Story of the records, D.A.R.

UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH

Darlington Aleinorial Ijibrar^

Story of the Records
D. A. R.

by

Mary S. Lockwood

and
Emily Lee Sherwood

(MRS. W. H. RAGAN)

There is always room and occasion enough for a true book on any
subject." — Thoreau.

WASHINGTON, D. C
1906

MARY S. LOCKWOOD.

Dedication

TO THE FIFTY THOUSAND DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN

REVOLUTION THIS VOLUME IS MOST CORDIALLY

AND SINCERELY DEDICATED BY THE

AUTHORS, AS A LABOR OF

LOVE.

Copyrighted 1906

by

Mary S. Lockwood

and

Emily Lee Sherwood Ragan

Published by

GEORGE E. HOWARD

Washington, D. C.

Contents
Part 1

CHAPTER I.
Organization.

CHAPTER H.
Incidents following organization.

CHAPTER HI.
Reminiscences of the first D. A. R. Continental Congress.

CHAPTER IV.
Insignia.

CHAPTER V.
Personnel and Work of Board of Managers.

CHAPTER VI.
Department Work.

CHAPTER VII.
Patriotic Work of the Society.

CHAPTER VIII.
Memorial Continental Hall.

CHAPTER IX.
The Presidents General.

CHAPTER X.
The Louisiana Purchase Exposition.

Contents
Part 2

Chapter History

CHAPTER I.
Massachusetts.

CHAPTER H.
Connecticut.

CHAPTER HI.
Rhode Island: New Hampshire: Vermont: Maine.

CHAPTER IV.
New York.

CHAPTER V.
New Jersey : Pennsylvania : Delaware : Maryland.

CHAPTER VI.
District of Columbia.

CHAPTER VII.
Georgia: North and South Carolina.

CHAPTER VIII.
Virginia.

CHAPTER IX.
Kentucky: Tennessee.

CHAPTER X.
Ohio : Indiana : Illinois.

CHAPTER XL

Missouri: Montana: Kansas: Nebraska: Colorado: Arizona:

Arkansas.

CHAPTER XII.

California: Washington: Alaska: Minnesota: Iowa:
Michigan: Wisconsin.

CHAPTER XIII.

Texas: Louisiana: New Mexico: Alabama: Mississippi:
North Dakota: South Dakota: Florida.

CHAPTER XIV.
The Islands of the Sea — Membership at Large.

CHAPTER XV.
National Society Children American Revolution.

Illustrations

Part 1

Mary S. Lockwood Frontispiece Facing

Plate Page

Application Papers 2 23

Facsimile of the Eighteen First Signers 3 24

Copies of Society's Seal 4 26

Photograph of Mrs. Darling's Letter of Resigna-
tion 5 29

Cuts of Insignia 6 40

Copies of Medals 7 42

Memorial Continental Hall 8 74

Mrs. Harrison's Portrait, First President General, 9 90

The Huntington Portrait 10 92

Mrs. Stevenson, Second President General 11 94

Mrs. Foster, Third President General 12 96

Mrs. Manning, Fourth President General 13 98

Mrs. Fairbanks, Fifth President General 14 102

Mrs. McLean, Sixth President General 15 104

Part 2

Emily Lee Sherwood Ragan Frontispiece 16 115

Sarah Bradley Memorial 17 128

Ellsworth House 18 146

Colonial Ball, Buffalo 19 166

Carrying Place 20 174

Tablet Soldiers and Sailors, Onondago 21 180

Monmouth Monument 22 184

Paulus Hook Monument 23 186

Fort Pitt Block House 24 198

Narcisus Whitman Fountain 25 288

An Army of Two 26 308

Foreword

I IFTEEN years have elapsed since the organiza-
tion of the Society of the Daughters of the
American Revolution. Four of the eighteen
women organizers — descendants of patriotic
sires — have already passed away. The authors
of this book are of the remaining survivors. One, at whose
house the organization was perfected, has continually been
in close touch with the Society, having held responsible
official positions therein, from the beginning; while the
other, scarcely less conspicuous and well-known, gave to
the world, through the medium of the Press, the first public
announcement of its existence as an organization, in the
Sunday Herald of Washington, D. C, October i6, 1890.
And as this society has since achieved such phenomenal
prominence among patriotic associations, the writers have
assumed that these golden opportunities have fitted them
for the task, although to tell the straight and simple story
of the birth, development and steady growth of this splendid
organization, is not an easy one. In making this transcript,
it has seemed necessary to divide the Records into two parts.
The First relating to Organization, and the events that have
signalized the life of the National Society ; while the Second
is devoted to Chapter History, exclusively, or the historic
work that has been undertaken and accomplished. There
has been such an embarrassment of riches to draw from,
it will not be surprising if some of the good things
worthy of mention have been inadvertently over-
looked. Therefore, for whatever may be lacking, the authors
crave the readers' indulgence, since they have only under-
taken to write from their point of view, based upon Society
Records, without prejudice; withholding nothing which
they considered necessary to a complete review of all the
data. They now offer this volume to the reader, fully be-
lieving that a careful perusal of its pages will not be dis-
appointing to the searcher for facts.

Mary S. Lock wood.
Emily Lee Sherwood Ragan.
Washington, D. C, January 7, 1906.

The Publisher's Word

One word about the authors and their claims to credi-
bihty. The "Story of the Records" is the collaboration of
two vigorous and well-known writers of Washington,
D. C, both of whom are Charter members of the National
Society: both signers on the day of organization, October
II, 1890. One of them, Mrs. Mary S. Lockwood, Hon-
orary Vice President General for life, was the first His-
torian General of the Society, and has had official relation
with the Board of Management in some capacity ever since,
and was the one to whom was awarded a special "Service
Medal," than which, in the estimation of mankind, there
can be no greater public recognition. At the time of the
organization of this society Mrs. Lockwood was a member
of the Board of Lady Managers of the Worlds Columbian
Exposition, through the recommendation of President
Benjamin Harrison. She is author of "Historic Homes of
Washington" and "Hand Book of Ceramic Art." The
other, Mrs. Emily Lee Sherwood Ragan, is the author of
a Washington story, Willis Peyton's Inheritance, favor-
ably known in the literary circles of the Capital City, where
she also for several years was engaged in journalism. She
it was, who gave the first intimation of the Society's exist-
ence to the Press, and was appointed as the "OMcial Cor-
respondent"- of the organization for over a year of that
initial period. This "Story of the Records" is the first
complete history of the D. A. R. Society ever offered to the
public, and it must become the Reference book for all
future Society Historians. Therefore ; for these, and many
other reasons, the Publishers feel justified in making un-
usual claims for the merit of the forthcoming book.

Geo. E. Howard, Publisher.

Washington, D. C, September i, 1906.

CHAPTER I.

THE ORGANIZATION.

HE National Society of the Daughters of the
American Revokition was organized in what
was then the home of Mrs. Mary S. Lockwood,
"The Strathmore Arms," 8io Twelfth Street,
N. W., Washington, D. C, October ii, 1890,
at two o'clock in the afternoon.

The inception of the great patriotic movement which
called forth the letter entitled "Women worthy of honor"
which appeared in the Washington Post, July 13, 1890,
from the pen of Mrs. Lockwood, was inspired by reading
the account of a meeting of the Sons of the American
Revolution held in Washington, July nth.

From the addresses of that evening she quoted in this
letter from Senator Sherman's speech, in which he ap-
proved of any movement that would perpetuate the
memories of the heroes of the Revolution, and hailed with
pleasure the presence of women in the meeting (although
these were not "Daughters" with the "Sons") "but", he said,
"They might not have done any fighting", forgetting Deb-
orah Sampson, Moll Pitcher, and the women of Pepperill
Bridge, etc. — "but they kept the farm going — raised
the crops that fed the army — spun the yarn and wove the
cloth that clothed the soldiers — looked after the homes and
the children — kept the country alive, and it is most fitting
that women should be present here to-night to help in com-
memorating the names of the Sires of the Revolution."

Mrs. Lockwood read the account of this meeting with in-
terest and criticism. She took up her pen, — ^the duties of
the morning were put aside, the leaven of patriotism had
begun its work. "If this be the case," she asked (and she
knew it was the truth) "why do men and women band

14 S t or y of the Re c 0 r ds

themselves to create a one-sided patriotism? If these were
true patriotic women, why is not the patriotism of the
country broad and just enough to commemorate the names
of women also ? — were there no mothers in the Revolution ;
no dames as well as sires whose memories should be com-
memorated?" She then appealed to her country-women to
come forward bringing the names of heroines known to
them, that their names should be placed on a roll of honor.

After her strong appeal she began by giving the story
of Hannah Arnett, which she said was a true story of the
Revolution, having been authenticated by one of her own
kin, Henrietta H. Holdrich, and which, Mrs. Lockwood
said, could be multiplied with scores of instances of similar
patriotism displayed by v/omen.

The following is the story of Hannah Arnett that ap-
peared in the Washington Post, July 13, 1890:

"The days were dark and hopeless, the hearts of our
fore-fathers were heavy and cast down. Deep, dark
despondency had settled upon them. Defeat after defeat
had overtaken our army until it was demoralized, and des-
pair had taken possession of them. Lord Cornwallis, after
his victory at Fort Lee, had marched his army to Elizabeth-
town, New Jersey, and there encamped. This was in that
memorable December, 1776. The Howe brothers had al-
ready issued their celebrated proclamation, that offered pro-
tection to all that would seek refuge under the British flag
within sixty days, declare themselves British subjects, and
take an oath binding themselves not to take up arms against
the mother country or induce others to do so.

"In one of the many spacious homes of the town, there
had assembled a goodly number of the foremost men of the
time to discuss the feasibility of accepting the proffered
proclamation.

"For hours the council went on, the arguments were
sincere, grave but faltering. Some thought that the time
had fully come to accept the clemency offered — others shook
their heads, but the talk went on until every soul in the
room had become of one mind, and courage, bravery, patri-

Story of the Records 15

otism, hope, honor, all were swept away by the flood-tide
of disaster.

"There was one listener from whom the council had not
heard. In an adjoining room sat Hannah Arnett, the wife
of the host. She had listened to the debate, and when the
final vote was reached she could no longer restrain her-
self. She sprang to her feet and, throwing open the parlor
door, in her womanly majesty confronted that group of
councilors.

"Picture a large room with a low ceiling, furnished with
the heavily-carved furniture of those days, dimly lighted by
wax candles, and a fire in a huge fire-place. Around a
table sat a group of anxious, disheartened, discouraged-
looking men. Before them stood the fair dame in the an-
tique costume of the day. Imagination will picture her
stately bearing as she entered into their august presence. The
indignant scorn upon her lips, the flash of her blue eyes,
her commanding figure and dignified presence brought
every man to his feet.

"Consternation and amazement for the moment ruled
supreme. The husband advanced toward her, shocked and
chagrined that his wife had so forgotten herself that she
should come into the midst of a meeting where politics and
the question of the hour were being discussed. He would
shield her now. The reproof he would give later on ; and
so he was quickly at her side, and, whispering, said to her:

" 'Hannah ! Hannah ! this is no place for you. We do
not want you here just now.'

"He would have led her from the room.

"She was a mild, amiable woman, and was never known
to do aught against her husband's wishes, and if she saw
him now she made no sign, but turned upon the astonished
group.

" 'Have you made your decision, gentlemen?' she asked.
'I stand before you to know ; have you chosen the part of
men or traitors?'

"It was a direct question, but the answer was full of
sophistry, explanation, and excuse:

i6 Story of the Records

" 'The case is hopeless ; the army is starving, half
clothed and undisciplined, repulsed everywhere. We are
ruined and can stand out no longer against England and
her unlimited resources.'

"Mrs. Arnett, in dignified silence, listened until they had
finished, and then she asked: 'But what if we should live
after all?'

"Hannah ! Hannah !' said her husband in distress. 'Do
you not see that these are no questions for you? We are
doing what is best for you — for all. Women have no share
in these topics. Go to your spinning-wheel and leave us
to settle afifairs. My good little wife you are making your-
self ridiculous. Do not expose yourself in this way before
our friends.'

"Every word he uttered was to her as naught. Not a
word had she heard ; not a quiver of the lip or tremor of an
eye-lash. But in the same strangely sweet voice she asked :
'Can you tell me if, after all, God does not let the right
perish, if America should win in the conflict, after you
have thrown yourself on British clemency, where will you
be then?'

" 'Then,' said one, 'we should have to leave the country.
But that is too absurd to think of in the condition our
country and our army is.'

" 'Brothers,' said Mrs. Arnett, 'you have forgotten one
thing which England has not, and which we have — one
thing which outweighs all England's treasures, and that
is the right. God is on our side, and every volley of our
muskets is an echo of His voice. We are poor, and weak,
and few, but God is fighting for us ; we entered into this
struggle with pure hearts and prayerful lips ; we had
counted the cost and were willing to pay the price, were
it in our heart's blood. And now — now because for a time
the day is going against us, you would give up all, and
sneak back like cravens to kiss the feet that have trampled
upon us. And you call yourselves men — the sons of those
who gave up home and fortune and fatherland to make for
themselves and for dear liberty a resting place in the
wilderness ! Oh, shame upon you cowards !'

Story of the Records ly

" 'Gentlemen,' said Mr. Arnett, with an anxious look on
his face. 'I beg you to excuse this most unseemly inter-
ruption to our council. My wife is beside herself, I think.
You all know her, and know it is not her wont to meddle
in politics, or to bawl and bluster. To-morrow she will see
her folly, but now I pray your patience.'

"Her words had already begun to arouse the little man-
hood remaining in their bosoms, but not a word was spoken.
She had turned the light of her soul upon them, and in
the reflection they saw photographed their own littleness
of purpose or want of manly resolve.

"She still talked on: 'Take your protection if you will;
proclaim yourselves traitors and cowards, false to your
God! but horrible will be the judgment you will bring upon
your heads and the heads of those that love you. I tell you
that England will never conquer. I know it, and feel it in
every fibre of my heart. Has God led us so far to desert
us now? Will he who led our fathers across the stormy,
wintry sea forsake His children, who have put their trust
in Him? For me, I stay with my country, and my hand
shall never touch the hand nor my heart cleave to the heart
of him who shames her.'

"While these words were falling from her lips she stood
before them like a tower of strength, and, turning toward
her husband, she gave him a withering look that sent a
shock through every fibre of his body. Continuing, she
said : 'Isaac, we have lived together for twenty years, and
through all of them I have been to you a true and loving
wife ; but I am the child of God and my country, and if
you do this shameful thing I will never own you again as
my husband.'

" 'My dear wife !' answered Isaac, excitedly, 'you do not
know what you are saying. Leave me for such a thing as
this?'

" 'What greater cause could there be ?' answered the in-
jured wife. T married a good man and true, a faithful
friend, and it needs no divorce to sever me from a traitor
2

i8 Story of the Records

and a coward. If you take your protection you lose your
wife, and I — I lose my husband and my home.'

"The scornful words uttered in such earnestness ; the
pathetic tones in which these last words were spoken;
the tears that dimmed her sad blue eyes, appealed to the
heart of every man before her. They were not cowards
all through, but the panic sweeping over the land had
caught them also.

"A latent courage, put on a new activity : Manliness re-
newed its strength in strong resolutions.

"Before these men left the house of Hannah Arnett that
night every man had resolved to spurn the offered amnesty,
and had taken a solemn oath to stand by their country
through good days and bad, until freedom was written over
the face of their fair land.

"There are names of men who fought for their country
and won distinction afterward, who were in this secret
council, but the name of Hannah Arnett figures on no roll
of honor.

"Where will the 'Sons and Daughters of the Revolution'
place Hannah Arnett?"

In consideration of the awakened interest throughout the
land by this letter, Mrs. Walworth in her article on the
"Origin of the Society" in the July number of the American
Monthly, page 115, Vol. III. 1893, said: "This letter may
be said to have awakened the inspiration that resulted in
the founding of the Society." Again, on page 125, she
said, "It is true Mrs. Lockwood blew the first blast to
arouse the Daughters to the memory of their mothers."

In the May number of the American Monthly Magazine
1897, page 859, Miss Mary Desha in Congress said,
"Madam Chairman, the first word that was ever said for
this Society by any woman was said by Mrs. Lockwood —
Mrs. Lockwood wrote a letter giving an account of Hannah
Arnett, and called on the women of the country to organize"
***** "Mrs. Lockwood was the one who sounded
the bugle call for us to organize."

Miss Eugenia Washington in the paper "Our History,"

Story of the Records 19

prepared and read at the meeting of the Daughters at the
Atlanta Exposition, said :

"In the meantime unknown to me as I was then unknown
to her, a patriotic woman at Washington was aroused, it
seems by the action of the "Sons" at a subsequent meeting
held in Washington in July, confirming the Louisville de-
cision excluding ladies from their Society, and July 13
she published in the Washington Post a strong article on
the bravery and patriotism of a woman of the Revolution,
entitled "Women Worthy of Honor" — giving the story of
Hannah Arnett. The writer of that article was the Chair-
man of your Committee on Programme today, and the
Editor of our Magazine — Mrs. Mary S. Lockwood." * * *
"Among those who read this forceful article was Mr. Wm.
O. McDowell of Newark. N. J., who fourteen months pre-
viously had assisted in organizing the Sons of the American
Revolution in New York. This gentleman it appears had
from the first favored the admission of women into the
Society of Sons, and failing in that had for some time con-
templated issuing a call to the patriotic women of the land
having the blood of Revolutionary heroes in their veins,
offering to assist them in forming a "Woman's Society."

"Upon reading Mrs. Lockwood's article, Mr. McDowell
was stimulated anew to the carrying out of his original
design and immediately wrote to the Washington Post a
letter embodying his idea, and concluding with a formal call
for the organization of the Daughters of the American
Revolution. This was published in the Post, July 21,
eight days after Mrs. Lockwood's letter."

The above paper of Miss Washington's was published in
the American Monthly Magazine, December, 1895. Page

493-

The letter of Mrs. Lockwood, as we have said, appeared
in the Washington Post, Sunday, July 13. Tuesday
morning's mail brought to her a letter from Miss Mary
Desha, offering to co-operate with her in the organizing of
a society of Daughters of the American Revolution. With-
in a week they met and talked over the possibilities of such

20 Story of the Records

a society. The second time they met Mrs. Lockwood
named several of her friends, who were eligible and who
would join such a society — and their names, seven of them,
are enrolled with the charter members.

At that time Miss Desha spoke of two women who ought,
from their names, to be eligible — they were strangers to
both Mrs. Lockwood and Miss Desha. Miss Desha said
she would call on them and place the matter before them —
those names were Miss Eugenia Washington and Mrs.
Ellen Hardin Walworth. Therefore, it is apparent that
Miss Desha, in accord with Mrs. Lockwood, presented the
subject to these women and Miss Desha brought them into
the society.

The summer months were not auspicious for work and
organization. There was, therefore, a tacit understanding
that each should work in her own way and procure as many
names as possible of those who were eligible, and in the
autumn the organization of the National Society should
take place. This assertion is verified by Miss Eugenia
Washington in her paper "Our History" — Page 495, De-
cember, 1895, American Monthly.

A letter was received from Wm. O. McDowell by Mrs.
Lockwood in which he thanked her for having resurrected
the name of his ancestor, Hannah Arnett, expressing his
interest in the projected organization and offering his
services if needed. Mrs. Lockwood with others were
grateful to Mr. McDowell and many other Sons for the
interest manifested, but did not approve his taking the
matter into his own hands and precipitating a call to organ-
ize ; they saw no necessity for soliciting aid in organizing.
Women have been proven to be most capable organizers in
many instances, and as women were placed outside the pale
by the Sons, this seemed to be the supreme moment for an
organization purely of women by women. Later, when he
applied for membership in the Society, his application was
declined.

Interest in the project grew. There were several in-
formal meetings during the summer, and much corres-

Story of the Records 21

pondence. At one of these meetings at Mrs. Lockwood's
both of the writers of this book were present, and both are
enrolled among the eighteen original signers on the day
of the organization. There was another meeting held at
Mrs. Knowlton Brown's on K Street, where fifteen patri-
otic women were present. These were all understood to
be merely preliminary meetings to enthuse the public mind.
In Miss Washington's paper entitled "Our History," above
referred to is the following paragraph:

"Quite a general discussion of the subject in hand en-
sued at this meeting at Mrs. Brown's, but owing to the
small attendance, only fifteen, we decided to defer any
formal action until fall, when 'everyone' would be back in
town again."

This is in accord with Mrs. Lockwood's statement of the
general understanding. Following the meeting at Mrs.
Brown's it seems another meeting was called by Mrs. E.
Hardin Walworth in her apartments, August 9. On ac-
count of a storm only three were present, — Mrs. W^alworth,
Miss Washington, and Miss Desha. It later de-
veloped that at this meeting they appointed several
to office, including themselves. It is not our pro-
vince to write in detail of those informal meetings,
as they were not recognized on the day of organization;
but rather to give the history of the organization of the
National Society Daughters of the American Revolution,
which was October 11, 1890.

Early in September a letter was received by Mrs. Lock-
wood from Mrs. Flora Adams Darling, then at Culpeper,
Va., asking if she would like to have her come to her home
and help in the organization of the National Society
Daughters of the American Revolution. Mrs. Darling,
upon invitation of Mrs. Lockwood, came to her home and
the labor of organization was soon begun.

For six weeks the work went efficiently forward. By
correspondence and personal visits, Mrs. Darling enthused
many in the new enterprise. By frequent meeting and con-
sultation with those most interested from the beginning,

22 Story of the Records

October ii, 1890, the anniversary of the day Columbus
sighted land, was the day fixed upon for the formal organi-
zation of the Society, and Mrs. Darling sent out the in-
vitations. The auspicious morning came. Everything was
working harmoniously and well. All things went merry as
a marriage bell — except that there was no candidate for the
Presidency.

On the morning of the eleventh, not three hours before the
meeting came to order, Mrs. Benjamin Harrison called at
the door of Mrs. Lockwood's home, sent her genealogy in
by her niece, Mrs. Dimmick, the present Mrs. Harrison,
written on plain paper in the hand writing of her father,
Dr. Scott, and asked how much of it would be needed for
her papers. Mrs. Lockwood indicated that the record
should go down to John Scott of the Revolution, and
urged that her application papers be filled out and sent in
to the organizing meeting that afternoon. Mrs. Harrison
gave very decided personal reasons why she preferred to
delay joining the Society, but promised later that her papers
would be presented. Mrs. Lockwood then urged
her to accept the Presidency. At first her words were
unavailing. When, at last, the assurance was given
Mrs. Harrison that some one would be elected to relieve
her of arduous duties, she consented to let her name be
put in nomination, exacting the promise of Mrs. Lockwood,
that if there was one dissenting vote she would withdraw
her name.

There was joy in that "upper room" where women and
men were arranging the preliminaries for the afternoon
meeting, when the fact was announced that Mrs. Harrison
had consented to let her name be used as President, if the
meeting so desired. A fac-simile of Mrs. Harrison's papers
will show the date when they were sent in, the date on
which they were accepted; and the names of the National
ofiicers who signed them. (See Mrs. Harrison's applica-
tion papers.)

Mr. McDowell had also been in correspondence with
Mrs. Darling, offering assistance when needed. He, also,
provided a copy of the Sons' Constitution.

APPLICATION FOR MEMBERSHIP.

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AUTHORJ-EY

e Registrar G«erfli of the national SoctM/.

TO THE BOARD OF MANAGERS OF

Society of the Daughters of the American Kevklitiox.

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Story of the Records 23

Another visitor of much significance to the Society that
morning, was a representative from the New York
Sons, Mr. Wilson L. Gill, bringing greetings and advice.
The Sons admonished the Daughters, through Mr. Gill,
not to organize like the Sons, into State organizations,
but upon a broad National plan. The Sons' form of Con-
stitution was put aside and the constitution the Society did
organize under was drawn up by Mr. Gill. It is to the
advice of this representative of the New York Sons that
there are no State organizations to-day ; and it is to the
fact that there was from the start a National organization
that the Daughters owe their phenomenal success. The
original copy of the Constitution, in Mr. Gill's handwriting
is still extant.

At two o'clock of October 11 the parlors of the Strath-
more Arms were filled with women interested in the move-
ment. Several Sons of the District were present, and two
from New York. Mr. Wm. O. McDowell was invited to
preside.

When the time came for the nomination of officers, Mrs.
Benjamin Harrison was nominated for President General
and unanimously elected. The other officers were elected
in the following order :

Vice-President General in charge of organization of
Chapters : Mrs. Flora Adams Darling.

Vice-presidents general : Mrs. David D. Porter, Mrs. Mary
Virginia Ellet Cabell, (Vice-Presidents General Presiding),
Miss Mary Desha, Mrs. Henry V. Boynton, Mrs. A. W.
Greely. Mrs. Lelia Dent St. Clair, Mrs. G. Browne Goode,
Mrs. William C. Winlock, Mrs. Wm. Earle.

Secretaries general : Mrs. Ellen Hardin Walworth, Mrs.
William E. Earl, (succeeded by Miss S. P. Breckenridge.)

Treasurer general : Mrs. Marshall McDonald.

Registrars general: Miss Eugenia Washington, Mrs. A.
Howard Clarke.

Historian general : Mrs. Mary S. Lockwood.

Surgeon general: Miss Clara Barton.

Chaplain general: Mrs. Teunis S. Hamlin.

24 Story of the Records

The meeting was a most enthusiastic one. Before the
meeting closed eighteen names were enrolled for member-
ship. These names appear on the accompanying facsimile
of the record. Eleven of these persons paid their dues and
became members at that meeting. At the close of that
golden afternoon the Society had been launched with thirty-
three dollars in the Treasury. The most sanguine of those
early workers could hardly have hoped for a growth so
phenomenal as that which characterizes this society at the
end of fifteen years, which has an enrolled membership of
over 55,000.

It was determned that day that the Society should not only
be National, but its headquarters should be in Washington ;
and that the head of the organization should be a woman
of National repute.

An advisory board of gentlemen was elected, all being
Sons of the American Revolution: their names were as
follows : Dr. G. Browne Goode, Chairman ; William C.
Winlock, Wm. O. McDowell, Henry V. Boynton, Gen.
Marcus J. Wright, and Wilson L. Gill. This Board was
enlarged in 1891 by the election of three others, Sons of the
Revolution.

Before the meeting was closed those present resolved
to use their minds, their hearts, and their means to per-
petuate the memory of the spirit of the men and women
who achieved American Independence ; to encourage
patriotism, and engender the spirit of Americanism ; to
teach patriotism by erecting monuments and protecting
historical spots, by observing historical anniversaries, by
promoting the cause of education, especially the study of
history, the enlightenment of our foreign population, and all
that makes for good citizenship, — especially emphasizing
education as the great National obligation, the Country's
duty to the children who will some day be the rulers of the
Nation ; by the preservation of documents and relics, and
of the records of the individual services of soldiers and
patriots. The first work suggested at this time was the
raising of funds for the Mary Washington Monument As-

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FAC-SIMII,1'] OF THE EICIITEEX FIRST SIGNERS.

Story of tJic Records 25

sociation — of which about three- fourths of the $11,000 was
given by the Daug^hters. How faithfully they have carried
out and fulfilled these resolutions, the following record of
events will tell.

There was an adjourned meeting held at Mrs. Cabell's
October 18, 1890. At this meeting the dark blue and
white of Washington's Staff was chosen for the Society's
colors. The first motto, suggested by Mrs. Walworth, was
Amor Patrice. This was changed December i, 1890, to
"Home and Country," at the wish of Mrs. Darling.

A seal came up next for consideration. Miss Mary
Desha proposed a woman seated at the spinning wheel to
correspond to the man at the plow, which figures on the
seal of the Sons' Society. The first drawing of the seal
was by Wilson L. Gill — it has since been twice modified.
Its several stages may be seen on plate No. 4.

?^'^

CHAPTER 11.

INCIDENTS FOLLOWING ORGANIZATION.

ONSIDERABLE interest, if not curiosity, had
been aroused in the community on account of
the organization of the Society of the Daugh-
ters of the American Revolution, and questions
such as these were frequently asked of the most
active in the movement, — "What is it for?" "Who is
eligible?" "Is it intended to build up an aristocracy?"
Other observers were critical, and prophesied a speedy
dissolution. Thus it soon became evident to the "Vice Pre-
sident Presiding," Mrs. Wm. D. Cabell, in the absence of
the President General, Mrs. Benjamin Harrison, and to
the Board of Managers, that something must speedily be
done, to bring this organization before the public in such a
way as to make it clear there was a vitality and enthusiasm
in it based upon American ideas of patriotism. To this end
the "Board" thought and planned for a grand reception as
the best way to give the new Society that social prestige,
so necessary to anything emanating from the City of Wash-
ington.

February 22, 1891, a reception was given to the
Society by Mrs. Cabell, at her residence. Washington is
noted for the magnificence with which such occasions are
surrounded, but none had surpassed this one — in its per-
sonnel or in the beauty of its appointments.

Mrs. Harrison received the Society and its guests. This
occasion was the first in the history of the Society when
"Minute Men," in Continental dress of buff and blue, acting
as an escort, formed a double line through which the guests
passed to the receiving party, adding greatly to the scenic
effect produced by flags and bunting, flowers and palms.
There were stirring speeches and patriotic music. In the

NO. 3.
COPIES OF THE SOCIETY'S SEAL.

Story of the Records 27

supper room the colors of the Society were reproduced in
flowers and decorations, and everything was done to arouse
pride in heroic, national ancestry, that alone gave the right
of entrance to the new organization.

The story of this reception in Washington, marked by
the spirit of patriotism in speech and song, reached to the
farther ends of the country, and success was assured. Soon
the beacon lights of patriotism were saluting each other
from hill-top to hill-top — the fire caught in the valleys and
crossed the rivers until the Nation was awakened with a
new light. Newspapers took up the cry and sent the intel-
ligence over the land. "Application papers" began to pour
in. The American women were awakened by this revela-
tion, and now "What is it for?" was answered — "It is not
for an Aristocracy ! but to honor the men who carried the
muskets, and the boys who beat the drums and fifed
"Yankee Doodle" for liberty ; for the honor of the women
who served the country, in their homes, while the men were
away fighting the battles for freedom, and that their names
should be rescued from the musty annals of the Revolution,
and for the first time inscribed on the pages of history, as
factors in making the Nation. Both these men and women
were at last having their names placed on the "Roll of
honor," beside those of the officers and leaders in the
American Revolution. Surely, that was a good foundation
to lay beneath a patriotic society, one worthy to build up
and be symbolized in a noble structure such as "Memorial
Continental Hall."

Early in March 1891, the first chapter was formed in
Chicago, known as "Chicago Chapter" — Mrs. Frank
Osborn, Regent. The first amended Constitution provided
for State Regents, for which the necessity arose immedi-
ately. Letters were sent out as early as November, i8qo,
by the Vice President in charge of organization, inviting
prominent women in the States to serve in that capacity.
There was some delay in sending papers, therefore no one
was confirmed until the Spring of 1891.

The first five State Regents were: Mrs. N. B. Hogg,

28 Story of the Records

Pennsylvania ; Mrs. de B. R. Keim, Connecticut ; Mrs.
Joshua Wilbour, Rhode Island ; Miss Louise Ward McAllis-
ter, New York ; Mrs. Wm. Wirt Henry, Virginia.

The Constitution not covering all the points found
necessary, the Board recognized the need of legal aid.
Gen. Geo. H. Shields was elected in March, 1891, as legal
adviser. Thirty days notice was given of a meeting, called
at Mrs. Cabell's, to consider proposed amendments to the
Constitution. Mrs. Harrison presided at this meeting, and
the amendments were adopted. The right of the Board
to amend previous to the assembling of the first Congress
of the Society had been challenged by the Vice President
in charge of organization, Mrs. Darling. Gen. Shields'
clear statement settled the question that it could so amend,
to the satisfaction of all present. His services were invalu-
able at this embryo period of the organization, and through-
out his term of office.

During May and June of that year — 1891 — there was
some friction between the Board and Mrs. Darling,
the Vice President in charge of the Organization.
The Board realized that it would be impossible to
establish the Society on any solid business founda-
tion, financial or otherwise, under methods so independent
as practiced by Mrs. Darling. The organizing officer, on
the other hand, appeared to doubt the good faith of the
board and questioned its authority, declaring she had the
right to decline to make reports to the Board, or submit
to any control. At this same time two chapters had been
formed in New York, the "New York City Chapter," and
the "Harlem Chapter." This, with som.e irregularities, re-
sulting from the adjustment in the business of the New
York Chapters, and the naming of the Harlem Chapter,
"The Flora Adams Darling Chapter," without submitting
it to the Board, led to a spirited correspondence, at which
time the Board severed the Society's connection with the
"Adams Magazine," then the official organ, and notified the
Vice President in charge of Organization, that a resolution
had been passed prohibiting the naming of a chapter after

sjyC ^ ' -^'^' -^-^-Z- c-C^ 6t.e^ ^i/^

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i.<«fc jBi2!v.,ia)r / ''T^

PHOTOGKAFH OF MRS. FLORA ADAMS DARLING'S LETTI-^R OF RESIGNATION.

Plate "iCom

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^;^.<>3^.CZ<^ (^ ^w tri- -'-''-- ..ic^-L.

PHOTOGRAril Ul' MRS. FLOUA AUAMS 1)AUIJ\(;S LKTTKU UF UESKiXATION.

Story of the Records 29

a living person. The matter finally culminated in June
1891, when the Vice President in charge of Organization,
wrote officially, "That she would no longer recognize the
authority of the Board, and forbid the use of her name on
any papers belonging to the Society." Under such
conditions the only possible thing to be done was, to declare
her office vacant, which was effected July i, 1891. Since
that time, Mrs. Darling has had no connection with, or
official recognition of the National Society of the Daughters
of the American Revolution. The department of organiza-
tion was then put in charge of a committee — Mrs. Henry
Boynton, Chairman ; Mrs. John W. Foster and Mrs. Leo
Knott, as members. On August 12th, the following letter
was received from Mrs. Darling:

30 Story of the Records

It will thus readily be seen that the trouble over the
"Eligibility clause," as has been claimed by Mrs. Darling,
was not the cause of this action. This "eligibility trouble"
did not arise until months later. This question arose from
"The mother of a patriot" in the Constitution, which
read as follows : "Any woman may be eligible for mem-
ship who is of the age of eighteen years, and who is de-
scended from an ancestor who, with unfailing loyalty,
rendered material aid to the Cause of Independence as a
recognized patriot, as soldier or sailor, was a civil officer
in one of the several Colonies or States or of the United
Colonies or States; or from the mother of such a
patriot; provided that the applicant shall be acceptable
to the society." An unforeseen condition arose from this
clause, it developed in Virginia, viz. : that application for
membership had come from descendants of "A mother of a
Patriot," who was also a mother of Tories. One son was
a patriot, others tories — and it was the descendant of
a tory that applied for membership. But another
case ; in Pennsylvania, where five brothers were in the
service, the one daughter, whose duty was to care for the
home, yet doing many patriotic services, was not considered
lineal and her descendants were not eligible — thus the
question had many bearings.

According to the official records the most important
meeting of the Organization ever held was that of the Con-
ference of October 6 and 7, 1891, in response to a cordial
invitation from Mrs. Benjamin Harrison, President General,
a Conference of State and Chapter Regents and National
Officers of the Society. The meeting took place at 1407
Massachusetts Avenue, the residence of the "Vice President
General Presiding." The following national officers were pre-
sent: Mrs. Benj. Harrison, Mrs. Wm. D. Cabell. Mrs. H. V.
Boynton, Mrs. G. Browne Goode, Miss Mary Desha, Mrs.
Leo Knott, Mrs. Geo. H. Shields, Mrs. Ellen Hardin
Walworth, Mrs. Marshall MacDonald, Miss Eugenia Wash-
ington, Mrs. A. Howard Clarke, Mrs. Mary S. Lockwood

Story of the Records 31

and Mrs. Tunis Hamlin ; also the following' State Regents
of the Society : Mrs. N. B. Hogg, of Pennsylvania ; Mrs. O.
B. Wilbour, of Rhode Island ; Miss Louise Ward McAllister,
New York; Mrs. de B. Randolph Keim, Connecticut.

There were present also: Mrs. Henry F. Blount, repre-
senting Indiana ; Mrs. Schuyler, New York ; Mrs. Mary
Washington, Georgia; and Mrs. Emily Lee Sherwood,
ofificial correspondent.

Many Chapter Regents were present. Mrs. R. Ogden
Doremus, Mrs. John S. Wise and Mrs. Donald McLean
represented the New York Chapter. Mrs. Roger A.
Pryor, Regent, was detained by illness, and Mrs. Wm. H.
McCartney, as Regent, represented the Wyoming Valley
Chapter, Pa. Mrs. James A. Rownsaville, Rome, Ga.
This Conference, with the help of its legal adviser, Gen.
George H. Shields, settled for all time the questions and
objections, which were propounded by the State Regent of
Georgia, Mrs. Salas, then in New York, as to the power
and action of the National Board.

After all points were fully discussed and understood, a
roll call was taken, and every member present expressed
herself in full sympathy with the National Board, and
pledged herself to earnest work for the organization.

From that date there has been no doubt of the place this
Society should take and hold in this Republic.

The standing of the women in the Republic was left
intact and fully recognized in the amended Constitution —
and we might ask how it could be otherwise. It has been
evolved in the process of genealogical research, that for
once in the category of woman's status, it is es-
tablished that her name, in many instances, is alone
the one by which correct papers can be verified. Even the
name of John Adams stands for naught in Massachusetts,
without his wife's name, where there were forty-nine men
of that name in the Revolutionary War.

There were at one time sixty-six members who had com.e
into the society on collateral papers, of whom thirty-six

32 Story of the Records

declined to hunt up their records, but their descendants have
done so, and proved from other Hnes direct descent, and
consequent eligibiHty; since which time the fact of Hneal
descent being required, has become so firmly established
in the public mind, that no others now apply.

The matter was finally brought before the Congress by a
resolution from the able State Regent of Pennsylvania —
Mrs. N. B. Hogg — to eliminate the phrase "Mother of a
Patriot," from the Constitution. The discussion went on to
and fro for two years, — all after Mrs. Darling had severed
her relations with the D. A. R. Society, — with strong argu-
ments on both sides, until the final vote of the Congress,
1893, when that part of the Constitution was eliminated and
now reads, — '"Any woman may be eligible for membership
who is of the age of eighteen years, and who is descended
from a man or woman who, with unfailing loyalty rendered
material aid to the cause of Independence," etc.

Origin of the Society of the Daughters of
THE Revolution : Mrs. Darling, after resigning from
the Society of the Daughters of the American Revolu-
tion, took the Harlem Chapter, which had been organized
under the auspices of the Daughters of the American Revolu-
tion, and turned it over to the Society of the "Daughters
of the Revolution" — and this was the first chapter that
entered that organization. As all patriotic societies are
doing good work in the country, the Daughters of the
American Revolution might congratulate themselves that
they were, incidentally, the founders of the Daughters of
the Revolution, having provided its first chapter!

CHAPTER III.

REMINISCENCES OF THE FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS.

HE Society of the Daughters of the American
Revolution meets in annual session once a year,
in Washington, D. C, and until a recent period,
the week of the 22 of February, in honor of
Washington's birthday. It is a delegate body,
each chapter having representation, and every State a regent
entitled to a seat and vote in the D. A. R. Congress, with
the active officers, and at first ten Vice Presidents
General, afterwards increased to twenty. From the start
these "Congresses" have proved to be a popular feature
in the Society's history, business being buttressed by the
many social functions that were used to give it prominence
and character; and, as Washington is such an attractive
place for "sight-seers," every kind of organization always
has a good attendance when convening in the Capital City.
The first Congress of the Daughters of the American
Revolution was held in the "Church of Our Father," on
Wednesday, February 22, 1892. The weather was cold
and clear with snow upon the ground. Good weather, and
the novelty attaching to a new movement were all factors
in assuring a large attendance. The audience filled the
galleries, the floor being reserved for the exclusive use
of members of the Congress. The President General, Mrs.
Caroline Scott Harrison, presided. At the drop of the
gavel Mrs. Harrison announced that the first Continental
Congress was now in session, and would be opened with
prayer by the Chaplain General, Mrs. Teunis Hamlin.
The vast audience rose to its feet, and the Chaplain, with
great earnestness, invoked the Divine favor to descend upon
the officers and members of the Congress, and to extend the
principles of the Society throughout the land. At the

3

34 Story of the Records

close of this impressive exercise, the President General
read her inaugural address, which was an expression of
appreciation of the motives which called the Society of the
Daughters of the American Revolution into being, and a
cordial word of greeting to members and delegates present.
This felicitous address made a good impression on those
present, winning all hearts. At this time Mrs. Harrison
was already suffering from the malady which terminated
her life during the close of the following year, and to those
who knew her intimately, a note of sadness struck them to
the heart with a foreboding, and this feeling culminated
when Mrs. Harrison passed on to the higher life, October
25, 1892.

The first Continental D. A. R. Congress was convened
in the week in which the 22 of February fell, and estab-
lished the custom that held good up to 1904, when the date
was changed to the week of the anniversary of the Battle
of Lexington, April 19, when the corner stone of Memorial
Continental Hall was laid.

This first Continental Congress was in every way unique
and bearing but slight resemblance to the present orderly
and dignified body. It is now far enough away from the
beginning to get a true perspective, and it would be a
"trick" of the most enthusiastic imagination to represent
its proceedings as "Quiet, orderly and dignified," at that
stage of affairs, still there were many indications from the
high order of personal character of its members, that it
might soon become such.

To one accustomed, as was the narrator, to frequently
attend and witness the proceedings of Women's Societies,
from local organizations to "The National Council of
Women," it was easy to see how these inexperienced "dele-
gates," drawn from the most conservative classes, and who
were, perhaps, for the first time taking part in any meeting
larger than a "Ladies' Aid," in a church parlor, would
inadvertently make themselves objects of criticism for
members of the Press, who are ever on the alert to seize
upon any picturesque features accompanying a woman's

Sfory of the Records 35

gathering, considering them as legitimate subjects of satire.
They were not even "Chib Women" as a class, although
there were some such on the D. A. R. rolls, who vainly tried
to bring order out of existing conditions.

Many of the delegates wanted the floor at the same time.
And to wait for recognition from the Chair was almost an
afifront. They simply ignored Parliamentary usage because
they knew nothing about such rules. They would step out
into the aisle, like an excited member of the United States
Congress, and advance to the front to attract attention ;
while the presiding officer, equally inexperienced, had to
be prompted, constantly, by the man at her elbow, with
Robert's Rules. And Miss Janette L. White, the stenog-
rapher, had to make the greatest effort of her life to keep
her, by hook and crook "notes," to enable her to render a
verbatim report. It was amusement for reporters, and they
passed it along to the public for their entertainment with
the usual veracity, for the time ignoring the fact, that other
women's societies had had their days of trial also. They
forgot that those others had been accused of "wilful mad-
ness," while comparing the unruly "daughters" to their
belligerent sires, who hesitated not to defy old King George,
etc., etc.

An illustration of the conservative tendency of this early
time was as follows. The World's Columbian Exposition,
held in Chicago, 1893, as everybody now knows, gave the
women as well as the men of the country, if not of the
world, the greatest opportunity ever enjoyed, to represent
the object for which their various societies, movements
or "Cults" stood. Some men and women rose to the occa-
sion, and recognized that a great step forward had been
taken toward breaking down prejudice, and division walls.
Many women's organizations, also, were impressed.

Mrs. Mary S. Lockwood, of the District of Columbia,
had already been appointed by President Harrison, a Dele-
gate at Large, on the Woman's Board of the World's
Columbian Exposition, and, at the meeting of the first
Congress of the Daughters of the American Revolution,

S6 Story of the Records

she brought a greeting, from the Women's Board of the
Exposition, and an invitation for the D. A. R. Society, to
represent itself at the series of Exhibition Congresses, to be
held in 1892, in Chicago. Mrs. Lockwood had obtained
permission from the Chair to present the matter, which
she did with all the enthusiasm of which she is capable.
Then, following it up with her resolution, "That the Con-
gress accept the invitation," which, on receiving the neces-
sary "second," was open for debate. From all parts of the
house arose objections, if not downright opposition. One
feared it would commit the society to the Sufifrage move-
ment. Another urged the society might be placed in an
embarrassing position as to declarations regarding other
societies or organizations. Others still, objected to the
publicity such a gathering would draw D. A. R. members
into. The very atmosphere was charged with a feeling of
conservatism which amounted to timidity. Therefore, as
soon as the vote was taken for the affirmative,
Mrs. Lockwood, seeing that the motion was lost,
asked the privilege of withdrawing it, as she chose
not to have its defeat go before the country. Sequel :
She offered the very same resolution to the Con-
tinental D. A. R. Congress of 1893, and it was unanimously
passed, thus indicating how rapid had been the growth
from conservatism to the attitude and stature of the New
Woman, who stands for advanced ideas, if she "stands" for
anything.

But, notwithstanding the chaotic aspect of this first D.
A. R. Congress, there was no reason for alarm. Splendid
work had been done by the initial board. The popularity
of the movement had almost overwhelmed those executive
officers with work. It will take a separate chapter to give
details. Too much praise, however, cannot be bestowed
upon those first acting on the Board. They gave not only
days but weeks and months to bringing "Family Records"
up to date. All will concede that Mrs. H. V. Boynton de-
serves special credit for the able manner in vv'hich she organ-
ized Chapters after the withdrawal of Mrs. Flora Adams

Story of the Records 37

Darling. She spared no pains to insure every detail, and to
establish the triple bond between Chapter and State, and
State and National Society. Mrs. Mary V. E. Cabell, acting
Vice-President General, in the absence of Mrs. Harrison, at
the first Cono:ress, had very arduous duties to perform,
which she did with great credit to herself considering the con-
ditions, affording all an opportunity to be heard. In those
early days she was a tower of strength, opening her home
for the executive meetings for- more than a year, and
exercising a lavish and free hospitality toward all its mem-
bers, in the good old typical Southern style which was
charming and highly appreciated.

The first executive board of the D. A. R. had planned
and, acting with members of the National Society, had
adopted a good working Constitution, and the many
Chapters already formed under it, were represented by
some of the brainiest women the country afforded. Though
yet unknown to fame, they gave promise that a society with
such a following must soon commit itself to good general-
ship, and come to be regarded as the peer of any other. A
promise long since fulfilled, since the President General of
the Daughters of the American Revolution now presides
over a legislative body more numerous than gathers in
Congressional Halls, under the dome of the Capitol, and
she does not often have to consult the parliamentarian (now
always a woman) except, when an appeal is made from the
decision of the Chair, — then, "What does Robert's Rules
say?" — settles it.

Many women becoming prominent in the D. A. R. Society
made their debut in the first Congress. And. as one of their
number has felicitously said, "Friendships were formed, en-
thusiasm was aroused, and all felt it was good to have made
a beginning." Among those, unknown to fame, save as the
President's wife, was Mrs. Caroline Scott Harrison,
a woman who took no pleasure in being in the public eye,
and for that very reason perhaps she appealed to the
sympathies of many present. The four women to whom
were afterward given medals of honor, were among those

38 Story of the Records

to be early recognized as prominent assistants m those
formative days. Indeed, all of the local board early dis-
played a fine degree of business aptitude and ability. Here
and there appeared a brilliant example of what women from
the states could do. For instance, Mrs. Frank Osborn of
Chicago, organized the first Chapter in the D. A. R. Society,
March 1891 ; while Mrs. de B. R. Keim, of Connecticut,
organized more Chapters in the "Nutmeg State" than any
other organizer elsewhere, and brought the largest delega-
tion to the first Congress. For several years this State
carried the banner for the most Chapters, as it was one of
the sections plowed over in the Revolutionary period, and left
many descendants to rise up and honor the men who fought
under Gen. Putnam.

Mrs. William Wirt Henry, of Virginia, who did so much
work on the executive board in various capacities, first be-
came known to the Daughters at this time. Mrs. A. Leo
Knott, of Maryland, was another helpful member, and
Mrs. Nathaniel B. Hogg, of Pennsylvania, displayed fine
executive ability.

Having given so much time to the striking features of
the first D. A. R. Congress, we have but little space to de-
vote to the personnel of its executive officers who were
present. Mrs. Harrison has already been recorded as the
first President and Mrs. Cabell as Vice President General
Presiding. The other Vice-Presidents were, Mrs. H. V.
Boynton, wife of the well known Newspaper Correspondent ;
Mrs. A. W. Greely. wife of the celebrated Arctic Explorer ;
Mrs. F. O. St. Clair; and Mrs. G. Browne Goode, wife of
the Scientist ; Miss Mary Desha, who brought with her the
enthusiasm of the blue grass state ; Mrs. William C. Win-
lock ; Mrs. David D. Porter, wife of Admiral Porter, of
the U. S. N., was an honorary member of the Society and
Executive Board. The Secretaries General were Mrs.
Ellen Hardin Walworth, and Miss Eugenia Washington,
grand niece of General Washington, and a lineal descendant
of Colonel Samuel Washington. Mrs. Marshall McDonald,
wife of the late United States Fish Commissioner, was

Story of the Records 39

Treasurer General. Mrs. Mary S. Lockwood was the first
Historian General and edited the first Lineage Book; and
Mrs. Teunis Hamlin, wife of the pastor of the Church of
the Covenant, which President Harrison attended, was the
Chaplain General. The Surgeon General was that world
wide Soldiers' Friend, Clara Barton, then the head of the
American Red Cross Society. i

One of the things connected with this first congress,
which afterwards came to have a peculiar significance, was
the "Tea" given by Mrs. Harrison, in the White House, to
the Officers, delegates and members of the D. A. R. Society,
on the afternoon on February 24, a privilege never again to
be enjoyed, for before another D. A. R. Congress convened,
Mrs. Harrison had passed away. It may not be
out of place to say here, that the next year President
Harrison and his sweet and gracious daughter, Mrs.
McKee, received in an informal way, the Daughters of the
American Revolution, which gathering had all the touching
and tender quality of a reminiscence, and was regarded as
an honor to the memory of the wife and mother as much
as to the late president of the society, Mrs. Harrison, who
had become so deeply interested in its v/elfare before she
entered into rest.

CHAPTER IV.

THE INSIGNIA AND MEDALS OF THE SOCIETY,

ARLY in the spring of 1891 the question of
selecting the Society's Insignia arose. Miss
Sophonisba P. Breckenridge was made Chair-
man of an Insignia Committee.

Among the many suggestions for design one
came from Mrs. Edward Robey of Chicago. By a vote of
the Board she was permitted to appear before it and gave
a short talk on Heraldry, suggesting what would be ap-
propriate and what could not be used, and also giving the
name of Joseph K. Davidson of Philadelphia, as the repre-
sentative of a firm that provided largely Insignia and Badges
for the different patriotic societies of the country ; at the
same time she suggested the spinning wheel as a fine symbol
of the Revolution ; while the seal which had been suggested
could not be, the wheel could properly be used.

After this meeting, Mrs. Robey's son, Edward Magoon
Robey, of Chicago, while in Washington, drew a wheel with
thirteen spokes, representing the thirteen states, the felloe
representing the ribbon, the legend being the Daughters of
the American Revolution — the spokes projecting to form
the thirteen original stars. That drawing was viewed the
same day by Mrs. Mary S. Lockwood and Mrs. Henry F.
Blount, a Vice-President General.

Mrs. Robey, after reaching her home in Chicago, re-
ceived a letter from Miss Breckenridge asking for Mr.
Davidson's address, adding, in some way it had been lost.
Mrs. Robey sent the address ; and at the same time sent
the drawing Mr. Robey had made, to Mr. Davidson, saying
that probably he would be called upon to submit designs,

Jf r)t>sij;ii silliiiiittcd

Story of the Records 41

and sent this as a suggestion ; and bespoke liberal terms for
the Daughters.

Mrs. Robey received a letter from Mr. Davidson and
copies of the three designs he had sent to Miss Brecken-
ridge.

It will be seen in the drawing, which was forwarded in
May 1891, to the Chairman of Insignia, that Mr. Davidson
had added the distaff to Mr. Robey 's design to be made of
platinum. (See Plate No. 6). To this Mrs. Robey
somewhat objected, taking the stand that in Heraldry it
was against all law to combine different metals. However,
the Daughters, out of the three designs submitted by Mr.
Davidson, chose the wheel and distaff, and especially liked
the white metal for the distaff, as it conveyed the idea of
flax.

But a few days elapsed when Mr. Davidson received a
letter from Miss Breckenridge, saying that she had resigned
from the Insignia Committee, and had handed over to her
successor, Mrs. G. Browne Goode, his designs and corres-
pondence. This letter is now in the possession of one of
the Daughters.

The Board was in correspondence with other jewellers,
among them Caldwell & Co., of Philadelphia. They offered
to assume the expense of making the dies for any design
chosen by the Society, which was said to be worth several
hundred dollars. For that liberal offer in the days of a
somewhat depleted treasury. Caldwell & Co. became the
official jewelers of the Daughters of the American Revolu-
tion.

Then came the question of choice of a design. Every-
one liked the spinning wheel. Caldwell & Co. had sent
nothing the Daughters liked as well. While it did not seem
proper to send Mr. Davidson's drawing to Caldwell & Co.,
it was recognized that it was the suggestion of a charter
member, Mrs. Robey. Therefore, the same design, distaff
and all, was re-drawn at Dr. Goode's suggestion by Mr.
Paul Brockett from the old one and the little spinning wheel

42 Story of the Records

in Mrs. Goode's home. This was then accepted as the
official Insignia.

founders' medals.

The preceding pages have given in detail the origin of
the Society. In the Congress of 1897 a membership of
18,000 was reported, with 348 chapters. This was an in-
crease in one year of 5,782, a greater gain than in any
previous year. This Congress was held in Columbia Theatre
on F Street, Washington, D. C, as the old meeting place,
"The Church of Our Father," had proved too small for the
increased delegation. One chronicler of the events of that
year has said, "That fitting recognition of living benefactors
is far better than the erection of monuments to their
memory after they had passed away unnoticed." It was,
therefore, decided by this Congress, of 1897, that Miss
Eugenia Washington, Miss Mary Desha, Mrs. Ellen Hardin
Walworth, and Mrs. Mary S. Lockwood should each re-
ceive a medal as Founders, in token of the grateful ap-
preciation of their early and unceasing efforts in establish-
ing the Society of the Daughters of the American Revolu-
tion, Mrs. Joshua Wilbour of Rhode Island was to introduce
the resolution that was to forward this project, a resolu-
tion which was prepared by Mrs. Walworth and submitted
for approval to Miss Eugenia Washington some weeks be-
fore the Congress convened. This former resolution, how-
ever, named but three persons to be known as Founders,
omitting the name of Mrs. Mary S. Lockwood.

Mrs. Wilbour being called home suddenly, the resolution
was given into the custody of Mrs. Mary Sawyer Foote
Thomas, who brought it before the Congress. The rec-
ords will show that Mrs. Kate Kearney Henry, Miss Vir-
ginia Miller, and several others immediately demanded that
Mrs. Mary S. Lockwood's name be added to the list, which
was done. A resolution as passed in the morning nam-
ing four founders was at Mrs. Walworth's request re-con-
sidered in the afternoon, and amended to read as fol-

FOUNDERS' MEDALS.

Story of the Records 43

lows : "Whereas Mary S. Lockwood inspired a general
interest in this subject by her pen in an article published
July 13, 1890. that she, therefore, be recognized as a
Founder, and four medals be awarded to these 'Founders
of the Society.' (Vol. 10, page 878, of the American
Monthly Magazine.)

Later an unfortunate controversy sprang up, as to the
proper distribution of the medals, by two of the
founders, — Mrs. Walworth and Miss Washington. The
case was settled by the Congress referring the subject to a
new committee, of which Mrs. Eleanor Holmes Lindsay
was Chairman. The Committee's report to the Congress
began with these words, "The undersigned members of the
Committee disclaim any power or authority to decide or
even enquire who compose the "Founders' of this Society."
(Records of Congress, page 684, Vol. XIL) They
considered their only duty was to carry out the will of the
Congress as expressed in the resolution, under which they
were appointed.

The Committee recommended for Mary S. Lockwood,
a medal distinct and unlike all the rest, which antedated
those of Miss Desha, Mrs. Walworth, and Miss Washing-
ton, as her work with her pen antedated theirs, — according
to the resolution passed by Congress, naming four founders,
which resolution has never been rescinded.

Miss Elizabeth Bryant Johnston has left a record of the
ceremonies of the evening set apart for the presentation of
the medals, American Monthly Magazine, June, 1898, which
is as follows :

"The evening of February 24, 1898, will long be remem-
bered as a notable occasion in the history of the Society of
the daughters of the American Revolution. It was the
hour chosen in which to suitably recognize the great ob-
ligation the splendid association must forever feel to the
earnest women who first aroused an interest which speedily
culminated in the organization of this Patriotic Order.
Though not yet numbering a half score years it paused

44 Story of the Records

amid the pressing demands of the Seventh Continental Con-
gress to honor four women, bestowing upon each a Me-
morial Medal, a medal of gold, crested with diamonds and
sapphires — beautiful in form and symbol. Upon one is in-
scribed 'Service,' upon three 'Founder.'

''By this act the Congress said, 'We do not choose, as is
the custom, to wait until you passed away to give utterance
to our appreciation, but we will adorn you now with a
significant gift that you may see our gratitude and that the
people also may know whom we delight to honor.'

"It was a worthy, just, beautiful thought, and those who
witnessed the ceremony have taken to their widely separate
homes a memory to cherish.

"At the National Capitol there has probably never been
given a more interesting object lesson. Delegates and Al-
ternates were in prompt attendance ; Daughters, Sons, and
guests crowded the galleries ; the boxes were filled with
distinguished officials and foreign Ministers. The stage
presented an effective ensemble, — the National officers in
rich toilets ; the thirteen beautifully robed and graceful
pages ; the abundance of flowers ; and a back-ground of
national colors, was a brilliant scene.

"The session was opened with prayer and music. The
President General announced that the 'Founders Medals,'
ordered by the sixth Continental Congress, would be pre-
sented by 'Mrs. Senator Lindsay, of Kentucky, the Chair-
man of the Committee on Medals.' It is a matter of record
that the founders distinguished by this public recognition
are, — Miss Mary Desha, Miss Eugenia Washington, Mrs.
Ellen Hardin Walworth, and Mrs. Mary S. Lockwood.
They sat at the right of the President General, with the
Committee. The Chairman, Mrs. Lindsay, is well known
for her grace of mind and person ; and her devotion to the
Daughters of the American Revolution, notwithstanding
delicate health and inexorable claims of official life, she
finds time to discharge the duties of chairman of several
■committees. The Chairman rose, and indeed the whole

Story of the Records 45

audience, when the Founders came forward, and Mrs. Lind-
say, pausing to acknowledge, by a smile and inclination of
the head, the hearty applause, said : 'The National Society
of the Daughters of the American Revolution, in the full
tide of womanhood, turn to-night on this magnificent re-
presentation of a Society, numbering over 23,000 members,
and cannot but think they builded better than they knew.
This Society now numbers more than any force the Con-
tinental Army could put in the field. We present to-night
the recognition of service of these women, who labored,
as you all know, unceasingly to foster the cherished idea
of a society of Revolutionary Daughters. In the name of
our Society, I confer these medals with the full assurance
that the recipients will honor the medals as the medals
honor them.'

"Then, followed the response of the 'Founders.' When
these were concluded there was a change of scene ; in an
instant the lights were out, dense darkness obtained, and
the vast audience sat in voiceless expectancy. Suddenly
the large Insignia hanging above the stage glowed with
brilliant light, and the national colors sprang forth from
the darkness. The efifect was magnificent, and the applause
and greeting given our beloved emblem rose again and
again. The majestic measures of 'Hail Columbia' at length
gained ascendency, and the four smiling Founders ac-
companied Mrs. Lindsay down the broad steps, and stand-
ing in line upon the last one the great reception began."

"The thirteen young Daughters, our pages, who are an-
nually appointed by the Board, and represent the thirteen
original states, were ranged on either side of the center
aisle ; while delegation after delegation, State after State,
filed through to grasp the hands, and speak fraternal words
to the women whom we delight to honor. National airs
kept the time of this happy little army, which ably rep-
resented the many thousand women who so earnestly
realized it is their duty to carry the gospel of Americanism
to every American home."

CHAPTER V.

THE PERSONNEL AND WORK OF THE BOARD OF MANAGEMENT.

HE Board of Management is made up of the
active Officers elected by the delegates to each
Congress, the President General, who presides
over all board meetings, and forty-five State
Regents who are nominated by their State
delegations and confirmed by the Continental Congress ;
twenty Vice Presidents elected by the Congress; ten Vice
Presidents, who are elected at the expiration of the term
of two years : by this means there are always ten Vice
Presidents who have had experience of the work, who re-
main on the Board, making a continuous Board.

It is seen that the election and personnel of the Board
is entirely in the hands of the Continental Congress.

The Board is an administrative body to carry out the
orders of Congress ; act upon application papers for mem-
bership ; fill vacancies in office until the next meeting of
Congress ; listen and act upon the reports given monthly
by the different officers in every department, and the re-
ports of standing and select committees ; prescribe rules and
regulations for their own government while in office ; —
and in general do all things necessary for the prosperity
and success of the Society, subject to the approval of the
Continental Congress.

In the early years of the Society, when it was in the
formative stage, the Board had legislative and judicial
power in the interim between the Congresses. As the
organization grew. — with its expansion new experiences
brought out the necessity of a change in methods. The
time had come when it was considered too great a respon-
sibility to place upon the Board the decision of weighty
questions, which legitimately belonged to the Congress to

Story of the Records 47

consider and to dispose of. Therefore, in the Congress of
1898, Miss Isabella Forsyth of New York offered an amend-
ment to the Constitution, taking from the Board all legis-
lative and judicial power and making it a purely adminis-
trative body, subject to the approval of the Continental Con-
gress for its every act. This amendment was carried, and
since then the Board has been solely an administrative body,
to carry out the orders of the Congress.

We will endeavor in giving a summary of the routine
work in the different departments, which come directly
under the supervision of the Board of Management, to
show the vast amount of labor that is imposed. How faith-
fully each and every Board under the various administrations
has performed these duties can plainly be traced in the pub-
lished records of the Society.

The pioneer work of the Society covered the first three
years after the organization. To those early workers be-
long the credit of building a foundation that could not be
excelled to-day with all the experience of the past. When
it is taken into consideration that they launched into that
unknown sea without compass or rudder, where the only
beacon light was the love of country, which burned in their
own hearts, we may well marvel at the results of those
days and nights of indefatigable labor.

Those members who have come into the Society and
found all the machinery of the great organization running
smoothly and accomplishing such wonderful results, will
have to go back to those early days and recognize the fact
that the society owes its great success to the well laid
plans inaugurated by the women comprising the first
Board of Management. These women faltered not at
worry, work, or fatigue in preparing the ground and scat-
tering the seed. And they were the moving, effective
spirits of that early morning in the Society's life, which has
culminated in one of the best and most comprehensive
organizations of a public character.

We have been amazed at the lack of comprehension of

48 Story of the Records

many of the members, even, — to say nothing of the pub-
lic,— upon the real work of the Daughters of the
American Revolution, with its auxiliaries, the chap-
ters in the states. We shall endeavor to tell the story and
give the results of these fifteen years of earnest labor.
It would take volumes to give the details of the ac-
complishment, as the annual reports to the Smithsonian
Institution will fairly verify; but a summary from these
will be helpful, at least to the members, in giving a
ready answer to the question so often asked, "What do they
do?"

THE AMERICAN MONTHLY MAGAZINE.

In the early days of the Society it was determined that
the Board of Management should send out from time to
time the report of the proceedings of the Continental Con-
gress, and monthly, the reports of the minutes of the Board
of Management. To have a perfect understanding
between the Board of Management and the chapters and
individual members of the society was imperative. Those
in authority found upon investigation and consultation with
the officials of the Post Office that it would incur an ex-
pense, far beyond the young Society's means, to send out
these reports as third class mail matter. The fact ap-
peared, also, upon investigation that a monthly periodical
could be issued as second class matter, mailable at one cent
a pound, in which all the reports could appear, as well as
much historical matter of value to the members, including
the work of the chapters ; genealogical records, and all
matters of interest to the organization. The subscriptions
and advertising would help in defraying the expense.

The Board of Managers did not undertake the pub-
lication of a magazine to make money, but to save money
for the society, which is plainly evident they are doing.
The magazine is one of the strong links of the chain that
binds the Society together. It is the monthly visitor that
goes into the chapter and the homes, keeping the mem-

Story of the Records 49

bers in touch with all the details of the orjjanization. No
other magazine carries out the same line of thought. It
deals with the service of the country's builders ; their history ;
their firesides ; and the conditions of colonial life.

The first editor of the magazine was Mrs. Ellen Hardin
Walworth, who held the position two years. Mrs. Mary
S. Lockwood was then elected editor, which position she
held six years, and she was succeeded by Mrs. Elroy M.
Avery. Miss Lilian Lockwood, in 1894, was appointed by
The Board, Business Manager, and has been reelected to that
position by the Continental Congress each succeeding year.
As we look over the records, we find the business manager
has conducted the afifairs of her office without a day's clerical
assistance, — which, also, is the case with the editors. We
venture to say no magazine in the country is conducted
more methodically in its business relations, and none with
such a minimum of clerical expense.

THE LINEAGE BOOK.

Another publication, which is directly under the auspices
of the Board, is the Lineage Book, in which volumes ap-
pear the names of members consecutively as they joined the
Society, with the names and service of the patriots of the
Revolution, with whom each must be lineally allied.

It will be seen that the generations that come after us
will not have to delve through the dusty archives of the
past to prove their lineage, and never will the records of
their ancestors be in danger of being lost, after they have
once been recorded in the Year Book or Lineage Book
of the Daughters. Their children will take pride in pointing
to the names of their ancestors there inscribed. The members
of the society early recognized the necessity of making a
record, as far as possible, of evei-y heroic and patriotic deed
accomplished by the men and women of that period. ]\Iuch
of the best history of the country is that which has hitherto
been unwritten.

50 Story of the Records

Twenty-two volumes, containing over one thousand re-
cords each of women of Revolutionary descent, with twelve
hundred names of men bearing arms in the Revolution, and
their service, have already been published. These books,
with their records, are being recognized by historians and
genealogists as of the greatest importance. The
Historian of the Society has a general oversight of
this work, bringing a monthly report to the Board. The
compiler of this data is responsible for the correctness of
all this matter. Mrs. Sarah Hall Johnston has been in
charge of this work for ten years. She is so completely
identified with it that the society would find it difficult,
in case of necessity, to find anyone to satisfactorily fill the
position.

Every woman in the land, who is eligible to this Society,
owes it to her country to become a member ; not alone that
she may simply be recorded as a Daughter of the American
Revolution, but that she may be a helper in ferreting out
the names of the makers of the history of her country, and
to see that the names of her ancestors become a part of the
historical records of the American Republic, and as such.
be entered into the Lineage Book of this society. It is a
reasonable supposition that, if this organization had been
born a quarter of a century later, the historic records that
have been rescued would probably never have been col-
lected. The Society publishes two volumes of these records
each year; thus giving the world much valuable informa-
tion.

