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STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS
uv
County Lieutenants
ill'RING THE
WAR OF THE REVOLUTION,
777-1789.
KDITRD BYX^VK«rYy^3y,\^e"S
WILLIAM H. KGLE. MT^ ^
VOLUME THHEE.
CLARKNCK M. BT-SCII.
<r\l'!': PRINTER OF PKXN'SVr.VANr \.
I Sqb.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Pace
Slate of the accounts of Col. Samuel Hunter, i^iLuienaii;
of Northumberland, 1777-1784 l-H
State of the accounts of Walter Clarke and VVilliam
Murray, Sub-Lieutenants of Northumberland. 1777-17S3. ir.-i'.'
State of the accounts of the Lieutenants and Sub-Lieu-
tenants of Bedford, 1777-1783, -l--"
State of the accounts of the Lieutenants and Sub-Li- n-
tenants of York, 1777-1783 37-fi.
State of the accounts of William Scott, Esquire, Lieu-
tenant of York county, 1783-1784 93-Ob
State of the accounts of William Scott, Esquire, Lieu-
tenant of York county, 1784-17SG 99-102
State of the accounts of John Hay, Esquire. Sub-Lien-
tenant of York county. 1777-1780 103-114
State of the accounts of the Lieutenants and Sub-Lieu-
tenants of Westmoreland county. 1777-17S3 115-13"
State of the accounts of Eaward Cook, Esquire. Lieu-
tenant of Westmoreland county, 1783-1784 133-13f.
State of the accounts of the Sub-Lieutenants of Wash-
ington county, 1781-1783 137-14^
State of the accounts of John Gloninger, Esquire, Lieu-
tenant of Dauphin county, 17S5-17S<s, 145-lof'
State of tlie accounts of George Clingan, Esquire. Treas-
urer of Franklin county, 1785-1788 161-172
State of the accounts of David Rlttenhouse. Treasurer of
Pennsylvania, 1788 173-312
The accounts of Isa.3c Snowden. Esquire, Treasurer of
the city and county of Philadelphia. 1777-1790 313-351
State of the accounts of John Baker, Esquire. Treasurer
of the city and county of Philadelph- . 17S6-17S0 353-38;:
Keport of the auditors of Public Accounts of the com-
missioners and treasurers of the county of Lancaster,
1782-1792 38,^-447
State of the accounts of William Pjrry, Esquire, late
Treasurer of Westmoreland county. 1783-1788 449-45(;
State of the accounts of Ephrr^im Douglas, Esquire,
Treasurer of Fayette county, 1785-1791 457-461
^iil)
iv CONTENTS.
State of tht' aucounis of F<.es received by the becreiai\
Of the Supreme Executive Council, 1786-1790 46::- is:.
Report of the Register-General relative to the Revenue
and Expenditures of the Commonwealth of Pennsyl-
vania. 1790 -1^"
( ibservations on the American Revoluiinn. published by
a Resolution of the Congress^. 177y B19-6:-
The Payment f Loans ard Interest by the Congresy.
1780 62.^-6:."
Uonaiion > i Military Tracts 'if Land granl-<l the
Soldiers of th- Pennsylvania Linv, .-. OnT-Ts^
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS
OF
Colonel Samuel Hunter,
LIEUTENANT
OF
NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY.
1777-1784.
l-7-;!d Ser.
(2)
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF SAMUEL HUNTER, ESQ.
LIEUTENANT OF NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY, FROM
MARCH 1777. TO MARCH 1784.
Samuel Hunter, esq. Dr. to Sundries.
John M. Nesbltt, Cont. Mo, State. Specie.
esq., treasurer
of the council of
safety,
Received per Col.
William Cook for
paying the mili-
tia of Northum-
berland coun.y,
Jan. 3. 1777 1S7 10
Paid Col. Philip
Cole the balance
of his account,
do. 9 45 5
Paid Col. Murray
for a like sum he
paid Col Hunter,
do. 13 25 2 6
2.7 17 6
Hon. Council "f Safety
Received per George Cal-
Hoon, Dec. 29, 177G 783 16
David Rittenhouse,
esq., treasurer.
Received upon an
order of council,
per Francis Alli-
son. July 12,
1777 30O
Do. per Joseph
Green, Jan. 1,
177S 1600
Do. per Thomas
Hewitt, Sept. 23,
1777 750
Do. per Matt.
Slough, to be de-
livered John
Hambright, and
forwarded to said
Hunter, for pur-
chasing provi-
sions, June 21,
1778 937 10
Do. Jacob Reigart
to be forwarded
as above. July 4. 562 10
Do. by order of
council, April 14,
1779 1809 a
Carried 5959 104112 «
(3)
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Samuel Hunter, esq. Dr. to Sundries.
BS59
3750
Brought over, ..
Received per Jo-
seph Hart, esq.,
May 3. do
Do. per John Ham-
bright on ac-
count for raising
a company of
rangers. June 9,
1780 10000
Do. for raising a company
of rangers for defence of
the frontiers, Feb. 1781. ...
Do. for recruiting Capt.
Robinson's ranging com-
pany, Dec. 8, 1781
John HambrlgUt, esq
Received of him' which had
been sent from the trea-
sury, April 19, 1779
Matthew Smith, esq
Received of Daniel Ree^.
supposed to be a part of
the monies paid to said
Smith for the defence of
the frontiers. June 8. 1779.
Geo. Wolf, esq,, sub lieu-
tenant.
Received of htm,
being fines col-
lected, March 6.
1778
150 l.i
397 10
(1
Do. Jan. 29. 1779,..
William Murray,
suii lieu-
tenant.
Received of him bf
Mnn fines
collected, April 1.'
. 177S.
Militia Pines.
Received of Rob-
er Martin, fines
collected. April
30. 177S
226 15
Do. of .Ion. Lodge.
sheriff, do
80
Do. tlie line of C
Gough
22 10
,,
Dn ..f John
P.irkei. do
20
n
of sheriff Lo,lgP
fn;- Livingston's
Carried
849 5
Cont. mo.
61041 U a
197Gd
• 00
3750
U75
302
ItO
Specie.
190
(:
ItO
NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY.
Samuel Hunter, esq. Dr. to Sundrie?.
Brought over. ..
349
5
27255 17 6
100
120
fine. April, 1779,.
50
Of Thomas Hewitt,
es.].. the fines of
James M'Neal
and Tlinnias Bar-
ry, April, 1779...
57
2 G
406 7 G
u
Balance due to Col.
Hunter,
3S30 9
u
24il 18
8
100
Sundries, Dr. to Samuel Hunter, esq.
cent. Mo. state. Specie
United States,
For the following
sums paid by
Cnl. Hunter out
of a part of 35000
.1. ll,irs borrowed
of Ccngress. Oct.
27, 177C. ad-
vanced for the
militia of North-
umberland coun-
ty, and after-
wards credited
by them at set-
tlement with the
I'nited States.
VIZ.. to Col. Phi-
lip Cole. D' c. 14,
1776. £108. do. 19,
£76 10. do. per
John M. Xesbit,
esq., Jan. 9. 1777,
iio 3. to Capt.
John Lee, Dec.
13, 1776. £108, do.
19. £2'., do 20.
£40 l.j. do. 24, £34
10. to Col. Ben.
Wei.'->r. Dec. 22.
1776. 52 10, Col.
Jame- Potter.
£261
Paid Joseph Green,
quarter master,
for provisions
furnished the mi-
litia on their
march per ac-
count. July 21.
Carried
ACCOUNTS OF L,IEUTENANTS.
Sundries, Dr. to Samuel Hunter, esq.
Cont. mo. State mo.
Brought over, . 706 5
1777
Do. for 9 days pay
as quartermaster
Cul. Kelly's bat-
talion, do
Capt. John Foster,
for his; own pay,
find the pay of
his company of
mi.it a, do. 2S. ..
Dr.Beniiet for for-
age, July as, 1777,
t'apt. Thomas Gas-
kins for his own
pay, and the pay
o' his company of
mllltla, Dec. 8, . .
(. oi. Lookson Long,
pay of Capt.Wil-
s m and his com-
pany, do. 29,
c:<-oige Keife.-wag-
Bfin hire.carryinK
baggage, do. 30. .
l>r. Ben. Allison
for his pay as
surgeon, 6 days,
Aug. 1
l.if'Ut. t'ol. 11. White
(pf militia, 6 days
I'ay. Sept. 27. ...
Co;. John Kelly of
do.6do.do.Oct.ie,
JohnByers quarter
master, for pro-
visions furnished
the militia, do. 3,
Wi:iiani Bonham,
for291 lb. beef fur-
nished do. Nov. 4,
William Bailey,
quarter master.
In part of . JhU
account of provi-
sions. Nov. 10, £68,
and do. 11. £45,
Dr. Ben. Allison,
surgeon, 1st
class, col. Kel-
61 19
3
37 6
6
10 6
14 11
111
Specie.
Carried 1034 3
NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY.
Sundries. Dr. to Samuel Hunter, esq.
Specie
Brought over, . 1034 S
l\'s baitaUon, 2
months pay,
Nov. 18. 177T. ... 41 5
Juhi. Ream for 64
lb. beef for the
use of the mlli-
'ii, Dec 11 3 4
Capt. Tho. Gas-
kins for his own
anil Uie pay of
his company of
Nortliumberla n d
mililin, from
14 Sept. to 8
Nov. 1777. Jan.
12. 1778 315 15 8
Col. John Kelly
for his pay from
14 Sept. to Sth
Nov. 1777. do. 10, 50 12
Capt. Casper Reed,
for himself and
company, do. to
do. do. 21 242 P
Josejih Green for
his pay as quar-
ter master, from
do. to do. do. 23. 17 5
Major Jonas Yo-
come his pay for
2 months, Feb.
17. do., 37 10
Capt. John Mull
for military ser-
vices. March IS. . 3
John M'MuUin his
pay as surgreon's
mate, 14 Sept. to
8 Nov. 1777. do,
4. 27
Capt. Thomas Wil-
son for his own
anil the pay of
his company for
said time, April
13. 177S 203 17
Capt. John Chat-
ham, for p.Ty of
a party after dis-
affected persons,
July 16. do 3 7 C
Carried 20:.9 5 5
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries, Dr. to Samuel Hunter, esq.
Cont. Mo. State. Specie.
Brought over, 2069 5 5
Robert Martin, esq.
for ferriages of
the militia, Jan.
23. 1778 11 8 9
John Weitiiel, for
acting as com-
missary of stores
at .Sunbury. 30
May 177S 47 10
William Slmms for
riding express,
July 10. 1778, ... 11 5
Do. do. April 25.
1779 7 10
John Basons for
pay of 8 persons
employed as spies
between North-
umberland town
and Licomlng.
Aug. 16, do 33 15
John Mahon do. do.
between Muncey
Hill and Doom-
ing. Aug. 28. do. 45
Paid John Easons
for services re-
connoitring be-
tween Lycoming
and Muncey Hill
Aug. 28, 1779. ... 45
Do. do. Sept. 6,
do ... 26 5
William King for
do. do 30
Thomas Ferguson
for do. do 71 5
John Weitzel, In
part pay. as su-
perintendent of
the magazine at
Sunbury, Oct. 14. 285
James Murray, for
services lecon-
noitring. Aug.
J.9 135
Dr. BenJ. AUlBon.
for 6 months pay
as surgeon, from
1st April to Oct.
33 202 10 n
Carried 3020 14
NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY.
Sundries. Dr. to Samuel Hunter, esq.
Cont. mo. State mo. Sppclp
Brought over. 3020 14
Walt.r Claik. for
services of 3 men
as spies. Nov.
25. 1779 135
Peter Gabriel for
baking 3 cwt. of
biscuit for a
secret expedition
against the In-
dians, July 21.
1780 33 15
John Weitzell, In
part pay as su-
perintendent Sept.
11. do 187 10
William Campbell
for his services
;is pilot on the
Indian expedi-
tion Oct. 2 TS 15
James Hepburn for
purchasing provi-
sions being In
part of his ac-
count settled by
assembly. and
the balance paid,
Dec. T. 1779 112 10
Col. James Murray,
Paid him out of
thf money ^ent
hy the council of
safety. Dec. 10.
1770 261
Paid him as cap-
tain for recruit-
ing his company,
July 14, 177S 90
Do. fnr arms fur-
nished liy his
company of 6
months men,
m,iy 6. 1779 1809
Anilrew Culbertson,
Paid him for the use of pur-
chasing provisions. Oct. 9,
1777
Ma.ior Robert Arthur.
Paid him towards the pay
5S09 19 2
10
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries, Dr. to Samuel Hunter, esq.
of the militia c
march, No. 11, 1777
Joseph Green, quarter
master,
Paid him for providing pro-
visions for the first class
on the frontiers. Jan. 10.
1778
Col. William Cooke,
Paid him for to purchase
provisions for the militia.
June 2, 1778
Capt. Thomas Kemplin,
Paid him for re-
cruiting a com-
pany of rangers.
May 7, 1779 75
Do. do. do. 12, do. 450
Do. do. June 15, do. 339 7 6
Do. for the pay
of his company,
Aug. 13, do 82 10
Do. per John Car-
mady, sergeant,
to pay for hunt-
ing Bhlrts for
Capt. Kemplin' s
company, Sept. 22. 13 10
Do. paid himself,
Oct. 15, do 82 10
Paid him per
Thomas Moore
for his company.
Nov. 19, 1779, ... 225
Do. do. for do.
May 3, 1780 112 10
Capt. George Grant, of 9th
Pennsylvania regiment,
Paid him for the
recruiting ser-
vice, Mar. 27,
1778 157 2 6
Do, do. April 21. do. 25 10
Capt. William Wilson, of
first regiment.
Paid him for the
recruiting ser-
vice. April IC,
1778 150
Cont. Mo.
5S09 19
22 10
967 5 6
Specie.
13S0 7 6
Carried 150
NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY. 11
Sundries, Dr. to Samuel Hunter, esq.
Cent. M >. Stai.1:-. Specie.
Brought over, . 150 9327 4 S
Capt.WUson. cont
Paid him for the
recruiting ser-
vice, April 30,
1778 204 7 C
Capt. Lieut. John Boyd, of
12th regiment.
Paid him for the
recruiting ser-
vice. April. 1778. ir.O
Do. do. May 7, do. 7,".
Capt. Thomas Robinson of
rangers,
Paid him for rais-
ing his company.
July 11. 171^0, ... 287S 17 6
Paid him for re-
cruiting service,
Jan. 7. 1781. ....'.
815
12
f;
Do. do. do 16. do.
811
10
Do. do. Ap. 3. 17S1.
37
10
Do. d". do. Ki. do.
IS
1.-
"
Do. do. Dec. 21. do.
IS
Do. dc Feb. 2.';.
1782
6
Do. do. May 20. do.
11
€
Do. do, do.
12
10
Do. ner Lieut,
Samuel M'Grady
for six months
13
2
r
Lieut, Jacob Cramer of
rangers,
Paid him for the recruiting
service and pay. March 8.
1781
Military Stores.
Paid sundry persons at sun-
dry times for 4 rifles. 1
musket and bayon>n. 236'-
n., wwder, 404>i 11., lead.
Carried
73 h
12 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries, Dr. to Samuel Hunter, esq.
Cont. M •. State. Specie.
Brought over 14412 12 " 75 60 12 6
574 flints. 2 powder kegs,
and for repairing of arms,
a n d transportation of
arms and ammunition 914 in >0 511 2
Mliltla Expences,
Paid sundry ex-
presses on public
business for the
defence of the
county, the fam-
ilies of poor mil-
itia men in the
service, capts. for
malting returns of
male whites, ferri-
ages drummers,
and fifers. station-
ery, IJI. for a sub-
stitute, exper.ces
of conveying dis-
tressed families
from Fort Free-
land and other
contingent expen-
ces, 1777 to 1781. 1551 18 9
William Murray,
esq., for his ser-
vices as sub-
lieutenant 4 10
William Wa Bon,
esq., for do 33 4
For his own pay
as sub-lieutenant
from 22d March,
1777. to 5th April,
1779. 667 days at
22s. 6d., from the
5th April, 1779.
to 10th of Oct.
160 days, at 37s.
6d.. from 10th of
Oct. 1779. to 20th
March. 1780, 118
days at 6 1. in all 1758 7 6
Ditto, from 20th
Mar.. 17S0, to
21st June, 17S1.
employed 375 day s
at 30 I. per day, . 112".m
Do. from 21st June. 1781, to
NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY.
Sundries, Dr. to Samuel Hunter, esq.
Brought over
Mar., 1T&4, 403 days, ol"
which 3ST at 15s. ami 10 at
12.'^. C d. specie
J( hn Hambright. e.-^i| .
p'ora deficiency of 42J 2-3 dol-
lars, in the luoiw 1. he re-
ceived at the treasury,
June 9. ITSii. to he sent to
Col. Hunter, and of which
the sum of 22433 dollars
only was delivered, per
voucher
Balance due hy Col. Hunter,
Cunt. Mo
211924 13 3
1587 12 6
13
Specie.
OG 13 8
Col. Samuel Hunter, esq. Dr.
State mo.
To balance of the foregoing account
due to the state
To funded debt,
For sundry certificates issued agree-
able to act of assembly. April 1,
1784,
25
Specie.
278 14 3
278 14 3
Contra, Cr.
By balance of the foregoing account
in favour of col. Hunter, £3830 9.
continental money, equal to
Do. do. in specie
1 to
25
31 15
246 18
7
8
25
278 14 3
Examined and settled.
JOHN NICHOLSON.
Comptroller General'.'^ Office.^
Philadelphia, April 6, 1784. j
14 ACCOUNTS OF L,IEUTENANTS.
The Accounts of Walter Clarke, William Murray, George
Wolf, and William Watson, esquires, Sub-Lieutenants, have not
been rendered for Settlement.
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS
Walter Clarke and William Murray,
SUB-LIEUTENANTS
NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY.
1777-1783.
(15>
(16)
ACCOUNT^ of WALTER CLARKE. ESQ. FROM MARCH. 1777,
TO APRIL 1ST, 1783.
WALTER CLARKE, Esq. Dr. to Militia Fines.
Received from sundry persons, their fines for not marching
with the militia, viz. Detriclv Wertz, £20; Abraham Treley,
£20; Adam Colpetzer. £20: David Duncan. £30; David Wells,
£20; John Shibley. £30; Daniel Verner, £30: James Watson,
£30; Henry Gethart. £20: Christian Shibley, £25: David Smith,
£30; James Young. £18 1.5; John Baker, £30: John Thompson,
£30; James M'Kelvey, £20; John Gilleland, £20; James M'Cord,
£20; Daniel Cook. £40; Philip Hoy, £5; Jacob Miller. £10; Corne-
lius Demfey. £5: John Mitchell, £5: of sheriff Lodge by Col.
Hunter's order, £40. Likewise exercise fines of Capt. William
Gray, 25 s; and of Capt. William Ir-
wine, 10 s; in all £520 10
Balance due to Col. Clarke, equal to £St> 3 4 specie.
including £36 17 6 specie, for his pay 2520 2 3
£3040 12 3
CONTRA Cr.
United States.
Paid Capt. John Forster, for the pay
of his company of tiie first, class,
Jan. IC, 1778, 310 S
Christian Storm, for a blanket, March
12, do 2 5
Capt. Geo. Obermier, for warning
classes, June 8, do 2 10
William Shields, for a blanket, June
10, ditto, 2 10 .
James Thompson, for warning classes,
October 13, do 3
John Cryder, for ditto, do. 2<3. do 4 10
Capt. William Gray, for ditto. Dec.
23, do 5
Capt. Samuel Young, for ditto, Jan.
25, 1779, 4 n
Capt. Forster. for ditto 12:h ditto 4 10
Robert Clarke, for a blanket lost at
the Gulph mills, in action, ditto
26th ditto, 7 10
Militarv Stores.
346
Paid sundry persons for 5 rifles. 6 musquets, 21
flints, a socket and wiper, for repairing arms
and for carriage of ditto and ammunition 172 15
Carried over £518 18
2-7-3d Ser. (17)
]S ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries Dr. to Walter Clarke, Esq. brought over, £518 18
Militia Expences.
Paid expresses on sundry occasions,
for making returns of male whites,
for services at appeals, repairing
drums, and clerk hire, 48 16 9
For his own pay as sub-lieutenant
from March 1777 to 21st April 1781,
employed 256 days, 2436
For his own pay, from 21st June 1781
to 1st April 1783, employed 59 days
at 12 s 6 specie, 36 17 6
2521 14 3
£3040 12
(Comptroller General's Office, Examined and Settled,
June 23, 1784. JOHN NICHOLSON.
Walter Clarke, Esq. Dr. to Funded Debt. Specie.
Received a certificate agreeable to Act, April 1st,
1784, , 86 3 4
Contra Cr.
By Balance above, brought down, £86
ACCOUNTS OF WILLIAM MURRAY. ESQUIRE. FROM
MARCH 1777, TO MARCH, 1780.
WILLIAM MURRAY. Esq. Dr. to Militia Fines.
Received from' sundry persons, their fines before 15th April,
1778, viz. Alter Emmins. £20: Daniel Fields. £20: Thomas Clay-
ton, £20: Matthew Russell. £20: George Walker, £20: Joseph
Berry, £20; Morgan Jenkins, £20; John Bell, £20; Garret Van-
campen. £20; William Black, £24; Thomas Oar. £24; William
Hamill, £20; Samuel Shaw, £30; Isaac WHllets. £30; William
Hartford. £30; Benjamin Spraig, ££0: Samuel Clarke. £24; George
Dougherty. £30; James Hollsworth, £30; John Scott, £24; Philip
Davis, £30, £506
Received from sundry persons for
non-attendance upon days of exer-
cise 39
Ditto ditto, for not marching in their
tours, from April 1778 to Jan. 1779.. 250
795
Balance due to Wm. Murray. Esq. equal to £1016 6 324 15 10
£1119 15 10
NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY.
CONTRA Cr.
James Murray, Esq.
Paid him for the use of his company of six
months men, October 21, 1778,
Samuel Hunter, Esq. Lieutenant.
Paid him on account of fines collected, April 15,
1778,
United States.
Paid Thomas Gaskins for warning
the militia to march, Jan. 11, 1779,. 5
Ditto, sundry expresses, ditto ditto,.. 4 17 6
Do. Frederick Stone, expences of a
guard, do 1 2 6
Military Stores.
Paid sundry persons for 7 musquets. 1 rifle, 1
bayonet sling, 2 lbs powder, 6% lbs lead, re-
pairing arms, expences procuring arms and am-
munition
Militia Expences.
Paid ten substitutes hired to serve in
the militia, 204
Ditto for taking returns of male
whites, and for attendance at ap-
peals 10
For his own services as sub-lieuten-
ant, from March 1777, to 20th
March 1780, employed 172 days, per
account 336
19
120
302
11
136 15 10
550
£1119 15 10
Examined and settled,
Comptroller General's Office,
June 23, 1784.
JOHN NICHOLSON.
(20)
STATH OF THE ACCOUNTS
OF THE
Lieutenants and Sub-Lieutenants
or
BEDFORD COUNTY.
1777-1783.
(21)
(22)
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF JOHN PIPER, ESQUIRE,
LATE LIEUTENANT OF BEDFORD COUNTY. FROM
MARCH 1777 UNTIL OCTOBER 30TH. 17S0.
JOHN PIPER, Esq. Lieut. Dr. To Sundries.
David Rittenhouse. Esq. Treasurer.
Received by Order of Council per R.
Galbraith. Esq. July 8. 1777, £150
Do. do. November 27, do 300
Do. do. per Wm. HoUiday. Dec. 9. do. 400
Do. do. per H. Davison, Feb. 3, 1778,. 200
Do. do. do. 22, 1779 1000
Do. do. per Dr. Gardner, May 9, 1780, 5000
£7050
Militia Fines.
Received from Richard Kimber £5. Robert Brad-
ahaw £10. Elisha Logitor £10. John M'Gauehey
£10. Wm. Eccles £1 10. William Cowen £10
Samuel Davidson £30. Daniel Map £15, and
Jos. Friend £25, being all the fines received by
him
Balance due by the State, equal to £37 18 6 specie,
116 10
910 4 2
£8076 14 2
Sundries Dr. To John Piper, Esq. Lieutenant of Bedford County,
United States.
Paid George Shortly for riding ex-
press September 19th, 177S £3 15
Oljadiah Leaton, foi- carriage of pro-
visions, August 13th, do 7 10
Widow Doegood, for a pension de-
creed by court for a soldier, wound-
ed in the service. May 29th, 1779,.. 22 10
William Parker, for 400 lb. of beef,
and 8% cwt. flour for the use of the
militia, September 20th, 1778 102 10
Paid Major Robert Cluggage, being
for a like sum paid by him for 85%
lb. dried beef, and 14 lb pork, de-
livered for the militia 20th Mav
1780, ". 279 7 6
Adam Young, for 135 lb. bacon for
the militia. May 20th. 1779 IG 17 6
Robert Cluggage. for riding express
and for pay of a guard, Mmv 21st.
1780 91 17 6
Carried over £524 7 6
(23)
24
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTx^NANTS.
Sundries Dr. lo John Piper, Esq.
United States, brought forward, £524 7 6
Moses Reed, for 19i/^ gallons of whis-
key for the use of the militia,
March 23, 1779, 17 11
Thomas Thompson, for 13 lb. 'of
bacon for the use of the militia,
June 1st, 1780 39
James Little, for 6 bushels of corn for
do. do. 22d, do 60
Henry Heness, for 6 do. do. July
10th, do 72
Daniel Guthrie, for carriage of flour
for the militia, June 21st, 64 10
Obadiah Leaton, for carrying flour for
militia, May 4th, 1779, 6
Asher Leaton. for do. Aug. 13th, 1778, 18 3
John Canan, for provisions furnished
the militia, do. 8th do 121 17 6
Jacob Roller, do. do. do. 1st, do... 41 6 11
Hugh Simpson, for shoeing pack
horses employed carrying provi-
sions for the militia in state mo.
January, 1784, 10
Thomas Urie, sen.
Paid him on account, 1777
Thomas Urie, jun.
Paid him on account. 1777
James Martin. Esq. Sub-Lieutenant.
Paid him on account, Mar. 16th, 1778, £50
Ditto ditto ditto 20
Ditto do. per Rob. Galbraith, 1777, 18 15
Edward Coombe, Esq. Sub-Lieutenant.
Paid him on acount, per R. Galbraith,
1777, £75
Ditto ditto, 140 5
Ditto ditto, 41 5
Ditto per Thomas Croffan, 1780, 315 15
William Holliday, jun. Sub-Lieutenant.
Paid him on account. 1777
William Holliday, sen. Paymaster, &c.
Paid him per David Rittenhouse. Esq. to pur-
chase provisions, see his account. Decern. 9th
1777
John Morgan, Commissary.
Paid him to purchase provisions. Mav
29th, 1780 ■. £375 q
Carried over, £375
948 1 2
30
37 10
15
572 5
1
400
2098 12 2
BEDFORD COUNTY. 25
Sundries Dr. to John Piper, Esq.
John Morgan, brought forward £375 2098 12 2
Paid him to purchase provision^,,
June 5th, 1780 1125
Ditto October 7th, do 187 10
Hugh Davidson, Esq. Sub-Lieutenant.
Militia Expences.
Paid sundry persons for taking re-
turns of the different townships, . . 48
Paid judges for services at appeals,.. 15
Paid George Shortly express June
20th. 1780 39
Paid Geo. Elder for his services as
clerk from 1777 till October 18th,
1780, 300
For his pay as Lieutenant of Bedford
county, from Mar. 1777 till October
1780, employed 358 days 2033 12 6
Paid Robert Galbraith per the afRda-
vir of said Galbraith, a fee in the
case of Samuel Davidson fcr a mili-
tia fine incurred, which he refused
to pay, 1778 13 5 U
1687 10
Paid him on account per David Rittenhouse, Esq.
February 1778, 200
Major Robert Cluggage.
Paid him for the pay of a detachment of Bedford
county militia on account, May 21st, 1780, 225
Military Stores.
Paid in Shippensburg for 40 flints,. . . £5
John Cesna for carriage of arms 94 10
Paid Rob Moore carriage of ammuni-
tion, 10
Samuel Thompson ditto 17 5
Will. Jones his bills for repairing
arms, 131 18 6
Jacob Saylor ditto ditto, 22 8 6
William Holliday for 100 gun flints,.. 37 10
H. Didier for 66 lb. lead delivered
Thomas Smith. Esq. June 1780 420 15
Joseph M'Farran for carriage of mili-
tary stores 210
William Jones for repairing arms 402 12 6
Samuel Thompson for carriage am-
munition, 5 10
1357 9 6
• '.arried over £2448 17 G 5563 11 s
26 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries Dr. to John Piper. Esq.
Militia Expenses, brought forward, £2448 17 6 5568 11 8
Paid Tho. Crossan for money distri-
buted as almoner, June 1780 59 5
2508 2 6
£8076 14 2
John Piper, Esq. Dr. to David Rittenbouse, Esq.
Rec. of him on order of council, Mar. 29th, 1787, £37 18 6
Contra Cr.
By balance of the foregoing account 37 18 6
State of the Accounts of Thomas Urie, sen. Esq. late Sub-
Lieutenant, Bedford County.
Thomas Urie, Esq. Dr. To Sundries.
Military Stores.
RECEIVED from David Rittenhouse, Esq. on order
of Council. March 31st. 1778 £97 10
John Piper, Esq. Lieutenant.
Received from him on account 30
121 10
Contra Cr.
By Military Stores.
Paid sundry persons for 55 gun flints. 6 12 6
Paid Andrew Gibson for hauling
arms 44 10
Do. William Henry. E.sq. do 7 10
By Militia Expenses.
58 12 6
For his- services as Sub-Lieutenant,
from September 1777 until March
1778, employed 45 days 45 10
Paid John Woods £3. for clerking.
and £G. to an express 9
54 10
Balance due to the State, equal to £1 13 6 specie. 8 7 6
121 10
BEDFORD COUNTY. ^'
State of the Accounts of Thomas Urie, jun. Esq. late Sub-
Lieutenant of Bedford County, during the time he acted as
such.
Thomas Urie, jun. Esq. Dr. To John Piper, Esq. late Lieutenant.
Received of him on account. 1777, 37 10
Balance due by the State, equal to 2-8 specie 4 U
41 10
Contra Cr.
By Militia Expences.
For his service as Sub-Lieutenant,
employed 36 days 40
Paid for clerking 1 IC
'â– 41 10
State of the account of William Holliday, jun. Esq. late Sub-
Lieutenant of Bedford County, whilst he continued to act.
William Holliday, jun. Esq. Dr. to Sundries.
John Piper, Esq. late Lieutenant.
Received of him on account 1777 22 1
Balance equal to £11 S 5 specie 59 9 10
SI 10 10
Contra Cr.
By Militia Expences.
For his services as Sub Lieutenant
employed 74 days £70 o
For clerk hire and o;her expences, .. 5 10 10
William Holliday, jun. Dr. to Funded Debt.
For a certificate No. 33S5 delivered for the balance
due,
SI 10 10
11 S 5
Contra Cr.
By balance of the above account H S 5
State of the Accounts of Hugh Davidson, Esq. late Sub-Lieu-
tenant of Bedford County.
Hugh Davidson, Esq. Dr. to Sundries.
John Piper, Esq. late Lieutenant.
RECEIVED of Da. Rittenhouse. Esq.
which was charged to the account
of said Piper. February 3d. 1778, .. 200
Carried over, £200
28 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries Dr. to Hugh Davidson, Esq.
Sub-Lieut, brought forward, £200
Edward Coombe. Esq. Sub-Lieutenant.
Received of him on account, 36
Militia Fines.
Received from sundry persons their fines per list,
incurred, 1777 & 1778, 331 2
United States.
Paid John Morgan for 60 days hire
of a pack horse and for 3 bushels
of oats, March 26th, 1778 11 17 6
Ditto for flour for the militia on their
march, 5 o
Militia Expences.
Paid 12 substitutes hired to serve in
the militia, at £2.5 each 300
Paid for taking returns 55s. and for
paper 10s 3 5
Paid for collecting militia fines, ... 21 2 6
For his own services as Sub-Lieuten-
ant. 87 days S7
£567 2
James Martin, Esq. Sub-Lieutenant.
Paid him on account, P'ebruary 11th 1778 75
Edward Coombe, Esq. Sub-Lieutenant.
Paid him on account, per receipt, Feb. 12th 1778, . . 20
Military Stores.
Paid James Bell for a musket 6
James Coyle for carrying ammuni-
tion, 5 17
Rowland Harris for carrying arms
& do ' 17
Christian Friley foi' do 15
43 17
16 17 6
411 7 6
£567 2
BEDFORD COUNTY
29
Account of Delinquent Fines, Hugli Davison Sub-Lieutenant.
James Picket, ...
Lawrence Swope,
Henry Hardlifttr,
Bazil Treacy
Hethcott Picket, .
John Ch;icott
William Long. ..
Corben Line
Giles S'.pvens
John P.irish
Joseph Mackerall,
Thomas Cnnley. .
John Longr.
Thomas M^ur'-. ..
â– William Wrig'.it,
Jacob Lean
James P.arnet, ...
James Burd
19
10 C
10 C
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Carried forward,
Br. forw
Peter O' Donald. .
Herculas Camp. .
Wdliam Ju.<=tice.
Andrew Miciuu 1.
Josei-h Reed
John Walker, —
Nicholas Welch, .
John Appleby
John Pollock
Fergus Moorhead,
James M'Ardel. .
John Tice
John Mcorc
John Ramsey, ...
i.ieorsre Lucas
Samuel Poll ok, ..
10 10
12 1"
9
11 u
.'.
12 111
;; M
G
G
7 10
7 10
5
5
3 7
12 10
12 10
:.
state of the Accounts of Edward Coombe, Esq. late Sub-Lieu-
tenant of Bedford County, from March 1777 until August 1780,
Edward Coombe, Esq. Sub-Lieutenant Dr. to Sundries.
John Piper. Esq. late Lieutenant.
RECEIVED of him at sundr.v times, per receipts. 2.36 I'l
Hugh Davison, Esq, Sub-Lieutenant.
Received of him on account, per receipt Feb. 12,
1778, 20
Militia Fines.
Received as follows, viz. From John Swpyler,
201. Nath, Rular, .3 1. John Morton. 40 1. Wil-
liam Morton. 10 1. Moses Morton, 40 1, John
Truax. l-' 1. John Smith, 1.3 1. James M'Cormick.
30 1. Moses Gordon. 10 1. William Anderson. 3 1.
Nath. Rular. 5 1. John Guthrey, 20 1. John
Fisher, 50 1. Daniel Fixkle. 5 1 20S o
Balance due to Edward Coombe, 2 7 <
546 17
30 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries Dr. to Edward Coombe, Esq. Sub-Lieutenant.
Hugh Davison. Esq. Sub-Lieutenant.
Paid him on account 3G
Bernard Dougherty, Esq. County Treasurer.
Paid him a balance, Sept. 29, 1779, . . £14 15
Do. on account, April 30th, 1780, 230
244 15
Militia Expences.
Paid sundry persons attending ap-
peals, taking returns of male
whites, noticing the militia and
clerking 43 10
For his services as Sub-Lieutenant,
from May 1777. till September 17S0,
employed 121 days 222 12
261; 2
546 17
State of the Accounts of James Martin, Esq. Sub-Lieutenant
of Bedford County, from March 1777, till March 1780.
James Martin, Esq. Sub-Lieutenant, Dr. To Sundries.
John Piper, Esq. late Lieutenant.
RECEIVED of him on account,
March 16th, 1778
Do. do
Do. do. per Robert Gal
braith, 1777. . .
88 15
Hugh Davison, Esq. Sub-Lieutenant.
Received of him on account, Febr. 11th, 1778, 75
Militia Fines.
Received the following fines, viz. From Gideon
Ritchie, 8 1. and from John Cesna. supposed to
be a part of the fine of Thomas Johnston, say,
3 1 11
Balance due to Col. Martin 29 17 6
£5(1 U
20
18 15
204 12 6
Contra Cr.
By Militia Expences.
Paid for substitute money to 3 substitutes, judges
for services at appeals, sundry persons for tak-
ing returns and noticing militia, and for 97
days pay as Sub-Lieut 204 12 6
204 12 6
BEDFORD COUXTY. [ii.
Slate of the Al-couius of George Ashman, Eyii. Lieutenant of
Bedford County, from October ITSU, till A])ril 178o.
Sundries Di-. To George Ashman, Esq. Lieutenant.
Militia Exi)ences.
Foi- lii.s services as Lieutenant from
the 1st J)eceml)ei- ITSo, until tiio
lilst June, 17S1, emi)loyed 59V2
ilays. at :!(» 1. is 187", 1. equal to ..." liG 15 C
]»(). do. from the lllsl .June 1781, un-
til ilie 1st of AiM'il 178:;, employed
S71-0 day.^, at 15 s G5 12 C>
Paid an express, and for stationarv, i' 8 G
United States.
91 V< f.
Paid Thomas Lock, for transporting militia bag-
gage and provisions. Aug. 30th. 178:! 1 Pi n
£9(1 ti G
Note. Color.el Ashman had the superintendance of the spcond
battalion more particulaidy, and received no tines, nor were
any incurred therein during the period aforesaid.
State of tlic Accounts of ICdward Coomhe, Esq. laie Suii-Lieti-
tenant from .August 17nu. until the 1st of .Xpi'il. 178::.
Edward Coombe, Esq. Dr. To Sundries.
.lohu Piper. Esq. Lite I^ieutenant.
Received per Thos. Crossen. Almon- Cont. Mo. Specie,
er, July 2Gth. 1780 1:315 15
Militia Fines.
Received from stindry persons of the
1st batalion, their fines for non-
performance of militia duty, in-
curred within the period aforesaid,
viz. 50 1. Cont. Mon. of James
Riggs, £7 Ki (I specie of John M"-
Kinly. £10 (> 'A do. of Wm. Pat-
terson, and 22s 6 of Zach. Smith. .. 5n o IS is !)
Balance due by the State (jl 11 11
365 15 SU 10 8
32 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries Dr. To Edward C'oombe, Esq. late Sub-Lieutenant.
Cont. Mo. Specie.
Balance due at last settlement, .... 270
Militia Expences.
For his service.^ as Sub-Lieutenant,
from the 27th of December 1780.
till 21st of June 17S1. employed 14
days, at 25 1 350
Do. from the 21st of June
17S1, to the 1st of April
178.3. employed lOG days,
at 12s G £GG 5
For the service.s of the ]
magistrates at appeals, i .., ^ „
for expresses, clerk hire | "*
and stationary (
80 10 S
Balance due to the State. 13 8 n
365 15 £80 10 S
Edward Coombe, Esq. Dr. Specie.
To Balance above £13 S. Cont. ]\lon. equal to fO 6 1
Funded Debt.
Delivered a certificate Oct. 22d. 17S-1. for the bal-
ance 01 5 10
£61 11 11
Contra Or.
By Balance al)ove CI 11 11
Note, The amount of the outstanding fines in Col. Coombe's
district, which were incurred within the period aforesaid, but
not yet paid, amount to £2^2 5 2 specie.
State of the Accounts of Robert Culbertson. Esq. late Sub-
Lieutenant of Bedford Countv. from March 1780, till April
1st, 1783.
Militia Expences, Dr. To Robert Culbertson, Esq. Sub Lieut.
For his pay as Sub-Lieutenant, from
the 1st of July 1780. until the 21&t
of June 1781, employed 47 days, at
25 1. 1 150 1, equal to 17 8
Do. from 21st of June 17S1, till Is!
of April 1783, employed 11 davs. at
12s G 6 17 fi
£24
Note, No fines were incui-rcd or received in Col. Culbertson's
district, during the period above mentioned.
BEDFORD COJXTY. 33
S;ate of the Accounts of James Martin. Esq. Sub-Lieutenant,
from March 1780, until April 1st. ITs:".
James Martin. Esq. Sub-Lieutenant. Dr. To Sundries.
Militia Fines. Cant. Mo. Specie.
Received from Tidball. his fine. 7 1<» u
Received from John Elder. £7 10.
John Friend, £7 5. William Lea-
ton, 10 s. Isaac Plummer, 30 s. Cas-
per Nick. £7 10. Abram Armine,
£7 10. John Tygart. £4 3. Alex.
Huston. £7 10. Jame.s Spurgeon.
£7 10 50 18
Balance due by the State 253G 2 6 50 19 3
7 O
2543 12 C 101 17
Sundries Dr. To James Martin, Esq, Sub-Lieutenant.
Balance due last Account 29 17 6
Military Stores.
Paid Jacob Saylor. for repairing
arms, and 12 pairs of wipers. Aug.
and Sept. 1779 57 15
United States.
Paid David Organ for
services done by his
pack horses, on an ex-
pedition, October 5th.
1782 5 12 3
David Irwin, for do. do. 3
Duncan M'Sparren, for
do 1 10
Thomas Woods, for car-
riage of ammuition and
clothing for the ran-
gers from Carlisle to
Bedford 14 17 6
24 19 9
Militia Expences.
For his services as Sub-
Lieu tenant, from
March 1780. until 21st
Januarv 1781, 92 days,
at 25 1 2300
Paid John Woods at sun-
dry times for clerking. 156
24r.fi
Paid sundry persons for
stationary £1 5
Carried over £1 5 2543 12 fi 24 19 9
3-7-3d Ser.
34 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries Dr. To James Mariin, Esq. Sub-Lieutenant.
Cont. Mo. Specie.
Militia Expences. bro";
lorw
Paid the almoners,
Judges tor attending
Courts of Appeal
George Woods and David
Organ, for clerking, . .
For his own pay as Sub-
Lieut, from 21st June
17S1, to 1st April 1783,
106 days, at 12s G 66 5
â– 76 17 6
1
.",
(_)
2543 12
6
£24 19
9
u
7
6
6
3
2543 12 6 101 17
James :\lartin, Esq. Dr. To George Ashman. Esq. late Lieuien-
ant.
Received by order of said Ashman,
from George Enslow, at sundry
times, 47 15 5
Balance due to James Martin. ..... 41 11 3
6 8
Contra Cr.
Bv balance of the foregoing accoun',
£2536 2 6 Cont Men. equal tc . . . 38 7 5
Balance aforesaid in specie 50 19 3
89 6 8
Examined and settled,
JOHN NICHOLSON.
Comptroller GeneraTs Office, >
January 3d. 1786. )
James Martin. Esq. Dr.
By balance of the foregoing account . £41 11 3
Balance due by James Martin 47 15 5
89 6 8
BEDFORD COUNTY. 35
Contra Cr.
To David Rittenhout-e, Esci. Treasiirei'.
Received on an order of Council, Jan.
7th, 17S6 39 6 8
To Funded Debt.
Received a certificate, No. 9662, for
and No. 10.192, for
£11 12
38 7
7
5
50
89 6 S
Examined and Settle,!.
JOHN NICHOLSON.
Comptroller-General's Office,)
Decemb. 25th, 1786. )"
(36)
STATE OF Till- ACCOUNTS
Jeiitenant and Sub-Lieutenants
Yonis: couisrTY.
1777-1783.
(37)
(38)
STA.TE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF RICHARD M'CALISTER.
ESQ. LATE LIEUTENANT OF YORK COUNTY. FROM
THE TIME OF HIS APPOINTMENT. MARCH, 1777. TO
MARCH. 1780.
Richard M'Calister. esq. late Lieutenant, Pr. To Sundries.
David Rittenhcuse. esq. treasurer.
Received of him for raising the mili-
tia, June 14. 1777 £1000
Do. per T. Matlack. esq. August 1.
(lo 3000
Hans Morrison, esq. late sub lieutenant.
Received of him on account. August
G. 1777 252 15
Do do. March 26. 1778. 1502
Do do. July 30, do. 76 12 6
Do'. do Dec. 11, do. 300 (»
Do per capt. Stockley. July 12. do. 337 10
Do. per do. June 19. do. 225
Do per capt. Campbell. July 17. d^ 22u
Do' Jan. 4. 1779. 30O
Do. May IS. 17S0, 317 11 •'-
Robert Stevenson, e?q. late sub lieutenant.
Received of him on account, March
20, 1778 11^^ 2 ';
Do April 20, 1778. 281 o
Do J'lne 30, do. 750 o o
Do' Dec. 24. do. 750
Do March 3. 1779. 515 10
Do pev \Villiani Scott, esq. pay mas-
ter, Feb. IS, 177S 18^-.' J
Do. do. June 5. do. 112..
Do. do. Feb. 20. 1779. 3io
John Hay. e?q. late sub lieutenant.
Rfcpiveil of him on account. March
-0 177R 18'-^ ^* ^'
Do ' "do. April 24. do. 412 10
Do. do. Feb. 9. 1779. 637 10
4000
5536 8 9
6441 15 (»
Carried over 2925 £13978
(39)
4a ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Richard M'Calister, esq. Dr. to sundries.
Brought over £2925 £13978
Do. per Wm. Scott, esq. pav master.
July 3. 1778, "
Do. Aug. 20, do.
Do. do. Sept. 26, do.
Do. do. Feb. 7, do.
Do. do. Oct. 6, 1779,
862
10
412
10
33 r
10
2125
165
7
6827 17
James M'Candless. esq. late sub lieutent.
Received of him on account, June 31,
1778 278 14 6
Do. Feb. 9, 1779 85 2 6
363 17
John Carson. e.^q. sub lieutenant.
Received of him on account, August
6, 1777, 252 15
Do. do. March 26, 1778. 726 1 3
Do. do. Sept. 26, do. 559 10
Do. do. Feb. 20, 1779, 370
1908 6 3
John Travis, esq. sub lieutenant.
Received of him on account, Feb. 9. 1779 150 17 6
Militia Fines.
Received of Col. Joseph Jefferies,
fines collected from the 5th battal-
ion. Mar. 6. 1778 747 12 6
Do. of do. do. 20. do. 117 10 n
Received of the 8th battalion, March
20, 1778, 396
Dj. of do. March 26. 1778. 2065 5 6
Received of col. Joseph Jeffries, of
the 5th battalion, March 28. 1778, 250
Do. do. April 10, do 984 10
Received of the 8th battalion, April
15, 1778 33 10
Do. do. April 18, 1778, 199 n
Do. do. do. 20, do. 125 ('
Do. do. May 21, do. 125
Do. do. do. 23, do. 89
Do. do. do. 25, do. 7 10 o
Do. do. do. 27, do. 1211
Do. do. .June 17. do. 167 7 6
Do. of the 8th battalion, do. 20. do. 475
do. do. 26, do. 281
do. Aug. 21, do. 349
do. Oct. 13, do. 159 10 7
do. do. 14. do. 326 5
Received of Jo.--eph Jefferies. colonel of
5th battalion, Oct. 16, 1778 615 5
£8724 6 1 £23229 1 6
YORK COUNTY. 41
Richa/d M'Calister. esq. Dr. to sundries.
Brought over £8724 C 1 £23229 1 6
Received of colonel William Rankin
In cash and oertiticaies, Jan. 4, 1779, 100
Receive:! of col. Joseph Jefferies, 5th
battalion, do. 255 15
do. do. G5 G
of the 8th battalion, do. 26 5
of col. Jefferies, of 5th bat-
talion, Feb. 27, 1779 121 10
of John Hay, esq. do 113 10
of col. Joseph Jefferies, 5th
battalion, do. 201 15
of Henry Slagle, esq. mus-
ter fines of his battalion
Oct. 18, 1779 332 12
of Andrew Smith in part
of his muster fines, Nov.
4, 1779 9 15
of col. Henry Slagle, in
pait of the fines of his
battalion, Dec. 21, do. 378
of Benj. Peden, esq. in part
of do. Rofs's battalion,
Jan. 27, 1780 94 G 6
of Pete.- Wolf, in part of
do. tor 5th battalion.
Mar. 9, do 293 9 9
of capt. John Myer of do.
for said battalion, April
22. do 160 17 6
of .Andrew Thompson, esq.
ill part of the muster
fines, Hun:ington town-
ship, col. Thompson's
tattaUon. Apr. 27, do. 660
of Peter Wolf, esq. in part
cf do. for 5th battalion
do. 28, do 437 12
of John Chamberlain, esq.
do. do. of col. Thompson's
bnt:alion; do 475 10
of Peter Wolf, esq. in part
ol the muster fines of
Paradise township, Oct.
17, do 216 5
of col. Henry Slagle, the
remainder of the muster
tines of his battalion.
.Mav 30, 17S1 802
13468 9 10
Balance dii>' by the s:ate, equal to £163 6 2 specie 1633 2 i'
£38330 13 4
Note. Col M'CalisiPi- repi'esents. that he cannot furnish the
persons names by whom the above fines were incurred and paid.
42 ACCOUNTS OP' LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries, Dr. to Richard M'Calister. esq. late Lieutenant of
York Countj-.
David Rittenhouse. esq. treasurer,
Paid him including an order of his
upon me for 4000 1. paid to Wm.
Scott, paymaster. March 21, 1778. .. £9082 11 3
Do. do. 9, 1779, 1186 2 6
10268 13 9
Hans Morrison, esq. late sub lieutenant.
Paid him on account of substitutes. Aug. 4. 1777, 252 15
John Carson, esq. late sub lieutenant,
Paid him on account of substitutes, do. 252 15
James M'Candless. esq. late sub lieutenan*^,
Paid him on account of substitutes, do. 281 5
Robert Stevenson, esq. late sub lieutenant.
Paid him on account. Aug. 4. 177?, .. ^^81 5
Do. do 15
296 5
Lieut. Archibald Campbell, of 6th regt.
Paid him for the recruiting service,
March 5
1778. .
225
225
225
225
225
Do. do.
Do. do.
Do. do.
Do. do.
April 5.
do. 22.
May 21.
June 19.
1778.
do.
do.
do.
Timothy Matlack. esq. secretary of ccuncll.
Capt. Nehcmiah Stokely. of 8th regt.
Paid him for the recruiting service
April 24. 1778 225
Do. ?'ay 27. do. 225
Do. per Hans Morrison. June 2o. do. 225
Do. do. Julv 12. do. 337 10
Capt. Joshua Williams, 4:h regt.
Paid him for the recruiting service
April 24. 1778 225
Do. June IT. 177S. 225
1125
Paid him a part of monies received
in bills of the state of New York,
March 22, 1778 106 6 3
Lieut. Samuel Gray. 4th regt.
Paid him for the recruiting service,
April 24, 1778 225
Do. May 27. do. 225
450
1012 10
45(1
Carried, £14495 10
YORK COUNTY. 43
Sundries, Dr. to Richard M'Caliste ', esq.
Brought over £14495 10
Lieut. James M'Culloch of 5th Pennsylvania regt.
Paid him for the recruiting service.
1U50 17 6
Mav 4 1778 . . .
255
225
Do.
June 17,
177S,
Do.
July 15,
do.
225
Do.
Oct. 27,
do.
26:^ 7
G
Do.
Dec. 2,
do.
112 10
(j
225
. 225
225
225
225
225
225
19
10
Lieut. Thomas Campbell, of 4th regt
Paid him for the recruiting service.
May 21, 1778
Do. June 2G, 1778.
Do. per H. Morrison, July IS, do
Lieut. James Millegan, of 7th regiment
Paid him for the recruiting service,
Sep:. 9, 1778
Do. Oct. 3, 1778,
Do. do. 21, do.
Do. do.
Do. Dec. S, do.
William Scott, esq. pay master.
Paid him for paying tlie militia.
April 5, 1778 2427 11
Do. in full of an order for 300U 1. May
8, do 572 S
Do. in part of an order for 4000 1. of
Mav 21, Sept. 5, do 1600
Do. do. Feb. 11. 1779, 3122 3
Do. per R. Stevenson, in part of an
order for 4000 1. Feb. IS, 1778, 1875
Do. per John Hay, do. do. 7, do. 2125
Do. per R. Stevenson, June 5, do. 1125
Do. per do. Feb. 20, 1779, 375
Do. per John Hay. July 3, 1778, 8C2 10
Do. per do. Aug. 2X do. Ali
Do. per do. Sept. 26. do. 337 10
Do. per do. Oct. 6, 1779. 165
John Hay, e.;q. l:i;e a sub lieutenant.
Paid him, said tC' be a balance of his
account as sub lieuier.ant. Feb. 21,
1779, 151 12 (I
Paid him as county treasu 'ei-, being
fines received. Oct. 17. 1780 216 5 (t
Do. a? do. a-j. June 1, 17S1. 8l)J u u
.0
.0
7
919 10
15000
1169 17 6
£;3;ni) 15 u
44 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundi-ies, Dr. to Richard M'Calisier, esq.
Brought over £33310 15
Michael Hahn. eM\. late county treasurer.
Paid him in the called in emissions. April o, 177!K 325 17 6
John Travis, esq. late sub lieutenant,
Paid him on account, July 2tl. 1779 43 2 6
United Stales.
Paid
Nicholas Vanhorne for hauling bag-
gage to camp, August 2i). 1777, .... 23 10
Jacob F'eiser, for do. Oct. IS, do 27 12 (i
Christian Lawman, captain of York
guards, the pav of his company,
Dec. 18, 1777 478 17 6
Henrv Devalt for warning the militia
to march. Feb. 5. 1778, 2
Simon Clear, for do. do. 2
Adam Forney, for do. March 19, do... 10
Do. for riding express for the board
of war, do 3
Lieut. Mullen for warning the militia
to march, March 29, 1778, 3
Lieut. Sturgeon for do. April 3, do 10
Capt. Foreman for do. do. 10
Capt. Jenewine for do. do. 4. do. 3
Henry Devalt for do. do 100
Capt. Nich. Uelwix, for do. do. 24, do. 7 10
George Stouffer for team hire, haul-
ing baggage. May 24, 1778, 89
Simon Vandosdale for do. do. 29, do 102 15
Peter Diwee for do. ,Iune 2G. do. 49
Joseph Deban for do. do. 61 10
Frederick Heiner for warning the mi-
litia to march. August 20, do. 3
Thomas Wilson foi- the hire of his
waggon hauling baggage. Oct. 3, do. 135
Nicholas Gelwix for warning the mi-
litia to march, Oct. 23, 1778, 3 10
Paid two expresses, Dec. 12, do. 12 o
John Morrison for boarding and
nursing a sick soldier. Jan. 12. 1779, 34 il
Christian Kimnurly for warning the
militia to march, Jan. 12, 1779 1 u
Capt. Nicholas Gelwix, for do. Feb.
11, 1779 1
Peter Roach, for do. Nov. 2. 1779 2 17 fi
Jacob Slagle for team hire in public
service, Jan. 5, 1780 47 5
1095 17 6
Carried over £34775 12
YI1KK COUNTY. 45
Sundries. Dr. to Richard M'Calister. esq.
Brought over £o477ri 11' C
.Military Stores.
Paid sundry persons for 29 muskets, one rifle. 7
bayonets. .". belts. 14 curtouch boxes, and for
stocking and repaii'ing arms £379 15 (•
Militia E.\pences.
Paid for substitutes hired to serve in
the militia, ofllcers for servi?es in
their districts, expences of appeals,
stationary, expresses, clerking, and
other contingent charges 2(»9o 10
For his pay as lieutenant from
March 1777. to March 17SU. em-
ploved C33 davs lOSS 5
317S 5 10
£38330 13 4
The Accounts of John Carson. .lohn Travis, and James M'-
Candless. all late sub lieutenants, are not yet settled, nor
have they been rendered. The accounts of John Hay, esq. are
printed in a separate pamphlet.
46 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF ROBERT STEVENSON, ESQ.
LATE SUB-LIEUTENANT OF YORK COUNTY. DECEASED,
FROM THE TIME OF HIS APPOINTMENT. APRIL, 1777,
TO THE TIME OF HIS DECEASE, MAY 1779.
Estate of Robert Stevenson, esq. Dr. To Sundries.
Richard M'Calister. esq. lieu;enant.
Received of him on account. Dec. 1777 £296 5
Militia Fines.
Received of sundry persons of col. Rankin's tat-
talion of militia, their fines for non-attendi ce
of exercise, and non-performance of militia du-
ty from March 1777. to per list,
amounting to 10348 ^ 9 6
Balance equal to £7 11 9 specie 129 10 6
10774 15
Sundries, Dr. to the Estate of Robert Stevenson, esq. Deceased.
Richard M'Callister. esq. late lieutenant.
Paid William Scott, esq. paymaster
of the militia on his account, Feb.
18. 1778 187.5
Paid him per the hands of Williaai
Scott, esq. March 20. 1778 7.50
Do. himself on account, April 24, do. 2S1 5
Do. William Scott, for the use of pay-
ing the militia, June 5. 1778 1125
Do. himself on account. July 31. do. 750
Do. Dec. 24, do. 750
Do. do. March 3, 1779, 535
Do. William Scott, esq. for pay of
the militia, Feb. 20, do 375
G441 15
Lieut. Archibald Campbell, Hh regiment.
Paid him for the recruiting service, July 19. 1778, 225
Capt. Joshua Williams, of 4th regiment.
Paid him for the recrui;ing service, July 19. 177S, 225
Carried over £6891 15
Y()KK COUNTY. 47
Sundrie.^, I»r. to the Estate of Robert Stevenson, esq. deceased.
Brotight over £6891 15
Lieut. Stephen Stevenson, cf 9th regiment,
Paid him for the recruiting service, July 25, 1778. 477
Major Francis Nichols,
Paid him on account, for paying subsistance for
soldiers, July 23, do 37
Lieut. Samuel Gray.
Paid him foi' the recruiting sprvice. May, 23. do.
75 (I 0. and July 27, do. 150 225
James Thomson, esq.
Paid him for to hire substitutes. Aug. 12. 1777, . . 74 5 U
I'nited States.
Paid Abraham Williams for hauling
baggage. Oct. 19, 1778 21
James Nailer, for do. Sept. 15,
do 21
Daniel William for do. do. 18,
do 21
Andrt \v Wilson for do. Apr. 27,
do 69 10
James Gray for do. May 22, 29,
and August 5, do 102 15
Capt. Parkinson for apprehend-
ing a deserter, S.-^pt. 21, do. 6
Cap!. Manspoker for warning
classes, Aug. 17. do 4 10
Capt. Rankin for do. do. 2 10
Capt. Dodds, for do. Mar. 20. do. 5 10
Capt. Monspoke:- for do. Feb. 2.
1779 2 10
Cap.. Rankin for do. do. 20.
do 3 10
Capt. Bonner, for do. Jan. 9, do. 1 10
Capt. Dodds. for do. do. 3
Capt. Joshua Williams for ap-
prehending 3 deserters. No.
6, 1778 18 C
Paid James Elliot and others,
a detachment, their pay and
expences, disarming tories.
Sept. 15, 1778 18
Capt. Parkinson for warning
classes to march to camp,
August 15, 1778 9
309 5
Militia Expences.
Paid sixty six substitutes hired to
serve in the militia. 1777 2263 10
Paid clerks wages, stationary, expen-
ces of taking returns, drummers
and fifers. expences of appeals, and
other contingent charges 189 10 9
Carried £2453 £8014 5
A.
48
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries, Dr. to the Estate of Robert Stevenson, esq. deceased.
Brought over, £2453 £8014
For his own services as sub lieuten-
ant from Sept. 1777. to May 20,
1779, 280 days employed, 307 10
2760 10
£10774 15
LIST OF FINES RECEIVED BY ROBERT STEVENSON ESQ.
Col. RANKIN'S Battalion.
Capt. DODD'S Company.
John Bower 37
John MantofC 18
Jacob May 11
John iWesler 30
H<'niy Wesler, sen 30
Henry Wesler, 30
John Albert 11
Henry Troup 6
(ieorpre Asper 1'^
John Donne'.y 20
Frederick Herman 11
John Myers 11
Andrew Albert 20
Christian Haaterer, .... — 8
Peter Hicks 20
Simon Bales Ij
John Liprhty 35
Matth. Tashenburgh 11
John Chronister 2.'
Henry Auker 11
Isaac Asper 11
Isaac Hess 20
AVilliam Butt 2S
Jacob Keensor 25
Henry EUlcar 3'.
Michael Pesserman 20
Hen. Wireman, jun 20
Isaac Ficks 18
Peter Minehart 2.'
William Learner nO
Elisha Bales 22
Peter Bower r.T
f fifV.
10
15
5
5
u
5
5
•
5
5
5
(1
5
I'l
in
Brought o\er £6G5 ."
Samuel Hunt 22 10
Roger Hunt -'n i"i
Daniel Leese, 80
Michael K'm'.ile, 3 5
Andrew Bower 3"
Joseph Wes'.e 11 5
Henry Mull 4 10
Capt. WILLIAM'S Company.
.-\ndrew Wilson, jun 11 5
William Wh t â– 11 5
William M'Gee Sir. c
Michael Wilhe'.ni 3 15
Robert Cunninsham, 5
Bryan McPermond 7 10
Christian Swltzer G
Lazarus Neil.=on 25
Robert Elliot.' 3 d
Daniel Wilson ' 5 n
Matthew Young 3 15
Wm. M'G'aug'alane 18 15
Alexander Hanna 3
John Wilson 18 C
Christopher King 20
rjeorge Philips 15 i'
JoFhua Frazer, 11 5
James Logan 22 10
Jrnathan Willams 12 70
Thomas White ^' o
lacob Smith 15 I.
Jo\n Williams 15
William Parks 20 h
PatricU Shannon 11 6
Carritd £110-1
YORK COUNTY
49
Brought over £1104 ()
Abraham Cox 'M
Abraham Leese 30
Nicholas Wireman So
(Edward Hutt 30 o
Hazael Walker 30
John Wireman 3i
John Grist So
Frederick Asper 24
Peter Trouji 21 o o
John Garrison 24
I'h. lip Honey man 24
Jacoii Bales, jun 30
Martin Binder 40
Richard Blatchford l.">
Joseph Cook IS 15
David Torbet i5
Captain SHAFFER'
Conrad Llnbaugh
Jacob Studimei-
Adam Flssel
Jacob Mursh
Simon Myer,
Valentine I'opp ,
Jonathan Pisel
John Davis
Adam Deal
George Spar
Joseph Morris
Philip Jacob, sen
Adam Michal
Charles Huffman,
Frederick Myers
Stephen Strlley
John Flsel
George Cronebaugh, .
Adam Spar
Stephen Pettit
John Shedron
Frederick Leather, ..
Jacob Leather
iJavid Marley
Jacnii julious
Tobias Frj-
George Gouff
Michal Spar
William Harbot
Conrad Wolf
John Cross
Carried £2n=;2
4-7-3d Ser.
Compani
18
15
in
n
n
18
15
10
15
10
n
IS
IS
u
oo
10
r
,1
20
II
20
11
f;
n
3o
11
r;
30
n
n
20
15
n
11
11
V,
ir.
20
2 J
y
jO
1"
10
n
i:,
f
2'i
n
20
11
i:.
u
15
10
10
15
u
10
11
u
10
10
15
10
Brought over £20S;2
Henr.\- Huffman 25
i'hiliii Youlious 18
Conrad Reisinger, 15
l^enhart Flower 11
Jacob Shetroun 3T
Casper Spar 37
John Hess 7
George Shaffer 7
Peter Young, 20
Jonalliun Evans IS
Samuel Worldy 3U
Jacol) Lambert, 30
Frederick Lenhart 30
Anthony Kemble 3u
John Wallak 30
I'aul Rider 3"
Henry Hiner 30
Daniel Regan 37
Joseph Elicar 37
Conrad Hour 18
John Hynor 37
Cai't. MAY'S Company.
lleorge (iyer 3',i n
George Eliferts, 87 10
Henry Rudy 18 15
Andrew Slough 20
Frederick Myer 11 5
Jacob Lower 4 11
Christian Coiner, 6 u
Jacob Smith 30 u
Henry Duntore 5 n
George MUhorne B i>
Tobias Sipe 15
John Radroff 15 " "
Philiii Quigley 6
Felix Llnbaugh 6 ii
Henry Gardner 20 ii 'i
Anthony Pevinhafer 20 n
Samuel Farra 30
Adam Huff 6 n
Philip Huffman 18 15
Jarob Rowler 3
Jacob Rawhouser 20
Charles Brim 6 "
George Nilbaker 18 o
Matthias Tholtz 11 5
udwi k liysinger, 3 n
Il-nry Pentzel 20
Carried £3010 16
50
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Brought over.
£3010 16
Philip Miller 7 10
Philip Pince 7 10
Henry "West 27 10
Abraham Neave 3 U
Joseph Pugh 20 u
Jacob Wagle £0
Capt. PARKINSON'S Company.
John Primage 12
Samuel M'MuUan 24
Matthew M'Mullan, 4 10
Christopher Stickle 4 10
William Morrison 24
Joseph Pence 15
George Harman 15
Nicholas Sheerer 20
Philip Ponmeuser, 15
Adam Smith 3
Benjamin Thomas 11 5
German Jurden 15
Michael Auker 7 10
Jacob Slikle 20
Nicholas Kimble 18 15
George Myers 2
John Nizley 20
Daniel Glass 11 5
Thomas M'Mullan 18 15
Alexander Ross 15
Abraham Miller 27 10
Andrew Haalet 3
William Kelly 3
James M'Clure 11 5
John Philips 13 17 6
Henry Cremer 25
William Conway 20
Peter Garlour, 30
David Ayers 11 5
Matthiis Hollopeter 33
Jacob Thornburgh 3
David Pugh 7 10
Henry Beam 6
Martin Claudy 9
John Croiiior, 2o
Pet-=r Stikl- 20 C
Frederick Roose 20
Andrew Rocse 15
Richard Wherton 18 7 C
John Brunton 11 ''
Carried £374111
Brought over £374111
Henry Atherlon 3
John Cough 20 C
(George Cough 20
Michael Oury 22 10
The. Thnrnborough 15
Samuel Mortland 40
Joseph Goun, 37 10
Henrj- ^\'eaver 20
Peter Henry 11 5
Christoph. Foglesgong 6
Nathaniel Philips 11 5
Samuel Cook 40
Ebenezer John 40
John Green, 11 5
John Blair 15
John Munnel 3
Christo. Newcomer 37 10
George Newcomer, 37 10
Joseph Cook 15
George Sickle 20
Thomas Neilscn 30
James Neilson 15
Thomas Shanks 15
Peter Milhouse 30
Daniel Davis 24
Benjamin Pisel 24
Jacob Hop' 24
Daniel Grouss 30
John Thompson 24
Peter Latsha t 24
Neh. I'nderwood 30
Henry Cline 24
John Garrison 30
Aaron Garrison 30
Dewalt Hess 40
Abel Walker 30
James Dennison 25
Joshua Davy 37 10
Jonathan Marsh 40
John McMuUan 37 10
Jacob Cooke 40
Joshua Dickinson 40
William M'Mullan 37 10
Samuel Hole 30
Boras Fannostock 24
Benj. Fannostock 30
Enoch Underwood 24
Isaac Morris. 24
Philip Pisel 24
YnitK COUNTY.
Brought over £6004 Ifi
James Reed 21
Joser'h Vales 37 10
William Vales 37 10
Robert Vales 37 10
John Brough 40
Jacob Brough 40
El. Underwood, Jun 37 in
El. Underwood, sen ;'.7 10
Peter Cook 37 10 fl
George M'MuIlan 37 lu
Peter Clever, jun 37 10
Jacob Underwood 37 10
Zeph. Underwood 7 lu
Record Hussey 37 10
Capt. CABLE'S Company.
Andrew Comfort. ...
Thomas Crouthcrs, .
William Potter
Jacob Learner
Godfrey Steel
Matthew Cooper
George Miller
Joseph Bash
Abram Lisbaugh
Andrew Lisbaugh. ..
John Oldshoe
George Hicu.«
John Nizley
Jacob Ipe
Jacob Waggoner
Daniel Lisbaugh ,
Conrad Weaver
Michael Mumper
Daniel Grist
William Colston
Peter Kiser
F'rancis Trimble
Joseph Philips
Daniel M'Curdy
Abram Stover
Jacob Deardorff
"^Villiam Godfrey
Isaac Deardorff
William Grist
Casper Crubb
Peter Fister
35
7 10
11 r,
7 10
7 10
3
11 5
7 10
11 i
1:,
15
3
6
7 10
11 5
11 5
20
18 15
25
15
11 5
7 10
37 10
7 10
30
30
30
(1
30
30
24
24
Brought over £C002 11
Capt. BONNER'S Company.
Richard Brandon 30
Thoma? Bonner n
Robert Wisely n
John Pope, Jun f
George Stiveson 4
Henry Wolf 3
William Stuart 11
Arthur Orr 5
Ben.1amin Wlreman 20
George Sigler 15
Ludwick RosimlUer 30
Philip Croupe 15
Peter Taylor ;;
John Ro^s, jun 7
John Flcus, jun 20
Jacob Flcus 20
Robert M'MuIlan 11
Hugh Smith u
Robert Bonner 15
James Campbell 15
John Howe 7
Nicholas Weaver 2)
John Kennedy r,
Thomas Black 11
Adam Simors ;o
John Bales, jun .. 22
William Smith 20
James Hutton, 11
Alexander Sand- rson 20
James Gardner 15
Joseph Dickson l.j
Gabriel Fickle 3
Mkhal Minks 20
Peter Minks 20
David Robertson 20
Leonard Hutton 37
John M'Grew 37
James M'Glaughlane 30
Peter Fleek. 15
Arthur Nicol 22
James Lightner 7
Jesse Bales 15
William Howe 7
Moses Bales 40
Stephen Folk 40
Stephen Folk, jun 22
Moses Folk 40
Peter Croop 22
Carried £68t.".
5
5
•
13
li
u
5
5
10
5
10
5
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
52 ACCOUNTS OP LIEUTENANTS.
Brouglit over £6S45 9 6 Brought over £783l3 » 6
John Wisely
Ebenezer Spikeman,
David Bales
Jacob Jones
John Collins,
Daniel Randies
Daniel Funk
Isaac Sadler
James Roberts,
411
4
40
40
40
40
40
30
20
Capt. OBLANISES'S Company.
Francis Lerue
William Weakly, .,
David Sarbrough, .,
George Keensor, —
Nicholas Myers
Thomas M'Farland,
Nicholas Vance, ..
Laurence Springer,
Philip Earhart, ...
Manus Brough, ....
John Overholser. .
Peter Bessor
Nicholas Myers, ...
Christy Myers
Christian Bushee, .
Peter Shoup
Philip Shrlper
Henry Nell
Michael Cole
Michael Snider, ...
Thomas Boyd
John Auphenbaugh,
Peter Paup
Eli King
James Morrison. ...
Henry Gross
Oliver Elliot
Jacob Miley
Anthony Deardorff,
Peter Treamer,
Valentine Ficus, ..
James White
John Melaun
Charles Conway. ..
James Pollock
Henry Chronlster,
Nicholas King
Jolui Bouser
7 10
22 10
20
i:;
2.'i
IS
20
15
11 5
22 10
2i; 10
15
2.1
22 10
IS
r.
11 5
IS
C
ir.
20
22 10
20
15 17
6
3
X)
7 10
18 15
3 17
6
37 10
20
37 10
30
37 10
IS
20
13 15
11 5
15
Valentine Knop
John Asper
Michael Bower
James M'Farland. .
Thomas Niley
Samuel Kiljiatrick,
.Ii.hn <"( inner
.liihn Busher
Tetter Webster
James M'Corkle, ...
Ant. Aughenburgh,
Thomas King
Yost Hlner
Casper Coxson
Isaac Latsha
Jojin Myers,
Christian Close
Stephen Leese,
Peter White
Christian Close, sen.
Samuel Leese,
15 12
37 10
37 10
11 5
22 10
3
9
15
21 10
22 10
20
15
15
7 10
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
Capt. RANKIN'S Company.
James Irwin,
Isaiah M'Nice
Thomas Brunton. ..
Hugh Laird
Peter Myers
Nathan Thomas. ...
James Harris
James Sharp
Peter Huff
Christian Snulah, ..
David Mat]Bby
Derrick Updegraff,
Jacob Kirk
John Elliot
Jacob Rive, jun., ..
Patrick M'Mullan, .
William Todd
John Starr
David Jenkins
William Hunter, ...
John Freeman
Nathaniel Freeman.
James Todd
Daniel Huff
Herman tTpdegrove,
Absalom Wall
Carried £7836 9 6
Carried £8675 11 •
YORK COUNTY.
Brought over £8675 11 6
Eleazer Rigg 6
John Rogers 15
Kneas Rogers 3
George Robinson 4 10
Benjamin House 7 10
John Attick 20
John Driver 3
Andrew Martin 20
Thomas Morgan 7 10
Robert Hammersly 37 10
Abraham Griffith 7 10
William Garrison 7 10
Captain ASTON'S Company.
Charles Barnet 6
John Showman 37 10
Andrew Klttyman 15
Thomas Copeland 11 5
Robert Miller 20
John Paughner 11 5
William Willis 37 10
David Warren 6
James Sulgrave 3
Israel Grubb 5
John Richmond 15
William Davis 13 2 6
Edward Jones H 5
John Mills 11 5
Joseph Golancy 20
Nathaniel M'Gulre 6
James Baxter 10
John Baxter 15
Nicholas Hess 37 10
Andrew Welch 20
Chrisly Shank 7 10
Abram Thawley 18 15
John Plough 15
Jacob Panner 15
John Panner H 5
Samuel Lewis 7 10
James Welch 20
George Harris, sen 11 5
James Solon "00
George Kelsler 37 10
William Hunter 35
Capt. MANSPOKER'S Company.
Frederick HlfT'ier 11 5
Carried £9319 4
Brought over 9319 4
George Manspoker 7i0
Jacob Bare 11 •'â–
Michael BuUinger 3
Nicholas Huffman 11 5 Ci
Henry Wllklmode 6
Charles Balmore 3
FredtTick Humble 11 5 »
Felly Shultz 20
John Huffman 11 5
George Bower 18 15
Stophel Bower 18 15
Bost Wild 11 5
Frederick Stone 18 15
Henry Ayers 3
Alexander Elliot 11 5
Jacob Norberry H B
Thomas Bonln 5
George Myers 7 10
Philip Fedrow 11 5
Jacob Heidelberg 15 •
Ceorge Brewer 15 •
<;onrad Shaffer 7 10
Conrad Cllne 7 10
John UpdegrofC 7 10 8
William Updegroff 6
Capt. PARKINSON'S Company.
