Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2011 with funding from
LYRASIS IVIembers and Sloan Foundation
http://www.archive.org/details/studyofindustriaOOdodd
mMUSCRIPT TnSSES
TtepublitlMd thMM sui>ndtted tor th« Matter's &9gv—
ar« d«poslt«d in th* Florida Sontham Collaga Library and ar«
availabla for inapaotlon. Use of any thaaia ii liaitad by tha
righta of tha author. Bibliographleal rafaranoaa aay ba Dotad«
but pasaagaa nay not ba copiad unlaaa tha author has glran par«
■iatioii. Cradit nust ba s^irem in aubsaquant wrlttan or rsub*
liahad w>rk*
A library trhioh borrows thia thaaia for uaa by ita
oliantala is axoaotad to naka stira that tha borrovar ia owara
of tlM aboTa matriotlons,
Florida Southam Collaga*
uMMUt nmmun
••S»IIt:>0 JEnr«rl!^08 «ftl«XOn
A STDDT OF IXDUSTKUL ABTS
KJsuntKKT somois
HOBT A. DODD
8iiteltt«<i iB partial fttlilllMSt of th*
r«qulr«MBti tor the d«gr*« of Ihttor of
Art* in tho Ondoato Sthool of Florid*
Sovthora Co Hag*
Ausaat 194t
8nA JAIKWaai' ^"^ A
(wca .A lectin
«fciT.«>X'? "St* Xr 'fltO Wife? «i »*9A
«*«<« ; r fi'j s^.td&t: ■:■■ ::
TIm pklietophy of the tlmmnbtry tmmohmr la ob* of
•Boottragiag and retpootio^ ••lf*axpr«ssion« Shv r«ilii«a
%lMt hor J«% i« aot that of produoing laioatrial art«« tat it
la the taak of dero loping iBtollic«nt« approoiatiTo oonavawra
of art. Sho tnidorataiuUi that far ao ra iaportaot than tho
vork of indvatrial art itaalf ia irtiat tha «ork of art dooa
for tha ehild* not only at the aoMiBt «han aa objoat ia fin-
iahadt but ia tha genaral dovolopaMBt of a h»alt^« happy*
intalligoBt aaBibar of aooiaty*
U
'{WU •voK •tut :^M(# tftmtfvt* --^4 "^e
.«.ri 3:.t ittajitftj jaa OBsasr jxiosus: cur Ja Tt*«o -fvn tiu ,un; oi-.^i tol
il
AOPiOffLBIXaffilTS
Th« writer wishes to •xpress hsr dssp apprMlatioa
to Dr. Uvary, Professor Thoi^son, Knd Professor Springer for
their sustained interest^ helpful gnidenee, end petlenee
throttghout the oonrse of this study*
AekDovledgment is gratefully asi^e to Dr« E, L*
BobinaoB, Professor J, Taamiyn, snd others vho eontrihuted
mtMh of the seterialt end the writer else eactettds slneere
thanks to the lihx^rians who were so patient in helping te
find reference aaterial*
ill
ti*ti'-i.*!'*.'ij.»ia..v..'.v'» * "■
». ) fcBI>^ U .t«.*l.« »l- '
-'■■■■::■■•■■%» 9W*£ '^»- 4: <■■;< S^i'*iK ^*:- /It? •.•ii'rl
«»ff«?^«« Pin's ,s>rtr<^f>tcf;i .'c^f«r* .t'T.f*'*D ■'•.:.;■
• fAlt«ii>»s «o/f«^«t«<s ton
iii
AFPSOTAL SHSSY
HABBtSt
AOVItOIl
JBpBJK
^«>i. «M ■.!■ mm M imi
i:g(^ivcA
TABLB OF OpllTCTTS
CHAPTBMB ?AaES
Z •• .••• • 1
U««*.«. 9
XIZ ••••• ..«• SO
XY.,... ...M
T •••••••• • • ••••••. 86
VZ • •••••••. ••• ••«••• 45
VIZ ,.. 5S
AFPHSU A«««, ••.•••,••••,••••*,.<«• • «»«6T
▲PP8IDIX B.««« , ••••«••• *•«•••« ••••••75
•r^ 'W?
Ti
aw.'
tSOJAH.
8,,***..,.. ..,..., ,,.. ...........n
OS •*•«» *.«••# v**^,.^..,**.:!!
»s...... , .n
^Ci*.« •• •.••.*•.•••••••«•«•••••••••• ««»«*«*««.**7
9*4 • ••«««••••«••«••*••• M«<.*XV
18.. .,, ., ;::••
ST.. •••... ••.••••••••••••••••••••«« •«•••...••••« novmA
iv
'■l\"3:"i«*'4A i'iV»V/ -> ■>■ S S-?I««W •
tmA i^wmmm* <»'*.-.•«>.
ciupxn z
TBCHHIQCE OF THE UrVBSTIgATIOM
.*
Xfa« ProblM
^)^ftrftA.W V>
MriLott*
Mm fAlvMt* to tlM •hlld« to tlM >e wwiu lty» and to tho t«MlMr*
•f UMlvdlBg iMdu«trial a«t« 1b tho •IffMotwpy ••bMl mrrlvalim.
Sp»olfl» Problwi
IfaKt is tlM pvrpoM of ladu*tri«l arte in th» •!•-
■Mrtary ourrlMlwtf It hat !>••& att«Hpt«d to i^ioaeh this
pxoblMi in cnoh a Mumar «bat tha final raaulta vill b« balp-
fal to tha toaohing profattloa*
Othor problMM to b« eoaaiAorod ineludo tho al>ility
of thi ehild ait varleua agaa* to aaqniya kamAadeo and ralatlvi
•kill im« and to dari'va pleaaura tfom, tba diffarmt typaa of
kmlamft* It akould ba diaao-mrad vhatiiar ar not tha ahild
till ba battwr abla to «Bdar«ta&d aad aapa with hit omi an'virMiii^^
aaat vhila ha ia in tha praaaaa of aoqairiac a oi*aatiT» and
. 1 •
ffMtlMd vntentMkllag ef past aai pv«a«rt fttltttrM*
S«-v«r«l poiBtf hky b««n brot^^ o«t la tldt work*
StvdiM Md* iB tlw p«tt IndlMtc that vithia th« child 11«« th«
fundftB«atftl iKHS* ^ er««t«, and tliat h» vlll iMm aor* Mully
and «1^ acre plaarare tvom a oeaarvta approaah to a probl«a
vhioh aill gifa this arvatl-ra urge •zpraaaioa* thaa ha will ffoa
aa abatraot praaaatsatlon* Zt ••«■• probaJsIa that thi« praadaa
•hottld b« partimlayXy apipliad to tiw ahild la •iMHKtacy
sahooly who la still la tha pvooaaa of laaraiae tha pliyaioal
raota of tha mirld about hia« aad «te la atill ia tba prooMa af
parfoatlBg hi a am pi^tlaal ooordiaatloaa Ba aaads a ooaatrue-
tlta oatlit far tha aetor aatlflty ahioh ia a pradooiaaat faa-
tara of this ataga of hla davalapaMat* Ba haa aa iaqalriag idaA*
but often laoka the axparleaaa aaaaaaayy to darlva satlafaotory
■tiaulatlea fvma atoatfaat IdaM* -*>^--«m«a«
Daliaitatioaa
tlaaa tha atady of Induatrial arta ia alraady vail
t -■ , - •■..,
aitabliahad ia tha fiald of aaeeadary and highar aduoatioa* it
aaa ooaaidarad daairabla to Halt thia raaaaroh to alwaastary
aahoala. gradaa oaa through aix* Partlaular affert haa baaa aada
to apply aoaalaaloaa raaohad to tha sahoola of Hlllaborough
t«
•Ml .sr<l!*««te ei,'&r uria XXJhf -in
lb*
- s «
AltkM^ Nacamh hu b««i ■»!•» aad sourM* of alriidsr
plaoMdl aad Moftwd in Ma* ia«t«iia««« it would •••• that tlM
iadttuitylAl art* »«ptt«t of •Iwntary •dwiMtlott has b4MR
— gl w f dl iB rM«nt yMura* Thla it partloolftrly tmo with rM*
f9t to org«als«d plMU of tMohlng whi«li vould oorrvlat* th«
»Aim% with tlM otlMr ••«»•■ of atvdly*
^ Pof lHl tion of T<rat
iBdustrial mrtt, as eonaldorod in this thasla, havw
iMaa dafln«4 as follow* t "As * subjeot for tKiuoatlv* parpo*«*«
tadustrlal art* Is a study of the ohancas wad* by aaa la tha
toram of natarlals to Inereasa thalr values* and of tha prob»
Isa* of Ufa ralatad to thas* ehangai*"*
Tha iBdustrial arts stty b* studiod aithar with a
ganaral adaeatlonal purposa in aiad or in ordar t* danralop
Bkill iB a partisular industry* Tha lattarM.YDaatlenal traia*
iBg—of eoursa hss not baaa aoBSldarad la ralatloa t» tha *!••
■MBtary aohoal*
Z% 1* al** aaeassary to aaha a distlBstieB bctwaaa
iBdustrial art* aad tha flaa art*, alttovgh tha tae ar* raiy
alaaaly alliad. fins art* aay ba aaid to ba aoBaanssd aalaly
!• Fradariaic 8» Bonsar aad tela Ooffty MDaaaan* IBdustrial Art*
fbr BlssMmtayy Bahaol*. p* S.
XSsu&ti tc- ;i©;:-,i,'t'«' tat ^iHi^M aa^e^ ^ £.-■;£, f '■:
« 4 •
«ltli tlw orMtloA of iMttutgr vithffttt Mgwd t» tlM ««lU«3r mt tte
objMft ar«*t«4« vhil* Inductrlftl Mrta«*>« primt^tilf oo»«enw4
with th« erMtloB of usttfal oT» j»t»» <' I M m M r» tiuum i« appaiw
•atly * f«aiiianrt«l uid vuil<«<»rMl dMir* for b«c«rtty of d««lsu
Md 4Momtl«m to 1»« Kppll*d otvii to th« Most vaoful of ob;}«ot«,»
vhiok »«MUi th*t at l«ft«t wao aeiMets of th« flwi «ytt aro m
lat«fnil p^rk of th« Indhurtrl*! artt,
Afftin« th« iadhMtrial «rt« Mftit b« dlatlagvlBhod from
Mof^tioaa oeiiMnMA with th« px«diMtlon of Mnr iMtcrtftlt fxos «
iriii«h ttt«fal obj««t« ftM and** 7hM« ooot^tlom «o«14 imolnd*
Innting tnd fishing* «grl«altai«, alBinga trMiaportatlon und
tnUto.
Tbo ^ llMd fo r th» Study
Corrolatlog induttrlal arts with tta* roguXar ooori*
of study should aid th« ohlld im ••Toral ways* For •x»mpl%»
•xparlMM* iB using tho aatorials of produotlon vill glv« him
rudlawBtary kaowlodg* iriiith Mty proTld* him with a good basis
for latsr study of mors dotailsd aspoots of tha art*--*, study
«hi«h Hsy load to ths ohoios of a ponnaiumt oooupatlon. It nay
at isast ansouraga ths pursuit of bobbiss vhlah will torn his
ml»d toward hslpful* usaful ohannsls, and from iriilsh ha nay
asquira ths happinsss and sta:biUty vhiA mould sealblns to halp
him bsso m s a good altlssn* John Damsy ctatss« *Ths individual
• # •
tis*.:f ^Q viilii;^ miti ttf itKwn tt^oiiHtv vfuno^ to vnttane mdA ilbtiv
iiitjnmtma ^UriMsu%fi wui^^tM iisj.-i3»\i.Ai^ «i.:.:-i«r .c ^
eo ;rtam. a^M Ims.1u
iLlMtiVfjm tan \o motttiubcfin mI^ imtm j>
6 .
finds h«ppln«tt in doing vAuit th» natvjml and loeinl enTlronMiit
damnds*'* Trva. m piur«ly phytionl ttnadpoint* praotlo*! pyoj«ott
•hottld improf hit Mui«ular ooordination and potsatinl skill*
Study of th« industrial arts should hslp hin asquire
loumlsdg* through ezparisnoa, and at a paoa with his own evolvu
tion« of how tha ^mrioos industries dsiralopad fron Tsry siopla
origins and how thsy are now interwoTsn into tha ooa^lioatod
fabria of society. In loaming tha mathods oaaployad by people
of the past in aolTing their problsnw of oonTsrting raw oaterials
into shelter* elething* and food* and the way their solutions
have been deraloped and liq>rDYed upon up to the presMt dayj the
pupil is not only adding to his store of knowledge but also is
]i,««»fl4ng jasny praotioal appliuations of this knowledge. This
study should aid hia In understanding his own relationship to
nodem culture* and should give hia a rudisenbary insii^t into
what will be his personal problsns of ohoosing* utiXlzing« and
preserving his possessions.
Johann Ask>s CoaeniuSf 17th Century educational
writer* and so-ealled ""ather of nodem eduoation**'* fit*st oon*
eluded that the eonstruotlT^ and destructive is^ulses in children
t* #shn Dewey* Htg n sn Wature and Conduot . p. 297.
S« Villiaa H* ^^uuioB an^' Isadora M. F^enn* Fiadajasntals of
Industrial Arts and Yooational Eduoation« p» 1.
