole  repre- 
sentative of  that  gallant 
band,  welcomed  and  ex- 
changed courtesies  with 
the  grandson,  while  he 
himself  was  one  of  a 
great  nation,  in  a  broad, 
free  land !  Mr.  Farn- 
ham  used  often  to  speak 
of  this  interview  with 
the  greatest  pleasure,  re- 
marking laughingly  that 
he  "tried  to  show  the 
boy  and  his  soldiers  that 
he  bore  no  anger  for  old 
times." 

Ralph  Farnham  was  born  at  Lebanon,  N.  H.,  July  7,  1756.  The 
family  originally  came  from  England.  At  18,  having  at  length 
obtained  the  consent  of  his  mother,  he  enlisted  with  several  other 
young  men  of  the  village,  and  marched  to  Cambridge,  where  Gen- 
eral Washington  had  taken  up  his  headquarters ;  arriving  the  day 
before  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill.    In  this  engagement,  he  was  in  the 


RALPH   FARNHAM, 

Revolutionary    soldier,    and    the    last    survivor 

of   the   battle    of    Bunker    Hill. 


RALPH   FARNHAM,  A   BUNKER  HILL  PATRIOT      97 

forces  under  the  command  of  Gen.  Putnam.  The  following  spring, 
he  went  with  the  army  under  Washington  to  Long  Island  and  took 
part  in  nearly  every  engagement. 

He  was  with  Washington  through  all  that  disastrous  pursuit  by 
the  British  through  New  Jersey,  and  through  all  the  terrible  winter 
at  Valley  Forge.  Subsequently,  he  was  with  the  forces  under  Gen. 
Gates,  and  remembered  all  the  points  pertaining  to  Burgoyne's  sur- 
render. He  was  on  guard  at  the  time  a  flag  of  truce  was  brought 
from  the  British  general.  It  would  serve  no  purpose  to  follow  him 
through  the  service. 

In  1780  he  retired  to  the  wilds  of  Maine  and  took  up  100  acres  of 
land  in  a  township  now  known  as  Acton.  He  was  the  first  settler  in 
this  region  and  felled  the  first  trees  in  this  section.  The  country 
for  miles  around  was  covered  with  a  dense  forest.  Here  he  first 
built  a  log  hut,  cleared  fields,  raised  crops  and  made  a  home  in  the 
wilderness.  Later  he  built  a  plain  but  comfortable  farm  house  nearby, 
brought  here  a  young  wife  and  reared  his  family  of  seven  children 
who  all  grew  to  manhood  and  womanhood. 

The  hard,  rocky  soil  yielded  but  an  ungenerous  livelihood,  and  a 
nation,  which  had  grown  strong,  and  rich,  and  powerful,  gave  to  this 
last  survivor  of  that  glorious  battle  which  largely  decided  the  fate 
of  the  colonies — gave  him  $61.66  yearly,  and  he  had  to  pay  a  Port- 
land lawyer  $4  a  year  to  get  that  for  him.  He  died,  as  has  been 
stated,  in  1861  in  his  106th  year. 

His  descendants  live,  some  in  Acton,  some  in  Kennebec  county. 
Many  relatives  live  in  Piscataquis  county.  The  Farnhams  were 
decidedly  pioneers.  Wm.  Farnham,  a  cousin,  was  the  third  settler  in 
Sangerville.  He  planted  the  first  orchard  in  that  town,  bringing  the 
young  trees  from  Garland  on  his  shoulders.  There  he  reared  his 
large  family  of  seven  sons  and  three  daughters.  Levi  O.  was  the 
fourth  of  these  sons  and  for  many  years  a  resident  of  Dover.  His 
death  occurred  October  31,  1897. 


98        SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL    OF    MAINE   HISTORY 

A  Famous  Lawsuit 

RELATING  TO  RATH  AND  THE  KENNEBEC  RIVER. 

(Wayfarer's  Notes) 

Editor's  Note:  The  late  Honorable  Joseph  W.  Porter  of  Bangor,  from 
1885  to  1895,  published  "The  Bangor  Historical  Magazine,"  and  after  its 
discontinuance  and  for  a  few  years  prior  to  his  decease,  he  contributed  to  the 
Bangor  Commercial  a  series  of  exceedingly  valuable  papers  relating  to  the 
early  history  of  Eastern  Maine. 

These  were  all  written  by  Mr.  Porter  and  published  under  the  nom  de 
plume  of  "Wayfarer"  and  known  as  "Wayfarer's  Notes." 

Like  all  of  his  historical  research  these  papers  are  of  inestimable  value  for 
their  accuracy  and  the  care  with  which  they  were  prepared. 
(Continued   from  page  18) 

THE  GUTCH  OR  GOOCH  CLAIM. 

Rev.  Robert  Gutch  or  Gooch  from  Salem  came  to  Kennebec 
river,  and  May  29,  1660,  bought  of  Robin  Hood  and  other  Indians 
a  tract  of  land  which  was  substantially  what  was  incorporated  into 
the  town  of  Bath,  Feb.  17,  1781.  This  deed  was  recorded  in  York 
records,  Vol.  2,  Folio  32,  Oct.  27,  1667.  Gutch  died  in  1666.  He 
had  a  family  of  children,  some  of  whom  lived  in  the  vicinity,  but 
nothing  is  seen  of  them  until  about  1740  when  new  settlements 
began  there  under  claims  from  the  heirs  of  Gooch.  Dr.  Silvester 
Gardiner,  with  the  consent  of  the  company  undertook  to  prosecute 
its  claim  on  the  Bath  territory.  Dr.  Gardiner  probably  for  the  pur- 
poses of  this  case  sold  out  to  David  Jeffries  of  Boston,  or  appointed 
him  as  attorney.  David  Jeffries,  clerk  of  Boston,  lessee  under  Silves- 
ter Gardiner,  by  deed  of  April  1,  1762,  brought  a  suit  against  one 
Joseph  Sergeant  of  George  Town  for : 

Twelve  thousand  acres  of  land  in  George  Town  more  or  less,  beginning  on 
the  westerly  side  of  the  Chops  of  Merrymeeting  Bay,  /thence  southerly  down 
the  Kennebec  River  as  the  river  runs  to  Winnegance  Creek,  thence  to  the 
farthest  part  of  said  Creek,  thence  by  the  nearest  and  most  direct  route  oi 
New  Meadows  Bay,  and  from  thence  along  said  Bay  westerly  and  northerly 
up  Stevens  river  and  by  said  river  and  Creek  to  the  bridge  above  the  head 
thereof,  and  from  said  bridge  north  to  Merrymeeting  Bay,  thence  north 
westerly  along  said  Bay  to  the  Chops  aforesaid,  being  the  first  mentioned 
boundary,  the  same  being  parcel  of  the  Tract  called  the  Kennebec  Purchase 
from  the  late  Colony  of  New  Plymouth. 

This  suit  was  for  the  whole,  not  a  part  of  the  town. 


A    FAMOUS    LAWSUIT  99 


The  case  was  originally  brought  in  the  inferior  court  and  by  sham 
demurrer  carried  to  the  "Superior  Court  of  Judicature."  Here  a 
new  party  appears :  Col.  Nathaniel  Donnell,  an  eminent  citizen  of 
York,  was  upon  petition  admitted  to  defend.  Jeffries  found  his 
match.  This  Nathaniel  Donnell  of  York  was  a  kinsman  (and  prob- 
ably uncle)  of  the  other  Nathaniel  Donnell,  the  settler  in  Bath  prior 
to  1750,  who  claimed  rights  under  the  Gooch  claim.  The  York  man 
bought  lands  of  the  Bath  man,  and  he  in  turn  sold  to  others,  and 
this  obliged  him  to  defend.  The  case  was  tried  at  the  term  held  in 
Cumberland  county  the  fourth  Tuesday  of  June,  1765.  The  full 
bench  of  judges  were  present,  viz:  Chief  Justice  Thomas  Hutch- 
inson of  Milton,  afterwards  lieutenant-governor ;  Benjamin  Lynde 
of  Salem,  afterwards  chief  justice,  1781 ;  John  Cushing  of  Scituate; 
Peter  Oliver,  afterward  chief  justice,  and  Edward  Trowbridge,  of 
Cambridge,  sometime  attorney-general.  The  most  able  and  efficient 
lawyers  of  the  country  were  employed  at  the  trial.  For  the  plaintiff 
were  Jeremiah  Gridley  of  Boston  attorney-general ;  James  Otis,  Jr., 
of  Boston,  the  great  patriot ;  and  William  Cushing  of  Pownalboro, 
afterward  chief  justice,  1777,  and  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  United  States.  For  the  defendant  were  William  Parker  of 
Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  afterward  judge  of  admiralty  and  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  New  Hampshire;  Daniel  Farnham  of  Newbury,  and  David 
Sewall  of  York,  afterward  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court,  1777  and 
the  first  judge  of  the  United  States  District  Court  for  Maine,  1789 
to  1818.  Such  an  array  of  judges  and  attorneys  was  never  seen  in 
Maine  before  or  since.  The  case  was  tried  and  the  jury  found  for 
Donnell  and  judgment  was  entered  upon  their  verdict.  Later  Jeffries 
brought  a  writ  of  review,  as  he  had  a  right  to  do,  and  that  was 
entered  and  tried  at  the  court  held  in  Falmouth  (Portland)  on  the 
fourth  Tuesday  of  June,  1766.  A  great  concourse  of  people  were 
present.  Parson  Smith  says  in  his  Journal :  "June  29,  Sunday,  the 
lieutenant-governor  (Sir  Francis  Bernard),  Judge  Oliver,  Mr.  Goff, 
Mr.  Winthrop  and  Mr.  Bowdoin  at  Meeting."  The  case  was  thor- 
oughly contested,  but  the  jury  under  the  instructions  of  the  court, 
brought  in  a  verdict  for  Donnell  again.  At  the  end  of  the  record  is 
the  following : 

Immediately  after  entering  up  this  judgment,  the  plaintiff  moved  for  an 
appeal  from  the  same  unto  his  majesty  in  council.  Not  granted:  the  court 
heing  of  opinion  that  by  the  royal  charter  an  appeal  does  not  lie  in  this  case. 

In  all  probability  the  defence  plead  the  Gooch  claim  and  possessory 
rights. 


ioo      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL   OF    MAINE   HISTORY 

The  Kennebec  company  were  defeated  in  the  end  and  gave  up  the 
contest. 

James  Sullivan  of  Berwick  was  a  law  student  in  1766  and  settled 
in  George  Town,  1767.  Attorney  General,  1790- 1807,  and  governor 
1807-1808.  He  wrote  a  history  of  Maine,  1795.  I  quote  from  pages 
118  and  119: 

"There  can  be  no  pretension  that  this  was  the  true  construction 
of  the  (Kennebec)  Patent.  But  the  construction  by  the  judges  was 
popular,  and  under  all  the  circumstances  very  equitable  and  just. 
There  is  something  in  popular  opinion  which  never  fails  to  influence 
the  tribunals  of  Justice,  in  a  Country:  It  is  always  more  agreeable 
to  Judges  to  have  a  coincidence  of  public  opinion  for  their  support. 
In  the  case  above  the  rights  of  the  Crown  were  not  concerned  and 
the  decision  was  popular." 


Mr.  Windsor  P.  Daggett  of  Auburn,  contributes  the  following 
regarding  a  former  well  known  citizen  of  Springfield,  Maine: 

Mr.  Edwin  A.  Reed  was  born  in  Springfield,  Maine,  April  29, 
1843,  tne  son  0I  Francis  Augustus  and  Julia  Ann  Hersey  Reed.  In 
1866  he  married  Nellie  May  Woodbury,  who  died  a  number  of 
years  later,  leaving  him  three  children.  In  1883  he  married  Angie 
Ford  Page  of  Burlington,  Maine.  Mr.  Reed  spent  the  greater 
part  of  his  life  in  Springfield,  where  he  was  always  a  public  spirited 
citizen,  and  where  for  several  years  he  was  First  Selectman.  He 
moved  to  Orono  in  1903.  Mr.  Reed  attended  the  Congregational 
Church;  he  was  a  life-long  Republican  and  a  strong  Roosevelt  man. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  G.  A.  R.,  and  a  member  of  the  Mechanics 
Lodge  of  Masons.  He  also  held  a  membership  in  the  Mt.  Horeb 
Chapter  of  Masons,  Mattawamkeag.  He  died  at  his  residence  in 
Orono,  June  30,  191 5,  "one  of  the  substantial  and  dependable  men 
of  the  town." 

He*  is  survived  by  his  widow,  and  his  four  children :  Annie 
Hersey  Reed,  Orono ;  Harry  E.  Reed,  Millinocket ;  Carl  W.  Reed, 
East  Hampton,  Mass. ;  and  Philip  P.  Reed,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 
He  also  leaves  four  grandchildren,  and  two  brothers :  James  A. 
Reed  of  Springfield,  Maine;  and  Samuel  Hersey  Reed,  Mabton, 
Washington. 


HONORABLE    ELIAS    DUDLEY  101 

Honorable  Elias  Dudley  and  Some 
of  His  Political  Correspondence 

With  Notes  by  the  Editor. 

(Continued  from  Page  25) 

PENOBSCOT     COUNTY     ADMINISTRATION     CONVENTION. 

A  meeting  of  delegates  from  the  several  towns  and  plantations  in  the 
County  of  Penobscot,  was  held  at  the  Court-House  in  Bangor,  on  Wednes- 
day, the  9th  day  of  July,  1828,  agreeably  to  previous  notice.  The  meeting 
was  called  to  order  by  John  Wilkins,  Esq.  The  Hon.  MARTIN  KINSLEY 
being  chosen  CHAIRMAN,  and  WILLIAM  UPTON,  SECRETARY,  it 
was  voted,  that  the  Chairman  and  Secretary  examine  the  returns  of  the 
members ;  whereupon  it  was  ascertained  that  thirty-five  members  were 
present. 

VOTED,  That  a  Committee  of  seven  be  appointed  to  report  resolutions  for 
the  consideration  of  the  Convention,  at  the  hour  to  which  this  meeting  shall 
adjourn. 

The  following  gentlemen  were  accordingly  chosen  on  said  Committee: 

JOHN  WILKINS,  SIMEON  STETSON,  GEORGE  LEONARD, 
EDWARD  KENT.  P.  P.  FURBER,  GEORGE  B.  MOODY,  PARKER 
EATON. 

VOTED,  That  this  meeting  be  adjourned  to  three  o'clock  this  afternoon. 

The  Convention  met  according  to  adjournment. 

The  Committee  appointed  for  that  purpose,  then  reported  the  following 
resolutions,  which  were  unanimously  adopted  : 

RESOLVED,  That,  having  full  confidence  in  the  talents,  experience,  and 
political  integrity  of  JOHN  QUINCY  ADAMS,  we  will  unite  our  efforts 
with  those  of  our  fellow-citizens,  in  every  part  of  the  Union,  to  secure  his 
re-election. 

RESOLVED,  That  we  approve  of  the  nomination  of  RICHARD  RUSH 
for   Vice-President. 

RESOLVED,  That  we  approve  of  the  nomination  of  COL.  THOMAS 
F1LLEBROWN  and  GEN.  SIMON  NOWELL,  as  Electors  at  large  for  the 
State,  and  will  give  them  our  undivided  support. 

RESOLVED,  That  we  concur  in  the  nomination,  made  by  our  fellow- 
citizens  in  the  County  of  Somerset,  of  the  HON.  JOHN  MOOR,  of  Anson, 
as  Elector  for  the  Somerset  and  Penobscot  District,  and  that  we  will  use  all 
fair  and  honorable  means  to  ensure  his  election. 

The  Convention  then  proceeded  to  nominate  a  candidate  to  represent  the 
Somerset  and  Penobscot  District  in  the  next  Congress,  and  the  votes  were 
for  the  HON.  SAMUEL  BUTMAN,  32— whereupon  it  was 

UNANIMOUSLY  RESOLVED,  That,  approving  of  the  course  pursued 
by  the  HON.  SAMUEL  BUTMAN,  member  of  Congress  from  this  District, 
we  cordially  unite  in  recommending  him  as  a  Candidate  for  re-election,  and 
will  use  all  honorable  means  to  effect  it. 


io2      SPRAGUE'S    JOURNAL   OF    MAINE    HISTORY 


The  Convention  then  proceeded  to  nominate  a  candidate  for  Senator  from 
this  County  to  the  next  Legislature,  and  SOLOMON  PARSONS,  ESQ. 
having  thirty  votes,  it  was  UNANIMOUSLY  RESOLVED,  that  he  be 
recommended  as  a  candidate  for  re-election  to  the  Senate  of  this  State. 

RESOLVED,  That  CHARLES  RICE,  Esq.,  be  recommended  as  a  Can- 
didate for  the  office  of  County  Treasurer,  at  the  next  election. 

The  Convention  then  adopted  'the  following  Resolution : 

Whereas  the  next  Legislature  of  this  State  will  elect  two  Senators  in 
Congress,  and  otherwise  exert  an  important  influence  on  the  subject  of 
national  politics — RESOLVED,  that  we  recommend  to  our  fellow-citizens,  to 
exert  themselves  to  elect  undoiibted  friends  of  the  Administration,  as  mem- 
bers of  the  next  Legisature. 

RESOLVED,  That  a  Committee  of  three  be  appointed  to  prepare  and 
publish  an  address  to  the  Electors,  to  accompany  the  proceedings  of  this 
meeting : 

Whereupon,  GEORGE  B.  MOODY,  EDWARD  KENT  and  JOHN 
WILKINS,  were  chosen  a  Committee   for  this  purpose. 

RESOLVED,  That  the  proceedings  of  this  meeting  be  signed  by  the  Chair- 
man and  Secretary,  and  published  in  the  Bangor  Register  and  Somerset 
Journal. 

MARTIN    KINSLEY,    CHAIRMAN. 
WILLIAM    UPTON,    SECRETARY. 

Bangor,  June,  1834. 
Dear  Sir, 

The  friends  of  the  Union  and  Constitution,  and  the  supporters  of  Whig 
Principles  in  Bangor,  have  determined  to  celebrate  the  coming  Fourth  of  July, 
the  great  day  which  gave  birth  to  their  privileges.  They  feel  desirous  to 
meet  their  friends  from  the  Country  on  that  occasion — they  therefore  extend 
an  invitation  to  you,  and  all  the  citizens  of  your  town,  and  hope  that  all  who 
can  make  it  convenient  will  attend  and  unite  in  the  Celebration. 

The  Oration  will  be  delivered  by  WILLIAM  PITT  FESSENDEN,  ESQ. 
THEOPHILUS  P.  CHANDLER, 
SAMUEL    J.    FOSTER,  COMMITTEE 

NATHAN  B.  WIGGIN,  OF 

AMOS    DAVIS,  ARRANGEMENTS. 

A.  R.  HALLOWELL, 

Bangor,   August — 1837. 
D.  Sir: 

Our  friends  here  feel  some  anxiety  in  relation  to  the  town  of  Newburg. 
There  ought  to  be  a  complete  thorough  but  secret  organization  of  the  Whigs 
in  that  town.  That  only  can  be  done  by  the  personal  exertions  of  some 
our  Hampden  friends,  &  by  seeing  personally  the  Whigs  in  that  town.  The 
defection  in  the  Tory  party  is  by  no  means  confined  according  the  informa- 
tion we  can  obtain  here  to  this  County.  They  boast  among  their  friends 
that  they  (the  Silver  Greys)  can  reduce  the  Parks  vote  5000  in  the  state. 
It  would  be  bad  enough  to  lose  the  election  in  this  County  but  it  would  be 
an  eternal  disgrace  to  us  under  such  circumstances  to  lose  the  election  of 
Kent.     As  Bangor  is  at  present  rather  head  quarters  as  we  have  determined 


HONORABLE   ELIAS    DUDLEY  103 


to  leave  nothing  undone  I  thought  I  would  just  drop  you  a  line  about  New- 
burg  although  I  suppose  the  necessary  work  in  that  town  has  long  since 
been  performed. 

It  is  extremely  important  that  every  Whig  old  &  young  should  be  at  the 
polls  &  that  carriages  should  be  provided  for  the  infirm  &  destitute  as  there 
is  no  doubt  from  information  from  upper  part  of  the  County  that  there  will 
be  a  close  vote. 

Truly  yours, 

WM.  H.  McCRILLlS. 

William  H.  McCrillis  was  born  in  Georgetown,  Maine,  Nov.  4, 
1813,  and  died  in  Bangor.  He  studied  law  with  Allen  &  Appleton 
and  commenced  practice  there  in  1834,  and  was  for  many  years  a 
prominent  citizen  and  a  leading  lawyer  of  that  city,  and  had  an 
extensive  law  practice  throughout  Eastern  Maine.  He  was  formerly 
a  Whig  and  then  a  Republican,  but  after  the  close  of  the  Civil  War 
he  became  a  Democrat  and  acted  with  that  party  during  the  remain- 
der of  his  life.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Maine  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives in  1859-60-61.  He  was  a  man  of  brilliant  abilities  and  a 
forceful  and  eloquent  advocate  at  the  bar. 

He  died  in  Bangor,  Maine,  May  3,  1889. 

Bangor,   Jan'y  15,   1841. 
Hon.  Elias  Dudley — 

Dear  Sir — It  has  been  suggested  to  me,  that  it  may  be  thought  expedient 
to  put  some  other  person  in  the  place  of  him  who  holds  the  office  of  Register 
of  Probate  in  this  County — If  such  change  should  be  deemed  expedient  by 
the  Governor,  I  should  be  glad  to  have  Mr.  Joseph  Chapman  of  Bangor 
appointed  to  fill  the  office — All  the  habits  of  Mr.  Chapman  are  remarkably 
well  adapted  to  qualify  him  for  that  office — 

Mr.  C's  moral  character  is  altogether  unexceptionable — In  every  other 
respect  I  can  cheerfully  recommend  him — 

Very    respectfully   your 
friend  &  Svt. 

JACOB  McGAW. 

Bangor,  May  29,  1841. 
Elias  Dudley,  Esq., 

D.  Sir.  There  is  much  interest  felt  in  reference  to  the  appointment  of 
Superintendent  of  the  Insane  Hospital.  It  is  supposed  that  the  appointment 
will  be  made  at  the  next  session  of  the  Gov.  &  Council. 

The  name  of  Dr.  Benj.  D.  Bartlett  of  this  city  has  been  proposed  for  that 
situation.  Dr.  Bartlett  has  been  in  several  cases  of  great  difficulty,  called 
to  visit  in  consultation  in  my  family.  In  my  instance  he  has  exhibited  great 
carefullness  &  skill  in  his  investigations,  &  sagacity  in  his  conclusions,  and  I 
take  great  pleasure  in  saying  that  I  should  place  unlimited  confidence  in  his 
ability  to  discharge  any  situation  to  which  he  might  be  called  in  the  range 


io4      SPRAGUE'S    JOURNAL    OF    MAINE    HISTORY 


of  his  profession  I  have  no  doubt  his  appointment  to  the  situation  referred 
to  would  prove  highly  satisfactory.  My  opinion  having  been  limited  to  this 
point,  I  have  ventured  thus  far  to  trouble  you  in  the  matter. 

With  high  regard 

Your  friend  &  Obt.  Svt, 

JOHN   A.   POOR. 
John  Alfred  Poor,  son  of  Daniel  Poor,  who  emigrated  to  New 
England  from  Andover,  Hampshire  County,  England,  in  1638,  was 
a  descendant  of  Roger  Poor,  a  priest  in  the  time  of  William  the 
Conqueror,  and  a  Chaplain  in  the  army  of  his  youngest  son  Prince 
Henry.    For  two  centuries  or  more  Daniel  Poor's  descendants  lived 
in  Andover  and  other  towns  in  Essex  County,  Massachusetts,  when 
three  brothers   of   this   name   emigrated,   to   what   is   now   Oxford 
County,  Maine,  in  1790,  in  what  was  formerly  called  East  Andover 
and  is  now  the  town  of  Andover  which  was  settled  by  Ezekiel  Mer- 
rill in  1789.     The  second  of  these  brothers  was  Silvanus  Poor,  a 
physician,  who  married  the  daughter  of  Ezekiel  Merrill.     He  was 
a  prominent  citizen  and  a  member  of  the  Maine  Constitutional  Con- 
vention in  1819.    John  Alfred  Poor  was  their  second  son  born  Janu- 
try  8,  1808.    Jacob  McGaw,  a  graduate  of  Dartmouth  College,  and 
a  lifelong  friend  and  correspondent  of  Daniel  Webster,  married  a 
sister  of  Silvanus  Poor.    Mr.  McGaw  was  one  of  the  most  brilliant 
of   Maine's   early  lawyers   and  was  the  first   County  Attorney   of 
Penobscot  County.     When  John  Alfred  was  about  twelve  years  of 
age  Mr.  McGaw  visited  the  Poor  family  in  East  Andover  and  he 
was  so  favorably  impressed  with  the  lad  that  he  invited  him  to  visit 
him  at  his  home  in  Bangor.     Later   (1827)  after  he  had  attended 
school  and  an  Academy  and  had  taught  school  he  returned  to  Bangor, 
entered  Mr.  McGaw's  office  as  a  law  student  and  was  admitted  to 
the  Penobscot  County  Bar  in  1832,  and  commenced  the  practice  of 
law  in  Old  Town,  but  in  a  few  months  returned  to  Bangor  where 
he  formed  a  law  partnership  with  Mr.  McGaw  and  later  with  his 
brother,   Henry  Varnum   Poor,  he  practiced   law   for  a  period  of 
about    fourteen   years    when   he   became  profoundly   interested   in 
the  then  new  idea  that  railroads  could  be  developed  for  long  dis- 
tances as  thoroughfares  for  freight  and  passengers,  and  in  1846  he 
moved  to  Portland  and  was  the  greatest  promoter  of  the  Atlantic 
and   St.  Lawrence  Railway,  which  was  the  beginning  of  the  Grand 
1  runk  system.    For  several  years  there  was  a  great  struggle  through- 
out New  England  and  Canada  as  to  whether  the  terminus  should 
be  at  Boston  or  Portland.    The  Portland  interests  were  ably  led  by 
Mr.  Poor,  who  finally  won  the  fight.     One  curious  fact  connected 


HONORABLE   ELIAS   DUDLEY  105 


with  this  enterprise  is  that  the  officials  of  the  Atlantic  and  St.  Law- 
rence Railway  objected  to  paying  Mr.  Poor  the  sum  of  five  dollars 
per  day  for  his  services  which  would  now  probably  be  regarded 
as  moderate  at  ten  times  that  amount  for  the  herculean  work  per- 
formed by  him.  He  was  also  the  principal  founder  of  the  European 
and  North  American  Railway  and  at  the  time  of  his  death  it  was 
generally  conceded  that  he  was,  in  the  words  of  the  Boston  Journal, 
"the  father  of  the  railroad  system  of  Maine,  especially  in  its  relations 
to  British  North  America."  He  was  powerful  both  as  a  writer  and 
orator.  His  writings  for  newspapers  and  public  journals  and  hi9 
published  addresses,  in  his  efforts  to  awaken  public  sentiment  to  the 
importance  of  the  development  of  railroads  would  fill  volumes.  At 
one  time  he  founded  a  newspaper  in  Portland  which  he  owned  and 
edited  for  six  years,  called  The  State  of  Maine  and  which  was  after- 
wards (1849)  merged  into  the  Portland  Advertiser.  In  1849  he 
purchased  the  American  Railway  Journal  in  New  York  and  was  for 
a  time  its  editor.    He  died  in  Portland,  Maine,  September  5,  1871. 

Carmel,   Jan'y    16,   1841. 
Elias  Dudley,  Esqr. 

Dr.  Sr.  I  learn  by  Mr.  Emery  of  this  place  that  you  have  been  Elected 
Counciler  for  Penobscot  which  I  can  assure  you  is  very  gratifying  to  me 
and  that  my  Exertions  has  not  been  in  vain.  The  reason  of  my  writing  you 
at  this  time  is  a9  follows,  viz :  There  came  a  few  days  since  a  petition  for  a 
Mr.  Hill  of  Exeter  for  my  name  it  being  stated  at  the  time  that  Mr.  Hill 
would  be  the  choice  of  the  Whigs  of  Penobscot  for  Sheriff.  Since  I  have 
learned  that  it  is  a  moove  of  some  of  the  Most  Poison  Locos  to  have  some 
of  these  Loco  Dept.  Sheriff  reappointed  being  connected  by  marriage  you 
probably  will  see  the  petitions  and  the  leading  Locos  names  to  them  if  Mr. 
Hill  is  Sheriff.  A  Mr.  Franklin  Ruggles  is  to  be  Dept.  for  this  section.  I 
hope  you  will  inform  Mr.  Kent  and  others  of  the  council  of  the  fact  if  Mr. 
Hills  claims  are  more  than  any  one  beside  I  have  nothing  to  say  if  not  I 
presume  this  will  be  a  word  in  season. 

Yours  Respectfully  in  haste, 

GEO.  W.  CHAMBERLAIN. 

"Loco-Focos,"  a  political  nickname  given  to  a  certain  faction  of 
the  Democratic  party  in  the  state  of  New  York  (1835-7),  and  after- 
wards its  use  as  applied  to  the  entire  party,  became  national.  This 
faction  called  themselves  the  "Equal  Rights  party"  and  were  opposed 
to  special  privileges  in  granting  charters  to  banks  and  other  cor- 
porations. At  a  meeting  in  Tammany  Hall,  October  29,  1835,  the 
regular  Tammany  Democrats  tried  to  gain  control.  Finding  them- 
selves outnumbered  they  turned  out  the  lights  and  retired.  The 
Equal  Rights  men  poduced  candles  and  "loco-foco"  matches,  and 
contined  the  meeting.     Hence  the  name  loco-foco. 

(To  be  continued) 


io6      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL    OF    MAINE    HISTORY 


Alphabetical  List  of  the  Members  of 

the  First  Congregational  Church 

of  Bangor,  Maine,  1811-1856 

ORGANIZED   NOVEMBER  27,    181 1. 
Contributed  by  Fannie  Hardy  Eckstorm. 


Eliashib  Adams, 
Mrs.  Anna  Adams, 
George  E.  Adams, 
Eliza  L.  Adams, 
Mary  A.  Adams 
Mrs.  Malinda  S.  Adams, 
Charlotte  M.  Adams, 
Henry  M.  Adams, 
Mary  E.  Adams, 
Mrs.   Mary  Allen, 
Martha  Allen, 
John  Allen, 
James  AM  en, 
Mrs.   Naomi  E.  Allen1, 
Margaret  Allen, 
Mrs.  Sarah  E.  Allen, 
Mary  Allen, 
Charlotte  S.  Allen, 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  F.  Allen, 
Sarah  C.  Ally, 
Mrs.  Lydia  Ayer, 
Mrs.  Sabra  Bailey, 
Uriah  Bailey, 
Mrs.  Julia  Bailey, 
Rebecca  Baddershall, 
John  Barker, 
Mrs.  Sophia  Barker, 
Mirs.   Abigail  Barker, 
George  Barker, 
Elizabeth  C.  Barker, 
Ruth  Bartlett, 
Ruth   M.   Bartlett, 
Martha  W.  Bartlett, 
Mrs.  Rebecca  Barthtt, 
Thomas  Bartlett, 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  Bartlett, 
Mary  Bartlett, 


Daniel  Bartlett 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  Y.  Bartlett, 

Mrs.  Martha  Bartlett, 

Abby  H.  Bartlett, 

Ann  M.  Bartlett, 

Harriett  Bartlett, 

Eliza  A.  Bartlett, 

Thomas  Beacroft, 

Mrs.  Jane  Beacroft, 

Mary  A.    Beacroft, 

David  I.  Bent, 

Mrs.  Rebecca  Bent, 

Mrs.  Lorena  Bent, 

Mrs.  Caroline  P.  Bement, 

Caleb  C.   Billings, 

Mrs.  Catherine  R.  Blunt, 

Mrs.  Abigail  Blake, 

Horatio  W.  Blood, 

Wm.  H.  Boardman, 

Mrs.  Roxa  V.  Boardman, 

Mrs.  Mary  I.  S.  Boardman, 

Jonathan   Boardman, 

Phil  in  da  Bond, 

Wm.  Bourne, 

Mrs.  Velnora  Bourne, 

Benjamin  Bourne, 

Mrs.  Clarissa  Bourne, 

Mrs.  Narcissa  Bourne, 

George  F.  Bourne, 

Isaac  H.  Bowker, 

Mrs.  Eliza  Bowker, 

Mrs.  Huldah  Bowen, 

Mrs.   Sarah   H.  Bowler, 

Charles  Bowler, 

'Wm.  Boyd, 

James  Boyd, 

Mrs.  Sally  Boyd, 


"William  Boyd,  one  of  the  first  Deacons  of  this  church. 


FIRST  CONGREGATIONAL  CHURCH,  BANGOR     107 


Mrs.  Hannah  Boyd, 
Mrs.  Edna  Boyd, 
Win.   Boyd, 
John  Boyd, 
Robert  Boyd, 
George  Bradford, 
Mrs.  Mary  Bradford, 
Horace   B.   Brastow, 
Mary  A.  Bright, 
Margaret  Britton, 
Mary  Britton, 
Mrs.  Sophia  H.  Brown, 
Joseph  Brown, 
Priscilla   Brown, 
Sophia  Brown, 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  Brown, 
Harriet  F.  Brown, 
George  M.  Brown, 
Lewis  A.  Brown, 
George  W.  Brown, 
Theo.  S.  Brown, 
Mrs.  Sarah  S.  Brown, 
Albert  G.   Brown, 
Mrs.  Mary  A.  Brown, 
aWrn.  H.  Brown, 
Mrs.  Susan  Bruce, 
Eliza  Bryant, 
George  A.  Buck, 
Joseph  Budson, 
John  Burke, 

Mrs.   Charlotte   Burnham, 
Harriet  P.  Butrick, 
Henry  Call, 
Henry  E.   Call, 
Hannah  E.  Call, 
Mrs.  Martha  Call, 
Martha  C.  Call, 
Mary  A.   Call, 
Mrs.   Betsy  Carle, 
Sarah  Carey, 
Mrs.  Almira  Carr, 
Mrs.  Mary  Carr, 
SJ.  Wingate  Carr, 
Joseph  Carr, 


Sarah  F.  Carr, 
Henry  Cargil, 
Mrs.  Sarah  D.   Cargill, 
Mrs.  Eliza  E.  Carter, 
Sumner  Chalmers, 
Sarah  W.  Chalmers, 
Henry  L.  Chamberlain, 
Sarah  M.  W.  Chandler, 
Hannah  A.   Chandler, 
Mrs.  Sarah  Chick, 
Hannah  Clark, 
Airs.  Ann  Clark, 
Mrs.  Sarah  D.  Clark, 
Allen  Clark, 
Huldah  Clark, 
Thomas  W.   Clark, 
Otis  Cobb, 
Rebecca  A.  Cook 
Philip  Coombs, 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  Coombs, 
Philip  H.  Coombs, 
Mrs.  Eliza  W.  Coombs, 
Mrs.  Eliza  A.  B.  Coombs, 
Philip  Coombs, 
Philomela  H.  Converse, 
Mrs.  Sarah  B.  Copeland, 
Jesse  E.  Cornelius, 
Mrs.  Mary  A.  Cox, 
Mrs.  Lydia  Cram, 
Mrs.  Mary  L.  Cram, 
Levi  Cram, 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  A.  Cram, 
Mrs.  Condace  Crocker, 
Stephen  S.  Crosby, 
Mrs.  Hannah  Crosby, 
Mrs.  Crosby, 
John  Crosby, 
Margaret  Crosby, 
Sarah  Crosby, 
Harriet  Crosby, 
John  Crosby, 
Olive  Crosby, 
Mrs.  Ann  Crosby, 
Mrs.  Lucy  Crosby, 


2Honorable  William  H.  Brown,  Mayor  of  Bangor,  1880-81. 
'Honorable  J.  Wingate  Carr,  once  Sheriff  of  Penobscot  County  and  Mayor 
of  Bangor  1840-41. 


io8      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL    OF    MAINE    HISTORY 


Timothy  Crosby, 

Charlotte  C.  Crosby, 

Sarah   H.   Crosby, 

John  L.   Crosby, 

James  H.  Crosby, 

Thomas  Daggatt, 

Mrs.  Salome  Daggatt, 

Win.   Davenport, 

Mrs.    Elizabeth   Davenport, 

Zadock  Davis, 

Mrs.  Betsey  Davis* 

Asa  Davis, 

Mrs.  Eizabeth  Davis, 

Sally  Davis, 

Josiah  Beane, 

Mrs.   Betsey  P.   Beane, 

Esther  Beane, 

Mrs.  Sarah  Dearbon, 

Noah  Dearborn, 

Wm.  S.  Dennett, 

Lucy  A.  Dickey, 

Mips.  Martha  Dickinson, 

Joshua  P.  Dickinson, 

Samuel  H.  Dickinson, 

Albert  A.  Dillingham, 

Mrs.    Elizabeth    Dillingham, 

Mrs.  Caroline  Dillingham, 

Samuel  Doe, 

Mrs.  Abigail  Doe. 

Nancy  Doe, 

Elizabeth  Doe, 

Mrs.  Judith  Dole, 

Edmund  Dole, 

Daniel  Dole, 

Nathan  Dole, 

George  S.  C.  Dow, 

Wm.  H.  Dow, 

Mrs.  Delia  L.  Dow, 

Mrs.  Hannah  Dow, 

Mrs.   Hannah   Downing, 

Airs.  Eunice  Dresser, 

Daniel  Dresser, 

Mrs.  Elcy  C  Dresser, 

Mrs.  Rachel  Drummond, 

Alexander  Drumimond, 

Mrs.  Margaret  Drummond, 


Mrs.  Lydia  G.  Drummond, 
Mrs.   Sarah  W.  Drummond, 
Maria  L.   Drummond, 
Mary   Dunham, 

E.  Freeman  Duren, 

Mrs.  Mary  C.  Duren, 

4Samuel  E.  Dutton, 

Mrs,   Marcia  Dutton, 

Ruth  Dutton, 

Abigai  Dutlon, 

Mrs.  Lydia  Eastman, 

Jacob  Eastman, 

Mrs.  Abigail   S.  Eastman, 

Joshua  Eaton, 

Sarah  Edes, 

Mary  P.  Egery, 

Mrs.  Betsey  Ellis, 

John  Ellis, 

Wm.  Emerson, 

Mrs.  Lois  Emerson, 

Eleanor  Emerson, 

Lorena  Emerson, 

Mrs.  Tryphosia  Eustis, 

Charles  O.  Fanning, 

Mrs.  Fidelia  Fanning, 

Mary   E.   Fanning, 

Mrs.  Harriet  Farnham, 

Mrs.   Comfort  Farrington, 

Mrs.  Ruth  Fisher, 

Mrs.  Rebecca  M.  Fiske, 
James  B.  Fiske, 
John  C.  Fiske, 
Rebecca  M.  Fiske, 
Mrs.   Abigail  Fiske, 
Frances  Fitts, 
Betsey  A.  Fitts, 
Lury  Fitts, 
Joseph  Fogg, 
Mrs.  Esther  Fogg, 
Mrs.  Rebecca  Fogg, 
Mrs.  Sarah  Fogg 
Nathan  B.  Folsom,  Jr., 
Mrs.  Margaret  Folsom, 
Sarah  Forbes, 
Lucy  G.  Forbes, 
Mrs.   Sarah  Forbes, 


'Samuel  E.   Dutton  of  Bangor,   Judge  of   Probate  for  Penobscot  County, 
1N16-19. 


FIRST    CONGREGATIONAL    CHURCH,    BANGOR     109 


Wm.  G.  Forbes, 
Mrs.  Ann  M.  Forbes, 
Joseph  Forbes, 
Mrs.  Sarah  A.  Forbes, 
John  M.  Foster, 
Mrs.  Mary  W.  Foster, 
Mary  0.  Foster, 
Mrs.  Julia  Foster, 
Mrs.  Cynthia  Foster, 
Mrs.   Lucia  Fowler, 
Elizabeth  H.  Frances, 
Mrs.  Beulah  French, 
Mrs.  Sophia  B.  French, 
Charles  A.  French, 
Mrs.  Sarah  C.  French, 
Caroline  French, 
J.  H.  P.  Frost, 
Elizabeth  Furber, 
Thomas  L.  Furber, 
Joseph  S.  Gallagher, 
Susan  S.  Gallagher, 
Charlotte  A.  Gallison, 
Mrs.  Mary  Gallison, 
Mrs.  Betsey  Garland, 
Sophronia  Garland, 
Eizabeth  Garland, 
Eliza  M.  Garland, 
Sophia  Garland, 
Mrs.  Zervia  Garland, 
Joseph  Garland, 
Joseph  H.  Garmon, 
Mary  Gatchel, 
Mary  Gatchel, 
Elizabeth   M.  Gatchel, 
Benj.  D.  Gay, 
Mrs.  Sophia  Godfrey, 
Mary  Godfrey, 
Mrs.    Ruth    Gooch, 
Stephen  Goodhue, 
Mary  W.  Goodhue, 
Sarah  E.  Goodhue, 
Mrs.  Mary  Gould, 
Horace  Gould, 
Perez  Graves, 
Mrs.  Eunice  Graves, 
Mrs.  Persis  Greenleaf, 
Clara  P.  Greenleaf, 


Wm.  C.  Greenleaf, 
Emeline  P.  Greenleaf, 
Richard  W.  Griffin, 
.Mrs.  Matilda  J.  Griffin, 
Margaret  Griffin, 
Mrs.  Ruth  Gurney, 
Abby  B.  Gurney, 
Sarah  D.  Gurney, 
Nathan  Hadlock, 
Mrs.  Ann  Hadlock, 
Zaocheus  Hall, 
Mrs.  Sally  Hall, 
William  Hall 
Mrs.  Judith  E.  Hall, 
Mrs.  Laura  Hall, 
Sarah  L.  Hall, 
Ellen   Hall, 
Elisha  Hammond, 
Mrs.  Relief  Hammond, 
Mary  Hammond, 
.Mrs.  Betsey  Hammond, 
Harriet  H.  Hammond, 
Moses  P.  Hanson, 
Mrs.    Experience   Harlow, 
BBradford  Harlow, 
Mrs.  Nancy  Harlow, 
Nancy  S.  Harlow, 
Nathaniel   Harlow, 
Mrs.  Mary  Harlow, 
Mrs.  Sarah  Harlow, 
Mrs.  Mary  Harlow, 
Sarah  P.  Harlow, 
Samuel  C.  Harlow, 
Jere  P.  Hardy, 
Mrs.  Catharine  Hardy, 
Wm.  G.  Hardy, 
Mrs.  Judith  P.  Hardy, 
Mary  A.  Hardy, 
Francis  W.   Hardy, 
Leonard  W.  Harris, 
Sarah  Harrod, 
Silas  Harthorne,  3d, 
Mrs.  Margaret  Harthorne, 
Washington   Hartshorn, 
William  Hasey, 
Mrs.  Abigail  Hasey, 


5Honorable  Bradford  Harlow,  Mayor  of  Bangor,  1842-43. 
(To  be  Continued. ) 


no      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL    OF    MAINE    HISTORY 


Aroostook 

Up  from  the  quiet  hamlets  where  first  our  fathers 

Made  their  stand  for  Freedom,  and  for  conscience  sake 
By  modest  farmsteads,  cities  facing  oceanward 

Then  through  the  tunnel  of  the  night  to  this  fair  eminence 
Where  before  me  lie  broad  fruitful  fields,  and  forests  vast 

Lost  at  the  horizon's  distant  rim,  great  virgin  spaces 
Fit  for  giants'  toil  and  gemmed  with  springs 
That  sparkle  silvery  in  the  morning  sun — 
Here  let  me  pause,  and  with  uncovered  head 
Drink  in  one  full  deed  draught 
of  boundless  liberty, 

and  a  larger  life! 

Eugene  Mason  Edwards. 


Society  of  American  Wars,  Com- 
mandery  of  the  State  of  Maine 

SEMI-ANNUAL   MEETING. 

At  the  semi-annual  meeting  of  the  Society  of  American  Wars, 
Commandery  of  the  State  of  Maine,  held  at  the  summer  home  of 
Philip  Foster  Turner,  Senior-Vice  Commander,  at  Loveitt's  Heights, 
South  Portland,  Wednesday,  June  23,  191 5,  Commander,  Archie 
Lee  Talbot,  after  the  business  in  the  program  had  been  acted  upon, 
said  there  was  a  subject  in  his  mind  that  he  did  not  wish  to  carry 
alone  any  longer,  but  wanted  the  Commandery  to  share  it  with  him, 
and  he  reminded  the  members  that  General  Joshua  L.  Chamberlain 
had  honored  the  Society  of  American  Wars  by  becoming  a  member 
of  the  Commandery  of  the  State  of  Maine,  and  had  not  only  done 
this  but  was  present  at  the  meetings,  and  manifested  a  personal 
interest  in  the  objects  of  the  Society.  It  was  a  great  benefit  to  the 
Commandery  of  the  State  of  Maine,  of  this  Society,  to  be  thus 
honored  by  the  highest  citizen  of  Maine,  a  former  Governor  of  the 
State,  former  President  of  Bowdoin  College,  and  the  highest  in 
military  rank  of  any  of  the  Generals  of  the  War  for  the  Union  then 
living  in  Maine.  It  was  a  personal  honor  to  each  and  all  of  us 
that  we  should  never  forget.     It  lays  us  under  special  obligations 


SOCIETY    OF    AMERICAN    WARS  in 


to  him.  All  that  is  mortal  of  him  has  now  passed  beyond  the 
vision  of  our  mortal  eyes,  but  his  memory  lives  with  us,  and  with 
his  host  of  companions,  comrades  and  friends,  and  we  must  make 
it  enduring  in  statue  as  well  as  in  the  memory  of  those  now  living. 

General  Chamberlain  was  a  Cumberland  County  man,  and  for 
several  years,  the  last  of  his  life,  he  was  a  resident  of  Portland, 
where  he  died.  Portland,  therefore,  has  the  best  claim  for  his 
statue.  I  know  that  I  voice  the  sentiments  of  many  of  his  friends 
hi  Maine,  when  I  say  that  an  equestrian  statue  of  General  Joshua 
L.  Chamberlain  in  the  State  of  Maine,  is  what  many  of  the  citizens 
of  Maine  desire.  To  my  mind  the  most  desirable  and  appropriate 
place  for  an  equestrian  statue  of  General  Chamberlain  is  in  Lincoln 
Park,  near  the  Federal  Building,  in  Portland. 

The  statue  of  the  Poet  Longfellow  in  Longfellow  Square,  and 
that  of  the  Statesman,  Thomas  B.  Reed,  on  the  Western  Prome- 
nade, tell  the  story  of  a  refined  and  appreciative  people.  Portland 
is  the  ideal  spot  for  an  equestrian  statue  of  our  great  and  beloved 
citizen  of  Maine.  Companions  will  you  join  with  me  in  a  pledge 
to  do  all  we  can  to  have  an  equestrian  statue  of  General  Chamber- 
lain erected  in  the  State  of  Maine?  I  know  you  will.  Let  us  try 
Portland  first  before  any  other  place  and  see  what  can  be  done. 

Commander  Talbot  then  offered  the  following  resolutions  which 
were  unanimously  adopted. 

Resolved:  That  it  is  the  sense  of  the  Society  of  American  Wars, 
Commandery  of  the  State  of  Maine,  that  patriotic  pride  in  the 
military  achievements  of  her  native  born  son,  General  Joshua 
Lawrence  Chamberlain,  demands  that  an  equestrian  statue  of  him 
shall  be  erected  in  the  State  of  Maine,  and  be  it  further 

Resolved:  That  the  Society  of  American  Wars,  Commandery  of 
the  State  of  Maine,  will  do  all  in  its  power  to  secure  such  statue. 


The  new  Maine  Register  for  the  coming  year  has  just  been 
received  at  our  office.  This  book,  starting  as  a  small  manual  of 
370  pages  in  1870,  has  grown  in  size  and  merit  with  each  succeeding 
year,  until  the  present  edition  gives  a  book  of  1070  pages,  every 
page  filled  with  information  concerning  the  State  of  Maine.  Mr. 
Grenville  M.  Donham  of  Portland  has  compiled  the  book  annually 
for  over  forty  years  and  the  edition  of  today  shows  the  result  of 
his  caeful  work  in  every  page.  It  is  a  book  which  no  man  doing 
business  in  Maine  can  afford  to  be  without. 


ii2       SPRAGUE'S    JOURNAL    OF    MAINE    HISTORY 


The  Descendants  of  Rev.  John  Love- 
joy  in  Maine,  and  Reminiscences 
of  Early  Maine  Times 

By  Josephine  Richards  of  Newcastle,  Indiana. 

Rev.  John  Lovejoy  came  from  the  north  of  England  and  settled 
in  Andover  N.  H.  in  the  16th  century.  He  was  the  first  of  the  name 
to  come  to  this  country. 

At  the  beginning  of  hostilities  between  the  British  and  Americans, 
his  son,  Hezekiah,  (Captain)  and  grandson  (Lieutenant  John), 
pledged  "their  lives,  their  fortunes,  and  their  sacred  honor,"  in 
favor  of  the  Colonies.  At  the  close  of  the  war  they  had  their  lives 
and  honor  left,  but  their  fortunes  were  gone.  Lieutenant  John 
placed  his  belongings,  which  consisted  mostly  of  a  wife  and  nine 
children,  in  an  ox  team  and  moved  in  that  manner  to  Fayette,  Maine, 
from  Amherst,  New  Hampshire. 

He  bought  200  acres  of  land  for  $30.00  and  a  small  frame  house 
for  $12.00,  making  $42.00  for  land  and  betterments.  Closely  ad- 
joining the  land  is  a  pond,,  long  known  as  "Lovejoy  pond."  In 
late  years  it  has  been  rechristened  as  "Sleepy  Hollow,"  by  students 
from  Kent's  Hill  Seminary.  It  is  related  that  Great  Grandmother 
Lovejoy  would  sometimes  get  lonesome  and  homesick  and  would 
gc  to  the  shore  of  the  pond  and  call  to  a  woman  who  lived  on  the 
other  side  of  the  pond  who  could  hear  and  would  answer  and  go 
down  to  the  shore  and  the  two  women  would  visit  in  that  manner! 
The  late  Captain  Henry  N.  Fairbanks  of  Bangor,  Maine,  was  a 
descendant. 

Captain  Hezekiah  Lovejoy  had  two  other  sons  named  Francis 
and  Abiel,  who  were  scouts  under  Washington.  They  settled  in 
Albion,  Maine.  Francis  was  the  father  of  Elijah  Pariah  Lovejoy, 
who  was  murdered  in  Alton,  111.,  by  a  mob,  for  his  anti-slavery 
utterances.  He  was  born  in  Albion,  Maine.  He  graduated  at 
Waterville  College  and  at  Princeton  Theological  Seminary.  Soon 
after  being  ordained  he  became  editor  of  the  "Saint  Louis  Ob- 
server," an  influential  Presbyterian  paper.  At  first  he  refrained 
from  taking  any  part  in  the  anti-slavery  agitation,  but  finally, 
aroused  by  the  burning  of  a  negro  alive,  he  wrote  an  editorial 
that  excited  the  wrath  of  the  pro-slavery  element.     In  it  he  com- 


DESCENDANTS    OF    REV.    JOHN    LOVEJOY       113 

merited  very  severely  on  the  conduct  of  the  judge  who  approved 
the  action  of  the  mob. 

He  moved  from  St.  Louis  to  Alton,  111.,  thinking  that  he  could 
express  his  sentiments  in  a  free  state,  but  his  press  was  destroyed 
and  the  type  thrown  in  the  street.  Soon  he  purchased  another  and 
the  warehouse  was  broken  into  and  the  press  destroyed.  He  pro- 
cured a  third  one,  and  he  with  a  guard  of  about  twenty  men,  was  in 
the  warehouse  when  it  was  attacked  by  the  mob,  consisting  of 
thirty  or  forty  men.  All  the  glass  in  the  building  was  broken  by 
stones,  oil  poured  on  the  roof  and  set  on  fire.  Lovejoy  stepped 
out  to  shoot  the  man  who  set  it  on  fire,  but  was  himself  shot  and 
instantly  killed,  Nov.  7,  1873. 

Three  printing  presses  had  been  destroyed. 

Owen  C.  Lovejoy  was  a  brother  of  E.  P.  Lovejoy.  He  was  edu- 
cated at  Bowdoin  college  and  removed  to  Alton,  Illinois,  where  he 
witnessed  the  murder  of  his  brother.  In  1838  he  became  pastor  of 
a  Congregational  church  in  Princeton,  in  that  state,  where  he  dis- 
tinguished himself  by  the  boldness  of  his  attacks  on  slavery  from 
the  pulpit  and  his  open  defiance  of  the  laws  prohibiting  anti-slavery 
meetings.    From  1856  until  his  death  he  was  a  member  of  Congress. 

A  few  years  ago  a  monument  was  erected  in  Alton,  to  the  memory 
of  Elijah  P.  Lovejoy,  costing  $30,000. 

I  have  heard  my  father,  who  lived  in  Mt.  Vernon,  say  that  the 
first  settlers  who  came  to  that  neighborhood,  spent  their  first  night 
under  strips  of  bark  leaned  against  a  tree.  I  think  their  name  was 
Blake. 

In  those  days  grist-mills  were  few  and  far  between,  so  when  my 
grandfather,  Levi  French,  wanted  some  grain  ground,  he  put  his 
bag  on  the  back  of  his  horse  and  rode  to  Winthrop,  ten  miles  away. 
On  his  return  journey,  one  time,  he  was  followed  by  three  bears, 
but  when  he  reached  the  bars  in  front  of  the  house,  his  good  horse 
didn't  wait  for  them  to  be  taken  down,  but  jumped  over,  and  the 
bears  kept  on  the  road.  At  another  time  he  was  in  the  woods  mak- 
ing shingles.  Grandmother  carried  his  lunch  to  him  and  was  fol- 
lowed by  a  bear.    How  she  escaped  I  never  heard. 

Richard  French  of  Cornville  was  my  father's  uncle.  I  heard  his 
wife  say,  that  her  house  had  a  window,  that  she  went  to  spend 
the  day  with  a  neighbor,  taking  her  work  with  her.  When  she  got 
there  they  had  no  window,  so  when  the  door  was  opened  a  few 
minutes  she  hurried  and  sewed  as  fast  as  she  could. 


ii4      SPRAGUE'S    JOURNAL   OF    MAINE   HISTORY 


David,  my  father's  uncle,  youngest  son  of  Abel  French  of  So. 
Hampton,  N.  H.,  was  born  in  1764.  He  married  Comfort  Ring 
(b.  1763)  in  1783.  She  was  a  poor  girl,  left  an  orphan  in  infancy, 
given  a  home  by  an  uncle  who  exacted  from  her  all  the  labor  she 
could  endure,  and  for  school  privilege,  she  was  allowed  just  to 
step  across  the  road  to  the  school  house,  read  with  her  class,  and 
immediately  return  to  her  work,  however,  she  was  allowed  to  work 
in  a  neighboring  family  before  she  was  married,  long  enough  to 
buy  a  large  fire  shovel  and  tongs,  a  kettle  and  spider,  with  which 
she  began  housekeeping,  her  only  cooking  utensils  for  years.  They 
emigrated  to  Maine,  settling  in  the  western  part  of  Mt.  Vernon, 
built  them  a  log  cabin  in  the  woods  and  cleared  up  a  farm  which 
they  occupied  for  the  long  period  of  seventy  years,  both  dying  in 
1853.  Their  children  were  William,  Polly,  Betsey,  Sally,  Nancy, 
Lucinda  and  David.  The  first  year  or  two  the  father  worked  in 
Winthrop,  a  distance  of  ten  miles  from  home,  returning  Saturday 
nights  to  buy  hay  to  keep  the  cow  and  going  back  to  his  work  Mon- 
day morning,  leaving  poor  Comfort  to  care  for  the  children,  milk 
the  cow,  tend  the  corn  and  drive  the  bears  out  of  it,  as  I  have 
been  told  she  did,  they  were  so  plenty  in  those  days. 

My  grandmother  French's  uncle,  Job  Fuller  and  his  wife  Eliza- 
beth Wing  rode  horseback  from  Sandwich,  Mass.,  to  Wayne, 
Maine,  going  all  the  way,  or  nearly  so,  from  Portland  by  spotted 
trees.  She  had  a  child  in  her  arms  and  he  had  their  household 
goods.  The  next  year  they  buried  their  goods,  for  safe  keeping 
and  went  back  to  Sandwich  to  visit  their  people.  Their  daughter 
Mary  was  the  first  white  child  born  in  the  town,  which  was  first 
called  New  Sandwich. 