John Edmundson 37 10
John Marsh 37 10 •
.i..na. Marsh. Jun 37 10
Thomas Penrose 37 10
Thomas Edmundson 37 10 o
Thomas Leetch 11 5
James Boyd 37 10
Ezeklel Frazer 37 1h
Jehu Thomas 37 10 o
William Morthland 40
George Smith 40
Samuel Smith 40 n n
Thomas Kirk 7 10 n
William Nellson 1' "
Samu-l Nellson 1' o
Michael Fulwlller 40 n
John Craft ]'â–
John Carothers 27 o
Median Garwood 1'
Andrew White 37 10
John Lease 37 10
Carried n02in 14
54
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Brought over, £10219 14
Matthias M'Clean 37 10
James Beans 15
John Kennedy jun 7
Carried £10279 4
Brought over £10279 4
Jacob Lewis, 7 10
Vincent Parsons 24 15
Nathan Chanly 37 10
Amount £10348 19 6
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF HANS MORRISON, ESQ.
LATE A SUB-LIEUTENANT OF YORK COUNTY, FROM
THE TIME OF HIS APPOINTMENT, APRIL. 1777, TO
MARCH, 1780.
Hans Morrison, esq. late Sub Lieutenant, Dr. To Sundries.
State Mo. Cent. Mo.
Richard M'Calister, esq. lieutenant,
Received of him to hire substitutes,
August 4. 1777 £252 15
Militia Fines.
Received of sundry persons of the 4th
battalion of militia, their substi-
tute fines, amounting to £4233
Received foi' exercise fines
from sundry persons of
said battalion, said to
have been collected by
Samuel Erwin '. 317 11 3
4550 11 3
David Rittenhouse, esq. treasurer,
Paid him by order of the auditors
of accounts, said to be the balance
of his account, June 22, 1781
Balance equal to £10 12 6 specie, . .
340 11
340 11
340 11
5143 17 3
YORK COUNTY. 55
Sundries Dr. Hans Morrison, esq. Sub-Lieutenant,
State mo. Cent. mo.
Richard M'Callister, esq. late lieutenant,
Paid him on account, 674
dollars 252 15
Do. do. March 26, 1778, 1502
Do. per N. Stockley, capt.
July 12, do 337 10
Do. do. June 19, do. 225
Do. paid himself, July 30,
do 76 12 G
Do. per capt. Thomas
Campbell, do 225
Do. paid himself, Dec.
12 do 300
Do ' do. Feb. 4, 1779. 300
Do. do. May 17, 1780, 317 11 3
United States.
Paid for a blanket fur-
nished a continental
soldier. Oct. 31, 1777,.. 1 15
Abraham Banty for haul-
ing baggage, Aug. 10,
1778 105 2 6
Paid an express with
orders for a guard to es-
cort prisoners, Dec. 12,
do 3 10
John Groan for the ap-
praisement of a gun
lost, Jan. 21, 1779, .... 3
Military Stores.
3530 8
113
Paid sundry persons for a gun, car-
riage of arms, and repairs, 32 7
Militia Expences.
Paid for substitutes hired to serve in
the militia, judges of appeals, cap-
tains for services in their compa-
nies, stationary, clerk wages, and
other expences 1232 14 '0
For his pav as sub lieute-
nant, 129 days, at 2u s, 129
Balance due to the state, 340 11
1461 14
£340 11 £5143 17
56
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
LIST of FINES received by Hans Morrison, esq.
FOURTH BATTALION.
William Spencer 13 2 6'
AVilliam Coghraii 13 2 6 !
Joseph Laurence 13 2 6 i
William M'yuown 13 2 6
Frederick Standover 13 2 6 !
George Mouse 13 2 5
Jacob Stop 13 2 6 1
Michael Wilrich 13 2 6 j
Adam Fowler 13 2 6
Joseph John 13 2 6
Michael Bower 13 2 6
William Dlxson 13 2 6
John HuUon 13 2 6 i
Abraham Snider 13 2 6|
Thoma.s M'Quown 5
Patrick Grier, 15 i
Joseph Teter 15
Na li M'Dowel 14
Samuel Neil 2 10
Kohert Ray 15 :
James Red 20 i
John Reid 10
,)cihn Morningion 10 |
William Torrence 25 o
Isaac Ewe in 20 i
John Ccrd 3 Oi
Samuel GiUlland 22 10 Oi
Alex. Leckey 10 :
Jiime.s Chambers 30 j
Gilbert Moor 3 !
John Houts (return(d) .... 30 :
John Herman 3 oj
James Weir 3 o Oi
John M'Quown 11 .'> Or
Matthew Murdough 20 i
John Mickle 30
William Rusk 30
James Dtxon 11 5
James M'Cosh l.'i
Anthony Switzer â– â– 20
John Sharp 1-^
William Kilmery 20
George Gilbert 30
Adam Cline 29
Brought over £67*1
John Dodds
Robtrt M'Greu
John Otter.
Joseph Stewart
Michael Harbolt
John Briars
William Kelsey
Casper Fink
Andrew Newel
(ieorge Shakely
William Degraff
John Johnston
James Hamilton,
John Griffith
Isaac Derborah
Patrick Watson
William Anderson, ..
David Demaree
Robert Delap
Robert FuUerton
Joseph Stockton
Frederick Rlppendon.
James Lindsay
Robert Hempton
Joseijh Lachaw
David M'Quown
Samuel Brean
Henry Brean
Conrad Bender
William Me1ls
George Meils
Samuel Meils
Nathan M'Grew
Hugh Adams
Joseph Davis
Andrew M'Ferrin
Aaron Watson
Jacob Gilbert
Joseph Leany â–
Samuel Wright
William AVright
John Wright
William Car«on
Wil lam Hutton
29
33 15
7 2
6
7 10
30
11 5
12
6
6
10
11 5
20
6
20
9
11 :.
15
20
9
7 10
15
6
12 1.-.
6 1)
30
fl
G
1.".
15
30
30
30
15
15 n
4 n
6
IS 15
10
10
7 1"
30
30
30
30
30
YORK COUNTY. 57
Brought over £13S4 17 6; Brought over £2708 10
Levi Hutton
William M'Real
Benj. Wright
Jacob Light
William Bolden
William Smith
Andrew Logan
William M'Bride
John M'clean
Roljert Elliot
George Heagy
Michael Joe
Peter Darr
John Snider
William Porter
Samuel Porter
Alex. M'Grew
Robert Cooper
Thomas Cook
John Youger
James M'Real
John Keagy
William Griffith
John Wright
Abel John
James M'Grew
James Braken
David Potts
Thomas Reid
James Maxwell
John Delap
Jacob Grass
Peter M'Grew
Samuel Sturgeon
John M'Creary
David M'Creary
Christopher Freet, ...
Matthew Marsdon, ...
Amos M'Creary
Philip Stopp
Samuel Irwin
William Gettys.
William Cooper, jun.,
Matthias Spitler
Martin Myers
â– William Reynolds
Christop. Windbrener,
John Klpp
John Hover
SO
25 12 6
30 7 6
V)
30
24 17 6
15
9
11 10
â– 11 5
40
CO
20
22 10
24 10
1.^.
4U
40
:.
1.'.
20
4(1
40
2:1 5
40
â– 10
40
40
20
40
34 17 6
28
13 12 6
13 2 6
30 7 6
37 10
20
40
38 10
4"
4 10 J)
28 10
30
30 7 6
30 7 6
30 C
20
2'i
20
William Jonston
John Sen pie
Thomas Patterson. ...
John M'Knight
Jami s Cooptr,
Thomas Porter
William M'Elhenny. ..
Robert Orr
John M'.Mlister
Ruloph Brinkinhoof, ..
Peter Maxwell
William Geary
Samuel Hadden
James Kerr
Samuel Mickle
Henry Ommerman, ..
Thomas Sillix
John Reid.
' William Stewart
1 John Scott
j DavM Scott
1 Thomas Holmes
Francis Knouse
Casper Hammer
I Baltis Hammer
John Croan
1 Jacob Slench
Jonathan Bowen
1 John Duff
1 James Walker
Jiihn Galbreath
â– William Steel
James Williamson. ..
, Joseph Adams 30
Thomas M'Creary, ...
i Philip Slinch
I James Galacher
! Thomas Brankin
Thomas Neely, Jun.,
Jami s Hammond
j Nathan Hammond. ..
I John Hammer
I James Glasgo
i Robert M'Conaughy,
I Matthew Ryburn, ...
', Jacob Meils
Nathan Hendericks, .
I Thomas MTauslin, ..
! 1'1-,-ilei ick Shaver
Carried £2708 10
11 5
15 ir,
20
22 10
30
G
20
20
15
22 10
15
15
25
11 5
2:,
15
40
l.j
6
10 2
20
18
15
18 15
40
G
13 2
11
5
11 5
11
22 10
25
5
7 10
30
17 10
29 5
13 2
6
20
G
40
30
37
19
22 10
17 12
6
+1
40
15
40 n
£3703
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Brought over £3703
Arthur Chambers 18 15
John Rannels 11 5
Hugh Morrison 7 10
Nathaniel Hamilton 9
Abraham Debond 15
Alex. Macklln 20
Henry Leech 11 5
Thomas Baldwin 2."i
Peter Traspaugh fi
Will am Newland 40 o
John Uegy 2,"
Peter Wolford 30
James Allen 11 5
James Hemphill 2)
James Sterling 17
Carried £3970
Brcug:ht over £3970
Robert Ewin 11 5
Jacob Bender 25
Francis Young ll
Henry Jones 20
James Montgomery 6
John Stewart, 7 2 6
Joslah Kerr, Jun 29 12 6
Martin Shupe 20
Robert Ambrose 20
William Crowl 11 fi
Andrew M'llvaine 30
Jame.s Grlery, jun 22 10
Jeremiah Sturgeon IS
Archibald Coulter 2')
George Burnett, 11 5
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF WILLIAM SCOTT, ESQ.
LIEUTENANT OF YORK COUNTY, FROM MARCH. 1780,
TO APRIL, 1783.
William Scott, esq. Dr. to Sundries.
Cunt. mo. State mo. Spelce.
John Hay, esq. late sub lieu-
tenant,
Received of him on account
of exercise fines, March 1781.
.lului W'eems, esq. sub-lleu-
tenaut.
Received of him on account
<f lilies ciillected
Mattliew Dill. esq. sub- lieu-
tenant,
Receive.! of him on account
fines collected. May 1781, to
Nov. 1783
YORK COUNTY.
William Scott, esq. Dr. to Sundries.
Brought over,
Henry Slagle, esq. sub lieu-
tenant,
Receivefi of him on account
of fineb collected, plune 1781
t'l August 1783
Cont. mo
£17953 17 6
State mo.
li- I.-
Spelce.
741
James Dixon, esq. sub lieu-
tenant,
Received of him on account
of fines collected. July 1781,
to Jan. its:;
50
William Ross, esq. sub lieu-
tenant.
Receiveil of him on account
of fines, collected, Jan. 1782,
20 2 fi
Militia Fines,
Received of cols. Reamer,
£1717 5 0, Myser, £780 5
of capts. Comfort, £539 5.
and Ford, ts.'.e 2 G. be-
ing fines said to have been
recd. by thum, .. £3802 17 6
Do. of capt. Gee."^le-
- man. £1500, Sher-
r e t t s . £735 15
Sherrer, £500 15,
Wyley. £375, and
Col.W. Ro!;s, £78.
being received by
them, for raising 7
months men. which
was not expended, 31.19 12 6
Received from sun-
dry persons of the
1st, 3d, and oth
battalion for their
fines. Vide list 1, 456G 3 9
Do. ^o, do. No. 2.
Receivi'd from George Mil-
ler and Andrew Miller of
capt, Matthias company.
their muster fines.
each
Received from sun-
dry oersonsof the
1st 3d andsihbat-
£18
£2 16
1159S 13 9
52 15
Carried.
60 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
William Scott, esq. Dr. to Sundries.
Cont. mo. State mo. Specie.
Brought over. . £2 16 39534 11 3 220 10 1166 5 6
talions, their fines
for non perform-
ance of their tour
of duty. Fer list.
No. 3 463 11 8V2 >
Balance due by the state.
51 14 10
466 7 3':;
£09534 11 3
272 4 10
1632 12 9%
Sundries. Dr. to William Scott, esq. lieutenant.
Matthew Dill, esq. lieutenant,
Paid him on account for his
pay. &c 2518 12 6
John Hay, esq. treasurer.
Paid him on account of fines,
Nov. 1781, to March 1781, 21791 2 1 160 3 4
United States,
Paid Nich. Hentz,
for â– wood for the
militia on their
way thro' York-
town. Jan. 2i),17Sl, CO 1;
Andrew Rutter for
hauling the bag-
gage of the new
levies towards
camp do 210
Tho. Armor for do.
& c o n d u c ting
them Feb. 7, do. 260:.
Philip Stentz, for
paper for the mi-
litia guarding the
prisoners. Mar. 10. .''.7 10
Henry Walter for
repairing camp
kettles for the
guard, do 7 10
Ci<»orRe Lionberger
In part of pay for
7monthss rviceln
Carried £2950 15
YORK COUNTY
61
Sundries. Dr. to William Scott, esq. Lieutenant.
Brought ov.
£29,0 15
the continental
army, Feb. 5. .. 30
Nicholas Fry. for
do. do 18 15
Christojili. Lowman
express with or-
ders to call out a
guard for the
prisoneis, June
13, 1781
Jdst'iih Stump for
hauling medicine
and sick soldiers
of Burgoyne's
troops do. 22, do.
Henry Walter for
paper, powder, and
lead.fortheguard
aforesaid, Aug. 30,
Geo Spangler & sun-
dry other persons,
for escorting Bri-
tish prisoners, do.
Richard Jeff in pari
fiir 7 months pay
1.1 the iie.v .ev.es.
May 12
James M'Menemy,
do. do. do. ..
James Kelly. do.do.
Robert Bailey, for
rent of his shop
for the use of
the prisoners
guar.l. Aug. 30,
10
COO
5 17
2 10
Cont. mo.
2430J 14 7
State mo.
160 3 4
Specie.
7S.' 5 8
16
Patrick Sullivan for
paperdo. Jan. 4.1782 110
Valentine Krantz
for haulincr pro-
\i-i ns t'> camp.
do. 9. do 3 7 C
Adam Swoope. fur
pi.tts for do. do.
do. 14 C IT 6
Carried £1! 15
62
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries. Dr. to William Scott, esq. Lieutenant.
Brought over,
Cont. mo.
27309 4 7
Slate mo.
2i.:i 4 10
Specie.
785 5 8
William Bailey for
pottsforguarcl,do.26, 8 18
Jacob Sitler for
hauling provisions
for do. April 2. 2 5
Richard Yard In a
disabled pensioner
byorderof court,
May 6 2". 6
Ensign Jacob Bar-
nlt-, do. do. 7. . S2 10
John Brooks for
services of a
guard o\er pris-
oners. May 30, . . G 7 6
John Morris for pa-
per fortheguaids
July 5 6 6
James Silver, ex-
press, Aug. 19, . 15
Francis Jones for
hauling baggage
In part, Sept 3, IS 15
John Morris for pa-
per for the
guards do 15
Jacob Barnitz. a dis-
abled pensioner
per order, do. 17. 51 10
Do. do. Oct. 16. .. 50 5 5
Richard Vardln,
do. do. 15 11 13 71/2
Francis Jones for
hauling baggage
in part, Nov. 23.
do 5
Do. do. in full.
Feb. 10, 17.'3. ... 55 9
Richard Vardin a
disabled pensioner
perorder, Mar. 1, 4 10
James Shavir for
hauling potts and
a prindstone to
thestockade.do.7. 10
Richard Vardln. a
disable<l pension-
er, do. 29 5 1'
Carried,
£340 16 10'
27309 4
YORK COUNTY.
63
Sundries, Dr. to William Scott, esq. Liontenant.
Brought ovi r, . '
Richard Vardin a
disabled p nsion-
er. April 14, 17S3,
Patrick Sulli\an ex-
press, July 26,17S1
John Sciitt. do. do.
John Brooks, do.
do. ol, do
Wm. Ale.xander for
haulin.s; for the
guards. Nov. G.do.
David Hossack for
ferriage of a
team, do. 26, ...
Fred. Klingmanfor
hauling flour for
the guard, Dec. 22,
Win. Alexander for
a gnndsione for
grinding the tools
of thefatiguepar-
ties, at the stock-
ade. D c. 24, ...
6
Cont. rr
27300 4
State mo.
203 4 10
Specie.
William Alexander,
esq. pay master,
Paid capt. John Ehr-
man in part pay
of his company
guarding prison-
ers June 13. 1781.
Paid capt. fJeorge.
Long, do, May IJ,
31 2 C
Military Stores.
Paid sundry I ersonstorS pair
bullet moulds, 234 flints.
4 I canteens, and for repa r-
ing arms, and transporting
arms and ammunition
913 2 6
Militia Expences.
Paid captains for services in
their companies, adjutants
for do. in battalion, drum-
mers and flfers for drums
and fifes, expresses, stati-
Carried,
£28222 7 I
1233 14 yu,
Gl
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries, .Dr. to William Scott, esq. Lieutenant.
Broutht over
onary, judges of appeals,
anl clerk hire
For his own Bervloes as lieu-
tenant, from March 17S0,
to June 21, 1781, employ-
ed 25 days at 30 1
Do. from June 21. 1781, tn
April 1, 1783, lis days at
IBs
Balance due by the state, ..
Cont. mo.
£28222 7 1
State mo.
271 17 4
Specie.
12!3 19 8H
750
88 10
9713 19 2
239 8 10
£39534 11 3
272 4 10
1632 12 91A
William Scott, esq. Dr.
State.
To balance above, viz. £9713 19 2,
continental money, of which £3091-
13 4, exchanged with the state
treasurer, for £17 13 4 state at 175
for one, and the remainder reduced
to state money, as received at 75
for one, makes in all £105 19 4
To balance above brought down
£105 19
Specie.
239 8 10
£239 8 10
Contra, Cr.
By balance of the foregoing account
overpaid in state money
Balance due by Wm. Scott, April 1,
1783,
51 14 10
54 4 5
£105 19 3
239 8 10
239 8 10
There is L. 1152 10 2 specie, unpaid of the class fines, and
L.1152 14 7. unpaid of the exercise fines incurred within the
1st, 3d and 5th battalions, from May 1780, to April 1783.
Per lists examined.
YORK COUNTY
Cai't. HAHNS I'umr'anj'.
James Bennitt 90
Jacob Eickelberger 90
James Lin\ p 90
Martin Greber 73
BaltzPi- Spanxli-r W
Jacob Shaffer, .1un 39
Jacob Gartner 90
Francis "Worley 90
Peter Mundorf 16
John Shultz 73
John Kurtz 33
Adam Greber 50
Archibald M'Clean 9)
John NIeble 90
Michael Dowdle 90
Georce Nebingrer 90
Peter Kurtz 16
John Collins 90
Jacob Elchingen 16
Ambrose Updegraff 90
John Love 90
Jacob Rothrock 90
John Kungle 10
Abraham Grafous 91
Nathan Updegraff 90
Georpe Irwin, 90
Michael Copenhaver 33
John Welsh 90
Jacob Sltler 90
James M'Cammon 16
Herman UpdegrafC 90
James Robb 50
William M'Munn 90
Cain. KHUMAX'S Comp.
James M'Laugrhlen 73 2
Jacob Small '-0
David Candler ."C 5
Frederick Housman 37 10
Peter Streber *!
George Rees Z2 Vi
Samuel Leedy ?'
Henry Schrack 50 12
John B. Deutch 90
Godfrey Rehm 16 17
Gotliep Rupp 67 10
Jacob Shook 16 17,
Carried 3041 .'
5--7-3d Ser.
2
6
7
c
17
6
2
6
15
12
6
17
6
17
6
17
15
17
B
12
6
IJiought 3011 5
Joseph Updegraff 90
Peter Dinkle 90
Philip Cole 33 15 u
,1. hn Shoman 22 10
Ciipt. PENNINGTON'S Comp.
.lacb StocK 16 17 6
l'et«-r Keel 90
.luBf-iili Kraft 90 u
.IwhTi L'.ehr 90
Henry Wolf, jun 90
I'ei.-r Sincency 90
Philip (iraver 90 u
l.iji;iniz Small 90
George Test 16 17 6
Andrew BiUmyer 66 17
Jacob Welshans 16 IT 6
Frederick Rumel 90
,Iohn Meyre 90
Michael Billmeyer 90
.lolin Graver 90
Joseph Todd 90 u
Christopher Lenhart 67 10
.loseph Updegraff 33 ir.
William Welsh 90
.l.ihn A\'olf 33 l"
l-'xees
No. 2.
Captain COMFORT'S Comp.
Martin Gartner 1 2
Philip Decker 1 2
Abraham Coble, I»i2
Daniel Florey 1 2
Michael Rudy 7
Jacob Bruckhart 1 2
Henry Caltrlder, 1 2
John Barnhart, 1 2
John Strickler. jun 1 2
Baltzer Kunkle 1 2
John Wright 1 2
John Wilant 1 2
Henry Florey 1 2
J.ihn Florey 1 2
Francis Florey 1 -
Christian Leman ... 1 2
Philip Shultzliaclc 1 -
Carried IS 7
6t;
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Brought 18 7 6
Michael Kaufman 1 2 6
Philip Gartner 1 2 6
Abraham Florey 1 2 6
John Herr 12 6
Joseph Erb 1 2 6
Baltzer Fltz 1 2 6
George DeeU, 1 2 6
Michafl Darsten I 2 r,
Jacob Leedy 1 2 6
Henry Klndeg 1 2 6
Jasob Kauf men 1 2 6
John Kann 1 2 6
Gotlieb Kunkle 12 6
Jacob Hlvell 12 6
Henry Strlckler 1 2 6j
Carried 35 5
Brought
Peter Peltier
Martin Hoover, jun.,
John Dorman
Jacob Floroy
David Mellinger
Isaac Florey
Melchlor Herman, ...
Philip Thomas
Adam Bahn.
Henry Kahn
Christian Schroll
John Bahn
Abraham Demot
Henry Lelphart
David Maltzly
Add
35 5
1 2
6
1 2
6
1 2
6
1 2
6
1 2
6
1 2
6
1 2
6
1 2
6
1 2
6
1 2
6
1 2
6
1 2
6
1 2
6
1 2
6
1 2
C
12
6
LIST of CLASS FINES received by Colonel William Scott, dn
Specie, from the 1st, 3d, and 5th Battalions.
No. 3.
Fourth Class.
Michael Kerver 12 7 3
Ambrose UpdegrafC 12 11 ' 6
John Love 13 2
James Bennat 7 10
Joseph Way 3 15
Peter Hershey 14 2
Benj. Brenneman 10 17
Peter Deardoff 10 17
Abraham Keller 10 17
Martin Weller 5
Fifth Class.
Abraham Stelner 10 17
Andrew Sheller 3 15
George Heckler 10 17
John Humrichouser 11 1
John Hldler 2 8 11%
Christian Bulhart 10 10
David Hober 10 10
Sixth Class.
John B. Dytch 10
Samuel Leedy 10 10
Martin Elbert 2 5
Carried 1S3 12 8V'2
Brought 183 12 8
Cornelius Garretson 1119 ;i
Joseph Garretson 10 18
Amos Lewis 10 13 6
George Deets 10 13 6
Richard Mumert 12 12 6
Gotfried Sumwalt 10 17
Peter Goodllng 10 10
Jacob Wolgamer 10 10
Seventh Class.
Peter Eleberger 10 10
Nicholas Keep 10 10
Christian Resh 10 3
Philip Frankeberger 1116 3
George Emlck 3 15
John Stouffer 10 17
John Meyre 5 5
Eighth Class. ^
Nicholas Tost, Jun 4 ? 6
Jonathan M'Creary 10 13 9
Samuel Miller 12 2 6
John Hide 10 10
Jacob Bixler 5 12
Philip Thomas 5 S 9
Jacob Hover 110
Carried 385 2 814
YORK COUNTY. Oi
Brought over 3S5 2 SM Brought over 431 5':;
Jacob Stadler 5 ; Tol.ias Miller 1 V 1
Daniel Schnideman 5 Abraham Taylor 16 9
David MelUnger 3 12 9 Jacub Brllhart 1 6 3
Jacob Florey 7 6 i Peter Klinelelter 17
George Shaller. Jun 10 10 i John Rudesill 8 8 9
Peter Minehart 13 2 C .li>hn Hoover 10 10
John Meyre 13 Jolm Klinefelter 3 15
Frederick Frazer 5
Carried 431 5iA I 4C3 11 3'
STATE of the ACCOUNTS of Matthew Dill, esq. Sub Lieuten-
ant of York County.
Matthew Dill. esq. Sub Lieutenant Dr. To Sundrie-.
Cont. mo. State mo. Specie.
"William Scott, esq. Lieuten-
ant.
Received of him on
account of pay
due as sub lieut. 251S 12 6 fi
Militia Fines
Recelveil cf sun-
dry ptrsonsot the
several companies
of the 6th battal.
of militia, their
fines, incurred In
1778. latter part
of the year 1779
and the year 1780,
toKfthtr with ar-
rearages from the
year 1778 for non
attendance upon
days of exercise.
per list No. I. .. 20635 14 7
Received of Capt.
Shaiter. muster
fines which hf
had collected in
his company. ... 452 2 6
Of Capt. May. do. 117
Carried 27204 17 1
2-,lS 12 6 •
68 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Matthew Dill, esq. Sub Lieutenant Dr. To Sundries.
Cont. mc State mo. S;jecte.
Brought uv. ...£27204 17 1 2.ii8 12 u n u
Mi Itia Fines.
or Mr. Mitchell, do. 6 3
Of Col.Neilson.do. C37 lo o
Cir ."Mr, Thompson,
do 109 15
Of Th.imaK Shanks,
,lu 4S 15
or -Mr. Cliamber-
haiiif. do 300
Of Iti.bert Stew-
art constable, .. 121 17 3
Amount £28428 17 4
Of the above
£120 7 C was re-
ceived, as is re-
presented instate
money at 75 for
on-, equal to. .. 9478 2 6
Received in Cont. mo. .. 189:0 14 10
Received in State mo. .. 126 7 6
Reci-lve.l of sun-
dry persons of
t le aforesaidbat-
talion and two
companies of the
."th battalion on
account of exer-
cise fines in-
cureci In the
years 17S1 and
17S2, p>T list No.
II 479 4 2
Rcc. from sundry
persons of the
battalion afore-
n I. iciiint I f
fines for non per-
formance of their
tour of duty in-
cuTel from May
1779 t.i April
1783. p"r list No.
Ill 742 14 2
Balance bue by tht' state,
11
1221 IS
n
144 11
i:;6C 9
YORK COUNTY. 69
Sundries, Dr. to Matthew Dill, esq. Sub Lieutenant.
Cont. mo Slate mo Ppecit\
William Scott, esq. lieuten-
ant.
Paid him on ac-
count of flnts
coUecteii Feb. 28,
1781 7070 7 G
Ditto ditto. May
29 10035 5
17105 V: 6 ii
do. do. Dec. 27, ilT 1.'. U n o
do. do. do. ... 324 16 ^
do. do. Sept. 20.
17S2 200
do. do. Nov. 1.
do 100
do. do. 1783 40
William Alexander,
esq. pay master
of militia
Paid sunrry per-
rons of tlie mili-
tia, in part, of
the pay due to
llieni respectively
for their services
to be stopped by
the pay master
per account with
him, 17S1 and
1782
Unite.! States.
Paid Capt. Dodds
for warning the
militia to march,
Feb. 3. 1781
Paid Capt Ob:alnls
do. do. 2'.. do. ..
Paid Cnpt. Xlsblt.
do. April 7 do. ..
Paid Capt Dodds
for warninfr the
millti.H to march,
July 20. 17,S:', 4
70 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries, Dr. to Matthew Dill, esq.
Cont. mo Slate mo Specie.
Brought over, . £4 17811 12 6 117 15 o 'i49 li 3
United States.
â– Capt. Bonner for
warning the mi-
litia to march,
April 3. 1782 7
"William Hodge
and three others,
privates of the
militia, for ser-
vices in August,
17SU, March 15,
1782 8
Capt. Gould for
warning the mi-
litia to march,
March 4, ditto. 4 10
Andrew Thomp-
son, esq. expen-
cesof apprehend -
II 1 .1 : isli ilPSf m -
ers, Nov. 26,
1781 7 2
Capt. Wilson for
warning tho mi-
litia. Feb. 16,
1781: 5 10
Capi. Coulston,
f'lr do. March
2X. do 7
Capt. O'Blaines
for do. June 3,
do 4 5
Capt. M' Masters
I'cir do. March
22. do 7
Capt. Nisblt for
do. Jan. 2, do. .. 6 •
Major Ashton for
d>.. from 1777,
Oct. 1. do 17 10 •
Capt. Nesblt for
do. Ftb. 14. 1783, 5
Capt. Bonner for
do. Jan. 22, do. 4 10
Carit. Gould for
do. Feb. 28, do. 3
Carried £90 7 C 17811 12 6
YORK COUNTY.
71
Sundries, Dr. to Matthew Dill, esq.
Brought ov. ...
United States,
Daniel "Williams,
for warning the
militia to March,
Dec. 18. 17S2
Capt. M'Masters,
dr.. Feb. 23, 17S3,
Capt Wilson, do.
do. ?, do
Capt. Dodds, do.
March 15, do. ••
Capt. Spese, do.
do. 8. do
1 10
Z
2 10
5
8
Cont. mo
17S;i 12
state mo
117 15 fi
Specl'^.
949 1-.: 3
Militia Expences,
Paid officers for returns and
other services In their com-
panies, expences of courts
of appeal, clerk wages,
stationary, almoner;, drum-
mers, flfers, adjutants, a
fee to an attorney for advice
on the mllltlalaw, two new
drums, repairs, and other
contingent charges
For his services as sub-lleut.
from the time of his ap-
pointment, July 1779, to
March 20, 1780, 8 days, at
£5 12 6, from thence to
the 21st June, 1781, 45y2
days, at 25 1. and from
thence to the 26th March,
1783 174 days, at 12s 6
Balance due to the state
S 12 C
1182 10
e . . . . 2091 12 4
108 13
21,169 7 â– '-
126 7 6
i:65 9 9
Matthew Dill, Esc;. Dr.
To balance of the foregoing account £2091 12
continental money, at 75 for one, equal to
Balance due by the state to Matthew Dill
Contra, Cr,
By balance of the foregoing account
Specie.
£27 17 9
IIG 13 8
£144 11 5
£144 11 5
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
No. I. Brought 4231
Capts. PARKINSON and NISBET'
Companies.
Benjamin Fannastoe 109 10
Boras Fannastoe 109 10
Enoch Underwood 109 10
Aaron Garrison 109 10
John Bromage.
Peter Latsa. . . .
Joseph Bradley,
Samuel Hole
Daniel Grouss,
Peter Mlllhouse.
87
109 10
109 10
109 10
109
109 10
Benjamin Pisle, 109 10
Joseph Plsle 109 in
Peter Pence, 19 10
Nicholas Kimble 19 10
Frederick Roose, Ju 109 10
George Myers 19 10
Nicholas Shearer 6
Joseph Green 109 10
Peter Clever, jun 109 10
Joshua Valos 109 10
George Herman 109 10
Jo.seph Pence 109 10
Jacob Underwood 109 10
John Underwood 109 10
Ellsha Underwood 109 10
Jacob Brindly 94 10
George M'Mullen 109 10
Peter Cook. Jun 109 10
John Craft 105
John Marsh, Jun 109 10
John Derry
Mordecai Williams,
Juhn Thomas
Michael Auker, ..
Abel Walker
Ditto
William Butt
,U.hn M'Mullan, ..
William M'MuUan,
109 10
109 10
109 10
109 10
19 10
90
90
109 10
109 10
Martin Claudy 109 10
Mordecai Pugh
Adam Wiley,
Alexan. Underwood,
James Edmundson,
Thomas Brunton, ,.
John Cramer
67 10
19 10
..90
90
19 10
109 10
Henr.v- Cram' r.
Jacob Stickle, .,
Joseph Bennet.
Michael King, ,.
George Wiley, .
Jacob Swaggart,
George Stickle, ,
Peter Stickle, .
10
10
10
j George Stickle 109
1 Peter Stickle 33
i William Condry 109
1
!
John Edmundson
Robert Parks
Nicholas Shatto
Robert Ayres ,
Samuel Neilson, sen.
Thomas Penrose
David Ayres
Record Huzzy
Henry Atherton,
Richard Atherton, ...
Jonathan Marsh
John Marsh
John Brunton
Nathan Phillips
James Driver
Brice Blair
John Marsh, sen., ..
Jacob Griffith 109
Ezekiel Frazer
Abram Griffith
William Updegrove,
John Brough
Jacob Brough
Joshua Dickinson, .,
Jehu Thomas
Frederick King
John Ful wilier
Gravner Marsh
James Conly
John Green
Jacob Brim
John Kittlewe'l
John M'Fadyean, ...
Chrlstphr. Foglesong
Jacob Boughman, ...
Anthony Knisely. ...
John Knisely
John Pence
David Shearer
10
10
10
10
Jacob Cook 109 10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
in
10
10
10
10
YORK COUNTY
73
Brought 8789 10 1
Samuel Morthland 109 10
William Morthland 109 10 j
Michael FulwlUer 109 10 1
Jonathan Marsh 109 10 ol
Dewals Hess 109 10 I
Henry Weaver lOii 10 \
Peter Henry 41 5 1
Michael Oury 109 10
Frrdeiick Rider 109 10
George Cough 109 10
Conrad Upaugh 109 10
Thomas Edmundson 109 10
John Philips 109 10
< 'ai.t. I >i il>l >S'S Com]'.
Abram Cox 99 Ij
Nicholas Wiremaii 99 l', d
John Wireman 50
John Grist, jun 99 15
John Garrison 99 15
Philip Honeyman 99 15
Peter Troup 99 15
John Howe 90
Herman Blalzer 90
Peter Myres 90
John Cox 99 15
John Werstler 99 15
Jacob Bales 99 15
Solomon Bales 99 15
Ludwick Myres 99 35
Jacob Honeyman 9 15
William Wireman 99 15
Henry Myers 99 15
Peter Snider 90
Nicholas Sox 90
Isaac Asper 90
Henry Werstle: 99 15
John Donaly 9 15
John Bower 99 15
Valentine Fiekas 9 15
John Albert 99 15
Henry Troup 99 15
John Asper 99 15
Jacob Kimble 90
Sllvanus Day 99 15
Abram Bower 99 15
Jacob Myre 99 15
Samuel Males 99 15
John Yoder 90 o
Christian Holnsiater 90
Carried 1322S 10
Brought 13228 10
Michael Bower 90
Peter Bower 99 15
John Smith, Jun 19 15
Henry Smith 99 15
Elisha Bales 99 15
John Montorf 9 15
Paul Troup 99 15
Daniel Yoder 9 15
Peter Fox 99 15
Isaac Bales 99 15
\ a:entirT' [■;ilicar 9;» 15 n
David Sirbaugh 99 15
Henry Westler 99 15
Christian Newcomer 99 15
George Newcomer 99 15
John Myres 99 15
Peter Hicus 9 15
Michael Kimble 99 15
Philip Levlgh 99 15
Mat. Taughenbaugh 9 15
Daniel Bales 99 15
John Harmln 90
George Lerue 90
Andrew Bower 99 15
George Smith 99 15
Samuel Smith 99 15
Gabriel Smith 99 15
John Chronister 99 15
Henry Auker. 9 15
Daniel Leese 99 15
Peter Penter 99 15
Davl.l Weaver 99 15
Jonathan Bales 99 15
Abram Bower, Jun 99 15
Stophel Foglesong 90
Philip Miller 9u
George Asper, Jun 90
Andrew Hartman 90
William Bull 9 15 n
Henry Ellicar 99 15
Roger Hunt 9 15
Isaac Fichas 99 15
Jolin Troup 9 15
John Llghty 99 15
James Donely 9 15
Jacob Ringler 99 15
Jacob Keensor 90
Jacob Holsinger 9n
Jesse Cox 90 n
William Cox 9 15
Carried 17218 10 n
74
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Brought 17218 10
Nehemlah Howell 99 15
Andrew Dumb 99 15
Benjamin Leeser 99 15
Jedediah Huzzy, 99 15
John Hennyman 9 15
Thomas Shlpton 9 15 ,
Conrad Chronlster 99 15
Henry Montorf 99 15
William Wlreman 90
James Grist 90 0.,.
William Myers 90
Valentine Myers 90
Thomas Gnst 90 0_
Benjamin Bower, 90
Captains WILLIAMS and WILSON'S
Companies.
Joshua Frazer 109 10
John Thompson 90
Richard Blachford 109 10
James Kltley 109 10
Christopher King 109 10
James Kltley 3 5
John Davlln 15
raptain^ r.Ar.LK and COLSTON'S
Companies.
Isaac Deardof 112 15
Jacob Deardorf 112 15
William Webster 37 10
John Stover. 112 15
John Baldwin 112 15
John Knisely 112 15
Henry Deardorf 112 15
George Miller 55 10
Jacob Ipe 112 15
Daniel Lowbaugh 112 15
Abram Lowbaugh 112 15
Conrad Weaver 112 15
Andrew Lowbaugh 22 15
Andrew Comfort 4 10
John Elghlner 3
John Crouthers 4 10
Aaron Patterson 6
Jacob Waggoner 109 10
Christian Klnard 72
Henry Stover 99 10
Henry Miller 75 7 6
NichoI.TS Shearer 90
Christian Simmerman 39 2 1
John Miller 90
Carried 20745 4 7
Brought,
20745 4 7
Captain OIJLAINS' CoiP'.,
Andrew White 90
Philip Earhart, 90
James White, jun 90
John Melaun 90
Christian Boshee 90
Matthias Melaun, 90
^Manus Brough, 90
David Myres 67 10
Adam Brown 90
l>aniel Brough 90
Henry Picken 90
Thomas Reed 90
Casper Coxon 75
John Overholser 90
Nicholas King 90
Leonard Leese, 90
Richard Webster 9'i
Christian Myre 90
Michael- Cole 90
Peter Pupp 90
Jacob May 56 5
John Clark 16 17 6
John Black 39 7 6
Valentine Flckas 90
Henry Chronlster 90
Anthony Deardorf 90
John Havlrser 90
Jacob Myley 90
George Kreensor 90
Nicholas Myres 90
Richard Jones 90
Peter Vance 90
Jacob Welchance 90
Nicholas Myres 90
Isaac Latsha 90
Henry Nell 90
John Myres 90
Christian Close, 90
Stephen Leese 90
Michael Boshee 90
Abram Slnghorse 90
I Michael King 90
Peter White 90
Christian Close 90
I John Picher 73 2 6
Michael Snider 90
Henry Fox, 67 in
Nicholas BoBhee 90
Carried 24S30 IT 1
YORK COUNTY.
10
Brought 24830 17 1
Henry White 90
John Earhart 90
Valentine Knop 90
John Picking 90
Thomas Boyd 90
Capt. BONNER'S Comp
Allen Robinet 99 15
Ludwlc RoslmlUer. 99 15
John Bales 99 ID
Adam Simmons 99 15
Edward Hutton 90 15
John Collins 99 15
David Robinson 99 15
John Wisely 99 15
John John 90
Christian Halxt 90
Thomas Strlpton 90
Daniel Funk SO
Stephen Folk 90
John Dinnis 90
John M'Grew 16 IT 6
26G35 14
No. II.
Capt. NISBET'S Company.
Boras Fanastoe
pptiT Latsha
Joseph Bradly
Samuel Hole
Daniel Groiiss
Peter Mllhouse
Philip Plsle
Joseph Plsle
Frederick Roose, Jun. ,
Joshua "Vale
Joseph Pence
Elisha Underwood, sen.
John Underwood
Peter Cook
John Marsh, jun
John Mires
William Butt
Mordecal Williams
John Thomas
Eenjamin Walker
Abf'l Walker
Brought over 21 19 6
William M'MuUan 19 6
Martin Claudy 15
Hugh Mortland 19 6
Joseph Bennet • 1 4
Robert Maughlln 1 4
John Cramer 14
Henry Cramer 14
William CondiT 15
John Driver 14
Thomas Edmondson 1 4
John Edmondson 14
Xicholas Shatto 14
Thomas Penrose 14
Record Huzzy 1 4
John Penrose 14
Richard Atherton 1 4
.Jonathan Marsh 14
John Marsh, jun 14
.John Brunton 1 4
James Driver 1 4
Jonathan Marsh 14
William Howe 15
Peter Owens 10 6
Isaac Voar 14
Jacob Griffith 14
Jehu Thomas 15
' John Fulwiller 14
Gravner Marsh
Jacob Voar
John Klttlewell
John Horseman
John Nisely
Jacob Boughman
Anthony Knizely
John Pence
William Updpgrove, ...
David Shearer
Samuel Cook
Jacob Cook
Samuel Morthland, ...
William Morthland, ..
Jonathan Marsh, sen.,
Henry Weaver •
Peter Henry
Michael Oury
Cadwallader Evans. ..
Frederick Rider
Jacob Priam
George Cough
«
<
10
G
Carried.
24 19 6
Carried,
ACCOi:XTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Brought over SO 3 6 ,
Conrad Upaugh 14 01
William Squib 1 4
Peter Cough 14
Capt. WILSON'S Company.
John Thompson 13 6
Isaac Elliot 14
Vincent Parson 1.5
James Fisher 1 4
RicharU Blachford 1 4
David i,ewis 17 6
Philip King 14
Joshua Frazer 13 6
David Ayres 1.5
Andrew Bailey 6
Christopher King 1 8
C'ai)t. COLSTnX's^ Ciimpany.
Isaac Deardorf, 2 12
Jacob Deardorf 2 12 n
Wlllln Grist 1 4
John Stoffer 2 12
Daniel Grist 2 12 n
Rudulph Styers 19 6
John Nisely 2 12
John Miller 2 12
Henr>- Deardorf 2 12
Gabriel Smith, ..'. 2 12
Henry Stover n 4
Jesse Cook 1 4
Benjamin Pisle 1 4
John Nowlln 6
Daniel Grist, jun 1 8
Capt. DODD'S Company.
Abram Cox, 1 4
Jacob Bales 1 4
Nich. Wireman, Jun 1 4
Ezekial Walker 1 4
John Grist 1 4
John Garrison 1 4
Philip Heneyman 14
Peter Troup 14
Herman Blazer 1 4
John Cox 1 4
John Werslo 10 6
Solomon Bale? 1 4
Lud\vi<k Myres 1 4 (i
Isaac- Asper 1 4
Jacob Kimble 1 4
Carried 140 1
Brought 140 1
William Wireman 1 4
Nicholas Sox 2 8
Henry Werslo 9 6
Abram Bower 2 8
John Albert 1 4
Peter Bower 2 12
John Smith, jun 14
Henry Smith 1 4
Elisha Bales 1 4
Powel Troup 1 4
Valentine Elicar7": — - — > 1/4 il
David Sirbagh 1*'4
Henry Werslo 19 6
Christian Newcomer 1 4
Michael Kimble 1 4
Philip Levigh 2 16
George Leru 1 4
Daniel Bales 1 4
John Cough 1 4
Andrew Bower 14
George Smith 1 4
Samuel Smith 14
Henry Ocker 1 4
Daniel Leese 1 4
David Weaver 114 6
Stophel Foglesong 1 4
Philip Miller 14
Henry Ellicar 1 4
Jacob Kinsor 1 4
Isaac Fickas 1 4
Elijah Adams 14
Jesse Cox 1 4
John Hildebrand 1 4
Benjamin Leese 1 4
Adam Konkle 1 4
William Wierson 1 4
William Myres 1 4
Thomas Grist 14
Joseph Grist 14
Benjamin Bower 2 8
Capt. OBLAINIS' Company.
Andrew White 2 12
Philip Earhart 2 12
James White, jun 2 12
John Melaun 2 12
Christian Boshee 15
Matthias Me'.aun 2 12
Daniel Brough 10 6
Carried 20S 5 6
YORK COUNTY
lirouprht 20S 5
John Overholser 1 4
Leonard Leese. jun 1 4
Christian Myres, 2 12
Peter Pupp 2 12
John Clark 2 12
Valentine Fickas 2 12
John Heavisor 2 12
Jacob Miley 1 4
Nicholas Myres 15
Peter Vance I'J
Nicholas Myres, 1 4
Isaac Latsha 2 12
Jacoti Welchance 9
Henry Nell 4
John Myres 2 12
Peter White 1 4
John Picking 1 4
Valentine Knopp 2 12
John Picher 10
Michael Snider 1 4
Nicholas Boshee 18
Henry White 2 12
David Myres 4
Samuel Leese 1 4
Jacob Myre, .1un 1 4
Henry Sailor 1 4
Jacob Brookhart 2 12
Michael Stonebach 1 S
Capt. BONNKR'S Company.
i
Allen Robbinet 14
Georpe Dantzil 1 4
Nicholas Wireman 1 4
Vincent Pilkinton 1 4 u
Philip I'roup 13 C
Jacob Fickas 1 4
Ludwic Rosemlller 1 4 ("
John Bales 1 4
Aaron Van=coyer 1 4 (i
Isaac Pearson 1 4
John Fickas 1 4 o
Edward Hutton 1 4
James Splkeman 1 4
John Watson 1 4
Elias Pearson 14
William Wisely 1 4
Caleb Bales 14
Benjamin Wireman 1 4
Evan Davie 1 4
Nicholas Weavtr 12
Dani.l Funk 1 4
Carried 275 16 G, Carried.
6 1 Brought 275 IC
I Stephen Foulk 1'
I John Collins 1 4
U 1 James Hughs 1 4
u I Ebenezer Spikeman 1 4
1 Nicholas Wireman 1 2
William Cox, jun 1 2
David Bales G
William Howe 1 2
A'incent Pilkinton 1..
CaiJt. SPIECE'S Company.
" ', l..udwick Bare
6 1 Samuel Worly
Anthony Kimble. ..
Frederick Lether, ..
George Cann
Daniel Regan
6 Jrs>iih Elgar
David Martin
Samuel Knisely
Abram Worly
Jesse Worthen
John Nisely
I Conrad Hulser
Adam Sparr
Valentine Paup,
John Davis
John Leather
I'aul Dearilorf
Jacob Leather,
I'aul Rider
Jacob Shetroii
Michael Herbolt. ..
Adam Yegey
Charles Huffman, .
John Davis
Christian Covenaur.
I Jacoh Wigel, ..
I Philip Baker, .
I Daniel Rahuser.
I Haltzer Ham. .
I Jacnb Rahuser,
Abram Neaf, ..
Christian Ham.
I Henry Clain. . .
I
1 16
5 S
n
2 12
1 10
?,
1 14
6
1 4
n
lu
ri
1 14
r,
2 12
4 15
9
1 14
C
1 4
II
1 4
')
1 4
1 4
1 4
«
1 It
1 4
1 4
n
1 4
ri
10
•;
1 14
b
Caiit. MAY'S Company.
IS
1
4
2
11
fi
1^
2
li
2
n
1
4
15
(.•apt. GiiLD'S Comi.anv
I Hubert Hammersly,
6 [ .lohn Freeman. .. .
S .Inmnn Tate
2 14
2 S
1 S
l!>
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Brought 349 2
Derrick Updegrove 3 1 3
Timothy Kirk, 3 4 6
Samuel John 2 6
Nathan Thomas 3 17 6
Absolom Wall 3 17 6
James Todd 2 8 3
Joseph Welch 2 12
Samuel Garrison 3 5 9
Ezekiel Kirk 4 12 6
John Wilson 1 8
Anthony Moore 18
Henry Lewis, Jun 1 4
Edward Jones 3 13
Ellis Lewis 3 4 6
Adam Shullar 3 17 6
John Harmin 14
James Banes, 10 6
John Willis 18
Jacob Rise, Jun 1 8
Hugh Laird 15
Samuel Lewis, 2 8 3
Isaac Tate 1 8
John Elliot 3 4 3
George Philips 3 4 6
Moses Rambo 1 9 11
Adam Cramer 2 8 3
George Lenhart 16 3
Peter Noffet 1 8
Brought 459 IS S
! Christian Furry 2 S 3
I John Hays 2 8 3
I John Mills 2 S 3
t William Davis 2 8 3
i Joseph Flatcher 2 S 3
t Ellis Rogers 2 S 3
i George M'Clearn, 14
[Jacob Eyman 1 4
! Edward Jones i 4
I John Singer 14
Capt. M'MASTER'S Comp.
Christian Hanganer 1 4 8
George Harris 2 8 3
David Copeland 2 8 3
Thomas M' Adams 2 8 3
Joseph Baxter 14 3
John Plow 3 16 3
Andrew Kitterman 14 3
Henry Furry 2 8 8
Jesse Wickersham 2 8 3
John Baxter 2 8 3
Andrew Soover 116 3
Jacob Snider, 2 12 3
Joseph Taylor 3 16 3
William Fisher 2 8 8
John Pike 2 8 3
James Wickersham 2 8 3
Christian Stoner 2 8 3
James Banes 2 8 3
Samuel Kellar 3 16 3
Carried 459 18 8
i 479 4 2
! No. III.
I
i Capt. NISBET'S Comp.
Fourth Class.
I
I John Cramer 6
I Henry Cramer .'
John Driver 10 10
j Thomas Kirk 10 10
Thomas Edmundson 14 14
! Hugh Kennedy, . 3
Joseph Morris 2
t John Edmundson 15 9
1 Nicholas Shatto 6 1
Thomas Penrose 10 10
Record Huzzy 14 2
Peter Gardner 9
John Penrose 10 10
Fifth Clasb.
Richard Atherton 14 2
Jonathan Mars^h, jun 10 10
John Marsh, Jun 10 10
John Brunton 9
Nathan Philips 3 10
John Philips, 5
Price Blair, Jun 9
Jonathan Marsh, 10 10
William Howe 5 5
Isaac Voar 5 5
Seventh Class.
Jacob Bou?hman 6 10
Eighth Class.
Frederick Rider 10 10
Capt. SPIECE'S Comp.
Fourth Class.
Peter Myres COO
Stephen Strily 3
Paul Deardorf 4 10
Jacob March 3
Carried 233 13
YORK COUNTY
Brought.
Michael Harbols,
David Moler.
Sixth Class.
Charles Husman
Michael Miller
Eighth Class.
Paul Rider
i 10
3
4 10
5
3
Capt. DODD'S Comp.
Fourth Class.
Peter Bower 12 11 3
John Smith. Jun 10 10
Henry Smith 10 10
Paul Troup 7
Peter Fox 12
Isaac Bales 6 Oi
Valentine Ellicar 10 10 0^
Henry Wersler 10 10
Christian Newcomer 10 10
Fifth Class.
Philip Levigh 12 6
George Lence 3
Sixth Class.
Andrew Bower 7 10
Capt. BONNER'S Comp.
Fourth Class.
Aaron Vanscoyr 10 10
Isaac Pearson 10 10
Thomas Branden 8
Adam Simmons 10 10
James Spikeman 10 10
Sixth Class.
Andrew Lowbaugh r. 12 6
Jacub Flick i
Eighth Class,
Thomas Stuart 5
Jame.s Gardiner 4 10
Henry Reamer 7 10
Capt. OBLAINIS' Comp.
Fourth Class.
John Overholser 10 10
Nicholas King ...•• 10 10
Christian Myres 10 10
Michael Cole 10 10
Peter Pupp 6
Thnma.^; Crlswell •'> *
Fifth Class.
Valentine Fickas 5 5
Thomas King 10 10
John Heavizer 10 10
Brought :23 7 9
Handil Bortinimer 6
Sixth Clars.
Isaac Latsha U 2
John Myres ID 17 6
Seventh Clas^.
Henry Fox 12 7 C
Jacob May 5
Michael Snider 4 14 3
Eighth Clay?.
William Thompson 1 2 6
Capt. WILSON'S Comp.
Sixth class.
William RandU- 314 G
Eighth class.
Andrew Bailey 3
Capt. COLSTON'S Comp.
Fourth Class.
Abram Swaggart 6 10
Sixth Class.
Henry Stoffer 6
Capt. GOULD'S Comp.
Fourth Class.
Samuel Garrison 10 10
John Wilson '>
Fifth Class.
.Edward Jones 10 10
Eli Lewis 10 10
Adam Shullar 10 10
Sixth Class.
John Attlck 7 2 11
Joseph Hutton 4
Seventh Class.
I Hugh Lalid 15
j Capt. M'MASTER'S fomp.
Fourth Class.
Adam Knatcher, 10 10
Joseph Taylor n
Joseph Flatcher 10 10
Fifth Class.
John Pike 10 10
James Wickersham 10 10
Christian Stoner 10 10
Sixth Class.
William Kirk 7 3 3
Michael Kern n
Seventh Class.
Christian Furry IG 2 6
John Hays 3 4 6
Carried 523 7 9 i
742 14 2
sa
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF MATTHEW DILL, ESQ.
Matthew Dill, esq. sub-lieutenant. Dr.
To Militia Fines,
Received from sundry persons of the
5th district of York County Militia,
their fines for non-attendance upon
davs of exercise incurred before
April 17S3, per list £226 12 7
Ditto, do. fines for not marching in
their classes of the militia, incur-
red before April 1783 386 16 9
613 9 4
Balance due by the state, 3 12 6
£617 1 10
Contra, Cr.
Balance of last account, 116 13 8
By William Scott, esq. lieutenant,
Paid him in receipts for militia ser-
Tices, received for lines 281 4 4
By lost and desperate debts.
For the sum of £23 3 4, of which
Matthew Dill was robbed, and 431.
of which Robert Stewart, his col-
lector, was robbed, ordered to be
credited bv the resolution of as-
sembly of 31st March. 1784 66 3 4
By United States,
Paid capt. Colston, for
military services, March
30th, 1783 £2
Capt. Mav, do. do. do.
6th, do., 13 10
Capt. Parkison, do do.
Sept. 16, do 7
John Rankin, do. do. May
10, do 6
28 10
Military Expences,
Paid captains for services In their
companies, wages of adjutants,
Drummer and Fifer, for clerk hire
and paper, per account and vouch-
ers, and other contingent expences,
For his own services, 80 days, at
12 s 6 per day
70 17j
G
53 15
124 10 6
617 1 10
YORK COUNT Y
No. 1.
Capt. MAY'S Comp.
Daniel Rahuser 2 •" c
Daniel Weaver l 8 o
Jacob Rahuser 2 5 6
Jacob Harmin i s
Abram Neas 2 5 G
Capt. SPEECE'S Comp.
Martin Huber 2 (i o
John Paupp 17 C
Capt. COLSTON'S Comp.
Isaac I'eardorff . 2 16
Jacob Deardorff lu
John Miller ] 2 6
John Nlsely l in o
Gabriel Smith 2 IH
Henry Stoffer 2 IG
John Staffer o V> 9
Henry Stoffer 1 S
Capt. DODD'S Comp.
Abram Cox 1 IS c.
John Grist 2 IG o
Abram Bower 2 16
Peter Bower 2 IG o
Thomas Grist 2 ' C
Benjamin Bower 17 G
Abram Cnx i s fi
Peter Mires . 1 s o
John Grist 1 S o
Thnmas Grls'. 1 S n
Aaron Vanscoyer . 1 2 6
Caleb Bales 110 9
Cal»b Bales 2 10 9
John Garrison 4 A
Capt. GOULD'S Comp.
Solomon Tate i 2 9
Adam Cramer oil 3
Isaac Tate :; C
Jacob Rise, Jun 2 14
John Hays 2 IG
Samu"l John 2 IG
Absalc.m Wall 2 16
Samuel Garrison :'. .'i G
Ezeklel Kirk 1 8
Anthony Moore 2 16
Eli I^wls 2 T, s
Gadlove Fisher 7 o
Thomas Oldham 1 8
Michael Grubb :; 4 C
Capt. M'MASTER'S Comp
Joseph Flatcher 1 S
John Plow 2 16
Carried. 89 19 3
6--7--3d Ser.
I Brought.
I John Baxter, . ,
I Jos-ph Baxter,
i William Todd, .
I John Bare
i John Copeland,
Daniel Bailv, ,.
89 10
2 IG
in
1 S
Cajit. NISBET'S Comp,
Samuel Hole
Daniel Grouss
Peter Mlllhouse
Fel'x Bentzly
I Frederick Roose, Jun.
Joseph Green
Joseph Pence
Record Huzzy
Isaac Vore
Gravner Marsh
Jicob Voie
Jiihn Nisely
Anthony Nisely
John Pence
David Shearer
Michael FulwUler. ...
John M'Fadyean
Aaron Garrison
Samu"l Hole
Mordecal Wllliama. ..
Adam Wiley
David Cadwallader. .
Thomas Edmundson.
Kli Underwood
Thomas Penrose
John Penrose
Richard Atherton. ...
.Tohn Fulwlller
Frederick Rider
David Grlftey
John Garrison
Jacob Boughman
John Nlsely
Peter Henry
S
S
1 8
(1
1 8
1 8
2 16
2 16
1 1
n
2 IG
2 16
2 16
1 8
2 16
2 16
1 8
n
2 9
fi
1 8
1 8
2 IG
2 Ifi
n
1 8
Capt. GOULD &• M'MASTER'S C.
Benjamin Hou.''e,
Daniel Hoops ,
Thomas Jennings,
Benjamin Davis
John Wilson, sen,. .
Anthony Moeg-e
Herman Updoprove.
Eli Lewis
.Iiisejili Hutton
Carried,
3 1
3
3 1
,".
3 IT
6
1 r.
6
2 8
3
2 8
3
1 S
1 8
(1
10
r,
ACCOUNTS OF LI1<:UTEXANTS.
Brouglu 3"'j
John Elliot 1
Thomas .lennen-s 1
William Matlhew^' 1
Samuel Johnson 1
Solomon Talf ■• 2
Geoige Robinson 1
J( seph Hunter
Peter Myres "
Nathaniel Freeman -
James Banes 1
John Willis 1
GaiJlove Fisher 2
Joseph Tedro
i£ush Handles 2
(ibadiah Peden 1
J. hn ]'"reeman 1
Timothy Kirk 1
Samuel John 1
Jonathan Thomas 1
Absalom Wall 1
Stephen Johnson
Edward Jones 1
John Huffman 2
Peter Myres 2
Daniel Slane 1
John Fields 1
John Penner
James Elliot
Caleb ESaily 1
I)avid Cofieland 1
Jesse Wicl<ersham 1
Jilcob Kyman 1
Ellis Rogers 1
Daniel Baily 1
John Singer 1
220 32 7
List of Fines received.
CalPt. GOULD'S & MMASTER'S C.
Eighth Class
Ezekiol Kirk r, o
Henry Lewis, jm 10 10
Oeoige Bayard 3
.Vnlhony Moore 4 1
S imuel Lewis, sen T 11 ?.
lamt s Hnrris , 4 16
Dani.-l Baily 10 10
I'apt. M.-WS Comp.
.\l.r,im Neaf. •■■'■^ '\
H.-nrt;p Maun r ::
l!;,rn-i Fishi r 1 n
I'aiit. SPEKCF/S Comp.
William Lenhart C 10
Carried C2 11 G
Brought
Nicholas Zinn
Philip Julias
Henry Huffman,
Michael Sparr
Chr stian Covenaur
Solomon Latsh i
Sixtli Class.
William Harboll
Capt. POPli'S Comp.
Itaniel Lees-
Thomas Grist
Benjamin Bower,
Henry Miller
Jnse]ih Grist
Capt. BONNER'S Comr
George Robbinelt
John Ficka;
John Burkholdti
Ellas Pearson
William Wisely,
John Ross
William Cox
Enoch Vanscoyr
Caleb Bales, jun
( • Hit. ( 'I iLSTi ).N"S Comj
Henry Sto\-er
Jesse Cnok
.•\biam Lowljaugh
Jacob Ipe,
G2 11
3 19
4
10 10
3
10 10
10 10
7 10
9
7 10
3
10 10
3
10 10
Capt. WILSON'S Comp.
William Anderson 3
Capt. M'M.VSTER'S Comp.
Jesse Willis 5
William Malsby 5
Daniel Slane 5
Capt. GiJULD'S Comp.
Isanc Tate 10
Moses Rambo 2
John Elliot 11
,lo!i!i Willis : S
('apt. NISBET'S Comp.
Thomas Guin 3
Michael Oury 12
Frederick Rider 3
George Cough 10
Henry Weaver 13
Peer Henry "
t'ciniail Uppaugh 3
Tolin Green 5
b.lin NIsely C<
lac.l) Vore 7
!â– in lliirsi- m:in 2
Carrie ";,
YOKK CUL'XTY.
Erouglu 346 17 '.> brought.
Anthony Xii-el\ G 3 fi William Tiiompson 2 7 6
Ez^kial Fiazer . 1 18 HiclMr.l Wehsler 4 iu
Capt. OBLAINIS' Co:iil>. li iir\ White lu lij o
Nicholas Boi-hee 10 10 .ii.ui IMfking u u
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF JAMES DICKSON, ESQ.
SUB-LIEUTENANT OF YORK COUNTY, FROM THE 20TH
MARCH, 1780. TO THE 1ST April. 1783.
James Dickson, esq. Sub-Lieut, of Yoik County, Dr.
Cont. mo. State mo. Specie.
To Militia Pines,
Reed, from sundry persons
of the 4th batalion of York
County militia their fines
for nori attendance on days
of rxeicisein the year 17SU.I.
per list. No. I. 57 3 o
Dittoof the 4th. 5th
an>i Gth classes
th Ir fine E for not
serx'iHf; their
tour, Jan. 1781.
per list No. II... 138'i9 13 10
Reed, from capt.
Elliott, on ac-
count of two se-
\en months men
that his compa-
ny were to fur-
nifh 1975
Received from
sundry iiirsons
of the 7tli class
of said battalion
their fines for
not ser\ inc: their
tour, pfr list.
No. Ill
Do. of IhL- 8'h
Class. No. IV. ..
Balance due ly th'-
state. in cont.
and specie
8-i ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries, Dr. to James Dickson, esq. Sub-Lieutenant.
Cont. mo. State mo. Specie,
wniiam Scott, esq. lieuten-
ant.
Paid him from July, 1781. to
Jan. 1783. p^r renelDts 70 «« om
Unitel Slates,
P.iid capt. Joslah
Kerr, the pay Of
his comp. from
2l£t Aug. to 14th
Sefit. 1780, at
sundry times, to
Nov. 1782, per
pay rolls and re-
ceipts 5618 13 4
Paid capt. Joslah
Ker;- for the hire
of a 4 horse team,
hauling mlUtla
bagg-age. at sun-
dry times, to
X,,\. 17S2 12itO
Paid capt. Abm.
Flatcher for his
8pr\lces and ex-
pences taking up
and securing two
deserters, May
41 h. 17S1 2-2 1.3
7071 8 .
Paid the several
captains of the
4th battalion for
services, warn-
ing the militia
to march, per ac-
counts and re-
ceipts 14 10
Paid And. Gulnn,
a 7 months man.
for his services.
In the iPt Penn-
sylvania regmnt.
Julv 1st. 1781. ... 17 10
S2 n
MlUtia Expences.
Paid capt. Joslah
Kerr, for the
7141 8 4
YORK COUNTY.
85
Sundries, Dr. to James Dickson, esq. Sub-Lieutenant.
Brought over, £
Militia Expences.
Cont. nio.
7141 S 4
State mo.
r.o U
SiH'cie.
S2
bounty of his
company, addi-
tional to their
continental pay.
to Nov. i:SL'. ^^..•
pay roll
Sl"7 8
Paid David Beat-
ty for attendance
at appeals
40 u
For his own ser-
vices, as sub- lieu t.
from the 20th of
March, 1780, to
21st June, 17S1.
employed forty-
seven days, at 25 1.
per day
1175
Paid for attend-
ance of magis-
trates at appeals
Paid for do. 30s.
6 quires of paper
15s. sundry ex-
presses with let-
t e r s £3 15 0.
clerks wages
£4 15 0. c a p -
tains for eervlocB
£17 10 0. drum-
mer, flfer, and
fuKalman. their
■wages £4 12 6.
In all 32 17
For pay from 2l8t
June. 17S1. to 1st
April, 1783, 68
days, at 12s 6 per
day 42 10
Balance due to the
state. in state
money
86
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
James Dickson, esq. Sub-Lieutenant, Dr.
State mo.
To balance of the foregoing account,. 4 3
Balance due to Mr. Dickson, in specie,
4 3
Specie.
72 9 1
72 9 1
Contra- Cr.
By balance of the foregoing account,
Ditto in continental money, G49 1 2,
at 75 for one
Balance due by Mr. Dickson, in state
money, 4 3
(I
63 16
8 13 1
72 9 1
Joseph Griffith
Jacob Bender
Jiilin Maxwell
Thnmas Long
Samuel Mickle, ...
James M'Rail
Tliomas Blackbuin.
Jonathan Hewet. .
No. I. Brought.
Fourth Battalion.
Capt. COLMERY'S Comi).
John Wright, 1 4 i;
William CarFoii 1 A r.
Hugh Adams 1 4 i;
Levy Hutton 1 4 C
Samut'l Harland 1 4
Benjamin Wright 1 4 C
I'lhn Wriuhl. Irisli I 4 (i
John Adams 14 6
Ri.bTt Elliot 1 4 G
William Griffith 1 4 C
Nathan Hammond 1 4 i;
John Wright, sen 14 6
David Joice 1 4 6
Capt. CAMPBELL'S Company.
Stephen Grlffen 10 6
Samuel Morrow 10 6
Laurence Cox 4 6
J.uiwick Wampler 1ft C,
John Livingston 4 C
James Hemphill 10 C
.lonathan Potts 1 4 c.
Wil'lam Braken 1 4 6
William Braketi, sen 14 6
Ja(i>li Malls 1 4 C
Josfpli Davisp 9
Jo«f'ph Hobson 1 4 6
Carried 2,' 10 n Carried.
2:. 10
1 4
G
14
fi
1 4
6
1 4
G
1 4
6
19
.:
19
r.
19
G
Capt POLLOCK'S Conip.
Jaci'b Oldom,
Michiel Bower
Henry Breme ^.
Thomas Tarney, ...
George Mails,
William Malls
Robert Delap
Anthony Swisher, ..
William Smith
James Smith
.lames Maxwell,
Nathan M'Grew, ..
John Griffith
Peter M'Grew
i^^onard Sidesingfr.
Findley M'Grew, .,
Adam Livingston, .,
Samuel Sturgeon, .
John Livingston, ..
19
G
1 4
G
18
G,
18
G,
r,
6
c,
fi
6
r,
c
6
6
6
9
14
4
6
YORK COUNTY
^:
BroUKln D4 3
John M'Clure IS 6
C:ipt. TATTERSON'S ('onipnny.
Andrew Mitchel 4 C
James Johnston IS 6
J.ihn Wilderntss IS C.
r~ n
No. II.
Fourth Bnttalion.
Cain. COLMERT'S Company.
Fourth Cla?F.
John Yog-er 200 i'
Jolni Adams 200 O
Fifth Class,
Robert Elliot 100
John M'Cown 201
James Dickson 20".
Robert Jrciave 200 n
Sixth Class.
John Snider 2"..'. n
William Grifliih : ?:. 17 r,
Nathan Hammond S75 17 C
Henry Wright 200
John Wrifrht. sen 39.'
Samuel .Porter 201
t a .1, C.\M]'r.I.l-r.-: 1 â– â– ni|..
Fourth Clas.s.
Joseph Bogle 2
John Reed 2'0 ii
James Weer IS". S 4
James Duffield I'O a n
Fifth Clas;^.
Abraham Brewer 10' li
George Williamson 100
Ludwic W^ampler 2G5
William Llgget 611', o
Sixth Class.
Barnabas M'Gee 100 o
Archibald Coulter 210
John Hays 200
Capt. STOCKTON'S Conip,
Fourth Class.
Francis Hobson 200 n
Fifth Class.
John M'Creery 200
Sixth Class.
Jacob Mails 2W
Joseph Daylse 100
I
Carried 545S 18 4
Brought 'â– ("â– S n 4
Jos^-iih Hobson 200 'i
Joseiih Grimth 91 12 r.
David Potts 100 ('
Ja-i,li Bender 20 >
Capt. ]'(iT, LOCK'S Comriany,
Fourth Class.
Henry Clark 131 .'. o
.\ndrew Newel 17,0 o n
Fiftli Class.
Josepli Taylor 211 'â–
Jacob Oyler 200 •â–
Sixth Class.
I'fter Tro.-piigh HG i,
Moses Blackburn lOO
Capt. KERR'S Company.
Fourth Class.
Henry Buchannan 2fiH
Fifth Class.
Aaron Wa'son 200
Lud. Elchelberger 2C0 u
Henry Vandyke I'.O «
Sixth Class.
Patrick Hagon. 200 i'
Capt. ELLIOT'S Conip-
Fourth Class.
Rob-rt Delap 20.i o
Anthony Swisher 2ii". "
William Smith 101 12 r,
Fifth Class.
John Harmon VoO
William Cooper 570
Sixth Class.
Jacob Fldler .200
Thomas M'Call 200 o
James Knox 100 2 r,
Steph. Simmerman 200
Capt. PATTERSON'S Company.
Fourth Class.
Hugh Morrison 17'
Fifth Class.
Michael Ewe -"0 '*
John Crone 240 2
James Hutcheson 240 i'
James Williamson ■• 200
Garrat Vanesdale 200
Carried 11. 32:^ 13 1)
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Brought 11,323 13 10
Sixth Class.
1 Brought,
I Joseph Dizert.
I John Griffith,
Peter M'Grew,
John Torbet 50
David Potter 200 2 6
William Mltchel 199 12 6
Matthew Camlln 200
Capt. M'ELVAIN'S Comp.
Fourth Class.
William Sturgeon 200
Christian Frett 226
Peter Shupe 200
Adam Hoof man ICO
Fifth Class.
James Marsden 200
Jacob Slinch 200
David M'Creery 250
Daniel Hooper 70 5
Sixth Class.
James Lindsay 2U0
Matthew Marsden 200
13.869 13 10
No. III.
Fourth Battalion.
Capt. COLMERT'S Company.
Seventh Class. I „ ,■,,-,,
I Samuel Mickle
John Johnston i j -William M'Elheney,
Isaac Darbrah 3 i Richard Pollock, ...
26 10
4
8
2 5
Capt. PATTERSON'S Comp.
Seventh Class.
Walter Maxwell 2
Capt. M'ELVAIN'S Comp.
Seventh Class.
Samuel M'Curdy 4
46 15
No. IV.
Fourth Battalion.
Capt. COLMERY'S Comp.
Eighth Class.
Henry Leech, 3 10
Capt. CAMPBLE'S Comp.
Eighth class.
Robert Ambrose,
John Brewer, ...
1 11 6
3
Capt. STOCKTON'S Comp.
Eighth Class.
5
3 IB
5
Capt. CAMPBLE'S Comi.,
Seventh Class.
John Livingston 4
Capt. STOCKTON'S Comp.
Seventh Class.
James Maxwell . 3
Capt. MAUGBLIN'S Comp.
Eighth Class.
Thomas Sillcks 4
Capt. KERR'S Comp.
Peter Woolford 6 10
Capt. POLLOCK'S Company.
Seventli Class.
A. Hickenloober, jun 4 William Walker 6 10
Capt. ELLIOT'S Comp.
Eighth Class.
David M'Cown :;
James Blekely, jun 3
Capt. ELLIOT'S Company.
Seventh Class.
Alexander M'Grew,
Carried
Capt. PATTERSON'S Comp.
Elgrhth Class.
John Gilbert
William Johnston,
2 10 ; James Sterling.
I
2; lu i
4
1
3
46 16 6
YORK COUNTY, S9
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF HENRY SLAGLE, ESQ. SUB-
LIEUTENANT OF YORK COUNTY, FROM MARCH 1780,
TO APRIL 1783.
Henry Slagle, esq. sub-lieuteuant, Dr.
To Militia Fines.
Cont. Mo. Specie.
Received by him, per his acknowl-
edgement from the several com-
panies of the 7th battalion, for non-
attendance upon days of exercise,
fall 1780, £10244 12 G
Ditto, their tines for do. in spring
and fall, 1781 £112 9 8
Ditto, do. 1782 36 2 9
Ditto, do. for Tour fines,
incurred between June
1780, and April 1783,
per list, 476 17 3
£625 9 S
Balance due to Henry Slagle, Carried
forward 1977 17 6
£12222 10 £625 9 8
Sundries Dr. to Henry Slagle, esq. Sub-Lieutenant.
Cont. Mo. Specie.
William Scott, esq. lieutenant.
Paid him at sundry times, froiu June
1781, to August 1783 9912 351 17 10
United States,
Paid Sergeant Houck,
warning the militia to
march. Sept. 31, 1781,.. 1 15
Capt. Sherretz, for warn-
ing out guards for the
prisoners, Oct. 15, 1781, 2 12 6
Capt. CarreT, do. Novem-
ber 28. do 2 5
Sergeant Clapsadale, do.
Nov. 30. do 1 10
Captain Furee, do. Jan. 9,
1782 10
Lieutenant Hupard, do.
July 2, do 15
Paid Sergeant Houck. for
warning out: militia,
Oct. 14. do 2 5
Do. Captain Ecke.-^, do
Oct. 26, do 2 10
Carried £14 2 6 £9912 £35117 10
90 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTEXAXTS.
Sundries Dr. to Henry Slagle, esq.
Cont. Mo. Specie.
Brought over, £14 2 C 9912 351 17 10
Paid Captain Will. do.
July 2C, 1783 15
Do. Captain Foreman, do.
do. 28, do 1 10
Militia Expences,
16
Paid officers for serving in their com-
panies, for repairing drums, for 2
new drums, wages of drummer and
fifers, an express, services at ap-
peals, paper per accounts and re-
ceipts 160 10 37 7 9
For his pay as Sub Lieutenant, from
8th June, 1780, to 21st June, 1781,
86 days, at £25 per day 2150
Do. do. from the 21st June 1781, to
the 1st April, 1783. 148 days, at
12 s .6 per day, 92 10
Balance due to the state, carried for-
ward, 127 6 7
£12222 10 £625 9 8
Henry Slagle, Esq. Dr.
To balance of the above account £127 7
Contra Cr.
By balance of the foregoing account £1977 17 6
continental money, at 75 for one 26 7 5
Balance due by Henry Slagle, esq., 100 19 2
£127 6 7
YORK L'tJVSTY
STATE OF TOUR FINES IN THE 7TH BATTAEION OF
YORK COUNTY MILITIA. ACCORDING TO THEIR DIF-
FERENT CLASSES.