••> 3 «»
>M2ol:>^£fj;on <«r.«j!i# ijr*ii' ^H hm» ^fio^/ii bwt «9Klifi^«£« «i»;^X»rie t^nl
.,xb ^ii»««nq •iit# 0^ ^ aoqii IwvoTcpBl Aim Wf4»l«v*b ia»«(f «v«4
f eaftelwMDf le vrvH mid o^ yitUji \;ijro &tia «i Xlv'V
«;^ai tf^dgiuxi \tsiavdLbtn e i»1j1 vvis bXtforia ham «rxir^Coo CMftcME
teit «^lsl/i^ t^lBooifo lo ftKoX<fc-'q X/Kio«n«»q Riff ttf XX iv ;^«dir
. e •
f IteBtioal and r«i«iM iiuiduw* dtarias th« p«riod of ord«r«4
AeeuamlAtloB of kawl^dgo* Sinoo that tiM>« odaofttom in dlf-
forost oouatrio* hasvm booa dortlopins induatrlftl «rt« timiaiim^.,^
•ithor M ft prmlimiamry to l«t«r imaatloMl t2«lalnf« or «• a
woiwt of pro'vidiBg lolturv-tlBO ooovpatioa* Maid of roatoring
iMWXy lott hMkloxmft arta*
Tnm tiM rvtoasifb ooitd«(it«l« it noidd ••«» that la
this aa »tgy offavta bar* b««£ oowMatrnt^d largaly wi tha
taa^iag of iniaatilal arta b^aalag with tho aoran^ grada.
It would aaaa tliat aoiM prayaratJLam would \m daalxabia* oflaawaiw
aurata vlth tha aga aad da^valoiMant of tha ohilda baftva nora
advaaaed ttudiaa in wunial tvaiaiac aad Imaa aaonoaaiea ara
attaaptad. Too* thara atlll aadats tha prablm of thota afieaa
aduoatiOB •tOM with tha al«M«tary gradaa* Thay vlll hara had
littla or tm praatlaal ascporlaaoa with haaAarafta ahiah aay ba
tha haiia af thair futura «aEiatanaa vwiaaa thay hava had aoaa
aort of iaduatrial arta training in tha aXwaantary a^iool*
la •oanatloB, thara doas taant to axiat a rary dafi-
Bita aaad for aakiag a aoaerata approaoh to taaehiae a ahild ia
hia aarly« foivatlva yaara* in ordar to gratify hli ooastrua*
tlTa urga» aod to prapara him for futura davalofMant of highar
akilla.
• «
' £ii £%«;t««i,>&« ,«a^ «£«&;;!' ••&/:'' .^;- L •.,?:.■■.:. - /.v>i •,.;..;: ■
aolifiVlMft^lQ' MtM Sttfirf B**f Bfwfi«> !*1
.;.--•<• wv^^i jJiitE \^.% .Mteft ^putfmsBKi* •««- jAj^xb' zwav unksanmo*
«nj}& tWT * ^-bE* e^ NMM •»c>fc n«{;;r . ^irl
- T -
' ft*«*dtty la Coll— tiag Jfcta 6,'r«i,
K Data vaad in this theal* ware •0Hpil«4 ttmk all atttlL*
abla booka writtan on tha aubjaat by i^anognisod authoritl«a» froB
ganramaant adnaatioiml bullatlnat parlodioala« aad natarial ob>»
taload by writing to outstaadine aahoola irtiloh do inoluda InAua-
trial arta in tha praaant ourrieuliai« eithar In trainiog taaohara
or in aatual praatlaa in alaaantary sohoola* Aaong laforBatioa
froB than ara praetioal laaaoa plana ^loh hare aotually boaa
uaadj and tha raaulta obtainad fron euoh uaa*
Souroaa of thia information ineludad (1) Southam
Collaga Llbrayy* (2) Tha TaBq>a City Library, ata«« and (S)
raaords of tha proaaadinga of the Tauqm Sohool Board of Publia
Sahoola*
Tha aaaonid atap in aaouring data was to oontaot and
intarriaw induatrial arta atxperriaori* taaohara, and othara*
Papila* taaohara* and adnaatora gara Taluabla infbmatioa*
\
liathod of TraatlBK th» Data
>i^v Tha data gathared froa booka and aagasinaa irara aat
down in ootoa, and as the atruotura of tha thaaia pragraaaad, tha
matarial was orgaalsad in outliaa fora and dna rafaranea aada la
its souroe* In aoaa oaaaa* aooh aa reporting hiateriaal data*
aaay authora vara atudiad aad apaalfia uaa oada of tha aoat ooa^
Plata or rapraaaBtati-ra rafaraaoaa*
j^'^m^ss^t^^s.
«?ic. fi8.f»f©*a« *«» <|ii|jiftiiit>i5«q' r*i''-'-'.-.nv'i £«<»l*jBe!lS« tfowKitwcoR
««ta i*t»»K gm^ ^ ft«* ♦*•««
«i.f(J««! "Jo RtwjS Io(Mlfr8 msKB/t f^'^ ^t for wd* »• •fcwe^n
• 8 •
Th« InfonMtion g*iiM4 throvi^ p«rtoBAl l«t«rvl««i
t&kMi down earefully «t th« tia* of th« lBt«rri«iv« SlsM
this Kat^rlftX r»prei«iit«d a l&rg« portion of th« infoinBAtloa
o^btainod about loofil drrolopaMit of tlM Indnttriftl arta^ it vat
uaad to giT« a piotura of tha faota oonaamlBg tho growth of
industrial arta in Tanpa*
-So aSilvXt hM baan attaaptad to a^^roaah tha prabl«a of
iiwluding indaatrial ark* in tha alamntary tahool ourrlaulqa
in tuah nnanar that tha final insult* will ba kalpful to tba
taashifig i^rofaacion*
Sinoa tha •arantaanth oantury raaagnition of tha 1»>
porbanaa of taaahing indnttrXal arta in tha poblia aahaala has
baan da^raloping in variant aourtrlat. It haa baan eatabliahad
that tha ohild loams laora roadlly and with graatar plaaaura
ihrou^ a oonorata approaeh to a preblaMf and that through in*
dnstrial arta» hia oraatiTa a«paaitiaa ntngr ba lad into naaful
ohannalta
Stndy of tha problan is liaitad to gradas ona through
six.
Bata wara gatharad fvem all typaa of avaiXabla pvbli*
oations and froH paraonal intarvlawai and wara orfaniaad and
aoapilad with dna raforonea to aourea*
• •
• sc
•Art •Xouitoi olXdwi wlir «£ t&x» Imirs^utal yi^'^i*^ ^« •o.-;«7tcq
wil i(Btf<;9il^ *aA& bum timldmq » ot WM«tf«« »#w«Moe « tfgtf^Vii*
4pf--Tafi.7 dflto B»rs«»r;5 »f fef^JtadtX •! fl»Xcfe«i<j Ml* %9 X^b$M
GHAPT8W II
aiOTOiy OF gPPSTHIAL AK8 IPDOATIOl
Uad»y«t>Bdian; y>a|i*»i Probl<i
Vo •rtabllBh a Inuils for uiid«r«t«nting th« problea
of th« Ittdttttrial ftrta prognm in Taapa* and to d«t«rmi&« th«
puxpoto of iBvlttdlnf; auoh « progztua in tho •Imnvtvry sehoel*
it 9ttm» n«9««Mry to revic* tho gonoral hiotorloal doTolop-
■mt of tho toaehlng of iaduitriftl orti* Tho tie botvoon th«
past and tho prooont it oo oloso that ciaay of tho problosBO of
tho past atill oociot* Honoo* thoro follorvo a maamrf of tho
hlotory of Induatrlal arts oduoatlon*
Hiatoi-y of Iteitttrlal Art s Bdaoatioii
Ittdua trial arts and rooatloaal oduoatlon haTo
oxistod in ono form or othor fbr many thousands
of yeara*««»
Tho young of priaitivo h«aaaity galnod their
lifttiMmstalaiBs ski 11a and lOKmlodgo fms iKlta-
tlon of their oldors* From tiao iiiMSsairlal thoro
hao always boon industrial oduoatlon of somi kind
soaasrhoro, vhothor in tho ho8io» in tho iAiop« in
tho agrlottltural field, in Urn (xilld hall» in th«
nonastory, or upon tho field of battlo* In latar
oonturies when van booam aoro oiTilitod tho
yoangor laomhors of the i:rloo wore taught tho
II
'X* WK»XiI<»q ««* ^fl XBUw *«t* *»«»^® •• *-^ ia'JJMW? ••• '■
ftri:» "l* ^«KMMi A vmA%tf> «*i»rii' t«esH^i *i^»J«ie flt^ t^a^r, twit
■.'T^.:
- 10
Uf*»*««t«iBliig (killt through tribal ri|^t«
/ "«lo 7 and svraaoniet* At oiriUMtlon
deValop»4« osrtaitt n«atb«r8 of th« oommlt/
^•gtti to r«iid«r «p«ol«lls«il tsrrioss lilni
«lii'p«flt«r vork* vaaving, oobblicf, and b«l#*
la^* At flrrt* boys I«iirB«d th« tradet ttrm
thalr fath«r« or oth«r a«ab«ra of th« fteaily*
lAt«r« yovmg p«opl« agr**d to vork for
••▼eml year* for oartain IndiYiduala pro-
vidad thay vould t«aoh than a trado* Thl«
iTpa of iBdaacbarad apprantiaaahip ayatan «aa
u<ad in i^igypt bafora tha Chrictian era* It
pandttad tha youth a wldar ahoiaa of 'voaa*
tioua thaa the fathar»«Bd-son apprentloaahip
ayatMU Durixig tha Ulddla Agat tha Indaii* ^^ ^
turad apprwitleaahip aystan playad a vary
l^perltant part in ^a araft guilda* With
tha riaa of tha faotory 8yst«Bi« howavar*
aana ^a daollna of tha inda n t ur ad apprMW
tloa and tha oi^ft guild and tha gradual
^^'^ riaa of our aDdam Industrial ara«
Ihanwar thara has baan uork to de« prob>
lass to aelra* diffioultias to oTaroo]M»
froBtiar* to svibdua* thara has baan iadna*
trial aduoatlon* It was tha original pro-
jaat mathad* It has baan real aduaatlon*
inTolving saaingf haaring^ doing, thinking*
It uas only uhan tha frontlara had baas
subduad and living baaaaa aasiar that tha
popular aonoaptloa of tha idaal aduaatleii
baaaaa tha aduaatlon of Idaas and raaordad
aiqE>arianaaa« •"** -*••■*
Tha problast of industrial arts and -voaa-
tlonal aduoation in tha Dnitad Statas today
T% tha saaa preblssM in a aora aoaplax
satting than our anoastors ha-ro had to maat
throU||^«t tha agas. Ha ara aonfroata4 ta«
day with a highly orgaalsad sooiety In ahiah
aany of tha praduats and aanrieas assantial
to oraryday llTiag ara providad by akillad
worksrs*
MA ;>'
Tha industrial soolaty of today is not only
OjC •
ia^^:- i^ukia OytmM %£its» paatMiwMiitU
•of If a««irr»s ]b»alX«i««qr« t>s»ibjBW3 o# 4«|»<f
^ittd bam ^tfilSMwi^ «]|ffihrj»»» .:^*t:ent tii^tameui^
•Krt it<w o* fctNWSJi 0iqm^q Timor, ^"im&nJ.
tilfl .♦fijlfiv. w »*. . ■ ,, - ■.■-
«jR»crtr ^© 4M»I«I» ««i)iW « A.-™..^ >. . ---T.
j((;^lW ,«lkXliit ilun* «d» nit itJiq ^ijf#?<M|ai
«tWV«WQrf MMcNYtf X«Mi*<i'^ •'(t^ ^0 **^ O**^
Imkmst •^ Hi* Mini wi» bu» m>kt
• jmo XjHNd-atrftii^ nioi^iW! -ufo le MJhe
»<fotq «aft a^ ^t^m mt»d tad «n»d& tw n— ifl l
~M(rr tan •iiM iMtximhal U»
^•t ■•#«tf8 iHl^i^ r rjolAMNlMI X4MM|i»
- 11 -
^" Mapl«K« b«t it it Mirtirtly •hfMcing *m t»
tMhnologlMl d«T«lopM(at«* If «• «r« to cn-
J07 tK* •oafbrtt and ettltur»l MrtiTiti«t of
■od«m lif«« «e mutt b* ti«ln«d to r«nd«r
mm» font of of fieirait Mrvi*** to that owr
asdom industrial soeioty oan pro'rido us with
m MMMtary ratum auffiaiaat to aatlsfy owr
•aoaoaia and seeial naada*^
ffLon—r Adhwoataa^ o f Taaohiiy iBdmtrlal Ar tj i
nuraa nan havo baaa prSaarlly rMponaibla for tiM
trand toward toaehing tho handerafta aa an intagval part of
fonal adttoatioa* Ona of thasa man* Johaaa Aaoa CoMmlva
(1690»irro) • «aa tha orislMal advooata of tha «•• of haai*
vark in tonml adaaatioAa bogiiming with tha Idndargartea*
Tha Faaaophla Salieal at teroa Bstak in Bn^ary flnt haavA
hia idaaa mi tha aaao ur a go awit of tha ooaatraoti«i wad da-
ttntetifa isqmlaaa whiah ha oontidared oaa and iit» Mm»» ■•
baliarad that kcovladga ahould ba aoquirad in a logiaal
ordarad faahiem* and that ohildraa's aaatary of tha baaia
prinalplaa af what goaa on in tha world about Hbmm. was
oaaastial la order to foatar tha davalapaant of any partla*
ular iaallnatloaa toward iaam aa— al oaeiqpatiaaa«
Tha aaaoad nwnf a Swiai toaahar naiind Bainrlah
1. WLlllaa B* Johnaott and Isadora M* Faaa» Ftadanantala of
lnduatrla]L Arta and ▼ooatlonal Bduoatton , pp» JS^lA*
2. Ibld. j p. I.
- XI »
•*, ■""-; htm
P»atAleisi (174ft-X887) «ho b«e«iM kaovn mm the "F»th«? of
Huniftl Tndalas* « aqphMiscd tbm ii^orfeano* of instruetlon
through tho ob^««t awthod* i& aoooai^danw vith hit b«ll«f
that «aqMri«>)««a *ud iaiprtsslozi* -vci^ Mi«aM»l to IdM Bwn»
t&l d«*«lofM0at of th* ohild* Ho ad-vooatod AoquirlBg idMtt
thmogh MBt* p*i*(NV%&o» t)m« biiMline tosvthor kaowloAgo and
tho Ability to p«rfom« asd b^llo-fwd th« «la of •daeatioa t»
b« th« natuyml* progroaalv* and ayttamatie dovalopmint of all
the natural powers*
Xha third Baa« Froebal (1788*1B68)\ thought aoiu.