Simeon  Wing  was  another  one  active  on  the  side  of  the  Colonies 
in  the  struggle  with  the  English  and  lost  his  property.  He  emi- 
grated to  Wayne,  Maine,  with  his  family,  which  included  seven 
sons.  They  all  settled  around  the  pond  which  took  the  name  of 
"Wing  pond."  It  is  now  called  "Pocassett  Lake,"  I  believe.  One 
of  the  sons,  Moses,  was  a  surgeon  in  the  Revolutionary  Army. 
Elizabeth,  wife  of  Job  Fuller,  was  daughter  of  Simeon  Wing 

The  former  chief  justice  of  Maine,  Lucilius  A.  Emery,  was  a  great 
grandson   of   Simeon   Wing. 


THE    FINES    OF   MAINE  115 

The  Pines  of  Maine 

At  the  eleventh  annual  luncheon  of  the  Woman's  Literary  Union 
of  Androscoggin  County,  held  in  Auburn,  Maine,  February  II, 
191 5,  the  women  stood  around  the  tables  and  sang  the  following 
Federation  Song  entitled  "The  Pines  of  Maine,"  written  by  Mrs. 
Elizabeth  Powers  Merrill  of  Skowhegan,  Maine. 

Tall  pines  of  Maine,  dark  pines  of  Maine, 

With  thy  proud  heads  uplifted  high 
Telling  thy  tales  of  days  long  dead 

To  all  the  streams  and  woods  and  sky. 
Proud  pines  upon   Maine's   thousand  hills 

Whose  perfume  scents  the  restless  air, 
Whose  voices  soothe  our  sleep  at  night, 

Sweet  as  a  softly  murmured  prayer. 

O  stately  green-robed  pines  of  Maine ! 

O  sunlit  lakes  of  shining  waves ! 
O  happy  homes  upon  our  hills ! 

O  cherished  spots  of  loved  ones'  graves ! 
Tho  we  should  wander  far  away, 

And  know  life's  deepest  joy  and  pain 
We  trust  that  sometime  we  shall  sleep 

Beneath  the  dear  old  pines  of  Maine. 


I  have  read  som where  or  other — in  Dionysius  of  Halicarnassus 
I  think — that  History  is  Philosophy  teaching  by  examples. 

Bolinbroke. 


"Maine  in  Verse  and  Story"  is  the  title  of  a  new  book  recently 
issued  from  the  press  of  Richard  G.  Badger,  Boston,  by  George  A. 
Cleveland.  It  is  a  highly  entertaining  Volume  of  275  pages  con- 
taining stories  of  Maine  in  both  prose  and  poetry.  Its  every  line 
breathes  of  real  Maine  life.  It  is  a  valuable  addition  to  Maine 
literature  as  descriptions  of  country  life,  of  its  woods,  lakes,  rivers 
and  ponds,  are  true  pictures  and  rank  with  the  best  writers  upon 
these  subjects.  It  should  be  in  the  library  of  every  one  interested 
in  the  history  and  literature  of  our  state  and  all  collectors  of  Maine 
books  should  secure  it. 


u6      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL   OF   MAINE   HISTORY 

Biddeford,  Maine,  Cemetery 
Inscriptions 

Copied  and  Contributed  by  James  I.  Wyer,  Jr.,  of  Albany, 

New  York. 

(Continued  from  Page  21) 

*Hon.   Rishworth  Jordan 
son  of  Capt.  S.  Jordan 
d.  Apr.  1 8,  1808  ae.  89 


*Mrs.  Abigail  the  aimiable 

consort  of  Hon.  Rishworth  Jordan 

d.  Oct.  25,  1794  ae.  74 


*Mrs.  Jane  wife  of  Mr. 
William  Shannon  &  dau'r. 
of  Hon.  Rishworth  Jordan 

d.  Apr.  20,   1822  ae.  67 

Robert  E.  Jordan 

d. 

Feb.  14,  1886  ae.  78  yrs.  1  mo.  16  ds. 

veteran  1861-65 


Lucinda   wife  of 

Robert  E.  Jordan  d. 

Sept.  6,  1855  ae.  44  yrs. 

our  dau. 

Ellen  Maria  d.  Apr.  2,  1856 

ae.  19  yrs.  7  mos.  15  ds. 

Ralph  T.  Jordan  d. 
May  24,  1850  ae.  85  yrs.  7  mos. 
erected  by  his  dau.  E.   A.  Riley 

Mary  wife  of 

Deacon  R  T.  Jordan  d. 

Sept.   18,  1863  ae.  97  yrs. 

7  mos.  &  22  ds. 


Elizabeth  A.  wife  of 

Win.  P.  Riley  d. 

May  9.  1868  ae.  68  yrs.  8  mos. 

&  10  ds. 


BIDDEFORD    CEMETERY    INSCRIPTIONS  117 


The  following  are  copied  from  stones  in  the  cemetery  on  the  southwest 
bank  of  the  Saco  river,  about  1-2  mile  above  Camp  Ellis  pier. 
Capt.  William  Benson 
d.   Mar.  9,  1847  ae.  45  yrs. 


Hannah  wife  of  Capt.  William  Benson 
d.  Aug.  26,  1861  ae.  64  yrs.  5  mos. 


Hannah  dau.  of  William  &  Hannah  Benson 
d.  Apr.  3,  1858  ae.  20  yrs.  5  mos. 


Capt.  William  H.  Benson 
Sept.  11,  1836-July  16,  1901 

Father 


Harriet  C.  wife  of  William  H.  Benson 

Nov.  10,  1839 — Aug.  10,  1905 

Mother 


Capt  George  Clark 

d.  Dec.  24,  1891  ae.  84  yrs. 

Eunice  M.  wife  of  Capt  George  Clark 

d.    Aug.    10,    1892    ae.    84   yrs. 


Capt.  James  Emerson  1840-1906 


Capt.  John  Falker 

d.  May  12,  1843  ae.  36  yrs.  8  mos. 


Sarah  wife  of 
John  Falker  d.  Oct.  17,  1847  ae.  66 


Capt  John  Falker 

d.  Apr.  24.  1912  ae.  67  yrs.  10  mos. 


Emma  M.   wife  of  Capt.  John  Falker 
d.  Oct.  10,  1889  ae.  32  yrs.  5  mos. 


John  G.  Falker  d.  Dec.  29,  1864  ae  87  yrs.  5  mos. 


Father 
Capt.   Nathaniel   H.   Falker 
d.  Apr.  2,  1902  ae.  81  yrs.  5  mos.  15  dis. 


Mother 

Mary  E.  wife  of   Capt.  Nathaniel  Falker 

d.  Mar.  13,  1893  ae.  69  yrs.  8  mos. 


n8      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL   OF    MAINE   HISTORY 


Cora  M.  dau.  of  Nathaniel  H.  &  Mary  Falker 
d.  June  13,  1878  ae.  22  yrs.  1  mo. 


Joseph  W.  son  of  Nathaniel  H.  &  Mary  Falker 
d.  Aug.  11,   1843  ae.  10  mos.  13  ds. 


Lizzie  S.   dau.   of  Nathaniel   H.  &  Mark  Falker 
d.  Sept.  8,  1878  ae.  16  yrs.  6  mos.  24  ds. 


Olive  L.  dau.  of  Nathaniel   H.  &  Mary  Falker 
d.  July  19,  1853  ae.  17  mos. 


Christopher  Gilpatrick 
d.  Feb.  17,  1832  ae.  81. 


Sarah  wife  of  Christopher  Gilpatrick 
d.  May  26,  1830  ae.  77 


Harriet  N.  wife  of  Capt.   Samuel 
Gillpatrick  d.   Feb.   5,    1855   ae.   32  yrs.    10  mos. 


Edmund  P.   son  of   Samuel  &  Harriet  Gillpatrick 
d.  Aug.  2,  1846  ae.  2  yrs.  4  mos. 


Sarah  Louisa  dau.  of  Samuel  &  Harriet  Gillpatrick 
d  Mar.  18,  1852  ae.   1  yr. 


Susan  Gilpatrick 

b.   Aug.   28,    1786   d.    Aug.   29,    1862 
erected  by  her  sister 
Elizabeth   Scamman 


Almira  E.  wife  of 
Capt  Thomas  Goldthwaite  Mother 

d,  Apr.  28,  1913  ae.  85  yrs.  2  mos. 


Mrs.  Abigail  Hill 
d.  July  3,   1807  ae.  67 

Capt  William  Hill 

d.  Apr.  14,  1863  ae.  78  yrs.  11  mos. 


Lorana  wife  of  Capt.  William  Hill 
d.    May   29,    1835   ae.   47  yrs. 


Sarah  W.  wife  of  Capt.  William  Hill 
d.  Oct.  5,  1883  ae.  86  yrs.  8  mos. 


BIDDEFORD    CEMETERY    INSCRIPTIONS  119 

Paulene  dau.  of  William  &  Lorana  Hill 
d.  May  5,  1873  ae.  62  yrs. 


John  Holman 

d.  Aug.  25,  1872  ae.  73  yrs.  2  mos. 


Mrs.   Paulina  R.   Holman 

d.  June  14.  [884  ae.  74  yrs.  11  mos. 


Capt.   Rishworth  Jordan 
b.  Sept.  24,  1794  d.  Oct.  13,  1889 


Ke/iah  wife  of  Capt.  Rishworth  Jordan 
d.    May  24,    [847  ae.  48  yrs.  5  mos. 


Mother — Abbie    wife    of    Charles 
H.  Kendrick,  d.  July  16,  1892 
ae.  44  yrs.  4  mos. 


(on  1    shaft  ) 
Abraham    Norwood 
b.  Dec.  4.  1789  d.  Aug.  24.  1844 

Nancy  his    wife 
b.  Sept.  10,  1785  d.  Oct.  30,  1852 

Ann 
h.  Apr.  21,  1804  d.  May  15,  1829 

Eliza 
b.  June  22,  1805  space  left  for  death 

Abraham 
b.  Dec.  28,  1806    d.  Oct.  7,  1880 

Hester  W. 
b.  Oct.  21,   1817    d.  July  16,  1878 

Eleanor 
b.  June  10,   1 819    d.  Nov.  5,  1838 

Luanda 
b.  June  21,  1821    d.  Jan.   17,  1899 

Catherine 
b.  Jan.  22,  1823    d.  Feb.  4.  1823 

Albert 
b.  Dec.  13,  1823    d.  Aug.  11.  1888 

Edwin   L. 
b.   Sept.  8,  1825    d.  July  I,  1826 

Abigail  W. 
b.  Nov.  10,   1808    d.  Jan.   18,   1873 

Susan 
b.  May  17,  1810    d.  Sept.  1,  1871 

Jonathan 
b.  Dec.  2,  181 1    d.  Apr.  20,  1900 


i2o      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL   OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


Mary    P. 
b.  Jan.  19,  1813    d.  Nov.  28,  1834 

Elias 
b.  Sept.  18,  1814 

Augusta 
b.  Mar.  29,  1816    d.  Aug.  20,  1853 


Albert   Norwood  1823  — 1888 

Mary  his  wife  1828 — 1904 


Elizabeth  wife  of  Benjamin  Scamman 
d.  Mar.  1,  1872  ae.  85  yrs.  25  ds. 


John  Stacy  d.  May  27,  i& 
ae.  68  yrs.   1   mo.  20  ds. 


Sarah    W.    Stacy   d.    Apr.    25,    \\ 
ae.  75  yrs. 


Joseph  Stevens 

d.  Mar.  11,  1840,  ae.  yy 


Charity  wife  of  Joseph  Stevens  Mother 

d.  Jan.  1,  1840  ae.  74 

(To  be  Continued) 


A  collection  of  portraits  of  the  English  sovereigns  from  William 
the  Norman  who  began  to  rule  in  1066  to  Victoria  who  became 
queen  in  1837,  nas  been  made  by  Miss  Evelyn  L.  Gilmore  of  Port- 
land, Maine,  librarian  of  the  Maine  Historical  Society.  There  is 
also  a  portrait  of  Alfred  the  Great  whose  reign  extended  from  872 
to  900.  In  all  there  are  36  portraits  in  the  collection  which  \s  neatly 
bound  and  annotated.  The  portraits  are  engraved  and  nearly  all 
of  them  accompanied  by  minor  illustrations  of  a  historical  char- 
acter. 


THE   EVELETH   FAMILY  121 

The  Eveleth  Family  of  Monson  and 
Greenville,  Maine 

A  contributor  ("C.  H.  E.")  to  the  Historical  and  Genealogical 
Department  of  the  Eastern  Argus,  has  recently  written  several 
valuable  sketches  of  the  Eveleth  family  in  New  England,  and  in  his 
last  article  said : 

Oliver  Eveleth  was  born  in  Stow,  Massachuetts,  on  the  third 
of  January,  1792.  He  was  a  son  of  Capt.  Daniel  (vi)  and  Betty  or 
Elizabeth  Hale  and  grandson  of  John  (v)  and  Abiagail  Knowles ; 
Francis  (iv)  and  Mary  Hunt;  Rev.  John  Eveleth  and  Mary  Bow- 
man; Joseph  and  Mary  Bragg;  Sylvester  and  Susan  Eveleth  the 
colonists. 

By  the  Stow  records  we  learn  he  was  married  January,  1820, 
to  Betsy  (or  Becky?)  Whitcomb  of  Boston  and  their  first  child, 
Emily  Ann,  was  born  in  May,  1821.  Further  than  this  the  Stow 
account  does  not  say,  but  Mr.  Mcllvene  wrote  me  that  he  was  in 
Monson,  Maine,  about  1825. 

In  the  Crafts  Family,  page  613,  is  the  marriage  of  Rebecca  Whit- 
comb Eveleth,  a  daughter  of  John  H.  and  Nellie  Mansett  of  Green- 
ville, Maine.  She  was  born  April,  1865,  and  married  September, 
1889,  Arthur  Abram  Crafts,  who  was  born  in  Ohio ;  was  in  Chicago 
engaged  in  business  with  his  father  and  going  to  Iowa  their  first 
child  born  in  Spencer,  Iowa,  was  called  Julia  Ellen.  Two  years 
later  in  1893,  Oliver  Eveleth  Crafts  was  born  to  them  in  Austin, 
Illinois. 

Now  the  connection  of  these  families  is  desired.  John  H. 
Eveleth  might  have  been  a  son  of  Oliver  and  Betsy  or  Becky  grown 
to  manhood  and  married  in  Maine.  But  there  are  others,  for  John 
is  a  favorite  name  among  the  Eveleths.  There  was  born  in  Augusta 
to  John  Eveleth  and  Sarah  Hale,  who  was  an  uncle  to  Oliver,  John 
Henry  Eveleth,  181 1  to  1850,  who  married  Martha  Holman  of  Bos- 
ton, Mass.,  and  left  two  children  (both  were  living  at  last  account). 
PYederick  W.,  who  married  and  had  issue  and  Ellen  H.,  who  mar- 
ried in  1865,  Rev.  Alexander  McKenzie,  D.  D.,  who  lately  deceased 
in  Cambridge,  Mass.  I  had  gleaned  from  North's  History  of  Au- 
gusta that  this  John  Henry  Eveleth  was  a  merchant  in  Farmington 
and  deceased  there  but  was  much  surprised  last  September  to  learn 
that  he  died  in  or  near  Boston  and  that  both  he  and  his  wife  are 
among  those  "awaiting  the  resurrection"  in  Mt.  Auburn,  Cambridge, 


122       SPRAGUE'S    JOURNAL   OF    MAINE   HISTORY 


Mass.     Also  from  the  1849  Boston  Directory,  Blackmer  &  Eveletb 
stoves.     John  H.  Eveleth  was  the  junior  of  this  firm. 

Then  another  John  Eveleth  is  named  in  Hatch's  History  of  In- 
dustry, a  son  of  James  Eveleth  and  Sarah  Blackstone  Conners.  Mr. 
Hatch  only  places  their  name  in  the  list  of  their  children.  As  this 
James  must  have  been  past  sixty  years  of  age  when  in  1814  he 
wedded  Mrs.  Conners,  this  list  of  seven  children,  only  two  of  whom 
he  gives  birth  dates,  seems  doubtful.  It  has  seemed  as  if  some  other 
family  list  had  been  given  and  in  central  Maine  a  century  ago  beside 
ten  or  more  children  of  James  Eveleth  there  were  grandchildren  of 
Capt.  Nathaniel  Eveleth,  of  New  Gloucester  living  in  Guilford  and 
Abbott,  beside  children  of  John  Hale  Eveleth  of  Augusta. 

Judge  Edgar  C.  Smith  of  Foxcroft,  Maine,  referring  to  the  fore- 
going has  since  communicated  to  the  Argus  the  following: 

Oliver  Eveleth,  son  of  Daniel  and  Betsey  (Hale)  Eveleth,  was 
born  in  Stow,  Mass.,  January  3,  1792;  married  February  21,  1820, 
Betsey  Whitcomb,  a  native  of  Bolton,  Mass. ;  died  in  Greenville, 
Maine,  June  4,  1874.  Children:  Emily  A.,  born  in  1821,  married 
A.  G.  Huston,  died  July  8,  1846;  John  H.,  of  whom  see  below. 
Oliver  bought  some  land  in  Monson  about  1820  and  moved  there 
with  his  family  in  1824.  He  was  the  first  trader  in  the  town,  open- 
ing a  store  in  the  fall  of  1825.  He  moved  to  Greenville  in  1850  and 
died  there  as  above  stated. 

John  H.  Eveleth,  son  of  Oliver,  was  born  in  Monson,  Maine, 
December  21,  1826;  married  (1st)  Louise  Ellen  Mansell,  May  20, 
1862.  Children:  Emily  R.,  born  February  22,  1863,  died  in 
infancy;  Rebecca  Whitcomb,  born  April  12,  1865,  who  married 
Arthur  A.  Crafts,  as  stated  in  the  "C.  E.  H."  article.  John  H., 
married  (2nd)  Hattie  Hunter,  October  8,  1888.  No  children  by 
this  marriage;  he  died  November  7,  1899.  He  moved  from 
Monson  to  Greenville,  Maine  in  1848,  and  opened  a  store  there. 
He  became  one  of  the  most  prosperous  and  wealthiest  business  men 
of  Piscataquis  county,  and  had  large  holdings  in  timberlands  and 
olher  real  estate,  also  was  a  large  owner  in  the  steamboat  lines  on 
Moosehead  Lake.  His  death  was  caused  by  his  horse  running 
away  and  throwing  him  violently  against  a  stone  abutment  of  an 
overhead  railroad  bridge. 


THE   CABOT  EXPEDITION  123 


The  Cabot  Expedition 

The  State  of  Maine,  says  the  Eastern  Argus,  can  lay  claim  to 
the  distinction  of  being  the  first  part  of  the  United  States  discovered 
by  white  men.  This  is  true  whether  we  take  into  account  the 
hypothetical  visit  of  Lief  Ericson  to  this  region  in  about  the  year 
1000  or  not.  There  are  marks  on  Monhegan  Island  and  the  nearby 
mainland  which  indicate  that  the  Icelanders  at  least  called  there 
at  that  time  and  also  later.  But  those  events  are  prehistoric,  as  no 
other  record  of  them  was  left  to  posterity  by  Ericson  and  his  com- 
panions). 

But  the  voyage  of  John  Cabot,  the  English  explorer,  in  1497,  is 
a  well  authenticated  chapter  in  the  annals  of  early  American  dis- 
coveries. This  adventurer,  with  his  son,  Sebastian,  called  along 
this  coast  in  the  summer  of  that  year  and  took  possession  in  the 
name  of  the  English  sovereign.  It  was  not  until  a  year  later  that 
Columbus  on  his  third  voyage,  at  last  reached  the  mainland,  his 
previous  discoveries  having  been  the  West  India  Islands,  far  from 
the  American  coast. 

So  it  is  a  well  established  fact  that  Maine  was  the  first  territory 
in  what  is  now  the  United  States  that  was  seen  by  European  trav- 
elers. She  has  the  rights  of  precedence  over  all  other  states  always 
accorded  to  places  and  persons  of  the  greatest  antiquity.  Her  pre- 
tensions to  the  oldest  and  highest  respectability  cannot  be  disputed 
even  by  Massachusetts.  Englishmen  sailed  through  Casco  Bay 
and  rounded  Cape  Elizabeth  weeks  before  they  navigated  Massa- 
chusetts Bay  and  weathered  Cape  Cod. 

Among  all  her  other  attractions  and  honors  this  is  surely  some- 
thing for  old  Maine  to  proudly  boast  of.  To  have  been  the  spot 
where  the  English  language  was  first  heard,  and  where  the  English 
flag  was  first  planted  makes  her  noted  above  all  other  localities  in 
this  great  country.  It  seems  as  though  some  public  ceremony 
should  be  held,  or  a  monument  be  reared,  to  commemorate  the 
Cabot  Expedition  to  Maine  in  the  summer  of  1497- 


SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

PUBLISHED      QUARTERLY 


Entered  as  second  class  matter  at  the  post  office,  JDover,  Maine,  by  John 
Francis   Sprague,   Editor   and  Publisher. 

Terms:  For  all  numbers  issued  during  the  year,  including  an  index  and  all 
special  issues,   $1.00.     Single  copies,   25  cents.     Bound   volumes  of  same,   $1.75. 

Bound  volumes  of  Vol.  I,  $2.50.  Vol.  I  (bound)  will  be  furnished  to  new  sub- 
scribers  to  the  Journal  for  $2.00. 

Postage   prepaid  on  all   items. 

Commencing  with  Vol.  3,  the  terms  will  be  $1.00  only  to  subscribers  who  pay 
in  advance,  otherwise  $1.50. 


"The  lives  of  former  generations  are  a  lesson  to  posterity;  that 
a  man  may  review  the  remarkable  events  which  have  happened  to 
others,  and  be  admonished;  and  may  consider  the  history  of  people 
of  preceding  ages,  and  of  all  that  hath  befallen  them,  and  be  restrained. 
Extolled  be  the  perfection  of  Him  who  hath  thus  ordained  the  his- 
tory of  former  generations  to  be  a  lesson  to  those  which  follow." 
— Tales  of  a  Thousand  and  One  Nights. 

Vol.  Ill  OCTOBER,  1915  No.  3 


The  Study  of  Maine  History  in 
Our  Schools 

The  following  communication  from  Honorable  William  B. 
Kendall  of  Bowdoinham,  Maine,  is  of  great  importance  and  ought 
to  receive  the  attention  of  the  press  and  school  officers  of  our  state 
as  he  suggests. 

Mr.  Kendall  as  member  of  the  Maine  Legislature  and  in  many 
other  ways  has  done  much  to  promote  a  more  pronounced  public 
interest  in  these  matters : 

Bowdoinham,  July  15,  191 5. 

Editor  of  Sprague's  Journal  of  Maine  History: 

Interest  in  Maine  history  seems  to  be  taking  on  a  boom,  and 
doubtless  during  the  coming  winter  there  will  be  very  much  more 
attention  given  to  it  in  our  Maine  newspapers.  It  is  a  magnificent 
field  for  instruction  of  our  youth  for  things  that  pertain  to  their 
own  State,  county  and  town. 

The  Portland  Express  from  April  24th  to  June  12th  took  this 
matter  up  in  an  interesting  way  by  the  publication  of  60  questions 
of  a  commercial,  civic  and  historical  nature  on  Cumberland  county; 
offering  $40.00  in  prizes  to  the  boys  and  girls  in  the  High  and  Gram- 
mar school  grades  in  four  divisions  of  Cumberland  county.     $5.00 


MAINE  HISTORY   IN   OUR  SCHOOLS  125 

to  each  prize  winner,  and  a  $5.00  gift  to  the  school  that  the  prize 
winner  attended.  These  60  questions  aroused  a  great  deal  of  inter- 
est in  both  old  and  young  in  Cumberland  county,  and  I  understand 
the  Express  called  it  a  decided  success.  In  this  connection  it  is 
hoped  that  other  papers,  like  the  Lewiston  Journal,  Kennebec  Jour- 
nal and  Bangor  papers,  will  put  in  line  a  series  of  questions  cover- 
ing the  county  in  which  their  paper  is  published,  and  also  the  sur- 
rounding counties  in  which  it  has  wide  circulation. 

The  opportunity  to  disseminate  some  rich  and  valuable  informa- 
tion for  the  youth  of  Maine  which  has  been  neglected  so  long  seems 
to  the  writer  to  be  almost  endless.  I  also  understand  that  the  Maine 
Superintendents  Association  has  appointed  a  committee  to  investi- 
gate this  line  for  the  purpose  of  recommending  its  introduction 
into  the  public  schools  of  Maine.  Possibly  in  view  of  even  at  this 
late  date,  and  taking  advantage  of  the  State  law  passed  in  1907 
entitled  "An  act  to  encourage  the  compiling  and  teaching  of  local 
history  and  local  geography  in  the  public  schools,"  a  copy  of  which 
I  am  attaching  herewith,  our  educators,  it  seems  to  me,  ought  to 
deplore  the  fact  that  a  measure  which  has  as  much  merit  as  this 
for  the  best  interests  of  a  more  practical  education  for  our  boys 
and  girls,  in  regard  to  their  home  surroundings,  should  have  been 
neglected  so  long  in  face  of  its  possibilities  for  worth  while  study 
of  all  our  individual  towns,  counties  and  State,  and  which  certainty 
would  serve  to  arouse  more  civic  and  commercial  interest  and  pride 
in  our  state  in  which  we  are  unquestionably  considerably  lacking. 

William  B.  Kendall. 

The  following  is  the  law  referred  to  by  Mr.  Kendall,  (Chap.  88, 
Public  Laws  of  1907)  as  amended  by  Chap.  138,  1909  and  Chap. 
159,  191 1. 

CHAPTER  88. 

An  aot  to  encourage  the  compiling  and  teaching  of  local  history  and  local 
geography  in  the  public  schools. 

Section  1 — The  Governor,  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  council, 
shall  appoint  a  State  historian,  who  shall  be  a  member  of  the  Maine  Historical 
Society  and  whose  duty  it  shall  be  to  compile  historical  data  of  the  State  of 
Maine  and  encourage  the  teaching  of  the  same  in  the  public  schools.  It  shall 
also  be  his  duty  to  encourage  the  compiling  and  the  publishing  of  town 
histories,  combined  with  local  geography.  It  shall  further  be  his  duty 
to  examine,  and  when  he  decides  that  the  material  is  suitable,  approve  his- 
tories  of  towns  compiled  as  provided  in  section  two  of  this  act. 

Section  2 — Whenever  any  town  shall  present  to  the  State  historian  ma- 
terial which  he  considers  suitable  for  publication,  as  a  history  of  the  town, 


126      SPRAGUE'S    JOURNAL   OF    MAINE    HISTORY 


presenting  the  same,  then  he  may  approve  of  the  publication  of  a  history 
with  the  local  geography  which  will  be  suitable  for  the  use  in  the  grammar 
and  high  school  grades  of  the  public  schools. 

Section  3 — Whenever  material  for  a  town  history  with  local  geography 
has  been  approved  by  the  State  historian,  and  the  same  has  been  published 
by  the  town,  and  provision  has  been  made  for  its  regular  use  in  the  public 
schools  of  said  town;  then  the  State  treasurer  shall  pay  the  town  so 
published  a  sum  not  exceeding  $150,  provided  that  the  state  shall  not  pay 
to  any  town,  to  exceed  one-half  the  amount  paid  by  said  town  for  printing 
and  binding  said  histories. 

Section  4 — The  superintending  school  committee,  and  the  superintendent 
of  schools,  shall  elect  some  citizen  of  the  town  to  serve  with  them;  and 
these  persons  shall  constitute  a  board  to  compile  a  history  and  the  local 
geography  of  the  town  in  which  they  reside.  Two  or  more  towns  may  unite 
in  compiling  and  publishing  a  history  and  the  local  geography  of  the  towns 
forming  the  union.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  superintendent  of  schools 
to  forward  two  copies  of  said  history  to  the  Maine  State  Library  and  notify 
the  superintendent  of  public  schools  of  title  of  said  history. 

Section  5 — All  the  actual  cash  expense  of  the  said  State  historian  incurred 
while  in  the  discharge  of  his  official  dtvties  shall  be  paid  on  the  approval 
and  order  of  the  Governor  and  Council,  and  shall  not  exceed  $500  per  annum. 

Section  6 — The  State  historian  is  authorized  to  expend,  under  the  direction 
of  the  Governor  and  Council,  any  portion  of  the  amount  appropriated  by 
this  act,  in  the  publication  of  historical  matter  and  data  relating  to  the 
History  of  Maine,  or  in  making  available  by  card,  catalogue  and  otherwise, 
historical  materials  in  the  possession  of  the  state. 

Section  7 — The  marking  of  historical  sites,  as  authorized  by  the  legisla- 
ture, shall  be  under  the  direction  of  the  State  historian. 


A  Valuable  Ancient  Record 

Honorable  Fred  J.  Allen  of  Sanford,  Maine,  has  in  his  posses- 
sion, which  the  writer  recently  examined,  an  old  record  book  of  the 
records  of  the  Proprietors  of  Philipstown  Plantation,  which  is  now 
the  town  of  Sanford. 

The  meetings  were  usually  held  in  Boston  and  Samuel  Adams 
was  one  of  the  proprietors. 

There  are  old  documents,  such  as  deeds  indentures,  etc.,  recorded 
in  this  book  as  early  as  April  8,  1661. 

Sir  William  Pepperell  was  the  clerk  and  recorded  the  proceedings 
of  the  proprietors  meetings.  This  is  of  great  historical  value  and 
Mr.  Allen  informs  us  that  he  intends  to  have  it  copied,  by  an  expert 
in  work  of  this  kind,  and  will  finally  present  the  original  book  to 
the  Maine  Historical  Society.  By  so  doing  he  will  add  a  valuable 
historical  item  to  the  Documentary  History  of  Maine. 


NOTES    AND    FRAGMENTS    -  127 


Notes  and  Fragments 

In  the  window  of  a  Bath  store  is  an  old  pocketbook  and  near  it 
a  paper  inscribed,  "This  pocketbook  was  brought  from  England  in 
1620."  The  pocketbook  was  brought  over  in  the  Maybower  by  a 
Capt.  Williams,  a  direct  ancestor  of  Mrs.  Thomas  Leydon  of  Bath, 
who  was  a  Miss  Rose  Whitney,  and  David  K.  Whitney,  who  form- 
erly resided  in  Westport,  Maine,  who  tells  the  authenticated  story 
of  the  antique  heirloom.  The  Bath  Times  says  that  the  original 
owner,  the  Puritan  who  came  over  in  the  Mayflower,  landed  on 
Plymouth  Rock  with  the  other  Pilgrims  and  lived  for  a  time  with 
the  colony  there,  but  later  on  moved  and  settled  on  a  tract  of  land 
in  what  is  now  Watertown,  Mass. 


One  of  the  leading  and  most  important  industries  of  Eastern 
Maine  is  the  Fay  &  Scott  iron  working  concern  in  Dexter,  who  are 
extensive  manufacturer  of  nearly  all  kinds  of  machinery.  Recently 
they  have  been  issuing  some  neat  and  attractive  little  brochures 
which  are  advertising  classics  entitled  "Fayscott  Facts."  From 
them  we  learn  that  their  plant  was  first  established  in  1881,  having 
then  less  than  ten  employees  while  today  their  weekly  pay  roll  is 
over  $4,000.00. 


The  Honorable  George  Melville  Seiders,  one  of  the  able  and  dis- 
tinguished lawyers  of  Maine,  died  at  his  home  in  Portland,  Maine, 
May  26,  191 5.  He  was  born  in  Union,  Maine,  January  15,  1844 
and  was  the  son  of  Henry  and  Mary  W.  (Starrett)  Seiders  whose 
ancestors  were  Germans  and  among  those  who  settled  Broad  Bay, 
now  Waldoboro,  between  1740  and  1750.  From  a  farmer's  boy  he 
became  a  school  teacher,  soldier  in  the  Civil  War,  lawyer,  a  law 
partner  of  Thomas  Brackett  Reed,  member  of  the  Maine  Legisla- 
ture, State  Senator  and  Attorney  General.  He  filled  every  place  of 
honor  to  which  he  was  called  with  ability  and  fidelity. 

As  a  public  speaker  and  advocate  at  the  bar  he  was  able,  forceful 
and  logical. 

He  was  always  a  Republican  in  his  political  affiliations  until  the 
formation  of  the  Progressive  party,  when  he  became  an  active 
member  of  that  organization,  and  served  for  two  years  as  chairman 
of  the  Progressive  State  Committee. 

Mr  Seiders,  besides  being  an  active  member  of  the  Maine  His- 
torical society  and  the  Maine  Genealogical  society,  was  a  member  of 


128      SPRAGUE'S    JOURNAL   OF    MAINE    HISTORY 


the  Bramhall  League,  the  Cumberland  club  and  Bosworth  Post, 
C'r.  A.  R.  He  was  from  his  youth  a  member  of  the  Congregational 
church. 

He  was  deeply  interested  in  all  subjects  pertaining  to  Maine's 
early  history  and  frequently  wrote  the  editor  words  of  encourage- 
ment regarding  the  work  that  the  Journal  is  engaged  in. 


William  Cole  Spaulding,  a  prominent  citizen  and  leading  busi- 
ness man  of  Aroostook  County,  died  at  his  home  in  Caribou,  July 
6,  1915.  He  was  born  in  Buckfield,  Maine,  June  17,  1841.  His 
father  was  Sidney  Spaulding  and  his  mother  Elizabeth  (Atwood) 
Spaulding.  On  both  sides  Mr.  Spaulding  was  descended  from  old 
New  England  families  and  his  great  grandfather,  Benjamin  Spauld- 
ing, of  Chelmsford,  Mass.,  was  the  first  settler  in  Buckfield,  coming 
there  in  the  winter  of  1775. 

Mr.  Spaulding  was  a  director  of  the  B.  &  A.  Railroad  which  posi- 
tion he  has  held  for  several  years  past,  and  was  connected  with  the 
banks  of  Northern  Aroostook. 

He  had  held  important  positions  of  trust  in  his  town  and  was  in 
every  way  a  highly  respected  citizen. 

His  son,  Mr.  A.  W.  Spaulding,  recently  wrote  the  following  in  a 
letter  to  the  editor : 

"My  father  was  deeply  interested  in  your  work  and  he  and  I 
looked  forward  with  genuine  pleasure  to  receiving  each  number 
and  only  regretted  that  it  did  not  come  oftener. 

"I  hope  that  you  may  be  spared  many  years  to  do  the  work  which 
you  are  doing — a  work  that  you  are  so  well  adapted  to." 


We  desire  to  extend  our  thanks  to  Honorable  Isaiah  K.  Stetson 
of  Bangor  for  a  copy  of  the  history  of  the  Stetson  family  of  Maine, 
of  which  he  was  the  author  and  compiler  and  which  was  published 
in  1892.  The  Stetsons  of  Bangor  have  all  been  strong  characters 
and  men  of  note  and  their  names  are  inseparably  interwoven  with 
the  business,  professional  and  political  life  of  that  city  and  of  East- 
ern Maine.  Among  them  have  been  a  Congressman,  Mayors  of 
that  city,  two  of  the  ablest  lawyers  that  Bangor  has  ever  known,  and 
all  engaged  in  large  business  affairs. 

The  author,  Isaiah  Kidder  Stetson,  has  himself  received  high 
honors  at  the  hands  of  his  fellow  citizens,  having  served  in  both 


SAYINGS   OF   SUBSCRIBERS  129 

Houses  of  the  Maine  Legislature  and  been  Speaker  of  the  House  of 
Representatives. 

The  ancestor  of  the  Stetson  family  in  America  was  Robert  Stet- 
son, commonly  called  Cornet  Robert,  because  he  was  Cornet  of  the 
first  Horse  Company  raised  in  Plymouth  Colony,  Massachusetts, 
in  the  year  1659. 

He  settled  in  Scituate,  Massachusetts,  in  the  year  1634. 

His  descendant  in  the  sixth  generation,  Simeon  Stetson,  was  born 
in  Braintree,  now  Randolph,  Massachusetts,  October  26,  1770,  and 
he  died  December  20,  1836. 

In  1803  Simeon  came  to  Maine  and  settled  in  Hampden,  and  moved 
his  family  there  in  the  Spring  of  1804. 

What  is  now  the  town  of  Stetson,  in  Penobscot  County,  was 
named  for  Major  Amasa  Stetson,  a  brother  of  Simeon,  who  at  that 
time  was  a  resident  of  Boston  and  later  of  Dorchester,  Massachu- 
setts, and  who  was  the  original  proprietor  of  that  township. 

From  Simeon  Stetson  have  descended  this  Bangor  family  of 
Stetsons  above  mentioned. 


Sayings  of  Subscribers 

Honorable  Allen  M.  Phillips  of  Shirley,  Maine: 

"I  esteem  the  Journal  very  much.     It  is  in  a  class  by  itself.     It 
fills  the  place  not  reached  by  any  other  publication  in  Maine." 


Reverend  Henry  O.  Thayer,  New  York : 

"I  was  gratified  to  see  in  Honorable  J.  W.  Porter's  papers, 
(Wayfarers  Notes)  his  account  of  "A  Famous  Lawsuit."  You  may 
know  this  ''great  contest"  and  connected  affairs  directly  concern 
me  and  that  part  of  Maine  that  I  am  interested  in.  I  have  collected 
no  small  amount  of  materials  on  that  big  baseless  claim  and  the  con- 
troversy over  it." 


Mr.  Charles  W.  Noyes  of  New  York,  a  well  known  historical  stu- 
dent and  writer,  and  authority  on  Castine,  (Maine)  history: 
"I  wish  to  express  my  good  fortune  in  possessing  the  Journal, 

and  my  appreciation  of  the  sincere  manner  in  which  it  is  conducted, 

and  of  its  value  as  a   store  house   for  many  things   which  might 

otherwise  be  lost  or  buried  and  thus  unavailable." 


130      SPRAGUE'S    JOURNAL   OF    MAINE   HISTORY 


Honorable  Forest  H.  Colby,  Bingham,  Maine : 

"I  read  the  July  number  of  the  Journal,  relating  to  Jackman  and 
the  Moose  River  Region,  with  a  great  deal  of  interest.  I  hope 
some  time  in  the  future  you  can  give  Bingham  and  vicinity  a  similar 
write  up." 


General  Augustus  B.  Farnham,  Bangor,  Maine: 

"Of  course  I  will  help  sustain  such  an  interesting  and  valuabh 
historical  publication  as  Sprague's  Journal." 


Mr.  William  H.  McDonald,  of  the  Editorial  Staff  of  the  Eastern 

Argus,  Portland,  Maine : 

"Your  neat  and  valuable  publication  is^  perused  with  each  issue, 
and  its  value  and  interest  is  found  to  grow  with  its  growth.  You 
certainly  began  on  the  right  line  and  'Sprague's  Journal  of  Maine 
History'  can  with  truth  be  said  to  fill  a  long  felt  want  in  our  historic 
community" 


New  Mount  Kineo  House  and  Annex 

/V\oosehead   Lake,   Kineo,  Maine 

In  the  Centre  of  the  Great  Wilderness  on  a   Peninsula  Under  the 
Shadow  of  Mount  Kineo 

On  the  east  side  of  the  most  beautiful  lake  in  New  England,  forty 
miles  long  and  twenty  miles  wide,  dotted  with  islands,  and  with  hundreds 
of  smaller  lakes  and  streams  in  easy  proximity,  in  the  midst  of  some  of  the 
grandest  scenery  in  America,  is  the 

NEW  MOUNT  KINEO  HOUSE  and  ANNEX 

recently  remodeled  and  with  man;  improvements  added;  making  it  second  to  none  for 
comfort,  convenience  and  recreation. 

It  is  a  Palace  in  the  Maine  woods  and  in  the  lieart  of  the  great  same  region. 

Tliis  region  leads  all  others  for  trout  and  salmon,  Spring  and  Summer  fishing. 

The    NEW    MOUNT    KINEO    HOUSE    opens    June    27,    remaining 
open    to  September  28th.     New  Annex  opens   May    16,    closes    Sept.  28 

WRITE   FOR   ILLUSTRATED   BOOKLET, 

containing  full  description  of  its  attractions  for  health  and  pleasure  during  the  Summer 
season.     First-class  transportation  facilities  offered  during  the  seasons. 

Ricker  Hotel  Company,  Kineo,  Maine, 

C.    /\.   JUDKIINS,    Manager. 


WM.  W.  ROBERTS  CO. 

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CONTENTS 


131 


THE  WORK  OF 

SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL 
OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

has  been  heartily  endorsed  by  the  press  of  Maine 
and  other  leadii  g  Journals  in  the  country  and  by 
many  of  the  most  prominent  men  of  Maine  and 
New  England. 

Tims  Ave  desire  to  call  your  attention  to  the  fact  that  this  is  the 
only  publication  in  the  world  today  that  is  devoted  exclusively  to 
the  advancement  of  historical  subjects  and  historical  research  along 
the  lines  of  Maine's  early  history. 

We  need  the  hearty  aid  and  co-operation  ot  every  person  in 
Maine  interested  in  this  matter.  If  you  are  not  a  subscriber,  kind- 
ly send  your  name  and  address  with  one  dollar  for  one  year's  sub- 
scription. If  you  are  already  a  subscriber,  bear  in  mind  that  the 
success  of  the  enterprise  owes  much  to  prompt  payments. 

Spragues  Journal  of  Maine  History 

DOVER,   MAINE 


CONTENTS 


PAGE 
The    First    and    the    Present    Con- 
gressman from  the  4th  District.  .  133 

A   Maine   Militia    Document 139 

Kennebec   Historical   Items 141 

Hon.    Elias   Dudley.    Political    Cor- 
respondence      143 

Hero   of   Wescustogo 148 

Biddeford,     Maine.     Cemetery     In- 
scriptions       151 

Henry    B.    Thoreau 156 

List    of  Members    First   Congrega- 
tional   Church,    Bangor 158 

Maine  as  a   Winter  Resort 104 

The  County  of  Yorkshire 166 


PAGE 
The     Birthplace     of     the     State     of 

Ma  ine    1(59 

The  Sebec  Centennial    172 

The     Towne     Family     and      Salem 

Witchcraft    176 

David     Barker,      "The     Burns      of 

Maine"    181 

Early      Maine      History      vs.      20th 

Century    History    190 

Study  of  Local  History 191 

Sayings   of    Subscribers 192 

Notes  and   Fragments 193 

Correspondence  196 


132      SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


^£*—7 


Sprague's  Journal  of  Maine    History 


Vol.  Ill  JANUARY,  1916  No.  4 


The  First  and  the  Present  Congress- 
man from  the  Bangor,  Maine 
Congressional  District 

By  the  Editor. 
THE  FIRST  CONGRESSMAN. 


HONORABLE   WILLIAM    DURKEE   WILLIAMSON. 

The  first  representative  in  Congress  from  the  Bangor  or  Eastern 
Maine  Congressional  District1  was  William  Durkee  Williamson, 
a  resident  of  Bangor,  which  was  then  a  town  in  Hancock  county, 
the  county  of  Penobscot  not  having  been  incorporated.  He 
was  born  in  Canterbury,  Connecticut,  July  31,  1779,  and  was  edu- 
cated at  Brown  University  from  which  he  took  his  degree  in  1804, 
at  the  age  of  twenty-five,  and  at  once  commenced  the  study  of  law 
in  the  office  of  Samuel  F.  Dickinson,  at  Amherst,  Mass.  On  being 
admitted  to  the  bar  he  immediately  entered  on  the  practice  at 
Bangor.  At  this  time  there  were  three  lawyers  in  the  town, — Allen 
Gilman;  Samuel  E.  Dutton,  who  soon  after  moved  to  Boston;  and 
Jacob  McGaw ;  and  sixteen  in  the  county,  embracing  Hancock, 
Penobscot,  and  territory  now  included  in  several  other  counties. 
He  soon  become  distinguished  as  a  lawyer  of  skill  and  ability,  and 
during  his  entire  life  he  maintained  an  excellent  reputation  at  the 
bar  and  in  the  community,  not  only  as  an  able  and  skillful  attorney 
but  as  a  man  of  the  utmost  integrity.  William  Willis  in  his  "History 
of  the  Law,  Courts  and  Lawyers  of  Maine,"  says  of  him : 

His  advance  was  greatly  aided  by  his  appointment,  in  1811,  as  county 
attorney  for  Hancock,  an  office  which  the  administration  of  Governor 
Gerry,    by    an    act    passed    that    year,    restored    to    the    patronage    of    the 


C)     Now    known    as    the    Fourth    Congressional    District 


134      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF  MAINE   HISTORY 


executive.  It  had  passed  through  several  mutations  within  a  few  years. 
It  was  originally  bestowed  by  the  courts ;  but  in  the  political  struggles 
for  power,  in  the  early  part  of  this  century,  it  was  made  the  foot-ball 
of  parties:  in  1807,  under  Governor  Sullivan,  the  Democratic  party 
gave  the  appointment  to  the  executive :  under  Governor  Gore,  in  1809, 
it  was  restored  to  the  courts:  in  181 1,  under  Governor  Gerry,  it  was 
again  given  to  the  executive,  as  were  also  the  clerkships  of  the  courts. 
Mr.  Williamson  was  the  most  active  democratic  lawyer  in  the  county, 
while  a  majority,  including  the  most  prominent  and  influential  mem- 
bers of  the  profession,  were  of  the  federal  party.  This  office  he  held, 
and  faithfully  discharged  its  duties,  until  it  became  vacant  by  the  estab- 
lishment of  the  county  of  Penobscot,  in  1816,  when  Jacob  McGaw  was 
appointed    for    Penobscot,    and    George    Herbert    of    Ellsworth    for    Han- 


William   Durkee  Williamson. 


cock.  The  same  year,  however,  he  was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  Massa- 
chusetts, and  held  the  office  by  successive  elections  until  the  separation 
of  Maine  from  Massachusetts.  When  this  event  took  place,  he  was 
chosen  the  first  and  sole  senator  from  Penobscot  to  the  Legislature  of 
Maine,  and  elected  president  of  that  body,  as  successor  to  Gen.  John 
Chandler,  who  was  chosen  the  first  senator  of  the  new  State  in  Con- 
gress. By  another  change,  during  his  term  of  office,  he  became  the 
acting  governor  of  the  State,  in  place  of  Governor  King,  who  was 
appointed  commissioner  under  the  Spanish  treaty,  and  resigned  the  office 
of  governor.  But  in  this  busy  time  of  political  mutation,  he  did  not  even 
hold    the    office    of    governor    through    the    whole    term,    for    having    been 


FIRST    AND    PRESENT    CONGRESSMAN  135 


elected  to  Congress  from  his  district,  he  resigned  the  former  office  to 
take  his  seat  in  the  House,  in  December,  1821.  This  position  he  held 
but  one  term,  when,  by  a  new  division  of  the  State  into  districts,  the 
election  fell  to  another  portion  of  the  territory :  David  Kidder,  a  lawyer 
in  Somerset  county,  was  his  successor. 

But  Mr.  Williamson  did  not  long  remain  without  the  honors  and 
emoluments  of  office:  in  1824,  he  was  appointed  judge  of  Probate  for 
the  county  of  Penobscot,  which  office  he  held  until  1840;  when  the 
amendment  of  the  constitution  having  taken  effect,  which  limited  the 
tenure  of  all  judicial  offices  to  seven  years,  he  retired  from  a  station 
which  he   had   filled  with  promptness,  fidelity,  and  ability   for  sixteen  years. 

In  the  latter  part  of  his  life  he  was  more  deeply  interested  in  litera- 
ture, research  and  study  of  the  Colonial  history  of  his  state.  In  the 
early  volumes  of  collections  of  the  Maine  Historical  Society  may  be 
found  a  score  or  more  of  valuable  papers  written  by  him  on  a  variety 
of  subjects,  all  of  which  pertain  to  the  early  history  of  Maine.  The 
greatest  monument  to  his  memory,  however,  is  his  "History  of  the 
State  of  Maine  from  its  First  Discovery,  A.  D.  1602,  to  the  Sepa- 
ration, A.  D.  1820,  inclusive."  This  valuable  work  was  published 
in  two  volumes  in  1832.  It  contains  in  all  1374  pages,  and  has  ever 
since  been  the  best  authority  on  the  history  of  Maine  that  has  yet 
been  written. 

Mr.  Williamson  died  May  27,  1847. 


HONORABLE    FRANK    EDWARD    GUERNSEY. 

Frank  Edward  Guernsey,  the  present  member  of  Congress  from 
the  Fourth  Congressional  District,  was  born  in  Dover,  Piscataquis 
county,  Maine,  October  15,  1866,  the  son  of  Edward  Hersey  Guern- 
sey and  Hannah  (Thompson)  Guernsey.  He  is  a  descendant  in  the 
ninth  generation  from  John  Guernsey,  the  immigrant  ancestor  of 
that  branch  of  the  Guernsey  family  to  which  he  belongs.  John 
Guernsey  came  to  America  from  the  Isle  of  Guernsey  and  settled  in 
Milford,  Connecticut,  in  1639.  Cutter's  New  England  Families 
(1915)  Vol.  1,  p.  185,  states  that  this  family  derived  its  name  from 
the  Isle  of  Guernsey,  although  in  the  early  records  it  was  spelled 
interchangeably  as  Guernsey,  Garnsey,  Gornsey  or  Gornsy.  His 
mother,  Hannah  M.  Thompson,  was  the  daughter  of  James  Thomp- 
son, who  in  1826  married  Hannah  Hunt  Coombs,  who  was  born  in 
Brunswick,  Maine,  1806  and  died  1891. 


136      SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

James  Thompson  was  a  descendant  in  the  eighth  generation  from 
James  Thompson,  who  was  born  in  England  in  1593.  He  came  to 
America  in  Winthrop's  great  company  of  colonists  in  1630  and 
was  one  of  the  original  settlers  of  Woburn,  Mass. 

His  wife,  Elizabeth,  and  three  sons  and  one  daughter  accompanied 
him  in  his  journey.  Other  brothers  of  his,  Edward,  John,  Archi- 
bald and  Benjamin,  came  over  at  different  periods,  all  settling  in  the 
Massachusetts  colony.  Edward  Thompson  came  in  the  "May- 
flower" in  1620. 

The  Thompsons  were  substantial  people  in  England,  of  good 
social  standing,  and  after  arriving  in  America  took  a  leading  part 
in  the  affairs  of  the  colony.  James  Thompson's  coat-of-arms  has 
come  down  through  many  generations  and  is  identical  with  that  of 
Sir  William  Thompson,  a  London  knight,  and  who  was  an  owner  of 
property  in  the  vicinity  of  Boston  and  supposed  to  be  of  the  same 
family.1 

Benjamin  Thompson  of  Woburn,  Massachusetts,  known  as  Count 
Rumford,  was  also  a  descendant  from  James  Thompson.2 

Mr.  Guernsey  attended  the  public  schools  of  his  native  town 
and  Foxcroft  Academy.  In  the  fall  of  1885,  he  entered  the 
Eucksport  (East  Maine  Conference)  Seminary.  The  following 
year  he  became  a  student  in  the  Wesleyan  Seminary  at  Kent's 
Hill,  Maine,  and  remained  until  June,  1887.  In  1884-  he  was 
graduated  from  the  Eastman  Business  College  at  Poughkeepsie, 
New  York.  He  began  active  life  May  12,  1884,  when  he  entered 
the  hardware  store  of  Sawyer  and  Gifford,  at  Dover,  as  a 
clerk  and  remained  there  until  August  15,  1885.  After  leav- 
ing the  Kent's  Hill  Seminary,  in  1887,  he  began  to  study  law 
in  the  office  of  Honorable  Willis  E.  Parsons,  of  Foxcroft,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  September,  1890.  Since  then  he  has 
practiced  law  at  Dover.  In  politics  he  is  a  Republican.  In  Septem- 
ber, 1890,  he  was  elected  treasurer  of  Piscataquis  county,  was  re- 
elected twice,  serving  in  this  office  until  December  31,  1896.  In  1891 
he  was  elected  town  agent  of  Dover  and  was  re-elected  each  year 
for  eighteen  years,  serving  until  1908.  He  represented  the  towns 
of  Dover,  Sangerville  and  Parkman  two  terms  in  the  state  Legisla- 
ture, (1897-99)  and  was  state  senator  in  1903.    He  is  a  member  of 


C)     Little's   Genealogy  of   Maine,   Vol.  2,   p.  719. 

C)     The    Hubbard,    Thompson    Memorial,     (Stewart,    1914). 


FIRST  AND  PRESENT  CONGRESSMAN  137 

the  Sons  of  the  American  Revolution,  of  the  Military  Order  of  the 
Loyal  Legion,  and  the  Maine  Historical  Society  and  the  Piscataquis 
Historical  Society,  of  the  Piscataquis  Club  of  Dover  and  Foxcroft, 
of  the  Tarratine  and  Madocawando  Clubs  of  Bangor,  and  Portland 
Club  of  Portland,  Maine.  He  attends  the  Methodist  Church.  He 
is  president  of  the  Piscataquis  Savings  Bank,  elected  in  1905  and 
was  previously  a  trustee,  also  a  trustee  of  the  Kineo  Trust  Company 
of  Dover. 

He  married,  June  16,  1887.  at  Vinal  Haven,  Maine,  Josephine 
Frances  Lyford.  She  attended  the  Vinal  Haven  schools,  the  Bucks- 
port  Seminary  and  the  Maine  Wesleyan  Seminary  at  Kent's  Hill, 
from  which  she  was  graduated  in  1887.  She  is  a  member  of  the 
Daughters  of  the  American  Revolution.  The  only  child  of  Frank 
Edward  and  Josephine  Frances  (Lyford)  Guernsey  is  Thompson 
L.  Guernsey,  born  at  Dover,  February  17,   1904. 

During  his  service  in  the  Maine  House  in  1897,  he  introduced  the 
first  bill  in  favor  of  the  establishment  of  traveling  libraries,  which 
sought  to  make  available  books  in  the  State  library  to  people  in  the 
rural  communities.  This  measure  he  re-introduced  in  1899  when  it 
finally  became  a  law,  and  in  its  operation  the  traveling  library  has 
become  so  useful  that  the  number  of  volumes  made  available  through 
it  at  the  present  time  reach  up  to  many  thousands  annually. 

In  1903  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Maine  Senate  and  served 
01:  the  Judician-  committee  and  as  a  member  of  that  committee 
advocated  and  voted  for  a  resolution  favoring  the  election  of  United 
Slates  Senators  by  the  people. 

As  a  member  of  the  Maine  Legislature  he  voted  for  Woman  Suf- 
frage. 

Was  chosen  delegate  to  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
Chicago  in  1908. 

In  September,  1908,  he  was  elected  to  the  sixtieth  congress  to  fill 
a  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  ex-Governor  Llewellyn  Powers. 
He  was  re-elected  and  served  in  the  sixty-first,  sixty-second,  sixty- 
third,  and  sixty-fourth  congresses. 

Since  entering  congress  has  served  on  the  important  committees 
on  Territories  and  Banking  and  Currency.  As  a  member  of  the 
committee  on  Territories  he  took  part  in  drafting  the  Statehood  bills 
admitting  the  states  of  Arizona  and  New  Mexico  to  the  Union,  and 
helped  to  prepare  and  pass  the  legislation  authorizing  the  expendi- 
ture of  thirty-five  millions  of  dollars  to  construct  government  rail- 


138      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF  MAINE   HISTORY 


roads  in  Alaska  for  the  development  of  that  great  national  domain 
long  neglected,  and  as  ranking  member  of  the  minority  on  the  com- 
mittee was  appointed  by  the  Speaker  of  the  National  House  of 
Representatives  one  of  the  conferees  to  adjust  the  differences  be- 
tween the  House  and  Senate  on  the  legislation. 

Was  appointed  by  the  National  House  of  Representatives  one  of 
a  special  committee  to  investigate  the  so  called  money  trust.  The 
committee  held  its  sessions  in  Washington  and  New  York  for  a 
period  of  more  than  nine  months ;  its  report  and  recommendations 
had  an  important  bearing  on  subsequent  banking  laws.  As  a  member 
of  the  committee  on  Banking  and  Currency  took  an  active  part  in 
the  preparation  of  the  Federal  Reserve  Act,  the  most  important 
banking  legislation  enacted  by  congress  in  fifty  years. 

In  1914  served  on  a  committee  appointed  by  the  Republican 
National  Congressional  Committee  to  prepare  a  plan  to  reduce 
southern  representation  in  Republican  National  Conventions,  the 
report  of  the  committee  was  presented  to  the  Republican  National 
Committee  and  adopted  in  substance  by  that  committee. 

He  is  recognized  as  one  of  the  leading  and  most  influential  of 
the  New  England  Congressmen. 


Brunswick,  says  the  Brunswick  Record,  has  a  splendid,  wide 
main  street.  It  gives  the  town  an  air  of  distinction  and  in  many 
places  Maine  street,  as  it  is  called,  is  very  beautiful.  It  seems  that 
when  the  main  highway  of  the  town  was  laid  out,  a  roadway  twelve 
rods  wide  was  built  to  "the  sea."  That  is,  to  a  point  where  mer- 
chandise could  be  hauled  from  ships.  At  that  time  it  seemed  that 
the  principal  shipping  would  be  by  vessels  and  a  broad  highway  was 
important.  In  the  fifty  years  ago  items  of  this  week  it  is  found 
that  train  service  was  not  very  extensive  and  the  present  day  meth- 
ods of  transportation  and  promptness  in  shipping  goods  would  sur- 
prise one  of  the  early  settlers  of  Maine  as  much  as  any  other  of  the 
modern  ways  of  doing  things. 


