See other formats

Full text of "A supplementary Latin composition"

torn 




Supplementary 




Nutting 

o 



UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 
LOS ANGELES 




GIFT OF 

U.C. Library 



A SUPPLEMENTARY 



LATIN COMPOSITION 



BY 
H. C. NUTTING, PH.D. 

INSTRUCTOR IN LATIN, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 



ALLYN AND BACON 

Boston ant) Cfjtcago 




COPYRIGHT. 1901, 
BY H. C. NUTTING. 



Xorfaoofi 
J. 8. Cuihing & Co. Berwick It Smith 
Norwood Man. U.S.A. 






PREFACE. 

As its title implies, this manual is designed, not to 
take the place of books based on the old methods of 
Latin Composition, but to supplement them. The 
need for such a supplement has seemed apparent to 
me in my visits to secondary schools. 

The two most common methods of study are (1) the 
use of sentences based on a text to which the student 
has access, and (2) grammatical reviews in which the 
Avork is arranged according to topics. A student put 
to the test, after completing one or both methods, will 
generally be found lacking in concrete knowledge ; the 
first method gives too much help, and the second is so 
long in its completion that many points are forgotten 
before the end is reached. 

As a corrective for this state of affairs, chance col- 
lections of examination papers are often used, but this 
is not a wholly satisfactory expedient. This book 
offers a substitute in the shape of examination papers 
which, in a small compass and systematically, cover 
the ninety-one points of Latin syntax outlined in 
the following Grammatical Introduction. The sen- 
tences, for the most part, are based closely upon the 
Orations and Philosophical Works of Cicero. The 
division into Lessons is one of convenience merely ; 
the real units are the Parts. Each of the six Parts 



49G138 



iv Preface. 

gives the student a chance to illustrate, at least once, 
all the points outlined in the Grammatical Introduc- 
tion, thus providing for six complete examinations on 
the essential principles of Latin grammar. The order 
in which the principles occur varies from Part to 
Part, as does also the guise in which they appear, the 
aim being to make the student recognize the construc- 
tions on their own merits, with a minimum of outside 
help. Where it seemed necessary, a reference to the 
Grammatical Introduction has been given. The hints 
on vocabulary in the footnotes should be followed, 
for the principle to be illustrated sometimes depends 
upon the use of the word suggested. 

If, as one Part is completed, the student be required 
to put special study on the places where he has shown 
weakness, before passing to another, he ought, at the 
end of the work, to have a grasp on the essential 
principles of Latin Syntax. To some, this ideal may 
seem too low, but those whose duty it is to look over 
papers presented at college entrance examinations 
would not be sorry to find a large decrease in the 
number of those who think that the infinitive is the 
mode of purpose in Latin and that ut and the sub- 
junctive is the proper form for indirect discourse. 

I am deeply indebted to Professor C. E. Bennett for 
helpful suggestions on the Grammatical Introduction. 



H. C. NUTTING. 



BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA, 
August, 1901. 



LATIN COMPOSITION. 



GRAMMATICAL INTRODUCTION. 
SYNTAX OF THE CASES. 

I. Accusative Case. 

1. Extent of Time and Space. (I 1 

Note that this construction occurs with 
the participle naius in expressions of age. 

B. 2 181 ; G. 334 ff. ; A. 256-257 ; H. 417. 

2. Double Accusative. (2 

Used with verbs of Teaching, Asking, 
Demanding, and Concealing (celo). In 
the passive, the accusative of the person 
becomes the subject, and the accusative 
of the thing is retained. 

B. 178; G. 339; A. 239. 2. c; H. 411. 

3. Accusative of Result Produced (in its use 

as Cognate Accusative). (3 

B. 176. 4; G. 333. 2 ; A. 238 and 6; H. 
409. 

4. Accusative of Exclamation. (4 

B. 183; G. 343. 1; A. 240. d; H. 421. 

1 In the Lessons, references are made to the Grammatical 
Introduction according to the marginal figures at the right. 

2 These abbreviations refer respectively to the grammars of 
Bennett, Gildersleeve, Allen and Greenough, and Harkness 
(Complete Edition). 

1 



2 Latin Composition. 

II. Dative Case. 

1. Indirect Object with Transitive Verbs. (5 

B. 187. I. ; G. 345 ; A. 225 ; H. 424. 

2. Indirect Object with Intransitive Verbs. (6 

Such as signify ' to favor, help, please,' 
etc. 

B. 187. II. a ; G. 346 ; A. 227 ; H. 426. 

(a) Impersonal construction in the pas- 
sive, and dative retained. (7 

B. 187. II. 6; G. 346. R. 1 ; A. 230; H. 

426. 3. 

(6) Verbs compounded with ad, ante, con, 
etc. (8 

B. 187. III. ; G. 347; A. 228; H. 429. 

3. Dative of Reference. (9 

B. 188. I.; G. 350 ff . ; A. 235; H. 
425. 2. 

(a) Expressing Separation. (10 

B. 188. 2. d; G. 347. R. 5; A. 229; H. 
429. 2. 

4. Dative of Possessor. (11 

B. 190 ; G. 349 ; A. 231 ; H. 430. 

5. Dative of the Agent. (12 

Regularly used with the gerundive ; 
generally with the compound tenses of 
the passive voice. 

B. 189 ; G. 354-355 ; A. 232 and a ; H. 
431. 



Latin Composition. 3 

(a) Direct Agency expressed also by the 
Ablative with a or ab. (13 

B. 216 ; G. 401 ; A. 246 ; H. 468. 

(6) Intermediate Agency, expressed by 
the Accusative with per. (14 

G. .401 ; A. 246. b ; H. 468. 3. 

6. Dative of Purpose (Service). (15 

Much used in connection with another 
dative of the person. 

B. 191. 2 ; G. 356 ; A. 233. a ; H. 433. 

7. Dative with Adjectives denoting Fitness, 

Nearness, Likeness, etc. (16 

B. 192 ; G. 359 ; A. 234 ; H. 434. 

III. Genitive Case. 

1. Possessive Genitive. 

(a) meus, tuns, etc., used for the possessive 
genitive of personal and reflexive pronouns. (17 
G. 362. R. 1 ; A. 214. a. 2 ; H. 440. 1. N. 2. 

(6) Possessive genitive in the predicate 
when the subject of the sentence is an 
infinitive. (18 

B. 198. 3; G. 366. K. 2; A. 214. d; 
H. 439. 5. 

2. Genitive of Quality or CJiaracteristic. (19 

Must have a modifier; often in the predi- 
cate; applied generally to permanent or 
essential characteristics. 

B. 203. 1.2; G. 365 ; A. 215 ; H. 440. 3. 



Latin Composition. 

3. Genitive of Value or Price. (20 

Verbs of Buying have the price ex- 
pressed by the genitive only in the case 
of tantl, fjuanti, pluris, and minoris ; other- 
wise the ablative is used. Other genitives 
also, as pann, magni, etc., are found with 
Verbs of Valuing. 

B. 203. 3. 4; G. 379; A. 252. a. b; H. 
448. 1 and 4. 

4. Genitive of the Whole (Partitive Genitive). (21 

B. 201 ; G. 367; A. 216; H. 441. 
(a) Nostrum and vest mm, Genitives of the 
Whole ; nostrl and vestri, Objective. (22 

B. 242. 2; G. 364. R. ; A. 99. b. c; H. 
175. 2. 

5. Genitive with Adjectives. (23 

Mostly Objective ; sometimes of Refer- 
ence (Specification). 

B. 204 ; G. 374 ; A. 218 ; H. 450. 
(a) With similis. (24 

Genitive commonly used when the ref- 
erence is to living objects ; both genitive 
and dative of inanimate things. 

B. 204. 3 ; G. 359. N. 4 ; A. 234. d. 2 ; 
ft. 435. 4. x. 

6. Genitive uith Verbs. 

(a) Of Remembering and Forgetting. (25 
B. 206; G. 376; A. 219; H. 454. 

(b) Of Judicial Action. (26 
B. 208 ; G. 378 ; A. 220 ; H. 456. 



Latin Composition. 5 

(c) With Impersonal Verbs, such as miseret. (27 
B. 209; G. 377; A. 221. 6; H. 457. 

(d) With Interest (and Refert). ' (28 

Referring to the first or second person, 
either verb is used with med, tua, etc. ; so 
also with the reflexive sua. Referring to 
the third person, interest is used with the 
genitive. 

B. 211 ; G. 381 ; A. 222 ; H. 449. 

IV. Ablative Case. 

1. Ablative of /Separation. (29 

A preposition is used when the ablative 
denotes a person, and when the verb is 
compounded with ab, de, dis, se, or ex. 

B. 214; G. 390; A. 243; H. 461. 

2. Ablative of Source. (30 

B. 215 ; cf . G. 395 ; A. 244 ; H. 467. 

3. With a Comparative. (31 

To be used only when the first of the 
things compared is in the nominative 
or accusative case. 

B. 217; G. 398; A. 247; H. 471. 

4. Ablative of Accompaniment. (32 

Cum is regularly used with this abla- 
tive; may be omitted in military phrases 
when the noun is modified by something 
else than a numeral. 

B. 222; G. 392; A. 248. a; H. 473. 1. 



Latin Composition. 

5. Ablative of Quality or Characteristic. (33 

Must have a modifier. In many cases 
not to be distinguished from the corre- 
sponding use of the genitive ; it is also 
used of bodily characteristics. 

B. 224; G. 400; A. 251 ; H. 473. 2. 

6. Ablative of Manner and of Attendant Cir- 

cumstance. (34 

' Manner ' is differentiated from ' At- 
tendant Circumstance ' by the fact that it 
is regularly restricted to abstract words, 
e.g. celeritate, virtute, etc. An Ablative of 
Manner requires cum, unless the noun has 
an attribute. 

B. 220-221 ; G. 399 ; A. 248 ; H. 473, 3. 

7. Ablative of Cause. (35 

B. 219; G. 408; A. 245; H. 475. 
(a) With gauded, laetor, doled, etc. (36 

B. 219. 1 ; G. 408 ; A. 254. b ; H. 475. 

8. Ablative of Means. (37 

B. 218; G. 401; A. 248. c; H. 476. 
(a) With utor, fruor, etc. (38 

B. 218. 1 ; G. 407 ; A. 249 and N. ; H. 477. 
(6) With opus (rarely usus). (39 

B. 218. 2 ; G. 406 ; A. 243. e ; H. 477. III. 

(c) With Verbs of Abounding and Adjec- 
tives of Plenty. (40 
B.218.8; G.405; A. 248. c. 2; H. 477. II. 



Latin Composition. 1 

(d) Ablative of Price. (41 

Under this heading are included magno, 
plurimo, parvo, minima, which express In- 
definite Price. 

B. 225; G. 404; A. 252; H. 478. 

(e) With contentus, fretus, praeditus. (42 

B. 218. 3 ; G. 401. x. 6 ; A. 254. 6. 2 ; 
H. 476. 1. 

9. Ablative of Degree of Difference. (43 

B. 223; G. 403; A. 250; H. 479. 

10. Ablative of Specification. (44 

B. 226; G. 397; A. 253; H. 480. 

(a) With dignus and indignus. (45 

B. 226. 2 ; G. 397. x. 2; A. 245. a; H. 
481. 

(b) Supines in -u. (46 

B. 340. 2; G. 436 and x. 2 ; A. 303; H. 
635. 

11. Ablative of Place Wliere. (47 

Preposition is omitted when the noun 
is modified by such adjectives as lotus, om- 
nitt, etc., and when the idea is figurative 
rather than literal. 

B. 228 ; G. 385, 388-389 ; A. 254, 258 / 
2 ; H. 483, 485. 1. 2. 

12. Ablative of Time When and Within Which. (48 

B. 230-231 ; G. 393; A. 256; H. 486. 



8 Latin Composition. 

(.) Dating. (49 

If the English date coincides with the 
Kalends, Nones, or Ides, the Ablative of 
Time When is used. If it falls on the 
day before any of these, prldie or (in) ante 
diem is prefixed to the accusative. Other 
dates are reckoned as ' so many days before 
the Kalends,' etc., and are commonly writ- 
ten in an abbreviated form ; e.g. VIII Kal. 
Oct. After finding the real number of 
days between the date in question and the 
Nones, Ides, or Kalends, it is necessary to 
add one day, for the Romans counted the 
day at both ends of a period of time. It 
should be noted that the Kalends are the 
first day of the month following the one 
in which the date falls; i.e. for purposes 
of dating, June 1, for instance, is May 32. 

B. 371 ; G. Appendix ; A. 376 ; H. 754. 
13. Ablative Absolute. (50 

B. 227 ; G. 409 ; A. 255 ; H. 489. 

V. Motion to and from Towns and Small Islands ; 
also Domus and Rus. 

(a) Limit of Motion. (51 

' Into the neighborhood of ' may be ex- 
pressed by ad and the accusative. 

B. 182; G. 337; A. 258. b and N. 2; H. 
418-419. 

(6) Motion From. (52 

B. 229. 1 ; G. 391 ; A. 258. a ; H. 462 
and 4. 



Latin Composition. 9 

SYNTAX OF THE VERB. 

I. Subjunctive in Independent Sentences. 

1. Non-interrogative. 

(a) Volitive Subjunctive in its Hortatory, 
Jussive, and Concessive uses. (53 

B. 274-275; G. 263; A. 266; H.559. 
(6) Optative Subjunctive. (64 

B. 279 ; G. 260-261 ; A. 267 ; H. 558. 
(c) Potential Subjunctive. (55 

B. 280; G. 257-258; A. 311; H. 552, 
555, 556. 

2. Interrogative. 

(a) Deliberative Subjunctive. (56 

B. 277 ; G. 265 ; A. 268 ; H. 559. 4. 

(6) Repudiating or Rejecting Questions. 1 (57 

These are questions of indignation or 
surprise, in which the speaker rejects the 
wish or thought of another, usually in his 
own behalf; more rarely, he speaks for 
another person. 

B. 277 ; G. 259, 558 ; A. 268 ; H. 559. 5. 

II. Prohibitions. (58 

The common form is noil (nolite) with 
the infinitive; cave ne with the subjunc- 
tive is sometimes used. 

B.276; G. 271-272; A. 269. a ; H. 561. 
1 Most grammars make 57 a subordinate class of 56. 



10 Latin Composition. 

III. Substantive Clauses. 

1. Of Result (59 

With verbs of Bringing to Pass, Hap- 
pening, aud Following. 

B. 297; G. 553; A. 332; H. 571. 

2. Developed from the Volitive. 

(a) With qudminus and quln after Verbs 
of Hindering and Preventing. (60 

B. 295. 3; G. 549, 554; A. 331. e. 2, 
332. <y ; H. 568. 8, 595. 2. 

(6) After Verbs of Admonishing, Com- 
manding, etc. (Substantive Purpose). (61 a 
B. 295; G. 546; A. 331 ; H. 565. 

3. Developed from the Optative. 

(a) After Verbs of Wishing and Desiring 
(Substantive Purpose). (61 b 

B. 296. 1; G. 546; A. 331; H. 65. 

(b) Following Verbs of Fearing. (62 
B. 296. 2 ; G. 550 ; A. 331 /. ; H. 567. 

IV. Purpose and Result. 
1. Purpose. 

(a) Ui, ne, quo, and <jui, followed by the 
subjunctive. (63 

Quo is generally chosen when there is 
a comparative in the purpose clause. 

B. 282; G. 545; A. 317; H. 568. 

(b) Supine in -um after Verbs of Motion. (64 
B. 340; G. 435; A. 302; H. 633. 



Latin Composition. 11 

(o) Gerundive and Gerund. (65 

Genitive of either, with causa or aratid. 
Accusative of the gerundive with ad ; 
gerund so used only when the verb is 
intransitive. 

B. 339. 2 and 6; G. 544. R. 2; A. 318; 
H. 626. 3, 628. 

2. Result. (66 

Subjunctive introduced by ut, ut nun, 
and qui. 

B. 284; G.552; A. 319; H. 570. 

V. Conditional Sentences. 

1. Nothing implied as to the reality of the sup- 

posed case (Simple or Logical Condi- 
tions). (67 

B. 302 ; G. 595 ; A. 306-307 ; H. 574. 

(a) When the subject is the indefinite 
second singular the present or perfect sub- 
junctive is used in protasis. (68 

B. 302. 2 ; G. 595. R. 3 ; A. 309. a ; H. 
578, 2. 

2. Supposed case represented as contingent 

(Less Vivid Future or Ideal Condi- 
tions). (69 

B. 303 ; G. 596 ; A. 307. 2 ; H. 576. 

3. Supposed case represented as contrary to 

fact (Unreal Conditions). (70 

B. 304 ; G. 597 ; A. 308 ; H. 579. 



1 2 Latin Composition. 