•truatioa aoti^tlM •heuld be «a|AMi«ii«d la the toheolc idiieh
he eoMidered eheuld he ergaidsed at a alBiattsre of eooiety*
He adveoated the play idea and haadeork aetivltiee la early
edaeatiea*
Other pioneers in advooatlng or pattiac late pra*»
tiee the teaehiag of indastrial arts Inelude Martia Lather*
the Svlss rmtttrmmr Seingli* August Beraaaa Praaeke of Ball**
Arnold mgsnaa of Oottiiieeaa 8«ltserland*s statesaaa
Sehvindlera Vietor Delia Tos of Ibseov* and Vllliaa Morris of
Aielaad.
9* Ute* Pi t .
•. tt «
to *mat0f" i>4t uf l im m m m t\ i<f r) jnhmiIa^wm
auwfcJt JlBirtii-pOii i.-j'.rvjujc;^^.!:-* oil *Miri» t.uw ... -rrfjiefrmft tai
«1NMli«2 tflihuaM idmiMU t#iMk Ii«i?K^«K&«i 1o 3«Mojt9»« adt 09>l&
^lUlM lo citttfMV mmntM tMStfA ^IXanlnS tttcif^v'k «»lM« *rfi
to «im<dt Miljiluilll bus «V0Mi«K to ««7 alXtQ nco^ei^ »itfi«li>f»l
Both PinlMsd and SwsdMi r»«ogniMd th^ ii^i^aaM
of waantLl ti«iBing inotruotion in tho oolwolc 1>eforo it was
intmdwwd Ivto tho tlnlt«d 8tat««, In rinlaiid« Fz\3eb«l*a idoaa
mtf put isfco MtioB by Ttao CysaMu** ^o '>'<^> appoiatod ia 18S8
by «h« Swioioa Staporoy to roorsftniso tho priaftry •ohools«
dfgaunm roooHnoniod tho toaohiag of jmaml tr«inlos with adhozw
OBOO to tho oBlToroftl tdm of eduoatloa*
Xb SwodoB Otto SalooDn bogtui training teaohors in
bit Sloyd iBOtitttto at Boas in 187t« uador what i« oallod tho
•wdloh Sloyd Syston, The word *Sloyd" is dori-rod fioB tho
•vodii^ "ilojd" and ia tvanolatod by tho Bnglioh word "areeo^
^1oa"« •voden nado Banual training a part of hor oduoational
«
tyotoBi in 187S by oatabliohiog spooial aohoola oololy to toaoh
Sloyd to granBar aohool ago pi^ila. Claosoo voro Ximitod to
twonty pttpllt in ordor to allo« for indivldaal dlfforoBooa and
iadltldaaliMd inatruotioB. A definite attoas^t t*as aado to re-
tain tho interest of tho studonta; and projoeta wore gradated
in tonas of dlffioulty*
•ywieittl I
?rogre«s was being sado in deitsorland and Franoo*
and also in BBgland triiero Williaa Morris and Joha Auakin had
6« Xbid«« p. 6*
«•! «
•4««m* frs«ar (ft. a>* rfgUkMi
to#«fcrca MMr «^*»t'^*'! ^^^ xuhmbmi
4«Mi««t tea A«AfMMi^iJ« fll •&«« yxivtf URT cimqin^
« in*— i1i^—iW>»fe
>ft •% ,..t<
- u-
orlgiBftt«d th« "Art* and Cx^fta UD-f«Bvent'*«
Ih« MmomJ. Lfcbor Motwa»Bt ^ n t h e Jty 8, k,
Th« sanuAl labor no-wmont In th« V, 8. A* r««ult«4
tram th« ra*lizatio& of the fact that th» Mirly ••hooX« «*rt
lmd*quat« in that thay failed to foster the students* general
de'veltopaent •
Exhlbita atanming frou the iK>rk of Vietor Delia Yes
And vaillatt Uerrls apnearin^ at the Philadelphia CentennlAl
BRpoaitlen in 1676 firat had a tremendout Influeaoe on tfce
teaehiag of praotioal art* in the public cohoola of the Waited
States*
Delia Vo«' authods of inatnetlon for larfe elataet
■tlMilated in AsMrioa the idea of anal7slag the aeehaBle«l
tradea into baaio tool pyooetsea aod e l e — n ta of ooBftrDetloa*
The Sloyd Systea vat brought to Amerioa In 1880. la
18M Oustaf lAraon eaae from Sweden to iotroduee Svediih tlejfd
iA the boaton aoboola*
In 1670 industrial drawing iv&s introdneed by law
XxAo the itlaasaohxuietta publio sohoola. T^llowlni; tiM ^iladelphia
Centennial* the St. Louia llanBal Training School ms eatab*
t
llahed.
6« John 7* Freiae* ft c plerin^ the Banwl Art a , » p« $»
» t^.v ••
»*I W ii i W r<H fg«n.yto /w» ^tU" •»
*f' i-^ •»'^' .i
{Mi/ .'■' •r'- ■ y.i ' . • • u
/q 0il& lit a>«a lcc<!;*»*Tiq '
Ai .UUSi al Ai*4- -.1*1.. ».t ^rj^iij-a wv*
jb^o^a it«ib«*»*. sr -^xiwS «o^ mbip iton*! "^Ai^s^iiS --OM
-jf,BtHtr> H/?» focrftS ^JtfllatT XiMBWil antral .*« •«# aX^. ^
•
fc{?''»!J:X
.8 ,c ,wtt^ ttnnm ifi^ IffffHfff «««^«^ '^ ^'
. Ifi •
S«&ool« Rloo sprvac up is ChlcMkco^ IniM^f aal
7
BAltlaoM* Durlac this period Aasrioar ld<mt of •duoatloa
««r« d«T»leplAg In tho dlrootloa of jfra-rtdiii^ «t\id«iit pus*
tloipatl«a in «!• w>»fc of th« w>rld* '^ «^'^ i^*iw.v
I>r« ftmkl* of the K&i*ftchti««tt« Inttitnte of
T«tfaology« Boston* and i/r, CalTia H* Woodvjiird or ^ashfngitoa
aalveriity* 8t« Louit, vers ohiefly rMtpomilble fbr the
early deTelopnent of aamial training in thie country* The
latter educator reoosooended a syBtem of Annual training to
begin in the kinders«rten and to oontimte throuf;h the hleh
•olwol*
Jeaea 2. Kuasell« Charles R« Kiohards* and
Prederiek 9» Bonier vore laost Infloentlal in reooonendlne
the enriohed study of handwork in the eleiaentary grados.
this handHorlc they termed "induetrlal arts**.
Other laportant developraents wore the fbundlns of
Teaehers Collese of Colw&bla Uni'verslty, to train industrial
teaehersf and the orgaBlsation of tarious trade aoheols and
industrial eduoatien soeieties*
iBdust rial art; s hat« passod through four stages in
the Ouited 8tate«« nsEieXy, (1) 7hQ Russian or Abstract Stage*
J', '
7. JbJ^,, p. IS* *?-a^.;.„
V
♦ 3* «•
... ■: CilSHKi ...
^A£r£«(s&J.» eaa- ax x-ioa. ..'.,-.. ■.•-
Rl aa:i^a iBiifi i-.- '..:: - »»i.Aq ovan E3-!.? iis-:^..
. 1«.
(t) fit* iMdlCh BUjA Stag*, (8) Th* Arts Mtd Cnift« St«g««
*ad fli»lly« (4) Th« laductrlAl Stiiivl fh* lB*tatrlal 8tfts««
vhieh b«sMi «ft«r th* tun of th* t««nti«tli Mafeuxy* ttllX
ihowt itt iaflvsBM in th* ivai^r high ••ho«l os^aiMtloas
In tk* fblloving fo«r ocKatioii typM of ilivpt tl) Th« Ittligvr
Flu* (8) fh« Oway PUm* (B) Am IhUMll Bftus* Plan* and
(4) Hit Pittil»«n^ PUa.* • r-r**-'
Hlftory of ladmtrtal Artt T— .ehlmc ia t&ma^
Author* ha,<w told of poriods in iridoh th9 ind«M»
10
trial art« dorolepasBt vo
by th« pttplla oaa alto b« iMiiiit«d and dM»nilM»d by thmi or eld
fomltur*, toys, «t«,« omi b« rvfinlilMd. Thlt gXft an •xevl*
l«nt opportunity tot inoulofttlng in tho pwpii th« prlnoiplvs of
food t«at««
How»hold Elootriolty
The study of hovetitold eleetrieity lends Itself per>»
tleularly tot
l» The eonstruetion of bells md busserSj and trens*
flowers «
t. Repeiriiy eleetrieel applianeee i There is as^le
seope for repeirls^ defeotife irons* toasters* oords* ete«
■*■*
8« Eleotrie solderinj; *
Metal forking
The elsswntary sehoel shop need not pvrehase eacpen-
sivs tools for netal vork* but it is possible to proenre the
equipnsnt neeessary for instruotion in the fundoBtentals* and to
oonstruot properly eoae sis^le projeets int
1* Art aetal .
t« Tin ean oraft »
* *,*«>«•»»**••<■. irv-AVm M,>. W.AW
•a?.-
•lE^ «w r » e<t q o* oMletor tt fS ^- ,
♦yv?», fw ftfg •<
Art avtal and tin —n oraft *r« oloaaly alliadi and
of n«arly squAl rwik in perfom«tto«* Bo'te ar« iBtet^99tinf
ABd -vmlvnl)!* to the oourac of study* Tron netal nit^ bo oad*
J|Mr«lry, plfttvi* tr»yi« "book •Bd«« o*ndl«ttioka« plaqtMi*
boxM* paper knives* and toys* Ptipila will aoploy savins^
•olderlac« hameriog, betuliQi;, toollof;^ etohinc* punoh norkf
tonLn^ and appliqud work*
OnltB in Drwfla^
fhe fbl loving units in drmriog eould be worked
into an industrial arts prognoi very «ellt
1« jtaking ainpXe drawings*
i» Klementary designs and deoorations*
'• Blueprinting and making tewpXatef ^t
4» Freehand a ketches *
^2S.' 8« Ttoadiag and workini; drsariags *
6, Cartoons *
7, Posters*
Through these units the popila should leam the
fundaaental rules of draving and design*
wdntCtaAJL
M<^ otMX M0«ffi 9tHf^<i «fi^ •«!«« M(i^ l^ovA
- 80 •
1. i ":■ $ "?x5 ~ :r r;J it Eom»liold M«oh»qiot
thidsr th« heftdlng of houMhold neehanloa* pup! It
•ould lt«m TMoy things of -valtM to them tor use in the hetuit
1* Rapairing houMhold •quipwwittt t Thla night is*
olttd* ■•ndlBK ^fokan ftuniltar*, puttying *m1 rvpftiriag £!*•••
fixing i«iklng fnna«t«» nnd oth«r fairly eoaB»n rapalr joba
arotnd ^h* houa««
Z, Pnintlag aoraaPa« fanoeaj eta «
f» BaBKling and rmmring aaraana *
Carpantry
▲n iBtroduotloa to oarpantry ahouXd ba gXfn la
tha alaawntary gradas nadar tha follavine haadingat
!• halting a balldlnp uadar eonatruotloa*
,,•0,4 «,.
t« Laamlng about diffarent tjpaa o* bnlldlng iaa»
tarlala t Pvplla ahould laara tha typaa of aatariala and thalr
uaaa In aoaatruotlon* auoh aa foundationa* walla* ata»
> 4« Laaralng how bulldlaga ara daalicaa4«
Oaita In Klaoallaaaaaa Grafta -^"'r^ii
■uumv'i^ ijjl% haa baan found adrlaabla to iaeluda tha falla>«>
•. 08 »
^DSffit-i vj.rr I'-T fjerrx few/' •
if.co;, t
V! iM- ii*!*" '
tBittmnon TUBilfoa^. p^±
•t
M|pcuss>
tt^fuossea jfTAv^'ui*.
,fflelci-t'. ■-,..■.