A    MAINE    MILITIA    DOCUMENT  139 


A  Maine  Militia  Document 

The  following  has  been  received  by  the  Journal  from  Mr.  William 
C.  Woodbury  of  Dover,  Maine,  who  found  it  among  the  papers  of 
his  father,  the  late  Major  Charles  H.  B.  Woodbury. 

STATE  OF  MAINE. 

In    Council,    Dec.    23,    1843. 
The    Standing    Committee    on     Military    affairs    to    which    was    referred 
the  petition   of   John   B.   Bates  and  others   of   the   town   of   Dover   and   its 
vicinity,  praying  to   be   organized  into   a   Company   of   Light   Infantry,   have 
had    the    same    under    Consideration,    and    Report : 

That  the  petition  appears  to  contain  the  requisite  number  of  names 
required  by  the  order  in  Council  of  the  19th  of  June  last,  for  the  forma- 
tion of  such  Companies ;  that  it  has  the  approbation  of  the  proper  Bri- 
gade and  Division  officers;  and  from  representations  made  of  the  spiiit 
of  the  petitioners  it  is  believed  that  the  formation  of  such  a  company 
would  be  of  general  interest  to  the  Militia  in  that  part  of  the  State. 
The  Committee  therefore  recommend  that  the  prayers  of  the  petitioners 
be  granted  and  the  Company  when  organized  be  under  the  direction  of 
the  Major  General  of  the  Ninth  Division,  attached  to  such  regiment 
of  said  Division  for  duty  as  may  be  deemed  most  convenient  to  the 
petitioners.  And  the  Committee  advise  that  the  Governor  and  Commander- 
in-'Chief  cause  an  order  to  issue  whereby  these  recommendations  and 
the    object    of    the    petition    be    carried    into    effect. 

Which   is   respectfully    submitted, 

BARNABAS    PALMER,    Chairman. 
In   Council,    Dec.  23,   1843. 
Read    and    accepted    by    the    Council    and    subsequently    approved    by    the 
Governor. 

Attest:  P.    C.    JOHNSON,    Secretary    of    State. 

A   true   copy. 

Attest:  P.    C.    JOHNSON,    Secy,    of    State. 

A   true  copy  of  the  original. 

Attest:  ALFRED  REDINGTON,  Adjutant  General. 

STATE  OF  MAINE. 

Head   Quarters,   Augusta,    Dec.   30,    1843. 
General    Order   No.   41. 

The  Major  General  of  the  ninth  Division  is  charged  with  the  execu- 
tion   of    the    foregoing   order    of    Council. 

By   the   Commander-in-Chief. 

ALFRED    REDINGTON, 

Adjutant   General. 
A  true  copy. 

Attest:  E.    PAULK,    A.    D.    C. 


140      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF  MAINE   HISTORY 


STATE  OF  MAINE. 

Head   Quarters   Ninth   Division. 

Bangor,   Jany.   8,    1844. 
Division    Order. 

Brigadier  General  Charles  W.  Piper  of  the  first  Brigade,  will  cause 
the  annexed  order  of  Council  of  the  23d  instant  and  General  order  No. 
41  to  he  carried  into  immediate  effect  by  having  the  petitioners  organized 
into  a  Company  of  Light  Infantry  and  attached  to  the  second  Regiment 
of    his    Brigade. 

By   the   Major    General, 

E.   PAULK,   A.   D.   C.   &  O.   F. 
A  true  copy. 

Attest:  T.  P.  BATCHELDER,  A.  D.  C    1   Brigade. 

STATE  OF  MAINE. 

Head  Quarters,   First  Brigade,   Ninth   Division. 
Levant,  Feby.   1,   1844 
Brigade  Order. 

Colonel     Alexander     M.     Robinson     of     the     Second     Regiment     in     this 
Brigade   is   charged   with    the   execution   of   the   annexed   order   of    Council 
dated  Dec.  23d,  General  Order  No.  41,  and  Division  order  of  the  8th  ult. 
By       CHARLES  W.   PIPER,  Brigadier   General. 
T.    P.    BATCHELDER,   Aide-de-Camp. 


Among  the  papers  of  Reverend  Alfred  Johnson  of  Belfast,  Maine, 
(1809-12)  appears  the  following: 
To  the  Inhabitants  of  the  Congregational  Society  of  Belfast: 

I,  Alfred  Johnson  of  sd.  Belfast,  Clerk,  do  by  these  presents 
release  and  forever,  for  myself,  my  heirs  and  assignees,  quit  claim 
to  you  whatever  of  my  salary  may  become  due  for  services  done  as 
your  minister  from  this  date  and  during  the  continuance  of  the  pres- 
ent war  between  this  country  and  Great  Britain.  Given  under  my 
hand  and  seal  this  tenth  day  of  August,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord,  one 
thousand  eight  hundred  and  twelve. 

Alfred  Johnson. 

In  presence  of  Alfred  Johnson,  Jr. 


KENNEBEC  HISTORICAL  ITEMS  141 


Kennebec  Historical  Items 

Contributed  by  Reverend  Henry  O.  Thayer,  of  New  York. 

In  1719  Joseph  Heath  made  a  general  or  outline  survey  of  the 
Kennebec  river  in  behalf  of  the  Pejepscot  Company.  He  was 
acquainted  with  the  principal  Indians  and  visited  or  was  perhaps 
entertained  at  their  fort  at  Norridgewock. 

His  plan  of  that  survey,  now  among  papers  possessed  by  the  Maine 
Historical  Society,  is  inscribed: 

Brunswick,  May  16.  1719,  the  date  when  the  draft  was  completed. 
The  fieldwork  had  been  done  in  the  previous  month,  or  in  part  in  the 
previous  year. 

On  the  margin  of  the  plan  he  wrote: 

"Description  of  the  Indian  Fort  at  Norridgewock." 

Norridgewock  Fort  is  built  with  round  logs  9  feet  long,  one  end  set 
into  the  ground,  is  160  foot  square  with  four  Gates  bu:  no  bastions. 
Within  it  are  26  Houses  built  much  after  the  English  manner ;  the  streets 
are  regular ;  the  Fort  has  a  gate  to  the  East,  is  30  foot  wide.  Their 
church  stands  4  perches  without  the  East  gate,  and  the  men  able  to  bear 
armes    are    about    threescore. 

The  water  of  the  great  river  and  the  lesser  rivers  and  Merry- 
meeting  bay  are  plotted. 

The  distance  from  Sagadahoc,  which  as  the  "river  runs"  is  in 
miles. 

To  the  Hon.  Spencer  Phips  Esqr.  Lieut.  Gov.  .and  Commander  in  Chief 
for  the  time  being,  the  Hon.  His  Majesty's  Council  &  House  of  Representa- 
tives in  General  Court,  Dec.  4,  1751. 

The    Memorial    of    Samuel    Whitney    of    Brunswick,    Humbly    Sheweth : 

That  your  Memorialist  and  his  son  Samuel  with  five  more  of  Inhabitants 
while  at  work  together  mowing  their  hay,  on  Wednesday  ye  24th  day  of ' 
July  last  about  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  were  surrounded  and  sur- 
prised by  Nineteen  Indians  and  one  Frenchman,  who  were  all  armed 
and  in  an  hostile  manner  did  seize  upon  and  by  force  of  arms  obliged 
them  to  submit  their  lives  into  their  hands,  and  one  of  our  said  num- 
ber, vizt :  Isaac  Hinkley  in  attempting  to  make  his  escape  was  killed  in  a 
barbarous  manner  &  scalped.  After  we  were  secured  by  said  Indians  they 
destroyed  and  wounded  between  20  &  30  head  of  cattle  belonging  to 
the    Inhabitants,    some   of   which   were   the   property    of   your    Memorialist. 

The  said  party  of  Indians  were  nine  of  them  of  Norride-walk  Tribe, 
one  of  whom  was  well  known ;  the  others  were  Canada  Indians ;  That 
the  Norridgewalk  Indians  appeared  more  forward  for  killing  all  the 
Captives  but  were  prevented  by  the  other  Indians.  Your  Memorialist 
was  by  them  carried  to  Canada  &  there  sold  for  126  livres ;  And  the 
said  Indians  when  they  came  to   Canada  were  new  cloathed  and   had  new 


i42      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


Guns  given  them  with  plenty  of  Provisions  as  an  encouragement  for  this 
exploit :  That  the  Governor  of  the  Penobscot  Tribe  was  present  when 
your  Memorialist  was  sent  for  to  sing  a  Chorus  as  is  their  custom  of 
using  their  Captives  &  manifested  equal  joy  with  the  other  Indians 
that  took  them;  And  the  Norridgewalk  Tribe  had  removed  from  Nor- 
ridgewalk  &  were  now  set  down  on  Cansa  River  near  Quebec  supposed 
to  be  drawn  there  by  the  Influence  of  the  French.  These  things  your 
Memoralist  cannot  omit  observing  to  ye  Honours,  and  his  Redemption  was 
purchased  by  one  Mr.  Peter  Littlefield,  formerly  taken  captive  and  now 
restored  among  them,  to  whom  your  Memorialist  stands  indebted  for  said 
126  livres  being  the  price  of  his  Liberty,  which  when  he  had  so  far  ob- 
tained, he  applied  to  ye  Governor  of  Canada  for  a  Pass,  who  readily 
granted  it,  that  his  return  to  Boston  was  by  way  of  Louisbourgh  where 
said  Pass  was  taken  from  him  by  the  Lord  Intendants  on  some  pretense 
which    he    could    not    obtain    of    him. 

Your  Memorialist's  Son  yet  remaining  in  Captivity  among  the  Indians 
with  three  more  that  were  taken  at  the  same  time,  and  he  has  a  wife 
&  Children  under  difficult  Circumstances  by  reason  of  this  Misfortune. 
Your  Memorialist  having  thus  represented  his  unhappy  Sufferings  to 
this  Hon.  Court  hoping  they  will  in  their  great  Goodness  provide  for 
the  Redemption  of  his  son  &  enable  him  to  answer  his  obligation  to  said 
Mr.  Littlefield  humbly  recommends  his  case  to  the  Compassion  of  this 
Honble  Court  who  was  so  kind  to  pay  for  his  Ransom;  Your  Memorialist 
being  in  no  Capacity  to  answer  that  Charge  as  thereby  he  is  reduced  to 
great  want,  or  otherwise  grant  him  that  Relief  as  in  their  Wisdom  and 
Goodness   shall   seem  proper. 

Your  Memorialist  as  in  duty  bound  shall  ever  pray. 

SAMUEL  WHITNEY. 
1751.         Captives    taken. 

Saml.   Whitney  Edmd.    Hinkley 

Hez    Purrington  Gideon    Hinkley 

Saml.  Lombard 
Saml.   Whitney,    Jun. 


Hez   Purrington  Isaac    Hinkley 

Saml.   Whitney  Killed   July    24,    1751. 

Saml.   Whitney,   Jun. 
Returned. 


Henry  Sewall  Webster  in  "Land  Titles  in  Old  Pittston"  says  that : 
"  'Old   Pittston,'  comprised   the  territory  now  lying  in   Pittston, 
Randolph,  Gardiner,  most  of  West  Gardiner,  and  part  of  Farming- 
dale." 


HONORABLE   ELIAS    DUDLEY  143 

Honorable  Elias  Dudley  and  Some 
of  His  Political  Correspondence 

With  Notes  by  the  Editor. 

(Continued  from  Page  105.) 

The  Honorable  Lucilius  A.  Emery,  of  Ellsworth,  Chief  Justice 
Emeritus  of  the  S.  J.  Court  of  Maine,  recently  furnished  the  Journal 
with  old  letters  to  and  papers  of  Honorable  Elias  Dudley  who  was 
prominent  in  the  political  affairs  of  the  Whig  party  in  Maine,  when 
Edward  Kent  was  Governor  of  the  State  and  its  political  leader,  and 
who  was  later  a  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Judicial  Court  of  Maine. 

Augusta,   Jan.   21.    1841. 
Hon.  Elias  Dudley, 
Dear  Sir: 

It  not  being  in  my  power  to  call  upon  you,  as  I  intended.  I  take  this 
opportunity  to  address  you  a  line. 

Allow  me,  Sir,  to  congratulate  you  upon  your  election  to  the  high  &; 
responsible  office  of  Councellor  of  our  good  State  of  Maine  &  to  express 
to  you  my  sincere  gratification  at  the  result,  &  to  say,  that,  in  my  opinion 
your   election   will   give   universal    satisfaction. 

I  feel  a  deep  interest  in  the  success  and  popularity  of  our  state  admin- 
istration, at  the  same  time  I  would  respectfully  suggest,  that  very  much 
is    depending  upon   the  appointments   to   be  made  by  the   Gov.    &  Council. 

Not  desiring  office  myself,  I  feel  more  at  liberty  to  suggest  a  word 
upon  the  subject. 

For  Clerk  of  the  Courts  for  Penobscot  I  think  the  appointment  of 
Geo.  B.  Moody  of  Bangor  would  be  satisfactory.  It  will  never  do  to 
appoint  John  A.  Poor,  not  that  I  am  personally  opposed  to  him,  but  he  is 
very  unpopular  &  many  would  take  offence  at  it. 

For  County  Att'y,  I  would  respectfully  urge  the  appointment  of  Geo. 
W.  Ingersoll,  Esq.  of  Bangor.  I  have  made  diligent  inquiry  &  am  satisfied 
that  his  appointment  would  be  judicious  &  popular.  I  know  him  to  be 
well  qualified  to  perform  the  duties  &  he  is  high  minded  &  honorable. 
Bro.   A.   Sanborn   of  Levant  declines  the  appointment  absolutely. 

Bro.    Ingersoll,   in   my  humble   opinion,    should    be   appointed. 

I  think  you  will  find  that  Col.  Wm.  Ramsdell,  Maj.  Burr  &  Mr.  Hitch- 
born,   if  you  will  converse  with  them  will  concur  in  my  opinion. 

I  am,  also,  particularly  desirous  to  have  Jeremiah  Colburn  of  Orono 
appointed  one  of  the  County  Commissioners.  Col.  Ramsdell  will  tell  you 
all  about  him,  if  you  are  not  personally  acquainted  with  him.  No  ap- 
pointment, in  every  point  of  view,  could  be  more  satisfactory  to  the  Peo- 
ple of  Penobscot  &  no  reasonable  man  of  either  Political  Party  could 
find    fault   with    his    appointment. 


144      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF  MAINE   HISTORY 


I  would  also  suggest  the  appointment  of  Saml.  Pratt  of  Oldtown  as 
Indian  Agent.  He  is,  at  present,  one  of  the  Selectmen  of  Oldtown  & 
is  a  suitable  &  good  man.  I  regret,  exceedingly,  that,  I  cannot  see  you  in 
person,  but,  I  have  no  time  to  spare,  as  I  am  on  my  way  to  Connecticut 
River. 

With   high    Regard,   I    am,   Dear   Sir,  yours,   &c. 

NATHL.  WILSON. 

Abram  Sanborn  for  many  years  a  prominent  and  able  lawyer  of 
Bangor.  When  the  Whig  party  dissolved  he  joined  the  Democratic 
party  and  affiliated  with  it  until  his  death.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Legislature  two  or  more  terms  and  was  appointed  one  of  the  Com- 
mittee to  investigate  the  "Paper  Credits"  charges  soon  after  the  close 
of  the  Civil  War. 

Bangor,    Jan.   21,    1841. 
Dear   Sir : 

There  is  much  said  among  us  in  regard  to  the  appointment  of  a  Clerk 
of  the  Courts.  It  is  pretty  generally  agreed  that  there  must  be  an  ap- 
pointment, but  who  is  the  man  that  will  be  most  acceptable  to  the  people 
generally  is  the  inquiry?  Many  have  been  mentioned,  but  I  do  not 
know  of  one  that  will  give  more  general  satisfaction  in  that  office  than 
George  A.  Thatcher.  I  have  been  long  acquainted  with  him  and  have 
reason  to  know  that  he  is  both  'honest  and  capable'.  We  want  a  correct 
man  for  clerk.  It  is  not  necessary  that  he  should  be  a  lawyer  if  he  is 
capable.  Isaac  Hodsdon  gave  as  good  satisfaction  in  that  office  as  any 
clerk  we  have  had,  and  every  one  knows  the  pride  he  takes  in  being 
called  a  blacksmith.  Mr.  Thatcher  has  had  advantages — he  is  a  correct 
business  man  &  possesses  the  right  kind  of  talents  for  a  Clerk.  And  if 
misfortune  &  necessity  can  be  offered  as  one  reason  why  he  should  have 
the  office,  he  can  urge  them  with  as  much  propriety  as  any  one.  I 
trust  that  Mr.  Kent  will  see  fit  to  nominate  him  for  I  think  it  will  be 
a  popular  appointment. 

I   am,    very   Respectfully, 
HON.  ELI  AS  DUDLEY,  Your  friend  &  Servant, 

Augusta,   Me.  JOHN   E.   GODFREY. 

We    heartily    concur    in    the    opinions    expressed    within. 

CHARLES  GODFREY, 
C.  A.  STACKPOLE. 

John  E.  Godfrey,  lawyer  of  Bangor  and  Judge  of  Probate,  1856- 
1880.  He  was  a  man  of  superior  ability  in  many  directions.  He 
was  also  deeply  interested  in  Maine  history  and  some  of  his  papers 
appear  in  the  Collections  of  the  Maine  Historical  Society.  His 
"Annals  of  Bangor"  and  other  writings  on  Penobscot  county  pub- 
lished in  the  history  of  that  county  (Williams,  Chase  &  Co.,  Cleve- 
land, 1882)  are  of  great  value  in  historical  research  in  Eastern, 
Maine. 


HONORABLE   ELIAS   DUDLEY  145 


Bangor,  Jany.  21,  1841. 
Hon.  Elias  Dudley. 
Dr.  Sr. 
I  take  the  liberty  to  address  you  relative  to  the  appointment  of  Reg- 
ister of  Probate  for  this  County.  The  present  incumbent  will  doubtless 
be  removed,  and  I  learn  that  ihere  are  already  a  number  of  applicants 
for  the  station,  and  that  some  of  the  most  influential  men  in  the  south 
western  part  of  the  Co.  have  proposed  &  recommended  (or  are  about 
so  to  do),  my  brother,  Geo.  P.  Brown  of  Newburgh,  as  a  fit  person  to 
fill  the  place.  I  feel  some  solicitude  concerning  the  matter  and  am,  in 
some  way,  at  a  loss  to  know  what  is  the  best  course  to  take  respecting 
the  subject.  That  my  brother  is  qualified  for  the  office  there  is  no 
doubt,  and  could  we  know  that  in  addition  to  the  recommendations  of 
influential  individuals,  a  petition  or  petitions  could  ensure  his  appoint- 
ment we  would  forward,  in  the  course  of  next  week,  a  petition  signed, 
if  necessary,  by  all  of  our  "Whig"  friends  in  that  part  of  the  county.  If  the 
appointment  is  not  already  made,  and  in  your  opinion  such  petition  as  I've 
just  named  would  be  likely  to  ensure  his  appointment,  will  you  have  the 
kindness  to  advise  me  of  the  fact  as  soon  as  you  can  conveniently.  Please 
let  me  know  how  matters  stand  relative  to  this  appointment,  whether  my  bro. 
may  be  a  successful  applicant  or  not. 

Apologizing   for  the   liberty  I  have  taken   in  addressing  you.  and   relying 
upon  your  kindness  in  this  matter,  I  have  the  honor  to  subscribe  myself. 

Very  respectfully, 

Your  Obdt. 
Svt. 
CHARLES  P.  BROWN,  of  Dixmont. 
P.  S.     Shall  be  in  Bangor  during  next  week. 

Charles  P.  Brown  was  a  lawyer  and  later  became  a  resident  of 
Bangor  and  was  for  many  years  a  leading  practitioner  in  that  city. 

Dexter,  Jan}'.  24,  1841. 
Hon.  Elias  Dudley, 
Dr.  Sir: 
I  trust  you  will  pardon  me  for  addressing  you  upon  the  subject  of  the  ap- 
pointments which  are  to  be  made  by  the  Gov.  &  Council.  I  do  not  wish  to 
make  any  suggestions  in  relation  to  the  individuals  who  are  filling  the  various 
offices,  for  upon  this  point  I  care  nothing  if  so  be  we  get  good  and  faithful 
officers  &  such  as  are  acceptable  to  the  community.  The  point  upon  which  I 
wish  to  make  a  remark  or  two  is  that  by  the  policy  of  removing  those  county 
officers,  the  election  of  which  it  is  our  contemplation  to  give  to  the  people 
my  opinion  is  that,  that  measure  will  pass  the  Legislature.  It  certainly  will 
if  the  wishes  of  the  people  are  carried  out.  If  it  should  be  I  cannot  belieyq 
it  would  be  good  policy  to  remove  the  present  incumbents  from  office 
before  our  election  takes  place.  Suppose  for  instance  the  county  aty  tor 
Penobscot  (who  is  perhaps  as  obnoxious  as  any  one  I  could  name)  was 
to  come  before  the  people  for  an  election,  he  could  not  possibly  be  elected, 
but  were  he  to  be  removed,  the  danger   I  think  would  be  that  a  sympathy 


i46      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL   OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


would  be  created  for  him  which  might  result  in  his  election.  Again  if  the 
election  is  not  given  to  the  people,  I  believe  I  speak  the  opinion  of  this 
whole  community,  when  I  say  that  a  clean  sweep  of  all  the  officers  will  not 
give  satisfaction.  I  believe  that  a  better  time  never  did  exist  for  breaking 
down  those  strong  party  feelings  which  exist  than  the  present,  &  I  do  not 
believe  that  this  is  to  be  done  by  that  prescriptive  policy  which  we  have 
complained  so  much  of  in  our  opponents.  One  idea  more,  Mr.  Kent  says 
in  his  message,  is,  that  he  is  willing  to  give  up  the  appointing  power  so  far 
as  the  constitution  will  allow.  I  have  already  heard  ths  remark  made  by 
some  of  our  own  friends  that  "the.  appointment  of  Reg.  Probate  &  Clk.  of 
Courts  for  Washington  does  look  as  if  he  was  determined  to  do  it  any  way. 
Now  I  have  no  doubt  some  good  reason  exists  for  those  appointments,  but 
were  a  full  sweep  to  be  made  I  could  not  say  as  much.  I  do  not  wish 
and  I  trust  I  shall  not  be  considered  as  interfering  or  endeavoring  to 
obtrude  my  opinions  upon  you  by  the  remarks  I  have  made.  I  have  spoken 
freely  what  I  believe  to  be  public  opinion  on  this  subject,  &  have  no  objec- 
tion to  your  communicating  the  same  to  any  one  you  may  see  fit. 

I  shall  be  at  Augusta  as  soon  as  possible  again  when  I  hope  for  a  better 
acquaintance  with  you  and  an  opportunity  to  converse  more  fully  upon 
these  matters. 

Very  Respectfully  yours, 

LYSANDER  CUTLER. 

Lysander  Cutler  moved  to  Dexter,  Maine,  from  Massachusetts 
in  1828,  and  was  one  of  the  energetic  business  men  who  helped  to 
found  that  thrifty  and  prosperous  town.  He  was  for  several  years 
a  partner  in  the  firm  of  Amos  Abbott  &  Co.,  Woolen  Manufacturers, 
and  continued  with  them  until  1835,  when  he  formed  a  partnership 
with  Jonathan  Farrar  and  erected  a  woolen  mill.  He  was  a  promi- 
nent citizen  of  Dexter  during  all  the  time  that  he  resided  there. 
In  1835  Mr.  Cutler  organized  the  Dexter  Rifle  Company,  a  military- 
corps  quite  celebrated  in  its  time ;  was  chosen  its  first  captain  and 
two  years  later  was  elected  Colonel  of  the  Ninth  Regiment  of  Maine 
Militia.  At  the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion  he  went  to  the  front  as 
Colonel  of  the  Sixth  Wisconsin  Regiment.  During  the  war  he  was 
twice  severely  wounded  and  had  no  less  than  seven  horses  shot  under 
him.  He  rose  to  the  rank  of  Brigadier  General  and  died  in  Milwau- 
kee in  July,  1866. 

Bangor,  Jany.   27th,   1841. 
Mr.  Dudley, 

Dr.  Sir: 

Permit  me  to  introduce   to  you   the  bearer  Mr.  G.   K.  Jewitt  of  this  city. 

Mr.   Jewitt  thinks  of  making  application    for  the   Agency  of   the   Penobscot 

Indians.     Should  other  applicants  not  meet  the   approbation   of  the  Gov.   & 

Council,  I  would  take  the  liberty  to  say  in  behalf  of  Mr.  Jewitt,  that  he  is  a 


HONORABLE   ELIAS   DUDLEY  147 


respectable  Merchant  of  this  city  whose  income  is  small,  and  that  I  have  no 
doubt  he  would  faithfully  discharge  the  duty  of  Agent. 

Yours  very  respty. 

GEO.  W.  PICKNEY. 

Bangor,  Jan'y.  16,   1841. 
Elias  Dudley,  Esq. 
Dear  Sir: 
I  write  at  this  time  in  behalf  of  a  friend  of  mine  a  Mr.  Joseph  Chapman. 
I   have  signed   a  petition   to  the   Governor  &   Council   that   he  be   appointed 
Register  of  Probate.     I  do  not  know  that  Mr.  Palmer  will  be  removed,  but 
the  expectation  here  is  that  he  will  be.    If  this  should  be  the  case  I  take  the 
liberty  to   name   for   your  consideration   the   above  named   Chapman.     Mr. 
Chapman  has  resided  here  several  years  and  I  believe  his  character  is  with- 
out spot.     I  do  not  know  that  he  has  an  enemy.     He  is  always  spoken  well 
of  by  all.     He  has  been  employed  for  several  years  as  an  accountant,  is  a 
good  penman.     I  think  his  appointment  to  that  office  would  be  highly  satis- 
factory to  the  best  kind  of  our  people. 
I  am  with  great  respect, 

Yours  &c,  . 

JOHN  GODFREY. 

John  Godfrey  was  born  in  Taunton,  Massachusetts,  May  27,  1781, 
and  was  a  direct  descendant  of  Richard  Godfrey,  born  in  England  in 
1651. 

He  was  a  graduate  of  Brown  University  at  Providence  and  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  Massachusetts,  and  afterwards 
settled  in  Hamden,  Maine,  as  a  lawyer  in  (1805-06)  at  what  was 
known  as  the  "Upper  Corner."  He  was  a  resident  of  Hampden  at 
the  time  it  was  captured  by  the  British  in  the  war  of  1812  and  with 
others  was  taken  prisoner  and  detained  one  night  in  the  cabin  of  a 
British  war  vessel.  The  History  of  Penobscot  county  (1882)  says: 
"His  house  was  used  as  a  hospital,  his  library  was  taken  by  the 
British  soldiers  and  put  in  to  a  martin-house  and  with  it  converted 
into  a  bonfire  and  his  horse  was  appropriated  by  American  thieves, 
in  1 82 1.  He  became  a  citizen  of  Bangor  and  entered  in  to  a  law 
partnership  with  Samuel  E.  Dutton.  He  was  appointed  Chief  Jus- 
tice of  the  Court  of  Sessions  in  1823  and  his  associates  were  Ephriam 
Goodale  of  Orrington  and  Seba  French  of  Dexter.  He  was  the 
second  County  Attorney  of  the  new  county  of  Penobscot,  serving 
from  1825  to  1833. 

He  died  May  28,  1862." 

(To  be  continued) 


148      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF  MAINE   HISTORY 


Hero  of  Westcustogo 

By  H.  Augustus  Merrill. 
(1898) 

The  first  blood  shed  in  the  Province  of  Maine  in  King  William's 
war  was  on  the  pleasant  banks  of  Royal  river,  in  what  is  now  the 
town  of  Yarmouth.  It  was  then,  however,  called  North  Yarmouth 
or  Westcustogo.  Not  far  from  the  scene  of  the  tragedy  are  the 
ruins  of  an  old  garrison  house  built  some  forty  years  afterwards  but 
now  tottering  to  its  fall. 

Close  at  hand  was  a  broad  and  sheltered  bay,  called  in  the  Indian 
tongue  by  the  name  of  Casco,  signifying  "a  haven  of  rest."  This 
bay  was  thickly  studded  with  islands.  The  river,  though  small,  was 
valuable  for  its  water  power,  there  being  two  falls  within  a  short  dis- 
tance of  each  other.  Fish  and  game  were  abundant,  large  forests 
of  timber  were  favorably  situated  for  exploration,  and  these  circum- 
stances early  attracted  white  settlers  to  Westcustogo. 

Accordingly,  as  early  as  1680,  we  find  a  town  incorporated  here, 
under  the  name  of  North  Yarmouth.  This  town  was  the  eighth  in 
the  state  in  order  of  the  time  of  settlement.  Nearly  forty  families 
had  already  located  about  the  rivers  and  along  the  sea  shore,  from 
the  northeast  bounds  of  Falmouth  to  the  southwest  limits  of  Bruns- 
wick. 

The  Indians  were  not  ignorant  of  these  advances  of  civilization, 
and  they  regarded  the  plantations  at  North  Yarmouth  as  a  direct 
encroachment  and  violation  of  treaties.  The  excellent  physical 
advantages  mentioned  above,  their  burial  place  on  Lane's  Island, 
near  at  hand,  and  the  strategic  importance  of  the  place  in  regard  to 
the  other  towns,  led  them  to  resist  its  occupation  by  the  whites,  with 
a  hostility  more  unconquerable,  far  reaching  and  deadly,  than  they 
exhibited  towards  most  other  settlements  in  the  state.  Throughout 
the  entire  war,  Falmouth  alone  was  a  greater  sufferer. 

The  man  who,  at  this  time,  had  done  the  most  to  forward  the 
interests  of  this  little  settlement  was  the  enterprising  and  valiant,  but 
eccentric  and  at  times  quarrelsome,  Captain  Walter  Gendall.  In 
September,  1688,  he  gallantly  gave  his  life  in  the  service  of  his 
friends,  being  cut  down  at  Callen  Point  by  the  shot  of  a  savage, 
while  carrying  ammunition  to  besieged  settlers.  At  the  time  of  his 
death  the  Captain  had  rebuilt  a  saw  mill  at  the  lower  Falls,  which 


HERO  OF  WESTCUSTOGO  149 

was  proving  one  of  the  most  lucrative  in  the  state.  He  had  a  dwell- 
ing house  on  the  east  side  of  the  river,  near  his  mill,  and  one  of  rude 
construction,  for  the  men,  on  the  opposite  shore. 

Previous  to  the  declaration  of  war  in  the  old  world,  hostilities  had 
broken  out  in  New  England,  and  the  French  of  Canada  were  already 
exciting  their  Indian  allies  against  the  English.  But  the  savage 
natives  of  Westcustogo  needed  no  French  influence  to  impel  them  to 
hostilities,  and  they  were  soon  threatening  the  beautiful  little  ham- 
let by  the  river. 

The  house  of  John  Royall,  one  of  the  early  settlers,  on  the  east 
side  of  the  river,  was  occupied  as  a  fortress  at  this  time.  In  early 
fall,  1688,  nearly  all  the  settlers  had  fled  to  its  sheltering  walls  for 
protection.  In  order  to  make  the  defence  against  the  enemy  still 
more  effectual,  the  authorities  had  ordered  Captain  Gendall  to  build 
a  stockade  at  a  point  on  the  west  side  of  the  river  directly  opposite. 

The  work  had  been  commenced.  Early  in  the  morning  of  the  day 
of  the  tragedy,  two  men,  one  of  them  Larrabee  by  name,  were  sent 
over  from  the  block  house  before  the  rest  of  the  workmen  to  make 
preparations  for  the  day's  work. 

The  red  men  were  before  them  lurking  in  ambush,  and  no  sooner 
had  the  men  from  Royall's  arrived  than  they  were  secured.  As 
no  outcry  had  been  made  the  other  laborers  were  ignorant  of  this 
seizure,  and  came  over  soon  after  to  their  work.  Carefully  conceal- 
ing their  prisoners,  the  Indians  came  forth  from  the  bushes  to  meet 
the  new  comers.  With  faces  smeared  with  paint  and  uttering  shrill 
yells,  they  advanced  upon  the  little  band  of  workmen.  Suddenly 
one  of  the  red  men  gave  young  Larrabee,  a  brother  to  the  man 
already  taken  prisoner,  a  violent  push.  The  intrepid  man  lifted  his 
gun  and  shot  his  assailant  dead. 

While  firing,  however,  he  was  seized  by  another  Indian,  but  was 
rescued  by  Benedict  Pulsifer,  who  struck  the  Indian  with  the  edge 
of  his  broad  axe.  The  skirmish  now  became  general.  The  Eng- 
lish, inferior  in  numbers,  having  withdrawn  to  a  place  of  less  ex- 
posure, a  rocky  bluff  under  the  bank  of  the  river,  defended  them- 
selves for  a  time  without  loss. 

Captain  Gendall,  meanwhile,  had  been  watching  the  progress  of 
the  affair  from  the  fortress.  He  soon  perceived  by  the  cessation 
of  the  white  men's  fire  that  their  ammunition  was  exhausted.  He 
also  heard  their  frantic  cries  and  signals  for  help.  Against  the 
protest  of  his  wife  and  friends  who  saw  the  peril  of  such  an  attempt, 
the  brave  man  prepared  to  assist  his  friends  on  the  other  side  of  the 


150      SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

river.  Taking  a  supply  of  ammunition  he  left  the  fortress.  Stand- 
ing erect  in  a  float,  with  a  servant  to  assist  him,  he  paddled  rapidly 
toward  the  western  shore.  He  deemed  his  former  friendly  relations 
with  the  natives  a  sufficient  safeguard  against  bodily  harm.  But  in 
this  he  was  mistaken.  Former  friendship  was  forgotten  in  this 
sudden  outbreak  .of  hostilities.  Before  the  float  was  entirely  across 
the  stream  the  valiant  captain  received  a  fatal  shot.  Throwing  the 
ammunition  to  the  men  in  distress,  he  fell  backwards  into  the  water, 
exclaiming  with  his  last  breath :  "I  have  lost  my  life  in  your  ser- 
vice !" 

Thus  perished  Captain  Walter  Gendall,  the  soldier  and  the  hero 
of  ancient  Westcustogo.  The  point  where  he  fell  was  afterwards 
called  Callen  (Calling)  Point  from  the  fact  of  the  men's  calling 
across  to  the  garrison  for  help.  It  is  also  called  Cuttinge  Pinte  in 
the  York  county  deeds. 

The  party  who  had  received  the  ammunition  defended  themselves 
until  night.  Under  cover  of  the  darkness  the  Indians  retired  to 
their  favorite  resort,  Lane's  Island,  and  put  to  death  with  horrible 
tortures  the  two  unhappy  men  who  had  fallen  into  their  hands  in  the 
morning. 

No  other  whites  lost  their  lives  in  the  skirmish.  Mr.  Harris,  one 
of  the  party,  whose  descendants  now  live  in  New  Gloucester,  was 
taken  and  led  by  two  Indians  holding  by  the  hair  of  the  head  to  the 
creek  below  Callen  Point.  But  when  one  of  the  Indians  let  go  his 
hold  to  fire  upon  the  whites,  he  wrenched  himself  free  from  the 
other  and  effected  his  escape,  a  gun  pointed  at  him  missing  fire. 
John  Royall  himself  was  also  taken  prisoner,  but  redeemed  by  Cas- 
tine. 

The  news  of  the  tragedy  soon  spread  through  the  little  hamlet 
and  the  panic  stricken  inhabitants  betook  themselves  to  Jewell's 
Island,  where  they  were  but  little  better  able  to  defend  themselves. 
Soon  after  they  were  taken  to  Boston  by  a  passing  vessel  and  were 
scattered  in  that  vicinity.  This  was  the  second  breaking  up  of  the 
settlement  in  North  Yarmouth,  and  no  further  attempt  to  re-people 
the  territory  was  made  until  1713.  And  it  was  not  until  twenty  years 
later  that  the  town  again  was  incorporated. 


BIDDEFORD    CEMETERY    INSCRIPTIONS  151 

Biddeford,  Maine,  Cemetery 
Inscriptions 

Copied  and  Contributed  by  James  I.  Wyer,  Jr.,  of  Albany,  New  York. 
(Continued  from  Page  120) 

Capt.  Edwin  Tarbox 

d.  Mar.  1,  1884  ae.  76  yrs.  7  mos.  4  ds. 


Abigail  W.  wife  of  Capt.  Edwin  Tarbox 

d.  Jan.  18,  1873 

ae.  64  yrs.  2  mos.  8  ds. 


Edwin  Tarbox  d.  Dec.  11,  1887 
ae.  52  yrs.  7  mos. 


Caroline  Wells 

Oct.  6,  1822 — Feb.  12,  1907 


The  following  seven  inscriptions  were  copied  from  stones  in  the 
Town  Burying  Ground  1719-1830,  Biddeford,  Me.,  about  one  mile 
from  the  mouth  of  the  Saco  river,  on  a  mound  formerly  called  Hen- 
derson's Hill.  In  the  New  England  Historical  and  Genealogical 
Register  for  1848  V.  2  p.  386  is  a  list  of  12  cemetery  inscriptions 
headed  Lower  Biddeford  Burying  Ground.  An  examination  of  this 
ground  in  19 14  shows  the  last  eight  stones  recorded  in  1848  still 
standing,  tho  a  careful  reading  of  them  shows  a  few  variations 
from  the  Register  list.  These  variations  are  noted  in  the  following 
list.  The  last  four  stones  recorded  in  the  Register,  if  they  ever  stood 
in  the  same  burying-ground  with  the  other  eight,  have  now  been 
removed  and  appear  among  the  stones  in  the  Jordan  family  noted 
above.  One  or  two  residents  living  near  the  Old  Town  Burying 
Ground  said  that  relic  hunters  had  taken  away  some  stones  in  recent 
years,  but  as  this  list  in  1914  reveals  neither  more  nor  fewer  stones 
than  in  1848  the  charge  of  vandalism  seems  groundless. 

Here  lies  the  body  of  Capt 
John  Davis     ae.  62  or  4  yrs. 
8  ds.     d.  May  9  or  ye  12 
1752  or  9 
(N.  E.  H.  &-G.  Reg.  says  64  yrs. — My  12,  1752) 


152      SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


Here  lies  the  body  of  Mr. 
Thomas  Gillpatrick  who  de- 
parted this  life  Oct.  24,  1762 
in  the  88th  yr.  of  his  age 

(N.  E.  H.  &  G.  Reg.  says  1726) 


In  memory  of  Mary  the 

loving  consort  of  Capt.  Philip 

Goldthwait  who  d.  Sept.  27,  1760 

ae.  24  yrs. 

(N.  E.  H.  &  G.  Reg.  2:386  reads  Phillip) 


Here  lies  the  body  of  Mrs.  Ann 
Hill  wife  of  Mr.  Benjamin  Hill 
d.  Feb.  29,  1759  in  ye  41st  yr 
of  her  age. 


Here  lies  ye  body  of  Mrs.  Mary 
Hill  wife  to  Ebenezer  Hill,  Jr. 
ae.  25  yrs.  deceased  Jan.  17, 

1733 
(N.  E.  H.  &  G.  Reg.  2:386  says  wife  to  Benjamin  Hill,  Jr.) 


Here  lies  the  body  of 
Mrs.  Mary  Hill  the  loving 
wife  of  Jeremiah  Hill  Esq. 
who  d.  Aug.  the  19th,  1767 
in  the  39th  yr.  of  her  age 
(N.  E.  H.  &  G.  Reg.  2:386  omits  Aug.) 


Mrs.  Rebekah  Thomson 


The   following  6  inscriptions   were   copied    from   stones   at   720   Pool   St.,. 
Biddeford  2  miles  from  Biddeford  Pool. 
John  Haley 
d.  Nov.  14,  1872  ae.  29  yrs.  5  mos. 


Mary  S.  wife  of  John  Haley 
d.  Dec.  12,  1901  ae.  58  yrs. 


Father 
Capt  William  F.  Johnson 
d.  Apr.  19,  1878  ae.  62  yrs.  5  mos. 


Mother 
Lois  W.  wife  of  Capt  William  F. 
Johnson  b.  June  6,  1816 
d.  Dec.  6,  1887 


BIDDEFORD    CEMETERY    INSCRIPTIONS  153 


Ruth  A.  dau.  of  Capt  Willam  F. 
&  Lois  Johnson  d.  Jan.  22,  1869 
ae.  20  yrs.  4  mos. 


Susie  E.  dau.  of  Capt  William 
F.  &  Lois  Johnson  d.  Feb.  7,  1876 
ae.  30  yrs. 


The  following  35  stones  are  in  the  Hilltop  Burying  ground  (at  the  west 
side  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Chapel  erected  in  August,  1914)  Biddeford 
Pool,  Me. 

John  H.  Amber 
Sept.    18,   1818 — Sept.   16,   1906  Father 

Louisa  C.  his  wife 
Sept.   8,    1840 — Oct.   30,    1899  Mother 


Jeremiah  B.   Bunker 
1837-1913 

our  baby 

July   17,    1877 

J.  B.  Bunker  and  wife 


Frederick  Alpheus  son  of 

Peter  and  Angelina  Bunker 

d.  Oct.  7,  1845  ae.  3  yrs.  3  mos. 


Simeon  Bunker  d.  Jan.  19,  li 
ae.  72  yrs.  2  mos.  9  ds. 


Olive  wife  of  Simeon  Bunker 

d.  May  3,  1869  ae.  75  yrs.  11  mos,  3  ds. 


Thomas   Goldthwait 
d.  Aug.  3,   1871   ae.  77  yrs.  9  mos. 


Abigail  wife  of  Thomas  Goldthwait 
d.  Aug.  21,  1879  ae.  82  yrs.  9  mos. 


George   F.   Goldthwait 
d.  Nov.  20,   1871   ae.  74  yrs.  20  ds. 


Isabella  wife  of  George  F.  Goldthwait 
d.  Oct.  29,  1874  ae.  74  yrs.  4  mos. 


Father 

Lauriston  W.   Goldthwait 

Sept.  28,  1833 — May  12,  1912 


154      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF  MAINE   HISTORY 


Mother 
Sarah  E.  wife  of  Lauriston  W.  Goldthwait 
d.   Aug.  4,   1891   ae.  60  yrs.  3  mos. 


Arthur   B. 
son  of  Janes  E.  and  Sylvina  Goldthwaite 
June   13,   1879— Aug.  23,  1897 


Paul  Hussey  d.  Dec.  10,  1832  ae.  35  yrs. 


Mary  wife  of  Paul  Hussey  d.  Jan.  28,  1868 
ae.  75  yrs.  10  mos. 


Capt.   Paul  Hussey 
d.  May  6,  1892  ae.  65  yr?.  2  mos.  27  ds. 


Olive  W.  Haley 
wife  of  Paul  Hussey  d.  Dec.  8,  1870 
ae.  39  yrs.  1  mo.  17  ds. 


Abbie  E.  dau.  of  Paul  and 
Olive  W.  Hussey  d.  June  25,  1875 
ae.  18  yrs.  10  mos.  9  ds. 


Howard  W.  Hussey 
son  of  Paul  and  Olive  W.  Hussey  d. 
May  8,  1892  ae.  33  yrs.  4  mos.  5  ds. 


Christopher  Hussey 

d.  31st  day  of  the  5th  month  1834 

ae.  66  vrs. 


Eunice  wife  of  Christopher  Hussey 
d.  71I1  day  of   the   1st  month   1851 
ae.  79  yrs. 


Christopher  Hussey 
d.  Jan.  23,  1876  ae.  66  yrs. — Father — 


Alary  wife  of   Christopher  Hussey 
d.  Dec.   5,  1884  ae  .70  yrs.  8  mos. — Mother — 


Husband 

Edward  L.  Hussey 

Dec.  16,  1851— Oct.  8,  1894 


BIDDEFORD    CEMETERY   INSCRIPTIONS  155 


Father 

William  M.  Hussey 

d.  Apr.  16,  1892  ae.  70  yrs.  6  mos.  5  ds. 


Mother 
Mary  E.  wife  of  William  M.  Hussey 
d.  Mar.  10,  1894  ae.  70  yrs.  1  mo.  9  ds. 


Gilbert  son  of  William  M.  and  Mary  E.  Hussey 
d.  Aug.  11,  1863  ae.  19  yrs.  10  mos. 


Jane  R.  Hussey 
Jan.  22,  1840 — Aug.  27,  1907 

Sister 

Sarah   Hussey 

Aug.  14,  1836 — Nov.  8,  1899 

Sister 

William  H.  Milgate 

b.  Mar.  22,  1827  d.  Aug.  25,  1885. 


Ellen  A.  wife  of  William  H.  Milgate 
b.  Mar.  17,  1828  d.  Jan.  23,  191 1 


Orin  Preble  son  of  William  H.  and 
Ellen  A.  Milgate  d.  Sept.  24,  1859 
ae.  8  mos. 


Elmer  Irving  son  of  Irving  S.  and 
Annie  M.  Milgate 

Mar  7,  1903 — May  9,  1903 


Agnes  L.  wife  of  Henry  B.  Seavey 
b.  Feb.  20,  1868— d.  Dec.  22,  1896 
Stone  next  to  J.  H  .Amber  &  wife. 


Carleton  D.  son  of  Benjamin  F.  Jr.  and 
Lydia  M.  Young 

Sept.  4 — 17,  1911 


Here   lies  the  body  of 

Capt.   Samuel  Jordan 

d.  Dec.  20,  1742  ae.  58. 

N.  E.  H.  &  G.  Reg.  2:386  says   1748. 

(The  End) 


156      SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


Henry  B.  Thoreau 

Mr.  Liston  P.  Evans,  editor  of  the  Piscataquis  Observer,  has 
recently  handed  us  a  copy  of  that  paper  dated  May  22,  1890,  in  which 
appears  the  article  that  follows,  relative  to  that  great  American 
philosopher,  writer  and  naturalist,  Henry  D.  Thoreau,  whose  writ- 
ings gave  the  "Maine  Woods"  a  world  wide  fame  in  literature,  as 
well  as  with  the  people.  This  article  was  written,  as  Mr.  Evans 
informs  us,  by  the  late  Joseph  Darling  Brown,  Esq.,  formerly  of 
Foxcroft,  Maine,  a  lawyer  and  also  one  of  the  able  newspaper 
writers  of  Eastern  Maine. 

A  monument  of  Maine  granite  now  marks  the  last  resting  place  of  Henry 
D.  Thoreau,  the  distinguished  naturalist,  in  the  old  graveyard  on  the  hill 
overlooking  the  historic  battlefield  of  Concord,  Mass.  For  years  no  stone 
or  tablet  invited  the  attention  of  the  pilgrim  or  stranger  to  the  spot  where 
repose  the  remains  of  one  whose  name  was  and  still  is  familiar  to  all  lovers 
of  nature  in  her  loftier  or  milder  moods. 

Recently  this  memorial  in  stone  has  been  set  up  by  B.  B.  Thatcher,1  Esq., 
of  Bangor,  a  distant  relation  and  sympathizing  friend,  and  one  other  relative. 
The  names  of  his  father  and  mother  interred  there  are  inscribed  upon  the 
tablet. 

It  was  fitting  that  this  tribute  to  his  memory  should  be  taken  from  the 
quarries  of  the  State  in  whose  deep  forest  shades  he  delighted  to  wander 
and  meditate  upon  the  sublime  works  of  nature.  In  the  wilderness,  upon 
our  mountain  sides,  paddling  his  light  canoe  over  the  bosom  of  our  silver 
lakes,  threading  his  way  up  our  rivers  and  braving  their  cataracts  to  gratify 
a  life  passion  that  had  taken  possession  of  his  inmost  soul,  he  first  made 
known  to  the  outside  world  the  grandeur  and  beauty  of  our  scenery,  the 
extent  of  wild  domain,  and  the  richness  of  our  ornithology,  vegetable  and 
animal  life.  He  was  to  Maine  what  Audobon  was  to  the  entire  country. 
His  first  visit  to  the  State  was  in  1846,  when  he  made  his  way  nearly  to  the 
summit  of  Mt.  Katahdin,  which  but  few  white  men  had  before  ascended. 
Again  in  1853,  he  penetrated  as  far  as  Chesuncook  Lake.  Later,  in  1857, 
in  the  month  of  July,  he  made  his  last  visit  to  the  forests  of  Maine,  going 
up  over  Moosehead,  down  the  west  branch,  across  the  Chesuncook,  up  the 
Umbazodksus  stream,  over  the  lake  of  the  same  name,  Mud  Pond  Carry 
and  Chamberlain  Lake,  thence  down  the  Allcgash  to  Heron  Lake. 

From  this  point  with  his  Indian  canoe  man,  retracing  his  way  to  Chamber- 
lain Lake,  and  passing  through  the  famous  Telos  Canal,  and  down  the 
east  branch  of  the  great  river  to  Bangor,  he  closed  his  last  visit  to  the 
woods  of  Maine.  His  experiences  and  observations  in  these  excursions 
were  given  to  the  public  in  a  volume  of  328  pages,  and  at  this  late  day, 
reads  like  a  delightful  epic.    He  was  the  author  of  several  other  books. 


(1)  The  late  Honorable  Benjamin  B.  Thatcher,  of  Bangor,  Maine.  He  was  for  many 
years  an  extensive  lumber  dealer  on  Kx"hniKe  street  and  o  e  of  the  most  prominent  and  lead- 
ing  men  in  the  Queen  City.  He  served  as  a  member  of  the  Maine  House  of  Representatives 
and  Senate  several  sessions. 


HENRY  B.  THOREAU  157 


Before  his  death  in  1862,  at  the  early  age  of  45  years,  he  had  builded  for 
himself  a  desirable  reputation  as  a  naturalist  and  writer. 

Thoreau  never  married.  He  was  in  love  with  nature  and  worshipped  at 
her  shrine. 

One  feature  of  his  character  was  remarkable.  In  the  collection  of  speci- 
mens of  birds  and  wild  animals,  he  never  availed  himself  of  the  use  of 
firearms.  With  him,  life  was  sacred,  though  he  never  hesitated  to  avail, 
himself  of  the  knowledge  afforded  by  the  destructive  acts  of  others,  not 
exercised  by  such  scruples  as  his  own.  In  our  forests  he  studied  the  nature 
of  its  denizens  from  the  moose  to  the  muskrat,  the  noblest  to  the  lowest. 
Birds  were  a  specialty,  and  every  variety  known  to  the  woodsman  was  ob- 
served and  made  an  object  lesson.  The  bald  eagle,  heron,  loon,  kingfisher 
and  sparrows  alike  received  his  attention. 

As  a  botanist,  he  examined  and  took  note  of  the  flowers  of  Northern 
Maine  as  no  man  had  done  before  him  or  since.  Today  he  is  the  only 
authority  extant  upon  the  beautiful,  sweet-scented  flowerets  that  in  their 
season  lift  their  modest  heads  along  our  interior  lakes  and  watercourses  to 
greet  the  rising  sun  with  opening  petals. 


Ada  Douglass  Littlefield  in  her  delightful  book  "An  Old  River 
Town"  (New  York,  1907),  meaning  old  Frankfort  and  what  is  now 
Winterport,  Maine,  says : 

The  "Bangor"  was  the  first  iron  sea-going  propeller  steamer  con- 
structed in  the  United  States.  She  was  begun  in  October,  1843; 
launched  in  May  of  1844,  and  was  completed  and  delivered  to  her 
owners,  the  Bangor  Steam  Navigation  Company,  of  Maine,  in  1844. 
Length  over  all  on  deck,  about  131  ft. 
Length  between  perpendiculars  120  ft. 
Breadth  of  beam  23  ft. 

Depth  of  hold  9  ft. 


158      SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE   HISTORY 


Alphabetical  List  of  the  Members  of 

the  First  Congregational  Church 

of  Bangor,  Maine,  1811-1856 

Organized  November  27,  181 1. 

Contributed  by  Fannie  Hardy  Eckstorm. 

(Continued  from  page  109) 


Samuel  D.  Hasey, 

Moses  Haskell, 

Mrs.  Anna  Haskell, 

Benjamin  Haskell, 

Mary  F.  Haskell, 

Micajah  Haskell, 

Martha  Haskell, 

Mary  F.  Haskell, 

Hannah  B.  Haskell, 

Susan  A.  Haskell, 

Mrs.  Anna  D.  Haskell, 

Elizabeth  D.  Haskell, 

John  Haskell, 

Emeline  P.  Haskins, 

Romulus  Haskins, 

Robert  R.  Haskins, 

Nathaniel  Hatch,  Jr. 

Mrs.  Meriam  Haynes, 

Mrs.  Martha  C.  Hellenbrand, 

George  R.  Herrick, 

Mrs.  Mary  Herrick, 

Mrs.  Catherine  L.  Higgins, 

David  Hill, 

Mrs.  Phebe  Hill, 

Charlotte  Hill, 

Thomas  A.   Hill, 

Hannah  A.  Hill, 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  Hill, 

Catherine  Hill, 

Jane  S.  Hill, 

Elizabeth  A.  Hill, 

Mrs.  Catharine  J.  Hilliard, 

Stephen  Hol1and, 

Sarah  Holland, 

Prescott  P.  Holden, 

Mrs.  Rosana  D.  Holden, 


Jane  E.  Hodgdon, 
Mrs.  Lucy  Holmes, 
Bradley  Hosford, 
Mrs.  Hannah  Hosford, 
Mrs.  Cornelia  Hoyt, 
Eunice  K.  Hoyt, 
Lacy  V.  Howard, 
Wm.  P.  Hubbard, 
Mrs.  Hutchings, 
Wm.  S.  Hyde. 

Mrs.  Ruth  Ingraham. 

Alexander  H.  Janes, 
George  W.  Jackson, 
William  Jewell, 
Nathan  Jewell, 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  Jewell, 
Mrs.  Emily  B.  Jewell, 
Harriet  Jewett, 
Mrs.  Eliza  C.  Jewett, 
Mrs.  Ann  Jellison, 
Ann  Jones, 
Preston  Jones, 
Mrs.  Mary  Jones, 
Hellen   M.  Jones, 
Frances  A.  Jones, 
Mrs.  Roxana  Jordon, 
Mrs.  CordeHa  Jordon, 
Mary  E.  Jordon. 

Mrs.  Eliza  Kcndrick, 
Joseph  Kendrick, 
Harriet  B    Kendrick, 
Clara  A.  Kendrick, 
Allen   M.  Kendrick, 


FIRST    CONGREGATIONAL    CHURCH,    BANGOR       159 


Mrs.  Nancy  M.  Kendrick, 
Mrs.  Sarah  I.  Kent, 
Mrs.  Lucilla  S.  Kelley, 
Stephen  Kimball, 
Mrs.  Rebecca  Kimball, 
Daniel  Kimball, 
Mrs.  Lydia  Kimball, 
Mrs.  Lydia  F.  Kimball, 
Mrs.  Mary  C.  D.  Kimball, 
John  Kimball, 
Mrs.  Jane  Kimball, 
Osgood  Kimball, 
Rebecca  H.  Kimball, 
Mrs.  Sarah  S.  Kimball, 
Huldah  Kingsley, 
Mrs.  Mary  E.  Kittredge, 
Mrs.  Mary  Knight, 
Robert  Knowles, 
Mrs.  Maria  Knowles. 

Daniel  Lambert, 
Mrs.  Betsey  Lambert, 
Mrs.  Electa  B.  Lancy, 
Paschal  P.  Learned, 
Mrs.  Ann  R.  Learned, 
Joseph  Leavitt, 
Edwin  Leonard, 
Mrs.  Mary  B.  Leonard, 
Isaac  Lincoln, 
Mrs.  Emeline  B.  Lincoln, 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  Little, 
Ellen  Little, 
Mark  Little, 
George  B.  Little, 
Mrs.  Sarah  E.  Little, 
Mrs.  Nancy  Loomis, 
Jane  Longstaff, 
Jeremiah  Lord, 
Samuel  B.  Loud, 
Mrs.  Sarah  M.  Lovejoy, 
Joseph  C.  Lovejoy, 
Mrs.  Betsey  Low, 
Mrs.  Lucy  E.  Low, 
Mrs.  Mary  F.  Lowell, 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  Lumbert, 


Mrs.  Sarah  Lumbert, 

Davis  Lumbert, 

Samuel  E.  Lunt. 