VI. Concession. 

1. Cum with the Subjunctive. (71 

B. 309. 3 ; G. 603 ; A. 326 ; H. 598. 

2. Quamvis, licet, ut, and ne tvith Subjunctive. (72 

B. 309. 1 and 4; G. 606-608; A. 313; 
H. 586. II. 

3. Quamquam (and tametsi) with the Indica- 

tive. (73 

B. 309. 2 ; G. 604-605 ; A. 313. c and e ; 
H. 586. I. 

VII. Causal Constructions. 

1. Cum with Subjunctive. (74 

B. 286. 2 ; G. 586 ; A. 326 ; H. 598. 

2. Quod, Quia, and Quoniam with the Indica- 

tive and Subjunctive. (75 

B. 286 ; G. 539 ; A. 321 ; H. 588. I, II. 

VIII. Time Relations. 

1. Postquam, Ubi, and Ut with the Indicative. (76 

B. 287; G. 561-563; A. 324; H. 602. 

2. Cum with the Indicative and Subjunctive. (77 

B. 288; G. 580, 585; A. 325; H. 600. 

3. Antequam and Priusquain with the Indica- 

tive and Subjunctive. (78 

B. 291 ; G. 574-577 ; A. 327 ; H. 605. 



Latin Composition. 13 

4. Dum, D^onec, and Quoad with the Subjunc- 
tive. (79 

This mode is used when suspense or 
design is involved. 

B. 293. III. 2 ; G. 572 ; A. 328 ; H. G03. 
II. 2. 

IX. Indirect Discourse. 

1. Infinitive and Subject Accusative. (80 

B. 314; G. 650; A. 336. 1; H. 642. 

2. Tenses of the Infinitive. (81 

B. 270; G. 529; A. 336. 3; H. 617 ff. 

3. Subjunctive in Subordinate Clauses. (82 

B. 314; G. 650; A. 336. 2; H. 643. 

4. Conditional Sentences in Indirect Discourse. (83 

B. 319 ff. ; G. 656 ff. ; A. 337 ; H. 646- 
648. 

X. Miscellaneous. 

1. Conditional Clauses of Comparison with 

Quasi, Tamquam, etc. (84 

Though the conditions are contrary to 
fact, Latin generally chooses the present 
and perfect subjunctive if the sequence 
allows. 

B. 307; G. 602; A. 312; H. 584. 

2. Proviso ivith Dum, Dummodo, and Modo. (85 

B. 310; G. 573; A. 314; H. 587. 



14 Latin Composition. 

3. Quln with the Subjunctive after Negatives 

and Interrogatives implying a Negative. (86 

Under this heading are included the 
uses of quln which do not come under 60 ; 
the subjunctive expresses characteristic or 
result; sometimes the ^Bin-clause follows 
such expressions as non dubito. 

B. 233. 4, 284. 3; G. 555. 2, 556, 632; 
A. 319. d ; H. 595. 

4. Subjunctive of Characteristic. (87 

B. 283; G. 631; A. 320; H. 591. 

5. Subjunctive of Indirect Question. (88 

B. 300 ; G. 467 ; A. 334 ; H. 649. II. 

6. Subjunctive by Attraction. (89 

B. 324 ; G. 663 ; A. 342 ; H. 652. 

7. Impersonal Use of Intransitive Verbs in 

Gerundive Construction. (90 

A transitive verb rarely follows the 
same rule. 

B. 339. 4 ; G. 427. N. 4 ; A. 294. c. x. ; 
H. 621. 2. 

8. Gerund and Gerundive used in Noun Con- 

structions. (91 

B. 338-339 ; G. 425. 27 ; A. 297 ; H. 625. 



PART I. 



LESSON 1. 

1. Youths enjoy these pleasures. 2. He is aging 
(lit. is old) in body, but not in mind. 3. It will be 
agreeable to both of us. 4. May the immortal gods 
avert this ! 5. Caesar returned from home happily. 1 
6. The cause of Sulla does not appeal (lit. is not pleas- 
ing) to all. 7. If some god should grant 2 it to me, I 
should refuse. 8. He remembers to whom he is in 
debt. 3 9. I am afraid that he will come. 10. Old 
age takes us away from business. 4 11. He was associ- 
ated 5 with Catiline. 12. There will be a slaughter of 
good (men) on Sept. 10th. 13. Do not think that I 
shall be here. 14. Tiberius Gracchus reigned a few 
months. 15. Cease to think 6 of fire and slaughter. 

LESSON 2. 

1. Though (cum) he was augur, he dared to say this. 

2. Within a few days he will be made high-priest. 

3. He waged war when he was an old man. 4. Be- 
fore I commence to speak of 7 the state, I shall say a 

1 fellx. 2 laryior. 3 debeo. * res yerendae. 

6 coniunctus. Introd. 32. (Reference is made to the Gram- 
matical Introduction according to the numbers at the right 
margin.) 6 obUvlscor. 7 de. 

15 



16 Latin Composition. 

few words about Antony. 5. They said they were 
bearing a load heavier than a mountain. <>. Most 
pleasant is the old age of those who are cherished l by 
the young. 7. He was summoned to court 2 by his 
sons, that they might accuse him. 8. Old age does 
not prevent us from retaining 3 a love of the coun- 
try. 9. I never assented to these words. 10. He 
thought so highly 4 of Tiberius that he went with him. 
11. Exercise 5 has preserved a measure (lit. something) 
of Caesar's strength. 12. He rules over people 6 who 
possess gold. 13. He is a man of great strength. 

14. Cicero bought these things for 90,000 sesterces. 

15. You perceive already, though (tametsi) I have not 
told you all. 16. He advances, relying on the senate. 

LESSON 3. 

1. Rashness 7 is (characteristic) of youth, prudence 
of old age. 2. Caesar accomplished much 8 greater 
and better (results). 3. I beg you to remain in this 
town. 4. Are you waiting till we cast you out ? 
5. From Thessaly he returned victorious 9 to Brundi- 
sium with the legions. 6. Then the old man is said 
to have read a book. 7. He says he would not have 
reached 10 the gate, if he had stopped " at Brundisium. 
8. Good men should be counted 12 happy, even though 

1 colo. 2 in indicium voco. 3 Introd. 60. 

4 Forms of puto and tantus. Introd. 20. 

6 exercitatio. 7 temcritds. 9 victor. n sitbsistu. 

6 is. ea. id. 8 Introd. 43. 10 perveniu rul. 12 



Latin Composition. 17 

(quamvls) their strength may have failed. 1 9. There 
is no one from whom 2 I may learn._/~10. I should 
prefer to be upright 3 and poor rather than evil and 
rich. 11. With what valor did Fabius take Taren- 
tum ! 12. He does not wish his death to be marked 
by (lit. abound 4 in) lamentation. 13. If you are dis- 
gusted 5 with such citizens, show (it). 14. This must 
be borne with resignation 6 by the wise. 15. Noth- 
ing is so like death as sleep. 

LESSON 4. 

1. Death is easy for the old. 2. Peace was con- 
firmed through his agency 7 and (that of) his children. 
3. Philo never exalted 8 himself over friends of lower 
rank. 9 4. They thought it to their interest 10 to appear 
grateful. 5. Sulla was in a part of Italy that was 
free from suspicion. 6. A few days before his death 
he spoke on immortality, just as though 11 he knew he 
would soon die. 7. Let us examine these matters. 

8. They brought in an old man to take a seat. 12 

9. Albinus used to mourn because (he said) he was 
deprived of pleasures. 10. It is (a thing) most 
dreadful 13 to hear. 11. When (ubi) this was heard, 
they raised a cry. 12. If our fleet is not great, where 
will be the name and dignity of the state ? 13. Every 



1 deftcio. 


6 molliter. 


10 interest. Introd. 28. 


2 untie. 


1 Introd. 14. 


11 quasi. 


8 probus. 


8 antepvuo. 


J - sede.u. Introd. 64. 


* abundo. 


9 ordo. 


13 taeter. 


8 taedet. 







18 Latin Composition. 

man has ! enough of his own troubles. 14. To me, 
friendship seems to spring from likeness of disposition. 2 
15. Your father was (the) first to defeat the Cartha- 
ginians with a fleet. 

LESSON 5. 

1. Youths delight in the precepts of old men. 
2. From 8 the parents he demands a price for 4 the burial 
of their children. 3. They are enduring servitude 
(lit. are serving out 5 a slavery). 4. I am concerned 6 
(as to) what sort (of man) he is. 5. He secured fame 
not by his own merits, 7 but by (those) of the state. 

6. Why should I fear, 8 if I am to be happy after death ? 

7. If one 9 cannot become an orator himself, still he 
can help a Scipio or Laelius. 8. Concerning this 
(matter) there is no need 10 of many words. 9. I do 
not wish this blessing taken from 11 me. 10. Since 
(cum) the mind is eternal, it will have no end of 
motion. 11. No one is so old as (quT) not to think 
that he can live a year. 12. glorious day when I 
shall proceed to that divine assembly ! 13. In the 
praetorship 12 of Gaius Caesar, Eufus was judged 
guilty 13 of wrong. 14. This came to pass because 
of the injustice of the praetor. 



1 Introd. 11. 
2 mores. 


6 Case form of cilra. 
1 meritum. 


10 opus. 
11 Introd. 10. 


3 Introd. 2. 


8 Introd. 57. 


12 Introd. 50. 


4 pro. 
6 servio. 


9 Second pers. 


13 condemno. 



Latin Composition. 19 

LESSON 6. 

1. Nothing is done in their absence. 1 2. If you 
had not lost the city, I should not have retaken it. 

3. I made 2 you understand what these thought of you. 

4. I never doiibted that our souls were a part of the 
universal mind. 5. I sent the soldier to get 3 water. 

6. This season is suited 4 to the reaping 5 of fruit. 

7. (The onset of) old age must be resisted. 8. He 
said that there were two crimes to which the love 6 
of power would drive Catiline. 9. Happiness 7 is 
assured (lit. sure), if only health remains. 10. What 
shall I say of Caesar's acts ? 11. Murena's style 8 was 
unworthy a philosopher. 12. It is perhaps hard for 
those who like (lit. are desirous 9 of) such things, to 
be without (them). 13. I never could be persuaded 
(to believe) that our souls die when they leave these 
bodies. 14. Thus it happens 10 that we do not care 11 
(to do) the thing which has been ordered. 

1 Introd. 50. 6 percipio. g cupidus. 

2 Introd. 59. cupiditds. 10 flo. 

3 Gerundive of peto. 7 fellcitds. u libet with id 

4 accomoddtus. 8 consuetudo scrlbendl. as subject. 



PART II. 



LESSON 7. 

1. The work is heavy (lit. great) and abounds in 
difficulties. 2. Who would deny that he is a good 
man ? 3. None have 1 a just cause for 2 taking arms. 
4. To-day is August 13th. 5. There is no one who 
does not wish (lit. but wishes) to use a horse. 6. Vir- 
tue is free 3 from love of self. 7. The foolish fellow 
fixes its value at a very low (figure). 8. What, pray, 
is Hortensius to do? 9. The body, too, must be 
cared for. 4 10. With what enthusiasm he used to 
speak! 11. He came at early dawn 5 to greet 6 the 
consul. 12. I yield the army to you. 13. A friend 
begged him to kill some one of those who were in 
fhains. 14. Provided that there be (lit. be present) 
moderation, strength will endure. 

y LESSON 8. 

1. I am afraid that I shall not increase the glory 
of the consuls. 2. He withdraws from Mutina and 
ceases to besiege Brutus. 3. Therefore let them 

1 Case form. * subvenio. 

2 Lit. of. 6 lux prlma. 

8 expers. 6 Note verb of motion in main clause. 

20 



Latin Composition. 21 

withdraw, let them separate themselves from the good. 
4. He praises the book as though he wished to imitate 
it. 5. They think more highly l of the Eomans than 
of the Sabines. 6. Your children were a pleasure - 
to you and an advantage 3 to the state. 7. This 
law both consuls and people regret (lit. repent of). 

8. I remember, nor shall I ever forget, that night. 

9. Those (things) which you judge to be to the state's 
interest 4 must be done. 10. Before I show that this 
was done, I want to speak of Caesar's life. 11. There 
is need, 5 not alone of natural endowment, 6 but also 
of training. 7 12. And so, after (postquani) he had 
spoken with Junius, he left 8 the house. 13. Do not 
wait until I mention the wrongs of the allies. 14. One 
could see 9 the couches 10 spread 11 in the servants' 
rooms. 12 

LESSON 9. 

1. Unless you buy oil, 13 your lamp 14 goes out. 15 
2. The nearer 16 1 am, the better I seem to see. o. We 
cannot always drive out error by reasoning. 17 4. Day 
would fail (me) if I should attempt to say all that 
might be said. 5. These (men) would seem bold to 
you, if they were not soldiers. 6. Relying upon the 
sanctity of the tribuneship, since (cuni) he was armed 



1 Introd. 20. 
2 voluptds. 
3 usus. 


6 ingenium. 
7 exercAtatio. 
8 excedo. 


10 lectus. 
11 sterno. 
12 (Ta. 


14 Ziimen. 
16 Introd. 43. 


* interest. 


9 Introd. 55. 


13 oleum. 


17 >-ai6. 


6 Introd. 39. 









ft/ 



22 Latin Composition. 

with the laws, he came into the city. 7. Unless 
Caesar had helped us, we should now have no state 
as a result of (lit. by reason of) Antony's deeds. 1 

8. In friendship the chief (feature) is (the fact) that 
the greater is on a level 2 with the lower in rank. 3 

9. Cicero bought the books at as high a price as 
Catiline wished. 10. There is no unfailing rule 4 
for 5 living well. 11. It is (the part) of a wise man 
to avoid trouble. 6 12. Plato called pleasure bad, 
because (he said) it harmed men. 

LESSON 10. 

v 1. I do not think that immortality should be dis- 
dained by a mortal. 2. Not so many are possessed 
of (lit. endowed with) virtue as wish to seem (so). 
8. Bad though (quamvls) the speech may be, it will 
aid some. 4. These things ought to be of as much 
importance (lit. as great weight) in Greece as at Home. 
5. We saw that Tiberius Gracchus had been deserted 7 
by his friends. 6. More know how these (things) 
are done than how they are to be resisted. 7. I 
heard that you grieved after (postquam) Quintus 
Metellus was taken away. 8. If I say anything 
against his life, I shall not refuse (to allow) 8 him to 
speak in his own behalf. 9. Virtue is so great that 
we admire it even 9 in an enemy. 10. The consuls 
were driven from Italy, and, with them, their friends. 

1 f acinus. 8 inferior. 5 lit. of. ' derelinqud. 9 vel. 

2 par. * ratio certa. 6 labores. 8 Introd. 60. 



Latin Composition. 



23 



11. He led forth a colony to Casilinum, whither Caesar 
had before gone. 12. Not even for the good is 



poverty a light burden. 



_J 




LESSON 11. 

\. Old age has taken from me l the desire 2 for food 
and drink. 3 2. We do many (things) for the sake of 
our friends that AVC would not do for our (own). 3. It 
is not easy to find out 4 who did it. 4. There are 
four reasons why old age is wretched. 5. Tablets 5 
were put up 6 on the whole Capitoline hill. 6. I wish 
that I could make the same boast ' as Cyrus. 7. On 
the contrary, he ought to grieve at a wrong 8 and 
rejoice in correction. 8. I urge that you so esteem 9 
friendship, that, excepting virtue, 10 you think nothing 
superior 11 to it. 9. These (things) I have said that 
my voice might seem to have fulfilled the consul's 
duty. 10. Through your efforts (lit. you) he is pre- 
vented from following Caesar to his grave. 12 11. Do 
not prefer 13 any one to Cato, even 14 Socrates. 12. Con- 
suls of the greatest mildness u of disposition 16 have . 
for many years waged war. 

LESSON 12. 

1. The Romans sent him men 17 to (qui) teach him 
laws. 2. You have less strength 18 than either of us. 



1 Case form. 


6 flgo. 


11 praestabilis.t. 


15 Introd. 33. 


2 aviditas. 


7 ylorior. 


12 rogus. 


16 animus. 


8 potto. 


8 delictum. 


13 praefero. 


17 is, ea, id. 


4 Introd. 46. 


9 loco. 


14 ne . . . quidem. 


" Introd. 21. 


6 tabula. 


" Introd. 60. 







A Latin Composition. 



3. Many are like ' Caesar though (cum) they are lower 
in fame and fortune. * 4. Would that they had been 
worthy of your opinion! ^5. O wretched (the) old 
man who has not seen that death is no evil ! ) 6. p]ven 
though (tametst) he has come from Caesar, no one 
wishes to see him. 7. When a man becomes old he 
has many cares. 8. I cannot persuade him to trust 2 
me. 9. (While) general, he freed Greece from slavery 
within a few months. 10. We do not suspect that 
any of these did wrong. 3 11. He said there would 
be infinite slaughter, if he should remain. 12. To 
gain favor, he prevailed 4 upon his brother to kill an 
innocent man who had been convicted of a capital 
offense. 5 

1 similis. 3 pecco. 8 res capitdlis. 

2 Jidem habeo. * exoro. 



PART III. 



LESSON 13. 