Several of the Colonial States are printing their own
Revolutionary Rosters ; but the society's lineage book re-
cords are fuller, for they give the genealogy of the family,
and the service data of the ancestor, which is carefully
tabulated with a clearness that adds interest to the whole
subject.

Story of the Records 51

ANNUAL REPORT OF THE SOCIETY TO THE SMITHSONIAN
INSTITUTION.

This is the report to the Smithsonian Institution of all
the work undertaken by the Daughters of the American
Revolution ; through an Act of the United States Congress,
embodied in the National Charter of this Society, an an-
nual report is required of the work accomplished by
them throughout the States, to be made to the Smith-
sonian Institution, and for transmittal to the United States
Congress by that Institution ; which body orders it printed,
and it becomes a part of the Congressional publications. The
Charter of the Smithsonian Institution stands for the "Dif-
fusion of knowledge among men," and there is no possible
way in which the records of the Society of the Daughters
of the American Revolution could gain a wider circulation
than they nov/ enjoy through this method of publication,
which fosters science, art, and investigation in all
possible directions. These reports, including the work
of each state, through the State Regents, have the
greatest significance. The publications are well illus-
trated, giving the historical spots cared for, the monu-
ments, tablets, and inscriptions placed thereon. The res-
toration of ancient burying grounds ; tablets to mark battle
fields ; pictures illustrating progress of Memorial Contin-
ental Hall ; altogether making a very unique set of volumes.

Through this publication, by one department of the
United States Government, the Society is brought into a
semi-official relation to the government, in as much as the
Smithsonian Institution is, hy the Society's Charter, made
the custodian of its historic relics, books, manuscripts,
pamphlets, and other material of historic value.

The editing of this report was formerly done by a com-
mittee, of which Mrs. Gertrude B. Darwin, Mrs. Sara T.
Kinney, and Miss Kate Batchellor, were consecutively
Chairmen. In 1903 the editing was put in the hands of the
Assistant Historian, which place was occupied by Mrs. Mary

52 Story of the Records

S. Lockwood, and since that time she has compiled and
edited the Report. It shows the love and interest that is taken
in all that pertains to the good of the D. A. R., when so many
women can be found who will consent to take upon them-
selves the arduous duties of such a voluminous work. It
has been by such sacrifices, — for no national officers re-
ceive any salary — that the executive business has been car-
ried on for fifteen years ; and to this fact belongs the success
that has attended its undertakings.

THE DIRECTORY.

A directory for 1904 has just been completed, under the
direction of a committee. To Miss Nellie B. Stone was
given the contract for compilation, and under her expert
supervision, the work was satisfactorily accomplished.
There are certain details that have to be reckoned with
in such a publication that do not enter into the common
city directory, making it a very onerous piece of work, as
it has to be closed at a definite date, after which no more
entries are made until after another Congress ; thus in one
sense a directory of the Society will always be somewhat
unsatisfactory, as several thousand names will be added
annually to the membership which cannot appear in the last
directory. The cost of this publication is about $4,000,
and it is met by the one dollar per year that comes to the
treasury from each member, so that every individual mem-
ber may congratulate herself that she is a factor in this
feature of the Society's work, which also adds greatly to its
interest.

CHAPTER VI.

DEPARTMENT WORK.

REASURER GENERAL: The supervision of
all the departments of the Society comes
directly under the Board of Management.
The work in detail of each department is
delegated to the National Officers, respectively,
elected by the Continental Congress, who are members of
the Board.

The Office of the Treasurer General consists of two
closely related divisions. One of these divisions embraces
all work pertaining to the accounts proper, and the other
all work pertaining to records of admittance, initiation,
transfers, reinstatements, deaths, marriages, and changes
of addresses of nearly fifty-five thousand members of the
Society.

At the end of every month the office makes a trial balance
of the ledger, for it is the ledger, of course, that shows the
exact financial standing of the Society. The cash book,
the ledger, the duplicate receipts, and all financial papers
are inspected every month by the Auditor, who is an ex-
pert accountant employed in the United States Government.
At the end of every month a statement of the receipts and
expenditures for the month is made for the ensuing meeting
of the National Board of ^Management.

On the first of every February, the ledger is balanced for
the year, ending January 31st, and a full statement of the
receipts and expenditures is made at the annual Congress
of the Society.

Here is kept, also, the records of the seven hundred and
fifty chapters, a very difficult task, — the reports show the
increase or decrease in membership, — a complete record
of resignations, transfers, deaths, dropped for non payment

54 Story of the Records

of dues, and marriages, shown in the tri-yearly reports,
is transferred to the chapter record books, and a note of
such record is made for the office of the Vice President
General in charge of organization of chapters, in which
office the same information is recorded in the membership
catalogue. The record of membership of the society-
would be in a hopeless state of confusion, were it not for
these tri-yearly adjustments. They offer the only means
the society has for ascertaining its paid membership. In
this office are kept card catalogues of the members at large,
of real daughters, of life members, and of contributions to
the Continental Hall fvmd. During one year 4,434 receipts
were written ; 5,892 entries were made in the cash book ;
8,839 entries made in the ledger and small book accounts ;
35,000 entries made in the large record books; 1,100 resig-
nations from chapters recorded; 60,000 reinstatements,
marriages, deaths, and transfers entered in the books ; 3,759
initiation cards written; and 21,000 tri-yearly reports;
letters and transmittal blanks received, examined, briefed,
corrected, and filed.

If a comparison might be made between the volume of
work handled by the small clerical force in this office, and
the volume of work handled by an equal clerical force in an
office not related to the Society, — in a bank, for instance,
such comparison, it could be safely asserted, would be very
advantageous to the treasury department of the Daughters
of the American Revolution.

VICE PRESIDENT IN CHARGE OF ORGANIZATION OF CHAPTERS.

Another very important office under the supervision of
the Board of Management, is the Vice President in Charge
of Organization. Chapter Regents are presented to the
national board through this vice President General,
chapter regents having been in most cases appointed by
the State Regents.

When a regent is elected, a request is sent to the

Story of the Records 55

National Board of Management for formal authorization
to organize a chapter, and, upon confirmation of such re-
quest, notice is sent to the regent ; their chapter is recorded
in the chapter ledger, chapter card catalogue, and chapter
files ; and the chapter regent's commission sent. Before
being presented, all names in the chapter must be compared
with the records, to be assured that they are composed of
members in good standing with the Society.

All resignations of chapter regents are presented to
the Board — these are recorded in the chapter ledger.
The date of the organization of chapters, names of
chapters, and marriages and deaths of chapter regents
must be recorded in the Chapter ledger. The Chapter
card catalogue, which contains a record of all chapter
officers, with the date of their election, is arranged by
states and then by chapters alphabetically — organized
chapters being in one drawer and unorganized in another.
The original lists of officers being typewritten, are filed
in chapter files — each list being kept in the archives of
the Society. Charter blanks are issued to all organized
chapters, and are returned filled out with the chapter mem-
bers, officers, date of organization, etc. At the monthly
meetings of the Board of Management, a resume of the
month's work is submitted. All letters are recorded, date
of answer noted and filed, and all important answers copy-
pressed — certificates of membership are dated also. To
keep these records up to date, and answer the letters in this
department, necessitates a great amount of correspondence.

The vice president general in charge of organization
being chairman of the Credential Committee, adds greatly
to the correspondence and work of this office.

The work of the card catalogue is also under the super-
vision of the vice president general in charge of the or-
ganization of chapters. These cards, on which is the full
name and address and chapter to which the member be-
longs are made for every applicant admitted to the National
Society at the monthly board meetings, and placed alpha-

56 Story of the Records

betically in members catalogue. Every ancestor that is
claimed by said applicant is recorded, if not already in an-
cestors' catalogue, a card is made with full record of ser-
vice; and the name and national number of descendant
placed thereon. If ancestor's card is already in the card
catalogue, the papers of said applicant are compared with
those of the other descendants, and service verified, — the
name of the said descendant being placed on this card.

All lines of genealogy are carefully watched and dis-
crepancies noted. Every resignation is noted on the mem-
bership card of each individual, and the same is noted on
her application papers.

THE REGISTRAR GENERAL's OFFICE.

The Registrar's office may well be considered the nursery
or propagating field of the Society, for no applicant can
enter it unless their papers have undergone the scrutiny
of the watchful eyes of this painstaking clerical force.

It has become a matter of great pride with the Society
that every name presented to the Board by the Registrar
bears the unquestionable right to be enrolled as a Daughter
of the American Revolution. Let us glance for a moment
over the routine work of this office. In the morning the
mail is received and assorted as follows: ist comes the
letters concerning the application papers and marked — a ;
2nd. Letters concerning supplemental papers, filed — b; 3rd.
Letters for copies of application papers, filed — c ; 4th.
Letters for badge permits, filed — d ; 5th. Letters for bar
permits, filed — e; 6th. Letters for recognition pin permits,
filed — f; 7th. Letters enclosing checks and money orders,
sent by mistake to the Registrar General, which must all
be endorsed by her and turned over to the Treasurer
General, — filed — g; 8th. Letters from people concerning
matters of prospective members and members already ad-
mitted,— filed — h ; 9th. Letters with corrections from appli-
cants whose papers are incomplete. — filed — i.

Story of the Records 57

loth. The application papers, when received, are dated
and recorded.

nth. If the applicant enters through a chapter, notifica-
tion of receipt is sent to the Registrar ; if a member at
large, to the State Regent. The application is then placed
on file. If the application papers have all the requirements,
they are examined in lineage and service, which, if found
correct, is verified, signed and dated by the Registrar
General, and filed as verified.

1 2th. If the applicant is found wanting in the require-
ments, the Registrar or the proposed member at large send-
ing it. is notified and requested to furnish sufficient in-
formation or data to assist in verification, and the paper
is filed as referred, not verified, and marked "incomplete."

13th. The applicant entering under service already filed is
compared thoroughly in lineage, dates, and service, for
said ancestor on file claiming service for said ancestor.
Some idea of the labor involved may be realized when it is
understood that each ancestor is represented by an aver-
age of 15 members — some of the more prominent reaching
the number of 42.

14th. When applications are verified they are taken to
the Treasurer General's department to be marked "paid."

15th. The applications that are verified, are arranged by
states and chapters and a typewritten list is presented by
the Mce President General at the monthly meetings of the
National Board of Management, which, if there is no
objection, the Board accepts, after which they are dated,
and the Recording Secretary General adds her signature to
every paper.

1 6th. A notification is sent to every chapter registrar
of members accepted in her chapter, or to the State Regent
in case of a member at large.

17th. The applications are then numbered and recorded.

1 8th. A notification of election is sent to each individual.

19th. An average of 420 applications are presented to
each Board meeting.

58 Story of the Records

20th. The papers are separated ; one being sent to chapter
registrar or to members at large as the case may be — the
other filed with duplicate papers.

2ist. The data for the certificate is then made, verified
and sent to the engrosser.

22nd. The original paper is then filed ready to be entered
in the card catalogue, in individual and ancestor cards,
after which the papers are ready for binding — 200 in each
volume.

23rd. The supplemental or additional papers are sub-
jected to the same routine as the original, and often require
much more time to verify.

24th. Application papers that cannot be verified by re-
ferring to the data in the library belonging to the Daugh-
ters of the American Revolution are taken by the Registrar
General to the Library of Congress and every possible
effort made to verify them. Papers enclosing certified
record of service or lineage or references are promptly
verified, and the certified record returned to the applicant
herself.

25th. If after sufficient correspondence, papers cannot
be verified they are returned to the chapter Registrar or
member, and request made for a correct or complete paper.
We now give the process through which each certificate has
to pass.

26th. The date is prepared from the application of each
member, verified and sent to the engrosser. When re-
turned, they are again verified. The signature of the Pre-
sident General, Recording Secretary General, and Registrar
General must be secured. They are then numerically ar-
ranged, dated, and the seal of the Society affixed ; slips are
prepared for the mailing tubes and addressed. The question
is often asked, why it requires so much time to issue these
certificates. There are from 400 to 500 members admitted
each month, which, together with the immense corres-
pondence of this department, takes the entire time of the
three clerks employed ; therefore, this part of the work
often has to be done during the summer months.

Story of the Records 59

When application papers are recorded which are com-
plete and correct, they must pass through, at least, nineteen
different processes before leaving the office.

Add to all this work in the Registrar's office, and issu-
ing of permits for Insignia, recognition pins, and bars.
Each one must pass through a similar ordeal of research,
often ten volumes must be carefully gone through to get
at all the supplementary papers — then some idea of the
work of this department will begin to dawn upon the en-
quirer.

This is where the ground work of the Society begins —
every member must first belong to the National Society
before she can become a member of a chapter.

The great care taken that every paper be truly verified
is what is making the records of the National Society an
authority in genealogy.

THE LIBRARY.

The Library is composed of biographical, genealogical,
and historical books, intended primarily for the verification
of papers of applicants to the National Society and for
the compilation of the Lineage Book.

The Library is open to the public, however, from 9 to 4
o'clock ; and all books may be consulted, but not removed
from the library. The annual appropriation of $50 is de-
voted exclusively to the purchase of Revolutionary records.
The library depends entirely upon gifts and exchanges for
accessions to its collections of histories, biographies, and
genealogies. Gifts have been received from chapters and
individuals, authors and friends of the society. The
library possesses a dictionary catalogue composed of 20,000
cards indicating the author's title, subject matter, date and
place of publication, number of pages, photos, illustrations,
and maps of all the books in the library. Then there is the
exchange and letter card catalogue. The former contain
the names of authors, titles of books — the volumes given in

6o Story of the Records

exchange and the names of persons to whom the books are
sent.

The Lineage books are used for exchange. There are
now 22 volumes in the Hbrary.

The frequent visits of genealogists, the large number of
visitors, who come in search of information, and the many-
letters asking for genealogical and historical data indi-
cate the value of this library and the place it occupies in
this Society.

All this work that has been shown in detail proves how
minute and painstaking has been the oversight of the Board
of Management ; for it is surely marvelous in its prepara-
tion, for there was no precedent upon which to predicate
the working of any one department. It all seems to be the
result of close conscientious study of the requirements of
each department, and of strictly conforming to the lines
laid down. The publications, the work in the departments,
the clerical service, the rent of the offices, and the expenses
of the Continental Congress, are defrayed from the ag-
gregate of the one dollar annual dues to the National
Society.

Under the superb management of Miss Julia Ten Eyck
McBlair, Mrs. Edward Bennett Rosa and Miss Aline E.
Solomons, Consecutive Librarians, the growth has been al-
most phenomenal, and the library is fast becoming a store
house of knowledge for the historian and the genealogist.

REAL DAUGHTERS.

Early in the organization of the Society, it was found
that several persons had entered who were real daughters
of men who had served in the Revolution. It seemed to
many that some mark of distinction should be bestowed
on this class. Therefore, a resolution was ofifered and
passed in one of the early Congresses, that a gold souvenir
spoon should be given to every person proved to be a real
daughter of a soldier of the Revolution. At the time it

Story of the Records 6i

was not supposed that over a hundred such persons would
be found among the living, but up to date there have been
several hundred names enrolled on the Society's roster.

Many touching and beautiful incidents have followed the
presentation of this spoon. One Real Daughter, of whom
a picture appeared in the American Monthly Magazine,
who is in her nineties, is represented with her father's
sword in one hand, which was his insignia ; and the Daugh-
ter's souvenir spoon in the other, which was her sign
manual, while the sweet and placid smile of satisfaction on
her old face tells the story better than words.

There is a true and pathetic story of a Real Daughter,
who recently lived in the mountains of Georgia, and who
was tenderly cared for for several years, by a donation
from the Board of Management of the National Society.
This story was communicated on one occasion by a cor-
respondent, when returning a receipt to the board for this
gratuity. No expenditure of the Society ever performed
a holier mission. The writer dwells, at length, upon the
surroundings and difficulties that encircle the narrow life of
this Real Daughter in that wild and obscure part of the
country ; but not too obscure a spot to have been found out
by the members of the Habersham Chapter of Atlanta.
The story is as follows :

"The home of this mountain Daughter of the American
Revolution is isolated from the settlement and to be ap-
proached only by tedious labor over the abandoned creek
channel. Last year the creek ran here, the freshet in
the spring causes it to run there ; in the winter it will run
everywhere. One mile the road runs in the creek, the
next mile the creek runs in the road. Now it is to be
forded from the right, now from the left, and again it must
be forded lengthwise. One must learn by experience on
which side of the creek he is at any particular place. In-
deed, this knowledge can never be accurate, for the creek
divides frequently and comes dow^n on both sides of the
bewildered stranger.

62 S f 07'y of the Records

"The road is good enough where it leaves the city, —
broad, graded and macadamized. It stretches toward the
mountains in seeming endlessness and suggests the riddle
of infinity. As it threads its way through the field and
forest it ties hill to hill in a great bundle around the feet
of the high peaks. It loses first the macadam, then the
broadness, and finally the grade. It tapers first to a
moderate and then to an insignificant width ; first a muddy
turnpike, then a rocky way, grassgrown, or lost in the creek
bed. After a distance, it will emerge dripping, wet
and indistinct ; finally it narrows into a packhorse trail, a
cow-path, a mule track, and ends in a squirrel track, up a
chestnut tree.

"It makes little difiference which road a stranger takes
through the cove. He will wish he had taken the other
before he has gone half way.

"The road furnished Eugene Douglass and me with a
topic of conversation one day as we walked from his house
to see a 'Real Daughter' of the American Revolution.

"I shall not undertake to say on which side of the road
we found the old lady's house. Indeed, I am not sure I
could say whether the road there was a pack-horse trail or
a cowpath. I am quite sure that only a squirrel could go
beyond where the old lady lived. I remember how I con-
gratulated myself that I had not ridden a horse hither, fear-
ing that I should not get him back alive, so precipitous was
the ascent.

"In such a place as this I found a woman ninety-one
years of age, a daughter of a soldier who fought at Cow-
pens, Guilford Court House, and King's Mountain.

"This is what I saw : scarred and riven mountain side,
from which both water and blood seemed to pour ; water
only, but mingled therewith the dark, rich soil. There
were trees, too ; but they were mere skeletons, 'deadened
by circling,' to make room for a tobacco patch. They
stretched forth their lifeless, leafless, weatherbeaten limbs
as if to ask for pity. And fences, split rails, worm fences,

Story of the Records 63

warped and rotten, every corner filled with briars, head
high and higher. There was no barn to speak of, but an
old stable built of logs, the logs falling to decay, ai.d held
in place by stones and pieces of plank thrust between.
Death, everywhere death, except in the wretched frame of
an old house, and it suggested death.

"The old log house and its appointments would not have
served Washington's troops at \''alley Forge. Neither he
nor his men would have been left to tell the tale. Yet here
dwells the Daughter of the American Revolution. She m.et
us at the door, — this old woman, bowed over with rheuma-
tism and leaning upon a staff, her daughter, a woman of
seventy years, a widow of a Mexican soldier ; her grand-
daughter, and a three-year old great-granddaughter make
up the household. Four generations under one roof, or
rather under one set of eaves, — for the roof is leaky. The
great-grandmother, the daughter of a Scotch-Irish Presby-
terian elder, a soldier at Cowpens and King's Mountain
the great-grandchild, the daughter of who knows whom.

"The old woman had a modest way of explaining to me
that the three-year old curly-head was Becky's child. We
didn't have it in our hearts to turn her off when the child
was born, seein' how the father in the parable took back
home his son after the son had wasted his substance in
riotous livin'. The father didn't reproach the son none.
He kissed him. We did feel sorter hurt with Becky, but
we let her come back.'

"Those three women living alone, in the depths of a great
forest, digging roots and drying blackberries and peaches
for a livelihood, afforded me an interesting study.

"They displayed, with much delight, a gold spoon, pre-
sented as a souvenir of their ancestor's service in the
Revolutionary War. It was presented by the National So-
ciety,— a beautiful thing, prettily engraved and inscribed.
They showed it to me. I mentally commented that five
or ten dollars would be of more service to this poor family
than a gold spoon hidden away in a woollen rag; and that

64 Story of the Records

such a gift would have been more appropriate. I offered
to buy the spoon at twice its value. But not so. The old
lady rewrapped her treasure and hid it in her bosom.

"This was what she said: 'Yes, we need money for meal,
flour and bacon ; but I'll hold on to this spoon a while yet.
It was give to me because my father fought for his country.
I'll keep it for his sake. Some of the folks wants to have
it put in my coffin when I die ; but I'll give it to Becky's
daughter, if she promises to be a lady and keep it. No,
stranger, I am much obleeged to you for your money, but I
can't sell my spoon.'

"Eugene Douglass explained to me as we came away,
that through him the Treasurer General of the Daughters
of the American Revolution had been sending the old lady
a money contribution every month for several months. I
am determined to add my mite, especially since I have wit-
nessed that she was a worthy daughter of her father."
This simple story, so pathetic, is enough to carry conviction
to every Daughter's heart, that so long as a Real Daughter
is to be found in this Republic, she shall have the honor of
this gift from the Society.

CHAPTER VII.

PATRIOTIC WORK OF THE SOCIETY.

ROM the beginning of the Spanish-American
War, in April 1898, every Daughter of the
American Revolution, from the highest to the
humblest, manifested an earnest desire to assist
the government in any and every possible
way in its great undertaking of prosecuting the war to a
speedy completion. In this she proved herself worthy of
her noble ancestry, from whom she had inherited her patri-
otic sentiments. A meeting of the National Board of
Management of the Society was called in April, when it was
decided to offer to the President of the United States, and
the Surgeon General of the Army and Navy, the services
of the Society of the Daughters of the American Revolu-
tion, and to hold themselves in readiness to respond to any
demand for service that might be called for, assuring them
that the society was thoroughly organized throughout the
country, or in all the states, for such emergencies, and that
it needed but the word calling to service, when they would
be found ready to respond. At that meeting of the Board
it was determined to form a Hospital Corps for direct work.
The announcement soon came from Surgeon General
George M. Sternberg, that the War Department would turn
over to an accredited committee of the Society of "Daugh-
ters," appointed by the National Board, all applications of
women nurses to be assigned for duty by this committee.

The applications amounted to 4,600. From this list,
every nurse put upon the rolls had to send her certificate
from the training school from which she graduated, and
from this list one thousand nurses were sent out in com-
pliance with the call from the Surgeon General. Fifty
times he made the demand for nurses, and not once was

66 Story of the Records

this demand made that the quota was not filled within
twenty-four hours. The amount of hard work accomplished
by these women is beyond calculation and cannot be over
estimated. The "Daughters of the American Revolution
Hospital Corps" was the general name applied to all volun-
teers for active service, and, also, to the members of the
Society who endorsed them ; the officials were to be a
director, two assistants, and a treasurer. The following
were the officers elected by the National Board : — Dr. Anita
Newcomb McGee, Director ; Miss Mary Desha and Mrs.
Francis S. Nash, Assistant Directors ; Mrs. Amos Draper,
Treasurer.

In addition to the D. A. R. Hospital Corps, another com-
mittee was formed, in view of the fact that many of the
families of the men who had gone to the front were in
needy condition, and the soldiers and sailors, were lacking
many comforts. A War Committee, composed of the
National Board of Management, of which Mrs. Manning,
President General, was Chairman, with the additional names
of Mrs. George M. Sternberg, Mrs. Charles H. Alden, Mrs.
J. C. Breckenridge, Mrs. A. W. Greeley. Mrs. Philip Hitch-
born, and Mrs. Elizabeth Blair Lee.

This Committee was to raise a fund, to be known as the
D. A. R. War Fund. The Treasurer General of the
national society was also elected treasurer of the War
Fund. A Sub-Committee of the War Committee was also
formed to have charge of all disbursements of the War
Fund. This Committee was as follows: Mrs. Russell B.
Alger, Chairman ; Mrs. Stakely, Mrs. Hatch, Mrs. Taplin,
Mrs. Sperry, Mrs. Fairbanks, Mrs. Frye, and Mrs. O'Neill.
A grand work was accomplished through the War Com-
mittee and the Hospital Corps, and through its accomplish-
ment, the question so often asked, "What was the Society
of the D. A. R. organized for?" was answered to some ex-
tent for "Service in the time of the country's need."

Dr. Anita Newcomb McGee in one of her reports has left
this record, — "Some fifty times has the Surgeon General

Story of the Records 6"/

of the Army called on the Daughters of the American
Revolution Hospital Corps to designate suitable nurses for
a specified duty, and these calls rang-c from a half a dozen
to one hundred and fifty nurses in a single order. The
total number thus appointed was in the neighborhood of one
thousand nurses — a regiment of women. Realizing, as we
fully did, that there was a great principle at stake, we
exercised the greatest care in the preparation of our list
of eligible women. First of all, the candidate must be of
virtuous character and suitable age ; second, she must pos-
sess good health ; — third, she must have the training, which
is essential to the successful prosecution of her work. This
last requisite was one that recent progress has made not
only possible, but absolutely necessary to secure the best
results, and the only sure policy to follow, with safety to
the sick soldiers, was to demand actual graduation from
a training school.

"The correspondence entailed was enormous. The
visitors, also, who inquired in person were numerous. The
officers were at their post daily from 8 a. m. till up. m.,
but after all it must be evident that we alone could not have
accomplished all that has been done. To begin with, there
were the Washington Daughters who worked daily with
us. It is by reason of their devotion, that it is not until within
the month of September that any paid clerical assistance
has been necessary.

"We must not fail, however, to add that help was received
from many whom were not Daughters, yet whose patriotic
impulses led them in the direction of our Daughters.
Then our Daughters' committees ; to begin geographically ;
in Boston, we had a never failing source of strength in
Mrs. Daggett, of the Old Colony Chapter. She had her
Boston nurses so well in hand, that if we were in need, we
had only to telegraph her, and the half dozen extra ones
would be available in a few hours.

"In New York, Miss Vanderpool. Regent of the Mary
Washington Colonial Chapter, and Mrs. Alexander, Regent

68 Story of the Records

of the William Ellery Chapter, of Rhode Island, were of
great assistance, and the same is true of Mrs. Roberts, State
Regent of Pennsylvania ; and Mrs. Harrison, Regent of the
Philadelphia Chapter. In Cincinnati, Miss Laws, chapter
regent, and in Cleveland, Mrs. Stephen — may their names
ever be blessed — were Chairmen of Committees ; the one in
Bufifalo Chapter, under Mrs. Minton, and Mrs. Williams, did
workthatcanonly be described as ideal. Mrs. Dickson, Regent
of the Chicago Chapter, after working for some time alone,
also, formed a fine committee, with Mrs. Frederick Smith
as Chairman. In St. Louis, we could always depend upon
Mrs. Shields, State Regent; and Mrs. Bascomb, chapter
Regent; while in Detroit, Mrs. Chittenden, Regent, Louisa
St. Clair Chapter, never failed us. After gratefully nam-
ing Mrs. Hadden, of New Orleans, we must return to Mrs.
Palmer, of the Irondequoit Chapter, Rochester, New York,
the Superintendent of the Rochester City Hospital. For-
tunate, indeed, were the Daughters to have had so uniquely
competent a representative, and admirable in all respects has
been her work. Other Daughters to whom we are especi-
ally indebted, are Mrs. McCartney, Regent of Wyoming
Valley Chapter ; Dr. Rose, Regent Col. Crawford Chapter,
Pennsylvania ; Mrs. Carrier, Elmira, New York ; Mrs.
Alunyon, Regent Marion Chapter, Pennsylvania ; Mrs. Pem-
broke Thom, State Regent of Maryland. It is unfortun-
ately impossible to name all the Daughters who co-operated
with us.

"In accordance with the authority under which we acted,
as an Examining Board of women nurses for the Govern-
ment, all other organizations which desired to recommend
such nurses co-operated with us. Chief among these, is the
Red Cross Society of New York, Mrs. Winthrop Cowdin
is its acting President, and Mrs. Whitelaw Reid, its Sec-
retary. This Society has not only furnished a large num-
ber of nurses, but has been of incalculable benefit in pro-
viding nurses with board at certain posts, where it was not
convenient for the Government to do so; in supplying

Story of t lie Records 69

luxuries at many places, and in paying for the transporta-
tion of nurses in order that they might reach the sick at the
earliest possible moment.

"The Woman's National War Relief Association, of which
Mrs. Ellen Hardin Walworth, is Director; and Miss Helen
Gould, Acting Director, has paid for the maintainance of
nine nurses at Fort Monroe, Va., and it, also, sent a check
for a thousand dollars for transportation of nurses. The
Red Cross Auxiliary above mentioned, however, providing
everything necessary for this purpose, the check was re-
turned. Other Red Cross Societies have assisted in the
same way.

"Of religious organizations the greatest assistance has
been given by the Sisters of Charity, their superior Mother
Mary Anna of Emmitsburg, Maryland, selected for Army
service no less than two hundred of her best hospital
Sisters, their work was in the highest degree satisfactory
like that of their co-workers, the Sisters of Mercy and the
Sisters of the Holy Cross.

The Protestant Order of St. Margaret sent nurses in
the same way ; and the St. Barnabas Guild was ably and
largely represented. Too much cannot be said in praise of
Miss Ella Loraine Dorsey, Ex-Vice President General,
D. A. R., in her valuable assistance in all matters relating
to the Roman Catholic Sisters, as well as her unvarying
and constant interest in the work of the 'Corps,' and her
earnest co-operation in every project which had for its
object help for the soldiers, and honor for the Daughters."
Too much praise cannot be given to the fine work ac-
complished by the officers of this Corps, — Dr. McGee, Miss
Desha. Mrs. Draper, and Mrs. Nash.

The President, Mrs. Manning, in her address at the next
Congress, made use of these telling and stirring remarks. —
"We meet with a vivid consciousness that we have never
written so much that was so vital in the volume of a single
year. There is the record of our progress and prosperity,
but there is far more than that, we have wrought into the

yo Story of the Records

history of our souls this chapter shadowed by war and
stained with blood. The existence of the Daughters of the
American Revolution has been interwoven with the fibers
of our natures, unfolding beneath the banner of our Nation's
glory. The conflict with Spain was not of our own choos-
ing. The mighty plans of an over-ruling Providence shape
the epochs and its end, leading our Army and Navy as with
pillars of fire to an issue that was down on His plan to the
up-building of a world."

"The year has been the most notable in the career of our
organization. To the Daughters of the American Revolu-
tion, the trained nurses of this country owe their standing
in relation to the United States Government. The Daugh-
ters were awakened throughout this continent and an army
of twenty-seven thousand women met the demands of the
hour. Chapters, great and small, entered into the field.
Note the excitement that shook the land, hear our call
of the master roll of States, — Alabama, Arkansas, Cali-
fornia, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Dela-
ware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisi-
ana, Maine, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, South
Dakota, Ohio, Illinois, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Caro-
lina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wis-
consin, Wyoming, North Carolina, Vermont, Hawaii, — not
one but in its borders has proved itself worthy of being a
star among the constellation of States."

W^e have seen that when the United States Government
called for the services of the Daughters of the American
Revolution in the Spanish-American War, it was because
they were known as a thoroughly organized Patriotic So-
ciety, ready for any emergency when the country needed
them. From this call one thousand nurses were sent by
them into the Hospitals, fifty thousand garments were made
by their hands and forwarded to the sick and suffering and
three hundred thousand dollars in money was raised to

Story of the Records 71

help the famiHes of soldiers and send delicacies to the sick.
Not satisfied with the provisions already laid out for as-
sistance to the government in caring for the suffering
soldiers and sailors, twenty-five hundred dollars was raised
to purchase the steam launch D. A. R. for the hospital ship
Missouri.

Added to the work of the Daughters who served under
the direction and instruction at headquarters of the National
Society, was that of the New York Society Chapter, Mrs.
Donald McLean, Regent.

On April 30, the Chapter unanimously resolved to
raise a War Fund, for which purpose they decided to hold
an orchestral and promenade concert at popular prices.
The concert took place at the Ninth Regiment Armory on
West 14th Street. Fifteen hundred dollars was realized
from this entertainment. This sum, the chapter divided into
practically equal quantities, one half to be expended as
directed by the Government, and one half in Red Cross
work.

Another line of activity was pursued by this Chapter
with gratifying success, that was the formation of the
Soldier's Library. They appealed to the general public
for books, magazines, illustrated papers, etc., and nearly
ten thousand volumes were collected, and forwarded to
the soldiers in camp, and to sailors on the sea. The Chapter,
also, contributed one hundred dollars to the "Battle Ship
Maine Martyrs' Monument Fund."

All this work of these patriotic women was accomplished
with such dispatch, every order so promptly complied with,
and the administration of the nurses proved so valuable,
that the Government has opened its official doors, and the
White-Cap and Apron Brigade have become a permanent
adjunct to the Army organization. All honor to the brave
women who took the heat and burden of this work. This
year's work was a glory to any administration and an honor
gallantly won by the Daughters of the American Revolu-
tion.

y2 Story of the Records

It matters very little what men in the beginning of the
War thought of their ability to cope with all the new con-
ditions without the ministering aid of women. With the
days came the lessons and duty to the hearts of the women,
and they took it up over this broad land, and when they
walked blind-folded, not knowing the path, or whither the
door where God's ministering angels were sending them,
they walked steadily on, and behold the doors were opened,
and they entered the camps of the dying; the hospitals of
the wounded, — it was the cup of cold water, in His name,
given by gentle hands, the nourishing food, the clean white
garments, the tender care, that put a new hope into the
hearts of our boys and helped them back to life. We do
not think it will take long to get an answer from these
boys, what the status of women will be in the future, if war,
pestilence or calamity should again befall us.

Of the nurses regularly serving in the United States
Army, under contract for the first time, in the history of the
country, thirteen died in the line of duty in Cuba and
Porto Rico.

The United States Government has given the Association
of the Spanish War nurses a plot of ground in the National
Cemetery at Arlington, and they have erected on it a digni-
fied and appropriate monument. A call has been issued by
the Ex-members of the Hospital Corps, Miss Mary Desha,
Mrs. Bell Merritt Draper, and Miss Ella Loraine Dorsey, who
are also Honorary Officers of the Spanish-American War
Nurses Association, to the regents of chapters throughout
the country in which they made this statement and appeal:
"The nurses have undertaken this work themselves, but we
feel that these dead are our dead, for we sent them forth
to the lasting credit of our Society, and they served and
died at their posts to the eternal credit of womankind.

"We have thought each Chapter might desire the
privilege of contributing one dollar to this monument by
way of recording on its minutes its recognition of the
courage and devotion of these nurses who went to the front

Story of the Records 73

throug-h the Hospital Corps of the Daughters of the Ameri-
can Revolution, who died in line of duty."

It is pleasant to record that the monument was finished
some time ago, and stands as a beautiful memorial of
Woman's devotion to her country, and was dedicated with
appropriate services.

CHAPTER VIII.

MEMORIAL CONTINENTAL HALL.

T is recorded that it was a favorite project of
General Washington that memorial buildings
should be erected for the Thirteen Colonial
States in the City of Washington. As the
years passed, the subject would occasionally
come up in Congress ; — ten, twenty, and fifty years went
by, — each time the matter was brought up in the United
States Congress, it would be postponed, until at last the
session would come and go and the subject would not re-
ceive even honorable mention. When the century mark
was reached, there arose in the land the patriotic Society
of the Daughters of the American Revolution, and
one of the first acts of this organization, October i8, 1890,
was to pass a resolution for a fireproof building, to be used
as a Museum for Revolutionary relics, with the possessions
and records of the Society ; a meeting place for the Society —
in short, a building which would carry out the idea of
Washington, — a Memorial building.

This resolution was offered at the continued meeting of
October nth, which occurred on October 18th, 1890, by
Mary S. Lockwood (see manuscript minutes in archives at
D. A. R. headquarters). This resolution was followed by
one offered by Mrs. Mary McDonald one year later, Oc-
tober II, 1891, (see manuscript records) as follows: "That
all charter fees and all Life Memberships shall be set apart
for the nucleus of a building fund." Mrs. F. W. Boynton,
in her appendix to the first Smithsonian report of the So-
ciety (page 7), said, — "Both resolutions carried, and to
those two women belongs the honor of the first suggestion
of the Continental Hall and practical means of securing it."

Story of the Records 75

Thus building a Continental Hall was one of the earliest
interests of the society, as is shown by the fact, that at the
first official conference of State and Chapter Regents, held
October 6th and 7th, 1891, Mrs. Mary V. Ellet Cabell gave
a spirited address urging that Continental Hall should en-
list general attention and obtain substantial aid from the
Daughters of the American Revolution. (First report to
the Smithsonian Institution.)

On October 24, 1891, one year after the first resolution
for a building was passed in Board meeting, Mrs. Ellen
Hardin Walworth offered a resolution suggesting that the
building be known as the "Memorial Manor" of the Daugh-
ters of the American Revolution, asking for a committee
to be appointed to consider ways and means for the erec-
tion of such a building (see early records). The name
"Memorial Manor" was afterwards discussed, and "Me-
morial Continental Hall" was adopted.

November nth, 1891, at a meeting held at Mrs. Cabell's
the President, Mrs. Harrison, presiding, the consideration
of the subject of a Continental Hall was strongly recom-
mended by her, and each of her successors has made it an
object of earnest solicitation.

At the time of the first Continental Congress, held in the
church of Our Father, February 22, 22,, 24, 1891, six
hundred and fifty dollars had been accumulated for the
permanent building fund. Each succeeding Congress re-
garded this as a very important object of endeavor. Each
year the generous contributions of enthusiastic members
come pouring in, which has added to the permanent fund.

Alembers from the first fostered the feeling that in carry-
ing out this wish of Washington's, they would have the co-
operation of the United States Congress, and they pe-
titioned for a site. This was granted, and a piece of ground
was given them. It was afterward proven that there was
a clause in the title preventing the erection of a building
thereon. A communication from the Chairman of the
Committee of the U. S. Congress made this fact known, and

76 Story of the Records

announced that another site would be given in its place;
but before action could be taken another congress was
convened, a new king reigned — not of the house of Jacob.
— and one man defeated the will of Congress by refusing to
recognize the maker of the bill, on the floor. This was
Speaker Henderson. Mrs. Caroline Scott Harrison had
this project much at heart. At her last visit to the Board
meeting, March, 1892, she said, "Daughters, do not falter
in your work until Continental Hall is completed."

The Presidents, one after another, — Mrs. Adlai
Stevenson, Mrs. John W. Foster, and especially Mrs. Daniel
Manning, labored incessantly to secure what had once be-
longed to the Daughters. At last, wearied by the long de-
lay and by the advice of friends in the U. S. Congress, the
Daughters decided to purchase their own ground whereon
to build Memorial Continental Hall, which purchase was
made June 3, 1902, under the leadership of Mrs. Fairbanks,
President General.

A superb location was secured by action of Mrs. Augusta
Danforth Geer and Mrs. Miranda B. Tulloch, with the as-
sistance of Judge A. C. Geer, who had been made a com-
mittee to find a site and bring it before the Continental Hall
Committee for approval. This society should hold this
committee in grateful remembrance for their kind offices
in securing this desirable location for Memorial Con-
tinental Hall.

Thus, after fifteen years of generous, united efifort, "to
have and to hold, forever," a site upon which to build
Continental Hall, the object so long sought was obtained,
and the members of the Society rejoiced greatly together
at the happy consummation. It is a beautiful and suitable spot
for the purpose, situated on Seventeenth Street, extending
from D to C Street, facing the public park known as the
"White Lot," and is between the Corcoran Art Gallery on
the North, and the Washington University Site on the
South. Henceforth, American History will be magnificently
centred between Art and Literature. The net expense of
the ground was $50,266.17.

Story of the Records yy

On the Twelfth anniversary of the foundinf^f of the Society,
October eleventh, 1902, the ceremony of breaking the ground
was appropriately celebrated. The President, Mrs. Cor-
nelia Cole Fairbanks, surrounded by many distinguished
Daughters, invoked the God of Nations, and consecrated
the place upon which they stood, to high and holy purposes.
Forty thousand Daughters of the American Revolution re-
joiced with their President, that the first practical step had
been taken which should lead to the consummation of this
patriotic enterprise. When the process of breaking the
ground was going on, Mrs. Fairbanks and Mrs. Lockwood
marched out in the rain and shoveled some of the earth
into flower-pots. In one, IVIrs. Lockwood planted thirteen
Osage Orange seeds, to represent the thirteen original
States, and enough in the other to supply the remaining
forty-five States with a "Liberty Tree." These w^ere cared
for in the propagating garden of the Agricultural Depart-
ment. At the following Congress, the roll of the famous
"thirteen" commonwealths, which drove the dragon flag
of St. George and all the King's men off the soil of the
former British Colonies, was again called, and the regent
of each state, including the forty-five State Regents, as
called, received the plant assigned to it to be taken within
its borders and planted in some public park or place, where
it will be seen as a perennial reminder of the ceremonial
ground breaking; and, also, to typify the expansion of the
principles of the struggle for American Independence, the
growth of the Society, and the perpetuation of the Spirit
of '76. In the history of this tree, the osage orange of the
the Osage Indians, has a Colonial, Continental, and Con-
stitutional, as well as a rejuvenated Daughters of the
American Revolutionary history. Many of the state societies
have held impressive ceremonies over this patriotic tree
planting. As the years go on the trees will be emblematic
of the height, breadth, and fruitage of this organization.

The following February, a handsome silk flag, the gift of
the "Sons" of the American Revolution of the District,

78 Story of the Records

was raised over the site of Continental Hall in the presence
of the delegates to the Congress, visiting and resident
Daughters. The daily floating of this flag over this ground
attests the legal right of the society in this property as
authorized by the District Commissioners.

An important step was the announcement of a compe-
tition open to all American Architects of plans for the build-
ing. For two years the Committee on Architecture worked
faithfully, with Mrs. Lindsay as Chairman. Out of
seventy plans in competition that of Mr. Edward P. Casey
was chosen. The type of architecture may be characterized
as "Colonial-Classic." All materials were to be American;
the structure to be of marble. On the south side of the
building there is to be a memorial colonnade in honor of the
thirteen original States. The general plan is simple and
chaste ; each detail having been carefully considered.

The following April found the work so far advanced
on this beautiful structure that is to commemorate the men
and the women of the Revolution, that the corner stone
was laid with imposing ceremonies, April 19, 1904, the an-
niversary of the Battle of Lexington.

In the early afternoon, the members of the Thirteenth
Continental Congress, D. A. R. assembled at Chase's
Theatre, and preceded by the Minute Men, the President
General, and the National Board, the Vice Presidents, the
State Regents, Delegates, and Daughters, — walked from
Chase's Theatre to the south of the Treasury Building, passed
the White House Gardens, the State. War and Navy De-
partment, to the Square, which every Daughter has already
learned to love. This Memorial Building will always be a
satisfactory object of contemplation.

It was an inspiring sight which met the eyes, on that
happy day. Old Glory floated over every vantage point ;
the fife and drum were there, with military music, and a
joyous festive air pervaded the scene.

The ceremonies attending the laying of the corner
stone were in charge of the Masons, and were celebrated

S f 0 7'y of the Records 79

with Masonic Rites. The gravel was the one used by Georc^c
Washington, in Laying the Corner Stone of the National
Capitol, September 18, 1793, which was afterward pre-
sented to the Potomac Lodge. The exercises were opened
by singing "My Country 'Tis of Thee," led by the Marine
Band. The Rev. Edward Everett Hale, Chaplain of the
United States Senate, made the Invocation. The Children
of the American Revolution then saluted the flag.

The President General, Mrs. Charles W. Fairbanks, was
introduced by Col. Simmonds, and delivered the opening
address, which was pointed and forceful, stirring the vast
audience with enthusiasm. It was in part as follows :

"Daughters of the American Revolution and Friends:
On this historic date we gather to pay reverent homage to
the memory of the men and women who gained and be-
queathed to us the priceless heritage of home and country.
In laying the corner stone of this memorial, dedicated to
those who loved freedom better than wealth or power, we
perform a grateful and pleasing duty. The spacious marble
hall which will soon rear its beautiful proportions will ex-
press the broad comprehensive view entertained by this so-
ciety of those immortal characters to whom gratitude is
due.

"It is not alone erected to the great statesmen who laid
the ground-work of our liberties ; not only to the generals
who planned our armies, who, foreseeing troubles, planned
to meet them, and, suffering defeat, conquered at last ; not
alone to the great sea captains who organized our infant
Navy; not alone to Rebecca Mott, who burned her own
home to clear the way for liberty's army ; not alone to Molly
Pitcher, who, when death claimed her husband, took up the
work he was carrying on ; but to all brave men of the line,
to all the women of the spinning wheel ; Memorial Con-
tinental Hall is dedicated to all of these, and many more.
The great events, fond wishes, and unstinted labor of
thirteen years have brought us to this long-looked-for,
long-prayed-for epoch in our Society's history.

8o Story of the Records

"The great purpose of Memorial Continental Hall,,
formulated at the society's initial meetings, and since con-
stantly enlarged and developed, was twofold : First, to pre-
serve the memory to those who consecrated this land to
freedom ; second, to furnish an administrative building for
the great society founded by their descendants.

"When completed it will symbolize the work, contribu-
tions, and beliefs of thousands of the Republic's patriotic
women, and we have saving faith to believe that for ages
it will stand as a temple illuminated by the sacred lamp
kept trimmed and burning by the daughters of patriotic
ancestors, and will furnish a shrine to which future genera-
tions will repair to renew inspiration in liberty's great work.

"Yon majestic shaft in honor of the Father of American
Independence looks down upon it, and near by is the home
of our National Executive. Truly a glorious historic en-
vironment.

"It is a pleasure to meet you under these auspicious
circumstances, when the near approach of an event, eman-
ating from your aspirations and beliefs, thrills your hearts
with patriotic emotion. To-day, under sunny skies, fanned
by gentle breezes, surrounded by appreciative countrymen
and countrywomen, with sacred and military observances,
with grand national music, with the impressive rites of a
great mystic brotherhood, in the presence of its early
workers and promoters, and aided by its noble founders,
the National Society of the Daughters of the American
Revolution lays the corner stone of its greatest work, its
tribute to the patriots who achieved American Independ-
ence. The corner stone will now be laid with Masonic
ceremonies."

Mr. Frederick Denison Owen was the designer and
architect of the beautiful Court where were seated the five
thousand guests, and was also the decorator of the
Program, which came from the hands of the Program
Committee, of which Mrs. Miranda Tulloch was Chairman.
Mr. Owen gave further evidence of his interest by do-

Story of the Records 8i

nating the silver trowel used during the dedicatory cere-
monies.

Mrs. Wm. P. Jewett, of Minn., the Chairman of the
Corner Stone Committee, handed the articles to be placed
in the Corner Stone to the Masonic Grand Master, and
these were placed in a large copper box which will lie in the
Corner Stone so long as Mem.orial Hall shall stand.
Among the 50 articles placed in the box, was the Holy
Bible, property of a Revolutionary soldier ; portraits of the
President Generals ; portraits of the four founders ; list of
active officers and Continental Hall Committee ; Constitution
and By-Laws; National Society's Articles of Incorporation.

First volume of the Lineage Book. First and last volume
of the official organ, the American Monthly Magazine.
First printed matter as issued by Mrs. de B. Randolph
Keim, regarding Continental Hall.

Report of Committee on Architectural Program.

Documents of D. A. R. hospital work in Spanish War,
1898.

History of the National Society of the Children of the
American Revolution.

"Insignia."

Copy of the Star Spangled Banner.

Autograph list of clerks at headquarters, D. A. R.

Daily papers ; current issues, etc.

Following the placing of the articles in the box, Mrs.
Fairbanks, Miss Desha, Mrs. Mary S. Lockwood, Mrs. Ellen
Hardin Walworth, descended to the Corner Stone, and
Vv^ith trowel spread mortar upon the corner stone.

Mrs. Teunis Hamlin, Chaplain General, offered the
dedicatory prayer. Then followed a brief address by Mrs.
Walworth ; and the ceremonies were closed by a benediction
offered by Dr. Bristol of the Metropolitan M. E. Church ;
and a recess taken until the night meeting at the theater,
when greetings were given by those who had worked and
labored for the cause they so much loved.

The first to be presented to the audience was Mrs. Mary
6

82 Story of the Records

S. Lockwood, who briefly told whose names Memorial
Continental Hall would commemorate, — the heroic women
and the men of the Revolution.

Mrs. Daniel Lothrop, the organizer and first President of
the Children of the American Revolution, gave a notable
greeting.

Mrs. Masury, State Regent of Mass., gave her reasons
why Massachusetts should lead in this work of such an or-
ganization.

Mrs. George M. Sternberg, Chairman of the Ways and
Means Committee, spoke of the success of collecting funds
for this beautiful building.

Mrs. William Lindsay, of Kentucky, emphasized the
over-sight of our people in not having already erected a
monument to Revolutionary heroes.

Mrs. Sara T. Kinney, State Regent of Connecticut,
brought greetings from the four thousand members of the
Society of her State.

Mrs. Getchell, of Pennsylvania, brought greetings from
the Keystone State, as well as an abundant assurance of a
helpful kind.

Mrs. de B. Randolph Keim spoke of the realization and
of the substantial commemoration of the deeds of the
founders, fathers, and mothers of the Republic, by their
Daughters of the American Revolution.

Mrs. Matthew T. Scott, Vice President General from
Illinois, brought greetings, and spoke of the influence of the
American women on the body politic.

Following her. Mrs. John A. Murphy, Vice President of
Ohio, gave her convictions of the wonderful results that
would follow the erection of Continental Hall, one of which
would be the impression it would make upon foreign
nations.

Mrs. William Gerry Slade. President of the Daughters
of 1812, heartily greeted her elder sisters in patriotic work.

Mrs. O. J. Hodge, State Regent of Ohio, spoke of the
struggles endured, and victories won in making the work a
possibility.

Story of the Records 83

Mrs. S. A. Richardson. State Regent of South Carolina,
paid a glowing tribute to her State, and enjoined upon men
and women to point to Continental Hall as an epitome of
American History.

Miss Stringfield, State Regent of North Carolina, said
this palace beautiful will attest the love and reverence in
which the memory of the women of the Revolutionary
days are held by their descendants, and that it would stand
for deeds that should not pass away, and names that must
not wither.

Mrs. Charlotte Emerson Main, State Regent of the Dis-
trict of Columbia, brought greetings of one thousand
Daughters, and hoped the days would prove a stepping-
stone to a still higher ideal in fraternity and loyalty.

Mrs. Leo Knott brought greetings from Maryland, and
reminiscences from the small meetings in that upper room
in the early days of the organization, contrasting this
occasion in happy words with the meeting of that day.

Telegrams were read by Mrs. Walter Weed, from the
absent members, Mrs. Daniel Manning, Mrs. Letitia Steven-
son, Mrs. Virginia Ellet Cabell, Mrs. Nellie S. Weed, and
Mrs. Sallie Newcomb Page.

So ended the interesting exercises of the Laying of the
Corner Stone of Memorial Continental Hall.

DEDICATION OF MEMORIAL CONTINENTAL HALL.

The grand finale to Mrs. Fairbanks' administration was
the dedication of Continental Hall. By her activity in making
manifest the need of diligent work in the States, to many
of which she presented the case in person, — in arousing by
personal appeal the ambition of the Daughters to build
this great memorial of the organization ; by never allow-
ing the subject to lie dormant ; but. by constantly dropping
a word in season, it came about that the work of the years
preceding her Presidency needed but the impulse she could
give to bring it to a happy fruition. Therefore, it was dur-

84 Story of the Records

ing her administration the site was purchased, the corner
stone laid, and lastly, the dedication of the building.

The fourteenth Continental Congress opened with the
imposing ceremonies of Dedication of Memorial Continent-
al Hall. While the building was not yet complete, the
white marble and steel construction had progressed so far
that the annual Congress could be held therein. Any ap-
pearance of incompleteness had disappeared under the
magic hand of Mr. Frederick D. Owen, to whom the
Daughters owe so much for the artistic conception of the
decorations. The tasteful arrangement of the great Ameri-
can flags festooned with smilax, beautiful palms, and ever-
greens, produced a most pleasing impression, and it is not
likely that the hall will ever again present a more attractive
appearance than on this notable occasion, when the Presi-
dent and her staff; the members of the Board; the high
dignitaries ; and invited guests ; the delegates to the Con-
tinental Congress ; visiting Daughters and their friends,
first looked upon this vision of delight.

Patriotism and love of country formed the key-note of
the ceremonies in dedication of Memorial Continental Hall.
These were simple, interesting, and in perfect taste.

France, in the person of her Ambassador, Mon. J. J.
Jusserand, joined hands with America, as it had joined
hands with the colonies in the days of the Revolution. The
Invocation v/as by the Right Reverend Henry V. Satterlee,
Bishop of Washington ; the prayer by the Reverend Doctor
H. Pereira Mendes, Minister of the Spanish and Portu-
guese of New York. After patriotic music by the Marine
Band, a courtesy extended by the United States Govern-
ment, Mrs. Fairbanks said in part:

"This dedication marks the realization of a resolution
passed at the first meeting of our Society, October, 1890,
'to erect a fireproof museum for revolutionary relics, pos-
sessions, and records of the Society.' Through varying
fortunes and passing years, that plan has grown stronger,
and with its growth becomes broader and more glorious in

Story of the Records 85

its ideals, so that to the *'fireproof" museum has been added
the archives, the offices, the auditorium, and finally, last
and most beautiful, this memorial feature. The fact that
a Society of women erects the structure makes it unique.
Its memorial feature renders it sacred and great.

"It is a tribute of gratitude to the wise promoters of the
War for Independence, to the heroic men who on land and
sea achieved its triumphs, to those generous-hearted allies
from foreign lands, whose services may not be forgotten ;
to those loyal earnest women, the mothers of the Revolution,
that grand reserve corps of its army, which materially
aided its cause, for they sowed the fields, wove the cloth
and fashioned the garments which their soldiers wore, and
held the fortress of the home as a haven to which might
return those who fought the battles which made of the
struggling Colonies a vast Republic.

"This Memorial Continental Hall, which we dedicate to-
day, is an acknowledgment which America owes to those
who planned the mighty Revolution, those who managed
its campaigns, conquered its foes, founded the greatest
nation on earth, and formulated the beneficent laws for its
government. Their sufferings, their devotion, not for their
time alone, but for the long future, deserves, and now hr.s
received, the hearty, unreserved recognition of those who
are glad to name them.selves Daughters of the xA.merican
Revolution.

"This memorial building, only partially completed, is
also designed for the headquarters for the society, its walls
to be adorned by its members with artistic delineations of
the thrilling deeds of an eventful period, a repository for
the interesting and sacred relics of a sacred time ; an ample
auditorium, where will be held the Congresses of our So-
ciety, a hearthstone around which shall gather the Daugh-
ters from the North, the South, the East, and the West.
even from the Islands of the sea. where each shall find a
greeting, a welcome home.

"The Greeks thought it a duty to build monuments of

86 Story of the Records

remembrance to the visitors of Salamis and Thermopylae.
The Daughters of the American Revolution consider it not
only their duty, but have joy in the thought that in the erec-
tion of this modern Parthenon, they render tribute to warri-
ors, who fought, not for dominion, but for the holy cause
of home and country.

"It is truly a memorial to patriots, it is also an incentive
to all who behold it to keep ever living and active the prin-
ciples of justice and liberty upon which it was founded.
It is the mute, yet eloquent, protest against forgetfulness
of American ideals, of American justice, and American
humanity. It is also the physical expression of the belief
of the society, whose possessions and pride it is, for it
brings to mind the lessons of patriotism, the perpetuation
of liberty which that society was founded to promulgate,
whose existence arose from devotion to country and from
the fear that the addition to our country's population of
subjects of despotic monarchies were so imbued with
hatred for government that they might endeavor to sub-
stitute anarchy for law and order, and thus compass the
fall of the most humane and liberal institution of govern-
ment ever known — those of republican America.

"From these fears sprang the Society of the Daughters
of the American Revolution, v/hich with kindred patriotic
organizations, is reawakening the love for liberty and is
teaching its principles. It believes that its aims are to be
attained best by dififusion of knowledge concerning the men
and women of the Revolutionary period, their beliefs, and
their patriotic work. These are taught by Daughters of
the American Revolution in the great cities of our country
to the children of foreign parentage, as well as to those
who are 'to the manner born.' Study of Revolutionary
history is everywhere encouraged. It is believed that
tablets and monuments erected to immortalize the lovers
of freedom, serve as reminders, as admonition to all who
behold them.

"This society having erected all over the land tablets

Story of the Records 87

and monuments, has at last reared this token of its venera-
tion and gratitude to those who made this country free and
great. Reared it not only for the statesmen and leaders,
but to the men who carried the muskets in the ranks, to the
women at the spinning wheel.

"The Daughters of the American Revolution have reached
a time of which they long have dreamed. A place for
which they long have sought, earnestly worked for and
grandly achieved. The time is this day, April 17, 1905, a
date significant ever more in its annals for now the re-
presentatives of fifty thousand members, of this society as-
sembled in Continental Congress, for the first time in their
own auditorium with their own roof above them, their own
walls surrounding them, their own ground beneath their
feet. The dream has 'come true.' Its reality is sur-
passingly fair, in good sooth, the place is almost holy
ground to the Daughters."

Following the address of Mrs. Fairbanks, Senator
Dolliver, in ringing voice, gave the following glowing
utterances, in a short address that was full of good cheer,
good advice, and kindly praise for the great work ac-
complished, and was as follows :

"We do hereby give tribute to the real artists, the women
who are the daughters of the mothers of the country.
After that we ought to think of the architect who drew the
plans of this building. There can be no question that when
the work is completed you may all say, 'All is well done,'
not only upon the 'dream of the committee,' as referred
to by Mrs. Fairbanks, but in reality I hope to see all this
structure literally dedicated to the memory of the builders
of our country.

"We heartily congratulate you on your splendid achieve-
ments. There is a general misunderstanding of the pur-
pose of this great society — the D. A. R. I did not under-
stand it myself until my wife informed me of its real mis-
sion. I thought it was a great scheme to keep up old
family traditions of the American Revolution. I further

88 Story of the Records

understood that it had originated in Virginia. It did not
seem to fit in our scheme of government.

"When I found how the patriotic women of the country
were gathering up the fragments of the past, I saw that
you had caught the most beautiful idea that has ever been
thought of by any one in this world. There is one thing I
want you to do, and that is for this Society of the Daugh-
ters of the American Revolution to write the history of the
United States. The tendency of history is to smooth things
over and to confuse. Now is the time for a woman to
write this history.

"If you get out of the obligation of writing this history,
you cannot get out of teaching history to the children of the
nation.

"The women are guides of the nation's mind. They
ought to see that their children have a thoroughly reliable
history of the United States, beginning at the very cradle.
They ought to be taught what American statesmen have
done and thought, and what the American women have
suffered, that this divine thing men call their country may
take its position among the nations of the earth.

"We to-day appreciate the virtue of our fore-fathers
and mothers when so much wealth and vice is displayed in
our modern society."

The conclusion of the ceremonies was the address of the
French Ambassador, M. J. J. Jusserand, and prayer by
Bishop Earl Cranston, D. D., of the M. E. Church, and the
benediction by Dr. Wallace RadcliiTe.

The charming and timely address of the Ambassador
was as follows :

"The keeping of a family tradition pre-eminently belongs
to the mother, the wife, the daughter. The first teachings
received in life are those given by the mother: the earliest
seed is the one which endures longest.

"It is fit and natural that the daughters of America
should have thought of fulfilling, and should have fulfilled
so well, their part in preserving the traditions of the great

Story of the Records 89

American family. This splendid "Memorial Hall," en-
dowed with such beauty and raised with such rapidity, is
a token of what they can do. I confess when I heard of the
great project two years ago I had some misgivings, and
thought it was, perhaps, one of those buildings of dream-
land which look so handsome on paper and which are meant
to remain paper things for a longer period than the length
of our lives.

"The dream has, all at once, become a reality ; under the
guidance of our eminent President General, paper has been
turned into marble.

"There is a French proverb saying: 'Telles meres, telles
filles ;' such the mothers were, such the daughters are. It
holds true in this, as can be verified. We know very well
what were the grandmothers of the 'Daughters" of to-day.
We have many contemporary testimonies ; one being
Lafayette's. In the first letter he wrote, after landing in
1777, to his wife, his very dear wife, whom he always calls
'dear heart,' he mentions what strikes him most in the new
country he has just reached ; and he does not forget to
describe the women of America. You will, I hope, pardon
him when you hear that he alludes first to the mere external
and superficial qualities; it is a fact that he declares that
they were very pretty. But adds that their simple and
dignified manners are quite winning ; he has only praise for
them, and he asks his wife to try, for his sake, to make for
herself an American heart.

"There is in this great town another memorial hall, not
without some fame of its own, called the Capitol. I had the
honor some tim.e ago, on an august anniversary, the day
being the 22nd of February, to present to Congress a bust
of Washington, the work of David d'Angers.

"David was a typical French artist; typical by his love
for his art and his country, his love for freedom, and his
love for America. He was never so happy as when he had
to model the statue of some of those heroes whom you
intend specially to honor, in this hall ; he made busts and

90 Story of the Records

statues of Washington, Lafayette, and Jefferson. Having
been ordered by the French government to model a statue
of Guttenburg, he set apart one side of the pedestal for
America, and under pretense of exemplifying the 'Benefits
of Printing' to Americans, he grouped together in a bas-
relief above fifty among the more famous of your national
heroes. Franklin is in the middle, holding to view the new-
printed sheet, on which is to be read the Act of Independ-
ence ; Washington, Jefferson, Hancock, Adams, Lafayette,
and a great many others surround him. It is certainly the
most interesting of his works from the American point of
view, and one very little known.

"David d'Angers, devoted as he was to the cause of
freedom, had to suffer for it. He knew, for a while, the
bitterness of exile, and he rambled some time in Europe,
having for his consolation the company of a young daugh-
ter of his, whom he called his Antigone.

"Well, this daughter still lives, and she has inherited her
father's feelings for the United States. Being a worthy
daughter of France, she wants to show her sisterly friend-
ship for the daughters of America, and she has informed
me that, if agreeable to you, she would be pleased to have
a bronze replica of this bas-relief cast from the original
model to be placed, as a gift and souvenir, among your
'memorials.' The work, being in its way a page of history,
would ans\'wer the views just expressed, with so much
eloquence, by Senator Dolliver.

"From what I see and hear, I gather that this gift from
Mme. Leferme (such is her name) would be acceptable to
you ; she will be informed without delay, and the bronze
work of art will come in due time.

"It will be considered, I hope, among you. Daughters of
the American Revolution, as token and emblem of the un-
broken, and, I dare say, unbreakable, friendship of France
and America."

Thus, after the benediction by Dr. Radcliffe, ended
the dedication of the building the Daughters long

Story of the Records 91

have sought ; a service no Daughter will ever forget,
for each one has a personal interest in Memorial Continental
Hall ; and neither will they ever forget their President
General, Mrs. Charles W. Fairbanks, for her untiring
efforts to bring about this glorious consummation as a
memorial to every daughter of the American Revolution.

One of the pleasant and most impressive incidents of the
first evening of the fourteenth Continental Congress was, the
presentation of a full length portrait of Mrs. Cornelia Cole
Fairbanks. The ceremony took place at night at the be-
ginning of the Jubilee services, just after the opening
prayer had been offered. Mrs. John Miller Horton of
Buffalo, New York, stepped to the front of the platform
and addressing those present made a most felicitous pre-
sentation address, followed by a touching reply from Mrs.
Fairbanks. The portrait was intended as a loving and ap-
preciative token of the regard the Daughters had for their
retiring President General's services for Continental Hall,
and all present who had not already contributed to the
Portrait were later given an opportunity to do so. Thus
Mrs. Fairbank's portrait was the first to be donated to
Continental Hall.

CHAPTER IX.

THE PRESIDENTS GENERAL.

RS. CAROLINE SCOTT HARRISON: The
most important thing in launching a new so-
ciety upon the world is to select a good leader,
and those who organized the Daughters of the
American Revolution were deeply impressed
with this truth. Therefore, in casting about for a president,
they sought for one whose personality would attract and be
acceptible to eligible women from all sections of the
country. For this reason a woman with a sectional repu-
tation was not to be thought of, though, but for this handi-
cap, there were several brilliant women competent for this
office. Naval officers are presumably American without
political or sectional bias, and their families share in this
reputation, — for the whole country, first, last and all the
time. There were wives of two men, — one the wife of an
Admiral, and one of an Assistant Chief Justice of the
Supreme Court, — who were for a while being considered
as "availables." But the choice finally fell to Mrs. Caroline
Scott Harrison, wife of the President of the United States,
who from the first was considered the most desirable can-
didate, but she declined to accept the nomination until the
day the Society organized, October ii, 1890, when her
scruples were overcome, as has been recorded in the first
chapter. It proved to be a happy choice in every way.
She had always been regarded as essentially a domestic
woman, whose homemaking and social accomplishments
fitted her to stand beside her husband as his sympathetic
"help-meet," rather than his ally in the field of politics.
She was well born and well educated, and all these womanly
graces appealed to this class of women, many of whom were
among the first gathered into the new Society. Mrs. Har-

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MRS CAROLINE 300"^"^ HARRISON.

From painting by Danipl Huntington, presented to the United States bv fie Daughters of the American
Revolution.

Story of the Records 93

rison was twice elected to serve as President of the Society,
1890 and 1892, — but she died before the close of her second
term, in October, 1892.

The first President General was g:reatly beloved by those
who knew her intimately, and was highly esteemed by those
who came to know her through the organization. In an
unassuming way she entered upon the duties of the
position, as one who appreciated its importance, as some-
thing more than a mere gathering of a few fortunate
descendants of Revolutionary heroes, but rather as the
head of an organization destined to complete some of the
unwritten pages of history. While not physically strong
enough to take a very active part in the proceedings of the
Society at all times, she did all she could, and was present
at many of the earlier meetings. To the last she cherished
a deep and abiding interest in its progress, always from the
moment she permitted herself to be identified with it, offi-
cially. Her health was undermined at the time she con-
sented to serve, and it was indeed a sad blow to the Society
when she passed away. Mrs. Harrison's memory was held
in such universal esteem, that, when Mrs. Ellen Hardin
Walworth ofifered a resolution at the first D. A. R. Con-
gress after her death for the purpose of having a portrait
of the late President General painted, as a loving tribute
to her worth, and destined to be a gift from the Daughters
of the American Revolution to the Country, to be hung
on the walls of the White House, — the project was received
with great favor. This portrait was completed by the as-
sembling of the Third Continental Congress, February
1893, and, when the presentation took place, the picture
was followed from the Church of Our Father to its final
resting place by all the members of the Congress imtil
a recent period, when the improvements were being so ex-
tensively made in that historic mansion, the fine, full-length,
life-size portrait, painted by Huntington, one of America's
best figure painters, hung in an appropriate place on the
wall of the Blue Parlor, for which Mrs. Harrison had but

94 S f 07'y of the Records

recently chosen the furnishings with such perfect and
delicate taste. "But since the recent "improvements" were
made, all five of the portraits of Presidents' wives, in the
White House, were hung in a bad light in the lower cor-
ridor. Even Andrew's portraits of Martha Washington and
Dolly Madison, placed on the walls of the East Room, ac-
cording to an Act of Congress, shared this ignoble fate for
a time, until rescued by President and Mrs. Roosevelt, as
is the case with some of the other most interesting
historical furnishings of the earlier regimes, to make room
for the comparatively cheap imitations of the furnishings
of a royal salon, and it is supposable that the architect,
who alone is responsible, thought .'Esop's Fables, in the
frieze, quite sufficient to supply their place ! Recently
President and Mrs. Roosevelt have also had the portraits
of Martha and George Washington hung in one of the
State drawing rooms.