11 4 6
7 10
C
i:;
11
3
"
r,
Capt. SIMON CLARE'S Compan
Fciurth Class.
John Biilhirt
Conrad Shriv>-r
Fifth Class.
An ;r'W Smiih
Jacob Helman
Thomas Owings
Sixth Class.
Peter Shriver
Peter Walter
Jacob Swoop
Paul Metzger
S-\ cntli I 'la^'-
Jacob BeUz
Jacob Clarr
Eighth Class.
Simon Malhorp
Nicholas Oulabach
Christian Hule:
Anthony Oholt
Daviri Malhorn.
Jacob Hopmai)
Jacoli HouK
Capt. MICHAEL CARL'S Cnnipany.
Fonrth Class,
Christian Hershpy 12 10 2
Fiftli Class.
John Garver !•
James Mllkr ?
Sixth Class.
Christian Bachtle 11 1-
Eighth Class.
Ludwig Wagner 3 m
John Arr.-^t m 12 C
Thomas Kellcy 3 1".
Capt. CONRAD SIIERRETZ C^mp.
Fourth Class.
Garhart Graver
George Milhln-'
Michael Bear
lll-OUght OViT
]) mii-l Diips
Fifth Class.
Jncf>;ih Backer
Ja.'ob Wilteseii
I'aiil So'(\ers
Sixth ("lass.
.l.ir.ili Flickinger
Eighth Class
.I.ihn Kitzmiler
5 10 â– ^â– â– li" Shat-
?, ''hristiaii Schnid-r
£201 9 3
9 f
2 5
9 (I
10 13 r,
7 10
1 10
3
.-. 11
2 10
3 10
7 111
2 10
2 :•
7 in
a
5 r.
1 .".
Anthon>- Wibet
Capt. MARTIN AVILL'S Com p.
Fourtli Class.
Lnrentz Snerlnger 7 10 (i
Peter Freed 19 & "
I>aniel Ftz " (i
Fifili Clas.--.
Henr\ Litll- G
Eighth Class.
l-'reilerick Bachman
Henry Sprinkle
Jnhii Win
I'hristian Rinl
Conrad Eackert
Samuel Bort
Karnt'd Bort. Jan.
Cajit. HEXRY MuOR'S Comp.
S-\.mh c la-!-.
Jacob Wlnterot 3
Eighth Class.
.Abraham Schnider 3 n
Capt. ANDREW FuREMAN'S Cmr.p.
Fourtli Class.
Leonard Weav. r 2
Fiflh Class.
S
2 10
7 in
1 12
r,
3
n
3
Henry Hearing. .
Ludwig Overleer,
Philip Working. .
Samuel Wiltesen.
Adam Funk
?, l''n-derick Mayi-r, ...
3 s x;h Ch
f, n fi
7 10 e
r.
ir,
lolin A"ondike
.Miraham Backm r
Eighth Clas
11 10 6 Ma t n Car!.
7 10 (I Ha â– man Ro it.
.0 n
.0
.-,
Carried £201 9 3
92 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Brought over £373 8 9 Brought £415 17 3
Capt. JOHN W AMPLER- S Comp.
Fourth Class.
Conrad Long
D m el Youngblut.
Fifth Class.
Christian Bowser
Sixth Class.
Peter Gundy
Eighth Class.
5
3
10 13 6
Jonathan Backner,
Robert Chester,
Jacob Backner,
Sixth Class.
Casper White,
John Grabil. .
Valtln Brifsel,
Michael Foreman.
Mathias Lower. .
Henr.\ Felyer, ...
5
2 5
3
Seventh ClaES.
Nicholas Emich.
Jacob Sower, ...
Eighth Class.
Capt. PETER ECKES Company.
Fourth Class.
Adam Sower o
William Bagher,
Jacob Wlster. ..
Carried,
£415 17 3
!)
3
9
12
;'.
2 10 u
9
1 2 6
9
Colonel Slagle hath been applied to and is required to fur-
nish a list of the Exercise Fines paid him, but it hath not yet
been rendered.
The foregoing accounts have been adjusted at different times.
JOHN NICHOLSON.
Comptroller General's Office,
December 8th, 1785.
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS
William Scott, Esquire,
LIEUTENANT
VORK COUNTY.
1783-1784.
(93)
(94)
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF WILLIAM SCOTT. ESQUIRE,
LIEUTENANT OF YORK COUNTY, FROM THE 1ST OF
APRIL, 17S3, TO 1ST OF NOVEMBER, 1784.
William Scott, esquire. Dr. to Sundries.
State Mo. Specie.
Balance due at last settlement, £.54 4 5 239 S lu
Matthew Dill, esq. Sub. Lieut.
Received of him in receipts lor mili-
tia pay, 281 4 4
Militia Fines.
Received since last set-
tlement, from sundry
persons of the first bat-
lallicn, exercise fines
incurred before 7th
April, 1783, per list.
No. 1, £107 6 10
Do. do. of 3d battalion.
do. No. 2 52 6 6
Do. do. of 5th battalion, *
do. No. 3 33 12 3
Do. do. of the 1st, 3d,
and 5th battalions,
class fines incurred be-
fore 1783, per list. No.
4 590 10 Qh'z
Received or Matthias
Eicholtz. part of a
bounty promised John
Conner, a substitute
who deserted, 3 3
786 19 li/o
United States.
Received of William Alexander, for a
grindstone which had been used at
the stockade, 1 10
54 4 5 1309 2 31/2
Sundries Dr. to William Scott, esq. Lieutenant,
.lohn Hay. esq. Treasurer York County.
Paid him on acccunt,
Aug. 1.1783 £90
May 5,1784 340 G 5
Do. Dec. 4. do 444 111
874 S 4
Carried 874 8 4
(95)
96 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries Dr. to William Scott, esq. Lieut, of York County.
State Mo. Specie.
Brought £S74 S 4
United States.
Paid Ricliard Vardin, a
pensioner disabled in
the service, November
3d, 1783, £111371/2. Jan.
3d, 1784, £5 16 9%, April
6th, do. £5 16 9%. Oct.
4th, do. £11 13 71/2, be-
ing his half pay, by
order of court, for a
vear and an half, end-
ing October 1st, 1784,.. £3.5 lOVa
Paid John Mum, for a
drum lost at camp Se-
curity, June 16th, 1784, 2 5
37 5 101^
Militia Expences.
Paid for paper, clerking,
going express, and cap-
tains for making re-
turns of male vi'hites... 7 15 9
For his own services as
Lieutenant, from the
1st April, 1783, to the
1st November, 1784, ... 228 15
236 10 9
Balance due to the state, £54 4 5,
state mo. and £160 17 4, specie,
of which about £100 represented to
be in the hands of delinquent col-
lectors 54 4 5 160 17 4
54 4 5 1309 2 ZV2
Note. — In addition to the balance of this account. Col. Scott is
to be charged with £44 8 9 Continental Mones . being fo much
more received than was charged, see list. No. 1. last account.
YORK COUNTY.
List 01 tines received by William Scott, esq. Lieuteuant.
No. 1. , No. 2.
Muster Fines.
Muster Fines.
Captain EHRMAN'S Company.
apt. KOPPENHAVER'S Comp.
Michael Carver. .
.lacDb Updegralt,
Samuel Leedy, ..
John Schemall, .
Christian Rupp, ,
Gotliep Rupp, ..
John Nipple
Jacob Updegraff,
Joseph Krast, ..
Jacob HoKzinger,
jun.,
5 12
4 4
5 12
5 12
12
3
1 8
1 2
9
1 8
15
9
1 8
Captain HAHNN'S Compaiu
Archibald M'Clean,
Ambrose Updegraff,
John Love
Baltzer Spansler,
Nathan Updegraff,
Samuel Updegraff,
George Irwin
John Welsh.
Jacob Gariner
John Meyers,
James Wotlcy, jun.
Martin Welsh,
4 4
4 4
4 4
4 4
4 4
4 4
4 4
1 a
2 16
2
Captain FORD'S Company.
Abraham Lleb.
J icob Marks,
1" tiT Dehl
Philip Spichert
Henry Yea.'-ier
Henry Sa>'.
John Drexler,
Wlreley Bentz
Henry Stouffer
John Drexler, Jun.,
Jacob Leman
John Road
3 13 6
5 3 4
4 IS 1
^23
Capt. PENNINGTON'S Company.
1 8
Captain COMFORT'S Company.
Martin Gartner,
Stephen Reep,
Jacob Welshover,
Michael Blesslnger
Henry Launls,
John Bowman,
John Isaac,
David Frees,
Jacob Launis.
Philip Gartner,
Jacob Fre?s, ..
Jacob Strlckler
Baltzer Fitz,
George Deets,
Jacob SchuUz,
Henry Fisher,
Adam Bahn,
George Cloper
George Shaller.
Christian Shroll.
I Jacob Welshover
Christian Stoncr,
', Joseph Strlchler,
1 Joseph Staltt
' Henry Strlchler, mil
Philip Thomas.
3 1 S
1 16 10
3 3 1
18
ISO
12 3
No. 3.
Muster Fines.
Captain SHERRER'S Company.
John Keller, .
George Krebs.
2 16
7
Peter Sencency,
.lar..li \\ .â– -III). in
Philip Kreaver,
4 4 Captain WHITE'S Company.
10 Christian Hershey 5 12
Carried.
9
-3fi Ser.
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTEXAXTS.
Brought,
Captain PAULEY'S Company
John Stouft'er
Capt. GlESTMAN'S Company
Jacob Folkener,
Jacob Wldeman,
George Emich, .
Peter Koontz. .
No. 4.
Class Fines.
Fourth Class.
James Bennet, .
Joseiili Way
Peter Sencency,
George Krantz. .
Francis Lamont,
Martin Weller, .
Peter Dinkle
Benjamin Willard.
Andrew Tyse
Elisha Kirk
James Lo'V'e
Daniel Spangler. ..
Baltzer Spangler. .
Jacob Eichelberger.
Daniel Harkins, ...
Peter Secats
Ulrich Eleberger. .
Michael Brubacher.
Lorantz Krone. ...
Andrew Rltter
Daniel Ham
Francis Straithoff.
Michael Shenk. ...
Carried,
3 7
7 2
13 5
6 19
10 17
7 6
Sixth Class.
2 16 I David Strait, .....
! Christian Ratvon.
Jacob Worley. ...
5 12
5
5 12
5 12
16 17
3
10 17
10 17
11 17
10 17
10 17
11 11
6 11
15 4
11 12
10 17
10 17
10 17
13 16
4
10 10
10 10
3 l.T
Seventh Class.
Nathan Updegraff.
Gotleip Reigart
Michael Law
Chrlstn. Bixler, jun.
Conrad Dull
I Jacob Whitman
John Stouffer
Joshua Hutton
Eighth Class.
John Immel, ..
John Ottlnger,
Peter Rupert.
.Tames Worley,
Francis Worley
Jacob Kepler.
Peter Meyre, , .
Joseph Bixler.
Jacob Klingman
George Geese
Jacob Bixler.
Peter Boyer.
Conrad Strlchlev
Philip Thomas.
Jacob Hoyer, ...
Jacob Stradter,
John Dorman, .
Isaac Florey, ..
John Lean
Christian HefTner,
Thomas Sparks.
George Beek. ...
Peter Howser, ..
Mich. Leibenston
John Eberhart, .
10 10
IS 7
12 6
11 1.J 2
10
4 1 10
10 10
13 3 9
10 10 u
12 ", 6
10
14 16 1
10 13 11;
12 8 4
2 5 3
10 13 9
1 10
10 16 3
10 I 8
10 16 10
10 n
4 18
16 12 1
11 6 11
5 19 S
9 7 11
5 10
11 14
9 4 4
13
10 10
5
12 1
5 5
10 10
5
10
Examined and settled,
JOHN NICHOLSON,
Compli-oller-General's Office. Dec. 10. 1784.
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS
William Scott, Esquire,
LIEUTENANT
YORK COUNTRY.
1 784- 1 786.
(99)
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STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS
OF
JOHN HAY, ESQUIRE,
SUB-LIEUTENANT
OF
YORK COUNTY.
1777-1780.
ao3)
^
(104»
JOHN HAY, Esq. late Sub-Lieutenant of York County, Dr.
To Militia Fines.
Received from the delinquents cf five
companies of the 2d battalion, 1st,
2d, 3d, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th
classes, for non-performance of mi-
litia duty, per list No. 1, 4410 15
Ditto from ditto, of the 3d battalion,
1st, 2d, 3d, 4th. 5th, 6th, 7th and
8th classes, for ditto, ditto, per list
No. 2 4565 5
Ditto, from sundry delinquents of
Col. Jamison's battalion, for non-
attendance on exercise days, per
list No. 3, 848 5
9824 5
To Col. Richard M'Callister, late Lieutenant.
Received from him, said to be a balance 151 12 6
Balance due Col. Hay, equal to £260 2 9 specie, 2353 13 6
£12.329 11
Contra Cr.
By Col. Richard M'Callister, late Lieutenant.
Paid him on account of militia fines
received March 20th. 1778 1875
Do. do. April 24th do 412 10
Paid William Scott. Esq. Paymaster,
per order, Julv 3d, do 862 10
Paid do. do. do. Aug. 20th, do. 412 10 d
Paid do. do. do. Sept. 26th, do. 337 10
Paid do. do. do. Feb. 7th, do. 2125
Paid do. do. do. Oct. 6th, 1779, 165 7
Paid himself on account of fines, Feb.
9th, ditto, 637 10
6827 17
By United States.
Paid William M'Clean for hauling
militia baggage, Feb. 2uih, 1778,... 78 10
Paid Peter Jekes for 9 blankets, do.
4th 9
Paid Peter Low for hauling militia
baggage, March 4th 54
Paid George Kann for hauling militia
baggage, Feb. 2d, 66
Paid John Smeltzer for a gun lost in
the service, Nov. 1777 3 15 C
Carried forward, £211 5 6 6827 17
(105)
lOG
ACCOUXTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Centra Cr. continued.
By United States, brought forward
Paid Cornelius Bark for apiirehending desert-
iTS, Feb. 26th. 177S
Paid Philip Waltlnger for building a hut for
the prisoners at York-Town, Oct. loth,
1777
Paid Robert Richie for warning the militia
to march to camp. Jan. 27th, 177S
Paid John Shamer, express, Dec. 9th. 1777
Paid G. Spangler, do. after d'^serters, 22d
Paid Capt. Lauman for oil for the guard, and
cartridges, ditto 22d
Paid A. Moore for making cartridges for the
guard over the prisoners, Mar. 19th, 177S
Paid R. Miller for wood for the troops, do.. ..
Paid Zacharias and Switzer. expences bringing
deserters. March 13th,
Paid Lieut. Smith and Capt. Liggett for warn-
ing militia to march to camp, Apr. 2d
Paid Conrad Limbach for hauling militia bag-
gage, April 6th
P.iid Lieut. Bushong for warning militia to
march, and riding express, April 10th,
Paid Daniel Calllfan, expences, and for taking
up a deserter from tlie continental army,
April 18th
Paid Charles Metmeen for taking up a de-
serter. April 21st
Pad Marmailuke M'Clean for twri ditio, April
23d
Paid Capt. Shaver for one ditto, 2Sth
Paid John Donnell for two ditto. 29th
Paid Abr. Reigas for one ditto. May Sth
Paid Mozer and Maxwell for one do. 9th
Paid James Robinson for one do. do
Paid Robert Allison for one d tto, do
Paid Jeremiah Ferrlle for one do. 16th
Paid Marmaduke M'Clean for one do. 17th
Paid John M'Mellen for three ditto, 23d
Paid Capt. Hahn for warning the militia to
march, May 11th
Paid Andrew "Webb for taking up a deserter,
2.'jth ditto
Paid Marmaduke M'Clean for one do. do
16 3
1 5
1 17 6
10
14 9
10
1 2
G
4 10
2 10
IVr. 10
2 S
6
12
6 10
12 n
n
6
6
6
6
6
6
18
6
6
Carried forward.
0S27 17
YORK COUNTY.
Centra Cr. continued.
r.y United States, brougrht forward £458 14 6
Paid Marmaduke M'Clean for taking up a de-
serter, May 30th, 177S 'â– " "
Paid Barney Carney for one ditt'i. June Stli, .. 6
Paid George Duffield for one do. do. lOtli " "
Paid Henry Bachman for one do. 2nd COO
Paid George Moore for making' cartridges for
the prisoners guard, ditto 5
Paid Joshua Willian.s for taking ui' a deserter,
July 9th r, n
Paid Malachi Steehley for ditto. Aug. oth <â– n '<
Paid Jacob Smearly for making inns. ,^c. for
the prisoners of war. June l.Jth. 1777 13 15
Paid Daniel Nell for retained forage, for haul-
ing militia baggage, Nov. lOtli, 177b 7 4
Paid sergeant Robinson for taking up a de-
serter, Jan. 11th, 1770 GOO
Paid Benj. Marshall for one do. Feli. 1st do.. .. 6
Paid John Campbell for two do. 2d do 12
Paid Philip "Waggoner his payroll of a militia
guard. February 23d. 1780 454 10
Paid John Boyd for his expences witli two
prisoners, deserters from luirgoyne's army,
September 2d. 1780 15
Paid Capt. Godfrey Fry for warning the mili-
tia to march, November 13lh, 177!i 15
Paid John Hay for eight months rfnt of a
guard-hous' , March 1st, 17sO 14 15
10 V
£6-27 17
1039 3 G
By Militia Expences.
Paid 6C substitutes hired in the year 1778. to
serve in the militia, per acount, 22'"i5
Paid sundr\ expresses on militia service,
judges for their services at appeals, and other
contingent charges 93 15
For his own services as Sub-I,ieutenant 495
days, charged at 2 is. per day 495
27;.C 15 6
By Military Stores.
Paid Andr-'w "Heitzog for repairing arm
Ditto do. for ditto.
Ditto. d,,. for ditto.
Ditto. do. for ditto.
Ditto Peter Wigle f.ir ditto.
Carried forward
8 10
9
1 1
C
1 13
11
c
7 5
9
£19 12
lOfiGO 10
108 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS .
Contra Cr. continued.
By Military Stores, brought forward £19 12
Ditto Michael Keller for 20 bayonet scabboards
and 17 belts delivered Capt. Lauman, 16 4
Ditto Matthias Deter for a gun and bayonet
delivered ditto 7 10
Ditto Jacob Welsham for repairing arm? 5 6 3
Ditto Andrew Hertzog for ditto, ;i 17 9
Ditto Robert Ross for hauling ditto 12
By Thomas Hartley.
l^aid him 011 account fur rcii uitiiis his regimen , 177s
By William Scott, Esq. Lieutenant.
Paid him on acount of exercise fines received from Col.
Jamison's battalion
£10,660 16
£12,329 11
List of Fines received by Jolin Hay, Esq.
No. 1.
Capt. HERMAN'S com
First class.
Ludwlg Mole
pany.
15
30
30 15
15
6
37 10
37 10
15
30
7 10
37 10
30 15
;; 1".
7 10
36 7
IS 15
John Grove
n
Second
Kernhard Hultzal"
class.
n
n
n
Third
class.
n
Fourth
class.
n
n
Henry Odingtr, ..
n
Fifth
Martin Wigle, ...
class.
Leonard Wlgle, .
AniirfW Wi'ii-
fi
Michael F.mlot. .
n
. sixth class.
Peter Sprenkle, jun
Brought forward 39S 17 6
Peter Hoke 40
Seventh class.
Michael Ebert, ..
Godleib Rigert. ..
George Sprenkle,
Josr-'ph Graybill, .
George Oyster, ..
John Hoke
Stephen Funfrock
Jacob Odenwalt,
Michael Low, ...
37 10
1.=;
15
40
37 10
40
6
6
40
Eighth class.
John Odlnger 22 10
Detrlck Roobert 7 10
Capt. CnPK.XHA i:FFi:irS company.
Flret class.
Michael Bentz
Philip Windermyi-
George â– Humrlchhouser,
John Croll,
Jacob Eresman
Leonard Wlgle,
Henry Cann
30
30
26 5
7 10
15 15
30
30
Cairied over,
Carried
)/er.
875
YORK COUNTY.
lii;»
Broughl 'orward 875 7 6
Second class.
Evan Griffith
Jacob Grove
Frederick Hake
Jolin Cauffman. Jun..
Conrad Ensmenger, ..
George Wlderecht, ..
Philip Rudlsllly
T*»trd class.
Rinc.idrd Klinf
Peter Shultz, labourer,
Fourth class
Henry Nes
Andrew Hake, .
Philip Hoseman,
Fifth class.
Christian Kinsfl
John Shramm
Jonas Rudlsllly
John Humrichhouser.
Godfrey Kin?
Sixth class.
Jacob Cauffman. .
Jacob â– \^'orlp
John Willis.
Valentine 'WiU. ..
Michael Sprenkle.
Georpe Miller Jun.
John Giavblll
Seventh class
Nicholas H^nce
John Herman
Jacob Gotwalt. jun.
Eightn class.
James Wor'ey. .. •
Andrew Hersh'-y,
Andrew Crnss. ...
Samuel Wilt
Peter Long
Jacob Hast
John Cauffman, .
Francis Worley, .
37 10
IS 1-.
37 10
20
7 10
IS 15
30
Brought forward.
Casper Knap, Jun., ..
Philip Snyder,
Killan Llchtenberger.
Andrew Kline
Peter Shaffer ,
4i
:3 n
ir.
6
18 1.-.
n
7 10
37 10
(1
40
Second class.
Henry Byer ,
Frederick Kllngeman,
George Philip Moore. .
Henry Rote
G
IS 15
3 15
IS ir.
22 10
7 10
IS 15
37 10
7 10
37 1'1 n
11 .-.
Capt. HERBAi^H'S conipan\
First class.
Third class.
Jacob Weaver. .
Jacob Bone
Adam Shanke. .,
Wl'.liam Bear, ..
Christian Bixler,
Fourth class.
Michael Melhorn ,.
Dewalt Grose ,
Samuel Grose
Christopher Grunwalt, .,
Andrew Rote
Adam Miller
40
40
27
.
7 10
37 10
7 10
7 10
o'
Fifth class.
Christian Leib,
Conrad Snyder,
Jos pli Kohler.
Jacob Knab, ...
Jost Wahl
John Rote, Jun.,
George Hlchler,
Vahntin'-- Kohhr
Adam Wilt,
Gecrg- Llchtenberger,
Adam Llchtenberger.
John Fed' r
J'llin Bryerly
Seventh class
Jolin Miller
Jacnl) Hechler
P( ter Flenberger, .
Jacob Snld r, Jun.,
Stephen Byer. .
30
GOO
7 10
22 10
11 5
37 10
11 5
r.
37 10
11 5
3 15
30 I'i
6
1".
6
G C'
:;7 10
11 5
30 15
37 10
37 10
37 10 II
IS 15
:7 10
11 5
COO
7 10
7 1»
7 10
G
30
c
15
f)
7
10
>
r,
ll
fi
40
II
Carried over. 1032 2 G
Carried o-\-er
110
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTEXAXTS.
Brouglit forward 2322 7 G
Cunraa Ginder 15
Eighth class.
Joseph Bixler 40
Jacob Klingeman 6
Philip Jacob King 37 10
William Becher 18 15
Samuel Miller 15
Nicholas BahrP 40
Capt. HIGHER'S company. '
First class.
Michael Gray 20
John Selltr 30 '
Henry Str.ckler 20 :
Martin Gartner 30 j
Philip Decker 18 15
John Higher 3 15
Abraham Coble 6
Stephen Rup 9
Second class.
Sanders Gray 37 10
Jacob Weltzhover 37 10
John Hoole 3 15
Christian Rup 7 10
Michael Blisslnger 9
Third class.
Philiri Stener 37 10
Baltzer Kongle 18 15
Fourth class.
Valentine Leaphait 37 10
John Made 37 10
Michael Cauffman 37 10
John S:rick;er 30 15
George Gipe 18 15 o
Matthias Kearman 3
Philip Gartner 37 10
Fifth class.
Michael Foncanah 18 15
John Bone 37 10 o
ChriFtian Miller 37 lo
George Frets is 15
John Weltner C
Gddleib Kongle n r.
Carried over 3133 17 6
Brought forward 31::5 17
Sixth class.
Henry Kindrich 40
Michael Dtrstain GOO
Michael Millt-r IS 15
John Snider 3
Jacob Leely l.S 15
Seventh class.
Jacob Cauffman 7 10
Peter Houser G n
Jacob Harmel 7 10
Eighth class.
Peter Byer 4'i
Conrad Strick'.er 40
Philip Thomas 6
William Alexander 37 10
Capt. WAI.I-'S company.
First class.
Daniel Flory Sn C
Michael Yesler 9 7 6
John Gravious CO
Abraham Br. okhart, 30
Michael Roody 30
Uriah Newcomer 9
Christian Shrool 15
Second class.
Jacob Brookhart. , 37 10
Christian Stoner 37 10
Henry Caldrider 37 10
George Mantil 30
Third class.
Jacob Baltzel 6
John Bowman 30 15
Christian Newcomer, 6
Wendle Wolf 6
Fourth class.
John Flory 22 10 n
David Brookhart 37 10 i)
Christian Leman 11 5
Conrad BUssinger
Philip Shultzbach 30 15
Fifth class.
Solomon Williams, jun., .. 33 15
Abraham Flory 37 10
Carried over 3890 15
YOI'.K COl^XTY
111
Brought forward 3890 l,j (j
John Herr 37 10
Jacob Frees 30
Adam Daron 25 10
Sixtli class.
Janifs Berry C
Jacob Strickler 40
George Deetz 40 o o
David Drenin 7 10
Baltzer Fitz 40
Seventh class.
Daniel CaitcliKer 6
Henry Strickler 40
Peter Beldler 40
Martin Hover 40
John Kann 22 10
Eighth class.
Daniel Neff 37 10
Simon Hotzinger 6
Isaac Flor>- SOI.', o
Jacob Flon' 24
David Mellinger 15
George Shaller 18 15
£4410 i:.
Fines collected from delinrjuents of
the third battalion.
Capt. BEAVER'S company.
First class.
Jnlm Shanliprgcr 30 o
Conrad Lever 3
Martin Keeler 3
Peter Fritt 3iJ
Michael Bemiller, 30
John Goan 7 10
John Rubert 30
Second class.
Peter Swartz
H.nry liver
Tlrich WihiT
Philip Fry
Philip Stees ,
.J"lin Kuuidis.
Carried over 261 15
37 10
37 10
(1
fi
1
r,
30
11 .-.
"
11 5
IS 10
o 15
15
u
7 10
6
Brought frirward 261 15
Gi-orge Autick 30 15 (i
Conrad Loia ij o U
Third class.
Jacob Stricklt-r 37 lo u
John Imanhiger 6 n
John Eboy
Michael Herry. jun
Nicholas Da\
Michael Du.--h
I'aul Fritt
George Poff
Frederick Leilkneohl, ...
Fourth class.
Andrew Gilbert
J. cob D-^Uinger
Philip Koan
George Aubel
Jacob Stromenger
Lorcntz Haindle, Jun.. ..
Henry Hailzer
Aaron Reighsnider,
John Leaphard
John Mude
George Gaus
Fifth class.
Henry Bare
Joseph Keh
Daniel Harkins
Peter Seacat
Henry Rool)y
Lorentz Hershinger
John Delllnger
Peter Deety
Sixth class.
Leonard Bennol C
Jacob Dey 11 ',
P>ancis Graft. 7 50 n
Anthony Heins 6 n
Michael Carious 6 n
Anthony Keller 15
Seventh class.
John Tiiam 15 o
Philiii Byer 15 u n
Ulrich Elentierger 30 "
Carried over 856 10
18 15
7 10
37 10
7 10
18 15
30
(1
6
18 15
15
(.1
C 11
6
37 10
il
(1
11
37 10
22 10
ij
11 5
II
37 111
7 10
3
1]J
ACCOUNTS OF I.IEUTENANTS.
Brought forward 8-'6 10
Philip Hune G
Adam Scandlen 3
Michael Holder 30
Frederick FUz 6
John Weber 6
Philip German 9
Fiederick Lambert 9
Eighth class.
Nicholas Bentz 6
James Heins 6
John Krone, eem 19 10
A.iam Pauls 27
Michael Slgler 6
Henry Albright C
Conrad Brewbacher SO 15
Capt. FRY'S company.
First class.
George Brown
John Frelchler
Giorge Bontz
Edward Prlen
GeorRe Michael Peter,
Michael Fishel
Christian Shewe
Second class.
\\illiam Johnstone,
Henry Jones
Daniel Stouffer, ..â–
Jacob Keller
Third class.
Henry Grunewalt,
George Deel
Jacob Koch
Conrad Kissinger,
Fourth class.
Christian Life, .
Philip Spangler.
Peter Leman, ...
Martin Weller, ..
Martin Speck. ..
Stephen Laundls,
30
SO
37 10
30
37 10
37 10
9 7
37 10
37 10
11 5
37 10
37 10
37 10
37 10
37 10
37 10
Fifth class.
Peter Wolf,
Brought forward.
I'eter Deil ,
Henry Spangler ,
Jacob Byer ,
Christian Betz
Jacob Fritt ,
lero 17 c
37 10
37 10
37 10
37 10
37 10
Sixth class.
Godfrey Sumwalt
John Rote
Matthias Stewart
Henry Barningcr,
Seventh class
John Gosler,
George Boley
Peter Peter
Eighth class.
John S:ewart
Wire Bentz
John Bush
Jacob Fliger
Nicholas Dell
Capt. FORD'S company.
First class.
John Peasley
Peter Slimmer ,
Lorentz Etter
Godfrey Loneberger
Second class.
Third class.
Peter Bose ,
Jacob Welchhance,
Fourth class.
Fifth class.
Sixth class.
James Robb, . .
Jacob Upaegraff,
Kilian Small. ..
Samu 1 Leedy. ..
Seventh class.
Jos ph Updr'graff. ..
Nathaniel Llghtner,
rincencf Imfrli. ..
Eighth class.
GOO, John Edward.
IS 1.:
18 15
40
GOO
22 10
6
15
40
40
7 10
IS 15
18 15
30
30
30
30
7 10
30
30 15
22 10
IS 15
6
22 10
37 10
G d
Carried over, 1690 17
Carried over 2446 17 G
YORK COUNTY
ii;;
Urought forward 24.6 17 6
Brought forward,
John Gohoet.
George Fry,
Cai.t. LAUMAN'S compan
First class.
Samuel Updfgraff
6 Christian I>aund s
15
Fifth class.
James Ross
Jacob Stegner
Adam Goan
307^1 5
9
CO
Second class.
John Byers, ..
Samuel Fisher,
Third class,
Abraham Gravious
Sixth class.
37 10 John Myer
37 10 Peter Oiler
Christian Haindle,
37 10
II
37 10
6
23 ,-
6
9
Fourth class.
Fifth class.
Sixth class.
Philip Endler
Jacob Miller
Martin Fry
Jac. Welchhance, gun s. ,
Seventh class.
Jacob Shock.
Jacob Bahn.
18 15
40
2i) .'.
V,
r.
30 n
40
Seventh class.
David Go( d
Philip Slifer
Peter Kissinger
Christopher Peters
Henrj' Myer
Frederick Hammer
Daniel Peterman
George Woolblch,
Eighth class.
Jacob Snearly
Christopher Slagle
Eighth class,
Peter ImsweKer
George Tise
Paul Oyer
Jacob Neff
1,-, II I!
6
r. n
7 10 II
IK 15
6
6 II
f.
6 I)
C
6
6
Capt. LIGGET'S company.
First class.
Henry Tyson
William Llgget
Craft Hermal
John Peterman
Capt. LONG'S company
First class.
George Dittenheffer
Second class.
George Wambaoh
Baltzer Shanberger
Christian Lootz
Michael Hlnies, .. .
ro I Christian Blrmyer.
Jacob Blymyer, ...
Jacob Blttinger, ...
Jacob Inners
Nicholas Eins,
Third class.
Abraham Young
Jacob Rooby
Michael Wambach
Samuel Laundis
30
ro
IS 15
26 5
22 10
11 ,'.
18 r.
15
3 7
6
9
Fourth class.
Benjamin Tyson
Stephen Slifer
Barkley Sailor
Second class.
Bastian Erig
Jacnb Fliger
John Myer
Jacob Sharer. Jun. ,
Martin Strook
1'. P
30
18 15
S 12 6
30
30
3't
18 15
7 10
37 10
37 10 fi
37 10
Third class.
William RIgert
30
Fourth class.
15 i Peter SprCTikle.
11 5 I John Rigert. ...
l.S 15
IS r,
Carritd over
8--7-3d Ser.
Carried over 3567
114
ACCOUNTS OF
Brouuht forward,
Arlam Fliichbach,
Jacob Geasey, ...
Michael Bittinger.
Frederick Fliger,
Fifth class.
Conrad Shlndler,
Jacob Reman, ..
Bernard Kouster,
Sixth class.
Henry Snell
Henry Dome
Ludwick Waltman,
John Bushong
Seventh class.
George Hardline,
Henry Fisher, ..
Ulrich Neff
Eighth class
Conrad Miller
Martin Fllnchbach,
William Miller, ...
Felix Albright, ...
Ad.Tm Flshel
o:;? 2 6
3 15
3
37 10
7 10
9 7 6
37 10
30
18 15
6
7 10
19 10
6
3
6
IS 15
e
3 15
6
8 5
Capt. HAHN'S company.
First class.
James M'Laughlln
10
30
Second class.
Michael Doudle
Philip Weltzhlmer.T.
37 10
7 10
Third class.
37 10
n
Carried over
4027 15
LIEUTEXAX'J",S,
Brought forward 402V 15
Adam Guha.s 37 10
George Stull 18 15
[
i
I Fourth class.
; Ambrose Updegraff 37 10
John Love 37 10
John Kunkie 37 10
Fifth class.
James Love 37 10
Thomas Eaton 37 10 «
Sixth class.
Simon Snider 40 c
Francis Worley 37 10
Frederick Oderho'd 11 5
Seventh class.
Nathan Updegraff 40
William Kersey 4)
John Wahle 11 5
Jacob Bamhard 18 15
Eighth class.
Xathl. Lightn-r, jun 40
Christopher Sh^aley 15
William Welch 40
£4565 5
Received for d.^linquents fines for
non-attendance on days of exer-
cise in Col, Jamison's battalion,
paid to William Scott, Lieute-
nant 848 5
£848 5
Comptroller-General'.s Office, }
March 22 d, 178.3. ^
JOHN NICHOLSON.
STATE 01- THE ACCOUiSTS
Lieutenants [and Sub-Lieutenants
WESTMORELAND COUNTY.
1777-178^
(115)
<116)
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF ARCHIBALD LOCHRY,
ESQ. LATE LIEUTENANT.
Archibald Lochry, esq. Lieutenant, Dr. to Sundries.
To David Dittentiouse, esq. treasurer Cont. mo. State nio.
of the state,
Received from him bv order of coun-
cil, Sept. 10, 1777 £1500
Do. do. Nov. 27, do 500
Do. do. Dec. 30, do 500
Do. per col. C. Hays.
March 1778, 50
Do. per Samuel Sloan,
June 2d, 1780, 10000
12550
Do. for the recruiting service in state
money, Feb. 12, 1781 250
To the hon. Matthew Smith, esq.
Received from him for the defence of
the frontiers. May 29, 1779 7500
To col. James Perry, sub-lieutenant,
Received from him on account of
fines received, 123 2 it
To Christopher Hays, esq. sub lieutenant,
Received of him to defray expences
on the Indian expedition '. (! 100 u
To militia Fines.
Received from sundry delinquents for
substitute fines, to Feb. 1781.
Note, There have been no fines in-
curred in the battalions of said
county for non-attendance upon
days of exercise 740 8
To John Proctor, esq. paymaster.
Received of him to pay the two rang-
ing companies, Feb. S, 1779 375
Amount - £21288 10 350
Sundries, Dr. to Archibald Lochry, esq. sub-lieuienaut.
Capt. Joseph Irvine,
Paid him by colonel Davis, per ac-
count settled 3750
Carried 3750 <>
(117)
118
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTri.
Sundries, Dr. to Archibald Lochry, continued.
Brought over,
Cent. mo.
3750
State mo.
Capt. William Guthrie,
Advanced in July and August 1780,
for the recruiting service at sundry
times to himself. 4500 dollars, his
subalterns, viz. lieutenant John
Jameson, 2894 dollars, and ensign
John Forsyth, 1396, do. in all
3296 5
Lieut. John Cummins, of the ranging
company,
Paid him for the recruiting service,
March 10, 1781
112 10
United States,
Paid capt. John Hinkson
for paying his company
raised for the defence
of the frontiers, Oct.
15, 1777, 150
Paid Robert Rayburn for
corn for horses bring-
ing flour to fort Wal-
lace for the troops, .
Nov. 16, 1777, 11 3
William CaldweP for
do. do. 20. do 5 9
Abraham Hendricks con-
ducting prisoners to
gen. Hand, &c Sept. 16, 2 15 3
For a blanket taken for
the continental service,
do 4
Charles Forman, in part
for provisions, Oct. 16,. 15
For forage for the light
horse, Sept. 1. do 4 p
Col. Barr for a blanket,
Oct. 29. do 4
John Hinkson, in part
for pay due to his com-
pany, do. 17, do 100
AVm. Lochry, for forage
for his horse in the ser-
vice do 8
Carried, 288 12 3 7046 5
112 10
WESTMORELAND COUNTY. 119
Sundries, Dr. to Archibald Lochry, continued.
United States, Cont. mo. State mo.
Brought over, .... £288 12 3 7046 5 112 10
For carriage of stores,
Sept. 22, 1777 10
Samuel Craig in part for
provisions purchased
Oct. 15. do 12
Ber. Henry for driving
conti. cattle, Nov.9, do. 6
Daniel Kerr for services
done at Fort Hand,
Sept. 1, do 13
Thomas Armstrong for
carriage of provisions,
do 3
George Moore, an express,
Jan. 22, 1781, 6 5
Robert Knox for carry-
ing ammunition, Jan.
23, 1778, 47
John Hinkson, captain, a
balance of pay due his
company, Oct. 24, do... 135 16
Daniel M'Clintock for
carriage of provisions,
Feb. 9, do. 6
Robert Knox for car-
riages, Jan. 7, do 29 5
Do. for forage, do 1 5
John Kern express by
col. Broadhead's order.
May 10, 1779 18
Thomas Campbel express
to Philad. Jan. 1, do.,.. 25
Wm. Rolston. express to
col. Broadhead, April
15, 1780 11 5
Capt. Wm. Lochry of the
light horse for forage,
Oct. 25, 1777 35 14 2
Robert Barr in part for
provisions for the mili-
tia, Jan. 15, 1778 200
831 5
Carried over, 7877 5 5 112 10
120 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTri.
Sundries, Dr. to Archibald Lochry, continued.
Cont. mo. State mo.'
Brought over 7877 5 5 112 10
John Palmer,
Paid him on account of provisions
for Palmer's fort, 1778, 103
Daniel M'Clintock,
Paid him to purchase provisions,
1777, £50, and 1778, £200, 250
James Pollock, esq. sub lieutenant.
Paid him at sundry times in 1777, on
account, 28
Thomas Galbraith, esq. of Westmoreland,
Paid James Pollock for a like sum
he paid T. Galbraith, received Oct.
1777, for carrying on the public
works at Ligonier, 72
Col. Christopher Hays, sub lieutenant,
Paid him bv David Rittenhouse,
April 1778 50
Military Stores.
Paid sundry persons at sundry times
for 74 rifles, 6 muskets, and for
repairing and transportation of
arms, 1349 10 S
Militia Expences,
Paid for clerks wages to
March 1780, substitutes
hired to serve in the
militia, expences of ap-
peals, expresses, officers
of militia for services,
in their companies, al-
moners, and other con-
tingent expences, allow-
ed by the auditors, 6782 4 4
For his own services as
lieutenant from 6th
April 1777, to 20th
March 1780, employed
765 days 1932 15
8714 19 4
Paid Christopher Hays,
esq. sub-lieutenant,
from 7th April 1780, to
Carried £18441 15 112 10
WESTMORELAND COUNTY.
121
/
i
Sundries, Dr. to Archibald Lochry, continued.
Cont. mo. State mo.
Militia Expences, Bro't ov. 18441 15 112 10
to 22d Feb. 1781, em-
ployed 11 days at 12 s 6,
state money, 10 12 6
Paid capt. James Clarke
for his services warning
classes, attending courts
of appeal, &c. &c., .... 20
Allowed for his pay as
lieutenant, from March
20, 1780, to March 20,
1781 106 17 6
Balance due by col. Lochry, 2846 15
137 10
100
21288 10
350
Dr. The Estate of Archibald Lochry, esq. late Lieutenant, de-
ceased.
To £2471 15 0, received at the value of mo-
ney by the scale of depreciation, in June 1780
when the last payment was made him 6iy2
and 375 at 10 for 1, received in Feb. 1770,
To an error noted in the above accounts; as set-
tled by the late auditors of accounts, wherein
col. Lochry has credit for 72 1. paid by him to
James Poilock, per receipt. Oct. 1777, to re-
imburse him that sum paid to Thomas Gal-
breath, and also credit for that sum again
vouched by said Galbraith's receipt to Pollock,
which he became possessed of. when said Pol-
lock was reimbursed as above, £72, at 3 for 1,
and sundry other errors, per account
For an error in settlement of his accounts report-
ed to the General Assembly, Feb. 18, 1783, be-
ing for 30 1. Paid by John M. Nesbit, to John
Kerlin of Chester county, reimbursing him for
a like sum he paid Archibald Lochry, in Feb.
1777, at IV2,
Specie.
77 13 9
34 10 8
20
Due by the estate of A.
money, and in specie
Lochry. 100 1. state
132 4 5
122 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
STATE OF ACCOUNTS OF EDWARD COOK, ESQ. LATE A
SUB-LIEUTENANT, AND NOW LIEUTENANT OF
WESTMORELAND COUNTY.
Edward Cook, esq. Dr.
Cont. mo. State mo.
To Sundries,
To David Rittenhouse, esq. treasurer.
Received per order of council, per
col. Christopher Hays, for recruit-
ing a company of rangers, Feb. 7,
1782, 250
To Militia Fines.
Received from sundry
persons substitute fines
in 1777,and 1778, 170
For a balance due to said
Cook, reduced to £1 2,
specie, 66
236
Received from sundry
persons of the second
battalion, fines for non-
performance of militia
duty, between May 1780
and April 1783. Vide
list. No. 1, 65
For fines incurred in said
battalion within the
aforesaid time, said to
be yet unpaid and out-
standing, 38 12 6
103 12 6
Balance due to col. Cook, 146 4 6
£236 499 17
Sundries, Dr. to Edward Cook, esq.
John Cummins, lieutenant of the
company of Westmoreland rangers.
Paid him for the recruiting service,
WESTMORELAND COUNTY. 123
Sundries, Dr. to Edward Cook, esq
Cont. Mo. Specie.
July 11. 1782 30
Wm. Cooper, ensign of the company
of Westmoreland rangers,
Paid him at sundry times for the
recruiting service, between Mar.
and Nov. 1782 132 17 6
United States,
Paid Mr. Cochran for his
services carrying up
money to recruit the
ranging company, Feb.
1782 3
For provisions delivered
capt. Stokely, for the
use of his company, ... 1 5 10
Samuel Finley, for the
carriage of clothing
for the ranging com- ....
pany, 10 7 6
Hugh Goudy ensign of
militia, for one months
service 7 10
A number of persons kept
out as spies on thefron-
tiers to give notice of
the enemy 67 10
Robert Barr, Joseph Ster-
ret, and Wm. Cunning-
ham, for services at
sundry times ordering
out the militia 8 12 6
Richard Wallace for a
horse taken in actual
service, by the enemy,. 18
Ufi 5 10
Militia Expences,
Paid sundry persons ex-
pences holding appeals
warning militia, and
other contingent char-
ges, 114 5
For his own services as
sublieutenant from June
114 5 279
124 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries, Dr. to Edward Cook, esq. continued.
Cont. Mo. Specie.
MilitiaExpences.Bro't over, 114 5 279 3 4
1777, to March 1780,
employed 64 days 121 15
236
Paid Benjamin Davis and
Josepli M'Garraugh,
esqs. for their services
at appeals, 12 5
For his own services as
sub lieutenant, and af-
terwards as lieutenant,
from May 1780, to 1st
April 1783, employed
286 days, 199 16 8
212 1 8
Militia Fines,
For the balance due by the state in '. . ' â–
continental money, reduced to
specie, 1 2
Military Stores,
Paid James and Andrew Linn, and
James Sterret for carriage of arms
and ammunition 7 10
236 499 17
List of Fines Received by Edward Cook, Esq.
Second BattaUon.
C.ipt. ALLEN'S Company.
John Lindsay, 3
Capt. LYNX'S Company.
Join Laughlin. ..
Gideon Walker, .
Samuel Martin, .
Samuel Jackscn
Joseph Tomllnson,
Thoma.s Brown, .
Samuel J(nes.
Carried,
5 5
2 12
5 6
10 10
2 2
5 5
5 5
S9 1.-.
Bj ought over,
Tho.iia.'? Jones, ..
Bazel Brown, ...
Oshey Brashen,
39 16
5 5
5 5
B 5
Capt. VANMF.TER'S Coinpany.
Philip Refeneugh,
Samuel Holms, ..
3 15
3 15
Capt. KYLE'S Company.
Henry Foster 1
Capt. MORTEN'S Company.
Juhn Ingle 1
6J
WESTMORELAND COUNTY. 125
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF JAMES PERRY, ESQ. LATE
A SUB-LIEUTENANT.
James Perry, esq. Sub Lieutenant, Dr.
To Militia Fines.
Cont. Mo.
For fines incurred by sundry persons for non-per-
formance of militia duty, in the years 1777,
1778, 1779, and 1780, 546 5
Sundries, Dr. to James Perry, esq. late a Sub Lieutenant.
Col. Archibald Lochry, late lieutenant,
Paid him out of fines received in 1779 123 2
Militia Expences.
Paid sundry expresses, substitutes,
judges of appeals for their services,
and other contingent charges, .... 262 10 6
For his own services as sub lieuten-
ant, until he ceased to act, from
June 1777, to May 1781, employed
111 days 160 12 6
423 3
546 5
126
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
STATE OF ACCOUNTS OF JAMES PObLOCK, ESQ. LATE
SUB LIEUTENANT OF WESTMORELAND COUNTY.
James Pollock, esq. Dr.
To Archibald Lochry, esq. lieutenant of West-
moreland county.
Received of him at sundry times on account,
Balance due by the state, equal to £15 12 6,
specie,
28
46 17 6
74 17 &
Sundries, Dr. to James Pollock, eeq.
United States,
Paid Robert Carlisle, 7 s 6, Evan
Jones, 5s, John Hannah 5s. Nicho-
las Cripple, 2s 6, James Moore, 20s.
Robert Curry, 20s. and William
Logan, 10s for his services as ex-
presses, 3 10
Paid capt. Martin for hire of 3 men
opening a road for continental wag-
gons, hauling ammunition and
stores to col. Mounts's, per receipt,. 12 6
4 12 6
Military Stores,
Paid for repairing arms for the militia,
Militia Expences,
Paid sundries for taking in returns of
the militia,
Paid substitutes to serve in the mili-
tia
For his own services as sub lieuten-
ant, emploved 58 days, from April
1777, to May 1778, at 20s,
5 10
6
5S
15 6
69 10
74 17 6
WESTMORELAND COUNTY. 127
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF WILLIAM COCHRAN, ESQ.
LATE SUB-LIEUTENANT.
William Cochran, esq. Lieutenant, Dr.
To Militia Fines,
Received from John M'Crady his fine, Feb. 1778,. . 5
Balance equal to £2 2 8, specie, due to W. Cochran, 6 8
11 8
Contra, Cr.
By Militia Expences.
For his services as sublieutenant, em-
ployed 4 days, 2 8
Paid sundry persons for their services
as judges at courts of appeal, per
account, 9
11 8
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF CHRISTOPHER HAYS, ESQ.
SUB LIEUTENANT.
The hon. Christopher Hays, esq. Dr. to Sundries.
Cont. mo. State tno. Specie.
David Rittenhouse, esq.
treasurer,
Received from him by order
of the auditors, the bal-
ance of an areount. settleil
April 1781 <3^ 2 C "00 000
Do. by order of council, as
part of his pay as a mem-
ber. April 15,1781. 20
Do. fortlip defence
of the frontiers.
May 2. do 3000
Do. belnR the resi-
du" of K>"i:. si-nt
to Fowler and -Xm-
Carried 3200 00 435 26 000 000
128 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Christopher Haj^s, Esq. Dr. to Sundries, Continued.
Cont. mo. Slate mo. Specie.
Brcught over,. 32C0 00 435 26 000 000
berBon by him,
which they do not
acknowledge to
have received of
him. May 3,1781, 28 8 3
Received by order of
council, a balance,
Oct. 14, 1783 41 14 6
Do. to pay for trans-
porting arms and
ammunition from
Philadelphia to
Conococheague,
for the defence of
Bedford, West-
moreland & Wash-
ington counties,
March 9, 1782, . . 18 15
Do. per John Urmsby
forfurnlshlny pro-
visions for running
the line with Vir-
ginia, April 22... 150
By orders of council,
being balances due
April 14, 1789. £50
19 10, specie,
£143 7 9, do. .. 194 7 7
327 2 9
3«< 2 7
To Archbald Lochry, esq. lieutenant.
Received of David Rlt- ... ■;■;•-' ' -
tenhouse, esq. which jt=: >â–
was charged to his ac-
account, April 1778, 50 â– .,,,..
. Militia Fines,
Received from sundry '
persons their fines In-
curred for non perfor-
mance of militia duty,
per list 237 7 6
Do. the fine of Thomas
Jones for do. 201. conti-
nental monev, equal to
(1781) 023
722 10 3270 2 9 363 4 10
WESTMORELAND COUNTY. 129
Sundries, Dr. to Christopher Hays, esq. sub-lieutenant.
Contingent expences of Government, for 1782.
Cont. mo. State mo. Specie.
For his account of provisi-
ons, labourers, and other
Cfxpences, running the tem-
porary line between this
state and Virginia, 200 i9 10
Pay of officers of jrovemment
for 1781,
For his attendance In coun-
cil from 17th Feb. till 2d
May 1781, and mileage .24 15
Mllltao' Stores.
Paid sundry persons for haul-
ing ammunition, arms
and cloathlng for the de-
fence of the frontiers, for
ammunition boxes and
arm chests, and for re-
pairing arms 4J8 10 26 18 6 37 10
United States,
For rations and salt supplied
to the rangers and mllltia,
Sept. 11. 1782 33
Militia Expences,
Paid for substitutes to serve
In the mllltia, expresses
on public business, judges
for services at courts of
appeal, captains for ser-
vices In companies, per
account, 177 12 6
For his own pay as
sub lieutenant
from 2Sth April till
7th August 1779, . 85 7 6
26-1
Paid expresses and clerks
wages, £1 12 6 specie,
and £14 16 state money,
and for his own services
as sub lieutenant from
Carried over 458 10 150 13 6
9-7--3d Ser.
130
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries. Dr. to Christopher Hays, continue;!.
Militia Expences, Brgt over,
18th June 1781, to the 1st
April 1783, employed 151
days per account,
Balance due to the state on
the foregoing accounts.
Note, Col. Hays hath pro-
duced a number of vouchers
and accounts for disburse-
ments. In discharge of this
balance; but they need some
further explanation
Cont. rai..
45S 10
Sta'e mo.
150 Vi 6
Amount,
3270 â– 2 9
Specie.
272 9
List Of Fines Received by Christopher Hays, Esq.
Robert Brown
Anthony Uoilance, ...
Benjamin Gilbert
John Decamp
Simon M'Grew
Moses Blackburn
Matthew Fowler
Joseph Blackburn 10
Jos. Blackburn, Jun.,
Carried ''' H 6
2
10
2
6
10
2
6
2
10
2
6
10
2
6 :
10
2
G
10
2
6
10
2
6
Brought over,
Will Haye for Finley M'-
Grew
Do. for P. Studabaker
Do. for The. White
Do. for B. Gilberts
Peter Vagley
Peter Studabaker
John Irwin
20
WESTMORELAND COUNTY. 131
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OB^ ALEXANDER M'CLEAN,
ESQ. SUB LIEUTENANT.
Alexander M'Clean, esq. Dr.
To Militia Fines.
Received of John Mooi'e. 17s 6. and Ebenezer
Finley: 15s. their fines in capt. Powers com-
pany,
1 12 6
Balance due to col. M'Clean, 11 12 C
13 5
Contra, Cr.
By Militia Expences.
For his own services as sub lieutenant between
May and Sept. 17S2, and for cash assumed to
pay judges of appeals for their services, and
other contingent charges 13 5
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF CHARLES CAMPBELL. ESQ.
SUB-LIEUTENANT.
Charles Campbell, esq. Sub-Lieutenant, Dr.
To Sundries, Cont. Mo. Specie.
The state Massachusetts Bay,
Received from the government there-
of, on his way home from captivity
for the purpose of relieving his dis-
tresses, three hundred dollars, Oct.
16, 177S, 112 10
Militia Fines.
Received of Matthew Jack, esq. she-
riff, for Charles Fiscus. a fine for
embezling a set of colours belong-
ing to the militia 30
Balance due to col. Campbel, equal to
£109 17 specie 329 5 2 6
£441 1.5 30 2
132 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries, Dr. to Charles Campbell, esq.
Cont. Mo. Specie.
United States,
For his pav while a prisoner, from
the 25th "Sept. 1777, to IGth Nov.
1778, 416 days, at 20s. and 12 days
returning, 428
Militia Expences,
Paid for taking returns
of 2 townships, per re-
ceipt 2 2 10 '^
For his pay as sub lieu-
tenant, from April to
Sept. 1777, 11 5
13 15
Do. from Nov. 1778, 'to
April 1783, 7 10
Paid officers for services
in their companies and
batalions, justices and
freeholders for their
services at appeals, and
expresses, 22 12
30
441 15 30 2
Examined and settled.
JOHN NICHOLSON.
Comptroller General's Office,
Philadelphia, Sept. 16, 1783.
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS
Edward Cook, Esquire,
LIEUTENANT
WESTMORELAND COUNTY.
1783-1784.
(133)
%S
(134)
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF EDWARD COOK, ESQUIRE,
LIEUTENANT OF WESTMORELAND COUNTY, FROM 1ST
APRIL, 1783, TO THE 1ST JUNE, 1784.
Edward Cook, esquire, Dr.
To militia Fines,
Received from sundry persons, tlieir fines, per Specie.
list, amounting to £91 12 G
Balance due by the state, 267 9 6
359 2
Contra Cr.
Balance due April 1st, 1783, 14G 4 G
Militia Fines,
For sundry fines not received, charged in last acct. 38 12 6
United States,
Paid Joseph Robeson, for a rifle gun
lost on Lochry expedition, Oct. 11,
1783, 7 10
The brother of Michael Campbell,
for a horse, a gun, and sword, do., 53 10
Samuel Craig, for a gun, do G
James Dunsheaih, for a horse, saddle
and bridle, and tomahawk, do. Ju-
ly 1, 1783 IS 15
Major Samuel Wilson, for a horse lost
in actual service, at taking of Han-
na's Town, do 35
John Ormsby, for ferrying militia
over ihe Monongahela May 1, 1784, 1 15
; 122 10
Military Stores,
Paid for carriage of lead, and repairing arms, .. 8 17 6
Militia Expences,
Paid Isaac Vertress, for his services,
as express 2 5
For his pay, as lieutenant, from the
1st April, 1783, to the 1st of June,
1784, emploved 65 days, at 121 G. .. 40 12 6
42 17 6
359 2
(135j
136 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
List of Fines received by Colonel Edward Cook.
Brought over
First Battalion.
Capt. WOODROWS Company.
John Buck
Jonathan Cooper,
6 6
5 5
Third Battalion.
Capt. STEWART'S Company.
David Parkhlll,
John Boyd
John Mentor, .
5 6
5 5
5 6
Capt. MITCHELL'S Company.
John Blackburn,
James Clarke, . . .
John Kelly
Daniel Cossady, .
Earth. Fitzgerald,
First Battalion.
Capt. M'CLELLAND'S Co.
John Nichols, Jun 5 5
Carried £57 15
57 15
Second Battalion.
Capt. ALLEN'S Company.
Joshua Jenkins 5 5
Capt. LINN'S Company.
Joshua Dickson,
John Scantling, ,
John Miller
John r. r,,iiy, .
George Smith, .
6 5
10
10
10
5 6
Capt. VAN METER'S Company.
Moses Thompson 5 5
Capt. MORTEN'S Company.
James M'Crachen,
Ephraim Stanford,
3 7 8
3 7 6
Capt. STERRETT'S Company.
John Esturgess,
Minor Esturgess,
Joshua Martin, .
2 12 6
5
5
£flll2 6
Examined and settled,
JOHN NICHOLSON.
Comptroller-General's Office, May 31, 1784.
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS
SUB-LIEUTENANTS
WASHhXGTON COUNTY.
1781-1783.
(137;
a38)
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF JAMES MARSHALL, ESQ.
LIEUTENANT OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
James Marshall, esq. Dr. to Sundries.
David Rittenhouse, esq. treasurer,
Received from him by order of the auditors of
accounts, the amount of his account for his ser-
vices and expences, settled by them, Dec. 21,
1781 £131 10
Militia Fines,
Incurred by sundry persons for non performance
of militia duty, ber.ween March 1781, and 1st of
April 17S3, viz. the second battalion for the
whole time aforesaid; the third and fourth from
the commencement to the 1st of Oct. 1782; and
the 5th from the said commencement to the 1st
of April 1782; of which the sum of £81 14 8,
has been received agreeable to list, No. 1, the
remainder £238 4, is represented to be yet out-
standing 319 18 8
Balance due by the state, 156 8 4
Sundries, Dr. to James Marshall, esq.
Militia Expences,
For sundry contingent charges, such
as stationary, members for atten-
dance at courts of appeal. &c 21 5
Paid sundry expresses sent with or-
ders to the sub lieutenants, and of-
ficers of militia upon several occa-
sions, for clerk hire, members for
their services at appeals, and other
contingent charges 117 15 6
For his own services, as lieutenant
of the county, from the 18th April
1781. to 2Gth March 1783. employ-
ed 511 days, at 15s. per day, 383 5
607 17
521
Carried, ^22
(139)
140
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries, Dr. to James Marshall, esq.
Brought over, 522
Military Stores,
12
12
18
1 4
12
2 5
3
5 6
Paid sundry persons for the carriage of arms and
accoutrements, &c. per acount, 41 18 6
United States,
Paid Daniel M'Geehan, express to
gen. Irvine at Pittsburg, Jan. 1782,
Do. do. June 14, do.
Do. for warning the classes, do. 10, do.
Thomas Nichols, for his services as
pilot to the volunteers against the
Sanduskies, do. 28, 9
John Slover and Jonathan Zanes for
do. do., 18
Abner Wilson for warning the classes
to duty, do.
William Donachy for do. July 8, do.
John Donachy for medicine and at-
tendance upon wounded militia
men do. 17th do.,
Henry Moore, for do. Nov. 5,
Ferriages and expences waiting on
the commandant at Pittsburgh, in
order to consult measures for the
safety of the frontiers 7 10
43 13
607 17
LIST OF FINES RECEIVED BY JAMES MARSHALL, ESQ.
Joseph Wells,
John Jenkinson, .,
Isaac Jenkinson, ,
Abraham Smith. ,
William Wilson, .,
James Young,
Joseph M'Dermltt,
10 10
Brought over £52 10
Valentine Klndor 10 10 i Martin M'Kean,
: Rczin Pumphrey,
George Vinemon,
William M'Graw,
John :\)'Kntire, .
John Lane
Daniel Jacolis, ,..
Carried £52 10
5 5
6
1 15
3 17
5 5
5 6 •
1 17 8
81 14 8
WASHINGTON COUNTY. 141
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF JAMES MARSHALL, ESQ.
LIEUTENANT OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
Of the £238 4, specie with which col. Marshall's account was
charged at last settlenien;, being outstanding fines, he does
not represent, that any part hath since been collected.
Sundries, Dr. to James Marshall, esq.
Balance due at settlement of 2Gth March 1783, af-
ter charging to his account, £238 4 specie
fines, said to be outstanding 15G 8 4
United States,
Paid sundry persons employed as
spies on the frontiers to watch the
approach of the enemy, for their
services, per account, April to
Sept. 1783 303 13
Paid the assignee of William West, for
a black mare taken for the use of
the spies, and unavoidably lost,
appraised. May 31, 1783 8 10
Alexan'der Wells, for 6V4 cwt. of
flour, issued to militia, do. 17, 4 13 9
Robert Marshall, for a saddle, bri-
dle, and 2 bags for the use of the
spies, April 29, do., 4 10
321 6 9
Military. Stores,
Paid Francis Lesnut for carrying am-
munition, do
Militia Expences,
Paid for stationary, and to expresses, 4 8 6
Paid for his services as lieutenant,
from 26th March to 27th Oct. 1783,
employed 2 days at 15s. & 49 days
at 12s 6, 32 2 6
8 4
3G 11
A.mount due, 514 14 5
142 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF JAMES ALLISON, LATE
SUB LIEUTENANT OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
James Allison, Dr.
To Militia Fines,
Received of John Swan, a fine due by him, being
all tiie fines incurred from thie commencement to
tiie end of his appointmeni,inthe 3d battalion, 5 5
Balance, S 2 6
13 7 6
Sundries, Dr. to James Allison, esq. Sub-Lieutenant,
United States,
Paid sundry persons for summoning officers to
rendezvous at certain places, in order to march
against the Sanduskie.-, 2 2
Militia Expences.
Paid Henry Taylor and Alexander
Edie, 10s each, for their services
at appeals, William Ledlie for
clerking one day, 10s. r.nd 8s. for 2
quires of paper 1 18
For his services as sub lieutenant,
from 9th July 1782, to the 1st of
April 1783, 9 7 6
11 5 6
13 7 6
WASHINGTON COUNTY. i43
STATE OF ACCOUNTS OF MATTHEW RITCHIE, ESQ. SUB-
LIEUTENANT.
Militia Expeuces, Dr. to Matttiew Ritcliie, esq. sub lieutenant,
For his services as sub lieutenantfromthetime of
his appointment, to the 1st April 17S3. employ-
ed 23 days at 12s 6 14 7 6
Note, the amount of fines incurred, per the accounts of col.
Ritchie, is £73 10, specie, of which Le represents that no
part hath been paid.
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF WILLIAM PARKER, ESQ.
SUB LIEUTENANT.
William Parker, esq. Dr.
To Militia Fines,
Received from the following persons of the 5th
battalion, their fines for non performance of
militia duty, viz. Alex. Mackentire, £1 18 6,
David Johnson, £2 9. Anth. Speck, £1 15,
John Huffman, £5 5, and from capt. James
Hopkins, in consequence of a judgment of a
court martial, £4 10, 15 17 6
Balance due to col. Parker 70 12
86 9 6
Contr-i Cr.
By United States.
Paid and assumed to pay sundry persons for mili-
tary services, per account, and vouchers 25 15
Carried 25 15
144 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Sundries, Dr. to William Parker, esq.
Brought over, £25 15
Militia Expences,
Paid and assumed to pay for clerk
hire, members for their services at
courts of appeal, stationary, and
expresses, 20 14 6
For his own services during his ap-
pointment, as sub lieutenant, em-
employed 64 days, at 12s 6, 40
60 14 6
86 9 6
Note, The fines incurred in col. Parker's district. 5th battalion,
to 'the 1st April 17S3, which are yet unpaid, amount to
£697 11, specie.
The Accounts of Wm. M'Cleary, esq. Sub Lieutenant of Wash-
ington county, have not been yet rendered for settlement.
Examined and settled,
JOHN NICHOLSON.
Comptroller General's Office, April 5, 17S4.
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS
OF
John Gloninger, Esquire,
LIEUTENANT_,
OF
DAUPHIN COUNTY.
1785--1788.
(145)
10--7--3d Ser.
(146)
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(147)
55
148
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
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DAUPHIN COUNTY.
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150
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
LIST of FINES received of the several Battalions of Dauphin
County.
Col. JOHN RODGER'S B.ittallon.
Cupt.
MICHAEL BROWN'S Com-
pany.
Henry Zlegler, £5 10
George Seider, .'i in (i
Christian Selder 5 10
Peter Weirick 5 10
John Serger 5 10
William Rough S 10
George Mourer 10
Jacob Serger, 1 10
John Rough 5 10
Conrad Meyer 10
John Shup 10
Jacob Zent 2
Capt. GEORGE LOWER'S company.
Abraham Brand 5 10
George Spalsback 4 10
Adam Hammacker 3 10
Christian Landis 2
Jacob Landls 3
David Brand 5 10
Daniel Baum 1 10
John Snelder 3 10
John Perst 5
Abraham l.^nili.'^ 3 10
Frederick Stall 5 10
Philip Hammaker 1 10
Samuel Hammaker 2 10
Jacob Strlckler 5 10
Daniel HoUinger 2
Frederick Buck 1 15
Jacob Stouffer 2
John Stouffer 2
Chrl.'Jtian Stouffer 2
John Snelder, 2
John Landl.s 1
Jacob Singer 2
Carried forward, 110 15
Bro. forw £110 15
Capt. JAMES WILSON'S company.
Valentine Balsbach 2
Abraham Horst 2
Frederick Barley 4
Capt.
DANIEL BRADLEY'S com-
pany.
Henry Shuey
Abraham Wingert, .
George Unger
Christian Wingert.
John Breighblel
Martin Bugher
Peter Walmer, jun.
Adam Goodman, ...
George Meas
Daniel Miller
Peter Beshoar
Ludwick Zehring, ..
John Simons
Christian Berckey. .
Joseph Berckey
Peter Gingrich
John Royer
Frederick Beshore, .
John Wallmer
Henry Brunner
Cipl. AMBROSF: CRKAN'S company.
6
6
6
6
6
4
6
2
5
2
2
2
4
6
4
4
2
2
4
4
John Roads
Christian Berckey,
10
10
Capt. ROBERT M'CALLEN'S com-
pany.
Christian Sanner 3 10
Ludwick Bail 4 10
Carried over 211 15
DAUPHIN COUNTY.
Bro. forw £21115 Bro. forw.
M't.
ROBERT M'CALLEN'S com-
pany, cont.
John Landls
(jeorge Henry
\endel Henry
^â– alentine Keattring
I'brey Weltmore.
Abraham Weltmore
Christian Stoner
John Forneh
Jacob Bowman, Sen
Henry Bowman
Joseph Nafsker
Henry Wray
Christly Beenj
("bristly Cooper
Chrlstly Nafsker
Abraham Petellon
Peter Farneh
John Palm
John Praght
Jacob Ebey
Michael Keattrlng
John Cooper
John Hay
Henry Landis
Joseph Folgate
Andreas Branslcar
Christly Henry
Daniel Longnecker
Chrlstly Landls
Jacob Lehman
John Lehman, paid do
Jacob Nafsker
Jacob Longnecker,
3 10
5 10
5 10
5 10
4 10
fj lu
u
4 ]il
u
3 10
5 10
5 10
5
5 10
•1 10
2 10
1 10
4 (1
5
2
4
4
7
iri
u
1 10
1 1,T
2
2
2
1
2
u 1.:.
1
Leonard Kehlar,
Thomas Clark, .
Her.rj' Baylor, .
151
£320 i:.
1 10
4
1 II
Col. JOHN GLONINGER'S Uattalion.
Capt. DAVID KRAUSK'S company.
Samuel Moore,
George Baylor,
4
1
Carr'.ed forwaril £320 1.5
Capt, MICH. HOLDERBAUM'
pany.
John Albreght
Henry Knoll
John Knoll
Peter Franck
Christian EUenberger
Jacob Eshelman
John Nafsker
Christian Neff
Peter Grehblel
John EUenberger
John Shallenberger
Michael Meyer
John Miller
Henry Neff
Jaodb Ellenberper
Jacob EUenberger, jun., ..
Christian Eyer
Michael Cryder
Peter Heilman
Henry Meyer,
Martin Meyer
John Raser
John Cryder,
3
2
c
5
1
1
2
4
2
Capt.
PETER ENSMINGER'S com-
pany.
Late Capt. JOHN ORTH'S company.
Christian Long fp
John Burckholder 5
John Relsh 5
Ubrey Burckholder, n
Abraham Bowman 5
Henry Long 3
Christian Burckholder 5
Herman Long 5
Peter Farneh
Carried over £459
5
152 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Bro. forw £459 5 Bro. forw £586 5
Capt. PETER ENSMINQER'S com-
pany, cont.
Peter Yorty
Rudy Behm
Emanuel Sander
Jacob Sander. Sen
Henry Dohner
John Stehor
Abraham Long
Ubrey Burckholder
Martin Cryder,
Peter Snevely
Peter Reish, Jun
Peter Wlttmer. Jun., ..
John Burckholder
Jacob Behm, Jun.,
Jacob Helsey
Henry "Yorty ,
Henry Heisey
Martin Heisey ,
Michael Gingrich,
John Yortey
Christian Gingrich
Michael Gingrich. Jun.,
Jacob Sander, Jun
Jacob Creltter
Christian Heisey
Jacob Creltter, Sen
Jacob Dohner,
Christian Burckholder,
Jacob Yorty
Jacob Cryder
John Dohner ,
George Creltter ,
Adam Steover
Christian Baghman
Jacob Cryder
John Selller
Peter Heisey
John Steover
Capt. GEORGE . BOWMAN'S com-
pany, continued.
George Strohm, . .
John Strohm
Jacob ShefCer
Abraham Krall, ..
Lorentz Houtz, ...
Abraham Dlel,
Henry Strohm,
Abraham Smutz, .
John Smith
Jacob Light
Matthias Smutz. .
Jacob Houtz
„ I Joseph Bamberger,
Henry Ebey
Martin Imhoff
Christian Smutz, .
Peter Meyer
Matthias Crall. ....
Michael Heisey, ...
ijohn Light
Michael Miller, ...
Daniel He;s?y ,
George Eble ,
Isaac Sheffei
Jacob Dohner
Jacob Light
George Bayler
John Light
Henry Light
Henry Smith
Capt.
GEORGE BOWMAN'S com-
pany.
Henry Rudy.
5
5
3
1
5
5
5
4
5
5
3
4
5
5
3
2
3
1
1
5
4
4
2
5
.-,
fl
1
2
1
2
(1
5
3
Carried forward, £5SC 5
Capt. JACOB MEILEY'S Company.
John Kunckle 6
David Peffley ' i; o n
Martin Shuey 6
Ludwick Shuey 6
Henry Light 4 10
Christian Shuey G
Jacob Keller 3
Abraham Strohm 6
Kr.i. forw £733 1,1
DAUPHIN C01?NTY. 153
. .. £733 15 Oi Bro. forw £885 15
Capt.
JACOB MEILEY'S company,
continued.
Capt.
MATTHIAS HENING'S com-
pan\ . cont.
John Groh
Jacob Neycommer. ..
Christian Zerlng ,
Adam Bender ,
Christian Wolff
Christian Breghbiel, .
John Lentz
Samuel Hunsrickcr, ..
Jacob Fawber
Christian Hunsricker.
Christ;an Stettfer, ...
Jonas Rudy
John Light
Christian Lentz
Jacob Oberholtzer, ...
Ubrlck Krall
Philip Welier
Peter Pots
Casper Shirk. Jun., ..
John Kohr, Jun
Christian I'ljerhollztT.
Abraham Lentz
John Holdiman
David Peflley. .lun..
Peter Smith. Juii
Jacob I'eltley
Peter Groh
Jacob Girst
Jacob Gunckle
Daniel Beshoar
Joseph Bipsler
Capt. MATTHIAS HENING'S com-
pany.
"William Rough 6
John Fawber 4
Henry Light 6
John Beshore 6
Killian Long 3
John Uiubacker C
Josep'i Kneagy. S-^n 6
6
3
6
3
6
6
1
6
3
C
3
6
6
2
5
5
5
1
1
1
1
G
i;
u
3
?.
1
2
2
4
3
Hnnosly Wingert
Tobias Lehman
Henr\- Dups
Jacob Brand
ITbrey Kneagy
Devvalt Gerst
Christian Kauffman,
Dletrlck Heckman, ..
Jacob Fisher
Henry Brubacker, ...
Daniel Raser
Christian Franck, ...
Casper Feeman
John Long
Oeorg ' Heilman
Tobias Lehman, Jun.
Philip Fawber
John Mies ,
Abraham "Wingert. ..
Henry Fux
Peter Kenny
John Beshore
.lohn Wingert
J hn Spittler
C.eorge Huber ,
Henry Mies
f'rederick Beshore, ..
P.iul Been
Isaac Snevely
Ja<ni) Snevely
John Snevely
HENRY SHEFFER'S com-
pany.
6
4
6
6
6
3
6
5
5 10
6
6
G
2
2
10
2
2
D
1 10
6
6
G
4
3
3
2
2 10
1
1
5
5
2
Carried forward £885 15
John Meyer
Michael Grehbiel,
Jiilin Shenck, jun.,
John Hemigh
i:errk'f Emmert, .
.Iiihii Shenck. sen.,
I'lirisiian Reeser,
4 10
5 10
5 10
5 10
4 10
Carried over,
. . £10,;S B
154 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Uro. forw £1038 5 Bro. f or .v £1164 15
Cai't.
HENRY SHEFFER'S
pany, cont.
Capt.
SAMUEL COCHRAN'S com-
pany, com.
George Klein, ...
Christian Welse,
Henry Welse, ...
Henry Krall
Adam Feehman, ,
Benjamin Landls,
Capt. LEONARD IMMEL'
John Lantz
Herunimus Rudy
Christian Kenlgh
Christian Beyler
.lacob Farneh
Peter Benetum
3 10 Jacob Brown, ...
5 10 Ludwick Dagon,
5 10 Henry Alleman, .
5 10 I Philip Greiner, ..
3 John Roop. sen.,
2 I John Haggard, .,
Christian Swartz,
company.
G
5
6
5
6
Col. THOMAS MURRAY'S Battalion.
Capt. JONATHAN M'CLURE'S com-
pany.
Frederick Oberlander 2 10
Abner Wtckersham 5
John Fisher 2
Thomas Stubbs, 3 o
5
5
1 10
3
4
Capt. WILLIAM JOHNSTON'S com-
pany.