•^N
falbHufi 'i ^* fv^r.^ -^ '''"•-' ' ^-v .■'■■■'.■
- 51 -
%ng uaita und«r ndiovllansous orafta* ., „ ,
!• toathereraft ; Artlolvs vhioh oaa b« aad* of
laathar ar* bill-foIdt« «oin pur««s« D«ltt, haxidbag«« blottar
oom«r«t book (MT«r*« book laarkt, whiskbrsom holders, napkin
hold«r«« pietura holdars* oonb and panoll «a*c«« and dog har>
MS set aad laashes*
S« Pro;1aeta In aXabaatar »
S. Moldad ylar»l» t On* of tha prlBoipal uiaa
aada of this aatarial la tha onnstruetlon of Jawaliy*
*• ^p«y eraft t Xtaita on paper working might i»-
ilvda inatruQtiona in ooloring and dyeing, uaaiuring* folding
and outtingf weairing paper strips into nb^aots such as natt*
hatSa piatura frases* baskets* eto« Paper taring* ovtttlng*
and pasting are reeonnendad for initial training* Qraetinc
eardSf holiday deoomtions* pointed nnixaal toya« and paper
soaaie are suggested, ^tit**
■■''^ "' S« BookblnJinj ;; Alb\aa« aorapbooka« and alaaa
vorkbooka nay be useful iteaa to sake under thla ualt*
•• Weaving I Objeeta whioh oan be noTaa ineluda
baaketa* nata* traya* pioture fraaea« aaating* toy famlttu*a«
"io 9h!>K «4 a** .'♦•ft-/ aoIs^J^A xt'
"X-l-
te ti»&rt» t^ittf. 5«i
-■S-IXftf <rt» •t©.*(:t-«<»f
^.rt«^-2Mf«' x«* t»niJ^Ao» t***"*^ ««rj*ola ^W%K^ ••#«« *«*«JMrf
» fa -
waste pap«r rwdcHitistiiit pothe Idlers, nnA fUlt*
7, 3^ttery >n d aodsll lii g t Powd«P»d olay omn b« us4i4
for s^<ks*<^ jiottmty, -rasM* ashtrftys* tMu>tile«« plates « bowls*
•t««« without rirltt^. Busts, and othar daoorati'ra objaots, laay
ba raodalled frrja olny,
8. Pttppat^raakiBg t Tha hand«pttppat is easier '%e naka
and to handle than the i«irienatt« type, but it is likaly that
the older ohildran would prefer to work urith the n»rs Intrloate
■arionette whiah is oparatad by fstrings*
• • Other ^rojeots i These might inaluda dloraaii« aap-
■akiD§« laatem slides* shadow plays* and soap oarring*
Gardeniiy
^^'^ik'y Gardening 1« a enbjeet freit which aoaeh oan be learned
in miniatura projects, "" ' ' ijosaible for the olass to
use a plot of ground et or near the sohool for a full>soale gal^-
dea* the same prineiples will apply to a window-box or niaiatum
garden. Units of iaportanoe under f^ardening aret
!♦ Feleotirin p.ii'j prep ari nf. t he f; rotia d fo r planting i
aoil •i;s'!-';dm. " ' '■ " ' ' '■'■ ' ^' ' " ' " * "" ■ " ' ^
Study should be laade of the various types of aoll«
2« Figuring oost of seed* fertiliser^ and inaeetl-
s« »
••gr« hf"' .t^f>of'.T'
«^Mr
«tf»»ii«i"»-«**i ,
/■ ,,iBi:A-r ,^i9;ri'-
U3 'if''"'-
t^'
r .1,
■■fciMhciiiMiiiiiiwiiwinaiw "• ■
^
:0»/
n.ri'>
*iT 10 ya ?■'
■TOiy * «i»W
t ^ldrtfe:. .) -. . f'ittg ,!3»ra g^^ :r
ToepEi "lo »#lnO .fW;
CL'.vn,''.. "iifjIfitS
- SI .
•idatt Th« •lass should l«am how to soloot tatd «m thosa
8* Plaatine; the soodi and ^vli^ idio plMrti propor
oaro ,
*♦ H^i^'tiP*! m^ aarlEatlng ragatablaa and flowari t
fhla aould b« nada into a rmry praotioal projaot vhleh vould
girm tha pwpiXa first-hand azparlazna*
6« Salootlon and ears of tooXf t Pttpils should
know how to aoleot tha oorreot gardaning tools for aaeh phasa
'■t ■■'■ 1 "■ ■
of tha work* and how to oara for thssi proparly*
Sawlag
OsoMfa'A •
nia rudlstants of hand-saving should baoowa a part of
•Tsry glrl*s aarly training* Units arot
1. Fundaaantal sawing stltohas i Sawing bags* taa
towals« aproaa* and doll elothas ara good projaats for tha
baglnnar.
«« m
1* M aadipg and daming t Siiq>la nathods of nanding
and damii^ should ba Imught, as wall as tha ia^ortaBoa of
prosqat rapalr to insura battar waar*
«. {lii x
•5lHt
.S
jjotin«« lo liUMn^te^ii. «i<piJ8 «Jpjfe«<^ ^ ^tbcm
. 84 .
i* Mbroidtry t SlaaMntary aabmldttry stitohM
•hottld b« tftught* Th«y might b« utlllMd la d«oeMting th«
•iMMBtery ••■iag pxoJ«Qtt»
*• Slapld oroeheta dffwm irork^ aad knitting i
Buuhnrk of thlt typ« fr^qutatly pro-r«a t j ct rww ly iat«i««t»
iBg to girla of all ag«i«
Tha trua art of haad saving i« in dangar of baacna*
ing a lest ona unlaas tha goiK>oX« oan pro-rlda itisalation on
tha part of young girla to angaga in this aatiri^ at laaat
aa a raaraatian*
STOMAlPr
Oanaral aubjaota and apaoifio unita imdar thaai haTa
baan aalaotad fbr tha alanantary gradaa* It haa baan aonaid*
arad adriaabla by tha writer to iaoli^a the following nina
sub jaota t
!• 1fead«orkinc«
i« Baaaaheld alaatrioity*
S. Matal working,
4« Drawing*
S* Houaahold ■acAvaaioa*
6« Carpentry.
7a Miaaallanaoua arafta*
%
5.v«i< «Mb^ ^eJaw •#*«» el^l««<!» ta« B^^^^trf*** !«•»•
ante jptJiwlirt •iiff «Ji/^^>»^ -^' — -• - V- 3Xrf*«^>^^^ «»«•
- S5 -
8p«oifl«all7 r*«oaBMBd*d for gradss on* throu^ four
«*r« proje«tt in paper or«ft, pottsry* and Bwd«lllng (all usdar
Mi<aallanaou» eraft» )j fbr gradas fbur through cix, th« r«aMdn>
d*r of th« aubj««t«t and fbr all six gradaa^ wcMTinf. Shop i«
rtMonBMndad for boya« but is optional for girls*
i^ »»i«l «>'■:■ AOrj'
of \y« a <r..lftu»« p4*;
^^h^& ♦S
i.ha*'.. not h^bmfsm^v
■ri'.
.. xk/% bi;..' »»«? • *^^'^ ^^ "^"^
-aon-ia -jK'if'.^r
CHiPTBlT
TIm fallowing su^«8tlona ar» bftsod on th« rmM—nh,
•tudy* and panoiMl txjfrimnf of this «rit«r«
Typ»t of T»>ohiin; itothodji.
' iBteitrlftl arts any b* tanght alther in tho eiA«c»
rooB along with oth«r uaita, or it aay 19« taught aaparataly in
thtt shops*
In th> Cla«siv>o»
Ths olassrooB method is reoonMndvd for grades on*
through thr««« Th« najorlty of authorities eonour in the
opinion that oorrslation of handirork with other studies is ad»
▼Isable.
There is alaost unllaited opportunity for saoh eor-
relation through the use of sand tables* oodel grooery stores*
play houses* and aany other aetiTities*
In Appsndiz k there is quoted an exeellent exaapl*
of hov a olass plonio for the tA grade at Orr Sohoel* Chioago,
3^0£-'... V'[::.
,»OTO?^« I ^M ^O ••II •«$: ^A***
,«^»«iiiD ,iooil»9 -nO *» •*«» it •riJf -sat •'jxetq isaT* « weiJ ^«
JlliaolB* vfts worksdl into tuoh * profnai« with th* rttultt
olfttAlflMid th«r»fi«au •A^t. 4*
In th» Shop
The ihop Rwthod la reooamond«d ft>r th« gmd«s four
through tlz*
1? yp<« of Shop I Thar* hft« b«<m snteh diMuislon vf
th« MMparfttlvs trIimi of th« tun typ«8 of «hop-~.tha unit
•hop nod the goiMreil «hop* 3«for9 prooaodlng to «Y«luat«
thMif It it d«Blrabl« to olmrify cotAotly what is meant by
•aoh t«rB mm ui«d in this sttidy*
Th« unit shop peraitt nork of only on* typ* t» b«
dmw* fr 0X»mpl90 It wsuXd b« » shop with fiboilities
•ith«r for mtftlworking* or for woodworking* but not for
b«th«
By general shop is nieaat a shop wherein several
different types of work oan be oarried on, simultaneously or
separately* The (rtMf Mist, however* always be equipped for
a variety of aetivltiM*
fhls study Indicates thst the general shop is the
■ore prastloalf and that it is rsoeswsndtd ky a larger nuaber
I* Villiaai H. Johnson, The Craft Teohnlques as an Integral
^*3S!4'' Far t of feaehiai^ Mettied* (biioage ^uCTio Sohuexs'
lulletin* pp. 34>89.
-J- s3lbft»o«tq •Hotel' :<•
%vl ica iJti jjuAiiiti'.- v let to ^ifijwiisvr
« d^orf
ite ii;;i6vo«ituRfiiMbt« «ac 2>«ziiao t-ii^ ;u6 ::(iotr to sv^np^ svnaT^i;^
•tiff tj; qttda ijirsaff*) <»d:r -^ncis ao-t j^^j^ tXiti
M«VWMMM>4IMMtMWM||MW
«a«Muiou
. 88 .
of •duMiton. It it* la fMt* tii« typ« of thsp in eonwn «•••
.4^4 ^^iHiulpMBt aheiild be lueh that •••h aotlTlty (ma b«
Mrrl«d OB «• a ooaiMtttlir* ualt* In th« ••parate anita th*r*
•hould b* a Tarlety of proje«tt» All jMMb«ri of th« «lass
should not b« r«quir*d to «oi4c on th« mim probl«M at a gi-wn
ti»«« Aftar all tha alacs haa baaa started on soaa sivpla
Introdttstory problssi* iadiTidual projeets should be ohosen.
Instead of haTi&g eaeh pupil in the elass Mtka, for instane«»
a footstool or table* it is adTlsable to hare eaeh child naica
his ova seleetiea and do IndiTidual «ork«
Osaoeratie prineiples should govern the eoaduet of
the shop. It is taportaat that the teaeher is^ley merely
Caidaaoe aad suggestioaSf rather thaa dietatioa.
Type of lastruetioa
The fb Hewing types of instraetlon ha-re been eonsido
erad« and are era lasted below t
^* ]£S!SSSS£.* K**ul^^ of ^1* study indioate that
few or no leeturas should bo givea* Pupils will learn aora
readily from doing things thauelYas aad from seeing then
dona than they trill froa hearing about than*
t» IndiTidaal Instruettoa i It has been ooneladed
that a littla indiTidual iastruotion should be given to eaeh
•» 0C —
« Aw XwffJhrlftft]! odb htOt ssMmIM JNto sM
^i;»^e« '(«X<p» t»if««»^ Mf# ttuit ihwHoqxt tti ^Z .qad* mif
. S9 -
piapll as hm starts hit proJ««t« and that hit work should b«
ohtoktd and eoMumttd upon at logical iatanrals daslgnatad
at tha tiaa of planning hit werk.
S* Pfonttration to tha firoup i Dsnonst ration
to th« olass as a group is thought to bo tha bast prooadnra.
Yhis should be doaa bafora indlTidtxal projeats ara und«i^>
tak»a» with later oooasional instruotloa to tha group as a
vhole to awiatain unity*
4« OoMbination i A raasonabla» balanoad oonbina*
tion of tha abo-ve swthods should ba sought* Any laeturing
xiaaassary oould wall aeooapany the danonstratlon* and would
haoosM aora affaotive through suah Boans* Indi vidua! i&«
ttruotion thould follow tha dSMonst ration to the whole olaet,
with oooasional later iuttruotions to tha gs^up* It should
ba nsMSrisarad that it is highly desirable to SToid tr:^'ing to
taaeh sore than the child w511 be able to
Kotabooks and Written Work
It is not considered helpful to require the keep*
lug of notsibookSs although, of course* pupils nay keep th«a
if thay so desire*
Written work probably It of no Tulua in the thop
• CB
•smew aiid yiJUin^iq 1o ««ii^ erf^ #«
^ III ■ I I I ■ I l» Will
i>Xirgv tea «jiai.^jn;^aa«iM6 luti ^(iUMpK*o*# ^^•*' hiuf yi**«*(nw
-ai XAoMTitiJiI «i«UMK 4»«« ilscio^s^ •Ti;^**)^^ ••sot •«q«»^
•i;»e2( si^i 4nJt.upi^'' ''^^ Ivlqlwi btn^bltaa^ too lit tl
«4;t dl euiar cur '* TtfMfvtf j{fow a•!f.f^sRr
oour««i and it is thought that no homm work thould bf ai«lgn«d«
DiaoipliBq
Th« natur* of shop work r«quir»a infon»I diaeiplinai
Fr««dom of aoTWMBt and spaooh «hould ba peraittod to an crtant
whioh doat not intarfara with work beinc Aona* Vaithar ahould
it indioate laok of oontrol on tha taaohar's part« nor lack of
raspaot for tha taaohar*
Ottdar sttoh oonditiona* attaniion to the vorlcg oour>
taay* and oooparation with otharc should be straitad* Tha chop
provides an axoellent opportunity for tha pupil to learn how
thasa factors aaka his working conditions nore plaasant whila
at tha saiM tims* ha himself is baeoniag aoro aaturt*
ZnfoxnatiOB
Related information should bs utilicad in the shop
program.