Mrs. Caroline Scott Harrison was descended from John
Scott, Acting Commissary of Pennsylvania during the
Revolutionary War. Her father was a clergyman and in-
structor at Oxford, Ohio. Her people were plain people,
high thinkers and simple livers, and she inherited an in-
stinct for homemaking from her mother, which was mani-
fested soon after she came to the White House, she being
the first resident Madam President to see that the kitchens
of the Executive Mansion had a thorough over-hauling and
refitting with every modern convenience. She was a
strong advocate for improving and enlarging the Executive
Mansion, her "plan" still being looked upon favorably
by some not overly pleased with recent changes. She
might be said to be a conservative woman, standing on the
threshold of a new era. still holding fast to the old ideals,
even while stretching forth a timid hand towards some
things new. Mrs. Harrison was ever equal to all that
social position imposed upon her, although failing in
health made it necessary to delegate many of her duties
to her amiable daughter, Mrs. J. R. McKee.

<fj

.AIUS. I.ETniA OKKF.X STKVEXSOX.

S,M-,,i„l I'lvsidcilf (;<.|icl:il.

Story of the Records 95

Mrs. Letitia Green Stevenson : The precedent es-
tablished by the org-anization in the election of Mrs.
Harrison, wife of the twenty-second President of the
United States, to the office of President General was of
undoubted wisdom. This act not only elevated the office
above the rivalries of personal or sectional interest, but gave
the Society at once a national basis, and was found to be of
great importance in keeping out what might eventually end
in state or chapter strife ; and in electing Mrs. Letitia
Green Stevenson, as Mrs. Harrison's successor, it was con-
ceded that she being the wife of Vice-President Adlai
Ewing Stevenson (during Cleveland's first administration)
that fact gave her the necessar}^ Constitutional prominence ;
and Mrs. Stevenson had the rare distinction of running
the gauntlet, successfully, of four D. A. R. annual Con-
gresses, the term in the early days being limited to one year
instead of two as now, and, therefore, it is not possible for
any other presidential candidate to accomplish the same
feat. Mrs. Stevenson at the end of her administration
was the first to receive a loving cup, as a testimonial of
appreciation from her friends.

Mrs. Stevenson's time terminated in 1894, and the inter-
vening year, 1895. was lapsed on account of the extreme
illness and death of a member of her family. During the in-
tervening year, the office was acceptably filled by Mrs. John
W. Foster, the wife of the distinguished statesman, who at
that time was occupying the position vacated by James G.
Blaine, Secretary of the State in President Harrison's Cabinet,
social prestige gave Mrs. Foster her opportunity to dis-
play that hospitality for which she was always distinguished,
and which added so much to the pleasurers of the annual
trip of delegates to the Continental Congress. Mrs.
Foster declined renomination, not wishing to stand against
Mrs. Stevenson, who was again willing to assume the
duties of office as a resource after her recent family bereave-
ment.

Mrs. Stevenson had numerous claims to Revolutionary

96 Story of the Records

blood. Some of it of the best. Among her ancestors were
Joshua Fay, Captain James Speed, of Virginia, and Dr.
Thomas Walker, of Kentucky, although she was born in
Pennsylvania. She was a daughter of Rev. Lewis Warren
Green, and Mary Peachy Fay. Her father, in the year of
her birth, was Professor in the Presbyterian Theological
Seminary in Allegheny City, Pa. She was the great-great-
granddaughter of Joshua Fay, who was in the Continental
service at eighteen years of age. He was a son of the dis-
tinguished Colonel Joshua Fay, at whose death General
Washyigton succeeded to the command of the Virginia
forces. Another of her ancestors, Captain James Speed,
of the Militia, was wounded at the Battle of Guilford Court
House. He removed to Kentucky at the close of the war,
(1782), and was prominent in the formation of the State
government. Dr. Thomas Walker, another patriotic an-
cestor, was a member of the House of Burgesses, and
served on the Committee of Safety. Mrs. Stevenson has
been well educated, and is also one of the conservative type of
women. Her Professor at Walnut Hills Institute, Ohio, said
of her she was a good Latin scholar, read Cicero's Orations,
with ease, and took a high rank in all her studies. She is
the mother of one son and three daughters, the latter of
whom are all members of the Society, through descent of
both father and mother.

* * * *

Mrs. Mary Park Foster: The third President General
of the Society, was born in Indiana, where she
was also educated and married to the Hon. John W.
Foster, while he was a young lawyer struggling
for name and place in life. She is descended from
two of the old pioneers of the State, Captain Silas
Clark and Daniel Read, formerly of Massachusetts.
Her mother was the daughter of Captain Read,
who was the founder of a highly respected family in the
then "Western wilds," where he settled at the close of the
Revolutionary War. Her great-grandfather, Daniel Read,

Story of the Records 97

was a Continental Officer, and her grandfather, Captain
Clark, was wounded at the battle of Monmouth, which
afterwards caused his death. Mrs. Foster and her dis-
tinguished husband were educated in the same College, and
the boy and girl friendship later ripened into something
deeper as the years passed on. Mrs. Foster has a happy
disposition, and as she speaks both Spanish and French
fluently, she has been able to greatly assist her husband
socially in his distinguished diplomatic career. The
Foster home in Washington, D. C, for many years adjoined
the residence of the Mexican Minister, and Madame Ro-
mero, wife of Senor Romero, and Mrs. Foster were warm
friends until that charming lady died. This home has for
many years been one of the most popular houses in the
diplomatic circle in the Capital City.

Mrs. Mary Margaret Fryer jNIanntng: Fourth
President General, was distinguished for a happy grace
of manner, united to good executive ability, which
was of immense advantage to the Board of Management
during her whole term of office. She possessed good stay-
ing quality, and when she had taken a stand, was to be
depended upon to maintain her position. It was during
her term that just such qualities as she possessed were most
needed, and to her is largely due the success of several
important features at that time occupying the attention of
the Board. It was in her regime that the Daughters
of the American Revolution took an active part in sending
nurses and supplies to our soldiers engaged in the Spanish-
American War, in Cuba and elsewhere, the story of which
has been told in another chapter.

One of the incidents of the Tenth Continental D. A. R.
Congress, was passing a resolution of sympathy with King
Edward VII., on the death of his mother. Queen Victoria,
the great and good, if not the best of all the Queens of Eng-
land, the great-granddaughter of the Sovereign, who
caused the rebellion of his subjects, in 1776, to throw ofT

7

98 Story of the Records

the yoke and found this Republic. That the descendants
of these patriots should express in this public manner their
appreciation of England's noblest Queen, a notable wife and
mother, who in all the relations of life fulfilled every duty
pertaining to an exalted womanhood, was indeed one of the
remarkable events brought about by the whirligig of time.

Two important historic events took place in Paris, 1900,
at the great Exposition, at which Mrs. Manning was a guest
of honor, viz., the unveiling of the statue of Washington,
given by the women of America, July 3 ; and the dedication
of the Lafayette monument, the gift of the children of the
United States, July 4.

On February 22, 1900, a joint resolution of the Congress
of the United States, was unanimously passed, enabling the
the President to make the desired appointment of a special
committee to represent the United States Government, and
the Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution
at the Paris Exposition, and Mrs. Manning received an
official Commission from Mr. McKinley, President of the
United States to that effect, which was presented to the
President General of the D. A. R. Congress by the hand
of the late Mrs. William P. Fry, Vice President General
from Maine. Mrs. Manning was received by the President
of the French Republic with distinguished consideration
and accorded a medal of Chevalier of the "Legion of
Honor," such as was given to representatives of other
nations.

The statue of Washington so long planned by the women
of America was at last installed in the Place de lena, on
July 3, 1900, the anniversary of the date when Washington
took charge of the American Army. General Horace
Porter, Ambassador of the United States to France, pre-
sided on this interesting occasion. The statue was pre-
sented in the name of the women of America, by the Hon-
orable John Gowdy, Consul General of the United States,
at Paris, and was unveiled by Mrs. John P. Jones and Mrs.
Daniel Manning, as President General of the National

MKS. MARfJAHET KOYICK MAN.MNC
Fourtli I'l-esidt'iit Gcueial.

Story of the Records 99

D. A. R. Society. The gift was accepted on behalf of the
French Republic by Monsieur Belcasse, French Minister of
Foreign Affairs, with impressive solemnity in the presence
of a great assembly.

The day of days for the Daughters of the American
Revolution, at the Paris Exposition, was July 4th, 1900,
when the American flag for the first time floated from
the pinnacle of the Eiffel Tower and everywhere in con-
nection with the tri-color. On that day was dedicated the
great statue of Lafayette presented by the women and
children of America to the French Republic, on which the
Daughters have placed a tablet to give proof of the grati-
tude to Lafayette for the timely service he gave to this
struggling Republic in its hour of supreme need. Mrs.
Manning gave a felicitious address on the unveiling of the
monument, conveying the best wishes and hopes of the
Daughters of the American Revolution to the children and
people of France.

The tablet placed by the D. A. R. on Lafayette Monu-
ment bears this inscription :

"This tablet is a tribute of the National Society of

The Daughters of

The American Revolution

To THE Illustrious Memory of

LAFAYETTE,

The Friend of America ; the Fellow Soldier

OF WASHINGTON,

The Patriot of Two Countries."

According to the request of the Eighth Continental Con-
gress, D. A. R., the President General. Mrs. Manning, ap-
pointed a Committee to represent the Society at the un-
veiling of the monument. The appointments were Mrs.
Adlai Stevenson, Mrs. John W. Foster; Mrs. Mary S.
Hockwood ; Mary Desha ; Miss Washington, and Mrs. Wal-
worth,— the four Founders.

lOO Story of the Records

While in Paris, Mrs. Manning received the highest
encomiums on the graceful, dignified, and happy manner in
which she performed her duties on that and other occasions.
In this connection it will be of interest to note that the
special badge authorized by the National Society, only
thirteen of which were made, as a memorial of the occasion,
and as of value to their descendants, as well as historically,
one was presented to the Marquise de Chambrun, grand-
daughter of Lafayette, who, through her distinguished kins-
man, the friend of Washington and the American cause,
is a member of the Society of the Daughters of the Ameri-
can Revolution.

The "Grand Prix" was awarded to the D. A. R. exhibit
at the Paris Exposition, where it excited much interest
among those who still sympathize with Republican prin-
ciples. As a matter of justice it should be stated here,
that the two thousand dollars appropriated by the D. A. R.
Congress, to meet the incidental expenses of the President,
Mrs. Manning, while on this Society's business in Paris,
every dollar of it was brought back and returned to the
D. A. R. Treasury, except the amount necessary to defray
the expenses attending the installation of the D. A. R.
Exhibit ; so that all expenses incurred on that occasion must
have been met from her own private purse. As a lasting
memento of a year of brilliant successes, the medal of the
"Legion of Honor" was bestowed, by the President of the
French Republic, upon Mrs. Mary Margaret Manning,
the President General of the Daughters of the American
Revolution.

On all these occasions, Mrs. Manning was a pleasingly
conspicuous figure, as a representative American woman.
And it was, probably, largely due to this circumstance that
she was selected, by the Managers of the Louisiana Pur-
chase Exposition, Chairman of the Board of Lady Man-
agers. In this position she had many delicate and arduous
duties to perform, calling for tact and executive ability,
as she was virtually delegated by the Board of Managers

Story of the Records to i

to extend hospitalities to every Society, holding convoca-
tions in Congress Hall, during the whole six months of the
Fair. There were almost no intervals of rest between
sessions, sometimes several occurring on the same day, but
on all occasions, both at the fair and in her elegant home,
she acquitted herself with great credit.

At the close of her administration as President General,
Mrs. Manning was presented by her friends and admirers
from nearly every State in the Union with a solid gold loving
cup of finest workmanship. On one side of the cup was
the Insignia of the Society, and on the other the following
inscription: — "Presented to Mrs. Margaret Manning,
President General of the Society of the Daughters of the
American Revolution, in loving appreciation of her dis-
tinguished services in the cause of patriotism, and noble
example in holding up the highest standard of womanhood,
February 22, 1901." Mrs. Clark Waring, of South Caro-
lina, introduced a resolution of appreciation of her services,
which was adopted by the Congress, and Mrs. Manning
was then, according to the custom of the Society, elected
Honorary President General for life. These resolutions
were probably more sincere than conventional or perfunc-
tory. Therefore, the Tenth Continental Congress will take
its place in D. A. R. history as an exceptionally brilliant
one, and Mrs. Manning will deservedly receive for it a large
share of the credit.

Mrs. Margaret Fryer Manning was born in New York,
and is a lineal descendant of one of the most distinguished
and patriotic families the Revolutionary period produced.
They were a high-minded family of stout-hearted patriots
• — those Livingstons — and it is easy to see where she gets
some of her qualifications for leadership. She is the great-
granddaughter of Robert Livingston and his wife, Mary
Thong. He was one of the first to respond to the call "To
arms!" and immediately espoused all the responsibility it
imposed ; being well fitted for a soldier's life, from having
served in the "Seven Year War" with the Indians. At the

I02 Story of the Records

opening of hostilities, he gave the use of his foundry to the
cause, and no doubt therefrom in due time came forth
bullets and fire-arms. Not content with this, he pledged his
entire estate for the credit of the Colonies. He belonged to
a remarkable family of patriotic men that history can
scarcely duplicate. His brother, Peter Van Brudge Living-
ston, was a signer of the Declaration of Independence, and
William Livingston was the first Governor of Pennsylvania.
Peter Robert Livingston was Chairman of the Committee
of Safety, and President of the first Provincial Convention.
He was commissioned Colonel of the Tenth Regiment of
the Manor of Livingston, and all the field officers were
kinsmen, and bore the family name. He was in command
at White Plains and Stilhvater. Such was the stock from
which Mrs. Manning sprung.

Mrs. Cornelia Cole Fairbanks: There have been
two Presidents General whose service to the Society
have been pre-eminently distinguished and successful ; these
were ]\Irs. Daniel Manning, and Mrs. Charles Warren
Fairbanks, wife of the brilliant Statesman from Indiana,
now Vice President of the United States. Mrs. Fairbanks
is not a native of Indiana, but. like her husband, of Ohio,
vv'here she was educated and married, — that State which
has produced so many distinguished men and women. Mr.
and Mrs. Fairbanks are both deeply and gratefully attached
to the State and home of their adoption, where some of the
pleasantest and most eventful years of their lives have been
passed.

When Mrs. Fairbanks was elected President General,
those who like to see good Chairmanship were delighted at
the prospect of having so accomplished a presiding officer,
nor were they disappointed. While strictly parliamentary
in her rulings, she, through intuition and a fine
womanly tact, knew when to "yield a point" as well as her
distinguished husband. She may be said to be one of the

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MUS. CORXELIA t'OI.i: FAIRDANK>
Fifth ri-L.si,loiit CoiU'ial.

Story of the Records 103

"New Women," having had much valuable all-round ex-
perience in Women's Clubs.

Mrs. Fairbanks came to the front as President General
at the time the present Vice President of the United States
came into the United States Senate from Indiana ; and as
she was already a member of the Caroline Scott Harrison
chapter, of Indianapolis, and a member of the Board of
Managers of the National Society, as Indiana's State Regent,,
was doubly eligible to the office to which she was elected.
Her administration was begun in the midst of the agitation
of a great business enterprise to which the National Societv
had long been committed. This was the project of build-
ing a Memorial Continental Hall, which was causing lively
discussion and rapidly assuming tangible form. Mrs. Fair-
banks took hold of the subject at the big end. and grappled
with the finances in a masterly way and, while the duties of
the Building Committee have from the start been onerous,
she always backed it up with a warmth that has kept
their courage up, thus enabling them to overcome all
obstacles, of which there were not a few of the most
formidable lions in the way.

It was at Mrs. Fairbanks' home that the initial move-
ments to purchase ground were consummated, after the
idea of getting Congressional aid was abandoned, and the
documents and deeds of transfer on the real-estate pur-
chased were signed. In everything that pertained to this
movement she has been an element of strength, and it was
eminently fitting that the dedicatory ceremonies should
come as a climax at the close of her administration, since
she had presided at the laying of the cornerstone of the
building. April 19, 1904.

Mrs. Fairbanks was better equipped for public speaking
than any of her predecessors, and her addresses at the Pan-
American Exposition and at the Anniversary of the
D. A. R. Society, October 11, 1904. at the Louisiana Pur-
chase Exposition, and other occasions, specially the laying
of the cornerstone of Memorial Continental Hall, were all

I04 Story of the Records

of the highest order, and might almost be classified as
Orations. In her views she is always optimistic. Mrs.
Fairbanks was the first President General to set up an office
at Headquarters, and when in the City, she usually occupied
it for several hours a day, at which time she devoted her-
self to the routine of business as steadily as any clerk.
Another point which added largely to her popularity was
her democratic and sympathetic way of greeting every
Daughter, be she Vice President or one of the working
corps at headquarters, every one of whom is a member of
the society, and whom she always recognized as being worthy
of consideration as herself. Mrs. Fairbanks has thoroughly
identified herself with the social, as well as business side,
of this organization. Her home has always been the open
door to all Daughters, especially during the continental
congresses, when she has brought them together under her
hospitable roof on every opportunity, thus giving the dele-
gates and officers from the states a rare opportunity to
come into closer relations with each other, and this has
proved a great benefit in welding hearts and increas-
ing activities in every great endeavor.

Cornelia Cole Fairbanks was born in Ohio, and Judge
Philander B. Cole, her father, was an ardent believer in the
higher education of women, and consequently sent his
talented daughter to Washington College, Ohio, which was
a co-educational institution, and here she met the equally
talented and now famous Vice President of the United
States. They were thrown together in class work, and in
due time became associate editors of the College Monthly,
when they soon became acquainted with each other's
abilities and dispositions, and, as so often happens on ac-
count of propinquity Cupid spread his net, and
two years later Cornelia Cole and Charles W. Fairbanks, the
young lawyer, joined hearts and hands to found a home,
and have mainly through their own eflForts become the most
illustrious of their respective families.

The Fairbanks family came to America from England

MRS. EMILY RITCHIE McLEAN
Sixth President General.

Story of flic Records 105

and settled in Massachusetts in 1636, founding a numerous
race of that name who have contributed, in various ways.
to prove their intellectuaHty and moral supremacy. About
one hundred years later the ancestors of Cornelia Cole Fair-
banks came over from Holland and settled in Pennsylvania,
and from there emigrated to Ohio, and became famous
pioneer stock. The sturdy virtues, business tact, and good
common sense from this foreign American stock has no
doubt contributed to Mrs. Fairbanks' .splendid record as
President General of the Daughters of the American Re-
volution. And the history of the rise of Charles W. Fair-
banks and Cornelia Cole, is a good example of the rewards
our institutions offer to capability and ambitions rightly
directed.

* * * -A:

Mrs. Emily Nelson Ritchie McLean : The elec-
tion of Mrs. McLean to the office of sixth President
General of the Daughters of the American Revolution,
marks a line of departure from the official position of
former candidates to one of pure personality. Mrs.
Donald McLean has persistently cherished an ambition to
fill this high office, and has been encouraged by a large
following of those delegates who were inclined to revolt
from the constitutional method of selecting candidates from
official circles. The success of Mrs. McLean after such
a long siege proves her staying qualities once she has put
her hand to the plow.

Mrs. McLean's elevation to this office occurred when the
annual Congress was held for the first time in the Auditori-
um of the Society's own building — "Memorial Continental
Hall," April 20, 1905. And the occasion was of great in-
terest for the double reason, that it was the dedication of
that long sought project of the Society — a home of its very
own — and. with three candidates in the field for President
General, how could it be otherwise? This election had
been the theme of discussion and agitation in Chapters
throughout the land for months, and when the momentous

io6 Story of the Records

hour arrived two ballots were taken. On the second ballot
six hundred and eighty-four (684) votes were cast, of
which Mrs. McLean received three hundred and sixty-two
(362), that secured to her the election and the much de-
sired prize.

Mrs. Emily Nelson Ritchie McLean comes of good
Colonial and Revolutionary stock. Her forebears were of
the State of Maryland, where also she was born. Al-
though New York has for many years been her home, only
recently a memorial, erected by the Frederick Chapter, of
Frederick, Maryland, in the court house of that place in-
cluded Mrs. McLean's paternal and maternal grand
parents, — Thomas Beatty and David Lynn. The tablet
erected by the Frederick Chapter Daughters of the Ameri-
can Revolution, November 23, 1904, is a memorial to the
twelve Judges of the local Court who, on November 23,
1765, repudiated the Stamp Act. Thomas Beatty's name
heads the list, and David Lynn's is the fifth. On the oc-
casion mentioned, Mrs. McLean was present, and made a
felicitous speech, for she has a "nimble wit," and is equal to
all such emergencies. She said, "I have a great personal
interest in this event, as in this Court House where I speak
two of my ancestors, my great-great-grandfathers, Thomas
Beatty and David Lynn, sat as Judges." She then reviewed
in an interesting manner the history of Maryland, and said,
"That it was natural that the colony that had the first
newspaper should also have to its credit as further indica-
tion of the people's intelligence, and to the love of liberty
which comes of enlightenment, the record of the first official
repudiation of such an oppressive measure as the Stamp
Act — an action which was a forerunner of the Colony's
Declaration of Independence. She is the wife of Donald
McLean, a well-known lawyer of the Cosmopolitan City,
and is the mother of three daughters. In her speech of
acceptance of the President-Generalship, she emphasized
her convictions by saying, "No woman need be ashamed
to aspire to be the President General of this splendid or-

Story of the Records icy

ganization." Mrs. McLean's record in this high position
is yet to be inscribed. History will write it in later years.

Not one of the pedigrees of the Presidents General has had
the slightest influence in elevating her to that high office,
yet, it may not be uninteresting to have learned something
of the ancestry of those six women, to see if any of the
characteristics of their sires and dames have been trans-
mitted to them. We think it safe to say the patriotic
fathers and mothers, of 1776, have not lived and died in
vain, judging from the lives and able administration of the
Presidents General of the Daughters of the American
Revolution, chosen from among their descendants.

The first official recognition of the Charter Members
(818, are all of those who came into the society during the
first year) occurred at the congress convening in 1906, one
evening on the program being set apart to give them a
Reception of Honor. This was at the instigation of Mrs.
McLean, President General, who was one of the number,
and also presided. Of the first eighteen who signed as
members of the society, October 11, 1890, there were pre-
sent, Miss Desha, Mrs. Mary Lockwood, Mrs. Emily Lc:
Sherwood (Ragan), Miss Suzie Hetzell.

The exercises were of a reminiscent character, and im-
promptu, giving many interesting details of the early days,
and doings in the society. Among those who spoke were
Mrs. McLean, Mrs. de B. R. Keim, Miss Loraine Dorsey,
Miss Janette Richards, Mrs. Elroy M. Avery, Miss Mallet,
Mrs. Mary S. Lockwood, Mrs. Frank Osborn, Mrs.
McCartney.

This celebration no doubt inaugurates a series of similar
events that will continue so long as there are charter mem-
bers to keep it up, for it is already apparent how quickly
this number is diminishing, only one-half of the original
number are now living.

CHAPTER X.

D. A. R. DAY AT THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE EXPOSITION,

jHE Louisiana Purchase Exposition was held
in St. Louis, 1904, and the D. A. R.
Society was invited to occupy a day,
and to send an exhibit, not only of his-
torical relics, but of the society work, which
would include all the books and other material pub-
lished by the organization. Never in the history of the
society has a greater compliment been paid to that body,
than was received when the authorities of the Louisi-
ana Purchase Exposition conferred the privilege of select-
ing a date to be known as, — "Daughters of the American
Revolution Day."

In compliance with an invitation extended to the Society
by the President of the Board of Lady Managers of the
Louisiana Purchase Exposition, and accepted by the
Twelfth Continental Congress D. A. R., the Daughters
assembled in St. Louis, October 11, 1904, on the fourteenth
anniversary of the Society's organization. The day was
clear, calm, and beautiful. The Exposition was at its best.
Missouri and Missouri's Daughters gave joyous and happy
welcome to the gathering throng.

The invitation given by the National Board to the Daugh-
ters to be present was universal. A special invitation,
however, was sent to all the surviving eighteen members
who joined the Society on the memorable nth of October.
1890. Two were present, — Mrs. Emily Lee Sherwood
Ragan and ]\Irs. Mary S. Lockwood. Mrs. Charles W.
Fairbanks, Mrs. Daniel Manning and INIrs. Adlai Stevenson,
three women to whom the Society owes so much were pre-
sent, and it must have been a proud day for them, and it
Vv'as an occasion long to be remembered, when reminiscence

Story of the Records 109

after reminiscence brought out the work of the organiza-
tion by the corps of ready speakers who responded to call.

The notice of this courtesy was brought to the Continent-
al Congress, through the Board of Lady Managers, repre-
sented by Mrs. John Miller Horton, of Buffalo, which
was emphasized by the President of the Board,
Mrs. Appoloni M. Blair. The invitation was accepted with
unanimity and in co-operation with the officials of St.
Louis, October 11, was chosen, — a day notable in the annals
of the society, being the date when the organization of the
National Society took place, and when the first President
and the first Board of Managers were elected.

This date of the anniversary of the organization has been
celebrated at various times, but never in so conspicuous a
manners since the nth of October, 1902, when the ground
was broken upon the site of the Society's greatest monu-
ment,— Memorial Continental Hall, — as on the assembling
of the representative members at the Louisiana Purchase
exposition of October 11, 1904. No other day in this
organization is more highly regarded than the Society's
birthday.

The cordial welcome in Congress Hall, so graciously ex-
tended by Mrs. Manning. President of the Board of Lady
Managers, on behalf of the Board, glowed with expressions
testifying to her interest for the Society to which she had
given so much, in time, thought, and loving service. In
closing her eloquent address, she felicitously introduced the
Hon. David R. Francis, President of the Louisiana Pur-
chase Exposition, who responded in part in the following
eloquent terms, and paid a high tribute to the Daughters
and to the Board of Lady Managers and its President in
particular: "I am glad to have this opportunity to say, and
I believe I have never given public utterance to this senti-
ment before, that the Board of Lady Managers, from the
beginning of this work, has shown an appreciation of the
undertakings of the sentiment that inspired it, and given
that encouragement and assistance which only women can

no S 1 0 7- y of t Ji c Records

lend. The unparalleled tact of the woman who has had
charge of this Board of Managers has steered us clear of
every Charybdis and Scylla ; so that to-day, speaking for
the relation between the Board of Lady Managers, and the
Board of Exposition Management, it could not be more
harmonious or more satisfactory to the management."

We take pleasure in quoting this, for it is a compliment
to all women ; especially were we gratified, because so many
Daughters were represented in this body.

Mrs. Wallace Delafield, in her admirably chosen words,
most happily introduced Mrs. Charles W. Fairbanks.

Mrs. Fairbanks, in her best manner, touched eloquently
upon the vital questions of the society, urging everyone to
new endeavor in the great work, which the Daughters have
undertaken.

Mrs. Alice Ewing Walker, Vice President of Mis-
souri, next gave her word of greeting.

The session was then fairly in the hands of Mrs. Fair-
banks, who introduced Mrs. Lockwood as Chairman of
Arrangement of the "Daughters' Day" at the Exposition
After her response, the President introduced Mrs. Adlai
Stevenson, Ex-President ; who, in her address, throughout,
made it manifest that she had lost none of her old time
fervor, when talking to "My Daughters."

Then followed five minute speeches, by the State Regent
of Connecticut, Mrs. Kinney ; the State Regent of New
York, Mrs. Terry ; the Chairman of the Committee on
Architecture, Mrs. William Lindsay ; and the President of
the Children's Society, Mrs. Julius C. Burrows. Every
speech in eloquent tones, struck the key-note of some vital
work.

There was patriotic music, followed by the singing of
an original American Hymn, words and music by Miss
Mary Isabella Forsyth,

When the hour of adjournment arrived, every member
present was enthused with new hope and new resolution
and was ready to accept the cordial invitation of Mrs.

Story of the Records I7i

Daniel Manning, on behalf of the Board of Lady Managers,
to the Woman's Ruilding for luncheon and a continuation
of the program with five minute si)eeches.

When the Daughters entered the drawing room of the
Woman's Building, — beauty in decorations, refinement in
arrangement, the beauteous touch of the Daughters' colors.
and last, but not least, the hand of the refined Lady Bounti-
ful, in every detail of the luncheon, bespoke the thought,
the care, the courteous hospitality extended through this
representative body of women. The arrangement had been
under the immediate supervision of another Daughter, a
member of the official Committee on Program, the Hostess
of the Woman's Building, — Miss Julia Ten Eyck McBlair,
of Washington. As a climax, there followed in quick suc-
cession in terse and telling form, short speeches from the
Vice President in Charge of Organization, Mrs. Miranda B.
Tulloch ; Mrs. O. J. Hodge, State Regent of Ohio ; Mrs.
Edward S. Bennett Rosa, Librarian ; Mrs. G. W. Simpson,
Vice President of Massachusetts ; Mrs. Emily Tate Walker,
of Chicago ; Mrs. Edward Robey, of Chicago ; and Mrs.
Avery, Editor of the Magazine.

Receptions at several State Buildings ensued. The
following day the St. Louis Daughters gave a reception to
the President, Mrs. Fairbanks, Officers, and members,
where six hundred Daughters were in attendance. A
repetition of this reception Was given at night through
Mrs. T. B. Tomb, Regent of the Elizabeth Benton Chapter,
of Kansas City.

Since no other feature of this organization has done so
much to bring the members into close fellowship, and to
promote good feeling as these social functions, celebrated
on all suitable occasions, an arrangement that makes its
appeal to all women, and serves to relieve the dry routine
of mere business sessions.

Invitations were extended by Mrs. Manning to a
luncheon in her own home in honor of the President, and
Ex-Presidents, and Officers of the Society, which was an-

112 Story of the Records

other marked success, although quite apart from the offi-
cial occasion, but all tending to emphasize the com-
memoration of the fourteenth anniversary of the founding
of the organization of the Daughters of the American
Revolution.

The meeting at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, the
reception by that representative body of women, the Board
of Lady Managers, and the cordial extension of the right
hand of fellowship by the Daughters of St. Louis, have
made its indelible impression upon the body politic of this
National Organization of women.

(End of Part I.)

What Chapters Have
Accomplished

Part 2

History: A prose narrative of heroic deeds."— Thcreau

MRS. EMILY LEE .SHEUWUUD UAGAX.

Introduction to Chapter Work

F the National Society of the Daug^hters of the
American Revokition may be said to be the
body of the organization, much more might its
Chapters be recognized as its soul, for it is
through this splendid work of the patriotic
rank and file, that the D. A. R. has so much to show for
what it stands. It has no reason to be ashamed of its ac-
complishments, but, on the contrary, the whole country is
that much richer in its historic shrines, and details that do
not get into the great Folios, but which were vital in the
beginning of things and should not be forgotten, and are
here recorded ; and with the amount of material to draw
from, in many instances it is most difficult to make a selec-
tion,— material to be found in the Society's Official Reports
published under the auspices of the Smithsonian Institution.
At least one half of the annual records pertain to work
done by chapters,, and is of great value historically. And
to half tell it would take many volumes, and be beyond the
scope of this undertaking. Therefore, it should be borne
in mind of the reader, that, if what their chapter has been
doing is not sufficiently told to do it justice, it is for lack of
space and not through lack of appreciation.

To state a few things the chapters have done ; it is to
the enthusiasm of Chapter members that we owe a notable
rescue work by their restoration of historic spots of interest,
hitherto unmarked with tablet or monument.

All of the thirteen Colonial States have numerous shrines,
memorials, monuments, noted Headquarters of Washington
or other leaders of the Revolutionary time, as the result of
their labors. Thousands of Revolutionary soldiers' graves
have been marked, and burial places sunk into decrepitude
restored and made places of interest, and not without beauty

ii6 Story of the Records

to attract the children and others who may pass that way.
In looking back over the more than century since that period
of stress and strain, we begin to realize what wonderful
power and beauty and fullness of life was folded up, as in
the germinating bud, in the "ideals" of that far away time.
We begin to realize that we are a freer people than any other
on this earth, all thanks to the steps then taken to make
this present we enjoy, possible. These land-marks now
stand as reminders to the student of history ; as themes of
education for the young. Every one of these historic
points is as a stepping-stone to a higher type of manhood
and womanhood. To the foreigner, unacquainted with our
early struggle for freedom, these memorial markers will
help to enlighten him on our history as a nation.

It is largely to the chapter work and workers, that a
revival in historic studies is due : that the historic novel has
in a measure superseded the romance purely sentimental.
School children have been stimulated in historic studies
through prizes offered by chapters for best essays on
historic subjects: and anniversaries of battles and notable
historic events, translated into Polish, Italian, German, and
Hungarian, is with a view to qualifying them as Ameri-
can citizens ; it is thus sefeguarding the land against the
ravages of ignorance and sedition.

In some of the States the "Daughters" have greatly aided
historical research, and stimulated enthusiasm by naming
their chapters after heroic women of the Revolutionary
days, who have become the Patron Saints of the chapters.

A great work still remains for the Daughters to do
so long as there are names not recorded of those who did
service for their country; or, one grave unmarked where
the sacred earth covers a soldier of the Revolution ; one
site on which patriots contended for human right and
liberty; as long as there remains one spot to mark be-
cause it was made sacred by labor done, by deed or brain
for the right of independence of thought ; and as long as
there remains one woman in this free Republic eligible to

Story of f Ji e Records T17

this organization, not enrolled, the work is not done ; for
there is a g'ap in the history of patriots and of the nation,
that she should supply, but has failed to do her duty.

We now take note of some of these whose names arc a
shining mark on the roll of heroines and heroes in this
Republic, made manifest by the work of the Daughters.

CHAPTER I.

ASSACHUSETTS: As Massachusetts, the old
Bay State, was the first to bear the brunt of the
burden of the Revohition, and where Wash-
ington first drew his sword as Commander-in-
Chief of the American Army, there we will go
to first make record of the patriotic work, accomplished by
the "Daughters" of New England.

Abigail Adams Chapter: Abigail Adams, a name which
is a household word, not only in Massachusetts, but through-
out the Republic, has been honored and commemorated in
sundry manner by the Daughters. This woman experi-
enced all the danger and vicissitudes of war; while her
husband, John Adams, was absent in Congress and in
foreign courts, she cared for the family, managed the farm,
waiting upon the seed time and harvest. Her incomparable
letters to her husband in his long absences, give insight
into the home life of a true woman patriot and mother of
the Revolution. Abigail Adams was a product of the
Colonial struggle for liberty ; while Mr. Adams, as a public
man, first as delegate to the Continental Congress, in 1774;
then Commissioner to France ; and again as Minister, —
Mrs. Adams was engaging in the practice of the virtues
of industry and frugality, by which she was trying to
remedy the financial disasters which had overtaken Mr.
Adams, and of which he had complained.

John Adams was celebrated for his intellectual powers;
his versatility ; and for his courtliness ; but he was quick
and irascible in temper; Mrs. Adams was calm, cheerful,
dignified, and well equipped to be his balance wheel. From the
letters that passed between these two, during these years of
separation and anxiety, will be found all that is requisite
for an impartial judgment of an heroic character.

It must be remembered that when Mr. Adams first went

I20 Story of the Records

to Philadelphia it took five weeks for a return letter from
that "far country," as Mrs. Adams called it, and she has
left the record, that on the receipt of that first letter, she
was so excited that she lay awake until "one o'clock at
night." When the clouds darkened over the country, Mr.
Adams had to leave his family again, April 14, 1775, five
days before the battle of Lexington. Before he reached
his journey's end, he had heard of the conflict. He had
admonished his wife before leaving in case of real danger
to "take the children and fly to the woods." Nothing oc-
curring of serious character, Mrs. Adams pursued her
vocation as agriculturalist with great zeal and judgment.
She thought as fate had made her husband a "Statesman"
she must act her part, according to her environment ; she
would become a good "farmeress." That her resolve had
met its reward, is proven, for we learn two years later, that
General Warren wrote Mr. Adams, That his farm never
looked better. Later, when Boston was in possession of
the British Army, and Braintree was but eleven miles dis-
tance from Boston the Adams house stood at the foot of
Penn's Hill, one of the highest elevations in the neighbor-
hood. When Mrs. Adams caught the resounding echoes
of the guns at the battle of Bunker Hill, she took her oldest
son, John Quincy, who was then ten years old. and climbed
to the top of the hill, and watched the raging battle,
the bursting of the shells, and the burning of Charlestown.
Never was a patriotic object lesson so seriously learned.
Mrs. Adams left no word unsaid that would penetrate this
untried child's soul. That scene and that lesson was never
forgotten by the boy or the man, — John Quincy Adams.

Her intelligent view of the constantly changing state of
public affairs ; her questions propounded with a statesman-
like ring, that sometimes make one feel that her vocation
was not alone to be a farmeress, together with her un-
daunted courage, to work and stand for liberty, are con-
vincing reasons that she did hold an influence over Mr.
Adams,

Story of the Records 121

Noted men of the time, to many of whom the hospitality
of her home was extended, have been the subjects of graphic
description of her pen, without egotism or self-conceit, she
made note of timely things.

The quiet conceit of men, regarding "woman's s])here"
in those days, was characteristically depicted by Mr. Adams
in a letter to his wife. He had been writing of the grace,
modesty and propriety of Mrs. Hancock's behaviour, sur-
rounded as she was by nearly a hundred men, "That in a
large and mixed company she was totally silent, as a woman
should be," and then a sort of second thought came that he
had better right there throw a bouquet to Abigail, and he
adds, "but whether her eyes are so penetrating, and her at-
tention so quick to the words, looks, gestures, and senti-
ments, etc., as yours would be, saucy as you are in this way,
I will not say."

March 31, 1776, we find her writing to Mr. Adams, "I
long to hear you have declared independence, and, by the
way, in the new code of laws, which I suppose it will be
necessary for you to make, I desire that you would remem-
ber the ladies, and be more generous and favorable to them
than were your ancestors. Do not put such unlimited
power into the hands of the husbands ; remember all men
would be tyrants, if they could. If particular care and at-
tention is not paid to the ladies, we are determined to
foment a rebellion, and will not hold ourselves to laws in
which we have no voice or representation." The rumbling
of the echoes of this little shot, fired over a century ago,
is still heard in the land. Mrs. Hancock, with her lady-like
qualities represented a type — Mrs. Adams with courage,
conviction, dignity, and power, represented the women of
the Republic at foreign courts — whenever and where-
ever her country called. Mr. and Mrs. Adams were
the first representatives of the new Republic at the Court
of St. James. It does not matter where we find her, whether
at her own fire-side with her family around her at Ouincy;
or, when called upon to separate from husband and sons

122 Story of the Records

to let them cross the seas ; or standing upon Penn's Hill,
listening to the roll of cannon ; or in her letters to Jefferson
and other Statesmen; or standing before George the III;
and the haughty Queen Charlotte, as representative of the
first Republican Court ; or presiding in the President's
House as first lady of the land, — Abigail Adams was always
a tender mother, the inspiration of her husband, the grand
example, the regnant woman. How fitting that such a
woman should be a "Patron Saint" of the Daughters of the
American Revolution, — two chapters bear her honored
name. The Abigail Adams Chapter of Boston, Massachu-
setts ; and the Abigail Adams Chapter of Des Moines, Iowa ;
both doing commemorable patriotic work.

Is it a wonder that the Daughters of the Ameri-
can Revolution, in emulating the deeds of such ancestry,
should be found zealously working for the upbuilding of
the Nation, and the study of American History, as we find
them doing on the same grounds which were fought out
and established the principles which govern this republic.
Mr. Sydney George Fisher, author of the True Benjamin
Franklin ; Rev. James D. Normandie ; Thomas Wentworth
Higginson ; Julia Ward Howe ; and others, have been on
their list as historical lecturers before this Massachusetts
Chapter.

This Chapter has lovingly placed a stone tablet on the
tomb of Abigail Adams, in Ouincy, Massachusetts.

Mercy Warren : Another noted woman of Revolutionary
times has been honored by a Chapter bearing her name, —
Mercy Warren. She was the sister of James Otis, and
was the third child of Colonel James Otis, of Barnstable,
Mass., in the Colony of Plymouth. She was born Septem-
ber 25, 1728. There existed between the brother and sister
a strong attachment, which trials and difficulties seemed to
strengthen as the years went on. It was this brother James
who first proposed in Massachusetts, that an American Con-
gress should be called, which should come together without
asking the consent of the British Government. He also

Story of the Records 123

made an extended speech for the "Right of Resistance"
which would give the Custom House officers in Boston,
right to search any house at any time for the purpose of
finding smuggled goods ; and by many this speech has been
considered the starting point of the Revolution. It was
in this speech, that James Otis first raised the popular cry
against "Taxation without representation," which was the
shibboleth of the Revolution.

In the great struggle over the Stamp Act, and in the
debates which followed in 1769, he was the brilliant leader.
In the latter days of his life, the mind of this great patriot
was over-shadowed, but in his wildest moods of insanity,
the voice of this loved sister would calm him when all else
failed.

In 1754, Mercy Otis became the wife of James Warren.
This brought her in touch with all political situations. She
corresponded with George Washington, Samuel Adams,
John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, Gen. Knox, and many
other leaders of the Revolution. It is said that by this
Plymouth fireside, many political plans were originated, dis-
cussed, and digested. Her close friends with whom she
was in correspondence, were Madame Washington, Abigail
Adams. Hannah Winthrop, of Cambridge, and most of the
foremost women of the day.

With such a Patron Saint, no wonder the Mercy Warren
Chapter inaugurated the gracious service of decorating the
neglected and forgotten graves of Revolutionary heroes,
whose very headstones were weary of telling the simple
story of those who lay beneath the sod ; headstones broken,
cracked, disintegrated by the heat and frost of a hundred
summers and winters gone. The Daughters were not
daunted in their work, because old Nature in her effort to
add her tribute to them by many decorations all her own,
made the task of restoration doubly difficult.

It was the descendants of these men, who marked these
graves, and whose very names have almost been forgotten,
and who sacrificed all that they might leave to their daugh-

124 Story of the Records

ters and their sons the inheritance of a free country. Four
Daughters and Four Sons took laurel wreaths, tied with buff
and blue ribbons, on Memorial Day and decorated the graves
of twenty-one Revolutionary soldiers. Since that time
this touching ceremony prevails wherever a Revolution-
ary soldier lies buried.

Mercy Warren has left her history of the trying years
of the Revolution, written with a pen of fire, dictated by a
heart of love ; and the Mercy Warren Chapter has placed
its seal of remembrance upon it in the aftermath.

Colonel Timothy Bigelow Chapter: Colonel Timothy
Bigelow Chapter caught the fire of patriotic in-
spiration, and presented a petition to the State Legis-
lature which secured a law that cities and towns can
appropriate money for erecting monuments in honor of
Revolutionary soldiers. This Chapter is trying to discover,
as nearly as possible, where the four hundred soldiers are
resting who represented the town of Worcester in the
Revolutionary War. They have erected a bronze tablet to
mark the site of the first school house in Worcester where
John Adams, second President of the United States, taught
from 1755 to 1758.

Hannah Winthrop Chapter: What name so fitting
for the "Patron Saint" of the Cambridge Chapter, as that of
Hannah Winthrop. The atmosphere of the Revolution still
hovers over this beautiful old city of elms. Here was the
tree under which Washington wheeled his horse and drew
his sword as Commander-in-Chief of the American Army,
July 3d, 1775. Two weeks before the untried soldiers had
routed the British from Bunker Hill, and not three months
before had "Fired the shot heard round the world."

A letter from Hannah Winthrop, to Mercy Warren, writ-
ten September 27, 1773, contained this significant sentence —
"American daughters are politicians and patriots, and will
aid the good work with their female efforts."

Story of the Records 125

Hannah Winthrop, the eldest daughter of Thomas and
Hannah (Waldo) Fairweather, was born in Boston, Febru-
ary 25, 1726. She married September 10, 1745, at the age
of nineteen, Farr Tolman, and early becoming a widow,
married for her second husband (Banns published, March
25, 1756) John Winthrop, LL. D. Hollis Professor of
Mathematics and Natural Philosophy in Harvard College,
one of the most distinguished scientific men of his age.
He was a great-great-grandson of Governor John
Winthrop. Madam Winthrop shared her husband's inter-
ests and pursuits to a remarkable degree for a woman in
those days. We find her assisting him in his astronomical
observations and writing to Mercy Warren at Plymouth
with enthusiastic appreciation of the study of the heavens.

She, as well as her husband, was an ardent patriot, and
the name of Hannah Winthrop is inscribed on the "Roll of
Honor" as one who gave of her substance to the govern-
ment in the time of need. The war, indeed, became to her
early a stern reality ; of the famous 19th of April she wrote
a graphic description to Mercy Warren, telling her of her
hasty flight from home when it seemed advisable that the
women of Cambridge should seek shelter elsewhere. At
one time, she was so near the conflict as to be covered with
dirt and dust from the firing, and she passed the bodies
of the slain at Menotomy in her journey to Andover the
following morning, to which place the library of Harvard
College was sent for safe keeping.

One of Professor Winthrop's sons received his baptism
of fire at the battle of Bunker Hill, being severely wounded,
but he went forth again from his step-mother's side several
times, as a volunteer to the patriotic cause, with her bless-
ing on his head.

Dr. Winthrop died in May, 1779; his wife lived until
May 1790, occupying until her death the home on Winthrop
Square, in which they had lived together many years.

For data for this sketch we are indebted to the historian of the
chapter, Elizabeth Harris.

126 Story of the Records

Her own letters and family papers as well as family-
traditions, combine to make a vivid picture of this estim.-
able woman's life ; another record added to the list of New
England heroines, whose precept and example have made
their impress on the women of to-day. Well done Daugh-
ters of Cambridge ! you are not only keeping Hannah Win-
throp's memory green, but emulating her example, in faith-
fully doing what your hands find to do, for the good of
home and country.

Besides generous contributions to Memorial Continental
Hall, through the efforts of this chapter, historic Fort
Washington has been fully restored.

DEr30RAH Sampson Chapter: The bravery and the
patriotism of that time was not confined to the matrons
of the colonies for old Massachusetts furnished the "Jo^"
of Arc" of the Revolution in the person of Deborah Samp-
son, of Plymouth. She was better known throughout the
Revolution as Robert Shirtliff.

She was a girl of twenty, who was left without relatives,
and supported herself by teaching a small country school.
When the war broke out, she was fired with a burning
desire to do something for her country. The patriotism
of the pilgrims animated her soul, and no other means of
service for her country presenting itself, she changed her
name to Robert ShirtliflF, donned men's attire, and joined
the company of Captain Nathan Thayer, of Medway, Massa-
chusetts. She gave honorable service for three years with-
out her sex being knov/n. She was in several active en-
gagements. When wounded for the second time she was
sent to the hospital. Poor "Robert" was under the im-
mediate care of a humane and kindly physician, who soon
learned that he had a woman on his list, but the secret was
all his own. When she was able to leave the hospital, the
physician sent her with a letter to General Washington.
During all her service in battle and out of it, she knew
no fear until she presented herself before the tent of the

Story of the Records 127

Commander-in-Chief and sent in her doctor's letter to that
august personage. She was soon summoned into the
presence of General Washington, who, without exchanging
a word, put some papers into her hand, and indicated her
withdrawal. One of her papers was her discharge from
the service ; another a letter containing words of advice,
and a sum of money sufficient to defray her expenses to
some place where she could find a home.

"One word from General Washington of condemnation
would have crushed my heart," she said, "he spoke no word,
but his action was kindly, and I bless him for it."

After the war, she married Benjamin Garnett, and when
Washington was President, she received a letter from him
inviting Robert Shirtliff. now Mrs. Garnett, to visit the
Capitol, then in Philadelphia. During the visit a bill was
passed by Congress, granting her a pension and certain
lands in recognition of her services to her country in a
military capacity, as a Revolutionary soldier.

It is seldom that we find so tangible a record of woman's
service as a soldier ; but since the time that Eve beguiled
Adam, and from that open gate of Eden, has come the first
faint suggestion of potent influence over man, woman has
been recognized as a factor in all great movements, and the
days of the Revolution furnished opportunities, and the
women were never found wanting in patriotism during the
long night of political uncertainty.

The Deborah Sampson Chapter is about to mark in a
suitable manner the birthplace of their patron saint, and
thus the good work goes on of perpetuating the memory of
the women as well as the men who achieved American In-
dependence.

S.'\R.\H Bradlee Fulton Chapter: Among the women
of Medford. Massachusetts, whom the Daughters, as well
as history, has remembered is the name of Sarah Bradlee
Fulton. Her honored name belongs to the chapter of
Medford, because she worked and prayed in that dear old

128 Story of the Records

town for the cause of liberty. She was a member of the
Bradlee family of Dorchester and Boston. In 1763 she
married John Fulton. Her brother, Nathaniel Bradlee,
lived in Boston, at the corner of Tremont and Hollis Streets.
His carpenter shop was a meeting place for Boston's most
devoted patriots. From this shop went a detachment of
"Mohawks" who joined the Tea Party in Boston harbor.
In the kitchen of this home, Mrs. Bradlee and Mrs. Fulton
disguised the master of the house and several of his com-
rades, and later heated water in the great copper kettle and
provided all that was needful to transform these "Indians"
again into respectable Bostonians. A spy was on the alert,
hoping to get a proof against Mr. Bradlee, but seeing two
women moving around quietly and naturally, passed on,
little dreaming of the transformation scenes going on with-
in.

A year and a half later, Sarah Fulton heard the alarm
of Paul Revere, as he crossed the bridge into Medford
town ; but a few days after, Medford became the head-
quarters of General Stark's regiment, then came the battle
of Bunker Hill. At sunset, the wounded were brought in,
and the large open space in front of Mrs. Fulton's residence,
was turned into a field hospital. Surgeons were
scarce, but women volunteered as nurses. The steady
nerve of Sarah Fulton made her the leader. Soon after
Major Brooks, — later Governor of Massachusetts, — was
given dispatches by General Washington, with orders to
send them within the enemies' lines. Late one night he came
to John Fulton, and asked him to undertake the trust.
John was too ill to go, but his wife volunteered. Her offer
was accepted. A long, lonely and dangerous walk it was
to the water side of Charlestown. She reached there in
safety, finding a boat, rowed across the river, and made her
way with cautious steps, delivered her dispatches, and re-
turned as she came, and as the light streaked the dawn, she
reached her home. In recognition of this service, General
Washington called in person to express his thanks.

SARAH r.RAI>I-i:V MKMDKIAL

Story of the Records 129

After the Revolution she made her home on the old
road to Stoneham, which, at the first town meeting after
her death, was named "Fulton Street," in her honor. Her
house was nearly two miles from church, but at the age
of eighty years, she was in the habit of taking this long
walk to church every Sunday. She saw grandchildren and
great-grandchildren grow up around her, and in the atmos-
phere of their love and respect, she spent her days, living
to be nearly ninety-five years old. She lies in the old
Salem Street Cemetery. The Medford Daughters are
perpetuating her work and her memory.

The site of Sarah Bradlee Fulton's home has been marked
by a tablet, erected by the Chapter bearing her name. The
summer home on the Royal estate. General Starks' head-
quarters, in June, 1775, was purchased by the Chapter, and
is to be restored and maintained as a home for the aged.
During the Spanish War help was given to the volunteer
Aid Society by chapter members ; all showing how the
patriotism of that early day is bearing fruit in this day and
generation.

Prudence Wright Chapter: The Prudence Wright
Chapter was named in honor of Prudence C. Wright, the
heroine who prevented a threatened attack of the British
upon the town by organizing the women for its defence,
and thus capturing a Tory messenger who was carrying
important dispatches.

The story runs : — Word was brought from the town of
Hollis that Captain Whiting, a British officer, was going to
make an attempt to carry secret messages to the Army of
the King, and to accomplish it he must pass over Pepper-
ill Bridge. Consternation followed, for all the able-
bodied men had gone to war ; but the women of Hollis
willed that such messages must not go through their village
to the foe. They swore, "What e'er befell, these should not
pass the Bridge of Pepperill." For their leader they chose
Prudence Commings Wright, and all donned men's apparel,

9

130 Story of the Records

and armed themselves as best they could with old flint
locks and pitchforks, and marched under orders of their
Captain to the bridge. She called on them as they were
dressed like men to act their part and do their best. They
had not long to wait, when two men appeared on horseback.
"Halt!" cried the Captain, "who goes there? come no
nearer, or I fire." "I'll not ride another step," said Whit-
ing's companion, "that's my sister Prue ; she will never let
us pass save over her dead body. I will turn back from
Pepperill." It was Prudence's Tory brother who turned
his horse and fled, and it is said Dick Commings never dared
show his face again, or cross the Bridge of Pepperill feel-
ing ran so high. The Company led by Captain Prue seized
the British Captain and searched him well ; they found the
dispatches in his boots ; they then bound their prisoner and
turned him loose. "Now," said Captain Prue, "Go and tell
that women held the Bridge at Pepperill." As gallant
deeds of gallant men merit praise from tongue and pen;
so it is well that the names of brave women are being en-
rolled, and that of Prudence Wright honors the Chapter of
Pepperill.

April 18, 1900, a liberty pole was erected by this chapter,
on the Common, on the spot where the citizens of the town
erected a pole, August 29, 1774, and floated a flag of blue
and red cloth, five breadths wide, because "Their liberties
were in danger." This Chapter has renovated the old
brick school house, which has been granted them by the
town for a chapter house. And we will wager that if the
country is again in dire distress, some Prudence Wright will
step out of this chapter house with her well organized com-
pany, and no "spy" will ever cross Pepperill Bridge.

The Paul Jones Chapter: This Chapter will always
have a laurel wreath for the American Navy, which has
never lost a battle ; and now that the ashes of its founder,
the patron saint of this chapter, has reached the land he
served, one will undoubtedly find its place at his tomb.

Story of the Records 131

Fitting, indeed, was it for this chapter to place a tablet on
a school house just erected in Boston and named "Paul
Jones," at the request of the Chapter.

None rejoiced more than the Daughters of the American
Revolution that tardy justice is being rendered to that
immortal spirit. The Continental Congress, in a brief
resolution, ordained the flag of the colonies and made Paul
Jones a Commander, It remained for the Federal Govern-
ment to do him honor by enfolding his remains in the
symbol of freedom, and to bring him back to the land he so
righteously maintained, where he will be entombed fittingly
at last even as Washington by the free waters of the Re-
public. And thus another shrine of American valor will be
established at Annapolis.

It was the genius of Paul Jones that laid the foundation
of our naval system ; it was the hand of Paul Jones that
first swung to the breeze the flag we adore, and carried
it triumphant across the seas ; it was he who took the word
of the uprising of the colonies to Europe ; he supported
Franklin and Adams in their efforts to impress the truth
on France.

The English waters, the Irish and the North Sea, were
ruffled by the keel of his ships ; and the powers stood aghast
at his foenianship and suffered from his prowess. They
called him a pirate, because he was defiant and triumphant
in English waters. Had he lived he would have been made
an Admiral of France.

It is to Horace Porter, a Son of the American Revolution,
to whom, alone, we owe the rescue, from a lost sepulchre,
of the remains of one of the World's greatest heroes — of
America's friend in time of need ; and through this act Paul
Jones' body has found a last resting place in the land he
served and loved, where endless pilgrimages will be made by
all the friends of this Republic to our first and greatest
fighter. Hail the chapter that honored his name and set
the people to thinking!

132 Story of the Records

John Adaj<[S Chapter: John Adams Chapter has con-
tributed to the bronze Tablet on the Tomb of John
Adams, at Ouincy; to the Statue of Washington,
which was presented to France ; and to a bust of
John Adams for Paul Revere school. This Chapter
has made a contribution for a memorial to John Adams
for Memorial Continental Hall. No name among the pub-
lic men of the country stands above that of John Adams.
And, these object lessons kept before them, must surely
teach coming generations what it means for a man to be of
service to his Country.

Look at the heroines Massachusetts has honored, whose
names will go down in history for all time. How much
we would like the fireside history, and the folk lore of the
communities, of each one of them. There would be the
story of Abigail Batchelder, — and we do know this,
that her husband, Captain David Batchelder, mortgaged
has farm to pay his soldiers, and that that mortgage was not
lifted until some twenty years ago ; — and Ann Adams
Tufts ; and Betty Allen ; and even Betsey Ross in the
broader outlook was not forgotten ; and there v/as Deborah
Wheelock; and Dorothy Brewer; and Dorothy Quincy
Hancock ; and Hannah Goddard ; Johanna Aspinwall ; Lucy
Jackson ; and Lucy Knox and Lydia Cobb ; and Lydia
Darrah ; Margaret Corbin ; Mary Draper ; Mary Mattoon ;
Molly Barnum; Polly Daggett; Submit Clark; and
Susanna Tufts. Could we listen to their stories with those
we have, we should know far better, than we do now, what
led up to the Revolution. Grand work this for the Daugh-
ters of Massachusetts !

Then come the names of the historic towns, filled to
the brim with the story of our Country's conflict; and the
men whose daring deeds made Massachusetts the mother of
Patriots. The Daughters have honored them, and have
captured the glory reflected by this brave, noble American
Citizenship.

S 1 0 7'y of the Records 133

The Warren and Prescott Chapter: This is one of
the few chapters that was foremost in the early organization
that has never left the National Society wanting knowledge
of its early work, and no National object has been left
without a contribution from this active chapter. The
lineage book of its members is a charming piece of work —
an object lesson for other chapters.

Fort Massachusetts Chapter: This Chapter, of North
Adams, will perpetuate the memory of the historic fort, a
line of defenses along the northern border of the State,
erected to protect the inhabitants from the raids of the
French and Indians across the border. The fort was built
in 1745, a stockade of pine logs, doweled together, sur-
rounded by a large ditch, and heavy block house and hatch
tower at one corner. This fort was under command of
Captain Ephraim Williams, who was afterwards killed at
Lake George.

In 1750 the Government granted him 200 acres of land
in the towns of Adams and Williamstown. When he made
his will, he gave these lands and other property for found-
ing a free school among the settlers. In later years this
developed into Williams College, situated four miles from
the site of the old Fort Massachusetts.

Not only will this chapter perpetuate the memory of this
historic spot, but it will annually decorate with flowers on
Memorial Day the graves of its Revolutionary soldiers.

Old Colony Chapter: This Chapter, always foremost
in good work, raised $105.00 in 1899 to purchase Art
photographs and plaster casts for the public schools of
Hingham. A large and valuable collection of books have
been sent to the Naval Station of Guam. The Regent,
Miss Sara W. Daggett, at her own expense established a
kitchen garden school in San Juan, Porto Rico. The
magnificent war work of Massachusetts is elsewhere re-

134 Story of the Records

corded. The Chapter has pledged itself to aid the Civil
Service Association — a patriotic work, if there is one.

QuEOUECHAN CHAPTER: This Chapter, of Fall River, al-
ways has its representation at the Continental Congress. On
Alay 25, 1899, this chapter placed a bronze tablet on the wall
of the City Hall to approximate the site of the battle of Fall
River. The graves of the Revolutionary soldiers are
decorated on Memorial Day. Magazines and papers are
sent to soldiers on duty in distant parts.

The Abiah Folger Franklin Chapter: This Chapter,
of Nantucket, has given to the town a granite monument
to keep green the memory of the mother of Benjamin
Franklin, and to mark the site of her home.

The same patriotic enthusiasm will mark other graves;
build more monuments ; gather unwritten history ; teach
citizenship to the young and the foreign element, — from
Plymouth Rock and the sea girt shore of Nantucket to
bold Mount Tom and Holyoke, that shadow the graves of
so many of our ancestry!

CHAPTER 11.

ONNECTICUT: For several years the State of
Connecticut was the Banner State, having more
chapters than any other. And this was not to
be wondered at, since the "Nutmeg State"
was especially rich in chapter material :
the early settlers of that State having been among the first
to see that separation from the mother country must sooner
or later come. The second cause for this chapter record
was that the first State Regent, Mrs. de B. R. Keim, was a
fine organizer, who went about the initial work with so
much enthusiasm herself, she inspired it in others, and for
many Congresses Mrs. Keim carried her large delegations
to Washington.

Her successor, Mrs. Sara T. Kinney, has with great
judgment enthused the Daughters of Connecticut to high
endeavors, and no State shows a better record of work
accomplished.

Every applicant before she can belong to a chapter must
be a member of the Society at large. All chap-
ters are branches of the National Society D. A. R.,
and first of all owe allegiance to its Constitution and
By-Laws. One-half of the annual dues go to the
National Society, and the other is retained for local or state
work. Thus it becomes clear that what is of interest to
one branch of the Society is of interest to all. and the
chapters are at liberty to regulate their own afifairs accord-
ing to their pleasure, so long as they in no way conflict
with regulations in the Constitution of the National Society.
This privilege leaves chapters free in selecting their names
and object of work. And in almost every instance where
any heroic event could be traced to the shaping hand of a
woman, that woman of the Revolutionary period has been

136 Story of the Records

honored in all the states, and her name becomes the
patronymic of a local chapter. This is as it should be,
since it becomes more and more apparent that the women
of '76 were quite as patriotic as their husbands, sons and
brothers, or fathers, and now many a wayside stone or other
"marker" gives the women honor for what they did in
Freedom's Cause.

On 30th of September, 1904, the Connecticut Daughters
of the American Revolution, held their "Togethering meet-
ing" in Windsor, one of the historic towns of the State.
About seven hundred members of the Society being present,
including the President General, Mrs. Fairbanks, and other
distinguished guests. The literary exercises were held in
the church which represents the oldest Congregational or-
ganization in this country, and the second in the world. The
Church was founded March 30, 1630. In the churchyard
lie Chief Justice Oliver Ellsworth and Abigail Wolcott, his
wife; also Governor Roger Wolcott (1750) and Sarah
Drake, his wife. These graves were decorated with laurel
wreaths on this occasion.

Connecticut has been very active in honoring her
foremothers, and a majority of her "Patron Saints" of local
chapters are heroic women of the Revolutionary period.
The staunch, patriotic Abigail Phelps Chapter, of Louis-
burg, will do to begin with. This early chapter assumed
the loving care of a "Real Daughter." This venerable
woman lived to be over ninety years of age. And it is
pleasant to know that she and hundreds of other women
who have outlived all their contemporaries have had friend-
ship and loving care from those of a younger generation
unto the end.

It would be a pleasing task to give the histories of all of
the "Patron Saints" of Connecticut, but only a few can be
for want of space. The "Daughters" of the "Nutmeg State"
has issued a fine volume giving good reasons why they
named their chapters for such patriotic women. It is a
beautiful record of service.

Story of the Records 137

The Anna Warner Bailey Chapter : The Groton Chap-
ter of Groton has done a good work for itself, if not on his-
toric lines, making a line of history that will identify it for-
ever with State records. Members of this chapter discover-
ing that the State of Connecticut had no legalized banner,
made petition to the State Legislature to authorize the Anna
Warner Bailey Chapter to secure a State flag; the request
being granted, this Chapter was assigned the honor of pre-
senting the State its first legal flag. This Chapter, also, re-
stored and equipped as a museum of Relics, the house ad-
jacent to the monument in memory of those who fell at
Fort Griswold, September, 1781.

Anna Warner Bailey Chapter is one of the large ones,
and its patron saint was the subject of a most interesting
story, both in the Revolutionary War and the War of
181 2, which gives her a conspicuous place in Connecticut
history. She was twenty-three years of age at the time
of the massacre at Fort Griswold. (Groton), and her inter-
est in the welfare of Elijah Bailey, to whom she was
betrothed, and of several relatives, all of whom were among
the defenders of Groton Heights, brought her among the
first to the scene of slaughter, and she was the first woman
to enter the fort after the massacre. To use her own words. —
"If the earth had opened and poured forth blood instead of
drinking it in, it could not have been more plentiful." She
spent the entire night ministering to the needs of t?he
wounded and dying, and, so deep was the impression made
upon her mind, that at the funeral of one of the victims
that night she made a vow — "To hate England and the
English forever !" A vow which she faithfully kept as long
as she lived. In 1812, when the war again broke out
between England and the United States, she was intensely
American, and was among the most eager for the fray.
It was during this war that the famous "petticoat episode"
brought "Mother Bailey" into such notoriety that one his-
torian says, — '"The martial petticoat and its partisan donor
has ever been reverenced in our local annals." It was for

138 Story of the Records

the defense of Fort Griswold that its commandant called
for the deposit within the enclosure of all available arms,
material, and wadding, that could be obtained. The flannel
and wadding not being sufficient, "Mother Bailey" stripped
off her flannel petticoat and gave it as a contribution to the
cause.

In November, 1901, the chapter, named in honor of Anna
Warner Bailey, petitioned President Roosevelt "To save
the old and new Forts Griswold, and to secure them to the
State for a memorial park ; also to place in the care of the
chapter eleven old guns, and upward of 2000 shot, as well
as the old shot house on the reservation grounds known as
Fort Griswold." This petition was granted, and the chap-
ter has also come into possession of a cannon from the
Spanish American ship, Maria Theresa. The occasion was
signalized by a most interesting celebration in which Cap-
tain Richmond Pearson Hobson, who achieved fame in
Santiago Harbor, made a speech, as also did Ex-Governor
Waller, and other distinguished persons from the Sons of
the American Revolution who were present. The Anna
Warner Bailey Chapter has charge of the Monument House
at Groton Heights, and has secured permission from the
State authorities to add an annex to it, which will be in the
form of a memorial to soldiers and sailors in the Spanish-
American War.

The Anna Wood Elderkin Chapter: The Chapter of
Willimantic ; the Elizabeh Clark Hull, of Ansonia,
The Eunice Dennie Burr, of Fairfield, which last
erected the Lich Gate at the old graveyard of
Fairfield, and restored the Revolutionary War Powder
House, with the others mentioned, erected the hand-
some gateway at Shotfield Cemetery. The Mary Clapp
Wooster, of New Haven, collected the songs and ballads
of that period and published them in the New England
Magazine. It also published a history of "Our Flag," and
it has restored the monument of President Clapp, and of

Story of t Ji e Records 139

Mary Clapp Wooster, his daiij^hter. It has placed a cabinet
of Revohitionary reHcs in the New Haven Historical So-
ciety. Among Connecticut Chapters nametl for women
are the Mary Wooster, of Danbury ; the Millicent Porter,
of Waterbury ; the Ruth Wyllis, of Hartford ; and the Sarah
Riggs, of Derby, and others.