John Brown 1
Frederick Swartz '>
Peter Bobb 5
John Hershy 4
Capt. MICHAEL LIMES company.
John Buck 4
Martin Houser 5
Stophel Soop 3 u
John Rutherford 10
Conrad Berry, 1
George Sheets « 5
George Page 5
Jacob Good "1" "
il n-y Shiep 10
Capt. SAMUEL COCHRAN'S com-
pany.
Christopher Alleman 15
Christian Flecklnger 5
John Roop 5 o
Jacob Roop 5
Christian Roop 5 o
Abraham Neldlgh 5
Jacob Fisher 5
John Mumma 5
Jacob Noop 4 10
Michael Bumberger 1
Peter Roop 5
John Neesly 3 10
Felix Landls 4
Nicholas Alleman 5
Carried forw, £11G-1 15
I apt. GEORGE M'MULLAN'S com-
pany.
.1 col) Miller, ...,
John Meader
John Knlsly
William Hogan.
William Cochran,
Thomas Linglft, ,
Christian Page, .
ipt. ARTHUR BELL'S comi)any.
5
5
2
15
5
3
3
Alexander Douglas,
Robert Armstrong,
Carried over.
DAUPHIX
Bto. forw 122'i 15
Capt. DAVID MQUEEN'S comi>an> .
Colonel JACOB COOK'S Bittaiiun. |
i
•Christian Buck 1 0'
Mlchaol Francis 11". hi
Ab.ahani Longneckcr 2 IJ
I
r..\. JOHN" RODGER'S PJattalion.
€»]■■■MICHAEL I;R0WX'S coni-
pan.w
4tli. class. Georero Wall-
me . 11 9 C
t'.tli. do. Jnnol) Serger 10 10
I
!
f'aiil. OEORGE IjOWER'S company. |
!
5th class. Daniel Baum, .. 15 1 |
r-a|.t, ROBERT M'CALLEX'S com-
pany.
,p.hn Ni^^li 10 17
iM-iifl ].o:'f.'iHM I;.-!- 2 IC
Col. THOMAS i;p\VARD'S Battalion.
Capt. BALZ1:R ORTH'S company.
Peter Heisey 18
Herman Long 1 8
C.Hpt. CASI'KK STEEVl'^R'S com-
pany.
Jacob Dealer 1 8
David Peni.y. .Tun 1 f>
Capt. MATTHIAS HENIXG'S com-
Jiany.
John Beshoar. .lun 1 S
John Mies 1 8
Carried forward 12D1 6 6
COUNTY. 155
i:rot. foiwd 1-91 >'< i)
Capt. JOHN STONE'S cunip.
George Strohm 1 S
Abraham Smut/, 2 liJ
J icub Sheffer 1 i^ "
Abraham Krall 1 S
Michael Miller 1 S U
John Light, Jun 1 8
Georg'e Baylor 1 8
I 'ol. THOMAS MURRAY'S Battalion.
Capt. J.\MKS MURRAY'S company.
John Thomas, 3 IT C
Capt. SAMUEL COCHRAN'S com-
pany.
Stophel Poorman 1 4
Henry Deatcr 12 3
Capt. ROBINSON'S comp.
Peter Pancake 1 -S
Cul. JACOl: COOK'S Batt.
Cai't. liAA'ID M<jri',i:N-S c<.mi'aii>
Christian Buck 4 4
Michael Frantz 1 S
Abraham Longnecktr, o 6
Capt. M'KEE'S company.
Joseph Prim 15 9
Col. JOHN RODGER'S BatiHon.
Cap. MICH. BRO"n'N'S comp.
â– \Vllliam Rough Ill
George Nowver 1 C 7
John Shup 1 11
Simon Minich 1 11
Cap. DAN. BRADLEY'S comp.
Peter Reiver 1 4 3
£132-. r, 4
156 ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
The account of JOHN GLONINGER, Esq. Lieutenant of
Dauphin County, from March 1787, to September, 1788,
John Gloninger, Esquire, Lieutenant, Dr. To Sundries.
Balance of account settled, £171 10 8
Militia Fines,
Received from sundry persons per account here-
with 32115
£493 5 8
Contra Cr.
By United States.
Paid Vency Dunlap, on account of a
pension ordered by orphans court.
August 24, 1787 £4
Ditto, do. do. 22, do. 7 5
By David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treasurer.
Paid him on account of fines, No-
vember 22. 1787, £21 13 5
Ditto, do. April 29, 1788, 30 13 8
Militia Expences,
Paid Peter Fredly, commissions on
fines returned out-standing which
the preceding collector had receiv-
ed as perreceipt, delivered by Frid-
ley, (charged to said collector,) ... 1 10
Do. Cap. James Kelly.do. Aug.30, 1788, 10 16 10
Paid express hire, stationary, wages of
adjutants, drummers and fifers.silk
and making four stand of colors, for
repairing company drums, for print-
ing advertisements making annual
returns of the militia and of absen-
tees, repairing arms and accoutre-
ments 182y2lb. powder, making 9930
cartridges, for 13 drums and 12
fifes, &c. per account, 226 14 10
For his own pay from 15, March 1787,
till Sep. 9, 1788, employed 169 days
at 12s 6, 105 12 6
344 14 2
Balance due to the state 84 19 5
£493 5 8
11 5
52 7 1
Examined and settled,
JOHN NICHOLSON.
Comptroller General's Office.
March 19, 1789.
DAUPHIN COUNTY.
i:.7
Account of Fines Received Dauptiin Count}
Col. SAMUEL JONES'S Battalion. Brot. forw
£6j 15
Capt. JACOB MEILY'S company.
David Peffly £3
John Holdeman 3
Ludwick Shuey 3
Christian Shuey i
Jacob Genst 11",
John Kohr 2
Nicholas Albeit 3
JaC' b Newcon.e 3
Jacob Overholtzer 3
Peter Smith, Jun. 3
Christian Wolff 3
Jacob Kunckle 2 15
Nicholas Ger--t 2 lo
John Holdeman. Jun 3
David Peffly. jun 2 15
Martin Shewy 3
John Light 1 15
Henry Llgrht 115
Christian Lentz 10
John Lentz 2
Christian Hunsricker 1 l.i
Samuel Hunsricker 10
Capt.
MELCHIOR BEHNY'S com-
pany.
Capt. MELCHIOR BEHNY'
lian>-. cniitnnuMl.
Frederick Rudy
Jacob Fisher, jun.,
I.Tael Long
Ubrey Knegy
I 'apt. M.\TTHi.\S IlK.M.Xi
pan\-.
Jacob Brand
John Befchore
Henry Fu.\-
Dewalt Gcrst
Christian Kauffman
Henry Brubacher
Daniel Rastr
Christ an Iranck
William Rough
Isaac Snevely
Abraham Wingert,
Henry Light
Killian Long
John Brubacher
Jacob Snevely
John Snevely
Peter Kenny
Christian Steckly
1
15
2
1
1
:
3
1 r
1 (1
1 U
1 U
1
1
2 !â–
1 i;
1 "
1 II
2
2
1 (I
1
John Beshore 10
Dewalt Gerst 2
Pfter Kenny 2
Killian Long 2 n
Christian Bigsler 2
Jacob Brand 2
Jacob Fisher 15
Henry Brubacher 2
William Rough 2
Christian Pranck 2
Jacob Ke'.ler 5
John Spittler 1
Carrlfd forward, £69 15 o
Capt.
DANIEL BR.\DLEY'
I'any.
H-nry Shuey 3
Abraham Wingert 3 ••
George Unger 1
Chrlstan Wingert 1 o
John Brightbi.l 3 d
John Simon 1
Joseph BTkey, .. , ,. 1 ii o
Peter Gingrich 3 i'
John 'SA'alimer 3 o
Carried over, £11S 5
158
ACCOUNTS OF LIEUTENANTS.
Erot. forw £11S 5
Brot, forw ,. £16:
DANIEL BRADLEY'S com- ' Capt. MICHAEL LIME'S company.
jiany. ontinut-cl. continued.
Peter Wallmer 3
Henry Brunn-r 3
Adam Goodman 1
Alartin Bucher 1
George Uhland 10
Capt. YALEXTIKE SHOUFFLER'S
company.
Jacob Houtz 1
John Houtz 1
Jese Poor 1
Capt. JOHN REIGHARD'S company.
Henry Ziegler
Georpe Seider
Christian Seider
John Serger,
William Rough
John Rough
John Roads,
John Sheep
Adim Klein,
Simon Llngle
Henry Rough
Jacob Zent, Jun
George Unger. .... —
John Road
Christian Berkey, sen.
Christian Berk=y
John Simon
Martin Bucher
2
3
3
3
3
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
15
Martin House r, jun.,
George Fockler, Jun.,
George Minlch
I.iroi, Lann s
Daniel Cooper
Abraham Meyer
Vendel Fockler
M
Capt.
SAMUEL COCHRAN'S com-
pany.
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
10
1
Abraham Neidlch,
John Roop
John Neidlch
Jicob Roop
Abraham NtlJleh, ,
John Mumma,
Christly Roop,
Christly Fleckinger.
Pr ter Roop
Christly Swartz
John Neesly
Capt. RICHARD SWAN'S company.
Jacob Miller 2
Thomas Langle 2
Christly Page 2
Capt. PATRICK HAY'S company.
Col. THO.MAS MURRAY'S Battalion.
Capt. MICHAEL LIME'S company.
John Buck. 2
John Miller 2
Carried forward 166
John Lehman
Jacob Lehman, ... —
Peter Landls
John Landls ,
Chrl?;tly Landis,
Abraham Landis
Michael Huber
Georg-e Spelsbai k
John Spelsback
Carried oyer 216
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
2 10
1
DAUPHIN COUNTY.
£210 Bro. forw.
Capt. PATRICK HAT'S company,
Frederick Buck. ..
John Snyder, sen.,
William Bale
Jacob Landis
Henry Wray
Jacob Longnecker.
Adam Hammaker,
Peter L^'hman
Henry Huber
Henry Landis
John Perst
Capt. JAMES CLUXIE'S cmpany.
Jacob Stouffer
2
n
Felix Landis
2
2
Christly Stouffer
2
10
n
Ludwick Hereof
5
n
Martin Neesly
John Stouffer
2
10
Christian Kauffman,
John P^rst
1
1 10
Col. MURRAY'S, formerly
c.il. ELDER'S Battalion.
Capt. SAM. CdCHRAN'S compain
John Conser,
John Fisher, ..
Henry Alllman,
1 S
1
18
Capt. MICHAEL LIME'S company.
l.J9
i2G-. n
Cai.t. ARTHUR BELL'S company.
James Foulk,
John Hatneld,
Capt. ROBINSON'S company
John Miller, .
Daniel Cooper,
Jacob Houser,
1 S
1 S
ISO
Capt. DAVID M'QUA'S compa-i»-,
formerly of Col. COOK'S Batta â–
Ion.
Michael Shanck,
Michael Frantz,
S 13
3 10
Capt. ROBERT M'KBE'S compa'iv.
formerly of Col. COOK'S Battal-
ion.
Henry Bricker
Frederick ShafEner,
Christian Blough, .
Daniel Shelly
John Reeser, Jun.,
Jacob Rise
Jacob Mltzer
John Frev
2 ;6
7 6
2 16
7 6
h IS
4 10
2
1
Capt. ROB. M'CALLEN'S comaany.
formerly of Col. RODGER'S Bat-
talion,
John Miller
5
;'.
.-.
2
n
Peter Ball
Jacob Miller, Jun
John Welker
1 15
Vendei Fockler
Samuel Fox
10
Genrt^e Fockler
''
S21 15
Cirried forward, ...
. . . . f 2
r. 1 1
n
u
«160)
STATI-: OF THE ACCOUNTS
OK
George Clingan, Esquire,
TRKASURER
OF
FRANKLIN COUNTY.
178:^-1788.
(161)
ll-7--;;d Ser.
(162)
State of the Accounts of GEORGE CLINGAN, Esquire, Treas-
urer of Frankin County, from the time the County was erected
until 1st June, 1788.
In the Funding Tax 1785.
George Clingan, Esq. Treasurer,
Dr. To Assessments of Taxes.
For the amount of the duplicates, £2562 2
Balance due to G. C 29 9 11
250
110
101
4
13G
15
3
330
16
9
138
5
9
100
Supra Cr.
By Assessments of Taxes,
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treas.
Apr. 10th. 178C. ... £151
Ditto May 19th
Ditto July 6th,
Ditto Aug. 11th,
Ditto Octo. 2d
Ditto Apr. 20th, 1787,
Ditto Sep. 22d
Ditto June 7th, 1788.
Balances due from delinquent Collectors viz.
Peters, Hugh M'Kee 69 6 5
Montgomery, Thomas Kennedy 101 7 2
Lurgah, Gavin Morrison 169 4 9
Guilford, Peter Fry 98 8 7
Washington, Frederick Foreman, . . . 127 18 11
Antrim, Samuel M'Culloch 275 12 8
Franklin. William Sharon 26 6 3
Hamilton, William Dixon 100 18 7
Letterkeney, George Stinger 175 4
Fanet. Nathaniel Paul 129 4 8
2591 10 1
1318 1 9
127:3 S 4
2591 10 1
(163)
1(34 / ACCOUNTS OF TREASURER.
State of the Accounts of GEORGE CLINGAN, Esquire, Treas-
urer of Franklin County.
In the Funding tax 1786.
George Clingan, Esq. Treasurer,
Dr. to Assessments of taxes.
For the amount of the duplicates, £2459 9 1
Balance due to G. C 50 3
2509 12 1
Supra Cr.
By Assessments of Taxes,
Paid David Rittenhouse. Esq. Treas.
Feb. 15th, 1787, . . .
Ditto Apr. 20th,
Ditto Sep. 22d,
Ditto Mar. 21st, 1788, . . .
Ditto Apr. 26th
Ditto May 30th,
£57
110 19
8
102 16
1
48 2
51 18
9
214 8
7
Bal. due from delinquent collectors, viz.
Montgomery, Joseph Vanleer £119 16
Washington, Peter Ripper 215 7 5
Peters. Robert Wilson 251 1 10
Guilford, David Hindman 116 14 4
Letterkeney, John Immel 216 9 9
Franklin. Michael M'Anulty 80 6 5
Hamilton, Matthew M'Dowell, 199 18 9
Fanet, Joseph Kilgore 152 6 8
Lurgan, William Turner, 104 16 10
Southampton, Conrad Fishburne, ... 154 18 11
Antrim, Joseph Shively, 312 9 8
585
1924 6 7
2509 12 1
In the Funding Tax, 1787.
George Clingan. Esq. Treasurer,
Dr. to Assessments of taxes.
For the amount of thf^ duplicates £2309 11 6
Balance due to G. C 47 4 9
2356 16 3
FRANKLIN COUNTY. 163
State of the Accounts of GEORGE CLINGAN, Esquire, Treas-
urer of Franklin County, In the Funding tax of ]787.
continued.
Supra Cr.
By Assessments of Taxes,
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treas.
Jan. 5:h, 1788, £135 1
Ditto, 71 10
20C 1 10
Balances due from delinquent collectors, viz.
Washington, Solomon Segrist 168 11 6
Guilford. John Thompson 174 10 6
Peters, Alexander Clendening 215 8 7
Franklin, Benjamin Swain, 118 2 4
Letterkeney. John Henderson 74 12 8
Ditto, Nicholas Patterson 162 i 9
Fanet, Pa. Davidson 203 12 4
Hamilton, John Buzzard 166 11 1
Antrim, John Miler 330 17 8
Lurgan, 83 7 3
Montgomery, Jere Rankin 310 4 8
Southampton 142 11 1
2150 14 5
2356 16 3
Balance Account.
George Clingan, Esq. Treasurer, Cr.
In the funding tax, 1785, £29 9 11
Ditto, 1786, 50 3
Ditto, 1787, 47 4 9
£126 17 S
State of the Accounts of GEORGE CLINGAN. Esquire, Treas-
urer of Franklin CouHty, from June till December, 1788.
In the Funding Tax 1785.
George Clingan. Esq. Treasurer,
Dr. to Assessments cf taxes.
For Balances outstanding last settlement £1273 8 4
166 ACCOUNTS OF TREASURER.
State of the Accounts of GEORGE CLINGAN. Esq. Treasurer of
Franklin County, from June till December, 1788. Continued.
Supra Cr.
By Assessments of Taxes,
By balance last account, £29 9 11
For balances outstandinp from delinquent collectors, viz.
Peters, Hugh M'Kee 69 6 5
Montgomery, Thomas Kennedy, 101 7 2
Lurgan, Gavin Morrison, 143 8 9
Guilford, Peter Fry 98 8 7
Washington, Frederick Foreman. ... 119 12 11
Antrim, Samuel M'Culloch 272 10 8
Franklin, William Sharon 26 6 3
Hamilton, William Dixon 94 S 2
Letterkeney, George Stinger, 175 4
Fanet. Nathaniel Paul 129 4 8
1229 13 11
Balance due by G. C 14 4 6
£1273 8 4
In the Funding Tax 1786.
George Clingan, Esq. Treasurer,
Dr. to Assessments of taxes.
For balances outstanding last settlement £1924 6 7
Supra Cr.
By balance last settlemen-, £S0 3
By Assessments of Taxes,
paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treas. Aug. 7th. 1788, 72
For balances due from delinquent collectors, viz.
Montgomery, Joseph Vanleer 80 1 1
Washington. Peter Ripper 211 13 5
Peters. Robert Wilson 169 10 4
Guilford. David Hindman 116 14 4
Letterkeney. John Immel 199 12 9
Franklin. Michael M'Anulry 75 6 5
Hamilton, Mathew M'Dowell 199 18 9
Fanet. Joseph Kilgore 152 6 8
Carried over 1205 3 9 122 3
FRANKLIN COUNTY. 1G7
State of the Accounts of GEORGE CLINGAN. Esq. Treasurer of
Franklin County, in tlie Funding Tax of 178t;. continued.
Supra Cr.
Bv Assessments ot taxes. Bro.forw. £1205 3 9 122 3
Lurgan, William Turner, 85 2 10
Southampton, Conrad Fishburne, . . . 154 18 11
Antrim, Joseph Shively 312 9 8
1757 15
Balance due by G. C, 44 8
£1924 6 7
In the Funding Tax 1787.
George Clingan, Esq. Treasurer,
Dr. to Assessments of taxes.
For balances outstanding last settlement £2150 14 5
Balance due to G. C, 109 9 2
£2260 3 7
Supra Cr.
Balance due at last settlement. 47 4 9
By Assessments of Taxes,
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treas.
Mav 14th. 1788 62 17
Ditto, Oct. 3d 150
212 17 «
Balances due from delinquent collectors, viz.
Washington, Solomon Seagrist 119 12 6
Guilford, John Thompson 169 9 6
Peters, Alexander Clendening, 215 8 7
Franklin, Benjamin Swain IIS 2 4
Ij9tterkeney, John Henderson 74 12 8
Ditto, Nicholas Patterson 118 IS 5
Fanet, Pa. Davison 19C 4 2
H.imilton, John Buzzard 160 11 1
Antrim, John Miller 330 17 8
l.u'gan S3 7 3
Montgomery, Jere Rankin 2G4 6 7
Soui.hampton 142 11 1
2000 1 10
£226(1 3 7
168 ACCOUNTS OF TREASURER.
State of the Accounts of GEORGE CLINGAN, Esq. Treasurer of
Franklin County, in tlie Funding Tax 1787. continued.
Balance Account.
Dr. George Clingan, Esq. Treasurer, Cr.
In the tax 1785 £14 4 6 In tax 17S7 £109 9 2
Ditto, 1786 44 8 5
Bal. due to G. C, 50 16 3
£109 9 2 £109 9 2
Examined and settled,
January 4th, 1789.
State of the Accounts of GEORGE CLINGAN, Esq. Treasurer of
Franklin County, From December 1788, till 10th January
1790.
In the Funding Tax of 1785.
George Clingan, Esq. Treasurer,
Dr. to Sundries.
To balance of last account £14 4 6
By Assessments of Taxes,
For balances due at last settlement from delin-
quent collectors 1229 13 11
Balance due to G. C 2 5 8
1246 14 1
Supra Cr.
By Assessments of Taxes,
Paid David Rittenhouse. Esq. Treas.
Julv 1st, 1789, ... £75
Ditto, Aug. 8th 24
Ditto. Sep. 21st 27 5
126 5
Balances due from delinquent collectors, viz.
Peters, Hugh M'Kee 69 6 5
Montgomery. Thomas Ke.medy 45 16 7
Lurgan. Gavin Morrison 143 S 9
Guilford. Peter Fry 98 8 7
Carried over £357 4 126 5
li'ANKLIX COUNTY. Ki''
State Of the Accounts of GEORGE CLINGAN, Esq. Treasurer of
Franklin County, In the Funding Tax of 1785, continued.
Supra Cr.
By Assessments of taxes, Bro. forw. £357 4 12G 5
Washington, Frederick Foreman, . . . 103 6 11
Antrim, Samuel M'Culloch 245 3 8
Franklin, William Sharon, 26 6 3
Hamilton, William Dixon 100 18 7
Letterkeney, George Stinger 162 18 8
Fanet, Nathaniel Paul 124 4 8
1119 19 1
1246 4 1
In the Funding Tax 1786.
George Clingan, Esq. Treasurer,
Dr. To sundries.
Balance last account ; £44 8 5
Assessments of Taxes.
For balances outstanding last settlement 1757 15 2
Supra Cr.
By Assessments of Taxes,
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treas.
Sep. 21st. 1789, ... £28 13 9
Ditto, Oct. 26th 83 13 2
For bal, due from delinquent collectors, viz.
Montgomery. Joseph Vanleer 80 1 1
Washington. Peter Ripper 190 6 7
Peters. Robert Wilson 1.^)9 14 8
Guilford. David Hindman 101 14
Letterkeney, .Tohn Immell 199 12
Franklin, Michael M'Anulty 75 7
Hamilton, Matthew M'Dowell 184 7 7
112 6 11
Carried over £90') IG 11 112 6 11
170
ACCOUNTS OF TREASURER.
State of the Accounts of GEORGE CLINGAN, Esq. Treasurer ot
Franklin County, In the Funding Tax of 1786, continued.
Supra Or.
By Assessments of taxes. Bro. forw. £990 16 11 112 G 11
Fanet, Joseph Kilgore 146 7 10
Lurgan, William Turner, 77 13 10
Southampton, Conrad Fishburne, . . . 147 15 4
Antrim, Joseph Shively, 310 13 4
1673 7 3
Balance due by G. C, 16 9 5
1802 3 7
In the Funding Tax 1787.
George Clingan, Esq. Treasurer,
Dr. to Assessments of taxes.
For balances due from delinquent collectors £2000 1 10
Supra Cr.
By balance from last settlement
By Assessments of Taxes,
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treas.
Oct. 26th, 1788, ... £28 6,
Ditto, Jan. 14th, 1789, ... 60 1 8
Ditto, Apr. 24th, 60
Ditto, May 23d 18 5
Balances due from delinquent collectors, viz.
Washington, Solomon Segrist, 87 10
Guilford, John Thompson 167 18
Peters, Alexander Clendening 162 4
Franklin, Benjamin Swain, 118 2 4
Letterkeney, John Henderson 59 7 9
Ditto. Nicholas Pattersou, 83 2 1]
Fanet, Pa. Davison, 166 7 11
Hamilton, John Buzzard 166 11 1
Antrim. John Miller 321 12 2
Lurgan, 65 14 9
Montgomery, Jerre Rankin 183 7
Southampton 120 2 4
Balance due by G. C,
109 9 2
166 2 7
1701 11 1
22 19
£2000 10 10
FRANKLIN COUNTY. 171
State of the Accounts of GEORGE CLINGAN, Esq. Treasurer of
Franklin County, in the Funding Tax of 1788.
In the Funding Tax 1788.
George Clingau, Esq. Treasurer,
Dr. to Assessments of taxes.
For the amount of the duplicators, £2378 6 7
Supra Cr.
By Assessments of taxes.
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treas.
Dec. 26th.l788, ... £20 10
Ditto, Feb. 12th. 17S9, ... 16 10 9
Ditto, Apr. 7th 162 2 2
Ditto, Oct. 28th 22 3 2
Ditto, Christian Febiger, Esq. Treas.
Feb. 1790 59 9 6
280 15 7
Balances due from delinquent collectors 209G 13 3
Balance due by G. C 1'^ 9
2378 6 7
In the Funding Tax 1789.
George Clingan Esq. Treasrrer,
Dr. to Assessments of taxes.
For the amount of the duplicates, .. £2370 18 9
Supra Cr
By Assessments of taxes.
For the amount of the duplicates uncollected as
aforesaid, 2370 IS 9
172 ACCOUNTS OF TREASURER.
Balance Account.
Dr. George Clingan. Esq. Treasurer,
In funding tax 1786 £16 9 5 , In funding tax 1785,
ditto 1787 22 19
ditto 1788 17 9 Balance due by G. C.
£40 2 ,
Cr
£2
h 8
: S8
6
£40
C 2
Examined and settled,
JOHN NICHOLSON.
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS
David Rittenhouse, Esq.,
TREASURER OF PENNSYLVANIA.
1788.
(I7;i)
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(352)
STATE OF THE ACCOUiNTS
John Baker, Esquire,
TREASURER
CITY AND COUNTY OF PHILADELPHIA.
1786-1789.
(353)
23-7-3d Ser.
'Sip'*
(354)
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF JOHN BAKER. ESQ.
TREASURER OF THE CITY AND COUNTY OF PHILA-
DELPHIA.
in the funding lax of 1786.
John Baker, Esq. treasurer, Dr. to assessments of taxes.
For the amount of the duplicates of the first and
second half years of said tax, £21451 13
Balance carried to account of the tax 1 V8G, on
pleasurable carriages, 1551 12 11
23003 5 11
Contra Cr.
By assessments of taxes.
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treas-
urer, July 1st, 1786, £1077 13 1
Do. Do. August 8, Do. 901 10
Do. Do. September 20, do. 1165 8 6
Do. Do. October 6, Do. 459 5
Do. Do. February 16, 1787, 2727 3 7
Do. Do. March 28, Do. 1786 8 9
Do. Do. July 16, Do. 41;>1 18 11
Do. Do. Do. 18, Do. 387 11 4
12636 19 2
Paid pensions to the widows of officers of
the army and navy, who died In actual ser-
vice, per acounts and receipts 577 iq q
Balances due from collector's duplicates.
viz i..,t half 2d half
Amount new-market
ward £963 18 S 963 18 8
Received of James
Rowan, collector, .. [il3 10 ,'. 417 16 5
4S0 8 3 516 2 3
4r.O 8 3
Balance due,
Carried forward.
(355)
356 ACCOUNTS OF TREASURERS.
Brought forward £966 10 6 13214 9 2
Amount of dock-
ward 746 746
Received of Na-
thaniel Donnell,
collector 706 12 6 722 8 4
23 11 8
39 7 6
Balance due 62 19 2
Amount of BOUth
ward 354 3 1 354 3 1
Received of Na-
thaniel Donnell,
coUector, '02 13 175
179 3 1
51 10 1
Balance due ''SO 13 2
Amount of mid-
dle ward 781 13 6 7S1 13 6
Received of Jos.
Stiles per Dan.'
Drais 761 B 619 6 11
Balance due
Anio'int of ,1;ip'.' •
tat-CJ.^.esnuruird 228 7 8
R(i' .vtj of John
Phlle per Charles
Phlle 204 7 6
Balance due
Amount of Do.
Walnut ward. ..
Received of John
Phlle per Charles
162 6 7
20 8 6
182 15 1
228 7 8
161 10
66 17 8
24 2
Carried forward £1533 15 9 13214 9 2
PHILADELPHIA COUNTY.
Brought forward U533 15 9
Phlle 113 17 6
62 5 7
Balance due
Amount of Do.
lower Delaware, 292 10
Received of John
Phlle per C. Phlle, 250
Balance due
Amount of Do.
upper Delaware, 394 18 3
Received of Jos.
Stiles per Daniel
Drals 376 13 6
Balance due
Amount of Do.
High-s'reet ward,
Rec. of J. Stiles
per Daniel Drals,
Balance due
254 16 1
232
22 16 1
Amount of Do.
north ward 809 3
Received of L.
BlddlnK 341 7 10
467 15 2
Balance due
60 10
115 13 1
62 5 7
292 15
22S 8 9
64 6 3
42 15
394 18 3
235 7 7
159 10 8
18 4 9
254 16 1
108
146 16 1
22 16 1
809 3
82 13 7
726 9 5
467 lb 2
357
13214 9 2
177 18 8
107 i 3
177 IB 5
169 12 2
Carried forward.
1194 4 7
£3360 7 10
132U 9 2
358 ACCOUNTS OF TREASURERS.
Brought forward £3360 7 10
Amount of Do.
east Mulberry
ward 740 3
Rec. of Jac. Hull, 654 2 3
Balance due
740 3
631 14 6
108 5 9
S5 18
194 3 9
Amount of west
Mulberry ward. 603 6 9
Rec. of T. Fisher, 499 8 8
Balance due
Amount of Block-
ley township, ...
Received of Da.
Jones collector, . .
119 19 1
125 10 8
Amount of du-
plicate Bristol...
Received of Jef.
Kirk
Balance due
Carried forward.
603 6 9
124 6 11
478 19 10
103 18 1
149 19 1
24 8 5
149 8 8
52 2 2
Balance due
Amount of Do.
By berry Ill 8 8 111 8 8
Receiv. of John
Stevens 107 11 2 62 13 6
48 IB 2
3 17 6
174 7 6
201 10 10
13214, 9 2
PHILADELPHIA COUNTY. 359
Brought forward "566 6 13214 9 2
Amount of Do.
GermantovMi. ... G95 IS 6 395 18 6
Received of Sa-
muel Blddts 305 1 9
90 16 9 395 18 6
90 16 9
Balance due ^^6 15 3
Amount of Do.
Kingsesslng 183 3 8 183 8 ?
Receiv. of John
Robinson 110 15 4
183 3 8
72 8 4
Balance due
Amount of Do.
Lower Dublin, . 210 11 8 210 11 8
Received of Jo-
Blah Matlack, ... 24 11 9
210 11 8
185 19 11
Balance due 396 11 7
Amount of Do.
Moyamensing. .. 191 IB 11 191 15 11
Elisha Parker
paid none, 191 15 11
Amount due 383 11 10
Amount of Do.
Moreland 56 8 6 56 8 6
Received of Isaac
Staats collector. 2(i 10
56 -^ 6
29 8 C
Balance due
Carried forward £6174 3
360 ACCOUNTS OF TREASURERS.
Amount of Do.
east northern-li-
berties 1st part,
406 1 S
406 1 S
Received of Al-
bertus Shylock,
collector,
363 15 7
112 16 11
42 5 8
293 4 4
42 5 8
Balance due 335 10
Amount of Do.
east northern-li-
berties, 2d part. 532 6 4 532 6 4
Received of Za-
cha. Andreas per
L. Lehman 340 7 7 146 15 4
Balance due
Amount of Do.
Oxford
Received of Fre-
derick Cfistor col-
lector
Balance due
385 11
191 19 4
Balance due 577 10 4
Amount of Do.
west northern-li-
berties 729 3 729 3
Received of Za-
cha. Andreas per
L. Lehman 380 14 7 228 C 3
348 8 5 500 19 9
348 18 5
133 18 1 124 7 7
133 18 1
Carried forward £8194 17 4
PHILADELPHIA COUNTY. S61
Brought lorward fSlM 17 4 13214 9 2
Amount of Do.
Passyunk 242 15 7 242 15 i
Rec. of Chrlstn.
Young L-ul lector, 8t> Hi 4
156 19 ;i 2)2 15 ,
156 19 3
Balanc due
Amount of Do.
Roxhurry 117 15 1
Receiv. of God-
frey Bocklus, ... 68 2 2
49 12 11 117 IS 1
49 12 11
Balance due
Amount of Do.
southwark east. . 463 8 11 463 8 11
Receiv. of John
Hunter 179 6 9 22 10
51 2 2 440 18 11
2S4 2 2
Balance due
Amount of south-
wark west 217 7 3 217 7 3
Recplv. of John
Ziunter 91 15 41 4
125 12 3 176 3 3
125 12 3
362 ACCOUNTS OF TREASURERS.
In the tax on pleasurable carriages for 1786.
John Baker, Esq. Dr. to assessments of taxes.
Received from Nathaniel Donnell col-
lector, dock ward 238 13 11
Do. Do. south ward, .. 41 11
Do. Joseph Stiles, middle ward, .. 101 11
381 12 10
Balance carried to account- of funding tax 1787, . . 1171 8 8
1553 1 6
Contra Cr.
By assessments of taxes.
For the countv treasurer's commis-
sions on £38l" 12 10 at 7s 6 18 7
Balance of the account in the funding
tax of 1786 1551 12 11
1553 1 6
In the funding tax of 1787.
John Baker, Esq. county treasurer, Dr. to assessments of taxes.
For the amount of the duplicates of the 1st and
2d half years in said tax, £21476 11 4
Balance carried to account of the militia fines 507 9 1
21984 5
Contra Cr.
By balance of account brought from the tax on
pleasurable carriages, 1171 8 8
By assessments of taxes.
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. treasurer,
July 23d, 1787, 806 7 1
Balances due from collector's duplicates.
George Hevl new market
amount 1st & 2d 1979 7 4
Carried forward £1979 7 4 806 7 1 1171 8 8
PHILADELPHIA COUNTY. 363
Brought forward 1979 7 4 806 7 1 1171 8 8
Jacob Hull dock
ward, amount 1st
halt year 757 9 2
Received 157 13 2
Balance r,99 16
Amount of 2J half
year 757 9 2
1357 B 2
James Watkins
south ward.
amount 674 8
Paid in part 1st
half year 17,". 9 5
498 18 3
Jos. Stiles, Middle ward, do. 1576 9 6
T. Fisher. Chesnut ward, do. 474 10 is
Do. Walnut do. do. 369 5
Do. Lower De aware do. do. 601 13 6
Joseph Stiles, Upper De'aware
do. do 742 10
Do. High-street ward. do. '•63 4 8
Jamps Wa'klns
north ward, 172i; 10 8
Paid m |':iit 7."i.""i 16 it
970 13 11
Thos. Fisher south Mulberr>-
ward amount 1640 16 10
Jac. Hull north
Mulberry, amo.. 10:0 7 6
Paid on accovnt
of :st half yrar . 104 8 9
925 18 9
David Saldrick. Blockley,
amount 263 14 2
Henry Young, Prlatol, do. 279 14
Jacob WJlson, Byberry, do. 226 11 2
jonn Beck, (ler-
mantown. amnunt 851 6
Paldofist hTlf ye;ir 46
805 B
Isc. Coxe. Klngsessing, amt. 405 19 8
Thomas Chapel. I^ow.^r Dub-
lin, do 310 3 2
806 7 1 1171 8 f
364 ACCOUNTS OF TREASURERS.
1171 8
Brought forward, 13991 6 11 806 7
Clement Smith, Moyamenslng,
Robert Whltton, Moreland.
Henry Fanner, East North-
ern Liberties
Paid In part of 1st half year
Will. Clifton, West North-
ern Liberties
Paid In part of let half year
Frederick Castor. Oxford,
John Hannaker, Passyunk,
Nicholas Rapewlne,Iloxbury,
Mart. Casper, Southwark east
Paid In part of 1st half year
Do. Southwark west.
do.
41C 3
do.
106 3 6
1757 15
6
9.- 18
7
1661 16 11
1471 11
35
1436 11 U
amount
41S 5 Z
do.
432 2
do.
238 14 6
931 8
6
100
831 8 6
amount
473 13 2
21984
In the Militia fines.
John Baker, Esq. treasurer of Philadelphia city and county,
Dr. To sundries.
â– William Henry, Esq. Lieutenant of the city and liberties.
Received per Thomas Hurley, collec-
tor, July 6th, 1786
Do. do. do. 19th, do,
Do per Peter Kurtz, do. 31st, do.
Do. per Thomas Broom, August 2d, do.
Do. per James Gentle, do. 3d, do
Do. per Thomas Hurley, do. 7th, do
Do. per Thomas Broom, do. 13th, do
Do. per Thomas Hurley, do.
Do. per James Huston, do. 15th,
Do. per James Gentle, do. 21st,
Do. per Thomas Hurley, do. 23d,
28 18
6
18
46 4
22 5
30
23
5
3 5
5 15
20
12 10
210 2
6
PHILADELPHIA COUNTY.
365
Brought forward,
Do. per Joseph Norman, do. 24th,
Do. per Thomas Hurley, September 2d,
Do. per John Goodman,
Do. per Lemon Swift, do. 11th,
Do. per Thomas Marouy, October 4th,
Do. per Peter Kurtz, do.
Do. per Enoch Baley, do. 5th,
Do. per Archibald Shaw, do.
Do. per David Copeland, do. 6th,
Do. per Samuel Davis, do. 9th,
Do. per Christ. Byerley, do. 14th,
Do. per William M'Donald, do. 16th,
Do. per John Goodman, do. 23d,
Do. per Matthew Graham, Nov. 7th,
Do. per do. do. 11th,
Do. per John Goodman, do. do.
Do. per Matthew Graham, do. 15th,
Do. per John Hunter, December 11th,
Do. per Matthew Graham, do. 29th,
Do. per Jacob Karger, do. do.
Do. per Thomas Hurley, Jan. 2d, 1787,
Do. per John Goodman, do. 9th,
Do. per Thomas Hurley,Jan. 10th, 1787,
Do. per Matthew Graham, do. 13th,
Do. per John Goodman, Feb. 13th,
Do. per John Hunter, do. 23d,
Do. per Jacob Beck, do. 26th,
Do. per John M'Culloch, March 1st,
Do. per do. do. 6th,
Do. per Matthew Graham, do. 7Lh,
Do. per Samuel Maus, do. 9th,
Do. per Conrad Buckman, do. 12th,
Do. per Peter Buchius, do. do.
Do. per Lemond Swift, do. do.
Do. per John Budd, do. 19th,
Do. per George Lees, do. 26th,
Do. per Adam Suter, April 2d,
Do. per Bughturil Hibbs, do. 3d,
Do. per Peter Kurtz, do. 4th,
Do. per Thomas Hurley, do. 23d,
Do. per Christopher Byerly, May 5th,
Do. per Thomas Hurley, do. 12th,
Do. per do. do. 19th
Do. per do. July 2d,
210 2 6
25
17
18
20 19
25 10
38 17 9
54
53 5
12 15
16 15
26 10
13 10
10
16
13
3
6 16 9
5 19 9
6 10
13 10
10
5
5
5 10
9 9
7 7 9
40 5
5
2 15
13
11 5 3
9
7 10
9 13 6
6 15
7 5
13 10
20
8
7 5
3 10
6
6
6 5 4
832 6 7
366 ACCOUNTS OF TREASURERS.
Brought forward ....832 6 7
Do. per John Webber, Per James
Maithews, do. 12th 7
Do. per Thomas Goucher, do. 17th, 27
Do. per Jacob Karger, do. 20t:h, 4
William Coats, Esq. Lieut. Philadelphia county.
870 6 7
Received per Doughty Biles, collector, April 8,
1786 1115 2
882 1 9
Contra Cr.
Balance brought Irom account of the funding
tax, 1787 507 9 1
By Militia fines,
For the county treasurer's commissions upon
£892 1 9 at % per cent 7 8 7
By David Rittenhouse, Esq. treasurer.
Paid him on account of militia fines, July 16th,
1787, 263
Balance due by John Baker 104 4 1
882 1 9
Examined and settled,
July 23d. 1787.
PHILADELPHIA COUNTY. 367
In the Funding tax of 1786.
John Baker, Esq. Dr. to assessments of taxes.
For the balance outstanding per last settlement, . . 9788 16 9
Balance overpaid, 378 7
10166 17 4
Contra Cr.
By assessments of taxes.
For the balaice overpaid by J. Baker at
last settletnem 155112 11
Paid David KUtenhouse, Esq.
treasurer,
August 14th 1787 915 11 2
Do. do. 29th 810 2 1
Do. Dec. 13th 1250 18 4
Do. Jan. 18th, 17ss 576 6 6
3552 18 1
Balancts due fiom delinquent collectors.
Hew Market ward. James
Rowan, collector 672 3
Dock do. Nathaniel Donnell 62 19 2
South do. do. 9S 5 10
Middle do. Joseph Stiles per
Daniel Drais 182 15 1
Chesnut do. John per t'has.
Phile 60 17 10
Walnut do. do. 51 IS 11
Lower Delaware do. do. 77 1 3
Upper do. Joseph Stiles per
Daniel Drals 177 15 5
High-street do. do. do. 169 12 2
North do. L,ewls Bidding. .. 796 13 7
3ast Mulberry. Jacob Hull, 194 3 9
West do. Thomas Fisher, 148 7 11
Blockley township, D. Jo.aes, 102 12 10
Bristol Jesse Kirk, 97 16 7
Bybrrry John Stevens. 14 II 2
Carried forward,
368 ACCOUNTS OF TREASURERS.
Brought forward 2907 9 6 5104 11
Germantowii, Samuel Bid-
des, collector 91 17
Klngsersing, John Robinson, IGl 16 u
Lower Dublin, Joslah Mat-
lack 193 9 1
Moyamensing.Elisha Parker, 150 11 1
Moreland. Isaac Siaats 85 12
East Northern Liberties.
Albertus Shy lock 88 3 7
Do. 2d part Zacha. Kndress
per L. Lehman 170 13 4
West Northern Liberties,
do. do. 570 5 5
Oxford. P'rederick Castor, .. 39 16 2
Passyunk. Ch b Im Young. 103 1 6
Roxbury. Godfrey Bockiue, 8 5 4
Southwark east. Jn. Hunter. 323 1 10
Do. West, do. 166 4
B062 6 4
In the Fuiuling tax of 1787.
John Baker, Esq. Dr. to assessments of taxes.
For the balance outs:anding at last settlement 20006 4 8
Credited in last account of this iax,
f-om carriage tax, 1171 8 8
Balance overpaid thereon last sectle-
menr 507 9 1
Balance due on this tax la.PL settlement 663 19 7
Balance duo 55 13 8
21226 17 11
Contra Cr.
By assessments of taxes.
Paid David RiUenhoust, Esq. treasurer.
Julv 30th, 1787, 290 13 5
Do. do. 31 lis 8 10
Carried forward 40D 2 3
PHILADELPHIA COUNTY.
Brought forward, 409 2 3
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. treasurer.
369
September
29th, 1787, .
805 9 11
Do.
October
25th,
2493 4 10
Do.
November
8th,
1444 10
Do.
do.
13th.
33 1 6
Do.
do.
23d
69 14 6
Do.
do.
24Lh,
15 6
Do.
do.
27th,
588 6 2
Do.
do.
29th,
78 7 11
Do.
December
6th,
69 5
Do.
do.
10th,
32 13 1
Do.
January
4th, 1788, .
. 2868 1 10
Do.
March 28th
. 1889 15 10
Do.
April 12t
h
739 7 6
11535 12
Paid at sundry times per account t]ie pensions to
widows, &c. of commissioned officers of the
Pennsylvania line and navy, per order of or-
phans' court, from July 1787, to January 13th,
1788
Paid on orders of a magistrate and two freehold-
ers, in compensation for servants inlisted into
the Pennsylvania regiments before 12th March,
1778, per account,
330 18 9
106 16 7
Balances outstanding on collectors duplicates.
New Market ward, Geo. Heyl, col. 1333 18 2
Dock do Jacob Hull, .. 97 19 9
South JamesWatkins, 136 7 9
jvijddle, Joseph Stiles, . 139 1 7
Chesnut Thomas Fisher, 231 16 11
Walnut do. 259 4 6
Lower Delaware do. 270 1 3
Upper Delaware Joseph Stiles, . 2Sa 3
Hig-n-stre^t '. . do. 270,12 R
>'-M-^h ^^â– r,^(\ T^mesWatkins, 188 18 11
South Mulberry, Thomas Fisher 1051 7 2
North Mulberry Jacob Hull, ... 122 13 8
Blockley, township David Saldrick, 175 1
Bristr^l Henry Young, 113 14
Byberry Jacob Willson, 56 9 5
Germantown loim Beck. ... 447 13 11
Kingsessing Isaac Coxe. ... 195 10 11
Lower Dublin TnomasOhapel, 277 10 8
Moyamensing Clement Smith, 287 19 6
Car-ied forward 6136 3 8 11973 7 11
24-7-3d Ser.
370 ACCOUNTS OP TREASURERS.
Brought forward 6136 3 8 11973 7 11
Moreland Robert Whitton 75 14 3
East Northern Liberties, Henry Faunce 782 16
West do. William Clifton 844 10
Oxford Fred. Castor,.. 310 11 8
Passyu'nk, John Hannaker 53 5 2
Koxbury Nich.Rapewine 144 16 9
Southwark east, Martin Gasper 531 8 6
Do. west ... do. 373 13 2
9252 10
21225 17 11
In the tax on pleasurable carriages, 1786.
John Baker, Esq. Dr. to assessments of taxes.
Received from sundries per last account £381 12 10
Received of Frederick Castor, collector, Oxford,.. 15
396 12 10
Contra Cr.
Amount commissions credited last ac-
count 1 8 "^
Balance due by J. B 395 4 3
396 12 10
In the tax on pleasurable carriages, 1787.
John Baker, Esq. treasurer, Dr. to assessments of taxes.
Received form James Watkins, col-
lector, south ward 50
Do. North ward 105 2
Amount due by J. B 155
PHILADELPHIA COUNTY. 371
In the Militia fines.
Jolin Baiter, Esq. treasurer, Dr.
To amount received per last account 882 1 9
To William Henry, Esq. Lieutenant of the city and liberties.
Received from sundry collectors of the militia
fines, in the city and liberties, from 23d Julv
1787, to 2Sth March 1788, 48114 9
£1363 16 6
Contra Cr.
By sundries credited lasL account, 270 8 7
By David Rittenhouse, Esq. treasurer.
Paid him on account of fines, Julv
30th, 1787, 500
Do. do. April 12th, 1788 190
690
Balance due by J. B 403 7 11
1363 16 6
Balance account, Dr. to John Baker.
For balance due him on tax of 178C, 378 7
Do. do. 1787, 555 13 8
933 14 3
Balance due by J. B 19 18 1
953 12 4
Contra Cr.
By balance due from him on carriage
tax of 1786 395 4 3
Do. 1787, 155 2
Do. Militia fines, 403 7 11
953 12 4
Examined and settled the foregoing account,
JOHN NICHOLSON.
Comptroller-General's Office,
April 22, 1788.
372
ACCOUNTS OF TREASURERS.
State of the Accounts of JOHN BAKER, Esq. Treasurer of the
City and County of Philadelphia, from April till December,
1788, inclusive.
In the funding tax of 1786.
John Baker, Esq. treasurer, Dr. to assessments of taxes.
For balances due from collectors at last settle-
ment.
5062 6 4
Contra Cr.
Balance overpaid last settlement, . . ,
378 7
By assessments of taxes.
For balances outstanding from collectors, viz.
New Market ward 642 3
Dock do 62 19 2
South do 98 5 10
Middle 182 15 1
Chesnut, 30 17 10
Walnut, 2113 11
Lower Delaware 37 1 3
Upper do 177 15 5
High-street 169 12 2
North do 480 17 1
East Mulberry, 141 18 1
West do 148 7 11
Blockley township, 102 12 10
Bristol, 4119 8
Byberry 14 11 2
Germantown 9117
Kingsessing \61 16 6
Lower Dublin, 160 13 10
Moyamensing, 129 1 1
Moreland 75 3
East northern liberties, 88 3 7
Do. 2d part, 170 13 4
West do 461 10 5
Oxford township 39 16 2
Passyunk 103 1 6
Roxbury, 8 5 4
Southwark east, 188 4 4
Do. west 166 4
Balance due by J. B
4198
486
£5062 6 4
PHILADELPHIA COUNTY. 373
In the funding tax of 1787.
John Baker, Esq. treasurer, Dr. to assessments of taxes.
For balance outstanding at last settlement 9252 10
Balance overpaid 73 1 10
9325 11 10
Contra Cr.
Balance at last settlement, 55 13 8
Assessments of taxes.
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treas-
urer, June 21st, 1788 1075 15 1
Do. do. Sept. 11th, do 1587 15 10
2663 10 11
Balances due from delinquent collectors.
New Market ward, 639 12 8
Dock ward 97 19 9
South 136 7 9
Middle 284 18 7
Chesnut 231 16 11
Walnut 159 4 6
Lower Delaware, 155 2 11
Upper do 155 3
High-street, 207 12 9
North 188 18 11
South Mulberry 376 12 2
North do 122 13 8
Blockley township 109 8 1
Bristol 84 4
Byberry 19 18 2
Germantown 286 11
Kingsessing 62 10 11
Lower Dublin 201 19 11
Moyamensing, 162 11
Moreland, 2113 3
East northern liberties, 549 12 8
West do 680 18 3
Oxford 263 9 2
Passyunk 21 10 8
Roxbury, 40 11 6
Carried over 5260 12 1 3219 4 7
374 ACCOUNTS OF TREASURERS.
Brought forward 5260 12 1 3219 4 7
Soulhwark east, 276 4 6
Do. west 273 13 2
5810 9 9
Paid pensioners from May to Dec. 1788, per ac-
counts received, 295 17 6
9325 11 10
In the funding tax of 1788.
John Baker, Esq. treasurer, Dr. to assessments of taxes.
For the amount of the duplicates, 21564 11 8
Balance overpaid, 925 4 1
22489 15 9
Contra Cr.
By Assessments of taxes.
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. treas-
urer, July 30, 1788 1802 18 5
Do. do. September 29th 1463 10 10
Do. • do. October 3d, 214 6 10
Do. do. do. 10th, 60
Do. do. do. 18th 480 7 6
Do. do. do. 22d 131 11 10
Do. do. do. 30th, 219
Do. do. Nov. 1st, 78 13
Do. do. do. 3d 273 2 6
Do. do. do. 15th, 47 9 9
Do. do. Dec. 5th. 775 10 1
Do. do. do. 29th 360 12 9
5907 3 • 6
Balances due from delinquent collectors, viz.
New Market ward, 1400 10
Dock, 975 1 11
South 471 15 2
Middle 942 7 6
Chesnut. 476 5
Walnut, 368 2
Lower Delaware, 480 12 10
Upper Delaware 482 16 2
High-street, 441 18 10
Carried over, 6039 3 5907 3 6
PHILADELPHIA COUNTY. 375
Brought forward, 6039 3 5907 3 6
North, 1275 19 10
South Mulberry ward, 1162 1 11
North 82116 7
Blockley township, 250 11 2
Bristol, 278 7
Byberry 168 9 4
Germancown 720 4 3
Kingsessing 368 10 3
Lower Dublin, 422 19 10
Moyamensing, 329 9 10
Moreland, 106 14 4
East northern liberties, 1351 10 8
West do. do 997 13 6
Oxford, 391 19 7
Passyunk 415 10
Roxborough 21114 7
East Southwark 798 13 5
West do 471 12 4
16582 12 3
22489 15 9
In the taxes on pleasurable carriages for 1786.
John Baker, Esq. Dr. to balance of last account, 395 4 3
To assessments of taxes.
Received from Godfrey Bockius, Rox-
borough 7 10
Do. Frederick Castor, Oxford 8 6 9
15 16 9
Balance due by J. B 411 1
In the taxes on pleasurable carriages for 1787.
John Baker, Esq. treasurer. Dr.
To balance of last account, 155 o 2
376 ACCOUNTS OF TREASURERS.
In the Militia fines.
John Baker, Esq. treasurer, Dr.
To balance of last account, 403 7 11
To William Henry, Esq. Lieut, city, &c.
Received from sundries of his collectors, per ac-
count from April 12th, till 20th uec. 1788, .... 867 7 1
To William Coats, Esq. Lieut. Philadelphia county.
Received per Jacob Connoly, for D. Biles, Aug.
30th, 1788
9
1279 15
484 7
7
Balance overpaid,
1764 2 7
Contra Cr.
By David Rittenhouse, Esq. treasurer.
Paid him on account, June 21, 1788, 823
Do. do, do. 30th 100
Do. do. Sept. 11th, .. 518 14 5
Do. do. Dec. 29th, ... 522 8 2
1764 2 7
Balance Account.
Dr. John Baker, Esq.
In the tax of 1786 486 5 3
In tax on Carriages, 1786, 411 1
Do. 1787, 155 2
Balance overpaid, 430 7 1
1482 13 6
Cr.
In the tax of 1787,
In the do. of 1788,
In the militia fines.
73
1
10
925
4
1
484
7
7
£1482
13
6
Examined and settled, January 16, 1789.
PHILADELPHIA COUNTY. 377
State of the Accounts of John Baker. Esq. Treasurer, Philadel-
phia city and county, from December 29th, 1788, till Dv^-
cember 1st, 1789.
In the funding tax of 1786.
John Baker, Esq. Dr.
To balance last settlement £4SG 5 3
To assessments o{ taxes.
For the balance outstanding last settlement 4198 6
4684
Contra Cr.
By Assessments of taxes.
Paid sundry pensioners, widows and children of
officers, who died in actual service in the army
and navy, from 30th Januarv, till 29th July,
1789 235 6 3
By sundry exonerations made by the commis-
sioners per account 208 4 5
Balances due from delinquent collectors, viz.
New Market ward Jns. Rowan, col. 642 3
Dock do Natha'l Donnel 62 19 2
South do. 98 5 10
Middle Joseph Stiles . 182 15 1
Chesnut John Phile . . . 30 17 10
Walnut do. 21 13 11
Lower Delaware do. 37 1 3
Upper Delaware Joseph Stiles . 177 15 5
Hiffh-street do. 169 12 2
North Lewis Bidding 409 8 9
West Mulberry Thomas Fisher 14S 7 11
Blockley, township David Jones .. 33 5 10
Bristol Jesse Kirk ... 6 2
Byberry, John Stevens . 14 11 2
Germantown Samuel Bidaes 55 17
Kingsessing John Robinson 161 16 6
Lower Dublin Josiah Maolack 79 13 4
Moyamensing, Elisha Parker 129 1 1
Moreland Isaac Staats . . 75 3
East Northern Liberties, 1st part Al.
Shylock .... 88 3 7
Do. ilo. 2d part Z. An-
dreas 170 13 4
West do. do. 394 IS 5
Southwark east, John Hunter . 188 4 4
Do. west, do. 166 4
3538 18 1
Balance due by J. B 701 17
4684 5 9
378 ACCOUNTS OF TREASURERS.
In the funding tax of 1787.
John Baker, Esq. Treasurer, Dr. to assessments of taxes.
For the balance outstanding last settlement, .... 5810 9 9
Contra Cr,
By balance last settlement, 73 1 10
By assessments of taxes.
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treas-
urer, April 30th, 1789 302 10
For exonerations made by the com-
missioners from the duplicates of
Byberry township 11 1 2
For balances due from delinquent
collectors, viz.
New Market ward Geo. Heyi. ool. 292 19 1
Dock do Jacob Hull ... 97 19 9
South, James Watkins 136 7 9
Middle Joseph Stiles 28-118 7
Chesnut, Thomas Fisher 161 16 11
Walnut do. 35 4 6
Lower Delaware do. 155 2 11
Upper Delaware, Joseph Stiles . 155 3
Migh-street do. 207 12 9
North, James Watkins 188 18 11
South Mulberry, Thomas Fisher 276 12 2
North Mulberry Jacob Hull ... 122 13 8
Blockley, township David Saldrick 88 1
Bristol Henry Young. 44 14
G-ermantown, John Beck ... 160 16 8
Kingsessing Isaac Coxe ... 62 10 11
Dower Dublin, Thomas Chapel 154 1 8
Moyamensing Cement Smith 113 9
Moreland Robert Whitton 2113 3
East Northern Liberties, Henrv Faunce 361 6 4
West do. WilliamClifton 680 IS 3
Oxford Fred. Castor .. 1^7 15 1
Passyunk John Hannecker 21 10 8
Roxbury, Nich. Rapewine 40 11 6
Carried forward, 4356 4
PHILADELPHIA COUNTY.
Brought forward, 4356 4
East Southwark Martin Cabper UiG 4 6
West do. do. 273 13 2
Balance due bv J. B
379
4795 18
941 9 11
5S10 9 9
In the funding tax of 178S.
John Baker, Esq. Treasurer, Dr to assessments of taxes.
For the balances outstanding at last settlement, 1G582 12 3
Balance due to J. B 2.52 12 5
Contra Cr.
16835 4 8
By balance last settlement,
By assessments of taxes.
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treas-
urer, January 20th, 1789, 73.5 3 9
Do. do. Feb. 7th, 245 13 2
Do. do. do. 26th 765 2 4
Do. do. March 23d 1109 9
Do. do. do. 30th 121 11 9
Do. do. Mav 12th 80G 15 1
Do. do. June 5th, 289 9 G
Do. do. Julv 7th, 974 17 10
Do. do. do. 22d 169 17 6
Do. do. Sept. 25th, 182 2 10
Do. do. do. 23d 338 14
Do. do. do. 30th 477 7 G
Do. do. Nov. 10th, 983 9 3
925 4 1
7279 13 G
Balances due from delinquent collectors, viz.
New Market ward, Jacob Hull, col. 272 IS 4
Dock do do. 293 9 7
South Joseph SLiles . 471 15 2
Middle do. 490 10
Chesnut, Thomas Fisher 155 17 G
Walnut do. 278 12
Carried forward 1962 13 5
8204 17 7
380 ACCOUNTS OF TREASURERS.
Brought forward, 1962 13 5
Lower Delaware, T. Fisher, col. 354 1 10
Upper Delaware, Joseph Stiles . 277 9 5
Hicih-street do. 208 11 8
North, John Graff ... 31fi 7 1
South' Mulberry Thomas Fisher 462 111
North Mulberry Jacob Ernzeller 391 13 7
Blockley, township Richard Crane 171 2 11
Bristol Henry Young . 144 7
Byberr'y B. Worthington 80 18
Germantown Christian Duey 381 16 9
Kingsessing, Mat'w Huston 217 3
Lower Dublin, Jacob Duffield. 385 7 10
Moyamensing, I. Tittermary 260 9
Moreland Edward Swift 68 17 10
East Northern Liberties, Thos. Hamilton 459 13 10
West do. Wm. Graham 660 4 6
Oxford, John Keen ... 351 4 7
Passyunk, Elisha Parker 274 11 6
Roxborough John Righter . 143 5 7
Southwark east, John Hunter . 587 10 11
Do. west, do. 47112 4
8204 1'
8630 7 1
£16835 4 8
In the funding tax of 1789.
John Baker, Esq. Treasurer, Dr. to assessments of taxes.
For the amount of the duplicates, £21474 13 6
Balance due by J. B 1^51 2 10
23125 16 4
Contra Cr.
By assessments of taxes.
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treas-
urer August 17th. 1789. 1500
Do do. do. 22d, 135 4 10
Do. do. do. 26th. 1256 11 8
Carried over, 2891 16 6
PHILADELPHIA COUNTY.
Brouglu forward 289116 6
Paid David Rittenhouse. Esq. Treas-
urer, Oct. 16th 92 1 11
Do. do. do. 29th 200
Do. do. Nov. 10th, 495 9 5
381
3679 7 10
Balances due from collectors.
Newmarket ward Thomas Mitchell
collector loSl 11 8
Dock do Wm. Peiffer ..1218 14 5
South, lo Richard Spain 676 16 2
Middle, do do. 1044 4 3
Chesnut, do George Fisher 476 5
Walnut. do do. 36S 2
Lower Delaware do do. 622 2 7
Upper do. do Richard Spain 4.5S 16 1
High-Street, do do. 564 S 10
North ao Andrew Cress-
man 1678 6 4
South Mulber;y do. Nathan Cook .1438 9 5
North do. -lo Christ. Baker 95116 7
Blockley townshin Henry Gamber 264 7 5
Bristol, Sebast'nUnruch 278
Byberry Casper Rhoads 225 2 4
Germantown John Leibert . 882 14 6
Kinksessing John Leech .. 287
Lower Dublin Joshua Jones.. 423
Moyamensing Philip Young.. 370
Moreland Toshua Comely 106 15
East North. Liberties, ... Thos. Britton 1578 5 7
West do. John Sooder ..1483 12
Oxford, George Castor,
juu 421 4 4
Passyunk John Lair 426 18 6
Roxborough, William Holget 218 7
East Southwark Valentine War 929 16 2
West do. Robert Clavton 471 12 4
- 19446 8 6
£23125 16 4
In the taxes on pleasurable carriages for 1786.
John Baker, Esq. treasurer. Dr.
To balances of last account
Carried over,
411 1
411 1
382 ACCOUNTS OF TREASURERS.
Brought forward,
To assessments of taxes.
Received from Dav. Jones, collector,
Blockley 10 10
Jesse Kirk, do. Bristol 11 14
Exonerations on the duplicates, of
Bristol, Passyunk and Roxborough,
per account 14 10
Contra Cr.
By assessments of taxes.
For the exonerations aforesaid, 14 10
Balance due by J. B 433 5
411 1
36 14
447 15
447 15
For 1787.
John Baker, Esq. treasurer, Dr.
To balance of last account
To assessments of taxes.
Received from Jos. Stiles, collector,
Middle ward 15G 9 6
Jacob Wilson, Blockley, 10 4 9
John Hannecker, Passyunk 17 14 9
Exonerated by the commissioners from the du-
plicate of Byberry township,
Contra Cr.
By assessments of taxes.
For the exonerations aforesaid,
Balance due by J. B
1 10
339 9
155 2
184 9
1 10
340 19 2
340 19 2
In the Militia fines.
John Baker, Esq. treasurer. Dr. to sundries.
William Henry, Esq. Lieutenant of the city of Philadelphia, &c.
Received from his collectors at sundry times
from 29th, Dec. 1788, till 4th Nov. 1789,
Carried over.
211 6 2
211 6 2
PHILADELPHIA COUNTY. 38)
Brought forward 211 6 2
AVilliam Coats, Esq. Lieut. Philadelphia county.
Received from his collectors. Nov. 17lh and 25ch,
17S9, 22 11 11
Balance due by J. B 250 9 ti
484 7 7
Contra Cr.
By balance last account 484 7 7
Balance Account.
Dr. John Baker, Esq. treasurer.
In the funding tax of 1780 page 25 701 17
In do. 1787 27 941 9 11
In the carriage tax of 178G 30 433 5 (i
In do. 1787 30, 339 9 v
2416 1 1
Cr.
In the funding tax of 1788 page 27 252 12 ".
^^ flo. 1789 28.' ; . ; 1G51 2 10
In the militia fines, 31 250 9 G
Balance due by J. B ' 261 IG 4
£2416 1 1
Comptroller-General's Office
April 6th. 1790.
Examined and settled,
JOHN NICHOLSON.
(384)
REPORT
AUDITORS OF PUBLIC ACCOUNTS
Commissioners and Treasurers
COUNTY OF LANCASTER,
1782-1792.
25-7--3d Ser. (385)
(386)
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407
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417
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419
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422 ACCOUNTS OF AUDITORS.
TO THE PRESIDENT, AND THE ASSISTANT JUDGES, OF
THE COURT OF COMMON-PLEAS, IN AND FOR THE
COUNTY OF LANCASTER.
The Auditors appointed by ttie Court uuder the Act of Assem-
bly, to audit and settle the PUBLIC ACCOUNTS, of the
Commissioners and Treasurers, ot said County-— beg leave to
submit the following Report; with a Statement of the Ac-
counts of the late Treasurer WILLIAM HENRY, Esquire,
deceased.
UPON examining the books of the Commissioners, we found
by the entries therein, that the justices and grand juries, had
examined the treasurer's accounts, up to August term, 1788, but
had not struck a balance since the settlement of the 8th of
August, 1782; at which period we conceived it incumbent on us
to commence the present account.
The cause that prevented the justices and grand juries from
fixing a balance at any of the subsequent settlements, was
probably this: In the assessment of 1782, the commissioners
had blended the county with the state tax.
The quota of the county of Lancaster, for that year, was fifty-
nine thousand eight hundred and thirty-four pounds ten shill-
ings. To raise which sum, and also a county tax, the commis-
sioners assessed the county, sixty-six thousand six hundred
and sixty-three pounds nineteen shillings and two pence, of
which they allotted one eleventh part for the county's use.
Expecting that the county tax would be productive, they drew
upon their treasurer, to the amount of upwards of five thou-
sand pounds, the drafts directing the treasurer to pay out of
that particular fund.
By the treasurer's accounts it appears, there has been fifty-
two thousand seven hundred and eight pounds fifteen shillings
and seven pence farthing, received by him of that assessment,
which is seven thousand one hundred and twenty-five pounds
fourteen shillings and four pence three farthings, less than the
quota due from the county to the state.
The predicament in which this tax stood, made it extremely
difficult for us to proceed.
By a division of the tax, agreeably to the intention of the
commissioners, the balance against the county would have been
much reduced; on the contrary, by considering the whole sum
received by the treasurer, as applicable only to the payment
of the quota, the county's debt to the treasurer would be
equally augmented.
In the first case, the county's deficiency in its quota of 1782,
would be increased, in proportion to the reduction of ihe bal-
ance, and in the latter, the deficiency of the quota would be
diminished in the same proportion, because the trifling balance
due by the treasurer to the county, at the settlement in August,
1782, and the county levies of 1785, and 1786, were all the county
stock the treasurer had, wherewith to pay orders drawn upon
him, to the amount of fourteen thousand one hundred and
eighty-seven pounds and six pence; consequently that sum was
made up out of the state taxes.
LANCASTER COTINTT. 423
In this dilemma we concluded to take the opinion of two
gentlemen of legal knowledge on this subject; and also to solve
some doubts and difficulties of less importance.
The gentlemen consulted, concurred in opinion, that no divi-
sion of the assessment of 1782, ought to take place, while the
quota of the county of that year, was unpaid; upon which
ground this account is stated. The opinion which those gentle-
men have gave, has occasioned an expence, which we trust the
court will consider as incidental, and direct the treasurer of
the county to pay.
We wish to remark, that the balance due to the treasurer is
considerably increased, by crediting him with the expences in-
curred in the collection of the supplies for 1782, and 1783.
The laws passed for raising those taxes, have directed, that
all expences arising from the assessing and collecting the same,
shall be paid out of the county rates and levies. In addition
to this, (to which) the funding law of 1785, directs, that the
county treasurer shall receive out of the same fund, for all
monies by him received, and paid into the state treasury, two
dollars for every hundred pounds.
It appears by most of the deficient orders, for several years
past, that large arrearages of taxes are due on many tracts of
unseated lands, lying in this, and in the county of Dauphin,
prior to the division of the county, which ought to be paid.
We apprehend it to be the duty of the commissioners to as-
certain the taxes due on each tract, in both counties, in the
years 1781, 1782, and 1783, and inforce the payment thereof.
There is no doubt with us, but a considerable sum might be
collected from the owners of such lands; for to our certain
knowledge, many of them live in the county, and are men of
considerable property. (A hint of this kind from the court to
the commissioners, may have a good effect.)
We hope, that it will be observed, that the reasons advanced
In our report, annexed to the account of George Graff, esq. of
the advantages which would arise from a publication of them,
are equally applicable to this. In addition to printing the ac-
counts, we think, if the deficient orders of the state taxes, par-
ticularly those of 1782, and 1783, were printed and annexed
thereto, the community would derive very salutary effects from
it; which would more than compensate the expence. The publi-
cation would at least shew, why those large taxes were not pro-
ductive. It also might be the means of correcting mistakes,
made in the settlement of the respective collectors duplicates.
An instance of this, we experienced, one deficient order ac-
cidentally pointed out to us, by which an error of the collector
of five pounds sixteen shillings and eight pence, in the state
tax of 1782, was rectified, in favour of tht county.
By the balance-sheet it appears there is a sum of nine thou-
sand two hundred and fifty-eight pounds nineteen shillings
and one penny, in specie, due by the county, to the estate of
William Henry, esq. late treasurer, deceased. And that there
Is the sum of one hundred and eighteen pounds twelve shillings
and ten pence halfpenny, in state money, due to the county by
the said estate; besides the sum of one thousand and sixty-
three pounds six shillings and five pence farthing, said to be
outstanding of the county taxes, of 1785, £.nd 1786.
424 ACCOUNTS OF AUDITORS.
Upon the whole, we are confident, that no care or attention
has been wanting with us, to render all the accounts as perfect
as we were able.
We considered it as a business of importance, and found it a
work of magnitude. The court will best judge, how far we
have discharged the confidence and trust reposed in us. All
which is submitted to inspection, by
SAMUEL TURBETT, )
NATHANIEL ELLMAKER, \ Auditors.
WILLIAM WEBB, )
Lancaster, 23d May. 1792.
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0312; ^:
LANCASTER COUNTY. W,
TO THE PRESIDENT, AND ASSOCIATE JUDGES, OF THE
COURT OF COMMON-PLEAS, IN AND FOR THE COUNTY
OF LANCASTER.
The Auditors appointed bv the Court under the Act of Assem-
bly, to audit and settle the PUBLIC ACCOUNTS, of the Com-
missioners and Treasurers of the said County — beg leave to
REPORT the within Statement of the Accounts between the
County of Lancaster, and the present Treasurer, GEORGE
GRAEFF, Esquire.
WE apprehend the court will obtain every requisite informa-
tion from an inspection of the several parts of the wdthin ac-
count; therefore deem any additional remarks unnecessary.
We beg leave to suggest, that it is our unanimous opinion,
that advantages of a permanent nature, would arise to the peo-
ple of the county at large, and which we presume will appear
obvious to the court from printing this account, and the others,
as they may be severally rendered and reported.
And that a publication in print, would afford satisfaction to
the taxable inhabitants of the county, who are materially in-
terested in the appropriation of the monies levied upon them;
and would therefore have a tendency to convince their minds,
that 'their money was appropriated and applied in form and
manner as within stated.
We therefore wish the sanction of the court, on this im-
portant point, because the court will finally judge upon the
reasonableness .of such incidental charges and expence, as will
arise from the printing of those accounts, or from the execu-
tion of the powers vested in the auditors by law.
Upon the whole, you will observe by the account current
herewith stated, that there is a balance of seventeen*" hundred
and twenty pounds eleven shillings and eight pence halfpenny,
due by the present treasurer, G6H)rge Graeff, esquire, to the
county; besides 'the sum of three thousand three hundred and
ninety-one pounds ten shillings and eight pence, said to be
outstanding in the taxes of the years 1788, 1789. 1790, and 1791.
SAMUEL TURBETT,
NATHANIEL ELLMAKER, !â– Auditors.
WILLIAM WEBB,
^â– 1
Lancaster, 29th May, 1792.
^-
(448)
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS
William Perry, Esquire,
LATE-TREASURER
WESTMORELAND COUNTY.
1783-1788.
(449)
i9-7-Sd Ser.
(450)
ACCOUNTS OF THE TAXES OF WESTMORELAND
COUNTY.
THE seventeenth, eighteenth and nineteenth, 18:1, provincial
taxes. The five shilling tax, the 5 million, 15 million, 45 mil-
lion and the first and second eight monthly taxes are exon-
erated to the inhabitants of said county, in the agreement with
the state of Virginia lespecting disputed boundaries, none of
the aforesaid taxes were assessed, except that the provincial
taxes may have been laid, in which case little if any was col-
lected thereof; and in 1786, when I was directed by law to set-
tle the accounts of taxes, I found it impossible lo obtain a
statement or account thereof, if they ever were assessed, be-
cause of the great lapse ^f time and the confusion which had
intervened in that county by the Indian wars.
The first and second class taxes, the first and second sinking
fund taxes, the effective supplies of 1781, the additional sup-
plies, of 1781, and the supplies of 1782, have never been as-
sessed in this county, the commissioners conceiving it better
to excuse the people from the payment thereof, under the
power given them by law for the relief of the frontiers than to
incurr the expence of laying and assessing, and afterwards
exonerating them. The commissioners further represent, that
in most of the townships it would have been impracticable in
those times to have made returns of the property.
State of the Accounts of WILLIAM PEiRRY. Esq. late Treasurer
Westmoreland County, till 20th March, 1788.
In the Supplies of 1783,
William Perry, Esq Treasurer,
Dr. to Assessments of taxes.
For the amount of the assessments, £5048 15 6
Supra Cr.
By assessments of taxes.
For exonerations made by the commissioners in
pursuance of the acts for relief of those suffer-
ing on the frontiers, 2163 10 7
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. treas. July 23d, 1784, 168 10
Paid the following pensioners, viz.
The widow of Capt. Samuel Miller,.. £131
Ditto, of Capt. Montgomery 140 10
Ditto, ditto, 59 4 3
John Jacks a disabled pensioner, . . 50
Jeremiah GuUen, ditto 157 10
Carried over, £538 4 3 2332 7
(451)
452
ACCOUNTS OF TREASURERS,
State of the Accounts of WILLIAM PERRY, Esq. late Treasurer
Westmoreland County, in the supplies of 1783, continued.
Supra Cr.
By Assessments of Taxes, brot. forw. £538 4 3
William Nelson, five quarters, 28 2 6
Ditto, to 20th Aug. 1787 12
William Donalin, 138
Ditto, 4 orders, 36
John Jordan, 22 10
Ditto, 5 12 6
Ditto, from Octo. 1784 till May 1786, 35 16 3
Ditto, till 1st September, 1787 29 16 3
William Tegard, till 28th Feb. 1785, 21 10 6
Ditto, two years, 45
Ditto, till 12th May, 1788, 26 2 6
NicholasCuddy, till 31st January, 1782, 50 9
Jeremiah GuLen July 1st, till Oct. 1st,
1785 5 12 6
Ditto, Jan. 1st, till 1st April, 5 12 6
Ditto, April 1st, till 1st July, 5 12 6
Captain Matthew Jack, two quarters, 30
2332 7
1036 1 3
Paid for servants inlisted in the Pennsylvania line.
William McCarmick.for JohnBayley, £6 10
David Semple 6 16
Heirs of John Kyle, 4 8
County Treasurers commissions on £2199 2 10
at 7s 6
Paid for administering the oath of
allegiance per act June 1777, Sun-
dries for 813 inhabitants, 16 5 2
Ditto, 4 9 11
For recording, ditto 1 2 4
17 4 IC
8 4 11
21 17 5
For taking the sense of the people per resolution
1777, on the subject of calling a convention.
Nicholas Chapman £2 8
Robert Mc Dowell 1 6 3
John Finley 2
Moses Latta 1
6 14 3
Carried over £3422 3 3
WESTMORELAND COUNTY. 453
State of the Accounts of WILLIAM PERRY. Esq. late Treasurer
of Westmoreland County, In the supplies of 1783. continued.
