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R.'jTa 


ROYAL  GEOGRAPHICAL  SOCIETY. 


Supplementary  Papers. 


TVBUSBSD  UBDEB  TEB  AtlTHOBlTX  OF  THE  OOUVCIli,   ADD  EDITIED  BT 
THB  ABBIBTAIIT  BBOBISIABY,    1,  SITILS  BOW. 


Volume  II. 


LONDON: 
JOHK  HURBAT,  ALBEMABLE  8IBEET. 


0^ 


lokdoh: 
pbinted  bt  william  0l0w18  akd  sons,  limited, 

9TAMrORD  9TBEBT  A9D  CRABOTO  CBOSS. 


272592 


*  • 


•    I 


•  • 


••• 


•  •  • 


CONTENTS. 


-•o«- 


PABT  L 

FAOB 

I.   EXFLOBATION  IH  SOUTHEBN  ASD  SOUTH-WKSTEBN  ChIKA.     By  AbOHIBALD 

R.  GoLQUHOUH.    ( With  Map8.) 1 

§^  n.   BlBUOGBAPHT  AHD  CaBTOQBAPHT  OP  HiSPAKIOLA.     By  H.  LiNG  ROTH        41 

m.  ExPLOBATioNB  IK  Zanzibab  Dominionb.     By  Lieat.  Ghas.  Stbwabt 

Smith,  B.K.    {With  Maps.) 99 

PABT  IL 

A   BiBLIOOBAPHT  OF  AlgEBIA,  FBOM    THB    EXPEDITION    OF    ChABLES  V.   IN 

1541  TO  1887 127 

PABT  III. 

L  Oh  the  Measubemekt  of  Heights  bt  the  Baboheteb.     By  John 

Ball,  F.B.8.y  etc 431 

n.  BivBB  Entbanoes.    By  Hugh  Robebt  Mill,  d.so.,  f.b.b.e.,   of  the 

Sootti^  Marine  Station 473 

nL  Mr.  J.  F.  Needhah's  Joubnet  along  the  Lohit  Bbahicaputba, 
between  Sadita  in  Uppeb  Assam  and  Riha  in  Soxtth-eastebn 
Tibet.    (^With  a  Map) 485 

PABT  IV. 

L  BiBLIOOBAPHT  OF  THE  Babbabt  States.    Part  I.  Tbipoli  and  the 

Ctbbnaioa.    {y^ith  a  Map.}    By  Sir  R.  L.  Playfaib,  K.oaLG.,  Era    557 

'  IL  Hudson's  Bat  and  Stbait.    By  Commodore  A.  H.  Markham,  b.n.  •    615 
IxDKX,  TO  Vol.  IL 661 


EXPLORATION 


IX 


SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA. 

By  Arohibald  B.  Golquhoun,  c.e. 


FAOS 

1-  WUCHAU  TO  PE-Sfi » 

2.  PE.S:fi  TO  SSU-MAO 17 

3.  8S&.MA0  TO  TALI     34 


TOL.  n.  s 


J' 


•   •        • 
•       •• 

•  •        • 


•  •  • 

»  •  " 


•-.-. 


EXPLOBATION 


IN 


SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA. 

By  Abchibald  B.  Colquhouk,  c.e. 

ICap,  p.  126. 

L  WUCHAU  TO  PE-Sfe. 

It  had  long  been  my  intention  to  attempt  a  journey  throngli  Indo-China. 
My  idea,  tlie  resnlt  of  much  careful  consideration,  was  to  take  a  route 
through  Southern  China  (comprising  the  provinces  of  Ewang-tung, 
Kwang-si,  and  Yunnan),  the  Shan  or  Lsios  country,  lying — a  sort  of 
debatable  land — between  Tonquin,  Burmah,  Yunnan,  and  Siam,  and 
thence  to  cross  into  South-eastern  Burmah.  The  project  comprised 
some  1500  miles  of  exploration,  of  which  two-thirds  would  be  over 
untrodden  ground,  undescribed  by  European  travellers,  and  the  whole 
length  would  afford  subjects  of  great  interest. 

In  May  1881 1  was  able  to  take  furlough  to  England,  and  I  went 
home  fully  decided  to  attempt  my  journey  in  the  winter  of  that  year. 
After  benefiting  by  the  friendly  advice  of  several  eminent  authorities 
x>n  Indo-China,  and  selecting  as  my  companion  and  assistant  Mr. 
Charles  Wahab,  C.E.,  I  left  London  for  China  on  the  8th  of  December, 
1881,  arriving  at  Canton  on  the  19th  of  January,  1882.  After  a  fort- 
night's vexatious  delay,  caused  by  the  difficulty  in  getting  Chinese 
interpreters,  servants  and  coolies  to  accompany  me  on  what  they  con- 
sidered a  wild  journey,  objectless  and  dangerous,  I  got  together  a  party 
consisting  of  Mr.  Hong  Beng  Eaw  (a  Chinese  gentleman  educated  in 
Scotland),  a  Cantonese  interpreter,  coolie  cook,  and  two  boys,  including 
ourselves  numbering  altogether  seven.  We  had  arranged  with  the 
captain  of  a  fto-tau  (river  boat)  to  deliver  us  at  Pe-se,  called  Pak-shik 
l)y  the  Cantonese,  the  highest  navigable  point  on  the  West  river,  for 
100  taels,  or  about  151  dollars*  He  engaged  to  deliver  us  there  in  forty 
<lays,  au  ample  allowance  for  the  distance,  about  600  miles  by  the  maps. 
A  smaller  boat  would  have  sufficed  for  mere  travelling  purposes,  but 
as  we  intended  executing  a  survey  of  the  river,  more  room  was  required 
for  the  duties  attendant  on  this  work.  Our  stores,  medicines,  and 
instruments  were  packed  in  cases,  ea'^h  enclosing  ten  days'  supply,  and 

B  2 


4  EXJ^-OfiSTION  IN  SOUTHERS  AMD  SOUTH- WESTEEN  <;HIN\\. 

not  weigliitiE  nioi-e  than  GO  lbn,  each.  Two  such  packages  iiiafco  one 
mnhAokd',  and  one  cnn  Iw  carried  by  a  coolie,  but  we  could  learn  a» 
litde'>hoiit  this  before  starting  ii«  on  the  subject  of  the  money  to  bo 
'token,  local  advice  wns  nn«t  conflicting  ;  at  last  vrc  made  up  our  mind* 
.  ■■.  to  take  Mexican  dollars  both  new  and  "  chopped,"  fur  use  on  the  river, 
,.'  and  to  use  ai/eee  silver  fetamped)  for  the  Yunnan  laud  journey.  Wi? 
tihould  have  been  spared  the  risk  and  trouble  of  carrying  a  conBidcrable 
sum  of  money  from  Oanton  to  Pe-se  had  it  been  possible  to  arrange  n. 
credit  on  the  Intter  place,  but  negotiations  for  this  purpose,  which  at 
ono  time  seemed  likely  to  bo  successful,  tmfortJmately  broke  down.  As- 
regards  oar  dress,  we  acted  on  the  advice  of  Mr.  M'Carthy  of  the  China 
Inland  Mission,  and  Bishop  Foucard,  taking  full  Chinese  costume  with 
us,  to  be  worn  through  the  Chinese  portion  of  our  route;  not  that  it  ia 
possible  for  an  Anglo-Saxon  to  deceive  the  Chinese  by  any  such  disguise, 
Ijut  merely  to  ward  off  undesirable  curiosity,  which  would  be  courted 
by  moving  about  in  public  dressed  after  what  the  Chinese  coutdder  our 
own  barbarous  style. 

We  loft  Canton  on  the  evening  of  the  4th  of  February,  after  re- 
ceiving from  the  Viceroy  of  the  province  a  most  useful  recommend atiou 
to  the  Sub-prefect  of  Pe-s8. 

From  Canton  to  Wu-chau  the  river  had  Ijecu  alreatly  surveyed  by 
European  travellers,  our  survey  thereforo  iiegins  at  this  latter  point. 

After  a  pleasant  and  not  uneventful  journey,  we  arrived  at  Wu-cha«. 
This  city  is  said  to  havo  suffered  very  much  from  tlio  Taipings,  but  ha» 
recovered  fast.      Steamers  of  verj-   light  draught  can   ascend  to  this 

Tho  Fu-ho  or  Kwei  river,  as  it  is  called  hero,  which  enters  the  main 
stream  from  tho  north,  above  Wu-ehau,  is  300  or  400  yards  wide,  and 
can  be  ascended  to  the  provincial  capital  Kwei-lam-fu  (Kwei-lin-fu), 
some  300  miles  from  thiu. 

Moving  away  from  Wu-chau  very  early,  we  had  some  difBculty  in 
getting  clear  of  the  block  of  boats  surrounding  us  on  all  sides.  Soon 
after  passing  tho  Fu-ho  tho  river  divides,  and  wo  observed  a  fortilo 
island,  Oheong-ahou,  six  miles  in  length  and  t!iree  in  breadth ;  on  the 
ridge  skirting  the  soutliom  or  right  bank  of  tho  stream,  a  pagoda  was- 
seen,  Soou  afler  wo  came  to  the  firat  of  a  series  of  rocks,  which  we  met 
at  intervals  for  a  number  of  miles  up  the  river.  Those  rooks,  shaqi  and 
rugged,  form  dangerous  rapids.  At  this  season  of  the  year  they  aro 
well  exposed,  but  in  the  flood-time  they  are  conipletely  concealed.  Th& 
caims  erected  by  fishermen  on  these  rocks  give  them  a  curious  appear- 
ance.    In  ono  placo  I  believe  a  ntau  could  wade  across. 

Some  few  miloa  above  the  isJand  wo  came  tu  tho  Tung-tam-hap,  or 
gorge,  with  tlireo  rocks  in  mid-stream. 

The  following  day  wo  passed,  early  in  the  morning,  Boveral  islaudB 
with  ree&  of  rockii  showing  alxivo  the  water-level ;  and  above  these 


EXPLORATION  IN  SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA.  5 

Tang-ynen  (Tang-hien).  A  small  trade  is  carried  on  between  Pak-hoi 
and  this  place  by  means  of  creeks  navigable  only  by  small  craft;  a 
difficult  long  journey  incapable  of  improvement.  The  town  is  remark- 
able for  its  background  of  red  sandstone  hills,  and  a  five-storied  pagoda 
close  by  on  the  opposite  sidB  of  the  creek.  Near  a  small  village  there  is 
a  temple  named  Mau-cheong-meu,  or  "  Court  of  Literature." 

We  next  sailed  past  the  island  of  Tung-chou  (about  one-third  of  a 
mile  in  length),  and  some  ten  miles  above  it,  the  town  of  Mong-kong, 
situated  on  the  north  bank,  noticeable  for  the  prominent  pawnbroker's 
shop  standing  above  all  the  other  houses.  Mong-kong  lies  in  beautiful 
soeneiy ;  built  upon  a  small  plain  where  the  hills  recede  from  the  river, 
it  has  a  background  of  red  hills,  while  to  the  eastward  range  upon  range 
meet  the  view.  On  the  other  side  of  the  river  the  hills  reach  the 
water's  edge  in  some  places,  meeting  the  water  in  the  water-worn  bluffs, 
round  which  the  water  runs  swift  and  strong. 

Fish  and  fruit  are  good  and  abundant  in  the  neighbourhood.  The 
cultivation  of  rice  became  scarcer,  Indian  com  appearing  to  be  the  staple 
of  food.    Pork,  poultry,  eggs,  and  firewood  were  not  dear. 

Leaving  Mong-kong  before  daybreak,  we  wound  through  a  perfect 
maze  of  jagged  rocks  and  swirling  rapids,  giving  the  river  here,  close  on 
a  mile  and  a  half  wide,  the  appearance  of  a  succession  of  locks,  losing 
themselves  in  a  background  of  densely  clad  hills.  Behind  these  came 
range  upon  range  of  mountains. 

After  leaving  Mong-kong  several  islands  were  passed,  the  largest  of 
these,  Wong-po-chou,  being  remarkable  for  its  rich  verdure  and  cultiva- 
tion, amongst  which  nestle  several  villages.  The  scenery  here  is  re- 
markable ;  the  eye  is  at  once  attracted  by  the  ruins  of  a  pagoda,  built 
in  a  commanding  situation  on  a  mountain  range  overlooking  the  east  and 
west.  Looking  from  above  or  below  the  range  appears  to  cross  the 
liver,  which  it  probably  did  at  one  time. 

The  town  of  Pak-ma-hii,  a  wretched  little  place,  lies  a  few  miles 
further  on.  When  approaching  the  town,  and  for  a  long  distance 
beyond  it,  the  Ma-ow-shan  or  Saddle  Mountain  attracted  our  attention. 
A  complete  alteration  now  takes  place  in  the  character  of  the  country. 
The  river  is  no  longer  flanked  by  bold  hills  and  ranges,  which  retire 
from  the  river  and  are  soon  lost  to  sight. 

The  village  of  Mo-lam-hu,  situated  on  the  right  bank  a  few  miles 
further  on,  is  only  remarkable  as  being  in  communication  by  a  creek 
with  Tai-wu,  the  great  cassia-market  of  Kwang-si. 

The  river  above  Mo-lam-hii  takes  a  sharp  sweep,  and  soon  after  the 
little  town  of  Tam-chuk,  situated  on  the  left  bank,  is  reached.  We 
anchored  there  for  the  night.  After  leaving  Mo-lam-hii  we  passed 
nothing  remarkable  but  two  pagodas  of  five  stories  each,  polygonal, 
with  the  stories  decreasing  in  breadth  and  height  towards  the  top — the 
conventional  form  in  South-eastern  China. 


6  EXPLORATiOS  IS  SOUTHEI;.";  AND  SOUTH-WESTERK  CHINA. 

A  Itttlo  Lejoiid  Tam-cliuk  we  came  to  the  town  of  Piiig-nati-yneih 
(Ping-nan-ltieii),  situated  ou  tlie  north  sjJa  of  the  river,  reiiiarkablo  for 
ita  flights  of  maesive  stono  steps,  which  wind  down  to  the  river-edge  ou 
either  side  of  a  creok  above  the  town.  Ou  the  west  side  a  magnificont 
boulder  formB  an  abutment.  Ping-uau,  which  Hca  in  au  araphitheatre^ 
well  cultivated  aud  wooded,  has  fiue  granite  walls  and  brick  ramparts  of 
the  usual  description. 

Above  Fing-nan  the  river  is  full  of  bonds,  and  iu  one  place  hau  made- 
a  "  cut-off  "  behind  a  reef  of  rocka  which,  cropping  out  of  the  bank,  stands 
in  places  30  feet  out  of  tho  water.  Iu  these  honeycombed  rooks  there- 
is  a  tendency  to  cave-formatiou.  Shortly  after  tliis  we  came  to  the 
Eu-yung  rapids  ;  next  a  number  of  rocks  ;  and  then  another  series  of 
rapids,  amongst  tho  worst  on  the  river,  namely,  tho  Fu-Ioong-tan, 
Looug-mun-tan,  and  the  Fu-ten-tan,  or,  as  it  is  graphically  named,  thft 
"  Jumping  Tiger"  rapid. 

Tai-wong-kong  we  reached  tm  tho  evening  of  our  New  Year's  Day, 
soon  after  passing  the  last-mentioned  rapid.  Leaving  Tai-wong,  the 
river  runs  suddenly  southwards  in  great  bends,  and  iu  the  afternoon  we 
reached  Tsun-chau-fu,  a  prefectural  town,  often  locally  called  Kwei- 
ping,  from  the  name  of  its  district,  and  which  ia  situated  on  the  north 
bank.  Tho  charaotor  of  the  river  before  reaching  Tsun-chau-fu  is* 
marked  by  iionibcrs  of  rapids,  exposed  Imnks  of  sand  and  shingles, 
and  very  rugged  ntaesivo  stone  banks.  Just  before  reaching  tho  city 
the  southern  bank  is  formed  of  immeuso  tiers  of  stone,  laid  iu  horizontal 
strata,  making  a  magoifioent  face-wall,  around  which  the  stream  swirU 
and  rushes  at  a  furious  pace. 

At  the  commencemont  of  the  stone-face,  a  mile  and  a  half  below  the 
«ity,  stands  in  a  prominent  position  the  Yeong-lan-tap  or  "  Sun-lit 
Lotus  "  pagoda,  a  handsome  nine-storied  polygonal  structure. 

Tho  entrance  to  the  Pak-ho,  where  it  joins  tho  main  West  river  at 
Tsun-chau-fu,  exiiibits  a  scone  of  wild  grandeur. 

Tsun-ehau-fu  is  a  walled  city  of  considerable  area,  on  the  apex  of  tho 
junction  of  tho  AVost  river  aud  the  Pak-ho.     The  villages  forming  the 
suburbs  are  larger  than  tho  town  itself,  and  the  whole  place  bears  at 
fe  once  evidence  of  Taiping  marauders  and  its  past  importance  as  a  trading 

I  centre. 

I  Tung-chuen,  which  is  some  50  miles  above  Tsun-chau-fa,  is  the 

I  principal  rice-market  of  Ewang-si.    Below  Tung-chuen  there  is  a  three- 

I  storied  pagoda.     The  town  itself  lies  in  a  well-wooded  hollow — jjoeping 

I  out  through  thick  foliage,  set  on  the  top  of  tho  southern  bank,  which  is 

I  lined  by  dark  rock  of  marked  strata.     Tho  river  between  Tsun-chau  and 

I  Tung-chuen  ia  u  succession  of  bonds,  including  in  their  bearing  all  tlio 

I  poiulB  of  tho  compass.     The  main  feature  of  the  country  where  we  now 

I  were  consiBted  in  the  shar]>-poaked  rocks,  200  to  600  feet  high,  which 

I  stand  isolated  ou  tho  plain  lying  ou  tho  left  bank.     A  mass  of  theses 


d 


EXPLORATION  IN  SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA.  7 

looking  like  mins — called  the  En-lo-fiheak-shan — ^and  bearing  some 
resemblance  to  a  castellated  fortress,  is  visible  to  the  westward.  These 
cnrions  piles  are  met  for  the  next  few  miles.  An  eight-storied  pagoda, 
called  the  **  Crooked  Turnip,"  said  to  be  of  great  age,  was  passed  on  the 
south  bank,  a  few  miles  above  Tung-chuen.  A  three-storied  pagoda  of 
newer  construction  was  noticed  one  li  above  the  first. 

Proceeding  through  a  stretch  of  broken  level  country,  the  banks 
being  in  many  places  lined  with  rocks  very  rugged  in  outline,  two 
pagodas  (one  nine-  and  the  other  three-storied)  were  passed  before 
reaching  Kwei-yuen  (Ewei-hien),  where  we  halted  for  some  hours. 
Ewei-yuen  is  a  walled  city,  with  suburbs  straggling  beyond  the  walls ; 
the  partial  destruction  of  these,  the  remains  of  a  temple,  and  the  ruins 
of  many  other  buildings  on  the  eastern  side  mark  some  of  the  damage 
done  by  the  Taiping  occupation.  The  prominent  objects  visible  from 
the  river  are  the  examination-hall,  an  unsightly  red  building  with 
yellow  roof,  the  new  city  wall,  and  a  flight  of  stone  steps  from  the 
water  edge  to  one  of  the  entrances  of  the  city. 

Above  Ewei-yuen  the  country  is  a  broken  level  plain,  with  hills 
converging  to  the  Ngan-pai  gorge,  and  under  cultivation.  Several 
villages,  amongst  them  Nga-ton-hii  and  Nga-hon-tong,  were  passed 
before  reaching  the  Ngan-pai  gorge,  where  the  river  is  suddenly  con- 
tracted by  the  approach  of  low  ranges  on  either  side  to  about  600  feet. 
Sixteen  miles  of  river  can  be  shortened  here  by  a  two-mile  cut. 

The  river  has  high  banks,  with  rocky  slopes,  both  above  and  below 
the  gorge.  A  range  of  hills,  seemingly  about  1000  feet  high,  called  the 
Eou-loong-tam-shan,  being  seen  to  the  south-west,  and  a  few  miles 
distant.  Shortly  above  Heung-kong  a  range  of  low  confused  hills 
reaches  the  river  on  the  south  bank,  just  before  joining  what  resembles 
a  cut  or  made  channel,  some  300  feet  broad,  on  the  south  bank.  Imme- 
diately after  this  a  small  rocky  island  showed  above  the  water-level,  and 
here  we  anchored  for  the  night  off  a  village  called  Tai-ling-hii, 

On  the  morning  of  21st  February  we  passed  an  island  soon  after  our 
start,  and  then  commenced  the  ascent  of  a  series  of  rapids,  situated 
12  miles  above  the  Ngan-pai  gorge,  and  which  are  the  worst  and  most 
dangerous  on  the  river.  Amongst  these  rapids,  the  Lai-pik-tan  or 
**  Ploughshare "  is  justly  named  and  distinguished  as  the  worst.  The 
channel  lies  close  to  the  northern  bank,  with  rocks  forming  a  network, 
through  which  it  is  a  difficult  task  to  make  way  against  the  currents, 
which  foaming  and  lashing,  tear  at  a  terrible  pace  round  the  rocks. 
We  were  forty  minutes  in  getting  over  this  rapid,  a  distance  of  a  few 

yards. 

A  few  miles  above  the  last  rapid  a  bold  rocky  bluff  rises  from  the 
river,  which  at  one  time  called  Tchii-tau  or  Pig's  Head,  is  now  called 
Ne-to.  A  temple  is  erected  close  to  a  village  called  Ping-fat.  The  same 
species  of  peaked  rocks  or  pinnacles,  is  met  with  a  little  higher  up, 


8  EXPLORATION  IX  SOUTHERN  AND  STiLTH-WESTERN  CHISA. 

Btrewii  over  tho  plain  uext  the  river,  similar  to  those  mentioned  near 

After  this  we  passed  a  rock,  celebrated  in  Cliinese  history,  rising 
abruptly  from  the  right  bank  of  the  river,  called  Pang-tong-ngaii. 

Passing  tbrougb  sharp  bonds  of  the  liver  and  several  villages  of  no 
importance,  then  through  a  plain  of  broken  undulating  ground,  rice  and 
Indian  com  being  under  close  cullivation,  we  came  to  the  city  of  Hwang- 
chau.  It  lies  on  a  sharp  bend  of  the  river,  hero  about  400  yards  in 
width.  To  the  north  lies  a  range  of  mountains,  seemingly  about  2000 
feet  high,  on  the  rJdge  of  which  some  temples  are  situated ;  while  on 
the  sonth  side  a  low  range  of  confused  hills  close  in  on  the  river,  these 
are  joined,  two  miles  further  np  stream,  by  a  similar  range  on  the  north 
side,  which  continues  for  somo  ticne. 

In  approaching  the  city,  tho  £rst  things  that  strike  tho  eye  are  the 
remains  of  some  ruined  temples,  and  next  them  those  of  the  Ewang- 
tnng  or  Canton  guild-house,  destroyed  by  the  Taipings,  These  are 
admirably  situated,  and  enjoy,  as  these  structitres  often  do,  the  pleasant 
shade  of  magnificent  trees.  At  tho  upper  end  of  the  town  a  temple  of 
ConfnciuB,  in  glaring  red  colour,  attracts  the  eye  from  its  unsightlinees. 
The  business  suburb,  which  lies  iacing  the  rirer,  is  built  on  a  stone- 
faced  wall  as  a  protection  against  floods. 

The  country  above  Ilwang-chau  is  hilly,  consisting  of  low  ranges, 
clad  with  small  trues  lining  the  river,  which  here  widens  greatly.  Two 
islands  were  passed,  thickly  wowled,  and  close  to  them  the  navigation 
was  very  difficult,  on  account  of  tho  ma^.o  of  rocks  and  powerful  rapida, 
which  here  end  what  is  called  "  the  3G  li  long  rapid."  Soon  after  this 
we  anchored  at  tho  village  of  ?>am-heong-hn,  opposito  to  which  on  a 
bold  rooky  site  stands  the  ruins  of  a  joss-houso,  blown  up  by  the 
rebels. 

For  h&lf-a-doMn  miles  beyond  the  "36  li  long  rapid"  the  country 
regains  an  open  character,  and  is  planted  with  rioe,  Indian  com,  and 
sugar-cane ;  but  a  few  miles  below  tho  village  of  Kng-tong  low  hilly 
country  recommences,  and  continues  for  nearly  20  miles,  to  a  small 
village  named  Sun-on-hu.  Shortly  before  arriving  at  Ping-tong  we  saw 
a  group  of  ruined  buildings,  probably  the  remains  of  a  cluster  of 
temples,  and  near  them  were  two  large  round  upright  stones,  lying  near 
a  hamlet,  Chu-sun-tai.  Passing  several  villages  of  small  size,  and  somo 
I'apids  of  no  note,  the  prettily  situated  village  of  Fo-yin-kok  was  reached, 
at  a  sharp  bend  in  the  river.  The  stream  hero  widens  out  to  close  on 
three-quarters  of  a  mile.  Immediately  after  and  on  the  other  side,  the 
village  of  Sap-ye-lo-shan  ("twelve  red  umbrella  hill")  stands,  partly 
over  a  bluff  and  partly  on  the  face  of  a  hill. 

Tho  river  banks  after  leaving  Sun-on-bii  are  high,  and  the  ootmtry 
abounding  in  hillooks,  is  bare  and  barren-looking.  The  Sam-obow 
rapids  were  encountered  a  few  miles  further  on,  near  the  village  of  the 


A 


EXPLORATION  IN  SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA.  9 

«ame  name,  lying  opposite  a  red  sandstone  bluff.  A  large  village  named 
Ko-chenn  was  noticed  on  the  soutli  bank ;  and  soon  after,  the  town  of 
Wing-tnDg-yuen  (YungHshnn-hien)  on  the  same  side  of  the  river.  A 
red  Confucian  temple  is  conspicuous  from  the  river.  Just  below  the 
city  we  saw  a  seven-storied  pagoda,  partly  demolished  by  the  rebels, 
but  rebuilt  in  1880.  It  is  a  handsome  structure,  built  of  grey  stone  or 
Inick.  After  passing  the  main  part  of  the  city,  the  fine  old  city  wall 
was  observed,  standing  picturesquely  on  a  precipice  overhanging  the 
river. 

Passing  several  hamlets,  about  eight  miles  further  on  we  entered  a 
very  wild  bare  country,  with  hills  about  2000  feet  high,  on  the  north 
bank,  close  by.  The  river  here  has  banks  of  masses  of  jagged  fierce 
rocks,  standing  like  rugged  stone  harrows  out  of  the  water,  and  takes  a 
«harp  turn  southwards,  leaving  what  looks  like  its  old  stone  bed  at  the 
foot  of  the  high  range  mentioned  before.  At  the  extreme  inner  point 
of  the  bend  we  noticed  a  high  ruined  watch-tower  built  of  stones. 

For  the  next  20  miles  the  country  regains  its  open  character,  the 
banks  being  high,  and  we  passed  two  or  three  villages  and  sandbanks. 

Ling-le-tong  is  the  most  important  of  the  petty  villages  we  saw  to- 
day. We  sailed  past  two  villages  named  Pat-tai-ngan  and  Po>mieu-hu, 
remarkable  for  the  beauty  of  their  position.  The  stream  now  rushed 
between  high  rocky  banks,  and  the  country  became  broken  and  uneven. 

Just  before  the  first-mentioned  village  a  joss-house  stands  in  a  most 
picturesque  spot,  built  into  the  crest  of  a  precipitous  bluff,  so  sheer  that 
a  portion  of  the  bluff  having  given  way,  the  front  of  the  structure 
appears  to  overhang  the  river. 

Passing  the  Pak-chik-kong — a  large  creek  running  southwards  for 
some  distance — the  Fan-tan  rapid  was  reached,  where  a  reef  of  rocks, 
looking  like  stepping-stones,  runs  across  the  river.  At  this  season,  the 
lowest  water-level  of  the  year,  there  was  only  a  channel  of  some  hundred 
feet  on  the  south  side.     These  rapids  are  very  strong. 

Immediately  above  the  Fan-tan  rapid,  the  village  of  Chim-to  lies  on 
a  sharp  bend  of  the  river,  which  here  turns  south.  Shortly  after  this 
an  octagonal  pagoda  in  seven  stories  was  seen  some  distance  ahead, 
situated  on  a  high  peak  of  mountains  lying  to  the  north.  Ascending 
the  river,  past  two  sandy  islands,  with  no  cultivation,  opposite  the 
village  of  Eong-nga-hu,  which  is  on  the  south  bank,  we  came  to  a  seven- 
storied  pagoda.  Close  by  there  is  a  handsome  Buddhist  monastery,  richl}- 
decorated,  resting  in  a  fine  position,  on  a  precipitous  side  of  the  hill. 

Just  above  the  pagoda  a  footpath  runs  across  by  a  short  cut  to  Nan- 
ning-fu,  some  three  miles  it  is  said,  while  by  the  river  it  is  over  ten. 
The  character  of  the  country  was  now  completely  altered,  being  more 
ox>en,  and  the  hills  sinking  into  the  plain  close  by  Nan-ning.  The  district 
had  a  cultivated  and  civilised  air,  especially  after  the  wild  and  bai*e 
conntry  through  which  we  had  been  passing.    Nan-ning,  which  is  about 


10  EXPLOCATIOS  IN  SODTHEKN  AND  SOUTH-lVESTEr.N  CHISA. 

a  mile  in  length,  stretcheB  along  tho  concave  nurthem  side  of  a  bend  ia 
tlio  river.  We  anchored  opposite  tho  On-aat  gate,  near  which  aro 
stationed  the  Lekin  and  CoBtom  guard-boats. 

Nan-ning  ia  a  walled  preicctural  town,  with  a  reputed  population 
of  from  30,000  to  40,000,  which  latter  figure  is  probably  not  over- 
catiuiated. 

To  jjeople  who  imagine  that  olongaide  this  water-way  of  the  West 
ri-ver  there  must  exist  a  teeming  jiopulation,  living  on  enormous  culti- 
vated plains  on  its  banks,  I  may  say  here  that  the  piovinco  of  Ewang-si. 
cumpaied  with  other  provinces  of  China,  is  mountainous,  bare,  and 
barren,  thinly  peopletl,  and  with  only  a  email  area  which  is  cultivable, 
this  being  whore  the  i-iver-banks  here  and  there  spread  out  into  small 
plainsj  and  these  become  fewer  aa  one  travels  westwards.  All  tho  land- 
which  is  cultivable  is  by  no  moans  under  cultivation. 

We  were  prevented  &om  landing  at  Nan-ning-fn  by  the  hostility  of 
tho  people,  the  prefect  himself  expressing  a  hope  that  we  would  give  up 
any  idea  of  lauding.  There  is  nothing  striking  in  the  appearance  of 
Nan-ning.  Between  the  edge  of  the  bank  and  the  crenellated  city  wall 
houses  are  bnilt.  As  usual  along  the  river,  it  has  suburbs  extra  muroa 
at  either  end.  Opposite  tho  city,  on  the  eoutberu  bank,  is  a  far- 
strotcbing  village,  with  a  group  of  joss-houBes  at  the  lower  end. 

We  progressed  but  a  short  distance  from  Nan-ning  through  open 
country,  and  for  the  nest  few  days  passed  through  low,  bare,  undulating, 
hilly  oounti-y,  with  small  villages. 

Some  25  miles  above  Nan-ning,  after  a  long  bend  southward,  & 
branch  of  tho  river — a  fine  stream,  about  200  yards  broad — enters  from  the 
aonlh-west  of  Ewang-ai.  On  this  lie  the  most  important  towns  of  that 
part  of  the  province,  namely,  Sin-uing,  Taiping,  and  Luug-chau-fu.  In 
the  apes  made  by  tho  forking  of  tho  stream  lies  the  village  of  Tam- 
kong-hii,  a  place  of  no  importance,  while  on  the  other  side  are  a  couplo 
of  Custom  boats,  and  closo  by  some  brickfields. 

The  country  in  the  neighbourhood  is  barren  and  covered  with 
hummi.K-ka,  and  little  cultivation  on  any  scalo  is  to  bo  seen.  We  had 
no  reason  to  alter  the  opinion  expressed  regarding  the  seeming  poverty 
of  population  lower  down  the  river.  The  prevalent  idea  that  the  whole 
of  China  is  one  vast  gardon  receives  a  rude  shook  in  the  part  of 
Southern  China  through  which  we  had  lately  passed. 

Wandering  through  some  clusters  of  houses  on  the  banks  one 
evening,  we  noticed  a  fine  limestone  slab,  which  marked,  as  could  bo 
read  from  the  inscription  on  it,  tho  flood-level  of  last  year,  a  very  high 
one,  and  which  is  reported  to  have  done  great  damage.  We  were 
anxious  for  reliable  information  on  the  point  of  the  maximum  rise  and 
fall  in  the  river,  and  here  it  was  with  commendable  acciirucy.  It  gave 
a  rise,  measured  roughly  by  our  calculation,  of  60  feet  above  the  present 
water-level,  the  lowest  of  the  year. 


A 


EXPLORATION  IK  SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA.  11 

Every  now  and  then  as  we  went  along  in  the  ho^au  we  came  across 
some  wretched  hnts,  built  on  the  rocky  bank,  composed  of  a  few  cross 
sticks  with  grass  roofing.  They  were  hardly  high  enough  for  a 
European  to  crawl  into,  but  are  made  to  serve  as  habitations  for  the 
poorer  fishermen* 

Two  miles  above  the  branchiog  of  the  river  the  Kam-ling  ('*  Gk)ld 
Summit  Pagoda  ")  is  met  on  the  south  bank,  and  about  five  miles  flBtrther 
the  market  town  of  the  same  name  on  the  same  bank.  This  pagoda, 
situated  on  a  site  with  a  fine  view,  and  opposite  the  strong  rapids  of  the 
same  name,  is  a  handsome  three-storied  and  octagonal  structure,  built  in 
grey  brick,  richly  ornamented,  and  in  better  taste  than  usual. 

It  seems  curious  that  with  so  much  excellent  stone  in  the  neighbour- 
hood brick  should  be  so  largely  used.  We  came  across  brickworks 
nearly  every  day,  and  evidently  a  considerable  number  of  people  find 
employment  in  this  class  of  manufacture. 

Some  ten  miles  above  the  last-named  rapid,  after  a  large  sandy 
island,  we  passed  several  hamlets  and  a  market  town  named  Lo-long-hii. 
Two  villages  dose  by  each  other,  Yu-tsiin  and  Eow-yu-tsiin,  stand  on 
the  north  bank ;  hard  by  there  is  a  handsome  two-storied  temple,  of  a 
design  not  seen  before  on  the  river,  with  a  smaller  one-storied  building 
akmgside.    This  is  called  the  Wai-loug-miao. 

We  halted  for  the  night  close  by  this,  and  in  view  of  a  fines 
seriated,  sharply-peaked  range  of  hiUs,  lying  to  the  north,  and  seemingly 
about  10  miles  distant. 

During  the  day  we  had  passed  several  curious  examples  of  the 
manner  in  which  the  river  cut  into  the  red  sandstone  hillocks,  or  knolls 
lying  along  the  banks.  The  immense  caverns  made  in  the  fsLoea  of  these 
knoUs,  almost  from  their  top,  present  a  curious  appearance. 

From  the  Ist  of  March  we  began  to  pass  through  country  much 
more  cultivated  than  we  had  previously  seen,  the  banks  being  more 
wooded,  and  farms  and  hamlets  showing  more  signs  of  life.  Curious 
pinnacled  rocks,  similar  in  character  to  those  seen  on  the  plains  lower 
down  the  stream  soon  after  leaving  Canton,  approach  the  river,  and 
begin  to  crop  out  of  its  banks. 

We  passed  soon  after  a  series  of  sharp  angular  bends,  one  after  the 
other,  called  Eau-kuk-ho  or  ''  river  of  nine  turns,"  which  took  us  four 
hours  to  accomplish,  and  which  might  be  cut  ofi"  to  a  mile  and  a  half. 
A  number  of  brick-,  and  two  lime-kilns  were  met,  and  we  halted  close  to 
one  of  the  former,  next  a  small  hamlet. 

The  character  of  the  river  had  now  altered,  its  banks  becoming  walls 
of  limestone  rock,  in  which  cave-formation  was  evident  throughout,  and 
further  up  we  actually  saw  caves  of  some  size. 

Black  ''  needled  "  ranges  are  to  be  seen  on  every  side,  and  the  same 
rocks  close  in  on  the  river,  which  bristles  with  them.  These  ranges  of 
limestone,  black  in  colour,  presented  with  their  "  pinnacled  or  needled  '* 


12  EXPLOIUTIOX  IS  SOLTHEES  ASD  SOUTH-WESTOtS  CHIKA. 

formation  the  fantastic  appearance  of  an  iircgalaj-  saw,  the  teeth  of 
which  are  long  and  shar])  pointed.  When  occurring  in  detached 
pinnacles  they  have  the  appearance  of  a  mttsa  of  rather  ill-used  miiepina 
strewn  ahout  upright  in  a  hap-hoTord  way. 

A  curious  jihenomenon  predated  itself  in  the  appearance  of  the 
burial  grounds  in  the  neighbourhood,  which  had  the  look  of  gioupa 
of  people  moving  about  the  plain. 

The  tracking  hereabouts  was  over  most  difficult  broken  rocky  ground 
with  high  graasoa,  creepers,  and  bu^heii,  in  places  from  40  to  GO  feet 
above  the  river-level,  necessitating  a  very  long  tow-line  to  escape  the 
sharp  rocks. 

Lung-on  (Lung-ngan),  which  we  passed  next,  is  a  walled  town  lying 
in  a  small  plain,  on  the  south  Ride  of  the  river ;  on  the  opposite  bank  is 
a  small  hamlet  and  a  road  leading  to  Sze-om-fu,  a  considerable  prefec- 
tural  city,  which  wus  said  to  be  situated  towards  the  uortb-east,  but 
how  far  we  could  not  ascertain. 

There  seeraod  to  be  some  doubt  as  to  whether  Tu-yang  and  S'se-ern- 
fu  are  correctly  placed  on  our  maps.  I  would  siiggL-st  investigation  by 
the  future  traveller. 

Lung-ngan  presents  much  the  same  appearance  as  many  of  tlie 
towns  already  met  and  described — the  same  ruined  j)ast  look,  a  mero 
station  for  a  few  hucksters. 

The  surrounding  plain  is  under  rice  cultivation ;  the  outer  snburbs 
of  the  town  and  a  few  hamlets  scattered  here  and  there  have  vegetable 
gardens  and  fruit  trees  surrounding  them.  At  the  rear  of  the  town, 
and  some  few  miles  distant  is  a  range  of  sharp-peaked  hills,  at  the  base 
of  which  ai'e  several  joss-houses. 

Passing  through  reaches  of  the  river  whoso  sides  are  dykes  of  rock, 
rising  from  SO  to  70  feet  above  the  water-level,  of  the  most  extra- 
ordinary and  jagged  8hai>es,  wo  anchored  for  the  night  at  the  village 
of  Ha-ngan,  situated  at  the  end  of  a  wild  and  beautiful  gorge,  some  four 
miles  in  length. 

Here  a  splendid  vista  of  champaign  country,  undulating  and  verdant, 
lying  on  either  side  of  a  long  straight  reach  of  the  river,  a  rarity  on  this 
tortuous  stream,  meets  the  eye,  aSbrding  a  pleasant  relief  after  the 
rocky  gorges  just  passed.  The  walls  of  rocks  forming  these  are  of  very 
varieil  shapes,  in  places  cavemed  out  roughly  and  irregularly,  and 
rising  in  sheer  masses  from  the  -water-edge ;  in  other  places  overhanging 
the  stream  in  bold  grotesque  and  dangerous-looking,  though  picturesque 
cubes.  In  several  cases  our  boat  passed  underneath  these  projecting 
masses,  with  our  tall  mast,  about  10  feet  in  length,  unshipped. 

We  noticed  numerous  cascades,  and  a  aub-iuiueous  air-spring  bubbling 
up  strongly  on  the  surface,  some  feet  in  circumference. 

At  Ha-ngan  we  landed,  and  contrary  to  what  we  expected  from  otir 
recent  favourable  reception  lower  down  the  river,  the  demeanour  of  the 


EXPLORATION  IN  SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA.  1^ 

people  was  so  hostile  as  to  necessitato  a  retreat,  as  dignified  as  possible,. 
on  the  boat. 

Leaving  Ha-ngan  we  passed  through  alternate  reaches  of  andalating- 
caltiTated  country  and  gorges;  the  "pinnacled"  ranges  advancing 
gradually  to  the  water-edge ;  we  anchored  at  the  foot  of  one  of  these  for 
the  night.  These  ranges  are  all  limestone,  and  crystalline,  of  a  dark 
blue  colour  where  exposed  to  the  weather.  They  are  jagged  on  the 
svrfiice,  and  furrowed  by  the  rain  streams  which  water  their  sides.  The 
outlines  bristle  with  peaks.  The  strata  are  horizontal,  as  already 
mentioned.  Their  strange  jagged  appearance  has  no  doubt  been  caused 
by  water  which,  in  the  course  of  ages,  has  worn  down  the  level  masses^ 
of  rock  gradually  until  they  have  assumed  their  present  form. 

The  geological  formations  along  this  river  could  be  easily  studied  hy 
a  geologist  ascending  it  in  the  dry  season  as  we  did.  The  upper  strata 
are  limestone ;  beneath  that  lies  older  limestone ;  under  that  slate ;  and 
lowest  of  all,  granite. 

After  meeting  again  a  succession  of  gorges,  the  country  opened  out,, 
and  the  hills  retired  rapidly  on  either  side.  Here  we  passed  on  the 
south  bank  the  unwalled  town  of  Eo-hoa,  a  wretched  straggling  place, 
only  important  on  account  of  the  magistracy  which  has  its  seat  there. 

In  the  evening  we  anchored  a  little  above  Shung-lam-hu,  a  market 
town  on  the  north  bank  with  a  somewhat  prosperous  air.  Above  thi» 
the  character  of  the  country  next  the  river  completely  and  suddenly 
altered.  As  if  by  magic,  the  jagged  black  rocky  gorges  and  pinnacled 
ranges  vanished,  and  gave  place  to  a  scene  of  cultivated  beauty. 

On  the  river  banks,  every  now  and  then,  we  noticed  brick  pillars 
which  are  called  10  li  stones  (one  li  being  equal  to  one-third  of  an 
English  mile,  the  unit  of  Chinese  geographical  measurement).  They 
are  very  irregularly  placed,  the  difficulty  or  otherwise  of  traversing  a  li 
being  allowed  to  count  in  estimating  the  actual  distance  between  stone 
and  stone  when  placing  them. 

After  passing  several  unimportant  villages,  and  the  small  market 
town  of  Lum-fong-hu,  on  the  south  bank,  we  anchored  for  the  night 
some  eight  miles  beyond  at  Fing-ma.  The  town  is  built  along  a  sweep- 
ing curve  of  the  river,  on  a  high,  steep  clay  bank,  on  the  north  side.  It 
is  situated  in  an  amphitheatre  of  hills,  the  whole  plain  being  closely 
cultivated  to  the  water-edge.  The  shore  opposite  shelves  gently  and  is 
thickly  wooded. 

The  country  above  Ping-ma  remained  the  same  in  character,  only 
more  open,  with  lower  banks;  and  the  river  greatly  broader,  often  a 
quarter  of  a  mile  wide,  in  some  places  much  more. 

Nearly  parallel  to  the  river,  and  some  eight  or  ten  miles  ofif,  on  the 
right  bank,  runs  a  very  serrated  range  of  hills,  and  between  it  and  the 
river  again  are  rounded  knolls,  the  whole  coimtry  being  highly  cultivated, 
with  hamlets  and  farms  dotted  here  and  there. 


14  ESPmRATiON  IS  SO0THERS  AND  SOUTH-WESTERS  CHINA. 

Tho  river,  in  placee,  broadens  out,  with  sandy  shoaU  and  banks, 
forming  soriouB  obstacles  in  the  ohaniiel,  which  at  these  places  becomes 
very  shaUow,  often  ae  little  as  three  feet.  We  anchored  late,  two  miles 
above  Na-pan,  a  village  situated  on  the  southern  bank.  Opposite  it  is 
Pak-j-uk,  "  Hundred  peak  village,"  so  called  from  the  pinnacled  range 
facing  it  on  the  other  side. 

Passing  through  a  highly  cultivated  ]ilain  of  sandy  soil  on  a  snb- 
8tratum  of  olaj",  we  came  to  Tien-chau,  a  large  town  of  the  third  order, 
lying  off  the  river  about  a  mile,  on  a  stream  called  the  Ssu-ho,  which 
debouches  on  the  north  lank ;  and  some  three  miles  further  arrived  at 
Fnng-i-chau,  some  short  distance  from  Tien, 

A  largo  island,  reaching  to  Fung-i,  is  formed  by  a  branch  of  the 
Ssij-ho,  which  joins  the  main  river  again  jitst  below  Fuug-i  on  the  north 
side;  while  on  the  south  the  high  serrated  range,  ■with  low  rolling  hills 
in  front,  closes  in  on  the  river. 

The  stream  soon  after  turns  away  in  a  northerly  direction,  and  after 
a  bend,  returns  to  the  range  some  five  miles  farther  on  at  the  Nga-paw 
rapid,  and  mthin  a  few  hundred  yards  of  the  village  bearing  the  same 

In  the  apes  of  the  bifurcation  of  the  river  below  Fung-i,  and  facing 
a  hamlet  which  is  a  suburb  of  the  town  on  the  opposite  side  of  this 
stream,  stands  a  fine  group  of  joss-houses  or  temples,  presenting  no 
remarkable  points  except  the  extent  of  ground  which  they  cover,  which 
is  greater  than  most  wo  had  noticed  on  our  way  up  the  West  river. 

Prom  time  to  time  we  had  seen  a  certain  number  of  streams  which 
debauch  into  the  river  bridged  by  substantial  stonework.  Fung-i  is 
not  an  interesting  place,  the  ouly  thing  remarkable  besides  the  pawn- 
shop being  the  gaudy  red  Confucian  temple. 

A  short  distance  beyond  the  town  we  came  upon  some  half-a-dozen 
grass  cabins  or  buts  along  the  slope  of  the  bank,  the  residences  of 
Chang-koo  fisher-people,  who  settle  here  at  certain  seasons  of  the 
year. 

Close  on  half-past  seven  in  the  evening  we  reached  a  banilet,  five 
miles  beyond  Nga-paw,  which  lies  close  beyond  the  furious  rapids  of 
the  same  name.  This  village  is  romantically  situated  at  the  foot  of 
wild  and  angry-looking  peaked  crags,  the  hills  forming  a  buttress  which 
turns  the  river  with  force  to  tear  its  way  over  the  rapids  below. 

Before  leaving  Nga-paw,  tho  lust  place  on  the  West  river  which  has 
any  communication  overland  with  the  various  ports  along  thu  Tonquin 
Onlf,  a  few  words  may  bo  said  regarding  trade  routes  in  these  regions. 

Between  the  West  river  and  Pak-hoi  there  may  be  said  to  exist  onlv 
oM  trade  route,  ti  land  journey  of  five  days.  Tho  route  diverges  close  to 
the  river  to  two  places,  from  either  of  which  it  takes  four  or  five  days 
by  Itoat  to  Nau-ning-fu. 

From  Haiphong  and  Hanoi,  ports  situated  on  tho  Tonquin  Qulf, 


EXPLORATION  IN  SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA.  16 

Annamese  traders  find  their  way  to  Tai-ping-fu  and  other  cities  in  the 
south-west  of  Ewang-si. 

Regarding  the  Bed  river  route,  from  the  Tonquin  coast  to  the 
extreme  south-east  comer  of  Tiinnan,  the  upper  part  of  the  river  is  in 
a  disturbed  lawless  state  which  is  fatal  to  trade. 

About  Nga-paw  the  country  still  remains  cultivated  on  either  side  of 
the  stream,  but  thickly  interspersed  with  knolls  which  approach  the 
river  more  closely.  The  high  serrated  range  noticed  before  again 
recedes  from  the  bank,  while  a  small  range  approaches  the  river  on  the 
north  side  for  a  short  space  and  then  again  retires. 

In  several  places  we  saw  small  cave-dwellings  in  the  side  of  soft 
reddish  coloured  sandstone  formation.  There  were  no  signs  of  per- 
manent habitation. 

It  is  interesting  to  note  that  we  have  traversed  the  **  Two  Kwangs  " 
— ^Kwang-tung  and  Ewang-si — ^which  Marco  Polo  described  as  the 
kingdom  of  Manzi,  in  contradistinction  to  Cathay  Proper.  The  term 
Manzi  still  survives  in  the  contemptuous  epithet  Man-tzii  occasionally 
employed  by  Northern  Chinese  when  speaking  of  the  Chinese  of  this  part. 

Above  the  spot  reached  by  us  in  the  evening  for  the  most  part  low 
hills  lie  close  to  the  river.  Between  these  and  the  bank  are  blufb  and 
knolls  of  soft  red  sandstone  overlying  white  sandstone. 

The  country  had  now  assumed  a  more  bare  and  barren  look,  relieved 
here  and  there  by  a  stretch  of  level  plain,  highly  cultivated.  Close  to 
the  village  of  Pak-quat,  which  stands  opposite  a  large  sandy  island  of 
the  same  name,  which  is  cultivated,  the  channel  narrows  on  one  side  of 
the  island  to  100  feet.  On  the  other  side  there  is  a  passage  some 
600  feet  broad,  but  too  shallow  for  boats  of  our  draught.  Pak-quat 
stands  on  a  high  sandy  (south)  bank,  at  the  bottom  of  a  low  range  of 
hills  on  a  sharp  bend  in  the  river.  A  couple  of  tall  cotton-wood  trees 
stand  bare  and  rugged,  like  huge  bamboo  poles,  in  front  of  the  village. 

Some  five  miles  above  this  Nga-wan  was  passed  on  the  south  bank ; 
it  is  a  hamlet  of  no  consequence.  Soon  after  we  came  to  an  old  fort, 
standing  on  a  small  blufif  on  the  south  bank.  This  fort  was  constructed 
and  held  by  the  Taipings.  Its  walls  are  of  mud,  having  four  large 
gateways  and  a  turret  at  the  comers  which  lie  next  the  river. 

A  mile  further  the  Pon-tslin  rapid  was  passed.  It  is  a  very  fierce 
one,  with  the  water  running  like  a  mill-stream,  and  lies  just  below  a 
village  of  the  same  name. 

The  tracking  and  poling  throughout  the  day  was  very  severe ;  the 
men  could  hardly  get  over  the  Pon-tsUn  rapid. 

From  the  bend  of  the  river  below,  Pe-sd  came  in  sight.  It  lies  on 
the  apex  formed  by  two  branches  of  the  West  river,  one  running  north, 
still  in  Kwang-si,  and  one  west,  which  enters  TUnnan  for  a  short 
distance.  The  town  is  a  (ing^  or  town  of  the  second  order,  and  is  xinder 
the  orders  of  a  sub-prefect. 


IG 


EXPLORATIOS  IX  SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTaRN  CHINA. 


We  stopped  at  Pe-sS  and  prceented  our  letters  of  introduction  to  tii» 
eub-prefect,  by  "whoiu  and  other  ofGcinls  of  the  plaoe  we  were  most 
kindly  received. 

The  nnfortunate,  although  not  quite  uuforeeeen,  desertion  of  Mr. 
Hong  Beng  Kaw  at  this  [wint  was  a  very  serious  blow  to  iny  hopes  of 
the  expedition,  and  necessitated  a  change  of  plan,  The  other  servants 
were  in  a  state  of  scarcely  disguised  mutiny,  and  it  was  only  by  putting 
a  bold  front  on  matters,  declaring  ray  intention  to  proceed  even  without 
them,  that  I  bold  my  party  together.  Having  induced  my  Cantonese- 
interpreter,  and  with  him  the  underlings,  to  follow  me,  as  they  said, 
"  anywhere,"  I  bad  no  resource  left  but  to  push  on  toH-anls  Yiiunan-fu, 
There  wo  hoped  to  get  assistance  of  some  sort  to  enable  us  to  get  south 
to  our  old  projected  route,  and  down  to  Maulmain  through  the  Laos 
country.  Wo  hoped  it  might  not  prove  necessary  for  ua  lo  make  our 
way  by  8hunning-fu  or  Tali-fn  to  Bhumo,  or  anywhere  in  that 
neighbourhood,  on  the  north-enatern  Burma  frontier. 

The  14th  of  March  we  spent  in  preparation  for  our  march,  dihtri- 
buting  and  receiving  parting  presents  amongst  and  from  the  officials. 
In  the  evening  our  two  small  boats  were  alongside  tlio  ho-tau,  and  we 
had  everything  roiidy  to  start  next  morning.  From  this  point  we  liad 
to  discharge  our  ho-tau  and  proceed  by  boats  of  a  smaller  draught  to 
the  highest  navigable  point  on.  the  river  fur  boats  of  any  reasonable 
size. 

Before  bidding  adieu  to  Pe-sS  a  few  words  on  the  West  river  may  be 
useful.     The  striking  points  met  with  wore : — 

1.  The  small  areas  of  uultivable  land,  compared  with  the  immense 
area  of  hilly  countrj'.  It  is  po»nblc  that  there  may  be  fertile  plains  or 
table-lands,  once  cultivated,  farther  from  the  river,  and  that  the  horrible 
deBtmction  of  the  population  during  the  robolliou  is  the  main  cause  of 
the  deserted  appearance  of  the  country. 

2.  Tbe  small  amount  of  population  to  the  area  of  the  country.  Even 
the  whole  of  the  cultivable  land,  comparatively  small  as  it  is,  is  not 
taken  up. 

3.  The  mined  cities  along  the  river,  so  often  alluded  to,  wluoh  all 
more  or  less  show  signs  of  past  prosperity  and  former  grandeur.  Tbe 
effect  of  the  Taiping  and  Yiinnan  insurrectionB,  disastrous  as  their 
influence  was  in  so  many  ways,  has  been  found  not  to  be  tho  sole  reason 
of  the  decay  of  the  cities  on  this  grand  waterway.  Tho  cause  seems  to 
have  been  tho  diversion  of  the  carrying  trade  between  Yiinnan  and 
Canton  to  the  route  by  tho  Yang-tze  river, 

4.  From  the  above,  by  doduation,  the  inference  seems  probable  that 
Yiinnan  must  have  bad  great  wealth  and  ri 
such  a  prosperouB  carrying  trade. 

5.  Tbe  navigation  on  tbe  West  river  i 
T^ant  cost,  be  vastly  improved. 


s  to  create  and  support 
night  easily,  and  at  no  extra- 


EXPLORATION  IN  SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA.  17 

II.  PE-Sfi  TO  SSU-MAO. 

On  the  15th  of  March  we  left  Pe-se,  after  five  (lays'  delay  there, 
longer  than  we  had  anticipated. 

The  first  part  of  the  day  we  passed  through  a  flat  country,  highly 
cultivated,  with  villages  and  hamlets  occurring  frequently.  Only 
rounded  knolls  were  visible  near  the  river,  but  hills  and  mountains 
were  seen  far  ahead.  The  river  had  a  gravel-and-shingle  bed  and  sand- 
banks ;  the  sides,  however,  were  steep,  and  about  midday  became  rocky. 
£arly  in  the  afternoon  we  entered  a  rocky  gorge,  the  hills  running 
abruptly  into  the  water.  After  this  cultivation  almost  ceased.  Later 
in  the  afternoon  the  river-b&d  became  rocky,  and  numerous  rapids 
appeared,  the  rise  becoming  considerable.  The  average  width  of  the 
stream  v^as  100  to  150  yards.  At  about  four  o'clock  the  hills  became 
more  steep  and  approached  closer,  and  cultivation  ceased,  bamboo  groves 
taking  its  place. 

We  started  next  morning  in  a  driving  mist,  which  made  it  a  difficult 
matter  to  see  the  banks  of  the  river.  Early  in  the  morning  we  passed 
an  overhanging  bluff,  rising  some  400  feet  above  the  water  on  the  north 
bank ;  and  some  five  miles  further  another,  500  feet  high.  They  were 
magnificent  bluffs  formed  by  the  river  cutting  through  the  hill. 

Close  above  Tung-tsiin,  which  we  passed  early,  on  the  north  bank, 
the  first  of  a  series  of  rapids  much  worse  than  those  we  passed  below 
Pe-se,  was  encountered.  These  rapids  now  became  so  frequent  that 
they  may  be  said  to  occur  at  each  reach  in  the  river.  Between  this  and 
Pa-oi,  the  point  where  our  march  was  to  commence  and  where  transport 
was  obtainable,  we  passed  some  fifty  bad  ones  at  least,  without  counting 
the  smaller.  Their  character  may  be  best  realised  by  the  fact  that  we 
have  ascended  on  the  river  roughly  about  500  feet  since  leaving  Pe-s^, 
a  distance  of  not  much  more  than  30  miles ;  whereas  from  the  seven 
hundred  miles  up  to  Pe-s^  we  only  registered  a  rise  of  exactly  the  same 
amount. 

In  the  afternoon  we  passed  the  village  of  Ho-hau,  where  a  small 
joss-house  stands  under  the  shade  of  two  large  trees  on  the  north  bank, 
just  opposite  a  bad  rapid  of  four  feet  fall*  Soon  after  struggling  up  a 
three-  and  six-foot  rapid  we  came  to  and  surmounted  the  worst  one  on 
the  river  up  to  Pa-oi.  Here  there  is  a  sharp  bend  in  the  river ;  on  the 
south  side  is  a  wall  of  rock,  and  on  the  other  a  boulder  shoal. 

The  water  tears  down  this  rapid,  which  has  aboiit  eight  feet  fall, 
with  a  force  and  violence  which  we  had  not  before  witnessed.  Boats 
cannot  ascend  the  natural  channel.  A  cut  has  therefore  been  made  by 
excavating  a  channel  through  the  boulders,  up  which  tlie  boats  are 
dragged. 

In  the  evening  we  anchored  close  to  a  small  hamlet.  Next  morning 
we  passed  a  succession  of  rapids.     The  river,  since  leaving  Pe*sc,  had  an 

VOL.  n.  c 


18 


LSl'LORATION  IX  SOUTHERN  AKD  SO0TH-WESTER^f  CHIXA. 


average  width  of  150  yarJe,  sometimea  contracting  to  100,  and  broadening 
oat  to  a  quarter  of  a  mile. 

We  roaclicd  Pa-oi,  after  passing  Boyeral  villages,  at  ten  o'clock.  The 
place  lies  en  tho  Bouth  bank  of  the  river,  perched  up  on  high  etonc 
foundatiouB  or  wooden  piles,  to  protect  it  against  the  fierce  floods.  Here 
our  land  jouruoy  commonced. 

Whilst  waiting  for  transport  we  took  up  our  quarters  in  a  joss-houBe, 
on  the  south  aide  of  the  town,  having  arranged  to  start  early  next 
day. 

In  tho  morning,  after  some  diffioulty  with  the  foolies,  we  started  on 
our  land  journey.  As  we  ascended  the  tortuous  hill-roadway  which 
skirts  one  branch  of  the  West  river,  now  a  mere  hill-streani,  our  caravan, 
consisting  of  six  baggage  ponies,  some  dozen  coolies,  the  cook  and  boy 
on  ponies,  the  interpreter  in  a  chair,  our  oivn  two  chairs,  and  then  our- 
selvea  on  foot,  presented  a  most  imposing  appearance,  not  without  its 
grotesque  side. 

After  Bkirting  the  stream  for  some  time  we  crossed  it  some  four  miles 
from  Pa-oi,  and  soon  after  reached  the  first  halting  place.  The  road 
from  here  to  the  end  of  the  day  continued  ascending  and  descending  in 
a  most  provoking  manner.  We  observed  email  valleys  lying  on  one  or 
the  other  side  of  the  road,  here  and  there  small  patches  of  cultivation, 
and  hamlets  of  the  poorest  description.  The  road  was  tolerably  welt 
aligned,  but  in  execrable  order. 

Our  first  day's  march,  a  distance  of  24  miles  under  a  blazing  sun. 
consisted  of  walking  over  blocks  of  stone  worn  round,  variegated  with 
enormous  ruts. 

After  a  weary  march  we  halted  for  a  few  minutes  at  four  o'clock,  and 
then  crawled  on  ontil  we  reached  oiir  destination,  Chay-eong,  at  abont 
half-past  BIX.  Chay-song  is  a  small  village,  with  only  a  petty  ofliaial  in 
charge. 

We  stayed  all  tho  19th  of  March  heiB  to  recruit  our  energies,  not 
yet  quite  up  to  full  marching  order  after  the  long  boat  journey. 

The  next  morning  the  coolios  gave  us  some  trouble  before  starting, 
but  finally  we  got  away  once  more.  Our  next  march  was  much  cooler 
,  than  the  one  from  Fa-oi.  We  noticed  the  teak  tree  for  the  first  time 
to^y. 

For  the  first  portion  of  the  day  wo  kept  skirting  the  left  bank  of  tht- 
stream,  then  crossed  and  recrossoil  it,  and  finally  proceeded  ii]>  the  dry 
bed,  until  about  nine  miles  from  Chay-song  we  came  to  the  apex  of  the 
valley.  A  few  miles  farther,  at  the  hejwl  of  a  long  valley,  we  reached 
an  excocdiugly  steep  gorge.  From  this  point  a  magnificent  view  of  the 
valley,  some  10  miles  long,  was  obtained,  and  Kwei-chau,  a  town  of  Bome 
size  and  importance,  was  seen  in  the  distanfe. 

During  the  descent,  whilst  winding  down  the  hillside,  a  "black 
country  "  was  entered,  whose  wildness  and  barrenness  wore  remarkable. 


EXPLORATION  IN  SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA. 

The  hill-sides  from  top  to  bottom  were  blazed  by  fire,  and  this  gave  it 
the  jet-black  appearance  which  made  it  so  desolate  looking. 

Two  miles  above  Ewei-chan,  the  stream  which  we  had  been  skirting 
is  crossed  close  to  its  junction  with  the  main  stream,  on  which  the  town 
is  situated.  Turning  a  spur  of  the  hill,  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  valley 
to  the  one  we  had  been  descending,  we  came  upon  a  cultivated  valley, 
about  a  mile  in  width,  of  great  beauty,  with  a  lovely  rocky  stream 
winding  through  it.  Crossing  the  stream,  the  town  was  reached  by  us, 
after  passing  over  a  fragile  and  rickety  bamboo  bridge,  on  stone-weighted 
gabions. 

The  town  lies  most  picturesquely  situated,  built  tier  upon  tier  up 
the  side  of  a  lofty  and  precipitous  mountain.  It  is  approached  from  the 
river  by  means  of  a  succession  of  fine  stone  steps  and  archways. 

We  met  a  caravan  of  salt-traders  going  to  Fu-chau,  a  place  some  two 
days  beyond  Ewei-chau.  They  belonged  to  Ewang-nan-fu,  a  place  six 
days  fiirther  on  our  route,  and  expressed  their  willingness  to  accompany 
us  to  Pu-erh,  or  anywhere.  After  the  customary  trial  of  strength  as  to 
which  side  was  to  make  the  best  terms  for  itself,  I  bound  them  down  to 
carry  our  things  as  far  as  Lin-an-fu,  which  lies  in  the  centre  of  the 
southern  portion  of  Yunnan,  a  distance  of  sixteen  long  day  stages.  The 
route  was  to  take  us  through  Ewang-nan,  which  is  some  six  days  from 
Ewei-chau,  and  thence  ten  days  to  Lin-an-fu*  The  rate  was  the  usual 
one,  equivalent  to  about  half-ardollar  a  day  for  each  horse ;  payment  to 
be  made  in  stamped  syceo  silver,  which  luckily  I  had  brought.  This 
was  the  best  bargain  I  could  make,  and  although  the  number  of  animals 
was  slightly  in  excess  of  our  wants,  it  wa«  hire  the  whole  caravan  or 
nothing. 

A  few  villages  and  hamlets  are  scattered  about  the  vicinity  of  Ewei- 
chau.  The  stream  on  which  it  stands  is  a  most  beautiful  one.  As  we 
looked  down  on  it  we  could  see  numberless  windings,  the  shingle  shoals 
and  the  rocks  forming  tiny  rapids  here  and  there,  while  the  stream  con- 
tracted at  times  and  flowed  through  rooky  gorges. 

We  got  away  at  ten  o'clock,  later  than  we  expected.  Our  march  led 
us  across  the  river  to  our  old  road,  which  we  followed  upwards  on  the 
north  side  for  a  mile  and  a  half.  We  then  entered  a  valley,  skirting 
a  northern  branch  of  the  main  stream,  which  has  a  general  south-west 
bearing.  This  stream  is  about  forty  yards  wide,  and  corresponds  in 
every  particidar  with  the  one  we  had  just  left.  The  road  skirts  it  the 
whole  way,  winding  in  and  out  along  the  hill-sides,  which  are  here 
covered  by  small,  but  good,  fir-trees.  A  few  large  stout  ones  were  also 
passed. 

Lofty  mountain  ranges  rise  at  the  back  of  those  close  by  the  stream, 
seemingly  about  1000  to  2000  feet  above  our  level,  which  was  from 
2500  to  3000  feet  above  that  of  the  sea. 

After  passing  a  number  of  unimportant  hamlets,  the  only  one  worthy 

c  2 


20  tXl'LOUATION  I.V  SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA. 

of  mention  being  Sam-t'iug,  on  tte  soutk  bank,  we  reached  Sau-t'ing  in 
the  evening,  about  five  o'clock.  Hero  wo  made  our  first  acquaintance 
with  a  mo-iien  or  "  horae-inn,"  not  vory  clean,  uor  very  comfortable. 

On  tte  22nd  of  Marcb  we  loft  Sau-t'ing  early  and  reached  Fu-chau. 
After  following  the  valley  for  aorao  distance,  we  passed  through  the 
same  aort  of  country  and  hamlets  aa  hitherto.  At  midday,  a  heavy  mist 
and  rain  compelled  ua  to  cut  short  our  march.  Thia  place  ia  known  by 
three  names,  being  generally  called  F«-cLau  or  Fu-t'ing.  It  sometimea 
is  alao  called  Fu-fu,  as  on  European  maps.  It  is  a  wretched  little  place, 
with  no  trade  or  importance  of  any  sort.  The  town,  oontaiuiug  some 
two  hundred  houses,  lies  straggling  along  the  sti'eam,  which  is  called 
by  various  namea  locally.  It  runs  east,  past  Kwei-chau,  into  the  upper 
southern  branch  of  the  West  river  at  Fa-oi.  Tho  ojily  things  note- 
worthy were  the  abaenco  of  pawnahopa,  a  broken-down  bridge,  and  the 
Canton  guild-house,  which  we  inhabited,  standing  in  a  good  position  on 
the  h ill-side  at  the  back  of  the  town. 

Kext  morning  was  wet  and  miserable.  We  started  early  for  what 
vras  called  an  "  eighty  U  "  mai'ch,  which  was  to  take  us  eleven  hours. 
The  road  after  twenty-four  houro'  rain  was  sonietliing  terrible,  and  we 
had  at  first  to  march  in  hi:uvy  driving  mist,  which  towards  midday 
changed  to  rain.     In  ono  place  the  mist  was  so  dense  I  had  to  stop. 

In  the  afternoon  we  came  upon  caves,  four  in  number,  lying  some 
few  hundred  yards  off  the  road  to  the  aoutli.  The  largest,  aome  sixty 
feet  high,  was  seemingly  of  considerable  dejith.  It  had  two  portals  or 
archways  over  the  maaonry  approach,  and  tbc  front  had  a  face-wall  of 
rough  nibble  stone,  tuilt  np  aeonrely,  and  stepa  led  up  to  it  from  the 
stream,  over  which  there  waa  a  amall  granite  culvert.  The  caves  are 
formed  of  natural  limestone.  Soon  after  thia  we  came  upon  beautiful 
cascades,  five  in  number,  aomo  hundred  feet  in  height  altogether, 
tumbling  one  into  the  other. 

In  the  afternoon  I  halted  in  a  wretched  village,  in  a  miaorable  house, 
having  loat  all  signs  of  my  companion,  and  tho  rest  of  the  caravan.  In 
the  end  all  came  well,  and  wo  passed  a  damp,  though  tolerably  com- 
fortable night. 

The  weather  deared,  and  we  got  away  next  morning  for  another 
long  march,  with  some  arduous  mountaineering.  During  tho  day  we 
came  npon  a  market  lieing  held  at  a  village  named  Si-yang,  where  there 
is  one  every  five  days. 

Late  in  the  evening  we  reached  the  village  of  Yang-liu-tain  footsore 
and  worn  out.  It  waa  hero  that  my  companion  first  had  a  touch  of 
dysentery,  which  however  yielded  to  such  treatment  as  we  were  al'le  to 
■apply. 

The  next  day  we  skirted  valleys  as  usual,  through  fir  and  cypress 
clad  hills  and  beautiful  green-coloured  foliage  of  small  growth.  Tho 
air  at  this  height  (5000  feet)    was  delicious,  and  the   scent  of  the 


A 


EXPLORATION  IN  SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA.  21 

pines  was  very  refreshing.  After  passing  two  unimportant  hamlets, 
we  reached  Fo-oho,  which  is  only  remarkable  for  a  stone  bridge  with 
steps  on  both  sides. 

After  a  march,  the  shortness  of  which  was  very  welcome  after  tho 
toil  of  the  previous  day,  we  halted  at  Pau-yii-kwan,  a  small  mountain 
village,  situated  in  a  hollow  in  the  hills,  where  airy  quarters,  and  cold 
damp  weather  caused  us  to  spend  a  comfortless  night. 

On  the  26th  of  March,  a  short  stage  along  broken  hilly  country 
about  4500  feet  above  the  sea,  brought  us  to  Ewang-nan-fu,  a  prefectural 
dty  and  the  end  of  our  opening  march  of  nine  days.  This  is  reported 
to  be  the  worst  bit  of  road  in  Yunnan,  and  it  was  satisfactory  to  have 
conqnered  such  an  enemy. 

The  country  now  was  tho  real  plateau  of  Yunnan,  with  a  mass  of 
hills  cropping  out  500  to  1000  feet  above  the  plain.  This  part  may 
truly  be  ^called  what  I  have  seen  the  whole  of  Yunnan  termed,  "  an 
uneven  tableland." 

The  hills  look  as  if  they  were  volcanic  in  their  origin,  being  com- 
posed of  black,  broken,  jagged  masses,  terribly  sterile.  They  are,  I 
believe,  limestone  ranges,  worn  by  the  rains  into  their  present  bare 
appearance.  Bed  clay  washed  down  from  tho  exposed  portions  has  been 
deposited  in  the  hollows.  Littlo  cultivation  is  visible  on  the  high 
lands,  and  the  country  is  very  poor. 

Kwang-nan  is  seen  as  a  turn  is  taken  in  the  hills  about  two  miles 
from  the  city.  From  some  few  hundred  feet  above  it  the  town  looks  a 
large  straggling  series  of  villages  rather  than  a  city.  When  you  enter, 
however,  it  seems  larger.  It  is  enclosed  by  walls,  and  lies  in  a  basin 
some  five  miles  in  diameter  encircled  by  an  amphitheatre  of  hills. 

We  found  that  by  great  good  luck  we  were  able  to  make  our  way  to 
Lin-an  or  thereabouts,  by  Kai-hua  and  Men-tzu,  which  both  lay  on  our 
originally  projected  route ;  so  that  we  were  after  all  able  to  take  up 
our  intended  line,  having  made  a  most  interesting  detour  to  Kwang-nan. 

The  diversion  from  our  route  enabled  us  to  travel  through  a  part  of 
Tuiman  never  before  set  foot  on  by  any  European,  and  was  therefore 
rather  a  matter  for  congratulation  than  regret. 

The  direct  road  from  Kuoi-chau  to  Kai-hua  was  said  to  be  merely  a 
track  travelled  by  the  P^n-ti-jen,  or  "  people  of  the  country,"  and  to 
take  nearly  as  long  as  the  road  vi&  Kwang-nan,  which  is  almost  double 
the  length  on  the  maps.  From  here  to  Men-tzu  is  nine  days'  journey, 
in  average  stages  of  20  miles. 

On  the  27th  of  March,  after  the  usual  delay,  we  got  away  from 
Kwang-nan  at  about  ten  o'clock,  and  commenced  our  march  over  a  bad 
road,  consisting  of  the  usual  mixture  of  boulders  and  clay  mud,  rendered 
almost  impassable  by  the  heavy  rain  we  experienced. 

As  we  left  the  city  we  passed  several  joss-houses  in  the  outlying 
suburbs,  and  looking  over  the  plain,  encircled  by  the  amphitheatre  of 


22  EXPLORATION  IX  SOUTHERN  AND  SODTH-WtSTERN  CHISA. 

hills  iu  wliich  Kwang-oau  lies,  eaw  unmerous  village))  dotted  all  Tound. 
The  large  basin  is  covered  with  bare  mounds  oi'  knolla,  the  hitervening 
spaces  being  not  altogether  cultivated,  and  the  country  generally  ap- 
pearing to  be  rather  sterile.  There  is  no  sign  of  any  large  stream, 
though  water  does  not  appear  to  be  scarce.  The  soil  is  mostly  a  reddish 
clay  and  very  poor. 

A  mile  and  a  half  from  the  city  we  crossed  a  stOHo  bridge,  and  then 
entered  a  valley  zigzagging  alongside  the  stream.  The  hills  were  high 
and  bare,  and  we  noticed  in  the  roadside  slates  and  grits  cropping  out, 
but  the  rooks  are  mostly  limestone. 

At  midday  we  passed  a  haudsome  carved  gravestone  set  up  on  the 
roadside,  and  immediately  aftor  a  three-arched  bridge.  Crossing  a. 
ridge  and  entering  another  valley,  the  village  of  Ka-ling,  a  place  of 
some  fortj'  houses  lying  on  the  stream-side,  was  reached  in  the  afternoon. 
Here  we  lodged  in  the  headman's  house,  who  afforded  us  a  kindly 
welcome  to  bis  riokoty  abode. 

The  nest  day  we  passed  over  a  road  of  the  same  character.  There 
appeared  to  be  a  little  more  population  and  agriculture,  though  both 
were  still  poor.  The  limestune  hills  now  changed  to  conglomerate. 
The  hill-sides  were  thinly  clad  with  pines  of  a  very  poor  quality. 

An  honorary  portal  of  carved  limestone  stands  over  the  roadway  at 
a  plaoe  wo  passed  early  in  the  day.  Numerous  gravestonoG,  some  of 
them  of  the  usual  shape,  others  mere  heaps  of  boulders,  marked  the 
resting-place  of  those  who  had  gone  to  "  wander  amongst  the  genii." 

Just  before  we  halted  for  the  day  at  the  village  of  Hung-sbe-nai  we 
l>aBBed  a  precipitous  rook  some  SOO  feet  high,  jutting  over  the  stream, 
into  which  pour  some  fine  waterfalls. 

The  following  day  we  passed  a  snecession  of  little  valleys,  and  crossed 
from  one  to  the  other  by  small  saddles  in  the  hills.  A  number  of 
villages,  all  very  poor,  and  a  considerable  quantity  of  cultivation, 
principally  poppy,  were  met  with. 

The  hill-sides,  bare  as  usual,  were  seemingly  strewn  with  hugo 
bonlders  scattered  here  and  there,  but  in  reality  they  were  the  outcrop 
of  the  hill>rocks.  During  tlia  day  the  conglomerate  ceased  and  Ume- 
stooe  again  appeared. 

We  halted  at  Achi-to,  a  well-paved  village  of  some  two  hundred 
honses,  which  wero  better  than  any  we  had  mot  with  since  leaving 
Kwang-nan, 

On  the  30th  of  Starch  our  road  lay  throiigh  a  Country  that  had  the 
appearance  of  a  plateau,  somewhat  irregular  in  appearance  throughout, 
and  pierced,  as  it  were,  by  numerous  knolls,  hills,  and  ridges,  which  rise 
out  of  the  ground  in  a  most  irregular  way.  The  hills  are  of  limestone, 
very  conical  and  steep,  but  none  moio  than  500  feet  in  height. 

Occasionally  the  load,  after  a  stretch  of  undulating  level  country, 
passed  tlirough  a  gorge  between  the  hills,  and  onoe  or  twice  over  a  high 


I— L 


EXPLORATION  IN  SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA.  23 

sptur.  The  hills  were  covered  with  pine  and  Bhrubs,  none  of  any  size. 
The  cultivation  of  the  valleys  was  meagre,  and  the  population  sparse 
and  poor. 

At  midday  we  halted  at  Tu-po-nee,  a  market  village  of  twenty-five 
honses,  built  on  either  side  of  one  street. 

On  the  next  day  we  had  a  trying  march  of  20  miles  to  Chang-na-hsion, 
a  magistracy  town.  Immediately  on  leaving  Achi  we  made  a  sudden 
ascent,  and  had  a  magnificent  view,  a  perfect  sea  of  hills  all  round,  with 
a  few  high  ones,  away  to  the  north  and  east,  towering  above. 

During  the  morning  we  passed  several  Long-jen  hamlets,  and  soon 
after  midday  skirted  a  lake  of  clear  water,  some  1500  feet  in  diameter, 
and  nearly  round,  hid  in  the  hollow  of  bare  hills. 

There  is  a  gorge  at  either  end  of  the  lake.  The  hills  here,  and  for 
some  days  afterwards,  were  bare,  barren,  and  rocky. 

After  the  lake  we  entered  a  large  extent  of  bare  moorland,  with  no 
villages  except  one  by  name  Po-pyan,  inhabited  by  Long-jens.  Near 
the  village  was  a  large  reservoir  or  tank  on  sloping  ground,  boxmded  in 
by  earthen  dams  which  were  faced  by  stone. 

Some  four  nules  before  reaching  Po-pyan,  a  curious  tunnelled  cavern, 
some  200  feet  long  and  15  feet  square,  was  mot  in  a  sharp  peaked  lime- 
stone hill,  standing  isolated  in  the  plain. 

About  three  miles  before  Chang-na-hsien,  the  village  of  Chang-na-gai 
was  passed,  with  a  fine  stone  causeway  enclosing  tanks  and  a  small  stone 
culvert. 

Close  by  Ghang-na-hsien,  a  small  stream,  called  the  Papien-ho,  runs 
some  hundred  miles  north,  joining  the  northern  branch  of  the  West 
river.  On  our  way  from  the  place  we  noticed  the  red  soil  deeply  fur- 
rowed by  the  rains,  in  some  places  to  the  depth  of  30  feet,  the  whole 
country  near  Chang-na-hsien  being  seamed  with  these  gullies. 

On  the  1st  of  April  we  left  the  moor  or  plateau  on  which  Chang-na- 
hsien  is  situated.  The  road  took  us  through  several  small  valleys  and 
hollows,  past  numerous  hamlets  and  small  patches  of  cultivation. 

A  large  valley  was  entered  about  four  miles  beyond  our  start,  and 
then  we  proceeded  to  the  right  and  penetrated  a  narrower  valley.  Some 
six  miles  of  small  valleys  were  skirted  in  all ;  then  about  two  o'clock, 
at  5900  feet  above  the  sea,  we  commenced  a  long  descent,  which  was 
steep  in  parts,  and  had  a  few  level  stretches.  In  the  afternoon  we 
passed  a  couple  of  ruined  villages,  in  one  of  which  we  saw  a  large  stone 
trough,  about  five  feet  long  by  two  feet  broad,  hewn  in  limestone,  and  a 
rained  fort  of  considerable  area  on  a  hill  about  half  a  mile  to  the 
left. 

Three  lakes  were  seen  during  the  afternoon — one  half  a  mile  long  by 
200  yards  broad,  and  one  about  one  mile  by  half  a  mile.  The  smallest 
was  of  insignificant  size.  None  had  any  apparent  outlet,  unless  a  stream 
issuing  from  the  rock  below  the  last  lake  is  a  subterranean  outlet. 


21 


FJI'LCinATION  IN  SOUTHERN  AND  SOLTH-WESTEIIK  CHINA. 


A  wonderful  panorama  met  the  eye  as  the  descent  to  Kui-hi 
made  by  our  road.  The  town  is  situated  in  a  huge  valley,  on  the  river 
Tsin-ho  (the  Eivii^re  Claire  of  the  French  niapa  of  Aunaio),  which  runB 
into  the  Hed  river  not  far  from  the  Gulf  of  Tonquin.  The  river  winds 
like  a  servient,  gliatening  in  the  evening  §un  through  the  valley,  which 
ia  beautifnllj-  cultivated.  The  river,  here  some  thirty  yards  wide,  opens 
out  at  times  into  i^mall  lakes  or  lagoons  witli  islands,  the  valley  smiling 
with  vegetation. 

Kai-hna  lies  on  the  south  bank,  on  a  large  bend,  enveloped  in  trees, 
of  which  there  is  a  considerable  number  scattered  throughout  the  city. 
On  the  south  side  of  the  valley  a  serrated  hill-range  runs  the  entire 
length,  backed  by  a  rounder  and  loftier  range,  seemingly  of  graniti'. 
The  valley  runs  south-east  and  north-west. 

After  a  somewhat  inqnisitivo  although  friendly  reception  at  Kai-hna 
WD  moved  westwards  again.  Soon  after  starting  the  road  leaves  the 
valley,  which  has  several  villages  dotted  about  it,  and  proceeding  along- 
side the  river,  hero  very  tortuous,  ascends  a  gorge  in  the  hUls  to  the 
left,  turning  a  liill  soon  afterwards,  and  running  north-west  over  bare 
red-soiled  rocky  ground. 

For  the  nest  five  miles  the  country  was  barren  and  desolate,  and 
only  here  and  there,  in  somo  low-lying  hollow,  could  a  patch  of  poppy 
or  rice  be  found.  A  few  straggling  wretched  pine-trees  appeared  on 
the  hill-sides. 

Hero  wo  met  the  subterranean  passage  named  the  Tieu-shong-oliiaoii 
It  is  under  a  rocky  roadway — a  ridge  between  the  hills — and  a  very 
nuTOw  gorge,  some  200  feet  high,  and  averaging  30  foot  broad,  takes 
the  river  to  the  south  past  Kai-hua.  No  sign  of  water  was  to  bo  seen 
anywlioio  just  above  the  passage.  The  rocks  have  limestone  cave- 
formations,  and  arc  precipitous.  A  few  hundred  yards  beyond,  a  village 
bearing  the  same  name  as  that  of  the  passage  was  passed. 

In  the  afternoon  wc  crossed  the  stream  by  a  fine  stone  bridge,  somo 
25  feet  span  and  40  foot  high,  with  a  double-roofed  building  over  it, 
having  the  usual  upturned  eaves. 

Immediately  aft«r  making  a  small  steep  ascent  wo  entered  an  undu- 
lating hiUyl  country  and  came  to  sevci-al  lakes  (or  ponds),  the  largest 
1500  by  500  feet.  Passing  the  stream  again  by  a  20-feot  span  bridge, 
and  crossing  the  valley,  we  gained  our  halting-place,  Matang. 

On  the  4th  of  April  our  short  march  was  over  bare  undulating  red 
soil,  a  hilly  countiy,  with  no  vegetation  to  speak  of,  the  whole  aspect 
being  most  desolate. 

After  a  halt  and  inspection  of  a  fair  at  Low-lung  we  journeyed  on 
the  5th  of  April  over  a  road  much  the  some  as  hitherto,  skirting  valleys 
of  \arying  length  and  breadth  and  crossing  the  ridges  between  them, 
ascent  and  descent  being  made  time  after  time.  There  was  little  vege- 
tation in  the  valleys  except  at  Nia-la-ehon  and  Mceiiju.     At  midday  w» 


J 


EXPLORATION  IN  SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA.  25 

entered  a  country  in  which  on  either  side  of  the  road  itself  towered 
lofty  hills  with  easy  slopes.  There  were  no  trees  at  this  height  (about 
7500  feet)  and  only  grass.  Grass-clad  hills  brought  us  to  Meenju,  after 
a  trying  march  of  25  miles. 

For  the  first  part  of  the  day  we  passed  through  undulating  ground, 
with  detached  hills  or  hummocks.  In  one  of  these,  shortly  after  leaving 
Matang,  we  noticed  a  tunnelled  cavern  pierced  through  the  hill  a  little 
below  its  summit.  Three  miles  further  on  we  came  to  several  Long-jea 
villages  situated  in  a  large  valley,  one  of  which,  named  Shau-zia,  is 
romantically  situated,  with  smiling  fields  in  front,  at  the  foot  of  a 
perpendicular  cliff. 

Six  miles  further  brought  us  to  Nia-la-chon;  a  small  ruined  fort 
stands  near  the  village,  on  a  small  bluff  above  the  stream. 

In  the  afternoon,  just  after  passing  some  Miao  and  Moozi  Poula 
hamlets,  wretchedly  poor  places,  with  houses  of  mud  and  rubble, 
situated  at  a  height  of  7500  feet,  with  hills  all  around  about  another 
1000  feet  in  height,  we  passed  through  the  last  part  of  the  prairie  and 
approached  Meenju  by  a  short  cut  winding  alongside  the  dry  bed  of  a 
stream. 

The  first  half  of  the  next  day  we  continued  skirting  the  usual 
valleys ;  afterwards  we  entered  a  bare  red-soil  country,  with  hills  but 
no  cultivation  or  villages.  Early  in  the  day  we  passed  a  number  of 
flat^roofed  villages ;  we  had  before  met  houses  with  flat  roofs,  but  none 
of  this  pattern.  Our  height  at  two  o'clock  was  7500  feet,  the  highest  of 
our  day's  march. 

A  sudden  descent  and  quite  as  sudden  a  rise  brought  us  to  the 
summit  of  the  easterly  ridge  bordering  the  Men-tzu  plain,  which  was 
barely  visible  through  a  thick  mist.  Zigzag  curves  took  us  down  into 
the  valley,  and  then  a  very  winding  road  over  a  causeway  made  the 
approach  to  the  town  amazingly  long. 

The  strata  seemed  to  be  limestone,  sandstone,  and  conglomerate,  and 
a  poor  kind  of  slate,  but  it  was  impossible  to  see  in  what  order  each 
occurred  in  situ.  A  number  of  deep  fissures  or  gullies  cut  out  by  the 
rains  in  the  red  soil  were  frequently  observed. 

Men-tzu  is  a  large  rambling  place,  not  so  fine  or  well-to-do  as  Kai- 
hua,  and  not  nearly  so  picturesque.  It  is  in  fact  uninteresting  except 
as  an  entrepdt  of  a  very  considerable  transit  trade  from  Manhao  and  the 
Shan  country  to  different  parts  of  thp  province. 

On  the  7th  of  April,  next  day,  we  commenced  our  march  by  going 
northwards  for  nearly  10  miles,  to  the  border  of  the  large  lake  which 
lies  at  the  north  end  of  the  plain.  On  leaving  the  town  through  the 
north  gate  we  passed  several  fine  stone  carved  portals  in  the  same 
damaged  state  to  which  they  were  reduced  a  dozen  years  ago. 

On  the  left-hand  side,  a  mile  and  a  half  from  the  town,  a  cemetery 
is  met  with,  close  by  which  a  stone  water-trough,  measuring  four  feet 


2G  tX!'i.ORATiON  IS  SOUTHEnS  AND  SOUTH- WtSTEKS  CHINA. 

liy  two  feet,  stands  under  a,  ti*ee  on  a  solid  block  of  stone.  This  ueefal 
institatian  ie  for  the  use  of  the  iiutuGroiia  paBsors-by. 

A  fine  paved  causeway  leads  from  the  town,  In  some  places  it  is 
badly  broken  up,  and  in  other  places  it  is  lost  altogether,  to  be  resumed 
further  on. 

A  couple  of  milcB  from  the  city  a  large  village  called  Pe-ma  is  passed 
on  the  left  hand,  and  a  mile  farther  on  a  village  of  sixty  houses,  named 
Shu-li-fu,  on  the  right.  There  is  a  joea-houae  near  the  entrance  to  the 
latter  village,  and  a  second  stone  water-trough. 

Beyond  the  village  a  large  portion  of  the  pliun  remains  uncultivated, 
the  ground  being  undulating  and  too  high  for  irrigation.  The  large 
lake,  several  miles  in  length  iind  of  an  average  breadth  at  the  western 
end  of  half  a  mile,  approaches  the  road.  Hero  a  long  paved  causeway, 
with  only  eight  openings,  which  saves  those  going  txi  Yiinnau  from  a 
long  detour,  is  met  with.  This  is  the  stone  bridge  of  some  twenty 
arches  mentioned  by  Hocher,  bat  it  scarcely  deserves  the  name  of 
bridge. 

Our  road  to  Lln-an  took  us  past  the  southern  side  of  the  lake,  which 
we  skirted  after  passing  the  causeway.  The  lake  narrows  to  about  a 
couple  of  hundred  yards  near  the  villages  of  Tsan-leen  and  Yee-go-paw, 
and  soon  after  becomes  shallow ;  the  end  being  protected  by  a  rubble 
■wall  having  an  opening  in  it  for  the  ]iassage  of  a  stream  which  enters  it 
at  that  place.  Soon  after  this,  and  before  reaching  Teo-go-paw — a 
village  of  some  hundred  houses — another  huge  expause  of  water  is  seen, 
lying  half  a  mile  to  tbc  south.  This  lake  appears  to  be  separatal  from 
the  other  by  a  high  rising  ground  or  large  spreading  knoU,  which  we 
skirted  on  the  northern  side. 

The  highest  hill  in  the  range  surrounding  the  Men-tzu  plain  is  seen 
to  the  south  in  the  afternoon.  It  is  apparently  2000  feet  higher  than 
the  plain. 

A  winding  road  through  a  bare  barren  country  for  some  five  miles, 
brought  ns  to  a  valley  of  considerable  area,  in  which  unfilled  rising 
grounds  form  the  central  portion,  on  which  stand  several  villages,  and 
at  one  of  which,  Chee-kai,  wo  baited.  The  windings,  as  we  neared  our 
resting-placo,  converted  what  seemed  a  mile  into  a  good  hour's  march. 

Most  of  tho  villages  we  passed  on  the  Mon-tzu  plains,  as  far  as  the 
Lin-an  village,  were  flat-roofed,  and  tho  rains  therefore  are  probably  not 
heavy  in  these  parts. 

On  the  north  side  of  the  valley  in  which  Chee-kai  lies,  a  village 
larger  than  tho  others,  Shatien,  and  numerous  hamlets  are  situated. 
tihatien  is  seen  about  a  mile  to  the  north,  at  the  foot  of  a  low  range 
of  hilU. 

Men-tzu  is  a  hsien  or  sub-jirefecture,  under  the  Lin-an  department. 

The  road  wound  on  the  8th  of  April  through  valleys.  Tho  lowest 
hollowB,  at  the  foot  of  sandy  hills,  muob  broken  up  by  nullahs,  were 


■— L 


^ 


EXPLORATION  IN  SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA.  27 

onder  irrigation.  The  low  hills  on  either  side  did  not  exceed  800  feet 
in  height.  About  midday  the  sandy  downs  disappeared,  and  the  road 
proceeded  amongst  hills,  displaying  highly  cultivated  and  irrigated 
little  valleys  at  their  foot. 

Cultivation  largely  increased  as  we  approached  our  halting-place, 
Hien-tien,  and  the  hills  which  in  the  morning  were  exceedingly  bare, 
became  more  clothed  with  trees  of  various  kinds.  Little  pine  was 
visible,  and  that  was  of  the  poorest  description.  Conglomerate  became 
the  ruling  formation  in  the  afternoon,  with  limestone  and  sandstone 
here  and  there. 

From  Lin-an  I  hoped  to  be  able  to  reach  the  Nam-ho  or  Hou-kiang, 
which  on  the  French  maps  is  shown  as  about  a  week's  march  from  Talan 
or  Yuan-chiang,  but  whether  this  would  be  possible  or  not,  events 
would  have  to  show.  Should  it  be  possible,  fifteen  days'  steady  marching 
would  be  necessary  from  Lin-an  before  we  could  reach  boats,  which  I 
hoped  to  secure  on  the  Nam-ho,  and  at  that  point  penetrate  a  perfectly 
miexplored  region,  the  easternmost  part  of  the  independent  Shan 
country. 

On  the  9th  of  April  our  road  ran  alongside  low  bare  hills,  which  we 
skirted  for  some  miles  on  the  southern  side  of  a  valley  studded  with 
hamlets,  many  of  them  partly  ruined.  We  then  entered  a  gorge  through 
which  the  path  ran  three  miles,  part  of  the  road  being  the  bed  of  a 
small  stream.  On  entering  the  gorge  we  found  a  bleak  barren  country', 
with  low  bare  rocky  hills  on  either  side,  and  no  trace  of  cultivation 
until  within  three  miles  of  Lin-an,  when  we  reached  the  large  plain  of 
the  same  name. 

Lin-an  does  not  come  into  view  until  the  plain  has  been  well  entered, 
hidden  as  it  is  by  several  villages.  The  road  skirts  the  eastern  side  at 
the  foot  of  the  hills.  On  the  left  there  is  no  cultivation,  and  the  hills 
gradually  retreat;  while  on  the  other  side  cultivation  becomes  more 
common,  until  round  Lin-an  all  available  space  is  utilised  for  agri- 
culture. 

A  paved  causeway  gives  approach  to  Lin-an  across  the  fields.  Im- 
mediately beyond  the  fields  there  is  a  cemeteiy  of  huge  area,  extending 
over  a  mile  and  a  half  in  length.  This  is  the  burial-ground  which  is 
noticed  in  Gamier's  work.  We  came  upon  several  large  villages  on  the 
right,  and  some  containing  ruins,  as  well  as  a  fort,  which  was  close  to 
a  bridge  spanning  a  stream  some  ten  yards  wide.  Half  a  mile  beyond 
this  we  encountered  another  stream,  which,  though  shallow,  was  nearly 
200  feet  wide,  with  no  bridge,  but  spanned  by  a  slab  causeway.  To  the 
left  was  a  fine  stone  bridge  of  some  eighteen  arches.  Immediately  after 
this  the  city  is  entered.  Lin-an  lies  in  the  centre  of  the  immense  plain 
surrounded  by  trees.  We  saw  little  remarkable  as  we  approached, 
beyond  a  three-storied  pavilion,  a  double-storied  edifice,  a  minaret- 
looking  pagoda,  and  several  groups  of  joss-houses  in  the  suburbs. 


28  EXri-OBATION  IS  SOU'l'HEIiS  ASD  .SOUTH -WESTERS  CHINA, 

We  ii'ere  very  kindly  received  and  treated  by  the  officials  ot  the 
place,  and  enjoyed  a  most  welcome  immunity  from  that  obtrusive 
popular  curiosity  whioh  it  is  impolitic  to  check.  Aftcir  a  stay  of  some 
days,  wo  prepareil  to  set  out  on  our  march  to  Talan,  which  takes  nine 
days  mthout  a  halt,  and  is  about  160  miles  in  length.  Two  days 
further  we  should  pass  Shih-piDg  or  Che-pin,  on  the  direct  route  from 
Laos  to  the  capital.  As  far  as  Talan  we  should  follow  the  route  of 
the  French  party,  and  after  that  we  hoped  to  diverge  to  untrodden 
ground  southwards. 

The  road  from  Lin-au  after  leaving  the  city  wall — occe  a  substantial 
structure,  but  now  a  patched-up  affair,  in  wretched  condition — is  over 
rising  ground,  which  for  a  distance  of  2^  miles,  forma  a  huge  cemetery. 
This  seems  to  stretch  nearly  all  round  the  city  like  a  belt,  and  extends 
as  far  an  the  eyo  can  roach.  As  the  French  work  has  described  a  con- 
siderable portion  of  the  ground  over  which  we  were  to  travel  for  the 
next  nine  days,  I  shall  pass  briefly  over  this  portion  of  our  journey. 
The  feature  of  the  Lin-an  plain  is  undoubtedly  this  huge  cemetery. 

After  a  couple  of  ascents  ami  descents,  bo  trifling  after  what  we  had 
undergone  in  this  respect  as  hardly  to  deserve  mention,  we  entered  upon 
a  wide  and  highly  cultivated  valley.  The  road  wound  alongside  a  stream 
some  20  yards  broad,  between  trees  and  shrubs  and  pleasantly  green 
hedgerows,  consisting  chiefly  of  what  seemed  to  be  a  species  of  laurel. 
The  southern  side  of  the  hill  was  beautifully  wooded  with  verdant 
foliage. 

We  followed  the  stream  on  its  wandering  way,  alongside  which  were 
dotted  numei'ous  villages,  for  nearly  10  miles.  Numerous  hi  11- torrents, 
with  atony  beds,  were  skilfully  trained  down  by  rubble  aide-walla  into 
the  main  stream. 

To  the  west  of  Lin-an,  contrary  to  our  experience  east  of  it,  the 
number  of  joss-houses  became  remarkable.  In  our  first  day's  march  vro 
saw  several  new,  and  two  more  in  course  of  erection. 

Crossing  a  shoulder  of  the  hills,  which  here  close  in,  we  obtuned  a 
glimpse  of  the  lake  of  I-long,  from  which  the  stream  we  had  followed 
takes  ita  origin,  and  runs  to  the  valley  of  Lin-an,  which  it  waters. 

We  halted  for  the  night  at  the  village  of  Hai-tung,  lying  close  to  the 
north-eastern  extremity  of  the  lake.  Thia  sheet  of  water,  some  13  miles 
long  and  close  on  live  miles  broad,  is  one  of  groat  lieauty. 

liarly  in  the  day,  when  Komt<  Ave  miles  from  Lin-an,  we  crossed  the 
stream  by  a  bridge,  which  was  a  handsome  structure,  biiilt  of  maasive 
alabs  of  beautiful  limestone.  The  stream  itself  was  spanned  by  two 
arches  of  some  20  feet,  aud  at  either  side  there  was  a  smaller  outlet  of 
10  feet.  The  bridge  piers  had  fine  cutwaters  and  were  protected,  both 
above  and  bolow,  by  stone  wings.  Alassive  elephants  and  the  usual  lions 
adorued  the  parapets  on  either  side ;  the  former  not  the  usual  caricatures 
which   adorn   Chinese  building^:.     A   handsome   tower,   square    In    its 


EXPLORATION  IN  SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA.  29 

ground  and  octagonal  in  its  npper  story,  gave  protection  to  the  shrine 
of  some  deity. 

On  the  following  day  after  leaving  Hai-tnng,  we  skirted  the  lake  all 
day,  moving  chiefly  along  its  brink  and  on  fine  paved  causeways, 
occasionally  ascending  to  cross  some  small  ridge  which  here  and  there 
jatted  ont  into  the  water. 

The  northern  margin,  along  which  our  road  lay,  was  studded  with 
villages,  some  of  which  were  of  considerable  size,  and  the  whole  margin 
was  under  careful  cultivation.  The  hills  on  both  sides  slope  down  close 
to  the  lake,  the  northern  edge  being  broken  up  by  little  promontories 
which  give  a  variety  to  this  bank  seemingly  absent  on  the  southern 
shore. 

The  causeways  act  as  bunds  or  levees  against  the  lake  waters,  and  a 
large  area  is  thus  reclaimed.  Near  the  western  end  of  the  lake  lies 
Shih-ping,  beautifully  situated,  projecting  from  the  rich  plain  behind  it. 
In  the  waters  of  the  lake  a  number  of  hamlets  and  villages  are  situated 
on  promontories.  These  are  joined  to  the  shore  by  narrow  causeways 
rnnning  in  many  directions.  Near  the  south  shore  are  two  beautiful 
islets,  covered  with  houses  built  up  the  hill-side,  and  crowned  by  joss- 
houses. 

On  a  rising  ground  south  of  the  town  stands  a  tower,  which  must 
command  a  fine  view,  and  which  we  wished  to  ascend,  as  de  Cam6  did 
at  this  very  spot  thirteen  years  ago.  The  French  sailed  down  the  lake, 
and  entered  Lin-an  by  a  diflferent  road  from  the  highway  which  we  used. 

The  flat-roofed  houses  in  this  neighbourhood  are  crowned  by  stacks 
of  straw,  which  at  a  distance  give  them  the  appearance  of  so  many 
mosques.     The  town  is  walled. 

Next  day,  soon  after  leaving,  we  passed  a  stone  portal  or  pai-fang. 
These,  from  all  reports,  seem  to  be  very  numerous  in  the  south  of 
Yunnan.  Nearly  all  we  saw  were  of  handsome  carved  limestone,  solidly 
built  and  finely  carved,  not  disfigured  by  any  colouring. 

On  leaving  Shih-ping  we  crossed  the  end  of  the  valley,  and  pro- 
ceeding along  the  high  ground  came  to  a  small  lake,  called  Hai-kau-ho, 
some  three  miles  long  by  one  mile  broad.  Near  its  head  lies  a  large 
village.  We  skirted  a  number  of  valleys,  and  found  the  country  more 
populous  and  cultivated  than  any  we  had  seen. 

After  leaving  the  lake  we  headed  the  valley,  crossing  a  ridge,  and 
descended  a  long  and  narrow  valley,  where  cultivation  in  terraces  was 
carried  up  the  hill-sides,  A  thick  undergrowth  resembling  laurel  covered 
the  hills ;  azaleas,  as  well  as  trees  which  we  took  to  be  ash,  oak,  elm, 
and  birch,  were  abundant. 

We  stopped  at  a  small  hamlet,  and  found  quarters  in  a  house  whose 
lower  terrace-roof  gave  us  a  beautiful  outlook. 

Next  day,  after  going  five  miles  down  a  hill-stream,  over  a  bed  of 
large  boulders,  we  entered  a  large  valley.     The   stream  draining  it. 


30  EXPI.OKATION  IS  SO(rrHE[:N  ASn  SOITH-WF-STERK  CHI.VA, 

called  the  Si-hinti,  after  joining  the  small  one  ^¥e  bad  descended,  mns 
BOiitliward  and  joins  the  Tuan-chiang  or  Eed  River, 

Directly  af(«rwarda  a  steep  zigzag  ascent  carried  ns  -winding  in  and 
out  hill-eidea,  gradually  rising  until  wo  readied  the  village  of  San-tai- 
pan,  which  ie  situated  most  beautifuUy  among  lofty  mountains.  From 
the  inn  we  stayed  at  we  had  a  charming  prospect.  We  were  nearly 
2000  feet  above  the  valley  whicL  we  had  left  in  the  morning. 

Our  next  march  was  a  trj'ing  one,  over  Tory  hilly  country  to  the 
summit  of  the  range  which  cloaes  in  the  Ked  Bivor,  and  which  we  had 
to  cross.  The  height  of  the  pass  was  8100  feet,  the  groatest  height  to 
which  we  had  as  yet  ascended.  Villages  were  freqnent,  and  terrace- 
cultivation  was  skilfuUy  carried  out  to  the  tops  of  the  ridges  sur- 
rounding us. 

One  very  high  hill,  probahly  2000  feet  above  us,  was  passed,  from 
which  '^iinnan-fu  and  Lin-an  were  said  to  be  visible. 

After  commencing  the  descent  we  had  some  Itoautiful  views  of  the 
Yuan-ohiang  plain,  the  river  winding  thniugh  it,  and  villages  dotted 
hero  and  there  on  the  hill-sidea  next  the  valley.  Terruoe-cultivation 
was  continued  up  in  an  unbroken  line  to  the  top  of  the  ridgea,  in  some 
places  1000  to  1.500  feet  above  the  valley.  Pine  of  several  sorts  was 
abundant,  the  biggest  only  two  feet  in  diameter.  There  were  other 
trees,  but  none  of  large  growth. 

The  number  of  bridges  in  Soutliem  Yllnnan  and  their  excellence  is 
aurprising.  They  are  usually  huilt  of  massive  slabs  of  fine  limestone, 
and  are  well  put  together. 

We  got  into  Lu-tung  in  a  shower  of  rain,  and  were  glad  to  find 
shelter,  poor  as  the  accommodation  -ivas. 

Leaving  Lu-tung-po  on  the  17th  of  April,  we  oommenoed  tlie 
descent  of  the  Ynan-cliiang  valley,  the  Song-ka  or  Red  River  of  the 
French.  Two  hours'  marching  by  a  verj'  winding  road  skirting  the 
spurs  of  the  high  ranges  brought  us  to  the  top  of  a  ridge  from  which 
there  is  a  rapid  descent  to  the  valley ;  the  distance  was  only  a  few  miles, 
bat  it  took  us  two  hourN  to  accomplish. 

Three  miles  from  our  starting-place  we  had  a  first  view  of  the 
valley,  vrith  the  Yuan-ehiang  winding  through  it.  Several  streams, 
notably  the  Cliin-ahui-ho,  join  their  watem  to  it  on  the  southern  side. 

As  we  made  our  first  descent,  over  2000  feet,  the  view  of  iho  valley 
was  grand.     The  hills  on  either  stclo  were  bare  and  precipitoiis. 

The  plain,  some  six  or  eight  miles  long  by  two  miles  broad,  dis- 
appointed us  in  its  size  after  the  reports  we  hud  heard  of  it. 

The  ttiwn  (Yuan-kiang),  on  the  river-side,  was  enclosed  by  groups 
of  trees,  which  gave  a  pleasant  air  to  the  old  and  cnimbling  place.  As 
wo  Beared  the  river  we  found  that  the  lower  slopes  of  the  hills  were 
coverwl  to  a  largo  extent  by  graves,  the  walls  of  which  were  of  the 
usual  circular  shape,  the  back  lieing  built  into  tho  hill-slope. 


EXPLOBATION  IN  SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA.  81 

The  town  is  a  squalid  one.  A  considerable  portion  of  the  walled 
inclosure  is  waste  land,  with  rains  scattered  about,  exactly  as  the 
Trench  found  it  thirteen  years  ago. 

From  this  place  to  Talan  wo  followed  the  French  route  for  three 
days. 

To  digress  a  little  on  trade  matters :  after  having  traversed  so  much 
of  Yimnan,  and  having  seen  the  Bed  Biver,  we  can  say  a  few  words  on 
the  best  route  to  tap  the  trade  of  South-eastern  YUnnan.  Does  any 
trade,  snch  as  the  French  have  been  fighting  and  striving  for,  isxist,  or 
can  it  be  created  in  that  portion  of  the  province?  The  fact  is  that 
Eastern  Yiinnan  is  a  poorly  cultivated  and,  on  the  whole,  barren  region, 
with  nearly  as  sparse  a  population  as  the  northern  portion  of  the 
province.  The  real  agricultural  wealth  lies  in  the  central,  south-west, 
and  western  portions,  which  can  best  be  tapped  by  a  railway  from 
British  Burma,  passing  through  Zimme  and  Eiang-hung  to  Ssii-mao. 

We  left  Yuan-kiang  on  the  18th  of  April,  after  having  been  most 
kindly  treated  by  the  local  authorities.  Our  road  ran  up  a  valley 
situated  at  right  angles  to,  and  south  of,  the  plain.  The  ascent  up  this 
grand  glen,  down  which  a  stream  poured  over  a  granite  bed,  gave  us 
magnificent  views  as  we  turned  the  comers  of  this  very  steep  and 
incessantly  winding  road. 

From  our  halting-place,  Molang,  we  could  see  the  river  winding 
through  the  plain  past  the  town  of  Yuan-kiang.  We  ascended  close 
upon  4000  feet,  making  only  a  few  miles  progress  on  account  of  the 
steepness  of  the  road. 

On  the  following  morning  we  started  in  such  a  heavy  mist  that  we 
could  hardly  see  anything.  After  six  miles  of  winding  close  to  the 
summit  of  a  mountain,  we  made  a  most  abrupt  and  fierce  descent,  over 
a  broken  and  neglected  causeway,  to  the  stream  of  Chin-tien,  which 
runs  into  the  Yuan*chiang,  at  a  point  some  miles  north-east  of  our 
resting-place.  A  fine  bridge  spans  the  stream,  and  here  two  valleys 
intersect  each  other.  The  old  causeway,  once  a  fine  and  noble  work, 
now  lies  neglected  and  broken  up,  forming  the  bed  of  a  torrent. 

We  halted  at  a  wretched  stable,  and  were  glad  to  see  daylight,  so  as 
to  get  on  the  march  again. 

On  the  previous  day  we  had  passed  many  houses  and  parts  of  villages 
in  ruins,  and  continued  to  meet  with  them  on  the  20th  of  April. 

We  crossed  at  midday  a  ridge  about  5000  feet  high,  and  soon  after- 
wards reached  Tien-so,  a  village  of  100  houses,  lying  on  the  side  of  a 
small  stream  in  a  considerable  valley. 

Leaving  Tien-so  on  the  2l8t  of  April,  we  made  the  usual  ascent  by  a 
very  winding  road,  up  valleys,  crossing  a  couple  of  ridges  about  1000 
feet  above  the  valley  levels.  A  halt  was  called  on  the  hill-top  over- 
looking Talan. 

We  were  met  by  the  oificials  and  treated  with  the  utmost  kindness 


32  XXPLOFLVTiON*  IN  SOOTHKRS*  AND  SO DTII -WESTERS  CHINA. 

lay  them.  Here  again,  where  the  goodwill  of  mir  informants  was 
ondouljtod,  we  found  the  greateet  difiicnlty  in  gaining  information  about 
routes  and  the  situation  of  noighlxiuring  places;  those  who  did  know 
anything  ased  different  names  for  tho  same  places,  and  the  majority 
neither  knew  nor  professed  to  care  anything  at  all. 

On  the  23rd  of  April  we  started  from  Takn.  The  road  took  us  up  a 
small  aide  valley.  After  five  miles  of  this  we  crossed  a  stream,  and 
ascending  a  thousand  feet,  to  a  plateau  which  we  travelled,  deaceudod 
to  Tchang-luping,  a  village  prettily  situated  on  the  aide  of  a  small 
stream  timning  into  the  Lysien  river,  some  few  miles  further  down. 

Tho  descent  to  tho  Lysien,  which  we  acci^mpUshed  on  the  following 
■day,  was  very  steep,  and  wonnd  in  and  out  most  picturesquely  alongside 
the  hill-atream.  Suddenly  wo  came,  on  turning  a  bend  of  the  road,  to 
tho  river,  and  a  few  steps  further  showed  us  what  we  little  expected  to 
see  in  this  region,  an  iron  suspension  hridgo  erected  over  the  river,  at  a 
beautiful  and  admirably  chosen  site.  Tho  abutments  rest  on  the  solid 
rocky  sides,  and  the  epan  between  them  is  264  feet,  foiiuing  a  graceful 
structure,  though  of  course  more  primitive  and  less  finished  in  design 
than  those  found  in  Europe.  There  is  a  handsome  portal,  highly 
ornamented  at  each  end,  and  a  small  pavilion  stands  perched  on  tho 
southern  hilt-side,  while  a  jose-houso  is  in  a  similar  position  on  tho 
northern. 

When  we  crossed,  the  river  had  a  width  of  only  some  20  yards,  and 
its  depth  was  scarcely  two  feet ;  but  with  the  heavy  rains  of  Atigust,  it 
increases  its  volume  and  violence  to  such  an  extent  as  to  render  it  useless 
as  a  means  of  navigation. 

After  the  ascent  from  the  Lysien  river,  we  followed  a  beautiful 
winding  road,  which  generally  took  ua  along  the  ridges  sopamting  the 
valleys,  on  the  broken  plateau-land  lying  between  the  Lysien  and 
Papien  rivers.  Parts  of  the  road  approaching  Tong-kwan,  where  we 
rested  for  the  night,  were  of  groat  beauty,  and  afibrded  us  a.  most  pleasant 
change  from  the  incessant  ascent  and  descent  involved  in  the  crossing  of 
all  the  waterways  and  watersheds  of  Southern  Yiinnan. 

Tong-kwan  is  a  thriving  place  of  about  200  houses,  with  a  fertile 
valley  on  its  northern  side,  in  which  are  situated  several  small  hamlets ; 
on  its  southern  side  there  is  another  valley  of  smaller  extent,  and  less 
cultivated.  Here  we  rested  in  a  small  temple,  some  few  hundred  yards 
-teyond  the  western  limit  of  tho  t^iwn. 

Descending  about  2000  feet  from  Tong-kwan,  on  tho  25th  of  April, 
by  the  side  of  a  small  stream  in  the  same  way  as  we  had  done  to  tho 
Lysien  river,  we  came  upon  the  Papien  river.  Although  of  greater 
size  and  volume  than  the  Lysion,  it  is  not  so  picturesque  at  the  point 
where  we  first  encountered  it.  Everything  was  on  a  larger  scale — hills, 
river,  and  ravines — but  wilder,  and  its  turbulent  muddy  waters  were 
less  beautiful  than  the  clear  shingle  bottom  of  the  Lysien, 


EXPLORATION  IN  SOLTHEliN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA.  33 

The  heat  was  terrible,  and  after  our  long  march,  now  nearly  forty 
days,  with  poor  food  and  worse  lodging,  we  were  little  able  to  stand  this 
new  discomfort.  Mr.  Wahab  was  obliged  to  be  carried,  he  was  so  debili- 
tated by  fifttigue  and  disease  (dysentery)  as  to  be  unable  to  walk. 

In  the  afternoon  we  stayed  for  the  night  at  the  village  of  Papien, 
which  lies  some  five  miles  up  a  side  valley.  All  the  villagers  had  a 
wretched  sallow  fever-stricken  look,  besides  which  many  were  afflicted 
with  goitre  and  eye-diseases. 

An  ascent  of  2000  feet,  which  we  made  next  day,  took  us  to  a  small 
plateau,  which  we  crossed,  and  descended,  in  pouring  rain,  nearly  to  the 
same  level  to  Mo-hii  or  Mohe,  a  large  village  of  some  200  straggling 
houses  lying  on  the  side  of  a  stream  of  the  same  name  running  north- 
wards into  the  Fapien. 

The  hills  in  the  neighbourhood  to  the  north  and  south  were  lofty 
and  well  timbered,  unlike  those  we  had  seen  the  day  before,  when  they 
were  barren.  On  the  hill-side  of  the  Mohd  they  are  nearly  bare,  except 
for  grass  and  low  trees. 

We  found  shelter  in  a  wretched  shanty,  which  gave  protection  neither 
from  wind  nor  rain,  and  we  were  all  glad  to  get  away  next  morning. 

On  the  27th  we  made  another  ascent  of  2000  feet,  straight  up  the 
face  of  a  range  which  divides  the  valley  which  we  had  left,  from  Puerh. 
Here  wo  were  at  a  great  height,  some  8000  feet,  and  numerous  high 
peaks  in  the  ranges  close  by  were  seen  towering  far  above  our  level. 

Puerh-fu,  the  town,  could  not  be  seen  from  the  summit  of  the  range, 
owing  to  its  lying  behind  some  knolls  in  the  plain,  which  seems  to  be 
much  broken  up  by  knolls  or  rising  grounds,  round  which  we  wound 
till  we  came  in  view  of  the  town.  As  we  passed  the  last  of  these  knolls 
the  cultivable  area  seemed  not  to  be  so  great  as  we  had  expected,  or 
would  appear  to  be  warranted  by  the  town  and  numerous  villages  scat- 
tered round  it.  The  high  hills  seem  to  wedge  in  and  give  a  confined 
air  to  the  town.  The  hill-sides  are  bare,  with  less  timber  and  hardly 
any  cultivation,  but  all  the  side  valleys  and  the  plain  itself  are  under 
close  cultivation. 

The  town,  which  fifteen  years  ago  suffered  greatly  from  the  war, 
does  not  yet  seem  to  have  recovered  its  place.  A  large  walled  town,  it 
has  one  main  street,  with  shops  and  houses  running  along  either  side. 
The  most  remarkable  figures  about  Puerh  are  the  two  twelve-storied 
pagodas,  one  on  the  summit  of  a  hill  close  by,  and  the  other,  a  newly- 
erected  structure,  on  the  top  of  a  ridge  some  five  miles  distant,  at  the 
Bouthem  end  of  the  valley. 

Two  days'  march  took  us  to  Ssu-mao,  which  is  a'  t'ing  or  town  of 
the  third  order,  and  the  last  administrative  town  on  the  south- western 
frontier  of  Yunnan.  like  all  other  Yunnanese  towns,  it  lies  in  the  centre 
of  a  plain,  which  has  a  more  open  and  considerable  look  than  that  of 
Puerh,  owing  to  the  hills  being  lower  on  all  sides.     We  lodged  in  an 

VOL.  n.  D 


3i  EXPLORATION  I.V  SliLTHKHN  AN'I>  SO I.TH- WESTERN  CHISA. 

old  and  tumble-down  temple,  the  worst  in  tlie  place,  to  which,  the  ill-will 
and  boarishness  of  the  local  mandarin  had  consigned  ne. 

I  am  not  likely  to  loae  luy  reeollections  of  Ssu-iuao,  for  here  I  received 
a  diBappointmeut  from  a,  quarter  little  espected  by  me.  The  reader  will 
recollect  that  failing  the  possibility  of  finding  a  route,  or  making  our 
way  to  the  Nam-hou  river,  and  thence  by  Luang-prabaug  to  Burma,  I 
hoped  to  succeed  in  crossing  the  Yimnan  frontier  from  Ssfi-mao,  and 
getting  down  the  Mekong,  or  east  of  it,  through  the  unknown  Laos 
countries.  In  the  event  of  that  not  being  possible  I  had  hoped  to  pro- 
ceed to  Kiang-bung,  and  thence  to  South-eastern  Burma  or  Tonasserim 
viu  Zinime.  But  now  my  right-hand  man,  the  interpreter,  showed  signs 
of  insubordination,  profesHing  to  be  fearful  of  the  climatic  and  personal 
risks  of  my  propused  route.  I  found  it  impostiible  to  secure  a  substitute 
locally,  euoh  as  a  Buiman  who  spoke  Laotian,  or  a  Chinaman  speaking 
Burmese. 

The  mandarin  was  studiedly  rude,  placed  every  obstacle  in  our  way, 
and  used  every  art  to  misdirect  us,  putting  pressure  on  my  interpreter 
and  servants,  knowing  them  to  bo  indisjiensable  to  my  journey,  llad 
I  gone  on  by  the  route  tbo  mandarin  recommended  me  to  follow,  I  was 
certain  t«  be  turned  back  by  the  firat  Shan  chief.  My  funds  were 
getting  low,  my  companion  was  seriouflly  ill,  further  delay  was 
impossible.  There  was  only  one  way  open  to  me  now,  and  that  was  to 
strike  north  to  Tali-fu,  and  thence  make  my  way  to  Burma  by  the  route 
to  Bhamo,  so  I  made  up  my  mind  to  proceed  by  the  uukuowii  route  to 
Tali  via  Ching-tung  or  Kiug-tong,  a  place  some  twelve  days'  march 
from  Ssu-mno. 

lil.  Saij-MAO  TO  Tali. 

I  lost  no  time,  but  hired  horses,  and  arranged  to  go  direct  to  Tati,  a 
stage  of  over  twenty  days'  marcliing.  From  hero  (Ssu-mao)  wo  had  to 
retrace  our  steps  to  Mohfi  for  three  days,  and  then  strike  north  to  Chin- 
tung,  following  the  valley  of  the  Papien  river,  so  that  we  did  not 
anticipate  such  hard  marching  as  wo  had  lately  gone  through.  Having 
lightened  our  already  light  baggage,  we  set  out  on  the  2nd  of  May  by 
the  same  road  by  which  we  entered  Saii-mao,  and  arrived  at  MohS  on  the 
4th  of  May. 

For  the  next  throe  days  our  march  took  us  through  valley  after 
valley  continuously.  On  the  tliird  day  we  reached  the  Papien  river, 
which  from  Gamior's  map  and  our  survey  we  expected  to  have  sighted 
sooner.  This  part  of  its  course  is  evidently  wrongly  shown  in  existing 
maps. 

Many  of  the  valleys  which  we  had  passed,  though  of  no  great  size, 
were  highly  cultivated,  especially  in  terraces,  from  the  valley  stream-bod 
up  the  lower  slopes  of  the  hill-sides,  and  curiously  enough,  almost  all 
the  west  side  of  the  valleys. 


EXPLORATION  IS  SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA.  35 

On  the  8th  of  May  wo  halted  at  Hsin-fu,  a  small  walled  town  lying 
on  the  west  side  of  the  Papien.  It  is  of  no  importance.  The  ferry-boat 
takes  one  across  the  river  to  the  eastern  bank,  along  which  the  road  runs 
for  a  number  of  marches.  During  the  day,  two  marked  peaks  in  the 
eastern  range  had  been  visible,  rising  2000  feet  above  us. 

On  the  9th  of  IMay  we  went  from  Hsin-fu  to  Kwan-yu.  Our  road 
there  ran  up  the  left  bank  of  the  Papien  river.  It  was  very  winding, 
and  followed  the  tortuous  river  along  the  lower  slopes  of  the  hills.  At 
first,  these  latter  were  close  to  the  river  and  lofty,  but  they  soon  gave 
place  to  spurs  of  less  altitude. 

After  leaving  this  place,  we  passed  nearly  a  whole  day  without 
seeing  any  habitations  or  cultivation  until  evening,  when  we  came  upon 
En-lo,  where  we  halted.  It  is  situated  on  the  eastern  side  of  a  small 
plain,  enclosed  by  an  amphitheatre  of  hills,  with  several  other  villages 
scattered  about.  It  has  a  handsome  three-storied  pavilion,  and  an  old 
joss-house  under  repair,  in  which  we  lodged. 

Soon  after  leaving  En-lo  wo  met  some  portals  (pai-fangs)  which  were 
carved  in  sandstone.  The  river  valley  from  time  to  time  present-ed  a 
pleasantly  cultivated  air,  after  the  desolate  regions  we  had  passed  lately, 
but  still  dilapidation  was  continually  seen  in  ruined  sites  and  deserted 
villages. 

On  the  11th,  we  lodged  at  Chay-kaw  in  a  nice  clean  house,  belonging 
to  an  old  woman  who  kept  a  shop.  The  road  had  been  of  the  same 
character  as  for  the  last  few  days,  except  that  the  hills  became  lower, 
and  the  valley  widened  out  to  close  on  a  mile.  Cultivation  and  villages 
were  scarce,  and  the  latter  were  frequently  in  ruins.  The  river  changed 
here  from  a  torrent  full  of  rapids  and  shoals  to  an  even-flowing  stream, 
with  many  long  pools,  having  but  a  slight  flow  through  them. 

The  next  day,  after  an  hour's  march  alongside  the  Papien,  we 
followed  one  of  its  numerous  affluents  until  it  became  dry.  And  then, 
after  crossing  a  small  saddle,  came  upon  a  view  of  the  Ching-tung  plaiu, 
a  magnificent  surprise,  and  a  most  welcome  one  it  was  in  this  land  of 
contrasts  and  surprises.  Here  lay  a  grand  valley  or  plain,  many  miles 
in  length,  of  considerable  breadth,  and  remarkable  beauty.  Patches  of 
cultivation^  prosperous-looking  villages,  enclosed  by  serrated  hills,  made 
up  a  pretty  picture.  Passing  through  the  plain,  we  found  we  had 
entered  upon  a  series  of  almost  totally  deserted  villages. 

Our  first  impression  of  the  beauty  and  richness  of  the  Ching-tung 
plain  was  more  than  borne  out  by  what  we  saw  later.  It  is  the  finest 
plain  we  had  seen,  and  both  in  regard  to  fertility  and  beauty,  surpassed 
all  those  in  the  south  of  Yi'mnan,  and  from  what  one  could  learn,  any  in 
the  whole  province. 

We  marched  for  more  than  two  days  up  the  winding  causeway, 
which  skirts  the  plain  at  the  base  of  the  hill-spurs,  and  the  ever- 
varying  beauty  constantly  forced  exclamations  of  surprise  from  us. 

r  2 


3G  EXI'LOIJATIOS  IN  SOUTHEUS  AND  SOimi-WESTERS  CHISA. 

The  deserted  villnyes  became  more  frequent,  while  razed  sites  wert 
common,  and  in  paii«  of  the  valley  might  be  said  to  make  for  miles  a 
cootLntiona  line.  This  scene  of  ruin  cnlmmated  at  Chini^-tung.  Hero 
we  found,  not  the  city  we  had  expected,  biit  a  jaltry  village  of  some 
five  hundred  houses,  but  there  was  ample  evidence  of  its  former 
prosperity. 

Our  ■n'ny  lay  up  the  valley,  first  on  the  eastern  side  of  tho  Papien 
river,  which  winds  gracefully  through  bamboo  and  wood,  then  on.  the 
western  edge  of  the  plain  we  passed  a  curiously  great  number  of 
temples,  wei-kane,  pai-fangs,  and  cemeteries.  A  fine  sandstone  gives 
admimble  material  for  these  structures,  which  add  an  air  of  affluence 
and  civilisation  to  the  already  deceptive  scene. 

On  the  summit  of  the  hill-saddle  at  the  southern  end  of  the  plain, 
stands  the  Nara-tsing-teing  pagoda,  famous  throughout  South-western 
Yiinnan,  a  handsome  old  structure  of  nine  stories,  square  in  section,  each 
tier  decreasinjf  as  it  rises.  The  usual  banyan  trees  flourish  at  its 
apes,  and  the  whole  pagoda  and  its  surroundings  show  no  signs  of  being 
cared  for  in  any  way.     It  is  apparently  of  considerable  age. 

Some  five  miles  to  the  south  of  C'hing-tung  stands  another  smaller 
pagoda,  hetagoual,  and  seven  tiers  in  height ;  tho  four  lower  stories  are 
of  the  same  breadth,  while  tho  upper  three  decrease  with  a  batter. 
Some  12  miles  south  of  the  town  is  the  Fungs-hui-tah,  a  two-storied 
pagoda. 

We  were  very  cii-illy  received  by  the  officials  at  Ohing-tung,  and 
kindly  treated  by  them  so  far  aa  their  resources  went. 

On  leaving,  we  passed  some  six  miles  ii\>  the  western  edge  of  the 
Ching-tuiig  valley,  antl  crossing  several  streams,  two  of  which  were 
bridged,  wo  came  to  the  foot  of  a  small  ascent.  We  then  crossed  several 
spurs  and  branch  valleys,  and  rejoined  the  Papien  in  the  evening  at 
u  small  hamlet.  Opposite  this  place  stands  a  sharp  isolated  rugged 
peak,  rising  abruptly  some  800  feet  from  tho  river-edge.  This  peak, 
with  another  behind  it,  which  we  could  nut  see  till  the  next  day,  are 
called  8«u-mai  Shan  or  "  Brother  and  Sister  Hills." 

On  the  15th  of  Ma3"  we  continued  to  follow  the  river,  and  early  in 
our  march  came  to  a  wild  gorge,  where  the  Papien  had  torn  its  way 
through  walls  of  rock,  close  to  the  Brother  and  Sister  peaks.  On  the 
western  summit  of  the  gorge  stands  a  small  temple. 

The  road  was  of  the  same  character  ns  on  the  previous  day,  and  wo 
crossed  spurs  and  side-valleys  with  their  streams,  afHuents  of  the  Papien, 
until  wo  reached  Lungai,  where  we  halted. 

Lungai  is  a  dirty  village,  only  remarkable  for  possessing  a  wator- 
wheel  of  a  description  which  -was  novel  to  us.  Several  bridges  were 
passed,  some  of  which  were  roofed  with  tiles  throughout  their  length. 

On  the  following  day  we  skirted  the  Papien  again,  only  leaving  it 
once  to  cross  a  lofty  spur  about  2400  feet  above  the  river,  and  about  6000 


EXPLORATION  IN  SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA.  37 

above  the  sea,  and  then  rejoined  the  river  at  Chu-kai.  The  morning 
walks  under  the  shelter  of  the  eastern  hill  range  in  this  portion  of  our 
journey,  free  from  the  sun  and  skirting  the  river,  were  most  delightful. 
Not  the  least  pleasant  part  of  them  was  the  ahsence  of  the  2000  foot 
steeps  up  which  we  had  previously  to  toil  continuously  for  forty 
days. 

The  road  for  the  next  two  days  ran  near  or  alongside  the  river, 
occasionally  rising  to  cross  a  high  spur,  and  in  some  cases  a  diversion 
had  been  made  to  avoid  places  where  the  river  fought  its  way  through 
the  gorges.  On  the  evening  of  the  17th  of  May  we  halted  at  Mau-kai, 
a  village  lying  on  the  eastern  hill-side,  from  above  which  a  fine  view  of 
the  valley  is  commanded.  A  handsome  group  of  new  temples  had  been 
lately  built  on  the  hill  behind  the  town.  The  number  of  pai-fangs, 
wei-kans  and  temples,  many  of  the  latter  handsome  structures  newly 
built,  met  with  was  remarkable,  and  taken  along  with  the  bridges,  pro- 
tection wall,  and  other  public  works,  argues  a  considerable  degree  of 
present  affluence.  The  hill-sides  are  cultivated  nearly  to  the  top.  The 
number  of  hamlets  and  isolated  farm-steadings  is  remarkable,  for  the 
Lolos  and  others  of  the  aborigines  in  the  neighbourhood  do  not  from 
choice  congregate  in  villages.  There  are,  however,  many  villages,  and 
the  population,  from  all  we  could  see,  must  be  great,  while  peace  and 
prosperity  seem  stamped  upon  the  face  of  the  country. 

For  some  days,  the  number  of  watch-towers,  generally  placed  near 
a  village  or  on  some  prominent  height,  was  noticeable.  They  were  built 
during  the  late  war.  Close  to  some  of  them  may  be  seen  a  yam^n  guard- 
house, but  many  of  these  latter  have  been  allowed  to  fall  into  ruin. 

A  handsome  arched  bridge,  of  about  30  feet,  with  fine  rubble  abut- 
ments, which  had  been  newly  erected,  spans  the  Fapien  river  a  few  miles 
before  Chu-kai.  It  stands  just  above  a  bend  in  the  stream,  which  gives 
approach  to  the  steep  ascent  to  the  village. 

At  the  foot  of  this  precipitous  ascent  is  a  small  hamlet,  called  Shee- 
tung,  where  a  cluster  of  cave  temples  is  niched  in  the  rocky  sides. 
These  temples,  which  are  of  various  sizes,  are  built  into  the  sheer  face 
of  the  cliff  at  various  heights,  and  are  in  full  view  from  the  river. 

A  very  handsome  three-storied  temple  has  been  recently  built  in  an 
overhanging  ledge  of  the  cliff,  above  a  branch  stream  near  the  hamlet. 

The  next  day  we  found  ourselves  surrounded  by  mountains,  none  of 
them  of  very  great  height.  We  left  the  Fapien,  crossed  a  number  of 
high  ridges  and  small  valleys,  and  in  the  evening  reached  the  plain  or 
valley  of  Nan-tien,  and  crossed  a  stream  running  eastwards.  This  was 
one  of  the  head  branches  of  the  Yuan-chiang  river,  known  here  as  the 
Mong-hoa-ho,  and  further  down,  until  it  joins  the  main  river,  as  the 
Dayang-chiang. 

The  town,  which  consists  of  some  300  houses,  is  remarkable  for  the 
nimiber  of  temples  in  and  about  it,  and  for  three  two-storied  pavilions. 


36  EXPLORATION  I.V  SOUTKEM  AND  SOUTlI-WEtiiTERN  Ciil.Xi. 

One  stondB  behind  the  town,  near  the  small  fort  which  orownB  a  height. 
Another  stands  on  the  hill-siile  on  the  opposite,  or  south-east,  side  of  the 
valley;  and  the  third  on  an  island  in  the  centre  of  the  valley,  where  it 
oiiena  out.  A  groat  number  of  villages  line  the  sides  of  the  valleys  in 
every  direction.  The  red  marl  of  the  lower  slopes  of  the  valloyH,  all 
around  this  town.  Is  torn  by  the  rainfall  into  very  abrupt  ravines  or 
fieaurea,  looking  as  if  they  had  been  furrowed  by  some  giant  hand.  In 
places  some  sootions  wore  displayed,  cut  clear  and  sheer  down  some 
300  feot.  A  curious  spectacle  presented  itself  in  the  pj-ramids  standing 
in  these  ravines,  but  the  columns  were  still  more  remarkable.  These 
displayed  the  strata  in  a  most  comioal  way. 

A  couple  of  days'  marching  up  the  side  of  the  Mong-hoa-ho  brougbt 
us  to  the  extensive  and  beautiful  plain  of  Mong-hoa.  For  the  grater 
length  the  hills  were  steep  on  both  sides,  and  therefore  less  cultivated. 
The  eastern  slopes  were  nearly  bare.  In  the  upper  length  the  banks 
were  in  places  lined  with  willowa.  At  the  extreme  eouthom  end  of  the 
plain,  on  a  spur  some  600  feet  high,  stands  a  most  graceful  and  handsome 
seven-tiered  pagoda.  This  is  called  by  the  villagers  to  the  north 
Shih-tsow-tah,  and  by  those  to  the  south  Wu-fong  Fo-tah. 

The  road  skirts  tho  eastern  side  of  the  stream,  aud  a  couple  of  mUes 
before  we  reached  Mong-hoa,  we  came  upon  a  handsome  nino-storiod 
pagoda.  A  temple  on  the  lower  hill-side  stands  on  tho  other  side  of  the 
stream.     The  pagoda  is  square  in  section. 

The  valley  sides  are  lined  with  villages,  and  after  the  town  is  passed, 
they  become  so  numerous  as  to  almost  form  a  continuous  row  on  either 
side.  The  plain  is,  however,  not  one-half  cultivated,  and  the  handsome 
subs  tan  ti  ally-built  villages  arc  frequently  in  part  deserted. 

Littlo  is  seen  of  Mong'hoa  from  the  outside  above  the  blackened 
city  walls,  except  a  two-atoried  pavilion,  the  two-storied  gat^'ways,  and 
tho  ofGcial  wei-kans. 

Tho  city  is  not  visible  until  close  up  to  it,  oii  account  of  a  rising 
ground,  which  hides  it  from  the  south  approach.  It  is  very  largo  and 
well  built,  and  far  superior  to  any  we  had  yet  seen.  Several  very 
handsome  pai-fangs  in  fine  sandstone,  stand  near  the  northern  approach. 

We  halted  on  the  20th  of  May  at  a  small  Lo-Io  hamlet,  aud  received 
a  hearty  welcome  from  an  old  lady  in  whose  house  we  stayed. 

Next  day's  march  brought  us  to  Sun-tien  at  the  northern  end  of  the 
plain ;  nnmberless  villages  lined  the  valley,  but  a  great  proportion  of  it 
is  waste. 

At  night  we  lodged  in  a  village  close  by  Sun-tien,  called  Yensi- 
chang,  which  was  almost  entirely  deserted.  A  winding  paved  causeway 
led  us  through  unpeopled  streets,  on  either  side  of  which  were  fine, 
almost  magnificent  buildings,  substantially  built  and  handsomely 
decorated. 

There  most  bo  an  immense  numlter  of  villages  lining  this 


plaii^H 


EXPLORATION  IX  SOUTHERN  AND  SOUTH-WESTERN  CHINA.  39 

Some  twenty  oould  be  seen,  as  we  wound  our  way  next  day  up  the 
lower  slopes  of  the  northern  hill-sides  of  the  valley. 

Cloee  by  Mong-hoa  are  some  hot  boiling  springs,  whioh  wo  had  not 
time  to  yisit.  They  have  a  great  local  reputation  for  the  cure  of  almost 
every  ailment. 

A  toilsome  ascent  of  a  couple  of  hours  brought  us  to  the  greatest 
height  we  had  yet  crossed,  9200  feet,  and  to  the  summit  of  the  range 
dividing  the  Tali  lake  from  the  Mong-hoa  plain.  The  lake  finally 
became  visible  to  our  delighted  eyes.  It  is  some  20  miles  by  four,  and 
is  incased  in  magnificent  mountains,  estimated  at  14,000  to  15,000  feet  in 
height,  though  they  are  probably  higher,  as  snow  is  found  on  the  peaks 
all  the  year  round. 

At  Hsia-Kuan,  a  strongly  fortified  town  at  the  south-west  extremity 
of  the  lake,  we  were  met  and  very  kindly  treated  by  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Greorge  Clarke,  of  the  China  Inland  Mission. 

Here  our  survey  ended,  for  although  we  were  very  far  from  being 
"  out  of  the  wood  "  with  a  long  and  perilous  march  of  twenty  days  to 
Bhamo  before  us,  that  part  of  our  journey  had  already  been  surveyed 
and  described  by  other  travellers. 

The  foregoing  is  a  mere  account  of  the  features  of  the  country 
passed,  the  route  taken,  and  our  reasons  for  departing  from  the  original 
plan.  It  gives  no  idea  of  the  difficulties  encountered.  Although  wo 
were  generally  well  treated  by  the  native  officials,  some  of  them  were 
suspicious  and  obstructive.  Our  native  followers,  being  Chinese, 
thought  and  acted  as  if  the  fate  of  the  expedition  depended  on  their 
goodwill ;  and  besides  this  conceit,  they  were  rendered  more  intractable 
by  having  their  fears,  self-interest,  or  superstition  played  upon  by  those 
officious  people  who,  in  China,  are  never  well-disposed  to  foreigners. 
Our  funds  were  very  low,  my  own  private  means  and  money  generously 
supplied  by  a  few  English  merchants,  barely  sufficing  to  pay  our  way 
through,  even  if  all  went  well.  The  sickness  of  Mr.  Wahab  towards  the 
latter  end  of  the  journey,  and  unforeseen  delays,  caused  such  a  drain  on 
our  resources  that  I  was  forced  to  borrow  from  the  missionaries  at  Tali 
and  Bhamo. 

The  provinces  of  Kwang-tung  and  Kwang-si  were  still  in  a  state  of 
turmoil  from  the  recent  insurrections ;  brigandage  was  rampant. 

Transport,  after  leaving  the  boat,  could  scarcely  be  obtained,  and 
'Was  bad  at  the  best.  Plague  and  malaria  infested  a  great  part  of  the 
route,  most  of  my  party,  including  Mr.  Wahab,  contracted  dysentery,  or 
fever,  before  reaching  Tali,  and  had  to  go  into  hospital  on  arriving  at 
Bangoon.  I  myself  was  so  jaded  by  long  marches,  bad  food,  and  un- 
healthy quarters,  the  anxieties  of  our  situation,  the  constant  labour  of 
surveying  and  taking  frequent  angles,  that  only  a  deep  sense  of  the 
heavy  responsibility  for  the  rest  of  the  party,  and  a  determination  to  pull 
through,  aided  by  a  robust  frame,  kept  me  from  breaking  down  altogether. 


40 


EXPLORATION  IN  SOLTHERS  ANU  SOUTll-WtSTEES  CHINA. 


Since  this  jouraoy  was  made,  many  of  tlie  citieB  pnsned  throagh  by 
me  on  tho  river  between  Canton  and  Pe-Bij  liave  been  included  in  a  vast 
Bystem  of  internal  telegraplia,  which  is  still  being  -vigoTOusly  pushed  by 
tho  Chinese  Govemnient  The  erection  and  maintenance  of  these  lines 
necessitates  the  occasional  presence  of  European  engineers,  but  although 
these  are  in  the  direct  employ  of  tho  Chinese  Government,  and  some 
have  high  Chinese  ofGcial  rank,  they  have  to  move  about  under  large 
military  oacorta.  Even  then  insult  and  robbery  cannot  be  prevented. 
My  position  five  years  ago,  poor  in  funds,  vrith  no  official  status,  and 
subject  to  having  my  aims  njalicionsly  misrepresented  to  a  lawless 
nnthinking  populace,  may  be  imagined, 

Tho  aggressive  attitude  of  Russia,  and  the  recent  ti-onblc  with 
France,  have  forced  the  Chinese  to  recognise  the  value  of  European 
Bcientifio  appliances.  They  have  given  practical  jiroof  of  their  con- 
victions in  this  I'espect  by  building  a  costly  line  of  telegraph  from  end 
to  end  of  the  empire. 

The  leading  Chinese  statesmen  are  thoroughly  convinced  that  if 
China  is  to  hold  together  as  a  nation,  and  avert  tho  threatened  diH- 
TUption  consequent  on  uncontrolled  interna!  and  external  pressure,  they 
must  have  railways.  Their  political  and  commercial  value  baa  long 
been  proved  to  them,  and  if  English  capitalists  will  build  a  line 
traversing  the  rich  provinces  of  SJam  and  tho  Shan  States,  joining  our 
Indian  railways  with  the  south-western  frontier  of  China,  the  induce- 
ments to  the  Cliineso  to  meet  them  half-way  will,  in  all  probability, 
give  the  neoessaiy  impetus  to  railway  construction  in  China. 


BIBLIOGEAPHY  AND  CARTOOBAPHY 


or 


HISPANIOLA 

By  H.  Ling  Soth. 


PAflK 

L  INTRODUCTION       43 

n.  AUTHORS'  CATALOGUE       45 

m.  ANONYMOUS  PUBLICATIONS 81 

IV.  PARLIAMENTARY  PUBLICATIONS 87 

V.  MAPS,  CHARTS,  AND  PLANS 88 

VI.  BIBLIOGRAPHICAL  CHRONOLOGY 93 

VIL  INDEX    TO    AUTHORS'    CATALOGUE    AND     ANONYMOUS 

PUBLICATIONS 95 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHY 


OF 


HISPANIOLA. 

By  H.  LiNa  Both. 


I.    INTEODUCTION. 

The  Island  of  Hispaniola  has  become  known  by  several  names.  Origi- 
nally named  Espanola  by  Colnmbns,  it  was  generally  called  Hispaniola,. 
and  occasionally  Santa  Dominica.  It  is  also  spoken  of  as  Saint  Domin- 
gue,  Santo  or  San  Domingo,  Hayti  and  Haiti. 

When  we  consider  that  Hispaniola  has  been  known  to  the  civilised 
world  for  a  period  extending  over  nearly  four  hundred  years  (it  was- 
discovered  5  Dec.  1492),  and  that  it  is  a  rich  tropical  island  with  a 
mo6t  remarkable  history,  we  may  be  somewhat  disappointed  at  the 
paucity  of  works  which  describe  it,  but  this  paucity  is  no  doubt  due  to 
the  depressing  influence  of  the  unhappy  political  disturbances  which, 
with  a  few  lucid  intervals,  have  prevailed  during  the  last  century  at 
both  ends  of  the  island.  Travellers  and  naturalists  visit  Jamaica,  Cuba, 
the  Bahamas,  Porto  Bico,  and  other  surrounding  islands,  but  they  appear 
carefully  to  avoid  the  island  Hispaniola  itself.  The  maps  of  the  country 
are  also  comparatively  few,  but  we  have  a  considerable  number  of  charts 
of  the  coast. 

The  history  has  been  well  threshed  out  and  includes  some  standard 
works.  Most  of  the  historians  have  given  a  good  account  of  the 
geography  and  of  the  people  of  the  island ;  but  of  its  meteorology  our 
knowledge  is  almost  nt7,  and  with  its  zoology  and  botany  we  are  but 
imperfectly  acquainted.  The  herbaria  in  Kew  collected  by  Schomburgk, 
Wright,  Parry,  and  Brummel  appear  never  to  have  been  published. 

The  last  naturalist  who  visited  Hispaniola  was  the  late  B.  L.  Fleming, 
who  died  there,  and  whose  collections  and  papers  never  reached 
England. 

In  order  to  facilitate  reference  to  the  works  whose  titles  are 
mentioned  in  this  Bibliography,  the  names  of  the  libraries  where  the 
writer  has  seen  them  are  indicated  by  initial  capitals  placed  at  the  end 


44  BIBLIOGRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHr  OF  HISPANIOJ-A. 

of  tho  title.      This  does   not  at  all  mean  that  the  locality  of  every 
existing  copy  of  a  book  ie  stated.     Thus : — 


A.I. 

Anthropological  Institute  of  Gi.  Brit,  and  Irelan 

A.D. 

Library  of  the  Admiralty  Deparlment. 

B.M. 

flritish  Museum. 

B.T. 

Board  of  Traae  Library  at  Foreign  Office. 

F.O. 

Foreign  Office. 

K.G. 

Kew  GurdeoB. 

L.S. 

Limiean  Society  of  London, 

Ii.G,S. 

aMets. 

i:.s. 

Itoyol  Society, 

S.S. 

Statistical  Society  of  LoQ^oti. 

Sch.  M. 

Royal  School  of  Mines. 

o.s.r. 

United  Service  Institution. 

Z.S. 

Zoological  Society  of  London, 

All  the  books,  &c.,  referred  to,  howerer,  are  not  to  be  foond  in 
England,  bnt  the  books  or  papers  from  which  their  respective  titles 
have  been  extractod  are  expressed  by  initial  capitals  in  the  same  manner 
aa  with  the  libraries.     Thus  : — 


A.B. 


nB.M, 


qB,M. 


W.K. 


Ale\.  Bonneau,  Hnlti — Sas  FrognJa  . . . 
Catalogue  of  Astor  Library,  in  B.M. 
Kdu.  Charton,  Voyageurs  nnciena  , . .  e 
E.  Uricoechea,  Uapoteca  Colombtana,  in  B.M. 
Henry  Harrisoe,  Bibliotheoa  Americana,  in  B.M. 
John  Champlin,  Art.  Hayti,  9tli  ed.  Encyolop,  BriL 
John  Weiss,  Atlantic  Monthly  1862-3,  in  B.M. 
Kayser's  YoUatandlges  BQcher-Lexicoo,  in  B.M. 
Otto  Lorenz,  Catalogue  Gen.  de  la  Librarie  Franpiisc,  in 
Petermaon'B  Geogr.  Mittheilungen,  in  R.G.S. 
liicli'a  Bibliotheoa  Americana,  in  B.M. 
Sam.  Hazard,  Saolo  Domingo  . . .  etc.,  in  B.M. 
Temaux-Coiupana,  Biblioth^ue  Atnericaioc,  in  B.M. 
Dr.  W.  Koner'a  Annual  List  in  Zeit.  Gea.  f.  Erdkunde,  i 


'R.G.S. 


There  is  in  tho  British  Museum  a  nnmerous  collection  of  French 
purely  revolutionary  pamphlets  bearing  on  Hayti.  It  has  not  been 
considered  advisable  to  publish  their  titles  in  this  Bibliography.  Any 
one  wishing  to  consult  them  will  find  a  very  complete  set  of  these 
titles,  about  250  in  number,  prepared  by  the  present  writer,  in  the 
library  of  the  Foreign  Office. 


BIBUOGRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA.  45 


IL    AUTHORS'  CATALOGUE. 

A  .  .  . — ^Mcnschenfresser  unter  den  Negem  auf  Haiti.  Die  Schwarzen  and  die 
Gelben.     Globus,  vi.  1864,  pp.  182-184.    R.G.S. 

Aa»  Fieter  van  der.— See  Herrera. 

Aekermann,  Ad. — Regenverhaltnisse  von  Port-au-Prince.  Peterm.  Mitth.,  xiv. 
1868,  pp.  382-383.    R.G.S. 

Note, — ^With  table  of  rainfall  and  number  of  rainy  days  from  Aug.  18G3  to 
Dec.  1867.  Dr.  Julius  Hahn  has  incorporated  this  paper  on  pp.  354-355  Hand- 
bucb  der  Kliniatologie,  Stuttgart,  1883.    R.Met.S. 

Adlerstam. — See  Iiedebour. 

AlcedOy  Antonio  de,  ColoneL — ^The  G^eographical  and  Historical  Dictionary  of 
America  and  the  West  Indies,  containing  an  entire  translation  of  the  S])ani8h 
work,  with  large  additions  and  compilations.  By  G.  A.  Thompson.  London  : 
1812-15,  5  vols.  4to.    B.M. 

Note, — Original  Spanish  edition  published  in  1786-9.  Arts.  Domingo  and 
West  Indies. 

Americns. — The  Annexation  of  San  Dominga  The  Galaxy,  New  York,  i.  1871, 
pp.  414-421.     B.M. 

Note. — ^With  official  correspondence  on  the  question, 

Anglerius,  FetroB  Martyr. — Hakluy  t's  Collection  of  Voyages.  London :  1812, 
5  vols.  fol.    B.M. 

Note, — ^The  chief  references  to  Hispaniola,  its  inhabitants,  and  the  doings  of 
the  Spaniards  there,  are  to  be  found  in  the  first  of  his  Decades  of  the  Oceau, 
p.  127  et  seq.  According  to  Muiioz,  they  are  badly  arranged  and  very  mixed. 
Originally  published  in  1511  (T.C.). 

Ansted,  Trot,  M.A.,  F.B.&— A  Few  Words  about  Santo  Domingo.  St, 
James's  Magazme,  i.  1861,  pp.  296-304.    B.M. 

Antunez  y  Aoevedo,  Hafael. — Memorias  historicas  sobre  la  Legislacion  y 
Gobemio  del  O)nmiercio  de  los  Espafioles  con  sus  Colonias  en  las  Indias  Occi- 
dentales.    Madrid:  1797,  4to,  pp.  330 cv.    B.M. 

Note. — With  appendix  (cv.  pp.),  giving  copies  of  the  documents  quoted. 

Archenhoiz,  J.  W.  von. — The  History  of  the  Pirates,  Freebooters,  or  Buccaneers 
of  America.  Translated  from  the  German  by  George  Mason.  London :  1807, 
12mo,  240  pp.     B.M. 

Note. — St.  Domingo  was  at  one  time  the  chief  refuge  of  the  Buccaneers ;. 
hence  the  short  account  of  the  island  (taken  from  Charlevoix).  Also  a  French 
ed.,  Paris,  1804,  8vo.    (A.B.) 

ArdoTiin,  B. — Geographic  de  L'ile  D'Haiti,  pr^c^d^e  du  precis  ct  de  la  date  de 
^Tenements  les  plus  remarquables  de  son  histoire.  Port-au-Prince :  1832,  4to, 
184  pp.    B.M. 

jVbfe. — ^The  chronological  table  extends  from  1492  to  1830 ;  there  is  also  a 
gazetteer  (pp.  106-173),  &c 

Etudes  sur  L'Histoire  d'Haiti  suivies  de  la  vie  du  General  J.  M.  Bor- 

gelia.    Paris :  1853-1860, 11  vols.,  8vo.    B.M. 

Note.'-The  studies  begin  at  the  revolution  of  1789,  and  extend  to  1843. 
The  11th  vol.  wanting  in  B.M. 


46  BiBUOCRAPHV  AND  CARTOGKArHl'  OF  HISPANIOLA. 

Arthaud,  U.D.  at  Cap  Franpaia. — Recherche^  Bur  k  constitution  des  saturels 
lie  Sitint  Domingiie,  sur  leurs  arts,  lear  industrie,  et  leura  moyens  de  subsistence. 
Cap  Francois:  1*8C,  ito.    Kich. 

Description  de  la  bSte  i  mille  pietls  dc  St.  Domingue.    Jonr.  de  Pbya., 

Paris,  xxs.  1787,  pp.  427-428.    R.S. 

Note. — Poljdesmus  Sallei  and  Julus  haltcnsig  nre  described  bj  SauBsuie  in 
pp.  42  and  105  in  Memoirea ,  .  .  L'Hiat,  Nut.  du  Mexiqae,  des  Antilles,  etc 
Geneva :  1860,  4lo.    L.S. 

Observatioaa  sur  les  efleta  da  la  pique    de  raraign&-trabe  des  Auijlles. 

Jonr.  de  Phja.,  Paris,  ssx.  1787,  pp.  422-427.     R.S. 
This  spideris  described  by  Descourtilz,  which  see, 
AugUBt«  (and  others). — Les  Di^tracteurs  de  Ln  Race  Noire  et  de  la  R^publique 
d'Uniti.     Reponses  fi   M.  L6o  Quesnel  (de  la  Revue  politique  et  litti^ire)  par 
Jules  Anguste,  Clement  Denis,  Arthur  Bowler,  Justin  Ddvost,  et  Louia  Joseph 
Janvier,  pr&^-ddes  de  Lettres  de  M.  Scboelcher,  S^oateur,  et  de  M,  le  Dr.  IWtancJiS. 
Paris  1  1882,  2nd  ed.,  l2rao,  185  pp.    B.M. 
B  .  .  . — Memoranda  respecting  Hajti,    Christian  Observer,  London,  1808-1809, 

vii.  pp.  641-643,  704-708,  772-776,  viii.  pp.  20-22  and  81-82.    B.M. 
BarbS  UarbolB. — M^moire    laiss^  par  M.  B',  .  .,  Intendant  &  l^nt-Domingoe. 
[Port-8(i-Prince :  1789]  4to,  15  pp.     B.M. 

Xiite. — A  report  on  the  slate  of  the  Goverument  for  the  useof  his  successors. 

ittat    des    Finances    de    Saint-Douiingue,    Contenant    le     Kesum^  des 

Becettea  et  D^penses  .  ,  ,  10    Nov.  1785-1  Jan.    1788.      Paris:    1T90,  4lo, 
55  pp.    B.M. 

iVofe.— With  12  statistical  tablea. 

Histoire  des    D&aalres    de    Saint     Domingue,    pr&idde  -  d'un     tableaa 

dn    regime    et  des  progr^    de    ccttc    colonie,    depuis  sa   fondalion    Jusqu'jk 
I'fpoque  de  la  revolution  Fran^aise.     Paris:  [1796  ?]  8vo.    Rich. 

Reflexions  sur  la  Colonic  de  Saint    Domingue,   ou    examen    approfondi 

des  causes  de  sa  mine,  et    des  tnesures  adoptes   pour   la    r^tablir ;    termiD^es 
tar  I'uxposiS  rapide  d'un  plan.     Paris;   1791),  2  vols,,  8vo.     Ricli. 

Baroia. — See  Qonaalez  de  Baroia. 

Bamett,  E.,  Capt.  H,N.— The  West  India  Pilot,  Vol.  ii,,  2nd  cd.  London : 
18tj6,  8vo,  5i)2  pp. 

Nile. — 'Pp.  209-288  deal  with  Hispaniola.    A  new  edition  is  in  prejiaratioa. 
Barre  de  St.  Venant — Des  Colonies  Modernea  sous  la  Zone  Torride  et  particnlifere- 

meut  de  cellede  Saint-Domingue.     Paris  :  [1802]  8vo,  510  pp.     Rich. 
Bawkett  and  Placide-Juatin.— Ilistoiro  politique  et  slatistiquB  de  L'ile  d'Hayti, 
Saint  Domingue;  lici'ite  sur  les  documents  oiSciels  et  des  notes  communiqufes  par 
Sir  Jnmus  Bnrskett,  agent   du  Gouvcmedent  Britannique  dans  lea  AntUlea,  par 
Placide-Juatin.    Paris :  1626,  8vo,  547  pp.    B.M. 
Note. — Map  wanting. 
[Bathnrat,  E.] — (Private)  Hiaianiola,  Hayti,  Santo  Domingo.   London :  1861,  8vo, 
88  pp.    P.O. 

A'ole.^An  account  of  the  state  of  the  iainnd  during  the  author's  sojourn 

Beard,  John  B.,  SJ>.— The  Life  of  Tousswnt  L'OuTerture,  the  Negro  Patriot  of 
Hayii ;  comprising  an  account  of  the  struggle  for  liberty  in  the  island,  and  a 
sketch  of  its  hiatwy  to  the  preaent  period,     London ;  1853,  8vo,  33S  pp.    B.M, 


^ 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA,  47 

Beanvais.— See  Falisot  de  Beauvais. 

BaIHw,  j.  js[, — ^Description  des  D^bouquemeus  qui  sont  an  nord  de  Pisle  de  Saint 
Domingue.    Versailles :  1773,  4to,  152  pp.    B.M.,  A.D. 

Note. — With  separate  engraved  title-page,  dated  1768,  and  33  plates  (charts), 
including  the  Bahamas  and  the  Bermudas. 

Benaoni,  Oirolamo. — ^History  of  the  New  World  . . .  translated  and  edited  by 

Bear-Admiral  W.  H.  Smyth.  Haklnyt  Society,  London :  1857, 8vo,  279  pp.   B.M. 

Note, — With  index  and  orig^al  woodcuts.    Pages  13  to  108  are  descriptive 

and  historical  of  S.  Domingo.    The  work  was  originally  published  in  1565  in 

Venice,  entitled  La  Istoria  del  Mondo  Nuova    There  are  numerous  editions 

and  translations. 

BergeaucL — Stella.    Paris :  1859, 12mo.    A.B.,  O.L. — Note.-^A  novel  on  Haytu 

Bergeaud,  J.,  MJ). — ^M^moire  sur  La  Ficvre  Pemideuse  en  Haiti  d'aprds  des 
documents  recuellis  dans  le  sud  de  Pile.    Paris :  1880,  8vo,  139  pp.    B.M. 

BerlioB  d'Auriac,  L — La  Guerre-Noire,  Souvenirs  de  Saint  Domingue.    Paris: 
1862»  12mo,  408  pp.    B.M. 

Note, — A  novel  founded  on  the  incidents  of  the  first  revolution. 

Bert»  Sir  Thoa.— See  Hakluyt. 

Bi^elo^^*  John. — ^The  Wit  and  Wisdom  of  the  Haytians.    Harper's  New  Monthly 
Magazine,  New  York,  11  1875,  pp.  130-13G,  288-291,  438-441,  and  583-587. 


Note, — ^Pure  Haytian  proverbs  collected  by  Mr.  Bigelow, 

Bird,  Bev.  M. — Has  Freedom  in  Hayti  proved  a  Failure?  Methodist  Quarterly 
Review,  New  York,  xliv.  (Fourth  Ser.  xiv.)  1862,  8vo.,  pp.  561-579.    B.M. 

Bisette,  C.  A. — B^futation  du  Livrc  de  M.  V.  Schoelcher  sur  Haiti.  Paris: 
1844,  8vo,  140  pp.    B.M. 

Bland,  Thomas. — On  the  Geographical  Distribution  of  the  Genera  and  Species 
of  Land  Shells  in  the  West  India  Islands,  with  a  Catalogue  of  the  Species  of 
each  Island.  Ann.  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.,  New  York,  vii.  1862,  pp.  335-361. 
Z.S. 

Note, — Includes  Hayti  in  full. 

Notes  on  certain  Terrestrial  Mollusks,  with  Descriptions  of  New  Species. 

Ann.  Lyceum  Nat  Hist,  New  York,  xi.  1876,  pp.  72-87.    Z.S. 
Note, — Includes  some  mollusks  from  Hayti. 

Notes  on  certain  Terrestrial  Mollusks,  with  Descriptions  of  a  New  Species 


of  the  Genus  Amphibulima.    Ann.  Lyceum  Nat.  Hist.,  New  York,  xL  1876, 
pp.  197-200.    Z.S. 

Note, — ^Includes  some  mollusks  from  Hayti. 

Notes  on  the  Sub-Generic  Character  of  Helix  Jamaicensis,  Chennu ;  and 


on  cert^n  Terrestrial  Mollusks  from  Hayti.    Ann.  Lyceum  Nat  Hist,  New 
York,  xi.  1876,  pp.  146-154.    Z.S. 

Boisrond-Tonnerre. — ^M^moires  pour  servir  d  l*histoire  de  Ha'iti.  Port-au-Prince  : 
1804.    A.B. 

Boiarond-Tonnerre  and  St.  Bemy. — ^Mtooires  pour  servir  k  THistoire  d'Haiti 
par  Boisrond-Tonnerre  pr^c^es  de  diffdrents  actes  politiques  dus  a  sa  plume,  ct 
tl'une  £tude  Historique  et  Critique  par  Saint-Remy  (des  Cayes,  Haiti).  Paris : 
1851, 12mo,  108  pp.    B.M. 

2iote, — This  deals  with  the  revolution  and  the  first  years  of  independence. 


48  BlBUOGRAl'ilV  ANft  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPAKIOLA. 

Bona,  Felix  de. — Cuba,  Santo-Domingo  y  Puerto  Bico.     Madrid:  I86I,  6vo, 
155  pp.    B.M. 

Hole. — Pp.  1-49  dual  with  St.  Doming  B«public,  itB  finances.  Sec.,  and  its 
incorporation  with  the  Spanish  crown.  Sec. 
Bonne. — Sec  Baynal. 

Bonneau.  Alexandre. — Lcs  inti5ru(a  fran^ais  et  europcens  H  SantoDotniugo. 
Paria:  1861,  8 vo.     A.B. 

Haiti,   Sea    Progrfes— Sou  Avenir.       Avec  nn  prtcis  hiatoriqne  snr  Bee 

CoastltDtions,   Le   Texte   de   la  Constitution   octuellemcnt   en  Tigiiear   et  une 
Bibliographic  d'Halti.    Paris ;  1862,  8?o,  176  pp.     B.M. 

Note.— Thia  amall  Bibiiosraphy  is  largely  aided  by  that  of  Le  Pelletier 
de  St.  Betny. 
Bonnet,  Edm.— Souvenirs  do  G.  J.  Bonnet.  .  .  .    Documents  relatifs  ^  tout«3  les 
phases  de  la  BfiTolution  de  Saint  Domingue,  recuellis  et  mis  en  ordre  par.. . . 
Paria  ;  1864,  8vo,  sxiii.  +  502  pp.    B.SI. 
BoBBli  Xiulgl. — Vita  di  Cristoforo  Colombo  scritta  o  conedala  di  uuove  osserTazioni 
di  note  storico-crittclie  e  di  on  .ippendice  di  document!  ran  o  inedita.     Mihm  : 
1818,  8vo,  255  pp.    B.M. 

A'ote.— This  gives  a  short  account  of  the  island,  together  with  the  doings  of 
0.  C.  and  his  follDwers  there. 
Bourdieu,  Ii.  Du,  Capitaine  de  Vaissenu.^Notes  aur  Quelquea  Porta  de  Hie  de 
Halli.    Extrait  des  Aunales  Maiitimes  et  Coloniales,  Novembre  1844.    Paris : 
1844,  8vo,  19  pp.    R.G.S. 
Bourgeoia. — See  N.  .  .  .  [TJougaret] 
Bourguignoa  d'Anville,  J.  B. — Sec  Cliarlevoix. 
Bouvet,    Ii. — E.tptaition    Uuiver&clle    de    1867.     Kepubliiiue    d'Haiti.     Notice 

Slatistiqne  et  Catalogne.    Paris :  1867,  8vo,  15  pp.    B.M. 
Bowler.— Sec  Auguste. 

Boyer,  J.  P. — Circulaires  du.  Pr&ident  d'Halti  aux  ComnmndaDs  d'Arrondisse- 
ratnU,  Sur  I'Agriculture.    Port-au-Prince :  1831, 12rao.  10  (>p.     B.M. 
Xtile. — On  the  enconragement  of  agriculture, 

Eipublique  d'Hayti, — Loi   sur  i'lnstruction  publique.      Pon-au-Prince  : 

1820,  8vo,  9  pji.    B.M. 