On* of tha aost iapertant factors is eorrelatlon
with other subjaats* It is vary halfTul to tha pupil if hf ..
OSA be nada to saa all tha parts in raiatloa to tha whole of
tha WBlt ha is studying* Far aasipla« in tha study of oolo.
nial life, pupils n&ght raproduoa in tlieir netal or woodwork-
ins shops artlolas oonnonly used in oolonial hosas* Through
jbfi/guie i!ft:«(4i<»iS ••aofr ^tttsc/ ifi^w ri#i*? 9^«^'«)»^i ^on a»»o& K».ii-!w
wvvoo «3[^c«r «>iii 0^ ti^iiamiiM ^9Moliiba*» Awn ^mlsaii
,'■<■.■■
- 41 -
-t^it th«7 oottld l«am both tha dlff«reno«« b«tnn««n and th« •!»»
ilarltivi in Induatrial aotivitics of oolonial tinea and th<»M
of the present*
fh« pupil* a personal e3q»erl«iM«s oould be brought to
bear upon the vfork he is doln^ in the shop, Stwh things as
artioles to be used in personal f;iK>onlng oould be nade» or ob*
jeots related to his partievlar hobbies and interests.
IndiTidxials not direetly oonneeted with the elass
but profloient in the fields being studied oould be asked to
gire tallts and demonstrations to the elass*
Teaehing Aids
The ittolusiou of taaehing aids in the organisation
of « program is very oftwi neglected* Hoverer^ they fom an
important part in any course* i^ether speeial aentiea is ssade
of than or no*. It is hop«4 that the «l(i« listed below will
be a'TSilable and helpful to the grade sehool shop teaoher*
t'i ■ glueprinta ; Blijwprints of the pr^5««** *** ^
aade shotild He provided for the use ot the «uplls«
f^' patterns t Although sone eduoators oonsider
~~~~~~" ed wp?*
the use of patterns detrlsental tc the enoouragenent of initi-
atiTe and originality, it is ocnslderod helpful to bund tha baaa i Tha hoaa it
tha baala unit in aoolaty to whiah tha pupil balangs* and happi-
naas in his iaBaadlata axrrlrmaant is dapaniant upon his o«n usa-
fulnaas and iaportanoa. Thosa attributaa oartainly uan ba a&>-
haaaad by his ability to saka Norttaahila oontrlbutiona to tha
fsadly vslfara*
lltamini; te plan and org^nisa y ri e i Participation
in planning and organisixig tha work in adranoa of bagiuning tht
notual projaot will halp tha pnpil aava tisa and a-roid mstaful
■istakas^vhiah will aat amly ai4 hia in sehool. but vill halp
bin to parfbm any job ha nay held in tha fotura.
I<aarning habits of naatnass and orday i Thasa habits*
if attablishad painlasaly in youth* vill aurri-ra through adult*
ho«A« naking tha pupil a»ra -valnabla to industry and aora suooaso*
ful in oonduatittg his paraonal Ufa*
Aoquiring a hobby ; Tha pupil should hars an opportu-
4-Cy jOT. v;^^
Xxrtftir.wr &J«»-4a f'HJ Mdlit •ra* £iqi»^ tbt qlw* Itta *w»lmq l»at%M
^XtflMB j^lgnrc-i.'^- »-' i^mr.-fl XXinr «di!^iiiit at \ »q •«MkM(f«tNit 11
- ee -
ni^ fpr mrw«ylag tha poaaibilitlM cf sMoiy fields* any on« or
B»re of «hl«h atky beoon* • hobby ftor him whloh will b* th«
•otirot of maoh interettlng and p«rh«pi profitable activitsr.
L»ar«»ing to raeogplx and apprcolate good w&riaaac^
gtilp i Xhia <iuality is esasntial to hia a« a oonsvoMur of £oods«
and as a futura oraftsman or produear*
MaklBg a projaot to tal» hoat i It will help the
student to aohiere a real interest in his surrotrndlngs and a
eooperatlve attitude toward his hamm if he is allowed to loake
sueh projects, ^^ a^jLutusMS ^
BiploriB^ various fields of an industrial nature i
Through industrial arts the pupil should aoquire a fundamental
knowledge of the functions and Hethod s of industry* and the
problems and relatienthiiM of the people involTed*
■ » — ■ .1
I^estming to appreeiate the beauty and Talue of
nature t Though industrial arts eonoems itself with the ohaag*
ing of nature's produets* it presents ample opportunity fbr
learning to appreeiate nature's beauty and its intrinsic iralve
as well as its eonrerted valiie*
Trade training is not to be eonsidered as an aia in
eleaentary school education* although the industrial arts pre«
**-'' I ,ii,«n rv I- -- - ^- <
gnm will prtTite » aovoA fOuadUitlon for later tminiag.
S»l<;«tlo» of Subject Matter
Th« followiac ganaral tubjaeta and imita under thea«
presented la ovtllne tota., were noat reprceentatlve of reee»>
Mmdatlona mate by authorities on the subjeot* and of oourses
iB aotoal u«e in other sohoolt*
A« lecdwortdBg
1* 9mll ItmaM of furniture
^- 9* Coping aaw projeeta
S» IhlttllnjE and earring
4. Wood burning
C. Toy repairing and naking
•• Wood decorating and painting
B* Heuartiald eleetrieity
l» Hftllf and buzsert
t* Trimifonaera
!• Bapairing eleotrieal applian«es
4* Kleetrie eoldering
0, MetalwDfldMg
U SkMt Mtal
t« Tin ean oraft
•• Sand B»lding
t8
^s»i'X( t0bHit noiaJ i)*t^^ jj.':jtt^'iii« iis'imiea j«lw*iXol *.ri!I
■ .':"'■"■■■ -^
«rtt»*i:. iwsn.i'l II.-
,3
^mti ufAH mix »%
'III
- 68 .
9« lidtt in dwwjag
!• Making aliqvle drmrlngt
S» BltMftrt^ptlaf
4« Fy««hMMi akstchitig
6« RMuLLag and vorldLBg drawing*
C* CMTteoaiac
7. Skatohlac and drmviiig •■all projaota
8« Poatara
B« H» , ttaahoXd aaahantaa
1. Rapairlng houaahald aquipaant
S« i^iatine soraaiui, fanaas* ata*
8* Banging and renDving aaraaaa
4, Puttying and rapairiug glasa
8. Fixing laaking faoaata
i"* iBtrodttotpiry oarpantry unit
I, Viaitlng building undar aonatraotion
t« LMunnlflig about difi^arant typas of
Imilding aaterial
8. liaaming al>out building daaigna
0. Miaoallanaoua orafta
1 • Laathereraft
£• Alabastar
niKir'Aii^'.
»J a Ibi .-Srfc i ,^ ^5
- 89 -
5. Voided pUstio
4* Papor orftft
I, BooKbindlag
•• W««Tlag
7. Pbtttry
8« Papp«t-iMiklag
■-^r^^- 9, DlenoMa
10. Mft9 Mklag
11, lAntttnx flildat
12 • Soap oarrlBC
U* Solontifie apparatus and nodalt
B. flardening
1* Salaotlac a&d preparing eromid* loamlng
%yp«s of toil and tnltablo looatlent
S. Pigiudng eost of teed* fartillMri, and
iatMtleldae
8* Planting toads and oarlni; for plante
4* Eanrosting and narkoting -ragetablas and
frolti
8« Salaotlott and oar* of too It
Ms thod of Taaohlng Industrial Arts
Tao mthods of teaehing Industrial arts are reeo»>
Bwnded for the eleaentary sehool, ClassrooB hand3K>rk« oorre-
- 68 •
., ,. „ u ;-(« #
•iStt*ici ICC •
■; -;;^ -r p-^ -■ ,.-.-
,8
to« Mltfa^
-«ai »CMI V'- : ■■■■"■i-'^'
«*
BXJCvJ -iO (TUM fc''
. io •
l«t«d vith oth«r studiet* !• *dTit«d for the grAd«« on* thi<«tM()i
thrM* It !■ thoafht that pupila in grmd«s fbur through six
ar« •uffiei«ntXy AdTAzuitd fcr alaplifled shop work, *• a prolim-
iaary to later «dv«ao«d traiBiag*
Of the tao type* of shop possible* the general shop
vhioh Is in eoMoen use is oonsidered aere suitable* sinoe it is
equipped fbr a fariety ef a«tlTities« to be earried on either
separately or sianiltaneously* The handieap of the other type*
the unit shop* is aore or less obvious when it la understood
that this shop Is eqidpped for only one aetivity*
There should be a variety of projeets available in
oonseoutive units* Ueobers cf the elass should not be foreed
to work on the ease projeet ux the sane time* and individuals
should be given the privilege of exereising ehelee of the pro-
jeot to be undertaiosD* Oeoeoratio prinoiples should govern
the eonduet of the shop* with the teaoher aotiug nerely as an
Adviser* not a dietator*
Leoturvs are oonsidered the least desirable nethod
of teaehing in the shop^ sinoe the pupils will loam far nore
fros* first* seeing the work done* and then doing it thenselvss.
There should be a dsnonst ration to the whole buneh before indi*
vidual pfo^eets are undertaken* vith any leeturing noeessary to
aeeo^^any this* Later* individual instrvMtion will be desir-
.^iv '8Q% iv». / qorfit std* i-Jid*
.. arf M:sadii vtastt
flW •« ^X»i«w Sfll^^M tMlooei •li^ <t. i1« «dit lio tdortow Mlt
^iai«^'».lii « :t«iY .Tiua ^iff:<ii
•KOi •Mrt irUN»X tttW «£JtqV<I AfM «f
*i:j>££^ ««o'i«c! aomc luoisa aura as aox^^m^Mt^s^Mi ■« »s dijjane «?e£iu.
•tle» vit^ ohettkiBK of the -work at logiMl iaterralt deflgnattA
at tha tija* cf plamdng aaeh proj«ft%« Thar* nay ha oaaaaioaal
instraetlent to tha vhole trovj^ !■ orAar to saiBtaln t«ity«
Iktaibeokif claee vrittas mrk, and hosamrk ara aoa^
•Idarad of Itttla or no Talus In a thap alaaa.
Tha natura of shop nork dMNAds Infonail dlaolplina*
irlth fraadoa af ipaaafe Mil aaynwt to an axtant uhloh dnea not
IMMirfara «ith imiAi halt«g ^he* Dlaatpllna alfMiM not ba ao
lax that it iupliaa loss of oovtrol on tha taatriiar** par%« aor
laak of raspeot for hia* Points to be straaaad ara attantloa
to the aorle* and aaurtaova and ooaperati^yia attlttttaa*
•alatad Infanatlon lAilah ah««ld ba utilltad la aoiip<
aaotlaa with ^a shop eocrsa iw^nld inaluda aarralAtlaB «ith
athar atudiaa (irtiiah* for aauunpla* «i^t h# aahiairai through
harlBg tha alaas vaka artlelaa vaad in aalaalal hoKet arhlla
aolonSiil tlaaa ara batag itttiiad in other alataaa)t parional
aaKpariaaaai aad AtBoaatratioac a&d talkt by paepla outaiAa «to
alaaa who ara prafiaiaat in ^ta fialda mAar oonsidaratiott,
Tha aftai^Baglaatad taaahing *id« ara rary laiwrtaat
in tha orgatlaatioB of a pngfMi. Taaohlne aida nhioh ahottl4
ba aT«ilftbla Inaluda bluaprlntat pattama, asdala^ «ood fi»-
i<haa« aatioa piataraa and alidatt fi*!^ tripa* tanA library
■fttarial*
ft i^« i^fm *•!# l!tj f<«.*''*'^-s>jf*» ?**h* .('♦f'^'S
'■(j-.'i^ .<."J .', X.'.'tK-r.-
• tlrf* Ji^.-. ■ St ftfSJilo erf* jtOiVftti
•HSU J><?VTjp »».r«»ri« ^ttrr^^s^ ,; -'^ fi'rt
Courf Oriynlf tion
Al«h««i)i flml d«t«nBliiation of -fete pr»bl«M of ««»•
ter and loneth of thop elaaaoc murt bo lofb t^^ to tlio judeMnfc
of tlM aMLaiatrotort oad iBatvttotort« rooulta of thlo rtiady la-
aioftto that two alxtjMBlanto porlodi a «Mk »ro dttlrablo,
A* has alroody boon aoafeloao4« it la thotieht that
tho iaduatrial arta pyograa ahauld bo oartoadod to inolttie all
gyadoa twom tho firat tlu«ttgh IAm alxth, with Iw^Wfiilc la th«
aooaa for tho flrat thMM gmdoa, and ahop olaaaoa for 1^
othoM.
tho ahop pros"* alroaiy has boon awwarisod. BmbA»
work for tho ysmgor ohlldron aight bo baaod on tho throo
porioda of ooow>B7i<>.dDaaatlo« to«a« and national — iiloylaf
^mrloua typoa of aii4>lo handeraft unior oa^ of -Uioao oooaaaiot
in tho atody of fbeda* elothing* aholtor* utoaaila. teola* and
tho kooplng of rooorda. Suggoatod aotlTltloa inoludod aiaplo
•ooklng and aawlag* tho naldBg of nodol ho«a«t« vlllagoa« and
atroota* olajr wtoaailat and priaitiYO toola «hiOh oould bo
vtlllaod in naking projoota* writing on olay ^blota« and tho
vao of aany typoa of papor mrk, Svnh handoraft not only haa A
nnlToraaX appoal for yoting ohlldron« but it alao prc-ridoa tdiam
with a iioll-bala&ood baol;groimd for lator dotailod atniy of th»
Induatrial arta«
S9 .