Ruth Wvllis Chapter: This famous Chapter, of Hart-
ford, has probably accomplished the largest work in the
way of "restoration" of any chapter in this or any other
State. This consisted not only in restoring the tombstones
of the Revolutionary heroes lying in the old First Church
burying ground, but in arousing such a spirit of patriotism
in the community that it has transformed a whole section
of the city from a state of decrepitude and decay into a
place of beauty and attractiveness.

A disreputable tenement house property, on Gold Street,
adjoining one side of the Cemetery, was purchased, the
buildings torn down, and the street converted into a Boule-
vard, by authority of the Common Council of the city. The
citizens of Hartford and the descendants of patriots lying
in the old Churchyard, all contributed to these restorations
and improvements, which cost over one hundred thousand
dollars. But it was chiefly due to the splendid patriotism
and courage of the Ruth Wyllis Chapter, that this trans-
formation was inaugurated and pushed to completion.

The Ruth Wyllis Chapter completed its interesting labors
on this old burying ground, with a list of the names of the
men and women resting on this sacred spot, a genealogical
record destined to be of great value.

Faith Robinson Trumbull Chapter : This Chapter vv'as
named for the daughter of John Robinson, of jMassachusetts,
and a great-great-granddaughter of John Robinson of the
Pilgrims. She was married December 29, 1735, to Jon-
athan Trumbull, who in 1769, became Governor of Con-
necticut. Their son, John Trumbull, became the eminent

140 Story of the Records

artist, whose brush has made famous the events of our
Revolutionary history which decorate several panels in
the Rotunda of the United States Capitol — The Declaration
of Independence ; the surrender of the British forces to
the Americans at Saratoga ; and the surrender of Corn-
wallis at Yorktown ; and General Washington resigning his
commission at Annapolis.

Faith Trumbull was eminent for her sturdy patriotism
and her decision of character, united to her sympathy with
her husband throughout the struggle for independence.
At that time collections were taken up after Sunday ser-
vices for the benefit of the Army. On one such occasion,
she wore a splendid scarlet cloak, a present from the Com-
mander-in-Chief of the French Allies, Count Rochambeau.
She rose from her seat near her husband in meeting, and
drawing from her shoulders this magnificent wrap, laid
it upon the altar as her offering for those who were fight-
ing for liberty. It is interesting to trace what use was
made of this unique offering. It was cut into strips and
used as chevrons and decorations of soldiers' uniforms.

Faith Trumbull was the fourth in descent from John
Alden and Priscilla Mullins. and after becoming the wife
of Jonathan Trumbull, Connecticut's War Governor, of
whom it was so often said by Washington, "We must con-
sult 'Brother Jonathan,' " that to the present day the phrase
is used to describe the typical American. Faith Trumbull
Chapter added to its other good works, recently, by mark-
ing the graves in the old Norwich town cemetery, where
twenty French soldiers of Lafayette's Army lie.

A delegation, led by the State Regent, Mrs. Sara T.
Kinney, together with Mr. Israel Foote Loomis, appeared
before the Legislature and presented their petition for a
memorial ; the State appropriating $2,000, $500 of which is
to be put in a portrait of General Spencer, to be placed in
the Capitol at Hartford. The inscription on the monu-
ment is a reproduction of that on the old marble headstone :

Story of the Records 141

"In memory of the Honorable Joseph Spencer,
Esquire, a Major-General of the Army of the
United States, elected a Councillor of the State of
Connecticut in 1776. and died in office, January
13th, 1789, in the 75th year of his age."

General Spencer was one of the only two Connecticut
born men who won the position and commission of Major-
General in the Continental Army. He participated in the
invasion of Canada, the expedition against Louisburg, Ti-
conderoga, and Crown Point. In 1775, he entered the
Continental Army as Brigadier-General, recommended by
Washington.

The names of hundreds of Revolutionary soldiers have
been rescued from oblivion and enrolled on the National
Society's Lineage Books through Connecticut chapter
work. And many memorials have been placed by these
patriotic descendants of the men and women of this Col-
onial State, who contributed so much blood and treasure
to prosecuting the War of the Revolution to its happy end-
ing. It is to be regretted that only a few of the most
prominent can be mentioned in this work, where all have
contributed so much to the grand result, for the smallest
service meant as much to its giver, as that of the greatest.
even those who wait (the women at home in this case) also
served.

The beautiful gateway of Stratfield Cemetery was erected
by the Mary Silliman Chapter of Bridgeport, and the charm-
ing entrance to Putnam Park, was contributed by the Eliza-
beth Porter Chapter, of Putnam, another of those numerous
notable "Restorations" which Connecticut chapters have
prosecuted in the honor of the patriotic dead, who yet are
made to live and speak through these signs and symbols
of the past. Forty-two Revolutionary soldiers lie in the
burying-ground at Stratfield. and their names are inscribed
on the gateway at the entrance. This gate is fourteen feet
high and twelve feet wide, with a two foot entrance

142 Sto7'y of the Records

on either side. The insignia of the D. A. R., heroic size,
surmounts the central arch, and the names of the forty-two
soldiers engraved on bronze tablets are a part of the mas-
sive structure.

Greenwood Chapter, of Winsted : This Chapter has dur-
ing the last year placed several markers on Revolutionary
graves, and in October marked a historic spot on Wallen's
Hill, which was the site of the first meeting house of the town
but is now a deserted hill pasture. A substantial hooded
gate is being built at the entrance of this field on the
"stepping-stone" which remains in its original position. It
reads, "The stepping-stone of the first meeting house of
Winsted, built here in 1793. D. A. R., 1904."

One of the most pleasing and useful memorials erected
by a Connecticut chapter is that of the Memorial Fountain
in honor of Nathan Hale, by the Norwalk Chapter, of the
town of Norwalk.

This Chapter has placed a wayside stone on Norwalk
Hill, to commemorate the burning of the town, July 11,
1779, by General Try on, of the British force. The Nor-
walk Chapter asked Daughters throughout the State to
contribute to the purchase of books for the foreign citizens'
traveling library to be in charge of the Connecticut Public
Library Committee. The bookplate bears this inscription:

"Foreign Citizens' Library

presented by the

Connecticut Daughters of the American Revolution.

We pledge alliance to our Country's Flag

And the Republic for which it stands: One

Nation, and indivisible, with liberty

and justice for all."

The Mary Floyd Talmadge Chapter: This Chapter,
of Litchfield, has considerable romance woven around
the history of its Patron Saint. Mary Floyd was

Story of the Records 143

the daughter of General William Floyd, one of
the signers of the Declaration, of Independence, and
became the wife of Major Benjamin Talmadge. It
is a tradition among her descendants that her hand
was sought in marriage by James Madison, and
Thomas Jefferson paid his court to her sister Catherine.
But for some reason neither distinguished gentlemen's suits
prospered, and she became the wife of Major Talmadge,
who was an honored personal friend of Washington and
Lafayette. The former placed great confidence in Major
Talmadge's judgment, as well as giving many proofs of
personal regard for the young officer. It was to Major
Talmadge, that Major Andre, after his capture on the eve
of September 23, 1780, made the confession that he was an
English officer who was serving his country in the role of
a spy. Major Talmadge's connection with the prisoner
during the few days of life that remained to him, revealed
the noble nature of the unfortunate man. Aside from the
lovely face that looks out from a miniature, little is known
of the personality of Mary Floyd, but occupying such a
high social position, and the part she must have taken in
social life might well entitle her to the appellation her hus-
band addressed her with, "The beloved partner."

Mary Floyd Talmadge Chapter has a "Forestry Com-
mittee," and last year enlisted the school children in a
crusade against the tent caterpillar, paying ten cents per
hundred for eggs delivered to the Committee, and offering
prizes to the boy or girl bringing in the largest number.

A Loan Exhibit was recently made in the old home of
Mary Floyd Talmadge, and among the notable things of
interest was some of the silver service used by her, such as
a teapot and coffee urn. teaspoons, etc. Here was to be
seen the swords of several Revolutionary officers, — Major
Moses Seymour and Colonel Ephrahim Kirby.

The Mary Silliman Chapter: This Chapter has taken
charge of Stratfield Cemeter}', where a number of Revolu-

144 Story of the Records

tionary soldiers lie, and has contributed to the restoration of
the Ellsworth Homestead. Mary Silliman, the chapter's
namesake, the wife of Brigadier-General Gold Sellick Silli-
man, was truly a patriotic woman, brave, devoted to her
God, her country, and her family.

Deborah Avery Putnam of Plainfield : This is a small
chapter, but quite active along historic lines of work. Deborah
Avery Putnam was the daughter of Samuel Crow Lathrop.
She was three times married, which fact is sufficient proof
of her personality and her courage. Her last husband was
the famous Israel Putnam, who was already famous for
manly courage through the "Wolf Den" experience, and by
this last marriage Deborah Avery assumed the care of
seven motherless children. It is said of her that she was
proud of her husband and happy in her home. It is also
on record that — "She was of an easy and agreeable dis-
position, and beloved as a step-mother." The Elizabeth
Porter Chapter, of Putnam, is named for the mother of
General Israel Putnam, and it, with the assistance of some
other chapters, has purchased the "Wolf Den" property in
Pomfret.

The Putnam Hill Chapter ; of Greenwich, was named
in commemoration of the hill down which General Putnam
took his famous ride. Over two thousand dollars was spent
on the purchase of the spot where Putnam killed the
wolves. A tablet has been put up on Putnam Hill by Put-
nam Hill Chapter.

Mrs. Helen Redington Adams, in her Chapter Sketches,
says of this interesting event, — "The most destructive of
the British General Tyron's invasions in Connecticut oc-
curred February 26, 1779. With three regiments Tryon
marched from King's Bridge, a few miles north of New
York, for Horseneck, Greenwich, to destroy the salt works
situated near the present railroad station of Cos Cob.
When the British appeared on the above site, Putnam, with

Story of the Records 145

a single piece of artillery, was preparing to defend the high
ground in that part of Greenwich. A detachment of
British coming suddenly in sight, he quickly ordered his
company to retire, and started himself for a neighboring
town to obtain reinforcements ; being hotly pursued by the
enemy, Putnam plunged down the precipice at a full gallop,
dashed across the road and escaped. On the hill where the
event occurred, an Episcopal church stood, and to accom-
modate its members a series of about 100 steps had been
placed, leading directly up the height to the church. It
was down these steps that Putnam took his mad plunge,
and the British dragoons, a sword length behind him, when
the declivity was reached, dared not follow. Thus occurred
General Putnam's "Leap into History."

The Roger Sherman Chapter : Tiiomas Jeffer-
son said of Roger Sherman. — "That he never spoke
a foolish word." . Truly a remarkable thing to say
of any man. New Mil ford named its chapter for this
correct old hero, who was a member of the Continental
Congress, a member of the Council of Safety for three
successive years; a member of the Committee to draft the
Declaration of Independence ; also one of its signers ; and
a delegate to the Convention of 1787, which framed the
Constitution of the United States ; and later a United States
Senator. And, as he was a citizen of Milford for eighteen
years, the Chapter is proud to wear his honored name.
Roger Sherman died in New Haven, and was Mayor of that
City — its first Mayor — an office which he retained until his
death, July 22^, 1793, and he is buried in Grove Street
Cemetery, New Haven.

Ruth Hart Chapter; of Meriden, has for its patron
saint a descendant of James Cole of Essex County, Eng-
land, one of the founders of the City of Hartford, Con-
necticut. She was the wife of General Selah Hart of the
Revolutionary Army. She was more than a Centenarian,
10

146 Story of the Records

being born in 1742^ and died in January, 1844, having at-
tained the remarkable age of loi years. The entire century
through which Ruth Cole lived was one of conflict and
change. And it is especially remarkable for the political
changes which occurred in America. During the first
thirty-three years of her life, Ruth Cole was a subject of
Kings George Second and Third. Then followed fifteen
years of strife, turmoil, and bloodshed, beginning with the
war of the American Revolution and ending with the adop-
tion of the Constitution,, and George Washington as the
President of the new Republic. The remaining fifty four
years of this long lived pioneer woman were spent under
more peaceful conditions of the successive administrations
of ten Presidents, — Washington, John Adams, Jefferson,
Madison, Monroe, John Quincy Adams, Jackson, Van
Buren, Wm. Henry Harrison, and Tyler. This Ruth Hart
Chapter is reclaiming and beautifying an old burying-
ground in its vicinity, containing the graves of the early
settlers and some Revolutionary soldiers.

The Sabra Trumbull Chapter; of Rockville, recently
marked the spot where stood the house that General Lafay-
ette was entertained on his way from Boston to Hartford,
in 1824. The completed work consists of a small park con-
taining a boulder, with an appropriate inscription on it, and
a drinking fountain. Sabra Trumbull was the daughter of
Sabra and Ammi Trumbull, Jr., and a great-granddaughter
of Joseph Trumbull, who came to Suffield 1670, and who was
the founder of the highly distinguished Trumbull family in
Connecticut, containing among its members, — Governors,
Judges, Legislators, Ministers, Historians, a Poet, and an
Artist.

The Emma Hart Willard Chapter; of Berlin, has
chosen for its patron saint a woman who did more for the
higher education of women than any other anywhere in the
United States. Emma Hart Willard was the pioneer who

Story of the Records 147

literally hewed out the steps upon which women have
climbed into the privilep^es of higher education. She

founded Troy Seminary, and trained most of its teachers,
and thus demonstrated that women can be trained into pro-
fessional teaching by women and sustain themselves under
the most difficult method of acquiring knowledge. Natur-
ally the special work undertaken by the chapter bearing her
name is along educational lines.

The Abig.ml Wolcott Chapter: In April, 1893, an
important announcement was made to the chapter
women of Connecticut. It was remarkable that every
living descendant of Oliver and Abigail Wolcott Ells-
worth one hundred and sixteen in number, had united
in presenting to the Connecticut Daughters of the American
Revolution, the homestead in Windsor, in which Oliver
Ellsworth, a judge of the Supreme Court of the State of
Connecticut, a member of the Council of Safety, one of the
framers of the Federal Constitution, a Minister Plenipoten-
tiary to France, Senator and Chief Justice of the United
States, under its first President, George Washington, —
lived and died. The home lot, something more than 200
feet square, was included in the gift, and the proviso was
made, that the house should be preserved and maintained
as an historical museum, and a meeting place for the Con-
necticut Daughters of the American Revolution. The gift
with its conditions was at once accepted by Mrs. Sara T.
Kinney, Regent, who has done such admirable work ; and
the "Daughters" immediately undertook the pleasant task
of thoroughly repairing the homestead, and beautifying the
grounds. A special fund was raised for the purpose, and
furnishings representing the colonial period were presented
practically by every chapter in the State ; and in October,
1893. the old mansion was thrown open to the general pub-
lic, and dedicated with appropriate patriotic services, includ-
ing addresses by two grandsons, by William W. Ellsworth,
and Judge Henry E. Painter, and by the Chairman of the

148 Story of the Records

General Committee, Mrs. John Holcomb. The deeds of
transfer of this handsome property were given by Mrs,
Frank Porter, a great-great-granddaughter of Oliver Ells-
worth, and accepted by the State Regent, Mrs. Kinney.
This was probably one of the first official homes owned by
Daughters of the American Revolution in the States. The
brilliant scene will not soon be forgotten, made conspicuous
and dignified by the presence of many State Officials, ac-
companied by the Governor's Foot Guards in bright uni-
forms. The Abigail Wolcott Chapter makes its home in
the Ellsworth House, it being also regarded as a home for
all other State Chapters.

Anna Brewster Fanning Chapter ; of Groton, is
small, but proud of its patron saint, Anna Brewster, who
was a daughter of Elder William Brewster of Mayflower
fame, was born 1753, in Griswold, Connecticut. Since it
is in law and practice conceded that man and wife are one,
and in the old days, if not now, that the one was the husband,
Anna Brewster's claim to Chapter "Saintship" consists in
the fact that she was the wife of Capt. Charles Fanning,
who was a distinguished soldier in the Revolutionary Army.
His service began in 1775, in New London, New York, and
Peekskill, and was with Washington in Pennsylvania, and
took part in the battle of Germantown, and in the defense
of Fort Mifflin. He wintered in Valley Forge and shared
in the perils of the battle of Monmouth. He was a charter
member of the Society of Cincinnati.

The Susan Carrington Clark Chapter; of Meriden.
Miss Clark was elected Regent of Connecticut in 1895, and
her unexpected death occurred in October of the same
year, while on a visit to the Atlanta Exposition. But, al-
though she had no time to prove her ability as Regent,
she was generally acknowledged to be one of the most
public spirited women Connecticut has ever produced.
Consequently, the only chapter she had organized being

Story of flic Records 149

still without a name, what more fitting than it should
bear hers, since she was descended from one of the State's
most noted sons, identified with the history of the State
and country. She was the great-granddaughter of Esek
Hopkins, first Commodore of the United States Navy ;
and great-grandniece of Stephen Hopkins of Rhode Island,
who was one of the signers of the Declaration of Inde-
pendence. She administered her great fortune with all the
breadth of view of a man, showing interest in public affairs,
and kindly sympathy in thoughtful private ways. Her
untimely death caused grief throughout the State as well as
among the Daughters of the American Revolution, in which
Society she was so much interested.

Haddam, where Nathan Hale taught school, is in charge
of the Nathan Hale Memorial Chapter. Nathan
Hale's story is familiar to all. The history of his brief
life and tragic death has made his name famous as that
of the "Martyr Spy." Nathan Hale Memorial Chapter has
completed the monument erected to the memory of Major-
General Joseph Spencer, of East Haddam. The Daughters
throughout the State helped. This Chapter has recently
erected a new granite pedestal for the bust of Nathan Hale
in the park at East Haddam. The expense was largely
met by public spirited townspeople.

Connecticut is so rich in material that there is an em-
barrassment of riches, and the reader who has further in-
terest in Connecticut's D. A. R. history is referred to the
annual Reports published under the auspices of the Smith-
sonian Institution, and to two little volumes published by
the united action of the Daughters of Connecticut, viz:
"Chapter Sketches." a history so called of the "Patron
Saints" of the Chapters, and another book should be pub-
lished by the same combination, — '"The Patriot Daughters."

CHAPTER III.

HODE ISLAND : The women of the D. A. R.
Society in New England have done their part,
and with the accomplishment of years are well
crowned. We will cross the line from the old
Bay State and go into Rhode Island, and here
we find the same enthusiasm, the same patriotic spirit
governing the Daughters in all the ways they tread.

Since the days Massasoit relinquished a portion of his
Mentauk lands to the Plymouth Colony, since the days
of the first town meeting in "Old Bristol," when the ser-
vices were opened and closed with prayer, and the one
who ventured to leave before the closing prayer was fined
a shilling, down through the life of the Roger Williams
colony, — this goodly heritage has not been left without a
patriotic, loyal people ; and so it came that the first chapter
formed in Rhode Island, December 17, 1891, was on the
spot of the old shire town Bristol, by Daughters, many of
whom were descendants of the four men, — Byfield,
Wolley, Oliver, and Burton, who came into possession of
the land by royal decree and a payment of one thousand
pounds.

The work and enthusiasm spread through the towns and
cities of the State. The Gaspee Chapter and the Paw-
TUCKETT Chapter were organized within the year 1892.
Now we find nine progressive chapters have organized with
enthusiasm and success. Money and clothing were sent to
the Hospital Corps and the Spanish American War Fund.
The sum sent by the Pawtucket Chapter was the second re-
ceived. In the hour of need they were ready. While as-
sisting and caring for the sick soldiers at Camp Wikoflf and
seeing that they were comfortably transported to the hos-
pitals, and furnishing hospital supplies, surgeons and
nurses — this was perhaps the most grateful work done by

Story of the Records 151

the Rhode Island Daughters. In the intervals of peace
the graves of the Revolutionary dead were not forgotten.

One chapter has a rich field for historic research in the
town made famous by its greatest citizen, — General
Nathaniel Green, whose name it bears. Almost the first
work of the Bristol Chapter was to raise one thousand
dollars, the interest of which is annually given t|o the
writer of the best historical Essay in the Woman's College
of Brown University. The Gaspee Chapter also raises
forty dollars for the best essay on some topic in American
History, to be given to a young lady student in the gradu-
ating class of the Woman's College of Brown University.
And the Pawtucket Chapter has devoted its energies to
raising a sum of money to be used toward a
building fund of the Woman's College. The "Wolf's
Den" — that historic spot in Pomfret, Connecticut,
where General Putnam killed the last wolf in Windham —
the purchase of which has become the absorbing interest
of the Woonsocket Chapter. "Wolf Den Park" will
be the result. The liberal contribution, to the War Fund
of this Chapter, of the Phoebe Green Ward Chap-
ter, the Narragansett Chapter, in fact of all the
chapters, tells more than words what the Daughters are
doing by being banded together, and the patriotism that
burst its bounds and wrote its mission in fire, when the
"Gaspee" was burned, has only been lying quiet in the
embers for another generation to fan into life and useful-
ness.

The place this State has won in the National Society
by its steadfastness and helpfulness is well established,
and the crowning act was the gift, through their Regent,
Mrs. Charles Warren Lippitt, at the Fourteenth Congress, in
the new Continental Hall, from the Flint Lock and Powder
Horn Chapter ; it was not the gift of fire and sword, but
of love and peace, in the form of a beautiful brass Lecturn
and Bible, which will through the years bring its message
to coming Congresses.

152 St07'y of the Records

NEW HAMPSHIRE: Let us leave the land of John
Rogers for that of Molly Stark to see what her descendants
are doing through the Daughters in New Hampshire.

Molly Stark was the daughter of John and Elizabeth
Page; she was born in Starkstown, New Hampshire, 1737,
and married John Stark. It is said that General Stark had
a very tender side to his nature, which was evinced by his
love for pets, and by his habitual use of nicknames ; each
member of his family bore a pet name. He had eleven
children, and his wife was always "Molly" to him. His
memorable speech at Bennington, — "This battle must be won
today or Molly Stark will be a widow," has handed her
name down to posterity.

History says she often stood sentinel when a young girl
at the rough fort to watch for the Indians, while her father
and brother were at work in the fields, or were "away to
the rear." She was noted for her strong, energetic, de-
cision of character ; eminently hospitable and kind to all,
rich or poor.

When General Stark was encamped at Ticonderoga, the
weather was cold, his soldiers were ill-clad and poorly fed.
The General was sad and dejected, and to make his situa-
tion doubly worse, smallpox broke out among them. Molly
Stark immediately sent word to him to have the sick all
sent to her. Her house was turned into a hospital, and she
was nurse and physician, and she did not lose a single
case — some twenty in all — her young children being among
the victims.

When the news came of the invasion of Boston Harbor
by the British, John Stark was at work in his saw-mill.
Without stopping to go home, he sprang upon his horse,
in his shirt sleeves and hurried along, recruiting his neigh-
bors and friends as he went. His wife lost no time in
getting his clothes together in a bundle and mounting a
horse followed, hoping soon to overtake him, which did not
occur until she had reached Medford, Massachusetts. She
delivered her bundle, stayed over night, and then retraced

Story of the Records 153

her steps alone, through the unbroken forest from Medford
town to Anioskeag Falls.

Caleb, his oldest son, at the age of fifteen entered the
Army of the Revolution, and was in the battle of Bunker
Hill, as a volunteer in his father's regiment. He served
through the war and became a Brigadier General. In later
years he moved to Ohio to prosecute his claims to land grants
for military service; these were recovered in 1837. This
land embraced the whole county in which Canton — the
home of the late President McKinley — is situated.

The daughter. Mary, married B. F. Stickney, and was
the mother of "Major Two-Stickney," who was celebrated
in connection with the long boundary warfare between Ohio
and Michigan.

From the daughter, Mary Stickney, was descended the
late Joseph Henry Stickney, of Baltimore, whose princely
bequests to the Congregational Home Missionary Society,
to the Church Building Society, to the endowment of a
fund for the preservation and care of Plymouth Rock, is
conclusive proof that he inherited qualities of sturdy
citizenship from his ancestors, — John and Molly Stark.

When Molly Stark died, the General was 86 years
old. It is said when the funeral procession left the lawn,
the General, too feeble to follow, tottered back into the
house, saying sadly, "Goodby Molly ; we sup no more to-
gether on earth." We do not wonder that with such women
in the Old Granite State, that her State constitution was
the first on record ; nor do we wonder that early in the
organization of this Society there was formed a Molly
Stark Chapter, and that it carries on its rolls a membership
of over one hundred.

The Library of the National Society D. A. R. has been
greatly enriched by the town histories which have been
contributed by New Hampshire Chapters to its archives.
Consequently, this State makes a better record for itself
than some of the others. This compilation was largely
due to the energy of Mrs. Josiah Carpenter, then State
Regent.

154 Story of the Records

AsHUELOT Chapter; of Keene, has placed a granite
boulder on the corner of Main and Baker Streets to mark
the road over which the patriots of Keene set forth for
Concord and Lexington on that memorable day, which
ushered in, not only the Battle of Lexington, but the War
of the Revolution. It is a rough granite stone, with one
side polished, and bears one hundred and fifty names of the
men of the company, and four names unknown. And there
are twenty-two Revolutionary soldiers' graves marked by
this chapter, which has done some of the best chapter work
extant.

Elsa Cilley Chapter ; of Nottingham, has placed two
memorial stones at the graves of Captain Joseph Cilley and
his wife Elsa. She was remarkably capable and energetic.

BuNTiN Chapter ; of Pembroke, reports a completed list
of soldiers graves identified with D. A. R. markers, in the
town cemetery as twenty-two, giving the military
history of each man — four buried in Allentown, eight in
Hookset, N. H. Buntin Chapter, of Pembroke ; Exeter, of
Exeter; Margery Sullivan, of Dover, all contributed hand-
somely to the relief work of the Spanish-American War.

MiLFORD Chapter; of Milford, has marked twenty-one
graves of the Revolutionary soldiers buried in the town,
with bronze markers, and of those buried elsewhere in the
State, desiring to preserve the name of all for the rolls of
honor, who took part in that sanguinary revolt from British
dominion. Milford Chapter has been recognized as doing
efficient work, in having had published in the American
Monthly Magazine, a list of soldiers' graves marked by the
chapter; and the Anna Stickney Chapter has been doing
good work in restoring historic graveyards. The Samuel
Ashley Chapter, the Folsom Hilton Chapter, and Reprisal
Chapter, in their work of decorating graves ; giving prizes
for historical essays ; and contributions for tablets, — have
all well done their part.

Story of the Records 155

Molly Reid Chapter ; of Derby, has marked the spot
where Major-General John Stark was born with a memorial
stone, plain, strong, and simple, like his character. It is
situated on a hillside orchard in East Derby; and it has
also erected a modest monument to Molly Reid, its patron
Saint.

The AloLLY Stark Chapter ; of Manchester, has contri-
buted books of history to the public school library ; and also
been active in the Spanish-American War relief work.

Reprisal Chapter ; of Newport, has restored Revolution-
ary tombstones ; and shown great interest in war relief
work. Samuel Ashley Chapter has contributed to the pur-
chase of Meadow Garden Farm in Georgia, and to Con-
tinental Hall Fund in Washington, D. C.

Liberty Chapter ; of Tilton, devotes its energies loyally
to popularizing an interest in American History.

RuMFORD Chapter, of Concord, contributed handsomely
to the building of the New Hampshire Historical Society.

Exeter Chapter has placed tablets on the "Garrison
house," built by John Gilmer about 1760, and another on the
outside of the room of the house where the Continental
money was kept during the Revolution. This tablet reads
— -"State Treasury 1775-1789." Another tablet has been
placed by the chapter to mark the house where Washington
breakfasted, November 4, 1781. Colonel Poor's residence
site is marked as that of New Hampshire's most dis-
tinguished representative in the Revolutionary War. The
house on Cass Street, where General Lewis Cass was born,
was also marked.

Eunice Baldwin Chapter erected a memorial to
"Soldiers of the American Revolution buried in unknown
graves."

156 Story of the Records

The Margery Sullivan Chapter, of Dover, has for her
patron saint a beautiful, high spirited and witty Irish
woman, born in Cork, 1714. Her maiden name was Brown,
and nothing is known of her origin, but it must have been
good. She came to New York 1723. At the age of twenty
she married John Sullivan, of a distinguished family in
Limerick, Ireland. They dwelt together sixty years, twenty
being spent in Dover and the remainder on a farm in the
town of Berwick, Maine. The husband lived to be a hundred
and five years of age. Margery Sullivan lived to be eighty
years, and died about 1800. The fruit of their marriage
was one daughter and five sons, all of whom became dis-
tinguished men. One son entered the British Army, but
died before the outbreak of the Revolution. Ebenezer,
James, and General John Sullivan, were all officers in the
patriotic Army, winning distinction.

After the war, John became Governor of New Hamp-
shire, James Governor of Massachusetts, and the third
founded a town in Maine, — Mount Desert, which still bears
this name. A grandson became Governor of Maine, and
four generations of Sullivans have left their impress upon
communities where they lived.

Other work of this chapter is marking the retaining wall
where the first meeting house in New Hampshire stood.

Matthew Thornton Chapter ; of Nashua, offered a
prize to public school pupils for the best essay on "Causes
of the American Revolution." This chapter has placed a
marker with the following inscription:

"On this point of land dwelt

John Lovewell

One of the earliest settlers

Of Dunston, at whose house

Hannah Dunston

Spent the night after her

Escape from the Indians

Story of the Records 157

At Pencook Island

March 30. 1698

Erected by

Matthew Thornton Chapter, D. A. R.,

Nashua, N. H. — 1902."

Ellen I. Sanger Chapter ; of Lvttleton, was named for
its founder, who was zealously working for the formation
of the chapter when she died. The patriotic work accom-
plished by these New Hampshire chapters is of great impor-
tance, and takes rank among that of the best in other states.
* * * +

VERMONT: The controversy that grew out of the dis-
pute between the colonies of New York and New Hamp-
shire, relative to the boundary and debatable lands, including
the whole of the present State of Vermont, then called the
New Hampshire grants, made the name of Ethan Allen
conspicuous. Allen was chosen as agent, in 1770, to re-
present the settlers in the litigation at Albany. The decision
was adverse to the settlers, and they were determined to re-
sist. They adopted Allen's own phrase, "The Gods of the
Valleys are not the Gods of the hills." Allen was made
Colonel of an armed force to protect what they believed to
be their rights. Affairs kept on this way until the Revolu-
tion. New York maintaining her hostile attitude, and the
Vermonters the possession of their farms.

When the battle of Lexington fired the country within
a few days, 20,000 men had gathered around Boston. John
Stark came at the head of the New Hampshire Militia ;
Israel Putnam, with his leather waistcoat, came flying to
the nearest town and enjoined the militia to follow him,
he mounted a horse and rode to Cambridge, a hundred
miles in eighteen hours ; Rhode Island sent her quota
under brave Nathaniel Green ; Benedict Arnold came with
the provincials from New Haven ; but Ethan Allen, of Ver-
mont, started at the head of two hundred and seventy
"Green Mountain Boys,'' on an expedition against Ticon-

158 Story of the Records

deroga. He knew the necessity of capturing this important
fortress with its vast magazine of stores ; and so this
audacious Mountaineer went about his business, asking
orders from no one. Benedict Arnold left Cambridge and
joined the expedition as a private.

It would seem that animosity against New York had
passed away in the country's greater trouble. It is well
known, with a small portion of his men who could cross the
Lake Champlain in time — eighty, all told — that the siu-render
of the fort was demanded, and when asked by the astounded
Commandant, Delaplace, "By what authority?" "In the
name of the Great Jehovah and the Continental Congress,"
was Allen's quick reply. As a matter of fact the Continental
Congress in Philadelphia did not convene for over six hours
after this surrender — yet Allen was not waiting upon orders
that day! The Garrison surrendered, and the provisions
were sent to Connecticut. A fortress which had cost Great
Britain many million pounds sterling, with all its stores,
was captured in ten minutes by a company of the undis-
ciplined provincials. This was the 9th of May. On the
i6th of June, Prescott with a thousand men was sent to
occupy and entrench Bunker Hill.

Of course. General Allen did not end his war career with
the fall of Ticonderoga, but we know enough to understand
why there is an Ethan Allen Chapter, in Vermont, of the
Daughters of the American Revolution. This chapter has
located and verified sixty-seven Revolutionary soldiers'
graves, and we wonder if they were the "Green Mountain
boys" who captured Ticonderoga. They have bought
pictures of historic meaning for the public schools ; and
are collecting a D. A. R. library of old and rare books,
which will help in historic study.

The Ann Story Chapter ; of Rutland, has had the name
of their patron saint carved upon her tombstone at Salis-
bury. By a second marriage her name became Goodrich,
and her identity would in time have been lost, but for the

Story of the Records 159

timely action of this chapter. Their roll of honor list for-
warded to the American Monthly Magazine for publication
bears one hundred and six names. Seventy-nine graves
have been located, and one hundred and seventeen verified,
and this chapter has assisted in all the patriotic work of
the State. The contributions of this chapter to the great
Memorial Continental Hall have always been very liberal
The site of old Fort Ranger, and the military road from
Charlestown to Crown Point, has been honored in memory
by a Barre Granite Monument.

The Brattleboro Chapter has always been busy with
patriotic work ; it has located and verified many soldiers'
graves. It has marked the site of the old Court House, at
Westminster, Vermont, where William French, the first
martyr of the Revolution, met his death. The marker con-
sists of a large granite boulder with a bronze tablet, on
which is the following inscription:

"Court House

Built under the reign of George HI.

1772.

Scene of Massacre, March 31, 1775.

Occupied by Vermont until 1778

Brattleboro Chapter, No. 75,

Daughters of the American Revolution."

The success of this undertaking was largely due to the
enthusiasm and efficiency of Mrs. Ira Sherman Jemse,
Chairman of the Committee.

This Chapter started a fund for marking the site of the
old camp ground at Brattleboro. One of its members, Mrs.
J. J. Estey, has long been an honored and helpful member
of the National Board of Management, first as State Regent
and two terms as Vice President.

The Hand Cove Chapter : This chapter has raised a fund

i6o Story of the Records

towards a marker for Ethan Allen and the patriots who ren-
dezvoused with him and went to the Capture of Fort Ticon-
deroga, May 1775. The site commands a view of "Fort Ti"
and Hands Cove.

The Belleview Chapter ; of St. Albans, has contributed
liberally to Continental Hall. It has placed copies of the
Declaration of Independence in the town schools. With
befitting ceremonies it planted the "Osage Orange Liberty
Tree," sent out by the Society from seed sown at the ground
breaking of Continental Hall, and which was propagated
for a year in the Government Gardens. These reminders
of "Liberty" are scattered throughout the States; and it
is hoped their bountiful fruitage will be emblematic of the
Society.

The Palestrello Chapter is at Wallingford. A mem-
ber of this chapter is a Real Daughter, and the chapter has
been enthusiastic in caring for her wants, traveling thirty
miles over the mountains, through mud and snow, to
attend to her need. What better testimony is required, that
the spirit of the "Green Mountain Boys" still hovers over
the State, than this, and that the other nineteen chapters
in the State have given liberally for this patriotic work.
Some will ask loyal Daughters, as they are, why they chose
the name Palestrello? The Recording Secretary of this
Chapter, in explanation, says, "It is written, Tn order to
make a man good we must begin with his grandmother.'
Why not, then, trace the bravery and loyal allegiance to
God and the right, that characterized our Revolutionary
fathers, and that emblazons their memory in our minds
and hearts, back to their grandmothers?" She also quotes
from Heinrich Heine, "When I read history and am im-
pressed with any great deed, I feel as if I should like to see
the woman who is concealed behind it as its secret in-
centive." Then she repeats the story of Christopher Col-
umbus meeting in Madrid the pretty black-eyed Felipo

Story of the Records i6i

Moniz Palestrello, and that she was the daughter of Bar-
tholomew Palestrello, a man of wealth and engaged in
trade by water, and owned many ships ; and that Felipo
made a number of hazardous voyages with her father in
unfamiliar waters, and later made geographical drawings,
and these were used with profit by Columbus, for when her
education was finished, she became his wife ; and with her
dower were the valuable navigation charts, journals, and
memorandums. Felipo, from childhood, had bestowed
time and enthusiasm on the matters of geographic dis-
covery, of which Lisbon was then headquarters. Felipo
had a fine education ; was a brilliant and brainy woman,
and had great influence over her husband, and was
constantly urging him on in the path which finally brought
him to the discovery of this New Continent. It goes with-
out contradiction that this chapter "found the woman back
of it," and it was Palestrello who was the secret incentive
to the discovery of America, and the chapter has chosen
well their Patron Saint!

The Green Mountain State is as rich in membership
throughout the chapters, as it has been in State Regents ;
members who are daily adding to the good work of this
Society. Chapters like Bennington, Browson, Lake Dun-
more, Armbee, Marquis De Lafayette, Oxbow, Hebar Allen,
St. John De Grevecoeur, Ascutney, Ottauqueechee, — have
caught the spirit of patriotism that has distilled in the hills
of their State, and it is as firmly rooted as the Mountains
of Granite ; and so they find soldiers' graves to commemor-
ate ; and soldiers' children to care for ; and give freely
of their substance for the National Memorial Continental
Hall, which will for all time be the Universal Monument
to every patriot, man or woman !

* * * *

MAINE : Let us slip along the coast following in the wake

of John Smith, as his ships surveyed the bays and islands

in 1614, We will take a look at the monument erected in

his honor on the Isle of Shoals by a grateful citizenship.

II

i62 Story of the Records

Since that time, through the days of the Massachusetts Bay
Colony occupancy until 1820, Maine has been an independ-
ent State.

We find a sturdy yeomanry has possessed the land, and
while no "State of Maine" is credited with Revolutionary
soldiery, the names of men and women are legion who did
valiant service for their country in the days that tried their
souls, in this most eastern territory of Uncle Sam's pos-
sessions. It is because this remote section was late in as-
suming the majesty of Statehood and adding the dignity
of a seal upon her fair name, that the Daughters of the
American Revolution were tardy in coming into the fold
of their inheritance. Let it be so. Nevertheless, like the
men and women who have made the state a factor in our
great body politics and who do honor to her name ; so
have the "Daughters" of Maine, since they organized their
first chapter, forged ahead with the same fortitude and
high purpose that characterized their heroic ancestry.

To-day fourteen chapters are on their honor-roll, many
of them celebrated in name by some "Patron Saint" — what
tribute more beautiful or more appropriate could they pay
to their revered dead.

Almost the first work of the chapters was to take
measures to assist the historical society in purchasing the
home in Portland where General and Mrs. Wadsworth
lived, and which Longfellow once occupied.

Another man of Revolutionary fame has been honored.
In Thomaston. a tablet has been placed to General Knox,
by the chapter bearing his name. The members have pledged
themselves to raise the money to restore and preserve the
old church where General Knox and his family attended
divine worship.

The beautiful work of the Mary Dillingham Chapter,
of Lewiston, stands forth, backed by the patriotism that
filled the hearts of the Daughters, It has established a
public library free to all its citizens, and has a valuable
historical library in connection with it. This was ac-

Stoj-y of tJic Records 163

complished by their unceasing work from small beginnings ;
at first in rooms, and when a Hbrarian could not be paid a
salary, the Daughters volunteered their services. Through
the generosity of Andrew Carnegie, supplemented by the
Lewiston people and the city government, and with the
aid and influence of Hon. W. P. Frye, a fine library build-
ing is now in evidence ; and the Daughters of the American
Revolution have builded a monument which will endure
for all time in the minds and the hearts of the citizens.

We are not unmindful that one of the honored Vice
Presidents came from this Chapter, Mrs. Wm. P. Frye.
Much of her time being spent in Washington, she always
found the opportunity of serving the Society.

The Francis Dighton Williams Chapter ; of Bangor,
has added a star to its crown. Old Pemaquid, by the
efforts of the Bangor women, is slowly but surely shown
to be an historical landmark of great moment to all who are
interested in antiquities. There is a plan to reproduce the
old castle, which will be a museum, and that will show
the early history of our Country. The appropriation from
the Main Legislature and the Commission to carry on the
work was secured by the efforts of the Bangor Chapter.
The first money appropriated ($1,500) was the first money
ever given in Maine for historical purposes. The Daugh-
ters of Maine may well be proud that they have succeeded
in entering the wedge for historical research.

Pemaquid, where once stood an old stone castle, a part
of Fort William Henry, built centuries ago by the English
at a cost of many thousand pounds, was later captured by
the French, and is now governed by the United States.

Fifty people, English, landed at Pemaquid August 8 and
10, 1607, which date stands out in white figures marking the
great fort rock.

Among the ruins to be restored, is the ancient curious
"Cache," which has puzzled historians for years. It is a
round structure ten feet deep and seven feet in diameter,

164 Story of the Records

walled up with odd shaped bricks ; the top lies two feet be-
low ground, and its only opening large enough to admit a
man, and, this carefully concealed by a large flat stone. It
was probably a safe deposit in war times. This valuable
relic was discovered by two ladies. Here beneath this
stone are awaiting to be uncovered and protected the pav-
ing of four forts ; walled cellars, a shipyard wharf, the brick
"Cache;" paved streets that would teach us the art
now; an ancient burying-ground ; cannon balls; primitive
implements of every description. Here, too, was a "James-
town," a name to fire the imagination; the land lying to
the west, and reaching over harbor and bay, to the distant
ocean, was called "Jamestown." It seems the hardy path-
finders of Pemaquid and Jamestown had settled here
thirteen years before the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth
Rock; and the Pilgrims sent to this early colony for sup-
plies ; and although these early builders of Jamestown and
Pemaquid held sway but a term of years, they left a record
that baffles historians; but one that will eventually lead
to the unraveling of this mystery, and add an interesting
page to hitherto unwritten history. This grand work is
being undertaken by the D. A. R. Chapters of Maine, and
no doubt will be carried on to completion.

And so the good work is going on throughout all the
chapters in the State; and not the least of the efforts, for
which they deserve praise, is the unstinted endeavor they
have made to prosecute to the finish Memorial Continental
Hall ; for in that they honor, not only their own ancestry,
but every woman and every man who paid tribute to the
foundation of a free government.

CHAPTER IV.

EW YORK: New York has many reasons for
congratulating itself for the position it holds
in the organization. It is the Banner State
of the organization, plucking the laurels it
holds from grand old Connecticut in spite of
her magnificent work ! New York now numbering
nearly eight thousand Daughters and eighty-two chapters.
It is not in numbers alone, but the work accomplished
and the superb character of the work which has stamped
it the "Banner State."

From its goodly heritage emanated one of the Society's
President Generals, Mrs. Daniel Manning, whose masterly
influence brought honor and progressiveness to the Society.
One of the "Founders," the one whose "bugle call"
brought the Society into existence, is a New Yorker by
birth.

New York's State Regents, Vice Presidents, and chap-
ter regents, have been an honor to the State, and through
them the work has been brought to the present high stand-
ard. Their work will have to be taken as a whole, rather
than individualized. We find ourselves troubled with an
embarrassment of riches ; where to begin and where to end
it all in the space allotted. The chapter having the largest
membership of any in the State should come in first in
recognition. This is the Bufifalo Chapter, of over four
hundred and eighty members. The illustrated foreign
lecture course on American History, which originated in
this chapter deserves special mention for its great success
in educating the foreign population of Buffalo, and in
promoting patriotic education. These lectures began by
being delivered in a hall, without seats, to over six hundred
listeners. It is from this commencement that a National
Committee was named by Mrs. Fairbanks on Patriotic

i66 Story of the Records

education, of which Mrs. J. Heron Crosman, the able Vice-
President of New York was made Chairman.

The Chapter has recently entered upon a new line of
work, directed by its Regent, Mrs. John Miller Horton;
that of marking the graves of soldiers of the American
Revolution interred in Buffalo, Lewiston, Niagara Falls,
Williamsville, and East Aurora, and these patriotic
lectures have been extended to the Poles and Italians of
Lockport; they have also been delivered before Germans
and Austrians. The historical stereopticon slides number
four hundred and are owned by the chapter; each year the
chapter appropriating three hundred dollars to defray the
expense of this work, the Regent is also Vice President of
the Niagara Frontier Landmarks Association.

The chapter has marked a number of historic sites along
the Niagara River. A tablet was erected at Lewiston on
the site of Scott's Battery. Another marks the site of
Fort Tompkins. And one marks the spot where the
Grififin was built. Another marks the place of the dwell-
ing of Mrs. St. John, the only house spared after the burn-
ing of Buffalo by the British. The next tablet identifies
the ground on Niagara Street, where the battle of Black
Rock was fought, August 3, 1814. Another marks the site
of the first school house erected in the village of Buffalo in
1807. During one year the Chapter contributed $1,482.92
to patriotic work. We give a picture of a scene from the
Colonial Ball given by the Buffalo Chapter, by which they
raised seven hundred dollars for Continental Hall.

The work of western New York must include the chap-
ters nestled among the green hills and bordering the fair
lakes of old Chautauqua. The Patterson Chapter of West-
field, the Benjamin Prescott of Fredonia, and the James-
town Chapter, are in patriotic touch with the Baron
Steuben of Bath. The Chemung of Elmira, Deo-On-Ge-
Wa of Batavia, Irondequoit of Rochester, Kanisteo di
Hornellsville, Olean of Olean, Owahgena of Cazenovia,
Tuscarora of Binghamton, Catherine Schuyler of Bel-

COLONIAL It.VLL, I'.UFFAI

Story of the Records 167

mont. The pages of the D. A. R. Reports to the Smith-
sonian Institution are teeming with work accomphshed by
these chapters. The marking of patriotic graves which
means research and study to place them, is greatly appre-
ciated by the Government in these reports. The giving of
funds for Memorial Continental Hall which has been gener-
ous, the fruit thereof which is now in sight ; the awarding
of medals to pupils in schools for essays on patriotic sub-
jects ; the gift of historical books to libraries, — all tell the
story of the patriotic zeal which governs the members of
these chapters.

For ten years the Mohawk Chapter has stood guard on
the eastern line of the State, and has strenuously worked
for the good of the whole Society. It has been honored
in having one of its number, Mrs. Daniel Manning, chosen
as President General. One of the most striking features
of their work was the Loan Exhibition, held in May 1892.
This was one of the best historical object lessons ever given
by the Daughters, and was the means of securing over two
hundred dollars as a nucleus for some feature of Continent-
al Hall. Their charter and its environments speak volumes
for their patriotism. A whole history is written in the
story of its frame ; which consists of thirty-five pieces of
wood, every piece a souvenir telling some historical story.

A brief word on the history of the situation in and around
New York will refresh the memory, and give reason for
the service that has marked history, by some of the New
York chapters.

After the battle of Long Island, Washington was on
Brooklyn Heights watching the movements of the foe.
Just before sunset, as he was looking eastward, a sweep
of wind like a friendly hand, lifted for a moment the flag
that lay over the British vessels within the narrows : that
one moment was supreme, it revealed to Washington the
boats filled with men passing from ship to ship, and all
the preparations for some great and combined movement.

The British fleet had been ordered to act in concert with

i68 Story of the Records

the land forces, and, after attacking the batteries on shore,
to pass up East River, and thus separate the American
Army in New York from that of Brooklyn ; but the "Stars
fought against Sisera," for a strong east wind surged all
day down the East River, holding back the ships as with
an unseen hand. Washington called a Council of War : the
decision was to retreat to New York. Again the Army
was protected by a fog. At eight o'clock the soldiers be-
gan their silent march toward the ferry at the foot of Ful-
ton Street; the troops embarked, and with muffled oars
passed silently over to the shore, by five o'clock, save the
artillery, all were safe in New York. Washington stood
on the Brooklyn side through the long night, watching de-
tachment after detachment disappear in the gloom and
darkness, with the last boat he crossed over the river.

The next day the British sailed up East River to Harlem,
and the men of war swept by the batteries on the Hudson.
The British effected a landing, and the American General
Putnam, who was guarding the upper part of the Island,
was ordered to fall back to Harlem Heights. Not a mo-
ment was to be lost, or a cordon would be stretched across
the Island and cut off all retreat — Washington's army would
be divided. Putnam galloped backward and forward en-
couraging his men, while every linement of his face showed
anxiety.

A Quaker lady, Mary Murray, had a home on Murray
Hill ; it was on the road Sir Henry Clinton and his staff
would take to reach his men. Putnam had sent her word to de-
lay Sir Henry by any strategy. She cordially invited the
British General to stop and partake of a glass of wine and
refreshment ; he and his staff gladly accepted the invitation.
By her courtesies she detained him until the negro servant,
whom she stationed on the top of the house to watch the
American Army, returned and gave the sign agreed upon
to indicate that the army had passed the point of danger.

When Clinton left the house, he saw, to his great mortifi-
cation, the American banners fluttering in the distance. As

Story of the Records 169

darkness came on the weary columns wound up the slope,
and were received with shouts and cheers by the whole
army. Washington did not conceal his delight at the
Quakeress' little strategy, which had saved Putnam's Army.

Could there be an historic spot which could bring out
the patriotic spirit with a clearer ring than Murray Hill?
The Knickerbocker Chapter, on November 25, 1903 —
evacuation day — unveiled a tablet placed upon a large
boulder, to the memory of Mrs. Mary Murray, on the site
of the historic Murray mansion, Park Avenue and 37th
Street. Here a most patriotic demonstration took place.
Addresses were made by Civic Authorities and Military
dignitaries, and with music, followed by a reception and
banquet at Murray Hill Hotel. Nothing could be more
fitting than that the patriotic women of New York should
commemorate the name and deed of this woman who did
such gallant service for Washington and his army, and
through them for her Country !

And now we come to one of the darkest pages of this
afTair, and we are glad of the perspective time has wrought
that lifts the dark blot from our Mother Country, England,
and places it on individual responsibility.

It is more than a hundred and twenty-five years since
the battle of Long Island was fought, when four thousand
prisoners fell into the hands of the British. The prisoners,
and to this number were added others until quite twenty
thousand there found their doom, and were consigned to the
notorious Cunningham, who, afterwards, in England, met
a criminal's death on the scaffold. The prisoners were
conveyed to transports, numbering eight, — the Whitby,
Falmouth, Hunter, Shambole, Scorpion, Prince of Wales,
Good Hope, and Old Jersey, or "Old Hell," as her prisoners
afterwards renamed her. She was a 64 gun ship in the
Regular British Navy. In April 1778, she was dismantled,
after she was disabled in an engagement with the French
Navy. She was anchored in Wallabout Bay, near the site
of the present Navy Yard. Her portholes were sealed,

170 Story of the Records

four apertures twenty inches square for the admission of
air was made in her sides, heavy iron bars so fastened over
these as to prevent escape ; and here between decks, eleven
thousand men were confined in so small a place that they were
forced to sleep with legs and arms over each other, and only
able to move by simultaneous action. The food was horrible,
and in stinted quantity. With insufficient clothing, no fire,
no light, no medical attendance ; suffering from untold
diseases, smallpox, measles, yellow fever, gangrene from
wounds, — no wonder eleven thousand perished in this "Hell
hole" ship, alone. The loss by death in these prison ships
is said to have equalled the list of killed on all the battle-
fields of the Revolution.

It is related that each morning the prisoners were brought
on deck and given a tantalizing glimpse of the green shores
and a taste of God's air and sunshine, then offered liberty,
if they would enlist under the British flag; but of all these
thousands, it is recorded, only one man yielded to the
temptation, and he was said to be a foreigner. Each morn-
ing also the dead were brought up, carried ashore, and
buried.

In a diary kept by one of the survivors, and now pre-
served in the Long Island Historical Society, are found
many touching incidents of endurance and suffering, such
as the world has never seen surpassed. In a letter left by
them, which must be prized as a sacred legacy to coming
generations, are found these words, "If you are victorious
and our Country emerges free and independent from the
contest in which she is now engaged, but the end of which
we are not permitted to see, bury us in our own soil, and
engrave our names on the monument you shall erect over
our bones as victims who willingly surrendered their lives,
as the price paid for your liberty, and our departed spirits
will never murmur or regret the sacrifice we made to obtain
for you the blessings you enjoy."

The account of their heroic sufferings reached England
and awakened deep sympathy; stirring debates were made

Story of the Records 171

in Parliament ; Washington sent protests, but the suffering
went on for seven years. And then for more than a century
their graves lay unmarked, until the encroachment of the
sea exposed their bones to an indifferent public. Efforts
were made spasmodically to Congress, but met with no
response.

Mr. Benjamin Ayerigg employed children to pick up the
bones, at a cent a pound, that he might give them burial.
He buried them in a ground subsequently sold for taxes,
but they were finally interred in their last resting place, —
Fort Green Park.

At the Fifth Continental Congress, Mrs. S. V. White, of
Brooklyn, appeared among the Daughters of the American
Revolution for the first time. She had a message to bring,
and like the "Message to Garcia," it stirred into action
every patriotic heart. Among her stirring words, she said,
after reciting the story of the Prison Ship sufferers, "And
yet they are the unremembered dead. Let us join our
forces with a Monument Committee now formed and there
shall be no such word as fail ; it will be done largely by
individual gifts. And where shall the monument be placed?
Where else than on that spot of ground wherein their bones
repose, the spot of verdure towards which their eyes turned
with longing during those weary years while they lan-
guished on the 'Prison Ship.' Be merciful, and to us
of to-day it seems a miraculous providence, the site of
General Green's old Fort, where General Putnam also held
headquarters, is left to us intact, undesecrated by either
street or building, a plot of more than forty acres set in
the midst of a populous city, by the sea, in near proximity
to the battlefield of Long Island, in sight of the scene of
their martyrdom, — is set apart by the hand of destiny and
kept for us sacred, although forgotten. We, like Martha,
have been cumbered with much serving! We older people
have busied ourselves with the world's work, and amused
ourselves with the world's pleasures ; while our children
have grown up and forgotten, and their children have come

172 Story of the Records

upon the scene, and the old story has been forgotten to
be told. More than five generations of allotted life have
passed, and still these ancestors of the War of the Revolu-
tion are counted among the unremembered dead."

Her earnest appeal was not in vain. A Committee was
appointed to work with Mrs. White; and every year she
has come up to the Congress and announced to the people
how the good work is progressing; but at the Congress of
1905, she had the proud satisfaction of announcing that
the amount of $200,000, for the Monument to the Prison
Martyrs was complete, and the Daughters were rejoiced
that their contributions, added to that from other sources,
had helped at least in crowning the superb efforts put forth
through the years by that patriot Daughter, Mrs. S. V.
White.

Much space has been given to the work of this chapter,
but we must note that the chapter placed a bronze tablet
in the Dutch Reformed Church in Flatbush, L. I., in memory
of the Revolutionary soldiers buried beneath the church;
and the last year a fund of five hundred dollars to Me-
morial Continental Hall was raised to be added to their
generous contributions of other years.

We again turn into the trail of history ; for reasons why
the "Daughters" of Central New York are so rich in patri-
otic achievement. No true Daughter of New York has to
be reminded that 128 years ago one of the decisive battles
of the war was fought, which created the Republic, — the
battle of Oriskany, which preceded Burgoyne's defeat at
Saratoga. We epitomize the true condition from the
graphic accounts given by the speakers, Rev. Isaac W.
Bigelow and Hon. Ellis H. Roberts, at the celebration of
the 128th anniversary of the battle. It was the third year
of the war. Two years had passed since the opening of the
conflict at Lexington, April 19, 1775. In June, came the
battle of Bunker Hill. The March following, Boston was
evacuated by the British.

A year gone and England had made no progress in at-

Story of the Records 1 73

taming her purpose. Then followed the Declaration of In-
dependence, July 4, 1776; then the battle of Long Island
and Brooklyn Heights ; the retreat into New Jersey, the
battles of Trenton and Princeton ; and the return of the
British to New York. And the second year closed with
no marked progress toward weakening the military powers
of the Colonies.

Burgoyne set forth with ten thousand men, having no
doubt but an easy victory was to be won. His army was
made up of troops of the regular British Army, Tories,
Canadians, Hessians, and Indians.

St. Leger was sent to make a grand sweep through the
Mohawk Valley, and to meet Burgoyne in Albany. Clinton
would ascend the Hudson from New York with another
division of his army; and thus enable Burgoyne to form a
line of fortification that would separate New England from
the other States, and then the two sections could be crushed,
one at a time.

The situation from the eloquent lips of Mr. Roberts was
given as follows : "St. Leger invested Fort Stanwix on Aug-
ust 3rd, on his way to sweep down the Mohawk Valley, and
on August 6th, on these fields, met the patriots who had
gathered with their brave chief, General Herkimer.
British regulars with Hessians and Indians were checked
by the embattled farmers. Burgoyne's right wing was
beaten back, and thus the victory of the young nation at
Saratoga was made possible. The guns of these Colonists
on these hills and in the valleys echoed in the Tuilleries,
and taught Louis XVI. that a giant had arisen in America.
The alliance of France followed as a direct result * * *
without the victory of Oriskany there could have been no
Saratoga, no Yorktown."

So it seems that an alibi can be proven against the state-
ment of Professor Goldwin Smith, in his "Outline of
Political History of the United States," — "That had it not
been for America's French allies she would not have gained
independence;" for we see America had no ally when this

174 Story of the Records

pivotal battle was fought, and that the American Army of
Provincials did win the day against the combined forces of
the British Army, with its allies of Canadians, Tories, In-
dians, and "Hessian Hell Hounds."

This brings us to Fort Stanwix Chapter: Rome, which
is noted for its good works. It will be remembered that
the Continental Congress adopted, June 14, 1777, the Stars
and Stripes as our National Flag. August 3 of that year
Colonel James Thatcher, an Army surgeon of Albany,
noted in his journal that recent newspapers were reporting
the action of Congress about the flag. And the flag was prob-
ably unfurled at Fort Stanwix in face of battle for the first
time, as 200 men of the Third New York Regiment were
hurrying up through Albany to relieve the Fort in view of a
threatened attack from British, Indians, and Tories under
Barry St. Leger and Joseph Brant. The siege of the place
began on August 3, and lasted until the 22. Colonel Marius
Willett, who was second in command, and who lived to an
advanced age, left a journal of his personal experiences,
which tells the interesting story of how this first flag was
made. — "The Fort had never been supplied with a flag.
The necessity of having one, upon the arrival of the enemy,
taxed the invention of the Garrison not a little, and a decent
one was soon contrived. The white stripes were cut out of
ammunition shirts, the blue out of a camlet cloak taken from
the enemy at Peekshill, and the red stripes were made
of different pieces of stufif procured from one and another
of the garrison. August 6, during the bloody battle of
Oriskany, Colonel Willett made a sortie, raided the British
camp, and carried oflf with his plunder five British flags.
The narrative founded on his journal states that upon his
return, the five flags taken from the enemy were hoisted
on the flag staflF under the Continental flag, when all the
troops of the garrison mounted the parapet and gave three
hearty cheers." Here in close proximity to old Fort Stan-
wix, which never surrendered, was the portage called by

Story of the Records 175

the Indians — De-o-wain-sta— or the "Carryinj^ Place."
This point being the only means of communication
between the Hudson and Mowhawk Rivers, and the Great
Lakes. A tablet marking this place has been given by Fort
Stanwix Chapter. The border is composed of arrows heads
and w^ampum, and the tablet shows an Indian alert as he
watches from behind a tree his canoe in the stream at his
feet. This charming work of art was designed and made
by Paul E. Caberet & Company, of New York, and is an
honor to the chapter that has dignified this historic spot
by so impressive a memorial, the place where Lafayette,
Governor Clinton, Baron Steuben, and great Indian Chiefs
met, to lend their aid in settlements of disputes, and in
treaty making, the chapter has identified the place with
this handsome tablet, not only for this generation, but for
all time.

It needs no comment on what the effects of these con-
flicts were upon the Revolution, but the point we would
make was well taken by one of New York's State Regents,
Mrs. J. V. G. Belden, — who asked why the report of our
first Secretary of State, General Knox, was repeated in
every history of the Independence for near a hundred years,
that the number of troops furnished by New York during
the Revolutionary War, was only 17,781.

When James A. Roberts of Buffalo was elected Comp-
troller in 1895, his first work was to arrange systematically
the great accumulation of War Records. Many muster
rolls were discovered, and as a result, New York stands to-
day second only to Massachusetts, with a roll of 43,675
Revolutionary Soldiers ; and this number is still to be aug-
mented, for lists of officers were found without their records
of enlisted men ; and the records of the third line, Mrs.
Belden says, are in the possession of the descendants of
Colonel Gansevoort. One of the ancestors of one of the
writers of these records was rescued from oblivion by the
unearthing of these lost documents.

In running over the names of many of these chapters

176 Story of the Records

in the Empire State, our enthusiasm over their splendid
work is damped somewhat; for we find ourselves in the
same position as Oliver Wolcott, in 1800, who, in writing
a letter home said, "We are going to the New Capitol to
the Indian place with the long name (unpronounceable) on
the Potomac," — meaning Conoeocheague. Would not a
hint be valuable, not only to New York, but to other States
to give a short sketch, telling why certain names for certain
chapters were chosen, and how pronounced !

Nevertheless, Kayendatsyona, Keskeskick, Mahwena-
wasigh, Onwentsia, Owahgena, Sa-Go-Ye-Wat-Ha, Swe-
katsi, Tioughnioga, will be forgiven for their good works,
sake. In patriotic endeavor they are a fine example to their
sister chapters, and then when we come to Adirondack, As-
tenrogen, Mohegan, Ondawa, Onwentsia, Owasco, Saranac,
Tuscarora, we are out of the woods enough to be able to
call them by name, not knowing, however, whether they are
Algonquins, or Iroquois, Cherokee, or Choctaw ! Perhaps
Indians' names were chosen because of a bit of irony of fate,
that the names should be attached to chapters that were
making record of history in the Free Republic, that the Indi-
ans tried to destroy ; for it is historically true that it was left
for British Generals alone, to enlist Indians in the great
battles of the Revolution.

In close proximity to these comes the Mary Washington
Colonial Chapter, of New York City, which has always kept
her shoulder to the wheel in helping to build Memorial Con-
tinental Hall. The chapter has erected a monument in
Holyrood Church, in memory of Margaret Corbin, the
heroine of Fort Washington ; and marked above all is
their effectual efifort and interest in preserving Frauncis
Tavern, A commendable feature of this chapter is to mark
some historic spot each year. On January 18, 1899, they
unveiled a handsome bronze tablet, placed on the approaches
of the Brooklyn Bridge, to mark the spot where stood the
first Presidential Mansion, at No. i Cherry Street. The
following inscription is upon the tablet :

Story of the Records 177

"The first

Presidential Mansion

No. I Cherry St.

Occupied by

George Washington

From April 23, 1789

To February 23, 1790

Erected by the Mary Washington Colonial Chapter

April 30, 1899."

On the Common of the City of New York, a Liberty Pole
was erected to commemorate the Repeal of the Stamp Act.
It was repeatedly destroyed by the Tories, and as often re-
placed by the Sons of Liberty, who organized a constant
watch and guard in its defense. The first martyr blood
antedating the American Revolution was shed here, on Janu-
ary 18, 1770. Another good work of this chapter is the
forming of a class for girls for instruction in City History.
A teacher is engaged who conducts weekly excursions to
noted historical spots.

Washington Heights Chapter passed a set of resolu-
tions calling upon the City authorities of New York to
purchase the Morris House or Jumel Mansion which was
occupied by Washington as headquarters from September
1 6th to October 21, 1776, afterwards visited by Washing-
ton and his Cabinet July I790- Accompanying these resolu-
tions was another addressed to the chapters of New York
City to unite in this work. Three chapters responded to
this call, — the Knickerbocker, Manhattan, and Mary Wash-
ington Colonial. These chapters united in an association
called the "General Committee, D. A. R. of the Borough of
Manhattan, New York City." A petition containing many
thousand names, and endorsed by numerous societies, was
adopted at a hearing before the Board of Estimate and
apportionment on May 29, 1903, at which the Daughters
were represented by Ex-Senator Charles L. Guy and by

178 Story of the Records

Mrs. Samuel J. Cramer, Regent of the Washington Heights
Chapter. The Board agreed to buy the place by unanimous
vote. The subsequent price was $235,000. A tablet has
been placed upon the house by the Washington Heights
Chapter. Mr. Josiah C. Pompelly was very active in his
assistance to the Daughters in this patriotic work. The
chapter yet hopes to have the custody of this historic home
in their care and keeping. If so, it would seem to be con-
fidence well placed by the City Fathers, inasmuch as it was
through the Daughters' initiative and successful effort that
the property was saved from demolition.

The Daughters of New York City and State have found
in their historical research an abundance of riches. The
country has yet to learn the extent of the magnificent work
being accomplished along these lines by the Daughters.

The chapters along the Hudson and through the central
part of the State are adding yearly valuable records. They
have not builded alone for self or State environment ; their
State Regents, their Vice Presidents, their Chapter Regents,
and delegates, have been active in the Congresses in telling
efforts for Continental Hall ; they have seen the ground
broken, the corner stone laid, the Hall dedicated, and its
Fourteenth Congress held under its roof, and they have been
participants in all its phases. Through the efficient ser-
vices of Mrs. Charles H. Terry, who was State Regent,
and secretary of Memorial Continental Hall Committee
throughout Mrs. Fairbanks' administration, and the faith-
ful services of Mrs. John Cunningham Hazen, as a member
of the National Board of Management, and Continental
Hall Committee — both being constant in their interest and
attendance at all business sessions — New York was well
represented, and sustained in all her undertakings.

The first chapter organized in the State, and the third
largest in the organization is the New York City Chapter.

We have elsewhere written of the work of this chapter in
the Spanish American War. In the early days this chapter
appropriated a sum of money known as the Mrs. Donald

Story of the Records 179

McLean Fund to endow a chair in American History in
Barnard College (which is the woman's side of the Uni-
versity of Columbia). Under this scholarship, an Ameri-
can girl, intellectually ambitious, is provided, without cost,
with four years full tuition, enjoying every advantage the
College can bestow.

After the election of Mrs. Donald McLean as President
of the Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution,
the members of the New York City Chapter, in apprecia-
tion of the honor that had come to their Regent, subscribed
the amount necessary to complete the fund of the Mrs.
Donald McLean Scholarship, in Barnard College.

A tablet to Martha Washington has been erected by the
Chapter on the walls of the old Huguenot Church in Charles-
ton, South Carolina, donating it through the Rebecca Mott
Chapter.

One thousand dollars has been expended in the purchase
of copies of the Declaration of Independence, which were
framed and presented to all the public schools of the greater
City of New York, including the five boroughs. One
thousand dollars besides has been expended in New York
City for patriotic purposes.

From this chapter was chosen the Sixth President
General, which is an honor to any chapter, although Mary-
land could legitimately claim Mrs. McLean as a child of her
soil.