Note, — No  title-page. 
Pitees  Officiflllea  relatives  aux  Negociations  du  Qonvemement  Fran^ais  avec 

le  Gouvemement  Hattien,  pour  tralter  de  la  formalitc  de  la  Becoonaismnce  de 

rindOpendance  d'HaVii.    Port-au-Prince :  1824,  4to,  84  pp.    B.M. 
■  The  Rural  Code  of  Haiti ;  in  French  and  English  with  a  prefatoiy  letter  [by 

the  translator]  to  the  Right  Hon,  the  Earl  of  Balhurat    London :  1827,  8to, 

100  pp.     B.M. 

See  lUso  Wallen. 

Brandt,  J.  P. — Do  Solenodonto  Novo  Msimaliuiii   Insectivonim  Generp.    Mem. 
Acad.  Imp,  Sciences,  St.  I'eterabuTS,  4tli  ser.,  ii.  1833,  pp.  459-478.     R.S. 

Xotr, — The  specimen  ivas  forwarded   by  Jaeger  from  Hayti.     With  two 

plates,     reters,  Mivart,  and  Dolison  have  since  described  this  imtnimal  peculiar 

to  Cuba  and  Hayti. 

Breton,  J.  B.  J. — See  Edwards. 


A 


BIBUOGRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHY'  OF  HISPANIOLA.  19 

Brewer. — See  Kolb. 

Brinton,  D.  Q.,  MJ). — ^The  Arawak  Language   of  Guiana....      Philadelphia: 
1871,  4to,  18  pp.    B.M. 

Note. — Contains  a  Tocabulary  of  the  liaytian  language,  and  comparison  with 
the  Arawak,  &c. 

BrittanziiciLS. — ^The  Dominican  Bepublic  aind  the  Emperor  Soulouque;  being 
Remarks  and  Strictures  on  the  Misstatements,  and  a  Refutation  of  the  Calumnies 
of  M.  D'Alaux  in  the  article  under  the  above  title  in  the  Reyue  des  deux  Mondes ; 
preceded  by  a  precise  account  of  the  Historical  Events  of  the  Dominican  Republic, 
and  a  glance  at  the  Peninsula  of  Samana,  by  Brittannicus.  Phil. :  1852,  8vo, 
72  pp.     R.G.S.,  P.O. 

[Bpomme.] — Travail  en  socidtd  h  HaUi.  Nouv.  Ann.  des  Voyages,  Paris,  xxxii. 
1826,  pp.  121-122. 

Note, — On  Communal  agriculture  on  the  island. 

Bro'wxi,  Jonathan,  M.D. — The  History  and  Present  Condition  of  St.  Domingo. 
Philadelphia :  1837,  2  vols.  12mo.     B.M. 

Note. — Very  few  references  to  authorities. 

Bro'wn,  William  Wells. — St.  Domingo:  Its  Revolutions  and  its  Patriots.  A 
lecture,  delivered  before  the  Metropolitan  Athenaeum,  London,  May  16,  and  at 
St.  Thomas'  Church,  Philadelphia,  December  20,  1854.  Boston:  1855,  87o, 
pp.  38.    B.M. 

Bry,  Thiodore  de. — See  Herrera. 

Bryant,  Henry,  Dr. — ^A  List  of  the  Birds  of  St.  Domingo,  with  Descriptions  of 
some  New  Species  or  Varieties.  Proc  Boston  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  xi.  1868,  pp.  89- 
98.     L.S. 

[Burke,  £dm.] — An  Account  of  the  European  Settlements  in  America.  In  six 
parts. . . .     London  ?  1757,  2  vols.  8 vow    B.M. 

Bumey,  James,  F.B.S.,  AdmiraL — ^A  Chronological  History  of  the  Discoveries 
in  the  South  Sea  or  Paci6c  Ocean.    London :  1803-17,  5  vols.  4to.    B.M. 

Note. — With  Index.  Vol.  iv.  (ch.  ii.  and  iii.)  gives  a  review  of  the 
Dominion  of  the  Spaniards  in  Hayti  or  Hispaniola,  «.^c. 

C  •  *  *  ,  F. — Soir^Bermudi«nnes,ouEntretienssurle?^venementsqui  ont  op<5re 
la  mine  de  la  partie  fran9suse  de  Tisle  Saint  Domingtie.  Bordeaux  :  1802,  8vo, 
pp.  xlii.  and  306.    B.M. 

Histoire  des  ddsastres  de  Saint  Domingue.   Ouvrage  oil  I'on  expose  les  causes 

des  ces  ev^nemens,  &c.    Bordeaux :  1802,  8vo,  pp.  42  and  306.     Bich. 
Note, — This  work  is  probably  the  same  as  the  one  quoted  above. 

C,  Q.  W.— See  W.,  P.  and  C,  Q.  W. 

Cabot. — See  Hakluyt. 

Calendar  of  State  Papers,  Colonial  Series,  America  and  the  West  Indies.  Edited 
by  W.  Noel  Sainsbury.    London,  8vo.    B.M. 

Note,—\vL  two  vols.  Vol.  i.  1860,  contains  the  documents  dated  from 
1574-16C0,  and  vol.  ii.  1880,  contains  those  dated  1661-1668.  The  General 
Indexes  to  these  volumes  are  exceptionally  good.  The  reader  will  find  references 
to  Hispaniola  under  the  titles  His^mniola  (2),  St,  Domingo,  San  Domingo  and 
Tortuga  (2). 

Calle. — Sec  Diaz  de  la  Calle. 

YOL.   IL  E 


50  BIBLIOGRAI'HV  A-VD  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPAMOI.A. 

[Csjopbell,  J.]~A  CoHCise  History  of  the  Spanish  America ;  contnining  n  succinct 
lalalion  of  llie  discovery,  Bettlcment.  .  .  .     London:  1741,  8to,  tIi.  and  330  pp. 
B.M. 
Candler,   Jolm.— Brief  Notices  of  Hayti ;   with  its  Cocdilion,  Besourcea,  and 
Prospects.     London  :  1842,  12uio,  175  pp.    B.M.,  AJ. 

J^'rfe.— Reviewed  in  Foreign  Quarterly  Review,  xssiii.  1844,  pp.  443-458, 
n.M,     Also  Monthly  Review,  clviii,  (vol,  ii.  new  ser.X  London,  1812,  pp.  531- 
541,  and  Eclectic  Review,  slii.  1842,  pp.  104-llT,  B.M. 
Carderera. — Infonne  sobrc  ios  retratos  de  Crialobal  Colon.     Madrid  ;  1851,     P.H, 
Cairanaa.— See  Qonzales. 

Caro,  E.  M.— Paint  Dominique  et  lea  Domioicaains,    Paris:  185.3,  ICrao.     O.L. 
Casaa,  Baxtholom^  de  las.  Bishop  of  Chiapa. — BrevUsima  relacion  de  la 
desCruycioQ  de  las  Indios.    Sevilb:  irj52,  4to.    B.M. 

Niilt, — Describes  the  barbarous  aanihilatjoa  of  the  aborigines  of  Hayti, 
Cuba,  New  Spaiu,  5:c.,  &c.  Jacques  de  Miggrode  published  a  translation  in 
French,  entitled :  Tyrannies  et  cruautcs  des  Espagnola,  8vo,  Antwerp,  1579. 
B.M.     Tbere  are  several  editione,  copies,  and  translations  in  B.M.  ^H 

Hisloire  dea  Indes  Occidentalcs.  .  , ,     Lyon;  1642,  8vo,  209  pp.  ^| 

iVo(e.— Pp.  15-26  deal  wltli  Hispaniola,  ^M 

Historia  de  las  Indios.    In  vols.  Ixii.-ljiv.  of  Coleccion  de  Documentoe 

Indditos  para  La  Historia  du   I^);paiia,  edited  hy  Fernandez  de  Navaretle  and 
others.    Madrid :  1875,  8vo.    B.M. 

Noit. — This  history  waw  written  between  the  years  1552  and  15G1,  and  is 
now  Grat  printed.  The  account  of  Hispaiiiola  coitimeuces  at  clmp.  xliii.  of  the 
first  volurae. 

— See  also  Varahagen,  Helps,  Herrera. 

Casaagnao. — See  Oranier  de  Caesagnao. 

Caatro,  M.  F.  de.— Nota  aobrc  l^i  geologia  de  Santo  Domingo.     Revistn  Uinera, 
Madrid,  1862  and  18G3,  siii.  pp.  033-042,  692-G99,  720-738,  and  siv.  pp.  42-51 
and  65-73.    Sch.M. 

Note. — A  paper  read  before  tiie  Aeaiieniy  of  Medical,  Physical,  and  Xaluml 
Sdences  of  Havannah. 
— — —  Noliciiis  geograficaa  de  la  isla  de  Santo  Domingo.     Bol.  Soc.  Geogr.  Madrid, 
vL  1879,  pp.  317-339,  map.    R.G.S. 

Note. — The  name  is  incorrectly  given  as  Gastro  by  Pctermann. 

Ceriaier,  Lauriaton. — Biogrnphie  d' Alexandra  Potion. 

A'oie.— Quoted  by  St.  Riimy. 
Ch  •  •  *  •  ■  *,  Cli,  de.— Plan  de  Constitution  pour  la  colonie  de  Saint  Domingui-, 

4c    Paris:  1791,  8vo,  pp.  140.    B.M. 
ChalmerB,  ColoneL — lieioarks  on  the  late  war  in  Bt.  Domingo,  with  observations 

on  the  relative  situation  of  Jamaica,  and  other  interesting  subjects,    London :  1803, 

8vo.    Bicb. 
Champltn,  John  D.,  jun. — Encyclopiedia  Brilannica,  9th  cd.  London :  xi.  1680. 

B.M. 

Aoie.— Pp.  543-540  deal  with  Hayti ;  with  a  map  (PL  XIIL  faoine  p.  528). 
Chanca,— See  Major,  Soillaoio. 


BIBUOGRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA.  51 

ChArlemagne,  Fliil6inon.~Ro7aume  d*Hayti.  Refutation  D'nn  £crit  de  Char- 
ranlt,  ex  colon,  intituM:  Coup  d'ceil  sur  St.-Domingue.  [Cap-Henry:  1820?], 
870,  9  pp.     B.M. 

Note, — No  title-page. 

Charlevoix,  Pierre  Francois  Xavier  de.  Priest.— Histoire  de  Tlsle  Espagnole 
oa  de  S.  Domingue.  l^crite  particuliSroment  sur  lea  M^moires  Manuscrits  du 
P.  Jean-Baptiste  Le  Pent,  J^aite,  Missionnaire  &  Saint-Domingue,  et  sur  les 
Pieces  Originales,  qui  seconserventauD^potde  la  Marine.  Paris:  1730  and  1731, 
2  Tola.  4to.     B.M.    [Amsterdam :  1833,  4  vols.  12mo.    A.B.] 

NoU, — History  commences  with  the  discovery  of  the  island.  Contains 
numerous  maps,  by  Bourguignon  d*Anville,  and  plans,  and  separate  copious 
indexes  to  each  volume.  According  to  Margry  (which  see)  Le  Pers*  MSS.  are 
still  in  existence  and  are  worthy  of  publication,  as  the  author  repudiated 
Charlevoix's  edition  of  them. 

Chamilly. — See  Venaiilt  de  Chamilly. 

Charolais. — ^L*Ind4pendanoe  d'Halti  et  la  France.    Paris :  1861,  8vo,  32  pp.   B.M. 
Note. — On  the  results  of  the  annexation  of  St.  Domingo  to  Spain. 

Charotte,  Peter  8. — ^Historical  Sketches  of  the  Revolution,  and  the  Foreign  and 
Civil  Wars  in  the  Island  of  St.  Domingo.    New  York :  1840  (?),  8vo.    Rich. 

CSiarraiilt. — See  Charlemagne. 

Cliarton,  Edouard. — ^Voyageurs  anciens  et  modernes  ou  choix  des  relations  de 
voys^es  les  plus  interressantes  et  les  plus  instructives,  &c.  Paris :  1854-57, 
4  vols.  8vo.    B.M. 

Note. — Vol.  iii.  (pp.  76-191)  gives  a  new  account  of  Columbus's  four 
voyages  and  a  description  of  Hispaniola,  from  most  authentic  sources.  On 
pp.  189-191  there  is  a  bibliography  of  the  older  writers  on  the  life  and  dis- 
coveries of  Columbus  (including  numerous  works  on  Hispaniola). 

Oliastenet-Pays^gn^,  A.  H.  A.  de. — ^Instructions  nautiques  sur  les  Cdtes  et  les 
D^bouquements  de  Saint-Domingue,  avec  le  detail  de  la  position  des  principaux 
points  qui  out  servi  de  base  ^  la  construction  des  cartes  publics,  en  1787,  au 
dep6t  g^n^ral  des  cartes  et  plans  de  la  Marine  et  des  Colonies ;  •  •  •  public,  pour 
1a  premiere  fois,  par  ordre  du  roi,  en  1787.    Paris :  1821,  8vo,  259  pp.    B.M. 

Detail  sur  la  navigation  aux  cdtes  de  S.D.  et  dans  ses  d^bouquemens.    Paris : 

1787,  4to,  81  pp.    A.D. 

Note. — With  atlas  entitled  Le  Pilote  de  I'isle  de  Saint  Domingue.  .  .  . 
18  pp.  with  6  plates.  A.D.  M.  Charles  de  Monmonier  translated  it  into 
English :  A  Treatise  upon  the  Navigation  of  St.  Domingo.  Baltimore :  1802, 
8vo.    Rich. 

Cbauclieprat,  C.  F.,  I«ieuten€Uit. — Routier  des  lies  Antilles,  des  Cdtes  de  Terre 
Ferme,  &c.    3rd  ed.    Paris :  1829, 8vo,  608  pp.    B.M. 

Note. — From  the  Spanish.  Author's  name  not  given.  Pp.  102-150  deal 
with  the  navigation  round  St  Domingo.    With  Index. 

Chevalier. — Lettres  k  M.  de  Jean,  etc.  I.  Sur  les  Maladies  de  Saint-Domingue. 
II.  Sur  les  Plantes  de  la  mSme  lie,  etc.     Paris  :  1752, 12mo,  254  pp.    Rich,  K.G. 

Cliotard,  aind. — Dissertation  sur.Ja  N^cessit^  de  I'ouverture  des  ports  de  Saint 
Domingue  k  toutes  les  nations.  Servant  de  suite  k  la  question  de  la  garantic  de  la 
E6pu.blique  fran^aise  dans  ses  colonies  des  Antilles.  Paris :  [1797],  8vo,  24  pp. 
B.1L 

s  2 


52  IHBLIOGKAPHY  ASP  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPAKIOLA. 

Christophe.    Ste  Harvey.  Henry,  W.  (F,),  and  C.  (G.  W.) 

[ChurohiU,  A.  and  J.]— A  CollectioD  of  Vojaget  iind  Traveld.  Some  eow  first 
printed  from  Original  Manuscripts,  Others  traoslnted;  &c  Ijondcpn  :  1704-1732, 
6  vols.  fo!.     B.M, 

Note. — With  Indexes.  Vol.  ii.  (pp.  557-088)  coiilains  a  new  tranBlation  of 
Ferd.  Columbua's  life  of  his  Falhcr,  nnd  of  the  diBcoveries  iti  the  W.  Indiw.  It 
includes  F.  Bamon  Pane's  account  of  the  ahorigitiea  of  HiBpaniola  (pp.  622- 
633).  Vol.  V.  [pp.  591-640)  givea  Herrera's  account  of  ColumbuB'  discoveries 
n-ith  the  account  of  Hispanioia. 
[Cinna  le  Conte,  grandson  of  Dessalinea  P] — Les  Principes  de  RiSvolntioaa  en 

Haiti.     Privately  printed.     S.H. 
Olark,  B.  C. — A  Plea  for  Hajti,  with  a  glance  at  her  telationa  witli   France, 
England,  and  the  United  Stales,  for  the  lost  sUty  years.     Boston :  1S53,  Svu, 
50  pp.     B.M. 
Cobbet,  W.— Sec  Moreau  de  Saint-M^ry. 

Cocchia,  Boque,  Monsefior. — IjOb  Hestoa  de  Cristobal  t'l^lon  eti  la  Caledral  du 
Santo  Domingo,     (.'on  testae  ion  al  infomie  de  la  real  acadumia  de  la  Historia  al 
Gobernia  da  S.M.  el  Key  de  Espoilii.    Santo  Domingo  :  1870,  Svo,  339  pp,     F.O. 
[CoetiTy  and  others.] — Mdinoire  do  Second  Bataillon  dn  Neiivifime  Bigiment 
d'Infanterie,  arrivant  de  Saint  Domiague.     [Paris?  1792'']  4to,  70  pp.     B.M. 
Note. — With  apiiendices  including  proclamations  by  Mirheck,  Soume,  and 
Saint-Leger, 
Coke,  Thomas,  IJj.D,— A  History  of  the  West  Indies.     Liverpool:   1808-11, 
3  vols.  Svo.     B.M. 

Note.— Vol.  iii.  (chaps,  xlv.-lv.,  pp.  304-530)  deals  with  Hispaniola. 
Colurabua.— See  Colombo. 

Colombo,  Christofero. — See Boasi, Carderera,  Charton,  Churchill.  Coeohia, 
Duro,  Fernandez  da  Navarett«,  Fernandez  de  Ovledo  y  Valdez,  Gon- 
zalez,  GryneeuB,   Harrisse,    Helps,    Herrera,   Irving,  Kettell,    Hi^or, 
Ogilby,    Pinkerton,    Hoaelly   de    t-orgueB,    Scillaeio,    Twias,    Tejera, 
Vamhagen,  Vega. 
Coma,  G. — See  Scillaeio. 
Coiiant,  B.  S. — Sec  Hazard. 
Conrad,  T.  A. — Remarks  on  the"  Tertiary  Strata  of  St.  Dotningoand  Vickhurg, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sciences,  PliiUdelphia,  vi.  1854,  pp.  108-199,    L.S. 
Contzen,  Heinr. — Haiti  und  seine  Itasienkampfe,  bistorisch  entwickelt.   Colc^ne  : 

1863.    J,C. 
Cope,  B-  D. — S^jnopsis  of  the  Species  of  Holcosue  and  Ameiva,  with  Diagnoaea  of 
now  West  Indian  and  Scratli  AnierioflQ  Coliibridie,      Proc.  Acad.  Kat.    Sciences, 
Philadelphia,  1863,  pp.  60-fi2.    L.S. 

Note. — Several  Haytian  species  are  hero  deBCril>ed. 

Contributions  to  the  Herpotology  of  Tropical  America.    Proc.  Acad.  Nnt. 

Science,  Philadelphia,  186'!,  pp.  166-181 ;  1866,  pp.  123-133.    L.S. 
Note. — Includes  specimens  from  Hayti. 

Seventh  Contribution  to  the  Herpetology  of  Tropical  America.    Pcoc  Amw. 

Pl.il.  Soc.,  Philadelphia :  xi.  1871,  pp.  147-166.    L.S. 

Note. — A  new  froj;  from  Hayti,  found  by  W.  M.  Gabb,  is  Ijcre  described,  J] 


'coc  Amw.^l 
!scribed,  J^^H 


BIBUOGRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA.  53 

Cope,  £.  D. — Ninth  Contribution  to  the  Herpetology  of  Tropical  America.    Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Science^  Philadelphia,  1871,  pp.  200-227.    L.S. 

iVofe.— On  pp.  218-220  are  described  the  new  species  collected  by  W.  M. 
Gabb. 

Connier. — M^moire  sur  la  situation  de  Saint  Domingue  A  T^poque  du  mois  de 
janviff  1792.    Paris :  1792,  8vo,  72  pp.    B.M. 

Cory,  Clias.  B. — The  Birds  of  Haiti  and  San  Domingo.  Boston :  1885,  4to, 
ld8  pp.    B.M. 

Note. — ^A  sumptuous  work,  with  23  hand-coloured  plates  and  index.    The 
birds  are  scientifically  described,  but  notes  on  habits  are  meagre. 

Cotterel,  F.  F. — Esquisse  Historique  dcs  Principaux  £v^nemens  arrives  k  Saint- 
Domingue  depuis  Tincendie  du  Cap  jusqu'^  I'expulsion  de  Sonthonax ;  leurs  causes, 
leoTB  effets.  Situation  actuelle  de  cette  colonic  et  moyens  d'y  rdtablir  la  tran- 
quillity.   Paris :  an  vi.  [1798],  8vo,  68  pp,    B.M. 

Cooa,  Juan  de  la. — See  Major. 

Gdalom — See  OarraxL 

Ck>iirtiie79  W.  8.— The  Gold  Fields  of  St  Domingo ;  with  a  description  of  the 
agricultural,  commercial,  and  other  advantages  of  Dominica.  And  containing 
some  account  of  its  climate,  seasons,  soil,  mountains,  and  its  principal  cities,  rivers, 
bays,  and  harbours.    New  York :  1860, 12  mo,  144  pp.    B3I. 

Hote, — It  does  not  appear  that  the  author  visited  the  island.    With  map. 

Cousin  d'AvaUon. — Histoire  de  Toussaint-Louverture.  Paris:  1802,  12mo. 
A-L. 

Note. — Compare  with  24. 

Cromwell.— See  Pinkerton. 

Cvxvier,  F. — Caract^res  du  genre  Plagiodonte  et  description  du  Plagiodonte  des 
Habitations,  Plagiondia  asdium,  Ann.  des  Sciences  Naturelles,  Paris,  2nd  ser., 
▼L  1836,  pp.  347-353.    Z.S. 

Note, — The  specimen  was  sent  from  Hayti  by  M.  Ricord. 

ly  Alanx,  OuBtave. — ^L*£mpereur  Soulouque  et  son  Empire.    Paris :  1856,  8voI 

A-B. 

Note, — Reprinted  from  Revue  des  deux  Mondes. 

I>aJ2XLa8. — Histoire  de  la  Revolution  de  Saint-Domingue,  depuis  le  commencement 
des  troubles,  jusqu'^  la  prise  de  J^r^mie  et  du  mole  S.  Nicolas  par  les  Anglais : 
suivi  d'un  Mdmoire  sur  le  R^tablissement  de  cette  Colonic.  Paris  :  1814,  2  vols. 
8vo.     B.M. 

Note, — ^With  two  statistical  tables  by  M.  Wante. 

ri>e  la  Croix.] — ^M^moire  d'un  Am^ricain,  avec  une  description  de  la  Prusse  et  de 
Itsle  de  St.  Domingue.    Lausanne :  1771, 2  parts  in  1  vol.,  12mo.    Rich. 

X>elonne,  D. — 1a  mis^re  au  sein  des  richesses.  Reflexions  diverses  sur  Haiti. 
Paris :  1870, 8vo.    O.L. 

l>elva»  A. — Considerations  sur  I'article  7  de  la  constitution  d'Haiti.  Paris :  1873, 
8vo.    O.L. 

J>eni8. — See  Augoste. 

I>*Eimery,  Comte.— Royaume  d'Hayti   •  .    .    Lettre  du  Comte  D'Ennery  .    .  . 

A  son  ami  le  C.  (?)  de  R (?)  k  Londres,  sur  les  Hants  faits  et  Prouesses  militdres 

du  General  Desfoumeaux,  k  Hayti.    [Cap-Henry :  1815]  8vo,  23  pp.    B.M. 
Note. — No  title-page. 


Si 


BIBLIOGBAPHV  ASD  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISP.YSIOLA. 


D'Eanery,  Comte. — Seo  also  La  Mardelle. 

J>e  Fradt. — Fikus  Itolatives  ^  Saiat  Dominie  et  i  VAm^riqiie,  maee  en  ordre  par 
a.  di!  Pradt,  ancien  archevEque  de  MalincH ;  pour  faire  suite   t  sea  ouvn^es  sur 
TAini-rique.     IVis;   1818,  8vo.    Rich.,  AX. 
Do  Prat.— Seo  Lamartine  de  Prat. 

DeBcourtils,  SL  S. — Voyages  d'un  Kntaralisle,  el  ses  obecrratioos.  Faiia :  1809, 
3  vols.  8vo.    B.M. 

Note. — The  mtt.  hist,  account  of  St.  ]>omiiigo  begins  with  vol.  iL  In  vol. 
iii.  tbc  liabitH  of  the  slaves  are  dcaciibed,  and  an  account  of  the  revolntion  is 
given.     The  notes  on  tie  aborigines  are  apparently  from  hearsay, 

Flore  Pittoresque  et  M^dical-a  dea  Antilles,  ou  Histoire  Xalurello  des  plantea 

UBuelles  des  Colonies  Fran^aises,  Aagl^Ees,  Eap^nolcs  et  Portugaiseii.    Paris : 
1833  (1827  and  1829),  8  vols.  8vo.     B.M. 

Note. — With  an  index,  anil  coloured  plate  for  every  plant  described.  Grisc- 
bacli  says  the  jilotes  are  execrable. 
Desert,  Enoch.— Lea  IMfonaea  Pinanciferes  de  b  BSpubliq^ue  d'Hatti.    FUU: 
1879,  8vo.,  ^44  pp.     B.M.  ^^M 

Note, — An  exhaustive  crLlioiam.  ^^^H 

Bsaportos.— See  Foupp^Desportes.  ^^H 

QeBaalines. — See  Dubroca,  Taste;. 

BesBalles,  AdrieiL — IliBtoire  Gdoerale  dcs  Antilles.  Paris :  164 T-8, 5  vols.  8ro^ 
D.M. 

Nott, — In  vols.  It  ii.,  iv.,  and  v.  are  several  cliapters  devoted  exclnsvely  to 
St.  Dominga    Tlie  author  has  drawn  chiefly  from  Moreau  de  St.  Mfiry'a  works 
and  from  the  Archives  de  la  Marine,  Paris.    Vol.  v.  is  by  F.  n.  Doasallea. 
SevOBt. — See  Aiiguat«. 

Dhormoys,  Paul.^Une  visile  chez  Soulouque.    Souvenirs  d'un  voyage  dans  Pile 
.    d'Hafti.     New  e.L,  Paris  :  1864,  Svo,  256  pp.     B.M. 

Note. — The  first  edition  (1859)  contained  [?]  a  chapter  on  the  Vaudoui 
worship.  The  second  edition  is  entitled,  L'Empire  de  Soulonque.  Paris: 
1862,  fol.,  45  pp.    B.M. 

Sous  lea  Tropiques.    Souvenirs  de  Voyage,    Paris  :  1864,  Svo,  252  pp.    B.M, 

ATota. — Pp.  140-162  deal  with  Vaudoui  worship,  extracted  from  the  firet 

oditioa  of  TJne  visile  ohez  Soutouque.     The  third  part,  pp.  202-252,  is  called 

Qne  R^pnbliquB  anx  Enchfirea  (Santana  et  lea  Dominicains),  reprinted  from 

the  Itevue  Europeenne,  and  relates  to  the  cession  of  St.  Domingo  to  the  Spanish. 

Dias  da  la  Calle,  Juan.— Memorial  Informatorio.     [Madrid  ?] :   1645,  4to,  32 

folios.     B.M. 

Note, — Tlie  civil  list  for  the  Spanish  Indies  (including  St.  Domingo,  &c.). 

—  Memorial  y  Noticiaa  Sacras  j  Itcalea  del  Imperio  de  las  IndJas  OccidentalcH. 

Escorial :  164G,  4to,  190  folios.    B.M. 

Dorro-SoulaBtre. — Voyage  par  terre  do  Santo  Domingo,  capitale  de  la  partie 
KapiLgnole  do  Saint  Dumingue,  Au  Cap  Franf-ais,  Capitale  de  ta  jiartio  Franfaise 
de  la  mStne  tale.     Paris:  1809,  8vo,  407  pp.     RM. 

Note. — With  Juan  Nieto'a  account  of  the  mines  in  the  SjaniBU  colony. 

Drake-^ee  Hakluyt. 


BIBUOGRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA.  65 

Drouin  de  Bercy. — De  Saint  Domingue,  de  ses  guerres,  de  ses  revolutions,  de  ses 
ressources  et  des  moyens  h  prendre  pour  y  retablir  la  paix  et  Tindustrie.  Paris  : 
1814,  8vo.     A.B. 

Dubroca,  Iiouis. — La  Vie  de  Toussaint  L*Ouverture,  chef  des  noirs  insurges  de  St. 
Domingue ;  snivi  de  notes  pr^ieuses  sur  S.  D.,  sur  plusieurs  personnages  qui  ont 
joue  un  role  dans  cette  lie  et  des  premieres  operations  du  g^n^ral  Leclerc.  Paris : 
X.  (1802),  Svo,  74  pp.    A.L.,  A.B. 

La    vie    de    J.    J.   Dessalines,    chef    des    noirs    r^volt^    de    Saint 

Domingue,  avec  des  notes  trds  d^tailldes  sur  Torigine,  le  caract^re,  la  vie  et  les 
atrocity  des  principaux  chefs  des  noirs  depuis  Tinsurrection  de  1792.  Paris : 
1S04, 12mo.    Rich. 

Leben  des  J.  J.  Dessalines  oder  Jacob  des  Ersten  Kaysers  von  Hayti  (St. 

Domingo).  Nebst  Darstellung  der  Schreckenscencn,  wolche  walu^nd  des  Auf- 
standes  der  Neger  daselbst  vorgefallen  sind.  Leipzig :  1805,  8vo,  162  pp. 
B.M. 

Note, — ^Translation  from  the  French,  by  K.  L.  M.  Mtiller,  with  Dessalines* 
portrait. 

D.  B.  [Du  Buisson] — Nouvelles  Considerations  sur  Saint  Domingue,  en  reponse  ^ 
celle  de  M.  H.  D.  [Hilliard  D'Auberteuil].    Paris :  1780,  8vo,  2  parts.    Rich. 

I>ucas8e. — See  Maxgiy. 

I>ucoBiiijoly,  8.  J. — Manuel  des  Habitans  de  Saint  Domingue.  Paris:  1802, 
an  X.,  2  vols.  8vo.     B.M. 

Note. — The  introduction  (ccviii.  pp.)  consists  of  an  historical  and  a  statis- 
tical account.  The  slave  system  and  home  products  are  described,  as  are  also 
the  social  state  and  the  climate.  Pouppe-Desportes'  medical  treatise  is  incor- 
porated in  the  work,  and  a  Pidgin-French  vocabulary  given.    Map  wanting. 

I>Tifotir  de  Fradt.— See  De  Fradt. 

IHiinaSy  Mathieu. — Pr^is  des  Evdn^ments  Militaires  on  Essais  Historiques  sur  les 
Campagnes  de  1799  IL 1814.    Paris:  1817-1826, 19  vols.  8vo.    B3L 

N0U.—Y0I  viii.,  pp.  65, 110-280,  303-337, 467-480 ;  vol.  xi.  pp.  Ill,  115- 
122 ;  vol.  XV.  pp.  86-88  deal  with  Uispaniola.  In  the  atlas  are  a  map  of  the 
island,  one  of  the  French  possessions  there,  two  charts  and  a  map  of  the  West 
Indies,  all  drawn  and  engraved  by  Tardieu. 

lyumesle. — See  Herard-Dumesle. 

I>tincazi«  P.  Martin. — On  the  Fossil  Corals  of  the  West  Indian  Islands.  Quart. 
Jour.  Geol.  Soc.,  xix.  1863,  pp.  406-458 ;  xx.  1864,  pp.  20-44  and  358-374 ;  and 
xxiv.  1868,  pp.  9-33. 

Note. — ^The  San  Domingo  fossils  occupy  a  prominent  position  in  this  paper. 
With  numerous  plates. 

I^uponty  Ii.  A. — Premidre  Ann4e.  Annuaire  d'Haiti  1878.  Port-au-Prince :  1878, 
8yo,  199  pp.    F.O. 

IXlto,  Cesareo  Fernandez. — Colon  y  Pinzon.  Madrid:  1885  (1883?),  fol.» 
167  pp. 

jVo(«.— Quoted  by  J.  F.  Riailo  in  AtheTiasum,  No.  3036,  p.  26,  and  P.M. 

Colon  y  la  Historia  Postuma.    Madrid :  1885. 

^oto.--Quoted  by  J.  F.  Riafio  in  Athmmum,  No.  3036,  p.  26. 


55  UIBLIOGRAPHY  AKD  CAilTfXiUAFHy  OF  HISl'AKIOLA. 

Du  Tertre,  Jean  Baptiste. — Uistoire  O^n^rale  ilea  AaUIsles  habil^  pnr  les 

FmnfoiB.     Pnris:  16!iT-71,  4  vols.  4to.     B.M. 

Nofe. — Tiiis  wovk  la  btifiGd  ou  the  author's  Hlstoire  Gt^Derale  doa  IbIbs  de 
S.  Christopbe,  Paris.  1654,  4io,  487  pp.,  B.U.  Id  the  H.  0.  des  AoCiileB.  vol.  i. 
chap.  Ti.  (pp.  188-188)  deals  with  the  Freuch  defent  of  the  Spaaiah  and 
the  French  srttleiiienl,  on  the  island  Tortoe  (Tortuga);  vol.  ii.  ^p.  30-31) 
pvee  a  deecriptian  of  the  island  Tortue;  vol.  iii.  (pp.  12f>'lG4J  describes  the 
state  of  the  island,  the  defeat  of  the  English  there,  &a 

Duvert,  P.,  et  Lauzanne.— La  Fin  d'line  RijiiTbliiiue,  ou  Haiti  en  1849 ; 
A-propos-vaudeviile.     Paris:  1850,  8to,  13  pp.     B.M. 

Edwards,  Bryan,  If  .P.,  P.H.S.— An  liistorica!  survey  uf  ihe  French  Colony  in  the 
Island  of  St.  Domingo ;  comprehending  a  short  account  of  ita  ancient  government, 
political  state,  population,  productions,  and  eipcirts ;  A  narrative  of  the  calamities 
which  have  desolated  the  country  ever  since  tjia  year  178i),  with  some  rcfleclioua 
mu  their  ciusts  and  proliftble  consequences  j  and  a  detail  of  tlie  military  transac- 
tions of  tliu  British  army  in  that  island  to  the  end  of  1794.  [With  map.] 
London :  1797,  4to,  pp.  247.     B.M:. 

TlieHiKtory,  Civil  and  Comniercial,of  the  Britisli  Colonies  in  the  West  Indies. 

To  which  is  added  an  Historical  Survey  of  the  Freoch  Colony  of  St.  Domingo, 
Abridged  from  the  history  written  by  B,  .  .  E.  ,  ,  ,    London :  1700,  Svo,  373  pp. 

aM. 

An  Historical  survey  of  the  Island  of  Saint  Domingo,  together  with  an 

account  of  the  Maroon  Negroes  in  the  Island  of  Jainaica ;  and  a  history  of 
the  war  in  the  West  Indies  in  1T93  and  1794,  by  B.  E.  .  ,  Also  a  tour  through 
the  several  islands  of  Ttarbndoes,  St.  Yincent,  Antigua,  Tobago,  and  Grenada,  in 
rhe  years  17ai  and  1792,  by  Sir  "VF.  Young,  Bart  lA)ndon  :  1801,  4io,  443  pp. 
B.M. 

NoCe. — Edwards'  History  cxtenda  to  p.  258.  Young  gives  a  Postscript  to  tha 
Historical  Survey  of  St.  Diimingu  on  pp.  383-404.  Tliia  Is  a  separate  edition  of 
vol.  til.  of  Edwards'  IliBtory,  Civil  and  C-ommi'rcial,  of  the  British  Colonies  in 
the  West  Indies. 

Hisloire  de  L'ile  Sauil  Domingue;  exttaite  de  rHisloire  Civile  et  Com- 

merciale  dea  Antilles.  .  .  .  Traduite  de  1' Anglais  par  J.  B.  J,  Bretott.  Paris: 
1802,  Svo,  209  }ip.     B.M. 

A'ote. — With  map.  ^^M 

See  Venault  de  Charmilly.  ^^H 

Eldin,  F.— Haiti :  Treize  ons  dc  Bejour  aus  Antitlea.    Toulouse :  1879,  I2m^^ 
24Grp.    P.M.,W.K.,  J.C. 

Billot,  C.  W. — St.  Domingo,  ita  Revolution  end  ita  Hero,  Toussaint  L'ourerture. 
New  York :  1856, 12ino.    A.L. 

Elliot.  D.  G.— The  Htunming  Birds  of  the  West  Indies.  Tlie  Ibis,  3rd  ser.,  ii. 
1872,  pp.  344-357. 

A'o(«.— Tliu  humming  V>ird3  of  St.  Domingo  aro  included  in  this  paper. 

Englieh  PUot,  The.— ITie  Fourth  Book Loudon :  1089,  fol.  65  pp.     B.M. 

2iote.—Vt'\th  two  charts  and  with  sailing  directions  on  pp.  31-38.  Several 
editions  in  B.M. 


Ennery.— See  d'Ennery. 


A 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA.  67 

Ssmaiigart. — La  Y4nt6  sar  les  Affaires  de  Hayti.  Public  par  le  Gomit<S  dcs 
Aociens  Propri^taires  de  St.  Domingue.    Paris :  1833,  8vo.    Kich. 

Sstaing,  C.  H.,  Comte. — Ordonnance  portant  creation  d'un  corps  de  Troupes- 
legeres,  ddsigne  sous  le  nom  de  Premier  Legion  de  S.  Domingiie.  Cap-FraD^ais : 
[1765],  Bvo,  81  pp.    B.M. 

Ezqnemeliny  Alex.  Olivier. — De  Americaenische  Zee-Roovcrs.  .  .  .  Amster- 
dam :  1678,  4to,  186  pp.    B.M. 

Note. — Chap.  ii.  describes  the  island  of  Tortuga  (Tortue),  ch.  iii.-v.  the 
island  of  St.  Domingo.  An  English  translation  appeared  in  1684  (London : 
2  vols.  4to.  B.M.)  and  a  French  one  in  1686  (Paris :  2  vols.  8vo.  B.M.),  both 
with  index.    There  are  also  several  other  editions  and  translations. 

Fabena»  Jos.  Warrens. — Facts  about  St.  Domingo,  applicable  to  the  present 
crisis.  An  address  before  the  American  Geogr.  and  Stat.  Soc.  of  New  York, 
April  3,  1862.  Illustrated  by  the  only  complete  [nic]  map  of  Santo  Domingo  and 
Hayti  that  has  yet  [?]  appeared.     New  York :  1862, 8vo,  32  pp.     RM. 

Falke,  J. — Sachsische  Bergleute  auf  St.  Domingo.  Arch.  f.  siichsische  Gesell., 
vii.  1869,  p.  4.    W.K. 

Fernandez  de  Navarette,  Martin. — Coleccion  de  los  Yiagcs  y  Descubrimientos, 
que  hicieron  ]X)r  mar  los  Espafioles  desde  fine  siglo  xv.  Madrid:  1825-37, 
5  vols.  8vo.     B.M. 

Note, — Vol.  i.  contains  the  voyages  of  Columbus,  with  two  charts  illustrating 
his  routes  across  the  Atlantic  and  in  the  West  Indies.  Vol.  ii.  Authentic 
documents  relating  to  Columbus  and  the  early  inhabitants  of  the  islands,  &c. 
A  French  edition  of  the  Ist  vol.  is  called :  Kelation  dcs  Quatre  Voyages 
entrepris  par  C. . . .  Colomb. . . .  Paris :  1828,  3  vols.  8vo,  with  maps, 
portraits,  &c.  B.M.  This  translation  is  by  Chalumeau  de  Vemeuil  and  de  la 
Iloquette,  with  numerous  notes  by  French  savants.  This  work  of  Navarette*s 
is  considered  one  of  the  most  reliable  records  of  Columbus*  discoveries. 

Fernandez  de  Oviedo  y  Valdes,  QonzaJo. — Oviedo  de  la  natural  hysteria  de 
las  Indias.    Toledo :  1526,  fol.    B.M. 

Note. — Gives  a  short  account  of  "  Espaiiola  "  (St  Domingo). 

. La  Historia  General  de  las  Indias.    Seville  :  1535,  fol.    B,M. 

Note, — This  is  an  enlarged  edition  of  the  above,  and  gives  an  account, 
dispersed  through  the  work,  uf  the  discovery,  settlement,  aborigines, 
and  natural  history  of  the  island  of  St.  Domingo.  Jean  Poleur  translated 
the  ten  first  books  into  French  [L'Histoire  Naturelle  et  Gdndrale  des 
Indes,  &c.  Paris:  1556,  135  folios.  B.M.],  and  according  to  A.  B.  the 
rest  of  the  books  were  not  published  until  1783  by  the  Marquis  Travello. 
There  are  several  editions,  copies,  and  translations  in  the  B.M.  According  to 
H.  H.,  republished  at  Madrid,  1851-55. 

]Peaill^  Iiouis. — Journal  des  observations,  &c  Paris:  1714-25,  8  vols.  4to. 
R.S.,  B.M. 

Note, — On  pp.  365-370,  vol.  iii.,  *'  Observations  faite  k  la  Caie  Saint  Louis 
au  Sud  de  I'lslc  S.  Domingue.** 

Fisher,  B.  8.,  M.D. — A  Statistical  Account  of  the  West  India  Islands,  together 
with  General  Descriptions,  &c.    New  York :  1855,  8vo,  68  pp.    B.M. 

Note, — Pp.  16-25  deal  with  the  Empire  of  Hayti  and  the  Dominican 
Republic. 


58  BIDUOORAPHY  ASU  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPAKIOLA. 

•pmnitiin,  jameB. — The  Present  State  of  Hayti  (Saint  Domiago),  with  remarks 
ou  iis  Agriculture,  Commerce,  LawB,  IteligioQ,  Fionnces,  FopulBtion,  Ac,  &e, 
Lonaoii :  1828,  8vo,  411  pp.    B.M.,  B.G.8. 

Sole, — The  first  bull'  of  the  work  treats  of  the  history  of  the  island. 
Iteviewed,  Nortli  American  Review,  Boston,  xxviii.  1829,  pp.  150-165,  B.M., 
nod  Eclectic  Review,  isii.  1828.  pp.  97-110,  B.M. 
Qabb,  W.  M. — Notes  on  the  Geology  of  San  Domingo.    Amer.  Joiirn.  Science, 
Newhavcn,  3rd  aor.  i.  1871,  pp.  252-255.     B.S. 

Notes  on  the  diatribution  of  the  Vegetation  of  Santo  Domingo.  Amer.  Journ. 

Science,  NewhavcE,  3rd  scr.  ii.  1871,  pp.  12T-129,     R.S. 

I  the  Tsland  of  San  Domingo.     Amer. 
2,  p.  481.     lt.S. 

Aurora  of  February  4th.     Amer.  Joiira.  Science,  Newhaven,  3rd  ser.  iv. 

1872,  p.  156.    R.S. 

Note.— At  San  Domingo  on  4tii  February,  1872. 


Description  of  Some  New  Genera  of  Molliis 

Pliiiadelphiii,  1872,  pp.  270-274.     L.8. 


Froc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sciences, 


Trans,   Amer. 


On   the   Topography   and   Geology   of    Santo    Domin 

Philosoph.  Soc.,  Philadelphia,  N.S.  iv.  1873,  pp.  49-2.'>9.     B.M. 

Note, — The  result  of  three  years'  enbaustiva  reconnaissanca  on  the  tsland ; 
the  memoir  includes  Topographical  Description,  Geological  Formations,  Local 
Geoli^,  and  Palieontology,  With  a  new  map,  the  result  of  the  work. 
in  P.M..  X.X.  1871,  pp.  358-360. 


NoliBi^_ 


Oabst. — See  Payen. 

Oarcia,  Jos£  Qabriel. — Compendio  de  ta  Historia  de  Santo  Domingo. 
Domingo:  1S67.     S.H. 

—Life  in  Senlo  Domingo  City.    Appleton's  Joonial, 


Q-ardyner,  Goorge. — A  Description  of  the  Nei»  World,  ot  America  Islnnds  and 
Continent,  &c.     London :  1G51  [1650],  8to,  187  pp.    B.M. 

A'ofe. — From  the  i>refftce  it  iippeara  the  author  viaiteil  the  lands  described. 
Pp.  57-62  deal  with  Hispaniol.i. 

Oamui,  J.  Pb.  [Oarran  de  Coulon]. — Rapport  sur  las  Troubles  de  Saint- 
Domingue,  Fait  au  nom  de  la  Commission  des  Colonies,  dea  ComitiSa  de  Salut 
Public,  de  LdgialatioQ  de  Marino,  rfiunis,  .  .  .  Paris:  an  V-VU  [1797-99], 
4  vola.  Svo.    B.M. 

Kote.—Ste  also  £3. 

GoBtlne,  Civiquo  de. — Histoire  de  la  Ripublique  d'HaIti  ou  Saint-Domingue, 
L'eaelavage  et  les  Colons;  Dfidife  k  ]5tienne  Coalon.  Paris;  1819,  Svo,  2G4  pp. 
B.M. 

Oastro. — Hee  Castro.  ^^H 

QayangoB. — See  Faaoual  de  Q.  ^^^H 

Osnton,  de. — Essai  de  Minoralogie  de  I'tale  de  Baint-Domingue  dans  la  partie 
Franfoise.    Joor.  de  Phys.,  Paris,  sxxi.  1787,  pp.  173-177.    R.8. 


BIBUOGRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA.  59 

Gomara  de  Iiopez,  Francisco. — Histoire   Gdndrale   des  Indes   Occidentales. 
Paris :  1568,  8vo,  259  folios.    B.M. 

JVofe.— Chaps.  26-35,  Bk.  I.,  describe  EspaHola.  With  index.  The 
original  of  this  in  Spanish :  La  Istoria  de  las  Indias,  &c  Madrid :  1552,  fol., 
141  folios.  B.M.  A  second  edition  of  which :  La  Hbtoria  General  de  las 
Indias,  &c.    Anvers:  1554,  12mo,  287  folios.    B.M. 

Gonsalea  Carranza,  D. — A  Geographical  Description  of  the  Coasts,  Harbours, 

and  Sea  Ports  of  the  Spanish  West-Indies.    London :  1740,  8vo,  144  pp.    B.M. 

Note. — Sailing  directions,  including  those  for  the  coast  of  Hispaniola. 

Gonzalez  de  Barcia  Carballido  y  Znniga,  Andres. — ^Historia  do  rea 
primitivos  de  las  Indias  ocddentales,  &c.    Madrid :  1749,  3  vols,  folio.    B.M. 

Nbie. — A  collection  of  voyages,  with  separate  index  to  every  volume.  Con- 
tains Ferdinand  Columbus*  history  of  his  father,  Lopez  de  Gomara's  Historia  de 
las  Indias,  &c. 

Gragnon  de  Iiacoste. — Toussaint  Louverture  General  en  Chef  de  I'Arm^  de  Saint- 
Domingue  sumomm^  le  Premier  des  Noirs — Ouvrage  ^rit  d'apr^  des  documents 
inedits  et  les  papiers  historiques  et  secrets  de  la  famille  Louverture  orn^  du  portrait 
anthentiquo  du  c^ldbre  g^ndral  et  du  fac-simile  de  sa  signature.  Paris  and 
Bordeaux :  1877,  8vo,  402  pp.    B.M. 

L'Haitiade.    Poteie  ^pique  en  huits  chants  par  un  Philanthrope  Europ^en. 

Kouvelle  edition  pr6c^d^  d*un  avertissement,  d'une  notice  historique  et  suivle  de 
notes  explicatives.    Paris :  1878, 16mo,  209  pp.    B.M. 

Grand  Dictionnaire  Universel  du  XIX  Si^le.     Paris :  1873, 4to.    B.M. 

Note, — ^In  vol.  ix.,  on  pp.  24-26,  there  is  a  very  good  article  on  Haiti. 

Granier  de  Cassagnao,  A.  ^Voyage  aux  Antilles  Fran^aises,  Anglaises,  Danoises, 
Espagnoles,  k  Saint-Domingue  et  aux  Iiltats-Unis  d*Am4rique.  Paris:  1843, 
2  parts,  8vo.    B.M. 

^<rfe.— Pp.  200-256,  Part  II.,  deal  with  the  author's  visit  to  HaytL 

Orasset  de  St.  Sauveur,  J. — Encyclop^ie  des  Voyages,  contenant  I'abr^g^ 
historique  des  moeurs,  usages,  &c.    Paris :  1796,  5  vols.  4to.    B.M. 

Note, — ^Volume  entitled  "  Am^rique  "  has  four  pages  on  the  "  Habitans  de 
l*i8le  Saint-Domingue,"  and  six  highly  coloured  plates  representing  coloured 
people  and  negroes  of  the  island. 

Qreenvile. — See  Finkerton. 

Griaebach,  A. — ^Die  Geographische  Yerbreitung  der  Pflanzen  Westindiens.  Abhand» 
Konig.  Ges.  Gottingen,  xii.  1866,  pp.  1-80.    L.S. 
Note, — Very  little  reference  to  Hayti's  flora. 

[Gros] — Isle  St.  Domingue,  Province  du  Nord  .  .  .  PrAsis  Historique.  [Paris: 
1793],  4to,  28  pp.    B.M. 

Note, — ^An  account  of  affairs  during  the  author's  detention  in  captivity  by 
the  insurgents  Jean-Fran9ois  and  Biassou,  26  Ck)tober  to  24  December,  1791. 
3rd  edition. 

OrynsBiiBy  Simon. — Novus  Orbis  Regionum  ac  Insulanmi  veteribus  Incogni- 
tarum. . . .     Basiliae :  1532,  fol.,  584  pp.    B.M. 

Note, — ^A  collection  of  voyages.  Contains  a  short  account  of  Columbus' 
discovery.  Translated  into  German :  Die  New  Welt,  der  Landschaften  unnd 
Insulen,  •  •  .  Strassburg:  1533,  fol.  B.M.  According  to  H.  H.,  John 
Huttich  was  the  real  author  of  this  work. 


* 


fiO  BIDLIOGnAPHV  AND  CARTWIBAI'HY  OF  HLSl'ANIOLA.  ^H 

Qu^in,  L. — See  Moreau  de  Bt,  Mary. 

Ou6rin,  TMophilo,  M.D. — iJi»^ra])iiie  do  rErapereur  Soiilodqiie  avec  portr^t  et 

auto^Tftphe  suivi  'Je  Iii  solution  du  la  qucation  Haitienne,    I'lirisi  1856,  24mo, 

86  pp.     B.M. 

QuiHanuin  do  Montpinay,  ailbert. — Journsl  HUtoriqtie  de  la  Efivolutiou  de  la 
partie  de  L'Est  de  Saint-DomiDgue,  gommeooSe  lo  10  AoQt  1808;  avec  dcB  Notes 
SUtUliiiuca  Bur  cetto  partie.    rhiladelpliin :  1810,  8vo,  315  pp.    B.M. 

Note. — With  portrait  of  General  Ferrand  and  table  of  cost  of  food  during 
sie^e.  A  second  edition,  with  slightly  ditTerent  Utle-iuige,  was  published  with 
494  pp.  (Paris :  1811,  8vo.  B.M.),  and  conlalaed  a  view  of  ruins  of  Christopher 
Culumbus'  chateau  at  Santo  Doniiogo,  and  a  map  of  the  seat  of  war  rotiud  the 
city. 

Guppy,  H,  Leobmere. — On  the  MioMDe  Foaails  of  Ilaiti,  Quart.  Joum.  Geol. 
Soc.,  London,  sssii.  1870,  pp.  51G-532.    B.M, 

A'ole. — With  2  plnttB.    For  description  of  new  genera  see  Qabb,  1872. 

Onridi,  Zavier  Ang^o. — Elementoa,  etc.,  de  la  Isla  de  Santo  Domingo.     Sto. 

Domingo,  186C.    8.H. 
[Hnitien,  Un.] — Aux  Homniea  Impartiaus  sar  lee  Atiaqnea  dont  I'Empire  d'Hald 
et  lea  Haiticns  ont  ^te  I'objet.     Paris:  1850,  8vo,  24  pp.     B.M. 

NoU. — A  rejily  to  French  and  New  Tork  newspaper  attacks. 

Hftkluyt,  Each.— Bakluyt  Collection  of  the  Early  Voyages,  Travels,  and  Ms- 

coveries  of  the  English  Nation.     New  edition.     London  :  1810,  3  vols.  fol.     B.M. 

Note. — In  vol.  iii.,  pp.  G92  ct  seq.,  a  short  account  ia  given  of  Sir  Thomas 

Bert's  voyage  to  Sto.  Domingo  with  Soitflstian  Cabot,  with  evidence  of  this 

journey  cxtmcted  from  Oviedo'a  work.    Also  nn  account  of  Hawkins's  three 

voyages  to  the  West  Indies. 

Vol.  iii.,  pp.  39  et  eeq. :  "  An  escellent  nittier  for   the  islands  of  the  West 

Indies,  and  for  Tierra  limia,  and  Nueva  Espanna."  There  are  sailing  directicns. 

Vol.iv.  contains  on  pp.  10-27:  "  A  sumniario  and  tnio  discourse  of  air  Francis 

Drakes  West  Indian  voyage  begun  in  the  yeere  1585,  Wherein  were  taken  the 

cities  of  Swnt  lago,  Santo  Domingo,  Cartagena,"  &o.  On  pp.  48-51 :  "  A  true 

report  of  a  voyage  undertaken  fur  the  West  Indies  by  M.  Christopher  Newport, 

,  .  .  Begun  from  London  the  26.  of  Januarie  1591.    Written  by  Mr,  John 

Twitt  of  Harewich,  Corporal  in  the  Dragon.    In  which  voyage  they  tooke  and 

burnt  upon  the  coast  of  Hispaniola,  within  the  Bay  of  Honduras,  and  other 

places,  3.  towne,  and  19,  sailo  of  shippes  and  frigats." 

Handelmann,  Helnr.—Geiichichta  dcr  Inset  Hayti.    2nd  edition.    Kiel :  1860, 

8vo,  pp.  193.     K.L. 

Hanna,  a  W.,  Hev.— Notes  of  a  Visit  to  Some  Parts  of  Hayti.  London :  1836, 
8vo,  lili.  and  15.3  pp.     B.M. 

Natf. — With   engraved   tille-jiage,   hearing  map  of  the  island,  and  a  few 

Harffrave,  H. — The  Vaudoux 
delphift,  V.  1870,  pp.  312-317. 

.Vo(e.— A  review  from  scv 


The  Dominican  Republic 

delphia,  vi.  1870,  pp.  200-210. 


1  St.  Domiugo.    Lip])iacotL's  Magazine,  Phila- 

ml  works. 

ind  Annexation,     Lippincott's  Magazine,  Phila- 
B.M. 


BIBUOGRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA.  61 

HarifWft,  Henry. — Ghristopbe  Colomb.     Son  Origine,  Sa  Vie,  Ses  Voyages,  Sa 
Famille  et  Ses  Descendants.  .  •  .    Paris :  1884,  2  vols.  8vo.    B.M. 
Note, — ^Written  partly  from  new  sources. 

[Harrison,  B.  N.,  and  others.] — The  Samana  Bay  Company  of  Santo  Domingo. 
Report  of  the  Commissioners  who  negotiated  the  Convention  with  the  Dominican 
Republic.    New  York :  1873,  8vo,  20  pp.    B.M. 

Hartlaub,  O. — Ueber  den  heutigen  Zostand  unserer  Kcnntnisse  von  Wcstindiens 
Omithologie.    Isis,  1847,  pp.  6q3-615,  and  1848,  pp.  401-609.     Z.S. 

Nate, — On  pp.  603-610  the  aathor  reviews  our  knowledge  of  the  birds  of 
Hayti.  He  says  after  Oviedo,  Brisson  (Omithologie,  6  vols.  4to,  Paris,  1760) 
and  Yieillot  (whicb  see)  described  the  birds  of  Hayti. 

Harvey,  W.  W. — Sketches  of  Hayti ;  from  the  expulsion  of  the  French  to  the 
death  of  Christophe.    London :  1827,  8vo,  416  pp.    B.M. 

Note, — With  view  of  Cap-Pran^ois.  Reviewed,  Monthly  Review,  London, 
cxiv.  (vi.  N.S.)  1827,  B.M.,  and  Eclectic  Review,  London,  xxvii.  1827, 
pp.  664-573.    B.M. 

HassaL-^Secret  History  of  the  Horrors  of  St.  Domingo ;  written  by  a  lady  (Miss 
Hassal)  at  Cape  Francois,  during  the  command  of  General  Rochambeau.  Phila- 
delphia :  1806, 12mo.    Rich. 

Hatch,  D. — On  a  Saliferous  Depodt  in  St.  Domingo.  Quar.  Joum.  Geol.  Soc., 
London,  xxiv.  1868,  p.  335.    B.M. 

Hassfd,  SamueL — Santo  Domingo,  Past  and  Present ;  with  a  glance  at  Hayti. 
London:  1873, 8vo.    B.M. 

Note, — With  map ;  profusely  illustrated  and  very  interesting.  The  author 
travelled  through  the  country  with  the  United  States  Commissioner.  The 
Bibliography  on  St.  Domingo  includes  many  West  Indian  Works  which  have 
no  bearing  at  all  on  the  subject,  and  also  unfortunately  contains  several 
errors.  Reviewed,  London  Quarterly  Review,  London,  xli.  1874,  pp.  67-87, 
B.M.,  and  by  S.  S.  Conant,  under  the  title  of  Cradle  of  the  New  World,  Harper's 
New  Monthly  Magazine,  New  York,  xlvi.  1873,  pp.  641-658;  also  The 
Nation,  New  York,  xvi.  1873,  pp.  183-184.     B.M. 

Hesme,  John. 

Note, — In  Proceedings  of  Zoological  Society  of  London,  vol.  for  1834,  p.  25, 
An  account  of  a  letter  by  J.  H.  relating  to  certain  birds  of  Hayti ;  ibid., 
p.  110,  an  account  of  another  letter  by  J.  H.  describing  certain  animals  of 
Hayti.  Vol.  for  1835,  p.  105,  Notice  of  a  collection  of  bird-skins  made  by  J.  H. 
in  Hayti,  and  his  note  on  the  agouti  (Solenodonta).    Z.S. 

Helps,  Arthur. — ^The  Spanish  Conquest  in  America.  London :  1855-61,  4  vols. 
870.    B.M. 

jVb/«. — ^With  index.  Books  ii.  and  iii.  relate  to  Hispaniola.  In  the  same 
author's  Life  of  Columbus  (London :  1869,  8vo,  262  pp.,  B.M.)  and  Life  of 
Las  Casas  (London :  1868,  8vo,  292  pp.,  B.M.)  both  increased  from  the  above, 
will  be  found  many  references  to  Hispaniola. 

Henlker,  J.  S.,  Moore,  J.  Carrick  &  Sowerby,  Q.  B. — On  some  Tertiary 
Beds  in  the  Island  of  San  Domingo;  from  notes  by  J.  S.  Heniker,  with 
remarks  on  the  Fossils  by  J.  Carrick  Moore.  Descriptions  of  new  species  of 
Fossil  Shells  found  by  J.  S.  Heniker,  by  G.  B.  Sowerby.  Quart.  Joum.  Geol. 
Soc,  London,  vi.  1850,  pp.  39-53.    B.M. 

^^o^e. — With  two  plates  of  the  fossil  shells. . 


<2 


BIBUOGKAPHY  AND  C.UJTOGr.Al'HV  OF  lllSPAJilOLA. 


Heneken,  T.  8.,  Uoore,  J.  C.  &  IiOiiBiialo.  W. — On  some  Tertiary  Deposits  ia 
San  Domingo,  by  T.  S.  Heneken.  With  Notes  on  tlie  Fossil  Shells,  tiy  J.  C. 
Mooie,  and  on  the  Fossil  Corals,  by  W.  Lonsdale.  Quart.  Joum,  Geo).  Soc, 
LoD.lon,  IX.  1853,  pp.  113-13±.    B.M. 

Jfole. — With  geolc^eal  woodcut  of  bed  of  river  Yaqui,  and  otlier  soctiona, 
[Henry  ChriHtophe.] — Itojaume  d'Hayti.  Manifeato  da  Iloi.   [Sans-Souci :  1814.] 
8vo,  a  pp.    B.M. 

A'oitt. — Issued  oa  tbo  foil  of  Bonaparte;  contains  several  proclamations  of 
Bonaparte,  Loclero,  Hardy,  and  others  in  1802.     No  title-page. 

Koyaume  d'Hayti.     Proclamation  dn  Roi.     Cap-Henry  [and  London  after- 

warde] :  1816, 12  folios.    B.M. 

Note. — A  reply  to,  and  containing  a  copy  of,  the  proclamation  ofLouis  XVII  I. 
No  titlc-pase. 

See  PrevoBt,  Tastey,  W.  &  C. 

H^rard-Dumeele. — Voyage  dans  le  nord  d'Haiti.     Fortran -Prince,  1624.    A.R 
Serrera  Tordesillae,   Antonio  de. — Hlstoria  General  de  loa  hechoa  de  los 
CatHellnnos  en  las  bias  i  Tierra  Firme  del  Mar  Oceano.    Madrid:  1601 -1615, 
8  Decades,  4  vols.  fol.    B.M. 

.Note. — This  history  is  generally  accepted  as  the  most  reliable  account  of 
the  discovery  and  early  settlement  of  America.  In  the  first  decade  will  be 
found  all  notes  relating  to  Hisjaniola.  The  English  edition  was  translated  by 
Cnplaiu  John  Stevens  (The  General  History  of  the  Vast  Continent  and  Islands 
of  America,  commonly  called  the  West  Indies,  London  :  1725-26,  G  vols,  gvo, 
P.M.).  The  Dutch  translation  appeared  in  Pieter  Van  der  Aa's  De  Oedcnk- 
waardige  ea  alom  Beroemde  Voyagien  der  Spaciaarden  na  Weet-Indicn  (Leyden : 
1727,  fuL  B.M.).  There  is  also  a  very  condensed  account  to  be  found  in 
TTieodore  de  Bry's  America  CPart  lil,  Frankfort:  1623,  fol.  P.M.).  There 
are  also  several  Frunch  and  other  editions. 
Heuvel. — See  Van  Heuvel. 

H.  D.  [HiUiard  d'Auberteuil.] — Considiirations  sur  In  Colonic  de  Saint  Domingue, 
Ouvrage  politique  et  legislatif,  prteent^  Bu  Ministre  de  la  Marine.  Paris :  1T7G, 
2  vols.  8vo.    Rich. 

JioU, — A  German  edition  appeared  in  177C,  Leipzig  :  2  vols.  8*0.    A.L, 
Bjalmaraon,  J.  A.— Deber  die  Insel  S.  Domingo.     Zeit.  f.  d.  Gesain.  Nator- 
wiesenschftflen,  Berlin,  liv.  1859,  pp.  12-16.     L.8, 

.Vo(e.— Translated  by  Dr.  Crepin  from  (Efvers.  K.  v.  A's.  FOrhandL,  1858, 
A  short  geographical  account  of  the  island. 
Hj^maxBon,   J.  A,  &  Pfeta'ar,  K — Beitra^e   ;iur  Fauna  von   Westindien. 
Malakozool.  Blatter,  Cassel,  v.  1858,  pp.  135-155.     L.8. 

Kole. — Description  of  Hjalmaraon's  collection  of  land  shells  from  Haiti  with 
exact  locality  of  every  siiecinien. 
Hoben,  de. — La  repnblique  d'Haiti.    Bull.  Soc.  Brelonne  de  Ge<^.,  Lorieut,  ii. 

1883,  No.  G,  pp.  144-155.    P.M. 
Holmes,  Ablel,  D.D.— American  Annals;  or,  a  Chronological  History  of  America. 
Camliridge,  U.S. :  1808.  2  vols.  8vo.     B.M. 
Note. — With  Index  and  Bibliograpliy. 
Hormoys. — See  Dhormoya. 
fiuttioh,  John.— See  Qryneeua. 


^ 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA.  63 

Jftoquin,  N.  J. — Selectamm  Stirpium  Americanarum  Historia.    Vienna :  [1780  ?] 
IbL,  144  pp.    B.M. 

Note. — ^With  numerous  plates,  hand-painted.  The  flora  of  Uayti  forms  an 
important  part  of  this  work. 

Jaeger,  B. — Lectures  sur  I'bistoire  naturelle  d*HaUi,  appliqu^  ^  T^nomie  rural 
et  domestique.  Tome  i.  contenant  la  botanique.  1.  Livraison.  Port-au->Prince : 
1830,  4to. 

NoU, — Quoted  in  Engelmann's  Bibliotheca  Zoolpgica.    Z.S. 

See  also  Brandt,  M^n^tri^. 

Janirier,  Ii.  J.— La  R^publique  d*Haiti  et  ses  Visiteurs,  .  .  .  1840-1882.  Paris : 
1883,  8vo,  640  pp.    P.M.,  W,K. 

See  Auguste. 

Jefferys,  Thomas. — ^The  Natural  and  Civil  History  of  the  French  Dominions  in 
North  and  South  America.  Giving  a  particular  account,  .  .  .  London :  1760, 
foL,  2  parts,  168  and  246  pp.    6.M. 

Note. — Part  ii.  (pp.  3-175)  gives  an  historical  account  of  the  island ;  with 
map  of  island  and  chart  of  harbour  of  Cap-Francois. 

A  Description  of  the  Spanish  Islands  and  Settlements  on  the  Coast  of  the 

West  Indies,  &c.    London :  1762,  4t6, 108  pp.    B.M. 

-^bfe.— Pp.  90-95  deal  with  St.  Domingo,  with  plates  29  and  30  (map  of 
island  and  plan  of  city  of  S.  D.).  2nd  ed.,  1774.  According  to  Rich,  Jefferys 
has  also  published  A  General  Topography  of  North  America  and  the  West 
Indies.    London :  1768,  fol. 

The  West  India  Atlas.. . .     London :  1775,  fol.    B.M. 

Note. — ^Pp.  14  and  23-24  and  two  charts  deal  with  Hispaniola.  These 
charts  have  been  reproduced  without  the  text  in :  A  Complete  Pilot  for  the  West 
Indies,  Londcm,  fol.  1792.    B.M. 

Inginao,  Jo&  Balthazar. — M^moires.    Kingston :  1843,  8vo.    A.B. 
J^Tofe.— From  1793  to  1843  (A.B.) 

Jomini,  A.  EL,  Baron  de. — ^Hlstoire  Critique  et  Militaire  des  Guerres  de  la 
Revolution.     Paris :  1820-24,  16  vols.  8vo.    B.M. 

JVote.— Vol.  iv.  pp.  375-410;  vol.  v.  pp.  292-299;  vol.  xiv.  pp.  429-449; 
voL  XV.  pp.  38-105  deal  with  Hispaniola.  With  map  of  French  division  of 
the  island. 

Jordan,  Wilhelm. — Gkschichte  der  Insel  Hayti,  und  ihres  Negerstaats.  Leipzig : 
1846-49,  8vo,  2  parts,  414  and  158  pp.    B.M. 

Note, — With  portrait  of  T.  Louverture.  The  2nd  division  of  2nd  part  is 
wanting  at  B.M. 

Irving,  Washington. — A  History  of  the  Life  and  Voyages  of  Christopher  Columbus. 
London  :  1828,  4  vols.  8vo.    B.M. 

Note. — ^With  Index,   and  Navarette's  charts  of  C.  C.'s  voyages.    Many 
editions,  &c.,  in  B.M. 
K.,  8.  A. — Hayti  and  the  Dominican  Republic.    American  Whig  Review,  New 
York,  xiv.  (n.s.  viii.)  1861,  pp.  144-145.    B.M. 

Keim,  de  B.  B.— San  Domingo.  Pen  Pictures  and  Leaves  of  Travel,  Romance, 
and  History,  from  the  Portfolio  of  a  Correspondent  in  the  American  Tropics. 
Philadelphia :  1870,  8vo,  336  pp.    B.M. 

Note. — Letters  reprinted  from  the  New  York  Herald.  The  appendix 
(pp.  333-336)  consists  of  a  ''Memorandum  of  Facts  relating  to  the  Proposed 
Annexation  of  the  Island  of  San  Domingo  [by  the  U.  States]." 


Gi  IllI(UCN!l;APHr  AND  CAIiTOGRAl'HV  0¥  BlSrANlOLA. 

Eerreraeuu,  F.  M.  de. — Iinpport  siir  la  parlie  espiignole  <ie  Safnt  Doiningue  depuis 
SB  cession  k  Iti  r^piibliqiie  fruDi'^iso  p^ir  le  tmt^  de  Bile  jusiiti'a  sod  invasion  pur 
'J'oussain  1-IiOUvcrture,  &c. 

Xafe, — Qiiotcil  b)'  Lcpalieticr  de  St.  Rem}',  i.  p.  301,  from  Arcliives  of  the 
Marine,  Paris. 
Eettoll,  S. — PersoDAl  NBrmtiTO  of  the  First  Voyage  of  CoIuml'Ui  io  AmerlcB,  from 
a  maniiBCripl  recently  discovered  in  Spnin.    Translaieil  from  the  SjMinish.    Boston : 
1827,  8to,  viii.  and  303  pp.     B.U. 
KimbaJl,  E.  B,— See  SetOer. 

KofTmann,  O, — ItugltitiTOrle  ztir  Ksrle  der  Itisel  Haiti.  Petermanirs  Mitthei- 
luugep,  XX.  1874,  pp.  321-323.     R.G.S. 

Gompleinentary  notes  to  A.  PottTmanirs  map  of  the  island  of  St.  Domingo, 
vvblcb  map  is  compiled  from  Gabb's  and  iScliomburgk'a. 

Eolb,  O-ust.  Pried.— Hflndbucb  der  verglcichenden  Statistik — iler  ViilkcreustaD.le 
— iind  Staatenkimde.  .  .  .     7t!i  ed.     Irfipiig:  1875,  8 vo.     li.M. 

i\'oie.— Pp.  760-762  refer  to  Hayti  and  S.  Domingo.     The  8th  ed.,  1879, 

pp,  433  and  434  should  also  be  consulted,  as  well  as  the  English  edition, 

pp.  8G5  and  856,  translated  by  Mrs.  Brewer  and  edited  by  E.  W.  Streeter. 

London:  1880.     B.Jl. 

[IjRbat,  J.  B.]— Nouveau  voyage  aui  Isles  de  I'Ameriqne, .  ,  ,     Paris:  1722. 

6  vols.  12mo.    B.M. 

Note, — In  vol.  v.,  chaps,  iii.-xi,  deal  witii  the  author's  visit  lo  8.  Domingo. 
He  describes  the  oountry  through  whicii  he  passes.     With  map. 
Laborle,  P.  J. — The  Co&ce  Planter  of  St.  Domingo,  with  an  Appendix  cont^ning 
a.  view  of  the  Constitution,  Government,  Laws,  and  State  of  that  Colony  previous 
lo  the  year  1760.    To  which  are  added  some  hints  on  tlie  present  stale  of  the 
island  nnder  tlie  British  Government.     London:  1798,  8 vo.     A. L.,  Rich. 
liOCoete. — Sec  Qragnon  de  Laeoste. 

La  Croix,  Famphile  de,  I>t.-Q«ii.  Baron. — Mfmoires  pour  aervir  A  I'Histtnre 
de  la  Iti^voluli'in  de  Saiut-Domiogue.     Paris:  1819,  2  vols.  8vo.     A.R,  Rich. 

jV(i(e.— With  map.    Reviewed  Quarterly  Review,  sii.  1819,  pp.  430-4GO. 
B.1I. 
Laoroix  de  Marlta.— Histoiro  Descriptive  et  Pitloresquc  de  I'lle  Salnt-Domingue. 
(Haiti).    New  ed.    Tours :  1852, 12mo,  230  pp.     B.M. 

A'ole. — With  separate  engravetl  title-page  and  frontispiece.     Forms  pnrt  of 
the  BibliothJqne  des  ficoles  Chrotiennes.    [Reprinted  in  1869.    O.L.] 
Laet,  Johannesde.— NienweWereldtofte  Beschrijvinghe  van  West  Indien.  .  .  . 
Leyden:   1625,  xxiv.  and  510  pp.     B.M. 

Ntitt. — With  indo:i,  engraved  title-page,  and  maps.  Cha|w.  iv.-si.  deal 
with  Hispimiola  from  Uerrera's,  Oviudo's,  and  Acostu's  accounts,  Tlie  work 
Wfts  translited  into  Latin  (Xovns  Orbis  sen  Descriptiones  Indim  Occi  den  talis, 
Lngd.  Batav.,  1633,  fol.,  B.M.)  and  into  French  (L'Hifltoire  du  Kouvean 
Monde  .  .  ,  Lcyde,  1640,  fol.,  B.M.).  Tliere  are  many  editions  in  B.M.  In 
the  Viench  and  Latin  translations  the  account  of  HispaoiuU  is  condensed. 
La  Mardalle,  Q.  P.  P.  de. — filoge  Fnnebre  dii  Comte  d'Ennery  et  Rdforme  J«di- 
iiaire  i .Saint  Domingue.     Paris:  (1789?)  4lo,  154  pp.     B.M. 

A'(i(e.— With  map  and  statistics  of  the  colony.     The  Ref.  Jud.  bcgiDB  at 
p.  49,  and  notes  to  the  Ref,  occupy  pp.  97-154. 


BIBUOGRAPHY  AXD  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA.  66 

lAmartine  de  Prat,  M.  Ii.  A.  de. — Tousaaint  Loavorture.    Podme  drtmatique. 
Paris :  1850,  8vo,  244  pp.    B.M. 

Ia  Selve,  Edgar.— Histoire  de  la  Literature  Haltienne  depois  rorigine  josqu'iX 
no6 jours.    Port-au-Prince:  1874. 

Ifcie. — Quoted  in  following  paper. 

Haiti  avant  Colomb.     Arcbive«  Soc.  Am^ricaine  de  France,  Paris,  n.s.,  i. 

1875,  pp.  367-369.    RG.S. 

La  Republique  dHaltL    Tour  du  Monde,  No.  975, 1879.    W.K. 

Le  Pays  des  Kdgres.    Toyage  a  Haiti,  ancienne  partie  Frangaise  de  Saint 


Domingue.    Ouvrage  om^  d*une  carte  et  24  gravures.    Paris :  1881, 12mo,  376 
pp.    B.M. 

Note, — ^A  very  interesting  account  of  the  island  and  its  people. 

Iai\}oii,  a.  p.  M. — Pr^is  historique  de  la  demi^re  Exp^ition  de  Saint  Domiugue 
depuis  le  D^[jart  de  TArmde  des  Cdtes  de  France,  jusqu'^  I'^vacuation  de  la 
Colonie,  suivi  des  Moyens  de  Bdtablissement  de  cette  Golonie.  Paris :  1805,  8vo. 
A.L.,  A.B. 

Moyens  de  rentrer  en  possession  de  la  colonie  de  Saint  Dcmingne  et  d'y 

retablir  la  tranquillity ;  details  circonstanci^  des  ressources  qu*offrira  cette  colonie. 
Paris,  1814.    A.B. 

Souvenirs  de  trente  annees  de  voyage  h  Saint  Domingue,  dans  plusieurs 


Colonies  Strangers.  .  .  .     Paris  :  1835,  2  vols.  8vo.    Rich. 

I«edeboiir,    K.  F.,  and   Adlerstam*    J.  P.  —  Dissertatio    Botanica    Sistcns 
Plantamm  Domingeusium  Decadem.    Grypbia) :  1805,  4to,  27  pp. 
Note, — From  Pritzel's  Thesaurus.    K.G.,  L.S. 

Ijenox,  James. — See  Soillaoio. 

Le  Pelletier  de  St.  Bexny. — See  St.  Bamy. 

I«e  Pen. — See  Cliarlevoix,  Margry. 

Tiimonade.  Coxnte  de. — See  Prevost. 

Linage. — See  Veitia  Iiinage. 

Linstant-Pradine,  8.,  Avooat. — Becueil  General  des  Lois  et  Actcs  du  Gouveme- 
ment  d'Halti,  depuis  la  proclamation  de  son  ind^pendance  jusqu*^  nos  jours.  .  .  . 
Paris :  1851-1866,  5  vols.  8vo.    B.M. 

Note, — On  the  title-page  of  the  first  volume  the  author  calls  himself 
S.  Linstant. 

Nos  fils  on  De  la  N^tocratio  en  Haiti.    Lettres  au  Gouvemement  et  au 

Rcdacteur  en  Chef  du  Constitutionnel  (de  Port-au-Prince).    Paris :  1876,  8vo, 
xiv.  and  41  pp.,      B.M. 

Iioiret. — See  Bouaeau  de  Iioiret. 

Long,  C.  B.— In  Add.  MSS.  12408  in  B.M. 

yote. — Fols.  27-42  Statistical  and  other  accounts  of  Hispeniola,  taken  (?) 
from  Baynal,  Histoire  Philosophiquo  et  Politique. 

Ijon8dale.~See  Heneken. 
Iiopes. — See  Oomara  de  Iiopes. 
Iiorgues.— See  Boaelly  de  Iiorgues. 

lioesing,  Beneon  J. — ^The  Horrors  of  San  Domingo.    Harper's  New  Monthly 
3Ia-azine,  New  York,  xliii.  1871,  pp.  76-84.    B.M. 

VOL.   II.  •  F 


the 


GG  BIBUOGRAPHY  ASD  CAETOGRArHV  OF  HiSPANIOLA. 

Ij'Ouvertiire,  Iboao. — See  MetraL 

[Ii'Ouverture,  F.  D.  TouBBaint.] — Buonaparte  in  the  West  Indies: 

History  of  Touasaict  Louverture,  the  African  Hero.     London ;  1803, 8vo,  48  pp. 
Note. — in   Diiee   parts  o[   16  pp.,   separate   pagination.     Tbii   work   was 
reprinted,  wltli  «orao  allerations,  in  the  Pamphleteer,  vol.  iv,,  No.  8.,  Not.  1814, 
B.M.,  and  dedicated  to  the  Emperor  of  all  the  KuBsiaa. 

See  Cousin  d'Avalon,  Dubrooa,  lilliot,  Qragncm-Iiaoosto,  Jordan, 

Lam&rtlDe,  Metral,  Ferln,  Balnaftird,  8t  Bemy,  24,  28. 

Liitken. — See  Reinhordt. 

Ijyonnet,  lie  C. — Stutistiquc  dc  la  psrtlo  Espagnolc  de  Saint-Domingae.  Paris : 
1800,  avo,  50  pp.     B.M. 

Uacgregor,  John. — Tlic  Progress  of  America,  from  the  Discovery  of  Columbus  to 
the  year  1846.    London :  1847,  2  vols.  8va    B.M. 

A'ofe,— Vol.  i.  (pp.  1149-1213)  deals  with  tlie  history  and  HtatiaticB  of 
HiBpaniola. 

JCcOrigor. — See  TriBtram. 

Kackenzie,  Ch.,  P.B.a,  ConBul-OenoraL— Notes  on  Haiti,  made  during  ft 
n«ideiic«  in  that  Itepublic.    London  :  1830,  2  vols.  12ino.    B.M. 

Note. — With  two  plates,  a  map,  and  a  fac-simile  of  Henry  C'hristaphe's 
signature.     The  author  sjient  a.  year  and  a  half  in  lile  island,  and  gives  actuul 
and  historical  accounts;  his  position  gave  him  access  to  the  important  infonna- 
tion  which  he  publishes.    Heviewcd  Monthly  Iteview,  London,  cxxii.  (xiv.  nji.) 
1830.    B.M. 
Mftdiou,  Thomaa,  fllB.— Hisloirad'Halti.  Port-au-Prince:  1847, 8 vohi.4to.  RM. 
Note. — From  date  of  discovery  of  island  in  1492  to  1807.    Apparently  very 
complete.    Third  vol.  wanting  at  B.M. 
Uejor,  B.  H. — Select  Letters  of   Chrtstophcr  Columbus,  with  other  original 
Dociimenta,  relating  to  his  Four  Voyages  to  the  Kew  World.     2nd  od,     Hakluyt 
Society,  I^ndon,  1870:  cxlii.  and  264  pp.    B.M. 

Ifote. — With  index,  fac-siniilea  of  Hcrrera's  map  and  key,  Juan  de  la  Cosa's 
map  and  coloured  portrait  of  Columbus  as  St.  Chrislopher.  These  letters,  in 
Spanish  and  English,  inolude  the  account  of  the  discovery  of  Egp^ola  and  the 
Admiral's  acta  there,  Dr.  Chanca's  hiatery  of  the  second  voyage,  and  bibliograjihy 
of  Columbus's  letters.    (Ist  ed.  1847.     B.M.) 

Malenfant,  Colonel. — Des  Colonies,  et  particuliSrement  de  ccUe  de  Saint- 
Douiingue;  Mtooire  historique  et  politique.  .  .  .  Paris;  1814,  8vo,  sii.  and 
337  pp.    B,M. 

Xote. — A  short  account  of  the  civil  war,  and  proposals  for  settling  the 
country  peaceably. 
Ualo,  Charles. — Histoire  da  I'lle  de  Saint  Domiugue  depuis 


I'aunfelBlB.    Pai 


:  1819,  E 


A.L.,  B.T. 


iiverte  juaqu'u 


Hietoire  d'Haili  (He  de  Saint  Domingue)  dcpuiB  sa  d&ouverte  jusqu'en  1824, 

fipoque^des  demieres  I«egociationB  entre  la  France  ct  le  Gouvenieraent  Uaitien. 
Nouvello  Edition  suifie  de  pieces  officielles.     Paris;  182Q,  8vo.     Itich. 

A'ote. — Reviewed  North  American  Beview,  Boston,  sxviii.  1829,  pp.  150- 
165.    U.M.    Compare  these  two  of  Malo  with  2S  and  i3. 


BIBUOGRAPHT  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA.  67 

Ibloiiet,  V.  P.,  BaroxL — Collection  de  M^moires  ...  but  rAdministration  dcs 
Colonies.. . .     Paris :  An  X  [1802],  5  vols.  8vo.    B.M. 

Note.~-Y6L  iv.  deals  with  St.  Domingo.  It  is  divided  into  three  parts. 
Part  I.  is  descriptive  of  the  island,  its  people,  &c ;  Part  II.  relates  to  the  com- 
merce ;  and  Part  IIL  deals  with  the  administration,  justice^  police,  finances,  &c. 

See  Baynal,  Vastey. 


Xazdelle. — See  I«a  Mardelle. 

XATgry,  Pierre. — ^Documents  in6dits  snr  THistolre  de  la  Marine  et  des  Colonies — 
Samt  Domingne  en  1692.  Revue  Marit.  et  Colon.,  Paris,  v.  1862,  pp.  794-818. 
B.G.S. 

yote, — ^The  author  gives  details  from  Le  Pers's  MSS.  concerning  the  first 
settlement  of  the  French  at  St  Domingo,  and  transcrihes  Governor  Ducasse*s 
letter,  which  gives  particular^,  concerning  the  island  in  1692. 

Marie. — Souvenirs  d'Am^rique.  Relations  d*un  voyage  au  Texas  et  en  Haiti. 
Brussels :  1863,  8vo.    O.L. 

Karl^— See  Iiaeroiz  de  MarUe. 

liMitBDBf  Bdw.  V. — Neue  Landschnecken  aus  HaitL  Malakozool.  Bl&tter,  CasscI, 
vi.  1860,  pp.  63-58.    L.S. 

Kartyr,  Peter. — See  Angleriue. 

IfagfTiff,  S. — De  Saint  Domingne.  Reflexions  extndtes  d*un  M^moire  sur  le  Com- 
merce Maritime  et  les  Colonies.    Paris :  1824,  8vo.    A.L. 

JKelYil-Blonoourt.— Des  richesses  naturelles  de  la  R^puhlique  HaXtienne  ct  de  sa 
situation  ^conomique.    Paris :  1861, 8vo. 

Note, — Reviewed,  Zcit  AUgem.  Erdkunde,  Berlin,  n.s.  xiv.  1863,  pp.  266- 
267.    R,G.S. 

Mtau6(tri6&, — Catalogue  de  quelques  L^pidoptdres  des  Antilles  avec  la  description  de 
plufieurs  espdces  nouvelles.  Bull  Soc.  Imp.  des  Naturalistes  de  Moscou,  v.  1832, 
pp.  291-316.    R.8. 

Note. — ^The  Lepidoptera  described  all  come  from  ELayti,  having  been  for- 
warded by  M.  Ja^er.  Thb  paper  is  reprinted  with  two  plates  (X.  and  XI.), 
Nouv.  Mem.  Soc.  Imp.  d.  Nat.  Moscou,  iii.  1834,  pp.  115-133.  R.S.  The 
author  promises  to  publish  further  information  on  the  subject,  but  does  not 
appear  to  have  done  so. 

Menonville. — See  Thiery  de  MenonviUB. 

Merchant  of  Iiondon,  A. — ^A  State  of  the  Trade  carried  on  with  the  French  on 
the  Island  of  Hispaniola  by  the  Merchants  of  North  America,  under  colour  of  flags 
of  truce,  occasioned  by  some  captures  of  the  said  flags  lately  made  by  His 
Majesty's  Ships  under  the  command  of  Admiral  Cotes.    London :  1760,  8vo. 
-^ofe.— Quoted  in  Watt's  Bib.  Brit,  B.M. 

ICetral,  Antoine. — Histoire  de  I'lnsurrection  des  Esclaves  dans  le  Nord  de  Saint 
Domingue.    Paris :  1818,  8va    Rich. 

Histoire  de  I'Expedition  Militaire  des  Fran9ais,  k  Saint  Domingue  sous 

Napol^n  Bonaparte;  suivi  des  M^moires  et  notes  d'Isaac  Louvertura,  sur  la 
XD^me  expedition,  et  sur  la  vie  de  son  p^re.  New  ed.  Paris :  1841,  8vo^  348  pp. 
B.M. 

Note, — ^With  portrait  of  Toussaint  Louverture.  The  Memoirs  of  Isaac 
Louverture  extend  over  pp.  224-324,  and  the  notes  on  his  father  pp.  324-339. 
Aooording  to  A.B.  the  1st  ed.  appeared  in  1825. 

F  2 


68       .  E!1JL[0GRA!'HV  AND  CAliTOGHArHV  OK  HiSrANIOLA. 

Moletius,  Job.— Geogrartia  CI.  Ptoleiiicei  Alt-sandrini. . . .  Venetia:  1562,  4ti>. 
B.M. 

Note. — Contains  a  new  map  (No.  64)  with  one  page  description  of  HiBiwniolft. 
The  map  is  titled  Isola  Spugnola  Nova. 
Monmonier.  — See  Chastenet-PuyB^gur. 

Monta  y  T^ada,  Antonio  dal. — Historia  Je  Santa  Domingo  liesdo  au  descnbri- 
mento  hnata  nuestraa  dias,    Ualffina :  1853,  8vo,  600  pp.    B.M.,  P.O. 

Sole. — Apparently  only  one  vol.  published.  With  portraits  of  C.  and  B. 
Columbus,  numerous  charts  of  the  coast,  and  Muuoz'  map  of  Hayti  with  tho 
aboriginal  divisions;  also  a  curious  lithograjih  representing  a  battle  between 
the  Spaniards  and  Indians,  and  one  repreaeuting  the  prison  (and  its  neighbonr- 
hood)  of  C.  Columbus.  Whence  these  drawings  are  copied  is  not  stated. 
Kontpinay. — See  Ouillermin  de  Kontpiiuiy. 
Moore. — See  Henekan,  Henilter. 

JHoreau  de  Soint-Mdry,  M.  L.  E. — Iioix  et  Constitiitioua  des  Colonies  Franfoiscs 
de  I'AmiSrique  sous  Ic  Vent;  Hiiivies,  I'D'uii Tableau  raisonni,  ..2* d'Ohservatloas 
g^nfirnieBaur  le  Climat  ...  et  lea  Mreurs  des  Hahitans  de  la  partie  Fraafoiao  de 
Saint  Domingue  ...  etc.     Paris :  1784-85,  o  vols.  4to.     B.M. 

Kote. — List  of  Governors,  Chronological  Tables  and  index  to  every  volume 
(from  1550  to  1779).  In  consequence  of  t)ie  outbreak  of  the  French  Bevolution 
the  author  did  not  publish  the  account  of  the  island  of  8.  Domingo  until  1797, 
in  Philadelphia. 

Description  topographiqiie  et  politique  de  la  partie  espagnole  do  me  de 

Saint  Domingue.    Phikdelphia :  1796,  2  vols.    A.B. 

AWe.— An  English  translation  by  W.  Cobbett,  in  B.  Jf .  (Philadelphia :  17i)6, 
2  vols.  8vo.),  with  map  and  index. 

Description  Topograph ique.  Physique,  Civile,  Poliiique  et  Historiqiie  d& 

la  Parlie  Franfaise  de  Saint-Domiiigue.  Aveo  des  Observations  gininiea  sur 
at  population,  snr  le  caractere  et  lea  inQ:urs  de  ses  divers  Habitants.  .  .  .  Ac- 
compngnfes  des  details  lea  plus  propres  &  faire  connailre  I'litat  de  cetle  Colonic  a 
I'^poquo  dn  18  Octobre  178EI.    Philadelphia:  1797-98,  2  vols.  4to.    B.M. 

Kole. — These  volumes  form  the  sequel  lo  St.  Mery's  I,oix  et  Constitutions, 
des  Col.  Fraoi'aiaes.  With  map  by  Sonis,  and  separate  indexes,  A  second 
edition  (Paris;  1875-76,  3  vols.  8vo,  B.M.),  with  Kotico  sur  M.  de  SL  M^ry 
by  L.  Gudrin,  without  any  index,  but  with  atlas. 

A'irfe.^-Iii  the  Archives  of  the  Minislire  de  la  Marino  (Paris)  are  75  vols,  in 

folio  of  M.  do  St.  Mary's  manuscripts  for  a  history  of  St,  Domingo.    A.B. 
See  al«o  Ponoe  ot  Fhelipeau. 

ISota,  Manuel  de  R.,  President. — Bios,  Pntria  y  Lihcrtad.  Bepuhlica  Domini- 
cana.  .  .  .  Ley  aobre  atnjicelca  de  importacion  y  exporlacion.  Panto  Domingo : 
1855,  4to,  48  pp.    B.M. 

A'oie.— No  title-paga.    The  Tariff, 

Mouttot,  Vienna. — Saint-Domingue  devnnt  I'Europe.  Ndcesi-ite,  L^gitlmite',, 
Facility  de  son  occupation  pnr  la  France,  dans  les  circonstances  pi^ntes.  Puisi 
1843,  8vo,  80  pp.    B.M. 

MiiUar.— iiTo/e.— In  Monatsbericht  Geaoll.  f.  Erdiunde,  Beriin,  vii.  p.  305.  viii, 
p.  288,  ix.  p.  403,  1850-52  (R.G.S.)  reference  is  made  to  the  aiitlior's. 
lectures  on  St.  Domingo, 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHT  OF  HISPANIOLA.  69 

mzUer,  Ii.,  Dr.— Erdbeben  in  HaTti.  Zcit  Allgem.  Erdkunde,  D.8.,  viii.  1860, 
pp.  509-511.    R.G.S. 

See  Dubxooa. 

IfiilUgaTi,  John."See  BoiUaoia 

Xii2oi,  Juan  BautUta. — ^Histdria  del  Nuevo-Mundo.  Madrid :  1793,  4to,  Ivii. 
and  364  pp.    B.M. 

^oie, — With  portrait  of  Columbus,  map  of  America,  inclading  EspaSlola 
with  aboriginal  nomenclature.  One  vol.  only  published.  The  English  trans- 
lation, with  pwtrait  of  Columbus  and  fac-simile  map  of  Espafiola  by  Mufioz, 
was  published  four  years  later,  and  entitled  The  History  of  the  New  World. 
London :  1797,  8vo,  552  pp.  B.M.  In  the  Introduction  the  author  gives  an 
aooonnt  of,  and  tests  the  qualifications  of,  historians  who  preceded  him. 

N.N.,  G«nt. — ^America:  or,  An  Exact  Description  of  the  West  Indies;  more 
especially  of  those  Provinces  which  are  under  the  Dominion  of  the  King  of  Spain. 
London:  1655,  8vo,  486  pp.    B.M. 

-^ofe.— Pp.  475-479  deal  with  Hispaniola. 

Kan,  Simile. — Histoire  des  caciques  d'HaTti.    Port-au-Prince :  1855,  8vo.    A.B. 
Note. — With  an  appendix  on  the  early  geography,  the  aboriginal  language, 
and  the  native  flora  by  Eugene  Kau  (A.B.),  and  reviewed  Bull,  de  la  Soc  de 
Geog.,  Paris,  5th  ser.  iv.  1862,  p.  335.    R.6.S. 

Haval  Officer. — Letter  concerning  HaytL  Blackwood's  Edinb.  Mag.,  Edinb., 
iv.  1818-19,  pp.  130-135.    B.M. 

Havarette. — See  Fernandez  de  Navarette. 

Newport. — See  HaklU3rt. 

[Hicolson,  — 9  Dominican.] — Essai  sur  UHistoire  Naturelle  de  St  Domingue 
Avec  Figures  en  Taille  Douce.    Paris :  1776, 8vo,  376  pp.    B.M.,  E.G. 

Note, — ^With  engraved  title-page  and  ten  plates.  Chapter  vii.  and  plates  9 
and  10  deal  with  the  works  of  the  ancient  inhabitants.  Deals  also  with  the 
government,  statistics,  &c. 

Nieta — See  Dorvo-Soulastre. 

Nilee,H. 

Note. — In  Niles'  Weekly  Register,  Baltimore,  xiiL  and  xiv.  1817-1818, 
xix.-xxiL  1820-1822,  xxiv.-xxix.  1823-1826  will  be  found  numerous  historical 
and  statistical  items  relating  to  Hayti. 

NoUoth,  M.  8.,  Capt.  B.N. — Reminiscences  of  St.  Domingo  in  1849.    Nautical 
Mag.,  1859,  pp.  293-307.     R.G.8. 

Note, — ^This  account  gives  an  insight  into  the  customs  of  the  country. 

H.  .  .  [Nongaret]. — ^Voyages  interressans  dans  difif^rentes  colonies  Fran^aises, 
Espagnoles,  Anglaises,  Sec ;  contenant  des  observations  importantes  relatives  d.  ces 
oontr^;  et  un  m6moire  sur  les  maladies  les  plus  communes  d.  Saint  Domingue, 
leurs  remMes  et  le  moyen  s'en  preserver  moralement  et  phisiquement.  Avec  des 
anecdotes  singuli^res,  qui  n'avaient  jamais  616  public.  Le  tout  rddig^  et  mis  au 
jour,  d*apr^  un  grand  nombre  de  manuscrits,  par  M.  N.  Londres  (Paris) :  1788, 
8vo.    Rich, 

Note. — According  to  Rich,  the  MSS.  were  those  of  M.  Boiu^eois,  M.  N.'s 
uncle. 

Oezmelin. — See  Exquemelin. 


70  BIKLIOGRAPHY  AND  t'ARTOGRAPHy  OF  HISPANIOLA. 

OKeron. — See  Du  Tertro. 

Ogllb7,  John.- — Ainpricn :  being  the  ktest  aud  most  Accurate  Description  of  tliu 
New  World. . . .     London :  1671,  fol.,  674  pp. 

Note, — In  Chap.  iii.  there  is  a  short  aocount  of  CoUimhuB's  Toyagea  to 
Hisponiola,  and  in  Chap.   xiii.  a  description  of  ihu  island,  with  double-page 
view  of  the  city  of  St.  Domingo,  ond  an  engraving  representing  the  aborigmes. 
Ouverture. — See  L'Ouverture. 
Oviedo.^ — Seu  Fernandez  de  Oviodo  y  Valdez. 

F&liBOt  de  Beauvois,  A.  M.  F.  J. — Inaeoles  recudlifi  en  Afrlque  et  en.  Amarlque, 
dans  Ics  Royaumes  d'Oware  et  de  Benin,  &  Saint  Domingue,  et  dans  lea  fitata- 
Unis,  pendant  les  Annto  1786-1797.     Paris :  1805  [-21],  fol.,  275  pp.     L.S. 

Kole, — With  90  coloured  ptntea.     The  insects  are  not  described  in  geogra- 
phical order,  but  arc  classified,  hence  the  S.  Dominguan  apecimena  are  to  be 
sought  for  throughout  the  work. 
Pane.— See  Churchill. 

Paranter,  Captain. — Itenseignements  sur  In  mouillage  dn  Petit-Tron  (Saint 
Domingue).     Annalea  Hydrograph.,  Paris,  xxiii,  1863,  pp.  338-313,     R.G.S. 

Farmentier,  Jean  et  RaouL — Le  Diaooura  de  la  Navigation  de  J.  et  It.  P.  de 
Dieppe. — Vojnge  i\  Sumatra  en  152!).  Description  de  lisle  do  Sainct-Dominigo. 
I'ublie  par  51.  Ch.  Schefer.     Paria:  1883,  8vo,  202  pp.     B.M. 

.Vo(f.— Pp.  87-101  deal  with  St.  Domingo,  and  pp.  155-108  with  the 
Account  of  the  island  given  by  Thevet  (wliiob  aeo  below).     With  indei. 
Faecual  de  Oayang:os. — Catalogae  of  the  Manuscripts  in  the  Spanish  Language 
in  the  Brillhli  Mospum.     Vol.  ii.     London:  1877. 

Nole.—Pp.  314-315  contain  81.  375,  3052-3054,  Add.  22,681-22,686.  One 
copy  of  Casatf  Brevitaima  Jidacion  de  la  OestrKcioa  de  laa  Indiat  and  seven 
copies  of  Caaat'  EUtoria  de  tai  Indiat, 

Pp.  343  and  348,  Eg.  321,  ff.  7  and  109.    Negro  and  wm  afisiri. 
353,  Eg,  323,  f.  52.    On  church  matters. 
358,  Eg.  520,  f.  133.    On  the  cession  of  a  part  of  Hiapaniola  to  France. 

362,  Add.  13,074,  f.  125  on  the  depopulation  of  the  island,  by  Dr.  P.  A. 

de  Mendofs. 

363,  Add.  13.974,  f.  131         A 

371,  Add.  13,976,  t.  6  Warioua. 

382,  Add.  13,977,  ff.  501. 505  J 

389,  Add.  13,992,  ff.  498-508.  Map  of  the  Island  of  Santo  Domingo, 
preceded  (ff.  40S-508)  by  a  printed  tract  with  the  following  title : 
Sdaeion  aumaria  del  cstOfdo  preaetite  en  que  w  holla  ta  ItUi 
L'spanolii,  ilea.,  |wr  D.  Andres  Nunez  de  Torni  (1658  ?),  fol.  10  pp. 

IKil,  La  Isla  de  Santo  Domingo,  Puertos,  Bios  y  Enscnadaa  de  la  Banda 
del  Norte  y  Sur  y  de  la  Cncsta. 

408,  Eg.  517.    This  volume  contains  29  documents  relating  to  the  island. 

409,  Add.  17,627,  ff.  1  and  16.     On  the  affairs  of  the  JesuitH. 

455,  Add.  17,583,  f.  35a    Commercial.  I 

Paul,  Q.— .Affaire  d'lIaitL     Paris :  1836,  8vo.    A.L.  ^H 

Payen,  Joseph. — Code  Noir.     Cap- Francois ;  1725.  ^^H 

Note. — A  new  edition,  edited  by  M.  Gnbet,  quoted  by  Lo  Pelletier  de 
Bt.  Remy,  iv.  p.  194. 


BIBUOGRAPHT  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA.  71 

Ptiterie.— See  Talbot  de  Felterie. 

Perin,  H^ii^ — L'Incendie  du  Cap,  ou  le  r^gne  de  Toussaint  Louverture.  Paris : 
1802, 12mo,  256  pp.    Rich. 

Pieni&res. — See  PoiBsonnier  des  Perri^rea. 

PMon. — See  Ceriaier,  Provost,  Bt.  Bemy. 

F^termaxm,  A.— Karte  der  Insel  Haiti.    Peterro.  Mitth.,  xx.  1874.    B.G.S. 
Nate. — Compiled  from  Gabb  and  Schomburgk. 

FfeiiFer,  Ik,  Dr. — Descriptions  of  Twenty-four  New  Species  of  Land  Shells, 
collected  by  M.  Sall4  on  the  Island  of  St  Domingo,  from  Mr.  Cuming's  Collection. 
Proc.  ZooL  Soc.,  London,  xx.  1852,  pp.  138-144. 

See  also  HJalmarson  and  Pfeiffer,  and  also  Weinland. 

FheUpeau. — See  Ponce  et  Phelipean. 

Fhilippi,  Ferd.  Carl,  Dr.— Geschichte  des  Freistaats  von  St.  Domingo  (Hayti). 
Dresden:  1826-27,  3  vols.  8vo.    B.M. 

Ncie. — Part  XL  of  the  Allgem.  Historische  Taschenbibliothek. 

Pinkerton,  John. — A  General  Collection  of  the  best  and  most  interesting  Voyages 
and  Travels  in  all  parts  of  the  World.    London :  1812-14, 17  vols.  4to.  B.M. 

Note, — With  index.  Yol.  xii.,  pp.  1-155  contain  life  of  C.  Columbus,  by 
his  son;  pp.  310-312  describe  Cromwell's  expedition  against  Sto.  Domingo; 
pp.  572  and  611  Sir  R.  Greenvile's  visit  to  Hispaniola. 

Pladde-Justin. — See  Barskett 

* 

Plomier,  Chas. — Description  des  Plantes  de  TAmerique  avec  leurs  Figures.  Paris : 
1693,  foL,  pp.  84.    B.M.,  L.S. 

Note. — ^With  106  plates.  Relates  chiefly  to  Santo  Domingo  and  Hayti. 
Grisebach  says  it  is  unreliable. 

Poey,  Andres. — A  Chronological  Table,  comprising  400  Cyclonic  Hurricanes  which 
have  occurred  in  the  West  Indies  and  in  the  North  Atlantic  within  362  years, 
from  1493  to  1855 ;  with  a  Bibliographical  List  of  450  Authors,  Books,  Sec,  and 
Periodicals,  where  some  interesting  accounts  may  be  found,  especially  on  the 
West  and  East  Indian  Hurricanes.  Jour.  Roy.  Greog.  Soc.,  London,  xxv.  1855, 
pp.  290-328. 

Cuban  Antiquities.    Trans.  Amer.  Ethn.  Society,  New  York,  iiL  1853, 

pp.  183-202.    B.M. 

Note. — Contains  reference  to  the  antiquities  of  S.  Domingo,  illustrated, 
from  other  authors. 

[PoiBonnier  des  Perri&res.] — TrsAi6  des  Fidvres  de  ITsle  de  S.  Domingue. 
Paris:  1763, 12mo,  180  pp.    B.M. 

[Ponoe  et  Phelipean.] — Recueil  de  Yues  des  Lieux  prinoipaux  de  la  Colonic 
Fnm^oise  de  Saint-Domingue  graves  par  les    soins  de  M.  Ponce  accompagnto 
de  Cartes  et  Plans  de  la  mSme  Colonie,  gravds  par  les  soins  de  M.  Phelipeau. 
Le  tout  principalement  destine  k  TOuvrage  intitule :  Loix  et  Constitutions  des 
Colonies  Franfoises  ...  par  M.  Moreau  de  Saint-M^.    Paris :  1791,  fol.    B.M. 
Note. — Consists  of  31  plates  of  28  views,  14  maps  and  plans,  and  2  designs 
of  sugar-works.     Some  of  these  plans  appear  to  have  been  published  separately 
in  1785,  &c. 
Porter,  David  D.    Secret  Missions  to  San  Domingo.    North  American  Review, 
New  York,  cxxviii.  1878,  pp.  616-630.    B.M. 
Note. — Political  missions  from  the  U.  States. 


4 


72  BlBLIOGRAl'HY  AND  CARTlWRAl-Hl'  'IF  HISPASIOI-A.  ^M 

PouppSe  Despartes. — Histoii'o  dea  Maladies  da  S.  Domingue,  Paris ;  1770,  3  vols. 
12mo.     B.M. 

Note. — Vol,  iii.  haa  a  title  whicli  reads  Traits  ou  Abru^e  des  Planted  Uauellea 
de  S.  Domingue. 
Pradine. — See  LinHtant  Pradine. 
Pradt— See  De  Pradt 
Prat. — Sec  I«m&rtlne  de  Prat. 
Prax,  (Freuoli  Vico-Consul  nt  Hayti). 

Nvte.— In  a  comniiiaicnlion  to  tbe  Society  he  Rtateti  that  the  word  HaTIi 
should  be  written  Ahiti,  which  is  composed  uf  three  roots — a,  flower,  hi,  great. 
It,  country.     Hence  Ahiti  signifies  Sower  of  gn.'at  coantries.     Bull,  de  la  Soc. 
do  G6og.  Paris,  4th  aer.  Ix.  1856,  p.  202.    n.G.S. 
Prevoet,  J.,   Comte  de  Limonade.— Relation  dea  Gloriotix  ilvincmcnta  Qui 
ont  port^  Leurs  Majcatds  Iloyalea  aur  le  TrCne  d'Hayti,  Siiivi  de  I'Histoire  du 
ConionnemeDt  et  du  Sacro  du  roi  Henry  ler,  et  de  la  reine  Marie-Louise,    Cop- 
Henry:  18U,  8vo,  204  pp.    B.M. 

Royftume d'Hayti.    L'Olivier  do  la  Pais.    Cap-Henry:  1815 (?),  8  pp.    B.M. 

-Vofe.^No  title-page,     Coutaius  letter  of  i>eace  to  Gen.  Pdlion. 

Pulling,  Alex, — The  Law  Iteporta.  Index  to  . . .  London  Gazette,  from  1  Jan. 
1830  to  31  Dec.  1883.    Undon :  1885,  8vo,  xlil.  and  2010  pp.    B.M. 

Note. — Pp.  785-780,  Hayti  liepublio  :  Arms,  Blockade,  Collisions,  CuBtom 

Notices,  Extradition  Treaty,  Pasaports,  Trade  and  War.     P.  RZl,  Dominican 

Bepublio ;  Cuatoma,  Porta  opened  nad  closed.  Trade  Acts,  Treaty  oF  Commerce, 

War. 

Furohas,  Samuel.— Purcbaa,  ids  Ptlsrimage.    Or  Kelations  of  the  Worhl,  and  the 

IteligioDS  ubaerved  in  all  Ages  and  Placea  disoovorod,  fi'otn  the  Creation  unto  this 

Present.    2nd  ed,  enlarged.    London :  1614,  fol.,  953  pp.    B.M. 

Note. — With  indei.  Pp.  l)05-10and  U13  clescribe  (ho  aborigines  of  HisjKiniola, 
Fnyakgxir. — See  Chaateitet-PuyBegur. 
Quesnel,  Leo. — See  Aiiguate. 

Bainaford,  Marcus,  Capt — A  Memoir  of  Transactions  that  took  place  in  St. 
Domingo  in  the  spring  of  179'J ;  aflbrding  an  idea  of  the  jiresent  state  of  that 
country,  the  real  characler  of  )le  black  governor,  Toussaint  L'Ouvertvire,  and 
the  safety  of  our  West  India  laiiinds  from  attack  or  revolt,  Londou:  1802,  8  to, 
31  pp.     B.M. 

SL  Domingo;  or  an  historical,  political,  and  military  Sketch  of  the  Black 

liepublic,  with  a  view  of  the  life  aiid  character  of  Toutisaint  L'OuTerturc,  and  the 
effects  of  his  nenly-cstablisbed  dominion  in  tjiat  pari  of  tbe  world,  2nd  ed. 
London ;  1802,  map,  8so,  83  pp.     B.M, 

An  nistorioal  Account  of  tlie  Black  Empire  of  Hayti :  comprehending  a 

view  of  the  principal  transactions  in  the  revolution  of  St.  Domingo ;  with  ita 
autieut  and  modem  alatc     London ;  1805,  4to,  477  pp.     B.M. 

Note. — With  map,  plan  of  Cap-Franvoia,  8  plates,  a  lacaimiie  letter  of 
Toussaint  L'Ouvermie,  and  an  index.  Tbe  appendix,  ]>.  365  to  end,  con^ats  of 
reprints  of  docnments  referred  to.  The  author's  remarka  on  his  prodocesBOis  in 
history  (Intiod.,  p^  xiii.)  are  worth  noting.  Reviewed,  Edinburgh  Heview,  viii. 
1806,  pp.  52-64,  B.M.;  and  Eclectic  Review,  ii.  1806,  pp.  405-414,  B.M. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA.  73 


Rftmon  Pane. — See  Churchill. 


r,  D.— Abrcg^  de  la  Geographic  d'Haiti.    Paris:   1881,   18rao,  82  pp. 
P.M.,  W.R. 

JVbte. — Compare  with  69  below, 

Baynal,  GuilL  Thomas,  Abb^. — Uistoire  Philosophique  et  Politique  des 
Etablissements  et  dn  Commerce  des  Earop^ens  dans  les  deux  Indes.  Geneya: 
1780,  6  vols.  4to.    B.M. 

Nate, — Book  vi.,  chaps.  5-7,  book  xii.,  chaps.  8  and  9,  and  book  xiii., 
chaps.  33-49,  deal  with  Hispaniola.  With  index  to  every  volume,  and  with 
atlas.  YoL  v.  contains  a  map  of  the  island  by  M.  Bonne.  An  English 
translation  was  published  and  entitled :  A  Philosophical  and  Political  History 
of  the  Settlements  and  Trade  of  the  Europeans  in  the  East  and  West  Indies. 
Edinburgh :  1782,  6  vols.  8vo.    B.M. 

Essai  sur  TAd ministration  de  St.  Domingue.    [Paris?]  1785,  8vo,  xvi.  and 


255  pp.    B.M. 

Note. — This  is  evidently  an  abridgment  of  Malouet's  work,  whicb  see. 

Beden,  Fred.  Wilh.  Otto  Lud^^.,  Baron  von. — Al]gcmeine  vergleichende 
Handels  u.  Gewerbs-Qtx)graphie  und  Statistik.  Berlin:  1844,  8vo,  1062  pp. 
B.M.,  S.S. 

-^^o<e.— Pp.  997-999  deal  with  Hayti. 

Bagnault,  £.  G.  &  O. — Histoire  des  Antilles.. . . 

Note, — Occupies  the  first  portion  (150  pp.)  of  vol.  v.  1849  of  Am6rique  of 
the  series  called  L'Univers  [Pittoresque].  Paris :  1835,  &c.  8vo.  B.M.  Pp.  1-97 
are  devoted  to  Hispaniola. 

Bernhardt,  J.,  &  LUtken,  C.  F. — Bidrag  til  det  vestinske  Urigcs  og  navnlign  til 
de  dansk- vestinske  Oers  Herpetologie.  Videnskabelige  Meddelelser  fra  den 
naturhist.  Forening,  Kopenhagen,  iv.  1863,  pp.  153-291.    L.S. 

Note. — These  tables  include  the  Reptilia  and  Batrachia  of  Hayti. 

[Eeverdi,  A.,  Jeune.] — Saint  Domingue.  Appel  ^  la  justice,  et  oourtes  observa- 
tions.   Par  un  ancien  colon.    Paris :  1825,  8vo,  8  pp. 

Quoted  in  Barbier's  Die.  des  Ouvrages  Anonymes,  Paris,  1879.    B.M. 

Bicord. — See  Ricque. 

Bicque,  C,  Dr.— Haiti  et  les  Haitiens.  Ann.  des  Voy.,  Paris,  cxc.  1866,  pp.  145- 
170.    B.M. 

Note. — ^Describes  the  customs  of  the  country.  The  author  speaks  of  the 
botanist  Bicord  as  having  given  good  and  exact  accounts  of  this  island. 

Bitter,  KarL  — Naturhistorische  Reise  nach  der  West  Indischen  Insel  Hayti,  auf 
Kosten  Sr  Majestat  des  Kaisers  von  Oesterreich.  Stutgard :  1836,  8vo,  206  pp. 
B.M.,  K.G. 

Note. — Contains  a  description  of  the  author's  travels  and  particulars  of  his 
zoological  and  botanical  collections  for  the  Imperial  Museum  in  Yienna.  With 
atlas  containing  views  of  the  Palace  of  Sans-Souci^  of  Cap-Fran9ois,  and  of  the 
Champ  de  Mars.  Reviewed,  Foreign  Quarterly  Review,  xx.  1838,  pp.  73-97. 
B.M. 

Bobertson,  W,,  DJ>. — The  History  of  America.  9th  ed.  London:  1800, 
4  vols.  8vo.    B.M. 

-^0^.— With  index.    Pp.  136-320  of  vol.  i.  deal  with  Hispaniola. 


74  WULlUGRAPHy  ANH  CAIITOCRAPHT  OK  HISPANIOU. 

Robin,  C.  C. — Voyage  dana  I'lntcrionr  de  la  Looisianne  . . .  de  St.  Domingnp 

Paria:  1807,  3  vols.  8vo.    B.M. 

XoU.~-?t;>.  257-298  of  vul.  i.  deal  with  St.  Domingo. 
Hocliaiubdau.^See  Hassal. 
Hoggevoen,  Arent. — Uet  Eoretc  Deei  van  het  Brandende  Veyn,  verglicliende 

1,'elieel  Weal  Indieu Amataldara:  fol.  [1675  ?]  02  pp.     B.M. 

A'ote. — Pp.  37-47  deal  with  Hispaniola.     Witli  four  maps  and  numerous 
elevations.     An  English  translation  published  at  same  date  and  place,  B.M. 
This  work  is  a  "Sailing  Directions." 
Roaelly  de  Lotgneo,  Count. — Christophe  Colonjb.    HIstoiro  do  sa  vie  et  de  ses 

voyages Paris :  1S56,  2  vols.  8vo.     B.M. 

Note. — Contains  Del  Riacon's  portrait  of  Columbos,  a  steel  engraving  of 
C'a  three  caravels  and  C.'s  arms  (coloured).     Several  editions  and  translations. 

Ili-Htoire  Posthome  de  Christoplio  Cobmh. 

A'ufc— Quoted  hy  J.  F.  Biafio  In  Atliennjum,  No.  3036,  p.  26,  1886. 

RoBiers,  Comte  do. — L'EQtree  du  Hoi  en  sn  Capitale,  Opera  Vaudeville.    Pans 

Solid :  1818,  8vo,  43  pp. 

A'o/f.— Reviewed,  North  American  Review,  Boston,  xii.  1821,  pp.  113-134. 
B.M. 
■  Ilayti  Rcoounaiaaanto  on  rcponse  ^  un  ecrit  imprime  a  Ixjndres  intitukle 

L'Eurojw  Cbilti.-.e,  et  rAfrique  Vengte.. . .     Sans  Souci :  1819,  8vo,  24  pp.    B.M. 
Roth,  Hsnry  Iiing. — The  AboHgiaoB  of  Hispaniola.    Journ.  Anthrop.  Inst.,  ivi. 

1887,  Si  pp. 
BoUBeau  de  Iiolret,  A. — De  la  RepuLli^ue  de  Haiti,  !le  Saiat  Domiugue,  con- 

sid^r^  sous  ses  differens  rapports,  ses  forces,  sen  moyens  physiques  et  morauz  et 

le  caracibre  national  de  sea  habitanE.    Obecrvatioos  faitea  sue  lea  lieiix  par 

M.A.Ii....dansaonvoy^ode  1817al818.    Paris:  1818,  8to.    Rich. 
Bnschhaupt,  F.— On  the  Salt  Mines  of  St.  Domingo.    Qunrt.  Joum.  Oeol,  Soc, 

I-ondon.  xxv.  18G!I,  pp.  256-25B. 

Ryder,    Thomas.— Account  of   Antiquities  from  St,   Domingo.      Arcbeologin, 
xiii.  London,  180O,  pp.  206-207.     B.M. 

A'ole. — With  plate  showing  amall  figures  taken  from  ,i  cave. 
Sainebury. — See  Calendar  of  State  Papers. 

8alnt-Amaiid.^Histoire  dcs  Revolutions  d'Halti.    Paris :    18U0,  8vo,  386  pp. 
B.M.,  P.O. 

jVoic— Apparently  only  the  first  volume  published,  dating  from  1789  to 
1702. 
Saint  CrolT,  an  American  [lie]. — Life  in  Hayti.    The  Knickerbocker,  New 
York,  iviii.  1841,  jui.  300-306,  489-494;  six.  1842,  pp.  34-40,  246-253,  313- 
321,  452-461,  540-547 ;  and  xs.  IH42,  pp.  153-163,  209-216.     B.M, 

St.  John,  Spencer,  K.C.M.a.— Hayti,  or  the  Block  RepubUo,     London,  1884, 
8vo,  xvi.  and  343  pp.    B.M. 

.Voie.— With  map.     Very  good  description  of  the  country  and  the  people, 

with  historical  notes  and  accounts  of  the  Vitidoux  (snake)  worship,  caunihaUKin, 

and  litBrature. 

Bt.  Xiry. — See  Horeau  de  Saint  Mery. 


^ 


BIBUOGRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA.  75 

St  Bemy,  lie  Felletier  de. — Saint-DomiQique — Etude  et  solution  nouvelle  de  la 
Qoestion  Haitienne.    Paris :  1846,  2  vols.  8vo.    B.M.,  F.O. 

Note, — ^The  three  first  books  deal  with  the  history,  the  last  with  the  solution. 
With  specially  prepared  map,  copy  of  the  Haytian  Constitution  of  1844,  and 
short  Bibliography.  Reviewed  Bull,  de  la  Soc.  de  Geogr.,  Paris,  3rd  ser.,  y. 
1846,  ppu  349-364.    R.G.S. 

Saint-Domingue  et  les  nouveaux  int^rdts  maritimes  de  TEspagne.    Paris : 

1861, 8m     O.L. 

Note^ — Reprinted  from  Revue  des  Deux  Mondes. 

8t  Bemy,  Jos. — Vie  de  Toussaint  L'Ouverture.    Paris :  1850,  8vo,  408  pp.    B.M. 
Note. — ^The  author  had  access  to  the  archives  of  the  (Paris)  Ministry  of 
Marine  and  Colonies  and  also  to  those  of  the  Ministry  for  War.    With  portrait 
and  autograph  of  L'Ouverture. 

M^moires  du  G^n^ral  Toussaint-L'Ouverture  Merits  par  lui-mSme,  pouvant 

servir  k  raistoire  de  sa  Vie,  om^  d'un  beau  portrait  grav6  par  Choubard,  pr^c^^ 
d'une  £tude  Historique  et  Critique,  suivis  de  Notes  et  Renseignements,  Avec  un 
Appendice  contenant  les  opinions  de  TEmpereur  Napoleon  I*'  sur  les  ^v^ements 
de  Saint-Domingue.    Paris :  1853,  8vo,  157  pp.    BM. 

Petion  et  Haiti.    £tude  Monographique  et  Historique.    Paris:  1854-58,. 


5  vols.  8vo.    B.M. 

Note. — ^Portrait  of  A.  Petion  in  Ist  vol.    Yols.  iii.-v.  wanting  in  B.M. 
According  to  A.B  the  author  died  before  completing  the  work. 

See  also  Boisrond-Tonnerre  et  St.  Bamy. 


Saint  Sauveur. — See  Qrasset  de  Saint  Sauveur. 

BalU,  Au^.— Description  de  dix  nouvelles  espdces  de  Col^ptdres,  recueillis  de  1849 
a  1851  dans  la  R^publique  Dominicaioe.    Ann.  de  la  Soc.  Entomologique  de 
France,  Paris,  1854  and  1865,  iii.  pp.  263-272,  and  iv.  pp.  687-692.    L.S. 
Note. — ^With  two  coloured  plates. 

Liste  des  Giseaux  rapports  et  observes  dans  la  R^publique  Dominicaine 

(Andenne  partie  Espagnole  de  Ttle  St.  Domingue  ou  d'HaYti)  par  ....  pendant 
8on  voyage  de  1849  k  1851.  Proc.  Zool.  Soc.  London,  Part  xxv.  1857,  pp.  230-231. 
L.S. 

Note. — ^With  accounts  of  habits  of  some  of  the  birds. 

Sanchez- Valverde,  Ant. — Idea  del  valor  de  la  Isla  Espafiola,  y  utilitades  que  do 
e]]a  puede  sacar  su  monarquia.    Madrid :  1785,  4to,  xx.  and  212  pp.    B.M. 
Note.—^A  statistical  account,  with  coloured  map,  of  the  island. 

[Sanchez-Valverde,  Ant.] — ^La  America  vindicada  de  la  calumnia  de  haver  sido- 
madre  del  mal  venereo :  por  el  autor  de  la  Idea  del  valor  de  la  Isla  Espailola. 
Madrid :  1785,  4to,  80  pp.    Rich. 

Banders,  Prince. — By  Authority.  Haytian  Papers.  A  Collection  of  the  very 
interesting  Proclamations  and  other  official  documents;  together  with  some 
account  of  the  rise,  progress,  and  present  state  of  the  Kingdom  of  Hayti.  With 
a  preface  by  Prince  Sanders,  Esq.,  Agent  for  the  Haytian  Government.  London  : 
1816,  8vo,  227  pp.    B.M. 

' A  Memoir  presented  to  the  American  Convention  for   promoting  the 

Abolition  of  Slavery. .  .  .  Oontidning  Some  Remarks  upon  the  Civil  Dissensions 
of  the  hitherto  afflicted  People  of  Hayti,  as  the  Inhabitants  of  that  Island  may  be 
connected  with  Plans  for  Emigration. ,. •  Philadelphia:  1818,  8vo,  19  pp» 
B.M. 


70  cmuijfiiiArHV  and  cartographv  of  hispaniola. 

SauBBure,   H.— M^moire  aur  Divers  Cruslaces  Nouveaux    <les  Aatille*  et  du 
MeMque.    Mem.  Soc.  Phys.  d'Hist.  Nat.  Geneva,  xiv.  1858,  pp.  417^96.    2.S. 
Note. — With  plates.     It  includes  several  species  found  near  Jacmel,  Hayti, 
Setaefer. — See  Parmentier  and  also  TbeveU 

Behcslolier,  Victor. — ColouieH  Etrangtres  et  Haiti.  P.usullats  tie  I'firaancipation 
Anglaise.     P«ris;  1843.  2  vols.  Svo.     B.M. 

Note. — An  bistorical  account  &nd  a  description  of  the  state  aud  inHtitutions 
of  t1ie  island  arc  given  on  pp.  37-351,  vol.  ii.  With  map.  Reviewed,  Foreign 
Qaarterly  Review,  xxxiii.  1844,  pp.  443-458. 

See  also  Aususte. 

SobombuTgk,  Bob.  H.,  Sir,  H.B.U.  Consul  .it  the  Dominican  Bepublic. — Letter 
from,  at  St.  Domingo,  addressed  to  Huraboldl^  Mooawberichte  Geseil.  f.  Erd- 
kuiido,  Berlin,  new.  ser.  viii.  1851,  pp.  13-15.    R.G.S. 

On  the  Currents  and  Tides  of  the  Southern  Coasts  of  SainUDorniiigo.    Naut. 

Mag.,  1852,  pp.  289-202.    R.G.S. 

On  the  Geographical  Position  of  the  Cily  of  Sanlo  Domingo.     Kaut.  Mag., 

1862,  pp.  412-418.    ll.G.S. 

Ethiiol<^cal  Researches  in  Sooto  Domingo.    Rep.  2lBt  Meeting  of  the  Brit. 

Assoc.,  London,  1852.     B.H. 

Note, — On  pp.  90-92  of  the  Notices  and  Abstracts.  The  ahslract  ol  a  letter 
to  l*riQce  Albert,  dated  IGth  March,  1651.    See  below,  1854,  Etbnol.  Soc. 

Visit  to  the  Valley  ot  Constania,  in  the  Cibao  Mountains  of  the  Island  of 

St.  Domiogo,  and  to  an  Indian  Burial-ground  in  its  Vicinity.    The  Atlienffium, 
1862,  pp.  797-790. 

Remarks  on  the  Principal  Ports  and  Anchoring  Places  along  the  Coast  of 

the  Dominican  Republic.    Naut.  Mag..  1853,  pp.  202-207,  225-232,  304-313, 
340-349,  and  276.     R.G.S. 

A'o/e.^This  [paper  was  republished  at  Santo  Domingo  in  1653,  entitled 
Reserm  de  los  Principalcs  Puertos  y  Pnntos  de  Anclsje  de  la  Costa  de  k 
Republica  Dominicana.    41o,  36  pp.    A.D. 

The  Peninsula  and  Biiy  of  Samana,  in  the  Dominican  Republic      Hoy. 

Geogr.  Soc,  London,  xxiii.  1853,  8td,  pp.  261-283. 

Note. — Willi  map.    Historical,  geographical,  geological,  and  other  notes. 

The  Loadstone  Mountain  at   Santo  Domingo.     The  Athenainm,  18G3, 

pp.  739-740. 

Ethnological  Researches  in  Uta  Domingo,     Ethnol,  Soc.  Joiir.,  London,  iiL 

1854,  pp.  114-122.    A.I.,  R.S.,  B.M. 

A'ole. — Gives  accounts  of  the  drawings  and  terra-cotta  figures  found  in  the 
Pommier  Caves  and  of  a  granitic  ring  about  700  feet  in  diameter  at  San  Juan  de 
Migiuina.    With  two  plates.    Same  as  letter  above  to  Prince  Albert. 

Hurricane  at  Santo  Domingo.    The  Atbenttum,  1855,  pp.  1273-4.  ■ 

iVute. — The  hurricane  described  occurred  on  2(llh  August,  1855. 

Soillaoio,  Ifflaolo. — Kicolaus  Syllacius  de  IdeuIls  Meridian!  atque  ludici  Maria 
Nuper  luventis.  With  a  translation  by  the  Kev,  John  Mulligan.  New  York: 
1859,  4lo,  PI),  sviii.,  106,  and  Ixiii.     B.M. 

Notr. — This  is  aa  account  of  the  second  voyage  of  Colainbiis  by  one  of  his 
companions,  G.  Coma.  Privately  printed.  Edited  by  James  Lenox.  It  contAins 


BIBLIOGRAPHT  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA.  77 

introduction  and  notice  of  life  of  the  author  of  the  letter ;  the  letter  in  Latin 
and  in  English,  and  notes  to  the  translation;  a  translation  of  Dr.  Ghanca*8 
letter  of  the  same  voyage,  taken  from  Major's  Select  Letters  of  C.  Golnmhus ; 
and  a  Bibliography  of  the  contemporaneous  accounts  of  the  voyages  of 
Columbus,  illustrated  with  facsimile  woodcuts. 

Settler. — Life  in  Santo  Domingo.  By  A  Settler.  With  an  Introduction  ex- 
planatory by  Richard  B.  Kimball.    New  York  :  1873, 12mo,  308  pp.    B.M. 

Note, — A  twelvemonth's  stay  described  by  an  immigrant;  evidently 
written  with  a  view  to  induce  Americans  to  immigrate  to  the  island. 

Shepherd,  A.  E. — ^The  Island  of  St.  Domingo.  Hunt's  Merch.  Mag.,  New  York, 
xlviii.  1863,  pp.  361-363.    B.M. 

Note. — ^In  this  account  the  author  refers  to  an  old  parchment  possessed  by 
the  Archbishop  of  St.  Domingo  concerning  the  trial  of  some  aborigines  accused 
of  invoking  spirits  by  the  aid  of  a  liquid  distilled  from  a  plant  called  Zamiaca ; 
other  customs  of  the  Indians  are  also  said  to  be  given  in  this  parchment. 

SismondL — See  Vaetey. 

Smyth,  W.  H. — See  BenBoni. 

Southey,  Thos.,  Commander  B.N. — Chronological  History  of  the  West  Indies. 
London :  1827,  3  vols.  8vo.    B.M. 
Note, — Comes  down  to  1816. 

Soulaetre. — See  Dorvo-Soula«tre. 

Soulouque. — See  BrittanniouB,  IVAlaux,  Dhormoys,  Qu^rin,  Trollope. 

Sowerby. — See  Heniker. 

Speer,  Jos.  Smith*  Capt. — ^The  West  India  Pilot  London :  1771,  fol.  67  pp. 
KM. 

Note. — Contains  several  charts  of  Hispaniola  ports  with  sailing  directions. 

Stevens. — See  Herrera,  Veitia  Iiinage. 

Stockdale,  Percivale. — A  letter  from  Percivale  Stockdale  to  Granville  Sharpe, 
Ksq.    Suggested  to  the  author  by  the  present  insurrection  of  the  negroes  in  the 
island  of  St.  Domingo.    London :  1792,  8vo,  28  pp.    Rich. 
Note. — In  defence  of  the  negroes  (Bich). 

Streoter. — See  Kolb. 

Stuart,  B.,  Major. — Report  on  the  Island  of  Hayti  for  the  year  1876.  Com- 
mercial [Consular]  Report  Na  17,  pp.  63-133.    London :  1877,  8vo.    F.O. 

Note. — Consists  of  a  description  of  the  country  and  a  full  account  of  its 
present  state,  &c, 

Haiti,  or    Hispaniola.     Jour.    Roy.   Geogr.  Soc.,  London,    xlviii.  1878, 

I'D.  234-274. 

Note. — A  short  account  of  the  island  and  of  its  products. 

Swartz,  Olaf,  M.D. — Nova  Genera  et  Species  Plantarum  sen  Prodromus  descrip- 
tioDum  Vegetabilium,  maximum  partem  incognitorum,  quoo  sub  itinere  in  Indiam 
Occidentalem  Annis  1783-1787  digessit....  Holmise,  Upsalias,  et  Aboce: 
1788.  8vo,  158  pp.    L.S.,  B.M. 

Note, — ^The  plants  described  were  collected  in  Cuba,  Jamaica,  and  His- 
paniola.   With  plates  in  fol. 

Talbot  de  Pelterie.— Mdmoire  sur  rile  d'Haiti.  Paris:  1841,  8vo,  32  pp. 
AX.,  Rich. 


78 


BIBLIOGISAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA, 


T^ada. — See  IScmto  7  Tegiida. 

Tejera,  E. — Los  ReBtos  de  Colon  en  Bnnto  Domingo.    Santo  Domingo :  1878,  8vo, 
70  pp.    B.M. 

Noie. — A  second  edition  with  different  title,  publiBhed  in  1879,  8vo,  111  pp. 
F.O.     An  account  of  tho  supposed  discovery  in  1877. 
Tertre.— See  Du  Tertre. 

Tlieureau,  Iiouia. — Ha'j'tt  et  ses  emprunts.    Paris:  1875,  8vo,  29  jip.    B.H. 
Thevet,  Andrfi. — Isle  de  Haity  on  Espagnole. 

ifo(e,— Publifihcd  in  pji,   155-168  of  Le-Disconre  do  la  Navigation  At 

I.  et   B,  Parmeutier  (Paris,  1883,   B.M.),  which  see  above.      M.  Ch.  Shefer 

thiiikH   (p.   xxvii.)  that  Tbevet  got  his  inrormation  jrom  Pormentier.     Tlie 

M.S.  of  Tbevet  is  in  tlie  Biblioth^ue  N'at.  at  Paris. 

ThWry  deMenonville.— Traite  de  la  Culture  du  Nopal  et  de  I'dducation  de  la 

Cochinelle,  Dana  lea  Colonies  Franjaises  de  I'Ain^riijue... .     Cnp-Franfais  [and 

Paris  and  Bordeaux] :  1787,  2  parts,  8vo.     li.M. 

Ji'ole. — Wilb  a  view  to  the  introduction  of  tbe  cactus  and  cochineal  into 
81.  Domingo. 
Thompson.— See  Alcedo. 
Tonueire, — See  BoiHroad-ToDnerre. 
Tordeeilltts. — Bt*  Herrera  TordeBiUaa, 
TousBaint  L'Ouverture. —  See  L'Ouverture,  T, 
Travello,  MarqTiia. — See  Fern  an  dee  de  Oviedo  y  Valdoz. 
Tristram,  H.  B.,  r.E.a— On  a  Collection  of  San  Domingo  Birds.  The  Ibis,  Stli 
ser..  ii.  1884,  pp.  167-168. 

A'uff. — The  collection  mas  made  by  Mr.  C.  M'Grigor. 

West  Indies  nml  the  Spanish  Main.    London :  1859, 


I 


Trollope,  Anthony.- 

8vo,  394  pp     B.M. 

jVuie.— Chap. 


i.  (pp.  113-116)  contains  an  account  of  Soulonquo's  fiigUt 


-Floredes  Antilles....     Paris:  1808,  4  vols,  fol. 
i.  only  at  B.M.     On  pp.  7-46  of  the  introdiiclion  the  author,  a 


TuBsac,  r.  E.  do.— 

^^^_  colonist  of  Saint  Domingne,  describes  the  honors  of  the  revolution. 

^^^^^  TwisB,  Sir  Travers. — Christojiher  Columbus  :  a  Monograpli  on  His  True  Burial 

^^^P  Place.     London :  1879,  8vo,  22  pp.     F.O.,  H.M. 

^^^^H  iVoie.— Reprinted  from  Nautical  Magazine 

n  Twltt.— See  Hakluyt. 

V  Uhler,  P.  B. — Some  Ilemnrlifi  upon  the  Odonata  of  Hayii.     Proe.  Boston  Soc. 

^^^  Nat.  Hist.,  xi.  1868,  pp.  29.^-298.     L.S. 

^^^^L  A'off. — On  some  dragon  Hies  collected  in  Uay li. 

^^^^1  United  States  Commission. — Dominican  Ilepublic.    Beport  of  the  Commission 

^^^H  of  Inquiry  to  Santo  Domingo,  &c.     Washington  :  1871,  8vo,  297  pp.    B.U.a 

^^^^H  Note. — This  Commissiou  examined  the  country  with  a  view  to  annexation. 

^^^^1  The  geographical,  social,  agricultural,  geological,  and  other  feature£  are  examintnl 

^^^^H  fairly  folly,  and  besides  the  mass  of  political  information  there  are  also  mtmer- 

^^^H  ouB  notes  on  almost  everything  of  pmctical  interest,    A  collecticn  of  the  Son 

^^^H  obtained  is  to  be  found  at  Rew,  but  no  account  appears  («  have  been  |)ublished. 


BIBUOGRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA.  79 

Underhilly  Bdw.  Bean. — ^The  West  IndieB :  Their  Social  and  Religious  Condition. 
London :  1862,  8vo,  493  pp.    R.G.S.,  KM. 

Note. — Pp.  103-176  deal  with  Hayti ;  this  portion  is  reviewed  and  extracts 
translated  in  Das  Ansland,  Aogsbarg,  1862,  pp.  230-232. 

Valdes. — See  Femandes  de  Oviedo  y  Valdes. 

Valverde. — See  Banohes  Valverde. 

Van  Heuvel,  J.  A. — Origin  of  the  Indian  Race  of  Hayti.    Amer.  Jour.  Science, 
Ixxxv.  (new  ser.  xxxv.),  New  Haven,  1863,  pp.  171-180.    R.S. 

Vamhagen,  Francisco   AdoL   de. — ^La  Yerdadera  Guanahani  de  Colon.... 
Santiago:  1864,  8vo,  xiv.,  x.,  and  120  pp.    B.M.,  R.G.S. 

Note, — Las  Casas'  abbreviation  of  Columbus's  personal  narrative.  An 
abbreviated  translation  of  the  above  appeared  in  Vienna,  1869:  Das  Wahre 
Guanahani  des  Columbus,  8vo,  30  pp.    R.G.S. 

Vaatey,  Baron  de. — Reflexions  politiques  sur  les  noirs  et  les  blancs,  la  civilisa- 
tion de  TAfrique,  le  Royaume  d'Haiti.    Cap-Henry,  1816,  8vo,  112  pp. 

Nate. — ^Reviewed  in  Quarterly  Review,  xxi.  1819,  pp.  430-460,  B.M.,  and 
North  American  Review,  Boston,  xii.  1821,  pp.  112-134. 

Reflexions  politiques  Sur  Quelques  Ouvrages  et  Joumaux  Fran9ais,  Con- 

cemant  HaytL    Sans-Soaci :  1817,  8vo,  207  pp.    B.M. 

Note, — Annexed  are  some  proclamations  of  Dessalines,  King  Henry,  and 
others.  Reviewed,  North  American  Review,  xii.  Boston,  1821,  pp.  112-134. 
B.M. 

• Essai  sur  les  Causes  de  la  Revolution  et  des  Guerres  Civiles  d'Hayti,  Faisant 

saite  aux  Reflexions  Politiques  Sur  Quelques  Ouvrages  et  Joumaux  Fran9ais, 
Concemant  Hayti.    Sans-Soud  :  1819,  8vo,  403  pp.    B.M. 

An  Essay  on  the  Causes  of  the  Revolution  and  Civil  Wars  of  Hayti,  being  a 

sequel  to  the  Political  Remarks  upon  certain  French  publications  and  journals 
concerning  BCayti.  Translated  from  the  French  by  W.  H.  M.B.  Exeter :  1823, 
8?o,  pp.  ix.,  240,  and  cxviii.    B.M. 

Note, — ^The  Appendix  contains  reprints  of  numerous  State  Papers. 

Le  Systdme  Colonial  Ddvoiie.    Le  voila  done  ce  secret  plein  d'horreur :  Le 

Syst^me  Colonial,  c'est  la  Domination  des  Blancs,  c'est  le  Massacre  ou  TEsclavagc 
des  Noirs.    Cap-Henry :  1814,  8vo,  97  pp.    B.M. 

■ Notes  k  M.  le  Baron  de  V.  P.  Malouet  ...  en  refutation  du  4^me  volume 

de  son  ouvrage,  intitule :  Collection  de  Memoires  sur  les  Colonies,  et  particulidre- 
ment  sur  Saint-Domingue,  etc  Publie  en  TAn  X :  Cap-Henry :  1814,  8vo, 
24  pp.    B.M. 

Political  Remarks  on  some  French  Works  and  Newspapers,  concerning 

Hayti  ...  At  Sans-Souci,  from  the  King's  Printing  Office,  1817,  the  14th  of 
Independence.  The  Pamphleteer,  London,  xiii.  1818,  1819,  pp.  165-230. 
BJn«,  S.S. 

• Reflexions  sur  une  lettre  de  Mazeres,  ex-colon  fran9ais,  adressee  a  M.  J.  C  .L. 

Sismonde  de  Sismondi,  Sur  les  Noirs  et  les  Blancs,  la  Civilisation  de  TAfrique,  le 
Royaume  d'Hayti,  etc.    Cap-Henry :  1816,  8vo,  112  pp.    B.M. 

Vega,  Fr.  Manuel  de  la. — Historia  del  Descubrimiento  de  la  America  Septen- 
trional por  Cristobal  Colon. . . .     Mexico :  1826,  4to,  237  pp.    B.M. 


80  imiU(ifii:Arin'  aki-  c.M;Ti.)GRAniv  ok  hispaxiola. 

Veitia  Iiiiia£a>  Jos.  de. — The  KjiniiiBl]  Ritb  of  Tmde  iii  the  Wett  Injin. , 
Loudon :  1702,  8vo,  1D9  pp.    B.U. 

Note.— With  index.     Pp.  263-2e'J  deal  with  Hiapaniola.     Tmnslaled  by 
J.  Stevens.    The  original  Spanish  edition  iu  B.M.  appeared  in  1671. 

Venault  do  CharmUly,  Colonel. — Lettre  h  M.  Bryan  Edwards,  Membrc  du 
Fiirlecmnt  d'Angletprre,  ot  de  l.i  Hoci(5ti5  Ittiyale  de  Londren,  Colon  Proprietnire  a 
la  JaTnalque,  en  refutation  da  son  ouvnige,  intitule  Tuea  Historiqoea  but  la  Culooie 
Franfaise  de  Saint-Domingtie,  etc.,  etc.,  pnbli^  en  Mara  dernier.  London :  1797, 
4to,  234  pp.    B.M. 

Soft. — An  Euglish  tmniilfltiuu  of  some  date,  4io.     ]i.M. 

Vielllot,  li.  F. — Bistoirc  Naturellc  des  Oiseaux  de  I'Amerique  Scpteatrionale. 
Paris:  1807,  2  vols.  fol.    Z.8.,  B.M. 

Note, — The  author  spent  aonie  time  at  Hayti  and  includes  the  birds  found 
there  in  this  ivork. 
VloloMtiel,  H.—Mdnioire  sur  Saint  Domingue.     Bordeaus:  1821,  8to.     Rich. 
Vuillemin,  A. — Carto  do  Die  de  Hafti,  dresefc  sur  ordre  . , .  pour  I'enseignement  d? 

la  jeunesso  haVlicnne,     Paris :  18C2.     P.M. 
W,,  F.  &  C,  a.  W.— Christophe,  late  Emperor  of  Bayti.     Blackwood's  Edinburgh 

Magazine,  Edinburgh,  x.  1821,  pp.  545-562.     B.M. 
Wallace,  A,  B. — Tho  Geograpliical  Distribution  of  Aniuiala.      London :  iy7{;, 
Zvols.     n.M. 

,Vi;/e.— In  vol.  ii.  pp.  60-HO,  tlie  \Veat  Indian  Islands,  or  Antillenn  Buh- 
Region  (as  part  of  the  Neotropical  Region),  are  descrilied,  tie  Haytiau 
Mammalia  and  Ares  being  enumerated. 

WnlleB,  M.^ — Pnkia  historique  dea  n^gociations  entre  la  France  et  Saint  Domlnguc ; 
Buivi  de  pieces  juati6catiTeB  et  d'uiie  notice  biographique  eur  1b  g£n£ml  Boyer, 
prudent  de  la  IWpublique  d'HaVti.     Paris :  1820,  Svo,  488  pp.     A.L.,  Bich. 
Walsh,  Bobert  K. — My  Mission    to  San  Domingo.      Lippincott'a    Magasin?, 

Philadelphia,  vii.  1871,  pp.  2113-307.     B.M. 
Walton,  Wm.,  Jiin. — Present  Slnt«  of  the  Spanish  Colonies  ;  including  a  jisrticu- 
lar  report  of  Ui?;ianiola,  or  the  Spanish   Part  of  Santo  Domingo ;  .  .  ,  by  .  .  . 
Secretary  to  the  Expedition  which  captured  the  city  of  .Santo  Bomingo  from  the 
French,  and  Itesident  British  Agent  there.    Loudon ;  1810,  2  vols.  8to.    B.M. 
Nole. — VoU  i.  is  almost  wholly  devoted  to  an  account  oC  the  island,  its 
aborigines,  &c    With  portrait  of  Ferdinand  VII.  of  Spain  and  plan  of  route  of 
British  army,  including  one  of  the  city  of  S.  Domingo.    A  2nd  ed.  appeared  in 
1812   with  altered   title-page.       lieviewed,  Edinburgh    Review,   xv'u.  1611, 
pp.    372-381,   B.M.,  and   Nouv.   Annal.  des   Voyages,  Paris,  xxiii,  1814. 
pp.  373-386,  B.M. 
Walton,  William. — Report  on  the  Mince  known  in  the  Eastern  Division  ofHayti, 

iuid  the  facilities  of  working  them.    Loudon :  1825,  fi\-o,  47  pp.    B.M. 
Wanta. — See  Dolmae. 

Weinland,!}.  P.,  I>r. — Some  Points  in  the  Zoology  of  Haytl.  Proc.  Boston  (U.S.) 
-Nat.  Hist.  Soc.,  Boston,  vi.  ISSSI,  pp.  252-2C7.    L.S. 

Nole. — Notes  on  the  sea-shore  and  on  the  Nurtlicm  Sea  ofHayti. 
Die  Hausthiere  Haiti's.    Der  Zool.  Garten,  Berlin,  i.  1860,  pp.  ti-12.    R,S. 


^ 


BIBLIOGRAPHT  AND  CARTOGRAPHT  OF  HISPANIOLA.  81 

Wdziland,  D.  R,  Dr. — ^Diagnoeen  einfger  neuen  westindiscben  Landschnecken. 
MalakozoologiBcbe  Blatter,  Gassel,  ix.  1862,  pp.  86-97  and  194-199.    L.S. 

SoU, — ^The  snails  described  come  chiefly  from  HaytL  On  pp.  199-202  Dr. 
L.  Pfeiffer  makes  some  remarks  on  the  above,  entitled :  **  Bemerkungen  zu  den 
beschriebenen  Arten.'* 

Beaehieibang  nnd  Abbildung  von  drei  neuen  Saoriem  (Embryopua  Habichii 


u.  AmphisbsBna  innocens  von  Haiti,  etc.).   AbbandL  Senckenbergs.  Natorf.  Gesell. 
Frankfurt  A.  M.,  iv.  1862-63,  pp.  131-143.    L.S. 

WeiflB,  John. — ^The  Horrors  of  San  Domingo.  The  Atlantic  Monthly,  Boston, 
1862-63,  vol.  ix.  pp.  732-754 ;  x.  pp.  212-227  and  847-368 ;  and  xi.  pp.  289- 
306  and  768-786.    B.M. 

NoU. — ^Describes  the  cruelties  of  the  Spaniards,  of  the  slave-otwners,  &c. 

How  Haiti  was  settled.    Old  and  New,  Boston,  iii.  1871,  pp.  672-683. 

WilliB,  N.  Parker.— A  Health  Trip  to  the  Tropics.  London:  1854,  12mo, 
418  pp.    B.M. 

NcfU. — Pp.  251-258  give  a  pleasant  short  account  of  the  people  of  Hayti. 

Wimpffen,  F.  A.  8.,  Baron  de. — A  Voyage  to  Saint  Domingo,  In  the  years  1788, 
1789,  and  1790.  Translated  from  the  original  manuscript,  which  has  never  been 
published,  by  J.  Wright.    London :  1797,  8vo,  371  pp.    B.M. 

Voyage  ^  Saint  Domingue,  pendant  lea  ann^  1788, 1789  et  1790.    Paris  : 

1797, 2  vols.  8vo.    B.M. 

Nott, — This  original  was  published  a  few  months  after  the  appearance  of 
the  English  translation.    Separate  index  to  each  volume. 

Wytfliet,  Com. — Descriptiones  Ptolemaicas  Augmentum  sive  Occidentis  Kotitia 
Bievi  commentario  illustrata.  . . .    Lovanii :  1597,  4to,  192  pp.    B.M. 
^o<«.«-Pp.  145-150  deal  with  Hispaniola.    With  map. 

Toung. — See  Edwards. 


in.    ANONYMOUS  PUBLICATIONS. 

1*  Relation  verdadera,  en  que  sedk  quente  del  horrible  Hurac^n  que  sobrevino  k  la 
Isla,  y  Puerto  de  Santo  Domingo  de  los  Espafloles  el  dia  quinze  de  Agosto  de 
1680.. . .     Madrid :  foL,  4  pp.    B.M. 

Note. — ^No  title-page.    No  date.    With  list  of  ships  destroyed. 

2.  Lettres  Patentes  Pour  I'^tablissement  de  la  Gompagnie  Boy  ale  de  Saint- 

Domingue.    Paris :  1698,  4to,  8  pp.    B.M. 
Note, — ^No  title-page. 

3.  Lettres  Patentes  du  Boy  Portant  authorisation  des  Statuts  et  B^lemens  faits  par 

la  Gompagnie  Boyale  de  Saint  Domingue.    Paris :  1716,  4to,  3  pp.    B.M. 
Note, — No  title-page. 

4.  Statuts  et  B^glemens  Faits  par  la  Gompagnie  Boyal  de  Saint-Domingue  en  ^xi- 

cution  de  TArticle  XXIII  des  Lettres  Patentes  de  sob  ifitablissement  du  mois 
de  Septembre  1698,  pour  la  K^gle,  Police  et  Gonduite  de  ses  Habitations  ct  de 
son  Gommerce  dans  T^tendue  de  sa  Golonie.    Paris :  1716,  4to,  7  pp.    B.M. 
Note, — ^No  title-page. 
TOL.  n.  o 


BIBUOGRAPIIV  ASD  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA. 

'.  Affiiirea  Ae  8Aint-DoniiDgue  1750-1764,  2  vols.  fol. 

Note. — HSS.  in  tbo  Library  of  the  D^parUiraeDt  dc  la  Marin?,  Fatu, 
quoted  by  Lepelletier  de  St  Itemy,  ii.  p.  548. 
'.  Real  CompaBiA  de  Commercio  para  las  IbUs  de  Santo  Domingo,  Puwto  llico  y  1a 
Margarita,  que  se  ha  dtgnado  S.M.  couceder  con  diez  registros  pam  fiondunu, 
y  [ffOTiiicias  de  Gnathomala  al  conunercio  <ie  la  oiudad  de  Barcelona,  j  aa 
ettablecumieDto  an  la  miEuia.. . .     Madrid :  171)5,  8td,  33  pp.    Bich. 
t.  Compagnia  Ileal  de  Commercio  para  laa  lalas  de  Slo.  Domingo,  Puerlo-rico  y 
Margarita.    1756,  12ii)o. 

Note. — Quoted  by  Ilobertgon  in  tlie  Catalogue  of  Spanish  books  and 
nianuBcripta  prefixed  to  hia  History  of  America. 
I.  Belation  dVne  conspiratiou  tram^e  par  les  NSgres,  daus  I'lale  de  8,  Domiagnc; 
defease  qoe  &it  te  J&uite  Coofeaaeur,  aux  Megres  qu'uo  auplicie,  de  i^v^er 
leurs  fautaurs  et  compliceB.    1768  ?  8  pp.    B.M. 
Note. — No  litle-page;  no  locality. 
.  An  AccountoftheSponishSettlemente  in  America....    Edinburgh:  17lt2,8vo, 
xvi.  +  612  pp. 

A'ote,— pp.  43-56  deal  with  Hlapaniola. 

.  ITie  Preaent  State  of  the  Wast  Indies:  containing  aa  accurate  description  of 

what  parts  are  poaBeMed  by  the  several  Powers  of  Europe  . . .  with  a  complete 

map.    London ;  1778,  4to,  95  pp.    B.M. 

.  Voyage  d'un  Suisse  dans  difT^reutes  colonies  d'Amdrique  pendant  la  dernier 

guerre,  avec  une  table  d'observations  m^tforolc^iques  failcs  \  Saint  Domingue. 

Obserratanr  sans  pretention,  vrai  "" 

416  pp.    Bich. 
,  Mfimoira  aur  le  Commerce  fitranger  a' 


a  malignity.      Neuchate! :  1786,  fivo^ 


les  Colonies  Franraiaea  de  I'AmMqoa; 
du  Cap,  la  17  F^vrior  1784.     Pati§: 


Pr£sent£  k  la  Chambro  d'Agriculti 
1785,  8T0,  51  pp.    B.M. 

Note. — Lea  Colonies  Fran9aUes  here  mean  St.  Dominso. 
I,  Du  Commerce  dea  Colonies,  sea  principea  et  aes  lois.  La  Paix  est  Id  tempt  da 
rfglor  ft  d'agrandir  Ic  Commerce.    [Paris  ?]  1785,  Bvo,  63  pp.    B.M. 
Note. — The  commerce  treated  of  relate*  to  St.  Domingo, 
i.  Memoriae  de  ta  Colonia  Francesa  de  Saato  Domingo  con  alguoas  reflezioDM 
rulativaa  i  la  lalade  Cubs,  par  un  viagcro  EspaSoI.    I^lblicala■  Don  Ignado 
GahL    Madrid :  1787.  8vo.    Kich. 
'.  Notice  snr  la  Yille  de  Port-au-Prince.    Port-au-Prince  ?  1788  ?    BM. 

Note. — No  title-page, 
i.  EsBal  eur  L'admiiiiatration  dea  Coloaiw  Fran9oisea,  Et  particuliSrement  de  oella 
de  Saint-Domingue.    Antoniuaand  Paris;  1788, 8vo,  112  pp.    BJl. 
Note. — With  maps  of  Hayti  and  of  the  Province  Antonina. 
I,  Almanacb   Historique,  Chronologique,  de  Commerce.  .  .  .  Pour  les  Colonies. 
Annie  1790.     A.  Caatriea,  lalo  Sto.  Lucie,  1789  ?  8vo.  148  pp.     B.M. 
Aoie.— Pp.  117-126  refer  to  St.  Domiague  and  Port-au-Prince. 
L  Almanach  de  Saint- Domingue,   Pour  Tann^e  biBScxtile  1792 ;  contenant  ua 
Hecueil  des  nrrCWs  de  le  assemblf'e  colonials  de  la  ]Brtie  franfaise  de  Saiota- 
Domingue,  stiante  au  Cap,  et  de  diff^rentcs  pitos  intdrressantes.    [1791?] 


12m 


0  and  96  pp.    B.M. 


A'ofe.— The  Jteo 


teparalely  paginated. 


BIBUOORAPHT  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA.  83 

ZL  XoaTelles  de  Sunte-Domingue,  Nob.  1-33.    Paris  :  1790-91,  4ta    B.M. 
^ote»— -Ko  title-page.    A  periodioaL 

^  A  Ptfticolar  Aooonnt  of  the  Goinmenoeinent  and  Progress  of  the  Insurrectioa  of 
the  Negroes  in  St.  Domingo  .  .  .  made  to  the  National  Assembly  ...  by 
the  Deputies  from  the  General  Assembly  of  the  French  part  of  St.  Domingo. 
[Ist  ed.,  36  pp.  2nd  ed.,  with  notes  and  appendix,  40  pp.]  London :  1792, 
8m    BJL 

^  An  Inquiry  into  the  Causes  of  the  Insurrectiion  of  the  Negroes  in  the  island  of 
St  Domingo. — ^To  which  are  added  Observations  of  M.  Grarran-Ooolon  on  the 
same  subject,  read  .  •  .  before  the  National  Assembly.    [One  ed.,  40  pp. ; 
another,  32  pp.]    London :  1792,  Sva    B.M. 
NoU, — See  also  Gkunpan. 

ISi  Histoire  de  Toussaint  L'ouverture,  chef  des  noirs  insnrgds  de  Saint  Domingue ; 
prMd6e  d'un  coup  d'oeil  politiqtle  sur  cette  colonic.  Paris:  1802,  12mo, 
210  pp.    Rich. 

Note. — Compare  with  Cousin  D'Avallon. 

2a.  The  Opportunity ;  or  Reasons  for  an  Immediate  Alliance  with  St.  Dominga  By 
the  author  of  the  Crisis  of  the  Sugar  Colonies.  London :  1804,  Svo,  156  pp. 
B.M. 

Note, — ^The  Appendix,  pp.  148-166,  contains  two  proclamations  by 
Dessalines. 

t2&  A  book  of  140  pp.  8vo  printed  at  the  Grovemment  press  at  Port-au-Prince  from  . 
1814  to  1818,  containing  various  decrees,  proclamations,  &a    The  pagination 
is  continuous.    No  title.    The  copy  at  B.M.  is  bound  up  with  Baron  Yastey's 
"Essai." 

27.  Copies  Des  Vihces  dcs  Agensdu  Qouvemment  fran^ais,  imprimto  et  public  en 
▼ertu  de  la  Proclamation  de  Sa  Majesty  du  11  Novembre  1814,  Tan  onzi^me 
de  rind6pendence  d'Haytu    [Cap-Henry:  1814]  8vo,  14  pp.    B.M. 

Note. — These  are  the  instructions  of  Malouet  to  the  French  generals, 
which  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  King  Henry.    No  title-page. 

^  History  of  the  Island  of  St.  Domingo  from  its  first  discovery  by  Columbus  to 
the  Present  Period.    London :  1818,  8vo,  xiv.  and  446  pp.    B.M. 

Note. — In  the  appendix  are  contained  statistical  tables,  a  letter  from 
T.  Louverture,  abstract  of  Royal  Almanac  for  1814,  manifestoes,  proclama- 
tions, &c  A  French  translation  appeared  in  1819.  Reviewed,  Quarterly 
Review,  xxi.  1819,  pp.  430-460,  B.M.,  and  Edinburgh  Review,  xlL  1825, 
pp.  497-607,  B.M.    Reprinted  New  York,  1826.    F.O.    See  Malo  and  43. 

^.  Ahnanach  Royale  d'Hayti  1818. 

jVofe.— Reviewed,  Quarteriy  Review,  xxi.  1819,  pp.  430-460.    B.M. 

•SO.  D^bsrquement  de  la  Flotte  Fran9aise  k  St.  Domingue ;  faisant  suite  aux  revolu- 
tions de  cette  tie.  B^volte  des  n^gres,  etc. :  avec  un  Pr^is  Historiquc  do 
rdrection  de  cette  tie  en  royaume  d'Hatti.  Paris  (chez  Tigre) :  1820, 18mo. 
Rich. 

^1.  Constitution  d'Hayti,  Du  27  Novembre  1806,  et  sa  Revision,  Du  2  Juin  1816,  an 
13  de  rind^pendance.    Saint-Marc :  1820, 16mo,  xiv.  and  43  pp.    B.M. 

^2.  a.  Acte  de  I'lnd^pendance  d'HaytL    An  Cap  Henry :  4to. 

h.  Code  Henry.    Cap  Henry :  1812,  8vo,  764  pp. 

c  Gazette  Royale  d'Hayti« 

o  2 


84  BIBUOGRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISP.UilOLA. 

if.  Dea  AlmanacliB  Rojales  d'Hayti.    8vo. 

e.  Dos  Ordonoances,  Declarations,  Proclaraations,  etc.,  du  Roi  d'Hayti. 
/.  Relation  do  la  FCte  de  S.M.  la  Reine  d'Hayti  avec  un  Coup  d'teil  Politique  anr 
In  wtuation  actuelle  du  Itoyaiime  d'Hayti.    Cap  Henry :  1816,  8vo,  76  pp. 

^ofc. — EevieweJ,  Nortli  American  Review,  Bpston,  xii.  1821,  pp.  113— 
134.    B.M. 

33.  The  King  of  Hayti.     London  Magazine,  viii.  1823,  pp.  517,529.    B.M, 

Note, — Traaslation  of  a  purely  German  story,  with  no  reference  at  all 
to  Hayti. 

34.  Bemarks  on  the  Cultivation  and  Growth  of  Coffee  io  Hayli.    lA)ndon,  1823, 

Jtf'oJe.— Reviewed,  Edinburgh  Review,  xli.  1825,  pp.  489-497.    B.M. 

36.  Correspondence  relative  to  the  Emigration  to  Hayti  of  the  Free  rpoplo  of  Colour 

in  the  United  States.  Together  with  the  instructions  sent  out  by  President 
Boyer.     New  York :  1824,  8vo,  32  pp. 

Note. — Reviewed,  United  States  Literary  Gazette,  BostoB,  i.   1825, 
pp.  145-147.    B.M. 

37.  Code  Civil  d'Haiti.    PublitS  ptr  ua  Citoyen  <le  la  E^puWiqne.     [Paris],  1326, 

8to,  352  pp.    B.M. 

38.  Lea  Six  Codes  d'Haiti,  suivi  d'une  table  raisonnfo  des  raoti^rcs.     Port-an- 

Prinoe :  1828, 12[no.  738  pp.     B.M. 

A-o{e._Printed  at  Angers  (France) ;   contains  C.  Civil,  C.  de  Procfidnre 
Civil,  C.  de  Commerce,  C.  d'Instruction  Criminelle,  C.  Pl^nal  and  C.  Rural. 

39.  Relacion  de  la  fiest.i  del  Aniveraario  de  la  Independenoia  d'Hay^  celebrada  el 

1.  do  Enero  de  1834,  afio  31.    Santo-Domingo :  1834,  4lo,  4  pp.    B.M, 
Note. — No  title-page  and  no  pagination. 

40.  Examen   raisonniS   de   la   Proposition   faile   aui   Ancieus   Colons   de    Bainto- 

Domingue,  relativement  aux  quatre  cinquitmes  de  I'iudomnito  qui  leur  a  €tk 
alloufe,  lenquels  B'SlSvent  i.  cent  vingt  millions.  Paris :  1836, 8vo,  15  pp.   B.M. 

41.  II  Farioso  neir  iaola  di  S,  Domingo,  MeliMlramma  in  due  atlL     The  music  by 

Donizetti.     As  represented  at  the  Opera  Bulfa,  Theatre  Roj'al  Lyceum, 
Saturday,  ITti  Dec.,  1836.    London :  1836, 12rao,  85  pp.    B.M. 
JToffl.— The  lihi'etto  in  Kalian  and  English. 

42.  Rapjiorts  laits  par  les  Commandans  d'Arrondiiiscment. .  .Bur  la  Culture.     Port- 

au-Prince  ;  1838,  8vo,  D9  pp.     F.O. 
Note. — A  statistic*!  survey. 

43.  Histoire  de  Saint  Domingae,  ll^publique  d'Haiti,  depiiis  so,  dtouverte  jusqa'& 

cejour.    Paris:  1842,  18mo.     Rich. 

Note. — 0.  L.  does  not  mention  this;   perhaps  the  date  should  be  1824 
Sec  Halo  and  28. 

44.  Rccueil  des  Pi^s  OfiideDes  relatives  A  I'lnRtruction  pr^liminaire  suivi  contre  les 

personnea  iuipliqufes  dans  1'horrible  pillage  qui  eut  lieu  au  Cap  Haltien  aprta 
le  tremblement  de  terre  du  7  mai  dernier.  Port-au-Prince ;  1842,  4to,  64  pp. 
P.O. 

45.  Le  Manifesto,  lor  Mai  1842-Avril  23, 1844.    Port  li^publicain  (Port-au-Prince). 

Note. — Reviewed,  Foreign  Quarterly  Review,  usiiii.  1844,  pp.  443-458, 

46.  Actos  legislalivDS  del  Congres  Coostitucionel  y  decretos  del  Ptesidente  de  la 

Bepublica  Dominicnna  en  1846.     Sto.  DomiuRO:  [184G]  4to,     B,M. 

Note. — Manuscript  tiile-page ;  only  vol.  ii,  in  B.M,  A  collection  of  Acts, 
Decrees,  ftc,  issued  in  1646,  with  separate  pnginations. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  AND  CABTOQRAPHT  OP  HISPANIOLA.  85 

41.  Lqres  Bominioanas.  3a  Sessiai  de  la  Primera  Legislatnra.  Santo  Domingo : 
1847, 4to.    BJL 

NaU, — ^Acts,  Decrees,  &c.,  all  with  separate  pagination.  One  voL  only  in 
BJL 

■ 

48.  [Prirate.] — Brief  Memoranda   on  the  Dominican  Republic.     [London]  8vo, 

app.  F.o.  » 

Nate, — ^No  title-page.    An  account  of  the  country  (in  ld42-1848  ?). 

19.  Coentes  Qenerales  de  la  Republica.. . .     Sto.  Domingo :  1848,  4to,  40  j>p. 
Note, — StatisticaL 

501  Mas  Historique  des  Faits  relatifs  k  L'Emprunt  d'HaXti  et  des  demiers  arrange- 
ments financi^res  conclus  entre  le  Gouvemement  Haltien  et  le  Gomit^  des 
Porteon  de  Hires  du  dit  Emprunt.  Public  par  le  Ooimt/L  Paris :  1849,  8vo, 
94pp.    BJi. 

aL  Glimpse  of  Hayti  and  her  Negro  Chief.  Liverpool :  1850,  8va  Brit.  Cat.  of 
Books. 

51  A  Chapter  on  our  Political  Belations  with  St  Domingo.  Eraser's  Magazine, 
Lon^  xliL  1850,  pp.  133-136.     KM. 