Eliza  Mahan, 

Mrs.  Sophia  Mann, 

William  Mann, 

Thomas  N.  Mansfield, 

Mrs.  Rebecca  Mansfield, 

Daniel  R.  Mansfield, 

Maria  I.  Mason, 

Dorcas  Mason, 

Joseph  W.  Mason, 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  T.  Mason, 

Mrs.  Margaret  Martyn, 

Jennette  S.  Martyn, 

Mary  D.  Marston, 

John  A.  Mayhew, 

Mrs.   Mary  Mayhew, 

Fanny  Mayhew, 

Mrs.  Sarah  Mayhew, 

Mrs.  Lucy  Mayhew, 

Hannah  Mathews, 

Mrs.  Phebe  McGaw, 

"Jacob  McGaw, 

Catharine  McGaw, 

Mary  McDaniel, 

David  C.  McDougall, 

Mrs.  Minerva  McDougall, 

Elizabeth  McCobb, 

Sarah  McCobb, 

Mary  McDougall, 

Daniel  P.  McQuestion, 

Mrs.  Mary  A.  B.  McQuestion, 

Mrs.  Mary  A.  McRuer, 

Mrs.  Margaret  Merryman, 

Mrs.  Sarah  Merrill, 

Eudora  A.  I.  Merrill, 

Hannah  Middleton, 

Mrs.  Myra  C.  Mills, 

Mrs.  Hannah  S.  Milliken, 

Joseph  Milliken, 

Lydia  H.  Milliken, 

Mrs.  Mary  Moody, 

Abby  M.  Moody, 

Caroline  S.  Moore, 


C)     Jacob    McGaw    a    prominent    lawyer    of    Eastern    Maine,    and    once 
County  Attorney  of  Penobscot  County. 


i6o      SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE   HISTORY 


Elvira  Moore, 
Marion  Moore, 
Benjamin  Morrill, 
Mrs.  Caroline  L.  Morrill, 
Daniel  W.  Morrill, 
Benj.  H.  Morrill, 
Mrs.  Joana  Morse, 
Mrs.  Lucy  M.  Morse, 
Mrs.  Maria  Morse, 
Jonathan  Morse, 
Mrs.  Prudence  Morse, 
Timothy  H.  Morse, 
Leonard  L.  Morse. 

Olive  H.  Nason, 
Mrs.  Mary  J.  Nay, 
Emery  M.  Newhall, 
Mrs.  Mary  Nourse, 
Sarah  Nourse, 
Simon  Nowell, 
Mrs.  Mary  Nowell, 
Robert  Nowell, 
George  W.  Nowell, 
Henry  Nowell, 
Mary  E.  Nowell, 
Mrs.  Sarah  Nowell, 
Mrs.  Charlotte  C.  Nye, 
Elisha  Nye. 

Mrs.  Clarissa  Osgood, 
Hannah  H.  Osgood. 

Harriet  Page, 

Mrs.  Prudence  Page, 

Mrs.  Nancy  Palmer, 

Mrs.  Ann  M.  Palmer, 

Mrs.  Mary  Parker, 

Mrs.  Priscilla  G.  Parker, 

Emily  Parker, 

Mrs.  Susannah  Parker, 

Mary  Parker, 

Mrs.  Susan  Parsons, 

Elijah  G.  Parsons, 

Jotham  S.  Parsons, 


Eben  G.  Parsons, 

Pamelia  Parsons, 

Mrs.  Hannah  H.  Parsons, 

Samuel  M.  Parsons, 

Benj.  F.  Parsons, 

Pliny  D.  Parsons, 

Fidelio  Parsons, 

Mrs.  Rachel  A.  Parsons, 

Electa  L.  Parsons, 

Mary  V.   Parsons. 

Park  H.  Parsons, 

Catherine  T.  Parsons, 

Amy  Parsons, 

James  B.   Parsons, 

TMoses  Patten, 

Mrs.  Sarah  Patten. 

Cyril  Pearl, 

Mrs.  Sarah  H.  Pearson, 

Mrs.  Sophia  S.  Pearson, 

John  Pearson, 

Mary  Pearson, 

Simon  T.  Pearson, 

Sarah  M.  Pearson, 

John  S.  Pearson, 

Mrs.  Ann  M.  Pearson, 

Mrs.  Mary  K.  Pearson, 

Mary  C.  Pearson, 

Wm.  H.  Pearson, 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  P.  Pearson, 

Mrs.  Rosana  M.  Pearson, 

Mrs.  Hannah  T.  Pearson, 

Airs.  Mary  W.  Pendleton, 

Joshua  C.  Plummer, 

Mary  Philips, 

Sarah  Philips, 

Calvin  Phelps, 

Mrs.  Mary  A.  G.  Peirce, 

sGeorge  W.  Pickering, 

Daniel  Pike, 

Nancy  Plummer, 

Dorcas  Plummer, 

Charles  Plummer, 

Mrs.  Sarah  M.  Plummer, 

Elizabeth  D.  Plummer, 


O  Honorable  Moses  Patten  of  Bangor,  member  of  the  Court  of  Com- 
mon Pleas  for  the  third  Eastern  District  established  July  2,  1816,  and  sit- 
ting as  a  Court  of  Sessions  held  their  first  session  in  Bangor  on  that  day. 

C)     Honorable  George  W.  Pickering,  Mayor  of  Bangor  1853-54. 


FIRST    CONGREGATIONAL    CHURCH,    BANGOR       161 


Sophia  D.  Plummer, 
Mary  Plummer, 
Louisa  Plummer, 
Lucretia  A.  Plummer, 
George  D.  Plummer, 
Jerusha  Polly, 
Swan  L.   Pomroy, 
Rebecca  M.  Poor, 
Mrs.  Frances  M.  Pomroy, 
Antoinette  Poyen, 
Mrs.  Ann  Q.  Pomroy, 
John  M.  Prince, 
Mary  B.  Pomroy, 
Mrs.  Eleanor  C.  Prince, 
Charles  H.  Pond, 
Aaron  Prouty, 
Mrs.  Hannah  Pond, 
Mrs.  Hepzibah  Prouty, 
Catherine  Porter, 
Emerson  D.  Porter, 
Mrs.  Nancy  B.  Porter, 
Mrs.  Caroline  T.  Porter. 

Susan    Quimby, 

Mrs.  Harriet  H.  Ray, 

Fanny  Randall, 

Harvey  Reed, 

Mrs.  Jane  Reed, 

Mrs.  Sophia  Reed, 

Anna  F.  Reed, 

Mrs.  Hannah  Remick, 

Nancy  Reynolds, 

Mrs.  Martha  F.  Reynolds, 

Mrs.  Miranda  Rice, 

Charles  Rice, 

Mrs.  Fanny  Rich, 

Elizabeth  A.  Rich, 

Esther  Richards, 

Mrs.  Julia  A.  Ricker, 

Mrs.  Ruth  Roberts, 

Francis  Roberts, 

Elmina  Robinson, 

James  Robinson, 

Margaret  Robinson, 

Mrs.  Hannah  B.  Robinson, 

Airs.  Charlotte  B.  Robinson, 

Mary  O.   Robinson, 


Mrs.  Hannah   S.  Rogers, 

Mrs.  Mary  H.  Rogers, 

Philinda   Ross, 

Lorinda  C.  Ross, 

Thomas   H.   Sandford, 

Mrs.  Caro.  M.  B.  Sandford, 

William  Sandford, 

Mrs.   Charlotte   M.   Sandford, 

Hiram  Sands, 

Mrs.  Sarah  S.  Sands, 

Mrs.  Priscilla  Savage, 

Alexander  Savage, 

Wm.  T.  Savage, 

Charles   A.    Savage, 

Mary  G.   Savage, 

John    Sargent, 

Mrs.  Ann  Sargent, 

Mrs.  Betsey  H.  Savary, 

Hepzibah  Sawyer, 

Cynthia   Sawyer, 

Mrs.   Rebecca   Sawyer, 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  H.  Sayward, 

Airs.  Sarah  J.  Sayward, 

Lyman    Sewall, 

William   Sewall, 

J.  Addison  Sewall, 

Michael   Schwartz, 

John   Schwartz, 

Airs.    Jane    M.    Schwartz, 

Airs.  Jane  Scott, 

Airs.    Nancy  H.   Sellers, 

Henry   E.    Sellers, 

Mrs.  Eliza  Shaw, 

Eudoxia  Shaw, 

Airs.  Alaria  Shepard, 

Samuel  Shepard, 

Airs.  Betsey  D.  Shepard, 

Airs.   Aiartha  Shepard, 

Mrs.  Hannah  Silsbee, 

Benjamin  Silsbee, 

Alary   Silsbee, 

Hannah   Silsbee, 

Mrs.  Ellen  M.  Silsbee, 

Elcy  P.   Simpson, 

Emma   R.    Skinner, 

Airs.   Rachel   Smith, 

Airs.   Hannah   W.    Smith, 

Airs.  Hannah  Smith, 


162      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF  MAINE   HISTORY 


Susan  S.  Smith, 
Emeline   Smith, 
Mrs.    Sarah   H.    Smith, 
Mrs.  Martha  Smith, 
Sylvina  L.   Smith, 
Mrs.  Hannah  Snow, 
Hannah   B.    Snow, 
Sophia  M.   Snow, 
Susan  H.    Snow, 
Israel    Snow, 
John    Sprowle, 
Jane   B.    Soule, 
William  Stacey, 
Mrs.   Mary  A.   Stacey, 
Sarah  A.   Stacey, 
George  Starrett, 
Mrs.  Martha  B.  Starrett, 
Sophia    Stackpole, 
Mary  G.   Stackpole, 
Charles  A.  Stackpole, 
Mrs.   Mary   M.   Stackpole, 
Mrs.  Judith  A.  Stackpole, 
Isaac  S.  Stackpole, 
Wilder  B.  Start, 
Laura   A.    Stebbins, 
Mary   Stevenson, 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  Stimpson, 
Samuel    B.   Stone, 
Mrs.  Sarah  J.  Stone, 
Robert  Stuart, 
Samuel   Sylvester, 
Mrs.  Charlotte  Sylvester. 

Mrs.   Elizabeth   Tasker, 
Sarah  B.  Tappan, 
Mrs.    Ann    Taylor, 
Abner  Taylor, 
Nancy  Taylor, 
Charles   C.   Taylor, 
Charles   Temple, 
Jane  Tenney, 
Albert  Titcomb, 
Philip  Titcomb, 
Emily   Titcomb, 
Albert  P.  Titcomb, 
Mary  Thayer, 
Abner  Thayer, 
Wm.  W.  Thayer, 


Joseph   H.    Thayer, 
Mrs.    Susan   H.   Thayer, 
Harriet  H.  Thatcher, 
George  A.  Thatcher, 
Mrs.  Rebecca  J.  Thatcher, 
Mary   A.   Thaxter, 
Benj.  B.  Thatcher, 
David  Thomas, 
Sarah    Thomas, 
Mrs.  Mary  W.  Thomas, 
Mrs.  Sally  M.  Thomas, 
Mrs.  Olive  Thomas, 
Artemas  Thomas, 
Moses  S.  Thomas, 
Sarah   Thoreau, 
John  Thurston, 
William  Thurston, 
Richard   Thurston, 
Mrs.  Ann  B.  Thurston, 
Richard  B.  Thurston, 
Samuel  D.   Thurston, 
Ann  C.   P.  Thurston, 
Elizabeth  Todd, 
Elizabeth  Treat, 
Mrs.  Mary  Treat, 
Benjamin  Treadwell, 
Mrs.  Sophronia  Treadwell, 
Thomas    Trickey, 
Mrs.    Elizabeth    Trickey, 
Mary  E.  Trickey, 
Cordelia  Tupper, 
Mrs.    Mary   Tupper, 
Allen  Tupper, 
Margaret  Tupper. 

Mrs.  Rebecca  Upton. 

Samuel  L.  Valentine, 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  Valentine, 
Mrs.   Sarah  G.  Valentine, 
Wm.    J.   Valentine, 
Mrs.  Ann  J.  Valentine, 
Mary  J.  Valentine, 
Airs.   Susan  Veazie, 
John    W.    Veazie. 

Asa  Walker, 
Wm.   S.  Warren, 


FIRST    CONGREGATIONAL    CHURCH,    BANGOR       163 


Mrs.  Mary  Warren, 

Daniel  Webster, 

Mrs.   Elizabeth  Webster, 

Jonathan  Webster, 

Mrs.  Mary   P.  Webster, 

Martha  Webster, 

Jane   Webster, 

Caroline  Webster, 

Porter  Webster, 

Abigail   Webster, 

John  Webster, 

Sarah  Webster, 

Mrs.  Louisa  F.  Webster, 

Elias  Webber, 

Jabez  Weston,  Jr., 

Mrs.  Jane  Weston, 

Mrs.  Rebecca  Wheeler, 

Mrs.  Hannah  E.  A.  Wheeler, 

Mrs.  Esther  White, 

Elias  White, 

Mrs.  Louisa  B.  White, 

Cornelia  F.  White, 

Mrs.  Hannah   M.  Whittier, 

Edward  Wiggin, 

Mrs.  L.  Wiggin, 

Ellen  B.  Wiggin, 


Mrs.  Susan  Wilder, 

9Wm.   D.  Williamson, 

Mrs.  Jemima  M.  Williamson, 

Mrs.  Mary  Williamson, 

Mrs.  Susan  E.  Williamson, 

Mrs.  Clarissa  Williamson, 

Samuel  Wiley, 

Mrs.   Sarah   C.  Wingate, 

Wm.  A.  Wingate, 

Eliza  W.   Wingate, 

Mrs.    Phebe    Wingate, 

John    J.    Wingate, 

Sarah  T.  Winslow, 

Matilda  M.  Winslow, 

Priscilla  S.  Winslow, 

Mrs.  Mary  Winslow, 

Mrs.  Sarah  F.  Winn, 

Sarah  C.   Winn, 

Mary   P.   Winn, 

Sarah  Witherel, 

Isaac  Witherel, 

Mrs.  Rachel  Woodbridge, 

Benjamin  Wyatt, 

Robert  Wyman, 

Mrs.  Dolly  Young. 


(")     Honorable   William    D.    Williamson,    the    first   member   of    Congress 
from  the  Bangor  District,  and  author  of  Williamson's  History  of  Maine. 


There  may  be  seen  in  the  Catholic  cemetery  at  West  Lubec,  says 
the  Lubec  Herald,  a  gravestone,  on  which  the  inscriptions  are  well 
worth  reading,  recording  as  they  do  the  death  of  three  members  of  a 
family,  their  ages  averaging  100  years.  The  first  is  that  of  Alex- 
ander Horan,  who  died  June  10,  1850,  aged  100  years;  the  second, 
John  Horan,  died  February  18,  1875,  aged  102  years,  and  the  third, 
Jane  Horan,  died  April  15,  1878,  aged  98  years.  They  were  all  from 
County  Antrim,  Ireland.  It  is  doubtful  if  the  equal  of  this  can  be 
found  in  the  State. 


164      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


Maine  As  A  Winter  Resort 

The  evolution  of  the  summer  resort  business  in  the  State  of  Maine 
from  very  small  beginnings  at  about  the  close  of  the  Civil  War  to  its 
immense  proportions  of  the  present  time  has  been  referred  to  in 
these  pages.1  Its  place  as  one  of  the  leading  summer  recreation 
grounds  of  the  world  is  -permanently  fixed  and  will  remain  so  for 
all  time  if  the  people  of  Maine  stand  firmly  in  all  things  for  its 
maintenance.  It  has  not  been,  however,  until  very  recent  years  that 
Maine  enterprise  has  invaded  the  realm  of  the  winter  resort  business. 
Yet  some  of  her  enterprising  hotel  interests  have  already  made  pro- 
gress in  this  direction  with  eminent  success. 

At  the  Maine  State  Board  of  Trade  meeting  in  Lewiston,  March 
ii,  191 5,  Mr.  Arthur  G.  Staples,  managing  editor  of  the  Lewiston 
Journal,  delivered  an  able  and  illuminating  address  entitled  "Maine 
as  a  Winter  Resort"  from  which  we  make  the  following  excerpts : 

There  has  been  a  change  in  the  attitude  of  the  world  toward  winter 
within  the  past  two  generations,  that  is  one  of  the  most  remarkable  social 
phenomena  of  the  period. 

The  change  began  in  Northern  Europe,  in  Scandinavia  and  especially  in 
the  Swiss  and  Germanic  countries.  It  developed  along  two  lines:  first, 
fashion,  which  substituted  the  athletic  man  and  woman  for  the  weeping 
willow  variety  predominating  in  1870  or  thereabouts;  second,  efficiency, 
which  nowadays  is  everywhere  turning  waste  into  valuable  by-products. 
Winter  was  a  waste  season  in  the  hotel  business  of  Switzerland  and  certain 
parts  of  Germany.  Those  canny  people  who  are  the  best  inn-keepers  in  the 
world,  saw  the  waste  and  made  it  a  by-product  of  enormous  value.  From 
Europe,  the  idea  crossed  the  sea  and  lodged  in  Canada,  where  in  1882-188^ 
we  had  stupendous  winter  carnivals  which  brought  enormous  income  to 
hotels  and  transportation  lines,  and  which  still  continues  to  enrich  the  Can- 
adian hotels.  The  idea  has  been  30  years  crossing  the  border  into  Maine. 
It  is  here  to-day  ready  to  do  for  New  England  what  it  has  done  for 
Switzerland  and  Norway.  In  other  words,  it  rests  with  us,  as  a  business 
community  in  the  broadest  sense,  to  turn  the  old-fashioned  depreciating 
liability  of  winter  into  a  blooming  asset,  and  to  force  it  to  pay  dividends 
on  our  thousands  of  frozen  lakes  and  ponds;  on  our  trackless  winter  forests, 

and  on  the  majesty  of  our  snow-swept  hills  and  mountains   

St.  Moritz  in  Switzerland  with  its  Cresta  Run,  its  bob- 
sleigh contests,  its  thirty  hotels,  some  of  them  beautiful,  its  fashion  and  its 
wealth,  has  not  a  thing  to  offer  that  Poland  Spring,  or  Bethel,  or  Kineo, 
or  the  Rangeley  country  of  Maine  cannot  give.  But  Switzerland  and  Nor- 
way are  doing  business  and  we  are  not.     They  are  converting  a  waste  into 


C)     See  Journal  Vol.  2,  pp.  10-12. 


MAINE    AS    A    WINTER    RESORT  165 


a  by-product;  we  are  not.  They  are  converting  a  liability  into  an  asset; 
we  arc  not — except  in  one  or  two  instances,  of  which  I  now  propose  briefly 

to    speak    Today,   go   to 

the  Mansion  House  at  Poland  Spring  and  see !  Or,  better  still,  try  to  secure 
a  room  and  entertainment  there,  in  the  climax  of  the  season  from  Christ- 
mas to  March  1.  They  have  turned  away  700  guests  from  Poland  Spring 
this  winter,  because  they  were  unable  to  accommodate  them.  The  arrivals 
at  the  Mansion  House  in  December,  January,  and  February,  1914-1915,  num- 
bered 760.  The  number  of  meals  served  to  guests  in  these  three  winter 
months  was  16,568;  the  average  length  of  stay  of  each  guest  was  7  1-4  days. 
The  total  number  of  days  board  by  these  winter  guests  this  year  was 
5,523.  The  income  in  the  month  of  February  alone  from  winter  resort  guest? 
at  the  Mansion  House  has  increased  over  50  per  cent,  in  two  years  for 
the  single  month.  What  has  done  it?  Here's  the  answer:  Efficient  hotel 
keeping,  increased  attraction,  liberal  advertising  and  a  growing  faith  in  the 
superior  restorative  powers  of  the  winter  climate  of  Maine. 

Mr.  Staples  quoted  from  a  letter  from  Colonel  Frederic  E.  Boothby  in 
which  he  said : 

"The  success  of  Poland  Spring  could  be  duplicated  in  Ratigeley,  Moose- 
head,  Dexter,  Dover,  Foxcroft,  Bingham,  Monson,  as  it  is  being  duplicated 
in  a  measure  in  Bethel." 


"Hand  Book  of  the  Maine  Library  Association"  for  191 5,  is  a 
neat  little  booklet  of  30  pages  recently  issued  by  that  association. 
Its  officers  are  President,  Charles  A.  Flagg,  Bangor  Public  Library, 
Bangor;  Vice-Presidents,  Annie  Prescott,  Auburn  Public  Library, 
Auburn,  and  Mary  G.  Gilman,  Curtis  Memorial  Library,  Brunswick ; 
Secretary,  Ralph  K.  Jones,  U.  of  M.  Library,  Orono ;  Treasurer, 
Plattie   Mabel  Leach,   Portland   Public  Library,   Portland. 

It  gives  a  list  of  all  public  libraries  in  Maine  since  1751  and  con- 
tains much  valuable  information. 


166      SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

The  County  of  Yorkshire  Created, 

by  the  General  Court  of 

Massachusetts1 

NOVEMBER  20-30,  1652. 

For  the  circumstances  which  led  to  the  creation  of  the  county  of 
Yorkshire  by  the  General  Court  of  Massachusetts,  November  20-30, 
1652,  references  must  be  made  to  the  "Records  of  the  Governor  and 
Company  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  in  New  England."  May  26-June 
5,  1652,  the  Court  passed  the  following  order  about  the  north  line : 

Concerning  the  north  lyne  of  this  jurisdiccon,  itt  was  this  day  voted, 
vppon  prvsall  of  our  charter,  that  the  extent  of  the  ljne  is  to  be  from  the 
northermost  parte  of  the  Riuer  Merremacke  and  three  miles  more  north, 
where  it  is  to  be  found,  be  it  a  hundred  miles,  more  or  lesse,  from  the 
sea,  and  thence  vppon  a  streight  ljne  east  &  west  to  each  sea. 

In  accordance  with  this  liberal  interpretation  of  the  boundaries 
laid  down  in  the  "colony  charter,"  John  Sherman  of  Watertown, 
and  Jonathan  Ince,  a  student  at  Flarvard  College,  were  employed  as 
"artists"  "to  finde  out  the  most  northerly  part  of  Merremacke  Riuer." 
They  made  return  that  on  the  first  day  of  August,  1652,  they  found 
the  latitude  required  to  be  430  40'  12"  N.,  "besides  those  minutes 
which  are  to  be  allowed  for  the  three  miles  more  north  wdiich  runs 
into  the  lake  ('Winnapuscakit')." 

A  commission  was  immediately  issued  by  Governor  Endicott,  with 
full  power  to  settle  the  civil  government  to  the  most  northerly  limit 
of  the  patent.  In  November  the  town  of  Kittery  acknowledged  the 
government  of  Massachusetts,  and  the  county  of  Yorkshire  in  west- 
ern Maine  was  formally  created,  with  the  same  rights  and  privileges 
that  the  inhabitants  south  of  the  Piscataqua  enjoyed.  Subsequently 
other  settlements  submitted  to  the  authority  of  Massachusetts,  and 
the  name  and  power  of  Gorgeana  were  extinguished. 

The  special  grant  of  privileges  to  Kittery  is  in  "Massachusetts 
Records,"  IV,  part  I,  124-126;  "York  Deeds,"  I,  folios  26,  27; 
FT>enezer  Flazard,  "Ffistorical  Collections,"  etc.  (Philadelphia, 
1792),  573,  574;  James  Sullivan,  "Plistory  of  the  District  of  Maine" 
(Boston,  1795),  335-337;  and  James  Phinney  Baxter,  editor,  "Bax- 


"(')     Documentary  History  of  Maine.     (Farnham  Papers).     Vol.  7,  p.  273. 


COUNTY   OF   YORKSHIRE   CREATED  167 


ter  Manuscripts,"  Maine  Historical  Society,  "Documentary  Series," 
IV,  25-28. 

The  "Massachusetts  Records"  contain  the  earliest  authentic  copy, 
which  is  the  text  adopted. 

To  graunt  to  Kittery,  20th  Nouember,  1652. 

Whereas  the  toune  of  Kittery  hath  acknowledged  themselves  subject  to 
the  gouernment  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  in  New  England,  as  by  the 
subscription  vnder  theire  hands,  bearing  date  the  16th  of  this  instant,  ii 
doth  appeare,  wee,  the  comissioners  of  the  Gennerall  Court  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts for  the  setling  of  gouernment  amongst  them  and  the  rest  wth 
in  the  bounds  of  theire  charter  northerly  to  the  full  and  just  extent  of 
theire  lyne,  haue  thought  meete  and  actually  doe  graunt  as  f  olloweth : — 

1st.  That  the  whole  tract  of  land  beyond  the  Kiuer  of  Piscataq  northerly, 
together  with  the  Isle  of  Shoales,  wth  in  our  sajd  bounds,  is  and  shallbe 
henceforth  a  county,  or  shire,  called  by  the  name  of   Yorkshire. 

2.  That  the  people  inhabiting  there  shall  enjoy  proteccon  aequall  acts  or 
favor,  &  justice  wth  the  rest  of  the  people  inhabitting  on  the  south  side 
of  the  kiuer  Piscataq,  wth  in  the  lj  mitts  of  our  whole  jurisdiccon. 

3.  That  Kittery  shallbe  and  remajne  a  touneship,  &  haue  and  enjoy  the 
priviledges  of  a  toune,  as  others  of  the  jurisdiccon  haue  and  doe  enjoy. 

4.  That  they  shall  enjoy  the  same  bounds  that  are  cleere  betweene  toune 
and  toune,  as  hath  binn  formerly  graunted  when  comissioners  of  each 
bordering  toune  hath  vejwed  and  retourned  to  vs  or  to  the  Gennerall  Cou:t 
theire  survey. 

5.  That  both  each  toune  and  euery  inhabitant  shall  haue  and  enjoy  all 
theire  just  proprieties,  titles,  and  interests  in  the  howses  and  lands  which 
they  doe  possesse,  whither  by  graunt  of  the  toune,  or  of  the  Indeans,  or  of 
the   former  Gennerall  Courts. 

6.  That  the  toune  of  Kittery,  by  theire  freeman,  shall  send  one  deputy 
yearely  to  the  Court  of  Election,  and  that  it  shallbe  in  theire  libertje  to 
send  to  each  Court  two  deputjes,  if  they  thinke  good. 

7.  That  all  the  present  inhabitants  of  Kittery  shall  be  freemen  of  the 
countrje,  and,  having  taken  the  oath  of  freemen,*  shall  have  libertje  to  give 
theire  votes  for  the  election  of  the  Gouernor,  Assistants,  and  other  gennerall 
officers   of  the  countrje. 

8.  That  this  county  of  Yorke  shall  haue  County  Courts  wth  in  them- 
selves, in  the  most  comodious  and  fitt  places,  as  authoritje  shall  see  meete  to 
appointe. 

9.  That  euery  touneshipp  shall  haue  three  men,  approved  by  the  County 
Court,  to  end  smale  cawses,  as  other  the  touneshipps  in  the  jurisdiccon  hath, 
where  no  magistrate  or  comissioner   resideth. 

10.  That  the  shire  shall  or  may  haue  three  associates  to  asist  such  com- 
issioners as  the  present  comissioners  or  authoritje  of  the  Massachusetts 
shall  send,  and  such  magistrates  as  shall  voluntarilly  come  vnto  them  from 
tjme  to  tjme. 

11.  That  the  inhabitants  of  the  county  of  Yorkshire  shall  not  be  draune  to 
any  ordjnary  gennerall  traynings  out  of  theire  oune  county  wth  out  theire 
consent. 


168      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


12.  That  the  inhabitants  of  Kittery  shall  also  haue  &  enjoy  the  same 
priviledges  that  Douer  hath,  vppon  theire  coming  vnder  this  gouernment. 

13.  That  all  such  as  haue  or  shall  subscribe  voluntarily,  as  the  rest 
haue  donne,  before  the  ending  this  Courte,  shall  haue  the  priviledge  of 
indempnitje  for  all  acts  of  power  exercised  by  the  former  gent  vntill  the 
protest,  and  for  and  in  respect  of  such  criminall  matters  as  are  breaches 
of  poenall  lawes  wth  in  the  whole  gouernment;  provided,  that  Abraham 
Cunly  hath  libertje  to  appeale  in  respect  of  his  case  wherein  he  was  fined 
tenn  pounds,  anno  51. 

14.  Provided  alwajes,  that  nothing  in  this  our  graunt  shall  extend  to  de- 
termine the  infringing  of  any  persons  right  to  any  land  or  inhaeritaunce, 
whither  by  graunt,  by  pattent,  or  otherwise,  where  possession  is  had,  but 
such  titles  shallbe  left  free  to  be  heard  and  determined  by  due  course  of 
lawe. 

Provided,  and  it  is  hereby  declared,  that  nothing  in  this  graunt  shall 
extend  to  restrajne  any  civill  action,  or  revejw  for  former  civill  cawses, 
which  review  shall  be  brought  to  any  of  our  Courts  wth  in  one  yeere  now 
ensuing.  And  whereas  there  are  certajne  debts  and  imposts  due  to  the 
inhabitants  of  Kitterje  and  Accomenticus,  and  some  debts  which  are  owing 
from  them  to  pticular  persons  for  publicke  occasions,  itt  is  therefore 
ordered  and  agreed,  that  Mr  Niccolas  Shapleigh  shall  haue  power  forth- 
with to  collect  such  some  or  somes  of  money  as  are  due  to  the  aforesajd 
inhabitants,  and  pay  such  debts  as  are  justly  dew  from  them,  and  give  an 
accompt  thereof,  wth  in  one  month,  to  the  comissoners  that  shallbe  then 
in  present  being;  and  if  it  shall  then  appeare  that  there  is  not  sufficyent  to 
discharge  the  peoples  engagement,  it  shall  be  suppljed  by  way  of  rate,  accord- 
ing to  the   former  custome. 

SYMON    BRADSTREET, 
THO:  WIGGIN, 
SAMUELL  SYMONDS. 
BRJAN   PENDLETON. 


Honorable  Willis  Y.  Patch  has  recently  presented  the  Bangor 
Public  Library  with  some  valuable  old  pamphlets,  including'  the 
Official  Proceedings  of  the  National  Democratic  Conventions  of 
1876  and  1892;  Report  of  the  decision  of  the  U.  S.  Supreme  Court 
in  the  Dred  Scot  case,  1857 ;  Story's  Address  on  Chief  Justice  Mar- 
shall ;  "The  Hale  report  shown  up  by  Governor  Garcelon  and  his 
Council,"  "Gov.  Sam  Houston's  Message  on  the  S.  C.  resolutions, 
i860;"  "Report  of  Commissioners  appointed  to  settle  with  the  sure- 
ties of  Benj.  D.  Peck,  late  treasurer  of  Maine,  i860,"  etc. 


BIRTHPLACE  OF  THE  STATE  OF   MAINE         169 

The  Birthplace  of  the  State 
of  Maine 

The  following  interesting  paper  was  written  and  read  by  Mrs. 
Edwin  A.  Richardson,  Past  Regent  of  Elizabeth  Wadsworth  Chap- 
ter, D.  A.  R.,  at  the  unveiling  of  the  tablet  placed  on  "The  Old 
Jameson  Tavern"  at  South  Freeport,  Sept.  1,  191 5,  by  the  Daughters 
of  the  American  Revolution  of  Maine. 

MAINE'S   INDEPENDENCE. 

Among-  all  the  interesting  old  houses  in  Maine  there  is  none  of  more 
importance,  from  an  historical  standpoint  than  the  old  tavern  at  Freeport  in 
which  were  signed  the  final  papers  separating  Maine  from  Massachusetts. 

Built  a  century  and  a  quarter  ago,  for  Dr.  John  Hyde  of  Freeport,  it  was 
his  home  for  many  years.  Later  it  passed  out  of  the  possession  of  the 
worthy  doctor's  descendants,  and  for  a  long  period  of  time  was  used  as  a 
puhlic  house.  At  the  time  of  the  Commissioners'  meeting  in  Freeport  it  was 
known  as  the  Jameson  Tavern,  later  it  became  the  Codman  Tavern,  and 
still  later  it  was  called  the  Elm  House. 

Following  this,  the  old  house  returned  to  its  original  standing,  and  be- 
came once  more  a  private  dwelling  house,  the  home  of  Charles  Cushing,  a 
prominent  ship  builder  of  the  town.  It  next  passed  into  the  possession  of 
the  present  owner,  Mrs.   Frank  R.  Kennedy  of  Portland,  Me. 

The  act  of  separation  which  was  finally  consummated  in  this  old  tavern,, 
took  place  on  the  15th  day  of  March,  1820,  and  on  that  date  Maine  became 
a  State  and  took  the  honored  place  that  was  rightfully  hers  in  the  Union. 

The  movement  for  the  separation  of  Maine  from  Massachusetts  began 
soon  after  the  Revolutionary  period,  and  the  matter  was  largely  agitated 
by  the  most  patriotic  men  of  the  district  at  intervals  for  a  period  of  over 
thirty  years.  Eminent  statesmen  devoted  much  time  and  energy  to  this 
end,  and  when  it  was  announced  that  the  papers  were  actually  signed 
which  constituted  Maine  a  free  and  independent  State,  great  enthusiasm 
was  manifested  by  those  who  advocated  the  movement. 

But  there  were  many  who  were  opposed  to  the  Province  of  Maine  becom- 
ing a  State  and  there  was  great  excitement  among  friends  on  both  sides  of 
the  question. 

Boston  most  strenuously  opposed  the  separation,  and  it  is  not  at  all 
surprising  that  this  was  true,  when  we  find  that  in  1819,  Maine  was  pay- 
ing nearly  $go,ooo  as  her  proportion  towards  the  support  of  the  Massachu- 
setts government,  and  a  new  valuation  to  be  taken  the  following  year 
would  increase  this   to  at  least  $120,000. 

This  was  a  greater  sum  than  supported  the  combined  governments  of 
Connecticut,  Vermont,  New  Hampshire  and  Rhode  Island,  and  while  this 
seemed  almost  incredible,  yet,  an  examination  of  the  certificates  of  the 
secretary  of  Massachusetts  and  statements  of  the  executives  of  the  several 


170      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


States  demonstrated  this  a  fact  and  proved  at  least  one  vital  reason  why 
Boston  influence  and  her  connections  were  unwilling  to  sanction  the  act  of 
separation.  A  statement  of  figures  showed  that  Maine  as  an  independent 
State  could  support  a  separate  government  on  at  least  $12,000  less  than 
was  being  contributed  towards  the  expenses  of  Massachusetts  annually. 

A  strong  argument  was  waged  at  this  time  which  appealed  to  the  common 
sense  of  Maine  citizens.  Boston  and  the  state  of  Massachusetts  in  general 
said  that  they  were  unfit  for  self  government;  the  Bostonians  in  particular 
felt  that  the  interests  of  Maine  were  better  known  to  them  than  to  the  people 
residing  in  the  province. 

This  was,  however,  but  a  repetition  of  earlier  history.  The  same  con- 
temptible method  was  adopted  by  a  host  of  others  when  our  fathers  strug- 
gled for  their  independence. 

It  was  quoted  that  if  our  connections  with  England  were  severed,  the 
States  were  ruined,  for,  deprived  of  the  protection  and  care  of  the  mother 
country,  they  could  not  stand  by  themselves.  But  the  connection  was  dis- 
solved and  the  result  was,  prosperity  and  happiness.  Our  Country  became 
known  and  respected,  and  commands  attention   from  all  nations. 

This  old  tavern  was  one  of  the  favorite  stopping  places  for  the  big 
stages  that  journeyed  between  the  eastern  part  of  the  province  of  Maine 
and  Massachusetts.  It  was  chosen  by  the  commissioners  for  their  meeting 
because  it  was  a  convenient  location,  while  its  reputation  of  serving  the 
best  food  and  the  best  New  England  rum  of  any  tavern  on  the  old 
Boston  and  Maine  highway,  may  not  have  been  overlooked  by  the  commis- 
sioners when  they  ratified  the  act  of  separation. 

The  representatives  of  both  Maine  and  Massachusetts  were  in  session 
here  for  nearly  three  weeks,  and  included  Timothy  Bigelow  of  Groton, 
Mass.,  Levi  Lincoln  of  Worcester,  Mass.,  Benjamin  Porter  of  Topsham, 
Maine,  and  James  Bridge  of  Augusta,  Maine.  These  four  chose  Silas 
Bolton  of  Boston,  Mass.,  and  Lathrop  Lewis  of  Gorham,  Maine,  to  complete 
the  board. 

Some  time  previous  to  this  negotiations  were  commenced  by  the  three 
commissioners  from  Maine.  Joined  by  David  Rose  of  the  Senate,  and  Nich- 
olas Emery  of  the  House,  they  proceeded  to  Boston  and  were  there  met  by 
the  Massachusetts  commissioners. 

Some  time  was  taken  by  this  board,  and  meetings  were  held  at  several 
towns  and  cities  in  Massachusetts  without  any  definite  settlement.  Then  a 
meeting  of  this  board  was  held  in  Freeport,  and  in  the  end  it  was  settled 
that  Maine  should  give  Massachusetts  $180,000  for  her  possessions  of  public 
lands  in  the  State.  Of  this  amount  $30,000  was  in  Indian  claims,  which 
Maine  assumed,  while  the  remaining  sum  of  $150,000  was  to  be  paid  in  forty 
years  at  five  per  cent,  interest.  Those  were  indeed  wise  men  who,  upon 
that  15th  day  of  March,  1820,  sat  in  state  in  the  north-east  chamber  of 
this  old  tavern. 

They  looked  well  into  the  future,  and  most  carefully  and  conscientiously 
did  they  weigh  the  matter  that  was  left  to  their  decision.  Nearly  a  century 
of  time  has  passed,  yet  each  passing  year  does  but  strengthen  the  feeling  in 
the  hearts  of  Maine's  sons  and  daughters  that  no  mistake  was  made  when 
those  worthy  men  placed  their  signatures  to  the  important  documents  which 
gave  to  Maine  her  independence. 


BIRTHPLACE  OF  THE   STATE  OF   MAINE         171 

From  the  foregoing  the  reader  might,  however,  form  an  impression 
that  when  Maine  became  a  State  in  1820  she  then  purchased  of 
Massachusetts  all  of  "her  possssions  of  public  lands  in  the  state." 
This  is  not  true.  In  the  first  paragraph  of  Section  1,  of  the  Act  of 
Separation  approved  by  the  Governor  of  Massachusetts,  June  19, 
1819,  is  this  provision: 

All  the  lands  and  buildings  belonging  to  the  Commonwealth,  within 
Massachusetts  Proper,  shall  continue  to  belong  to  said  Commonwealth ;  and 
all  the  lands  belonging  to  the  Commonwealth,  within  the  District  of 
Maine,  shall  belong,  the  one  half  thereof,  to  the  said  Commonwealth,  and  the 
other  half  thereof,  to  the  State  to  be  formed  within  the  said  District,  to  be 
divided  as  is  hereinafter  mentioned;  and  the  lands  within  the  said  District, 
which  shall  belong  to  the  said  Commonwealth,  shall  be  free  from  taxation, 
while  the  title  to  the  said  lands  remains  in  the  Commonwealth. 

The  title  to  the  public  lands  remained  jointly  in  the  two  states  until 
1853  when  the  Maine  Legislature  passed  the  following  resolve: 

Resolved :  That  the  land  agent  proceed  without  delay  to  Boston,  for  the 
purpose  of  ascertaining  from  the  authorities  of  Massachusetts,  the  term.-; 
on  which  that  state  will  sell  or  surrender  to  Maine,  all  her  interests  in 
the  lands  in  this  state.  Also  upon  what  terms  Massachusetts  will  sell  to 
Maine  her  interest  in  the  lands  known  and  denominated  as  settling  lands, 
independently  of  the  timber  lands,  and  report  to  the  legislature  as  soon  as 
may  be. 

(Approved  Feb.  22,  1853) 

By  a  resolve  approved  March  31,  1853,  the  Legislature  was  directed 
to  choose  by  ballot  three  commissioners  to  make  negotiations  with 
Massachusetts  for  the  purchase  of  these  lands  The  commissioners 
for  Maine  were  Reuel  Williams,  Wm.  P.  Fesseneden  and  Elijah  L. 
Hamlin,  and  on  the  part  of  the  Commonwealth  were  E.  M.  Wright. 
Jacob  H.  Loud  and  David  Wilder. 

An  extra  session  of  the  Legislature  was  held  September  20,  1853, 
at  which  time  the  report  of  the  joint  commission  was  received  and 
accepted  and  their  acts  ratified  and  confirmed  by  a  resolve  approved 
September  28,  1853. 


172      SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL   OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


The  Sebec  Centennial 

Editor's  Note :  The  town  of  Sebec  in  Piscataquis  county,  Maine,  cele- 
brated its  Centennial  Anniversary,  August  24,  1912.  The  following  was 
written  at  the  time  by  G.  Smith  Stanton  of  New  York,  whose  summer 
home  has  for  many  years  been  on  the  shore  of  Sebec  Lake,  and  has  never 
before  been  published. 

Mr.  Stanton  is  himself  an  author  and  wrote  one  of  the  most  delightful 
Maine  books  that  we  know  of,  entitled :  "Where  The  Sportsman  Loves 
to  Linger." 


In  the  Maine  woods  150  miles  northeast  of  Portland  at  the  foot 
of  Sebec  Lake  is  the  little  town  of  Sebec.  It  first  saw  the  light  ofv 
day  100  years  ago. 

On  August  24,  Sebec  celebrated  its  one  hundredth  anniversary. 
Away  from  the  railroad  the  little  picturesque  hamlet  rests  among 
the  hills  of  Maine.  Thousands  of  logs  pass  annually  through  it  on 
their  way  to  the  mills.  The  only  street  passes  down  one  side  of  a 
mountain  across  a  concrete  bridge  and  up  the  side  of  another  moun- 
tain. Along  each  side  of  this  wide  street  are  stately  elms  back  of 
which  are  large  old  fashioned  houses  painted  white  with  green 
blinds.  Most  inviting  are  the  homes  of  its  250  inhabitants.  Three 
great  epochs  have  worked  the  history  of  Sebec.  When  it  was  incor- 
porated 100  years  ago ;  when  it  celebrated  its  50th  birthday ;  and  its 
century  of  yesterday.  100  years  ago  the  Pine  Tree  State  was  dense 
woods  from  the  ocean  to  the  Canadian  line  and  beyond.  The  only 
communication  over  it  was  the  spotted  trail.  Sebec  was  on  the 
spotted  trail  from  Portland.  Along  these  trails  the  trapper  packed 
his  furs.  A  spotted  trail  was  simply  a  path  about  two  feet  wide 
through  the  dense  wood.  "Spotted"  means  that  a  strip  of  bark  on 
the  side  of  the  trees  next  to  the  path  is  sliced  off.1  Along  the  trail 
from  Sebec  to  Portland  was  an  occasional  clearing,  a  hamlet  or  a 
farm.  Those  who  incorporated  Sebec  100  years  ago  were  the  typical 
frontiersmen,  farmers,  trappers  and  hunters  often  dressed  in  skins. 

The  first  half  century  of  Sebec's  existence  was  the  daily  life  of 
the  usual  frontier  town.  During  that  half  century  the  virgin  forest, 
in  spots  gave  way  to  the  lumberman  and  the  farmer.  The  outlet 
from  the  lake  gives  Sebec  a  splendid  water  power.  In  its  early  his- 
tory large  buildings  were  erected  and  wood  and  wool  became  the 
main  industry.     On  account  of  Sebec's  inaccessibility,  its  industries 


C)     Sometimes  called  a  "blazed  trail." 


THE    SEBEC    CENTENNIAL  173 

were  unable  to  compete  and  one  could  see  yesterday  the  deserted 
buildings  of  those  early  days  through  decay  ready  to  slide  into  the 
river,  and  whose  window  panes  had  evidently  been  targets  for  the 
boys.  In  the  interests  of  a  lumber  company  fortune  so  arranged 
it  that  I  was  in  Sebec  50  years  ago  when  they  celebrated  the  second 
epoch  in  its  history  and  I  have  in  my  possession  a  daguerreotype  of 
that  event. 

As  I  sat  on  the  piazza  of  the  hotel  at  Sebec  last  Saturday  and  saw 
the  crowd  coming  down  the  lake  in  steam  and  motor  boats  and  over 
the  smooth  gravel  roads  in  top  buggies,  surreys  and  automobiles,  I 
could  not  help  but  compare  the  transformation  with  that  of  50  years 
ago.  Half  a  century  ago  they  came  down  the  lake  in  birch  bark 
canoes  and  rafts.  Oxen  yoked  to  wagons  bounced  their  occupants 
over  woods-roads  that  once  were  the  spotted  trails.  50  years  ago 
the  farmer,  his  wife  and  children,  were  dressed  in  "home  spun," 
and  leather  boots  and  shoes  made  at  home.  Fortunate  were  they 
who  had  a  hat.  As  I  remember  the  gathering  simplicity  and  virtue 
were  there.  Yesterday  the  descendants  of  these  farmers,  the  youths, 
passed  by  in  automoblies,  the  female  contingent  dressed  as  stylishly 
as  their  city  sisters,  and  singing,  instead  of  the  good  old  songs  of 
their  mothers,  "Everybodys  Doing  It." 

The  record  of  August  24,  1812,  shows  that  the  sun  shone  brightly 
on  Sebec  and  the  placid  waters  of  the  lake  rolled  smoothly  to  the 
sea  ;  the  same  conditions  prevailed  on  its  one  hundredth  anniversary 
and  1912  was  a  counterpart. 

Twelve  o'clock  was  the  hour  set  to  begin  the  celebration  and  like 
all  Avell  regulated  celebrations  the  show  began  with  a  feast.  Any- 
body who  knows  anything  about  the  human  organization  is  aware 
of  the  fact  that  if  you  want  to  start  right  and  get  him  or  her  in  a 
happy  frame  of  mind  first  satisfy  the  stomach.  With  Taylor's  band 
of  Dover-Foxcroft  in  the  lead  the  hungry  horde  started  up  the  hill 
for  a  large  tent.  What  a  representative  assembly  was  there.  How 
fortunate  it  is  for  Sebec  that  its  birthday  comes  in  August.  Then 
the  150  cottages  that  line  the  historic  shores  of  the  lake  are  occupied 
and  the  hotels  at  the  head  and  foot  of  the  lake  are  full.  Down  the 
lake  in  steamboats,  motorboats,  sail-boats,  canoes  and  row-boats 
came  the  crowd.  All  roads  and  autos  led  to  Sebec.  Under  that 
tent  not  only  every  state  but  every  city  east  of  the  Alleganies  was 
represented.  The  school  marms  of  Piscataquis  county,  who  had  had 
experience  during  the  summer  at  the  hotels  along  the  coast  line,  took 
charge  of  the  culinary  department.     Delmonico's  and  the  Waldorf 


174      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 

were  not  in  it.  At  two  o'clock  the  oratorical  lights  had  the  center 
of  the  stage.  As  I  listened  to  the  illuminating  and  interesting  efforts 
of  the  local  talent  I  could  not  help  but  think  what  an  opportunity 
and  subject  was  there  for  such  a  brainy  orator  as  a  Bourke  Cochran. 
How  Bourke  could  and  would  have  soared.  He  would  likely  have 
passed  out  of  the  solar  system  into  some  other  celestial  sphere. 

Having  often  seen  the  New  York  Giants  play  the  great  American 
game  I  lost  interest  in  the  ball  game  and  visited  the  school  house 
wherein  contained  a  sample  of  the  ancient  implements  of  our  fore- 
fathers and  mothers.  A  most  interesting  collection  was  it  all. 
Six  o'clock  had  arrived.  In  the  public  square  the  band  was  playing 
patriotic  airs,  preparatory  to  starting  again  up  the  hill  for  feast 
number  two.  Again  the  school  teachers  showed  their  skill  in  domes- 
tic science.  Again  everybody  left  the  tent  satisfied  and  happy. 
After  the  fire- works  the  next  event  was  the  dance,  and  it  was  to 
commence  at  "eight  sharp."  Sebec  reads  its  Bible  and  believes 
therein,  therefore  everybody  knew  that  at  12  o'clock  the  curtain 
would  be  rung  down  on  the  festivities.  Young  couples,  who  on 
account  of  the  rush,  were  unable  to  dance  wandered  off  in  the  moon- 
light to  some  shady  nook  and  breathed  those  soft  palpitating  words 
that  eventually  lead  to  the  perpetuity  of  the  race.  Everybody 
anxiously  looked  forward  to  the  last  number  on  the  card,  "The 
Virginia  Reel  by  the  old  settlers  of  Sebec."  At  11.30  the  floor  was 
cleared.  Entering  from  one  of  the  side  room  to  the  center  of  the 
hall  came  marching  along  eight  ladies  whose  ages  averaged  76, 
escorting  them  were  eight  men  whose  ages  averaged  79.  The  old- 
est of  all  was  "old  man  Loud."  Mr.  Loud  was  93  and  was  as  frisky 
as  any  of  the  dancers.  No  one  would  have  believed  that  he  was 
the  same  Loud  who  75  years  ago,  with  his  rifle  in  one  hand  and 
skins  in  the  other,  was  sneaking  on  his  moccasins  along  the  spotted 
trail  to  Portland  expecting  every  minute  to  meet  an  Indian  or  a 
wild  animal. 

The  "caller  off"  mounted  the  platform  and  the  band  started  that 
old  familiar  air  that  no  one  can  forget  and  the  great  event  of  the 
celebration  was  on.  Windows  were  smashed,  "boards  torn  off  to 
see  the  sight  that  no  one  ever  expected  to  see  again.  The  applause 
endangered  the  building.  Thrown  bouquets  interfered  with  the 
movements  of  the  dancers,  but  the  dance  continued  and  the  "band 
played  on."  While  the  enjoyment  was  at  its  height  the  bell  in  the 
little  white  church  on  the  hillside  was  tolling  the  midnight  hour. 


THE    SEBEC    CENTENNIAL  175 

The  "caller  off"  gave  orders  to  slow  down,  and  the  most  interesting 
event  of  the  day  or  in  fact  for  many  a  day  gone  by  or  to  come, 
became  a  memory.  Soon  the  crowd  dispersed.  Down  between  the 
tall  elms  I  strolled  and  as  I  saw  the  waters  of  the  lake  pass  over 
the  falls  and  down  the  moonlit  outlet  to  the  sea  I  realized  that  I  was 
witnessing  a  similar  scene  to  that  of  one  hundred  years  ago. 

At  the  Sebec  Centennial,  Honorable  Charles  J.  Chase  of  Sebec, 
presided. 

Historical  addresses  were  delivered  by  Stacy  Lampher  of  Sebec, 
and  John  Francis  Sprague,  President  of  the  Piscataquis  Historical 
Socity,  of  Dover. 

Honorable  Wainwright  dishing  read  a  paper  on  "Sebec  in  the 
Civil  War."  Other  speakers  were  Charles  W.  Hayes  of  Foxcroft, 
Calvin  W.  Brown  of  Dover  and  Martin  L.  Durgin  of  Milo. 


"Maine  in  History  and  Romance"  is  one  of  the  most  valuable  and 
attractive  books  ever  published  on  Maine  historical  subjects.  This 
work  of  240  pages  well  bound  and  beautifully  illustrated,  has  just 
been  issued  from  the  press  of  the  Lewiston  Journal  Company,  and 
is  the  production  of  the  members  of  the  Maine  Federation  of 
Women's  Clubs,  and  is  the  first  book  ever  published  by  a  federation 
of  women's  clubs  in  the  United  States. 

It  originated  through  the  publication  of  a  series  of  articles  in 
competition  for  prizes  offered  by  the  Lewiston  Journal.  It  is  an 
honor  alike  to  the  Federation  and  the  Publishers.  Every  son  and 
daughter  of  the  Pine  Tree  State  should  be  proud  of  it  and  give  it  a 
cordial  welcome. 

Every  article  shows  wonderfully  thorough  historical  research,  and 
so  far  as  we  have  been  able  to  examine  and  compare  them  with  the 
history  of  Maine,  they  are  substantially  accurate  in  statement. 

The  Federation  is  assuredly  entitled  to  state  wide  congratulation 
for  having  made  such  an  interesting  and  valuable  contribution  to 
the  highest  grade  of  Maine  literature.  It  is  in  advance  of  all  others, 
for  no  Maine  author  has  ever  undertaken  anything  like  it.  It  is  in 
advance  of  the  school  officers  and  teachers  and  everybody  else,  and 
has  set  a  pace  for  all  to  follow. 


i/C      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF  MAINE   HISTORY 


The  Towne  Family  in  Piscataquis 
County  and  the  Salem  Witchcraft 

Read  before  the  Piscataquis  Historical  Society  October  2,  1913, 

By  John  Francis  Sprague 

The  name  of  Towne,  or  Town  and  Towns,  as  it  is  sometimes 
spelled,  may  be  found  occasionally  in  nearly  all  communities  of 
Anglo-Saxon  derivation.  The  earliest  record  of  this  family  sur- 
name that  has  been  found  is  A.  D.  1274,  when  William  de  la  Towne, 
of  Avely,  a  village  in  Shropshire,  England,  about  twenty  miles 
southeast  of  Shrewsbury,  was,  at  that  time,  engaged  in  the  prose- 
cution of  an  action  at  law  against  one  of  the  officers  of  the  parish, 
and  the  year  following  was  on  a  jury  at  Astley.1 

Nothing  else  appears  relative  to  this  name  until  about  one  hundred 
and  thirty  or  forty  years  later,  in  the  reign  of  Henry  IV,  when 
the  arms  of  a  family  of  this  name  were  impaled  upon  the  windows 
of  the  church  in  Kennington,  Kent  County.  Thomas  Towne  was  an 
important  personage  at  about  that  time  and  possessed  much  land 
about  Charing.  The  first  known  of  the  name  in  America  is  1635, 
when  William  Towne  settled  in  Cambridge.  The  ancestry  of  the 
Piscataquis  Townes  begins  with : 

William  Towne,  b.  in  England  in  1600,  and  who  emgrated  to  America  with 
his  wife  Joanna  (Blessing)  Towne  and  five  or  six  children  and  finally  took 
np  their  residence  in  Salem. 

The  exact  date  of  their  arrival  in  America  is  not  known,  except 
that  it  was  as  early  as  1635.    Their  children  were : 

i.        Rebecca,     bapt.  February  21,  1621.     m.  Francis  Nourse,  of  Salem,  who 

d.  November  22,  1695. 
ii.        John.     bapt.  February  16,  1624.     Never  m. 
iii.       Susannah,     bapt.  October  20,  1625.     Never  m. 
iv.       Edmund,     bapt.   June   28,   1628. 
v.       Jacob,    bapt.  March  11,  1632. 
vi.       Mary.     bapt.  August  24,   1634.     m.  Isaac  Estey. 
vii.      Sarah,     bapt.  September  3,   1648      m.,  first,  Edmund  Bridges,  January 

II,  1660;  second,  Peter  Cloyes. 
viii.     Joseph,     b.  1630.     bapt.  September  3,  1648. 


C)     The  descendants  of  William  Towne  by  Edwin  Eugene  Towne  (1901) 
P-  5- 


THE   TOWNE   FAMILY  177 

Edmund,  son  of  William,  was  one  of  a  committee  from  the  town 
of  Topsfield.  who  in  1675  (during  King  Philip's  war)  presented  a 
petition  to  the  General  Court  for  leave  to  form  military  companies 
to  protect  the  people  from  the  Indians  while  at  their  work. 

Thomas  Towne  who  was  the  ancestor  of  the  Piscataquis  Townes 
was  the  fifth  generation  from  William  Towne  and  was  born  at 
Topsfield,  Mass.,  February  8,  1743.  He  first  married  Elizabeth 
Towne  of  Thompson,  Conn.  She  lived  but  a  short  time  after  her 
marriage,  and  for  a  second  wife  he  married  Sarah  Burton  of  Wilton, 
N.  H.  He  was  the  father  of  a  family  of  thirteen  children ;  the  first, 
Sarah,  born  in  1775,  and  the  last,  Mary,  born  March  4,  1790. 

He  was  one  of  the  early  settlers  of  Wilton,  N.  H.,  which  was 
incorporated  in  1762,  but  in  the  year  1778  or  1779  he  changed  his 
residence  to  Temple  in  the  same  state,  where  he  resided  until  he 
cime  to  Maine  in  1802;  except  he  possibly  may  have  lived  for  a 
short  time  in  Lyndeborough. 

He  served  in  the  Continental  Army  in  Capt.  Benjamin  Taylors' 
Company  of  Militia,  which  marched  from  Amherst,  N.  H.,  Decem- 
ber 8,  1775,  to  join  the  army  at  Winter  Hill,  and  served  until  after 
the  evacuation  of  Boston. 

His  next  enlistment  was  in  Capt.  John  Goss'  company,  Nichols' 
regiment  and  Gen.  Stark's  brigade  with  the  Northern  Department. 
He  enlisted  July  20,  1777,  and  was  in  the  service  at  this  time  two 
months  and  eight  days,  receiving  his  discharge  September  27,  1777. 
He  was  one  of  those  patriots  who  won  enduring  fame  and  glory  at 
the  battle  of  Bennington,  on  August  16,  1777,  and  who  assisted  Gen. 
Stark  in  winning  for  his  services  the  just  recognition  of  merit  so 
long  deferred.2 

Loring  states  that  "to  Eli  Towne  belongs  the  honor  of  being  the 
first  permanent  settler  of  Dover,  Maine,  but  his  father  and  brother 
Moses  preceded  him  in  the  first  steps  toward  it."3  There  may,  how- 
ever, be  some  question  as  to  whether  he  was  really  the  first  settler. 