1. Clodius was content so long as Cicero should be 
in exile. 2. He did what Coriolanus had done among 
us twenty years before. 3. Are we to wait (to see) 
what the witnesses from Sicily say ? 4. Do you 
know that such a statue 1 is sold for four hundred 
thousand sesterces ? 5. Let them be prepared to 
answer 2 (the questions) which they have been asked. 3 
6. Moderate* exercise must be taken (lit. used). 7. It" 
is said that we are very negligent 5 in (the matter of) 
cherishing our friends. 8. I thought that I ought G 
to remain on guard. 7 9. None are so eager 8 for praise 
as the worthless. 10. I am watching him (to see) that 
he takes no more than he gives. 11. We were afraid 
that something would happen to him. 12. They live 
so that their lives are approved. 13. My son is a 
great care to me. 

LESSON 14. 

v 1. He has the advantage (lit. is superior) in this, 
that (quod) he is less envied. 2. It is (the duty) of 

1 slynum. 3 rogo. 5 negleyens. 1 in vigilid. 

2 responded. * modiats. 6 Gerundive. 8 cupidus. 

25 



26 Latin Composition. 

a good man to hate openly 1 and not to conceal his 
anger. 3. A splendid answer and worthy of a learned 
man ! 4. Since (cum} this is so, certainly the soul 
cannot die. 5. How wealthy (lit. of how great 
wealth) he was! 6. What was I to do, 2 judges? 
Whither was I to turn ? 7. I am well supplied 3 with 
money. 8. They asked me in what way you were 
bearing the death of Af ricanus. 9. You charged 4 an 
innocent man with a vile deed. 5 10. Through my 
efforts he is allowed to call back Cicero from exile. 
11. The day of departure (i was January 31st. 12. He 
delighted in bringing accusations. 7 13. I did not 
hinder him from being friendly 8 to you. 

LESSON 15. 

1. When (after) setting out thence 9 to Rome, he 
had come into the neighborhood of Aquinum, a great 
multitude met him. 10 2. He said that Caesar had 
become rich by his father's influence, 11 not his own. 
3. If you 12 want to be old a long time, guard 13 your 
health. 4. Concerning this manner of death it is 
hard to speak. 5. I said that if he had been unwill- 
ing he could " have said (so). 6. Not even this do I 
refuse, provided only we do the things that the Roman 
people approve. 7. Would that you might come to 

1 aperte. 5 J 'acinus. 9 inde. 13 conserve*. 

2 ago. 6 profectio. 10 obviam eo. " potuisse. 
8 abundo. 1 crimen Infero. n gratia. 

* ni shmtlo . 8 amicus. 12 General 2d pers. 



Latin Composition. 27 

old age, that you might know that what I have said 
is true ! 8. Though (guamvis) old age may not be a 
heavy burden, it takes away strength. 9. It can in 
no wise happen that the same man at the same time 
be both joyful and sad. ! 10. Old age has such great 
influence that it is worth more 2 than all the pleasures 
of youth. 11. Who does not know that he came 
many miles to salute you ? 12. If that advice had 
carried the day, 3 the state would now be standing and 
you would have fallen 4 by reason of your many 
crimes. 13. The senate, when 5 it had changed its 
garments, 6 came into the temple of Concord. 

LESSON 16. 

,<i. After (postqnani) she returned to Rome, she gave 
him an office 7 that 8 he might practise medicine. 9 
2. He answered him that he had done it through 
reliance (lit. relying) on his old age. 3. Men joined 
by kindly feeling 10 will rule over those desires to 
which others are enslaved. 11 4. These things I shall 
say if you regret (lit. repent of) your kindness, 12 and 
Caesar his constancy. 5. From his tongue speech 
sweeter than honey flowed. 13 6. These have 14 in 
themselves no 15 resource for living well. 7. Joys 

1 maestus. "rest's (sing.). n scrvio. 

2 Forms of plus and sum. 7 tabcrna. 12 beneficium. 
*valeo. 8 Use gratia. ls fluo. 

4 opprimd. 9 medicinam exerceo. 14 Case form. 

6 Participial construction. 10 benevolcntia. 15 nihil. 



28 Latin Composition. 

increase with age in the case of those who are wise 
and well trained. 1 8. He advances from Brundisium 
with all his forces. 9. I should prefer the saddest 
day of his consulship to the happiest of Catiline's. 
10. Why should I grieve though (si) within a thousand 
years a foreign nation shall get possession of our 
city ? 11. Before I mention the distresses 2 of Sicily, 
there seem to be some (words) to be said concerning 
the dignity of that province. 12. If any one should 
wish to make you a defendant, 3 you would cry out 
that it was unjust. 13. He withdraws, burning with 
hatred 4 toward (lit. of) you (plural), bloody with the 
gore 5 of Roman citizens whom he killed at Antium. 

LESSON 17. 

xn 1. Although (quamquam) he is free from blame, he 
is not free from suspicion. 2. If agreeable, 6 let us 
compare your return with mine. 3. Do not expect 
arguments from me, as though the matter were doubt- 
ful. 4. Is there (any) doubt 7 but that there is need 
of magistrates ? 5. His father, a man most devoted" 
to the state and of wonderful constancy, though (cum) 
he was sick, aided me. 6. You cannot take from 
him his power, even though you are willing to forget 
his good deeds. 7. When Philo had arrived, he 
thought about that matter for three days.// 8. This 

1 bene institutus. & reus. 5 crunr. 7 Lit. is it doubtful. 

2 incommodum. * odium. */ placet. 8 amans. 



Latin Composition. 29 

style J of speech I should not use at this time, if my 
interest alone were involved. 9. I saw that the 
consuls, who should 2 have been the leaders to arms, 
were fleeing. 10. Since (quoniani) human affairs are 
uncertain, 3 some (people) must be found whom we 
may love and by whom we may be cherished. 11. If 
that is so, see to it 4 that you are doing no wrong (lit. 
bad deed) when you persuade him to die. 12. He 
boasts that he is like Catiline, but it is in crime only 
(that) he is equal to him. 13. At this point 5 he 
asked whether, at any time, 6 new friends worthy of 
friendship were to be preferred to the old. 

1 genus. 8 fragilis. 5 IOCAIS. 

2 debeo. * vide. 6 si ... quando. 



PART IV. 



\/ LESSON 18. 

1. What god did you think would help (lit. be an 
aid 1 to) you? 2. He seems to be forgetting the 
others. 3. There are men who are not ashamed 
of their misdeeds. 4. A wise man should be content 
with the time that is allotted 2 to him. 5. They 
complain because (quod) they are deprived (as they 
say) of pleasures without which they do not care to 
live. 6. The wretch 3 flew from Tarentum to the 
city. 7. Shall I mention first 4 his pride or his 
cruelty toward the Komans ? 8. He was condemned 
for theft, 5 and was not allowed to enter the city. 
9. So 6 may it be allowed me to enjoy this state with 
you, as I am moved by pity in this matter. 10. You 
would say that it was one of the old Romans. 11. In 
purpose 7 they are opposed 8 to us just as though they 
were separated from us by race and nature. 12. Who 
is there to whose interest it is that this law have 
force ? 13. There was no one more filled with (lit. 
eminent 9 in) filial respect. 10 14. Before you put in 

1 auxilium. * prius 7 voluntds. 9 praestans. 

2 do. 6 furtum. 6 (lissided a. 10 pietds. 
8 scelestus. 6 it a . . . ut. 

30 



Latin Composition. 31 

a claim 1 you sent a man to (qui) see to it 2 that the 
owner 3 of the house be ejected. 

/ LESSON 19. 

1. Cicero makes other mistakes. 4 2. Then it was 
seen how poor in friends each of them was. 3. He 
takes great pains 5 in preparing the ships. 4. These 
words are at variance 6 with friendship. 5. You 
would say this all the more/ if you had been present 
in the gardens of Scipio. 6. If you 8 can make a 
speech 9 yourself, you can teach another. 7. And so 
no one has wished to see me to whom I have been 
'engaged.' 10 8. What is the difference between a 
man and a tree trunk " excepting 12 the action 13 of 
the mind ? 9. When he came to me to beg off, 14 he 
gave this excuse. 15 10. And since (cum) the nature 
of the mind is simple, it cannot be divided. 11. If 
he should meet 16 with you, he would say many 
(things). 12. When I was consul I heard much 
about this matter. 13. A quiet " style of speaking 
is suited 18 to an old man. 14. Led on by false hope, 
I said that if I should be restored to my country, I 
would thank you. 19 



1 postulo. 


8 Indef . 2d pers. 


14 deprecor. 


2 euro. 


9 orationem habeo. 


15 causa. 


3 dominus. 


10 occupatus. 


16 congredior. 


4 pecco. 


11 truncus. 


17 remissus. 


6 curam . . . adhibeo. 


12 Participial construction. 


18 decorus. 


6 repugno. 


13 motus. 


19 gratias ago. 


" magis. 







32 Latin Composition. 



v/Ll 



ESSON 20. 

1. What else did you accomplish on that day, except 
that 1 they judged Antony a public enemy? 2. He 
said that my enemy had so worded the things he had 
written against me that they seemed true. 3. The 
senate was freed from the fear of death a few days 
after. 4. Those know who followed him to Paphos. 
5. There were groans in the whole forum. 6. I was 
willing to do anything 2 so long as you should he 
silent. 7. In public affairs nothing is weightier than 
the law, in private affairs a will 3 is most binding. 4 
8. The Roman people will wrest these (things) from 
you. 9. Authority should be granted him so that he 
may defend the state. 10. These wrongs, too, must 
be resisted. 11. This strife is very like that trial. 5 
12. What (bond) has 6 he to (quod) hold him to (lit. in) 
life? 13. I know surely, and there is no need 7 of 
conjecture. 

LESSON 21. 

y 1. When (ubi) he heard that, he called Cicero to 
v him. 2. Although (quamvls) you may be wise, you 
do not know all (things). 3. This remark 8 does not 
deserve (lit. is unworthy) a reply. 4. You were 
sated 9 with the sufferings of these men. 5. There 
is no place in the whole earth where this law is not 

1 nisi lit. * ftrmux. 7 opus. 

2 omnin. & iuilicmm. 8 dictum. 
8 testamentum. 6 Case form. * explev. 



Latin Composition. 33 

known (lit. but that this law is known). 6. Although 
(tametsl) this is unjust, he will bear it with resignation 
(lit. with calm mind) if, through your efforts, 1 he can 
save his good name. 2 7. You will free me from 
great fear if only a wall be between you and me. 
8. This was done by me to prevent his being 3 con- 
demned. 9. They came together on the 3d of 
November because of their love for Catiline. 10. 
happening not only shameful to see, but even to hear 
of! 11. He tried to come to Rome with all his 
forces to (accomplish) our destruction. 4 12. They 
used to hope that Pyrrhus would be persuaded, so 
that he might the more easily be conquered. 13. He 
was in such good health at the end 5 of his life that he . 
was able to carry a heavy load. 

^LESSON 22. 

1. He said he had heard these things from Afri- 
can us in a dream. 2. Give advice 6 to the good, but 
enact 7 punishments for the bad. 3. Since (quoniam) 
you have mentioned 8 friendship, you will do a thing 
most pleasing to me, if you will tell us what you know 
of that subject. 4. This must be done by all, in 
order that they may escape. 9 5. But yet I enjoy 
the recollection 10 of our friendship so much that I 

1 Lit. through you. 5 tempus extremum. 8 mentionem facto. 

2 fama. praecipid. 9 evddo. 

8 quominus. 7 statuo. 10 recorddtio. 

4 interitus. 



34 Latin Composition. 

seem to have lived happily because I have lived with 
Scipio. 6. He showed l me facts of this sort, and, 
at the same time, the crimes of Sextius Naevius. 
7. They reply that they will pay the taxes, 2 but that 
they will not add a ship even though he buy it at a 
high (price). 8. If influence 3 and greatness of mind 
are of greater (value), do not desire that which is of 
less (value). 9. Let him use arms, if it is necessary, 
for his own defence. 4 10. Should I not admire him, 
should I not think him to be defended in every way ? 

11. I perceive that, throughout those months, the 
same plan commended itself 5 to each of you. 

12. Wherefore I fear that to grieve at this happen- 
ing 6 is more (the part) of an enemy than a friend. 

13. Though (cum) nature by many signs 7 declares 
what she wishes, we do not hear. 

1 <incev. 5 Lit. the same thing seemed best. 

2 vectigalia pendo. 6 eventus. 

3 gravitas. 7 signum. 

4 Lit. for the sake of defending himself. 



PART V. 

LESSON 23. 

1. Would that the immortal gods had given you 
this blessing! 2. He summoned 1 the legions from 
Home to crush 2 the uprising 3 of the Gauls. 3. This 
is not a contest 4 with an enemy with whom there can 
be any condition of peace. 4. Wherefore let Gaul 
remain (lit. be) under his guardianship 5 to whom it 
has already been given, 5. What do you think they 
would have done, if Catiline had been there ? 6. He 
said that all we do must be referred to the consuls. 
7. The liberators of the fatherland are loaded 6 with 
honors from the city which they saved. 8. The life 
he then was living was not a good (one). 9. Forty- 
eight years Dionysius was tyrant of Syracuse, when 
he had commenced 7 to reign at twenty-five years of 
age. 8 10. That place whither he went to see his 
friends is called Antium. 11. He would not refuse 
if he had confidence 9 in himself. 12. I should like 
to have some 10 leisure to read. 13. If I should deny 
that I am moved by a longing 11 for Scipio, I should 
certainly lie. 



1 arcesso. 
2 opprimo. 
*-tumultus. 


4 cprtnmpn. 
5 in . . . tutela. 
6 onero. 
35 


7 occupo. 
8 Use nutus. 
9 confldo. 


10 aliquid. 
11 desiderium. 



36 Latin Composition. 

LESSON 24. 

1. Truth, relying on these judges, speaks against 
envy. 2. When Mucianus trades 1 he always remem- 
bers his dignity and his rights. 2 3. It is to the in- 
terest of all those who live in the city to flee. 4. I 
am not disgusted merely with your foolishness, 3 but 
ashamed (of it). 5. He promised that he would 
take care 4 that all things be returned to the states. 
6. This is a thing most dreadful not only to behold, 
but also to hear, that soldiers were stationed 3 in the 
temple of Concord. 7. These two (things) it is (the 
duty) of the good man to do. 8. I assist no one of 
my friends. 9. In attaining 6 office, toil and suffering 
are counted 7 of little (weight). 10. Danger does not 
deter me from doing what I ought. 11. In the case 
of one living at Rome, the matter is far different. 
12. wonderful 8 shamelessness, to dare to write let- 
ters against such a youth! / 

LESSON 25. 

1. When (cum) Scaevola had mentioned this, he told 
us the views 9 of Laelius on friendship. 2. I do 
not fear that the philosophers will not praise me. 
3. They are doing this to gain our favor. 10 4. What 
good (men) think, that is of the greatest moment " and 

1 negotior. 6 colloco. 9 oplnio. 

2 Sing, of IMS. G persequor. 10 gratia. 

8 stultitia. ~ puto. n momentum. 

4 Case form of cum. 8 admirabilix. 



Latin Composition . 37 

weight. 5. We pardon the silence of these men. 
6. If you falsely accuse any one, you injure yourself 
also. 7. Let us not wait until we are asked. 
8. Though (cum) he had been bought, he did not dare 
to put in his veto. 1 9. Those must 2 be pardoned 
who did nothing afterward. 10. I am so yielding by 
nature (lit. am of such mildness 3 of disposition) that I 
cannot withstand his tears and prayers. 11. Though 
(licet) all dangers should impend, I shall aid and 
assist. 4 12. Before I proceeded to my defence, I 
made use 5 of his confession. 

LESSON 26. 

1. Do you remember that on October 23d I said that 
you would be in arms on a certain day ? 2. These 
(men), most friendly to us, took from him the consul- 
ship. 3. Sulla was deprived 6 of a lofty 7 position by 
reason of the hate of Apronius. 4. I shall tell you 
from what classes of men his forces are collected. 8 
5. After he saw that the life of Sextius Roscius was 
guarded, he adopted 9 a plan full of wickedness and 
audacity. 6. There are those who think it beneath 
them 10 to come to the aid 11 of the weak. 12 7. Although 
(quamquairi) old age lacks immoderate feasts, it can 
yet enjoy 13 moderate banquets. 8. I use Greek 



1 intercedd. 


5 fitor. 


8 comparo. 


11 subvenio. 


2 Gerundive. 


6 everto. 


9 capio. 


12 inflnmts. 


8 moll it in. 


~ ftmj >lns. 


10 sordid us. 


13 Use</M(M). 


4 auxilior. 









38 Latin Composition. 

literature 1 much for the sake 2 of training my memory. 
9. Yet that leader of the Greeks never prayed to have 
ten like Ajax, but like Nestor. 10. Caelius was not 
so crazy 3 as to accuse another of bribery 4 when he 
himself was guilty 5 of the same crime. 11. What, 
therefore, was I to say ? that I was a Roman ? 
12. The king not knowing which Orestes was, Pylades 
said he was Orestes. 13. I preferred that my opinion 
should be praised by all twenty days afterward. 