S3.  Ponica  Fides  I  or,  A  short  statement  of  the  Facts  connected  with  the  recent 
"Breach"  By  the  Dominican  Government  of  the  Second  Article  of  the 
Commercial  Treaty,  Exchanged  between  England  and  the  Dominican  Republic 
in  1850.    St.  Domingo  [printed  at  Turk's  Island] :  1852, 12mo,  16  pp.    B.M. 

&i  Sinodo  Diooesano  celebrado  por  su  seHoria  ilustrisima  El  Sr.  Dr.  D.  Tomas  de 
Portes  6  InfJEmte,  Dignissimo  Arzobispo  de  Sauto  Domingo  y  Primado  de  las 
Indias,  en  lbs  dias  12, 14  y  17  de  Mayo  de  1851.  Santo  Domingo :  1851,  4to, 
58  pp.    B.M. 

53.  "Dies,  Patria  y  Libertad.**  La  Republica  Dominicana  y  el  Emperador 
Soolouque.    Santo  Domingo :  1851,  8vo,  11  pp.    B.M. 

Note, — ^No  title-page.  An  answer  to  an  article  in  the  Revue  des  deux 
Mondes  Ux  Ist  May,  1851. 

56.  Coronation  of  the  Emperor  of  Hayti.    Eclectic  Magazine,  New  York,  xxvi.  1852, 

pp.  556-558.    B.M. 

Note. — From  Bentley's  Miscellany. 

57.  Dies,  Patria  y  libertad.    Alerta !  Dominioanos;    Santiago  [de  los  Caballeros] : 

1852,  8vo,  22  pp.    B.M. 

Note, — ^In  defence  of  Sir  R.  H.  Schomburgk,  the  English  Consul  at  St. 
Domingo,  and  Colonel  Henneken,  with  regard  to  their  conduct  in  the  contest 
between  the  Republic  of  St.  Domingo  and  the  Empire  of  Hayti. 

58.  Bmnored  Occupation  of  San  Domingo  by  the  Emperor  of  France.    United  States 

Review  (Democratic  Review),  New  York,  1853,  i.  pp.  173-186.    B.M. 

50.  Hayti  and  the  Haytiens.  De  Bow's  Review,  xvi.  (n.s.  ii.).  New  Orleans,  1854, 
pp.  32-3a    B.M. 

Note.—^K  short  historical,  geographical,  and  statistical  account  extracted 
chiefly  from  Brown  and  MacGregor,  which  see. 

^.  Hayti  and  the  Haitians.  Putnam's  Monthly  Magazine,  New  York,  iiL  1854, 
pp.  53-62.    B.M. 

Note, — ^An  account  of  what  the  author  saw  in  Hayti.  Reprinted,  The 
Broadway,  London,  iii.  1871,  pp.  454-462.    B.M. 


86  BIBLIOORAPHT  AND  CABTOGRAPHT  OF  HISPANIOUL 

61.  CoDstitucion  Politica  de  la  Bepablica  Dominicana.    Santo  Domingo :  1854»  4tov 

49  pp.    6.M. 

62.  [Winds  in  Hayti.]    Naut.  Mag.,  1856,  p.  63.    E.G.S. 

63.  De  la  Gerontocracie  en  HaltL    F&ris :  1860,  8vo.    B.M. 

64.  Remarks  on  Hayti  as  a  Place  of  Settlement  for  Afric-Americans.    Philadelpliia : 

1860, 8vo.    A.U 

65.  Beinoorporacion  de  Santo  Domingo  a  Espafia.    [Madrid  7  1860  ?]  8vo,  32  pp. 

B.M* 

66.  Alphabet  k  I'usage  de  la  Jeunesse  Haitienne  snivi  d'nn  rdsum^  de  la  G^ographie 

et  de  THistoire  de  Itle  D'Haiti  jnsqu'en  1861.    Paris :  [1861  ?]  8vo,  46  pp. 
B.M. 

Note, — Contains  portrait  of  Greneral  Gref&ard  and  map  of  island  in  1861. 

The   geographical    notice   covers  pp.  31--33,  and   the   historical  notioo 

pp.  43-44.    First  edition,  1859.    W.K. 

67.  Hayti.    The  Home  and  Foreign  Review,  London,  i.  1862,  pp.  361^91.    B.M. 

Note. — ^A  short  history. 

68.  Santo  Domingo.    The  Knickerbocker,  New  York,  Ixi.  1863,  pp.  252-260.    B.M. 

Note. — ^A  little  sketch  of  the  Spanish  part  of  the  island. 

69.  Abr^^  de  la  Geographic  d'Halti.    Nantes :  1864, 12mo.    W.K. 

Note. — Compare  this  with  Ramsay  above. 

70.  Eupferbergwerke  in  Santo   Domingo.      Aosland,  Augsburg,   1867,  p.  600» 

R.G.S. 

71.  Santo  Domingo.    De  Bow's  Monthly  Rev.,  1870,  p.  333.    W.K. 

72.  The  Annexation  of  Santo  Domingo.    Pamph.    New  York :  1870.    S.H. 

73.  The  St.  Domingo  Bargain.    The  Nation,  New  York,  x.  1870,  p.  68.    B.M. 

74.  The  St.  Domingo  Row.    The  Nation,  New  York,  xi.  1870,  p.  432.    B.M. 

75.  What  will  the  San  Domingo  Commission  do?    The  Natioo,  New  York,  xil. 

1871,  pp.  68-9.    B.M. 

76.  The  New  San  Domingo  Scheme.    The  Nation,  New  York,  xvL  1873,  pp.  52-3. 

B.M. 

77  &  78.  Santo  Domingo  Bonds.    First  Report  of  the  Committee  of  Santo  Domingo 
Bondholders.    London :  1873,  8vo,  55  pp.    B.M.    Second  Report  of  the  Com- 
mittee of  Santo  Domingo  Bondholders.    London :  1874,  8vo,  23  pp.    B.M. 
Note. — Both  issued  by  the  Council  of  Foreign  Bondholders. 

79.  Tortola,  St.  Domingo  und  Jamaica,  Hafen  auf  den  Inseln.   Aimalen  der  Hydro- 

graphic,  1877,  p.  602.    W.K. 

80.  Haiti  oder  San  Domingo,  fiber  die  West-  und  Siidkiiste  der  Insel.    Annalen  der 

Hydrographie,  v.  1877,  p.  113.    W.K. 

81.  Jamaica,  Hayti,  Cuba,  the  Bahamas,  &c.    London :  1880,  8vo.    [W.EL    stc.] 

82.  Official  Copy.    The  Admiralty  List  of  Lights  in  the  West  India  Islands  and 

Adjacent  Coasts,  1880.    London :  1880,  8vo,  27  pp.    B.M. 

83.  Hayti  Court  Guide.    12mo.    U.S J. 

84.  Tremblement  de  Tcm  k  Saint-Domingue.     Nouv.  Ann.  des  Voyaged,  Paris, 

xlviL  1830,  pp.  125-6.    B.M. 

65.  Commerce  de  Haiti.    Nouv.  Ann.  des  Voyages,  Paris,  xxii.  1324,  pp.  284-285. 
B.M. 


BIBUOGRAPHT  AND  CARTOQBAPHT  OF  HISPANIOLA.  87 

86.  BelAzione   de   Terribili    Terremonti     accaduti    ultimanenti   nell'  Isola    di 

S.  Domingo. .  •  •     In  Peaaro :  1752,  4to,  4  pp.    B.M. 

87.  Belazione  del  Terribili  Terremoto  fitUoai  aentire  a  Porto  Principe. .  .dell*  Isola 

di  S.  Dominga    Le  3.  CKngno,  1770.    Tradotta  dal  Francese  in  Italiano.    In 
Maiaglie,  e  in  Boma :  1770»  ito,  4  pp.    B.M. 

88.  West  Indies  Directory.     P^  II.    Haiti  or  San  Domingo  and  Jamaica. 

London :  1870,  8v0b  87  pp.    B.M. 

Ni^, — Pp.  1-65  give  the  sailing  directions. 


IV.    PABLIAMENTART  PUBLICATIONS. 

Siint  Domingo :  Bills  drawn  on  the  Treasury  from  thence.    No.  867.    1796-7. 

Papers  relating  to  the  Ciyil  Establishment  of  that  Part  of  the  Island  in 

the  Possession  of  the  British  Forces.    No.  868.    1796-7. 

Letter  from  the  Duke  of  Portland  to  Major-General  Williamson,  and  other 


Fkpers  relative  thereto.    No.  869.    1796-7. 
Code  Bnral  of  the  Island  of  Hayti.    1826-27  [393]. 
Communications  received  at  the  Foreign  OfQce  relative  to  the  State  of  Hayti. 

1829  [18]. 
Fkpers  relating  to  the  Shipping  and  Imports  and  Exports^  with  th«r  Value 

1837-38  [137]. 
Imports  and  Exports  of  Hayti.    1840  [in  527]. 
Stint  Domingo :    Account  of   the   Crops  of  St.  Domingo   in  1791  andj  1826. 

1840  [in  527]. 
Convention  between  Her  Majesty  and  the  Republic  of  Hayti,  for  the  Suppression  of 

the  Slave  Trade.    1841  [290]. 
Hayti,  Republic  of:  [Bill]  For  canrying  into  effect  a  Treaty  between  Her  Majesty 

and  the  Republic  of  Hayti  for  the  more  effectual  Suppression  of  the  Slave  Trade. 

1842  [281]. 
Ooouneicial  Tariffs  and  Regulations,  Resources  and  Trade,  &c.,  of  the  several  States 

of  Europe   and   America,   together  with    the    Commercial   Treaties   between 

England  and  Foreign  Countries ;  Part  XX.  Hayti  and  the  Foreign  West  Indies, 

by  John  Macgregor.    1847  [798]. 
Santo  Domingo :  Correspondence  relative  to  the  annexation  of  the  eastern  part  of 

St.  Domingo  to  the  dominions  of  her  Catholic  Majesty.    1861  [2883]. 
Hayti :  Treaty  between  Her  Majesty  and  the  President  of  the  Republic  of  Hayti 

for  the  mutual  surrender  of  fugitive  criminals,  signed  at  Port-au-Prince,  7th  Dec., 

1874.    1876  [c.  1385]. 
San  Domingo :  Decree  annulling  the  agreement  of  28th  December,  1872,  by  which 

the  Peninsula  and  Bay  of  Samana   were  leased  to  an  American    Company. 

1874  [a  993]. 
^ofo.— The  reader  is  also  referred  to  the  Consular  and  Commercial  Reports 
published  by  the  Gk)vemment. 


88  BIBLIOORAPHT  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA. 


V.    MAPS,  CHABTS  AND  PLANS. 

I.  In  Chronological  Ordbb. 

Les  Monuments  do  la  G^ographie,  par  M.  Jomard.    fol.  Paria :  1879.    B.G.S. 

Note, — ^Map  No.  XVI.  *' Mappemonde  de  Jean  de  la  CoBa»  pilote  de 
Christophe  Colomb,  fin  du  Xy«  si^le."  A  coloured  facsimile  of  Cosa's  Map  of 
the  West  Indies,  dated  1500,  and  probably  the  first  ever  published  of  the  Island 
of  Hispaniola. 

See  also  Irving,  Major,  Navarett^,  and  for  aboriginal  subdivisions,  Monte  y 
Tejada  and  Mufioz. 
Isola  Espafiola.    E.V. 

L'Isola  Spagnola  [or  H.    Venice?    1560?].    B.M.     -Yo^e.— By  Berteli. 
Isola  Spagnola  nova.    1562.    See  Moletius. 
Discrittione  dell*  Isola  Spagnola,  da  P.  Forlani.    1564.    B.M. 
L'Isola  Spagnola  . . .  F.  Berteli  exc  Venecia.    1566.    B.M. 
:Map.    1597.    ficeWytfliet. 

Map  of  Island.    1615.    See  Herrera-Tordessilas,  Major. 
Map  of  Island.    1630.    See  Laet. 

Isla  Espafiola  by  Andus  Nunez  de  Torra.    1658.    See  Pascual  de  Gayangos. 
Charts.    1675.    See  Roggeveen. 
Charts.    1689.     See  English  Pilot. 
La  Spagnuola  descritta  dal  P.  Cosmografo  Coronelli  e  dedicata  All*  Illustriss.  Sig. 

Giustiniano  Lorenzoy  Cons.    1700.    B.M. 
A  Chart  of  the  Island  of  Hispaniola  [or  H.    By  J.  Thornton?    London :  1704?]. 

B.M. 
Isle  de  St.  Domingue  et  ddbouquements  circonvoisins.    Frezier.    1717.    E.V. 
Carte  de  Tlsle  de  Saint  Domingue  [or  H.]  Dress^  en  1722  ...  sur  les  m^moires  de 

M.  Frezier  . . .  par  G.  de  I'lsle.    Amsterdam :  1722.    B.M. 
Map  of  Island.    1722.    See  Labat 

L'Isle  de  St.  Domingue  ou  Espagnola,  par  N.  de  Fer.    Paris :  1723.     B.M. 
InsuloB  Americanao,  nempe ;  Cuba,  Hispaniola  . . .  Stoel  des  Oorlogs  in  America,  etc. 

[1730?]    B.M. 
Maps  and  Plans,  by  Bourguignon  d*AnviIle.    1731.    See  Charlevoix. 
Isle  de  St  Domingue  ou  Hispaniola.    1750.    B.M. 
Ciuitas  S.  Dominici  sita  in  Hispaniola  Indica  Angliae  magnitudine  fere  aequaUs, 

ipsa  vrbs  eleganter  ab  Hispanis  extructa,  et  omnib*  circum  vicinis  Ins:   jura 

dat  .  .  .    E.V.    No  date,  circa  1750. 
Carte  rdduite  do  I'tsle  de  St.  Domingue  et  de  ses  D^bouquements.  ...    A  Paris 

chezBeUin.    1750.    E.V. 
Plan  de  la  Baye  et  du  Bourg  de  Jacmel  dans  Tisle  St  Domingue.     A  Paris :  1756. 

E.V. 
A  Map  of  the  Island  of  Hispaniola  or  St.  Domingo.    Drawn  ...  by  T.  Eitchin. 

ILondon:  1760?]    B.M. 
Chart  of  Cap  Fran9ois  and  Map  of  Island.    1760.     See  Jefiferys. 
Map  of  Island  and  Plan  of  Sto.  Domingo  City.    1762.    See  Jefferys. 
Carte  de  lisle  de  St  Domingue.  .  .  .  Par  le  S.  Bellin.    [Paris]  1764.    E.V. 
Charts  of  Harbours,  &c.,  of  St.  Domingo.     1773.    See  Bellio. 
Plan  de  la  Baye  et  Hade  du  Cap  Fran9ais  dessin^  par  M.  de  Foligne.     [Paris  ?] 

1781.    E.V. 


3IBU0GRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPANIOLA.  89 

Gttta  nactica  que  oomprehende  lot  deaembocadores  al  Mar  dsl  Norte  viniendo  de  la 

Jamaica  y  de  la  Isla  de  Santo  Domingo.    1782.    6.M. 
Ckrta  plana  de  la  lala  de  Santo  Domingo,  llamada  tambien  Espa&ola.    For  Don 

J.Lopez.    2  8h.    Madrid:  1784.    B.M.    iSee  also  Sanchez. 
Fbn  de  la  Baye  d'Acnl,  dans  I'tsle  de  St.  Domingue  lev4  en  1784.    Baye  de  Dame 

Karie:   Le  Fort  Fran9oi8:   Flan  du  Mdle  St  Nicolas:  Baye  des  Irois.    ParU. 

E.V. 

Pboo  de  la  plaza  y  cindad  de  Santu  Domingo,  capital  de  la  isla  espafiola,  por  D. 
Tomas  Lopez.    Madrid:    1785.    E.Y. 

L'Anse  4  Ghouchou  dans  Ifsle  de  St.  Domingue :  La  Baye  Moustique :  Le  Fort 
Paix :  MouiUage  de  Jean  Babel . . .  etc.    1785.    E.y. 

Kaart  over  Beeden  ved  Gap-Fran9ois.    Stocket  0.  N.  Flint.    Kiobh. :  1785.  E.V. 

Carte  r^duite  de  lisle  de  St.  Domingue  . . .  Far  M.  Le  C^  de  Gbastenet-Fnisegur 
Paris:  1787.    B.M. 

Carte  r^duite  des  D^bonquements  de  St.  Domingue.  Levde,  dressde  et  public  . . . 
par  M.  de  Cbastenet-Fuis^gur.  Paris :  1787.  B.M.  {See  also  C-F.  in  Biblio- 
graphy.) 

Maps  and  Flans.    1791.    See  Fonce  et  Fhelipeau. 

Chart  [of  H.]  with  a  Flan  of  the  Island  of  Jamaica,  and  the  Flans  of  the  Principal 
Harbours  and  Anchoring  Places  about  the  Island,  surveyed  ...  in  part  of  the 
year  1789, 1790,  1791,  and  part  of  1792,  by  J.  Leard.  2  sh.  ([With]  sailing 
directions.)    London :  1792, 8vo.    BM. 

Vue  de  Tincendie  de  la  ville  du  Gap  Frangais.  Arrive  le  21  Juin  1793  Vieux 
style  ...  par  J.  L.  Bouquet  et  grav6  par  J.  B.  Chapay.    Paris.    E.V. 

Bahia  y  dudad  de  Bayaba  o  puerto  del  Delfin  en  la  isla  de  Santo  Domingo.  For 
don  Tomas  Lopez  y  su  hijo  D.  Juan . . .  Conforme  al  piano  de  Mr.  Bellin. 
Madrid:  1794.    E.V. 

Idaiid  of  St  Domingo  or  Hispaniola.     W,  Faden^  London :  1794.    B.M. 

Isle  of  St  Domingo  or  Hispaniola.    By  W.  Faden.    London :  1796.     B.M. 

Map  of  island.     1796.     See  Moreau  de  St.  M4ry. 

Part  of  the  north  side  of  Hispaniola  with  a  description  and  plan  of  the  rock  on  which 
U.M.S.  Tc^bay  struck  . . .  Jan.  9th.  1783. . . .  This  survey  taken  Jan.  6 
1788  ...  by  Thos  Backhouse. . . .     Fublished  12  July  1798.    London,    E.V. 

Carte  g^n^le  de  la  partie  fran9oi8e  de  l*tsle  de  St  Domingue,  assujetie  aux  observa- 
tions astronomiques  de  Messieurs  de  Fuysegur,  de  Borda  et  de  Verdun  . . .  par 
Major  Fechon  . . .  1798.    Fublished  2  Sep.  1799  by  Rob.  Wilkinson,  Jxmdon. 
E.V. 
Carte  de  I'lsle  de  St  Domingue  avec  les  Routes,  par  F.  L.  Griwtonn.    Paris :  1801. 

B.M. 
Carta  esf^^rica  que  oomprehende  loe  desemboques  al  Norte  de  la  Isla  de  Santo  Domingo 

y  la  parte  oriental  del  Ganal  Viejo  de  Bahama.     Madrid :  1802.     B.M. 
Carte  particulaire  de  Itle  de  Saint  Domingue,  dress^  d'aprds  divers  plans  manuscrits 

oommuniqu&  par  le  Gomte  SorreL  . . .     [Paris']  An  XL  (1802).    E.V. 
Carte  de  St.  Domingue  dressde  d'apr^s  la  carte  hydrographique  de  Ghastenet- 
Pnys^gur  . . .  Fhelipeau  . . .  Daniell  Lescallier  ...  en  1784  ...  par  J.  B.  Foirson 
en  Nivose  de  l*an  XI  [1802].    Graves  par  Tardieu  I'ain^ 
Cbarte  von  der  Insel  San  Domingo  oder  Hispaniola  , . .  von  F.  Goetze.     Weimar : 

1802.  E.V. 

Carte  politique  de  St  Domingue,  par  MM.  Leyritz,  Levassor  ct  Bourjolly.    Paris  : 

1803.  B.M. 

A  Map  of  the  Island  of  St  Domingo.    J,  StocMale  [Londonl :  1806.   .B.M. 

Steers  new  Ghart  of  the  Islands  of  St  Domingo  and  Jamaica ;  with  jwirt  of  Forto 


90 


UIBLlOGRAPIiy  AND  CABTOGRAPHT  OF  HISPAKIOIJL 


Rico   and  Cuba;   exhibiting;   the   Mona  and   Windward   Passages.      F.  JUaien, 

London:  1808.     RM. 
Plans  of  Ports  in  San  Domingo.    1800-181S  [Admiralty  Chart].    London :  lSu5. 

B.M. 
Plan  of  St.  Domingo  City,     18ia    Sm  Walton. 
PJiui  of  Seat  of  War  at  St.  Domingo  City.     1810,     Soe  Guillermin. 
Maiw  by  Tardieii,  1817  el  Kq.     f>eo  Dumas. 

Geographiach-StaatiBtischeundHistoriscbeCharteyonllayii,  WeimanlSBi.  H.O.S. 
Portiilano  do  la  America  Se]>l«ntrional  Puerto  del  Guarico.     Mexico  :  1825,  obi.  RpI. 

B,M. 

A^ote.—Madrid,  1809.     In  part  6  are  16  cbarla  of  porls,  Ac,  of  Hispanioln. 
Sutistique  do  SaintrDomiugue,  B^publiqne  d'HaIti,  lie  de  St.  Domingne  oa  d'Haiti. 

Par  A.  M.  Perrot.    L.  D.  Diimrger  [Puris] :  1825.    B.M. 
Hayti  ou  He  St.  Domingue,  dros»&  d^pres  la  carte  du  Chevalier  Lapie  par  PBrron, 

grav.  par  Beauprri.    Tir^  de  I'Atlas  d'Am^rique  par  H.  Buchon.     1826. 

Nole, — According  to  E.V.  this  accompanies  Placide  Justin'i  work,  which  tte. 
Admiralty  charts  published  In  1828  from  French  MS. :  Plan  of  Bay  of  Anx  Csyea. 

Macenville  Bay,  Bay  of  Flamaud,  Oonaivea  Bay,  Bay  of  Port  Dauphin,  Bay  of 

Cayemites  and  Baradaires,  Bay  of  St.  Mark,  Bays  of  St.  Louis  and  Mesle,  Acqiiin 

Bay,  Loeul  Harbour  and  St.  Nicolas. 
Map  of  Hayti.  1830.  See  Mackenzie. 
Bay  and   Harbour  of  Port  an  Ptince,  in  the  Island  of  Haili.     By  Commander  11. 

Owen.     [Admiralty  chart.]     Lotidon :  1831.     B.M. 
Hispaniola  or  SaiBt  Domii^o.    Drawn  by  F.Lucaa,  jiin.    lUaltiViOre  ?  1835?]  B.M. 
Another  edition  entitleil  Hayti  or  Saint  Domingo.     BalUmore:  [1840?]     B.M, 
Carte  dea  Dibonquemeute  deSt.  Domingue  pour  servir  k  UnavigalJOD  entre  les  Ports 

de  8t.  Thomaa,  Porto  Eico,  io  Cap  Haitien  et  Sn.  Yago  de  Cuba.     Dresnee  pnr 

Mr.  Keller.    [Paris]  1844.    B.M. 
Capo  Haiti  [or  G,]  Harbour.    Surveyed  by  Commander  E.  Bamett,  1840.  [Admiralty 

chart.]     London:  1845.     B.M. 
Map  of  Island.    1846.    Sre  SL  Remy. 
Mouillage  i  I'Entr^  de  la  Bale  de  Sanmua  . . .  \ey6  en  1846  par  Mr,  Moucbcz. 

ll'arii  r]  184D.     E.V. 
Radodo  Port  au  Prince.     Levdo  on  1846  par  M.  Bodot     1 :  43,600.    [Paru]  1851. 

U.M. 
Carte  de  I'Empire  d'Haiti  dresb^e  d'uprcs  I'ordre  du  gouvernement  Haitien  sur  \v& 

documents  les  plus  ricenta  ot  sous  la  direction  de  A.  Magin.    I'arit .-  1853.  E.V, 
Entrance  of  Gulf  ot  Samajia.     Prom  various  authorities,  . . .      [Admiralty  ChttH.] 

London:  1854.     B.M. 
Golfe  de  Port  au  Prince.    Lev^  en  1847  par  M.  Bodot.    1 :  152,600.  [Pora]  1856. 

B,M. 
Garto  Particuli^ie  de  I'lalo  de  Saint  Domingue,  dress^  aprSs  divers  Flans  mAnii~ 

BuritB  communique  par  M,  de  Sorrel.     [Parti,  18G0?J     B.M, 
Charts  of  coast  of  Snint  Domingo.     1B53,     See  Monte  y  Tejada. 
Peninsulaand  Bay  of  Samana.    1B53,    Set  Schomburgk. 
Carta  Eiiferica  de  una  parte  de  k  Isla  de  Sto.  Donungo,  con  los  Desemboquea  al 

a.  de  la  misma,  construida  .  .  .  jior  El  Sr.  D.  F.  de  Lersundi,    JUadrid : 

B.M. 
Map  of  Island.     1860.     See  Courtney, 

Carte  duB  Grandea  Antilles.     Cuba,  Haiti,  et«.     1861.     B.M. 
Map  Of  Island.    1662.    &eFabens, 
Map  of  Hayti.    1862.    Sm  Vuillemis. 


BIBUOGRAPHr  AND  CARTOORAPHT  OF  HISPANIOLA.  91 

Gtfts  de  la  lahia  de  Samana.     Direotion  de  Hidxx)grafia  No.  423.    Madrid :  1862. 

?M. 
Cute  des  D^bouquementa  de  Seint  Domingae  et  dee  Passages  i  TEst  de  Cuba.  lPari$i 

1865.    BJL 
Mapa  de  la  Isla  de  Santo  Domingo.    Segon  las  antentlssimas  aatoridades  y  las  •  .  • 

penanales  obseryaciones  hecbas  por  el  Sefior  R.  H.  Scbomburgk.  (Plan  de  la 

Godadde Santo  Domingo  ydesnyoscontornoa.)    dsh.    Ports:  [1865?]  B.M. 
Mar  de  las  Antillas.    Hoja  II.    Carta  de  las  Islas  de  Santo  Domingo  y  Puerto  Bico 

ooQ  parte  de  las  Lncayas  7  Garibes.    Madrid:  1865-67.    B.M. 
Haiti,  or  San  Domingo  (Entrance  of  Samana  Gulf.    Gape  Ha!ti  Harbour,  formerly 

Cape  Gnarioo  of  the  Spaniards).     C.  WiUon^  London :  1869.    B.M. 
West  Indies. — Haiti  or  St.  Domingo,  Cayes,  Flamand,  St.  Louis,  and  Meste  Bays. 

From  French  Government  Surveys  to  1872,  witb  additions  fixxn  a  survey  by 

Ospt.  B.  Owen.  .  .  1835.    [Admiralty  chart.]    London :  1879.    B.M. 
M^  of  Island.    1873.    See  Hasard. 
Map  of  Island.    1873.    See  Gabb. 
Me  Saint  Domingue.    Baie  Manzanillo.    D^pdt  de  la  Marine,  Paris :  1874.    No. 

3324.    PJi. 
Map  of  laland.    1874.    See  Petermann. 
Approadies  to  Port  au  Pricce.    Survey  by  Commander  P.  Owen,  1831.    Additions 

by  Kavg.  lieut.  J.  T.  Hoskyn,  1874.   [Admiralty  chart]    London :  1875.  B.M. 
[Spanish  edition.]    Madrid :  1877.    B.M. 
Index  to  Charts  and  Plans  published  by  the  Hydrographio  OfQce  of  the  Admiralty. 

London:  1875,  foL    B.M. 

Note, — ^Map  0  contains  the  index  to  Hispaniola  charts. 
West-Indien.     Hayti.   Puerta    Plata,     1 :  10,000.     Deutsche  Seekarten,  No.  34. 

Berlin:  1875.    P.M. 
Haid,  North  Coast.    Port  Plata.     1 :  10,156.     [Admiralty  Chart]  London  ;  1875. 

(No.  472.) 
Mapa  de  la  Isla  de  Santo  Domingo,  por  W.  M.  Gabb.    New  York  and  Santo 
Dominffo :  1876.    B.M. 

Saint  Domingue.    Baie  aux  Cayes  et  rdcif  de  la  Folle.    Paris,  d^p.de  la  mar :  1877, 
No.  8466.    P.M. 

Map  of  Island.    1880.    See  Champlin. 

Map  of  Hayti    1881.    /See  La  Selve. 

Map  of  HayH    1884.    See  St.  John. 

Santo  Domingo,  Samana  Bay.  1 :  60,000.  (No.  917.)  Washington,  Hydrographical 
Office:  1884.    P.M. 

IL  Chabtb  in  use  at  present  ;  cobbecteo  up  to  date  at  the  Hydro- 
oraphsb's  Department,  Admiraltt  Oftice. 

Scale. 

m   =      6-0    San  Domingo  harbour.    H.M.S.  Hound,  1849 ;  corr.  1883. 

m   =      3-0    Jacmel  harbour.     Capt.  MackeUar,  1817 ;  corr,  1876. 

m   =      1-4    Aquin  bey.    French  MS.. ;  corr.  1876. 

m   =      1«0    Cayes,  Flamand,  St.  Louis  and  Meste  beys.     French  Surveys  to 

1872 ;  corr.  1879. 
m   =      2*7    Navassa  island.     Capt.  Oioen^  1803;  corr.  1882. 

{12*4\ 
^     >  Jeremie  bay.    Miragoane  harbour.    Staff-Corn.  Kiddle^  1873. 

m    =      0*5    Cayemites  and  Baradaires  beys.    French  MS. ;  corr.  1876. 
m    =      1-5    Port  au  Prince.     Com.  Owen,  1830;  corr.  188a 


BIBUOORAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  IIISPAKIOLA. 


=      0-4     Port  au  Prince,  approaches  to.     1831 ;  corr.  1880. 

=       2-0    St.  Mark  bay.     French.  MS.  mi  ;  corr.  iml. 

=       1-9     Gonaives  bay.     French  sufirey,  1847  j  coir.  1882. 

=       3-0     SL  Nicolas  mole.     Com.  Owen,  1830;  eoir.  1884. 

Varioiuf.—iionta  CriHti  and  Man/^iiiUo;  Tiburon;  TetU  Goave;  S. 
Lorenzo;  Moustique;  Chou  Chou  and  Salt  river;  Caldera;  bays.  Juan  linbel 
anchorage.  A'L'Bcu;  Pais;  ports.  Tierra-Baja  rood.  Foad  la  Grange. 
Frendi  Survej/i  and  J.  Way,  1809,  1855 ;  eorr.  1882. 

=       1'3     Acul  harbour.     French  MS.  161S;   airr.l8'6. 

=       4-4     Cape  Haiti  harbour.     Cow.  iJarneM,  1640 ;  corr.  1883. 

=      2-0    Fort  Dauphin  bay,    Freneh  MS, ;  corr.  1681. 

=       4-0     Manaanillo  bay.     Com.  Mayo,  U.S.N.,  1871. 

=      7-2    Port  Plata.     Go-mow  .Sufucy,  1675 ;  eorr.  1881. 

<0'i5j  Siunana  bay.      (Plan,  port  Sto.   Barbara  or  Saman4  bay.)     Com. 
7-0  I      hridgtman,  U.S.N. ;  corr.  1885. 


iJII.    MR.  Maps  in  B.M. 

A  Map  of  the  Island  of  Hiapmiioia ;  drawn  about  1G50,  to  accomjiany  an  account  of 

the  isUiid,  bj  D.  Andrea  Muncz  ie  Torra :  11  in.  by  6i  in. 
"  La  Tela  EspoKola."     A  general  map  drawn  without  a  scale.  4  ft.  6  in,  by  2_ft  2  in. 
*'  Plan  du  Cap  dii  Mole  St.  Nicolas,"  ia  the  island  St.  Domingo ;  drawn  on  a  licale  of 

180  toiacs  to  an  inch :  2  ft.  6  in.  by  1  ft.  10  in.,  with  an  outline  on  the  aeme  scale 

and  size. 
An  outline  Chart  of  part  of  the  north  coast  of  the  Island  of  St.  Domingo,  between 

Cape  Samiue  and  Porto  Plalo,  shewing  the  situation  of  soma  wrecks  on  the  Silver 

Keys  :  1  ft.  6  in.  by  1  fL  1  in. 
"  Carte  de  la  Flalne  du  Nord  de  I'lsle  St.  Domiugue,  depuis  le  Limbe,  jusques  BU  Fort 

Dauphin  ;"  drawn  by Rabi^,  on  a  Bcole  of  570  toises  to  an  inch  ;  5  ft.  10  in. 

by  2  ft.  2  in. 
A  Flan  of  Cape   Francois,   in   the  island  of  St.  Domingo ;   drawn  on  a  acale   of 

2  leagues  to  an  inch :  1  ft,  4  in.  by  10  in. 
A  colored  Plan  of  "  La  Baya  d'Ocoa  en  la  cdli  du  sud  de  I'lsle  de  St.  Domingue," 

with  the  soundings ;  drawn  about  1740,  on  a  scale  of  3  in.  to  a  French  league : 

1  ft.  6  in.  by  11  in. 
"  Piano  de  In  babia  de  Ocoa,  sitnado  en  la  banda  del  sur  de  ta  ysla  Espanola,"  with 

soundings ;  drawn  about  1770,  on  a  scale  of  ^i^  in.  to  a  maritime  mile :  1  ft,  10  in. 

by  1  ft.  6  in. 
■Chart  of  a  part  of  the  south  coast  of  SI.  Domingo  or  Hispaniola,  between  Cape 

Tiburon  and  Cape  Allavella,  Port  Louis  being  in  the  centre ;  drawn  by  Capt.  Elliott 

in  1701,  on  a  scale  of  3f  English  leagues  to  an  inch ;  2  ft.  by  I  ft.  3  in. 
An  exact  plan  and  profile  of  Port  St.   Louie,  on  the  south  side  of  the  Island  of 

Uispaniola,  as  it  was  ivhen  taken  by  Kear-Admiral  Knowlea,  8th  March,  1747-8; 

surveyed   upon  the  spot  by   Archd.  Bontein,  Engineer ;"    drawn  on  a  scale  of 

10  yards  to  an  inch  ;  with  a  profile  on  a  scale  of  15  feel  to  an  inch  :  3  f L  5  in,  by 

1  ft  7  in. 
An  eiact  plan  of  Fort  St.  Louis,  ovi  tliejsland  of  Hispaniola,  as  it  was  when  taken 

by  Admiral  Knowles,  March  ye  8tb,  1747-8;"  drawn  on  a  scale  of  4|  fathoms 

(o  an  inch:  3  ft.  S  in.  by  1  ft.6  in. 
A  colored  plan  of  the  platfqrme  Bay  in  the  Island  of  Hispaniola  ;  drawn  in  17G2,  on 


BIBUOGRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHr  OF  HISPANIOLA.  93 

t  scale  of  5^  inches  to  a  mile ;  signed  by  Wm.  Harman  and  Abrm.  Blondell : 

1  ft  8  in.  by  1  ft. 
An  exact  survey  of  the  Harbour  of  Port  St  Louis,  on  the  Sonth  Side  of  the  island  of 

Hispaniola,  in  America ;  by  Archd.  Bontein,  Engineer,  March  1747-^ ;  ^  drawn  on 

a  Bale  of  300  yards  to  an  inch :  1  ft.  10  in.  by  1  ft  7  in. ;  with  a  view  taken  at 

3  miles  distance :  1  ft  7  in.  by  4i  in. 
A  Chart  of  Hispaniola  in  a  Chart  of  Central  America.    Add.  MS.  5027a,  No.  48. 


VI.  BIBLIOGRAPHICAL  CHRONOLOGY. 

Note. — The  Numbers,  ^  a/ny^  after  the  names  and  dates^  refer  to  the 

Anonymous  Publioations. 

A.D.  1493,  Colombo.  — 1495,  Scillacio.  — 1511,  Anglerius.  — 1526,  Fer- 
oaodeK  de  Oviedo. — 1529  (?),  Parmentier.  — 1532  and  1533,  Grynaus.— 
1535,  Fernandez  de  Qyiedo.— 1552,  Casas,  Gomara  de  Lopez.— 1554,  Gk)mara 
de  Lopez. — 1556,  Fernandez  de  Oviedo. — 1561,  Casas. — 1562,  Moletius.— 1565, 
BenzonL — 1568,  Gromara  de  Lopez.  — 1572,  Benzoni.-Tl575,  Thevet — 1597, 
Wytfliet.— 1601,  Herrera  Tordesillas.— 1614,  Purchas.— 1623,  Herrera  Tordeaillas. 
-1625,  1633,  and  1640,  Laet— 1642,  Casas.— 1645  and  1646,  Diaz  de  la  Calle.— 
1651,  Gardyner.— 1654,  Du  Tertre.— 1655,  N.N.— 1667,  Du  Tertre.— 1671,  Ogilby, 
Vdtia  Linage.— 1675,  Roggeveen.— 1678,  1684,  and  1686,  Exquemelin.— 1680, 1, 
-1689,  EngL  Pilot— 1693,  Plumier.— 1698,  2.— 1702,  Veitia  Linage.— 1704, 
Colombo,  Churchill,  Ramon  (Pane).— 1714,  Feuill6e.— 1716,  3  and  4.-1722,  Labat. 
—1725,  Herrera,  Gabet,  Payen,  Stevens. — 1727,  Herrera. — 1730,  Charlevoix, 
Lepers. — 1740,  Gonzalez  Carranza. — 1741,  Campbell. — 1749,  Gonzalez  de  Barcia. — 
1750,  6.— 1752,  Chevalier,  86.-1755,  7.— 1756,  8.— 1757,  Burke.— 1759,  10.— 
1760,  Jefferys,  Merchant— 1762,  Jefferys,  11.— 1763,  Poissonnier.- 1765,  Estaing. 
-1768,  Jefferys.- 1770,  Ponpp^e-Desportes,  87.— 1771,  De  la  Croix,  Speer.— 
1773,  Bellin.— 1776,  Jefferys.— 1776,  Hilliard-D'Auberteuil,  Nicolson.— 1778,  12. 
-1779,  Billiard  D'Auberteuil.— 1780,  Du  Buisson,  Jaoquin,  Raynal.— 1782, 
RaynaL— 1783,  Fernandez  de  Oviedo,  Travello.— 1784,  Moreau  de  St  M^ry.— 1785, 
Baynal,  Sanchez-Yalverde,  13, 14, 15. — 1786,  Arthaud. — 1787,  Arthaud,  Chastenet- 
Puys^ur,  Genton,  Thi^ry  de  Menonville,  16.— 1788,  Nougaret  Swartz,  17, 18. — 
1789,Barb6  Marbois,  La  Mardelle,  19.— 1790,  Barb^Marbois.— 1791,  Ch  *  ♦  ♦  ♦  ♦  ♦, 
Pbelipeau,  Ponce,  20,  21.-1792,  Anthoine  (?),  Arnauld,  Coetivy  (?),  Cormier, 
Gatcreau,  Jefferys,  Mirbeck,  Stockdale,  22,  23.— 1793,  Boistouchet,  Courmand  (?), 
lyEsparbes  (?),  Gros,  Mulloz. — 1796,  Barb^  Marbois,  Cobbet,  Grasset,  Moreau  de 
St.  M6ry. — 1797,  Antunez,  Edwards,  Garran-Coulon,  Guerin,  Moreau  de  St.  M^ry, 
Muiloz,  Venault  de  Charmilly,  Wimpffen. — 1798,  Cotterel,  Laborie,  Montbrun. — 
1799,  Edwards.— 1800,  Lyonnet  Robertson,  Ryder.— 1801,  Edwards.— 1802,  Barrd, 
C  •  •  ♦,  Chastenet-Puys^gur,  Cousin,  Dubroca,  Ducceuijoly,  Edwards,  Malouet, 
Perin,  Rainsford,  24.-1803,  Bumey,  Chalmers,  L'Ouverture.— 1804,  Boisrond- 
Toiinerre,  Dubroca,  25. — 1805,  Adlerstam,  Dubroca,  Laujon,  Ledebour,  Palisot  de 
Beauvais,  Rainsford.— 1807,  Archenholz,  Robin,  Vieillot.— 1808,  B.,  Coke,  Hassal^ 
Holmes,  Tussac.— 1809,  Descourtilz,  Dorvo-Soulastre,  Nieto. — 1810,  Bert,  Cabot, 
Drake,  Guillermin,  Hakluyt,^  Hawkins,  Newport,  Twitt,  Walton. — 1811, 
Guillermin,  Prevost. — 1812,  Alce()o,  Pinkerton,  Walton. — 1814,  Dalmas,  Drouin, 
flenry,  Laujon,  Malenfant,  Vastey,  26,  27.— 1815,  D'Ennery,  Prevost  (?).— 1816^ 


94 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  ASII  CARTOGBAPHT  OF  HISrANIOLA, 


Henrj',  Sanders,  Vaatey.— 1817,  Damaa,  Vaatey.— 181B,  Bossi,  De  Pmdt,  Melral, 
Naval  Officer,  Ro«ierB,  lioitzeau,  Snnders,  28,  29.— ISId,  Gaatine,  Lacmii,  MhIo, 
RosierB,  Vastey.  — 1820,  Boyer,  Charlemagne,  Jomini,  30,  31.— 1821,  Chaat«ael- 
Puys^gur,  Virfcaste!,  32.— 1822,  F.W.  and  G.W.C.— 1823,  Vaatey,  33,  34.— 
1824,  Boyer,  Hdrftrd-Duraesle,  MoKiis,  3C,  85.-1825,  PemandeE  de  Navarette, 
Malo,  Metrai,  Reverdi,  Walton.— 1826,  Barskett,  Bromine,  Placide-JuHtin, 
Philippi,  Vega,  WalleE,  3T.— 1827,  Boyer,  Colombo,  Descourtile,  Harvey, 
Southey.— 1828,  FemandeB  de  Navarette,  Franklin,  Irving,  38.-1829,  Chauclie- 
prat.- 1830,  Jaeger,  MackenKie,  94.— 1831,  Boyer.— 1832,  Ardouin,  Mgn^tries.- 
1833,  Brandt,  Descourtilz,  EsmaiDgart.- 1834,  Heanie,  39.-1836,  Hearae, 
Laujon,  Hegnftult- 1836,  Cuvier,  Hanna,  Paul,  Bitter,  40.  41.-1837,  Brown. 
—1838,  42.-1840,  Cbarotte.- 1841,  Metrai,  St.  Croii,  TWbot  de  Pelterie.— 1642. 
Candler,  St.  Crois,  43,  44.-1843,  Oranier,  Inginac,  Mouttet,  Schoelchor.- 184J, 
BUelte,  Bourdieu,  Reden,  45.— 1846,  Jordan,  St.  Remy,  46.-18*7,  Deasalles,  Hart- 
laub,  Macgregor,  Modiou,  Major,  47.— 1848,  Hartlauli,  48,  49.-1849,  Jordau,  50. 
—1850,  Duvert,  Haltien,  nenikcr,  Ijjraartine  de  Prat,  Moore,  Miiller,  St.  Hemy, 
Sowerby,  51,  62, — 1851,  Bathurst,  Boisrond-Tonnerrc,  Cerderero,  K.,  LinttaDt- 
Pradine,  St.  Hemy,  Schomburgk,  64,  55.— 1852,  Brittannicus,  La  Crois  de  H&rlto, 
MUller,  PfeifTer,  Bchorabargk,  53,  56,  57.-1853,  AnJouin,  Beard.  Caro,  Clark, 
Eeneken,  Lonsdale,  Monte,  Moore,  Pocy,  St,  Hemy,  Schomburgk,  68.-1854,  Conrad, 
St,  Itemy,  Sallfi,  Sohomborgk,  'Willis,  59,  60,  61.— 1855,  Brown,  Charton, 
Elliot,  Fisher,  Helps,  Mota,  Nan,  Prax,  Poey,  Sall^,  8chombui^k.~1856,  D'Alam. 
Gu^tin,  Roaelly,  62.-1857,  Banzoni,  Sall^,  Smith,— 1858,  Hjalmarson,  Pfeiffec, 
Saussure,  Wei nland .^1859,  Bergeaitd,  Hjalmarson,  Lenox,  Mulligan,  Nolloth,  Scil- 
lacio,  Trollope,  Weinland,— 18B0,  Calendar  of  State  Papers,  Courtney,  Handelmann, 
Martens,  Miiller,  St.  Amand,  Weinland,  63,  04,  G5.— 1861,  Ansted,  Bona,  Bonneau, 
Chsrolais,  Melril,  66,-1862,  Berlioz  d'Auriac,  Bird,  Bknd,  Bocneau,  Castro, 
Dhonnoya,  Fiibena,  Margry,  "Diiderbil!,  Veuillerain,  Weinland,  WeUs,  67.— 18C3, 
ContMn,  Cope,  Duncan,  Llltken,  Maris,  Pannter,  Iteinhardt,  Shepherd,  Van  Beuvel, 
Weinland,  Weiss,  68. — -1864,  A,,  Bonnet,  Cope,  Dhormoya,  Duncan,  Varnhagen,  69. 
— 1866,  Bamett,  Cope,  Griscbacli,  Guridi,  Harrissc,  Ricque,— 1867,  Bonvet,  Garcia, 
70.-1868,  Ackermann,  Bryant,  Duncan,  Hatch,  Hel|B,  Uliler.— 1869,  Palke, 
Helps,  RiischhttHiit,  Vamliagen.— 1870,  Delorme,  Hai^rave,  Keim,  Major,  71,  72, 
73,  74. — 1871,  Americua,  Brinlon,  Coi*,  Gabb,  Lossing,  U.S.  Commission,  WaUL, 
Weiss,  75.— 1872,  Elliot,  I3«bb,  Harrisso.— 18T3,  Conant,  Delva,  Gabb,  Garczynaki, 
Grand  Dictionnaire  Universel,  Harrison,  Hazard,  Settler,  76,  77.-1874,  Hasard, 
Koffmahn,  La  Selve,  Petermann,  78. — 1875,  Bigelow,  Casaa,  Kolb,  La  Selve,  Mcnrau 
de  St.  Mc-ry,  Thuureftu.- 1870,  Bland,  Guppy,  Linstant-Pradine,  Wallace.- 1877, 
Grognou-Lacoste,  Pascual  de  Gayftiigoa,  Stuart,  79,  80.— 1878,  Dupont,  Gragnon- 
T,acoete,  Porter,  Stuart,  Tejera,~1879,  Castro,  Cocohia,  Desert,  Eldin,  La  Selve, 
Tejera,  Twins.- 1880,  Bergeaud,  Calendar  of  State  Papers,  Cliampliu,  81,  82.— 1881, 
La  Selve,  Ramsay.- 1883,  Auguste. — 1883,  Hoben,  Janvier,  Parmentier,  Pnlling, 
Scheter,  Thevet,— 1884,  Harrisse,  St.  John,  Tristram.- 1885,  Cory,  Duro.— 188T, 
HoUu 


BIBUOGRAPHY  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OP  HISPANIOLA.  95 


ra.  INDEX  TO  AUTHOES  AND  ANONYMOUS  PUBLICATIONS. 

AB0IIOIHB8 :  AngleriuB,  Arthaud,  Brinton,  Casas,  Churchill,  Desoourtilz,  Helps, 
Hemra,  La  Selre,  Monte  y  Tejado,  Mnfioz,  Nan,  Navarette,  Nicolaon,  Ogilby, 
Boqr,  PimXy  Purchas,  Ryder,  Schombnrgk,  Shepherd,  Tan  Heuvel,  Walton, 
Nioolsoo,  Poey>  Both,  Ryder,  Schomburgk. 

Aoucultubb:  Boyer,  Bromme,  Franklin,  42. 

Alhajtach  :  Dapont,  19,  20,  28,  29. 

AnxzATiOK:  [by  France]  Laujon,  Monttet,  58;  [by  Spidn]  Bona,  Charolais, 
Dhormoys,  65;  [by  United  States]  Americas,  Hargrave,  Keim,  U.S.  Commission, 
72,73,74,75,76. 

Adtoobapb:  [Cohimbns]  Major,  [Henry  I.]  Mackenzie,  [Louveriure]  Rainsfonl, 
St  Bemy,  [Soolonqne]  Gu6rin. 

BnxB-LBiTun,  kto.  :  Bergeaud,  BerlioE  d'Auriac,  Bigelow,  Duvert,  Gragnon  de 
Laooste,  La  Selve,  Lamartine,  St  John,  Rosiers,  41. 

BouooBAFHT :  Bonneau,  Charton,  Hanisse,  ELazard.  Holmes,  St  Remy,  Scillacio. 

BoTAKT :  Adlerstam,  Chevalier,  Descoortilz,  Grabb,  Grisebach,  Ledebonr,  Jacquin, 
Plunuer,  Ricord,  Ritter,  Swartz,  Tussac,  U.S.  Commission. 

BunsH  Affaibs,  bto.  :  Clark,  Edwards,  Du  Tertre,  Laborie,  Hakluyt,  Schodcher, 
Walton,  25,  52, 53,  57. 

Gagtub  ahd  Coobxskal  :  Thierry  de  Menonville. 

Gabsobausm  and  Vaudoux  Worship  :  A.,  DhormoyR,  Hargrave,  St  John. 

GorpxE  Plahtkb  :  Laborie,  34. 

GimoNATiON  OF  Hembt  L  :  Prevost 

CouBT  Guide  :  83. 

DncaiPTioKs,  Votaoes,  Tbavsls,  Visits,  Acooukts,  etc.:  Bathnrst,  Benzoui, 
fimke,  Caro,  Champlin,  De  la  Croix,  De  Pradt,  Dhormoys,  Dorvo-Soulastre, 
Dncaenijoly,  Eldin,  Garczynski,  Gardyner,  Grand  Dictionnaire  Universel,  Granier 
de  Cassagnac,  Hakluyt,  Hanna,  Hazard,  Helps,  H^rard,  Hoben,  Janvier,  Jefferys, 
Inginac,  Keim,  Labat,  Lacroix,  Laet,  La  Selve,  Laujon,  Mackenzie,  Malonet, 
Margry,  Maris,  Morean,  Mfiller,  Kaval  OfiBoer,  Niles,  NoUoth,  Nougaret,  Ogilby, 
Oviedo,  Parmentier,  Ricque,  Robin,  St.  Croix,  St  John,  Sanders,  Schoslcher, 
Schomburgk,  Settler,  Shepherd,  Stuart,  Underbill,  Vielcastiel,  Walton,  Willis, 
11, 12, 13,  16, 17,  21,  48.  61,  60,  68,  71,  81. 
DiiscovEBT  of:  Anglerius,  Bossi,  Charotte,  Churchill,  Colombo,  Helps,  Herrera, 
Irving,  Major,  Muiloz,  Navarette,  Ogilby,  Oviedo,  Vamhagen,  Vega,  see  also 

HiSTOBT. 

DiBBABES,  Feyebs,  ETC. :  Bergeaud,  Chevalier,  Dncoeurjoly,  Nougaret,  Poissonnier, 
Poupp^Desportes,  Sanchez- Valverde. 

Eabthquake  :  Miiller,  44,  84,  86,  87. 

KuBOPE,  ETC. :  Bonneau,  Mouttet,  Raynal,  Reden. 

FiVANCBS,  CoMMEBCE,  AND  STATISTICS :  Barskett,  Chotard,  Dalmas,  Desert,  Diaz 
de  la  Calle,  Ducoeurjoly, '  Fisher,  Franklin,  Kolb,  Lyonnet,  Malouet,  Macgregw, 
Melvil-Bloncourt,  Mazois,  Mota,  Nicolson,  Niles,  Pulling,  Raynal,  Reden,  Sanchez- 
Valverde,  Theureau,  2,  3,  4,  7,  8,  14, 15,  28,  40,  49,  50,  53,  59,  77,  78,  85. 

Fjulsce  akd  the  Fbench  at:  Bonneau,  Boyer,  Charolais,  Clark,  Dumas,  Du 
Tertre,  Harvey,  Henry,  Jomini,  Laujon,  Merchant,  Metral,  Mouttet,  Wallez,  30, 58. 

Fbeebootebs,  Pibates,  and  Buccakeebb  :  Archenholz,  Bumey,  Exquemelin. 

G  azbtteeb  :  Ardouin. 

Geoobapht:  Ardouin,  Alcedo,  Castro,  Hjalmarson,  Jcfierys,  Kofifmahn,  Moletius, 


06 


BIBUOGRAPHV  AND  fARTOGIiAPHT  OF  HISPANIOU. 


Moreau  de  St.  Merj',  Itamsay,  Sdiomburgk,  Wylfliot,  59,  GG,  6B ;  lee  also  Geology, 
HiBtorj,  Descriptions,  &c.,  anil  Mapa  and  Charts. 

Gkoloot  akd  Palkomtolooy  :  Castro,  Conrad,  Desconrtilz,  Duncan,  Gabli,  Genton, 
Gtippy,  Henekcn,  Ueuiker,  Lonsdale,  Moore,  Sowerby,  Schomburgk,  tee  also  Hines. 

HisTOB? :  Alcedo,  Ardouiii,  Barekett,  Beard,  Benzoni,  Boisrond-Tonnerre,  Bona, 
Bonneau,  Bonnet,  BrittinnicuB,  Brown,  Calendar  of  State  Papers,  Ciuspbell,  Cosas, 
Charlevoix,  Charotte,  Cinna,  Coke,  Contzen,  Descourtilz,  Dessalles,  Dubtocs, 
Elliot,  Fronlilin,  Garcia,  Garron  do  Coulon,  Gastine,  Goroara,  GuiUennin,  Haadul- 
niann,  Barvey,  Hassal,  Holmes,  JefTcrys,  La  Croix,  Lossing,  Miu^regor,  Mackenzie, 
Madiou,  Malenfant,  Metral,  Malu,  Moreau  do  St.  M^ry,  Monte  y  Tejadn,  Pbillipi, 
Raiiuford,  Raynal,  Regnault,  Robertson,  St.  Amand,  St.  Bemy,  St.  John,  Scbcplcher, 
Stockdale,  Tuasac,  Weiss,  Vastey,  6, 10, 19,  22,  23,  24,  30,  32,  43,  56,  G6,  67. 

Immiohatiok  to  :  Sanders,  Settler,  3C,  61, 

Laws,  Jubticb,  Govbbsmbnt,  CoNsrinmoji ;  Bonueau,  Boyer,  Ch  *  •  *  '  •  •, 
Delva,  Franklin,  Henry,  Laborie,  Linstant-Pradine,  Long,  Malouet,  Moreau  de 
SL  M6ry,  Nicolson,  Paven,  Pnlling,  Raynal,  St.  Bomy,  Sanders,  18,  27,  31,  32, 
37,  38,  45,  46,  47,  61.  ' 

Libels:  Augnste,  Biaettu,  Brittannicus,  Cbarlemagne,  Ha'itlen,  Boaiers,  Vastey, 
Venault  de  Charmilly,  55. 

Mrtborologt  :  Ackermann,  Dncceurjoly,  Gabb,  Moreau  de  St.  Mery,  Foey,  Bitter, 
Sohomburgk,  1,  62. 

Military  Opehatioks  ;  Cf-etivy,  Chalmers,  Dalmas,  Drake,  Dubroca,  Du  Tertre, 
Eataing,  Edwardi,  Giiillerniin,  Hakluyt,  Harvey,  Lanjon,  Metral,  Walton,  30. 

MiHEB  ;  Candler,  Dorvo^Soulaatre,  Ducceuijoly,  Melvil-Bloncourt,  Stuart,  Walton  ; 
[Gold]  Courtney;  [Salt]  Hatch  ;  Ruschaupt;  [Copper]  70. 

pABia  ExHiBmoN :  Bouvet. 

People  and  Popvlatioh  :  Frankliir,  Grasset  St.  Saavear,  Moreau  de  St.  M^ry, 
Maloaet,  Bouzeau  de  Loitct,  St.  Jolm,  Sanders,  Yaatey,  Walton. 

pBTnoLEUu  Spbikob:  Gabb. 

Pidoih-Frbhcb  VocABtTi-ABY !  DuccBurjoly. 

PoBTBAiTfl :  [B.  Colombo]  Monte  y  Tejada ;  [C.  Colombo]  Major,  Monte  y  Tejada, 
MuBoz,  Roselly  de  Lorguea  ;  [Dessolines]  Dubroca ;  [Ferd.  VII.  of  Sjain]  Walton  ; 
[Gen.  Ferraud]  GuiUennin  de  Montpinay ;  [T.  Louverture]  Gragnon  de  Latoste, 
Jordan,  Metral,  St.  Remy;  [Gen.  Gefftatd]  66;  [Gen.  I'etiou],  St.  Remy; 
[Soulouque],  Guerin. 

Pbooress  :  Bonnean,  Moreau  de  St.  USry. 

Public  Isbtbcction  :  Franklin,  Boyer. 

Belioion  :  Franklin,  Underbill. 

Satling  DiHKcnoss,  Tidkb,  etc,  :  Bamett,  Bonrdien,  Chastenet-PuyB^ur, 
Cbaucbepratt,  Engl.  Pilot,  Feuill^,  Gonzale/.-Carrauza,  Hakluyi,  Jeffeiys,  Piumter, 
ItqfgeTeen,  Scbomburgk,  Specr,  02,  Ttl,  80,  82,  88.    See  also  Maps,  &c, 

SA3IANA  Ba(  ;  Brittannictia,  Harrison,  Sohomburgk,  76. 

Saxon  MrKBus;  Falke. 

Ska-Watkh  AT  Hayti:  Weinland. 

Slavery  :  Descourtilz,  Ducojurjoly. 

Spakibh  ApFAms:  Antunez,  Buriiey,  Ca&aa,  Diaz  de  la  Calle,  Veitia  Linage, 
Weiss,  65. 

Statu  of:  Ansted,  B.,  Candler,  Barrc  de  St.  Venant,  Bird,  Bonneau,  Delorme, 
Eamangart,  Franklin,  Hiiliard  d'Auberteuil,  Lnborie,  St.  Remy,  Weiss,  Pan), 
Moreau  de  St.  M6ry. 

Tobtuoa:  Arclienholz,  Burney,  Eiquemclin,  Da  Tertre. 


BIBLIOGRAPHT  AND  CARTOGRAPHY  OF  HISPAXIOLA.  97 

ruTED  States:  Clark,  Hazard,  Porter,  Walsh,  U.S.  Commission,  72,  73,  74,  75, 
76,7a 

YuwB  AND  Illustbations  :  Benzoni,  Grasset  St.  Sauveor,  Guillermin,  Hanna, 
Htrrey,  Hazard,  La  Selve,  Mackenzie,  Monte  y  Tejada,  Ponce  et  Phelipeau, 
Hitter,  Ogilby,  Bainsford,  Scillacio. 

Zmomt:  [General]  Desoourtilz,  Jaeger,  Nicolson,  Oviedo,  Bitter,  U.S.  Com- 
misiaD,  Wallace ;  [Mammalia] 3randt,  Cuvier,  Heame,  Weinland ;  [Aves]  Bryant, 
Gory,  DeBcoortilz,  Elliot,  Hartlaub,  Hearne,  Oviedo,  Bitter,  Sall^,  Tristram 
"^Uot ;  [Batrachia  and  Beptilia]  Cope,  LUtken,  Beinhardt,  Weinland ;  [Pisces] 
DeBOOurtilz ;  [Mollosca]  Bland,  Gabb,  Hjalmarson,  Martens,  Pfeiffer,  Weinland ; 
[ArachDida]  Arthaud ;  [Millepeda]  Arthaud ;  [Crustacea]  Saussure ;  [Insect] 
Pilisot  de  Beauvais;  [Coleoptera]  Sall^;  [Lepidoptera]  M^ndtri^;  [Odonata] 
Uhler. 


YOL.   II. 


H 


EXPLORATIONS 


IK 


ZANZIBAE  DOMINIONS. 


Bj  Lieut.  Chas.  Stewart  Smith,  r.n.,  ELM.  Vice-Consul,  Massowah, 


PAQB 

1.  BETWEEN  KILWA  KIVINJI  AND  THE  ROVUMA 101 

Itikebabt  : — 

Journey  to  Mpnemn 108 

Journey  to  the  RoTuma 109 

2.  EXPLORATION  IN  THE  SHIMBA  COUNTRY 119 

iTOnSBABT  •«      123 


H  2 


EXPLORATIONS 


IN 


ZANZIBAE   DOMINIONS. 

By  Lieut.  Chas.  Stewakt  Smith,  r.n.,  H.M.  Vice-Conjral,  Massowah. 

1.  Bbtwebm  Eilwa  Eiyinji  and  thb  Boyuma. 

Map,  p.  126. 

I5  the  year  1883  the  export  of  slaves  from  the  2<anzibar  dominions  waa 
very  nearly  stopped,  and  for  some  years  sncli  sea  slave-trade  as  was  yet 
carried  on  had  been  of  the  nature  of  petty  smuggling.  But,  although  the 
export  of  slaves  was  diminishing,  there  was  reason  to  believe  that  in 
spite  of  the  miinieipal  law,  slaves  were  still  being  brought  from  the 
interior  to  the  coast,  where  they  were  bought  and  used  by  the  coast 
people,  both  Arabs  and  Swahilis.  The  slave-trade  having  thus  appar- 
ently entered  a  new  phase,  it  became  the  duty  of  the  Gk)Temment  to 
consider  whether  the  depot  ship  London  should  be  replaced  by  some 
other  vessel  or  whether  a  less  costly,  but  under  the  new  circumstances 
«  more  efficient,  system  should  be  adopted.  For  the  London  was  a 
wooden  line-of-battle  ship,  now  absolutely  rotten,  which,  lying  for  ten 
years  in  Zanzibar  Harbour,  had  by  means  of  her  boats  operated  against 
the  sea  slave-trade.  It  was  finally  resolved  to  pay  off  the  London  and 
to  break  her  up,  at  the  same  time  placing  Yice-Oonsuls  at  different 
ports  on  the  coast,  whose  chief  duty  it  should  be  to  give  informa- 
tion about  the  slave-trade,  to  encourage  as  far  as  possible  the 
development  of  commerce,  and  to  assist  the  native  authorities  with 
advice. 

Having  acquired  Swahili,  the  universal  language  of  the  coast,  during 
two  years'  service  in  the  London^  I  was  made  a  Yico-Consul  under 
Sir  John  Eirk,  by  whom  I  was  stationed,  in  May  1884,  at  Eilwa  Eivinji. 

It  was  from  this  port,  with  the  objects  I  have  just  named,  that  I 
QUide  the  journeys  on  foot  described  below.  The  map  showing  the 
district  from  Eilwa  to  Lindi  is  made  from  topographical  notes,  which 
^re  placed  together  after  the  general  account. 

The  first  glance  at  this  map  will  show  that  it  differs  materially 
(notably  in  the  course  assigned  to  the  Bovuma)  from  the  corresponding 


103  ..."•-;. 'explorations  in  zanzibau  domisiohs. 

portion, of  fiiat  of  East  Equatorial  Africa,  recently  isBued  by  the  Boyal 
Geoo-ftpbical  Society :  it  may  therefore  be  useful  to  sketch  tlie  methods 
on  wiiijjh  I  have  worked. 

'■■.  The  map  ib  conetnicted  on  Mercator's  projection,  and  on  the  same 

,  '•soaie  aB  that  of  the  Geographical  Society,  from  which  I  have  tuken  the 

-■*;(»aflt-line.    In  it  a  note  of  interrogation  expresses  doubt  as  to  a  name  or 

-   a  position,  and  what  is  not  from  my  own  observation  is  shown  in  dotted 

lines. 

The  latitudes  I  have  always  preferred  to  dotermine  by  meridian 
attitudes  of  a  pair  of  stars,  one  being  north,  the  other  nouth  of  the 
zenith,  a  method  by  which  error  from  natural  causes  is  eliminated, 
whilst  those  of  arithmetic  are  betrayed ;  but  I  have  often  used 
single  meridian  altitudes,  and  once  or  twice  double  altitudes.  The 
latitudes  thus  determined,  aod  the  distances  marched,  with  occa- 
sionally the  bearioga  of  hills,  are  the  data  from  which  the  longitudes 
are  deduced  by  protraction.  Though  certain  ohaervations  have  been 
entirely  rejected,  I  have  never  altered  what  I  wrote  down  at  the  time, 
and  where  an  impossible  caao  has  presented  itself,  I  have  called 
attention  to  the  fact  in  the  itinerary.  During  the  round  of  about 
450  miles  an  error  of  about  10'  in  longitude  manifested  itself.  As 
it  is  now  impoasible  to  determine  the  erroneous  sectiona,  and  as  on 
my  return  journey  to  the  coaat  I  was  sometimes  footsore,  sometimes 
feverish,  sometimes  both,  and  was  carried  much  of  the  way,  I  have 
assumed  what  is  highly  probable,  namely,  that  the  error  developed  itself 
then,  and  I  have  distributed  it  over  several  positions.  This  theory  is  oon 
firmed  by  the  fact  that  the  longitude  of  my  extreme  point,  Kuugwangu's 
village  (wrongly  spelt  in  the  Eoyal  Geographical  Society's  map  as 
Kunganga's)  as  given  by  luuars,  agrees  very  closely  with  that  obtained 
by  dead  reckoning.  The  heights  are  deduced  from  observations  of  a  small 
aneroid  barometer  with  no  attached  thermometer,  and  must  be  cousidei'ed 
Oft  only  approximate.  For  identification  of  the  various  kinds  of  rock,  1 
collected  a  number  of  specimens,  whose  labels  unfortunately  became 
detached,  and  I  have  to  confine  myself  to  naming  their  general 
nature. 

The  object  of  my  first  expedition  was  Mpnemn,  a  halting-place  on 
the  Ndonde  road,  which  I  had  been  given  to  understand  was  then 
much  frequented  by  Yao  caravans ;  but  as  it  loads  tlirough  the  district 
occupied  by  the  Wagwangwara,  I  am  now  convinced  that  such  is  not 
the  case ;  and  that  it  is  only  traversed  by  such  few  persons  as  may  come 
down  from  the  Wagwangwara,  by  parties  from  the  Ndonde  country 
coming  to  the  coast  with  indiarubber,  and  with  perhaps  a  few  slaves, 
or  in  good  seasons  with  grain,  to  trade  for  cloth  and  salt,  and  occasionally 
by  native  hunters ;  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Mpuemu  these  find  numerous 
harteheest  and  wildebeest,  whose  flesh  they  jerk  and  sell  in  the  towns. 
Is  spite  of  the  extreme  dryness  of  the  season,  which,  the  natives  said. 


EXPLORATIONS  IN  ZANZIBAR  DOMINIONS.  103 

lisd  driven  most  of  the  game  to  a  sheet  of  water  said  to  exist  to  the 
fiorthwaid,  there  was  still  plenty  to  be  seen  and  of  many  sorts. 

In  my  second  journey  it  was  my  intention  to  pass  along  the  southern 
of  the  two  roctds  leading  to  the  Wagwangwara  country,  and  after 
retching  Luknmbi,  a  hill  marked  in  the  Ge(^raphical  Society's  map  as 
being  in  lat.  9""  50'  S.  and  long.  87''  46'  E.,  to  move  down  to  Lindi  by 
way  of  Masasi. 

On  arrival  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Lukumbi,  I  found  that  the  direct 
road  to  Masasi  was  non-existent,  and  was  therefore  compelled  to  use  a 
little-firequented  path  which  led  down  to  the  banks  of  the  Bovuma. 
Having  crossed  this  at  the  village  of  Eungwanga,  our  road  was  along 
the  south  side  of  the  river  nearly  as  far  as  its  confluence  with  the 
Lojenda.  We  then  followed  the  north  bank  till  nearly  south  of  Mtola's 
village,  where  there  is  a  station  of  the  Universities'  Mission.  Here  we, 
halted  a  few  days  to  give  sore  feet  a  chance  of  healing,  and  then  made 
our  way  to  Lindi  by  way  of  Mtua. 

Travelling  was  occasionally  difficult  on  account  of  the  scarcity  of 
water,  and  we  had  once  or  twice  to  march  more  than  26  miles  from  one 
watering-place  to  another,  only  to  exchange  a  slimy  pool  for  a  muddy 
pit.  The  season  had  been  extraordinarily  dry,  and  besides  leaving  no 
water  in  many  of  the  rivers  and  wells  which  in  ordinary  years  are  not 
dried,  the  drought  had  in  parts  caused  distress  by  the  failure  of  the  food 
■apply.  But  there  was  no  such  suffering  as  was  felt  further  north, 
and  the  scarcity  seemed  not  to  have  extended  more  than  30  to  40  miles 
from  the  coast — indeed,  to  the  southward  of  Newala  the  harvest  was 
extraordinarily  good.  The  Mtua  district,  where  the  people  were  selling 
their  children  for  food,  seemed  to  be  in  the  worst  state.  At  Lindi  I  was 
rarprised  to  find  the  price  of  millet  50  per  cent,  greater  than  at  Kilwa,* 
and  double  that  at  Zanzibar.  Until  the  smallness  of  the  resources  of 
the  people  and  the  difficulties  of  transport  have  been  considered,  the 
sharpness  of  the  boundary  between  want  and  plenty  is  amazing. 

In  the  belt  of  country  extending  from  the  immediate  neighbourhood 
of  Kilwa  to  Eungwanga's,  a  distance  of  250  miles,  and  for  some  days' 
march  along  the  Ndonde  road,  there  are  now  absolutely  no  inhabitants. 
But  the  firequently  recurring  heaps  of  potsherds  by  the  side  of  the  path 
mark  where  medicine  was  made  to  keep  evil  spirits  from  the  turning  to 
a  village;  a  mud  wall  now  nearly  level  with  the  groand,  a  stone 
slightly  hollowed  for  the  grinding  of  millet,  the  farrows  in  the  ground 
vrhere  sweet  potatoes  had  been  cultivated,  or  as  I  once  saw,  a  circle  of 
fine  young  trees  grown  from  striplings  planted  to  form  a  stockade ;  all 
indicate  the  former  positions  of  houses ;  and  the  frequency  of  these 
remains  show  that  the  country  through  which  I  passed  was  till  recently 
fiairly  populated. 

The  abandonment  of  this  large  district  was  caused  by  the  dread  of 
*  At  LiDdi,  in  the  end  of  October,  1884,  millet  coet  about  60  rupees  a  quarter. 


104 


EXPLORATIONS  IN  ZANZIBAR  DOMINIONS. 


the  Wagwangwara,  who,  under  a  chief  known  among  the  Swahilia  as 
Chiiiua  (Iron),  came  almost  to  the  coaflt  in  a  great  raid  made  about 
eighteen  years  ago.  It  is  not  possible  that  they  should  personally  have 
waated  this  great  stretch  of  conntrj-,  but  the  fear  of  them  would  have 
sufficed  to  cause  a  general,  and  probably  a  hurried,  migration  to  safer 
parts  from  the  places  they  did  not  actually  harry.  This  process  ia  to- 
day to  be  noticed  on  the  Upper  Eovuma,  where  the  attack  on  Uasasi 
recently  made  by  the  Wagwangwara  is  now  causing  the  |Hiople  to 
withdraw  from  the  north  bank,  which  they  still  cultivate,  to  the  south 
side  of  the  river  and  to  its  numerous  eyots  and  islands. 

I  have  been  told  by  natives  that  the  Twhaviour  of  the  members  of 
the  Universities'  Mission  on  the  occasion  of  the  foray  on  Uasasi  in  1883 
has  favourably  impressed  the  Wagwangwara,  and  that  they  are  now 
well  disposed  towards  Europeans. 

The  Wagwangwara,  who  occupy  the  district  to  the  north  and  west 
of  Lukumbi,  are  a  great  obstacle  to  the  development  of  the  trade  of 
Eilwa  with  tho  interior.  They  have  the  will,  and  their  position  gives 
them  the  power,  to  rob  and  scatter  any  caravan  passing  by  the  Lukumbi 
road.  Travellers  are  thus  generally  led  to  seek  other  routes,  which  I 
will  shortly  descrilie. 

From  Nyasaa  to  the  part  of  tho  coast  called  Mgao,  there  are  two 
chief  roads  now  in  use,  of  which  the  one  crosses  the  Lujenda  and  paesea 
to  the  southward;  the  other  strikes  the  Kuvuma  at  Knngwanga'a,  and 
either  crosses  it,  and  leads  to  Kilwa,  reversing  my  track  ;  or  it  crosses 
the  river  lower,  thus  avoiding  tlie  Mhoessi,  a  difficult  river  in  time  of 
flood,  and  passes  by  way  of  Maeasi  to  Kilwa  or  to  Lindi ;  or  it  cotnes  to 
the  coast  by  way  of  Newala.  Near  to  the  coast  is  a  network  of  crosB 
communications;  these  are  of  great  ser\'ice  to  the  slave  dealers  in 
enabling  them  to  bring  their  wares  to  whichever  spot  seems,  from  the 
reports  of  those  sent  in  advance,  to  be  tho  most  favourable. 

There  seems  to  have  been  a  considerable  movement  of  slaves  to  the 
coast  in  the  months  of  July,  August,  and  September  in  1884.  Bishop 
Smythies  told  me — I  write  from  memory — that  ho  had  met  in  the  district 
from  Newala  to  tho  westward  four  caravans,  of  which  one  had  200  staves 
in  forks.  Mtola,  the  chief  of  one  of  tlie  Newala  villages,  enumerated 
several  caravans  which  had  lately  passed  on  their  way  to  the  coast ;  one 
or  two  he  had  not  allowed  to  pass  through  his  village,  fearing  lest 
they  should  bring  the  small-pox.  How  many  during  this  period  may 
have  come  down  the  Lujenda  road  I  have  no  means  of  knowing,  but 
it  should  not  be  forgotten  that  as  few  caravans  leave  the  interior  during 
eeed-timo  or  harvest,  or  when  the  rivers  are  in  flood,  this  large  supply 
does  not  contiuue  through  the  year. 

I  myself  only  met  a  part  of  ono  caravan  on  its  way  to  the  coast ;  it 
was  then  about  30  miles  from  Kilwa.  It  had  only  ten  to  fifteen  slaves. 
and  these  were  driven  round  out  of  my  sight.    The  greater  part  of  the 


EXPLORATIONS  IN  ZANZIBAR  DOMINIONS.  105 

cmvan  had,  we  were  told,  gone  to  Lindi.  We  also  learnt  that  a  caravan, 
ft  &w  days  ahead  of  this  one,  had  been  robbed  and  dispersed  in  the 
neighlxmrhood  of  Lnkumbi. 

The  day  after  this  party  had  passed  we  found  a  Yao  woman,  who  had 

escaped  from  it,  and  had  hidden  herself  in  an  almost  dry  wateroonrse. 

She  had  been  three  days  without  food,  and  how  her  rags  hung  on  was  a 

problem  not  to  be  solved  by  the  casual  observer.     She  had  not  been 

with  UB  half  an  hour  before  a  porter  asked  me  her  hand  in  marriage.    I 

letumed  a  diplomatic  answer,  intending  to  leave  her  with  our  missionaries 

at  Newala.    She  was  apparently  happy  with  us,  but  after  three  days 

her  fear  and  mistrust  made  her  run  away  once  more.  I  spent  the  greater 

part  of  the  next  day  in  hunting  for  her,  but  then  gave  up  the  search, 

for  I  think  it  may  be  reckoned  an  impossibility  to  find  a  person  in  the 

buah  who  wishes  to  hide ;  but  I  was  not  sorry  to  have  my  hand  forced 

by  the  fiedlure  of  the  water  supply.    There  can  be  little  doubt  that  this 

poor  creature  would  shortly  faU  a  prey  to  lion  or  leopard,  or  would  die 

of  hunger,  for  Nakiu,  where  she  deserted  our  party,  is  50  miles  from 

any  house.    I  do  not  know  her  history ;  I  had  intended  to  question  her 

when  she  had  become  at  ease  in  her  new  surroundings,  and  used  to  the 

aight  of  a  white  man. 

A  second  fugitive,  whom  we  found  on  the  road  between  Kiangara 
and  Xahilala,  was  an  Ndonde  woman,  who  said  she  had  come  from  a 
hamlet  near  Eilwa,  where  she  had  been  in  slavery  nearly  six  months, 
and  was  now  trying  to  return  to  her  own  country,  carrying  as  money  a 
ba^  of  salt.  Her  scheme  was  probably  to  go  from  village  to  village,  but 
it  wiw  very  unlikely  that  she  would  ever  reach  her  home,  for,  even  sup- 
posing her  to  have  reached  the  first  of  these  villages,  she  would  have 
been  seized  as  a  prize  by  the  first  man  who  met  her.  I  put  her  in  the 
special  charge  of  one  of  my  porters,  but  she  only  remained  with  us  ten 
days,  and  disappeared  on  our  arrival  at  Kungwanga's.  Whether  she 
hid  herself,  or  whether  she  was  spirited  away  and  hidden  by  the 
villagers,  I  cannot  say,  and  I  could  not  do  more  for  her  recovery  than  to 
search  in  the  fields,  and  to  ask  the  chief  to  help  me  to  find  her. 

It  is,  I  believe,  a  ne^v  development  of  the  caravan  system  that  the 
Tao,  finding  they  can  themselves  transact  their  business  on  the  coast, 
dispense  with  middlemen,  and  now  travel  to  and  fro  in  large  bodies  of 
their  own  tribe.  Indeed,  from  the  time  I  left  Kilwa  until  I  neared 
Liindi,  I  saw  no  Arabs. 

The  occupation  of  a  piece  of  land  near  Mtola's  village  by  the 
Universities'  Mission  with  their  colony  of  freed  slaves,  is  a  result  of  the 
raid  on  Hasasi  made  by  the  Wagwangwara,  two  years  ago.  For  they 
say  that,  in  case  of  a  second  attack,  a  refuge  might  be  found  amongst 
the  hills ;  this  is  doubtless  true  if  the  party  were  content  to  disperse, 
bnt  I  should  think  a  retreat  en  masse  across  the  Hovuma  would  be 
wiser. 


106  EXPLORATIONS  IN  ZANZIBAR  DOMINIONS. 

The  work  of  the  station  conBiBts  in  teaching  the  Yao  villagers,  anci 
in  attending  to  the  needs  of  the  colony.  It  is  fortnnato  In  having  an 
intelligent  chief  for  a  neighbour  and  landlord,  and  it  is  well  placed  as 
regards  water  and  soil.  Masasi,  though  not  entirely  abandoned,  seems 
to  have  sunk  into  secondary  importance.  At  Abdallah  Fesa's  ifi  a  small 
station  with  one  lay  member  of  the  Mission. 

Aa  far  as  could  be  seen  in  our  march  to  the  coast,  neither  the  india- 
rubber  creeper  nor  the  copal  tree  are  to  be  found  inland  of  Newala,  bat 
ftirthcr  investigation  is  certainly  needed  in  this  matter. 

My  arrival  at  Iiindi  ended  my  explorations  in  this  part  of  the  Zanzibar 
dominions;  and  I  feel  that  I  ought  not  to  leave  the  subject  without 
saying  a  few  words  for  my  porters.  I  am  aware  that  it  is  the  fasliion 
to  speak  of  thejr  weaknesses  as  crimes,  and  of  their  virtues  with  a  sort 
of  goodnatured  surprise,  and  for  this  very  reason  I  feel  it  my  duty  to 
put  my  eiporience  on  record. 

There  was  no  difficulty  in  engaging  porters  at  five  dollars  per  mensem, 
the  food  to  be  supplied  by  me ;  but,  hiul  my  house  not  been  built  with 
a  central  court,  I  should  never  have  succeeded  in  collecting  them  for 
the  start.  At  the  last  moment  each  one  would  remember  some  urgent 
business,  or  some  friend  of  whom  leave  must  be  taken.  However,  my 
rule  was  strict ;  once  in  the  house  no  leave  of  absence,  and  at  last  the 
men  were  collected,  and  we  filed  out  of  the  town.  Out  of  fifty  men 
ci>SBg^  I  think  there  were  but  three  absentees,  and  only  one  whom 
we  did  not  get  the  next  day.  On  the  fifth  day  after  camping,  when 
about  25  miles  from  Manyunyu— the  last  village  we  passed  on  our  way 
from  Kilwa^-a  battle  began  between  myself  and  the  porters.  They  all 
came  to  me,  and  said  that  theii'  wages  were  insufGcient ;  in  short,  they 
wanted  an  iucreaso,  or  they  would  return  to  Eilwa.  I  refused,  and  we 
went  to  sleep.  Each  party  was  determined  to  have  his  own  way.  Tho 
next  morning  I  asked  the  men  whether  they  repudiated  their  engagement. 
On  their  saying  that  they  did,  I  brought  matters  to  a  crisis  by  having 
all  the  food  and  all  the  arms  collected  and  piled  in  a  heap.  Shortly 
afterwards  one  of  the  porters  got  up,  and  said  ho  was  going  t)ack  to 
Kilwa,  I  called  him  to  me ;  my  servants  spread-eagled  liim  on  the  heap 
of  millet-b^B,  and  tho  cook  gave  him  fifty  blows  with  a  stick.  During 
the  couTHe  of  the  day  the  mutiny  subsided,  and  I  gave  out  the  arms 
again  and  continued  the  issue  of  provisions. 

My  severity  on  this  occasion,  to  which  I  very  seldom  had  even  to 
allude,  was  entirely  justified.  The  only  punishmenla  I  ever  found 
necessary  after  this  were  of  two  descriptions.  For  quarrelling,  tho 
punishment  was  for  one  of  tho  two  to  come  and  sit  close  to  myself 
till  his  temper  was  cooled,  which  was  generally  very  eoon,  for  a  negro 
hates  to  be  made  ridiculous.  Offenders  in  other  ways  were  ordered 
to  carry  the  tent — slightly  the  heaviest  burden — until  some  one  else 
earned  the  punishment.    These  punishments  sufficed,  and  before  we  had 


EXPLORATIONS  IN  ZANZIBAR  DOMINIONS.  107 

gone  very  far  I  was  entirely  satisfied  with  the  state  of  discipline  of  my 
cuaTan. 

My  own  dealings  with  my  men  were  governed  by  four  rules,  which 
neTer  seemed  to  fail  in  making  them  do  my  wishes.  I  give  them,  and 
I  defy  anybody  else  to  make  better  ones : — 

L  When  possible,  let  the  men  have  two  meals  a  day. 
IL  Let  the  burdens  be  light  rather  than  heavy. 
III.  There  is  nothing  so  persuasive  as  chaff. 
lY.  Rest  on  Sundays. 
The  porters  generally  sleep  in  the  open  air  round  the  fires,  but  in 
bad  weather,  or  when  there  is  any  fear  of  strangers,  a  sakasa  or  camp 
IB  constructed.    A  circle,  five  or  six  feet  high,  is  marked  out  by  stakes, 
against  which  are  piled  branches  and  grass  so  as  to  give  a  good  defence ; 
lean-to  huts,  or  rather  booths,  are  then  easily  made  on  the  inside  with 
the   same  materials.      It  is  always  wise  to  bum  the  grass  in  the 
immediate  neighbourhood  of  the  camp.    Not  only  does  this  prevent  its 
being  damaged  by  bush  fires,  but  it  discourages  the  visits  of  travelling 
ants.     But  when  sleeping  in  a  village  it  is  the  duty  of  the  chief*  to 
pnt  hnts  at  the  disposal  of  the  travellers.    For  this  service,  a  present 
of  a  couple  of  rupees'  worth  of  cloth  is  expected. 

The  dose  relations  between  myself  and  my  porters  gave  me  opportu- 
nitiea  of  studying  the  superstitious  bent  of  the  native  mind.  This  I 
flhonld  describe  as  being  almost  entirely  a  tendency  to  the  fear  of  evil 
spirits,  especially  among  the  less  instructed  Mahommedans.  On  October  4, 
1884,  there  took  place  a  total  eclipse  of  the  moon,  which  I  had  not 
neglected  to  predict,  although  careful  not  to  take  to  myself  the  credit  due 
to  the  Astronomer  Boyal.  It  was  a  clear  night,  and  the  moon  was  high 
in  the  heavens.  When  the  eclipse  began,  one  man  stood  out,  and  putting 
bis  thumbs  in  his  ears  and  his  hands  to  the  side  of  his  head,  he  called 
the  faithful  to  prayers,  as  does  a  Muezzin,  and  conducted  Divine  Service, 
in  which  many  joined.  The  cook,  on  the  other  hand,  collected  a  party 
of  the  more  superstitious  and  danced  before  them  by  the  fire  with  song 
and  chorus. 

Cook. — "  There  is  no  God  but  God !  The  moon  is  hidden !  There  is 
no  God  but  God  ! " 

Chorus.—"  There  is  no  God  but  God ! '' 
Cook.— «  There  is  no  God  but  God !  "  &c. 

It  was  once  necessary  to  send  a  man  down  a  well,  and  I  said  a  light 
must  first  be  lowered  to  the  bottom.  The  cook  explained  to  the 
bystanders  that  I  thought  there  were  devils  in  the  well,  and,  turning  to 
me,  assured  me  that  there  were  none.  However,  whether  or  no  there 
were  devils  in  that  particular  place,  wells  and  waste  places  are  thought 
favourite  lurking-places  for  devils.    Baobab  trees  are  especially  to  bo 

*  The  Swahili  namo  for  tlie  head-man  of  a  village  is  ^  Sultaui ; "  and  the  prince, 
whom  Europeans  call  the  Sultan,  is  Seyyidi. 


108 


OPLORATIOKS  IS  ZANZIBAR  DOUINIOSS. 


feared,  and  tbore  are  devils  under  water.  It  was  aii  article  of  faith 
with  my  servants  that  there  waa  one  in  a  email  house  I  had  to 
occupy  on  my  first  arrival  at  Rilwa.  When  I  was  told  of  it,  I  said 
"  Tea,  I  was  one  night  in  bed  in  that  house.  Hearing  a  noiao  I  turned, 
and  saw  on  the  table,  drinking  from  my  tumbler  of  milk,  a  cat.  I 
threw  a  slipper,  and  it  waa  off."  "  Ah,  yea,"  said  the  man,  "  they  take 
all  sorts  of  shapes."  After  this  story,  it  will  not  appear  strange,  that 
one  day  finding  a  load  without  a  jiorter,  the  guide,  instead  of  looViog 
for  the  man  who  was  shirking,  propounded,  in  good  faith  I  think,  the 
theory  that  this  was  a  sign  of  a  hlessing  on  the  journey. 

My  porters  were,  to  a  certain  point,  very  particular  what  they  ate. 
One  day,  being  by  myself,  a  very  young  antelope  (wildebeest  ?)  ran  up 
to  me.  I  touched  it,  and  then  it  i)iissed  clear  of  me.  I  tried  to  catch 
it,  but  could  not,  and  so.  lieing  badly  off  for  food,  I  was  obliged  to 
shoot  it.  I  carried  it  back  towai-Us  the  camp.  Some  of  my  men  rushed 
Up  and,  muttering  the  invocation,  cut  its  throat.  The  poor  little  thing 
had  been  dead  half  an  hour ;  however,  no  one  wa«  iudulicate  enough  to 
call  attention  to  the  fact.  One,  indeed,  remarked  that  it  was  a  near 
thing.  Hud  it  been  forced  on  their  notice  that  the  beast  was  already 
dead,  I  do  not  know  what  would  have  hapjiened. 

It  may  be  interesting  to  remark  that  as  long  as  I  was  able  to  march 
I  enjoyed  excellent  health ;  I  could  walk  any  diatanoe  in  the  sun,  and 
X  could  even  stalk  game  in  the  middle  of  the  forenoon  without  a  hat. 
But  when  my  boots  became  worn,  my  toes  got  chafed,  and  I  h-id  to  bo 
carried  in  a  small  folding-chair  slung  to  u  pole  with  strips  of  hide : 
then  I  began  to  suffer  from  fever.  As  far  as  my  actual  transport  was 
concerned,  however,  I  found  that  the  men  were  well  able  to  carry  me 
by  hourly  relays.  My  men  enjoyed,  as  a  rule,  good  health,  but  on 
our  way  to  the  coast  many  suffered  from  sore  feet. 


iriNEEAKY. 


;  on       I 
nil      I 


Note, — Unless  olhertmse  sjiedjied,  all  hear'nigs  given  in  poinU  are  true,  all 
given  in  degrees  are  magHetic,  and  all  distances  on  the  march  are  reckoned 
from  the  Inst  ileepvag^plaee. 

Journey  to  Mpukmv. 

Augutt  iOi,  1884. — Left  Eilwa,  crossed  the  hill  Singino  at  the 
back  of  the  town,  and  camped  at  Msizima,  about  4  miles  south-west  of 
Eilwa.  At  a  level  of  about  40  feet  above  the  present  high-water  mark 
is  found  an  ancient  beach.  This  is  also  to  be  observed  in  all  vailtsys 
open  to  the  lower  ground. 

Avgiul  tilK — Undulating  country,  in  parts  stony,  with  sometimes 
deep  watercourses  and  sometimes  rounded  valleys  with  good  soil  in  the 
lower  parts.  The  combined  action  of  drought  and  bush  fires  has 
given  a  very  dreary  look  to  the  district.     No  water  supply  except  at  the 


EXPLORATIONS  IN  ZANZIBAR  DOMINIONS.  109 

Tfllmges.  Six  miles  west  and  south  to  Jengera  Tillage,  12  miles  west 
and  acmih  to  Kigeiegere  village  (200  feet).  We  were  assigned  a  honse  and 
dept  in  its  conrtyard,  which  is  built  by  splitting  and  weaving  bamboos 
for  protection  against  lions,  which  in  wet  weather  seem  to  prefer  the 
iieighlx>nrhood  of  the  coast.  The  natives  complain  that  what  they 
grow  in  their  fields  is  rooted  up  and  destroyed  by  wild  swine,  of  which 
there  are  a  great  quantity. 

August  dfA. — ^The  same  dismal  landscape.  Cultivation  to  be  found 
in  the  valleys  where  the  soil  has  accumulated.  Most  of  the  trees*  belong 
to  the  leguminous  order,  and,  as  we  get  further  from  the  town,  bamboo 
groves  become  more  frequent.  Five  miles  to  Kisongomani  (100  feet), 
the  eetate  of  a  Yao  named  Mahommad  Eiponda,  entirely  the  result  of 
his  own  energy,  he  having  cleared  and  broken  up  the  land. 

August  7ih. — 10  miles  to  Mnazi  Mmoja.  Camped  on  a  slight  emi- 
nence (300  feet)  on  which  is  a  village  with  its  coco-nut  trees,  which  are 
not  to  be  found  further  from  the  coast.  It  is,  I  hear,  a  favourite  place 
for  slaves  to  be  halted,  until  the  arrangements  for  their  disposal  nearer 
the  town  shall  have  been  completed ;  this  is  confirmed  by  the  numerous 
sleeping  enclosures  built  of  boughs  and  grass.  A  certain  amount  of 
game,  chiefly  gazelles,  to  be  seen. 

August  Sth. — A  plain  without  water.  Towards  the  end  of  the  march 
the  land  begins  to  undulate.  It  is  open,  with  little  jungle  except  in  the 
watercourses,  which  are  often  thickly  overgrown.  Except  where  there  has 
been  fire  it  is  covered  with  coarse  sweetly-scented  grass,  which  forms  the 
food  of  the  herds  of  hartebeest  and  wildebeest  of  which  there  are  plenty 
to  be  seen,  although  I  am  told  many  have  been  driven  by  the  drought  to 
a  large  sheet  of  water,  said  to  exist  some  distance  to  the  north-west. 
Wild  pig  are  also  very  plentiful.  10  miles  to  Mpnemu.  Encamped  by 
some  wells  on  a  slight  rise,  where  the  site  of  the  former  village  is 
marked  by  some  mango  trees.    Lat.  8^  56'  S.,  height  250  feet. 

August  ISth, — 10  miles  to  Mnazi  Mmoja.  Estimated  bearing, 
Manyunyu,  162^  30',  5  miles ;  Mpuemu,  282^  21  miles  to  Kigeregere. 
Lat  a  Pavonis,  8°  49'  S. 

August  l^th. — 13  miles  to  Kilwa  Kivinji. 

Journey  to  the  Bovuma. 

Sej^t.  !</.— 4  miles  south-west  to  Mzizima.  Lat.  mer.  alts.  Vega  and 
a  Pav.,  8°  47'  39"  S.  Point  to  northward  of  mouth  of  Jengera  river,  1S\ 
Nyundu  Mbili  hill,  268^  2J  miles. 

Sept.  2nd, — A  succession  of  low  hills  which  the  rain  has  gradually 
bared,  and  left  rocky  and  stony.  There  is  little  cultivation  except  in 
the  large  valleys  where  the  soil  has  accumulated ;  the  smaller  valleys 
are  simple  watercourses.  5  miles,  Nyundu  Mbili,  7^  6  miles,  Hunyu 
village,  back  bearing  of  Mzizima,  63°. 

*  Mostly  tuimoea. 


110  EXPLOKATIONS  IN  2ASZIBAK  DOMI.VIOSS. 

Sept.  3rd. — Country  aB  yesterday.     CJ  miles  to  Manoro.    19 J  mileB  t^~ 
Mauyunyu,  a  hamlet,  to  tho  westward  of  which  are  ao  more  habitationa 
hefore  Ndande,  or,  by  the  way  I  followed,  before  the  EoYnma.     Water 
obtained  with  diiEculty.     Tho  diutance  above  given  is  probably  over 
feckoned.    Lat.  mer.  alt.  Achernar,  8'  69'  S. 

Sept.  5lh. — Low  rolling  hills,  undulating  country,  sandy  soil,  dry 
watercourses ;  a  fair  amount  of  game  to  be  seen.  5  miles ;  road  to  Mnazi 
Moja branches  oS*.  7^  miles;  Mainokwe  (200  feet),  water  obtained  with 
trouble.  lOJ  miles;  drj-  bed  of  Kltandawala.  15J  mileB;  dry  bed  of 
Kiboko  river,  no  water.  Camped,  Lat.  double  alt.  Vega  and  Autares 
r  10'  S. 

Sept.  6tli. — 104  miles  to  dry  hod  of  Mavuji  river.  12^  miles  to  dry 
bed  of  Msinji  river.  A  total  of  17  miles  from  Mainokwe.  ^Vater  got 
by  digging  in  tlie  bed  of  the  river.  The  dung  and  footmarks  of  elephant, 
rhinoceros  and  buffalo,  besides  of  many  binds  of  antelopes,  to  be  seen. 
Lions  were  heard  whining  during  the  night.  Lat,  mer  alt.  Vega, 
0^  19'  S.  (450  feet). 

Sijil.  nil. — About  a  mile  and  a  half  from  tho  camp,  a  email  hill, 
Mtumwa  (750  feet).  On  it  are  three  peaks  formed  of  solid  maseeB  of 
motamorphic  rook.  Strata  dip  40"  towards  the  sea,  and  strike  north 
and  south  from  its  top. 

ZingaPJn  round  hill        35  to  JO  ..  323    5 

Cunp IJ  ..  813  50 

Woody  knoU       11  S13  3S 

Hill»  (B).  highest     ..     ..     ..     ..  17  to  21  ..  260  30 

„       lowert       ..  ..  261  30 

Knoll 13  to  15  251  10 

Higherhills        30  to  3S  ..  242  10 

Hill  A  (Blight  discrepancy)      ..      ..  25  to  20  ..  231  30 

Hill       35  to  40  ..  181     0 

HiUa     ..  PerbBpiMC?)  ..  178  15 

Estimated  by  my  guide : — 

Miiiuokwe 47  30 

Kilwa G3  30 

KiBwere        113    0 

Lindi ]«  30 

The  neighbourhood  is  a  rolling  country,  with  frequent  outcrops  of 
metamorphio  rock,  striking  generally  between  north-west  and  north  by 
cast.  There  is  no  jungle  except  in  the  watercoureos,  and  the  trees, 
mostly  leguminous,  are  at  this  time  grey,  Bcrubby,  and  generally 
leafless. 

Sept.dth.- — ft  4  miles  to  Manjawila;  no  water.  lOJ  miles,  bivouacked  ; 
no  water.     From  Manjawila  is  a  cross  path  to  Lindi. 

Sept.  9(A. — 20J  miles  from  Meinji  river  to  dry  bed  of  Mabweho  river. 
234  miles  to  dry  bed  of  Maawa  river,  26  miles  to  Nakiu  river  (750  feet). 
AU  tiiesc  Btreama  are  small  even  when  flowing.    At  the  latter,  water 


EXPLORATIONS  IN  ZANZIBAR  DOMINIONS.  Ill 

WM  found  in  a  pool,  good,  but  rather  slimj.  Fandanos  begins  to  be 
common.  Some  isolated  Borassus  palms.  At  Nakiu  we  found  five 
people,  men  and  women,  who  had  built  booths  in  the  watercourse. 
They  were  bringing  bhang  from  the  Wagwangwara  country.  Lat.  mer. 
alt  Aohemar,  9''  35'  S. 

Sept.  10th. — Ascended  the  hill  marked  A,  beanng  71^  from  the  camp, 
and  distant  about  scTcn  miles.  The  way  to  it  is  over  undulating 
ooontry  with  leafless  trees.  The  hill  is  about  1700  feet  high,  of  meta- 
moiphic  rock,  and  one  of  a  small  range  running  north-west  and  south- 
east.   Strata  dip  south-west  38^ 

No  water  was  to  be  found,  but  a  species  of  cissus  is  common,  in  the 
renels  of  whose  stem  is  stored  a  quantity  of  water  which  runs  out  when 
the  stem  is  cut  in  lengths.  The  fluid  seemed  slightly  mucilaginous, 
bat  it  is  almost  tasteless,  and  satisfies  thirst  capitally. 

From  the  summit : — 

o        / 

High  l&nd  from  S.E.  by  E.  to  S.  by  E. 

A  distant  treble  peak 105  to  106    0 

Hill,  14  miles     90    0 

Hill  connected  with  preceding,  16  miles        75    0 

Double  peak  of  Nandango       239    0 

Mtoo 246  20 

Distant  hiU 270  20 

Knoll  just  visible       835    0 

Distant  biU  (Q  ?)       200  50 

, 202  30 

In  the  evening,  S^  miles  from  Nakiu  to  Baleez  (93°),  short  supply  of 
water  in  a  hole  in  a  dry  watercourse.  Lat.  mer.  alt.  a  FaT.  and  a 
Cyg.,  9**  39'  18"  S. 

8^t.  11th. — Before  leaving  Baleez  I  shot  an  "mjusi,"  something  be- 
tween a  cat  and  a  leopard.  8j^  miles  to  Nanyiza,  estimated  bearing  of 
Baleez  75^     Water  in  pits,  small  in  quantity,  questionable  in  quality. 

Sept.  12th. — ^Dried  up  country,  as  before  described.  8^  miles ;  our 
course  is  235"^  30'.  9|  miles ;  hillock  of  quartz.  17  miles ;  a  cross  path 
roxming  &om  Lindi  to  Jegei  in  Mahenge.  19  miles;  Likarawe  river; 
water  in  wells  in  river  bed.  On  the  way  we  smoked  a  civet  cat  out  of 
a  hollow  tree.  The  sport  was  exciting,  as  we  expected  to  find  a  leopard. 
Ijat  mer.  alt.  a  Cyg.  and  a  Pav.  9°  60'.  The  latter  was  possibly  a  trifle 
past  the  meridian. 

Sept.  ISth. — 1  mile,  strata  of  metamorphic  rock  cropping  up,  striking 
N.N.E.  2i  miles,  Eiperele  river;  a  little  water  in  muddy  pools.  Some 
fine  forest  trees  with  undergrowth,  both  of  which  have  been  hitherto 
lacking,  are  now  to  be  seen.     16}  miles  to  Eiangara  (920  feet). 

Sept.  14tih. — ^Through  high  grass  and  thick  bamboo  clumps  to  Matoo, 
a  very  steep  hill,  7  miles,  bearing  17^  It  is  a  triple  peak  (1800  feet), 
chiefly  composed  of  quartz,  which  sometimes  verges  on  crystal.  Strata 
strike  E.NJB.,  and  dip  45**  to  50°  S.S.E.    From  it  a  wide  view  over  a 


112 


EXPLORATIONS  IN  ZANZIBAR  D0J1IK10NS. 


hot,  baking,  waterleHs  plain,  with  leafloBs  grey  trees.  Tho  absence  of  &1T 
habitation  was  very  depressing. 

On  the  Bunimit  my  compass  had  to  be  taken  to  piecea.  It  may  not 
be  out  of  place  to  remark  on  the  little  rough  iiHago  that  a  vulcanite 
prismatic  compass  can  stand. 

From  the  summit ; — 


IM 

tolTO     0 

131 

' 

Not  veiT  Jtfineil  penk  about  ;iO 
Pcaka  cotinectcd  with  Matoo,  d 

tniloB— pechoia  C. 
sUtitlJmilea     . 

70  B 

9.1  3D 
.1  255    0 

Lat.  oanip  at  Eiangara.  by  mer.  alt.  a  Pav.,  9°  57'  S. 

Sept.  Uth.— To  river  Lihurau  (1000  feet),  five  miles.  In  its  bed  ii 
few  pools  of  water,  as  evil  looking  as  an  English  duck-pond.  15  miles 
to  Nahilala  river,  water  in  wella  in  river-bed.  Lat.  iner.  alt«,  a  Pav.  and 
a  Cyg.,  10"  6'  S. 

Sept.  ISth. — Four  miles  to  Xaaoro.  Here  tho  roads  to  the  Rovuma 
and  to  the  Wagwangwara  country,  which  is  now  distant  only  a  few 
days'  march,  divide.  Following  that  to  the  southward  ;  one  mile  from 
the  turning,  Marekanoni ;  water  in  a  swampy  depression.  II  miles 
from  turning  to  Umbe  Kuru  river. 

The  Umbe  Euni,  whoso  sandy  bod  is  200  foot  across,  is  shmok 
to  about  four  feet  across,  and  a  few  inches  in  depth.  Near  it  are  the 
marks  of  many  animals,  esjieoially  of  elephant  and  buffalo. 

In  the  round  valleys  without  watercourses,  over  which  we  passed 
to-day,  I  should  expect  to  find  good  soil.  They  are  said  to  be  flooded 
during  rain.  The  troes  are  gathered  on  the  sides  of  tho  rising  ground, 
the  basins  being  bare  of  them  ;  but  where  there  are  none,  is  often  good 
pasture.     Lat.  a  Cyg.,  10='  18'  S. 

Sept.  nth. — Road  very  bad,  much  overgrown,  apparently  little 
used,  cif  miles  to  a  well ;  country  paik-likc  ;  marks  of  elephants.  11^ 
miles;  Hill  Eitanda,  distant  20  miles,  bore  214°  30'.  12^  miles  to  a 
well.     Lat.  a  Cyg.,  10°  24'  S.  (1200  feet), 

Sept.  ISrt.— W.S.W.  3  miles,  S.W.  3  miles;  then  to  Kitanda 
:!  miles,  a  total  of  14  miles.  Camped  by  the  side  of  a  large  )kx)1 
covering  possibly  half-a-ilo^en  acres,  with  the  summit  of  Kitanda  bearing 
east  by  north  about  2  miles.  The  pool  was  overgrown  with  water- 
plants  and  reeds,  and  evidently  covers  a  much  larger  space  in  wet 
weather.     In  the  neighbourhood  were  plenty  of  wildebeest,  liartebeest, 


A 


EXPLORATIONS  IN  ZANZIBAR  DOMINIONS.  113 

and  on  the  rookg  guinea-fowl,  and  orange-ooloared  antelopes,  with  horns 
recurved,  like  those  of  the  chamois. 

Kitanda,  whose  height  is  about  2800  feet,  one  of  a  S3rstem  of  hills 

oorering  a  large  expanse,  seems  to  have  as  a  framework  a  succession  of 

parallel  ridges  of  metamorphic  rock  with  precipitous  sides  and  hemi ' 

cylindrical  tops  running  north  and  south,  steep  towards  the  north,  and 

often  precipitous  towards  the  south.    The  space  between  these  ridges  is 

partly  filled  with  the  soil  that  has  been  eroded  from  the  rock,  and  through 

the  soil  are  worn  steep  and  deep  watercourses.    The  upper  parts  of  the 

ridgee  are  bare  of  soil  and  show  the  rook.    There  are  enormous  boulders 

weighing  60  or  80  tons,  which  have  been  split  in  two  by  the  growth  of 

tree  roots  in  the  little  crevices.     Although  Kitanda  is  no  giant,  the 

»»nery  is  very  fine ;  crags  of  a  similar  character,  of  the  most  quaint 

and  curious  shapes,  cropping  up  everywhere  in  the  neighbourhood. 

Except  for  these  outbreaks  of  rock,  the  surrounding  country  is  very 

leyel,  with  only  slight  rolling  inequalities. 

From  summit : — 

o 

Luknmbi 34C 

NdAngo      185 

Distant  hill       234 

BaDge  of  small  hills,  15  inilea      24G 

Malulu(?) 105 

Left  of  a  range  of  distant  hills,  said  to  be  Majeja    ..      ..  149 

Ourroad 230 

To  the  northward  of  Kitanda  are  apparently  only  small  crags.  Lat. 
of  the  camp  by  mer.  alt.  a  Pav.  10^  84'  S.  (1300  feet). 

8epL  20ih. — 7^  miles ;  Kitanda  bore  67^.  11^  miles ;  river  Lumesule, 
a  stream  running  about  east  by  south.  15^  miles ;  a  large  open  valley 
east  Boiling  country  with  metamorphic  rock  cropping  up  in  long 
bold  reefs  striking  north  and  south.  17 J  miles;  high  peak,  257°. 
18^  miles ;  camped  by  a  pool  in  a  dry  watercourse. 

Sepi.  21«<. — Road  running  in  a  more  southerly  direction  than  yester- 
day. 2^  miles;  high  hill  181^  Watercourse  with  pools.  18j^  miles 
to  Mhoessi,  a  fine  river  with  a  bed  115  yards  across.  It  is  now 
running  in  three  or  four  small  brooks  that  find  their  way  along  the 
sand.  In  time  of  rain  caravans  are  often  kept  for  a  month  on  one  sido 
or  the  other.    Lat.  mer.  alts,  a  Pav.  and  a  Oyg.  11^  2'  S. 

S^.  22nd, — Country  generally  level,  watercourses  stony.  2  miles ; 
Ligoma  river,  a  small  stream,  but  with  plenty  of  water.  5  miles ;  D,  a 
round  hill,  whose  summit  is  of  bare  rock,  about  11^  mile  west  of  the 
path.  6^  miles ;  crags  each  side  of  the  road.  From  the  summit  of  the 
easternmost, — 

O  t 

Distant  peak       71  30 

Ndango        117    0 

Oar  road      243    0 

VOL.  II.  I 


114  EXPLORATIONS  IN  ZANZIBAR  DOMINIONS. 

9^  miles ;  a  mass  of  granite  to  the  east  of  the  path,  striking  jast  and 
west.  10  miles ;  open  valley,  with  a  swamp  in  which  water  was  to  be 
f  onnd.  Camped  a  little  off  the  road.  Some  hartebeest  and  a  rhinoceros 
were  seen ;  the  latter  was  not  killed.  Lat.  mer.  alt.  a  Fay.  and  a  Cyg. 
IV  10'  12"  S.  (1100  feet). 

Sept.  23rd. — 7  miles ;  small  river ;  standing  pools.  9  miles ;  Msenjere 
river  (1100  feet),  a  small  stream,  about  12  to  15  feet  across,  but  with 
plenty  of  water,  and  rushing  over  stones  and  under  shady  trees  in  the 
pleasantest  manner.  The  surrounding  country  looks  as  though  it  were 
made  for  game,  yet  there  is  hardly  anything  to  be  seen. 

S^t.  2ith. — Bearing  of  D,  21°  20'.  4  miles,  outcrop  of  metamorphic 
rock  with  quartz,  strike  125%  forming  a  triple  peak  about  100  to 
150  feet  above  the  plain.     From  the  summit : — 

O  f 

Kitanda       37    0 

E 50    0 

D 26    0 

Rock  by  which  we  slept  on  22nd 38  20 

H 82  30 

Ndango       78    0 

In  far  distance  a  peak      8G  30 

Our  path     177  30 

12  miles  to  a  dry  river ;  water  obtained  by  digging.  Boad  gradually 
inclining  to  the  left.  19  miles ;  camped  by  pool.  Lat.  mer.  alt.  a  Pav. 
and  a  Cygni,  IV  32'  13"  8.  (1150  feet). 

Sept  2bth. — As  we  approach  the  Kovuma  the  country  gets  more  cut 
up  with  watercourses.  After  4  miles,  the  first  cultivation  we  have  seen 
for  250  miles  begins ;  a  very  good  red  soil.  The  houses,  however,  are 
deserted  for  the  other  side  of  the  Bovuma.  After  5j^  miles,  the  bank  of 
the  Bovuma.  We  crossed  to  the  village  of  a  Yao  named  Kungwanga ; 
it  is  built  on  one  of  the  islands  which  here  constantly  divide  and 
subdivide  the  stream. 

Food  is  easily  obtained,  there  having  been  no  drought,  but  it  is  as 
dear  as  at  Eilwa,  probably  because  of  the  large  number  of  caravans  that 
pass  through.  Much  labour  seems  spent  on  the  cultivation  of  the 
islands,  which  yield  a  good  return  in  millet,  Indian  corn,  rice,  and 
tobacco. 

The  houses  are  round,  built  of  wattle-and-daub,  the  roof  a  frame- 
work of  bamboo  thatched  with  grass. 

Small  canoes  are  used  with  expertness  by  both  sexes  and  all  ages, 
but  not  for  long  journeys. 

Lat.  of  Kungwanga's  by  mer.  alts,  a  Pav,  and  a  Cyg.,  11*^  37'  S. 

O  I  It 

(  37  31  30  E. 
Longitndes  by  sun  lunars,  act  of  three    ..   <  37  36  30  „ 

I  37  27  30  ," 
Mean  result 37  31  50  „ 


V. 


EXPLORATIONS  IN  ZANZIBAR  DOMINIONS.  115 

The  B^Yiima  stream  is  here  about  1070  feet  above  sea-level. 
Sept.  2^ — Grossed  the  Bovuma  to  the  southward,  passing  over  a 
ridge  of  rock  which,  with  the  water  low,  forms  a  good  crossing,  but  in 
fall  flood  jprobably  makes  an  awkward  rapid.  Well  cultivated  country, 
with  scattered  houses.  1  mile  to  Eanyunda's.  At  Eanyunda's,  the 
grave  of  a  chief,  sheltered  by  a  small  shed,  inside  of  which  were  oflfer- 
ings  of  food  and  tobacco,  charms,  cloth  streamers,  &o.  6  miles  to  east- 
ward ;  camped  at  Kanyunda's  sister's.  Lat.  mer.  alt.  a  Pav.  and  a  Cyg., 
11^  36'  30"  S. 

Sepi.  27ih. — ^Boad  running  E.N.E.  7  miles;  distant  round  bill, 
66^  20'.  10  miles ;  camped  by  river  side  at  Eurora's.  The  river  is  full 
of  eyots  and  sandbanks,  which  make  it  exceedingly  pretty  in  spite  of  tho 
fad  that  they  spoil  it  for  navigation.  A  number  of  my  party  troubled 
with  colic,  probably  due  to  drinking  Bovuma  water.  Lat.  a  Pav.  and 
a  Cyg.,  11'^  32'  44'  S. 

I  took  a  set  of  sun  lunars,  which  turned  out  very  worthless.  They 
came  to  38°  15'  K,  38°  3'  E.,  and  87°  38'  E. ;  mean  37°  59'  E. 

Sept.  29(h. — E.N.E.  1^  miles ;  made  our  camp  in  the  plot  of  a  man 
named  Mnindi,  an  Mgwangwara,  who  had  left  his  tribe  and  settled  here. 
He  grew  cassava,  millet,  maize,  and  tobacco,  for  the  latter  of  which  tho 
antelopes  have  a  great  liking.  Little  game  to  be  seen,  but  quantities  of 
guinea-fowl.    H  or  Malonge  group,  43°  30'. 

Sept,  30th. — 6  miles;  watercourse  from  south-east,  dry,  about 
100  yards  across.  6^  miles ;  Naiwonga,  73°  30'.  8  miles ;  struck  the 
river,  which  had  bent  away  from  us.  It  is  now  200  yards  across  and 
veiy  shallow.  High  round  hill  (one  of  the  Malonge  group),  6  miles,  42°. 
10^  miles;  Naiwonga,  100°.     llf  miles;  Ndango,  13^  miles. 

A  large  rocky  island  (Mpingawandu  ?)  here  divides  the  Bovuma  in 
two  parts;  that  passing  the  south-east  side  goes  over  a  succession  of 
rapids.  The  path  now  leads  through  a  gorge  with  strata  of  meta- 
morphic  rock  cropping  out  of  the  hill-sides,  with  lava  or  basalt  (?)  inter- 
posed. Then  over  a  plain,  out  of  which  swell  masses  of  rock,  each  90 
or  100  feet  high  and  500  yards  thick,  running  for  two  or  throe  miles 
without  a  break. 

12  J  miles ;  round  hill  (perhaps  D),  25  to  30  miles,  327°  30'.    14  miles 
a  stream  bed,  with  water  in  wells.     Through  a  valley,  with  large  round 
boulder-shaped  crags  800  to  900  feet  high  on  the  left ;   on  the  right 
smaller  masses.      These  are  named  Malonge,  I  believe.      18^  miles; 
camped  by  the  bed  of  a  stream ;  water  found  in  a  well. 

Oct.  Ist. — A  very  variable  course.  After  5|  miles ;  Majeja  (?)  78'^. 
7  miles ;  passed  the  junction  of  the  Mhoessi  river.  Crags  in  all  direc- 
tions. They  seem  simply  to  be  the  highest  points  of  ridges  of  pro- 
truding strata. 

Crossed  the  Bovuma,  whose  bed  is  now  half  a  mile  wide,  with  the 
water  running  in  a  few  shallow  channels. 

I  2 


116 


EXPLOKATIOSS  IX  ZANZIUAR  POMISIOSS. 


Lttt. 


Pav.    and 


Cyg., 


Malonge  Hilb,    10  milos,   268^ 
jri5'42"S. 

Oct.  2nd. — A  plain  with  sanily  soil,  low  Btunted  trees,  and  thomj 
shrubs,  with  little  tindergrowth.  4^  miles;  crags  the  other  side  of  the 
Rovuma,  apparently  strikiDg  oorth-eaet  and  suuth-wcst,  about  2^  miles 
in  length.     7  miles ;  Majeja,  25""  20'. 

Crossed  the  Lumesule,  whose  water  has  disappeared  before  reaching 
its  confluence  with  the  Rovuma,  Water  was,  however,  obtainable  in 
hole*  in  the  sand. 

From  the  bed  of  this  livor:— H,  a  round  hill,  18  mQes.  3361".  The 
Luuiosule  flows  to  the  westward  of  it. 

The  path  now  divides,  the  ono  fork  running  along  the  Rovuma  to 
Newala,  and  then  going  to  Lindi.  The  other  goes  to  Lindi  by  way  of 
Masast,  sending  off  a  branch  to  Kilwa  after  passing  Majega.  On  this 
road  to  Kilwa  waler  is  a  difGuiilty. 

10  miles;  camp  in  a  small  village  (Kitanda's?).  We  had  passed  one 
or  two  small  villages  which  had  been  abandoned  in  favour  of  the  oppo- 
site bank  of  the  liovuma.    Lat.  oOygni,  11"  13'S.    Malonge  111116,281". 

Oct.  3rd. — Country  broken  by  watercourses,  but  better  soil  and  more 
cultivated  than  yesterday.  Outcrops  of  metaraorphic  rock  striking  north 
and  south.  12  miles  to  river  Lukwika,  whose  dry  bed  is  100  yards 
wide.  It  is  said  to  rise  in  Majcja.  Very  level  country,  with  grass  and 
finer  trees,  undergrowth  chiefly  of  Pandanus,  but  not  at  all  close,  I 
know  no  country  more  monotonous  than  this,  where  the  foliage  does  not 
come  close  to  the  ground ;  the  traveller  seeuis  to  be  always  at  the  centre 
of  a  circle,  his  range  of  vision  is  about  half  a  mile,  and  his  horizon  moves 
with  him. 

By  the  Lukwika  is  a  village,  Mgono.  A  road  to  Masasi  branches 
off  from  here;  it  is  often  impassable  on  account  of  want  of  water. 
i;t  miles,  camped  by  river  side  (550  feet).     Lat.  a  Pav.  and  a  Cy^-, 

Oct.  ith. — Four  miles,  village  Mbarapi,  at  the  junction  of  the  Lnjenda 
and  Rovuma.  A  cut  across  a  bond  in  the  Rovuma  takes  us  over  rather 
stony  country  much  cut  up  by  watercourses.  12^  miles;  camped  about 
600  yards  from  the  Rovuma,  which  is  here  about  SOO  yards  across, 
very  shallow  and  full  of  shoals,  A  considerable  number  of  water-buck 
and  small  antelopes.     Guinea-fowl  in  great  numbers.     Camp  ;  lat,  i 


alts,  a  Cyg.  and  a.  Pav.,  11°  21'  45"  S. 
Longitudes  by  lunar ;— 


EXPLOBATIONS  IN  ZANZIBAR  DOMINIONS.  117 

The  mean  of  the  two  that  I  marked  at  the  time  as  heing  the  hest  in 
SS"  20'.  The  mean  of  all  is  38''  40',  but  the  lesults  di£fer  too  much 
amongst  themselves  to  be  of  value. 

Oct,  6th. — ^Following  the  course  of  the  river.  After  3J^  miles  on  the 
opposite  side  of  the  river  a  range  of  low  hills  named  Malumba(?) 
They  seem  to  follow  its  bank  for  some  distance.  Eight  miles  north-east ; 
5  -  5  miles  east  to  south-east ;  two  miles  north-east — total  15*5  miles.  A 
tolerably  uniform  plain  with  belts  of  jungle  and  with  occasional  water- 
courses, which  are  generally  thickly  overgrown. 

Camped  by  the  side  of  the  river  bed ;  this  is  a  sandy  plain  half-a- 
mile  wide,  in  which  the  stream  is  almost  lost.  Lat.  a  Cyg.,  11°  15'  S. 
(400  feet). 

Oct  7(/i. — Level  open  country.  Characteristic  foliage  of  the  baobabs, 
now  in  flower,  and  pandanus.  Buffalo  tracks  in  numbers.  Seven  miles 
E.N.E.  crossed  the  dry  bed  of  the  Mpangawara,  said  to  rise  near  llulu, 
and  to  pass  to  the  west  of  Masasi.  We  rested  under  some  large  trees, 
which  look  like  casuarina.  They  are  called  Mtumba,  and  have  the 
pleasing  habit  of  suddenly,  with  no  warning,  shedding  large  boughs.  It 
is  necessary  to  stand  from  under  with  great  rapidity. 

Country  more  undulating ;  outcrops  of  granite  and  quartz  but  with- 
out great  r^ularity.  16]^  miles;  camped  by  the  river,  about  15  feet 
above  the  level  of  the  water. 

The  river  in  taking  a  sharp  curve,  makes  a  section  of  its  bank  on 
this,  the  concave  hide,  showing  about  five  feet  of  red  earth  above  loose 
sand.  If  this  arrangement  is  invariable  in  the  neighbourhood,  the 
alternation  of  sand  and  soil  is  easily  explained,  that  is  to  say,  by  the 
thinness,  thickness,  or  absence  of  the  latter.  Lat.  a  Cyg.,  11°  10'  S. 
(350  feet). 

Oct.  Sth. — Eight  miles  to  Marekano.  Here  the  road  begins  to 
ascend,  aod  leaving  the  Bovuma,  takes  a  north-east  course.  Marekano 
is  shown  by  its  many  sleeping-inclosures  to  be  a  favourite  camping- 
place. 

To  the  south  and  east  the  Mavia  hills,  about  25  miles  distant. 

In  the  afternoon,  10}  miles  N.E.  to  E.N.E.,  over  undulating  country, 
with  watercourses.  But  little  game  visible.  Camped  by  a  watercourse 
near  a  village  in  the  Newala  district.  The  last  four  miles  are  cultivated 
or  being  cleared,  and  there  are  villages. 

The  people  say  that  a  great  number  of  caravans  with  slaves  passed 
very  recently. 

Oct.  9th. — 7^  miles,  through  villages  with  cleared  and  cultivated 
land  to  Mtola's.  The  Universities'  Mission  have  built  their  houses  on  a 
spur  running  out  from  the  higher  hills  lying  to  the  northward;  on 
each  side  of  this  spur  there  is  a  stream  where  water  is  always  to  be  got. 
The  settlement  has  some  fifty  houses  occupied  by  the  colony  of  freed 
slaves,  also  a  church  and  school.    The  mission  house  is,  I  think,   in 


118  F^XPLORATIOXS  IN  ZA^IZIBAR  DOMINION'S,  ^H 

lat.  10°  56'  S.,  but  I  -wm  not  well  and   tlie  eights  were  not  very 
satis&ctory. 

OctlSth, — From  the  miasion :  Distant  Hill  25  miles,  10o°;  Maretano 
(eastward)  219°.  6^  miles  in  a.  northerly  direction,  at  first  ascending, 
then  on  a  plateau.  Camped  at  Kaliogo's.  I  was  given  the  bearing  of 
Newala  as  8.S.E.  (compass). 

Ocl.  mh — Level  conntiy,  good  soil  with  red  earth,  partly  covered 
with  forest,  the  rest  being  cleared  or  already  under  cultivation,  hut  there 
is  no  water.  All  that  is  consumed  hy  the  few  inhabitants  has  to  be 
carried,  sometimes  as  much  as  a  three  or  four  hours'  march.  Twelve 
miles  northerly  to  the  Kitangara  river,  which  is  now  a  succession  of 
pools  in  a  long  valley ;  in  the  rainy  season  the  stream  begins  to  nm  and 
enters  the  sea  at  Sudi  in  Mgao,  Then  four  miles  east  and  one  mile 
north  to  the  banks  of  the  river  further  on. 

Camped  by  the  river  side,  perhaps  25  feet  above  the  level  of  the 
water.     Height  of  camp  1100  feet. 

The  sides  of  the  valley  of  the  river  and  those  of  its  feedera  are 
gradual  in  ascent  and  rounded,  thus  giving  the  idea  that  it  ia  not  a 
swift  stream. 

Oct.  liilh. — East  five  miles  to  Simba's,  a  small  village.  The  path  now 
skirte  with  many  windings  the  south  side  of  a  plateau,  or  of  some  hills, 
and  pretty  glimpses  of  the  lower  country  and  of  the  Bovuma  are 
occasionally  gained. 

After  four  miles  the  path  becomes  level  and  straighter.  Nine  miles 
north-easterly  from  Simba's;  camped.  Iiat.  mer.alts.  a  Cyg.  and  a  Fav., 
10°32'S.  (1800)  feet. 

Ocl.  16th. — The  path  over  the  plateau  is  level,  but  bends  very 
much.  The  soil  is  sandy ;  it  is  covered  with  patches  of  thicket,  and 
with  fine  forest  trees  with  glades  of  fresh  green  grass  between.  To-day 
and  yesterday  wo  saw  the  indiarubbor  creeper,  though  not  frequently. 
13  miles  north-easterly;  some  hills  near  Lindi  bore  CO''.  Then  an 
abrupt  and  very  steep  descent  of  about  300  foet  leading  to  n  gradual  and 
well  cultivated  slope  of  red  oarth,  four  miles  of  which  brings  us  to 
Liwelewele  village  (700  feet)  on  tlie  Mputo,  a  small  bubbling  stream 
with  clear  water,  rising  near  Masasi.  Then  half  a  mile  to  north-east ; 
crossed  the  Ukeredi,  which,  by  making  a  sharp  1>end,  meets  the  path 
again  IJ  miles  further  on,  where  we  camped.  Lat.  mer.  alt.  a  Cyg., 
10"  18'  S.  (700  feet).  From  Simba's  to  the  Mputo  is  a  distance  of 
26  miles,  mostly  over  a  plateau  with  neither  water  nor  game.  There  is 
another  road,  on  which  water  is  easily  obtained,  from  Newala  to  Lindi 
to  the  southward,  passing  by  way  of  Machamba's. 

Ocl.  nth, — Hilly,  with  a  few  streams,  but  generally  dried  up ;  soil 
sandy.  15|  miles  to  Ahdollah  Pesa'a  in  the  Htua  dietriot,  where  ia  a 
itmall  branch  station  of  the  Universities'  Mission.  Lat.  mer.  alt.  a  Cyg., 
10'  13'  S. 


EXPLORATIONS  IN  ZANZIBAR  DOMINIONS.'  119 

OcL  IfUh, — ^Afl  yeeterday.  Six  miles  E.N.E.  Four  miles  north  to 
Eolangi,  the  village  of  Amri  bin  Abdallah«  Two  miles  E.N.E.  to  the 
head  of  Lindi  creek,  where  we  took  boat  and  dropped  about  five  miles 
down  the  river  to  the  establishment  of  an  Arab  named  Salim,  whose 
boiofle  is  built  on  a  small  eminence  rising  from  among  the  mangrove 


Ocf.  19ih. — By  river  seven  miles  to  Lindi. 

Od.  20iL — I  shipped  my  party  in  a  dhow  and  forwarded  them  to 
Kilwa,  where  they  arrived  the  next  evening. 

2.   EXPLOBATION  IN  THE  ShIHBA  CoUNTBT. 

Kap,  p.  126. 

• 

In  the  beginning  of  the  year  1885  I  was  moved  by  Sir  John  Kirk  to 
Mombasa.  Though  unable,  for  many  reasons,  to  go  far  from  that  town, 
I  yet  examined  thoroughly  the  part  of  the  Shimba  country  which  I 
have  roughly  contoured;  the  materials  for  mapping  the  district  fur- 
ther south  are  from  a  single  journey  to  Magila,  which  I  took  in  October 
1885.  The  coast  line  is  from  the  Admiralty  Chart.  The  journey  was 
made  in  very  rainy  weather,  so  that  I  was  unable  to  lay  down  the 
Usambara  hills,  as  1  wished ;  astronomical  observations  were  often  pre- 
sented ;  rivers  were  difficult  to  pass ;  and  lastly,  the  work  was  hindered 
by  my  own  fever  and  rheumatism. 

When  engaging  my  men  I  found  labour  cheaper  than  at  Eilwa.  At 
Mombasa  I  was  able  to  engage  men  at  a  daily  wage  of  fifteen  pice,  with 
an  allowance  for  food  of  eight  pice,  giving  a  total  of  something  over  £^5 
for  the  month  of  30  days. 

The  Shimba  district,  lying  about  12  miles  to  the  southward  of 
Mombasa,  is  approached  through  low  undulating  country,  consisting  of 
uncultivated  land  or  of  coco-nut  plantations,  either  already  deserted  or 
gradually  relapsing  into  jungle. 

In  the  only  important  village  between  Shimba  and  Mombasa  a 
market  is  held  every  fourth  (fifth  ?)  day,  when  the  people  living  in  the 
neighbourhood  bring  their  wares  to  barter  with  the  people  of  the  town. 
That  the  market  should  be  held  at  such  an  interval  shows  a  curious 
independence  of  the  week  as  a  division  of  time. 

The  Shimba  country  is  the  district  reaching  from  Mtai  and  Bomba 
on  the  north  to  Mwele  and  the  Biver  Mkurumzi  on  the  south.  The 
hills  of  which  it  mostly  consists  are  of  metamorphic  rock,  running 
N.N.W.,  some  of  the  ridges  being  as  much  as  1200  feet  above  the  sea- 
level.  The  air  on  them  is  delicious,  and  the  nights  are  quite  cool  and 
pleasant. 

Shimba  is  inhabited  by  Wadigo,  and  by  a  few  Wakamba  who 
migrated  from  their  own  country  in  1884  in  order  to  avoid  a  famine, 
which,  though  scarcely  felt  at  the  time  by  the  Wadigo,  has  not  failed 


120  UiPLOlUTiOXS  IS  ZANZIBAR  DOMINIONS. 

to  bring  in  its  train  tad  small-pox,  and  to  cauBO  heavy  mortality.  Ot 
the  100  inhabitants  of  Magojoni  eight  people  died  in  six  weeks,  for  no 
Itetter  treatment  aw  aits  tbe  aick  than  to  bo  driven  out  of  the  village  into 
the  woods,  where,  living  upon  an  allowance  of  gruel,  they  must  remain 
until  cured.  Tbe  native  doctors  endeavour  to  defend  villages  from  the 
small-pos  by  hanging  charms  made  of  wiuga  of  birda,  bones,  wispa  of 
grass,  to  fitioks  stuck  in  the  ground  at  cross-ways,  wbilst  a  selection  of 
herbs  suspended  over  the  door  of  a  hut  is  supposed  to  guarantee  the  health 
of  the  household.  The  latter  plan  is  just  now  in  diBreputt,  for  a  certain 
doctor,  after  securing  the  bouse  of  a  widow  from  misfortune,  fell 
ill  himself.  The  people  of  Shim ba,  though  near  to  Mombasa,  are  so  unso- 
phisticated, that  sugar,  mirrors,  and  matches  move  their  wonder- — the 
very  fowls  refuse  bread-crumbs — and  they  do  not  seem  prejudiced  in 
favour  of  MahommcdaiEtsm.  Savages  are  always  loth  to  Bpeak  of  their 
belief,  and  all  that  I  could  discover  of  tbeir  religion  is  that  the  meo 
retire  at  intervals  into  the  forest  to  drink  palm  spirit,  and  perhaps  to 
practice  some  form  of  devil-worship.  As  in  godliness,  so  also  do  they 
fail  in  personal  cleanliness,  clothes  are  waehed  rarely,  the  body  never ; 
and,  since  they  have  no  ideas  of  bnsinots,  asking  often  exorbitant  prices 
for  their  own  wares,  whilst  they  want  euast  goods  at  below  tho  cost 
price,  they  are  not  always  easy  to  deal  with.  Tbey  are,  further,  very 
lazy,  but  they  neither  quarrel  nor  pilfer,  and  there  are  hardly  any  slaves 
amongst  them,  slave  kidnapping  being  almost  unknown.  They  are 
no  cowardf,  and  with  their  neatly  constructed  bows  and  poisoned  arrows 
are  equal  to  most  of  their  foes. 

Tobacco  is  used  as  snnlf,  for  smoking,  and  for  chewing  by  both  sexes 
and  all  ages. 

Some  of  the  women  show  considerable  skill  in  making,  without  the 
aid  of  any  wheel,  rongh  nnglazed  pottery,  symmetry  being  gained  by 
the  eye  alone.  A  pot  ih  made  from  a  conical  piece  of  clay  ;  whilst  tbe 
thin  end  becomes  the  base,  the  thick  end  is  ]>ulled  and  manipulated  till 
the  required  shape  is  gained.    They  do  not  understand  the  use  of  a 

Both  sexes  wear  brass  and  iron  bangles  on  arms  and  ankles,  and 
round  the  neck  great  lengths  of  very  finely  worked  iron  chain ;  also 
large  distenders  as  omamonta  in  the  lobes  of  their  ears,  but  neither 
rings  nor  stnds  for  nose  or  lip  are  faahionable.  It  is  customary  to  pull  out 
both  eyelashes  and  eyebrows,  and  boys  are  circumcised  at  a  very  early 
age.  The  women  wear  bands  of  cloth  stitcbed  with  beads  round  each  leg 
just  below  tho  knees,  and  are  said  to  have  round  the  loins  the  universal 
string  of  white  beads.  I'heir  dress  is  formed  by  longitudinally  folding 
a  long  piece  of  cloth  over  a  string,  which  is  then  tied  round  tho  waist. 
'I'be  piece,  being  long,  forms  puckers  and  folds,  and  by  making  the  inner 
deeper  than  the  outer,  there  appears  a  very  sufficient  garment  not 
I  a  kilt.    Although  the  people  are  personally  v&ry  dirty,  their 


EXPLORATIONS  IN  ZANZIBAR  DOMINIONS.  121 

TiDages  are  kept  exceedingly  clean ;  all  dirt  is  carried  outside  except 
that  from  the  cattle,  which,  driven  in  every  evening,  are  not  allowed 
to  go  out  till  the  sun  is  well  np,  lest  they  should  be  seized  by  wandering 
Miasai.  The  huts  are  rectangular  in  plan,  low,  and  are  built  of  stakes, 
which  support  a  framework  for  a  roof  consisting  of  grass  used  as  thatch. 
The  eaves  reach  on  each  side  to  the  ground,  and  there  are  no  walls  ex- 
cept at  the  ends  of  the  hut.  The  maize  is  stored  in  trees  within  the 
indosure,  each  corn-cob  being  tied  separately  to  a  string  and  left 
hanging  till  wanted. 

The  Shimba  country  easily  grows  all  the  usual  products,  that  is  to 
say,  tobacco,  maize,  millet,  rice,  castor-oil  plant,  coco-nuts,  bananas, 
jnangoes,  cassava,  and  ground  nuts;  and  excellent  indiarubber 
may  be  obtained  from  the  Landolphia  Kirkii  and  Landolphia  Peier^ 
manOj  both  of  which  are  common,  but  even  in  time  of  famine  little  is 
collected. 

Prom  a  certain  common  aloe  may  be  obtained  fibre,  which  would 
command  a  good  price,  especially  if  more  carefully  extracted  than  by 
the  native  method  of  splitting  the  leaf  into  long  strips,  which  are  then 
drawn  singly  by  the  right  hand  between  two  sticks,  pressed  together,  at 
one  end  by  the  left  hand  and  at  the  other  by  the  toes  of  the  left  foot, 
Uius  crushing  and  removing  the  tissue,  leaving  the  fibre  in  the  hand.* 
Samples  of  this  aloe  fibre  and  of  Shimba  indiarubber  were  sent  home 
for  the  report  of  an  expert.  This  is  given  below.  Had  the  sap  of 
the  Landolphia  been  gradually  made  into  balls,  as  is  usual,  the  samples 
would  have  been  drier,  but  leaving  it  in  a  cup  to  solidify,  as  I  did, 
insured  its  cleanliness. 

Cox)al  is  found  in  some  parts,  and  there  is  a  certain  amount  of 
orchilla  weed  on  the  forest  trees.  I  should  not  leave  this  subject 
without  mentioning  the  great  nxmibers  and  variety  of  orchids  in  the 
woods  about  Yuga. 

Shimba  is  admirably  suited  for  cattle,  and  a  few  years  ago  was  both 
thickly  populated  and  well  stocked.  But  the  cattle-lifting  raids  of  the 
fierce  Masai,  who  spare  the  lives  of  none  that  they  meet,  and  the 
scarcely  less  harmful  and  constantly  recurring  insurrections  of  Mbaruk 
bin  Baschid  El-Eahlani,  with  their  attendant  robberies  and  murders, 

*  Extract  from  a  letter  from  Messrs.  Gray,  Dawes,  and  Co.,  to  Messrs.  Smith  and 
Mackenzie,  of  Zanzibar,  dated  January  6th,  1886 : — **  We  have  received  the  small  box 
of  samples  advised  by  you  some  time  ago,  and  have  put  the  rubber  sample  before  our 
London  brokers.  Tliey  class  it  as  very  similar  to  Madagascar,  good,  dear,  and  worth 
about  U,  10  J,  per  lb.  We  have  procured  from  our  brokers  samples  of  Madagascar 
rubber,  worth  about  U,  lid,  to  2t.  per  lb.  Wo  send  them  to  you,  with  a  small  portion 
of  good  Pttia  rubber,  worth  about  28,  Id.  to  2$,  Sd.  per  lb.  All  of  these  you  will  notice 
are  very  much  drier  than  the  sample  you  sent,  but,  with  this  exception,  we  see  very  little 
difference  between  your  sample  and  the  Madagascar  kind.  The  fibre  our  brokers  report 
as  aloe,  strong,  good  colour,  very  clear,  rather  short  in  the  fibre,  value  23/.  to  26/.  per  ton. 
They  further  advise  us  tliat  it  very  closely  resembles  Manilla  hemp,  more  than  auy 
£bre  they  have  yet  seen,  the  latter  being  worth  to-day  80/.  per  ton. 


122  EXPLOEATIOSS  LS  ZANZIBAR  DOMISIOSS. 

have  almost  cleared  it  of  livf  stuck,  and  iiave  forced  the  people,  much 
reduced  in  numbers,  to  live  in  villages  stockaded  with  the  trunks  of 
young  trees  and  bongbs  and  surrounded  by  a  thick  jungle.  The  entrance 
is  double,  bo  that  after  patwing  the  outer  gate  there  is  a  ail-desac  if  the 
inner  gate  is  shut. 

South  of  the  2igi  river  live  the  Wabondei,  between  whom 
and  their  neighbourB  the  Wadigo  are  constant  squabbles,  kidnapping 
of  slaves,  and  reprisals  ;  and  a  little  belt  of  unoccupied  country  di\'ide8 
them. 

Except  in  the  immediate  neighbourhood  of  the  Usambara  hills  the 
Bondei  country  is  low  and  uninteresting.  The  inhabitants  differ  little 
from  the  Wadigo;  there  is,  however,  among  them  a  very  curious 
custom,  a  sort  of  initiation  of  boys  into  adult  life.  I  did  not  see  it,  but 
owe  the  description  of  it  to  Mr.  Geldart,  of  the  Universities'  Hfissiou. 
Those  destined  to  be  initiated  are  collected,  not  always  at  the  same 
place,  and  atunoertain  intervaU;  they  arc  made  to  takeoff  their  clothes, 
and  to  wear  instead  a  sort  of  drapery  of  uuplaited  grass.  They  are 
sent  to  live  in  the  forest,  and  are  subjected  to  all  sorts  of  trials  of  theii- 
iierve  and  courage.  Strange  noises,  as  of  lions  or  leopards,  are  accom- 
panied by  the  sudden  appearance  of  images  of  beasts  and  birds.  The 
candidates  are  sent  by  night  to  lonely  and  dangerous  places  ;  they  are 
put  into  confinement,  as  a  practical  lesson  of  what  may  be  the  result  of 
theft  or  of  adultery.  There  are  hunts  after  imaginary  wild  animals, 
which  finish  with  triumphant  dances,  and  a  grand  dance  mnds  up  the 
course,  which  from  tirat  to  last  takes  aliout  a  month. 

In  the  Boudei  country  there  are  three  principal  stationH  belonging 
to  the  Universities'  Mission,  that  is  to  say,  Magila,  Umba,  and  Mkuzi; 
and  there  are  about  seven  Europeans,  some  of  them  laymen,  at  work 
amongst  the  Bondei  people.  There  are  now  about  170  baptised  Christians, 
30  of  whom  were  brought  from  Zanzibar,  and  there  are  several  cate- 
chumens. At  Magila,  which  is  the  head-quarters,  a  large  stone  church 
is  nearly  finished,  and  the  thickly  populated  neighbourhood  gives 
endless  scope  for  work  to  the  missionaries,  who  not  only  have  gained 
the  friendship  of  the  natives,  but  live  in  perfect  peace  amongst 
them. 

Although  Magila  lias  no  cattle,  there  is  the  possibility  of  an  attack 
from  the  Masai,  a  large  body  of  whom  passed  in  October  1835  within  a 
day's  march  of  the  Mission. 

The  approaches  te  Tanga  are  over  undulating  hills  and  through 
great  stretches  of  grass  laud,  excellently  suited  for  the  pastTirage  of 
cattle,  of  which  there  were  great  nnmbers,  until  quite  recently  carried 
off  by  a  Masai  raid.  Tanga  has  about  100  British  subjects;  about 
fifteen  of  these  are  Banians,  the  remainder  Bohras  with  their  wives  and 
children. 

From  Tanga  I  went  by  dhow  to  Mombasa,  and  through  lack  of  liine 


EXPLORATIONS  IN  ZANZIBAR  DOMINIONS.  123 

I  was  Tillable  to  examine,  as  I  had  wished,  the  port  of  Mwoa,  and  other 
hays  in  its  neighbourhood. 

In  conclusion,  I  should  remark  that  the  oonntry  through  which  I 
passed  is  nearly  destitute  of  game. 


ITINERARY. 

From  the  town  of  Mombasa  across  the  island  to  Eilindini  is  about 
2^  miles  in  an  easterly  direction.  The  arm  of  the  sea  is  then  crossed  by 
a  ferry,  and  Mtongwo,  on  the  mainland,  is  reached,  the  village  being 
about  a  mile  from  the  landing-place.  At  Mtongwe  is  to  be  seen  a 
coco-nut  tree  with  two  heads ;  when  the  tree  was  about  80  feet  high 
the  first  head  is  said  to  have  died,  after  which  were  put  forth  two  heads, 
thus  making  a  forked  tree,  each  head  being  about  15  feet  from  the  point 
of  junction. 

Mtongwe  to  Magojoni,  a  distance  of  11  j^  miles  in  a  south-westerly 
direction — country  undulating;  the  road  goes  first  through  deserted 
and  n^lected  coco-nut  plantations,  then  over  uncultivated  ground,  and 
lastly,  past  Digo  and  Eamba  villages,  each  in  its  defensive  stockade. 
Much  of  the  country  would  give  excellent  grazing,  and  there  is  but 
little  bush. 

Bearings  from  Mwango-wa-Loloni : — Flag-staff  in  fort,  78°  40'; 
centre  of  Coroa,  37° ;  l\abbai  hills,  350° ;  path  (direction  of)  223°. 

The  position  of  Magojoni  is  fixed  by  plane  table  observations ;  I  also 
found  its  latitude  by  mer.  alt.  of  Vega  to  be  4°  12  J'  south. 

From  Magojoni  to  Yuga  is  about  four  miles,  and  the  }K)sition  of 
Yuga  is  found  from  plane  table,  and  a  mer.  alt.  of  Vega  gives  its  latitude 
as  i°  11^'  south.    Yuga  lies  pleasantly  in  a  hollow. 

Shimba  Gulini  is  five  miles  from  Yuga;  its  latitude  by  mer. 
alt  of  Fomalhaut  is  4°  9'  south;  but  this  result  should  be  received 
with  caution,  for  at  the  time  of  the  star's  passage  there  was  a  war  dance 
near  my  seat,  which  caused  much  trembling  of  the  mercury  in  the 
horizon. 

From  the  hill  Bironi  is  gained  an  excellent  view  to  the  northward 
and  to  the  westward,  the  country  in  the  latter  direction  appearing  quite 
flat,  and  I  was  enabled  to  take  very  good  bearings  of  Easigao  and 
Kilibas.  These,  when  intersected  by  bearings  taken  from  Jombo  village, 
give  the  following  positions : — Eilibas  8°  59'  south,  89°  1'  east ;  Kasigao 
3°  50J'  south,  38°  45'  east. 

At  Golini  I  was  told  that  the  villages  which  formerly  existed  to  the 
south  and  west  had  been  destroyed  by  the  Masai,  the  only  remaining 
one  being  Fande,  about  10  miles  away. 

South-east  of  Magojoni  are  clustered  a  number  of  small  villages, 
Mdogo-wa-Mayayi,  Dzombo,  and  Mvumoni,  the  latter  being  but  a  mile 
distant  from  it. 


124  tSPLORATlOSS  IN  ZANZIBAR  IWJIISIOSS. 

Two  miles  fn>m  Magojoni  ts  a  curious  ilepression  named  Nyari, 
witUin  which  there  ie  said  hy  the  nativcB  to  be  an  engulfed  viiliige. 

Three  miles  from  Magojoni  is  Tiwi,  a  small  village,  and  east  of  Tiwi 
is  a  small  lake. 

From  Magojoni  to  Mwabila  is  about  11  miles,  over  very  confused 
small  hills  and  through  very  thick  undergrowth,  and,  in  November, 
very  high  grass.  This  difficulty  ia  avoided  in  January  or  February, 
when  the  grass  has  been  burnt  and  the  countrj-  is  clear, 

Mwabila  is  a  fair  sized  village,  from  which  I  took  the  following 
bearings: — Jombo,  341'  (true);  Usambara  hills,  247^";  height  above 
sea-level  by  boiling-point  thermometer,  430  feet ;  variation  by  alt.  azim., 
S"  44'  W. 

Six  miles  S.S.W.  of  Mwabila  is  crossed  the  Mkurumji  river,  a  small 
stream  25  feet  wide. 

When  due  west  of  Gaai,  the  road  takes  a  westerly  direction,  and 
12  miles  from  Mwabila  is  the  Bamisi,  a,  deep  narrow  river,  perhaps 
20  feet  across ;  it  is  doubtless  difficult  to  crosx  in  time  of  flood.  This 
was  marched  in  two  stages,  the  second  being  most  trying.  It  included 
1^  hours  through  grass  10  feet  high,  wet  and  steaming,  with  a  hot  san, 
the  path  going  up  and  down  smull  hills  and  over  little  streams. 

Fifteen  miles  from  Mwabila  is  .Tom ho  village ;  its  latitude  by  mer. 
alt.  of  a  Gruis  is  3'  2C'  S..  and  its  height  above  sea-level  by  boiling-point 
thermometer  is  244  feet.  Jombo  hill  is  fixed  by  its  bearing  from  this 
village  and  from  Mwabila ;  its  height  as  given  by  the  Boyal  Geo- 
graphical Society's  map  seems  correct. 

Seven  miles  south-west  of  Jombo  is  Vichakawifu,  a  small  village. 
On  leaving  Vichakawifu  we  made  a  great  round,  probably  to  avuid 
marshy  ground,  and  then  crossed  the  Njovu,  a  shallow  stream,  easily 
forded,  and,  after  G  miles,  the  Mwena,  a  largo  deep  stream,  bridged  by 
a  felled  tree,  After  another  half  mile  we  found  ourselves  at  Chole. 
From  Chole  to  Kobe  is  about  2  miles,  and  from  Kobe  to  the  Umba 
river  is  about  3  miles ;  just  across  the  river  is  Umba  Jilile. 

From  Umba  Jilile  to  Chueni  is  4  miles,  fiom  Ghueni  to  Fidzoni 
about  S  miles. 

From  Fidzoni,  which  is  said  to  be  the  end  of  a  long  ridge  reaching 
into  the  Usambara  country,  the  following  bearings  were  taken;  Tii, 
north  end,  79" ;  south  end,  86'  16' ;  Jombo,  16"  16' ;  Mwele,  23''  to  3V. 

The  neighbourhood  is  very  low  and  thickly  studded  witli  villages. 

From  Fidzoni  to  Hundu  is  4  miles,  and  from  Kundu  to  Kwa  Ngwaru 
is  4  miles.  In  the  part  of  the  Digo  cuuutiy  south  of  this,  there  was 
much  slave  kidnapping  during  the  famine.  The  river  Ndoyo,  half  a 
mile  from  Kwn  Ngwaru,  was  in  flood,  owing  to  the  great  amount  of 
rain,  and  it  was  crossed  by  means  of  a  tree  felled  so  as  to  bridge  its 
deepest  part.  Where  we  crossed  it  the  channel  was  interrupted  by  many 
small  islands,  but  its  total  breadth  is  probably  as  a  rule  30  yards. 


EXPLORATIONS  IN  ZANZIBAR  DOMINIONS.  126 

Nguwe,  whose  latitude  by  a  Grais  is  4°  49'  S.,  and  height  above  the 
sea  level  100  feet,  is  less  than  6  miles  from  the  Ndoyo  river. 

About  this  point  the  metamorphic  rocks,  which  have  hitherto  pre- 
vailed, cease,  and  the  rocks  to  the  southward,  except  near  the  Usambara 
hills  and  at  Magila,  where  a  hard  stone-like  ironstone  is  found,  are  of 
ahale  or  slate. 

From  Nguwe  to  the  river  Kombe  is  1^  miles,  to  Mazola  8  miles,  to 
Bagamoyo  5  miles,  to  Majema  10  miles,  to  Maziwi  *  14  miles.  From 
Maziwi  to  Mwa  Kululu  is  6  miles,  and  to  Vindo  9  miles. 

A  mile  from  Yindo  is  the  Zigi,  a  fine  stream  about  100  yards  wide, 
but  very  swift  and  full  of  rapids. 

From  Yindo  to  Membwera,  4  miles ;  from  Membwera  to  Mabangu's, 
6  miles  (these  two  measurements  taken  whilst  suffering  from  fever) ; 
from  Mabungu's  to  Magila  is  5  miles. 

Magila  is  628  feet  above  the  sea-level;  whilst  I  was  there  the 
weather  was  too  bad  to  get  a  good  observation  for  latitude.  The 
variation  of  the  compass  is  llf  ^  W. 

From  Magila  it  is  3  miles  to  a  ford  over  the  Mkurumuzi,  here,  when 
not  swollen,  about  25  3*ards  across. 

From  Magila  10  miles  to  Umba,  a  small  offnstation  of  the  Universities' 
Mission,  with  a  school  for  the  children  of  the  neighbouring  villages. 
It  is  about  600  feet  above  the  sea-level,  and  its  latitude  by  a  seemingly 
good  mer.  alt.  of  Achemar  is  5°  7'  S.,  but  certain  bearings  of  the 
Usambara  hills  place  it  further  south. 

From  Umba  to  Tanga  is  about  20  miles,  over  undulating  country, 
which  gets  clearer  as  the  coast  is  approached,  and  offers  excellent 
pasturage  for  cattle. 

*  During  the  night  spent  at  Maziwi  a  thief  came  into  my  tent.  In  these  parts,  where 
the  law  is  weak,  a  thief  may  be  dealt  with  at  the  captor's  discretion,  that  is,  either  killed 
on  the  spot  or  sold  for  a  slave.  I  expected  therefore  that  the  thief  would  be  armed ; 
and  having  neither  light  nor  weapon,  I  considered  it  more  discreet  to  slip  out  of  be<l 
and  call  for  help  than  to  throw  myself  on  him.  I  did  so,  but  he  escaped.  This  was  the 
only  time  I  encountered  a  thief. 


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I 


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f 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA 


By  Lient. -Colonel  Sir  E.  L.  Playfair. 


»•    w 

PACK 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  127 

INDEX  OF  SUBJECTS  397 

INDEX  OF  AUTHORS  410 


*> 


BIBLIOGEAPHY  OF  ALGEEIA, 


TBOM  THE 


EXPEDITION  OF  CHAKLES  V.  IN  1541  TO  1887. 


BY 

SIR  R.  LAMBERT  PLAYFAIR,   K.C.M.G., 

H.]f.  OONBUIi-OENEItAL  FOB  ALGERIA  AND  TUNIS ; 

▲UTIIOB  or  '  TXAVELS  IN  THS  F00T8TSP8  OF  BBUCE  '  ;   '  THE  MX>I7B0E  OF  CBBIflTXNDOM  '  f 

*  HAVDBOOK  (MURBAT's)  TO  ALGESIA  AND  TUKIfi'; 

'BAKDBOOK  (XUBJUX'S)  TO  TUB  MEDIICBJUICEAK/  ETC. 


VOL,   JI.  K 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA 


By  Lient. -Colonel  Sir  E.  L.  Playfair. 


PAGE 

BIBLIOGRAPHY  127 

INDEX  OF  SUBJECTS  397 

INDEX  OF  AUTHORS  410 


BIBLIOGEAPHY  OF  ALGERIA, 


FELOM  THE 


EXPEDITION  OF  CHAKLES  V.  IN  1541  TO  1887. 


BY 

SIR  R.  LAMBERT  PLAYFAIR,   K.C.M.G., 

H.]f.  OON8I7L-GKNEBAL  FOB  ALGERIA  AND  TUNIS ; 

▲UniOR  OF  '  TBATELS  DT  THS  F0OT8TBF8  OF  BBUCE  '  ;   '  THE  tiOOUBOE  OF  0B1U8TEKD0M  '  f 

*  HAXDBOOK  (MUKSAT's)  TO  ALGEBIA  AXD  TUXIS'; 

'BAKDBOOK  (lIUItSAX's)  TO  TUI  XEDHEIUUXEAK/  ETC. 


VOL,   JI.  K 


13Q  A  BIBUOGRAPHr  OF  ALGERIA. 

8.    1543.    Mela,  Fomponiua — De  Situ  Orbis.    Libri  ires.    Basiliae :  folia 

Another  edition ; — opera  et  studio  J.  Beinoldii.    Eton :  1814,  4to. 

This  work  mentions  the  Tombeau  de  la  Chretienne,  near  Gherchel,  the  tomb 
of  the  Mauritanean  kings,  '*  monumentum  commune  regiss  gentis,"  the  cadj 
ancient  edifice  in  Algeria  specifically  mentioned  by  a  classical  author. 

10.  1548.    H88C  nova  fert  Afirioa.    Yieuna; :  8vo. 

11.  1550.    H  vero  e  iiltimo  awiso  della  prisa  d^Affrica. 

12.  1552.    Kucula,  Horace. — Commentariorum  de  Bello  anno  1550  in  Afiici 
gesto  lib.  V.    Romse :  Svo. 

A  history  in  Latin  of  the  war  of  Charles  V.  hi  Africa. 

18.    1555.    Commentarii  Berum  a  Carolo  V.  Cassare  Augusto  in  Africano  beUo 
gestarum.     Antwerpiai;  8vo. 

14.  1556.    Nicolas   de    Nicolai,    Segnieur   d'Artefeuilte. — La   navigation   c^ 
peregrinations  orientales.    Lyon :  folio. 

15.    iricholas  Nicholay.  , 

Tiie  author  was  Valet  de  chambre  and  Geographer  in  Ordinary  to  IQc^^ 

Charles  IX.    The  English  yersion  is  a  translation  of  part  of  No.  14. 


16.  1556.    IieoAfticanus. — De  Totius  AfriciB  Descriptione  libri  ix  Zorioh: 

The  author  was  an  Arab  of  Granada,  named  El-Hassan,  who  visited  a  fffis^^^ 
part  of  Africa.    He  was  taken  by  Corsairs,  and  baptised  by  Leo  X.    His  origia  -^^^ 
work  was  in  Arabic,  but  it  has  been  translated  into  Latin  and  into  nearly  i 
the  modem  languages  of  Europe.    The  English  version  bears  the  title: 
Particular  Treatise  of  all  the  Maine  lands  and  Isles  described  by  John  Leo,  vi" 
map.    London:   1600,  4to.    A  French  translation,  by  Jean  Temporal, 
published  at  Lyon,  1556,  folio ;  and  an  Italian  version  is  given  in 
vol.  i. 

17.  1557.    Maroolini,  Fran. — Dell' origino  de  Barbari.    Venezia:  4ta 

18.  1557.    Zeebout,  Ambroise,  chaplain  and  companion  of  the  Chev.  Ja' 
van  Ghistele,   in  his — Voyage  Inlanden  .  .  .  Arabien,  Egyptien,  Ethiop^ 
Barbarien,  &c.    Ghendt:  4to;  2nd  ed.  1572,  sm.  folio,  pp.  384. 


19.  1558.    La  Conquista  de  Africa  en  Bervena,  escrito  en  latin  por  Alfb^ 
Calvete  de  Estrella.    Salamanca :  8vo. 

20.  1562.    Becneil  de  la  diversite  des  habits  qui  sent  de  prdsent  en  usage  ta^^^*     ^ 
pays  d'Europe,  d'Asie,  d'Afrique  et  illes  Sauvages,  le  tout  faict  aprfes  le  nal 
Paris. 

21.  1564.    Fissot,  A.  du. — Plans  Pourtraitz  et  descriptions  de  pleusieures 
et  forteresses  tant  de  PEurope,  Asie  et  Afrique  que  dcs  Indes  et  terres  neu 
Lyon:  folio. 

22.  1570.    Diego  de  Fnentes. — Conquesta  de  Africa  donde  se  hallaran  nue 
mento  recapitadcs  por  D.  de  F.,  muchas  y  niuy  notables  hazenas  de  particu 
cavalleros.    Amberes,  Nucio :  12mo. 

28.    1570.    Salazar,  Fedro. — Hispania  Yictrix.     Historia  en  la  qual  se  cuen 
muchas  guerras  succedidas  entre  chrlstianos  y  infidelcs  assi  en  mar  como  en  tiei 
desdc  el  afio  de  mil  y  quincentos  y  quarenta  y  seys  hasta  el  de  sestanta  y  cinc<^/ 
&c.,  &C.    Medina  del  Campo :  folio,  alternate  pages  numbered,  261. 
Much  interesting  matter  regarding  Algiers  and  Oran. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  AL6ERU.  131 

24.  1572-16i8.  Brain»  Qeorgius,  et  Franoisous  Hogenbergiueu— Civitates 
orbb  terrarom,  &c.    Coloniie :  6  voL  folio,  not  paged. 

YoL  iL  oontaina  a  curious  view  of  Algiers,  that  mentioned  as  "  much  more 
modem  "  than  the  one  given  by  Playfair. — See  '  Scourge  of  Christendom,'  plate  ii. 
and  p.  xiL 

.25.  1573.  Mafmol-Caravidal,  Ii. — ^Descripdon  Qeneral  de  Aifrrica.  Con  todos 
lo8  suoesos  de  guerras  que  a  avido  entre  los  infieles  y  el  pueblo  christiano. 
Gnmada :  3  vol.  folio. 

Marmol  was  a  native  of  Granada,  served  in  the  expedition  of  Charles  Y» 
against  AJgiers,  was  taken  prisoner,  and  travelled  during  seven  years  and  eight 
months  over  a  great  pert  of  North  Africa.  A  French  translation  was  published 
by  d'Ablanoourt  at  Paris  in  1667,  3  vol.  4to,  pp.  532,  678,  304. 

^26.  1576.  Bruyn,  Abraham  van. — ^Diversarum  gentium  armatura  equestris 
ubi  fere  Europse,  Asi£e  atque  Africas  equitandi  ratio  proprio  ezpressa  est  Antwerp : 
4to,  52  plates.  .  A  second  edition  has  81  plates,  and  a  third,  {Hinted  in  Amsterdam, 
80  plates.  A  French  translation  was  published  in  Antwerp  in  1581:  folio, 
58  plates. 

Contains  two  &nciful  pictures  of  Algerian  Moors  and  a  short  article  '  De 
regno  Aigeriae.' 

1577.    Isidori  Hispalensis  Originum. — See  Appendix  to  Shaw,  No.  247. 

1577.  Martiani  ^linei  Felicis  Capellse  de  Nuptiis  Philosophiie.  —  See 
Appendix  to  Shaw. 

1582.    Pauli  Orooii  adversus  Pianos  Historia. — See  Appendix  to  Shaw. 

1587.  Nouveles  de  la  venue  de  la  Heine  d'Algier  a  Rome,  et  du  baptesme 
<l*icelle  et  de  ses  six  en&nts,  et  des  dames  de  compagnie  avec  le  moyen  de  son 
^^part.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  12.  An  Italian  edition  was  published  in  the  same  year 
Ski;  Milan.    Reprinted  in  the  Archives  des  Voy.,  t.  i.  pp.  165-9. 

-^l*      1588.    Januto,  Givia — Geografia  dell' Africa.    Lib.  xii.    Yenezia:  folio. 

^^»      1591.    Tratado  para  confirmar  los  pobres  coutivos  de  Berberia  en  la  verdadera 
y  antigua  fe.    8vo. 

"^^      1593.    Morales,  el  Capitan  Baltazar  de.  Natural  de  la  Rambla. — Dialogo 
<^e  las  Guerras  de  Oran.    Cordova :  8vo,  alternate  pages  numbered,  64. 

This  has  been  reprinted  in  the  Coleccion  de  libros  Espafloles  raros  6  curiosos, 
Tol.  XV.,  Madrid,  1881. 

1593.    Bocdo,  Jacoma — ^Dell'  Istoria  della  sacra  Keligione  et  111"^.  Militia  di 
Giovanm  GierosoUmitano.    Boma :  2  vol.  folio,  pp.  591-873. 
.  In  Book  X.  vol.  ii.  is  a  description  of  Algiers,  and  an  account  of  the  expedi- 
tion of  Charles  Y. 

3^ 

^^r         1599.    Hakluyty    Bev.    Biohard. — The  Principal  Navigations,   Voyages, 

^^^^ffiques,  and  Discoveries  of  the  English  Nation  made  by  sea  or  overland,  to  the 
^^^^Kiote  and  furthest  distant  quarters  of  the  earth,  at  any  time  within  the  com* 
I^'^i^se  of  these  1600  yeres,  &c.    London :  folio,  2  vol  pp.  620,  312+204.    38.1. 

YoL  ii.  part  L  contains   The  English  Yoyages  within  the  Streight  of 
Oibraltar. 
,^^  The  following  have  reference  to  Algiers : — 

^^       P^  67.    Matthew  Gumey's  voyage  agaiost  the  Moores  at  Algiers. 

^"^^       Page  99.    The  voyage  of  Sir  Thomas  Chaloner  to  Alger  with  Charles  V., 
1541,  drawn  out  of  his  book, '  De  Bepublica  Anglorum  Instauranda,'  with  a 


i 


132  A  BIBUOGBAPHT  OF  ALGESLU 


translation  in  Englub.    Sir  Thomas  was  a  Kni^t  of  Bliodes,  and  the  inti 
friend  of  Sir  Henry  Kneret,  Ambassador  from  Henry  VJLll.  to  Charles  Y^ 
These,  together  with  Henry  EnoUes  and  Heniy  Isham,  acaRnpanied 
Emperor  on  his  expedition  to  Algiers. 

Page  173.  A  letter  addressed  to  the  Bt  Hon.  William  Harehome,  fint 
Ambassador  to  the  Porte,  written  probably  by  J<An  Tipton,  first  Igngli*^  Ooosnl 
at  Algiers ;  both  appointed  by  the  Levant  Company.    Dated  10th  Feb.,  1583. 

30.  Page  174.  A  passport  granted  to  Thcnnas  Singleton,  TgnglialnnaTi^  by  Asaan 
Agha,**King''ofAlgier.    1583. 

40.  Page  175.  A  letter  written  in  Spanish  by  Sir  Edward  Osbonie,  Lord  Mayor 
of  London,  to  the  King  of  Alger,  20th  Joly,  1584,  in  the  behalf  of  certain 
English  captives  there  detained,  with  an  English  translation  followed  by  Notes 
concerning  the  Trade  of  Alger. 

41.  Page  177.  A  Letter  from  the  English  Ambassador  to  M.  Edward  Bnrtoo, 
his  Emissary  (subsequently  Ambassador),  dated  24th  June,  1584. — ^Mention  is 
herein  made  of  Tipton. 

42.  Page  177.  The  Commandement  of  the  Grand  Siguier,  obtained  by  Her 
Majesties  Ambassador,  M.  Will.  Harebome,  for  the  quiet  passing  of  her  suljects 
to  and  fro  bis  dominions,  sent  in  1584  to  the  Viceroys  of  Alg^er,  Tunis  and 
Tripolis  in  Barbary* 

48.  Page  178.  A  Letter  of  the  Hon.  M.  Will.  Harebome,  Her  Majesties  Am- 
bassador with  the  Grand  Siguier,  to  M.  Tipton,  appointing  him  Consul  of  the 
English  in  Algier,  Tunis  and  Tripolis  of  Barbarie,  dated  30th  March,  1585. 
— Tipton  had  already  held  this  position  in  an  unofficial  manner  for  some  fim^. 