;^' #2 «!»«««.MmK(t ii»«if ypmnlM ami ftA
' BB» *Ml«iA«T t ,ii.ti3m wist »3ai»^ '-^ '■<"■■ ■v»5-?*''«
^^-f .fcJiWO» )*0|J!# llJt»*.t t .'MS»*W xHm *«»%'#1l*«
B«y« in th» fbttrtti* fiftAi khA ilxth gradM should b«
Mtttir»4 to talw ahof tninlaga •xwptlttg only 1^ mnll p«r-
Mntaea j^yalonlly or mtftttelly unfit to do th« vortc* Althoni^
girl* havtt gtxMMlly takM eooking or Mving vhll* tho boys
woro ha^lnc sxwp tiork* suoh o oenrso nouU be of (root ^ralno to
thmtt and should bo optional*
The boot plan Xbr usoting oxponsos appears to bo to
have eaoh boy pay fOr his projoot vhmi ho tatoss it hono» in
order to glTo hi» an understanding of the imluo of natorials,
Sohool funds ohonld provido aaterials for pupils who oannot
In the aoathly rating of shop ptq^ila« the faotors
nidoh shotild bo takm into oonsidoration are the i^pro-vnont
•aok yiqpil has aado| idiat ho has aoosaplishodt hew smoh know*
lodgo ho has a«iquir«d| his ooninot and effort i and his original*
Ity,
Tho «»ot offooti'vo si so olaso ranges twm tMslvo to
t«onty-flTs pvq>ils« with twenty -one in iihm aiwrago olass*
C0WCLgSI0»8
The oonolttsiens drawn froa this rosoaroh substantiate
the theory that tiio oleaentary sohool ptq)il» his teaser* and
his flnsowmtty, will benefit la nany ways from tho study of in-
«4r UmA9 MftMTS iS^xU lot tti^ffi tOHmifi mH^ >fil
0# «KJ «»l^ »X««q<JA «*W.C3«pR> SCeAd-^MMS TflTi J3Wl<i *8*d ndt
- 64
duatxlal *iiM« and it 1« rMoanmd^d that «& ors«aiMd indua-
iHrtsX arta pvogitMi b« iaiittgurat«4 i« tiM firat six gmd** of
tb« BiXlabove«|^ Qmnrtsy •ohooXa*
<Hm of i^w dMdBMit olcHiMat* ia tho young ohild i«
hla a*o««ai^ for aotor aoti'vlty« OhaaaoXlae ouoh aotirity
ftloag guided and iatolligont path** with progrotsi-vo «t«p« d«->
■Igntd to mak)* aXlovmnoos for his inorMtingly finmr ooordina«
tieat aad akilU* it nMMMxy if bi« «MrfiM aro to b«
diraot«d toward eraating of hia a watura paraoa* oapabla of
parfdndng tha taaka whioh will baaat hla en all aidaso Sa
ia poaaaaaai of Ik fiiadaatantal urga to oraata* with hia brain*
•artainly, bwt prlaarlly wl^ hia aa yat xodaTolopad haada.
Tba first^gmda ^lild finda hinaalf in ralatiraly tha aaaa
poaition aa waa prlaitiT* bmi with raapi» ot to hia koowladga
of and ahlli^ to }um aijqpla toola ia a eraatiT* — nnar. Aa
ha growa oldar« hia abilitiaa avolTa ia tha aana way mankizul'a
abilitiaa hara awDlvadi he neada to ha aat at taaka irtiioh ara
eonataatly baaoniBg no re ooaqslieatadj ooaraaaaumta with hia
pi^aiaal and aantal prograaa* to prevent atagnatioa* Reaaarah
haa proTed that the ahild aotually ean laam aore by doing
thinga than he aaa by reading or hearing about than. Conorote
•spariMiee ia neoesaary before he eaa graap abatraetioaa with
any faeility*
^,-. •■•.•:»ttj? i. ■ »*«<
Jeota*
Th»T9 art ■ftVQT d*«jlimbl« qualitlM whUik aa iudu*-
trlal art* prognm t«Bd> to foa-i;«r iu tk* ihild* It 9Mo«v»
ag«t indiyiduaJ. InltlatiT* and originality* i^ila •aphaaiKlns
tha neceatity for oourtaay and oooparation with othara, Balp*
lag in oXast projaota praparaa hia for an ■rtlaritaailng of tha
•oisplioatad intardvpondanea of ail puepiaa ia the aooiaty o£
today* Ee gatt an iaaif^t into Hm atmotara of induatry aa
It danrelepad ttom ita prindtiTa origl&>«throagh •iiq>la pre*
jaata vith oorrolated atudy«*laading to aara ooapjlioatad pro*
If t^a popila ia tha aarly gradaa are giTaa propar
foundationa for later aork« oartainXy ttaoaa in tha fourth*
Sixth gradaa vlll ba raady for aora adfaaoad work ahioh aan
baat ba gtvan in the ahop*
Tha awiMiiiilty will banefit froa an atesaatary
aohool iaduatrial arta prograui whieh divarta energy vhiirik
Might baaoaa daatroatira if left ungvidad* ta ahaaaala whioh
anooaraf;e tha daTalopaa&t of uaafttl* h^ppy aitiaaaa* Ihaaa
ahildren will baaoate the diaartainatinft aonaaBara* akillad
eraftaaNi« and lntallir;e&t» ooiiaoiantious prodnaars 0:1 ahosx
tha eoBBLunity toaorroar vill dapand*
loo, induatrial arta tazula to atiaulata interest ia
the hammt *^^ ia the aoquiaition of hobbiea vhioh provide happl*
it- ■
.■■■ ■:. ■' .• !. ■ ■ ■ ••• '..•• ■ ,;.;;;?; a;/&'3j,
•1 (7^ r-' .fas;.''
'iCq^r' ?/!jh;ir/; .loIrSii Ei,-,;';;'id "c::) ffc j'..fi:2 i'^ -jfljcvi 0;ttf
• 6C ■>
IMM« A oapabl^t ^ppy« siAturc «itisoa« vho ttadorstasdi th«
intriMolss of 8oolety« oortaioly !• soro of an %•••% to iAm
■iilMliUjl than the disgmntlod misfit «ho oan ooatribxtt*
nothing to tho gsoertil irelfkrv*
Tha taaoher at tho laatt Tdll derirv « gr««t d«*l
of personal aatitfaotioa from oooing his elasoes naturo undar
hit tutolaga* sad baooae oooporativo and ooastruotiro iadivid*
uali* It should aaka hit teaohing Job far oasior «hon iMsona
aro prosontod in tenas tho elass oan readily uadoratuid*
Although Taapa has reoognisod tho iaportanoo of
industrial arts ednoation in tho hlf^r gradoa« in tho light
of this r«soaroh it soens that a progran for tho first six
gradoa also should bo integrated into tho ourriouloa* Iho
purposo of oloAontary sehool oduoatioa is to iapart gonoral
knowledge and training whlsh will bo of equal raluo to all
•tudoBts« If this aia is to bo aohiorod* surely industrial
arts should bo an integral part of tho teaohing program*
Tho writer hopes that this thoaia nay have oontri*
biitod at least soao helpful suggostiona in olarifying tdio
fu&otion of an industrial arts prograa and oralnating its ia-
portanoo to the oloawntary sohool«
... J',A
Of AUK
«««i|'Mi:"
> Hi ta
0.i-4A>tiMi, ,,
AyPEKDIX ^
vSt^B'^Elrt*?-,
-laas nvvs-^^riaf^ ~
'"%At"»*r
u
/^ iV^ fjj;; * '-f--
««»■» i-£'--i^ ■•
▲PPEIBIX A
Th»r9 i« yvprodiMMd b«lov a oopy of aaitvriftl «m-
floywd by a l(«««)Mr of th« Zk grad* in Chloago «hioh axanpli*
fiM tiia •orralatien of handNork in a alaat prajaot*
Chaptar v
wSBiU A POBLXC PABK
By Marjorio Raioh
Orr Sahool Grade 2A
ObJaatlTaa of tha Usdt
A« To yrovlda altvations in uhl^ tha ohlldrm
hara aonathlag to «ay and an opportunity ta
aay it*
B« to vidan ahildran*a intaraats.
C« ta pMMBta tha natamtloB of Childran*a
•aaial ratpo as aa ia nonal situationa.
D« fo aaqtiaint thaa «1^ tha aaaraat aalglk*
boilioed park*
!• To daralop a working knowladga of tha naigh»
X* Willii H. Jahnaaa^ Tha Om ft Ty^mi^aaa a« an Intaxyal Ptrt
of Taaahii^ Mathod , Cliiaago ^^\i6 Sohoola Bullatin* '
pp« S4^9.
■■'•ii:.- ;.i^. n^fi^ »m
iOlAi) OUSRH A
M
borhoad tr«a»porfcatioa«
F, To iaatilX ft sena* of oivio rvaponsiuility*
8. To iMid ohildrvn to a» atppi-aeiation of aind
a detira fbr certain )cnowl«dg« and skilla
wuloh require £or nastcry* zoutin* or
drill irork* (Th* thrae S't*)
Mathod of Introduction
During a olaes disousaion tha ohildreu ba^an to
•paalc of thair luamar outinga. Eaoh told about
what he mxiayA inoat at a piouia, vutil aatiuai*
aoK raaili [vi'^ auah a p««k that aavaral young*
stars suggestad that «• hare a pionia of our
own.
Organisation
A. How tlM Projaat Wat I)aYaIopad
1. Claaa.
a« D).aou«3ion.
b* Lattar writing.
a. Oaaiding what aouaittaat war* naadad*
B, IndiTlduala*
1« Snggastad gastaa*
!• Brought in pioturaa*
S* laad ralated natarial*
4. 9aTa oral eonpoaitions*
0. OeMdttMa. "^MMiiPtt*^
1* Bautina fbr tha day*
>• Lun«& (propar food).
<• TnunaportatioB*
4; Social nioatiaa to obsarta*
•• Qawaa to play*
()• What things to notioa*
• 3ffi *
«n>i.I'd'c->2:
.'.d-
s-:--jl.
i59'.
c;rv.™w
i;.j z.: :.
:>«« '
■HI «» f
hml «T
,0
air.
■!■ ,,ii^O'J r,l.'
• act&«'0£! si^nevj ',.
;{)
■rH 10 &o,(>'^'ff:'4
T .tt
•»
!• Clasa.
a* iifti* bookl»tt« tilling th« story of tlia
trip or r« luted inoldvnt* (illustr*-
tiont, ooapositloiWt and vritixag),
b. Oav« th«ir own ii^rataiont of th« day
through th« use of art aodiat paint*
lag or olay andtllac.
t. ladiTldiMla,
a* Mada baanbaga to usa ia gaaaa*
% b« Oellaatad pioturat and aada ladiTidoal
•orapbooka •
X« •• Mada ptqipata to uaa la atoryotalllas*
4« MMa pottary after aaaing and baaoaiag
iataraatad ia a huga alay pila an routa
to ^M park*
S* Ooamlttaaa*
a* Mada a naighboziiood map.
b« Mada plaaarda diaplayiag Itmohas*
a* Vorksad oat tabla panonuao /Ti^* ahowiag
tha parli^ tha lafooa* the bridge* the M»
■iaiatratioB Buildiag* tha oonaervatory,
and tha opea spaoaa with tablaa* banahat«
traaa and ahniba*
Am Taaohar*
a* Jiaka a dioraaa of a winter pnufk aoana
(later) ahowiag ehildraa faadiag tha birda
to awakaa ehildren*8 interest in aeaaonal
ahangaa ia ovw enriroBBeat*
b« Mada aentreral piippeta for ahy ohildrMi to
uaa ia talliag atorlaa*
Edoaatioaal Oataoaaa of Dait
▲• Soaial and CiTla.
•i^ ■■-fl ♦IS
^
f^tuc^ a* viiJiq v;«X« os^a « n i
tS^
* to -
!• Baoh «hild it iMittlng to mNilisa hit plao*
In tht world at aa indlridval vorkiag to-
Kard hi* oim daalraa and at ona of a groi9
workiag taward group Idaalt with a tanto of
oivle raapo&iibllity that oolori artry aitu.
ation.
S» Baah ehild it growing in tha ability to
ahoeaa tha batt ratponta to arary aritiag
•ituation*
a. Bofv ta traat palilia tn^loyaaa and e-t^ar
woriBtra*
B* Prapar baharior toward olaianatat*
B« Fhyaiaal.