Abel  Blood  felled  the  first  trees  and  made  the  first  opening  as 
early  as  1799,  and  possibly  in  the  year  1798,  on  the  present  site  of 
East  Dover  Village.  He  received  a  deed  of  600  acres  of  land  from 
Robert  Hollowell  and  Tohn  Lowell. 


(2)      Sketches  of   Revolutionary  Soldiers  by   Edgar  Crosby  Smith  in  Pis- 
cataquis Historical  Society  Collegtions,  Vol.  1,  P.  201. 
(")     Lorings'  History  of  Piscataquis  County,   P.  39. 


;78      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


Loring  also  says  that  Eli  Towne  felled  an  opening  on  this  lot 
in  1801  and  "spent  the  summer  of  1802  raising  a  crop  on  it  and 
enlarging  the  opening."  There  is  no  evidence  that  Abel  Blood  aban- 
doned this  place  between  1799  and  1800,  hence  there  is  quite  a  rea- 
sonable presumption  that  he  lived  and  had  a  home  there  until  Eli 
Towne  came  in  1801. 

When  that  strange  and  awful  delusion  led  by  Cotton  Mather 
and  his  cruel  and  blood  thristy  associates  swept  over  Puritan 
New  England,  in  the  last  days  of  the  Seventeenth  Century,  known 
hi  history  as  the  "Salem  Witchcraft,"  two  of  the  unfortunate  victims 
were  daughters  of  William  and  Joanna  Blessing  Towne.  They 
were  Rebecca,  the  wife  of  Francis  Nourse,  and  Mary,  the  wife  of 
Isaac  Estey. 

The  first  of  these  sufferers  to  be  brought  before  the  magistrates 
in  the  meeting  house,  on  the  twenty-fourth  of  March,  1692,  was 
Rebecca,  the  wife  of  Francis  Nourse.  Rev.  Mr.  Hale,  the  minister 
of  Beverly,  opened  the  court  with  prayer,  after  which  the  accusations 
were  read,  all  of  which  she  denied,  earnestly  asserting  her  innocence 
of  anything  wrong;  but,  notwithstanding,  she  was  committed  to 
prison,  where  she  remained  till  June  30,  when  she  was  tried,  con- 
victed, and  executed  July  19.  At  this  execution  the  Rev.  Mr.  Noyes 
tried  to  persuade  a  Mrs.  Good  to  confess,  by  telling  her  she  was  a 
witch  and  that  she  knew  it,  to  which  she  replied,  "You  are  a  liar. 
I  am  no  more  a  witch  than  you  are,  and  if  you  take  my  life  God  will 
give  you  blood  to  drink."  Tradition  says  the  curse  of  this  poor 
woman  was  verified,  and  that  Mr.  Noyes  was  actually  choked  to 
death  with  his  own  blood.  After  the  condemnation  of  Rebecca, 
the  governor  saw  cause  to  grant  a  reprieve,  which,  when  known  to 
her  accusers,  they  renewed  their  outcries  against  her  inasmuch  that 
the  governor  was  prevailed  upon  by  Salem  gentlemen  (said  to  be  a 
committee  whose  business  it  was  to  carry  on  prosecutions)  to  recall 
the  reprieve,  and  she  was  executed  with  the  rest. 

The  communion  day  previous  to  her  execution,  she  was  taken  in 
chains  to  the  meeting  house  and  there  formally  excommunicated  by 
her  minister,  Mr.  Noyes.  But  it  is  recorded  that  "her  life  and 
conversation  had  been  such  that  the  remembrance  thereof  in  a  short 
time  after  wiped  off  all  the  reproach  by  the  civil  and  ecclesiastical 
sentence  against  her,"  and  in  1712  the  church  to  which  she  belonged 
reversed  its  censure  by  blotting  out  this  record. 

The  other  daughter  of  William  Towne  who  suffered  on  the 
scaffold  in  this  perilous  time  was  Mary,  the  wife  of  Isaac  Estey. 


THE   TOWNE   FAMILY  179 


She  was  arrested  April  22,  tried  September  9,  and  executed  Septem- 
ber 22,  and  during  the  five  months  that  she  was  in  prison  her 
husband  came  from  Topsfield  twice  every  week  to  render  his  injured 
but  deserving  companion  the  trifling  comfort  his  means  would  allow. 
Before  their  execution  both  sisters  sent  a  petition  to  the  court. 
The  one  sent  by  Mary  follows,  which  will  be  read  with  unqualified 
admiration  by  every  one  who  has  sympathy  for  those  in  trouble.  A 
recent  writer  says : 

Mary  Estey  was  a  woman  of  great  strength  of  mind  and  sweetness  of 
disposition.  After  her  condemnation  she  sent  a  petition  to  the  court,  which, 
as  an  exhibition  of  the  noblest  fortitude,  united  with  sweetness  of  temper, 
dignity,  and  resignation,  as  well  as  of  calmness  toward  those  who  had 
selected  so  many  from  her  family  is  rarely,  if  ever  equaled.  When  it  is 
remembered  that  confession  of  sin  or  crime  (or  whatever  it  may  be  called; 
was  the  sure  and  only  means  of  obtaining  favor  of  the  court,  this  petition 
must  be  regarded  as  a  most  affecting  appeal  by  an  humble  and  feeble  woman, 
about  to  lay  down  her  life  in  the  cause  of  truth  and  who,  as  a  wife  and 
mother  in  circumstances  of  terrible  trial,  uttered  no  word  of  complaint,  but 
met  her  fate  with  a  calmness  and  resignation  which  excites  the  wonder  of 
all  who  read  her  story. 

THE    PETITION. 

To  the  honorable  judge  and  bench  now  sitting  in  Salem,  and  the  Rev. 
Ministers,  this  petition  showeth  that  your  humble,  poor  petitioner,  being 
condemned  to  die,  doth  humbly  beg  of  you  to  take  it  into  your  judicious 
and  pious  consideration  that  your  petitioner,  knowing  my  innocence,  and 
blessed  be  the  Lord  for  it,  and  seeing  the  wiles  and  subtlety  of  my  accusers, 
by  myself  cannot  but  judge  charitably  of  others  who  are  going  the  same 
way  as  myself,  if  the  Lord  step  not  mightily  in.  I  was  confined  a  whole 
month  on  the  same  account  that  I  am  now  condemned,  and  then  cleared,  as 
your  honors  know,  and  in  two  days'  time  I  was  cried  out  upon  again  and 
have  been  confined,  and  am  now  condemned  to  die.  The  Lord  above  knows 
my  innocence  then,  and  likewise  does  now,  as  at  the  great  day  will  hi 
known  by  men  and  angels.  I  petition  to  your  honors  not  for  my  own  life, 
for  I  know  I  must  die,  and  the  appointed  time  is  set,  but  if  it  be  possible, 
that  no  more  innocent  blood  be  shed,  which  undoubtedly  cannot  be  avoided 
in  the  way  and  course  you  go  in. 

I  question  not  but  your  honors  do  to  the  utmost  of  your  powers  in  the 
discovery  and  detection  of  witchcraft  and  witches  and  would  not  be  guilty 
of  innocent  blood  for  the  world,  but  by  my  own  innocence,  I  know  you  arc 
in  the  wrong  way.  The  Lord  in  his  infinite  mercy  direct  you  in  this  great 
work,  that  innocent  blood  be  not  shed.  I  humbly  beg  of  your  honors  that 
you  would  be  pleased  to  examine  some  of  those  afflicted  persons  and  keep 
them  a  part  sometime,  and  likewise  try  some  of  those  confessing  witches, 
I  being  confident  several  of  them  have  belied  themselves  and  others,  as 
will  appear,  if  not  in  this  world,  in  the  world  to  come,  whither  I  am  going 


i8o      SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


and  I  question  not  but  your  honors  will  see  an  alteration  in  these  things. 
They  say  myself  and  others  have  made  a  league  with  the  devil.  We  cannot 
confess. 

I  know  and  the  Lord  knows,  as  will  shortly  appear,  that  they  belie  me, 
and  I  question  not  but  they  do  others.  The  Lord  above  knows,  who  is  the 
searcher  of  all  hearts,  as  I  shall  answer  at  the  tribunal  seat,  that  I  know 
not  the  least  thing  of  witchcraft,  therefore  I  cannot,  I  dare  not  belie  my 
own  soul.  I  beg  your  honors  not  to  deny  this  my  humble  petition  from  a 
poor,  dying,  and  innocent  person,  and  I  question  not  but  the  Lord  will  give  a 
blessing  on  your  endeavors. 

MARY  ESTEY. 

The  parting  scene  between  this  excellent  woman  and  her  husband, 
children,  and  friends  was,  as  is  reported  by  those  present,  as  serious, 
religious,  and  affectionate  as  could  well  be  witnessed,  drawing  tears 
from  the  eyes  of  all  present.  To  complete  this  awful  tragedy,  Rev. 
Mr.  Noyes  alluded  to  her  body  in  connection  with  others  as  they 
hung  upon  the  gallows  as  "fire  brands  of  hell."4 

(4)  The  desecendants  of  William  Towne  by  Edwin  Eugene  Towne  (1901) 
p.  19. 


William  E.  Leland  of  Sangerville,  Maine,  died  at  his  home  in 
Sangerville,  October  31,  191 5.  He  was  a  native  of  that  town  and 
his  age  was  47  years  at  the  time  of  his  death.  He  was  a  descendant 
of  Walter  Leland,  who  emigrated  from  Sherborn,  Massachusetts,  to 
Amestown,  now  Sangerville,  Maine.1  in  1809.  He  was  the  son  of 
Henry  L.  Leland,  who  in  his  life  time  was  at  one  time  a  well  known 
authority  on  agricultural  subjects  in  Maine.  He  was  an  extensive 
and  progressive  farmer  and  prominent  in  grange  matters  in  Piscata- 
quis county.  He  was  the  author  of  an  article  on  the  "Agriculture 
of  Sangerville,"  published  in  the  Sangerville  Centennial  number  of 
the  Journal.2 


C)     Vol.  2,  p.  108  of  the  Journal. 
O     lb.  p.  153- 


DAVID    BARKER    "THE  BURNS    OF    MAINE"       181 

David  Barker  "The  Burns  of  Maine" 

and  the  Barker  Family  of  Exeter 

and  Bangor,  Maine 

The  following  sketch  of  the  Barker  family  of  Exeter  and  Bangor, 
Maine,  is  taken  from  The  Bangor  Historical  Magazine,1  and  was 
written  by  its  editor,  the  late  Honorable  Joseph  W.  Porter. 

Nathaniel  Barker  was  the  son  of  Daniel  Barker,  born  in  Exeter, 
N.  H.  The  family  moved  to  Limerick,  Me.,  in  1776  and  from  thence 
to  what  is  now  Exeter,  Maine,  1803-8.  Nathaniel  Barker  married 
Sally,  daughter  of  Joseph  Pease,2  1806.  March  18,  1823,  Mr.  Barker 
came  to  Bangor  with  an  ox  team  and  load  of  wood  and  at  a  point 
near  Currier's  tannery  on  the  Levant  road  he  got  caught  and  fell 
under  the  sled  and  was  instantly  killed. 

The  story  of  the  struggles  of  the  widow  to  bring  up  her  family 
of  nine  children  has  been  familiar  wherever  the  Barker  family  are 
known,  and  their  reputation  is  widespread.  Mrs.  Barker  died  at  the 
old  homestead,  January  6,  1880,  aged  91.    Their  children  were: 

i.  NOAH,  b.  Nov.  14,  1807;  Representative,  Senator,  Land  Agent,  County 
Commissioner;  m.  Temperance  B.,  daughter  of  William  and  Rachel 
(Knapp)  Eddy,  of  Eddington,  Dec.  29,  1839.  She  was  born  Feb. 
9,  1S15.     He  d.  1888.     Four  children. 

ii.  MELINDA  H.,  b.  July,  1809;  m.  Thomas  J.  Hill  of  Exeter;  she  -3. 
188 — ;  eight  children. 

iii.  JULIA  B.,  b.  Mar.  12,  1811;  m.  Elijah  Crane,  of  Exeter.  He  d.  1878; 
she  d.  1882;  several  children,  all  d.  without  issue. 

iv.       SARAH   B..  b.   Sept.  30,   1812:   m.   Rev.  Eldridge  G.  Carpenter  about 
1836.      She   died   in    Newcastle:    no   children.      He   m.   again;    d.    at 
Houlton,  April  3,  1867,  aged  55. 
Me.,  178 — .  and  from  thence  to  Exeter,  Me.,   1808. 

v.  NATHANIEL,  b.  Nov.  27,  1814.  of  Exeter;  m.  Elvira  C.  Grinnell 
of  Exeter ;  six  children. 

vi.  DAVID,  b.  Sept.  1816,  of  Exeter;  m.  Susan  Chase  of  Belfast;  repre- 
sentative, 1873 ;  lawyer  and  poet ;   d.  1874.     Two  children. 

vii.     LEWIS,  b.  Feb.  18,  1818;  ,  Bangor. 

viii.  DANIEL,  b.  1820.  married  Lydia,  of  Joshua  Chamberlain,  of  Exeter. 
Resides  in  Bangor.     Three  children. 

ix.  MARK,  b.  Sept.,  1822:  married  Julia  A.  McCobb  of  Orrington,  she 
died  1882.     He  now  resides  in  Houlton.     Several  children  all  dead. 

x.       JOHN. 


(1)  The  Bangor  Historical  Magazine,  Vol.  6,  p.  77. 

(2)  Joseph  Pease  was  born  in  New  Market,  N.  H.,  moved  to  Parsonsfield, 


182      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


o^t^u^r^S  0~cV2£^ 


DAVID    BARKER   "THE  BURNS    OF   MAINE"       183 


LEWIS  BARKER. 

Born  Feb.  18,  1818.  Educated  in  the  schools  of  Exeter,  and  Foxcroft 
Academy.  School  master,  studied  law  with  Albert  G.  Jewett,  and  Kent  & 
Cutting.  Admitted  to  the  Bar,  1841,  and  settled  in  Stetson.  Removed  10 
Bangor  in  1871.  Eventually  his  firm  became  Barker,  Vose  &  Barker.  Hon. 
T.  W.  Vose,  and  his  son  Lewis-  A.  Barker  comprising  the  firm.  He  was  a 
Representative,  1864  and  1867.  Speaker,  1867;  Senator,  1865-1866;  Executive 
Councilor,  1880,  and  for  several  years  after.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Board  of  Health,  and  of  the  commission  to  enlarge  the  State  House. 
He  was  Past  Master  of  Pacific  Lodge  of  F.  A.  M.,  of  Exeter,  and  a  mem- 
ber of  Royal  Arch  Chapter,  and  St.  John's  Commandery  of  Knights  Tem- 
plar. He  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Col.  Francis  and  Elizabeth  (Was- 
son)  Hill  of  Exeter,  Aug.  2,  1846,  by  Rev.  Elbridge  G.  Carpenter.  Mrs. 
Barker  now  resides  in  Bangor.  Mr.  Barker,  died  Oct.  9,  1890,  his  death 
having  been  caused  by  a  runaway  horse,  near  his  own  house.  Mr.  Barker 
was  a  character  well  known  in  this  State  and  in  many  places  out  of  the 
State.  His  fame  as  an  advocate  and  a  political  speaker,  reached  far  beyond 
the  State  where  he  lived.  Their  children  were : 
i.        EVVIE,  b.  May  11,   1848.     She  was  a  woman  of  great  natural  ability. 

She  was  twice  married,  and  died  Nov.  3,  1872,  leaving  a  daughter, 
ii.  LEWIS  AMASA,  b.  Aug.  12,  1854.  He  attended  Union  College  at 
Schenectady,  N  .Y.,  and  the  Albany  Law  School.  He  commence;! 
the  practice  of  the  law  with  his  father,  and  later  of  the  firm  of 
Barker,  Vose  &  Barker.  He  was  a  young  man  of  fine  abilities  and 
good  legal  mind.  He  was  a  representative,  1887-89.  He  was  a  lead- 
ing man  in  the  order  of  Knights  of  Pythias,  and  held  its  highest 
office  in  this  State.  He  d.  in  Boston,  whither  he  had  gone  for 
medical  treatment,  Jan.  16,  i8go.  He  m.  Margaret,  daughter  of  the 
late  Aloses  L.  Appleton,  Oct.  14,  1875.  They  had  two  children,  a 
sou  Lewis  A.,  and  a   daughter. 

Some  of  the  descendants  of  Nathaniel  Barker  were  among  the 
most  prominent  men  of  Maine.  Among  them  his  seventh  son, 
Honorable  Lewis  Barker,  mentioned  in  the  foregoing  article,  was 
a  lawyer  of  note  and  attained  much  reputation  as  an  eloquent  stump 
speaker  in  the  ranks  of  the  Republican  party.  He  possessed  a  mag- 
netic personality  and  had  an  original  and  somewhat  picturesque 
style  of  oratory  which  attracted  the  masses. 

In  the  early  days  of  that  party  he  was  often  called  to  speak  not 
only  in  every  part  of  Maine  but  in  many  other  states  of  the  Union. 

Lewis  A.  Barker,  Jr.,  son  of  Lewis  A.  Barker,  mentioned  in  the 
same  article,  is  also  a  lawyer  who  was  born  in  Bangor  and  is  now 
residing  in  Boston,  Massachusetts.  He  attained  a  state  wide  repu- 
tation a  few  years  ago  when  he  was  associated  as  counsel  with  the 
late  Honorable  Josiah  Crosby,  in  obtaining  the  pardon  of  Stain  and 
Cromwell,  who  were  sentenced  to  life  imprisonment  for  the  murder 


184      SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE   HISTORY 

of  John  Wilson  Barron,  treasurer  of  the  Dexter  Savings  Bank,  and 
who  were  pardoned  by  Governor  Llewellyn  Powers. 

His  sixth  son,  David  Barker,  was  born  in  Exeter,  Maine,  Septem- 
ber 9,  1816,  and  died  September  14,  1874.  He  entered  the  pro- 
fession of  law  and  during  nearly  all  of  his  professional  life  practiced 
law  in  a  little  old  fashioned  law  office  at  Exeter  Corner,  which  still 
exists  and  a  picture  of  which  accompanies  this  sketch.  In  the  days 
of  the  old  stage  coaches  and  "tote"  teams  this  village  was  a  stage 
center  and  a  trading  place  of  importance.  Samuel  Cony,  afterwards 
Governor  of  Maine,  practiced  law  there  for  some  years  and  David 
was  for  a  time  a  student  in  his  office. 


The  home  of  David  Barker  at  Exeter  Corner,  Maine,  taken  in  1915. 


David  Barker  is,  however,  best  known  to  the  world  as  a  poet,, 
and  for  many  years  while  living,  enjoyed  the  honor  of  being  desig- 
nated in  the  press  and  among  the  people  of  his  state  both  as  the 
"Bard  of  Exeter"  and  "The  Burns  of  Maine."  And  his  poetical 
fame  brought  to  him  the  degree  of  A.  M.  from  Bowdoin  College. 

There  have  been  a  few  of  Maine's  writers  of  note  who  have 
beautifully  and  accurately  described  the  quaint  manners  and  cus- 
toms, the  language  and  sayings  and  the  rugged  life  of  our  sturdy 
ancestors,  who  were  the  pioneers  of  the  Pine  Tree  State.  Among 
such   were   Seba   Smith,   who   wrote  under  the  nom  de  plume  of 


DAVID    BARKER    "THE  BURNS    OF    MAINE"       185 

"Major  Jack  Downing"  and  acquired  much  reputation  and  popu- 
larity in  criticizing  President  Jackson's  administration ;  Holman 
Day,  Maine's  most  famous  author ;  and  George  Cleveland's  recent 
delightful  book  "Maine  in  Verse  and  Story"  may  properly  find  a 
place  in  this  class  of  Maine  literature.  But  none  have  ever  surpassed 
David  Barker  in  his  delineation  of  the  yankee  character  as  known  in 
Maine's  early  days.  His  poetry  flowed  from  a  heart  full  of  love  for 
all  humanity  especially  the  oppressed  in  every  clime  or  condition  in 
life.  Hence  in  the  anti  bellum  days  we  find  his  voice  mingling  with 
the  voices  of  Whittier,  Lowell,  Holmes,  Longfellow  and  other 
American  poets  of  that  day  in  a  protest  against  American  slavery. 

One  of  his  earliest  poems  referred  to  the  celebrated  fugitive  slave 
case  in  Massachusetts  entitled  "A  Few  Words  from  Maine  to  Massa- 
chusetts about  the  Burns  Case"  which  commenced  with  these  stir- 
ring lines : 

"Massachusetts,  God  forgive  her, 
She's  kneeling  'mong  the  rest, 
She  that  ought  to  have  clung  forever 
In  her  grand  old  eagle-nest." 

Is  water  running  in  your  veins? 

Have  ye  no  pluck  at  all ; 
What,  stand  and  see  a  gyve  put  on 

In   sight  of  Faneuil   Hall. 

For  many  a  long  and  tedious  year 

We've  heard  your  people  tell 
About  a  little  rise  of  land, 

Where  Joseph  Warren  fell. 

Oh,  brag  no  more  about  that  spot, 

Let  every  tongue  be  still. 
But  scratch  the  name  of  BUNKER  out, 

And  call  it  "Buncombe"  Hill. 

And  then  "To  John  Brown  In  Prison"  the  first  lines  of  which 
were: 

Stand   firm,   John  Brown,  till  your  fate  is  o'er, 

For  the  world,  with  an  anxious  eye, 
Looks  on  as  it  seldom  has  looked  before. 

While  the  hour  of  your  doom  draws  nigh — 

Stand  firm 

John  Brown, 

Stand   firm  ! 


186      SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

But  his  poetical  career  really  begun  when  about  the  year  1854  he 
sent  to  the  New  York  Evening  Post  the  following  stanzas  which 
were  published. 

MY  CHILD'S  ORIGIN. 

One  night,  as  old  Saint  Peter  slept, 

He  left  the  door  of  Heaven  ajar, 
When  through,  a  little  angel  crept, 

And  came  down  with  a  falling  star. 

One  summer,  as  the  blessed  beams 

Of  morn  approached,  my  blushing  bride 

Awakened  from  some  pleasing  dreams, 
And   found  that  angel  by  her  side. 

God  grant  but  this — I  ask  no  more — 

That  when  he  leaves  this  world  of  sin, 

He'll  wing  his  way  for  that  blest  shore, 
And  find  the  door  of  Heaven  again. 

The  lines  immediately  attracted  attention  and  were  copied  exten- 
sively into  the  newspaper  press  throughout  the  country.  Governor 
Andrew  of  Massachusetts,  was  so  impressed  by  them  that  he  carried 
them  with  him,  affirming  that  they  were  "the  sweetest  lines  he  ever 
read." 

Among  others  of  Barker's  productions  which  attracted  a  wide 
circle  of  admirers  were  "The  Old  Ship  of  State;"  "The  Under  Dog 
in  the  Fight ;"  "The  Covered  Bridge ;"  The  Empty  Sleeve ;"  etc. 
His  longest  poem  was  "My  First  Courtship"  and  his  biographer 
expresses  the  belief  that  this  "will  be  the  most  enduring."  This  is 
undoubtedly  true  for  in  it  appears  some  of  his  most  charming 
descriptions  of  the  folk  lore  of  olden  times  in  Maine,  and  all  through 
it  a  droll  humor  happily  mingles  with  pathos. 

"Old  Willey,"  one  of  his  patriotic  and  most  virile  songs  was  the 
story  of  a  common  laborer  at  Exeter  Corner  who  worked  at  odd 
jobs  to  earn  a  living  for  his  little  family. 

He  laid  the  wall,  and  he  sawed  the  wood 
For  me  and  others  in  the  neighborhood. 


One  day  to  my  village  two  men  rode  down — 
Yes,  they  came  over  from  Stetson  town. 


DAVID    BARKER    "THE  BURNS    OF   MAINE"       187 


One  was  named  Hill'1  and  the  other  Plaisted.4  They  were  enlisting 
officers  and  had  come  there  to  procure  volunteers  for  the  Union 
army.     When  they  rode  into  town 

This  Willey  and  I  were  standing  o'er 

(He  sawing  wood)   near  my  office  door. 
The  flag  of  the  Union  was  waving  to  the  breeze  and  a  crowd  were 
listening  to  the  eloquence  of  the  enlisting  officers  when 

A  neighbor  of  mine  was  standing  nigh, — 
With  his  traitor  lips  to  the  startled  air 
He  hissed  the  flag  that  was  floating  there. 


"This  Willey  and  I  were  standing  o'er 
(He  sawing  wood)  near  my  office  door" 

The  old  Barker  office  at  Exeter  Corner,  Maine,  as  it  appears  today. 


This  enraged  old  Willey  and  aroused  the  fire  of  patriotism  burn- 
ing in  his  heart,  and  he  swore  then  and  there  with  a  fearful  oath 


(")  General  John  A.  Hill  who  first  enlisted  as  Captain  of  Company  K, 
nth  Maine  Regiment  at  a  public  meeting  in  Stetson,  Maine. 

(4)  General  Harris  M.  Plaisted  who  first  enlisted  as  Lieutenant  Colonel 
of  the  nth  Maine  Regiment.  He  was  Attorney  General  of  Maine,  1873-5; 
Congressman  1875;  Governor  1881-2.  He  was  the  father  of  Honorable 
Frederick  W.  Plaisted  who  was  also  Governor  of  Maine,  1911-12. 


1 88      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

that  he  would  enlist  in  the  army  and  go  down  to  the  southland  and 
fight  the  traitors. 

And  he  did  enlist,  for  the  brave  old  soul, 
With  his  name  on  the  gallant  Plaisted's  roll, 
For  the  cast  of  a  die,  for  a  loss  or  gain, 
With  the  gory,  famed  old  nth  of  Maine. 

Old  Willey  was  a  brave  soldier  in  many  battles  and  survived  to 
return  home  maimed  and  feeble. 

With  his  folded  arms  he  lies  so  still 

In  a  cold,  sound  sleep  on  the  "Crowell  Hill". 

I  wish  I  knew  if  he  felt  the  least 

As  he  felt  when  our  Father's  flag  was  hissed ; 

For  he  slumbers  there  'neath  a  beetling  crag 

By  the  side  of  the  one  who  hissed  the  flag. 

A  sound,  and  well  defined  philosophy  of  life  runs  through  his 
verse,  for  instance,  in  "A  Solace  for  Dark  Hours :" 

Fear  not  the  man  of  wealth  and  birth, 

Securely  resting  in  his  seat, 
But  sooner  him,  who,  crushed  to  earth, 

Is  rising  to  his  feet. 

That  he  believed  fully  in  an  overruling  Providence  and  a  life 
beyond  death  is  evidenced  in  his  every  line,  but  his  religion  was 
for  all  humanity  as  is  especially  made  evident  in  "The  Covered 
Bridge"  and  other  poems. 

But  we  all  pass  over  on  equal  terms, 

For  the  Universal  toll, 
Is  the  outer  garb,  which  the  hand  of  God 

Has  flung  around  the  soul. 
Though  the  eye  is  dim,  and  the  bridge  is  dark, 

And  the  river  it  spans  is  wide, 
Yet  faith  points  through  to  a  shining  mount, 

That  looms  on  the  other  side. 

That  his  views  of  a  life  beyond  were  such  as  would  today  class 
him  with  those  known  as  "Spiritualists,"  may  be  adduced  from  his 
writings  and  especially  from  a  letter  written  to  his  brother  Lewis, 
July  7,  1874,  from  which  the  following  is  taken : 

I  shall  do  my  best  to  live  here  below  a  while  longer,  but  the  chances  look 
doubtful.      Should   we   not  meet   again,    do   what   you   think    best  with    the 


DAVID    BARKER    "THE  BURNS    OF    MAINE"       189 


songs  1  have  sung  here,  and  I  promise  you  one  from  beyond  at  the  earliest 
possible  hour,  and  from  a  harp  attuned  by  your  angel  daughter  Evvie,  if  I 
can  find  her  upon  the  same  plane  upon  which  I  am  permitted  to  enter, 
with  the  lingering  earth  stains  which  may  be  found  upon  me. 

One  of  the  most  charming  features  of  the  first  edition  of  Barker's 
Poems  is  a  letter  in  rhyme  in  the  Scotch  dialect,  written  and  sent  to 
him  some  years  before  his  death,  by  Edward  Wiggin,  Jr.,  of  Fort 
Fairfield,  Maine,  entitled  "Epistle  to  Davie."  Although  when 
written  it  was  only  intended  for  the  perusal  of  the  author  of  "My 
Child's  Origin,"  yet  it  is  of  itself  a  sweet  song  and  very  properly 
inserted  in  that  little  volume. 

Mr.  Wiggin  in  his  lifetime  was  a  well  known  character  in  our 
State  and  for  many  years  closely  identified  with  the  political,  business 
and  educational  interest  of  the  State  of  Maine.  He  acquired  quite 
a  reputation  as  a  platform  lecturer;  the  best  known  and  most  popu- 
lar of  his  productions  was  probably  his  lecture  entitled  "Mince  Pie 
As  My  Mother  Made  It." 

And  now  we  close  this  rambling  sketch  about  a  great  Maine  poet 
with  verses  from  his  "Influence  and  Retribution,"  which  all  writers 
of  high  or  low  degree  should  remember  and  emulate : 

Ye  cannot  send  'the  simplest  line 

Abroad  from  off  your  pen, 
But  ye  must  meet,  in  future  hour, 

That  very  line  again. 

The  slightest  word  ye  cannot  speak 

Within   a  mortal   ear, 
But  that  the  echo  of  such  word 
Ye  must  forever  hear. 


We  acknowledge  thanks  to  Mr.  Frank  C.  Merritt  of  Washington, 
D.  C,  for  the  report  to  the  Government  of  the  late  Samuel  L.  Board- 
man  on  "The  Climate,  Soil,  Resources,  and  Agricultural  Capabilities 
of  the  State  of  Maine." 

It  was  printed  at  the  Government  printing  office  in  Washington  in 
1884.  Like  all  of  Mr.  Boardman's  literary  work  it  is  carefully  pre- 
pared and  he  treats  the  subject  exhaustively. 


SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE   HISTORY 

PUBLISHED      QUARTERLY 


Entered  as  second  class  matter  at  the  post  office,  .Dover,  Maine,  by  John 
Francis   Sprague,    Editor   and   Publisher. 

Terms:  For  all  numbers  issued  during  the  year,  including  an  index  and  all 
special  issues,   $1.00.     Single  copies,   25  cents.     Bound   volumes  of  same,   $1.75. 

Bound  volumes  of  Vol.  I,  $2.50.  Vol.  I  (bound)  will  be  furnished  to  new  sub- 
scribers  to  the  Journal  for  $2.00. 

Postage   prepaid   on  all   items. 

Commencing  with  Vol.  3,  the  terms  will  be  $1.00  only  to  subscribers  who  pay 
In  advance,  otherwise  $1.50. 


"The  lives  of  former  generations  are  a  lesson  to  posterity;  that 
a  man  may  review  the  remarkable  events  which  have  happened  to 
others,  and  be  admonished;  and  may  consider  the  history  of  people 
of  preceding  ages,  and  of  all  that  hath  befallen  them,  and  be  restrained. 
Extolled  be  the  perfection  of  Him  who  hath  thus  ordained  the  his- 
tory of  former  generations  to  be  a  lesson  to  those  which  follow." 
— Tales  of  a  Thousand  and  One  Nights. 

Vol.  Ill  JANUARY,  1915  No.  4 


Early  Maine  History  vs.  Twentieth 
Century  History 

The  Maine  Teachers  Association  is  a  great  organization,  an  honor 
to  the  State  and  doubtless  helpful  to  the  educational  interest  of 
Maine.  It  has  a  "School  Music  Festival;"  a  "Maine  branch  of  the 
American  School  Peace  League;"  a  "Maine  School  Masters  Club;" 
and  other  accessories  equally  as  interesting.  Its  work  is  divided  into 
twenty  or  more  "departments"  and  among  them  is  one  called  the 
"Department  of  History." 

At  the  recent  session  of  the  Association  in  Bangor  this  department 
held  its  meeting  in  Room  211  second  floor  in  the  High  School  build- 
ing.    Its  program  of  topics  for  discussion  and  consideration  were: 

"Aids  for  the  Teaching  of  Ancient  History ;"  "Relation  of  Ameri- 
can History  to  Civics;"  and  a  "Round  Table  Discussion"  of  "Hozv 
May  the  Present  War  be  Used  to  Interest  Students  in  History." 
This  schedule  has  some  objectionable  features  and  possesses  some 
merit.  And  yet  it  should  not  surprise  the  managers  of  this  Asso- 
ciation if  there  may  be  those  of  only  the  average  stratum  of  Maine 
citizenship  and  blessed  with  only  average  intellectual  processes,  who 
may  wonder  why  there  could  not  have  been  discovered  somewhere 
along  the  course  of  Maine  History,  which  has  been  making  for  300 


STUDY   OF   LOCAL   HISTORY  191 

years,  something  that  could  have  been  "used  to  interest  students  in 
history,"  as  well  as  the  ghastly  details  of  the  most  useless,  cruel 
and  barbarous  slaughter  of  human  beings  that  this  world  has  record 
of,  and  now  being  waged  by  nearly  every  European  nation  each  and 
all  of  whom  are  absolutely  crazy. 


Study  of  Local  History 

We  are  pleased  to  endorse  the  following  editorial  in  a  recent  issue 
of  the  Bangor  Commercial.  It  is  entirely  in  line  with  what  the 
Journal  has  constantly  advocated  with  what  emphasis  it  could 
command.  We  can  assure  the  Commercial  that  Mr.  D.  Lyman 
Wormwood,  the  efficient  Superintendent  of  Schools  of  Bangor,  is 
deeply  interested  in  the  subject  and  early  placed  the  Journal  in  the 
High  School  Libraries  of  that  city. 

There  are  some  other  school  officers  in  Maine  who  are  making 
commendable  efforts  in  this  direction  and  teachers,  who.  like  Dr. 
Caroline  Colvin,  Professor  of  history  in  the  U.  of  M.  at  Orono, 
appreciate  the  value  of  the  study  of  Maine  history  and  are  doing 
practical  work  in  promoting  it ;  yet  as  a  whole  the  school  system 
of  Maine  is  lamentably  derelict  in  its  duty  in  this  respect.  It  should 
surely  manifest  a  greater  interest  in  this  matter.  Every  son  and 
daughter  of  the  old  Pine  Tree  State  should  be  proud  of  its  200 
years  of  important  Colonial  history  and  not  sit  supinely  by  while 
selfish  or  thoughtless  writers  credit  it  to  Massachusetts,  simply 
because  for  a  time  that  Commonwealth  chanced  to  have  political 
jurisdiction  over  a  portion  of  its  territory. 

We  heard  a  well-known  Maine  educator  speak  'the  other  day  in  endorse- 
ment of  a  plan  that  is  being  carried  out  in  some  out-of-the-state  city  look- 
ing toward  the  acquisition  of  a  better  knowledge  of  local  affairs  in  our 
public  schools.  The  Commercial  has  often  advocated  the  study  of  local 
history  in  our  public  schools  and  we  deem  such  as  of  much  more  importance 
than  much  of  the  historical  knowledge  acquired.  We  do  not  mean  that 
present  courses  in  history  are  not  valuable  but  we  believe  that  they  should 
include  a  good  course  in  local  history,  with  full  instruction  in  the  settle- 
ment of  Maine  and  its  history  and  development  and  the  same  in  regard  to 
the  city  of   Bangor. 

We  should  also  include  a  specific  study  of  the  city  charter  so  that  our 
future  voters  shall  have  knowledge  of  the  same.     Prior  to  the  recent  election 


192     SPRAGUE'S    JOURNAL    OF    MAINE    HISTORY 


our  people  generally  had  scant  knowledge  of  the  charter  under  which  our 
municipal  affairs  is  conducted. 

It   may   be    said   that   there   is    no    text-book   available    for 

the  study  of  local  history  and  this  is  true  but  it  is  an  obstacle  that  is  being 
overcome  elsewhere.  Teachers  of  history  prepare  themselves  for  lectures 
and  acquire  the  information  that  later  leads  to  the  preparation  of  a  text- 
book. 

It  would  be  interesting  to  know  what  proportion  of  the  pupils  of  our 
public  schools,  particularly  of  the  high  school,  have ,  any  commensurate 
knowledge  of  the  early  settlement  of  Bangor  and  its  development  from 
its  settlement  to  the  present  day.  We  think  that  the  number  would  be 
found  to  be  very  few  and  yet  such  knowledge  would  be  valuable  to  all  whc 
expect  to  pass  their  lives  in  this  city  as  most  of  the  pupils  do. 


Sayings  of  Subscribers 

Mr.  S.  J.  Guernsey,  of  Peabody  Museum,  Harvard  University : 

"I  certainly  look  forward  with  pleasure  to  each  number  of  th< 
Journal  and  enjoy  all  of  them." 


Reverend  George  W.  Hinckley,  founder  and  General  Superintenden 
of  that  wonderful  Maine  Institution  for  boys  and  girls,  known  a: 
Good  Will  Farm  and  editor  of  a  most  interesting  and  valuabL 
Magazine  the  "Good  Will  Record :" 

"In  my  mail,  last  evening  I  received  the  receipt  for  my  subscrip 
tion  to  your  interesting  magazine;  this  morning,  as  I  come  into  tfo 
office,  I  received  your  check  for  $2.00,  a  subscription  for  the  Goo< 
Will  Record.  An  even  exchange  is  no  robbery.  I  only  hope  that 
may  make  the  Good  Will  Record  as  interesting  to  you  as  the  his 
torical  journal  is  to  me." 


Professor  William  Otis  Sawtelle,  Haverford  College,  Haverford 

Pa.: 

"I  am  much  interested  in  your  publication  and  trust  that  you  wil 
continue  it  for  years  to  come." 


Dr.  Dana  W.  Fellows,  Portland,  Maine: 

"I  hasten  to  remit  the  amount  due  as  I  surely  wish  to  have  th 
Journal  of  Maine  History  regularly.    It  is  a  valuable  publication." 


SAYINGS    OF   SUBSCRIBERS  193 


John  T.  Cannon,  Bangor,  Maine : 

"Enclosed  find  check  for  my  subscription  to  your  excellent  maga- 
zine." 


Mr.  A.  W.  Spaulding,  Caribou,  Maine : 

"I  have  the  current  number  of  the  'Journal'  and  have  read  it  from 
cover  to  cover.  I  have  noticed  with  much  satisfaction  the  very 
kindly  notice  you  make  of  my  father  and  I  am  writing  you  this 
note  just  to  say  to  you  how  very  grateful  I  am  to  you  for  it." 


Harry  1'.  Dill,  Orillia,  Canada  : 

"I  am  enclosing  $1.00  for  continuation  of  the  Journal  of  Maine 
History,  for  I  cannot  live  without  it." 


Honorable  A.  R.  Day,  Bangor,  Maine: 

"I  take  great  pleasure  in  reading  your  publication  for  I  feel  sure 
that  your  historical  statements  are  correct. 

"The  whole  family  reads  Sprague's  Journal  with  a  great  deal  of 
pleasure,  and  I  hope  to  be  a  subscriber  as  long  as  the  Journal  is 
published." 


R.  L.  Grindle,  M.  D.,  Mt.  Desert,  Maine 
"The  Journal  is  good,  yes,  excellent." 


Notes  and  Fragments 

The  town  of  Kingsbury  was  incorporated  March  22,  1836.  Its 
charter  was  repealed  February  24,  1885.  It  was  reorganized  as  a 
plantation  July  20,  1886.  Judge  Sanford  Kingsbury  of  Gardiner 
was  the  original  proprietor  of  this  township  and  the  town  was  named 
for  him.  Hanson's  "History  of  Gardiner  and  Pittston"  (1852)  p. 
333>  says  of  him : 

Sanford  Kingsbury  was  born  in  Claremont,  N.  H.,  was  graduated  at 
Dartmouth  in  1801,  with  Daniel  Webster,  came  to  Gardiner  in  1804,  became 
cashier  of  Gardiner  Bank  in  1814,  and  practiced  law  until  he  took  his 
seat  on  the  bench  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  in  1821. 

He  was  State  Senator  in  1828-9,  removed  to  Kingsbury  in  1834,  and  fell 
dead  in  one  of  our    (Gardiner)   streets  March   1,  1849,  aged  66  years. 

In  former  years  there  was  an  old  residence  in  Kingsbury  just  of? 
of  the  old  "road  over  the  mountain"  leading  from  there  to  Blanchard 


194     SPRAGUE'S    JOURNAL    OF    MAINE    HISTORY 


which  the  inhabitants  called  the  "Kingsbury  Mansion"  and  where  he 
formerly  resided.  Whether  this  was  a  permanent  or  only  a  summer 
residence  or  how  long  he  occupied  it,  the  writer  has  never  been  able 
to  ascertain. 


One  of  the  early  settlers  of  Machias,  Maine,  was  Phineas  Bruce, 
from  Mendon,  Mass. : 

Born  there  June  7,  1762;  Yale  College,  1786;  settled  at  Machias,  1790; 
first  lawyer  in  Washington  County;  Representative,  1791  to  1800  inclusive: 
elected  Representative  to  eighth  Congress,  1804,  but  did  not  take  his  seat  on 
account  of  poor  health.  He  married  Jane,  sister  of  Honorable  James  Sav- 
age of  Boston  about  1795.  He  died  in  Uxbridge,  Mass.,  Oct  6,  1809.  His 
widow  died  in  Cambridge,  Mass.,   1854,  aged  86. 


Charles  Levi  Woodbury,  a  grandson  of  Maine,  in  an  address  some 
years  ago  before  the  New  Hampshire  Historical  Society,  said : 

Let  it  be  clear,  neither  Pilgrims  nor  Puritans  were  its  pioneers,  neither 
the  axe,  the  plow  nor  the  hoe  led  it  to  these  shores ;  neither  the  devices  of 
the  chartered  companies  nor  the  commands  of  royalty.  It  was  the  dis- 
covery of  the  winter  fishery  on  its  shores  that  led  New  England  to  civiliza- 
tion. 


The  Honorable  Frank  Robinson,  mayor  of  the  city  of  Ban- 
gor, whose  death  occurred  November  13,  191 5.,  was  the  son  of  the 
late  Honorable  Alexander  Martin  and  Mary    (Chase)    Robinson. 

His  father  was  for  many  years  one  of  the  able  and  leading  law- 
yers of  Piscataquis  county.  His  mother,  Mary  Chase,  was  the  daugh- 
ter of  the  late  Honorable  Joseph  Chase,  who,  when  Piscataquis 
county  was  established  in  1838,  became  the  leader  of  the  Democratic 
party  in  the  county  and  remained  so  about  all  of  his  lifetime.  He 
served  in  the  Legislature,  was  once  sheriff  of  the  county  and  held 
many  public  positions. 

In  1872  Mayor  Robinson  married  Elizabeth  Reed  of  Belfast, 
Maine,  whose  death  occurred  in  1901.  By  that  marriage  there  were 
four  children,  three  sons  and  a  daughter,  three  of  whom  survive 
him.  They  are  Frank  H.  Robinson  of  Bangor ;  Earl  P.  Robinson  of 
Franklin,  Massachusetts  and  Miss  Martha  R.  Robinson  of  Bangor. 
He  also  leaves  a  grandson,  Morris,  of  Bangor. 

He  was  married  again  in  1904  to  Nettie  E.  Reed  of  Mil  ford,  who 
survives  him. 

Mr.  Robinson  had  formerly  served  in  the  city  government  of 
Eangor  as   alderman,  and   represented  the  city  of   Bangor  in   the 


NOTES  AND  FRAGMENTS  195 

Legislature  of  1 913-19 14,  and  was  re-elected  a  member  of  the  present 
Legislature. 

On  March  8,  191 5.  he  was  elected  mayor,  having  received  prac- 
tically an  unanimous  nomination  as  a  candidate  by  the  Democratic 
party  of  that  city.  His  career  as  mayor  was  a  most  successful  one 
and  was  recognized  by  all  parties  as  one  of  Bangor's  strongest 
executives. 

He  had  had  large  business  experience. 

He  was  formerly  employed  to  fill  responsible  positions  with  both 
the  Bangor  &  Aroostook  and  Maine  Central  Railroads. 

He  had  much  mechanical  knowledge,  and  in  1904  he  resigned  from 
the  Maine  Central  to  devote  his  time  to  the  perfection  of  railroad 
appliances  which  he  had  invented.  He  was  the  inventor  of  several 
railroad  devices  which  proved  successful,  and  was  a  director  in  cor- 
porations which  manufactured  products  that  he  had  invented. 

He  was  a  man  of  lovable  traits  of  character  and  his  integrity, 
high  sense  of  honor,  and  loyalty  to  his  friends,  were  recognized 
and  appreciated  by  all  who  knew  him. 

Like  his  father  before  him,  he  had  always  been  interested  in 
Maine  Historical  subjects  and  had  been  a  subscriber  to  the  Journal 
since  its  first  number  was  issued. 

The  funeral  services  of  the  deceased  mayor  were  held  at  the 
L'niversalist  church  in  Bangor.  Nov.  16,  191 5.  His  pastor,  the  Rev- 
erend Ashley  Smith,  said : 

The  presence  here  today  of  so  many  who  called  him  friend,  tells 
of  that  fine  spirit  of  cordial  friendship  and  comradely  good-nature 
and  genial  kindness  which  drew  men  to  him,  for  whether  a  man  was 
rich  or  poor,  educated  or  illiterate  made  no  difference  to  him.  he 
could  meet  with  all  on  a  common  level  of  human  nature.  He  gave 
cf  his  best  in  service  to  our  city  and  State,  giving  over  many  of  his 
own  personal  interests  in  their  behalf  He  represented  as  much  in 
his  private  character,  as  in  public  office,  the  forces  and  principles 
which  are  the  solid  foundation  of  our  American  life.  In  his  home 
there  was  unassuming  devotion  to  the  simple  duties  of  a  kindly  and 
honorable  gentleman ;  in  public  life  there  was  always  deliberate 
judgment  and  calm  action,  clear  thinking  and  unswerving  devotion 
to  every  trust.  He  shrank  away  from  strife  and  contention  and 
sought  always  for  peace  and  concord,  and  yet  nothing  could  move 
him  from  his  high  sense  of  right  and  duty  and  his  unfaltering  loyalty 
to  their  demands.  Modest  and  unpretentious,  he  bore  the  honors 
that  rested  upon  him  without  ostentation  and  manifested  always  the 
6 


196     SPRAGUE'S    JOURNAL    OF    MAINE    HISTORY 

broadest  democracy  of  spirit.  Broad-souled  he  was,  tolerant  of  the 
political  or  religious  opinions  of  others,  in  all  places  and  under  every 
condition  he  was  a  gentleman. 

Men,  irrespective  of  party,  loved  him  for  what  he  was,  a  simple, 
kindly  man  devoted  to  his  home,  loving  and  loved  by  his  friends, 
with  hardly  a  personal  and  very  few  political  enemies.  In  some 
real  measure  his  personality  was  the  embodiment  of  the  gentleness 
of  strength  and  the  strength  of  gentleness. 


Correspondence 

MAYFLOWER  DESCENDANTS  IN  MAINE. 

Letter  from  Philip  F.  Turner  of  Portland, 

President  of  the  Maine  Society  of  the  Sons  of  the  American 

Revolution. 

T.  0  the  Editor  of  S Prague's  Journal  of  Maine  History: 

I  am  very  much  interested  in  the  note  on  Page  127  of  Volume  3, 
October  of  the  Journal,1  respecting  the  pocket  book  owned  by  the 
Bath  party.  The  statements  in  this  note  are  so  entirely  inaccurate, 
so  far  as  Mayflower  History  up  to  this  time  is  concerned,  that  it 
seems  but  right  that  your  attention,  as  Editor,  be  called  to  it. 

There  was  a  Thomas  Williams  who  came  over  in  the  Mayflower, 
but  up  to  the  present  time  no  evidence  whatever  has  come  to  the 
surface  that  he  had  any  descendants.  If  these  Bath  people  can  prove 
their  ancestry  without  question,  it  would  be  a  very  interesting  item 
for  the  General  Society  of  Mayflower  Descendants  to  be  made 
aware  of. 

Then,  too,  the  item  speaks  of  the  Puritans  who  came  over  in  the 
Mayflower.  You  know  that  those  known  as  Puritans  did  not  come 
in  the  Mayflower,  but  came  subsequently  to  Massachusetts  Bay, 
Salem,  Boston,  etc..  and  those  who  came  in  the  Mayflower  were 
known  as  Pilgrims  and  not  as  Puritans.  I  presume  the  name  of  the 
ship  in  the  third  line  is  simply  a  typographical  error,  "Maybower/ 

I  note  that  on  Page  113,  in  Mrs.  Richards'  article,  the  statement 
is  made  that  Elijah  P.  Love  joy  was  killed  in  1873.2 

(a)  From  "Notes  and  Fragments,"  Vol.  3,  p.  127,  of  the  Journal,  and 
which  originally  appeared  in  a  Bath,  Maine  , newspaper. 

O    1837. 


WM.  W.  ROBERTS  CO. 

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All  kinds  of  Typewriters  bought,  sold, 

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Put  system    into    your    savings.        Save   a   little     every    week    and    save    that 
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CONTEXTS 


107 


O.  II.  EMERSON,  M.  D. 


J.  J.   McVETY. 


The  E.   &.  M.  Hospital,  Newport,  Me.,  admits  all  medical  and  surgical  cases 
except  contagious  and  mental  diseases. 

For  information,   rates,  etc.,  address: 

OLGA  J.  HANSON.  Supt.,  Newport,  Me. 


CONTEXTS. 


PAGE  PAGE 

Autobiography  of  Stephen  Jones  199       History  Teaching   224 

Guilford  Centennial   219       Notes  and  Fragments   225 

Some  Early  Settlers  of  Barnard,  Letter    from    Honorable    James 

Maine    220          Phinney   Baxter    22S 

Puriton  or   Pilgrim   T 221       Sayings  of  Subscribers  229 

General  Joseph  S.  Smith   223       General  Neal  Dow   231 


198       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


*M*i#*  '^3M* 


W"^..ft#  *• 


w 


* 


§1 


3p 


*»* 


.t**£H*. 


*H'*f|;H 


%    #f**Hi 


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Whitish  mi>;^«cncat? 


Plan  of  an  old  map  of  the  disputed  territory  in  Maine,  about 
which  was  what  is  known  in  history  as  the  "North  Eastern  Boundary 
Controversy"  between  Great  Britain  and  the  Government  at  Wash- 
ington, which  was  acute  for  a  half  century  or  more  and  culminate  I 
in  the  "Aroostook  War",  so  called,  and  which  was  finally  settled  by 
the  Webster-Ashburton  Treaty  of  1842. 

Contributed  to  the  Journal  by  Honorable  Job  H.  Montgomery  of 
Camden.  Maine. 


Sprague's  Journal  of  Maine  History 


Vol.  Ill  APRIL,  1916  No.  5 


Autobiography  of  Stephen  Jones 

Contributed   by   Henry  Sew  all  Webster 
of  Gardiner,  Maine. 
A  sketch  of  the  life  of  Judge   Stephen  Jones  of   Machias   was 
published  in  the  January  number  of  the  Journal.1    In  1819  and  1820 
when  he  had  passed  his  eightieth  year.  Judge  Jones,  in  a  series  of 
letters  to  his  daughter,  Susan  Coffin  Richards  (Mrs.  John  Richards), 
undertook  to  recall  the  principal  events  of  his  life.     The  original 
letters  were  not  preserved,  but  the  substance  of  them  was  copied  by 
the  daughter  into  a  book  which  is  in  the  possession  of  one  of  her 
grandsons,  George  H.  Richards,  Esq.,  of  Boston.     After  the  book 
had  come  into  the  hands  of  Mr.  Richards,  he  sent  a  copy  to  each 
of  his  three  brothers,  and  from  one  of  those  copies  the  following 
transcript  has  been  taken. 


My  dear  daughter, 

I  have  never  related  to  you  the  particular  events  of  my  life :  and 
thinking  it  might  afford  you  some  satisfaction  to  be  informed  of 
them,  shall  relate  to  you  those  of  the  most  importance.  I  was  born 
as  told  me  by  my  mother  on  Sunday  morning  the  28th  of  Jan. 
1738-9  (so  they  reckoned  time  at  that  period)  and  in  that  part  of 
Falmouth  now  called  Portland.  After  entering  my  fourth  year  my 
parents  sent  me  to  school  to  a  Mrs.  Munford.  I  remained  at  her 
school  till  I  reached  my  sixth  year.  I  was  then  sent  to  the  town 
school  of  which  the  late  Stephen  Longfellow,  Esqr.,  was  the  master. 
I  had  made  considerable  progress  in  reading  and  spelling  at  Mrs. 
Munford's  and  I  continued  to  improve  under  Mr.  Longfellow.  It 
was  my  father's  wish  to  give  his  sons  a  liberal  education  and  on 
entering  my  seventh  year  I  was  put  to  learn  the  latin  grammar. 
What  progress  I  made  I  do  not  recollect  but  it  could  not  have  been 
much  for  in  the  beginning  of  Sept.  of  that  year,  I  went  with  my 
mother  to  Weston  on  a  visit  to  her  parents  to  make  some  arrange- 
ments with  them  respecting  herself  and  children  during  the  absence 


C)     See  Journal,  Vol.  i,  p.  187  and  also  references  to  him  in  Vol.  2,  pp. 
25-54-87-247-256. 


200       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

of  my  father,  who  was  ordered  with  the  rest  of  the  Regt.  to  which 
he  belonged  to  that  part  of  Nova  Scotia  then  called  Minas,  at  the 
head  of  the  Bay  of  Fundy.  In  the  winter  of  1746,  after  the  taking 
of  Cape  Breton,  an  expedition  was  set  on  foot  against  Quebec,  for 
the  next  summer.  My  father  took  recruiting  orders  as  a  captain  in 
a  Regiment  to  be  commanded  by  Col.  Arthur  Noble.  My  father 
recruited  a  sufficient  number  of  men  to  entitle  him  to  his  commis- 
sion as  Capt,  but  the  ships  and  troops  not  arriving  from  England 
the  expedition  against  Quebec  failed  and  Colonel  Noble  was  ordered 
to  proceed  to  Nova  Scotia  with  his  Regiment  to  check  some  hostile 
conduct  manifested  by  the  neutral  French,  in  that  province.  My 
father  having  spent  much  time  and  money  in  recruiting  his  men  and 
not  being  willing  to  give  them  up  to  another  officer  and  bein^ 
acquainted  at  Minas,  where  the  Regt.  was  ordered,  he  consented 
to  accept  a  Lieutenancy  under  Capt.  Morris,  an  older  officer.  I 
accompanied  my  mother  as  I  before  mentioned  to  Weston.  We  had 
a  short  passage  to  Boston  and  stopped  at  Deacon  Kettle's,  an  old 
acquaintanc  of  the  family,  till  she  could  have  an  opportunity  to  get 
on  to  Weston.  While  there  I  wandered  off  of  the  street  on  which 
Deacon  Kettle  lived  and  very  soon  got  lost  and  frightened  and 
cried,  but  I  was  able  to  tell  the  people  who  observed  me,  where  I 
had  wandered  from  and  was  taken  back  to  the  good  Deacon's.  I 
never  got  lost  afterwards  in  Boston. 

We  soon  went  on  to  my  grandfather's,  where  we  staid  a  short 
time  and  then  my  mother  returned  home  as  they  thought  it  best  and 
when  my  father  embarked  on  his  destined  expedition  she  should 
return  to  Weston  with  the  other  children  and  remain  during  his 
absence,  but  he  was  destined  never  to  return.  She  returned  to 
Weston  with  my  two  sisters,  leaving  my  brother  with  Capt.  Ephraim 
Jones  her  brother  and  he  remained  with  him  until  he  was  15  vears 
old. 

Nothing  of  any  importance  occurred  till  the  end  of  February  or 
beginning  of  March,  when  the  distressing  and  melancholy  news  was 
received  in  Boston  that  a  party  of  French  and  Indians  from  Bean- 
jour  now  called  Cumberland  had  made  an  attack  upon  Col.  Noble's 
quarters  on  the  night  of  the  30th  of  Jan.  in  a  violent  snow  storm, 
that  my  father,  the  Colonel  and  several  officers  were  killed  and  the 
remainder  capitulated  the  next  day.  The  weather  was  so  stormy 
that  they  had  no  apprehension  of  an  attack  and  the  sentry  at  the 
door  did  not  discover  the  enemy  until  they  were  very  near.  He 
discharged  his  musket  and  gave  the  alarm.     My  father  who  I  was 


AUTOBIOGRAPHY   OF   STEPHEN   JONES  201 


told  always  laid  down  prepared  for  a  surprise,  was  immediately 
at  the  door  of  his  quarters  and  met  the  enemy  by  whom  he  was 
immediately  shot.  They  then  entered  the  house  and  killed  some  of 
the  officers  before  they  could  get  out  of  their  beds. 