44.  Page  179*  A  Catalogue  (in  Latin)  or  Begister  of  the  English  ships,  goods- 
and  persons  wrongfully  taken  by  the  galleys  of  Alger,  with  the  namea  of  the 
English  captives,  delivered  to  Hassan  Bassa  the  B^lerb^  of  Alger. 

45.  Page  180.  A  letter  of  M.  WilL  Harebome  to  Assan  Aga,  Eunuch  and 
Treasurer  with  Hassan  Bassa,  King  of  Alger ;  which  Hassan  Aga  was  sonne  to 
Francis  Bowley,  Merchant  of  Bristol,  and  was  taken  in  an  English  ship  called 
the  Swallow,  28th  June,  1586. 

46.  Page  191.  Correspondance  regarding  the  restitution  of  the  shippe  caUed 
the  JcRus  and  the  English  captives  detained  in  Tripolie  in  Barbarie  and  for 
certain  other  prisoners  in  Argier.    1584. 

47.  Page  282.  The  Second  Voyage  of  M.  Laurence  Aldersey  to  the  cities  of 
Alexandria  and  Cayro  in  Aegypt,  Anno  1586. — In  this  occurs  a  notice  of  John 
Tipton. 

48.  Part  ii.  vol.  ii.  p.  114.  The  Letters  Patent  or  priviledges  granted  by  Her 
Majestic  to  certaine*noble  men  and  merchants  of  London  for  a  trade  to  Barbarie 
in  tlio  yeere  1585. 

A  new  edition,  with  additions,  were  published  in  1809  and  following  year. 

49.  1602.  Coneataggio,  Jeronimo. — Belationc  dell'  apparecchio  per  sorprendero 
Algiori.    Venizia :  4to,  pp.  15. — See  No.  4206. 

60.  1 603.  Knolles,  Richard,  scholar  of  Lincoln's  College. — ^The  General  History' 
of  the  Turkes,  from  the  first  beginning  of  that  nation  to  the  rising  of  the  Othoman 
Familie,  with  all  the  notable  expeditions  of  the  Christian  Princes  against  them,  &g. 
London :  folio,  pp.  1152. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA*  133 

From  page  716-24  is  an  account  of  the  expedition  against  Algiers  by 
<::harlc8  V. 

The  hist<H7  is  followed  by  **  a  brief  discourse  of  the  greatness  of  the  Turkish 
^Elmpire,"  which  gives  the  titles  of  '*  the  Beglerhegs  and  their  Sanzacked  and 
TXHmariots."  ''The  B^lerbeg  of  •  •  •  Cesair  (in  auntient  time  called  Julia 
O^sraaria),  but  now  commonly  Algiers,  where  the  Beglerbeg  still  residing,  com- 
xxiandeth  oyer  all  that  Idngdome  wherein  are  fortie  thousand  Tunariots." 

51..    X604.    Relazione  dell' abbiaciamento  delle  galere  nel  porto  d'Algieri  fatto  del 
Capitano  Boberto  Gifford,  Inglese.    Firenze,  Genoya. 

&5L  1605.  Victor,  Bishop  of  Vita  or  Utica.— The  Memorable  and  Tragical  History 
of  t;lie  persecutions  in  AMcke»  under  Gensericke  and  Hunericke,  Arrian  Kings  of 
the  "Vandals.    London:  18mo. 

58. Another  edition,  in  the  original  Latin.    1874 :  16mo.     Historia  perse- 

cntionis  Africse  proyinciae,  tempore  Genserici  et  Hunerici  r^em  Vandalorum. — See 
Hurler  (H.  yon),  *  Sanctorum  patrum  opuscula  selecta,'  yol.  22, 16ma. 

54.  X607.  Cort  end  varaohtlioh  yerbael  yan  de  gedenkweerdige  geschiednis  in 
Barlttreyen.    4to. 

55.  X607.  Belasione  del  Viagg^o  et  della  presa  di  Bona  en  Berberia  fiitta  delle 
galere  della  religione  di  S.  Ste&no  11  16  Settembre  1607^  sotto  il  commando  di 
Salvio Pioolomini.    Firenze:  Syo. 

This  was  also  published  in  French  in  1608,  under  the  title :  '  Disoours  des 
Voyages  et  de  la  prise  de  la  yiUe  et  forteresse  de  Bona  en  Barbaric  par  les  galores 
^e  la  religion  de  St.  Etienne  en  1607,  sous  le  commandement  de  Silyio  Pioolo- 
mini et  de  Ghey.  de  Gadagne  sieur  de  Beauregard.'    Lyon :  8yo. 

SB.  1608.  lESTotitia  utraque  dignitatum  cum  orientis,  tum  ocddentis,  ultra  Arcadii 
Honoriique  tempera. — See  Appendix  to  Shaw,  No.  247. 

57. 1610.  IiOB  Viotoires'obtenues  sur  les  Turcs  d'Alger  au  mois  d'Aodt  dernier 
par  le  S^r^nissime  Grand  Due  de  Toscane,  Cosme  de  Medicis.    Paris,  Lyon  :  8to. 

SS.  1610.  The  Present  State  of  Algiers.    London :  8yo. 

5e.  1611.    Sexti  Bufi  Breyiario  Hist.  Homana9.--See  Appendix  to  Shaw,  No.  247. 

dO.  1612.  Fray  Diego  de  Haeda — ^Topographia  e  Historia  General  de  Argel. 
Valladolid :  folio,  double  cols. 

A  French  translation  by  Dr.  Monnereau  and  M.  Berbrugger  was  published 
in  the  '  Reyue  Africaine,'  1870,  p.  364  et  seq.  The  author  was  a  Benedictine 
monk,  Ahh6  of  Fromesta,  and  dedicated  his  work  to  his  relatiye  the  Archbishox^ 
of  Palermo.    It  contains  an  account  of  the  martyrdom  of  Jeronimo. 

Another  work  by  the  same  author  is  the  '  Epitome  de  los  Reyes  de  Argel,* 
which  contains  nearly  all  the  information  we  possess  r^arding  the  eyents  of 
the  16th  century,  and  is  of  the  utmost  importance  to  students  of  Algerian 
history.  A  translation  of  it  was  published  by  M.  de  Grammont  in  the  Key. 
Afr.,  xxiy.  p.  37  et  $eq»  Haedo  was  taken  prisoner  by  the  Algerines  in  1578, 
and  released  in  1581. 

61.  1613.  Histoire  veritable  de  ce  qui  s'est  pass6  en  Barbaric  poui  la  d^li- 
vrance  et  la  r^emption  des  Chrestiens  captifs,  et  des  s^cheresses  extraordinaires 
adyenues  en  Alger  Tan  pass6  pendant  laquelle  arriya  une  pluie  miraculeuse. 
Paris:  8yo. 

62.  1614.  Davies,  WilUaxn. — ^A  true  relation  of  the  trayails  and  most  miserable 
captiyity  of  .  •  .,  Barber  Surgeon  of  London,  under  the  Duke  of  Liyomo,  whereioi 


184  A  BIBL10GRA?HV  O?  ALGEEUA. 

is  tmly  set  down  the  mMmer  of  his  taking,  &c>     London :   4ta,  not  [ 
about  40,  U-H. 

The  author  left  England  28th  January,  1597.    In  cbap.  ii.  be  deacrilx    m^-^ 
"  Argeir,"  and  in  cliap.  iiL  "  Tunys,"  on  leaving  which  place  hia  veseel,  thi^cs 
Ft-ands  of  Saltash,  was  taken  by  galleys  of  the  Duke  of  Leghorn,  by  vhom  h^L^a 
was  kept  in  Blavory  eight  years  and  ten  months. 
63.    1614,    Lithgow,  William.— A  most  delectable  and  true  discourse  of  avi 
admired  and  ]Etinful  pere^ioation  from  Scotland  to  the  most  famous  kin^oms  iza 
Europe,  Ania  and  Affricke,  &c    London  :  4to,  without  pagination. 

Other  editions  were  published  nt  London,  1616, 1632,  4to,  IBSH,  8to;  at 
Edinburgh,  1770,  8vo;  London,  1814,  ftvo. 

In  theSth  Part  is  a  description  of"  Tlio  Marine  ProTinces 'twixt  Tunnds 
and  Algier,  and  of  their  territories — An  English  Pyrate  Captain  Waird — Of  the 
towns  of  Tremizen  and  of  Algier  and  of  that  territories." 


64.  1616.    Hocquet,    Jean. — Voyage  on  Afrique,  Asie,  Indes  Orientales  rt 
Occidentalea,     Paris :  8to  ;  2nd  ed.,  1617. 

Several  other  editions  exist,  published  at  Paris,  Houcu,  and  Liinchur^  the 
last  in  1668.    An  English  translation  was  piibllsbed  at  London  in  1696. 

65.  1618.  Belasione  d*  una  fb,inoaa  vlttoria  contra  i  piu  nobili  ct  valorow 
seques  et  aiiuari  di  mori.    Valenza:  4to. 

ee.    1619.    MetaUuB.— Africa  labulis  Gcogtaphicis  delbeats.     Francfurti :  folio. 
67.    1620.    Oritinaye,  or  Qrexajaej,  "La  Sieur  Jean  Baptlsta,  d'Anven, 
Pr^vCt  et  Historiograpbe  des  PafB-Baa.' — Les  cruautez  exerc^a  sur  les  Cbrcatieos 
i-n  k  Tille  d'Argier  en  Barbarie.     Paris:  12mo, 

An  English  version  is  given  in  Purcbas,  vol.  ii. :  '  Relations  of  the  Chris- 
tianitie  ot  Africa,  and  especially  of  Barbary  and  Algier.'  The  author  was 
himself  a  captive  at  Algiere  1619-1620,  The  Latin  edition  has  tho  following 
title:  'Uiarium  rerum  Ai^clai  gestamm  ab  anno  1619  sive  xpcculum  miseiim 
serrorum  Turoorum.'    ColonitB  :  8to,  1623, 

Grsmmaye    describes    Algiers    as ) "  Hell's    epitome  —  Miseries'    ocean  — 
Christian's  Whirlepool — Torture's    Centre — Hell  upon   Earth — Whip  of  the 
Christian  Worid,"  &c, 
es.    1620.    Hala,  Fletro.— relasionc  della  presa  fatta  ai  Turclii  dalle  gaierc  di 

Francia  In  fiarbcria.  8vo. 
68.  1620.  I,a  Viotoire  obtenue  par  M.  le  C^niJral  des  fiaUres  de  France  sur  les 
jiIUB  Tcdoutabtes  corsalres  du  Turc,  ensemble  ce  qui  s'est  passS  de  memoraUe  dc 
son  voyage  on  Barbarie.  Paris :  Svo. 
68a.  1621.  Iia  deffaiota  de  cinq  cents  hommcH  et  de  qnatre  vat.'iacaux  de  goecn- 
[>ar  Ic  Siciir  de  Beaulieu,  cajHtaine  d'une  des  gall^res  da  roy,  sonbe  Mgr.  le  due 
de  Oniso  an  moiadeniars  dernier.  Paris:  Svo.  Reprinted  in  Atch,  des  Voy., 
t.  ii.  pp.  402-12. 

70.  1621.  Algier  Tojrftge,  in  a  joumall  or  briefe  reporting  of  all  occuireneea 
hapening  in  the  fleet  of  ships  sent  ont  by  the  King,  His  most  excellent  Uajestie 
ns  well  against  the  Pirates  of  Algiers  as  others,  the  whole  body  of  tlie  Beet 
consisling  of  18  sayle,  &c.,  by  ona  that  went  along  in  the  voyage.  London. — See 
also  PuTchas,  No.  H5. 

71.  1621,    Belation  of  the  'Jacob.'— See  Piitchns,  Ko.  86. 


J 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALQERU.  135 

^72.     1621.    BawlixiB,  John.— See  Purchas,  No.  87. 

78.     1622.    Qramaye,  Jean  Bap.. — Africse  Illustrate  Lib.  X.  in  quibiui  Barbaria 
gentcaqne  ejus  at  olim  et  nunc  deacribuntnr.  Tomaci  Nerviorum  (Doomik) :  4tu. 
also  No.  67. 
This  is  a  mere  plagiarism  of  Marmol  and  Leo. — See  also  Purchas. 

1622.  Carta  de  un  Gapitan  de  Oran  el  Gapitan  D.  Gregorio  de  la  Gueva. 
Without  place  or  author :  folio. 

1622.  Balaoion  yerdadera  de  la  Victoria  que  ha  tenido  el  Seflor  D.  Juan 
Manrique  de  Gardenas,  hermano  del  Sefior  duque  de  Maquedo  en  las  fuerzas  de 
Oran  contra  Mores  y  Alorbes  por  el  mes  de  Agosto.  Without  name  of  place  or 
author:  folio. 

^.     1622.    Carta  que  esoriyio  Geronimo  de  Yturrica  desde  Oran  a  D.  Anastasio 
Germonio,  obispo  de  Tarantasia.    Without  place :  folio. 

'V.    1623.    Oorea,  Antonio  de. — Glorioso  triumfo  de  tres  martyres  espailoles 
doB  en  Persia  y  uno  en  ArgeL    Seyilla :  8yo. 

'A    1623.    Accoltiy  B. — De  bello  a  Ghristianis  contra  Barbaros  gesto.  Florentine : 

4ta 
W,    1624.    Victoria  que  tuyo  el  excellentissimo  duque  de  Maqueda,  general  en 

sa  fiotera  de  Oran  con  los  Moros  de  Beni-Aghu  y  todos  sus  aduares  y  los  esclayoH 

y  prescas  que  en  esta  yenturosa  yicto^a  alcan9aFon  este  presente  afio  en  13  de 

Octobrs  1624.    Madrid :  fdio. 

1624.  Viotoire  obtenue  sur  les  corsaires  d'Alger  ayec  la  prise  de  trois 
galUcoa  et  un  grand  navire*  Hollandois,  par  1e  s^r^nissime  prince  Philibert  de 
Saroie  le  24  Juin  1624.    Lyon :  Svo,  jouxte  la  copie  imprim^  A  Bome  et  Gdnes. 

1.  1624.  FamoBa  y  admirable  relacion  de  la  gran  Victoria  que  el  Sefior 
Marques  de  Santa-Gruz  a  tenido  contra  las  galeras  de  Yiserta  y  Argel,  &c. 
Seyilla:  foUo. 

1625.  Furohas,  Samuel,  **  Parson  of  St  Martins  neare  Ludgate." — ^His 
Pilgrims,- in  5  bookes  (4  yoL).    London  :  folio^  pp.  1973. 

The  following  are  the  articles  connected  with  Algiers : — 

Page  749  (2nd  toL).  Obseryations  of  Africa  taken  out  of  John  Leo  his 
9  Bookes.  Translated  by  Master  Pary,  and  the  most  remarkable  things  hither 
transcribed. 

Page  874  (2nd  yol.).  The  description  of  the  cittie  of  Alger  written  by 
Nicholas  Nicholay,  and  how  it  came  into  the  possession  of  Barbarossa. 

Page  881  (2nd  yol.).  A  large  Voyage  in  a  Joumall  or  briefe  Beportaiy  of 
all  occurrences,  hapning  in  the  Fleet  of  Ships  sent  out  by  the  King,  His  Most 
Bizcellent  Majestie,  as  well  against  the  Pirats  of  Algiers  as  others ;  the  wholu 
body  of  the  Fleet,  consisting  of  18  Sayle.  Six  of  H.M.  Ships,  10  Merchant  Ships, 
^  Pinnaces,  under  the  Gommand  of  Sir  Robert  Mansel  Knight,  Yice-Admirall  of 
England,  and  Admirall  of  that  fleet,  and  a  Gounsell  of  Warre  appointed  by  His 
^iajestie.    Written  by  one  employed  in  that  yoyage,  formerly  published,  and 

beere  contracted. 

■8ft 

^'^      Page  887  (2nd  yol.).    The  Relation  of  the  Jacob,  of  120  tunnes,  which  was 

a.bout  the  end  of  October  1621  taken  by  the  Turkish  Pirats  of  Argier,  and  within 
O  days  after  four  English  youths  did  valiantly  oyercome  thirteene  of  the  said 
Turkes,  and  brought  the  Ship  to  St.  Lucas  in  Spaine,  where  they  sold  nine  of  the 
Turkes  for  galley  slayes,  with  mention  of  some  other  like  English  adventures. 


i 


ISfl 


A  BrBLIOGP-ArHV  OF  Ar.GERIA. 


egpecMllr 


3  cbrestiena  eaclaves  entre  les 
^oy^B  ])ar  oWdience  au  voj-age  de 


87.    Page  889  C2nd  vol).    The  wonderfnll  recovery  of  -the  Exchsnge  of  BriBtwr^ 
fromthsTurkiahPiratsofArgior,  published  by  John  Rawlins,  heere  abbreviated-— ^ 

Sa     Page  15GI  (2nd  vol.).     Relations  of  llie  ChriBtiaDitie  of  Africa,  and  » 
of  Rarbareo  and  Algier,  writlfln  by  J.  B.  Gramaye. 

89.  Page  15T7>     Letter  containing  the  admirable  escape  and  ^orioua 
N.  RobcriB,  T.  Stevens,  and  R.  Snckabich,  taken  by  Algier  Pirate*. 

80.  1626.  Purchae,  Samuel. — His  Pilgrimage,  or  relation  of  the  world  Hid 
the  religiona  observed  in  nil  ages  and  places,  &c.  London :  9  books,  iq  1  vol.  folio, 
|>p.  1047. 

Chapter  viii.  of  the  6th  book  treata  of  '  that  part  of  Barbarie  now  called  the 
Kingdom  of  Tunis  and  Tripoli,"  With  map.  Chapter  in.  of  the  '  Kingdomo  of 
Tremisen,  Algier,  and  other  places  anciently  called  Mauritania  CacaarienEii.' 
Chapter  xiii.  of '  Bilediilgerid  tad  Sarra,  otherwise  called  Numtdia  and  Lybia.' 

91.  1626.  IMsooun  vdi^table  de  la  grande  et  notable  victoire  obt«nue  por  les 
};all&rcti  chrestienoes  cootro  cinq  vaisseaiix  et  nn  grand  gillion  condnicts  par  ud 
iosigne  Pirate  d'Alger,  Grec  de  nation,  reuegnt  et  tnagicien  de  profession,  nommf 
Asitn  Calafat,  en  laquello  furent  dSlivrds  plus! 
quels  estaient  trois  R.P.  religieux,  capucina  o 
la  Terre  Siuncte  pour  la  ijatisfactlon  d'uu  v( 
Archiducheaae  dea  PayB-bas.     8vo. 

92.  162T.  Maaoarenhas,  Joam  Carvalha.— Meraoravel  relafSm  da  perdita  dc 
Qtto  con^'ei^am  e  DeBcrip9ilo  nova  ila  cidade  dc  Argel.     Lipboa:  4to. 

93.  1628.  Ue  Brevss,  Ft-ancoiB  Bavary. — Relation  dcs  Voyages  do  U,  de 
Breves  tant  en  Grccc,  &c.,  qu'ans  Royaumesde  Tunis  et  Argier,  &c.  Paris:  4t0, 
pp.  383. 

eSa.  1628.  EgilMn,  Olaf.— Kort  Beratning  om  de  Tyrkiske  Saeroveree  (tr 
Argier)  udi  Island,  1G26  ;  af  islandske  oversa.it  pan  d.iiiBk,     Copcnhague:  8vo. 

94.  1628.  Byfun,  Henry. — A  return  from  Argier.  A  sermon  preached  at 
JIuirhcad  at  the  re-adniiesion  of  a  relapsed  Christian  into  our  Church.  London: 
4lo. 

85.    1630.    Stnlth,  Captain  J. — True  travels,  adventures,  and  obseTvati< 
Enrope,  Asia,  Africa  and  America.    London  :  folio,  pp.  vi.-G9,  with  plate. 

96.  1630.    Noticia  Provinoiarum  AfHeee. 

97.  1630.  Voyagie  naer  Ail-ica,  Tunis  en  Algiers  besohrevcn  door  em 
Liefhebber  op  de  Tloot  derwaerts  uyt  Hollant  gcsondea  om  de  Christtii  Slaren  te 
losson  ia't  Jaor  1625.     Hague :  4to. 

88.    1631,    Antonio  da  St.  JoaA. — Relacion  tnilagrosa  del  rescato  que  se  hi«o 


n  Argcl.    Valeiici 


:  4to. 


SB. 


1632.  Relacion  Verdadera  de  In  gran  Victoria  que  el  Sr.  D.  Antonio  de 
Kiilliga  y  de  la  Uuena  Marques  de  Flores  de  Avila  del  Coosejo  de  Guerra  de  sii 
Majestad,  so  Govemador  y  CapiMui  General  de  Oran,  Iteinoo  de  Tromecen  y 
Tfinez,  Tuvo  con  loa  Moros  Verarajos  distantes  de  Oran  vointe  y  qaatro  legnM 

a  lo«  7  de  Octohre  de  1632.  

Reprinted  in  Coleccion  de  Libros  Esiiauoles  I!aroa  et  Ciiriosoa. 


ol5. 

8Ba.    1634.    lies  noma  et  qnalit^a  de  97  Chrestiens  captifi  racheptcz, 
ann^  par  lea  religienx  de  I'ordre  de  Notre  Dame  de  la  Hercy.    Paris :  8vo,, 


L 


"1 
I 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA,  13T 

1634.  Iieo  AfirioanuB.— Turdd  Imperii  status  acoedit . .  •  de  regno  Algeri- 
ano  atqiie  Tanetano  oommentarius.     Lugduni  Batavorum :  8yo. 

^31.  1635.  TSfVLBVo  y  Teidadero  suooeaao  de  un  espantoso  y  estupendo 
inoendio  y  gnerra  sucedido  en  la  cindad  de  Argel  al  primero  de  Julio  1635. 
Barcelona:  4to. 

1637*  STayigatlon  faite  en  Barbarie  par  Fran9oi8  Brook,  traduit  de 
VAnglais.    Utrecht :  12mo. 

1637.  Fits-QefEbry,  Charles.  — <!!ompassion  toward s  captives,  our  brethren 
2nd  ooontiymen  who  are  in  miserable  bondage  in  Barbarie.  Urged  and  pressed 
in  3  sermons,  preached  in  Plymouth  in  October  1636.    Oxford :  sul  4to. 

1637.  Dan,  Befv.  Pdre. — GUstoire  de  Barbarie  et  ses  Corsaires,  des  Koyaumes 
«t  des  Yilles  d' Alger,  ^c.  Paris :  4to,  pp.  514.  A  second  edition  folio,  1649, 
j>p.  489.    A  Dutch  translation  by  G.  van  Brockhuijsen,  Amsterdam,  1648. 

The  author  was  for  nearly  half  a  century  a  Trinitarian  father,  engaged  in 
the  release  of  captives.  His  work  is  most  interesting  from  an  English  point  of 
view,  as  he  gives  an  account  of  the  Irish  captives  taken  at  the  sack  of  Baltimore 
by  the  Algerines. — See  also  Charles  Smith's  '  History  of  Cork,'  vol.  i.  p.  278. 

1638.  lCanaoiir«  Jaooub-al-MaoUalieel-al,  of  the  Almoahidin  dynasty 
which  reigned  over  Africa  and  Spiun.  He  wrote  a  work  which  was  translated  into 
Preoch  under  the  title  of '  Vie  de  Jacob  Alman^or  roy  d' Arable.'  An  English 
translatitni  was  published  by  Ashley  in  1627,  and  a  Spanish  one  at  Saragossa  in 
1603. 

108*  1636.  Baladon  verdadera  de  la  presa  que  las  galeras  de  Venecia  han 
alcMyado  de  las  de  Tunez  y  ArgeL    Madrid :  4to. 

107.  1639.  Belacion  Verdadera  en  que  se  da  cuenta  muy  por  estenso  del  modo 
que  tienen  de  vinir  assi  Moros  como  Judios  de  la  ciudad  de  Argel.    Madrid :  folia. 

103.  1640.  Knighty  Frazxoia — Relation  of  seaven  yeares  slaverie  under  the 
Turkes  of  Argiere,  suffered  by  an  English  captive  merchant.  Whereimto  is  added 
a  second  booke  containing  a  description  of  Argiere,  with  its  originall  manner  of 
government^  increase  and  present  flourishing  state.  London :  4to. — See  also 
Osborne's  Yoyages,  voL  ii.  p.  481,  and  Churchill's  Collection,  supplement. 

It  contains  an  interesting  account  of  the  Eouloughli  insurrection,  and  of  the 
minion  of  M.  de  Sanson  in  1635. 

IW*  1642.  Bobinson,  Henry. — ^Libertas  or  Reliefe  to  the  English  captives  in 
<^lgien  and  the  great  Turke,  briefly  discursing  how  such  as  are  in  captivity  may 
^  sooneBt  set  at  liberty,  others  preserved,  and  the  great  Turk  reduced  to  receive 
*^  to  keep  peace  to  the  great  benefit  of  Trade.    London :  sm.  4to,  pp.  12. 

11<X.  1643.  Hdraulty  Bev.  P^re  Franfoia. — Les  larmes  et  les  clameurs  des 
chr^Btiens  Francois,  &c.,  captifs  en  la  Yille  d'Alger  en  Barbarie.    Paris :  8vo. 

^^^-     1644.    BedemptioiL  fait  &  Alger  par  les  P.P.  de  la  Mercy.     Bordeaux : 

122l)Q|^ 

^^    1645.    Beeit  de  I'Expedition  faite  en  Alger  par  les  religieux  de  N.  D.  de  la 
^'^B  par  le  pto  Fran9ois  Faure.    Paris :  4to. 

.  1045.  lgreville»  lie  B.  F.  Edmond. — La  vive  foi  et  le  r^cit  fidMe  de  ce 
Q^i  ^Qtt  pass^  dans  le  voyage  de  la  r^emption  des  captifs  fran9ois  fait  ^  Alger 
"^  ^^  p^oes  de  I'ordre  de  Notre-Dame  de  la  Merci.    Paris :  8vo. 

*•    1345.    Faure,  F.— Eddt  de  I'exp^ition  en  Alger  par  les  religieux  de  N.  D. 
^^^Hercy.    Ptois:  4to. 


138 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 


116.  1646.    H6rault,Bav.F&reIiaoiexi.--Le8yiotoiraBde  la  Charity  ovidti^ 
des  voyages  dc  Barbarie  fiut  en  Alger,  pour  le  rachapt  des  esclavea  fran^oii  nx. 
anndes  1643-1645 ;  ensemble  ce  qui  s^est  paaad  on  sa  captivity  emprisonflDMot,  «t 
mort,  arrive  au  dit  Alg^r  le  28  Janvier  1646,  par  lea  religieux  de  Tordre  di  W 
T.  S.  Trinity    Paris :  8vo. 

lia    1647.    CasBon,  EdmiiTid.— A  relation  of  the  whole  proceadings  ooDoerni;^ 
the  redemption  of  the  captives  in  Argier  and  Tunis ;  •  .  .  togethar  with  a  lis^ 
the  captives'  names  redeemed,  and  the  prices  they  cost  there  in  the  market.    P 
lished  by  special  authority.    London,  4to. 

The  list  contains  the  names  of  242  persons  redeemed  from  slavery. 

117.  1647.    Caaon,  Edmund. — An  extract  out  of  the  letters  of  •  .  •  the 
ment's  agent  at  Argier,  directed  unto  the  Committee  of  the  Navy,  dated  29. 
ber  1646.    London  :  4to. 


I--- 


118.  1647.    Sweet,  Thomas,  and  Bichard  Bobineon. — Letters  from 
to  their  friends  in  London. 

Single  sheet  in  the  British  Museum.   Quoted  in  extenao  by  Playfair  in  ^ 
Scourge  of  Christendom,'  p.  65. 

119.  1648.    lie  F.  D.  C— Les  Triomphes  de  la  Charity  du  P.  Laden 
relation  de  ce  qui  s'est  pass^  dans  la  sortie  des  captifs  de  la  Yilled* Alger,  q 
avaient  6t&  arrestez  aprds  sa  mort,  ensemble  leur  arrivde  et  les  r^oeptions  qui 
ont  ^t^  flutes  dans  cellesdo  France  oh  ils  out  pass^    Paris. 

120.  1550.    Bynacker,  Dr. — De  Eeyse  naar  Afrika,  Tunis,  Algiers,  &c., 

in  den  jare  1625,  onder't  bcleydt  van  Dr.  R als  ambassadeur  van  Hava 

Mog.  tot  lossinghe  van  de  Christen-Slaven  derwaarts  gedeputeert.    EUufflem : 
met  grav. 

121.  1652.    liithgow,  W. — Landreyze  door  Europa,  Asia  ende  Africa, 
dam :  4to.    Translated  from  the  English,  see  ante,  No.  63. 

128.    1652.    Sanson,    lESTioolas. — ^L'Asie  et    TAfriquc   en   plusienrs 
plusieurs  trait6}  de  geographic  et  d*histoire.    Paris :  folio. 

128.    1653.    De  la  BotQlaye  le  Qout,  E. — Voyages  et  observations  en  E 
Asie  et  Afrique    jusqu'k   Tannde  1050.    Paris:  4to.    A  Dutch  translation    ^ 
Amsterdam :  12mo,  1660. 

124.    1653.    FrocopiiiB  of  Cassarea. — Several  editions  of  the  original  exists  ais 
one  English  translation  by  Sir  Henry  Holoroft.    '  History  of  the  Warns  O*^ 

the  Emperour  Justinian,  8  books.'    London :  folio,  1653. 

This  translation  is  exceedingly  rare.  No  copy  exists  in  the  British  Miueiil^ 
or  the  Advocates'  Library  in  Edinburgh ;  thsre  is  one  at  the  Bodleian.  In  tb^ 
second  book, '  De  Bello  Vandalioo,'  is  a  notice  of  the  celebrated  inscription  said 
to  have  existed  near  Tangier, "  We  flee  from  the  robber  Joshua,  the  aoD  o( 
Nun." 

A  French  translation,  entitled  '  Procope  de  la  Guerre  contre  les  Vandals^'  wa0 
published  in  Paris  in  1670.  For  the  original  text  see  Corpus  Scriptonun  His" 
torias  Byzantime,  Bonna),  1838. 

126.    1653-56.    Diveeraohe  beschrijvingen  van  de  Noortkust  van  Africa.     Hand* 
Bchrift :  folio,  pp.  72. 

126.  1654.  Chaulmer. — ^Le  tableau  de  I'Afriquc  ou  sont  repr^scnt^  lea  royamnes^ 
r<^publiques,  principaut^s,  ties,  presqu'iles,  forts,  &c.,  de  cette  seconde  partie  di^ 
monde.    Paris:  12mo. 


to, 


et 


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c^t 


t^ 


^A 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  139 

3.27.  1654.  Tabula  Fdutingeriana,  ex  edit.  G.  Harini,  Amst. — See  Appendix 
to  Shaw,  No.  247.  Also  '  La  Table  de  PeiitiDger  d'aprte  roriginal  conservd  k 
Yienne,  par  Ernest  Desjardins.*    Paris :  1869. 

1654.  Cabala  sive  scrinia  sacra.  Mistcries  of  State  and  Government  in 
letters  of  illustrious  persons  and  great  agents  in  the  reigns  of  Henry  yill.,  Queen 
Elizabeth,  King  James,  and  the  late  King  Charles.    London :  4to,  pp.  347. 

Sir  Thomas  Hansel,  in  a  letter  to  the  Duke  of  Buckingham,  recommending 
Sir  Thomas  Button,  tells  of  his  "  having  gone  to  Algier,  fireing  the  pyrate  ships 
within  the  Moale,  and  joyning  with  Sir  Richard  Hawkins  in  towing  off  one  of 
the  prizes  becalmed  within  musket-shot  of  the  Moale." 

1656.  Sanson,  N.,  d' Abbeville,  g^ographe  ordinaire  du  Roy. — L'Afrique  en 
ploaears  cartes  nouvelles  et  exactes,  et  en  divers  traictes  de  g^ographie  et  d'his- 
toire,  &c.    Paris :  4to,  no  pagination. 

Of  all  the  countries  he  describes  he  says,  "  Le  royaume  h  Alger  est  aujour- 
d*huy  le  plus  fameux,  ou  plustot  le  plus  infame  qu'il  ait  sur  la  coste  de  Barl^e.'^ 

^  SO.  1657.  A  Book  of  the  Continuation  of  Foreign  Passagee.  That  is 
....  from  General  Blake's  Fleet.  **  The  Turks  in  Algiers  do  consent  to  deliver 
all  the  English  slaves,  and  desire  a  firm  peace."    London :  4to,  pp.  61. 

Thb  pamphlet  contains  many  interesting  documents,  amongst  others  an 
account  of  Oeneral  Blake's  *'  battering  Tunnis  "  and  '*  the  submission  of  the 
Turks  in  Argiers." 

I^Sl.    1657.    HiBtoxie  van  de  Turckische  Slaverie.    Haag:  12mo. 

1.^2.  1657.  Aranda,  Ihnmanuel  d'. — Relation  de  la  captivito  et  liberty  du 
Sieur  £.  A.  jadis  esclave  si  Alger  ou  se  trouvent  plusieurs  particularities  d'Afrique. 
Paris :  12mo ;  another  edition  1665,  pp.  310, 

The  author  was  a  slave  at  Algiers  from  1640  to  1642.  In  the  latter  year  he 
published  an  account  of  his  captivity  in  Spanish,  which  avos  translated  into 
Latin  and  again  into  French,  as  above.  Many  other  editions  have  appeared  in 
various  European  countries,  one  in  English,  1666. 

• 

l>88w  1658.  Petri  de  Quintanillo,  Ord.  Min.— OrnnumXimenii  Virtute  Catholi- 
cum  seu  de  Bello  Africano  a  Cardinali  Ximenio  confecto.     Roma  :  8vo. 

184.  1660.  Belation  de  Voyage  que  le  B.  P.  Heron,  sup^rieur  Ministre 
du  convent  de  la  Saint-Trinity  de  Chasteaubriant  en  Bretagne,  a  fait  en  la  Yille 
d' Alger,  Coste  de  Barbaric,  d'oii  il  a  tir^  57  captiEs  de  la  main  des  Tares,  et 
remis  en  liberty.    Paris :  8vo. 

185.  1660.  Davitz,  Pierre,  Seigneur  de  Montmartin. — Description  g^n^ralc 
d'Afrique,  seconde  partie  du  monde,  avec  tons  ses  Empires,  Royaumes,  l^tats  et 
R^publiques.  Paris,  folio. — Nouvelle  ^tion,  reveue,  corig^e  et  augment^e  par 
Jean  Baptiste  de  Rocolls,  conseiUer  et  aumonier  du  Roy,  et  Historiographe  de  S.M. 

18ft  1661.  A  Copy  of  the  Captive's  Petition.  The  humble  petition  of  divers 
P^'soKis  who  have  suffered  ....  most  miserable  bondage  in  Algeir,  and  other 
Peaces,  under  the  'f'urks.    London  :  s.  sh.  folio  in  British  Museum. 

^7.  1661.  Belaoion  del  Viaje  que  hizo  la  escuadra  que  embiu  el  rcy  de 
^^Slaterra  i  la  ciudad  de  Argel.    Madrid :  folio, 

^^  ^661.  Belaoion  Verdadera  embiada  de  la  ciudad  do  Argel  dando  cucnta 
^  los  Alborotes  y  Midos,  que  aquellos  Barbaros  tienen  entre  si,  eO  muerte  del 
^  ^e  Argel.    Madrid :  folio. 


140  A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

ISO.  1661.  Belaoion  Verdadera  dando  quenta  del  viaje  de  16  dayioi  ^ 
guerra  que  embi6  el  rey  de  Inglaterra  k  la  ciadad  de  Aigel  y  el  suooqmo  <35^ 
tuviroQ.    Madrid:  folio. 

140.  1662.    Buyter,  M.  Az.  de. — Joumael  van  den  manliaften  tocht  o^      ^ 
roovers  van  Barbayren  geschreven.    Amsterdam :  4to. 

141.  1663.  Abtil-FharaJiiiB,  G. — ^Historia  oompendiosa  dynasHanim  (orm-^i^ 
taliom),  anctoro  Georgio  Abul-Pharajio,  hiatoriam  complectens  nnivera^enc^  ^ 
mnndo  condito,  usque  ad  tempera  auctoris  .  .  .  arabice  edita  et  latlne  Tens^  ^ 
Ed.  Poookio,  cum  supplcmento  laiine  conscripta    Ozonin :  2  voL  4to. 

142.  1663.    B.  F.  Heron  de  VillefbBse.— Le  Miroir  de  la  charity  chr^tienngy -m  ^ 
relation  du  voyage  que  les  religieux  de  Tordre  de  N.  D.  de  U  Mercy  de  Fr^^"^ 
ont  faite  Tann^e  derni^re  en  la  ville  d'Alger  d'od  ils  ont  ramen^  enviroa       '^^^ 
centaine  de  chr^tieos  esclaves.    Aix :  12mo. 

143.  1664.    Instruotie  van  dc  Staten  Generael  vor  J.  B.  van  Mortaigne,  Goi 
(jleneral  op  de  Custe  van  Barbaryen  ende  G.  de  Yianen  fiscael  over^  lants^X- 
naer  Algier  ende  Tunis :  4to. 

144.  1664.    Iia  prise  de  rjicUelL    delation  d  M.  le  due  de  Meioceiir^  ^ 

r^rivain  de  la  barque  du  patron  Charles  Etienne  de  Marseille. 

This  curious  document  was  lately  found  by  the  Marquis  de  Cooroeval  jy     -^1°^ 
Bibl.  de  TArsenal,  MS.  vol.  5426,  Fonds  Gonnird,  t.  xvii. 

146.    1665.    Clukstelet  des  Boys,  le  Sieur  R^nd  de,  gentilhomme  ang^^ 
captive  k  Alger  en   1642. — UOdyss^   ou  diversity  d^aventurea,  rencontrpJ 
voyages  en  Europe,  Asie  et  Afrique.    Divis^e  en  quatre  parties.    La  Fldche : 
Part  of  this  work  treats  of  Algiers  under  the  Turkish  domination.    I& 
republished  by  M.  Louis  Piesse,  in  the  *  Revue  Africaine,'  vol.  x.  p.  91  e^ 

146.  1666.    Beoueil  BUstorique  contcnant  diverses  Pieces  curieuses  de  ce 
Cologne :  12mo,  pp.  350. 

The  articles  regarding  Algiers  are : — 

1.  Projet  pour  Tentreprise  d' Alger,  pp.  1-13. — The  writer  recommends 
conquest  of  Algiers  not  only  for  the  benefit  of  France  but  of  all  Christendoi 

3.  Relation  contenant  diverses  particukritez  de  Texp^tion  de  Giger]^ 
Tann^e  1664,  et  entre  autres  la  retraitte  des  trouppes  frangoises  par  M^ 
Castellan,  pp.  26-58. 

147.  1666.    Birago  Avogadro,  J.  B.— Histoiro  Africaine  de  la  diviaocB'  ^ 

Tempire  des  Arabes,  et  de  Porigine,  et  du  progrte  de  la  Monarchic  des  Mahomi^^^^^* 
dans  TAfrique,  et  dans  TEspagne ;  dcritc  en  Italien,  et  mlse  en  Frangais, 
M.  M.  D.  P.  (Michel  de  Pure).    Paris :  12mo. 

Tho  Italian  text  was  published  at  Venice  in  1650 :  4to. 

148.  1669.    A  true  Belation  of  Capt.  Kempthom's  engagement  in 
Mary'Jiose,  with  seven  Algier  men-of-war.    London :  folio,  plate. 

148.    1670.    Belation   gtotode  du  combat  et  de  la  defaite  de  six  corMJ- 
d'Alger,  qui  ont  et6  brdles  sur  les  cotes  de  Barbaric  le  28  aodt,  1670.     Pte  M^^ 
Lieut,  vau  Ghent,  Amiral  d'HoUande,  et  quelques  vaisseaux  de  Tescadre  de 

Allen,  Vice-Arairal  d'Angleterre.    Paris :  4to. 

ii 

160.     1670.    A  true  relation  of  the  victory  and  happy  success  of  a  squadran- 
H.M.  Fleet  in  the  Mediterranean  against  the  Pyrates  of  Algiers.    Taken  as  y^^^^l 
out  of  a  letter  from  Sir  Thomas  Allen,  His  Majesty's  Admiral  in  thoee  seas,  a^    ^ 
from  Sir  WiL  GodolphiU;  H.M.  Envoye  Extraordinary  to  the  court  of  Sp^i^ 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF' ALGERIA.  141 

as  also  from  a  relation  made  by  Heer  van  Ghent,  the  Admiral  of  the  Dutch  fleet, 
who  assisted  in  that  action.    Published  by  Authority. 

:J.51.  1670.  Ogilby,  John. — ^Africa :  being  an  accurate  description  of  the  regions 
of  Egypt,  Barbary,  Lybia,  and  the  Billedulgerid,  &c.  Folio,  maps  iCnd  plates. — ^A 
mere  translation  of  Dapper. — See  No.  168. 

'XS^  1670.  Allen,  Admiral  Sir  Thomas. — A  true  account  of  the  victory  and 
success  of  a  squadron  of  H.M.  Fleet  against  the  Pyrates  of  Algiers.   London :  4to. 

158.  1670.  Breve  relaoion  de  la  general  expulsion  de  loe  Hebreos  de  la  Juderia 
de  la  ciutad  di  Oran,  por  el  Capitan  D.  Luis  Joseph  de  Sotomayor  y  Yalenzuela. 
folio. 

154.  1670.  XiOBado,  Fr.  Gabriel  Qomez  de. — Escuela  de  trabajos,  en  quatro 
libros  dividida ;  primero,  del  cautiveiio  mas  cruel  y  tyranno  ;  segundo,  noticias  y 
goviemo  de  Argel ;  tercero,  necessitad  y  conveniencia  de  la  redencion  de  cautivos 
cristianos ;  quarto,  el  mejor  cautivo  rescatado.    Madrid :  12mo. 

Historia  d'Argel,  con  la  vida  del  Martyr  Fr.  Pedro  Pasqual  de  Valencia. 

Madrid:  4to. 

IGS.  1670.  The  adventures  of  T.  8.,  an  English  merchant  taken  prisoner  by 
the  Turkes  at  Argiers  and  carried  into  the  inland  coimtries  of  Africa ;  written 
by  the  author,  and  fitted  for  the  public  view  by  A  Roberts.    London :  12mo. 

'XSS.  1670.  Hyeronimua,  a  Portuguese  Jesuit. — Bericht  von  der  wahr  Beschaf- 
fenheit  des  Mohrenlandes.    Nuremberg. 

X57.  1671.  Spragge,  Sir  Edward. — A  fine  and  x^crfect  relation  of  the  happy 
Boccesse  and  victory  obtained  against  the  Turks  at  Bugia  by  H.M.  Fleet  in  the 
Mediterranean  under  the  command  of  Sir  E.  Spragge.    London :  folio. 

X5a  1671.  Balthorpe,  L — The  Streights  Voyage,  or  St.  David's  Poem ;  con- 
cerning an  expedition  to  Algiers.    London :  12mo. 

This  IS  a  quaint  account  in  doggerel  verse  of  the  expedition  i^inst  Algiers 
in  1669,  under  the  command  of  Sir  Thomas  Allen ;  the  writer  was  on  board  the 
SL  David,  bearing  the  flag  of  Hear- Admiral  Sir  John  Harman ;  Balthorpe  had 
himself  passed  a  year  and  a  half  in  captivity. 

X68a.  1671.  Guevara,  Iiiiis  Velez  de. — La  conquista  de  Oran.  Gomedia 
iamosa.    Madrid :  4to. — See  Comedias  Yarias,  t.  xxxv. 

X59.  1671.  Erzahlung  der  Heise  des  bischop  von  Beryte  nach  Algier  durch 
Syrien,  Arabien,  Persien,  &c.    Leipzig  :  4to,  plates. 

^60.  1671.  Hartman. — ^Descriptiolocorum  in  prima  expeditione  adversusTurcos 
Algerenses  observatorum  a  Mayo  1669  ad  Aprilem  1671.  In  verse.  Londini : 
12mo. 

161.  1672.  De  Carolis,  D. — II  More  transportato  in  Venezia,  overo  curioso 
racconto  de  costumi,  riti  et  religione  dei  populo  dell'  Africa,  &c.  Beggio :  8vo ; 
Bologna,  1674. 

162.  1672.  Blome,  B. — ^A  description  of  the  Island  of  Jamaica  .  .  •  with  the 
State  of  Algiers,  12mo.  Another  edition,  8vo,  1678,  with  the  following  title : — 
A  description  of  the  IsUnd  of  Jamaica  ...  to  which  is  added  The  Present 
State  of  Alters  in  the  Year  1678 ;  also  a  list  of  the  ships  belonging  to  the  port, 
with  separate  pagination,  1  to  17. 

168.  1674.  Ii'henreux  esdave,  ou  Relation  des  aventures  du  Sieur  de  la 
Martini^  en  Barbaric.    Paris :  12mo. 

164.    1675.    Cinquecento  schiavi  christiani  redenti  in  Algieri.    Eoma:  4to. 


rca  iA^^^H 


^ 


lee.  1675.  Okeley,  WUliam.— Elwnezor :  or  a  Bmall  moniiraeot  of  great 
mercy,  appearing  in  the  iniraculouo  deliTcranco  of  William  Okeley,  William 
Adams,  John  Astbouy,  John  Jepbs,  aod  Joim  Carpenter,  from  the  miserable 
slavery  of  Algiera,  with  n  further  narrative  of  Jamca  Deaoe  nod  otbcTB. 

W.  Okeley  was  steward  or  bailiff  to  the  aaceators  of  Sir  Danrers  Ogbonrn 
CliickaoD,  ia  Bvdfordsbire.    Ue  and  his  companions  escaped  to  Majorca 
caavBS  bi»t.     This   work   was  reproduced  in  Earria's  Collection  of 
(No.  210),  vol.  ii.,  appendix,  p.  IG,  and  iu  various  other  farms. 
186.    167S.    Bocqueville,  Siour  do. — Koiation  des  m^urs  et  du  gouvei 
tlee  TurcK  d'AIger,     Pnria  :  12ino. 

The  author  was  of  goud  Proven<;al  family,  nnd  jtasscd  nine  years  ia  Blavetf 
At  Algiers. 

167.  1676.  The  proBont  state  of  Tangier,  iu  a  kttcv  signed  P.  G.  to  the  Lord 
Chancellor  of  Irel^md  ....  to  which  is  added,  The  Preaent  State  of  Aitfitra. 
London  ;  I2ido. 

168.  1670.  Sapper,  O. — Naukerige  Beschryvinge  der  AfrikaenBcben  Gewesten 
van  Egypten,  Barbarycn,  Lybieo,  Biledulgered,  Negroslant,  Guinea,  Ethiopia. 
Abysainic.    Amsierdam:  folio.    French  translation  publisbed  1G86,  feliu. 

lee.  1678.  B^oit  veritable  de  ce  qui  s'est  passfe  dans  le  rachapt  de  captifs 
qu'ont  fait  lea  religieux  de  N.  D.  dc  Ea  Mercy,  dans  la  viUo  d' Alger,  en  Uarbsmit 
[x^ndanl  lea  mois  d'Avril  et  de  Mai  1(178.     I'aria ;  4to, 

170.  1679.  Schelshate,  Q.  Emm.  A. — Kcclesia  Africana  eub  primate 
flioenai.  Parisiis;  410,  pp.  328.  Another  edition  was  publishol  in  the  sa 
at  Antwerp, 

171.  16B0.  Iiett«r  from  the  King  of  Morocco  to  Charles  I.  for  the  reducing  of 
Sally,  Ategiers,  ic.     London :  folio. 

172.  1680.  Tha  case  of  many  hundreds  of  )x»r  English  Captives  in  Algiar, 
together  with  some  remedies  to  prevent  their  increase,  humbly  preseotetl  to  both 
HouBea  of  Parliament.    Ijoadon :  folio. 

173.  1680.  The  Algier  Slave's  relettsment,  or  the  uncliaogeable  Boat-Waio. 
A  Ballad  in  broadsidu  folio.    B.E.    Londou,  iu  British  Museum. 

174.  1<)81.  List  of  the  Xhiglish  redeemed  out  of  Slavcrj-  by  the  taking  of  the 
Golden  Horse  of  Argier,    London;  folio. 

176.  1682.  Addison,  L.,  DJ).— The  present  stal«  of  the  Jew» 
contained  an  exact  account  of  their  customs,  secular  and  religious 
annexed  a  summary  discourse  of  the  Misna,  Talmud  and  Gema 
London:  12mo,  pp.  248.  The  1st  ed.  was  publisbed  1675,  8v 
167C,  12mo. 

The  book  is  the  result  of  the  author's  "  Conversalion  which  for  seveml  yea 
[he]  held  with  the  Jews  in  Barbary,  who  are  the  aubjeciB  of  the  folloniog  1 
remarks." 

176.  1682.  Treat?  between  Greet  Britain  and  Algiers,  signed  by  AdminU  H«rta 
and  the  Dcy,  10th  April— See  Hertslet'a  Treaties,  vol.  i.  p.  68. 

177.  1634.    The  speech  of  Hadji  Giafer  Aga,  Ambassador  from  the  Divi 
Algicr  to  His  Most  Christian  Majesty  at  Versailles  (July  4lh,  1684),  t 
with  the  French  King's  answer.     London  :  s.  sli.  folio. 

178.  1G84.    Historie  van  Bai-baryen  en  dcrzells  zeerovere,  Ac.    A  BntJ 
tranklation  of  the  work  of  P^re  Don,  translated  by  G.  de  Brocckbuysen  ■ 
i^.  de  Tries.    Amsterdam  :  folio,  plate. 


o  which  is 
.      3rd  cd. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  ALGERIA.  143 

1684.  Articles  de  la  Pais  aooord^  au  nom  da  Roi  par  le  Chevalier  de 
^r*oiirville  an  Bacba,  Dejr,  Divan  et  Milioe  d'Alger. 

This  18  cited  amongst  the  "  Nonveauties "  in  the  *  Journal  des  Savans/ 
1684,  p.  209. 

1685.  Marana,  Jean  FauL-— Dialogo  fra  Genova  et  Algieri,  citt&  fulminate 
d^  Giove  Gallioo.  Amsterdam :  8vo.  Also  a  French  version,  Dialogue  de  GSoes 
et  ^Iger,  villes  foudroyi^s  par  les  armes  .  • .  de  Louis  le  Grand.    Amsterdam :  12mo. 

181.  1685.    Pliny.— See  Shaw,  No.  247. 

182.  1686.  Booqueville,  Sienr  de. — Relation  du  Royaume  et  du  Gouvemement 
d^^^^lger.     Paris:  8vo. 

188.  1686.  Treaty  between  Great  Britain  and  Algiers,  signed  by  Sir  William 
Sloane,  Bart.,  and  the  Dey,  6th  April. — See  Hertslet's  Treaties,  vol.  i.  p.  66. 

184.  1686.  St.  Augustine,  Les  Confessions  de  •  •  .  Traduction  nouvelle  Fur 
r^dmtion  laiine  des  Pdres  B^o^ictins  de  la  Congr^tion  de  St.  Maur.  Paris. — See 
also  No.  203. 

A  modem  cheap  edition  was  published  by  J.  Parker  &  Co.  in  1868,  The 

Coxi.fe8BioDs  of  St.  Augustine.    Oxford  and  London :  12mo,  pp.  248. 

185.  1686.  Coppin,  Jean. — Le  Bouclier  de  TEurope,  ou  la  Guerre  Sainte,  con- 
tenant  des  avis  .  .  .  qui  peuvent  servir  de  lumidre  aux  Rois  . .  •  de  la  Chretien t6 
pc^xxr  guarantir  Icurs  ^tats  des  incursions  des  Turcs  .  .  .  avec  une  relation  dc 
^  o^ages  fails  dans  la  Turquie,  la  Thebaide  et  la  Barbaric.    Lyon :  4  to. 

186.  1688.  De  la  Croix,  lie  Sieur. — Relation  universelie  de  TAfrique,  Ancienne 
et  IModeme,  ou  Ton  voit  ce  qu^l  y  a  de  remarquable,  tant  dans  la  terre  ferme  que 
^1^8  les  isles,  avec  ce  que  le  Roi  a  fait  de  memorable  centre  les  corsaires  de 
^^^^liarie,  &c.  Tomes  4.  Lyon :  12mo. — See  also  Journal  des  Savans,  1689, 
P-  13L    Also  Noe.  188,  202. 

187.  1683.  Xietter  from  Ismail  Pacha  to  Louis  XIY.  Communicated  by  M. 
F^i^ud,  French  Minister  in  Morocco,  and  published  in  the  Revue  Africaine, 
^o.  163,  Jan.  and  Feb.  1884,  p.  68. 

The  author  was  Pasha  of  Algiers  in  1660,  expelled  by  Mezzomorto  in  1686, 
brought  back  by  the  French  Ambassador  in  1688,  but  he  was  not  allowed  to 
l^nd.  He  then  proceeded  to  Morocco,  where  he  died  shortly  after  the  events 
>^eoorded  in  this  letter. 

1688.  Petit  de  la  Croix. — Relation  Universelie  de  TAfrique  Ancienne  et 
Modeme.    Lyon :  4  vol.  8vo.— See  Nos.  186,  202. 

1688.  Fr^os*  Boland. — Voyage  into  Mauritania.  Translated  from  the 
^"^nch.    London:  8vo. 

^^^  1689.  Histoire  des  demieres  Revolutions  de  Tunis  et  des  Mouvemens 
^^  Royaume  d'Alger.  Paris :  12mo,  pp.  378. — See  also  Journal  des  Savans,  1689, 
P-  4:17.    Another  edition  in  1713. 

^^^*       1689.    Seltsame  Begebenheiten  Thomas  Skinner,  eines  englischen  Eauf- 
^^i^^^^^oes,  welcher  von  den  Algierischen  sceraubem  zum  sklaven  gemacht  und  in 
inwendige  land  von  Africa  geftihrt  worden.    Sultzbach :  4to. 

1689.  Roberts,  A. — Historic  der  Neu  gefundenen  Vdlcker  Sevarambes  gen. 
I^*  Die  seltzamen  Begebenheiten  Herm  F.  S[iden]  engl  Eauff  Herr:  welcher 
-vot^  den  algier.  See-Raubern  zum  Sclaven  gemacht  und  in  d.  inwendige  Land  von 

Africa  gefEibret  worden.    M.  Beschreibg.  v.  Algier.    Sultzbach.    M.  Frontisp.  u. 
1-^  Kpfrn.  4.  cart. 

^OL.  II.  L 


144  A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OK  ALGERIA. 

188.    1689.    Extrait  d'une  lettare  esorite  d'Algier,  le  94  Avril,  1668,  oq 

the  terms  of  peace  between  Franoe  and  Alg;ier8.    Amsterdam :  4to. 

184.  1690.  Sylveeter,  M.  F.  A. — Fundacion  historica  de  los  ospitales  que  la 
religion  de  la  Santa  Trinidad,  redempcion  de  cautivos  tiene  en  la  ciutad  de  Argel, 
con  la  descripcion  de  esta  ciutad.    Madrid :  4to. 

186.  1690.  Iieydeoker.  Melohior. — Historia  Eccleain  AfricansB.'  Utrecht  and 
Leipzig:  4to. 

186.  1693.  Brooks,  Francis. — Barbarian  Cruelty,  being  a  true  history  of  the 
distressed  condition  of  the  Christian  Captives  under  the  tynumy  c^  Molly 
Ishmail,  Emperor  of  Morocco  .  .  .  likewise  a  particular  account  of  his  late  wbtb 
with  the  Algerines.    London :  12mo,  pp.  118. 

187.  1694.  Sdhauplatz  barbarischer  Slaverey,  oder,  Ton  Algier,  Tripoli,  Tunis 
und  Sale.    Hamburg :  8vo. 

186.  1694.  Iiagrange,  Jos.  de  Chanoel  de. — ^Adherbal,  Hoi  de  Numi^Be.  A 
tragedy  in  5  acts  and  in  verse,  Paris.  Another  edition,  published  at  Amsterdam 
in  1702,  12mo.  Subsequent  editions  have  been  published  under  the  title  of 
•  Jugurtha.* 

188.  1696.  BavenTiatifl  anonym!  CkMnnographla.— See  App.  to  Shay,  No.  247. 
Also  Ravennatis  anonymi  Cosmographia  et  Guidonis  Greographioa.  £dd.  Pender 
et  Parthey,  .Berolini :  1860. 

200.  1698.    Soylax.— See  App.  to  Shaw. 

201.  1698-1700.    GeographisB  Veteris  Soriptores  Grseci  Minores,  cum 

interpretatione  Latina.  £dd.  J.  Hudson,  Oxon.  Two  vol.  In  vol.  i.  are  Hoxmonis 
Periplus  and  Scy lacis  Periplus ;  and  in  voL  ii.  Strabonis  Epitome. 

202.  1698.  De  la  Croix. — Eelation  univcrsellc  de  TAfrique,  ancienne  et  modeme. 
Lyon :  4  vol.  12mo.— See  Nos.  186,  188. 

A  work  complete  in  its  time.    He  mentions  that  the  plain  of  the  "  Motygie** 
(j^Ietidja)  produces  two  or  three  croiis  of  cereals  every  year ! 

208.  1700.  Sancti  Aurelii  Augnistini  Hipponensis  Episcopi  Operum. 
Antwerpias :  2  vol.  folio. — See  also  No.  184. 

204.  1700.  Treaty  between  Great  Britain  and  Algiers,  signed  by  Capt.  Monden, 
R.N.,  and  Consul  Cole,  17  Aug. — See  Hertslet's  Treaties,  vol.  i.  p.  72.  Also 
another  signed  by  the  same,  28  Oct.,  1703. 

206.    1703.    £tat  des  Boyaumes  de  Barbarie,  Tripoly,  Tunis  et  Alger. — 

Contenant  I'histoiro  naturelle  et  }^litique  de  ces  pays :  la  mani^re  dont  les  Tuns 
y  traitent  les  esclaves  et  comme  on  les  rach6te ;  avec  la  tradition  de  TEglise  pour 
le  rachat  et  le  soulagement  des  captifs.  I^ouen :  1703, 12mo,  pp.  413.  La  Haye : 
1704, 12mo.    Another  edition,  Rouen,  1731. 

206.  1703.  Busnot,  Dominique. — La  Tradition  de  I'Gglise  dans  le  soulagement 
ou  le  rachat  des  esclaves.    Bouen :  18mo. 

207.  1704-1747.  Churohill's  Collection  of  Voyages  and  Travels.  London: 
fol.  8  vol.  Contains  vol.  iii.  p.  154,  Sir  William  Monson's  Naval  Tracts  in 
six  books. 

208.  In  book  ii.  is  a  ^  Consultation  before  the  Lords  of  the  Council  in  1617  as  to 
how  the  pirates  of  Argiers  may  be  suppressed.  The  danger  and  uncertainty  in 
surprizing  Argiers.  The  ill-managed  enterprise  upon  Argiers  in  the  reign  of 
Kiog  James." 


A  BIBUOGRAPHV  OF  ALGERIA.  145 

Yol.  vii.  ooDtains  an  account  of  the  captivity  of  William  Davis,  with  a 
deflcription  of  Algiers,  and  of  the  seven  years'  slavery  of  Richard  Knight  there. 

1705.  Harria,  John,  AJC — ^Navigantium  atque  Itinerantiom  Bibliotheca, 
a  oonopletc  collection  of  voyages  and  travels,  consisting  of  above  four  hundred  of 
3  most  authentic  writers ;  bc^nning  with  Hackluit,  Purchas,  &o.,  in  English ; 
:^^4imu8io  in  Italian ;  Thevenot,  ^.,  in  French ;  De  Bry  and  Grynei  Novus  Orbis 
Latin ;  the  Dutch  East  India  Company  in  Dutch ;  and  continued  with  others  of 
te,  ftc,  &0.    London :  2  vol.  folio,  pp.  862,  928,  and  [App.]  56. 

Book  iii.  cba;p,  iv.  contains  John  Leo*s  Description  of  the  Kingdom  of 
Tremesan  [Tlem^en],  with  additions  from  MarmoL  In  chap.  xii.  there  is  a 
DeMripCion  of  Algier  .  .  .  taken  from  Nicholas  Nioolay.  Chap.  xiii.  contains 
An  Aoconnt  of  the  English  fleet  sent  against  the  Algerines  under  Sir  U.  Mansel 
(1620-21).  Chap.  xiv.  contains  A  Relation  of  the  taking  and  recovering  of 
English  ships ;  and  in  the  appendix  is  the  remarkable  story  of  William  Okeley 
and  hia  companions,  see  No.  165. 

•  1712.  Cervantes  Baavedra,  Miguel  de. — ^The  history  of  the  renowned 
n  Quixote  de  la  Mancha,  translated  from  the  original  by  several  hands,  and 
X^xxblislied  by  Peter  Motteux.  Adorned  with  sculptures.  3rd  ed.  London: 
-i:  vol.  12mo,  pp.  1822. 

The  "account  of  the  author"  says  that  "he  had  been  many  years  a 
soldier,  and  five  a  captive." 


1710?    8taat  von  d.  Kdnigreiohe  Algier  in  Afrika..  Without  place  or 
^l^te.     View  of  Algiers. 


1713.    Traotaet  tusschen  Haer  Hoog  Mog.  de  Heeren  Staten  Generael  der 

^ereenighde  Nederlanden  ende  de  Begeeringe  van  Algiers.    In*s  Gravenhage :  4to, 

Pp.14. 

^X4.     1713.     Buinait  Thierrl  Acta  Frimorum  Martyrum  sincera  et  selecta 

«x  libris  cum  editis  tum  manuscriptis  collecta,  &c    Amsterdami :  fol.    Various 

other  editions  and  translations  have  been  published,  the  latest  at  Madrid,  in 

Spanish,  1864. 

^16.  1716.  Treaty  between  Great  Britain  and  Algiers,  signed  by  Captain 
Norbuiyy  s.n.»  Captain  Eaton,  B.N.,  and  Consul  T.  Thompson.  29th  Oct.,  1716. 
- — See  Hert8let*s  Treaties,  vol.  i.  p.  75. 

^B.     1718.    The  Levant  Company  of  Merchants,  Case  of.    London :  folio. — 
See  alio  Historical  View  of  the  conduct  and  proceedings  of  the  Levant  Company. 
Lcmdon :  folio,  1753.    And  An  Account  of  the  Levant  Company,  by  John  Wal^ 
Lozidon :  8vo,  1825. 

The  first  charter  of  the  Company  was  granted  in  1581,  and  Mr.  Harebome 
^^^rss  sent  out  as  ambassador  to  Constantinople.  He  appointed  Mr.  John  Tipton 
first  Consul  at  Algiers. — See  No.  38. 

^IT.  172L  CkmieUn,  Franois.— De  I'ordre  de  la  Sainte-Trinit^  (les  Mathnrins). 
V^o^age  pour  la  redemption  des  Captifs  aux  Royaumes  d'Algcr  et  de  Tunis,  fait 
<^    :i720.    Paris :  16mo,  pp.  306.    Also  in  1725  an  English  translation,  viz.— 

^1^  Ckimelin,  Fran:  Philemon  de  la  Motte,  and  Jos.  Bernard  (Matburin- 
^■■■^^tarian  Fathers). — Voyage  to  Barbary  for  the  Redemption  of  Captives  in 
^^20.  With  lists  of  more  than  400  slaves  ransomed  from  Mequinez,  also  exact 
^^"c^vghts  of  that  place,  Alcasar,  Gran,  and  its  neighbourhood.    London :  8vo. 

219«      1722.    Sewel,  Willem. — ^The  history  of  the  rise,  increase,  and  progress  of 
t^e  Christian  i)eople  called  Quakers,  intsrmixed  with  several  remarkable  occar- 

L  2 


146  A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

renoes.    Written  originally  in  Low  Dutch  by  William  Sewel,  and  by  himaelf 
translated  into  English.    London :  fol.,  pp.  723. 

Pp.  392-7  narrate  the  capture  by  ^  a  pyrate  of  Algiers,"  and  recovery  by 

the  crew,  of  a  Quaker  ship.     *'  G.  Fox  writ  a  book  to  the  King  of  Algiers  "  to 

prove  slavery  unlawful  by  the  Koran. 

220.  1725.  liaugier  de  Tassy,  ]ESr.— Histoire  du  Royaume  d*Alger.  Amster- 
dam :  12mo,  maps. 

The  author  was  Commissionnaire  de  la  Marine  for  the  King  of  Spain  in 
Holland.  His  work  was  pirated  in  English  by  Morgan  in  1728  and  1760, 
see  Nos.  226  and  257,  and  it  has  been  translated  into  several  other  languages. 

It  was  also  pirated  in  French,'  Etat  G^n^ralet  particulier  du  Royaume  et  de 
la  ville  d* Alger,  et  de  son  gouvemement,  &c.*  La  Haye :  1750, 12mo. — See 
No.  265.  A  new  edition  of  the  original  work  was  published  in  1732  under  the 
title :  '  £tat  d'esclavage  des  Chretiens  au  Royaume  d 'Alger  aveo  celui  de  son 
gouvemement,  &c'  Amsterdam  :  8vo,  pp.  390.  The  author  copies  freely  from 
MarmoL  A  Spanish  edition  was  published  at  Barcelona  in  1733,  pp.  340,  with 
maps  and  view  of  Algiers. 

221.  1725.    Memoires  du  Chevalier  d'Arvieuz.    Paris :  6  voL  12mo. 

He  was  sent  to  settle  the  disputes  which  had  arisen  between  the  Grovemor 
and  other  officials  at  the  Bastion  de  France,  and  was  also  named  French  Oonsnl 
at  Algiers,  where  he  arrived  in  1674. 

222.  1726.  Relation  du  Voyage  pour  la  r^emption  des  Captifs  anx  Royaomea 
de  Maroc  et  d'Alger  pendant  les  ann^es  1723,  1724  et  1725,  par  les  PP.  Jean 
de  la  Faye,  D.  Mackar,  A.  d'Arcisas  et  H.  Le  Roy.  Paris :  12mo,  pp.  364,  written 
by  C.  Ii.  Maaaao.    The  portion  relating  to  Algiers  is  only  from  p.  336  to  352. 

228.    1726.    Brazen  la  Martini^re. — Le  Grand  Dictionnaire  C^dographique  et 
Critique.    A  la  Haye,  Amsterdam,  Rotterdam :  folio. 
Vol.  L  contains  an  account  of  Algiers,  pp.  224-31. 

224.  1737.  Charlea  VI.,  Empereur. — Ck)ples  des  Articles  conclus  au  nom  de 
sa  Miyest^  lmp4riale  .  .  .  et  de  la  Rdgence  d'Alger  .  .  .  au  sujet  de  la  navigation, 
&c*    4to« 

226.  1728.  Morgan,  J. — History  of  Algiers,' to  which  is  prefixed  an  epitome 
of  the  General  History  of  Barbery  from  the  earliest  times.  London:  4to, 
pp.  zix.  and  680. 

This  is  a  mere  translation  of  the  work  of  Laugier  de  Tassy,  see  No.  220. 

226.  1729.  Thou,  J.  A.  de. — History  of  his  own  time.  Translated  from  the 
Geneva  edition  of  1620,  by  Bernard  Wilson,  A.M.,  Vicar  of  Newark-upon-Trent, 
and  Prebendary  of  Lincoln.    London :  2  vol.  folio,  pp.  699  and  568. 

Books  Vll.  and  XX.  give  an  account  of  the  affairs  of  Africa — Fez,  Morocco^ 
Tremezen,  and  Tunis,  and  descent  of  the  Turks  on  Africa,  at  Tripoli,  in  the 
53rd  year  of  that  century  [sixteenth].  Bua9on,  brother  of  the  King  of  Fez» 
having  made  a  descent  with  Portuguese  help  on  Alhazemas,  his  ships  were 
attacked  by  "  Sala  Rous,  Governor  of  Algiers,  in  the  name  of  Soliman,  Empax)r 
of  the  Turks."  Afterwards  Bua9on  goes  to  Algiers,  and  Sala  Rous  becomes  his 
ally  against  Fez. 

227.  1729.  Treaty  between  Great  Britain  and  Algiers,  signed  by  Adnural 
Cavendish  and  the  Dey,  18th  March,  1729.— See  Hertslet's  Treaties,  vol.  i. 
p.  78. 

228.  1730.    Villotte»  le  F^re  Jaoque,  Je&ait  Missionary.— Voyage  d'an  Mis- 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  147 

sionnaire  de  la  Compagnie  de  Jesus  en  Turquie,  en  Perse,  en  Armdaie,  en  Arable, 
et  en  Barbarie.    Paris :  12mo,  pp.  647. 

The  writer  finished  his  voyages  by  proceeding  along  the  coast  of  Africa,  from 
the  SyrUs  to  Bone,  whence  he  proceeded  to  Marseilles. 

&88.  1731.  Oodefroy,  les  F.F. — ]£tat  des  Royanmes  de  Barbarie,  Tripoly, 
Tunis  et  Alger;  contenant  I'histoire politique  etnaturelle  de  cespats — La  mani^re 
dont  les  Turcs  y  traitent  les  esclaves,  oomnie  on  les  rachdte  et  diverses  aventores 
curienses — Avec  la  tradition  de  £glise  pour  le  rachat  des  captifs.    Bouen :  12mo. 

290.  1732.  Bapin  de  Thoyras,  P.  de. — ^The  History  of  England  written  in 
French  by  Mr.  Rapin  de  Thoyras,  translated  into  English,  with  additional  notes, 
by  N.  Tindal,  M.A.,  Yicar  of  Qreat  Waltham  in  Essex.  London :  2  yoL  folio, 
pp.  849  and  807. 

Vol.  iL  p.  636,  Algerines  commit  depredations  on  English  and  Dutch  ships 
(1661-4).  Neither  Lawson  nor  Buyter  have  much  success  against  them 
(1664).    P.  163,  Sir  T.  Allen  forced  the  Algerines  to  a  peace. 

'SSI.    1732.    BofteliuB,  Ch. — ^Historisk  och  poUtisk  Beskrifhing.    Stockholm: 

4ta 

This  IS  a  history  of  Algiers  from  1516  to  1732. 

1732.  Morgan,  Joseph. — A  compleat  history  of  the  Present  Seat  of  War 
in  Africa  between  the  Spaniards  and  the  Algerines,  giving  a  full  and  exact 
account  of  Oran  and  Al-Marsa  al-kebir.  With  a  new  map  of  the  Kingdom  of 
Algiers.    London :  pp.  140  (erroneously  dated  m.d.c.xxxii.). 

With  this  is  bound  up,  separate  pagination  1-38,  The  Spanish  Conquest, 
or  a  journal  of  their  late  expedition,  from  their  first  preparation  to  their 
embarkation,  and  from  thence  to  the  taking  of  Oran  and  the  surrender  of 
Mazalquivir. 

1732.  Belaoion  de  lo  acaeddo  en  la  navigacion  de  la  Armada  que  se 
congreg6  en  la  Bahia  de  Alicante  y  de  los  gloriosos  progresos  del  ex^rcito  del  Bey 
en  la  conquista  6  restauracion  de  la  plaza  de  Ordn  en  Africa  en  los  dias  29  y  30  de 
junio  y  1  de  julio  de  este  afio.    s.l. :  4to,  pp.  8. 

An  Italian  version  published  at  Florence  in  the  same  year. 

S88.  1733.  Moiudeiir  *  *  *. — ^Histoire  de  TEmpire  des  Cherifs  en  Afrique — Sa 
Description  G^graphique  et  Historique — La  relation  de  la  prise  d'Oran  par 
Philippe  Y.,  Boy  d*Espagne— Avec  Tabr^^  de  la  Vie  de  Monsieur  de  Santa 
Crux,  cy-devant  Ambassadeur  en  France,  et  Gouverneur  d*Oran  depuis  la  prise  de 
oette  Yille,  orn^  d *un  plan  tr^s  exsct  de  la  Ville  d'Oran  et  d*une  Carte  de 
rEmpire  des  Cherifs.  Paris :  12mo,  pp.  346  and  163.  (Attributed  to L'Abbe  Boulet .) 

1733.  Hebenstreit,  J.  £. — De  Antiquitatibus  Bomanis  per  Africam 
repertis.    Leipzig:  4to. 

1733.  Clariana,  Don  Antonio,  Chevalier  of  the  Order  of  St.  John, 
published  in  Madrid  a  translation  of  Laugier  de  Tassy's  '  Histoire  du  Boyaume 
d'Alger '  (No.  220).  In  a  supplementary  chapter,  No.  12,  he  gives  an  interesting 
account  of  the  re-capture  of  Oran  by  the  Spaniards  in  1732,  under  the  Comte  de 
Hontemar. — See  Berbrugger,  Bev.  Afr.,  vol.  viii.  p.  12. 

1733.  Iiambreohta,  M. — Joumael  gehouden  in  's  lands  schip  van  oorloge 
Waatervliedt,  Kapt.  D.  Boos,  in  de  jaren  van  1733  en  44. 

Handschrift  van  66  pp.  folio,  Zeer  interessant  dagboek  eener  reis  naar 
Algiers,  geschreven  door  den  2*°  kommandant  dier  expeditie. 


148  A  BIBUOORAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

287.  1734.  Beoueil  de  ICandements  de  Nosaeigneon  les  Evdques  en  fkveur- 
de  la  R^emption  des  Captifs.    Toura :  Idmo,  pp.  72. 

288.  1735.    Antonini  August!  Itinerario. — Bee  Appendix  to  Shaw,  No.  247. 

289.  1735.  Morgan,  J. — Journal  of  the  Spanish  Expedition  to  Oran. — Voyage 
of  the  Mathurin  Fathers  to  Algiers  and  Tunis  for  the  BedemptioQ  of  Oaptivea  in 
1720.    London:  8vo. 

240.  1735.  D'Arvieuz.  lie  Chevalier,  Consul  d'Alep,  d'Alger,et  de  Tripoli— 
M^moires  de . . . .  mis  en  ordre  par  le  R.  P.  Jean-Baptiste  Labat»  de  TondiB  des- 
Fr^res  Prdcheurs.    Paris :  6  vol.  12ma 

This  contains  a  description  of  Algiers  and  its  environsy  with  observaUooa  on 
the  customs  of  the  people  and  the  government  of  the  place.— See  also  Joomal 
des  Savans,  1735,  p.  205. 

241.  1736.  lie  B07. — l^tat  G^n^ral  du  royaume  et  de  la  ville  d'Alger.  La. 
Haye :  16mo.    Another  edition  in  Paris,  1750^  ^.  231. 

242.  1736.  Boyde,  Henry. — Several  Voyages  to  Barbary,  containing  an  historictl 
and  geographical  account  of  the  country,  with  the  hardships,  sufferings  and 
manner  of  redeeming  Christian  slaves.  Appendix :  The  History,  ancient  and 
modem,  of  Oran  and  Al  Marsa.  2  pt.  London :  8vo,  pp.  146  and  158,  plates  and 
maps.    A  plagiarism  from  the  works  of  the  IMnitarian  Fathers. 

248.    1737.    BefteliuB,  CarL — Historisk  ooh  politisk  Beskrifning  ofwer  Riket 
och  Setaden  Algier,  &c,    Stockholm  :  2  pts.  in  1  vol.  4to. 
This  embraces  the  history  of  Algiers  from  1516  to  1732. 

244.  1737.    BouBseaux. — A  ventures  de  Dona  Inds  de  la  Cistemas,  qui  d^esclave  . 
a  Alger  en  devint  la  Souveraine.    Utrecht :  12mo. 

245.  1737.  Brooks,  F. — Navigation  fait  en  Barbaric,  contenant  diverses  choses- 
curieuses,  et  de  quelle  maniere  il  fut  pris  sur  mer  par  trahison  et  men^  en  esclavage». 
les  aventnres  qu*il  y  a  eues  ct  comment,  nprte  dix  ann^es  de  servitude,  11  s^^chappa^ 
Autrecht,  1737 :  8vo,  pp.  76.— See  No.  196. 

246.  1738.  Pitts,  Joseph,  of  Exon. — A  faithful  account  of  the  Religion  and 
Manners  of  the  Mahometans,  in  which  is  a  particular  relation  ...  of  Algier  and 
the  country  adjacent, .  . .  with  an  account  of  the  author's  being  taken  captive^ 
the  Turks'  cruelty  to  him,  and  of  his  escape.    London :  12mo,  pp.  259. 

247.  1738.  Shaw,  Thomas,  d.d.,  f.b.8.,  Fellow  of  Queen's  College,  Oxford. — 
Travels  and  Observations  relating  to  several  parts  of  Barbary  and  the  Levant. 
Oxford :  folio,  pp.  xv.,  442,  60 ;  second  edition,  4to. 

Dr.  Shaw  was  chaplain  to  the  Consulate  at  Algiers.  This  is  one  of  the  most 
valuable  works  ever  written  on  North  Africa. — See  •  Quarterly  Review,'  vol.  xcix. 
p.  331. 

In  an  Appendix  he  gives : — Sylloge  excerptorum  ex  veteribus  Geographia 
Historicis,  &c.,  or  a  collection  of  such  extracts  from  the  old  Geographers,  His- 
torians, &c.,  as  chiefly  relate  to  that  part  of  Africa  or  Barbary  known  by  the 
name  of  the  Kingdom  of  Algiers  and  Tunis,  as  follows :  — Horodoti  Hiator., 
Libro  iv.,  Lug.  Bat.  1715.  Scylacis  Caryandensis  Periplo,  Oxon.  1698. 
Strabonis  Rerum  Geographicas,  Libris  ii.  and  xvii.,  Amst.  1619.  CI.  Ptolemsi 
Geographiae,  Libri  iv.  and  viii.,  Amst.  1619.  Pomponio  Mela,  De  Situ  Orbis^ 
Isca)  Dumnon.,  1711.  C.  Plinii  Secundi  Hist  Naturalis,  Libro  v..  Par.  1685. 
J.  Solini  Polyhistore,  Traj.  ad  Rhen.  1685.  Antonini  Aug.  Itinerario,  Lug*. 
Bat.  1738.  uEthici  Cosmographia,  Lug.  Bat.  1696.  J.  Honorii  Oratoria 
excerptis,  ibid.      Sexti  Rufi  Breviario  Hist.  Romanse,  Hanov.  1611.     Fanli 


A  BIBIJOGRAPHY  OF  ALGEiUA.  149 

Orosii  adversus  Paganos  Histpria,  Col.  1582.  Martiani  Mine!  Felicia  Capella 
de  Naptiis  Philosophisd,  Lib.  vi.,  Bas.  1577.  Isidori  Hispalensis  Originum, 
lib.  xiv.,  ibid.  Collatione  Carthaginensi,  Notitia  Episcoporum  Africse  sub 
Hunerico,  Goncilio  Garthaginensi  sub  Cypriano,  &c. ;  sive  Kotitia  omnium 
Episoopatuam  Eoclesi®  Alricanas ;  quas  praefi^^itur  S.  Optuli  de  Schism.  Dona- 
tistarom,  Libris  septem,  opera  et  studio  M.  Lud.  Ell.  Du  Pin,  Antuer.  1702. 
Notitia  ntraque  Dignitatum  cum  Orientis  tum  Oocidentis,  ultra  Arcadii  Hono- 
liique  teropora,  Lugd.  1608.  Bavenate  anonymo,  Amst.  1696.  Tabula 
Peutingeriana,  ex  edit  G.  Hofnii,  Amst.  1654.  [Tliis  table,  which  is  indis- 
pensable for  students  of  the  Ancient  Geography  of  North  Africa,  has  been 
reproduced  in  autograph  from  the  original  MS.  in  the  Imperial  Library  at 
VieiiDa  by  E«  Ohambrier,  '^Oommis  auxiliaire  au  Secr6tarJat  du  Conseil  de 
Ckmvemement  du  Gouvemement  G^n^ral  de  TAlg^rie."] 

Shaw's  work  was  translated  into  French,  and  published  at  La  Haye,  1743, 
2  ToL  4to^  carte  et  figures;  and  into  Grerman,  and  published  at  Leipzig, 
1765,  4to. 

1738.    Seran  de  la  Tour,  I'Abb^. — Histoire  de  Scipion  rAfricain,  avec 
Obtenratioos  de  Chevalier  de  Folard  sur  la  Bataille  de  Zama.    Paris  :  12mo. 


ICaraolier,  Jaoquas. — Histoire  du  Ministdre  du  Cardinal  Ximen^s,  Arche- 
«sque  de  Toledo  et  B^gent  d'Espagne.     Paris  :  2  vol.  12mo. 

Book  y.  contains  the  project  of  the  Cardinal  for  the  conquest  of  Oran,  which 
he  offered  to  do  at  his  own  cost.  He  obtained  the  chief  command  for  himself 
and  the  second  for  Don  Pedro  Navarro.  In  the  first  expedition  he  was  success- 
ful;  in  the  secGQd  he  was  defeated.    An  earlier  edition  was  published  in  1704. 

1742.  Tollot,  le  Sieur. — Nouveau  voyage  fait  au  Levant  6s  ann^  1731>2, 
oontenant  lea  descriptions  d' Alger,  Tunis,  &c.  Paris:  8vo,  pp.  354. — See  also 
Piesae,  Rev.  Air.,  vol.  xi.  p.  417.    No.  2820. 

1742.  Thurloe,  John. — ^A  Collection  of  the  State  Papers  of.  London : 
7  vol.  foL 

The  originals  are  in  the  Bodleian  Library.  These  contain  many  interesting 
documents  connected  with  Algiers  from  Oliver  Cromwell,  Blake,  and  others. 

^62.  1749.  Cervantee,  M.  de  Saavedra. — Comedias  y  entremeses  de  Miguel 
de  Cervanteb  Saavedra,  el  autor  del  Dou  Quixote,  divididas  en  dos  tomos,  con  una 
dissertadon  6  prologo  sobre  las  comedias  de  Espagna.  Madrid:  2  vol.  4to, 
pp.  243,  826. 

At  pw  155,  vol.  i.,  Los  Bafios  de  Argel.  At  p.  58,  vol.  ii..  La  Gran  Sultana 
Dofia  Qithalina  di  Orviedo.    The  subject  of  these  is  Algerine  slavery. 

^SS.    1744.    SaJluot— The  works  of  Sallust,  translated  into  English  by  T.  Gordon . 

4to. 

Subsequent  editions  are  too  numerous  to  quote. 

1748.  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  this  year,  vol.  xviii.,  contains  a  review 
of  Qeraid  Brandt's  Life  of  Michael  de  Ruyter,  Yice-Admiral  General  of  Holland, 
who  **  sooured  the  Mediterranean  of  pirates,"  and  subsequently  made  peace  with 
Algiers  and  Tunis. 

1750.  lie  Boy,  M. — L*^tat  g^n^ral  et  particulier  du  Royaume  et  de  la  Villo 
d'Alger.    La  Haye :  4to. 

A  mere  piracy  of  the  work  of  Laugier  de  Tassy. 

866l    1750.    The  present  State  of  Algeria.    An  epitome  of  the  history  of 
Algiers  from  the  first  settlement  of  the  Moors  in  these  ^tarts  after  their  expulsion 


1 


150  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

from  Granada  by  the  Spaniards  to  the  time  they  rendered  themBclves  indepoident 
of  the  Ottoman  Porte.    London:  8vo. 

867.  1750.  A  oompleat  history  of  the  Piratical  States  of  Barbaiy,  tIz.  Alters, 
Tunis,  Tripoly,  and  Morocco.  Containing  the  origin,  revolutions,  and  prawat 
state  of  those  kingdoms,  their  forces,  revenues,  and  policies  and  commerce.  With 
a  plan  of  Algiers  and  a  map  of  Barbary,  by  a  gentleman  (Moigan)  who  redded 
there  many  years  in  a  public  character.    8vo. 

This  was  translated  into  French  by  Boyer  de  Prebaudiac  in  1757.  (No.  268.) 
The  work  is  of  little  value ;  it  is  a  mere  translation  of  Langier  de  Taa^,  who 
again  copied  from  MarmoL    Morgan  was  an  indeOfttigable  plagiarist. 

258.  1750.  Historical  Memoir  of  Barbary,  and  its  Maritime  Power,  as  ood- 
nected  with  the  Plunder  of  the  Seas ;  including  a  sketch  of  Algiers,  Tripoli  and 
Tunis,  an  account  of  the  various  attacks  made  upon  them  by  the  several  States  of 
Europe,  considerations  on  their  present  means  of  defence,  and  the  original  treaties 
entered  into  with  them  by  Charles  IT. 

Another  edition  published  at  London  in  1815. 

259.  1750.  Snxith,  Charles.— The  Antient  and  Present  State  of  the  Ck>nnty  and 
City  of  Cork,  in  4  books.    Illustrated.    Dublin :  2  vol.  8vo,  pp.  484  and  429. 

In  vol.  i.  p.  278,  is  an  account  of  the  sack  of  Baltimore,  by  Algerine  pirates, 
on  the  20th  June,  1631,  when  all  the  inhabitants  were  carried  off  to  slavery  in 
Algiers. 

200.  1751.  The  Continuation  of  Mr.  Rapiu  de  Thoyras's  History  of  England,  from 
the  Revolution  to  the  Accession  of  King  Greorge  II.  (No.  230.)  By  N.  Tindal,  U.A., 
llector  of  Alverstoke,  in  Hamyjehire,  and  Chaplain  to  the  Boyal  Hos^ntal  at 
Greenwich.    London :  2  vol.  folio,  pp.  796  and  706. 

Vol.  ii.  p.  615.    On  the  18th  (Oct.  1703)  Rear-Admiral  Byng  was  sent  with  a 
squadron  to  Algiera  to  renew  the  peace. 

261.  1751.  Additional  Article  to  Treaty  between  Great  Britain  and  Algiers, 
signed  by  Commodore  Keppel,  Consul-General  Stanyford,  and  the  Dey,  3rd  June, 
1875.— See  Hertslet's  Treaties,  vol.  i.  p.  79. 

262.  1754.  Istoria  degU  Stati  di  Algeri,  Tunisi,  Tripoli  e  Marocoo.  Tims- 
portata  fedelemente  dalla  lingua  Ingleso  neli'  Italiano.    In  Londra  i  12mo,  pp.  376. 

268.  1757.  Hiatoire  des  £tat8  Barbaresques  qui  exercent  la  Piraterie. 
Con  tenant  L'origiDe,  les  revolutions  et  T^tat  present  des  Royaumes  d  Alger,  &c 
Par  un  auteur  qui  y  a  r^sid^  plusieurs  ann^es  avec  caractdre  public.  Traduit 
de  TAnglois  par  Boyer  de  Prebaudiac.  Paris :  2  vol.  18mo,  pp.  388  and  287. — See 
No.  257. 

264.  1758.  Quisohardt,  Ch.  Thtoph. — M^moires  militaires  sur  les  Grecs  et 
les  Romains,  &c.,  et  Tanalyse  de  la  Campagne  de  Jules  Cdsar  en  Afrique. 
La  Haye :  4to.    Another  edition,  Lyon :  1768 :  2  vol.  8vo. 

265.  1759.  Bougainville,  J.  P.-— M^moire  sur  les  d^couvertes  et  etablissementa 
faits  lo  long  des  cdtes  d Afrique,  par  Hannon,  Amiral  de  Carthage,  avec  une  carte. 
From  the  Rec.  de  lAcad.  des  Inscr. 

266.  1760.  Bomance  nuevo  que  refiere  nn  caso  succdido  k  un  sacerdote  natural 
de  Gibraltar  que  fu^  cautivo  en  Argel.    Valencia :  4to. 

267.  1762.    Treaty  between  Great  Britain  and  Algiers,  signed  by  Archibald 
Cleveland,  Ambassador  to  the  Barbary  States,  and  the  Dey,  14th  May  1762.- 
Hertslet's  Treaties,  vol.  i.  p.  80. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA,  161 

^S68.  1764.  Andenon,  Adam. — An  Historical  and  Chronological  Deduction  of 
the  Origin  of  Gommeroe.    London  :  2  yol.  folio. 

Tliis  gives  an  account  of  the  establishment  of  Consuls,  of  whom  John  Tipton 
of  Algiers  was  one  of  the  first  ever  appointed. 

'SdO.  1765.  Treaty  between  Great  Britain  and  Algiers,  signed  by  Archibald 
Clevland  and  the  Dey,  3rd  August  1765. — See  Hertslet's  Treaties,  vol.  1.  p.  81. 

:270.  1765.  Cardoxme,  Dennis  Dom.,  a  learned  French  Orientalist. — Histoire 
do  TAfrique  et  de  PEspagne  sous  la  domination  des  Maures,  d'apr^  des  M.S.S. 
Arabes.    Paris :  3  vol.  12mo,  pp.  402  and  336. 

A  German  translation  by  De  Murr  was  published  nt  Zurich  in  1770. 

^271.  1765.  AiiTiTial  Begister  for  this  year,  p.  60,  mentions  an  outbreak  of 
4000  Christian  slaves  at  Algiers. 

""^TS.    1769.    A  ZTarrative  of  Facts  that  happened  in  Barbary. 

:S78.    1770.    lAthgow,  William. — ^Travels  and  Voyages  through  Europe,  Asia, 
,  and  Africa  for  nineteen  years. 

Part  viiL  contains  an  account  of  his  visit  to  Algiers  and  Tlem^en,  whence 
he  pnxseeded  to  Fez.  Many  editions ;  the  12  th  was  published  at  Leith :  Svo, 
1814,  pp.  412,  with  portrait.— See  Nos.  63, 121. 

-^374.  1775.  Sehloeaer,  August  Iiudwig  von. — Summarische  Gesch.  v.  Nord- 
Africa,  oamentlich,  von  Marocko,  Algier,  Tunis  und  Tripoli.    Gottingen,  8vo. 

-276.  1775.  Belaoion  puntual  de  to  acaecido :  con  motive  de  la  expedicion  dis- 
puesta  contra  Argel  en  el  afio  de  1775.    Alicante :  4to,  pp.  80,  with  map. 

A  translation  of  this  was  published  in  the  45th  number  of  the  *  Kevue 
Africaine.' 

^3761  1775.  Masarvedo.— Traduction  Textuelle  d'un  Manuscrit  de  TAmiral 
Mazarvcdo  sur  Texpedition  d'Alger  en  1775.    In  the  Public  Library  at  Algiers. 

^3177.  1775.  Fellegrino,  GulottL — Storia  de  Mori  riguardante  de  loro  religione, 
govemo,  politico  e  costumi.    Fierenzi :  8vo. 

<278.  1777.  Dalrymple,  Mi^or  W. — Travels  through  Spain  and  Portugal  in 
1774,  with  an  account  of  the  Spanish  Expedition  (O'Reilly's)  against  Algiers  in 
1755.    London:  4to. 

A  French  translation,  by  Bomance  de  Mesmont,  published  in  Brussels  and 
P^ris :  1883,  8vo. 

'379.  1781.  Hebenstreity  Joannes  Emestus.— Vier  Berichte  von  seiuer  auf 
Befehl  Friedrich  Augusts  1.  im  Jahre  1732  in  Be^leitung  einiger  anderer  Gelehrten 
und  Kiinstler  auf  den  Afrikanischen  Kiisten  nach  Algier,  Tunis  und  Tripolis 
angestellten  Heise. — See  J.  Bernouill's  Sammlung  kurzer  Reisebescbreibungen, 
&c.,  Bd.  9-12 ;  also  translation  in  Eyri^,  Nouv.  Ann.  des  Voyages,  t.  xlvii.  1830. 

1785.  Voyage  dans  les  ^tats  Barbaresques  de  Maroc,  Alger,  Tunis  et 
Tripoly,  ou  lettres  d'un  des  captifs  qui  vienoent  d'etre  rachet^  par  M.M.  les 
Chanoines  r^guliers  de  la  Sainte  Trinity,  suivies  d'uno  notice  sur  leur  rachat  et  du 
catalogue  de  leurs  noms.    Paris :  12mo. 

This  gives  a  list  of  313  captives  redeemed. 

1787.  Henin,  Baron  Et.  F.  d'. — M^moire  concemant  le  syst^me  de  paix 
et  de  guerre  que  les  puissances  europ^enncs  pratiquent  k  I'^rd  des  R^gences 
barbaresques.    Translated  from  the  Italian,  printed  at  Venice  in  1787.    12mo. 

1788.  SohliohthorSy  Hermann.— Geographia  Afrioe  Herodotte.  Got- 
tingae:  8vo. 


162    .  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

28a  1789.  Foiret»  Ii'abb^  J.  !•.— Voyage  en  Barboriey  on  lettres  teites 
d'ancienne  Numidie  pendant  1785-86,  sur  la  religioD,  les  ooutameB,  et  lee  meats- 
des  liaores  et  dee  Arabes  B^ouintf,  avec  un  essai  sur  I'histoire  natnrelle  de  ce 
pays.    Paris :  2  vol.  8vo,  pp.  363  and  315. 

An  English  translation,  2  voL  12mo,  was  pnbliBhed  in  1791,  entitled  *  Yoyage- 
to  Barbery,  or  Letters  \mtten  from  Nomidia  (1785-86)  on  the  Religion,  Castoms, 
and  Manners  of  the  Moors  and  Bedouin  Arabs,  with  an  Essay  on  the  Natural 
Bistory  of  the  Ck)untry.' 

The  author  was  a  distinguished  botanist,  who  travelled  during  a  year  in 
the  vicinity  of  Bdne,  La  Calle  and  Constantine. 

284.  1789.  FoUie.— Histoire  du  Naufrage  de  Brisson,  de  Follie  et  de  Saugnier 
sur  les  cOtes  d'Atrique.    Paris :  8vo. 

285.  1790?  Nueiva  relaoion  y  oopla  de  una  carta  que  escribi6  an  hijo  a 
su  padre,  en  que  le  di6  &  entender  los  turroentos  que  padeda  en  su  cautiverio  en 
la  ciudad  de  Arg^l.    In  verse.    Malaga :  4to. 

288.  1790.  Bruoe,  James. — ^Travels  to  discover  the  source  of  the  l^ile  in 
1768-1773.    Edinburgh :  maps  and  plates,  5  vol.  4to. 

This  contains  a  notice  of  his  explorations  in  Algeria  and  Tunis  before 
starting  for  Sicily,  Baalbcc  (pp.  530),  Palmyra,  and  subsequently  Egypt.  A 
French  translation  published  in  Paris,  translated  by  J«  Castera  in  1790-9L 

287.  1791.  Edriaii  AfHoa,  curavit  J.  H.  Hartmano.  Qottingie:  Svo;  2nd 
edition,  8vo,  1796. 

288.  1791.  Brans,  Paul  Jacob. — Neue  Systematique  Erdbesohreibung  von 
Africa.  Frankfurt :  1791-9,  6  vol.  8vo.  Another  edition  published  at  Nurem- 
berg, 1793. 

288.  1791.  AbuUbdse  AfHoa,  Arabioe  et  Latino,  curante  Godofredus  Eichfaocn. 
GottingsB:  8vo. 

280.  1794.  A  Short  Aooount  of  Algiers,  and  of  its  several  Wars  .  .  .  with 
a  concise  account  of  the  origin  of  the  rupture  between  Algiers  and  the  United 
States.    Philadelphia :  Svo,  pp.  50. 

Chap.  V.  explains  U.S.  interests  as  to  Algiers :  formerly  its  vessels  were 
pretty  8afe  from  piratical  attacks,  because  Dutch  or  Portuguese  war  veaseU 
watched  the  Straits  and  kept  the  corsairs  out  of  the  Atlantic,  but  now  "  by 
the  officious  intervention  of  England  **  a  '*  truce  between  Algiers  and  Portugal 
has  been  formed**  which  ''has  been  done  .  .  .  that  the  corsairs  .  .  .  might 
interrupt  the  commerce  of  this  country  "  [the  U.S.]. 

280a.  1794.  Ebn  Abd-el-HaUm,  Saleh. — Geschichte  der  Mauri tanischen 
Koenige.  Translated  I'rum  the  Arabic  into  German  by  Fr.  de  Dombay.  Agram : 
2  vol.  Svo.  A  Spanish  translation  by  F.  Jose  de  Santo  Antonio  Mouni,  pub* 
lished  at  Lisbon,  182S  :  1  vol.  4to. 

291.  1797.  The  Algerine  Captive,  or  the  life  and  adventures  of  Doctor  Updike 
Underbill,  six  years  a  prisoner  anutng  the  Algerines.  Walpolc,  New  Hampshire : 
2  vol.  12mo,  214  and  241.    The  first  200  pp.  of  the  second  vol.  devoted  to  Algiers. 

202.  1798.  Sacy,  Sylvestre  de. — De  quelques  monnaies  arabes,  et  des  mon- 
naies  de  Tunis,  d'Alger  et  de  Maroc.  Article  in  the  '  Magasin  encyclop^ique,* 
1798,  tome  iii. 

288.  1798.  Behbinder,  J.  Ad.  Frhn.  von,  Danish  Consul  at  Algiers. — Nacb- 
richten  und  Bemerkungen  iiber  den  Algierisofaen  Staat.  Altona:  1798-18C0, 
2  vol.  Svo,  with  ma|)s  and  plates.    Another  edition  in  1800. 


A  BIBU06RAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  IbS 

* 

284.  1799.  IieydAn,  Br.  John,  and  Hugh  Murray.— Historical  and  philo- 
sophical sketch  of  the  discoveries  and  settlements  of  the  Europeans  in  Northern  and 
Western  Africa  at  the  close  of  the  18th  century.    Edinburgh :  8vo,  2  vol. 

Another  edition,  2  vol.  Bvo,  was  published  in  1817,  and  a  French  version, 
by  GuTillier,  appeared  in  Paris,  4  vol  8vo,  with  Atlas,  in  1821. 

285.  180Q.  Treaty  between  Great  Britain  and  Algiers,  signed  by  Consid-General 
Falcon  and  the  Dey,  drd  September,  1800. — See  Hertslet's  Treaties,  i.  p.  83. 
Another  dated  19th  March,  1801. 


1800.     I>osLbay. — Grammatica  linguse  Mauro-Arabicee,  juxta  vemaculi 
idiomatis  usum ;  accessit  vocabularium  Latino-Mauro-Arabicum.    Vienne :  4to. 

1802.  Dennie,  lie  Baron. — Pieces  curieuses  snr  Alger.    Paris :  8vo. 

1803.  Onrtia,  J.— A  Journal  of  a  Travel  in  Barbary  in  1801.    London : 
12mo. 


1804.  Jaokaon,  John. — ^Reflections  on  the  Commerce  of  the  Mediterranean^ 
deduced  from  actual  experience  during  a  residence  on  both  shores  of  the  Mediter- 
ranean Sea.    London :  8vo. 


1804b  Tableau  Historiqne  des  d^uvertes  et  ^tablissements  des  Europ^ena 
<lsui8  le  nord  et  dans  Touest  de  i'Afrique,  jusqu'au  oommencement  du  xix*  Si^le, 
<S^c.  Oavnge  public  par  la  Soci^t^  d'Afrique,  et  traduit  par  Cuny.  Paris,  an  xii. : 
2  vol.  8vo. 


1807.    Strabonia  Berum  Geographicarum  Libri  xvii.,  Gr.  and  Lat,   Oxonii  i 
folio. 


1808.    Murray,    Alexander. — James    Bruce:   account  of  his  life  and 
^W'ritings.    Edinburgh :  4to,  map  and  plates. 

1808.    Algier. — Ein    kurzgefasstes  statisch  -  topogrophisches    Gemalde. 
u  and  Leipzig  :  8vo. 

1810.  Pitta,  Joaeph,  of  Exon. — A  faithful  account  of  the  Ileligion  and 
Manners  of  the  Mahometans  .  • .  with  an  account  of  the  author^s  being  taken 
oapiivo  (at  Algiers),  the  Turks'  cruelty  to  him,  and  his  escape.  See  Maundrell's- 
Journey  to  Aleppo,  &c,  liOodon :  8vo,  p.  287.  Also  an  article  in  the  '  Dublin 
University  Magazine,'  vol.  xxvii.  p.  76  e<  seq, 

Pitts  was  taken  in  1678,  became  a  Mohammedan,  visited  Mecca,  and  even- 
tnally  escaped  in  a  French  ship  from  Smyrna  to  Leghorn. 


1812.  Chateaubriand,  F.  A.  de. — Itio^raire  de  Paris  k  Jerusalem. .. 
revenant  par  r£gypt,  la  Barbarie  et  TEspagne.  Paris :  2  vol.  8vo,  map. — English 
Version  by  C.  A.  Shobert :  '  Travels  in  Greece,  Egypt,  Palestine,  and  Barbary  during 
the  years  1806-7.'    From  the  French  of  Chateaubriand.    London :  2  vol.  8vo. 

1813.  Northcote,  Jamea,  B.A. — Memoirs  of  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds,  Knt., 
XiL.D.,  F.B.S.,  F.8JL.,  &c.,  late  President  of  the  Royal  Academy,  comprising 
original  anecdotes  of  many  distinguished  persons  his  contemporaries,  and  a  brief 
analysia  of  his  discourses,  to  which  are  added  varieties  on  art.    London :  4to. 

P.  21  mentions  that  K.  **  accompanied  the  Commodore  [Keppel]  in  his  visit 
[to  the  Dey  of  Algiers,  and  was]  introduced  to  the  Dey  in  the  usual  form,"  on 
the  20th  July,  1749.  He  then  left,  and  did  not  return  with  the  Admiral  on  his 
subsequent  visits  to  Algiers. 

^^.    1815.    Bivoire,  lie  Chevalier  Saint  Hypolite  de,  under  the  pseudo- 


\ 


154  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OP  ALGERIA. 

nym  of  "  Josiali  Hakohen.^— Adar-el-Melek,  ou  les  pirates  barbaresqaes.  Tmd.  de^ 
TArabe.    ParU :  4  voL  12mo. 

806.  1815.  Marvilloso  Milagro  que  obr6  la  magestad  de  Dioe  en  la  ciadad  de«E 
Argel,  por  lo  qual  se  convirtio  un  renegado  que  era  casado  con  una  Mara  se  bol?id<^ 
Christiana.    In  verse.    Valencia :  4to. 

807.  1816.  Treaty  between  Great  Britain  and  Algiers,  signed  by  Lord  Exmonth.^ 
and  the  Dey,  dated  3rd  April,  1816. — See  Hertslet's  Treaties,  voL  L  p.  84.  An  ^ 
additional  article  was  signed  od  the  20th  May,  and  a  new  Treaty  on  the  28th  AuguitiJi 
of  the  same  year,  accompanied  by  a  declaration  of  the  Dey  abolishing  Christian  g" 
slavery. 

808.  1816.  Hunt,  GUbert  T.^The  late  War  between  the  United  States  andC 
Great  Britain  from  June  1812  to  February  1815,  written  in  the  ancient  historioaS" 
style :  containing  also  a  sketch  of  the  late  Algerine  War,  and  the  Treaty  conclndedC 
with  the  Dey  of  Algiers.    New  York :  8vo,  pp.  334. 

Pp.  307  to  329  contain  an  account  of  the  expedition  in  1815,  and  the  treaty^ 
made  with  the  Dey.  The  whole  work  is  a  poor  travesty  of  Biblical  langiuujee  ' 
very  partial  to  the  U.S.,  and  generally  untrustworthy,  the  account  of  the^ 
Algerian  expedition  being  a  mere  compilation,  not  that  of  an  actor  in  it. 

See  also   two  articles  in  the  Analectic  Review,   Philadelphia,  vol.  viL*. 
pp.  105-113  aud  113-131.    The  former  gives  a  sketch  of  the  Barbary  States^ 
the  latter  narrates  Decatur^s  expedition  against  Algiers,  Tunis  and  Tripoli,  which 
proved  successful  where  Euro[)ean  fleets  had  failed. 
800.    1816.    Tooht  van  den  Vice-Admiroal  van  de  Capellen  in  vereeniging  met- 
Lord  Exmouth  tot  tuchtiging  van  Algiers  in  1816. 

Een  uitvoerig  verhaal  van  dozen  tocht  komt  voor  in  M.  Stuart,  Nienw^ 
Nederl.  Jaarboeken,  Jaarbk.  van  1816,  St.  i.,  bl.  84-128,  onder  bet  lemma: 
Oorlog  met  de  Barbarijsche  Mogendheden.    De  officieSle  rapporten  zijn  daaria 
opgenomen. — Vgl.  ook  van  Kampen,  Gcschicd.  der  Ned.  buiten  Europa,  Dl.  IIL 
St.  ii.,  756-759. 

810.  1816.  Janson,  W.— A  View  of  the  Present  Condition  of  the  States  of  Bar- 
bary; or  an  account  of  the  Climate,  Soil,  Produce,  Population,  Manufactures, 
Naval  and  Military  strength  of  Morocco,  Fez,  Algiers,  Tripoli,  and  Tunis.  Also  a 
Description  of  their  Mode  of  Warfare,  interspersed  with  Anecdotes  of  their  Cruel 
Treatment  of  Christian  captives,  illustrated  by  a  new  and  correct  hydrographical 
map,  drawn  by  J.  J.  Asheton. 

811.  1816.  Croker,  W.,  B.N. — A  Letter  to  a  Member  of  Parliament  on  the 
Slavery  of  Christians  at  Algiers.  London. — See  also  Edin.  Rev.,  vol.  xxvii.  p.  449, 
and  Quart  Eev.,  voL  xv.  p.  139. 

812.  1816.  Smith,  Admiral  Sir  Sidney. — M^moire  sur  la  ndcessit^  et  les 
moyens  de  faire  cesser  les  Pirateries  des  £tats  Barbaresques.  Ile^u,  consid^r6  et 
adopts  k  Paris  en  Septembrc,  h  Turin  le  14  Octobrc,  1814 :  k  Yienne  durant  le 
Congres. — See  also  Quart.  Rev.,  vol.  xv.  p.  139. 

818.    Translation  of  Documents  annexed  to  the  Report  of  the  President 

(Sir  Sidney  Smith)  of  the  Reunion  of  the  Knights-Liberators  of  the  White  Slaves 
of  Africa,  assembled  at  Vienna  on  the  29th  December,  1814.    Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  58. 

814.  1816.  The  Barbary  States.  Article  in  the  Quarterly  Review,  voL  xvi. 
p.  139. 

816.  1816.  Moroelli,  Stefiemo  Antonio,  Librarian  to  Cardinal  Albani. — Afirica 
Christiana,  in  tres  partes  tributa.    Brixias,  1816-17  :    3  vol..4to. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  155 

316.    1816.    The  Bombardment  of  Algiers  and  other  poems.     Edinburgh: 
dvOy  pp.  43. 

**  Oh  I  needless  'twere  to  tell  how  Ezmouth  shared 
Each  threatening  danger  and  each  peril  dared. 
And  that  his  vengeance  was  directed  well 
The  Mole's  bombarded  ramparts  long  shall  teU." 

^17.    1816.    BarthAemy  Hadot,  Madame  AdMa— Les  H^ritiers  du  Due  do 
Bouillon,  on  les  Fran^ais  k  Alger.    Paris :  Svo.     2nd  ed.  1823. 

218.    1816.    TxMm  historique  sur  les  nations  barbaresques.     Paris :   2  vol. 
18ma 

<^19.    1816.    ICayeuz,  F.  J. — ^Les  BMouins  on  Arabes  da  ddsert  d'aprds  les  notes 
incites  de  F.  Raphael.    Paris  :  3  vol.  8vo,  24  illustrations. 

1817.    Bemoe,  Alex. — Les  Captifs  d*Alger.    Melodrama  in  3  Acts.    Paris  : 
8vo. 

1817.    M  Teatro  Espailol  o  Ck)leccion  de  dramas  escogidos  de  Lope  de  Vega, 
Coldeion  de  la  Barca,  Moreto,  Roxas,  Solb,  Moratin  y  otros  c^ebres  escritores ; 
preoedida  de  una  breve  noticia  de  la  escena  espafiola  y  de  los  autores  que  la  ban 
ilustndo.    Londres:  8vo. 

At  p.  201,  £1  Trato  de  ArgeL 

1817.  Fananti,  Filippo. — Avventnre  e  osservasioni  soprk  le  costa  di 
^^(ctfberia.   Firenze :   2  parts,  8vo.    Reprinted  at  Milan,  1817, 3  vol.  12mo. 

Extracts  from  the  above  translated  into  French  were  published  in  the 
Biblioihdqne  Universelle  the  same  year. 

AJso  an  English  translation :  '  Narrative  of  a  Residence  in  Algiers ;  com- 
prising a  geographical  and  historical  account  of  the  Regency;  biographical 
sketches  of  the  Dey  and  his  Ministers  ;  anecdotes  of  the  late  war ;  observations 
00  the  relations  of  the  Barbary  States  with  the  Christian  Powers,  and  the  necessity 
and  importance  of  their  complete  subjugation.'  London,  1818 :  with  notes  and 
illustrations  by  Edw.  Blaquicr,  4to,  pp.  467,  plates  and  maps. — See  Ko.  37u. 
A  French  traDslation,  by  Henri  de  la  Salle,  was  published  at  Paris  in  1820, 
8vo,  pp.  623. 

There  is  a  review  of  this  work  in  the  Eclectic  Review,  vol.  x.,  New  Series, 
1818,  London. 

1817.    Jaokflon,  G.  A. — Algiers,  a  Picture  of  the  Barbary  States.    London  : 
^vo,  pp.  411. 

1817.    Murray,  Hugh,  F.B.8.E.— Historical  Account  of  Discoveries  and 
travels  in  Africa.    Edinburgh :  2  vol.  8vo,  maps. 

Chap,  iii*  voL  ii.  relates  to  Barbary.  A  French  translation,  by  M.  A.  C, 
published  at  Paris,  1821, 4  voL  8vo. 

1817.    Bobertson,  Br.  William,  DJ>.— The  History  of  the  Reign  of 
^1^  Emperor  Charles  Y.    London :  2  vol.  8vo. 

Dr.  Robertson  was  Principal  of  the  University  of  Edinburgh  and  Historio- 
grapher to  H.M.  for  Scotland.    Pp.  49-68,  voL  ii.,  give  an  account  of  the  origin 
of  Turkish  domination  in  North  Africa,  and  of  the  expedition  of  Charles  against 
Tunis.    At  x>p.  116-121  is  narrated  the  Emperor's  disastrous  attempt  against 
Algiers. 
1817.    Metson,   Qerrit  (or   Gerhard   Metzon). — Dagverbaal  van  mijne 
^otgevallen  te  Algiers.    Rotterdam  :  8vo.    Anotber  edition,  Vlaardingen,  1819. 
See  also  Fiaoher,  Christian  August,  Kriegs-  und  Reisefahrten,  &c., 


156  A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

■ 

Leipzig,  1821.    Chap.  ii.  p.  67,  A  Narrative  of  Metzon'a  life  as  a  dave  In 
Algiers. 

827.  1818.  Jexmings,  J. — ^Description  of  Lord  Exmonth's  Attack  upon  Algiers. 
London :  8vo,  pp.  12. 

This  is  a  description  of  the  Panorama,  painted  by  J.  A.  Barker,  then  exhibit- 
ing in  Leicester  Square. 

828.  1818.  Quem^,  Ja.oqiie8  Balbigoton.— Histoire  de  TesclaTage  en  AfHqne 
([)cndant  34  ans)  de  J.  P.  Dumont,  natif  de  Paris,  r^g^  snr  see  propra 
declarations.    Paris:  8vo,  pp.  157,  2  portr.,  1  fao-sim. 

A  second  edition  appeared  in  1819,  and  a  fifth  in  1830. 
Dumont  was  an  ignorant  man.    He  was  shipwrecked  between  Oran  and 
Algiers.    ELis  story  is  full  of  errors,  but  most  interesting. 

829.  1818.  Ii.  C.  P.  D.  V. — Dc  rAfriquo  et  des  Chevaliers  Hospitaliers  de  St 
Jean  de  Jerusalem.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  97. 

A  proposal  to  unite  the  d^ris  of  this  order,  and  establish  it  in  Africa. 

880.  1819.  SaXam^,  A. — ^A  Narrative  of  the  Expedition  to  Algiers  under  the 
command  of  the  Right  Hon.  Viscount  Exmouth.    London :  8vo,  pp.  230. ' 

Mr.  Salamc  was  Oriental  interpreter  to  Lord  Exmouth. — See  also  Quarterly 
Review,  vol.  xcix.  p.  331,  and  Blackwood's  Edin.  Mag.,  vol.  v.  pp.  81-9.  The 
official  despatches  regarding  the  battle  of  Algiers,  with  returns  of  the  killed  and 
wounded,  are  contained  in  the  '  London  Gazette,'  pp.  1789-91  and  1869. 

881.  1819.  Iiatreille,  A. — Dissertation  sur  I'exp^dition  da  Consul  Suetone 
Paulin  en  Afrique  et  sur  diverses  parties  de  la  geographic  de  cette  contr^ 
Paris:  8vo. 

882.  1819.  ZToah,  M.,  U.S.  CodsuI  at  Tunis.— Travels  in  England,  France, 
Spain,  and  the  Barbary  States,  1813-1815.    New  York:  8vo,  pp.  vi.,  431,  xlviL 

This  contains  a  good  view  of  Algiers. 

888.    1819.    Hunt»  G.  L— The  American  Algerine  War. 

884.  1820.    The  Battle  of  Algiers,  A  Soug.— Blackwood's  Edin.  Mag.,  vol.  viL 

p.  291. 

'*  Come  join  me,  British  Landsmen,  Dragoons  and  Grenadiers, 

While  I  sing  the  Tars  of  England,  and  the  battle  of  Algiers." 

885.  1820.  Conde,  Josd  Antonio. — Historia  de  la  dominacion  de  los  Arabesen 
Kspa&a.    Madrid :  3  tom.  4to. 

Several  other  Spanish  editions.    A  French  version,  3  vol.  Paris,  1825.     An 
English  translation  (Bobn's  Stand.  Lib.),  3  vol.  London,  1854. 

886.  1820.  Barnard,  Mrs.  S.— Travels,  in  Algiers,  Spain,  &c.,  with  a  faithful 
accoimt  of  the  Algerines.     London  :  8vo,  pp.  140.     Published  anonymously. 

887.  1820.  Beynier,  L. — De  I'dconomie  publique  et  rural  des  Arabes  et  des 
Juifs.    Grendve:  8vo. 

888.  1821.  Hutton,  Catherine.— The  tour  of  Africa,  containing  a  ccmcise 
account  of  all  the  countries  in  that  quarter  of  the  globe  hitherto  visited  by 
Europeans.    London :  3  vol.  8vo. 

Written  as  if  by  an  imaginary  traveller.     Vol.  iii.  pp.  407-39,  refer  to 
Algeria. 

339.  1821.  Niles,  T.  M.-— The  life  of  Oliver  Hazard  Parry,  with  an  appendix 
comprising  a  biographical  memoir  of ...  .  Commodore  Decatur.  Hartford,  U.S. : 
12mo,  pp.  384. 

Chap.  vii.  tells  of  the  difference  between  the  U.S.  and  Algiers  in  1812. 


A  BIBUOGBAPHT  OF  ALGERIA.  167 

U.S.  declare  war  1B15.  Decatur's  squadron  captures  Algerine  vessels;  he 
negotiates  and  concludes  a  treaty,  getting  American  prisoners  released  and 
compensation  paid. 

'-^340.    1822.    AptileiuSy    Iiuoius. — ^The    Metamorphosis,   or  the  Golden  Ass. 
London:  8vo. 


I.    1822.    Vieusaeuz,  J. — I  Barbareschi  e  i  Ghristiani.  Ginevra :  8vo,  pp.  04. 

1822.  iKKskhart,  J.  G. — The  History  of  the  ingenious  gentleman  Don 
Quixote  of  La  Mancha,  translated  from  the  Spanish  by  Motteux.  A  new  edition, 
with  copious  notes  and  an  essay  on  the  life  and  writings  of  Cervantes.  Edin- 
bui^h :  5  vol.  8vo. 

The  *  Life'  (by  Lockhart)  gives  an  account  of  his  capture  in  1575,  whils\ 
sailing  from  Italy  to  Spain,  by  "  Moorish  corsairs,"  who  carried  him  to  Alo;iers ; 
his  various  attempts  at  escape ;  his  ultimate  release  on  ransom ;  and  return  in 
1581  to  Spain. 

In  the  '  History,'  part  i.  book  Iv.  chapters  xii.,  xiii.,  xiv.,  the  Story  of  the 
Captive  does  not  agree  with  that  of  Cervantes ;  but  Cervantes'  own  experience 
furnished  the  knowledge  of  Algerine  affairs  and  manners  displayed  in  it. 

^^    1823.    Travers,  JuUen  GiUes. — Les  Alg^riennes;  Fogies  Kationales. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  32.    Also  in  1829.    Saint  L6 :  8vo. 

^H  1824.  Shaler,  WilUam,  U.S.  Consul-General  at  Algiers. — Communica- 
tions on  the  language,  manners  and  customs  of  the  Berbers  of  Africa ;  in  a  series 
of  letters  to  Peter  S.  Dnponceau.    Philadelphia :  4to. 

S46.  1824.  Declaration  of  the  Dey  of  Algiers  on  renewing  peace  with  Great 
Britain,  witnessed  by  Capt.  the  Hon.  R.  C.  Spencer,  b.k.,  dated  26th  July,  1824. 
—See  Hertalet's  Treatief ,  vol.  iii.  p.  14. 

349.    1825.    Barton,    FercevaL — Algiers,  with  notices  of  the  neighbouring 
States  of  Barbary.    London :  2  vol.  8vo.    Other  editions  in  1854  and  1861. 

347.  1825.    The  Fall  of  Algiers.    A  new  opera  in  three  acts.    London :  8vo. 

348.  1825.    Simon,   Victor.— Les  Prints  du    Dey   d*Alger,   ou   TUsurier. 
Commie,  prose.    Dunkerque :  8vo. 

348.  1825.  Martia,  Alexandre. — Appel  h.  I'Europe  centre  les  barbares  d'Afrique. 
Poeme.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  16. 

360.  1825.    Walsh,  B. — The  Levant  Company,  an  account  of.    London :  8vo. 

361.  1826.  Walokenaer,  Baron  Ch. — Collection  de  relationa  de  voyages  par 
mer  et  par  terre  en  diffi^rentes  parties  de  I'Afrique  depuis  1400  jusquli  nos  jours. 
Paris:  1826-1831,  21  vol.  8vo. 

This  work,  which  was  intended  to  comprise  60  vol.,  was  never  completed. 

362.  1826.  Baynal,  PAbb6  QuilL  Th.— Histoire  philosophique  et  politique 
des  Europ^ens  dans  I'Afrique  septentrionale. 

The  author  was  first  a  Jesuit  and  subsequently  a  freethinker.  This  work 
was  published  after  his  death  by  M.  Peuchet,  to  which  was  added  Aper9U  de 
r^t  actuel  de  ccs  ^tablissements.  Paris:  2  vol.  8vo.  Book  v.  refers  to 
Algeria. 

368.  1826.  Shaler,  William,  American  Consul-General  at  Algiers.-T-Sketche8 
of  Algiers,  Political,  Historical  and  Civil,  containing  an  account  of  the  geo- 
graphy, population,  government,  revenues,  commerce,  agriculture,  arts,   civil 


IfiS 


I  BIBLIOGRAPHV  OK  AI.t;ER[A. 


iustitatioiis,  tribes,  maDoera,  languagee  aud  reccDt  politics!  history  of  thit 

coDntry.    Boston:  8vo,  pp.  310. 

Aa  exceedingly  vnliiable  and  rare  work.  A  French  traoektion  was  vaAii 
of  it  in  1830  by  Biaochi,  which  was  tisc^i  as  a  handboolc  by  the  Freach  ex- 
peditionary force  that  took  Algiers.  Paris ;  Librairie  Ladvocat.  Bericwed  in 
U.S.  Lit,  Gai.,  vol,  iv,  pp.  04-101 1  The  North  American  Itev.,  voL  uii, 
pp.  409-31. 
354.    1!J26.    Sohuls,  F.  E. — Sur  le  gmnd  ouvrage  historiqne  et  critlqae 

Khaldoun,  appole  Kilab-nl-ibr  we  Dlwan-ul-Moubteda  wal  Khabcr.     Puist  J 

pp.  36.     From  the  Journal  Asiatifiuo.— See  also  Nos.  890,  1255,  2766. 

356.  1827.    Bartbelemy,    Augruate    et   Mei?, — La  Bacriade  ou  li 
d' Alger.     Poeme  hfirulque,  comiqiie.     Paris :  8vo. 

see.      1828.     Quatrem^re,    E.    Haro. — M^niolre    sur   quelques    iiisori[^ 
puniquea.     Paris:  Svo,  pp.  10.     from  Journal  AslaliiiQe. 

357.    Also  Id  1831,— Notice  d'un  MS.  Arabo  de  la  Bihliothiqae  d 

contenaDt  la  d€scriplioa  d'Afritiue,     Paris:  4to, 

36a  1828.  Chatalain,  I>e  Chevalier,  Licut.-Colonel  de  Cavalerie.— Mi 
aiir  lea  moyens  a  employer  pour  piinir  et  d^truire  la  piraterio  des  pnisaanctf 
barbaresques ;  prMdii  d'un  precis  historiqiie  sur  le  caraci^ro,  tea  miBura,  et  Is 
maoitce  de  combattre  des  Muasulmans  habitant  la  cdle  d'Afrique,  et  an  eoOf^ 
d'lEil  Eur  lea  expfditions  fran^aiscs  tent^cs  contre  eui  it  diverses  jpoquei.     B^^| 

368.  1828.  8k  Mat-tin,  J.  A. — Notices  chrooologiqaes,  hlstoriqnea,  et  M^H 
logiques  des  principnux  aouveraius  de  I'Asie  et  de  TAfrique  SepCent.  NoQ^^^ 
Journal  Asiatique. 

360.  1827,  Biographle  UniTerselle,  Ancienne  et  Uodenie,  vol.  xlix.  p.  127, 
GonUtns  the  Diograpby  of  St.  Vincent  de  Paul,  who  was  enslavwl  at  Tunii 
in  16C7, 

361.  1828.    Hiatoria  dos  Sobomnoa  Mihometanos  das  priuieiras  quatro  dyuatuu 
et  de  parlo  da  quinta  qiie  reiunrao  na  Mauritania,  escripla  em  Arabe  par  J 
Mohammed  Asxaleh  filho  de  Abd-el-Halim,  natural  de  Granada,  e 
annotada  por  Fr.  Jose  de  &into  Antonio  Mcura.     Lisbon:  ito, 

The  author  wrote  about  the  Hth  century. 

362.  1829.    Iioe,  S&mnel,  CD.— The  travels  of  Ibn  Batuta,  t 
abridged  manuscrijit  copies  in  the  Public  Library  of  Cambridge.     PlioUd  f< 
Oriental  Transklion  Ccmmiltee.     London :  4io,  pp.  xviii.  and  242. 

Chap.  i.  treats  of  Taiigiers,  Tilimfan,  Milyana,  Algiers,  Bijftya,  Eo»i4 
Bflca,  Tdnis,  8CL<a,  Sflfakus,  Kabis,  Triiwli,  ftc. 

Ibn  Batuta  left  his  nulive  city,  Tangitr,  about  1324,  and  Spent  t*i 
in  making  bis  journey. 

363.  I'^.'f     Ouilheit,  ArlaUdc— D»  k  oolonlaition  du  Nonl  i»  1"' 
ri>.rr  '  '':">!  natloDkle  pouT  rexploltalioD  sgricolc et  iodui 


I'a:. 


1  bibliography^  "■■'■ 


:■  havo  wrlltrr 


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368.  1829.  Insulte  faite  au  vaisseau  parlcmentaire  'Ma  Provence"  par  Ics 
Algerines  le  3  Aoat  1829. 

367.  1830.  B^flezions  sur  un  M^moire  attribu^  h  Sir  Sidney  Smith  et  sur  Ics 
int^rSts  de  I'Angleterre  dans  la  guerre  d^Alger,  par  un  officier  de  la  Marine  Royale 
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308.  1830.  BusBell,  M.,  Bishop  of  Scotch  Episcopal  Church,  Glasgow  and 
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369.  1830.  Bennell,  Major  James. — The  Geographical  system  of  Herodotus 
examined  and  explained,  by  a  comparison  with  those  of  other  anciei^t  authors  .  .  . 
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d09a.  1830.  Depping. — Histoire  de  commerce  entre  le  Levant  et  TEurope, 
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370.    1830.    Gr&berg  da  Hemso,  Count  J.  C. — Viaggio  del  Signor.Cav.  Benata 
Caillie  a  Timbuctii  et  k  Jeune,  dans  TAfrique.    8vo. 

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X^p.  74,  with  map. 

Masqueray  ('  Formation  des  Cit^s,'  1886)  says  that  it  is  impossible  to  trace 
whether  he  or  Shaler  copied  from  the  other;  but  as  the  English  edition  of 
Shaler  was  written  in  1826,  there  can  be  no  possible  doubt. 

^T^.    1830.    Voiart,  Anne  Elisabeth  Elise  Petit-Fain.~L*Alg^rien ;  Episode 
^e  I'exp^tion  de  Lord  Exmouth  en  1816.    Paris :  12mo. 

^7^    1830.    Histoire  cPAlger,  et  du  bombardement  de  cette  ville  en  1816. 
X^aris :  8vo,  pp.  366,  with  map  and  view  of  Algiers. 

This  seems  to  be  a  mere  reproduction  of  the  work  of  Laugier  de  Tassy,  with 
some  additions. 

^T-^    1830.    AhT6g6  de  lliistoire  d'Alger,  contenant  la  description  de  I'exp^dition 
^e  Lord  Exmouth  en  1816.    Auxonne:  18mo. 

3*7^^.    1830.    Abr^gd,  ou  aper^u  de  I'histoire  d' Alger  6t  des  nations  Barbaresqaes, 
par  un  ami  de  la  justice  et  de  Thumanit^.    Bordeaux  :  8vo. 

3741x    1830.    B.  B.— Description  de  T^tat  d'Alger.    Metz :  12mo. 

^4o.    1830.    Boger,  Colin.— Vue  du  Boyaume  d'Alger.  .  .  .  Suivie  des  diverses 
operations  de  I'exp^dition.    Agen :  12mo. 

875.    1830.    Blaquier,  Edward. — Narrative  of  a  residence  in  Algiers.    London: 
4to._See  also  Fananti,  No.  322. 

87a    1830.    Head,  Major  F.  B.— The  life  of  Bruce,  the  African  traveller. 
^don :  12mo,  pp.  535,  portrait  and  map. 

Chaps,  ii.  and  ilL  relate  to  his  travels  in  North  Africa. 

^'  1830.  Du  Fonoean,  Feter  8. — Grammatical  sketch  and  specimens  of  the 
^f^^er  language^  preceded  by  four  letters  on  Berber  etymologies,  addressed  to 
*^»lliam  B.  Hodgson.    Philadelphia :  4to,  pp.  48. 

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378b.    1830.    Sxpgdition  de  Charlea  V.  centre  Alger.    1.  c,  April ;  alao 

Bpect.  Milit.,  IGth  March.  jH 

S79.     1830.     Contremoiilin,  Capitaine. — Souveiiirs  d'lm  oflicier  frangais  c^^H 

en  Bartarie  (lHll-1814}.     P.iria :  8vo.  ^^ 

380.    De  I'Arm^  fmufftise  en  Afrique,  et  de  la  formtttion  d'aae  Ifgioa 

d'^laireurs.    Paris;  Svu. 

381.  1830.    E.  Toochi.- 
d' Alger.     Mareeille.     Fron 

382.  1830.  UaaCartbr,  J.~Voyage  dans  la  Ri-gence  d" Alger,  ou  description 
G^ogmphique,  Physique,  I'hilolugique,  &c.,  de  i^t  iSlnt,  par  le  Dooteur  Shaw, 
troduit  de  I'Atiglaia,  aveo  de  aambreuseB  augmentalioDB.     Paris :  12iiio,  pi>.  i05. 

S88.  1830.  Alger.  Topograiihle,  population,  force  militaire  de  terro  et  de  mer, 
acci  in  a  lenient,  et  reesourctB  que  le  paye  peuC  oSrir  ti  rnnnde  d'eip^ition.  Mar- 
seilles: 8to. 

384.  1830.  Bianchi,  Thomas  X.,  OrientaliBt, — relation  dc  rarriTce  dans  la 
rade  d'Alger  du  vaiaseau  "  La  Proi-eiice  " — Ewaraioti  dnus  la  villo  et  scb  enriraos 
— De'tails  precis  de  I'insolto  faiW  au  iiavillon  du  Hui  par  lea  Algeriena.  Paris: 
8vo. 

886.     1830,    Naufrago  des  Bricks  "  Le  Siline  '"et "  L"  A  venture.'*    Paris  i  Sro. 

886.  1B30.  Oolombet,  Alexaadre.  —  Du  partie  qu'on  pourrait  tirer  d'uue 
exp^ttiou  d'Alger.  oa  la  possibility  de  fonder  dans  le  ban^sin  de  la  Mi^diterrsD^ 
tin  noiTveau  systime  coloniale  et  maritime  i  VJpreuve  do  la  piiissacce  anglaisc 
Paris:  8to,  pp.  104. 

387.11830,  Xiaborde,  Alexia  I..  Job.,  Membre  de  I'lnstitut.— Au  Roi  et  am 
Chamhres  sur  lea  veritablea  causes  de  l,i  rupture  aveo  Alger,  ot  aur  I'expiSdition 
qui  ae  pre'pare.     Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  79  aiid  xlviii,  with  '2  plana. 

388.  1830.  Flaaa&u,  Comta  a«etaji  de  Baxia  de. — Opiniou  de  la  QueieSa 
de  la  France  aveo  Alyer.     Paris :  8vo. 

388.     1830.    Bxpedition   agaiiiBt  Algiero. — Many  i 
MS.  on  this  subject  exist  in  the  Public  Library  at  Algiers. 

sea':  l^SO.    Blnnondl,  J.  C.  Ii.  de.— De  I'Exp^ditbn  a 
Encyclop6dique,  May. 

390a.    1830.    Precis  des  opi^ratioDB  ea  Afrique  du  13  v 
Milit.,  15  Aug. 

391.     1830.     Prfcis  des  operatiot 
Alger :  8vo. 


erestioj;   documo] 


e  Alger, — See  B 


.  Afrique  du  29  Jiii 


1  28  Juin.    Spec!. 

X  5  Juillet,  183a 


368.  1830.  Pernlle,  Chef  de  Bnl  ni  lion  .—Cam  pngne  d'Afrique  en  183a  Avec 
U11  portrait  du  Dey  d'Alger,  le  tableau  de  rorganisation  de  I'arm^  et  uu  plan 
dea  travaux  de  siege.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  142.    A  second  edition,  1831,  8vo,  pp.  133. 

393.  1830.  Journal  d'un  Offlcier  de  I'Anngo  d'Afrique,  avec  un  plan  des 
iittaques  dirigecs  centre  le  Chateau  de  I'Enipereur  ot  la  ViUe  d'Alger  du  30  Juin 
an  5  Juillet.    Paris :  6vo. 

394,  1830.    Vincent,  Becrfilaire-interprete.— Petit  vocabulaire  suivi  de  dialogoei 

il  Puaage  de  I'snofe  d'expfidltion  d'Afrique,    Puris :  12uiu,  vp- 108.  '^^ 

Published  by  order  of  the  Minialer  of  War. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  161 

30B.  1830.  L  M.  EL  B. — Itindraire'du  Royaume  d'Alger,  comprenant  la  description 
des  villea,  villages,  bourgades,  &c.    Toulon :  8vo. 

396.  1830.  H^ran,  F.  C.  K".  de. — Conseils  aux  Francais  composant  I'exp^tion 
d' Alger.     Paris:  8vo. 

397.  1830.  Yvert,  Eng.—Epltre  Soyaliste  ^un  Officier  de  I'exp^dition  d'Alger. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  20. 

398.  1830.  Darmet. — Exp^ition  en  Afriqne.  Tableau  de  la  composition  de 
TArm^  &c.  Avec  un  Notice  G^graphique,  Statistiquey  et  Politique  sur  la 
K^ence  d*Alger.    Par  M.  K Paris :  8vo. 

399.  1830.  D'Ault-DumeBnil,  E.,  Officier  d'Ordonnance  du  Mar^al  de 
Bourmont.— De  TExpe'dition  d'Afrique  en  1830.    Paris:  8vo,  pp.  148. 

400.  1830.  Farisot. — ^Description  speciale  du  Port,  des  Fortifications,  des  Monu- 
ments et  de  la  position  de  la  ville  d'Alger.    Paris :  folio. 

401.  1830.  Histoire  de  la  Campagne  et  de  la  prise  d* Alger,  suivie  des 
principaux  faits  d'armes  qui  ont  illustr^  Tarm^e  fran9aise.    Avignon:  8yo. 

-402.     1830.    Histoire  B^sum^e  de  la  Guerre  d'Alger,  d*apr^s  plusieurs  t^moins 

oculalres.    Suivie  d'nne    notice  sur  le   Dey,  d*une  biographic  des  principaux 

i^fficiers  de  I'exp^tion,  et  autanfe  que  possible  de  tons  les  officiers,  sous-officiers  et 

soldats  qui  se  sont  le  plus  particulUremcDt  distingu^.    Avec  un  portrait  (not  good) 

du  Dey.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  56. 

1830.  Aper9a  historique,  statistique  et  topognipbique,  sur  T^tat  d'Alger,  k 
X'usage  de  I'arm^  exp^tionnaire  d'Afrique.  Published  by  order  of  the  Minister 
of  War.    Paris :  12mo,  pp.  viii.  and  216,  3  maps  and  9  lithographs. 

This  works  contains  an  account  of  the  principal  expeditions  against  North 
Africa  by  Spain,  France  and  England  from  the  end  of  the  15th  century,  and 
an  account  of  the  events  which  led  to  the  French  expedition,  with  a  description 
of  Algeria  m  general,  and  its  resources.  The  atlas  (12  plates,  fol.)  contains 
interesting  maps,  plans,  and  views  of  Algiers  and  its  neighbourhood,  as  well  as 
of  La  Callo. 


1830.  Benaudoty  attached  to  French  Consulate  at  Algiers.^  Alger :  tableau 
^^41  royaume  et  de  la  ville  d'Alger,  et  de  ses  environs ;  ^tat  de  son  commetKW\><  de 
^^8  forces  de  terre  et  de  mer ;  description  des  moeurs  et  dee  usages  des  habitants 
^^Ti  pays;  pr^c^^s  d'un  introduction  historique  sur  les  diff<Srentes  exp^itiqns 
*^' Alger,  depuis  Charles  V.  jusqu'li  nos  jours.  Paris:  8vo,  pp.  1^2,  map  and 
lliustrations.  Several  editions,  and  a  German  translation,  published  at  Stuttgart, 
^vnth  map  and  6  lithographs. 

1830.  Ferrot,  A.  M.— Alger:  Esquisse  topographique  et  historique  du 
^^XDyaume  et  de  la  ville.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  94,  map  and  plate ;  2nd  edition  in  the 
^«^me  year. 

La  conquSte  d'Alger  ou  relation  de  la  campagne  d'Afrique,  d'apr^s 

inq  documents  officiels  et  particuliers,  recueillis  ct  mis  en  ordre  par  A.  M.  Perrot. 

aris :  8vo,  pp.  145,  map. 

lUpport  sur  la  prise  de  la  ville  d'Alger  contenant  un  detail  int<^ressant 


toutes  les  operations  militaires.    Paris :  ISmo. 

a.    1830.    Fetiet,  lie  Baron. — Journal    historique  de    la   3*  division  de 
^'^rm^  d'Afrique.    Spect.  Milit.,  15th  Nov. 

^^^tb,    1830.    Barre. — Vocabulaire  de  la  languc  des  Kabayles,  habitants  du  Mont 

u  2 


162  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

Atlas  (recuoilli  4  BOne  en  1787  et  envoy^  au  Professeur  Desfontaines).    Kouv. 
Ann,  des  Voy.,  t.  iii.  pp.  36G-82. 

406.  1830.  Thibaud,  £mile. — Notice  statistiqne  et  historique  snr  le  royamne 
et  le  ville  d' Alger.    Paris :  8vo. 

409.  1830.  Blocquel,  Simon,  under  the  pseudonym  Blismon,  n^rote  *  Notice 
topographique  sur  le  royaume  et  la  ville  d' Alger.*  Lille  et  Paris:  18mo,  pp.  30, 
2  plates.    A  second  edition  in  1833. 

410.  1830.    Voyage  k  Alger :  ou  description  de  cette  ville,  de  ses  environs  et 

du  royaume  d'Alger.     Paris,  18mo ;  2nd  ed.,  Avignon :  18mo. 

411.  1830.  Desoription  de  I'i^tat  d' Alger,  de  ses  ddpendance^,  de  ses  villes 
principales,  de  ses  ports,  &c.    A  gen  :  12m  o. 

412.  1830.    BroBsard,  Ijo  G^n^raL — M^moire  pr^ent^  k  M.  le  due  de  Dal* 

matie  sur  les  moyens  d'assurer  la  s^curit^  du  territoire  de  la  Colonic  d'Alger. 
Paris:  8vo. 

418.  1830.  Boissy,  Adrien. — lieflections  d'un  Fran9ais  au  snjet  de  I'exp^ition 
d'Alger.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  24. 

414.  1830.  Babron,  Chev.  J.  B.  A. — II  nous  faut  garder  Alger :  llionneur  fran- 
9ais  I'ordonne ;  ndcessit^  de  conscrver  cette  position  maritime  et  militaire :  reflexions 
sur  rimpuissance  actuelle  d'Angleterre  pour  s'opposer  k  toute  colonisation  francalse 
du  Eoyaume  d'Alger  ;  alliance  desirable  entre  la  France  et  la  Hussie,  <&c.  Paris: 
8vo,  pp.  16. 

414a.  1830.  M.  A. — Considerations  sur  la  difficult^  de  coloniser  la  K^ence 
d'Alger,  et  sur  les  rdsultats  probables  de  cette  colonisation.    Paris :  8vo. 

416.  1830.  BoutUi,  Vinoent-Tves,  Colonel  de  G^nie. — Aper9U  historique  sur 
I'^tat  d'Alger.  Paris :  8vo,  with  atlas,  4to,  containing  7  plates  and  12  views. 
Fablished  by  the  D^pot  de  la  Guerre. 

416.  1830.  Merle,  J.  Toussaint. — Anecdotes  historiques  et  politiques  pouvant 
servir  k  lliistoire  de  la  conquSto  d'Alger  en  1830.     Paris :  8vo,  4  plates. 

417.  1830.  Het  rijk  en  de  stad  van  Algiers,  topographisch  en  histcMiscIi 
geschetst.  Met  eene  algemeene  kaart  van  het  rijk  en  een  plattengrond  van  de 
haven  benevens  den  omstreek.    Amsterdam  :  8vo. 

418.  1830.  Allard,  liaurioe.— Considdrations  sur  la  difficult^  de  coloniser  la 
B^gence  d'Alger,  et  sur  les  rdsultats  probables  de  cette  colonisation.  Paris :  8vo, 
pp.  80. 

418.  1830.  Notice  statistique  et  historique  sur  le  royaume  et  la  ville  d'Alger. 
Clermont-Ferrand:  8vo. 

420.  1830.  Trapani,  Domingo  Giari,  Ex-agent  diplomatique  k  Alger. — 
Alger  tel  qu'il  est,  ou  tableau  statistique,  morale  et  politique  de  cette  regence. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  108, 1  plate. 

421.  1830.  Denni^,  lie  Baron,  Intendant  de  Tarmac  d'Afrique. — Precis  his- 
torique et  administratif  de  lacampagne  d'Afriquc.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  219,  and  illus- 
tration. 

422.  1830.    Quelques  Mots  sur  le  tr^sor  d'Alger.    Paris :  8vo. 

423.  1830.  Correspondance  avec  I'ambassadeur  de  S.M.  k  Paris  et  communica- 
tion de  I'ambasEadeur  lran9ais  k  Londrcs  relative  k  I'exp^dition  fran^ise  contre 
Alger. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHT  OF  ALGERU.  163 

424.  1830.  Capture  of  Algiereu-^Nile's  Weekly  Register,  Baltimore,  vol. 
xxxix.  p.  18  et  seq. 

This  gives  an  official  account  of  the  Capture  of  Algiers,  and  the  Secret  Treaty 
of  Tilsit  (9th  July,  1807)  giving  Egypt  and  the  Barbary  States  to  France,  and 
excluding  from  the  Mediterranean  all  but  French,  Russian,  Italian,  and  Spanish 
vessels. 

425.  1830.  Irft  Saiuaie.  Augier. — M^moire  sur  la  possibility  de  mettre  les  ^tab- 
lissements  fran9ais  de  la  cdte  septentrioDale  de  TAfrique  en  rapport  avec  ceux  de 
la  c6te  occidentale,  en  leur  donnant  pour  point  de  raccord  la  ville  centrale  et  com- 
mcrciale  de  Tombouctou.    Paris :  8vo. 

426.  1830.    B^flezions  sur  la  prise  d* Alger.    Marseille :  8vo. 

427.  1830.    Mufi^oerot,  Adolphe. — Les  esclaves  d* Alger.    Drame  en  3  actes  et 
en  vers.    Paris :  8vo. 

428.  1830.  Morgues,  H.  de. — Ualg4rienne,  ou  Chant  de  Yictoire  en  honneur  de 
la  prise  d'Alger.    Saint-Flour ;  8vo,  pp.  8. 

429.  1830.    MsBSon,  A. — Dithyrambe  sur  la  prise  d* Alger.    Nantes :  8vo,  pp.  4. 

430.  1830.    Monbrion. — Ode  sur  Texp^dition  d' Alger.    Paris :  8 vo,  pp.  8. 

481.  1830.  Barchou  de  Fenhoen,  Baron,  Capitaine  d'etat  major. — Chute 
d* Alger,  ou  destruction  de  la  Pimterie  dans  la  Mer  MdditerraD^.  Poeme.  Paris : 
8vo,  pp.  64. 

492.     1830.    Dupias,  Alexandre. — Expedition  k  Alger.    PoSme.    Paris :  8vo. 

4dd.  1830.  Oayet  de  Cesena,  Am^^. — Hymne  classique  sur  la  conquSte 
d' Alger.    Dijon. 

484.  1830.  Ija  Frensnte,  Marie  de. — Ode  sur  Pexp^dition  d'Alger  par  les 
Fran9ai&    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  8. 

Published  under  the  pseudonym  of  Fhilarmos. 

485.  1830.  Mareschal,  Jean  Pierre. — Stances  sur  la  guerre  d*Alger.  Paris ; 
8vo,  pp.  12. 

486.  1830.  Mendte  da  Costa,  B. — Le  Dey  d'Alger  chez  M.  de  Polignac: 
sc^ne  dramatique.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  24. 

487.  1830.    Femier,  J. — Alger  conquis.    PoSme.    Paris :  12mo,  pp.  12. 

488.  1830.    Barat,  8.  B.  F. — La  prise  d*Alger.    Ode.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  24. 

488.  1830.  Foujoly  A.— La  guerre  d'Alger.  Essai  de  poeme  politique  et  moral. 
Montpellier :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

440.  1830.  Valory,  Marquis  de. — Ode  sur  la  ConquSte  d'Alger  par  Tannic 
fran^se.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  8. 

441.  1830.  An  entire  new  Christmas  Flay,  entitled  The  Battle  of  Algiers 
[in  one  act  and  in  verse].    Devonport :  12mo. 

442.  1830.  Iiiskenne,  Iiouis. — Coup  d*(£il  sur  la  ville  d* Alger  et  ses  d^pen- 
dances,  ou  Esquisses  historiques,  politiques  et  g^graphiques  de  T^tat  alg^rien. 
Paris:  32mo. 

448.    1830.    ExpMition  oontre  Blida  et  Med^h,  Nov.  1830. 

1830.    E^cit  de  Texp^dition  centre  B6ne,  Aofit  1830.   Spect.  Milit.,  15  Dec. 

1831.  Belation  de  Tembarquement,  ^  bord  dc  la  fr6gate  la  Jeanne-d*Arc, 
command^e  ]>ar  M.  de  Lettr^,  de  Hussein  Pacha,  dernier  dey  d'Alger,  de  son  sdjour 
k  bord  avec  toute  sa  suite,  &c.     Ann.  Marit.,  t.  i.  p.  5. 


164  A  BlBLIOGUAniY  OF  AI.GKRrA. 

446.    1831.    DugaiUon,  A.  Bude. — Lea  Fnn^ais  snr  le  Mont  AtlM. 

446.  1831.  Susini,  de. — Les  adieiix  d'Hassela  rauba,  l'>cy  d' Alger,  a  M.  le  Comte 
Bebastiani,  MiciEtre  daa  afiaires  £tran;;erus.     A  pooiu.     Faiia:  4tu,  pp.  12. 

447.  1831.    Cagniaid,  Theodore  et  Hippolyte.— La  cocarile  tricolare.   1 
de  la  guorro  d' Alger.     Vaudeville  eo  3  aotes.     Paris ;  870,  pp.  64. 

44a     1831.    De  8aUe.— Aly-ie-Rennrd.     Pnris :  4to. 

449.  1831.  Natica  aur  le  mcdo  du.  gouverneinciit  prorisohement  ctabli  dftns  le- 
lloyaume  d' Alger.  Lithographed,  folio,  pji.  23.  Signed  by  the  "  Intendaiit  dil 
Hojflume  d'Alger." 

400.    1631.    MoatagoB,  D.  J.,    .^ucien  Administrateur. — Avaotagea  pour  Ia 
Fraace  de  coloniser   la  RiSgence   il'AIger.     Avec    indications  d'un  mode    de 
colonisation;  re'fiilation  d'uno  brochure inti In I(!  ' ConBid^mlioos  siirladiffioult4i' 
colonisBr  la  Ildgence  d'Alger  et  tiiir  lea  n^ultats  probables  de  cette  calonisati 
par  M,  A.     Paris  :  Svo,  pp.  11^, 

461.    1831.    OdoIaJit-DeBiioB,    Joseph. — I'ossibilit^   de    colooiser   Alger, 
mCmoire  dans  laquelle  on  di'montre  Ics  av.intBg(.'S  industriels  que  la  colonisatioa 
du  territoiro  d'Alger  procuremit  aus  eultivateura  di^  la  Ftnnce.    Paria :  8vo,  pp.  50. 

4S2.  1831.  Bartillat,  Arm.  L.  J.  Jeb.  Marquis  de.— Itclation  de  la  campagne 
d'Alriquo  en  1830,  ei  dea  ni^gociatians  qui  Tout  prtc&lfe,  avec  lea  piecea  officiek, 
dont  la  moiti^  £tait  in4di(e.     Paris.     A  se^^ond  edition,  Paris,  1833,  Svo,  pp.  132. 

468.    1S31.    Equisse  historiqiio  et  nt^icnle  de  rexpi^dition  d'Alger  en  1830,  pur 

un  officier  de  sant^  attache  an  quartier-g^ndral  de  rarracc  d'Afrique.     Pnria :  8to. 

464.    1831.    Ferrot,  A.  H.— La  ConquSte  d'Alger,  ou  Relation  de  hi  Campagne 

d'Abique,  cumprenant  les  motifs  de  la  guerre,  les  di^tnils,  les  preparatifa  de 

I'esp&lition.     Fans:  Svo,  map.  ^ 

464a.     1831.    Oouri.—Considt'ratio as  snr" Alger.    Paris:  rtvo.  ^H 

464b,    1831.    Eugene,  P.— Ln  v£rite  mi  Alger.    Paris:  Svo.  ^M 

4&4c.     1831.     Eoaet,— Notice  geologiqiie  aur  lea  environs  d'Alger,     Ann.  dea  Be 

Nat.,  March, 
466.    1831.    Berthesdne,  Baron  Fierrs.— Dix-liuit  mois  it  Alger,  on  Recit  des 
cvbnements  qui  s'y  aont  pasBi!3  depuis  le  H  juin  1830,  jour  de  diSbarqucment  de 
I'ann^e  fmii^aise,  il  la  fin  de  d£ceinbre  1831,     Montpellier:  Svo,  pp.  31G. 
Genersl  Berlhezfene  commanded  tbe  expeditionary  force. 
This  work   gave  rise  to  tbe  following  replies; — 'Notes  sur  Touvrage  du 
G^n^ral  B.,' pat  le  General  Baron  Delort,  Paris:  1834,  Svo,  pp.  92;  and 
'  Deux  Lettres  k  U.  le  Baron  1!.,'  {mr  Le  Chav.  K.  Louiyrette,  Paris :  1834, 
8ro,  pp.  12  and  32,  1  ])!nte,— See  1834,  Nos.  545,  548. 

466.  1831.  Louyretts.  Cbev.  W.  H.— Extrait  tlu  journal  d'nn  oBidar  Bap£- 
rieur,  ftc.    Paria:  Svo,  2  plates. 

467.    De  la  IWgence  d'Alger  et  dea  iivantagcs  que  la  possession  de  ce  pays- 

peut  procurer  ii  la  France.     Paris:  tfvo,  pp.  40. 

466.    1631.     Uangoy,  H.,  Chef  de  Bataillon  d'etat  Major.— Deuxi^me  Exj 
tioQ  sur  Meddah  7  ^  15  Dec.  1830.     Spectateur  Militaire,  p.  li 

The  narrative  d'  tbe  first  expedition  is  contaiucd  in  tbe  58th  number  of 


1 


'   A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  165 

459.  1831.  St.  Denis,  Baron  Juohereau  de. — Considerations  Statistiques, 
Historiques,  Militaires  et  Politiques  sur  le  K^gence  d' Alger.  Paris :  map,  8vq, 
pp.  328. 

Reviewed  in  the  Foreign  Quart.  Rev.,  1832,  vol.  ix.  pp.  145-75. 

460.    Ck>up  d'oeil  sur  la  Rdgence  d'Alger,  et  aper9u  des  operations  de 

Texpedition  de  1830.    Paris :  8vo. 

461.  1831.  Coup  d'oBil  sur  la  Campagne  d'Afrique  en  1830,  et  sur  les  ndgocia- 
tions  qui  I'ont  pr^ccdee  avec  Ics  pieces  officielles  dont  la  moiti^  ^tait  inedite. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  200. 

462.  1831.  Irftuvergne,  Hubert,  M6decin  en  Chef  de  la  Marine. — Histoire  de 
I'expedition  d*Afrique  en  1830,  &c.  *'Suivie»de  Trois  joumees  africaines.'  Poeme. 
Toulon  et  Paris :  8vo. 

463.  1831.  Volant,  le  Baron. — Intendant  du  Royaume  d' Alger.  Notice  sur  le 
GrouTemement  provisoirement  4tabli  dans  le  Royaume  d' Alger.    Paris :  8vo. 

464.  1831.  Hodgson,  W.  B.,  late  American  Consul  at  Algiers. — Hadji  Ebn-ed- 
din  El-Eghwaati.  Notes  of  a  journey  into  the  interior  of  North  Africa.  Trans- 
lated by  ...  .  Forming  part  of  Miscellaneous  Translations  from  Oriental 
Languages,  vol.  L  Printed  for  the  Oriental  Translation  Fund.  London:  8vo, 
pp.  29. 

465.  1831.  Vigny,  Alfred  de. — ^Anecdotes  historiques  et  politiques  sur  Alger. 
Rev.  des  deux  Mondes,  vol.  iii.,  iv. 

466.  1831.  Dezprez,  Ijieut.-G6n^ral.— Journal  d'un  ofBcier  de  Tarm^e 
d'Afrique.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  320. — See  also  Spec.  Milit.,  15th  September. 

467.  1831.  Quatrebarbes,  Th^od.  de. — Souvenirs  de  la  Campagne  d'Afrique. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  140. 

468.  1831.    Peyr6,  A. — Civilisation  de  TAfrique  Centrale.    Lyon :  8vo. 

469.  1831.  Case,  F.,  Secr^taire-G^n^ral  du  Gouvernement. — Notice  sur  Alger. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  38, 

470.  1831.  Chatelain,  Chevalier,  Lieut.-Col.  de  Cavalerie. — Mdmoire  sur  la 
colonisation  d'Alg^rie.     Paris :  8vo.     From  Spec.  Milit.,  15th  Aug.  et  seq, 

471.  1831.  Dubourg,  Q^n^raL — Sur  les  Colonies  Militaires  de  TAlgdrie. 
Paris:  8vo. 

472.  1831.  Montagne. — Avantage  pour  la  France  de  coloniser  la  R^gence 
d' Alger.    Paris:  8vo. 

479.  .  1831.  Iifiu^uto,  Baron  de.— Opinion  sur  la  colonisation  d^Alger.  Agen : 
Svo. 

474.  De  la  Colonic  d' Alger,  considdr^e  dans  ses  rapports  avec  nos  manu- 
factures, notre  commerce,  et  nos  pays  de  vignobles.     Paris :  8vo. 

475.  ■'  ilconomie  politique  des  Colonies,  d'Alger,  de  sa  ix)ssession,  &c. 
Agen :  8vo,  pp.  95. 

476.  1831.  Clauzel,  Bertrand,  Mar^chal  de  France,  Gonvemeur-G^n^ral  do 
I'Alg^rie. — Observations  du  .  .  ,  .  sur  quelques  actes  de  son  commandement  a 
Alger.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  164. — See  also  For.  Quart.  Rev.,  vol.  xiii.  pp.  74-106. 

477.  1831.    FemeL — Campagne  d'Afrique  en  1830.     Paris :  8vo. 
47a    1831.    VoUard.— Sur  la  colonisation  d'Alger.    Paris,  4to. 
479.    1831.    Qyn^phile. — Esquisses  Africaines. 


IM 


I  BIBLlOGIUPHy  OK  A1.«ERM. 


I 


4B0.  1831.  ICerla,  J.  T.,  KecruUire  da  CCe.  de  RoumiODt. — Anecdotal hirtoiiqou 
el  politiques  pourserviri  I'hiBloirede  laconqnfite  d' Alger.  Paris:  8vo,  [ip.  31"; 
noother  edition,  1832,  contains  plans  of  Sidi  Fernich,  Torre  Ciiica,  the  ndvancv  on 
Algiers  and  the  Kaebah. 

4S1.  1831.  Laeroii,  Dr.— Esquii*«  historique  et  miWicale  de  I'exp^dition 
d'Alger,  en  1830,  par  un  ofiicier  de  sanl^,  attach^  an  quartier  general  do  i'aimie 
d'AfCique.     Paria  ;  8vo,  4  iilates  of  llie  viper,  chameleon,  tiirlle  and  locust. 

48B.     1S31.     PoirBon.— EipMition  en  Afriiiue  en  1830.     Slraabourg:  S^fo. 

483.  1831-  Ebctrait  du  Journal  d'uo  ofhcler  sup^rieur  altochd  ^  la  deuxi^me 
division  de  Tarmfie  d'Afrique.  Paris;  8vo,  pp.  92,  with  2  plans.  Anon.;  attii- 
buted  to  General  Loverdo, 

488a.     1831.     IhEp^ditioii .  .  .  contre  Blidah  t-t  Culcah.     Spect.  Uilit.,  15th  Jan. 

484.  1832.  Clauael,  B.,  Marfchah  —  Discoura  a  la  Chnmbra  daa'Depnto* 
21  mars.     I'r&je'de  de  qwelqu^B  reflexions  adressiea  nus  ooloau  d'Alger. 

486.  1832.  BenoulL— Alger  clsa  coloniaation,  avec  des  considdrations  sur  I'im— 
portance  de  ee  jiays.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  64. 

486.  1832.    Duteil,  H.—Nt-ccssile  de  la  colonisation  d'Alger.    Paris:  8vo. 

487.  1832.  BEirtdllat,  Ilarquis  de,  Comdt.  le  Quartier-Gfn^ral  pendant  Ijk. 
Campagne. — Relation  de  h  Cflnipagne  d'Afrique  en  1830.  DeuxiJme  Cdiliou, 
Paris:  8vo,  pp.  si.  and  224. 

488.  1832.  Broaaurd,  Lo  G^ndrftL— D'Alger  et  dea  moyena  d'asaurer  sa  tran— 
qnUlitS.    Paris;  Hvo. 

489.  1832.    Carpentier,  P.— Alger,  le  Due  do  Rovigo  e 
roars  et  avril  1832.    EMoi  politique.    Suivi  de  coneeils  e 
pensablcs  axa  persoancs  qui  von t  s'^tablir  ii  Alger.    1' 
— Seo  also  the  For.  Quart.  Rtv.,  vol.  xiii.  p.  74. 

The  author  was  only  a  mootb  at  Algiers,  but  he 
cation  with  the  Governor  and  the  Intcndant  Civil,  and  at 
disa«trous  disunion  between  these  two  functionaries. 
400.    1832.    Prfiaiuc-Loord,  Culooel  d'Artilleric—Rti  flection  a  s 

du  terril«ire  d'Alger.     Paris :  8vo,  maps  nnd  plans. 
461.    1832,    Barchou  de  FenhoSn,  Baron. — Mc'tnoirca  d'un  oSiclcr  d'£tat- 

Major,  CawiiiagTie  d'Afrique.    Paris:  8vo. 
48B,    1832.    Baynal,   Paul    Chaudru   de. — Do    la    doraiuation  fraiigaise  ax 

Afrique,  et  des  priocipales  quesiions  que   fait   naltre  Voccupatiou  de   ce  iafB> 

Paris:  8vo,  pp.  154,  with  map. 
498.    1832.    BravBis,   Lieut,  de    Vaisseau. — Caiojiagnes    hj'drogiaphiques  sur 

les  cCtes  de  TAIgdric. 
494.    1832.    Iioiaelenr-Dealongcliamps,    Jean   Iiouis    Augusta. — RapporC 

sur  les  cultures  qu'il  aerait  utile  d'introduiie  ou  da  perfeclionner  dans  la  colonic 

d'Alger.     8vo,  pp.  32.     Fublicalion  of  the  Soc.  de  Hort.  do  Paris. 
496.    1832.    Bapport  fait  ^  la  Soci£i£  d'Horticoliuro  au  nom  d'nne  commisMoo 

....  sur  lea  cultures  qui  pounaient  Ctre  mile  i  la  colonio  d'Alger.    8vo,  pp.  32. 
480.    1832  ?     De   la   Culture   du  Tabao  en  Alg^rie.     So    date  or  plaM. 

Pp.48. 
4B7.    1832.    Pbaraon,  Joannf. — Grammaire  ^l^mcntaire  d'Arabo  vulgaire  oa 

Algfriennc  i.  I'uaage  dea  Fronpais.     Toulon  et  Paris :  6vo,  pp.  100. 


;  Monsieur  PJcbon  eo 

!t  renseignemenlB  indis- 

:  Svo,  pp.  45  and  viii. 


B  in  frequent  o 

IV  a  good  deal  of  the 


ir  la  colonisaiioii 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHr  OF  ALGERIA.  167 

486.     1832.    Viardot»  Iiouis. — ^Easai  sur  Thistoire  des  Arabes  et  des  Maures. 
PariB ;  2  vol.  8vo. 

499.     1832.    Bubio,  CL  Ant— Relation  de  la  giierre  d'Afriqnc.    Paris :  2  vol. 
8vo. 

6O0.     Voyage  dans  la  B^enoe  d* Alger.    Paris :  3  vol.  8vo,  plates. 

501.    Alger.    Inserted  in  the  XJnivers  Pittoresque. 

602.     1832.    Salle,    Soa^be   de.— La   Ck)Dqu^te  d'Alger.     Revue    des    Deux 
Mondes,  Ist  March. 

S08.    1832.    Barohou    de    Fenhoen,    Baron.  —  Souvenirs  do    TexpMition 
d'Afrique.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  80.    From  the  Rev.  des  deux  Mondes. 

1832.  Hain,  Victor- Armand. — A  la  Nation :   sur  Alger.    Paris :  8vo, 
pp.  156. 

The  writer,  like  so  many  others,  bases  the  justice  of  French  occupation  of 
Algiers  on  their  having  abolished  piracy  and  Christian  slavery,  ignoring  the  fact 
that  this  had  been  accomplished  by  Lord  Exmouth  in  1816. 

.  1832.  Purdy,  John.— New  Sailing  Directory  for  the  Straits  of  Gibraltar 
and  the  Western  Division  of  the  Mediterranean.    London :  8vo. 

.    1832.    Venture  de  Faradis. — Principes  de  la  langue  berbere.    Paris :  4to. 

.  1832.  Ndoeseit^  de  la  colonisation  d'Alger  et  des  Emigrations. 
Moyens  d*execution,  objections,  details  statistiques,  compagnie  gdn^rale  d^exploi- 
tation,  cultures,  r^ultats  . . .  civilisation  de  TAfrique  par  toutes  les  puissances  de 
TEurope,  par  V.  H.  D.    Paris :  8vo. 

.  1832.  Fr^airc,  Lt.-Colonel  d'Artillerie  de  la  Marine. — Reflexions  sur  la 
colonisation  du  territoire  dAlger.  Paris :  8vo,  plates.  Reviewed  by  Ijesson  in 
Ann.  Marit.,  t.  i.  p.  261. 

.  1832.  D'Ault  Dnmesnil,  E.,  OfiGcier  d'Ordonnance  to  Mardchal  de 
Bourmont — De  I'exp^dition  d'Afrique  en  1830  et  do  la  conquSte  d'Alger.  Paris: 
8vo,  pp.  148. 

Several  other  editions  have  been  published,  the  last  being  Paris,  1868,  8vo, 

pp.  522.    The  writer  observes  "  L'Algdrie  ne  pent  Stre  colonisee  que  si  elle  est 

^vang^is^." 

a.  1832.  Ffeiffer,  Simon  Frederic. — ^Meine  Reiscn  und  meine  fiinfjahrige 
Gcfangenschaft  in  Algier.     G lessen  :8vo.    With  a  preface  by  Dr.  Schmitthenner. 

.    1832.     Ijachari^re,  A.  C.  de. — Du  Syst^me  de  Colonisation  suivie  par  la 
France.    Paris:  8va 

LO.  1832.  De  Bartillat. — Relation  de  la  campagne  d'Afrique  en  1830.  Paris : 
2  vol.  4to. 

LI.  1832.  Thierry,  Ferdinand. — Notices  sur  la  Gr^ce  et  la  Corse  suivies 
d'nn  coup  d'oeil  rapide^sur  Texp^ition  d'Afrique  et  ddtail  exact  des  marchandises 
que  contenait  les  Magasins  de  la  Casbah,  r^idence  du  Dey.    Paris :  24 mo. 

2.    1832.    F^rinte — La  conquete  dAlger  en  1830.    Poeme  en  3  chants.   Paris  : 
8vo,  pp.  96. 

8.    1833.    M^moire  sur  la  R^gence  d'Alger.   Aper9u  des  moyens  employes  pour 
sa  colonisation.    Paris :  3  vol.  8vo. 