A marine on the British Flag Ship "Confiance," who had
seen service under Lord Nelson at Trafalgar, declared that
the Battle of Trafalgar was a "Flea-bite" compared with
the fearful conflict on Cumberland Bay, Lake Champlain ;
and yet years have passed and no memorial, by government
or citizens, distinguished this important battle, fought on sea
and land, until the Saranac Chapter placed a handsome
bronze tablet by permission of the Government on the Cus-
tom House bearing this inscription, — "To commemorate
McDonough's victory over the British Fleet under Downie
on Cumberland Bay, Lake Champlain, McComb's repulse

i8o Story of the Records

of the British land forces under Prevost, and in memory of
the sailors and soldiers of the United States, who gave
their lives for their country, in their engagements at Platts-
burg, September ii, 1814. Erected by the Saranac Chapter,
D. A. R., 1903."

The monuments and tablets erected by other chapters are
an honor to the Daughters of the Empire State. With its
fund of Revolutionary history, its noble dead, its historic
landmarks, the duties have been great, but evidently the
hearts have been willing ; for by their fruits we know them.

Notably among these is the work of the Onondaga Chap-
ter. With the help of the Syracuse Chapter of the Sons of
the Amicrican Revolution, it has erected a tablet in memory
of the soldiers and sailors who are buried in Onondaga
county. This very artistic tablet was designed and
executed by Mr. Isidore Konti, of New York City.
Its cost was eight hundred dollars, one half of
which was paid by each society. The expenses of the
unveiling ceremonies were three hundred dollars, which
were paid by the Onondaga Chapter in addition to the cost
of the tablet. The tablet was placed on the exterior of the
Government Building, and was unveiled with appropriate
ceremonies, June 17, 1902. It was presented by the Regent,
to Onondaga County, and accepted by the Chairman of the
Board of Supervisors. A roll of honor bearing the names
of those commemorated by the tablet was placed in the post
office.

QuASSAiCK CHAPTER,on Octobcr 18, 1901, placed a boulder
with bronze tablet on the site of the Brewster Forge in
Newburg, New York. It was at this Forge that the his-
toric chain was welded, which was stretched across the
Hudson River to prevent the British War Ships from pass-
ing above the Highlands. The Regent, in presenting the
tablet to Mrs. Samuel Verplanck, the efficient State Regent,
referred in a most interesting way to the many places of
historic interest in the vicinity; also to the welding black-

TABLET— SOLDIERS AND SAILOKS -ONONDAIJA.

Story of the Records iSi

smith, Samuel Brewster, a descendant from Elder William
Brewster of Plymouth.

The Melzingah Chapter, at Fishkill, has placed a
tablet to mark the pass protected by three batteries, in
1776 to 1783. The Kanesteo Chapter has erected a boulder
of glass rock and tablet of fine proportions to the patriots
of the American Revolution buried in the upper Kanesteo
Valley, and have placed a perpetual object lesson to cominpf
generations on the State Armory grounds of Hornellsville.
The names and service of these patriots have been patiently
verified by old records and diaries, and are of untold worth
to the historians of this county, who for the first time in its
annals have had this lost and forgotten data to work from.
Such is the work throughout the States that is being ad-
mirably accomplished by the Daughters of the American
Revolution. The Maw-We-Na-Wa-Sigh Chapter of
Poughkeepsie is preserving and caring for the Governor
George Clinton House, which is now their Chapter House.
A work of marked importance was the placing of a tablet
on the new Court House, in Poughkeepsie, to commemor-
ate the fact that the people of the State of New York in con-
vention assembled in a former Court House which stood
on this ground, ratified the Constitution of the United
States of America, July 26, 1788.

The Mohawk Valley heroes are to be honored by a
monument in the Fort Herkimer Cemetery, and to mark the
spot where once stood old Fort Herkimer, a boulder will be
placed where the Schell block house stood when the Schell
family defended this fort from Donald McDonald and sixty
Tories and Indians.

The Fort Herkimer Chapter assisted in raising a fund
for the erection of a monument to General Nicholas Her-
kimer and all the soldiers of Herkimer County, who died
to gain a country in 1776, and for those who died to save it
in 1861.

i82 Story of the Records

The Irondequoit Chapter's crowning work was the
placing, in the lot jointly owned by this chapter and the Sons
of the American Revolution, a boulder suitably inscribed
marking the spot where the remains of Boyden Parker,
with his devoted followers and some other Revolutionary
heroes were re-interred. For more than forty years these
martyrs laid in unhonored graves. This chapter has con-
tributed half of the amount required for the perpetual care
of the spot. A great incentive has been given to this patri-
otic work in this vicinity through the energetic efforts of
their faithful State Regent, Mrs. William S. Little.

The chapter in Addison, the Owentsia, needs no greater
test of its enthusiasm and patriotism than for the Daughters
to know that to provide funds for their work in restoring
the old Cemetery, and suitably marking the graves of
heroes, this chapter held a circus in October, igo2, which
netted three hundred dollars, and two games of base ball
played in August and September, which added another
hundred dollars to the Cemetery Fund. It is supposable
that the Daughters took the place of "Middle-men" in this
unique, but honorable enterprise.

The one hundredth anniversary of Olean was celebrated
October 6 and 7, 1904, by the Olean Chapter. In con-
nection a large boulder with a bronze tablet was unveiled.
It was erected in memory of Major Adams Hoops, a soldier
and founder of Olean, and to keep in remembrance the
patriots of the War for Independence who were buried in
Catteraugus County, New York. The names and record
of service of one hundred of these men, and the graves of
forty-six have been located.

The Saratoga Chapter has purchased three large
granite boulders, suitably inscribed and placed on the road
from Saratoga Springs to the Bemis Battle Ground, where
they serve as guides to the passing public.

Story of the Records 183

In the village of Courtland there is a triangular piece of
ground that has been sadly neglected. The Tioughnioga
Daughters with their clear ideas of local civics have ap-
propriated it and named it the "Daughters' Flatiron." A
suitable monument vi^ill be ready to dedicate on the Con-
tinental anniversary of the county organization, in 1908.

The Oneida Chapter, of Utica, has been noted for its
good work in many directions. Among the most notable was
the fine bronze tablet, designed and made by Tiffany, costing
$500, and raised by subscription. It was placed on the old
Savings Bank building on the corner of the street through
which our ally and friend, Marquis de Lafayette, dur-
ing the dark days of the Revolution, passed when he entered
the village of Utica, June 10, 1825, on his return visit
to this country. The work of the Chapter during the
Spanish-American War was of untold benefit to the suffer-
ing soldiers. It has given of its substance toward the res-
toration of the historic Pohick Church, Fairfax County,
Virginia ; and a noted feature of its work is the marking
of soldiers' graves. Uniting with the Sons, they have
marked and identified sixty-nine graves of the men who
conquered those peaceful valleys. "Amid the tangled
weeds, waving grass, and nodding daisies, the 'Daughters,'
with reverent steps planted the marker and the flag." This
service will the Daughters of Oneida Chapter continue until
there shall remain no unmarked hero's grave in Oneida
County. The commemoration of the great events that
swept over this State with monuments and tablets ; the
search for unmarked graves of soldiers, and the wonderful
success that has crowned each effort, in establishing these
men in the annals of history, with the awards of medals
given to the students of history, tell the story of the Daugh-
ter's work in the State of New York. If patriotism is
worth while, if a country is worth while, then this work
is worth while — "Lest we forget."

CHAPTER V.

EW JERSEY : Having traced Chapter histories
through the New England States we have
found them commemorating most of the stir-
ring events which took place in that region
during the first four years of the War of the
Revolution. But now that Washington was compelled to
retreat from New York into New Jersey and Pennsylvania,
much of its progress can be traced through these States
in the same way and in the South to which the scenes are
now transferred; and in which sections the final battles
were to be fought. It was in this State that Washington
made some of his most brilliant strategic movements.
For instance, the one which enabled him to out-general
Howe at Trenton, under cover of a misty and foggy night,
and thus to get possession of the place, and to win the
battles of Monmouth and Princeton, which had such heart-
ening efifect upon the discouraged troops. It was also in this
State and Pennsylvania that his greatest trials came upon
him and his troops, during the hard winter at Valley Forge,
and that he displayed the highest military genius in over-
coming or enduring the evils which beset him, but few will
deny, for he virtually outgeneraled both Howe and Corn-
wallis more than once. Some historians have attempted
to belittle Washington by comparing him with Wellington
and Napoleon, but one has only to compare the moral
character of the men, and it becomes an irresistible con-
clusion, that Washington was second to no General of
modern times, for it was he who led this forlorn hope of
America through the seven years of strife and hardship to
final victory.

The Battle of Monmouth would hardly now rank as more
than a skirmish, and yet it was here that Washington saved
General Charles Lee's army from rout and retreat, so that

MUNMOLTII MUM MENT.

Story of the Records 185

this little battle, if not won, is regarded as a pivotal point
in Revolutionary history. It is said that this is the only
engagement in which there were troops from all the
colonies, and at no time was Washington's army in New
Jersey over eleven thousand available men. One wonders
that so much could be accomplished pitted against trained
British soldiers, who had every want supplied, while Wash-
ington's army was weakened and on the point of distress
for the necessaries of life.

Monmouth Chapter of Red Bank has placed a bronze
tablet upon Tennent Church, which bears this inscription —
"1778, D. A. R. Insignia 1901. In grateful remembrance
of patriots who on Sabbath, June 28, 1778, gained the vic-
tory which was the turning point in the War for Independ-
ence. And to mark a memorable spot on the Battle Field
of Monmouth, this tablet is placed by Monmouth Chap-
ter, Daughters of the American Revolution, September 25,
1901."

While New Jersey is comparatively a small State in ter-
ritory her soil is sacred and steeped in the blood of patriots.
Trenton, Monmouth, Princeton, Morristown were crucial
stations in those stressful days, therefore, the "Daughters"
may well cherish with pride the part this Colony took in
shaping events. And thus it seems quite natural that one
of the first things for Chapters to do after organizing
should be to enter upon a selected course of historical
studies of the part she played in these stirring times.

The Chapter of Paulus Hook, under the splendid leader-
ship of the State Regent, Mrs. Althea Randolph Bedle,
early in its history devoted a series of regular meetings
to these studies, with great profit to themselves and the
guests invited to participate. Papers were prepared and
read by other chapters besides that of Jersey City. The
topics were, "The Political Situation at the Outbreak of the
Revolutionary War ;" "The Celebrated Boston Tea Party ;"

i86 Story of the Records

"Opening of the Campaign in New Jersey;" "Description
of Prominent Officers in the Revolutionary War in the
Jersey Line ;" "The Army at Morristown ;" "Progress of
War in New Jersey and Battle of Red Bank;" "The Battle
of Monmouth;" "The Story of Hannah Arnett, the Strat-
egist, and what other New Jersey Women did in the Revolu-
tion;" "The Hardships of the Second Winter at Morris-
town, and the Concluding Operations in New Jersey." No
more informing and profitable Chapter work could be sug-
gested.

Paulus Hook Chapter has devoted much energy to
erecting a monument in memory of the Battle of Paulus
Hook. This interest was shared by Col. John T. Toffy,
Ex-Governor George T. Wertz, Honorable Robert Huds-
peth and General James Rushing, who were able to present
the matter in such a manner to the State Legislature as to
secure a grant of $1,500, which was given to the Paulus Hook
Chapter by the State for the erection of the monument,
thus relieving the Chapter of its pecuniary anxieties. This
monument was unveiled in Jersey City with appropriate
patriotic ceremonies, November 24, 1903. This work came
about largely through the inspiration of Mrs. Bedle.

Jersey City Chapter has devoted much time to the
studies of both local and national historic themes. This is
the Chapter to which the State Regent belongs, and she not
only takes a great interest in its welfare, but in Chapters
throughout the State. Her means, leisure and inclinations
all being favorable to such efforts. Personally, Mrs. Bedle,
wife of the Ex-Governor, is very popular, both in home
Chapters and the National Board, of which she is a mem-
ber.

The General Mercer Chapter; of Trenton, recently
furnished a room in Colonial style, in the Old Barracks at
Trenton.

7—. -£:-C^ <- .

AIT.IS HOOK MdXr.MKN-

Story of the Records 187

General Frelinghuysen Chapter; of Sommerville, in-
stituted a "Patriotic Dollar Fund" for contribution to the
Continental Hall Fund, Washington, D. C. This chapter
has instituted another popular feature, an annual outing
excursion to historic points. One was to the Old State
House at Bound Brook, where Madam La Turrette did the
honors with old-time hospitality, and another took them to
Mellick's home in Plainfield. In June of this same year
the annual meeting of the Revolutionary Memorial Society
was held at Wallace House, and entertainment was pro-
vided by the Frelinghuysen Chapter, and was a great suc-
cess, as the day was fine and the attendance large. And
thus a tidy little sum of money was raised for Wallace
House Fund. Soon after this a beautiful rug was placed
in this interesting old mansion's dining room, the work of
the Revolutionary Memorial Society, many of whose mem-
bers belong to both organizations. Frelinghuysen is an
honored name in New Jersey, dating back for five or six
generations.

Essex Chapter of The Oranges, has taken up collecting
old furniture and china of the Revolutionary period, a sub-
ject that appeals to the warm interest of the chapter mem-
bers, that "fad" being peculiarly womanish. This chapter
has also made a picnic excursion to the old Presbyterian
Church at Springfield, New Jersey, immortalized by fight-
ing parson Caldwell.

Continental Chapter ; of Plainfield, is working to place
a memorial at "Washington's Rock."

One of the most notable State Chapters is that of
Captain Jonathan Oliphant, which has devoted much
of its energies to improving the "Old Barracks," and has
placed many valuable and interesting historic objects there-
in, including old mahogany furniture, china, pictures of
historic events, made at the time, such as Washington de-

i88 Story of the Records

livering his first inaugural address on the balcony of the
City Hall, New York, as first President of the United States.
The design is to make the Old Barracks of Trenton not
only a monument, but a State Museum for the study of
colonial history.

The purchase, restoration and presentation of Trenton
Barracks is more largely due to the indefatigable and un-
ceasing energy by the Regent of Captain Jonathan Oliphant
Chapter, (Mrs. S. Duncan Oliphant) than to any one else,
tho' much hard and praiseworthy work has been done by
other regents, and many generous contributions made not
only from other chapters but other patriotic societies, and
citizens, and it is an achievement of which New Jersey is
justly proud.

Captain Jonathan Oliphant Chapter; of Trenton,
was named for Jonathan Oliphant, who was born in 1739,
in the old homestead at Oliphant's Mills, and who married
General Boudinot's sister. He also studied law, and at the
age of 20 years commenced to practice in Elizabethtown.
He was the oldest son of Judge David Oliphant and grand-
son of Duncan Oliphant, an extensive land proprietor of
New Jersey. Five generations were born in this home-
stead.

Being in the militia service, he, with others, took the fol-
lowing oath — "I do sincerely profess and swear I do not
hold myself bound by allegiance to the King of Great
Britain, so help me God ! I do sincerely profess and swear
that I do and will bear true faith and allegiance to the
Government established in this State and the authority of
the people, so help me God !" He took his company, com-
posed of neighbors and tenants, to the defense, spending
his fortune in equipping and maintaining them while in
liis service.

The wife of this brave man, Mrs. Jonathan Oliphant,
was no less brave and courageous, as she was left at home
with her little son, ten years old, the only male attendant.

Story of the Records 189

She with her serving women and the wives of the tenants
kept the mills thereon running day and night to provide
food for the women and children and every living thing
on the place in the absence of the master and men fighting
for life and liberty.

Some chapter, yet to be, of New Jersey would honor
itself by choosing this pioneer woman of the Revolutionary
period as its Patron Saint. Who can find her Christian
name and affix it, that her works may praise her, and
give her a personal identity?

Captain Jonathan Oliphant, broken in health and fortune,
was retired for disability. (September 9, 1777) The money
he had borrowed was demanded in gold, and at that
time the only money in general circulation was Continental
Money, and valueless. He was thus impoverished by the
very men for whose homes and families he had gone forth
to assist in defending.

"Trenton Barracks" are situated near the Delaware
River, in Trenton, on Front Street, built of stone, (1775)
and were first occupied by Scotch Highlanders, and at-
tracting geat attention by their Highland costumes, after-
wards by the German Yagers, by the hated Hessian's, and
finally by our own Continentals. For some years, it was
used for an "Old Ladies' Home," and was purchased No-
vember 3, 1902, for six thousand and some odd dollars, by
the "Old Barracks Fund Committee," and deeded to the
Barracks Association of Trenton.

BouDiNOT Chapter, of Elizabeth, has as its Patron Saint,
General Elias Boudinot, a man of distinguished character,
whose life was devoted to making history. His great-
grandfather, Elie Boudinot and his wife, Jeanne Baraud,
who fled from La Rochelle, France, immediately upon the
revocation of the Edict of Nantes, to England, and came
to this country early in the year 1687, where they founded
a family. General Boudinot was born in Philadelphia, 1740.
He studied law at Princeton with Richard Stockton, one

190 Story of the Records

of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence. And
was in the midst of a successful practice and laying the
foundations large for his subsequent patriotic and moral
eminence when the Mother Country began to cause the
Colonies to resist encroachments. Elizabethtown was at
this time the home of Hannah Arnett, William P. Smith,
William Livingston and other eminent citizens of the State
who took an active part in the stirring events of the time,
and through their influence it became the centre of the
patriotic movement throughout New Jersey.

General Boudinot was a Trustee of Princeton College,
a position he held over fifty years, early in 1775 he was
Chairman of The Committee of Safety, and was soon chosen
a member of the Provincial Congress, which took New
Jersey out of the control of Benjamin Franklin's son, then
the Tory Governor of the State, and by this body was sent
to Philadelphia to the Continental Congress to confer as
to what course it was best to take in New Jersey. During
the Revolutionary War he served on the Staflf of General
Washington, and was appointed by Congress Commissary
General of Prisoners.

When the Treaty of Peace with Great Britain was rati-
fied, (April 15, 1783) he had the honor of afiixing his
signature. Under the Constitution he further served his
country, in the First, Second, and Third Congresses.
Washington was called the Father of his Country, but
General Boudinot might be styled, "The Father of
the State of New Jersey."

From the Trustees of Yale College, he received the
honorary degree of L. L. D.

He was the first President of the American Bible Society
to which he gave an endowment of ten thousand dollars.

On the occasion of President Washington's inauguration
(1789) as the first President of the United States, as he
passed through Elizabethtown on his way to New York, he
was entertained at luncheon by General Boudinot. A tablet
commemorating this event has been placed. Surely no

Story of the Records 191

chapter could have a more inspiring Patron Saint than the
hero as above described.

Camp Middlebrook Chapter, of Bound Brook, has
marked some thirty Revolutionary soldiers' graves.

Trent Chapter, named for Chief Justice Trent, the
founder of Trenton, has a chapter pin bearing the crest of
the Trent family.

It was while Washington was in New Jersey that the
darkest hours of the Revolution were passed. His army,
discouraged by defeat and retreat from New York, the men
poorly clad, poorly fed, and not paid except in greatly de-
preciated currency, the winters passed in camps at Morris-
town and Valley Forge were truly seasons that tried his
soul. There was sickness in camp, and worst of all, "Nost-
algia," or homesickness. Many of the militia only having
enlisted for short terms, pined to be at home. Desertions
were frequent, and at one time a mutiny occurred, which
Washington did not try to discourage, but let the men
march away toward Philadelphia to "demand their rights"
of the Colonial Congress ! Meeting some British by the
way, who understood the situation, they were importuned
to desert from the "Cause," this aroused so much indigna-
tion, that when General Wayne came up with a detach-
ment, they joined his forces and captured the whole party.
It is pleasant to relate that this "strike" of militia men
produced a good efifect on Congress, for measures of relief
were soon after adopted.

Fortunately, about this time, Lafayette with his ships,
money and French troops arrived, and this gallant young
hero was at once given a place on Washington's stafif, where
he was honored and beloved as a son of the Chieftain. It was
this arrival of the French allies which largely turned the
tide and put new courage into loyal American hearts, and
nothing could stay the progress to the finish nov/.

The winter of 1778-79 was passed by the American Army

192 Story of the Records

at Middlebrook, New Jersey. They were neither paid nor
fed, and nothing but the sturdy patriotism of the camp
prevented a mutiny. So that the coming of Lafayette
could not have been at a more opportune moment.

It is not possible to write of New Jersey Chapter work
without blending with it the story of the Revolution. Each
Chapter is named for either a battle, as Paulus Hook,
Trenton, Princeton, Monmouth, Morristown, etc., or some
prominent person identified with the War, as Boudinot,
Oliphant and others.

The progress of events often carried Washington's
greatly tried army over into Pennsylvania, where the
Battles of Brandywine and Germantown were fought, and
where two dreary winters were passed at Valley Forge ;
where all the severest experiences of army life seemd to
culminate. So we pass on to Pennsylvania.
* * * *

PENNSYLVANIA: New Jersey and Pennsylvania were
linked together in the Revolutionary War as closely as the
Siamese Twins. In the beginning of the campaign in these
States Howe's naval forces were in the Delaware, and
Benedict Arnold, part of the time, in command in Phila-
delphia, where he married into a Tory family, and, probably,
was brought under the influences which finally led him to
betray his country, though one of the bravest American
officers during the earlier years of the struggle. Wash-
ington's army spent the winter at Valley Forge, where un-
told hardships were endured by the soldiers. The Battle
of Brandywine was fought before going into winter quar-
ters, and it was in this engagement that Lafayette was
wounded. On the day after the battle, Washington, un-
dismayed by defeat, continued his retreat to Philadelphia.
Twenty miles below Philadelphia he met Howe at Warren's
Tavern. For awhile both armies manceouvred for positions
like pawns on a chess-board, then a spirited skirmish en-
sued, and a great battle was thought to be iminent. But,
as often happens, either Providence or the elements took a

Story of the Records 193

hand in the affair when a violent storm of wind and rain
swept the field. The combatants were deluged, their am-
munition soaked, and fighting made impossible. On the
next day Howe marched down the Schuykill. Washing-
ton recrossed the river and confronted the foe. Howe
wheeled and made up stream towards Reading. Washing-
ton, fearing for his stores, pressed forward to Pottstown,
but the movements of the British proved to be only a
feint ; again Howe wheeled, and marched rapidly to Norris-
town Ford, crossed the river, and hastened to Philadelphia,
which place he entered the next day without opposition,
and the main British army encamped at Germantown.

After the Battle of Germantown, Washington took up
his headquarters twelve miles from Philadelphia, at White-
marsh. Winter was at hand, and the patriots were suffer-
ing for food and clothing. Howe, knowing the distressed
conditions of the Americans, determined to surprise their
camp. On the evening of the 2d of December he held a
council of war, and it was decided to march against Wash-
ington on the following night, but Lydia Darrah, at whose
house the council was held, overheard the plans of the
enemies of her country. On the following morning she
obtained a passport from Lord Howe, on the pretence of
going to mill, and rode rapidly to the American lines, and
sent the information to Washington. When on the morning
of the fourth the British approached Whitemarsh, and Howe
found Washington ready for him, his cannon mounted and
the soldiers drawn up in line of battle. The British man-
oeuvred for four days without success, and then marched
back to Philadelphia, outgeneraled by a woman ! And
all that winter the twenty thousand British and
Hessian soldiers occupied the "Quaker City," and tradition
says, they led a gay life, for the supplies of the British
had been abundant. What a different state of affairs ex-
isted in the camp of the patriots. When the American
Army went into winter quarters at Valley Forge they
left bloody footprints on the frozen and snowy ground, and

13

194 Story of the Records

they were suffering for food, clothing and with homesick-
ness. There was moaning and anguish in the camp which
wrung Washington's heart with sympathy. Congress had
in a measure abandoned him, and many public men with-
held their sympathies, and thus he was unsupported in this
crucial hour. It is said that Washington's private table at
this time was scantily supplied, and that for desert he and
his staff used the wild nuts of the forest. Even Samuel
Adams, who first blew the blast for freedom's cause in
Massachusetts, Washington's one time friend and sym-
pathizer, withdrew his confidence. Then there was a con-
spiracy, headed by Gates, Conway and Mifflin to supercede
the Commander-in-Chief, and to put either Gates or Lee
in his place. These were the usual incidents that attended
on greatness when its sun is undergoing an eclipse, sent,
no doubt, by Providence, to try the souls of men and see
if they are the genuine stuff of which Heroes are made.
Washington was still and steady, and made no sign, and
soon this apparent alienation passed away and was for-
gotten, and from that time until the end, his fame
grew brighter and brighter, until it outshone all
others. Congress awoke to its duty, but it was this in-
cident united to the strange "mutiny" which broke out
among the soldiers that made or brought about a struggle
for the location of the Federal Capitol, and finally resulted
in making Hamilton resolve that the seat of Government
should be an independent site, free from the dictation of
any State. This is one of the illustrations that small events
often by strange and devious ways lead to ends not foreseen
but by those who instigate them. There is a Providence
doeth shape the course of events — even of history.

Pennsylvania has contributed many Chapters to the So-
ciety of the Daughters of the American Revolution, and
she still has rich stores of historic incident to draw upon.

Most of the Pennsylvania Chapters united for two ob-
jects of special interest in their own State, namely, the
building of a monument to the soldiers of the Battle of

Story of the Records 195

Brandywine, in Lancaster County, and to the memorial to
Mrs. Julia K. (Nathaniel B.) Hogg, their first State Regent.
Of the latter the idea was to establish an historic Prize
Fund, the income of which is to be awarded to a student
of one of the women's colleges of Pennsylvania, for excel-
lence in historical scholarship. The conditions are correct-
ness in historic statement, and purity of diction.

Bellefont Chapter ; of Bellefont, through the perse-
verance of Mrs. Sarah Burnside Valentine, a member of
the chapter, has obtained over 70 names of Revolutionary
soldiers, whose bodies lie in Centre County, and marked
their graves. As new names are added a "marker" will
identify every one.

Berks County Chapter is noted for its good work.

Chester County Chapter ; of West Chester, has fur-
nished a room in the historic Mansion at Valley Forge,
General Washington's headquarters.

They have a roll of honor list of old Revolutionary
soldiers buried in Brandywine Manor churchyard (Presby-
terian).

In this churchyard lie the remains of Colonel Thomas
Bull, who died July 13, 1873, aged 93, he was for a time
confined in the Jersey prisonship. He was a member of
the Convention which framed the State Constitution in
1790. He represented Chester County for many years in
the State Legislature.

Colonel Crawford Chapter; of Meadville, has erected
a memorial to General David Mead.

Delaware Chapter ; of Media, put a tablet in the Wash-
ington House. Chester, inscribed, "Where Washington wrote
at midnight the only report of the Battle of Brandywine,
Sept. II, 1777."

Donegall Chapter; of Lancaster, has started a library,

196 Story of the Records

and has adopted a fine book-plate, which is quite appropri-
ate in design.

Liberty Bell Chapter ; of Allentown, has a library
which bids fair to become the historical library of Lehigh,
and it has also adopted the same book-plate design as Done-
gal Chapter, with the exception of the Chapter name be-
low. The design is of a woman in colonial cap and short-
waisted dress seated at the window, beside the spinning
wheel, which overlooks a farmhouse scene.

The Philadelphia Chapter, has over three hundred
members. One member is on record for organizing a re-
lief corps of her own, and personally distributing supplies
in camp and hospital before the larger work for the relief
of the soldiers in the Spanish-American War was begun
by the National Society.

Valley Forge Chapter ; though a small one, lives up to
her traditions. It contributed for the suffering Cubans,
for Mount Vernon Chapters' project — refurnishing Pohick
Church — and for the purchase of Meadow Garden Farm.
It gives an annual prize to the High School for best his-
torical essays, and looked after soldiers' families in the
Spanish-American War.

Wyoming Valley Chapter; of Wilkesbarre, has en-
closed with a steel fence "Queen Esther's Rock," famous in
the tragic history of Wyoming massacre.

Philadelphia has six Chapters — "Declaration of Inde-
pendence," "Flag House," "Independence Hall," "Phila-
delphia," "Quaker City," "Merion" of West Phila-
delphia, which have all done noble work in the Spanish-
American War, as did so many Chapters of the State,
which will be noticed in detail elsewhere ; and Pennsyl-
vania Chapters have kept always at the head of subscribers

Story of the Records 197

to the Colonial Hall Building Fund at Washington, D. C,
and some of the best work on the National Executive
Board has had the benefit of the services of Pennsylvania's
efficient State Regent, Mrs. Julia K. Hogg.

Quaker City Chapter, of Philadelphia, has presented
to the General Muhlenburg Society, Children of the Ameri-
can Revolution, a framed charter of the Society, together
with a photograph for each child of the old church of the
Trappe, one of the few Revolutionary churches now left.
It is known as the "Augustus Lutheran Church," and the
corner-stone was laid May second, 1743. It was founded by
Rev. Henry Muhlenburg, father of General Peter Muhlen-
burg, the "fighting parson," for whom the Childrens' so-
ciety is named. Both of these distinguished men's bodies
lie in the little graveyard behind the church. During the
Revolution this church was repeatedly used, through the
cold weather, as quarters for the American soldiers.

Philadelphia is inexhaustible in its objects of historic in-
terest. Carpenters Hall — hidden way back in a little blind
alley or street where the Colonial Congresses first sessions
were held, and Independence Hall, where the Federal Con-
gresses were convened and where the Declaration of In-
dependence was signed and the glad tidings rung out on
the old Liberty Bell, which has since made so many journeys
to great Expositions, just to be seen by the youngest des-
cendants of the patriots. The old historic Society, its build-
ing, organized by Benjamin Franklin and others; the old
graveyard, where one catches a glimpse of the simple
stones that mark the graves of that great man and his wife.
One feels in that city as though he were indeed treading
on Holy Ground.

Philadelphia, established by that apostle of peace —
William Penn, was during the Revolution several times
not only the seat of Government, but of war. And this city
produced the greatest of the Revolutionary diplomats,
Benjamin Franklin, whose complaisant tact, united to firm-

iqS Story of the Records

ness, accomplished more than John Adams, Jefferson, and
Arthur Lee. Franklin outclassed all our envoys to Europe,
and, finally, gathered up the tangled thread and wove
them into a strand, that held firmly to the last.

Pittsburg Chapter, of Pittsburg, has done much good
work in protecting the redoubt of Fort Pitt Block House.
During the session of the State Legislature ( 1-8%) , when a / ? '^
bill which was presented, and if passed, would have "given
railroad corporations in the State power of eminent domain
over any and all kinds of property for any corporate pur-
pose," the Pittsburg Chapter petitioned to have the bill
amended, "whereby sites and buildings of the Colonial and
Revolutionary period preserved for their historic interest
within the State should be excepted." The Bill passed both
the House and the Senate without the amendment, but it
was vetoed by the Governor in order to protect the "Ameri-
can Home" from condemnation proceedings.

Presque Isle Chapter, of Erie, on November 6th, dedi-
cated a memorial in one of the City parks in memory of
General Anthony Wayne — who died in the Block House in
Erie, December 15, 1786. The Regent of the Chapter
unveiled the Monument and presented it to the City, and
it was received by the Hon. William Hardwick, Mayor of
the City.

Graves of Revolutionary soldiers buried at Erie are
Colonel Seth Reed, born in Uxburg, Mass. ; Basil Hoskin-
son, a soldier born in Virginia; Captain Daniel Lee, of
Massachusetts, where he served as Lieutenant and Regi-
mental Quartermaster; also as Brigade Major, and finally,
Captain of the Third Massachusetts Militia ; Andrew
Coughey, and Hubbard B. Burrows, in State Militia of
Seventeenth Pennsylvania troops ; Thomas Foster, who en-
listed at the age of fourteen in the Continental Army as a
private, and Hon. William Bell, who was with the first
company that left Harrisburg during the Revolutionary

BLOCK HOUSE— FORT IITT. I'lTTSI'.URG.

Story of the Records 199

War. He was a prisoner in Canada, and one of the un-
fortunates to be confined on a prison ship. These graves
all show how the soldiers, after the war, went away from
their homes to grow up with the new country, or "The
West," as Ohio was then known as the "Great West."

TuNKH.^NNOCK CHAPTER, of Tunkhannock, found the
names on burial places of twenty Revolutionary soldiers
who are buried in Wyoming County, and had their names
inscribed on tablets and set in the walls of the corridor of
Tunkhannock Court House.

The Phcebe Bayard Chapter, of Greensburg, has
placed an inscription to the memory of Phoebe Bayard, wife
of St. Clair, the Patron Saint of the Chapter, who died
eighteen days after her husband, General St. Clair, and lies
buried by his side.

The earthly remains of Major-General Arthur St. Clair
are deposited beneath an imposing monument erected by
the Masons, and as one panel was vacant, the Chapter re-
solved to have his wife's name inscribed thereon.

Several Chapters in the State are to, or have contributed
to furnishing Washington's Headquarters at Valley Forge,
since that historic spot has come into the possession of the
Sons of the American Revolution. Chester County
Chapter furnished one of the bedrooms with furniture
of the Colonial Period.

The George Clymer Chapter, of Towanda, contributed
to the American Flag House in Philadelphia, and Khe
"Betsey Ross Memorial Association." It was to honor
Betsey Ross, who. with her skillful hands, made the first
official American Colonial flag bearing the stars and stripes.

Miss Pearson, of the Harrisburg Chapter, of Harris-
burg, has written or compiled a valuable work, a "History
of Dauphin and Lebanon Counties and Biographical En-
cyclopedia of Dauphin County." The Chapter is inter-

200 Story of the Records

ested in the "Appalachian National Park" bill, and ob-
tained the promise of their Congressmen to support it.

But these facts cannot be written in full, nor a detailed
account given of all the good work Pennsylvania D. A. R.
Chapters have done, any more than in any other State.
Possibly some Chapters not mentioned deserve the
meed of "Well done," as much as those which are noted in
this recital of patriotic endeavor.

* * * *

DELAWARE: Elizabeth Cook Chapter, of Smyrna,
sent a maple sapling for the Sequoia's arch in California
when all the Colonial States were contributing a tree.

C^SAR Rodney Chapter, of Wilmington, cultivates a
taste for history among the younger generation by offering
prizes to scholars of the High School for best essay on
American history.

Colonel Haslet Chapter; of Dover, was very active
during the Spanish-American War, being so near camps of
returning soldiers. The Chapters of the State worked as
one body under the title of "War Relief Corps of Delaware."

The Chapters of the State at the close of the Spanish-
American War united in erecting a monument to Lieut.
Clarke E. Churchman, son of the State Regent, Mrs.
Elizabeth Clarke E. Churchman, who lost his life in the
Government service, as an expression of their good appreci-
ation and sympathy with his honored mother.

Elizabeth Cook Chapter holds its meetings on the tenth
of each month in commemoration of the birthday of
Elizabeth Cook, for whom the chapter is named.

Colonel Haslet Chapter, and The John Pettigrew
Chapter, have each been zealous in good works during the
Spanish-American War, which thing can also be said of all
the other chapters of the State.

Story of the Records 201

Cooch's Bridge Chapter, was organized on Flag Day
to commemorate the fact that at Cooch's Bridge, Delaware,
was first unfurled the regulation American flag in the
Revolutionary War. It was thought to be appropriate that
such an important thing as flinging the stars and stripes
to the breeze should be not only celebrated but perpetuated
through chapter history.

MARYLAND : From the days of the "Old Maryland Line"
and beyond, "Maryland, my Maryland," has stood on the
Honor Roll for liberty and a free country. From that
eventful day, 1774, which has forever signalized the un-
changeful devotion of their ancestors to principles which
was their inheritance as Englishmen, and their proud pos-
session as colonists, under a Charter whose corner-stone
was Civil and Religious liberty, they have stood side by
side with their sister colonists in resistance to taxation
without representation. On that autumn the sons of Mary-
land in Annapolis and Ann Arundel County, consigned the
cargo of the Peggy Stuart, of the "detested plant," to the
consuming fire, compelling the owner to apply the torch.
By the burning of the Peggy Stuart, Boston cannot boast
of having the only "Tea Party." Little did these patriots
think in burning this ship, that it was decreed that the
flames which they had laid for her destruction would rise
as incense, and that Peggy Stuart be wafted to eternal
fame, and with it, for all time, the principles for which it
stood. To be sure there would be a "Peggy Stuart Chapter"
to keep these memories green, and to pluck and preserve
other laurels of the deeds of gallant heroes and patriotic
heroines, and place them in imperishable records.

The Baltimore Chapter, so close to the waters where
floated the ship which carried Francis Scott Key to
Fort McHenry, where the radiant flag unfolded in the
morning breeze above the ramparts, and proclaimed the
victory won ; so near the spot where the burning thought

202 Story of the Records

that swelled a patriot's breast found utterance in imperish-
able song, that shall be the Nation's so long as the old flag
floats, — could we look for any other but strong, helpful,
patriotic women, who always stand for the right, and who
can always be depended upon by their presence and voice
in the councils of the Society, like their ancestors of old
to stand for principle.

What the Society has stood and worked for in the coun-
cils of the nation for years was, to prevent desecration of
the flag, this chapter has brought to pass in the legislature
of its own State. Good work for the "Daughters" of this
State, that gave to the Country the "Star Spangled Banner."

The Maryland Line Chapter is perfecting plans for a
memorial to the "Maryland Line," by Mrs. Leo
Knott, Regent, an object it has had in view since
its formation. By other chapters in due time honor
will be paid in the same direction. Knowledge is
coming daily to those delvers into history of the noble deeds
of patriotic men, and wherever a stroke was made for
liberty, those names will be honored. The Maryland Daugh-
ters have arranged to place a tablet in the Stock-House
to Col. Tentch Tilghman, who made the famous ride
from Yorktown to Philadelphia after the surrender of Corn-
wallis. Through the leadership of Mrs. Pembroke Thorn,
the State Regent, and Miss Elizabeth Chew Williams, Vice-
President General, fine work has been done for Continental
Hall.

The Frederick Chapter has carried out the wishes of its
first Regent, and Maryland's first State Regent, the late
Mrs. John Ritchie, by erecting a memorial to the twelve
Judges of the Frederick Court who pronounced the first
decision declaring the "Stamp Act" to be unconstitutional
and void. Mrs. Ritchie, in a paper read before this chap-
ter, November 1893, called, "Our first ofiicial resistance to
the British Stamp Act," gave the date when this Act took
place. The "Stamp Act," she writes, "was passed on the

Story of the Records 203

22 day of March, 1765. On November 19 of the
same year, the Frederick Court met in regular session.
The Act provided 'that all bills, bonds, leases, notes, ship's
papers, insurance policies, and all legal documents to be
valid in the Courts must be written on stamp paper.' "
"What an alternative ! either the hated stamps must be
used, or all the business of the county must come to a
stand-still. What a responsibility for these Judges ! but
they were equal to it, the Court met and consulted, and on
the fifth day an order was passed, 'It is the unanimous
opinion of this Court that all the business thereof shall
and ought to be transacted in the usual and accustomed
manner, without any inconvenience or delay, to be occa-
sioned from the want of stamped paper, parchment, or
vellum ; and that all proceedings shall be valid and
effectual without the use of stamps, and they enjoin an
order of all sheriffs, clerks, counselors, attorneys, and all
officers of the Court to proceed in their several advocation
as usual.' She writes further, 'We hear of these men
again in the long, troublous years that followed ; they were
active and prominent in the patriot's cause. Sons of
Liberty, Members of Committees, Members of Council, and
then in the fore front the little army that arrested from
the great and powerful Nation over the seas, the liberty
with which we are to-day blessed !' "

She then makes her appeal, "May it be the pious task,
as it is the duty of the Daughters of the American Revolu-
tion, to clear away the accumulation and the oblivion of
years, and to bring to light and honor the names and deeds
of those heroes who have been partially forgotten ; for when
that order was passed, the first blow for constitutional
liberty in this land was struck — and it was struck by the
Frederick County Judiciary."

This appeal was not made in vain ; the years have passed,
this Daughter has entered her inheritance into the summer-
land of peace ; but the chapter, true to its trust, has honored
these men, and fulfilled the admonition ; and in so doing,
has honored the name of Betty Harrison Malsby Ritchie.

CHAPTER VI.

ISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: Monday evening,
February 29th, 1892, the members of the So-
ciety of the D. A. R., resident in Washington,
in response to a call of the Recording Secre-
tary of the National Board of Management,
met in the Parlors of the Riggs House for the purpose of
forming a local chapter, there being at that time no chap-
ter in the District.

The following officers were duly elected : Regent, Mrs.
Elizabeth Blair Lee ; Vice Regent, Miss Sarah A. Lips-
comb ; Recording Secretary, Miss Janet E. H. Richards ;
Corresponding Secretary, Miss Ella Loraine Dorsey ;
Treasurer, Miss Virginia Miller; Registrar, Miss Violet
Blair Janin. The Chapter nanie selected being Mary
Washington, and from time to time, m the course of years,
other chapters have been formed, until now there are six-
teen in the District of Columbia, which ranks as a State.

The roll of membership now numbers over 220. Among
this membership are many illustrious names. There are de-
scendants of the Washingtons, the Balls, the Blairs, the
Livingstons, the Greens, the Hardings, the Bledsoes, and
the Lees, represented by Miss Virginia Miller, who has as
State Regent and Vice President been prominent through
the years in the District D. A. R. work ; the Henrys are
represented by that enthusiastic "Daughter," Mrs. Kate
Kearney Henry ; there are also the Franklins and the
McBlairs, Mrs. Emily Lee Sherwood Ragan, a descend-
ant of Thomas Lee of Woodbridge Manor, of Long Island,
is also a member of this chapter.

Mrs. Caroline Scott Harrison, the first President, v/as
an honored member of the chapter. Mrs. Elizabeth Blair
Lee is the daughter of Francis P. Blair. Mrs. Mary S.
Lockwood, one of the Founders of the Society, considers

S f 0 7' y of the Records 205

it an honor, inestimable, to be a member of the first chapter
in the District of Cohimbia, where this great organization
had its birth ; where it was put into swaddling clothes, and
taught to walk alone. She fully recognizes what the Dis-
trict has done in the work of forwarding this great move-
ment; and feels fully assured that some day, when the
years have passed that will give a true perspective, the
picture will have no false lights ; and the States afar off
will recognize the hard work, the unceasing energy, the
Daughters of the 16 chapters in Washington have freely
given all these years toward the upbuilding of this Society.

Recently an interesting event connected with Mary
Washington Chapter was the presentation of a portrait of
Mary S. Lockwood, by one of the Chapter members, who
is an artist, Miss Aline Solomons, to the Chapter, to be
donated by it to Continental Hall, to be placed in that
palace beautiful ; the first portrait of the kind yet pre-
sented. Very interesting impromptu exercises occurred at
the Chapter meeting (January, 1906), on the occasion of
the presentation, which was made on behalf of the artist
by Miss Janet Richards. Mrs. Henry, Chapter Vice-Re-
gent, presiding; Mrs. Mussey, Regent of District Chapters
and others made brief addresses. The cut used in this
book is a copy of Miss Solomon's portrait, and is regarded
as a speaking likeness. The presentation of this portrait
came as much of a surprise to ]\Irs. Lockwood as to others
present.

To be sure only a small minority can be Secretaries,
Historians, Registrars, Treasurers, or Librarians ; but a
host can be high privates who keep the wheels lubricated
and things moving. It is the high privates here and else-
where that help the chapters to acquire historical spots
and mark them with monuments of stone, or tablets of
bronze ; it is the high privates who find, by research, valu-
able historic papers and letters ; it is the high privates who
will hold sacred the name of every heroine of the Revolu-
tion, and see that her name is enrolled on the Roll of Honor ;

2o6 Story of the Records

it is the high privates who will see Memorial Continental
Hall finished, — a complete tribute to patriotic men and
women, — and who are bending every energy toward that
end.

This is what the "high privates" in the District of Col-
umbia are doing, — they are proving "that a handful of corn
planted in the top of the mountain can be made to shake
like Lebanon." The kernels of this handful of corn bear
significant names, — There is the Mary Washington Chapter,
the Martha Washington, Dolly Madison, Katherine Mont-
gom.ery, Lucy Holcomb, and Betty Franklin, — names
that are household words for patron saints ; then there is
the American, broad and true ; the Army and Navy, to
keep them in line ; Hail Columbia to keep them in cheer ;
Continental lest we forget ; Constitution to keep them
straight ; Manor House to shelter them while homeless ;
and Potomac — of course, "All's quiet along the Poto-
mac ;" for the Daughters hold the c ity by right ; in the
Thirteen Colonies ; and then the "Continental Dames" to
freshen memories of our grandmothers.

There are Captains of Industry in these chapters, and
they have chosen different channels and roads whereby to
reach the summit of their hopes, — Continental Hall ! Some
took the "Box" road — round trip ticket $3.65 ; — some went
by way of the "Dolls Bazaar," personally conducted by Miss
Julia McBlair, of the Mary Washington Chapter — scenic
scenery ; time limited ; — reported at end of route, bills all
paid : balance $802.00 for Continental Hall, and on a second
trip — by the dramatic route — Mary Washington scored an-
other $800 dollars net. Others took the "Calendar" route
and brought in goodly sums for the same purpose.

Had every daughter taken the Calendar route and become
a month or a week, or a day, or an hour, or a minute, or even
a second, at the respective price per ticket, — $300, $100, 50
cents, 10 or 05 cents, — the money would be in the bank for
the completion of Memorial Continental Hall.

The first State Conference held in the District was on

Story of the Records 207

November 30, 1901, in which every Chapter took a lively
interest. On January 17, 1892, the Daughters of the Dis-
trict gave their first Annual Tea in memory of Washington's
wedding day, in accordance with a resolution sent into the
Board by Miss Elizabeth Bryant Johnston, suggesting that
this observance should be an annual function with all the
chapters over the world. And thus it came,

While Polly put the kettle on
We all took tea — January 17, 1903.

In 1904, this anniversary was celebrated by a Colonial
Ball, in which $275 was cleared for Continental Hall.

The District Chapters accepted the honor suggested
at the Continental Congress of annually presenting
a gold medal to the best scholar in American
History, in the George Washington University; every chap-
ter joins in making a united fund for this object. And no
project is put forth by the National Society or the District,
where united work is demanded, that you do not find the
chapters standing shoulder to shoulder, without a drone
in the hive. Look at the Spanish War work that had its
beginning and ending in Washington ; look at the annual
Congresses — all the work of somebody — that all things
necessary be in readiness for that gathering. All this is
the work of the District chapter members serving on
Committees.

The social functions are a pleasure and a necessity to
bring the members of this great body into closer communi-
cation with each other ; but somebody must see to it, that
all things are made ready. It is the Daughters of the Dis-
trict that hold out the glad hand, and bid welcome to the
visiting members.

When they are not busy with the greater work of the
National Society, each chapter goes to work on its own
responsibility for furthering patriotic ends, and gathering
in money for the completion of the Library of the Con-
tinental Hall.

2o8 Story of the Records

A beautiful service was performed by the Dolly Madison
Chapter, May 12, 1903, by placing a bronze marker
at the grave of General James McCabbin Lingan, a soldier
of the War of the Revolution, who was killed by a mob
in Baltimore, August 28, 181 2. Some interesting incidents
were related during the ceremonies bearing upon the times
of General Lingan's service for his country during the
Revolution, and of his untimely death. The story of that
awful night of August 28, 1812, has been told so faithfully
by every historian that the repetition is unnecessary. It
will be enough to say, that when the war cloud began to
gather in 1812, party strife ran high. Alexander Contee
Hanson's paper, the Federal Republican, published in Balti-
more, was the exponent of the Federalists. The office was
destroyed by a mob, but Hanson stood firmly for a free
press, for a free people. He rented another building to
carry on his publication.

General Lingan and General Henry Lee — "Light Horse
Harry" — devoted Federalists and warm friends of the
Editor, determined to use their friendly offices to temper
the rashness of youth, and yet to do their duty if the
mob attacked.

When the mob burst into the jail where all these and
many other prominent men had been thrust, one man,
Mumma by name, led one faction, and stood with a club
and struck the men down as they came out, where they lay
in a heap for nearly three hours, during which time the
mob continued to torture their mangled bodies. Friends at
last rescued them, but General Lingan was dead.

Miss Ella Loraine Dorsey, at the ceremonies, made this
statement as it came to her from her mother's lips, who had
heard it from an eye witness, Thomas Reyburn ; who, being
pushed forward by the crowd, was within earshot of the
victims. He said, "When Lingan was driven to the door,
his appearance was hailed with cries of 'Tory! Traitor!*
he tore open his shirt bosom exclaiming, 'Look at these
scars, I got them fighting for your liberty, do they look as

Story of the Records 209

though I were a Tory or a traitor?' But the words had
hardly left his Hps when a blow from Mumma's club felled
him to the ground."

The mob refused to give up the body, but finally con-
sented on condition of an obscure burial.

When the funeral services were held September i, 1812,
in Washington, no building was found large enough to
hold the throngs, and Washington's tent was struck in
Parrott's woods — now Oak Hill Cemetery — where the
orator, John Park Custis, the Clergy, Lingan's comrades,
and others, made such reparation as love and justice could
make to his memory.

The liberty of the press, bought in 1776 by the blood of
thousands, was reassured by these men of 1812.

Miss Dorsey also repeated this incident : "The coach con-
veying Air. Webster to Washington broke down some fif-
teen miles north of Baltimore. He had a case before the
Supreme Court, and felt compelled to push on. He
hurried to the nearest tavern to get a private conveyance
to Baltimore. While his supper was being prepared, Mr.
Webster told his host of his haste and his reason for it.
The landlord objected to the darkness, the distance, and
the hour, but finally said he had found a man willing to go.
He proved to be Mumma, and Mr. Webster said it occurred
to him, as the man who had butchered General Lingan, he
might think it a patriotic service to butcher him, too ; but,
as he said, T felt young and strong, and thought no man
could easily put me under the wheel.' "

After a few miles, Mumma drew up the horse in a dark
grove, and said :

"Are you Daniel Webster?"

"That is my name," was the reply.

"Do you know who I am?"

"I do," said Webster, "you are John Mumma, the
butcher."

"You know me then, and you are not afraid to drive over
this road along with me in the night?"

14

2IO Story of the Records

"Not in the least," said Mr. Webster, "why should I
fear you?"

"I do not know, but I think there is not another Federalist
in the County who would say as much." He added he was
glad to free his mind about the Baltimore riots, he and
others, he said, had had no ill will to General Lingan,
General Lee, and the rest ; they were misled, they were told
out there in the Country that the Republic was to be be-
trayed to the enemy by traitors, and a nest of them had
a press in Baltimore, and were every week publishing
their treason to the world, and plotting the ruin of the
Nation.

"When they reached their journey's end, he would take
no pay for his service, said he was glad of a chance to ex-
plain the part he took to one of the injured party, and rode
off in the night."

The Army and Navy Chapter has been full of good
works. In addition to its contributions to the Continental
Hall Fund, and to other calls of local interest, this chapter
contributed to the relief of the families of those who
perished when the battle ship Maine went down in the
Havannah Harbor.

When war was declared, this chapter took as its special
duty the care of the families of soldiers and sailors of the
regular service. A Chapter Relief Society was organized,
and sewing meetings were held throughout the summer.
Contributions came from many quarters. More than thirty
families were assisted, living at different ports over the
country. This relief work seems to be one that cannot be
laid down, but must be kept up indefinitely; for this chap-
ter is still rendering assistance where needed.

The Mary Washington Chapter also took up the duty
of the hour and organized in the Distirct a War Committee
under the able Chairman, the late Mrs. Margaret Dickens,
whose tragic and lamentable death occurred by fire, July 7,

Story of the Records 211

1899, to conduct relief work among the families of the Dis-
trict volunteers gone to the front. All through the hot sum-
mer these women traveled the city streets and the dusty-
roads of the Camps ; sparing neither time, thought, or
money, in their efforts to assist the District Militia, and the
soldiers' families left destitute through the unexpected de-
lay in the payment of soldiers wages. Always careful
were these women to impress upon those enforced to ac-
cept help, that it "Was only a slight recognition of gratitude
to the American soldiers in our midst." The appeal of this
chapter for help was answered by a generous subscription
started through the "Evening Star," one of the local papers.
Merchants, marketmen, landlords, and other citizens, added
handsome sums, having confidence that these women would
put this money to the best and most economical use. The
Committee reported that they had fed 27 families — or 164
persons, — paid $100 per month in rent, clothed 100 indi-
viduals, sent 5 families into the country, and obtained work
for many more. This comes from the Society being so
thoroughly organized ; and, therefore, ready for emerg-
encies.

This Chapter also gives annually a gold medal for the
best paper on American History by the pupils of the High
School. Miss Elizabeth Bryant Johnston has for many
years been the able Chairman of this Committee.

The Martha Washington Chapter assisted in the
same laudable work of helping the needy families of
soldiers, by employing women to make up garments for
hospital use ; the money doing double duty, feeding the
hungry, in helping to clothe their own destitute soldiers
in the hospital.

This Chapter, after a complete reorganization during
1904, came up to the D. A. R. Congress with her $65.00 for
Continental Hall Fund ; and through its active Regent and
zealous members, the Chapter has already reached the num-
ber for an accredited delegate to the annual Congress.

212 Story of the Records

The Catherine Montgomery Chapter was organized by
Miss Desha, one of the Founders of the Society, and who
was an Assistant Director of the D. A. R. Hospital Corps.
They have a goodly sum put aside for a memorial in Con-
tinental Hall.

The Continental Chapter gave a liberal amount of
money to the Hospital War Fund ; and abundance of articles
for soldiers use, — bedding, delicacies, books, and papers
were carried to Camp Alger. The members also made,
gave, or begged, $150 in cash.

The Columbia Chapter also contributed freely to the
Hospital Corps. It did a great work through the individu-
als in visiting the Camps and providing for the sick soldiers
there. One member started and carried on for a long time
a lunch room, under the auspices of the W. C. T. U. Here
soldiers could stop and rest, get a good meal without charge ;
and with all the facilities of letter writing and reading-
Many a boy was saved from the dens of the city by this
timely forethought.

If the work of the Daughters of the American Revolu-
tion had done nothing more for the country than what they
accomplished during the Spanish War, the Society is there-
by fully made ready to answer for the reasons of its being;
and the "Daughters" of the District, as elsewhere, have
given liberally to Continental Hall.

The Manor House has put aside a goodly sum, and it is
drawing interest for a chosen memorial for Continental
Hall. This chapter is setting a good example — others may
well follow — by instituting a course of historical lectures
every winter, to which generous invitations are extended
to other Daughters.

The Continental Dames Chapter, the youngest and
smallest of the chapters has to its credit in the Treasury

Story of the Records 213

$100 for a memorial to Continental Hall. The Miriam
Danforth Chapter, from the returns of an illustrated lec-
ture by Dr. Anita McGee, on Japan, had a handsome sum
to turn into the Continental Hall Fund. The Elizabeth
Jackson Chapter is raising a fund, in order to erect a suit-
able memorial to Elizabeth Jackson, their patron saint.

Many have said the District of Columbia is too well re-
presented with her 16 chapters. They must bear in mind
that an even distribution of members, would leave no chap-
ter with less than fifty members — an average but few of the
States reach.

CHAPTER VIL

EFORE crossing the Potomac to enter
the inheritance of the Daughters of the
remaining "Old Thirteen," let us take a
cursory review of the ground work of
patriotism.

First, most emphatically do we assert that the service
of good women and men in the time of peace is far more
important in the long run than in war. Since the days
of the Revolution, nine tenths of our history has been made
in time of peace. It is not the enemy, who bear arms, that
can work the greatest injury; but it is the corrupt citizen,
the shirker of responsibility, the apathetic, well-to-do
citizen, who refuses to be actively patriotic. More's the
pity that we have not a standard of citizenship that measures
everybody by their works and patriotic deeds, and allows
them an enrollment in citizenship according to the sheaves,
gathered.

Show us the man or woman who is not inspired to do
their duty for our time, through admiration of their an-
cestors and their achievements for the time they lived, and
you have pointed out an unpatriotic citizen.

When this Society has marked all its historic spots, has.
erected monuments to the heroines and heroes of the
Revolution, marked the graves of the heroic dead, their
work will have just begun. As long as there is a country
over which the American flag floats, whose incorhing
foreign population does not know anything of our laws or
institutions ; so long as there are the young descendants of
heroic ancestors, the coming citizens of this country, who
must be taught the ground work of citizenship, there
will be work for the Society to do. That work
does not alone belong to the Daughters and Sons of
the thirteen Colonies. Wherever our civilization has.

Story of the Records 215

blazed its way, it has been by the sturdy hand and heart of
the descendants of those who helped to make them what
they are, and this Republic will look for them to do their
part in the great world of humanity, by helping to
make the country, nearest them, the best possible.

Listen to the words of Pericles in an oration over the
heroic dead, who had fallen while defending the liberty of
Greece, when he eloquently told them why men should do
honor to the memory of their dead. "It was not that they,
secure in their immortality, needed temple or column to
perpetuate their fame or reward their virtues, but because
through admiration of what is heroic, men rise to higher
levels."

"No wreath is given, no monument raised by a nation
to the memory of its illustrious dead, but it blossoms with
good for the living through all future time, — virtue is en-
couraged, patriotism kindled, and all that is noble in our
nature, inspired to action by this homage to the greatness
and goodness of our race."

This greatness and goodness is widespread in this Re-
public. The Mothers of the Republic were the helpmates
of heroes. When the war trumpet was sounded, like the
Spartan mothers, they sent forth their husbands and their
sons to battle, bidding them to return with their shields
upon them. Would we know of what metal our fore-
mothers were made, search the records and read the pages
of history.

* * * *

GEORGIA: Georgia was the 13th Colony to come into
Statehood. It has not been our purpose to tell the story
of the planting of the thirteen colonies, but to briefly
touch upon their fight for life and unity, and to give the
reasons for the being of the great Society of which we
write. We find the temptation too strong to not say a
word for that noble philanthropist, James Oglethorpe, as we
come over into Georgia. The people who laid the founda-
tion of our institutions in the New World were forced by

2i6 Story of the Records

principle to seek new homes. They all came from a common
impulse, and that was to escape from some sort of oppres-
sion. They left the Old World and crossed the untried
seas that they might be free. Sometimes the oppressor
was the State, sometimes the Church, sometimes Society.
These emigrants built new homes on the shores of New
England ; they entered dense forests ; they sailed up the
Hudson; found shelter from the storms in the protected
corners of the Chesapeake. They met hunger and priva-
tion and death on the banks of the James; they were buf-
feted by winds ; and on the shores of the Carolinas and
Georgia, found shelter in the estuaries of the great rivers.
In spite of all, homes were built, crops planted, — life went
on. It is the old story that has been repeated since the
tribes of Israel scattered in their line of march — the human
race in search of home and liberty.

James Oglethorpe was born in Oxford, England. He was
a high churchman, a soldier, a Member of Parliament, a
cavalier. He was a generous hearted man, benevolent and full
of sympathy. It is said that he was as far-sighted and brave
as John Smith, and as chivalrous as De Soto. He came to
the New World to find a home for the poor and down-
trodden, the imprisoned for debt; his appeal to George 11.
to plant a colony in America being granted.

In honor of the new King, the Province was called
Georgia. It was under his leadership the first Colony was
planted on the banks of the Savannah. He shared the dangers
and the hardships of his colony. They selected a site on
a bluff, on which now stands the City of Savannah. Here
on the first of February, 1733, the foundations were laid for
the oldest English town south of the Savannah River.
Broad Streets were laid out, a public square was reserved
in each quarter, a village of tents and board houses sprung
up amid the pine trees, — it was the new Capital of a new
commonwealth where men could not be imprisoned for
debt.

More's the pity that the Country's great philanthropist.

Story of flic Records 217

Robert Morris, who, by his money and generosity, saved
it in the time of peril, had not been under the protection of
Oglethorpe, the philanthropist, ere he languished in prison
at the hands of an ungrateful Republic, for money he owed !

The Indian Chief, Tomo-Chici, came from his cabin to
see his brother, Oglethorpe. The red man said to the white
man, "Here's a present for you." The present was a
buffalo robe, painted on the inside with the head and
feathers of an Eagle. "The feathers soft, mean love;
buffalo skin mean protection — love us, protect us," said
the Chieftain. Such a plea was not lost on Oglethorpe.
He was kind and loving; and his name and fame spread
abroad, and the Indians came from near and far to confer
with the sweet tempered white chief. As the years went
by, the colony thrived, and new additions came. Slavery
was positively forbidden ; this province was for the white
laborers, for whom it had been founded.

Among others, Oglethorpe brought back with him after
his visit to England, were three hundred Moravians —
among them John Wesley, the founder of Methodism, and his
brother, Charles, who came as secretary to Governor Ogle-
thorpe; and in 1738, the famous George Whitfield came.
It is said of Whitfield his daring nature proved a match
for all the troubles of the wilderness. He went the length
and breadth of the land preaching; thinking no more of
native land, he found a peaceful grave in New England.

After ten years service to the New Commonwealth Ogle-
thorpe returned to England crowned with blessings.

Twenty years after the granting of the charter, the
trustees made a formal surrender of their patent to the
king, and a royal government was established. Before
the Revolution, notwithstanding its many vicissitudes,
Georgia had become a prosperous and growing colony.

But the marching of troops back and forth over the State
and the occasional battles, put the State in dire distress.
For a time the whole of Georgia was prostrate before the
King's army. Relief came when General Pickens, at the

2i8 Story of the Records

head of Carolina Militia fell upon the British forces with
such energy that the whole army was annihilated ; and
western Georgia recovered what had been lost.

Then followed the siege of Savannah. Here the brave
Sergeant of Fort Moultrie fell to rise no more. While
this siege, that ended most disastrously to the American
Cause, was going on, the American arms were being made
famous on the ocean. On the 23rd of September, Paul
Jones fought his first naval battle, and won the day against
the British off the Coast of Scotland. So closed the year
1779. But the colonies were not yet free.

After that, the contest in North and South Carolina
ended in driving Cornwallis into Virginia.

How much to remember have these ''Daughters" of
Georgia ; how much to be thankful for ; how many lessons
to take to heart, and convey to the coming citizens of their
great commonwealth ! Briefly we have told the story of
their birthright to the Sisterhood of States ; and now note
what the Daughters are doing to preserve their inheritance.

Mrs. Robert Emery Park (Emily Hendre) State Re-
gent, in her able report for the Smithsonian records, said,
"That owing to the lapse of time and the ravages of war,
the archives of Georgia are in a fragmentary and dilapi-
dated condition, scattered and torn and crumbling to dust;
but before many years are over the efiforts of the Daughters
will have dragged these priceless records from their mouldy
hiding places, and it is hoped that they will be secured
from further harm by preservation in print." At the first
State Conference a Committee was appointed to make an
inventory of all records which had escaped obliteration.
This Committee consisted of Mrs. Wm. Lawson Peel (Lucy
Cook), of Atlanta; Mrs. Edward Karow (Anna Belle), of
Savannah; Mrs. T. M. Green (Metta Andrews), of Wash-
ington, Georgia. They found by research that much valu-
able historical material still remains amid the dust and cob-
webs of the Old Court House.

Mrs. Karow took special interest in having published

Story of the Records 2i()

the manuscripts in the possession of the Georgia Historical
Society of Savannah. Mrs. Peel resolved to reclaim from
oblivion the names of the Revolutionary soldiers in the
State archives, to whose neglected condition her stirring
words had previously called attention. Mrs. Green devoted
herself to the preservation of county records. Mrs. Park,
State Regent, had a bill presented before the Legislature,
asking for an appropriation for collecting, copying, and
preserving these old documents. To the energy and ser-
vice of these four Daughters may the foundation of what-
ever is accomplished he ascribed. It is well known by the
Daughters of all the States, especially in the South, where
so few Revolutionary records have been published, how
difficult it has been to prove the well known service of
Ancestors in the War. For instance, it was due to the
pressure brought upon the Massachusetts' authorities for
research of the records by the Daughters, which became
such an onerous task to the State Secretary, that first gave
the impetus for their publication. These State publications
have been going on since 1894, and yet are not completed.

An article which appeared in the American Monthly,
written by Mrs. Patrick H. Mell (Annie White), of Ala-
bama, attracted the attention of Mrs. Peel, and of Miss
Margaret Harvey of the Merion Chapter, Pennsylvania.
The Pension Office at Washington gave up its secrets, and
Miss Harvey made the list of Georgia's Revolutionary
soldiers. Two thousand names, finely illustrated, were
presented Joseph Habersham Chapter.

Meanwhile, under Mrs. Peel's direction, the records in
the office of the Secretary of State of Georgia were copied.
Between the two lists there is as complete a record of
Georgia's soldiers in the Revolution as can now be made ;
both lists in full, stamped with State Seal, are deposited
with the Secretary of State. It is hoped Georgia will
follow Massachusetts, and have them published with the
accompanying vouchers, as volume one of the archives of
the State. What better work could be done than has been
by the Georgia Daughters?

220 Story of the Records

The Savannah Chapter has undertaken the patriotic and
important work of printing the Revolutionary records in
custody of the Georgia Historical Society. A certain num-
ber of the Edition will be used in exchange with libraries
of other states. Much of the copying was done by Miss
Karow.

Patriotic education is the keystone of the state work.
Nearly every chapter in the state is awarding medals for
the best papers on American heroes, both men and women.
Last year the subject was Oglethorpe, the founder of
Georgia, and the medal awarded was a silver Loving Cup,
bearing the insignia of the Daughters of the American
Revolution on one side, and the Coat of Arms of the Uni-
versity on the other, which is nearly the Coat of Arms of
the State.

A stately shaft of Georgia marble has been erected by
the Elijah Clarke Chapter in a prominent square in
Athens, to their patron saint, Elijah Clarke, one of Georgia's
heroes. This little band of patriotic women within one
year raised $i,ooo, and have paid for the monument, be-
sides making contributions for Continental Hall and other
objects.

And now comes the ambition to erect a monument to
Georgia's intrepid heroine, Nancy Hart. The story of
Nancy Hart has been well recited by one of Georgia's
Daughters to emphasize the reason for memorializing her
name. We copy a part of the statement given by Mrs.
Julius L. Brown :

"Nancy Hart was a "Georgia Cracker," and lived in
what is now Elbert County, close to Broad River, into
which flows a creek called "The War Woman's Creek," in
honor of the deeds of the farmer's wife, whose home was at
its mouth.

"In the early days of this young State, Nancy Hart was
looking after her children, hoeing her patch, and by the
Avay of treat, going into the wilderness, gun on her

Story of the Records 221

shoulder, (she was a strapping woman, red haired, six
feet tall, and some say cross eyed), and bringing down
birds for dinner, sometimes a deer. She put antlers up for
a gun-rack ! — then for utility only. She would go on a
hunt for a bee tree ; and that would mean, patience, keen
sight, the tramp through the forest into the swamp with
its peril of snakes, and what Nancy called 'varmints,' and
certain danger to clothes. After she had caught a bee in
her cup while sucking the nectar from some sweet flower,
she would release the prisoner and watch its circumlocution
round and round her head, until at last it would strike out
and take 'a bee line' for the home tree in the forest. In-
tently would she eye the golden brown bee blazing the way
toward the honey. All this meant the breath of life to
Nancy Hart.