I  was  eight  years  old  when  this  distressing  event  happened,  my 
brother  one  year  and  eight  months  younger,  my  two  sisters  of  the 
ages  of  four  and  two.  My  father'.-  death  prevented  my  mother's 
return  to  Falmouth  to  reside  there  again  with  her  family.  My 
father  was  joint  executor  with  my  uncle  Phineas  Jones'  widow  for 
settling  his  estate  and  by  my  father's  death  she  was  left  sole  execu- 
trix and  she  soon  after  married  a  Mr.  Fox.  who  was  a  man  of  talents 
and  sufficiently  artful  to  make  the  most  of  any  advantages  he  had. 
My  mother  was  unfortunately  advised  to  let  him  administer  on  my 
father's  estate,  how  the  business  was  managed  I  never  knew,  but 
there  was  very  little  allowed  to  my  mother.  I  got  one  hundred 
dollars  a  few  years  since  for  a  quitclaim  for  a  piece  of  flats  that 
belonged  to  my  father  in  the  town  of  Portland,  for  which  two 
persons  had  been  quarreling  about  and  neither  had  any  title  to.  I 
think  much  more  might  have  been  picked  up  if  it  had  been  properly 
looked  after  in  time.  My  mother,  my  sisters  and  myself  it  was 
decided  should  remain  at  my  grandfather's  who  had  his  two  young- 
est sons  unmarried  living  with  him.  my  uncles  Aaron  and  Isaac. 
My  mother's  situation  was  now  a  very  dependent  one  and  tho' 
very  active  and  industrious  and  ingenious  with  her  needle,  she  feared 
she  should  become  a  burden  to  her  brothers  and  her  parents  being 
aged.  She  thought  it  therefore  best  to  accept  an  offer  of  marriage 
from  Mr.  Graves,  of  a  plantation  called  Cold  Spring,  now  Belcher- 
town,  in  the  county  of  Hampshire,  a  respectable  farmer,  and  was 
married  to  him  in  1750  and  took  her  two  daughters  with  her.  Mr. 
Graves  was  introduced  to  my  mother  by  Col.  Williams  of  Deerfield. 
a  friend  of  hers  and  son  of  the  minister  of  Weston.  The  families 
were  very  intimate.  He  thought  highly  of  Mr.  Graves  and  believe  1 
he  would  make  her  a  good  husband,  which  he  did. 

But  for  the  death  of  my  father  and  my  mother's  marriage  with 
Mr.  Graves  brought  about  by  the  friendship  of  Col.  Williams,  it  is 
not  probable  I  should  have  ever  known  or  seen  your  mother  or  my 
sisters  their  husbands,  the  eldest  having  married  your  mother's 
eldest  brother  and  the  youngest  Mr.  Lyman  of  Northampton. 

I  continued  at  my  grandfather's  until  the  year  1755.  when  it  was 
decided  by  him  and  my  mother  that  I  had  better  learn  a  trade  and  I 
was  placed  with  my  uncle  Noah,  my  father's  brother,  who  was  a 


202       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


carpenter,  to  learn  that  trade.  I  travelled  on  foot  to  his  house 
about  thirty  miles  from  my  grandfather's  in  one  day.  He  resided 
on  the  westerly  side  of  Worcester.  They  were  all  strangers  to  me 
both  in  the  family  and  in  the  town,  except  my  uncle  whom  I  had 
seen  before.  It  was  the  hay-harvest  and  I  was  set  to  work  on  the 
farm.  The  family  consisted  of  himself  and  wife,  three  daughters 
and  two  sons  from  the  ages  of  n  to  2  years,  also  a  lad  about  (2 
years  of  age,  the  son  of  a  poor  man.  This  lad  and  myself  were  put 
to  do  all  the  work  of  the  farm  with  occasional  assistance  from  my 
uncle,  which  was  quite  contrary  to  my  expectations.  I  found  my 
uncle  and  his  wife  very  parsimonious  and  economical.  He  was  a 
man  of  quick  passions  and  had  no  tender  feelings.  I  was  very  shy, 
tender-hearted  and  timid  and  had  never  been  accustomed  to  hard- 
ships of  any  kind,  which  my  uncle  had  been  accustomed  to  from  his 
childhood.  I  grew  fast  and  was  not  strong  and  my  appetite  was 
great  and  I  was  too  shy  to  eat  as  much  as  I  wanted  at  mealtimes 
and  I  was  never  allowed  to  eat  between  them,  which  I  had  been 
accustomed  to  at  my  grandfather's,  and  my  uncle  would  often  speak 
harshly  to  me  and  accuse  me  of  being  more  hearty  to  eat  than  to 
work  and  at  times  I  was  almost  broken-hearted  and  the  tears  would 
run  down  my  cheeks  in  spite  of  all  my  efforts  to  prevent  them  an  1 
when  he  observed  it,  he  would  accuse  me  of  being  babyish.  I  do 
not  suppose  that  cayenne  pepper  rubbed  upon  his  eyes  would  have 
made  any  water  run  out  of  them.  Another  thing  which  vexed  me 
very  much  was  that  if  he  saw  me  put  on  mittens  of  a  cold  winter's 
morning,  he  would  scold  me  for  it.  I  was  always  subject  to  cold 
hands  and  feet  and  to  take  hold  of  axe  handles  and  other  implements 
of  a  cold  winter's  morning  without  mittens  it  did  seem  as  if  my  hands 
would  freeze,  but  because  he  could  handle  ice  and  snow  without 
feeling  it  he  supposed  everybody  else  could.  I  had  no  time  for  the 
carpenter's  trade  and  was  very  awkward  in  handling  the  tools  as  I 
had  never  been  accustomed  to  anything  of  the  kind,  but  instead  of 
treating  me  with  gentleness,  he  was  very  harsh  and  unkind.  His 
wife  was  the  daughter  of  one  of  the  most  respectable  farmers  in 
Worcester.  She  was  several  years  younger  than  himself,  very 
industrious  and  economical  and  made  him  a  very  good  wife,  was  of 
a  mild  disposition,  but  never  showed  any  great  kindness  or  good 
will  toward  me.  I  was  no  more  to  her  than  the  son  of  any  stranger. 
My  uncle's  harshness,  his  wife's  indifference  towards  me  and  having 
to  do  all  the  work  of  the  farm  and  of  course  but  a  small  part  of 
the  time  devoted  to  the  profession  I  went  to  learn,  I  consequently 


AUTOBIOGRAPHY   OF   STEPHEN    JONES  203 


grew  dissatisfied  with  my  situation  and  made  my  guardian  ac- 
quainted with  it.  Pie  came  to  see  me  and  endeavored  to  persuade 
me  to  be  contented.  I  consented  to  try,  but  found  it  in  vain. 
Therefore  in  April,  1757,  when  our  provincial  officers  were  recruit- 
ing for  volunteers  to  go  to  the  lakes,  I  with  others  enlisted  without 
asking  the  consent  of  my  master  or  guardian. 

In  the  winter  of  this  year  several  young  lads  and  myself  got 
into  a  frolic  at  the  tavern,  where  there  was  a  recruiting  officer  (a 
cousin  of  my  mother's  i  belonging  to  Rogers  Rangers  and  we  all 
enlisted,  but  the  next  day,  when  their  parents  heard  of  it,  they 
applied  for  their  release  to  the  officer  and  I  consented  that 
my  uncle  should  apply  for  mine  and  we  were  all  released.  I  was 
very  thankful  that  1  was,  as  that  Corps  was  unsuitable  for  me 
to  serve  in.  My  mother's  cousin  went  on  with  his  recruits  to  join 
his  corps  at  Lake  George,  where  he  arrived  early  in  March.  \ 
few  days  afterwards  a  large  detachment  was  ordered  to  Ticonderoga 
as  a  reconnoitering  party,  and  was  discovered  by  the  French  and  In- 
dians and  the  officer  with  almost  the  whole  party  killed,  but  Rogers, 
who  deserved  the  same  fate  for  his  folly  and  imprudence  took  care 
to  make  his  escape  as  soon  a>  the  action  commenced.  Had  I  gone 
with  my  relation  when  I  enlisted  I  should  in  all  probability  have 
fallen  with  him.  I  have  always  considered  it  a  providential  escape. 
The  second  time  of  my  enlisting  in  April,  1757,  there  were  only 
1,800  men  raised  in  Mass.  that  year  and  they  with  those  raised  in 
the  New  England  Provinces  and  that  of  New  York  were  only 
intended  to  defend  the  northern  frontier.  The  company  I  belonged 
to  consisted  of  above  100  active  young  men  commanded  by  Capt. 
Leonard  of  Oxford.  We  were  ordered  on  to  Greenbush  near  Al- 
bany to  join  the  other  troops  and  soon  after  our  assembling  there, 
the  whole  were  ordered  to  Fort  Edward.  Some  time  after  our 
arrival  at  that  post,  our  Capt.  being  a  brave  active  officer  had  orders 
for  raising  a  company  of  men  to  be  employed  as  a  reconnoitering 
party.  About  half  of  his  company  joined  him.  But  I  preferred 
remaining  with  the  other  half  and  doing  camp  duty.  Early  in  Sept. 
information  came  to  Gen.  Webb,  the  British  officer  (who  had  com- 
mand at  Fort  Edward  and  was  the  commander  of  the  Department) 
that  an  army  of  French  and  Indians  were  on  their  way  to  attack 
Fort  Wm.  Henry  at  Lake  George.  The  Massachusetts  and  other 
provincial  troops  were  ordered  on  to  reinforce  the  garrison  at  Lake 
George,  but  the  troops  were  entirely  ignorant  of  the  intended 
attack  on  Fort  Wm.  Henry.     Capt.  Leonard  was  ordered  to  remain 


2o4       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

at  Fort  Edward  and  those  who  had  joined  him  from  other  compa- 
nies had  permission  to  rejoiji  their  own  companions  and  those  who 
had  originally  belonged  to  his  company  had  permission  to  join  him, 
when  the  whole  (myself  among  the  number  )  did  so,  excepting  one 
Lieut,  and  fifteen  men,  who  marched  with  the  other  troops  to 
Lake  George.  The  morning  after  Capt.  Leonard  was  about  two 
miles  from  Fort  Edward  in  the  woods  on  a  reconnoitering  excursion, 
when  we  heard  a  cannon  in  the  direction  of  Fort  William  and 
thought  it  was  the  morning  gun,  but  we  soon  heard  a  number  and 
concluded  that  the  Fort  was  attacked  and  we  made  our  way  back 
as  soon  as  possible.  It  was  quite  a  surprise  as  we  had  no  idea  the 
Fort  was  threatened.  The  siege  continued  some  days,  when  the 
commander  of  the  Fort  despairing  of  relief  capitulated,  but  the 
capitulation  was  violated  by  the  Indians,  who  stripped  the  officers 
and  men  and  killed  those  who  resisted.  Here  I  had  another  escape 
by  remaining  at  Fort  Edward.  The  Massachusetts  men  were  en- 
listed that  year  to  continue  in  service  till  the  2nd  of  Feb.,  175^- 
Those  who  were  concluded  in  the  capitulation  of  Fort  Wm.  Henry 
and  escaped  the  Indians  went  directly  home,  those  who  remained  ac 
Fort  Edward  were  at  the  close  of  the  season  ordered  down  to 
Stillwater  on  the  Hudson  25  miles  above  Albany,  where  we  took  up 
our  winter  quarters  in  huts,  built  by  some  Scotch  troops  the  preced- 
ing summer.  We  were  not  pleased  with  our  detention,  after  the 
campaign  was  over,  and  officers  and  men  determined  to  set  out  for 
home  as  soon  as  our  time  expired  whether  discharged  or  not  and 
to  take  our  route  up  the  Hoosack  river,  which  empties  into  the 
Hudson  near  Stillwater.  The  snow  was  very  deep  and  in  order  to 
perform  our  march  it  was  necessary  that  every  man  should  be  pro- 
vided with  a  pair  of  snowshoes  and  each  one  was  obliged  to  make 
them  for  themselves,  although  few  of  us  had  ever  seen  a  pair  and 
fewer  still  had  ever  attempted  to  walk  with  them.  Those  who  were 
best  acquainted  with  making  the  rackets  (as  those  that  we  made  were 
called)  instructed  the  others  and  we  all  had  ingenuity  enough  to 
make  our  own  excepting  one  "paddy"  and  he  took  a  couple  of  barrel 
hoops  and  nailed  pieces  of  the  barrel  heads  across  them  and  tied 
them  to  his  feet  and  waddled  after  us.  About  2  o'clock  on  the 
morning  of  the  3rd  of  Feb.,  1758,  25  years  previous  to  the  morning 
of  your  birth  we  had  our  snow  shoes  and  our  packs  with  three 
days'  provisions  on  our  backs.  It  being  a  fine  clear  winter  morning 
we  set  out  upon  our  march  to  Fort  Massachusetts  at  the  foot  of 
Hoosack  mountain,  where  the  town  of  Adams  now  is,  the  snow  at 


AUTOBIOGRAPHY   OF    STEPHEN    JONES  205 


the  least  four  and  a  half  feet  deep  and  very  light  which  made  the 
travelling  very  heavy  it  being  nearly  up  to  the  hips  of  those  who 
went  forward  and  of  course  most  fatiguing  and  as  we  had  never 
been  accustomed  to  travel  on  snow  shoes,  we  got  many  tumbles 
into  the  snow  and  were  half  buried  by  it  sometimes  and  frequently 
had  great  difficulty  in  getting  upon  our  feet  again,  but  after  the 
first  day's  march  we  got  very  few  falls.  We  took  the  Hoosack 
river  as  our  direction,  not  one  of  our  party  ever  having  passed 
through  from  the  North  river  to  Fort  Massachusetts.  We  knew 
however  nearly  the  distance  and  was  sure  that  three  days  would 
bring  us  to  the  Fort  and  therefore  went  on  with  resolution. 
Towards  the  end  of  the  second  day,  we  came  to  a  broad  interval 
on  the  north  side  of  the  river  and  concluding  it  would  be  better 
travelling  on  that,  we  left  the  river  and  after  travelling  some 
time  bore  away  again  for  the  river  and  unfortunately  struck  an- 
other branch  of  it  as  wide  as  the  river  and  did  not  discover  our 
mistake  till  we  had  gone  some  distance  and  found  the  stream  nar- 
rowing; and  thinking  we  had  traveled  far  enough  to  have  reached 
our  destination,  we  held  a  consultation  and  determined  to  leave  the 
stream  and  ascend  the  mountains  and  seek  a  new  direction.  In  that 
opinion  all  were  united  and  we  commenced  our  ascent  up  that  lofty 
ridge  called  the  Green  Mountains.  Early  on  the  fifth  day  we  had 
reached  the  height  of  them  and  discovered  a  pond.  Our  object  now 
was  to  find  its  outlet  and  take  that  for  our  direction,  which  we  soon 
did.  Our  provisions  were  nearly  all  consumed  on  the  third  day.  it 
was  now  nearly  two  days  that  numbers  of  us  had  not  eaten  any- 
thing. It  was  decided  to  kill  a  large  dog  that  was  attached  to  the 
company  and  divide  it  into  70  shares.  One  of  the  men  had  been 
more  careful  of  his  provisions  than  the  rest  of  us  and  he  sold  me 
his  share  for  7  coppers,  which  I  thought  a  great  bargain  for  I  would 
not  have  parted  with  it  for  its  weight  in  gold.  After  travelling  as 
long  as  the  daylight  would  permit,  we  encamped.  Some  of  the  party 
would  scrape  away  the  snow  with  our  snow  shoes  and  others  would 
cut  wood  for  fires  and  brush  from  the  hemlocks  for  our  beds.  In  the 
morning  the  remains  of  the  fire  would  be  two  feet  below  us  and  by 
daylight  we  were  on  our  march  again.  The  sixth  day  we  felt  con- 
fident we  were  upon  the  Deerfield  river,  but  it  abounded  in  rapids 
which  compelled  us  frequently  to  ascend  the  sides  of  the  mountains 
to  pass  them,  which  were  so  steep  that  we  had  to  take  hold  of  the 
shrubs  to  climb  up.  After  frequent  ascents  and  descents  we  found 
on  the  seventh  day  the  river  to  be  free  from  rapids  and  by  the  mid- 
3 


206       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

die  of  the  day  we  were  convinced  we  were  near  Rice's  Fort  on  th-2 
east  side  of  the  river,  near  the  foot  of  Hoosack  mountain  and  be- 
fore night  came  on  we  found  we  were  not  mistaken  and  finding  a 
convenient  place  for  encamping,  we  thought  it  best  to  do  so,  though 
a  few  of  the  men  who  had  done  duty  at  Rice's  Fort  thought  it  could 
not  be  more  than  three  or  four  miles  distant,  but  as  many  of  the 
party  had  become  very  feeble,  we  feared  that  they  might  give  out 
if  we  attempted  to  go  on  and  perish  before  relief  could  be  obtained. 
It  was  therefore  decided  that  10  or  12  of  the  stoutest  men  should 
be  sent  on  to  the  Fort  and  acquaint  the  people  there  wTith  our  situa- 
tion and  having  a  breakfast  prepared  for  us.  The  remainder  lay 
down  to  rest  with  the  hope  that  their  danger  and  distress  was  near 
its  termination.  On  the  morning  of  the  8th  day  after  leaving  our 
encampment  at  Stillwater  we  resumed  our  march  and  reached  the 
Fort  after  travelling  about  four  miles,  all  feeling  grateful  for  our 
providential  deliverance. 

After  recruiting  ourselves  we  marched  on  to  Deerfield  about  13 
miles.  Many  of  the  men  were  detained  there  from  having  had  their 
feet  much  frost-bitten.  I  had  fortunately  escaped  and  preceded  en 
to  Mr.  Graves'  at  Belchertown  and  after  spending  some  days  with 
my  mother  and  sisters,  went  on  to  my  uncle's  at  Worcester,  where 
my  appearance  was  most  unexpected  as  it  was  thought  I  could  not 
have  survived  the  fatigue  of  the  campaign. 

In  the  ensuing  April  orders  were  issued  for  recruiting  men  for 
the  reduction  of  Crown  Point  and  the  French  at  Ticonderoga  and  I 
again  enlisted  for  the  campaign  and  joined  a  company  commanded 
by  a  Capt.  James  Johnson.  Capt.  Leonard  was  refused  an  appoint- 
ment (tho'  he  was  an  excellent  officer)  because  of  his  marching  his 
company  away  from  Stillwater  without  waiting  for  a  proper  dis- 
charge from  headquarters.  In  fact  it  was  a  very  imprudent  act, 
both  in  officers  and  men  and  we  very  narrowly  escaped  perishing  in 
the  woods.  We  were  well  treated  and  well  paid  and  had  very  little 
duty  to  do  and  if  we  had  waited  for  our  discharge,  we  could  have 
returned  by  the  public  road,  been  supplied  at  the  public  expense  and 
received  pay  until  we  reached  home.  After  Capt.  Johnson's  company 
was  raised  they  were  marched  on  by  the  way  of  Northampton  and 
from  that  town  through  the  woods  to  Pittsfield,  where  Col.  Wil- 
liams, the  friend  of  my  mother,  had  a  farm  and  a  Stockade  Fort 
called  Williams  Fort.  Pie  also  had  this  year  the  command  as  Col. 
of  one  of  the  Massachusetts  Regiments.  From  thence  we  marched 
to  Stockbridge  and  to  Greenbush  the  place  of  rendezvous  and  after- 


AUTOBIOGRAPHY   OF   STEPHEN   JONES  207 

wards  to  Lake  George.  After  the  army  were  collected  there  we 
embarked  in  boats  early  in  Sept.  for  Ticonderoga  and  arrived  at 
the  landing  place  at  the  end  of  the  lake,  three  miles  from  the 
French  Fort  on  the  second  day  after  our  embarcation.  Some  skir- 
mishing took  place  on  the  landing  of  the  van  of  the  army  and  the 
troops  at  that  station,  and  during  that  action  Lord  Howe  was  killed. 
He  was  the  acting  General  but  old  Gen.  Abercrombie  was  the  com- 
mander in  chief.  The  death  of  Lord  Howe  disconcerted  his  meas- 
ures and  retarded  the  progress  of  the  army  and  prevented  the 
attack  on  the  French  lines  until  the  third  day  after  landing,  which 
gave  the  enemy  time  to  complete  their  defences  and  to  defeat  our 
forces  when  they  made  the  attack,  which  was  done  by  the  regular 
troops  the  provincials  being  the  rear  guard  or  Corps  of  reserve 
stationed  in  the  woods,  but  tho'  we  were  not  ordered  into  action, 
yet  a  number  were  so  imprudent  as  to  join  the  attacking  party.  Capt. 
Johnson  and  a  part  of  his  company  were  among  those  who  went  into 
the  action  without  orders,  himself  and  fifteen  of  his  men  never 
returned,  a  cousin  of  my  own.  a  sergeant,  was  one  of  the  number. 
1  saw  him  fall,  a  ball  entered  the  right  side  of  his  head  and  he 
fell  never  to  rise  again  till  the  general  resurrection  at  the  end  of  the 
world.  He  was  a  fine  young  man  and  third  son  of  my  father's 
brother,  Nathaniel.  I  was  in  the  action  amidst  a  shower  of  balls 
and  remained  till  the  army  retreated,  but  by  the  goodness  of  Divine 
Providence  I  had  another  wonderful  escape  from  death  and  without 
injury.  As  soon  as  I  was  out  of  the  reach  of  the  balls  I  halted  and 
rescued  one  of  the  many  poor  wounded  soldiers  I  fell  in  with. 
Having  cut  a  couple  of  poles  I  fastened  a  blanket  to  them  and  per- 
suaded three  others  to  assist  me  to  get  him  on  to  it  and  after  many 
trials  we  succeeded  and  after  carrying  him  about  a  mile  and  a  half, 
we  found  his  company  encamped  for  the  night.  What  became  of 
the  poor  fellow  afterwards  I  never  heard.  The  company  to  which  1 
was  attached  encamped  near  that  of  the  wounded  man.  I  wrapt 
myself  in  my  blanket  and  lay  down  by  the  side  of  my  messmates 
expecting  to  be  aroused  early  in  the  morning  to  renew  the  attack  on 
the  French  lines,  but  about  12  o'clock  when  I  was  in  a  profound 
slumber,  I  was  awakened  with  the  information  that  the  orders  were 
to  retreat  to  our  boats.  This  I  could  not  at  first  believe,  but  soon 
found  it  was  true  and  marched  on  with  the  rest,  but  with  a  sad  and 
heavy  heart  at  leaving  our  wounded  men  to  be  knocked  in  the  head 
by  the  tomahawks  of  the  Indians,  but  which  I  could  not  individuals 
prevent.     By  sunrise  in  the  morning,  what  remained  of  the  army 


208       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

were  all  in  the  boats  and  on  their  way  to  their  old  encampments  at 
the  south  end  of  Lake  George,  where  we  arrived  safely  and  re- 
mained till  sometime  in  November,  when  we  were  regularly  dis- 
charged and  I  returned  home.  Mr.  Graves'  eldest  son  was  a  Ser- 
geant in  Col.  Williams'  Regt.  He  was  attacked  with  the  camp 
disorder  sometime  after  we  returned  from  Ticonderoga  and  died. 
I  do  not  recollect  that  I  missed  a  day's  duty  from  illness  during  the 
two  campaigns,  but  during  a  great  part  of  the  time  I  kept  spruce 
beer  by  me  and  drank  freely  of  it. 

On  my  return  I  spent  some  days  with  my  mother  and  sisters  at 
Mr.  Graves',  who  always  treated  me  with  kindness.  I  afterwards 
went  on  to  Worcester  and  bargained  with  my  uncle  for  a  release  of 
my  indentures  and  then  returned  to  Mr.  Graves'  with  a  determina- 
tion not  to  engage  in  the  service  again,  but.  Government  thinking 
it  would  be  necessary  to  have  a  small  force  placed  at  Charlestown 
on  the  Connecticut  river  for  the  security  of  that  frontier  against  the 
Indians,  and  Capt.  Elijah  Smith,  a  very  pleasant  man  and  neighbor 
of  Mr.  Graves,  was  authorized  to  raise  a  company  and  as  it  was 
supposed  it  would  be  a  very  light  and  rather  pleasant  service,  I 
engaged  with  him.  He  soon  recruited  a  sufficient  number  from  the 
neighboring  towns  and  we  were  marched  to  Charlestown,  where 
our  duty  was  very  easy.  We  boarded  with  the  inhabitants,  giving 
our  rations  and  a  small  sum  in  addition  per  week.  The  time  we 
were  there  was  passed  very  pleasantly,  but  in  the  month  of  August, 
after  the  taking  of  Ticonderoga  by  Gen.  Amherst,  it  was  thought 
unnecessary  to  continue  Capt.  Smith's  company  at  Charlestown  and 
lie  was  ordered  to  Deerfield  and  then  to  proceed  across  the  Hoosack 
mountain  and  on  to  Flatbush  on  the  north  river  and  wait  further 
orders,  these  were  to  divide  his  company  into  detachments.  The 
detachment  that  I  belonged  to  was  commanded  by  the  first  Lieut. 
Hunt,  who  afterwards  married  George  Strong's  second  sister  and 
settled  in  Charlestown,  N.  H.  His  father  was  a  large  farmer  and 
related  to  the  Hunts  of  Northampton.  Our  detachment  was  ordered 
to  Millers  Falls  on  the  easterly  side  of  the  Hudson  and  half  way 
between  Fort  Saratoga  and  Fort  Edward.  From  thence  we  were 
to  transport  stores  in  boats  to  Fort  Edward  which  took  up  the  time 
till  the  end  of  the  term  we  had  enlisted  for,  about  the  middle  of 
November.  Four  of  us  then  set  out  for  home,  passed  down  the 
north  river  to  Stillwater,  then  took  the  road  to  Hoosack  mountain. 
The  day  we  crossed  it  proved  to  be  rainy,  but  fortunately  for  us, 
when  we  grot  to  Deerfield  river  at  the  foot  of  the  east  side  of  the 


AUTOBIOGRAPHY   OF   STEPHEN   JONES  209 


mountain  it  was  not  so  much  swollen  but  that  we  could  ford  it  with 
safety.  We  stopped  that  night  at  Rice's  Fort,  where  I  was  with 
Capt.  Leonard's  company  in  February,  1758.  At  the  Fort  we  were 
told  there  was  a  stream  we  must  cross  about  two  miles  distant,  that 
could  not  be  forded  without  a  horse,  which  could  be  got  at  a  Mr. 
Taylor's  who  lived  about  half  a  mile  on  that  side.  We  procured 
the  horse  and  proceeded  to  the  stream.  It  was  about  five  rods  wide 
and  ran  quickly  and  was  swollen  to  the  banks.  The  names  of  my 
companions  were  Alverd,  Smith  and  Williston.  (Alverd  was  an 
uncle  of  Mrs.  Steele's.)  Alverd  and  I  mounted  first,  as  to  make 
dispatch,  two  were  to  cross  at  a  time.  Alverd  got  on  first  and  I 
behind  him.  At  the  bottom  of  the  stream  were  small  round  stones 
and  when  the  horse  got  into  the  middle  of  it,  he  trod  upon  them, 
crippled  down  and  slipt  me  off  into  the  stream.  When  my  feet 
reached  the  bottom,  I  found  I  could  just  keep  my  chin  above  the 
water  and  by  supporting  myself  with  my  musket  against  the  current 
I  was  able  to  keep  my  feet  at  the  bottom  and  get  back  to  the  side  I 
went  from,  fearing  to  go  forward  as  I  thought  the  stream  might 
be  deeper.  Alverd  after  crossing  turned  the  horse  back.  I  mounted 
and  got  safe  across.  I  was  completely  wet  from  head  to  foot  and 
it  was  a  very  cold  day  in  the  middle  of  November  and  more  than 
12  miles  to  Deerfield  and  no  house  before  I  got  there.  You  will 
see  that  here  I  had  another  very  narrow  escape  with  my  life.  I  did 
not  even  take  cold  and  was  able  to  go  on  the  next  day  to  Mr. 
Graves'  where  I  arrived  once  more  in  safety  and  found  my  mother, 
sisters  and  friends  all  well.  I  passed  part  of  the  winter  as  a  jour- 
neyman with  a  carpenter  at  Belchertown  and  in  the  spring  made  a 
visit  to  Northampton  to  see  my  old  companions  Alverd  and  Smith 
at  Hadley. 

At  this  time  I  first  commenced  my  acquaintance  at  Northampton 
with  Mr.  Lyman  (who  afterwards  married  my  youngest  sister)  and 
Mr.  Allen,  his  partner.  I  engaged  to  work  as  a  journeyman  with 
them  during  the  summer  and  joined  them  the  first  of  May,  although 
I  had  acquired  but  little  knowledge  of  the  business  or  of  the  use 
of  tools.  I  was  treated  with  great  kindness  by  them  and  introduced 
into  the  most  respectable  families  in  the  town.  The  Pomroys, 
Hunts,  Lymans  and  the  Strongs  were  of  the  first  class  and  all  had 
one  or  more  young  ladies  belonging  to  them  and  by  all  of  them  I 
was  treated  with  the  greatest  civility.  Several  of  the  ladies  I  was 
then  acquainted  with  are  still  living  but  not  more  than  one  or  two 
of  the  gentlemen  that  belonged  to  that  set  are  now  alive. 


210       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

The  next  year  I  joined  a  young  man  by  the  name  of  King,  who 
was  a  house  carpenter  and  went  to  Charlestown,  where  I  served  as 
a  soldier  in  1759.  We  worked  there  until  winter  set  in  and  then 
returned  and  spent  the  winter  with  our  friends  at  Northampton  and 
JJelchertown.  King's  father  was  dead  and  his  mother  had  married 
a  second  husband  and  lived  in  Belchertown.  He  was  an  Ensign 
in  the  provincial  service  in  1759  and  was  a  merry,  lively  fellow  and 
a  pleasant  companion.  We  engaged  employments  for  the  next 
season  and  I  set  out  on  my  return  on  the  first  of  March.  I  stopped 
at  Deerfield  for  a  month  and  worked  with  a  carpenter  by  the  name 
of  Munn  as  the  business  at  Charlestown  did  not  require  my  imme- 
diate return.  It  was  then  for  the  first  time,  that  I  saw  your  mother, 
but  did  not  become  acquainted  with  her.  Munn's  sister  married  a 
brother  of  Col.  Williams'  wife,  one  of  the  Tylers  of  Boston  who 
considered  themselves  of  the  first  class  in  society.  The  family  was 
so  much  annoyed  at  the  marriage  that  they  would  not  give  him  any 
assistance  whilst  he  lived  with  her  and  in  order  to  separate  them, 
they  procured  a  midshipman's  berth  for  him  on  board  one  of  his 
Majesty's  ships  in  which  he  served  some  years  and  died  about  the 
time  he  was  promoted  to  a  Lieutenancy.  They  had  one  daughter 
who  married  respectably  and  the  widow  passed  the  remainder  of 
her  life  in  comfort  with  her.  My  sister  Rebecca  had  learnt  dress- 
making and  to  perfect  herself  she  came  to  Deerfield  at  this  time  to 
live  with  a  dressmaker  and  her  going  there  was  the  means  of  her 
being  acquainted  with  your  uncle  Barnard,  whom  she  married  two 
years  afterwards,  and  that  led  to  my  acquaintance  and  marriage  with 
your  mother.*  My  stopping  at  Deerfield  at  that  time  brought  about 
those  family  connections  which  it  is  not  probable  would  have  hap- 
pened but  for  that  circumstance.  After  working  the  second  sum- 
mer at  Charlestown  I  made  a  visit  during  the  winter  to  Weston 
and  Boston.  My  uncle  Isaac,  my  mother's  brother,  then  kept  a 
retail  store  at  Weston  and  wanted  an  assistant  and  invited  me  to 
come  and  live  with  him  for  that  office  and  I  accepted  his  offer  and 
went  back  to  Charlestown  and  settled  my  business  there  and  returned 
to  my  uncle's  at  Weston,  and  remained  there  with  him  until  May, 
1765,  when  two  of  Col.  Nathan  Jones'  brothers,  Israel  and  Josiah, 
and  I  agreed  to  go  to  Gouldsboro'  and  commence  clearing  land  for 
a  farm  for  each  of  us.     We  began  with  good  resolution,  felling  the 


♦Mr.   Stephen  Jones  married,  in  August,   1772,     Sarah  Barnard,  sister  of 
Joseph  Barnard,  his  sister  Rebecca's  husband. 


AUTOBIOGRAPHY   OF   STEPHEN   JONES  211 

trees  on  the  easterly  side  of  the  Bay,  below  where  Col.  Jones  after- 
wards  lived,   and   after   labouring  hard    for   six   months   we   were 
obliged  to  abandon  it  and  wholly  lost  our  time  and  labor.     During 
the  summer  I  was  at  Gouldsboro'  my  uncle  Jones  of  Boston  made 
a  voyage  to  Mt.  Desert,  but  finding  no  business  could  be  done  there 
he  proceeded  to  Machias,  where  there  were  mills  and  the  people  in 
want  of  supplies,  and  finding  he  could  do  business  to  advantage  he 
made   two  or   three  voyages   during  the   season   and   entered   into 
engagements    for   building   mills   the    next   year   at   East   river.      I 
returned    to   Weston    in    December   and    on    visiting   my   uncle   in 
Boston  soon  after,  he  proposed  to  me  to  go  to  Machias  and  take 
charge  of  his  business  there,  and  thinking  his  proposal  advantageous, 
I  went  with  him  to  Machias  and  arrived  there  on  Friday,  the  22nd 
of  March,  1776,  having  left  Boston  the  previous  Monday.     I  con- 
tinued at  Machias  without  paying  any  visit  to  Boston  or  my  friends 
in  the  country  until  August,    1771.     A  committee  of  council  con- 
sisting of  the  late  Gov.  Bowdoin,  Gen.  Brattle  and  Thomas  Hubbard, 
Esqr.,  with  the  Rev.  Dr.  Lothrop  of  Boston  as  their  chaplain  came 
to   Machias   with   my   uncle  Jones   in  one  of   his  vessels   to  make 
inquiry  into  the  grounds  of  a  complaint  exhibited  by  the  O'Briens 
and  some  others  against  Jonathan  Longfellow,  Esqr.,  of  Machias 
for  mal-eonduct  as   a   magistrate.     Whilst  they  were  at   Machias 
they  lived  with  my  uncle  and  myself  in  the  old  house  that  stood  on 
the  ground  where  my  present  house  stands  and  when  they  returned 
to  Boston  I  accompanied  them.     After  our  arrival  in  Boston  these 
gentlemen  treated  me  with  great  civility  and  attention,  both  before 
1  went  into  the  country  and  after  my  return.     During  my  absence 
in  the  country  the  committee  made  their  report  to  the  governor  and 
council  and  they  found  that  Justice  Longfellow  had  misconducted 
in  his  office,  but  they  considered  that  in  the  then  lawless  state  of 
the  place  it  would  be  injurious  to  the  due  execution  of  the  laws  to 
remove    Mr.    Longfellow    and    redommended    the    appointment    of 
another  magistrate,  and  I  was  selected   for  the  office,  which  was 
quite  unexpected  by  me,  but  I  received  notice  of  it  before  I  left 
the  country  on  my  return,  and   during  my  visit  to   Deerfield  my 
engagement  with  your  mother  took  place  and  I  returned  to  Machias 
in  December  of  that  year  and  went  again  to  Boston  and  Deerfield 
in  August  of  the  next  year,  1772,  and  we  were  married  and  arrived 
in  Machias  in  October,  after  a  passage  of  four  weeks  from  Boston. 
1  now  entered  into  a  joint  partnership  with  my  uncle  and  his  son, 
J.  C.  Jones,  for  carrying  on  the  Machias  business,  and  we  were  doing 


212       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

very  well  until  the  commencement  of  the  Revolutionary  war  in 
April,  1775.  That  put  an  end  to  our  business  and  at  the  close  of 
the  year,  I  with  your  mother  and  brother,  then  about  7  months 
old,  embarked  on  board  a  vessel  for  Newburyport,  where  we  arrived 
in  safety  after  a  perilous  passage  of  28  days.  Then  from  thence 
we  went  to  your  grandfather  Barnard's  at  Deerfield,  where  she 
with  your  brother  remained  until  March,  1778.  I  returned  to 
Machias  in  May,  '76,  and  in  August  of  the  same  year  again  embarked 
for  Newburyport.  The  vessel  in  which  I  had  taken  passage  was 
captured  at  the  mouth  of  the  Narraguagus  river  by  the  boats  of 
the  British  sloop  of  war  Viper,  Samuel  Graves  commander,  and  we 
were  sent  to  Annapolis  and  put  on  shore.  I  got  back  to  Machias 
the  end  of  September  and  sailed  again  on  a  vessel  bound  to  New- 
buryport, the  first  of  December.  We  arrived  in  safety  after  a 
passage  of  20  days  and  I  went  on  immediately  to  Deerfield  and 
found  your  mother,  brother  and  friends  all  in  good  health.  They 
had  not  heard  of  me  from  the  time  of  my  embarking  in  August 
until  I  was  within  a  short  distance  of  Deerfield.  Your  mother, 
brother  and  myself  soon  after  joined  your  aunt  Lyman  and  the 
elder  children  at  Northampton  and  went  on  to  Chesterfield  to  an 
establishment  for  the  small-pox,  where  we  all  took  the  disease  by 
inoculation.  We  were  confined  there  three  weeks  and  were  nearly 
starved  and  frozen.  The  building  had  been  hastily  put  up  and  was 
very  slight  and  the  weather  very  cold  during  the  time  we  were  there, 
but  we  were  carried  safely  through  the  disease  and  were  very 
thankful  when  it  was  over.  It  was  a  necessary  precaution  to  be 
taken  as  the  disease  had  been  spread  by  the  soldiers  and  had  become 
very  prevalent  throughout.  I  left  them  again  the  first  of  May,  'yy, 
for  Machias,  went  to  Boston  and  embarked  on  a  vessel  owned  and 
commanded  by  the  late  Mr.  Hoi  way  of  Machias.  The  vessel  was 
very  unseaworthy,  but  there  being  no  other  opportunity  for  me  I 
took  passage  in  her.  On  the  third  day  we  encountered  a  heavy 
thunder  storm  and  were  very  nearly  driven  on  shore,  but  by  the 
exertions  of  the  crew  and  passengers  this  disaster  was  averted,  the 
storm  abated  and  the  next  day  we  arrived  in  safety  at  Machias. 
This  I  viewed  as  another  providential  escape,  when  in  a  very  peril- 
ous situation.  I  remained  at  Machias  until  Jan.  3d,  '78,  when  T 
again  embarked  on  board  of  one  of  my  uncle's  vessels,  commanded 
by  one  Haines,  a  very  timid  and  careful  man.  Old  Mrs.  Chaloner 
was  also  a  passenger.  We  were  four  weeks  getting  to  Winter  har- 
bor.    T  left  the  vessel  then  and  went  on  to  Saco,  in  company  with 


AITOBIOGRAPHY   OF   STEPHEN   JONES  213 


C  apt.  Daniel  Sullivan,  the  eldest  brother  of  the  late  Gov.  Sullivan, 
lie  lived  at  Frenchman's  Bay  and  was  passenger  in  another  vessel. 
Gov.  Sullivan  then  lived  at  Saco  and  was  one  of  the  Judges  of  the 
Supreme  Court.  We  supped  and  slept  at  his  house  and  breakfasted 
at  a  Mr.  Gray's,  whose  daughter  had  married  John  Cassie,  Esqr., 
of  Passamaquoddv,  whom  I  was  acquainted  with.  I  dined  with 
Judge  Sullivan  and  the  afternoon  appearing  fine,  I  set  off  by  land 
for  Newburyport.  I  reached  a  tavern  near  the  town  of  Wells  and 
put  up  for  the  night.  The  weather  became  very  cold  and  it  froze 
hard  during  the  night.  1  set  out  again  early  in  the  morning  and 
found  it  very  slippery,  got  to  Preble's  tavern  at  Old  York  between 

6  and  7  o'clock  and  put  up  for  the  night,  but  the  next  morning  I 
was  so  stiff  and  lame  from  the  previous  day's  journey  over  the 
slippery  roads  that  I  could  hardly  move.  It  was  now  the  31st  of 
January.  I  went  on  6  miles  to  breakfast  and  afterwards  went  on  to 
Greenland,  where  I  dined  about  2  P.  M.  It  commenced  snowing 
and  I  put  up  for  the  night.  The  next  morning  being  fair  I  again  set 
(Ait  between  7  and  8  o'clock.     Found  the  travelling  very  bad,  went 

7  miles  to  Leavitt's  tavern  at  Hampton  to  breakfast.  Afterwards 
went  on  and  reached  Salisbury  Ferry  opposite  Newburyport  about 
3  o'clock,  but  was  detained  some  time  before  I  could  cross.  I  then 
went  on  to  my  cousin's,  J.  C.  Jones,  and  stayed  a  fortnight,  for 
the  arrival  of  the  vessel  I  left  at  Winter  harbor,  as  I  had  left  the 
principal  part  of  my  wardrobe  on  board.  But  I  became  tired  of 
waiting  and  set  out  with  a  horse  and  chaise  for  Deerfield  to  bring 
your  mother  and  brother  back.  I  arrived  at  Deerfield  the  third  day 
after  I  left  Newburyport  and  found  all  well. 

We  left  Deerfield  early  in  March  on  our  return,  spent  a  few  days 
with  my  sister  Lyman  at  Northampton  and  then  went  on  to  Belcher- 
town  and  passed  a  couple  of  days  with  our  friends  there.  On  the 
14th  of  March,  a  day  to  be  remembered,  we  proceeded  on  our 
journey  and  as  the  chaise  was  heavily  laden  with  ourselves  and  our 
luggage,  I  walked  up  the  hills,  which  were  numerous  and  some  of 
them  very  high.  The  day  was  so  hot  that  I  was  very  glad  to  lay 
aside  my  coats  and  walk  in  my  shirt-sleeves  and  your  mother  was 
obliged  to  throw  off  her  cloak  and  have  the  back  side  of  the  chaise 
rolled  up.  We  reached  a  tavern  in  Weston  and  put  up  for  the  night, 
in  the  course  of  which  the  wind  got  into  the  N.  W.  and  blew  a 
gale,  but  as  w^e  were  anxious  to  get  on  and  the  weather  was  bright, 
after  breakfast  we  set  off,  wishing  very  much  to  get  to  Dr.  Fox- 
craft's  at  Brookfield,  about  8  miles  on  the  road.  After  we  set 
4 


2i4       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


out  we  found  the  cold  intense  and  were  almost  overcome  by  it 
before  we  could  reach  the  Inn  at  West  Brookfield,  only  5  miles 
distant,  where  we  stopped  and  warmed  ourselves  thoroughly  and 
again  set  off  for  Dr.  Foxcraft's.  Part  of  the  road  was  miry  and 
our  wheels  became  almost  a  solid  body  from  the  mud  freezing  upon 
them.  We  however  arrived  safely  at  the  Doctor's  and  passed  a  very 
pleasant  day  and  night.  The  next  day  the  weather  having  moderated 
we  proceeded  on  our  journey  and  reached  Newburyport  the  third 
day  afterwards,  and  remained  there  with  our  friends,  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
J.  C.  Jones  till  a  schooner  of  about  30  tons,  belonging  to  him  was 
ready  to  sail  for  Machias.  Haines  again  had  the  command.  We 
had  a  pleasant  passage  along  shore  and  arrived  at  Machias  without 
accident  of  any  kind  in  about  10  days. 

I  omitted  mentioning  in  its  place  that  in  the  winter  of  'jy  a  num- 
ber of  restless  refugees  from  Cumberland  in  Nova  Scotia  besieged 
the  Mass'tts  Legislature,  until  in  March,  they  consented  to  assist 
them  in  an  expedition  against  Fort  Cumberland,  to  consist  of  2 
Reg'ts,  one  of  them  to  consist  of  refugees,  the  other  of  citizens  of 
Mass.,  both  to  rendezvous  at  Machias.  When  I  heard  of  the  plan 
I  disapproved  of  it  entirely,  as  a  piece  of  folly  and  madness  and 
that  must  terminate  in  defeat  as  a  former  attempt  had  in  1775,  to 
the  mortification  of  those  who  went  from  amongst  us  and  the  ruin 
of  those  who  joined  in  Cumberland,  and  for  my  opposition  to  this 
and  the  former  expedition,  I  was  stigmatized  as  a  Tory,  but  con- 
scious of  the  rectitude  and  correctness  of  my  opinion,  I  did  not 
fear  any  of  them,  and  they  were  all  convinced  afterwards  that  I 
was  right,  and  Gen.  Washington  when  he  heard  of  the  intended 
expedition  disapproved  of  it  in  toto,  and  orders  came  to  counter- 
mand it,  but  the  British  commander  in  chief  having  obtained  informa- 
tion of  the  intended  attack  against  Cumberland  and  that  it  was  to 
rendezvous  at  Machias,  dispatched  Commodore  Barclay  with  three 
Frigates  to  proceed  to  Machias  and  defeat  it.  They  arrived  about 
the  middle  of  August.  When  they  passed  Moosepecky,  I  was  at 
my  salt  works  at  Englishman's  river  and  immediately  set  out  for  my 
house  in  Machias  and  arrived  there  about  the  same  time  that  the 
information  of  the  appearance  of  the  ships  at  the  mouth  of  the 
river  did.  The  news  spread  in  all  directions  and  the  women  and 
children  of  West  Machias  were  sent  back  into  the  woods.  I  removed 
all  my  furniture  from  my  house  to  a  point  of  land  on  Middle  river. 
The  British  passed  the  day  after  their  arrival  in  making  prepara- 
tions   for   the   attack.      The   next   morning   the   ship's  boats,   with 


AUTOBIOGRAPHY   OF   STEPHEN   JONES  215 


about  400  troops  and  marines,  came  up  to  Indian  Jene  and  landed 
under  a  thick  fog  and  got  very  near  our  people  at  Avery's  Point, 
then  Scott's,  before  they  were  discovered,  but  fortunately  escaped. 
The  enemy  set  fire  to  two  houses  and  some  other  buildings  on  the 
Point.  In  the  afternoon  the  brig  Hope,  16  or  18  guns  with  the 
boats  and  a  sloop  they  had  taken  below  and  all  the  troops  came  up 
with  flood  tide.  It  being  calm  they  towed  the  brig  and  sloop  to 
White  Point,  where  they  anchored.  We  were  in  momentary  ex- 
pectation of  their  landing  at  White  Point  and  a  number  of  men  and 
several  Indians  were  sent  to  oppose  their  landing.  One  boat's  crew 
was  sent  to  take  something  and  whilst  they  were  doing  so  Francis 
Joseph,  son  of  the  Governor  of  Passamaquoddy,  discharged  a  long 
gun  at  the  boat  and  it  was  said  killed  one  or  more  of  the  men.  The 
boat  immediately  returned  to  the  Brig  and  the  anchors  were  imme- 
diately hove  up  and  the  whole  flotilla  proceeded  down  the  river. 
A  party  was  immediately  sent  to  attack  them  as  they  passed  the 
headland  of  Deacon  Libby's  farm,  from  that  point  they  fired  upon 
the  boats  and  disabled  many  of  the  men  so  that  they  were  obliged 
to  give  up  towing  the  Brig  and  she  grounded  on  the  flats  opposite 
the  house  where  Palmer  now  lives.  Had  the  party  been  reinforced 
and  remained  to  have  attacked  her  in  the  morning,  they  could  have 
picked  off  even'  man  that  appeared  on  deck,  but  they  were  all  very 
much  fatigued,  having  had  no  rest  for  24  hours  and  the  opportunity 
was  lost.  By  some  oversight  the  breastwork  at  Scott's  Point  was 
left  with  only  London  Atus  (a  young  negro)  to  guard  it,  only  one 
man  was  killed  in  this  affair  on  our  side  and  Capt.  Farnsworth  very 
slightly  wounded.  A  grist  mill  above  the  Phinny's  was  burnt  by 
the  enemy  and  this  with  the  buildings  before  mentioned  was  all  the 
injury  that  was  done,  although  they  published  a  pompous  account 
in  a  book  called  the  Field  of  Mars,  of  their  having  destroyed  three 
magazines  of  rice,  flour  and  tanned  hides.  I  do  not  suppose  there 
was  a  pound  of  flour  or  rice  in  the  buildings  they  burnt,  nor  any- 
thing like  tanned  hides,  excepting  some  parings  of  leather  in  one  of 
the  buildings,  where  a  shoemaker  had  worked. 

I  had  this  year,  'jj,  taken  down  some  salt  kettles  for  the  purpose 
of  making  salt,  and  set  them  up  at  a  place  called  Englishman's  river, 
thinking  it  would  not  be  safe  to  establish  the  works  at  the  mouth  of 
the  Machias  river.  This  was  the  place  I  was  at  when  the  ships 
passed.  I  expended  a  good  deal  of  money  and  labored  very  hard 
myself,  but  to  very  little  profit  and  receiving  paper  money  for  what 
I   sold,  which  became  so  depreciated,  that  my  hopes  were  great. 


216       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

Your  mother  and  I  lived  in  a  small  log  house  at  the  salt  works,  from 
the  autumn  of  the  year,  '78,  till  May,  '79,  when  we  again  moved 
to  Machias  as  she  was  very  soon  expecting  her  confinement  and  in 
July  your  sister  Sally  was  born.  In  March  before  we  removed,  I 
took  passage  with  Capt.  Haines  for  Newburyport,  in  the  same 
schooner  that  took  us  to  Machias.  We  reached  south  west  harbor, 
Mt.  Desert,  when  we  were  informed  that  a  Liverpool  Privateer  from 
Nova  Scotia  had  passed  up  a  few  days  before  and  would  without 
doubt  be  back  again  in  a  day  or  two.  We  had  heard  of  her  before 
we  left  home  and  had  some  fear  of  her.  We  therefore  decided  if 
the  weather  would  permit  we  would  make  a  run  back  and  get  within 
Mt.  Desert.  The  next  morning  proved  fine  with  a  westerly  breeze 
and  we  got  under  way  and  stood  to  the  eastward  along  the  shore 
of  the  mount,  but  a  strong  ebb-tide  setting  out  of  Frenchman's  Bay 
and  the  wind  being  light  we  were  compelled  to  come  to  anchor  in 
a  cove  near  the  easterly  end  of  the  moutain  to  wait  for  the  flood  tide 
and  in  the  afternoon  we  got  round  to  the  narrows  and  anchored 
for  the  night.  We  afterwards  heard  that  the  Privateer  arrived  at 
south  west  harbor  about  two  hours  after  we  left  it,  so  that  we  had 
a  fortunate  escape.  The  schooner  had  a  valuable  cargo  of  furs,  etc., 
etc.,  belonging  to  J.  C.  Jones,  Esq.  We  proceeded  on  our  voyage 
up  the  narrows,  but  on  the  westerly  side  of  them  we  found  a  mass 
of  thick  old  ice  extending  from  shore  to  shore  with  the  wind  north 
which  continued  for  several  days,  but  after  a  good  deal  of  labor  we 
forced  a  passage  through  and  got  on  to  the  head  of  Eggemoggin 
reach,  but  the  next  morning  being  overtaken  by  a  snow  storm  we  put 
into  Long  Island  harbor  (Penobscot  Bay)  and  the  next  day  got  to 
Owl's  Head  and  anchored,  the  wind  being  against  us.  The  next 
morning  the  wind  being  fair  for  running  along  shore  we  got  under 
way,  altho'  there  was  every  appearance  of  an  impending  snow 
storm,  but  there  being  frequent  harbors  on  our  lee,  the  Capt.  ven- 
tured on,  altho'  timid  himself,  his  brother  who  was  his  mate,  was  a 
stout  hearted  sailor.  The  storm  passed  off  and  we  passed  Townsend 
harbor  in  the  hope  of  getting  to  Portland,  but  before  we  reached 
the  mouth  of  the  Kennebec  river,  a  thick  snow  storm  set  in  and 
we  found  it  necessary  to  run  for  the  river  and  try  to  get  into  Beal's 
harbor  near  the  mouth  of  it.  The  wind  was  directly  against  us 
and  the  passage  narrow,  but  the  vessel  worked  well  and  we  got 
safely  in  and  anchored  before  the  tide  turned  against  us.  Here  I 
had  another  providential  escape  from  most  imminent  danger  for 
a  violent  gale  from  the  northeast  with  heavy  snow  continued  during 


AUTOBIOGRAPHY   OF   STEPHEN   JONES  217 


the  night.  As  soon  as  the  weather  cleared  and  the  gale  ceased  we 
went  on  to  Portland,  where  I  met  Col.  Jones,  who  had  arrived  there 
a  few  hours  before  us.  We  found  there  had  been  so  great  a  fall  of 
snow  the  day  and  night  before  as  almost  to  block  up  the  streets. 
We  were  detained  several  days  by  head  winds  and  I  passed  the  time 
very  pleasantly  with  my  friends  in  the  town,  but  the  place  had  a 
desolate  appearance  in  remaining  in  the  same  state  that  it  was 
reduced  to  by  the  fire  set  by  Capt.  Mowat  in  the  autumn  of  1775. 
As  soon  as  the  wind  favored  us  we  proceeded  to  Newburyport  and 
I  joined  my  friends,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  C.  Jones  again.  Afterwards 
I  reached  home  in  safety.  In  June  1780,  having  received  a  message 
from  Col.  Jones  that  he  was  about  to  sail  for  Boston  in  a  vessel  of 
his  own  and  offering  me  a  passage,  I  determined  to  accept  it  as  I 
was  in  want  of  some  supplies  and  I  walked  from  Machias  to  French- 
man's Bay.  We  arrived  in  Boston  on  St.  John's  day.  I  paid  a  visit 
to  Weston  and  made  an  excursion  with  Col.  Jones  to  Lancaster 
and  Provincetown,  where  we  both  had  friends  and  acquaintances. 
We  also  visited  Mr.  Dunbar  at  Harvard  (Worcester  Co.),  whose 
w  ife  was  Col.  Jones'  sister.  We  came  back  to  Boston  and  I  returned 
with  him  to  Frenchman's  Bay  and  walked  from  thence  to  Machias. 

I  did  not  attempt  to  go  to  the  westward  again  until  after  the  close 
of  the  Revolutionary  war.  I  worked  hard  in  the  summer  in  culti- 
vating the  land  and  in  the  winter  cut  and  hauled  my  own  firewood, 
made  my  own  fires  and  tended  my  cattle,  gave  up  the  salt  works 
altogether,  as  it  was  attended  with  great  labor  and  no  profit,  in 
fact  it  involved  me  in  debt  to  my  kind  friend,  Mr.  J.  C.  Jones.  He 
has  always  treated  me  with  the  kindness  of  a  brother  and  from  his 
first  and  present  wife,  I  have  received  great  kindness  and  attention, 
much  more  than  I  had  any  right  to  expect  and  from  his  late  father, 
my  honored  uncle,  whose  parental  kindness  I  shall  recollect  with 
respect  and  gratitude  while  my  life  and  memory  last. 