1833.  Boset,  Capitaine  C.  A. — L'Algdrie :  £tude.  L'Univers  Pittoresque. 

■  Voyage  dans  la  R^nce  dAlger  ou  description  du  pnys  occup^  par 
I'ami^   fran9aise  en  Afrique,  con  tenant  des    observations   sur   la  gdographie 


V 


1G8  A   llUiLIOGHAPHY  OF  ALHERIA. 

pliysique,  la  g^ologju,  la  aitteorologk',  niistoire  natureilp,  &&    Pftrii;  8  »oT.-8w^ 
pp.  286,  362,  and  432.    Atlas,  4to,  with  30  plates. 

Aa  important  work  :  vol.  i.  is  dedicated  to  Nature;  vol.  it.  to  Uan;  vol,  iii. 
to  Algiers,  Oran,  &c. — Sec  nlao  For.  Quart.  Rev.,  vol.  siii.  p.  74  atid  xix.  p.  1. 

616.  1833.    BasBet,  M.  Band. — Notes  do  lexicogtaphieBerUre.  Joura.  Asialjqne, 
April-June  1883,  p.  281. 

617.  1833.    SesBore,  £.,  et  W.  Wyld. — Toyagc  pittoresque  dans  la  B^euca 
d' Alger.     Paris :  folio.     2nd  edition,  183i5. 

618.  1833.    Algiers,  French  policy  at.— See  Qoarierly  lieview,  vol.  xlii.  p.  523. 

619.  1633.    Bannister,  a— Appet  en  favour  d'Algur  et  de  I'AliJque  da  Nord; 
jiar  un  Anglais.    Paris :  Svo,  pp.  30. 

The  author  (whose  uame  is  not  attached  to  bis  work)  advocates  the  restorn- 
tioa  of  the  country  to  tlin  nalivcB. 

620.  1833.    Pharaan,   Joanny. — De  la  l^;^islntion  Fraiii,'U9e,  Musulmane  et 
Juive  h  Algar.     faiis :  Svo.     A  work  of  no  value. 

621.  1833.    Barrachin,  Doctaur. — Discouis  preliininnire   exposant    lea  con- 
sideratious  qui  doivuul  servir  de  bnse  ati  systeme  adminisCratif  propre  k  la  R^Dce 

I  d' Alger.    Paris:  Svo,  pp.  40. 

■  622.     Note  troduite  de  I'Ambe  adrcssfe  par  lea  princtpaux  habitiuiad'Alger 

^^■^  pricfidco  d'nn  avant-propoa.     Paris :  Svo,  pp.  305. 

^^^1  62S.     1833.    Qradis,  Benjamin.— Coup  d'otil  sur  lea  colonies,  et  cq  particulier 

^^H  aur  celle  d'Algcr.     Parts :  Svo,  pp.  4S. 

^^^H  634.     1833.     'M.e.ffre. — La  Kabylie.     Tlecherches  et  observations  snr  cette   riclie 

^^^H  contr^D  de  I'Algerie,  par  tin  colon,  £tabli  i   Bougie   depots   tes   premiers  joara 

^^^B  d'octobro  1633.     Paris :  Svo,  with  a  plan  of  the  port. 

^^^H  A  well'Written  pamphlet,  with  much  valuable  int'onnation  regarding  the 

^H 

^^^H  626.     1833.    Bonnelier,  Hipp.~Ma;urs  d'Algcr  ;  Jnives  et  Mauresi^ui's.    Paris: 

^^H  pp. 

^^^H  626.    1833.    BabLneau    de    Bougon,    psctidonym  for    Jules    Juchaud  de  In 

^^^H  Moriciire,  officer  of  Engineers,  brother  of  the  well-known  Geoeral. — Quelques 

^^^H  '  id^es  sur  Alger  et  sur  les  travaux  de  la  commiiiHion.      Paris  et  Nantes :    I 

^^^H  pp.  CO,  with  map  of  Algeria. 

^^^^1  The  author  proposes  to  attract  population  by  making  free  ports  oi 

^^^B  of  Singapore,  and  greatly  to  increase  the  army. 

^^  681 

■  '' 

I 


uelques 


686a.     1833.     Capp4,    Di'putd  d'Alger.— Letlre  1  MM.   les  redacteurs  des  joor- 

it  il  loiiB  les  citoyens,     Paris:  Svo. 
687.    1833.    Foucqueron,  J.,  Cbimrgien, — Essai  topograpldque  et  medical  sar 
la  Ei^genccj  d'Alger.     Paris :  Svo,  pp.  108.     Published  l>y  order  of  the  Minister  of 
War. 

1833.  Sidi  H&mdaa  Bin  Othman  Ehoja. — Aper^u  Hiatorique  et  stu- 
tistique  sur  la  Ki^gence  d'Alger,  intitule  en  Arabe  '  Le  Mlroir,'  tradnit  en  fran^aia 
par  Hassouna  Daghiz  of  Tripoli.     Paris :  Svo,  pp.  iv.  and  456. 

Sidi  Uamdan  had  been  the  intimate  friend  of  Hussein  Dey,  and  was  made 
Agha  of  the  Arabs  round  about  Algiers  by  the  Duo  de  Rovigo.  He  was  eeni. 
a  misEJOQ,  and  is  said  to  have  acted  most  treacherously.  Genera!  Clanael 
removed  him,  when  he  is  said  to  have  written  the  work  in  question,  but  it  is 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGEUIA.  169 

more  than  doubtful  whether  there  ever  was  an  Arabic  text.-*See  Nos.  543ay 
5455. 

629.     1833.    Fichon,   Baron  Ii.   A.,  iDtendant  Civil  d' Alger. — Alger  sous  la 
domination  frangaise ;  son  ^tat  present ;  son  avenu:.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  509,  3  maps. 
An  interesting  study  of  the  condition  of  the  country  during  the  two  years 
succeeding  the  conquest. — See  also  the  For.  Quart  Rev.^  vol.  xiii.  p.  74. 

530.  1833.  TTiLTnAiiTt. — Notice  sur  Alger  par  un  tdmoin  oculaire.  Paris:  8vOy 
pp.  28. 

The  autiior  severely  criticises  Baron  Pichon,  Intendant  Civil,  who  refused  to 
comply  with  the  Due  de  Rovigo's  suggestion  that  the  writer  should  be  created 
'•  Agent  Colonial." 

581.  X833.  F^roBsac,  Baron  I>'Audebart  de. — M^moire  sur  la  colonisation 
de  IsL  B^nce  d*Alger.  Principes  qui  doivent  servir  de  regies  pour  cette  colo- 
imtion;  syst^me  de  defense  k  adopter  pour  garantir  la  Colonic.  Paris:  8to, 
pp.  3LsviL  and  52. — See  also  For.  Quart.  Rev.,  voL  xiii.  p.  74. 

538.  X833.  Brossard,  Q^n^ral,  Marquis  de. — M^moire  pr^sente  ^  M.  le 
Marechal  Due  de  Dalmatic,  sur  les  moyens  d'assurer  la  s^curit^  du  territoire  de  la 
colonie  d'Alger.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  viii.  and  92. — See  also  For.  Quart.  Rev.,  vol.  xiii. 

p.  74. 

53^  1833.  Ficquet,  Charles. — Ax)er9u  historique,  statistique  et  topographique 
sur  V^tat  d*AJger  ^  I'usage  de  Tarm^  exp<Sditionnaire.  Avec  plans,  vues  et 
costumes.    R^g^  au  D^pot  G^n^ral  de  la  Guerre.    Paris :  8vo,  atlas. 

This  contains  a  resume  of  all  that  was  known  regarding  Algiers  at  the 

time. 

595.   1833.    Becherches  sur  Thistoire  de  la  R^gence  d*Alger.    Acaddmie  des 
Sciences. 

588.    1833.    Programme  des  iDstructions  pour  la  Commission  Sp^ciale  ^  envoyer 
en  Afiique,  22  juin  1833.     Paris :  4to,  pp.  24. 

537.    1833.    Petition  des  principaux  habitants  d'Alger.    Paris :  8vo.    Claiming 
civil  government. 

537a.  1833.'  Petition  des  colons  d'Alger  ^  la  Chambre  des  Deputes.  Paris:  8vo. 
In  favour  of  the  military  system  of  Marechal  Clauzel. 

538.     1833.  liaverdo,  Ijieut.-Q6n6ral. — De  la  R^gence  d'Alger  et  des  avantages 
que  la  possession  de  ce  pays  pent  procurer  k  la  France.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  36. 
From  the  Spectateur  Militaire,  15th  May. 

589.  1833.  Clauzel,  Bertrand,  Marshal  de  France. — Nouvelles  observations 
sur  la  colonisation  d'Alger,  adress^es  ^  M.  le  Marechal,  Ministre  do  la  Guerre, 
Pr^ident  du  Conseil.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  43. 

In  an  appendix  is  a  letter  from  Desfontaines  the  celebrated  botanist,  who 
had  travelled  all  over  Algeria  in  1784-5,  bearmg  witness  to  the  fertility  of  the 
country. 

540.  1833.  Plandln,  J.  B. — La  Rcgence  d'Alger  peut-on  la  coloniser?  comment? 
Paris :  8vo. — See  also  iso.  561. 

541.  1833.    Montague. — Physiologic  morale  et  physique  d'Alger.    Paris :  8vo. 

1833.  Qardens  de  Boisse,  Sous-Lieutenant.— La  Ruse  en  amour,  ou 
l*attaque  du  camp  par  les  Bedouins.  Vaudeville  en  deux  actes,  suivi  de  Ponies 
di verses.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  52. 


170  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

548.  1833  ?  Courtiges,  M.  de,  Chef  d^Escadron  d'£  rat-Major.— Un  mot  sar 
les  diffSrents  travaux  proposes  pour  ia  defense  de  la  plaine  de  la  M^tidja.  Alger : 
8vo,  pp.  22. 

544.  1833.  Alger,  on  Gonsid^ratioDs  sur  I'^tat  actuel  de  oette  R^Doe ;  sor  la 
D^essit^  d*eD  achever  la  oonquSte  et  sur  le  moyen  d'j  ^tablir  des  colonies.  Par 
Tin  ancien  Payeur  k  Tarm^e  d'Afrique.    Paris  :  8vo. 

545.  1834.  Berthte^ne,  Baron,  Lieut.-G^n^raL — Dix-huit  mois  k  Alger,  on 
r^cit  des  ^vdnemens  qui  s'y  sont  pass^,  depuis  le  14  juin  1830,  jour  de  d^barqoe- 
ment  de  I'arm^  fran^aise,  jusqu'^  la  fin  de  d^cembre  1831.  2nd  edition, 
Montpellier :  8vo,  pp.  305 ;  Ist  edition  in  1831. 

The  author  commanded  the  French  expeditionary  force  in  1830. 

545a.  1834.  Sztrait  de  VObservateur  des  Tribunaux.  Refutation  de  I'oavrage  de 
Sidy  Hamdan-ben-Othman  Ehoja  (No.  528).    Paris :  8vo. 

545b.  1834.  Eztrait  de  rObscrvateur  des  Tribunaux.  R^ponse  k  la  '  Refutation 
de  Touvrage  d'Hamdan-Khoja.'  Historique  et  statistique  sur  la  R^gence  d*Alger. 
Paris :  8vo. 

546.  1834.  Iioverdo,  Oen^ral  Ck)]nte. — Lettre  k  Monsieur  le  Lieat.-Gen.  Baron 
Berth^z^ne,  auteur  de  Touvrage  intitule  Dix-huit  mois  a  Alger.  Montpellier: 
8vo,  pp.  11. 

547.  1834.  Berth^zdne,  Oen^raL — Rdponse  k  la  lettre  du  G^n^ral  Loverdo. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

548.  1834.  Iioverdo,  G(^n^ral  Comte. — Refutation  de  la  lettre  que  pr^c^e. 
Paris. 

549.  1834.  Delort,  G(^n^ral  Baron. — Notes  sur  Touvrage  du  Gdn^l  Berth^- 
z^ne,  intitule, '  Dix-huit  mois,  &c.*     Paris :  pp.  vii.  and  81. 

550.  1834.  Ijouyrette,  lie  Chevalier  H. — Deux  Lettres  k  M.  le  G^n^ral 
Berthdz^ne.    Paris :  pp.  12  and  32,  with  a  plate. 

551.  1834.  Begency  of  Algiers.  Wcstm.  Rev.,  vol.  xx.  pp.  132-41,  gives 
an  account  of  the  French  operations. 

552.  1834.  Algiers.  The  Penny  Mag.,  vol.  iii.  pp.  489-92,  describes  the  town 
and  its  history. 

558.    1834.    Suau,  EdouarcL — Scbncs  de  France  et  d'Afrique.    Paris :  8va 

554.  1834.  Goumerie,  Eugene  de  la. — La  B^rnaise:  Episodes  des  guerres 
d'Afrique.    Paris :  8vo. 

555.  1834.  Bonnafont,  J.  Pierre. — ^Tb^e  sur  les  plaies  d'armes  4  feu  obscrv^es 
en  Afrique.    Montpellier. 

555a.  1834.  Barruohin,  Dr. — Lettre  k  MM.  les  membres  de  la  Chambre  des 
Pairs  ....  suivie  d'un  discours  ou  expose  des  considerations  qui  doivent  servir 
de  bases  au  syst^me  administratif  propose  k  la  R^gence  d'Alger.    Paris :  8vo. 

556.  1834.  Capp^,  Judge  at  Oran. — Projet  d'am^Iioration,  sous  le  double  rapport 
dconomiquc  et  orgaoique,  des  administrations  civil,  judiciaire  ct  militaire  dans 
les  possessions  fran^aises  d'Afrique  du  nord.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  14. 

557.    Quelques  mots  adress^  ^  la  grande  commission  d'Alger,  au  sujet  de 

sa  mission,  et  dMi^s  ^  la  Chambre  des  D^putds,  k  la  Chambre  des  Pairs  et  au  Con- 
soil  d'£tat.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  31. 

558.    Note  foumie  ^  M.  le  Lieutenant-Gr^n^ral  Comto  d'Erlon,  Gouvemeur- 

GcDcral,  au  sujet  du  respect  de  la  propridte,  dquitablcment  concilia  en  raison  des 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  171 

circonstances  et  des  lieuK  avec  le  logemcnt  militaire  permanent  chez  Phabitant. 
Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  16. 

'.    1834.    Hedde  ain^,  J.  A. — Observation  sur  la  colonisation  de  la  B^gence 
d' Alger.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

1834.    Colonisation  de  Pex-r6gence  d' Alger. — Documents  officiels  de- 
poses sur  le  bureau  de  la  Chambre  des  Deputes.    Paris  :  8vo,  1  map. 

1.     1834.     Flandin. — De    la  H^gence  d'Alger.    Solution  de  ces  questions. 
Doit-on  conserver  cette  B^gence?  etc.    Paris:  8vo. — See  No,  540. 

62.    Prise  de  possession  des  triors  d' Alger.    B^ponse  au  M^moire  pr^ntu 

h  la  Cour  de  Cassation  (Chambre  Criminelle),  par  Me.  Dalloz,  avocat  des  Sieurs, 
Gdn^ral  Tholoz^,  Dennie,  &c.    Without  date.    Paris :  4to,  pp.  103. 

►^3.    1834.    Cerfberr    de    Medelsheim,    A.  —  Du    gouvemement    d' Alger. 
Paris:  8vo. 


1834.  Brivaaac,  lie  Comte  H.  de,  Juge  Boyal  k  66nc. — De  TAlgcrie  et 
de  sa  colonisation.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  158. 

.  1834.  Montagne,  D.  J.,  Ancien  Administrateur. — Physiologic  morale  ct 
physique  d' Alger.    Marseille :  8^0,  pp.  334. 

1834.  Hapports  de  la  Commission  d'Afrique,  institute  par  ordounance  du 
roi  du  12  dec.  1833.    Paris  :  4to,  pp.  539. 

.  1834.  Froo^s-verbaux  et  rapports  de  la  Commission  nommde  par  le  roi, 
le  7  juillet  1833,  pour  aller  recueillir  en  Afrique  tons  les  fait:$  propres  ^  ^lairer 
le  gouvemement  sur  Tdtat  du  pays  et  sur  les  mesures  que  reclame  son  avenir. 
Paris :  2  vol.  4to.  Numerous  discussions  in  the  Chamber  of  D^put<$s  regarding 
the  two  *  Commissions  d'Afrique,'  may  be  found  in  the  Moniteur  for  1834. 

1834.  Montfort,  Q^n^raL — Eapport  sur  les  travaux  publiques  lu  k  la 
Commission  d' Alger.    Paris :  4to. 

1834.  Commission  d'Afirique.  Eapport  sur  Porganisation  et  Tadminis- 
tration  de  la  justice  dans  les  possessions  francaises  sur  la  cdte  scptentrionale 
d'Afrique.    Paris :  4to,  pp.  35. . 

70.  1834.  Qr&berg  da  Hemso,  Count  J.  C. — Notizia  intomo  alia  famosa 
opera  istorica  d'lbn-u-Khaldtm,  filosofo  afifricano  del  secolo  xiv.    Firenze. 

^1.  1834.  liaurence,  D^put^ — Discours  dans  la  discussion  de  la  partie  du 
budget  de  la  guerre  relative  k  la  colonisation  de  TAlg^rie.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  38. 
From  the  Moniteur. 

71a.  1834.  Collection  des  Actes  du  Gouvemement  depuis  I'occnpation 
d'Alger,  jusqu'aa  1"  octobre  1834.    Alger :  8vo. 

71b.  1834.  Bulletin  oflBciel  des  actes  du  Gouvemement  8vo.  Commenced 
October  1834  and  still  continued. 

1834.    Ijaffill^,  Ch.— La  Prise  d* Alger.    Poeme.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  8. 

1834.  Petitions  des  Colons  d' Alger  k  la  Chambre  des  Ddput^  suivies  de 
oelle  des  n^ocians  de  Marseille.    Marseille  :  8vo. 

^74.    1834.    Daqjou,  F. — Projet  pour  Ventreprise  d' Alger.    Contained  in  Archives 
CQiienses  de  lliistoire  de  France,  2  s^rie,  t.  x.  pp.  79-88,  8vo. 

^76.  1834.  Kaisonne,  Nicolas  de  la. — De  la  souverainet^  de  la  France  en 
Afnqae  par  roccnpation  restreinte  et  le  systdme  de  razzias.  Avignon :  8vo,  pp.  16. 


173 


V  IHBLKMillAPfly  OV  ALdF.niA. 


1834.    Coatellan,  K.  de. — KeUtion  contennnt  diverees  partkoIaritsB'^e 

■t  entre  autres  In  retniitie  <]e«  trouppei  fran^oises.    Ccc!- 
Lx.  ]ip.  100-21.     ]"ftris:8B0. 
577.     1834.    Petit  dictiomuure  des  coutumea,  costutneti  et  UBages  iftniDgeTB  aux 

Aralics.    8vi). 
678.    1834,    MSmoire  sur  la  cftloflisatidn  Jc  lit  Bdgenoe  d'Alger,  par  va  ofFici«r 

siip^rieur.     S|>ect.  Milit.,  IStii  March. 
B79.     18.14.     Bonet,  Lieutenant- CWn^ra]  Comte. — Mi^moire  militure  lu  &  U 
liiiance  de  la  Commission  d'Afriquo,  11  Janvier  1834.     Paris;  4to,  pp.  10. 

Ob  givcB  an  accuimt  of  Algeria,  and  conoliides  that,  in  apite  of  the  oneroos 
nature  □[  the  eoDqiiest,  France  should  retain  the  country. 
580.    1684.    Duval-DwUy.— lUpfjort  aur  In  Marine.    Rend  on  tli 
Pnria :  4to,  pp.  10. 

This  gives  an  account  of  the  coast-line. 
681.     1834,     UonTort,  G6n6raL— Hnpport  aur  lea  travaui:  yahUc 
same  occasion.     Paria  :  4ti>,  pp.  2M. 

582.  1834.     I/e   Comte   d'H  •  ■  '  (Haubersaert),— Itapports  si 
pcrcevoir  sut  les  Anibca.     lieoil  on  the  same  occasion.     Paris :  Sv 

583.     Rapport  sur  la  fondation  do  la  Mecqiie  et  Mddine  et 

ments  pieus.     Read  on  the  same  occnsion,     Paris;  8vo,  pp.  12. 

Jlegarding  the  religious  estahlishmeiits  in  Algeria. 


les   tribata  i 

pp.  8. 

itrea  6tBbIuHe- 


1834.    Reynard.— Rapport  s: 
;  occasion.     Paris :  8vo. 


t  Ics  Douanca.    Read  ou 


'  les  Chevaos  Aiabes.    litht^replieii,  4to, 

)  study  this  qucBtion  in  Algeria. 

r  k  culture  du  Nopal  ei 


'4 


584.  1834.    BouTtar.— Rapport  su: 

pp.  51. 

He  was  lient  by  the  Minister  U 

585.  1834,    li08^„  Cbirui^ien  i\  la  Marine. — Mctuoiro  ai 
r^lucotion  de  la  Coohenillo.    Alger  :  8vo,  pp.  14. 

The  author  was  charged  by  Government  to  acclimatise  the  cochineal. 

586.  1834.    Berard,  Capitalne. — Rccuunaissance  hydrographi<|Qe  faito  sor  les 
H  cCtca  de  TAlgi'Tie  par  .  .  .  oommaudant  1b  brick  "  Le  Loiret,"  1833-1834.      ■  ' ' 
680a.    1834.    Filhou,  Cooiiuandant.^Notice  sur    leu    tntvnux  astronoiuiqDBE, 
■_■  s&idfeiiqiieB  et  iD'^tikirolosifiueB,  eiecutfe  1  Al;er  <3o  1B30-]  833.     Paria ;  8vo. 

687.  183.'}.  Fran^oia-Laorouts,  J.  B.,  FrfaideDt  du  tribunal  de  conmera! 
d'Alger.— Notes  sur  Alger  il  roccasion  du  budget  jiour  Tannde  1836.  Paris : 
4io,  pp.  35, 

Gives  detailed  atatistlcs  of  the  trade  of  Alters  nnd  of  the  receipts  and 
expvoditure  of  the  colouy,  showing  that  it  costs  rather  more  than  dglit  millioM 
of  fraoca  per  annum, 
588.    183S.     CNnty  de  Busay,  P.,  Fjous-intcodant  Militaive.— Uo  I'dUblia^meat 
dcs  Frani^is  dans  la  Ri-gence  d'Alger.  et  les  uioycna  d'en  assurer  In  pros[>L-riic. 
Soivis  d'un  grand  nombre  de  piiices  justificatives.    Paris :  2  toI,  8vo,  pp.  5Stt 
and  263.     A  second  edition  in  1839,  2  vol.,  pp.  454  and  407. 
Very  correct  for  the  time. 

688,  1S36.  Dureau  de  la  Halle. — Itecberchcs  sur  I'bistoire  de  la  parlie  de 
rAfrique  seplentrionsle  connue  sous  le  rom  do  Rvgence  d'Alger  et  anr  r^dmjow- 
tration  et  la  colouisi^tion  de  cq  pays  :i  I'epoquc  do  la  donimatioa  romaine,  par  un 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  173 

commission  de  TAcad^mie  Boyale  des  Inscriptions  et  Bcllcs-Lettres  (MM. 
Walckenaer,  Ease,  Doreau  de  la  Malle,  Et.  Quatremere  et  Jaubert).  Pablices 
par  ordie  dn  Ministre  de  la  Guerre.  Tome  l''^  le  scul  paru,  pp.  149.  Edited  by 
M.  Dnreau  de  la  Malle. 

590.  1835.    Algier  wie  es  ist.    Mit  einer  Karte.    Lief.  2,  8vo. 

591.  1835.    Chambre  de  Commerce  de  IiiUe. — Colonisation  d'Alger. 

592.  1835.     Chabannes,  Iiieut.-Colonel. — De  Torganisation  de  la  cavalerie  en 
Afrique.    Spect.  Milit.,  15th  May. 

592a.    1835.    GkdUard,  Capt.-— De  la  creation  de  corps  indigenes  en  Afrique. 
1.  c,  15th  June. 

598.  1835.  Bard,  Joseph. — ^Voya<;e  d'^tudes  de  Tunis  k  Gibraltar  par  1 'Afrique 
Fran9ai8e.    Vienne,  8vo. — See  also  No.  1711. 

594.  1835.  Avesaa — ^Itin^raires  dans  I'int^rieur  de  I'Afrique  septentrionale,  et 
discussion  d*un  nouveau  canevas  geoddsique  de  cette  region.    Paris :  8va 

This  also  appears  as  Relation  d'un  voyage  dans  rint<§rieur  d* Afrique 
septent  in  the  BulL  de  la  Soc.  de  G^g.,  2  s^iie,  t.  i.  pp.  277  et  seq. 

595.  1835.  Becherohes  sur  lliistoire  de  la  B^ence  d'Alger.  Par  une  commis- 
sion nommde  par  I'Acad^mie  des  Sciences,  1835.     Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  149. 

596.  1835.  Oran  sous  le  Commandement  du  G^ne'ral  Des  Michels.  Paris  :  8v0y 
pp.  256. 

597.  1835.    An  Algerine  CommissioxL    Westm.  Rev.,  vol.  xxii.  pp.  212>26. 

Gives  an  account  of  the  Commission  sent  to  Algiers  by  Louis  Philippe. 

596.  1835.  Barohou  de  PenhoSn,  Baron. — ^M^moires  d'un  Officier  d'liltat- 
Major,  Ezp^tlon  d' Afrique.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  437. 

The  writer  accompanied  General  Berth^z^ne  as  his  A.D.C. 

599.  1835.    Oaler, Sdward. — Lifeof  Admiral  Viscount  Exmouth.  London:  8vo. 

A  new  and  revised  edition  published  in  1854,  pp.  235. 

600.  1835.  Baude,  Baron  J.  J. — Du  systdme  d'^tablissement  a  suivre  en  Alg^ie. 
Revue  des  Deux  Mondes,  15  April,  pp.  32. 

601.  1835.  Maillot,  F.  C. — Recherches  sur  les  fi^vres  intermittentes  da  Nord  de 
rAirique.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  48. 

602.  1885.  Temple;  Sir^Qrenville. — Excursions  in  the  Mediterranean,  Algiers, 
and  Tunis.  London :  2  vol.  8vo,  pp.  361  and  358,  2  illustrations,  2  maps,  and 
copies  of  inscriptions,  especially  of  the  celebrated  bilingual  stone  of  Dougga. 

An  admirable  and  scholarly  account  of  his  journeyings  in  the  two  countries 
daring  1832-3.  The  original  drawings  made  during  his  expedition  are 
nnmerous  and  of  great  interest.  One  of  them  was  published  in  the  work 
above  quoted,  and  thirteen  others  in  '  The  Shores  and  Islands  of  the  Mediter- 
ranean,' Rev.  G..K.  Wright.  London,  Fisher  &  Son,  1839 :  4to.  The  originals 
are  in  the  possession  of  Sir  Lambert  Playfair. — See  also  No.  821. 

608.  1835.  Benault,  Eugene. — ^Alger  et  sa  colonisation,  aveo  dos  considerations 
sur  I'importance  de  ce  pays.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  64. 

604.  1835.  Aubignoae,  P.  Ii.  B.  d' — ^Alger.  Nouveau  systeme  d'occupation  et 
d'exploitatioD,  etc.    Paris  :  4to,  pp.  20. 

606.  1835.  Gktsparin,  Comte  Ag^nor  de. — La  France  doit-clle  conserver 
Alger?    Paris:  8vo. 


174  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

606.  1835.  Fetiet,  Gto^ral  Baron  Au^^uBta. — Journal  historique  de  la 
troiflieme  division  de  I'arm^e  d*Afrique.     Paris :  8yo. 

This  journal  origiDally  appeared  in  the  Spectateur  Militaire  for  1830« 

607.  1835.  Flandrin,  J.  B.»  Sous-intendant  Militaire. — Prise  de  la  possession 
des  tr^sors  d* Alger.     Paris  :  4to. 

608.  1835.    Vaillant,  Colonel. — Lettres  sur  Mascara. 

608.  1835.  Bozet. — Voyage  dans  la  lUgence  d*Alger  oa  description  du  pays  occupe 
par  Tarm^  fran^aise  en  Afrique.    Paris :  3  yoL  8vo.    Atlas,  folio. 

610.  1835.  Beaulaxd,  Ijouia. — Un  voyage  en  Afrique  ou  description  d' Alger. 
LyoD  :  12mo,  pp.  24,    2nd  ed.,  Bordeaux :  1837. 

611.  1835.  Proete  Verbal  de  Taudienoe  donn^  par  le  Boi-le  12avril  1835,  aux 
del^guds  des  colons  d'Alger.     Paris :  4to. 

612.  1835.    Maznel,  Ijieut. — Lettre  au  Ck>lonel  Yaillant,  sur  Mascara. 

« 

618.  1835.  Passy,  M.,  D^put^  de  TEure. — Rapport  fait  au  nom  do  la  commission 
charg^  d'examiner  la  projet  de  budget  pour  1836  (Min.  de  la  Guerre).  Paris : 
8vo,  pp.  115.  Chamb.  des  D^p.,  s^nce  21  avriL 

614.  1835.  Vialar,  le  Baron  de. — Alger.  Appendice  au  rapport  de  M.  Passy, 
Min.  de  la  Guerre.    Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  11. 

615.    Simple  faits  expos^  h,  la  Reunion  alg^ricnne  de  14  avril  1835. 

Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  38. 

616.  1835.  Dupin,  Baron  Ch. — Disoours  prononc^  pour  d^fendre  les  possessions 
franyaises  en  Afrique.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  19.   Chamb.  des  D6p.,  stance  19  maL 

617.  1835.  Benault,  Eugene,  D^^gu^  d'AIger.>-Premi^re  lettre  k  M.  Passy. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  24.     Deuxifeme  lettre,  pp.  18. 

618.  1835.  VoUand,  Baron,  Intendant  Militaire. — Refutation  da  rapport  du 
budget,  etc.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  23. 

619.  1835.  Jjanrenoe,  Depute. — Discours  au  Chambre  des  D^put^  dans  la 
discussion  du  budget  du  Ministdre  de  la  Guerre.    Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  44. 

620.  1835.    Poujoulat,  J.  Jos.  Pr.— La  B^douine.    Paris. 

A  romance  of  the  de^rt. 

621.  1835.  Ijord,  Peroival  Barton. — Algiers,  with  notices  of  the  neighbouring 
States.  London :  2  vol.  8vo,  pp.  320  and  308. — See  also  the  Monthly  Review, 
vol.  137,  pp.  311-26. 

A  mere  compilation. 

622.  1835.  La  Boohefoucault  Iiiancourt,  Marquis  de. — Note  sur  Tadminis- 
tration  d* Alger.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  63. 

628.  1835.  Robineau  de  Bougon,  pseudonym  of  J.  Juchaud  de  La  Moricidre. — 
Opinion  sur  la  question  d'Alger.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  20. 

624.  1835.  Billiard,  A.— Lettre  k  M.  le  Mardcbal  Clauzel  sur  radministration 
et  la  colonisation  d'Alger.     Nouv.  Minerve,  t.  iii.,  15th  and  22nd  November. 

625.  1835.    Pharaon,  Joanny,  Secrdtaire-Interprete  du  Gouvemeur-Q^n^ral. 

Les  Cabiles  et  Boudgie.     Pre'c^dd  d'un  vocabulaire  Franco-Cabile-Alg^rien  eztrait 
de  Shaler,  par  Florian  Pharaon,  ag^  de  8  ans.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  89. 

A  work  of  no  value. 

626.  1835.  Sol,  Commandant  d'fitat-major. — Du  syst^me  ^  suivro  pour  la  cqIodI- 
sation  d'Alger.    Spect.  Milit.,  15th  Aug.  and  15th  Sept. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  176 

626a.  1835.  Chatelain,  Commandant. — Alger.  Des  diff(Srents  syst^mcs  d'occupa- 
tion  de  la  R^ence.    1.  c,  15th  Nov.  et  8eq. 

627.  1835.  Trolllety  Dr.,  Pr^ident  de  la  Soci^te  des  Colons  de  Lyon. — M^moire 
sur  la  n^ce88it6  et  sur  les  avantages  de  la  colonisation  d' Alger.  Lyon:  4to» 
pp.  15. 

628.    Disoonrs  sur  ragricultare  de  la  R^gence  d' Alger.    Lyon :  8vo,  pp.  20. 

Read  before  the  "Socidt^  Royale  d*Agricultare  de  Lyon." 

628.  1836.  Iiorminier. — De  la  conservation  d' Alger.  Revue  des  deux  Mondes, 
I*'  join. 

630.  1836.  lyAubignoso,  Ii.  P.  B.,  membre  de  la  premiere  commission  du 
gouvemement. — Lettres  sur  Alger.    Paris :  2  vol.  4to. 

631.  — ■ —  Alger.  De  spn  occupation  depuls  la  conquSte,  ]uaqu*au  moment 
actuel.    Paris. 

632.  1836.    B^haguel,  Arthur  Alex. — Guide  h  Alger.    Paris :  16mo. 

633.  1836.  Blondel,  Ij^on,  Sergent-Major. — Aper^u  de  la  situation  politique, 
commercial  et  industriel  des  possessions  fran^aises  dans  le  nord  d'Afrique  au  com- 
mencement de  1836.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  63. 

634.  1836.    Colonisation  de  la  R^gence  d* Alger.    Paris :  4to. 

635.  1836.  Andonard,  Math.  F.  Maxenoe. — Histoire  du  Chol^ra-Morbus  qui 
h  r^gn€  dans  Tarmee  fran9aise  au  nord  de  TAfrique,  et  parmi  les  autres  habitants 
de  cette  contr^e  en  1834  et  en  1835.     Paris:  8vo,  pp.  72. 

636.  1836.  Pesrronny,  Capitaine. — Consid^ratioDs  politiques  sur  la  Colonie 
d* Alger.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  212. 

637.  1836.  Poirel,  Jacq.  Franc,  Avocat  G^ne'ral  a  Nancy. — De  Temploi  de 
quelques  moyens  de  colonisation  k  Alger.    Paris :  8vo. 

638.  1836.  Pellissier  de  Benaud,  E. — Annales  Alg^riennes.  Paris,  Marseille 
et  Alger :  3  vol.  8vo. 

A  new  edition  was  published  in  1854  (see  No.  1700)  with  an  appendix  con- 
taining a  resume  of  the  history  of  Algeria  from  1848  to  1854. 

639.  1836.  Sabbatier,  J. — Lettre  sur  la  Colonie  d*Alger  ^  MM.  les  Depute. 
Paris:  8vo,  pp.  23. 

640.  1836.  Dubourgy  G^n^raL — Sommaire  d'un  plan  de  colonisation  du  royaume 
d' Alger,  indiquant  les  moyens  de  rendre  la  x^ossession  de  cette  belle  conquSte 
avantageuse  h.  la  France.    Paris :  8vo. 

641.  1836.  CorippuSy  Johannides. — S.  de  bellis  libycis  libri  vii.  ed.  Bekker. 
In  the  Byzantine  collection  of  Bonn,  8vo. 

642.  1836.    J.  M.  H.  B.— Itindraire  du  Royaume  d'Alger.    Toulon :  8vo. 

643.  1836.  De  la  flausse  direction  donn^  aux  affaires  d* Alger,  par  le  syst^me 
d'exp^tions.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  36.    From  Spect.  Milit.,  15th  October. 

643a.    1836.    Answer  to  the  above  article.    1.  c,  15th  January,  1837. 

644.  1836.  TroUiet,  Dr.  Ii.  P. — Extract  d'un  voyage  fait  ^  Alger  au  com- 
mencement de  juillet  1836.    Lyon:  8vo,  pp.  24. 

645.  1836.  Bugeaud,  le  G^n^raL — M^moire  sur  la  guerre  dans  la  Provioce 
d'Oran.    Alger:  8vo. 

646.  1836.  Pignel,  Armand. — Guide  de  voyageur  et  du  colon  de  Paris  ^  Alger, 
et  dans  TAlgdrie.    Paris :  12mo,  pp.  248. 

VOT^  II.  N 


A  B1IJLI0GR.-1PHY  OF  ALGERU. 

Boyer,  Calls. — Vus  du  Koyauroe  d'Alger.    Paris:  Svoi 
Pi^tri,  I'Abbd  de,  Anmonier  militaire. — Details  sur  Bone  ct  se^» 
},  followed  by  an  account  of  seveml  religious  Becvices  performed  by  him— 
Alger:  8'0,  pp.  55. 

A  work  of  no  value, 
840.    1S36,    Algiers  volgens  de  nieuwate  berichtaii.    Utrecht;  8vo. 

650.  1S36.  J.  de  la  M[orioi6re].— It  f  flex  ions  anr  I'l^lat  actuel  d'Alger.  P 
8to,  pp.  44. 

651.  1836.  S'Avezac. — Etudes  de  Geographie  critique  sur  une  partJe 
i'Afrique  aeptent,  Itin^niires  de  Haggy-ebn-el-Dyn-el-Aghotiathy,  &c.  ~ 
8to,  pp.  viii.  and  188,  1  msp. 

665.  1836.  Champagnac,  J.  Bapt.  Jos.  de,  writtog  iiuder  the  psendonyi 
O.  H.  MirvaL^Le  BobinEon  Jes  sables  du  ddscct,  ou  voyage  d"!!!!  jeune  n 
fragi^  aur  les  cQlea  ct  daus  rictSrieur  do  rAfriqae.  Paris:  12mo,  1636,  ] 
1841,  1846,  18+9. 

658.    1836.    Fromental,  A.— Essai  tiiLr  la  pooification,  la  colonisation,  la  a6o\it  _^ 

etc.,  de  I'Algerie,  ou  des  84  tribus  qui  ^laient  sous  rautoriie'  du  dernier  L(^~ 

d'Alger.     Nancy :  8to,  pp.  2G. 
66^     1636.     Flaaat  de  la  Faye,  S.  L.,  Chef  d'escadron,  ct  officier  d'ordonnance 

daNapqI&in  Bonaparte,— Do  la  neceBsit<5  d'nbnndonner  d'Alger.   Adreasfi  ai 

chambres  l^islatives.     FariH :  4tO,  pp.  18. 
066.    Supplement  aui  molifa  pour  I'abandon  d'Alger.     Palis :  ito,  pp.  3 

666.  183C.    Warden. — Esquiese    anr    le    ByEttme    grammatical    de   la 
Berbire.     Paris :  8va 

6B7.    1836.    UaircuB,    Louia.— Hiatoicc    des    Vandals  ....  accompig 

recherehes  aur  le  commerce  que  les  etata  bicbaresques  firent  avec  I'^trangt 

Paris:  8vo.    2Qd  edition,  I'aria,  1838.— See  No.  792. 
06B.    1836.    Fourcade,  Baymond  Henry,  Fieoeh  Constd  at  Smyrna. — Notice 

BUT  la  question  d'Orient  et  Bur  la  iiosBesaion  d'Alger.     Paris :  8vo. 
669.     183C.     Opinion  du  IiieuL-Q^^ral  Comte  d'Erlon  aur  cc  qu^l  convil 

i.  fajre  It  Alger.     Paris;  4to,  pp.  8. 

660.    1836.    Contribution  de  Tlemaen.    Paris:  8vo,  pf.  21. 

eel,    1836.    Eerbrugger,  Adr.— Relation  de  I'eip^lition  i\  UascaiK.     Paris: 

3  secretary  to  Mar&bat  Clansel,  and  acctaa- 
panied  tbe  force. 
661«.    1836.    Nouvellea  officieUes  d'Alger ;  pnJcis  du  rapport  de  M.  le  Mar4- 
cbal  Clauzel  au  miaistre  de  la  guerre  sur  la  nouvelle  victoiru  dclalante  remporlte 
par  I'arm^e  fraiifaise  en  Afrique ;  priae  de  la  villa  de  TIeraseo.     Paris :  folio. 
eeS.    1836.    Jaoquier,— Letlro  siir  I'exii&lition  do  Tlemjen, 


m 

,rangW^^ 
lotice 


[ante  remporiM        ■ 
aris :  folio.    g^^^H 

CouataatinA  ^^^^1 


aeS.     1836.     Guyon,    L.    J.    Q,— Journal   de   I'oxpfdilion   de 

Novembre  1836.     Paris. 
884.    1836.    C^B-Caupenne,  lie  Baron  de.— Mascani.    Paris:  Svo. 
B66.    1836.    Fointe,  Dr.  J.  P.— Relation  medicale  d'un  voyage  de  Lyon  i  A^r, 

4  la  Soci^t4  Litt^raire  de  Lyon.    Lyon:  Svo,  pp.  40. 

Originally  published  in  tbe  '  Hcvue  du  Lyonnais,'  Dec.  1835. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  177 

666.^  1S36.  Fign^  Armand. — Conductear  on  guide  da  voyageur  et  de  coIod, 
&c.    Paris:  12mo. 

067.  1836.  Belvigne,  Oustave,  Officier  de  Tez-Garde  Koyale. — Observations 
snr  un  noaveau  module  de  carabine  ray^e  et  sur  le  feu  des  Tirailleurs  en  Afrique. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  64. 

668.  1836.  Ijaiirenoe»  D^pnt^. — Discours  dans  la  discussion  da  budget  da 
Minist^re  de  la  Goerre*    Paris :  8yo,  pp.  28.    From  the  '  Monitenr.' 

668.  1836.  Baude,  D^pat^  de  la  Loire. — Rapport  au  nom  de  la  commission 
charge  de  I'examen  de  projet  de  budget  pour  Texercice  1837  (Minist^re  de  la 
Guerre).    Paris:  4tOy  pp.  113,  and  10  pp.  of  tables. 

Itin^raire  da  Gamp  de  Draan  k  la  Galle  et  de  la  Ga]Ie  k  B6ne.  Revue 


FTan9aise.    Alger  :  1st  number. 
669b.    Province  d'Oran.    1.  c,  4th  number. 

670.  1836.  If.  B. — ^Aper9a  sur  la  situation  politique,  commerciale  et  indostrielle 
des  possessions  franyaises  dans  le  Nord  de  1' Afrique.    Svo,  pp.  63. 

671.  1 836.  Azmales  de  la  8ooi6t6  Coloniale  de  P^tat  d' Alger.  Agriculture— 
Commorco    Industrie.    Alger :  12mo,  pp.  80. 

Gontaining  articles  by  Bouffey,  Bonnafont,  Pharaon,  Rous,  &c. 

672.  1836.  Solvet,  Charles.— Voyage  k  la  Rassauta,  14  avril  1836.  Lettre  it 
M.  A.  .  .  .,  D^put^.    Paris :  12mo,  pp.  27. 

This  gives  an  accoimt  of  the  enterprise  undertaken  by  the  Prince  de  Mir,  a 
Pole,  to  whom  the  Gbmte  d'Erlon  gave  a  large  concession. 

678.  1836.  De  Sivry,  D^put^. — Opinion  sur  la  question  d'Alger.  Ghambre  de 
D^put^ 

He  terminates  his  speech  with  the  words,  ''  une  nouvelle  Inde  est  k  vos 
portes." 

674.  1886.  Paokler*Maakau,  Hermann  Iiouis  Henri,  Prince  de. — S^mi- 
lasso  in  Afrika.  Munich  et  Stut^art :  5  vol.  12mo. — See  also  For.  Quart.  Rev., 
ToL  zix.  pp.  1-35.  Translated  into  English  in  1837.  London,  3  vol.  8vo. — 
See  also  Quart.  Rev.,  vol.  lix.  p.  134.  Into  French  in  same  year.  Paris :  3  vol.  8vo. 

675.  1836.  Colonisation  d' Alger :  Gauses  qui  en  arrdtent  le  progr^.  Paris : 
8to. 

676.  1836.  Jaubert,  AmM^ — Geographic  d'Edrisi,  traduit  de  I'Arabe  en 
fnu)9ai8,  d*apr^s  deux  MSS.  de  la  Bibliotheque  du  Roi,  et  accompagn^  de  notes. 
T.L1836;  t  ii.  1840. 

677.  1837.  Poirel,  Jacq.  Franc,  Avocat  G^n^ral,  Nancy. — De  I'occupation  et 
de  la  colonisation  militaire,  i^icole  et  p^nale  d'Alger.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  47. 

677a.  1836.  Tauski,  Capitaine. — Gonsiddrations  militaires  sur  la  R^gence 
d'Alger.    Spect.  Milit.,  15th  March. 

678.  1837.  MarceL — Vocabulaire  fran9ais-arabe  des  dialectes  africains  d'Alger, 
de  Tunis,  de  Maroc  et  d'^gypte.    Paris :  8vo. 

679.  1837.  Aubel. — De  I'importance  de  la  question  d'Afriqne,  et  d'un  choix  dc 
syst^e  de  colonisation.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  60. 

1837.    Grand,  &nile,  Gapitaine  du  G^nie. — Defense  et  occupation  de  la 
Colonic  d'Alger.    Toulon  :  8vo,  pp.  156,  and  map  of  the  environs  of  Algiers. 

M.  Grand,  Gapitaine  de  G^nie,  was  killed  at  the  siege  of  Gonstantine.     His 
notes  and  some  letters  were  edited  after  his  death  by  Gapt.  Guillemon. 

K  2 


178 


A  BIBLIOGRATHY  OF  ALGGlilA, 


1837.    Eatienne.— Colon  isa 
1837.    CoBtaJlat,  Dr.  A.- 


Paiii: 

1 


nd'Algcr:  iiMM.  IcsD^putia.    Fwie;  8*0. 
— Ui^moiru  prisealS  a  1a  Cbambre  des  D£pat&  i^ 
I'inRuence  probable  du  climtiC  d'Alger  pour  In  gudriaon  ds  U  Phtliieio.     Paiii: 
8vo,  pp.  24. 

683.  1837.     Ducoux,  Dr.  Fy.  Joa. — Eequisse  dcs  tnalajies  fpidemiques  dnd 
de  i'Arrique.    Paris. 

684.  1837.     Ch&umout,  I.S011  de,  Pacudonym  of  Z.S011  Quillsmlii,  ofi 
dragoons, — Lcs  Franfais  en  Afrique.     Poiime.     Paris ;  8vo,  pp.  10. 

886.    ConntantiaB.    Poiisie.     Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  8. 

686.  1837-    Ottone,  J.— L'Algfiric,  YoUEsouf-Bej  et  Abd-el-Eader.    Paris:  8to, 
pp.  IB. 

687.  1837.    Sur  la  EUgenoe  d'Alger  nu  commencemcot  de  1837.    Subscribed: 
Le  Qiniral  ,  ,  ,  ,  Pair  do  France.     Paris:  8TO,pp,15. 

688.  1837.    Campbell,  Thomaa,  tho  Poet. — Letters  from  tbe  Sontli  during  his 
EeaidenM  in  Algeria.     London :  2  vol.  8vo. 

Tbese  originally  appeared  io  the  New  Montbly  Magaaine.    Tbe  Itevue 

Britannlqiio   gave  a  Frencb   traosjation   ia"  1835-6. — See  also  Quart.   Eev^ 

,  vol.  scis.  p.  331. 

688.    1837.    Rang,  Sandsr,  et  Fardinand  DeiUs.— Fonda tioo  de  U  It^oca 

d'Alger.     Histoire  des  Barbaroufse,  Chroniqua  Arabe  du  XVI*  ^vcle  public  sur  uu 

MS.  de  la  Bibliotbeque  Royalc,  avec  un  appendico  et  dea  notes.     ExpMition  de 

CbarlcB-Quint.     Aper^-u  liistorique  et  statlstique  du  Port  d'Alger.    Paris ;  2  toL 

8vo,  porlraits  and  map, 

eSSa.    1837.    Binoaet.le  cliev.  Cavalier.— Un  dernier  root  Bur  Alger.  Pvis;^ 

eseb.     1887.     I^uboa,  Joseph.— Alger  en  1837.     Paris :  Bvo. 

eeO.    1837.    Bobwarzenberg,    P.  von.  —  BUckblicko  auf  Algier 

Erobening  .  .  .  im  Jahrel830.     Vun  einemOffizicr  ausdem  Gefolge  des  Matschalt 
Gtafen  Bourniont.    Wicn ;  8vo. 
691.     1837.     Esquisse  d'orgaaisation  ndminislrative  et  mililairo  des  possiessuHU 

dans  le  Nord  d'Afrique.    Par  un  offloier  gdn^ral.    Paris :  8vo.  * 

681a.  1H37.  JeaD  Bon  Saint-Andrd. — Rapport  tin  Alger,  adressf  de  Uayence 
27  juiliet  1802,  au  Minisfre  do  la  Murine,  Corrcsp.  de  Napolfon  avuc  le  Ministry 
do  la  Marine,  1.  i.,  pp.  232-73.  Puria :  1837. 
682.  1837.  Dureau  de  la  Malle,  Ad.  Jules  C^sar  Aug.— Province  de 
Constantine.  llecueil  des  reiiKci;;n.cmenta  pour  I'exp^dition  et  i'e'Wblissenient  d«« 
Fmn9ai8.     Paris :  8vd,  pp.  315,  map. 

A  notice  of  this  is  contained  in  the  Rev.  Afr.,  1837,  p.  9i. 
883.     1837.    Ouyon,  Dr.— (Publisbed  anonymously.)    Jouroal  do  I'vxpjdition 
1  novembro  183G,  iinr  on  tiSniom  ocul^ie. 


L  de3^^ 


I'ai 


I 


B ;  8vo,  pp.  40. 

Tbis  gives  a  vivid  a 
1837.    Ii'Exp6diti( 


;ount,  day  by  day,  of  tbis  disastrous  campaign. 

1  de  CoiiBtantiiie. — See  tbo  Eclaireur  de  la  M£di- 


terran^,  13  Jan. 
696.     1837.     L'Expddition  da  Constastine,  par  un  olHoier  de  rarnioe.     liev. 

de  Fans,  15  Jan.    Attribuleil  to  M.  de  la  Tour  Dupin. 
686.    1837.    Barth^lemy,  Aug. — CouEtautiac.    Cbant  de  guerre,  dSdlfi  k  Punfia 

d'Afrique,    Poria;  4to,  pp.  8. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OP  ALGERIA.  179 

687.  1837.  Tripier,  Dr. — Sor  le  ddsastrc  de  Gonstantine.  Gbant.  Paris :  8vo, 
pp.4. 

686.  1837.  De  Iiannoy,  Ant. — Etudes  artistiqnes  de  la  B^gence  d'Alger. 
Paris. 

688.  1837.  Ezplioations  du  Mar^ohal  Clauzel,  snivies  de  pieces  justifi- 
catiyes  et  d*nn  aper^u  topographique  des  routes  de  BOne  k  Gonstantine,  et  do 
Gonstantine  k  Stora.    Paris :  8vo. 

700.  1837.  DesvpisinB,  V. — ^Vues  et  portraits  deasin^  pendant  I'ezp^tion  de 
Gonstantine,  avec  une  texte.    Paris. 

701.  1837.  Correohe,  J.  J.  Adolphe  de  LauBerte,  Docteur  en  droit. — Gon- 
stantine ;  Le  Marshal  Glauzel  et  le  Minist^re.    Paris :  8vo. 

702.    D^sastre  de  Gonstantine  et  syst^me  de  colonisation  de  la  R^gence 

d'Alger.     Paris:  8vo. 

708.    1837.    Clavet-Qaubert. — AfiEaire  da  G^n^ral  Rigny— Requisitoire. 

704L  1837.  Dapin,  Fh. — Plaidoyer  prononc^  pour  la  defense  de  M.  le'G^n^ral  de 
Higny,  devant  le  conseil  de  guerre  s6ant  k  Marseille  le  1**  juiUet  1837«  Eetraite 
de  Gonstantine.    Paris :  8vo,  2  cartes. 

706.     1837.    Iiettres  sur  TAfrique,  Alger,  Bougie,  &c.    Paris :  3  vol.  Svo. 

706.  1837.    GervaiSy    FaiiL — Enumeration   de   quelques  esp^ces  de  Reptiles 
provenant  de  Barbarie.    Extrait  des  Ann.  des  Sci.  Nat.,  2*  s^r.,  vi.  pp.  303-13. 

707.  1837.  Trolliet,  Dr.  Ii.  F. — M^moire  sur  la  n^cessit^  et  avantages  de  la 
colonisation  d'Alger.    Lyon. 

708.  1837.  Avezao,  A.  P.  d'. — Esquisse  g^n^rale  de  I'Afrique,  aspect  et  con- 
stitution physique,  histoire  naturelle,  ethnologie,  linguistique,  dtat  social,  histoire, 
exploration  et  geographic.    Paris :  12nio,  pp.  144.    Another  edition  in  1844. 

708.  1837.  Walewski,  lie  Comte  Alex.  F.  J.  C. — Un  mot  sur  la  question 
d*Afrique.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

^08a.  1837.  D'Arlanges,  Q^n^ral. — Lettres  &  M.  le  President  de  la  chambre 
des  De{>utds.     Paris :  8vo. 

710.  1837.  DeiEdobert,  A.,  Depute  de  la  Seine  Inferisure. — La  question  d'Alger, 
Politique,  Golonisation,  Gommerce.    Paris  :  8vo. 

This  elicited  a  reply  from  M.  Felliflsier,  in  the  form  of  a  letter,  printed  at 
Algiers  in  the  same  year,  8vo,  pp.  18 ;  and  another  from  M.  Franque»  Avocat, 
entitled,  '  Premiere  lettre  k  M.  Desjobert  k  propos  de  son  livre  sur  la  question 
d'Alger.'    Paris:  18mo,  pp.  13. 

71 X,    Also  a  *  Projet  de  Petition,'  signed  by  M.  Franque,  addressed  to  the 

X>eputie8,  in  the  name  of  the  "  Cercle  Alg^rien,"  praying  that  Algeria  may  be 
definitely  annexed  to  France.    Paris :  18mo,  pp.  8. 

A  notice  of  this  correspondence  is  contained  in  the  Revue  Africaine,  p.  88. 

^^  J  837.  France,  A.  de  (pseudonym). — Les  prisonniers  d'Abd-el-Kader ;  ou 
^inq  mois  de  captivity  chez  les  Arabes,  r^dig^  par  Ernest  Alby.  Paris :  2  vol.  8vo. 
Portrait  and  plan  of  Takedemt,  the  seat  of  government  of  the  Emir. 

An  English  translation  by  B.  P.  Porter,  No.  1218. — See  also  For. 
Quart.  Rev.,  voL  xxxvii.  p.  159. 

"^8.  1837.  Cherbullier. — Lettre  sur  la  colonisation  des  possessions  fran^aises 
dans  le  Kord  d'Afrique,  adressdc  au  dirccteur  de  la  GonfM^ration  suissc. 
Paris:  8vo. 


4 


^ 

^ 


IflO  A  BlBUOGHArHY  OF  ALGl^RIA.  ^^^^^| 

714.  1837.  Fapencordt,  reliz.— Gescbiclile  dcr  Vaudalischen  Horach&ft  b 
Afrika.     Berlin  :  8vo. 

715.  1837.     Saladia,  Hubert,  Officier  Bup4r,  d'fitot-major.— Letlre  aur  la  toh- 
□isatioQ  des  poBsessiODs  fraiic'aises  dans  le  Nord  Ae  rAfrique,  adreasfu  nu  Directui 
de  la  Conf^d^nttion  euieae,  ruimprim^a  et  public  par  k  Redaction  de  la  Bibli 
tliSque  uaivetBuUe  de  Geneve,     (jcd^vc  :  8vo,  pp.  118. 

The  author,  who  belongwi  to  the  Swisu  array,  followed  for  Ecvcral  moal 
military  operations  in  Algeria. 

716.  1937,     Berard,  Aug.— Description  naul.iqne  des  cijtcs  de  TAl; 
8vo,  15  plates.     A  aeiMod  edition  in  1839. 

717.  1337.  DeToieuiB,  Valentin. — Vnca  et  portraits  deMicdB  pendant  I'expi* 
dition  de  Constantine,  avt-t  lexte.     Paris. 

718.  1837.  EzplicatiocB  du  Morfchal  Clauzel.  (Affaire  do  Tlcmf en.)  Paris: 
8vo. 

71Ba.  1837.  Flaoat  de  la  Fa;e, — E:iamen  critique  de  qnelqaes  'passages 
d'oiie  bnxhuro  iotituHe  '  Esrplicatioas  du  Mar&hal  Clausiel.'    Paris ;  8vo. 

718b.  1837.  BaiTut,  Ctormain.  —  Quelqaeg  mots  iL  U.  le  Uaniclial  Claoiel. 
Paris :  8to. 

719.  1837.  Acland,  J.— Statement  of  Jlarshal  Claiizel  ...  an  answer  to  ibe 
Recusation  of  malversntion  ...  in  the  GoTemmeut  of  Algiers  and  conduct  of  the 
Constantino  expedition,    Translaledfroni  tlieFreooh  hy  J.  A.    Paris;  8TO,[ip.40. 

720.  1837.    Baudron.— Sur  la  HCgenoe  d' Alger.     8vo. 

721.  1837.  Beemareet,  Era.  I^  Jos.,  and  K.  BodiiquBB.— De  CuoBtantine 
et  dc  la  domination  franr^aiae.     Peris :  8vo. 

722.  1837.    Qalllard.— Sur  Alget.    Chalons-sur-Mame :  8vo. 

723.  1837.    Ouyon,  J.  Ii.  Odn. — Hisioira  ni^icale  et  chimi^icale  de  I'ex] 
Uon  dirigiSu  sur  Conslantinu  en  1837.    Paris :  8to. 

724.  1837,     Milne-Edwards.— Note  sur  unc  brJche  osseuse  aitnie  eatrv' 
et  Mora-el-Kebir.     Ann.  Sci.  Nat.,  2*   sirie  (Zoologie),  t.  vii,  p.  12 

725.  1837.  Geseoius,  Fried.  H.  W.^Scriptom;  lioguajque  Plioiiniwe  Monn- 
menta.     Li];«iflj :  4to,  iiH  plates. 

728.     1837.     Bruce,  C.  L.  Ctmumng. — Memoir  regatding  Bruce's  Jonmeys  and 

Drawings  in  Korthern  Africa.     Ksad  al  the  Meeting  of  the  Institute  of  BriUah 

Architects,  May  15,  1837.     London:  8vo,  pp.  24. 
7S7.    1837.    Haee,  Membre  dc  I'lnstitut. — Sur    quelques    inscriptions    latinea 

r&Mmment   dtoou\ettea   dans   I'-mcieniic   K^gencu  d'Algcr.     Paris ;   4to,  p]>.  42. 

Itead  at  the  Acad.  Royale  des  Inscriptions,  &c,  April,  May.— See  also  Jouru. 

des  Savants,  July-December. 
727a.    1837.    Prioliard,  James  Cowles. — Researches  into  the  Physical  History 

uf  Mankind.    From  p.  lo  to  p.  4'J,  vol.  ii.,  is  a  history  of  the  Atlantic  nations 

elucidated  by  researches  into  their  langua-jes. 

728.  1837.  UacGartby,  Oscar. — Cocsiantine  depuia  sa  fondation  jusqu'k  sa 
conquSte  par  l'arm<«  frauvaise  en  1837.  Suivie  de  la  Biograpltie  du  G^D^ral  de 
Daniremont,     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

729.  1837.     CfeB-Caupenne,  Baron  de. — Constantine  k  propos  patriotjquca. 

730.  1837.  Bobineau  de  Bougon. — Disoours  sur  la  question  d'Alger  prouonc^ 
^  la  Chamhre  des  U^putfs,  25  avril  1837.  .  Kstrait  du  Moniteur.    6to,  pp.  32. 


% 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  181 

^3Z\.    1837.    Asaembl^e  G^ndrale  de  la  Soci^t^  pour  rdvang^lisation  du  Kord  de 
rAfrique  tenae  15  Janvier.    Toulouse  :  12mo,  pp.  37. 

This  was  issued  by  a  Protestant  Society  at  Toulouse,  having  a  branch  at 
Geneva.     The  Pasteur  Ghabrand  was  President. 

^1732.    1837.    Solvety  Ch. — Institutions  du  droit  mahom^tan  relatives  k  la  guerre 
sainte.    Alger :  8vOy  pp.  37. 

This  is  a  translation  of  the  Latin  of  Hadrien  Reland, '  Dissertatio  de  jure 
militari  Mahommedanorum  contra  Christianos  bellum  gerentium/  contained 
in  the  did  voL  of  his '  Dissertationes  Miscellaoese '  published  at  Uti-echt  in  1708. 

1837.    Valezitinois. — Opinion  de  M.  le  Due  de  • . .  sur  Alger.     Chambre 
des  pain,  session  de  1837.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  8. 

1837.    Saoy,  Sylvestre  de. — Memoire  sur  quelques  monnaies  arabes  en  or 
des  Almohades  et  des  M^r^nites. — See  Journal  des  Savants. 


1837  ?    QualqueB  Reflexions  sur  trois  questions  fondamentales  de  notre 
^tablissement  en  Algdrie.    No  place  or  date,  pp.  36. 

The  questions  are — 1st.  The  best  means  of  subduing  the  Arabs.  2nd.  The 
method  of  governing  them.  3rd.  The  establishment  of  Europeans  amongst 
them. 


1837.    Sitaation  de  TAlgdrie.    Revue  Africaine,  p.  1. 

1837.    Aper^  de  la  i>op\ilation  du  royaume  d' Alger.    Ann.  Marit., 
t.  L  p.  628. 

737.  1837.  Bresson,  D^put^  des  Vosges. — Discours  prononc6  au  Chambre;  dans 
la  discussion  du  projct  de  loi  sur  les  cr^its  suppMmentaires  pour  1836.  Paris : 
8vo,  pp.  30. 

From  the  '  Monitcur,*  23rd  and  25th  April.     A  most  interesting  criticism 
on  the  military  operations  then  being  conducted  all  over  the  colony. 

^88.  1837.  Janvier,  D^put^  de  Tam-et-Garonne. — Rapport  au  nom  de  la 
commission  charg^  de  I'examen  du  projet  de  loi  rclatif  aux  credits  suppl^mentaires 
et  extraordinaires  de  1836,  et  aux  cr^its  additionnels  sur  les  ddpcnses  des 
exercioes  clos.    Paris :  4 to,  pp.  120. 

The  portion  referring  to  Algeria  is  from  p.  33  to  p.  98.    It  contains  an 
interesting  and  authentic  account  of  events  civil  and  military. 

^39,  1837.  Piscatory,  D6put^  d'lndre-et-Loire. —  Rapport  fait  au  nom  de  la 
commission  charge  d'examiner  les  deux  projets  de  loi  portant  allocation: — 
1^  d'nn  credit  spdcial  de  14,658,227  fr.  pour  la  dcpense  extraordinaire  d'Afriquc 
en  1837;  2®  d'un  cr^t  d'urgence  de  1,132,000  fr.  k  valoir  sur  celui  de 
^4,658,227  fr.    Paris  :  4to,  pp.  48. 

This  also  'contains  much  valuable  information  regarding  the  state  of  the 
colony. 

1837.    Algier  von  1830  bis  1837.    Vienne  :  8vo. 

1837.    B6genoe  d'Alger.      Traits  de  la  Tafna.     Rev.  Univers.,   t.  i. 
August ;  also  Ann.  Marit.,  July,  p.  164. 

1837.    Herman,  H. — Memoiren  aus  Algier.    Berne  :  2  vol.  Bvo. 
The  journal  of  a  German  student  in  the  French  service. 

1837.    De  TEsp^,  D^put^  de  la  Meurthe. — Rapport  fait  au  nom  de 
oommissimi  charge  de  Pexamen  du  projet  de  budget  pom*  1838.    Paris:  4to, 
pp.  16  and  5  pjy.  of  tables. 
Also  most  instructive. 


les 


I  BIBUOGllAl'HY  OV  ALGUilA. 


741.    183T.    Fontaine   de  Besbeoq.— Alger  et  Us    cGtes  d'Afrlqoe.     Buis: 

12ino. 
74S.  I83T.  Mortemart,  Due  de. — DiEooura  nu  Chaabre  des  I'lurs  docs  U  di»> 
cussioD  du  projet  de  loi  relatir  bux  crddila  c^traonl  in  aires  (Questiun  d'AfrtqiieV 
Poria :  8vo,  pp.  19. 
748,  1^37.  Touffait  de  la  Basnerair,  Fdlii,  Cnpitainc  d'Eut-niajor.— Relation 
liiatcrique  de  i'eipeditiuu  de  Botigie  dii  20  spp.  an  29  octobre  1833.  Spectatcur 
Militaii'e,  t.  ixiv,  p.  30. 

This  was  commanded  by  the  Man^ohal  do  TruzeL    It  started  from  Toulon, 
and  arrived  off  Bougie  on  tbe29lli  September.    After  six  liours*  fighting  Bougie 
was  abandoiii'd  1>y  ilK  mtiabilaitts  and  occupied  on  the  folloiring  day. 
74i     1838.     L'AlgSrie :  La  Situation,     llevue  Africaiae,  p.  1. 
744a.     IrtSfi,    lUcenBement  de  la  ■  viUe  d'Alger  aa  1*"  Janvier  1838. 
Marit.,  t.  i.p.  244. 

745.  1838.     Notes  de  Voyage  dans  ies  environs  de  La  Calle.     L  c,  [i.  30. 

A  short  journey  between  La  Calle  and  I!6nE. 

746.  1838.    LapiBBO,  Ch.  de.— Alger.     I.  c,  p.  T3. 

A  sketch  of  wliat  Algiers  iros  at  that  date. 


Chr. 


Alex.— Dc-    I"b' 


Attn. 

I 


r  I'Algirie 


747.  1S38.    Mathieu    de    Dombasle, 

I'Alg^rie.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  27. 

This  pamphlet  gave  rise  to  an  anstrer  entitled,  *  li^vflatioDs 
par  un  habitant  de  I'Afrique.'    Paris ;  8vo,  pp.  29. 
74a     1838.    Walobenaer,  Baron  Ch.  Ath.,  Membre  de  I'lustitut.— Uapportft 
sur  Ies  recherches  geograpliiquea,  liistoriques,  arclii^logiques.  It  enlrepreiidre  dans 
I'Afrique  scptcntrioualc.     PariB:  4lo,  pp.  83. 

748.  1838.    Deqiobert,  A.,  DiSpiit^.— L'Aljj^rie  en  1838.    Paris :  8ro,  pp.  IM. 
760.     1838.    FouUe,  Hmmanuel,  D£piit& — Alger  et  le  oonseil  g^nfral  du  Vat, 

Paris:  8vo,  pp.  80. 
7E1.    1838.    Junsmaiui,    B. — Costumes,    mreurH    et    usages    des    Algerians. 
StrBBboiirg :  4to,  40  lithographs. 

This  work  was  also  published  in  German  under  the  liile,  'Traclilen,  SJtteo 
imd  Gebriiuohe  der  Algerico.' 

762.  1838.     Journal  de  Veip^dit 
par  un  officier  de  TarmiJe  d'Afriquc 

763.  1S38.    Iiatour  du  Pin,  A.  de. — Seconde  exi>editi{:>ii  de  Constantine.     Ber, 
des  Beui  MondcH,  iv.  tir.  t.  siji. 

A  i^mnriablo  article. 

764.  1838.     Baudens,  Sp.— Relation  do  I'cnpedition   da   Contiti 
8vo,  pp.  73.    From  the  Revue  de  Paris,  1st  and  8th  April. 

766.    1838,    BedUlot,  Dr.  Oh.   Emm.— Oami«gne   de   Constantine  de  1837. 
Paris:  8vo,  1  plnte. 

766.  1838.    SxpMition  de  Conatantine,  par  un  officier  de  I'tmii^:  d'Afrique. 
Bniielles;  8vo,  plalf-s. 

767.  1838.    Becueil  de  Documents  aur  rexp&lition  et  la  prise  de  Constantina 
par  Ies  Franfais  on  183".     Pour  tervir  i\  I'bisloirc  do  cetle  campngne. 
8vo,  pp.  300,  with  atlas  in  k" 


Paris: 


J 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERU.  183 

757a.     1838.    Juchereau  de  Saint-Denys,  Q^n^ral. — CoDsid^rations  sur  la 
Province  de  Constantine.    Spcct.  Milit.,  January. 

767b.     1838.    Sur  I'exp^ditioxi  et  le  si^ge  de  Constantine.    1.  c,  February. 

767c.    1838.    Notioe   biographique  sur  le   g^n^ral   de   Damr^mont.     1.  c, 
September. 

768.     1838.    Details  sur  Texpedition  et  la  prise  de  Constantine,  par  un  t^moin 
oculaire,  membre  de  la  commission  scientifique  de  Texp^ition.    Lyon :  12mo. 

"769.     1838.    S^dillot,  Dr.  C.—Campagne  de  Constantine  en  1837.    Paris:  8vo. 

>.     1838.    Journal  des  operations  de  Tartillerie  pendant  Texp^dition  de  Con- 
stantine.   Paris :  8vo.    Published  by  GbvernmeDt. 

.     1838.    Sur  Pezp^dition  et  le  siege  de  Constantine  en  1837:  marches^ 
travaux,  details  de  Tassault.    Paris :  8yo. 


1838.    Salvaire,  Felix. — ^Les  deux  expeditions  do  Constantine.     PoSme 
d6di4  k  S.  A.  R.  Mgr.  le  due  de  Nemours.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  51. 

703.     1838.    Th^venot,  A.^La  Prise  de  Constantino.     Podsie.     Nantes :  8vo, 
pp.  8.  I 

764.     1838.    Benaud  (under  the  pseudonym  of  Ch.  Erivanne).— Constantine. 
Ode  k  TArmde.    Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  16. 

766.    1838.    Biohy   de    Sorgiano.— Prise    de    Constantine   par    les  Fran9ais. 
Poeme.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  36. 

766.  1838.  Iiaian^,  P.— La  Constantine,  ou  le  Drapeau  tricolor  et  Constantino. 
Paris :  4to  and  8vo,  pp.  8. 

7e7.  1838.  Tupier,  Dr.— Epitre  au  Roi  sur  la  prise  de  Constantine.  Constan- 
tine :  8vo,  pp.  4. 

7ea  1838.  Fleury,  Iiieut-G^^ndral  Baron  Eohaiilt  de.— Sur  rexp6dition 
et  le  si^ge  de  Constantine  en  1837.  Publico  par  ordre  du  Ministre  de  la 
Guerre.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  46. 

768.  1838.  BroBsard,  le  G^^n^ral,  Marquis  de. — ^Melanges  sur  TAfrique. 
Perpignan:  8vo. 

770.    Post-scriptum  des  Melanges  sur  TAfrique.    Perpignan  :  8vo. 

771.     Quatre-vingt-deux  jours  de  commandement  de  la  province  d'Oran. 

Perpignan :  8vo,  pp.  60. 

This  is  a  vindication  of  his  conduct :  '*  Ma  conduite  indiguement  calomni^e 
m*en  fait  un  devoir." 

772.  1838.  Berger  de  Xivrey,  Jules.— Traces  de  lliistoire  dans  TAlgdrie. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  19. 

772a.  1838.  Baude,  Baron. — De  Tesclavage  des  noirs  dans  le  nord  de  FAfrique. 
Ann.  Marit.,  t.  i.  p.  927. 

778.  1838.  Otth»  Adolphe. — Esquisses  africaines  dessin^es  pendant  un  voyage 
ik  Alger.    Lithographed  at  Berne,  1838-9 :  folio,  30  plates  and  text. 

774.  1838.  Quyon,  Dr.  J.  L.  8.,  Surgeon,  and  Member  of  the  "  Commission 
Scientifique.'' — Observations  faites  h  la  suite  de  Tarm^e  qui  en  1839  a  traverse  les 
Fortes  de  Fer,  &c. 

775.    M^moire  sur  une  fille  bicorps  nde  a  Alger.— See  also  No.  801. 


184 


BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGEIILL 


770.     1838.     Guyon,  J,  L.  8.,  Surgeon,  &c. — Da  la  pins  grandc  lao^vM  -te 
liomains  de  I'Algfrie  d'aprea  leiir  moaunieDts  fuuL'nLir'es. 

Articica  in  the  Memoirca  dc  Medecine  et  Pharmacie  Uilltaire,  1838-40. 

777.     Quelques  inscriptioOB  de  la  province  dfl  ConBtantine  recueillie*  par 

ia  Dr.  Guillon.     Alger :  folio. 

778.  1838.     Blondel,  Woil^NouvhI  aperju  aui  I'Algfrie.     TroU  n&eBsite«  en 
Afrique :  coneerver,  pacifier,  colonieer.     Paris !  8vo,  pp.  172. 

778b.    183iil.    Franqiie. — Assuciatiua  Natiocalc  pour  la  coloDisatioQ  ds  I'Alg^ic. 


I'ai 


:  8vo. 


778b. Compagnia  d'Afriqne  poiir  la  colonisation  d'Afrique.    Taris:  8vo. 

77Sc.    1838,    De  Mir  Ulrski,  Prince. — Discoura  hut  rinsCallation  du  comity 

organisateur  de  la  Compagcie  Cin^tienne  pour  la  colonisatioa  et  la  civilisatioii 

dAfrique.    Mnraeillti ;  8vo. 

779.  1838,  Sugeaud  da  la  Piconneria,  Th.  Bob.,  Mankshal  do  Fmntx;,  Due 
d'ialy. — Simple  document  Hur  TAfrique.  Paris:  8vo,  pp.  15.  Pnblished 
anoaymoualy  under  tlie  B^^aturc  of  '•  Un  oRicier  altaclie  i  I'arnite  franj use  sou* 
Ic  premier  cominandement  de  M.  le  Marechal  Clansel."    , 

780.    Miimoire  uur  notre  ^tabliaaement  dans  la  province  d'Oran  por  Bnite  de 

la  paiK.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  62,  with  a  plan  of  a  forti&ed  village. 

781.     De  I'StabliBsement  de  Legions  da  colons  nulitaires  dans  lea  poaset- 

aions  fran^aisee  du  Nord  de  I'Afriqne,  auivi  d'un  projet  d'ordonnanco,  adreaad  an 
gouverneuient  et  aux  chambres.     I'aris :  8vo,  pp.  GO. 

7B2.    1838.     Carette,  Ant.  Hm.  Hipp. — Precis  historiqne  et  arch&ilagiq^ue  inr 

la  ville  d'Hippone  et  ses  environs.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  16. 

782b.    Heinoiro  Kur  In  viUu  de  Boagiu  (Saldic).    Present*?  il  I'liistitut. 

782c.    Memoire  Bur  rerabouehure  de  la  Mafrag.     Pr^sent^  i  I'lnstitat. 

783.    1838.    Solvot.  Ch..  IMput^.— Voyage  i  la  Baasaula.     Lettra  k  M.  A.  .  .  . 

Marsaille :  8vii,  pp.  2i. 
78A.    1838.    Fallon,  !>..  OlEcicr  superieur  d'^tnt-major. — CoDsid^raliotis  poU- 

tiques  et  militaircs  sur  I'Algerie.     Paria  ;  8vo,  pp,  102, 
786.     1838.     The  French  in  Amca.     Dublin  Rev.,  vol  iv.  pp.  179-201. 

Exposes  the  "diplociatic  limnbug"  uf  the  French  pretensions  that  do 
territorial  acquisitiou  would  be  made  iu  Algeria. 

786.  1838.  JoufFroy,  Thomas  Simon.— La  pJitiqua  de  la  France  en  Alg£rie. 
llev,  des  deux  Mondea,  1  June,  1838,     Published  9e]arately  in  1840,  Paris;  SVQ. 

787.  1838.  Berbruggar.  A.— Voyage  au  Camp  d'Abd-ol-Kader.— See  Eev.  dcs 
deux  Mondea,  15  auilt  1838. 

786.  1838,  ExouTslons  dans  I'Afirique  Beptentrionale,  par  lea  d^l^guAa  de  la 
Socii^W  itablic  il  Paris  pour  l'if,\plor,iiiou  do  Carthage :  ouvrage  aocompagni 
d'inscriptions  et  de  plaucbfs  lii  noir  et  en  couleur.  Publi<f  i>ar  la  Soci(Jt4.  Paris: 
8vo,  pp.  SI.  +  108  +  [35]. 

This  voL  contains  '  lielntion  d'une  excursion  A  Constantine  il  la  aoite  de 
I'arin^  fraofAiee'  by  Sir  Qrenvllle  Temple  and  M.  C.  T.  Palbe,  with 
nnineroaB  interesting  inscriptions  and  plates. 

788.  1838.  Diireau  de  la  Malle. — Voyages  dans  les  lii'gences  dc  Tunis  et 
d'Algcr,  par  Pcyssonnel  et  Dealoutaines.     PariB  :  2  vol. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  185 

780.  1838.  BreBBon,  D^pat^. — ^Diflcours  dans  la  discnssion  da  projet  de  loi  relatif 
aux  cr^ts  d'Afriqne.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  26.    From  the  Moniteur. 

791.  1838.    V  .  .  .  F.  da— La  guerre  d'Afrique,  &c.     12mo. 

792.  1838.  MarouSy  Ij. — ^Histoire  des  Yandales  accompagn^e  de  recherches  sur 
le  oommerce  que  les  ^tats  barbaresqaes  firent  avec  T^tranger  dans  les  6  premieres 
siedes  de  I'^re  chr^t.    3rd  ed.    Paris :  8vo. — See  No.  657. 

798.  1838.  Paris,  A.  Q. — Documents  curieus  sur  Alger  dcpuis  427  jusqn'^ 
r^poqne actuelle.    Paris:  8 vo. 

794.  1838.  Abd-el-Kader  et  la  province  d*Oran,  par  un  officier  geodral  (Oudinot). 
Extrait  da  Spectatear  Militaire,  15th  November. 

795.  1838.  Bapports  sur  les  recherches  g^raphiques,  historiques,  arch^logiques 
&  entreprendre  dans  TAfrique  septentrionale.    Paris :  4tOy  pp.  85. 

796.  1838.  Bory-de-Saint- Vincent,  ColoneL — Note  sur  la  commission  ex- 
plocatrice  et  scientifique  d'Alg^rie  pr^sent^e  ^  M.  le  Ministre  de  la  guerre*  Paris : 
4to. 

796a.     1838.    F.  D.  L.  Ij. — L'Afrique  fran9aise.    Bruxelles :  ISmo. 

797.  1838.  Bapports  de  la  oommissioii  cbarg^  de  r^liger  des  instructions  pour 
Texploration  soientifique  de  TAlg^rie.  Gomptes  Bendus  des  Seances  de  I'Acad. 
des  Sc.»  23rd  July. 

796w  1838.  Tableau  de  la  situation  des  ^tablissements  fran9ais  dans  TAlg^rie. 
Paris :  1838  k  1866, 19  voL  4to. 

The  continuation  bears  the  title  *  Statistique  g^n^rale  de  TAlg^rie,*  Vol.  i. 
contains  information  for  the  period  comprised  between  1830  and  1837,  pp.  417. 

799.  1838.  Dupin,  Ch. — £trennes  k  la  Fmnce.  Sidge  de  Constautine.  In  verse. 
8vo,  pp.  8. 

800.  1838.    La  Mennais,  PAbb^  F.  B.  de. — Politique  k  Tusage  du  peuple. 

A  collection  of  articles  published  by  him  in  the  Monde,  the  Bevue  des 
deux  Mondes,  and  the  Eevue  de  Progr^.  Paris:  2  vol.  A  second  edition 
published  m  1839,  32mo. 

The  first  vol.  contains, '  Question  d' Alger,'  and  the  second,  *  Afifaires  d' Alger/ 

801.  1838.  Qw>fProy  Saint-Hilaire,  Et.— Sur  une  nouvelle  fiUe  bioorps  n^  k 
Alger.    Gaz.  Med.,  3^  s4rie,  t.  vii.  p.  1095. — See  also  No.  775. 

80S.  1838.  Worms. — Expose  des  conditions  de  hygiene,  et  de  traitcment  propres 
a  pr^venir  la  mortality  dans  Tarm^  en  Afrique,  et  specialement  dans  la  province 
de  Gonstantine.     Paris :  8vo. 

803.  1839.  Oenet»  Alexandre,  and  A.  Berbrugger. — ^Voyage  pittoresque  eu 
Alg^rie,  ou  recueil  de  vues,  costumes  et  portraits.  Illustrations  par  Genet,  textc 
par  Berbrugger.    Paris :  folio. 

1839.    Bolle,  J.  A. — Souvenirs  de  TAlgdrie,  ou  relations  d'un  voyage  en 
Afrique,  septembre  et  octobre  1838.    Angouleme :  8vo,  vignette,  pp.  276. 

The  author,  accompanied  by  General  Changarnier,  went  to  the  limit  of  the 
French  possessions,  such  as  the  Treaty  of  the  Tafna  fixed  them, 

1839.    Abon  *1  FMa»  Ismael. — Description  des  pays  du  Maghreb.    Texte 
arabe  avec  trad,  par  Gh.  Solvat.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  111-99. 

1839.    I«a  guerre  d'Aftique,  ou  Icttre  d*un  lieutenant  de  Tarm^e  k  son 


186  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

oDcle,  vieiix  soldat  de  la  I^<^Tolution  ct  de  PEmpire.    Paris :  12mo,  pp.  86,  anon. 
—See  also  No.  933. 

807.  1839.  BroBselard,  Charles. — De  Torigine  et  de  la  domination  toiqne  en 
Alg^rie.    Paris:  8vo. 

808.  1839.  CaxiBsidou,  et  Campaignao.— Manuel  de  coltivateur  africain. 
Alger :  8vo.    Published  monthly  during  several  years.  • 

809.  1839-45.  Tableau  de  la  situation  des  etablissements  fran9ai8  dans 
PAlg^rie.  Paris:  4to.  Vol.  ii.,  1837-38,  pp.  248,  with  numerous  maps  and 
plans. 

810.  1839.  Cavaignao,  Bug.  Ijouis,  chef  de  bataillon,  brother  of  the  General 
of  that  name. — De  la  Rdgence  d'Alger,  notes  sur  Poccupation,  Ptois:  Svo, 
pp.  245. 

811.  1839.  Duverger,  P. — La  f^alitd  comme  moyen  de  oonserver  et  de  civi- 
liser  PAlg^rie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

812.  1839.  Czynski,  Jean. — Colonisation  de  PAlgdrie  d'apr^  la  th6orie  de 
Charles  Fourier. 

818.    1839.    Boub^  F.  Th.  de.— De  la  colonisation  de  PAlg^rie.    Kantes:  8vo. 

814.  1839.  Tenrer. — Catalogue  raisonn^  des  moUusques  terrestres  et  fluviatiles 
observds  dans  les  possessions  fran9aises  au  nord  de  PAfrique.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  40. 

814a.  1839.  Judas.— M^moire  sur  les  antiquites  de  Guelma.  Prdsent6  k 
Plnstitut. 

815.  1839.  Rozey,  A.  Q.,  President  de  la  Soci6t^  coloniale.— Sur  I'Alg^e; 
M^moire  adress^  aux  chambres  legislatives.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

In  the  name  and  with  the  authority  of  the  Society. 

816.    Cris  de  conscience  de  PAlgdrie.    Paris :  8vo. 

816a.  1839.  Fouqueau  de  Fussy. — £tat  de  la  civilisation  en  Afrique.  Paris : 
8vo. 

817.  1839.  Roland  de  Bussy,  Th.— L'idiome  d'Alger;  dictionnaire  fran^ais- 
arabe  et  arabo-fran9ais,  &c.    8vo. . 

818.    Petit  vocabulaire  franfais-arabe. 

819.  1839.  Vinohon,  Baron  de,  Officier  sup^rieur. — Histoire  de  PAlg^rie  et  de 
plusieurs  autres  ^tats  barbaresques  depuis  les  temps  les  plus  ancicns  jusqu*^  oe 
jour.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  245,  4  plates. 

820.  1839.  ^eque  de  Bodes.— Vie  de  Saint  Vincent  de  Paul  Ptois: 
2  vol.  8vo. 

821.  1839.  Temple,  Sir  Qrenville,  Bev.  Q.  N.  Wright,  dEC.— The  Shores 
and  Islands  of  the  Mediterranean.    London :  4to. — See  also  No.  662. 

821a.  1839.  Temple,  Sir  Qrenville.- Sketch  of  the  Campaign  of  Eostantina 
in  1837.    United  Service  Journal,  January  et  seq. 

822.  1839.  Botalier,  CL  de.  — La  captivity  de  Barberousse  roi  d'Alger. 
Chroniquc  du  XVI*  si^le.    Paris :  8vo.  • 

828.  1839.  Booking,  Edvardus. — Notitia  dignitatum  et  administrationum 
omnium  tam  civilium  quam  militarum  in  partibus  orientis  et  occidentis  ad  Godd. 
MSS.  monachiensium  Komanis,  Parisiensium  ac  Vindobonensis  cditorumque  fidem 
reccnsuit,  &c     Bonnno,  ab  an.  1839  usque  ad  an.  1853. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  187 

834.  1839.  '  Berbrugger,  A, — ^Voyage  au  camp  d'Abd-el-Kader  jI  Hamzah  ct 
aux  montagnes  de  Wannourah  (Province  de  Constantine)  en  1837-38.  Toulon  : 
Sto,  pp.  80.    From  the  Revue  des  deux  Mondes,  15th  August,  1838. 

825.  1839.    Blicke  auf  die  letzte  Eroberung.    Gopenhague,  8vo. 

On  the  conquest  and  colonisation  of  Algeria. 

826.  1839.  Beoueil  de  documents  sur  I'exp^dition  et  la  prise  dc  Constantino  par 
les  Frangais  en  1837,  pour  servir  ^  Thistoire  de  cette  campagne.  Paris :  8vo  text, 
and  atlas  foL,  maps  and  plans. 

827.  1839.    Abelus,  Mgr.^Vie  de  St.  Vincent  de  PauL    Paris :  8vo. 

828.  1839.  Giiilberty  Aristide. — De  la  colonisation  au  nord  dc  VAfrique. 
Ntessit^  d*une  association  nationale  pour  Texploitation  de  I'Algerie.  Paris :  8vo, 
pp.  666.    Other  editions  in  1840-41. 

829.  1839.  Ferier,  Dr.  Joanny. — Lettres  m^icales  sur  TAlgdric  et  observations 
adressdes  k  M.  le  Dr.  Gaffe.  Paris:  8vo,  pp.  8.  From  Joum.  des  Conn.  M^d., 
Feb.  and  March. 

880.    Deuxidme  lettre.    Coup  d'osil  sur  les  maladies  des  Arabes.    Paris : 

8vo,  pp.  6. 

881.  1839.  Bonnafont,  Dr. — Geographic  mfidicalo  d'Alger  ct  ses  environs. 
Alger :  8vo,  pp.  xv.  and  170. 

The  author  examines  the  sanitary  condition  of  Algiers  and  its  neighbour- 
hood ;  the  causes  of  the  insalubrity  of  the  ])lain ;  the  fogs  and  siroccos  which 
prevail,  and  the  influence  of  the  climate  on  pulmonary  complaints. 

882.  1839.  Bosooe,  Thomas. — The  Life  and  Writings  of  Miguel  de  Cervantes 
Saavedra,  with  literary  and  historical  illustrations  from  authentic  documents  sup- 
plied  by  Spanish  biographers  and  other  editors  of  his  works.  London :  12ino, 
pp.  412. 

Chaps,  ii.  and  iii.  narrate  C.'s  capture  [in  1575]  by  an  Algerino  squadron, 
long  captivity,  frequent  attempts  to  escape,  ransom,  and  return  to  Spain  in 
[1681]. 
832a.    1839.    Sanquaire-Boulign^. — Memoire  sur  TAIg^rie.    Mirecourt :  4to. 

882b.    1839.    Ck>loxiiBation  d'Alger. — Hecaeil  des  articles  qui  ont  paru  dans  lo 

Nouveau  Monde.    Paris :  8vo. 
888.    1839.    Estancelin  H,  D6put<S  de  la  Somme. — Goup-d'oeil  sur  la  conquSte 

et  la  possession  d'Alger.    Bevue  Africaine,  p.  3. 

884.    1839.  Abel-el-Kader    et   TAlg^rie    en    1839  par   un   Officier    Gdndral 

(Oudinot^.  Spectateur  Militaire,  t.  xxvii.  p.  151. 

836.  1839.  Oudinot,  Ijieut.-GWn6raL — De  la  situation  actuelled*Abd-cl-Kader. 
Paris. 

838.  1839.  Felet  de  la  Iioz^re,  Ijieut.-G^ii^ral. — Considerations  sur  Alger. 
Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  11.  From  the  Eevue  Fran9aise,  January. — See  also  Spect.  Milit., 
Dec. 

837.  1839.  An  Account  of  Algeria. — Journ.  Statist.  Soc.  London,  vol.  ii. 
pp.  115-28. 

838.  1839.  Pelet  de  la  Iioz^re,  Q6n6ral  J.  J.,  Pair  de  France.— Note  sur  la 
situation  de  I'Algerie  ^  la  fin  de  Janvier  1838,  demand^e  par  le  Gdndral  Bernard, 
et  remise  3  f6v.  1838.  Aveo  unc  carte  de  la  Province  d'Alger.  Paris :  8vo, 
pp.  13.    From  the  Spectateur  Militaire,  loth  Dec. 

Considerations  sur  Alger.  From  the  Revue  Franfaise,  January,  pp.  11. 


BlBUOGKAPHr  OF  ALGERIA. 

D'Amaud,  Inteudant  Militaire. — E 
I'anufie  d'Afrique.    I.  c,  Oct. 

1840.    'Roaej,  A.  Q.— Cris  de  coMcience  de  I'AIgSrie,  avec  approlntiua 

de  la  Sociele  Coloniale  d'Alger.     PariB :  8vo,  pji.  443. 

-  Mimoira  am  Chambres  legiElatives,     EsquiBse  rapide  et  htstoriqut' 

Bor  I'ndmlaistraliou  do  t'Alg^rie  depuia  1830,  et  sur  la  direction  qu'y  dom^B 

GiSn&'al  Biigeaud,  &C.    Marseille :  8ro,  pp.  80. 

1840.    Pricia   analytique   de  Tbistoire    anc.    d'Afriqiie  aeptent 
V  Tableau  de  k  Situation  dea  ittablisseraenta  franfaie  for  1840. 

043,    18^0.    I<r««Tieux,  Cb.  Pierre  de.— M^moire  biatorique,  gSograplii 
politique  snr  I'AlgSrie,  suivi   d'un  plan  d'occupation  general,  &c. 


1 


644.  1840.  Juba  IL— Born  in  Tinmidia;  sent  prisoner  to  Borne,  Bubsequentlv 
King  of  Mauritania.  Fragments  of  bia  History  of  Lybia,  Sec,  have  been  pre- 
Borved  and  collected  in  vol.  iii,  of '  FragBientn  iiistoricorum  Grteoorum,"  CoUcclion 
Didot,  1840. 
845.  1840.  Blanqui,  Jer.  Adolphe,  Meiobre  de  I'lnstitnt. — Al^^rie.  Bapport 
a  fconoinique  de  nos  posacsEioc.^  dans  le  Nord  d'Afrique.  Ftii^: 
8ro,  pp,  104. 

Read  before  the  Acadi^mie  des  Scicncee,  wliicii  iiad  charged  the  author  lo 
study  the  question  of  Algeria. 
1840.    Montague,  Biicien  Admin istrateur. — I«ttTO  d'un  colon  d'Alger  4 
M.  Blanqui.     Maraeille :  6vo,  pp.  G2. 

Tlio  author  adviaes  hh  conntrynon  to  take  no  further  notice  of  Ahd-el- 
Eader,  and  as  they  n'ould  thus  have  no  Jugurtha  to  overcome,  they  would  bate 

1840.  Faris,  B. — Bo  la  situation  de  I'Al^^rie  depuis  les  maSEaoree  da 
20  novemhre,  ou  des  moyens  de  combnttre  la  puissance  d'Ahd-el-Kader,  et 
d'arr8tcr  !a  mine  de  noire  colonie.  S[»ecl.  Milit.,  January. 
347.  1840,  lies  CoIohb  d'Alger  ft  la  France. — DominatioB  g^n^rale,  ColoniEai- 
tion  progrcsulyc,  Gonverneraent  civil.  Marseille ;  8vo,  pp.  30.  Signed  by  Baron 
de  Vialar  and  many  others. 

1840,     Abd-el-Qader,  et  sa  iiout 
Paris :  8yo,  pp.  iiC,  roap.     Froni  tlifi  Nov 

1840.     Citati,  O-a^tan,  Batiqoier. — Des  propriety  et  des  propri^lairB 
Algiirie.     Toulon  :  8vo. 

1840.     Walstn-Eaterhazy,  Colonel,  afterwards  General. —  De  la  domi 
turque  dana  I'ancienne  Rc!;;enoe  d'Alger.     Paris :  8vo. 
851.    1840.    RouBBel,    N. — Mon    voyage   en    Alge'rie    rocont^  ii  i: 
Parifl;  Sto. 

1840.    lies  Fran^aiB  h,  Alger ;  y  rcsteront-ile  ?    Question  pr£c^&  ch| 
I'squiaso  i\  Vopoquo  actuelle.    Par  A.  C.    Paris  :  8vo. 

1840.     Fumeron   d'Ardeuil,  ancien  Pr^fet,  —  Nouvelles  oheervatioc 
la  situation  et  I'aTenir  de  nos  possessions  d'Afrique.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  29, 
The  author  examines  the  question.  How  far  Abd-el-Kadir  is 
up  and  colonisnlion  enc^nmged. 


■lie  capitale.     Par  'A.  (?  M.  d'Avewc). 
'.  Ann.  des  Voyages. 


iftaireu^^ 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  189* 

864.  1840.  Dopigez^  Aumdnicr  de  Tarm^  d'Afrique. — Souvenirs  de  I'Alg^rie 
et  de  la  FraDce.    Doiud :  8vo,  1  lith. 

854a.  1840.  D'Avezao. — Note  sur  les  documents  recueillis  jusqu'i  ce  jour  pour 
r^tude  de  la  langue  Berb^re,  et  sur  divers  manuscrits  anciens  en  cette  langue, 
qu'il  importe  de  rechercher.  Bull.  Sec.  G4og.  de  Paris,  2*  s^r.  t.  xiv.  pp.  223- 
39 ;  also  apart^  Paris,  8vo. 

856.  1840.  Narrative  of  Sidi  Ibrahim  ben  Muhhammed  el  Susi  in  the  Berber 
language,  with  interlineary  version  and  notes  by  Newman.    Calcutta :  8vo,  pp.  55. 

856.  1840.  Bay,  A. — Le  Maroc  et  la  question  d' Alger.  Revue  des  deux 
Mondes,  1st  Dec. 

857.  1840.  Ii^tang,  Baron  de.  General  and  Senator. — ^Des  moyens  d'assurer 
la  domination  fran^aise  en  Alg^rie.  Paris.  A  critical  analysis  of  this  work  was 
published  by  Dr.  Wamier.    Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  56. — See  No.  1303. 

858.  1840.  Thomassy,  Jos.  Basrmond. — De  la  colonisation  militaire  de 
PAlg^rie.    Paris:  8vo. 

860.    1840.    Bogniaty  Viscomte  Jos.,  Lieutenant-Gdn^ral  du  G^nie. — De  la 
colonisation  de  TAlg^rie,  et  des  fortifications  propres  ^  garantir  les  colonnes  des< 
invasions  des  tribus  afrioaines.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  57. 

The  author  is  in  favour  of  surrounding  the  hundred  square  leagues  which 
form  the  territory  of  Algiers  with  a  continuous  line  of  defence  flanked  with 
towers,  within  which  only  he  thinks  colonisation  possible.  When  this  is  peopled 
he  would  create  others  to  the  east  and  west. 

800.    Opinion  sur  la  question  de  TAlg^rie  ^  Toccasion  des  credits  suppld*^ 

znentaires.    Paris :  8vo. 

The  author,  who  was  a  peer  of  France,  prepared  this  speech  for  delivery  in 
the  Chamber,  but  died  before  having  delivered  it. 

880a.  1840.  Cory,  Capitaine. — An  examination  of  the  systems  of  defence 
proposed  by  Oeneral  Bogniat,  Comdt.  Saint-Hypolite,  and  Capt.  Iieblano- 
de  Fr6boi8.    Spect.  Militaire,  March. 

881.  1840.  BoBsi^re. — ^Projet  de  colonisation  en  Algdrie.  Carpentras :  8vo, 
pp.44. 

The  author  endeavoured  to  form  a  Society  for  obtaining  12,000  hectares  of 
land  in  Algeria. 
1840.    Jeblonowski,    Comte   Venceslas. —  Esquisse  d*un   syst^me  de- 
civiltsation  et  de  colonisation  de  TAlg^rie  par  un  Stranger  qui  a  babit6  ce  pays,  et 
qui  n'y  possMe  rien.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

1840.  Iieblano  de  Pr^bois,  Fran9oi8,  Capitaine  d'l^tat-major. — De  la 
n4ceKit6  de  substituer  le  gouvemement  civile  au  gouvernement  militaire.  Paris 
and  Montpellier :  8vo,  pp.  80,  with  a  map  illustrating  the  author's  proposition  for 
a  system  of  military  occupation. 

Conditions  essentielles  du  progr^  en  Alg^rie.    Paris  and  Montpellier : 

8vo,  pp.  92,  with  map.     A  sequel  to  the  foregoing  work. 

Lettre  sur  I'Alg^e  ^  MM.  les  Deputes.    Montpellier:  8vo,  pp.  8. 


1840.  Savary,  Chef  de  bataillon  du  Gdnie. — Algdrie.  Nouveau  projet 
d'occnpaiion  restreinte.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  54, 1  map. 

1840.  Hodien^. — ^De  la  gestion  des  intdrSts  nationaux  en  Afrique,  on 
T6sum6  critique  de  I'^tat  politique  et  ^conomique  de  I'Algdrie.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  9G, 
map. 


A  BICLlOGlIAPei-  OF  ALOEREA, 
1840.    FouUo,  Emm. — Considerations  g^nsrolea  sur  In  HiJgence  cTAIger. 


^ 


1810.    DeToisins,  V. — ExixMition  Jo  Cuostautine,  accompagn^c  tlQ., 
i  d'Afrique.     Paris :   8v<j,  carte,  plan  et  fi| 


Mj^ 

M 


870.  1810-44.    Aumale,  le  Duo  do. — Cainpagno  en  Afriiguc.    F&ris :  Stol 

871.  1840.    Exploration  Boientlflque  d'AlgSrie  pendant  lo*  anoAjs  1840-H. 
I'ubli^a  par  ordre  du  Gouvememeat.     Paris :  Iraprimerie  Rojalc,  17  vol. 

A  magnificent  work,  illustrating  the  Eeogmphy,  natural  history,  archreoli^y, 
and  arclijtecture  at  the  country. 

The  various  memoirs  are  given  separately. — See  notices  of  these  works  Id 
the  Edinburgh  Review,  184G,  vol.  lisilv.  p.  46,  and  the  Quarterly  Beview, 
1856.  vol.  scix.  p.  331. 

872.  ISIO.    DuchaesELing,  E.~La  v6nt6  aur  Alger.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  242,, 


I 


873.  1840.  Hfttln,  B.— Hialoiro  pittoresque  de  rAl(!*iric,  oonlanant  UDo 
historiqae  sur  les  cotnmoQCOineats  do  cvt  £tat  et  lea  diverses  exptSditious  'tentte 
centre  Alger.  La  description  do  pays  et  de  ses  villes  principalea,  avec  lea  details 
curieus  sur  lea  mccnra  et  Us  uHBgoa  des  Cabyles,  etc.,  avec  la  nurration  delull^ 
de  la  conquQtc  de  1830  et  des  faits  qui  I'ont  sulvie  jasqu'en  1840.  Paris ;  6^, 
map,  portraits  and  views. 

874.  1840.  Sucliet,  I'Abbd,  Vicaire  G^ue'ral.— I.ettrca  ediliant«s  ct  curieuses 
sur  TAlg^rie.    Tours  :  8vo,  pp.  432. 

875.  1840.    Algiers.    Blaekwwd's  Edin.  Wig.,  xlvii.  p.  21T. 

876.  1840.  Oirot,  L. — Observations  historiques,  [Mlitiques  el  militaires  sur 
VAlgi^rie  et  sur  sa  colonisation.     Paris :  8vo. 

877.  1840.  Avezao-Maoaya,  BL  A.  P.  d'.— Abd-el-Kader  et  so.  nouvcUe 
capitale,  avec  iin  plan  du  siie  (!c  Takedemt.     I'aria;  8vo. 

878.  1840.  Barthdiemy,  1*.  M.~lttudes  tnornles,  foouomiqucs  et  poUtiques  sur 
I'AlgJrie.  PijmonstraCion  de  riocompatibilitd  de  regime  militaire  avec  la  forma- 
tion d'un  ^tiiblissoment  colonial  en.  Afrique.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  200. 

The  first  section  ia  devoted  to  the  occupation  oF  Ibe  country,  witli  b  akeloh 
oC  the  military  position  at  the  beginning  of  1640 ;  the  secoad  deals  witli  tbe 
subject  of  colonisation, 

879.  1840.     Glrot,    Colonel   L.,   Ex-cbef  d'liU^major  Ji  rormie  d'Afrique^— 

Gbservatioiis  bisioriquea,  [lolitiques,  et  niilitairea  sur  I'Algririe  et  sur  sa  oolonisa- 
tion.     Paris ;  8vo,  pp.  171. 

880.  1840.  Duv^rino,  A— Do  la  geatiou  des  int^rClK  nalionans  en  Afrique,  nn 
r^sumij  critique  de  I'dtat  politique  et  Awnomique  de  I'AlgiSrie.  Paris;  8vo, 
pp.  88,  with  a  mnp  showing  the  extent  of  territory  proposed  to  be  ooluniaod. 

SSOa.  1840.  Bagot  de  IfantiUy.— M£moire  sur  la  n<!cc3sitv  d'un  cbaugcineul  de 
aystkue  ot  d'un  gouverneroent  civil,  &c.    Earia :  8vo. 

8e0b.    1640.    TreUo.— ConaideratiODB  DOUvelles  sur  I'Algi^rie.    Paris:  Svo. 

880o.    1840.    ICaaalafl,  le  Baroii.— Moyen  unique  d'occu[}tr,  de  coloniser  el  ds 

coDBorvcr  rAlgdfir>     Strasbourg:  81*0. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  191 

1840.    P.  D. — ^La  ffodalitd  comme  moyea  de  conserver  et  de  civiliser 
rAlg^rie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

The  author  proposes  to  cover  Algeria  with  castles,  as  in  Europe  during  the 
Middle  Ages,  and  to  revive  a  feudal  system  suited  to  the  ideas  of  the  present 
time! 


1840.  Hartooh,  H^loise. — Lettre  sur  Tetat  des  Juifs  de  TAlg^rie  et  sur 
leg  moyens  de  les  tirer  de  Tahjection  dans  laquelle  ils  sent  tomhes. — See  Archives 
Isr&elites  de  France,  p.  537. 

This  letter  commences  with  the  words  *'  Les  Juifs  de  ce  pays  sont  esclaves 
de  leur  pr^jug^s."  A  remarkable  change  has  come  over  them  since  the 
conquest. 

1840.    Fharaon,  Joanny,  and  Dr.  Goldscheider. — Lettre  sur  Tdtat  des 
Juifs  en  Alg^rie.    Arch.  Israel,  de  France,  Sep.  and  Oct. 

S83L     1840.    Soci^t^  AMcaine. — Frojet  d*une  association  universelle  pour  la 
colonisation  et  la  civilisation  do  TAfrique.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  14. 

883«k.  1840.  Defense  du  fort  on  r^uit  de  Mazagran  par  la  10^  compagnie  du 
l**^   bat.  d'lnfanterie  l^g^re  d'Afrique,  avec  un  plan,    Spect.  Mi  lit.,  May, 

884.  1840.  Chapuys-Montlaville,  D^put^. — Aux  Braves !  R^cit  de  la  defense 
de  ^Biazagran.  Followed  by  *  Ode  aux  ddfenseurs  de  ce  poste,'  jwr  M.  de  Caillas. 
Pa.ris:  8vo,  pp.  16. 

886-  1840.  Dufour,  Madame  Fanny. — Mazagran.  A  poem.  Paris:  8vo, 
pp.  16. 

886-  1840.  TaUichel,  Vice-Prdsident  de  la  Soci^te  Coloniale.— Lettre  &  MM.  les 
i^^mbres  des  chambres  legislatives  de  France.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  62. 

The  author  expresses  the  fears  of  the  colonists  and  the  hope  that  the  colony 
itiay  be  incorporated  with  France. 

887.     1840.    Del^cluze,  E.  J. — Raymond  Lulle.     From  the   Rev.  des  deux 
Sondes,  15  nov. 

Raymond  LuUy  was  a  native  of  Majorca,  bom  in  1235 ;  after  a  dissipated 
youth  he  entered  the  Church  and  devoted  himself  to  the  conversion  of  Mahom- 
dedans.  He  was  stoned  at  Bougie,  and  died  before  he  could  reach  his  native 
city  of  Palma,  where  he  was  buried. 

^    1840.    Algeria.    The.  Penny  Magazine,  vol.  ix.  pp.  29-65. 
Two  short  articles  describing  Algiers  and  Ck)nstantine. 


1840.    De  Ijoynes,  Ddput^  de  Loiret. — Observations  sur  les  credits  supple- 
^ntaires  demand^s  pour  I'Algerie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  22. 

He  complains  of  the  want  of  system  in  the  military  expeditions,  during 
Which  only  4000  have  been  killed  in  action,  while  36,000  have  died  from 
^lisease. 

®^-  1840.  Saint-HyppoUte,  Chef-d'escadron  dMtat-major.  —  De  I'Algerie, 
"ysteme  du  Due  de  Rovigo  en  1832.  Moyens  d'affermir  nos  possessions  en  1840, 
^^18:  8vo,  pp.  15,  with  a  map  illustrating  the  author's  proposal  for  a  partial 
^lonisation  of  the  Metidja  by  means  of  canals  of  defence  and  irrigation, 
^ginally  published  in  the  Spectateur  Militaire,  February. 

^** Notes  sur  le  thdatre  des  operations  militaires  dans  le  centre  de 

"^^rie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  24,  With  a  large  map  of  the  environs  of  Algiers.  From 
^^^  same  jounml,  April. 
^OL.  n.  o 


l'J2  A  li[BL[OGR.\niV  OF  ALGERIA.  ^^^^^^H 

883.    1840.    Joue^r,  D6put4— La  iwlilique  de  U  FruiM  en  Afrique.     Piriii 

8  TO,  pp.  (36. 

Reprodnotion  of  an  arLiclo  published  in  tlie  Revne  des  deux  Mondes,  June 
1838,  aud  to  bavo  been  inspired  by  General  La  Morici^ro. 
888.    1840  7    Matsonne,    Ifiaolae    de    la,  Capitaine   do  Grenadiers. — Do  la 

souverainote  de  la  Franca  en  Afrique  par  Toccupation  restreiute  et  le  Hystelua  dec 

raiaias.    Avignon :  8vo,  pp.  16. 
893a.    1S40.    Pranque.— SyntliOsc  de  la  question  d'Afrique.    Paris :  8vo. 
8M.     1840.     Caatelane,   Gomte   da,  Lieut-GduuraL — Discours  h.  Tocnasiaa  du 

credit   ex trsotdi Cairo   demnndiS  ponr   les  d<ii>enses  do   TAIgirie,    Chambro  do* 

Pairs,  ISjuin.     Paris:  8vo,  pp.  24. 

805,  1840.  I>e  Iiotobb,  DfpuUi. — Observations  sur  les  criSJits  suppUmeaUirec 
demands  pour  I'AlgiSrio.    Paris :  8to,  pp.  22. 

886.     1840.     Bauds,  le  Baron- — L'Algirie.     Pdria ;  2  vol.  8vo. 

897.    1841.    Pa»tel,  J.  P.  Jules.— L'Afnque.    fichange  dcs  priflonniens.    Odu 

a  Mgr.  riSvcque  d'Algur.     Beouno  :  12mo,  pp.  8, 
888.    1841.    Wagner,  Dr.  Morita.— Reisen  in  dor  Regentschaft  Algier  in  dm 
Jabren  1836-7-8.     Leipzig ;  3  vol,  8vo,  with  map  and  17  plates. 

An  excellent  work  for  the  time.  A  great  deal  of  his  information  was  mp- 
plied  by  a  renegade  Frenchman  oaraod  Bandoin. — See  Pulsitky,  No.  170C. 

899.  1841.  Ebn-Klialdouii,  Native  of  Tunia.— Hiatoire  de  VAfrique  eotu  la 
Dynastis  des  .\^hlabiteii  et  de  la  Sidle,  Sec,  accompi^n^  d'une  traductiou  fraiifito 
et  do  notes  par  Jaa.  Noel  des  Vorgera,  Arab©  et  Fninrais.  Pari* :  8vq,  pp.  ixxix., 
SO,  Bud  201.— See  also  Nos.  354,  1255.  2766. 

900.  1841.     Erath,  A,— Bcis  naar  Algiers,     Grouingen :  8vo. 

801,  1841.  Faecul,  Adrian. — Pr^ia  historique  dea  actions  de  guerre  du  17*  R^. 
d'Infanterio  lij;;fire,  &c.    8vo. 

802.  1841,     D'Oina,  Cambda. — Un  e'change  de  prisonniers.     Alais;  8vo. 

903,  1841.  Botalier,  Claude  de.— Hiatoiro  d' Alger  et  ds  la  piratcrie  des  Tom 
dans  la  Miiditerran^  ii  dattir  du  XT1°  siicle.     Paris  :  2  vol.  8to. 

This  work  ifl  well  written.    It  terminates  with  the  capture  of  Algiers, 

S04.  1841.  H"Qt«a  aur  rorgaiiisalion  des  troupes  in^gnliSrea  algMeimes.  PhHs: 
8to. 

806.  1841.     Pell6,  Clemant — It  Mediterranoo  illnatrato.     Firenze:  4to. 

908.  1841,  VaJmy,  Duo  da. — Question  d'Alger.  Uistoiro  des  negooialioni. 
Paria:  8vo, 

907.  1841.  Brougliton,  Mrs.- Six  Yeara'  Itcaidence  in  Algiers,  1806-11'. 
2nd  edition.    London ;  8vo,  pp,  452. 

Mr.H.  Broughtou  was  daughter  of  Mr.  Blanokley,  H.M.  Agent  and  Consnl- 
General.  The  most  valuable  part  of  this  volume  consists  of  extracts  from  hef 
mother's  diary,    2  illustrationB. — Sea  Monthly  Review,  vol,  cxlix.  p.  210, 

The  first  edition  pubhshed  id  1839.    Bevieweil  in  Tail's  Ediu.  Ma^,  toI.  vi. 

908.  1841.  WeidemaEin.  Pr.  u.  Wemar.^Algier.  Erobening  durch  J.  Fran- 
zoseD,  und  Gescbichte  der  neuestcu  FeldKilge.     Ilambnrg ;  lOmo. 

809.  1841.  IJUTivier,  OAn^ral.— Solution  de'Ia  ijucsUon  .Ic  TAlfi^rie.  Paris; 
8vo,  pp.  344,  maps. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  193 

'010.  1841.  Duvivier,  O^n^ral. — Recherches  et  notes  sur  la  portion  de  TAlg^rie 
au  8ud  de  Gtielma  depuis  la  frontifere  de  Tunis  jusqu'au  Mont  Aur^  compris, 
iadiqoant  lea  anciennes  routes  roniaines  encore  apparentes.  Paris :  4 to,  pp.  66, 
with  map. 

^11-    Ports  en  Algerie.    Expense  jI  M.  Thiers.    Paris :  18mo. 

"912.    Algerie.    lUponse  ^  I'examen  publi6  par  le  Dr.  Guyon.    Paris :  Svo, 

1843. 

913a^  1841.  Charlier,  A,  C— Compte  rendu  do  Touvrage  du  G<Sn6ral  Duvivier 
[Xo.  910].     Spect.  Milit.,  November. 

912t>.  1841.  Bellonet,  G^n^ral  de. — ^Sur  les  travaux  du  corps  du  G^nie  en 
A.frique  pendant  les  deux  campagnes  de  1840.    I.  c,  July. 

913.  1841.  De  la  consolidatioii  de  la  puissance  fran9ai8e  en  Algdrie,  par 
M!.  T.  de  B.  (Tassin  de  Beaumont).    Paris :  8vo. 

914.  1841.  Beinaud. — Notice  sur  dictionnaires  geographiques  arabes,  et  sur  le 
sysf^DQe  primitif  de  la  numeration  chez  les  peuples  de  race  berb^re.    Paris :  8vo. 

916.  1841.  BouBseau,  Alph. — Chroniques  de  la  Regence  d' Alger.  Traduites 
d'un  MS.  arabe  intituld :  *  El-Zohrat-el-Nayerat.'    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  214. 

918.  1841.  Movers,  Dr.  Franz  CarL — Die  PhOnizier.  Bonn,  Berlin:  3  vol. 
8^0,  1841-56. 

-A  most  important  work. 

917.  X841.  Bavoux,  Jos.  ^variste. — Alger;  voyage  politique  et  descriptif 
dans  le  Nord  de  TAfrique.     Paris :  2  vol.  8vo,  pp.  372  and  381 ;  2nd  ed.  in  1843. 

-A  polemical  work,  being  an  answer  to  tbe  attacks  of  Desjobert  in  'Algerie 
ett  X838.' 

918.  1841,  D'Estry,  Stephen. — Histoiro  d' Alger,  de  son  territoire,  et  do  ses 
habitants;  de  ses  pirateries,  de  son  commerce,  &c.,  depuis  les  temps  les  plus 
recul^  josqu'^  nos  jours.  D6di^e  ^  Mgr.  Dupucb,  dv6que  d' Alger.  Tours :  8vo, 
2nd  edition,  1852,  pp.  384. 

919.  1841,  Baudens,  Dr. — Relation  historique  de  Texpedition  k  Tagdempt, 
Paris:  8vo,  pp.  32, 

iFrom  tbe  Mus^e  des  Families,  July.     This  place  was  tbe  headquarters 
aiid  arsenal  of  Abd-el-Kader. 

W.  1841.  The  French  in  Algeria.  Blackwood's  Edin.  Mag.,  vol.  1., 
PP- 183-99. 

^1«  X841.  Quitard. — Du  desarmement  des  Arabes,  considerd  comme  I'unique 
moyen  de  soumettre,  de  coloniser  et  de  civiliser  TAlg^rie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  24. 

^*  1841.  Voisin,  Dr.  J.  C. — Hygiene  du  soUlat  en  Espagne,  en  Portugal  et  en 
^<lUe.    Paris:  8vo. 

^*    1841.    Tiandmann,  Abb^,— Les  fermes  du  jjctit  Atlas,  ou  colonisation 

^oole,  religieuse  et  militaire  du  Nord  de  rAfrique.     Paris :  Svo,  pp,  192,  with 

plan. 

^**'    1841.    liamarque,  Capitaine  Ij6o, — De  la  conquete  et  dc  la  colonisation 
^* Algerie.    Paris,  Lyon :  8vo,  pp,  289,  6  plates  and  1  map. 

^'  1841.  Biimigny,  O^n^ral  M.  Theodore,  Comte  de,  A.D.C.  to  Louis 
f*^ippe. — ^Essai  sur  la  province  d' Alger,  sur  les  exp^itions  feites  dans  ce  pays, 
]U8qu»4  oes  jours,  et  sur  les  moyens  de  les  rendre  fructueuses.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  40. 
^^om  Spect  MiUt,,  April. 

o  2 


194 


A  BUSLIOGRAPHY  OF  AUiERlA. 


9Se.    1841.    Humigny,  (Mairal  M.  T.,&o.— K'otessiirroipuiisitioitdwtnjnpw 

irrpjiilifireB  algerieunp*.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  32. 
927.    1841.    Berbrugger,    Adrien. — ^change   dea  prisonniore.     K^ociations 

entro  Mgr.  I'fiveque  d' Alger  el  Abd-el-Kader.     8to. 
938.    1841.    Saint-Marc,  Qirardin. — De  la  domination  dea  Curthnginois  et  dea 

Bomains  en  Afriquc,  cumpar^e  avtc  la  dominatloa  fniDCiiise.     HeTile  des  deux 

Mondes,  liit  May. 
039.    1841.    Foirel,  Ingfaionr  en  chef  dea  ponU  et  chouas^.—^M^moiie  snr  In 

tiavaiix  i  la  mer,  coniprcmiut  ITiiatoriquB  des  mivrages  cs&dWs  au  Port  d'Alger. 

Paris :  4to,  pp.  4,  with  atlas  aiid  18  plates. 

SSO.    1841  ?     Bousseau,  Alphonea.— El-Zobanit  cl-Naharat,     ChroaiqiiD  du 
Ecj'lik  d'Oran,  par  tin  Spcrtialre  du  Bey-Asaao,    Paris  :  no  dale,  8vo,  pp.  32, 

This  ia  a  transhillou  of  a  very  valuable  MS.  obtntned  by  U.  Rouiaean,  and 
presented  to  the  Library  at  Algiers,  where  it  bears  the  No.  1001.  Copioiu 
notea  hnve  beea  added  by  M.  Berbrugger.  The  perioil  embraced  ia  from  1792 
till  181 T.     Uention  is  made  of  the  bombardmeuC  of  Algiers  by  Lord  Exmoq 


Bapport  sur  laloi  <ie  la  cobniBalion  militaire  dc  I'Alguric 


il 


Afriqoe 
ae  plann  cF 


i  priucipauj:  ouvrngea  rcccmmtst 


er  iUUk^^M 
i  SardtE^^* 


9S0b.  1841.  Tableau  de  k  Eituntion  dea  t^tablisEenienta  fran^ais  e 
1840.  Published  by  the  War  Office.  Paris:  4to,  pp.  452;  with  i 
the  principal  cities,  and  a  biblit^raphy. 

980e.    1841.    D'Aveaoc.— De  I'Alg^rit 

ptililioB  -X  CO  sujet.    Nouv.  Ann.  dos  Voyages,  t.  iii, 

931-     1841,    Qudrin,  Ijeon. — Le  tour  du  moude,  ou  les  niilJe  et  une  raervwllK 

des  voyages.     Alrique  aeplentrionale.     Paris :  12mo,  pp.  118. 

The  Buppcaed  adventures  of  a  young  French  fift-r  takeu  prisoner  & 
capture  of  Algers. 

832.    1841.    Grilberg  de  Hemab,  Jacquoa,  formerly  Swcdisli  and  Soi 

CoDbul  in  Morocco. — Obsecvaliuns  BUthentiques  sur  k  pesto  du  Lerout,  et  sue  U 
vertu  sp&ifiqne  de  I'builc  de  I'olive  centre  cettfl  effrayante  maladie. 
l>onr  ia  seconde  reunion  acientifiqno  italienne,  Turin,  1840.     Florence :  Svo. 

Ho  gives  the  result  of  coses  observed  at  Tangier,  and  an  historical  pr^sisof 
tho  appearance,  progress,  and  extinction  of  the  disease.  There  is  no  allu^ou  to 
Algiers*,  but  the  diaeisc  in  both  places  w.ia  similar. 

SS3.    1841.    Iia  Qtierre  d'AfHque.    Lettre  d'lm  Lieuteuaut  de  I'ann^  d'Afriqne 

h  Bon  oncle,  vieus  soldat  de  !a  Hcvolution  et  do  TEmpire.    Alger:  12mo,  pp.  36. 

Signed  L,  de  V  *  "  *.     A  simple  and  ictorcsting  acconut  of  tbo  operation*  iu 

which  ho  was  engaged  in  the  west  of  the  province  of  Oian.    2nd  ed.— Sec 

No.  806. 

834.    1841.    D^ret,  H  Abb£. — Cat^chiiime  ilu  BiocAsc  d'Algcr,  expliqni!  par 

SI.  Augustiii.    Ouvragc  reciieiUi,  tradult  i-t  mis  en  ordre  par  .  .  .    Lyon,  Ruis: 

3  vol.  8vo,  pp.  397,  .'■>12,  and  731. 

93S.     1841.    Aruuiles  de  llnatltut  d'Aftique.    Comnienced  1st  Jan.,  oon- 

linued  aix  ycara,  principally  with  the  object  of  pulling  a  atop  to  the  slave  tradb 


Pai 


s:  4to. 
It  onlj 


CLintains  occaaioual  iiapers  regarding  Algeria. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  195 

0S6.    1841.    Baude,  lie  Baron,  Ex-oommissaire  du  Roi  en  Afrique. — L'Algerie. 
Pans :  2  voL  Svo,  pp.  404  and  492,  3  maps. 
A  valuable  work. 

837.    1842.    Ibn-HaukeL — ^Description  de  TAfrique  traduit  do  TArabe,  par  le 
Baron  de  Slane.    Joum.  Asiat.,  3*  s^rie,  t.  xiii. 

Also  Arab  text,  published  by  de  Goeje,  Leyden,  1871.    English  translation 
by  Ousley,  1800. 

938.     1842.    Milhot  de  Vemoux,  H. — R<$v6lation  de  la  pens^  secrete  sur  1' Alger, 
Dialogue  entro  Timon  et  un  colon  du  Nord  de  TAfrique.    Paris :  18mo,  pp.  44. 

•938.  1642.  H^ricart  de  Thury,  Viscomte  L.  B.  P. — Rapport  sur  lo  'Projet 
de  Colcnisation  de  TAlgdrie,  ou  des  fermes  au  Petit  Atlas,'  de  PAbbd  Landmann, 
Curd  de  Constantine.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  44. 

840.  X  642.  S^batault. — ^Notes  sur  la  colonisation  du  Saliel  et  de  la  Mitidja,  par 
un  colon  propridtaire.    Marseille :  12mo,  pp.  22. 

941.    X€42.    XTrtis,  Avocat. — Opinions  dmises  devant  la  Commission  de  colo- 

niaation  de  I'Algdrie;  i  la  stance  du  12  mars  1842.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  39. 
842. 


Opinions  sur  la  cr&tion  d'un  Directeur  de  la  Police  li  Alger.    Alger : 

12mo. 

843.  X842.  Pouton  d'Am^court,  L.  M.  de. — Quelques  notes  sur  I'dtat  de  la 
justice  en  Algdrie,  depuis  1834,  jusqu'^  ce  jour,  et  sur  la  n^cessit^S  d'y  apporter 
des  QdcKiifications  esaentielles,  suivi  d'un  projet  d'organisation  judiciaire.  Nancy  : 
8vo :     pp.  X.  and  106. 

844.  X^2.  Hauser. — \Yer  veranlasste  die  Berufung  der  Vandalen  nach  Africa. 
Dorpa,t:  4to. 

845.  X642.  Feline,  Adrien. — De  I'Algdrie  et  des  moyens  d'assurer  son  avenir. 
Alger,  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  84. 

848.  X842.  Bugeaud,  O^n^ral,  (Jouverneur-g^n^ral  de  I'Algdrie. — L'Algdrie. 
Bes  xnoyens  de  conserver  et  d'utiliser  cette  conquete.    Marseille :  8vo,  pp.  125. 

He  insists  on  the  necessity  for  80,000  troops  in  the  colony,  and  a  system  of 
niilitary  colonisation  and  government. 

847.  1842.  Duvivier,  G^n^ral  Pp.  Pleurus. — Quatorze  observations  sur  le 
dernier  m^moire  du  Gdn^ral  Bugeaud.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  142. 

®^' Observations  sur  le  discours  de  M.  Thiers.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  36. 

*^'    • Observations  sur  les  ports  de  I'Alg^rie.    Paris. 

^'  1842.  Bozey,  A.  C. — Esquisse  rapide  et  historique  sur  TAlgerie  depuis 
1830  et  sur  la  direction  qu'y  donne  le  G^^ndral  Bugeaud.  Qaelques  observations 
s^  les  attaques  dirig^s  contre  la  propri^td  et  contre  les  colons.  Mesures  k 
adopter  pour  aider  la  colonisation.    Marseille :  8vo,  pp.  80. — See  also  No.  841. 

^51.  Ie42  ?  De  la  Colonisation  de  1' Alg6rie.  Without  signature,  but  by 
^^lial  Bugeaud.    pp.80. 

852.  18429  Oouvemement  de  M.  le  Marshal  due  d'Isly  en  Algdrie.  Ses 
Circulaires.    12mo,  pp.  19. 

^^'  1842.  BafTeneau-Belile. — Observations  sur  la  question  du  Port  d' Alger. 
^^^  :  4to,  pp.  24. 

®°7    1842.    Pascal,  Adrien. — Bulletin  de  I'arm^  d' Afrique,  avec  des  notes 
*^^*toriques  et  biographiques  sur  chaque  officier  sup^rieur  et  un  pr^is  des  actions 


de 


SUerre  des  regiments  nornm^  dans  les  bulletins.    Paris :  2  voL  8vo. 


3L10GRAI-HV  f)¥  ALGLEIA. 


196 

966.  1842.    Orleans,  Due  d". — Vie  militaire,  politique  et  priT^  du  .  .  .  snc 

notes  hi£torii[UfsaurlescamiiigneBd'Arrique,  ridiges  par  le  Prince,  par  A. PaBCil. 

Paris:  evo,  porlriiit  iiuil  foc-siinile. 
666.    1842.    FlBquet,  Hoo.  J.  Pierre,    nRtivo  of  Montjiellier. — Histokt 

I'Algiirie  depuis  Ipb  ttrops  aneienB  jiisqu'il  nos  jours.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  412, 
Work  comnienwd,  liut  never  finisLed.    Maoy  illustrations. 
957,     1842.    Buret,  Ant.  Eugfine.— Question  d'Afrique,  de  la  double  conqtil 

de  rAlgdrie  jKir  la  giicrre  et  la   coloniBation,   suivie   d'lin   cxamen  critique  dii 

-^(.uverupmtnl,  fire.     Paris :  Svo,  pp.  306. 
858.     1842.     Mannert,  Konrftd.-^Geographie  ancienne  des  dtatB  barWenqiies, 

D'upres  rAUemund  par  L.  Marcus  et  F.  Dviesberg,  avec  deB  additions  et  des  nolej- 

jw  L.  Marcus.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  803. 
850.    1842.    St.  llaro  Glrardin.— L'Afrique  sous  St.  Augustio. 
Two  articles  ia  tbe  Ileviie  dea  deux  Moudcfl. 

660.     1642.    liApSne,    Lisut.-ColoneL — Tableau    historique    de    la    provioci' 

d'Oran,  depuis  le  depart  des  Espagnola  en  1792,  jusqu'i  ri'lfration  d'Abd-et- 
Ivader  en  1831.    Melz :  8vo,  pp.  52.  "^ 

861.  1842.     Vincent,  B.— £tndcs  sur  In  loi  Musulnianne.     Li^gialation  o 
nHllo,     Paris :  8vo, 

862.  1842.  Xioblemc  de  Pr^bola,  Capitaine  Fran9oi8. — ^L'Algf'rie  prise  an 
w^rleus,     Alger;  Svo,  pp.  It3. 

863.  1842.  Aoiaury,  A.,  Avocat. — Colonisation  de  I'Algcrie.  Obeerratiocs 
]iar  appeodice  eC  h  r»ppui  d'un  plaa  d'l^tablissement  ai  Algorie  de  coloniea 
ngricoles,  etc.     Paris :  Svo,  pp.  lf>. 

964.  1842,  Ibn  KhaHihan. — Bii^rapbical  Dictionary,  traDBlittcd  ftom  the 
Arabic  by  DB,SlBnc.    London:  4  vol.  4to,  1842-71. 

Contains  tbe  lives  of  distinguiabed  Mobaniniedans  from  tbe  Hcgira  till  tbc 
13th  century.     De  Slane  also  published  a  French  tr.mslation.     A  Latin  o 
waa  published  by  WUstenfeld  at  GUttingen  lu  1835-68.- 
wotk  in  tbc  DcTue  des  deux  Mondes,  ISth  Sept.,  1842. 

865,     1842.    Dnmont.M,X— Guide  de  la  lecture  des  mnnuEcritsarabas.  j 
Svo, 

see.  1842.  Marion,  A.,  Juge  an  siege  de  Bune.  Lettre  (dated  1st  Aiigtisl,  1841)' 
Bur  la  constitution  de  la  propriiili^  en  Algfrie.  Adressoe  i  A.  M.  Enfantin, 
Menibre  de  la  CoiiimissioD  Scienlifique  dc  I'Algdrie.     Alger :  8to,  pp.  S3. 

The  question  which  tbe  author  attempts  to  nettle  is,  "Quel  est  I'iStat  dc  la 
propriiStS  immobiliSre  en  AlgiVJe  et  la  nature  deaa  constitution?" 

967.  1842.  FeUlBBier,  E.— Lettre  &  M.  Marion,  Juge  an  si^e  de  B6ne,  snr  t» 
constitution  de  la  propritfliS  en  Alpfric.    Alger;  12mo,  pp.  11. 

This  is  iu  reply  to  a  comrouni cation  the  I.itter  had  addressoil  to  M.  Enfantin 
on  the  same  svibjoct. 

968.  1842,  Wonaa,  Dr.  M. — De  la  constittition  territorinle  des  pays  Massul- 
lusne.  Paris :  8vo,  pp  55.  Originally  published  In  tbe  Revue  de  L^islation  el 
de  Jnrispruiience,  I.  xv. 

eesa.    1842,     nour  de  St.  Oenia.— Littrc  Ik  M,  le  directenr  de  la  Bevue  Aa 
lA^B.  et  de  Jurispr.  en  ro[-onse  1  Jl.  Worms  sur  laconHtitutionlcrritorialedon 
Alger:  Svo. 


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J 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  197 

1842.  Frangois  da  Coroelle,  D^put6  de  TOme. — Opinion  sur  les  cr^its 
supplementaires  et  extraordinaires  de  1841-42.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  19.  From  the 
Moniteur  Universel,  5th  April. 

^70.  1842.  Bastard,  [J.  H.— Stances  sur  la  mort  de  S.A.R.  le  Due  d'0rl6ans, 
Prince  Royal.    Alger :  12mo,  pp.  20,  with  a  portrait. 

Half  the  book  is  taken  up  with  notes,  containing  an  ode  by  the  author  on 
the  prince's  arrival  in  Algeria ;  the  scheme  for  erecting  a  statue  to  him  on  his 
departure ;  and  a  funeral  service  in  his  honour. 

871.  1842.  Keppely  the  Hon.  and  Bev.  Thomas. — The  Life  of  Augustus 
Viscount  Eeppel,  Admiral  of  the  White  and  First  Lord  of  the  Admiralty  in 
1782-3.    London  :  2  vol.  8vo,  pp.  445  and  438. 

Vol.  i.  chapter  v.  gives  an  account  of  his  embassy  to  the  States  of  Barbary. 
He  took  Joshua  Reynolds  (then  a  youth)  with  him.  He  anchored  in  the  Bay 
of  Algiers  29th  June,  1749.  In  his  interview  with  the  Dey  on  a  subsequent 
visit  the  latter  objected  to  the  youth  of  the  ambassador  (twenty-four)  as  an 
indignity.  "  Had  my  master  considered  wisdom  was  measured  by  length  of 
beard  he'd  have  sent  you  a  he-goat,"  replied  Keppel.  A  treaty  was  concluded 
in  June  1751,  after  long  negotiation. 

1842.  Buckingham,  H.  A. — ^A  New  Source  of  Trade.  Merch.  Mag.  and 
Ck)mnL  Rev.  New  York,  vol.  vi.  pp.  28-37. 

Art.  iiL  is  on  New  Sources  of  Trade,  No.  1,  The  Barbary  States. 

1842.    Algeria.    Dubl.  Univ.  Review,  vol.  xiii.  pp.  1-13. 
This  is  chiefly  founded  on  Baron  Baude's  work  *  L'Algdrie.' — See  No.  896. 

74.  1842.  Soott,  Colonel,  K.SJE*.,  K.C. — A  Journal  of  a  residence  in  the 
Esmailla  of  Abd-el-Eader,  and  of  travels  in  Morocco  and  Algiers.  London :  8vo, 
pp.  264. 

1842.  Bosen,  Q.  von. — Bilder  aus  Algier  und  der  Fremdenlegion.  Kiel : 
12mo. 

1842.    Kurze  Gtoschichte  und  Beschreibung  von  Algericn.    Strasbourg  : 
12mo. 

1843.  Carcelle,  Francois  de,  D^put^  de  I'Ome. — Opinion  dans  la  discus- 
sion du  projet  de  loi  relatif  aux  credits  demand^  pour  le  service  de  TAlg^rie. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  11.    Reprinted  from  the  Moniteur  Universel. 

He  gives  a  sketch  of  the  condition  of  the  colony  and  of  the  operations  of 
Mar^chal  Bugeaud  during  the  past  two  years. 

1843  ?  De  la  Strat^e,  de  la  Tactique,  des  Retraits,  et  du  passage  dos 
d^fil^  dans  les  Montagues  des  Kabyles.  Anon.,  without  date.  Alger:  8vo, 
pp.  16. 

1843.  Annonc^  d*un  ouvrage  sur  les  m^illes  de  Tancienne  Afrique  par 
MM.  Falbe  et  Lindberg,  avec  un  aper^u  des  d^couvertes  de  M.  Lindberg  dans  la 
numismatique  de  Carthage,  de  la  Numidie,  et  de  Mauritanie.  Kopenhague  :  8vo, 
pp.20. 

^^9.  1843.  Foissonier,  Alfred. — Souvenirs  d'Afrique.  Observations  gdn^ralcs 
sur  la  colonic  d'Afrique ;  causes  d'instabilite ;  resultats  k  obtenir  par  le  systeme  du 
G^n^ral  Bugeaud.    Poitiers :  8vo,  pp.  251. 

The  author  is  a  partisan  of  war  without  mercy,  and  complete  occupation. 

880.    1843.    Clansolles. — L'Alg^rie  pittoresque  depuis  les  temps  les  plus  reculds 
jusqu'^  nos  jours.    Toulouse :  4to. 

A  popular  work,  of  no  particular  merit. 


f 


198  A  BIBUOGRAPIIY  OF  ALGERIA. 

981.    1813.    Iiafoye,  Uon.— Question  d'.il'rique  au  'mois  de  dtoeinbra  i843L 

Paris:  8 vo,  pp.  123. 

The  wiiter  is  a  narm  admirer  of  Marfchal  Bugeaud.      He  advocates  Uu 
entire  subjugatioa  of  Algeria  and  itB  colonifiation  by  muthoda  portly  civil,  parij^H 
military.  ^^| 

882.    1S43.    Aper^u  biatorique  Bur  I'^t  d'Alger.    8vu.  ^^t 

BBS.  IS-IS.  Beaumont,  Ouatave  de,  t)6put^. — Etnt  dc  la  question  d'  Afriqiw. 
EiSpoQee  il  la  brocliuro  du  M.  le  Gun.  Bugeaud,  intitulee  '  L'Algi5rie.'  Paris :  8to. 
— Sei;  No.  94G. 
B81.  lB-13.  Berbrugger,  A. — AJg^rie  bistorique,  pittoreaque  et  moniitneotale. 
Itecucil  de  vues,  mouunienta,  c^rf-monies,  casUimes,  annes,  portraits,  &c.  Parig_: 
3  alLuniB  in  folio. 

— Pri^eis  de  ITiistoire  do  I'AlgOrie  de 

986.     1643.     Snfantin,  Bartb.  Froeper,  commonly  called  Le  Fire  Enf&nij 

ColoniBatiou  ilc  TAIgdrie.    Paris;  8vo,  pp.  526, 
887.     1843.    Aboul-Hassan.     Aniaul-Mutrib,  Ac,  Anaulus  regum  JIauiilaniie. 
Ed,  Tuml^rg.    Arabics  et  Latine.     tJiiaalin! :  2  vol.  4to. 

988.  1643.    Hardy,  A.,  Directaur  do  !a  Pdpiaifere  ccotrale. — Bapport  s 
t'ducation  de  vera-il-soie.     Alget:  12mo,  pp.  12. 

989.  1843.    Maeaelot,  J.— Ville  et  rade  de  Bougie.— See  also  No.  2985. 

990.    Coup  d'ceil  rapido  hut  Bougie  par  un  adminUtreteur  qui  a  i 

longt£mi)s  en  Afrique.     8^0,  pp.  59. 

991.  1643.    Ittartiii,  L.— Mgr.  I'C-vSqiiB  d'Alger    ou   ocLange 
franjais  et  arabes.     Grenoble;  8to,  pp.  24  (verse). 

992.  1643.    Abinal.— Belatiou  de  I'attaque  et  de  la  di^funsc  ile  Mostagaoeni 
Mazagmti.    Paris ;  8vo. 

993.  1843.  Coup  d'ceil  sur  Vadmini  strati  on  fran^aise  dans  la  provtuco  i 
Couatantine,  [lar  va  Coiiatantiiiii'c,     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  55. 

094.  1843.  Notice  but  I'expddition  qui  a'est  (erminije  par  la  prise  de  la 
Smala  d'Al>d-e!-Kader,  le  IC  mai  1843.  Paris :  Svo,  pp.  19,  luQp  and  two 
illuatrationa. 

This  Smala  vroa  a  sort  of  movable  capital,  the  d6bris  of  the  Emir's  powa; 
it  was  ca[)tured  by  tlie  Due  d'Aumale.  A  splendid  picture  of  the  captun;,  by 
Horace  Vernet,  ia  at  Versailles. 

996.    RenBeignementa  hiatoriqnes  sur  la  Zmala  d'Abd-el-Kadur  tombte 

nu  pouToir  da  S.A.R.  le   Due  d'Aumale  dans  la  ghazia  cx&ut£e  le  16  mai  & 
TaguiTic.     Paris ;  8to,  pp.  16,  with  plan. 


1S8^^ 


990.    1843.     Cerfbeer,  A.,  de  Medelahaim.— Combat  d'Ain-Tognu 
Smala  d'Abd-el-Eadcr.     Piece  de  vera  dedie'c  au  Due  d'AumnIe. 


997,  1843.  Van  der  Bruoh,  Em.  Louia.— Le  Gamin  d'Alger  j  im 
reflectiona,  admi  ration  a  et  sufTocattOQ  de  voyage  dc  Joseph  Meunier. 
2  vol.  12UIO,  pp.  333  and  353. 

988.    1843.    Champey,  P.— iloro  de  rAlg^ric,  classfe 
Juseieu,  modifi£  par  A.  Richard.    Paris :  folio,  pp.  16,  40  coloured  plates. 


i L 


J 

Paris: 

la  methodSM^^I 
plates.        ^^^^ 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OK  ALGERIA.  199 

1843.    Obert. — Aper^u  gdn^ral  sur  la  colonisation  de  TAJgdrio  pour  servir 
^^  base  k  Torganisation  du  trayail.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  40. 

The  writer  was  agent-general  of  a  company  for  the  colonisation  of  Algeria. 

lOOO.     1843.    De  la  Colonisation  en  Afriquo.   Far  iin  Faysan  du  Danube.  Paris : 
1  ^mo,  pp.  16. 

lOOX.     1843.    Vatout,  D6put6  de  la  C6te-d'0r.— Rapport  sur  lea 'credits  extra- 
(>r«3.inaires  pour  I'Algdrie,  s^nce  13  mai  1843.    Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  28. 

This  gives  an  account  of  the  condition  of  the  colony  at  the  time  and  of  the 
intentions  of  the  Government  for  the  future. 

IQCyS-  1843.  Boi^ean,  Ii.  B. — Avocat  aux  conseils  du  Koi  ^  la  Cour  de  Cassation. 
L«'*iiicoii8titutionalit^  do  la  juridiction  militairc  en  Algdrie  a  regard  des  citoyens 
irajcifais  non-militaires.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

10O8.    1843.    Boehe,  Cbarlee,  Acte  de  repentance  de;   ou  Reponse  au  Pot- 
pourri de  M.  A.  liesauceuez.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  11. 

^^^Oi,    1843.    Simounet,  P. — Importation  de  la  cochinille  ^  Alger.    Alger :  8x0, 
PP- 16. 

^006,  1843.  Henrichs,  P. — Guide  du  colon  et  de  Touvrier  en  Algdrie.  Indi- 
9Q^fc  lessiiret6s,  garantics  et  ressourccs  assur^  aux  colons,  &c.  Paris:  18mo, 
PP'  lOO. 

^W.      X843.    Bobe,  Eugene,   Avocat. — Essai  sur  Thistoire  de  la  propri6t6  en 
^^r±G,    Bone :  8vo,  pp.  48. 

1007.  1843.    Duvivier,  G^ndraL — Reponse  k  Texamen  public  par  M.  le  Docteur 
Guyoxi,  sur  les  Quatorze  observations  (No.  947).    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  38. 

1008.  X843.    Eevue  de  rOrient.    BulL  de  la  Soci^t^  Orientale.    Fond^i  Paris 
1841.       Constitute  1842.    8vo.    The  first  vol  has  no  reference  to  Algeria. 

1009.      1843.    Botalier,  Vicomte  Ch.  de. — Exp^tions  des  Fran^aia  centre  Alger 

sDTiB  le  R^e  de  Louis  XIV.  I.  Groisidres  du  due  de  Beaufort  centre  les  Algeriens. 

Vnae  et  dvacuation  de  Gigel  (1664-1670).    II.  L'amiral  Duquesne  et  le  Chevalier 

"Ben^^d— Galiotes  ^  bombes— Expedition  centre  Alger— Bombardement  (1681-2) 

111.  Second  bombardement  d'Alger  (1683).    IV.  Mardchal  d'Estr^ea— Troisi^me 

bombardement  d'Alger— Paix  avcc  Alger  (1685-1690).    Rev.  de  I'Orient,  vol.  ii. 

pp.  204-22. 

1010.  1843,  Musulmans  de  TAlg^rie  depuis  la  domination  fran9aise.  Extraits 
^  documents  recueillis  par  le  Ministre  de  la  Guerre.    1.  c,  pp.  262-76. 

^^ll»  1843.  Ansone  de  Chanoel. — Po^ie  arabe.  Paroles  de  Sid'  Abd-el-Kader 
^  Mazouny  sur  la  prise  et  I'occupation  d'Alger  par  les  Fran9ai8.  Traduction 
kt£[^^  en  vers  francais.    1.  c,  pp.  284-6.] 

*^    1844.    Ferier,  J.  K".— De  I'infection  pallustre  en  Algerie.    Paris:  8vo, 
PP-  2i,    From  the  Journal  de  McSdecine. 

J.  '    1844.    Ordonnanoe  Boyale  du  1**  octobre,  sur  la  Propridt6  en  Algdrie. 
^^^Pttblished  at  Algiers.    4to,  pp.  12. 

iOl4       ^ 

w    ^  1.844.    Bozey. — Mdmou^  de  la  Socidtd  Goloniale  et  des  colons  d'Alger,  si 
^^exirs  les  President  et  Membres  du  Conseil  d'dtat  k  Paris,  signalant  les  iniques 
^^^  principes  dmis  dans  le  Bapport  fait  ^  M.  le  Ministre  de  la  Guerre  relative- 
^^  au  projctd'ordonnance  sur  la  propridtd  en  Algdrie.     Versaille :  4to,  pp.  29. 

*     1844.    Belly,    Alexis. — ^Isly :    au  Mardchal  Bugeaud.     Podme.    Alger : 


i 


200  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

lOie.    1844.    Berard,  Victor.— La  Bataille  d'Isly.   Podme.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  28. 

1017.  1844.  Maa-Iiatrie,  Jacques  Marie  Joseph.— Apergu  des  relations  com- 
merciales  de  Tltalie  sept,  au  moyen-ftge. — See  Tableau  de  la  Situation  des  ^tablissc- 
ments  fran9ais  en  Alg^rie  en  1843-4. 

1018.  1844.  Galibert,  Jj^n. — Histoire  de  I'Alg^rie  ancienne  et  modeme,depmt^ 
les  premiers  ^tablissements  des  Garthaginois,  &c.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  636,  many  maps 
and  illustrations. 

1019.  1844.  Hodgson,  W.  B.,  late  U.S.  Consul  at  Tunis.— Notes  on  Northern 
Africa,  the  Sahara  and  the  Soudan.    New  York  :  8vo,  pp.  107. 

This  work  contains  a  bibliography  of  works  on  the  Berbers  and  their  dialects* 

1020.  1844.  Marcel,  J.  J.,  Attach^  ^  la  Commission  Sdentifique  dlilgypte. — 
Numismatique  orientale.  Tableau  g^ndral  des  Monnaies  ayant  cours  en  Alg^rie. 
Paris:  8vo. 

1021.  1844.  B^glements  donn^  par  I'Emir  Abd-el-EZader  ^  ses  troupes  r^- 
litres,  traduits  jmr  Bossetty,  Interprete  de  I'arni^.  From  the  Spectateur  Mili- 
taire,  Feb.  1844,  p.  589. 

1022.  1844.  Momand,  F^lix. — ^Episodes  et  souvenirs  de  TAlgdrie.  Publidied 
in  the  Eevue  de  Paris. 

1028.  1844.  Foplimont. — Le  sequin  de  Juif ;  aventures  d'un  Beige  en  Alg^rie. 
2nd  edition.     Gand :  2  voL  12mo. 

1024.  1844.    Veuillot,  Jjouis. — Les Fran9ais en Algdrie.  Souvenirs.  Tours:  Svo.. 
The  author  travelled  in  Algeria  in  1842  with  the  Mar^cbal  Bugeaud. 

1025.  1844.  Brosselard,  Cliarles,  and  others. — ^Dictionnaire  Fran9ais-Berb^re, 
dialecte  ^crit  et  parl^  par  les  KabaTlcs  de  la  Division  d'Alger.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  656. 
H^g^  par  la  Commission  Minist^rielle. 

This  chiefly  deals  with  the  dialect  of  Bougie. 

1026.  1844.  Iieblanc  de  Fr^bois,  Fran9ois. — Les  ddpartements  Alg^riens. 
Paris,  Alger :  8vo,  pp.  188,  map. 

The  writer  pleads  for  the  assimilation  of  Algeria  to  France. 

1027.  1844.  [Blondel,  L^on.]— Aperyu  sur  T^tat  actuel  de  TAlgdrie :  lettres 
d'unvoyageur  ^  son  fr^re.    Alger:  8vo,  2  parts,  pp.  75  and  21. 

1028.  1844.    T7rq\ihart,  David. — The  French  in  Africa,  &c.    London :  Svo. 

1029.  1844.  Strabo. — Strabonis  Rerum  Gcographicanun  Libri  XVII.  Gr.  et 
Lat.    Oxonii :  2  vol.  folio. 

An  English  edition  of  Strabo  was  published  by  H.  G.  Bohn  in  1854-7,. 
translated  by  H.  C.  Hamilton  and  W.  Falconer.    3  vol.  12mo. 

1080.  1844.  Blofield,  J.  H. — Algeria,  Past  and  Present,  containing  a  description 
of  the  coimtry, . . .  with  a  review  of  its  history,  from  notes  made  during  a  visit  in 
1843.    London:  8vo. 

1081.  1844.  Faradis,  Venture  de. — Grammaire  et  Dictionnaire  abr^g^s  de  la 
langue  bcrb^re ;  revue  par  P.  A.  Jaubert.    Paris  :  4to. 

1082.  1844.  Trolliet,  Dr.  L.  F. — Statistique  m^dicale  de  la  province  d'Alger. 
Lyon  et  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  160. 

1088.  1844.  Champy,  F. — Flore  Alg^rienne,  avec  texte  descriptif  des  plantes, 
arbustes  et  arbres  indigbnes.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  64. 

1084.  1844.  M.  Franque,  Alfred.— Lois  annot^s  de  I'Alg^rie,  du  5  juillet 
1830  (occupation  d'Alger)  au  1*®'  Janvier  1841.    Paris :  4  parts,  8vo. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  201 

1035.  1844-5.  Carette,  Ant.  Em.  Hipp.,  et  Dr.  Wander. — Notice  8ur  la 
(Uvision  territoriale  de  TAlg^rie.    Situatioo  des  ^tablissements  fran9ais,  1844-5. 

CJontinuation  of  a  '  Notice  sur  rancienne  Province  de  Titteri,'  by  M.  Urbain. 

1036.  1844.  QuetdiL — Guide  en  orient.  Itin<Sraire  scientifique,  artistique  et  pit- 
toresque.    Paris :  12mo,  map. 

This  contains  a  description  of  Algeria. 

1087.  1844.  Manroy,  P. — Question  d'Alger  en  1844 :  pr&^^e  d'on  pr^s  de  la 
domination  romaine  dans  le  nord  d*Afrique,  suivie  d^un  appendice  sur  le  com- 
merce de  I'Algdrie  avec  I'Afrique  centrale,  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  76 ;  2nd  edition,  1844^ 
pp.  84 ;  3rd  edition,  pp.  75. 

1038.  1844.  Sablon,  J.  B. — De  la  race  Gbevaline  en  Alg^rie  et  des  moyens  dc 
Taccroftre  et  de  Tam^liorer.    Paris :  Svo,  pp.  48. 

1089.  1844.  Carette,  Ant.  £r.  Hipp.,  Capitaine  de  Gdnie. — ^Kechercbcs  sur  la 
gcographie  et  le  commerce  de  I'Alg^rie  m^ridionale.  Ezplor.  scient.  de  TAlg^rie. 
Sairies  d'une  notice  geographique  sur  une  partie  dc  I'Afrique  septentrionale  par 
XL  Benou.    Paris :  4tOy  pp.  355. 

1040.    £tude  des  routes  suivies  par  les  Arabes  dans  la  partie  mdridionale  de 

TAlg^rie  et  de  la  R^gence  de  Tunis.    Explor.  Scientifique  de  TAlg^rie,    Paris : 
8vo,  pp.  324,  witb  map. 

A  careful  work,  but  witb  some  inaccuracies. 

1041.    Du  commerce  de  PAlg^rie  avec  TAfriqne  centrale  et  les  ^tats  bar- 

baresqnes.    Espouse  ^  la  note  de  M.  Jules  de  Lasteyrie  sur  le  commerce  du  Soudan. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  38,  with  a  map  of  N. W.  Africa. 

1042.  1844.  Delaport,  J.  Hon. — ^Principes  de  Tidiome  arabe  en  usage  ^  Alger. 
Paris:  8vo. 

1048.  1844.  Diotionnaire  fran9ais-berb^re  (dialecte  ^crit  et  parl6  par  les  Kabailes 
de  la  division  d'Alger),  ouvr.  compose  par  ordre  de  M.  le  Ministre  de  la  Guerre.^ 
Paris:  4to. 

1043a.  1844.  Decker,  C.  V.,  Major-General."  —  Algerien  und  die  dortigo 
Kriegfuhrung.    Berlin  :  2  vol.  8vo,  pp.  408  and  316,  4  maps. 

1044.  1844.  Dngat,  Henri. — ^Des  condamnds,  des  libercs  et  des  pauvres.  Prisons, 
et  champs  d'asile  en  Algdrie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  96. 

1045.  1844.  Fellissier,  B. — ^Mtooires  historiques  etgdographiques  sur  TAlgdrie. 
Explor.  Scientif.  de  TAlgdrie.    Paris :  4to,  pp.  433. 

A  most  valuable  collection  of  documents  on  the  early  history  of  Algeria. 

1040.  1844.  Bache,  Paul  Engine. — Kamara.  Conte  barbaresque  en  plusieurs 
chants  et  en  vers.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  78. 

1047.  1844.    Defidobert,  A.— L'Algdrie  en  1844.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  164. 
Published  on  the  occasion  of  a  demand  for  15,000  men  to  reinforce  the  army 

•  of  Africa.    The  writer  was  a  persistent  adversary  of  Algeria. 

1048.  1844.  Berbrugger,  A. — Campagnes  du  26'*^  du  ligne  en  Algdrie  de  1837 
d  1844.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  52. 

1048.    Le  48*«°«  du  ligne  en  Afriquo  en  1830,  et  de  1837  a  1844.    Alger : 

8ro,  pp.  67. 

1060.  1844.  Dupuch,  Mgr.  Antoine  Adolphe. — ^Mandement  an  clerge  et  aux 
fiddles  de  son  dioc^.    Alger :  4to,  pp.  10. 

An  invitation  to  attend  a  To  Deum  in  commemoration  of  the  battle  of  Isly. 


202  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

1051.  1844.  Flasse,  A. — B^flexions,  considerations  et  pens^  diverees  sor  les 
trois  Religions,  Ic  Ghristianisme,  le  Judaisme  et  rislamisme.    Alger :  Svo,  pp.  53. 

1052.  1844.  Marey,  G^ndral. — Exp6dition  de  Laghouat,  dirig^  anx  mois  de 
mai  et  juin  1844.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  72. 

See  also  Revue  de  rOrient,  1845,  t  vi.  pp.  37-67,  for  extracts  of  this 
work,  under  the  title  of  '  Les  Ksars  du  Sahara,'  with  topographical  tables  and  a 
map  of  the  district  between  Medea  and  Laghouat.  To  this  is  added  a  transla- 
tion of  certain  passages  of  a  curious  work  written  100  years  previously  by  a 
Marabout  of  the  place,  predicting  that  Algiers  would  become  a  great  European 
city  and  would  send  such  an  expedition  to  Laghouat.    A  most  valuable  paper. 

1058.    Histoire  des  Zenakras.    Rev.  do  TOrient.,  t  iiL  pp.  368-72. 

1054.  1844.  Estry,  Stephen  d'. — Histoire  dAlger,  de  son  territoire,  de  ses 
habitants,  de  ses  pirateries,  de  son  commerce,  de  ses  guerres,  de  ses  moeurs  et  de 
ses  usages,  depuis  les  temps  les  plus  reculcs  jusqu'^  nos  jours.  Dddiee  k  Mgn 
Dupuch,  l5v^ue  d'Algcr.     Bruxelles :  2  vol.  8vo. 

1055.  1844.  Rameau,  £.,  and  Ii.  Binel. — ^Apercu  sur  la  culture  et  la  colonisa- 
tion de  TAlgdrie,  suivi  d*un  plan  d'etablisscment  agrioole.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  184. 

1056.  1844.  Benou,  E. — Recherches  sur  la  gdographie  et  Ic  commerce  de  I'Alg^e 
m6ridionale.     Explor.  Scientif.  de  TAlgdrie.    Paris :  8vo. 

1057.  1844.  Sibour,  TAbb^,  afterwards  Archbishop  of  Paris. — ^tude^sur 
TAfrique  chr6tienne.     iStat  de  TAfrique  avant  les  Vandales.     Digne :  8va 

1058.    Lettres  sur  la  translation  il  Hippone  de  la  relique  de  Saint  Angostin. 

Paris :  n.d.  8vo. 

1059.  1844.  Yanoski,  Jean,  Professor  at  Paris. — L'Afrique  chretienne  et  la 
domination  des  Vandales  en  Afrique.     Paris :  8vo.    Univers  pittoixisque. 

1060.  1844.  Montgravier,  Az.  de. — Tumulus  de  Lachdar  (Province  d*Oran). 
8vo. 

1061.  1844.    Bngeaud,    le  .Mardchal.— ^pport  sur  les  moyens  d'affermir  et 

d'utiliser  la  conquSte  de  TAlgdrie.     Alger :  8vo,  26  pp.,  autographic. 

1062.    ExposiS  de  I'dtat  actual  de  la  socicSte  arabe,  du  gouvemement  et 

de  la  legislation  qui  la  r^git    Alger :  8vo. 

1068.    Rapport  du  17  aoftt  sur  la  prise  de  la  Smala  d'xVbd-el-Kader. 

Published  in  several  of  the  journals  and  periodicals  of  the  time. 

1064.  1844.  Nodier,  Charles. — Journal  de  rexp<5dition  des  Portes-de-Fer, 
redigd  sur  les  notes  du  due  d'Orleans.    Paris :  8vo. 

1065.  1844.  Drouet  d'Brlon,  Comte,  Mardchal  de  France. — Autobipgrapbie. 
Paris:  8vo. 

He  was  Governor-General  of  Algeria  in  1834,  and  introduced  the  Bureaux 
Arabes.  His  moderation  towards  the  Arahs  caused  his  recall  in  the  following 
year. 

1066.  1844.  Bodichon,  Dr.  B. — ^Tableau  synoptique  representant  les  noma,  lea 
Emigrations,  les  filiations,  Toriginc,  les  caractdrcs  physiques  et  moraux  des  races 
de  TAfrique  septentrionale.    Nantes :  folio. 

1067.  1844.  Boixjean,  Avocat  k  la  CJour  de  Cassation. — Des  pouvoirs  du  conseil 
d*administration  ^tabli  aupres  du  gouvemeur  gdndral  de  TAlgdrie  en  oe  qai 
conceme  La  mise  en  jugement  des  fonctionnaires  admiuistratifs.  Extndt  d'nn 
plaidoyer.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  32. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGEHIA.  20^ 

lO0se.     1844.    Foirel,  Jaoq.  Franc,  Avocat  general  de  la  Cour  de  Nancy. — De 
\SL  deportation  et  de  la  colonisatioii  p^nale  de  TAlgdrie.    Paris:  12mo,  pp.  20. 

\O0&'  1844  ?  Bouvier,  Commissairo  colonial  charg6  des  Haras. — Agriculture ; 
Bapport  Bur  Tagriculturc,  les  Haras,  les  courses  de  chevaux,  les  remontes 
xnilitaires,  &c.    Blidah :  8yo,  pp.  81. 

lOYO.  1844.  Chrestey,  Chef  d'escadron. — Consideratious  gen<!»rales  sur  la  Ca  valeric 
d'Aftique.  I.  Partie ;  un  mot  de  v6rit6  sur  la  cavalerie  indigene,  11.  Partie ; 
des  Chasseurs  d'Afrique.  Importance  de  cette  cavalerie  d'elite.  Alger:  8vo, 
pp.  47. 

107X.  1844.  Hugo,  A. — Alg^rie.  Constitution  ancienne  et  modeme  de  la  pro- 
Tpfr\4t6  d'apr^  les  lois  et  les  id^cs  Musulmanes.  Extraits  de  documents  recueillis 
par  le  Ministre  de  la  Guerre.     Rev.  de  TOricnt,  t.  iii.  pp.  47-55. 

1072.  1844.  Loir-Montgazon. — Afrique  septentrionale — Wad-Reag — ^Tuggurt. 
L  c,  t.  iv.  pp.  76-82. 

10T3L    1844.    Organisation  des  Rdguliers  d'Ahd-el-Kader.    1.  c,  pp.  225  et  seq, 

1074.  1844.  J.  C. — Souvenirs  d'Alger  en  1841.  Extraits  du  journal  d'un  voyage 
en  Alg<5rie.    1.  c,  pp.  235-48. 

10T6.    1844.     Daumas,  B.— Les  Kabyles  de  TEst.    1.  c,  t.  v.  pp.  177-83. 

lOTO.  1844.  ITrbain,  IsmaeL — Les  Zibans — Oasis  du  Sahara  Algerien.  1.  c, 
t.  V.  pp.  31G-19. 

1077.  1844.  Ijourde,  J.  Thtoph.,  Pasteur  Protestant. — Le  Marabout  do  Blidah. 
Episode  de  la  Guerre  d'Alger,    Po^me.     Montauban :  8vo,  pp.  16. 

1078.  1844.  Expose  de  T^tat  actuel  de  la  aoc\6t6  arabe,  du  gouvemement  et  do 
^  l^slation  qui  la  regit.    Alger  :  8vo,  pp.  169. 

Published  anonymously,  attributed  to  Capitaine  de  Foiielon. 

1079.  1844.    De  Corcelle,  D6putd  de  TOme. — Opinion  de dans  la  discussion 

^^  pTOJet  de  loi  sur  les  cr^ts  relatifs  ^  TAlgdrie.     Chaml)re  des  Deputes,  seance 
S  juin.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  16.    Reprinted  from  the  ISIoniteur  L^uiversel. 

1078a.  1844.  Verfif6,  Ch. — De  la  ndcessit^  de  conserver  et  d'augmenter  le& 
troupes  dlnfanterie  indigene  en  Algerie,  &c.    Toul :  8vo. 

^OBO.    1844.    lie  Beschu,  Maximilien. — Culture  de  Tabac  en  Algerie.    Alger : 

Svo,  pp.  19. 
*^I,     1844.     Fortin  divry. — Orient  et  Occident.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  32.    From 
^e  Revue  de  I'Orient. 

This  is  a  comparison  between  Mohammedanism  and  Christianity,  and  their 
methods  of  action  on  the  world. 

1844.  lie  Nador,  Vigie  de  TAlgerie.    Revue  uuiverselle,  non-politique^ 
P^raissant  deux  fois  par  mois.    Alger :  8vo. 

This  had  a  very  short  existence. 

1845.  liOdentu,  A. — Pourquoi  TAlgdrie  a-t-elle  vi6  jusqu'ici  un  fardeau 
l^Ur  la  France  ?    Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  56. 

^^     1845.    Moll,  Louis. — Colonisation  et  agriculture  d' Algerie.    Paris :  2  vol. 

K    1845.    Barbier. — L'Union  agricole.    Socidte  civile  par  actions  pour  Tex- 
Woitation  d^nne  propri4t6  rurale  en  Afrique.    Lyon  :  8vo,  pp.  16. 

The  land  which  it  was  proposed  to  demand  was  from  Sou  Ismaiel  to  the 
Ohifia,  2600  hectares. 


204  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERU. 

1086.  1845.  Mauroy,  P. — Precis  de  Vhistoire  et  du  commeroe  des  peuples  de 
TAfrique  septentionale  dans  rantiquitd,  le  moyen-ftge  et  les  temps  modemes,  Ac 
Paris :  8vo.    2nd  ed.,  1846,  pp.  190. 

This  work  is  a  continuation  of  the  author's  *  Question  d' Alger  en  1844  * 
(No.  1037). 

1087.  1845.  Lap^ne,  Edouaxd,  Colonel  d'Artillerie. — ^Tableau  historique  de 
r Alg^rie  depuis  Toccupation  romaine  jusqu'^  la  oonquSte  par  les  Fran^ais  en  1830. 
Metz  :  8vo,  pp.  333. 

A  very  useful  work. 

1088.  1845.    Veuillot,  J*. — ^Les  Fran9ai8  en  Algdrie.    Tours :  8yo. 

1089.  1845.  Mas  Latrie,  da — Aper9U  des  relations  oommerciales  d'ltalie  lep- 
tcntrionale  avec  TAlgdrie  au  moyen-^ge.     Paris :  4to. — See  also  No.  1017. 

1090.  1845.  Subtil,  Eug. — Marche  des  caravanes  de  TAfrique  centrale ;  moyens 
i\  employer  pour  les  faire  arriver  en  Algerie.    Revue  de  FOrient,  t.  vi.  pp.  6-22. 

1091.  1845.  Gordon,  Lady  Duff.— The  French  in  Algiers.  I.  The  Soldier  of 
the  Foreign  Legion.  IL  The  Prisoners  of  Abd-el-Kader.  Translated  from  the 
German  and  French.     London :  8vo,  pp.  176. 