Contra Cr.
By Assessments of Taxes, brot. forw. £3422 3 3
Balances due from delinquent collectors, viz.
Philip Jinkins. Springhill £S3 6 1
Peter Light, South district of Hunt-
ingdon 22 18 11
Joseph Budd, Lower ditto 7 19 3
Benjamin Davis, Fi-anklin 256 13 1
Henry Beeson, Manallea 315 4 9
686 2 1
Balance due by W. P 940 10 2
5048 15 6
In the Funding Tax 1785.
William Perry, Esq. Treasurer,
Dr. to Assessments of taxes.
For the amount of the duplicates £895 8 11
Supra Cr.
By assessments of taxes.
Paid David Rictenhouse, Esq. Treas.
Mar. 25th, 1786, £232 2
Ditto Jan. 9th, 1788,- .. 13 8
Do. per nonresidents a moiety cf £471-
7 4 paid for 1785 and 1786, 235 13 8
481 3 8
Balances due from delinquent collectors, viz.
Charles Harra, Rostraver, 57 10
Jacob Casselman, Pitt, 60 15 2
J. Johnstone, south district of Hunt-
ingdon 17 12 7
James Carnahan, North do 32 1 11
John Hauser, sou:h do. Hempfield, .. t) 3
James Hunter, Mountpleasant 36 14 4
Arthur Domiston, Derry 68 10 8
Thomas Reed, Armstrong, 7 10
James Mc Dowell, Donnegal, 32 1 11
321 10 5
Deduct, paid thereout Rv nonresidents, 235 13 8
85 16 9
Balance due by W. P 328 8 6
895 8 11
454 ACCOUNTS OF TREASURER^.
State of the Accounts of WILLIAM PERRY, Esq. late Treasurer
of Westmoreland County, in the funding tax of 1786.
In the Funding Tax 1786.
William Perry, Esq. Treasurer,
Dr. to Assessments of taxes.
For the amount of the duplicates, £861 1 11
Supra Cr.
By Assessments of Taxes.
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treas.
Mar. 14th, 1786 £8 12 51/2
Ditto, Dec. 14th 2 7 10
Ditto Sep. 21st, 1787 331 1 7
Ditto Mar. 28th, 1788 26 5
368 6 lOVz
Paid by non residents a moiety of £471 7 4. . . . 235 13 8
Balances due from delinquent collectors, viz.
Walter Wall. Rostraver £99 19 OV2
Charles Duke, Pitt
Ben. Gilbert, North dis. of Hunting-
ton,
George Swan, South do
John Hart, North, do. Hempfield, . .
Philip Smith, South, do
Christopher Lovengnre, Mt. Pleasant,
John McGrady, Dcrry
Robert Crawford, Donegal township,
William Piper, Fairfield,
William Bracken, Wheatfield,
Samuel Dixon, Armstrong,
99 14
101/2
18 17
6
23 1
2
12 2
7
38 10
2
56 17
7
49 7
71/2
12 15
11 Va
13 6
6
2 16
111/4
36 6
1
463 16 014
Deduct paid thereof by non residents, 235 13 8
228 2 41A
Balance due by W. P 28 19 Oi^
861 1 11
In the Funding Tax 1787.
William Perry, Esq. Treasurer,
Dr. to Assessments of taxes.
For the amount of the duplicate, £889 18
Supra Cr.
Paid by non-residents to D. Ritten-
house Esq. Treas 170 8 3
Carried over £1''0 8 3
WESTMORELAND COUNTY. 455
State of the Accounts of WILLIAM PERRY, Esq. late Treasurer
of Westmoreland County, In the Funding taxof 1787. continued
Supra Cr.
By assessments of Taxes. Bro. forw. £170 8 3
Paid by him to, do. Oct. 18th, 1788, . . 40
210 8 3
Balances due from delinquent collectors, viz.
William Wason, Armstrong 177 2 11^/^
Luellen Howell, Rostraver 40
Richard Antis. Put 60 7 5
Hanover Davis, Hempfield, 54 2 9
Samuel Peoples, Mountpleasant 70 14 IOV2
Wm. Newell, south district of Hunt-
ington, 4118 4
Benjamin Laird, North do 47 13
Andrew Steward, Derry 38 1 8^
William Kerr, Salem, 1'' 12 10
Ebenezer Coe, Franklin, 15 10 3
James Campbell, Sen. Donnegal 15 4 8
Charles Clifford. FairfielL:, 17 1 1
James Clark, Wheatfield 4 9
599 10 71/2
Deduct paid state treasurer by non
residents 170 8 3
429 2 4V2
Balance due by W. P 250 7 4^
889 18
In the Funding Tax 1788.
William Perry, Esq. Treasurer,
Dr. to Assessments of taxes.
For the amount of the assessments, £732 8 7
Supra Cr.
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treas. by non resi-
dents 32 12 9
Balances due from delinquents 732 8 7
Deduct received taxes of unseated
lands 32 12 9
699 15 10
732 8 7
456 ACCOUNTS OF TREASURERS.
State of the Accounts of WILLIAM PERRY, Esq. late Treasurer
of Westmoreland, County, continued.
Balance Account.
Dr. William Perry, Esq. Treasurer, Westmoreland County.
In the supplies 17S3 £940 10 2
In tlae Funding Tax 17S5 328 8 6
do. 1786, 28 19 0^4
do. 1787, 250 7 iVz
1548 5 0%
Accounts of Joseph Cook, Jun. Treasurer of Westmoreland
County, till 22d February, 1790.
In the Funding Tax 1788.
Joseph Cook, Esquire Treasurer,
Cr. By assessments of taxes.
Paid David Rittenhouse. Esq. Trer.s. Oct. 31st,
1789, £87 14 4
In the Funding Tax 1789.
Joseph Cook, Esquire Treasurer,
Dr. to Assessments of taxes.
For the amount of the duplicates, £745 14 10
Cr.
By Assessments of Taxes.
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treas.
Sep. 24th, 1789 £100
Ditto Nov. 2d 28 19 8
Per J. Gibson part of an order for,
£323 19 10 Oct. 19th. 1789 116 8 3
245 7 111
Balances due bv delinquents 412 12 7
Do. bv J. Cook, Jun 87 14 4
745 14 10
Balance Account.
Dr. Joseph Cook, Esq. Treasurer, Westmoreland County, Cr.
In the Funding Tax 17S9. £87 14 4
In the funding tax 1788, £87 14 4
Examined and settled,
JOHN NICHOLSON.
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS
OF
Ephraim Douglas, Esquire,
TREASURER
OF
FAYETTE COUNTY.
1785-1790-
(457)
(458)
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF EPHRAIM DOUGLAS, ES-
QUIRE, TREASURER OF FAYETTE COUNTY, FROM
1785, TILL 1790.
In the Funding Tax of 1785.
Ephraim Douglas, Esq. Treasurer,
Dr. to Assessments of taxes.
For the amount of the assessments, £793 11 4^4
Supra Cr.
By Assessments of Taxes.
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treas.
Feb. 10, 1786, £2S4 10 3
Ditto, 20 392 19 5
Ditto 27, 101 4 1
778 13 9
Balance due from the Treasurer and Collectors, 14 17 7V4
793 11 4Vi
In the Funding Tax 1786.
Ephraim Douglas, Esq. Treasurer,
Dr. to Assessments of taxes.
For the amount of tbA assessments, £881 9
Supra Cr.
By Assessments of Taxes.
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treas.
Aug. 22. 1786 £389 6 IOV2
Ditto Nov. 18. 389 6 10 1/2
£778 13 9
Balance outstanding 102 15 3
881 9
(459)
460 ACCOUNTS OP TREASURERS.
State of the Accounts of Ephraim Douglas, Esquire, Treasurer
of Fayette County.
In the Funding Tax 1787.
Ephraim Douglas, Esq. Treasurer,
Dr. to Assessments of taxes.
For the amount of the asoessments £829 5
Supra Cr.
By Assessments of Taxes.
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treas.
July 2, 1787 £231 19 3
Ditto Sept. 6, 157 7 9
Ditto Feb. 28, 1788 389 6 9
£778 13 9
Balances outstanding 50 11 3
829 5
In the Funding Tax 1788.
Ephraim Douglas, Esq. Treasurer,
Dr. to Assessments of taxes.
For the amount of the assessments £850 1 6
Supra Cr.
By Assessments of Taxes.
Paid David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treas.
May 28, 1788, . , £59 9 5
Ditto, June 9, 35 11 9
Ditto Sept. 1 106 11 9
Ditto, 26, 24 9
Ditto 30 59 6 6
Ditto, Oct. 3 30
Ditto Mar. 21, 1789, 24 9
Ditto Apr. 29 296 16 3
Ditto Sept. 21, 142 16 7
£778 13 9
Balance outstanding, 71 7 9
850 1 6
FAYETTE COUNTY. 461
State of the Accounts of Ephraim Douglas, Esquire, Treasurer
of Fayette County.
In the Funding Tax of 1789.
Ephraim Douglas, Esq. Treasurer,
Dr. to Assessments of taxes.
For the amount of the assessments £807 12 8%
Supra Cr.
By Assessments of Taxes.
Paid David Rittenhousc, Esq. Treas.
Sept. 21, 1789 £83 18 2
Ditto, Nov. 7, 399 14 2
Paid Christian Febiger Esquire,
Feb. 1790, 39 14 3
£523 6 7
Balance outstanding 284 6 1%
807 12 8%
Examined and settled,
JOHN NICHOLSON.
^2%
%8
(462)
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF FEES
RECEIVED BY THE
SECRETARY OF THE
Supreme Executive Council
1786-1790.
(463)
(464)
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS OF FEES, &C.
Account of JOHN ARMSTRONG, jun. Esq. from the 26th June
till 25th September 1786, inclusive.
John Armstrong, jun. Esq. Secretary, Dr. to Sundries.
BALANCE due at last settlement £9 7 6
Account of fees received in the office of the Sec-
retary of the Supreme Executive Council
Received per account, from 26th June till 25th
September 1786. inclusive. 326 19 5
£336 6 11
Supra Cr.
By David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treasurer.
Paid him, October 25th, 1786, £100
Ditto, November 7th, do 22
Ditto, January 9th, 1787, 6 12 5
128 12 5
Pay of Officers of Government for 1786.
For his salary one quarter, ending the 25th Sept.
1786 187 10
Contingent Expences of Government for 1786.
Paid for ink, for wafers, ribbon, silk, pasting up
proclamations, and for Churchman's map for
the Council 6 7
Balance due by J. Armstrong 13 17 6
£336 6 11
Account of JOHN ARMSTRONG, jun. Esq. from 26th Septem-
ber till 25th December 1786, inclusive.
John Armstrong, jun. Esq. Secretary, Dr. to Sundries.
Balance of last account, £13 17 6
Account of fees received in the office of the Sec-
retary of the Supreme Executive Council
Received per account from 26th September till
25th December, 1789, 332 9 6
£346 7
30-i0-3d Ser. (465)
466 ACCOUNTS OF SECRETARY OF
Supra Cr.
By David Rittenhousc, Esq. Treasurer.
Paid him on account, Jan. 9th, 1787, £105
Ditto February 1st, 8 17 4
113 17 4
By pay of Officers of Government for 1787.
For his salary for one quarter, due 25th Decem-
ber, 1786 187-10
By contingent Expences of Government for 1787.
Paid for parchment, quills, paper, wafers, ink, re-
pairing the screw press, and advertisements, . . 20 2 2
Balance due by John Armstrong, 24 17 6
£346 7
Account of JOHN ARMSTRONG, jun. Esq. from 26th Decem-
ber 1786, till the 25th March 1787, inclusive.
John Armstrong, jun. Esq. Secretary, Dr. to Sundries.
BALANCE of last account, £24 17
Account of fees received in the office of the Sec-
retary of the Supreme Executive Council
Received by him from 26th December 1786, till
25th March 1787, inclusive, per account, 340 11
David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treasurer.
Received of him, on order of Council, on account,
salary 125
£490 8 6
Supra Cr.
By David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treasurer.
Paid him on account, March 22d, 1787, 44 5
Ditto, April 16th, do. 160 12 1
Ditto July 12th, do. 41 6 3
Ditto, do. 17th do. 8 16 2
254 19 6
By pay of Officers of Government for 1787.
For his salary one quarter, ending March 25,1787, 187 10
By contingent Expences of Government for 1787.
Paid for wafers, for the great and lesser seal, rib-
bon, for ink, paper, translating letters, printing,
and for a bible and Philosophical Transactions
for the use of Council, 16 14 6
Balance due by John Armstrong 31 4 6
• £490 8 6
SUPREME EXECUTIVE COUNCII.. 467
Account of JOHN ARMSTRONG, jun. Esquire, from the 26th of
March, till the 25th June 1787, inclusive.
John Armstrong, jun. Esq. Secretary, Dr. to Sundries.
BALANCE due at last settlement, £31 4 6
Account of fees received in the oflBce oi the Sec-
retary of the Supreme Executive Council
Received, per account, from 26th March till 25th
June 1787, inclusive, 317 16 2
£349 8
Supra Cr.
By David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treasurer.
Paid him, per account. May 1787, . . . £100
Ditto, December 10, . 9 6 6
109 6 6
By pay of Officers of Government for 1787.
For his salary, one quarter, ending 25th June 1787 187 10
By contingent Expences of Government for 1787.
Paid for ribbon, twine, wafers, paper, ink, put-
ting in glass in the chamber window, and mov-
ing a screen, 8 4 8
Balance due by John Armstrong 43 19 6
£349 8
Account of JOHN ARMSTRONG, jun. Esq. from the 26th June
till 25th September 1787, inclusive.
John Armstrong, jun. Esq. Secretary, Dr. to Sundries.
BALANCE of last account £43 19 6
Account of fees received in the office of the Sec-
retary of the Supreme Executive Council
Received, per account, from 26th June till 25th
September 1787, inclusive 306 14 10
£350 14 4
468 ACCOUNTS OF SECRETARY OF
Supra Cr.
By David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treasurer.
Paid him, on account, October 18,1787,
Ditto, do.
Ditto, December 10,.
, £20
65
26
9
10
111 9 10
By pay of Officers of Government for 1787.
For his salary for one quarter, ending 25th Sep-
tember, 1787 187 10
By contingent Expences of G-overnment for 1787.
Paid for wafers, and for repairing a chest 7 15
Balance due by John Armstrong 43 19 6
£350 14 4
Account of JOHN ARMSTRONG, jun. Esq. Secretary of the Su-
preme Executive Council, from 26th Septemher till 22d Octo-
ber 1787, inclusive.
John Armstrong, jun. Esq. Dr. to Sundries.
BALANCE due last settlement, £43 19 6
Account of fees received in the office of the Sec-
retary of the Supreme Executive Council
Received, per account, from 26th September till
22d October, 1787, inclusive, 102 4
David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treasurer.
Received of him, on order of Council, on account,
salary, 107 14 4
£253 17 10
Supra Cr.
By David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treasurer.
Paid him on account, November 26, 1787, 12 19 3
Ditto, December 10, 22 9 9
35 9
By pay of Officers of Government for 1787.
For his salary, from 26th September till 22d
October, 1787, at £500, 56 6 9
By contingent Expences of Government for 1787.
Paid for wafers, ribbon, parchment, lib. pumice
stone, and for pasting up advertisements, 10 8 3
Balance due by John Armstrong 151 13 10
£253 17 10
Examined and Settled, December 14th, 1787.
SUPREME EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. 469
Account of CHARLES BIDDLE, Esq. Secretary, from 23d
October, 1787, till 23d January, 1788.
Charles Biddle, Esq. Secretary, Dr.
To account of Fees received in the Office of the
Secretary of the Supreme Executive Council.
RECEIVED, per account, from 23d October 1787,
till 23d January 1788, £322 16
Supra Cr.
By David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treasurer.
Paid him on account, January 10,1788,
Ditto 24th,
Ditto. February 5th,
113 10 3
By pay of Officers of Government for 1788.
For his salary, one quarter, ending 23d January,
1788,
By contingent Expences of Government for 1788.
Paid for glazing done in Council room, for re-
moving and putting up a stove, for a shret iron
ash bucket, sweeping the chimney, and for
wafers, ^ ^ ^
Balance due by Charles Biddle 13 10
£322 16
, £63
40
10 10
3
187 10
The Account of CHARLES BIDDLE. Esq. from 23d January to
23d April, 1788.
Charles Biddle, Esq. Secretary, Dr.
To account of Fees received in the Office of the
Secretary of the Supreme Executive Council.
RECEIVED, per account, in the period aforesaid, £401 13 2
Supra Cr.
By David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treasurer.
Paid him on account, April 28th, 1788, £81 1 8
Ditto do. 80
Ditto May 6th 40 19 3
202 11
By pay of Officers of Government for 1788.
For his salary from 23d Jan. till 23d April 1788,
inclusive, 187 10
By contingent Expences of Government for 1788.
Paid for 6000 large wafers, and for repai ing two
locks in the Council room, 12 2 3
£401 13 2
470 ACCOUNTS OF SECRETARY OF
The Account of CHARLES BIDDLE, Esq. from 24th April till
23d July 1788, inclusive.
Charles Biddle, Esq. Secretary, Dr.
To account of Fees received dn the Office of the
Secretary of the Supreme Executive Council.
RECEIVED by him in the period aforesaid, per
account, • £254 12 7
Supra Cr.
By David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treasurer.
Paid him on account. August9th, 1788, £50
Ditto, 15th .... 395
53 9 5
By pay of Officers of Government for 1788.
For one quarter's salary, ending the23d July, 1788, 187 10
By contingent Expences of Government for 1788.
Paid for wafers, ribbon, ink. and for removing
the stove • ^^ ^^ ^
£254 12 7
The Account of CHARLES BIDDLE, Esq. from the 24th July
till 23d October, 1788, inclusive.
Charles Biddle, Esq. Secretary, Dr.
To account of Fees received in the Office of the
Secretary of the Supreme Executive Council.
RECEIVED during the period aforesaid, per ac-
count, £254 3 1
Supra Cr.
By David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treasurer.
Paid him on account, October 9th, 1788, £45
Ditto November 3d, 20 5 7
65 5 7
By pay of Officers of Government for 1788.
For his salary, one quarter, ending 23d Octoher,
1788
By contingent Expences of Government for 1788.
Paid for Jefferson's map for Council, for a hank
of twine, and repairs of a lock 1 '^ 6
£254 3 1
187 10
SUPREME EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. 471
The Account of CHARLES BIDDLE, Esq. from 23d October,
1788. till 23d January, 1789, Inclusive.
Charles Biddle, Esq. Secretary, Dr.
To account of Fees received an the Office of the
Secretary of the Supreme Executive Council.
RECEIVED during the period aforesaid, per ac-
count, £216 9 11
Balance overpaid, 10
£216 19 11
Supra Cr. v
By David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treasurer.
Paid him on account, January, 1789, £13 10 2
By pay of Officers of Grovernment for 1789.
For one quarter's salary, due 23d January, 1789, 187 10
By contingent Ezpences of Government for 1789.
Paid for wafers, ribbon, sand, pounce, and for
glazing done at the windows 15 19 9
£216 19 11
The Account of CHARLES BIDDLE, Esq. from the 24th Janu-
ary till 23d April, 1789, inclusive.
Charles Biddle, Esq. Secretary, Dr.
To account of Fees received dn the Office of the
Secretary of the Supreme Executive Council.
RECEIVED during the period aforesaid, per ac-
count £248 14 8
Supra Cr.
Balance due at last settlement, 10
By David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treasurer.
Paid him on account. May 6th, 1789 £45 12 7
By pay of Officers of Government for 1789.
For his salary, one quarter, ending23d April, 1789, 187 10
By contingent Expences of Government for 1789.
Paid for ink-stands, quils, ink, wafers, ribbon,
repairing a desk, pasting up proclamations,
moving and fixing up a ttove 15 2 1
£248 14 8
472 ACCOUNTS OF SECRETARY OF
Account of CHARLES BIDDLE, Esq. Secretary, from 25th
April, till 23d July, 1789, inclusive.
Charles Biddle, Esq. Secretary, Dr.
To account of Fees received dn the Office of the
Secretary of the Supreme Executive Council.
RECEIVED within the period aforesaid, per ac-
count _ . £209 1 2
Supra Cr.
By David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treasurer.
Paid him on account, July 25, 1789 18 9
By pay of Officers of Government for 1789.
For his salary, one quarter, ending 23d July, 1789, 187 10
By contingent Expences of Government for 1789.
Paid for wafers, and removing the stove, 3 10 5
£209 1 2
The Account of CHARLES BIDDLE, Esq. from 24 July till 23d
Octoher, 1789.
Charles Biddle, Esq. Secretary, Dr.
To account of Fees received dn the Office of the
Secretary of the Supreme Executive Council.
RECEIVED within the period aforesaid, per ac-
count £196 7
Supra Cr.
By Christian Febiger, Esq. Treasurer.
Paid him on account, December 14th, 1169, 4 19 3
By pay of Officers of Government for 1789.
For one quarter's salary, ending the 23d October,
1789, 187 10
By contingent Expences of Government for 1789.
Paid for wafers, and postage of public letters, .. 3 17« 9
#
£196 7
SUPREME EXECUTIVE COUXCII.. 473
The Account of CHARLES BIDDLE. Esquire, from the 24th of
October 1789, till 23d January 1790, inclusive.
Charles Biddle, Esq. Secretary, Dr.
To account of Fees received in the Office of the
Secretary of the Supreme Executive Council.
RECEIVED during the period aforesaid, per ac-
count, £214 15 3
Supra Cr.
By Christian Febiger, Esq. Treasurer.
Pa;id him, on account, February 16th, 1790, 15 5 5
By pay of OflScers of Government for 1790.
For one quarter's salary, due January 23, 1790, . . 187 10
By contingent Expences of Government for 1790.
Paid for ribbon, parchment, wafers, quills and
twine, 11 19 lo
£214 15 3
Gomptroller-General's Office,
February 20th, 1790.
Examined and settled,
JOHN NICHOLSON.
(474)
STATE OF THE ACCOUNTS
OP THE
PENNSYLVANIA INDIAN
COMMISSIONERS.
1784-1785.
(475)
(476)
state of the Accounts of the PENNSYLVANIA INDIAN COM-
MISSIONERS, Appointed to Purchase from those Nations
claiming the same, the unpurchased Territory within the
limits of Pennsylvania.
The Hon. Sam. J.Attlee, Esq. Francis Johnston and
Will. Maclay, Esqrs. Commiss. Dr. to Sundries.
David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treasurer.
Received of him on an order of council.
September 1st, 1784, £3375
Ditto do. do. 400
Ditto do. do. 14th, 600
Ditto do. balance 14th Mar. 1785, 484 9 3
4859 9 3
Expences of a Negotiation with the Indi-
ans in 1784 & 1785, for the unpurchas-
ed lands within the Terri.of Pennsylva.
Sold to Daniel Broadheai, jun. the fol-
lowinggoodspartof thosewhich had been
purchased by the state for the Indian
treaty, viz. 5 pieces & 14 yds. stroud, 6
pair blankets, 3201b. lead, 1 piece half-
thicks, 3 laced hats, 2 plain do. 8 pi3ces
of callico, 2 doz. calico handkerchiefs,
131b. thread, 45 half pieces of ribbond, 3
doz. & 11 cutteaus, 6 doz. thimbles, 5 doz.
penknives, 2 doz. & 10 shears, 3 doz. scis-
sars, 10 coarse combs, 3 doz. fine combs,
45 looking glasses, 1561b. brass kettles as-
sorted. 351b. mo^k wampum, 121b. vermil.
19 yds. scarlet cloth, 2 pieces embossed
serge, 1 gro&s bed-lace, 251b. brass wire,
6% doz. pipes, 1451b. tobacco, 58 callico
shirts, 70 white linea do. 32 pairs 2V2 point
match-coats. 5I/2 pair of IVz point do. Zjfj
doz. black silk handkerchiefs, 1000 flints,
2% gross gartering, 60 silver ihair plates,
23 arm-bands, 30 gorgets, 27 moons, 18
hair pipes, 6 doz. silver rings, 152501b.
black wampum, 3^/4 qr. casks powaer, 1
bbl. containing 26 gals, rum, 1 old horse-
man's tent, 2 pair coarse sheets, Isaddle
& bridle, £732 13 1
Sold to Devereux Smith, 3 bbls. con-
taining 85 gals, rum, at 12s 6 53 2 C
Carried forward, £785 15 7 4859 9 3
(477)
478 ACCOUNTS OF PENNSYLVANIA
The Hon. Sam. J. Attlee, Fran. Johnston and
W. Maclay,
Commissioners Dr. to Sundries, bro't forward, £4859 9 3
Expences of Negotiation with the In-
dians, &c. continued, £785 15 7
Sold two of the tents received of Cap-
tain Stiles, for 2 5
Sold 7 horses 1 for £20, 1 for £16, 1 for
£23, 1 for £20, 1 for £6 10, and the other
two at auction, neat proceeds thereof,
£21 19 4, 107 9 4
Soldone matross, bolster and pillow for 3
898 9 11
£5757 19 2
Sundries Dr. to the Hon. Sam. J. Attlee, Fran.
Johnston and Will. Maclay, Esqrs. Commis-
sioners.
Expences of a Negotiation with the Indians, in
1784 & 1785, for the unpurchased lands with-
in the Territory of Pennsylvania.
Paid sundry persons for the following goods pur-
chased for the Indian nations and delivered (except
what are sold and herein before accounted for) in
presents, the presents delivd. at both treaties
amount at prime cost to £257 4 1, & in full con-
sideration of the purchase money of 7,000 dollars,
as stipulated for the grant of lands, per the deeds
executed to the state of Pennsylvania at the treaties
of FortnStanwdx & Fort-Mackintash, *save £375
• By these deeds the six Indian nations, Mohawks, Onel-
das, Onondagoes, Cayugas, Senecas, and Tuscaroras, for
themselves, their confederates, and dependent tribes, on
Oct. 23, 1784, sell, alien and connrm to Pennsylvania, all
that country which before remained unpurchased, viz. be-
gin, south-side of the river Ohio, where the western bound-
ary of the state crosses said river, near Shlngos old town,
at the mouth of Beaver oreek and thence by a due north
line to the end of tne 42d. and beginning of 43d degree of
north latitude, thence by a due east line separating the 42d
and 43d degrees of north latitude to the east-side of the
branch of the river Susquehannah, thence by tne bounds of
the late purchase made at Fort-Stanwlx, Nov. 5th. 1768.
and down the same to the west branch of Susquehannah,
thence across the said river, and running up the same on
the south-side thereof, the several courses thereof to the
forks of the said river, which lies nearest to a place on the
river Ohio, called Kittaning, and irom the fork by a
straight line to the Kittaning aforesaid, thence down the
said river Ohio by the several courseb thereof to the place
of beginning. For which the consideration of 5000 dollars
was glvep
INDIAN COMMISSIONERS. 479
Sundries Dr. to the Hon. Samuel J. Attlee, Francis
Johnston, & Will. Maclay, Esqrs. Commissioners.
Expences of a Negoliation with the In-
dians, &c. continued.
worth of goods and two good rifles which
are ye^ to be delivered to the six nations,
the latter on the 1st of Apr. and the
former by the 1st of Oct. next, and for
the delivery of which the obligation of
the commissioners on the part of this
state hath be;n given. E;gh een pieces
of half-thicks knapped and pl3 n, 187^^
yards of embossed serge, 17 pieces and
280 pair match-coats, 10 pair blankets, 30
pair strouds, 9IV4 yards of scarlet cloth,
226 square and pocket looking glasses, 20
doz. silk handkerchiefs, 12 gross garter-
ing, 12 doz. Dandruff combs, 6 doz. un-
tangling combs, 6 doz. horn do. IVz doz.
thread, 24 doz. thimbles, 118 h?lf pieces
of ribbond, 10 gross bedlace, 901b. vermil-
ion, 46120 wampum, 10 doz. sham stag
cutteaus. 21 buff lo cutteaus, 11 doz. pis-
tol cap knives. 8 doz. penknives, 12 doz.
pair shears, 12 doz. pair sc ssars, 5 M
needles. 6 pieces callimancoe's. 20001b.
lead, 1001b. brass wire, 31 saddles, 20
bridles, 70 brass kettles, 320 gals, rum,
834 yards callico, 6 dozen printed lawn
handker. 3 pieces long lawn, 472 yds.
Irish linen, 221b. thread, 42 gold laced
hats, 12 do. velvet bound, 4 fine do. 5O00O
flints, 43 silver armbands, 49 hair pipes, 6
doz. nose crosses, 14 doz. silver rings, 30
doz. broaches, 32 do. wristbands, 6531b
tobacco, 20 doz. pipes, 180 tomahawks, 2
tin camp kettles, 60 camp axes, 60 hair
plates, 30 gorgats, 27 moons, 216 linen
shirts, 25 callico do. 6 blankets, 7^^ yds.
And on the 21st of January the Wyandot and Delaware
nations for themselves, their confederate and dependent
tribes. In consideration of 2000 dollars, sell, alien and for-
ever confirm to the state of Pennsylvania, their right and
title to the lands and country above described.
480 ACCOUNTS OF PENNSYLVANIA
Sundries Dr. to the Hon. Samuel J. Attlee, Francis
Johnston, & Will. Maclay, Esqrs. Commissioners.
Expences of a Negotiation with the In-
dians, &c. continued.
oznabrigs 113% yds. ticklingburg, and
for trunlts, bales, packages & covers, also
for making 160 white ruffled sliirts, & 204
callico do. out of the linen & callico pur-
chased, likewise the expences of trans-
portation, commissions lor purchasing &
the other contingent charges thereupon, £2836 18 8
Paid for the following stores for the
useof commissioners on tlie northern and
west-; reaties, viz 28;ilb. leaf sugar, 2 cwt.
muscovado do. 120y2lb. coffee, 1001b. cho-
colate, 2 quar. casks contain. ng QbVz galls.
Maidaira wine, £2 galls, spiris, 3G kegs
of biscuit, 1 bbl. Irish mess beef, 5 doz.
claret, lease do. 4 stalks of oil, 401b. soap,
661/2 lb. spermaceti candl s, 8 bottles
capers, 2 bo. tie? cayene peppe", 21b. bot-
tled mustard, 2 jugs do. 6 gals, wine vine-
gar, 41o pepper, 1 d3z. ta'jle spoons, 1 doz.
wines, 2 setts of large cups & sawcers, a
grid iron, a frying pan, 2 setts knives, 1
salt, 2 large pewter teapots, 1 doz plates,
2 pewicr dishes, 1 doz. teaspoons, 1 cop-
per ketil:-, 1 da coffeepot 4 black jacks, 2
trunks, 6 double rose blankets, 3 mat-
trasses, 3 bolsters, 3 pillows, 3 pillow
cases, 3 bed cases, 5 pair sheets, 6 camp
stools, and for stationary 231 9
Paid by the Hon. Samuel J. Attlee, for
2 riding horses, for travelling expences,
charges of keeiing 2 horscs from 26th,
last Nov. to 24th, Feb. ult. also for his
boarding in Ph.ladel. &c. per acct. &
receipts, 90 5 10
Paid by Col. Francis .lohnston, the
traveling expences of the commissioners,
shoeing the horses, pasture f.ir do. for
four horses bought, tavern expences at
Pittsburs, stationary, for horse keeping
in Phiiadel. tor a trunk, in part for trans-
portation from Albany to fcrt Stanwix,
the pay of the Indian interpreters, per
account and receip;s, 313 18 1
Carried forward 3472 11 11
INDIAN COMMISSIONERS.
481
Sundries Dr. to the Hou. Samuel J. Attlee, Francis
Johnston, & Will. Maclay Esqrs. Commissioners.
Expences of a Negotiation with the Indians, in 1784
and 1785, &c. brought fonvard £3472 11 11
Paid by Griffith Evans, secretary and
storekeeper, for portage of goods, his
own travelling expences, freight of cer-
tain articles, to New-York, balance for
transportation of goods and stores from
Albany to fort Stanwix, fOi hams, butter,
potatoes, & other vegetables, for the use
of the commissioners, &c. for a large
double blankec, horse shoeing, one boat,
pilotage, one horse, tavern expences at
Pittsburg, horse keeping at Philadel. Mrs.
Bogart, for his boarding «& the expence of
a room transacting business for the com-
missi. &c. per acct. & rec 131 10
For the pay of Sam. J. Attlee, Esq. as
commissi, from the 1st, Sep. last to 11th,
inst.iuclus.ve, 192 days at 6 dols. per day, 432
For the pay of Col. Francis Johnston,
as commissioner, from 25th, August last
to the 1st, instant inclusive, 188 days at
6 dols 423
Do. of Griffith Evans, as secre. & store-
keeper, from 31st, Aug. last to 7th inst.
inclusive, 189 days at 15s 141 15
4600 16 11
William Maclay, Esq., commissioner.
Paid him at sund.
pences,
times on acct. of his pay & ex-
96 19 2
Daniel Broadhead, jun. Merchant.
For the goods purchased by him from the com-
missioners payable in 6 months, from the 27th Jan-
uary, and for which he hath drawn an order ac-
cepted bv General Broadhead, and herewith ren-
dered 732 13 1
Capt. James O'Hara.
Due by him being a balance of the money put
into his hands to purchase Ind. goods, &c. and for
which he hath drawn an order accepted by William
Bell, merch, of this city an^i now payable,
29G 9
Carried over.
31-7-3d Ser.
£5726 9 11
482 ACCOUNTS OF PENNSYLVANIA
Sundries Dr. to the Hon. Samuel J. Attlee, Francis
Johnston, & Will Maclay, Esqrs. Commissioners.
Expences of a Negotiation with the Indians, in 1784
and 1785, &c. brought forward, £5726 9 11
Mr. Devereaux Smith.
The balance due for 3 barrels of rum sold him by
the commissioners, for payment of which O'Hara,
hath given his note 31 9 3
£5767 19 2
Examined and Settled March 14th, 1785.
State of the Account of WILLIAM M'CLAY, Esq. Commissioner
for negociating with the Indians.
William M'Clay, Esq. Commissioner, Dr. To Sundries.
The Honorable Sam. J. Attlee, Francis Johnston,
and William M'Clay, Esquires, commissioners
Received of them on account, £96 19 2
Expences of a negociatiop with the Indians in 1784,
& 1785, for tiie unpurchased lands within the ter-
ritories of Pennsylvania.
For the value of a mare which was purchased for
the use of the commissioner, estimated to be
worth 16
Balance due by the State, carried to another ac-
count with the Commonwealth, 109 17 iV2
222 16 eVa
Contra Cr.
By Expences of a negociation with the Indians in
1784, & 1785. for the unpurchased lands within
the territories of Pennsylvania.
Paid by him for a mare, the expences
of keeping a horse, which fell lame, and
sundry incidental charges, per account, £42 16 6V2
For his pay as commissioner, 80 days,
at 6 dollars 180
222 16 61^
Examined ard Settled Aug. 10th, 1785.
INDIAN COMMISSIONERS. 483
Slate of the Account of FRANCIS JOHNSTON, Esquire.
Francis Johnston, Esq. Dr. To David Rittenhouse, Esq.
Treasurer.
Received of him to purchase goods for the Indians
September 5th, 1785 ' £375
Contra Cr.
By Expences of a negotiation with the Indians in
1784, & 1785, for the unpurchased lands within
the territory of Pennsylvania.
Paid for the following goods to be sent
to William M'Clay. Esquire, at Northum-
berland, and by him to be delivered to
the Indians, being for the last payment
of 1000 dollars, and in full of the pur-
chase money, vz. 8 pieces blue stroud,
20 pair of 3 point match coats, 60 pair 2i^
point do. 14 yards of scarlet broad-cloth,
29 yards scarlet flannel, 100 white ruffled
shirts, 50 callico do. 18 castor hats, 6 doz.
readying combs, 2 doz. ivory do. 251b. Ver-
million, 50 gallons of Barbadoes rum, 2
qr. casks contain. SGlb. gun powder, 5001b.
bar lead, 3001b. leaf tobacco, 3 pieces of
gartering, 10 doz. pipes, 2 trunks, 3 bar-
rels and 5 ten gallon kegs, £321 12 4
His commissions on purchasing at 5
per cent 14 \ 7
Paid for load:ng, and in part for trans-
porting said goods to Sunbury 9 7 6
345 1 5
By David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treasurer.
Paid him the balance, Sept. 8th, 1785, 29 18 T
375 O'
Examined and settled,
JOHN NICHOLSON.
Comptroller-General's Office, )
September 10th 1785. j"
-1S4 ACCOUNTS OF PENNSYLVANIA
suite of the Account of WILLIAM M'CLAY, Esquire, appointed
by Council to deliver out the goods of the last payment to the
Indians
William M'Clay, Esq. Dr. to David Rittenhouse, Esq.
Treasurer.
aEC. of him on ace. Sept. 16th, 1785, . . .£100
Do. balance. March 20th, 1786, ... 316 13 6
416 13 6
Contra Cr.
By Expences of a Negociation with the
Indians in 1784 & 1785, for the unpur-
chased lands, within the territory of
Pennsylvania.
Paid the expences of delivering the In-
<dia,n goods, which were purchased the 5th
September, 1785, being detained from
20th September till 10th December, going
from Sunbury to Tioga, waiting for the
coming in of the Indians, delivering the
â– eloathing, and returning, viz.
Paid waggonage and his expences, for
-cooperage of casks for flour casks, for
salt, for 11 barrels cont. 22 cwt. flour, for
Tenjson, for the hire of boats, bo^^tmen
and their provisions, porterage of the
â– goods, powder for the Indians to hunt
with for provisions until the rest should
arrive, wages for a messenger into the
Crennosee country, for fish, for leather
and mockisons for the Indian runntis,
dfor a tent for the Cayuga chief, for 45
iushels corn, 35 bushels do. a beef cow,
56 bushels turnips, 7 bushels potatoes,
one beef, wages of a messenger a second
trip into the Indian country, for 3 beeves
.and venison, some jews harps pipes and
toys for the Indians, soap and a few
imives, John Ray, for serving out provis-
ions, getting firewood, putting out the
Indians, goods to dry, for 3 beef cattle
and 15 bushels corn, hire of a canoe, gun-
â– amith for repairs done the Indian's
iriflea, and for his own expences on the
"Jbusiness aforesaid, £220 18 6
Por bis pay for services, as aforesaid,
from 5th Septemb. till 10th Dec. 1785,
<«mp]oyed 87 days, at £2 5 per uay 195 15
416 13 6
. Examined and Settled March 20th, 1786.
INDIAN COMMISSIONERS. *&.'
State of sundry Accounts.
Expences of a Negociation with the Indians in 1784
and 1785, for the unpurchased lands wdthin the
territory of Pennsylvania,
Dr. To David Rittenhouse, Esq. Treasurer.
Paid Francis Johnston, Esq. for two elegant rifles
made, one for Aaron Hill of the Mohawk, and the
otherfor John Obeal of the Seneca nation, promised
them by the Indian Commissioners at the treaty,
and sent to Mr. M'Clay, by whom they were in-
trusted to Daniel M'Dowell, to be delivered to the
said chiefs. Apr. 7, 1785 £22 10 (-*
Paid Samuel Montgomery Esq. sundry disburse-
ments he had made for the Pennsylvania Indian
commissioners, for transporting stores and baggage
from the Mohawk to lake Oswego down the Sus-
quehannah. and on the way from thence to Carlisle,
May 4th, 1785 14 17 2
Paid Francis Johnston, Esq. for a case for the
two rifles above, for engraving the names of the
chiefs thereon, and ^Ib. powder 11 9
Paid John Boyd, Esq. for a like sum he paid at
Northumberland for cleaning and repairing the
said rifles, damaged on their way from Philadel-
phia 1 fy
Paid Franci-s Johnston Esquire, for carriage of
two rifle guns, and a balance to the waggoner who
carried up Indian goods, Sept. 23d. 1785 ^ ^ (j
Messrs. Picker. ng and Hodgdon rent of stores for
the Indian goo:ls. July 19th, 1785 1 13 4
49 13 2
Examined and settled,
JOHN NICHOLSON-
Comptroller-General's Office, 1
July 10th, 1786. J
(486)
/ V d n
REPORT OF THE
REGISTER-GENERAL
RELATIVE TO THE
REVENUE AND EXPENDITURES
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA.
1790.
(487)
SIR
I HAVE the nonor to Inclose, for the inspection of the
Honorable Committee of Ways and Means, a State of the Reve-
nues, Expences and Debia of this State, so far as it has been in
my power to ascertain them; together "with some general ob-
servations, or plan of arrangement: Which I humbly submit
to the consideration of the Honcrable Committee.
I have the honor to be,
"With greac vespect,
Your most obedient.
Most humble Servant,
JOHN DONNALDSON,
Register-General's Office,
August 26th, 1790.
To FRANCIS GURNET, Esquire,
Chairman of the Honorable
Committee of Ways and Means.
(488)
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51G REPORT OF THE
GENERAL OBSERX'ATIONS
ON THE FOKEGOINU
STATEMENT.
THE loan of £50,000 principal being appropriated to the re-
demption of the bills of credit of March 16th 1785, if the sum
proposed to be destroyed and provided for in the general reve-
nue is burnt, then the balance due on said loan-office will be
equal to the balance outstanding of Tiid bills of credit and will
require no further provision for the redemption of the same,
per aticles 1 and 2.
The balance due on the loan-ofHce of £150,000 principal being
appropriated for the redemption of the bills of June 1st 1780,
and the balance due on said loan-office being nearly double the
sum outstanding of the said bills, exclusive of the sum in the
possession of Thomas Smith, Esq.; Continental Loan-Officer,
which the United States ought to deliver and debit this state
with, no further provision is necessary for the redemption of
the said bills of June 1780. See articles 3 and 4.
The State-Island money, of which there is only £726 15 out-
standing and of- which little more may be expected to be
brought into the treasury. Perhaps a limited time for the ex-
change of said bills in conformity to the act of the 25th March
1780, would be the best mode of extinguishing this debt.
The notes issued for payment of interest, per act of the 16th
March 1783, on which the balance is small. Perhaps a limited
time for bringing them anto the treasury for exchange may be
necessary.
The excise being appropriated to the payment of interest on
depreciation certificates, i' will remain sufficient for that pur-
pose so long as held by the state, or until the payment of in-
terest on the state debts by the United States operates. It was
not in the power of the Register to ascertain the amount in
circulation, for want of a return of the sum issued and received
by the Comptroller, as well as those that were declared to
escheat to the state by act of the 25th March 1786. However,
the balance stated in articles 7 and 14 may be considered as a
larger sum than would appear to be in circulation, from the
payments of interest on the funded certificates at the treasury.
The funded state debt is incompleat, for the reasons stated
above, per article 15.
Of the new-loan debt, per article 16, have taken the amount
that the Comptroller supposes he should issue, in his statement
of November 1787, and which he states as issued, in his state-
ment of 8th November, 1788. By an act of 30th September 1789,
the accounts and certificates to be exchanged were submitted
to the Register, to be examined and entered, whish continued to
REGISTER GENERAL. 517
operate until repealed by an act of the 1st April 1790, which re-
quired, that the new loan certificates received in exchange shall
be delivered once in each monih to the Register-General, and
cancelled. — Of which, as yet, no return hath been made.
Of continental certificates. — Article 17 exhibits the amount
the Comptroller General has received from the land-office, and
the supposed amount on lean. The balance is what he has to
account for, exclusive of any other sum he may have received
for property or debts of the state. He has paid over to the
Treasurer 302.04?!^ dollars, per act of 1st April 1790, and there
remains yet to be paid £334,138 10 8, on which, as well as those
paid the Treasurer, interest will be calculated to the 31st De-
cember 1787, and credited his account.
The grant to the late Proprietors is fully stated in articles 5
and 28.
But should not the proposed plan of funding this debt be
adopted, a sum of money may be borrowed by this state in
Europe, on the credit of her funds, at an interest of 5 per cent,
or less, and applied to the discharge of this debt, which will
probably terminate with more advantage to the state than part-
ing with the certificates.
The amount of indents stated to be in the Comptroller's pos-
session, per article 9, may serve :o shew the probable amount;
but it cannot be stated with accuracy, until the exchange of
certificates .is compleated. It will nut vary, only where there
may have been errors in calculating the interest at that treas-
ury.
The interest on the continental and new-loan certificates is
carefully calculated from the different dates of interest to the
31sL December 1787, and the Comptroller charged with the
principal and interest on said certificates, and will be credited
with principal and interest on those he may pay to the State
Treasurer, per act of 1st April 1790. In like manner, the bal-
ance will shew the indents he will have. This is confined to
the certificates he received from the land-office. What further
sum he may have received the Register could procure no ac-
count of.
Arrearages of specie taxes are fully stated in article 12. Of
these, about £120,000 are due on taxes from 1785 to 1789, and
may be considered as efl[icient. The arrears for 1781, 2, and 3,
will probably be subjected to further deductions than estimated.
The sum brought into the treasury for ten months, from 1st
October 1789 to 31st July 1790, per schedule, £73,309 17 3, is
nearly equal to what was produced the thirteen months pre-
ceeding September 1789; from which it may be concluded, that
at least £79.890 13 3 will be brought into the treasury in the
course of the year, beginning at Ist October next. The sum
that may be expected to be paid from the 31st July and 1st
October, to compleat this year, will be principally applied to
the reducing of claims stated for the next year, and will not of
course affect this statement.
The state of revenues and expenditures, per article 20, shews,
that to fully and honorably comply with the claims on the state
a further sum than the interest on certificates and .indents from
â– the United States, and what can be depended upon from the
arrears of taxes and impost, must be provided, especially as the
518 REPORT OF THE
first payment of the interest "will not commence until the 31st
March 1791, and only three quarterly payments of interest be-
come due to 1st October 1791, the period when the state ac-
counts are annually closed. Therefore a tax for half the
amount of the late funding tax is proposed, to compleat these
engagements.
The arrearages of state money taxes, together with the
amount paid into the loan office for one-fourth the arrears of
purchase money, are appropriated for the redemption of the bills
of credit of April 1781, and the certificates issued for horses,
&c. payable in that money. These funds, per articles 22 and
24, will be found more than adequate for the redemption of the
said bills of credit and certificates, per articles 23 and 25, the
latter of which will escheat to the state, if not brought into the
treasury on or before the 1st January 1791. So that in another
year the monies in the land-office will probably be liberated,
and may be applied to other purposes of government.
The arrears of continental taxes being appropriated for the
redemption of the resolve and commonwealth money, the most
of which may be considered as lost, will be irredeemable oy the
state, if not paid into the treasury on or before the 1st Janu-
ary 1791, after which whatever sums may come .into the treas-
ury from said taxes may be subscribed to the continental loan,
per act of 4th August 1790. The Register here sumbits to the
consideration of the Honorable Committee, whether some
mode may not be adopted to ease the payments of these taxes,
by receiving certificates in payment at the same ratio that
these bills of credit are funded at by the United States.
Under the 26Lh article I have stated the neat produce of the
sum allotted for the payment of the interest on tne certificates
issued for the debts of this state, for the a,mount of which the
state wall be entitled to draw the interest for the non-sub-
acribing creditors, and therefore will be more than sufficient to
discharge the demands for these aebtti. If the requisitions and
appropriations, as before stated, are complied with, the state
will be relieved from considerable burthenb, and her revenues
for the year 1792 will stand thus .
Amount cf civil list 24800
Claims and .improvements 5000
Inland navigation and roads, 5000
One year's interest on proprietary debt^, if the cer-
tificates should not be paia, i^r the debt funded,. . 11051 15 8
45851 15 8
Surplus, , 47575 13 8
£93427 9 5
Cr.
By the probable product of marriage and tavern
licences, fees of land-office, tax on writs, vendue
sales, and annual interest on loans 14000
Carried forward £14000
[The balance of this Report seems to be missing.]
OBSERVATIONS
American Revolution
PUBLISHED
RESOLUTION OF THE CONGRESS.
1779.
(519)
The Document which follows, comes here properly and in
place. It is the Report of the Committee of Congress, specially
appointed, for "the consideration of those who are desirous of
comparing the conduct of the opposed Parties and the several
consequences which have flowed from it." The Report was
printed and sent to all the Colonies.
(520)
c
OBSERVATIONS
AMERICAN REVOLUTION.
THE efforts of Great-Britain to reduce tliese United States
being now almost brought to a period; it is proper that the
citizens of America should look over the ground they have
trodden. This becomes necessary in order that the present
generation may fully comprehend those two points which pos-
terity indeed will perceive at a single glance, but which it is
of importance to the consciences of men to be well informed
of now. For certainly it becomes us to know that the contest
which hath emancipated our country, originated with our
enemies, and hath been by them urged on for the purposes of
domination; while on our part every step hath been taken
consistent with possible safety to deprecate their vengeance
and avert the calamities of war.
For the better understanding this important subject, we
mus', take a cursory view of the British colonies before the
revolution, previous to which it may be necessary to make
some few remarks on the circumstance of colonization. This
tho' it introduced new incidents not to be met with in the
antient histories of human affairs, neither did or could intro-
duce any new reason or new maxims of justice.
The great principle therefore is and ever will remain in
force, that MEN ARE BY NATURE FREE. As accountable
to him that made them, they must be so; and so long as we
have any idea of divine justice, we must associate that of
human freedom. Whether men can part with their liberty is
among the questions which have exercised the ablest writers;
but it is conceded on all hands, that the right to be free can
never be alienated. Still less is it practicable for one genera-
tion to mortgage the privileges of another. The right of a
(521)
522 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
state over its own members hath also been brough: into ques-
tion; and there are not wanting authorities to shew, that citi-
zens who renounce allegiance and protection may fly from the
territories of the state, and erect new independent govern-
ments in new countries. Be this as it may, the point is clear
that when the consent of government is obtained, the in-
dividuals are again in a state of nature; alike free either to
submit to a society existing or to establish one. as their in-
terest or their inclination may prompt. Here then is the situa-
tion of those who wearied with the contentions and oppressions
of the old world, boldly threw themselves upon the protection
of Providence to explore the new, and traversed the ocean to
inhabit a wilderness amid nations of barbarous foes. These
first adventurers, inspired by freedom, supported by industry,
and protected by Heaven, became inured to toil, to hardship,
and to war. In spite therelore of every obstacle they obtained
a settlement; and then turned their attention to the security
of those equal rights for which they had encountered so many
perils and inconveniencies. For this purpose they framed in-
dependent cons:itutions; and these however different in form,
were all inspired by the same spirit, and all founded on that
eternal maxim of free governments, that no man can be bound
by laws to which he does not consent. These little republics
soon began to flourish with a vigor and beauty adequa;e to the
radical energy of their first principle. Of consequence they be-
came a desirable object tc that genius of enterprize which had
animated the monarchies of Europe. On the other hand, their
weakness required some antient trunk to support them for a
while in the storm of ambition. Our ancestors therefore,
stimulated by their necessities, and seduced by ancient habits,
and the remembrance of former friendships and connections,
were easily prevailed on to subject themselves to the king of
England, in consequence of his solemn promise to afford them
protection in common with all his other subjects against
foreign force and internal violence. The British colonies then,
under that name, were in fact so many independent states,
whose only political connection with each other and with the
several parts of the British empire, was by means of a com-
mon sovereign. It followed from their natural and political
situaiion that this connection could not be permanent, and
â– indeed the fabric must have crumbled to pieces "at a much
earlier period if it had not been cemented by the sameness of
manners and language, a striking similiarity of civil institu-
tions, a continued intercourse for tb<- purposes of commerce
and other circumstances of the like kind. For the interests of
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 523
Great-Britain and America were diametrically opposite,
whether we consider them either in a political or commercial
view. It was for instance the interest of Great-Britain, that
needy dependents there should rebuild their shattered fortunes,
her'^. and the wealthy citizens of this country expend their
property at the metropolis. That we should be obliged to
take part in all their wars whether for defence or conquest.
That our trade should be confined to their ports: and finally,
that they should have a power by liiws passed in their par-
liament to bind us in all cases whatsoever; and not only did
the difference of interest work to this end, but nature had so
widely separated the two countries, that it was impossible they
could long have been joined together upon terms even of des-
potism.
From what hath already been spid it must appear, that as
a free people we could not be bound by arbitrary edicts of the
prince, that by still stronger reasons we could not be bound
by the more arbitrary edicts of our fellow subjects; and of
consequence, that altho' the prince and our fellow subjects
r,hould join against us whatever force they might acquire, they
could acquire no right by the union. But it will appear also,
that we had on every principle a right to become independent,
particularly if the crown should violate those contracts which
formed the basis of an union. For let us suppose that when
our ancestors quitted Europe, they went on the general prin-
ciple of disclaiming allegiance to and protection from the
several states of which they were subjects, or that they came
hither with the permission of those states, and even under a
contract with the king of England. And when they arrived
here, let us suppose either that they established independent
governments which afterwards became subject by agreement,
or that a conditional subjection was interwoven in their frame;
— still the existence of the contract remains unimpeached; or
even on a supposition that they had actually bargained for
unconditional submission, still that bargain would have been
from its very nature void as to them; or if not to them, at
least to their offspring; and of consequence from the principle
cf all freB societies, the contract will still result. And it being
evident that the two countries not only had not, but really
could not ihave (on free principles) any political connection but
thro' the prince — so that light exercised in the revolution of
England demonstrated since, and generally admitted, must
necessarily draw with it th" right to independence, which is
above stated.
524 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
Previous to the last war a few acts were passed in England
infringing on the liberties oi America; and but a few for the
two following reasons, 1st Because America was at that
time an object of very little national attention. 2dly. Because
the possessions of the French enabled them to give such
effectual aid .in case of rupture, that it was imprudent to tempt
us too far. These acts however were obeyed, because the re-
straints were of no great consequence; and because we were
too sensible of our weakness to be fully sensible of our rights,
or at least to vindicate them. But during the course of the
war, the weight and magnitude of America became visible; and
at the peace, this great object was (or at least seemed to be)
inseparably annexed to the crown of Britain. On the other
hand, we had felt our own force, and were relieved from a
neighbour whose views at that time cramped our growth and
repressed our efforts. The consequence of tbis change was
instantly perceived. Great-Britain claimed revenue and
dominion. We refused the one. and disputed the other.
The history which Congress gave in their address to America
of October 1774, will on this occasion deserve our serious at-
tention. It is as follows: "Soon after 'the conclusion of the late
war, there commenced a memorable change in the treatment of
these colonies. By a statute made in the fourth year of the
present reign, a time of profound peace, alleging "the expe-
diency of new provisions and regulations for extending the
commerce between Gr;at-Britain and his majesty's dominions
in America, and the necessity of raising a revenue in the said
dominions for defraying the expences of defending, protecting,
and securing the same," the commons of Great-Britain under-
took to give and grant to his majesty many rates and duties,
to be paid in these colonies. To enforce the observance of this
act, it prescribes a great number of severe penalties and for-
feitures; and in two sections makes a remarkable distinction
between the subjects in Great-Britain and those in America.
By the one the penalties and forfeitures incurred there are to
be recovered in any of the king's courts of record at West-
minister, or in the court ol exchequer in Scotland; and by the
other, the penalties and forfeitures incurred here are lo be
recovered in any court of record, or in any court of admiralty.
or vice admiralty, at the election of the informer or prose-
cutor.
The inhabitants of these colonies, confiding in the justice
of Great-Britain, were scarcely allowed sufhcient time to re-
ceive and consider this act before another, well known by the
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 525
name of the stamp act, aud passed in the fifth year of this
reign, engrossed their whole attention. By this statute the
British parliament exercised in the most explicit manner a
power of taxing us, and extending the jurisdiction of courts of
admiralty and vice admiralty in the colonies to matters arising
within the body of a county, and directed the numerous penal-
ties and forfeitures thereby inflicted to be recovered in the said
courts.
In the same year a tax was imposed upon us by an act estab-
lishing several new fees in the customs. In the next year the
stamp act was repealed; not because it was founded in an
erroneous principle, but as the repealing act recites, because
the "continuance thereof would be attended wi;h many
"inconveniencies, and might be productive of consequences
"greatly detrimental to the commiercial interest of Great
"Britain."
In the same year and by a subsequent act it was declared,
"that his majestly in parliament of right had power to bind
"the people of these colonies by statutes in all cases whac-
"soever."
In the same year another act was passed, for imposing rates
and duties payable in these colonies. In this statute the com-
mons avoiding the terms of giving and granting, "humbly be-
"sought his majesty that it might be enacted, &c." But from
a declaration in the preamble, that the rates and duties were
"in lieu of" several others granted by the statute first before
mentioned for raising a revenue, and from some other ex-
pressions it appears that these duties were intended for that
purpose.
In the next year, [1767] an act was made "to enable his
"majesty to put the customs and other duties in America
"under the management of commissioners, &c." And the king
thereupon erected the present expensive board of commis-
sioners, for the express purpose of carrying into execution the
several acts relating to the revenue and trade in America.
After the repeal of the stamp act. having again resigned
ourselves to our ancient unsuspicious affections for the parent
state, and anxious to avoid any controversy with her, in hopes
of a favorable alteration in sentiments and measures towards
us. we did not press our objections against the above men-
tioned statutes made subsequent to that repeal.
52G OBSERVATIONS ON THE
Administration, attributing to trifling causes a conduct tliat
really proceeded from generous motives, were encouraged in
the same year [1767J to malte a bolder experiment on the
patience of America.
By a statute commonly called the glass, paper and tea act,
made fifteen months after the repeal of the stamp act, the com-
mons of Great-Br:tain resumed their former language, and
again undertook to "give and grant rates and duties to be paid
"in these colonies," for the express purpose of "raising a
"revenue to defray the charges of the administration of justice,
"the support of civil government, and defending the king's
"dominions" on this continent. The penalties and forfeitures
incurred under this statute, are to be recovered in the same
manner with those mentioned in the foregoing acts.
To this statute so naturally tending to disturb the tran-
quility then universal throughout the colonies, parliament in
the same session added another no less extraordinary.
Ever since the making the present peace, a standing army
has been kept in these colonies; from respect for the mother
country the innovation was not only tolerated, but the pro-
vincial legislatures generally made provision for supplying the
troops.
The assembly of the province of New-York, having passed
an act of this kind, but differing in some articles from the
directions of the act of parliament made in the fifth year of
this reign, the house of representatives in that colony was
prohibited by a statute made in the last session mentioned,
from making any bill, order, resolution, or vote, except for
adjourning or chusing a speaker, until provision should be
made by the said assembly for furnishing the troops within
that province not only wilh all such necessaries as were re-
quired by the statute which they were charged with disobey. ng,
but also with those required by two other subsequent statutes,
which were declared to be in force until the twenty-fourth
day of March, 1769.
These statutes of the year 1767, revived the apprehensions
and discontents that had entirely subsided on the repeal of the
stamp act; and amidst the just fears and jealousies thereby
occasioned, a statute was made in the next year [17681 to
establish courts of admiralty and vice admiralty on a new
model, expressly for the end of more effectually recovering of
the penalties and forfeitures inflicted by acts of parliament,
framed for the purpose of raising a revenue in America. &c.
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. o2i
Th? immediate tendency of these statutes is, to subvert
the right of having a share in legislation, by render. ng as-
semblies useless; the right of property, by taking the money of
the colonists without their consent; the right of trial by jury,
by substituting in their place trials in adm.ralty and vice ad-
miralty courts, where single judges preside, holding their
commissions during pleasure; and unduly to influence the
courts of common law, by rendering the judges thereof totally
dependent on the crown for their salaries.
These statures, not to mention many other.s exceedingly ex-
ceptionable, compared one with another, will be found not only
to form a regular system, in which every part has great force,
but also a pertinacious adherence to that system for subjugat-
dng these colonies, that are not, and from local circumstances
cannot be represented in .he house of commons, to the un-
controulable and unlimited power of parliament, in violation
of their undoubted rights and liberties— in contempt of their
humble and repeated supplications.
Severe as the acts of parliament before mentioned are, yet
the conduct of administration hath besn equally injurious, and
irritating to this devoted country.
Under pretence of governing them, so many new institutions
uniformly rigid and dangerous have been introduced, as could
only b? expected from incensed masters, for collecting the
tribute or rather the plunder of conquered provinces.
By an order of the king, the authority of the commander
in chief, and under him of the brigadier generals, in time of
peace, is rendered supreme .in all the civil governments in
America; and thus an uncontraulable military power is vested
in officers not known to the constitution of these colonies.
A large body of troops, and a considerable armament of ships
of war, have been sent to assist in taking their money without
their consent.
Expensive and oppressive offices have been multiplied, and
the acts of corruption industriously practised to divide and
destroy.
The judges of the admiralty and vice admiralty courts are
impowered to receive their salaries and fees from the effects
to be condemned by themselves.
The commissioners of .he customs are impowered to break
open and enter houses without the authority ot any civil
magistrate founded on legal information.
528 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
Judges of courts of common law have been made entirely
dependent on the crown for their commissions and salaries.
A court hr^ been established at Rhode-Island, for the pur-
pose of taking colonists to England to be tried.
Humble and reasonable petitions from the representatives of
the people, have been frequently treated with contempt; and
assemblies have been repeatedly and arbitrarily dissolved.
From some few instances it will sufficiently appear, on what
pretences of justice those dissolutions have been founded.
The tranquillity of the colonies having been again disturbed,
as has been mentioned, by the statutes of the year 1767, the
earl of Hillsborough, secretary of state, in a letter to governor
Bernard, dated April 22, 1768, censures the "presumption" of
the house of representatives for "resolving upon a measure of
"so inflammatory a nature, as that of writing to the other
"colonies, on the subject of their intended representations
"against some late ac:s of parliament;" then declares, that "hip
"majesty considers this step as evidently tending to create
"unwarrantable combinations, to excite an unjustifiable oppo-
"sition to the constitutional authority of parliament;" and
afterwards adds, "it is the king's pleasure, that as soon as
"the general court is again assembled, at the time prescribed
"by the charter, you should require of the house of represen-
"tatives, in his majesty's name, to rescind the resolution
"which gave birth to tne circular letter from the speaker, and
"to declare their disapprobation of and dissent to that rash and
"hasty proceeding."
"If the new assembly should refuse to comply with his
"majesty's reasonable expectation, it is the king's pleasure,
"that you should immediately dissolve them."
This letter being laid before the house, and the resolution not
being rescinded according to order, the assembly was dis-
solved. A letter of a similar nature was sent to other gov-
ernors, to procure resolutions, approving the conduct of the
representatives of Massachusetts-Bay, to be rescinded also;
and the houses of representatives in other colonies refusing
to comply, their assemblies were dissolved.
These mandates spoke a language to which the ears of
English subjects had for several generations been strangers.
The nature of assemblies impl es a power and right of delibera-
tion; but these commands, proscribing the exercise or judg-
ment on the propriety of the requisitions made, left to the as-
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 529
semblies onlj' the election between dictated submission, and
tlireatened punishment; a punishment too founded on no other
act than such as is deemed innocent even in slaves — of agree-
ing in petitions for redress of grievances that equally affect all.
The hostile and unjustifiable invasion of the town of Boston
soon followed these events in the same year; though that town,
the province in which it is situated, and all the colonies from
abhorrence of a contest w^th their parent state, permitted the
execution even of those statutes against which ihey so unani-
mously were complaining, remonstrating and supplicating.
Administration, determined to subdue a spirit of freedom
which English ministers should h^ve rejaiced to cherish, en-
tered into a monopolizing combination with tha Easi-India
company, to send to this continent vast quantities of tea, an
article on which a duty was laid by a statute that in a particu-
lar manner attacked the liberties of America, and which there-
fore the inhabitants of these colonies had resolved not to im-
port. The cargo sent to South-Carolina was stored, and not
allowed to be sold. Those sent to Philadelphia and New-York
were not permitted to be landed. That sent to Boston was
destroyed, because governor Hutchinson would not suffer it to
be returned.
On the intelligence of these transactions arriving in Great-
Britain, the public spirited town last mentioned was singled
out for destruction, and it was determined the province it
belongs to should partake of its fate. In the last session of
parliament therefore were passed the acts for shutting up the
ports of Boston, indemnifying the murderers of the inhabitants
of Massachusetts-Bay, and changing their chartered constitu-
tion of government. To enforce these acts, that province is
again invaded by a fleet and army.
To mention these outrageous proceedings, is sufficient to
explain them. For though it is pretended that the province of
Massachusetts-Bay has been particularly disrespectful to Great-
Britain, yet in truth the behaviour of the people in other
colonies, has been an equal "opposition to the power assumed
"by parliament." No step however has been taken against
any of the rest. This artful conduct conceals several designs.
It is expected that the province of Mas;a:hu3e ts-Bay will be
irritated into some violent action that may disple.ise the rest
of the continent, or that may induce the people of Great-
Britain to approve the meditated vengeance of an imprudent
and exasperated ministry. If the unexampled pacific temper
34-7-3d Ser.
530 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
of that province shall disappoint this part of the plan, it is
hoped the other colonies wUl be so far intimidated as to desert
their brethren, suffering in a common cause, and that thus
disunited, all may be subdued.
To promote these designs, another measure has been pursued.
In the session of parliament last mentioned, an act was passed
for changing the government of Quebec, by which act the
Roman catholic religion, instead of being tolerated, as stipu-
lated by the treaty of peace, is established; and the people there
are deprived of a right to an assembly, trials by jury, and the
English laws in civil cases are abolished, and instead thereof
the French laws are established, in direct violation of his
majesty's promise by his royal proclamation, under the faith
of which many English subjects settled in that province; and
the limits of that province are extended so as to comprehend
those vast regions that lie adjoining to the northerly and west-
erly boundaries of these colonies.
The authors of this arbitrary arrangement flatter themselves,
that the inhabitants deprived of liberty, and artfully provoked
against ihose of another religion, will be proper instruments
for assisting in the oppression of such as differ from them in
the modes of government and faith.
From the detail of facts herein before recited, as well as
from authentic intelligence received, it is clear beyond a doubt,
that a resolution is formed and now carrying into execution,
to extinguish the freedom of these colonies by subjecting them
to a despotic government.
For the redress of these grievances, the Congress of America,
instead of flying to arms, which, however justifiable, would
not perhaps have been wise, and which certainly ought as
much as possible to be avoided, presented a petition to the
king, which after taking notice of the several executive and
legislative acts before mentioned, proceeds thus. — "To a
sovereign who glories in the name of Briton, the bare recital
of these acts must, we presume, justify the loyal subjects who
fly to the foot of his throne, and implore his clemency for pro-
tection against them.
From this destructive system of colony administration,
adopted since the conclusion of the last war, have flowe.i those
distresses, dangers, fears and jealousies that overwhelm your
majesty's dutiful colonists with affliction; and we defy our most
subtle and inveterate enemies to trace the unhappy differences
between Great-Britain and these colonies, from an earlier
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 531
period, or from oiher causes, than we have assigned. Had they
proceeded on our own part from a restless levity of temper, un-
just impulses of ambition, or artful suggestions of seditious
persons, we should merit the opprobrious terms frequently be-
stowed upon us by those we revere. But so far from promoting
innovat ons. we have only opposed them; and can be charged
with no offence unless it be one to receive injuries and be
sensible of them.
'Had our creator been pleased to give us existence in a land
of slavery, the sense of our condition might have been miti-
gated by ignorance and habit. But, thanks be to his adorable
goodness, we were born the heirs of freedom, and ever enjoyed
our right under the auspices of your royal ancestors, whose
family was seated on the British throne to rescue and secure a
pious and gallant nation from the despotism of a superstitious
and inexorable tyrant. Your majesty, we are confident, justly
rejoices that your title to the crown is thus founded on the title
of your people to liberty; and therefore, we doubt not but your
royal wisdom must approve the sensibility that teaches your
subjects anxiously to guard the blessing they received from
Divine Providence, and thereby to prove the performance of
that compact which elevated the illustrious house of Bruns-
wick to the imperial dignity it now possesses.
The apprehension of being degraded into a state of servitude
from the pre-eminent rank of English freemen, while our
minds retain the strongest love of liberty and clearly foresee
the miseries preparing for us and our posterity, excites emo-
tions in our breasts, which though we cannot describe, we
should not wish to conceal. Feeling as men, and thinking as
subjects dn the manner we do, silence would be disloyal: y. By
giving this faithful information, we do all in our power to
promote the great objects of your royal cares, the tranquillity
of your government, and the welfare of your people.
Duty to your majesty, and regard for the preservation of
ourselves and our posterity, the primary obligations of nature
and society, command us to entreat your royal attention; and
as your majesty enjoys the signal distinction of reigning over
freemen, we apprehend the language of freemen cannot be
displeasing. Your royal indignation, we hope, will rather fall
on those designing and dangerous men who daringly interpos-
ing themselves between your royal person and your faithful
subjects, and for several years past incessantly employed tu
dissolve the bonds of society, by abusing your majesty's au-
532 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
thority, m'srepresenting your American subjects, and prosecut-
ing the most desperate and irritating projects of oppression,
have at lengih compelled us by the force of accumulated in-
juries, too severe to be any longer tolerable, to disturb your
majesty's repose by our complaints.
These sentiments are extorted from hearts that much more
willingly would tl;ed in your majesty's service. Yet so greatly
have we been misrepresented, that a necessity has been alleged
of taking our property from us without our consent, "to defray
the charge of the administration of justice, the support of civil
government, and the defence, protection, and security of the
colonies." But we beg leave to assure your majesty, that such
provision has been and will be made for defraying the two first
articles as has been and shall be judged by the legislatures of
the several colonies just and suitable to their respective cir-
cumstances; and for the defence, protection, and security of
the colonies, their militias if properly regulated, as they
earnestly desire may immediately be done, would be fully suffi-
cient at least in times of peace; and in case of war, your faith-
ful colonists will be ready and willing, as they ever have been
when constitutionally required, to demonstrate their loyalty
to your majesty, by exerting their most strenuous efforts in
granting supplies and raising forces.
Yielding to no British subjects in affectionate attachment to
your majesty's person, family, and government, we too dearly
prize the privilege of expressing that attachment by those
proofs that are honourable to the prince who receives them,
and to the people who give them, ever to resign it to any body
of men upon earth. Had we been permitted to enjoy in quiet
the inheritance left us by our forefathers, we should at this
time have been peaceably, cheerfully, and usefully employed in
recommending ourselves by every testimony of devotion to
your majesty, and of veneration to the state from which we
derive our origin. But though now exposed to unexpected and
unnatural scenes of distress by a contention with that nation
in whose parental guidance on all important affairs we nave
hitherto, with filial reverence, constantly trusted, and therefore
can derive no instruction in our present unhappy and perplex-
ing circumstances from any former experience; yet, we doubt
not, the purity of our intentions and the integrity of our con-
duct will justify us at that grand tribunal before which all
mankind must submit to judgment.
We ask but for peace, liberty, and safety. We wish not a
diminution of the prerogative, nor do we solicit the grant of
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 53S
any new right .n our favour. Your royal authority over us
and our connexion with Great-Britain, we shall always care-
fully and zealously endetvour to support and maintain.
Filled with sentiments of duty to your majesty and of affec-
tion to our parent state, deeply impressed by our education,
and strongly confirmed by our reason, and anxious to evince
the sincerity of these dispositions, we present this petition only
to obtain redress of grievances, and relief from fears and
jealousies occasioned by the system of statutes and regulations
adopted since the close of the last war for raising a revenue
in America — extending the powers of courts of admiralty and
vice admiralty — trying persons in Great-Bril<xln for offences
alleged to be committed in America — affecting the province of
Massachusetts-Bay — and altering the government and extend-
ing the limits of Quebec; by the abolition of which system, the
harmony between Great-Britain and these colonies, so neces-
sary to the happiness of both, and so ardently desired by the
latter, and the usual intercourses will be immediately restored.
In the magnanimity and justice of your majesty and parlia-
ment we confide for a redress of our other grievances, trusting,
that when the causes of our apprehensions are removed, our
future conduct will prove us not unworthy of the regard we
have been accustomed, in our happier days, to enjoy. For ap-
pealing to that Being who searches thoroughly the hearts of
his creatures, we solemnly profess that our councils have been
influenced by no other motive than a dread of impending de-
struction.
Permit us then, most gracious sovereign, in the name of all
your faithful people in America, with the utmost humility, to
implore you for the honour of Almighty God, whose pure
religion our enemies are undermining; for your glory which
can be advanced only by rendering your subjects happy and
keeping them united; for the interests of your family depend-
ing on an adherence to the principles that enthroned it; for
the safety and welfare of your kingdoms and dominions
threatened with almost unavoidable dangers and distresses,
that your majesty, as the loving father of your whole people,
connected by the same bonds of law, loyalty, faith, and blood,
though dwelling in various countries, will not suffer the tran-
scendent relation formed by these ties to be farther violated
in uncertain expectation of effects, which if attained, never can
compensate for the calamities through which they must be
gained.
534 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
We therefore most earnestly b?seech your majesty, that your
royal authority and interposition may be used for our relief,
and that a gracious answer may be given to this petition.
That your majesty may enjoy every felicity through a long
and glorious reign over loyal and happy subjects, and that
your descondents may inherit your prosperity and dominions
till time shall be no more, is, and always will be our sincere
and fervent prayer."
But as the king of England was not our only opponent, but
as it were the ally of our fellow subjects who had taken upon
themselves to claim dominion over us, — and as it is a melan-
choly truth that to make men reason, they must be made to
feel, — so the Congress to induce the people of Great-Britain to
recede from their extravagant demands, did, for themselves
and their constituents, agree and associate as follows, to wit:
"First, That from and after the first day of December next,
we will not import into British America, from Great-Britain or
Ireland, any goods, ware or merchandize whatsoever, or from
any other place, any such goods, wares, or merchandize, as
shall have been exported from Great-Britain or Ireland; nor
will we after that day import any East-India tea from any part
of the world; nor any molasses, syrups, paneles, coffee, or
pimento, from the British plantations or from Dominica; nor
wines from Madeira, or the western islands; nor foreign indigo.
"Secondly, We will neither import nor purchase any slave
imported after the first day of December next; after which
time we will wholly discontinue the slave trade, and will
neither be concerned in it ourselves, nor will we hire our
vessels, nor sell our commodities or manufactures to those who
are concerned in it.