In  the  month  of  June,  1783,  I  went  to  Boston  to  make  some 
arrangements  with  Mr.  Jones  respecting  the  Machias  business  and 
lie  recommended  that  Mr.  Coffin  and  myself  should  enter  into  part- 
nership for  carrying  on  the  business,  which  we  agreed  to  and  I 
returned  home  with  a  stock  of  provisions  and  goods  to  begin  with 
and  proceeded  with  every  prospect  of  success  until  the  year  '86, 
when  the  State  Legislature  in  their  mad  folly  passed  a  non-intercourse 
law  prohibiting  British  vessels  coming  into  our  ports,  unless  the 
vessels  belonging  to  the  State  were  permitted  to  enter  British  Provin- 
cial ports,  and  the  other  states  not  passing  a  similar  law,  the  whole 


218       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

British  trade  was  drawn  from  the  Commonwealth  and  our  boards 
which  were  worth  $8  a  thousand  were  at  once  reduced  to  less  than 
$3.  By  this  we  suffered  greatly  in  our  business  and  the  term  of 
our  partnership  terminating  the  next  year,  was  never  renewed.  I 
have  since  continued  to  do  some  business  in  a  small  way  so  as  to 
cover  necessary  expenses  and  through  the  goodness  of  Divine  Provi- 
dence and  the  assistance  of  kind  friends  I  continue  to  this  day  in 
the  enjoyment  of  as  much  health  and  strength  as  can  be  expected 
by  a  person,  who  has  entered  the  third  month  of  the  eighty-first 
year  of  his  age  and  also  in  the  enjoyment  of  as  many  of  the  com- 
forts of  life  as  are  necessary  for  health.  Whilst  I  was  an  appren- 
tice, I  wounded  myself  three  times,  twice  in  the  ankle  and  once  on 
the  outside  of  my  right  foot  and  also  when  I  lived  at  Charlestown. 
I  wounded  myself  severely  across  my  left  foot,  cutting  it  quite  to 
the  bone  and  I  still  feel  the  inconvenience  to  this  day  of  the  wound 
I  then  received,  probably  from  its  not  being  skillfully  treated  at  the 
time.  In  the  month  of  November,  1773,  I  was  attacked  with  a  vio- 
lent lumbago  and  during  ten  days  I  suffered  the  most  excruciating 
pain  and  was  confined  to  the  house  the  most  part  of  the  winter  and 
several  years  since  I  attended  our  May  Meeting  at  East  river,  and 
the  day  being  a  very  raw  and  cold  one,  I  increased  a  cold  I  already 
had  and  was  for  several  days  confined  to  the  house  and  threatened 
with  a  fever.  I  never  had  a  serious  illness  or  a  bone  broken  or 
misplaced.  I  escaped  two  vices  that  young  men  who  go  into  the 
army  frequently  fall  into,  that  is  intemperance  and  profane  swear- 
ing. The  second  summer  after  I  went  to  Worcester,  I  was  mowing 
in  a  meadow  on  my  uncle's  farm  and  I  came  upon  a  rattlesnake 
coiled  up  directly  before  me.  It  was  the  first  one  I  ever  saw.  I 
retreated  and  procured  a  club  and  killed  it.  If  I  had  passed  on 
cne  side  of  him,  he  might  have  sprung  upon  me  and  given  me  a 
fatal  bite.  I  considered  it  as  a  providential  escape.  The  foregoing 
is  a  narrative  of  some  of  the  important  event  of  my  past  life.  The 
perusal  may  be  interesting  to  you  and  this  feeling  prevents  my  con- 
signing it  to  the  flames.  The  want  of  early  instruction  and,  the  busy 
life  of  my  riper  years,  prevented  my  acquiring  an  accurate  knowl- 
edge of  grammar  or  composition.  It  cannot  therefore  be  expected 
that  I  can  write  very  correctly,  but  as  I  do  not  write  for  publication, 
it  is  not  essential.  The  child  will  excuse  the  errors  of  the  parent, 
which  are  the  effect  of  the  want  of  earlv  instruction. 


THE   PINES   OF  MAINE 


219 


Guilford  Centennial 

(Brunswick  Record) 

Guilford,  one  of  the  best  towns  in  Maine,  will  celebrate  its 
centennial  in  June.  We  know  that  the  citizens  of  this  town  will 
do  the  thing  well.  The  history  of  Guilford  is  exceedingly  inter- 
esting because  throughout  there  has  existed  that  greatest  of  all 
assets  in  any  place,  loyalty  to  the  home  town.  When  Guilford 
people  have  needed  to  build  a  church,  a  new  schoolhouse,  a  new 
hotel,  (it  lias  one  of  the  best  of  any  town  of  its  size  in  the  State), 
or  a  large  and  costly  woolen  mill,  it  has  had  public  spirited  citizens 
come  forward  with  the  necessary  votes  and  cash.  Loyalty  to  its 
institutions  and  to  its  business  men  has  characterized  its  whole 
history.  "Trade  at  home"  has  been  a  motto  which  has  always  been 
well  lived  up  to.  This  is  the  reason  that  Guilford  has  some  of  the 
most  attractive  business  places  in  Piscataquis  county.  Satisfied 
with  two  prosperous  churches,  both  have  modern  edifices  for  wor- 
ship, good  parsonages  for  the  ministers  and  the  latter  have  always 
received  salaries  above  those  usually  paid  in  a  town  of  a  population 
of  about  2,000.  There  are  no  classes  or  cliques  in  Guilford.  In 
social  and  business  life  there  is  a  spirit  of  unity  which  has  made 
for  happiness  and  success. 


A  Maine  Lumbering  Camp  in  Winter  Season 


220       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

Some  Early  Settlers  of  Barnard, 
Maine 

For  some  years,  from  1794  to  1834,  Barnard  was  a  part  of  the 
town  of  Williamsburg.  In  the  latter  year  its  was  set  off  as  a  sepa- 
rate town  by  act  of  Legislature. 

Some  of  the  early  settlers  came  from  Sebec,  some  from  Bruns- 
wick and  vicinity,  and  some  from  the  green  little  isle  of  Erin. 
Clearings  were  made  in  various  part  of  the  town  and  homes  and 
school  houses  built. 

Edmund,  Thomas  and  William  Ladd  came  from  Saco.  William 
settled  on  what  is  now  the  Robert  Williams  place  in  Williamsburg, 
later  moving  to  "Ladd  Hill"  in  Barnard.  Thomas  settled  over  the 
line  in  Sebec  on  the  "Mount  Misery  Road."  He  froze  to  death  one 
bitterly  cold  night  on  his  way  home  from  mill  at  Milo.  The  various 
branches  of  the  Ladd  family  in  Piscataquis  county  are  descended 
from  these  three  brothers. 

Moses  Head  came  from  Bowdoinham  with  a  large  family  of  girls. 
Ruth  married  Elias  Dean  and  Elizabeth  married  William  Ladd. 

Over  on  the  Ridge  Road  there  were  several  families — Reuben 
Higgins,  William  Smith,  Thomas  LeMont,  Edward  Clexton,,  James 
Nowlen,  William  Welch,  Patrick  McElroy  and  two  of  the  name  of 
Babcock  and  Lee.  John  Waterhouse  ran  a  lumber  mill  on  Bear 
Brook  where  he  sawed  boards,  shingles  and  clapboards.  He  was 
an  uncle  to  the  late  Frank  Hamlin  of  Milo.  Thomas  Pollard  later 
ran  this  mill.  A  sad  incident  of  these  early  days  occurred  in  his 
family-  Four  of  his  children  were  ill  with  diphtheria  and  died 
within  a  few  days,  two  little  boys  being  buried  the  same  day. 

Out  in  the  "settlement"  proper  the  tide  of  life  flows  on.  Bear 
Brook  still  flows  noisily  on  its  way  ;  but  the  mill  it  turned  is  gone. 
The  trees  have  overgrown  the  clearings  and  only  an  occasional  half 
filled  cellar  with  a  lilac  bush  or  a  hill  of  rhubarb  growing  near  is 
left  to  tell  the  story  of  the  early  settlers  on  the  Ridge  Road. 

Mabel  L.  True. 


PURITAN   OR   PILGRIM  221 


Puritan  or  Pilgrim? 

To  the  Editor  of  Spraguc's  Journal  of  Maine  History: 

I  was  interested  in  a  communication  from  Philip  F.  Turner,  of 
Portland,  in  the  issue  of  your  Journal  of  January,  and  was  surprised 
as  well.  Mr.  Turner  says  that  "those  known  as  Puritans  did  not 
come  over  in  the  Mayflower,  but  came  subsequently  to  Massachusetts 
Lay.  Salem.  Boston,  etc.,  and  those  who  came  in  the  Mayflower 
were  known  as  Pilgrims  and  not  as  Puritans." 

Now,  1  do  not  mean  to  be  either  pedantic  or  presumptous,  but  yet 
I  shall  have  to  take  opposite  ground  from  Mr.  Turner  in  this  matter. 
I  hold  that  the  Pilgrims  were  in  all  respects  Puritans.  It  is  true 
that,  as  Air.  Turner  says,  those  who  came  later,  and  to  Boston,  etc., 
were  better  known  under  the  name  of  "Puritans,"  but  this  is  because 
of  their  greater  numbers,  and  the  sharper  laws  that  they  passed, 
rather  than  from  any  other  difference. 

I  will  try  to  be  brief,  but  necessarily  we  must  examine  the  evidence 
a  little.  The  name  "Puritan"  is  assigned  by  some  writers  to  the 
year  1550,  but  this  is  without  good  reason.  I  mean  with  regard  to 
the  name,  and  not  the  views  of  the  persons  as  dissenters.  In  the 
year  1550  John  Hooper,  on  his  appointment  to  the  bishopric  of 
Gloucester,  refused  to  accept  the  form  of  consecration  and  admis- 
sion. Dr.  Craik  classes  him  with  Peter  Martyr.  Bucer  and  some 
ethers  who  came  back  from  Germany  on  the  accession  of  Edward 
VI,  and  speaks  of  a  few  Englishmen  who  had  remained  in  England 
a?  helping  to  spread  the  movement.  But  Craik  evidently  refers  to 
the  essence  of  Puritanism  rather  than  to  the  ordinary  use  of  the 
name  itself.  To  find  the  first  recognized  use  of  the  term  we  must 
refer  to  Geneva,  and  in  the  years  between  1553  and  1556,  Calvin 
had  much  to  do  with  shaping  the  particular  form  of  dissent  that 
within  these  dates  gave  to  the  world  the  term  "Puritan."  Used 
partly  in  derision  bv  enemies,  but  accepted  by  some  of  the  Puritans 
themselves  as  a  term  of  honor,  it  returned  with  the  Geneva  dis- 
senters of  England  on  the  accession  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  and  thus 
in  the  year  1558  it  was  in  full  use,  and  is  as  correctly  applied  to 
these  dissenters  as  at  any  time  later.  The  other  Protestants  who 
fled  from  England  in  the  time  of  "Bloody  Mary"  went  chiefly  to 
Germany  instead  of  Switzerland,  and  on  coming  back  were  of  course 
in  high  favor,  belonging  as  they  did  to  what  was  now  the  state 
church. 


222       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


It  may  be  remarked  here,  for  the  sake  of  greater  exactness,  that 
while  the  dissenters  were  with  Calvin  and  Knox,  in  Geneva  they 
threw  over  completely  what  was  left  of  their  old  church  forms,  etc., 
and  in  their  stead  published  "The  Service,  Discipline  and  Form  of 
Common  Prayer  and  Administration  of  Sacraments  used  in  the 
English  Church  of  Geneva.  Certainly  these  people  were  now  full- 
fledged  "Puritans"  if  ever  any  were. 

Then  what  followed  ?  Under  Elizabeth  the  Catholics  were 
frowned  upon,  but  hardly  less  were  the  Puritans,  and  in  fact,  of 
the  two  Elizabeth,  if  left  to  herself,  would  probably  have  preferred 
the  Catholics.  In  this  state  of  uncomfortableness,  but  managing  like- 
wise to  make  others  uncomfortable,  the  Puritans  continued  for  a 
while,  and  indeed,  till  the  early  part  of  the  reign  of  James  I.  He 
was  so  narrow,  however,  and  had  such  a  mean  little  nose  for  ferret- 
ing out  and  destroying  what  he  didn't  like,  that  even  the  sturdy 
Puritans — or  at  least,  some  of  them — were  unable  to  stand  it,  and 
presently  Preacher  Robinson  and  his  flock  went  to  Holland.  Even 
here,  however,  things  did  not  suit  them,  and  they  determined  to  cut 
loose  from  Europe  and  try  their  fortunes  in  a  new  land.  But  as 
their  venture  had  a  religious  basis  they  appropriately  called  it  a 
"pilgrimage." 

What  more?  If  they  were  not  "Puritans"  what  were  they?  What 
did  they  lack  that  the  term  calls  for?  See  the  writings  of  their 
second  governor,  Bradford,  as  well  as  evidence  of  other  kinds  going 
back  for  more  than  a  generation  before  the  Mayflower  sailed. 

I  will  append  just  one  other  bit  of  proof.  In  the  "History  of 
Religion"  included  in  Professor  Craik's  History  of  England,  the 
writer,  alluding  to  the  date  of  1558,  specifically  says: 

"The  Calvinistic  brethren  of  Geneva  became,  under  the  name  of 
Puritans,  which  they  now  acquired,  the  fathers  of  English  dissent." 
This  means  the  introduction  of  the  name  into  England.  We  have 
already  seen  how  it  originated. 

All  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted. 

F.  H.  Costello. 

Bangor,  Maine,  February  8,  1916. 


SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

PUBLISHED      QUARTERLY 


Entered  as  second  class  matter  at  the  post  office,  .Dover,  Maine,  by  John 
Francis   Sprag-ue,   Editor   and   Publisher. 

Terms:  For  all  numbers  issued  during  the  year,  including-  an  index  and  all 
special  issues,   $1.00.     Sing-He  copies,   25  cents.     Bound   volumes  of  same,   $1.75. 

Bound  volumes  of  Vol.  1,  $2.50.  Vol.  I  (bound)  will  be  furnished  to  new  sub- 
scribers to  the  Journal  for  $2.00. 

Postage  prepaid  on  all   items. 

Commencing  with  VoL  3,  the  terms  will  be  $1.00  only  to  subscribers  who  pay 
In  advance,  otherwise  $1.50. 


"The  lives  of  former  generations  ar?  a  lesson  to  posterity;  that 
a  man  may  review  the  remarkable  events  which  have  happened  to 
others,  and  be  admonished;  and  may  consider  the  history  of  people 
of  preceding  ages,  and  of  all  that  hath  befallen  them,  and  be1  restrained. 
Extolled  be  the  perfection  of  Him  who  hath  thus  ordained  the  his- 
tory of  former  generations  to  be  a  Idsson  to  those  zvhich  follow." 
— Tales  of  a  Thousand  and  One  Nights. 


Vol.  Ill  APRIL,  1916  No.  5 


General  Joseph  S.  Smith 

Since  the  close  of  the  Civil  War  no  man  in  Maine  connected 
with  military  affairs  and  prominent  in  G.  A.  R.  circles  has  been 
in  the  limelight  more  than  has  General  Joseph  S.  Smith  of  Bangor. 
As  Collector  of  Customs  in  his  home  city  and  around  which  hovers 
a  picturesque  and  interesting  story  of  Maine  politics  in  the  days  of 
President  Hayes,  Hamlin,  Blaine  and  Conkling,  as  business  man, 
as  Manager  at  Togus,  as  publicist,  and  as  a  progressive  and  enter- 
prising citizen  of  our  State,  he  has  for  these  many  years  been  held 
in  the  highest  esteem  by  all  of  the  people  and  admired  and  loved 
by  his  host  of  intimate  friends  who  are  numbered  in  every  walk  of 

life. 

He  was,  during  the  past  year,  appointed  Governor  of  the  Southern 
Branch  of  the  National  Home  at  Hampton,  Virginia,  and  has  under 
him  1797  old  soldiers. 

From  remarks  regarding  his  administration  there  in  the  Wash- 
ington, Virginia,  and  other  newspapers  in  that  section,  we  learn 
that  he  is  as  usual  making  friends  and  "making  good." 

From  the  Industrial  School  News  (New  Scotland,  Pa.)  we  take 
the  following  in  reference  to  this : 


224       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


"By  his  many  acts  of  humanity  already  displayed  that  emanates  from  a 
sincere  and  lovable  heart,  he  has  brought  happiness  and  instilled  vim  in 
many  who  have  labored  under  the  opinion  they  had  been  unjustly  dealt  with 
and  were  purposely  held  under  the  ban  of  continued  punishment  for  the 
slightest  offense  against  the  discipline.  All  is  different  now,  and  as  one 
dear  old  member,  many  times  unfortunate,  puts  it,  'It  is  like  the  sun  burst- 
ing from  the  blackest  cloud  to  note  how  entirely  different  the  home  is  con- 
ducted as  against  the  old  regime.'  However,  as  a  result  of  the  action  of 
the  present  head  of  the  institution  it  would  be  difficult  to  find  a  single 
member  but  has  a  eulogy  of  kind  brave  words  for  our  present  chief." 

Among  General  Smith's  other  good  qualities  is  a  deep-seated 
love  for  old  Maine  and  its  early  history  and  like  numerous  others 
of  Maine's  noted  men  of  today,  he  has  from  the  first  been  a  sub- 
scriber to  the  Journal,  and  under  date  of  February  5,  1916,  writes 
us: 

"I  recently  received  the  January  number  of  the  Journal  and  as 
usual  I  enjoyed  perusing  it  (taking  in  every  word)." 

We  can  assure  the  genial  General,  who  has  well  earned  the  honor 
of  being  called  "Maine's  Grand  Old  Man"  that  his  legion  of  well- 
wishers  in  Maine  join  with  us  in  wishing  him  every  possible  meas- 
ure of  success  for  the  many  more  years  that  we  hope  he  will  remain 
on  life's  western  slope. 


History  Teaching 


The  following  is  an  extract  from  a  paper  by  Professor  Nathaniel 
W.  Stephenson,  professor  of  history  in  the  College  of  Charleston, 
entitled,  "The  Place  of  History  in  the  Curriculum,"  read  before  the 
American  Historical  Association  at  its  annual  meeting  in  1914. 

The  one  thing  needful  in  history  teaching,  the  thing  so  often  missed  but 
without  which  there  is  no  result  worth  while,  is  imagination. 

The  process  of  tidal  historical  study  all  up  and  down  the  scale  from  Kin- 
dergarten to  University  must  be  through  and  through  imaginative.  Not  to 
catalogue  the  features  of  the  past,  but  to  recreate  the  life  that  once  informed 
those  features,  is  the  true  aim  of  history  in  all  its  phases.  To  acquire  the 
difficult  art  of  calling  up  that  life,  of  bodying  it  forth  out  of  the  strange  and 
ambiguous  things  known  as  human  documents,  is  a  feat  of  the  disciplined 
imagination  as  difficult  as  it  is  precious. 


This  issue  of  the  Journal  closes  its  third  Volume. 
We  desire  to  renew  our  thanks  to  all  those  who  have  cordially 
supported  the  Journal  with  their  patronage  and  kind  words. 


NOTES   AND   FRAGMENTS  225 

The  first  number  of  the  next,  and  fourth  Volume,  will  be  issued 
in  May.  Like  those  which  have  preceded  it  this  Volume  will  have 
at  least  five  numbers. 

The  enterprising  town  of  Guilford,  in  Piscataquis  county,  will 
this  year  celebrate  its  one  hundredth  anniversary,  and  arrangements 
have  already  been  made  with  us  for  issuing  a  special  edition  of  the 
Journal,  which  will  contain  a  full  report  of  the  proceedings. 

This  Guilford  special  Centennial  issue  will  be  arranged  similar 
to  the  Sangerville  number  (No.  3,  Vol.  2),  and  will  contain  all  of 
the  doing  and  addresses  delivered  on  that  day  and  a  brief  docu- 
mentary history  of  the  town. 


Notes  and  Fragments 

Castine  people,  appreciative  of  and  anxious  to  preserve  the  his- 
torical landmarks,  relics  and  traditions  of  that  town,  in  which  it  is 
exceptionally  rich,  have  formed  a  Historical  society  for  that  pur- 
pose. The  officers  are:  Pres.,  Dr.  G.  A.  Wheeler;  vice-president. 
C.  W.  Noyes ;  ex.  com.,  W.  A.  Walker,  chairman,  John  Whiting, 
Amy  Witherle,  Katherine  Davenport,  E.  P.  Walker;  sec,  G.  E. 
Parsons ;  treas.,  Boyd  Bartlett. 


As  the  bee  makes  its  first  perfect  cell  at  the  first  attempt,  and 
as  the  beaver  is  a  skillful  and  accomplished  engineer  from  its  baby- 
hood, so  the  Indian,  a  child  of  nature  as  much  as  the  bee  or  the 
beaver,  without  training  or  trainer,  fashioned  when  a  youth,  ages 
and  ages  ago.  with  his  flint  knife  and  bone  awl,  the  ideal  boat  for 
the  treacherous  inland  waters  for  the  rapids  and  the  falls.  He  made 
his  canoe  from  the  bark  of  his  graceful  white  birch  trees,  and  the 
white  man  has  copied  its  model  for  more  than  three  centuries  with- 
out being  able  to  improve  upon  the  plan  of  its  general  construction. 


Mr.  John  Davey,  a  noted  American  naturalist  and  known  as  "big 
brother  to  the  birds,"  talking  to  an  audience  recently,  at  the  West 
Side  Y.  M.  C.  A.  in  New  York  City,  said : 

"Human  life  depends  upon  vegetation.  WTe  would  all  starve  if 
vegetation  ceased  for  a  year.  But  vegetation  depends  upon  the 
birds,  who  protect  it  from  destruction  by  insects. 


226       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


"Human  life,  therefore,  depends  upon  the  birds.  All  insectiv- 
orous birds  in  this  country  are  decreasing  10  per  cent  each  year. 
Unless  we  start  at  once  to  increase  their  numbers,  to  protect  them 
and  kill  their  enemies,  within  a  decade  will  occur  the  disaster  to 
humanity  which  I  have  spoken  of — a  catastrophic  horror  more 
awful  than  the  European  war." 

Decrease  in  the  insectivorous  birds,  said  Mr.  Davey,  is  due  to 
destruction  of  forests,  depriving-  birds  of  retreats  from  storms  and 
cold,  and  the  enmity  of  the  English  sparrows,  who,  he  said,  increase 
almost  as  fast  as  the  ton  measured  progeny  of  the  canker  worm. 

"In  the  summer  of  1914,"  writes  Fly-Rod  in  the  Maine  Woods,  "a  party 
who  had  been  at  Jackman,  then  to  Big  Spencer  Lake,  followed  the  trail 
across  to  Pierce's  camp,  and  one  of  the  ladies  who  was  charmed  with  the 
novelty  of  the  trip,  Mrs.  Gait  of  Washington,  D.  C,  is  now  the  'First  lady 
of  our  land,'  the  bride  of  President  Wilson,  and  we  hope  has  given  him 
such  a  word  picture  of  the  beauty  of  Maine,  they  will  some  future  time  come 
to  King  &  Bartlett  and  enjoy  log  cabin  life  and  forget  the  worries  that  the 
President  of  the  United  States  can  not  escape  when,  as  now,  political  clouds 
are  rising." 


THE  HISTORY  OF  YOUR  OWN  TOWN. 

(Brockton  (Mass.)  Enterprise.) 

In  Saugus  they  have  made  a  history  of  the  hundred  years  of 
the  town's  existence  and  are  going  to  use  it  as  a  text-book  for  study 
in  the  schools.  A  similar  scheme  has  been  tried  in  some  city  of 
the  country.  It  would  be  a  wise  idea  if  some  cities  and  towns 
generally  added  such  a  study  to  their  curriculum.  What  more 
interesting  for  an  intelligent  child  than  the  story  of  the  founding 
and  growth  of  his  home  town,  and  of  its  struggles,  its  successes — 
and  its  failures  also — and  of  what  it  makes  and  sells,  and  who  the 
people  were  that  laid  the  foundation  of  the  place,  and  who  the 
people  were  that  raised  the  municipal  structure  upon  that  foundation 
and  then  placed  the  trimmings  on  the  building? 

There  are  lots  of  people  in  Brockton  today  who  do  not  even 
know  such  elementary  history  of  their  city  as  when  it  ceased  to  be 
North  Bridgewater,  or  when  the  old  town  was  set  off  from  Bridge- 
water,  or  who  the  early  manufacturers  of  shoes  were  and  how 
they  carried  on  their  early  business.  We  have  visitors,  as  every 
city  and  town  has,  who  can  tell  a  lot  of  us  facts  in  the  history  of 
the  city  of  which  the  average  Brocktonian  knows  nothing  or  at  best 


NOTES   AND   FRAGMENTS  227 


very  little.  The  study  of  the  history  of  one's  own  place  would  often 
be  found  to  have  some  fascinating  moments  as  well  as  being  very 
useful. 


In    1826   it   was   estimated   that   there  were   then   in   the   United 
States,  470,000  Indians,  consisting  of  260  tribes. 


Mr.  John  J.  Folsom  of  Foxcroft  recently  presented  us  with  a 
collection  of  Maine  Farmers  Almanacs  from  1826  to  1840,  and 
also  an  old  Continental  eight  dollar  bill  dated  "Philadelphia,  Sep- 
tember 26,  1778,"  of  the  currency  used  by  our  forefathers  during 
the  Revolutionarv  war. 


In  the  town  of  Sorrento,  which  a  few  years  ago  was  a  part  of 
Sullivan,  says  the  Lewiston  Journal,  is  a  little  churchyard  on  a  high 
hill  overlooking  Frenchmn's  bay.  Conspicuous  in  one  corner  of 
this  yard  is  a  tall  black  stone  erected  by  the  late  John  S.  Emery  of 
Boston  to  his  grandfather.     The  inscription  reads: 

Capt.  David  Sullivan  was  born  in  Berwick,  Me.,  about  1738.  Moved  to 
New  Bristol,  now  Sullivan,  1763.  Married  to  Abagail,  daughter  of  John  and 
Hannah  Bean,  June  14,  1765,  at  Fort  Pownal  by  James  Crawford,  Es  p 
Commissioned  captain  of  2d  Co.  6th  Lincoln  Reg.  July  nth,  1776.  In  1770 
he  was  present  with  his  company  at  the  siege  of  Bagaduce,  now  Castiue. 
After  the  defeat  of  the  American  forces  there  he  returned  to  Sullivan, 
keeping  up  the  organization  of  his  company  for  the  defense  of  that  section 
until  February,  1781,  when  the  British  ship  Allegiance  sent  from  Bagaduce 
landed  near  his  place,  burned  his  house  and  took  him  prisoner,  taking  him  to 
Bagaduce  where  he  was  offered  parole  by  taking  the  oath  of  allegiance  to 
the  British  government.  This  he  refused  to  do,  and  was  taken  to  Halifax, 
thence  to  the  Jersey  prison  ship  at  New  York.  After  fourteen  months'  im- 
prisonment he  was  exchanged  thru  the  intercession  of  his  brother,  Gen. 
John  Sullivan,  of  New  Hampshire,  and  started  in  a  cartel  for  home,  but 
died  immediately  after  and  was  buried  on  Long  Island. 

A  short  distance  below  the  little  church  yard  is  the  site  of  Capt. 
Sullivan's  home,  and  the  harbor  where  the  Allegiance  fired  upon 
bis  house  is  now  filled  in  summer  with  pleasure  boats  and  steam 
yachts.     What  a  change. 


"Renting  a  Furnished  Apartment"  is  the  title  of  an  exceedingly 
interesting  and  readable  book  recently  issued  from  the  press  of 
J.  S.  Ogilive  New  York,  bv  G.  Smith  Stanton.    Mr.  Stanton  is  also 


228      SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

the  author  of  other  books,  one  of  which  is  "Where  the  Sportsman 
Loves  to  Linger,"  and  is  one  of  the  best  ever  written  on  summer 
life  in  the  Maine  woods. 

This  new  book  is  a  delightful  description  of  the  funny  experi- 
ences of  the  author  and  his  family  while  living  for  a  winter  season 
in  a  furnished  apartment  on  Riverside  Drive  in  New  York  City.  It 
abounds  with  humorous  incidents  and  absurd  situations  and  describes 
with  accuracy  the  lights  and  shades  of  life  in  a  great  city.  It  is  a 
charming  tale  and  all  who  enjoy  real  humor  mingled  with  serious- 
ness, solid  bits  of  the  philosophy  of  life  and  occasional  pathos, 
should  read  it.     It  is  neatly  bound  and  beautifully  illustrated. 

Mr.  Stanton  is  a  summer  resident  of  Maine,  having  a  cottage  on 
the  Bowerbank  shore  of  Sebec  Lake. 


The  recent  publication  by  the  "Maine  Federation  of  Women's 
Clubs"  of  an  attractive  volume  under  the  above  title  dealing  largely 
with  traditions  handed  down  from  one  generation  to  another,  but 
which  had  not  thus  far  appeared  in  print,  is  an  object  lesson  of 
what  might  be  done  by  an  active  association  formed  from  among 
our  Catholic  people,  which  would  make  a  real  effort  to  collect  some 
little  data  on  the  trials  and  hardships  of  our  first  Catholic  settlers, 
the  ones  who  blazed  the  trail,  cleared  the  forests,  and  reared  the 
homes  which  are  perchance  occupied  today  by  their  children  of  the 
third  or  fourth  generation. 

The  pioneer  Catholic  Celtic  population  which  came  to  our  State 
in  the  early  days  of  our  Statehood,  as  well  as  the  Catholic  Canadian 
families,  should  in  old  letters,  diaries,  etc..  have  left  an  immense 
fund  of  interesting  as  well  as  valuable  data  for  the  future  historian 
of  our  people,  by  whom  a  faithful  account  of  their  struggles  could 
be  written  thereby  for  the  use  of  present  and  future  generations. 
The  Maine  Catholic  Historical  Magazine. 


LETTER  FROM  HONORABLE  JAMES  PHINNEY  BAXTER, 

The  Leading  Historian  of  Maine  and  President  of  the  Maine 
Historical  Society. 

Portland,  Maine,  Jan'y  2j,  1916. 
Editor,  Sprague's  Journal  of  Maine  History: 

I  have  just  received  No.  4  of  your  Journal,  and  find  myself  much 
interested  in  two  or  three  of  the  articles. 


SAYINGS   OF   SUBSCRIBERS  229 


Your  Journal  is  valuable,  I  think,  for  stimulating  an  interest  in 
history,  for  people  will  read  short  sketches  where  they  will  not  read 
long  ones. 

I  think  Mr.  Merrill  has  made  an  error  in  the  significance  of  the 
word  "Casco."  I  made  a  very  careful  investigation  of  the  etymologv 
of  the  word,  and  in  my  investigation  consulted  scholars  who  are 
vi  rsed  in  the  language  sufficiently  to  speak  it  with  Old  Town 
Indians,  and  they  all  said  that  the  word  signified  "a  place  of  herons." 

(  )f  course  in  our  own  time  they  have  been  very  abundant,  so 
abundant,  that  Hon.  W.  W.  Thomas  told  me.  when  a  student  in 
Brunswick,  the  Bowdoin  boys  used  to  go  along  the  shores  of  the 
Bay  to  shoot  them,  coming  back  to  Brunswick  with  a  hay-rack 
(in-orated  with  scores  of  them. 

Yours  very  truly, 

James  Phinney  Haxter. 


Sayings  of  Subscribers 

Honorable  George  C.   Wing,   of   Auburn,  lawyer  and  well  known 

public  man  of  Maine: 

"I  want  to  assure  you  that  I  appreciate  what  you  are  doing  in 
the  way  of  preserving  the  early  history  for  Maine." 


Honorable  James  O.  Bradbury,  lawyer  and  senior  member  of  the 
law  firm  of  Bradbury  &  Bradbury.  Saco,  Maine : 
"We  appreciate  and  read  with  care  each  issue  of  Sprague's  Jour- 
nal of  Maine  History"  and  believe  it  of  great  value  not  only  as 
preserving  much  local  valuable  history  but  also  in  inciting  in  the 
minds  of  all  natives  of  Maine  a  greater  desire  to  obtain  and  preserve 
through  the  Journal  and  other  publications  many  items  of  local 
historic  importance,  relating  to  the  colonies,  district  and  State  of 
Maine. 

With  many  wishes  for  the  prosperity  of  yourself  as  an  individual 
and  for  yourself  as  Sprague's  Journal." 


230       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

George  A  Wheeler,  M.  D.,  the  well  known  historian  and  author  of 

History  of  Castine : 

"Enclosed  you  will  find  check  for  the  renewal  of  my  subscription 
to  your  valuable  Journal  of  Maine  History.  Since  you  were  here 
a  local  historical  society  has  been  formed  here  through  the  efforts 
of  Honorable  William  A.  Walker.  Dr.  George  E.  Parsons  is  the 
Secretary  and  we  already  have  some  twenty-five  members." 


Mrs.  Clifton  S.  Humphreys,  Madison,  Maine : 

"You  are  producing  a  very  valuable  and  instructive  work,  and  I 
wish  the  Journal  every  success." 


Mrs.  Janet  Harding  Blackford,  Rochester,  Vt. : 

"I  renew  my  subscription  to  your  interesting  and  excellent  maga- 
zine. I  enjoy  every  number  and  cannot  afford  to  lose  a  single 
copy." 


New  Mount  Kineo  House  and  Annex 

/V\oosehe>e»d    LetRt?,   Kineo,  Maine 

In  the  Centre  of  the  Great  Wilderness  on  a   Peninsula  Under  the 
Shadow  of  Mount  Kineo 

On  the  east  side  of  the  most  beautiful  lake  in  New  England,  forty 
miles  long  and  twenty  miles  wide,  dotted  with  islands,  and  with  hundreds 
of  smaller  lakes  and  streams  in  easy  proximity,  in  the  midst  of  some  of  the 
grandest  scenery  in  America,  is  the 

NEW  MOUNT  KINEO  HOUSE  and  ANNEX 

recently  remodeled  and  with  many  improvements  added:  making  it  second  to  none  for 
comfort,  convenience  and  recreation. 

It  is  a  Palace  in  the  Maine  woods  and  in  the  heart  of  the  (treat  frame  region. 

This  region  leads  all  others  for  trot.'-  and  salmon,  Spring  and  Summer  fishing. 

The    NEW    MOUNT    KINEO    HOUSE    opens    June    27,    remaining 
open    to  September  28th.     New  Annex  opens   May    16,    closes    Sept.  28 

WRITE   FOR   ILLUSTRATED   BOOKLET, 

containing  fvill  description  of  its  attractions  for  health  and  pleasure  during  the  Summer 
season.     Kirst-elass  transportation  facilities  otfered  during  the  seasons. 

Ricker  Hotel  Company,  Kineo,  Maine, 

C   /*.   JUDKINS,    Manager. 


GENERAL    NEAL    DOW 


23  ■ 


General  Neal  Dow. 


232       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


General  Neal  Dow 

A  famous  Maine  man,  descendant  from  John  Dow  of  Tylner, 
Norfolk  county,  England,  and  who  emigrated  to  New  England  in 
1690.  Neal  Dow,  son  of  Josiah  and  Dorcas  (Allen)  Dow,  was  born 
in  Portland,  Maine,  March  4,  1804,  and  died  in  Portland,  October 
7.  1897.  He  served  in  the  late  Civil  War,  and  was  Colonel  of  the 
13th  Regiment  of  Maine  Volunteers. 

He  attained  a  world  wide  reputation  as  the  father  of  the  "Maine 
Law"  passed  by  the  Maine  Legislature  in  1851,  prohibiting  the 
manufacture  and  sale  of  alcoholic  and  malt  liquors  within  the  State. 

Six  attempts  were  made  to  secure  the  passage  of  this  law,  prior 
to  185 1.1  This  law  was,  however,  repealed  by  the  Legislature  of 
1856  and  a  license  law  was  passed.  This  law  remained  in  force 
until  1858  when  it  was  repealed  and  the  law  of  1851  was  re-enacted. 
A  referendum  was  attached  to  this  enactment  and  the  people  by 
their  votes  sustained  it  at  an  election  held  on  the  first  Monday  in 
June,  1858. 

Honorable  Charles  W.  Goddard,  who  was  the  state  commissioner, 
for  Revision  of  the  Statutes  in  1883,  in  a  note  at  the  end  of  Chapter 
27,  Revised  Statutes  of  Maine  (1883)  says: 

"It,  (the  prohibition  law)  has  been  followed  by  39  Statutes  in 
reference  to  intoxicating  liquors,"  and  the  last  act  that  he  cites 
was  passed  in  1881.  Since  1881  there  have  been  eighty-eight  addi- 
tions to  and  amendments  of  the  various  sections  of  this  law.  It 
has  been  three  times  passed  upon  and  sustained  by  the  voters  of 
Maine,  viz : 

The  referendum  of  1858;  the  vote  in  1884,  when  the  people 
voted  to  amend  the  Constitution  by  adding  to  it  the  prohibition  of 
the  sale  of  all  intoxicating  liquors,  excepting  cider ;  and  in  191 1 
on  the  proposed  amendment  to  the  Constitution  to  take  from  it  the 
amendment  passed  upon  by  the  people  in  1884. 

This  was  popularly  known  as  the  "Yes"  and  "No"  vote,  the 
"No's"  winning  by  about  seven  or  eight  hundred  majority. 


O     "Maine's  War  upon  the  Liquor  Traffic"  by  Henry  A.  Wing.     Page  18. 


INDEX 


?33 


INDEX 


A 


Abbot,  Win., 

24 

Acadians, 

14 

Adams,   Rev.  J.  E„ 

64 

Agamenticus    river, 

:;:: 

Age,    The    (Augusta) 

4:: 

Abenaque  Indians, 

39 

Alden,  John, 

27 

Mary, 

27 

Priscilla, 

27 

Aldworth,   Robert, 

33 

Allan,   Colonel  John, 

25,   38,   50 

Allen,    Honorable    Fred    J., 

126 

Alna, 

16 

American    Wars,    Society    of, 

Hit 

Andrews,  Charles  L., 

3.~< 

Andros,    Governor, 

34 

Androscoggin  County, 

39 

Notes, 

3!) 

River, 

17.  32,  39 

Annasaguinticook  Indians, 

:'.:i 

Argus,  Tin'  Eastern, 

4).    4^ 

Aroostook  Poem, 

110 

War. 

49,  51 

Atteau  pond. 

53 

Atus,    London, 

215 

Auburn, 

3!>.    40 

Augusta,    Meeting-   House    in 

(1782)       86 

B 


lir, 


1: 


Bacheller,  Dorothy, 

Badger,  Richard  G„ 

Bagaduce, 

Balch,  Horatio  G., 

Baugor,  Commercial  The 

First  Congregational  Church 
of.  List  of  Members,  1811- 
1856,  106. 158 

First  and  Present  Congress- 
man from  Bangor,  Maine. 
Congressional  District,  133,  158 

Historical  Magazine, 
Historical   Society. 
Banks.  Governor  X.  P.. 
Bar  Harbor  Times,  The, 
Barker, 

David  and  the  Barker  Family 
of      Exeter      and      Bangor 
Maine, 
Daniel, 
David, 

David.   Review  of  Poems 
Lewis, 
Nathaniel, 


15 
29.  93 

95 
10.  44 


181 
181 
184 
1S5.  189 
183 
181 


Barnard, 

Early  Settlers  of  Town  of.  220 

Joseph,  210 

Sarah,  210 

Bartlett,   Dr.   Benj.  D..  103 

Mrs.    Louise    Wheeler,  94 

Barwise,  Mark  A.  18 

Bass.   Albert.  9 

Stanley.  9 

Batchelder,  T.  P.  140 

Bates,  College,  27 

John  B,  139 

Bath,  15,  17.  18.  98 

Baxter.  Honorable  James  P..  34,  228 

Bean,    Hannah.  227 

John,  227 

Julia,  41 

Beauchamp,  John.  32 

Biddeford,  32 

Me..    Cemetery    Inscriptions, 

19,  116.  151.  152.  153.  154.  155 

Pool,  10 

Bingham   Purchase.  50.  57,  65 

Bisbee,  George  D..  47 

Blackford,    Janet    H..  50,230 

Black  Point  Grant,  the  32,  34 

Blanding,  Edward  M.,  12 

Blue  Point.  34 

Boardman,  Samuel  L..  189 

Boies,   Antipas,  16 

Boothby,   Colonel   Frederic  E.,  165 

Boston  Atlas,  42 

Boston  Courier,  41,  42 

Boundary   Gazette,   the  42 

Bonighton,    Richard.  32 

Bowdoin,  18 

College,  38 

Bnwdoinham,  16 

Bradbury,  Honorable  James  O.,  229 

Bradford.  William.  15 

Bradshaw.  Richard.  33 

Brassua    Lake,  56 

Brattle.   Thomas.  16 

Brawn.  Betsey,  6 

Clara  A.,  9 

Frank  H.,  9 

Hiram  A.,  9 

Peter,  6 

Reuben,  6 

Seth.  6 

Susan.  9 

Brooks,  Erastus,  43 

James.  43 

Brown.  Calvin  W..  175 

Charles  P.,  145 

George  P.,  145 

Joseph  Darling,  156 


234       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


Bruce,  Phineas, 
Brunei,   Fred, 
Brunswick, 

Record, 

Town  of, 
Buck,   Olive, 
Bumps,  Charles  F., 
Bunker   Hill, 

Battle  of, 
Burrage,   Rev  Henry   S.. 
Byefield,  Parish, 


194 
35 

18,  40,  141 
138 
138 

0 
20 
93 
02 
32,  4!t 
30 


Cabot,  The  Expedition,  123 

George,  38 

John.  123 

Camniock,  Thomas,  32 

Campbell,   Lucinda  H,  02 

Canada  Road,  the  50,  57.  GO,  07 

Report  of  Agents,  58 

Cannon,  John  T.,  193 

Cape  Elizabeth,  33 

Cape  Porpoise.  32,  33 

Caritunk  Falls.  15 

Carll,  Eugene  C,  35 

Carter,   John   W.   D.,  35 

Casco, 

Bay.  15,  17. 

Cassie,  John 
Castine,    The   Dutch   at, 

Field  Days  at. 

Siege  of. 

The     Taverns.     Stage     Drivers 
and  Newspapers  of, 

Town  of. 
Cemetery    Inscriptions,    Biddeford 

Me., 
Chaloner,   Wm., 
Chamberlain,  Calvin, 

George  W., 

General  Joshua  L..  110. 

Chandler.  Allen, 

Mary   .T.. 

Olive, 

Theophilus  1'.. 
Channing,  Dr.. 
Chapman,   Nathaniel, 
Charlestown.    X.    II..  jus. 

Chase,  Rev.  Andrew  L., 

Honorable  diaries  J., 

Honorable  Joseph, 

Mary. 

Salmon, 
Cheney.  Sibyl, 
Child,   Capt.   Samuel, 
Churchill.  Asa. 
Clark  and   Lake  Claim,  the, 
Cleeve.   George. 


34 

213 
04 
03 
20 

04 


19 


103 

111 

0 

0 

0 

i02 

37 

4s 

210 

01 

175 

104 

104 

37 


LO 


Cleveland.  George  A., 
Clexton,  Edward, 
Cobb,  Hon.  David, 
Cobbosseecontee, 
Colburn,  Jeremiah, 
Colby  College, 

Forest  H., 

Jonas, 

Philander   M., 
Colonial  History   of  Maine, 

ing  Events  in, 
Costello.  F.  H., 
Cousens,   William  T, 
Crafts,  Arthur  Abram, 
Crawford,   James, 
Crosby,  Benj.  S., 

Gen.  John, 

John. 

Honorable  Josiah, 

Sarah, 

Wm.. 
Cumberland  County, 
Curtis,    Jacob    W., 
Gushing,  Wainwright, 
Cutler,  Lysander, 


115, 


185 

220 
23 
15 

143 
28 

130 
62 
GO 


Lead- 


D 


35, 


24 

183 

22 

24 

39 

22 

175 

140 


Daggett,  Windsor  P..  100 

Dana,  Charles  A.,  42 

Danforth,  Thomas,  3,1 

Dow,  General  Xeal,  232 

Danville.  IS,  30 

D   A.    R.,   Gen.   Knox   Chapter,  40 

Davey,  John,  220 

Davie,   George,  17 

Davis,  Amos,  102 

Davison,  Rev.  Charles,  04 

Day,  Holman,  185 

Honorable  A.  R.,  10:: 

Royal.  5,  7 

Deerfleld  River,  205,  212 

De  La   Xoye.   Phillippe,  27 

Delano,  James,  27 

John. 

Jonathan. 

Sophia, 

Dr  Thomas, 

Zebedee, 
DeMonts, 

i  >ennystown   plantation, 
Dexter,   Women's  Literary  Club  of, 
Dill,   Harry   P., 
Dingley,  Frank  L., 
Divining  Rod,  Workers  with  the, 
Donham,   Grenville  M., 
Doric  Lodge,  F.  &  A.  M.. 
Dover,   Mc. 
I  Dresden, 


27 


27 
27 
27 
32 
00 
20 
193 


111 

10 

0 

16 


INDEX 


235 


Druilletts,  Father, 
Dudley,  Almira, 
Ann  E., 

Ann    M.. 

Edmund, 

Elias,  -J--'. 

Hon.    Elias.     Political    Corre- 
spondence of  22,  101, 

Elias  J.. 

George. 

Irving'. 

James, 

John, 

John    <\. 

Mary, 

Mary    G.. 

Pamelia, 

Samuel, 

Sarah  C. 

Stephen, 

Sybil. 

Thomas. 
Du minor,    Jane. 

Stehpen, 
Dunlap,  Gov.  Robert  P.. 
Durgin,  Martin   I... 

Durham.  IS, 

Dutton,  Samuel  E.,  24, 


23 
36 
36 

11 

IT.', 

39 

1.::: 


E 


Bast    Livermore, 

30 

Eastern   Argus.   The. 

41 

.   4S 

Eaton.  Parker, 

101 

Eckstorm,  Fannie  Hardy, 

106. 

15S 

Edwards.   Eugene   Mason. 

110 

Elbridge,  Gyles, 

:::: 

Elliot.   Mrs.    Richard   0., 

46 

Emery.  Hon.    Lucilius   A.. 

22, 

ilt. 

143 

Ralph. 

35 

Estey.  Isaac, 

ITS 

Mary. 

ITS. 

1T'.». 

180 

Evans.  George, 

5T 

Liston  P., 

156 

Eveleth.    The    Family    of. 

Monson 

and   Greenville.   Maine. 

121 

John  H.. 

121 

Oliver. 

V_'1 

Everett.    Edward. 

95 

Falmouth  Grammar  School.  36 

Fa  rn  ha  in.  General  Augustus  r...     50,  130 
Ralph,  A  P.unker  Hill  Patriot.         95 

Fay  &   Scott,  127 

Fellows.   Dr.   Dana   W.,  192 

Fessenden.    William   Pitt.  102,   171 

Field.    P.ohan    T..  24 


Fillebrown,  Col.  Thomas. 

Flagg,   Charles   A.. 

Fletcher's   Neck. 

Folsom,  John  J, 

Forest,  Rev.  Joseph   F..  P.  I'.. 

Forks.  The, 

Fort    at    Auburn, 

at  Brunswick, 

Edward, 

Win.  Henry.  203, 

Fortune,  the  ship. 
Foster.    Samuel   J.. 
Foxcroft, 
Frankfort. 
Freeman,  Barnabas, 
French.    Abel. 

George. 

Levi, 

Richard, 
Fuller.  T  J.  D„ 
Furber,  P.  P.. 


Gallison,   Elder    William    F„ 
Gardiner.   Dr.   Silvester, 

Dr.  Silvester. 
Gendall.    Captain    Walter.     148,    149, 
George  Town. 

Georgetown,    Maine.    The    Ancient 
and   the  Modern. 

Its  Municipal  Changes, 
Getchell,   Levin  C. 
Gilman.    Allen, 

Mary  G.. 
Gilmore,  Miss  Evelyn   L.. 
Glidden,   John   ('".. 
Godfrey.    Charles.  23, 

John  E.. 

John. 
Goodyear,    Moses, 
Gore.  Hon.  Christopher. 
Gorgeana, 

Gorges.    Sir   Ferdinando,  32,   3." 

Gorton.  James. 
Goss.  John, 
Greeley.  Ebenezer. 

Horace, 
Green,  Peter  W.. 
Greene. 

Greenleaf.  Enoch  O.. 
Grindle,  E.  L..  M.  D.. 
Guernsey,   Congressman. 

Edward  Hersey. 

Honorable  Frank  Edward, 

Hannah    (Thompson). 

John, 

Josephine  Frances. 

Samuel  J.. 

Thompson  L.. 
Gutch  or  Gooch  Claim.  The. 


101 

10.-) 
10 

227 
74 
61 
40 
40 

201 

•Jill 
27 

102 

6 

16 

114 
51 

li:: 

li:i 
42 

101 


(1 

<)s 

10 

1.-, ' 

98 


01 

02 

35 

133 

105 

120 

57 

144 

144 

147 

3.-. 

23 

33 

.  31 


11 

42 

25 

18,  39,  4' 1 

10:: 

93 

135 

135 

135 
135 

137 

14.  102 
137 
OS 


236       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


H 


Halt'.  Clarence, 
Hall,  Robert  E., 

Willis  B.. 
Hallowell,    A.    R.. 
Ham,   Reuben, 
Hamlin.  Elijah  L., 

Frank. 

Hannibal, 
Hancox,   Daniel. 
Harpswell, 
Harriman,    Simon. 
Hartford  Convention,  the, 
Harvard   University, 
Hayes.  Charles  YV.. 
Haynes.    Edwin   R.. 
Head.   Moses. 
Heald.    P.   S.. 
Heath,  Joseph, 
Herbert,  George, 
Higgins,  Reuben. 
Hill,   General   John  A., 
Hillard.  George  S., 
Hinckley,   Rev.  George   W., 
Hinckley.   Edmd., 

Gideon. 

Isaac. 
History.    Early    Maine    vs.    Twen- 
tieth   Century. 

Hanson's      of      Gardiner      and 
Pittston, 

Loring's    History    of    Piscata- 
quis County. 

X.   II.   Society. 

Study  of  Local, 

Tearhillg. 

The,   of  Your   Own   Town. 
Hodsdon,  Isaac. 
Hoiden.  Benjamin, 

Capt.    Samuel. 

Jahez, 

Jane,    letter   of, 

Jane   F.. 

Milintus. 

Otis, 

Rachel  P., 

Richard, 
Holmes,  Caroline  M.. 
Hooper,  W.  II.. 
Hubbard,  Thomas, 

Humphreys.    Mrs.   Clifton    S.. 
Hunnewell   ( 'emctory. 

Silas. 
Huston,   A.   J.. 
HutehingS,    Charles, 

William. 
II  utidiiiisi.ii.    Thomas, 


50 

In 

ilians.    Abenaque, 

:;c.i 

ss 

Annasaguinticook, 

39 

33 

Canoes. 

is: 

102 

Xorridgewock, 

141 

40 

Pre-Colonial, 

94 

171 

In 

gersoll,  George  YV.. 

14:; 

200 

49 
70 

J 

18 

Jackman,  Catholic  Church  an 

d   Its 

25 

Schools, 

74 

::s 

<  Jongregational  Church, 

01 

14.   36 

Early    Settlers  of, 

07 

17r. 

Fraternal  Orders, 

71 

10 

F.  W.  Baptist  Church, 

04 

220 

James. 

C.:i 

.  07 

50 

Live  Business  Men  of. 

73 

141 

And   the  Moose  River  Rep 

'ion. 

55 

24 

Origin    of   name. 

63 

220 

Plantation  of,                 55. 

60,   63 

.    07 

1S7 

Village, 

63 

41.    12 

.Tones,  Charles  F., 

.".5 

102 

Ralph  K., 

105 

142 

Jarvis,  Leonard, 

o- 

142 

Je 

ffries,  David, 

17 

142 

Je 

suit   Colonists, 

32 

J. 

ihnson,  Alfred. 

140 

100 

Captain  James. 
Joseph, 

206 

Oil 

193 

P.  C, 

139 

J< 

ihonnot,  Rev.  R.  F., 

.'  15 

178 

Jones,  Capt.  Ephraim, 

200 

194 

J.   C,                                 211.   2 

13,  214. 

210 

101 

Stephen,   Autobiography 

of. 

100 

224 

J( 

mrnalists.  Some  Early  Maine. 

41 

01. 
01. 


63, 


141 

60 

62,  63 

02.  03 

62 

61 

or,.  00 

65,   or, 

01.  62 

63 

22 

93 

211 

230 

00 

90 

80 

20 

2(i 

17 


K 


Keegan,  Hon.  Peter  Charles. 

James. 
Keith,  Jarius  S.. 
Kendall.   Win.   B.. 
Kennebago  Lake. 
Kennebec,  Bingham  Purchase, 

County. 

Historical  Items, 

Map   of   Ancient. 

Notes   on   Ancient, 

Purchase, 

River,  15.  17.  18,  .".0.  01 

Road,   the, 
Kent,  Gov.  Edward,  22, 

King    Phillip's   War, 
Kingsbury,  Mansion. 

Judge  Sanford, 

Town   of. 


10, 

OS, 
50, 
101. 


1! 
11 
5  s 
121 
30 
56 
39 

in 

82 

s:: 

in 

102 
40 
101 
193 
19:: 


INDEX 


237 


Kittery, 

Knowlton,    Mary    (Chapman), 

Hiram. 

William, 
Knox,   Rev.  George, 


Ladd,    Edmund, 

Thomas, 

William, 
Lake  George, 
Lampher,   Stacy, 
Lawsen,  <  Ihristopher, 
Lawsuit.   A    Famous, 
Leach,  Conners  E., 

Hattie  Mabel, 

l John  II.. 

Leeds, 

Leland,  Henry  L., 

Walter, 

William  !•:.. 
I. CM.. iit.  Thomas, 
Leonard,   George, 
Leverett,  Thomas, 
Levett,    Christopher, 
Lewis.   Daniel, 

Thomas, 
Lewiston, 

Journal,  the. 
Lincoln    County, 

P.  W., 
Lisbon. 
Littlefleld,  Ada  Douglass, 

Francis  L.. 

Peter. 
Liverniore.   town  of, 
"Loco-Focos," 
Longfellow,    Alex    W., 

Anne. 

Anne  Sewall, 

Elizabeth, 

Ellen, 

Family  of. 

Henry   W., 

Justice. 

Mary. 

Samuel. 

Stephen. 

Stephen,    sketch   of. 

William. 

Zilpha, 
Long   Pond. 
Lord,    Henry. 
Loud.  Jacob  H., 
Louthrop,    Sullivan, 
Lovejoy.  Captain  Hezekiah 

Elijah   Pariah. 

E.  P.. 

Great   Grandmother, 


4s 

is 

Is 

27 


20 


( (wen  C. 
Rev.  John, 
jonia  Patent,  the. 


li:! 

11- 


M 


220 
220 

204 

IT-". 
Hi 
ir, 

:;.-, 
165 

2t 
is.  ::;»,  411 

ISO 
ISM 

ISO 

220 
nil 


51 

18,  30 

27.    14 

95 

is.  ::!> 

157 

::.-. 

142 

105 
38 
:;s 
3G 
38 


:',s 


211 
38 


S6,   190 

38 

50 
!>:: 
171 
or. 
112 
112 
11:; 
112 


Machegonue,  ">■'• 

Machias,                           194,   221,   212.  214 

River,  213 

Maclauchlan,  Col.,  11 

Madawaska,  11 

Magalloway   river.  :v.> 

Maine,  A  Militia  Document,  139 

As   :i    Winter    Resort,  164 

Birthplace  of  the  State  of.  169 

Catholic  Historical  Magazine,  25,  22S 

Federation  of  Women's  Clubs. 

44,  17-">.  22s 
First  seen  by  Europeans,  12:; 
BistOrical  Society.  34,  141 
History  as  a  Popular  Study.  14 
In  History  and  Romance,  17."> 
In  1920,  94 
In  Verse  and  Story.  115,  185 
Journalists,  Some  Early,  41 
Laws  referring  to  teaching  of 
local  history  in  public 
schools,  125 
Law  Review.  18 
Leading  Events  in  the  Colo- 
nial History  of,  ."'.2 
Legislature,  Resolves,  56,  57 
Library       Association.       Hand 

Book  of,  105 

The    Pines    of.    Poem.  115 
Province  of,                         10,  .32,  33,  34 

Register.  Ill 

Sheriffs  in  1826,  25 

16th  Rest.  4S 

Society.  S.  A.  R..  35 

State  Seminary,  27 
The    Study    of   its    History   in 

our   Schools.  124 

Martin.  Rev.  Geo.  A..  50 

Sarah    Lucas,  95 

Mason,   ('apt.  John,  32 

Dr.   Win.   C,  93 

Massachusetts  Bay.  Colony.  10,  23,  33,  34 

Mayflower,  Descendants  in  Maine,  190 

The.  27 

Mayo.   Col.   Edward  J..  6 

Mellen,  Prentiss,  3S 

Mellett.  Prof.  John  C.  38 

Merrill,  Benjamin,  40 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  Powers,  115 

H.  Augustus,  14S 

Prof.  Lucius  H..  29 

Merritt,  Frank  C.  ISO 

Merrymeeting  Bay.                 S3,  91,  98,  141 

Miller,   Charles,  57 


238       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


"Million  Acres," 

5(5 

Minot, 

18, 

39,  41) 

Stephen. 

1? 

Monhegan, 

32 

Montgomery,   Honorable   Job 

H„ 

19S 

Monson,  Maine, 

5 

Mass., 

5 

Monsweag  Bay, 

17 

"Montpelier," 

4(5 

Moody.  George   B, 

102,   143 

Moor,   Hon.  John, 

101 

Moore,  Seth, 

<;t 

Webster   S„ 

76 

Mooreheatl,  Warren  K, 

it::.  ;tl 

Moosehead  Lake, 

55 

Moose  Horn  Guide  Post, 

51 

Moose    River. 

55, 

56,    61 

Plantation.    lirst    records 

of. 

64-67 

Plantation   History, 

<;i 

List  of  Voters,  1859, 

07 

Plantation, 

55, 

60,  65 

Region,   Jackman  and   th 

e, 

55 

Mooselucmaguntlc  lake, 
Morris,  Capt, 

3<> 

L>00 

o 


Moulton,  Augustus   F., 
Mountains,   boundary  range, 
Murtha,   W.  J., 
Muscongus   Patent,  the 
Mt.  Desert, 

Katabdin. 
McCrillis,   Win.   H., 
McDonald,  William  H„ 
McElroy,    Patrick, 
McGaw,   Jacob, 
McKenney,   Patrick, 


6:; 

32,  211,  21*! 