A  volume  of  Murray's  Home  and  Colonial  Lihrary. — ^See  also  For.  Quart. 
Rev.,  vol.  xxxvii.  p.  159.    Quart.  Rev.,  vol.  xcix.  p.  331. 

1092.  1845.    Sahara  Alg^rien.    La  Mer  Souterraine.    1.  c,  pp.  164-7. 

1098.  1845.  AMque  Fran9ai8e. — Des  diverses  races  qui  peuplent  I'Alg^e,  les 
Arabes  et  les  Kabayles.  (Extrait  d'un  travail  sign^  par  le  Marshal  Due  d'lsly). 
1.  c,  pp.  347-61.  Other  extracts  from  the  same :  '  Bases  de  Torganisation  fraD9ai8e.* 
*  Attribution  des  autorit^  arabes,'  1.  c,  t.  vii.  pp.  39-54.  *  Administration  de 
justice  aux  indigtines,'  1.  c,  pp.  140-8. 

1094.  1845.  La  Morici^re,  Lieut.-G^n^ral  Juchaut  de. — Note  sur  la  colo- 
nisation de  I'AlgcSrie.  Published  in  various  places,  amongst  others  in  the  Revue 
de  rOrient,  t.  vii.  pp.  156-61. 

1095.  1845.  Bugeaud,  lie  Mar^chal,  Due  dlsly.— RSponse.  An  answer  to 
the  foregoing.    1.  c,  pp.  161-4. 

1096.  1845.  Denis,  Alph. — Discours  prononce  par.  A  criticism  on  the  forgoing 
pronounced  in  the  Ckaraber  of  Deputies.     1.  c,  pp.  164-8. 

1096a.    1845.    Raa^sloff,  W.  de. — RUckblick  auf  die  militairischen  und  politiscben 

Vbrhiiltnisse  der  Algerie.    Altona  :  8vo,  7  plates. 

1097.  1845.  Landmann,  L*Abb6. — M^moire  au  roi  sur  la  colonisation  de 
I' Algerie.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  71. 

He  examines  the  systems  of  General  do  la  Morici^rc  and  of  the  Duo  d'Isly, 
"vvhich  ho  reproduces. 

1098.  1845.  Campbell,  Thomas  (the  Poet).— Letters  from  Algiers.  2nd  edition. 
London :  2  vol.  8vo,  pp.  354  and  358. 

1099.  1845.    Viro.— Uu  Touriste  en  Algerie.    Paris  :  12mo. 

1100.  1845.  Daumas,  Jos.  Eug. — Resided  as  Consul  with  Abd-el-Kader  at 
Mascara.    He  subsequently  became  General  of  Brigade  and  Director  of  Algerian 

'  Affairs  at  the  Ministry  of  War  at  Paris.    He  wrote : — 

Expos^  de  Tdtat  actuel  de  la  soci^td  arabe,  du  gouvemement  et  de  la'l^is- 
lation  qui  la  rdgit    Alger :  8vo. 

Also,  in  conjunction  with  Fabar :  Mocurs  et  coutumes  de  1' Algerie,  Tell, 
Kabylie  et  Sahara.    Paris :  12ma 

La  vie  et  la  society  Mussulmane.    Paris,  1869 :  8vo,  pp.  xv.  and  594* 


A  BIBUOGRAPHr  OF  ALGERIA.  205 

1101.  1845.    BatimaB,  Jos.  Eug. — Le  Sahara  Alg^rien.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  339. 
An  important  work,  published  by  the  Bureau  Central  des  Affaires  Arabes, 

under  the  direction  of  General  Daumas,  Extracts  from  it  are  given  in  the 
Revue  de  TOrient,  t  viii.  pp.  320-33 ;  Rev.  de  TOrient,  de  TAlg.  et  des  Colon., 
t  viiL  p.  286. 

1102.  1845.  BechercheB  sur  lliistoire  de  la  partie  de  TAfrique  septentrionalo 
connue  sous  le  nom  de  R^ence  d'Alger,  et  sur  Tadministration  et  la  colonisation 
•de  ce  pays  k  I'^poque  de  la  domination  romaine.  Par  une  commission  de  TAcad. 
Roy.  des  Inscrip.  et  Belles  Lettres.    Paris :  8vo. 

1108.    1845.    Audry,  Ii. — Un  touriste  en  Alg^rie.    Paris :  12mo. 

1104.  1845.  Besauoenez. — Biographic  complete  du  Marshal  Bugeaud.  From 
the  France  Alg^rienne.    Paris  :  8vo. 

1106.  1845.  Belation  de  la  Bataille  dlsly.  Suivie  du  rapport  de  M.  le 
Mar^chal  Gouvemeur  G^n^ral.    Alger :  18mo. 

1106.  1845.  Bugeaud,  lie  Mar^chal. — Relation  de  la  bataille  d'Isly.  Rev.  des 
deux  Mondes,  1st  March,  1845. 

1107.  1845.  Doouxnents  authentiques  r^igds  sur  le  champ  de  bataille  d'Isly. 
Enlevement  du  camp  imperial  maroccain,  Rapports,  &c.,  ^  M.  le  Colonel  Jusuf,  et 
an  Colonel  Tartas.    Marseille :  8vo,  pp.  16. 

1108.  1845.    De  Chancel,  A. — ^Le  Sahara  Alg^rien.    Paris :  8vo. 

1109.  1845.  Frescotty  W.  H. — History  of  the  reign  of  Ferdinand  and  Isabella 
the  Catholia    New  York :  3  vol.  pp.  411,  509,  and  531. 

VoL  iii.  chap.  xxi.  gives  an  account  of  Cardinal  Ximenes'  conquest  of  Oran. 

1110.  1845.  Duvivier,  G^n^ral  Francia  de  Fleurus. — Abolition  de  Tescla- 
vage,  Civilisation  du  centre  de  TAfrique.    8vo. 

1111.    Lettre  ^  M.  Desjobert  (Ddput^  de  la  Seine-Inf^rieurc)  sur  Tapplication 

de  Tarm^  aux  travaux  publics.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  3G. 

From  the  *  Spectateur  Militaire,'  July. 

1112.  1845.  AvezaCy  M.  d\ — ^Description  et  histoire  de  TAfrique  ancienne, 
pr^^^  d'un  esquisse  g^n^rale  de  TAfrique.    Plates.     Paris :  8vo. 

Also  by  the  same  author,  *  Esquisse  d' Alger.'    Paris :  n.d.,  fol. 

1118.  1845.  Iiettre  k  un  d^put^  sur  radministration  civile  en  Algdrie,  et  les 
credits  demandds  pour  1846.    Paris :  8vo. 

1114.  1845.  Bodichon,  Dr.  B. — Considerations  sur  TAlg^rie.  Paris:  8vo, 
pp.  150. 

1115.  1845.  Franqua — Galerie  historique  de  TAlg^rie.  Les  Princes  en  Afrique. 
M.  le  Due  d'0rl6ans,  pp.  v.  and  86.  Le  Due  d'Aumale,  pp.  60.  Lc  Due  de 
Montpensier,  pp.  34.     All  bound  up  in  a  single  vol.  8vo. 

1116.  1845.  Botalier,  Ch.  de. — Histoire  d' Alger  et  de  la  piraterie  des  Turcs 
dans  la  Mediterran^e.    Paris :  2  voL  8vo. 

1117.  1845.  Etudes  sur  quelques  details  d'organisation  militaire  en  Algdrie. 
Paris  [St  Cloud]  :  8vo. 

1118.  1845.  Ordonnanoe  du  Boi  du  15  avril  1845,  portant  reorganisation  de 
rAdministration  gendrale  et  des  Provinces  en  Algerie.  Ministore  de  la  Guerre. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  37. 

1119.  1845.  Kotioe  sur  la  division  territoriale  dc  TAlgerie.  Ext.  du  Tableau  de 
la  lit.  dflB  6tabli88.  francais  en  Algerie.    Paris :  4to. 


206  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

1120.  1845.    Felet,  Gfr^n^ral  J.  J.,  Pair  de  France. — Maroc,  Alger,  Tunis,  avec 
une  Carte  de  rAlgiSrie  dress^  an  D^p6t  de  la  Guerre.    Magdebourg. 

1121.  1845.  Quyon. — Sur  la  race  blanche  de  TAur^s.  Comptes  rendus  de 
I'Acad.  des  Sciences,  1845. 

1122.  1845.  Virlet  d'Aoust. — Geographic  ancienne  et  sur  la  depression  prol)able 
de  TAfrique  septentrionale,  celle  du  lac  Melghigh.    Paris :  Svo,  pp.  8. 

From  the  Bull,  de  la  Soc.  G6ologique  de  France. 

1123.  1845.  Delaporte,  J.  Hon.,  Consul-Gtjneral. — Guide  de  la  conversation 
fran9aise-arabe,  ou  dialogues.    Alger  et  Paris :  Svo,  oblong. 

1124.    Principcs  de  Tidiome  arabe  en  usage  h.  Alger,  suivi  d'un  Conte  arabe 

avec  la  prononciation  et  le  mot  i  mot  interlineaires.    Paris :  Svo. 

1125.  1845.  Neveu,  £.  de,  Lieutenant-Colonel,  and  Member  of  the  Commission 
Scicntifique,  also  Director  of  Arab  Affairs  at  Algiers. — Les  Khouan,  ordres  religieux 
chez  les  Musulmans  de  rAlg<*rie.  Paris:  Svo,  pp.  112. — See  also  Edinburgh 
Keview,  1846,  voL  Ixxxiv.  p.  47.  A  second  edition  was  published  in  1846, 
pp.  195. 

A  most  valuable  and  exhaustive  work. 

1126.  1845.  Fortin  d'lvry,  T. — L'Alg^rie,  son  importance,  sa  colonisation,  son 
avenir.  Paris  :  Svo,  pp.44.  Published  originally  in  the  Revue  de  I'Orient,  t.  viii. 
p.  55  c^  seq. 

One  of  the  author's  propositions  is  to  create  a  circle  of  military  colonies  to 
surround  the  civil  zone. 

1127.    Excursions    ^  Blida,  Mddea,  Constantino,  Batna,  &c.      Rev.  de 

rOrient,  t.  vii.  p.  148. 

Letters  to  friends  in  Fitince. 

1128.  1845.     Cohen,  Joseph. — Rapport  sur  sa  mission  en  Afrique. 

He  was  sent  to  inquire  into  the  condition  of  the  Jews,  and  the  means  of 
civilising  them. 

1129.  1845.  Duprat,  Pierre  FaseaL — Essai  historique  sur  les  races  anciennes 
et  modernes  de  TAfrique  septentrionale :  leur  origines,  leur  mouvements  et  leurs 
transformations,  dcpuis  l*antiquite  la  plus  recul<Se  jusqu'ii  nos  jours.  Paris :  Svo, 
pp.  318. 

A  valuable  work  for  tlie  time  at  which  it  was  written. 

lldO.  1845.  Fumari,  Dr.  Salvato. — Voyage  m6iicale  dans  TAfriqire  septen- 
trionale.   Paris:  Svo. 

1181.  1845.  Aim^,  M.  Q. — Recherches  do  physique  gdn^rale  surlaMediterran^c. 
Explor.  Scientif.  do  TAlgcrie.    Paris  :  2  vol.  large  4to. 

1182.  1845.  Amati,  Abbate  Don  Giacinto. — Viaggio  da  Milano  in  Africa ;. 
visitando  il  Piemonte,  la  Savoja  e  mezzodi  della  Francia  et  TAlgeria  per  Nizza  c 
Geneva.    Milano :  Svo,  pp.  649. 

Pp.  332-515  relate  to  Algiers. 

1188.  1845.  Fellissier,  £.,  and  B^musat. — Histoire  de  I'Afrique  de  Moham- 
med-Ben-Abi-el-Raini-el-Kairouani,  traduit  de  I'Arabe.  Explor.  Scientif.  dc 
PAlgerie.    Paris :  4to,  pp.  516, 

1184.  1845.  Christian,  F.  (pseudonym  of  Fitois,  Secretary  to  Mar^al 
Bugeaud). — Souvenirs  do  Mar^chal  Bugeaud,  de  rAlg<$rie  et  de  Maroc.  Fans  ^ 
2  vol.  Svo,  pp.  349  and  358. 

As  this  work  failed  to  sell,  it  was  reissued  in  1847  under  the  new  title  of 
*  La  Kouvelle  France  ;  Souvenirs  de  TAlg^rie  et  du  Maroc.' 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  207 

1135.  1845.  ChiiBtian,  P.,  &o. — L'Afrique  fraD9aise;  rempire  de  Maroc  ct  lex 
d^rts  de  Sahara.  Histoire  nationale  des  conquStes  ct  nouvelles  d^couvertes  des 
FraD9ai8  depuU  la  prise  d'Alger  jusqu'  k  nos  jours.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  499,  illostrations. 

This  work  is  particularly  interesting,  as  it  contains  a  good  account  of  the 
affair  of  the  caves  of  Dahra,  which  created  a  great  sensation  in  Europe  at  the 
time. 

1136.  1845.  Chaumont,  Ij^on  de  (pseudonym  of  Ii^on  Guillemin,  Officer  of 
Dragoons). — Les  Fran9aia  en  Afrique,  avec  Bulletin  d'honneurd'Isly  et  de  Mogadon 
In  verse.    Paris :  870,  pp.  48. 

1137.  1845.  St.  AUais,  Viton  de. — Pastes  historiques  ct  biographiques,  civiles, 
militaires  et  coloniaux  de  PAfrique  fran9ai8e.    Paris :  12mo,  pp.  16. 

1138.  1845.  Iiacroix,  A.  de. — Histoire  priv^.et  politique  d'Abd-el-Kader,  ren- 
fermant  des  details  curieux  sur  sa  famille,  sa  naissance,  son  manage,  son  ^Idvation 
an  rang  d*Emir,  &c.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  276. 

1138.  1845,  Debay,  A. — Biographie  d'Abd-cl-Kader  et  description  pittoresquc 
des  populations  de  I'Algdrie  et  en  particulier  du  pays  des  Kabyles.  Paris :  18mo, 
pp.  132. 

1140.  1845.  A.  C.  (Colon). — Quelques  rdflexions  sur  la  situation  prdsente  de 
I'Alg^rie.    Alger:  8 vo,  pp.  54. 

The  author  maintains  that  it  is  useless  to  dream  of  making  the  Mediterranean 
a  French  lake.    What  is  wanted  is  liherty  and  progressive  colonisation. 

1141.  1845.    Martin,  li..  Ill v^ue  d* Alger. — Mogador  et  Isly.    Podsies.    8vo. 

1142.  1845.  Slane,  Ijo  Baron  de. — Rapport  adresse  ^  M.  le  Ministrc  de  Tin- 
st ruction  pablique  par  . . .  charg^  d'une  mission  scientifique  en  Algdrie,  suivi  du 
Catalogue  des  Manuscrits  Arabes  les  plus  iroportants  de  la  Bibliothdque  d'Alger, 
et  de  la  Biblioth^ue  de  Cid-Hammouda  k  Gonstantine.    Paris :  8yo,  pp.  16. 

1 143.  1845.  Berbrugger,  A. — De  la  n^essit^  de  coloniser  le  Gap  Matifou.  Paris : 
4to,  pp.  26,  with  maps.  , 

The  author  describes  this  now  well-known  locality  as  a  terra  incognita, 

1144.    Icosium  :  Notice  sur  les  antiquity  romaines  d'Alger.    Alger:  8vo, 

pp.  48,  with  6  plates  drawn  by  if.  Buquet. — See  also  an  article  in  the  Quart.  Bev., 
Tol.  xcix.  p.  331. 

1145.  1845.  Oudinot. — DeTarmde  et  de  son  application  aux  travaux  publica; 
Paris:  8yo. 

1146.  1845.  Dumalle,  AxoMA^  Iioiiia,  Lieutenant  de  Yaisseau. — ^M^moire  sur 
le  port  de  guerre  et  de  commerce  en  cours  de  construction  k  Alger,  sur  les  forces 
navales  que  les  ^v^nemens  d'une  guerre  maritime  peuvent  faire  aboutir  au  poi-t 
d'Alger  et  sur  les  surfaces  et  profondeurs  d*eau  ndcessaires  ^  ces  forces.  Suivi  d\m 
Expos^  de  quelques  id^es  sur  un  systSme  de  domination  et  de  colonisation  de 
TAlgdrie,  ayant  pour  point  de  depart  le  port  et  la  ville  d'Alger.  Alger:  8vo, 
pp.  132,  with  2  plans. 

1147.  1845.  Finot,  Dr.  P.  X.— Lettres  m^dicalcs  sur  rAlgdrie.  Blidah :  8vo, 
pp.  113.  Extracted  from  the  M^moires  de  M^ecine,  Chirurgie  et  Pharmacie 
Militaire,  t.  Ivi. 

The  first  letter  is  a  "  Compte-rendu  "  of  the  medical  service  of  the  military 
hospital  at  Blidah  during  the  year  1842. 

1148.  1845.  Ferier,  J.  K".,  Chirurgien-Major. — ^De  Tacclimatement  en  Alge'rie. 
Paris:  8vo,  pp.  61.  From  Des  Annates  d'Hygi^ne  publique  et  de  Mddecine 
legale,  t.  xxxiii. 

VOL.  II.  »  P 


208  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

1148.  1815  ?  [Martin  et  Foley.] — ^De  racclimatement  et  de  la  colonisation  en 
Alg^rie.    Anon.,  without  date.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  48. 

1160.  1845.  Dupuoh,  Mgr.  Antoine  Adolphe,  £vdque  d* Alger. — ^Au  Boi  et 
son  Conseil.    Marseillo :  4to,  pp.  50. 

A  letter  from  the  Bishop  of  Algiers,  forwarding  copies  of  the  communications 
which  he  had  addressed  to  the  Goyemor-Geoeral  on  the  subject  of  the  Church 
in  Algeria. 

1151.  1845.  Colet,  Mme.  Iiouise. — Le  Marabout  de  Sidi  Biahim.  Po^e. 
Suivi  de  la  chanson  des  soldats  d'Afrique.    Paris :  8yo,  pp.  16. 

1152.  1845.    Fitot,  F.— Les  CJolonies  Fran^aises.    Paris:  8vo,  "pp.  135. 
The  portion  devoted  to  Algeria  is  from  p.  68  to  p.  108. 

1158.    1845.    lie  Courrier  d*AfMque,  a  journal  appearing  three  times  a  week. 
This  had  only  seventeen  months  of  existence. 

1154.  1845.  Bory  de  Saint- Vinoent.—Sur  TAnthropologie  de  TAfrique  inn- 
9ai8e.    Read  at  the  Academic  des  Sciences,  30th  June. 

1155.  1845.  S^batault. — ^De  la  ndcessit^  d'^tablir  un  impdt  sur  les  graines  im- 
port^ de  r<Stranger.  Lettre  k  tous  les  amis  de  PAlg^rie  et  de  la  France.  Alger : 
8vo,  pp.  18. 

1156.  1845  ?  De  la  direction  des  afiOaires  dc  TAlgdrie.  Extraits  du  Journal 
TAfrique.     Alger :  8vo,  pp.  156. 

1157.  1845.  B^um6  du  syst^me  de  M.  le  G<5ndral  De  P£tang  sur  I'Alg^rie. 
Paris :  12mo. 

1158.  1845.  Histoire  pittoresqiie  de  TAfriquo  Fran9ai0e,  son  pass^,  son  present, 
son  avenir ;  ou  TAlg^rie  sous  tous  ses  aspectn,  &c.  Outrage  orn^  (?)  de  gravures. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  287. 

1159.  1845.  Feuilleret,  H. — ^Apul^.  liltudc  sur  TAfrique  palenne  an  2~  si^e, 
pr^c^6  d*une  introduction  historique  sur  TAfrique  au  temps  des  Empeieurs 
remains.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  150. 

1160.  1846.  lie  Pays  de  BoiujoUy,  Iiieut.-G(totoa.— Consid&ations  sur 
TAlg^rie  :  ou  les  faits  opposes  aux  theories.    Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  52. 

1161.  1846.    Shrimpton,  Dr.  C— Relation  medico-chirnrgicale  de  I'expWtion 

du  Bou-Thaleb  (Province  de  Constantine),  et  notice  sur  le  service  chirurgical 
de  rhopital  militaire  de  S^tif  it  la  suite  de  cette  exp^ition,  sur  les  congelations 
partielles,  Icur  traitement,  dec    Constantine  :  8vo,  pp.  158. 

1162.  1846.  Ijes  Princes  en  AfHque. — Le  due  de  Montpcnsier.  Published 
anonymously ;  attributed  to  M.  Franquc.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  34. 

This  gives  an  account  of  the  princes'  services  in  Algeria,  and  notes  on  the 
establishment  of  the  Trappists ;  of  the  College  at  Algiers,  and  of  the  Library  and 
Museum. 

1168.  1846.  Worms. — Recherches  sur  la  constitution  de  la  propri^t^  territoriale 
dans  les  pays  musulmans  et  subsidiairement  en  Algdrie.     Paris :  8vo. 

1164.  1846.  Duvivier,  G^ndral  Francia  de  Fleurus.— Inscriptions  Phcui- 
ciennes,  Puniques,  Numidiques,  cxpliqu<5es  par  ime  mdthode  incontestable.  Pari^ : 
8vo,  pp.  16. 

1165.  1846.  BeUstab,  Ijudwig  von.— Algicr  und  Paris  im  Jahre  1830. 
Leipzig. — See  Quarterly  Rev.,  vol.  xcix.  p.  331. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY'  OF  ALGERIA.  209 

XSe.  1846.  £1  Aichi  ebn-Moula  Ahmed.— Voyages  dans  le  Sud  de  TAlgcrie 
ot  des  l&tals  Barbaresqaes  de  Pouest  et  de  Test,  trad,  sur  deux  manuscrits  arabes 
par  A.  Berbrogger ;  suivis  d'itindrures  et  rcnseignements  fouruis  par  Sid-Ahmed- 
Onlid-Bou-Mezrag  et  du  voyage  par  terre  de  Taza  k  Tunis  par  M.  Fabre.  Trans- 
lAted  by  A.  Berbrogger.    Explor.  Scientif.  de  TAlgdrie.    Paris  :  4to,  pp.  396. 

X07.  1846.  Potdoulat,  J.  Job.  Fr. — Voyage  en  Algdrie.  £tudes  africaines, 
r^its  et  pens^  d'un  voyageur.    Paris :  2  yoL  Bvo.    New  editions  in  1861-1868. 


1846.    lisptoe,  Gtotod  Ed. — ^Tableau  liistorique,  moral  et  politique  sur 
les  Kabyles.    Metz:  8vo,  pp.  80.    From  the  Mdmoires  de  TAcad.  Hoyale  de 


1846.    8t.  Marie,  Count. — ^Algeria  in  1845.     A  visit  to  the  French 
in  Africa.    London :  8vo,  pp.  284. 

1846.    Ravoiaier,  Amable. — Architecture,  Sculpture,    Inscriptions    et 
lies  d'Algdrie.    Expl.  Scicnt.  de  1' Alg.    Paris :  folio. 

.  i  1846.  Biohard,  Ch.,  Capit.  du  Gdnie,  Chef  du  Bureau  Arabe  d'Orl^ans- 
>rille. — ^£tude  sur  insurrection  du  Dahra  (1845-46).  Alger:  8vo,  pp.  207, 
X  map. 

A  very  valuable  work,  containing  the  history  of  Bou-Maza. 

Traditions  et  proph^tiea  arabes — Le  Moule-sa&  et  le  Moule-Drft— 


m-Maza  et  Abd-el-Eader.    Hevue  de  TOricnt,  t.  ii.  p.  123^ 

-^X7Ql     1846.    Manterie  Salah. — Premier  essai  d'une  histoire  de  Gonstantine. 
Arabic  text.     Constantino :  8vo. 

XX74.  1846.  Ijaynadier  et  ClauaeL — Histoire  de  I'Alg^rie  fTan9aise,  pr^^^ 
d^ime  introduction,  &c.  Ilhistrd  par  T.  Gu^rin  et  Bamus.  Paris :  2  vol.  8vo, 
pp.  412  and  396. 

'Xl-Tfiu  1846.  CodhuU  A. — Des  ressouroes  agricoles  de  I'Alg^rie.  Bevue  des  deux 
Mondes,  Ist  Oct,  1846. 

^X70.  1846.  DetEdobert,  A.,  D4put6  de  la  Seine-Infdrieure.— L'Algdrie  en  1846. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  82. 

^X77.  1846.  BrouBsais,  C. — ^Aperfu  physique,  climatologique  et  mddical  de 
I'Algdste.    Nouv.  Annales  des  Voyages,  mai  1846. 

-^78.  1846.  Instructiozi  hygi^nique  pour  les  Colons  r<^cemment  arrives  en 
Alg^rie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  7. 

Prepared  by  a  Special  Commission  under  Ministerial  instructions. 

^^79.    1846.    Clark  Kennedy,  Captain  J.  C— Algeria  and  Tunis  in  1845. 
-Xxmdon :  2  voL  8vo,  pp.  204,  261,  2  illustrations. 

An  account  of   his  journey  through  the  two  countries  with  Viscount 
Fielding.    Reviewed  in  the  Dub.  Univ.  Mag.,  vol.  xxviii.  pp.  285-98. 

*  ^^D.    1846.    The  Saliara  and  its  Tribes. — See  Edinburgh  Review,  vol.  Ixxxi v. 


L*  1846.  [Bngeaud*  Mar^chal.] — Quelques  reflexions  sur  trois  questions 
^otxdamentales  de  notre  ^tablissement  en  Afrique :  de  la  Guerre ; — du  Gouveme- 
^^©nt  des  Arabes ;— de  la  Colonisation  europ^enne.    Paris :  8vo. 

Published  anonymously,  but  acknowledged  by  the  Mar^chal.  A  more 
oomplete  work  on  the  subject  was  published  in  1847.  ,The  former  gave  rise  to 
^the  two  following  works. 

p  2 


210  A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

1182.  184G.  Vialar,  Baron  de. — Prcmidre  lettre  ^  M.  le  Marshal  Bageaud,  Due 
d'Jsly,  Gouverneur-gda^ral  de  TAlg^rie.    Alger :  870,  pp.  16. 

The  writer  implores  the  Marshal  to  use  his  high  position  to  counteract  the 
injurious  effects  of  his  decrees  of  1  Oct.,  1844,  and  21  July,  1846. 

1188.    1846.    IjS  Frsjioe  en  AfHque.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  300. 

A  warm  appeal  in  favour  of  Algeria.    Attrihuted  to  M.  Lingay,  writing 
under  the  inspiration  of  M.  Guizot. 

1184.  1846.  Manuel  des  aspirsjits  anx  emplois  de  TAdministratioQ  civile 
en  Alg^rie.    Paris :  12mo. 

1185.  1846.  Iiandmann,  I'Abb^ — Expose  adressee  a  MM.  les  d^putds  sor  la 
colonisation  de  TAlg^rie.    Paris  :  8vo. 

1186.    Exposd  sur  la  colonisation  d'Alg^rie,  adressd  k  MM.  les  Pairs  de 

France.    8vo. 

1187.  1846.  Iiegoyt,  Alired. — Colonisation  de  TAlg^rie.  Article  in  the  Bevue 
Nouvelle. 

1188.  1846.  IilTnion  Agricole  d'Afrique.  Nouveau  syst^me  de  colonisation 
de  I'Alg^rie.    Lyon  :  8vo. 

1189.  1846.  Fr^aux-Iiocr^,  Colonel  d'artillerie  dc  la  marine. — ^Reflexions  sur  la 
colonisation  du  territoire  d'Alger.    Paris :  8vo,  maps  and  plans. 

1180.    M^moire  sur  TAlgdric,  d^did  auxChamhres,  &  la  Socidtd  Maritime  de 

Paris,  et  ^  la  flotte.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  16. 

The  author  advocates  the  transfer  of  the  government  of  Algeria  to  the 
Ministry  of  Marine  (Direction  of  Colonies). 

1191.  1846.  Sidi-Aiddin.— Fatima ;  ou  les  soir^  du  g^nie  Azael,  Ponies  Alg^- 
riennes.    Traduction  lihre  de  TArahe  par  le  Capitaine  Hervier.    Paris :  Svo. 

1192.  1846.  Petigny,  Madlle.  Clara  P.  de.— UAlgdrie.    Tours :  12rao. 

1198.  1846.  Bialer,  Mathieu,  Maire  de  Cemay,  Haut-Rhin. — ^Les  asiles  agricokse 
de  la  Suisse  comme  moyen  d*education  pour  les  enfants  pauvres.  .  .  .  Syitdme 
de  colonisation  pour  I'Algdrie.  From  the  German  of  Joh.  Conrad  Zellweger. 
Mulhouse :  12mo,  pp.  69. 

1194.  1846.  Tr^B-humble  lettre  sur  les  affaires  de  TAlg^rie,  &  Mgr.  le  due 
d'Aumale  par  un  colon.    Paris :  12m 0,  pp.  94. 

A  letter  of  welcome  and  advice  to  the  Duke  on  his  appointment  as  Governor 
General. 

1195.  1846.  Audouard,  Dr. — Un  moyen  d'assurer  la  conqu^te  de  FAlg^e, 
auquel  on  n'a  pas  encore  pens4.    Paris :  1846,  8vo. 

1196.  1846.  Montgravler,  Azema  de. — Une  excursion  arch^ologique  d'Oran  k 
Tlemsen.  From  the  M^moires  de  la  Soci^tc  Archdologique  du  Midi  de  la  France, 
t.  V.  p.  317. 

1197.  1846.  Delaporte,  H. — Cours  de  versions  arabes  (Idiome  d'Alger)  diviad 
en  deux  parties :  fables  de  Lokman,  avec  le  mot  k  mot  et  la  prononciatiou  inter- 
lin^ires ;  fables  choisies  d*£sope.    Alger :  8vo. 

1198.  1846.  Cabroly  Dr.  H. — Biographic  de  J.  A.  Antonini,  m^decin  en  chef  de 
Tarmac  d'Afrique.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  159. 

1199.  1846.  Dupuch,  Mgr.  A.  A.,  first  Bishop  of  AJgiera. — Quelques  notes  k 
consulter  au  sujet  de  sa  ^6mission.    l***^  Janvier  1846.    Paris :  8vo. 

1200.  ■     -     ■  Demieres  notes  il  consulter  i  Toccasion  de  saddmission.  Blidah  :  8vo. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  211 

1846.  Fritey  Jean,  born  atDeux-Ponts  in  Bavaria. — Onze  annto  d'escla- 
vage  chez  lea  Eabjrles.    Alger :  IGmo,  pp.  26. 

Contains  some  carioas  details  of  the  forced  conversion  and  marriage  of  a 
European  prisoner  among  the  Zaouaoua. 

1846.    Cardini,  Lieut.-Cobnel. — L'avenir  d'Alger.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  74. 
Deals  principally  with  the  past  and  very  little  with  the  future. 

1846.  Bozmafont,  Dr.  J.  Pierra — Rdflexions  sur  I'Alg^rie,  particuli^re- 
Kment  sur  la  Province  de  Gonstantine,  sur  I'origine  de  cetto  ville  et  les  Beys  qui 
ont  T^6  depuis  1710  jusqu'en  1837.    Paris :  8vOy  pp.  59. 

Of  the  last  twenty-five  Beys,  three  died  natural  deaths,  four  were  recalled, 
and  eighteen  were  assassinated. 

1846.  ArrM  MinlBt^rlal  determinant  les  uniformes  du  personnel  colonial 
Alg^e. 

I.    1846.    Iiamarohe,  Hipp. — L'Alg^rie,  son  influence  sur  les  destinies  de  la 
^P^ranoe  et  de  I'Europe.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  55. 

This  is  a  letter  addressed  to  MM.  Thiers  and  Banot,  the  substance  being 
that  Algeria  must  assure  to  France  the  first  rank,  political  and  naval,  in  the 
Me^terranean,  in  spite  of  England,  Gibraltar  and  Malta. 

1846.    Vialar,  Baron  de. — Lettre  au  Marshal  Bugeaud. 

1846.  De  la  conversion  des  Musulmans  au  Christianisme  consid^rde 
oomme  moyen  d'affermir  la  puissance  fran9aise  en  Alg^rie.  Par  un  ofiScier  de 
l*ann^  d'Afrique.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  38. 

1846.  Adreasee  au  Boi  et  r^ponses  au  *  Moniteur  Universel/  du  25 
septembre.   Alger :  8vo,  pp.  27. 

These  are  signed  by  M.  Rozet,  President,  and  the  members  of  the  "  Ck>ni- 
miarion  Alg^rienne,"  protesting  against  the  Royal  Ordinance  of  the  2l8t  July, 
on  the  subject  of  real  property,  which  they  style  "  la  loi  agraire  brutalement 
appliqu^  au  pit>fit  de  r^tat" 

I  1846.  Castelli,  Pr^fet  Apostolique. — La  colonisation  paci6que  et  la  civilisa- 
tion des  provinces  fran9aises  de  TAlg^rie  par  Tdl^meut  de  rdducation  sociale  et 
i^eligieuae.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  34. 

1846.  Iia  EabyUe. — Recherches  et  observations  sur  cette  ricbc  contr^ 
tie  TAlg^rie.  Par  un  colon,  ^tabli  k  Bougie  depuis  les  premiers  jours  d*octobre  1833. 
X^aris :  8vo,  pp.  85,  with  a  plan  of  Bougie.  Published  anonymously ;  attributed  to 
3ft.  Maffre. 

1846.     Golonisation  dans  le  Xord  de  I'Afrique.    Encyclop^ie  du  xix"** 
Bidcle. 

.  1846.  Berthelot,  8. — De  la  P^he  sur  les  cdtes  de  I'Algdrie.  Rev.  de 
I'Orient,  t.  ix.  p.  193. 

1846.  Fouqnier,  AoMllis. — Une  excursion  de  Gonstantine  h.  Biskra.  l.c., 
X.  pb  139. 

.    1846.    Carette  et  Wamier. — ^Description  de  TAlgdrie.    1.  c,  t.  xi.  p.  83. 
1846.    Hugo,  A. — Population  de  TAlgdrie.     L  c,  t.  xL  p.  108. 

5.  1846.  Foxumel,  Ing^nieur  en  chef  des  Mines. — Mines  de  fer  des  euvlrons  de 
Sdne.    L  c.,  t.  xi.  p.  112. 

6L  1846.  Fortin  d^Ivry,  T. — Melanges  sur  les  cultures  et  la  colonisation. 
i*  C,  t.  XL  p.  118. 


212  A  BIBLIOGHAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

1217.  1846.    Portin  d'lvry,  T. — Domaine  de  la  Reghaia.    1.  c,  t  xi.  p.  12(K 

1218.  1846.  Porter,  B.  F.— Translation  of  work  by  M.  A.  de  France.  (No. 
712.)  Abd-el-Kader's  Prisoners,  or  a  five  months*  captivity  among  the  Arabs. 
— See  also  For.  Quart.  Rev.,  vol.  xxxvii.  pp.  159-84. 

1219.  1846.  Dupuoh,  Mgr.  A.  A.,  Evdque  d'Alger. — Tin  dernier  chafHlse  de 
mon  rapport  k  S.S.  le  Pape  Gr^ire  XVI.    Alger :  4to,  pp.  35. 

The  Bishop,  feeling  himself  near  death,  forwards  a  correspondence  regarding 
his  work  in  Africa  to  the  Pope  "as  his  testament." 

1220.  1846.  Bicuioey,  Cliarlee  de. — De  la  situation  religieuse  de  TAlg^e. 
M4moires  de  Mgr.  I'^v^ue  d^missionnaire  d'Alger.  M^moire  an  Roi  et  son  Con- 
seil,  24  Janvier  1845.  Notes  int^ressantes  il  consulter,  1  Janvier  1846.  A  sa 
Saintet^  le  Pape  Gr^goire  XVI.  Public  par  le  Comity  Sectoral  pour  la  dtfense 
de  la  liberty  religieuse.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  89. 

1221.  1846.  Petition  &  la  Ghambre  des  Pairs  ayant  ponr  but  la  reunion  de^ 
TAlgdrie  ^  la  France.    Paris :  4to,  pp.  8. 

1221a.    1846.    Petition  aux  Chambres.    Esclavage  en  Alg^ric.    Paris :  8vo. 

1222.  1846  ?  Bailaud  Ii'Angle,  F^re. — Projet  de  colonisation  en  grand  de 
TAlg^rie.    No  place  or  date :  12mo,  pp.  32. 

1228.    1846.    Coupry. — Les  Brises  du  Rumel.    Podme.    Bdne :  8vo,  pp.  12. 

1224L    1846.    Bevue  d'AMque,  organe  des  D^partemens  alg^riens. 

The  first  number  appeared  at  Paris  on  the  15th  January.    The  motto  of  the 
work  is  *  L' Algeria  doit  devenir  une  Corse  et  non  une  Irlande.' 

1225.  1846.  BesBoiiroes  militaires  et  financidres  dos  Arabes.    L  c.,  p.  34. 

1226.  1846.  Causes  de  I'impuissance  de  notre  armde  en  Alg^rie.    1.  c,  p.  40. 

1227.  1846.  Sur  la  Coloxiisation  de  TAIgerie.    I.  c,  pp.  7  ei  aeq. 

1228.  1846.  Fropri^t^  fonoi^re  en  Algeric.    Ordonnance  Royale  du  24  juillet. 

1228.  1846.  Saint-lffacaire,  Ijo  Chevalier  de. — Lettre  &  un  commis.  Alger  i 
12mo,  pp.  24. 

On  the  subject  of  land  in  Algeria. 

12d0.  1846.  Marshal,  le  Comte.— La  v4rit^  sur  la  colonisation  de  I'Alg^e; 
Marseille :  8vo,  pp.  71. 

1281.  1846.  Ijegoyt,  A.~Coloni8ation  de  TAlgdrie.  Published  in  the  Bevue 
Mensuelle. 

1282.  1846.  Iieonard,  M^ecin  en  chef  de  llidpital  du  Dey,  et  Foley,  I>r. — 
Recherches  sur  T^tat  du  sang  dans  les  maladies  end^miques  de  PAIg^e.  Paris  r 
8vo,  pp.  79. 

1288.  1846.  Solvet,  Ch.,  Conseiller  k  la  cour  royale  d*Alger,  et  Breeniar» 
Ij.  J.,  Professeur  d'Arabe. — Notice  sur  les  successions  musulmanea.  Alger  :  8vo^ 
pp.  31,  with  an  Arabic  table  of  successions.  Extracted  from  *  Chrestomathie 
Arabc-vulgaire.* 

1284.  1846.  Mauteri  Salah.  —  Annuaire  Arabe  pour  1847.  In  Aialnc* 
Constantine :  4to,  no  pagination. 

1285.  1847.    Colonisation  de  la  Province  d'Oran.    Oran  :  8vo. 

1286.  1847.  Vilmont,  H. — Organisation  du  travail  et  de  la  colonisation  de 
TAlg^rie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

The  prospectus  of  a  company  in  favour  of  workmen,  styled  "  8oci^6  d& 
Tiiulustrie  et  de  la  colonisation  de  rAlgerie." 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  213 

1847.    Ox6da»  J. — Projet  de  colonisation  au  moyen  dcs  ouvriers  noirs. 
De  la  sitoation  actuello  do  TAlg^rie.     Rapport  adresse  i\  S.A.R. 


i  o  due  d^Aumale,  Gouvemenr-gdn^ral.    Alger :  4to,  pp.  8. 

1847.  Foztixi  divpy,  Th. — Alg^rie.  Colonisation ;  cultures  et  essais  dc 
c^ultme  k  la  R^ghaia.  Paris:  8^0,  pp,  14.  From  the  Bev.de  TOrient  et  dc 
I'^Alg^rie,  t  ii.  p.  118. 

1847.     Bozel,  Fetrus,  Inspecteur  de  Colonisation.  —  Travaux  ex^utC^s 
la  Reghaia  de  septembre  1846  &  avril  1847.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  16.    From  the 
journal. 

1.    1847?    Iiebesohu,  Mien.— Culture  du  Tabac  en  Alg($rie.    Alger:  8vo, 
19. 

1847  ?    Iioyer   de  la  Mettrie. — Biographie  ^u   Colonel   Marengo,  In- 
pecteur-g^ndral  des  Milices  et  Maire  de  Douera.    Alger  :  Svo,  pp.  38. 

1847.    Citati,  Ga^tan,  Banquier. — Essai  sur  la  n^essit^  de  cr^r  une 
"V  ice-royautd  en  Alg^rie.    Marseille  :  8vo,  pp.  80 ;  from  the  Revue  Algdrienne. 
The  author  suggests  that  a  French  prince  be  sent  to  Algeria. 

1847.  Fln^aux  Iioor^  Colonel  d'Axtillerie. — Do  PAlgArie.  Urgence  de 
Ǥunir  cette  conqucte  d'outre-mer  aux  colonies  administrdes  par  la  Marine  ou  son 
ijonction  definitive  &  la  Mdtropole  en  formant  trois  d^partements,  compris  dans 
"^^ne  division  inilitaire,et  jouissant  les  memes  avantages  constitutionnels  quo  Pile 
0.«  Corse  pour  les  lois  et  la  representation  nationale.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  18. 

1847.    Bodiohon,  Dr.  Eugene. — £tude  sur  PAlgerie  et  PAfrique.    Paris 
^t  Alger:  8vo,  pp.  256. 

1847.    Gtoirdy    C.  Jiilee  Basile,  called  the  Lion-killer. — Gerard,  le 
M^uetir  de  Lions.    Biographic  racontde  par  lui-niSme  et  ^crite  par  A.  Boissonier. 

7.  1847.  Baousset-Boulbon,  Comte  Gaston  de  (a  celebrated  ad- 
venturer, shot  at  Guaymas  in  1854). — De  la  colonisation,  et  des  institutions  civiles 
^n  Alg^rie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  77. 

Complains  of  undue  favour  to  the  natives,  at  the  expense  of  the  Europeans. 

1847.    Amauiy,  A.,  Avocat. — De  PAlg^rie  et  du  paup^risme  en  France. 
-A.lger :  8vo^  pp.  15. 

1847«    Ck)loiiiBation  de  TAlg^rie,  par  un  officicr  de  Parmdo  d'Afrique. 
X^aris:  8vo. 

1847.    Fabrier,  Sugdne.     Colonisation  de  PAlg^rie.     Examen  de  la 
<liiestion«    Solution  de  la  probl^me.    Brest :  12mo. 

1.  1847.  FeliBfder  de  Beynaud,  £. — Quelques  mots  sur  la  colonisation 
O^ilitaire  en  Alg^rie.    Paris :  8vo. 

1847.    Brunet,  J.  BaptiBte,  Captain  of  Artillery. — £tude  sur  la  question 
Ig^rienne.    Paris:  8vo. 

1847.    Cerfberr  de  Medelsheixiie,  A. — De  la  colonisation  de  PAlg^rie 
T  ^^r  les  pauvres,  les  orphelins  ec  les  condamnes  lib^r^s.    Paris. 

1847.  I>i2ina8,  Alexandre. — Impressions  de  voyage,  en  forme  de  lettres 
^^^ressto  dk  une  dame.    Published  originally  in  '  La  Presse.' 

1847.    Khaldonn,  Abou   Zeid  Abd-er-Rahman   Ibn-lffohammed 

n-,  Native  and  Magistrate  of  Tunis. — Histoire  des  Berbercs  et  des  Dynasties 


9H 


\  DIDLIOGKAPHV  OF  ALrJEKlA. 


e.  e^_ 


UiulenuLDes  dc   TAfrique   Eeptcntriumile.      Ttuusktiim   fran^aise   pti   le  Bttoo. 

MacGucken  de  Skne.     Algierii :  4  vol. 

The  original  work  ia  a  ^eoerfil  history  of  tlie  Mohunmedaa  world,  and  k 
iiasnrpaafed  in  Arabic  literature  as  a  masterpiece  of  historical  cumpoaitioD.  It 
v/M  printed  at  Bulau,  iti  T  vol.  roira!  Svo,  In  a.h.  1284.  Hu  was  a  native  ot 
Tacis ;  taught  at  Tlem^on ;  was  first  tba  captive  aud  eubse'iuentlj  the  fiienil 
of  TIraur.  and  died  at  Cairo  in  a.d.  1106,— See  also  Nos.  354,  89fl,  27(J6. 

1266.  1847.  Munby.O.— Flore  deTAlg^rie.  Alger,  MoDtpellier:  8vo,  pp.120. 
Gplat«B. 

1267.  1847.    Delpeoh  de  Saint- Quilhem.  £.— Adresse  de  la  dfl^tioa  da 
I'Algiirie  aux  Cbambres.     Pans :  Svo,  pp.  19. 

The  author  eloquenll/  pleads  for  ciiril  governmeut,  and  an  end  being  put 
to  the  esceptiooal  rigijne  which  compromises  the  future  of  the  coli 

1268.  1847.    Mjmolre  an  Roi  et  aui  Chambres  par  lea  colons  de  I'Algdrie. 
blication  Je  la  ddli^gntiun  de  I'Algirio.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  46. 

Signed  by  M.  Delpecli  de   Salnt-Guilbem.  Baron  de  Vinlar,  Comt 
Fraoclieu,  and  Comte  de  Baousset-Bonlboo,  "  Dilegii^a  de  I'Algii 

1269.  1817.  Utoioire  ac  Itoi,  au  Chambre,  au  Conseil  d'<;tat  ct  aux  Miuistrei. 
par  les  proprldtaires  des  Miiiifiree  des  euvirons  de  B6110.     Marseille :  4to,  pp.  46. 

1260.  1847.  QuSrin-Toudonae,  Pirc— Dea  Hious  et  MinlSres  de  fet  de  la 
Provincede  BOoe.  A] *rfu  general  sur  lea  avaarageBquepriSseDtent  IcB  miuitreade 
cetle  province  et  lea  obstacles  que  rencontre  cetie  exploitation.  De  l'in«tilito 
des  concessions  aecord^ea  [lar  les  OrdoDnances  du  0  novembre  1S45,  en  ])rijieace 
de  la  richesse  de  ces  miiiieres.    BOne :  4to,  pp.  7. 

1261.  1847.  Martiii,  Dr.  A.  E.  T.— Manuel  d'liygi^ne  k  riisage  des  EuropteDi 
qui  viennent  s'^tablir  en  AigiSrie.     Alger,  Paris:  Svo,  pp.  231. 

1262.  1S4T.    Eglise,  D6Bir£. — Un  voyage  k  Alger.    Pi^e  en  an  acte  et  ca 
Alger ;  Svo,  pp.  75,  aiid  otLtr  ]iuems. 

1263.  1847.    Coetlogon,  Le  Comte  L.  Ch.  Exa.  de.— Voy^c  en  Alg^e. 

1264.  1847.    Foi:ODiilat,  Jean  Job.  Francois. — Voyage  en  Algi^i 
africaines — BiScits  ct  iieiiitees  d'un  Toyagour.    PariH  ;  2  vol.  8to,  pp.  368  ami  348, 
Other  editiouB  ia  18G1  aud  1862. — See  also  Quarterly  Kevlew,  vol.  idx.  p.  33L 

1266.     1847.     Hontrond,  U.  de.— Uistoire  de  k  conquSle  de  I'Alg^rie  du  1830 

k  1847.'   Paris;  2  vol.  8vo. — See  also  an  article  la  the  lievue  des  deux  Uonijixi, 

pp.  431  and  438,  in  the  same  year  by  an  anonyniouH  writer. 
1266.     1847.     Coinze   d'Altroff    (Mcurtbe).— Introduction   &   un  plan   general 

d 'administration  civile  ct  de  culoniKation  agricole  en  Alg^iiu.    Poriti :  8yo,  i'i>.  G2. 
1367.    1847.    Coohut,  Andrd. — La  colonisation  dc  I'Alg^rie.    Revuo  des  deux 

Moades,  Ist  Feb.,  15th  April. 

The  author  was  charged  with  the  preparation  of  a  general  report  on  Algetk, 
but  owing  to  political  events  it  was  never  published. 
12ea     Cochut,  AndrS,— Des  coucESsiona  et  de  la  proprietiS  en  Algii 

des  Mines.     Itevue  des  deux  Mociiles,  IGth  Sep. 
1268.     1847.     Carette  et  Wamier.— Description  et  diTision  da  I'Alg^iie.    Paria~ 

12mo,  pp.  70.     Froni  the  Tableau  de  la  situation  des  ^tablissements  fran^ais. 
1370.    1847.    Ferrier,  J.  A.  IT.— Do  I'liygiSne  en  Algirie.    Suivi  d'on  mjmoin 

BUT  la  peste  en  Algiirie  jiar  A.  Berbrugger.    Exploration  Sciciit..de  PAIj 

Faria:  4lo,  pp.  251. 


M 


Porla: 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERU.  215 

^1.    1847.    Mannier,  X. — Lettres  sur  TAIg^rie.     Paris:   12mo,    pp.   xxxv. 
and  312. 

Originally  publishod  in  'Le  Correspondant,'  preceded  by  34  pp.  of  Biblio- 
graphy. 

1S72.    1847.    Dauinas,  Q&a^ml  M.  Jos.  Eug.,  and  Capitaine  Fabar. — La 
Grande  Eabyle.    ifitudes  historiques.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  421,  map. 

A  most  important  work. — SSee  also  Re^.  de  I'Orient,  de  TAlg.  et  des  Colonies, 
t.  viiL  p.  13,  and  t.  ix.  p.  249. 

127a    La  Kabylie.    Paris :  32mo. 

1S74.    Moeurs  et  coutumes  de  TAlg^rie.    Tell,  Kabylie  et  Sahara.    Paris : 

12mo. 

1276.  1847.  Gouvemement  gtotod  de  l'Alg6rie«  Tableau  de  la  situation 
des  ^blissements  fran9ais  en  Alg^rie.    Paris :  4to. 

Beyiewed  in  the  Hev.  de  TOrient  et  de  TAIg^rie,  t.  ii.  p.  409. 

1276.    l&tat  g^^l  des  Immeubles  appartenant  &  I'^tat  en  Alg^rie,  d'apr^ 

les  reconnaissances  efifectu^  jusqu*au  31  d^.  1846.    Paris :  4to,  pp.  609. 

1277.  1847.  Jaoquoty  Dr.  Felix. — ^Illnstration,  t.  iL  p.  285.  Saharan  inscrip- 
tiona  at  Moghar  Tahtani. 

1278.  1847.  Carette,  E. — £tudes  des  routes  suivies  par  les  Arabes  dans  la  partie 
m^ridionale  de  TAlgerie,  et  de  la  r^on  de  Tunis.    Paris :  2  vol.  4to. 

1S79.  1847.  Botixjolly,  Qfo^ral. — Le  pays  de  projets.  Sur  I'Algdrie.  Paris : 
8fo. 

1280.  1847.  Or&berg  de  Hemso,  Count  J.  O.-^enni  suU'  Agricoltura  e 
Industria  delF  Africa  Francese  e  sulla  condizione  attuale  dello  sue  Miniere. 
Firenze:  8vo. 

1847.    Fabar,  P. — Camps  agricoles  de  TAlg^ic,  ou  Colonisation  civile  par 
Temploi  de  I'arm^e.    Paris :  pp.  130. 

A  warm  advocacy  of  Marshal  Bugeaud*8  system. 

L'Alg^rie  et  Topinion.     Paris,  Lagny  [printed] :  8vo. 


1847.    Fraz,  M. — Instructions  pour  le  voyage  de  .  .  .  dans  le  Sahara  sep* 
tentrional.    Paris:  8vo. 


Christian,  P.  (Pitois).  —  L'Alg^rie   de  la   jeunesse.     Illustrations  par 
Lt.  Lasalle.    Paris :  8vo. 


1847.  Bugeaud,  Mar^ohal,  Duo  d*l8ly. — De  la  colonisation  en  Algdrie. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  95. 

He  proposes  to  create  military  colonies  all  over  the  country. 

1847.  Cormier,  P.  Thtophile. — Specimen  colonial  de  Alg^ric.  R^um^, 
refutation  ou  complement  des  systdmes  de  MM.  Leblanc  de  Pr^bois,  TAbbe 
Landmann,  De  La  Morici^re,  Bedeau  et  Bugeaud.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  167. 

The  title  on  the  cover  is  *  L'Algdrie  .  .  .  moins  riUusion.** 

1287.  1847.  Iia  Morioi^re  et  Bedeau,  Ijieuta-G^nerauz. — Projets  de  colo- 
nisation pour  les  provinces  d'Oran  et  de  Constantine.  Paris:  8vo,  pp.  235, 
2  maps. 

These  general  officers  were  Commandants  supdrieurs  of  the  provinces  of  Oran 
and  Constantine.  Their  reports  were  presented  to  the  Chambers  for  general 
information. 

128a    1847.    Obaervations    de  M.   le   Qouvemeur    GMn^ral   (Marshal 


216 


L  EllSLIOGRAPHV  OF  ALGERIA. 


Bugoau<3)  sor  !e  projel  du  coIuniBatioa,  pi'£seiit£  pour  1b  prorface  d'Orani  )j>r- 
M.  le  Lieutenant-Q^n^ral  de  La  Moricifre.     Al^er :  8vo,  pp.  87. 

To  it  arc  appended  the  Report  ofG^Dortil  de  Lb  Moricicre  in  qncstion.     Abo 

'  litudea  poor  servir  h  la  colonisntioD  (i.ius  la   province  d'Oran,  par  Ggnfiml 

Martimprey,'  and  'fitadia  hUtoriques  jiour  servir au  projetde  colonisation  d'unc 

ixirtie  du  territoire  de  la  province  d'Oran,  par  Azfima  de  Montgravier.' 

1288.    1847.    Iia  Moricidre,  O^n^rol  de,  DcputiS, — DiBOoursdaaa  la  discnsaion 

du  prnjet  do  loi  relntif  aiu  cnidits  extraordinairea  pour  I'Afrique.     Fans ;  Svo, 

pp.  24. 

1290.  1347.  Qu^tln. — Guide  de  vc^agear  en  Alg^iie;  Itindmire  da  sarant, 
de  I'artiflle,  de  rhomme  du  monds  et  du  colon,  avcc  Vocabulaire  fraD^ais-aiabc. 
Pons ;  12mo. 

1291.  1847.  Frotastation  des  Colons  d' Alger  contre  I'dtabliasement  des  camps 
ntrriooles.     Paria :  4to. 

1292.  1847.  JudaA.  Dr.  C.  A.— £tude  demonstrative  de  k  langne  PhSnicieiuie 
«t  do  la  langue  Libyqne.    P.iriM. 

1383.  1847.  FrtivosL — Note  Hur  la  dStermI nation  de  ladatede  I'Sreprovindale 
d'Afriqne.    Revue  Arch fiologi que,  p.  800. 

1384.  1847.  Iiimberg,  N,— Hiatoire  de  la  prise  de  OonsUtntine  par  les  Arabes 
en  654.     Constnntiue :  8^0, 

1396.  1847.  Iistroime,  J.  Ant— Sur  I'arc  de  triomplie  de  Theveste  (TebcBiO- 
Paris:  8vo,  pp.  16.  From  the  Ituv.  ArchSulogiquo  of  IStli  Ang.,  witli  a.  fine 
iUustratioa 

139S.    1847.    Assemble  g^n^rala  des Colons,  s&incedu  17 Janvier.    Alger:  8ro, 

1387.  184T.  Bonnal,  Marcslm  de. — Examen  de  la  colonisation  au  point  de 
vue  pratique.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  78. 

Tbis  is  an  examioatioii  of  the  military  ayslpm  of  tlie  Due  d'laly,  and  of  that 
of  coIoDisntion  by  capitalists  of  Guncral  de  Lu  MoriciJrc,  with  the  author's  own 
ideas  of  practical  colouisation,  adilreiwcd  for  tlie  enlightenment  of  the  MinialM' 
of  Public  Worka, 

1388.  1847.    ColoniMtion  do  I'Algerio;  par  m  otBcier  de  Parnife  d'Afrfq 
Paris ;  8vo,  pp.  46. 

He  maintains  that  tlie  military  government  is  indispeoiable,  and  i 
colonisation  a  debt  of  honour  and  a  sacred  duty. 
1300.    1847.    Wamery,  Dr.  Aug.  Hulx,  RSdacteur  de '  L'Airiquc' — Itesi:m£  i» 
la  aitunlion  morale  et  miilfriello  de  I'AlgSrie.     Paris;   8vo,  pp.  31.     From  llto 
Revue  Algi^riennc. 
1801.     1847.    FruioUeu,  Comt«  de. — Eucoce  PAIgfirio  dev.tnt  les  ChnmbteB. 

Paris;  8vo,  pp.  24. 
1303.    1847.    Uiutiii,  !•.,  I^vOq ac  d' Alger. — LaFroncoeD  Afrique.  FoMea.  8vo. 

1303.  1847.  Wamier,  Dr.  A.  H.— Analyse  critique  de  rouvrago  du  G^nenl 
Ii^Iang,  'Bcs  moyens  d'assurer  la  domination  franjaise  en  Algirie.'  Faiis :  8*0, 
pp.  56. 

1304.  1817.     MaoCarlhy,  O.— La  Kabylie  et  lesKabylos.    £tude«  tecmon 
et  etlinograpliiquos.     Three  articles  in  the  Revng  de  I'Orient  et  de  I'Algfilie,  II 
t  i.  p.  345 ;  1848,  t.  ii.  pp.  28  and  137. 

A  remarkable  study,  made  immediately  after  the  c<;'nquest  of  the  i 
and  before  that  of  Kabylla. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA,  2iT 

1805.  1847.  MacCarthy,  O.— Algeric.  La  Presse  Arabe.  El-Mobaclier.  Le 
Noavelliste.    \jo^  p.  297. 

1306.  1847.  BoubidrOy  Henry. — Da  credit  en  AJg^rie.  Gonstantine:  8vo, 
pp.  38. 

Exposing  the  piessmg  need  of  forming  establishments  of  credit  and  reducing 
the  exorbitant  rate  of  interest. 

1807.  1847.  Meiroier  (de  TEure),  Military  Veterinary  Surgeon. — ^Notice  sur  les 
races  d'animauz  domestiques  en  Alg^rie,  extraite  d'un  traits  sur  I'Hygidne,  T^l^ve 
et  Tam^oration  des  animaux  domestiques  en  Alg^rie.  Paris :  8yo,  pp.  87,  with 
lithographic  illustrations. 

1806.  1847.  Pacini,  £.,  Lieutenant  de  vaisseau. — Note  sur  r^tabltssement 
maritime  en  Alg^rie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  31. 

1800.  1847.  Brait,  Fran9oi8.  —  Port  dans  la  Metidja,  capitale  nouvelle^. 
assainissement  de  la  pl^ne,  avenir  de  la  Nouvelle  Franca    Toulon :  8yo. 

1810.  1847.  Alby,  Ernest. — Histoire  des  prisonniers  fran^ais  en  Afrique  depuis 
la  conquSte.    Paris :  8vo,  2  vol.  pp.  332  and  384. 

1811.  1847.  lies  Ksour  du  petit  desert  de  la  province  d'Oran.  Rev.  de 
rOrient  et  de  TAlg^e,  t  ii.  p.  73. 

1812.  1847.    Demiers  efforts  et  soumission  d'Abd-el-Kader.    1.  c,  p.  470. 

1818.    1847.    TTrbain,  I. — Du  gouvemement  des  tribus  en  Alg^rie.    1.  c,  p.  241. 

1814.  1847.  Thomas,  V.,  Chef  de  bataillon.— De  Temploi  des  Arabes  et  de 
leur  r^forme.consid^r^  comme  moyen  de  domination  en  Alg^rie.  Alger:  8v0y 
pp.  113. 

1816.  1847.  Dupuoli,  Mgr.  A.  A.,  first  Bishop  of  Algiers. — Essai  sur  TAlg^e 
Chr^tienne,  Romaine  et  Frangaise.    Turin  :  8vo,  with  ]^ate. 

1816.  1847.    M^rilhon. — Rapport  sur  une  petition  relative  k  TAlgdrie. 

1817.  1847.  Baillet,  ancien  Avou^  k  Rouen. — Reflexions  soumises  au  nom  des 
membres  de  la  Compagnie  Rouenaise  Algdrienoe,  aux  magistrats  composant  la 
Cour  Royale  d' Alger.    Alger :  4to,  pp.  39. 

1818.  1847.    Ideutaud,  E. — ^Projet  de  la  cr^tion  d'un  village. 

1818.  1847.  Marion,  A.,  Magistrat. —  Hippone,  Poeme.  Suivie  de  notes  et 
extraits  contenant  I'opinion  d'un  grand  nombre  d'^rivains  sur  les  principales 
questions  que  souldve  la  colonisation  de  TAlg^rie.  Alger:  4tOy  pp.  vii.  and  249, 
of  which  65  are  devoted  to  the  poem. 

1820.  1847.  Aooaiy,  Alphonse,  ancien  Sous-offioier. — Les  dtrennes  du  Prince. 
Ouvrage  dddi^  k  Mgr.  le  Due  d'Aumale.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  19.    Adulatory  poems. 

1821.  1848.  Fran9oi8-Ijacrouts,  Jean. —  Notes  statistiques  sur  TAlgdrie  et 
considerations  sur  I'origine  et  les  effets  de  la  crise  actuelle,  sur  la  richesse  du 
pays,  sur  la  colonisation,  &c.    Alger:  4to,  pp.  56. 

18S2.  1848.  Boulbon-Baousset. — La  question  des  travailleurs  resolue  par 
la  colonisation  de  I'Alg^rie.    Avignon  :  12mo,  pp.  31. 

1888.  1848.  Happort  sur  radmisston  en  franchise  en  France  des  produits  du  sol 
de  PAlg^rie.  Par  une  Ck>mmission  de  la  Soc.  Agr.  de  I'Alg^rie.  Alger:  4to, 
pp.  12. 

1884.  1848.  De  Torganisation  et  de  Tadministration  municipales  en  Alg^rie.. 
Alger  :  8vo,  pp.  146. 


S18 


I  BIBLI0GF.APU7  OF  .ILGEGIA. 


1356.  1&18.    Bled  de  Braine,   <^-Directeur  Jca  £coles  Arebee. — CM  da  1a 

pronODCiation  des  idiumcs  de  I'Algdrie,  ou  cvuia  61tot^Uire;dBllectiire  srabc. 
Paria,  Aiger:  8vo,  pp.  88. 
1326.    1848.    Question  Algirienne.    Dc  la  colonitatioo.     Questioa   iles  tra- 
vailleurs.    Solution  par  I'Algfric.    liapport  fait  uti  noni  du  Co:nit6  de  Colonisalidii 
i\  U  Soci^le  Algerienne  de  P.uis.     V:<r\i:  8to.  pp.  W. 

This  Society  was  formed  to  aiudy  and  defend  tlie  ictereala  of  Algeria,  and  bb 
coloniaalion  was  llie  moBt  imjurtant  and  pressing  q^ueslion  it  charged  ill 
Cominittoe  to  present  a  complete  project  on  the  subject, 

1357.  184S.  Jacquot,  Dr.  reUx.— Recherehea  BUr  !es  causes  iles  fibres  i 
Quinqiina,  et  eu  particulier  sor  lea  foyers  qui  leur  donncnt  naissoDce  en  Algdrie. 
PariH  :  8vo,  pp.  50. 

1338.  184?.  Qautier-SBint-Au^in.— Le  Pr^sideut  de  la  R^publique.  Alger: 
8vo,  pp.  31. 

This  is  an  attempt  to  give  an  impartial  accountof  the  four  candidates  for  the 
Presidency,  Lamartine,  Ledru-Roliiii,  General  Cavaignac,  and  Louis-Napoleon 
Bonaparl£. 
ISae.    1848.    Berthoud,  Sam.  Henri,  under  thepsendonym  of  Bam.  m-Hioudi 
(the  JewJ.^l^.tiiJe  do  ni(Piini  Blj;criennes.     4  vol. 


1848.    Qronier-Altaroche.  F.— Plan 
!  de  I'AIgdri.-.     Plii!ip|>i?villB  and  Paris ;  8vo. 


de  1 


colonisation  o 


ina  pratiques  et  programme  de  colonisation. 
Preta    jinr    I'litiit   nux 


1331.    1843.    Lanjoulet,  T.— Qiv« 

Oran:  8vo,  pp.  20, 
1882.    1848.    Bouvltoo.— Projei 

Conslantine  ;  8vo. 

1333.  1848.     X>a  Passet,  Capitoine  F. — Memoirea  but  la  colonistttioi 
et  la  colonisation  europeenne,  .'tiiiviea  d'un  projet  Bur  r^tabliasement  de  Siltia  At 
priSroyaiice  pour  les  iribus  arabes,  servant  en  uiStne  temps  do  garau^  do  It 
fid^lit^ — with  a  p!an  of  the  native  vill.ago  of  Ia  Smala  founded  in  1845,  and  of  on 
of  the  houses  in  it.    Alger:  8vo,  pp.  93. 

1334.  1848.     Delignr,  CWndral.— Projet  de  colonisation  des  terrltoires  I 
dans  la  provina:  d'Oran.     Oran :  8vo. 

1386.  1848.  Montgravier,  An^ma  da.  Chef  d'cHcadron  d'Artilleric. — Ui<molra 
aur  I'occupation  de  la  Mauritania  |tar  lea  Komains, 

lliis  work  received  the  Grat  gold  medal  at  the  competition  of  the  AcndemiB 
des  Inscriptions  in  1848. 

1338.     Etudes  de  topographie  historiquea  Bur  la  province  d'Oran, 

de  la  Province  d'Oran,  18iB,  p.  1  tt  teq. 

1337.  1848.  Sftlnt-HUaire,  Amablo  VUain  de.— Appel  il  la  jusUw  du 
peuple.  R6v£lationB  compliitea  et  appujdes  de  preuves  authentiquea  sur  les 
harbaries  du  regime  disciplinaire  d'line  parLie  de  I'lirtnA!  d'Afrique;  le  silo,  la 
flagellation,  la  barre,  leclou,  la  cmpaudine,  &c.     Paris:  IGmo. 

I8Sa    1848.    Bassatio,  le  Prince  Eug.  de,  et  M.  de  Solms.— I 

colonisation  do  Algiriu  imr  1' Association.     Paria:  4lo. 

ISSd.     Lettre  aus  citoyeos  Membre.'!  de  rAssemble'c  Nationalo 

BubjecL     Paris;  4lo,  pp.  4. 


ind^B^^ 
iofow 

-1 

i^molra 

1 

ioe  dii 
lur  les 

^lo,  la 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERLi.  219 

1340.     1848.    Oomit^B  AMoaiiiB   D^partementaux   en   France.     Alger :  8vo, 
pp.  16.    Signed  I.  P — i. 

This  is  a  proposal  to  establish  a  C!ommittee  in  each  Department  of  France 
with  a  corresponding  one  in  each  of  the  three  Provinces  of  Algeria. 

1941.  1848.  Baillety  Ayoud  ^  Rouen. — Reflexions  sur  TAlg^rie,  et  les  moyens  h. 
contribuer  k  sa  colonisation  &  Taide  de  cultivateurs  choisis  dans  le  d^partement 
de  la  Seine-InfSrieure,  et  sar  les  modifications  IL  introdaire  dans  diverses 
ordonnances  qui  r^gissent  cette  colonic.    Paris  and  Ronen :  8vo,  pp.  190. 

1842.  1848.  TSfour,  Alfred. — ^Projct  d'association  nationale  pour  la  colonisation 
de  I'Alg^rie.    Alger :  8vo. 

1S48.  1848.  Prax. — Alg^rie  m^ridionale  on  Sahara  alg^rien.  Tougourt.  Rev. 
de  rOrient  et  de  TAlgdrie,  t.  iv.  p.  129. 

1844.    Le  Souf.    1.  c,  p.  192. 

1845.  1848.    A  Campaign  in  Algiers.    Fras.  Mag.,  vol.  xxxvii.  pp.  525-39. 
Narrates  M.  Bosen's  adventures  as  a  French  soldier,  and  is  founded  on 

*  Bilder  aus  Algier,'  No.  976. 

1846.  1848.  Biohard,  Ch.,  Capitaine  du  G^nie. — Du  Gouvemement  Arabe  et 
de  rinstitution  qui  doit  Texercer.    Alger  :  8vo,  pp.  124. 

1847.    Scenes  de  moeurs  arabes.    8vo. 

1848.    Les  myst^res  du  pcuple  arabe.    18mo. 

1849.  1848.  Iiandmann,  L'Abb^. — ^Appel  k  la  France  pour  la  colonisation 
de  TAlg^rie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  88.— See  also  No.  1678. 

1850.  1848.  Ploreau,  H.,  J.  Buquet  et  Ernest  Iiuce. — De  Torganlsation  des 
ateliers  nationaux,  et  de  leur  application  k  divers  tr^vaux  d'utilit^  publiquc  et 
^  la  colonisation  de  I'Algdrie.    8vo,  pp.  16. 

1861.  1848.  MacCarthy,  Oscar.— Altitudes  de  rAlg^rie.— See  Bull,  dela  Soc. 
G^,  April  1848. 

1852.    1848.    Barest,  Eugene. — ^Abd-el-Kader.    Paris  :  18mo,  pp.  52. 
A  biography  of  the  Emir  of  no  value. 

1858.  1848.  Abd-el-Kader,  Sidi-el-Hadji  Ouled-Mahiddin.— Les  ponies 
d'Abd-el-Eader,  ses  r^lements  militaires.    Paris :  8vOy  pp.  8,  60. 

In  original  Arabic.     Published  in  the  '  Spectateur  Militaire '  by  Qeneral 
Marey-Monge. 

1854.    Histoire  privee,  politique  et  militaire  d'Abd-el-Kader,  depuis  sa 

naissance  jusqu'&  sa  soumission  et  son  arriv^  en  France.    By  Baban.    Paris  : 
18mo. 

1856.    Abd-el-Kader  au  Chateau  d'Amboise.     By  Iffgr.  Dupuoh,  first 

Bishop  of  Algiers. 

1858.  1848.  Abd-el-Kader. — ^Vie,  aventures,  combats,  amours  ct  prise  d'Abd-el- 
ELader,  by  M.  Marie  ain^,  under  the  pseudonym  of  De  Xiamenaire.  Paris : 
12mo,  pp.  48.— See  also  1849  and  1858. 

1857.  1848.    Fomxnier,  Ij.  Am.  V. — L'Alg^rie  ou  la  civilisation  conqudrante. 
A  poem,  to  which  a  prize  was  awarded  by  the  Academic. 

1858.  1848.  Pradier,  C^sar,  Lieutenant  de  vaisseau. — De  TinflueDce  de  la 
marine  ct  du  commerce  sur  la  civilisation  des  Arabes  en  Alg^rie.  Paris :  8vo, 
pp.  8. 


ISeS.    1848. 
Dlidah ;  8vo, 

1868.    1848. 
en  Aig^rie. 
Svo,  ijp.  32. 

1364. 
Sc. 

1848. 
Natur.,  2" 

1866. 

1848. 

220  A  BIBLlOarUPHY  OF  AIX-EIilA. 

ISGO,    1848?    He  I'aocUiuateiiieiit  et  du  k  colani«a,tiDa  en  Alg^rie.     Alger: 

8vo,  pp.  48.     No  ftiithor  or  date. 

The  conclusions  of  the  author  nre :  (1)  ColoQise  immediatoly,  and  as  luuch 
OS  possible ;  (2)  push  on  drninnga ;  (3)  cultivate  as  largely  as  possible. 
1860.    1848.    Dteret  de  rAstsembl^o  Natiouale  du  19  sepbunbre,  et  arrflt^  Riiiu»- 
tiiriel   rendu   Ic  27  da  mSme  mois   en   os6:utiou   du  di^ret   ciilessous.     Parii: 
12mo,  pp.  21. 

This  opens  a  credit  of  fifty  millions  for  the  creation  of  agricultural  coioniea. 
ISSI.    184S.    Wamler,  Dr. — Note  sur  le  caractSre  du  dfiboisement  de  la  pnttie 
cutitTslo  de  la  provinee  de  Constniitiae,  et  aur  leadifGcalt^Bdereboisement.    Appli- 
cation i  la  coloniaation  de  la  valliSe  de  Boo  Merzoug.     CoDstantine:  folio,  litbi^, 
pp.10. 

Pascal,  J.  M.,  InBtitulciir. — Notice   sur   I'induKtrie    de    la  stne. 
>,  pp.  15. 
Memoirs  bot  la  culture  de  nopal  et  VMucation  de  la  cochonilla 
Signed  by  the  perpetual  Secretary  of  tha  Acad^mie  del  Sciecices. 

GtervaiB,  F. — Linte  des  reptiles etdesamphibiesderAlgfrie.    Aim. 

ISote  sur  le  caractero  du  d<5boiscmeat  de  la  partie  centrals  de  la  pro- 
vince doConstautiueet  snrleBdifficult^s  de  reboiseraent.  Application  ft  la  colonua- 
tion  du  la  vall^  de  Qou  Meriioug.     Con:<taatiDc  :  4to,  llthogrophed,  pp.  11. 

1866.  1848.  Quelques  oonsidSrationa  sur  lea  mode*  da  concesaion  de  terret 
umplayfe  en  Alg^rio,  et  sur  l'opportunifj5  d'en  modifier  lea  conditioua.  Alger :  Bvo, 
pp.  12. 

1867.  1848.    Pioot,  J.  B.  C— Colonisation  de  rAigdrie.    Paris :  8vi),  p.  16. 
1868, .  1848.    Acooust  of  the  Blavery  of  Frienda  in  the  Barbnty  Statac 

lowarde  lie  close  of  the  seventeentli  ceotury,  with  some  jiarliculara  of  theexeirtiiai 
of  their  brethreu  at  homo  for  their  redemption,     London :  8vo,  pp.  24. 

1369.  1848.  B«iiou,  S. — G^logie  de  I'Alg^rie,  sccompagn^c  d'une  Notice  min£ralc 
surle  massif  d'Alger,  par  M.  Ravergie.  Eiplor,  Scieulit  de  rAlg^rie.  Paris: 
lar'e'c  4lo,  plates  and  map. 

1370.     RichesaeB   miniiralt^queH   de   I'Alg^rie.     llev.  de  I'Oriont    et  da 

rAlgfirie,  t.  iii. 

— Histoice  naturelle  dea  Molluaques.     Explor. 
vol.  plates.     Paris :  large  4to. 
1S7S.     1848.     Ca.retta,    E. — fitudea  aur  la  Knbylie  proptement  dite.      Esjilor. 
Sciealif.  de  rAlgeric.    Paris ;  2  vol.  4lo,  pp.  459  and  459. 
A  remarkable  ivork,  and  still  most  useful, 
1372a.     1848.    Flandin,  J.  B.~NotJcs  sur  la  prise  de  possession  des  tr&ors  de  la 

WigencB  d'Alger.    Ces  trdsorsont-ila  ^IS  spolifci?    Parciui?  &c.    Paris;  8va 
1373.     1848.    Prdwoat.  P.     Notice  sur  Orloausville.     Paris  :  8vo. 
1874.     1848.     D'ATWae.— Articles  on  Algiers  and  the  Berbers  iu  the  Encyclo- 
]i^die  PittorcBijuc,  JS48, 

1375,  1848.  liavergne,  Ii.  de. — L'AlgiTic  sous  Ic  gouvernemont  n^publiiCSiu. 
Revue  des  dt'ux  Mdiides,  13th  May. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  221 

1376.  184S.  Boner,  Dawson,  F.B.G'.S. — Narrativeof  a  cami)ai^  against  tiie 
Kabailes  of  Algeria,  with  the  mission  of  M.  Suchet  to  the  Emir  Abd-(;1-Kader  for 
an  exchange  of  prisoners.    London :  12mo. — See  also  Quart.  Rev.,  voL  xcix.  p.  33. 

1377.  1848.  AntoninuB  AugostUB. —  Itinerarium  Antonini  Aiigusti.  Ed. 
G.  Parthey  et  M.  Pinder.    Berulini :  8vo. 

137a    1848.    Mahon,  Iiord.— The  Life  of  Belisarius.    London :  8vo,  ])p.  4G0. 

Chapter  iii.  gives  an  account  of  the  conquest  of  Africa  by  the  Vandals,  and 
chapter  iv.  of  the  expedition  of  Belisarius  to  Africa. 

1379.  1848.  liOuiB  Philippe,  Roi  des  Fran^ais. — Lettics  adressdes  mix 
Croavemeurs  de  I'Alg^rie.  Published  by  M.  TaMcboreau  in  the  NouvcUe  Revue 
Retrospective. 

1380.  1848.  Urbain,  lamay.— Alg^rio :  du  gouvernement  des  tribus;  Clirc- 
tiens  et  Musohnans;  Fran9ai8  et  Algdriens.  Paris:  8vo,  pp.  44.  From  the 
Revue  de  l*Orient  et  de  I'Alg^rie,  1847. 

1381.  1848.  Dupuoh,  Ant  Ad.,  Bishop  of  Algiers. — Pastes  Sacr6s  de  TAfrirjUc 
Chi^tienne.    Bordeaux.— See  Nos.  1420, 1477. 

1882.  1848.  Fanr,  Th^odoie. — Charles-Quint  et  TAfrique  Septentrionale. 
D'aprte  les  documents  du  xvi*  si^le. 

1388.  1848.  Bargte,  I'AbM,  Professor  of  Hebrew,  &c.,  in  the  Faculty  of  Paris. 
— ^Aper^u  historique  sur  P^glise  d*Afrique,en  g6n6ral  et  en  particulier  sur  Tfiglise 
^piacopale  de  Tlemcen.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  46. 

1384.  1848.  Iietronne,  J.  Ant. — Deux  inscriptions  votives  d^i^s  au  Soleil 
Mithra,  par  le  pannonien  M.  A.  Sabinus,  trouv^  a  Lambeasa  et  h,  Sitifis.  Paris  : 
4to,  pp.  26. 

1386.  1848.  Iialba-Billiet. — Colonisation  de  I'Algdrie  par  la  crdation  de 
colonies  libres  et  forcdes  sous  la  direction  d*une  mc\6t6  de  bienfaisance.  Alger  : 
folio,  pp.  20,  lithographed. 

1888.  1848.  Simples  Conaeils  d'un  soldat  dcvenu  colon.  Par  im  ancien 
offid^  de  Tarm^  d*Afrique.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  7. 

This  is  an  appeal  in  favour  of  General  Cavaignac  as  President  of  tlie 
Bepublic 

188/.    1848.    Bunau. — Question  des  eaux  d'Alger.    Projet 

1888.    1848.    Deesoliers. — Question  des  eaux  d*Alger.    Projet 

1888.  1848.  Be  I'organisation  et  de  Tadministration  municipales  en  Algeria. 
Alger :  8vo,  pp.  146. 

1890.    1848.    Organisation  de  Tadministration  g^n^rale  de  TAlg^rie. 

1881«  1848.'  Maggiolo,  Henry,  working  carpenter. — Les  50  millions  pour 
PAlg^e ;  rinsnrrection  do  juin,  et  la  pr^sidence  de  la  Rdpublique.  Alger :  8v(), 
pp.  16. 

188&.  1848.  Montagne,  D.  J. — Alger  1847:  Cri  de  la  population  civile. 
Alger:  8vo,  pp.  110. 

Dedicated  to  the  Chambers  of  Peers  and  Deputies.  The  author  protests 
against  what  he  considers  the  lamentable  errors  of  the  Government  of  Algeria, 
and  demands  the  introduction  of  the  common  law. 

X888.  1848.  Fortin  dlvry,  Th. — De  la  crise  actuelle  d*Alger  et  de  sa  fin,  suivi 
de  remaiqu^  sur  la  colonisation.  Paris,  Alger  :  12mo,  pp.  36.  From  the  Rovuc 
de  I'Orient  et  de  rAlg<5rie,  t.  ii.  p.  209  (1847). 


sal 

14S6.    IiUCOB,  H.-^ObKerTationB 
Lc,  May,  p.  457,  with  pUte, 

1486.  1849.    Baillet,  ancieu  Atou6  h  Boucn.- 
del'AlgSrie,    Ilouen. 

1487.  18*9.    Prttx,  aneion  offioier  de  U  MariuE 
Mecque  et  le  Soudan.     PnriB :  Sro,  pp.  32. 

1438.    ia*9.    NouT,  Alfred.— Cobnioa    alg6ri( 

—See  No.  13*3. 
14Se.    1S49.    Notes  snr  k  cceation  il'<!tablift3ements  de  coloniBatioiL 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OK  ALClElttA. 

quelquea  espfees  nonvellea  de  CraitaeSa. 
■Obaervatioiia  sur  la  oolonisaijai 
de  I'Alg^rie  s 
Paris :    12mo,  pp. 


>p.    SO.        I 


1440.  1849.  CcBur  de  Boy. — MemoircB  tecdntit  H  appeler  le  canootira  Uq 
gouvernemtnt  et  ice  admiQistrutioES  deparlementales  pour  I'es&ution  du  projet 
d'^Iablisstinent  ea  .\lg£rie  de  8G  colonlDH  tigrieolea  et  indiutrielles  sous  k  domiui- 
tlon  de  coloniea  d^paitemeoiales.    Al^er :  Hva,  pp.  16. 

1441.  1849.  Fecheux-Herbeiiville.  Chef  du  wrvice  dcs  Poiits.et^Ch4ns0£e& — 
Notes  siir  la  ctdation  d'^talili^sements  de  colouitalion  en  Algfrie.  FoatuneUcBU  : 
8vo,  pp.  67. 

1442.  1849.  Oiaoobbi,  Conwiller  A  la  Cour  d'Appel. — TiiBtallation  du  Tribunal 
de  Ptemifire  Instauoe  1  Cunsiantiot?.    Algar ;  8to,  pp.  36. 

1443.  1849.  8ooi6t6  d'AericuIture  d'Alger.— 1'he  first  number  of  the  BnUetin 
of  this  Soctaty  wn-s  published  at  the  beginning  of  the  year. 

1444.  1S49.  Sagot  (de  Nontilly).— Do  k  Boukugerie  et  des  Fours  Banntix  k 
Alger.    Alger :  8?o,  p[>.  112. 

1445.  1849,  Statuta  du  eomioo  ftRricole  de  k  province  d'Alger.  ,  Alger :  8vo, 
pp.  32.     Signed  by  Ihe  Pr&ident  Bor^ly  de  k  Sftpie. 

1446.  1849.  Bod^  de  Bienf^aance  |>oiir  l'i.'xtinctioQ  du  paop^rismc  ea 
France  par  la  colonisation  de  I'Aigin'ie. — Itapjiort  de  k  commission  cbargAi  du 
printer  nit  projet  d'or^anisittion  de  oolonies  agricoles,  compost  de  families 
pauvres  et  d'orphelius.    8vo,  pp,  37, 

1447.  1849.  Bouaaeau,  Alphoiue. — Extrait  de  rhiatoire  de  k  dynsfitie  dr« 
Beni  Hafsa  pai-  Aboo  Abdulla  JlobnnuniKl  ben  Ibrahim  ol-Lowlowi  el-Zetkeschi. 
Paris!  8vo,  pp.  Ql.    (Jrigiual  Arabic  and  French  translation. 

1448.  1849.  MesBager,  Dr.  Ch. — Des  principaks  regies  hygi^niqncs  &  eitivie 
ponr  la  conservation  duksantfidnsoldaten  Afrique.  TbSse  present Se  et  pnbliqoe- 
ment  sontcnue  it  la  Faculty  do  Mfiiecine  A  Moiitpellier.    MoutpeUier:  4ti^  pp. SSL 

1448,  1649.  Jubfan,  Alfred.— Aroudj-I'arberousse:  drameen troiaactes.  Pi^- 
formed  at  the  Theatre  of  Algiers,     Alger :  Jto,  pp.  19. 

1460,  1849.  Guyon.  Paul,  MUlot,  Drs.- Instructionssiir  les  moyens  pr&cr- 
vftti&  dn  choKra  &  I'usagc  dca  habitans  de  I'Alg^rie.     Alger :  12iUo,  p[v  13. 

14BI.  1849,  Boaldtd-Angevine  sur  k  creation  du  village  de  Muce  ct  Loire  kit, 
Rassanta.    Angers :  ISmo,  pp.  TG. 

14Ca.    1849.    Biohard,  Cbarles,  CHpitainc  dn  Gvuic— De  Vesprit  de  la  U 
tion  Uusulmane.     Alger :  12nio,  pp,  31. 

He  strongly  recommends  the  njarringc  of  Prencti  men  with  Arab  women.  ^ 
1463*    1819.    Bejrbaud,  Iionie,  llepicsentant  dn  peiiple,  BapporCeiti. — Bapport 


Loire  ^la       | 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  223 

1412.  1849.  Bodiohon,  Xhig. — Sujet  d'une  exploratioa  politique,  commerciale 
et  scieDtifique  d*Alger  k  Tombouctou  par  le  Sahara.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  56,  map. 

1418.  1849.  Delamarre. — ^Note  sur  an  bas-relief  trouv^  k  Jemila  (Guicalum). 
Paris:  8vo. 

1.414.  1849.  Foiimel,  Mar.  Jer.  H.,  Cbef  de  service  des  Mines. — Hichesse 
min^rale  de  I'Alg^rie.    Paris :  4to. 

1416.  1849.  Filliaa,  Aoh.  Et— £tudes  sur  I'Algdrie.  Questions  du  jour.  Paris, 
Alger :  8vo,  pp.  81. 

141^  1849.  Ben-Aknoun,  Maison  d*apprentissage  pour  les  orphelins,  par  le 
Docteur  A.  T.  .  .  .    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

1417.  1849.  lie  Fays  de  Boiujolly,  O^ntod  Jean  Alexandre. — Colonies 
agriooles  de  TAlg^rie.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  39. 

1418.  1849.  Sooi^t^  de  Bienikisanoe,  pour  rextinction  de  paup^risme  en  France 
par  la  colonisation  de  TAlg^rie.    Alger :  18mo. 

1419.  1849.  Bupaoh,  Mgr.,  formerly  Bisbop  of  Algiers. — ^Abd-el-Eadir  au 
chftteau  d'Amboise.  D^i^  k  M.  Louis  Napol^n  Bonaparte,  Pr^ident  de  la 
B^publique  Fran9aise.    Bordeaux :  8to. 

14a0.    Pastes  sacr^  de  I'Afrique  chr^tienne.    Bordeaux :    4  vols.  8vo. 

Commenced  in  1848.— See  Nos.  1381, 1477. 

14S1.  1849.  Favy,  Iiouis  Antoine  Augustas,  £vdque  d' Alger. — ^Mandement 
pour  le  carSme  de  Pan  1849  et  k  I'oocasion  de  la  fondation  des  colonies  agriooles, 
et  de  rdrection  des  nouvelles  paroisses.    Alger :  4to,  pp.  12. 

Du  mode  de  gouvemement  en  Alg^rie.    Paris :  8vo. 


1428.  1849.  Walsin-Esterhazy,  G^^raL — ^Notice  historique  sur  le  Magbesen 
d'Oran.    Oran :  870,  p.  409. 

I486.    1849.    F^tition  des  employ^  du  Service  ColoniaL 

J.4S8.  1849.  Jaoquot,  Dr.  F^liz. — Exp^ition  du  G^n^ral  Cavaignac  dans  le 
&hara  alg^rien  en  avril  et  mai  1847.  Relation  du  voyage ;  exploration  scien- 
tifique,  souvenirs,  impressions,  &c.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  335,  map  and  5  litbograpbs. 

1427.  1849.  Jaoquot,  Dr.  F61iz,  et  M.  Topin,  Cbef  de  bataillon.— De  la 
colonisation  et  de  racclimatement  en  Alg^rie.  Paris :  8yo,  pp.  121.  From  tbe 
Spectateur  Militaire. 

1488.  1849.  Fonroy,  Arthur. — Le  Mar^cbal  Bugeaud.  Bdcit  des  cbamps,  des 
camps  et  de  la  tribune.    Paris :  18mo,  pp.  116.    See  also  No.  1607. 

1489.  1849.  Houry,  C.  B. — Du  gouvemement  des  Arabes.  Despotisme  et 
tjrannie  des  cbefs  indigenes  en  Alg^rie.    Paris :  8vo. 

1480.  1849.  Canton,  A. — ^Appel  supreme  de  TAlg^rie  k  Tassemblde  nationale. 
Marseille:  4to. 

1481.  1849.  Montgravier,  Az^ma  de. — ^Lettre  au  President  de  la  K^publique. 
Oran :  8vo,  pp.  13. 

1482.    2*  Lettre  k  M.  le  President  de  la  R^publique,  pp.  30. 

1488.  1849.  Iiuoas,  H. — Observations  sur  les  L^pidoptdres  des  genres  Papilio, 
-^tbocbaris,  Cigarites  et  Cerocala  qui  habitent  les  possessions  frangaises  da  nord 
^^  I'Afrique.    Ann.  de  la  Soc.  Entom.  de  France,  June,  p.  83,  with  plate. 

^^^     Observations  sur  nn   nouveau   genre  de  Tordre  des  D^podes 

'^crxmres  appartenant  k  la  tribu  des  Pendens.    L  c.,  Feb.,  p.  216|  with  plate. 
^^^  XX.  Q 


A  BiBLiOGrapny  ok  alceuu. 


I  aui  quelquea  esp£ces  noavelles  de  Cnutieft. 

1  Avone  a  Boucn,— Observations  sur  la  coloiusslion 


1486.  IiUQU,  H.— Obscrvnlio 
Lc,  May,  p,  457,  with  plate, 

1436.    1849,    SaiUQt.  a 
de  i'Algdrie.    Konen, 

1487.  1849.    Prax,  ancien  ofBoier  de  la  Marine. — Commerce  de  1' Algeria  airec  li 
Mecque  et  le  Soudan,     Taris:  Sto,  pp.  32. 

1438.    1849.    Hour,  Alfred.— Colonics    algdrieuneB.     Paris:    12mo,  pp.    251. 

—See  No.  1342. 
1430.    1S49.    Notes  siir  la  cr^tioa  d'^tablUsemente  de  colonuation  en  AlgAie. 

8vo. 
1440.     1849.    Omur  de  Hoy.- Mui 

gouvemement  ct  des  ml  m  Ini  strati  on  h 

d'^lablUsement  en  Algiirie  de  SG  culoi; 

tlon  de  colonies  d^partemeutalei*.     Al] 


loires  teodant  tk  appeler  le  concours  <lu 
depart eraentales  pour  VeiSciition  du  projot 
lea  agricoles  et  induatrieUes  boos  la  domica- 
er ;  8vo,  pp,  16. 

dea  Ponls-et-Chhussfiw. — 
Alg^rie.    FuntBluebleaii : 


1441.  1849.  Peoheux-Herbentrllle,  Chef  du  servi 
Hotea  3iii  la  cr&ition  d'dtabti&seiiicnts  de  culonisation 
8vo,  pp.  57. 

1442.  1849.  Oiaoobbl,  ConBeillcr  h  la  Cour  d'Appel.— Installation  du  Tribaiial 
do  Premiere  Instance  i  Ctmatantine.     Alger :  8vo,  pp.  30. 

1443.  1849,  Booi6t6  d'Agriculture  d'Alger.— The  first  number  of  tbe  Bullptin 
of  this  Society  waa  pviblialitd  at  the  beginning  of  the  yeir. 

1444.  1849,  Sagot  (de  NantiUy).- De  la  Boulaugerie  ct  des  Fours  Bssaui  k 
Alger,    Algor :  Hto,  pp.  113. 

1446.  1849,  Btatuts  du  cornice  a«,Ticole  de  la  province  d'AIger. .  Alger :  8to, 
pp.  32,     Signed  by  tbe  President  Borfly  de  la  Sapie. 

1446.  1849.  SoolM^  de  BienlMsance  i>otiT  IViLtinctLon  dn  panpdrisme  en 
France  par  la  colonisation  de  TAIgt'iie. — Itapjiort  de  la  commission  cbaigA  de 
pr&enter  nn  projet  d'oriianisalion  de  colooies  agricoles,  compoafes  de  families 
pauTies  et  d'orpbelins.    8vo,  pp.  37. 

1447.  1849.  BouBseau,  Alphonee. — Extrait  de  rhistoire  de  la  dynastle  des 
Beni  Hafsa  par  Aboo  Abdulli  Mcihnmmoil  ben  Ibrahim  el-Lowlowi  el-Zerkescbi 
Pane;  Bvo,  pp.  51.     Uriginal  Arabic  and  French  translation. 

1448.  1849.  UesBHger,  Hi.  Cb. — Des  principales  riiglcs  Iiygi^niqacs  H  anim 
pour  la  conservation  delasantfdnsoldatcn  Afrique.  Thise  pr^sent^  ct  piibh'qu»- 
ment  Hratenue  i,  la  Fncnltii  do  M^decine  ^  Montpeltier.    Moutpellier :  4lo,  pp.  S3. 

1448,  1849.  Jubien,  Alfred.— Aroudj-fnibcrousse:  draniccn troisactea.  Fer- 
fonned  at  tbe  Theatre  of  Algiers,     Alger:  4 to,  pp.  19. 

1460.  1849,  Guyon,  Paul,  Millot,  Dra.- Instructions  snrles  moyens  jw&cr- 
vati^  du  cholera  iL  I'usago  dca  hnbltans  de  I'Algerie.     Algur :  ISmo,  p)).  12. 

14S1.  1849.  SocWte-Angevine  sur  la  creation  du  village  de  Maine  et  Loire  ft  U 
Baaaanta,    Angers:  ISmo,  pp.  7G. 

14fi2.  1849.  Biobard,  Charles,  Cipitaiue  du  Giiniu.— Do  I'esprit  de  la  l^sla- 
tion  Musulmane.    Alger :  12ino,  pp,  31. 

Ho  strongly  recommenda  tha  marriage  of  French  men  with  Amb  women. 

146SL    1849,    B^bnod.  Iiooia,  lieprdsentant  du  peuple,  Sapportenr, — Bapport 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  225 

fait  k  M.  le  Mioistre  de  la  Guerre  par  la  commission  d'inspection  des  colonies  agricoles 

de  PAlgdrie.    Paris :  4to,  pp.  75. 

The  commission  visited  Algiers  during  the  hottest  part  of  the  year,  and 
inspected  forty-two  of  the  principal  colonies  in  the  three  provinces,  many  of 
which  were  anything  but  prosperous.  A  very  valuable  record  of  what  Algeria 
was  at  the  time. 

1464.  1849.  BerlieTy  H.,  Gapitaine  des  Zouaves. — Nouveau  projet  de  loi  sur  le 
recmtcment.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  89. 

1455.  1849.  Bonifiskce,  Armand. — France  et  Alg^rie :  petit  pamphlet,  ou  Yingt 
jours  avant  les  Elections  de  TAlg^rie  en  1849.    Alges :  8vo,  pp.  24. 

The  author  recommends  his  fellow-citizens  to  elect  as  their  representative  the 
person  the  most  devoted  to  the  **  R^publique  d^mocratique  et  sociale  1  '*  and 
suggests  Br.  Bodichon. 

1456.  1849.    "Ft.  •  •  • «— Le  G^ndral  Chaogamier.    Paris :  8vOy  pp.  47. 

1457.  1849.  Organisation deradministrationg^n^rale en Alg^ric.  Alger:  Svo, 
pp.  19. 

This  decree,  signed  by  General  Gavaignac,  '*charg6  de  pouvoir  ex^cntif,^  and 
countersigned  by  General  de  La  Morici^re,  Minister  of  War,  bears  date 
16th  December,  1848,  and  was  promulgated  by  Prince  Louis  Napoleon, 
Preadent,  8th  February,  1849. 

1458.  1850.  Berbmgger,  A. — ^Projet  d'exploration  dans  la  deuxi^me  ligne  des 
oasis  algdriennes,  par  Gab^  Souf,  Tougourt,  Ouargla,  Gol^  Touat  et  retour  par 
Hetlili  ei  le  Ouadi  M'zab.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  3. 

2458,    La  grande  Eabylie  sous  les  Romains. 

1460.  ■  Les  ^poques  de  la  grande  Kabylie:  tableau  historique  de  cette 
Gontr^e,  depnis  P^poque  romaine  exclusivement,  jusqu'^  nos  jours.  Paris  :  ISmo, 
with  map  by  M.  0.  MacCarthy. 

1461.  1850.  Joanne,  Ad.  Iiaiir. — ^Un  mois  en  Afrique.  Article  extracted  from 
the  Illustration  Fran^aise. 

1468.    Voyage  en  Afrique.    Bruxelles :  18mo. 

1468L  1850.  Bonaparte,  Pierre  Kapol6on. — Un  mois  en  Afrique.  Paris: 
8v0y  pp.  122. 

1464.  1850.  Iieaves  firom  a  Iiady's  Journal  of  her  travels  in  Barbary. 
London :  2  vols.  8vo,  pp.  285  and  281. 

1465.  1850.  Quichenot,  A. — Histoire  naturelle  des  Reptiles  et  des  Poissons. 
Explor.  Sdentif.  de  TAlgdrie.    Paris :  large  4to. 

1486.  1850.  Del  am  are.  Ad.  H.  Ii.,  Chef  d'escadron. — Arch^logie  de  I'Alg^rie. 
Explor.  Sclent,  de  I'Alg^rie.    Paris :  large  4to,  193  plates. 

Most  valuable  illustrations  of  Algeria,  but  no  text  was  ever  published. 

1467.    Rccherches  sur  I'ancienne  ville  de  Lamb^.    Inscriptions  antiques 

recueillies  (par  le  mSme)  sUr  la  route  de  Gonstantine  k  Lamb^sc,  dans  cette  demi^rc 
ville  et  auz  environs,  avec  des  notes  explicatives  par  M.  L<5on  Bonier.  Paris :  8vo, 
plates. 

1468.  1850.  Jxisaf,  G^n^al,  bom  in  Elba,  at  one  time  a  slave  at  Tunis,  sub- 
sequently a  General  of  Division  in  the  French  Army. — La  Guerre  en  Afrique. 
Paris:  8vo,  pp.  140';  2nd  edition  in  1851. 

1488.  1850.  lie  Fays  de  Bouijolly,  O^n^ral  Jean  Alex.— Du  mode  de 
goavemement  en  Alg^rie.    Paris :  8vo. 

Q  2 


I  DIBLIOGRAPIIY  OF  ALGERIA. 

I  Alg^rie.    Anonjme. 


1471.     185(1.    ApulsiuB,  IiuoiuB.— (Euvres  eomplitps.    Paris : 

147S.    1S60.    Bozet  et  Oaretta,  Capitainea  du  6£aie.— Alg^ric    In  L'Univcrs, 

histoiro  et  description  de  ti)us  Ics  peuplcs.     Paris;  Svo,  pp.  1-347,  map,  1! 

illustralions. 
1478.    1850.    Dugat,  Ouatave. — Pr^is  historique  at  ataUaliqiie  dea  oolocio 

a^colea  ^tabtice  en  Franco  et  ec  Algcrie.    Paris. 

1474.  1850.  Pontier,  H-,  MiMocin  dea  Annies. — SouveniradcrAlg£rie,oaDotici: 
sor  Orlfemsvilk  et  Tends.     Valeuciennes :  12mo,  pp.  78  and  map, 

1475.  1850,    Boucher  de  Perthea. — Constantine.    Conaiantino:  8to. 

1476.  1850.    Paulmiar. — Diclionaaire  frWD^sis-arabc  (idiome  parlS  e 
Palis :  12mt).    Other  editiooB  in  1860  .lad  1872,    The  last,  pp.  xx.  and  SliT^ 

1477.  1850.    Dnpuoh,  Mgr.  A.  A.,  first  BUhup  of  Algi era.— Pastes  s 
I'AfriqUfl  Chretien ne.     Paris:  8vo. 

This  work  was  never  entirely  finished.    See  Nos.  l.ISI,  H20. 

1478.  1850.    Portin  dlvry, — Coutmnes  de  la  cultnre  arabe;  aper^usnrlf 
et  coutumea  n^ricules  dea  Ambes,  auivia  de  conaide'ratious  gijadrales.     Svo. 

147B.  1850.  Bertherand,  Dr.  S.  Ii.— Du  traitement  dea  Givres  intennittmitH 
en  Algdrie,    Alger:  Svo,  pp.  49, 

1480.    NiSvralgic  ooulairc  iSpiflfimique  observee  h  Teuiet  el  Hnad.    Alger: 

Svo,  pp.  8.     From  the  Revue  de  Progr6a  do  I'Alg^rie. 

1481.     De  I'emploi  th6rapeutique  dea  eaux  femigineusea  de  TenieUel-Hiil 

Paris :  12mo,  pp.  8.   From  tlie  Revue  Sclentifique  et  Administrative  des  M^eciiu 
des  arm^  do  t^rre  et  de  mer,  Noo.  10  aod  11. 

1483.  1B50.  d'Hautpool,  Qinfiral,  Itepn^ntout  du  peupic,  Q<ravemea^ 
g^n^ra!  de  I'Algdric. — Rappart  oi  projet  de  loi  sur  I'organisation  dfs  poiivoin  en 
Alg^rie,  adrcBscs  nu  Miiiiatre  de  la  Gui'ire.    Paris :  4to,  pp.  24. 

1488,  1860.  Bapporta  odreB^ds  h  M.  le  Pn^denl  de  la  lUpablique  )ar  le 
Ministrodela  Guerre  (M.d'Haotpoul),  1°  Snr  lea  opdratioiis  militaireacn  Alg^ric 
2°  Sur  la  coloDisation,  6  Bo&t  et  12  scjitembre  1850,  Paris:  Svo,  pji.  70.  See 
also  liev,  de  I'Orient,  de  I'Alg.  ct  dea  Colon.,  t,  viii,  pp.  129  and  188. 

1484,     Rapjiort  but  I'inalruction  publiquo  en  Algfirie.     1,  c,  t,  viii.  p.  210, 

1486.  1850.  lEontaene,  D.  J.,  aocien  Administrateut. — De  la  rtiducljon  da 
rentes  domaniales  en  Alg^rie,     Blidah :  12mo,  pp,  24, 

1480.  1850,  Bichardson.  Jamea.  —  Routea  du  Sahara,  Itio^raire*  dans 
I'intirieur  du  grand  ddsort  d"Afrique,  Paris:  8vo,  pp,  28,  From  the  Bull  do  la 
iioc.  de  G6og.,  Feb.,  March  and  Aug,  Translated  from  the  English  repwt 
■ddresaed  by  the  author  to  tlio  F.  0.  in  1345-6  by  H.  Albert  Mont^mont. 

1487.  1650.  B«Tue  du  Progr^  de  rAlgfirie,— Commenced  at  Algien  in 
January.    Published  every  two  mouth*. 

The  first  number  gives  iho  composition  of  the  PurUameutaTy  Conuuittcc 
appoiote!  to  revise  Algerian  ie^slaiioa 
1487a.    1850  ?    CastanKt.— Ddgr£vemeut  des  nates  on  Algeria.     No  dat«  or 
place. 

1488.  ISrO.    MceUTfi  et  coutumos  de  rAlg^rto.     Kabylic.    I.  c,  pp.  59  el  le-j. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  ALGERIA.  227 

14W.  1850.  OareUa*  Napol^n,  Ing^nieur  en  chef  des  Mines.  —  Notice 
mindialogiqne  sur  la  province  d*Alger.    Alger :  8vo^  pp.  50. 

1480.  1850.  Bapport  &  la  Soci^t^  d'Agriculture  d'Alger  sur  deox  broohnres 
(18i8-49)  de  M.  Alfred  Nonr  contenant  le  ddveloppement  d'un  projet  d'assodation 
nationale  poor  la  colonisation  de  I'Alg^rie.    Alger :  4to,  pp.  4,  doable  coL 

1491.  I860.  Dieazaide,  Viotor,  Avocat. — De  la  colonisation  et  des  institutions 
civiles  en  Alg^rie.    Oran:  8yo. 

A  brochure  on  the  subjects  then  under  consideration  of  a  Parliamentary 
Committee. 

149S.  1850.  Cabanillag,  N. — Notes  snr  Futility  des  comptoirs  nationaux 
d'esoompte,  sur  la  n^cessit^  de  conserver  k  la  France  cette  institution  de  cr^t  et 
sur  les  services  qu'ils  peuvent  rendre  k  TAlg^rie.    Alger :  8vo^  pp.  21. 

1486.  1850.  IdfiUBaou*  A.,  Ing^nieur^-— ]^tude  sur  les  Ports  de TAlg^rie.  Paris: 
8vOy  pp.  107,  16  maps.  A  second  edition  published  in  1877.  Printed  by  the 
D^partement  de  la  Guerre. 

1484.  1850.  Dubooq,  Ing^nieur  des  Mines. — Extrait  du  Ck)mpte  Rendu  du 
Service  des  Mines  dans  la  province  de  Constantine,  et  analyse  d'un  mineral 
d'antimoinCy  par  M.  £.  Cumenge.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  26.  From  the  Annales  des 
Mines,  t.  xz.  p.  37. 

I486.  1850.  Pasayy  Repr^sentant  du  peuple. — Eapport  sur  un  projet  de  loi 
portant  organisation  du  gouvemement  et  de  radmiuistration  de  I'Alg^rie.  Paris : 
.8vo,  pp.  48. 

1486.  1850.  Iiapasset,  Ferdinand,  Capitaine  d'!£tat-majof.  — -  Aper9U  sur 
Torganisation  des  indigenes  dans  les  territoires  militaires,  et  dans  les  territoires 
civiles.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  47. 

1487.  1850.  Biohard,  Ch.,  Oapitaine  de  G4nie. — ^De  la  civilisation  du  people 
arabe.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  68. 

Scdnes  de  moeurs  arabes.    18mo. 


1488.    1850.    BaiUety  Avou^. — R^flexious  sur  la  colonisation  de  I'Alg^rie  k  I'aide 

des  enfants  trouvds  on  abandonn^  termiu^es  par  une  petition  aux  autorit^  de  la 

Seine-lnf(^6ure  pour  obtenir  I'envoi  de  24  enfants  de  lliospice  de  Rouen  dans 

les  €tablissements  agricoles  crd^s  dans  le  voisiuage  d'Alger.    Rouen :  8vo,  pp.  60. 

The  Department  of  the  Seino-Inf^rieure  is  more  connected  with  Algeria  than 

many  others,  as  it  sends  its  manufactures  to  a  considerable  extent,  and  is  directly 

interested  in  the  prosperity  of  the  colony. 

1600.  1850.  BoiwiUe,  Carlos  de. — France  et  Alg^rie.  Pithiviers  (Loiret): 
8vo,  pp.  83. 

A  work  of  no  value. 

1501.  1850.  Pothier,  Alfired. — De  Tinfluence  des  exploitations  de  mines  sur 
la  colonisation  de  I'Alg^rie.  Paris:  8vo,  pp.  viii.  and  81,  with  a  plan  of  the 
metalliferous  district  of  Blidah. 

The  author  gives  an  account  of  the  ancient  and  modem  colonisation  of 
Algeria,  and  of  the  district  contained  in  the  map,  including  the  mines  of 
Houzaia. 

1602.  1850.  Hardy,  A.—- Culture  du  Nopal,  l^ducation  de  la  Cochcnille  en 
Alg^rie.    Alger:  8vo,  pp.  24. 

X608.    Instructions  sur  la  culture  du  Ck>ton  en  Alg^rie.    Alger:  18mo, 

pp.  12. 


328  A  BIBUOGRAFUf  OF  ALGERIA. 

ISOl.    1850.    Hardy,  A. — Rapport  sot  rinduistrie  eiSricicole  en  Alg^e  ai 

Prefet,     Alger;  8vo,  pp.  15. 
IfiOS.    NoticB  BUT  k  culture  dea  Pins.    Alger ;  no  date 

1606.    Catalogue  des  v^giJtaux  cultiv^s  &  la  p^pini^re  ceutrale  dn  gouven»- 

meot  &  Alger.  Alger:  llo,pp.81.  Thig  is  preceded  bj- a  'Note  clmiatologi<]ne 
eat  I'AlgSrie  au  poiat  de  vue  ft^ioole,'  by  Mr.  Hardy,  and  a  Itepoit  oa  this 
tDemoir  made  by  the  Acad^mie  dee  Suieaccs  Katurelles  of  France, 

1607.  1850.  Suranton,  Clief  de  la  toissiOD  dea  Tabocs  ea  AlgiSrie. — Instructiouj 
sue  la  culture  du  Taboo.    Alger;  8vo,  [ip.  24. 

1606.  18u0.  iMatotre-'UL^aara.y,  Fr^fet. — Consoils  au  coIoqh  ear  la  culture  de 
plastcs  et  des  grninea  nlimeataires  eC  induatrleUes  qui  ae  sSmcnt  aus  printempa  ct 
qui  peuveut  eupplfer  aux  cereales.     Al^er;  8vo,  pp.  12, 

1600.  1860.  Supin,  Charles. — Rapport  lait  au  nom  dc  la  commiaaioD  charge 
de  pruaenler  \es  priocipBlea  loiB  pardcoli^ea  iL  I'Alg^rie,  aur  un  projet  du  lot  qui 
doit  rfigler  Ic  commerce  de  I'Algdrie  avec  la  France  et  IVtrasgsr,  Paris :  Svo, 
pp.46. 

1610.  1850.  Frax,  charge  d'une  misaion  par  qtiatrea  Minist^rea  fran^is. — Coni- 
merce  de  I'Algtrie  avec  la  Mocque  et  ie  Soudan.    Alger :  Svo, — See  also  No.  1437. 

1611.     R^giie  vfg^tat.     Plantes  de  Couatantine,  de  Batna,  de  Uiakra,  de 

Souf,  da  Tougourt,  &c,     Bev.  de  rOricnt,  de  I'Alg.  ct  dea  Colonies,  t.  i 

I61S,     1850.     Dutrone. — Rapport  dc  la  Commission   des  Colouiea  Agrico 

I'Algdrie.     Svo. 
1613.     1850.     Qiieanoy,  Hr.  F. — Coup  d'lsil  aur  la  subdivision  dc  UCnc 

surtout  ^  sou  (<cat  cliroatdriquo  ct  I'influence  c^uo  cet  ctat  exerce  aur  lea  progr^  de 


ooloniaalion. 


CantoiL — Alg^rie.    Industrie  des  huilea,  Rer.d'Orient,  de  1' 


— Excuraion  de  Tlemaen  il  Itacbgonn. 

BouSjerar.   Lc. 


des  Colonica,  t.  vin.  pp.  131 
1616.    1850.    UacCarthy,   Oaoax,- 
pp.  147  c(  ""J. 

1616.    LettrsB  aur  lea  antiq^uit^s  de  la  province  d'Oran. 

p.  270. 

1617.    K'aar  H'announ.    lc,  p^SSl.    The Kaar of  Hanno, a Oartliaginiaii 

city, 

1618.  1850.    Lavollte,  C. — L'Aeeeinble'a  KaltOQale  et  I'Algdrie.    I.  a,  p.  9 
1618.    1850.     Colleville,  A.  de. — Histoiro    de    I'ancienue   L^on    6tr 

ordie  en  1831,  licciiciee  en  1838.     Paris ;  8vo,  pp.  xvi.  and  510,  with  map. 
1680.     1850.    Haapel,   Dr.    Aug.— Maladies   de    I'Algfirie,  dea    causes,    de   la 

symptomatologU',  do  la  nature  et  du  traitcment  dea  maladies  eodSmo-fpiddmiqaM 

dc  la  province  d'Orau.    Paris :  2  vol.  8to,  pp.  400  and  441.  ^^ 

1621.    1850.    Buuugny,  O^n^ral  da. — Do  I'dtabliasemont  de  colonies  miUtlj 

Kaballcs  en  Alg6ric.    8vo. 
16Sla.     1850.     JHoaien,  Ii. — Notes  aur  la  question  alg^rienuc.     Svo. 
162S.     1860.    Foiimel,  Henry,  lugdnieur  en  chef  des  Ml nea.^ — Richesse  miniralp 

de   I'A^^ie,   accomjiagode   d't'cIaLrciaaemeiita  histoTiquea   et   gfograpbiqucs  tax 

cette  inrtie  de  I'Afrique  septentrionale,  vol,  L. 

A  report  of  thia  wna  made  ky  a  Committee  of  the  Academy  (1 


P.S^_ 

icoli^^^l 

lo  n\x^^ 
igrha  de 

1 

r.   Lc, 
aginian 

de  la 

1 

r  (H^ricouf^H 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHr  OP  ALGERIA.  229 

Thury,  Rapporteur).    See  Rev.  de  TOrLent,  de  TAlg.  et  des  Colonies,  t.  viii. 
p.  23. 

1523.  1851.  BenieTy  JAon. —  Premier  rapport  de  .  .  .  en  mission  dans  la 
proiriooe  de  Gonstantine,  pour  la  recherche  des  monuments  6pigraphiques.  See 
Archives  des  Missions  Scientifiques,  vol.  ii.  p.  169. 

1524.  ■  ■  Deuxi^me  rapport    1.  c,  p.  217. 

Troisidme  rapport.    1.  c,  p.  435. 


1526.    Quatridme  rapport.    1.  c,  p.  473. 

Z527.     1851.    Tableau  des  distances  l^gales  entre  di verses  localit^s  de  TAlg^rie. 
Alg^ :  Imp.  du  Goavem. 

1851.  Martin,  A.  E.  Victor,  et  Ii.  E.  Foley. — Histoire  statistiquc  de  la 
colonisation  alg^enne  au  point  de  vue  du  peuplcment  et  de  I'hygic^ne.  Ouvrage 
couronne  par  rinstitut  de  France.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  356. 

1851.  DauxnaSy  Jos.  Eng.  —  Les  chevaux  du  Sahara.  Paris:  8vo, 
pp.384 

Greneral  Daumas  acted  as  Consul  of  France  at  Mascara  with  Abd  el-Eadir 
from  1837  to  1839,  and  was  subsequently  attached  to  the  Bureau  de  la  Guerre 
at  Paris.  He  wrote  many  valuable  works  and  papers  on  North  Africa.  See 
Rev.  de  rOrieot,  de  I'Alg.  et  des  Colonies,  t.  x.  pp.  261-72.  A  second  edition 
was  published  in  1886,  pp.  544. 

1  ^380.    1851.    CauBsade,  de. — Notice  sur  les  traces  de  Toocupation  romaine  dans 
le  province  d* Alger.    Orleans  :  8vo, 

3L  ^331.    1851.    Iiaiijoulet,  Th^o. — Lc  commerce  en  Alg^rie,  notes  sur  le  peuple- 
iiient  utile  de  TAfrique  Iranfaise.    Avec  une  carte.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  206. 

1^»82.    1851.    Exposition  XJniverselle  de  Iiondres. — Rapport  de  M.  Fl^chey, 
n)el^gu6  de  la  Chambre  de  Commerce  d'Algor.    Alger :  4to,  pp.  11. 

1^^    1851.    Dumas,  Alexandre. — Le  V61oce,  ou   Tanger,  Alger  et  Tunis. 
^Piris :  2  voL  8vo. 

-^^^    1851.    Koirfontaine,  Madame  Pauline  de. — ^Impressions  africaines; 
Retire  k  Monsieur  L^on  Gozlan.    Bourges :  8vo,  pp.  16. 

^^36.    1851.    Bodiohon,  Dr.  Eug. — Hygidne  ^  suivre  en  Alg^rie.  Acclimatation 

^les  £arop6ens.    Alger :  12mo,  pp.  29. 
J- 53^    Disparition  des  Musulmans  soumis  au  pouvoir  et  au  contact  des 

^hr^tiens.    Rev.  de  I'Orient,  de  I'Alg.  et  des  Colonies,  t.  x.'pp.  35-40. 

^^T.     1851.    IiavoU^,  C— Letter  on  the  above  article.    I.e.,  pp.  102-7. 

^^^3.  1851.  Beoueil  de  traits  d'agriculture  et  d'hygi^e  Ik  l*usage  des  colons 
^^  PAlg^rie,  public  par  ordre  du  Ministre  de  la  Guerre  (avec  le  concours  de 
^^tf.  Hardy,  les  Drs.  Martin  et  Foley,  de  Bernis,  Roy,  Duranton,  et  les  Drs. 
^*Oron20  et  Brauwers).    Alger :  12mo. 

^^^**.    1851.    Dareste  delaCbavanne. — ^Delapropri^t^enAlg^rieyCommentaire 
^^    la  loi  da  17  juin  1851.     Paris :  18mo. 

^^^^     1861.    Perron,  M.— Pr^is  de  jurisprudence  musulmane.  Part  I.  Explor. 


"^^^      1861.    Hautpoid,  le  g^n^ral  de  division  D',  ancien  Gouvem.  g^n&ral  de 


lent,  de  FAlg^e.    Paris :  8vo. 

1.    1861.    Hautpoul,  le  g^n^i 
^^-^.Ig^rie. — Da  ministdre  de  la  guerre  en  1850  et  de  TAlgdrie  en  1851.    Paris : 
'^"<),p.  156. 
^^^^S.    185L    Bapport  adress^  ^  M.  le  President  de  la  Rdpublique  par  le^Ministre 


380 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA, 


»  quL  out  eu  lieu  en  Algen 


do  la  Guerre  (SL  Earnion)  sur  lea  n[)f-rationa  m 
au  printempa.     Parifl ;  Svo,  pp.  63. 

These  efiectcd  tbo  subjugntiou  of  Eastern  Eabjlin. 

1543.  1651.     Bapport  iidrcss6   A   M.   le   Pr^ident   de   la   R£publique 
Uiciistre  de  la  Guene  (M.  ItcgDKud  de  t^t.-Jean  d'Angelf)  8 
et  radmioiatration  des  tribus  arabes  de  L'Algdrii'.     Paiia:  8vo,  pp.  90.    Aleo  Ret. 
de  TOrient,  de  I'Alg.  et  dea  Colooies,  t.  is.  pp.  65-75, 

1544.  1851.  Bouraeul,  Cb.  de. — SouvoDirs  de  la  guerre  d'Afrique,  Insaireo- 
tioaa  dea  Ziban>Zaaicb:i.    Metz ;  8vo,  pp.  36. 

1546.    mSl.    Bacher.  Ch.  Fb.— Sii!ge  do  Zaalcha,     From  the  ilcvue  dea  doux 

Mondea. 
1548.    1851.    Le  Minlotfere  apScial  de  I'Ak'iJne  battn  par  Ic  Citoyen   Bat- 

thfilemy.    Alger;  8vo. 

1647.  1651.  li^slation  siir  lea  concessiona  de  lerros  eu  Alg^e.  PariB :  12iuo> 
fip.  28.  Fublialied  at  the  Ministto  de  la  Guerre.  See  alao  Rev.  de  lOiient,  de 
I'Alg.  et  des  Coloniea,  t.  s.  p.  145. 

1648.  1861.  Trois  moia  sous  la  teuta,  J^lludu  des  mceura.  Alger:  Bvo, 
pp.  46.    Anon. 

The  adreiitures  of  a.  yoimg  Freocli  ducior  among  the  Arab  tribca;  followed 
by  '  De  la  r^giiueratiuTi  du  peuple  arnbe  [lar  rinatruction.' 
1648.    1851.    I/e  Pays  de  Bouijolly,  O^ndral. — Colonisation  et    modv  dc 
gouvemement  en  AigtSrie.     Pnria :  8vti,  pp.  7J. 

1660.  1851.     Cott«loup,  Dr.  A.— Rccbc relics 
I'Afrique.    Paris;  8to,  pp,  145. 

1661.    Tlemcen   et  son   territoire.      Itev.   de   I'Orient,   de   I'AIg.   et  des 

Colonies,  t.  s.  pp.  129-44. 

1665.  1851.  Boyer-Willemet,  Bibliothdcaire  de  Kaocy,  et  Br.  X).  A.  dodrcm. 
— Monographio  dea  Sililnes  de  I'Algirle.    Nancy :  S^'O,  pp.  51, 

It  was  iut«nded  to  Inirrt  (his  nioi^cgraph  in  the  botanicol  purlion  of  tlia 
Commission  Hcieiitifique  de  I'AlgStie,  but  llio  suspension  of  lliat  work  prerenled 
iCa  publication. 
1663.    1851.    Expedition  de  Kabylie.    From  tbo  Monitour  Cnivetsel  and  the 
Mooileur  Algerien,     Rev,  de  rOrient,  de  I'Alg.  ct  des  Colouiea,  t.  s.  pp.  45-52. 

1554.  1851.  Suauiog. — La  gucrro  de  muntagne  en  Eabylie.  Ber.  dea  deux. 
Mondea,  April, 

Military  remarks  regarding  the  CBDipnigns  ofMaricbnl  Bngeaud. 

1666.  1851.  CaatoUane,  Comte  I>ouls  Obarles  Pierre  de,  CopitainB  de 
CaraibinierB. — Lb  demiSro  espiditiciu  de  Knbjlie.     Eev.  des  deux  Mondcs,  July. 

Account  of  an  eipeditiun  commanded  by  General  de  Saint-Aruaud.     The 

author  remarks  that  the  Eiibylu  can  never  be  taught  commerce  till  he  i> 

thoronghly  beaten  in  war, 

1666.    1851.    Montozon,  A.  da — La  v<^rite  8\ir  I'Algf  rie,  auivie  do  details  et  de 

constd£ratione  sur  lea  mcearB  et  les  usages  ilea  iudigdnea,  sitr  la  population  fna- 

faise,  la  colontaalion,  riigrlcnllure,  lo  commerce,  et  riudnstrie  do  la  province  de 

Conatantine.    Paris ;  8to,  pp.  60, 

Conservatoire    dea    Arts  'N 


r  la  dysscntcrie  du  Kord  i 


1687.    1851?    MoU,    Professor    A'AgricuIture    : 
MiSiicra. — ArroSiige  en  Aljdric.     Al^-er;  no  date, 


>p.  15. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHV  OF  ALGERIA.  231 

1658.  1851.  Hardy»  A.— Frincipales  cultures  indastrielles  a  entreprendre  en 
antomne,  en  Alg^rie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  20. 

1559.  1851.  Itiery  Jules. — De  la  naturalisation  en  France  et  en  Alg^rie  de 
plusieuTB  plantea  textiles  originaires  de  la  Chine  et  de  I'application  des  prooM^ 
chinois  k  la  preparation  des  filasses.  Montpellier:  8vo,  pp.  27.  From  the  Bull, 
do  la  Soc.  d'Agric  de  rH^rault,  April,  May  and  June,  1850. 

1500.  1851.  ConseilB  dliygitoe  aux  populations  indigenes  de  TAlg^e.  In 
Arabic  and  French.    AJger :  8vo,  pp.  44. 

1561.  1851.  De  rindustrie  s^rigtae  en  Alg^rie.  Lyon :  4to,  pp.  35,  with  two 
plates  of  silk-weaving.  From  the  Anuales  de  la  Soci^t^  KationaJe  d' Agriculture, 
d'Histoire  naturelle  et  des  Arts  utiles,  k  Lyon. 

1562.  1851.  Alg^rie :  Revue  de  PaoD^  1850.  Rev.  de  TOrient,  de  I'Alg.  et 
des  Colonies,  t.  ix.  pp.  1-6.    From  the  Moniteur  Alg^rien,  an  official  journal. 

1568.  1851.  Iiavoll^  C. — ^Alg^rie.  R^me  commercial.  Discussion  du  projet 
de  loL    1.  c,  pp.  7-42. 

1664.    ExpWition  en  Kabylie.    1.  c,  pp.  129-33. 

Discussion  whether  the  expedition  to  the  lesser  Eabylia  should  be  carried 

out. 

* 

1565.    La  colonisation  fran^aise.     1.  c,  p.  76.-^See  also  *  L'lllustration,' 

17th  Jan. 

1566.  1851.  Alezis-SSspanet,  Le  B.  F.— Clinique  de  Staoueli  en  1850.  Paris : 
8vo,  pp.  254, 

1567.  1851.  MacCarthy,  Oecar. — Notice  historique  sur  les  Ouled  Ouri^, 
tribu  de  la  province  d'Oran.    1.  c,  pp.  280-86. 

1568.    Lettre  sur  les  antiquit^s  do  la  province  d*Oran.     Hadjar-Ouaghef, 

Bordj-Roumi.    1.  c.,  pp.  204-12. 

These  are  *'  standing  stones  "  at  10  kil.  from  Tlem^en,  near  Hennaiah. 

1668.    Touent,  an  ancient  Arab  city  near  Nemours.  1.  c.,  t.  x.  pp.  109-19. 

1570.  1851.  Bapport  sur  les  travaux  arch^logiques  du  Colonel  Carbuccia.  Far 
llnstitut  National  de  France.  Academic  des  Inscriptions  et  Belles-lettres.  1.  c, 
pp.  338-43. 

1571.  1851.  D'SiBtry,  Stephen. — Histoire  d' Alger,  de  son  territoire  et  de  ses 
habitants,  de  ses  pirateries,  de  son  commerce,  de  ses  guerres^  de  ses  moeurs  et 
tisages.    4th  edition.    Tours :  8vo,  pp.  372. 

1572.  1851.  Frojet  d'organisation  d'un  service  de  douanes  sur  les  fronti^res  de 
terre  de  I'Algdrie.    AJger :  4to,  pp.  45,  with  two  maps. 

1578.    1851.    Estibot.— La  v^rit^  sur  la  cholera.    Oran :  8yo,  pp.  90. 

1574.  1851.  IiuoaSy  H.— Quelques  remarques  g^graphiques  sur  les  Acridites 
qui  habiteut  les  possessions  fran^aises  du  Nord  de  TAfrique,  et  description  de 
deox  nouvelles  espdces  appartenant  IL  cette  famille.  Ann.  de  la  Soc  Entom.  de 
^Woe,  p.  349,  with  a  coloured  plate  of  the  new  species  of  locusts  in  questiou. 

l^TS.  1851.  American  Diplomacy  with  the  Barbaiy  Powers;  their  piracies 
<Qd  aggressions.    The  American  Whig  Rev.,  vol.  xiii.  pp.  27-33. 

^^79.  1851.  Didier,  Hem^y  Repr^ntant  du  peuple. — Rapport  fait  an  nom  de 
'ft  Commission  charg^  de  preparer  les  lois  particulidres  k  TAlg^rie,  sur  le  projet  de 
'^i  du  gDUvemement^  ayant  pour  but  de  constituer  la  propri^t^  immobili^re  en 
^Ic^^rie.    Taris:  8vo,  pp.  56. 


rf83  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGKItiA. 

1B77.  Didtw,  Henry.— Dii  souvvrntmcnt  lie  I'AlgiSrie.  Parin :  Sn^  pp.  SO. 
From  tbe  Politiiiut-  Noavdie,  Livraisons  31  and  32. 

1678.  1851.  Travaux  hydi^uliqties  du  Port  d' Alger.  Dovis  et  Cfthier  its 
oliargcs.     Ponta  et  cliaiinrfcK.     Aljior :  folio,  j^.  22, 

1679.  1852.  Civiy,  Comte  Eugene  do.— Sai«l(ton  TIT.  ct  Abd-cl-Kadet. 
8vo,  pp.  43i. 

1680.  1852.  Bureau  de  la  Mails. — L'Algirie.  HistoiredeagitcrrMdesRonmiBB, 
lies  ByzantiDS  ct  des  YaudaileE.     Pans :  IBmo,  p|i.  325. 

1561.     nistoiro  ancienne  de  I'Alsirif.     Paris;  12mo. 

1582.     18fi2.     Vllle,  Inginienr  en  chef  des  Mines, — Becliwoiios  hut  lea  roehea,  lu 

eiiux  et  les  gltes  mimSruux  dea  provinces  d'Ofwi  et  d'Alger.     Paris, 
1683.    1862.    Houry,  O.  B.— Du  commerce  liaas  lea  £tats  Barbacesques  et  dans 

I'Afrique  centr»le.    Bruiellea:  8vu,  pp.  ii. 
1B84,     1852.    Mauroy,    P.— Precis  de  I'liistoiro  et  ila  commerce  de  I'Afrique 

(teptotttrioDale  depuis  k's   tcini^s   lea   plus    ancieoa   jusqu'ftux   temps   modcraes 

Palis:  8¥0. 

1685.  1652,  CfierbinghQni,  CuijiUiiuo  do  Frugatp. — In^trnctions  jarticuIiJns 
puur  les  batimeuta  k  vnpeitr  qui  mivigueot  les  cOtes  de  I'Algdrie.  Paris :  6to, 
pp.  173. 

1686.  1852.  Perron,  U. — Pr£cia  de  jurisprudence  musulmanc,  ou  Frincipes 
du  UgiaktioD  musuliimne  civile  ct  rtlijiisuac,  selon  lu  riC^i  UAIckite.  Par 
Khalil-ibn-Iah'ak'.    Traduit  de  I'Arabo.    Paris :  4lo,  T  vol. 

E'orming  i>art  of  tbe  Exploratioa  ScieotiQque  de  I'Algfirie. 

1687.  1852.  Wright,  Jolm,  Ohnirmau  of  the  South-Western  Bniiivny. — Project 
for  constmctiug  Hallways  in  Al^'eria,  &o.    London ;  8vo.    See  No,  1729. 

168a    1852.    WHd,  H.  T.— Narmtive  of  a  Voyage  to  Madeira,  Teneriffe,  sud 

along  the  Shores  of  the  Mediterranean,  including  a  Tisit  to  Algiers,  Egypt,  &c. 

Dublin:  8to. 
1S88.    1852.    CuteUane,  Iiouis  Charles  Pierre,  Oomt«  de. — Souvenir*  de 

la  vie  militairo  eu  Airique.    Paria :  12nio.    2nd  edition  published  in  1879, 
1680.    Military  LifeinAlgeria.    Loudon:  2  vols.  8 vo.    See  also Nos.  1022it 

iind  4520. 
1591.    1852.    Prua,  Madame,— Re aidence  iu  Algeria :  London ;  8vo,  pp.  332. 
1692,    1852.    B«Tue  Orientals  et  Ale:^rleiLae.     Koctieil  de  docunients  mir 

I'histoire,  la  g^oijraiihio,  &c.,  de  divorBcB  coutrfios  do  I'Oriont.     Cummonced  1852. 

Paris:  8vo. 
1598.    1852.    Quyon,  L,  Q.— Voyage  .I'Alyer  aux  Zihnn,  I'aucienne  Zel*,  in  1647. 

Alger;  8vo,  pp.  331,  and  atlas,  witli  33  plates. 
1594.    1852.    Dubooq. — M^iuoiru  sur  h.  conalitution  gdulogique  Hes  Zibaos  et  da 

I'Ouad  R'ir  au  ^xjint  de  vuB  drs  ettus  art^aionuea  de  cette  portion  du  Sahara. 

Paris:  8vo,  pi>- 83,  with  3  plana,  including  sections  of  tlio  district.     From  the 

Annales  dcs  Mines,  vol.  ii.  pp.  249. 
1596.     1832.     Fromentin,  Eug6ne,  a  diatlDgaished   artist.      lie   travelled    in 

Algeria,  and  published  Tiumeroiiii  articles  in  the  feuillelon  of  the  '  Pays'  and  cIaf- 

where  under  the  title  of '  Visites  arlistique.^,  simples  jiilerinnges  1852-1850,'  before 

writing  his  more  im)jcrtant  worlts  in  18.J9. — See  No.  2091. 
1696.    1852.    Fenaoh, — Uistoirede  Pliilippevilje.    Philippeville:  8vo. 

1853.    Bardy,  Oust.,  AvocaC  gdudral  Algiers. — L'Algtirie  et  son  organic- 
n  royaume.    Piris-Alger;  8to,  pp.  165. 


A  BIBtlOSRAPHY  OK  ALGERIA.  233 

1507a.  1852.  FrifMMtfd.-^Note8  reoueillies  dans  nno  courte  excursion  en  Algeric. 
St  Gennain-eQ*Laye :  8to.    From  the  Investigateur, 

1687b.    Notes  sur  Alg^rie.    Paris :  8vo. 

15870.  1852.  Fradier,  Charles. — ^M^moirea  d'un  Spaliis,  ou  six  ans  en  Afriqne. 
Paris:  12mo. 

1587cL    1852.    Baudiconr,  IiOuiB  de. — Lea  Indigenes  de  PAlg^rie.    Paris :  8vo. 

1587e.    1852.    Fihan,  A,  P.— Notice  sur  les  Bedouins.    Paris  :  8vo. 

1586b  1852-56.  Abd-er-Bahman  en  Koveiri. — Histoire  de  Tetablissement  des 
Musnlmans  dans  PAfr.  septr. 

I'ranslated  from  the  Arabic  by  M.  de  Slane,  in  vol  i.  of  his  translation  of 
the  History  of  the  Berbers^  appendix.  Sea  also  a  letter  from  the  Bn.  de  Slane 
to  M.  Hase,  Joum.  Asiatique,  4*  sdrie,  t.  iv.  1844. 

1588.  1852.  Ibxi  Batutah. — Voyage  k  tinvers  I'Afrique  septentrionale  au  com- 
mencement du  ziy"^  si^Ie,  public  par  M.  Cherbonneau.    Paris :  8yo. 

1600.  1852.  Bargte,  PAbb^  J.  J.  Ii.,  Prof.  d'H<Sbreu  k  la  Sorbonne.— Histoire 
des  Beni  Zeiyan,  rois  de  Tlem9en.  Par  Tlmam  Cidi  Abou-Abd'  Allah-Mohammed 
Ibn  Abd'  el  Djelyl  et  Tenessy.  Ouvrage  tradait  de  TArabe.  Paris:  12mo, 
pp.  146. 

1601.  1852.  Feuty  Hippolyte. — ^Annalcs  de  colonisation  algerienne.  Bulletin 
mensuel  de  colonisation  fran9aise  et  ^trangdre.  Public  sur  la  direction  de  .  .  . 
Coomienced  at  Paris  1852,  and  continued  till  1858,  in  all  14  vols.  Containing 
many  interesting  papers  on  Algeria. 

1602.  1852.  Bevoulz,  A. — ^Tacbrifat,  recueil  de  notes  historiques  sur  I'adminis- 
tration  de  I'ancienne  r^gence  d'Alger.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  99. 

1608.  1852.  Bonier,  la^on. — Rapport  sur  une  mission  archdologique  en  Algdrie. 
Paris:  8vo. 

Notes  d'un  voyage  archdologique  au  pied  de  I'Aur^s.    Paris :  8vo. 


See  also  Nos.  1523-6. 

1605.  1852.  Schmits,  J.  P.,  'CSapitaine  diktat-major. — Histoire  des  dcmiers 
prisonniers  fran9ais  faits  par  Abd-el-Eader  en  1845.    Paris:  8vo,  pp.  13d. 

1906.  1852.  Thomas,  Colonel  Victor. — ifitude  sur  la  oonqudte  de  I'Espagne 
par  les  Arabes  et  sur  celle  d*Alg^rie  par  les  Fran^ais.  Paris :  8vOy  pp.  75.  From 
the  Spectateur  Mllitaire. 

1O07.  1852.  Fonroy,  Arthur. — ^Le  Marshal  Bugeaud.  B^t  des  camps,  des 
champs  et  de  la  tribune.    2nd  ed.    Paris :  12ma     See  No.  1428. 

160a  1852.  Charon,  Theodore.— Mar^chal  Bugeaud.  Notice.  Suivi  de  deux 
pitees  en  vers:  La  mort  du  Mardchal  Bugeaud;  La  statue  du  Mar^chal. 
Limoges :  8vo,  pp.  24. 

1608.  1852.  Dareste*  B. — De  la  propri^t^  en  Alg^rie,  commentaire  de  la  loi  du 
17  jum  1851.     Paris :  12mo,  pp.  263.    A  second  edition  in  1864,  pp.  288. 

1610L  1852.  Bdglement  sur  lo  r^ime  des  transport's  en  Alg'rie.  Alger :  12mo, 
pp.  11. 

1611.  1852.  Qrellois,  Dr.  Bug&ne. — ^^tudes  arch'ologiques  sur  Guelma 
(ancienne  Calama)  et  Hammam  Mcskoutin.     Metz :  8vo,  pp.  67, 11  plates. 

From  the  M6moires  de  I'Acad'mie  Nationale  de  Metz,  1851-^2. 

1612.  1862.    MarohaL — ^Notes  sur  un  projet  de  subside  communal  dont  le 


381  A  BIBLIOGKAPHY  OF  ALOERU. 

riSsultat  pourrait  Dtro  30  milliona  de  francs,  employ^  annuellement  &  laooloniea- 
tion  lie  I'Algdrie,  plug  la  diBponibiUtd  <]e  10  niilliocs  d'bectares  sans  qull  tie 
coUte  rien  &  la  France.    Alger ;  18mo,  pp.  32. 
1618.    1852.    Zuber. — Rapport  sur  la  colonifiatiou. 

1614.  1852.    V.  H.  D. — N^cessit^  de  la  colonisation  d' Alger  et  dcs  dmigrations. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  97. 

1615.  1852.    QroB,  P.— Trait6  sur  la  culture  de  Tabac,  applicable  &  I'AlgSrie, 
d'aprte  Iw  obscn'Btiona  faites  sur  lea  lieax.     Paris :  Svo,  pp.  46. 

1816.  1852.    AndrS,  Clicf  de  Service  dcs  Tabaca. — Inatructioni!  sur  la  culture  de 
Tabac    Aiger ;  8vo,  pp.  20. 

1817.  1852.    Choppin  d'Amouville,  H.— Culture  de  la  caano  1  sucre.    Indica- 
tions BonuuttireB  il  I'usa^e  di:a  colons.     Alijer:  Svo,  pp.  20, 


1619.  1852.  B.  J.  U. — A  Lady's  Narrative  of  Captivity  among  Algerina  Piratea. 
Sliarpe'a  Lond.  Mag.,  vol.  svi.  pp.  6r>  el  atq. 

The  wife  of  W.  S.,  masler  of  tbe  brig  Peraeverance,  relates  her  experiences  in 
1827-8. 

1620.  1852.  Doy^re,  Ii. — Note  sur  la  conservation  des  grains  par  I'ensilage, 
pr&wnt^c  iL  M,  lo  Gouverucur  GiSiidral.    Alger ;  Svo,  pp.  14, 

1631.  1852.  Milioea  Alg^rJannes.  Decret  prdaidentielelarr^t&duQouvemear 
Gea^^ral  sur  la  r&>r^anisatiun  dra  milices  en  AlgCric.     Alger ;  8vo,  pp.  32, 

163S.     1853.     OoateUane,  I>.  O.  F.,  Oomte  de.— L«  Misaionnaire  ca  Alg^c 

Toiira :  24mo. 

Fart  of  the  *  Bibiiotbetiue  da  I'enfance  ohrdUonue.' 
1623a.    Military  Life  in  Algeria.    London :  2  vol,  Svo,  pp.  303  and  307. 

Another  translation,  see  No,  4520. 

1623.  18B3.  Bosenwold.— Bugeaud  da  la  Piconnerie,  Duo  dlsly,  Marechal  do 
France.    See  Biograpbie  G£n£rale  du  MM.  Firmin  Didot,  t.  vii.  pp.  746-51. 

16S4.  1853.  Statute  de  la  Booi^td  anonyme  ^  Gon&ve,  nous  le  nom  de 
Compagnie  gi'oevoiae  des  colonic.''  atiiasea  de  SiSiit  Geiifeve;  4to,  pp.  19.  See 
also  Rev.  de  I'OriBnt,  do  I'Alg.  et  dts  ColonieB,  t.  xiv.  p.  237. 

1836.  1853.  Arab  Art.— The  111.  Mag.  of  Art,  vol.  i.  p.  37,  gives  drairinp, 
with  letterpress,  of  three  Kpetimeua  oi  Algerian  Art. 

1686.    1853.    Oarbuocta,  Q£n6ral  J.  Ii.  —  Du  dromadaire   comma  bate   da 

somme   ct  commo  auitnni  du  guerre.      Le  rfgimeut  des   dromadaires  h.   I'aimfe 

d'orient  (1793-1801).     Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  251. 
1637.     1853.    LoTena,  Jeanin. — Colonisation  algcrienne.    Alger:  ISmo,  pp.  31, 

67,  84. 
183S.    1853.    Iiord  Exmouth'e  Attack  on  Algiers. — Remarks  regarding,  in 

review  of  Alison's  History  of  Europe.     Udinb.  Rev.,  vol.  xcvil.  p.  304. 

1838.  1853,  Chanoay. — M^moir«  d'un  voyage  en  Algfirie,  et  retonr  par 
I'Espagne.    Paris:  8vo,  pp.  191.     Of  no  value. 


1680.    1953.    Bard,I.e  CheraUer.- Voyage  d'itudea  do  Tun 
I'Afriquo  fran^aise.    Vienno  :  Svo. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  235 

1681.  1853.  Abd-el-HamM  Bey. — M^moirc  ^  S.M.  NapoMon  III.  (Excursion 
dans  la  Sahara.)    Paris :  4to. 

1682.  1853.  Delfiraisy. — Colonisation  de  TAlg^rie  par  le  syst^mo  dc  G^ndral 
Bageaud.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  55. 

1688.  1853.  Bu88itoe»  Vioomte  Th^ocL  Benooard  de.  <— Le  Mardchal 
Bngeand  et  la  colonisation  de  I'Alg^rie.  R^its,  scenes  et  souvenirs  de  la  vie 
coloniale  en  Afrique. — See  Revue  des  deux  Mondes,  1st  Nov.,  1853. 

1684.  1853.  Boudiziy  J>f. — Statistique  de  la  colonisation  et  de  la  population  en 
Alg^rie.    Paris :  8vo.    See  No.  1730. 

1686.  1853.  Coohut,  Andr6. — La  culture  et  le  commerce  du  Coton  en  Alg^rie. 
Revue  des  deux  Mondes,  15th  Oct. 

1688.  1853.  IiestiboudoiB,  Dr.  Th^mlBtoole. — Voyage  en  Alg^rie.  £tade  sur 
la  oolonisation  civile.    Lille :  8vo. 

1687.  1853.  Bailloud,  J.  B.  Ch.  Jos.  —  Le  dess^hement  des  marais  et  la 
culture  du  riz  en  Alg^rie.    Paris :  4to. 

1688.  1853.  Qimxdf  C.  Jules  Basile. — La  chasse  aux  lions  et  les  autres  chasses 
en  Alg^e.    Paris :  8vo. 

1688.  1853.  Datuxuts,  lie  G(to6raL — La  chasse  en  Afrique. — See  Rev.  des 
deux  Mondes,  1st  Mar. 

1640.    Le  Uvrier  du  Sahara.    Rev.  de  I'Orient,  de  TAlg.  et  des  Colonies, 

t.  xiiL  p.  158. 

1641.  ■  Les  chevaux  du  Sahara.    1.  c,  pp.  254  et  seq. 

1648.  1853.  Fitoh,  Asa. — Insects  of  Algiers,  from  the  Museum  of  Natural 
History  of  Paris.    New  York :  8vo. 

1648.  1853.  Iiuoas,  H.  —  Notices  d'entomologie  alg^rienne.  Rev.  et  Mag. 
de  ZooL,  No.  1,  with  plate. 

1644.  1853.  Cosson,  S. — Rapports  sur  deux  voyages  hotaniques  en  Alg^rie, 
1852-53.  Annales  des  Sciences  Natnr.,  3*  s^rie,  t.  xix.  1853,  and  4*  s^rie,  t.  iv. 
1850.  Also  '  Itineraire  d'un  troisidme  voyage  botan.  en  Alg^rie,  1856.'  Bull,  de  la 
Soa  Botanique  (1856-57). 

1645.  1853.  Berbrugger,  A. — Un  cherif  Eabile  en  1804.  Article  inserted  in 
the  *  Akhbar,'  3rd  May.— See  also  No.  2108. 

1648.    Notes  archdologiques  sur  I'Alg^rie.    4to. 

1647.  1853.  Annuaire  de  la  Soci^t^  Arch6ologique  de  la  Province  de  Goustantine, 
commenced  in  1853  and  still  continued.  The  first  volume  is  dated  1853.  In 
1864  the  name  was  changed  to  Recueil  des  Notices  et  M^moires  de  la  Soci^t^ 
Archtelogique  de  Goustantine. 

It  contains  many  valuable  papers  on  Algeria. 

1648.  1853.    Creully,  Colonel  du  G^nie. — Deux  villes  numido-romaines. 

1649.    Inscriptions  de  Constantine.   Ann.  See.  Arch.  Const.,  v.  i.  pp.  39,  84. 

1660.  1853.  Foy,  Commandant  da  G^nie. — De  quelques  inscriptions  tumu- 
laires  recueillies  en  Alg^rie,  &c    1.  c.,  p.  137. 

1661.  1853.  FourtLer,  Trdsorier-Payeur.  —  Notes  sur  des  objets  antiques 
trouv^s  k  Philippeville.    L  c,  p.  82. 

1662.  1853.  Coup-d'oBil  enr  les  antiquity  de  la  Province  de  Constantine, 
1.  c^  Pi  13» 


aoo  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

1863.  1853.  De  BLBTemjr,  M.,  Cnpilaiue  du  G^me.— Notice  snr  I'oDcapntiaB 
romnine  ilaos  lo  ccrclu  du  Phil)  ppevi lie,    1.  c,  p.  20 

1664.  1853.  Cherbonneau,  ProfbeHeur  Auguate.  —  Indication  de  Is  roote 
da  Tu^urt  i\  Tomlwiictou,  cl  aux  MoDts  di:  la  Lunc.  Document  tradnit  de 
TArttbe.    Ann.  Soc.  Arch,  C-oost.,  vol.  i.  p.  91.    Also  Ecparately,  1860,  pp.  12. 

1666.    ConslaQtine  el  ses  aniiquites.    1.  c,  p.  102. 

1667.  1S53.  Carette,  B. — Recherclies  siir  rorigine  et  lee  migrations  des  pric- 
cipaux  triboe  de  rAfrique  geptenlriooale  et  parliculii3re incut  de  I'Alg&v. 
Bxplor.  Scientif.  de  I'AlgiSrie.    Paris :  4lo,  pp.  489.  ' 

A  moat  important  work. 
lesa    1853.    Sumner,  Hon.  Charles.— 'Wiii I e  Slavery  in  tha  Bnrbary  States. 

LoniioQ;  8vo.     S-ie  also  Quarterly  Keview,  sol.  Sfbt.  p.  331. 
1660.    1SQ3.    Hobe,  Eugene,  Avocat. — Rssni  Eur  rhistoire  de  droit  mueulman 

pendant  lea  deux  premiere  si&ilca  da  I'lskmisme.    Alger  ;  8vo,  pp.  Si. 
1660.     1863,     Boualer^Joly,   CbiTurgieu.  —  Coniptc    rendu    de    I'^jud^nie    di- 

Grippe   ohaervfie    a  Alger   ]icndaut  lea  moia   do  <\6c.  1853   et  de  Jan.  Kv.  18i>S. 

Montpellier ;  8vo,  pp.  92. 
1681.     1853,     Favy,  Mgr.  L.  A.  A.,  Bluhnp  of  A]gierB.~Statuts  Bynod&iix  du 

Diociae  d' Alger. 
leOS.    Du  Mahom^tiBme,   discoors    prononc^  i  la  Cathfdrale  d'Alger, 

Alger :  8vo,  pp.  45. 

1668.  Ib53.  Baudicour,  Iiouie  de. — La  guene  et  le  gouvemcmBnt  de  I'Algirie. 
Paris:  8vo,  pp.  600. 

1664.  1853.  Priase  d'Avennea. — Dea  marbros  ih  Prance  et  de  I'Alg^irie,  compui^ 
aus  marbrea  (5trfliigera,  oncietiK  et  luodenirs.     E.xtr.  du  Monilent  universeL    Sv.;. 

1666.  1853.  Usquiase  topograpMq.ue  de  I'Algiirio.  From  the  Gaxctia 
MMicalc  de  Paris. 

1666.    1853.    Sandoval  de.— Hemoriaa  sobra  la  Argelk.    Kndrid:  4to. 

166&  1853.  ClVTy,  Comta  Bag.  da.— Napoleon  111.  et  Abd-el-Kader,  CbarU- 
magoQ  et  Witikiud ;  etude  bistorlque  et  jiolitique.  Biograpkin  de  r£nii-, 
Doutenaut  un  grand  nombre  de  lettrea  et  de  documents  iuMitS,  avee  im  fac-Edmiia 
et  un  portrait  aur  acier.     Pnria;  12mo. 

1669.  1853.  Branthomme,  Avocat, —  Rconeil  general  de  la  jurispnjdeoc* 
algirienne.    Alger:  8to. 

1670.  1853.  Barg&B,  I'AbM  J.  J.  L.,  Professor  d'Hi!brcu  &  la  Sortonne.— 
M^moire  nir  lea  relations  commerciales  de  Tlem9en,  avcc  le  Soudan  sous  la  r^gnr.- 
dea  Beni-Zeiyau.  Paris:  8vo,  Also  Itev.  do  I'Orieut,  de  I'Alg.  et  des  Colonitk, 
t.  siii.  p.  337. 

1671.    Lo  Marabout  Cidi  Boti-Midyn.    1.  c,  p.  33. 

1672. La  Sahara  et  la  Soudan.     Uocumenls  hiatoriques  et  g&)graphiques 

recueillia  par  le  Cid  cl-Hadj  Abd-ol  Knder-bon  Abon-Bekr  et  Touati,  Avec  un 
alphabet  Touareg,     Tranalated  by  the  Abb£  Barg^.     1.  c,  pp.  73  cC  seQ, 

1678.     Tableau  hiatorique  de   la   dynaalie  des  Beni  Djellab,  Sultans  de 

Tougourt,  par  I'lmam  Cid  el-Qadj-Mohnmrned-el-Edrissy,  traduit  de  I'Arabe. 
L  c,  p.  216. 

1674.    • Escuraion  a  Hubbed,   et  viate  au  tombeeu  de  Cidi-Bou-MWyu. 

..  VO. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  237 

1675.  1853.  Sauoli^res,  H.  de. — Esquisscs  sur  la  province  d' Alger.  Scenes  do 
moenis  arabes.    Paris:  12ino,  pp.  311. 

1676.  1853.  Sue,  Eugene. — Jeanno  et  Louise,  ou  les  families  des  traDsport^is. 
Brnxelles :  12mOy  pp.  200. 

This  purports  to  be  the  history  of  a  iamily  transported  to  Lambeasay  after  the 
coup  ^etat  of  the  2nd  December. 

1677.  1853.  8ooi6t6  d'Afinque  pour  la  colonisation  de  la  R^ence  d'Alger. 
4to,  pp.  16. 

1678.  1853.  Iiaademamiy  TAbbd. — Colonisation  de  I'Alg^rie  par  les  enfants 
trouv^    Paris :  8yo^  pp.  32. 

The  author  obtained  a  concession  of  Medj^z  Amar  near  Bdne,  with  500 
hectares  of  land  and  a  subvention  of  20,000  fr.  for  the  purpose  of  carrying  out 
his  views,  which  completely  failed. — See  also  No.  1349. 

1679.  1853.  Desoous. — Alger,  pi^  en  deux  dpoques  et  six  tableaux,  avec 
prologue.    Inauguration  du  Theatre  Imperial.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  46. 

1680.  1853.  Orse,  I'Abb^. — Alger  pendant  cent  ans  et  la  r^mption  des 
captifs.  Paris:  18mo,  pp.  212,  being  the  28th  voL  of  the  Bibliothdque  de  la 
Famille. 

1681.  1853.  Deitte,  Adolphe,  Garde  de  Gduie. — ^Fens^  scicntifiques,  philo- 
sophiques  et  religieuses  d'un  Arabe  de  TAlgdrie.    Troyes,  Paris :  8vo^  pp.  318. 

1682.  1853.  Iioxeuil,  T. — ^Th^tre  Imperial  d'AIger.  Disoours  d'ouverturc. 
£pitre  an  public  en  vers.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  16. 

1688.  1853.  Coeur  de  Boy. — Mdmoire  tendant  &  appeler  le  concours  du 
gouvemement  et  des  administrations  ddpartementales  pour  I'ex^ution  du  projct 
d'^tablissement  en  Algdrie  de  86  colonies  agricoles  et  industrielles  sous  la  denomi- 
nation de  colonies  ddpartementales.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  27. 

1684L  1858.  Ijasrange,  Procureur  G6n6ral. — De  la  n^;essit6  d'une  rdforme  dans 
lc8  travaux  statistiques  de  la  juridiction  consulaire  et  des  tribunaux  civils. 
Philippeville :  4to,  no  pagination. 

1685.  1853.  Cartillet,  P. — De  la  maniere  dc  disposer  les  habitations  k  I'usage 
dea  hommes  et  des  auimaux,  afin  de  les  rendre  parfaitement  salubres ;  chaudes 
en  hiver ;  fratches  en  ^t^  et  sbches  en  toutes  saisons.    Marseilles  :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

This  is  written  with  special  reference  to  Algeria. 

1686.  1853.  Ibn  Batuta,  Voyages  d'.— Tcxte  arabe,  accompagn^  d'une  traduction 
par  C.  Defr^mery  et  le  Dr.  B.  B.  Banguinetti.  Paris :  4  vol.  8vo,  published 
by  the  Soci^t^  Asiatique. 

A  small  portion  only  of  his  narrative  refers  to  Algeria.  On  his  outward 
jouruey  he  passed  through  Tlem9en,  Milianah,  Algiers,  Bougie,  Constantine, 
and  Bdne,  vol.  i.  pp.  12-19  ;  and  ou  his  return,  T^n^s,  M&zodna,  Mostaganem, 
Tlem^en,  and  NcdrOmah,  vol.  iv.  pp.  331-2. 

1687.  1853.  De  Dax,  Gonseiller  civil,  Eapporteur. — Institution  de  credit 
foncier  en  Algdrie.    Alger :  4to,  pp.  11. 

1688.  1853.  [Barrault].— Mdmoire  ^  S.M.  Napol6on  m.  K  Tappui  du  projet 
de  colonisation  de  la  Compagnie  des  Cotons  de  I'Alg^rie.    Paris :  4to,  pp.  28. 

1689.  1853.  Duchesne,  Dr.  Ed.  Ad. — De  la  prostitution  dans  la  ville  d'AIger 
depuis  la  conquOte.     Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  240. 


988 


\  UlUl-lOGRAPHY  01'  AI.fiEKlA. 


a(Prfl4^| 


1680,     1853.     BaUlet.— Hiip[iorl,  Bur  sou  voya^  en  1852  en  Alj^rte.     Ronflt). 

Tha  writer  was  "  Mandalaire    de    la  Socidl^  roaennftiso  algirienne,"  whicli 
posseaiicd  Inrge  estateti  iu  the  culony. 

1691.    1853.    Suouing;,    Francois. — Les  Tilbgca  d^partementaDX  cd  Alg^rie. 

The  vrrilcr  has  iinilod  in  a  siajle  volume  the  variona  articles  he  has  written 

on  the  fluhject  of  coloDising  Algcrin  by  the  viirioiiB  departments  of  Prance.- 

See  also  Bev.  de  TOtieLit,  du  I'Alg.  el  dea  Colonies,  t.  xiv.  p.  29. 

1898.    1853.    Fichon,  J.— Les  (^tabligeements  romalns  de  El-Hammara 
d'Oran).    Rev.  de  I'Orient,  de  I'Alg.  et  des  ColonioB,  t.  xiii.  p. 

1688.  1853.    MaoCarthy,  O.— Arsennaria  (Province  d'Oran).    1.  c,  p.  180, 
This  memoir  was  read  boforo  the   Acad^mie  des  Inscriptions  et  Bolles- 

Leltres  by  M.  Jomard. 
1684.    1853.    Zubor.-— Colon! aati on  da  I'Algdrie  pat  lea  Asiles  Agricole*,    lUpport 

t\  M.  le  Miniatre  i!e  In  Guerre    I.e.,  p.  209. 
1696.    1853.    Santlvale,  Ct.  H.  de. — Alg^rie.    Agriculture  et  commerce— Le 
T^r^inthe.     J.  c,  t.  liv.  p.  159. 

1696.     Lea  eaui  thennales  de  BerronagUia.     1.  c,  p,  225. 

1687.  1853.  Cherbonneau,  Prufesseur  d'Arabo  k  la  chaJre  de  Constantine. — 
Prficis  historique  de  1ft  dynaatie  des  Aglabitea,  tridnit  en  franpais  et  acoompagnd 
de  notes.     1.  c,  p.  417. 

The  original  is  by  Ibu-Oudr&jic,  and  exists  in  the  DJama  Ez-ECilouna  at 
Tunis. 
1698.    1853.    Suval,    Jules.  —  Algdrie.    Population    indigSne   et  europdeniie. 
1.  c,  p.  432. 

1689.  1853.  Esoayrao  da  Iiauture,  Oomte  d'.— La  D£aert  ct  le  Soudan. 
Paris;  8vo. 

An  interesting  record  of  explorations  in  North  and  West  Africa. 

1700.  1854.     FellisBier,  E. — Annales  algiitienBea.     A  new  edition  contiDasd  to 
the  fall  of  Abd-el-Kader,  wiih  an  appendix  containing  Ihe  rfanmfi  of  the 
of  Algeria  fruni  1848-54.     3  vol.  8vo,  pp.  478,  511,  and  529. 

The  best  work  hitherto  publiahed  on  Algeria, 

1701.  1854.     T.  Z.— Explication  de  denx  fipigrapbes  chre'tiennes  tronv^es, 
k  B4tif,  I'autre  i  Tiharet,  on  dfiterrnination  da  V&ie  de  la  province  en  Maniitanta. 
Collection  de  Precis  IIiatorii]ues,  Sec,  65*  livraison,  p.  469. 

1705,  1854.  Penchanat  am^.  —  La  guerre  de  la  Kabyiie,  on  description 
historiquo  et  niilitflire  de  cotlu  cotifi!dSration,  aveo  Veiplicalion  du  systimo 
jwlitique  et  Btralegic[na  que  I'un  doit  employer  pour  la  conqiiiSrir.     8Vo, 

1708.    1854.    Cherbonnaau,  A. — Manuel  des  ^oles  Bra>bes-fran;ftiscs  expliqnj 

dans  lesdens  langues.    Constaniioe:  am.  8vo,  pp.  84. 
1704.    1854.    Qomara,  F.  Iiopea  de. — Cronica  de  Iob  Barbarrojos,  written 

1547  and  publislied  at  Madrid  in  1854.     8vo,  pp.  211. 

1706.  1854.     MoreU,  John  RaynelL— Algeria;  the  Topcgrephy  and  Hli 
Political,  Social  and  Natural,  of  Frunch  Africa.    One  ofaseries  called  the  Illusbalei] 
London  Library.    London :  Bvo,  pp.  490. 

1706.     1854.    PulBsky,  Prancio.— The  Tricolor  on  the  Atlas,  or  Alge 
the  French  Conquest.     London  ;  Svo,  pp.  402. 

Tliie  is  a  translation  of  Wagner's  work  (No.  898)  with  lator  additions. 


.rSM 


istnilei] 

J 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  239 

1707.  1854.  Sjnjrth,  Bear-Admiral  William  Henry.^Tbe  Mediterranean ; 
a  Memoir,  Physical,  Historical,  and  Nautical.    London :  8vo. 

Pp.  8S-100  give  an  account  of  the  North  Coast  of  Africa. 

1708.  1854.  Duval,  Jules. — L'Algerie.  Tableau  Iiistorique,  descriptif  et  statis* 
tiqae  de  la  colonie.    Paris :  8vo.    2nd  edition  in  1859. 

1700.  1854.  Gl^rarcU  Jules. — ^La  chasse  au  lion,  et  lea  autres  cbasses  do 
TAlg^e,  pr^odd^  d'une  introduction  par  L.  Bertrand.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  310,  with 
3  illustrations. 

1710.  1854.  Del  ICont^,  M. — Rapport  sur  les  calcaires  onyx  translncides 
(alabfttres  antiques)  ddcouverts  par  .  •  •  dans  la  province  d'Oran  en  1850.  Paris : 
4to,  pp.  6. 

i710a.    1854.    Belliard,  J. — ^Souvenirs  d'un  voyage  en  Algdrie;  les  Monts  Fil- 
S\a  et  leurs  carriSres  de  marbre  blanc.    Paris :  8vo. 

i  73.1.    1854.    Bardl,  Joseph. — ^L^Alg^rie  en  1854.    Itin^raire  gdn^ral  de  Tunis  ^ 
^I?anger ;  colonisation,  paysages,  monuments,  culte,  agriculture,  &c.    Paris :  8vo, 
;p>p.  251, 1  plate. — See  sdso  No.  593. 

IT'^S.    1854.    Strabo,  Geography  of,  literally  translated  with  notes  by  H.  C. 
.Srlamilton  and  W.  Falconer.    3  vols.  12mo,  published  by  Bohn  in  1854-7. 

173.8.    1854.    Benier,   Ii^n,  Biblioth^caire  h.  la  Sorbonne. — Premier  rapport 
k  M.  le  Ministre  de  llnstruction  publique  et  des  Gultes  par  .  •  .  charg^ 
*une    mission  en  Alg^rie    pour  y  rechercher   les   monuments  ^pigraphiques. 
lives  des  Missions  Scien.  et  Litt,  t.  iii.  p.  314. 

XT'  3. 4.    1854.    Foumel,  Mar.  Jer.  H. — Kichcsse  mindrale  de  I'Algdrie  1849-54. 
'SS   vol.  4to. 

IT  "^-6.    Coup    d'oBil    historique    sur    la    Piraterie   jusqu'au    xvi*  si^cle. 

*^ids :  8vo.    From  Rev.  Orient  et  Alger. 

\T3-6.    1854.    Duouingy  F. — L'Algerie  en  1854.    Les  ressources  et  les  moyens 
^'exploitation  de  la  colonic.    Kevue  des  deux  Mondes,  15th  Oct. 

17X7.    1854.    Fl^y  I«6on. — Abd-el-Kader ;  nos  soldats,  nos  gdneraux,  nos  victolres 
en  Afrique.     Paris :  4to.    New  edition  in  1865. 

1718.  1854.  lies  Colons  de  PAlg^rie ;  Oued  En9a,  par  Tauteur  de  la  Villa 
Soi^    Lille:  2  pt.  12mo. 

1719.  1854.  Iiefebvre,  ICarie. — Esquisses  alg^riennes.  De  la  litt^rature  en 
^^gerie.  On  demande  des  paysans.  Poesies.  Ck)quilles  sur  coquilles.  M.  de 
^'Jiaxtine  en  Algdrie.    Fant&isies,  A-c.     Paris :  8vo. 

^*       1854.    Bertherand,  Dr.  !El  Ij. — M^decine  et  hygiene  des  Arabes.     Lille : 

*•        1854.    Armand,  Dr.  A. — L'Algerie  mddicale :  climatologie,  pathogen^sie, 
l*thi.ologie,  hygienes,  acclimateinent  et  colonisation.     Paris:  8vo,  pp.  532,  map. 