LESSON 27. 

1. As you broke down 6 Catiline by my influence 
and (that) of the senate, so you shall soon hear that 
Antony has fallen. 7 2. So it came about that we 
inquired whether there was need of ships. 3. Con- 
fess that you sent to Rome grain bought for three 
hundred thousand sesterces. 4. Am I to doubt what 
you did when I see what you are doing? 5. In 
Greece he demanded money of the Greek officials. 
6. If I shall have 8 this power without danger to you 
or me (lit. your or my danger), I shall use it. 7. Do 
not act in such a way 9 that a new and much more 
cruel proscription may seem to have come about 
through you. 8. Nor need 10 the play 11 be acted' 
through by the performer, 12 if only he be approved in 

1 litternc. 5 commando (reflex.). 9 ita. 

2 gratia. 6 frango. 10 Gerundive. 
8 amens. " opprimo (pass.). n fabula. 

* amlntnx. 8 Case form. 12 histrio. 



Latin Composition. 39 

whatsoever act he may be. 9. As though he had 
lost his goods through my fault, 1 he has become 
unfriendly to me because he is poor. 10. In no way 
could it be managed 2 but that Cleomenes be pardoned. 
11. Who of the Carthaginians 3 was of less (value) in 
counsel or bravery than Hanno ? 12. He was 
robbed 4 of the priesthood, which was sold at a high 
price to Brogitams, a fellow unworthy of that office, 5 
since (cum) he sought it for 6 personal 7 gain. 

1 med culpa. 4 spolio. 6 nb. 

2 fid. 5 honor. 7 situs. 

3 Poem. 



PART VI. 



LESSON 28. 

1. He could not be induced 1 to have his head 
covered (lit. be of covered 2 head). 2. At the ban- 
quet of Apronius was a Roman knight ninety years 
of age. 3. As I read, I am so moved that I fancy 3 
I can hear Cato himself speaking. 4. Do not think, 
therefore, that the king did this wrong. 5. He was, 
as I before said, at Naples, in that part of Italy which 
was most free from 4 suspicion. 6. He is a man of 
most honorable and well-known 5 lineage. 6 7. Nothing 
prevents his being happy. 8. But an old man has 
not even anything (quod} to hope for. 7 9. He sells 
a modius of grain for a denarius. 10. Perchance 
what I am about to say may seem wonderful to relate. 
11. Was I to reject the good advice of those whose 
very 8 faults the good should bear ? 12. For we are 
not sending (a message) to Hannibal to withdraw 
from Sagunturn. 13. After (postquani) he came into 
Asia, he committed 9 many crimes. 



1 per&uadeo. 


4 maxime cared. 


7 spero. 


2 nperio. 


6 ndbiti*. 


8 etiam. 


3 existimo. 


6 genus. 


9 facio. 




40 





Latin Composition. 41 

LESSON 29. 

1. If he were living his hundredth year, would he 
be dissatisfied l with old age ? 2. (It was) while 
(cum) Plato was present (that) he was speaking of 
friendship. 3. Imprudence is (a characteristic) of 
the young rather than of the old. 4. What shall I say 
of Paul us or Africanus ? 5. They are waiting until 
the ambassadors set out. 6. For I do not fear that 
he will be persuaded. 7. You would have told me 
if you had thought it to your interest. 8. These 
men I shall never forget. 9. From all quarters, 2 
they came to salute him, but none were admitted. 
10. I prove you guilty, 3 not only of dishonesty, 4 but 
also of cruelty. 11. Why was he not present in 
person? Do you think because of some serious 5 mat- 
ter ? 12. If you should take from me this evidence, 6 
there would still 7 remain the testimony of the Gauls. 
13. Can this light (of day) be pleasant to you, when 
(c?/ra 8 ) you perceive that all know that you were in 
arms on December 30th ? 

LESSON 30. 

1. If you go anywhere 9 on piiblic business, 10 boats 
are always furnished at public expense. 11 2. We 
must give attention 12 first to those things which I 



c mdi/tniK. 9 si ... quo. 

r ' argument itm. 10 publice. 

3 convini'o. 7 tamen. n Hini>tns. 

4 fitlldcia. 8 Concessive. 12 praerertn. Gerundive. 



42 Latin Composition. 

have mentioned. 3. Though (licet) each one may 
say what he pleases, 1 it is not necessary to believe (it). 
4. Buined men, with slaves like themselves, threaten 
the temples and buildings of the city. 5. wretched 
day when Catiline was born ! 6. You know that I 
was without experience 2 in these matters. 7. Worthy 
of friendship are those in whom there is a reason why 
they should be loved. 8. Pleasures are given up 3 
for the sake of gaining greater pleasures. 9. Would 
that the immortal gods would reserve this trophy 4 for 
you, Scipio ! 10. You can often tell from what 
quarter the storm is coming. 5 11. Nothing was so 
closed and hidden 6 that it (quod) was not most open 
to his cupidity. 12. Old men, relying on their 
wisdom, delight in conversations with 7 youths of 
intelligence (lit. endowed with intellect). 

LESSON 31. 

1. They think they will live their lives more safely 8 
under my protection. 9 2. It is worth while 10 for me 
to undergo his hatred, provided that danger be warded 
off from you. 3. No one was troublesome " to Cicero 
either on December 1st, or on the 5th or 13th. 4. I 
shall have need of how many guards, if I shall once 
allow you to enter my house ? 5. If all should be 



1 placet. 
2 expers. 
8 omitto. 
4 palma. 


5 commoveo (pass.). 
6 reconditus. 
" Genitive. 
8 Use adjective. 


9 in . . . tuteln. 
10 Form of tantus. 
11 molestus. 



Latin Composition. 43 

brought together into one place, they would not be 
worthy l to be compared with Servius Sulpicius. 
6. So it happened that brave men, even though (tcv- 
metsi) they had fought against one another, laid aside 2 
hatred with their arms. 7. Before he hears that this 
province is decreed to him, he will crush the enemy. 

8. He ordered the centurions to go home, and there 
had them killed 3 before his own and his wife's eyes. 

9. AVhat is more pleasant than an old age loaded 4 
with honors ? 10. He had no reason l to fear that he 
would not be heard. 11. I saw that that man had 
been taken away without whom the state could not 
stand. 12. Since the matter has come to this, 5 
whether he pay the penalty or we be slaves, let us 
show the valor of our fathers so that we may save 
the state. 

LESSON 32. 

1. As though this were a safeguard 6 for you, he 
orders 7 that the house be watched. 2. On that day, 
if it had been allowed me by (lit. through) my friends 
to come into the forum, a beginning of slaughter 
would have been made with 8 me. 3. He asked one 
of those who were present the subject 9 under (lit. of) 
discussion. 10 4. This field was much more valuable u 

1 Gerundive. 7 imperu. 

2 depono. 8 lit. from. 
8 iuyulari cuyo. 9 causey 

4 oneratus. 10 dissero. 

6 in id disc-rime n adduco (pass.). u Forms of s?/m and miiltus. 

6 salun. 



44 Latin Composition. 

then than it had been five years earlier. 5. Those of 
lower rank 1 do not grieve that they are surpassed in 
brilliancy (lit. intellect) by others. 6. I tell 2 the 
senate what ought to be done. 7. Who of us thought 
Sulla innocent ? Who of us aided any one of them ? 

8. In the hearing 3 of the people, he said that none 
would live unless Caesar should be victorious.' 4 

9. Although (tametsi) it is hard, I can in some way 
spare him who accuses Caesar. 10. There is need of 
haste 5 ; if we had exercised this before, we should 
now have no war. 11. But, since (quoniarti) the state 
abounds in these things, let us pass 8 to other (consid- 
erations). 12. Since (cum) you see that a man hold- 
ing (lit. possessed 7 of) this office did not doubt (but) 
that he should defend the innocence of Sulla, you 
ought to do the same for Hortensius. 

1 Inferior. 3 audio. 5 celeritus. 1 praeditus. 

2 praescribo. * vinco. 6 venio. 



VOCABULARY. 



[Superior figures following Lesson numbers (as, Lesson 7. 2 ) refer 
to the sentence numbers in the Lessons.] 



a, an, untranslated. 

able (be) , possum, posse, potui ; 

not , nequeo, -quire, -quivl, 

-quii. 

abound, abundo, 1. 
about, prep., de. 
absent (be), absum, -esse, 

afui. 
accomplish, efficio,3, -feel, -fec- 

tus. 

accusation, crirnen, -in is, N. 
accuse, accuse, 1. 
act, w., facturn, -i, N. ; of the 

drama, actus, -us, M. 
act, v., facio, 3, feel, factus ; 

through, perago, 3, -egi, 

-actus. 

action, motus, -us, M. 
add, addo, 3, -didl, -ditus. 
admire, admiror, 1, dept. 
admit, admitto, 3, -mlsi, -missus. 
adopt (a plan), capio, 3, cepl, 

captus. 
advance, pr5gredior, 3, -gressus 

sum. 

advantage, usus, -us, M. 
advice, consilium, -I, N. 
affair, r6s, rel, F. 
afraid (be), vereor, 2, dept. ; 

metuO, 3, -uf. 
Africanus. Africanus, -I, M. 



after, prep., post ; conj. , post- 

quam. 

afterward, post. 
against, in with ace. ; one 

another, inter se. 
age, senectus, -utis, F. 
agreeable, gratus, -a, -um. 
aid, n., auxilium, -I, N. 
aid, v., iuvo, 1, iuvi, iutus. 
Ajax, Aiax, -acis, M. 
Albinus, Alblnus, -i, M. 
all, omnis, -e ; the more, 

magis. 

allot, do, d&re, dedl, datus. 
allow, sino, 3, slvl, situs ; licet, 

2, licuit. 

ally, socius, -I, M. 
alone, sOlum. 
already, iam. 
also, et ; etiam. 
although, quamquam ; quam- 

vls ; tametsi. 
always, semper. 
among, apud with ace. 
and, et ; atque ; so, itaque. 
anger, Irae, -arum, F. 
another, alius, -a, -ud. 
answer, M., responsum, -i, N. 
answer, v., respondeo, 2, 

-spondi, -spOnsum (est). 
Antium, Antium, -I, N. 



45 



Antony 



46 



book 



Antony, Antonius, -I, M. 
any, aliqui, -qua, -quod ; = 

"any oe,' quisquam, quae- 

quam, (quid(c)quam). 
any one, aliquis, aliqua, 

(-quid) ; quisquam, quae- 

quara, (quid(c)quam). 
anything, (quis, quae), quid ; 

i minis, -e ; neuter as noun. 
appear, videor, 2, visus sum. 
approve, prob6, 1. 
Apronius, Apronius, -I, M. 
Aquinum, Aquinum, -I, N. 
argument, argumentum, -i, N. 
arm, armO, 1. 
arms, arma, -Drum, N. 
army, exercitus, -us, M. 
arrive, venio, 4, veni, ventum 

(est). 
as, ut ; qui, after idem or in 

result clauses ; quantus after 

tantus. 

as ... as, tain . . . quam. 
as high (of price), tantus, -a, 

-um. 

as though, quasi. 
ashamed, pudet, 2, puduit. 
Asia, Asia, -ae, F. 
ask, rogo, 1 ; quaero, 3, quae- 

sivl, quaesltus. 
assembly, concilium, -i, N. 
assent, assentior, 4, -s6nsus 

sum. 
assist, iuvo, 1, iuvi, iutus; 

auxilior, 1, dept. 
associated, coniunctus, -a, -um. 
at, in with abl. ; ... years 

of age, forms of natus and 

annus. 
at the same time, simul. 



attain, persequor, 3, -secutus 

sum. 

attempt, cSnor, 1, dept. 
audacity, audacia, -ae, F. 
augur, augur, -uris, M. 
August (of), Sextilis, -e. 
authority, auctOritas, -atis, F. 
avert, averts, 3, -vert!, -versus, 
avoid, vit5, 1. 



B 

bad, mains, -a, -um ; deed, 
facinus, -oris, N. 

banquet, convivium, -1, N. 

be, sum, esse, fui. 

bear, fero, ferre, tuli, latus. 

because, quod, quia. 

become, fio, fieri, factus sum. 

before, prep., ante with ace.; 
conj., antequam, priusquam. 

beg, hortor, 1, dept.; oro, 1; 
off, deprecor, 1, dept. 

beginning, initium, -I, N. 

behold, video, 2, vidi, visus. 

believe, credo, 3, credidi, cr- 
ditus. 

besiege, oppugno, 1. 

between, inter with ace. ; be , 
intersum, -esse, -fui, with in- 
ter and ace. 

binding, firmus, -a, -um. 

blame, culpa, -ae, F. 

blessing, bonum, -i, N. 

bloody, cruentus, -a, -um. 

boast, glOrior, 1, dept. 

boat, navigiuuv -i- * 

body, corpus, -oris, ix 

bold, audax, -aeis. 

book, liber, -bri, M. 



born 



47 



come 



born (be), nascor, 3, natus 

sum. 
both, uterque, utraque, utrum- 

que. 

both . . . and, et . . . et. 
brave, fortis, -e. 
bravery, virtus, -utis, F. 
break down, frango, 3, fregl, 

fractus. 

bribery, ambitus, -us, M. 
bring (accusations^), Infero, 

-ferre, -tuli, Hiatus ; in, 

induce, 3, -duxl. -ductus; 

together, confero, -ferre, 
-lull, collatus. 

Brogitarus, Brogitarus, -I, M. 
brother, frater, -tris, M. 
Brundisium, Brundisium, -I, x. 
Brutus, Brutus, -i. M. 
building, aedificium, -i, x. 
burden, onus, -eris, N. 
burial, sepultiira, -ae, F. 
burn, ardeo, 2, arsl, arsurus. 
business, res (rerum) gerendae 

(-arum). 
but, sed. quln (Lesson 7. 5 ) ; 

also, even, sed etiam ; 

that, quln. 

buy, emO 3, emi, emptus. 
by, a, ab with the abl. 



Caelius, Caelius, -I, M. 
Caesar, Caesar, -aris, M. 
Calends, see Kalends, 
call, appello, 1 ; nfnnino, 1 ; 

vocO, 1 ; back, reduco, 3, 

-duxi, -ductus. 
calm, aequus, -a, -urn. 



capital offense, res (rei, F.) 

capitalis (-e). 
Capitoline Hill, Capitolium, -I, 

N. 

care, ., cura, -ae, F. 

care, c., volo, velle, volui ; libet, 

2, -uit ; for, subvenio, 4, 

-veni, -ventum (est). 
carry, fero, ferre, tuli, latus. 
Carthaginian, Poenus. 
Casilinum, Casilinum, -i, x. 
cast out, eicio. 3, -ieci, -iectus. 
Catiline, Catillna, -ae, M. 
Cato, Cato, -onis, M. 
cause, causa, -ae, F. 
cease, desino, 3, -sil, -situs ; 

to think, oblivlscor, 3, 
oblitus sum. 

centurion, centurio, -onis, M. 

certain, certus. -a, -uiu. 

certainly, certo ; certg. 

chain, vinculum, -i, x. 

change, muto, 1. 

charge, Insimulo, 1. 

cherish, colo, 3, colui, cultus. 

chief, maximus, -a, -urn. 

children, llberi, -orum, c. 

Cicero, Cicero, -onis, M. 

citizen, civis, -is, c. 

city, ui'bs, urbis, F. 

class, genus, -eris, x. 

Cleomenes, Cleomenes, -is, M. 

Clodius, Clodius, -I, M. 

closed, clausus. -a, -urn. 

collect, comparo, 1. 

colony, colonia, -ae, F. 

come, venid, 4, veni, ven- 
tum (est); commoveo, 2, 
-movl, -m5tus (Lesson SO. 10 ); 

about, to pass, fio, fieri, 



commence 



48 



deprived 



factuui est ; to aid, sub- 
veniS, 4, -\eni,-ventum (est); 
to this, in id discrimen 
adducS, 3, -duxi, -ductus 
(pass.); together, con- 
venio, 4, -ve"ni, -ventum (est). 

commence, incipio, 3, -cepi, 
-ceptus ; occ\ipS, 1 . 

commit, faciS, 3, feel, factus. 

compare, cSnferS, -ferre, -tuli, 
collatus ; comparS, 1. 

complain, deplSrS, 1. 

conceal, occults, 1. 

concerned (be), use cura (In- 
trod. 15). 

concerning, de with abl. 

Concord, Concordia, -ae, F. 

condemn, damns, 1 ; con- 
demns, 1. 

condition, condiciS, onis, F. 

confess, cSnfiteor, 2, -fessus 
sum. 

confession, cSnfessiS, -onis, F. 

confirm, confirms, 1. 

conjecture, coniectura, -ae, F. 

conquer, vincS, 3, vlcl, vlctus. 

constancy, constantia, -ae, F. 

consul, consul, -ulis, M. 

consulship, consulatus, -us, M. 

content, contentus, -a, -urn. 

contest, certamen, -inis, N. 

conversation, sermo, -on is, M. 

convict. damnO, 1. 