29 

lo:: 

130 

220 

10:;,    104,    133 

67 


N 


National  Magazine. 

Neguamkike. 

Nelson,   Clias.   Horace. 

New  Brunswick.   University   of, 

Newbury, 

New  Meadows  river, 

Newspaper  Institute, 

Newton,  A  bra  m. 

Noble,  Colonel  Arthur, 

Norridgewoek,   Indian   Fort  at. 

Northeastern  Boundary,     11.    l'.).  55. 

Norton,   Walter, 

Notes  and  Fragments,       46,  1l'7.  193, 

Nourse.   Francis. 

Rebecca, 
Nova  Scotia, 
Noye,  Phillippe  De  Fa. 
Noyes,   Benjamin    L., 

Charles  W„  93,  129, 

Oliver, 
Nowell,  Simon,  Gen., 
Nowlen,  James, 


11 
15 
47 
13 

36 

18 
41 

L'OO 
1  II 

198 

:•,:: 

•JIM 
17^ 
178 

.",1 


17 
101 

220 


Oldham,   John, 
Otis,  Harrison  Gray, 
Oxford,   Captain   Leonard. 
County, 


Packard,   Mrs   B.   M., 

Paine.   Fred  G., 

Palmer,  Barnabas. 

Parker,  Henry, 

Parlin,   Jonas  Jr., 

Parsons,  Honorable  Willis  F 


:;s 
203 


|S 

35 

139 

is 

25 

136 

168 


Patch.  Honorable  Willis  Y.. 
Pattangall,  Honorable   William   U.,      77 
Paulk.  F..  139 
Payson,  Sarah.  41 
Peabody  Museum.  14 
Stephen.  24 
Pease,  Joseph,  181 
Pejepscot,  40 
Purchase,  The.  17 
River.  17,  3:: 
Pamaquid,  15,  33 
Pepperell.  Sir  William.  12(1 
Perkins,  DeForest  II..  45 
Phillips,  Honorable  Allen  M..  12!) 
Philipstown  Plantation.  126 
Phips,   Hon.    Spencer,  141 
Sir   William.  30,  31 
Pierce,  Willis,  6" 
Pickney,  Geo.  W..  147 
Pike,  James  Shepherd,  -i- 
Pilgrims,  1" 
The,  32 
Pilsbury,  Charles  A..  41 
Piper,  Charles  W..  14') 
Piscataquis  County.  4 
Historical   Society.  3,  40,  0:1 
Loring's  History  of,  178 
Valley  Campmeeting  Association,      3 
Plaisted,  General  Harris  M..                  187 
Honorable  Frederick  \\\,                187 
Plymouth   Colony.  15,   1(5.   34 
Council   of.  15 
England  Co..  17 
New   in   X.   F..  15 
Patent.   The,  15,   17 
Pocassett  Lake.  114 
Poem.   "The  Shepard   Boy   of  Wool- 
wich." •  '.•! 
Poland,  18,   39,  40 
Poor.  John   Alfred.  104,  143 
Popham  Colonists,   the.  3'-' 
Porter,  Hon   Joseph   W..  15.  98 
Portland,  ■"■•"..    1"> 
Advertiser.  42,  43 
Towers,  Governor  Llewellyn,  181 


INDEX 


239 


Pownalborough, 
Preble's  Tavern, 
Prescott,  Annie, 
Prince,   Thomas, 
Pring,  Martin, 
Province  of  Maine, 
I'nlsifer,  Benedict, 
Purchase,  Thomas, 
Puritan  or  Pilgrim, 
Purrington,  Hez, 


10 

213 

165 

37 

32 

1G,  32,  33,  34 

149 

17,  33,  40,  80 

221 

142 


R 


Railway,  Atlantic  and  St  Lawrence,     104 

Rale,  Father,  25 

Ramsdell,  Col.  Win.,  143 

Rangeley   Lakes,  39,  55 

Read,  Brig.  Gen.  Philip,  35 

Reed,  Edwin  A.,  100 

Nettie  E.,  194 

Redington,  Alfred.  130 

Samuel.  00 

Redmund,  Mlchiel,  07 

Rennick,   William,  40 

Revolution,  Sons  of  American,  35 


Revolutionary  Soldier, 

20,  02 

Richmond, 

lti 

Richards,  George  H., 

199 

Josephine, 

51,  112 

Susan  Coffin, 

199 

Richardson  Lake. 

39 

Ricker,   Edward    P., 

35 

Ridlon,  G.  T., 

4S 

Rigley,  Col.  Alexander, 

33 

Roache,  David, 

07 

Robinson,  Alexander  Martin, 

194 

Earl  P., 

194 

Frank  H., 

194 

Honorable  Frank, 

194 

Jesse, 

25 

Martha   R., 

194 

Mary  Chase, 

194 

Rockwood, 

55 

Rodick,  David, 

10 

Fountain, 

10 

S.  H., 

10 

House,  Bar  Harbor, 

10 

Ross,  James, 

40 

Royall,   John, 

149 

Ruck,  John, 

17 

Rumford,  Count. 

130 

Saco,  32,  34 

River,  32 

Sanborn.  Abram,  143,  144 

Sandy  Bay  township,  05 

Sanford,  Town  of,  120 

Ancient  Record  relating  to,             120 


Sawtelle,   Professor  William  Otis,       192 

Savage,  Ephraim,  17 

Sayings  of  Subscribers,  50,  129,  192,  229 

Scott,   Sarah.  23 

Seaber,   Josiah   W.,  25 

Sebec  Centennial.  172 

Seiders   George   Melville  127 

Sewall,  Anne,  30 

Henry.  33 

Jane  D.,  30 

Shaplegh,  John,  17 

Sheepscot,  17 

River.  17 

Shepard  Boy  of  Woolwich,  poem,          30 

Jos.  Battell,  35 

Sheriffs.   .Maine,  in   1S20,  25 

Shields,  Miss  Emma  G.,  40 

Short,  Henry,  30 

Simmons,    Franklin,  the  Sculptor,         27 

Hon.   Augustine,  27 

John,  27 

Loring.  27 

Samuel,  27 

Sophia,  27 

Smith,   Captain    Elijah.  208 

Capt.  John,  32,  85 

Edgar  C,  3,  39,  49,  94 

Francis.  O.  J..  57 

Gen,  Joseph  S.,  22-5 

Reverend  Ashley.  195 

T.  H.,  79 

William,  220 

Society  of  American    Wars.  110 

Some  Early  Maine  Journalists.  41 

Sorrento,  Town  of,  227 

Spaulding,  Atwood   W.,  35,  193 

William  Cole,  128 

Sprague,  John  F., 

25,  35,  49.  93,  94,  175,  176 

Spurwink,  34 

Stackpole,  C.  A..  144 

Stanton.  G   Smith,  172,  227 

Staples,  Arthur  G.,  164 

State  Historian,  Me.,  32 

Statues  of  Franklin   Simmons,         28,  29 

St.   Croix,   Island   of,  32 

Sterling,  Grace  N.,  60 

St.  George's  Island.  32 

River,  32 

Stetson,  Family  of  Maine,  128 

Honorable   Isaiah    K..  128 

Major  Amasa,  129 

Robert,  129 

Simeon.  101,  129 

Town  of,  129 

Stewart.    John    C,  35 

Stillman,  George.  41 

Stinchfleld,   Roger,  40 

Thomas,  40 

Storrs,    Richard,  41 

Story,   Judge,  37 


24o      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE  HISTORY 


91,  120. 


04.  65; 
135, 


Stratton,  John, 
Stubbs,  Eugene  M., 

Sullivan,  Captain  Daniel, 
Captain  David, 
General  John, 
Governor. 

T 

Talbot,  Win.  W., 
Thatcher,   Benjamin   B., 

George  A.. 
Thayer,   Rev.  Henry  O., 
Thompson.    Alexander, 

Benjamin. 

Christopher, 

James. 

John  W.. 

Jonathan. 

Sir  William, 
Thoreau,  Henry  B.. 
Topsham, 
Toivne,   Arthur, 

Eli, 

Family  in  Piscataquis  County 
and  the  Salem  Witchcraft, 
The. 

Joanna   Blessing:. 

Rev.   Salem  D.. 

Thomas. 

William. 

William   de  la 
Treaty   of  17S3, 

Webster  -Ashburton, 
Trelawny.  Robert, 
Tribune,   the, 

True,  Mabel   L,  31, 

Tucker,  Richard. 
Tuckerman,  Dr., 
Turner,   Philip  F.,  35,  196, 

Town  of, 
Tyng,  Edward, 


33 


w 


u 


I'mbagoff  lake, 
University  of  Maine, 
N.    B., 

Upton,   William. 


V 


Vaill,    Frederick   S., 
Vaimah.   Clinton. 
Vines,    Richard, 


213 

Wadsworth,  Gen.  Peleg, 

38 

227 

Zilpah, 

3S 

227 

Waldo  Patent,  the, 

">2 

213 

Walker,  Honorable  W.  A., 

93,  225 

Walton,   Honorable   Sylvester  J, 

60 

Washburn,  Gov., 

40 

Philip  H., 

24 

35 

Waterhouse,  John, 

200 

156 

Waterville  College, 

28 

144 

"Water   Witches," 

3 

141 

Watts.   John, 

17 

40 

Wayfarer's  Notes, 

15,  98 

130 

Way,  George, 

17,  33 

.  66 

Waymouth,  George, 

;;•> 

13' > 

Webber,  Eugene  F., 

35 

Webster-Ashburton   treaty.       11, 

55,   198 

40 

Henry  Sewall, 

142.  100 

130 
156 

Town  of, 
Welch,  William, 

39 
220 

18 
0 

Wells, 
Wentworth,  John, 

17 

177 

Westcustogro,  Hero  of, 

148 

Weston,  Betsey, 

e 

Georgre  Melville. 

43 

170 

Weymouth.  Benjamin, 

40 

17S 

Samuel. 

40.  65 

04 

Wharton.   Richard, 

17 

170 

Wheeler.  Georgre  A..  A.  M.  M.  D. 

177 
170 

93, 
Whidden.  Capt.  James, 

225.   230 
Ml 

11 

White   Point. 

215 

11 

Whitney.   Cyrus. 

07 

Joel. 

60 

42 

Josiah  F.. 

65,  66 

200 
33 

Samuel. 
Wm.  C, 
Wiggin,  Nathan  B., 

141,  142 
102 

221 

Wilde.  Judge, 

3>! 

30 

Wilder,  David. 

171 

10 

Wilkins,  John, 

102 

Williams,  Reuel, 

171 

Thomas, 

100 

Willard,   Prof.  Sidney. 

37 

Williamson,  Win.  D.. 

25.  133 

:;:i 

Williamson's  History  of  Me.. 

10 

41 

Willis.   Nathaniel. 

41 

13 

Nathaniel   Parker, 

41 

102 

William. 

30.   13:: 

Wilson.  John, 

24 

Nathaniel, 

144 

Wing,    Honorable    Georgre    C, 

220 

35 

Pond, 

111 

11 

Simeon, 

114 

32 

Winslow,  John, 

16,  87 

INDEX 


241 


Winthrop,  Adam, 
Wiscasset, 

Claim,  The, 
Witchcraft,  Salem, 
Women's  Clubs.  Maine  Federation 

of. 
Woodbury,  Charles  Levi. 

William  C, 
Wood  Ponds, 
Woolwich, 

Me., 
Workers  with  the  Divining  Rod, 
Worumbo, 


17 

Wright,   E.  M.. 

171 

16,  17 

17 

176 

Wyer,  James  I.,  Jr.. 

19,  116 

Y 

44 

104. 

Yankee,  The   (Wiscassel  1 

4:; 

139 

Yarmouth,  Plantation 

of, 

14S 

56 

Town  of  , 

148 

16,  91 

York  County. 

34 

30,  31       Yorkshire, 

'■'  County   of  Created. 

17       Youth's  Companion,  The, 


34 

166 

41 


242      SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


LIST   OF    PLATES    IN   VOL.    III. 

Residence  of  Calvin   Chamberlain    ■_' 

Peter  Charles   Keegan    1- 

William   Hutchings    20 

Stephen    Longfellow    37 

Lumber  Mills,  Jackman,  Maine o4 

Log  Hauling  in  the  Maine  Woods  in  1815 61 

Log  Hauling  in  the  Maine  Woods  in  1915 01 

Moose   River   Bridge    61 

Maine   Scene,    1820    69 

Sacred   Heart    Convent,    Jackman.   Me 74 

Abram    Newton    75 

Daniel  Hancox    70 

Webster   S.   Moore 76 

Map,   Ancient   Kennebec   Region 82 

Meeting  House,    Augusta,    Me.,    1782 S6 

Ralph    Farnham    96 

Frank    E.    Guernsey    132 

William   Durkoe    Williamson    134 

David    Barker     182 

Home   of  David    Barker    184 

The    Old    Barker    Office 187 

North  Eastern  Boundary  Map 198 

A  Maine   Lumbering  Camp 219 

General    Neal   Dow    231 


SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY  i 

Index  to  Advertisers 

ABBOT  VILLAGE.        page 


Buxton's  Rheumatic  Cure  Co.         xiv 
AUGUSTA. 

Central  Maine  Power  Co xxii 

Hotel  North  xxiv 

Maine   State  Bookbinding  Co.       xxii 
BANGOR. 

Manhattan  Cafe  v 

J.  P.  Bas's  Publishing  Co vi 

Bangor   House    v 

Leslie  E.  Jones. . .  .Inside  front  cover 
John  T.  Clark  &  Co.  Inside  front  cover 

B.  &  A.  R.  R.  Co.. Inside  front  cover 

R.   B.   Dunning  &  Co iv 

F.  W.  Durgin Inside  back  cover 

Simon   Cohen    xxv 

DEXTER. 

C.  H.  Wyman  xvi 

DOVER-FOXCROFT. 
Blethen  Bros iv 

Dover. 
F.  D.  Barrows   vi 

Foxcroft. 
Edward   E.   Whitney   &   Co..  vi 

Foxcroft. 
E.  C.  McKechnie  xv 

Foxcroft. 
i  Iu.l; lies  &  Son   vi 

Foxcroft. 
Dr.   M.  Estelle  Lancaster   ...  xii 

Foxcroft. 
Piscataquis  Savings  Bank.... 

Inside  front  cover 

Dover. 
Kineo  Trust  Co Back  cover 

Dover. 
Dow  &  Boyle   Inside  back  cover 

Dover. 
S.  G.  Sanford  &  Son 

Inside   back  cover 

Foxcroft. 
Fred  W.   Palmer.  .Inside  front  cover 

Dover. 
Snrague's    Journal    of    Maine 

History    xi,  xxvi 

Dover. 
E.  C.  Smith xxiii 

Foxcroft. 
W.  L.  Sampson   xxiv 

Foxcroft. 
Harford's  Point  Realty  Co.  .viii,  ix,  x 


Union   Square   Pharmacy   . . . 
Foxcroft. 

Foxcroft   Academy    

Foxcroft. 

GREENVILLE. 

I.   A.   Harris    

GREENVILLE  JCT. 

Moosehead  Clothing  Co 

Arthur  A.  Crafts   

H.   N.  Bartley  

GUILFORD. 

C.  S.  Bennett  

J.  K.  Edes  &  Sons  

C.  M.    Hilton    

H.  Hudson  &  Son   Back 

W.    L.    Hammond    Granite    & 

Marble  Co 

V.   11.  Ellis Inside  front 

Guilford  Trust  Co 

Straw  &  Martin  

HALLOWELL. 

\Y'  'rster    Bros 

JACKMAN. 
Dennystown  Company 

E.  A.  Piper   

F.  A.  Dion   

O.  S.  Patterson   

D.  Hancox    

Fred    Pierce    

W.  S.  Moore    

Albert    Loubier    

D.  C.  Pierce   

C.   H.  Mills   

W.  F.  Jude   

Harry  Stillwell  

J.  A.  Bulmer  

J.   S.  Williams    

L.   R.   Moore,  Jr 

James  Sands  

Fred    Henderson     

Harry  A.  Young  

E.  A.   Henderson    

JACKMAN  STATION 

Nelson  W.  Bartley  

A.   G.   Crawford    

Joseph   J.    Nichols    

Medie   Rancout    

Arthur  Rodrique   

W.   L.  Anderson    

Arthur    Cathcart    


PAGE 

xxiv 


xm 
53 
iv 


iv 
cover 

xxi 

cover 
xxv 

xxiv 


XXVI 

xxi 

xii 

xviii 

xviii 

xviii 

xviii 

xix 

xiii 

xiii 

xiii 

xix 

xix 

xiii 

xiii 

xix 

xvii 

xvii 

xxi 

xxvif 
xiii 

xii 
xvii 

xii 
xiii 

xii 


SPRAGUE'S   TOURftAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


Index  to  Advertisers — Continued 


PAGE 

Edlord  Fournier   xxvii 

T.  A.  Murtha   xxvii 

George    Blais    xii 

Henry  P.  McKenney iii 

KINEO. 

Ricker    Hotel   Co 80 

MADISON. 

Henry  C.   Prince   xvi 

Harry   S.    Dyer    xiv 

F.  C.  Clark  Co xiv 

MONSON. 

W.  H.  Eldridge   xii 

Portland-Monson  Slate  Co... 

Back  cover 

PORTLAND. 
Wm.  W.  Roberts  Co 

Inside    front    cover 

Smith  &  Sale   ....Inside  front  cover 
Portland-Monson  Slate  Co... 

Back  cover 

Forest  City  Trust  Co Back  cover 

G.  M.  Donham Inside  back  cover 

Loring,   Short  &  Harmon   . . . 

Inside    back   cover 


PAGE 


C  .0.  Barrows  &  Co 

Inside    back   cover 

A.   J.    Huston    xi,  xxiii,  xxiv 

Fidelity  Trust  Co xxiii 

Crocker    Photo    &    Engraving 

Co xxiii 

Shaw  Business  College   xxv 

West  End  Hotel  xxii 

H.  J.  Burrowes  Co xxii 

U.  S.  Trust  Co xxii 

Falmouth    Hotel    xxii 

Royal  Remedy  Co xxiv 

SROWHEGAN. 

Steward  &  Marston   xv 

John    C.    Griffin    xv 

Cullen  &  Wolfe  xv 

Independent   Reporter   xvi 

The  First  National  Bank  ...  xvi 

Charles    Folsom-Jones    53 

WATERVILLE. 

Sen'inel    Publishing   Co xxviii 

WILLIMANTIC    . 

W.  L.  Earlev xx 


A  WOMAN'S  WAY 

T  IS  NATURAL  FOR  A 
WOMAN  to  wait  until  she 
wants  anything  before  she  buys 
and  then  she  wants  it  immedi- 
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MAINE 


SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY         iii 

Lake  Parlin  House 
and  Camps 


In  the  Heart  of  the  Great  Mair.e  Woods. 
On  the  Shores  of  Beautiful  Lake  Parlin. 
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Resorts  in  Northern  Maine. 
On  the  Canada  Road  accessible  by  Automobiles  and 

Thirteen  miles  from  Jackman  Station  on  C.  P.  R. 

Henry  P.  McKenney,  Proprietor 

JACKMAN  STATION, 


MAINE 


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iv         SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


PISCATAQUIS     EXCHANGE 

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At  the  foot  of  Moosehead  Lake,  the  largest  inland  lake  in  New 
England,  and  the  gateway  to  the  best  fishing  and  hunting  region 
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This  Hotel  is  new  and  elegant,  bath  rooms,  cold  and  hot  water, 
and  all  of  its  equipments  and  appointments  modern  and  up-to-date. 

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Established  1835 

R.  B.  Dunning 

&Co. 

Seedsmen 

Dealers  in 
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The  Braeburn, 


C.  M.  HILTON 

PROPRIETOR 


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One  of  the  Best  Equipped  Hotels  in  Eastern  Maine. 
Hot  and  Cold  Water  and  Bath  Rooms  on  Every  Floor 

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®fje 


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enterprising  and  public  spirited 
citizens  and  progressive  business 
men  of  Jac^man. 


=  Jflanfjattan  Cafe  = 

&fje  Heading  Eesttaurant  anb  Cafe  in  iHaine 
Automobile  Parties  Stop  at  the 

Jflantjattan 

Special   Dinners  for   Parties 
Ladies'  Dining  Room  up  stairs 

J.  H.  RUSSELL,  Prop. 


1  98-200  Exchange  St., 


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vi  SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

The  bangoiT  commercial 

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vertising  influence   that   can    be    brought   to    bear   on    Maine   trade 


J.  P.  Bass  Publishing  Co., 


PUBLISHERS 

BANGOR,  MAINE 


INSURE 

Against  Fire  and  Lightning 
WITH 

Edward  E.  Whitney  &  Co. 

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HUGHES  &  SON 

Pianos;  ant) 

Plaper  ^tanosi 

STRICTLY  HIGH  GRADE 

Hughes  &  Son  Mfg.  Co. 


FOXCROFT, 


MAINE 


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We  print  School  Papers,  Class  Programs  and  Invitations,  School  Sta- 
tionery, Wedding  Cards  and  Announcements,  Office  Stationery,  Ball  Pro- 
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SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY        vii 


Pleasantly  situated  in  the  beautiful  village 
of  Foxcroft,  Maine 

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viii       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


Do  you  want  a  Cottage  on  Harford's  Point 
on  the  westerly  shore  of  Moose  Head  Lake,  the 
grandest  and  most  lovely  sheet  of  inland  water 
in  all  of  New  England,  and  one  of  the  grandest 
in  the  world  ? 

The  above  illustration  is  a  view  of  Harford's 
Point  facing  Moose  Island  in  a  northerly  direc- 
tion.    For  information,  address, 

Harford's  Point  Realty  Co. 

Dover,   Maine. 


SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY         ix 


On  the  southerly  side  of  the  Point  is  a  charm- 
ing little  bay  or  cove  and  the  above  represents 
the  most  southerly  portion  of  its  west  shore. 

This  is  known  as  Deep  Cove. 

Write  us  for  information. 

Harford's  Point  Realty  Co. 

Dover,   Maine. 


(See  next  page) 


x         SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


The  above  shows  the  continuation  of  this  west 
shore  of  the  same  cove  in  a  northerly  direction, 
the  two  pictures  giving  you  a  very  good  idea  of 
some  of  the  beauties  of  Deep  Cove. 

Harford's  Point  is  about  three  miles  above 
Greenville  Junction  and  is  a  beautiful  promon- 
tory of  land  of  high  eminence  above  the  lake 
level.  It  is  in  the  midst  of  splendid  trout  and 
salmon  fishing  and  is  in  the  heart  of  Maine's 
best  hunting  grounds  where  big  game  and  game 
birds  abound.  It  would  be  an  attractive  and 
desirable  location  for  a  sportsman's  club. 

If  it  occurs  to  you  that  you  would  like  to  own 
a  summer  home  on  this  delightful  spot,  write 
for  further  particulars  to 

Harford's  Point  Realty  Co. 

Dover,  Maine. 


SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY         xi 

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JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY,  DOVER,  MAINE. 
BOOKS   WANTED. 
Maine  Treasurers'  Reports,  Governors'  Messages,  Rules  and  Orders  House 
and  Senate,  State  Prison,  Bank  and  Land  Agents'  Reports  from  1820  to  1829. 

A.  J.  HUSTON, 
92  Exchange  St.,  Porland,  Maine. 


xii       SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL   OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


THE    OLD   STAND-BY  STAND 

The  Jackman  Drug  and  Sportman's  Goods  and  Supply  Store. 

F    A.  DION,  -         -  -         Jackman,  Maine 


Arthur  Cathcart 

AUTOMOBILES 
TO  LET 


Jackman  Station, 


Maine 


Arthur  Rodrique 

Photographer 

Post  Cards  and  <Viecws  of  Jackman 
and  Vicinity. 

JACKMAN  STATION,  MAINE 

GET  SHAVED  AT 

GEORGE  BLAIS9 

UP-TO-DATE  BARBER  SHOP 

'Play  Pool  While  You   Wait. 
Jackman  Station,  Maine 


^^  UTOISTS  on  their  way  to  Moose- 
*^  head  Lake,  while  passing  through 
the  picturesque  village  of  Monson,  will 
find  Gasoline  and  Auto  Supplies 
and  Fixtures  at  the  store  of 

W.  H.  ELDRIDGE 

Corner  Main  and  Water  Streets 


DR.  M.  ESTELLE  LANCASTER 
OSTEOPATHIC  PHYSICIAN 

Cor.  North  amd  Summer  Sts.,         FOXCROFT,  MAINE 

Hours-    9-12  A.  M.,     2-5  P.  M. 
And  by  Appointment  Telephone  238-3 


Joseph  J.    Nichols 

Will  supply  anything  you  want  in  the 

Jewelry  Line 

Diamonds  a  Specialty 

Jackman  Station,  Maine 


We  have  positive  evidence  of  the  reliability  of  the  advertisers  on  these  pages. 


SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY      xiii 


SPORTSMEN 

Here  you  will  find  everything:  in  the  line  of 
Clothing;,  Mackinaw  Frocks,  Sweaters,  Shoes 
Rubber  Goods,  Moccasins,  Etc.  Nice  Fishing: 
Tackle,  Rifles,  Shot  Guns.  Revolvers  and  Am- 
munition. A  fine  line  of  moccasin  Slippers 
for  ladies  wear.  Daily  Papers.  Books  and  Ma- 
gazines. Call  and  see  us,  or  call  us  by  phone 
No.  7-12. 

Moosehead  Clothing  Co.,  Millard  Metcalf,  Mgr. 
Greenville  Junction.  Me.,  opp.  B.  &  A.  R.  R.  Station 


I.  A.  Harris,    DRUGS 

Greenville,  Maine 

Edison  Phonographs 
and  Records 

The— R  E  JX.  /A  L  L— Store 

C.  S.  Bennett 

Dealer  in 
Finest  Quality  of  Jewelry 

Watches,  Clocks  and  Silverware 
Jewels  and  Diamonds 

Guilford,  Maine 

L.  R.  Moore, Jr. 

Quick  Lunches 
Confectionery  and  Fruit 

Jackman, 


Davis  C.  Pierce 

Deputy  Sheriff 
Jackman,  Maine 

All  Civil  Processes  Promptly  Served 

Telephone  Connection 

C.  H.  Mills 

Counsellor  and 

Attorney  at  Law 

Jackman,  Maine 

W.  F.  Jude 

Counsellor  and 

Attorney  at  Law 

Jackman,  Maine 

W.  L.  Anderson 

Counsellor  and 
Attorney  at  Law 
Maine     Jackman  Station,        Maine 


General    Blacksmithing        A.  G.  Crawford 

and  Horse  Shoeing  Day  &  Night  Restaurant 

Cant  Dogs  and  Cant  Dog  Hooks        Fruit,    Confectioney,  Ice  Cream  and 

a  Specialty  Tobaccos 

J.  S.  Williams,      Jackman,  Me.     Jackman  Station,  Maine 

We  have  positive  evidence  of  the  reliability  of  the  advertisers  on  these  pages. 


xiv      SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


Albany,  N.  Y.,  April  ioth,  1915. 
The  Buxton  Rheumatic  Cure  Co., 

Abbot  Village,  Maine 
Gentlemen  : — 

It  gives  me  pleasure  to  send  you 
this  unsolicited  testimonial  regarding 
Buxton's  Rheumatic  Cure.  For  years 
I  have  been  a  great  sufferer  from  Ar- 
ticular Rheumatism,  to  such  an  ex- 
tent that  for  almost  one  year  I  was 
unable  to  walk.  I  was  treated  by 
many  doctors  and  took  the  so  called 
"Cures"  at  Carlsbad  and  Mt.  Clem- 
mons  but  without  results.  Finally  in 
despair  I  was  oersuaded  to  try  Bux- 
ton's Rheumatic  Cure.  I  got  relief 
rft  once  and  within  two  months  could 
walk  as  good  as  ever.  I  am  glad  to 
give  you  this  information  in  the  hope 
it  may  reach  the  eyes  of  some  unfor- 
tunate suffering:  from  that  awful  af- 
fliction called  Rheumatism. 

Very  truly  yours, 

C.  II.  THOMAS. 
SEND  FOR  BOOKLET 

Buxton  Rheumatic  Cure  Co. 


ABBOT  VILLAGE. 


MAINE 


The  Last  Word  in 

Clothing 

Furnishing  Goods 

and  Footwear 

Harry  S.  Dyer 

OUTFITTER 

For  Men  and  Boys 

FOOTWEAR 

For  Men,  Women  8t  Children 

MADISON,  MAINE 


F.  C.  CLARK  COMPANY 

Madison's  Popular  Ary  Goods  Store 

EVENTUALLY 

You'll  buy  your  Drv  Goods  and 
Ready-to-wear  Apparel  of  F.  C. 
Clark  Co. 

Not  alone  because  of  the  high  quali- 
ty of  our  goods 

Xot  alone  because  of  the  correctness 
of  our  styles. 

Not  alone  because  of  the  lowness  of 
our  urices. 

Not  alone  because  of  the  excellence 
of  our  store  service. 

Not  alone  because  of  the  importance 
of  our  Store. 

Satisfactory    Guarantee. 

Xot  because  of  any  of  these  features 
will  you  eventually  decide  to  trade 
here.  u,1t  because  of  the  combina- 
tion of  them  all.  You  are  sure  to 
find  out  that  this  is  THE  STORE 
THAT  SATISFIES. 

F.  G.  Clark  Company,     Madison,  Me. 

'The  Place  of  Sare  Bargains 


Thomas  Vintinner 

DEALER   IN 

Dry  Goods,   Groceries 

Boots,  Shoes,  Rubbers  &  Flour 

Jackman  Station,    Me. 


We  have  positive  evidence  of  the  reliability  of  the  advertisers  on  these  pages. 


SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY       xv 

JOHN  C.  GRIFFIN 

==  Snsurame  ggencp^ 


SKOWHEGAN,  Maine 


Ben  T.  Steward  Clair  R.  Marston 

STEWARD  &  MARSTON 

^eating,  plumbing  anb  £>f)eet  itletal  WBovktvi 
anb  -pneumatic  ^ater  &>p8tim* 

Stores  at  Skowhegan  &  Waterville 

CULLEN  &  WOLFE 

:  VULCANIZING  - 

Tires  and  Tubes  Repaired  All  Work  Guaranteed 

Distributors  of  Miller's  Geared  To  The  Road  Tires  and  Veedol  Motor  Oil 

We  pay  the  express  one  way  on  all  out  of  town  work 
R.   R.  Square,  SKOU/HEGAN,  MAINE 


HOR  SES 

Heavy  Work  Horses  Always  on  Hand 

Also    Carriages    and  Farm    Wagons 

A  Square    Deal  with    Every    Buyer 

E.  C.  McKECHNIE 

FOXCROFT,  Tel.  208  MAINE 

We  have  positive  evidence  of  the  reliability  of  the  advertisers  on  these  pages. 


xvi       SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

INDEPENDENT-REPORTER 

Three  months,  25c.     One-half  year,  50c.     One  year,  $1.00 

Remit  in  stamps,  coin,  currency,  check  or  P.  O.  Money  Order 

Subscribe  for  yourself  or  as  a  gift  to  your  friend. 

10,000  Readers,  chiefly  in  Somerset  County 

Office  of  Publication,       Skowhegan,  Maine 

THE  MADISON  BULLETIN 

The  only  paper  in  Madison  and  the  only 
one  in  Western  Somerset  County.  Job 
Printing  of  every  description.  Let  us 
estimate  on  your  next  job. 

Henry  C.  Prince,  Prop.,  Madison,  Maine 

3H)e  = 


Jftrgt  JSattonal  panfe 

of  ££>feotof)egan,  ifflaine 


ESTABLISHED     1825 


Capital,  $150,000.00.      Surplus  and  Profits,  $150,000.00 
Interest  Allowed 


and  everything 
that  is  musical 


Estey  Pianos 

also  all  kinds  of  HOUSE  FURNISHINGS 
at  C.  H.  WYMAN'S,     Dexter,   Maine 

We  have  positive  evidence  of  the  reliability  of  the  advertisers  on  these  pages. 


SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY    xvii 

The   Heald   Pond  Camp 

Located  nine  miles  north  of  Jackman,  three  miles  from  the  main 
highway .  We  have  just  completed  a  nice  Automobile  road  to 
Camp,  and  we  are  now  ready  to  receive  Automobile  parties. 

Automobile  people  will  find  this  a  nice  place  to  stop  over 
when  on  their  way  to  and  from  Canada,  or  a  good  place  to  make 
headquarters  when  around  Jackman,  as  you  will  find  the  best 
of  Hunting  and  Fishing  and  everything  is  of  the  best.  You 
wi  1  miss  something  if  you  do  not  stop  at 


The  Heald  Pond  Camp 


Fred  Henderson.  Prop. 


JACKMAN. 


MAINE 


New 
Barber 
Shop 

Medie  Rancout 

JACKMAN  STATION,  -        MAINE 

Fruit,  Confectionery 
and  Cigars 

On  Sale  at  Store  Connected 


Harry  A.  Young 

Contractor 

and 

Builder 

Dealer  in 

HARDWARE,         PAINTS,        OILS, 
Tinware,       Stoves,       Crockery, 
Glassware      and      Builders' 
supp'ies  of  every  de- 
scription. 


Jackman, 


Maine 


We  have  positive  evidence  of  the  reliability  of  the  advertisers  on  these  pages. 


xviii     SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


W.  S.  MOORE  DANIEL    HANCOX 


Undertaker 

Dealer  in 

Furniture 


Dealer  in 


Dry  Goods 
Fancy  Goods 

and 

Furnishings 

Boots  and  Shoes 


JACKMAN, 


MAINE    JACKMAN, 


MAINE 


FRED  PIERCE  health' Life  and 

Accident 


Dealer  in 


Insurance 

Office  at  U.  S.  Customs 
'Phone  17-2. 


Watches 
Clocks 
Jewelry and 
Silverware 

Repairing  Neatly  Done  Q    &  patterson 

JACKMAN,       -        MAINE    JACKMAN,         -         MAINE 


We  have  positive  evidence  of  the  reliability  of  the  advertisers  on  these  pages. 


SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE  HISTORY     xix 


GET  YOUR  LUNCH 
—at— 

LOUBIER'S 

—the— 

BRAND  NEW 
RESTAURANT 

Opposite  the  Station  Post  Office. 
J  AC  KM  AN,  MAINE. 


Harry  STILWELL 

The  popular  Theatrical  man  can 
be  found  at  his 

Up-To-Date  Harness 
Shop 

except  on 
Monday,  Wednesday  &  Saturday 
Evenings  his  Moving  Picture 
Nights 

—at— 

The  Jackman  Town 
Hall 


J.  A.  BULMER 

Gasoline,  Oils,  Batteries,  Tires, 
Auto  Accessories,  Etc. 

Repair  Work  a  Specialty 

Long  Distance  Telephone. 


JACKMAN, 


MAINE. 


AN  UP-TO-DATE 

Restaurant 

In  every  respect. 

Tobacco,  Choice 

Cigars 
and  Confectionery 

Paiyer  and  seller  of  Raw  Furs 
of  all  kinds. 

JAMES  SANDS 

JACKMAN,  MAINE. 


\Ve  have  positive  evidence  of  the  reliability  of  the  advertisers  on  these  pages. 


xx        SPRAGUE'S    JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


....HOTEL  EARLEY.... 

W.  L.  EARLEY,  Prop. 

Fishing  and  hunting  unexcelled.  Salmon  weighing  3  lbs.,  bass, 
3  lbs.,  white  perch,  1  1-2  lb.,  are  not  uncommon.  Pure  spring 
water.  Fresh  eggs,  butter  and  cream ;  vegetables  from  our 
own  garden.  Fishing  tackle,  sportsmen's  supplies,  cigars  and 
confectionery.  Board,  $2.00  per  day,  $10.00  per  week.  Guides, 
$2.50  per  day,  board  $1.00  per  day.  Our  canoes  are  50c  per  day. 
$2.50  per  week.  Team  or  boat  will  meet  all  parties  on  notice. 
Booklet  and  reference  on  request.  Automobile  road  direct  tc 
hotel. 

Willimantic,   Maine 

Telephone  Connection  P.  O.  Guilford,  R.  F.  D.  No.  3 


We  have  positive  evidence  of  the  reliability  of  the  advertisers  on  these  pages. 


SPRAGUE'S   JOURNAL  OF   MAINE   HISTORY 


E.    A.    HENDERSON 

WOOD 

POND 

CAMPS 

One  of  the  most  attractive  places 
in  the  Maine  Woods  for  fishermen, 
hunters  and  summer  tourists.  You 
will  make  a  great  mistake  if  you  do 
not  -end  at  once  for  booklet  and  full 
particular-  regarding  this  charming 
resort.     Address 

E.  A.  Henderson, 
JACKMAN,  MAINE 


Hallowell 
House 

HALLOWELL,  ME. 

Worster  Brothers,  Props. 

Modern  Conveniences 
50  Rooms 
Steam  Heat 
Cuisine  Excellent 
Convenient  to  Trains 
Rates  Moderate 

Popular  with  Auto 
Parties 

Baggage  delivered  to  and  from    depot 
without  expense 


E.  A.   PIPER  W.  L  H 


ammon 


d 


Real 
Estate 

Timberland  and 


Granite  & 
Marble  Co. 


Manufacturers    and 
Dealers  in 

V  lliagc  L.OIS        Monuments,  Headstones  and 
.HT  and  SOLD  Cemetery  Work 

of  all  Kinds 


Jack 


man, 


Maine    Guilford,  Maine 


We  have  positive  evidence  of  the  reliability  of  the  advertisers  on  these  pages. 


xxii      SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


50,000  Horse  Power 

AVAILABLE     FOR     INDUSTRIES     IN     CENTRAL     MAINE 

Central  Maine  Power  Co. 

Offices  at  Augusta,  Gardiner,  Waterville,  Skowhegan, 
Pittsfield  and  Dexter 


Falmouth   Hotel 

J.  J.  POOLER 

Proprietor 

Portland,     Maine 

EUROPEAN  &  AMERICAN   PLAN 

Maine  State  Bookbind- 
ing Company 


EDITION  WORK  IS 
OUR  SPECIALTY 


327  Water  Street 
Augusta,  Maine 


If  you  are  not  receiving 
interest  on  your  bank  ac- 
count communicate  with 

United  States  Trust  Co 

Portland,  Maine 


Maine  Views         Historical  Scenes 

Advertising  Calendars 

H.  J.  BURROWES  Co. 

Portland,  Maine 

Lowest  Prices  and  Highest  Qualities 

West  End  Hotel 

Opposite  Union  Station 

PORTLAND,         MAINE 


Remodeled 
Telephones  in  all  Rooms 

Hot    and    Cold    Running   Water 

Private  Baths 


We  have  positive -evidence  of  the  reliability  of  the  advertisers  on  these  page* 


SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY    xxiii 


Magazines    &    Pamphlets    FOR    SALE    OR    EXCHANGE 


WANTED 


WILL  PAY  $1.00  EACH 

FOR 

Bangor  Historical  Magazine, 

Oct,  Nov., 
Maine  Genealogist  and  Biog- 

1885 

rapher,  Dec, 

1875 

Dee., 

18T6 

Mayflower  Descendant, 

Jan.,  July, 

1903 

Apr.,  July,  Oct., 

1904 

Apr., 

1906 

Old  Times  at  North 

Yarmouth,  Oct., 

1S77 

July, 

1878 

Poet  Lore,  Jan., 

1894 

Massachusetts  Resolves — 

Mav,  1815 
Ma   ,  1820 

Jan.,  Apr.,  Mav,  1821 
Jan.,  Mav,  1822. 
Jan.,  Mav,  1823. 
Jan.,  1824. 
Only  the  above  dates  wanted 

at  these 

prices. 

A.  J.  HUSTON, 

92  Exchange  St.,         Portland 

Maine. 

John     Francis     Sprague's    Books 

Piscataquis  Biography,  and  Frag- 
ments, $1.00 

Sebastian  Rale,  a  Maine  trag- 
edy of  the  18th  Century,  $1.00 

The  North  Eastern  Boundary 
Controversy  and  the  Aroostook 
War.  $1.25 

Accidental  Shooting  in  the  Game 
Season,  .25 

Backwoods  Sketches,  $1.00 

Also  Piscataquis  Historical  So- 
ciety Collections,  Vol.   I,  $2.00 

Any  of  the  above  named  books  will  be 
sent  postpaid  upon  receipt  of  the 
price. 

A.  J.    HUSTON 


A  Complete  Set  of  the  Agriculture 
of  Maine,  62  Vols. 


Commencin  r  with  the  Transactions 
of  the  Agricultural  Societies,  1850-55, 
5  vols;  Reports  of  the  Secretary  of  the 
Board  of  Agriculture,  1856-1901,  45 
vols;  Reports  of  the  Commissioner  of 
Agriculture,  1902-13,  12  vols. 

7  vols,  boards  and  55  vols,  cloth 

A  complete  set  is  very  hard  to  obtain 
today — contains  much  valuable  histor- 
ical material. 

Price  $45.00,  or  will  exchange  for 
books  of  equal  value. 

E.  C.  SMITH, 

FOXCROFT,  MAINE 


Crocker 

Photo    &  Engraving 

Company 

92  Exchange  St.,  Portland,  Maine      34  Exchange  St.,        Portland,  Me. 


We  have  positive  evidence  of  the  reliability  of  the  advertisers  on  these  pages 


xxiv     SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


This  Space 

is  reserved  for  one 
of  the  best  equipped 
up-to-date  hotels  in 
Maine.  When  you 
are  in  Augusta  stop 
at  the  deservedly 
popular 

Hotel  North 


BOOKS  New  and  Old 

We  carry  in  stock  a  large 
and  varied  assortment  of 
books,  both  old  and  new. 

Catalogues    sent    on    request. 

Correspondence  Solicited. 

Books  Bought. 

A.  J.  Huston, 

9~  Exchange  Street 

PORTLAND,  MAINE 

W.  L.  SAMPSON 

Monumental    Works 

Imported  and  American  Granite  and 
Marble.      Up-to-Date  Designs.     Pneu- 
matic Tools.        ESTABLISHED  1879 
Long  Distance  Tel.    Office  121-2,     Res.  121-3 
FOXCROFT.  MAINE 
Works,  45  Union  Square,  Dover.  Maine 


Straw  &  Martin 

Fire  Underwriters 

36  Main  Street 
Guilford,  Maine 


Good  Line  of  Books,  Maga- 
zines and  Fine  Stationery  at 
Union  Square  Pharmacy 

The  Dover  and  Foxcroft 

REXALL  STORE 


WE  GUAR- 
ANTEE 


ROYAL  GALL  REMEDY 


Customer  Satisfied  and  Horse 
releived  or  money  refunded 

Thisnew  antiseptic  Liquid  quickly  heals  all 
cuts,   bruises,    scratches.     Stops  Bleeding. 
Prevents  all    infection.     Keep    it  on  hand 
and  insure  your  horses  health  and  value. 
This  Antiseptic  Swab  in 
Every  Bottle 


Large  Bottle-r>Oc-nt  vour  dealer 
Or  we  will  send  direct  three  full  size 
50c  bottles  on  receipt  of  f  1.00 

.dine  for  large  sample,  and  our  booklet 


— 

151 

ROYAL 

bob 

uu  Bgf^Pvw* 

for 

•xsJr 

toe 

GALL  REMLDY 

Flesli 

Mil, 

Mi,, 

k,i.w 

T*1tO*niQvi3GmK«P  , 

m«)uL,rj'F»i>ue*l 
••      ■  ■•j 

ROWLJIMWO 

•'His  Majesty  the  Hor 


ROYAL  REMEDY  CO. 


Fidelity  Bldd. 
Portland,    Maine. 


We  have  positive  evidence  of  the  reliability  of  the  advertisers  on  these  pages 


SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF   MAINE  HISTORY      xxv 


This  space  is  reserved  for  the 

Moose  River  House 

at  Jackman  Station,  Maine. 

It  is  only  a  few  steps  from 
the  C.  P.  Ry.  Station  and  on 
the  line  of  the  old  highway 
leading  from  the  Kennebec 
country  in  the  ^tate  or  Maine  to 
the  city  of  Quebec  in  Canada. 
It  is  in  the  midst  of  the  charm- 
ing and  picturesque  Moose 
River  Valley,  15  miles  from  the 
boundary  line,  and  is  in  the 
heart  of  the  game,  trout  and 

salmon  region  of  the  Maine  Woods. 
Comfortable  rooms  with  hot  and  cold 
water,  baths  and  toilets  and  all  modern 
equipments.  Autoists  should  keep  this 
place  in  mind. 

N.  W.  BARTLEY,  Prop. 

The  Shaw 

BUSINESS 
COLLEGE 

OUR  SHORTHAND  DEPARTMENT-Will  qualify 
you  for  a  position  in  the  Business  Office,  the  Banking 
House,  the  Lawyer's  Office  or  the  Government  Service 
OUR  COMMERCIAL  DEPARTMENT-Will  aid  you 
in  securing  employment  with  excellent  opportunities 
for  advancement,  such  as  Cashier,  Bookkeeper,  Clerk 
or  Public  Accountant. 

OUR  TELEGRAPH  DEPARTMENT- Will  qualify 
you  for  a  position  in  the  Railroad  or  Commercial  Ser- 
vice. 

OUR  SUMMER  SCHOOL— at  South  Casco,  by  Seba- 
go  Lake. 
MORAL— If  you  wish  to  guard  against  failure,  attend 

The  Shaw  Business  College 

PORTLAND  —  BANGOR  —  AUGUSTA 


New  York 
Syndicate 

113  MAIN  STREET 

BANGOR,  MAINE 

Maine's  Biggest  Cut 
Price  Store  in  Men's 
Clothing,  Furnishing 
Goods,  Shoes  and 
Rubbers. 


Simon  Cohen 

Manager 

REAL  ADVANTAGES 


The  ample  capital  of  this  baDk,  its 
fiDancial  position  and  established 
reputation  for  conservative  business 
methods  are  among  the  substantial 
advantages  offered  to  present  and 
prospective  customers. 

It  is  the  aim  of  the  officers  and  di- 
rectors to  maintain,  and  in  every 
way  feasible,  increase  these  advan- 
tages. 

Our  equipment  in  each  and  every 
department  is  thorough,  modern,  effi- 
cient, and  we  invite  YOUR  account 
with  assurance  that  we  are  fully  pre- 
pared to  meet  the  requirements  of 
present  and  prospective  patrons  in  a 
spirit  of  fairness  to  all  interests  con- 
cerned. 

Safe  Deposit  Boxes  to  Rent 

Guilford  Trust  Co. 

Guilford  and  Greenville,  Maine 


We  have  positive  evidence  of  the  reliability  of  the  advertisers  on  these  pages 


xxvi     SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


THE  WORK  OF 

SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL 
OF  MAINE  HISTORY 

has  been  heartily  endorsed  by  the  press  of  Maine 
and  other  leading  Journals  in  the  country  and  by 
many  of  the  most  prominent  men  of  Maine  and 
New  England. 

Thus  we  desire  to  call  your  attention  to  the  fact  that  this  is  the 
only  publication  in  the  world  today  that  is  devoted  exclusively  to 
the  advancement  of  historical  subjects  and  historical  research  along 
the  lines  of  Maine's  early  history. 

We  need  the  hearty  aid  and  co-operation  ot  every  person  in 
Maine  interested  in  this  matter.  If  you  are  not  a  subscriber,  kind- 
ly send  your  name  and  address  with  one  dollar  for  one  year's  sub- 
scription. If  you  are  already  a  subscriber,  bear  in  mind  that  the 
success  of  the  enterprise  owes  much  to  prompt  payments. 

Spragues  Journal  of  Maine  History 
DOVER,   MAINE 


DENNYSTOWN  CO., 

DEALERS  IN 

Fancy  Groceries,  Hay,  Grain,  Phosphate 
and  Lumbermen  s  Hardware 

Pittsburg  Perfect  Wire  Fencing 
JACKMAN,  -  -  -  MAINE 


We  have  positive  evidence  of  the  reliability  of  the  advertisers  on  these  pages. 


SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY    xxvii 


This  space  is  re-        \  a  r%  •  §_m 

servedforthe      Moose  Kiver  House 

at  Jackman  Station,  Maine. 

It  is  only  a  few  steps  from  the  C.  P.  Ry.  Station  and  on  the  line  of  the 
old  highway  leading  from  the  Kennebec  country  in  the  State  of  Maine  to 
the  city  of  Quebec  in  Canada.  It  is  in  the  midst  of  the  charming  and  pictur- 
esque Moose  River  Valley,  15  miles  from  the  boundary  line,  and  is  in  the 
heart  of  the  game,  trout  and  salmon  region  of  the  Maine  Woods.  Comfort- 
able rooms  with  hot  and  cold  water,  baths  and  toilets  and  all  modern  equip- 
ments.     Autoists    should   keep   this   place   in   mind. 

A".   W.  Bartley,  Prop. 


MOVING  PICTURES 
at  The  Station  Ha 

DANCING   AFTER 
THE  SHOW 

Watch  the  Sip 

Fruit  and  Confectionery 
Stand 


11  Murtha  House 


T.  A.  Murtha.   Prop. 


EDLORD  FOURNIER,  Prop. 

Jackman  Station,  Maine 


Employment  Agency  and 
Boarding  House 

Jackman  Station,  Me. 


We  have  positive  evidence  of  the  reliability  of  the  advertisers  on  these  pages. 


xxviii  SPRAGUE'S  JOURNAL  OF  MAINE  HISTORY 


YOUR 
PRINTING 

If  it  is  worth  doing  at  ail,  its  worth  doing 
well.  First  class  work  at  all  times  is  our 
motto,  and  your  job,  however  small,  will 
receive  the  same  careful  attention  that  we 
give  the  state  printing.  Let  us  figure 
with  you  on  your  next  job. 

Waterville  Sentinel  Pub.  Co. 

Printers  to  the  State 
Job  and  Catalogue  Printing  a  Specialty 


The  Value 

of  well  printed,  neat 
appearing  Business  Sta- 
tionery as  a  means  of 
getting  and  holding  the 
respect  of  desirable 
business  men  has  been 
amply  demonstrated. 

Our  prices   are    rea- 
sonable. 


Holman  Day's  New   Book 

The  N.  Y.  Times  in  reviewing  The 
Landloper,   says : 

"Holman  Day  has  been  known 
chiefly  a's  a  writer  of  galloping  ro- 
mance, stories  of  intricate  plot  and 
swift  action  sweetened  with  plenty  of 
sentiment,  and  all  served  up  with  the 
sauce  of  a  gallant,  rose-hued  style. 
But  those  who  have  read  and  liked 
his  previous  novel's  must  be  prepared 
for  something  very  different  in  this 
new  book.  It  is  the  tale  of  a  modern 
knight-errant  who,  though  not  look- 
ing for  adventure  or  for  any  chance 


to  put  his  lance  in  rest,  presently 
finds  himself  drawn  into  the  biggest 
kind  of  a  fight.  The  interest  of  the 
story  is  almost  as  much  in  hov>  he 
is  led  to  throw  down  the  gage  of 
battle  as  in  the  way  in  which  he  after- 
ward proves  himself  equal  to  the 
situation.  And  it  is  all,  in  motive, 
theme,  and  style,  quite  different  from 
the  author's  previous  novels." 

The  Landloper  is  just  from  the 
press  of  Harper  &  Brothers,  and  is 
Mr.  Day's  first  long  novel  since  The 
Red  Lane  which  appeared  a  number 
of  years  ago. 


Farm- -5  miles  out  of  Bangor 

BEAUTIFUL  VIEW— A  few  miles 
from  several  lake-:  will  take  party 
of  five:  private  parlor  with  fireplace 
and  piano;  private  bath;  modern 
house:  $15  per  week.  For  further 
particulars  address  A.  C.  K.W  \- 
\.\<;il.  Ohio  St.,  Bangor,  Maine,  R. 
F.  1).  4. 


Persons  having  business  in  the 
Kennebec  region,  or  at  the  capital  of 
the  State  at  Vugusta,  or  traveling  by 
auto,  will  lie  well  pleased  if  they  tarry 
for  awhile  with  the  genial  Frank  and 
Fred  Wors'er,  who  have  recently 
taken  the  Hallowell  House,  Hallow- 
ell.  Maine.  These  gentlemen  are  too 
well  known  as  first  class  hotel  mana- 
gers to  require  any  introduction  to 
the  public.  They  are  making  a  suc- 
cess of 

THE  HALLOWELL  HOTEL 


This  Space  is  re-      \j  r%m  ,, 

served  for  the     Ivloose  Kiver  House 

fackman  Station,  Maine 
It  is  onlv  a   few  steps  from  the  C.   P.  Ry.  Station  and  on  the  line  of  the 
H  h.lghv  '">   ^  Kennebec  country  in   the   State  o     Maine  t 
I^  a:\;'                   inJ  1',,;i,l:i-     »  is  i"  the  midst  of  the  charming  anc   p  ctur! 
>ose   River   Valley,    ,5  miles   from  the  boundary  line,  and         n    he 
he  game,  trout  and  salmon  region  of  the  Maine  Woods.    Comfort- 
blefrooms  with  hot  and  cold  water,  hath,  and  toilets  and  all  modern  equip- 
ments.      Autoists    should    k.ep   this   place   in    mind.  q    P 
-V.   W.  Bartley,  Prop. 


THE  BANGOR  COMMERCIAL 

MAINE'S  BEST  PAPER 

TRIAL  SUBSCRIPTION  TO  DAILY  81.00  FOR  THREE  MONTHS 

Weekly,  three  months  for  25  cts.  one  year,  $1.00 
The  Commercial     Daily  and  Weekly)  offers  advertisers,  the  most  powerful  ad- 
vertising influence  that  can  be  brought  to  bear  on  Maine  trade. 

J.  P.  Bass  Publishing  Co..     PUBL,SHERBlNGoR,  MA1NE 


50,000  Horse  Power 

AVAILABLE     FOR      INDUSTRIES     IN    CENTRAL     MAINE 

Central  Maine  Power  Co. 

Offices  at  Augusta,  Gardiner,  Waterville,  Skowhegan, 
Pittsfield  and  Dexter 


vVe  liave  vidence  of  the  reliability  of  the  advertisers  on  these  pages. 


PISCATAQUIS     EXCHANGE 

GREENVILLE   JUNCTION,   MAINE 
H.  N.  Bartley,  Proprietor 

At  the  foot  of  Moosehead  Lake,  the  largest  inland  lake  in  New 
England,  and  the  gateway  to  the  best  fishing  and  hunting  region 
in  the  country. 

This  Hotel  is  new  and  elegant,  bath  rooms,  cold  and  hot  water, 
and  all  of  its  equipments  and  appointments  modern  and  up-to-date. 

S2.50--S3.00   PER  DAY 


Established  1835 

R.  B.  Dunning 
&Co. 

Seedsmen 

Dealers  in 
Garden,    Field  and 

Grass  Seeds 
Agricultural  Imple- 
ments 
Dairy  Supplies 
Poultry  Supplies 
Woodenware 
Fertilizers,       Lime 

Cement,  Pumps 

Pipe,    Pipe  Fittings 

Etc. 

BANGOR,  MAINE 

Send  for  Catalogue 


KINEO  TRUST  CO., 

DOVER,  MAINE 

Organized  in  1905  to  meet  the  bank- 
ing needs  of  this  community.  Kineo 
Trust  Company  has  steadily  grown  in 
strength  and  public  favor,  until  today 
it  is  universally  recognized  as  one  of 
the  large  and  strong  financial  institu- 
tions of  Eastern  Maine. 

Liberal   Interest  Paid  on 

Savings    Deposits 
L.  P.  EVANS,  Pres..        W.  S.  OWEN,  V.  Pres, 

G.  L.  ARNOLD.  Treas. 


FOREST  CITY 
TRUST  CO. 

Masonic  Building 

PORTLAND,         ME. 

We  want  your  business  and  promise 
our  best  efforts  to  give  you  good  ser- 
vice.   


REAL  ADVANTAGES 


The  ample  capital  of  this  bank, 
its  financial  position  and  establish' 
ed  reputation  for  conservative 
business  methods  are  among  the 
substantial  ml  vantages  offered  to 
present  and  prospective  customers. 
It  is  the  uim  of  the  officers  and 
directors  to  maintain,  and  in 
every  way  feasible,  increase  these 
advantages. 

Our  equipment  in  each  and 
every  department  is  thorough, 
modern,  efficient,  and  we  invite 
YOI  I;  account  with  assurance 
that  we  are  fully  prepared  to 
meet  the  requirements  of  present 
and  prospective  patrons  in  a  spirit 
of  fairness  to  all  interests  con- 
cerned 

Safe  Deposit  Boxes  to  Rent 

Guilford  Trust  Co. 

Guilford  and  Greenville.  Maine 


„r  ,ua  »i;oKli;t«  r,f  trip  nHvertiscrs  on  these  pages