^        1854.    Dugat,  Gust. — Grammaire  arabe  et  fran9aise,  r^ig^  en  Arabe,  K 

U8%^^  des  indigenes  d'Alg^rie,  avec  la  collaboration  du  cheik  Fares  Ech-Chidiag. 

^*^^  c  8vo. 

1728 
y  1854.    Bellemare,  Alex. — Grammaire  arabe  (idiome  d' Alger)  k  Tusago  do 

*''*^^e  et  des  employes  civils  de  TAlg^rie,  suivie  des  formules  de  civilit^s  arabes 

^  X^  Gdn^ral  Daumas.    Paris:  8vo.     2nd  edition  1860;  3rd  edition,  Algiers, 

^^°»  l>l)u208. 


i.  lilllLlUGllAMIV  OF  ALG&niA. 


Saumas,  G6n4ral  EL- 


Priacipes  g£aCr«Dx  de  cavslter  srA 
dans  la  Hante  Kabylie  par  nn  jnj 


Hun,  P61ix.— Uoe 

Strnsbourg  i 
B^ponae  aux  objections  fnites  aus  projets  de  oaloDisatiim  pr^scnti 


1725.     1854. 

1728.     18E4. 

par  KM.  D.  Pantiii   ct   Al<iinQ   c-t  actucllement  soumis  k  I'examcQ  da  Cousu 
sup^rieur  dc  Goiiyiiuement. 

1727.  1854.  Weber,  M.  Preiherr  vtm.  Director  of  Knilwayfl,  Dresdnn.- 
Algerieu  iind  die  Auswanderung  dahin.  Leipzig :  Svo,  pp.  75,  with  a  pteEace  b 
Dr.  Eeinrich  Lichteuat«in. 

1728.  laS*.  VoiBB  ferrtea.  Cbemin  de  fcr  de  I'Algerie  par  la  ligne  cmtiale  d 
Tell,  Hvec  rattaches  :1  ta  cute,  etudiS  et  propoa^  ]»r  MM.  Delavignc,  HacCartb; 
Rbdc,  Serpolet  et  Waraier ;  avec  une  carte  de  I'Algdrie  indiquant  le  trac&    Parii 


8vo. 


Wright,  Jobn  (de  Londrea).— Projet  de  cbemin  de  fer  i  £tabll 

!,  r£gypte  et  I'lode.    8vo.— See  No.  1587. 


1729.  1854. 
entre  V Alger 

1730.  1854.  Cazalao,  Dr.  L.— Examen  de  la  brocbure  de  M.  Boudin  sur  1 
coloaJBation  et  de  la  population  de  I'AIg^rie  (No.  1634).    Alger:  8vo,  pp,  16. 

1730a.  1854.  Cauchar. — Exaiueu  critique  des  M^moires  aur  I'Algerie  rfdig* 
par  le  Brigadier  Don  Crispin  de  Sandovnl  ct  Don  Antonio  Madera  y  Tiven 
Paria;  8vo. 

1731.  1854.  Valllant,  lie  Kar^chal,  Ministre  de  la  Gnerre. — Bapport  pr^acni 
^  I'Emperent  8Ur  la  Hitoalioa  dei'Algerie  en  1853.  Paris:  8vo,  pp.  86. — See  all 
Monileur,  23  May,  and  J\ev.  de  I'Orienl,  de  I'Alg.  et  dea  Colonies,  t.  xv.  p.  424. 

1732.    Organisation  dps  Bureaus  arabes.     Happort  H  TEniperenr.    L  e 

t.  Kvi.  p.  222. 

1783.  1854.  Bandon,  MarAohal,  GoiiTemeur  G^n^ral  de  I'Algerie. — OpAn 
tiODB  toililaires  en  Al^t^rio.  Bnpport  au  Miaistre  de  la  Guerre,  13  juillct  18& 
1.  c,,  t.  xri.  p.  122. 

1784.  1854.  Ordre  de  la  orAatlon  dca  titrea  eccl^aiaatiqaeB  et  dea  dtTei 
^tabliaaementB  leligieux  en  Alg^rie,  depuia  1630  juaqu'il  1854.  Alger:  8v< 
pp.  35. 

1735.     1854.     Chriatlon,  K — Eau  minirale  de  Mouaaia,     Alger:  8vo,  pp.  9, 

'  1786.    1854.    Sanvitale,  Cte.  H.  C— Aig£rie.    Histoire  des  Iribtis  indigioea  dt 

Douars  du  Titeri,     Rev.  de  I'Orient,  de  I'Alg,  et  dee  Colonies,  t.  xv.  p.  47. 

1787.     Tribiia  du   Sidiara    algirien,   lea   Outed-NayU  de   rooeat.      L  C 

t.sv.pp.201d«5.i. 
1738.    1854.    MasBol,  Marquie  de.— Souvenira  de  la  province  d'Oran,    On. 

dW!  sur  Data.     1.  c,  t.  xv.  p.  112. 
1789.     Itindrwre  de  Sldi  bel  AbbJa  h  Gran.     1.  c,  L  xv.  pp,  288  et  Wj. 

1740.    Tlemyen,  Annaia,  Lalla  Magnia,  Roubau  ct  aes  Mines.    L  c.|t  ii 

p.  354. 

1741.  1854.  Florian-Fharaon,  Comte. — Lo  Marabuut  de  Si  Ahmed-ben- Yooai 
et  aea  Daaoui.    L  c,  t.  xv.  p.  117. 

1742.  1854.    Le  Cleroq,  A. — De  I'origine  commune  dea  cbevaux  aral)ea,| 
clievaux  barbes.    L  c,  t.  xv,  p.  179. 


aral)ea,;^H 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  241 

1748.     1854.    QuyBy  Henri,  aDcien  Consul  de  France  k  Alep. — Notice  historique 
et  statistique  snr  les  chevaox  chez  les  Arabes.    I.  c,  t.  xv.  p.  406. 

2744.    1854.    KaoCarthy,  O. — Laghouat    1.  c,  t.  xv.  p.  346. 

J. 744a.    Exploration  arch^ologique  dans  la  subdivision  de  Medeah.    1.  c, 

t.  xvi.  p.  42. 

X746.  1854.  BiaxLohi,  T.  X.,  ancien  Secretaire  Interpr^te  da  Roi. — Insulte  com- 
mise  par  les  Alg^riens  contre  le  vaisseau  la  Province  3  aoiit  1829.  L  c,  t.  xy. 
p.  433. 

1746.  1854.  Qillotte,  Ch.,  Avocat. — Traitd  de  droit  musnlman.  Bdne:  8yo 
pp.  190. 

3.  747.  1854.  Filet,  Dr.  !El — Quelques  soavenirs  de  Lagbouat  et  de  son  service 
m^cal  en  1853-4.    Alger  :  8vo,  pp.  49. 

L^48.  1854.  Ijeireiis,  Jeannin,  Farfumeur. — Colonisation  alg^rienne*  Alger: 
12mOy  pp.  68. 

L  749.    1854.    Instruotions  sur  la  grefife  des  oliviers.    Imprim^par  ordrede  S.E. 
le  Ministre  de  la  Guerre.    Alger :  12mo,  pp.  7,  with  illustrations. 
The  work  of  a  departmental  commission. 

W.    1854.    Programme  des  questions  sonmises  &  la  Cbambre  d' Agriculture 
d'Oran.    Oran :  12mo,  pp.  21. 

rsi.    1854.    Bavier,  M.,  Ing.  des  Fonts  et  Chaussees. — Essais  et  observations 
snr  les  metiers  employ^  en  eau  de  mer  k  Alger.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  65. 

'52.  1854.  Bteum6  des  documents  relatifs  ^  r^migration  dans  les  colonies 
sBuisses  de  S^tif  en  Alg^rie.  4to,  pp.  32,  maps  and  illustrations.  In  French  and 
<jennan. 

^4^8.    1854.    Compagnie  gdnevoise  des  colonies  suisses  de  S^tif.     Deuxidme 
ipportdu  conseil  d'admlQistration.     Gendve:  4to,  pp.  13. 

1854.    Beoherohes  historiques  et  statistiques  sur  la  salubritc  et  la  fertilitd 
<^e  S^tifL    Geudve :  published  by  the  Compagnie  g^nevoise. 

^^^6w     1854.    Pages,  Aug.,  Capitaine  d'Infanterie. — Les  deux  sieges  de  Constan- 
tme.     8vo. 

^*^^5e.     1854.    Pontier,  Med.  Major.— Souvenirs  de  1' Alg^rie.    12mo. 

^'^7.     1854.    Natte,  Ch. — Tipasa:   projet  d'6tablissement  d'une  ferme  village. 

'^^     1855.    Hardy,  A. — Manuel  du  cultivateur  de  coton  en  Algdrie.    Alger : 
S^o,  pp.  48. 

'^©.      1855.    Vaillant,  Mar^chal,  Ministre  de  la  Guerre. — ^Rapport  adress^  b, 
*  ^tnpereur  sur  la  culture  du  coton  en  Algdrie.     Faris :  8vo,  pp.  40. 

'^^-      1855.    Desoription  des  plantations  de  cotonniers  visit^s  par  le  jury  du  prix 
^e  I'^mpereur.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  40. 

®^-      1855.    Boi,  XL,  Inspecteur  de  Colonisation. — Instruction  pratique  sur  La 
cult^ije  du  ootonnier.    Alger :  12mo',  pp.  15. 

17e^      1855.    Iiettres  du  Kar^ohal  de  St.  Amaud.    Paris :  2  vol.  8vo. 
These  contain  many  relative  to  Algeria. 

'^^      1855.    Tableau   de   la    situation   des    ^tablisscments    fran^ais    dans 
1' Alg^rie,  ann^  1862-5.    2  parts,  4to. 

B  2 


A  lllliLIOUBAI'HV  (.; 


KabUHson,  A.  — De  la  gui^apliie  du  Noril  Je  I'AfrlqiM 

iiiainB  ct  iirttbc.     Taris:  2  \iil.  8vo,  pp.  138  and  251, 


1764.    1855-7 

lea  pdriocks  r' 
1766.     1855.     Kuidavets,  Pedro. ^Dencripcion  y  piano  de  Us  ialas  CbafariBa& 

See  Cronica  Naval,  Madrid,  t.  i.  ia">5,  p.  662. 

Segardiog  a  project  for  forming  a  great  naval  Ktation  here. 

— Itin^mire  historiiiue  et  arcLfiolo^que  dc  I'Alff 
Limoges :  12mo, 
jscsebns  fran^aise 
e  Trade  of  Algiers  diuiug 


1767.  1805.    Boy,  J,  J.  E.— Histoire  de  rAlgirk 
edition.  Tours,  1870,  6vo,  4  plates, 

1768.    L'Alg(?rie  moderns.     Description  dea  pi 

Nord  de  I'Arrique.     Limoges ;  12iiio. 

1769.  1855.    Bell,  Conaul-Oeneral.— lleport  on  t) 
1855,    Consular  TraJe  Reports,  No.  6, 1858,  p.  89. 

1770.  1855.    Harootte  de  QuiTi^TH. — Deux  ans  e 
tion  par  Ic  Bibliophile  Jacob  (Paul  Laoroiii).     I'aris ;  . 

1771.  1855.     Duval,  Julea.— Tableau  de  I'AlgMe,    Manud  descriptif  e 
lie,  oontenant  le  tableau  exact  ile  la  colonic  sous  les  rapjKirts  giograpliiquej, 

ue,  &K.     P.tris  :  18mu,  pp,  498,  mAp. 


i  diuiug 
•t  aUi(^^^ 


■gricolc,  commercial,  iudustrlel, 


1772.     La  politique  de  I'Empereur  en  Algcirie.     Paris :  8vo. 

1778-     Catalogue  esplicatif  et  TBiBcnnfi  dos  prodaitu  algdriena,  guide  pour 

I'Expoaition  permanente  de  I'Algdrie.     Public  ear  les  auspices  du  Minist^re  dc  1» 

Guerre.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  207. 

This  exhibition  was  located  at  Rue  de  Crenelle,  St.  Germain,  107. 
1774.    1855.    De  la  Maire,  Comdt.  A. — Excuntion  fnito  en  juin   1853  aux 

mines  de   Khremissa.     Paris :   tivo,  pp.   33,      From  the  Itevue  Archdalogi<itH^ 

xii*  annfe.  ~ 


A, — Guide    g^ni!ra!    de    l'Al^-i5rie :    bistoriqu 
a  algiSrienoes. 


et^s 


1776.  1855.    Tombarel, 
graphique,  &c.     Alger :  '. 

1777.  1865.    AuboB,  Edouard,— Les  Mograbiues, 
12mo. 

1778.  1855.  Tableau  dea  dlHtanceB  de  chsque  centre  de  population  i 
province  d'Alger,  mix  chcf-tieux  judiciaires,  de  canton,  d'arrondissemant  c 
d^partenient. 

1779.  1855,    Berbrugger,  A. — Erreurs  populaires  ipruposderAlg^ric. — Sec  die 
■  Akbbur,*  I2tli  Feb.,  1855. 

17B0.    La  grando  Kabj-lie  sous  lea  Remains.    Paris  ;  8vo,  pp.  39. 

178S.    1S55,    Benier,  Iiton,  Biblioth&»ire  A  laSorbonne. — Inscnptioas  n 
de  I'AlgSrie,  recuoillieaet  publidas  par  ....     Paris;  ^to. 

A  most  importSQt  work,  containing  nearly  4000  inscriptionB. 

1788,     1855.    auyon,  J.  Xb  Ot, — Histoire  cbronolagiqua  dcs  dpid^miea  du  2 

do  I'Afrique,     Alger;  8vo. 
1784.    1855  ?    Galliani,  A.— Do  la  crise  qui  dcsulc  et  ru'mc  I'Algirie. 

Sto,  pp.  7. 

irispnideDCe  dc  k  Cour  Iniiieriale  d'Alg« 
ft:  8vo. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERU.  21^ 

1786.  1865.  ICuller,  Ii. — ^Numismatique  de  rancienne  Afrique.  Commenced 
by  C.  T.  Falbe  and  continued  by  ...  .  Copenbague :  1855-62,  4  voL,  witb 
illnstrations. 

3.787.  1855.  Judas,  Dr. — Sur  diverses  m^dailles  de  TAfrique  septentrionale, 
avec  des  l^endes  pnniques. '  BulL  Arcb^ol.  de  TAtben.  Franc,  1855,  p.  104,  and 
1.  c.  1856,  pp.  5  and  13. 

X788.    1855.    Yadaoe.    From  Household  Words.    Anecdotes  of  Algerian  life. 
Tadace  is  a  game  of  forfeits. 

3.788.  1855.  Bresnier. — Cours  pratique  et  tb^orique  de  la  langue  arabe  ren- 
fermant  lea  priucipes  ddtaill^  de  la  lecture,  de  la  grammaire  et  du  style,  accom- 
pagn^  d'on  traits  du  laugage  arabe  usuel  et  les  diverses  dialectes  en  Algdrie. 
Alger:  8vo. 

1790.  1855.  Cherbonneau,  Frofesseur  d' Arabe  it  Gonstantine. — ^Le9ons  de 
lecture  arabe.    Gonstantiae :  12mo. 

1 781.  1855.  Colonies  BoiBaes  de  S^tif.  3*  Rapport  du  Conseil  d' Administra- 
tion.    G^n^ve :  8vo. 

1  ^82.  1855.  Qolay,  G^om^tre. — Rapport  fait  k  la  Socidt^  d'atilit^  publique  sur 
ies  colonies  suisses  de  S^tif.  See  Rev.  de  TOrient,  de  I'Alg.  et  des  Colonies,  nouv. 
s^r^  t.  i.  p.  90. 

X  ^^QB,     1855.    BenseifipDieinents  relatifs  aux  Emigrants  dans  les  colonies  suisses 
de  S^tif.    1.  c,  t  iL  p.  337. 

^^B^     1856.    Paoheran. — Esquisse  sur  la  mammalogie  du  continent  africain. 
liev.  et  Mag.  ZooL,  p.  499. 

^  ^'©B.     1855.    Malherbe. — Faune  omitbologique  de  I'Alg^rie.    Paris :  1855. 

^  ^"Oq.  1855.  Ooflson,  E.,  and  Durieu  de  MaUonneuve. — Note  sur  quelques 
^sp^ces  nouvelles  d'Alg^rie.  Bull,  de  la  Soc.  Botan.  de  France,  lltb  and 
2Sth  May. 

''^^V.  1855.  Cosson,  XL,  and  P.  Jamin. — ^Notes  sur  les  cultures  des  oasis  des 
Ziljans.    1.  c,  17  Aug. 

'^  ^®&     1855.    Metg6. — Projet  de  la  colonisation  en  Alg^rie.    Paris :  8vo. 

1855.    Aumale,  Duo  d'. — Les  zouaves  et  les  cbasseurs  k  pied.    Esquisses 
^^^xstoriques.    Paris:  18mo. 

1855.    Gautier,  Thtephile. — Les  Aissaoua.    Paris :  8vo. 

1855.    Martin^  V.,  et  S.  Foley. — ^Hlstoire  statistique  de  la  colonisation 
irienne  an  point  de  vue  du  peuplement  et  de  lliygidne.    Paris :  8vo. 

1855.    Chabaud-Iiatour,  Baron  de,  Comdt.  Supr.  de  G6nie. — Sur  la 
d'un  emprunt  de  300  millions  pour  Tex^ution  des  grands  travaux  publics 
^^-Alg^rie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  16. 

1855.    Bressy,  Dr.  de. — ^Rapport  adress^  &  M.  le  Gomte  Randon,  Gou vemenr 
I,  sur  les  maladies  d*yeux  observdes  et  trait^s  en  Algdrie.    Alger  :  12mo, 
►.16. 

1855.    Ii'Alg^zie,  ou  la  civilisation  conqu^rante.    Gbants  bistoriques  pr^ 

de  considerations  gdndrales  sur  les  vdritables  causes  de  la  guerre  actuelle  en 

mt.     Accompagnds  d'une  carte  de  VAlgdrie  et  suivis  d'nn  essai  de  composition 

^^^^^Micale  approprite  au  podme.    Par  un  ami  de  la  gloire  de  nos  armes.    Paris : 

•o,  pp.  62. 

K     1855.    Algeria.    Its  past,  present,  and  future.    Fraser's  Mag.,  vol,  lii. 
>.  223-31. 


SM 


A  BinLIOfiRAPHV  OK  ALGEIUA 


1809.  1855.    Bertherand.    Dr.    E.    L.— Mfidccine   et  liygiene    flea   AiiteB.' 
Paria :  8vo,  pp.  574. 

1807.    1S56.    Auaelin,  Jules  Ben^—Easai  de  topograjihie  in^diciile  sur  la  villo 
de  Bougie  et  le  pays  Kabyle  limitiophe.    These  pour  le  doctoral  en  in^deeinc. 
Paris :  4to,  pp.  128,  with  2  plans. 
180B.     1855.     Biiillat. — Lettre  &.  sea  inMresBca  aut  la  culture  des  Wrres  en  Algjrie, 
ltd.     Ronen:  8to. 

1800.     U^fleiions  sur  TAIg^rie.    Roden :  8ro, 

Ha  particularly  inaiists  cin  the  creatioa  of  departmental  v 
tiiral  colonies. — See  also  Rev.  de  I'Urieat,  de  I'Alg.  et  des  Colonies,  t 
t.  iii.  p.  53D. 

1810.  1G55.    Barbie  du  Socage. — De  Tintroduction  dcs  Arm^niens  catboliques 


il  "^4^1 


nAl-t 


I'ar 


^ 

F 

^ 


1811.  1855.    Aucapitaina,  Baron  HenrL — ]ttudi»  siir  le  sud  de  I'A 

Rev.  de  I'Orient,  de  I'Alg.  et  dea  Colonies,  3"  s^r.,  t.  i.  ]ip.  60  and  144. 

1812.  1855.    Daumaa,  CWnfiral.— Du  chameBU  d'Afriqne,     I,  c,  p.  178. 
Originally  addressed  to  tlie  President  of  the  Soc.  Zoo!.  d'Acclitn. 

1818.     Sur  rdducation  du  faucon  ea  AlgiJrie.     Psria;  8vo,  pp 

AUo  pablishod  in  the  Rev.  de  I'Orienl,  de  I'Alg.  H  des  Colocii-s,  ] 
Douv.  a&t.,  t.  iii.  p.  234. 

1814.    Mojurs  et  coutiunea  de  I'Algfirie.    Tell — Kabylie — ^Sabaia. 

18mo. 

1816.  185.5.  Pharaon,  Florlaii. — D'Alger  iL  Lnr'ooat,  Blldiih,  M6dfiah,  Boghaif. 
I.  c,  pp.  23T  et  »;. 

1818.  1855.  Lo  Cleroq,  A. — fitnda  historique  Biir  la  legende  nlg^rienne  to 
tombeau  de  cinq  Dejs,     I.  c,  pp.  315  cl  »eq. 

This  is  the  story  of  the  fiwe  Doys  euccesaivuly  oluTated  t 
and  massacred  on  the  same  day,  in  1700. 

1817.  1855.    Boy,  Ii, — Da  la  colonisation  de  I'AlgSrie.    1.  c.,  pp.  398  ei  tcq. 

1818.  1855.  Belnaud,  Membra  de  I'lnstitut. — XJn  manuscrit  de  I'Emir  Abd-«1- 
Glider.  Itappott  adressoe  au  Ministre  de  I'lustruction  Publirju.e.  I.e.,  nouv.  i&, 
t.  ii.  p.  125. 

181B.    1855.    Buvry,  Dr.  I.,  (of  Berlin).— Le  Djcbel  Edongh.    I.  c,  pp.  3Stf 
I8S0.    Algerian  und  seine  Zukunft  unter  franzoaischer  Herrschaft. 

eigener  Ausschauung  uud  authcutisclien  Quellen  nainenClicb  audi  in  KUukS^ 

auf  deutscho  Aaswanderung  bearboitot  von  , . .     Barlin. 
1821.    1856.    B«vue  AMcaine.     Journal  des  travaux  de  la  Sod£td  Historique 


•^ 

Joghaif. 
nne  to 

■3- 

Abd-«1- 

„^ 


85G  ;  continued  every  two  montha  t 

iiportaat  articles  on  Algeria, 

'Notea    arch&ilogiques  aur  les  nun< 


tbe  present 
I  de  I>iel(a. 


Algfirienne.     Algiers 

First  vol.  publiiihed  in 
day.    This  contidns  many  i 
1822.    1856.    Beboud,    Dr.- 
1.  0.,  ToL  i.  p.  25. 

182S.  1356.  MaoCarthy,  O. — Algeria  Bomana.  Becherches  sur  I'occupatjon 
et  la  colonisation  de  I'AIg^ric  par  les  Romaios.  1.  Subd i vision,  de  Tlenijen. 
1.  c.,  pp.  88  ei  sej. 

18SA.    1856.    Julia  Cfesaxea  (Cherchcl).    I.  c,  p.  113. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGI-RLV.  245 

1  1825.    1856.    Thagaste    (Souk-Ahras),    by    Commandaut   Lewal   and  others. 
1.  c^  p.  197. 

-1898.    1856.    Godard,   I'Abbd. — Notes  arch^logiqnes   sur  Kumidie  centrale. 
1.  c,  p.  253. 

_  1827.    1856.    Berbrogger,  A. — L'dre  mauritanienne.    1.  c,  p.  20. 

1828.     1856.    Ii'Afirique  septentrionale  apres  Is  partage  du  moudc  I'omain  en 
empire  d'orient  et  empire  d'occident.    1.  c,  p.  81. 

1828.     1856.    £i>oque  de  I'^tablissement  des  Turcs  k  Constantine.    L  c.,  p.  399. 

-  1830.     1856.    Julienne. — Les  Rir'a  de  la  subdivision  de  Miliana.    1.  c,  p.  281. 

-  1881.    1856.     De  Voulx,  A. — Kecbercbes  sur  la  cooperation  de  la  lUgence  d'Alger 

i  la  guerre  de  Tind^pcndauce  grecque  d*apr^  des  documents  incites.    I.  c.,  pp.  129 
et  seq. 

-^882.     1856.    Bonnevaly  da — Rapix)rt    ^    I'Empereur  sur   la  colonisation   de 
TAlg^rie  au  point  de  vue  pratique.     Poitiers :  8vo. 

13833.     1856.    Iia   Baaaet,   Lieut.-ColoneL — Antiquites  du  cercle  de  Tdn^s. 
1.  c.y  p.  335. 

1856.     GorgouB. — ^Notice  sur  Ic  Bey  d'OVan,  Mohammed  el  Kebir.    L  c, 
p.  403. 

1856.    Hanoteau,A. — Litt<5rature  oralo  des  Touaregs.  Fables.   I.e.,  p.  510. 

1856.  Iiodoyer,  Aug^uste.—  Lettre  sur  un  projet  de  oration  d'une  ^ole 
sp6ciale  d'arts  et  mdtiers  k  Alger  pour  les  jeuncs  indigenes  de  I'Alg^rie.  Alger : 
«vo,  pp.  8. 

1856.    Notrfontaine,  Kdlle.  Pauline  de. — Alg^rie,  un  regard  €crit. 
Havre:  8vo. 

7.    1856.    Pavy,  ICgr.  liOuis  Antoine  Augustin,  l^v^ue  d'Alger. — Lettre 
ircalaire  k  I'oocasion  de  la  mort  de  Mgr.  Dupuch,  ancien  et  premier  £vdque 
'Alger.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  19. 

He  took  possession  of  his  diocese  on  the  6th  January,  1839.  He  brought 
from  Pa  via  the  relics  of  St.  Augustine.  He  resigned  his  office  on  the  9th 
December,  1845,  and  died  10th  July,  1856. 

1856.  Beynaud,  lie  Bev.  P^re,  Sup4rieur  g^n^ral  des  PP.  J^suites  en 
^^Ig^rie. — Oraison  fun^bre  de  Mgr.  Dupuch,  ancien  et  premier  iSivSque  d'Alger, 
X^ronoDC^e  k  la  Gath^drale  d'Alger,  le  5  novembre  1856.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  16. 

1856.  Beiteuil,  Ars^ne,  ancien  Pharmacien. —  L'Alg^rie  fran^alse, 
^^stoirey  moeurs,  coutumes,  Industrie,  botanique.  Paris:  2  vol.  8vo,  pp.  452 
^Jid  447. 

1856.  Nettement,  Alfred. — Histoire  de  la  conqu^te  de  I'Alg^rie.  Paris  : 
Sva    A  second  edition  was  published  in  1870,  pp.  384. 

1.    1856.    French  Algeria. — Quarterly  Review,  vol.  xcix.  pp.  331-71. 

This  article  contains  an  account  of  Lord  Exmouth's  action  in  1816,  and  of 
the  French  conquest. 

1856.    Gerard,  Jules. — Lion-hunting  and  Sporting  Life  in  Algeria. 
This  forms  one  of  a  series  entitled  '  Addey's  Library  for  old  and  young.' 
London:  8vo. 

^848.    1856.    Hamilton,    James. — ^Wanderings  in  North   Africa,  comprising 
Scenery,  Agriculture,  Slave  Trade,  &c.    Several  plates,  8vo. 


SA6 


\  DIBLIOGRAPHV  OF  ALGERIA. 


projot  coiicerna.Dt  la  cokniaatiai  da 

a  la  guerre.     I'ariB:  Svo. 


Rev.  de  rodeut,  de  I'Alg.  M 

Paris:  12mo. 

wmpoaed  of  dcpnties  and  pcen 
1833. 


le  tableau  des  dialfctes  d«  l'A\g6ne  ct  des 
8ro,  p]).  Za.     Originally  pnblisbcd  in  tbe 
de  rOrient,  de  I'Alg.  et  dra  Colooies,  nonv.  *6r.,  1.  iv. 


.1844.    1856.    AlbigftB.— Notice 

I'Algi^rie,  pnjseutfi  il  S.  Kx.M.  le 
184S.    185CI.    Baudlcour,  Iiouis  de. — La  colonisation  de  I'Alggrje 

Pitria:  8^0,  pp.  588. 

1848.     La  salubrity  du  climat  en  Algt>r 

dea  Coioniea,  nouv.  sit.,  t.  iv.  p.  400. 

1847.    1858.    Momand,  Fdlix.— Ln  vie  arabe. 
The  author  wfla]|s«;reliiry  •  f  the 
of  France  sent  to  Algeria  by  tbe  G. 
lB4a    1656.    CoBBon,  Ht.  X!rn#et  St.  Charles.— Rapport  sur  nn 
Pliilippeville  il  Biekra  et  duns  lea  Monta  Aurfs. 

1849.  1856.    PontJer.  B.— Notice  mir  Orl&insviDo  et  TiaCe. 
1860.    1856,    Foumel,  Mar.  JSr.  S.— RicLesses  tnindralcs  de  I'Alg^i 

4to. 
I8S1.    1856.    JOelnaud.— l!n]>i»tt  si 
contr^es  voisines  de  11.  Geslin.    Purii 
Sloniteur.— See  also  ]1< 
r.  382, 

Tliis  re]»rt  was  called  for  by  tlio  Minister  of  War,  and  was  nude  by  a 
comniiiision  of  tbe  Acaddmio  Aei  Inscriptions,  Scq.     M.  Geslin  died  iii  Algeria 
before  bis  task  wos^complettd. 
1862,    1856.    O-aaetta  If^dioale  de  TAIguriD,     Coinmenced  in  Ibis  year  and 

continued  nioutlily.     Alger ;  4lo. 
1663.    1856.    Feiiillet,  Dr.  J,  J.— Note  Eur  k  Pbtbisie  pulmonaira  en  Algurie. 
}lead  at  the  Honiceopalhic  Congress  at  Bruesels,  25tb  Sept.,  1856.    Vaiia  :  8to, 
pp.  16, 
1864    1836.    FeulUida,  C,  do. — L'Algerie  franfaise,    Paris:  Sio,  pp.  402. 

1866.  1856.  Hardy,  A.— Slanuel  du  cultivat«ur  de  colon  en  AlgCde.  Algcr; 
12mo. 

1868.  1856.  Malavois.— De  la  cnltnre  du  colon  en  Algfrie.  Psria:  Ha. 
Premiere  partie,  pp.  12 ;  denxiouie  panic,  pp.  23. 

1867.  1S56.  Fabre,  HeorL— Souvenirs  militalres  d'Afriquc.  Paris:  I2mot 
pp.  234. 

This  gives  an  acconnt  of  the  expeditions  to  Medea,  Miliana,  and  &  jonmej 
to  the  Zibans. 
1867a.    185C.    aoBae/:I)r,  Ii.  A.— Rapport  sur  les  documents  adress*  de  I'Alg^rie 
sur   I'aiitraolie       Bull.   Soc.   Imj.,   Aeclinwt.  Paris,  1857,   pp.   331-43,   391-4, 
482-6. 

1868.  1856,  XiegueBt,  I'Abb^.  —  Essai  nir  la  formation  et  la  dtomposilioa 
dos  raoinea  arabos.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  31. 

1869.  1856,  laautaud,  Dr,  A.— Bea  fermes  algdriennes— nouvcau  s.vstimede 
coIoniBation.    Paris:  8to,  pp.  l."i. 

1860.  1856.  De  Hat,  Consciller  Civil,  Rapjxirteur. — Trace  du  cbetnin  de  far 
d'Alger  il  Oran  ct  de  ses  em  branch  emenbi.  Questiona  qni  ae  raltochent  ft 
I'Ctablissement  de  ces  lignes.    Alger:  4to,  pp.  33. 

1861.  1856.  Hontagne,  D.  J.— La  vi'riii:  sur  les  cbcmios  de  fer  en  Algt-rie, 
Blldah !  8vo,  pp.  22. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  247 

1856.  Madinier,  P.  —  iSitudes  siir  TAlg^rie;  agriculture,  commerce, 
i  ndastrie.  Rev.  de  TOrient,  de  I'Alg.  et  des  Colonies,  nouv.  s^r.,  t.  iv.  pp.  39 
45i  seq. 


1856.    Bosny,  Ii^n  de.— Notice  sur  le  Thuya  dc  Barbaric  (Callitris 
quadrivalyis).    1.  c.  pp.  44  ei  seq. 


1856.  Blaser,  Chretien. — ^Voyage  daus  les  colonies  suisses  k  S^df.  Be- 
lation  adress^  ^  rAdmioistration  de  la  Compagnie  Suisse  &  Geneve.    1.  c,  p.  308. 

1856.  Berbrugger,  A. — Note  sur  le  monument  connu  sous  le  nom  de 
Tombeau  de  la  Chrdtienne.    1.  c,  p.  326. — See  also  Rev.  Afr.,  t  i.  p.  31. 

1856.  Duplat,  J.  B.,  Pharmacien  en  chef. — Tombeau  du  roi  Juba  et  de 
la  reine  SdlSne  Cldopatre,  Roubber-el-Rotuniat,  connu  sous  le  nom  de  Tombeau  de 
\sL  Chrdtlenne.    1.  c,  p.  512. 


1856.    Vaiizier,  Hipp.  Henri,  publishes  a  letter  on  tho  same  subject. 
I.e.,  vol.  iv.  p.  190. 


1856.    Buvry,  Iieoi>old  (of  Berlin). — Voyage  du  Docteur  Barth.    1.  c, 
pp.  250  et  seq.    He  visited  the  principal  places  in  Algeria  in  1845. 

1856.    St.  Iiager,  J.,  and  K  Robert — L'Algdrie.     Son   passd — son 
present — son  avenir.    1.  c,  pp.  388  et  seq. 


1856.    Fabre,  J.  B. — Des  richesses  forestiSres  de  TAlgdrie  relevto  par 
1 'exposition  universelle  et  de  leur  exploitation.    1.  c.,  pp.  499  ef  seq. 


1.    1856.    Daiimas,  Qidn^raL — Coup  d'oell  sur  TAlg^rie  an  mois  de  juitl 
Xe56.    1.  c,  t.  iy.  p.  69. 

1856.    Iieolerc,    Ij.,   Chirurgien    militaire.— Les    oasis  de    la    province 
Oran.    Les  Oulad-Sidi-Chikh.    1.  c,  p.  78. 


1856.    Elrenger,  J.  H. — Sverigcs  forhallanden  till  Barbaresk  statema 
i   .Africka.    Stockholm :  2  vol.  8vo. 

1-879.    1856.    lie  Mar^ohal  Bandon,  Gouvemeiur  g^n^ral  de  TAlg^rie.    1.  c, 
I>.  106. 

This  is  an  article  from  the  '  Emancipation  Beige '  on  the  administration  of 
the  Mar6chaL 

^^7*4.    1856.    Monglave,  SSugtoe.    ]£tablissements  hippiques  en  AlgMe.    1.  c, 
p.  414. 

ISYe.  1856.  BabU88on»  A. — De  la  geographic  du  Nord  de  I'Afrique  pendant 
^^^  P^riodes  romaine  et  arabe.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  138. 

1^6.  1856.  Bertherand,  Dr.  A. — Eaux  min^rales  de  rAlg^rie.  Oloun- 
Sekhakhna  (dans  la  Bou  Zarria)  au  Frais  Vallon,  ^  trois  kilometres  d' Alger, 
'^ker :  8vo,  pp.  18.    From  the  Gazette  m^icale  de  I'Alg^rie. 

^^«  1856.  Millon,  S. — Note  sur  une  eau  min^rale  du  Frais- Vallon,  pr^s 
Jr^-^^er,  et  sur  I'emploi  des  eaux  min^rales  de  TAlg^rie.  Alger :  8vo,  pp.  8. 
•^^xn  the  Journal  de  Fharmacie  et  de  Chimie,  t.  xxix.  p.  5. 

^  1856.  Tousety  Jules.— La  France  d'Afrique.  Bu  mode  d*ali^nation  des 
'^"^^^  de  colonisation  en  Alg^rie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  76. 

'     *         1856.    Compagnie  des    Mines    de   Mousaia. — Frocds>Terbal.     4to, 


94S 


i  mULIOGRAI'HV  OF  ALGERIA. 


1880.     195G.    BCoaseigaeur  X)upiic]i,  premier  I^veqns  iTAlgcr,  sa  4 

fan^rnillea,  son  £loge  fundbre.     Bordeaux  :  ISiiio,  pp.  21.     l<^ui   '  Id  I 

12th,  13th,  and  15th  April. 
18S1.    185S.    A.  de  F.--De  I'inaniovibilitS  de  la  mBgistratnre  et  du 

transmission  des  charges  eii  Algdrio.     Alger:  8vo,  pp.  11. 
1S8S.    1856.    Bapport  Tnit  il  M.  le  Msrechal  OouTenieur  g^ni^ral  de 

par  la  oommiasion  iostitu^e  pour  fitudier  reffectntion  des  qtmiB  dii  port 

Alger  :  folio,  pp.  26. 

1885.  1856.     Bapport  adress^  h  TEmpercur  par  le  Uariicliat  Vsilknt, ' 
lie  la  GuBrre,  Biir  la  ciilturo  du  coton  ea  Al^^rie  (1855).     Paria :  8vo,  pp. 

1B84.    185S.    UacCftTthy,  Oscar.— Lea  Toii^regs.    Rev.  de  I'Orlent,  de 
el  des  Colonies,  rebniai-y. 

1886.  1856.    lioche,  Capttaine. — Description  d'uue  nonvcUu  esp^  de 
(Z.  Vaillantii).     From  Rev.  el  Mag.  da  ZooU  Ko.  10. 

1886.  1857.    OervaiB,  F. -ijur  les  reptilea  de  TAIgt^rie.     Acad,  des  Sc.  i 
de  MoDtpcUier.     M£m.  de  la  Sect,  dea  £c.,  1855-7,  p.  511. 

1887.  1857.  Malto  Brun,  V.  A. — La  France  illustn^e ;  Gikigraphie,  HiEt<Mnr 
Administratiou  et  Slatistiqiies.     Vans  :  Ho. 

1886.  1857,  Buvry,  Dr.  lieopold.  (of  Berlin). — Da  AlgeriiB  incolis  conimqai^ 
situ,  origins  e'.  moribiis.  DisserLilioiuauguralis  quA  doctorie philoeopLiie liooore), 
dignitatem,  jura  et  inimunitatei  npiid  Hrnplissimum  univerailatia  jeaensis  phito- 
sophorum  ordiocDi,  etc.     BerolinI :  Sro,  pp.  81. 

1888.    Mittheilungen    bus    Alg'.tien.     Der  sadliche    Halienzug.      Die 

Steppen  Algeriena.  Der  Djehal  Aurea.  Die  Stadt  Batun.  Die  Strafcolonio 
Lamb^e.  Zeitaehr,  ftir  allgem.  Erdkunde,  Berlin,  1857-58-00.  See  alu 
No.  2067. 

1880.     1857.    Clare,  Bug. — Campagae  de  Iv&bj-lle.    Small  Jto,  ivitli  plates. 
1891.     1B57.     Oherbonneau,    A.^Hlstoire  de    la   conquSte  d'Qspagne  p«r 

Muaulmans,  trauslated  from  the  Arabic  of  Mohammed  bin  Mozabii 

Kouttia  (the  female  Golli). 
18B2.     1857.    Cberbonneau,  A.— CoDgtaDtioe  et  sea  antiquit£a.      Paris  :  Sro, 

pp.  48.    From  Nouvt-Uiis  Annalea  dea  Voyages,  February. 

1883.     ItinfiBireilcBCU]ilif  tie  Tuggurt  ii  Tombouctou  et  ans  Monta  de  la 

Lune.     Rev.  d'Orienl,  dc  I'Alg.  et  dea  Colonies,  nouT.  sir,,  t  v.  p.  224. 

1884.  1867.  Abou  Obeid  el-BakrL— Description  de  FAfrique  septeutrionalf. 
Tt'.tto  arabc,  public  \vu  le  Ijarou  de  Slane.  Aiger  et  Paris :  8vo,  A  tranclation 
by  the  same  nutbor  in  the  Joumil  Aaiatique,  1858-9. — See  also  No.  2089. 

1896.     1857.     Bonnemaln.— Vnja-e  i  Il'dames.     Paris:  8vo,  pp.  36. 

The  author  was  sent  on  a  miHsion  by  the  Marfchal  de  MacMnbon. 
was  published  by  M.  Cherbonneau  in  the  Nouvelles  Annalos  dea  Voyages, 
1886,     1857."   Beinaud.— Mi^muiro  Bur  lea  poiKilations  de  rAfriquo  sepletitrionale. 
Paris :  4tc,  pp.  17. 

18B7.     liapport  sut  un  essai  de  grammaire  de  la  Ungne  des  Eabyla,  et^ 

BUT  un  mfimoire  relatif  i  quelques  inscriptioiiH  bu  caraclAres  Tounrigs,  par  U.  le 
Capitaine  da  Gc^aie  Hanoteau,  attnoliij  au  Bureau  politique  des  afTaires  nrabea  i-* 
Alger. 

Bead  at  the  Acad,  dea  Inscr.  et  Belles-lettres,  26Ch  June.    Seo  nlao  Iter. 
rOrient,  de  I'Alg.  et  des  Colonies,  noUT.  sfir.,  t.  vi.  pp.  162. 


m 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  249 

1808.  1857.  Blaokbiim,  Henry. — Life  in  Algeria,  described  in  two  lecturer?, 
as  delivered  at  various  literary  and  8cienti6c  institutions.  London:  12mo, 
pp.  75. 

1889.  1857.  Gl^rarcU  Julee,  Life  and  Adventures  of;  comprising  his  ten  years' 
campaigns  amoDgst  the  lions  of  North  Africa,  with  a  history  and  description  of 
Algeria.    London :  12mo,  pp.  224,  plates. 

1800.  1857.  Chotin,  Alex.  QuiU. — Les  expeditions  maritimcs  de  Charles- 
Quint  en  Barbaric.  Tournai :  8vo,  pp.  292.  A  previous  edition  was  publisbed  at 
Bruxdles  in  1849. 

lOOl.  1857.  Ijaurent,  C. — ^M^moire  sur  le  Sahara  Oriental,  an  point  de  vue  de 
r^tablissement  des  putts  art^siens  dans  TOued  Souf,  TOued  B'ir  et  les  Zibans. 
li^m.  de  la  Soc.  des  Ing^Dieurs  Civiles,  20  June,  1856,  pp.  92,  map  and  sections. 

X9Q2.  1857.  Foiimel,  ICar.  J6r.  H.,  Ing^nieur  des  Mines, — l^tude  sur  la 
€X>nquSte  d'Afrique  par  les  Arabes :  et  recberches  sur  les  tribus  berb^res  qui  out 
occupy  le  Magreb  central.     Paris :  4to,  pp.  165. 

X^^<^    Les  Berbers,  ^tude  sur  la  conquete  de  TAfrique  par  les  Arabes, 

^'apr^  les  textes  imprimis.    Paris :  n.  d.,  4 to. 
Both  works  of  considerable  importance. 

1867.  Arago,  Francis. — Biographies  of  Distinguished  Scientific  Men, 
nclading  his  own  autobiography.  Translated  by  Admiral  W.  H.  Smyth,  d.cl., 
^.B.8.,  &c,    London :  8vo. 

Arago  gives  an  account  of  his  landing  at  Bougie  in  December  1808,  his 
journey  overland  to  Algiers,  and  his  residence  there  during  several  months. 

1857«    Berbrugger,  A. — Les  ^poques  militaires  de  la  grande  Kabylie. 
-^Iger :  18mo,  pp.  319,  with  map. 

The    periods  here  described  are    (1)  French,    (2)   Turkish,    (3)  Arab^ 
(4)  Boman. 

^^08.  1857.  Snider-PeUegrini,  A. — Du  ddveloppement  du  commerce  de 
^'Alg^rie  avec  I'int^rieur  de  TAfrique,  et  d'une  route  par  terre  d' Alger  au  S^n^gal 
pv  Tombouctou,  pr^dd^  d'observations  sur  TAlg^rie  et  le  Maroc.     Paris :  8vo. 

1006a.    1857.    Fouoher,  Victor. — Les  Bureaux  Arabes  en  Alg^rie.    Paris :  8vo. 

^W.  1857.  Beboud,  Dr.  V. — Lettre  sur  un  voyage  dans  la  partle  mdridionale 
da  Sahara  de  la  province  d'Alger.  Bull.  Soc.  Botan.  de  France,  24th  April  and 
8th  May. 

1906.  1857.  Auoapitalne,  Baron  Henri. — Le  pays  et  la  soci^t^  E^byle. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  28.    From  Nouvelles  Anoales  des  Voyages,  Sept. 

1909.    Contes  militaires  de  la  grande  Kabylie.     Paris :  18mo. 

1910.    Les  confins  militaires  de  la  grande  Kabylie  sous  la  domination 

turque.     Paris:   12mo,  pp.   35. — See  also  Rev.  de  TOrient,  de  I'Alg.  et  des 
Colonies,  nouv.  s^r.,  t.  v.  pp.  413  et  seq, 

1911.  1857.  BoBsignoly  J. — ^Explication  et  restitution  d'uoe  inscription  latioe 
dcoouverte  k  Mdaourouche,  Tancienne  Madaure.     Paris :  pp.  31. 

M.  L^n  Renier  wrote  a  reply  to  this  paper,  pp.  15. 

1912.  1857.  Monglave,  Sugtoe  de. — La  Kabylie:  topographic,  mocurs, 
industrie,  &c.    Bev.  de  TOrient,  de  I'Alg.  et  des  Colonies,  nouv.  sdr.,  t.  iii.  p.  67. 

Review  of  the  article  by  General  Daumas  in  the  *  Revue  Contemporaine.* 

1913.     De  rinfluence  des   Smala  des  Spahis  sur   I'avenir  de  TAlgdrie. 

1.  c  p.  144. 


250 


A  BIDLIOGBAPHr  OF  ALGEliU. 


1914.    Uonglnve,  Ehig.  de. — Colouiea  si 


■  le  Tombeaii 


!s  lie  Si:-tir.     I.  c,  pp.  317  et  uq. 
191B.     1857.    IuBcriptioD  Arabe  de  la  Mosqui^  Maleki  &  Alger.  Commooi^Dfie 

par  M.   Ch.  Texicr,  ct  tradiiit   en    Fran^aia  par  M.   I'Abb^   Barges,  Prolowur 
d'H^breu  k  la  Sorbonne.    1.  c,  p.  263. 

The  ioscriptton  is  given  biith  in  reduced  lac-simile  and 
1816.     1857.    Judaa,  Dr.  A,— Elude  comparative  de  la  languo  berMre, 
pp.  333  et  geq. 

1917.     1857.     Loclerc,  L.— ftliide  sur  le  Mednnsiii   i 

Chritienno.    1.  a,  t.  vi.  pp.  87  et  Kq. 
1018.     1857.    Fabre,  J.  H. — Bulletin  de  I'Alg^ric.    Itecacil  dcs  metDoirei  a 

colonisatioo,  I'agricullure,  lo  cotniUBrce,  I'hisloire,  la  giographie,  I'archtelog 

voyages,  les  mtEura.  5:0.     Coraiuaticed  1856.     Paris :  8vo. 
IdlB.     18GT.    Antran,  J.—MIUaaah :  Episodes  dea  guerres  d'Afriqoe. 

Paris ;  12mo,  pp.  213. 
1930.     1857,    Bocher,  Charlea. — La  prise  de  Narali  (Janvier  1850).    Bev.  dei 

dcus  Mondes,  luih  June. 

A  short  roaumi  of  o|K!rstions  executed  in  the  WeHtem  Aurfe  before  1850 ; 
tho  march  of  Colooi'l  Caarobort  iu  the  Ouni  AbdL,aDd  the  capture  of  Nuah. 
1921.    1857.    Sidier,  ChaTleB.—Cinqu.iDte  jours  an  D^wrL     Paris. 
1923.     185T.     Kiraah,   Dr.  IjCax.— Skiize  der  volkawirthBchaftlichen  ZuBtfinde 

voa  Algerien.     Mit  ItiickaiclLt  uuf  die  deutscbe  AusiraiideruDg.     Oottingen. 


L92S.    1857.    A  Forenoon  CaJl  in  Algiers. — Chambera'is  Joum.,  toI. 
pp.  39-41. 

Narrates  visit  to  a  Cat 


leighbonrhood  of  Algiers, 
iriplion  trouvfie  h  Iiolla  Mar 


1924.    1S5T.    Berbrugger,  A.— 
vol.  ii.  p.  1. 

1926.    EiJigraphie  de  Tleinfen.  &c.    1.  c,  p.  62. 

192a.     RWfa  des  Oulad  Selama.     1.  &,  p.  105. 

1927.  1857.    Fharaon.  Florleui.  —Notes  sur  lea  tiibns  di 
Med^a.    1.  c,  p.  47. 

192a    1857.     Capltftine.  D.— La  Tossala  (Aataillis?)  ct  ges  ruiriea.    i.  c^  \>.  8L 
1828.    1857.    Iiewal,   Capitaine  J. — IlecUerchcs  sur  le  champ  de  bataitle  de 

Zama.    I.e.,  p.  111. 
1930.     1857.     Daumaa,  Ginfiral.— Laclvilitd  puerile  et  honnEte  chez  les 

1.0,  p.  157. 

1981.  1857.    I*e  Glare,  Dr.  H.— Autiquitfi.f  de  la  Kaliilie,     1.  c,  p.  I4a 

1982.     Koukou,  I'aticienne  cnpitnle  do  la  Kahilie.     1.  C,  p.  153. 

1988,    Ituinea  roraiunoa  siir  Ici  hauls  plataaun.    Gas.  Med.  de  TAIg, 

No.  39. 
1934.     1857.    Adolphe,  Dr.  Fr.  'Viotor,— Etudes  itiologiqnes  des  fibvres  en 

Alg^rie.     8vo.     Published  in  tht  Aig^rie  iii6dicale. 
1886.     1857.    Cardon.  £mile.— De  I'agrJculture  en  AlgfJrie.    Paris  :  12mo. 
loss.    1857.    Bfeard,  Viotor. — Les  saints  de  I'AlgSrie,  prffieiit&  h  la  T^n6raUoji 

des  fiddles  avec  approbation  dc  Mgr.  r£vC>iue  d' Alger.    YalcDca  :  12mD,  pp.  39G. 


% 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  261 

1987.  1857.  Bertherand,  Dr.,  and  IL.  Donop,  Lieut.  d'Artillcric. — A^ger,  son 
climat  et  sa  valeur  curative  priocipalement  au  (oint  de  vue  de  la  phthisic.  Par  le 
Dr.  A.  Mitohel,  traduit  de  Panglais.    Alger,  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  85. 

1888b  1857.  Hardy,  A. — Sur  un  fait  dHucubation  de  Pautruche  li  Alger.  BuU. 
Soc.  Imp.  Acclim.,  1857,  p.  524. 

1888.  1857.  C088OX1,  Dr.  Smest  St.  Charles. — Itin^raire  d'un  voyage 
botaniqae  en  Algerie ;  dans  le  sud  des  provinces  d*Oran  et  d'AIger.  Paris  :  8vo, 
pp.  24.  ^ 

1840.  1857.  C088OX1,  £.,  and  Durieu  de  Maisonneuve. — Notes  sur  quclques 
espdces  nonvelles  d'Alg^rie.    BulL  de  la  Soc.  Bot  de  France,  16th  January. 

1841.  1857.  Moquin-Tandon  et  £.  Cosson. — Note  sur  PAnabasis  alope- 
curoides.    BulL  de  la  Soc.  Bot.  de  France,  27th  February. 

1842.  1857.  Bosny,  Ii^on  da — L'opuntia  ou  cactus  raquette  d'Algdrie.  Rev. 
de  POrient,  d*Alg.  et  des  Colonies,  nouv.  s^r.,  t.  v.  p.  49. 

1857.  liOohe,  Capitaine. — Description  d'une  nouvelle  esp^  de  genette 
(G.  Bonaparti).    Bev.  et  Mag.  de  ZooL,  No.  9,  >vith  plate. 

1857.  De  Daz,  Comte  Ii^on  de,  Conseiller,  Rapporteur. — Trace  du 
<:;hemin  de  fer  d'Alger  k  Oran  et  de  ses  embranchements.  Questions  qui  se 
jrattachent  k  P^tablissement  de  ces  lignes.  Rapport  fait  au  conseil  du  gouveme- 
xTient  de  PAlg^rie.    Alger :  4to,  pp.  54,  with  map. 

1857.  Bresnier. — Chrestomathie  Arabe.  Lettres,  actes  et  pi^s  diverses, 
^vec  la  traduction  fran^aise  en  regard,  accompagnde  de  notes  et  d*ob8ervations, 
^iiivie  d*une  note  sur  les  successions  musulmanes.  Alger:  8vo,  with  frontis- 
-pieoe  in  gold  and  colours. 

1857.    Sidi  Khalll. — Prdcis  de  jurisprudence  musulmane  suivant  le  rite 
3dalekite.    Paris :  8vo,  Arabic  text. 

This  rite  is  followed  in  nearly  every  part  of  Africa.    The  work  in  question 
Was  written  by  an  Egyptian  doctor  in  the  14th  century. 

^^7.     1857.    Iiadimir,  J. — Les  guerres  d'Afrique  depuis  la  conquete  d'Alger 

P&>*   les  Franpais  jusqu'^  la  pacification  g^n^rale,  avec  un  aper9U  des  difif^rents 

^*it^  militaires  auxquels  la  France  a  pris  part  pendant  cette  p^riode,  etc.,  et  un 

'^'^n^  historique  des  principaux  ^vdnements  dont  P Algerie  a  6t6  le  thdatre  dans 

^^   C^mps  ant^rieurs.    Paris :  8vo,  plan,  vues,  portraits  et  carte. 

^^^*       1867.    Sooidt^  HouiUtoe  de  Dellys.-— Alger :  8vo,  pp.  12. 

A  society  projected  to  work  the  coal  supposed  to  be  at  Cape  Bengut. 

^^^^<»  1857.  Procte  du  capitaine  Doineau  et  de  ses  ooaccusds  devant  la  Ck)ur 
^^^K^ises  d'Oran  (aoCLt  1857).  Acte  d'accusation.  Interrogatoire  des  ac^us^s. 
^^^^^Mitiondes  t^moins.  R^uisitoire.   Plaidoiries.   Arrdt  de  rejet    Paris':  12mo. 

^®^^^-  1857.  Baillet,  ancien  Avoud  k  Rouen. — N^cessit^  de  la*  colonisation  do 
^'-^l^^^rie  et  du  retour  aux  principes  de  Christianisme.  Pari9, '  Alger :  8vo, 
T^-  366. 

196X«     1857.    Esm^nard  du  Mazet,  CamiUe. — Les  courses  d'Alger.     Poemc. 
Mger :  8vo,  pp.  29. 
^968.    Retraite  de  Constantine.     Po^me.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  18. 

^968.  1857.  Ouillemard,  A.,  Procureur  g^n^ral. — Organisation  de  la  justice  en 
Algeria.  Rapport  k  M*  le  Mar^chal  Gouverneur  gencraL  Alger:  8vo,  pp.  24. 
Another  edition,  4to,  pp.  12. 


\ 


252  A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

1954.  1857.    De  Ijormel,  Conseiller — Rapporteur. — OrganisatioQ  de  la  jiutioe 
Alg^rie.  ModificatioDs  ^  apporter  aux  dispositions  exceptionnelles  de  rordonnano^^ 
du  20  septr.  1842.    Alger :  4to,  pp.  12. 

1955.  1857.  Benier,  Ii.,  Membre  de  rinstitut.— Sur  quelqnes  inacriptioof  dc»» 
villes  de  Thagaste  et  de  Medaure.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  16,  2  plates.  From  th» 
Beyne  Arch^ologique,  14*  ann^e. 

1956.  1857.  Mar^  Dr.  PauL — Note  sur  la  constitution  g^n^le  da  Sabaia 
dans  le  sud  de  la  province  d'Oran.  From  the  Bull,  de  la  Soc  G^l.  de  France, 
2»  s^r.,  t,  xiv.  p.  524. 

1957.    Observations  m^t^rologiques  recaeillis  pendant  les  moia  d'ootobre, 

Dovembre  et  d^mbre  1856  et  Janvier  1857,  dans  le  Sahara,  au  sud  de  la 
province  d'Oran,  et  dans  le  sud-est  du  Maroc.  Paris :  foL  pp.  8.  From  the 
Ann.  de  la  Soc.  de  Mdtdor.  de  France,  t.  v,  p.  172. 

1958.    Note  sur  la  forme  des  dunes  et  les  mouvements  du  sable  i  lear 

surface.  Paris  :  fol.  pp.  4.  From  the  Ann.  de  la  Soc  de  M^t^r.  de  France, 
t.  xii.  p.  284. 

1959.  1857.  Iiaurent,  Charles. — Puits  art^siens  du  Sahara  OrientaL  L  c, 
p.  615,  with  a  map  of  the  district  and  sections. 

1960.  1857.  Des  Vauz,  O^n^ral,  and  Vatonne,  Ing.  des  Mines. — ^Rapport 
sur  les  forages  art^siens  ex^utds  dans  le  Sahara  de  la  province  de  Constantine  en 
1856-57.  Al^er :  8vo,  pp.  23,  with  map  of  the  district„and  6  plates  showing 
sections  of  various  wells. 

1961.  1857.  Montagne,  D.  J. — De  la  section  du  chemin  de  fer  entre  Alger  et 
Blidah.    Blidah  :  12mo,  pp.  25.  * 

1962.  1857.  Carrey,  fenlle.  —  B^its  de  la  Kabylie— Cainpagne  de  1857. 
Alger:  12mo,  pp.  327,  with  map.    Another  edition  in  1858. 

Expedition  of  Marshal  Bandon.    Conquest  of  Kabylia  by  the  divisions  of 
MacMahon,  Yusuf  and  Renault. 

1968.  1857.  Dumas. — Rapport  sur  le  Mdmoire  de  M.  Andr^-Jean  relatif  i 
I'am^lioration  des  races  des  vers  k  soie.    Alger  :  4to,  pp.  36. 

196da.  1857.  Gk>ddard,  Ij'Abb^. — Soir^s  Alg^riennes.  Corsairs,  esdayes  et 
martyrs  de  Barbaric.    Tours :  8vo.    2nd  ed.  in  1858, 

1964.  1857.  Rapport  k  M.  le  Mardchal  Qouvemeur  g^n^ral  de  TAIg^rie,  par 
la  commission  mixte  des  ports  de  rAl<;6rie,  sur  les  projets  des  ^tablissements  ^ 
cr^r  sur  les  quais  du  Port  d' Alger.    Alger :  4to,  pp.  32,  with  plan  of  harbour. 

1965.  1857.  Exposition  gto^rale  des  produits  agricoles  de  I'Alg^rie  en  1857. 
Alger:  8vo,  pp.  44. 

The  Governor-General  in  his  opening  address  says,  "Aprcs  trcus  ans  de 
guerre  formidable;  apr^  trois  ans  de  disette  cruelle,  et  d'^preuves  de  toute 
espece.  •  •  .  partout  la  paix,  partout  Tabondance." 

1966.  1857.  Vaillant,  Mar^chal,  Ministre  dc  la  Guerre.— -Rapport  adi^ss^  ^ 
I'Empereur  sur  la  situation  de  TAlg^rie  au  point  de  vue  de  radministmtion  des 
indigenes  en  1856,    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  45. 

1967.    Instruction  gdn^rale  pour  I'ex^ution  du  dtoet  du  30  d^cembre 

1856,  sur  la  decentralisation  administrative  en  Alg^rie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  16. 

1968.  1858.  Malte-Brun,  Victor  Adolphe. — Itindraire  historique  et  arch^-o- 
logique  de  Philippevillc  li  Constantine  accompagnd  d*une  carte  pr^wntant  le  tracd 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  25^ 

de  raDcienne  voie  romaine,  de  la  route  actuelle  et  du  chemin  de  fer  pr6jctc. 
Paris :  8fo,  pp.  44.    From  the  Koavelles  Aonales  do  Voyages. 

1968.  1858.  KaoOarthy,  Oscar.  —  G^o^qtiphie,  physique,  ^conomique  et 
politique  de  I'AIg^rie.  Alger :  12mo,  pp.  470.  See  also  Peterm.  Mittheil.,  1859^ 
p.  167. 

1870L     Notes  et  notices  alg^riennes.    18mo,  pp.  208. 

1971.    Les  puits  art^ens  du  Sahara,    Rev.  de  I'Orient,  de  I'Alg.  et  des 

Colonies,  nouv.  s^r.|  t.  viii.  p.  150. 

1872.    1858.    Ck>loinb,  Ii.  de. — Exploration  des  Esouis  et  du  Sahara  de  la 
province  d'Oran.    Alger  :  ^vo,  map. 

1878.    1858.    Atisone  de  Chanoel,  Ch.  Ant. — D'une  Emigration  de  noirs  libres 
en  Alg^rie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  62. 

Simply  a  project  for  establishing  a  slave  trade. 

1874.  185a  Foueher,  Viot  Od.,  Directeur  des  affaires  dviles  de  TAlgdrie.— 
Les  bureaux  arabes  en  Alg^rie.    Paris :  18mo,  pp.  51. 

1975.  1858.  Beynet,  Iidon. — Les  colons  alg^riens — Les  Martyrs.  Alger :  8vo, 
pp.  79. 

1878.     1858.    Bibours^  F.  F^lix,  Colonel  diktat-major. — Le  gouvemement  de 
PAlg^rie  de  1852-58.    2  voL  4to. 

r.     1858.    IiavoU^   C. — Du  regime  commercial  de  TAlg^rie.    Revae  des 
<leux  Mondes,  15th  Oct. 

1858.  Davies,  Bev.  E.  W.  Ii.— Algiers  in  1 857 ;  its  accessibility,  climate^ 
Lnd  resources  described  ^ith  special  reference  to  English  invslids.  London :  8vo, 
^]>.  163,  plates. 

K    1858.    Winter  Bemlniscences  of  Algiers.    Bentl.  Miscel.,  voL  xliv. 
p^p.  355-67. 

Founded  on  the  preceding,  but  written  by  one  who  has  personal  acquaint- 
^^nce  with  the  colony. 

K     1858.    Promentin,  B. — XJne  annde  dans  lo  d&ert.    See  Rev.  des  deux 
^f  ondes,  Ist  and  15th  Nov.  and  1st  Dec.  1858. 

\1,    1858.    Walxnsleyy  H.  M.— Sketches  of  Algeria  during  the  Kabylo  War. 
X^ndon :  8vo,  pp.  399. 

1858.    Bobert-Houdin,  J.  Bug.— Confidences  d*un  prestidigi'tateur. 
He  was  sent  to  Algiers  to  destroy  the  illusions  of  the  Arabs  regarding  the 
miracles  of  their  Marabouts. 


1858.  Abd-el-BIader. — Le  livre  d'Abd-el-Eader,  intitule :  Rappel  k  Pin- 
t^elligent,  avis  ^  llndiiT^rent.  Considerations  philosoph.  relig.  histor.  etc. 
iTraduit  le  TArabe  par  G.  Dugut.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  370,  with  flEic-simile  of  letter 
"^o  the  translator. 


1858.    lie   BLamelouok    Ouled    8ed-8uoo.  —  Strophes  k  I'Empereur 
^apol6on  ni.,  14  Janvier  1858.    Alger :  8vo,  ppw  16. 

1858.    Bertherand,  Dr.  B.  Ij. — Des  ressources  que  la  mati^ro  m4dicalc 
X^ut  offrir  aux  pharmacop^  fran9ai8e  et  algdiienne.    8vo. 

1858.    Scoutetten,  Bob.  Jos*  H.<-'Relation  mddico-chimrgicalc  de  la 
<^mpagne  de  Kabylie.    Metz :  8vo. 


251  A  DiiJLioanAPHr  of  algehia. 

19S7.    185B.    Tllle,  Ingeiiiuur  ru  chef  ilea  Mines.— Notice  mm^k^neanrlM 

provincps  d'Oran  et  d'Alger,    Paris:  4to. 
19B8.    1858.    Clement,  Ingctiienr. — Rapport  sur  Ics  indices  d'uii  giKemcnt  da 

corabuatible  luinernl  il  Dcllya.     A  Iger :  4to,  pp.  24. 


1980.     1838.    Duval,  Jules. — De  I'lniiuigration  des  InOiens,  de«  Cliiuiis 
Negre*  en  Alg^riP.     Paris ;  8vo.     From  Joum.  des  ficouomisles. 


ois  ^^^1 


1800.    1858.    Fey,  Iifon.— Uisioira  d'Orau.avnnt,  pendant  el  apii«  la  domi 
e8[iagnole.     Oran  :  8voi  pp.  348. 

1091.    1838.    The  Army  of  Algiers.    Benl!.  Misc.,  vol.  Ir.  pp.  150-7. 
A  review  ol'  Camus' '  Le»  Buhbmes  du  Drapeay.' 

1908.    1858.    Pavy,  Mgr.,  Dishop  of  Algiers.— Appcl  on  fuvtur  de  !a  Chape 
X.  D.  d'Afriqnc     Paria :  8vo. 

1083.    Histoire  critique  du  ciilie  de  In  Vieri^e  en  Afrique 

1904.     1838.    Hajioteau,  lo  Capitaine. — Essai  de  gtainmBire  Knbilc,  renferinaDt 
Icfl  principes  du  lacgn^u  jiirlo  [lar  lea  jiopulationa  du  versaut  nord  du  Jurjiiia, « 
Bp^ialement  par  lea  IgnoiLiouen  (Zouaovia),  &c.     Alger;  8vo,  p]j.  393. 
Excellent. 

1095.  1858.  Q-illote,  Ch..  Difenaeur.— De  I'admiuistratioQ  de  U  juBtice  en 
Algirie ;  CO  qui  a  6ti,  cc  qiii  661,  ce  qui  pourrait  aire.  CkinBtantine  r  ISino.  Jha 
Xo.  2061.  ■■ 

1906.     1858.    Hugonnet,  F.  — Souvcnira  d'uii  chef  do  liuraiu  ainbe.    7^^| 

1007.  1858.  HaiUy,  A.— Note  Bur  I'iucubation  dea  autruclics  it  Alger.  BolL 
Soc  Imp.  Acclim.  1858,  pp.  306-12. 

1008.  1858.  Iioobe,  Capitaia». — Catalogue  des  ninmiuiferea  et  des  oismux 
obserrds  en  Algfiric.     Paris :  8vo. 

1000.    Description  de  deui  uom-ellea  cap&es  d'oiseaus  dtcouverle*  dans  le 

Sahara  algdrien.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  4.    From  ihe  llevue  et  Magnxin  de  Z«ologie, 
Xo.  9,  with  plate.    (Stoparoln  descrti,  and  Malurus  Sahara.) 

5000.    Description  d'une  nouvelle  espdoe  de  Chat  (F.  Margorite).    Ect.  et 

Mag.  de  Zoul.,  No.  2. 

aOOl.  1858.  Dum^rll,  Auguite.— Note  snr  uno  truite  d'Algdrie,  Salar  macr»- 
silgnia.    Extrail  de  la  Kev.  et  Mog.  de  Zool.,  No.  9,  with  pkie. 

2002.  1858.  OosBon,  E.— Letrre  sur  un  voyage  botftni.pio  cx&uti=  en  185^  aoui 
le  patronage  du  Minlstre  du  la  Guerre,  dans  k  parlia  salmrienne  nMlridionale  dM 
jirovincea  de  Constanline  et  d'AlgiT.  AdreswJo  il  M.  Gaj-,  Vice-Pr&ldtnt  dela 
Soci£t^  Botanique  do  Fitmoe.     iiuU.  de  la  Sue.  Ilol.  de  France,  12th  July. 

3003.  1858.  Judaa.  lettre  du  Dcctcur,  i,  M.  Clierbonneau,  aiir  lea  inscrlpticra 
numidico-puniijues,  libyennes  ou  berbires  et  ]ialmyreaiennes,  insiriSes  dans  In 
deui  premiora  Annuairea  do  la  SociiSt^.    Ann.  8oc.  Arch.  Const.,  vol.  iii.  u,  1. 

5001.  1858.  Dooumsnts  hietoriques  sur  ranclcune  figUse  do  Constantine. 
Translated  from  tlie  '  Africa  Christiana '  of  Morcelli,    1.  c,  p.  46. 

2006.    1858.    Foy,  Cliet  de  bat^on  du  Odnie.  —  Notice  arch&ilo^ijnc  sur  le-^ 

Jiedrazen.     1.  C,  p.  58. 
2006.     1^58.     Cberboimsau,   Fro£  A.— Iiifjcrlptions  arahea  dc  h  province  da.* 

OjnaUinline,     I.  c,  p.  70. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHr  OF  ALGERIA.  255 

'.    1858.    Moll,  A.,  Capitaine  du  Gdnie. — Fouilles  faites  H  Lambese,  anx 
uroes  d'AtQ-Drinn  et  k  Ala  Boubennana.    I.  c,  p.  157. 

.    1858.    Fayexiy  Capitaine. — Notice  sur  remplacement  de  plasionrs  villcs 
z-<xnaines  de  la  sub-division  de  Batna.    1.  c,  p.  170. 

L    1858.    BerbraggeTy  A. —  Antiqaitds  da  cercle   de  T^nos.    Eev.  Air., 
irol.  iL  p.  185. 

10.    Les  Romains  dans  le  sud  de  TAJg^rie.    Hants  plateaux  et  Sahara 

d  u  centre  de  TAlg^rie.    1.  c,  p.  276. 

1.    Observations  arch6)logiques  sur  les  oasis  mdridionales  du  Sahara 

sklg^rien.    1.  c,  p.  295. 

Sarcophage  romain  de  Dellis.    L  c,  p.  309. 

l^tude  biographique  sur  Jean-L4on  TAfricain.    1.  c,  p.  353. 

Notice    sur    M.  P^lissier,   I'auteur   des   ^Annales   Alg^ennes.* 


1.  c,  p.  419. 

20X5.    1858.    Iiewal,  Capitaine  J. — ^Tombeau  en  marbre  troav6  A  Souk  Harras, 
I'andenne  Thagaste.    1.  c,  p.  215. 

Note  sur  quelques  4tablissements  romains  dans  le  sud  du  cercle 


de  Souk  Harras.    I.  c»  p.  288. 

^OX7.     1858.    Davenet,  Capitaine. — I tin^rairedescriptif  des  regions  mdridionales 
de  I'Alg^rie.    1.  c,  p.  285. 

L    1858.    Faraon,  Florian. — Les  Chorfa,  fraction  des  Abid.    1.  c,  p.  301. 

« Etudes  de   moeurs  arabes.     Un  manage  sous  la   tente*      Bev. 

de  rOrient,  de  TAlg.  et  des  Colonies,  nouv.  e^r.,  t.  vii.  p.  236. 

L    1858.    Feraud,  Ii.— Note  sur  Tiklat  (Tubusuptus).    Ann.  Soc.  Arch. 
de  Gonstantine,  vol.  ilL  p.  304. 

Exploration  nautique.    De  la  Soummam  et  du  Bou  Sellam  dans  la 

Si'ande  Eabilie.    L  c,  p.  372. 

Notes  sur  Bougie.    1.  c,  p.  458. 


.    1858.    Pavy,  Mgr.,  Bishop  of  Algiers. — La  piraterie  musulmane.    1.  c., 
P-  337. 


1858.  GN)dard,  I'Abb^  Ij^on.— Observations  g^ndrales  sur  la  formation 
^^8  dioodses  dans  Tancienne  ^lise  d'Afrique.    1.  c,  p.  399. 

>.    1858.    Thomas,  GMn^raL — ^Buines  romaines  de  Zefibun.    L  c,  p.  441. 

1858.  Bouz,  DanieL — ^Becberches  biographiques  sur  Mohammed,  sa 
fWinille,  ses  compagnons,  &C.,  pr^^^es  de  sa  g^n^alogie  par  Mohammed  Ben  Abi 
^eid  el  K'erouani.    1.  c,  p.  466. 

.    1858.    Iiewal,  ^Capitaine  J. — ^Taoura  et  ses  inscriptions.     Bev.  Afr., 
^ol  iiL  p.  23. 

1858.    GorgouB. — Expedition  de  Mohammed  el-Eebir,  Bey  de  Mascara, 
us  les  contr^  du  sud,  terminde  par  le  sidge  d'El-Ar'ouat  et  la  soumission 
^^^tn  Mad'L    Translation  from  the  Arabic.    L  c,  p.  52. 

'.    1858.    Broflaelard,  Charles. — Les  inscriptions  arabos  de  Tlem^en.    1.  c, 

a. 

*.    1858.    Berbmgger,  A. — Les  ruiDes  d'Oppidum  Novum^^  Duperr^,  la 
da  Dr.  Shaw,  Yall^  du  Chelif.    1.  c,  p.  95. 

Une  brique  romaine.    1.  c,  p.  102. 

OL.  IL  8 


256  A  BIBU0GRAPH7  OF  ALGERIA. 

2082.    Berbrugger,  A. — Les  casernes  de  Janissoires  k  Alger.    1.  c^  p.  132. 

2033.  1858.  Merder,  H. —  D^couvertes  arch^logiques  k  Aumale  (Auzia)» 
1.  c  p.  128. 

2034.  1858.  Vaysettes,  E.,  Professor  at  the  Franco-Arab  College  of  Constantine. 
— Histoire  des  demiers  Beys  de  Constantine  depuis  1793  jusqu'^  la  chute  d'Hadj- 
Ahmed.    L  c,  p.  107. 

2035.    XJne  prdmenade   dans   la   grnnde  Kabylie.    Alger:  8vo,  pp.  21. 

Mere  notes  of  a  journey  to  the  Cued  es-Sahel,  Chellata,  and  Fort-Napol^n. 

2036.  1858.  DrohoJouBka,  Comtesse  Ant.  Jos.  Fran.  Anne  Symon  de 
Ijatreille. — Histoire  de  TAIg^rie.    Paris :  18mo. 

2037.  1858.  MasBol,  J. — Pr^  foins  et  b^tail  en  Alg^rie,  ou  prairies  naturelles 
et  artificielles,  mani^re  de  les  ^tablir  et  de  les  entretenir,  &a,  &c    Blidah :  8yo. 

2038.  1858.  Bey,  J.  A.,  Banquier. — Reflexions  k  propos  d'une  adresse  de  la 
Chambre  de  Commerce  d* Alger.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  26. 

The  author  reflects  on  the  advisability  of  abolishing  the  Bank  of  Algeria, 
instead  of  augmenting  its  capital. 

2039.  1858.  Qauzin,  Eugene. — ^De  la  situation  du  cr^t,  commercial,  industriel 
et  agricole  en  Alg^rie  et  de  son  organisation  par  la  banqne  de  France.  Alger : 
8vo,  pp.  V.  and  75. 

2040.  1858.  Faicquier,  J.,  et  Ii.Duqueane  Freres. — Colonisation  de  I'Algerie, 
avec  le  concours  d'une  milice  alg^rienne.     Paris :  12mo,  pp.  63. 

2041.  1858.  ChaBS^riau,  Fr^d^ria— £tude  pour  Tayant-projet  d*une  cit^ 
Napol^n-Ville  h  dtablir  sur  la  place  de  Mustapha  k  Alger.  Alger :  folio,  pp.  16, 
with  plan. 

The  proposed  city  is  just  outside  the  Port  de  Constantine. 

2042.  1858.  Darbon,  B.,  Avocat.— De  la  propri6t6  des  eaux  en  Algdrie.  Alger : 
4to,  pp.  22. 

2043.  1858.  Moreau,  Dr.  K  B.  (de  Thuin).— Eaux  thermales  de  Hammaro- 
Meskhoutine.  B6ne :  8vo,  pp.  125,  with  a  plau  of  the  environs,  and  a  lithographic 
view  of  the  springs. 

2044.  1858.  Launay,  D.,  Commissaire  civil  de  Marengo. — Simple  systeme  de 
colonisation  algerieuLe.  Alger:  8vo,  pp.  16.  Letter  to  Prince  J^apolt^n^ 
Ministre  de  rAlg(5rie  et  des  Colonies. 

2045.  1858.  Perroi;!,  Dr. — Femmes  arabes  avant  Q]t  depuis  Tlslamisme.  Paris : 
8vo. 

2046.  1858.  Montagne,  D.  J. — Les  chemiDS  de  fer  alg^riens  devant  le  omseil 
g4ndral  dn  d^partement  d* Alger.    Blidsh  :  12mo,  pp.  28. 

2047.  Montagne,  D.  J.— -Dernier  mot  sur  le  chemin  de  fer  d'Alger  &  Blidab. 
Blidah :  8vo,  pp.  29. 

2048.  1858.  Sarlande.— Opinion  sur  la  crdation  des  chemins  de  fer  en  Afrique. 
Algor :  8vo,  pp.  16. 

2049.  1858.  Jtmg,  L  19'.,  Notaire.— Projet  de  loi  de  finance,  impdt  gdntolise 
sur  toutes  les  valeurs  relies  qui  produisent.    Bougie :  12mo,  pp.  24. 

2060.  1858.  Boany,  L^on  de.— Etudes  d'agriculture  alg^enne.  F^ris,  Alger,. 
Constantine :  12mo,  pp.  36. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  2j7 

^M61.  li^i.  De  la  Mare,  Chef  d'escadron  d*artillerie. — Etude  sur  Stora,  port 
de  PhUippeville.  Paris :  8vo,  with  plans  and  views.  From  the  M^m.  de  la  Soc. 
Imp.  des  Antiquaires  de  France,  t.  xxiv. 

Full  of  interesting  archeological  matter. 

1858.    DuvemoiSy  Clement. — L'Algdrie  ce  qu'elle  est— ce  ^qu'elle  doit 
etre.  '  Essai  6conomique  et  politique.    Alger,  Paris :  12mo,  pp.  400.  , 

Pourquoi  des  douanes  en  Algdrie  ?     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  20.    From  the 


Rev.  de  I'Orient  et  de  TAlg^rie. 

Lea  chemins  de  fer  algdriens.    From  the  Rev.  de  TOrient,  de  TAlg, 

des  Colonies,  nouv.  s^r.,  t.  vii.  p.  337.    Also  separately,  8vo,  pp.  38. 

Le  Minist^re  de  I'Alg^rie  et  des  Colonies.    I.  c,  t.  viii.  p.  1. 

La  question  douani^re.    1.  c,  p.  65. 

L'enseignement  public  en  Algdrie.    L  c,  p.  185. 

Le  commerce  du  sud  de  TAlg^rie.    L  c,  p.  269. 

La  rtoganisation  de  TAlgdrie.     Lettre  k  S.AL  le  Prince  Napoleon 


charge  du  Miniature  de  PAlg^rie  et  des  Colonies.    Paris :  18mo. 

A  review  of  M.  Duvemois'  various  works  on  Algeria  is  contained  in  the 
Bov.  de  rOrient,  de  I'Alg.  et  des  Colonies,  nouv.  s^r.,  t.  viiL  p.  309. 

1S58.  Auoapitaine,  Baron  Henri. — Bou  Saada.  Bev.  de  rOrient,  de 
I'Alg.  et  des  Colonies,  nouv.  sdr.,  t.  viii.  p.  236.  . 

1858.  Gillotte,  C,  D^fenseur. — De  radministratioii  de  la  juaiioQ  en 
Alg^e— ce  qui  a  6t& — ce  qui  est — ce  qui  pourrait  Stre-«-Alger.  Paris  z  12mo, 
pp.  224.— See  No.  1995. 

1858.  Colomby  M.  K  do.  Commandant  sup^rieur  de  G^ryville. — 
Exploration  des  Ksours  et  du  ^hara.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  63,  with  map. 

1858.  Rapport  sur  les  produits  de  TAlg^rie,  qui  ont  figurd  a  I'exposition 
du  mois  de  mai  1858.  From  the  Journal  de  la  Soc.  Imp.  et  Centr.  d'Hort.,  iv. 
pp.  353-96. 

1858.  Exposition  i>ermanentd  a  Alger.  Catalogue  des  produits  dc 
PAlgdrie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  97. 

1858.  Bobe,  Eug.,  Avocat. — Manuel  du  contribuable  alg^rien :  taxe  sur 
les  loyers.    Alger :  18mo,  pp.  78. 

1858.  Fescheux,  B^m^on. — Quatre  africaines.  Ponies.  Paris :  12mo, 
l)p.  105. 

Poems  of  no  merit,  written  in  Algeria. 

1858.  Buvry,  Dr.  J*, — Exploration  scientifique  du  Djebel  Aurte  en 
-Alg^rie.  Rev.  de  I'Orient,  de  I'Alg.  et  des  Colonies,  nouv.  s^r.,  t.  vii.  pp.  47  et  sefj, 
—See  also  No.  1889. 

1858.    Daumas,  G^n^raL — ^La  Soci^t^  Eabylc.    1.  c,  p.  305* 

1858.  IieguestyX^Abb^. — Y  a-t-il  ou  n'y  a-t-il  pas  un  Arabe  vulgaire  en 
-^Ig^rie?    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  50. 

"^^0.     1858.     Cherbonneau,  A. — Dialogues  arabcs  i\  Tusage  des  fonctionnaircs 
^t  des  employ&j.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  240. 

1858.  Bonfont,  Gh.  —  Quelques  iddes  sur  la  colonisation  alg^rienne. 
^ari« :  4to,  pp.  16. 

8  2 


•258  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

.2072.  1858.  Boy,  E.— Les  colonies  fran9aises  en  1858.  Paris :  80,  pp.  200,  with 
64  illostrations. 

2078.  1858.  Schramm,  Oekonomie-Kommissionsrath. — Neae  Briefe  aus  Algerien 
iii^d  die  Friiblingsflora  aus  Algier  und  Umgegeud  im  Jahre  1858.    Bnmdenburg. 

2074.  1858.  Fraud,  IsmaiL — Importance  des  progr^  de  la  meunerie.  Alger : 
4to,  pp.  20,  with  a  plate. 

2076.    1858.    Bodiohon,  Barbara  J*.  Smith. — Guide  Book.    Algeria  ocxoaidered 
.    as  a  winter  residence  for  the  English.    London :  12mo,  pp.  104. 
Portions  of  the  work  are  signed  by  her  sister  A.  L.  S. 

2076.  1858.  Ijormel,  M.  de,  Conseiller,  Rapporteur. — Organisation  de  la  justioe 
en  Alg^rie.     Second  rapport.     Alger :  4to,  pp.  11. 

2077.  1858.  Tasaim,  M.,  Rapporteur. — Rapport  au  Conseil  de  (jouvemement, 
sur  I'opportunite  de  oontinuer  les  encouragements  accord^  k  la  culture  de  colon. 

It  concludes  with  a  '*  projet  <de  d^ret "  encouraging  the  cultivatioD  for  three 
years. 

207a  1858-59.  De  I'Alg^rie,  depuis  k  prise  d*Alger  (5  juillet  1830)  jusqn'^  la. 
creation  du  Miniature  de  TAlg^rie  et  des  Colonies.  Lithographed  for  the  £cole 
Imp^riale  Sp^iale  Militaire.    4to :  pp.  110. 

2079.  1859.  Itoi  relative  k  la  fondation  d*une  banque  en  Alg^rie,  decreed  by  the 
Emperor  12th  March. 

2060.  1859.  Cave,  Ijaurenoe  Trent,  late  Captain  54th  Regiment. — ^The  French- 
in  Africa.    London :  8vo,  pp.  243. 

Chaps,  i.,  ii.,  and  iii.  give  the  ancient  history  of  Algiers,  the  remainder  that 
of  the  French  conquest 

2061.  1859.    Bevue  Alg^rienne  et  Coloniale.    Paris. 

This  had  only  two  years*  existence.    It  was  the  organ  of  the  Minist^re  de 
TAlg^rie,  and  did  not  survive  that  short-lived  institution. 

2062.  1859.  Jus,  Ing^nieur  Civil. — Notes  sur  le  Sahara.  De  Biskra  k  Tema^in 
par  la  route  de  I'Oucd  Rir.    Rev.  Alg^rienne  et  Coloniale,  October,  p.  49. 

2068.  1859.  Du  Bouohage,  F.,  Lieutenant  de  vaisseau. — ^titude  sur  les  pQrt» 
de  commerce  de  la  province  Constantine.    1.  c.,  p.  65. 

2064.  1859.  Duranton,  Inspecteur  du  service  des  tabacs. — Culture  du  tabac  en. 
Alg^rie.    1.  c,  p.  82. 

2065.  1859.  Bobe,  Bug^ne,  Avocat. — £tat  actucl  de  la  propri^t^  immobili^ie 
en  Algdrie  au  point  de  vue  de  la  l^islation.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  16. 

2066.  1859.  Duval,  Jules. — L'Algdrie;  gouvemement,  administration,  irnmi* 
gration.    Rev.  des  deux  Mondes,  15th  April  and  15th  May. 

2067.  1859.  Boucher  de  Cr^veooaur  de  Perthes,  Jaoques. — ^Voyage  ezi. 
Espagne^  et  en  Alg^rie.    Paris :  18mo,  pp.  612. 

The  writer  never  went  beyond  Algiers  and  its  immediate  neighbourhood. 

2067a.  1859?  Harcourt,  Edward  Vernon.— Sporting  in  Algeria.  London  s 
16mo,  pp.  187. 

2066.  1859.  CosBon,  Em.  St.  Charles.— Considerations  g^n^rales  sur  1» 
Sahara  algerien  et  ses  cultures.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  23. 

From  the  Bull,  de  la  Soc.  Imp.  Zool.  d'Acclimatation,  t.  vi.,  I7th  Feb. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  259' 

'.  1859.  Abou  Obeid  el-BekrL — Description  de  TAfrique  geptentrioDale. 
Tradait  de  TArabe  par  Baron  MacGuckin  de  Slane.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  432.— See 
also  No.  1894. 

1859.    KaoCarthy,  Osoar. — ^Notes  et  notices  alg^riennes.  Alger  :  12mo. 

1859.    Fxomentixiy  SSugtoe. — Un  6t6  dans  le  Sahara.    16mo. 
There  is  also  a  splendidly  illustrated  edition,  Paris,  8fo. 

Une  ann^  dans  le  Sahel.    12mo.    Another  edition,  8vo,  pp.  849.^ 

No.  1595. 

L  1859.  Bargto,  VAhM,  J.  8.  Ii. — Tlem9en,  ancienne  capitale  du  royanme 
de  ce  nom.    Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  479, 12  plates. 

This  work  abounds  in  information  of  the  most  valuable  nature. 


1859.    Carron,  TAbb^. — Voyages  en  Alg^rie.  Ch&lons-sur-Mame  :  8vo, 
pp.  216. 

K  1859.  Bevauz,  C,  Capitaine  au  1  '.Zouave. — ^Les  Eabatles  du  Djerdjdra; 
etudes  nouvelles  sur  les  pays  vulgairement  appel^  la  Grande  Kabylie.  Marsdlle  i 
12m0y  pp.  468. 

The  best  book  on  Eabylia  till  the  appearance  of  Hannoteau  and  Letoumeux's 

great  work. 

1859.  Constitutioii  Booiale  de  la  Kabylie.  Eev.  Alg^r.  et  Colon., 
October. 

Extract  of  a  report  of  the  General  commanding  the  division  of  Algiers:  A 
good  resumi  of  what  was  then  known  of  the  Djemaa,  the  Sof  and  the  EarrOmi 
of  the  Eabyles. 

r.    1859.    I«angloi8,  Hippolyte.— Souvenir  d'un  prisonnier  dAbd-el-Eader. 
Paris  :  12mo,  pp.  351. 

1859.  Blalcealay,  Bev.  J.  W. — Four  months  in  Algeria,  with  a  visit  to 
Carthage.  Cambridge  :  8v<t,  with  maps  and  illustrations. — See  also  Peterm. 
Hitt.,  p.  167. 

).    1859.    Bro88elard,  Charles. — ^Les  Ehouan,  de  la  constitution  des  ordrea 
Teligieux  musslemans  en  Alg^rie.    Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  36. 

A  work  of  great  learniug  and  value.  It  was  translated  into  Spanish  by 
T.  Artufio  y  Ors,  Spanish  Consul  at  Oran,  and  published  at  Madrid  in  1860. 
--See  No.  2199. 

SIOO.  1859.  Hun,  F^lix. — ^Excursion  dans  la  Haute  Eabylie  et  ascension  au 
^amgoutt  de  Leila  Ehedidja,  par  un  Juge  dAlger  en  vacances.  Alger :  8vo, 
Pp.280. 

^^^1.     1859.    Adolphe»  Fr.  Victor.— M&iecine  et  hygiene  des  pays  chauds  et 
^P^cialement  de  l'Alg6rie  et  des  colonies.    8vo,  with  map  of  Algeria. 

^^^     1859.    Munby»  O. — Catalogus  plantarum  in  Algeria  spontd  nascentium. 
^^i^n  :  8vo,  pp.  35. 

The  number  recorded  is  2600  species.    No  descriptions  are  given. 

*^^     1869.    BebeauZy  O.,  Pharmacien  aide-major.— Boghar  et  sa  v^gdtation. 
-^Iger :  8vo,  pp.  12.    From  the  Gazette  M^dicale  de  TAlgdrie. 

1859.    Bexthelot,  8. — ^De  Pacclimatation  en  Alg^rie  des  principales  essences 
^"^^estidres  des  ties  Canaries.    Bull.  Soc.  G^ogr.  Paris,  2«  sem.,  p.  329. 

^O^.     1869.    Bertherand,  Dr.  Alph.  Pr. — ifitudes  sur  les  eaux  min^rales  de 
^'Alg^rie.    Paris :  8vo. 


1 


3W'^  A  ItlDLIOGSAPHV  Ot~  ALGKKIA.  ^^^^^H 

SlOe.     1859.     Bonand,     Ii.— Dea    dispoSitioda    a   ^lUMldte :tp■»^  Its'   plant^M' 

ixlg^riens  |>our  livrer  dii.  toiac  &u  comoiGrce.    Algsr :  8vo,  pp.  16.    Published 

under  the  auapicoB  of  Ibe  SociSW  d 'Agriculture. 
S107.    1859.    Berbruggev,  A.— fipigwphie  da  Lelln  Mar^a.    Her.  Aft-.,  toI.  lii. 

p.  173. 

2106.    Uti  Chfiiif  Kablle  en  1604.    1.  o.,  p.  209. 

2100,    La  Fnlygnniie  Stusuloiane,  ses  aauees  fatales  at  le  moyea 

lU'lruire.     1.  &,  p.  25*. 

2110.    Rubnui  (en  Arabe  Hadjnr-er-Koum).    L  c,  p.  277. 

2111.  - — —  Colonaes  militnires  ilea  environs  de  Cberebel.     Rot,  Afr.,  ' 
p.  18. 

2112.     La  mort  du  fondiiteiir  de  la  Btgenoo  d'Alger.     L  c,  p.  25. 

2115.    Li  coionie  de  Rasgunia  (Matifuu).    1.  c,  p.  3G. 

2114.    Bapi.lt  (Sour  Djouab).    I  c,  p.  47. 

21U>.     Livret  de  la  Bibliotbfique  et  Muaee  d'Alger.     1.  c,  p.  ■!". 

2116.     Gcronimo,  le  martyr  du  fort  dea  Vingt-quatro  Heiiros,   Ji   Alger. 

1.  Lb  d^couverto  de  boh  corps.     2.  Sa  vie  de  1542  A  1569.     3.  nioes  k  I'appiii. 

A  fltor^  of  tiio  deepest  interest. 
3117.     1859.    Peraud,  L.— L'Oued  el-Kebir  et  Collo.    Her.  Afr.,  vol.  iii.  p.  199. 
21ia     1859.     TiUe,  Ingioicur  des  Mines.— Notice  mir  leg  reeherches  d'eau  potoblo 

dans  le  sud  de  la  jiruvince  d'Alger.     L  c.,  p.  041. 
2119.    1859.    Meyer,  Alphonss,  Interprgtc.—OrigincdeH  habitants  de  la  EatnLle 

d'aprds  la  tiidition  locale.    1.  c,  p.  357. 

The  EahylcB  maintain  tlmt  tbej  are  of  loreign  origin,  some  of  the  tribes 
being  Feriiian,  others  Arab. 
2180.    1859.    X^y,    IiAon    HenrL— TImici    ooUnia.      (Ain    Temoucheiit    dc 

Pouest.)     1.  c.,  p.  420. 
3S21.    1859.    SeToulx,   A. — Expedition  d'O'Beilly  d'aprte  un  document  bnc 

1.  c,  p.  436. 
2122.     1859.     Charboimeaii,   A,— Inscriptiou   arabe   de   la   Madrasa   de    Sidi'l 

Akhdar  4  Constantine.     I.  c,  p.  460. 
3138.    1868.    BroHselard,    Charles.— £  pit  nplie    d'lin    Koi    Grenadin   mort    i 

Tiemfen.    1.  c.,  p.  68. 

This  is  thi;  tombstone  of  Boii  Abdulla,  last  kiag  of  Granada. 
2124.     1B59.     ilk  Clerc,  I>r.— In»crii>tioQB  arabes  de  Mascara.     1.  c,  p.  42.       ^g 
3186.    1859.     Cherbonaeau,  A.— AVtha,  i\^le  de  Bougie.     1.  c,  p.  34.         ,^H 
2138.    1859.    Ancapitaine,  Baron  Hanrl— Idicra.    1.  c,  p.  71.  '^^| 

2127.     ■ Ruinea  romainoa  cliez  les  Boni  Oiiaguennoun  (Kabylie)  le  Fnndli* 

Pelrcrwia.     Hull.  Soc.  GAigr.  Puria,  2"  eem.,  p.  254. 
S1S8.    fitudo  8«r  I'origine  de?  tribus  berbirei  de  la  bnute  Kabylic.    ExL 

du  Joum.  Aeiatique,  1859. 
2188.     Otigine  des  fraotiona  do  Marabouta  diuiB  ies  ptqwlations  K'boilcs. 

liev.  do  rOrient,  >le  I'Alg.  et  doa  Coloniea,  mmw.  a^r.,  t.  i,  p.  471. 

S180.     £tiidoa  r^centcs  BUr  les  dialeclea  Vwhifs  de  I'Algfrie.     Sro, 

3131.    1859     Au  Frinoe  MiniBtre.    Yiens !    FoSme.    Mlliana:  8<n>,  p.31 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERU.  261 

2.    1859.    Btablissement  poiir  peine  en  Alg^rie. — ^Application  des  oon- 
m^3  sr^muia  ^  des  travaux  d'utilit^  publique  et  de  colonisation,  par  E.  L.    Alger :  8fo. 

.  S:^  3.    1859.    I>evoulz,  A. — Le   RaTs   Hamidou.      Notice  biograpbique  sur  le 
X  *  ^us  o^ldbre  oorsaire  alg^rien  du  xiii*  si^le  de  Th^gire :  d'apr^s  des  documents 
sr^  ^Jthentiques  et  pour  la  plupart  inddites.    Alger :  12mo,  pp.  111. 
He  was  killed  in  1817  in  an  action  with  an  American  frigate. 

1859.    Colombay  P. — A  mes  ^Idves.    Poesies  nouvelles.     Alger:   24mo, 
\\  43. 

1859.  Bibonrt,  F.,  Colonel  d'lfitat-major. — Le  gouvernement  de  I'Algdrie 
1852  k  1858  (Grouverueur  le  Mar^chal  llandon).     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  94. 

A  very  interesting  period  of  Algerian  history,  comprising  the  conquest  of 
Eabylia  and  the  Sahara. 

1859.    Agry,  Charles. — '  Le  gouvernement  de  TAlg^rie,'  par  M.  Bebourt. 
.  Militaire,  Nov. ;  review  of  the  preceding. 

1859.    Oliabaud-la-Tour,  GMn^ral  Baron. — Examen  de  I'ouvrage  in- 
^al4  '  Le  Gouvernement  de  I'Algdrie,'  &c.    Journ.  dea  D^bats,  10th,  12th  July. 

1859.    Souvenirs  d*un  offioier  du  2^  Zouaves.    Paris :  12mo. 


1859.  ILadimir,  J. — Les  guerres  d'Afrique  depuis  la  conquSte  d' Alger  par 
Xc^^  Fran^ais,  jusque,  et  y  compris  I'expddition  de  Kabylie  en  1858,  &c.  Paris : 
-^  t^o,  pp.  431. 


1859.    Hugonnet,   Captain   F. — Bugoaud,   Due  d*Isly,   Marshal   de 
i^'^jrance,  le  oonquerant  do  TAIgdrie.     Paris :  Svo,  pp.  50. 

1859.    Gevers  De^noot,  W.  T.— Alger iii  in  1858.      Tijdschrift  voor 
(aathuish.  en  Statistiek,  vol.  xvi.  p.  317.     Zwolle :  Svo. 


1859.    Wahu,  Dr.  A. — ^Deux  positions  trop  in^gales.    Un  mot  en  faveur 
mddecins  coloniaux  de  TAlg^rie.     Alger :  3vo,  pp.  64. 

1.    XJne  ville  d^h^rit^e.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  14. 

An  appeal  in  favour  of  Gherchel,  the  ancient  Julia  Cassarca. 

1859.    Kolb,  Dr.  Edmond. — llltudes  sur  I'hygi^ne  de  TAlgdrie.    Mont- 
X»«llier:  8vo,  pp.  135. 

1859.  Atisone  de  Chancel. — Cham  et  Japhet,  ou  de  T^migration  des 
^gres  chez  les  blancs,  considdr^e  coinme  moyen  providentiel  de  r6g^n6rer  la  race 
^Sre  et  de  civiliser  TAfrique  int^rieure.    Paris  :  8vo,  p.  104. 

A  project  for  State  participation  in  the  slave  trade. 

1859.    Marte,  Dr.  Paul. — Detail  des  observations  indiqudes  dans  une 
ote  lue  k  la  Soc.  Mdtdor.  de  France  le  14  juillet  1857,  et  faitcs  dans  le  sud  de 
province  d'Oran.    Alger :  foL  pp.  15.    From  the  Ann.  de  la  Soc.  M4t^r.  de 
«unce,  t.  vii.  p.  222. 

1859.      Qingens-Ija    Sarraz,    Aymonde.  —  Refutation    du    septidme 
pport  de  la  Gompagnie  des  Colonies  de  Sdtif.    Lausanne :  4to,  pp.  66. 

Demidre  rdponse  au  conseil  d'administration  de  la  Compagnie  des 

^^^^oioiues  de  S^tif.    Lausanne :  4to,  pp.  32. 


1859.    laarooho. — Note  sur  les  communications  k  dtablir  entre  TAlg^rie 
^^  i^  S^n^aL    Bull.  Soc.  G^gr.  Paris,  1*  sem.,  p.  374. 

1859.     Pharaon*  FL,  et  Bertherand,  £.  Ii. — ^Vocabulaire  fraQ9ais 
a  Tuaag^  des  m^ednds-v^tdrinaires.     18mo. 


»ua  A  BIBLIOGR.\PBT  OF  ALGEillA. 

2148.    1S59,    Cordon,  E.— Le  ciieniiiia  de  fer  do  I'AlgiSrie.    6vo. 

21B1.    1859.    Daveyrier,  Henri. — Voyage  dans  le  pnys  da  Beni  M'xab. 


a  dee  C3i*iilA 


Knickerbocker,     New   Yotki 


du  Monde,  t 

2163. Coup  d'wi!  s 

occideslaus,  with  mnp.    B 

S153.    18S9.    Civilieation    of    Algeria.- 
vol.  liv.  ].p.  191-7.  ^m 

2164.  1859.     Tha    Algerian    Iiiterature    of   Tr&DCe.     Nortb.    Brit.    I|^H 
Tul.  xsz.  pp.  1-21.  '^H 

2166.  1869.  Oiintber,  Albert— On  the  reptiles  itnd  fishes  collected  bj  tha 
Rev,  B.  Triatram  in  Northern  Africa.    Proc.  Zooi.  Soc.,  London,  p.  469. 

2166.  1859.  Buvry,  Dr.  Ii^opold,  of  llerl in.— Voyage  dans  le  Sahara  oriental 
alg^rien.  Deacrijition,  nrcliwlogii',  hisloiro  nalurelle,  nature  dtt  aol,  positioo, 
liraitos,  Lydrographk'.  Iluv.  de  I'Orient,  do  I'Alg.  et  des  ColonicB,  nonv.  slt., 
t.  X.  pp.  481  et  teq. 

5167.  1859.    Bemten  Feaclieiix. — Lcs  Tuuaregs  ^  ConefaDtine.    I.e., p.  53G. 
2166.    1859.    Ifoirot,  A. — L'AlgiSrie  agi'icule,  cointnerciale,  industricllp,cuuteniiiit 

de«  tni'moires,  dea  niooographieB  et  des  renseignemenls  de  toute  nature  sur 
Vagriculture,  la  colonisation,  Ic  comiscrce  et  tes  diverees  iudiisiries  alsgrienMK. 
Tome  1",    8vo. 

5168.  1860.     Baudioour,  Louie  de.— Histoire  do  la  coloniaalion  de  I'A 
Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  584. 

aieo.  1860.  Cauqull,  Dr.— l^tuJes  fconomiquea  de  TAIgdrie.  Administrattoir. 
caDtonnemcDt  des  indigenes.    Oran  :  6vo,  p[).  98. 

— HistMK- 


Descriptioi 


Hagriy 


¥ 


2162.    1860.    De  ICaesoL— France,  Algerie,  Orient,  BouTCnirs,  etudes 

Versailles :  8vo. 
2168.    1860.    Qo<(je.  J.  de.— Al-Jaqubii  (ol-Yokoub).     Descriptioa  El-Hails' 

ed.  et  verlit.  .  .  .     Lugd.  Balav.     8vo. 
SI64.    1860.    De  Colomb,  Ii. — Notice  sur  lea  oasis  du  Sahara  et  eur  lea  routes 

qui  y  coiidui«cnt.    Paris:  8vo. 
2166.    1660.    HajTa,  J. — Papei  iiuevo  que  cantan  li  los  Moros  Afritanos.    Elche. 

2166.  1860.  Bourlier,  CbarleB,  and  Dr.  Edmond  Brucb.— Revue  Horticola 
de  I'Alg^rie.    Commenced  in  18G0  ;  contiuuol  till  1864. 

2167.  1860.    FUliaa,  Aoh.  Et— Histoire  de  la  conqueto  at  de  la  coloniBatiol 
I'Algfirie  (1830-1860).    Paris  ;  Svo,  pp.  156. 

2iea  I860.  BrogUe,  Albert,  Prince  de.— Une  rSformo  administrative  1 
Algdrie.  Palis  ;  18mo,  pp.  242.  Also  three  articlea  in  the  Revue  des  deux. 
Mondcs,  1st  January,  15th  January,  and  Ist  May.  1.  Descoaditioneda  notre 
itabliasement  colonial.  2,  L'ancienne  administration  et  lcs  gouTcmeurs  gjajrmiilt. 
3.  Des  devoirs  nouveaux  du  gouvernemcnt  colonial  en  AlgWe.  "^^^ 

3169.     18E0.    Montegut,  E.— Un  artiste  franfaia  en  Afiiqw. 
— See  lioT,  des  doux  Mondee,  15ih  June,  1800. 

2170.    1860.    Hun,  E.— Promensdcs 
jugo  d'Alger  en  coiigd  pour  cause  ilc  sanxi. 


atiol^^H 


ibyles,  r>^^| 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  ALGERIA.  263 

71.  1860.  Oreuly,  G^fo^raL — QuestioDs  de  chronolpgie  et  dliistoire  k  propos 
^k  ^ine  ^pitaphe  du  t*  si^le  (that  of  Bishop  Novatiua  of  SetifJ.  Ann.  Soc.  Arch. 
dSonst.,  ToL  It.  p.  1. 

I860.    Molly  Capitaine  de  G^nie. — ^M^moire  historique  et  arch6ologiquo 
Tebeflsa  (Theye8te)*et  ses  environs.    1.  c,  p.  26,  and  vol.  v.  p.  188.    Published 
parately  1862,  Constantino  :  8vo,  pp.  148. 

8.    Inscriptions  romaines  d^uvertes  k  Tebessa  et  dans  les  environs 

;f:»^3iidant  les  Bxm4ea  1858-59.    1.  c.,  p.  176. 

.^r^-l*    1860.    Payen,  Capitaine. — Inscriptions  in^dites  de  la  subdivision  de 
tna.    L  C|  p.  87. 

Mi.    1860.    Bombonnel,  le  tueur  de  panth^res.    Ses  chasses  Writes  par  lui- 
^me.    Paris :  12mo,  pp.  300. 

C    I860.    Barrtoe,Ii'Abb^— LeG^n^raldeTartas.  R^t  deses'exp^itions 
ilitaires  en  Afrique,  d^apr^  sa  correspondance  et  d'apres  le  t^moignage  des 
C3cument8  officiels  et  de  plusieurs  de  ses  compegnons  d'armes.    Paris-Bordeaux  : 
pp.221. 

1860.  Booderbay  L,  Interprdte  au  Bureau  Arabc  de  Laghouat. — Voyage  a 
^^^t.    Paris :  pp.  145. 

The  writer  accomplished  in  four  months  the  distance,  1395  kil.,  between 
the  two  places  above  mentioned. — See  Rev.  Alg^rienue  et  Coloniale.  Also  Bull. 
Soc  G^ogr.  Paris,  p.  145. 

1860.  Ij*Alg^rie  et  ses  relations  ext^rieures,  par  I'auteur  du  'Droit  de 
^'^onnage  en  Alg^rie.'    Alger :  24mo,  pp.  34. 

1860.    Bapport  de  la  commission  charge  d'^tudier  les  modifications  qu*il 
utile  d'apporter  au  regime  des  entrepots  en  Algdrie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  14. 

1860.  Cooke,  Q.  Wingrove. — Conquest  and  Ck)lonisation  of  North 
Africa.     Edinburgh,  Blackwood :  8vo. 

1860.  TriBtram,  Bev.  H.  B.,  subsequently  Canon. — The  Great  Sahara : 
^V'andering  south  of  the  Atlas  Mountains.     London :  8vo,  pp.  435. 

An  interesting  record  of  travel  in  a  region  then  little  known ;  not  without 
historical  errors.  The  appendices  contain  physical  geography,  geological  system, 
history^  mammals,  birds,  reptiles,  mollusca. 

On  the  Ornithology  of  Northern  Africa.    The  Ibis,  1860,  p.  74. 


1860.    Windham,  W.  Q. — Up  among  the  Arabs  in  1860 ;  or.  Jottings  in 
^^-Igeria  and  Tunis,  Descriptive  and  Sporting.     London:  12mo,  pp.  96,  with 
poor  illustrations. 
A  work  of  no  merit 

1860.     Outrey,  M. — Dictionnaire   de  toutes  les   locality  de  I'Algdrie. 
ger :  18mo.    Suivis  des  tableaux  des  distances  l^gales. 

1860.    Fietra  Santa,  Dr.  Prosper  de.— Du  climat  d'Alger  dans  les 
fi^ectbna  chroniques  de  la  poitrine.     Happort  fait  k  la  suite  d'lme  mission 
2i:^^diGale  en  Alg^rie,  et  prdsent^  au  Minist^re  de  TAIg^rie  et  des  Colonies.    2nd 
Fftris :  8vo,  pp.  1^8. 
I860.    Aucapitaine,  Baron  Henri. — £tude  sur  la  domination  romaine 
la  haute  Kabylie.    Bull,  de  la  Soc.  G^ug.  de  Paris. 

La  Zaouia  de  Chellata;  excunsion  chez  les  Zouaona  de  la  haute 

^^^*ylie.    TA6m.  de  la  Soc.  de  G^.  de  Genfeve. 

An  intereating  paper  on  the  manners  and  traditions  of  the  Eabyles,  with 


264  A  BIBLIOGRAPUY  OP  ALGERIA. 

2188.  1860.  Aucapitaine,  Baron  HenrL^Les  Kabyles  at  la  colonisation  de 
TAlgdrie,     Paris:  18mo,  pp.  182. 

A  remarkable  work,  in  which  the  author  recommends  the  Kabyles  for  the 
cultivation  of  Algeria. 

2189.    Un  kanoCln  ou  code  Kabyle.    Rev.  de  TOrient,  de  I'Alg.  et  des 

Colonics,  nouv.  sdr.,  t.  xi.  p.  187. 

These  ancient  codes  are    the    most    interesting   monuments   of  Beii)er 
democracy. 

2190.  1860.  Bertherand,  Dr.— Les  eaux  min^rales  et  les  bains  de  mer  en 
Alg^rie.     8vo. 

2191.  1860.  ThibaucL— Alg^rie  et  colonies:  acdimatement  et  colonisation. 
12mo. 

2192.  1860.  BouBset. — Culture,  exploitation  et  am^nagement  du  chdne-li^  en 
France  et  en  Alg<Srie,  suivis  d'un  ^tat  d^taill^  des  forSts  de  chSne-lidge  de  TAlg^rie. 
8vo. 

2193.  1860.  Fabre,  J.  R.— Des  grands  travaux  d'utilitd  publique  ex^outds  en 
Algdrie  et  dans  les  colonies.  Rev.  de  TOrient,  de  TAlg.  et  des  Colonies,  nouv.  sdr., 
t.  xi.  p.  321. 

2194.  1860.    Commerce  de  la  France  avec  TAlgdrie.    1.  c,  December. 

2196.  1860.  OUlotte,  Cfli.,  Avocat-ddfenseur. —Traits  de  droit  musulman, 
prdc<^d6  du  dtoet  du  31  ddcembre  1839.  Accompagn6  d*une  notice  InMite  sur 
Sidi-K*helil.    Constantine :  8vo,  pp.  168. 

2196.  1860.  De  renseignement  du  droit  en  Alg^rie,  ou  de  la  creation  d'une 
dcole  pr^paratoire  de  droit  ^  Alger.  Par  un  Algdrien  Progressiste.  Alger :  8i*o, 
pp.  40. 

2197.  1860.  Cuttings,  NathanleL— Journal  of  an  Embassy  to  Algiers  in  1703 
under  Col.  David  Humphreys,  with  an  introduction  by  W.  G.  Brooks  (editor). 
Hist.  Maga.  Now  York,  vol.  iv.  pp.  262  et  seq. 

2198.  1860.  Algeria  under  the  French.  Dublin  Review,  vol.  xlvli. 
pp.  273-329. 

This  recognises  the  immense  gain  to  humanity  that  has  been  achieved  by 
the  occupation  of  Algiers. 

2199.  1860.  Ortuiio  y  Ore,  T.,  Consul  de  Espaila  en  Oran. — Constitucion  de  las 
Sociedades  Religioso-Mudulmauas  por  M.  Charles  Brosselard  (see  No.  2099).  Tnda<*> 
cido  y  anotado  jwr  ....    Madrid:  12mo,  pp.  56. 

2200.  1860.  Roblnet  de  Clery,  Avocat-g^n^ral. — Essai  de  transcription  hypo- 
th(5caire  dans  les  tribus  du  Tell  algdrien.     Alger :  8vo,  pp.  16. 

2201.  1860.     Cormenln,  Ij.   M.  de  la  Haye,  Vlcomte  de. — ^Le  droit  de 

tonnage  en  Alg^rie.     Paris :  ISmo. 

2202.  1860.    Proofs  du  Cadi  Mohammed  bou  Abdulla  et  de  ses  coaccus^s 

devant  la  Cour  d'Assise  d'Oran  (aoClt  1860).    Alger :  8vo, 

2208.  1860.  Touchard  et  Ijacoste. — Histoire  de  la  gendarmerie  d'Afrique  et  de 
la  colonic  d'apres  les  documents  de  Tarme  (1830-60).     Alger :  8vo,  pp.  554. 

2204.  1860.  Personneauz,  A. — Rapport  sur  le  recmtement  do  la  bureaucxstie 
publique.    Oran. 

2206.    1860.    Bresnler,    Ii.  V.— Expedition   de  Chellala,  par  le  Bey  d'Oxan 
-i  Mohammed  el  Kebir.     Rev.  Afr.,  vol.  iv.  p.  175. 

-2206.    1860.    P6raud,  K— Entre  S^tif  et  Biskra.    1.  c,  p.  187. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 


2(>5 


SSXfl.  1960.  Devoti]x.-^Aliad  Aman.  .  On  rdglemmit  politique  et  militaire. 
Texte  turCy  traduit  ea  arabe  par  Mohammed  ben  Moustafa,  et  reproduit  en 
fran^ais.    1.  a,  p.  211.     Published  separately,  see  No.  3023. 

2206.  DevoubL — Notes  historiques  sur  les  mosqu^es  et  autres  6diiioe8  religieux 
d'Alger.    1.  c,  pp.  467  et  seq, 

2209.  1860.    MaoCarthy,  O.— Les  inscriptions  de  Kubra9.    I.e.,  p.  275. 

2210.  1860.  Berbrugser,  A. — ^Manuscrits  espagnols  en  caract^res  arabes.  L  c, 
p.  297. 

2211.    Les  fronti^res  de  TAlg^rie.    1.  c.  p.  401. 

2212.     Une  exp6dition  romaino  incite.    L  c,  p.  434. 

2213.  1860.  Ausone  de  ChauoeL — Premiere  Alg^rienne.  A  poem..  1.  c., 
p.  365. 

2214.  1860.  Bolard.— NoUce  sur  T^lipse  totale  de  soleil  du  16  juUlet  1860, 
yisible  en  Espagne  et  Alg^rie.  1.  c,  p.  375,  with  maps  and  plates.' j  Also  published 
sepamtelj,  Svo,  pp.  16.  > 

2215.  1860.  Aucapitaine,  Baron  H.— Mausolde  d'Akbou,  vallde  d'Oued  Sahel. 
L  c,  p.  418. 

2218.    Notice  sur  la  tribu  des  Alt  Fraou^en.    L  c,  p.  446. 

2217.  1860.  Iieoloro,  Dr.—Campagne  de  Eabyliditti  18o0.  Route  de  S4tif  & 
Bougie.     1.  c.,  pp«  426  et  se^.  j 

22ia  1860.  Voyage  de  Iieum  •  Majeet^s  en  Algtdrie  (septembro  1860). 
lUustre  des  gravures  public  par  VJUustratian,    Paris  N4to,  pp.  44. 

2219.    1860.    Ii'Empereur  Niipol^on  HL  et  r Algdrie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  35. 
A  glorification  of  Algeria,  France,  and  the  Emperor.    A  work  of  no  value. 

2220. .  1860.  Hanoteau,  A. — Essai  de  grammaire  do  la  languo  Tamachek, 
feofermant  les  principes  du  langage  parl^  par  les  Imouchar*ou,  Touareg,  &c, 
Taris:  8vo.  With  a  facsimile  of  writing  in  Tifinar*  character. — See  also  Rev. 
Afr.,  vol.  iv.  p.  477. 

An  important  work,  accompanied  by  a  map  of  Berber  groups  in  Algeria, 
showing  how  the  total  number  of  855,159  Berber  inhabitants  are  distributed. 
An  analysis  of  this  by  Pruner  Bey  is  contained  in  Bull.  Soc.  G^ogr.  Paris, 
1863,  2*  sem.,  pp.  267-81. 

^1.    1860.    Notice  sur  les  mines  d'Ain  Teraouchent.    Oran  :  8vo. 

^882.  I860.  Charpentier,  A,  Officier  d'Infanterie.— Notice  militaire  et  his- 
^rique  sur  I'ancienne  ville  de  Lamboese,  province  de  Ck)nstantine.  Paris :  8vo, 
^3  plates. 

1860.     G-uiUemard,  Procureur  G^n^ral. — Inistallation  de  la  justice  musul- 
^^ane.    Discours.    Alger  :  8vo,  pp.  12. 

1860.    Baohe,  Paul  Eugene. — Origine  et  constitution  de  la  propri^t^ 
i"itbe  en  Alg^rie  avant  1830.    Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  9. 
From  the  Revue  Alg^rienne  et  Coloniale. 

1860.  Duxnoustic,  J. — Solution  du  probl^me  de  la  colonisation  alg^- 
-line.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  27. 

By  means  of  exempting  peasants  from  the  conscription  and  sending  them  to 
-Algeria. 

,    1860.    Fregier,  C. — De  I'^tablissement  d'un  jury  special  d'expropriation 
"^"'^^fclique  en  Alg^rie,  par  un  magistrat  alg^rien.    Alger  :  Svo,  pp.  iii.  and  32. 


168  A  ElBLIOGRAPHV  OF  AI.GEU[.\. 

1227.     1860.     Biofaard,  Capitaine  Ch. — Lea  myaleres  du  penple  anbe.     Pwts     ^ 

18mo,  pp.  242. 

iaas.    I860.     Henri  Duveyrier's    Beise  ia  Noni-Afrika.     Petermann's  Hit —  = 

theiluDgeu,  p,  55. 

1289.     1860.    United  States  and  the  Barbary  States.    Atlnntic  Monthly-^ 
vol.  vi.  pp.  641-67. 

Narmtca  the  fan m illations  sulTcrcd  bj  the  United  States  for  nearly  twenty- 
five  years. 

— Tlemgen  ct  Tomboctou.    Alger:  8vo,  pp.  21. 

2S81.     1860,     Muller,  Ii.-^NiimiGmntt(|ue  de  I'tLDcienue  Afrique.     CopeohAgue. 
S  vol.  4to. 

This  learned  work  was  oommencad  in  this  year  and  completed  in  1862.    It 

coDtatna  a  scientific  olatisiiicntioii  of  aU  the  Greek  and  numim  money  of  Nortb 

Africa  from  Cyreoe  to  Uauritania.     It  ia  one  of  the  most  important  works  erec 

written  on  Africa, 

2232.     1860.     Iieflocb,    IkjuIs.— Mahomet— Al     Koran— Algiirie—fitadea    hit- 

toriques,  philuaophiijuea  ct  critiiiues.     Paris,  Alger:  12nio,  pp.  288. 
2283.    1860.    B6chade,  Henri. — La  chossu  en  Alg^rie.    Paris :  12mo,  pp.  266. 

Followed  by  I'hysionomiea  algiSriennea ;  1«  Bandit,  Je  Marabout,  &o. 
22S4.     1860.    Xiefbbrre,  l£arle. — EKquisses  alg^rieanes,  prose  et  vers.    Ouvrage 

public  par  les  Algeriens.     Alger :  8to,  pp.  387. 
SSSe.    1R6Q.    Fescheux,    IUm4on.—La    Porte    du    Cuuchant,    oti    Tlemfea 
I'ombrag^e.    Po£me  eu  12  chante  accump(^6  d'eaqtussea  hiatoriqucB  africaines. 
Paria :  Svo,  pp.  67. 
2336.     1860.     Har^   Dr.  Paul.— B^utnd   do  quolques   oWrvntions  m£tJor<>- 
logiques  faites  dans  \e  and  de»  provinces  du  Cunstantioe  et  d'Alger,  pendaut  les 
niois  de  miu  &  juin  1858.     Paria:  fol.  pp.  30,     From  the  Annuairc  de  la  Soc 
Mfit&ir.  de  France,  t.  viii.  p.  34. 
8S37.     1860.     Petition  adressde  jiar  les  habitants  de  BOne  et  de  Guelraa  1  SJL 
Napolfon  III.     BOne :  4to,  pp.  1 1.     Prolesting  against  the  line  of  railway  bong 
made  from  Constantino  to  Philippevllle  instead  of  lo  B6ne, 
2238.    IBGO.    De  I'Alg^rie,  )>ar  raiiporl  i,  une  nouvelle  guerre  en  Europe  et  par 

rapport  A.  aon  nvenir.     CouHlautitie  :   Ifimo. 
2288.    li^CO.    Berbrugger,  A.— Livret  explicatif  des  colleotiona  divcrses  de  U 
Bibljothfeiue-Musue  d'Alger.    Alger :  16mo. 

2240.    Le  Peflon  d'Alger  ou  les  origines  du  gouveniement  lure  en  AlgMe, 

Alger :  3vo,  pp.  107. 

2S41,    Du  iiieilleur  syslemo  &  suivre  pour  I'esploration  de  PAfrique  oentnte. 

Publication  de  la  SocieW  Bislorique  Algfrienne.     Alger:  8vo,  pp.  viii.  and  72. 
2242.     1860.     Berthoud,  A.— Notre  premtSre  caravane.     Alger:  8vo,  pp.  Sa 

The  author  gives  his  ideas  of  how  the  first  caravan  should  be  orgatiiseii 
which  is  to  carry  the  natioDal  manufactures  to  the  Soudan  and  bring  bacic  tlia 
rich  (?)  producta  of  that  country  "  en  quantity  finormea." 
149.     1860,    Boger,  Joseph. — Catalogue  du  MusC-e  Arcbdologiqua  de  Philippc- 
»iHe,    Philippoville :  8vo. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  267 

1860.    Hardy,  A. — Catalogue  des  v^gctaux  ct  graines  di8(X)Diblcs  oil  mis 
en  vent  par  la  p^pini^re  du  gouvernement  au  HamDa.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  80. 

This  U  followed  by  papers  on  the  transplantation  of  trees,  and  on  several 
new  species  recently  acclimatised  at  Algiers. 

Importance  de  TAlgdrie  comme  station  d*acclimatation.    8vo,  pp.  20. 

SMa     1860?     Boosmalen,  A.  da— L'Alg^e  telle  qu*elle  sera.     Paris:  8vo, 
pp.  32. 

The  author  corrects  all  the  misrepresentations  regarding  the  colony  and 
gives  his  own  ideas  of  how  it  should  be  conducted,  on  the  strength  of  having 
established  a  Lyc^  at  Rio  de  Janeiro  I 

2947.    1860.    C^6bration  de  la  prise  de  Tetuan,  k  Alger,  par  les  artisans 
eapognols.    Alger :  12mo,  pp.  16. 

2248.    1860.    Martin,    Dr. — ^Manuel  dliygi^ne  a  Ihisage    des    Europcens  qui 
viennent  8*4tablir  en  Algdrie.    Alger :  8vo. 

SS4B.    1860.    Broglie,  A.  de. — Une  r^forme  admmistrative  en  Afrique.    Paris : 
12ma 

1860.  Cardon,  E.,  et  A.  Noirot. — Guide  du  visitcur  k  rezixwition 
permanente  de  TAlg^rie  et  des  colonies.     Paris :  12mo. 

1860.  Dictioimaire  arabe-fran^ais,  contenant  toutes  les  racines,  leurs 
d^riv^  dans  les  idiomes  vulgaire  et  litt<^ral,  dialectes  d'Alger  et  de  Maroc,  par 
Kasimirski  de  Biberstein.    Paris :  2  vol.  8vo. 


1860.  Hugonet,  Fred. — Fran^ais  et  Arabes  en  Alg^rie :  La  Moricidre, 
Bageaud,  Daumas,  Abd-el-Kader,  Sec.  Paris :  12mo,  pp.  276,  portrait  of  Greneral 
La  Morici^re. 


1860.  Bonis,  Dr.  J. — Recherches  sur  les  suppurations  enddmiques  du 
foie,  d'aprte  les  observations  recueillies  dans  le  nord  de  TAMque.  Paris:  8vo, 
pp.450. 

1860.  Terwange,  Louis. — Du  rouissage  du  lin,  du  chanvre,  de  Tortie  de 
Chine,  &c    Lille  (Nord) :  8vo,  pp.  8. 

.    1860.    Noel,  L.— La  vie  de  bivouac  (Alg6rie--Crim^e— Italic).    Lettrcs 
intimes  revues  et  annotto  par  Elie  de  la  Primaudaie.    Paris :  12ma 

1860.  Cherbonneau,  A — Indications  de  la  route  de  Tuggurt  k  Tom- 
bouctou  et  aux  Monts  de  la  Lone.  Translated  from  the  Arabic.  Paris :  8vo, 
pp.  12.    From  the  Hev.  Alg^.  et  Colon. 

9S57.    Inscriptions  latines  d^uvertes  dans  la  province  de  Constantine. 

Ann.  Sec  Arch,  de  Constantine,  voL  iv.  pp.  114-209. 

Dtouverte    de    18    monuments    numidiques    (proscynbmes)    et 


^pitapfaes.    1.  a,  p.  214. 

Notice  et  extraita  da  Eunouan  ed-Diraia  fi  Mechaiekh  Bidjaia,  ou 


Gtlerie  des  litterateurs  de  Boogie  au  vu*  si^le  de  FHdgire.    Paris  :  8vo. 

« 

1860.  Marbaud,  Pierre. — Coup  d*oeil  sur  Alg^rie  pendant  la  crise  de 
I^d-60,  et  reflexions  sur  le  d^cret  relatif  k  la  vente  des  terres  domainiales. 
^<^«tantine :  8vo,  pp.  40. 

^-^.       1860.    Didier,  H.— L'Algerie  et  le  d&ret  du  24  nov.  1860.    Paris :  8vo. 

1860.    Duvemois,    C14ment.  —  La   libertc  de   discussion.     Lettre    k 
Pr^fet  d'Alger.    Alger :  18mo,  pp.  85. 


968  A  ElULIOGRAPHV  OF  ALGERIA. 

22es.    1S6D.    I>uvenioi3,  Clement.— I^t  tie  k  Mgr.  Tuvj.    Alger 

3364.    18G0.    Iia  Hays  de  Comemln,  Vioomte  L.  M.  de. — L'AlgJrie  oi  «i 

ralaliotis  exWrieiircH.     Alger:   V2mo, 
2286,     1^130.     Beleieux,  Julee. — Exsai  sur  In  natuialisation  collective  d«a  m'^^KJui 

gines  Isniuiitcs,    Alger :  Hvo,  [■>ii,  2i.  « 

3366.  1860.     La  queaUon  juiva  en  Al^rie,  ou  da  la  luturalisaLioa  des  JiK::v~Vn|| 
als^rieoB.     Pur  un  Algerien  Progrtsaiata,  J.  C.  F.     Alger:  8vo,  pp.  77  BndUi. i. 

3367.  1860.    Dubeau,   I'AbM. — L'enrAat  trouvS  et  I'Algfrie,  ou  coloDissff~:*~~IiH 
agricolede  I'AfriquflfraiU'aise.     Paris;  8fo,  pp.  171. 

Tlie  author  attempts  to  settle  two  important  questionH,  the  a  melioration -*:^«  in 
the  condition  of  faunQliu<;s  in  Frnuce,  and  the  colonisation  of  Algeria. 

2268.  1860.     airardin,  K  de.— Civilisation  de  TAlgerle. 

Contains  alsn  two  letters  from  M.  Cldmeat  Duvernois,  formerl;  edbn ="  n/" 

the  Ala&ie  Nouvello. 

2269.  1860.  Duponohel,  Bdm. — Cent  mille  homiaes  en  Algdrio.  Projet  •!'> 
oolonisaliou  militaire.  Solution  tcoaomique  et  pratiiiue  ile  la  question  d'Al^^S". 
Par  ua  vieil  Afrlcain.     Paris  :  l^vo,  pp.  64. 

A  criticism  cm  thu  preceding. 

2270.  tSCO.    Frobl&me  de  k  colonisation  algdrienne.    Alger :  8vu, 

2271.  18G0.    Situation    des    Maronltes    ea    I86a    Algiers.     Anoo.  &-^'0, 
pp.  64. 

This  was  written  at  tlie  time  of  the  massacres  in  Moitnt  LBbanon,  aod     »ta 

object  wfl3  to  auggedt  the  iromigratioo  of  the  MarODiles  to  Algeria. 

227a    1860.    B^rail,  Uon.  —  Leu  institutions   apriceles  do  I'Alc^rie.     Be«-«*^ 

historique  Bur  I'orgaoiitBtion  des  fermosHjcoltta  et  ilea  fermes-mod41e«,  des  comi<5^^ 

et   des  aocititds   agricoles,  des  ohamhrcs  d'ngriculture  et  des  BXpositifHU  et  d^^** 


3273.     1860.     J.  C.  F.— LazarioB,  ou  lesi  Principes.     Dialogue  sur  la  contr»ir**- 
par  corps.    Par  im  Algerian  Progresdisie.    Alger:  Svo,  pp.  50, 
To  illustrate  the  hardship  of  impriionment  for  debt. 

2274. —  £tudeB  Ifigislatives  et  judiclaire6. — De  la  Garde  Naliouali:      ^  ~^ 

de  la  milice  dans  sea  rapports  aveo  la  laillile  en  France  ou  en  Alg^rie.    Alg":^"    * 
8to,  pp.  28. 
2376.     1860.     Bieet,  P.— Lettra   de  la  Rainte  TicT^   trouvi5e  dans  la  chap*:^   "^ 
provistnre  de  Noire  Dntiie  d'Afrique  et  adress^  a  Louia  Antoine  Augastiw 
£v6quo  d' Alger.     Alger  ;  Svo,  pp.  80. 

A  criticiam  on  tlie  Mandetnent  of  the  Bishop  in  1858,  on  the  "  Culle  da 
SaintB  Vierge."  A  long  poleraio  preceded  and  followed  this  brochure,  wbtc' 
would  be  useless  even  to  quote, 

2276.     Confession   d'un   Catlioliqne   repoussfi   du   confeasiooal,  pour 

protests   centre   le   nouveau   dogiiiu  de   I'iinniacitlce   conception.       Atger: 
pp.  -17. 

2277.  I860.  Denis,'  ancicn  Magistr.it,  —  Lo  Spirituel  et  le  Temjiorel.  ' 
Monaeigneur  Pavy,  fivoquu  d'Alger,  A  I'occasion  de  aori  ManOenient  but  U  Car^^^'^™* 
de  1860.     Alger;  8vo,  pp.  31. 

3378.     1860.     Pavy,  Mgr. — Lettre  circulnire  aur  les  forniules  d'cxcommunicat"'^^''" 

Alger :  8yo,  pp.  12.  j 

Marked  "  ConfiilentieUe,"  and  addressed  to  his  clei-gy.    The  Bistiup  qSl^^^H 

from  Tristram  Shandv.  ^^^H 


A  BIBUOGBAPHT  OP  ALGERIA.  261> 

« 

2279.     1860.    Pavy,  Mgr. — Olwervationa  presentees  k  M.  Dupin  aln^,  Procureur 
g^n^ral  et  S^nateuTy  sor  son  discours  du  29  mars  1860.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  22. 

The  Bishop  criticises  severely  the  Procureur's  work,  'Manuel  de  droit 
eccl^astique.' 

1860.    Fabiani,  Horace. — Episode  de  la  charitd  en  Algdrie.  Paris,  Alger : 
dvOy  pp.  58. 

This  treats  of  the  influence  of  religion  on  charitable  societies,  and  of  the 
inatallation  of  the  society  of  St.  Francis  Xayier.     * 

1.  1860.  Duponty  Paul,  Membre  du  Corps  L^gislatif. — Un  dernier  mot  sur 
tndtements,  leur  insuffisance  ct  la  n^cessit^  d'un  rdglement  g^n^ral  pour  toutes 
1.0S  administrations  centrales.  Paris :  8yo,  pp.  116.  This  includes  at  p.  102, 
*'    IMinistdre  de  I'Alg^rie  et  des  Colonies.' 

1860.  Feuillet,  Dr. — De  la  phthisic  pulmonaire  en  AlgMe.  Preservation 
gu^rison  de  cette  maladie  par  Taction  du  climat  alg^rien.  2nd  edition,  revised 
d  augmented.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  35. 

1860.    Booms,  P.  Q. — ^Veldtogt  van  het  Fransch-Afrikaansche  leger  tegen 
lein  Kabylie  in  de  laatste  helft  van  1851.    's  Bosch :  8vo. 

I860.    Astoin,  J.  B. — Petit  traits  d'agriculture  et  resume  des  devoirs  du 
^rant  d'une  ferme  agricole  en  Alg^rie.    Alger :  12mo,  pp.  11. 

1860.  Notice  sur  les  ruines  romaines  d'Ain-T4mouohent,  Oppidum  Timici 
la  Mauritanie  C^rienne.    Oran :  8vo,  pp.  15. 

1861.  Amaud,  Ii.— Histoire  de  I'Ouali  Sidi  Ahmed  et-Tadjani.    Rev. 
'.,  vol.  v.  p.  468. 

7.    1861.    Berbrugger,  A. — Les  Alg^riens  demandent  un  roi  fran9ais  en 
XS72.    L  c,  p.  1. 

Demise   dynastic    mauritanienne :    Juba   II.,  C16opatre  S^l^ne, 

X^tol^^    1.  c,  pp.  81  et  9eq. 

Arch^logie  des  environs  d' Alger.    1.  c,  pp.  131  et  seq, 

Burgus  Centenarius.    1.  c,  p.  185. 

Abdulla  Terdjuman.    1.  c,  p.  261. 


1861..   Dngaty  G-. — Traduction  de  Sidi  Hamedben  Mohammed  ben  Mokri. 
Cf  p.  422. 

1861.    Qodard,  Lton. — Observations  critiques  sur  quelques  points  de 
l^liiBtoire  du  Christianisme  en  Afrique.    1.  c,  p.  48. 

Souvenirs  de  Tezp^ition  de  Ximen^  en  Afrique.    1.  c,  p.  54. 


1861.    Oorgoua. — Bou  Bas,  historien  inddit  de  TAfrique  septentrionale. 
^*  a,  pp.  141  et  seq. 

Ambassade  marocaine  en  Espagne  au  18*  si^le.    1.  c,  p.  456. 


1861.  Quin. — Notice  snr  le  Cheikh  Gassan  des  Guechtoula.    L  c.,  p.  308. 

1861.  HanoteaUy  A. — ^.Arch^ologie  du  territoire  des  Beni  Eaten.    1.  c, 
^  174. 

1861.  PeUetler.-— Entre  S6t\i  et  lo  Bou  Taleb.    1.  c,  p.  447. 

1861.  Forille  et  Pelletier. — Entre  S^tif  et  Coustantine.    1.  c,  p.  191. 

1.    1861.  Poule,  A — Buines  de  Bechilga  (Zabi).    1.  c,  p.  195. 

1861.  VayasetteBy  E. — De  Bou  Sada  h  Batna.    1.  c,  p.  294. 


270  A  ElBUOGRAPHr  OK  ALGERIA. 

S808.    1801.    QaBtlneau,  Benj.,  a  political   IransiwW.— Da  PHris  en  Alg(ri»>Kr 

Voyages  et  chasses  eti  Algeria,     llluatrated  by  GiwUve  Dore. 
2304.    Les  fomtnea  et  les  mcEurs  en  Aigerie.     12nio, 

aa05.    1861.    L'AbM  B. .  .  .    B  .  .  ,■— Quelques  annfes  en  Afrique,    Souvenir^K^ 
ToulouBe  :  IBaio.    Prem.  partie,  pp,  GO ;  deus.  partie,  pp.  62. 

aSOe.    1861.    Colomiou.— Voyage  an  (ioiirnra.    Nouv.  Ann.  iles  Voyages. 


9308.     ^[ude  Biir  la  caravane  de  la  Mecqiie  et  le  conmierce  de  I'intfirieur  do 

I'Afriqiie.    Faria :  Sra,  pp.  7,  double  coU. 

From  the  PubltcntionB  de  rAcnddmie  Nationals,  Agricole,  MaonfacturiSre  el 
Commercial e,  July  and  August.     A  valuable  paper,  baring  especial  reference 
to  the  aoutii  of  Algeria. 
2308.     1861,     Duveyrior,  Henri. — ^Voyage   daus   le   pays  dcs  Beni   Mezab  ca 
1839.    Le  ToLir  du  Monde,  No.  90,  pp.  177-92. 

Leltera  written  by  the  troveUer  to  his  father,  elated  Gardaia  and  Methllly, 
July,  August,  and  September.  He  went  as  far  as  El-Golea.  A  remarkable 
book  in  every  respect.  A  notice  of  it,  under  the  title,  '  Reiae  iiach  Inner- 
Afriko,'  ia  contained  in  Petermann's  Mittheilungen,  vol.  v.  p.  34S,  vl.  p.  55. 

Anolher  article  on  Duveyricr'a  travels  in   1860   is  contained   in   Peterra. 
Geog.  Mitth.  for  1861,  p.  389,  under  the  title, '  Henri  Daveyrior'a  Keisen  und 
forschuBgen  ini  Grenzgebieto  von  Algier,  Tunia  und  Tripoli,  18G0.' 
S910.     1861.     Alphoiue,  T. — De  la  colonisation  en  Algcrie  par  la  fondaUon  de 

villea  au  moyen  d'un  empruot.     8vo. 
S311.    1861.    De  la  Frlmaudaia,  F.  £lie.— Le  commerce  et  la  navigation  de 
TAIgdrie  avaut   la  conqu6te  franpiise.     Pub.  souk  les  auspices  du  Mioistire  de 
TAIgfrie  et  des  Colonics.    Paris :  8vo,  pji.  316,  with  map. 


la   Dumidico-puniquea, 
p.L — See  also  voL  ti, 


3812.  1801.  Judas,  Dr.  A.— Sur  diT-neuf  inscriptio 
d6couvertea  i\  Constanliue.  Ann.  Soc.  Arcli.  CunsL,  roL  v 
p.  67. 

2818.    186L    Cherboimeaii,  FioT.  Augiiste.— L'aquedua  de  Lemellefenuent 
(Khcrbet  Zcmbia).    I.e.,  p.  225. 

,  Capitaine  du  Giiiie. — ^Inacriptiona  romwoestnmrtot 
1.  c,  p.  252. 

231B.    1861.    Fayen,  I>e  Capftatne.— Inscriptions  latines  de  la  subd i virion  d« 
Batna.    I.  c,  p.  115. 


3817.    1861. 

de  voyage  c: 

2818.     1861. 


DuTeyrier,  Henrt — Let  I  re 

IS  I'AufSs.     I.  c,  p.  106. 

Gabryel,  L. — Hovues  algcrien 

J  Algirie.     Lyon :  12mo,  pp.  223. 

Creuly,   Qiaii&L — Sur  une 


Thagaste). 
2319.     1661,    Duval,  Jules.- 

d 'agriculture.    8yo. 


inacripli 
colonies  de  I'A!; 


des   inscriptiont  romaioea  n- 

1858-60,  suivies  d'un  lUnSrure 
trouveo   4    Soukahraa 


1  concours  Datioual 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  ALGERIA.  271 

186L  J/Alg6rie  et  le  D^oret  du  24  novembre.  Oran,  Alger,  Paris : 
B7O9  pp.  29. 

The  aathor  remarks,  **  Le  gouyemement  g^o^ral  est  supprim^.  Le  Minbt^ro 
de  FAlg^rie  et  des  Colonies  le  remplace ;  et  aussitOt  la  colonie  entre  dans  une 
vole  rapide  de  d^rganisation  et  de  decadence.'' 

2821.  1861.  Giraud,  M. — ^Le  Gouvemement  de  I'Alg^rie.  Trente  mois  de 
minist^re  sp^iaL  P^riodc  du  minist^re  sp^ial  depuis  son  iostitution  (aodt  1858) 
jusqu'au  mois  de  d^cembre  1860,  ot  fut  r^tabli,  dans  d'autres  conditions  toutefois, 
le  gouvemement  g^o^raL    Paris :  8vo. 

The  writer  maintains  that  the  work  of  the  Ministry  was  **  afifranchissement  ** 
in  every  department,  political,  administrative,  and  economic. 

2822.  1861.  De  la  Fruston,  F.,  ancien  officier  de  I'Artillerie. — Le  Marshal 
Bugeaud  consid^r^  comme  tacticien  et  strat^giste  didactique.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  29. 
Reprinted  from  the  Spectateur  Militaire. 

2828.  1861.  Farkes,  Bessie  B. — ^Algerine  Interiors.  Once  a  Week,  voL  iv. 
p.  356,  illustrated. 

1861.    Voisin,  G. — ^L'Alg^rie  pour  les  Alg^riens.    Paris :  8vo. 

1861.  Ollivier,  XSmest,  Directeur  du  Port. — Quelques  observations  sur 
le  Port  de  Djidjeli.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  8. 

1861.  Cauvin,  Joseph. — ^Alger:  revue  satirique.  Alger:  8vo,  pp.  12. 
A  poem. 

1861.  Fer80iineaux,*A,  Courtier  Maritime. — Coup  d'oeil  sur  les  institu- 
tions coloniales  alg^riennes.  Chambres  de  commerce  et  Tribunauz  alg^riens. 
Oran :  8vo,  pp.  38. 

2827a.  1861.  Taillefer,  Oswald. — ^De  PAlg^e  et  de  nos  colonies  au  point  de 
▼ue  fran9ai8  et  anglais.    Pdrigaux:  8vo. 

1861.  Varin,  FauL — ^L'Alg^rie  deviendra-t-elle  one  oobnie?  Paris: 
8vo,  pp.  32. 

1861.    Cooquerel,  A. — L'Alg^rie  devant  le  corps  l^gislatif.    Alger :  8vo, 

pp.  11. 

An  appeal  for  more  liberal  institutions  in  Algeria. 

1861.  F^ffoeux,  Pharmacien  k  Biskra. — Analyses  du  sang  chez  les  indigtoes 
de  I'Alg^rie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  27.    From  the  Gazette  M^icale  de  PAlg^rie. 

2881.  1861.  Meroier-Iiacombe,  Commissaire  du  gouvemement  pour  la  discus- 
sion du  Budget— Budget  de  PAIg^rie.  Corps  L^gislatif.  Discours  en  rdponse  k 
H.  Randoiug,  D^put^.    Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  13. 

An  account  of  the  general  situation  of  the  colony,  and  the  amount  it  cost 
to  France. 

1861.  Circulaire  from  the  Direction  Divisionnaire  des  Afbires  Arabes  at 
Algiers  regarding  "  la  r^emption  des  populations  indigenes.''   Alger :  4to,  pp.  69. 

1861.    Frojet  de  Rapport  k  TEmpereur.    Alger:  4to,  pp.  58. 

This  was  prepared  by  a  commission,  the  object  of  which  was  to  prepare  a 
decree  determining  the  principles  to  be  observed  in  the  matter  of  *'  cantonne- 
ment  indigtoe." 

1861.    Bapport  sur  le  droit  de  Tonnage  et  sur  diverses  autres  questions, 
ooncemant  le  r^me  commercial  de  TAlgerie.    By  a  commission  of  the  Chamber 
of  Commerce.    AJger :  8vo,  pp.  31. 
VOL.  n.  T 


379 


*  BllSLIOGRArin'  OP  ALGERIA. 


SSSe.    1861.    Desvauz,   G^ndr&l,  commaiidaDt  la  Bivision  Ac  ConstcQline.--^ 

Bapport  au  Gouvei'neur-g^Dfi'ral  sur  les  puits  nrl^HieriE  executes  daos  la  diTJaion  dc 
Ccmslaiitine  ea  1^50-130.     ConstantiDc :  Svo,  [>;>.  49,  witli  tables  aod  map. 
3386.     1861.    Foumet,— LcUre  but  les  t^jiiltnts  et  des.obserratJone  biles  en. 

Alg^rie.     Ann.  de  k  Sot  Imp,  d'Agri.  da  Lyun. 
2387.    1861.    Thierry-Mies,    Ch.— Six  ramaines  en  Alg£rie.      Souveoirs  ia 

voyage.     Paris;  12uio,  pp.  413. 
3330.     IBSI.     Algerlena   Handel   iind   wichtigBte    Kullurzweige  im   J.  ISGC. 

Preusa.  HandeU-Archiv,  T  Juni  1H61,  S8.  563-66. 
3339.     1861.     DesaoiBe,  Ii'Abb4  F.— Ia  nouralle  i^glise  d'Afrliiae,  on  rdponee  ii 
UD  article  du  Correspuiidant.    Maiaeille  :  Svo,  pp.  29. 

The   artiole  in  qneatioii,  bearing   the  same  name,  ajipeared   on  the  25lli 

September  ])recedin5,  from  the  i>eu  of  the  Abhd  Marty,  Aumflnier  of  the  Lycec. 

S340.     1861,     Oonseil  Sup^rteiir,     Projet  de  diScret  Biir  la  constitution  de  la 

propridtd  ohcz  lea  Anibes.     Algi^r  ;  Svo,  pp.  68. 
SS41.    1861.    Beiaaud,  Mombre  de  I'Inetitut,  ConserTateur  de  la  Biblioth^ue 
Imperiftle. — Notices  sur  k'S  dtctiounaireB  gi^ographiquw  arahea,  ct  Bur  ie  aysl&ne 
primitif  de  la  numeration  chez  les  peuplea  de  race  berb^re.     Paiia :  Svo,  pp.  54. 
Head  by  the  author  2ud  July,  1860,  at  the  general  meeting  of  the  Sodf  !e 
Aaiatique. 
234S.     1861.    Sidier,  Henr;.— L'AJgiirie  et  le  dik:ret  d<i  24  Dovembre.     PariK: 
Svo,  pp.  32. 

The  decree  in  question  Euppre£scd  the  Miuiatiy  of  Algeria,  and  consolidaied 

and  augmented  the  jwwer  of  tbe  military  governor-general.     This  ia  a  review 

of  M.  Je  Menerville'H  work,  '  Dictionnaire  de  la  l^giBlation  algCrieane.' 

8343.     18C1.    Pregier,    C— Du   droit    algirien,   aa    nature,   sea   «!16mfnts,   nni 

caracl^re.    Egsai  d'inlroduction  ^  im  cours  de  droit  algJrien  par  nn  magistnu 

algirieo.     Alger:  8to,  pp.  47. 

3344,    1861.    InetaJlation  de  M.  Pierray,  Procureur  gdnSra!,  et  de  M.  de  Cletr, 

Premier  Avocnt  g^ciJral.     Alger :  Svo,  pp.  23, 
3846.    1861,     Berthomier,  J.— La  verif^  sur  TAlg^ie.    Paris:  8vo,  pp.  46. 

2848,  1861.  Bamy  de  BomaiiGt.-~Traite  de  la  culture  de  la  vigne  en  AlgAie. 
Alger :  12mo,  pp,  72. 

3347.    ISCl.    Qarb^.  ancieu  Pr^fet  d'Oran.— Cliemin  do  fer  d'Alger  ^  Oran. 

Observations  en  favcur  do  son  iiralongcmeut  Jusqu'aux  Quus  de  Mers-el-Kobir. 

Paris:  4to,  pp.  23. 
2348,    1661.    Couain,  Capitaine,  et  SL  Cobboii. — Sur  una  maladie  des  olivien. 

Bull  Soc.  Botan.  de  Prouce,  26lh  April. 

2849,  1861.  Saut'  Agabio,  Cwv.  di. — Happorto  dul  legio  Console  gencrale  In 
Algeri.  This  ia  dated  9th  December,  and  ia  published  in  the  Italiui  series  of 
Conaular  Bcports,  pp.  57-105. 

2360,    • Pesca  del  corallo  sulle  coste  di  Barboria.     1.  C.,  pp.  139-51. 

28&1.  1862,  OonTememeiit  O^n^ral.— Tableau  de  la  situation  dea  ^tablitn;- 
ments  fran^ais  dans  Aljje'rie.    Paria :  410,  pp.  127. 

236a  1862.  Fllllaa,  AchiUe. — Etat  actual  en  Algfrie.  GSographie  physique 
et  politique  de  t'Alg^ne.  Description  physique,  divisions  naturelles,  divjiious 
Gulturales,  prodail^  zoologie,  populatiom,  mcenrs  et  coutames,  oommercc  et 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  273 

iodustriay  adminiBteatJon.    Dictionnaire  g^ographlque  et  hiBtorique  de  toutes  Ics 
locality    Alger :  Svo,  pp.  282. 

'2368.  1862.  £tat  aotuel  de  TAlgdrie,  public  d*apr^  les  documents  officiels, 
^SLT  Gtdre  de  8 JS.  le  Marfohal  Pelissier,  sous  la  direction  de  M.  Mercier-Lacombe, 
Directeur  g^ntol  des  Services  Civils.  Ed.  Achille  FiUias.  Alger :  8vo,  pp.  85, 
and  map  by  HacCartby. 

2364.  1862.  Exposition  XTniverselle  k  Iiondres. — Catalogue  special,  acoom- 
pagn^  de  notices  bistoriques  et  statistiques,  sur  les  produits  agricoles  et  industriels 
de  TAlg^e.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  xii.  and  147. 

2866.  1862>  l^AlgMe  h  I'EzpoBition  Uniyerselle  de  Londros.  Alger :  12mo, 
pp.  627. 

2866.  1862.  BzpoBition  g6n6rale  des  produits  d'agriculture  et  des  diffi^rents 
industries  agricoles  k  Alger  en  1862.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  125. 

M67.  1862?  Iiomon,  A.,  Avocat  4  la  Cour  Imp^riale  de  Paris.— Captivite 
de  I'Amiral  Bonard  et  de  TAmiral  Bruat  en  Algdrie.  Preface  par  L.  Bigault. 
Paris :  12mo,  pp.  209. 

Tbe  latter  commanded  tbe  brig  Silene,  tbe  former  was  a  midshipman  on 
board,  wben  she  was  wrecked  a  few  weeks  before  the  capture  of  Algiers. 

:2368.  1862.  Notions  61^mentaires  sur  radministratlon  g^n^rale  de  TAlg^rie. 
In  Arabic  and  French.  Algiers :  8yo,  pp.  64  (in  each  language).  Published  by 
tbe  Bureau  Politique. 

3860.  1862.  Folignac,  Capt.  de. — Bureau  Politique  des  Affaires  Arabes. 
B^sultats  obtenus  jusqu'^  ce  jour  par  les  explorations  entreprises  sous  les  auspices 
du  gouvemement  de  I'Alg^rie,  pour  p^ndtrer  dans  le  Soudan.  Alger :  8vo,  pp.  19 
and  map.    See  also  Bull.  See.  G6ogr.  Paris,  1*^  sem.,  pp.  222-49. 

2860.  1862.  Mircher,  Commandant  H. — ^Mission  de  Ghadames.  Rapports 
<]fficiels  et  documents  k  Tappui. — See  Tab.  ^tab.  fr.,  1862,  p.  365. 

It  consisted  of  Ck)mmandaQt  Mircher,  Capitalne  de  Polignac,  ringdnieur 
Yatonne,  1* Aide-major  Hofifmann,  and  the  interpreter  Ismael  bou  Djerba.  It 
took  place  in  September  to  December  1861.— See  also  Rev.  des  deux  Mondes, 
1863 ;  BulL  Soc.  Gdogr.  Paris,  2«  sem.,  p.  405.  Published  separately,  Alger, 
8to,  pp.  358,  with  map,  plans,  and  numerous  sections  of  ground. 

1i861.    1862.    Davasse,  Dr.  Jules. — ^Les  Alssaoua,  ou  les  charmeurs  de  serpents. 
Paris:  8vo,  pp.  96. 

2382.  1862.  Bertherand,  Dr.  Alph.  Fr. — Campagnes  de  Kabylie :  histoire 
m^dico-cbirurgicale  des  exp^tions  de  1854-^  et  1857.  Paris:  8vo,  pp.  331, 
with  map. 

2368.  1862.  Berbrogger,  A. — Notes  sur  un  specimen  d*^pigraphie  alg^rienne 
dans  le  Bullet*  Monumental  de  M.  de  Caumont,  t.  xxviiL  pp.  461-73. 

SS6^    Les  puits  art^siens  des  oasis  mdridionales  de  TAlg^rie.     Alger: 

1^0,  pp.  136. 

3SB(i^    1862.    Hirsoh,  M.— Heise  in  das  Innere  von  Algerien,  durch  die  Kabylie 
<^  Sahara.    Berlin :  8vo,  pp.  413,  3  plates,  1  map. 

A  well-written  description  of  a  tour  to  Algiers^  Aumale,  Msila,  Bou  Saada, 
^Biskra,  Batna,  &c 


^^^    1862.    Cadoz,  F.,  Huissier  k  Mascara. — Le  secretaire  algerien,  ou  secre- 
fran^is-arabe  de  TAIg^rie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  180. 

T  2 


ar*'  A  BIBLIOGEWVHV  OF  ALGEKIA. 

2867.    1862,    Feydeau,  Ernest, — Alger,  fltude,    Parig :  12mo,  pp.  iv.  and 
An  indignant  prulest  against  the  tntDBformation  of  the  Arab  town  ii 
modem  city, 
3368.    1862.    Ij'Alg6rle  &  la  FraiuiQ.    Conatantine  [printed]  Paris ;  8to. 
2370.    1862,    Oberthur. — Dictionnaire  dei  postes  de  TAlgfrie. 

3371.  1862.  Hardy,  M.— ltai>port  siir  I'&lucfttion  deg  aiitruchM  fti; 
iVocclimatation  du  Gouveroement  a  A'ger  en  1861.  BulL  Soc.  Imp. 
pp.  8-14. 

3372.  1862.    Bourlier,  Ch.,  Trofesseur  dTiistoire  naturelle  ii  rtoole  de  MM 
k  Alger. — Guide  pratique  de  la  culture  du  lin  en  AlgBrie.     Alger;  8to,  pp.  3L 

3878.  1862.  Valller,  J. — Petit  niLinuet  dn  planteur  de  coton,  indii^uBnt  k-s 
am  fliers  tiona  iutroduites  depuis  un.  an,  ot  ceLlea  &  intn>duire  encore  daiiH  oetle 
culture.    Alger :  6vo,  pp.  16. 

2874.     1862.    Culture  de  la  Tig:iie. — Instructions  praii<[uea,  publico  ] 

Socifil^  d' Agriculture  d' Alger.     Alger :  8vo, 
237G.     1862.    Fapier,  A- — (juestiou  des  tabacs  en  Alg£rie.     Lettrea  «i  C 

Marengo,  maire  de  Douiira.     Alger:  8to,  pp.  86. 
2876.    1802.    Sambuo,  Th.— De  I'ejploitatiDu  rurale  en  Alg&ie.     Alger: 

pp.  37. 
3877.    1862.    Cberboimeau,  A, — Notice  arcWologique  mr  Ain-el-Bey  ( 

publica  Saddatinoriim).     Ann,  Soc,  Arch.  Const.,  vol.  vi.  p.  1. 
2878.     18G2.    Fayen,  Capitaine. — Lottre  Bur  les  ruines  de  Tannount  (Ad  A 

I.  c,  p.  37. 

3879.  1862.    FSraud,  Zi.— Eleven  plates  o!  Homan  sutiquUies,  with  expUi 
by  M.  Cberbonneau.    1.  c,  p.  40. 

2380.    1862.    IMmond  and  A.  Cherboiuieau,^HBppart  sur  les  fouilUs  j 

Soumitt  (Monument  du  Kroub).     1.  c.,  i>.  68, 
3381.     1862,     Poulle,  A. — De  l'4re  nmuritanienno  et  de  I'^poqno  de  U  di-rt 

do  la  Mauritanie  Ceaarlenne  en  deus  provinces,     1,  c.,  p.  IGl, 

3388.  1862.    Tallary,  Iiouiao  (Madame  Mesnier}.- 
Paris:  12mo,  pp.  375,  

3883.    1862.    Ii'fltat  et  les  Trlbas,— L'Algfria  It  la  France,    ConstantlDe :  Bro, 
2384.    1862.    Un  moyan  de  ooloniflation.— (Publid  par  le  gouvenienieitt  de 

I'AIgiirie.)    Alger,  Paris:  8vo,  pp.  61, 
3886.     1862.    Gu^s,    HenrL— Etudes    FinanciSrea    sor    TAIgfrie,      Ponrqaoi 

I'AIgerlo  n'emprunterait-ella  paa?    Un  projet  do  Banque  Agricole.    Neufchat*!: 

12mo,  pp,  48, 

3386.  1862.  St  Amant,  de.— Aper;a  eur  I'flat  actaol  do  I'AIg^ria  et  sur  Eon 
avenir.    Londioa :  12mo,  pp.  48, 

3387.  1862.  Ancapitaine.  Baron  H.— Onaregla,  Soltara  algfirien.  IBm. 
Soc  G^r.  de  Genfeve,  t.  ii,  pp.  133-55, 

2388.    MolluBques  icrrestrea  ot  d'eiii  douce  obsorvSs  dang  la  haute  B 

Pariai  8vo,  pp.  20,    Prom  tlia  Rev.  et  Mag,  de  Zool,,  AprIL 

3389.    Notice  aur  Bou9Bda.    Hov,  Afr.,  vol.  vi,  p.  46, 

S88D.    1862.    Baohe,  E.— Notice  but  les  dignity  Tomunes  en  Aftique ;  d 

«l«cIo  de  J.  C.    L  c,  p,  135. 


J 


A  BIBUOGRAPHr  OP  ALGERIA.  275 

2381.    1862.    Feraud,  E. — Zebouchi  et  Osman  Bey.    1.  c,  p.  120. 

An  aooount  of  the  Battle  of  Khenig  Alihem,  where  Osman  Bey  was  killed. 

MoBurs  et  contumes  kabiles.    L  c,  pp.  273  et  seq,   A  valuable  paper. 


2887 


2888.  1862.  Berbnagger,  Iiouis  Adrien. — Envoi  des  antiquity  de  la  Kabylie 
au  MoB^  GentraL    1.  c.,  p.  62. 

2884.    Alger  a  T^poque  du  Consulat.    1.  c,  p.  128. 

Une  €ni£rme  lapidaire.    1.  c,  p.  81. 

LeFaL    1.  c,  p.  298. 

Harout  et  Marout.    1.  c,  p.  306. 

Un  Consul  k  Alger  au  xviii*  si^le.    1.  c,  p.  322. 

Le  g^ie  de  Mont  Dira.    1.  c,  p.  142. 

2400.    Missua  civitatifl.    1.  c,  p.  214. 

2401.    Origines  de  la  Sod^t^  Historiquo  Alg^rienne.    L  c,  p.  218. 

2408.  1862.  Berbrugger  et  Bxesnier.^Premidre  proclamation  fran^aise  aux 
Alg^ena.    1.  c.,  p.  147. 

M08.    1862.    AmaucL— Exploration  du  Djebel  bou  Kahil.    1.  c,  p.  253. 

2404.  1862.  Tanxier,  H.  —  Examen  des  traditions  grecques,  latines  et  mus- 
nlmanes,  relatives  k  Torigine  du  peuple  berbdre.    1.  c,  pp.  353  tt  seq, 

A  rmtmi  of  this,  under  the  title  '  £tudes  sur  les  Migrations  des  nations 
berbdres,'  is  given  Id  the  Journal  Asiat.,  Oct.,  pp.  840-54.  The  writer  takes 
as  his  point  of  departure  the  distribution  of  Berber  tribes  at  the  time  of  the 
Arab  invasion,  and  the  base  of  his  iuvestigations  is  of  course  the  celebrated 
work  of  Ibn  Khaldoun. 

2406.  1862.  Marity  Dr.  J.  J. — ^Hygidne  de  TAlg^rie.'  Expose  des  moyens  de 
oonserver  la  sant6  et  de  se  pr^rver  des  maladies  dans  les  pays  chauds,  et 
ap^cialement  en  Algdrie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  452. 

2406.  1862.  Constitation  de  la  propridt^  en  Alg6rie  dans  les  territoires  occupes 
par  les  Arabes.  Sdnatus-consulte  du  22  avril  1863.  B^glement  d^administration 
publique  du  23  mai  1862.  Paris,  impr.  imp^r.  4to.  Texte  fran9ais  et  traduc- 
tion arabe  en  regard. 

By  diis  Senatus-Consultum  the  Government  recognised  the  Arabs  as 
icdividual  proprietors  of  the  land  which  they  had  hitherto  held  only  in  common. 
The  following  are  some  of  the  preliminary  studies  on  the  subject : — 1^  Lettre 
de  M.  Marion  ^  M.  Enfantin;  2^  Lcttro  de  M.  Pelissier  h.  M.  Marion;  3** 
Deliberation  du  conseil  sup^rieur  de  TAlgdrie  sur  le  projet  de  cantonnement 
des  indigenes ;  4""  David,  Baron  J6r6me.  Reflexions  et  discours  sur  la 
propriete  chez  les  Arabes. 

2407.  1862.  David,  Baron  J^rdme,  Depute.— Reflexions  et  discours  sur  la 
propriete  chez  les  Arabes.  Paris  and  Bordeaux :  8vo,  pp.  71.  From  the  Moni* 
teur  Universel. 

2406.  1862.  Vinoenty  Dr.— >Expose  clinique  des  maladies  des  Eabyles.  Paris : 
8vo,  pp.  80. 

2408.  1862.  Iieblanc  de  Fr^bois,  F.,  Ex-Representant.  —  Langueur  do 
TAlgerie ;  ses  causes  et  le  moyen  d*y  remedier.     Alger:  12mo,  pp.  31. 

The  author  states  that  the  result  of  thirty-two  years'  occupation  is  an 
expense  of  two  milliards,  for  having  created  half  the  value  of  a  French  depart- 
menty  or  180  square  leagues  of  colonisation. 


276  A  UlBUOGhAFHY  OF  ALGEEIA, 

S411.    1S6S.    Dsvoulx,  Albert,    Conservntour  dcs  Archives  ATabei  dea  Do-- 

mEiains.  —  Notice  sur  les  corporations  reliyieiiBes  d'Alger,  accomijagnoe  di- 
docuroenta  authentiques  et  inMlts,  Alger;  Uvo,  pp.  33.  From  the  ReTUu 
Africoine. 

2412.  1862,  Uelcion-d'Arc,  CaBlmlr. — Notre-dame-d'Afriqne,  Tiarge  libera- 
trioe.     Alger:  8vo,  pp.  IC. 

A  poem  soU  for  the  benefit  of  the  Chapel  of  N.D.  d'Afrique. 

2413.  18G2.  Favy,  Mgr.  It.  A.  A.,  ^vSquo  d'Alger.— A  ppel  en  favenr  de  la 
chapelle  ilo  Notro  Dame  d'Afrique.  Alger :  Svo,  pp.  78,  with  a  view  of  this 
pilgrimage  chapel. 

2414.     Mfiraoire  ii   conaulter   sur   k   cr&lion  des   ^itehia  d'Oran   et  de 

CoLstantine.     Alger:  8vo,  pp.  24.     Si^nwl  "  L'Algi5rie  Catholique." 

2415.  1862  ?  Manrin,  Dr.  AmMfie.— Lea  v^ritahles  ilneriea  sur  I'AIgdria 
Alger :  Svo,  pp.  1-1. 

A  replf  to  bis  critics  who  had  handled  htm  severelj. 
S416.     1862.     ColombtL,  F.— Ins  true  ttoa  piiblique  musulmaDe  ea  Alg^rie  M  U- 
preaae  afiicnine.     Letlre  A  M.  Mercier-Lacomho,   Directeur  fieofral  dea  SerTioe 
Civilea.     Most^aDBm  :  8vo,  pp.  34. 

2418.  1862.  Frison,  Dr.  Amfidte,  ProfeBaenr  de  Pathol  i^io  chinirgicale,  At— 
Influenco  des  scienoeB  en  gMeral  et  de  In  mtdecine  aur  la  civilisation  dea  Arabes, 
Dificours.     Montpellier;  Svo,  pp.  31. 

2419.  1862.  Yrigier,  C,  Pr6BidcBt  dn  Tribnnal.— De  la  l^islation  alg^cnne,. 
ea  codification,  aa  reviaion,  sa  ri5fonniition.     Siitif ;  Svo,  pp.  59, 

3420.    Quelques  notes  d'un  magistrat  fran^aia  sur  le  traitement  de  1». 

laagiatrature  alg^rienne.    S^tif :  8»o,  pp.  33. 
2491.    Bu  mnriage  fraccais  de  l'Iaral>iite  alg^rien.     Le^on.    S^if:  Sro,- 

pp.  46. 