"Nancy spun and wove and hated the Tories, but she
loved the 'Liberty boys,' as she called the Whigs ! She
put up with her husband, but frankly declared him 'a poor
stick,' because he took no sides, held his tongue, plowed
his crop, and took to the swamp when Tories were around.

"She never saw a newspaper, hers was a man on horse-
back at her front bars, carrying a bag of corn to mill ;
through him she got echoes of what was going on outside.
She heard the negroes were kept busy throwing up earth
works at Savannah; heard what staunch patriots the Jews
were ; and that the Legislature was holding sessions on
Sunday. This section around Augusta was so rebellious,
the English called it the 'Hornet's Nest.' She heard how
the Tories cut the cloth out of the looms ; how they cruelly
ripped open that symbol of luxury, the feather bed, and
scattered the feathers, while the women wept, — but not so
Nancy Hart ; at hearing these things she said bad, bad
words, like a man.

"Her opinions were known, and the Tories delighted
in fretting her. Her house had but one room, cozy, with
its splint bottomed chairs, spinning wheel, and big gourd
to hold the eggs, a shelf piled high with home-spun spreads

222 Story of the Records

and quilts of time honored Irish chain, rising sun, and star
patterns ; but best of all a woman handy with the gun ; and
reputed pastmistress of the frying-pan. And such a doc-
tor ! everybody came to her ; and no child dare refuse from
that hand the dose of calomel or huge cup of peruvian bark.
One day the soap-gourd was empty ; the pot was set on the
coals, the room was full of fumes, the mother stirred, talk-
ing to her children, teaching them patriotism. Suddenly
up goes a little girlish hand, pointing to a crack in the
chimney. Sure enough some one was looking and listen-
ing ! The mother talked more loudly than ever, giving her
opinion about the Tories. Stirring, she watched, looked —
those eyes again ! As quick as thought a ladle full of
boiling soap was dashed into them. The shriek told how it
hurt. Out rushed Nancy and caught her prisoner. She
had what Huxley calls the 'Proper dose of fanatism' for
a revolutionary.

"As the months passed and the war went on, one day
Nancy looked down the road — company coming! — five
Tories from the Camp at Augusta. After murdering
Colonel Dooly on their raid, they concluded to call on their
old acquaintances, the Harts. They were sure of a tongue
lashing, but also a good dinner. Nancy received them with
a scowl. They said they had come to see whether she
had helped a rebel to get away from the King's men.

"The facts were that she saw a Whig coming on a horse,
she let down the bars, told him to fly through her front
and back door, and take to the swamp. When they came
hunting him she had muffled up her head, and asked why
they wanted to bother a poor, sick woman.

" 'Had she seen the man ?' 'Oh, yes !' pointing the
wrong way. Had they looked they would have seen the
horse's tracks. They wanted dinner, and the leader briefly
told her to cook one.

" 'Never feed traitors and King's men ; you have made
me unable to feed my own, everything gone but that one
old gobbler you see in the yard.' "

" 'Cook that, then,' he said, shooting it.

Story of the Records 223

"Nancy changed her tactics ; called ten year old Sukey
to fly around and help. Down by the big spring on a
stump lay a conch shell, used to give signals to Nancy's
'poorstick' in the swamp. Sukey was sent for water, and
secretly told to blow for 'Paw' to 'keep close.' "

"The warriors relaxed as they sniflfed the smoking hot
turkey and the tasty corn cake, and eyed the fresh honey and
jug of buttermilk. Their guns were peacefully stacked,
and they began to eat, too busy to talk — they forgot the
lady of the house.

"Again Sukey was sent to the spring and told to blow
the trumpet. Nancy quietly edged around until she stood
in front of the stacked muskets. She had quietly pushed
out the chinking in her log wall, and thrown out two
muskets before they noticed her. Goodby, good dinner!
Up they sprung! but Nancy's musket faced them, and they
knew she could shoot. One man rushed toward her, and
she shot him dead, just as Sukey, true chip of the old block,
came rushing in crying, 'Daddy and them will soon be here ;'
and Nancy brought down another; then planting herself
in the door, bade them 'deliver their carcasses to a Whig
woman.' When her husband and three other men wanted
to interfere, she said 'No, they surrender to me, and shoot-
ing is too good for them.' By her order they were hung
from a tree. — A rough story for Daughters of the Ameri-
can Revolution."

"This rough woman must have had redeeming traits.
Kindness she must have possessed, or she would not have
been the neighborhood doctor ; she must have had a good
mind, to care for political questions ; and nobility, to love
liberty. Her six children loved her. As she said, 'Drat
'em, when they get into trouble they always send for me.' "
Some one sums her up thus, 'She was a honey of a patriot,
but the devil of a wife.' "

It is related that when her (Nancy's) husband died, after
a suitable time she married a young man — they pulled up
stakes, and moved west to grow up with the Country I

224 Story of the Records

The Stephen Heard Chapter of Elberton, has located
the home of Nancy Hart, and the work before the State for
this year is the erecting a monument to this heroine. The
stone has already been presented to the State Regent.

The purchase of "Meadow Garden," Augusta, through
the active interest of the Georgia Daughters, and the ma-
terial help of the National Society, which was the home of
George Walton, one of the signers of the Declaration of
Independence, has given the Society a foothold in Georgia.
Under this roof have assembled many of the noted men
and women of the land. President George Washington
was George Walton's guest at Meadow Garden ; Marquis
de Lafayette was taken to Meadow Garden in 1824, be-
cause it had been the home of George Walton. The il-
lustrious Madam Octavia Walton De Vert was George
Walton's granddaughter, and was often a guest at this
house. History has been gathered from over its threshold ;
and the "Daughters" have made the records.

The Macon Chapter had a real daughter for Regent,
Mary Hammeral Washington. After her death the Chap-
ter decided to commemorate her valuable services by chang-
ing the name of the chapter to The Mary Hammeral Wash-
ington Chapter.

As we have previously noted, that she not only was pre-
sent at that important Conference of October 6 and 7,
1 891, but while she lived she was a firm supporter of
Memorial Continental Hall, and the organization. Since
her death, in loving remembrance, her son and daughter
have annually appropriated gifts to the hall fund

Wilkes County Chapter, of Washington, Georgia, has
purchased that part of the battle ground of Kettle Creek,
known as War Hill, where an engagement occurred Febru-
ary 14, 1779. It contains about 14 acres. The Americans
were commanded by General Pickens of South Carolina,
assisted by Elijah Clarke and John Dooly of Wilkes County.

Story of the Records 225

The British, under Colonel Boyd, were defeated ; Colonel
Boyd being killed on the field. This victory saved Georgia in
this crisis. Wilkes County has many valuable records,
which will be cared for, as one of the State Committee,
Mrs. T. M. Green, is Regent of the Chapter.

The Atlanta Chapter, the mother of chapters in the
State, can well be proud of the conscientious, thorough work
of her children ; as can well be the National Society in the
well doing of the Old Colonial State, — Georgia !
* * * *

SOUTH CAROLINA : One of the thinking "Daughters"
from South Carolina, Mrs. Malvina S. Waring, once wrote,
"That two opposing destinies have always been open to
women: one, to do as nearly nothing at all as is possible
under every existing circumstance ; the other, to do as
nearly everything worth doing as is compatible with human
limitations. Women choose for themselves, — and we as a
band of women have chosen ! we have elected to do some-
thing, and from the Great Lakes to the Great Gulf; from
the Atlantic to the Pacific, we are doing something. We
have begun to feel the thrill of strength in union, and the
sweetness of companionship cemented with a purpose — we
are entering into our kingdom to possess it. Heaven be
praised! Think of the strides we have already made!"

"Before the era of the Daughters of the American
Revolution, the women of the Country possessed of or-
nithological taste had to take up with a pet canary, a caged
mocking bird, a talking parrot, a long tailed peacock, or
'any other old bird' ; but now the European Eagle is as much
ours as anybody's — I am glad of it! * * * * How
nice it is to feel that we have a share in the Stars, as well
as the Stripes of the National Cosmos* ****!„
short, we are just the leaven needed in the land of the free
to keep from getting too free, and too far away from the
bearing of our glorious past. * * * * If we cannot,

15

226 Story of the Records

with all our patriotism, go into war; we always will be the
Household Troops and Life Guards."

Is this not what we might expect from a Daughter of
the land of Rebecca Mott and Emily Geiger? Let us re-
fresh the memory by briefly covering this ground, and the
days, and what was wrought by the sturdy yeomanry in
the chivalric times of 'y6.

Cornwallis was master of South Carolina, General Green
superceded General Gates at Charlotte, North Carolina.
On the 8th of September, the British reached Charlotte:
the Americans had retreated to Salisbury. It was after
the battle of Sandon Creek, when the Maryland Line and
the Delaware Continentals withstood the shock of battle
with such bravery, where the brave Baron De Kalb was
wounded eleven times, and fell in the agony of death.
Then came the battle of King's Mountain; when Georgia
and South Carolina were left in the hands of the British,
and North Carolina invaded.

Major Patrick Furgeson had been seni by Cornwallis
with 1,200 men to cross the western part of South Carolina,
and to proceed to Charlotte. He met a large force of
"Mountain men of Georgia and the Carolinas," who were as-
sembled to oppose his progress toward Cornwallis. They
met on King's Mountain, an eminence in South Carolina,
just across the line from King's Mountain Village, in North
Carolina. The Americans were under Colonel Campbell
and Shelby, in the center; Colonel's Savier and McDowell
on the right ; Colonels Cleavland and Williams on the left.
They moved simultaneously on the enemy. The battle
lasted over an hour. Furgeson fell at the head of his
regulars, dying, according to tradition, by the hand of
Colonel Williams, who also was slain. The Furgeson men
— 800 surrendered, 200 escaped, the other 240 having fallen.
The Americans lost 20 killed. Thus ended one of the most
decisive battles of the Revolution.

Green's army was but the shadow of an army; but with
great energy he reorganized his forces, and divided them

Story of tJic Records 227

into the eastern and western division. The command of
the latter was given to the great General Morgan. Corn-
wallis despatched Colonel Tarleton with his famous cavalry
to destroy Morgan's forces, or drive him out of the State.
The Americans took a favorable position at Cowpens, in
Spartanburg County, South Carolina, in an open wood
known as Hannah's Cowpens ; being a part of a grazing
establishment belonging to a man named Hannah. On the
17th of January the attack was begun by Tarleton, and the
British line was broken and put to flight. Lieutenant
Colonel Washington and Tarleton had a personal encounter
on the field, and the latter fell with a sword slash in the
hand. His corps was annihilated. Ten British officers
were killed. Artillery, muskets, and flags were the trophies
of the battle.

The days went on, with marching and counter marching
by both armies. General Green's masterly power was
evinced in retreat as well as in action. After having re-
cruited his army by loyal Virginians, he marched to Guil-
ford Court House, took a strong position and awaited his
antagonist. On March 15 the two armies met,
the result was rather a drawn battle, but the killed and
wounded of the British were far greater, and the result was
equivalent to a British defeat.

The British forces in the Carolinas remained under Lord
Rawdon. Cornwallis, after issuing boasting proclamations,
retreated to Wilmington, and immediately proceeded to Vir-
ginia. General Green had Rawdon to contend with, and ad-
vanced to South Carolina and marched with the main body
to Hobkirk's Hill, a short distance from Camden, where
Rawdon was stationed. A battle ensued. At a critical
moment valuable American officers were killed, who com-
manded the center ; the regiments became confused, fell back.
It was Rawdon's opportunity ; he pressed forward — captured
the hill. The Americans retreated from the field, but
saved their artillery, and bore away the wounded. Again
the genius of Green made a masterly retreat. Sumter,

228 Story of the Records

Lee, and Morgan were on the alert to scour the country,
cutting off supplies for the enemy, breaking their lines of
communication, and striking them right and left.

It was the loth of May that Lord Rawdon evacuated
Camden, and retreated to Eutaw Springs, sixty miles above
the mouth of the Santee River. Other posts fell into the
hands of the Patriots. By the 5th of June, only Eutaw
Springs, Charles, and Ninety-six, remained in the possession
of the British. Now we find General Green at Ninety-six.

It was during this period that Rebecca Motte showed her
patriotism, her loyalty, and her nobility of character.
When she was driven from her beautiful home by the
British, she took shelter in a farm house not far off. Her
Mansion on the Congaree had been ruined. Fort Motte
was the principal depot between Charleston, Camden, and
Ninety-six, and was doubly valuable to the British, who
were now in full possession of it.

Marion and Lee used strategy and effort to dislodge
the enemy. Lee then intimated to Mrs. Motte the advisa-
bility of taking possession of her home to drive the enemy
out. She consented ; and when attempt after attempt failed,
owing to inferior bows and arrows, she gave the soldiers
some that had been sent her from the East Indias, and
with the work of fine marksmanship, the dry shingles were
soon ablaze. The British tried to quench the flames, but
Marion with his riflemen drove them away. McPherson
raised the white flag ; the firing ceased ; the flames were ex-
tinguished,— the surrender was complete.

Consider the courage and moral strength of this woman ;
a few hours later she was the dignified and gracious hostess,
entertaining the British and American officers at dinner.

Ninety-Six was now beseiged by General Green : for
twenty-seven days the siege was pressed with vigor. They
had cut off the supplies of water from the Fort ; they could
not have held out more than a couple of days longer ; but Lord
Rawdon was rapidly approaching with two thousand men.
On the i8th of June, Green raised the siege and retreated,

Story of the Record s 229

Green escaped with his army. Rawdon pursued, but, as
usual, Green's tactics outwitted Rawdon. The British
abandoned Ninety-six, and fell back to Orangeburg. Green,
with ceaseless activity, followed the retreating enemy.
When he had passed Broad River, he was in dire necessity
of sending an order to General Sumter, who was then on
the border, to join him, that they might unite their forces
and attack Rawdon, who had divided his Command. But
the country, between the two armies, through which the
bearer of this must pass over, was filled with Tories who
were even more hostile than the British. No trustworthy
man was found willing to undertake the perilous trip, and
run the danger of being caught and hung as a rebel.

It was at this critical moment that a young girl, Emily
Geiger, presented herself to General Green and offered
her services as his messenger. It is needless to say that
General Green, in his great dilemna, was surprised, and
more than satisfied with this offer, for he was undoubtedly
right in his reasoning, — a woman stood a better chance of
reaching General Sumter's Camp than could any man, es-
pecially one of the army. The General wrote a letter, and
when he handed it to her, verbally communicated to her its
contents, to be told to Sumter in case of accident.

For fifty miles, mounted on horseback, this young girl
rode over a country, every foot of the way, over bridle-
path and highway, guarded by British soldiers and Hessians.

On her second day out, Emily was stopped by Lawson's
scouts, coming from the direction of Green's army. She
w^as looked upon with suspicion, and was closely questioned
as to her errand. She could not readily give a satisfactory
account of her mission, and was, therefore, shut up ; and a
Tory woman sent for to examine her for treasonable com-
munications.

Emily, in the interim of waiting, lost no time. As soon
as the door was closed, she tore the letter into pieces,
chewed and swallowed the last remaining piece of the
tell tale message. The Tory mistress arrived, and after

230 Story of the Records

careful scrutiny of her clothes, finding no treasonable com-
munication, Emily was released from custody. This little
episode only added zest to her zeal. Taking a somewhat
circuitous route to make the deception more complete, she
at last struck the road that led to Sumter's Camp. Upon
reaching the General's headquarters, she asked to see him,
and literally by ivord of month delivered the message of
General Green's, after relating the adventures of her peril-
ous trip!

Sumter joined Green as requested on the heights of the
Santee. On the 22nd of August, Green left the heights,
and marched toward Orangeburg. The British decamped
at his approach, and took post at Eutaw Springs, forty
miles below. The Americans pressed forward, and on
September 8 a fierce battle ensued. The British lost
by far the most men. Rawdon resigned his Command of
the British forces to Colonel Stuart, and went to Charles-
ton. Stuart held his position, but the following day hastily
retreated to Monk's Corner. Green followed ; and after
two months of manouvering, the British were driven into
Charleston.

In the meantime St. Clair had cleared North Carolina
by forcing the enemy to evacuate Wilmington. The whole
country south of Virginia was now free of the King's
dominion, save Charleston and Savannah. The latter City
was evacuated by the British on July 11, 1782, and Charles-
ton on December 14, 1782. This ended the Revolution
in the Carolinas and Georgia. Cornwallis had supplanted
Arnold, and the last acts of the Revolution was to be
enacted in Virginia.

We leave the question to the broad minded historian
to say how great a factor Rebecca Mott and Emily Geiger
were in the results of the movements of the victorious
Generals in the Southern Army, which gave the death blow
to the Revolution.

The State of South Carolina stands out in bold relief
as one of the Old Thirteen, that dared to recognize for all
time the service of a heroic woman. The old seal of

Story of the Records 23 1

South Carolina having become worn in the course of its
long service of a hundred and twenty years, in 1895, the
Legislature of the State ordered a new seal to be made
similar to the original, except that the supporters should
be individualized, and that Emily Geiger and William
Moultrie should be placed thereon as the representatives
of a patriotic citizenship. From henceforth every State
document signed by the Governor must bear the impress of
Emily Geiger ere it becomes an official paper.

Is it to be wondered at that the descendants of such
ancestry should be found allying themselves to com-
memorate the names of these patriotic women and men who
were such factors in the founding of this Republic ; not
only have these "Daughters" honored the names of women
and men, but historic battle fields as well. They have the
Rebecca Mott Chapter, the Nathaniel Green, the Moultrie,
the Cowpens, the Columbia, the Kings Mountain, the
Andrew Pickens, Sumter's Home, the Esther Marion, Kate
Barry — what an array of historic names ; — but every year
the Congress would be wanting, if the familiar faces of the
South Carolina Daughters were not there to tell of the
work being done in the Palmetto State on the ground
whereon was finally thrashed out the principles of Liberty
to the Colonies.

Did these women catch the spirit of the organization
from that small patriotic body of women, ten all told,
marshalled by that brave girl Mary Mills, born Mary Gill,
in the Colony of Pennsylvania, 1758, daughter of Robert
Gill, who, soon after her birth, moved to South Carolina,
and settled on Fishing Creek. Gill took an active part in
establishing a church in the wilderness, and the rich lands
surrounding brought forth abundant harvests, especially of
wheat. The years passed on ; the Revolution broke upon
them. Mr. Gill was too old to enter the service, but he
buckled the armor on to his four sons and bid them go forth.
When the harvest time came, all the men able to bear arms
had gone to the war. None remained to secure the crops
upon which families depended for a living.

232 Story of the Records

It was at this crisis, says Elizabeth Ellett, "That Mary
(Gill) Mills and her nine companions — let us give their
names and pass them down in history, — Mary, Margaret,
and Ellen Gill ; Isabella and Margaret Keler ; Sarah Knox ;
Margaret, Elizabeth, and Mary Mills; Mary McClare, and
Nancy Brown, — formed themselves into an organization
and called it, 'The Company of Reapers,' for cutting and
gathering the grain. Day after day this little band of
women went from farm to farm, and gathered the crops.
The only question they asked was, 'Is the owner out with
the fighting men?' For six weeks they gave unceasing
labor through the country, and Providence smiled upon
their generous enterprise — there were no storms during
that period to destroy the ripened grain that was awaiting
the fair reapers."

At one time when a company of Colonel Neil's men
were going to Williamson's after leaving White's mills, two
of the men got separated from the others, it was late at
night and pitch dark ; they were anxious to get up with
Neil — had they lost their way? They stopped at Mr.
Gill's to get direction. As soon as Mary was convinced
that they were Liberty men, she offered her services against
her old father's judgment, to show them to the path lead-
ing out to the main road. It was so dark she was obliged
to tie a white cloth upon her back, that they could see to
follow her, and the distance was several miles. Years after
the war one of these men, named Hunter, traveling through
the country, and stopping for the night at the old Court
House at Walkers, inquired for the brave girl who had
done them this service.

Like many another damsel in the country, Mary had a
lover in Camp. This was John Mills, a neighbor, of whose
exploits she continually heard. He was with Sumter through-
out the war. When the British were driven down the
country, John seized the opportunity for a short furlough,
to lead his betrothed to the altar. John Mills and Mary
Gill were married May 31, 1782. She lived a staunch
patriot through girlhood and womanhood. Her husband

Story of the Records 233

and children were richer through her advice and council,
and her Hfe added another page to the heroic women of
South Carohna in the Revohition.

And so the "Daughters" of South Carohna of the twentieth
century have learned that to-day is meaningless, unless
linked with yesterday and to-morrow ; and to-day their
effort is for organization, and to-morrow will declare what
that organization will have accomplished ; and when occa-
sion comes for action in any good cause, such organization
will be promptly recognized, as it was by the Government
during the Spanish-American War.

The small Chapter of King's Mountain makes up in zeal
and patriotism for its size, and the monument completed
under the executive ability of the Regent of 1903, will
mark in granite the sacred spot where the heroes of King's
Mountain fell.

The Rebecca Mott Chapter has shown its earnestness by
erecting a tablet to the memory of Rebecca Mott in
St. Phillip's Church, the ancient tabernacle wherein this
patriotic woman worshipped. The impressive ceremony of
unveiling the tablet was conducted by Dr. Vedder, the
Pastor of the Huguenot Church, and Chaplain of the Chap-
ter. A tablet to Martha Washington was placed in this
Church by the New York City Chapter, an act much ap-
preciated by the South Carolina Daughters. Mrs. Frances
Mather Jones has bee:: the active leader of this chapter
since its organization. The work of this chapter in its
gifts to Continental Hall, and to the Lafayette Statue in
Paris has been generous. A work largely due to the loving
enthusiasm of its Regent, who is known as the mother of
the "i6th Pennsylvania and 2d Wisconsin," — involves a
story that has its pathetic and tender side. Three soldiers
of the Spanish War died in Charleston in the summer of
1898, and were buried in Magnolia Cemetery, just opposite
the spot where six hundred Confederates are at rest. The
chapter has assumed the care of these three graves. The

234 Story of the Records

National flag is upon the headstone, and waves over the
graves. Upon the loth of May, when the graves of those
who wore the grey in '6i are annually covered with flowers,
those who wore the blue in our last war are remembered
by the warm hearted Southern daughters, "because they were
Patriots." On May 30 the National Memorial Day,
they again receive a tribute of flowers, "because at home
their comrades are remembered on that day." — When
strife is over, the heart beats of Patriotism are of the same
time and tune.

The Columbia Chapter enthusiastically entered into the
work of raising $1,000 to erect the granite monument given
by the Legislature to the Daughters, to commemorate the
names of three great Generals, — Marion, Sumter, and
Pickens. Mrs. Rebecca Pickens Bacon, honorary State
Regent, and granddaughter of General Pickens, conceived
the beautiful idea of giving the opportunity to every living
descendant, lineal and collateral, of contributing one dollar
each to the monument. From California and Texas to the
Atlantic coast the dollars poured in to help on the fund.
With the help of the State it was accomplished, showing
what good friends the "Daughters" find at Court, when a
patriotic work is being promulgated. The Columbia Chap-
ter in February 1900, placed a white marble tablet, in
memory of Emily Geiger's ride, in the lobby, in the State
Capital at Columbia.

In the little Church yard of the Old Stone Church, not
far from Anderson, General Andrew Pickens is buried.
The Cateechee Chapter Daughters have taken upon them-
selves the care of the cemetery grounds. The Cowpens
Chapter has given of its purse liberally to Continental Hall,
and is co-operating in a movement for the preservation of
the battlefield of Cowpens.

To the end of the Chapter, the Daughters of South
Carolina will see to it, that the sacrifice of life and fortune
by their ancestors will bring its reward in loving reverence
and remembrance.

CHAPTER VIII.

ORTH CAROLINA: In entering the Old
North State, we have a strong inclination to
go back of the encounter of Green and Corn-
wallis — back of the "Mecklenburg Declara-
tion," back of the days when it is said the
North Carolinians would not pay tribute "even unto
Caesar," back of the days when the settlers loved their
country and called it "The land of summer," back to their
day of legend and history. Everybody knows of the at-
tempt of Sir Walter Raleigh, to establish an English Colony
in the New World. The Spaniards were in Florida, the
French in Nova Scotia ; but England had no possession in
North America when Raleigh crossed the sea. Those
were pioneer efforts of Sir Walter Raleigh, they might be
called failures ; but they were the stepping-stones of the
advance movement that settled Jamestown, Virginia.

It is an old story ; the landing of the Colony of a hundred
and seven souls, on the Island of Roanoke, 1585, and which,
subsequently, sick and discouraged, returned to England
with Sir Francis Drake, the great sea rover, who appeared
with his ships off the coast of Roanoke. Then came Sir
Richard Grenville, fifteen days after, with three vessels,
bringing the promised supplies, but found the men gone.
He left fifteen men on the Island, with provisions for two
years, when he returned to England. These men are sup-
posed to have been killed, or captured by the Indians ; only
a ruined Fort, some empty huts, and some bones were left
to tell the tale.

In 1597, other Colonists came to the Island, bringing
with them seventeen women and nine children, evidence
sufficient to prove that a permanent home in America was
anticipated. A few days after the landing, Virginia Dare
was born, the first white child in North America, born of

236 Story of the Records

English parents. Her mother, Eleanor Dare, was the
Daughter of John White, the Governor of the Colony,
OfiEicial record was made of her baptism the following
Sunday. The Colonists soon found the necessity for many
additional articles for their moderate comfort. At their
urgent request Governor White returned to England to
secure supplies, expecting to return the following year.
When he reached England, he found the Mother Country
at war with Spain, and England threatened with the Ar-
mada. The Queen demanded his services, and it was not
until 1590, three years later, that he succeeded in returning
to America. When he at last arrived, the Colony had dis-
appeared. The one clue alone was the word "Croatoan,"
which he found carved upon a tree. It had been agreed
between them, that if they changed their place of abode in
his absence, they would carve on a tree the name of the place
to which they had gone.

As far as any knowledge goes the Colony might as well
have disappeared ofif the face of the earth, since all that is
known is that the Colony arrived — Virginia Dare was born
— White returned to England — the Colony disappeared, and
"Croatoan" the only legacy left.

Through the research of historical students a chain of
evidence has been woven, from which conclusions have been
drawn, that the last colony gave up hope of help from
England, and cut ofif from all other human associations,
became a part of the tribe of friendly Croatoan Indians,
shared their nomadic life, intermarried with them, and
that their descendants to-day are found among the Croatoan
Indians of Robesen County, North Carolina. Also traces
of the wandering tribe have been found as far south as
Louisiana — members with blue eyes, light hair, and bear-
ing the names of some of the Colonists. Whether Virginia
Dare was one among them we shall never know, but the
full tradition of her life among the Indians is embodied
in the "Legend of The White Doe."

The scattered fragments of this legend have been care-

Story of the Records 2-1^

fully collected, and woven into symmetry by the author of
the "White Doe," Mrs. Sallie Southall Gotten. She says
in her preface, "Much has been written about the Indian
Princess, Pocahontas, and much sentiment has clustered
around her association with the Jamestown Colony, while-
few have given thought to the young English girl, whose
birth, baptism, and mysterious disappearance, link her for-
ever with the earlier tragedies of the same era of history.
It seems a strange coincidence that the Indian maiden,
Pocahontas, friend and companion of the white man, hav-
ing adopted his people as her own, should sleep in death in
English soil, while the English maiden, Virginia Dare,
friend and companion of the Red man, having adopted
his people as her own, should sleep in death on American
soil, — the two maidens thus exchanging nationality, and
linking in life and in death, the two Countries, whose
destines seem most naturally to intermingle."

Settlers came into the Carolinas from Virginia and Mary-
land ; Quakers came from New England and Delaware ;
French, Huguenots, German refugees, found homes on the
banks of the Ncuse ; Peasants of Switzerland came and
founded New Burn, and the country began to be dotted with
farms and hamlets. The years went by, the colonial days
brought its pleasures and its hardships, made harder by the
power that should have held out the hand of succor and
encouragement. The time came when the Colonies began
to act together. It was the descendants of these men and
women who took up the burden of the song of Life and
Liberty, and resolved by compact to hold fast to all that
was of good report left by these conquerors of a despotism ;
and so the Daughters of the land of Virginia Dare, "The
land of summer," the land of "The White Doe," and Groa-
toans, the land of Mecklenburg, and Guilford battle field,
have joined the forces who are to see to it, that there is no
more lost history in the State.

The Council Oak Chapter will see that the fragments

238 Story of the Records

of the Council Oak, which have been shivered by Hghtning,
shall be made into historical souvenirs, and the spot will be
marked where the majestic oak stood sentinel, guarding-
the place Savier, Campbell, the McDowells, and other oflfi-
.cers, on their way to King's Mountain, halted and formed
their plan of campaign.

The Dorcas Belle members, besides their generous con-
tribution to Memorial Continental Hall, are keeping loving
watch over the graves of the men who fell in this campaign,
and are buried in Green Hill Cemetery. The Edward
Buncombe Chapter is accumulating funds to erect a monu-
ment to their patron saint, whose body lies in an unknown
grave in one of the burying grounds of Philadelphia.

Mecklenburg Chapter ; — the very name brings up so
much of history — it is no wonder the members always find
enough for willing hands to do. Besides their own home
work, they have raised one hundred dollars for Memorial
Continental Hall.

Salem Centennial Chapter, organized in the historic
Moravian Church, has devoted itself to the study of North
Carolina history, and with this will come fresh memories of
the heroes of Alamanac, Moore's Creek, Guilford Court
House, the signers of the Mecklenburg Declaration, and the
fair participants of the Edenton Tea Party.

Whitmel Blount Chapter ; of Henderson, offers a prize
to the students of city schools for the best essay on selected
Revolutionary topics ; and are collecting a fund for the
erection of a monument to the Granville County patriots.

The Chapters of the State have offered a medal to the
students, of the State Normal School and Industrial College
for young women, preparing the best paper upon the un-
written history of North Carolina. This offer has been re-

Story of the Records 239

considered, the medal will be withdrawn, and a Scholarship
awarded for post graduate work.

The seed of patriotism that was planted, in tears, in
North Carolina, has blossomed for the healing of the
Nation, and the Daughters will nuture it through love, and
will resurrect and establish its history.
* * * *

VIRGINIA: It was in Virginia that the closing scenes of
the seven years' Revolutionary War were enacted. Vir-
ginia furnished a Patrick Henry to arouse and thrill
the Colonies with his eloquence ; Jefferson, the man of
thought ; Richard Henry Lee, and Washington, the great
leader and General ; besides a host of less patriotic lights to
blaze the way in freedom's cause ; men who clasped hands
across the intervening wilderness with Samuel Adams and
John Hancock, and John Adams in New England. These
large-minded men of both sections were able, eventually, to
gather all of the best elements into one from the Colonies
lying between Massachusetts and Virginia, with three
Colonies to the South, North and South Carolina and
Georgia, to do some of the best fighting for Freedom of
the whole war, under the leadership of General Green, whom
some historians rank next to Washington in Generalship,
or strategy, and command over men.

When Cornwallis and Carlton had met defeat after defeat,
in the North and South Carolinas, they finally decided to
march into Virginia, to there concentrate their forces for
a finish of the affair, for these British Generals considered
that north of Baltimore the war was virtually ended. Little
did they know or heed that Washington had been re-in-
forced by a powerful ally, and that a French fleet was
rapidly approaching the scene of action. Resting secure in
his own thoughts and position of the British fleet in the
Rhoades, Cornwallis decided to make his stand at York-
town.

Washington and Lafayette were at hand, and the keen
eyed young Frenchman soon discovered the advantage this

240 Story of the Records

situation would be to the allied armies. He communicated
his plans to Washington, who was hurrying through Mary-
land to join him, and, with consummate skill, manoeuvred
to get his army one side of the enemy, knowing that the
coming fleet would soon arrive to prevent Cornwallis either
running away or retreating.

Lafayette and Washington begun the siege of Yorktown,
September fifth, wherein Cornwallis had supposedly snugly
fortified himself with ample protection and a waterway of
retreat in case of necessity.

Count de Barras' fleet, with eight ships of the line, and
ten transports, approached, and being superior in numbers
and advantages, attacked the British ships in the Bay, and
was soon in sight of the astonished and discomfitted Corn-
wallis, who was again outgeneraled, and after thirteen days
of siege, he ran up the white flag of surrender, and articles
of capitulation followed. Thus it was that the "last stand"
was made and lost on Virginia's patriotic soil, and the war
was ended to the great joy of all the patriots.

Cornwallis is said to have sulked in his tent, while his
army was laying down its arms at the feet of Washington,
under the pretense of being too ill to be present, while
Major General O'Hara, who led the whole British Army,
marched from the trenches into the open field, where, in the
presence of the allied armies — French and American —
seven thousand, two hundred and forty-seven English and
Hessian soldiers laid down their arms, delivered their stand-
ards, and became prisoners of war.

This little sketch of the last act in the drama would
hardly be complete without adding "That after the sur-
render the British army was marched under guard to Lan-
caster, Pennsylvania." Washington, with the victorious
American and French returned to the camps of the New
Jersey and the Hudson.

Virginia may well cherish pride in the part she took in
the War of the Revolution, and it is no wonder that so many
of her patriotic sons have been called to the Presidency and

Story of the Records 241

that she early learned the honorable patronymic, "The
Mother of Presidents."

With this brief resume of history, we will return to our
narrative of chapter work.

Mount Vernon Chapter ; of Alexandria, is one of the
largest and most enthusiastic, wielding quite an influence
within the State. Alexandria was one of Washington's
places of public worship. His square pew is still shown
in Christ's Church, and his dignified figure was often seen
on the streets of the City, for here also he attended the
Masonic lodge of which he is a member.

Carroll House, where General Washington received his
first commission from General Braddock, is the object of
reverent care of Mount Vernon Chapter. It is a most
picturesque and quaint old building, and the Chapter is
making every endeavor to purchase it. On the river front
side is a hanging garden, the like of which probably has
not its counterpart anywhere on the Continent. Shrubs
and trees over a century old adorn this primitive roof
garden, and while alive and still growing, show signs of
great age and decay, so that soon no vestige of this interest-
ing relic will remain.

It was this chapter instituted the restoration of Pohick
Church, another church where Washington was a vestry-
man and worshipper. Mount Vernon Chapter has lent
a hand to many other good works beside the restoration
of Pohick Church. Through the courtesy of an official at
Mount Vernon, this Chapter was able to respond to a re-
quest made by Pawtucket Chapter, of Rhode Island,
through Virginia's State Regent, for trees from Washing-
ton's home, for the Daggett Farm Park, to be planted on
Arbor Day. One of the D. A. R. organizers. Miss Susan
Hetzel, is a member of this Chapter.

Mrs. Eleanor Washington Howard was the last Wash-
ington born at Mount Vernon, and it will be of interest to
state that this event occurred in the room where General
16

242 Story of the Records

Washington died. Mrs. Howard has been the Regent of
Alount Vernon Chapter, and is, at this time, serving as
State Regent of Virginia.

MoNTPELiER Chapter; of Orange, has been chiefly en-
gaged in the local work of securing a public library, and
while the building is still unfinished, nearly i,ooo volumes
have been collected.

Fort Nelson Chapter; of Portsmouth, is interested in
having the streets, in the city of Portsmouth, originally
named for General Lafayette and a gallant British officer
who sympathized with the colonies, restored to their proper
and original titles.

Hampton Chapter; of Hampton, offered a High School
prize for the best essay on Jamestown and John Smith. In
connection with the Hampton branch of the Association for
the preservation of Virginia Antiquities, the Chapter
placed a tablet in Symes-Eaton Academy in memory of
Benjamin Symes and Thos. Eaton, founders of what is said
to be the first free school in the American Colonies, which
honor is claimed by both Virginia and Maryland.

Beverley Manor Chapter ; of Staunton, offered a public
school medal for best essay on The Battle of Point Pleasant
and the men who went from Staunton, a subject presumably
full of local color and of interest to home folks.

Blue Ridge Chapter; of Lynchburg, also offered his-
toric prizes on Revolutionary history, and the Chapter at
one time was proud of a "real daughter," Mrs. Asbury
Tilden Phelps, whose father. Colonel John Bell Tilden,
served on General Washington's Staff.

Dorothy Henry Chapter; of Danville, is accumulating
funds for a monument to Revolutionary heroes.

Story of the Records 243

The Margaret Lynn Lewis Chapter ; of Roanoke, is a
small chapter, but has been enabled to do a good work by
placing a fine monument over the grave of General Andrew
Lewis at Salem, Virginia. The monument, a granite
shaft, has the following inscription quoted from President
Theodore Roosevelt's "Winning of the West" : —

"General Andrew Lewis, 1716-1781 — Pioneer Patriot,
Hero of the Battle of Point Pleasant, which was the most
closely contested of any battle fought with Northwestern
Indians, was the opening act in the drama whereof the
closing scene was played at Yorktown."

Frances Bland Randolph Chapter; of Petersburg,
recently celebrated the surrender of Cornwallis by a
Colonial ball.

Great Bridge Chapter ; of Norfolk, is one of the largest
chapters, and erected a monument on the banks of the
Albemarle and Chesapeake Canal on the site of the Great
Bridge, with appropriate ceremonies — 1903.

Hampton Chapter; of Hampton, looks after and keeps
in repair tombstones of Revolutionary heroes lying in St.
John's churchyard.

Albemarle Chapter; of Charlottesville, the first work
it ever did of a public character was to furnish a duplicate
of Mount Vernon for the Columbia Exposition, Chicago,
1893, and that most exact replica was seen and admired
by thousands who otherwise would probably never see it
on the picturesque heights overlooking the Potomac.

This Chapter takes great interest in building an avenue,
to be known as "Jefferson Memorial Road," to connect
"Monticello," Jefferson's home, with Charlottesville and the
University of Virginia, to which institution he devoted the
best energies of his life. His wide experience, travel and

244 Story of the Records

tastes all splendidly equipped him for founding an institu-
tion of learning, and he said he would rather be known as
the founder of a College than as President of the United
States.

Miss Caroline R. Randolph, great-granddaughter of
Thomas Jefferson, belonged to this chapter as an honorary
member during the late years of her life. This chapter
has marked the grave of Mrs. Marie Antoinette Hendrick,
a granddaughter of Patrick Henry.

Betty Washington Lewis Chapter ; of Fredericksburg,
also had a granddaughter of Thomas Jefferson, Mrs. Marie
C. Mason, as an honorary member on its rolls. At one
time that chapter offered a medal for the best essay on
Colonial history, which was won by a student of the Freder-
icksburg College.

Perhaps no better close for this history of Virginia chap-
ters could be selected than one relating to the final scenes
of the closing drama — "The treaty of 1783 was briefly these
articles : A full and complete recognition of the the Inde-
pendence of the United States, the recession by Great
Britain of Florida to Spain ; the surrender of all the re-
maining territory east of the Mississippi, and south of the
Great Lakes, to the United States ; the free navigation of the
Mississippi and the lakes to American rivers ; the conces-
sion of mutual rights in the Newfoundland fisheries ; and
the retention of Canada, Nova Scotia, and the exclusive
control of the St. Lawrence by England.

"Early in August, Sir Guy Carlton received instructions
to evacuate New York City. Three months were spent in
making arrangements for that important event. Finally,
on the 25th of November, 1783, everything being ready, the
British army embarked on board the fleet ; the sails were
spread, the ships stood out to sea ; dwindled to white specks
on the horizon ; disappeared. The British were gone. After
the struggles of an eight years' war, the patriots had
achieved the independence of their country. The United

Story of the Records 245

States of America took an equal station among the nations
of the earth.

"Nine clays after Carlton's departure there was a most
effecting scene in the city. Washington assembled his offi-
cers, and bade them a final adieu. When they were met
the chieftain spoke a few affectionate words to his com-
rades, who came forward in turn, and with tears and sobs,
which the veterans no longer cared to conceal, bade him
farewell. Washington then walked to Whitehall, followed
by a vast concourse of citizens and soldiers, and from there
departed to Annapolis, where Congress was in session. On
has way, he paused in Philadelphia, and made to the proper
officers a report of his expenses during the war (it will be
remembered, he received no compensation for services until
many years afterwards). The account was in his own hand-
writing, and covered an expenditure of seventy-four
thousand, four hundred and eighty-five dollars — all correct
to a cent.

The route of the Chief from Paulus Hook to Annapolis
was a continuous triumph. The people by thousands flocked
from villages and roadside to see him pass; gray-headed
statesmen to speak words of praise ; young men to shout
with enthusiasm; maidens to strew his way with flowers."

CHAPTER IX.

ENTUCKY: Daniel Boone will take us into
Old Kentucky. He had lived on the
banks of the Yadkin, North Carolina, where
his father settled, and he moved from
Pennsylvania when Daniel was a boy. We
will follow him into Kentucky, where he was sent in 1769,
to explore the border region of that State. We cannot
narrate all the vicissitudes of this brave pioneer, but the
architects of the National Capitol, when they placed the four
oblong panels in Alto-relievo over the doors of the Rotunda,
to do honor to some of the early pioneers, they engraved
upon the walls of the capitol the history of the Red Man
better than they knew. On the east is the landing of the
Pilgrims, and the Indians ofifering them bread in the form of
an ear of corn ; on the west is a panel containing a groupe
of five figures, representing Pocahontas' interposition in
preserving the life of Captain John Smith ; over the North
entrance, William Penn is represented under the spreading
elms in the act of presenting his treaty, the elder Chief is
carrying in his hand the Calumet, or "Pipe of Peace ;" while
over the southern door, Daniel Boone has just discharged
his rifle, and the dead Indian lies at his feet. Where can
we find a more graphic description of the Indians' history?
During the Revolution, the Kentucky pioneers were
constantly beset by the Indians. After the expedition of
General Clarke, in 1779, the frontier was more secure,
thousands began to emigrate into the territory. Virginia
relinquished her claim, and in 1792 Kentucky was admitted
into the Union. These early pioneers took with them the
religion, the patriotism, and the sturdy qualities that make
a true and solid people. In the nineteenth century Ken-
tucky Daughters rallied to do honor to her great men
and women. It was a natural sequence that the first Chap-

Story of the Records 247

ter should have as their patron saint John Marshall, their
chief citizen, who sits in dignity in marble at the feet of the
United States Capitol, and through the ages will tell to
coming generations who was the first Chief Justice of the
New Republic. This Chapter, since its early days, under the
leadership of the late Mrs. Henry L. Pope, has never stopped
in its good work. From their hands the great explorer.
General George Rogers Clarke, will have erected to his
memory a befitting monument.

BooNESBORO Chapter will erect a monument on the
historic spot of Boonesboro, where Daniel Boone first
located. The Rebecca Bryan Boone Chapter has restored
the monument to Daniel Boone at Frankfort. The Isaac
Shelby Chapter, few in numbers, does the patriotic work of
Daughters who are in earnest. They have sent books to
the soldiers in the Phillippines, given gold medals to the best
historical students.

The Daughters of the land of Henry Clay, the great
leader of the Whig Party, and one of the strong pillars of
the Nation, will see to it that the men and women of their
Commonwealth are enrolled among the Nation's great
heroes, their noble deeds, their sacrifices for home and
Country will be recorded in the "Daughters' Book of Line-
age."

The most striking incident in the history of the Indian
wars was that commemorated by the Lexington Chapter,
Daughters of the American Revolution, in the dedication of
their memorial to the pioneer women of Bryan Station.
The members of this Chapter have earned for themselves
distinction by erecting the first memorial ever raised in this
country to women by women, and in a worthy manner have
honored a deed celebrated in the history of their State.
The members, without reserve, have given time and labor
to this work, and now have the gratification of knowing, as
a result of their eflforts. a suitable monument marks one of
the most important events in Kentucky history. On motion

248 Story of the Records

of Miss Nelly Talbott Kincaid, this work was begun in
1894. Miss Genevera Morgan, who had long endeavored
to excite interest, was unceasing in her work for its adop-
tion.

The story of these heroic women is as follows, given
in part by Mary Caswell McLellan: "Early in the summer
of 1782 a band of warriors assembled in Chillicothe for the
purpose of perfecting plans for a raid upon the weak settle-
ments of Kentucky. They were joined by two renegade
white men, several British officers encouraging them,
and holding out the hope of regaining once more their
former hunting grounds. Nearly one thousand Indians ad-
vanced into Kentucky. Their plan was to surprise and
capture Bryan Station, and then attack Lexington, five miles
away. It was a garrison of forty-four men ; the station
was in the form of a parallelogram, with block houses at the
angles. The spring which supplied the Garrison was at the
foot of the hill, at a distance of fifty yards from the fort.
The Indians reached Bryan Station on the night of the i6th
of August, their presence being unknown to the Garrison.
They were in ambush in the canebrake, on the opposite side
of the creek, within easy gunshot of the spring. One hund-
red Indians were placed on the Lexington road, on the
other side of the fort ; they were to attract the attention of
the Garrison, and decoy them outside the wall ; this ac-
complished, the main body would rush from their hiding
places upon the unguarded gate of the Fort, and effect an
entrance. A company of volunteers were to leave the fort
next morning to go to the assistance of a settlement south
of the Kentucky River. As they were passing out, they
were greeted with bullets from the rifles of the savages
near the Lexington road. They soon defined their object,
for they were skilled in Indian mode of welfare. Runners
were sent to Lexington for aid, preparations were made for
siege. A serious embarrassment was the want of water;
if the men went to the spring, they would be attacked. They
were told that the Indians across the creek believed their

Story of the Records 249

ambush was unknown. The women were called together,
and a project of their going for water advanced ; it was a
hazardous task. At first they hesitated ; but, being told that
the Indians would not disclose their ambush by firing upon
the women, the women realized that the hope of the Fort
was on their accomplishing this task, one by one they took
their buckets and sallied forth ; they went in a body to the
spring, where they were in easy range of the rifles of the
several hundred savages. They reached the spring in safety,
and bravely returned, though it is told, as they neared the
Fort, their steps quickened into a run for the shelter of the
Fort. Soon the fighting began in earnest, but reinforce-
ments from Lexington reached them before noon. The
Indians loss was heavy, and at night they tried to set fire
to the Fort, but before daylight they broke camp and stole
away."

The memorial which marks the site of this famous attack,
and commemorates the historic part taken by women, is
an octagonal stone wall, five feet in height, twelve in di-
ameter, built about the spring which issued at the foot of the
hill, whose top was crowned by the Fort. On the face of
the wall are three large tablets, bearing suitable inscrip-
tions, and several smaller ones, upon which have been carved
the names of the women who carried the water.

Mrs. Wallis M. Shelby, a great-great-granddaughter of
the founder of the Fort, was unremitting in her work for the
accomplishment for this memorial. Mrs. Mary Gratz
Morton did much to make the memorial ceremonies inter-
esting. The Regent, Miss Lucretia Hart Clay, a great-
granddaughter of Henry Clay, was the presiding officer at
the ceremonial. The tablets were unveiled by Miss Mary
Brinker Bryan, a great-great-granddaughter of William
Bryan, founder of the Station. Could any work be more
appropriate or add a deeper veneration for the founders of
the Commonwealth, or speak in more telling terms for the
work of the Daughters of Kentucky?

Fifteen of the ancestors of Miss Elizabeth Bryant Johns-

250 Story of the Records

ton, who was a Kentucky woman, and well known in the
Society, as having been Historian General of the National
Society, and on the Board of Management, were among the
women memorialized. Polly Hawkins Craig was her great-
great-grandmother. She was seventy years old at the
time of the attack, and was the first woman to volunteer
to go for the water, and her grand-child, nine years old,
carried a "piggin" on her head, and thus brought water to
the Fort.

Miss Johnson has heard her great-grandmother, Ann
Sanders, describe the battle, tell the story of moulding the
bullets and scraping lint, and making bandages for the
wounded. Robert S. Johnson was during the siege at Wil-
liamsburg representing the House of Burgesses, from the
County of Kentucky. His wife was among the volunteers
who carried buckets to the spring. She left a little girl in
the Fort, and a boy baby in the cradle, which was set on
fire by the Indian's burning arrows, and the little sister
rescued her baby brother, and this baby later became the
Honorable Dick Johnson, afterwards Vice-President of the
United States with Martin Van Buren.

The Kentucky Chapters throughout the State in contri-
butions to Continental Hall ; in rewards for study for his-
tory, in doing the "next things," are making their record.

The National Society has drawn deep from Kentucky
Daughters. The first to answer Mrs. Lockwood's appeal
to organize was a Kentucky woman. Miss Mary Desha ;
later, was Mrs. Ellen Hardin Walworth ; also from Ken-
tucky ; and Mrs. Eleanor Holmes Lindsay, who has served
on the National Board, and again so efficiently as Chairman
of the Committee on Architecture, is from Kentucky.

Tn reviewing the work of these women, we go gack to the
pioneer days, and we find the reason for their untiring
patriotism.

* * * *

TENNESSEE : The country was on the eve of revolution
when the first settlers crossed the mountains into Tennessee.

Story of the Records 251

This small band of riflemen that g-athered on the banks of
the Watauga, along the western slopes of the Alleghanics,
were the advance guard of Christian civilization. They
blazed the way through the wilderness. These early
pioneers found the bufifalo trace had become the Indian
trail ; in years these were widened into roads, over which
the uncounted hosts, who were to people the western half
of the Continent, were to travel. Then the roads became
turnpikes, and civilization transformed the turnpikes into
the steel highways of the Nation — emblematic of the birth
and growth of the great Republic.

We know of the sturdy yeomanry of Watauga, those
"Over Mountain Men," who came to rescue and help, turn
the tide at King's Mountain, under Savier, Shelby, Camp-
bell, and McDowell, and thus far away Tennessee struck a
blow for liberty.

History tells us that through all the years of the revolu-
tion, John Sevier and his little band of two hundred
riflemen held the gateway of the Alleghenies against the
savage hordes enlisted by Great Britain. It was the pure
and unselfish love of liberty and its principles which promp-
ted this "rear guard of the Revolution" to join in the
struggle against the British, and never once did the
savages break through these mountain defiles into Carolina.
For twenty years the contest lasted. Victories at last sub-
dued the Indians. It was then the people said, peace and
"Nolichucky Jack," (as they called Sevier) reigned upon
the borders. As one of their worthy daughters has said,
"Among the pioneers of this country were descendants of
the Cavalier and Puritan, the patriotic Welch and the sturdy
Scotch-Irish ; but whatever their blood or lineage, — of Puri-
tan or Cavalier stock, of the land of the Shamrock, the Rose
or the Thistle, — they all united in their love for their
country and their devotion to those high principles which
governed our forefathers and mothers, and sustained them
in the long, desperate struggle, begun in the fence corners
of Concord and Lexington, and most gloriously terminated

252 Story of the Records

on the field of victory at Yorktown." We cannot accom-
pany Sevier through all the years of his Governorship of
the short lived State of Frankland, or as a representative
in Congress from the valley of the Mississippi, but we
know he was made Brigadier General by Washington's
appointment, was the first Governor of the State of Tennes-
see, and held that position or one in Congress until his
death; but we follow him in part through the days of
chivalry and romance that we may get a closer view of his
intrepid love of his country.

What have we in history more heroic than the migration
of 300 of these men and women from Watauga, into the
wilds of Tennessee, under the leadership of that steady
patient, God-fearing man, General James Robertson, whose
answer to General Savier, when he tried to dissuade him
from this plunge into the wilderness, was — "We are the
advance guard of civilization, and our way is across the
Continent." The fort they built on the Cumberland and
half a score of log houses was the beginning of fair Nash-
ville.

The spring following their emigration, the Indians
showed signs of hostility. Robertson, with his brave band
sallied out of the Fort, and charged down the hill, and
ordered his troops to dismount. They soon discovered
about three hundred Indians in ambush ; some of the In-
dians escaped and ran for the Fort ; while the horses of
the whites had run in another direction, many of the In-
dians ran in pursuit of the horses. The men left in the
Fort had gathered about the gateway, where, surround-
ing them, were fifty large, ferocious dogs, trained by the
settlers to hunt wild beasts and Indians.

The wife of General Robertson, who was Charlotte
Reeves of North Carolina, had mounted the look-out sta-
tion, and stood rifle in hand, watching the rapid events
upon which hung the life of her husband. She did not
lose her self-possession, but she called to the sentry, —
""Open the gates and let the dogs upon them!" the order

Story of the Records 253

was obeyed, and away the dogs flew and attacked the
nearest body of Indians. They were obHged to halt and fight
the dogs with their tomahawks. This gave the opportunity
for the whites to escape to the fort. Mrs. Robertson stood
at the gate, as Robertson's men followed one after an-
other, and entered the fort. As her husband came in,
covered with powder and smoke, she is reported as saying
to him, "Thank God ! who gave the Indians a dread of
dogs and love of horses."

It was James Robertson and his compatriots who added
an increasing value to the vacant lands beyond the Cum-
berland mountains.

The treason of General Wilkenson of Kentucky, was in
strange contrast to the conduct of Robertson. The tempt-
ing bait of Spanish gold for separation, had no allurements
for honest James Robertson, notwithstanding the hardships
and uncertainty of years of conflict. The admission of
Tennessee as a State to the Union, and the election of John
Savier as its first Governor, and the treaty of peace with
the Indians, made up in full to these early pioneers for the
hardships of these trying years.

Mrs. Mildred Spottswood Mathes, who was so often
welcomed in the councils of the "Daughters," in the early
days of the organization, when every stroke rightly aimed
meant so much for its life, has given as a legacy to the
records what she has found in research. In her account of
the days in Tennessee, when the State was a babe in the
sisterhood, and had not as yet been adopted, she says,
"Tennessee had a share in our great National Struggle
for Independence ; for she inherited some of the victories
won on the soil of other states, and she has told how
brave the women were in the face of danger; spinning,
weaving, making garments, tending the cattle and fields,
parching the corn, and beating it into meal, and soaking it
with a wild honey and maple syrup, filling the bags so as
to have the food ready at a moments warning in case of
invasion."

254 Story of the Records

Echota was the capital city of all the Indian tribes, from
the Tennessee River to the mountains of Georgia ; here was
their council house, where all questions of peace or war
was decided ; here in fantastic dress of paint and feathers,
the war dance was held, and here the Calumet was smoked.
The green corn dance, and the sacred dance of the "white
dog" was performed. It was the home of the great Archi-
magus, or King of the Cherokee nation, the wigwam of
Oconnostota, the most powerful chieftain of all the tribes
was near, and the abode of Nancy Ward, the "beloved
woman," was under their protection ; she was the prophet-
ess of the tribe, and lived in barbaric splendor; she was a
woman queenly and commanding, one who was to play
such an important part in the fate of so many people, and
almost in the destiny of a nation. She was a half-breed
princess ; her father was an English ofificer, and her mother
a Cherokee. Nancy Ward was more than a queen, she was
the inspired sibyl ; her power was absolute ; her influence
was always on the side of justice and humanity. Peace
reigned in Echota, until Alexander Cameron, a Scotchman,
a bad adviser and disturber of the peace, made discontent
among the Indians. He questioned the white man's right
to land, and offered bribes for treachery. James Robert-
son went alone to Echota, met the Indian Council of the
various tribes, who were all there in their war-paint and
feathers, but he persuaded them to smoke the pipe of peace,
and there he met the "beloved woman," Nancy Ward.
Later, she went to Isaac Thomas, an Indian trader, at mid-
night, and told him to tell Robertson that the whole Indian
nation was on the war-path, and to be ready. Through
this timely warning, the savage plans were thwarted, and
they were repulsed with heavy loss. Constant warfare was
begun, every Indian town was burned except Echota, the
home of Nancy Ward, who never failed to warn the white
men. During one of the raids, a number of women ven-
tured out of the Fort, to take exercise, and bring water
from a spring to the Fort. Among them was Catherine

Story of the Records 255

Sherill, a daughter of one of the earlier settlers ; she was
a dark, rich type of beauty, about twenty years old. While
unsuspecting danger, a sudden war-whoop rang through
the woods, a band of yelling savages rushed toward them ;
— the women darted to the gate of the Fort ; the Indians
close after them. Catherine had gone farther than the
rest, and was cut ofif from the entrance. John Savier saw
her danger, and rushed out to save her in the face of three
hundred yelling savages. Robertson pulled him back, say-
ing, "You cannot save her, and will destroy us." Kate saw
her danger, the tomahawk and scalping knife waving over
her head. The savages were between her and the gate,
she turned and made for a stockade, which was some dist-
ance from the entrance ; she leaped over an eight-foot high
palisade, and fell into the arms of Savier, who was waiting
there to catch her, and for the first time, he called her
"My Bonny Kate! my brave girl for a foot race." The
Indians lost many in the affray, and the Fort was not
damaged.

Two years passed, and as we have told before, Robertson
had departed from Watauga, leaving his truest and tried
friend, Sevier. Robertson and his men plunged into the
forest, while Colonel John Donelson, father of Mrs. Andrew
Jackson, was to take the families and effects by inland
navigation from Fort Patrick Henry down the Holston
and Tennessee and up the Ohio and Cumberland rivers,
the distance being over two thousand miles. No man, red
or white, had ever attempted the voyage. It lasted four
months. Savier during this time found a little rest from
Indian depredations as they were on their good behavior,
and made up his mind to do a little celebrating on his own
account. He made preparations for a barbecue on an
extended scale, to which he invited all his friends ; this
included all the women and men and children in the terri-
tory. Under wide spreading trees were long tables, that
would seat several thousand guests, oxen split open
and dressed, were being barbecued on huge gridirons over

256 Story of the Records

charcoal fires ; cider and applejack was plentiful, and the
feasting and dancing was to last "until the stars paled on
the mountain."

Before the feast, a ceremony was to be witnessed in the
house. Sevier had laid aside his hunting shirt, and was
dressed in the full uniform of a continental colonel, and by
his side stood the graceful, beautiful, "Bonny Kate," who
four years ago had made the eventful leap over the stock-
ade. Parson Doake, with a contented smile, pronounced
John Sevier and Catherine Sherill husband and wife.

As before written, this is the woman who was the wife of
the first Governor of Tennessee. Do we wonder now, that
they have a "Bonny Kate" Chapter in old Tennessee, and
that its patriotic Regent, Miss May Temple, and members
give marked attention to the early history of the
State, so rich in patriotic deeds and historic incident?
This is a notable feature that marks the work of every
chapter; for the descendants of the heroes of Watauga
settlement and King's Mountain are to be found
scattered over Tennessee. Thirty-three revolutionary
soldiers' graves have been found, and proper recognition
and service given.

Williamson County is rich in historic incident. After
the conclusion of the war with England, North Carolina
awarded her sons, for military service, grants of land in
Williamson County. Hither came the men of the Revolu-
tion and made homes, some from Georgia, others from
Virginia, South Carolina, and elsewhere. Old Glory Chap-
ter, of Franklin County, has been doing good work in the
identification of the graves of these men, and they have in
hand the erection of a monument to their honor ; they have
also noted many historic places. A part of the old Natches
trace on a sheltered lot on Main Street, the old law office
of Thomas H. Benton, and two places where important
treaties were made with the Indians, have been marked.
A crowning effort of the Daughters of this State is to
erect a monument to the soldiers of 1776.

Story of the Records 257

The Hermitage and Watauga Chapters of Memphis
have restored the stone at the grave of Mrs. Dorothea
Spottswood Henry Winston, daughter of Patrick Henry.
Watauga Chapter has shown a deep interest in their own
State Centennial, as well as other National Expositions,
showing they keep abreast with the forward movement
of the country.

The Chickamauga Chapter did a work for the soldiers
during the Spanish War, whose record would fill a space
much larger than we have to give. Its Regent has well
said, "But our women are knights errant to the last." By
unanimous vote the members of Chickamauga Chapter
pledged their time, efforts, and money for relief work
among the soldiers at Camp Thomas. One surgeon said,
"You ladies can do nothing, We need everything before our
Government supplies can arrive ; we need cots, for we have
typhoid patients on the ground ; we need fifty blankets be-
fore night for soldiers sick with pneumonia." The sur-
geon, the Regent said, "Had never gauged the capacity of
a woman's good will." Before night a volunteer com-
mittee of twenty "Daughters" had supplied every one of
the articles enumerated as necessary. They did not wait for
some one to furnish "transportation," but procured a wag-
gon and went themselves with the goods, to see that no
mistake was made by a careless servant in the distribution.
An appropriation of fifty dollars was made from the chap-
ter treasury, and a committee appointed, known as the
"Hospital Committee of the Chapter," and each member
worked as if each day might be her last. The Regent, Mrs.
Amelia I. Chamberlain, and the Treasurer, Mrs. Katherine
W. T. Rathbun, with one or two others, were on duty
through all the days of this arduous task, beginning early
in May, and working until the very close of the war,
though living on Lookout Mountain.

W. J. Trimble, of the National Relief Commission, has
left this record, "From our rapidly depleting treasury, we
fear to draw the funds absolutely necessary for the diet

17

258 Story of the Records

kitchen. The Daughters of the American Revolution had
already placed to our credit two hundred dollars for the
purchase of butter, and now they come forward to relieve
all anxiety, saying, 'Establish your kitchen, and we will pay
all the expenses,' and they have more than made good their
generous offer. The light diet kitchen of Camp Thomas,
with their untold blessings, belong to the women of Cha-
tanooga."

The Cumberland of Nashville, supplied the regiments
of soldiers that passed through with well tilled baskets, and
Watauga Chapter organized for war work. As soon as
war was declared a committee of the whole called in their
neighbors to form the "Watauga Relief Circles," and they
enlisted for the war. The needs of the Second Tennessee
Regiment of Infantry were adopted as their special charge.
This regiment was stationed at Camp Alger, Washington,
D. C. In addition to every conceivable article being pro-
vided for soldiers needs and comfort, several hundred dol-
lars were sent for the relief of the sick. The Hermitage
Chapter in connection with the Watauga Chapter have
fitted up a room i.i the Aged Woman's Home of Memphis
for any descendant of a Revolutionary patriot who may
need such help. The war work of this chapter was done
in connection with the Watauga Chapter. Another Chap-
ter did good work along these lines, the Margaret Gaston
of Lebanon ; it has also contributed liberally to Continental
Hall.

In fact, there is not a chapter in Tennessee that has not
caught the patriotic spirit of those early pioneers. If they
are not all direct descendants, they must have absorbed
it from the soil, and breathed it in the air.

CHAPTER X.

HIO: At the close of the War of the Revoki-
tion the "Territory of Ohio" was considered
to be in the far West. Washington had
been in that favored region twice. Once
as a Government surveyor, and the second
time with the ill-fated expedition of Genei„' Braddock, who
lost his life in the Alleghanies in a fight with the Indians.
And no doubt Washington's representations of this beauti-
ful land enhanced its fame, for soon after the war was
closed it Avas proposed in the State Legislature of Virginia,
as well as the Federal Congress to pay troops for service
in Government lands, and both Generals Putnam and
Symmes organized colonies, composed mostly of old
soldiers, to settle in the territory on sections assigned them.
General Putnam selected the Southeastern portion of the
State, and founded the tov/n of Marietta, while General
Symmes selected land in the vicinity of Fort Washington,
and later on, lands preempted by memibers of his company,
the City of Cincinnati was founded on the last site of old
Fort Washington, which was first located at South Bend.
In 1788 John Cleve Symmes made a contract with the
Government for the purchase of a million acres of land
lying between the Miami rivers, and afterwards sold to
Mathers Denman, what is the present site of the "Queen
City" of the West.

General Putnam's grant included much of the "Western
Reserve," and thus the Ohio territory was settled by de-
scendants of the armies in the Revolutionary War. It soon
began to fill up, and was admitted into the Union 1800, the
first state of the middle West to come into the Federation.
Connecticut, New Jersey. New England and Virginia
furnished most of the early settlers, many of whom took
a leading part in building up the state. A historian has

26o Story of the Records

said "That the citizens of Ohio have as much reason to be
proud of their origin as those of New England, Pennsyl-
vania, or Virginia have to boast of theirs." The pioneers
of the forest were those noble patriots who had imperiled
their lives and shed their blood in the War of the Revolu-
tion, and when the conflict was ended their country was
too poor, with its depreciated currency, to pay the debt,
their eyes turned to Ohio, where the Putnam Colony
founded Marietta, and the Symmes at Fort Washington
founded the city of Cincinnatti on La Belle River, a land
of promise, "as fertile as the valley of Egypt," each old
soldier taking up not only his quarter section, as war pay,
but adding by purchase to his acreage, as did the ancestor
of the writer, and in some instances, thus establishing a
record that muster rolls have failed to show.

In one of the darkest periods of the Revolution Wash-
ington was asked what he would do if the British finally
succeeded in subduing the Colonies, he replied, "Submis-
sion is now out of the question." "But whither shall we
fly?" "Behind yonder mountains," said he — "There we can
be free in the valley of the Ohio, which is as fertile as
the valley of Egypt, and with the mountains for a barrier
we can defend ourselves and be happy." From such be-
ginnings one would naturally expect to find good material
for chapter organization. And the very first work under-
taken by the Cincinnati Chapter was to unite its efforts and
energies with those of the Sons of the American Revolution
to place a statue of "A Minute Man on Guard," at old Fort
Washington.

A beautiful work was inaugurated by one of the members
of the Cincinnati Chapters of Cincinnati of widespread im-
portance, a few years since, inasmuch as it proposed to do
for children of foreign birth what was being done for the
Children of the American Revolution, viz. ; educate them in
patriotism by holding up its heroes and heroines for ad-
miration and emulation, and giving these alien children
knowledge of American history. The society is known as

Story of the Records 261

"The Children of the RepubHc," and Mrs. John A.
Murphy is its foster-mother and founder. This unique or-
ganization has passed the experimental stage, and is now
progressing into other states, and meets with popular favor
everywhere, there being no difficulty in securing speakers
at any time or place for such an evidently useful society.

During the Spanish-American War Ohio Chapters took
an active part in relief work, and under Mrs. Estes G.
Rathbone, the "Daughters" joined the "Army and Navy
League," and, working with this League, Mrs. Rathbone
was placed in charge of the Cincinnati, Hamilton and Day-
ton Railroad Stations, and also at the Junction. It was
early decided that relief work should not be confined to
Ohio soldiers alone, but that every soldier passing through
the state should receive every possible relief and comfort
needed. Thus soldiers from Minnesota, Indiana, Illinois,
Iowa, Michigan and other states received aid and comfort.
The Cincinnati Chapter at this time also instituted and ran
a hospital car, with a force of nurses and physicians and
every necessary appliance. Other State Chapters also en-
tered heart and soul into this work for the soldiers. But
it is simply impossible to go into details, as there is enough
to fill a large volume if all that the D. A. R. chapters did
during that brief Spanish-American War were told.

The Jonathan Dayton Chapter; of Dayton, received
permission from the City Council to improve Van Cleve
Park, the scene of Indian battles before the Revolution,
and the location of the first settlers. It is Dayton's one his-
toric spot, and is proudly cherished by citizens as well as
chapter members. The first house built in the town has
been given to the Chapter, and it is to be a Chapter House
and depository of historic relics.