"Thirdly, As a non-consumption agreement strictly adhered
to, will be an effectual security for the observation of the non-
importation, we, as above, solemnly agree and associate, that
from this day we will not purchase or use any tea imported on
account of the East-India company, or any on which a duty
hath been or shall be paid; and from and after the first day of
March next, we will not purchase or use any East-India tea
whatever; nor will we, nor shall any person for or under us,
purchase or use any of those goods, wares or merchandize, we
have agreed not to import, which we shall know or have cause
to suspect were imported after the first day of December, ex-
cept such as come under the rules and directions of the tenth
article hereafter mentioned.
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 535
"Fourthl}', The earnest desire we have not to injure our fel-
low subjects in Great-Britain, Ireland, or the West-Indies, in-
duces us to suspend a non-exportation, until the tenth day of
September, 1775; at which time, if the said acts and parts of
acts of the British parliament herein after mentioned are not
repealed, we will not, directly or indirectly export any mer-
chandize or commodity whatsoever to Great-Britain, Ireland,
or the West-Indies, except rice to Europe."
And to inforce and explain the reasons of this measure, they
published an address to the people of Great-Britain. Whoever
shall read the history of these transactions in a future age, will
perhaps be astonished that after the design of our enemies was
thus clearly manifested, no other measures were taken to
counteract them. To suppose that they would give up the plan
so regularly formed and so deliberately undertaken, without
the most cogent necessity, was certainly absurd. War there-
fore should have been considered as inevitable, and every pro-
vision made for it by large importations of cloathing and mili-
tary stores, as well as by negotiations with the rivals of Great-
Britain.
These things however were not only neglected, but the direct
contrary road was pursued; so that the war really'found us in
a situation far more naked and unprovided than was natural
to us. In answer to this however it is to be observed again,
that mankind reason from their feelings. That we were really
attached to Great-Britain, and sought only to be united to her,
if it were possible to be so, without the total prostration of all
our rights. This attachment in fact blinded us to our interests
so effectually, that a preparation for war, or a threat of in-
dependence, would have created the most violent ferment.
Congress (whatever may have been their private sentiments)
were then, as at present, under a necessity of conforming to
the popular opinion. Great reliance was placed upon the
clemency of the prince, the justice of the people, and the com-
mercial interests of the empire. Besides all this, war with
Great-Britain was a most serious object. It would have been
such to any power on earth. Success was at least highly
doubtful. The consequence of victory on their part must have
been on our a total subjection. However clear might be the
right of resistance in cases of absolute necessity, dt seemed to
be highly proper, that this necessity should clearly appear be-
fore the previous steps to resistance were taken. On the whole,
it was perhaps hardly justifiable to appeal to arms while the
remotes: probability remained of obtaining without them the
great object of peace, liberty and safety.
536 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
It was in conformity to these sentiments, tliat on the 11th
of Oc:ober, 1774, the Congress wrote a letter to general Gage,
intreating him to forbear measures tending to irritate the
people of Massachusetts-Bay, and at the same time, "resolved
unanimously, that they be advised still to conduct themselves
peaceably towards his excellency general Gage, and his
majesty's troops now stationed in the town of Boston, as far
as can poss bly be consistent with their immediate safely, and
the security of the town; avoiding and discountenancing every
violation of his majesty's property, or any insult to his troops;
and that they peaceably and firmly persevere in the line they
are now conducting themselves on the defensive."
This Congress having given it as their opinion that another
should meet on the tenth of May then next, dissolved itself on
the 26th of October.
It appears that while they were thus solicitous for peace,
our enemies had taken tteir determinations unalterably; for
though the letter of lord Dartmouth to General Gage do^es not
appear, the answer of the general of the 15th December, 1774,
contains the fullest conviction. He says, — "Your lordsh p's
idea of disarming certain provinces would doubtless be con-
sistent with prudence and safety; but it neither is, nor has been
practicable, without having recourse to force, and being mas-
ters of the country."
Their consequent conduct appears fully consonant with this
general plan; for the petition to the king received no other
notice than to be thrown on the table of parliament among
the mass of American papers, by which his intention to take
part with our fellow subjects against us was fully declared.
His ministers avowed the determination to compel us to obey
the acts they had passed; and a very considerable force was
sent out for that purpose. In the month of February, a reso-
lution was agreed to on a motion of one of the ministers,
which was at that time called a conciliatory motion; and
which (allowing us to possess common sense and common
spirit) was directly the reverse. This will appear from the
motion itself, and from the sense of the second Congress upon
,it. — "The house in a committee on the American papers, mo-
tion made, and question proposed,
"That it is the op'nion of this committee, that when the
general council and assembly, or general court of any of his
majesty's provinces or colonies in America, shall propose to
make provision according to the condition, circumstance, or
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 537
situation of such province or colony, for contributing their
proportion to the common defence (such proportion to be
raised under the authority of the general court, cr general as-
sembly of such province rr colony, and disposable by parlia-
ment) and shall engage to make provis;on also for the support
of the civil government, and the administration of justice in
such province or colony, it will be proper, if such proposal
shall be approved by his majesty and the two houses of parlia-
ment, and for so long as such provision shall be made accord-
ingly, to forbear in respect of such province or colony, to lay
any duty, tax, or assessment, except only such duties as it may
be expedient to continue to levy or impose for the regulation
of commerce; the net produce of the duties last mentioned to
be carried to the account of such province or colony re-
spectively."
The Congress took the said resolution into consideration,
and are thereupon of opinion,
That the colonies of America are entitled to the sole and
exclusive privilege of giving and granting their own money;
that this involves a right of deliberating whether they will
make any gift, fior what purposes it shall be made, and what
shall be its amount; and that it is a high breach of ihis privi-
lege for any body of men, extraneous to their constitutions, lo
prescribe the purposes for which money shall be levied on
them, to take to themselves the authority of judging of their
conditions, circumstances and situations, axid of determining
the ajnount of the contribution to be levied.
That as the colonies possess a right of appropriating their
gifts, so are they intitled at all times to enquire into their
application, to see that they be not wasted among the venal
and corrupt, for the purpose of undermining the civil rights
of the givers, nor yet be diverted to the support of standing
armies, inconsistent with their freedom and subversive of
their quiet. To propose therefore, as this resolution does,
that the monies given by the colonies shall be subject to the
disposal of parliament alone, is to propose that they shall re-
linquish this right of enquiry, and put it in the power of others
to render their gifts ruincus, in proportion as they are liberal.
That this privilege of giving or of with-holding our monies,
is an important barrier against the undue exertion of preroga-
tive, which if left altogether without control, may be exercis :d
to our great oppression- and all history shews how efficacious
is its intercession for redress of grievances and re-establish-
538 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
ment of rights, and how improvident it would be to part with
so powerful a mediator.
We are of opinion that the proposition contained in this
resolution is unreasonable and insidious; unreasonable, because
if we declare we accede to it, we declare without reservation
we will purchase the favour of parliament, not knowing at
the same time at what price they will please to estimate their
favour; it is insidious, because individual colonies having bid
and bidden again, till they find the avidity of the seller too
great for all th^ir powers to satisfy, are then to return into
opposition, divided from their sister colonies, whom the min-
ister will have previously detached by a grant of easier terms,
or by an artful procrastination of a definitive answer.
That the suspension of the exercise of their pretended ^power
of taxation being expressly made commensurate with the con-
tinuance of our gifts, these must be perpetual to make that
so. Whereas no experience has shewn that a gift of perpetual
revenue secures a perpetual return of duty or of kind disposi-
tion. On the contrary, the parliament itself wisely attentive
to this observation, are in the established practice of granting
their supplies from year to year only.
Desirous and determined as we are to consider in the most
dispassionate view, every seeming advance towards a reconcil-
iation made by the British parliament, let our brethren, of
Britain reflect what would have been the sacrifice to men of
free spirits, had even fa'r terms been profered as these in-
siduous proposals were with circumstances of insult and de-
fiance. A proposition to give our money, accompanied with
large fleets and armns, seems addressed to our fears rather
than to our freedom. With what patience would Britons have
received articles of treaty from any power on earth, when
borne on the point of a bayonet by military plenipotentaries?
We think the attempt unnecessary to raise upon us by force
or by threats our proportional contributions to the common de-
fence, when all know, and themselves acknowlege, we have
fully contributed whenever called upon to do so in the char-
acter of freemen.
We are of opinion it is not just that the colonies should be
required to oblige themselves to other contributions, while
Great-Britain possesses a monopoly of their trade. This of
itself lays them under heavy contribution. To demand there-
fore additional aids in the form of a tax, is to demand the
double of their equal proportion; if we are to contribute equally
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 639
with the ot'her parts of the empire let us equally with them
enjoy free commerce with the whole woild. But while the re-
strictions on our trade shut to us the resources of wealth, is it
just we should bear all other burthens equally with those to
whom every resource is open?
We conceive that the British parliament has no right to
intermeddle with our provisions for the support of civil govern-
ment, or administration oi justice. The provisions we have
made are such as please ourselves, and are agreeable to our
own circumstances; they answer the substantial purposes of
government and of justice, and other purposes than these
should not be answered. We do not mean that our people
shall be burthened with oppressive taxes, to provide fine cures
for the idle or the wicked, under colour of providing for a civil
list. While parliament pursue their plan of civil government
within their own jurisdiction, we also hope to pursue ours
without molestation.
We are of opinion, the proposition is altogether unsatisfac-
tory, because it imports only a suspension of the mode, not a
renunciation of the pretended right to tax ns; because too It
does not propose to repeal the several acts of parliament
passed for the purposes of restraining the trade, and altering
the form of government of one of our colonies; extending the
boundaries and changing the government of Quebec; enlarg-
ing the jurisdiction of the courts of admiralty and vice admir-
alty; taking from us the rights of trial by a jury of the vicin-
age, in cases affecting both life and property; transporting us
into other countries to be tried for criminal offences; exempt-
ing by mock-trial the murderers of colonists from punishment;
and quartering soldiers on us in times of profound peace. Nor
do they renounce the power of suspending our own legislatures,
and legislating for us themselves in all cases whatsoever. On
the contrary, to shew they mean no discontinuance of injury,
they pass acts at the very time of holding out this proposition,
for restraining the commerce and fisheries of the provinces of
New-England, and for interdicting the trade of other colonies
with all foreign nations, and with each other. This proves
unequivocally they mean not to relinquish the exercise of in-
discriminate legislation over us.
Upon the whole, this proposition seems to have been held up
to the world, to deceive it into a belief that there was nothing
in dispute between us but the mode of levying taxes; and that
the parliament having now been so good as to give up this, the
colonies are unreasonable if not perfectly satisfied; whereas
540 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
in truth, our adversaries still claim a right of demanding ad
libitum, and of taxing us themselves to the full amount of their
demand, if we do not comply with it. This leaves us without
any thing we can call property. But what is of more im-
portance, and what in this proposal they keep out of sight, as
df no such point was now in contest between us, they clam a
right to alter our charters and establish laws, and leave us
without any security for our lives or liberties. The proposition
seems also to have been calculated more particularly to lull
into fatal security our well-affected fellow subjects on the
other side the water, till time should be given for the operaUon
of those arms, which a British minister pronounced would in-
stantaneously reduce the "cowardly" sons of America to un-
reserved submission."
What must always appear astonishing is, that the British
ministry could ever have supposed that the proposition could
be satisfactory, or rather that they could harbour a doubt, thai
it would be rejected with contempt; yet lest this should not be
the case, no opportunity was ever given to try the efficacy of
it; for on the nineteenth of April, the fatal blow was struck at
Lexington, which severed the empire. The reasons are appar-
ent. Their force and our weakness gave them unbounded con-
fidence. They supposed themselves certain of victor3\ They
supposed us equally certain of defeat. Palpable therefore as
was the artifice of the conciliatory motion, it was not im-
possible Congress at their meeting in May, might lay liold of
it as a ground of treaty. If they should, the good sense and
the justice of our fellow subjects might have interposed to pre-
vent our destruction. No time therefore was to be lost in
putting that to the issue of arms, which would not bear the
test of argument. It was hoped that the justice of our cause
would be hidden by our inability to support It; and the.r
usurpations disguised and adorned by the splendors of success.
Here then commences a new era.
The unprovoked liostilities at Lexington gave fire as might
have been expected to the inflamable dispositions excited
throughout America. The call to arms was general, and the
popular rage amounted almost to frenzy. But the emotion so
suddenly and forcibly excited, daily became more moderate.
The joys of victory by degrees silenced the mourning dirge.
Wise and good men interested themselves to assuage a temp-
est, the bounds and effects of whose violence neither wisdom
could foresee nor virtue confine. The partizans of Great-
Britain (for strange as it may seem, such there were) mingled
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 541
with their fellow citizens and industriously gave a favourable
turn to this atrocious act. It was not perhaps impossible even
then to have stayed the destroying sword. But as the neigh-
bouring people had colle:ted themselves to prevent a repetition
of the like injuries, upon the arrival of the generals Howe and
Burgoyne, it was determined not to suffer that spirit to evapor-
ate which was deemed necessary for the purposes of domina-
tion. At Bunker's Hill a second and more bloody sacrifice was
made to the god of war Lest the intended acts of violence
should be attributed to accident, or to any other of the many
causes which might be, and which by the friends of our ene-
mies actually were assigned, and in order to intimidate the
great council of America into a mean and abject submission, a
person was sent from the ministry to assure them of the truth
of the following paper:
"T'hat it is earnestly hoped by all the real friends of the
Americans, that the terms expressed in the resolution of the
20th of February last, will be accepted by all the colonies, who
have the least affection for their king and country, or a just
sense of their own interest.
"That these terms are honourable for Great-Britain and safe
for the colonies.
"That if the colonies are not blinded by faction, these terms
will remove every grievance relative to taxation, and be the
basis of a compact between the colonies and the mother
country.
"That the people in America ought, on every consideration,
to be satisfied with them.
"That no further relaxation can be admitted.
"The temper and spirit of the nation are so much against
concessions, that if it were the intention of administration,
they could not carry the question.
"But administration have no such intention, as they are fully
and firmly persuaded, that further concessions would be in-
jurious to the colonies as well as to Great-Britain.
"That there is not the least probability of a change of ad-
ministration.
"That they are perfectly united in opinion, and determined to
pursue the most effectual measures, and to use the whole force
of the kingdom, if it be found necessary, to reduce the rebel-
lious and refractory provinces and colonies.
"There is so great a spirit in the nation against the Congress,
that the people will bear the temporary distresses of a stoppage
of the American trade.
"They may depend on this to be true."
542 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
The conduct of the Congress at this time wore very much the
appearance of pusillanimity, for after the Lexington battle,
while it was expected that the troops from England would
arrive at New-York, the city and county of New-York, applied
through their delegates for advice how to conduct themselves;
— upon which it was
"Resolved, That it be recommended, for the present, to the
inhabitants of New-York, that if the troops which are expected
should arrive, the said colony act on the defens.ve, so long
as may be consistent with their safety and security; that the
troops be permitted to remain in the barracks, so long as they
behave peaceably and quietly; but that they be not suffered to
erect fortifications, or take any steps for cutting off the com-
munication between the town and country; and that if they
commit hostilities, or invade private property, the inhabitants
should defend themselves and their property, and repel force
by force; that warlike stores be removed from the town; that
places of retreat, in case of necessity, be provided for the wo-
men and children of New- York; and that a sufficient number of
men be embodied, and kept in constant readiness for protect-
ing the inhabitants from insult and injury."
But it must be remembered, that affairs were then in a very
critical situation. Hudson's river, which hath been considered
as the key of America, was in the power of the enemy, if they
chose to take it. The people of that colony were much divided
in sentiment; the ministry had many partizans among them,
excited by the hope of honours and rewards; many from a fear
of impending danger; all were apprehensive of the conse-
quences of a war which reason and former experience served
to shew must rage in the bowels of that country. On the whole,
therefore, it was probable that the efforts of the enemy would
be turned that way, and that violent counsels might produce a
serious defection. The conduct of the Congress may then be
considered as wise and firm, for immediately after, they
"Resolved unanimously. That his majesty's most faithful
subjects in these colonies are reduced to a dangerous and
critical situation, by the attempts of the British ministry to
carry into execution, by force of arms, several unconstitutional
and oppressive acts of the British parliament for laying taxes
in America; to enforce the collection of those taxes, and for
altering and changing the constitution and internal police of
some of these colonies, in violation of the natural and civil
rights of the colonists.
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 5i3
"Hostilities being actually commenced in the Massachusetts-
Bay, by the British troops under the command of general Gage,
and the lives of a number of the inhabitants of that colony de-
stroyed, the town of Boston having not only been long occupied
as a garrisoned town dn an enemy's country, but the inhabi-
tants thereof treated with a severity and cruelty not to be
justified even towards declared enemies; large re-inforcements
too being ordered and soon expected, for the declared purpose
of compelling these colonies to submit to the operation of the
said acts; that therefore, for the express purpose of securing
and defending these colonies, and preserving them in safety
against all attempts to carry the said acts into execution by
force of arms, these colonies be immediately put into a state of
defence.
"But, as we most ardently wish for a restoration of the
harmony formerly subsisting between our mother country and
these colonies, the interruption of which must, at all events,
be exceedingly injurious to both countries, that with a sincere
design of contributing by all the means in our power, not in-
compatible with a just regard for the undoubted rights and
true interests of these colonies, to the promotion of this most
desireable reconciliation, an 'humble and dutiful petition be
presented to his majesty.
"Resolved, That measures be entered into for opening a
negociation, in order to accommodate the unhappy disputes
subsisting between Grear-Britain and these colonies, and that
this be made a part of the petition to the king.
"Resolved unanimously, That the militia of New-York be
armed and trained, and m constant readiness to act at a mo-
ment's warning; and that a number of men be immediately
embodied and kept in that city, and so disposed of as to give
protection to the inhabitants, in case any insult should be
offered by the troops that may land there, and to prevent any
attempts that may be made to gain possession of the city, and
interrupt its intercourse with the country.
"Resolved unanimously, That it be recommended to the
provincial convention at New-York, to persevere the more
vigorously in preparing for their defence, as it is very un-
certain whether the earnest endeavours of the Congress, to ac-
commodate the unhappy aifferences between Great-Britain and
the colonies, by conciliatory measures, will be successful."
No country perhaps in the world was ever in a more delicate
situation than America at this period. Informed and discern-
ing minds ,?aw the most miserable servitude on the one hand;
and on the other, that they must be stripped of property, and
544 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
suffer an ignominious death, without such a coincidence of cir-
cumstances as nothing but Providence could accomplish. They
saw one of the most powerful nations upon earth, whose fleets
covered the ocean — whose flag had waved in triumph thro'
the four quarters of the globe, ready to dart all her thunders
against them; at the same lime, America was without ships,
without arms, without clothes, without money, without officers,
without discipline, without a single fortification, a very consi-
derable faction ready to join her enemies, exposed thro' an
immense frontier to the irruptions of savage tribes, whose lust
of blood was daily stimulated by all the arts which an unfeel-
ing inhuman policy could dictate; while a herd of slaves were
urged by th? insid.ous offer of freedom, to plunge an assassin's
dagger in the bosom of domestic security. In this crisis, how-
ever, it was determined to risk every thing, rather than tamely
submit to the yoke; but, at the same time, it was necessary to
avoid as much as possible giving an alarm to the people, by
the mortifying display of their comparative weakness. On the
6th of July, 1775, the Congress published the following declara-
tion:
"If it was possible for men, who exercise their reason, to be-
lieve, that the Divine Author of our existence intended a part
of the human race to hold an absolute property in, and an un-
bounded power over others, marked out by his dnfinite good-
ness and wisdom, as the objects of a legal domination never
rightfully resistible, however severe and oppressive, the in-
habitants of these colonies might at least require from the
parliament of Great-Britain some evidence, that this dreadful
authority over them has been granted to that body. But a
reverence for our great Creator, principles of humanity, and
the dictates of common sense, must convince all those who re-
flect upon the subject, that government was instituted to pro-
mote the welfare of mankind, and ought to be administered for
the attainment of that end. The legislature of Great-Britain,
however, stimulated by an inordinate passion for a power not
only unjustifiable, but which they know to be peculiarly re-
probated by the very constitution of that kingdom, and des-
perate of success in any mode of contest, where regard should
be had to truth, law, or right, have at length, deserting those,
attempted to effect their cruel and impolitic purpose of en-
slaving these colonies by violence, and have thereby rendered
it necessary for us to close with their last appeal from reason
to arms. Yet, however blinded that assembly may be, by their
intemperate rage for unlimited domination, so to slight justice
and the opinion of mankind, we esteem ourselves bound by
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 545
obligations of respect to the rest of the world, to make known
the justice of our cause.
"Our forefathers, inhabitants of the island of Great-Britain,
left the.r native land to seek on these shores a residence for
civil and religious freedom. At the expence cf their blood, at
the hazard of their to.-tunes, without the least charge to the
country from which they removed, by unceasing labour and
an unconquerable spirit, they effected settlements in the d.siant
and inhospitable wilds of America, then filled w.th numerous
and warlike nat.ons of barbarians. Societies or governments,
vested wi;h perfect legislatures, were formed under charters
from the crown, and an harmonious in.ercours3 was established
between the colonies and the kingdom from which they de-
rived tiieir origin. The mutual benefits of this union became
in a short time so extraordinary, as to excite as.on shment.
It is universally confessed, that the amazing increase of the
wealth, strength, and navigation of the realm, arose from this
source; and the minister, who so wisely and successfully di-
rected the measures of Great-Britain in the late war, publicly
declared, that these colon.es enabled her to triumph over her
enemies. Towards the conclusion of that war, it pleased our
sovereign to make a change in his counsels. From that fatal
moment, the affairs of the British empire began to fall into
confusion, and gradually sliding from the summit of glorious
prosperity, to which they had been advanced by the virtues
and ab.lities of one man, are at length distracted by the con-
vulsions, that nov. shake it to its deepest foundations. The
new ministry finding the brave foes of Britain, though fre-
quently defeated, yet still contending, took up the unfortunate
Idea of granting them a hasty peace, and of then subduing her
faithful friends.
"These devoted colonies were judged to be in such a state, as
to present victories without bloodshed, and all th? easy emolu-
ments of statuteable plunder. The uninterrupted tenor of
their peaceable and respectful behaviour from t e beginning of
colonization, their dutiful, zealous, and useful services during
the war, though so recently and amply acknowledged in the
most honoural le manner by his majesty, by the la e king, and
by parliament, could not save them from the n'editated in-
novations. Pari ament w?s influenced to adopt the pernicious
project, and assumirg a new piwer ovr them, have in the
course of eleven years given such decisive sne^'.nipns of the
spirit and consequencrs attending this powrr, as to leave no
doubt concerning the effects of acquiescence u'mI r it. They
have undertaken to give and grant our money wi hoiit our con-
35~7-3d Ser.
646 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
sent, though we have ever exercised an exclusive right to dis-
pose of our own property; statutes 'have been passed for extend-
ing the jurisdiction of courts of admiralty and vice-admiralty
beyond their ancient limits; for depriving us of the accustomed
and inestimable privilege of trial by jury in cases affecting
both life and property; for suspending the legislature of one
of the colonies; for interdicting all commerce to the capital of
another; and for altering fundamentally the form of govern-
ment established by charter, and secured by acts of its own
legislature solemnly confirmed by the crown; for exempting the
'murderers' of colonists from legal trial, and in effect, from
punishment; for erecting in a neighbouring province, acquired
by the joint arms of Great-Britain and America, a despotism
dangerous to our very existence; and for quartering soldiers
upon the colonists In time of profound peace. It has also been
resolved in parliament, that colonists charged with committing
certain offences, shall be transported to England to be tried.
"But why should we enumerate our injuries in detail? By
one statute it is declared, that parliament can "of right make
laws to bind us in all cases whatsoever." What is to defend us
against so enormous, so unlimited a power? Not a single man
of those who assume it, is chosen "by us; or is subject to our
controul or Influence; but on the contrary, they are all of them
exempt from the operation of such laws, and an American
revenue, if not diverted from the ostensible purposes for
which it is raised, would actually lighten their own burdens
in proportion, as they increase ours. We saw the misery to
which such despotism would reduce us. We for ten years in-
cessantly and ineffectually besieged the throne as supplicants;
we reasoned, we remonstrated with parliament in the most
mild and decent language.
"Administration, sensible that we should regard these op-
pressive measures as freemen ought to do, sent over fleets and
armies to enforce them. The indignation of the Americans
was roused, it is true; but it was the indignation of a virtuous,
loyal, and affectionate people. A Congress of delegates from
the United Colonies was assembled at Philadelphia, on the
fifth day of last September. We resolved again to offer an
humble and dutiful petition to the king, and also addressed our
fellow subjects of Great-Britain. We have pursued every tem-
perate, every respectful measure: we have even proceeded to
break off our commercial intercourse with our fellow subjects,
as the last peaceable admonition, that our attachment to no
nation upon earth should supplant our attachment to liberty.
This, we flattered ourselves, was the ultimate step of the
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 547
eontroversj-; but subsequent events have shewn, how vain was
this hope of finding moderation in our enemies.
"Several threatening expressions against the colonies were
inserted in his majesty's speech; our petition, tho' we were told
it was a decent one, and that his majesty had been pleased to
receive it graciously, and to promise laying it before his parlia-
ment, was huddled into both houses among a bundle of
American papers, and there neglected. The lords and com-
mons in their address, in the months of February, said, that
"a rebellion at that time actually existed within the province
of Massachuesetts-Bay; and that those concerned in it, had
been countenanced and encouraged by unlawful combinations
and engagements, entered into by his majesty's subjects in
several of the other colonies; and therefore they besought his
majesty, that he would take the most effectual measures to
inforce due obedience to the laws and authority of the supreme
legislature." Soon after the commercial intercourse of whole
colonies, with foreign countries, and with each other, was cut
off by an act of parliament; Gy another, several of them were
entirely prohibited from the fisheries in the seas near their
coasts, on which they always depended for their sustenance;
and large reinforcements of ships and troops were immediately
sent over to general Gage.
"Fruitless were all the entreaties, arguments, and eloquencv-
of an illustrious band of the most distinguished peers and com-
moners, who nobly and strenuously asserted the justice of our
cause, to stay, or even to mitigate the heedless fury with
which these accumulated and unexampled outrages were hur-
ried on. Equally fruitless was the interference of 'the city of
London, of Bristol, aqd many other respectable towns, in our
favour. Parliament adopted an insidious man9euvre calculated
to divide us, to establish a perpetual auction of taxations
where colony should bid against colony, all of them unin-
formed what ransom should redeem their lives; and thus to
extort from us, at the point of the bayonet, the unknown sums
that should be sufficient to gratify, if possible to gratify, min-
isterial rapacity, with the miserable indulgence left to us of
raising, in our own mode, the prescribed tribute. What terms
more rigid and humiliating could have been dictated by re-
morseless victors to conquered enemies? In our circumstances
to accept them, would be to deserve them.
"Soon after the intelligence of these proceedings arrived on
this continent, general Gage, who in the course of the last year
had taken possession of the town of Boston, in the province of
Massachusett's-Bay, and still occupied it as a garrison, on the
548 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
19th day of April, sent out from that place a large detachment
of his army, who made an unprovoked assault on the in-
habitants of the said province, at the town of Lexington, as
appears by the affidavits of a great number of persons, some
of whom were officers and solders of that detachment, mur-
dered eight of the inhabitants, and wounded many others.
From thence the troops proceeded in warlike array to the town
of Concord, where they set upon another party of the inhabit-
ants of the same province, killing several and wounding more,
until compelled to retreat by the country people suddenly
assembled to repel this cruel aggression. Hostilities, thus com-
menced by the British troops, have been since prosecuted by
them without regard to faith or reputation. The inhabitants
of Boston being confined within that town by the general their
governor, and having, in order to procure their dismission,
entered into a treaty with ihim, it was stipulated that the said
inhabitants having deposited their arms with their own magis-
trates should have liberty to depart, taking with them their
other effects. They accordingly delivered up their arms, but
in open violation of honour, in defiance of the obligation of
treaties, which even savage nations esteemed sacred, the
governor ordered the arms deposited as aforesaid, that they
might be preserved for their owners, to be seized by a body of
soldiers; detained the greatest part of the inhabitants in the
town, and compelled the few who were permitted to retire, to
leave their most valuable etiects behind.
"By this perfidy wives are separated from their husbands,
children from their parents, the aged and the sick from their
relations and friends, who wish to attend and comfort them;
and those who have been used to live in plenty and even
elegance, are reduced to deplorable distress.
"The general, further emulating his ministerial masters, by
a proclamation bearing date on the 12th day of June after
venting the grossest falsehoods and calumnies against the good
people of these colonies, proceeds to declare them all, either
"by name or description, to be rebels and traitors, to supersede
"the course of the common law and instead thereof to publish
"and order the use and exercise of the law martial." His
troops have butchered our countrymen, have wantonly burnt
Charlestown, besides a considerable number of houses in other
places; our ships and vessels are seized; the necessary supplies
of provisions are intercepted, and he is exerting his utmost
power to spread destruction and devastation around him.
"We have received certain intelligence, that general. Carle-
ton, the governor of Canada, is instigating the people of that
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 549
province, and the Indians, to fall upon us; and we have but
too much reason to apprehend, that schemes have been formed
to excite domestic enemies aga.nst us. In brief, a part of
these colonies now feel, and all of them are sure of feeling, as
far as the vengeance of administration can inflict them, the
complicated calamities of fire, sword, and famine. We are re-
duced to the alternative of chusing an unconditional submis-
sion to the tyranny of irritated ministers, or resistance by
force. The latter is our choice. We have counted the cost of
this contest, and find nothing so dreadful as voluntary slavery.
Honour, justice, and humanity, forbid us tamely to surrender
that freedom which we received from our gallant ancestors,
and which our innocent posterity have a right to receive from
us. We cannot endure the infamy and guilt of resigning suc-
ceeding generations to that wretchedness which inevitably
awaits them, if we basely entail hereditary bondage upon
them.
"Our cause is just. Our union is perfect. Our internal re-
sources are great, and. if necessary, foreign assistance is un-
doubtedly attainable. We gratefully acknowledge, as signal
instances of the Divine favour towards us. that his Providence
would not permit us to be called into this severe eontro'versy,
until we were grown up to our present strength, had been pre-
viously exercised in warlike operation, and possessed of the
means of defending ourselves. With hearts fortified with these
animating reflections, we most solemnly, before God and the
world. DECLARE, that, exerting the utmost energy of those
powers, which our beaeficient Creator hath graciously bestowed
upon us, the arms we have been compelled by our enemies to
assume, we will, in defiance of every hazard, with unabating
firmness and perservance. employ for the preservation of our
liberties: being with on^ mind resolved to die freemen rather
than to live slaves.
"Ijest this declaratioh should disquiet the minds of our
friends and fellow subjects in any part of the empire, we assure
them that we mean not to dissolve that union which has sa
long and so happily subsisted between us. and which we sin-
cerely wish to see restored. Necessity has not yet driven us
into that desperate measure, or induced us to excite any other
nation to war against them. We have not raised armies with
ambitious designs of separating from Great-Britain, and estab-
lishing independent states. We fight not for glory or for con-
quest. We exhibit to mankind the remarkable spectacle of a
people attacked by unprovoked enemies, without any imputa-
tion or even suspicion of offence. They boast of their privi-
550 OBSKRVATIONS ON THE
leges and civilization, and yet profer no milder conditions than
servitude or death.
"In our own native land, in defence of the freedom that is
our birth-right, and which we ever enjoyed till the late viola-
tion of it— for the protection of our property, acquired solely
by the honest industry of our fore-fathers and ourselves,
against violence actually offered, we have taken up arms. We
shall lay them down when hostilities shall cease on the part
of the aggressors, and all danger of their being renewed shall
be removed, and not before.
"With an humble confidence in the mercies of the supreme
and impartial judge and ruler of the universe, we most de-
voutly implore hia divine goodness to protect us happily
through this great conflict, to dispose our adversaries to recon-
ciliation on reasonable terms, and thereby to relieve the em-
pire from the calamities of civil war."
Where the affections of mankind are deeply interested, they
are not easily prevailed on to relinquish the object. Reason in
vain opposes iher feeble barrier to the torrent of passion.
Nature will be heard; she speaks .to the heart in the tenderest,
most persuasive language, and she cannot speak in vain.
Tho' it was evident as the sun, that the king and parliament of
Great-Britain had determined never to sheathe the sword, but
upon the unconditional submission of America to the most
humiliating bondage; yet, in a delirium of their former attach-
ment, the Congress prepared another petition to the king, and
another address to the people of England. Strange as it may
seem, it is nevertheless true, that notwithstanding all our in-
terests were clearly opposed to the measure, still a connecidon
with the people, and subjection to the sovereign of Great-
Britain, were considered as the most desirable of humane
events; for it may truly be affirmed, that next to the love of
liberty, loyalty to h.s prince, and love of his fellow subjects,
were the ruling passions of an American's bosom. Tha pro-
phetic language contained in this petition and address is re-
markable; and altho' it was treated by our enemies wi^h the
same contempt as our solemn professions not to submit to
their tryanny, yet now that, the heat of the chase being abated,
a cool moment of refiection presses itself upon them, it is prob-
able they will, when too late, give to both their share of credit.
On the Sth of July, 1775, the petition was agreed on in the
following words:
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 551
"Most gracious Sovereign.
"We your majesty's subjects of tlie colonies of New-Hamp-
shire, Massachusetts-Bay, Rhode-Island, and Providence Plan-
tations, Connecticut, New-^ork, New-Jersey, Pennsylvania, the
counties of Newcastle, Keat and Sussex on Delaware, Mary-
land, Virginia, North-Carolina, and South-Carolina, in behalf
of ourselves and the inhabitants of these colonies, who have
deputed us to represent them in General Congress, entreat your
majesty's gracious attention to this our humble petition.
''The union between our mother country and these colonies,
and the energy of mild and just government, produced benefits
so remarkably important, and afforded such an assurance of
their permanency and increase, that the wonder and envy of
other nations were excited, while they beheld Great-Br.tain
rising to a power the most extraordinary the world had ever
known.
"Her rivals, observing that there was no probability of this
happy connexion being broken by civil dissensions, and appre-
hending its future effects, if left any longer undisturbed, re-
solved to prevent her receiving such continual and formidable
accessions of wealth and strength, by checking the growth of
those settlements from which they were to be derived.
"In the prosecution of this attempt, events so unfavorable
to the design took place, that every friend to the interest of
Great-Britain and these colonies, entertained pleasing and rea-
sonable expectations of seeing an additional force and exertion
immediately given to the operations of the union hitherto ex-
perienced, by an enlargement of the dominions of the crown,
and the removal of anc.ent and warlike enemies to a greater
distance.
"At the conclusion therefore of the late war, the most
glorious and advantageous that ever had been carried on by
British arms, your loyal colonists having contributed to its
success, by such repeated and strenuous exertions, as fre-
quently procured them the distinguished approbation of your
majesty, of the late king, and of parliament, doubted not but
that they should be permitted, with the rest of the empire, to
share in the blessings of peace, and the emoluments of victory
and conquest.
"While these recent and honourable acknowledgements of
their merits remained on record in the journals and acts of
that august legislature, the parliament, undefaced by the im-
putation or even the suspicion of any offence, they were
alarmed by a new system of statutes and regulations adopter
for the administration of the colonies, that filled their minds
552 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
with the most painful fears and jealousies; and, to their in-
expressible as:onishment, perceived the danger of a foreign
quarrel quickly succeeded by domestic danger, in their judg-
ment of a mo"e dreadful kind.
"Nor were these anxieties alleviated by any tendency in this
system to promote the welfare of their mother country. For
though i;s effects were more immediately felt by them, yet its
influence appeared to be injurious to the commerce and pros-
perity of Great-Britain.
"We shall decline the ungrateful task of describing the irk-
some variety of art fices, rractised by many of your majesty's
ministers, the delusive pretences, fruitless terrors, and un-
availing severities, that have from time to time been dealt out
by them, in their attempts to ex«icute this impolitic plan, or of
tracing thro' a series of years past, the progress of the un-
happy difte^'ences between Great-Britain and these colonies,
that have flowed from this fatal source.
"Your majesty's ministers, persevering in their measures,
and proceeding to open hostilities for enfo'-cing them, have
compelled us to arm in our own defence, and have engaged us
in a controversy so peculiarly abhorrent to the affections of
your still faithful colonists, that when we consider whom we
must oppose in this contest, and if it continues, what may be
the consequences, our own particular misfortunes are accounted
by us only as parts of our distress.
"Knowing to what violent resentments, and incurable ani-
mosities, civil discords are apt to exasperate and inflame the
contending parties, we think ourselves required by indispen-
sable obligations to Almighty God, to your majesty, to our
fellow subjects, and to ourselves, immediately to use all the
means in our power, not incompatible with out safety, for stop-
ping the further effusion of blood, and for averting the im-
pending calamities that threaten the British empire.
"Thus called upon to address your majesty on affairs of such
moment to America, and probably to all your dominions, we
are earnestly desirous of performing this office, with the utmost
deference for your majesty; and we therefore pray, that your
majesty's royal magnanimity and benevolence may make the
most favorable constructions of our expressions on so uncom-
mon an occasion. Could we represent in their full force, the
sentiments that agitate the minds of us your dutiful subjects,
we are persuaded your majesty would ascribe any seeming
deviation from reverence in our language, and even in our con-
duct, not to any reprehensible intention, but to the impossi-
bility of reconciling the usual appearances of respect with a
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 553
just attention to our own preservation against those artful and
cruel enemies, who abuse your royal confidence and authority,
for the purpose of effecting our destruction.
"Attached to your majesiy's person, fam;iy, and government,
with all devotion that principle and affection can inspire, con-
nected with Great-Britain by the strongest ties that can unite
societies, and deploring every event that tends in any degree to
weaken them, we solemnly assure your majesty, that we not
only most ardently desire the former harmony between her and
these colonies may be restored, but that a concord may be
establ.shed between them, upon so firm a basis as to perpetuate
its blessings uninterrupted by any future dissensions to suc-
ceeding generations in both L.ountries, and to transmit your
majesty's name to posterity, adorned with that signal and last-
•ing glcry, that has attended the memory of those illustrious
personages, whose virtues and abiltties have extricated states
from dangerous convulsions, ana, by securing happiness to
others, have erected the most noble and durable monuments
to their own fame.
'*We beg leave farther to assure your majesty, that notwith-
standing the sufferings jf your loyal colonists, during the
course of this present controversy, our breasts retain too tender
a regard for the kingdom from which we derive our or. gin, to
request such a reconciliation as might in any manner be incon-
sistent with her dignity or her welfare. These, related as we
are to her, honour and duty as well as inclination, induce us to
support and advance; and the apprehensions that now oppress
our hearts with unspeakable grief, being once removed, your
majesty will find your faithful subjects on thi^ continent ready
and willing at all times, as they have ever been, with their
lives and fortunes, assert and maintain the rights and interests
of your majesty, and of our mother country.
"We therefore beseech your majesty, that your royal
authority and influence may be graciously Interposed to pro-
cure us reltef from our afflicting fears and jealousies, occas-
ioned by the system before mentioned, and to settle peace
through every part of your dominions, with all humility sub-
mitting to your majesty's wise constderation, whether it may
not be expedient for facilitating those important purposes,
that your majesty be pleased to direct some mode, by which
the united applications of your faithful colonists to the throne,
in pursuance of their common councils, may be improved into
a happy and permanent reconciliation; and that, in the mean
time, meastires may be taken for preventing the further des-
truction of the lives of your majesty's subjects; and that such
554 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
Statutes as more immediately aistress any of your majesty's
colonies may be repealed.
"For by such arrangements as your majesty's wisdom can
form for collecting the united sense of your Amer.can people,
we are convinced your majesty would receive such satisfactory
proofs of the disposition of the colonists towards their
sovereign and parent state, that the wished for opportunity
would soon be restored to them, of evincing the sincerity of
their professions, by every testimony of devotion becoming the
most dutiful subjects and the most affectionate colonists.
"That your majesty may enjoy a long and prosperous reign,
and that your descendents may govern your dominions with
honour to themselves and happiness to their subjects, is our
sincere prayer."
The address to the people of Great-Britain was agreed to the
same day, as follows:
"Friends, Countrymen, and Brethren,
"By these, and by evtry other appellation that may designate
the ties, which bind us to each other, we entreat your serious
attention to this our second attempt to prevent their dissolution.
Remembrance of former friendships, pride in the glorious
achievements of our common ancestors, and affection for bhe
heirs of their virtues, have hitherto preserved our mutual con-
nection; but when that friendship is violated by the grossest
injuries; when the pride of ancestry becomes our reproach, and
we are no otherwise allied than as tyrants and slaves; when
reduced to the melancholy alternative of renouncing your
favour or our freedom: can we hesitate about the choice? Let
the spirit of Britons determine.
"In a former address we asserted our rights and stated the
injuries we had then received. We hoped, that the ment.on of
our wrongs would have roused that honest indignation which
has slept too long for your honour, or the welfare of the empire.
But we have not been permitted to entertain this pleasing ex-
pectation. Every day brought an accumulation of injuries,
and the invention of the ministry has been constantly exer-
cised, in adding to the calamities of your American brethren.
"After the most valuable right of legislation was infringed;
when the powers assumed by your parliament, in which we
are not represented, and from our local and other circumstan-
ces cannot properly be represented, rendered our property
precarious; after being denied that mode of trial, to which we
have long been indebted for the safety of our persons, and the
preservation of our liberties; after being in many instances
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 555
div-.sted of those .aws, which were transmitted to us by our
common ancestors, and subjected to an arbitrary code, com-
piled under the auspices of Roman tyrants; after those char-
ters, which encouraged our predecessors to brave death and
danger in every shape, on unknown seas, in deserts unex-
plored, amidst barbarous and inhospitable nations, were an-
nulled; when, without the form of trial, without a public ac-
cusation, whole colonies were condemned, their trade de-
stroyed, their inhabitants impoverished; when soldiers were
encouraged to embrue their hands in the blood of Americans,
by offers of impun.ty; when new modes of trial were instituted
for the ruin of the accused, where the charge carried with it
the horrors of conviction; when a despotic government was
established in a neighbouring province, and its limits extended
to every of our frontiers; we Kttle imagined that any thing
could be added to this black catalogue of unprovoked injuries;
but we have unhappily been deceived, and the late measures
of the British ministry fully convince us. that their object is
the reduction of these colonies to slavery and ruin.
"To confirm this assertion, let us recall your attention to the
affairs of America, since our last address. Let us combat the
calumnies of our enemies; and let us warn you of the dangess
that threaten you in our destruction. Many of your fellow sub-
jects, whose situation deprived them of other support, drew
their maintenance from the sea; but the deprivation of our
liberty being Insufficient to satisfy the resentment of our
enemies, the horrors of famine were superadded, and a British
parliament, who, in better times, were the protectors of in-
nocence and the patrons of humanity, have, without distinction
of age or sex, robbed thousands of the food which they were
accustomed to draw from that inexhaustible source, placed in
their neighbourhood by the benevolent Creator.
"Another act of your legislature shuts our ports, and pro-
hibits our trade with any but those states from whom the
great law of self-preservation renders it absolutely necessary
we should at present with-hold our commerce. But this act
(whatever may have been its design) we consider rather as in-
jurious to vour opulence than our interest. All our commerce
terminates with you; and the wealth we procure from other
nations, is soon exchanged for your superfluities. Our remit-
tances must then cease with our trade; and our refinements
with our affluence. We trust, however, that laws which de-
prive us of every blessing but a soil that teems with the neces-
saries of life, and that liberty which renders the enjoyment of
them secure, will not relax our vigour in their defence.
556 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
"We might here observe on the cruelty and inconsistem,'y
of those, who, while they publicly brand us with reproachlul
and unworthy epithets, endeavour to deprive us of means of
defence, by their interposition with foreign powers, and to de-
liver us to the lawless ravages of a merciless soldiery. But
happily we are not w'thout resources; and though the timid
and humiliating applications of a British ministry should pre-
vail with foreign nations, yet industry, prompted by necessity,
wHl not leave us without the necessary suppKes.
"We could wish to go no further, and, not to wound the ear
of humanity, leave untold those rigorous acts of oppression,
which are daily exercised in the tov/n of Boston, did we not
hope, that by disclaiming their deeds and punishing the per-
petrators, you would shortly vindicate the honour of the
British name and re-establish the violated laws of justice.
"That once populous, flourishing, and commercial town is
now garrisoned by an army sent not to protect, but ta enslave
its inhabitants. The civil government is overturned, and a
military despotism erected upon its ruins. Without
law, without right, powers are assumed unknown to the
constitution. Private property is unjustly Invaded. The in-
habitants, daily subjected to the licentiousness of the soldiery,
are forbid to remove in defiance of their natural rights, in
violation of the most solemn compacts. Or if, after long and
wearisome solictation, a pass is procured, their effects are de-
tained, and even those who are most favoured, have no alter-
native but poverty or slavery. The distress of many thousand
people, wantonly deprived of the necessaries of life, is a sub-
ject, on which we would not wish to enlarge.
"Yet we cannot but obberve, that a British fleet (unjustified
even by acts of your legislature) are daily employed in ruining
our commerce, seizing our ships, and depriving- whole com-
munities of their daily bread. Nor will a regard for your
honour permit us to be silent, while British troops sully your
glory, by actions, which the most inveterate enmity will not
palliate among civil zed nations, the wanton and unnecessary
destruction of Ch3rlestown, a large, ancient, and once populous
town, just before deserted by its inhabitants, who had fled to
avoid the fury of your soldiery.
"If you still retain those sentiments of compassion, by which
Britons have ever been distinguished; if the humanity, which
tempered the valour of our common ancestors, has not degen-
erated into crirelty, you wall lament the miseries of their de-
scendents.
"To what are we to attribute this treatment? If to any
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 557
secret principle of tlie constitution, let it be mentioned; let us
learn, that the government we have long revered, is not with-
out its defects, and that while it gives freedom to a part, it
necessarily enslaves the remainder of the empire. If such a
principle exists, why for ages has it ceased to operate? Why
at this time is it called into action? Can no reason be assigned
for this conduct? Or must it be resolved into the wanton ex-
ercise of arbitrary power? And shall the descendents of
Britons tamely submit to this? No, sirs! we never will, while
we revere the memory of our gallant and virtuous ancestors,
wenevercan surrender those glorious privileges, for which they
fought, bled and conquered. Admit that your fleets could de-
stroy our towns, and ravage our sea-coasts; these are incon-
siderable objects; things ot no moment to men, whose bosoms
glow with the ardor of liberty. We can retire beyond the reach
of your navy, and, without any sensible diminution of the nec-
essaries of life, enjoy a luxury, which from that period you will
want; the luxury of being free.
"We know the force of your arms, and was it called forth in
the cause of justice and your country, we might dread the ex-
ertion: but will Britons fight under the banners of tyranny?
Will they counteract the labouis, and disgrace the victories of
their ancestors? Will they forge chains for their posterity?
If they descend to this unworthy task, will their swords retain
their edge, their arms their accustomed vigour? Britons can
never become the instruments of oppression, till they lose the
spirit of freedom, ty which alone they are invincible.
"Our enemies charge us with sedition. In what does it con-
sist? In our refusal to submit to unwarrantable acts of in-
justice and cruelty? If so, shew us a period in your history,
in which you have not been equally seditious.
"We are accused of aiming at independence; but how is this
accusation supported? By the allegations of your ministers,
not by our actions. Abused, insulted, and contemned, what
steps have we pursued to obtain redress? We have carried our
dutiful petitions to the throne. We have applied to your
justice for relief. We have retrenched our luxury, and with-
held our trade.
"The advantages of our commerce were designed as a com-
pensation for your protection; when you ceased to protect, for
what were we to compensate?
"What has been the success of our endeavours? The
clemency of our sovereign is unhappily diverted; our petitions
are treated with indignity; our prayers answer'>d by insults.
Our application to you remains unnoticed, and leaves us the
558 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
Hjielaiicholy apprehension of your wanting either the will, or
the power, to assist us.
"Even under these circumstances, what measures have we
taken that betray a desire of independence? Have we called
in the aid of those foreign powers, who are the rivals of your
grandeur? When your troops were few and defenceless, did
we take advantage of their distress and expel them our towns?
Or have we permitted them to lortify, to receive new aid, and
to acquire addJLional strength?
"Let not your enemies and ours persuade you, that in this
we were influenced by fear or any other unworthy motive.
The lives of Britons are still dear to us. They are the children
of our parents, and an uninterrupted intercourse of mutual
benefits had knit the bonds of friendship. When hostilities
were commenced, when on a late occasion we were wantonly
attacked by your troops, though we repelled their assaults and
returned their blows, yet we lamented the wounds they obliged
us to give; nor have we yet learned to rejoice at a victory over
Englishmen.
"As we wish not to colour our actions, or disguise our
thoughts; we shall, in the simple language of truth, avow the
measures we have pursued, the motives upon which we have
acted, and our future designs.
"When our late petition to the throne produced no other
effect than fresh injuries, and votes of your leg.slature calcu-
lated to justify every severity; when your fleets and your
armies were prepared to wrest from us our property, to rob
us of our liberties or our lives; when the hostile attempts of
general Gage evinced his designs, we levied armies for our
security and defence. When the powers vested in the governor
of Canada, gave us reason to apprehend danger from that quar-
ter; and we had frequent intimations, that a cruel and savage
enemy was to be let loose upon the defenceless inhabitants of
our frontiers; we took such measures as prudence dictated, as
necessity will justify. We possessed ourselves of Crown-Point
and Ticonderoga. Yet give us leave most solemnly to assure
you, that we have not yet lost sight of the object we have ever
had in view, a reconciliation with you on constitutional prin-
ciples, and a restoration of that friendly intercourse, which,
to the advantage of both, we till lately maintained.
"The inhabitants of this country apply themselves chiefly
to agriculture and commerce. As their fashions and manners
are similar to yours, your markets must afford them the con-
veniencies and luxuries, for which they exchange the produce
of their labours. The wealth of this extended continent cen-
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 559
ters with you; and our trade is so regulated as to be subser-
vient only to your interest. You are too reasonable to expect,
that by taxes (in addition to this) we should contribute to your
expence; to believe after diverting the fountain, that the
streams can flow with unabated force.
"It has bzen said, that we refuse to submi: to the restrictions
on our commerce. From whence is this inference drawn? Not
from our words, we having repeatedly declared the contrary;
and we again profess our submission to the sveral acts of
trade and navigation passed before the ye;ii- 17G3, trusting
nevertheless in the equity and justice of p.Trliament, that such
of them as, upon cool and impartial cons deration, shall appear
to have imposed unnecessary cr grievous res.riclious, will, at
some happier period, be repealed or alierel. And we cheer-
fully consent to the operation of such acts cf th? British par-
liament as shall be restrained to the regulation of our external
commerce, for the purpose of securing the comm rcial advan-
tages of the whole empire to the mother country, and the com-
mercial b3nefi;s of its respective members; excluding every
idea of taxation internal or external, for raising a revenue on
the subjects in America without their consent.
"It is alleged that we contribute nothing to the common de-
fence. To this we answer, that the advantages which Great-
Britain receives from the monopoly of our trade, far exceed
our proportion of the expenc? necessary for that purpose. But
should these advantages be inadequate thereto, let the restric-
tions on our trade be removed, and we will cheerfully contri-
bute such proportion when constitutionally required.
"It is a fundamental principle of the British constuution,
that every man should have at least a representativr snare in
the formation of those laws, by which he is bound. Were it
otherwise, the regulation of our internal police by a British
parliament, who are and ever will be unacquainted with our
local circumstances, must be always inconvenient, and fre-
quently oppressive, working our wrong, without yielding any
possible advantage to you.
"A plan of accommodation (as it has been absurdly called)
has been proposed by your ministers to our respective assemb-
lies. Were this proposal free from every other objection, but
that which arises from the time of the offer, it would not be
unexceptionable. Can men deliberate with the bayonet at their
breast? Can they treat with freedom, while their towns ar-^
sacked; when daily instances of injustice and oppression dis-
turb the slower operations of reason?
"If this proposal is really such as you would offer and w-
560 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
accept, why was it delayed till the nation was put to useless
expence, and we were reduced to our present melancholy situa-
tion? If it holds forth nothing, why was it proposed? Unless
indeed to deceive you into a belief, that we were unwilling to
listen to any terms of accommodation? But what is submitted
to our consideration? We contend for the disposal of our
property. We are told that our demand is unreasonable, that
our assemblies may indeed collect our money, but that they
must at the same time offer, not what your exigencies or ours
may requre, but so much as shall be deemed sufficient to
satisfy the desires of a minister and enable him to provide for
favourites and dependents. A recurrence to your own treasury
will convince you how little of the money already extorted
from us has been applied to the relief of your burthens. To
suppose that we would thus grasp the shadow and give up the
substance, is adding insult to injuries.
"We have nevertheless d,gain presented an humble and duti-
ful petition to our sovereign; and to remove every imputation
of obstinacy, have requested his majesty to direct some mode,
by which the united applications of his faithful colonists may
be improved into a happy and permanent reconcilation. We
are willing to treat on such terms as can alone render an ac-
commodation lasting, anu we flatter ourselves that our pacific
endeavours will be attended with a removal of ministerial
troops, and a repexl of those laws of the operation of which
we complain, on the one part, and a disbanding of our army,
and a dissolution of our commercial associations, on the other.
"Yet conclude not from this that we propose to surrender our
property into the ihands of your ministry, or vest your parlia-
ment with a power which may terminate in our destruction.
The great bulwarks of our constitution we have desired to
maintain by every temperate, by every peaceable means; but
your ministers (equal foes to British and American freedom)
have added to their former oppressions an attempt to reduce
us by tho sword to a base and abject submission. On the sword,
therefore, we are compelled to rely for protection. Should
victory declare in your favour, yet men trained to arms from
their infancy, and animated by the love of liberty, will afford
neither a cheap or easy conquest. Of this at least we are as-
sured, that our struggle will be glorious, our success certain;
since even in death we shall find that freedom which in life
you forbid us to enjoy.
"Let us now ask what advantages are to attend our reduc-
tion? The trade of a ruined and desolate country is always
inconsiderable, its revenue trifling; the expence of subjecting
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 561
and retaining it in subjection certain and inevitable. What
then remains but the gratification of an ill-judged pride, or
the hope of rendering us subservient to designs on your liberty.
"Soldiers who have sheathed their swords in the bowels of
their American brethren, will not draw them with more re-
luctance aga.nst you. When too late you may lament the loss
of that freedom, which we exhort you, while still in your
power, to preserve.
"On the other hand, should you prove unsuccessful; should
that connexion, which we most ardently wish to maintain, be
dissolved: should your ministers exhaust your treasures and
waste the blood of your countrymen in vain attempts on our
liberty; do they not deliver you, weak and defenceless, to your
natural enemies.
"Since then your liberty must be the price of your victories;
your ruin, of your defeat: — what blind fatality can urge you
to a pursuit destructive of all that Britons hold dear?
"If you have no regard to the connexion that has for ages
subsisted between us; if you have forgot the wounds we have
received fighting by your side for the extension of the empire;
if our commerce is not an object below your consideration; if
justice and humanity have lost their influence on your hearts,
still motives are not wanting to excite your indignation at
the measures now pursued; your w^ealth, your honour, your
liberty are at stake.
• "Notwithstanding the distress to which we are reduced, we
sometimes forget our own afflictions, to anticipate and sym-
pathize in yours. We grieve that rash and .inconsiderate coun-
cils should precipitate the destruction of an empire, which has
been the envy and admiration of ages, and call God to witness!
that we would part with our property, endanger our lives, and
sacrifice every thing but liberty, to redeem you from ruin.
"A cloud hangs over your heads and ours; ere this reaches
you, it may probably burst upon us; let us then (before the re-
membrance of former kindness is obliterated) once more repeat
those appellations which are ever grateful in our ears; let us
entreat Heaven to avert our ruin, and the destruction that
threatens our friends, brethren, and countrymen, on the other
side of the Atlantic."
The conduct observed towards the Indian nations was in
perfect consistence with that disposition for peace so opsnly
declared, and so fully manifested. Taught by adversity to
feel for the woes, and by freedom to respect the rights of
mankind, we wish to avoid that savage war which knows no
3G-7-3d Ser.
562 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
laws but indiscriminate slaughter. And altho' our enemies
haveendeavouredto stigmatize us with the design of employing
the hatchet against them, in order to cast a veil over their
own barbarity; yet the fact is, that we sedulously avoided it,
and have at length been exposed to the fury of those tribes,
because we would not take advantage of their inhuman thirst
of blood againsc our fellow men.
It was not until the 25th of November, 1775, that the Con-
gress determined to retort upon our enemies the practice of
taking property on the high seas. They considered us as
rebels, they had no laws in existence whereby our property
was forfeited. Unless we were considered as independent,
their sovereign could not authorize the capture of vessels; and
yet, in defiance of law, of leason, and of justice, they hesitated
not to plunder indiscriminately all those who resided in
America, among whom not a few were adherents to their cause.
Nor did the Congress even then make reprizals upon private
property, but leveled th ir resentment at those only who were
engaged in aiding and assisting che armies employed against
us; nor did they until the 23d of March, 1776, adopt the latter
measure, the reasons of which are fully set forth in the follow-
ing preamble:
"Whereas the petitions of the United Colonies to the king,
for the redress of great and manifold grievances, have not only
been rejected, but treateri with scorn and contempt, and the
opposition to designs evidently formed to reduce them to a
state of servile subjection, and their necessary defence against
hostile forces actually employed to subdue them, declared re-
bellion; and whereas an unjust war hath been commenced
against them, which the commanders of the British fleets and
armies have prosecuted, and still continue to prosecute, with
their utmost vigour, and in a cruel manner wasting, spoiling,
and destroying the country, burning houses and defenceless
towns, and exposing the helpless innabitants to every misery
from the inclemency of the winter, and not only urging savages
to invade the country, but instigating negroes to murder their
masters; and whereas the parliament of Great-Britain hath
lately passed an act, affirming these colonies to be in open
rebellion, forbidding all trade and commerce with the inhabit-
ants thereof, until they shall accept pardons, and submit lo
despotic rule, declaring their property, wherever found upon
the water, liable to seizure and confiscation, and enacting, that
what had been done there, by virtue of the royal authority,
were just and lawful acts, and shall be so deemed; from all
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 563
which it is manifest, that the iniquitous scheme concerted to
deprive them of the liberty they have a right to by the laws of
nature and the English constitution, will be pertinaciously pur-
sued; it being therefore necessary to provide for their defence
and security, and justifiable to make reprisals upon their
enemies, and otherwise to annoj^ them accordingto tbe laws and
usages of nations, the Congress, trusting that such of their
friends in Great-Britain (of whom it is confessed there are
manyintitled to applause and gratitude for their patriotism and
benevolence, and in whose favour a discrimination of property
cannot be made) as shall suffer by captures, will impute it to
the authors of our £ommon calamities, do declare and resolve,
as followeth."
But however reluctantly we proceeded in extending the
calamities of war to our fellow countrymen, and strengthening
ourselves by the capture of those riches which were to be em-
ployed for our destruction, the most sedulous attention was
paid to avoid and to alleviate the calamities too necessarily
attending a contest so important and so fruitful in distress.
For not only was the most generous provision made to clothe
and to feed those prisoners whom the fortune of war had
placed in our power, but lest the provocations they had re-
ceived might stimulate individuals to revenge, we find that on
the 2d of January, 1776, the Congress came to the following
resolution, viz.
"Whereas the execrable barbarity with which this unhappy
war has been conducted on the part of our enemies, such as
burning our defenceless towns and villages, exposing their in-
habitants, without regard to sex or age, to all the miseries
which loss of property, the rigour of the season, and inhuman
devastation can inflict, exciting domestic insurrections and
murders, bribing savages to desolate our frontiers, and casting
such of us as the fortune of war has put in their power, into
gaols, there to languish in irons and in want, compelling the
inhabitants of Boston, in violation of the treaty, to remain
confined within the town, exposed to the insolence of the
soldiery, and other enormities, at the mention of which de-
cency and humanity will ever blush, may justly provoke the
inhabitants of these colonies to retaliate;
"Resolved, That it be recommended to them to continue
mindful that humanity ought to distinguish the brave, that
cruelty should find no admission among a free people, and to
take care that no page in the annals of America be stained by
a recital of any action which justice or Christianity may con-
664 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
demn, and to rest assured that wheiiever retaliation may be
necessary or tend to their security, this Congress will under-
take the disagreeable task."
It must be remarked, that this resolution was passed when
the most ample means of retaliation were in our power, and
the affairs of America were the most promiseing aspect, for
the defeat before Quebec was not yet known, but, on the con-
trary, it was expected that capital fortress would soon fall into
our hands. Thousands on this continent would not have wept
in anguish for the loss of a husband, a father, or a friend, had
the same emotions of philanthropy pervaded the bosoms of our
persecutors. But the stroke of divine justice seems to have
been suspended until their cup of guilt was filled w.th the
widows and the orphans tears.
Notwithstanding the efforts which had been made for recon-
ciliation, the prospect of it seemed every moment to be more
remote. Every account from Great-Britain served to confirm
the opinion, that nothing short of an unconditional submission
on our part would be accepted; and every day's enqu.ry con-
vinced the unprejudiced, that we had every thing to fear from
a connection with them. As the governments of the several
colonies had been exercised under authority from the king of
Great-Britain, they were reduced to the alternative of being
in a manner without government, or of instituting new systems
on a basis purely republican. The former was chosen, as the
latter would have tended greatly to impede a future connection.
But a state of political anarchy could not long be tolerable to
any society; the evils resulting from it must at length have
produced the most fatal consequences; and it was impossible
to foresee what might be the event of a contest in which man-
kind were set loose from the restraints of law. Impressed
with these ideas, the Congress on the 15th of May, 1776, pub-
lished the following resolution:
"Whereas his Britannic majesty, in conjunction with the
lords and commons of Great-Britain has, by a late act of parlia-
ment, excluded the inhabitants of these United Colonies from
the protection of his crown; and whereas no answer whatever
to the humble petitions of the colonies for redress of grievances
and reconciliation with Great-Britain has been or is likely to
be given, but the wnole force of that kingdom, aided by foreign
mercenaries, is to be exerted for the destruction of the good
people of these colonies: and whereas it appears absolutely ir-
reconcileable to reason and good conscience, for the people of
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 565
these colonies now to take the oaths and affirmations necessary
for the support of any government under the crown of Great-
Britain; and it is necessary that the exercise of every kind of
authority under the said crown should be totally suppressed,
and all the powers of government exerted under the authority
of the people of the colonies, for the preservation of internal
peace, virtue, and good order, as well as for the defence of
their lives, liberties and properties, against the hostile invas-
ions and cruel depredations of their enemies;
'•Resolved. That it be recommended to the respective as-
semblies and conventions of the United Colonies, where no
government sufficient to the exigencies of their affairs hath
been hitherto established, to adopt such government as shall
in the opinion of the representatives of the people best conduce
to the happiness and safety of their constituents in particular,
and America in general."
The conduct of Great-B'-'lain was still the same compound of
violence and fraud. While the stores of political artifice were
exhausted, to prevent ur from obtaining foreign aid, nothing,
which money or promises could effect was left undone, to col-
lect the mercenaries of Germany for our subjugation. Foiled
in their former efforts, they called forth all their strength; and
to lull us into security at the same time, endeavoured to cover
their designs with the thin veil of reconciliation. For this pur-
pose they passed an act of parliament, and in consequence of
it appointed commissioners, with power to grant pardons to
those Americans, who would be so guilty as to solicit them.
At length, fully convinced of what reason had long dictated,
that no rational security for our liberties could be obtained
during a connection with Great-Britain, and that every idea of
dependence tended to enfeeble our efforts, in a cause on which
every thing was at stake, the fine spun thread, which held the
two countries together, was cut on the memorable 4th of July,
1776, by the following
"DECLARATION by the Representatives of the
UNITED STATES of AMERICA, in Congress
assembled.
"WHEN, in the course of human events, it becomes necessary
for one people to dissolve the political bands which have con-
nected them with another, and to assume, among the powers of
the earth, the separate and equal station to which the laws
of nature and of nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to
the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the
causes which impel then to the separation.
666 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
"We hold these truths to be self-evident; that all men are
created equal; that they are endowed, by their Creator, with
certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty,
and the pursuit of happiness. — That to secure these rights,
governments are instituted among men, deriving their just
powers from the consent of the governed; that whenever any
form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is
the right of the people to alter or to abolish dt, and to institute
new government, laying its foundation on such principles, and
organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most
likely to effect their safety and happiness. Prudence, indeed,
will dictate, that governments long established, should not be
changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all
experience hath shewn, that mankind are more disposed to
suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by
abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when
a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the
same object, evinces a design to reduce them under absolute
despotism, it is their duty, to throw off such government, and
to provide new guards for their future security. Such has been
the patient sufferance of these colonies; and such is now the
necessity which constrains them to alter their former systems
of government. The history of the present king of Great-
Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations.'Tall
having in direct object the establishment of an absolute
tyranny over these states. To prove this, let facts be sub-
mitted to a candid world:
"He has refused his assent to laws the most wholesome and
necessary for the public good.
"He has forbidden his governors to pass laws of immediate
and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation
till his assent should be obtained; and when so suspended, he
has utterly neglected to attend to them.
"He has refused to pass other laws for the accommodation of
large districts of people, unless those people would relinquish
the right of representation in the legislature; a right inesti-
mable to them, and formidable to tyrants only.
"He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual,
uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public
records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance
with his measures.
"He has dissolved representative houses repeatedly, for op-
posing, with manly firmness, his invasions on the rights of the
people.
"He has refused for a long time, after such dissolutions, to
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 567
cause others to be elected; whereby the legislative powers, in-
capable of annihilation, have returned to the people at large for
their exercise; the state remaining, in the mean time, exposed
to all the dangers of invasion from without, and convulsions
within.
"He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these
states; for that purpose obstructing the laws for naturalization
of foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migra-
tions hither, and raising the conditions of new appropriations
of lands.
"He has obstructed the administration of justice, by refus-
ing his assent to laws toi establishing judiciary powers.
"He has made judges dependent on his will alone, for the
tenure of their offices, and the amount and payment of their
salaries.
"He has erected a multitude of new offices, and sent hither
swarms of officers to harrass our people, and eat out their sub-
stance.
"He has kept among us, in times of peace, standing armies,
without the consent of our legislatures.
"He has affected to render the military independent of, and
superior to the civil power.
"He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction
foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws;
giving his assent to their acts of pretended legislation:
"For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us:
"For protecting them, by a mock trial, from punishment for
any murders which they should commit on the inhabitants of
these states:
"For cutting off our trade with all parts of the world:
"For imposing taxes on us without our consent:
"For depriving us, in many cases, of the benefits of trial by
jury:
"For transporting us beyond seas to be tried for pretended
offences:
"For abolishing the free system of English laws in a neigh-
bouring province, establishing therein an arbitrary govern-
ment, and enlarging its boundaries, so as to render it at once
an example and fit instrument for introducing the same abso-
lute rule into these colonies:
"For taking away our charters, abolishing our most valuable
laws, and altering fundamentally the forms of our govern-
ments:
"For suspending our own legislatures, and declaring them-
selves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases what-
soever.
568 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
"He has abdicated government here, by declaring us out of
his protection, and waging war against us.
"He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our
towns, and destroyed the lives of our people.
"He is, at this time, transporting large armies of foreign
mercenaries to complete tne works of death, desolation, and
tyranny, already begun with circumstances of cruelty and per-
fidy, scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally
unworthy the head of a civilized nation.
"He has constrained our fellow-citizens, taken captive on the
high seas, to bear arms against their country, to become the
executioners of their friends and brethren, or to fall themselves
by their ihands.
"He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has
endeavoured to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers the
merciless Indian savages, whose known rule of warfare is an
undistinguished destruction, of all ages, sexes, and conditions.
"In every stage of these oppressions we have petitioned for
redress in the most humble terms: Our repeated petitions
have been answered only by repeated injury. A prince, whose
character is thus marked by every act which may define a
tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people.
"Nor have we been wanting in attentions to our British
brethren. We have warned them, from time to time, of at-
tempts by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable juris-
diction over us. We have reminded them of the circumstances
of our emigration and settlement here. We have appealed to
their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured
ithem by the ties of our common kindred to disavow these
usurpations, which would -inevitably interrupt our connexions
and correspondence. They too have been deaf to the voice of
justice and of consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in
the necessity, which denounces our separation, and hold them,
as we hold the rest of mankind, enemies in war, in peace
friends.
"We, therefore, the representatives of the UNITED
STATES of AMERICA, in GENERAL CONGRESS assembled,
appealing to the supreme judge of the world for the rectitude
of our Intentions, do, in the name, and by authority of the
good people of these colonies, solemnly publish and declare,
That these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be,
FREE and INDEPENDENT STATES; that they are absolved
from all allegiance to the British crown, and that all political
connexion between them and the state of Great-Britain, is,
and ought to be. totally dissolved; and that as FREE and
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 569
INDEPENDENT STATES: they have full power to levy war,
conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce, and to
do all other acts and things which INDEPENDENT STATES
may of right do. And for tho support of this declaration, with
a firm reliance on the protection of DIVINE PROVIDENCE,
we mutually pledge to each other our lives, our fortunes, and
our sacred honor."
This decisive step was taken in the face of the whole British
force collected on our shores. From that moment every thing
assumes a new appearance: The propositions and supplica-
tions for reconciLation, so haughtly rejected, were done away.
The metaphysical disquisitions about the compatibility of col-
onial liberty and parliamentary authority in comme:cial super-
intendency by acts of legislation, to the effect of external, ex-
clusively of the idea of internal, taxation: — ^These, with all the
jargon incident to them, were at an end. A single clear point
was put on the issue of the contest, whether we should be con-
quered enslaved provinces, or free and independent States?
And on this proposition every man was in capacity to take his
decided part.
Upon the 3d day of September, 1776, general Sullivan, who
had been made prisone:- by the enemy in the action of Long
Island, delivered the following message to Congress from lord
Howe:
"That, though he could not at present treat with Congress
as such, yet he was very desirous of having a conference with
some of the members, whom he would consider for the present
only as private gentlemen, and meet them himself as such, at
such place as they should appoint:
"That he, in conjunct-ion with general Howe, had full powers
to compromise the dispute between Great-Britain and America
upon terms advantageous to both; the obtaining of which de-
layed him near two months in England, and prevented his ar-
rival at this place before the declaration of independency took
place:
"That h"^ wished a compact might be settled at this time,
when no decisive blow was struck, and neither party could
say that they were compelled to enter into such agreement:
"That, in case Congress were disposed to treat, many things,
which they had not as yet asked, might and ought to be
granted them; and that, if upon the conference, they found any
probable ground of an accommodation, the authority of Con-
gress must be afterwards acknowledged, otherwise the compact
would not be complete."
570 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
On the 5th of September the Congress came to the follow. ng
resolutions; to wit,
"Resolved, That general Sullivan be requested to inform lord
Howe, that this Congress, being the representatives of the free
and independent States of America, cannot with propriety send
any of its members, to confer with his lordship in their private
characters, but that ever desirous of establishing peace on
reasonable terms, they will send a committee of their body, to
know whether he has any authority to treat with persons au-
thorized by Congress for that purpose in behalf of America,
and what that authority is, and to hear such propositions as he
shall think fit to make respecting the same:
"That the president be desired to write to general Washing-
ton, and acquaint him, that it is the opinion of Congress, no
proposals for making peace between 'Great-Britain and the
United States of America ought to be received or attended to,
unless the same be made in writing and addressed to the repre-
sentatives of the said states in Congress, or persons authorized
by them: And if application be made to him by any of the
commanders of the British forces on that subject, that he in-
form them, that these United States, who entered into the war
only for the defence of their lives and liberties, will cheerfully
agree to peace on reasonable terms, whenever such shall be
proposed to them in manner aforesaid."
The committee was appointed the next day, and upon the
17th made the following report,
"In obedience to the orders of Congress, we have had a meet-
ing with lord Howe. It was on Wednesday last upon Staten-
Island, opposite to Amboy, where his lordship received and en-
tertained us with the utmost politeness.
"His lordship opened the conversation by acquainting us,
that, tho' he could not treat with us as a committee of Con-
gress, yet as his powers enabled him to confer and consult with
any private gentlemen of influence in the colonies, on the
means of restoring peace between the two countries, he was
glad of this opportunity of conferring with us on that subject,
if we thought ourselves at liberty to enter into a conference
with him in that character. We observed to his lordship, that,
as our business was to hear, he might consider us in what light
he pleased, and communicate to us any propositions he might
be authorized to make for the purpose mentioned; but, that we
could consider ourselves in no other character than that in
which we were placed by order of Congress. His lordship then
entered into a discourse of a considerable length, which con-
AMERLCAN REVOLUTION. 571
tained no explicit proposition of peace, except one, namely,
That the colonies should return to their allegiance and obedi-
ence to the govfernment of Great-Britain. The rest consisted
principally of assurances, that there was an exceeding good
disposition in the king and his ministers to make that govern-
ment easy to us, with intimations, that, in case of our submis-
sion, they would cause the offensive acts of parliament to be
revised, and the instructions to governors to be reconsidered;
that so, if any just causes of complaint were found in the acts,
or any errors In government were perceived to have crept into
the instructions, they might be amended or withdrawn.
"We gave it as our opinion to his lordship, that a return to
the domination of Great-Britain was not now to be expected.
We mentioned the repeated humble petitions of the colonies
to the king and parliament, which had been treated with con-
tempt and answered only by additional injuries; the unex-
ampled patience we had shewn under their tyrannical govern-
ment, and that it was not till the late act of parliament, which
denounced war against us, and put us out of the king's protec-
tion, that we declared our Independence; that this declaration
had been called for by the people of the colonies in general;
that every colony had approved of it, when made, and all now
considered themselves as Independent States, and were settling
or had settled their governments accordingly; so that it was not
in the power of Congress to agree for them, that they
should return to their former dependent state; that there was
no doubt of their inclination to peace, and their willingness to
enter into a treaty with Britain, that might be advantageous to
both countries; that, though his lordship had at present no
power to treat with them as Independent States, he might, if
there was the same good disposition in Britain, much sooner
obtain fresh powers from thence, for that purpose, than
powers could be obtained by Congress, from the several col-
onies, to consent to a submission.
"His lordship then saying, that he was sorry to find, that no
accomodation was like to take palce, put an end to the con-
ference.