1« Svary opportunity for tt rat ting haalth mlat
if baing utilised*
a* Otttdoor playu^frath air*
b* Propar alothing*
0* Proper food (lunek)*
d« Cartful play*
t* Safaty it baing ditauttad and pieturad*
a* Crotting ttraatt*
b. Obtarring traffie tignala*
a. Riding in ttreet aars and antonobllat*
Carafnl af windowa and doora-«ga«d brakaa*
d« ?igilanoa againtt dattraatian by fir*.
0. Craatita*
1« Childran ara growing throu|^ psrtoaal axprai-
•ion«
a« Oral aaafotitioat are wora to tha paint.
b« Vrittan aowpotitiona ara wall thought out
and often practiaad.
a* OonatmotiTa affortt ara planned* and
tonatiaaa naka neaattary further ttudy*
d« Eaoh a%taiqrt it leading to a oore apt and
alaarar interpretation of the individual
■I- G\' •*
?TtfW 40
• (4aMrX)
►iwn^
3 ^(!#<»1«8 •*
. .'nil ^cT fioJt^tot j^avb iN«£*}i
.rff■.*f■s^tt5 «0
"•aa 7 ■;;•««. ijMe'»i»'| Krv'ii'ii^l :r;i'?-"«-s5 f.'i* raf;
■•/■ ,'H^
\.3Mz .':re J .
.3
. n •
thov^t or ld«a«
8« 9roi9 «q»r«taieBs ar* laodiflsd and isi-
fliMiio«d by th« group,
D* AoadMd««
1« XtMb«r lorka
*■ liap ■ftkiag l«d to »tt &ppr««lctio& of
•Ito «nd proportiMi m w«11 a«
■•••••itatttd tho •oontlng of ^lookB aiUI
th« use cf th« rulmr la laylac o«t a
plftB*
V b« Tht ooiurbraotlon of a rouai ioa* for th«
Adainistration building was qulta a pus-
BtM *1^« vBtll it «aa MfgM^cd that tha doma
%«. leokad Ilka half aa orans* and tha oranga
paal naa out la aaotiona.
a* Soora aarking 1& gaaat naaaaaltatad addi-
tion aud aubtraotloa drill*
C* Baadiog and Phoniag.
a.
a» Tha projaot lad to a wider intaraat In all
thiaga vhiah aauld ^ aatiaflad in part by
hooka* aagaslnaa and papers*
b« aaadiag aad phonloa baaaaa dasirabla
•todlaa baaauBo tha ehildran began to rMU
llaa thay '^•n ify to satlafaotion in tha
book vorld*
!• Writing and Spalling.
a. Oroath in aooial relatlona lad to tha
daaira for tha approval of and goad
fei.lowahlp of eoapanlona*
b* Letter writing and itory tailing
HJ. !* neaaasitatad olaar, leglbla handwrlt*
ing and proper spelling*
■It my *^-^'ifi
'^^W; fS
*»#■ "left ft-w.-ii) .H.tf;f-"{ 4 1;-> attivtuntesioo
fifig^ ..■.■' ',..';• F. '>;'■.- .^Kir. ..■ -.«>•••.< V f r * iv, • ..,;».
• IlJtA - it iiiiA
«£^ ■-:, ^'J'i •'K«)W '^.... ;^.V.<.
..^i^>.>.4. dOA IMIfl^ivV aft
•i^jfmdbfl': '.«£» is*-'
t*-* Ui VAf-|(i.T
- 71 -
Bibliognqihy for ChlldFm*ai Ovn BMuUag
A* fturkt or Ploaivi.
BmiI Ufa S«oond Iteadtr* by 0. M* Martin.
"A CMq)iitf^ Trip*, pp. 108*118.
Bmt StorlM* by iRrjori* Bar^*
'*Th« Zoo,** pp. U8«13S.
Bl«<m Book T*o, by Blson-Oray.
"Sow Tom Wsnt to tho Fklr," pp. 20-26.
*Tli« l««r*8 Pioaioa'* pp. ei<»68«
*Brl|^t Ifymt «Bd tko Aoorn*'* pp. T4-79.
lag and Puff, by Harjerio Bardy.
*foliiK to a PloBio,** pp. lOl-llO.
B. ArlthMtlo.
Iiaibor Sterioc, Book Otto. by Studobakar.
"Aalaal Storloa,** pp. 10«100.
••Tho CirwiB,** pp. 101-1401.
Walk* aad Talk* in Bnalwrland, by Aaltb.
**Plonie Topioa*** pp. It* 94, S9» 68» 61«
«6. Tt, 78, 79, 84.
"•taMt," pp. ZU 40, 70, 71, 108,
0. Safoty.
!•» Storiat, by Marjorla Bardy*
"Tiut Roaeuo," pp# 110-117,
•P»li««am," t>p, oft-M.
PMt aad Story Priaar, by Suasalle.
**(l»ixM5 to Sohool,** pp. 6S-64.
''Bafafty Flrat," pp. 65.
Child Story Flrat liaadar, by yraacom.
*Tha PiroMB," pp. 118-118,
**?!» PolloaBaB," pr>, 119-120,
Blaoa Book Two, by Slaoa-Oray*
*Ib« Baa Savod Sally," pp, 1K)0.206,
'*Tha Yowa^ flraaan," pp. S06O-212.
Maid nr»t Keador, \ry "H, T. Plaid.
*Wm Bad Took Cara of Jaaa,** pp. 68-75,
D« Baalth,
My Baalth Bablta, by VhitooBJb-Boraridfa-Tovnsond,
• )|T
^.IbM^Jf ««• n^mmbl '^ttmsukl^.tn
♦qrj "»oi^
':<tA aS
•lit"
>««e •rfT*
.rj?T' .f tfooQ flr««XI
. 7> -
Sooiftl Soleao* Xwktom, by H» 8. Xaad*
•My* BrowiU a««o«ry Stor«»"
Tlftet «nc! Story ?ritMr, hy SutMllo*
"*• Sloepy Towa," pp. 116-124.
Mamj and Jenny Kabblt, by &«rl«
"Qollig to Soho«l,* pp. 7*13,
"Haby Babbitt,** pp« S8*d4«
B. Iatur« Stoi^«8*
Th« Sinking F»nMr« by Tippett.
*Tr»M OB th« Fana«** p. 49*
Th* S«aaona« pp. 75<-89.
Bacy Boftd to Seadln^, Pirat, by C. J. Salth*
*Th« Berth Wlxxda*' p. 7.
"Tha L»af," pp. 9-11,
"The 7r«e ^teana** pp. 83*86 •
•The Baater UXy," pp. 107-12X.
The Outdoor Playfiooae* by Edwarda aaA Shaman.
f. Tranaportatioa.
Johnny and Jaasy Babbit by Serl*
"Ckilag to the Store*" pp. 71«81.
•At tAie Fam," pp. 81-41.
*Shatii««" pp. 82-66.
Tales and Trarola* by Uartin.
•Shopping for the Vialt," pp. 6-10,
■The Trip," pp. 11-18.
•The Pilot Boat*" pp. 26»S0.
•The Big SJiip," pp. 31-40.
•The Bua Trip," pp. 58-61,
•Blisa Ann*i Ride*" pp. 86.93,
•PMirie Stiseonera to AlrplaBea,* pp, 111»118,
Sooial Soienae Reader* by H. S. Bead,
•Ab Airplane Hide."
Blaon Book Two* by Elaon-Oray.
"The Red Tfagon," pp« 125-129,
•AbnUMK lAaooln*" (eorared wages)* pp, 194-198.
flood fines First Reader, by bryee-Hardy.
•Dark Pony** pp. 27-88,
PleXd Pi rat Eeader* by Field,
•All Aboard** pp. 116-122,
•llhat a Lame Boy Did*" pp, 131-189.
•itil^.£cS .lb .0 Xii «;^H•xi^ »?.
tv* « ^p5^ « -i'
•iY4en[«/::i:^ AO* iln4U'<
► It-JL'.
« .4 --J «
ftifp"
iv;.
. I-iW »q<( «♦!
ja/fis*
. 74 -
■eclAl S«l«Do« Bsadar. by H. S. E«ad»
"A Stoi>y About Boats."
K«v Stcriei* by itarjorie Hardy*
"Tim Start," pp« 23-35 •
"TakiBg the Train," pp« 36.62.
"A Trip with th« laitasan," pp* 76.82.
"Dowfc lOTO," (The "L"), pp. 91-104.
APPHfDTX B
-::-.:sk:
B«M«r« Pr«d«rl«k &•« and Jiotaaui« LbI* Oof f^jr* ladiMtrial Arfet
for Sloaagf ry S«hool< « lew Yorkt Ih« tiaosdl'lan CoBqpany«
BoBMr* Frodariok &•« Induat^iRl Ayt«» Hor Torkt The Maoalllan
OoBpaagr* 19S4«
•&•§•!« Bog* #•« Art Aygrtoiattoft , Saw York: Stophsiis Day
California Mata Currioulua Conaisaion* Toaohara * fltdda to Child
Drra l ^ ifl la tha Intaraadiata^ a>a4aa« Saoraaaato^
daii'fontiai Tal'iil'onu.'a Statu IJopartaant nf Eduoatlon* 19S6«
ehanry* Raya»iid« ttoEaral Laatheroraft » EIooniBctoa« Illiaoia)
HaKaiglit and MoKaight, IS46«
SaMao* ▼letoy» Craaiira Taaohing in Art » SoraBton« Pannsyl-vaniat
Intamational 'taxtbook Coopaoy* 1S4$*
I>a«ayt John and iSralyn* Our Sohopla of Toaiprrow , Hew Yorkt C. P»
Owttoa and Coapaay* 192^. ' ' ' '
Davey* Joha« Racan Katura and Conduat* Saw York: Baary Holt and
Oaapaagr* ^989 •
Dobba» Blla Vlotorla* Priaary Haadiroylc . law Torki Tha Haeaillwi
Coapaay* 1914*
Ospp, Katharine Sllaabath* Ilw PXaoe of Indmtrtaa ^ EXoaantary
EdoaatiM* Gnioago^ li'linoi*: f& 'IJnivarai'ty of Cliioago
ff»9, 1910.
J. ^,^^^„^^
y;-V9»j.Vl«B>t^
_„diU
■i!l
*<»« K ltiiWl|i lr il M l » I ^ IMil I*
jAlfravI^a'fn*^ .ft'j'v.s'vaL *:' Trr!.rff,cs^ oTf:t,'no'i3 ^%o&9i<f ^MAraO
*" ""' - t<sir«0 ban Mtfthrti
>'? ?!all >^uf>ncO btia rnvt^A (umM. ^&tHt «t*"<A
salty-- ,tu^-~iiir.^-rd rtmi^ *Mift9t9if MtOL ^»4€ia
.-V. ^
i:>s"* si? «iJit9^Miii toivMf^/a »q<pa
. 76 .
9vMg«Mis» Aadr«w« Cr»»tiv» Jfwalry , Rcfw Torki BAi^«m And
BrotlMrt Puailiahlag OnmMay* 1947,
F«o]la« Illinois t Th» ifeunni Art
in In*ajtrt*l Arti •
Art«""Sr»««, 1940'»
Bil«toB« ftMrniMl B«, T»aohimt thm laduatrial Arta* Paori*^
Zllinoiit Th« ikmMii ArtTT^at, 1946.
rryklvndf T«nM C«« and LaB«rg«, Anmad J«« gww . f*! ^p ^od^
ypritii^. Bloeaington* Illiaoltt MoKnight an^ MoKnlgkt,
1946*
Origaby* )lKd*ly&« 8# w it TowrMlf < law Torkt Cheatar S. Elak
Ooapany. laaorporatad^ 1946«
Vjorth* HanHuOf Prinoiplaa of ^pdworidp^ . Paoria* II linoia i
Tka Manual Arta Praaa,*T944,
■ii(gar» Oarald 0*« Baoant Caraaj o ityiXptvaf in Oraat Britain.
Landan* foglandt Jdlm Taranti Coolpany, Ltd«« 72 Charlotta
Straat, 1946,
Xeka« Marguaritat Arta and Crafta . law York* A. B« Bamaa and
Co^panxt Inaorporatad, i94ii'«
JolauMtt« Hillian H.a and Pana« Isadora M*« F< mdanantaila of Indua-
trii^ Arta a nd Tooational Bduoation . CMoagot Tha
Qoodhaarti>wi\laox bonpany* Inaorporatad, 1943*
Krauaa* Halan K«« Bay>niaa for Aaariean Hoaaa an d Qardana.
law Yerkt Tha MaaoaiTlan Company, 1947 • ' _"" '
Laa* Mwrry J«« and Doria« Tha Child and Hia Onrrioali»« larv
Torki D. Applaten Cantiuy'Soapakay* itdO.
MaHtunnr* Oaaar L«« Bggan» Oaorga W,« and Midfurry« Charlaa A.,
Taartdjy of Induatrial Arta ^ in tba Blaaantary Sohool .
laar TorKr~Tha Maaadllan Co^>any« 1924»
Manual Arta Confaranoa Coonittaa on Pablieation* Induatrial Arta
in Modam Eduaation. Paoria, Illiaoiai Tha Muiual Arta '
Praaa. 1934.
liahola* Floranoa vr«» Art for Yowig A— rioana. Faaria« IlliBolBt
>la« Floranoa r*» Art for Yoim^
Tha Manual Arta Praaa* 'i942*
9&&SPimi^ ... ^.,^.*J ^Vf-.'-
Afj/'i Sf
>••?. o '11 'rsjSa , i^foT
«f.K > "^s ■:.__ ■.<i« bo* «*t rnsH •••^
•4%& tmoA
- TT -
Pftilsi* Tony* Cra ft*— n ^ * II Iitftmotion Bikndbook» Kev Torkt
Sdu««tloi»i Materlftit* lno.» ld4S.