Coriolanus, Coriolanus, -I, M. 

correction, correctiS, -onis, F. 

couch, lectus, -i, M. 

counsel, consilium, -!, N. 

count, puto, 1. 

country, rus, ruris, N. ; one's . 
patria, -ae, F. 



covered, opertus, -a, -urn. 

crazy, amens, -entis. 

crime, scelus, -eris, N., f acinus. 

-oris, N. 

cruel, crudeUs, -e. 
cruelty, criidelitas, -atis, F. 
crush, opprimo, 3, -press! , 

-pressus. 

cry out, clamS, 1. 
cupidity, cupiditas, -atis, F. 
Cyrus, Cyrus, -i, M. 



danger, perlculum, -I, N. 
dare, audeo, 2, ausus sum. 
Dates, sf e Introd. 49. 
day, dies, -ei, M. 
death, mors, mortis, F. 
debt (be in), debe5, 2. 
December (of), December, 

-bris, -bre ; see Introd. 49. 
declare, declaro, 1. 
decree, decerno, 3, -cr6vl, 

-cretus. 

deed, facinus, -oris, N. 
defeat, devincS, 3, -vici, -vlctus. 
defence, defensio, -onis, F. 
defend, defends, 3, defendl, 

d6fnsus. 

defendant, reus, -I, M. 
delight, gaudeo, 2, gavisus 

sum. 

demand, posco, 3, poposcl. 
denarius, denarius, -i, M. 
deny, nego, 1. 

departure, profectiS, -onis, F. 
deprive, everts, 3,-vertl, -versus 

(Lesson 26. s ). 
deprived (be), careS, 2, -ui, 

-iturus. 



desert 



49 



enslaved 



desert, derelinquo, 3, -reliqui, 

-rellctus. 
desire, re., aviditas, -atis, F. ; 

libido, -inis, F. 
desire, ., desidero, 1. 
desirous, cupidus, -a, -uin. 
destruction, iuteritus, -us, M. 
deter, impedio, 4. 
devoted, araans, -antis. 
die, morior, 3, mortuus sum, 
difference (be the), intersum, 

-esse, -fui. 

different, alius, -a, -ud. 
difficulty, difficultas, -atis, F. 
dignity, dignitas, -atis, F. 
Dionysius, Dionysius, -I, M. 
discussion, gerund of dissero, 3, 

-serul (Lesson 32.*}. 
disdain, contemno, 3, -temps!, 

-temptus. 

disgraceful, sordidus, -a, -um. 
disgust, taedet, 2, -uit. 
dishonesty, fallacia, -ae, F. 
disposition, mores, -um, M. ; 

animus, -I, M. 

distress, incoinmodum, -I, N. 
divide, divide, 3, -visi, -vlsus. 
divine, divlnus, -a, -um. 
do, facio (fi5), 3, fed, factus ; 

gero, 3, gessi, gestus; ag6, 3, 

6gT, actus ; wrong, pecco, 1. 
doubt, M., see doubtful ; neuter 

of adj. used as noun. 
doubt, ., dubitO, 1. 
doubtful, incertus, -a, -um ; 

dubius, -a, um (Lesson 17.*}. 
dreadful, foedus, -a, -um ; tae- 

ter, -tra, -trum (Lesson ^. 10 ). 
dream, somnium, -i, N. 
drink, v.. poto, 1, -avl, potus. 



drink, w., potio, -onis, F. 

drive, impello, 3, -puli, -pulsus ; 
from, expello, 3, -pull, 
-pulsus ; out, eicio, 3, -ieci, 
-iectus. 

duty, officium, -I, N. 

E 

each, quisque, quaeque, quid- 

que. 

eager, cupidus, -a, -um. 
earlier, ante, 
early dawn, lux (lucis, F.) 

prima (-us, -a, -um). 
earth, orbis (-is, M.), terrarum. 
easily, facile, 
easy, facilis. -e. 
eight, octo. 
either (of two), utervls, utra- 

vls, utrumvls. 
either ... or, aut . . . aut. 
eject, eicio, 3, -ieci, -iectus. 
else, alius, -a, -ud. 
embassador. legatus, -i, M. 
eminent, praestans, -antis. 
enact, statuo, 3, -ui, -utus. 
end, finis, -is, M. ; of life, 

tempus (-oris, N.) extremum 

(-us, -a, -um). 

endowed, praeditus, -a, -um. 
endure, permaneO, 2, -mansi, 

-mansurus. 
enemy, hostis, -is, c. ; inimicus, 

-I, M. 

engaged, occupatus, -a, -um. 
enjoy, fruor, 3, fruiturus ; 

gaude5, 2, gavisus sum 

(Lesson 26. 7 ). 
enough, satis, 
enslaved (be), serviO, 4. 



enter 



50 



food 



enter, veniO, 4, vein, ventuin 

(est), with in and ace. ; in- 

tro, 1. 

enthusiasm, sludiuin, -i, N. 
envy, n., iuvidia, -ae, F. 
envy, v., invideo, 2, -vidi, -vi- 

sus. 

equal, par, paris. 
error, error, -oris, M. 
escape, evado, 3, -vasi, -vasum 

(est). 

esteem, loco, 1 (Lesson ll. s ). 
eternal, sempiturnus, -a, -um. 
even, vel (Lesson 10. 9 ) ; ne . . . 

quidem (Lesson ll. n ). 
even though, cum ; etsi ; quam- 

vis ; tametsi. 
ever, umquam. 
every, omnis, -e ; quisque, 

quaeque, quidque. 
evidence, argumentum, -I, N. 
evil, adj., inalus, -a, -um. 
evil, ., malum, -i, N. 
exalt (over), antepono, 3, 

-posui, -positus. 
examine, video, 2, vidi, visus. 
except, conj., nisi (Lesson SO. 1 }. 
except, ., excipio, 3, -cepi, 

-ceptus. 

excuse, causa, -ae, F. 
exercise, n., exercitatio, -onis, F. 
exercise, v., utor, 3, usus. 
exile, exilium, -i, N. 
expect, expecto, 1. 
expense, sumptus, -us, M. 
eye, oculus, -i, M. 



Fabius, Fabius, -i, M. 
fact, res, rel, F. 



fail, deficit, 3, -fgci, -fectus. 
fall, opprimo, 3, -pressi, -pres- 

sus (pass.). 
false, falsus, -a, -um. 
falsely, falso. 
fame, fauia, -ae, F. ; honor, 

-oris, M. 

fancy, existimo, 1. 
far (with comparative}, multo. 
farmer, agricola, -ae, M. 
father, pater, -tris, M. 
fatherland, patria, -ae, F. 
fault, delictum, -i, N. 
favor, gratia, -ae, F. 
fear, n., metus, -us, M. 
fear, v., metuo, 3, ul ; timeo, 

2, -ui ; vereor, 2, veritus sum. 
feast, epulae, -arum, F. 
February (of), Februarius, -a, 

-um. 

fellow, homo, -inis, M. 
few, pauci, -ae, -a ; words, 

pauca, -orum, x. 
field, ager, -gri, si. 
fight, pugno, 1. 
filial respect, pietas, -atis, F. 
find, find out, invenio, 4, -veni, 

-ventus. 

fire, incendium, -i, N. 
first, tto.,prius (Lesson 18. 1 ); 

be the , primus with rela- 
tive clause. 
five, quinque. 
fix value, aestimo, 1. 
flee, fugio, 3, fugi, fugiturus. 
fleet, classis, -is, F. 
flow, fluo, 3, fluxl, fluxus (adj.). 
fly, volo, 1. 

follow, sequor, 3, secutus sum. 
food, cibus, -i, M. 



foolish 



51 



great 



foolish, stultus, -a, -um. 

foolishness, stultitia, -ae, F. 

for, conj., enim. ; prep., pro 
with abl. ; ad with gerundive 
{Lesson 76. 6 ) ; ob with ace. 
(Lesson 27.} ; for = 'o/' 
(Lesson II. 1 ). 

forces, copiae, -arum, F. 

foreign, peregrlnus, -a, -um. 

forget,obllviscor,3,oblitussum. 

fortune, fortuna, -ae, F. 

forty, quadraginta. 

forum, forum, -I, N. 

four, quattuor. 

four hundred, quadringenti, 
-ae, -a. 

fourth, quartus, -a, -um. 

free, libero, 1. 

free (from), expers, -ertis ; 
be free from, careo, 2, -ul, 
-iturus ; absum, -esse, aful 
icith abl. (Lesson 17. 1 ). 

friend, amicus, -i, M. 

friendly, amicus, -a, -um. 

friendship, amlcitia, -ae, F. 

from, quominus with subjunc- 
tive ; also Introd. 10. 

from, prep., a, de, e and ex with 
the abl. ; thence, inde ; 
whom, unde (Lesson 3. 9 ); 
Introd. 2. ~> " 

fruit, fructus, -us, M. 

fulfil, fungor, 8, functus sum. 

full, plenus, -a, -um. 

furnish. praebeS, 2. 

G 

gain, v., adipiscor, 3, adeptus 
sum ; favor, gratiam capto 
1 (Lesson 



gain, M., lucrum, -I, N. 
Gaius, Gaius, -I, M. 
garden, hortus, -i, M. 
garment, vestis, -is, F. 
gate, porta, -ae, F. 
Gaul, Gallia, -ae, F. 
Gaul (a), Gallus, -I, r. 
general, imperator, -oris, M. 
get, peto, 3, petlvi, petitus ; 

possession, potior, 4, poti- 
tus sum. 

give, do, d5re, dedi, datus ; 
redds, 3, didi, -ditus ; ad- 
vice, praecipio, 3, -cepi, -cep- 
tus ; attention to first, 
praeverto, 3, -vertl, -versus 
(Lesson 30?) ; (excuse) , af- 
fero, -ferre, -tuli, allatus ; 
up, omitto, 3, -misi, -missus. 

glorious, praeclarus, -a, -um. 

glory, gloria, -ae, F. 

go, eo, Ire, !vl, itum (est) ; 

out, extinguo, 3, -tinxi, 
-tinctus (pass.). 

god, deus, -i, M. 

gold, aurum, -I, N. 

good, good man, bonus, -a, 

-um ; deeds, benefacta, 

-orum, N. ; name, fama, 

-ae, F. 

goods, bona, -orum, N. 
gore, cruor, -oris, M. 
Gracchus, Gracchus, -I, M. 
grain, frumentum, -I, N. 
grant, do, dire, dedi, datus ; 

largior, 4, dept. 
grateful, gratus, -a, -um. 
grave, use rogus, -I, M. 
great, great things, magnus, 

-a, -um. 



greater 



52 



Ides 



greater, superior, -ius. 
greatness, magnitude, -in is, F. 
Greece, Graecia, -ae, F. 
Greek, Graecus. -a. -urn ; phi. 

subst., Graeci, drum, M. 
greet, saluto, 1. 
grieve, doleo, '2, -ul, -iturus. 
groan, gemitus, -us, M. 
guard, r., defends, 3, -fendi, 

-fensus ; conserve, 1 (Lesson 

15. z ); custodio, 4. 
guard, n, custCs, -odis, c. ; 

vigiliae, -arum, F. 
guilty (be), commaculo, 1 

(reflex.); use with abl. 



Hannibal, Hannibal, -alis, M. 
Hanno, Hanno, -6nis, M. 
happen, fio, fieri, factum est ; 

accidit, 3, -cidit. 
happening, eventus, -us, M. ; 

res, rei, F. 
happily, beate ; felix (Lesson 

1.*). 

happiness, fellcitas, -atis, F. 
happy, laetus, -a, -um ; beatus, 

-a, -um. 

hard,difficilis, -e; durus, -a, um. 
harm, noceO, 2, nocui, nocitum 

(est). 

haste, celeritas, -atis, F. 
hate, v., odi, -isse, Osurus. 
hate, M., hatred, odium, -i, N. 
have, habeo, 2 ; case form 

(Introd. 11); confidence, 

confido, 3, -fisus sum ; 

force, valeO, 2, -ui, -iturus ; 
- killed, iugulari cogo, 3, 

-6gi, -actus (Lesson 31. s ). 



he, is, ea, id ; untranslated 

often; of him (self), etc., 

sui, etc. 

head, caput, -ills, N. 
health, valetudo, -inis, F. 
hear, hear of, audio, 4. 
heavy, gravis, -e. 
help, iuvo, 1, iuvi, iutus. 
here, hie. 

hidden, reconditus, -a, um. 
high (of price), magnus, -;i, 

-um. 
high priest, pontifex (-icis, M.) 

maximus (-a, -um). 
himself, ipse, -a, -um ; reflex., 

sui.' 

hinder, impedio, 4. 
his, suus, -a, -um ; eius ; illius ; 

often untranslated; own, 

suus, -a, -um. 
hold, teneo, 2, tenul. 
home, domus, -us (-i), F. 
honey, mel, mellis, N. 
honor, honor, -oris, M. 
honorable, honOratus, -a, -um. 
hope, v., optO, 1 ; for, sper6, 1. 
hope, n., sp6s, -ei, F. 
horse, equus, -1, M. 
Hortensius. -i, M. 
house, aedgs, -is, F. (wse in 

plu.~); domus, -us (-1), F. 
how, quern ad modum ; with 

adj., quam. 

human, humanus, -a, -um. 
hundredth, centesimus, -a, -um. 



I, ego, mei. 

Ides, Id us, -uum, F. 



if 



53 



law 



if, si ; agreeable, si placet 
(Lesson 77. 2 ); anything, 
any one, some one, si quis, 
-qua, -quid ; anywhere, 
(= whither), si quo ; not, 
nisi ; only, modo, dum- 
modo. 

imitate, imitor, 1, dept. 

immoderate, immoderatus, -a, 
-uni. 

immortal, iinmortalis, -e. 

immortality, immortalitas, 
-atis, F. 

impend, inipendeo, -ere. 

imprudence, temeritas, -atis, F. 

in, in with ace. and abl. 

in ... behalf, pro with abl. 

in case of, Introd. 9. 

in order that, ut. 

in person, ipse, -a, -urn. 

in such a way that, ita . . . 
ut. 

increase, augeo, 2, auxl, auc- 
tus ; crescO, 3, crevi, cretus. 

induce, persuadeo, 2, -suasi, 
-suasum (est). 

infinite, Inflnitus, -a, -urn. 

influence, auctoritas, -atis, F. ; 
gravitas, -atis, F. ; gratia, -ae, 
F. (Lesson .75. 2 ). 

injure, laedO, 3, laesi, laesus. 

injustice, iniuria, -ae, F. 

innocence, innocentia, -ae, F. 

innocent, innocfins, -entis. 

inquire, quaerO, 3, quaeslvi, 
quaesitus. 

intellect, ingenium, -I, N. 

interest (be involved, be to in- 
terest of), interest, -esse, 
-fuit. 



into, in or ad with ace. ; the 
neighborhood of, ad with ace. 

it, is, ea, id ; often untranslated. 

it is necessary, ita necesse est 
(Lesson 22. 9 ). 

Italy, Italia, -ae, F. 

itself, sul. 



January (of), lanuarius, -a, -urn. 
joined, coniunctus, -a, -um. 
joy, gaudium, -i, N. 
joyful, laetus, -a, -uin. 
judge, n., iudex, -icis, M. 
judge, v., iudico, 1 ; guilty, 

condemns, 1. 
Junius, lunius, -i, M. 
just, iiistus, -a, -um. 
just as though, quasi. 



Kalends, Kalendae, -arum, F. ; 

Introd. 49. 

kill, interficio, 3, -feel, -fectus. 
kindly feeling, benevolentia, 

-ae, F. 

kindness, beneficium, -I, N. 
king, rex, regis, M. 
knight, eques, -itis, M. 
know, scio, 4. 
known, notus, -a -um. 



lack, careo, 2, -ui, -iturus. 
Laelius, Laelius, -I, M. 
lamentation, lamentum, -I, N. 
lamp, lumen, -inis, N. (Lesson 

9.'). 
law, lex, Iggis, F. 



lay aside 



54 



modius 



lay aside, dSpono, 3, -posui, 

-positus. 
lead forth, deduce, 3, -duxi, 

-ductus. 
lead on, induce, 3, -duxi, 

-ductus. 

leader, dux, ducis, c. 
learn, disco, 3, didici. 
learned, doctus, -a, -urn. 
leave, excedo, 3, -cessi, -cessum 

(est). 

legion, legio, -onis, F. 
leisure, otium, I, N. 
less, compar. of parvus. 
letter (a), litterae, -arum, F. 
level, (be) on a, par, paris. 
liberator, liberator, -oris, M. 
lie, mentior, 4, dept. 
life, vita, -ae, F. 
light, 7i., lux, lucis, F. 
light, adj., levis, -e. 
like, v., void, velle, volui. 
like, adj., similis, -e. 
likeness, similitude, -inis, F. 
lineage, genus, -eris, N. 
literature, litterae, -arum, F. 
little, parvus, -a, -um. 
live, vivo, 3, vixi, victum est ; 

habito, 1. 
load, v., onero, 1. 
load, n., onus, -eris, N. 
lofty, amplissimus, -a, -um. 
long time (a), diu. 
longing, desiderium, -i, N. 
lose, amitto, 3, -misl, -missus ; 

perdo, 3, perdidi, perditus. 
love, v., amo, 1 ; colO, 3, colul, 

cultus. 
love, n., amor, -oris, M. ; cupi- 

ditas, -atis, F. 



low (of price), parvus, -a, -um. 
lower in rank, inferior, -ius. 