"Upon the whole, it did not appear to your committee, that
his lordship's commission contained any other authority tha'n
that expressed in the act of parliament, namely, that of grant-
ing pardons, with such exceptions as the commissioners shall
think proper to make, and of declaring America, or any part
of it, to be in the king's peace, upon submission: For, as to
the power of enquiring into the state of America, which his
lordship mentionerl to us. and of conferring and consulting
572 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
with any persons the commissioners might think proper, and
representing the result of such conversation to the ministry,
who provided the colonies would subject themselves, might
after all or might not. at their pleasure, make any alterations
in the former instructions to governors, or propose .n parlia-
ment any amendment of the acts complained of, we appre-
hended any expectation from the effect of such a power would
have been too uncertain and precarious to be relied on by
America, had she still continued in her state of dependence."
From this moment the war raged with the utmost violence,
and was prosecuted by the enemy with unabated vigor and
barbarity. To recite the numerous instances .n which their
faith, solemnly pledged, hath been broken, would bs tedious
and perhaps useless: Victory declared herself for a long time
in favor of their superior numbers and superior discipline, and
their insolence was equal to their success. Unable to compre-
hend the whole of the object they had undertaken, and over-
joyed at the acquisition of the minuter parts, already the needy
greedy parasites of a voluptuous court had in imagination
carved out our possessions among them, and wantoned in the
prospect of enjoying the fruits of our laborious industry.
Every thing, therefore, which looked like conciliation, was
treated as a concession flowing from feebleness of soul. T>he
spirit of despotism, flushed with hope and inured to guilt,
turned a hard unfeeling eye upon the miseries of human
nature, and directed, well pleas'd, the siorm of vengeance to
the head of freedom. But that full tide of success, which had
carried their expectations so high, began to ebb away: The
gallant army commanded by Burgoyne, checked by impedi-
ments which nature had thrown in bis course, at length sub-
mitted, notwithstanding the efforts of their accomplished gen-
eral, to the determined bravery of their foes. The splendor of
our success in that quarter called the attention of Europe to
our fortitude and perseverance. The weight and importance
of a country which could resist the astonishing efforts made by
Great-Britain, were evident to the most careless observation.
The acknowledgement of our independence became therefore
an object of serious deliberation. Awakened from their dream
of glory to a view of their danger, the ministry of England
determined, if possible, to recover what they had wantonly
thrown away.
On the 21st day of April, 1778, the Congress, then sitting at
York-Town, received a letter from the general, inclosing a
printed paper from Philadelphia, to the following effect:
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 573
" DRAUGHT of a BILL, for declaring the intentions of the
Parliament of Great-Britain, concerning the exercise of the
right of imposing taxes within his Majesty's colonies, pro-
vinces and plantations in North-America.
"WHEREAS the exercise of the right of taxation by the
Parliament of Great-Britain, for the purpose of raising a
revenue in his Majesty's colonies, provinces, and plantations
in North-America, has been found by experience to occasion
great uneasinesses and disorders, and has by sundry misrepre-
sentations been made the means of misleading many of his
majesty's faithful subjects, who yet acknowledge the justice
of contributing to the common defence of the empire, provided
such contributions should be raised under the authority of the
General Court, or General Assembly, of each respective colony,
province or plantation: And whereas, in order as well as to re-
move the said uneasinesses, and to quiet the minds of his Ma-
jesty's subjects, who may be disposed to return to their alle-
giance, as to restore the peace and welfare of all his Majesty's
dominions. It Is expedient to declare, that the King and Par-
liament of Great Britain will not impose any duty, tax or
assessment, for the purpose of raising a revenue within any
of the said colonies, provinces or plantations:
"May it please your Majesty, That it may be declared and
enacted, and it is hereby declared and enacted, &c. That
from and after the passing of this Act, the King and Parlia-
ment of Great-Britain will not impose any duty, tax or assess-
ment whatsoever, payable within any of his Majesty's colonies,
provinces and plantations in North^America, except only such
duties as it may be expedient to impose for the regulation of
commerce; the net produce of such duties to be always paid
and applied to, and for, the useiof the colony, province or plan-
tation, in which the same shall be respectively levied, in such
manner as other duties collected by the authority of the res-
pective General Courts, or General Assemblies, of such colo-
nies, provinces or plantations, are ordinarily paid and applied."
"DRAUGHT of a BILL to enable his Majesty to appoint Com-
missioners with sufficient powers to treat, consult, and agree
upon the means of quieting the disorders now subsisting in
certain of the colonies, plantations and provinces of North-
America.
"FOR the quieting and extinguishing cf divers jealousies and
misapprehensions of danger to their liberties an.i legal rights,
which have misled many of his Majesty's subjects in the colo-
574 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
nies. provinces and plantations of New-Hampshire. Massa-
chusetts-Bay, Rhode-Island, Connecticut, New-York, New-
Jersey, Pennsylvania, the three lower counties on Delaware,
Maryland, Virginia, North-Carolina, South-Carolina, and
Georgia, and for a fuller manifestation of the just and gracious
purposes of his Majesty and his Parliament, to maintain and
secure all his subjects in a clear and perfect enjoyment of such
liberties and rights; Be it enacted, &c. That persons to
be appointed by his Majesfy, under the Great Seal of Great-
Britain, or any of them, shall by force of this Act, have full
power, commission and authority to treat, consult and agree
with such body or bodies political and corporate, or with such
assembly or assemblies of men, or with such person or persons,
as in their wisdom and discretion they shall think meet, of and
concerning any grievances, or complaints of grievances, exist-
ing, or supposed to exist, in the government of any of the said
colonies, provinces or plantations respectively, or in fhe laws
and statutes of this realm, respecting the same; and of or con-
cerning any aid or contribution to be furnished by all or any
of the colonies, provinces or plantations respectively, for the
common defence of this realm, and the dominions thereunto
belonging; and of and concerning such other regulations, pro-
visions, matters and things, as upon mature deliberation of the
said Commissioners, or any of them, shall be thought
necessary or convenient for the honor of his Majesty, and the
common good of all h's subjects.
"Provided also, and be it turther enacted and declared.
That no regulation, provision, matter or thing so proposed,
treated, consulted or agreed, shall have any other force or
effect, or be carried further into execution, than is herein after
mentioned and provided, until the same shall have been ap-
proved by Parliament.
"Provided also, and be it further enacted by the authority
aforesaid, That in order to facilitate the good purposes of this
Act, it shall and may be lawful for the said Commissioners, or
any of them, from time to time, as they shall judge it
convenient, to order and proclaim a cessation of hostilities, on
the part of his Majesty's troops, in any of the said colonies or
plantations, or any part thereof, for any time, and under any
conditions or restrictions, which they shall think convenient,
and such order and proclamation to revoke and annul in the
same manner and form, according to their discretion.
"And be it further enacted, That it shall be lawful for the
said Commissioners, or any of them, by proclamation
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 575
under their respective hands and seals, from time to time, to
suspend the operation and effects of a certain Act of Parlia-
ment, made and passed in the 16th year of the reign of his
present Majesty, for proh. biting all trade and intercourse with
certain colonies and plantations therein named, and for the
other purposes therein also mentioned, or any of the provisions
or restrictions therein contained, for such convenient time as
the said Commissioners shall think proper, specifying in such
proclamation at what fimes or places respectively, and with
what exceptions and restrictions, the said suspension shall
take effect, and the said suspension and proclamation in the
same manner and form to annul and revoke, according to the.r
discretion.
"And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That
the said Commissioners, or any of them, may, and they are
hereby authorised and impowered to suspend in such places,
and for such times as they shall think fit, during the continu-
ance of this Act, the operation and effect of all or any of the
Actor Acts of Parliament which have passed since the 10th day
of February, 1763, and which relate to any of his Majesty's said
colonies, provinces or plantations in North-America, so far as
the same does relate to them, or the operation and effect of any
clause, or any provision or matter therein contained, so far as
such clauses, provisions or matters, relate to any of the said
colonies, provinces or plantations.
"And it is hereby enacted by the authority aforesaid, That
it shall and may be lawful to and for the said Commissioners,
or any of them, and they are hereby authorized and im-
powered to grant a pardon or pardons to any number or des-
cription of persons within the said colonies, provinces or plan-
tations.
"And that no let or hindrances may happen from the vacancy
of the office of Governor and Commander in Chief in any of the
said colonies, provinces or plantations respectively, or from the
absence of such officer fiom his government, Be it further en-
acted by the authority aforesaid. That the said Commissioners,
or any of them, shall have full power and authority
in any of the said colonies, provinces or plantations respect-
ively, wherein his Majesty hath usually heretofore nominated
and appointed a Governor, to nominate and appoint, by any
instrument under their hands and seals, a proper person to be
the Governor and Commander in Chief in and for any such
colony, province or plantation, to have, hold, and exercise,
57G OBSERVATIONS ON THE
during his Majesty's pleasure, the said office of Governor and
Commander in Chief in and for such colony or plantation re-
spectively, with all such powers and authorities as any Gk>ver-
nor of such province heretofore appointed by his Majesty
might or could have exercised, .in as full and complete manner
and form, as if such Governor and Commander in Chief had
been nominated and appointed by his Majesty's letters patent
or commission, and for that purpose, if need be, to revoke,
annul, and make void any commission or letters patent hereto-
fore granted, for appointing any such Governor and Com-
mander in Chief.
"An be it further enacted, That this Act shall continue to be
in force until the first day of June, which shall be in the year
1779.
Philadelphia, 14th April, 1778.
Published by order of the Commander in Chief,
ROBERT MACKENZIE, Secretary."
This was referred to a committee, who, on the 22d of April,
made the following report;
"The Committee to whom was referred the general's letter
of the 18th, containing a certain printed paper sent from Phila-
delphia, purporting to be the draught of a Bill for declaring
the intentions of the Parliament of Great-Britain, as to the ex-
ercise of what they are pleased to term their right of imposing
taxes within these United States; and also the draught of a
Bill to enable the King of Great-Britain to appoint Commis-
sioners, with powers to treat, consult and agree upon the
means of quieting certain disorders within the said States, beg
leave to observe,
"That the said paper being industriously circulated by emis-
saries of the enemy, in a partial and secret manner, the same
ought to be forthwith printed for the public information.
"The Committee cannot ascertain whether the contents of
â – the said paper have been framed in Philadelphia, or in Great-
Britain, much less whether the same are really and truly in-
tended to be brought into the Parliament of that kingdom, or
whether the said Parliament will confer thereon the usual
solemnities of their laws. But are inclined to believe this will
happen, for the following reasons:
"1st. Becau?e ther General hath made divers feeble efforts
to set on foot some kind of treaty during the last winter,
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 577
though, either from a mistaken idea of his own dignity and
importance, the want of infoimation, or some other cause, he
hath not made application to those who are invested with a
proper authority.
"2dly. Because they suppose that the fallacious idea of a
cessat.on of hostilities will render these States remiss in their
preparations for war.
"Sdly. Because believing the Americans wearied with war,
they suppose we will accede to their terms for the sake of
peace.
"4thly. Because they suppose that our negociations may be
subject to a like corrupt influence with their debates.
"5thly. Because they expect from this step the same effects
they did from what one of their ministers thought proper to
call h.s conciliatory motion, viz. that it will prevent foreign
powers from giving aid to these States; that it will lead their
own subjects to continue a little longer the present war; and
that it will detach some weak men in America f.om the cause
of freedom and virtue.
"6thly. Because their King, from his own shewing, hath rea-
son to apprehend tha^ his fleets and amies, Instead of being
employed against the territories of these States, will be neces-
sary for the defence of his own dominions. And
"7thly. Because the impracticability of subjugating this
country being every day more and more manifest, it is the.r
interest to extricate themselves from the war upon any terms.
"The Committee beg leave further to observe, That, upon a
supposition the matters contained in the said paper will really
go into the British Statute Book, they serve to shew, in a clear
point of view, the weakness and wickedness of the enemy.
"THEIR WEAKNESS.
"1st. Because they formerly declared, not only that they had
a right to bind the inhabitants of these States in all cases
whatsoever, but also that the said inhabitants should absolute-
ly and unconditionally submit to the exercise of that right.
And this submission they have endeavoured to exact by the
sword. Receding from this claim, therefore, under the present
circumstances, shews their inability to enforce it.
"2dly. Because their Prince hath heretofore rejected the
humblest petitions of the Representatives of America, praying
37-7-3d Ser.
578 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
to be considered as subjects, and protected in the enjoyment of
peace, liberty and safety; and bath waged a most cruel war
against them, and employed the savages to butcher innocent
women and children. But now the same Prince pretends to
treat wdth those very Representatives, and grant to the arms
of America what he refused to her prayers.
"3dly. Because they have uniformly labored to conquer this
continent, rejecting every idea of accommodation proposed to
them, from a confidence in their own strength. Wherefore it
is evident, from the change in their mode of attack, that they
have lost this confidence. And
"4thly. Because the constant language, spoken not only by
their Ministers, but by the most public and authentic acts of
the nation, hath been, that it is incompatible with their dignity
to treat with the Americans while they 'have arms in their
hands. Notwithstanding which, an offer is now about to be
made for treaty.
"THE WICKEDNESS and INSINCEDRTIY of the enemy ap-
pear from the following considerations:
"1st Either the Bills now to be passed contain a direct or
indirect cession of a part ot their former claims, or they do
not. If they do, then it is acknowledged that they have sacri-
ficed many brave men in an unjust quarrel. If they do not,
then they are calculated to deceive America into terms, to
which neither argument before the war, nor force since, could
procure her assent.
"2dly. The first of these Bills appears, from the title, to be
a declaration of the intentions of the British Parliament con-
cerning the exercise of the right of imposing taxes within these
States. Wherefore, should these States treat under the said
Bill, they would indirectly acknowledge that right, to obtain
which acknowledgment the present war hath been avowedly
undertaken and prosecuted on the part of Great-Britain.
3dly. Should such pretended right be so acquiesced in, then,
of consequeijce, the same might be exercised whenever the
British Parliament should find themselves in a different tem-
per and disposition; since it must depend upon those, and such
like contingencies, how far men will act according to their
former intentions.
"4thly. The said first Bill, in the body thereof, containeth
no new matter, but is precisely the same with the motion be-
fore-mentioned, and liable to all the objections which lay
AMEFilCAN REVOLUTION. 579
against the said motion, excepting the following pa: ticular, viz.
that by the motion, actual taxation was to be suspended, bo
long as America shouid give as much as the said Parliament
might think proper: Whereas, by the proposed Bill, it is to be
suspended, as long as future Parliaments continue of the same
mind with the present.
"5thly. From the second Bill it appears, that the British
King may, if he pleases, appoint Commissioners to treat and
agree with those, whom they please, about a variety oflhings
therein mentioned. But such treaties and agreements are to
be of no validity without the concurrence or the said parlia-
ment, except so far as they relate to the suspens on of hostili-
ties, and of certain of their Acts, the granting of pardons, and
appointing of Governors to these sovereign, free and indepen-
dent States. Wherefore, the said iParliament have reserved to
themselves, in express words, the power of setting aside any
such treaty, and taking the advantage of any circumstances
which may arise to subject this continent to their usurpa-
tions.
6thly. The said Bill, by holding forth a tender of pardon,
implies a criminalty in our Justifiable resistance, and conse-
quently, to treat under it would be an implied acknowledgment
that the inhabitants of these States were, what Britain hath
declared them to be, Rebels.
"7thly. The inhabitants of these States being claimed by
them as Subjects, they may infer, from the nature of the
negociation now pretenoed to be set on foot, that the said
inhabitants would of right be afterwards bound by such laws
as they should make. Wherefore any agreement entered into
on such negociation might at any future time be repealed.
And
"8thly. Because the said Bill purports, that the Commis-
sioners therein ment.oned may treat with private individuals;
a measure highly derogatory to the dignity of national char-
acter.
"From all which it appears evident to your Committeo, that
the said Bills are intended to operate upon the hopes and fears
of the good people of these States, so as to create divisions
among them, and a defection from the common cause, now by
the blessing of Divine Providence drawing near to a favour-
able issue. That they arc the sequel of that insidious plan,
which, from the days of the Stamp-act down to the present
5b(J OBSERVATIONS ON THE
time, hath involved this country in contention and bloodshed.
And that, as in other cases so in this although circumstances
may force them at times to recede from their unjustifiable
cla-ms, there can be no doubt but they will as heretofore, upon
the first favorable occasion, again display that lust of domina-
tion, which hath rent in twain the mighty empire of Britain.
"Upon the whole matter, the Committee beg leave to report
it as their opinion, that as the Americans united in this ardu-
ous contest upon principles of common interest, for the defence
of common rights and privileges, which union hath been
cemented by common calamities and by mutual good offices and
affection, so the great cause for which they contend, and in
which all mankind are interested, must derive its success from
the continuance of that union. Wherefore any man or body of
men, who should presume to make any separate or partial
convention or agreement with Commissioners under the crown
of Great-Britain, or any of them, ought to be considered and
treated as open and avowed enemies of these United States.
"And inasmuch as it appears to be the design of the enemies
opinion. That these United States cannot, with propriety, hold
any conference or treaty with any Commissioners on the part
of Great-Britain, unless they shall, as a preliminary thereto,
either withdraw their fleets and armies, or else, in positive and
express terms, acknowldge the Independence of the said States.
"And inasmuch as it appears to be the design of the enemies
of these States to lull them into a fatal security— to the end
that they may act with a becoming weight and importance, it
is the opinion of your Committee, That the several States be
called upon to use the most strenuous exertions to have their
respective quotas of continental troops in the field as soon as
possible, and that all the militia of the said States be held in
readiness, to act as occasion may require.
This report being read, and debated by paragraphs, was
agreed to unanimously, and published.
On the next day Ccngress came to the following resolution:
"Whereas persuasion and influence, the example of the de-
luded or wicked, the fear of danger, or the calamities of war,
may have induced some of the subjects of these states to join,
aid. or abet the British forces in America: and tho' now de-
sirous of returning to their duty, and anxiously wlshirg to be
received and reunited to their country, they may be deterred
by the fear of punishment; and whereas the people of these
AMERICAN REVOLUTION, 581
States are ever more ready to reclaim than to abandon, to
mitigate than to increase the horrors of war, to pardon than to
punish offenders:
"Resolved, That it be recommended to the legislatures of the
several states to pass laws, or to the executive authority of
each state, if invested with sufficient power, to issue proclama-
tions offering pardon, with such exceptions and under such
limitations and restrictions as the several st;ates shall think
expedient, to such of their inhabitants or subjects who have
levied war against any of these states, or who have adhered to,
aided or abetted the enemy, and who shall surrender them-
selves to any evil or military officer of any of these states,
and shall return to the state to which they may belong before
the 10th day of June next: and it is recommended to the good
and faithful citizens of these states to receive such returning
penitents with compassion and mercy, and to forgive and bury
in oblivion their past failings and transgress'ons."
On the 2d of May Mr. Simeon Deane arrived at York-Town
with copies of the treaties with France, which were ratified on
the 4th, and on the 8th the following address was made to
the people of America:
"Friends and Countrymen,
" THREE years have now passed away since the commence-
ment of the present war. A war without parallel in the annals
of mankind. It hath displayed a spectacle the most solemn
that can possibly be exhibited. On one side, we behold fraud
and violence laboring in the iserviceof despotison; on the other,
virtue and fortitude supporting and establishing the r ghts of
human nature.
"You cannot but remember how reluctantly we w're dragged
into this arduous contest; and how repeatedly, with the earn-
estness of humble intreaty, we supplicated a redress of our
grievances from him who ought to have been the father of his
people. In vain did we implore his protection: in vain appeal
to justice, the generosity, of Englishmen — of men who had
been the guardians, the acsertors and vindicators of liberty
thro' a succession of ages; men, who, with their swords, had
established the firm barrier of freedom, and cemented it with
the blood of heroes. Every effort was vain. For, even whilst
we were prostrated at the foot of the throne, that fatal blow
was struck, which hath separated us for ever. Thus spurned,
contemned, and insulted — thus driven by our enem es into
measures which our souls abhorred — we made a solemn appeal
5S2 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
to the tribunal of unerring wisdom and justice — 13 that Al-
mightj' ruler of princes whose king-dom is over all.
"We were then quite defenceless. Without arms, without
ammunition, without clothing, without ships, without money,
without officers skilled in war; with no other reliance but the
bravery of our people and the justice of our cause. We had
to contend with a Uc-.tion great in arts and in arms, whose
fleets covered the ocean, whose banners had waved in triumph
thro' every quarter of the globe. However unequal this con-
test, our weakness was ftill farther increased by the enemies
which America had nourished 'n her bosom. Thus exposed, on
the one hand, to external force and internal divisions; on the
other, to be compelled to drink of the bitter cup of slavery,
and to go sorrowing all our lives long; in this sad alternative,
we chose the former. To this alternative we were reduced by
men, who, had they been animated by one spark of generosity,
would have disdained to take such mean advantage of our
situation; or, had they paid the least regard to the rules of
justice, would have considered with abhorrence a proposition
to injure those who had faithfully fought their battles, and
industriously contributed to rear the edifice of their glory.
"But, however great the injustice of our foes in commencing
this war, it is by no means equal to the cruelty with which
they have conducted it. The course of their armies is marked
by rapine and devastation. Thousands, without distinction of
age or sex, have b?en driven from their peaceful abodes, to
encounter the rigors of inclement seasons; and the face of
Heaven hath been insulted by the wanton conflagration of
defenceless towns. Their victories have been followed by the
cool murder of men no longer able to resist; and those who
escaped from the first act of carnage have been exposed, by
cold, hunger, and nakedness, to wear out a miserable existence
in the tedious hours of confinement, or to become the destroy-
ers of their countrymen, of their friends, perhaps, dreadful
idea! of their parents or children. Nor was this the outrage-
ous barbarity of an individual, but a system of deliberate
malice, stamped with the concurrence of the Britis'a legisla'ure,
and sanctioned with all the formalities of law. Nay, de-
termined to dissolve the closest bonds of society, they have
stimulated servants to slay their masters in the peaceful hour
of domestic security. And, as if all this were insufficient to
slake their thirst of blood, the blood of brothers, of unoffending
brothers, they have exc'ted the Indians against us; and a
general, who calls himself a christian, a follower of the merci-
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 583
fill Jesus, hath dared to proclaim to all the world his intention
of letting loose against us whole- hosts of savages, whose rule
of warfare is promiscuous carnage, who rejoice to murder the
infant smiling in its mother's arms, to inflict on their prisoners
the most excruciating torments, and exhibit scenes of horror
from which nature recoils.
"Were it possible, they would have added to this terrible
system, for they have offered the inhabitants of these states to
be exported by their merchants to the sickly, baneful climes of
India, there to perish. An offer not accepted of. merely from
the impracticability of carrying it into execution.
"Notwithstanding these g:-eat provocations, we have treated
such of them as fell into our hands with tenderness, and studi-
ously endeavoured to alleviate the afflictions of their captivity.
This conduct we have pursued so far, as to be by them
stigmatized with cowardice, and by our friends with folly.
But our dependence was not upon man. It was upon Him who
hath commanded us to love our enemies, and to render good
for evil. And what can be more wonderful than the manner
of our deliverances? How often have we been reduced to dis-
iress, and yet been raised up? When the means to prosecute
the war have been wanting to us, have not our foes themselves
been rendered instrumental in providing them? This hath
been done in such a variety of instances, so peculiarly marked
almost by the direct interposition of Providence, that not to
feel and acknowledge his protection, would be the height of
impious ingratitude.
"At length that God of battles, in whom was our trust, hath
conducted us through the paths of danger and distress to the
thresholds of security. It hath now become morally certain,
that, if we have courage to persevere, we shall establish our
liberties and independence.— The haughty prince, who spurned
us from his feet with contumely and disdain,— and the parlia-
ment which proscribed us, now descend to offer terms of ac-
commodation. Whilst in the full career of victory, they pulled
off the mask, and avowed their intended despotism: But,
ihaving lavished in vain the blood and treasure of their subjects
in pursuit of this execrable purpose, they now endeavour to
ensnare us with the insidious offers of peac:. They would
seduce you into a dependence, which necessarily, inevitably
leads to the most humiliating slavery. And do th^y believe
that you will accept these fatal terms? Because you have
suffered the distress of war. do they suppose that you will
584 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
basely lick the dust before the feet of your destroyers? Can
there be an American so lost to the feelings which adorn
human nature? To the generous pride, the elevation, the dig-
nity of freedom? Is theie a man who would not abhor a
dependence upon those who have deluged his country in the
blood of its inhabitants? We cannot suppose this; neither is
it possible that they themselves can expect to make many con-
verts. What then is their intention? Is it not to lull you with
the fallacious hopes of peace, until they can assemble new
armies to prosecute their nefarious designs? If this is not the
case, why do they strain every nerve to levy men throughout
their islands? W^hy dc they meanly court each little tyrant
of Europe to sell them his unhappy slaves? Why do they con-
tinue to embitter the minds of the Savages against you?
Surely this is not the way to conciliate the affections of
America. Be not, therefoT-e, deceived. You have still to ex-
pect one severe conflict. Your foreign alliances, though they
secure your independence, cannot secure your country from
desolation, your habitations from plunder, your wives from
dnsult or violation, nor ycur children from butchery. Foiled
in their principal design, you must expect to feel the rage of
disappointed ambition. Arise then! To your tents! And
gird you for the ba:tle! It is time to tu"n the headlo"g cur-
rent of vengeance upon the head of the destroyer. They have
filled up the measure of their abominations, and like ripe fruit
must soon drop from the tree. Altho' much is done, yet much
remains to do. Expect not peace, whilst any corner of America
is in possession of your foes. You must drive them away from
this land of promise, a land flowing indeed with milk and
honey. Your brethren at the extremities of the continent al-
ready implore your friendship and protection. It is your duty
to grant their request. They hunger and thrist after liberty.
Be it yours to dispense to them the heavenly gift. And what is
there now to prevent it?
"After the unremitted efforts of our enemies, we are stronger
than before. Nor can the wicked emissaries, who so assidu-
ously labor to promote their cause, point out any one reason
to suppose that we shall not receive daily accessions of
strength. They tell you, it is true, that your money is of no
value; and your debts so enormous they can never be paid.
But we tell you, that if Britain prosecutes the war another
campaign, that single camprign will cost her more than we
have hitherto expended. And yet these men would prevail
upon you to take up that immense load, and for it to sacrifice
your ^.earest rights. For, surely there is no man so absurd
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 5S5
as to suppos?, that the least shadow of libsrty can be preserved
in a dependent connexion with Great-Britain. From th?
nature of the thing it is evident, that the only se urity you
could obtain, would be the justice and moderation of a parlia-
ment who have sold the rights of their own consUluents. And
this slender security is still fa'-ther weakened, by the con-
sideration that it was pledged to rebels, (as they unjustly call
the good people of these states) with whom they think they are
not bound to keep faith by any law wuatsoever. Thus would
you be cast bound among men, whose minds (by youe virtuous
resistence) have been sharpened to the keenest edge of revenge.
Thus would your children, and your childrens children, be, by
you, forced to a participation in all their debts, their wars,
their luxuries and their crimes. And this mad, this impious
system they would lead you to adopt, because of the derange-
ment of your finances.
"It becomes you deeply to reflect on this subject. Is there a
country on earth, which hath such resources for the payment
of our debts as America? Such an extensive territory? So
fertile, so blessed in its climate and productions? Surely there
is none'. Neither is there any to which the wise Europeans will
sooner confide their property. What then are the reasons that
your money hath depreciated? Because no taxes have been
imposed to carry on the war. Because your commerce hath
been interrupted by your enemy's fleets. Because their armies
have ravaged and desolated a part of your country. Because
their agents have villainously counterfeited your bills. Be-
cause extortioners among you, inflamed with the lust of gain,
have added to the price of every article of life. And because
weak men have been artfully led to believe that it is of no
value. How is this dangerous disease to be remedied? Let
those among you, who have leisure and opportunity, collect
the monies which individuals in their neighborhood are de-
sirous of placing in the public funds. Let the several legis-
latures sink their respective emissions, that so, there being
but one kind of bills, there may be less danger of counterfeits.
Refrain a little while from purchasing those things which are
not absolutely necessary, that so these who have engrossed
commodities may suffer (as they deservedly will) the loss of
their ill-gotton hoards, by reason of the commerce with foreign
nations, which their fleets will protect. Above all, bring for-
ward your armies into the field. Trust not to appearances of
peace or safety. Be assured that, unless you persevere, you
will be exposed to every species of barbarity. But if you exert
586 OBSERVATIONS ON TilK
the means of defence which God and nature have given you,
the time will soon arrive when every man shall sit under his
own vine and under his own fig-tree, and there shall be none to
make him afraid.
"The sweets of a free commerce with every part of the
earth will soon reimburse you for all the losses you have sus-
tained. The full tide of wealth will flow in upon your shores,
free from the arbitrary impositions of those whose interest and
whose declared policy it was to check your growth. Your in-
terests will be fostered and nourished by governments that de-
rive their power from your grant, and will therefore be obliged,
by the influence of cogent necessity, to exert it in your favor.
"It is to obtain these things that we call for your strenuous,
unremitted exertions. Yet do not believe that you have been
or can be saved merely by your own strength. No! It is by
the assistance of Heaven, and this you must assiduously culti-
vate by acts which Heaven approves. Thus shall the power
and the happiness of these sovereign, free and independent
States, founded on the virtue of their citizens, increase, ex-
tend and endure, until the Almighty shall blot out all the
empires of the earth."
On the 6th of June the Congress received a letter of the 27th
of May from lord Howe, and one of the 3d of June from general
Clinton, accompanied with three acts of parliament: they were
as follows,
Philadelphia, May 27, 1778.
SIR,
" HAVING, by a packet just arrived from Great-Britain, re-
ceived the King's commands to transmit to the Congress, and
the commander in Chief of their troops, the copies of two acts,
passed this session of Parliament, for quieting the disorders
now subsisting in these colonies, and preparing the way for the
return of peace, I embrace the earliest opportunity to forward
the inclosed copies of those acts, and of one other act relating
to the government of the province of Massachusetts-Bay, for
the information of the Congress the eon; most sincerely hoping
this communication will be productive of the desired good
effects. I am, with due consideration. Sir,
Your most obedient servant,
Henry Laurens, Esq; HOWE."
President of the Congress.
AMKKICAX REVOLUTION. 587
Head-Quarters, Philadelphia. June 3, 1778.
SIR,
"I AM directed to transmit to Congress, and the Commander
in Chief of their troops, printed copies of three conciliatory
acts of Parliament: Let me add my most sincere wishes, that
they may produce the desirable effect which is hoped from
them. I have the honor to be. Sir,
Your most obedient and
Most humbl? servant,
Henry Laurens. Esq; H. CLINTON."
President of the Congress.
" An Act for repealing an act, passed in the fourteenth year
of his present Majesty's reign, intituled. An Act for the bet-
ter regulating the government of the provinci^ of the Mas-
sachusetts-Bay, in New-England.
" WHEREAS the province of the Massachusetts-Bay had for
many years been governed under a charter, granted by their
late Majesties King William and Queen Mary: And whereas
an act, passed in the fourteenth year of his present Majesty's
reign, intituled. An Act for the better regulating the govern-
ment of the province of the Massachusetts-Bay, in New-
England, has been found to create great uneasines.5es in the
minds of the inhabitants of the said province, and has occas-
ioned jealousies and apprehensions of danger to th:ir liberties
and rights in several other of the colonies and plantations in
North-America: For quietmg and extinguishing sueh uneasi-
nesses and apprehensions, be it enacted by the King's most ex-
cellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of th.^
Lord's spiritual and temporal, and Commons, in this present
Parliament assemble;!, and by the authority of the same. That,
from and after the passing of this act, the said act, of the
fourteenth year of the i eign of his present Majesty, be, and the
same is hereby repealed."
" An Act for removing all doubts and apprehensions conce"ning
taxation by the Parliament of Great-Britain in any of the
colonies, provinces, and plantations in North-America, and
the West-Indies; and for repealing so much of an Act, made
in the seventh year of the reign of his present Majesty, as
imposes a duty on tea imported from Great-Britain into any
colony or plantation in America, or relates thereto.
"WHEREAS taxation by the Parliament of Great-Britain,
for the purpose of raising a revenue in his Alajesy's colonics,
588 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
provinces, and plantations, in North-Am?rica, has been found
by experience to occasion great uneasiness and disorders
among bis Majestj''s faithful subjects, who may nevertheless
be disposed to acknowledge the justice of contributing to th^i
common defence of the empire, provided such contribution
should be raised under the authority of the General Court, or
General Assembly, of each respective colony, province, or plan-
tation: And whereas, in order as well to remove the said
uneasinesses, and to quiet the minds of his Majesty's subjects
who may be disposed to return to their allegiance, as to restore
the peace and welfare of all his Majesty's dominions, it is
expedient to declare that the King and Parliament of Great-
Britain will not impose any duty, tax, or assessment, for the
purpose of raising a revenue in any of the colonies, provinces,
or plantations: May it please your Majesty that it may be
declared and enacted; anil it is hereby declared and enacted by
the King's most excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and
consent of the Lords spiritual and temporal, and Commons, in
this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the
same. That, from and after the passing of this act, the King
and Parliament of Great-Britain will not impose any duty, (tax,
or assessment whatever, payable in any of his Majesty's colo-
nies, provinces, and plantations, in North-America, or the
fWest-Indies; except only such duties as it may be expedient to
impose for the regulation of commerce; the net produce of
such duties to be always paid and applied to and for the use
of the colony, province, or plantation, in which the same shall
be respectively levied, in such manner as other duties collected
by the authority of the respective General Courts, or General
Assemblies, of such colonies, provinces, or plantations, are
ordinarily paid and applied.
" And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid. That,
from and after the passing of this act, so much of an act, made
In the seventh year of his present Majesty's reign, intituled.
An Act for granting certain duties in the British colonies and
plantations in America; for allowing a drawback of the duties
of customs upon the exportation from this kingdom of coffe?
and cocoa nuts of the produce of the said colonies or planta-
tions; for discontinuing the drawbacks payable on China
earthen ware exported to America; and for more effectually
preventing the clandestine running of goods in the said colo-
nies and plantations; as imposes a duty on tea imported from
Great-Britain into any colony or plantation in America, or
has relation to the said duty, be, and the same is hereby re-
pealed."
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 589
" An Act to enable his Majesty to appoint Conimissione:s with
sufficient powers to treat, consult, and agree upon the means
of quieting the disorders now subsisting in certain of the
colonies, plantations, and provinces of North-America.
" FOR the quieting and extinguishing of divers jealousies
and misapprehensions of danger to their liberties and legal
rights, which have misled many of his Majesty's subjects in the
colonies, provinces, and plantations of New-Hampshire, Mas-
sachusetts-Bay, Rhode-Island, Connecticut, New-York, New-
Jersey, Pennsylvania, the Three Lower Counties on Delaware,
Maryland, Virginia, North-Carolina, South-Carolina, and
Georgia; and for a full manifestation of the just and gracious
purposes of his Majesty, and his Parliament, to maintain and
secure all his subjects in a clear and perfect enjoyment of such
liberties and rights; be it enacted by the King's most excellent
Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords
spiritual and temporal, and Commons, in this present Parlia-
ment assembled, and by the authority of the same, that it shall
and may be lawful for his Majesty, from time to time, by let-
ters patent under the great seal of Great-Britain, to authorize
and impower five able and sufficient persons, or any three of
them, to treat, consult, and agree with such body or bodies
political and corporate, or with such assembly or assemblies of
men, or with any person or persons whatsoever, of and con-
cerning any grievances, oi complaints of grievanc-s, existing,
or supposed to exist, in the government of any of the said
colonies, provinces, or plantations respectively, or in the laws
and statutes of this realm respecting the same; and of or con-
cerning any aid or contribution to be furnished by all or any
of the said colonies, provinces, or plantations respectively, for
the common defence of this realm, and the dominions there-
unto belonging; and of and concerning any other regulations,
provisions, matters, and things, necessary or convenient for
the honor of his Maj3Sty, and his Parliament, and fior the
common good of all his subjects.
"Provided also, and be it further enacted and declared. That,
no regulation, provision, matter, or thing, so proposed, treated,
consulted, or agreed, shall have any other force or effect, or be
carried further into execution, than is herein after mentioned
and provided, until the same shall have been confirmed by
Parliament.
"Provided also, and be it further enacted by the authority
aforesaid. That in order to facilitate the good purposes of this
act, his Majesty may lawfully enable the said commissioners.
590 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
or any three of them, from time to time, to order and proclaim
a cessation of hostilities, on the part of his Majesty's forces,
by sea or land, for any time, and under any conditions or re-
strictions; and such order and proclamation to revoke and
annul in the same manner and form.
"And be it further enacted, That it shall and may be lawful
for h.s Majesty, by such letters patent as aforesaid, to authorise
and impower the said Commissioners, or any three of them,
by proclamation under their respective hands and seals, from
time to time, to suspend the operation and effect of a certain
act of Parliament, made and passed in the sixteenth year of
the reign of his present Majesty, for prohibiting all trade and
intercourse with certain colonies and plantations therein
named, and for the other purposes therein also mentioned, or
any of the provisions or restrictions therein contained; specify-
ing In such proclamation at what times and places respect-
ively, and with what exceptions and restrictions, and under
what passes and clearances, in Leu of those heretofore directed
by any act or acts of Parliament for regulating the trade of
the colonies or plantations, the said suspension shall take
effect; and the said suspension and proclamation, in the same
manner and form, to annul and revoke.
"And be It further enacted by the authority aforesaid. That
it shall and may be lawful for his Majesty, by such letteis
patent as aforesaid, to authorize and impower the said Com-
mssioners, or any three of them, to suspend in any places, and
for any times during the continuance of this act, the operation
and effect of any act or acts of Parliament which have passed
since the tenth day of February, One thousand seven hundred
and sixty-three, and which relate to any of his Majesty's said
colonies, provinces, O! plantations, in North-America, so far
as the same does relate to them; or the operation and effect of
any clause, or any provision or matter there n contained, so
far asfsuch clauses, provisions or matters relate to any of the
said colonies, provinces, or plantations.
"And It is hereby enacted by the authority aforesaid. That
it shall and may be lawful *or his Majesty, by such letters
patent as aforesaid, to authorise and impower the said Com-
missioners, or any three of them, and th-^y are hereby au-
thorised and impowered, to grant a pardon or pardons to any
number or description of persons within the said colonies, pro-
vinces, or plantations.
"And, that no let or hindrance may happen from the vacancy
of the office of governor and commander in chief in any of the
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 591
said colonies, provinces or plantations respectively, or from the
absence of such officer from h's government, Be it further en-
acted by the autliorlty aforesaid, That it shall and may b-
lawful for his Majesty, by such letters patent as aforesaiJ, to
authorise and impower the said Commissioners, cr any three
of them, in any of the said colonies, provinces or plantations
respectively, wherein his Majesty hath usually heretofore
nominated and appointed a governor, to nominate and appoint,
from time to time, by any instrument under their hands and seal
Beal3,aproperpersontobe the governor and commander in chief
â– in and for any such colony, province, or plantati;n; to have,
hold, and exercise the said office of governor and commander
in chief in and for such colony or plantation respectively, with
all such powers and authorities as any governor of such pro-
vince heretofore appointed by his Majesty might or could have
exercised, in as full and ample manner and form as if such
governor and commandei in chief had been nominated and ap-
pointed by his Majesty's letters patent or commission; and for
that purpose, if need be, to revoke, annul, and make void, any
commission or letters patent heretofore granted for appointing
any such governor and commander in chief.
"And be it further enacted. That this act shall continue to
be in force until the first day of June, One thousand seven
hundred and seventy-nine."
To which the following answers were returned:
York-Town, June 6, 1778.
MT LORD,
" I HAVE had the honor of laying your Lordship's letter of
the 27th of May, with the acts of the British Parliament in-
closed, before Congress; and I am instructed to acquaint your
Lordship, that they have already expressed their sentiments
upon bills, not essentially different from those acts, in a publi-
cation of the 22d of April last.
"Your Lordship may be assured, that when the King of
Great-Britain shall be seriously disposed to put an end to the
unprovoked and cruel war waged against these United States,
Congress will readily attend to such terms of peace as may
consist with the honor of independent nations, the interest of
their constituents,, and the sacred regard they mean to pay to
treaties. I am, my Lord, with iiU due consideration,
Your Lordship's most obedient servant.
Lord Howe. HENRY IvAURENS.
President of Congress."
592 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
York-Town, June 6, 1778.
SIR,
"I HAVE had the honor of laying your letter of the 3d in-
stant, with the acts of the British Parliament wh:ch came in-
closed, before Congress; and 1 am instructed to acquaint you,
Sir, that they have already expressed their sentiments upon
bills, not essentially diff>;rent from those acts, in a publication
of the 22d of April last.
"Be assured, Sir, when the King of Great-Brita'n shall be
seriously disposed to put an end to the unprovoked and cruel
war waged against these United States, Congress will readily
atcend to such terms of peace as may consist with the honor
of independent nations, the interest of their constituents, and
the sacred regard they mean to pay to treaties. I have the
honor to be. Sir,
Your most obedient, and
Most humble se'vant,
HENRY LAURENS,
President of Congress."
'His Excellency
Sir Henry Clinton, K. B. Philad.
On the 13th of June a letter of the 9th was received from
Lord Carlisle, William Eden, and George Johnstone, esquires,
with copies of the three acts above mentioned, and of a com-
mission from the King of Great Britain to the Earle of Carlisle,
Lord Viscount Howe, Sir William Howe, or in his absence Sir
Henry Clinton, William Eden, and George Johnstone; the letter
was as follows:
" GENTLEMEN,
" WITH an earnest desire to stop the further effusion of
blood and the calamities of war, we communicate to you, with
the least possible delay after our arrival in this city, a copy of
the commission with wh ch his Majesty is pleased to honor us,
as also the acts of Parliament on which it is founded. And,
at the same time that we assure you of our most earnest desire
to re-establish, on the basis of equal freedom and mutual
safety, the tranquillity of this once happy empire, you will ob-
se"ve that we are vested with powers equal to the purpose, and
such as are even unprecedented in the annals of our history.
"In the pres-nt state of our affa rs, though fraught with sub-
jects of mutual regret, all parties may draw some degree of
consolation, and even auspicious hope, from the recollection
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 593
that cordial reconciliation and affection have, in our own and
other empires, succeeded to contentions and temporary divis-
ions not less violent than those we now experience.
"We wish not to recall srbjects which are now no longer in
controversy, and will reserve to a proper time of discussion,
both the hopes of mutual benefit, and the consideration of evils,
that may naturally contribute to determine your resolutions,
as well as our own, on this important occasion.
"The acts of Parliament which we transmit to you having
passed with singular unanimity, will sufficiently evince the
disposition of Great-Britain, and shew that the terms of agree-
ment in contemplation with his Majesty and with Parliament
are such as come up to every wish that North-America, either
in the hour of temperate deliberation or of the utmost appre-
hension of danger to 1 berty, has expressed.
"More effectually to demonstrate our good intentions, we
think proper to declare, even in this our first communication,
that we are disposed to concur in every satisfactory and just
arrangement towards the following among other purposes:
"To consent to a cessation of hostilities, both by sea and
land.
"To restore free intercourse, to revive mutual affection, and
renew the common benefits of natural. zation, through the
several parts of this empire.
"To extend every freedom to trade that our respective inter-
ests can require.
"To agree that no military forces shall be kept up in the
different states of North-America, without the consent of the
general Congress or particular Assemblies.
"To concur in measures calculated to discharge the debts of
America, and to raise the credit and value of the paper circula-
tion.
"To perpetuate our union by a reciprocal deputation of an
agent or agents from the different States, who shall have the
privilege of a seat and voice in the Parliament of Great-
Britain; or, if sent from Britain, in that case to have a seat
and voice in the Assemblies of the different States to which
they may be deputed respectively, in order to attend the several
interests of those by whom they are deputed.
"In sho-t, to establish the power of the respective legislatures
38-7-3d Ser.
594 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
in each partxular State, to settle its revenue, its civil and
military establishment, and to exercise a perfect freedom of
legislation and internal government, so that the British States
throughout North-America, acting with us in peace and war
under one common sovereign, may have the irrevocable en-
joyment of every privilege, that is short of a total separation
of interests, or consistent with that union of force, on which
the safety of our common religion and liberty depends.
"In our anxiety for preserving those sacred and essential in-
terests, we cannot help taking notice of the insidious interposi-
tion of a power, which has, from the first settlement of these
colonies, been actuated with enmity to us both. And notwith-
standing the pretended date or present form of the French
offers to North-America, yet it is notorious that these were
made in consequence of the plans of accommodation previously
concerted in Great-Britain, and with a view to prevent our
reconciliation, and to prolong this destructive war.
"But we trust that the inhabitants of North-America, con-
nected with us by the nearest ties of consanguinity, speaking
the same language, interested in the preservation of similar
institutions, remembering the former happy intercourse of
good offices, and f&rgetting recent animosities, will shrink
from the thought of becoming an accession of force to our late
mutual enemy, and will prefer a firm, a free and perpetual
coalition with the parent state, to an insincere and unnatural
foreign alliance.
"This dispatch will be delivered to you by Doctor Ferguson,
the Secretary to his Majesty's Commission. And for further
explanation and discussion of every subject of difference, we
desire to meet with you, either collectively or by deputation, at
New-York, Philadelphia, York-Town, or such other place as
you may propose. We think it right, however to apprize you,
that his Majesty's instructions, as well as our own desire to re-
move from the immediate seat of war, in the active operations
of which we cannot take any part, may induce us speedily to
remove to New-York: But the Commander in Chief of his
Majesty's land forces, who is joined with us in this commission,
will, if it should become eligible, either concur with us in a
suspension of hostilities, or will furnish all necessary passports
and safe conduct to facilitate our meeting, and we shall of
course expect the same of you.
"If, after the time that may be necessary to consider this
communication and transmit your answer, the horrors and de-
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 595
vastations of war should continue, we call God and the world
to witness, that the evils which must follow, are not to be im-
puted to Great-Britain: And we cannot, without the most
real sorrow, anticipate the prospect of calamities, which we
feel the most ardent desire to prevent. We are, with perfect
respect,
Gentlemen,
Your most obedient and most humble servants,
oarij:sle,
Philadelphia, WM. EDEN,
9th June, 1778. GEO. JOHNSTONE."
To his Excellency HENRY LAURENS, the President, and
other Members of Congress.
GENTLEMEN,
" THE dispatch inclosed with this was carried this morning
to the nearest post of General Washington's army by Doctor
Ferguson, Secretary to his Majesty's Commision for restoring
peace, &c. but he not finding a passport, has returned to this
place. In order to avoid every unnecessary delay, we now
again send it by the ordinary conveyance of your military
posts. As soon as the passport arrives. Doctor Ferguson shall
wait upon you according to our first arrangement. We are,
with perfect respect, Gentlemen,
Your most obedient and most humble servants,
CARLISLE,
Philad. June 1788. WM. EDEN.
GEO. JOHNSTONE."
The Commission was as follows:
" GEORGE the Third, by the grace of God, of Great-Britain,
France and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, &c.
" To our right trusty and right well-beloved cousin and coun-
sellor Frederick Earl of Carlisle, Knight of the most antient
Order of the Thistle; our right trusty and well-beloved cou-
sin and counsellor Richard Lord Viscount Howe, of our king-
dom of Ireland; our trusty and well beloved Sir William
Howe, Knight of the most honorable Order of the Bath,
Lieutenant-General of our forces, General and Commander
in Chief of all and singular our forces employed, or to be
employed within our colonies in North-America, lying upon
the Atlantic ocean, from Nova Scotia on the North to West-
Floida en the South, both inclusive; William Eden, Esq;
one of our Commissioners for trade and plantations; and
George Johnstone, Esq- Captain in our royal navy,
GREETING:
5Dti OBSERVATIONS ON THE
" WHEREAS, in and by our commission and letters patent,
under our great seal of Great-Britain, bearing date on or about
the 6th day of May, in the 16th year of our reign, we did, out
of our earnest desire to deliver all our subjects and every part
of the dominions belonging to our crown from the calamities
of war, and to restore them to our protection and peace, nomi-
nate and appoint our right trusty and well beloved cousin and
counsellor Richard Lord Viscount Howe, of our kingdom of
Ireland, and our trusty and well beloved William Howe, Esq;
now Sir William Howe, Knight of the Bath, Major General of
ouf forces, and General of our forces in North-America only,
and each of them, jointly and severally, to be our Commis-
sioner and Commissioners in that behalf, to so perform and
execute all the powers and authorities in and by the said com-
mission and letters patent entrusted and committed to them,
and each of them, according to the tenor of such letters patent,
and of such further instructions as they should from time to
lime receive under our signet or sign manual, to have, hold,
execute and enjoy the said oflace and place, offices and places,
of our Commissioner and Commissioners, as therein mentioned,
with all rights, members and appurtenances thereunto belong-
ing, together with all and singular the powers and authorities
thereby granted unto them, the said Lrord Viscount Howe and
General William Howe, and each of them, for and during our
will and pleasure and no longer, in such manner and form, as
in and by our said recited commission and letters patent, rela-
tion being thereunto had, may, among divers other things
therein contained, more fully and at large appear. And where-
as, for the quieting and extinguishing of divers jealousies and
apprehensions of danger to their liberties and rights, which
have alarmed many of our subjects in the colonies, provinces
and plantations of New-Hampshire, Massachusetts-Bay, Rhode-
Island, Connecticut, New-York, New-Jersey, Pennsylvania,
with the three Lower Counties on Delaware, Maryland, Vir-
ginia, North-Carolina, South-Carolina, and Georgia, and for a
fuller manifestation of our just and gracious purp-ses and
those of our Parliament, to maintain and secure all our subjects
in the clear and perfect enjoyment of their liberties and rights,
it is, in and by a certain act made and passed in this present
sessions of Parliament, intiiuled, "An Act to enable his Majesty
to appoint Commissioners, with sufficient powers to treat, con-
sult and agree upon the means of quieting the disorders now
subsisting in certain of the colonies, plantations and provinces
of North-America," among other things enacted, that it shall
and may be lawful for his Majesty, from time to time, by let-
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 597
ters patent under the great seal of Great-Britain, to authorise
and empower five able and sufiic'ent persons, or any three of
them, to do and perform such acts and things, and to use and
execute such authorities and powers as in the said act are for
that purpose mentioned, provided and created. And whereas
we are earnestly desirous to carry into full and perfect execu-
tion the several just and gracious purposes abovementioned;
Now know ye, That we have revoked and determined, and by
these presents do revoke and determine our said recited com-
mission and letters patent, and all and every power, authority,
clause, article and thing therein contained. And further know
ye, That we, reposing especial trust and confidence in your
wisdom, loyalty, diligence and circumspection in the manage-
ment of the affairs to be hereby committed to your charg?, have
nominated and appointed, constituted and assigned, and by
these presents we do nominate, appoint, constitute and assign
you, the said Frederick Earl of Carlisle, Richard Viscount
Howe, Sir William Howe, William Eden, and George John-
stone, or any three of you, to be our iCk)mmissioners in that
behalf, to use and exercise all and every the powers and au-
thorities hereby entrusted and committed to you, the said
Frederick Earl of Carlisle, Richard Viscount Howe, Sir William
Howe, William Eden, George Johnstone, or any three of you,
and to so perform and execute all other matters and things
hereby enjoined and committed to your care, during our will
and pleasure, and no longer, according to the tenor of these our
letters patent, and of such further instructions as you shall
from time to time receive under our signet or sign manual.
And it is our royal will and pleasure, and we do hereby au-
thorise, empower and require you, the said iFYederick Earl of
Carlisle, Richard Viscount Howe, Sir William Howe, William
Eden, George Johnstone, or any three of you, to treat, consult
and agree with such body or bodies politic and coporate, or
•with such assembly or assemblies of men, or with such person
or persons as you, the said Frederick Earl of Carlisle, Richard
Viscount Howe, Sir William Howe, William Eden, Geo'ge
Johnstone, or any three of you, shall think meet and sufiicient
for that purpose, of and concerning any grievances, or com-
plaints of grievances, existing, or supposed to exist, in the
government of any of the colonies, provinces or plantations
aboved mentioned respectively, or in the laws and statutes of
this realm, respecting them or any of them, or of and concern-
ing any aids or contributions to be furnished by any of th^
said colonies, provinces or plantations respectively, for the
common defence of this realm, and the dominions thereunto
598 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
belonging; and of and concerning any other regulations, pro-
visions, matters and things, necessary or convenient for the
honor of us and our Parliament, and for the common good of
all our subjects. And it is our further will and pleasure, That
every regulation, provision, matter or th'ng, which shall have
been agreed upon between you. the said Frederick Earl of Car-
lisle, Richard Viscount Howe, Sir William Howe, William
Eden, George Johnstone, or any three of you, and such persons
or bodies politic as aforesaid, whom you or any three of you
shall have judged meet and sufficient to enter into such agree-
ment, shall be fully and distinctly set forth in writing, and
authent.cated by the hands and seals of you, or any three of
you, on one side, and by such seals and other signature on •'.he
other, as the occason may require, and as may be suitable to
the character and authority of the body politic, or other person
so agreeing; and such instruments so authenticated shall be by
you, or any three of you, transmitted to one of our principal
Secretaries of State, in order to be laid before our Parliament,
for the further and more perfect ratification thereof; and until
such ratification, no such regulation, provision, matter or thing,
shall have any other force or effect, or be carried further into
execution than is hereafter mentioned. And we do hereby
further authorise and empower you, the said Frederick Earl
of Carlisle. Richard Viscount Howe, Sir William Howe, Wil-
liam Eden, and George Johnstone, or any three of you, from
time to time, as you, or any three of you, shall judge conven-
ient, to order and proclaim a cessation of hostilities on the
part of our forces by sea or land, for such time and under such
conditions, restrictions or other qualifications, as in your dis-
cretions shall be thought requisite, and such order and procla-
mation to revoke and annul in the same manner and form.
And it is our further will and pleasure, and we do hereby re-
quire and command all our officers and ministers, civil and
military, and all other our loving subjects whatsoever, to
observe and obey all such proclamations respectively. And
we do hereby, in further pursuance of the said act of Parlia-
ment, and of the provisions therein contained, authorise and
empower you, the said Frederick Earl of Carlisle, Richard Vis-
count Howe, Sir William Howe, W. Eden, and George John-
stone, or any three of you. by proclamation under your respec-
tive hands and seals, from time to time, as you shall see con-
venient to suspend the operation and effect of a certain act
of Parliament, made and passed in the 16th year of our reign,
for prohibiting all trade and intercourse with certain colonies
and plantations therein named, and for the other purposes
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 599
the.ein also ment oned, or any of the provisions or restrictions
therein contained, and therein to specify at what time and
places respectively, and with what exceptions and restrictions,
and under what passes and clearances, in lieu of those hereto-
fore directed by any act or acts of Parliament for regulating
the trade of the colonies and plantations, the said suspen-
s on shall take effect, and the said suspension and proclama-
tion in the same manner and form to annul and revoke. And
we do hereby further authorize and empower you, the said
Frederick Earl of Carlisle, Richard Viscount Howe, Sir Wil-
liam Howe, William Eden, and George Johnstone, or any three
of you, from time to time, as you shall judge convenient, to
suspend in any places, and for any time during the continu-
ance of the said first recited act, the operation and effect of any
act or acts of Parliament, which have passed since the 10th
day of February, 1763, and which relate to any of our colonies,
provinces or plantations above-mentioned in North-America,
so far as the same relate to them, or any of them, or the opera-
tion and effect of any clause, or any provision or other matter
in such acts contained, so far as such clauses, provisions or
matters relate to any of the said colonies, provinces or plan-
tations. And we do hereby further authorise and empower
you, the said Frederick Earl of Carlisle, Richard Viscount
Howe, Sir William Howe, William Eden, and George John-
stone, or any three of you, to grant a pardon or pardons to any
number or description of pe'sons within the said colonies,
provinces or plantations. And we do hereby further authorise
and empower you, the said Frederick Earl of Carlisle, Richard
Viscount Howe, Sir William Howe, William Eden, and George
Johnstone, or any three of you, in any of our colonies,
provinces or plantations aforesaid respectively, wherein we
have usually heretofore nominated and appointed a Governor,
to nominate and appoint, from time to time, by any instrument
under your hands and seals, or the hands and seals of any
three of you, a proper person, to be the Governor and Com-
mander in Chief in and for such colony, province or plantation
respectively, to have, hold and exercise the said office of Gover-
nor and Commander in Chief, in and for such colony, province
or plantat on respectively, with all such powers and authori-
ties as any Governor of such province, heretofore appointed by
us, might or could have exercised, in as full and ample manner
and form as if sucli Governor and Commander in Chief had
been nominated and appointed by our letters patent or commis-
sion; and for that purpose, if need be, to revoke, annul and
make void any commission or letters patent heretofore granted.
600 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
for appoint'ng any such Governor and Commander in Chief.
Whereas, by certain letters patent under our great s;al, bear-
ing date on the 29th day of April, in the 16th year of our reign,
we have constituted and appointed you, the said Sir William
Howe, to be General and Commander in Chief of all and singu-
lar our forces employed, or to be employed, within our colonies
in North-America, lying upon the Atlantic ocean, from Nova-
Scotia on the north, to West-Florida on the south, both in-
clusive, to have, hold, exercise and enjoy the said ofRce'during
our will and pleasure; and in case you, the said Sir William
Howe, should, by death or any other manner, be disabled from
exercising the said command, it was our will and pleasure,
therein expressed, that the same, with all authorities, rights
and privileges, contained in that our said commission, should
devolve on such officer, bearing our commission, as should be
next in rank to you, the said S i William Howe. And whereas
our trusty and well-beloved Sir Henry Clinton, Knight of the
most honorable Order of the Bath, Lieutenant General of our
forces, and General of our forces in our army in America only,
now actually bears our commission, and is next in rank to
you, the said Sir William Howe: Know it is our further will
and pleasure, and we do hereby ordain and appoint, that when-
ever the said command in the said letters patent mentioned
shall, in pursuance thereof, devolve upon the said Sir Henry
Clinton, all and every the powers and authorities hereby en-
trusted and committed to you, the said Sir William Howe, shall
forthwith cease and determine, and the said powers and au-
thorities, and every of them, shall from thenceforth be en-
trusted and committed, and are hereby entrusted and com-
mitted to the said Sir Henry Clinton, to use and exercise the
same powers and authorities, and to perform and execute all
other the matters and things as aforesaid, in as full and ample
extent and form, and no other, as you, the said Sir William
Howe, are hereby authorized to use and exercise, do, perform
and execute the same. And we do hereby require and com-
mand all the officers, civil and military, and all other our lov-
ing subjects whatsoever, to be aiding and assisting unto you,
the said Frederick Earl of Carlisle, Richard Viscount Howe,
Sir William Howe, William Eden, and George Johnstone, in the
execution of this our commission, and of the powers and
authorities herein contained. Provided always, and we do
hereby declare and ordain, that the several offices, powers and
authorities hereby granted shall cease, determine and become
utterly null and void on the 1st day of June, which shall be in
the year of our Lord 1779, although we shall not otherwise in
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 601
the mean time have revoked and determined the same. In
Witness whereof, we have caused these our letters to be made
patent. "Witness ourself, at Westminster, the 13th day AprJl,
in the 18th year of our reign.
By the KING himself.
A true Copy, YORKE.
ADAM FERGUSON, Secretary."
To this letter the following answer was unanimously given
upon the 17th of June:
"To their Excellencies the R'ght Honorable the Earl of CAR-
LISLE. WILLIAM EDEN, Esq; GEORGE JOHNSTONE,
Esq; Commissioners from his Britannic Majesty, Philadel-
phia.
"I have received the letter from your Excellencies of the 9th
instant, with the enclosures, and laid them before Congress.
Nothing but an earnest desire to spare the farther effusion of
human blooJ could have induced them to read a paper, con-
taining expressions so disrespectful to his Most Christian
Majesty, the good and great ally of these States; or to consider
propositions so derogatory to the honor of an independent na-
tion.
"The acts of the British Parliament, the commission from
your sovereign, and your letter, suppose the people of these
States to be subjects of the crown of Great-Britain, and are
founded on the idea of dependence, which is utterly inad-
missible.
"I am further directed to inform your Excellencies, that
Congress are inclined to peace, notwithstanding the unjust
claims from which this war originated, and the savage manner
in which it hath b=en conducted. They w.ll therefore be ready
to enter upon the consideration of a treaty of peace and com-
merce, not inconsistent with treaties already subsisting, when
the King of Great-Britain shall demonstrate a sincere disposi-
tion for that purpose. The only solid proof of this d sposition
will be, an explicit acknowledgment of the independence of
these States, or the withdrawing his fleets and armies.
I have the honor to be
Your Excellencie.T most obedient and humble servant,
Signel, by order of the unanimous voice of Congress,
HENRY LAURENS. President.
York-Town. June 17, 1778."
602 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
On this occasion it is to be observed, that a circumstance
had intervened between the resolutions of the 22d of April and
the receipt of the letter from the Commissioners. This was
the arrival of the copies of treaties entered into with his Most
Christian Majesty, which was the first intelligence which had
been received from 'Europe in the space of a year. The resolu-
tions of the House therefore on the 22d of April were founded
simply on the firm determination under no change of fortune
whatever to recede from the declaration of independence in
July, 1776, and for this reason, as a preliminary to any treaty,
it was required that Great-Britain should either acknowledge
our independence or withdraw her fleets and armies, because
upon no other principle could America be said to possess that
degree of equality and Ireedom which is essential to the
validity of national compacts. The treaty with France being
out of the question, had these preliminaries been complied
with, we should have been bound in honor, as we certainly
were by inclination and the principles of humanity, to enter
upon a conference for tht purpose of sheathing the sword of
civil war. But since by that treaty the United States could not
upon a certain contingency make either peace or truce without
the consent of her ally, it became necessary to provide that
any treaties to be made should not be inconsistent with treaties
already subsisting.
As to the conditions or terms offered by the Commissioners
it must be observed, that the first is "to extend every freedom
"to trade that our respective interests can require." A proposi-
tion which, from the very nature of things, is impracticable, or
if practicable, is on their part a reason why reconciliation is
unnecessary; for certainly if these interests are compatible,
they may be regulated by treaty, nay they would regulate
themselves. Individuals would consult their private interests,
and national interest is nothing more than the aggregate of
the particular advantage resulting to the subjects of a state
from their private industry and discernment. But the interest
of America requires that she should trade freely to every part
of the earth, while on the other hand it is the interest of Great-
Britain to confine our commerce to the ports of her own
island. Nothing then could be more insidious than this offer;
for the independence of America being given up, the British
parliament must necessarily have become supreme, "at least an
matters which were heretofore considered as external to
America. Of consequence they alone would have been judges
of our respective interests, and in cases where these were op-
posed, we may easily determine their judgment.
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 603
The next offer is, that "no military force should be kept
"up in America without the consent of Congress or the par-
"ticular Assemblies." To which every objection lies: For, 1st.
supposing them to abide literally by such agreement, we lay
open to all the arts of seduction, which long and successful
practice could teach them to make use of against both the
one and the other. 2dly. On any occasion, which either the
existence or apprehension of a fore.gn war might give rise to,
this consent would naturally flow from a regard to immediate
safety, and be afterwards used for our certain destruction.
But, 3dly. on this, as well as every other proposition they
either did or could make, it is to be observed that in the first
instance the parliament might dissent immediately and take
an opportunity to crush all opposition, while we were at once
disarmed at home and disgraced for our perfiiy abroad. And,
4thly. Should the moment be so unfavorable, or they so honest
as not to make the attempt, any future parliament would be
in legal capacity to disannul an agreement whose validity was
derived from the former sanction of the same legislature; so
that dur.ng all the possible events, which time might give birth
to, we should have been exposed to their attempts, whilst
laboring under a weight of debt. an:l sore from the wounds of
our obstinate contest.
The third offer is, "to concur in measures calculated to dis-
"charge the debts of America, and to raise the credit and
"value of the paper circulation." On which it is to be observed,
that as our debt consisted of this paper circulation, so any
measures to discharge it, that is to sink a part, must raise the
value of the remainder. Now for this purpose taxation was
alone necessary, and indeed the only step which either they or
we could take for that purpose: Their generous offer therefore
was nothing more than to concur in taxing us to pay our own
debts. In return for this, however, we were to be united with
them, and consequently become security for payment of their
debts, which are enormous. The following short calculation
is worthy of attention: 120,000,000 of dollars, at seven shillings
and six-pence per dollar, is £45,000,000, and exchange being at
1000 per cent, which is the present rate, this sum is worth
£4,500.000 sterling only. But at all events the present debt of
America ought not to be estimated at above £10,000,OOJ sterling.
Their offer then stands thus, if you will stand security for
and eventually pay your part of £150,000.000 sterling which we
owe, we will consent to your taxing yourselves to pay £10,-
000,000 sterlirg, which you owe. To comm.ent on an offer of
this kind would be absurd.
604 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
The fourth offer is. "to perpetuate our union by a reciprocal
"deputation of an agent or agents from the different statis,
"who shall have the privilege of a seat and voice in the parlia-
"ment of Great-Britain, or if sent from Britain, in that case
"to have a seat and voice in the assemblies of the different
"states, to which they may be deputed respectively, in order to
"attend to the several interests of those by whom they are
"deputed." Or, in other words, to perpetuate our slavery, by
taking from us, on the one hand, the objection against their
tyrannous acts, that we were not represented in the legislature
which passed them, though in fact such representation would
be merely illusory and ineffectual. And on the other, by send-
ing ministerial agents, artful, plausible and wicked, to influ-
ence the debates cf our legislatures, and give a voice among
the immediate representatives of the people on matters even
of the most internal nature. No greater insult was ever offered
to the common sense of mankind. Had the proposal, particu-
larly the latter part of it, been made before the commencement
of the contest, it was sufficient in itself to have roused us to
arms. If accepted and executed, in all the states it must have
been pernicious, but in those called royal governments, would
have stood thus: A legislature consisting of three branches,
1st. A governor appointed by the king during pleasure. 2dly.
A council appointed by the king during pleasure. 3dly. An
assembly partly appointed by the king and partly by the peo-
ple, but all holding their seats during the king's pleasure—
The laws passed by this legislature to be of no validity without
the king's consent— A representative to be appointed by this
legislature, to sit in a house of commons, consisting of more
than five hundred members, and thereby to validate any law,
which they might pass to bind the people of that state. If this
be compared with "the freedom they profer to extend to trade,"
some faint idea may be formed of the meditated system.
The last offer is, "to establish the power of the respective
"legislatures in each particular state, to settle its revenue, its
"civil and military establishment, and to exercise a perfect
"freedom of legislation and internal government, so that the
"British states throughout North-America, acting with us in
"peace and war under one common sovereign, may have the ir-
"revocable enjoyment of every privilege that is short of a total
"separation of interests, or consistent with that union of force
"on which the safety of our common religion and liberty de-
"pends." The first part of this is ridiculous, since all the states
have taken some forms of government, the legislatures of
which are obeyed, and consequently their power established
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 605
already; the object therefore, taking it in comparison with
what goes before, is to overturn the free legislatures already
established, and in tieir stead to institute the base and slav.sh
mixture contained in the third offer. The second part serves
to shew more clea:ly i'.f possible) the insidious nature of their
commission; for from this it appears, that the object of revenue
is by no means given up, nor the design of keeping a military
force in America relinquished. The third part is nugatory, for
having before marked out the kind of legislature to be estab-
lished, even the unrestrained acts of it would not pove the
freedom of the people, but rather their slavery, and yet it is
clear that however free they might be to pass laws, there would
have been a superior power in legal capacity to repeal them.
From all this however they deduce, as a consequence, that
should we accede to their propositions, we should have the ir-
revocable enjoyment of every privilege that is short of a total
separation of interests, or consistent with that union of force,
&c. But this conclusion by no means follows from the pre-
mises; on the contrary it is evident, that we should enjoy no
one privilege, and have the irrevocable enjoyment of no one
thing, unless it be supposed that to repent is to enjoy.
For the sake of this sophistical system however we were to
covenant, that we would act with them in peace and in war.
The consequence of which would have been, that we must
have contracted new debts, to promote their interested views,
before we had paid the sums expended for our own defence,
and have lavished the best blood of America, to gratify the
pride, pique, avarice, ambition, or revenge of a haughty despot,
deaf to the prayers of supplicative millions, and dead to the
feelings of justice or humanity. One fact however they in-
directly admit, that their safety depends upon an union of
force with us. The necessary consequence is. that, notwith-
standing their pretended superiority, they must not only make
peace with us, but it must be on our own terms, provided the
people of America are sensible of their true interests, and the
representatives of America have patience, firmness and discern-
ment to take proper advantage of their own situation and cir-
cumstances.
The concise answer which Congress had given to the British
Commissioners, placed them in a very disagreeable situation,
and therefore it became necessary for them to make some
efforts to get cut of it. For this purpose they sent a letter.
dated at New-York, the nth of July, 1778, which was received
and read in Congress the 18th, in the following words:
606 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
GENTLEMEN,
"WE received soon after our arrival at this place, your answer
to our letter of the 10th of June, and are sorry to find on your
part any difficulties raised which must prolong the calamities
of the present war.
"You propose to us as matter of choice one or other of two
alternatives, which you state as nreliminaries necessary even
to the beginning of a nepoclation for peace to this empire.
"One is an explicit acknowledgment of the Independence
of these States. We are not inclined to dispute with you about
the meaning of words: But so far as you mean the entire
privilege of the people of North America to dispose of their
property, and to gavern themselves without any reference to
Great-Britain, beyond what is necessary to preserve that union
of force, in which our mutual safety and advantage consist: We
think, that so far, their Independency is fully acknowledged
in the terms of our letter of the 10th of June. And we are
willing to enter upon a fair discussion with you, of all the cir-
cumstances that may be necessary to ensure or even to enlarge
that Independency.
"In the other alternative you propose, that his Majesty
should withdraw his fleets and his armies.
"Although we have no doubt of his Majesty's disposition to
remove every subject of uneasiness from the colonies, yet
there are circumstances of precaution against our ancient ene-
mies, which, joined to the regard that must be paid to the
safety of many, who, from affection to Great-Britain, have ex-
posed themselves to suffer in this contest, and, to whom Great-
Britain owes support at every expence of blood and treasure,
that will not allow us to begin with this measure. How soon
it may follow the first advances to peace on your part, will de-
pend on the favorable prospect you give of a reconciliation
with your fellow citizens of this Oontinent and with those in
Britain. In the mean time we assure you that no circum-
stances will give us more satisfaction, than to find that the
extent of our future connection is to be determined on prin-
ciples of mere reason and the considerations of mutual interest,
on which we are willing likewise to rest the permanency of
any arrangements we may form.
"In making these declarations we do not wait for the decis-
ion of any military events. Having determined our judgment
by what we believe to be the interests of our country, we shall
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 607
abide by the declarations we now make in every possible situa-
tion of our affairs.
"You refer to treaties already subsisting, but ar^? pleased to
with-hold from us any particular information in respect to
their nature or tendency.
"If they are in any degree to affect our delib-rations, we
think that you cannot refuse a full communication of the par-
ticulars in which they consist, both for our consideration and
and that of your own constituents, who are to judge between
us whether any alliance you may have contracted be a sufR-
cient reason for continuing this unnatural war. We likewise
think ourselves entitled to a full communication of the powers
by which you conceive yourselves authorised to make treaties
with foreign nations.
"And we are led to ask satisfaction on this point, because we
have observed in your proposed articles of confederation, No.
6 and 9, it is stated that you should have the power of entering
into treaties and alliances under certain restrictions therein
specified, yet we do not find promulgated any act or resolution
of the Assemblies of particular States conferring this power
on you.
"As we have communicated our powers to you, we mean to
proceed without reserve in this business; we will not suppose
that any objection can ari«e on your part to our communicating
to the public so much of your correspondence as may be neces-
sary to explain our own proceedings. At the same time we
assure you, that in all svch publications, the respect which we
pay to the great body of people you are supposed to represent,
shall be evidenced by us in every possible mark of considera-
tion and regard.
We are with perfect respect,
GENTLEMEN.
Your most obedient and most humble servants,
CARLISLE,
H. CLINTON,
WM. EDEN,
GEO. JOHNSTONE."
Upon which the Congress came to the following resolution:
"WHEREAS Congress in a letter to the British Commission-
ers of the 17th of June last, did declare that they would be
ready to enter upon the consideration of a treaty of peace and
commerce, not inconsistent with tr'^at'es already subsisting.
608 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
when the King of Great-Britain should demonstrate a sincere
disposition for that purpose; and that the only solid proof of
this disposition would be an explicit acknowledgement of the
Independence of these States, or withdrawing his fleets and
armies: And whereas, neither of these alternatives have been
complied with, therefore
"RESOLVED, That no answer be given to the letter of the
11th instant from the British Commissioners."
The proposal contained in the letter, to enlarge independ-
ence, is at the first blush absurd:— Any state, the dependence
of which could be lessened, 1= of consequence not independent.
The offer therefore s a mere jargon of wo'ds, and calculated,
as indeed the whole letter appears, for the people, and par-
ticularly for those whom they have thought proper to call our
fellow-clLizens of this continent, or, in other words, the traitors
who have joined the common enemy. But one of their great
objects was, if possible, to draw the Congress into some kind
of treaty or correspondence, in order that they might have
wherewithal to give weight to the calumnies they have pro-
pogated, by declaring to the French court that the Congress
were faithless, and indeed had actually bargained for the sub-
jection of America, the price of which was to be paid by these
Commissione s.
In consistence wi'h this plan, and, if possible, to obtain an
indirect acknowledgment of their authority, they, on the 26th
of August, 1778, made a requ sition of the troops of the con-
vention of Saratoga, in the following terms:
By the Earl of CARLISLE, Sir HENRY CLINTON, and
WILLIAM EDEN, Esq, three of his majesty's commissioners,
appointed with sufficient powers to treat, consult and agree
upon the means of quieting the disorders now subsisting in
certain of the colonies, plantations and provinces of North-
America.
"UPON a representation from the commander in chief of his
majesty's forces, that the troors lately serving under lieuten-
ant-general Burgoyne, notwithstanding the solemn convention
entered into at Saratoga, in which it is stipulat'^d that the said
troops should have a free passage to Great-Britain, are never-
theless, under various presences, still detaned in New-Eng-
land — The following remonstrance ag'iinst the unjust detention
of those troops, and requisition for their immediate rel-'ase, on
the condition annexed to the article by which their passage to
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 609
England is stipulated, are now solemnlj^ made to the American
Congress:
"WHEREAS th? means thai have b:en devised by mankind
mitigate the horrors of war, and to facilitate thj le-establish-
ment of peace, depend on the faith of cartels, military capitu-
lations, conv^nuo^s and iieaties entered into cv.n ^uiing the
continuance of hstihties. P'rom whence all nations have
agreed to observe such cjnv:nl.ions, as tr.ey revere th' sacred
obligaions o. humanity and ju.ti^?, and as they would avoid
the hoir d practice of retaliations, which, however justly due
to the guilty, in su.h cas-rs but loo f.equently fall on the in-
nocent.