PIftl8t*d« lAtxra !••• Bfcndwork and ita Plaea in Bart y Bduaatlen*
Oxford t At tht CiLareiiilen Praia, 19 IS*
Baynoldif B. Atwood* Co aiplato Book of apdem Crafta * CXav»>
laad and law Tori:i T?i»'rld Pablialiifnf Coapany* 1946.
Sargaat, Waltar, Pina and Induatrlal Arta in SXawantary Soheola t
Boatona Oinn and Conparx:'! IbIs*
Sal-Tidcac R. «•• and Frykliad, Yarn 0«, ftrlnaiplea of Trad a and
l adnatrial Taaohlug* Paorla« Illlaoiat xka Maatial lAjrta '
^raaa, 1940«
Shaa, Jelm 6aral4« Wpojbrork for Brarybedy< Seranton, Pannayl*
Tanlat Zntamationa'l Ta]?Qkook Company* 1944*
StaffaH* JuBa« Banderaft Inatraatlm Beak . Baa Torki Bdiiaa*
tional liatarial«» Inota 1944. '
9truak» Thaodora ?•$ Craatiya Taaahia^, Znduatrial Arta and
laaatlonal Bdaaatioa. 'Sum Vorki Joka Bilay and Soaat
InoanK>ratad« 1916 •
8truak« Thaodora F»« Fwmdationa of laduatrial Bdueatien* Baw
York* John Wiley a^d Soiaa, Ineorporat«d« 19S0.
VanMMt WilXlaa H„ Induatrial Art a Daalgna . Faorla, Illiaolai
Tha Uaanal Arta i*ratt« 198S* "^
Bailing* Jane Batay* and Calkina, Charletta Ulait* Spaial and
Indttatrial Stndlaa for ^ha SUaantary gradaa» ' PhiladaJphia i
J, I^. lippinao^ boRpanya 19m«
Billiaaa« Waltar Bollwua Induatrial Arta Hi ate ry» Seraston*
Pwwaylvaniat Intemaiianal Taici'tiook OompMyj 1940 •
Biaalaw* Laaa Loyd« Filaa i n Bvtainaaa and Induatriaa « Kaw Torkt
Me6r«»-Bill Book Conpaay, inaox^ratad* 1947.
Wiaal««t X<aoa Loyd« Tha I»t<^ratad Sfrtwol Arta Pragrw * Bav
Tarkt Maftraw-Hill IBook Con^ny, IneorporaTaaTlSsd*
TT ■»
--T-r — ■'*•
.w ;^.vi'«^*i6.e- r*»« :'^'^f-.-.- *!.:■. „ . ■■" etarfiWWfP .d&fflifi
■ !i.;U*<,-
«V#'^i
*;225SI!2!i 5-. . . 'iff
. 71 -
^tt}tt A])T9ham» Industrial Arta HHt»ry « H«w Yorkt Xh*
flovarTBMgt Publloat3.ona
Bi»tuAaI tiurrey of fiduoation. Volume Z« 193i-1936« Chapter 1«
"^iHt'eBentary^duoEtioti", 1930-1936. ."Jashington, D, C.i OoT-
•nnent Printing Oft'ioe, 1940*
Muoatlon Bulletin 2€» 1930, "Teachers' Guide to child derelop-
■ent." WaahingSoa« D. c«i OoTermMnt Printing Of flee*
Bdueatlott Bure«a« Bulletin 1917» no* £• '*nn»»ttie«dle basketry
ia sohoola,'* tteehingtoa* i). C.t*" OoTermient Psintiag
Office* 191T,
MMation Bitreau* Bulletin 1926, nc. }A, "Cyelee of garden life
AaA plaat life* aeries of projeet* in nature study for ele-
nentary sohools*** Washitigton* D. C.t Qovermuent Printinc
Offiee, 1926,
Bducation Leaflet 51* "lbio« your sohool ohlld.** Washington*
D, 'C«t Go-7en»0nt Printing Offiee* 1989*
Muealfcton I<eaflet 62* "Knov your aodem eleasntary sohool."
IlKsniBgton* D, C.i GoTeraaent Printing Offiee* 198fi»
UueatioB Leaflet* Bulletin 1987, no. 34. "Industrial arts* it*
iKterpretatioa in Asierieaa selioels*" flashincton* D. C.i
Oo-rernnent Pristine Of floe* 1988.
Idueatien OfflM, Bulletin 1946* m, i^* "How to build a unii
uDrii." Washincten* t, H^t Oorensseat Pointing Offiee*
ldu8atie» Paaphlet IT* "Industrial edueation seetion of the sur-
r»f ei* tne BafTklo pi^lit seheolt." WashJnrton* D. C.t
OoTensMBt Printing Offiee* 1981.
Industrial Eduoation Olrsnlar 8. ^Organitation of instruotlenal
material in iadiTidnal uaTts*" Washington, D, C.i GoTem*
aent Printing Offiee* 1928*
-flfoC !,0 *ll
t^--
',:V«fi
.umwtMM. 9tii$MatA
i> :» _ .- ., „
■iS •?..» rf»--a. ..■' «., .vJJ
^i^-i-'
r r4,--.»rf>ST
,00 [ ^'-t ;:»ja»fB;^'jnr!5i
Jij|>S
«^»8
«ikOi«.t. ««•'
. 7f •.
I n|iu»tri»l Bdttpatlon Ciroular £, "Contribution of «orr««pond«n»»-
lnstruoi:iOB mothods to lig^astrial •AuentiOB*" "^ahini^iif
D. O.t Co-vrttmvt Printing Offio«, 1922,
Indu«trial JBduoation Cjrettlar 12. "Problwis of org;«iu.satiott la
indiutriAl •dtMAtiOBa" liiSu3iiaeton« D* C«i Oo-remmnit
Printing Offlge, 1?22.
IjBjdmtrlftl lidttoation Clr<uX>r ST* *^«l««a of tli* BMiual arti*"
1lli««h'i'n^n, \jI» C: ' C'oVemnwnt Printing Offlw, 1927,
▲ddy« Uarthft La** 'VQiat ii Good ChiidAnoe in the Elemontary Bduea»
^^^f* MMMA^fuu VoluM 68, Mo. 7, ii*roh 1948, pp. 4S0-
Bonnardst Alfrad J*» "^Art for Art's Sake." The Art Hews* Va«
York« SWBMr 1943.
Br«d»»ll« Kable, "Proa Depeadenoe to Independonoe**' Chi ld Ed tw
oatlettj i January lt48« pp« S19-St4« "*'*'
CaaQ>bell« Blanoh«« '*Flan fo r Outdoor Play •** Parenta Mft^afne j
Chleago* Illiaaiai The Parent Inatitut** Ineorpo rated*
July 1948. pp. 48-49.
Chriaty* Slaer V.* "Derelepaant of Induatrial Arta in the
Gineianatti Public Schools •** I^uatrial Arta and Voqational
Bduoation Magaaina, Veluwe 8ttt V^* t« February V^l.
MilimulBee* WiaoonaiAt Bruoe Publiahiag Company, pp. 46»5t«
Oafraaoe* J, A.« **lA«n Without Crabj^raaa.** Tltnfr Oreweft Maw
Yorkt Kllliam Preaa, July 1946. pp. 628^6S.
Dletrieh, Oraee L.» and Eunnlout, C, W,, "Art Contenta ^Preferred
by Priaary Uhlldraa.'* The Kleaea tar y Sohool Journal,
Ohieago^ Illinoiat Thai varsity o'i Chieago Preaa« ^u'ly 1948.
pp. 8fi7»5S9*
Indas* Claude &., "Should Only Indltidual laatruetion bo UaedT"
Indnatrial Ajfta and yoofttioaal Sdueatign Ma^tlne, Milwaukaa,
WiaeonaiBi Bruee ruljiiahlB^ Company* y«ibruary 1941.
''««i '■«>»
,.:.^ai ,&6»i'ic jjjC^jVix'i'i iv-
,aj-i-'
we- . ■ , :i
■i>-i
.80 -
Ttkj, B«rt3CFt B., "Bav to for th* Bandy iten." Ben«r Bom* <wd
Card<na,» Dos Uoinea, Iov«i U»r«dith PublTsMng Corapeoy.
larriiigton* S. L«« '*A Sohool Hobl)y Prngram.** Indua trial Arta
tad Veaational Bd uoatlon Mfcgating , VoltoM Mj ko« V.
Ui'lvauka*. WlaooaVlm TTruoa Put^iahing Conpamy, Ootobar
1640. pp. S2-40.
Hobbs, Harry J,, *^orklng with foola," Ar t a Craf%a.Bdtt»atl on,
■Mr lork, 1944,
Boimrd« Emuty, *'Oard«n Ollnlo.* B»tt«r Howa and Oardena ^ Dat
Iiolnat« lovat Maredith Publiaking Conpanyc July 1949,
pp, 1CU12,
Laughran, Hcmard* "Suonar Pruning Ouida." Bettar Vomob an<^
Oardana , 9aalfoin««« Iowa: Maradlth Publiahing Cuapany,
July 194S, pp. 146-149,
Loinbargar* Arthur* "A Bat la a Bat," The jfamerj Claolanatti*
Ohiot Automobila Dlgaat Publiahi&g Conpany, Suomer 194B,
Malay, Donald, "Auto Viaual Aida," The gat ion 'a Sehools, 1948,
pp, 5o—58,
IfoKr* aaof|;e 1T,« "Soimd Pllaa for Uae in Induatrial Arta,'"
Indua trial Arta a jid Yooational Sdueation Magaalnej Ullwauke*
Wlaoonslnt hruo<n^u^jlld):iing Company, February 1640. p. 61,
"Motion Pioturea in Induatrial Arta." Induatrial Arta a n d
VoeatloBal Bduaatiea Ma^aalna, Mil«aukea» H'laooaaint Cnte*
Publiahiag Coapaay, \pril 1946, p. 148,
lalaen* Jland« M,* "Taaohing the Handlaapped Ohildreu in their
Hoaea." The Inatrueter, DaaaTllle« ifew York* May 1S48*
f, 10,
lelaon, Maude U,, "Teachiixg Tour Children to See," Aaerleaa
Hwae ^ Maga«ine« Bew Torkt American Borne rfagasine* Ineor-
pora^ed, July 1948, pp. 10-21,
Hasaoat* Maurioe V,, ''Gsnera* Eduoation Heeda Induatrial Arta,"
"fha Bati0ii*a SehooU" , June 1948, pp, 88-29,
0-
I
- 08 *
!., ^,r.
:j>9fM
QH iMrOl
I %^U»
•iJ'Ci ail
'.•'i.f-.- <. .'• .-.'cs^J' r r^:
*-^9*w—^ .■-«w.--ir«*«r»4»--^' ■•■ it*w»i»>.
- 81 •
"Plotur«s and Table Matohing Pattemf.* Anarloan Childhood,
low Torki lillton Bradlay Company, January 1948* pp. 32-40 •
loagh, Arthur L«, "Trendfl Influencing Indnstrial Arta." Indua*
trial Art* and Vooational Eduoat^on liaiea«ino« Milwaukoo*
Wleconiin: Bruee Publishing Gocipany, Maroh 1940. (Voltqao
34. Ko. I.) pp. 64-63.
Sella* Helen* "The Studio." Goo d Houaelceepipe Ma<i;aaine, Hew
Torki Hearit Magasinea* Ineorporated* August 1948. pp. 70-
81.
Sehool Bulletina and Handboolca
Ade, Lester K*, "Cre&tiTe Hands and Purposeful Actirities in the
Blenentary Sehool." An Industrial Arts Bulletin. Bullotitt
3M » Harrisburg, Pennsylvania t Commonwealth of '
Pennsylvania. Department of Puhlio Instruetion* 19S9*
Coze« John £•« Industrial Arte in Louieiana . Bulletin No. 627,
Stat© 3>©partnent of iiduoation of Louisiana* Baton Rouge,
Louisiana! January 1948.
Johnson, William H»« "The Ci*ft Teohniques as an Integral Part
of Teaohing Method," Chioago Pub li e Schools Bullg tin.
Chieago, Illinois ( Chioago Board of Sduoation, 1956.
MiohaelSc Williaa J., et. «1.* Industrial Arts in TJtah , Part On««
"a Handbook for Teaehers and Administrators." Utah, 1941,
Mleheeli* William J., et. al,. Industrial Arts in Utah, Part Ivo«
"A Course of Study." Utah, 1941.
Viekell, Vernon L«* "Illinois Currioulun and Course of Study
Guide for BleiMntary Sehools." Ciroular Serie;s A, yo, 82,
Springfield, Illinois, "
i"XJ8 .
'■I ;faa,s.i'..^ ,fe* vi-ivii',^-aiij. t^i)t:>i:.jb^i(M<«» vS:
S5-''c.'.dT>cT£}T brj-f! RrrJt*6'.fy:i!;' fnorta^
.,):,»<. J. 2 <t .. „ .. ^ '■■
1
Date Due
^
^
J
N, C, Thesis
_Dfldd
S-hnrly Af inriii atrial arts in t.Vie
■^'"^^ ele. school
DATE DUE
HWStT'*
BORROWER'S NAME
fi'-MjL. 'Cfi.>y/yyZ^
-p
PRINTED IN U.S.A.
TVNews
OpenLibrary