M 

made (be), cre6, 1 (pass.}. 
magistrate, magistratus, -us, M. 
make, faciS, 3, feci, factus ; 

a speech, orationem 

habeo, 2 ; boast, glorior, 

1 , dept. ; mistakes, pecco, 

1 ; use, utor, 3, iisus sum. 
man, vir, viri, M. ; homo, -inis, 

c. ; is, ea, id (Lesson 12. 1 ) ; 

sometimes untranslated. 
managed (be), fio, fieri, factum 

est. 

manner, modus, -1, M. 
many, multl, -ae, -a. 
matter, res, rei, F. 
medicine, medicina, -ae, F. 
meet, obviam eo, ire, ivi, itum 

(est) ; with, congredior, 

3, -gressus with cum. 
memory, memoria, -ae, F. 
mention, dico, 3, dixl, dictus 

with de ; commemoro, 1 ; 

mentionem facio, 3, feci, 

factus. 

merit, meritum, -1, N. 
Metellus, Metellus, -I, M. 
mildness, mollitia, -ae, F. 
mile, inille passus or passuum. 
mind, mens, mentis, F. ; animus, 

-I, M. 

mine, meus, -a, -um. 
Minucius, Minucius, -i, M. 
misdeed, facinus, -oris, N. 
moderate, modicus, -a, -um. 
moderation, moderatio. -Onis, F. 
modius, uiodius, -i, M. 



moment 



55 



on 



moment, momentum, -i, >. 

money, pecunia, -ae, F. 

month, mensis, -is, M. 

more, plures, -a ; plus, pluris 
(Lesson 13. w ); than.magis- 
quam. 

mortal, inortalis, -e. 

most, max i me. 

motion, motus, -us, M. 

mountain, mons, mentis, M. 

mourn, deplore, 1. 

move, moveo, 2, movi, motus. 

much, multus, -a, -urn ; adv., 
multum ; with comparative, 
multO. 

multitude, multitude, -iuis, F. 

Murena, Murena, -ae, M. 

Mutina, Mutina, -ae, F. 

my, meus, -a, -um ; often un- 
translated. 

N 

Naevius, Naevius, -I, M. 
name, noinen, -inis, N. 
Naples, Neapolis, -is, F. 
nation, gens, gentis, F. 
natural endowment, ingenium, 

-I, N. 

nature, natura, -ae, F. 
nearer (be), propius absum, 

-esse, afui. 
necessary, necesse. 
need, opus, N., indecl. 
negligent, negligens, -entis. 
Nestor, NestSr, -oris, M. 
never, numquam. 
new, novus, -a, -um. 
night, nox, noctis, F. 
ninety, nonaginta. 
no, nullus, -a, -um ; nihil with 



the gen.; adv., non ; need, 

non opus ; one, nemo 

[nullius], c. 
none, nullus, -a, -um ; n., nemo 

[nullius], c. 
Nones, Nonae, -arum, F. (In- 

trod. 49). 
nor, neque ; nee. 
not, non ; in prohibitions, ne ; 

alone, non solum, non 
modo ; even, ne . . . qui- 
dem ; merely, non solum ; 

only, non modo, non 
solum. 

not know, nescio, 4. 
not wish, nolo, nolle, nolui. 
nothing, nihil, N., indecl. 
November (of), November, 

-bris, -bre. 
now, mine. 



0, interj. 0. 

October (of), October, -bris, 

-bre. 
of, de with abl. ; age, use 

natus, -a, -um ; lower 

rank, inferior, -ius. 
office, honor, -oris, M. ; taberna, 

-ae, F. (Lesson 16. 1 ). 
official, magistratus, -us, M. 
often, saepe. 
oil, oleum, -I, N. 
old, vetus, -eris ; senex, senis ; 

age, senectus, -utis, F. ; 

man, senex, senis, M. 
on, (of Dates') Introd. 49; ( = 

concerning) de with abl. ; 

guard, in vigilia ; pub- 
lic business, publice. 



on the contrary 



prefer 



on the contrary, contra. 

once, semel. 

one, unus, -a, -um ; aliquis, 

-qua, -quid ; indcf. '2d sing. ; 

unus aliquis (Lesson IS. 1 ^). 
only, sSlum. 
open, apertus, -a, -um. 
openly, aperte. 
opinion, oplnio, -onis, F. 
opposed (be), disstdeo, 2, -sedi. 
or, aut ; vel ; (utrum . . .) an. 
orator, orator, -oris, M. 
order, imperS, 1 ; iubeS, 2, 

iussi, iussus. 

Orestes, Orestes, -is, -ae, M. 
other, alius, -a, -ud ; ceterus, 

-a, -um. 
ought, debeS, 2 ; oportet, 2, 

-uit ; gerundive. 
our, noster, -tra, -tram, 
own (with 'his,' etc.), suus, 

-a, -um. 
owner, dominus, -1, M. 



pains, cura, -ae, F. 
Paphos, Paphos, -i, F. 
pardon, ignosco, 3, -n5vi, 

-noturus. 

parent, parens, -entis, c. 
part, pars, partis, F. 
pass, veniC, 4, veni, ventum 

(est) (Lesson 32."). 
Paulus, Paulus, -I. M. 
pay, Iu6, 3, lul ; taxes, vec- 

tigalia pend5, >, pependi, 

pensus. 

peace, pax, pacis, F. 
penalty, poena, -ae, F. 
people, populus, -I, M. ; is, ea, id. 



perceive, videS, 2, vidi, visus ; 

intellegS, 3, -I6xi, -Igctus. 
perchance, fortasse. 
performer, histrio, -6nis, M. 
perhaps, fortasse. 
personal, suus, -a, -um. 
persuade, persuadeo, 2, -suasi, 

suasum (est). 
Philo, Philo, -6nig, M. 
philosopher, philosophus, -i, M. 
pity, misericordia, -ae, F. 
place, locus, -i, M. 
plan, consilium, -i, N. 
Plato, Plat6, -Onis, M. 
play, fabula, -ae, F. 
pleasant, iucundus, -a, -um. 
please, places, 2, placui, placi- 

turus. 

pleasing, gratus, -a, -um. 
pleasure, voluptas, -atis, F. 
point, locus, -i, M. 
poor, pauper, -eris ; inops, 

inopis. 

possess, habed, 2. 
possessed of, praeditus, -a, -um. 
poverty, paupertas, -atis, F. 
power, potestas, -atis, F. ; po- 

tentia, -ae, F. 
practice, exerceO, 2. 
praetor, praetor, -oris, M. 
praise, lauds, 1. 
pray, t?., opto, 1. 
pray, adv., igitur. 
prayer, prex, precis, F. (only in 

plu.). 

precept, praeceptum, -I, N. 
prefer, malo, malle, malui ; 

praefero, -ferre, -tull, -latus ; 

prefer ... to, malo . . . quam ; 

antepOnS, 3, -posul, -positus. 



57 



retain 



prepare, paro, 1. 

present (be), adsuni, . -esse, 
-fui. 

preserve, conserve, 1. 

prevail upon, exoro, 1. 

prevent, impedio, 4 ; quo- 
minus (Lesson 21. s ). 

price, pretium, -1, N. 

pride, superbia, -ae, F. 

priesthood, saeerdOtium, -i, N. 

private, privatns, -a, -uin. 

proceed, venio, 4, veni, ventum 
(est); proficlscor, 3, -fectus 
sum. 

promise, polliceor, 2, dept. 

proscription, proscrlptiO, -6nis, 
F. 

protection, tulela, -ae, F. 

prove guilty, convince, 3, -vici, 
-victus. 

provided only, dummodo. 

provided that, dummodo ; 
modo. 

province, provincia, -ae, F. 

prudence, prudentia, -ae, F. 

public, publicus, -a, -um ; en- 
emy, hostis, -is, c. 

punishment, poena, -ae, F. 

purpose, voluntas, -atis, F. 

put in claim, postulo, 1. 

put in veto, interc6d6, 3, -cessl, 
-cessum (est). 

put up, figO, 3, flxl, flxus. 

Pylades, Pylades, -ae, -is, M. 

Pyrrhus, Pyrrhus, -I, M. 



quarter, pars, partis, F. 
quiet, remlssus, -a, -um. 
Quintus, Quintus, -I, M. 



race, genus, -eris, N. 

raise cry, clamo, 1. 

rank, ordo, -inis, M. 

rashness, temeritas, -atis, F. 

rather than, potiusquam ; ma- 
gisquatn ; quam (Lesson 3. 10 ). 

reach, pervenio, 4, -venl, -ven- 
tum (est) , with ad and ace. 

read, lego, 3, legi, lectus ; re- 
citS, 1. 

reap, percipiO, 3, -cepl, -ceptus. 

reason, causa, -ae, F. 

reasoning, ratio, -onis, F. 

recollection, recordatio, -Onis, F. 

refer, refero, -ferre, -tuli, -latus. 

refuse, recuso, 1. 

reign, regno, 1. 

reject, reicio, 3, -iecl, -iectus. 

rejoice, gaudeo, 2, gavisus. 

relate, dico, 3, dixi, dictus. 

relying, fretus, -a, -um. 

remain, maneo, 2, mansi, man- 
surus ; remaneo, 2, -mans!, 
-mansurus. 

remark, dictum, -i, N. 

remember, memini, -isse ; re- 
corder, 1, dept. 

repent, paenitet, 2, -uit. 

reply, v., respondeo, 2, -spondi, 
-spOnsus. 

reply, n., respOnsum, -I, N. 

reserve, reserve, 1. 

resist, resisto, 3, -stitl. 

resource, opes, -um, F. 

respond, respondeO, 2, -spondi, 
-spOnsus. 

restore, rfistituo, 3, -stitui, -sti- 
tutus. 

retain, teneO, 2. 



retake 



58 



slaughter 



retake, recipio, :}, -cCpi, -ceptus. 
return, ., reddo, 3, -didl, -di- 

tus ; reverto, 3, -verti, -ver- 

sum est ; recipio, 3, -c6pi, 

-ceptus (reflex.). 
return, n., reditus, -us, M. 
rich, dives, -itis. 
rights, ius, iuris, N. 
rob. spolio, 1. 
Roman, Romanus, -a, -um ; 

pin. subst., Romani, -oruin, M. 
Rome, Roma, -ae, F. 
room, cella, -ae, F. 
Roscius, Roscius, -i, M. 
Rufus, Rufus, -i, M. 
ruined, perditus, -a, -um. 
rule, v., regno, 1 ; over, im- 

pero, 1. 
rule, n., ratio, -onis, F. 



Sabines, Sablnl, -ornm, M. 
sad, maestus, -a, -um. 
safeguard, salus, -utis, F. 
safely, use tutus, -a, -um. 
Saguntum. Saguntum, -I, N. 
sake, causa, -ae, F.; gratia, -ae, F. 
salute, salut5, 1. 
same, Idem, eadem, idem, 
sanctity, sanctitas, -atis, F. 
sate, exple5, 2, -plevi, -pletus. 
save, servo, 1. 
say, dlco, 3, dixi, dictus. 
Scaevola, Scaevola, -ae, M. 
Scipio, Sclpio, -onis, M. 
season, tempus, -oris, N. 
seated (be), sedeo, 2, secll, 

sessurus. 
secure, assequor, 3, -secutus 

sum. 



see, videO, 2, vidi, visus ; vis6, 

3, visl, visus ; intellego, 3, 

-16x1, -iSctus ; to it, video ; 

euro, 1. 

seek, adpeto, 3, -petlvl, -petitus. 
seem, seem best, videor, 2, 

vlsum (est), visus. 
self, sui. 
sell, vendo, 3, vgndidi, vendi- 

tus. 

senate, senatus, -us, M. 
send, mitto, 3, misi, missus. 
separate, secern5, 3, -crevi, 

-cr6tus ; diiungo, 3, -iunxi, 

-iunctus. 
September (of), September, 

-bris, -bre. 

serious, magnus, -a, -um. 
servant, servus, -1, M. 
serve out, servio, 4. 
Servius, Servius, -i, M. 
sesterce, sestertius, -I, M. 
set out, proficiscor, 3, -fectus 

sum. 

Sextius, S6xtius, -1, M. 
shameful, foedus, -a, -um. 
shamelessness, audacia, -ae, F. 
ship, navis, -is, F. 
should, debeo,2 ; oportet, 2, -nit, 
show, doceo, 2, -ui, doctus ; 

ostendo, 3, -tendi, -tentus. 
Sicily, Sicilia, -ae, F. 
sick, aeger, -gra, -grum. 
sign, signum, -i, N. 
silence, silentium, -i, N. 
silent (be), taceo, 2, tacui, 

tacitiirus. 

simple, simplex, -icis. 
since, cum ; quoniatn. 
slaughter, caedes. -is, F. 



slave 



59 



take 



slave, servus, -I, M. ; be a , 
servio, 4. 

slavery, servitus, -utis, F. 

sleep, somnus, -I, M. 

so, sic ; tarn ; ita ; so ... as, 
ita ... ut ; tarn ... ut ; tarn 
. . . quam. 

so great, tantus, -a, -um. 

so long as, quoad. 

so much that, sic ... ut. 

so that, ut ; sic ... ut ; ita . . . 
ut. 

Socrates, Socrates, -is, M. 

sold (be), veneo, 4, -ivl. 

soldier, miles, -itis, M. 

some, some one, something, 
aliqui (-quis), -qua, -quod 
(-quid) ; quis, quae, quid. 

son, filius, -I. M. 

soon, inox. . 

sort, modus, -i, M. 

soul, animus, -i, M. 

speak, dico, 3, dlxl, dictus ; 
loquor, 3, locutus sum ; dis- 
ser6, 3, -serul, -sertus ; of, 
loquor with de and abl. ; 
with, loquor with cum 
and abl. 

speech, oratio, -onis, F. 

splendid, praeclarus, -a, -um. 

spread, sterns, 3, stravl, stra- 
tus. 

spring, orior, 4, ortus sum. 

stand, sto, 1, stetl. 

state, res (rei, F.) piiblica (-us, 
-a, -um). 

station, colloco, 1. 

statue, signum, -1, N. 

still, tamen. 

stop, subsistO, 3, -stitl. 



storm, tempestas, -atis, F. 
strength, vires, -iuin, F. 
strife, contentio, -onis, F. 
style, genus, -eris, N. ; consue- 

tude (-inis, F.) scribendi 

(Lesson 6. 11 ). 
subject, res, rei, F. ; causa, -ae, 

F. (Lesson 32?~). 
such (a) , tails, -e ; great, 

tantus, -a, -um. 
such . . . that, ita ... ut. 
suffering, cruciatus, -us, M. ; 

miseria, -ae, F. 
suited, accommodatus, -a, -um ; 

decorus, -a, -um (Lesson 



Sulla, Sulla, -ae, M. 
Sulpicius, Sulpicius, -i, M. 
summon, arcesso, 3, -ivl, -Itus ; 

to court, in iudicium voco, 

1. 
superior, praestabilis, -e ; be , 

praesto, 1, -stitl, -staturus. 
supplied (be well), abundo, 1. 
sure, certus, -a, -um. 
surely, certO. 
surpass, superO, 1. 
suspect, suspicor, 1, dept. 
suspicion, suspicio, -onis, F. 
sweet, dulcis, -e. 
Syracuse, Syracusae, -arum, F. 



tablet, tabula, -ae, F. 

take, capio, 3, cepi, captus ; 
accipio, 3, -cepi, -ceptus ; 
- away, tollO, 3, sustuli, 
sublatus ; abstraho, 3, -traxl, 
-tractus ; from. rapiO, 3, 
rapui, raptus ; eripid, 3, 



Tarentum 



60 



to 



-ripui, -reptus ; extorqueO, 

2, -torsi, -tortus ; pains, 
curam adhibeo, 2. 