"And whereas upon these canniderations all breac i of faith,
even with an en my, and aT. attemps to elude tha force of mili-
tary conventions, or to def at their salutary purposes by evas-
ion or chicane, are justly hald in detestat.cn, and d emcd un-
worthy of any d scription ot p rsans aSiUTii; g the cuaracter
or stating thems h'es as the representatives of nations.
"And wher'as it was stipulated in th? second a licle of the
convention en. ere 1 into at Saratoga be ween lieuten. nt g neral
Burgoy.ie and majr-ger.eral Gats, "Ti:at a f • e ■p ssage be
"grantel to the aemy unJe;- lieutenant-general Eurgoyne to
"Grea -Britain, upon condit on of not servirg again in North-
"America durirg the p.esent canf-^st; and .he po. t of Boston
"is assigned lor the entry oi transports, whenever g neral
"Howe shall so order:"
"His majes'y's Commissio e s now founding th' ir claim on
this article J3in w' h the commander in chief of his majesty's
forces n a pe.emptory requici ion, That free ent anc: into the
harborr of Boston (e g.ven to tr:insnorls for the immediate em-
barka ion of the raid roops; and that th^^y be allowed to depart
for Great-Br tiin in terms of the s^id co-\enticn. And the
said C-mmis ioT'rs, \^ orde:- t) emove eveiy eupp s d diffi-
culty or prefnce for delay in tlip execution of this treaty,
aris ng from aTy pas', real, ayip^r^nt r-r supposed infraction of
it, by worl rr writing en t'^e 'id' o' either party, liereby offer
to -e ew. on th- pat of G-eM Brtain, all the s'ipua ions of
th'^ ?.aid c-^nv?-ti^n. and par i-iil ' -'.y to rat-fy th? con 'ition
annexe! to the rcc^nd ar'icl ihe-P' o ab-^v- r-cit d, hy which
those trorps ?ro --ot to serve again in North-Ani'^rica du.ing
the presrnt contest.
39-7-3d Ser.
610 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
"And this requisition, dated at New- York, on the 26th of
August, 1778, is now sent to the American Congress for their
direct and explicit answer.
CARLISLE,
H. CLINTON,
WM. EDEN,
To his excellency HENRY LAURENS, Esq;
the president, and others the members of
the Congress, met at Philadelphia."
As these gentlemen did not appear with the proper letters of
credence to an independent state, Congress could not discuss
such propositions without acknowledging indirectly the au-
thority of the commission by which they were appointed; and
in doing that they must have acknowledged the authority of
those acts of parliament on which that commission was found-
ed. But as an independent state they could not take notice of
persons acting either under a commission or an act of parlia-
ment, these being of a domestic nature, and relative to internal
polity, but without authenticity as to foreign powers.
The Commissioners then, on the one hand, had no right to
make the demand, as it was not contained in their commission,
and could not possibly have been in contemplation at the time
of granting it: Besides that, being in its nature purely mili-
tary, it was the proper business of the British commander in
chief. And, on the other hand, the Congress could not make a
direct answer to it without receding from their right as repre-
sentatives of a sovereign and independent people.
But further: It being evident from the face of the requisi-
tion, when compared with their commission, that they offered
what they had no power to perform, it follows that they de-
signed to obtain the troops without giving the solid security
which had been rightfully demanded for their performance of
the convention. And from thence it is a clear inference, that
they designed totally to desregard the convention whenever the
troops should be in their possession.
These reasons taken together, ought certainly to have pre-
vented the Congress from taking any notice of their requ sition.
But one object of the commissioners was, to find some ground
for a charge against the Congress of a want of national faith
and honor; and on that and every other occasion it was of im-
portance that the people of America should have materials to
form a judgment of the conduct of their representatives. On
the 4th of September, therefore, a few days after the receipt
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 611
of that, with some othPr pap'^i's, they came to the following
resolution:
"WHEREAS Congress did, on the 8th day of January, 177S,
resolve, That the emb:irkat on of lieutenant-general Burgoyne,
and the troops under his command, be suspended till a dis-
tinct and explicit ratification of the convention of Saratoga
shall be properly notified by the court of Great-Britain to Con-
gress :
"RESOLVED, That no ratification of the convention of Sai'a-
toga, which may be tendered in consequence of powers which
may reach that case by construction and impKcatiou, or which
may subject whatever is transacted relative to it, to the future
approbation or disapprobation of the parliament of Great-
Britain, can b? accepted by Congress."
On the 19th of September, 1778, the following letter was re-
ceived by Congress:
New-York, 19th S?ptemb r, 177S.
SIR,
"NOTHING but his majesty's positive instructions, of which
I send you an extract, could have induced me to trouble you.
or the American Congress, again on the subject of the troops
detained in New-England, in direct contravention of the treaty
entered into at Saratoga. The neglect of the requisitions al-
ready made on this subject, is altogether unprecedented among
parties at war. I now, however, repeat the demand, that the
convention of Saratoga be fulfilled; and offer, by express and
recent authority from the king, received since the date of the
late requisition made by his majesty's Commissioners, to renew
in his majesty's name, all the conditions stipulated by lieuten-
ant-general Burgoyne. in respect to the troops serving under
his command.
"In this I mean to discharge my duty, not only to the king,
whose orders I obey, but to the unhappy people, likewise, whose
affairs are committed to you, and who, I hope, will have the
candor to acquit me of the consequences that must follow from
the new system of war you are pleased to introduce. I have
the honor to be. Sir,
Your most obedient and most humble servant,
H. CLINTON.
His excellency HENRY LAURENS, Esq; the
president, and others the members of the
American Congress, at Philadelphia.
612 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
Extract of a letter from the right honorable lord George
Germain, one of his majesty's principal sacreiariss of state,
to his excellency general S.r Henry Clinton, K. B. &c. &_â– .
&c. dated Whitehall, June 12, 1778.
"I AM to signify to you his majesty's pleasure, that you do
"take every necessary step for the str.ct observance of what
"is s:ipulated in the convention of Saratoga, on the part of
"lieutenant-general Burgoyne; and that you do give the fullest
"assurance that the troops, when embarked, shall be imme-
"diately sent to Great-Britain, and every condition agreed upon
"between Leutenant-general Burgoyne and major general
"Gates, respecting them, be faithfully observed.
A true extract,
JOHN SMITH, secreta y."
It is worthy of remark, that this extract is dated at White-
hall, so early as the 12th of June, from whence to the 26th of
August is 75 days; wherefore -t is more than probable that it
was received previous, and not subsequent, to the requisition
made by the Commissioners. This circumstance heightens the
fraudulent complexion of the procedure; and in any case the
extract shews the decided opinion of the British court, that
their Commissioners had not the power by them pretended.
But further: The Congress had resolved on the 8th of Janu-
ary, 1778, on the most conclusive reasons, "That the embarka-
"tion of lieutenant-general Burgoyne and the troops under his
"command be suspended till a distinct and explicit ratification
"of the convention of Saratoga shall be properly notified by
"the cou't of Great-Britain to Congress." But instead of this,
there is s'mply a direction of a secretary of state to their
general "to give the fullest assurances, &c." which assuraness,
and the general who gave them, or the very secretary himself,
might be disavowed. The person who certifies the extract also
might easily be disavowed; nay, it is very possible that no
such letter was ever written: Nor can we argue against such
deceit from the baseness of it; for those who would do the
many treacherous acts which they had committed during the
war, who had borrowed f'-om felons of the most ptiful kind
the little villainy of counterfeiting money, and wit'i whom it
was a favorite maxim that no faith was to be kept with rebels,
could hardly boggle at the sending as an extract from a secre-
tary of state's lette- what really was not such an extract. But
It is unnecessary to dwell on these objections; for the last para-
graph of Sir Henry Clinton's letter was so highly indecent.
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 613
that .1 would have been treason against the dignity of the
people of America to hav3 attended to it. The Corgress, there-
fore, with great propriety, "orderel that the secietay return
"the following answer: Sir, I am dire:;ted to info.m you, that
"the Congress of the United States of America make no answer
"to insol':'nt letters."
Being thus foiled in their several attempts to deceive, noth-
ing remained but to terrify. For th s pi;rpore thy on th'? 3d
of October, 1778, published the following manifesto and procla-
mation:
To the members of the Congress, the members of the General
Assemblies or Conventions of the seve"al colonies, planta-
tions and provinces of New-Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay,
Rhode-Island, Connecticut, New-York, New-Jersey, Pennsyl-
vania, the three Lower Counties on Delaware. Maryland. Vir-
ginia, North-Carolina, South-Carolina and Ge-^rgia. and all
others, free inhabitants of the said colonies, of every rank
and denomination.
By the Earl of CARLISLE, S:r HENRY CLINTON and
WILLIAM EDEN, Esq; Commissione"s appointed by his
majesty in pursuance of an act of pari ament, made and
passe:! in the 18th year of his majesty's reign, to enable his
majesty to appoint Commissioners to treat, consult and
agre-^ upon the means of quieting the diso ders now subsist-
ing in certain of the colonies, plantations and provinces in
North-America.
"HAVING amyily and repeatedly maie known to the Con-
gress, and having also proclaimed to the inhabitants of North-
America in general, the benevolent overtu-es of Gr?at-Britain
towards a re-union and coalition with her cc'lonies, we do not
think it consistent either with the duty we owe to our counfy.
or with a just regard to the characters we bear, to persist in
holding out offers, which, in our estimation, required only to
be known to be most gratefully accepted; and we have ac-
cordingly, exc'pting only the commander n chief, who will be
detained by mill ary duties, resolved to reUirn to England a
few weeks afte- the date of this manifesto and proclamation.
"Previous, however, to this decisive step, we are led, by a
just anxiety for the great objects of our mission, to enlarge on
some points which may not have been sufTicienny understood,
to recap tulate to cur fellow su^jectR the tlessings which we
are empowered to confer, an;l to warn them of the continued
614 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
train ol evils to which they are at present blindly and ob-
stinately exposing themselves.
"To the members of the Congress, then, we again declare,
that we a:e ready to concur dn all satisfactory and just ar-
rangements for securing to them and their respective constitu-
ents, the re-establishment of peace, with the exemption from
any imposit on of taxes by the parliament of Great-Britain,
and tne irrevocable enjoyment of every privilege consistent
with tha: union of interests and force on which our mutual
prosperity and the safety of our common religion and liberty
depend. We again assert, that the members of the Congress
were no: authorized by their constitution e ther to reject our
offers without the previous consideration and conssnt of the
several Assemblies and Conventions, their constituents, or to
refer us to petended foreign treaties, which they know are
delusively framed in the first instance, and which have never
yet been ratified by the people of this continent. And we once
more remind the members of the Congress, that they are re-
sponsible to their countrymen, to the world, and to God, for
the continuance of this war, and for all the miseries with
which it must be attended.
"To the General Assemblies and Conventions of the diffe ent
colonies, plantations and provinces above-mentlDned, we now
separately make the offers which we orig.nally transmitted to
the Congress; and w^ hereby call upon and urge them to meet
expressly for the pur{ ose of considering whether every motive,
political as well as moral, £.hould not decide their resolution to
embrace the occasion of cementing a free and firm coalition
with Great-Britain. It has not been, nor is it, our w^sh, to
seek the objects which we are commissioned to pursue, by
fomenting popular divisions and partial cabals: we think such
conduct would be ill suited to the generous nature of the
offers made, and unbecoming the dignity of the king ani the
state which makes them. But it is both our wish and our duty
to encourage and support any men or bodies of men in their
return of loyalty to our sovereign and or affection to our fellow-
subjects.
"To all others, free inhabitants of this once happy empire,
we also address ourselve-3. Such of them as are actually in
arms, of whatsoever rank or description, will do well to recol-
lect, that the grievances, whether real or supposed, which led
them into this rebellion have been for-ever removed, and that
the just occasion is arrived for their returning to the class of
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 615
peaceful citizens. But if the iionors of a military life are be-
come their object, let them seek those honors under the ban-
ners of their rightful sovereign, and in fighting the battles of
the united Briti.sh empi e against our late mutual and natural
enemy.
"To those whose profession A is to exercise the functions of
religion on this continent, it cannot surely be unknown, thac
the foreign power with which the Congress is endeavoring to
connect them, has ever been averse to toleration, and inveter-
ately opposed to the interests and freedom of the places of
worship which they serve; and that Great-Britain, from whom
they are for the present separated, must, both from the prin-
ciples of her constitution and of protestantism, be at all times
the best guardian of religious liberty, and most disposed to
promote and extend it.
"To all those who can estimate the blessings of peace, and
its influence over agriculture, a-ts and commerce, who can feel
a due anxiety for the education and establishment of their
children, or who can place a just value on domestic security,
we think it sufficient to observe, that they are made by their
leaders to continue involved in all the calamities of war, with-
out having either a just object to pursue, or a subsisting griev-
ance which may not instantly be redressed.
"But if thee be any persons who. divested of mistaken re-
sentments, and uninfluenced by selfish interests, really think
that ;t is for the benefit of the colonies to separate themselves
from Great-Britain, and that, so separated, they will find a con-
stitution more mild, more free, and better calculated for their
prosperity than that which they heretofore enjoyed, and which
we are empowe-ed and disposed to renew and improve; with
such persons we will not dispute a position which seems to be
sufficiently contradicted by the exper.ence they have had.
But we think it right to leave them fully aware of the change
which the maintaining such a position must make in the whole
nature and future conduct of this war; more especially when
to this position is added the pretended alliance with the court
of France.— The poLcy, as well as the benevolence of Great-
Britain, have thus far checked the extremes of war, when
they tended to distress a people still considerel as our fellow-
subjects, and to desolate a country shortly to become again a
source of mutual advantage: But when that country professes
the unnatural design not only of estranging herse'.f from us,
but of mortgaging herself and her resour(;.es to our enemies,
the whole contest is changed; and the question is, how far
616 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
Great-Britain may, by eve y means in her pDwer, clestroy or
render usdess a connectio.i contrived for her ruin, and fcr the
aggrandizement of France. Un3er sujh c rcumsai ces the
laws of self-preservation mu^t d.rtct the conduct of Great-
Britain; and if tlie Bri ish colo ies a e to become an accession
to Franc'?, will direct her to renJer that accession of as little
avail as possible to her enemy.
"If, however, there are any who thiak, that notwithstanding
thes3 reasonings, the independe-?ce of the colonics will, in the
result, be acknowledged by Grea -Britain; to thsm we answer
"Without recerve, that we neither possess o- cxicct powers for
that purposs; and that, if Gre'-t-Britai-.i coul 1 ever have sunk
so low as to adopt such a measure, we should not have thought
ourselves compellible to be the ins'ruments in making a con-
cession, which would, in our opinion, be calami'ous to th" colo-
nies, for whom it is mal'., and d sgraceful, as well as calamit-
ous, to the country f om which it is required. And we think
proper to declare, that in this sprit and sertiment we have
regularly written from this continent to Great-Britain.
"It will now become the colonies in general to call to mind
their own solemn appeals to He:iven in the beglrnirg of this
contest, that they took arms only for the redress of grievances,
and that it would be their wish, as well as their inte'-est, to
remain fo -ever connected with Great-B i ain. We rgain ask
them, whether all their grievances, real cr supposed, have not
been amply and fully redressed? And we Insist, that the offers
we have made, leave no hing to be wished, in point either of
immediate liberty cr permanent eecu i y: If those offers are
now rejected, we withdraw from the exe cise of a c::mmission
with which we have in vain been honored; the same liberality
will no longer be due from Gr'at-Br tain, nor can it e.ther in
justice or policy be expected f.-om her.
"In fine, and for the fuller manifestation as well of the dis-
position we bear, as of the gr?cious and genorous pu p ses of
the commission under which we act, we hereby declare, that
whereas his majesty, in pursuance of an act, made and passed
in the eighteenth session of parliament, entitled, "An act to
"enable his majesty to appo nt Commissioners with sufficient
"powers to treat, consul: and agree upon the means of quieting
"thf^ disorders now subsisting in certain of the colonies, plan-
"tati'^s and provinces of North-Am' rica," having been pleased
to autho'ize and emp:!wer us to grant a par Ion or pardons to
any number or descript on of persons within the colonies, plan-
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. G17
tatious and prov.nces of New-Hampshire, Massachusetts-Bay,
Rhode-Island, Connecticut, New-York, New-Jersey, Pennsyl-
vania, the three lower Counties on Delaware, Maryland, Vir-
ginia, North-Carolina, South-Carolina and Georgia: And
whereas the good effects of the said authorities and powers
towards the people aL large, would have long since taken place,
if a due use had been made of our first communications and
overtures, and have thus far been frustrated only by the preci-
pitate resolution of the members of the Congress not to treat
with us, and by their declining to consult wi,h their constitu-
ents: We now, in making our appeal to those constituents,
and to the free inhabitants of this continent in general, have
determined to give to them what in our opinion should have
been the fi:st object of those who appeared to have taken the
management of their interest, and adopt this mode of carrying
the said authorities and powers into execution. We accord-
ingly hereby grant and proclaim a pardon or pardons of all and
all manner of treasons or misprisions of treasons, by any per-
son or persons, or by any number or description of persons
within the said colonies, plantations or provinces, cninsslled,
commanded, acted or done on or before the date of this mani-
festo and proclamation.
"And we farther declare and proclaim, that if any person or
persons, or any number or description of persons within the
said colonies, plantations and provinces, now actually serving
either in a civil or military capacity in this rebellion, shall, at
any time during the continuance of this manifesto and procla-
mation, withdraw himself or themselves from such civil or
military service, and shall continue thenceforth peaceably as a
good and faithful subject or subjects to his majesty, to demean
himself or themselves, such person or persons, of such number
and description of persons, shall become and be fully entitled
to, and hereby obtain all the benefits of the pardon or pardons
hereby granted; excepting only from the said pardon or par-
dons every person, and eve-y numbe- or description of persons,
who, afte- the date of th's manifesto and proclamation, shall,
under the pretext of authority, as judges, jurymen, ministers,
or officers of civil justice be instrumental in executi'^g and
putting to death any of his majesty's subjects within the said
colonies, plantations and provinces.
"And we think proper farther to declare, that nothing he-ein
conta.ncLl is meant, or shall be construed, to set at liberiy any
person or persons now being a prisoner or prisoners, or who,
during the continuance of this rebellion, shall become a
prisoner or prisoners.
G18 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
"And we offer to the colonies at large, or separately, a gen-
eral or separate peace, wilb the revival of their antient govern-
ments secured against any future infringements, and protected
for-ever from taxation by Great-Brita.n. And, with respect to
such farther regulations, whether civil, military or commercial,
as they may wish to be framed and established, we promise
all the concurrence and assistance that his majesty's commis-
sion authorizes and enableo us to give.
"And we declare, that this manifesto and proclamation shall
continue and be in force forty days from the date taereof, that
â– is to say, from the third day of October to the eleventh day of
November, both inclusive.
"And, in order that the whole contents of this manifesto and
proclamation may be more fully known, we shall direct copies
thereof, both in the English and German language," to be uraaa-
mitted by flags of truce to the Congress, the General As-
semblies or Conventions of the colonies, plantations and pro-
vinces, and to several persons both in civil and military capa-
cities within the said colonies, plantations and provinces. And,
for the further security in times to come of the several persons
or numbers or descr.ptions of persons who are or may be the
objects of this manifesto and proclamation, we have set our
hands and seals to thirteen copies thereof, and have trans-
mitted the same to the thirteen colonies, plantations and pro-
vinces above-mentioned; and we are willing to hope that the
whole of this manifesto and proclamation will be fairly and
freely published and c rculated for the .immediate, general and
most serious consideration and benefit of all his majesty's sub-
jects on this continent And we earnestly exhort all persons
who by this instrument forthwith receive the benefit of the
king's pardon, at the same time that they entertain a becoming
sense of those lenient and affectionate measures whereby they
are now freed from many grievous charges which might have
risen in judgement, or have been brought in question against
them, to make a wise improvement of the situation in which
this manifesto and proclamation places them, and not only to
recollect, that a perseverance in the present rebellion, or any
adherence to the treasonable connection attempted to be framed
with a foreign power, will, after the present grace extended, be
considered as crimes of the most aggravated kind, but to vie
with each other in eager and cordial endeavors to secure their
own peace and promote and establish the prosperity of their
countrymen and the general weal of the empire.
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 619
"And, pursuant to h;s majesty's commission, we' hereby re-
quire all officers civil and mil.tary, and all .others his majesty's
loving subjects whatsoever, to be aiding and assisting unto us
in tbe execution of this our manifesto and proclamation, and
of all the matters herein contained.
Given at New-York, this 3.1 day of October 1778.
CARLISLE, (L. S.)
H. CLINTON, (L. S.)
WM. EDEN, (L. S.)
By their excellences command,
ADAM FERGUSON, secretary."
By some accidents in the conveyance of this proclamation, it
was' a long time before it came officially to Congress, though
it had been re-published from the New-York papers in those of
the United States. As soon, however, as it arrived, it produced
the following solemn appeal:
Bv the CONGRESS of the United States of America,
MANIFESTO.
"THESE UnJted States having been driven to hostilities by
the oppressive and tyrannous measures of Great-Britain; hav-
ing been compelled to commit the e3sential rights of man to
the decision of arms; and having been at length forced to shake
off a yoke which had grown too burthensome to bear, they
ileclared themselves free and Independent.
"Confiding in the justice of their cause; confid.ng in H.m
who disposes of human events, although weak and unprovided,
they set the power of their enemies at defiance.
"In this confidence they have continued through the various
fortune of three bloody campaigns, unawed by the power, un-
subdued bv the barbarity of their foes. Their vrtuous citizens
have borne, without repining, the loss of many things which
make life desirable Their brave troops have patiently en-
dured the hardships and dangers of a situation, fruitful in
both beyond former example.
"The Congress, considering themselves bound to love their
enemies, as children of that Being who is equally the Father of
all- and desirous, since they could not prevent, at least to alle-
viate, the calamities of war. have studied to spare those who
were in arms against them, and to lighten th- chains ot
captivity.
620 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
"The conduct of those serving under the kng of Great-
Britain hath, with some few ex::eptions, been diametrically op-
posite. Th'y h"jve laid wi.ste the open country, burned th?
defenceless vlKages. au.l butchered the citizens of America.
Their prisons iiave b;en the slaughter-houses of he; soldiers,
their ships of her seamen anl the seve est injuries have be:u
aggravated by the g o S2St .nsult.
"Foilei in their vain attempt to subjugate the unconquerable
spirit of freedom, th y have m3anly assailed the representa-
tives of America with bribes, with deceit, and the servility of
adula ion. They have mr»de a mock of humanity, by the wan-
ton destruction of men: They have made a mock of religion,
by impious appeals to God whilst in the violation of his sacred
commands: They have mad? a mock even of reason itself, by
endeavoring to prove, that the liberty and h'^ppiness of
Ame ica couli safely be entrusted to those who have sold their
own, unawed by the sens^^ of virtue or of shame.
"Treated wi h the contempt which such conduct deserved,
they have appled to individuals: They have solicited them to
break the bonds cf all'giance, and imbue the r souls with the
blackest of crimes: But, fearing that none could be found
through these United StTtes eq^ial to the wickedness of their
purpose, to influence weak minds, they have threatenel more
wide devastation.
"While the shadow of hope remained, that our enemies could
be taught by our example to respect those laws which ar^^ held
sacred among civilize 1 nations, and to comply with the dictates
of a religion wh ch they p etend in common with us to believe
and to revere, they have been left to the influence of that
religion and that ex^mp^e. But since their incorrigible dis-
positions cannot be touched by kindness and con^passion, it
becomes our duty by other means to vindicate the rights of
humanity.
"We, therefore, the Congress of the United States of America,
do solemnly declare and proclaim, that if our enemies presume
to execute their threats, or persst in thei;- pre.ent car er of
barbarity, we will take such exemplary vengeance as shall de-
ter others from a 1 k^ conduct. We appeal to that God who
searcheth the hearts cf men. for the rectitude of oir Intentions;
and in his holy presence Wb declare, that as wl aro not moved
by any light and h'^sty suggestions of anger or revenge, so
through evey possible change of fortune we will adhere to this
our de.erm nation. ^
AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 621
Done in Congress, by unanimous consent, the ill rtielh day of
October, one tiiousand seven hundred and sev-nLy-eight.
HENRY LAURENS, president"
Attest.
CHARLES THOMSON, secretary."
Thus all negotiation for dependence being at an end, Great-
Britain and America are now to contend on the following
points: Ist. On ihe part of Great-Britain it is d.claied, that
as we will not submit, and she cannot subdue, she w 11 aitempt
to ruin and destoy. 2dly. On the part of America it is de-
clared, that if the war is prosecuted in a manner not con-
formable to tho laws of nations, the conduct of her enemies
shall be retaliated.
If our enemi?s were under the guiiance of rea on, they would
desist from those efforts with which they threaten us; 1st.
Because, although they may burn many defenceless towns, and
ravage much of the open country, the attempt to ruin us must
be unsuccessful, and the expence of it enorff.ous; no. to men-
tion that the:r whole force is necessary f:r their own defence,
which necessity will daily increase. 2dly. Because their bar-
barity, by exaspora ing more the minds of the Americans, will
more effectually wean them from a".l attachment to, and con-
nection wiLh, Great-Britain, as well politic 1 a- commercial.
3dly. Because they must expect that our allies w 11 aff rd evry
aid in their power to vindicate the violated rights of nations;
which indeeJ they are bound to do, roi only in common with
all other sovereigns, but by the powe ful prirciples cf faith and
affection. And 4thly. Because such conducl en their part
would justify on ours not only the breach of ?ny compacts
wh:ch might be entered into, but even the mos' iLarguinary
measures at the most di:tant p'riod; nay more, woull demand
a remembrance of the injury, un'il such ample vengeance
would be taken as would in fulure prevent similar insults from
others.
But the unreasonableness of the-e measu es is ve y far from
being a conclusive argument why they wll ro' ?dopf them;
1st. Because their whole conduct, with rela ion to this country,
bears such strong marks of folly, that to suppose they will
not obsfnately persis' in It, would argue a depr^ e of weakness
and infidelity. 231y. Because it is perhaps neessary that they
should make a vi itation to (very sfte. ii order to purge it
of the most turbulent p<^rt of the disiffec'el. ?nd p-'n'sh the
remain ler by the dest'-ucti'^n of thnr property, the-eby bring-
ing home to the'.r fcs'.ings that conviction which was not to be
622 OBSERVATIONS ON THE
effected in the common way of reasoning. 3dly. Because
something must be allowed to the anguish of disappointed
avarice and ambition; for, since no hope remains of acquiring
that dominion which was the object of their fervent desires, it
is perfectly natural that men, free from the influence of justice
or humanity, should take any and every method to staliate the
vengeance of defeated despotism. And 4thly. Because, as they
suppose, they have offended us beyond forgiveness; 'so they
conclude that we shall be stimulated by passions like their
own, to prosecute their ruin: In which case, be ng too haughty
to ask our friendship, they have no alternative but to endeavor
to render our enmity as little dangerous as possible.
On the other hand, the determination of America to retaliate,
is dictated by every motive of policy and justice, and must
terminate to the great prejudice of Britain, and the ruin of her
adherents on this side of the Atlantic: Nor can the means be
wanting; the towns on her coast are at least as defenceless as
ours; and their citizens, unused to arms, are utterly incapable
of repelling an assault. A small sum of money would wrap
their metropolis in flames. Their subjects and adherents may
easily be found in any part of the earth; and the dreaded
scalping-knife itself may, .n the hands of our riflemen, spread
horror through their island. These and many other methods
may readily be devised; and certainly some critical moment
will offer itself in the flow of time to proclaim to them the in-
juries of America in the rough sounds of mer ted barbarity.
Considering our present situation and connections, we cannot
but be sensible that the independence of America is fully
secured, and nothing left to guard against but the ravages of
a cruel foe, and the derangement of our finances. To effect
the forme", we must hold ourselves ready to repel force by
force wherever assailed, and firmly retort every infringement
of the law of nations with unfeel'ng per.servance. To remedy
the latter, economy in the expenditure of money, and taxation,
are the natural means, and, in addition to these, private econ-
omy, founded on a conviction that the monies wantonly ex-
pended in the present moment of depreciation, will soon be
deeply regretted when it hath recovered its full value. By
such steps we shall frustrate the designs of our enem es, and
hasten that moment when the United States of North-America,
rising from distress to glory, shall dispense to their citizens
the blessings of that peace, liberty and safety for .wiiioh we
have virtuously and vigorously contended.
AMERICAN REVOLUTION 623
The portals of the temple we have raised to freedom, shall
then be thrown wide, as an asylum to mankind. America shall
receive to her bosom and comfort and cheer the oppressed, the
miserable and the poor of every nation and of every clime.
The enterprise of extending commerce shall wave her friendly
Hag over the billows of the remotest regions. Industry shall
collect and bear to her shores all the various productions of
the earth, and all by which human life and human manners are
polished and adorned. In becoming acquainted with' the relig-
ions, the customs and the laws, the wisdom, virtues and follies
and prejudices of different countries, we shall be taught to
cherish the principles of general benevolence. We -shall learn
to consider all men as our brethren, being equally children of
the Universal Parent — that God of the heavens and of the
earth, whose infinite majesty, for providential favor during th«
late revolution, almighty power in our preservation from im-
pending ruin, and gracious mercy in our redemption from the
iron shackles of despotism, we cannot cease with gratitude
and with deep humility to praise, to reverence and adore.
(624)
THE PAYMENT
OF
LOANS AND INTEREST
BV XHE CONGRESS,
1780.
40-7-3d Ser. (625)
Vk ^,._.=ii-^JI
(626)
TABLE FOR THE PAYMENT
Principal and Interest of Loans.
AGKEEABLE TO THK
RESOLUTIONS OF CONGRESS,
Tlie Tw^entA^-eifflith deiy of June, 1780.
sj o a r ^ ^- V r cL-i s ; c r (.
I H 1 LA D ELPH I A:
Printed by DAVID C. CLAYPOOLE,
Printer to the Honorable the Congress.
M.DCC.LXXX.
(628)
IN CONGRESS
JUNE 28th, 1780.
WHEREAS Congress, on the eighteenth day of April last,
resolved in the words following, viz. "That Congress will,
as soon as may be. make such provision for discharging or
continuing the loans that have been made to these United
States, on loan-office certificates, as that the holders of them
shall sustain no loss thereon, by any depreciation of the bills
loaned, subsequent to the respective dates of the said cerf.fi-
cates:" therefore
Resolved, That the principal of all loans, that have been
made to these United States, shall finally be discharged, liy
paying the full current value of the bills when loaned, which
payments shall be made in Spanish milled dollars, or the cur-
rent exchange thereof in other money, at the time of payment:
That the value of the bills when loaned, shall be ascertained,
for the purpose above mentioned, by computing thereon a pro-
gressive rate of depreciation, commencing with the first day of
September, 1777, and continuing to the eighteenth day of
March, 1780. in geometrical proportion to the time, from period
to period, as hereafter stated, assuming the depreciaton at the
several periods to be as follows, viz.
On the first day of March. 1778. one dollar and three quar-
ters of a dollar of the said bills, for one Spanish milled dollar;
on the first of September, 1778. as four of the former for one
of the latter: on the first of March. 1779, as ten of the former
for one of the latter; on the first day of September, 1779, as
eight'^en of the former for one of the latter: and on the ISth
day of March, 1780, as forty of the former for one of the latter:
That the principal of all certificates that have been taken
out since the eighteenth day of March last. 'shall be discharged
at the rate of one Spanish milled dollar, or the current ex-
change thereof in other money at the time of payment, for
forty dollars of the said bills of credit, received on loan:
(629)
630 PAYMENT OF LOANS.
That the principal of all certificates that shall hereafter b«
taken out, until the further order of Congress, be discharged
at the same rate and in the same manner as those that have
been taken out since the eighteenth day of March last:
That the interest on all loan-office certificates at the rate of
six per cent, per annum, computed on the principal ascertained
as aforesaid, shall be discharged annually, in like manner as
the principal, until the principal shall be paid: provided never-
theless, that the same interest and mode of payment on certi-
ficates taken out before the first day of March. 1778, shall be
continued as at present, until the principal ascertained as
aforesaid, shall be ready to be discharged.
Ordered, That the board of treasury prepare the proper
tables for direction of the commissioners of the continental
loan-offices in the several states, in paying off the principal
and interest of loans, agreeably to the foreging resolutions.
Extracts from the minutes.
GEORGE BOND. Deputy Secretary.
PAYMENT OF LOANS.
TREASURY OFFICE.
631
JULY 29th, 1780.
IN pursuance of the foregoing act, and on the principles
therein laid down, the following Table, for direction of 'he
commissioners of the Continental Loan-Offices in the several
states, in paying off the Principal and Interest of Loans, is
prepared; shewing the value of One Hundred Dollars of the
Currency of the United States loaned at any time between tbe
1st day of September, 1777, and the 18th day of March, 1780. in
Specie, with its Interest for a year.
It is to be observed. That the specie value of One Hundred
Dollars, found on any day within the Table, is to be multiplied
by the number of hundreds expressed in the Certificate of the
game date, whose value in specie is required, and in like man-
ner the interest arising thereon; and the answer will be ob-
tained.
Example.— The specie value of a Certifi-
cate of five hundred dollars and its Inter-
est, loaned the 1st day of May, 1779,is re-
quired on that day:— By the Table, the
specie value of one hundred current dol-
lars is eight dollars, twenty ninetieths of
a dollar, and five eighth parts of a nine- dol. 90ths. Sths.
tieth, which multiplied by five (the hun- 8 20 5
dreds mentioned in the Certificate) gives 5
forty-one dollars, thirteen ninetieths and
one eighth for the Principal:
41 13
The interest thereon, forty-four nine-
tieths and three eighths, multiplied by dol. 90ths. 8ths.
five, (the number of hundreds in the Cer- 44 3.
tificate,) gives two dollars, forty-one 5
ninetieths and seven eighths of a nineti
eth for its interest, in specie: 2
41 7-8
(632)
TABLE, ETC.
VALUE OF ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS IN SPECIE, AND ITS
INTEREST.
1777. dol. 90Uis. 8ths. dol. 90ths. 8ths.
Sept.
dol.
90Uis.
8ths.
1.
100
Interes
2.
99
62
2
3.
99
34
4
4.
99
6
7
5.
98
69
3
6.
98
41
7
7.
98
14
4
8.
97
77
o
9.
97
50
1
10.
97
23
11.
9C
85
1
12.
9f.
59
13.
9G
32
1
14.
96
5
3
15.
95
68
6
16.
95
42
17.
95
15
4
18.
94
79
1
19.
94.
52
6
20.
94
2C
4
21,
94
2
22.
93
64
2
23.
9.T
38
1
24.
93
12
1
25.
92
76
o
26.
92
50
4
27.
92
24
6
28.
91
89
1
29.
91
03
5
30.
91
38
1
5
88
5
86
5
5
85
5
83
2
D
81
5
5
80
5
78
3
5
76
6
ij
75
1
5
73
4
5
71
7
5
70
2
5
68
5
5
67
1
5
65
4
5
63
7
5
62
2
5
60
6
5
59
5
5
57
4
5
55
5
54
3
5
52
7
5
51
3
5
49
6
5
48
5
46
6
5
45
1
5
43
5
(633)
634 PAYMENT OF LOANS.
1777. dol. QOths. 8ths. dol. 90ths. Sths.
Oct.
Nov.
1.
91
12
6
o
90
77
3
3.
90
52
1
4.
90
27
5.
90
1
7
6.
89
66
7
t .
89
42
8.
89
17
9. .
88
82
2
10.
88
57
5
11.
88
33
12.
88
8
3
13.
87
73
7
14.
87
49
4
15.
87
25
2
16.
87
1
17.
86
66
6
18.
86
42
6
19.
86
18
5
20.
85
84
6
21.
85
60
7
22.
85
37
23.
85
13
2
24.
84
79
5
25.
84
56
1
26.
84
32
4
27.
84
9
1
28.
83
75
6
29.
83
52
4
30.
83
29
2
31.
83
6
1.
82
73
2.
82
50
3.
82
27
4.
82
4
1
5.
81
71
3
6.
81
48
6
7.
81
26
8.
81
o
3
9.
80
70
7
10.
80
48
4
11.
80
26
1
12.
80
3
6
5
42
1
5
40
5
5
39
1
5
37
4
5
36
5
34
5
5
33
5
31
5
5
30
1
5
28
5
5
27
1
5
25
5
5
24
1
5
22
6
5
21
2
5
19
6
5
18
3
5
16
7
5
15
4
5
14
5
12
5
5
11
1
5
9
6
5
8
3
5
6
rr
i
5
5
4
5
4
1
5
2
5
5
1
2
4
89
7
4
88
4
4
87
1
4
85
6
4
84
3
4
82
7
4
81
5
4
80
2
4
78
7
4
77
4
4
76
2
4
74
7
4
73
4
4
72
1
PAYMENT OF LOANS.
63«
1777.
dol. 90ths. 8ths. dol. 90ths. 8ths
Nov. 13. 79 71
Dec
14.
79
49
3
15.
79
27
o
IC.
79
C
2
17.
78
73
2
18.
78
51
o
19.
78
29
4
20.
78
7
21.
77
76
1
22.
77
54
4
23.
77
32
7
24.
77
11
3
25.
76
80 .
20.
76
58
6
27.
76
37
3
28.
76
16
29.
75
84
1
30.
75
63
7
1.
75
42
6
o
75
21
6
3.
75
7
4.
74
70
5.
74
49
6.
74
28
4
7.
74
8-
8.
73
77
3
9.
73
56
7
10.
73
36
3
11.
73
16
12.
72
85
5
13.
72
65
3
14.
72
45
2
15.
72
25
.16.
72
5
17.
71
74
7
18.
71
55
19.
71
35
1
20.
71
15
o
21.
70
85
4
22.
70
65
7
23.
70
46
1
24.
70
20
4
25.
70
7
4
70
5
4
69
4
4
68
1
4
60
7
4
65
4
4
64
1
4
62
n
i
4
61
5
4
60
n
4
59
4
57
6
4
56
o
4
55
1
4
53
i
4
52
5
4
51
o
4
50
7
4
48
6
4
47
4
4
46
9
4
45
4
43
6
4
42
4
4
41
2
4
40
4
38
6
4
37
6
4
30
3
4
35
1
4
33
7
4
32
5
4
31
4
4
30
2
4
29
4
27
7
4
26
5
4
25
4
4
24
o
4
23
1
4
21
7
4
20
6
4
19
4
4
18
3
63G PAYMENT OF LOANS.
1777.
dol.
90ths.
8th
Dec. 26.
69
77
4
27.
69
58
1
28.
69
38
7
29.
69
19
4
30.
69
31.
68
71
Jan. 1.
68
52
(1778) 2.
68
32
7
3.
68
13
7
4.
67
85
5.
67
66
1
6.
67
47
2
7.
67
28
4
8.
67
9
7
9.
66
81
9
10.
66
62
5
11.
66
44
12.
65
25
5
13.
66
7
1
14.
65
78
6
15.
65
60
4
16.
65
42
2
17.
65
24
18.
65
5
7
19.
64
77
7
20.
64
59
7
21.
64
41
7
22.
64
24
23.
64
6
1
24.
63
78
3
25.
63
60
4
26.
63
42
7
27.
63
25
2
28.
63
7
5
29.
62
80
1
30.
62
62
5
31.
62
45
Feb. 1.
62
27
7
2
62
10
4
3.
61
83
2
4.
61
66
1
5.
61
48
7
dol.
90ths.
8ths.
4
17
2
4
16
4
14
7
4
13
6
4
12
4
4
11
3
4
10
2
4
9
1
4
8
4
6
7
4
5
6
4
4
t)
4
3
4
4
3
4
1
2
4
3
89
3
87
7
3
86
6
3
85
5
3
84
5
?,
83
4
3
82
3
3
81
<->
3
80
2
o
79
1
3
78
3
77
i>
75
7
o
74
1
3
73
6
o
72
6
3
71
5
3
70
5
3
69
4
3
68
5
3
67
4
66
li
3
65
3
3
64
r>
3
63
2
3
62
3
PAYMENT OF LOANS.
63j
177S.
dol !
;»Ofhs.
Sths.
Feb. i:.
CI
31
6
t .
61
14
6
S.
60
87
6
>).
60
70
6
lu.
60
54
11.
60
37
1
12.
60
20
2
IZ.
60
o
5
14.
59
77
3
15.
59
60
o
IG.
59
43
5
17.
59
27
2
IS.
59
10
6
19.
58
84
2
20.
58
67
7
21.
58
51
5
oo
58
35
o
23.
58
19
1
24,
5S
2
1
25.
57
76
6
26.
57
60
6
27.
57
44
5
2S.
57
28
6
March 1.
D I
12
6
â– )
56
79
6
o.
56
56
7
4.
56
34
5.
56
11
2
6.
55
78
5
7.
55
56
8.
55
oo
5
9.
55
11
2
10.
54
79
11.
54
56
7
12.
54
34
6
13.
54
12
7
14.
53
81
1.-..
53
59
2
It;.
53
37
5
17.
53
16
18.
52
84
5
l!i.
52
63
o
2".
52
42
dol.
90ths.
Sths.
o
61
2
3
60
o
3
59
o
n
58
3
57
3
56
3
55
3
54
3
53
o
52
3
51
3
50
3
49
48
2
o
47
o
3
46
2
3
45
2
3
44
2
3
43
3
3
42
3
3
41
S
o
40
3
o
39
4
3
38
4
•J
37
1
3
35
6
3
84
3
3
33
3
31
5
3
30
2
3
29
â– >
27
5
3
26
3
3
25
3
23
5
3
22
3
â– >
21
3
19
6
o
18
o
9
17
1
O
15
(
O
14
4
O
13
o
638 PAYMENT OF LOANS.
1778. dol 90ths. 8ths.
March 21.
52
20
7
22.
51
89
6
23.
51
68
7
24.
51
47
1
25.
51
27
1
26.
51
6
3
27.
50
75
6
28.
50
55
29.
50
34
7
30.
50
14
4
31.
49
84
2
April 1.
49
64
2
o
49
44
1
o
49
24
1
4.
49
4
2
5.
48
74
4
6.
48
54
6
7.
48
35
1
8.
48
15
5
9.
47
86
2
10.
47
66
7
11.
47
47
5
12.
47
28
4
13.
47
9
3
14.
46
80
3
15.
46
61
3
16.
46
42
5
17.
46
6
18.
46
5
1
19.
45
76
5
20.
45
38
1
21.
45
39
6
22.
45
21
3
23.
45
o
1
24.
44
74
7
25.
44
56
7
26.
44
38
7
27.
44
20
1
28.
44
3
1
29.
43
75
2
30.
43
57
4
dol.
90tlis.
8th6.
3
12
3
10
6
3
9
4
3
8
2
3
7
3
5
6
3
4
4
3
3
o
3
2
3
6
2
89
5
2
88
3
2
87
2
5 2
86
84
6
2
83
5
2
82
o
2
. 81
2
89
1
2
78
i
2
77
6
2
76
5
2
75
4
2
74
3
2
73
1
2
72
2
70
7
o
69
6
o
68
5
67
4
2
66
3
2
65
o
64
2
2
63
1
2
62
o
61
2
59
7
2
58
6
o
57
5
2
56
5
2
55
5
PAYMENT OF LOANS. 639
1778. dol 90tbs. Sths.
May 1. 43 40
June
2
43
22
4
3.
43
5
4.
42
77
5
5.
42
60
3
6.
42
43
1
7.
42
26
S.
42
9
9.
41
81
7
10.
41
65
11.
41
48
1
11'.
41
31
4
13.
41
14
6
14.
40
88
1
15.
40
71
5
16.
40
55
2
17.
40
38
6
18.
40
oo
4
19.
40
6
o
20.
39
80
21.
39
63
7
oo
39
47
7
23.
39
32
24.
39
16
1
25.
39
2
26.
38
74
4
27.
38
58
7
28.
38
43
3
29.
38
27
6
30.
38
12
3
31.
37
87
1.
37
71
5
o
37
56
3
3.
37
41
1
4.
37
26
;j.
37
11
6.
36
86
1
7.
36
71
1
8.
36
56
3
9.
36
41
4
10.
36
26
7
11.
36
12
1
12.
35
87
5
dol.
90ths.
8th s.
o
54
4
2
53
4
2
52
4
o
51
3
2
»0
3
2
49
3
1!
48
2
47
2
2
46
2
2
45
o
2
44
2
43
2
2
42
o
41
2
2
40
2
2
39
2
2
38
o
o
37
o
2
36
3
o
35
o
2
34
3
2
33
3
o
32
4
2
31
4
2
30
4
2
29
4
o
28
D
2
27
6
o
26
6
o
25
7
o
25
2
24
o
23
1
o
22
2
o
21
2
2
20
3
2
19
4
2
18
5
2
17
6
2
16
7
2
16
2
15
1
1
14
2
640 PAYMBNT OF LOANS.
1778.
dol
90ths.
Sths,
June 13.
35
73
1
14.
35
58
5
15.
35
44
2
16.
35
29
7
17.
35
15
6
18.
35
1
4
19.
34
77
3
20.
34
63
2
21.
34
49
2
22.
34
35
3
23.
34
21
4
24.
34
1
5
25.
33
83
1
26.
33
70
27.
o3
56
4
28.
33
43
29.
33
29
4
30.
33
16
July 1.
33
2
5
2.
32
79
9
3.
32
66
1
4.
32
53
5.
32
39
6
6.
32
26
5
n
32
13
5
8.
32
5
9.
31
77
6
10.
31
64
7
11.
31
52
1
12.
31
39
3
13.
31
26
5
14.
31
14
15.
31
1
4
16.
30
79
17.
30
6G
4
18.
30
54
1
19.
30
41
6
20.
30
29
4
21.
30
17
2
22.
30
5
oo
29
82
6
24.
29
70
7
25.
29
58
6
•
dol.
90ths.
Stlis.
2
13
3
2
12
4
2
11
5
2
10
6
2
9
7
2
9
2
8
1
2
7
3
2
6
4
2
5
5
2
4
7
2
4
2
3
1
2
2
3
2
1
4
2
6
89
7
89
1
88
2
87
4
86
6
85
7
85
1
84
3
83
4
82
6
82
81
2
80
4
79
6
79
78
3
77
3
76
5
75
7
75
2
74
4
73
C
73
72
1
71
4
70
6
70
1
PAYMENT OF LOANS. 641
1778. dol 90Lhs. SLhs. dol. 90ths. Sth.s.
July
Aug.
S-p.
2G.
29
46
7
27.
29
35
28.
29
23
1
29.
29
11
2
30.
28
89
4
31.
28
77
6
1.
28
66
1
2
28
54
5
3.
28
43
4.
28
31
5
5.
28
20
1
6.
28
8
6
7.
27
87
3
8.
27
76
1
9.
27
64
7
10.
27
53
5
11.
27
42
4
12.
27
31
4
13.
27
20
4
14.
27
9
4
15.
26
88
5
16.
26
77
5
17.
26
66
6
18.
26
56
19.
26
45
2
20.
26
34
5
21.
26
24
22.
26
13
3
23.
26
2
7
24.
25
82
2
25.
25
71
7
26.
25
61
3
27.
25
51
28.
25
40
6
29.
25
30
4
30.
25
20
2
31.
25
10
1
1.
25
2
24
78
5
24
67
O
4.
24
56
41-7-
-3d Ser.
69
3
68
5
67
7
67
1
66
4
65
6
65
1
64
3
63
6
63
62
3
61
5
61
60
59
5
59
58
2
57
5
57
56
2
55
5
55
54
3
53
6
53
52
3
51
6
51
1
50
4
49
7
49
2
48
5
48
47
3
46
6
46
1
45
4
45
44
o
43
5
42
7
642 PAYMENT OF LOANS.
177^.
dol
90Lhs.
8ths.
Sept. 5.
24
44
7
6.
24
33
6
7.
24
22
5
8.
24
11
5
9.
^4
5
10.
23
79
5
11.
23
68
7
12.
23
58
1
13.
23
47
o
14.
23
30
5
15.
23
20
16.
23
15
3
17.
23
4
7
18.
22
84
4
19.
22
74
20.
22
63
5
21.
22
53.
•->
22.
22
43
23.
22
32
6
24.
22
22
5
25.
22
12
4
20.
22
2
4
Sept. 27.
21
82
3
28.
21
72
4
29.
21
62
5
30.
21
52
G
Oct. 1.
21
43
2.
21
33
1
3.
21
23
3
4.
21
13
6
5.
21
4
1
6.
20
84
5
7.
20
75
1
8.
20
65
5
9.
20
56
2
10.
20
46
7
11.
20
37
4
12.
20
28
2
13.
20
18
7
14.
20
9
1
15.
20
f,
16.
19
81
4
17.
19
72
5
dol.
90ths.
8thd.
42
2
41
5
40
7
40
2
39
4
38
7
38
•»
37
37
30
3
35
6
35
34
3
33
6
33
1
32
4
32
31
3
30
6
30
1
29
4
28
7
28
2
27
6
27
1
26
4
25
7
25
3
24
6
24
1
23
.5
23
22
4
21
7
21
2
20
6
20
o
19
5
19
18
4
18
17
3
16
7
PAYMENT OF LOANS. 643
177cS.
dol
90ths.
8ths.
Oct. IN.
19
6n
4
19.
19
54
5
20
19
45
5
21.
19
36
6
0-)
19
28
2o.
19
19
2
24.
19
10
4
or
19
1
6
2G.
18
8:.!
1
27.
18
74
4
28.
18
66
29.
18
57
4
30.
IS
49
31.
18
40
5
Nov. 1.
IS
90
1
2.
IS
23
7
C.
IS
15
4
4.
18
i
3
5.
17
89
6.
17
80
7
7.
17
72
6
S.
17
64
5
9.
17
5(1
5
10.
17
4S
5
11.
17
40
5
12.
17
32
6
IS.
17
24
6
14.
17
17
15.
17
9
1
16.
17
1
17.
16
83
5
18,
16
76
19.
16
68
2
20.
16
60
6
21.
16
53
22.
16
45
23.
16
38
24.
16
30
4
25.
16
99
1
26.
16
15
6
27.
16
8
3
28.
16
1
1
29.
ir.
83
7
dol.
9oths.
Sths.
16
3
15
7
15
2
14
6
14
13
6
13
1
12
5
12
1
11
5
11
1
10
5
10
1
9
^'
9
1
8
5
8
1
7
5
(
1
6
5
6
1
5
5
5
1
4
5
4
1
3
6
3
2
2
6
o
1
1
1
9
7
9
89
4
80
1
88
5
88
1
87
6
87
9
86
7
86
9
86
644 PAYMENT OF LOANS.
1778.
dol.
90ths.
8ths.
Nov. 30.
15
76
5
Dec. 1.
15
69
3
15
62
2
15
55
1
4.
15
48
5.
15
40
7
6.
15
33
7
7.
15
26
7
8.
15
19
7
Jt
15
13
10.
15
6
1
11.
14
89
2
12.
14
82
4
13.
14
75
6
14.
14
69
15.
14
62
2
16.
14
55
4
17.
14
48
7
18.
14
42
3
19.
14
35
6
20.
14
29
2
21.
14
22
5
22
14
16
2
• 23.
14
9
6
24.
14
3
3
25.
13
87
26.
13
80
4
27.
13
74
2
28.
13
68
29.
13
61
6
30.
13
55
4
31.
13
49
3
Jan. '1.
13
43
2
(1779.) 2.
13
37
1
3.
13
31
4.
13
25
5.
13
18
7
6.
13
12
7
7.
13
7
8.
13
1
9.
12
85
1
10.
12
79
2
dol. 90ths.
8ths.
85
4
85
1
84
5
84
2
83
7
83
3
83
82
4
82
1
81
6
81
3
80
7
80
d
80
1
79
5
79
2
78
7
78
4
78
1
77
5
77
2
76
7
76
4
76
1
75
6
75
3
75
74
5
74
2
73
7
73
4
73
1
72
6
72
3
72
71
5
71
2
70
7
70
4
• 70
2
69
7
69
4
PAYMENT OF LOANS. 645
1779.
dol.
90th s.
8ths,
Jan. 11.
12
73
o
V2.
12
67
4
13.
12
61
5
14.
12
55
7
ir..
12
50
o
It;.
12
44
4
17.
12
38
7
18.
12
33
1
19.
12
27
4
20.
12
22
21.
12
16
3
oo
12
10
7
23.
12
5
3
24.
11
89
7
25.
â– 11
84
3
26.
11
79
27.
11
73
4
28.
i:
68
2
29.
11
62
7
3U.
11
57
4
31.
11
52
2
Feb. 1.
11
47
2.
11
41
6
3.
11
36
5
4.
11
31
3
5.
11
26
2
6.
11
21
1
7.
11
16
8.
11
10
7
9.
11
.'J
7
10.
11
7
11.
10
85
6
12.
10
80
7
13.
10
75
7
14.
10
71
15.
10
66
1
16.
10
61
1
17.
10
56
2
IS
10
51
4
19.
10
46
5
20.
10
41
7
21.
10
37
1
22.
10
32
3
,ol. 90ths.
8th.s
69
1
68
6
68
4
68
1
67
6
67
3
67
1
66
6
66
o
66
65
t
65
o
65
64
6
64
3
64
1
63
6
63
4
63
1
62
6
62
4
62
1
61
7
61 .
4
61
2
60
7
60
5
60
2
60
59
6
59
3
59
1
58
6
58
4
58
57
rr
t
57
5
57
3
57
56
6
• 56
4
56
1
55
7
646 PAYMENT OF LOANS.
Fel
1779.
dol.
90ths.
8ths,
24.
10
23
?h. 23.
10
27
6
25.
10
18
2
26.
10
13
5
27.
10
9
1
2S.
10
4
4
arch 1.
10
2.
9
87
1
3.
9
84
2
4.
9
81
3
5.
9
78
4
6.
9
75
6
7.
9
72
7
8.
9
70
9.
9
07
2
10.
9
64
2
11.
9
61
5
12.
9
58
n
1
13.
9
56
1
14.
9
53
3
15.
9
50
5
16.
9
47
7
17.
9
45
1
18.
9
42
3
19.
9
39
5
20.
9
36
7
21.
9
34
2
22.
9
31
4
23.
9
28
7
24.
9
26
1
25.
9
23
4
26.
9
20
7
27.
9
18
2
28.
9
15
4
29.
9
12
7
30.
9
10
2
31.
9
7
5
pril 1.
9
5
2.
9
2
4
3.
8
89
7
4.
8
87
2
5.
S
84
6
dol. 9<Jths.
Sths,
55
3
â– 55
5
55
54
6
54
4
54
2
54
53
6
53
5
53
3
53
2
53
1
52
7
52
6
52
5
52
3
52
2
52
1
51
1
51
6
51
4
51
3
51
o
51
1
50
7
50
6
50
5
50
3
50
2
50
1
50
49
6
49
5
49
4
49
2
49
1
49
48
7
48
6
48
4
48
3
48
PAYMENT OF LOANS. 647
lT7y. dol. 90ths. 8ths.
April
May
G
8
82
1
1 .
8
79
5
8.
8
77
9.
8
74
4
10.
8
72
11.
8
69
4
12
S
66
7
13.
8
64
4
14.
8
62
15.
8
59
4
16.
S
57
17.
8
54
4
IS.
8
52
19.
8
49
4
20.
8
47
1
21.
8
44
5
22.
8
42
2
23.
S
39
6
24.
8
37
2
2o.
8
34
7
28.
8
o2
4
27.
8
30
1
28.
8
27
6
29.
8
25
3
30.
8
23
1.
8
20
5
•A.
8
18
2
3.
8
15
1
4.
8
13
4
0.
8
11
1
C.
8
8
7
7.
8
6
4
8.
8
4
2
9.
8
1
7
10.
7
89
5
11.
7
87
3
12.
7
85
13.
7
82
6
14.
7
80
4
ir..
7
78
2
16.
7
75
7
17.
7
73
5
18.
7
71
4
dol. 9l)ths.
8ths.
48
1
47
7
47
6
47
5
47
4
47
3
47
2
47
1
46
7
46
6
46
5
46
4
46
2
46
1
45
7
45
6
45
5
45
4
45
3
45
o
45
1
45
44
6
44
5
44
4
44
3
44
2
44
1
44
43
6
43
5
43
4
43
3
43
2
43
1
43
42
7
42
6
42
5
42
4
42
3
42
1
42
648 PAYMENT OF LOANS.
1779.
dol.
90t'hs.
8 th
May 19.
7
69
2
20.
7
67
21.
7
64
6
22.
7
62
4
23.
7
60
3
24.
7
58
1
25.
7
55
7
26.
7
53
6
27.
7
51
4
28.
7
49
3
29.
7
47
1
30.
7
45
31.
7
42
7
June 1.
7
40
6
2
7
38
5
8.
7
36
4
4.
7
34
3
5.
7
32
2
6.
7
30
1
7.
7
28
8.
7
25
7
9.
7
23
7
10.
7
21
6
11.
7
19
5
12.
7
17
5
13.
7
15
4
14.
7
13
4
15.
7
11
3
16.
7
9
3
17.
7
7
3
18.
7
5
2
19.
7
3
2
20.
7
1
2
21.
6
89
2
22.
6
87
2
23.
C
85
2
24.
6
83
2
25.
6
81
2
26.
6
79
o
27.
77
2
28.
6
75
3
29.
6
73
3
30.
6
71
3
dol. 90ths.
8ths.
41
7
41
6
41
5
41
4
41
3
41
2
41
1
41
40
7
40
6
40
5
40
4
40
3
' 40
2
40
40
1
39
7
39
6
39
5
39
4
39
3
39
2
39
1
39
38
7
38
6
38
5
. 38
4
38
3
38
2
38
1
38
37
7
37
6
37
5
37
4
37
3
37
2
37
1
37
36
7
36
6
36
5
PAYMENT OF LOANS. 64&
1779.
dol.
90ths.
8ths.
July 1.
(i
69
4
o
(.;
67
4
3.
G
65
5
4.
G
63
5
5.
G
61
6
G.
6
59
6
7.
G
57
7
8.
6
56
9.
6
54
1
10.
G
52
1
11.
G
50
2
12.
G
48
13.
G
46
4
li.
6
44
5
15.
G
42
G
16.
C
40
7
17.
G
39
1
18.
G
37
2
19.
G
35
9
20.
G
33
4
21.
G
31
6
22.
G
29
7
23.
G
28
1
24.
6
26
2
25.
G
24
4
2C.
6
22
5
27.
G
20
1
28.
6
19
1
29.
G
17
30.
G
15
4
31.
6
13
6
Aug. 1.
6
12
2.
G
10
2
3.
6
8
4
4.
C
6
6
5.
6
5
6.
6
3
2
7.
6
1
4
8.
5
89
C
9.
5
88
10.
r.
86
3
11.
5
84
5
12.
5
82
7
dol. 90ths.
8th.s
36
4
36
3
36
2
36
1
36
1
36
35
6
35
5
35
5
35
4
35
3
35
2
35
35
1
35
34
7
34
6
34
5
34
4
34
â– >
34
2
34
1
34
33
7
33
4
33
6
33
6
33
4
33
o
33
2
33
2
33
33
32
7
32
6
32
5
32
4
32
4
32
3
32
2
32
1
32
31
7
650
i'AYMENT OF LOANS.
1779.
dol.
90ths.
SUis.
Aug. 13.
5
SI
2
14.
5
79
4
15.
5
77
7
16.
5
7f;
1
17.
5
74
3
18.
5
72
6
19.
5
71
1
20.
5
69
4
21.
5
67
6
22.
5
66
1
23.
5
64
4
24.
5
62
7
25.
5
61
o
26.
5
59
• -
27.
5
58
28.
5
56
o
29.
5
54
6
30.
5
53
1
31.
5
51
4
Sept. 1.
5
50
2.
5
48
3.
5
46
4.
5
44
5.
5
42
6.
5
40
1
7.
5
38
1
8.
5
36
1
9.
5
34
2
10.
5
32
2
11.
5
30
2
12.
5
28
3
13.
5
20
4
14.
5
24
5
15.
5
22
5
16.
5
20
6
17.
5
18
7
18.
5
17
19.
5
15
1
20.
5
13
3
21.
5
11
4
22.
5
9
5
23.
5
1
6
24.
5
5
1
dol. 9Uths.
Sths,
31
6
31
6
31
5
31
4
31
3
31
2
31
2
31
1
31
30
(
30
7
30
6
30
5
30
4
30
4
30
3
30
o
30
1
30
30
29
7
29
6
29
5
29
4
29
3
29
2
29
1
29
28
7
28
6
28
5
28
4
28
4
28
3
28
2
28
1
28
27
7
27
6
27
27
4
27
3
27
3
PAYMENT OF LOANS. 651
177^1. dol. OOths. Sths.
Sept.
Oct.
lij.
5
4
1
20.
5
o
2
27.
5
4
28.
4
88
5
29.
4
86
i
30.
4
85
1
1.
4
83
2.
4
81
4
'i.
4
79
6
4.
4
78
5.
4
76
o
6.
4
74
4
1 .
4
72
6
8.
4
71
9.
4
69
2
ic
4
67
5
11.
4
65
7
12.
4
64
1
13.
4
62
4
14.
4
60
6
15.
4
59
]
16.
4
57
3
17.
4
55
5
IS.
4
54
19.
4
52
z
20.
4
50
6
21.
4
49
1
22.
4
47
4
23.
4
45
7
24.
4
44
2
25.
4
42
5
26.
4
41
27.
4
39
3
28.
4
37
6
29.
4
36
1
30.
4
34
5
31.
4
33
4
31
4
4
29
7
3.
4
28
4
26
6
5
4
25
1
dol. 90ths.
Sths.
27
2
27
1
27
26
7
20
6
26
6
26
5
26
4
26
3
26
•7
26
1
26
26
25
7
25
6
25
5
25
4
25
4
25
3
24
fT
24
7
24
6
24
5
24
4
24
4
24
3
24
o
24
1
24
24
23
7
23
Nov. ]. 4 31 4 23 4
23 3
652 PAYMENT OP LOANS.
1779. dol. 90ths. 8ths.
Nov.
Dec.
6.
4
23
5
7.
4
22
1
8.
4
20
4
9.
4
19
10.
4
17
4
11.
4
16
12.
4
14
4
13.
4
13
14.
4
11
4
15.
4
10
16.
4
8
4
17.
4
7
18.
4
5
19.
4
4
1
20.
4
2
5
21.
4
1
2
22.
3
89
6
23.
3
88
2
24.
3
86
7
25.
3
85
4
26.
3
84
27.
3
82
5
28.
3
81
1
29.
3
79
6
30.
o
78
3
1.
3
77
2.
3
75
5
3.
3
74
2
4.
3
72
7
5.
3
71
4
6.
3
70
1
7.
3
68
6
8.
3
67
3
9.
3
66
10.
3
64
5
11.
o
63
3
12.
3
62
13.
3
60
5
14.
3
59
3
15
3
58
16.
3
5G
6
17.
3
55
3
IS.
3
54
1
dol. 90ths.
Stlis,.
23
22
7
22
6
22
5
22
5
22
4
22
4
22
3
22
2
22
1
22
22
21
7
21
6
21
6
21
5
21
4
21
3
21
3
21
o
21
1
21
1
21
21
20
7
20
6
20
5
20
5
20
4
20
3
20
3
20
2
20
2
20
1
20
19
7
19
7
19
6
19
6
19
5
19
4
19
3
19
3
PAYMENT OF LOANs.
653
1779.
dol.
90Lhs.
Sths.
Iw. 19.
3
52
6
2U.
3
51
4
21.
3
50
2
22.
2
48
7
23.
3
47
5
24.
3
40
3
25.
3
45
1
26.
3
43
7
27.
o
42
5
28.
3
41
3
29.
3
40
1
30.
3
38
7
31.
3
37
5
Jan. 1.
3
36
3
(1780.) 2.
o
35
1
3.
3
34
4.
3
32
6
5.
3
31
4
6.
o
30
2
7.
3
29
1
8.
o
28
9.
o
26
6
10.
3
25
4
11.
o
24
3
12.
3
23
1
13.
3
22
14.
o
20
7
15.
3
19
5
16.
3
18
4
17.
3
17
3
18.
3
16
19.
3
15
20.
o
13
7
21.
3
12
6
22.
3
11
5
23.
3
10
4
24.
9
3
25.
3
8
2
26.
:;
7
1
27.
3
6
2S.
3
4
7
29.
3
o
7
dol. 90t:hs.
8th6.
19
3
19
2
19
1
19
19
19
18
t
18
6
18
5
18
5
18
5
18
4
18
3
18
3
18
2
IS
2
18
2
18
1
18
18
17
7
17
6
17
6
17
5
17
5
17
4
17
3
17
3
17
3
17
2
17
1
17
1
17
16
7
16
7
16
6
16
5
16
5
16
5
16
4
16
3
16
3
654 PAYMENT OF LOANS.
1780.
dol.
90th s.
Sths.
Jan. 30.
3
2
6
31.
3
1
•J
Feb. 1.
3
5
2.
2
89
4
3.
2
SS
3
4.
2
87
o
5.
2
86
o
6.
2
85
1
7.
2
84
1
8.
2
83
9.
2
82
10.
2
81
11.
2
79
7
12.
2
78
7
13.
2
77
7
14.
2
76
6
15.
2
75
6
16.
1
74
6
17.
2
73
6
18.
2
72
6
19.
o
71
6
20.
2
70
5
21.
2
69
5
22
2
68
5
23.
2
67
5
24.
2
66
6
25.
2
65
6
26.
2
64
6
27.
2
63
6
28.
2
62
6
29.
2
61
6
March 1.
2
60
7
2.
2
59
7
3.
2
58
7
4.
2
58
5.
2
57
6.
2
56
7.
2
55
8.
2
54
1
9.
2
53
1
10.
o
52
1
11.
2
51
2
dol. 90ais.
Sill
16
2
16
•>
16
2
16
1
16
16
1.5
1
15
1
15
6
15
15
5
15
5
15
4
15
4
15
3
15
o
15
o
15
o
15
1
15
1
15
15
14
1
14
I
14
C,
14
14
5
14
5
14
5
14
4
14
3
14
2
14
o
14
o
14
'2
14
1
14
1
14
14
13
7
13
-
13
1
PAY.MICXT
178<i.
(lOl.
90th?.
Sths.
!\Iarc'i in
o
5U
2
13
o
49
.';
14
2
4S
4
K>
o
47
5
u;
2
4i;
G
IT
2
4r)
i
l.N
i:
â– i'<
1 1'" I.< 'ANH.
655
tiiihs
Sths
13
6
13>
U
13
5
13
5
13
4
13
4
13
4
Extract from the Minnies.
CHARI.ES LEE. Secretary.
flip'*
(656)
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DOIS'^TION
Military Tracts of Land
(;kantei) the soldiers
PENNSYLVANIA LINE
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THE PENNSYLVANIA LINE.
669
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EXPLANATIONS.
1st. No. 75, 200 A's, in the 1st district. There are two surveys,
one indorsed George North, Lt., which is entered on
the general draught. The other, Wm. McDonald, Serg't;
the latter is included in the former — they are both en-
tered in this book.
2nd. No. 1741, 200 A's, in the 1st district. The survey is in-
dorsed John Organ. Adm'r of Matthew Organ, dec'd, on
the general draft this indorsement stands reversed.
3d. Nos. 182 & 3 of 250 A's, in District No. 2 are entered from
the indorsement on the General Draft. From erasures
and alterations in the returns, it appears that a mis-
take was committed in Patenting. See Record Book
No. 41, pages 3 and 332. Elias Williams Donation.
4th. No. 763, in the 4th district. There are two surveys — one
indorsed Robt. Parker, Capt'n Lt., 2Sth Feb'y, 1794,
which is entered on the General Draft. The other,
John Whiteman, priv., 14th Sept., 1790. Mich'l Hinder-
liter, Ass'e. Whiteman's is indorsed in Parker's return.
5th. No. 1161, in the 6th District. There are two surveys —
one indorsed Henry Miller, priv., 19th Oct., 1786 (which
appears to be the general return). The other. Michael
Irick. 23rd May, 1801; the latter is enclosed in the
former. They are both entered en the General Draft.
6th. No. 1984, in the 10th district. There are two surveys —
the one indorsed John Wise, 25th June. 1804, which cor-
responds with the entry on the General Draft. From
a note on this survey it appears that the genuine return,
which was patented to Jno. Cummings, bad been lost —
this is now found. Both are filed in their proper places.
IN THE SECOND DISTRICT.
The numbers marked thus, S., are in what is called the
Struck District.
Those marked thus. N. Y., are in the State of New York.
Those marked thus. Pt. N. Y., are part in New York and
part in Pennsylvania.
Those marked thus, "Triangle," are in the Triangle.
INDEX.
Page.
AUisun. James, accounts of 14i!
Ashton, Capt. William, company fines &•'
Beavor, Capt. Jacob, company tines, HI
Behny, Cai>t. Melchior, company fineb, 1^7
Bell. Capt. Arthur, company tines 154,157
Bonner, Cai)l. P"'rancis. company fines, 51,75,77
Bowman. Capt. George, company fines 1»*-
Bradley, Cai»t. Daniel, company fines 150,155, 157,158
Brown, Capt. Michael, cnmpany fines 150
Cable, [Gable] Capt. IJenjamin, company fines 51,74
Campbell. Charles, acctmnts of 131
Campbell, Capt. Robert, company fines 86, f>7
Carl, Capt. Michael, company fines ^l
Claie. Capt. Simon, company fines, i"l
Clunie, Capt. James, company fines, 159
Cochran. Cajit. Samur-l. company fines, 154.155, 158,159
Cochran. "\\'illiam. accounts of, 127
Colmery. Cai't. John, company fines 86,87
Comfort, Cajit. Jacob, company fines 05, !-7
Cook, Edward, accounts of 1--
Coombe, Edward, accounts of, 29, ."1
Coulston, Capt. William, company fines 74,76,81
Crain, Capt. Ambrose, company fines 150
Culbertson, Robert, accounts of, ?2
Davidson, Hugh, accounts of 27
Dickson, James, accounts of 8;l
Dill. Matthew, accounts of 67. SO
Dodds, Capt. William, company fines 4S, 7;;, 76. 79
Ehrman, Card. John, company fines 65,97.108
Elliot, Capt. James, company fines 87. 8.S
Ensminper, Cajit. I'eter, company fines 151,152
Ford, Capt. Peter, company fines 97,212
Foreman, Capt. Andrew, company fines 91
Fry, Capt. Godfrey, company fines 112
Giestman Capt. , cmipany fines 98
GouM, Capt. Thomas, company fines 77.81
Hahii, Capt. Michael, company fines 65.97,114
( 797 )
79S INDEX.
Page,
Hays, Christopher, accounts of 1-7
Hays, Capt. Patrick, company lines, 15S, ]59
Henning, Capt. Mathias, company fines loS, 157
Herbach, Capt. Yost, company fines 109
Higher, Capt. Jacob, company fines 110
Holderbaum, Capt. Michael, company fines lol
Holliday, William, accounts uf, 27
Immel, Capt. Leonard, company fines 154
Johnston, Cajit. William, company fines, 154
Koppenhaver, Capt. Simon, company fines 97,108
Krause, Capt. David, company fines 151
Lauman, Capt. Christopher, company fines 113
Liggett, Capt. Alexander, company fines, 113
Lame. Capt. Michael, company fines 154,158,159
Long. Capt. George, company fines 113
Lower, Capt. George, company fines 150
Lochry, Archibald, accounts of 117
McAllister, Richard, accounts of 39
McCallen, Capt. Robert, company fines 150,151,159
McClean, Alexander, accounts of 131
McClure, Capt. Jonathan, company fines 354
Mcllvain, Capt. John, company fines 88
McKee, Capt. Robert, company fines 155. 159
McMasters, Capt. John, company fines 7S. 79, SI
McMullan, Capt. George, company fines, 154
McQueen, Capt. David, company fines 155, 159
Marshall, James, accounts of, 139
Martin, James, accounts of 30, 33
May, Capt. David, company fines 4P, 77, 81
Meily, Capt. Jacob, company fines 152,153,157
Moore, Capt. Henrj', company fines &1
Morrison, Hance, accounts of, 54
Nisbet, Capt. Alexander, company fines 72,75,78,81
O'Blaines, Capt. John, company fines 52, 74, 76
Orth, Capt. John, company fines 151
Orth, Capt. Balzer. company fines, 155
Parker, William, accounts of 143
Parkinson, Capt. James, company fines 50, 53, 72
Patterson, Capt. Andrew, company fines, 87
Pawley. Capt. , company fines, 98
Pennington. Capt. — , company fines. ...] 97
Perry. James, accounts of 125
Piper. John, accounts of, 23
Pollock. James, accounts of 126
\
INDEX. 7?0
Page.
Pollock. Caiit. Joseph, company fines S6, 87
Rankin, Caiil. Jrihn. comijany tines 53
Reighard. Capi. .lolm. i<"impany fines 158
Ritchie. Matth^â– \v. accounts of 143
Robinson. Capt. -. c.inipan\- tines, 159
Scott. William. a(^ounts oi 5S
Shaffer, ("aiit. John, rnniiianj" tines 49
Shaeffer. I'ajit. Henr\ , '"nipany fines 153,154
Sherrer, Caiit. John, company fines 97
SheiTetz. Capt. Conrad, i-ompany fines 91
Shouffler. Capt. Valentin-, company fines 158
Speect . Capt. Peter, c^miiany fines 77,78,81
Stevenson, Robert, accmints of : 4C
Steever, Capt. Casper, company fines 155
Stockton. Capt. David, company fines, 87
Stone, Capt. John, company fines 155
Swan, Capt. Richard, cumpan\- fines, 158
T'i'e. Thomas, accounts of 26
Wall, Capt. William, company fines 110
White. Cap't. Thomas, company fines 97
Williams, Capt. Daniel, company fines 48, 74
Wills. ('ai>t. Martin, company fines 91
Wilson. ( 'ai^t. Andrew, company fines, 76
Wilson, ('apt. Da\id. company fines 74
Wilson. Capt. James, company fines 150
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