The Nathaniel Massie Chapter; of Chillicothe, pre-
sented to the city the portrait of the founder, General Mas-
sie, the portrait being provided by three grandsons of the
General.

262 Story of the Records

The Western Reserve Chapter ; of Cleveland, in con-
junction with the Martha Pitkin Chapter, has made a
faithful search for the records of the pioneer woman patri-
ots, and the result was published in the Woman's Depart-
ment of the Centennial Commission under the title of "The
Pioneer Women of the Western Reserve." Ohio chapters
have published their own lineage books, and taken an in-
terest in having chairs of history established in various
colleges in the state.

The Western Reserve Chapter, has established
a practical custom in arranging for courses of his-
torical lectures for foreigners in their own language,
which are profusely illustrated by stereoptican views. The
large population of foreigners in Cleveland, and the fact
that there is no histories in their language in the public
library, make this course of lectures peculiarly and signifi-
cantly helpful, and as they have been principally attended
by young men, rendered this a most fruitful field of labor.
This course was highly appreciated by those for whom they
were intended who expressed their gratitude in no uncer-
tain terms. There are nearly forty thousand Magyars or
Hungarians in the city by the lake.

A standing obligation of the chapter is its large contri-
bution towards the maintenance of a course of lectures upon
American history in the Western Reserve College for
women, which it is hoped in due time will expand into
founding a chair for that study.

Ohio Chapters, as in other States, have encouraged
a study of American and Revolutionary history by pupils in
the public schools through prizes offered for best essays
on designated subjects.

The Wawwilaway Chapter ; of Hillsboro, took part
by special invitation in the dedication of the new High
School building, and its souvenir of the occasion was left
on the wall of the same in the shape of a handsome tablet,,

Story of the Records 263

ten and a half by five and a half feet, on which is inscribed
the Declaration of Independence, the lettering and decor-
ating all in blue on a pure white background. The keystone
of the arch is the head of Washington, and the old time
"Mother" the centre-piece of the foundation.

The John Reily Chapter; of Hamilton, has come into
possession of the old Powder Magazine of Fort Hamilton,
The fort was built in 1791 by General Arthur St. Clair^
as a protection against the Indians, and enlarged in 1793
by General Anthony Wayne. It is named in honor of Alex-
ander Hamilton, and it was abandoned in 1796. When the
Government sold the property it became in successive years
a jail, a church, a school-house, a magazine for the cannon
and ammunition used on patriotic occasions, a private
dwelling, and now a Chapter House and Museum for John
Reily Chapter. This log building has been removed by the
chapter to a more central site, given by the city on the
banks of the Miami, within the boundaries of the old Fort.

The New Connecticut Chapter has found patriotic
expression in erecting a memorial monument to General
Edward Paine, the Revolutionary soldier who founded
Paynesville, in 1800, which was dedicated July 4th, 1900.

Mary Washington Chapter ; of Mansfield, has located
several graves of Revolutionary soldiers in the village ceme-
tery, while New Connecticut Chapter has prepared short
histories of the Revolutionary soldiers in Lake County
whose graves have been located. These local lists are of
great value to genealogists, and they have been distributed
to many libraries and institutions, including the Library
of Congress, New York Public Library, the Newberry
Library of Chicago, the Genelogic and Historic Society
of Boston, Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati ; and what
was begun as a labor of love, will thus soon have paid its
own necessary expenses. This Chapter has placed a
tablet in the portico of the Sailor's Memorial Build-

264 Story of the Records

ing. In these and various other ways, the Ohio Chapters
have made a goodly record.

The Columbus Chapter; of Columbus, has derived
much profit and pleasure from a series of papers contributed
by its members entitled "Tales of a Grandfather" — giving
bits of ancestral history.

For another interesting amount of work the Chapter has
done we quote from the report of the Chapter by Mrs. Ed-
ward Orton, Jr. : — "June 28, 1904, was the date of inter-
esting ceremonies attending the unveiling of a peace me-
morial tablet, by the Columbia Chapter. This monument
consists of a huge pink granite boulder, resting on a circular
bed of masonry. It is situated in a beautiful little park in
that part of the city known as West Side, but was originally
named Franklinton, and was founded while Columbus
proper was still the forest primeval.

"The event this memorial commemorates is more than local
in character, as it is of interest in the State as well as the
capitol of Ohio. During the war of 18 12 the British, as-
sisted by the Indian allies, were waging a cruel and relent-
less war. The headquarters of the army of the North-
west, under General William Henry Harrison, afterward
ninth President of the United States, were at Franklinton.
The Indian tribes of Ohio were a constant menace to the
safety of the inhabitants. It was resolved to take means
which would relieve and possibly control the entire situa-
tion. In pursuance of this determination a council was
held between General Harrison, representing the United
States Government and four Indian tribes, the Wyandotts,
the Shawnees, the Senecas and the Delawares. The
spokesman of the Indians was an old and venerable Wyan-
dotte Chief, known as "Tarhe the Crane." He was recog-
nized as a leader, respected for his fine traits of character,
and was friendly to the whites. The council was held on the
twenty-first of June, 1813. General Harrison stood under the
magnificent branches of an elm tree, surrounded by the

Story of the Records 265

officers of his staff in brilliant uniform. Behind was a de-
tachment of soldiers, on his front were the Indians, around
all were the inhabitants of the region far and near, with
many a mother and maid as interested spectators.

"The General began his address in calm and measured
tones, urging the Indians to move further into the interior
or else openly espouse the cause of the Americans against
the British foe. At the close of his remarks a profound
silence followed. It was a trying moment for all. Human
life and safety depended upon the response. At last old
Tarhe arose and gave his hand to General Harrison in
token of friendship, and stated that he and his braves would
become the friends and allies of the Americans.

"A scene of great excitement followed. Shouts of joy
filled the air. Women wept, and the children by cries and
laughter added to the confusion.

"The Indians were true to their promise. The council
while not properly a treaty may be regarded as such. It
in effect confirmed the treaty of Greenville, and resulted in
a permanent peace between the whites and Indians of
Ohio."

This is the event the Columbus Chapter has commemor-
ated, and the day of the unveiling ceremonies was a me-
morial one in their annals.

* * * *

INDIANA : Indiana, like Kentucky and Ohio, received
many Revolutionary soldiers into her fertile territory dur-
ing the days following the Revolution, but many of
her immigrant settlers hailed from North and South
Carolina, so that in the early days a notable feature of the
landscape was the pioneer cabin with the chimney outside
the house, in the Southern fashion, while "Yankees" put
theirs inside, to make snug corners for closets. Chance
visitors could thus, at a glance, tell where the settler hailed
from, from the style of the cabin he put up.

Southern Indiana was noted for its picturesque and beau-
tiful scenery, and the inland for its rich prairie lands which

266 Story of the Records

had only to be "tickled with a hoe" to burst forth into lux-
uriant crops that were the wonder and admiration of the
pioneers, especially those who came from the rocky lands
and sterile fields of New England.

The Indiana Chapters from the first united with the Sons
of the American Revolution, and later the "Children," to
locate graves of Revolutionary heroes. And already a large
number have been found.

The General De Lafayette Chapter is located at the
city of Lafayette, and a granddaughter of General Lafay-
ette, Madame de Melanie de Laserrie de Corcelle, was an
honorary member of the Chapter at the time of her death,
August, 1895. Her daughter, the Marquise de Chambrun,
is also an honorary member. This chapter presented a
"loving cup" to the Battleship Indiana, 1896.

The Carolina Scott Harrison Chapter ; of Indian-
apolis, was named for the first President General, wife of
President Benjamin Harrison, and is probably the largest
in the state. This chapter also has on its rolls the Ex-
President General, Mrs. Fairbanks, and Mrs. Mary McKee,
daughter of Ex-President Harrison. During the Spanish-
American War, this chapter did much good work for
soldiers' relief, as did so many other chapters of the state.
The generous gifts of Mrs. Fairbanks, from time to time,
to Continental Hall building fund, add greatly to the pres-
tige of this Chapter.

Spencer Chapter ; of Spencer, has located and marked
the graves of nine Revolutionary soldiers.

The Dorothy Q. Chapter ; of Crawfordsville, is also en-
gaged in this laudable work.

Piankeshaw Chapter, of New Albany, keeps "Indiana
Day," and recently celebrated by responses to roll-call from

Story of the Records 267

Indiana authors, and with papers on the early courts, early
educational and religfious institutions, and the early literature
of Indiana were read. All the Indiana Chapters keep in
mind and celebrate Washington's birthday, and Flag Day.
The day before the anniversary of Flag Day fell on Sunday
that year, Saturday, June 13th, the Chapter made a pil-
grimage to the site of the home of George Rogers Clarke,
of Clarkesville, about three miles from New Albany, at the
Falls of the Ohio. The Chapter through its committee is
securing all the historic relics obtainable to frame into its
Charter, among them a piece of pear tree that stood in
front of a house where the first State election in Indiana
was held.

The Washburn Chapter, of Greencastle, is one of the
latest organized, and was named for General Washburn,
who surveyed the Yellowstone Park, and who was a
general in the late domestic war, as well as descended from
a long list of Revolutionary heroes. Putnam County has
several Revolutionary soldiers buried within her limits, and
there is no doubt that this young chapter will not be far be-
hind in locating and marking their graves. Mrs. De Motte,
one of the chapter officers, is a daughter of the "Patron
Saint," and wife of the celebrated lecturer on Physics and
Ethics, notably that of "The Harp of the Senses," — Prof.
John D. De Motte, who has done a good work.

The John Paul Chapter, of Madison. There was a
small cemetery of a few squares breadth right in the heart
of the city, which long since had sunk into that unsightly
decrepitude of the neglected graveyard, when the chapter
sought and succeeded in awakening an interest in convert-
ing this neglected God's acre into a park, and it has since
been transformed into a place of rest and beauty, a little gem
of a park, in the center of the place and a pride to the city.
This cemetery site, which Colonel Paul donated to the city
in 1809, was then far beyond the corporation limits. It

268 Story of the Records

now occupies a conspicuous position in the city. Neglected
for years it was a reproach to the Hving, and irreverent
to the dead. Nothing remained to do but to convert it into
place of rest and inspiration of the living, in memory of him
who gave it. It has been a great disappointment to the
writers not to find a flourishing chapter in old Vincennes,
Ind., a place so rich in incident of historic interest.

* ^: * *

ILLINOIS : There are nearly two thousand members en-
rolled in Illinois D. A. R. Chapters. The first chapter
was organized in Chicago by Mrs. Frank Osborn, Regent,
March, 1891.

In 1893 this Chicago Chapter had charge of the Revolu-
tionary relics in the Columbia Exposition, to which many
other chapters throughout the country contributed. A
Department Congress was held May 19, 1893, at the Art
Palace on the Lake shore, and much interest in the Society
and its objects was developed in the West. One of the
leading features of the occasion was an afternoon tea and
reception held at the residence of Mrs. Potter Palmer, who
was president of the Woman's Board of Lady Managers of
the Exposition. Many distinguished women of the United
States and foreign countries were present at this elegant en-
tertainment.

The Chicago Chapter tendered a public reception to
the Count and Countess de Rochambeau (who were
guests of honor of the Nation at the unveiling of
the Rochambeau Statue at Washington, D. C, May
24th, 1902), at the Art Institute in Chicago in con-
junction with the Sons of the American Revolution in honor
of their sires who so signally served our country in its hour
of need, which occasion brought together all the notable and
most distinguished citizens of Chicago, and was in every
way a brilliant success.

The naming of chapters in Illinois was in many instances
illustrations of happy hits in nomenclature, for instance:

Story of the Records 269

Fort Dearborn, of Evanston, Chicago being virtually on the
site of the old Fort. George Rogers Clark, of Oak Park,
mini (the Indian name) of Ottawa.

The Moline Chapter ; of Moline, took a lively interest
in the affair when Miss Elizabeth Key, the granddaughter
of Francis Scott Key, the author of the Star Spangled Ban-
ner, was dismissed from Government service, this chapter
started a petition to the United States Congress for Miss
Key's re-instatement, which we are informed was finally
accomplished.

Moline Chapter cherishes as one of its most interesting
assets a gavel made from the oak under which Black
Hawk, the noted Indian Chief, signed a Treaty of Peace
between himself and the whites, and was presented to the
Chapter by the State Regent. Mrs. Deere was a member
of this chapter when State Regent, and she presented each
of the public schools with a copy of the Declaration of In-
dependence.

North Shore Chapter, of Highland Park, Princeton of
that place and Springfield, have each done much to incul-
cate high ideals of citizenship, and to make the study of
American History more popular in the public schools by
offering prizes on Revolutionary and other historic themes
connected with the growth of the Nation.

The Rev. James Caldwell Chapter, Jacksonville, con-
tributed handsomely to relief work during the Spanish-
American War, and the same thing might be said of all
the other chapters of the State.

Letitl\ Green Stevenson Chapter, of Bloomington,
was named in honor of one of the Presidents General, Mrs.
Stevenson, wife of Vice President Adlai E. Stevenson.
This chapter has always been noted for good works and

270 Story of the Records

devoted to patriotic deeds. It has located and marked sev-
eral graves of Revolutionar}^ soldiers buried in McLean
County. The social features of the chapter has been re-
markably successful.

The Fort Armstrong Chapter; of Rock Island, has
marked the site of old Fort Armstrong. The monument is
built on the spot where the Block House once stood, and
is between Fort Armstrong Avenue and the Mississippi
River. The monument is built of blocks of native stone,
oblong in shape, 9 feet high and surmounted by a pile of
cannon balls. One side bears this inscription : "The sits of
Fort Armstrong. Built 1816. Abandoned 1836. Erected
by Fort Armstrong Chapter, Daughters of the American
Revolution, Rock Island, Illinois, 1901." On the opposite
side, about a foot in diameter, is the insignia of the Daugh-
ters of the American Revolution. Others participated in
this patriotic work which was first inaugurated by Mrs.
Grace Bowers (Mrs. Thomas Brooks), a charter member
of the chapter and heartily endorsed by Major Stanhope
English Blunt, Commander of the Rock Island Arsenal,
without whose hearty co-operation success would have been
impossible. Major Blunt made an interesting address on
the laying of the base of the monument, giving a history
of the Old Fort and of the privations of the army in those
early pioneer days. At the unveiling of the monument a
m^onth later, Mr. Edward H. Guyer, a son of the American
Revolution, delivered an able address telling the story of
the brave men who had figured in the history of the Fort.

The memorial was then formally tendered to Major
Blunt, by the Chapter Reegnt. Mrs. Elizabeth Bradley, and
accepted by him as a representative of the General Govern-
ment.

Old Fort Armstrong was originally built of wood and
stone, was a typical stockade of the time, and gave com-
plete protection against the Indians. Having outlived its
usefulness it was abandoned. It was located on

Story of the Records 271

the crossing lines between the East and the West, on a
rocky island in the Mississippi, then the only avenue of
transportation between the North and the South. Having
served its purpose well, and civilization having obliterated
the footsteps of the past, it is well for the "Daughters" to
unite with the Government in preserving the memories con-
nected with this interesting spot. Perhaps if the Illinois
chapters had done nothing else than to restore old Fort
Armstrong it would have been excuse enough for being,
but Illinois chapters have done something greater yet in
restoring Fort Massac. The story of this oldest Fort in the
West is woven with many a strand of interesting history
beginni-.g with the French, who held its first thread, then
came the Indians as allies, then, with the French the priest,
the first missionary who delivered the first religious dis-
course in the West, and laid the foundations of civiliza-
tion on Christian principles just as the Pilgrims did in the
New England Colonies. Father Mermet, according to "Kopp's
Jesuite Missionaries," made his visit at Fort Massac at
about 1 700- 1 703. After the French and Indian occupancy
the British wove the strands of history in this old fort, and
since, it has been the resting place of thousands of emigrants
who followed the "Star of Empire which westward takes its
way," and now after the vicissitudes and changes of nearly
two hundred years Fort Massac, has, through the initiative
of the Daughters of the American Revolution, been con-
verted into a Memorial Park, traversed by paths leading
under sylvan shades, a place of resort for old and young
alike, who find in it, not only rest and recreation, but a
stimulus to many interesting researches into the pages of
history. The site is one of the most beatiful on the Ohio
river, and commands many delightful views. The earth-
works are still in a good state of preservation and very
much resem.ble the earthworks near New Orleans.

Even the gravelled sentry walks being easily traced. "Al-
though multilated and in ruins when the Daughters of the
American Revolution entered upon their rescue work it was

2^2 Story of the Records

even then the noblest and most beautiful landscape in the
pioneer history of the West." It was a great enterprise
when they undertook to prevent the ravages of the river,
to beautify a spot so rich in historic interest and incident
without other resources than good intent and faith. To
Mrs. Matthew T. Scott, Vice-President General of Illinois,
be all grateful tribute paid, for to her belongs the chief credit
since in her thought was born the patriotic desire to keep
this interesting site for a public park — a State possession —
but also for the arduous, unceasing, untiring effort prose-
cuted by her, until that desire became an accomplished
fact.

"The State Legislature responded to the Daughters' pe-
tition that they should be the custodians of the honored
site, and, though time may soften their interest, they will
never allow it to obliterate the traces of their charge, one
of the most interesting relics of our country's history."

The bill appropriating ten thousand dollars ($10,000)
for the purchase and improvement of Fort Massac, was
passed by the Illinois Legislature on May 7, 1903, and was
signed by Governor Yates a few days after (May 15).

Three thousand, five hundred dollars was paid for the
twenty acres of ground composing the park, and sixty-
five hundred dollars expended in carrying out the plans,
designed by Prof. J. C. Blair, of the University of Illinois,
under his personal supervision.

The Fort Massac Commission is composed of the Gov-
ernor of the State of Illinois, the Secretary of the State and
the Auditor of State, the State Regent of the Illinois
Daughters of the American Revolvition and two Illinois
Daughters appointed by the State Regent and their suc-
cessors in office, all to serve without compensation. Mr. J.
C. Blair, the custodian of the work of restoring reported
December 28, 1904: "The grading is all done, roads and
walks are all complete, all dead timber on the place neces-
sary to come away has been removed, the keeper's lodge
is now in course of construction, and everything in readi-

Story of the Records 273

ness for the reception of the plants in the springtime ; the
fencing and the gateway are completed." The river is to
be kept back by a sea-wall, and there is to be a Museum
and Auditorium combined. In this connection a brief
resume of the history of Fort Massac will be of interest to
the reader. History asserts that the fort existed as early
as 1710 although others claim 1702 as the time. There are
two stories of the origin of the name of the fort. Ac-
cording to one, Indians disguised in bearskins decoyed the
troops across the river and massacred them and because of
this alleged fact, the name has been corrupted from massa-
cre. President Roosevelt in his "Winning of the West,"
said the name was bestowed after the French had built
the fort, and that it was so named in honor of the engineer
who did the work. The fort was built when the English*
were colonizing the Atlantic Coast, and France was es-
tablishing a new empire along the St. Lawrence, the Great
Lakes and in the Mississippi Valley. Each had Indian
allies, the English, the Iroquois, and the French the Algon-
quins. The French choose to pave the way by sending
zealous Jesuite missionaries to win the Indians to Christi-
anity. The trader gave him a fair valuation for his furs
and shared his hardships and repelled his enemies. Wher-
ever an Indian village was found, the French established
a fort and an Indian mission. The posts were either trading
stations or built ta protect the traders and the Indians.
Such a post, doubtless, was Fort Massac. Massac figures
in Clarke's conquest of Illinois, 1778, when Fort Massac
and Kascaskia were captured by 153 men without loss.
History relates numerous instances in the early settlement
of Illinois in which the fort figures up to 1794, when Wash-
ington in an order dated March 31, directed that the fort
be rebuilt. The necessity of rebuilding was brought about
by the plan of certain dissatisfied settlers, to invade the
possessions of Spain in Louisiana. The settlers were ex-
asperated by the failure of the Government to enforce the
free navigation of the Mississippi. It seems that Southern
18

274 Story of the Records

Illinois or the territory -now known by that name, was a
happy hunting ground for the Indians ; especially was it
prolific in bufifalos, and their peltry furnished the most im-
portant article of barter in extensive .transactions between
the Indians and French traders.

This mission and trading post was brought to a disas-
trous close through a quarrel among the Indians them-
selves, in which, unfortunately, the French, in trying to
keep the peace became involved to the extent their lives were
endangered, and they fled for safety, leaving behind all their
stores of trade and barter, together with thirteen thousand
bufTfalo hides, which they had collected for shipment to
Canada and from thence to France.

Conflicts between the French and English soon brought
evil days to the dwellers of Illinois. France claimed all
the country watered by the Mississippi river and its tribu-
taries— England, no less grasping, claimed from the At-
lantic to the Pacific ocean on the ground that the discovery
of the seacoast entitled her to all that lay beyond it. War
soon followed these rival claims, but for a long time, Illinois
by its remoteness escaped the harassments of the conflict.
In 1752 the French burned down the first English trading
post established on this side of the Alleghenies, and thus
the war began. In 1755 Braddock was defeated near Fort
Du Quesne. One readily recalls the part Washington took
in that battle. He had had experience in fighting with
Indians and asked Braddock, the British General, to be
allowed to fight the Indians in their own way. The Indians
were fighting for the French. Braddock's reply is familiar
to every school boy — "High times, young man, high times,
when a young buckskin can teach a British General to
fight." The British General fell a victim to his folly, but
that young "Buckskin" lived forty-four years longer, to
found for the Americans their Republic. One after another
the French forts fell into the hands of the English. Louis-
burg yielded to Boscawen; Fontenac was taken by Brad-
street, and in 1758, General Forbes again began his march

Story of the Records 275

with ten thousand men for Carlisle, Pennsylvania, against
Fort Du Quesne, now Pittsburg. The French and Indians
not being able to withstand so large a force blew up the
fort and with all their stores took to rafts and flatboats
down the Ohio so hoping to join forces with the French on
the Mississippi. They were well acquainted with this
stretch of country and selected an elevated enbankment
that overlooked the mouth of the Cherokee river and which
commanded a view of the "beautiful river," eighteen miles
below to erect a fort and make a final stand against their
English foes. The stand was final — and from that day — a
sad day to them — when by orders of their superiors, the
French garrison at Massac retired to Fort Chartres, no
French soldier has trod this classic shore. The French be-
ing vanquished by the English in the war, peace was made
by the Treaty of Paris, February 10, 1763. The French sur-
rendered all their possessions east of the Mississippi river.
But the French held Fort Massac until compelled to give it
up by a special order April 21, 1764. Fort Massac was not
again occupied by troops until trouble arose with Spain,
about 1796, when it was repaired and occupied under special
orders of Washington, who as President, was Commander-
in-Chief of the United States Army. It was used in the
French crisis under Genet's ministry, Mad Anthony Wayne
and General Wilkinson, at the head of the army, oc-
cupied the Fort, and for periods of time made it their
headquarters. Aaron Burr made it one of his points where
he directed his southern conspiracy, and it was there that
he formed his entangling alliance with General Wilkinson.
To this place he came to perfect his plot to make an empire
out of the southwest ; and here the beautiful wife of Blan-
nerhasset first learned of the gigantic enterprise in which
her husband was involved, that swept away a fortune and
rendered her a wanderer from her home in the dead of
winter. It was also the scene of many other intrigues in
those pioneer days between Spanish, French and ambitious
Americans male and female.

2y(i Story of the Records

The fort was repaired and used for defensive purposes
during the war with Great Britain 1812-1814.

And as said before, "it for many years remained the most
beautiful, though mutilated and in ruins, landmark of the
early pioneer history of the West. It is the one and only
relic left in Illinois, that as Daughters of the American
Revolution, we are called on to guard reverently, as the
custodians of a shrine."

CHAPTER XI.

ISSOURI : During 1904, the members of the
Society to the Daughters of the American
Revokition resident in Missouri, had a busy
time of it in preparing for the social and
other duties incidental to the Louisiana
Purchase Exposition, to be held in St. Louis that year.
Mrs. Geo. H. Shields, State Regent, at the State Confer-
ence, 1903, appointed Mrs. Wallace Delafield, State Vice-
Regent, chairman of the Relics Committee of the exhibit to
be held during the Fair. Through the kindness of the Mis-
souri Historical Society a large and beautiful room was
assigned to the D. A. R. Committee (No. 204) in the An-
thropological Building, and with the members of the Com-
mittee Mrs. Wallace Delafield, Mrs. J. N. Booth, Mrs. W.
G. Chappell, Mrs. E. A. DeWolf, Madame Bacom de
Figueire de Robston, Miss Dalton, Glover and others, se-
cured a fine exhibit of Colonial, Revolutionary and other
relics and with the aid of several state chapters, including
several within the Louisiana Purchase States, this room was
soon neatly furnished.

Mrs. George W. Shields at one time member of the
National Board, and late Regent of the great State of
Missouri, is a member of the St. Louis Chapter. Mrs. Del-
afield was regent during the Louisiana Purchase Expo-
sition, having been elected at the Congress of 1903. Mrs.
Delafield as hostess of the Daughters of the American
Revolution, had the honor of being elected a member of
the Hostess Association of the Louisiana Purchase Exposi-
tion, and a great many courtesies were extended that body
through the Hostess Association.

St. Louis has long enjoyed the prestige of being a city
"highly appreciative of art and refinement. Hence, w^hen
it was discovered that the grandfather of one of America's

278 Story of the Records

most notable painters, James Abbott McNeil Whistler, was
buried with some Revolutionary soldiers at Fort Bellefon-
taine, this fact had a peculiar significance, and it was Mrs,
John Booth of St. Louis, who suggested that these graves
should all be appropriately marked, especially that of Major
Whistler.

Major Whistler ran away from his home in Ireland, and
came to America with Burgoyne's army. Being very much
pleased with America he decided to remain, but returned
to Ireland for "The Girl he Left Behind Him," Miss Anna
Bishop, whose father's estate adjoined that of Whistler's.
The young people came to America and settled in Mary-
land, from which state John Whistler joined the American
army in 1791. He and his son William Whistler (also in
the army) were ordered from Detroit in 1803-4 to locate
a Fort at Chicago, to be called "Fort Dearborn." John
Whistler was a brave officer enjoying the confidence of his
superiors, else such an important commission had not been
assigned him. He was the father of several sons, the
youngest, George Washington, being the father of the
celebrated artist.

St. Louis has several flourishing chapters, and the only
"Hannah Arnett" chapter so far recorded. It was of Han-
nah Arnett's service to her country, whose story graphically
told, awakened the interest throughout the land which led
to the organization of the Society of the Daughters of the
American Revolution.

This chapter is composed of seventeen young women who
are keeping green the memory of the grand Rovolutionary
dame from whom it takes its name. The St. Louis Chapter
did much good work in assisting the National Society dur-
ing the Louisiana Purchase Exposition by contributing
some interesting relics of the Revolutionary period which
were exhibited in the room with the National D. A. R.
Society's collection, which was directly under the auspices
of the Smithsonian Institution, which as custodian of its
historic possessions, gave this patriotic society, on this oc-

Story of the Records 279

casion, unusual distinction and honor, which no State could
possibly bestow however anxious and willing to do so.
Socially, this St. Louis Chapter has made an impression
on the community, and its members have found over three
dozen names of Revolutionary heroes sleeping with the
pioneers of the State, and every effort is being made to get
and record each man's service to his country.
* * * *

MONTANA : This far Western State has a membership
of nearly one hundred, and the four small chapters have
held on to patriotic ideals most valiantly. During the
Spanish-American War, the chapters united their efforts
and collected 600 volumes for the American Library in
Manilla, with the commendable object of establishing an
alcove, to be named in honor of the Montana soldiers who
gave their lives for the extension of liberty. These chapters
are. Silver Bow, Butte; Ravelli, Hamilton; Ore Fino,
Helena; and Yellowstone Park Chapter, of Livingston.
Silver Bow takes its name from the stream that runs below
the city of Butte, among the rocky mountains, and forms a
silver bow as it meanders along its winding way. The busi-
ness men of the city are uniting in the effort to establish
Flag Day, as a holiday, throughout the State.

The State of Montana, fortunately or unfortunately, was
destined to be the ground over which the Constitutional ques-
tion was fought — "Whether after a State had chosen her
regent and vice State regent by her delegate or delegates,
and such choice had been presented to the D. A. R. Con-
gress, as the Constitution directs, could that choice be in-
terfered with by a delegate from any other State?"

Mrs. William McCracken, Regent, and Mrs. Walter H.
Weed, State Regent, were the contestants in what is known
as — the "Montana Matter." Mrs. Weed was a resident of
Montana for several years, and at one time was Vice Presi-
dent of the State ; after her legal residence was given up she
was chosen Vice Regent, which at that time was in accord-
ance with usage, as others were representing States under

28o Story of the Records

the same conditions. The delegate of the Fourteenth Con-
gress, from Montana, chose these women respectively to
represent the State. Congress, by a motion from a dele-
gate not from Montana, referred the matter to the Board
of Management for adjustment — this motion, in its pre-
amble, intimated that the choice was not that of the Chap-
ters of Montana as a whole. There is where the first mis-
take was made in regard to this matter, for even Congress
must abide by the law as set forth in the Constitution, and
when the subject was fully investigated, by the Board,
(probably without any vested right) it was decided tliat
the Regent and State Vice Regent had been duly elected,
according to the Constitution ; and that Congress had no
right to interfere, much less a delegate from any other state.
* * * hj

KANSAS : Topeka Chapter of Topeka ; did much relief
work during the Spanish-American War, and has also
contributed to the "Meadow Garden Farm" fund of Phila-
delphia, with the feeling that all patriotic memorial ser-
vice is as much for the remote "Daughters" to engage in
as of those on the spot. Although so far removed from all
the stirring scenes of the Revolution, these chapters have
taken up the pioneer work of preserving the site of the
Pawnee Indian village, where Lieut. Zebulon Pike, in 1806,
hauled down the flag of Spain and unfurled the flag of the
United States by order of President Jefferson. Gen. Pike
contributed much good service in pioneer days, and Fre-
mont, the first explorer to reach the highest peak of the
Rockies in 1848-49, proceeded to place the standard
there, and it, henceforth, has borne the name of "Pike's
Peak" in honor of that brave pioneers services. This chap-
ter has placed a bronze tablet in the sidewalk before old
Constitution Hall, Topeka.

This chapter also offers prizes for best essays on the
"Santa Fe Trail," in the public schools, to be called the
"Fannie G. Thompson prize," as she originated the project
adopted by the Kansas Daughters of marking the line of the

Story of the Records 281

"trail" through the State, — that road over which so many
thousands of emigrants, men, women and children followed
their way to the West, in wagons known as "Prairie
Schooners," but too often to leave their bones whitening
on the plains.

NEBRASKA : Nebraska rejoices in seven chapters and
more in prospect. The Deborah Avery Chapter, at Lincoln,
and the Omaha Capter, at Omaha, each are engaged working
on Pioneer History, some of which subjects are even older
than our Colonial History, and will be of great importance
in the archives of the State. Such subjects as the "Archae-
ology of Nebraska ;" the "Primitive People ;" the "Lewis
and Clark Exposition;" "Fort Atkison and the Fur
Traders in Nebraska ;" the "Mormons and California Gold
Seekers ;" surely a wide enough field for chapter research.

The "Daughters" in Nebraska inspired by the spirit of
investigation, and aroused by new endeavor in searching
for events in American History connected with the Louisi-
ana Purchase, of which the wide and then mystical domain
of Nebraska had been a part, they discovered one ver\' im-
portant event that had occurred upon Nebraska soil on
the banks of the Missouri river. When Lewis and
Clark led that courageous band of explorers to find what
there was in this great expanse of new territory beside the
"Sage Grass, Cactus, and Coyottes," that Daniel W^ebster
thought comprised the greatest part of that purchase ; and,
knowing that they were instructed by President Jefferson
to find the Indians wherever possible and make known to
them the new ownership of the Territory and smoke with
them the "Pipe of Peace" whenever and wherever possi-
ble,— they learned that a general council point of the vari-
ous tribes of the Missouri Valley had long been located
w^here now is the little town of Calhoun on the Missouri —
where the council fires on the surrounding blufif called the
tribes together. Therefore, the explorers as they came up
the river and neared this spot kindled council fires, and in

282 Story of the Records

answer to the signals representatives from various tribes
came together, and here the first council was held and the
first agreement made between the Americans and these
Western Indians. This Council occurred on what has al-
ways been known as "Council Bluff," August 3, 1804, four-
teen years later, the farthest Western outpost was located
at this place to hold these possessions and was garrisoned
with fifteen hundred soldiers, and called "Fort Atkinson."
As early as 1899 a few of the Daughters of the American
Revolution who had made a study of these facts, presented
to the Omaha Chapter a plan for marking the one
hundredth anniversary of the spot on which was consu-
mated one of the great events of American History. On
the banks of the Saleni River, as Lewis and Clark called it,
but now known as "Salt Creek," near Lincoln, a ten ton
boulder, brought from the north land by the glaciers of past
ages, and stranded on the plain, was unearthed and on its
sides inscribed — "Lewis-Clark 1821-1904;" underneath this
the insignia of the Daughters of the American Revolution.
On the other side was inscribed, "Placed by the Sons of
the American Revolution, and the State Historical Society
of the State of Nebraska." The great boulder was care-
fully removed from its long resting place where it had
become a veritable "Squatter Sovereign," after its long
journey through the Ages from its native home to this
historic spot, where in the presence of nearly four thou-
sand of Nebraska's citizens, this valuable landmark was
dedicated on this centennial day. Hon. John H. Mickey and
his chief of staflf. Adjutant General Culver, were present;
ex-Governors Boyd and Holcomb; United States Senator
Joseph H. Millard, and Hon. Edward Rosewater. The
Mayor and Council of Fort Calhoun, Mrs. Arion Lewis,
a descendant of Capt. Lewis, and many others occupied the
platform. By order of President Roosevelt, the United
States Government was represented by Brig. General
Theodore Wirt, and a battalion of infantry from Fort Cook,
commanded by Major George Cecil. Mrs. Abraham Allee,

Story of the Records 283

whose untiring effort had brought to a successful climax
the first combined work of the D. A. R. State organiza-
tion, presided. Mrs. S. B. Pound, of Lincoln, Chairman of
the Executive Committee, after the oration of the day, by
Hon. William S. Gurley, closed the impressive scenes, and
her address in the following words :

"The story of this rock, for the thousands of years after
it found its second home, will have to be left to the imagina-
tion. It is tempting to picture the Indian Chief and his
warriors passing it ; herds of buffalo and antelopes, grazing
around it — wolves howling near it at night, the storms that
have buffeted it, the gopher burrowing at its foot, and the
prairie lark singing perched on its top in summer. Or,
on the time the White Trappers's emigrant wagons passed
and the first settlement was made nearby at Salt Basin.
A few years more and the whistle of the locomotive was a
familiar sound ; and soon the settlement had grown to a
prosperous city. Finally, in the year 1904, the rock finds
itself an object of interest. It is examined, measured, and
approved. It is moved from its long abiding place in its
second home, and suitably graven and brought here to
perpetuate the name of the explorers, — Lewis and Clark."
"The strains of 'America' ascended from band and people
as they stood around this mute, but eloquent stone, — as
the curtain fell upon this impressive scene, and another land-
mark had been placed in the path of history."
* * * *

COLORADO : Colorado is not to be left behind when it
comes to movement along educational lines. All D. A. R.
Chapters are presumably doing some of this work. For
instance: Zebulon Pike Chapter, of Colorado Springs,
Denver Chapter, of Queen City of the West, and Arkansas
Valley Chapter, in Pueblo, are doing for the West the same
thing that their ancestors did in the early years of the Re-
public, helping to build a nation ; and no lands have earlier
rivaled the rose, in blossoming under physical and mental
cultivation, than the picturesque Commonwealth of Colo-
rado.

284 Story of the Records

The Colorado Chapter : In December, 1904, an im-
portant thing in Chapter history took place in Denver, viz, :
when eighty members of the "Daughters of the Revolution"
withdrew from that organization and began the formation
of the "Colorado Chapter," Daughters of the American
Revolution, Mrs. J. B. Grant, Regent, this was followed by
forty of the Daughters of the Revolution, in Pueblo, organ-
izing the "Pueblo Chapter," Daughters of the American
Revolution. Mrs. J. B. Ormand, Regent ; in Greely, Daugh-
ters of the Revolution, and Daughters of the Ameri-
can Revolution, with women not belonging to either
organization, formed the "Centennial Chapter," Daughters
of the American Revolution. Mrs. M. J. Hogarty, Regent.
The chapter in Oura takes the name of "Chipeta," for the
widow of Chief Oura. The Colorado Chapters were repre-
sented at the Fourteenth Congress by Mrs. J. B. Grant,
State Regent, and Mrs. John R. McNeil, delegate, who has
long and faithfuly worked to bring about this happy con-
sumation, and these ladies brought a handsome contribution
to the Continental Hall Fund. These important changes
occurred during the State Regency of Mrs. John Campbell.

The Centennial State Chapter, through its name
commemorates the admission of Colorado into the Union
(1876). The Pueblo Chapter recalls the Spanish settlers,
and by its accessions to our ranks near doubles the strength
of the Daughters of the American Revolution in that
place, where Arkansas Valley Chapter has worked faith-
fully for the past two years.

The Zebulon Pike Chapter, of Colorado Springs, is
the revered mother chapter of the State. The present chap-
ter work of the state consists largely of forming public
opinion based on patriotic foundations, and to promote
a higher grade of citizenship than prevails in some of these
Western States, where political honors too often go to the
"Hustlers," rather than to the best men of the community.

Story of the Records 285

ARIZONA : Even Arizona has its chapters, Maricopa, (an
Indian name) at Phoenix, of over a score of members. It
early showed its interest in the proper housing of the Na-
tional Society, by giving a Mary Washington Tea for the
benefit of the Memorial Hall Fund; and, as such a State
should, it offered a gold medal for prize essays to public
school children. As great oaks from little acorns grow, this
patriotic seed-corn is going to see that patriotism gets
thoroughly grounded in the public school curiculum.
* * * *

ARKANSAS: Has three chapters, Helena, Little Rock,
and Mary Fuller Percival. Arkansas somehow seems to
have had the power to attract to itself, when an "Emigrant
Boom" was on early in its history many of the survivors
of the Revolutionary War, whose bones lie bleaching in
that State and many of these graves have already been
marked by the D. A. R, Chapters.

CHAPTER XII.

[ALIFORNIA: California has but few chap-
ters. The Chapter Sequoia, of San Fran-
cisco, is a flourishing one, and early in its
history it displayed much public spirit, and
in connection with other patriotic societies
sought to perpetuate itself in some living way; so that in
1894, it planted a "Historic Arch," to be formed by a
mingling of trees and foliage from some native trees of
each of the Colonial States, in Golden Gate Park. There
was also a liberty tree planted by this chapter in the same
place. The center of the arch is a tree from Pennsylvania,
the Keystone State.

This chapter has had the nineteenth of April made a legal
holiday and it is observed as "Patriots Day;" the Sons
of the American Revolution and other patriotic societies
joining in this work to specialize the day when the first blow
for liberty was struck.

The Oakland Chapter did much good work during the
Spanish-American War in Red Cross work, as did other
chapters. But Oakland Chapter led off in this relief work
with an enrolled membership of 1236. That meant $1236
in its treasury. Truly a splendid endeavor for one chapter
to make. These members were not all chapter members,
but Red Cross workers under the direction of the chapter,
and they found plenty to do when soldiers were coming
and going to the far away islands of our new possessions
that are reached most quickly through the Golden Gate.

The Santa Ysabel Chapter, of San Jose, retains in
its name the appellation bestowed by the old Spanish padres
upon the mountains now known by the more prosaic title
of "Coast Range." This chapter has made history a study,

Story of the Records 287

a social and educational feature, since so far as known
not a single Revolutionary relic, or even Revolutionary sol-
dier's grave lies within the borders of the State. Interest
in patriotic events have been kept alive, and thus the citi-
zens of the West keep themselves united with those of the
East in the bonds of reverence for a common ancestry and
destiny.

Sequoia Chapter was the first to offer its services to
the National Red Cross Society, in the State, and one of its
members, the President of Mills College, threw open her
beautiful home for convalescent soldiers during the Span-
ish-American War.

EscHSCHOLTZiA CHAPTER, named for the California yel-
low poppy, has shown much vigor from the start, and al-
ready paid especial attention to organizing a course of His-
torical Lectures on Old California and its Missions, a most
interesting theme for study. The first Regent of this chap-
ted, of Los Angeles, w^as a woman of national reputation,
and at one time the most popular in the United States —
the late Jessie Benton Freemont.

* * * *

WASHINGTON STATE: To go far afield for an ex-
ample, we will begin with the State of Washington. This is
one of the newer stars added to the flag which cannot boast
of many chapters, or of Revolutionary data, although it
is a State enriched with considerable pioneer history of inter-
est. But, since the descendants of Revolutionary patriots go
everywhere on this broad continent, to plant institutions
and homes, they carry their historic inheritance with them,
and wherever the women are of such "stock, you will be sure
to find a chapter of the Daughters of the American Revo-
lution." The spirit of this Patriotic Society has found its
way to remotest places, and is a good sign that American
ideas and institutions are to be perpetuated.

There are several chapters of the D. A. R. in the State of
Washington, — The Esther Reed Chapter, of Spokane, is

288 Story of the Records

founded upon a name that richly deserves recognition.
Why ? Because it is a bright illustration of what one woman
can do for a "Cause," when she once sets her hand to
the plow. In the spring of 1780, when the destitution of
the Continental Army was so great that even Washington
had fears that it would be forced to disband, the women of
Philadelphia organized for relief under the leadership of
Esther Reed, and communications were addressed to the
women of other Colonies, asking and urging their co-
operation. Esther de Bradt Reed was chosen president of
the society and gave herself unsparingly to the work. Ma-
terial was purchased through contributions of the women
members, and their jewels and trinkets were sacrificed to
raise funds. Two thousand and two hundred shirts were
made for the soldiers, and on the Fourth of July, 1780,
Esther Reed wrote to Washington that the subscription
fund that they had raised amounted to two hundred thou-
sand, five hundred and eighty dollars ($200,580), making
the whole amount in paper money, three hundred thousand,
three hundred and thirty-four dollars. What a splendid
work for those days when everybody was comparatively
poor! Early in September of this year (1780), Esther
Reed died from the effects of her unremitting labors, and
as heroically for her country, as though she had fallen on
the field of battle. And so thought the good men of Phila-
delphia, for when her death was made known, the Council
and Assembly of Pennsylvania adjourned as a mark of re-
spect to this woman who had accomplished so much at such
a price, and in honor of her "exalted virtues." With such a
model ever before them, this chapter of Spokane cannot
fail to respond to every patriotic call from their Country.

The Tacoma Chapter chose as its patron saint, the
mother of Washington, Mary Ball. In 1899, it dedicated
a beautiful memorial to Narcissa Whitman, the first while
woman to found a Christian home in the State, — a pioneer
teacher and a missionary to the Indians, by whom she and

NARCISSUS WHITMAN FDTNTAIN.

Story of the Records 289

her brave husband, Marcus Whitman, were murdered. This
is the Marcus Whitman who made the famous ride to
Washington, our Capitol, that saved Oregon to the United
States.

The women belonging to the chapters in the State of
Washington recognize it as an important duty for a D. A.
R. Chapter to mark every significant event in" pioneer life,
as of equal importance with Revolutionary^ History.

The Narcissus Memorial is in the form of a beautiful and
most artistic drinking fountain for children, and is situated
in Wright Park, the most central in the city. The pedestal
is of bronze in a bold conventional design, and is surmount-
ed by the beautiful figure of Mrs. Whitman. On the face
of it is this inscription :

"Erected under the auspices of the Mary Ball Chapter,

D. A. R.

As a Memorial to Narcissa Prentis Whitman,

A Pioneer Teacher, A Christian Martyr,

Massacred by the Indians, Wallaaper, Washington,

Nov. 29, 1847."

Her last prayer was for the children she had taught and

loved. On a similar panel on the opposite side are these

words :

"Erected A. D. 1899, Contributions from School Children,
S. A. R., D. A. R., and Park Commissioner of Tacoma."

At the dedication of this memorial the Indian band of
twenty members from the State School of Indians took part
in the exercises. They were descendants of those who per-
petrated the massacre, and this feature was unique and most
expressive of changed conditions.

The Washington Chapter ; of the State of Washing-
ton claims the privilege of placing the first portrait of the
first President of the United States in Continental Hall.

19

290 Story of the Records

This chapter had one "Real Daughter," Mrs. Rebecca Tyle,
who lived to the remarkable age of 94 years. The Lady
Sterling Chapter, of Seattle, has done a good work in
marking, with a boulder of native granite, the battle of
Seattle, fought in 1856, when the United States sloop of
war, the Decatur, saved the little village from annihilation
by the Indians.

The youngest chapter is named Sacajawea, at Olympia,
in honor of the brave Indian woman, who by her familiarity
with the mountain passes and her acquaintance with the
tribes along the trails, materially assisted Lewis and Qark
in their perilous expedition.

All the chapters of this State are contributing generously
to a monument fund for the erection of a statue of General
Washington, on the Campus of the State University at
Seattle.

* * * *

Rainier Chapter ; of Seattle, gives prizes for historical
essays by public school children, and is thus helping on the
good work, educationally. The members of this chapter
contributed to the silver service for the "Olympia," flag-
ship, commanded by Admiral Dewey, and to the Monument
of Marcus Whitman, at Walla-Walla, and contributed to
the restoration of Pohick Church in Virginia, where Wash-
ington worshipped.

Both Virginia Dare and Mary Ball Chapters, of Taco-
ma, devote their energies and funds to beautifying the
City Parks. Thus it is that the newer regions of the West
are carrying on the historic work of the older States where
our history began.

ALASKA: Still farther away in Alaska, descendants of
Revolutionary fathers and mothers have carried the light
with them and started in to organize and do some work
that shall be of lasting benefit to the world. Alaska Chap-
ter, at Sitka, has fourteen members, some of whom reside
at remote points, but wish to keep in touch with the move-

Story of the Records 291

ment, so they have joined hands with the others. Already
a library has been started and received contributions of
books from Eastern States. A prize has been offered to
public school pupils and is awarded on Washington's birth-
day. The home of the chapter is a log house built by the
Russians in 1831. Alaska Chapter has a unique work in
hand. That of erecting a memorial to Catherine Second,
in the Russian Cathedral of Sitka, who early expressed her
sympathy with the rebellious American Colonies. The
memorial, according to the usage of the Greek Church,
must take the form of a painting of St. Catherine, framed
in beaten silver. The Russian Bishop of Sitka has secured
permission from the Russian Government for the erection of
such a memorial, as the Greek Church in Sitka is a Russian
Mission, and as such under the patronage of that Govern-
ment.

According to records, about one-half of the women of
Alaska are descended from Revolutionary soldiers ; their
ancestry representing all of the thirteen original States
except two.

The D. A, R. Society of Sitka, in conjunction with the
Woman's Club, occupies one of the oldest houses in Sitka.
It stands on the site of one of the old Russian blockhouses.
The primary object of the chapter is to establish a public
library^ and considerable progress has been made.
* * * *

MINNESOTA : There are over a dozen chapters in Minne-
sota, all of them active in promoting historic studies in the
public schools, by offering prizes for historic essays on
Revolutionary subjects or characters. Colonial Chapter,
of Minneapolis, one of the largest, has pursued two lines of
endeavor. The first, has been that of giving patriotic en-
tertainments at social settlements, boys' clubs, and mother's
meetings, in connection with the Mission School, and at
the Soldier's Home. The themes selected are made as in-
teresting and as attractive as possible ; being descriptive
and personal talks, such subjects as, "Washington and

292 Story of the Records

Mount Vernon," "The Origin of Patrotic Songs," illus-
trated by singing them. Many Scandinavians have attend-
ed these lectures, and they soon learn to join in the choruses
with much satisfaction. At such entertainments one of the
members of the D. A. R. Society explains what it means
to be a Daughter of the American Revolution, and that
one of the chief objects is to teach others to be loyal to the
country; to understand its history; and to love, honor and
respect the flag at all times and places.

The second line of work is to stimulate the study of
American History among the public school children, by
offering prizes of handsome flags for the best essay on his-
tory. In reviewing chapter history^, it will be seen that D.
A. R. chapters in all the states are doing a good work in
stimulating the young to study American History, especial
pains being taken to teach the foreign population the
sources from which American Independence sprung, and
that liberty is not license, but the greatest good to the
greatest number; and that all personal rights must cease
whenever they infringe upon the rights of others.

The Daughters of Liberty Chapter; of Duluth, has
furnished a room in St. Luke's Hospital, which is evidence
that its members do not lose sight of the present needs in
contemplation of the past.

Fergus Falls Chapter ; is one which encourages historic
study in the high schools ; while the Greysolon Duluth
Chapter, of Duluth, has set itself a pleasing task, that of
furnishing a window in the Carnegie Library of the city.
A beautiful design has been prepared by Mrs. J. B. Weston,
of Duluth, and shows Duluth, the famous voyager, stand-
ing on the shore of the Wisconsin side of the beautiful
harbor. The figure suggests intense interest. In the lower
panel is found the fleur-de-lis, recalling the French origin
of the explorer. This beautiful memorial window will cost
nearly a thousand dollars, more than half of which has al-

Story of the Records 293

ready been subscribed by chapter members. The Nathan
Hale Chapter, of St. Paul, is working for a monument for
its patron saint. All the chapters in this flourishing western
state are in good condition, and were active in relief work
during the Spanish-American War, and have also con-
tributed handsomely to the Continental Hall Fund.

St. Paul's Chapter ; of St. Paul, is the largest in the
State, and has had two State Regents, Mrs. R. M, New-
port (Eliza Thompson Morgan), and Mrs. D. A. Monfort
(Mary Jane Edgerton), and the state is now honored with a
\^ice President General, Mrs. William P. Jewett (Ella
Petrie Lamb) ; whose efficient service has elsewhere been
noticed in these records, and in January, 1892, it offered the
following resolution which was sent to the Continental Con-
gress (by Mrs. George C. Squires) and was adopted with
favorable notice : — "That each year the anniversaries of the
death of our three martyred President, — Lincoln, Garfield,
and McKinley, — be celebrated on the Sunday following
that of President McKinley." St. Paul Chapter was or-
ganized thirteen years ago on October 13, with thirteen
members, and according to the superstition this ominous
beginning should have proved almost a fatality; but
in spite of it, the chapter is noted for many good works,
has waxed strong and rejoices in a membership of over
two hundred on its rolls.

Wenonah Chapter; of Winona, in conjunction with the
Sons of the American Revolution, observed with appropri-
ate ceremonies the placing of a "Marker" at the grave of
Stephen Taylor, the only Revolutionary soldier known to
have been buried in the State. Mrs. Augusta Camp Rising,
(Mrs. Franklin Rising) the State Regent, made the ad-
dress.

During the Spanish-American War, Minnesota Daugh-
ters of the American Revolution rendered most efficient
aid, and sent many comforts to the soldiers of the state,

294 Story of the Records

both when they went forth and when they returned with
their sick in need of hospital supplies. This service was
notably the work of the Colonial Chapter, of Minneapolis,
which acted as auxiliary to the Red Cross. But the work
for the living soldiers of the Spanish War had scarcely
closed when the local disturbance with the Indians at Leech
Lake, called for the tribute of flowers for the dead who so
gallantly paid the penalty of other men's blunders.

Distaff Chapter; of St. Paul, during the Spanish-
American War, did not confine its efforts and sympathies to
our boys "in Khaki ;" for their first work was to make gar-
ments for the destitute women and children of Cuba, and
a set of hospital flags which were presented to the regi-
ments encamped near the city. These contributions are
mentioned as unique offerings in the cause of patriotism,
yet this chapter's efforts were not exhausted on these de-
mands, for, with others throughout the state, they made
the usual supply of night-shirts, comfort bags, and deli-
cacies for the absent ones. This chapter has purchased a
handsome flag for the West End Reading Room, that for-
eigners who congregate there may have it as a daily object
lesson, ever waving before and over them in lines of beauty..

Minneapolis Chapter ; of Minneapolis, has furnished
a room in the "Jones-Harrison Home for Old Ladies," as a.
memorial of their only "Real Daughter," Mrs. Nancy Eliz-
abeth McDonald. To stimulate interest and research Monu-
ment Chapter offered prizes for the two best letters writ-
ten by pupils of the Eighth Grade Public School, stating
their choice of a patriotic hero, to be honored by a monu-
ment somewhere in the city limits.

All of the chapters of the Northwest did more or less-.
effective work in relief associations during the Spanish-
American War, and all have made contributions to Contin--
ental Hall, the home of the National Society.

The chapters of this region began in the ver}^ beginning-
of their work to build up a respect for the American flag,.

Story of the Records 2g^

co-operating with other patriotic societies to secure from
the State Board of Education (1894-1895), the proper
authority to raise the American flag, over all school build-
ings during school hours, a custom that is now almost
universal throughout the United States, and wherever we
have public schools in our newer possessions. Several
patriotic societies claim the initiative of this movement,
but the truth is, it was one of those finer impulses which
possess many minds at about the same time, as genius is
said to do when directed to inventions. Such an "idea"
might well be shared by many since it does credit to all
who helped to stir up public sentiment ; and later to pre-
vent its being used for advertising purposes. The St.
Paul Chapter of Minnesota went still further, petitioning
the State Legislature to prohibit the raising of any foreign
flags on any public buildings.

IOWA: Within the State of Iowa over thirty chapters
have been organized, all of them make it a part of their
business life to become intimately acquainted with the his-
tory of the American Revolution and of the state. They
have interwoven this thought in the selection of the chapter
names, such as, for instance : — the Abigail Adams, of Des
Moines : Clinton, of Dubuque ; Council Bluff, of Council
Bluff ; Keokuk, of Keokuk ; De Shon, of Boone, which has
furnished a room in the local hospital — the Eleanor Moore —
which it maintains.

Francis Shaw Chapter; of Anamosa, has done credit-
able things in completing and opening a library building,
costing $11,000 (eleven thousand). Cedar Falls, of Cedar
Falls, Elizabeth Ross, of Ottumwa, named for the maker
of the American Flag; Martha Jefferson, of Manchester,
and Martha Washington, of Sioux City, and Penelope Van
Princes, of Independence, weave in the traditional feminine
strands that bind together so many historic incidents of the
Colonial and Revolutionan/ period ; while the Mayflower,
of Red Oak; the Pilgrim, of Iowa City; the Spinning

296 Story of the Records

Wheel, of Marshalltown ; Stars and Stripes, of Burlington ;
Waterloo, of Waterloo ; Okamanpado, of Estherville ; and
Nehemiah Letts, were all named for persons, places, or
things connected with the State or foundation of the Nation.

Recently, quite a number of graves of Revolutionary sol-
diers have been identified at various points in the state and
marked ; while that of Charles Shepard, a soldier pioneer,
near Mount Pleasant, has had quite a distinction, as an
appropriation of $500 for a monument for him was secured
from the State Legislature by the "Daughters" of the state,
led by the Abigail Adams Chapter, of Des Moines. The
money was expended under the direction of McFarland
Post, Grand Army of the Republic, of Mount Pleasant,
thus exemplifying the utility and beauty of patriotic socie-
ties working in harmony for those objects which make a
mutual appeal to their patriotism.

* * * *

MICHIGAN : The chapters of the "Badger State" are com-
posed of the descendants of the American Revolution, who
have cherished its lessons and traditions, since they have
no battlefields or other places in the State connected with
that era to memorialize. The Michigan chapters have kept
in touch with chapter work elsewhere. For instance : The
Ann Arbor Chapter, of Ann Arbor, contributed hand-
somely to the restoration of Pohick Church in Virginia, and
the Le Salle Monument to be erected by the Algonquin
Chapter at St. Joseph, Missouri; and other chapters have
aided in the purchase of the "Betsey Ross House" at Phila-
delphia.

The Committee on "Burial Places" have located and
marked the graves of four Revolutionary soldiers, and one
woman, Sarah Nelson Terhune, who well deserves that her
last resting place should be thus honored. The wife of John
Terhune demonstrated her patriotism in a signal manner.
This patriotic woman walked eight miles over lone country
roads to warn the Americans of the approach of the British,
who had encamped at nightfall on her father's farm at

Story of the Records 297

Hackensack, New York, and this walk was taken in the
night with only the stars over head to guide or lighten the
way. She died August 27, 1850, aged 88 years, after sharing
with her husband the hardships and trials of a pioneer life
in this state and home of their adoption. She, with her
husband, is buried at Carpenter's Corners, Pittsfield County,
Michigan.

The Ann Arbor Chapter has suffered a great loss in
the death of its first Regent, Mrs. Sarah Caswell Angell.
By a unanimous vote, a petition has been sent to the Na-
tional Board, asking the privilege of changing the Chap-
ter's name, in memory of their beloved first Regent, so
that it shall hereafter be known as the "Sarah Caswell An-
gell Chapter."

Louisa St. Clair Chapter; the first organized in the
state, has put a broad construction on the word "Patriotic."
They have established a social settlement in one of the
foreign districts of Detroit. They have visited the Woman's
Club regularly, giving simple talks on patriotic subjects,
often illustrated by pictures, music, and relics pertaining
to the subject under discussion; they have given lectures
to the women in the foreign settlements, upon our country,
our government, national and local history, and information
that would tend to assist them in bringing up their children
to be law-abiding, self-respecting Americans, a credit to their
parents and useful members of the community. With an
influx of one million foreigners, annually, this is much
needed work, and the work of the chapters throughout the
country in this direction is to be highly commended.

The birthday of the National Flag was celebrated June
14, 1904. and was the occasion of a notable ceremony by
the "Daughters" of Michigan, at Belle Isle, in the planting
if the little Osage Orange Liberty Tree, which sprang from
the seed planted at the ground breaking of Memorial Con-
tinental Hall, and the trees distributed through the State
Regents to the state. Following impressive ceremonies,

298 Story of the Records

Mrs. W. J. Chittenden, State Regent, surrounded by the
"Daughters" and "Children," placed the tree in the soil
where it is hoped it will thrive for many years. Mrs. Ar-
thur M. Parker, Regent of the Louisa St. Qair Chapter,
gave a stirring address. In closing she said, "May this
little tree blossom and spread until it becomes as immortal
as the "Laurel" of victory, and the "Olive branch of peace."
The singing of "America" closed the interesting ceremonies.
* * * *

WISCONSIN : Wisconsin has about a dozen chapters, all
very much interested in all the good works, that make their
appeal to patriotic societies, and the Milwaukee Chapter
claims to have started the agitation throughout the States,
which has resulted in the passage of laws in several states
against the desecration of the National Flag, although the
Congress of the United States has not yet seen fit to pass
such a bill. The chapter began a campaign in favor of
Senate Bill 3174 Fifty-fifth Congress, second session, and
has kept at it ever since, making progress slowly, but still
not discouraged, because making progress.

In the early days of this Society, we remember these
earnest workers from Wisconsin, to whom the organization
owes much for their invaluable assistance, — Mrs. John Mit-
chell and Mrs. James Sidney Peck.

Havinr gone over hastily, because we must, some ten
of the States of the Northwest, giving brief histories of
Chapter work, enough has been given to show that work,
like seed of certain winged species of plants and trees, — the
good seed of National history, the history of the Revolu-
tionary period, and of the fathers and mothers who were the
moving figurca in that grand day of small beginnings, but
of great results, — have been carried from the East, South,
and Colonial States, wherever new states have been founded
and have blossomed into stars shining on our "Banner ;"
there the good work of patriotic women has gone, and is
bearing fruit. No one need despair of this Republic so long
as there are women who are religiously cherishing the
"ideals" that have built this progressive Nation.

CHAPTER XIII.

EXAS : The first report from Texas ^iven by
the State Regent, Mrs. Florence Anderson
Clark, was at the fifth Continental Congress,
February i8, 1896. In it she said, "As soon
as notified of my appointment, I endorsed for
reappointments the chapter Regents at Galveston and Deni-
son, and by happy inspiration nominated as Regent for Dal-
las, Mrs. Cornelia Jamison Henry." In her report of 1898,
Mrs. Clark said, "When I was appointed to the State Re-
gent's position, there were three members of the Daughters
of the American Revolution in Texas, one in Galveston,
one in Denison, and one in El Paso, and they were separated
by prairie and mountains from five hundred to nearly a
thousand miles. I have overcome these distances, by the aid
of the United States mail, and the stream of missives from
the Regent's office has been like the flutter of white wings
about a dovecote in the Spring."

The Regent might have been encouraged with one other
name, — that of Mrs. Aurelia Hadley Mohl, of Houston,
Texas, who was in Washington at the time of the organiza-
tion of the society, October 11, 1890, and her name is en-
rolled among the eighteen on the autograph list (see plate).
We must pay tribute to the great leader of liberty in
Texas, — Sam Houston ; bom near Lexington, Virginia, a
son of a Revolutionary soldier — and a mother who had the
fortitude and courage to emigate with her six sons and
three daughters over the mountains into Tennessee in the
early days. We do not marvel that after all the vicissitudes
of struggle for an education and a livelihood, of his enlist-
ment as a soldier, in the War of 1812, we find him an Adju-
tant General of his own state, and in 1821 a Representa-
tive in Congress, and in 1827. Governor of Tennessee.
When a lad he read Pope's translation of the Illiad until

300 Story of the Records

he could repeat it by heart. He wanted to study Greek and
Latin, but was refused by his schoolmaster, upon which he
left school. Later, he resigned his commission in the army
to study law. He was married in January, 1829, and for
reasons unknown to the public, he was strangely separated
from his wife. He left Tennessee and went to Arkansas, and
became a f rien 1 to the Cherokees, and by official act of the
ruling chiefs, h^ was formally admitted to all the rights
and privileges of the Cherokee Nation. In 1832, he went to
Texas, where a Revolutionary movement was organizing
against the Mexican Government ; and he soon became
Commander-in-Chief of the Texan Army.

After the declaration of the independence of Texas, he re-
signed his command, and was immediately re-elected Com-
mander-in-Chief of the New Republic. All know of the
surrender of Santa Anna to Houston at San Jacinto, and
of the treaty that secured the independence of Texas.
Houston was then elected President of the New Republic,
and it was Sam Houston who took the preliminary steps for
the great measure of annexation to the United States.
Texas became one of the States of the Union in 1845, and
Sam Houston and Thomas J. Rusk were the first Senators
sent to Washington. We do know that this marvelous
man, the son of a Revolutionary soldier, planted the seed
of patriotism that has taken such deep root; and that the
"Daughters" of this noble State have arisen and organized
to immortalize the names of the great men and women who
are adding luster yearly to its name.

Miss Julia Washington Fontain was Regent, very appro-
priately, of the George Washington Chapter of Galveston,
as she was a great niece of George Washington. The first
work of the State was the raising of funds by this
chapter for the endowment of a Chair of History at the
University of Texas. Her report were filled with accounts
of patriotic work performed by the chapter.

The last report of the lamented Mrs. John Lane Henry
was completed by Mrs. S. W. Sydnor, the newly elected

Story of t Ji e Records 301

Regent, who speaks tenderly and lovingly of the work of
the twelve chapters of Texas, especially has she dwelt on
the enthusiastic work for Continental Hall. The first Con-
tinental Hall entertainment given in Texas was by the
Weatherford Chapter on Flag Day, 1903 ; it was also the
first time Flag Day was celebrated in the State. We can see
that it is enthusiasm that tells, not alone numbers, and we
will predict that there will always be a ready hand to help in
the "Lone Star State."

* * * *

LOUISIANA: The chapter with the suggestive name of
"Spirit of '76," of New Orleans, is not large, but is very
active in patriotic deeds. Hence, during the Spanish-
American War, it sent many boxes of supplies to Tampa,
Florida, and to Cuba. There was no lack of this patriotic
feeling in any section of the South during that brief struggle
of this Nation, to get rid of "intolerable conditions," and to
hold up the hands of a people striving for freedom, in our
immediate neighborhood. It was this New Orleans Chapter
which began the movement to collect a "Library of History,"
as an annex to the "Harvard Library." And also oflfered
medals to pupils of the high schools for the best essays on
Revolutionary history.

NEW MEXICO : There are but two active chapters in this
State, — Sunshine, at Santa Fe, and the Jacob Bennet, at
Silver City. Sunshine Chapter was the first to be formed
in the Southwest, and its members made strenuous efforts
to secure as many as possible into the ranks of the Society,
and to promote the ideas that it stands for. A study of
Donephan's History of New Mexico has been a part of
regular chapter work. On August 12, 1903, a large
and handsome reception was tendered the daughters of
General Stephen W. Kearney, — Mrs. Western Bascom of
St. Louis, — who, as a General in the United States Army,
on the 19th of August, 1846, took peaceable possession of
New Mexico.

On August 19, 1904, Sunshine Chapter erected an-

302 Story of the Records

other monument. This time it was placed in the heart
of the old Spanish town of Santa Fe, in the plaza where,
on that day, fifty-five years before, General Kearney read
the proclamation of annexation to the United States, and
the Mexican officers, priests, alcades, and others took the
oath of allegiance. The following inscription is on the monu-
ment:

"In this plaza, General Stephen W. Kearney, U. S. A,,
proclaimed the peaceable annexation of New Mexico, Aug.
19, 1846."

On the face of the stone is inscribed these extracts from
the Proclamation :

"We came as friends to make you part of the Republic
of the United States.

"In our government all men are equal.

"Every man has a right to serve God according to his
heart.

"Erected by the Sunshine Chapter, D. A. R., 1901."

On the 21 of the same month, Mrs. Bascom, through
the mediumship of Sunshine Chapter, presented a handsome
portrait of her father to the Historical Society of New
Mexico. Ex-Governor L. Bradford Prince, who is a mem-
ber of the Mayflower Society and the Cincinnati, also of
the Sons of the American Revolution, is president of the
Historical Society of New Mexico, and accepted the paint-
ing for the Society. Addresses were made by several men
who had served under General Kearney. While this is not
strictly Revolutionary work, it is along that line, since every
historic incident or character identified with our National
growth is a worthy subject for loyal citizens to commemo-
rate and duly celebrate in some form.

Sunshine Chapter is making an effort to obtain the old
"Garita" or guard-house, situated on the hill leading to old
Fort Marcy. It is believed to be one of the few Spanish
forts left in the country, and was used by three govern-

Story of the Records 303

ments, — Spanish, Mexican, and American. When it is re-
stored it will be used as a chapter house, and a depository
of historic reHcs.

Active measures are being taken to mark the terminus
of the "Santa Fe Trail," by the erection of a stone arch.
So that the members of the Sunshine Chapter feel that it
has made its presence felt in the community. The "Rough
Riders," from this vicinity, of President Roosevelt's regi-
ment, when they were mustered out at the close of the
Spanish-American War, were given medals, one to each
soldier.