Tarentum, Tarentum, -i, N. 

teach, doceo, 2, -ui, doctus. 

tear, lacriina, -ae, F. 

tell, dic5, 3, dixi, dictus ; ex- 
ponO, 3, -posui, -positus ; 
narrG, 1 ; praescribo, 3, 
-scrips!, -scrlptus; intelleg5, 

3, -lexi, -lectus (Lesson SO. 10 ). 
temple, templum, -i, N. ; aedes, 

-is, F. 

ten, decem. 

testimony, testimOnium, -i, 
x. 

than, quam ; ablative case. 

thank, gratias ago, 3, 6gi, 
actus. 

that, pron., ille, -a, -ud ; hie, 
haec, hOc ; is, ea, id ; rel. 
pron., qui, quae, quod. 

that, conj. (purpose), ut, qui, 
causa and gratia; (result), 
ut, qui; (verbs of fearing), 
ne ; (of doubt), quin ; not 
translated by any one word 
ivhen introducing indirect 
discourse or complementary 
infinitive; no, ne (pur- 
pose) ; not, ut or ne non 
(fearing) ; something, ne 
quid (fearing). 

the, untranslated often ; is, ea, 
id. 

the (things), ea, eOrum, N. 

theft, fiirtum, -T, N. 

their, suus, -a, -urn ; eOrurn ; 
untranslated often. 

them, see they. 



themselves, sui. 

then, tuin. 

there, ibi. 

there (art; etc.), untranslated. 

therefore, igitur. 

Thessaly, Thessalia, -ae, F. 

they, is, ea, id; sui; untrans- 
lated often. 

thing, r6s, rel, F. ; is, ea, id ; 
untranslated often. 

think, arbitror, 1, dept. ; puto, 
1 ; sentio, 4, s6nsi, sensus ; 
considers, 1 ; more highly 
of, use forms of plus <ni 
faciO ; so highly of, use 
forms of tantus and facio. 

this, these (things), is, ea, id ; 
hie, haec, h5c. 

those, those (things), ille, -a, 
-ud ; is, ea, id ; who, 
(sunt) qui. 

though, cum, licet, quam vis, 
si (Lesson lfi. lf> ), tametsi. 

thousand, mille ; (sesterces), 
sestertium, -i, N. 

threaten, minor, 1, dept. 

three, tr6s, tria ; hundred, 
trecenti, -ae, -a. 

through, per with ace. ; through 
. . . agency, efforts, Intrtxl 
14; my fault, mea culpa. 

throughout, per with ace. 

thus, itaque. 

Tiberius, Tiberius, -i, M. 

till, dum. 

time, tempus, -Oris, N. 

to, prep., in, ad with ace. 

to (of infinitive), ut (purpose 
and object clauses) ; qui 
( purpose and characteristic) ; 



to-day 



61 



We 



ad with ace. of gerundive ; 

supine in -um. 
to-day, hodie. 
toil, labor, -oris, si. 
tongue, lingua, -ae, F. 
too, etiam ; et. 
toward, in irith ace. 
town, oppiduin, -I, x. 
trade, negotior, 1, dept. 
train, exerceo, 2. 
training, exercitatio, -oiiis, F. 
tree trunk, truncus, -I, M. 
trial, iudiciuin, -I, N. 
tribuneship, tribunatus, -us, M. 
trophy, palma, -ae, F. 
trouble, labor, -oris, M. ; res, 

rel, F. (Lesson ^. 13 ). 
troublesome, molestus, -a, -um. 
true, verus, -a, -um. 
trust, fidem habe5, 2. 
truth, v6ritas, -atis, F. 
try, conor, 1, dept. 
turn, verto, 3, verti, versus, 
twenty, vigintl. 
two, duo, -ae, -o. 
tyrant, tyrannus. -I, M. 



uncertain, fragilis, -e. 

under guardianship, protec- 
tion, in tutela. 

undergo, subeO, -Ire, -ii, -itus. 

unfailing, certus, -a, -um. 

unfriendly, inirnlcus, -a, -um. 

universal, universus, -a, -um. 

unjust, iniustus, -a, -um. 

unless, nisi. 

until, dum. 

unwilling (be), nolo, nOlle, 
nolul. 



unworthy, indignus, -a, -um. 
upright, probus, -a, -um. 
uprising, tumultus, -us, M. 
urge, hortor, 1, dept. 
us, see we. 
use, utor, 3, usus. 
used (be), soleo, 2, solitus 
sum ; imperfect tense. 



valor, virtus, -utis, F. 
valuable (be more), forms of 

sum and plus. 
value (be of greater), forms of 

sum and plus. 

variance (be at), repugnO, 1. 
very, etiam (Lesson ftf. 11 ) ; 

superlative degree. 
victorious, victor, -oris, M.. 

used as adj.; be , vincO, 3, 

vie!, victus. 
view, oplnio, -onis, F. 
virtue, virtfls, -utis, F. 
voice, vox, vOcis, F. 

W 

wage war, bellum ger5, 3, gessT, 

gestus. 

wait, expects, 1. 
wall, murus, -I, M. 
want, vol5, velle, volui. 
war, bellum, -I, N. 
ward off, depello, 3, -pull, 

-pulsus. 

watch, observo, 1. 
water, aqua, -ae, F. 
way, modus, -i, M. ; ratio, 

-onis, F. 
we, nos, nostrum, nostrl ; H- 

translated often. 



weak 



62 



yet 



weak, imbellis, -e. 

wealth, dlvitiae, -arum, F. 

weight, poudus, -eris, N. 

weighty, gravis, -e. 

well, bene ; well-known, n5- 

bilis, -e ; well-trained, bene 

institiitus. 
what, pron., qui, quae, quod 

(compound rel. pron. and 

exclam. adj.); quis (qul), 

quae, quid (quod), (interrog. 

pron. and adj.). 
what, adv., (exclamatory), 

quam. 

what sort, qualis, -e. 
whatever, qulcumque, quae- 

cumque, quodcumque. 
when, ubi ; cum (temporal and 

concessive). 
where, ubi. 
wherefore, igitur. 
whether, -ne ; whether ... or, 

utrum ... an. 

whether at any time, si quando. 
which, see what ; (of two) 

uter, -tra, -tram, 
while, cum. 
whither, quo. 
who, see what, 
whole, totus, -a, -um. 
why, cur, quid, qua re", 
wickedness, scelus, -eris, N. 
wife, uxor, -oris, F. 
will, testamentum, -I, N. 
willing (be), volo, velle, volul. 
wisdom, sapientia, -ae, F. 
wise, wise man, sapiens, -entis, 

M. 

wise, n., modus, -I, M. 
wish, volo, velle, volui. 



with, cum with abl.; use a 
gen. (Lesson SO. 1 ' 2 ); a with 
abl. (Lesson 3J.*) 

with resignation, inolliter. 

withdraw, rec6d5, 3, -cessi, -ces- 
sum (est) ; s6c6dO, 3, -cessl, 
-cessum (est) ; recipio, 3, 
-cepi, -ceptus (reflex.). 

without, sine with abl. ; be , 
careo, 2, -ul, -iturus ; ex- 
perience, expers, -tis. 

withstand, resists, 3, -stiti. 

witness, testis, -is, c. 

wonderful, mirabilis, -e ; ad- 
mlrabilis, -e ; singularis, -e. 

word, n., verbum, -!, N. 

word, v., scrlbo, 3, scrips!, 
scriptus. 

work, opus, -eris, N. 

worth more (be), forms of 
sum and plus. 

worth while (be), forms of 
sum and tantus. 

worthless, nequam, inded. 

worthy, dignus, -a, -um. 

would that, utinam. 

wrest, 6ripi5, 3, -ripul, -rep- 
tus. 

wretch, scelestus, -a, -um (used 
as noun). 

wretched, miser, -era,.-erum. 

write, scrlbO, 3, scrips!, scrip- 
tus. 

wrong, delictum, -I, N. ; iniu- 
ria, -ae, F. ; facinus, -oris, N. 



year, annus, -T, M.; years of 

age, use natus. 
yet, tamen. 



yield 



63 



youth 



yield, ced6, 3, cessi, cessum j your, tuus, -a, -urn ; vester, 
(est). -tra, -train. 



you, tu, tul ; vos, vestruui, ves- 
tri ; untranslated often. 

young (the), iuventus, -utis, r. 

young, adj., adulescens, -en- 
tis. 



yourself, tul (reflex.) ; ipse, -a, 



youth (a), adulescens, -entis, 

M. ; iuvenis, -is, c. 
youth, iuventus, -utis, F. 



14 



A Latin Grammar. 

By Professor CHARLES E. BENNETT, Cornell University, izmo, cloth, 
382 pages. Price, 80 cents. 

IN this book the essential facts of Latin Grammar are pre- 
sented within the smallest compass consistent with high 
scholarly standards. It covers not only the work of the pre- 
paratory school, but also that of the required courses in college 
and university. By omitting rare forms and syntactical usages 
found only in ante-classical and post-classical Latin, and by 
relegating to an Appendix theoretical and historical questions, 
it has been found possible to treat the subject with entire ade- 
quacy in the compass of 250 pages exclusive of Indexes. In 
the German schools, books of this scope fully meet the exacting 
demands of the entire gymriasial course, and those who have 
tried Bennett's Grammar find that they are materially helped by 
l;eing relieved oi the mass cu useless and irrelevant matter which 
Forms the bulk of the ol(W grammar* All Latin texts fov read- 
ing in secondary schools, recently issued, contain references in 
the notes to Bennett's Latin Grammar. 

Professor William A. Houghton, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine: 
The Grammar proper is admirably adapted to its purpose in its clearness 
of arrangement and classification, and in its simplicity and precision of 
statement, giving definitely just what the pupil must know, and not crowd- 
ing the page with a mass of matter that too often disheartens the young 
student instead of helping him. I trust it will come into general use, for 
I think for the reasons just given, and because of its moderate compass 
and attractive appearance, students are likely to get more practical gram- 
matical knowledge out of it than they generally do from the larger 
grammars. 

John P. Peck, Oberlin Academy, Oberlin, Ohio : Bennett's Latin Grammar 
was adopted as a text-book in Oberlin Academy in 1897. It is proving 
itself a very satisfactory text-book and increasingly popular. The teachers 
of Latin in Oberlin Academy are thoroughly satisfied with the book and 
iiiul it exceedingly helpful in their work. 

The Critic, Feb. 29, 1896. The book is a marvel of condensed, yet clear 
and forcible, statement. The ground covered in the treatment of forms 
and syntax is adequate for ordinary school work and for the use of fresli- 
men and sophomores in college. 



LA TIN. 16 

Appendix to Bennett's Latin Grammar. 

By Professor CHARLES E. BENNETT, Cornell University. For uni- 
versity work, ismo, cloth, 246 pages. Price, 80 cents. 

''F'HE purpose of this book is to give such information regard- 
I ing the history and development of the Latin language as 
experience has shown to be of service to advanced students. 

The subjects treated are the Latin Alphabet, Pronunciation, 
Hidden Quantity, Accent, Orthography, The Latin Sounds, 
Inflections, Adverbs and Prepositions, and Syntax. Of these 
subjects, those of Hidden Quantity, Inflections, and Syntax re- 
ceive special attention ; and the results of recent investigation 
are set forth fully and clearly, but in compact form. 

Professor Edouard Wblfflin, in the Archiv fur Lateinische Lexikographie 
und Grammatik. February, 1896. Auf geringem Raume ist viel wis- 
senswiirdiges zusammengedrangt, und zwar mit praktischem Geschicke ; 
zwei langere Listen geben die lateinisehen WQrter von bestrittener Qnan- 
titat und Orthographic, wobei die Ansatze von Marx oft berichtigt sind. 
. . . Die deutsche Wissenschaft wird sich nur freuen dass das amerikan- 
ische Schulvvesen ein so brauchbares Hilfsmittel gewonnen hat. 

Professor Hermann Osthoff, University of Heidelberg: Steht auf der 
Hb'he des heutigen Wissens. 

Professor Harry Thurston Peck, Columbia College, N.Y.: It is no exag- 
geration to say that so compact, helpful, and practical a collection of 
indispensable information cannot be found elsewhere in any language 
whatsoever. Even in Germany, the home of classical enchiridia, nothing 
has yet appeared that is so satisfactory. Professor Bennett seems to 
divine by instinct just what questions arise in the mind of the student, 
and he here answers them in advance in a delightfully lucid and simple 
fashion. . . . Everywhere the best authorities are cited ; and it is certain 
that to many teachers, as well as students, the mere perusal of this little 
manual will open up many new vistas, and will put them in touch with the 
most scholarly doctrine of the day. In fact the book is one that no pro- 
gressive instructor can afford to be without, as it summarizes an immense 
amount of information that is of the utmost practical importance. 



Complete Edition. 



BENNETT'S Latin Grammar and Appendix in one volume. lamo, half 
leather, 282 + 246 pages. Price, $1.25. 



16 LA TIN. 

Latin Composition. 

By Professor CHARLES E. BENNETT, Cornell University. i6mo, 
cloth, 172 pages. Price, 80 cents. 

THIS book has been prepared with the conviction that the 
primary function of Latin Composition in secondary schools 
,s to extend and strengthen the pupil's knowledge of Latin gram- 
mar. Accordingly, the lessons are devoted mainly to exercises 
in applying the principles of the various case r.nd mood construc- 
tions recognized in our Latin Grammars. In order that the 
writing of continuous discourse may not be neglected, passages 
of simple English narrative, involving the principles covered in 
the previous exercises, are frequently introduced. 

Grammatical references are to Bennett, Allen & Greenough, 
and Harkness. 

The illustrative examples given at the beginning of each lesson 
have been drawn with great care from Latin literature mainly 
from Cicero's speeches. The English sentences set for transla- 
tion into Latin have also, in most cases, been suggested by pas- 
sages occurring in the works of classical authors. 

J. Edmund Barss, Hotchkiss School, Lakeville, Conn.: I have been using 
Bennett's Latin Composition with a class reading Virgil. I have found it 
a thoroughly usable book, both with the author's and with other standard 
grammars; and I am especially pleased with the successful union of 
interest with practical fitness in the sentences. 

Professor S. C. Mitchell, Richmond College, Va.: It is the most sensible 
and helpful book of its kind that has come into my hands. 

The Quantitatiue Reading of Latin Poetry. 

By Professor CHARLES E. BENNETT, Cornell University. I2mo, 
paper, 49 pages. Price, 25 cents. 

RELIEVING that a more thorough study of the oral reading 
13 of Latin Poetry may prove a source of pleasure and profit, 
not only to the pupils but also to many teachers of the language, 
Professor Bennett has prepared this little monograph emphasizing 
the importance of the knowledge of quantities as well as of rhythm. 



LA TIN. 17 

Latin Lessons. 

By Professor CHARLES E. BENNETT, of Cornell University. i6mo, 
cloth, 191 pages. Price, 70 cents. 

PROFESSOR BENNETT is a believer in the old-fashioned 
1 method of beginning Latin, that is, learning the forms first, 
learning them in order, and learning them once and for all. The 
Latin Lessons is a book that sends the beginner directly to the 
grammar for forms and rules, taking them up in their regular 
order. Complete sentences are found in the very first lesson, 
and easy stories are introduced as soon as the pupil has learned 
enough grammar, in the regular order, to read them. Teachers 
who believe in the method of " resolute, systematic, and sustained 
attack on declensions and conjugations " will find Professor Ben- 
nett's new book admirably suited to help them in their work. 

A. L. K. Volkmann, Volkmann School, Boston, Mass. : I like Bennett's 
Latin Lessons very much. You are getting somewhere, and you know 
what you have got, and you get the -whole thing, which is the main point. 



The Foundations of Latin. 



A book for beginners. By Professor CHARLES E. BENNETT, of Cor- 
nell University. 12010, cloth, 231 pages. Price, 90 cents. 

THIS book presents the matter for the beginner in Latin in 
sixty chapters, the first thirty-five devoted almost entirely 
to inflections, the remaining twenty-five to syntax, both subjects 
being treated in the order in which they are usually found in the 
grammar. Such rules of syntax as are needed for reading and 
writing simple sentences are given in the earliest lessons, so that 
the pupil has constant drill on the forms while acquiring them ; 
but the systematic study of general syntax is postponed till the 
pupil shall have mastered the forms. The book serves equally 
well as an introduction to Caesar or Nepos. 

Dr. R. M. Jones, Penn Charter School, Philadelphia, Pa. : We have adopted 
Bennett's Foundations of Latin. It is the best book of its class. 

George D. Bartlett, Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y. : I have used a great 
many introductory Latin books, and have found none so satisfactory as 
Bennett's Foundations of Latin. 



18 LA TIN. 

Ccesar's Gallic War. 

Revised Edition, with Indicated Quantities, Introduction, Notes, 
Vocabulary, Table of Idioms, Key to the English Pronunciation of 
Proper Names, Illustrations, and Maps. Edited by Professor FRANCIS 
W. KELSEY, University of Michigan. I2mo, half leather, 584 pages. 
Price, $ 1.25. 

IN this revised edition many changes and additions have been 
made, rendering the book, without question, the best- 
equipped text of Caesar's Gallic War published for school use. 

The Introduction and Notes have been rewritten, the Vocab- 
ulary enlarged, a Key to the English Pronunciation of Proper 
Names added, several plans replaced, and the Table of Idioms, 
so valuable to beginners for drill on syntax is retained. The 
Notes have references to Bennett, Allen and Greenough, and 
Harkness (Complete Edition) . 

The Text has been reprinted from new plates which are cast 
from type larger than that used in the old book. The most 
important change in this new edition is the marking of the long 
vowels. This has been done in the belief that if pupils are 
taught to pronounce accurately in the first years of their Latin 
reading, and have enough practice in pronouncing, they wiL 
hardly experience difficulty afterward. 

Two editions of the Text only, one with and one without 
marked quantities, have been prepared, and either of these will 
be furnished free to schools using the book. 

William F. Bradbury, Principal of Latin School, Cambridge, Mass. : It is 
a work of art in every respect 

Dr. Richard M. Jones, Head-Master William Penn Charter School, Phila- 
delphia, Pa. : I congratulate you, as the first in this country to embody the 
modern idea of a school edition of Caesar, upon your pluck in determin- 
ing to retain your place at the head of the Caesar column, and upon the 
resources and enterprise which will enable you to stay there. I have, 
therefore, taken great pleasure in placing the book upon our order list for 
next autumn. 

James B. Smiley, West High School, Cleveland, O. : In its revised form, 
Kelsey's Caesar seems to me to be the best edition which we have. The 
typography is excellent and the marking of long vowels is an added im- 
provement 



LA TIN. 19 

Selected Orations and Letters of Cicero. 

With Introduction, Notes, and Vocabulary by Professor FRANCIS W. 
KELSEY. i2mo, half leather, 522 pages. Illustrated. Price, $1.25. 

I"" 1 HE Orations given in this edition are the four against Cati- 
1 line, those for the Manilian Law, Archias, Marcellus, and 
the fourth oration against Antony. These are edited with a 
view t.o showing their value as examples of oratory, rather than 
as offering mere material for grammatical drill. The student's 
attention is directed to the occasion and circumstances of their 
delivery, as well as to the motive and method of presenting the 
matter contained in them. Modes of legal procedure, the Con- 
stitution and form of government in Cicero's time, and the whole 
environment of the orator, are brought into clear view, and made 
a reality to the student. 

The Letters are selected with reference to the light they shed 
on Cicero as a man rather than as a politician. They afford 
pleasant glimpses of his private life, and help to make real the 
pupil's conception of the times in which he lived. As material 
for short exercises for sight translation or rapid reading they 
will be found of special value. 

A Table of Idioms and Phrases presents, in form convenient 
for use, constructions that deserve special attention. 

The general introduction is divided into four parts. The first 
gives an account of Cicero as an orator, as a writer, and as a man. 
The second gives a summary of the orations, with the dates of 
their delivery and accounts of their causes and occasions. The 
third part is an essay on private correspondence among the 
Romans. The fourth part is an extremely useful tabular outline 
of the Roman government then existing. The notes contain 
references to the grammars of Bennett, Allen and Greenough, and 
Harkness (Standard Edition). 
S. F. Cutler, Mixed High School, New York City : I can hardly speak too 

highly of Kelsey's Cicero. It is superior to any other edition that I have seen. 

Professor J. E. Goodrich, University of Vermont : I do not see that any- 
thing has been omitted which such a text-book should supply. I shall be 
pleased to recommend it 



20 LA TIN. 

Selections from Ooid. 

With an Introduction, Notes, and Vocabulary by Professor FRANCIS 
W. KELSEY. Illustrated. I2mo, half leather, 453 pages. Price, $1.25. 

THIS volume has been prepared with especial reference to the 
needs of students who begin the reading of Latin poetry 
with Ovid. The selections, with a few exceptions, are short and 
complete in themselves. It is hoped that a considerable number 
of them will be found suitable for sight reading. In some cases 
the length of the more extended passages has been reduced by 
the omission of lines or passages of unusual difficulty or unequal 
interest. The text follows the readings of Riese or Merkel, with 
the change of a word or two occasionally to make the beginning 
of a selection more intelligible in the absence of the context. 

As in the editions of Caesar and Cicero by the same editor, no 
pains have been spared to make the book pleasing to the eye 
and useful to the student. 

William C. Collar, Head Master, Latin School, Roxbury, Mass.: I am glad to 
see an edition containing so good and so varied a collection from Ovid's 
writings. The book seems to me to be a very conscientious piece of 
work, and I am particularly pleased with the frequent and happy quota- 
tions, in the notes, of passages from English poets. 

Outline of Greek and Roman Mythology. 

By Professor FRANCIS W. KELSEY. i2mo, paper, 40 pages. Price, 
20 cents. 

THIS is a brief but systematic outline of Greek and Roman 
Mythology, with a list of reference books. It is useful 
either as a help to students of classical literature, or as a starting 
point for the study of classic mythology. 

Fifty Topics in Roman Antiquities. 

By Professor FRANCIS W. KELSEY. 121110, paper, 101 pages. Price, 
50 cents. 

THESE " Topics with References " are printed for convenience 
in assigning work in Roman Antiquities to university Latin 
students, 



LATIN. 21 

Sal lust's Catiline. 

Edited by JARED W. SCUDDER, of the Albany Academy, N.Y, 
121110, cloth, 245 pages. Price, $1.00. 

THE fact that Sallust's Bellum Catilinae properly introduces 
Cicero's Orations against Catiline is becoming more and 
more widely recognized. This edition has been prepared with a 
view to enabling the pupil to get every possible benefit from such 
an introduction, not only through the valuable notes and explan- 
atory matter, but particularly through the quotation, at the bottom 
of the pages, of parallel passages from Cicero. In the notes and 
vocabulary these passages are treated as the text. This feature 
adds to the book real value, as well as interest, for it gives the 
pupil opportunity to compare the two authors in points of style 
and syntax. The quantities are marked, and the notes, vcabu- 
lary, and introductory matter are clear, comprehensive, and help- 
ful. The book includes a collection of Sallust's epigrams. 

George H. Browne, The Browne and Nichols School, Cambridge, Mass. : 
We have been using Scudder s Sallust in sheets with success, and we 
welcome the complete book. Our adoption of it is sufficient evidence of 
our approval. I especially commend the parallel extracts from Cicero, 
the analytical index, the marked quantities, the temperate introduction, 
and the adequate annotation. You have supplied a much needed text- 
book for " Third Year Latin," well printed, well edited, and well bound. 

A Supplementary Latin Composition. 

By H. C. NUTTING, of the University of California. i6mo, cloth, 191 
pages. Price, 40 cents. 

THIS manual is designed not to take the place of books based 
on the old methods of Latin composition, but to supplement 
them. Each of the six Parts of the book gives the student a 
chance to illustrate at least once all the points outlined in the 
grammatical introduction, thus providing for six complete exami- 
nations on the essential principles of Latin grammar. The order 
in which the principles occur varies from Part to Part, as does 
also the guise in which they appear, in order that the student 
may recognize them on their own merit*-. 



22 LATIN. 

Selections from Viri Romce. 

With Notes, Exercises, Maps, and a Vocabulary by Professor JOHN C. 
ROLFE, University of Michigan. i6mo, cloth, 312 pages. Price, 75 cents. 

URBIS ROM/E VIRI ILLUSTRES is a compilation from 
Cicero, Livy, Valerius Maximus, and other Roman writers. 
It is admirably adapted to help the pupil over the difficult tran- 
sition from the introductory Latin book to Caesar or Nepos. 

The advantage in its use lies in the fact that it is full of vari- 
ety and interest, and that it gives the pupil a sketch of Roman 
history from Romulus to Augustus, in an attractive form, to- 
gether with many allusions to the customs of Roman life. 

In the present edition the quantities of all the long vowels, 
including "hidden quantities," are marked; exercises for trans- 
lation of English into Latin, based on the text, are given. 

Thirty-nine pages of the book have been prepared for reading 
at sight. The other selections are annotated with grammatical 
and explanatory notes. In the passages for sight reading, the 
meanings of such new words as cannot readily be inferred are 
given at the bottom of the page. The notes lay especial em- 
phasis on grammatical constructions which are impressed on the 
pupil's mind by cross references. The text is mainly that of 
C. Holzer (Stuttgart, 1889), with a few changes in orthography 
and punctuation. 

Isaac B. Burgess, The Morgan Park Academy, University of Chicago : 
After considerable class-room use, I take pleasure in commending the 
edition of Viri Romce by Professor John C. Rolfe. The notes and 
vocabulary show care and accuracy. The marking of all long vowels 
is very valuable in elementary work. The hints for translation into 
Latin admirably cover a good deal of ground in a little space, and 
the exercises for translation from English into Latin save a teacher 
much work. 

George H. Browne, Browne and Nichols School, Cambridge, Mass. : 
Every time I have looked over Rolfe's Viri Roma I have admired 
the aim and method of its editor more and more, and cannot commend 
too highly the success he seems to me to have attained. After using, 
I expect to make the same report. 



LA TfM 23 

Virgil's Aeneid, Books I-VI, VIII, IX, and 
portions of the remaining books. 

With Notes, Vocabulary, Map, Illustrations. Edited by DAVID Y. 
COMSTOCK, Principal of St. Johnsbury Academy, Vt. 121110, half 
leather, 567 pages. Price, $140. 

THIS school edition of the Aeneid is designed to furnish a 
helpful guide to the intelligent reading of the poem. It 
aims throughout to render all requisite aid to the pupil of aver- 
age ability and preparation. 

The Introduction contains a short outline of classical mythol- 
ogy, a brief presentation of the principles of prosody, suggestions 
as to the translation of Latin poetry, and explanation and illus- 
tration of grammatical and rhetorical figures. 

The Text contains Books I-VI, VIII, IX, and brief selections 
from the other Books, thus enabling the student to secure a 
connected idea of the story of the Aeneid as a whole. 

The Notes give aid of the right sort, in right measure, and at 
the right time. They avoid prolixity, dulness, and obscurity, 
and assume neither too much nor too little knowledge on the 
part of the student. 

F. W. Atkinson, Principal of High School, Springfield, Mass. : I like the 
notes particularly well : they show a good deal of common sense, to 
say nothing of scholarship. 

D. W. Lothman, Central High School, Cleveland, O. : I have examined 
with some care Comstock's Virgil, and I am pleased to say that I regard 
it as an excellent edition. The sections which have been added from the 
last Books of the Aeneid furnish excellent material for sight reading. . . . 
But the real merit of the book lies in the notes, which are compact and 
to the point, and ought to do much to get both pupils and teachers away 
from the usual stereotyped " schoolboy translation " to real English. 

W. P. Cope, Principal of High School, Hamilton, O. : I have examined i 
carefully, and I like it better than any other edition that I have seen 
It is written to assist the pupil and not to display the learning of the 
author. ... In short, I think Comstock's Virgil an ideal text-book. 

Journal of Pedagogy, December, 1896 : Altogether this edition by Mr, 
Comstock is one of the most satisfactory that has appeared in this 
country. 



32 LATIN. 

College Latin Series. 

ODES AND EPODES OF HORACE. 

Edited by Professor CHARLES E. BENNETT, of Cornell University. 
I2mo, cloth, 464 pages. Price, $1.40. 

SATIRES AND EPISTLES OF HORACE. 

Edited by Professor JOHN C. ROLFE, of the University of Michigan. 
121110, cloth, 458 pages. Price, $140. 

COMPLETE WORKS OF HORACE. 

Edited by Professors BENNETT and ROLFE. i2mo, cloth, 922 pages. 
Price, $2.00. 

In these volumes each poem is preceded by a careful analysis 
giving in a line or two all necessary information regarding the 
subject, date, and metre. Each volume is prefaced by a scholarly 
discussion of the life and work of Horace, his metres, and lan- 
guage. The commentary is concise, accurate, and eminently 
judicious, in all cases telling the student all he needs to know, 
and never telling him more than he needs, or more than he will 
understand and appreciate. 

THE DIALOGUS OF TACITUS. 

With an Introduction and Notes by Professor ALFRED GUDEMAN, 
izmo, cloth, 201 pages. Price, $1.00. 

THE AGRICOLA OF TACITUS. 

With an Introduction and Notes by Professor ALFRED GUDEMAN. 
I2mo, cloth, 198 pages. Price, $1.00. 

THE AGRICOLA AND GERMANIA OF TACITUS. 

With Maps, Introduction, and Notes, by Professor ALFRED GUDE- 
MAN. I2mo, cloth, 366 pages. Price, $1.40. 

In the Dialogus is a scholarly discussion of the authorship of 
the treatise. The Introduction of the Agricola covers the " Life 
and Writings of Tacitus," " The Literary Character of the Agric- 
ola," and "The Style and Rhetoric of Tacitus." This introduc- 
tion is reprinted in the Agricola and Ger mania, which contains 
also an introduction to the Germania, and two valuable maps, 
one of the British Isles, for the Agricola, and the other of Europe, 
with both ancient and modern names, for the Gerniania. 



LATIN. 33 

College Latin Series, continued. 

THE ANDRIA OF TERENCE. 

With Introduction and Notes by Professor HENRY R. FAIRCLOUGH, of 
Leland Stanford Junior University. I2mo, cloth, 266 pages. Price, $1.25. 

The introduction deals in a thorough yet concise fashion with 
the Development of Roman Comedy, the Plot of the Andria, the 
Characters of the Andria, Dramatic Entertainments, the Division 
of Plays into Acts and Scenes, Actors and their Costume, the 
Theatre, Prosody, Metres and Music, and the Language. The 
notes are carefully adapted to college and university work. 

THE CAPTIVI OF PLAUTUS. 

With Introduction and Notes by Professor H. C. ELMER, of Cornell 
University. I2mo, cloth, 231 pages. Price, $1.25. 

Professor Elmer's introduction is a brief but comprehensive sur- 
vey of Plautus' life, his writings, metres, and language, Roman 
dramatic performances, and the history of the text of the Captivi. 

SELECTED LETTERS OF PLINY. 

With an Introduction and Notes by Professor J. H. WESTCOTT, of 
Princeton University. 1 2m o, cloth, 326 pages. Price, $1.25. 

The Introduction contains a Life of Pliny, a discussion of Pliny's 
Style, and a brief bibliography. The Chronology of the Letters, 
and a critical treatment of the text are given in the Appendices. 

HANDBOOK OF LATIN INSCRIPTIONS. 

By W. M. LINDSAY, M.A., Fellow of Jesus College, Oxford. i6mo, 
cloth, 134 pages. Price, $1.25. 

The author states very clearly some of the principles of form 
changes in Latin, and gives a collection of inscriptions by way of 
illustration, from the earliest period down to Imperial and Late 
Latin. 

ROMAN CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY. 

By Dr. JOHN E. GRANRUD, of the University of Minnesota. 12010, 
cloth, 306 pages. Price, $1.25. 

The political institutions of Rome are treated historically so as 
to furnish collateral reading for students of Latin, and provide an 
admirable introduction to further study of the subject. 



24 LATIN. 

A Junior Latin Booh. 

With Notes, Exercises, and Vocabulary, by Professors JOHN C. RoLFE 
and WALTER DENNISON, of the University of Michigan, iztno, half 
leather, 498 pages. Price, $1.25. 

THIS book will appeal most forcibly both to those teachers 
who are accustomed to begin the course in Latin Reading 
with the difficult Gallic War, and to those who prefer to pre- 
pare the way to Caesar by the use of some easier text. To the 
former it offers a book that can be begun long before their classes 
can read Caesar a distinct economy of time. To the latter it 
gives in a single carefully graded volume the varied and profita- 
ble material that has hitherto been available only by the purchase 
of several text-books a distinct economy of means. 

The text consists of Fables, Stories of Roman History based 
on Eutropius and Livy, extracts from Viri Romae, seven Lives 
of Nepos, and Books I. and II. of the Gallic War. The book 
also contains exercises for translation into Latin, based on the 
text, and many good maps and plans. 

J. C. Kirtland, Jr., Phillips Academy, Exeter, N.H. : We are using Rolfe 
and Dennison's Junior Latin Book with the class which began the study 
of Latin last September. The Roman history especially appealed to us, 
and we are not surprised to find by experience that it furnishes most 
satisfactory material for first reading. 

J. Edmund Barss, Hotchkiss School, Lakeville, Conn. : The selections are, 
it seems to me, well adapted to provide a substitute for the traditional 
four Books of Caesar. It is an admirably common-sense text-book. 

J R. L. Johnson, Piedmont Academy, Gordonsville, Va. : It is one of the 
most important contributions to the study of Latin which has appeared 
for years, and one which must inevitably attract the interest of all teach- 
ers, as it is admirably suited for the purposes for which it is intended. 

Nathan B. Coy, Principal of Cutler Academy, Colorado Springs, Col. : 
After giving the Junior Latin Book careful inspection, I do not hesi- 
tate to pronounce it the very best book for second-year Latin with which 
I have any acquaintance. 

Capt. C. W. New, St. John's Military Academy, Delafield, Wis. : 1 antici- 
pate good results from the use of the Junior Latin Book. It is fitted 
for its purpose exactly and forms a good substitute for four long Books 
of Caesar. 



UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY 

Los Angeles 
This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. 



Form L9-25m-8,'46(9852)444 



BRARY 
UN) .LiFORNIA 



PA 
2087 Nutting - 


N97s A supplementary 
latin composi- 


tion. 


MAR SO 191 









UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY 




PA 

2087 

N97s