Jacob Bennett Chapter, of Silver City, was organized
on the birthday of its patron saint. It celebrates Flag Day,
Peace Day, Washington's birthday, and Independence Day
impartially ; and business and social meetings have been
held on alternate weeks with great success. An old log
cabin of one of the early settlers was purchased by the
chapter, and fitted up as a Chapter House. Mrs. L. Brad-
ford Prince, has been the able State Regent since the state
was organized. She is a member of Sunshine Chapter.

ALABAMA: The Alabama chapters presented a silver
"Loving Cup" to the Battleship Alabama, when she was
launched.

It is of interest to know that "Light Horse" Harry Lee's
body found a resting place at Dungeness, Cumberland
Island, off the Georgia coast, and it was the Regent of
"Light Horse Harry Lee Chapter," of Alabama, who, some
years ago, discovered the spot where he lies. The plain stone
slab bears an inscription as follows :

"Sacred

To the memory of

Gen. Harrv Lee,

of '

Virginia.

Obitt— 25 :\Iarch

1818— Aet. 6zr

304 Story of the Records

The chapters of this state have erected a pyramidal mon-
ument to mark the battle of Talladega, as a memorial to the
brave soldiers who fell in that engagement with savages.
There has, also, been an effort made throughout the state
for securing the names of "Real Daughters," and to mark
all the graves of Revolutionary soldiers lying within the
state boundaries.

In presenting this work, genealogical and historical ar-
ticles were published in the Montgomery Advertiser, and
much interest awakened thereby, and through this avenue
many persons have secured valuable data in establishing
faimly records.

There is a large chapter at Burmingham, the General
Sumter, and as might well be expected of such an enter-
prising place, as this iron manufactoring city of the South,
the chapter partakes of the same spirit, and devotes its
energies to promoting civic conditions consistent with the
highest American ideals, based upon historic conditions.

There is the Mobile Chapter of Mobile; the Peter For-
ney, of Montgomery, besides several smaller ones in the
state, all engaged in marking the graves of Revolutionary
soldiers ; and all contributed to the Talladega Monument,
and are loyally exerting a good influence in their several
locations.

* * * *

MISSISSIPPI ; Mississippi has but few chapters, the most
important being the Natchez Chapter of the city of Natchez,
the members of which, for two summers, were driven from
their homes by floods or yellow fever, and in consequence,
the work of the chapter has been along the line of present
needs, rather than held up as a beacon light shed on the
past. Under the able guidance of the State Regent, Miss
Alice Quitman Lovell, the good work has been kept alive in
the State, and she has through the years come up to the
Congresses with renewed energy, and always rendered effi-
cient service to the Cause.

Holly Springs and Ralph Humphries are more recent

Story of the Records 305

organizations. These chapters have made a specialty of
social features, and tried to stimulate the pride and ambition
of the young, by offering historic prizes to the best essayist
on Revolutionary history, in the public schools. These
prizes consisted of a set of histories to the successful pupil,
as being of more lasting value than a medal.

;|: * * *

NORTH DAKOTA : These two States of Dakota have
but one chapter each, William Mason Chapter of Fargo, and
Hot Springs Chapter of Hot Springs. During the Spanish-
American War the William Mason Chapter worked with the
local branch of the Red Cross. This organization sent one
nurse to Manilla, paying for her outfit, traveling expenses
and salary. Large amounts of hospital and general comfort
supplies for the soldiers were raised under the leadership
of Mrs. Francis C. Holley, but just as the work was well
under way a disastrous fire occurred at Bismarck, destroy-
ing the leading business houses of the city, and among them
the building containing all this material prepared by the
ladies of the D. A. R. The loss was irreparable and all
efforts had to be devoted to home demands, and no further
work could be attempted under such a general misfortune
to the community.

* * * *

SOUTH DAKOTA : South Dakota has its "one chapter at
large" embracing on its rolls members scattered throughout
the State, who yet wished to identify themselves with this
patriotic society, and it is known as "Hot Springs Chapter.*'
This scattered membership has prevented any concerted
work for either war or peace. They have actively opposed
desecration of the flag or using it for advertising purposes.
A beautiful room in the famous Wind Cave has been fur-
nished by members of this "Chapter at large."

* * * *

FLORIDA : Members of the Jacksonville Chapter, during
the Spanish-American War, forseeing that their nearness
to the scenes of action would probably make their services

3o6 Story of the Records

not only acceptable, but necessary, prepared for emergen-
cies by taking a course of lectures on the care of the wound-
ed and proper diet for the sick. This chapter and Maria
Jefferson, of St. Augustine, are united in raising funds to
restore the gates of the picturesque old town of St. Augus-
tine. A woman's auxiliary met weekly during the war
period to sew for the soldiers, and when the troops went
to Tampa, goods in store were sent to the Florida "Boys"
every week ; but when 20,000 were camped within the city
limits, the ladies found all they could do at home. Sheets,
pillow cases, night-shirts, wines, jellies, soups, flowers,
books, comforts or conveniences of various kinds found
their way into the precincts of the camp where they were
most gratefully received.

CHAPTER XIV.

THE ISLANDS OF THE SEA.

HE Islands of the Sea have offered wanderers
from home, who have found a residence in
these far away places, an opportunity to express
their national feelings through forming a chap-
ter by becoming members-at-large. Hawaii
has one such ; for instance. Aloha Chapter, which has over
two dozen members enrolled. These "Daughters" were
present in a body when the island was transferred to the
United States. And when the American troops land there,
going and coming from the Philippines, everything is done
by these American women to make "Our Boys" feel that
they are among friends, and every comfort and attention
of which they may stand in need is bestowed upon them.

There is a chapter in Japan, and one represented in Paris,
by a descendant of Lafayette. There is, also, a chapter in
Johannesburg, South Africa ; and chapter members are scat-
tered over the world, namely, in England, Egypt, Porto Rico,
Philippine Islands, Cuba, and Spain. Thus it appears that
American ideas are on the march and that wherever a
Daughter of the American Revolution goes, there goes with
her something representative of high American ideals.

And this brings us to the end of our record of Chapter
Work, and yet not all that could be said of the splendid
record D. A. R. Chapters have made, as their excuse for
being, something had to be left out, and possibly the very
things that ought to have enriched these pages has been
unwittingly omitted. We have tried to do our best with the
mass of material that has been simply overwhelming, and
from the time we began to digest and arrange it, to the end,
our admiration for chapter work throughout our country
has been constantly on the increase.

3o8 Story of the Records

Among the many patriotic societies, of which there are
so many grand ones in the country, none can show more
extensive efforts to disseminate pure American ideals, based
upon history, than this unique organization of which we
have attempted to give an idea through these necessarily
abbreviated records.

All the officers of the society must come and go, but be
it remembered that the Chapters are the foundation stones
upon which the noble structure stands ; and that the Daugh-
ters of the American Revolution, while not "worshipping
their ancestors," do, and always will, aspire to give them all
due reverence and honor.

AN -ARMY OF T\V(

CHAPTER XV.

THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF THE CHILDREN OF THE AMERICAN
REVOLUTION.

N 1895, ]\^,rs. Daniel Lothrop (Harriett M.)
of Massachusetts, conceived the idea of es-
tabhshing a graft upon the parent Society,
Daughters of the American Revolution,
through a Children's Auxiliary, to be known
as the "National Society of the Children of the American
Revolution," to which boys and girls were alike eligible. The
Children's Society is to be regarded always as a branch of the
parent organization, and all of its by-laws and work must be
in harmony or patterned after that as a model, and the branch
society does most properly come under the jurisdiction of
the National Society. The very inception of the Children's
Society was for it to be a school of patriotism, and a feeder
of the older and larger body.

Ten years have elapsed, and those who joined in i8q5,
have now reached their majority. In some cases an entire
local Society, consequently, graduated its members ; they be-
ing either "Sons" or "Daughters." From small beginnings,
in Washington D. C, the membership, October, 1904, num-
bered 6304. A majority of the early recruits have marched
past the reviewing stand and broken ranks, and this con-
stant change makes it difificult to give exact membership.
The first branch w^as formed at Concord, May 11, 1895, ^"d
the first public meeting was held at the Old South Meeting
House of Boston, July 4, 1895. The membership dues are
fifty cents.

This Society has done much to instill historical inci-
dents into the minds of youth, to emphasize the dignity of
Flag Day. and to introduce patriotic exercises into the
public schools on such days as, — Washington's Birthday,

310 Story of the Records

Fourth of July, and the other anniversaries closely connected
with National History.

A good deal of work has been accomplished in the way
of "markers," by these young patriots. Many graves of
Revolutionary soldiers in obscure places have been located
and marked, as in Billerica, Massachusetts, where 360 Revo-
lutionary soldiers are buried, and the Children's Society had
identified 169 of these, and fresh flags and markers are
placed on each of these graves every year on Memorial
Day. Miss Frances Mabel Fairchild, and her sister, Con-
stance Neilson Fairchild, young girls in their teens, residing
in Quebec, Canada, but of Revolutionary stock, are honor-
ary members of the society, and have rendered a commend-
able service by securing permission to place a tablet within
the walls of the old prison of Quebec, over the graves of
thirteen soldiers of General Montgomery's army, killed in
the assault Pres de la ville, December 31, 1775, which reads
as follows :

"Beneath this tablet repose

the remains of thirteen soldiers of

General Montgomery's Army,

Who were killed in the assault on Quebec,

Dec. 31st, 1775.

Placed to their memory by several

American Children."

A marker of the birth-place of Stephen Hempstead has
been placed on the walls of the old homestead by the society
bearing his name. He was a friend of Nathan Hale and
shared many of the perils of service for which Hale was
chosen and gave up his life. To Hempstead's keeping, Na-
than Hale confided his watch and letters when they parted.

Stephen Hempstead fought at Groton Heights, and was
one of those severely wounded who were piled into a rough
cart and rolled down the steep hill to the river. He sur-
vived the ordeal many years, but was all his life a cripple
in consequence.

Story of the Records 311

The Thomas Starr Society ; of Groton, placed a mem-
orial tablet in the Ebenezer Avery House of that place. The
Society with the picturesque name, Blue Hen's Chickens
Society of Delaware, are erecting a memorial to Lieut.
Gark Churchman, the only son of Delaware who lost his
life in the war of Cuba. Although this is not Revolutionary
historical data, it is data of footprints in "Freedom's Cause,"
and as such regarded as ligitimate.

The Porain Ripley Society, 1899, placed a tablet on
Suter's Tavern. Georgetown, D. C, as the place of General
Washington's Headquarters, while surveying the site of the
City of Washington, 1791. This tavern is at 3051 M Street.

Patty Endicott Society; of Pueblo, Colo., held its or-
ganizing meeting on May 30, 1904. It is under the guidance
of Arkansas Valley Chapter, D. A. R., and now has eight
members, with others about to enter. Their date of organi-
zation was Memorial Day, and the first work undertaken
was the decoration with flags and flowers of several graves
in Riverview Cemetery.

The heroine whom these children honor was a little maid
of Boston, II years old when Gage held sway. While she
was visiting a playmate one day the latter's father re-
ceived news which must reach Patty's father that night
without fail and unknown to the British ofificers. Hastily the
gentleman confided to the wondering child a queer and
seemingly incomprehensible message about a wheelwright
and charged her to repeat it word for word to her father
only. Then he hurried away to avoid an expected attempt
at his capture. Meanwhile the lady of the house gave the
child another message about a sleeve pattern to be cut
bias. As she started for home the lady called to her not
to forget the directions. Listening spies heard these words
and hastened to the authorities with the story that the child
had an imporant message for the colonists, and she was
arrested before reaching home. Confronted with a de-

312 Story of the Records

mand for the information she carried the truthful child
hesitated. She would not lie, nor would she betray a trust
which she felt might hazard the safety of the patriots. But
the thought of the bias sleeve pattern steadied her. This
was truly a message given her, yet its telling could harm
no one. With trembling heart, but outward composure, she
repeated slowly and distinctly every word with which the
good lady had charged her. No cross-questioning served
to make her vary the statement or add to it. She de-
clared that it was the true message and that there was no
more of it. The simple words about the bias pattern seemed
to the puzzled officer like a cipher which might relate to
arms and ammunition concealed by the patriots, and a squad
of soldiers was dispatched across country to capture these
supplies. The little girl was released and hurried home to
her anxious father. In the privacy of his study she re-
peated the queer words about the wheelwright and ex-
plained her detention. Saying only, "You were a sensible
child," her father hurried off into the darkness. Half the
night she lay awake worrying about his safety and thinking
that if she were only a boy she might have helped him.
Next morning, however, he told her that her presence of
mind had saved thousands of dollars and perhaps a thou-
sand lives, and he would not exchange her for a dozen boys.
Years afterwards, when the war was over, she found among
her father's papers a memorandum which explained the
mysterious message carried so faithfully and blindly long
ago, and understood how, though "only a girl," she had
saved the day when a boy's blunder in transposing dis-
patches had nearly cost the lives of all those concerned in a
well-laid plan to rout the British.

Some of the incidents in the lives of the heroes and
heroines for which these children's societies are named are
very interesting and some of them, possibly, but for the
search after data of what the young did in those heroic davs
would in the lapse of time been quite overlooked in search
for those of greater significance. We can only give a few
for want of space.

Story of the Records 313

The first Serg-eant, William Jasper, for whom the Society
of Seneca Falls, N. Y., is named, was an humble serg-eant
of the Second South Carolina Regiment, who, without a
thought of fear, risked his life in saving the flag during the
attack on Charleston, S. C, 1776, and gave up his life in
Savannah, Ga., for another flag cherished by his regiment
and embroidered by the hands of Mrs. Elliott, wife of the
colonel of artillery. To the boys who bear his name as a
watchword, the flag must have more than ordinary signiti-

The Cambridge Society, of Cambridge, Mass., had the
honor by special invitation of the late Admiral William
Thomas Simpson, to hold one meeting on the historic frigate
Constitution.

Rebecca Bates, the name of the society in Marshalltown,
Iowa, was the daughter of the lighthouse keeper at Scituate
Harbor. During the War of 181 2, when Rebecca was about
14 years old, a British warship appeared one afternoon off
the harbor mouth and prepared to attack the town. From
the lighthouse tower this brave little girl watched the small
boats coming in with great anxiety wishing she could do
something to ward off the invaders. Her father and the
men of the house were away on the mainland and no help
was in sight. Something must be done. Suddenly she had
got down the town drum left with her father for some
slight repairs. She seized that and putting the fife in the
hands of a little friend beside her, those two little girls crept
forth, unseen by their mother or the men on the other side
of the point, and these two little heroines started the in-
spiring tune of Yankee Doodle, blowing the fife and beat-
ing the drum as if the whole brigade were behind them.

The anxious townspeople hearing the unexpected sound
thought reinforcements must be coming from Boston for
their relief. They manned their boats, rushed boldly out
to meet the enemy shouting and firing. Surprised by this
vigorous demonstration, where no opposition had been ex-

314 Story of the Records

pected the British soldiers retreated hastily to their ships
expecting every moment to see a battalion coming round the
point. And still the wild music beat and beat, coming
nearer and nearer until the sun set, and the British ships
lifted their anchors and sailed away, — when, tradition says,
the tired little girls dropped down on the road and laughed
until they cried.

It has been suggested by some lookers-on that the time
will come when there will be no more for either Daughters
or Children of the American Revolution to do ; all graves
and places having been marked by monument, tablet, or
wayside stone. That can never be, so long as we cherish
American ideals, for these very places will have become
shrines, and those who cherish the past will find expression
for their abiding reverence and faith through annual pil-
grimages, in remembrance thereof.

THE END.

I nd

e X

Adams. Abigail (wife of John). 119.
120. 121.

Adams. Abigail, chapter Mass., 122.

Adams, Abigail, chapter Iowa, 122.

Adams, John, President U. S., 119.

Adams, Mrs. Helen Redlngton, au-
thor Chapter Sketches, 144.

Adams, Magazine, 28.

Adams, John Quincy, 120.

Adams, Patriot, Samuel, 194.

Adams, John, chapter, 132.

Adjourned meeting, Oct. 11 to Novem-
ber IS, 1890, 25.

Advisory Board Sons American Revo-
lution, 24.

Alabama, in Spanish-American Revo-
lution, 26, 61, 303.

Alaska chapter, Sitka, 254, 290.

Albermarle chiipter, 243.

Alden, Mrs. Charles H.. 60.

Alexander, Mrs., Rhode Island.

Alexander, Mrs. S. R., Penn.

Alger, Mrs. Russell, Chairman S. A.
W. Committee. 66.

Allee, Mrs. Abraham, state regent, 282.

Allen, Ethan chapter, 158.

Allen, Betty chapter, IS^.

Army and Navy chapter, 206.

American Uistory (Chair) Bernard Col-
lege, 179.

American Monthly Magazine, 48.

Angel, Mrs. Sarah Caswell (Ann Arbor
chapter named), 297.

Angers, de David, artist, 89.

Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor Chapter, 297.

Anna Baily Warner Chapter, Groton,
137.

Anna, Mother Mary, 69.

Anna Wood Elderkin Chapter, 138.

Anniversary Battle Oriskany, 172.

Annual Appropriation to Library, 59.

Annual Report to Smithsonian Insti-
tution, 51.

Annual Session, 33, 78.

Applications for nurses, 65.

Applicants for membership, 56, 57, 58,
59.

Architectural competition plans, 78.

Articles deposited in the corner stone,
81.

Arizona. 285.

Arlington nurses monument, 72, 73.

Arkansas, 285.

Arkansas Valley Chapter, 284.

Army and Navy Chapter, 206.

Arnctt, Hannah, story, 14 (chapter
St. Louis), 278.

Arnold, Benedict, 157.

A resolution never rescinded, 43.

Ashley, Samuel, chapter, 154, 155,

Ashuelot chapter, 154.

Aspenwall, Johanna, chapter, 132.

Assistance verilication jiapers, 49.

Avery, Mrs. Elroy, Ed. monthly mag-
azine, 49.

Avery, Deborah, chapter, 281.

Awarding medals, 42, 43, 44, 45.

Baltimore Chapter, 201.

Baily, Anna Warner, chapter, 138.

Baldwin, Eunice, chapter. 155.

Banner, State, Conn., 135.

Barton, Clara, Surgeon (General, 23, 39.

Ball, Mary, chapter, 290.

Bascomb, Mrs., chapter regent, 68.

Batchelder, Abigail, chapter, 132.

Battlefield. Long Island, 167.

Battle Oriskany. 174.

Bedle, Mrs. Althea Randolph, 185,
186.

Belden, Mrs. J. V. C, 175.

Belfont Chapter, 195.

Belleview Chapter, 160.

Belie, Dorcas, chapter, 238.

Bennett, Jacob, chapter, 303.

Bennington Chapter,

Beverly Manor Chapter, Staunton, 242.

Betty Washington Lewis Chapter,
Fredericksburg, 244.

Bigelow, Col. Timothy, Chapter, 124.

Blair, Mrs. Appoloni M., President
Board Lady Managers Louisiana P.
Exposition, 109.

Blount, Mrs. Henry, Insignia medal.
(Ed. Robey's) 40.

Blount. Whitmel, Chapter. 238.

Blue Hens Chickens Children's Socie-
ty, American Revolution. 311.

Blue Ridge Chapter. 242.

Board of Management (powers), 47.

Board Lady Managers Louisiana Pur.
Ex. entertain D. A. R., 95.

Bonny, Kate, chapter, 231.

Boonesborough Chapter erect monu-
ment, 247.

Boone. Rebecka Bryan, Chapter, 247.

Bryan's Station, 247.

Boudinot Chapter, 189.

Boynton, Henry V., Advisory Board,
24.

315

3i6

I n d c X

Boynton, Mrs. Henry V., (Vice-pres-
ident), 23, 24, 29, 30, 38, 74.

Bradlee, Mrs. dressed men for Bos-
ton tea party, 128.

Bradlee, Mrs. Elizabeth, Chapter, re-
gent Mrs. Frank Mixter, 128.

Brattleboro Chapter mark old Court
House, 159.

Brockett. Paul, redraws insignia, 41.

Breckenridse, Sophanlsbe P., Chair.
Insignia Com., 40, 41.

Breckenridge, Mrs. J. C, 66.

Brewer, Dorothy. Chapter. 132.

Bristol, Dr., clergyman, 81.

Bristol Chapter, 151.

Brooks, Mrs. Thomas, ceremonies at
Fort Armstrong. 270.

Brown, Mrs., Informal meeting, 21.

Brown University, Woman's College,
151.

Buffalo Chapter, 165.

Buntln Chapter, 154.

Building Fund, Woman's College, Paw-
tucket Chapter. 151.

Butte Chapter, 279.

Bunker Hill, 124, 125.

Bnntin Chapter, Pembroke, 154.

Burrows, Mrs. Julius C, President
Children's S. A. E., 96, 97.

Cabell, Mrs. Virginia E., Vice Presi-
dent General (Vice President presi-
ding), 23; adjourned meeting, Oct.
18, 1890, 25; reception Feb. 22. 1891,
26; important meeting at her house,
present 27, 30: presiding in the ab-
sence of Mrs. Harriman. 38; spirited
address on Continental Hall. 75;
telegram on laying corner stone, 83.

Cabcret, Paul E., artist. 175.

Caesar Rodney Chapter, Wilmington,
200.

Caldwell, Rev. James. Chapter, 269.

Caldwell & Co.— official jewelers, D.
A. R., 41.

California, Spanish-American War, 286.

Cambridge Chapter, Cambridge, 124,
126.

Campbell, Mrs. John, 284.

Camp Middlebrook Chapter, 191.

Card Catalogue, 55.

Carpenter, Miss .Tosiah, 153.

Carrying Place Tablet, 175.

Carrier, Mrs. N. Y., 68.

Casey, Edward, 78.

Catherine Schuyler Chapter, 166.

Cedar Falls Chapter, 295.

Caesor Rodney Cl'apter, 200.

Commander-in-Chief, Elm tree, Cam-
bridge, 124.

Centennial State Chapter, Denver. 284.

Central New York Cliapters, 172.

Centennial State Chapter, 284.

Certificates, 58.

Columbia Chapter, 206.

Committee on Medals, 42, 43.

Committee Spanish-American War, 66,

Continental Dames Chapter, D. C,
206.

Chapter ledger, 56.

Chapter medal award, Mary Washing-
ton Chapter, 211.

Chamberlain, Mrs. Amelia, 257.

Chaplain General, Mrs. Tennis Ham-
lin, 23.

Chappell, Mrs. W. G. 277.

Chapter names of Western N. Y., 166.

Chapter names in Iowa, 295.

Checks and money orders, 56.

Chemung Chapter. Elmlra. 166.

Chester County Chapter, 195.

Chicago Chapter, 268.

Chicamauga Chapter, 257.

Children of the Republic (Society),
261.

Chipeta Cliapter. Oura.

Chittenden, Mrs. W. J., State Regent,
60, 68, 298.

Church of Our Father. 33.

Churchman, Mrs. E. Clark, 200.

Cilley, Elsa, Chapter, 154.

Cincinnati Chapters, 260.

Clark, Elijah, Chapter, 220.

Clark, Mrs. Florence Anderson. 299.

Clark, Mrs. A. Howard, secretary gen-
eral, 23, 30.

Clark, Susan Carrington, Chapter, 148.

Clark. Submit, 132.

Clay. Miss. Bryan's Station. 249.

Clinton. Chapter, Dubuque, 295.

Cobb, Lydia, 132.

Cooch's Bridge Chapter, 201.

Collaterals, 31.

Collaterals proving eligibility from
other lines, 32.

Colonel Haslett Chapter, 200.

Colonial Ball, Buffalo. 166.

Colonial Chapter, Minneanolis. 291.

Colonial States printing Revolutionary
records. 46.

Continental Chapter, 206.

Colorado Chapter, 284.

Columbia Theatre, 42.

Columbia Chapter, 206, 234.

Columbia Chapter tablet, Emily Gel-
ger's ride. 234.

Congress. 1S97. 37.

Continental Chapter, 187.

Columbus Chapter. Columbns, 264.

Committee on dedication Lafayette
monument, (Chairman, Mrs. Adlal
Stevenson) : Committee on Georsla
State Records, (Chairman, Mrs. Wil-
liam Lawson Peel, Atlanta), 218,
219.

Colonial Chapter, 291.

Committee on Organization (Chairman
Mrs. Henry V. Boynton), 29.

I n d e .V

317

Comparison of first and later Con-
gresses, 34, 35.

Connecticut, I'.io.

Connecticut t'hupters organized, Mrs.
deB. R. Kelm, 135.

Concert, New York City Chapter, 71.

Conspiracy against Washington, Gen.,
194.

Constitution Chapter, D. C, 206.

Continental Chapter District Columbia,
206.

Continental Hall, 74, 7.5.

Cook, Elizabeth, Cliapter, 200.

Corbin, Margaret, 132.

Corner Stone, contents, 81.

Corrections from application papers,
56, 57, 58, 50.

Cost of putillsliing Directory, 52.

Council Bluff Chapter (and others),
295.

Council Oak Chapter, 237.

Coudin. .Mrs. Wlnthrop. 68.

Cowpens Chapter, 234.

Crosman, Mrs. J. Heron, 166.

Cranston, Blsiiop, Earl, D. D.. 77.

Credential Committee, Clialrman, 55.

Creamer, Mrs. Samuel J., 178.

Crawford Chapter, 105.

Cumberland Chapter, Nashville, 258.

Darling, Flora Adams: Overtures from
Mrs. Darling to Mrs. Lockwood re-
garding organization, 21; Mr. McDow-
ell's correspondence, 22; Vice Presi-
dent General In charge of organiza-
tions, 23; Independent methods, 28;
office declared vacant, 29; severs her
relations with D. A. R., letter to
Mrs. Harrison, 29; facslmllie letter,
29; First Chapter In Daughter of
Revolution, 29.

Daggett, Dolly, 132.

Daggett, Polly, 132.

Daggett, Sarah A., regent, 133.

Dakotas. North and South, 305.

Dare, Virginia, 235.

Darah. Lydia, outsrenerallng Howe. 132.

Darwin, Mrs. Gertrude B. Chairman
on report to Smithsonian Institu-
tion, 51.

Dalton, Miss, 277.

Daughters of Liberty Chapter, 292.

Davidson's addition to Insignia de-
sign, 41.

Davidson. Joseph K., 40.

Deaths of Army nurses S. A. W., 72,
73.

Deborah .<5anipson Chapter. 126.

Deborah .\very Chapter. Lincoln, 281.

Declaration Independence Chapter,
Pliil:ide!p»iia. 106.

Dedication Memorial Continental Hall,

Dedicatory Prayer, Mrs. Teunls Ham-
lin. 83.
Dellafield, Mrs. Wallace, 277.
Delegate Body, 30.

Delaware Chapter, Tablet Washing-
ton House, 185.
Delaware, 200.
DeMott, .Mrs. Jolm W., 267.
Denver Cliapter, Denver, 234.
Department of Organization, in charge

of Committee, 26.
Department of Work, 53.
Descendant of Lafayette, resident of

Paris, France.
De-Shon Chapter, Boone, 295.
Desha. Founder: Vice President Gen-
eral, 23; her testimony in .\meri-
can monthly magazines, 18; pro-
posed two names, 20; proposal for
Seal, 25; present at meeting October
6-7, 1891, 30; presentation Founders
medals, 44; on committee S. A. W.
named by Board, 66, 69; call by ex-
members of Hospital Corps, 72; at
laying of corner stone, 81; on the
Paris committee at the unveiling
of Lafayette monument. 99.
Detroit. Mrs. Chittenden, regent, Louisa

St. Clair Chapter, 298.
DeWolf, Airs. E. A., 277.
Dickens, Mrs. W. W., Chapter Re-
gent, met tragic death, 210.
Dickson, 111., 60, 68.
Dictionary Catalogue, 59.
Did not publish a magazine to make

money, 44.
Dillingham, Mary, Chapter, Lewllston,

162.
DImmIck, Mrs. President Harrison, 22.
District of Columbia, 204.
Direct descent necessary, 294.
Distaff Chapter, 294.
Directory, 52.
Discussion on Insignia design, 40, 41,

42.
Distaff Chapter, St. Paul, 294.
Dolliver, J. P. Senator's Address, 87.
Dolly Madison Chapter, 206.
Donegal Chapter. Lancaster, 195.
Dorcas Bell Chapter, North Carolina,

238.
Dorothy Q. Chapter, 266.
Dorsey. Ella Loralne, 69, 208.
Drake, Sarah, wife Gov. Wolcott, 136.
Draper, Mrs. Amos G., treas., 66, 132,

Earl, Mrs. William L., Vice Presi-
dent general. 23.

Eligibility, (members) 30, .'52. 33.

Elizabeth Cook Chapter, Delaware,
sent tree for "Sequoia Arch." 200.

Elizabeth Jackson Chapter, District
Columbia, 213.

3i8

Index

Ellsworth, Gov. Roger, 136.

Ellsworth Homestead, 147.

Ellsworth, Judge Oliver, 136.

Ellsworth, Abigail Wolcott. 136.

Eschscholtzia Chapter, Los Angeles,
287.

Estey, Mrs. J. J., 159.

Essex Chapter, New Jersey, 187.

Exter Chapter. 154, 155.

Eunice Baldwin Chapter, New Hamp-
shire.

Exhibition Congresses, 1S93, Chicago,

Facsimile of eighteen signers at first
meeting, Oct. 11. 1890, 22.

Fairbanljs, Cornelia Cole, election. 102;
S. A. W. Committee, 66; purchase
ground for memorial continental hall,
dedication ceremonies at laying
corner stone, address, 79; address
at dedication, 84; presentation of
portrait. 91; pre-eminent services,
90; initial movement at Mrs. Fair-
banljs' home, 91; as a public speak-
er, where educated, marriage, 91;
lineage, 91.

Falrchild. Constant Neilson, Quebec,
C. A. R., 310.

Fanning, Anna Preston, Chapter, Jow-
ets City, 148.

Federal Government honors Paul Jones'
ashes, 131.

Fergus Falls Chapter. Minnesota, 292.

Files In registrar general's office, 56,
5'., ■.^.

Fulton's, Mrs. residence. Field Hos-
pital, 287.

First Chapter organized Chicago, Mrs.
Frank Osbom, 27.

First President General, 32, 33, 34.

First State regents, 27.

First State Conference, District Co-
lumbia, 206, 207.

First portrait presented to Continental
Hall. 289.

Flag Day, Cooch's Bridge, Delaware,
201.

Flag House Chapter, Philadelphia, 196.

Flint Lock and Powder Horn Chap-
ter, 151.

Florida Chapter work. .305, 306.

Fontain, Mrs. Julia Washington, 300.
Former editors Smithsonian reports,
51.

Foote, Mary Sawyer, 42.

Fort Armstrong Chapter, Rock Island,
270.

Fort Grlswold, Groton, 137.

Fort Massachusetts Chapter, 133.
Fort Herkimer Chapter, 181.
Fort du Queue, 275.
Fort Massie, restoration. 271.

Fort Nelson Chapter, 242.

Fort Stanwis, Invasion St. Leger, 173,
174.

Founders Medals, 42.

Fontaine, Mrs. Julia Washington, re-
gent, 300.

Forney, Peter, Chapter, 304.

Foreign Lecture course, Buffalo, 124.

Franklin Folger, Ablah Chapter, 134.

Frye, Mrs. William, Vice president,
Maine 66, 163.

Frye, Hon. W., 163.

Forsyth, Miss Isabella, offers amend-
ment to Constitution, 47.

Freemont, Jessie Benton, 287.

Forseyth's hymn, at Louisiana Pur-
chase Exposition D. A. R., 110.

Foster, Hon. John W., 29.

Foster, Mrs. John W. (Mary Park),
129.

Frances Shaw Chapter, Anamosa, 295.

Frederick Chapter, 202.

Fulton, Sarah Bradlee, Chapter, 127,
128.

Fulton, John, too ill to go, wife vol-
unteered, 128, 129.

G.

Gaston. Martha, Chapter, 258.

Gannett, Benjamin, Chapter. 127.

Gaspee Chapter, Rhode Island, 150,151:

Gavel presented to Potomac Lodge, 79.

Genealogies and discrepancies, 55.

Genealogy historian and her duties, 50.

Gavel used at laying of corner stone,
79.

Geer, Judge, 76.

Geer, Mrs. Augusta Danforth Contin-
ental Hall committee, 76.

Getchell, Mrs. F. H., greeting at
dedication, 82.

General Freelinguyshe Chapter, 187.

General Sumter Chapter, Birmingham,
304.

General Mercer Chapter, Trenton, 186.

George Clynier Chapter, Tomanda, 190.

Georgia Colony, 215.

Geiger, Emily, 226, 231.

Gill, William L., brings greeting and
advice, 23, 24.

Gill, Wilson L., S. A. R., 25; draw-
ing of the seal.

Goddard, Hannah, 132.

Gold medal. District Columbia, 204.

Good work. Army and Navy Chapter,
210.

Goode, Mrs. G. Brown, successor to

Miss Breckenridge, 23, .30, 38, 41.
Goode, Dr. Brown, service to the
society, 24.

Gould, Helen, 69.

Grand Prix awarded D. A. R. S., 100.

Grant, Mrs. J. B., regent, 284.

Grave of Light Horse Harry Lee,

Great Bridge Chapter, 243.

Index

19

Greenwood Chapter, WInsted. 142.

Greeley, Mrs. A. W., elected Vice
president, 23, 38, G(i.

Green, General Natlianlel, 151, 15T,
231.

"Green Mountain Boys," Etban Al-
len, 157.

Green, Mrs. P. M., 218.

Hadden. Mrs. Leonora F. (Mrs. R. G.)
New Orleans, 301.

Hadden, Mrs. S. A. W., 68.

Hall Columbia Chapter. Dls. Col. 206.

Hale, Nathan, Memorial Chapters,
Conn., 135, and Minn. 291.

Hale, Rev. Edward Everett. D. D., 79.

Hamlin. Mrs. Teunls, Chaplain gen-
eral, 23. 33, 81.

Hampton Chapter, Hampton, 242, 243.

Hancock, Dorothy Qulncy, 121, 132.

Hands Cove Chapters, Vermont, 159,
160.

Hannah Arnett Chapter. St. Louis. 278.

Hazen, Mrs. John Cunningham. 178.

Harlem Chapter, organized and named,
28.

Harrison, Mrs., 68.

Harrisburg, Penn., Chapter, 199.

Harris, Elizabeth, author. 125.

Harrison, Carolina Scott, President
General, 92; sent her genealogy to
Mrs. Lockwood, 22; elected Presi-
dent General, 23: calls important
board meeting, 28; first Continental
Congress, 37; at first reception, 26;
Important conference, 30; date of
death, 34; took no pleasure in pub-
licity, 34; a tea at the White House,
39; Continental Hall, 75 character
sketch, 93; Huntingdon portrait, 93;
ancestry, 94.

Hatch, Mrs., S. A. W. Com., 66.

Harrison, President United States, ap-
points Mary S. Lockwood, 35.

Harrison, regent Philadelphia Chapter,

Hart, Ruth, Chapter, Meriden, 145.

Hart. Nancy, 220.

Harrison, Caroline Scott. Chapter, 266.

Harvey. Miss Margaret. 219.

Headquarters National Society, 24.

Heber Allen Chapter, Vermont. 168,

Heard. Stephen, Chapter, 224.

Henry, Dorothy, Chapter, 242.

Henry, Mrs. Kate Kearney, demands
that Mrs. Lockwood's name be add-
ed to Founders' 'list. 42, 204.

Henry, Mrs. John, 300.

Henry. Mrs. John Jane (Caroline Jam-
ison) regent Texas, 299.

Henry, Mrs. William Wirt, 28, 38.

Hentzel, Miss Susan, 241.

Hermitage Chapter. Memphis. 257.

Hodge, Mrs. O. J., Ohio regent on
Continental Hall Dedication Com.,
82.

Hogg, Mrs. Julia, (memorial Historic
prize fund) 27, 32, 38, 195, 197.

Hoopes, Major Adams, memorial.
Glean Chapter, 182.

Horton, Mrs. John Miller, 91 (pre-
sents portrait), 166.

Hospital corps, 65.

Hospitality of Mrs. Cabel, 26, 27, 37.

Hot Springs Chapter, Hot Springs, 305.

Howard, .Mrs. Emily Washington. 241.

Huntington Portrait, 94,

Hull, Elizabeth Clark Chapter, 138.

Hlchborn, Mrs. Philip, 66.

Historian General, — Mary S. Lock-
wood. 22.

Historical Arch, Golden Gate Park,
286.

Incidents Emily Geiger, 226.
Incidents following organization, 26.
Incident, Battle Long Island, 168.
Incident of the Scarlet Cloak, Faith

Trumbull, 140.
Independence Chapter, 196.
Incident of "The White Doe," 237.
Indiana Chapters, 265.
Iowa, 29.5.
Illinois, 268.
Inscription in tablet, Brooklyn Bridge,

176, 177.
Introduction to Chapter History, 15.
Invasion of Fort Stanwix, 174.
Iowa, 295.
Irondequoit Chapter, place boulder,

182.
Shelby Chapter, Kentucky, 246, and

Tenn., 250.
Island of the Sea, 307.

Jackson, Lucy, 132.

Jacksonville Chapter, 305.

Jacob Bennett Chapter, Silver City,

l&j.
Jamestown Chapter. Maine, 163, 164.
Jamestown Settlement older than

Plymouth Rock, 1G3, 164.
Janln, Miss Violet Blair, registrar,

204.
Jemsey, Mrs. Ira Sherman, 159.
Jersey City Chapter, ISO.
Jewett, Mrs. William F., Chairman

corner stone committee. 81, 293.
Johnston. Miss Elizabeth Bryant, 43,

44. 207, 211, 250.
Johnston. Mrs. Sarah E. Historian and

Con'piler of Lineage books, 50.
Jones, Jolin Paul, Chapter, Madison,

Ind, 267.

320

I n d e X

Jones, Paul, Chapter, Mass.. 130, 131.
Jonathan Dayton" Chapter, 261.
Jesseraund, Monsieur J. J., French
Ambassador, 84.

Kanesteo Chapter, erected boulder,
Hornellsvllle, 181.

Kansas, 280.

Karew, Mrs. Anna B. W., 218.

Katharine Montgomery Chapter, Dis-
trict Columbia, 206.

Keim, Mrs. deB. R., organizer, Con-
necticut, 28, 135, 82.

Kentucky, 246.

Keokuck Chapter, Keokuck, 205.

Kings Mountain, plans formed under
Council Oak, 281.

Kinney, Mrs. Sarah T., Colonial HaU
dedication ceremonies.

Kinney, Sarah T., 135, 140, 148, 82.

Knickerbocker Chapter, New York,
169.

Knott, Mrs. Leo, (member Committee
of organization) 30, 38, S3, 202.

Knox, Lucy, 132.

Konti, Izidore (artist), 180.

Kramer, Mrs. Samuel J., 177.

L.

Lady Managers Louisiana Purchase Ex-
position, 96, 97.

Lafayette Chapter. Lafayette, 266.

Laws. Miss Anna, 68.

Lecture and Bible, gift of Rhode Is-
land Chapters.

Legend on insignia D. A. R., 40.

Lee, burial place of "Light Horse
Harry," 303.

Lee, Elizabeth Blair, regent Mary
Washington Chapter, Washington,
D. C, 66, 204.

Letetia Green Stevenson Chapter,
Bloomlngton, 269.

Letts, Nehemiah Chapter, 295.

Lewis, Mrs. Margaret Lynn, Chapter,
243.

Lewis, Betty Washington, 244.

Last message of Mrs. Harrison on
Continental Hall, 76.

Loan exhibit, Mary Floyd Talmage
Chapter, 143.

Lockwood, Lillian, business manager,
49.

Lockwood, Mary S., Founder, His-
torian General, 20; letter to Wash-
ington Past, Hannah Amett, 14;
blew the first blast, 18; met Mary
Desha, 19; statement of the general
understanding, 21; urged Mrs. Har-
rison to accept the presidency, 22;
conference Oct. 6-7, 1891, 39; dele-
gate at large to World's Columbian

Exposition, 35; Resolution for mem-
orial Continental Hall, 74; edited
first Lineage book, 39; drawing of
insignia, 40: Kate Karney Henry
and others demand that Mrs. Lock-
wood's name be added to list of
Founders, 43; her pea work ante-
dated others, 43; presentation of
Founders medals, 43, 44; at Louisi-
ana Purchase Exposition, 95, 96, edit
American monthly magazine 39;
memorial building re'salution, 74;
took part in laying corner stone,
81; planted osage orange trees, 77;
edits report to Smithsonian Insti-
tution, 52.

Lothrop, Mrs. Daniel, Organizer of
Children's Society American Revolu-
tion, 72, 82, 309.

Louisiana Purchase Exposition, 28.

Louisiana Chapter in Spanish-American
War, 301.

Lucy Holcomb Chapter, D. C, 206.

Luther Chapter, 154.

Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St.
Louis, Mo., 108; Mrs. Daniel Man-
ning selected chairman board of
lady managers, 100: invitation to
D. A. E. to occupy a day, 75;
special invitations to the eighteen
■who joined Oct. 11, 1900, 75; ex-presl-
dents present, 108; other guests, 76;
Mrs. John Miller Horton, 108; day se-
lected, 108: other celebrations of D.
A. R. birthdays, 109; Mrs. Manning's
welcome, 109: address, David K.Fran-
cis, 109, 110; introductions of prer-l-
dents general Mrs. Wallace Dela-
field, 110; Mrs. Fairbanks address,
110; Greeting, Mrs. Alice Ewing,
Walker, 110; Mrs. Lockwood, chair-
man of arrangements, 110, five min-
ute speeches and reception in V.'o-
man's buildings. 111; elegant ap-
pointments, 111; reception in State
building. 111; St. Louis Daughters
D. A. R. reception to president
general. 111; good results of social
features, 112, Mrs. Mannings enter-
tains, 112; other receptions, 112.

Liberty Chapter, New Hampshire, 155.

Liberty Pole, Massachusetts, 130.

"Liberty Tree," Osage orange, 77.

Liberty Bell Chapter, AUentown, 196.

Library and national society, 60.

Lindsay, Mrs. William, presentation of
Founders' medals, 44.

Lindsay, Mrs. Eleanor Holmes, Chair-
man Medal Com., 43. 44. 78.

Lindsay, Mrs. William, Chairmon Com-
mittee of Architecture, 82.

Lineage Book, 49.

Lippitt, Charles Warren, 151.

Lipscomb, Miss .Sarah A.. 204.

Litch Gate, Fairfield, 138.

Little, Mrs. William S., 182.

Index

321

Little Rock Chapter, 285.

Louisiaua, 301.

Ix>vell, Alice Quitman, 304.

Maryland 201; Maryland line chapter,
201.

McBlalr, Miss Julia, 206, 111.

McOracken, Mrs. William 279.

McAllister, Miss Louise, 28.

McCartney, Mrs. W. H., 31. 68

McDonald, Mrs. Marshall, treasured
general, 23, 38, 74.

McDowell, William A., (descendant of
Hannah Amett), 19, 23, 24.

McGee, Dr. Anita Newcomb, Spanish-
American War, 66, 69.

McKee, Mrs. Mary, daughter of Pres-
ident Harrison, 39.

McLean, Mrs. Donald, Sixth President
General, at important conference,
31; regent New York City chapter,
71; election, 105; of good Revo-
lutionary stock, where born, mon-
ument at Fredericksburg, dedica-
tion address, 106; history yet to
make, 106; a Chapter members meet-
ings, 106; fund to complete scholar-
ship, 179.

McNeil, Mrs. John, delegate, 284.

Macon Chapter, 224.

Manor House Chapter, ■ District Ck)lum-
bla, 206.

Mell, Mrs. Patrick, 219.

Main, Mrs Charlotte Emerson, Regent
District Columbia, S3.

Main Chapters, 161.

Maryland Line Chapter, 202.

Molton, Mary, 132.

Mary Washington Colonial Chapter,
New York, 176.

Mary Washington Chapter, District Co-
lumbia, 204.

Massachusetts Chapters, 119.

Massic Fort, 271.

Massury, Mrs. dedication, 82.

Mawivenawasigh Chapter, 181.

Manning, Mrs. Daniel; Fourth Presi-
dent General, 97; Chairman Hospi-
tal Corps Com., 66: Address at D.
A. R. Congress, 69, 70; character
sketch, 97; special appointment by
President McKinley, 98; Paris Ex-
position, D. A. R. at presentation of
statue of Washington; appoints
Committee to represent D. A. R.
Society, 98, 99; ceremonies at La-
fayette statue unveiling, Paris, 99;
representafive Amer<ican woman,
100; loving cup, 101; Louisiana
purchase exposition, 100; birth, an-
cestry, 101, 102.
Murray Jfary, 168.
Mary Dillingham Chapter, 162.

Mary Washington Chapter, Mansfield,
206.

Mary Washington Colonial CUiapter,
176.

Maryland Chapters, 201.

Martlia Washington Chapter, D. C,
200.

Martha Washington tablet placed in
Uugenot church by New York City
Chapter, 179.

Margery Sullivan Chapter, Dover, 15G.

Marion Esther Cliapter, 231.

Massachusetts Chapter history, 119.

Massie, Nathaniel Chapter, 261.

Medford- (town), 128.

Melzingah Chapter, 181.

Meadow Garden, purchased, 224.

Melzlnga Chapter, FishklU tablet, 181.

Mariana Mother, 69.

Marion Danforth, Illustrated lecture.
Dr. Anita McGee, 213.

Mary Dillingham Chapter, Lewiston,
162.

Masons in charge, 78, 79.

Mathes, Mrs. Mildred .Spotswood, State
regent, 253.

Martha Pltlns Chapter, Ohio, 259.

Meeting of National Board 1898, 65.

Mecklenburg Chapter, 238.

Mell, Mrs. P. H., 308.

Membership 1897.

Members of Spanish^iAmerican War
Fund Committee, 71.

Memorial Continental Hall, 74.

Mendez, Rev. Dr. H. P., S4.
Merion Chapter, Philadelphia, 196.

Mills, Mary Gill, 232.
Michigan, 296.
Minton, Mrs. New York.
Minnesota, Spanish-American-War, 291.
Minute Men, 26.
Minneapolis Chapter, 294.
Minton, Mrs., 42.
Miller, Miss, Virginia, 204.
Miriam Danforth Chapter, District Co-
lumbia, 213.
Missouri, 277.
Mississippi Chapters, 304.
Militia Service Oath, 188.
Minnesota, 291.
Missouri, 277.

Mitchell, Mrs. John, 77, 298.
Mother of "16 Pennsylvania and 2d

Wisconsin", 233, 234.
Mohawk Chapter, 181.
Mother of a Patriot clause, 30, 32.
"Mother Bailey", 137,
Mobile Chapter, 304.
Molly Reid Chapter, Derby, mark Gen-
eral Starks' birthplace, 155.
Molly Starke, 152.
Moline Chapter, 269.
Mohl, Mrs. Aurelia Hadley, Houston,

299.
Mohawk Chapter, 167.
Monument Charles Shephard, 296.

322

Index

Monmouth Chapter, Red Bank, 185.
Monument, Paulus Hook, 185.
Mount Vernon Chapter, 241.
Monument, Narcissa Whitman, Taco-

ma, 289.
Mott, Rebecca. 70, 226, 2.33.
Montpelier Chapter, Orange, 24J.
Montana, 279.
Montine Chapter, 237.
Montfort, Mrs. D. A., (Mary Jane Ed-

gerton) State regent, 291.
Mussey, Mrs. Ellen Spencer, 205.
Murray, Mary's, successful strategy,

168, 169.
Munion, Mrs. Pennsylvania, 68.
Murray Hill, 108.
Murphy, Mrs. John A., Founder of

" Children of the Republic ", 72,

82, 261.
Muster Rolls discovered, 175.

Nancy Hart, history by Mrs. Julia

L. Brown, 220 to 222.
Nathaniel Maurice Chapter, Chilicothe,

261.
Naragansett Chapter, contribution, 151.
Nash, Mrs. Frances S. director War

Com., 66, 69.
Nathan Hale Memorial Chapter, 149.
Natchez Chapter, 304.
National Society organized, 13, 22,

23.
National Society branches. Children

American Revolution, 135 and 309.
Nebraska, 281.

New Connecticut Chapter, 263.
New Hampshire, 152.
New Jersey, 184.
New Mexico, 301.
New York Chapters, 26, 165.
New York Chapters with Indian

names, 176.
New York City Chapter, Mrs. Donald

McLean regent, 28.
New York City Chapter complete the

McLean scholarship, 179.
New York City Chapter place monu-
ment, 233.
Newport, Mrs. R. M. Morgan State

regent, (Eliza Thompson), 291.
Norton, Mrs. Mary Gratz, Bryan

Station, 249.
North Shore Chapter, 269.
North Carolina, 235.
North Dakota, 305.
Nurses Association, 72 (Monument)

Oakland Chapter, Oakland, 286.
Objects of Work, Pennsylvania Chap-
ters, 194, 195.

Official Organ, Adams* magazine, 28.
Officers. Mary Washington Chapter,

District Columbia, 204.
Office of Treasurer General, 48.
Ohio Chapters in Spanish-American

War, 261.
Ohio, 259, 260.
Old Colony Chapter, Massachusette,

133.
Old Liberty Bell, Independence Hall,

197.
Old Pemaquld Chapter, 163.
Ollphant, General Jonathan Chapter,

187.
Ollphant, Mrs. Duncan, 187, 189.
Old Pemaquld, historical landmark,

163, 164.
Clean Chapter, Clean, 182.
Omaha Chapter, 282.
Onondaga Chapter, 180.
Oneida Chapter with S. A. R. mark

graves, Utica, 183.
Onondago Chapter, Onondago, 180.
O'Neil, Mrs. S. A. W., Can., 66.
Opportunity to represent objects of

Society at Columbian Exposition, 90,

96.
Orophens Chapter, 279.
Organization, 13.
Origin Society American Revolution,

32.
Orton, Mrs. Edward, 264.
Osborn, Mrs. Frank, 38.
Our History, paper by Eugenia Wash-
ington, 18.
Owentsla Chapter, Addison, 182.
Owen, Frederick Denlson, 80, 84.
Owentias Circus, 182.
Oxford Bow Chapter, Vermont and
s, 161.

Paulus Hook Chapter, 185.

Palestrello Chapter, Wallingford, 160,
161.

Palmer, Mrs. Potter, 268.

Palmer, Mrs. Sophia F., Rochester, 68.

Parker, Mrs. Arthur M. Louise, St.
Clair Chapter, 298.

Park, Mrs. Robert Emery, Georgia
State Revolutionary Bill before the
Legislature, 218. 219, 220.

Paris Exposition, July 4, 1900, 87.

Pages D. A. R. Congresses, 45.

Palmer, Mrs. S. A. W., 68.

Park, Wolf's Den, 144.

Pathetic Story of Real Daughter, 60.

Patriotic Work of the National So-
ciety, G5.

Patterson Chapter, Westfleld, 166.

Patriotic Lectures, 298.

Patty Endicott Chapter, Pueblo, 283.

Pautucket Chapter, wtaea organized,
150, 151.

Index

323

Paul, John Chapter, 267.

Paulus Hook Chapter, Mrs. Arthur
Randolph Bedle, 18C.

Paulus Hook Fund, 186.

Peele, .Mrs. Wm. Louson, 218 and 219.

Pepperell, Massachusetts, 129.

Pepporill Bridge, women of, 130.

PettiKrew, .lohn Chapter, 200.

Petition to President Roosevelt, Anna
Warner Bally Chapter, i:i8.

Pearson, Miss of Harrisburg Chapter,
199.

Peck, Mrs James Sidney, Vice Pres
ident General, 298.

Peggy Stuart Tea Party Chapter,
Maryland. 201.

Pennsylvania, 192.

Personnel and Work of Board of Man
agement, 46.

Phelps, Abigail Chapter, 136.

Philadelphia Chapter, Spanish-Ameri-
can War Fund, 196.

Philippines, American troops at Ha
waii, 307.

Phoebe Bayard Chapter, 199.

Pioneer Work of National Society, 43

Piankeshaw Chapter, 266.

Pickens Chapter, 231.

Pittsburg Chapter, Pittsburg, Re-
doubt of Fort Pitt, 198.

Pohick Church, restoration, 241.

Potomac Chapter, District Columbia,
206.

Pound, Mrs. S. B. Lincoln, Chairman
executive committee, 2S3.

Pope, Mrs. Henry L., 247.

Porter, Horace, restored John Paul
Jones remains to his country, 131.

Porter, Mrs. David D., 23. (Vice Pres-
ident), 38.

Porter Milicent, Waterbury, 139.

Pueblo Chapter, 284.

Presidents General, (Founders' Med-
als), 44.

President United States, 65.

Presentation of Portrait, Mrs. Fair-
banks, 91.

Presque Isle Chapter, 198.

Prince, Mrs, L. Bradford, 303.

Pryor. Mrs. Ro<rer, New York, 165.

Prison Ships, 171.

Purchase of Putnam's Hill, 144.

Putnam, Israel, 144, 157.

Putnam, Deborah Avery, Plainfield,
144.

Putnam Park, Elizabeth Porter Chap-
ter, 144.

Putnam Hill Chapter, Greenwich, 144.

Putnam's Army, 144.

Putnam, General, founder of Marietta
Colony, Ohio, 259.

Powers of Executive Board to fill va-
cancies, 46.

Powers of Continental Congress over
elections, 46.

Quaker City Chapter, Philadelphia,
196, 198.

Quequechan Chapter, Massachusetts,
134.

Quarles, Caroline Saunders, (Mrs. Jo-
seph V.) Vice President General.

Quassalc Chapter, New York, 180.

Quequechan Chapter, 134.

Quincy, Massachusetts, 121.

Quincy, tomb John Adams, 122.

Rathbone, Mrs. Estes Y., 261.

RadclitCe, Dr. Wallace, benediction, 90.

Ranier Chapter, Seattle, 290.

Randolph, Francis Bland Chapter, 243.

Revelio Chapter, 279.

Real Daughter (incident), 61.

Recognition of the Lineage books, 49,
50.

Records of Chapters, 54.

Recording Secretary Palestrello Chap-
ter, Vermont, 160, 161.

Reed, Esther Chapter, 288.

Registrar General's OtEce, 56.

Reld, Mrs. Whitelaw, S. A. W., 68.

Religious organizations assisting In re-
lief work, 69.

Rhode Island, 150.

Reminiscences of First Continental D,
A. R. Congress, 33

Reprisal Chapter, Newport, 154, 155.

Reports of Continental Congress, 48.

Reports Smithsonian Institution, 51.

Resolution of sympathy with King Ed-
ward VII, 97.

Result of Inquiry at U. S. P. O., 48.

Return of British, 244, 245.

Reily, John Chapter, 263.

Richards, Miss Janette B. recording
secretary Mary Washington Chapter,
240.

Richardson, Mrs. S. A., 83.

Ritchie, Mrs. John, 202, 203.

Riggs, Sarah Chapter, 139.

Revere, Paul, 128, 132.

Resolution offered for Continental Hall
October 18, 1890, 74, 75.

Resolution prepared by Mrs. Walworth
relative to Founders, 75.

Response of Founders, 45.

Revolutionary relics collection Louisi-
ana Purchase Exposition, 277.

Roanoke Island Colony 1585, 235.

Robey, Mrs. Edward, suggestions for
Insignia, 40.

Robey, Edward, son of Mrs. E., drew
design, 40, 41.

Roberts, Mrs. Pennsylvania, 68.

Roberts, James A., 175.

Robston, Madame deBoconde Flguerie.
277.

324

Index

Roman Catholic Sisters, Spanish-Ameri-
can War, 62.

Romero, Senora, wife of Mexican min-
ister, 97.

Rounsavllle, Mrs. J. H., 31.

Routine in Registrar General's oflSce,
59.

Roosevelt, Mrs. President, 94.

Roosevelt, President United States, 94.

Rose, Dr., Pennsylvania. 68.

Rosa, Mrs. Edward S. Bennett, Libra-
rian Louisiana Purchase Exposition,
110.

Ross, Betsy Chapter, 132.

Rumford Chapter, Concord, 155.

Rumbling Echoes of Mrs John Adam's
Little Shot. 121.

Sacakjawea, 290.
Salem Centennial Chapter, 238.
Sampson, Deborah Chapter, 127.
Santa Fe Trail, 303.
Santa Anna surrender, 286.
Sanger, Elen J. Chapter, 157.
Satterlee, Bishop, 84.
Savannah Chapter, Revolutionary rec-
ords, 220
Sevier, John, 252, 253.
Sequoia Chapter, San Francisco, 286.
Scott, Mrs. Mathew T., 82, 272.
Shelby, Isaac Chapter, 247.
Shaw, Thomas Chapter, 295.
Sherman, Senator Address, 13.
Sherman, Roger, 145.
Silver Bow Chapter, Butte, 79.
Sherwood, Emily Lee, (Ragan), 13, 22,

31, 95, 107.
Silliman, Mary Chapter, 141, 143.
Slmonds, Colonel, 79.
Sisters of Mercy, 69.
Sixth President General, 105.
Slade, Mrs. William Geary, President

Daughters 1812, greeting, 82.
Smith, Prof. Goldwin, against his

statement, 173.
Society D. A. R., 13.
Society Seal adopted, 40, 41, 42.
Selection of nurses accredited by War

Department, 65.
Society Motto chosen, 25, 75.
Solomons, Miss Aline, librarian, 205.
Sons American Revolution, gift of a

flag, 77.
Sons American Revolution Advisory

Board, 24.
South Dakota. 305.
Spanish American War, 65.
Sperry, Mrs. S. A. W. Conn., 66.
Spencer Chapter, 266.
State, New York, 165.
Stark, Molly, 153, 155.
Stark, John, invasion of Boston, 152,

155, 157.
Stark, Caleb, entered army aged 15.

Stark, Mary, married B. B. Stlckney,
mother of major Two Stlckney, 153.

Status of President General, 24

Stakely, Mrs., War Com., 66.

Sternberg, General, M., 65.

Sternberg, Mrs. George M. 66, 82.

Stephen, Mrs. S. A. W. State regent,
68.

Stevenson, Second President General,
95; Interest in Memorial Continental
Hall, 76; telegram on laying corner
stone, 83; succeeded Mrs. Harrison,
95 ; time terminated 1894, 95 ; re-
elected 1896, 95; character sketch,
95; ancestors, 96.

Stickney, Anna Chapter, 154.

Stickney, Joseph Henry's bequests, 153.

Stone. Nellie B., 52. (Directory)

Story Ann Chapter, 158.

Story of Memorial Frame, New York,
Mohawk Chapter, 167.

Strathmore Arms, located, 23.

"Strathmore Arms" D. A. R. organ-
ized there, 13.

Stringfield. Mary Love, State regent
North Carolina, 83.

Stars and Stripes Chapter, Burling-
ton, 296.

Sullivan Margery Chapter, 156.

St. Louis Chapter, 278.

St. Barnabas Guild, Spanish-American
War, 69.

St. Clair, Louisa Chapter, 297.

St. Clair, Mrs. Lelia Dent, Vice Presi-
dent, 38.

St. Margaret, religious order, 69.

Syracuse Chapter and S. A. R. erect
tablet with Onondago Chapter, 140.

St. Louis, D. A. R. Hostesses Louisi-
ana Purchase Exposition, 95, 96, 97,
98.

St. Leger and Mohawk Valley Chap-
ters, 166, 167, 173.

St. Paul Chapter, St, Paul, 293.

South Carolina, 225.

Sullivan Ebenezzer, Patriot oflScer, 156.

Sumter Chapter, 304.

Sunshine Chapter, Santa Fe, 301.

Surgeon General, George M. Sternberg,
U. S. A., 65.

Spanish-American War Committee,
Mrs. Russell B. Alger chairman, 66.

Spencer Monument, Nathan Hale Chap-
ter, 140, 141.

Spencer Chapter, Spencer, 140.

Squires, Mrs. George C, resolution,
293.

Syracuse Chapter work, 140.

Tea Party, Md., 207.
Takoma Chapter, 288.
Talmadge Chapter, loan exhibition,
142.

I n d e X

325

Talmatlge, Major Lytchfleld, 142.

TalmaJse, Mary Floyd Chapter, Litch-
field, 143.

Tallaiit, Mrs. Walter S. State regent,
Montana, 279.

TapUu, Mrs. S. A. W. Com.. 66.

Tennessee, first settlers, 200.

Territory Ohio, settlement, 250.

Terhune, Sarah Nelson, elKht mile
walk, 29G, 297.

Terry, Mrs. Charles H.. chairman, 178.

Texas, Independence, 299.

Thayer, Capt. Nathan, 126.

Thomas, Mary Sawyer Foote, brought
up Founders' resolution. 38.

Thorn, Mrs. Pembroke, 68, 202.

Thornton, Mathew Chapter, 156.

Thirteen Colonies Chapter. D. C, 206.

Tiffany, tablet to Marquise de Lafay-
ette, 183.

TloughinoKa, Daughters "Flat Iron"
Cortland, 183.

Together meeting, Connecticut, 136.

Topeka Chapter, Kansas, 2S0.

Transports, names of Prison ships, 169.

Treasurers General, 53.

Treatment of Continentals In Prison
ships, 169, 170.

Trent Chapter, named for founder of
lYenton, 191.

Trent New Jersey Chapter pin. 191.

Trumbull, Faith Robinson Chapter, 139.

Trumbull. John, artist, 139.

Trumbull, Jonathon. 139.

Trumbull, Sarah, Rockville, 140.

Trumbull, Ammi, 14G.

Trumble, Joseph, 146.

Trumble, Sabra, 146.

TuUock. Miranda B. Vice President
In charge of organizations, 37.

Tullock, Mrs. Miranda B. helps secure
site for Continental Hal}. 76. 80.

Tuffts, Susannali Chapter, 132.

Tufifts, Anna Adams Chapter, 132.

Tunk Hannock Chapter, 199.

Tuskarora Chapter. Binghamton, 166.

Twent.T-seven tliousand women (D. A.
R.) in War work, 70.

United States at Paris represented by

Mrs. Manning. 98.
United States Government calls for

nurses, 66, 67.

V.

Valentine, Mrs. Sarah Burnside. 195.
Vanderpool, Miss, New York. 67.
Valley Forge Chapter, 196.
Vermont, 157.

Verplank, Mrs. Samuel, regent, ISO.
Victory that saved Georgia, 225.
Virginia, 239.

Virginia Dare Chapter, 290.
Vice President In charge of organiza-
tion of Chapters, 54.

Ward, Phoebe Green Cliapter, 151.

Walker, Mrs. Alice Ewing, Vice Presi-
dent, 97.

Walworth, Elen Hardin, Founder, quo-
tation from American Monthly mag-
azine, 8; makes the acquaintance
of Miss Desha, 20; Informal meet-
ing at Mrs. Brown's, 21; a meeting
of three, 21; secretary general, 38;
moved for reconsideration Resolu-
tion on Founders, 42, 43; dates on
medals, 43; first editor American
Monthly Magazine, 49; director Na-
tional war relief association, 69;
Oct. 24, 1S91, suggested name for
building, "Memoiial Manor", 75;
part In laying corner stone, Hunt-
ington's portrait, Mrs. Harrison. 93.

War S. A. W. Committees, 66, 67.

War Fund, 71.

Yv'arren and Prescott Chapters, 133.

Warring, Mrs. Clark, resolution, 99.

Warren, Mercy Chapter, 125.

\Yatauga Chapter, 257.

Webster, Daniel, incident, 209.

Washburn Chapter, Ind., 267.

Washington, Mary Chapter, (Stephen
Heard), 224.

Washington City, 13.

Washington Post (paper), 13.

Washington, E)ugenia. Founder, 38;
registrar general, 23; Informal meet-
ing, 30; quotations from address,
"Our History" 30, 31; present at im-
portant meeting, Oct. 6-7, 1891, 30;
Founders' Medals, 42, 44; recom-
mendation of Medal committee, 43;
public award' of Medals, 44.

Washington Martha Madam, 123.

Washington General George, 123; me-
morial building project, 74; Cam-
bridge, Mass.. 124; in New York,
167; outgenerals Howe, 168; In
New Jersey, 184; Battle of .Mon-
mouth, 185; policy with deserters,
191: joined by Lafayette, 191;
Christ church, Alexandria, 241;
Washington and Lafayette, 191; at
Valley Forge, 191; distress and later
fame. 194; Brother Jonathan. 140;
reception of Deborah Sampson, 127;
in Ohio. 260: end of Revolutionary
War. 2:3:9, 240, 241; guest of Gen.
Boudinot. 190.

Washington statute, France, 98.

Washington George University Medal,
207.

Washington State, 287. 289.

Washington Chapter, Ohio, 264.

326

Index

Washington Heights Chapter, N. Y.,

177.
Washington Fort. 126.
Washington, Mary Hammond Chapter,

224.
Weed, Mrs. Walter, 83, 279.
Welcome, Mrs. Manning, Louisiana

Purchase Exhibition. 96, 97, 98.
Wenonah Chapter, 293.
Western Reserve Chapter, 262.
What D. A. R. Charter demands, 51.
What the Ledger shows, 53, 55.
What goes Into the Lineage book, 49.
What the Magazine alms to do, 48.
What is presented by Vice President

Generals at monthly meetings, 54.
When applications go to the treasurer

general, 53, 54.
When first annual Congress was held,

33.
Wheelock, Deborah. Chapter, 132.
Whitman, Narcissa, missionary monu-
ment, 289.
Whitman, Marcus, famous ride to

Washington, 289.
White, Mrs. S. V., 171, 172.
White, Janette L., the struggle of her

life, 35.
Wisconsin, 298.
Wllbour, Mrs. Joshua, state regent,

427.
Wlllard, Mrs. Emma Hart, Chapter,

146.
Williams, Frances Dlghton, Chapter,

163.
William EUery Chapter, Rock Island,

270.
WlUiamatic, Anna Wood Elderkin,

Chapter, 138.
WiUlame, Mrs., 618, 202.

Wlnjock, Mrs. W. C, Vice Pres-
ident, 23, 38.

Winthrop, Hannah J., Chapter, 124.
125.

Wisconsin, 298.

Wolf, Den, Promfret, 151.

Wolcott, Abigail, Chapter, 136, 147,

Wolcott, General Oliver, 136.

Woman's Club and D. A. R., Sitka,
291.

Womans' College, Pennsylvania, His-
toric prize, 195.

Womans' National War Relief Asso-
ciation, 69.

Women's Nurses Examining Board, 66.

World's Columbian Exposition Invita-
tion, 35.

Work of Arkansas Chapters, 285.

Willis, Ruth. Chapter, Hartford, 139.

Work of Restoration, Ruth Wil-
lis Chapter, 139.

Work of District Chapters for An-
nual Congresses, 205.

Wooster, Mary Clapp Chapter, 139.

Wooster, Mary, Danbury, 138.

Wright, Prudence, Chapter, 129, 130.

Wyoming Chapter, Queen Esthers'
Rock, 279.

Young Daughters part in Founders

ceremonies 45.
Yellow Stone Park Chapter, 279.

Zebulon Pike Chapter, Colorado
Springs, 284.