2423.    De  I'inamovibilito  judiciaire  en  AlgSrie.    Sfitif ;  8vo,  pp.  41. 

The  writer  strongly  urges  this  privilege  which  does  nut  exist  in  Algeiia. 

2^3.  1862.  Hontigny,  P.— Contea  algjriens..  Alger:  12ino,  pp.  80.  A. 
CNtllectlon  of  short  tales. 

2424.  1862.  Poivre,  AimS,  Avocat  a  la Cour  Inipfrialed'A)ger.^L«s  Tndiglues- 
nlgirienB ;  lenr  ilat  civil,  et  leor  conditiou  jwridique.     Alger  ;  Svo,  pp.  02. 

S4S6.  1862.  Irfmveau,  A. — Dtomverte  da  ohaus  hydraulique  en  Algirie. 
CoDstantiuc :  8vo,  pp.  16, 

2420.  1862.  CoBBon,  1L — Sur  racclimatation  de  la  carpe  et  de  la  tanclie  daos 
les  eauz  doucea  de  I'Alg^rie,  Parian  Svo,  pp.  8.  From  the  Bull,  de  la  Sac  Itaj-. 
d'Acclim.,  January. 

2427.  1862.  Uoll,  C.  A.,  Capitaine  de  Gi^oie.— Udmoire  historique  et  ardijo- 
logique  sur  Tebeasa  (Theveste)  et  sea  environs,  suivi  d'iasoriptiona  invitee.  Con- 
stantine :  8vo,  pp.  148,  with  12  plates. 

A  valuable  and  accurate  account  of  perhaps  (he  roost  intereetii^  ipot  in 

Algeria.    Originallj  published  ia  the  '  liccneil  des  Notices  et  M^.  de  la  Soc. 

Arch,  de  Conalantiae,' 

a4aa    1^62.    Plngrenoi],  r,  a  J.,  CI]iriirgien..^Relation  sous  le  point  de  voe 

de  rbygidne  pnhlique  da  la  marchc  du  choMra  dans  la  subdivision  de  Hosta^nem, 

province  d'Orao,  depnis  bob  iuvaaiun  juaqu'il  sa  terminaison  en  1B51,  mcoompagnfe 

dc  notes  relatives  u  la  moitalitf  dans  I'arinee.     Paris :  Svo,  pp.  49, 


^ 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OP  ALGERIA.  277 

S489.  1862.  Verger.  Albert,  Prociirenr  Imp&rial  k  Blidalu — ^Becadl  des  drou- 
laires  et  instmctions  k  I'usage  des  Tribanaux,  ParqnetSy  Justioes  de  paix  et 
Offiden  mioist^riehi  de  TAlg^e.    Blidah :  870^  pp.  115. 

S430.  1862.  Ck>qtiaxul. — Gr^logie  et  paldontologie  de  la  r^gicm  sud  de  U  pro- 
vinee  de  Oonstantine.    Marseille :  8vo. 

S4dl.  1862.  Fles8e»  It. — ^Itin^raire  historique  et  descriptif  de  rAlgdrie,-  com- 
prenant  le  Tell  et  le  Sahara.    Paris :  18ino,  pp.  dxxzni.  and  611,  with  5  maps. 

2438.    1862  ?     Thierry-Mieg,  Ch. — Six  semaines  en  Afrique.      Sonyenirs  de 
voyage.    Paris :  18mo,  pp.  356,  with  map  and  vignettes. 
A  pleasantly  written  work. 

2433.  1862.  Freeman,  H.  8. — ^A  grammatical  sketch  of  the  Temahng  or  Touarek 
language.    London:  8vo. 

2484.  1862.  Stranoh,  Alexandre.— Essai  d'one  Erp^tologie  de  TAlg^rie.  St. 
P^tersboai^ :  4to,  pp.  85.    From  M^m,  Acad.  Imp.  des  Sc.  de  St.  Peters.,  7*  wk, 

t.  iv.  No.  7. 

2436.  1863.  [Craoford,  M.  a>— Through  Algeria.  By  the  author  of  Life  in 
Tuscany.    London :  8vo,  pp.  362. 

2436.  1863.  Fotdle. — A  trovers  la  Mauritanie  setifensis.  Ainn.  Soc.  Arch.  Const, 
vol.  XX.  et  seq, 

2437.  1868.  QuelqneB  arguments  en  favour  de  la  colonisation  europ4enne  en 
Algdrie.    Par un colon.    Alger:  8vo. 

2438.  1863.  M^moire  sur  lea  operations  dc  Tarm^  fran^aise  sur  la  odte 
d'Afrique,  depuis  le  4  juin,  jour  du  ddbarqucment,  jusqu'k  la  prise  d' Alger  le 
5  juillet  1830,  par  un  capitaine  de  I'^tat-major  g^n^ral  de  I'arm^  exp^itionnaire 
(Pelissier,  depuis  marshal  de  France).    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  78,  map. 

2438.  1863.  Fynacker,  Dr.  Cornelia. — Rapport  van  't  gebesoigneerde  tot 
Tunis  en  Algiers  in  do  jaren  1622  eu  1623  Rapport  aan  de  Hooge  Mogende 
Heeren  Staten  Generael,  gedaen  by  Doctor  Cornelis  Pynacker  van  syne  legatie  tot 
Algiers  ende  Timis.    Utrecht :  8vo. 

2440.  1863.  Fr6gier,  C,  Pr^ident  du  Tribunal  Civil,  S6tif.— L'absinthisme  en 
face  de  la  loL    Constantino :  8vo,  pp.  29. 

He  characterises  absinthe-drinking  as  the  scourge  of  Algeria,  and  seeks  to 
create  a  legal  remedy  for  it. 

2441.  1863.  Bongh  ride  in  olassic  ground.  Eraser's  Mag.,  vol.  IxviiL 
pp.  470-83. 

Describes  a  journey  to  Ain  BeYda  and  Tebessa. 

2442.  1863.  De  Forcade  la  Boquette.— Rapport  pr^nt^  an  conseil  sup^rieur 
de  commerce,  etc.^  sur  la  commerce  et  la  navigation  de  I'Algerie.  Alger :  4to, 
pp.  295. 

2443.  1863.  XSnquSte  sur  le  commerce  et  la  navigation  de  I'Algerie.  Mars- 
avril  1868.    Alger :  folio,  pp.  295. 

2444.  1863.  Gtouvemement  g^^ral  de  I'Algerie.  L'Alg^rie  k  TExposition 
Universelle  de  Londres.    Paris :  18mo,  pp.  269,  and  Alger,  12mo. 

2446.    ■  fitat  actuel  de  I'Algerie,  public  d'aprSs  les  documents  ofBciels  par 

ordre  de  SJL  le  Marshal  Pelissier,  sous  la  direction  de  M.  Mercier  Lacombe,  1862. 
Paris :  8vo  pp.  110. 


278  A  BIBLIOGRAPHT  OK  ALGERIA. 

SMe.    1663.    Seroulx,  Albert.— Los  archivus  dii  Coasulat  g^ncml  de  iVanoe  i. 

Alger.  Recueil  de  documents  inddits  concemftnt  ioit  les  relations  politiques  dc  U 
France,  aoit  les  rapports  commerciauK  de  Marseille  avec  Vanoieiine  Rdgeace  d'Al^er. 
Marseille :  8vo,  ]>p.  B5.     A  second  vol.  appeared  in  1865,  pp.  752, 

2447.  1863.    Immigranta  at  IndlgineB  (Algdrie  frani,>aiso).     Paris :  8to. 

2448,  1863.     Indigenes  et  Emigrants  (Algcrie  fran^aise).    Phtis:  8to,  pp. 
2440.     18tJ3.     Expose  d'un  projet  d'ensemblo  de  coloniwlion.     Anon.     Alger" 

8to,  pp.  22. 

The  author  recommends  that  both  State  and  private  colonisation  shotild  he 
carried  out. 
2460.     1863.     Bt.  Uortin,  Tlvleox  da.— Le  nord  de  TAfrique  dans  rantiqnitf 
grecqus  et  roinaiDB.     Elude  historique  et  geograpliique   Avec  4  cartes.     Paris: 
8vo. 

In  this  work  all  the  traditions  and  all  the  ancient  texts  regarding  the  natives 
of  North  Africa  are  discussed. 

3461.     L'Annde  G&igraphique.     Bevuo  annuelle  des  voyages  de  tcrre  et  ds 

nier  aiuKi  que  des  explorations,  missions,  relations  et  publications  dlverses  relatives 
aux  sciences  g&grapljiqucs  et  fthnograpl I iques,   Paris:  8 vo,  commenced  this  ye*r. 
S46S.    1863.    Faidherbe,  Oec,  and  "Dr.  Topinard.— Instr.  sur  I'anthropologie 
de  I'Alg^rie. 

2463.  1863.  Rioque,  Br.  C&mllle. — Secherches  etbnologiques  aa  lea  po[inls- 
tioDs  musselmanes  du  nord  d'Afriqitc.  Iter,  de  I'Orient ;  BulL  de  la  Soo.  Orientala 
de  France,  Dec  1863,  pp.  363-75. 

2464.  1863,  Golomieu,  CoiamEiadsAt  V. — Voyage  dans  le  Snhars  algeriende 
Geryville  ^  Onargla,  1862.  Tour  du  Monde,  Nos,  193-6,  pp.  161-208.— See  also 
L'Ann^e  Geographique,  1864,  p.  1 10, 

This  is  the  first  year  in  which  a  marked  octivity  is  apparent  regarding  tli« 
oases  of  the  great  desert,  and  a  dc-sIre  to  turn  tlicm  to  commercial  and  [loliticiil 


i  Tou&reg  et  leur  pays. 


2466.  1863,  Bolignac,  Armand  de. — Premieres  armos  dn  voltigeur  Dumiroif. 
Di^tails  iulijresaants  sur  lcsma°urs,  coiiitumea  et  usages  do  I'Alg^rie,  deveaueproTiDCe 
franfaise.     Limoges,  Paris  :  8so. 

24e8a.  1863.  Catalognie  de  lliistoire  de  Franoe.  Biblioth^ue  Naiionsle^ 
Paris :  4to.     Vol.  viii.  contains  a  bibliography  of  Algeria,  pp.  660-85. 

8458.    1863.    Duveyrlar.  Henri.— Note 
de  ia  Soc.  G&)gr.  Paris,  pp.  102'5. 

2467.  1663.    Maurln,  Dr.  A.—Les  caravanes  fran^aises  au  Soudan.    Bi 
du  voynga  d'Ali-bia-Merin,  condtictear  de  la  caravano  de  M,  J.  Solari. 
8vo,  pp.  29. 

2468.  18G3.    Orefilez.— La  colonisation  du  Sahara.    Rev.  du  Monde  CoIod. 
and  June. 

2466.    18C3.    Trumelet,  Capitaine  O. — Les  Fnm^.iis  dans  le  d&ert.    Jt 
d'une  cip^ition  au  limites  du  Sahara  a1g£rien.     Paris :  870,  pp.  xi.  and  486. 
^Soe  also  L'Annfe  Gfogr.,  p.  102. 

This  is  the  narrative  of  an  expedition  made  in  IS53~4,  under  the  commuid 
of  Colonel  Durricu. 

2460.    1863.    Lavorgne,  A.  do.— Alger  I'afi.    Alger:  12mo. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  279 

2461.  '  1863.  Oastineau,  Bex^. — Cbasses  au  lion  et  &  la  panthdre  en  Afrique, 
with  illustrations  by  Gustavo  Dor^    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  223. 

The  writer  recounts  the  adventures  of  Ahmed  ben  Amer. 

S462.     1863.    Bespreo,  Ch.— Alger  V^U,  pp.  80.    Also,  L*hiver  k  Al<;cr,  pp.  96. 
Two  little  manuals  of  no  great  value  to  the  stranger.    Alger :  IBino. 

2468.    Les  jardins  d*Hn8sein-Dey.    Alger :  12mo. 

8464.  1863.  Duvemoi8»  CL — L*Alg^ie  pittoresque ;  description,  mocurs,  cou- 
tumes,  oommeroe,  &c.    Paris :  18mo,  pp.  333. 

3466.     1863.    Vian,  Iiouis. — L'Algdrie  contemporaine.    Paris :  18mo,  pp.  272. 
Letters  of  little  importance. 

2466.  1863.  The  New  Mole  of  Algiers.  Notice  regarding  in  Quart.  Rev., 
voL  cxiv.  p.  305. 

This  was  the  first  ever  constructed  with  blocks  of  concrete. 

2467.  1863.  Behaguel,  Arthur  Alex.,  Journalist. — La  liberty  de  la  presse, 
oe  qn*elle  est  en  Alg^rie.    Lettre  au  Baron  David.    Paris :  8vo. 

S468.  1863,  Cabrol»  I>r. — ^De  TAlg^ie  sous  le  rapport  de  lliygidne  et  de  la 
colonisation.    Strasbourg :  18mo,  pp.  54. 

2469.  1863.    Salvator,  DanieL — La  musique  arabe.    Paris :  8vo. 

8470.    Essai  sur  Torigine  et  la  transformation  de  quelques  instruments. 

8471.  1863.  Ville. — Note  sur  la  constitution  g^logique  des  dunes  Zahrez-Rh'arbi 
et  Cherqui,  et  du  Sahara  alg^rien.  Comptes  Eendus  de  TAcad.  des  Sciences, 
9  mar.  1863,  pp.  440-2. 

8478.  1863.  Bertrand,  Alex. — Monuments  dits  celtiques  dans  la  province  de 
Ck>n8tantine.    Bev.  Archil.,  d^  1863,  pp.  517  and  530. 

8478.  1863.  Judas. — Sur  I'dcriture  de  la  langue  berb^re  dans  Vantiquitd  et  de 
nos  jours.    Paris  :  8vo. 

8474.  1863.  Momxnaen,  Theodore. — Inscriptiones  Africas  Latinse.  Berlin  : 
2  voL  4to. 

8476.  1863.  Albtun  du  Musde  de  Constantino.  Publi6  sous  les  auspices  de  la 
Soci6t4  Archdologique.  Dessins  par  M.  L.  F^raud,  interprdte  de  I'arm^.  Texte 
explicatif  par  Mousieur  A.  Cherbonneau.    Constantino  :  2  cahiers  folio. 

8476.  1863.  Bellemare,  Alex. — Abd-el-Eader,  sa  vie  politique  et  militaire. 
12mo. 

8477.  1863.  Flatters,  F. — Almanach  k  Tusage  des  indigenes  de  I'Alg^rie  pour 
1864.    Constantino :  8vo. 

8478.  1863.  Fr^gier,  C,  Pr^idcnt  du  tribunal  civil  de  S^tif.— Les  Juifs 
Alg^riens,  leur  pass^,  leur  pr^nt,  leur  avenir  juridique,  leur  naturalisation 
collective.    Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  478. 

The  author  is  a  warm  advocate  in  favour  of  the  Jews. 

2479.  1863.  Herbillon*  le  Q^ndraL — Relation  du  sidge  de  Zaatcha  (Insurrec- 
tion survenue  dans  le  Sud  de  la  province  de  Coustantine  en  1849).  Paris :  8vo, 
three  plans. 

2480.  1863.  Molinier,  I>r.  H. — Souvenirs  d'un  m^ecin  sur  le  Sahara  alg^rien. 
Exp^ition  du  Sahara  &  la  fin  de  1855.  Toulouse :  8vo,  pp.  99.  From  the  Bey. 
de  Toulouse,  August-November. 

2481.  1863.    Anoapitaine,  Baron  Henri — ^Eanoon  du  village  de  T^umrirt- 
.    AmokruL    Bev.  Afr.,  vol.  vii.  p.  279. 


aw  A  mDLIOGBAPHV  OF  ALGERIA. 

aaae.    ises.     Berbrugger,  A.~£:pLgrap1iiD  d'Auoa.    1.  c,  p.  36,  , 

2483.    Nolo  Bur  lo  tombcau  et  la  ohainbre  sSpnlcrftle  &6ooaveits  le  16- 

23  JHin  1863.    1.  c^  p.  193. 

5484.    Hotnarqne  sur  les  inscriptions  d'Auzio.    1.  c^  p.  366. 

5485.     Traitd  de  paix  arec  le  gouvemement  de  la  ville  et  du  royBUme 

d'Alger,  1689.    1.  c,  p.  433. 

2486.    1B63.    Dewulf,  S.— Note  snr  Ibn  Hammful  et  sttr  nn  mdnoire  de  M. 

Cherbonueau,    !.  c.,  p.  440. 
3487.    1863.    Ptoiiid.  L.— Mieuw  et  coutumes  kabyles.    1,  c„  p.  67. 

2488.    Un  vieu  de  Hnasoin  Bey.    1.  c,  p.  M. 

2488.    1863.    Onin.— Note  sur  le  Bey  Mohammed.    1.  c.,  p.  293. 

2480.    1863.    XriUjToix,  F, — C'olonl9Alionetiid[DinistratioQToniaine3dai]srA6^ac 

septentrionale.    I,  c,  pp.  363  ct  mq. 
3491.    1863.    Mercier.— Sidi  Aissn.    1.  c,  p.  286. 
3482,     1863.     Tauxier,  H.— 'EthnogTaphie  du  I'Afiiquo  aeptentriunalc  an  tamps 

de  Mahomet.     1.  c,  p.  453. 
3493.    18C3.    Tayssettes,  E. — La  iinostion  du  proprifit^  Jug'^o  par  les  doeteurs 

de  la  loi  miisulmane.     1.  c,  p.  353. 
2494,     1863,     Yonge,  C,  D,— The  History  of  the  British  Navy  from  the  eartlast 
period  lo  tlio  present  tirae.    London  ;  2  vol.  8vo,  pp.  716  and  809, 

At  vol.  i.  p.  51,  is  an  account  of  Sir  R.  Maoscl's  war  on  Algiers  in  1620-21 ; 
at  p.  76  n  narration  of  Blake's  opentioDS  at  Tunis  and  Algiers;  at  p.  83  Lord 
Sandwich's  Iwrabardment ;  iind  in  vol,  ii.  p.  41S,  an  aqcoiiut  of  Lord  EnmouUi's 
battle  in  1816. 

3496.  1863,    Mouton,   Colonel,    and  others. — Doluances  ilea  habitants  dii 
Mont  BouairiSflli.     A  M,  la  Maire,  Sec,  d'Algsr.     Alger  :  8vo,  pp.  12. 

They  solicit,  the  creation  of  ronds. 
3486.    1863.    FSche  du  CorsiiL     Rapport  &  S.E.  le  Marikhal  UoaTemenr  gfintei 
de  I'Alg^rie  par  la  coiiimiasion  cbargi^i.'  d'<^tndier  les  qiiralions  relatives  \  lu  ptobe 
du  corail  et  de  proposer  U  revision  de  la  legislation  qui  r^git  cctte  p&che.     Alger : 
Sro,  pp.  80. 

Suggestions  are  made  for  tranaferring  this  industry  from  foreign  to  French 
hands. 

3497.  1803.    CoBBon,  E. — Compnsitamm  genera  duo  nova  Algeriensia.     Ann. 
des  Sciences  Natiirelles,  4'  adr.,  t.  sviii.  No.  4,  wlih  two  plates. 

2188,    1863.    ITapoleon  III.— Lettrc  officiel  sur  1' Algeria. 

This  was  addressed  to  the  Due  de  Malakoff,  and  publiahed  in  the  '  Monitenr ' 

of  7th  February.     This  remarkable  docimient  was  intendeil  to  mark  an  era  in 

Algerian  history,  and  to  confer  upon  the  Arabs  individual  rights  in  the  land 

tbcy  occupied. 

S4B8.    1863,    CoDBtitutioii  de  la  propri^t^  en  Algdrie  dans  lea  territoires 

oocup^a  par  les  Ar.ibeit.    Seuatus-Consultum,  22ud  April,  1863.    French  ind 

Arabic.    4Ui,  pp.  37. 

2600.    1863.    BtattBtlgue    et    docnments  relatifs  au  Sooatus-Consnlte  su  U- 

propri^tf  arabe.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  &44. 
SBOI.    1863.    £tabllaBement  dcs  communes  nrahes.    Constnntine:  Svo,  pp.  31. 


A 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  281 

2602.  1868.  Gillotte,  Charles.— Simples  reflexions  au  sujet  de  la  lettre  de 
rEmpereor.    Gcmstantine :  8vo,  pp.  18. 

2506.    1863.    Barrot»  Ferdinand. — Discours  sur  les  Senatas-Gonsalte  relatif 
4  la  coDStitution  de  la  propriety  en  Algeria    Paris :  8yo,  pp.  87. 
Pronounced  in  the  Senate  11th  April. 

2604.    1863.    I/Algdrie  et  la  lettre  de  I'Emperenr.    Paris :  Svo,  pp.  80. 

A  defence  of  the  Emperor's  letter,  written  before  the  publication  of  the 
Senatus-Ck)n8ultum. 

2505.  1863.  Iiucety  MaroeL — Colonisation  europdenne  de  TAlg^rie.  Con« 
stantiue :  12mo,  pp.  24. 

A  reply  .to  the  preceding,  and  advocating  European  colonisation. 

2506.  1863.  Bareete  de  la  Chavanne.— De  la  propri^ttf  en  Alg^rie  (Sen. 
Cons.,  22  April).    Paris :  18mo. 

2507.  1863.  Iia  Friae  d'Alger,  racont^  par  un  Alg^rien  (Hadji  Abmed  Effendi). 
In  Turkish  and  French,  edited  by  M.  Otocar  de  Schlechta.  Paris :  8yo.  From 
No.  11  of  Joum.  Asiat. 

250a  1863.  Wamier,  Dr.  Aug.  HaL— L'Algdrie  devant  le  S^nat.  Paris: 
8vo,  pp.  179. 

2609.  1863.  Jourdan  (de  Marengo). — Lettre  d'un  colon  8<^rieux  de  la  Mitidga, 
^  un  ami  de  France.    R^ponse  k  M.  £mile  de  Girardin.    Blidah :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

2510.  1863.  DiBOUBsion  au  sujet  des  barrages-r^rvoirs  de  la  province  d'Oran. 
Oran :  8vo,  pp.  43. 

This  is  a  statement  made  by  M.  Cauquil,  the  reporter  of  the  commission 
charged  to  examine  the  question,  to  the  Conseil  GeD<^ral  of  Oran. 

2511.  1863.  Iiamborelle,  Ii. — Cinq  ans  en  Afrique.  Souvenirs  militaires  d'un 
Beige  au  service  de  la  France.    Bruxelles :  12mo,  pp.  334. 

2512     1863.    Ii'Abb^,  EL  B. — Lcs  Trappistes  en  Afrique.  Toulouse :  18mo,  pp.  G2. 

2518.  1863.  Compagnie  g^nevoise  des  Colonies  de  S^tif.  Douzi^me  rapport 
du  Conseil  d'Administration.     Qen^ve :  4to,  pp.  76. 

2514.  1863.  Debeaux,  O.,  Pharmacien-aide-major. — ^Notice  sur  quelques  mol- 
lusc^ues  nouveaux  ou  peu  connns  de  la  Qrande  Kabylie.  A  complement  to  Baron 
Aucapitaine's  work  of  1862.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  12.  From  the  Journal  de  Conchy- 
liologie,  January. 

2515.  1863.  Agustinly  Andr^,  Instituteur. — L'avenir  do  TAlg^rie.  Mosta- 
ganem:  8vo^  pp.  41« 

2516.  1863.  Wahn,  Dr. — Manuel  de  planteur  de  tabac;  traduit  de  PEspagnol 
de  Don  Manuel  Rodriquez.    Alger :  12mo,  pp.  78. 

S517.  1864.  Oouyemement  g^n^ral  de  PAlg^rie. — ^£tat  actuel  de  I'Alg^rie 
public  d'aprds  les  documents  ofificiels  par  ordre  de  S.  Exc.  le  Marshal  Pelissier, 
sous  la  direction  de  M.  Mercier  Lacombe.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  132. 

2518.    Tableau  de  la  situation  des  4tablissements  fran9ais  dans  TAlgdrie 

en  1863.    Paris :  4to,  pp.  384.    An  appendix  of  8  pp.  gives  information  regarding 
cultivation  of  dates  and  silk. 

S618.  1864.  Seignette,  Napolten. — ^£tnde  sur  Tdtat  do  la  production  indi- 
gene en  Alg^rie.    Constantine:  8vo,  pp.  75. 


389  A  BlBL10GK,irHY  OF  ALGF.KU. 

262a    18U.    Soreete,  B.— De  la  iirupriet<S  en  Algerie.    Loi  <lu  16  jiilu  1851, 

sjiuLtua-conBultc  du  22  nvril  16G2.     2'  edit.,  revue,  corrigfa  oC  miw  an  courant  dc 
In  legislation  actuellc.     Paris :  12ino. 
26S1.    186J.    Documenta  officielB  reUliTs  fL  la  coDstitution  de  la  propria td  dam 
ics  territoirea  occuji^s  ^lar  Ics  Arabea.     Alger:  8vo,  pp.  102.    Pablicition  da 
QauverDcmeat  gdiii^ral. 


3629.    18G4.     Bobe,  Eug.- 
Alger:  12mo,  pp.  395. 

A  most  valuable  work. 


-Lea   Iflia   de  la  proprie'ti5  iramobiliiro   en  Algirie 


2623,    1864.    Wamier,  Dr.  Aug.  Hub. — L'AIg^rie  devaiit  ('opinion  publiqoe. 


k 


3624.    1664.    Dubois,  Charles. — Joarnsl  d'un  colon  da  I'Algikie.    Strasbourg: 

8vo,  pp.  84. 
262C.    1864.    DuTejrier,  Henri. — Exploration  du  Sabara.     Lea  Touireg  du 
nord,    Pttria ;  8vo,  pp.  ixiiv,  and  4.80,  witU  many  UluBtratioDB. — See  also  L'Aiui. 
G^ogr.,  t.  iii.  p.  101. 

In  asuppkincnt  to  thie  work  the  Molluscs  are  described  by  U.  Boui^iignat, 

and  tbe  new  plants  by  M.  Cossoq.     39  pp.,  G  pis.     The  Geogr.  Soc.  of  FnuiDe 

nwardcd  its  gold  tnedal  to  M.  Duveyrier  for  tbis  importdut  work. 

26SS.     1864.     Martina,  Charles.  I'rofcsseur  d'histoire  uaturelle  i.  la  Faculty  de 

MAlecine  de  Mon I jiellier.— Tableau  pbjslqui  du  Sahara  oriental  de  la  province  de 

CouBtantine.    Suiivenirs  d'un  voyage  ex^utd  pendant  I'bivet  de  16G3  dans  le  Oued 

liir  et  dans  le  Oued  Souf.    Piiria:  8vo,  pp.  59.     Rev.  dcs  deux  Mondes,  July 

1864. 

2627.  1864.    Armleux,  Dr. — Topograpbie  mdillcale  du  Sahara  de  la  province 
d'Oran.    Bull.  Soc  ClituaL  Alg.,  t  I.  pp.  31  ct  tcj. 

Tbis  paper  was  finished  in  186G.  Tbe  writor  gives  an  account  of  tbe  con- 
figuration or  the  Sahara,  its  geology,  botany,  and  fauna,  as  well  as  its  hygiene. 

2628.  I8G4.     Duhouaaet.— Excursions  dana  la  Grande  Kabylic.   TourdeMondf, 
pp.  273  el  seq. 

ContaiuB  nothing  very  original.    Tbe  illustrntiona  are  gonietimee  inexact. 
2639.    1864.     Russell,  William,   LL.D.— My  Adventurw    in  Algeria. 
James's  Mag.,  vol.  ii.  pp.  25-32. 

A  Btory,  tbe  scene  of  wbich  is  laid  in  Algeria. 
2630.     18C4.     lUsum^  de  lliistoire  ancienno  de  I'Algdric  ct  de  la  It^gntce 
Tunis  et  do  Marnc  avant  la  conqnf te  musslemane.    In  French  and  Arabic.    Paris 
12mo,  pp.  32  and  40. 

2681.     1864.     Iiacroix,  FrM^iic. — Notice  aur  la  cnrte  de  TAfriquc.    Paris :  4to. 

M.  Lacroix,  a  young  and  stniHous  officer  (i  Engineers,  who  died  in  1651, 

commenced  the  work  wliicb  M.  de  Charopluuia  finished. 

2582.    1864.    De  Cbamplouis,  HL  Nan,  Capitaine  an  Corps  Imperial  d*£iat- 

niajoT. — Notice  sur  ta  carte  do  I'Afrique  sous  la  domination  des  liomains,  dre«a^ 

ail  DdpCt  de  la  Guerre  d'oprSs  lea  travaus  de  M.  Fr.  Lacroix,  par  ordre  de  S.E.  Ic 

Marshal  Comte  Sandon,  Min.de  la  Guerre.     Paris:  4to,  pp.  46. 

The  map  in  question  Ib  in  two  latgo  sheets  (2,000,000*),  and  includes  ihf? 
whole  district  between  the  Cyrenoico  and  the  Atlantic. — See  ateo  L'Ann,  Gdogr.^ 
t.  iii.  p.  110. 


^M 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  ALGERU.  283 

SSSS,  1864.  TeBsier,  O. — G^graphie  de  la  France  et  de  PAlg^rie.  Paris: 
16ino. 

25S4.    Alg^rie;   g^ograpbie,  histoire,  statisiiqae,  villages   et   hameaux, 

o^anisatioii  des  tribus,  &c.    Id^UBeille :  16mo,  pp.  112. 

26d5.  1864.  Marte,  Paul. — Nivellement  barom^triqne  dans  les  provinces 
d' Alger  et  de  Constantine.  Ann.  de  la  Soc.  Mdteorolog.  de  France,  1864 ;  Gomptes 
Rend,  de  TAcad.  des  Sc.,  11th  April,  p.  680 ;  L'Ann.  Gdogr.,  t.  iii.  p.  94. 

An  important  series  of  observations  from  tbe  coast  inward  to  the  edge  of 
the  desert. 

2586.  1864.  BaumaiSy  Oen.  £. — ^Moeors  et  coutumes  de  I'Alg^rie.  Tell— > 
Kabylie — Sahara.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  442. 

2587.  1864.  Ormsby,  John  (Middle  Temple). — Autnmn  Rambles  in  North 
Africa,  with  16  ilIu3trations  from  sketches  by  the  author.  London :  8vo,  pp.  298. 

2588.  1864.  Auoapitaine,  Baron  Henri. — £tade  sur  le  passe  et  Tavenir  des 
Kabyles,  et  la  colonisation  de  TAl^^rie.    Paris :  18mo,  pp.  180. 

2589.  1864.  Florian,  Fharaon. — Spahis,  turcos  et  gonmiers.  Paris:  12mo, 
pp.  252. 

2540.  1864.  Cd8-Canpenne,  Baron  Alfred  de. — L'Espagne  et  PAlg^rie. 
Notice  k  propos  de  TExposition  Internationale  Franco-Espagnole.  In  French  and 
Spanish.    Alger :  12mo,  pp.  83. 

2541.  1864.  Stnokl^,  Henri. — Le  commerce  de  la  France  avec  le  Soudan. 
Paris :  12mo,  pp.  36. 

2542.  1864.  ForBter,  John.— Sir  John  Eliot;  a  Biography,  1590-1632. 
London :  2  voL  8vo. 

In  vol.  i.  is  aa  account  of  the  ravages  of  the  Barbary  pirates. — See  also 
Quart  Rev.,  1865,  p.  64. 

2548.  1864.  Ville,  S.,  Ing^nieur  en  chef  des  Mines. — Notice  sur  les  eaux  thermales 
de  Hammam-Melouan.  Paris:  8vo,  pp.  39.  From  the  Revue  Maritime  et 
Goloniale,  April. 

These  waters,  of  singular  efficacy,  are  situated  at  7  kil.  from  Rovigo,  in  the 
valley  of  the  Harach.    They  are  Salter  than  the  sea. 

2544.  1864.  Fonvielle,  de. — La  m^t^rologie  en  Alg^rie.  Bev.  de  Monde 
Colon.,  Janvier. 

2545.  1864.  Bioqne,  Dr.  C. — ^Recherches  ethnologiques  sur  les  populations 
musulmanes  du  nord  de  I'Afrique.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  15.  From  the  Rev.  d'Orient, 
de  FAlg.  et  des  Colonies. 

2546.  1864.  Mtoioires  de  la  Congrdgation  de  la  Mission,  dite  de  St.  Lazare^ 
vol.  ii.  and  iii.  Paris,  k  la  Maison  Principale  de  la  Congrdgation  de  la  Mission, 
Rue  de  Sivre?,  94. 

This  work  is  printed  for  the  exclusive  use  of  the  congregation.  It  contains 
most  valuable  contemporary  correspondence  from  the  missionaries  of  St.  Vincent 
de  Paul  at  Algiers,  from  the  beginning  of  the  seventeenth  century. 

2547.  1864.  Bohlfb,  Gerhard.  —  Reise  von  Algier  gegen  Timbuktu  hin. 
1.  Abschnitt ;  von  Algier  Hber  Laghuat  bis  Abiod  Scheich,  August  bis  Oktober 
1863.    Peterm.  Geog.  Mitth.,  p.  1. 

Briefe  aus  Algerien  und  Morokko.    Oktober  1863  bis  April  1864. 


1.  c,  p.  336. 


364 


I  BIBL!OGBAPHV  OK  ALGERIA. 


3048.  1864.  DeBor,  K— Uber  die  Ritaa  oder  dca  DattelUn  in  den  Ombo  im 
Sur.     Reisebriefe  auB  Afrtka.    Augsb.  Allgem.  Ztg.,  23  u.  24  Aug. 

2SS0.  1804.  Iionunatich,  Ober-Iiieut. — Die  Etngubomen  Algcrictis  uater  6et 
HerrBcliaft  FrankreichB.  Globus.  6  Bd.  10  Lfg^  pp.  313-16  j  11  lig,  pp. 
338-42. 

—Lb  secret  du  bonlienr:  tableau  ile  la  vie  ea 


2552.     1864.     Home  Lift  in  Algiers.     St.  James's  Mag.,  vol.  viL 

A  review  of  tbe  preceding. 
9568.    IfiiGi.    Bamblee  with  tlie  Lion-bun tera  of  Algeria.  Frasct's  Uftg.,  vol.  Izix. 
pp.  246-60. 

DcHciibee  biuitlug  odveuturesi  in  tbe  Province  of  CoustantiDe. 
2554.     1864.     Seaprea,  GharleB, — Menu  pro^xts  sur  Al^r.     Alger:  12(iio. 

2655.     Miscellanies  aigfiriennes.     Alger:  12iuo. 

2566.     1864.    Volk  imd  ZuatHnde  in  Algier.    SkizKen  von  eiucr  deulschen 
Dome.     Leipzig  ;  8to, 

B  du  ddacrt,  scSoea  de  la  vie  anbe  hut 


2658.     1864.    Iisa  Arabes  et  lea  Bureaux:  Arabes.    Paris :  Svo,  pp.  IG. 

Strongly  boHtile  tu  wUaC  tlio  writer  cnlls  the  "  mauvusei  tmditiona  et  les 
proced^  injustiBftlileH  "  of  militaty  gOTernment. 
2568.     1864.    Bdrard,  Ch.— Les  deux  villas  de   "Vin&i,  et  Bou  Maza.    Faria, 
Alger:  18tuo,  pp.  166. 

3660,  1864.  Pavy,  Ugr.,  fivEqua  d' Alger.  —  Circvd^re  &  roccasion  de  la 
translation  du  corps  de  Mgr,  Dnpuch,  premier  fiveque  d' Alger.  Alger :  8vo, 
pp.  6. 

2661.  1864.  Payon,  C&pitaina.— Notioo  aur  lea  travaus  iiydrauliquea  anciena. 
Ana.  Soc.  Arch.  Cunsi.,  vol.  viii.  p.  1,  with  plans. 

3662.    1864.    Ploquy,  Commandant.— MSdaillon  de  !'arc-de-triomphe  de  Tebeaa. 


2563.     1864.    Ftiraud,  K,  Iuterpr6te  de  I'armee. — Monumeuts  dits  celtiquea  de  la 

province  de  ConBtautinu,     I.  a,  p.  lOH, 
2664.     Nolio!  Bur  les  Oulad  Abd.en-nour.     I.  c,  p.  134. 

2566.  1804.  rillifto,  Ach.  Et.— Nouveau  guide  do  rAigiirie.  Paris:  8vo, 
il  111  at  rated. 

256S.  1864.  lieclerc,  Dr.  K—Une  mission  mcdicale  en  Kabylie.  Paris:  Sro, 
pp.  251,  with  map. 

2567.    Le  monument  det  Lollius  et  Apulie.     Ann.  Soc  Aich.  Const., 

2668.  1864.  OUbert,  J.  T.— On  certain  Cromlechs  in  Northern  Africa.  I'roc. 
Koyal  Irish  Academy,  vol,  viii.  p.  117. 

2568.  1864.  M&rtin,  I>r.  K  Tb.,  Be  Gnlkrgaea  (Gaid).— Dee  locality 
dfsign^  ponr  I'dtablissement  des  colonies  militaires  dans  la  province  ile  Coo- 
atantine  au  [eiut  de  vuo  de  !a  salub-riti.     Montiiellier :  8vo,  pp.  92. 

2670.     1864.     Blase,  Paul.— L'insiirrec lion  en  Algerie.     Alger :  8w),  pp.  69. 


A  BIBU0GRAPH7  OF  ALGERIA*  285 

2671.    1864.    G«ndin  A^  Ck)lon6l  d'Artillerie. — ^Nouveaux   documents  sur  la 
coDqu6te  d'Alger  par  les  Fran^ais.    Paris :  8yo,  pp.  71. 

This  gives  a  detailed  account  of  the  expedition  to  Algiers  and  of  the  events 
which  followed  as  far  as  the  occupation  of  the  city.  The  amount  of  treasure 
found  was  48,685,527  francs. 

2572.    1864.    Bebaud,  Ii. — La  culture  et  le  commerce  du  ooton  en  Alg^rie. 
Bev.  des  deux  Mondos,  August. 

2578.  1864.  :  Iiaoaie  du  Thiers,  H. — Histoire  naturelle  du  Corail ;  organisation, 
reproduction,  ptehe  en  Alg^rie  et  iodustrie.    Paris  :  8vo,  30  coloured  plates. 

2574.  1864.  Gray. — Revised  genera  and  species  of  Ursine  in  Proc.  Zool.  Soc  of 
London,  1864,  p.  69a 

Dr.  Gray  herein  descrihes  an  African  bear,  the  bones  of  which  have  been 
found  in  the  caves  of  Djebel  Thaya. 

2575.  1864.  ICuller,  Ij. — Numismatique  de  I'ancienne  Afrique.  By  C.  T. 
Falbe,  and  continued  by  L.  Muller.  Copenhagen,  1855-1862  and  1874 :  4  voL  4to, 
with  illustrations. 

2576.  1864.  Berbrugger,  Adr. — La  colonic  nervienne  auguste  martiale  des 
v^t^rans  de  S^tif.    Rev.  Air.,  vol.  viii.  p.  45. 

2577.    Ouichah  el-Eataib.    Regulations  of  the  army  of  Abd-el-Kader,  a 

memoir  addressed  by  him  to  General  Daumas  and  M.  Bellemare.    1.  c,  p.  98. 

2578.    ipigraphie  numidique.    1.  c,  pp.  118, 188  et  seq, 

2579.     Charte  des  hdpitaux  chr^tieus  d'Alger  en  1694. 

2580.    Un  tiers  d'inscription  romaine,  found  near  Signs.    1.  c,  p.  145. 

2581.    Expedition  du  Comte  O'Reilly  centre  Alger  en  1776.    1.  c.,  pp.  172 

et  8eq, 


Guerre  de  1824  entre  I'Angleterre  et  Alger.    1.  c,  p.  202. 

—  De  lliallucination  ^pigraphique.    L  c,  p.  227. 

—  El-Hadj  Pacha.    L  c,  p.  290. 

2585.    Captif  et  patronne  k  Alger  en  1640.    L  c,  p.  302. 

2586.    Hammam  Righa  (Rir'a),  Aquae  Calidae.    1.  c,  p.  347. 

2587.    Les  Arib.    I  c,  p.  378. 

—  L'autoplastie  ou  le  moulage  naturel  k  Alger  et  h  PompdL    1.  c, 


p.  383. 


Miliana.    1.  c,  pp.  421  et  seq, 

2560.    Ruines  du  Marabout  de  Sidi  Abd  el-Kader  sous  Miliana.    1.  c, 

p.  454. 

2501.  1864.  Axnaud,  Military  Interpreter. — Notice  sur  les  Sahari,  les  Oulad 
bffli  Aliya,  les  Oulad  Nail  et  sur  Torigine  des  tribus  Cheurfa.    1.  c.,  p.  104. 

2582.    Si^e  d'Ain  Madi  par  el  Hadj  Abd-el-Kader  ben  Mohi-^d-deen. 

L  c.,  pp.  355  et  aeq^ 

2588.  1864.  Neal,  Vice -Admiral  Sir  Harry.— -Rdponse  aux  assertions  ^mises 
par  M.  Wm.  Sbaler,  Consul  g^n^l  des  ^tats-Unis,  &  Alger,  sur  la  guerre  de 
1824,  dans  son  *'  Esquisse  de  l'£tat  d'Alger,"  1826.    1.  c,  p.  205. 

2584.  1864.  Sandoval,  C.  X.  de.-— Sur  la  reprise  d*Oran  en  1732.  Letter 
addressed  by  •  •  •  to  M.  Berbrugger.    L  c,  p.  221. 

2585.  1864.  Catalogue  alphab^tique  des  ouvrages  dans  la  Bibliothdque 
Munipipale  de  Constantine.    Constantino :  8yo,  pp.  64. 


GooJ         ' 

-9 


966  A  BIBLlOOEAPilir  OF  ALGF-RIA. 

S6B6.     1864.    M'bammed  el-Ouennas. — L'^llcitatioa  ct  allfgroBsa  ira  tujct  ^ 

Teatrfe  de  S.M.  Napol&m  ill.  k  Algor.    Poem  in  Aiabic,  with  French  tranalation. 

Alger :  8vo,  pp.  27. 
2667.     18G4.     Watbled,  E.,  Sous  chef  da  Bureau  k  la  Prefecture  d'Orao.— Lectures 

morales  et  insCructirca  du  petit  culon  alg^rjca.     Paris :  12mo,  pfk  128. 

A  little  wurk  iutcDded  t«  convey  goud  advice  and  lueful  inrormatiun  to  the 
ridug  gcnemtigQ. 
2696.    1864.    Iioober,  Fr.— Nach  dea  Ouea  von  L&gfaoutL  Bern :  8to,  pp.9 

witli  a  sketch  map. 
3688.    18G4.    Fothier,  A.  F.— De  ruxploitation  et  de  la  IfgieUtion  des  min 

Algirie  et  en  Espa^e.     Paris :  8vi>,  pp.  82, 
3600.     1864.     Freppel,  I'Abbe.— L'Afriqne  i  r^pyiuo  de  Tertullicn.     Itev.  dea 

Cout3  Litter.,  pp.  142  el  seq. 
SeOl.    18G4.    Duval,  Julea. — Conrereace  sur  TAIg^rie  (AsBocJation  Pulyti) 

Qiijue).     Hev.  des  Cours  Litter.,  p.  631. 
3603.    Lea  colonies  frau^aiacs,    L  ii,  p.  660, 

3603.  1864.  Uacdonald,  0«ore:e. — An  Invalid's  Winter  ia  Algeria.  GooJ 
Words,  vol,  V.  pp,  7'J:!-9i>. 

3604,  1864.  Hel^e  de  Dangy,  Dr.  A.— De  k  tnaladie  en  Algfrie  et  doul^ 
pays  chauds,     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  131. 

3606.    1BG4.    Turrel,  Dr.  L.— Les  r&idences  dTiiver.    Toulon :  12m 
Pp.  45-53  are  devoted  to  Algiersi  Buperfioitd. 

3606.  1865.  BibsBoo,  Prince  ITioolas. — Les  Kabyles  du  Djurdjura.  Rerue 
des  deux  Mondoa,  1st  and  15th  April,  15th  Dec,  1866,  Ist  March,  1866. 

The  writer  says  that  the  Knbylta  "  m^ritent  Traiineut  le  oom  do  nationality." 

aeOS,  1865.  Desor,  E.— .\Ja  S:ihar»  und  Atlas,  Vier  Briefe  an  J.  LieUg. 
Wiesbaden;  8vo. 

2608.  18G5.  QuatreRiseB,  de.— Colonisation  de  rAJgtirie.  ttcv.  des  Cours 
Solent.,  2"  annik',  p.  780. 

3610.  1865.  Bourguigaat,  J.  H. — Malacologie  de  VAIgdrie,  on  histoire  naturcUe 
dea  animaux  tnollusiiues,  terrcstres  fX  fluviatites,  recueillia  junju'il  ce  jour  dans  Dos 
[losseasions  du  Nord  do  I'AXrique,  Paris;  4to,  2  vol.  pp,  294,  32  pbteg,  ajid  380, 
26  plates. 

A  remarkably  fine  work,  with  excellent  maps. 

3011.     1865.     Uas-Z>atne,  Ii.  de..  Chef  de  srctiou  ttux  Archives  de  I'Empirc.— 

Trailds  dc  paix  et  do  commerce  el  documents  divemes  concernant  les  relations  des 
Chretiens  ftvec  les  Arabes  do  rAfriquc  septentrionale  au  mojeu  &ge.     Supplement 
et  tables.     Paris:  4lo,  pp.  xivii.,  342  and  40:i,     New  editions  in  1868  and  1873. 
This  was  published  by  order  of  Mapoleon  III. 

2612.  1865.    lieslis,  Charles  Holsert,  B.A..  and  Tom  Taylor,  TWA. Life 

nnd  Times  of  Sir  Joshua  lleynulds,  &c.     Ijondon  ;  8vo. 

Chapter  iii.  coutnins  iin  account  of  the  mission  of  Commodore  the  Hon.  A. 
Eeppcl  to  Algiers  in  Il.M.S.  Ceiituriim,    Itcynolds  accomt«uied  him. 

2613.  1865.  CoBentiao,  lie  Maiquis  de. — L'AlgCricenlseS;  coup-d'a;il  d'nn 
colonisateui.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  2::6. 

A  work  published  shortly  after  the  vi^t  of  Napoloon  111,  to  Algeria. 


A  B1BL100RAPH\'  OF  ALGERIA.  287 

2614.  1865.  Martin,  G. — Pont  d'El-Eantara  a  Constantlne.  Notes,  description 
et  dessins  relatifs  ^  la  construction  de  T^cbaffaudage  et  de  Farche  metnllique. 
Paris :  8vo,  plates. 

2616.  1865.  Hartevelty  D. — Herinneringon  uit  Algiers.  Met  platen.  Arnhem  : 
12mo. 

2616.  1865.  Spratt,  Capt.  T.  A.  B.,  R.N.,  C.B.— Travels  and  Researches  in 
Crete.    London :  8vo,  2  vol. 

In  voL  i.  apiiendix  ii.  p.  384  is  given.  The  capture  of  a  Protestant  Divine 
(Rev.  Devereux  Spratt)  by  an  Algerine  Corsair  in  the  17th  century.  An 
extract  from  his  journal. 

2617.  1865.  Fharaon,  Florian.--Voyage  en  Alg6rie  de  S.M.  Napoldon  III. 
avec  notes  historiques  et  g^ographiques.  Paris:  folio,  pp.  96,  with  12  largo 
plates  and  numerous  woodcuts  in  text,  by  Darjou. 

2618.  1865.  .Scdnt  Felix,  Ben6  de. — Le  voyage  de  S.M.  TEmpereur  Napoleon 
III.  en  Alg^rie  et  la  r^gence  de  S.M.  ITmpera trice.  Mai-juin  1865.  R^igi': 
d*apres  les  documents  ofiicieU,  prMdi  d*nne  notice  historique  et  suivi  de 
biographies.  Paris:  8vo,  pp.  340,  with  illustrations.  Another  edition  was 
published  at  Algiers. 

2619.  1865.  lie  IC^tayer  des  Planches,  ancien  Magistrat. — KEmpereur  en 
Algerie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  20. 

The  writer  observes,  "  La  pr&ence  de  I'Empereur  ouvre  carri^re  aux  plus 
vastes  esi)^rances.  Elles  ne  manqueront  pas  de  se  rdaliser — si  la  vdril^  arrive 
jusqu'^  Lui." 

2620.  1865.  Voyage  de  Napoleon  III.  en  AlgC^rie,  contenant  la  relation  du  sejour 
de  Sa  Majesty  dans  les  trois  provinces,  le  texte  des  proclamations,  discours, 
adresses,  etc,  etc.,  qui  so  rattachent  &  ce  memorable  voyage,  avec  des  notes 
historiques  et  g^ographiques.    Alger :  12mo,  pp.  360. 

2621.  1865.  Teissier,  Oct.—Napol^n  III.  en  Algerie.  Toulon  :  8vo,  pp.  317, 
photographies  de  Napoleon  III.,  de  pr^fets  et  de  maires  de  TAlgdrie. 

Ak^rie.    Paris:  12mo. 


S«a8.    1865.    Agnely,  Dr.  H.— Le  climat  de  TAlgerie.    Alger :  12mo,  pp.  22. 
Originally  published  in  the  work  of  M.  Teissier  above  cited. 

2824.     1865.    Nozeran,  Charles. — Arrivee  de  TEmpereur  en  Algerie.     Depart 
de  ITSrapereur.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  8. 

Adulatory  verses,  said  to  have  earned  for  the  author  a  gold  medal  I 

^^86.     1865.    F^lieu,  F. — La  Milianaise.     Cantate  en  I'honneur  do  la  presence 
da  S.M.  Napoleon  III.  j\  Milianali,  7  mai.     8vo,  pp.  16. 

1865.  Duval,  Jules. — Rapport  sur  les  tableaux  de  li  situation  des 
^ti^blissements  francais  en  Alge'rie.    Bull.  Soc.  Geogr.,  2'  sem.,  pp.  49-176. 

This  is  an  analysis,  made  at  the  request  of  the  Society,  of  the  17  Jvol. 
forming  the  collection  of  works  published  by  the  Government  general  of 
Algeria.    They  contain  a  mass  of  valuable  information. 

.    1865.    Napoleon  HI. — Lettre  sur  la  politique  de  la  France  en  Algerie, 
^■^ress^    par    I'Empereur    au    Mardchal    de    ^lacMahon;    Due    de     Magenta, 
CDuvemeur  general  de  l'Alg(5rie.    Paris:  8vo,  pp.  85. — See  also  L'Ann,  Guogr., 
iv.  p.  77. 

in  this  remarkable  document  the  Emperor  states  that  since  the  establish- 

VOL.  U.  U 


A  liiBLIOGBAPHV  OF  Al.UElIlA. 


lie  CuTumissarre  da  Gonnnw- 
PariB  :  121110,  pji.  62,    From 


aeri.    l«e«.    AUord,  OSnSraL— rUscnnw  (co; 

ment)  dana  la  si'nnce  tlu  Corps  k^gislat'if,  12  avi 

tiie  Muuiteur  Univcrsel,  ]3tli  Ai>ril. 
8672.     1905.    Wamior,  Dr.  A,^L'AIg^rie  devaot  TEinpereur,  pmir  faire  Buile 

il  Algitie  devant  le  Scant  et  I'Al^jecie  devant  ropinlon  piililiriue  (1864).     Paris : 

Hvo,  pp.  xii.  and  32^. 
3673.    1866.    Bordier,  Sorgent-Msjor.— 1*8  DJetbr.    An  accouut  of  e\plon- 

tions.     Rev.  Afr.,  vol.  ix.  p.  47G. 

2674.  1865.  Duvemoia,  ClSment.— Le  rtgime  ciiil  en  Algerie;  urjjence  el 
ItssibilitddesonaiiplioiHioniminediBte.  Prtcudi  d'imolettre  i  MM.lesMembres 
dii   Corps  l^gialatir,   di^fenecura   des  iolcrElB  algerieiia,     Paris:  8va,  pp.  xv.  ud 


The  author  uaacrtti  tlmt 
urgent  to  substitute  civil  p" 
oflfiGi. 

2676.    ISG.I.    Uax-Thomas,    Baron     Q.  — Question    arricaiae.     Paris:    Svo, 
pp.  48. 

The  Butlior  is  a  warm  supiiortcr  of  n 
TuaiidADt  in  the  Oarde  Impfriale. 

2676.  1865.     liOmy,    T.  —  Aux  Israelites   d'AljiiSrie.      Un  vicux   soldat  it  1a 
coQtiufite.    Alger:  dvo,  pp.  21. 

2677.  1865.     Revae   AfHoaine    et   Biagrapliii;    des    hommM    luArituanti)   de 
I'Alg^rie  depuis  la  oouqueto  ji;Bipi'i\  noa  jours;  notabilit^s  civiles,  militnires,  Ac. 


illltar/rule  is  condemned,  and  tlist  it  is  most 
Hg  gives  a  history  of  the  insorrectioo 


s  hiuiaelf  a. 


d'Algu 


L' Union  M^dicale. 

I'Afriqiie  du  Nord,  avant  I'nc 


Paris  ;  8vo.    Commenced  {Icl.  1865, 
ae7ft    1866.  p  no  dat«]  Andry,  Dr.  P.—  VAlg. 
topograiihique.     Lille,  Paris;  8vo,  pp.  IGS. 
m  2678.    186i^.    BoonaTont.  J.  F. — Ia  femme  arnbe  duns  U  p 


Promenade  hialoriquc  et 


dc  Con- 
Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  20. 
ISO.    1865.    Balms,   £d.— £tude 
franfaise.     Rev.  Afric.  et  Biog.,  voL 
2681,     1865,     Iriigeay,    Cb.  —  Le   Marechal    Couitc   de   Boutmonl.      Coucjufl 
'Alger.    I.C.,  p.29. 

1865.    Del  Mont«,  Jean  Baptiste.—tli^aioire  devant  la  cour  JmpMalii 
I'npH'l  d'un  jugL-ment  du  Lribuunl  de  1"  iustnnce  de  Tlcmi-en  A  I'ucoa- 
sion  Oes  caiTi^res  dc  niarbre  onyx  trnnsluciile  d'Ain  Tcckbalct.    Oran :  8vo,  pp, 

)88.     1863.     Jourdan,  C. — Dcs  lols  dcs  comraunoa.     Blidiih ;  12(no,  pp.  40. 
984,     1805,    Sldler,  Henry. — Le  gouvcrnement  militaire  et  la  coloni«atioft 

Algijrie.    Paris:  8vo,  pp.  81. 

IBB.    1865.    Oastiaeau,  Benjamin,— De  Pniis  en  Afriquo;  Tojns< 
ea  At^firie.    Paris ;  8vo,  pp.  142. 

J86,    1860.    Tbomson,  Arnold,    IteJaclcur  de  I'Akhbar. — La  n-organisntion 
de  rorinde  franfaiae,  deilii^'  -i.  K1.  du  WimpHcu,  giiuer«l  da  division,  eomin.it idaut  b 
province  d'Alger.     Alger:  8vo,  pp.  32. 
aeffl.     ism.    Vatonne,  Iiis<^D<Bur  den  Mmea.— Kotioo  sur  left  wndages  cxikruUs 
;  des  niinca  de  la  province  d'AIger,   sUr  le  territoirp  dli  villagii 


ieatte  i 


A  BlDLlOGRAPHir  OF  ALGERIA.  289 

"2648.     1865.  '  M^liz,  Sous-Lieutenant — Note  snr  les  vestiges  de  Taqucduc  romaia 
venant  de  Toudja  k  Bougie.    1.  c,  p.  23. 

~*  2649.    Note  sur  les  travaux  hydraaliques  romains  exdcut^s  k  Tubusuptus 

(Tiklat),  environs  de  Bougie.    1.  c,  p.  40. 

'2660.     1865.    Ftokud,  !«.— Exp^ition  du  Gomte  O'Reillj  contra  Alger  en  1775 
1.  c.,  p.  47. 

^  2661.    1865.    Iia  prise  d'Alger  d'aprds  un  toivain  musulman,  par  M.  L.  F^raud, 
Interprdte.    L  c,  p.  67. 

2662.    1865.    Neltnes,  Capitaine. — Notice  sur  les  fouilles  d*el-Mengoub.    L  c 
p.  80. 

2668.  1865.  Auoapitaine,  Baron  HenrL — Notice  ethnographiquo  sur  T^ta- 
blissement  des  Arabes  dans  la  province  de  Constantine.    1.  c,  p.  92. 

2864.    1865.    Marohand,  Jules. — Inscriptions  fun^raires  recueillies  ^  Goustan- 
tine  et  dans  la  banlieue.    1.  c,  p.  113.     Also  printed  se]:iarately,  Constantine 
8vo,  pp.  66. 

2666.  1865.    Chabassidre,  Jules.— Notes  sur  Hadjar-T'aeldj,  Ksar-Tekkouk 
et  ATn-el-Bhettat.    1.  c,  p.  117. 

'2866.     1865.    Masselot. — IUsum6  historique  sur  Bougie.     1.  c,  p.  184. 

2667.  1865.  Aucapitaine,  Baron  Henri. — Ethno:j;rapbie  algdrienne,  province 
«i' Alger.  Les  Beni-Bou-Said  et  les  Beni-Mana^er.  Nouv.  Ann.  de  Voy.,  d^, 
pp.  272-84. 

^ei58.    Notions  ethnograpliiques  sur  les  Berber-Touarogs.    MiSql  et  Bull. 

de  la  Soc  de  Gdogr.  de  Geneve,  t.  iv.  pp.  1-63. 

.'2669.    1865.    Aucapltaine,  Baron,  et  H.  Federmann. — Notice  sur  riiistoire 
et  I'administration  du  beylik  do  Teteri.     Rev.  Afr.,  vol.  ix.  p.  280. 

:)2660.    1865.    Berbrugger,  Adr. — Les  Consols  d* Alger  pendant  la  conqudte  de 
1830.    L  c,  p.  57. 

2661.    £pitaphe  d'Ouzoun  Hassan,  le  conqu6rant  d*Oran  en  1708.    1.  c, 

p.  122. 

Situation  religicuse  et  politique  de  la  Manritanie  lors  do  la  grandc 


re^olte  berbero  i  la  fin  du  3*  sifecle.    1.  c,  pp.  193  et  seq. 

Le  fort  de  Gberchel.    1.  c.,  p.  202.    This  fort  has  now  been  entirely 


destroyed. 

Le  Dieu  Manu  Draconis.    1.  c,  p.  207. 


2666.    Mers-el-Kobir.    Traduction  de  Diego  Suarez  Moutdnes.    1.  c,  pp. 

251  et  acq. 

fipigraphie  d'Auzia  (Aumale).    1.  c,  pp.  307  et  seq. 


2667.    Si^e  de  Melilla  par 'les  Marocains.    Traduction   de  documents 

originaux.    L  c,  p.  366. 

-  2668. N^gociations  entre  Hassan  Aga  et  le  Comte  d'Alcaudete,  Grouvemeur 

d'Oran  (1541-2).    Traduction  de  pieces  authentiques,    1.  c,  p.  379.— See  No.  8. 

-  2660.    1865.    Bevoulx,  Albert — Un  exploit  des  Alg^riens  en  1802. 

This  was  the  capture  of  a  Portuguese  frigate.    1.  c,  p.  126. 

2670.    1865.    MacOarthy,  O. — fitude  critique  sur  la  g^graphie  compart  et  la 
''eographie  positive  dei  la  gucrro  d'Afnque  de  Jules  Cesar.     1.  c,  pp.  430  et  fteq, 

U.2 


S9Q  A  ISlIiUOGIIAPHY  OF  AUitlUA. 

2671.     1868.    AUard,  CWnfiraL— nisoouw  (comnie  ComraisKiJre  du  Ci«uren»« 

ment)  dauB  la  s^nnco  du  Corps  l^gielatif,  12  ftvril.     Farifl  :  12iiio,  pp.  62.     From 

the  Mouiteur  Univtrael,  13tli  April. 
S678.    1805.    Waroier,  Dr.  A. — L'Algfrie  liovant  I'EmperBur,  pcnir  faire  suite 

fi  Algtirie  devaut  lo  Si'uat  et  VAlse'rie  devant  roiiinion  publiciiio  (1864).    Piiri*; 

8v-o,  pp.  xii.  and  328. 

S673.  18fiS.  Kordler,  Sargent-Major.— Lea  DJedar.  An  sMwuut  of  explora- 
tions.   Rev.  Afr.,  vol.  ix.  p.  4TG. 

3674.  1865.  DuvemoiB,  CWnient.--Le  regime  civil  eo  Algerie;  urfjenoe  et 
po88il)ilil6  de  son  applrcntion  inimedial^.  Frttodi  d'lmelettre  ^  MM.lesMembreB 
du  Corps  l^gislatir,  d^reau'urs  •!<?»  ioterEts  algetieiis.  Paris:  @vo,  pp.  xv.  tul 
1G6. 

The  author  assorts  that  military  rule  ia  CDiidetnn»l,  and  tlukt  it  is  most 
urgent  to  Huhstiliile  civi!  guverriTiieiil.  He  gives  a  history  of  the  insurrection 
of  1864. 


africuine.      Paris :    8vo, 
biiiLself  a  Com- 


S875.    186;"^.    Max-ThoinaB,    Baron     Q.  — Qnestioi 
pp.  48. 

The  author  is  a  wanii  supporter  of  iniiilary  rule, 
mandaut  in  the  Garde  Inip^riale. 
2878.    186S.    Lamy,   T.  — Aux  IsraiiliteB  d'Algfirie.      Un  vicux   soldat  de  la 
conquSte.     Alger :  8vo,  pp.  21. 

3677.    1865.    Bevue  AiMoaiae    et   Biograpltie    des    hommee    inari]iiants  ds 
rAlg^rio  depnia  k  couc[uGte  jusqu'il  nos  joura;  notability  civilee,  militnires,  && 


Paris:  8vo.    Cemmenced  Oct,  1865. 

WTS.     1866.  pno  date]  Andry,  Dr.  F.— I/Algiirit 
topographique.     Lille,  Paris:  8vo,  pp.  168. 


Promenade  historique  et 


aS7B.    1805.    Bonnafbnt,  J.  P.— I-a  femme  ambe  dans  h  provinto  de  Oon- 

stanline.     Paris  :  8vo,  pji.  20.     From  L'Union  Mudicale. 
S880.    1865.    Balme,  fid.— j^tude  sur  I'Afririue  du  Nord,  arant  roccupation 

fraofaise.    llev.  Afrie.  et  Biog.,  vol.  i.  p.  i. 
2881.    1865.    I^geay,    Ch.  —  Lc  Murecbal   Couite  do  Bounnout.      ConquSto 

d' Alger.    L  t.,  p.  20. 
3882.    1865.    Del  Monte,  Jean  Baptiete.— Miimuiro  devant  la  cour  imperial-: 

d'Alger,  aiir  I'ap]>tl  d'uo  jugemeot  du  Lribuiml  de  1"  instance  de  Tlonnien  A  I'uoca- 

sion  des  uarrieres  de  mnrbie  onjx  trnnsliicide  d'Ain  Tuckbalet.    Oran :  Sro,  pp.  C8. 
2668.    1865.    Jourdan,  C.—Dcs  lois  des  commuaeii.    Blidah :  12mu,  pp.  40. 
2681.     1865.    Didler,  Hanry. — Le  gouveraetoent  niilitaire  et  la  colouisatioa  en 

Algi^rie.    Paris:  8vo,  pp.  31. 
2686.     1865.     Gastineau,  Benjamin.— De  Paris  en  Afriijue ;  rojages  et  chaases 

en  Al«iirie.     Paris;  8vo,  pp.  142. 

2686.  1866.  Thomaon,  Arnold,  KeJaclcur  de  rAkhbor.— L«  reorg.inisntioa 
de  Tonu^ic  frau^aise,  dedie  u.  M,  de  AVimplfcii,  gem-rat  de  diTisioD,.coinuiaiidant  la 
province  d'Alger.     Alger ;  8vo,  pp.  y2. 

3087.    18G6.    Tatonne,  Ingduicur  ilea  Mlnes.^Noticc  sur  U's  sondagos  VKi^Uis 

lar  le  siTviie  dea  minca  de  k  province  d'Alger,  sur  le  lerriloire  du   TilUgr  de 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  291 

POued  el  Alcug,  pLiiiio  tie  la  M^tidja.    Paris:  8vo,  i»p.  31,  with  sections,  and 
l>lan8  of  the  instruments  used.     From  the  Annates  des  Mines,  t.  ix. 

2688.  1866.  Ville,  !«.,  Ingenieur  en  chef  des  Mines. — Notice  sur  les  Bondages 
ex^cut^  dans  le  territoire  civil  de  la  province  d'Algcr  \x)ut  la  recherche  des  eaux 
jaillissantes.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  36. 

2688.  1866.  Ferigot,  Oto^raL — Bapport  i  M.  le  Marechal,  Gouvemeur  general 
tie  l^Ugerie,  sur  les  forages  artesiens  execut(^*s  dans  la  province  de  Constantine  de 
1860-64,  Marseille :  folio,  p]).  34  and  xi.,  2  maps  and  9  plates. — See  also  report 
by  M.  Jules  Duval,  1867. 

2880.  1866.  Be8an9on,  Dr.  V.,  and  M.  Morin. — Les  eaux  thermo-min^rales 
d'Hammam-Hir'a.  Ksquisse  medicale.  Alger :  12mo,  pp.  62,  with  9  lithographic 
plates. 

2681.  1866.  Fenoux-Maubraa. — ^Voyage  de  SM.  Napoleon  111.  en  Alg6rie. 
Alger:  18mo. 

2682.  1866.  aouvemement  GMn^ral  de  TAlgt^rie.  Tableau  de  la  situation 
ties  ^tablisscments  fran9ais  dans  PAlgerie,  1864.     Paris :  4to,  x)p.  265. 

2688.  1866.  Fopulations  indigtoes  du  territoire  militaire,  1864.  -See  Tab. 
sit  des  ^tab.,  1866,  p.  229. 

2684.  1866.  Fr^is  des  operations  militaires  en  1864.— See  Tab.  sit.  des  etab., 
1866,  p.  183. 

2685.  1866.  Churchill,  H.  A.,  Consul  General.— Report  on  the  Navigation 
and  Trade  of  Algeria  for  1865.    Consular  Commercial  Reports,  1866,  part  ii.  p.  10. 

2686.  1866.  Sala,  George  Augustus.— A  Trip  to  Barbary,  by  a  round-about 
route.    London:  8vo. 

The  author  went  by  the  most  ordinary  route  to  Algiers  and  Gran. 

2687.     The  Streets  of  the  World.     Algiers,  the  street  of  Bab  Azzoun. 

Temple  Bar,  vol.  xvi.  pp.  138-97. 

1866.    lies  Arabes  et  I'occupation  restreinte  en  Algt^rie.     Par  un  ancien 
cure  de  Laghouat.     Paris :  8vo. 

By  the  same.     De  Passimilation  des  Arabes ;  suivie  d'une  tSlude  sur 


lc8  Touaregs.    I'aris :  18mo,  pp.  252. 

2700.  1866.  Ouys,  HenrL—  litude  sur  les  maure  des  Arabes,  et  sur  les  moyons 
d'amener  ceux  d*Algeric  i\  la  civilisation.    Marseille ;  8vo,  pp.  48. 

2701.  1866.  Compte-Calix,  Chanoinc.  —  Oraison  funSbre  de  Sa  Grandeur 
Mgr.  L.  A.  A.  Pavy,  l^veque  d'Alger,  prononcee  le  20  dec.  dans  Peglise  cath^rale. 
Alger :  8vo,  pp.  43. 

2702.  1866.  Rasch,  G.— Nach  den  Oasen  von  Siban  in  der  groseen  Wuste 
Sahara.    Kin  Reisebuch  durch  Algerien.    Berlin  :  8vo. 

2703.  1866.    Cockpit  RoyaL     All  the  Year  Round,  vol.  xv.  pp.  4G9-74. 
Describes  Algiers  and  a  visit  to  a  cockfight  at  Mustafa  Sui^rieur. 

2704.  1866.  Sabatery,  A.,  Avocat  defenseur.— lilements  de  droit  musulman, 
coraprenant  Pexposd  de  Porganisation  de  la  justice  dans  le  Pachalik  d'Alger  avant 
1830,  &c.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  354. 

2706.  1866.  Oervais,  FauL — Nouvelles  remarques  sur  les  i^issons  fluvialilea 
de  PAlgerie.    Comptes  Rend,  des  stSances  do  PAcad.  des  Sc,  t.  Ixiii.,  17th  Dec 

2706.  1866.  Blbesco,  Prince  Nicolas. — La  grande  Kabylie  au  temps  de  la 
Rcgence  d'Alger.     Revue  des  deux  Mondes,  1st  March. 


K  lUULIOGiL^PIIV  OF  Al.GKKIA 


3707.     18Ge.     SoBy,   B.,   and  J.    de   Qoaje.- 

I'Eapagne.     Leide. 


De»cri[itioik  (If  I'Afriniie  el  -'-^ 


s  lies  Aiiibes,  '. 


270a     1866,     Carteron.— Voysgy  eu  Alg^ric :  toua  I 

vie  iiititne  et  exldrieure,  misBi  que  celle  des  Eurupeetis  dans  la  calonie.     Paiib  : 

12mo,  pp.  504. 
2709.    18C6.    CommiBslon  d'enqufita  nominee  par  l'asaembl(«  g£a£mle  des 

concession naires  de  foretg  do  cheiieB-li^e.      Icceudies  en  Alg&ie.      Fans :  Svo, 

pp.  176. 

5710.  1666.  Chabannea,  Ch.  de. — Lettre  aDi>les  iuoendies  ptkiodiquea  defoiels 
ea  Algirie,  adrewde  k  H.  le  JiaroD  G.  Martineau  dee  CLetaiez,  secnSlaire-gen^nJ 
lie  la  coicDiission  des  d£l£gu£s  dcH  coccessioaDairea  dee  forSts  de  chEnes-iiege  eii 
Alg^rie.    Alger ;  8vo,  pp.  36, 

5711.  1866.  Unqit^te  s^u^role  sur  lea  inoendles  des  forets  en  A  Ig^rip, 
1863-6.  Rapport  de  la  commissioB  inBtituoo  i  Constautiuo  i^ar  anelii  de  S.  Eic. 
le  Mar&hiil  de  Trance,  gouTcmeiir  gt^m^rcil  de  I'Alg^rii',  en  date  du  30  d^ceiubrt 
1866,    Alger;  4to,  pp- 98. 

2712.  1866.  Bell,  Joach.  Hounaud,  otLerwIse  called  Qsargea,  cundeumed  i<- 
deportatioD  to  Algeria  for  political  ofTenceB,— Ethel;  souvenirs  d'Afriquo.  Vaxis ; 
18mo, 
2718.  1866,  Dewulf,  Capitaine,— Notice  aur  I'aqueduc  de  Bougie, 
2714.  ISCC,  Agnely,  Lallemant  et  Darru,— Le  criquet  pilerin  (Aori>Uoni 
perogrinum),  viilgniriment  Hiuilerclle  volatile  at  voyageuse  d'Afrique.  Ses  iu- 
TairioDS  eu  1816,  1845,  1866.  Eludes  algfriennea,  historiquea,  eatomologiqaci, 
agricolfg,  avec  figures  dessin^  d'aprSs  nature.     Alger:  8vu,  ]>p.  26. 

2716.  1866.  J,  O.,  ancien  Capitaine  des  Tirailleurs.— Le  Li  vred'or  des  Tiraillcui? 
al;;jriens  de  la  province  d'Alger,  ou  Tastes  et  eervices  des  bataillooa  d'Alger  el  I'lc 
Q'itheri  devenua  1"  regiment  do  Tirailleurs  algfrieus.  ConatautiDe,  Faria:  Stu, 
pp.  604 

2717.  1866.  [Sue  d'Aumale.] — La  question  alg^ricune  k  propoG  de  la  letirc 
adressfe  par  I'Empereur  au  Marechal  de  MacMahun.  Taris:  8to,  pp,  31,  From 
tbo  Courrier  de  Diniancho.    Aeon. 

2718.  1866.  Suval,  Paul,  Directeur  du  ll^conoiuiate  Fran;aia. — ItfSexion^ 
Biu-  le  politique  de  rEmjitreur  en  Algerit.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  viii.  and  184. 

The  author  attacks  the  theory  of  a  "  Royaume  arabe." 
S719.     1866.     FourmeBtraoz,  K — Ua  idi^ea  napoltouiennea  en  Algirie.     Paris  i 
12nio,  pp.  197. 

2720.  1866.  Cahen,  Abr.,  Grand  liabbin.— Sur  les  Juifa  de  I'Algdrie  et  <i. 
Tuggurt.    Bcc.  de  Not  st  Idiio.  Soo.  Arch.  Conslantine,  vol.  x.  p.  1, 

2721.  1866.  Marchand,  Jules. — lusciiptious  recueilliea  &  OoDslaotine,  Lc, 
p.  17. 

S722.     1866.    Tauxler,  H. — Sur  la  d^terminaticMi  et  le  sens  du  plneieors  mota  liv 

raadeiiae  laogue  Nmnide.    1.  c,  p.  9T. 
272S.    1866.    Chabassidre, — Kecherches  li  Thubrnncum,  Uadauri  et   Tipu;i. 

1.  o„  p.  108,  with  plates  and  translation  of  i  use ri|it ions  by  M,  Marcliand. 


2724.    1866.    Bamiond,  Director  of  tlio 
ex&iilOca  1  Lnmbfeae.    1,  c.,  p.  230. 


1  Oen trait. — Sur  les 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OP  ALGERIA.  293 

8725.  1866.  airol.  A.,  Garde  gdndral  des  ForSts.— Notes  archeologiques  sur 
'llieyeste  et  see  environs.    1.  c,  p.  173. 

2726.  1866.    Jadas,  Dr. — Sur  des  inscriptions  numidico-puniques.   1.  c,  p.  262. 

2727.  1866.  Blra^pie. — Histoire  africaiDe,  de  la  division  de  Tempire  des  Arabes 
et  de  I'origine  et  du  progrds  de  la  monarchie  des  Mahometans  dans  TAfrique  et 
dans  I'Espagne.    (Trad,  de  Pure.)    Paris :  12mo. 

2728.  1866.  Nicholl,  John. — Some  account  of  the  Worshipful  Ck)mpaDy  ot 
Ironmongers,  compiled  from  their  own  records  and  other  authentic  sources  ot 
information.    London :  privately  printed,  4to,  pp.  637  and  xlviii. 

This  contains  an  account  of  John  Betton,  who  left  half  his  fortune  for  the 
redemption  pf  slaves  in  Barbary. 

2729.  1866.  HinohfBld,  O.  J.— Sacerdote  municipali  nell' Africa.  From  tho 
Annali  dell'Istituto  ArcheoL  di  Koma,  t.  xxxviii.  p.  28. 

2780.  1866.  Armieux,  Dr. — Topographic  m^icale  du  Sahara  de  la  province 
d'Oran.  Alger:  8/o,  pp.  113.  Ouvrage  couronnd  par  la  Soci^t^  de  Climatologie 
Alg^enne. 

2781.  1866.  Berbrugger,  A.,  Inspecteur  g^adral  des  Monuments  historiques. — 
Le  Tombeau  de  la  Chr^tienne,  mausol^  des  rois  mauritaniens  de  la  derni^re 
dynastie,  avec  vues  du  monument  avant  et  apr^  I'exploration,  et  plan  de 
Thypogee.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  96. 

2782.    Hippone.  Inscriptions  sent  by  Dr.  Reboud.  Rev.  Afr.,  vol.  x.  p.  102. 

2788.    Exploration  du  Tombeau  de  la  Chretienne :  r&ultats  obtenus.  1.  c, 

p.  208. 

2784.     Notes  relatives  i  la  r^volte  de  Ben  Sakheri.    1.  c,  p.  337. 

2786.    Tanaramusa  Castra.    1.  c,  p.  353. 

2786.    Le  Tombeau  de  la  Chretienne  d'apr^  Shaw  et  Bruce.    L  c,  p.  441 

2787.  1866.  F^raud,  Ii. — !^poque  de  r^tablissement  des  Turcs  ^  Constantine. 
1.  c.y  p.  179. 

2788.  1866.  Fiesse,  Iiouis. — L'Odyss^  ou  diversity  d'aventure,  &c.,  par  le 
Sieur  Chastelet  des  Boys.    L  c,  pp.  91  et  seq, — See  No.  145. 

2789.  1866.  Salvator,  DanieL  —  Fantaisie  sur  une  fiiite  double,  instrument 
arabe,    L  c,  pp.  382  et  seq, 

2740.  1866.    Boucher,  C. — De  la  rage  en  Alg^rie.    Paris :  8vo. 

2741.  1866.  Bouvre,  Ii.,  Avocat. — Les  codes  fran^ais-alg^riens  compar&s,  com- 
preuant  ^gslement  la  legislation  fran9ai6e  et  tunisienne,  code  civil  et  code  de 
procedure  civile.    Paris :  8vo. 

2742.  1866.  Faure,  Dr.  Ii. — Ethnographic  des  peuples  primitifs  du  Nord  de 
TAfrique.  Alger:  12mo,  pp.  20.  M6moire  couronn^  par  la  Soc.  de  Climat. 
Alg^r. 

2748.  1866.  St.  Amant.— L'Alg^rie  et  les  ndgres  libres  des  £tats-Unis.  Alger : 
8vo. 

2744.  1866.  St.  Maur,  J.  de. — Objections  centre  Tintroduction  d'engag^  noirs 
en  Alg^e. 

2745.  1866.  Voyage  de  Yermont-sur-Oise  ^  Constantine,  sur  POued  Rummel, 
Setif,  Boogie  et  Alger,  par  une  femme  (Mme.  Aune  Dutertre).    Caen :  8vo. 

Only  a  few  copies  printed. 


204 


I  BIIIUOGRAI'HV  Of  AUitJiiA, 


I)<ij>uc1i,  promier  Kvfiqne 
aplilicable  i 


le  terrice  foresti 


2746.    18G6.    Pionneau,    I'AbW  E.-Vic-  il,;  Sr^jr 

d'Alger,     Ikirilcaux  :  yvo,  \'\:.  485. 
8747.    1866.    Sohmit,    G.—lusl  rue  lions    i 

Algcrie. 
3748.    186G.    £tat  dc  consistence  tics  furetn. 
2748.     1806,    Bapports  sur  les  incendiM  lie  fortis.  180a-65. 
2750.    1B6C.    Bnqufite  sur  lea  incendifs  do  foreta  1800-65. 
27B1.    1806.    SlTodier,  A.  H.  A.,  and  Philippe  Boimd. — Eiameo  critiqiu> 

dos  prociklis  tiBittB  jjour  Id  jiUiitation  des  nrbrea  en  Algerie  ct  en  Fnmoe.     Le 

Ciiroubier  ou  I'lrliro  Uca  Lotoiiliages.     Alger :  ISmo,  )ip.  111. 
2762.     1801).     Arias,  liUis  de.  Consul  dn  FspnHa  en  Curdifl',  ex-Tici.'O.'in^iLl  tn 

ArgeL — Unn  fuucioii  tie  Aisaua.     CanlilT;  Svo,  jip.  45. 
2768.    16C0.    BoUib,  Gfirliard. — Besum^  liisIuHque  ct  g6igrsijliiqne  ile  Vex- 

[ilumtian  de  .  .  .  au  I'uunt  et  fi  In-falali,  i1bpr)«  les  lettres  du  voyngeitr  in- 

B6t6ea  aiix  Aniiales  dcs  Voyn^  purV.  A.  Malie-Bnm:  Svo,  pp.  150,  nuip, 

Rohlfii  made  the  esi>cdition  to  Kabylia  in  tbo  legion  ttrangSra  iu  1801, 
and  subsequeully  visited  tunoy  parts  of  S^orth  Afi'lcn  bitberto  uiiknuivn  to 
Euro  J  leans. 
2764.    KcucBle  llricre  Ton  G.  E.  utid  Riickbliclt  nur  seine  bidierigBQ  IteiBcn 

in  Afrika  iu  den  Jnlireu  1661 -G3.    Petunu.  Geogr.  Mittli.,  p,  3,  witli  double  ingo 

map. 
S76B.    Gerhard  Itolilfs'  Tagebucli  Kciner  Rcist  von  Tuiiat  nncU  IthnJani)s 

1864.    Lc.,11.8. 
2766.    JSG6.    HaBBenBtein,  B.— Mftiioirc  y.nr  Karlc  von  G.  Itohlf.'  llciae  durcli 

die  Oascii  von  Tount  iiiid  Titliktlt  1864,  uubat  liericbt  iiber  Major  Lnn»'c  Itciw 

1825  iind  DuTfyrier's  Erkuudigungen  in  Nord-Afrita.     L  c,  p.  5H. 

Tlie  map  in  question  is  contained  in  llie  Geo^r.  Mittli.,  1865,  Tafrl  14. 
27B7.    1860.    Duveyrior,  HenrL — Ausliibrlicbe  Datcn  Ubcr  mrbrere  erkunUiirle 

Rciulcu  in  drt  Kordwestlichcu  Sahara.    1.  c.,  p.  53. 
2768.    16G6.    Beraltate  dor  Koblfa'A^eu  HulK^uroesstingen    in  Morakku   nnd 

TouaL    1.  c.,  |).  110. 
3758.    J8G6.    Bohlfb,  Q.— Account  of  a  joumcy  across  tlie  Atlas  Mounluioi  and 

tliroiigb  the  Oases  Tomt  and  Tidikdt  by  ivay  of  Gliadiuiies  in  the  year  1864. 

I'roc.  Roy.  Gcog.  Soc.  of  Loudon,  vol.  is.  Ko.  vi.  p.  312. 
2760.    18G0.    TbomaB,  A.,  and  Ph.  Helfferich. — I'rojet  de  ltMrmi^.n?M,TVjir  « 

crtor  sur  I'Oucd  buu-Hoiiiui.     Alger;  lliiiio,  pr.  41,  with  map  of  district. 

2762.  1866.  Jourdan,  Pascal,  Garde-Mines,— Flore  murale  do  In  villc  dc 
Tlemtcn.     Alger:  Svo,  p]).  38.     From  the  Gazette  M&licale  de  rAli;uric. 

Tbc  author  enunitratca  141  species. 

2763.  1866.  Iiallemant,  Ch. — Revue  critique  et  observntionB  sur  In  brocbuix: 
de  il.  le  Dr.  AmiMc'e  Maurin,  'Invasion  des  Saiiterelles :  histoire,  aiiaTomir, 
marcbc.'    Avcc  plancbcs,  deasinues  d'aprda  nature.    Alger ;  8vo,  pp.  21. 

2764.  1800.  Darru,  A.,  Ingtnienr  Agrtcole.— llltndn  sur  les  saulerellcs  on  [wint 
de  VUG  agriwile,  suivic  des  moycns  de  destruction  &  emiJoyer.  Algi-r;  Svo, 
pp.  20. 

2786.  1867.  Ibn  Batoutah,  Abu  Abd-iOla  Mohammed. — Voynjes  J'  .  .  . 
Teste  arabe  ct  traduction  i>ai  de  Fremery  et  Dr,  Songuiuetti.  Paris :  4  vol.  Bto. 
GSographle.    Teste  arabe  par  Rainaud  et  de  Slano.    Paris,  2  toI.  4U),  IMO, 


Ji 


A  BJBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. )  295 

27ee.  1867.  Ibn  Khaldun-— Kitabu  '1  Ibr  wa  Diwan  iil-:Mubteda.  General 
history  of  the  Mobammedan  world,  with  a  lengthy  introduction  to  the  science  of 
history.  In  Arabic.  Published  at  Bulac,  a.h.  1284 :  7  vol.  roy.  8vo. — See  also 
Xo.  1265. 

2767.  1867.  Faidherbe,  General  Ii. — Voyage  des  cinq  Nasauions  d'Herodotc 
dans  rintdrieur  de  la  Lybie.    Alger :  8vo,  map. 

2768.    M^moire  sur  les  dl^pliants  des  armies  earth aginoises.    I^onc :  8vo, 

map. 

2769.  1867.    Goeje,  M.  J.  de. — De  Berbers.  .  Amsterdam ;  8vo. 

2770.  1867.  Perrioud,  L  ^R.,' Vdrificateur  des  domaines. — Commontaire  jar 
ordre  alphabetique  du  s^natus-consulte  du  22  avril  1863 — des  lois,  decrets, 
instructions,  &c.,  sur  la  constitution  de  la  propri6t6  en  Algerie.  Public  avec 
autorisation  du  Gouvernement  g^n^ral.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  548. 

2771.  1867.  Soubiranne,  Mgr.,  Bishop  of  Algiers. — Lettres  sur  la  mis^re  des 
indigenes  en  Algdrie,  in  the  Bull,  de  Poeuvre  des  P^lerinages  de  la  Terre  Sainte, 
December. 

2772.  1867.  Aucapitaine,  Baron  H. — Ethnographic.  Nouvelles  observations 
sur  Porigine  des  Berbers-Shamou  k  propos  des  lettres  sur  la  Sahara,  par  le  Prof.  K. 
Desor  k  M.  E.  Leibeg.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  12.  Also,  *  Lettres  a  M.  E.  Desor  sur  les 
origines  des  Berbers,  et  Notions  ethnographiques  sur  les  Berbers  Touaregs.' 

2778.     Les  Beni  Mzab.    Ann.  des  Voyages,  t.  ii.  pp.  55-06  and  178-220. 

2774.  1867.  Edwards,  Miss  M.  B.— Winter  with  the  Swallows.  London : 
Svo. 

2775.  1867.  Coxnpagnie  g^nevoise  des  colonies  de  Sdtif. — Seizidme  rapport  du 
conseil  d'administration.    Geneve :  4to,  pp.  76. 

2776.  1867.  Duhousset,  Commdr.— Excursion  dans  la  Granule  Kabylie.  Notes 
et  croquis  recueillis  entre  la  JVlediterran^e  et  le  Djurjura,  18G4.  Le  Tour  de 
Monde,  Nos.  409  and  410,  pp.  273-304. 

2777.  1867.  Monseigneur  Ii.  A.  A.  Pavy,  fiveque  d' Alger.  Simple  esquisse 
par  un  ancien  cure  de  Laghonat.    Paris :  18mo,  pp.  47. 

An  obituary  notice  of  the  Bishop  and  an  account  of  his  life. 

2778.  1867.  Iiavigerie,  Charles-Martial  Allemand,  Archeveque  d' Alger. — 
Lettre  pastorale  et  Mandement,  pour  la  prise  de  possession  de  son  diocese.  Paris : 
4  to,  pp.  19.    Dated  5th  May. 

2779.  1867.  Exposition  universelle  de  1867. — llapxx)rt  fait  i  S.  Exc.  M.  le 
due  de  Magenta,  marshal  de  France,  gouvemeur  g^n^ral,  i>ar  les  d61egu(5s  do 
I'Alg^rie  k  PExposition  universelle.  Alger :  4to,  pp.  145.  Signed  by  Ferdinand 
Barrot,  president  ol'  the  commission. 

2780.  1867.  MacCarthy,  O. — L'Algdrie  ^  PExposition  universelle  de  Paris, 
avec  la  liste  des  exposants  auxquels  a  M  d<k:emd  une  recompense.  Paris :  4to, 
pp.  26. 

2781.  ^—  Notes  relatives  a  un  projet  d'agrandissement  de  la  ville  d'Algcr  par 
la  cr^tion  d'un  quartier  maritime.    Alger :  4to,  pp.  6. 

2782.  1867.  Cardona,  F. — Dos  palabras  sobre  la  emigiacion  Es|)anola  en 
Africa.    No  place :  4to,  pp.  16. 

2783.  1867.  Ville,  L.,  Ingdnieur  des  Mines. — Notice  sur  les  sondages  executds 
dans  k  province  d' Alger  pendant  les  annees  1864,  1865,  1867.  Paris:  8vo, 
pp.*  64.    From  the  Annates  des  Mines,  t.  xi. 


296  A  MBLlCKiRAPHV  OV  ALGEniA. 

2784.  IfiOT.  Bdrard,  T.,  iiidicateiir  gacieral  de  l'Alg6rie,— Dacriirtlon  gA»- 
graphique  do  tout«it  les  lt>ciilit^  couiprixea  dons  lea  trois  provinces,  accunip^iiBi.- 
dc  4  cartGB  et  3  plans,  dresses  par  0.  MacCarthy.     Alger :  Sto,  pp.  627. 

2786.  B4rard.  T.— Description  d'AIyer  et  da  8«s  environs,  avec  une  carte  et  im 
plan  drasae  par  0.  MncCarthj.     Alger:  12ino,  pp.  100. 

2786.  1867.  Stoumeau.— L'Al^tsj-ie  faisaut  appel  i.  la  France.  I'&tit:  Uvo, 
lip.  466. 

2787.  18G7.  Bobiou  de  la  Trehoiuiaia,  Agrouome.^L'agrlculture  eu  Algiric. 
Rapport  &  M.  le  Maructial  de  MacMaliuo,  Gouyerneut  general  de  I'Algerie.  Alger  : 
8vo,  pp.  69. 

S788.  1867.  Beecard,  Ciir^  de  Boivigo. — Histoire  des  reliqtiea  de  S.  Aiignstin  et 
de  leur  transktiun  a  Hifjpooe.     Parii,  Ljon  :  18mo,  pp.  116.     2nd  ed.  18C8. 

2788.  1867.  Duval,  Jules,— Les  puits  art&ieus  du  Saluun,  \  Vootmaau  du 
rapport  i  M.  le  Gouv.  gen.  sur  lea  foragtis  arteBieos  executes  dans  la  provinco  de 
Constaotine  de  18(ii>-U4.    Bull.  Soc.  Gdogr.  PariB,  1"  nem.,  p.  113. 

This  report  was  mode  at  tne  request  of  the  Soc  Guogr.  de  Paris,  and  read 
on  tbe  14th  Deo.,  13G0. 

2780.  18G7.  I-ofrano,  E.— U  Calle— Sidi  bel  Abtes,  Topograpliie,  bolaoique 
et  climatologic.  Paiis :  Svo,  pp.  2G  and  24.  From  Bull  de  U  Soc.  Dot.  dt 
France,  silance  de  8  et  20  dto,  181J5. 

2781.  1867.  Tigneral,  CapiL  CIl  da.— Ruinei  romaines  de  I'Algiirie,  &ul>- 
diviaiun  de  IJuub,  Cerclo  dc  Gutliiia.     Paria :  8vo,  pp.  HI,  10  plateii. 

2702.    1887.     Old  Stories  retold.— The  Bombardment  of   Algiers.      All   il.t- 

Year  Bound,  vol.  xcii.  pp.  l'Ju-31. 

The  story  of  Lord  Exmuuth'i  cxpediUoQ. 
2784.     1867.     Orod,  Ch.— Reclierchea  aut  la  coiislilution  physique  du  Saliara,  et 

sus  rapports  avcc  le  elirant  dea  AljieB.     Ann.  de  Voy.,  Feb.,  pp.  175-95. 
278B,     1867.     Frenoh,  E.  V.— liiicits  et  chasaea  d'Algerie.    PhilippeviUe  :   12mc. 

pp.  190. 
2780.    1867.    GliurcMll,  Lieut.- ColoueL—Life  of  Abd-el-Eader,  writtcu  tmo* 

his  own  dictation,  and  compiled  fivni  other  authentic  sources.     London :  6vo, 

2787.  1867.  Fremr,  U.  Ii.— Compte  Ileadu  au  nom  du  Conseil  d'Admliitctn- 
tton  de  la  Soci(^t6  generals  Algi^rieuue,  Exercice  1867.     Paris. 

ir  de  rOhservatoiro. — Description  de  I'&lipee  aiiuu- 
Alger :  8vo,  with  iUustrations. 

2788.  1867.  Iiaucelot,  F.— L'Algerle  an  point  de  vue  beige.  First  part,  Paris: 
8vo.     Second  i>art,  Alger :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

The  autlior  puts  the  question  and  replies  affirmatively,  "Leg  agrjcultcuts 
beiges  peuvent-ils  trouver  on  Algfirie  da  tonnes  couditiona  d'l'xlHteuce  'I " 
S800.    1867.    Iiocba,    Commandaiit.  —  Hisloire    uatun.'lla    des    Mammifires. 
Ksplor.  Scientif.  de  rAlgiirie.     Paris ;  large  4to. 

2801.    Hiatoire  natnrella   des  Oiaeaux.     Ezplor.  Scientif.  de  I'AJ^drie. 

Paris :  2  vol.  large  4to,  plates. 

2802.  1867.    Despres,  Charles. — AlgBi  ft  Paris.    Alger:  12euo,  pp.  45. 

2803.  1867.    De  Monti,  Leo.— Un  Son.    (Nouvelle.)    Alger:  Sto,  pp.  4 


A  BIBLiOGRAPMYi  OF  ALOKRIAj  297 

1867,  Jourdan,  Pasoal,  Ghirde-Mines. — Flore  miirale  «lu  Tombeau  de  la 
Chretienne.  Paris,  Alger,  Baguols-sur-Qze :  8vo,  pp.  46.  From  the  BulL  de 
la  Soc.  de  CHmat.  Alg^r.,  and  the  Gazette  M^icale  de  I'Alg^rie. 

The  author  enumerates  79  species  of  plants  found  on  the  monimient. 

2806.  1867.  F^raucU  Ii. — Monograph  ie  du  Palais -de  Cdnstantine.  Rec.  des 
Not.  et  M^m.  Soc.  Arch.  Cionst,  vol.  xi.  p.  1. 

2806.  1867.    Idewulf,  Capitiine  £.T-Note  sur  Ehamissa.    1.  c,  p.  99. . 

2807.    Inscriptions  trouvees  ^  Aln-Bcida.    L.  c,  p.  209. 

2806.  1867.  Oahen,  Abr.,  Grand  Kabbin. — Les  Juife  dans  I'Afirique  septen- 
tricnale.    L  c,  p.  102. 

2808.  1867.  Vayssettes,  £.. —  Uistoire  de  Constantine  sous  la  domination 
turque  de  1517  ^  1837.    1.  c,  pp.  241  et  seq. 

2810.  1867.  Sandoval,  X.  d^  — Les  inscriptions  d'Oran  y  Mazalquiviri. 
Madrid  :  8vo.— See  also  No.  3149. 

2811.  1867.  Hanoteau,  G^n^raL — Ponies  populaires  de  la  Kabylie  du  Juijuia. 
Teste  et  traduction.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  475. 

A  very  important  work ;  amongst  others  is  a  song  on  the  arrival  of  the 
French  in  Algeria. 

2812.  1867.  Dastugue,-  IiieuL-Colonel  H. — Quelques  mots  au  sujet  de  Tafikt 
et  de  SidjQ  Massa.    Bull.  Soc.  Gdogr.  Paris,  l^"  sem.,  p.  337,  with  map. 

This  is  a  description  of  that  part  of  Morocco  which  bounds  the  south-west 
frontier  of  Algeria,  and  which  is  probably  destined  to  be  "  rectified "  at  no 
distant  date. 

2818.    La  bataille  d'Alkassar-el-Kebir.    Rev.  Afr.,  vol.  xi.  pp.  130*  et  seq. 

2814.  1867.  Vincent,  Dr.  M.  A.,  and  Dr.  V.  CoUardot.— Le  cholera  d'apres^ 
les  neuf  ^pid^mies  qui  ont  rfen^  ^  Alger  dcpuis  1835  jusqu'en  1865.  Paris :  8vo, 
pp.  208,  with  plan  of  Algiers. 

2815.  1867.  Angeraud,  ColoneL — Rapport  sur  le  bolide  de  Tadj6ra.  Rev... 
Afr.,  vol.  xL  pp.  321  et  seq, 

2816.  1867.    Berbrugger,  A.^-lgigili,  Choba  et  Muslobio.    1.  c,  pp.  310  et  seq. 

2817.    Voies  et  moyena  du  rachat  des  captifs  Chretiens  dans  les  ^tats- 

barbaresques.    1.  c,  pp.  325  et  iseq, 

2818.    Un  voyage  de  Paris  ^  Alger  en  1731.    1.  c,  pp.  417  et  seq, 

2819.  1867.    F^a\Ldy.  C. — Choba  municipium,    1.  c,  pp.  399  et  seq. 

2820^   1867.    Fiesse^.liouis. — Relation  d*un  ancien  voyage. — See  Tollot,  1742. 

2821.    1867.    Fereau»>  !EL — Barages-r^rvoirs  de  Boudouaou  et  du  .Hamiz.    A. 
MM.  les  Pr^ident  et  Membres  du  CoDseil  g^ndral  d' Alger.    Alger:  4Go,  pp.  36. • 
The  author  published  several  other  letters  on  the  same  subject  in  1868. 

1867.  Iiovouz,  Charles,  Ingdnieiu*. — Notice  sur  les  gisemeuts  de  fer  des* 
environs  d'Alger.    Mines  de  Soumab.    Alger :  4to,  pp.  11. 

1867.  M.  JJ  C. — De  Pavenir  des  mines  de  cuivre  en  Alg^rie.  Notice  sur 
les  mines  de  T^n^  (concession  de  rOued-Allelah).  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  30,  with  a 
plan  of  the  district  to  the  east  of  Tdn^  in  which  this  concession  is  situated. 

2824.  1868.  Wingfield,^Hon.  Iiewi8«t-*Under  the  palms  in  A^ria  and  Tunis. 
London :  2  vol.  8vo. 


208  A  IStUUOCIIACHT  OF  Al.GEI!!.- 

2B2e.    i«ia. 

algerienne.     1 

28S6,  186^.  Kapport  ile  k  (vniiDiission  aur  reiiEemcnccfflentS  en  territoires  de 
tribus — Associations  ontiB  Europ&nB  et  Indigines— Prets  de  grains — CoiiMrencr* 
ouvertes  eiitrc  i'aiitoritij  iiiilitniru  ct  lea  uuIaUea  Europt-cna  de  CoDStnntinr. 
CoMtaniine :  fol..  \>p.  10. 

Ilie  object  of  thuse  confurences  wan  to  devise  iiienns  for  preventing  famine. 

such  as  devastaied  tlie  country  iii  1967-8.    The  report  ends  with  the  wonJs, 

"Plaisu  :\  Dieti  que  la  race  araba  echagipe  e&  18<)9  niix  falates  defltin^es  de  si 

constitution  economique." 

3827.    18S8.    1.0.  fajnlne  en  Als^rle  et  les  discovirs  ofBcieU.    Erreiira  el  oon- 

tradictioDH.    Cuustantine :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

A  letter  addressed  by  a  large  uumber  of  inli&bitaDts  of  Cotiltantine  to  the 
senators  and  deputies. 
2828.     Iti6H.     Cadoz,  F.,  Hiutsier  iL  Uascam.— Initiation  A  la  science  du  droit 

niuauiman.     Yariiiti-sjuridiqaes.     Orau:  8vo,  pp.  US. 
8628.    I8G8.    Judas,  la  Dr.  C.  A.,  Military  Surgeon. — Siir  pluaieurt  titiei 
d'^pitapbcs  libyquea  d6»uviirtcs  en  Algurie,  iiaj-ticuli£rement  dans  les  ccrzles  de 
BOne.     Paris:  Svn,  pp.  SO,  4  plates.    From  Annalcs  dea  Voyages. 

Tlie  author  jniblished  an  auaiysia  of  the   Tliugga  iiiacription  and  further 
obeenacioua  on  Libyan  iiiscriptiaus  in  18G0.    Faiis  :  8vo,  pp.  BO,  1  ])late. 

2830.    Sur  ime  rumvolle  sirie  d'e'iiitaphcs  libyques  Irouv&s  A  la  CLaffia  (Br 

M.  Reboud  ii.  ihu  \un.  di-M  Voy.,  Pari*,  Aiiril  18(i9. 

2881.    Sur  ciuelqut'H  cpitaphes  libyques  et  latiiio-libj-quos  poiir  faire  suite  :•. 

nies  troia  niemuires,  4c.     Paris  :  1870,  8vo,  pp.  14,  1  plalr. 

28SS.     Bsamens  dcs  mdmoirea  do  M.  le  Dr.  Kelwud  et  de  il.  le  General 

I'aidherbc,  aur  les  inscriplions  libyqiiea.     Paris :  8vo,  p]j.  113. 
2833.     I8G8.     Besa  i  Algeriet,  iuneli&llaude  eu  lieshrifning  ufver  kndela  naiui^ 
in4rkvardigl]cter,  itc.     Wtnersli-ir;; ;  f<vo. 

2884.  1888.  Hvans,  Mrs.  Iiloyd.— Last  Winter  in  Algeria.  Ivondoii :  8vo, 
p]>.  343. 

2885.  186S.  Audry,  It — Les  cnnipagQeB  d'Afriiiue.  Reciis  jxipiihiires  vt  auK- 
dotiques.     Paris :  32iiio,  pj..  384. 

2836.  18G8.  Maltzan,  Heinr.  Freiherr  Ton.— Drei  J^ibru  im  Konln'wten 
von  Aff  ika.  Hoisen  iii  Aigericn  iind  Morokko.  IitipKig :  4  vol.  ji[i.  1247,  plain 
and  map. 

An  iulereating  work,  tlie  result  of  seven  successive  voyages  by  an  arJent 
and  iNtelUi;eut  traveller. 
2887.     186B.     FeuUleret,   S.—l,(i3  Ilouialua  en  Afrique.      episodes  de  I'butoire 
e  de  TAlgurie.    l.imoges  ot  Lille  :  8vo,  pp.  144  and  iilatea. 
1863.    Bocoa. — ijiielques  notes  aur  rhistoiro  d'ltalie  et   la    g^jgrajrhie 
10  dc  I'AfriquB.     Orleans;  8vo,  ]ip.  24. 
2B38.    1S68.    Vigneral,  Ch.  de,  Capitains  d'l^tat-mnjor.— Riiincs  rumaincs  d« 
I'Algfirie,  Kabylie,  du  Djurdjura.     Pnris :  Sro,  pp.  195,  17  plates  and  inscriptioDj. 

2840.  186S.  F^raud,  Xi. — Ei tab-el- Ad wani,  ou  le  Sahara  de  Coiulantine  et 
Tunis.    Hoc  Not.  el  Muni.  Soc.  Ai-eb.  Const.,  vol.  xii.  pp.  1-208. 

1'his  is  ail  Araiiic  work  of  modem  dale,  a  curious  jncturo  of  triluil  luitory 
and  desert  lifi.'. 

2841.  1868.     Dowulf,  Capitaina  E.— iu.=criptions  de  Aiu  Eoiila.     I.  t,  p.  209. 


^ 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  299 

.    1866.    Pont,  liieut.  Justin. — ]fitudes  Listoriqucs  siir  les  Amamia.    L  c, 
pp.  217-40. 

ContainiDg  information  on  'two  points  of   geography  liitherto  doubtful, 
Mascula  and  Barai. 

2843.  1868.    Mercier,    E.,    Interprdte  judiciaire. — Une  jjage  de  rhistoire  do 
rinvasion  arabe.    La  Kahena.    1.  c,  pp.  241-54. 

2844.  1868.     Cherbonneau,  Auguste. — Excursion  dans  les  mines  do  Mila, 
Sufevar,  Sila  et  Sigus  pendant  V6t6  de  1863.    L  c.,  pp.  393-456. 

2845.    Observations  sur  Tinscription  administrative  de  Lambese.     1.  c, 

p.  479,  plate. 

2848.     1868.     Serizat,    Chef  de  bataillon. — Ruines  et  inscriptions  de  Morsot, 
cercle  de  Tebessa,    L  c,  pp.  457-71. 

2847.     La  Basilique  de  Tebessa.     Extmit  d'un  nii)ix)rt  sur  les  nouvelles 

fouilles  execut^es  sous  la  direction  du  Commandant  S  .  .  .     1.  c,  pp.  475-7. 


L    1868.    Bonvalet,   ColoneL — Notice  sur  les  ruines   de  Tiklat  (Tubu- 
suptus).    1.  c,  pp.  485-7. 

2849.  18G8.  Mercier,  £. — Notice  nccrologicpie  sur  M.  Aucapitaiuo.  1.  c, 
pp.  515-17. 

2850.  1868.  Du  Bouzet,  Charles,  Editor,  Prefet  of  Oran,  and  subseciuently 
Commissaire  extraordinaire  of  the  Republic  at  Algiers. — L'Algerie,  hier  et  domain, 
from  the  Revue  Moderne,  25th  January. 

2851.  1868.    Desprez,  Ch. — ^Alger  naguere  et  maintenant.    Alger  :  12mo. 

2852.  1868.  Fr^vost-ParadoL — La  France  Nouvclle.  Paris. — See  also  North 
British  Review,  Sept.  1808,  No.  xcvii.  pp.  125-48. 


.  1868.  Itin^raire  des  routes  de  I'Algerie  avec  I'indication  des  Stapes, 
grandes  haltes,  caravanserails,  lieux  habitds,  &c.  Alger :  12mo ;  2nd  edition  in 
1873. 


1868.    Souvenirs  d'Afrique,  1854-5 ;   par  le  Doctcur  X.    Lille :   8vo, 
pp.  vi.  and  255. 

2855.  1868.  Ijavigne,  G. — L'Algerie  et  le  Rhin.  Article  in  the  Revue 
Moderne,  25th  May. 

2856.  1868.  Pardiac»  PAbb^. — Voyage  archeologique  dans  la  vallee  d'Oran. 
From  the  Revue  de  TArt  Chretien,  December. 

2857.  1868.  Brodie,  William. — De  Tirrigation  en  Algerie  et  des  avantages  qui 
resulteront  de  la  construction  de  travau.K  d*irrigation  dans  cette  contree.  Trad. 
de  I'anglais  par  Girard  Dupresne.    London  and  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  64. 

2858.  1868.  Iiunel,  Eug. — La  question  algerienne.  Les  Arabcs  ;  Parmee ;  les 
colons.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  137. 

2858.  1868.  Ball,  Arthur.  —  La  question  algerienne  a  vol  d'oiseau.  Mar- 
seille et  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  49. 

2880.  1868.  Mattel,  A.,  Lieutenant  of  the  Garde  Imperiale. — Protestation 
contre  les  detracteurs  du  syst^me  administratif  suivi  actucllement  en  Algdrie. 
I'aris :  8vo,  pp.  29. 

2861.  1868.  Iiacretelle,  G^n^ral  Ch.  Nic— De  TAlgt^rie  au  point  dc  vue  de 
la  crise  actuellc.    Paris,  Lyon  [printed] :  8vo,  pp.  102.    Published  anonymously. 


•300  A  BJBUOOBAPHV  OF  ALGERIA. 

-2868.    ISm.    Edwards,  MatUda  Bethan.— Through  Spalu  to   I 
London;  8vo,  pp.  317. 

The  travels  in  the  Siihnra  consist  siiiij'ly  of  a  Tisit  to  Tlcnifaj  and  Saidn. 
'3863.     186S,     CtouTemement  g^n^ral  de  l'Alg6rie.— Tal>1eau  dc  la  situXku 
dea  (StabUssements  francaig  dans  I'Algt-rie,  amiiSes  1S65^6.    Pftris:  4tn,  pp.  526. 

2864,     Bapport  i\  rEmpereur  siir  la  situation  de  la  pTOjiri^l^  tcrriloriftle  en 

Algfirie.     Moniteur,  5th  May, 
286B.    1866.    Ifiel,  Mardobal.— Bnpport  iL  rEmpereur.      From    the  Journal 
OiSdel,  10th  Dec,  regarding  the  new  delimitation  of  the  Department  of  Con- 
stnntine. 

3866.  1868.  Flayfoir,  Iiieat-CoL  H.  L. — On  the  Trade  and  CoDimeTce  of 
Algeria  for  18G6.  Consular  Commercial  lieporta,  1608,  Part  i,  p.  7.  la  the  sarae 
vol  is  a  second  Beport  hy  Col.  Playfair,  '  On  British  Colonisaliou  and  tbu  famine  in 
Alzeria,'  datcl  23rd  March,  1868. 

3887.    1888.    Ville,  In^toieur  en  chef  dea  Mines.-^Voyage  d'explorallon  dans  les 
baasins  du  Hodna  et  du  Sahara.       Paris:   4to,  pp.  vii,  and  790,  with  3  t 
and  2  plates. 

sees.     1868.     Serisiat,   Dr.— llltudee   sur   I'Onns   dc    Biskra.      Hvo. 
couronn^  par  )a  Soc.  de  Qimat.  Alg.    Alger :  Hvo,  pp.  223. 

2869.  1868.  TarzanoWEikt. — La  chaase  au  Sahara  alg^rien.  From  the  Biblift- 
teli.\  WarBzaivska,  Slay  18G8. 

3870.    ISriR.    Aucapitalne,    Baron    H.  — Lea    Beni  tStab,  Sahan  ali^rlen. 

Paris :  8vo. 
'3871.     1868.     Poron,  A.— Sur  la  (wagtitnlion   "^■ologiqiio  des  moutagjies  de  la 
Grande  Ealiylie.     Sur  lea  roches  .In  maarif  d' Alger  et  d'autret  pointa  du  littoral 
africain.     Bull.  Soc.  Gdolog.  de  France,  2*  Bi3r.,  t.  sxiv.  pp.  627-52. 

'S87S.     1868.     Devoulx,   A.— Le    livro   dca   Bisnnni   de   la   flott*  de   I'an 
H^gence.     Alger :  6vo,  only  JOO  copeB  were  lithographed,  pp.  W.  and  25,  o 
illustrations. 
3873.    1868.    Hugonnet,  Ii.— Lb.  crise  alg^riemte  et  la  democrat ie, 
d'uiie  lettre  iV  M.  fimile  de  Gitardin.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  94. 

The  ^vriter  applies  to  the  various  iiystems  tried  in  Algeria  the  snyiBgoT 
A.  Knrr,  "  Plus  cela  ohango  et  plus  c'cat  la  mEme  chose." 
Berard,  A. — L'AIg<^rif 


situation  pr^scnte,  son  avenlr.    Patit: 


3874. 

8to. 

3876.    1868.    lieyniei,  E.— litude  but  I'lalamisme  et  le  mariago  des  Aral 
AJgMe,    Paris  et  Alger :  18mo,  pp.  vi.  and  191. 

'3876.    1868.    De  Slaue,  HacQ-.,  and  Ch.  Gabeau.— Vocahiilaire  destintf 
la  transcription  en  franfais  des  noma  de  personnca  et  de  lieux    usttds  cbet 
indig6nea   de   I'Algerie.     D'aprJs    leu  documenta   foumia   par   le  Gonvei 
gfin^ral  de  I'Algi'rie.    Paris :  Hvo.     Prcraiiire  pnrtie — Noms  de  Pcteonnes, 

•3877.    1868,    Bertherand,  Dr.  E.  Ii.— La  rrnyecine  legalt-  en  Alg(!rie. 

3878.     Medecino  du  Prophit«.     Sto. 

-.3879.    Fouillcs  des  dolmens  du  plateau  dea  Beui-ilessjue.     Bull. 

Clirant.,  NfS.  1-3,  I'p.  >=«-I01. 


coImw4^^ 

ring  of 
Pnii: 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  801 

2880.  1868.  Qildebert  d*Heroourt»  Dr.  —  £tndes  anthropologiques  sur 
soixante-seize  indigenes  de  TAfrique  fran^aise.  Mum.  Soc.  Anthrop.  de  Paris, 
t  iiL    Alflo  published  Bepurately,  8yo,  pp.  23,  2  plates. 

The  author's  remarks  apply  both  to  Arabs  and  Eabyles. 

L.    1868.    Etlar,  O. — Arabem  eg  Kabyler;  skildringer.    Copenhagen:  8vo, 
pp.  188. 

Sketches  of  Arabs  and  Kabyles. 

1868.  Faidherbe,  GMntod. — ^Recherches  anthropologiques  sur  les  tom- 
beaux  m^galithiques  de  Roknia.  Bull,  de  TAcad.  d'Hippone.  B6ne :  8vo,  pp.  77, 
6  tables,  12  plates. 

■  I/avenir  du  Sahara  et  du  Soudan.    Paris :  8vo. 


1868.    Bourguignaty  J.  B. — ^£tudes  g^ologiques  et  paldontologiques  des 
hauts  plateaux  de  I'Atlas,  entre  Boghar  et  Tiaret.    Paris :  4t;o,  pp.  35,  3  plates. 

Souvenirs  d'une  exploration  scientifique  dans  le  Nord  de  TAfrique. 


Monuments  symboliques  de  PAlg^rie.    Paris :  4to,  pp.  24,  3  plates. 

2886.  1868.  Bomjot,  Dr.»  ex-Professeur  d'Histoire  Naturelle  au  Lyc^e  Bona- 
parte.— ^Promenades  g^logiques  et  anthropologiques  aiix,  environs  d'Alger. 
Alger :  8vo,  pp.  23. 

1868.  Marguet,  F. — ^Une  mine  d'or  non  exploit^'e  en  Algerie.  Question 
essentielle  du  veritable  principe  de  I'^l^vagc  et  Tam^lioration  du  bdtail  par  la  race 
indigtoe.    Alger :  12mo,  pp.  22. 

1868.  Voyage  en  Alg6rie  par  sept  touristes  fran9ais,  rddig^  par  X.,  Tun 
d'eux,  sur  des  notes  prises  jour  par  jour.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  284. 

1868.  CJonstantin,  M. — ^Le  Lion  de  Blidah ;  l^gende  arabe.  Paroles  et 
musique.    Paris. 

1868.    Nenburger,  8. — ^Nordafrikanische  Reise-Skizzen.    Miinchen :  8vo. 

1868.  Blackburn,  H. — Artists  and  Arabs,  or  Sketches  in  Sunshine. 
London :  8vo,  pp.  208,  with  illustrations. 

1868.  Coquand,  H. — Sur  I'&ge  des  gisements  de  sel  gemme  (Djebel- 
Mdlah),  sur  Torigine  des  ruisseaux  baUs  (Oued  M^lah)  et  les  lacs  salds  (Cliotts  et 
Sebkbra)  de  I'Alg^rie.    Bull.  Soc.  G^log.  de  France,  t.  xxv.  No.  3,  pp.  431-53. 

1868.  Hardouin,  Ii. — Sur  la  g^logie  de  la  subdivi^on  de  Constantine. 
1.  c,  pp.  828-46,  with  map. 

1868.  Iiagrange,  O. — Souvenirs  de  voyage — Alg^rie  et  Tunisie — Cor- 
respondance.    Langres :  12mO,  pp.  409,  autograph. 

1868.  Naphegyi,  G.,  MJ>.— Among  the  Arabs :  A  narrative  of  adventure 
in  Algeria.    London  :  8vo,  pp.  252,  with  .portrait. 

r.  1868.  Bapport  sur  le  vobu  formula  par  le  Conseil  g^n^ral  d'Alger  pour 
la  reunion  k  cette  province  des  cercles  de  Bougie  et  de  Boussaada.  Par  G^ndral 
P^got^  Commandant  de  Constantine.    Ck)n8tantine :  4to,  pp.  28. 

1863.  Bnhouaset. — Les  races  alg^riennes;  les  Eabyles  du  Djurdjura. 
M^moire  prdsent^  k  I'Acad^mie  des  Sciences.  Bev.  des  Cours  Scient.,  11th  April. 
—See  also  Mto.  de  la  Soc.  d'Anthrop.,  1872. 

2889.  1868.  Compagnie  g^nevoise  des  colonies  de  Sdtif. —  Dix-septi^me 
rapport  du  conseil  d'administration.    Geneve :  4to,  pp.  79. 


A  UlDLlOGRArHV  Of  AI.GEf:iA. 

>.    1668.    Ii'Algdrie  davont  le  Budget     I'ariii :  12mo,  pp.  4 

A  sketch  of  tlie   iiiniiDer  in  which  Algeria  has  been  goveraei)  Biiice  tliu 
conquest,  nnil  an  appeal  for  no  more  nr/sica*  or  lei;islalioii  hrti  perjonul  govwa- 


BulU 


2801.    18G8.    Biirlire,  A. — Nute  sui'  I'lkiiicatiou  dcs  autracbes  en  Alserit 

8oc.  Imp.  d'Accliui.,  1868,  p.  639. 
2B02.     186B.     Berbrugger,  A.— Dissertation  aur  Sutliiiljet  Cjlacoa.     Rev.  Afr., 

vol.  xii.  p.  62. 

3903.    Note  sur  lo  pont  aotiqne  de  CoDBtantine.    1.  a.,  pp.  132  tt  sej. 

2B04.    — — ^  Nc,te  aur  uu  snrcopluigB  deoouvert  an  Jatdin  Marengo,    L  c^  p.  134. 
2806.     llai)port  sur  lea  mines  de  Basgnniii.     L  c,  p.  210. 

5006.     Nute  sur  le  pont  de  rUdrrachQ  ct  flon  inEcription.     I.  c,  p.  S3(X 

5007.  1868.    Fdraud,  li.— Toiimfe  dana  la  province  de  Constantine.    I.e.,  p.  47. 
InleresUng  information  regarding  the  great  Arah  tribe  of  Abd-en-Nour. 

B906.     Les   aucieus   ctablisseiuents   religiens  miwulmans  en  Constniiline. 

1.  c,  p.  121. 
Seoe.    Coni|iiOte  de  Bougie  [ar  les  Eapagouls,  d'apres  na  MS.  arab«.   1.  c, 

p.  245. 
S810.    lixploitBtion  dea  forSts  de  In  Knnista  dnn^  la  Kabylie  orieoLalc 

sous  1ft 'domination  turqiie.     1.  e...  p.  378. 
SOU.     18C8.     Clierboiuieau.~Ob><crvntions   sur  rorigiue  et  1a  forinatiun  du 

Inngageafrioftiii.     1.  c,  p.  09. 
2913.    Dncnments    inedits  eur  Obdd-Alltth,  fondateur  de  la  dynastio 

•ribn-Uamuiad.     1.  c-.,  pp.  464  et  Mq. 
S913.     Notice    bibliogmpliique   aur    Kalflfadi,   innlhd[na.ticien    arahe   du 

XV  .liMe.     I.  C,  p.  190. 

2814.  1808.  Godard,  lAoa, — Noins  africiios  ruiifermi's  dans  Iv  Jobaunidal 
de  Corippus.     1.  c,  p.  203. 

2815.  1868.  Mercier,  S. — -N'otice  Hur  Ich  Almoravidi^s  ct  les  Almoaliailoa  d'a]ir«« 
h's  hiatoriena  arnbes.     1.  c,  p.  217. 

B918.    Ituines  dc  I'Oiipidutji  Tucoa,  k  Merdja.     I,  c,  p.  364. 

2817.  1868.  Judaa,  A.— Kur  viog-scpt  inacriptions  libyijues  r&Kimoent  troovt^) 
aux  environs  de  Ittue.     1.  c,  p.  257. 

2818.  1868,  GallaJB,  F.— Essai  do  naturaiisation  des  regfitaui  utile*  &  r»gri- 
culture  entre  les  [inriillSlea  3O°-40°.  La  profiuce  d'Algcr  prise  comme  type. 
Angoulema :  8vo,  py.  loa. 

A  letter  ™iiirp-seJ  lu  tlif  Minister  of  Agricultiire. 
S910.    18G8.    Iiacroix,  Fr^d^ric — Afriquo  ancieime.    I'roilnits  ve'gulaux,    [.  c, 
|ip,  409  e<  »cj. 

2820.  1868.    Tauxisr,  K,— Barlns,  le  plus  ancieii  nom  d' Alger.    1,  c,  pp.  420 

2821.  18t!8,    B&illy.— £tudi.'BBurrAlg(:'rieeal865,    Paris ;  12mD,  pp.  12^ 
2922,     1868,     A^61y,— L'enu  ^lour  tous,  I'enu  partout,  a  bon  niarcbe, 

2928.  1808.  Oemy,  Dr.  Alphonse,  aJid  Dr.  Sdmond  Bruoh.— De  rh3pital — - 
civil  d'Alger.    £][udti  sur  b  reconstruction.    Alger :  8to,  p[i.  36. 

28S4.  1808,  Bercholoa,  C6aar.— E^iijUL'te  sur  l.t  MiiLntlnit  et  Ic.i  bvsoina  do^ 
riisriculliireaiL:-rLf.,iir.     Alger:  i^i'o,  j.p.  13. 


A  BIBU06RAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  303 

>.  1869.  Berbrngger,  A. — Oran  sous  Ics  Espagnols.  Expeditions  et  Kazias. 
'iVadaction  de  rapports  oOSciels  espagaols  snr  la  prise  de  Mers-el-kebir  en  1550. 
^ev,  Afr.,  voL  xiii.  p.  100. 

■        De  I'hospitalit^  cbez  les  Arabes.     L  c,  p.  145. 


1869.    Berbrugger,  A. — Death  of.    1.  c,  p.  319. 

>.     1869.    Fdraud,  Ch. — Les  ch^rifs  kabyles  de  1804  et  1809  dans  la  province 
de  Gonstantine.    1.  c,  p.  211. . 

1869.    Cherbonneau,  A. — Relation  de  la  prise  de  Tebessa  par  Tarm^ 
en  Tan  45  de  I'Hegire.    Traduit  de  '  Fotoh  Ifrikia.'    1.  c,  p.  225. 

Documents  historiques  sur  Th^r^tique  Abou-Yezid  Mokhalled-ibn- 

de  Tademkt.    Tradnit  de  la  chronique  d'Ibn  Hammad.    1.  c,  p.  78. 

Observations  sur  le  dialecte  arabo  de  I'Alg^rie.    1.  c,  p.  288. 


1869.    Chabassidre,  G^mdtre.  —  Sour  Djouab  et  ses  environs,  with 
2  plates.    1.  c,  p.  315. 

1869.    DevoulXy  Albert. — ^La  marine  de  la   H^genoe  d*Alger.     1.  c, 
384. 

Enlevement  d'un  Pacha  par  les  Kabyles.    1.  c,  p.  459. 


1869.    Masseloty  J.,  Lieutenant  de  vaisseau. — ^Ville  et  rade  de  Bougie. 
ie :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

1869.  Daiixnas,  G^n^ral  £. — La  vie  arabe  et  la  society  musulmane. 
^aris  :  8vo,  pp.  xv.  and  594.— See  No.  2963. 

1869.  De^jardins,  Ernest.— La  Table  de  Peutinger  d'apr^  Poriginal 
conserve  &  Yienne,  prdc^dde  d'une  introduction  historique  et  critique.  Paris: 
folio. 

.    1.869.    Fdraud,  Charles. — Notes  historiques  sur  la  province  de  Gonstantine. 
^ec.  de  Not.  et  M^m.  Soc.  Arch.  Gonstantine,  vol.  xiii.  p.  1. 

Histoire  de  Bougie.    1.  c,  pp.  85-408,  map. 


1869.  Judas,  Dr.  A. — Sur  plusieurs  inscriptions  libyques  decouvertes 
^^ns  les  environs  de  Gonstantine.  This  completes  a  memoir  by  the  same  author 
m  the  same  year,  in  the  Annales  des  Voyages.    1.  c,  p.  69. 


•     1869.    Cherbonneaii. —  L*inscription  du  Tetrastyle  de  Potitus  k  Gon- 
Ata^tine. 


•     1869.    Meroier,  S. — £tude  siu*  la  confr^rie  des  Khouan  de  Sidi  Abd-el- 
■^^^ier-el-Djilani,  ^  propos    d'un    cat^hisme    k  Tusage  de  la  dite  secte.     1.  c, 

P-     ^:09. 


•    1869.    Boysson,    Capitaine    de. — Les     tombeaux    m^galithiques   des 
^^*^^d.    Lc.,p.  621. 


1869.    Foulle,  A.  —  Inscriptions  d'El-Madher  (Gasae),  et  des  environs. 
1-  <5.,p.  637. 


•  1869.  Duvaly  Jules,  et  Dr.  Aug.  Wamier. — Bureaux  arabes  it 
^^l^^Bs.  Expense  au  Gonstitutionnel,  pour  faire  suite  aux  lettres  de  M.  llouhcr. 
P&rxs  ;  8vo,  pp.  190. 


1869.    Dupr6  de    Saint-Maur   et    Viguier.— Simple    note   sur   les 
mesures  urgentes  &  prendre  pour  r^pondre  aux  voeux  de  TAlgdrie,  &c.    Paris :  8vo 

pp.  i5- 

var-.    Ml,  V 


304  A  mBLlOGRArHY  OF  AI.QtlUA.  ^^^^^^| 

2847.  11569.    Sartor,  J.,ATOcat.— Frojetde  ti!fonnespolit;qQt.'setadiDlniitidUvc» 
d'Alger.     Oran :  8vo,  pp,  IG. 

2848.     De   Id   conditba   politique  dea  ctrangerji,  des   MuBulmanB   et   des 

Israflites  en  Alpine.     De  la  naturalisation  ea  Fr&nce  eC  en  Alg^rie.     PariB  :  8ro, 
pp.  125. 

S848.    ISGS.    ObservBitlons  sur  le  goavenieinentj;(Ie  rAig^rio,  par  un  andea 

officier  de  ramn'«  d'Afjique.     Paris  :  Bvo,  jip.  IG, 
2BfiO.     1869.    Testot,  L.  — Les  rOformea  en  Algfirie.     From  Le  CorrBspondaat. 

10th  August. 

2861.  1809.    I>e  regime  du  sabre  en  Alg^rie.    Paris :   8to,  pp.  46.    Prom 
Revue  Mililaire  Fronpiiae. — St<e  N"o.  312,2.  ' 

2862.  1869.     Minist^re   de    Commerce,    &c.  —  Enquete   Agricole ;   Algerie. 
Paris :  4to,  pp.  z.  and  471. 

28B8,     1869.     Mil  Ion,  H — Sa  Yie  .  .  .  ses  dtudes  ^onomiques  et  a^ricoles  sur 

I'AlgenB.     Paris:  8vo,  pp.  xsvi,  and  327. 
2854,     1869.     Desor,  Pro£  E.— Le  Sahara.     I.  Les  formes  du  d.5sert.     IS,  I^ra 

Articles  pubHahed  in  the   BibliotbequB   univeraello   et   Itev.   Suisse,  May, 
June,  and  Jul;. 

2856.     Les  effels  du  dtiboiaemont  dans  les  pays  m^JiterranikoB,  xvec  une 

notice  aur  la  regeneration  de  TAlg^rie  par  M.  Tissat,  Ingdniiioi  dea  Mines.     Le 
Globe,  orgaue  de  la  Soc.  de  Geogr.  de  GenSve,  t.  viii.  pp.  207-30. 
2866.    1869.    Faria,  Colonel  E.  P  G.  — Vingt-deuS|[moia  de  colonne  dans  le 
Sahara  alg^rien  et  en  Kabylie.     Paris ;  8vo,  pp.  94. 

This  orij^uOy  opjieared  iu   tLe  Bud.  de  k  Soc.  Botauique  Paris,  t.  xi». 
1867. 
3867.    1869.    Du  Bouzet,  Charlee.  — Lii  pais  an  Sahara.     From  the  R«vue 
Uodeise,  10th  March,  published  scjiaroiely.    8vo,  pp.  17. 

2867a.     La  con«titution  de  I'Algerie.     1,  c,  10th  July. 

2868.    18G9.    D'HaToourt,  Gapitaine  Bernard. — Unc  cobnne  d'expfdition 
daua  le  d*«rt.     Hev.  des  dcus  Mondea,  l=r  mars  1869,  pp.  5-35. 

Tlio  atitlior  was  nephew  of  M.iriSclial  do   MacHabon,  and  accompanied  » 
column  from  El-Aghouat  againat  the  Oulad  Sidi  Cheilih. 
3866.    18G9.    Iietoumeux.^Aperfu  des  monumeuta  pr^i^turique 

BulL  de  la  Soo.  Alger,  de  Chmat.,  pp.  67-73. 
3860.    1869.    Faidberbe,  a6n6raL  ~  Quelques    mots  sur    rethDographie 
Nord  d'Airique  et  sur  les  tombeaui  niijgaiithiqiiea'  de  cetta  contree.     I.  c.^ 
pp.  4-19. 
2861.     1869.     Bui-aet,  I'AbbS.— Histoire  des  diisoBtres  [de  I'Algfirio  1806,  I8CT„-— 
1868.    SauttTcllcs,    trtjmblenitiita    da    terrc,  cholera,    famine.      Alger :    'a.-..    -^ 
pp.  114. 

iis^l'Empire ;  lea' indigenes  cl  la^^ 

Review  on  '  La  vie  arabe  et  la  sooiotb  ujusulmane  par  lo  G&ieral^' 

—1,  c,  December.    See  No.  2936. 
2864.    1869.    ChabaBBi^r«,  J.  —  Croquis    de  I'AIgfrie,  coQl«nH0t  roecitpatioa.  i^ 
roratune,  les  chemius  de  fer,  les  rentes  carrossabUs,  &c.    Alger. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  805 

2865.  1869.  Marsr^erite,  le  G^n^ral  A. — Le8  chasDcs  en  Algdrie  et  notes  sur 
les  Arabes  du  Sud.    Alger :  8yo,  pp.  vii  and  363. 

A  second  edition  was  published  in  Paris  in  the  same  year,  pp.  333. 

2966.  1869.  Maltaan,  Heinr.  !E*rhr.  von. — Sittenbilder  aus  Tunis  und  Algerien. 
Leipzig :  8vo,  pp.  452, 1  plate. 

2967.    Uebor  die  Aussprache  des  Arabischen  in!den  Terschiedenen  Dialecten 

des  Maghrib.    Zeitschr.  der  Deutsch.  Morgen.  Gesellsobaft,  t.  zziii.  pp.  655-75. 
Leipzig. 

2968.  1869.  Kettement,  Alfired  Fraii9oi8.— Un  "^coup  d'oeil  sur  TAlgdrie. 
From  Revue  de  Bretagne  et  de  la  Vend^,  December  1869. 

2869.  1869.  Farine,  Oh.— Deux  pirates  du  xvi*  sidcle.  Histoire  des  Bar- 
berousse.    Paris:  8yo. 

2970.  1869.  De  Fallon,  C.  T.  (Colonel  Trumelet).— Archives  Mitid^nnes. 
Bonfarriok  et  son  march^.    Blidah :  8vo,  pp.  310. 

2971.  1869.  I>enano^y  V. — ^Les  esclaves  affranchis,  ou  retour  d'Afrique.  Biblio- 
theqne  religieuse  de  Fenfance.    Limoges  et  Isles :  12mo,  pp.  120. 

2872.  1869.  Paysant,  Ii. — A.  propos  de  la  creation  dHm  arridrc-port  k  Alger. 
Alger :  8vo,  pp.  18  and  plan. 

2878.  1869.  Biohard,  PAbb^— Sur  la  d^uverte  de  silex  taill^s  en  Alg^rie. 
From  the  Mat6riaux  pour  Tbistoire  primitive  et  naturelle  de  l*homme,  January. 

2874.  1869.  Marin»  A. — ^La  bienfaisanoe  ma9onnique  en  Alg^rie.  From  the 
Monde  Ma9onnique,  January. 

2875.  1869.    CJouturier,  Instituteur. — ^Nouvelle  protestation.  Alger :  8vo,  pp.  8. 

2976.  1869.  Playfair,  Iit.-CoL  K.  Ii.— Greneral  Report  on  Algeria  for  the 
years  1867  and  1868.    Consular  Commercial  Reports,  1869,  p.  19. 

2977.  1869.  Sautayra,  B.,  President  de  tribunal  de  Mostaganem,  subsequently 
Premier  Pr^ident  de  la  cour  d'appel  ^  Alger. — Ebn  Hazzer,  avec  les  explications 
des  docteurs  juifs ;  la  jurisprudence  de  la  cour  d' Alger,  &c.     Paris :  2  vol.^8vo.] 

• 

S878.  1869.  Trottier,  M. — Boisement  dans  le  d^rt  et  colonisation.  From  the 
Bull,  de  la  Soc.  Imp.  dAgriculture  Alger.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  40, 

S979.    '-  Kotes   sur  I'eucalyptus  et  subsidiairement    sur  la    n^cessit^  du 

reboisement  de  TAlg^rie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  35. 

^SSiao.     1869.    CJotty,  ISmest. — Particularity    curieuses  sur  difii^rents  reptiles, 
insectes  et  crustac^a  d'Alg^rie.    Amiens :  8vo,  pp.  72« 


1869.    Jong  van  Bodenburg,  C.  M.  de. — ^Schetsen  en  tooneelen  uit 
clen  Atlas  en  den  Aoer^s.    Amhem :  8vo. 

1869.    Vinet,   J. — ^Le  droit  commun    pour  les   indigenes   en   Alg^rie* 
aris:  8vo. 


1869.    Schneider,    Otto. — Der  klimatische    Curort   Algier.     Schilder- 
"^-^Jigen  nach  dreijahriger  Beobacbtung  in  Stadt  und  Provinz,  zugleich  ein  Rathgeber 
Reise  und  Aufenthalt.    Dresden :  8vo,  pp.  300. 

1869.    Un  C&ble  Franoo-Alg6rien.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  24. 

This  gives  the  history  of  submarine  telegraphy  in  the  Mediterranean. 

1669.    Bonnd,    Philippe. — Le    caroubier   ou    Tarbre   des   Lotophagcs. 
-^ger :  12mo,  pp.  40. 

X  2 


S0j5  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ILGEHIA. 

2B87.     1889.    Villa,  liig*5meur  des  Mines.— Notice  sur  Iw  gllcs  minJrtux  et  1«b 

niat^riaiix  de  cotiBtruclion  de  I'AlgSrie.     Paris  :  8vg,  pp.  70.     From  ihe  Anuales 

den  Mines,  vol.  xvi. 
2968. Nulico    Rur   lo    regime   (Sea    caux   potaLles   de   In   villa 

Alger:  Hvu. 
S891.     18(J9.     Uonnin,  F,— Abd-el-Kadcr,  litlfrattur  et  pliilosophc.    L;i 
S982.    1869.    Verne,  HenrL— Do  Bflne  H  Hammara  Meskoutine — ttude  de  la 

question  alg^rieime.    l.yon  ■  8vti,  pp.  114.     Estracted  from  the  D&enlraliaation. 
sees.    1869.    I.a  France  en  Algfirie.     Paris ;  8vo,  pp.  63.    Extracted  from  Le 

Correspoadant. 

The  autlior  advocates  free  and  complele  eoloaisatiun  by  meRns  of  grants  of 
land  and  a  liberal  government. 

2eM.  1869.  Bovirguignat,  J.  B.— Histoirc  des  monumenis  rn^galitbiquw  de 
Roknia,  prte  d'Hammam-Mcskoutin.  Paris  :  4to,  pp.  118,  with  map,  9  plalcs  and 
flgurea  in  the  text. 

2996.    1869.    Boosmalen,  de.— L'AfgcSrie  telle  qu'elle  sera.    Paris :  8vo. 

3898.    1869.    Fapaut,  L.— A  propiis  de  la  creation  d'un  orriire-iwt  &  Al<;er. 

Seee.  1869.  Compagnie  g^nevoiae  dcs  ci<luuivs  de  S^tif.— liapport  du  Cooscil 
d'admlmBtrolioii.     Genfive  :  4to,  pp.  111.    This  is  the  18th  annual  report. 

3000,     1809.     Se   St.   Prix— A.    B^rard— IT.    Ranc— Noureou    aystdiue   de 

barrage  ou  drainage  des  rivifres.     Alger :  8vo,  pp.  24. 

The  author  proposes  to  uiiiise  ihe  uoderground  stream  which  exlsU  in  c 


3001.     1860.     C<Bur,  Piarre.— CoDtegalgeriens.     Paris :  ISmo,  pp.  337. 

800S.    1869.    Lavigerie,  Charlee  Uaxtial  AllemEuid,  Arcbevaque  d'Alger.— 
Lettre  pastorale  but   lo  niBl^rinli.sme,   pour   le   CarAne  de   18(i9.      Algtr :    iio. 


yi 


8008.    Recueil  des  lettre*  sur  lea  teuvres  et  missiona  africwnea.     Pari*: 

8vo,  pp.  128. 

8004.    1869.    Jaubert,  S. — Lea  incendies  dea  Maures.    Mfmoire  adreasf  k  M.  le 
Directeur  g^D^ral  des  enux  et  forSCs.     Toulon :  8to,  pp.  32. 

S006.    1869.     DelpraJBy.— L'orange  de  Blidai,  par  un  oncicn  colon.     Dlidah: 


),pp.  * 


d44. 


8006.    1869.    Kohlft,  G.— PhilippeviUc,  Bona  und  Tui 
pp.  6-19;  No.  2,  pp.  32-5. 

3007.  1869.    Boordon,  O.— Note  gu) 
d'Oran.     Bull,  de  la  Soc.  de  GiSoi'rapbic 

3008.  18G9.    Ijavigne,  O.- 
3000.    1870.    Fdraud,  CharleB.- 

Arcb.  Const.,  vol.  liv.  p.  1,  with  a 

expedition  iu  1G64.     Published  separattly,  Constantine,  flvo,  pp.  £91. 
3010.    1870.    Payen,  Comtoandetnt, — Notes  arch&logiquea.    1.  c.,  p.  299. 

This  paper  cuntuins  an  aecauot  of  the  tomb  at  Akboii,  tlie  artillery  of 
GueiilB,  the  arms  of  the  Middle  Ages,  &c.,  with  pliilea. 


u9.     Das  Aueland,  No.  1, 

I  giographio  physique  du  U  province 

une,  pp.  415-55. 

e  riathmedeUahes.     Paris:  8ro. 
re  de  Qigclli.     Itec.  Not.  et  Mini.  Soc, 
w  of  tiio  pkeo  during  the  Due  de  Beaufort's 


^ 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  807 

8011."^  1870.  Oppetit. — Simple  hypoth^se  sur  Ics  tombeaux  dits  celtiques.  1.  c, 
p.  309. 

dOia.  1870.  Villot,  Capitaine,  Chef  de  Bureau  Arabe.— Etudes  alg^rienne». 
1.  Mceurs  des  indigdncs.  2.  £tat  politique,  religieux  et  social.  1.  c,  p.  349.  Also 
published  separately,  18mo,  pp.  438. 

3018.  1870.  Clarinval,  CJommandant. — Rapport  sur  les  fouilles  faites  ^  la 
basilique  de  Tebessa,  pendant  Tann^  1870.    1.  c,  p.  605. 

3014.  1870.    Beaussier. — Notice  sommaire  sur  le  Colonel  BeauprStre. 

From  being  a  stone-cutter  Colonel  Beauprdtre  became  a  most  distingnished 
officer,  and  was  massacred  with  all  his  escort  by  the  Oulad  Sidi  Cheikh  in 
1864.    Rev.  Air.,  vol.  xiv.  p.  441. 

3015.  1870.  Berard,  Viotor. — ^Rapport  au  jury  charg^  de  dtomer  le  prix 
d'Arch^logie.    L  c,  p.  520. 

M.  Albert  Bevoulx  was  unanimously  elected. 

8016.  1870.  Bugnot,  J.,  and  De  Vemenil. — ^Esquisse  historique  sur  la 
Mauritanie  Cdsarienne  et  Jol-Caesarea  (Cherchell).    L  c,  pp.  45  et  aeq, 

3017.  1870.  DarmoxL — Origine  et  constitution  de  la  communaut^  Isra^te  ^ 
Tlempen.    1.  c,  p.  376. 

8018.  1870.  Cherbonneau,  A. — Les  ^erivains  de  TAlg^rie  au  moyen-ftge. 
1.  c.  p.  72. 

9019.  1870.  Iiaoroiz,  Fr^dMo. — Afrique  ancienne.  Froc^^s  agricoles. 
1.  c,  pp.  12  et  seq. 

8090.  1870.  Perron,  Dr. — ^Balance  de  la  loi  musulmane  ou  esprit  de  la 
legislation  islamique  et  divergences  de  ses  quatre  rites  jurisprudentiels.  Par 
le  Cheikh  el-Ch&rani.  Translated  from  the  Arabic.  1.  c,  pp.  209  et  seq,^  also 
printed  separately,  Algiers :  8vo,  pp.  216. 

8021.  1870.  Bobin,  N.—Histoire  d'un  Chdrif  de  la  Grande  Kabylie.  l.c.,p.348. 
(Moulay  Mohammed  ben  Aoud.) 

1870.  Watbled,  £. — Cirta-Constantine.  Expeditions  et  prise  de  Con*- 
stantine  (1836-^7),  d'apr^  de  documents  laiss^s  par  MM.  Berbrugger,  MoUidres  et 
Tour  du  Pin.    L  c,  pp.  200  et  seq.    Published  separately,  see  No.  3168. 

1870.  Devonbc,  Albert,  Conservateur  des  Archives  arabes. — Les  Edifices 
religieux  de  I'ancien  Alger.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  265.    From  the  Revue  Africaine. 

1870.  Orleans,  Fr^d.  Duo  d',  eldest  son  of  Louis  Philippe. — Campagnes 
de  Tarm^e  d'Afrique,  1835-39.  Published  by  his  sons.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  xcviii. 
and  165,  with  portrait  and  map. 

This  gives  an  account  of  the  capture  of  Constantino.  Review  on,  by  C.  J. 
Barnard,  in  *  The  Nation,'  New  York,  1871,  vol.  xii.  p.  28. 

.  1870.  Cibot,  Aohille,  Capitaine  au  3*  Chasseurs  d'Afrique. — Souvenirs 
du  Sahara.  Excursion  dans  les  Monts  Aur^.  Constantine :  8vo,  pp.  14,  with 
illustrations. 

I.  1870.  Max,  QuBtave,  Consul  de  Belgique.  —  Rapport  Commercial. 
Bruxelles :  8vo,  pp.  50. 

.  1870.  Barbier,  J.  M. — ^Alger  et  ses  habitants.  £tude  g^n^rale  sur  les 
m(Burs  des  Musulmans.  Marseille:  8vo,  pp.  55.  Published  originally  in  the 
Kevue  de  Marseille. 


308 


I  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALOi^filA. 


1  Byst^me  Je  cjloniaatioD  algt^iinine.     li^^i 


3038.    1870.    BooBU,  V.- 

8yo,  pp.  30. 
30ae.     1870.    JoiUet  Saint-Iiager,  T.  E.  A.— Prance  et  Algfrie;  solution  (l« 

qiielquea  questiiiDB.     Alger :  8vo,  pp.  78. 

3030.  1870.  Kouton,  Colonel,  a  tranaporU  to  Algeria  in  Dec  186L— La 
transportation  en  Afrique,  ivith  a  preface  by  Eug.  T^not-  Paris :  IBmo,  pp.  xi. 
and  274. 

3031.  1870.  Iioyer,  ClL,  Cari  &  Lagbouat. — La  v&iM  eur  lei  fiehangn  da 
prifODnien  fratifais  et  des  priEonnierB  arabes.     Paris :  ISmo,  pp.  43. 

803S.     ISTO.     Capdeville,  P.— L'adminiatraliun  et  lea  tahacB  algdrieits.     Alger: 

8vo,  pp.  32. 
8088.    1870,    liavigerie,  Charles,  ArcbbisLop,  afterwards  Curdinal. — Lc*  or- 

pliellns   arabes   d'.\lger,  luur  piitiaiS,  ieuc  aveiiir,  leur  adoption  en   France  et  en 

Belgique.     Paris  :  8  vo,  pp. -Ji. 
3034.    1870.    JUontAbeUo,  Comte  Ch.  de.— Quelqucs  muts  siir  TAlgirie,  i 

prapoa  de  rcn(|UBte  ilu  Conito  Loiioo.     Paris:  8vo,  pp.  32. 

Tlie  autlior  was  captain  iu  the  Tirailleurs  Algdriens,  and  a  proprietoi 
Gonstaatine. 
30B5.    1870,    Audry,  P^  under  tbe  pseudonym  i>f  Prosper  Viro.—L'Algirie;] 

menade  bialoriqiie  et  topogrnpbiqne.     Lille  :  12mo,  pp.  166, 
3080.    1870.     C6B-Caupeime,    Baron   da.— N<rud    gordien    de    la    queB 

algcrieane.     Ailide  in  Ui^coaoiuinte  Frau9iuH,  uth  Jui 

3087.    Hiceuts  d&rets  sur  TAlgfirio.    1.  c. 

3088.  1870,  Projet  do  Conatitntion  alggrleime,  Par  un  Colon.  Slaraeiile: 
J8mo,  pp.  23. 

3080,    1870.    Cliam  (Vloomte  Am6dda  de  No6). — Dn  regime  parleiuei 
en  Algdrie. 

3040.  1870.     Favro,  JiUeo.— La  lueslion  algSrienne.     Paris:  18mo. 

3041.  1870.  Loffiburo.— Discours  prononc^  au  Ci>rpe  li?gislaiif.  (On  tbe  aSiiifs 
of  Algeria.)   Paris:  8vo,  pp.  38.    Reproduced  from  the  Journal  Officiel, March  9lli, 

3042.  1870.  Lebon,  Iiouia  Xav.  Ii6op.,  Comte. — Inlerpallatioc  sur  lis 
affdres  de  I'Ala^rie,  siknce  dn  7  mais.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  89.  Heijroduced  from  ibe 
Journal  Officiel,  8th  March. 

3043.  1870.  Happort  de  la  comtnission  institute  par  diScisioa  impfrinle,  5  nati 
1869,  pour  ^laborer  lea  quealions  qui  ae  rattachent  &  la  coQStitutioD  et  h  Pot^aniss- 
lion  administrative  et  poliiiquo  de  I'Algirie.  ittnt  dps  comraimea  et  Douars,  par 
ordra  aJphaWtique,  oomptis  dans  !e  territoire  civil  dcs  trois  provinces,  avec  !e 
cbiffre  dela  population,  UsuperGcia  des  terres  appartenant  Al'l^tat,  ilacominune^^ 
etc.,  etc.    Paris :  4to,  map. 

3044.  1870.    HaWvy.  Joaepli.— Lettre  i  M.  d'Abbadie  sur  quelques 
da  Nord  d'Afriquc.    Paris ;  8vo,  pp.  15. 

804S.    1870.    B«boud.~Recuetl  ci'inscriptioDS  libyco-berbires.     PariB:  4lo,  nvce 

26  planches  et  uuo  carte. 
3046.     1870.    Faldherbe,    O^n^ral  L.— Collect  ion  complete  det    inactiptjoiu 

numidiques  (tibyques),  avec  dts  aperfua  ethnographique 

4to  [Lille  primed],  pp.  79,  6  large  plaiea. 


lang^^l 
iption»^^^ 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  809 

^9047.  1B70.  Vaynes  van  Brakel,  H.  J.  Ii.  T.  de. — Zestien  Zeereizen.  Am- 
sterdam :  8vo.    Hoofst.  xi.  en  xxvi.  Tunis,  Algiers  en  Alexandrie. 

'3048.  1870.  Bolaxid  de  BuBsy,  Th. — Petit  dictionnaire  fran9ais-arabe  et  arabe* 
fran^ais.    ISmo. 

3049.  1870.  Alix,  Dr.  Ch.  Em. — Observations  m^cales  en  Alg^rie.  Paris: 
8vo,  pp.  zii.  and  312,  map. 

^3060.  1870.  Cauqoil,  Dr. — Aper9U  sur  les  ressources  th^peutiques  des  eaux 
des  Bain8-de-la-Reine,«prds  Gran.    Oran :  8vo,  pp.  14.  • 

3051.  1870.  Millon,  S. — Sa  vie,  ses  travaux  de  chimie  et  ses  dtudes  ^oono* 
miques  et  agricoles  sur  PAlg^rie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  xxvi.  and  327. 

•306&.  1870.  laaooxnbe,  F.  de. — Une  excursion  aux  mines  do  Mouzata.  Kev. 
Contemp.,  15tb  Jan. 

.3058.  1870.  Dupr6,  Auguste,  Avocat. — Lettre  sur  TAlg^rie,  publi^e  dans  la 
Gironde.     Bordeaux :  16mo,  pp.  117. 

.3054.  1870.  Durand,  Directeur  de  la  Bergerie  Imp^riale  de  Ben  Cbiao. — ^Les 
cbevres  d' Angora  en  Algdrie.  Lettre  adress^e  &  M.  Geofifroy  St.-Hilaire.  Paris : 
8vo,  pp.  9.    From  tbe  Bull,  de  la  Soc.  Imp.  d'Acclim.,  June. 

.3055.  1870.  Iietoumeiix,  Aristide,  Conseiller  k  la  Cour  d'Appel  d' Alger. — 
Excursions  malacologiques  en  Kabylie  et  dans  le  Tell  oriental  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  64, 
1  plate.    From  tbe  Aonales  de  Malaoologie,  August. 

^3056.  1870.  Bourguifipiat,  J.  B. — Histoire  de  Djebel-Tbaya  et  des  ossements 
fossiles  recueillis  dans  la  grande  caverne  de  la  mosqu^e.  Paris:  4to,  pp.  108, 
14  plates  of  bones,  and  5  plans  and  sections  of  tbe  cases. 

.3057.  1870.  AnBted,  Prof.  D.  T.— Tbe  Natives  of  Algeria :  tbe  Kabyle,  tbe 
Arab,  tbe  Moor  and  the  Jew.    lUus.  Trav.,  edited  by  Bates,  part  xx.  pp.  235. 

\.  1870.  Boiujot,  Dr.  A. — Liste  des  Poissons  que  l*on  rencontre  le  plus 
souvent  au  marcb^  d* Alger,  ou  Guide  &  la  PScherie.  *  From  tbe  Bull,  de  la  Soc. 
de  Climatologie  d' Alger.    Alger :  pp.  182. 

1870.    Bivi^re,  A. — Deuxi^e  ^tude  sur  T^ducation  des  autrucbes  en 
Alg^rie.    BulL  Soc.  Imp.  Acclim.,  1870,  p.  666. 

3000.  1870.  Iiiautand,  Dr. — ^Les  diffiSrents  regimes  administratifs  de  TAlg^rie, 
Alger. 

3061.  1870.  Harambure,  V. — Les  possessions  franpaises  du  nord  de  TAfrique. 
From  tbe  Journal  Offidel,  16tb  May. 

3002.  1870.  Behaghel,  A. — L'Alg^rie.'  Gonqu^te  et  colonisation.  Religion  et 
mceurs.    Arm^.    Paris :  12mo,  pp.  375. 

3008.  1870.  Affaire  de  I'Oued-Mahouine  (cercle  de  Tebessa).  Massacre 
d*une  caravane  (27  victimes).  Instruction,  d^bats  et  plaiuomes  de  MM.  Gillotte, 
Olivier,  Lucet  et  Jules  Favre.    Constantine,  Paris :  2  vol.  18mo. 

3004.  1870.  Beoueil  des  vceux  dlnt^rSt  g^ndral  exprim^  par  les  conseils 
g^^raux  des  trois  provinces  de  TAlg^rie  dans  la  session  de  1860.  Paris :  4to, 
pp.96. 

3005.  1870.  Ck>n8eil  Municipal  d' Alger.  Gomit6  de  defense  1870-1.  06rre- 
spondance  tA^grapbique  du  conseil  pendant  les  mois  d*octobre  et  novembre  1870. 


810  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

3098.    1870.    Du  Bouaet,  Ch.— Lea  In.ligines  larailitea  dc  i'Alg^rie.     Paris ; 

rivo,  I'p.  14. 
3067.    1870.    Taupiac— Lea  Indigenes  Jgra^lites.    8to, 
SOea.     1S70.     Pavy,  Mgr.— Sn  vie  et  sea  icuvrea,  on  lanQUVelle  (5ylise de  rAXriqiie, 

par  L,-C.  I'avy,  anc.  vicaire  gdnfiml  d'Alger.     Paris ;  2  vol.  8vo,  portr. 
S069.     1870.     lanard. — Miliccs  algc-rientiea.     EeformeB  ^  npjrarter  dans  leur  oi^- 

nisation.     Alger:  2+nw,  pp.  lU. 
3070.    1870.    Iiettree  alg^rletmea.    Marseille:  8vo,  pp.  IC. 
8071.    1870.    Bdsy. — Iji  viirild  siir  le  regime  militaire  en  Algi^rie.    Alger:  ISino, 

pp.  6i. 
807S.    1S70.    TTn  mot  sur  la  politique  frsn^aige  en  Al^^rie.    Toulon  :  Svo,  ]>j\  IG. 

3073.  1870.  ObservatloiiB  sur  Ic  gouvemsnient  de  I'Alg^rie,  ]iiir  nn  ODcicti 
officier  de  l'armi5o  d'Afrique.     Paris :  8vo,  pji.  16. 

He  urges  the  necessity  of  a  mJlitBry  governor. 

3074.  1870.  Wamier,  Dr.  A.— Cahiera  a1g(^rii-nii.  Session  legislative)  dp  187a 
Paris:  8vo. 

3076.  1870.  Monbnm,  Alfred.— La  Trojipo  de  Staoiieli.  Lille,  Paris:  ISmo, 
pp.  139,  sad  illustrationB. 

3076.  1870.  Vital,  Dr.  A.— Kapju^rt  .  .  .  siir  In  aituHtion  gdnf^rale  du  serrice 
iDcdicnl  dans  la  province  de  Coustniidoe  et  enr  to  typhus  qui  y  a  Tegn£  en  166S. 
Palis:  8vo,  pp.  150,     From  the  Gazette  M6iicale  de  PariB. 

3077.  1870.  Topinard-— Tiapjwrt  sur  la  jiopulation  indigene  do  roasis  do  Biskn. 
Hull.  Soc  Anthrop,  Paris,  t.  v.  pp.  5-18-53, 

A  summary  of  notes  sent  by  Pr,  Seri:!iat. 

3078.  1870.  EnquSte  agrioole.^ Alger,  Oran,  Conatantinc,  Mirisi^re  de 
TAgrioultiire,  du  Commtrce  et  dea  Travaux  publics.    Paris :  4i.o,  ]ip.  471. 

8070.  ISTO.  Ificoise,  'C„  Gikilogue  du  Service  des  Mioes.— Catali^ue  des 
animaux  foeailes  observe  dans  lei  terraiiis  do  tranntion,  secondairca,  lertisirec  «t 
quaternuires  de  la  province  d'Alger.  Alger :  8vo,  pp.  13G.  From  the  Bull,  da  la 
Soc.  de  Climat. 

3080.  1870.  Bezombes,  IiouIb,  £ubstitut  du  Frocureur  Imperial. — £tude  nir 
rorgauisaiion  de  la  justice  fran^aiRC  en  Alg^ric,  depuia  la  c^nquEto  jusqu'i  not 
jours.     Pliilip£ieville  ;  8vo,  pp.  104. 

3081.  1871.  Bobe,  Eugene,  ATCcal.— De  I'impOt  en  Alg^rie,  Alger :  8vo, 
pp.  74.  This  is  divided  into  tno  parts.  1.  Sous  les  Turcs ;  and  2.  Apru  la  con- 
quSte ;  de  1830-1870, 

8082.  1871.  Fomel,  A.,  Sfn.'Llcur.— Des  races  indigenes  de  I'Alg^rio  (Arab«s, 
Kabyles,  Maura|,et_Juifs)  ct  du  itle  que  ri5servent  leurs  aptitudes.  Omn :  8vci, 
pp.75. 

The  atithor  says  that  if  ever  the  Utopia  of  assimlktion  between  Etiropoans 
and  natives^  realised  it  nill  be  by  means  of  the  Habyles. 

8083.  1871.     Seror,     Zi^on,    Ex-A.D.C.    to    General    Crsmer.— Letiro    4    la 

jeuneiM  laraelite^dcrrAljirie.     Grenoble :  12mo,  pp.  16. 
3084.    1871.    Fdraud,  L.'Charlea.— Monuments  oils  ecltiqueii  dans  h  province 
do  Conatantinc.    8vo. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  311 

9066.  1871.  F^raud,  Ij.  Charles. — Histoire  des  villes  de  la  province  de  Con- 
stantine.  S^tif,  Bordjbou-Areridj,  Mcsila  et  Bou  Saada.  Itec.  Not.  et  M6m.  See. 
Arch,  de  Const.,  vol.  xv.  pp.  1-380.    Published  separately,  1872,  pp.  379. 

3086.    Notice  sur  la  statue  de  Bacctius  de  Constantinc.     1.  c,  p.  407, 

plate. 

3067.    Des  silex  en  Algdrie.    L  c,  p.  410. 

3068.  1871.    Foulle,  A. — Inscriptions  de  la  province  de  Constantine.    L  c,  p.  415. 

3069.  1871.  Kaltbrunner,  D. — Recherches  siu-  Torigine  des  Kabyles.  Greneve ; 
8to,  pp.  47.    From  Le  Globe,  Journal  de  Groographie. 

The  writer  ascribes  to  them  an  Asiatic  origin. 

3090.    Relation  de  la  part  prise  par  la  marine  aux  defenses  de  Dellys  et 

de  Djidjelli.    Revue  Mar.  et  Colon.,  t.  xxxi.  pp.  350  et  seq. 

3091.  1871.  Zuroher  and  Margolin. — Mademoiselle  Tinnc.  Tour  dc  Monde, 
No.  566,  pp.  289-303. 

Mademoiselle  Tinn^  remained  a  winter  in  Algeria  before  starting  on  the 
journey  during  which  she  and  her  party  were  massacred  by  the  Touaregs. 

3092.  1871.  L'Alg6rie  devant  rAssemblte  NationaL  Causes  des  insurrec- 
tions alg^riennes,  par  un  ancien  officier  de  Tarmde  d'Afrique.  Versailles:  8vo, 
pp.22. 

3093.  1871.  Aur^ly,  A. — Mdmoire  k  TAsscmbl^  Nationale  pour  la  colonisation 
de  I'Alg^rie  et  Tam^lioration  du  regime  i)^nitentiaire.  Villeneuve-sur-Lot :  8vo, 
pp.  24. 

3094.  1871.  Felletder,  H. — Physiologic  de  la  tribu  apr^  40  ans  d'occupation. 
Suivie  d'un  projet  d'organisation.    BOue  :  18mo. 

3096.  1871.  Crexnieux,  Ad. — R(>futation  do  Texpos^  des  motifs,  alinda  par 
alinda.    Paris  :  4 to,  pp.  27. 

Ho  argues  strongly  in  favour  of  the  collective  naturalisation  of  Jews. 

3096.  1871.  De  Fourtou,  Rapporteur.— Rapport  fait  au  nom  de  la  commission 
charg^e  d'examiner  la  proposition  de  loi  ponaut  abrogation  du  ddcret  du  24  octobro 
1870,  qui  a  ddclar^  citoycus  fran9nis  les  Israelites  indigenes  de  TAlg^ne.  Paris : 
4to,  pp.  25. 

An  interesting  study  on  the  Jews  of  Algeria,  concluding  against  their 
collective  naturalisation. 

3097.  1871.    A  King  fbr  an  hour.    Chambers^s  Journal,  2nd  Dec. 

This  is  an  account  written  from  recollection  of  an  article  in  the  Gazetteer  of 
1754  of  the  massacre  of  a  Bey  by  the  soldiery  and  the  assassination  of  the 
assassins  on  the  11th  December  in  that  year. 

3096.  1871.  Vereker,  The  Hon.  Ck>lonel  C.  8. — Scenes  in  the  Sumiy  South, 
including  the  Atlas  Mountains  and  the  oases  of  the  Sahara  in  Algeria.  London : 
2  vol.  8vo,  pp.  620. 

3099.  1871.  Oget,  Jules,  Capitaine  d'£tat-major. — Une  exp^ition  alg^rienne. 
ifipisode  de  I'insurrection  de  1864.    Bastia :  8vo,  pp.  xii.  and  228. 

3100.  1871.  Gaso,  Georges. — Souvenirs  de  Eabylie.  Si^ge  de  Bordj  el-Meliah. 
Marseille :  8to,  pp.  12. 

3101.  1871.  Benselgnements  recueillis  par  le  conseil  municipal  de  Guelma  sur 
les  troubles  dc  Soukahras,  Janvier  1871.    Guelma :  8vo. 


312  A  r-IBUOGRAPHr  OF  ALGERIA, 

3102.    18T1,    Se  la  reorganisation  des  Ibrces  militaireB  de  la  Franea^ 

d'ftprii  rexiJ^riecce  acqiiise  peudant  la  campjiSiie  de  1S70-1.     Couatantine,  Paris: 
8vo. 
3108.    1371.    TiUe,  Ii. — 1tap]>ort  (Vensemlile  £ur  les  travaus  de  k  coniinigEioD  Af 
colonisation  et  d'imnii?™tioii  de  la  Provinoe  d'Alser.     Alger:  8vo,  pp.  49,  witli 

Thia  commisBioii  was  iiptned  by  ihe  Socif^te  d'Agriculture  d'Alger.    An 
official  character  was  aubsequeniJy  pven  to  it  by  the  CommiMaire  Extraordi- 

3104.    1871.    LebUnc  d«  PrSboia,  Frangoia.— Le  bilan  dn  ri!gime  civil  da 

I'AlgSrie  &  la  fin  de  1871.     Pftria :  8vo,  pp.  16. 
810B,     1871.     BoDnafont,  Dr. — De  raccliniBtation  dea  Europdeiia.et  do  I'eiiBtance 

d'lmo  pOiHilation  civile  romnine  en  Ala^rie  dfraoDtri5e  par  I'luatoire,  euiTi  d'une 

notice  hisUiriqin;  sin  les  beys  qui  ont  rtgnd  i  Constalitino  depuis  1710  jusqn'en 

1837.     I'aria:  8vo,  pp.  4G.     from  L'LJnion  Mddicale. 

3108.  1871.  Boblou  de  la  Trehonnaia,  F.,  Agronome.— L'AJgerie  en  1871, 
Paris:  6vo,  pp.  ii. 

3107.    1871 .    TTn  mot  bvx  fadminiBtra-tion  dea  Indigenes  en  Algdrie,  pir 

un  colon  dcB  territoires  niililaires.     Coualantine,  Paris :  8vo. 
SlOa.     1871.     Warmer,    Dr.    A.  —  L'AIgtrie   cl    les    victicics   de   la    pietit. 

Alger :  8to,  pp.  12G. 

Proposing  to  oSer  tbem  an  asylum  in  Algeria. 

3109.  18T1.  Simon,  Fr&Urto.—  Alg<!ric.  Les  Spahis  et  lea  Smnba.  Constan- 
line  :  870,  pp.  16. 

3110.  1871.  Su  Bouzet,  Charles.  —  Lea  Indig^es  lamflitee  de  rAlg^rie. 
P^-titlon  L  I'Aesemblfe  Nauonale  oontro  lo  d,6cret  du  24  oct.  1866.  Paris  :  Sro, 
pp.  14. 

This  gaTc  rise  to  a  reply  by  Taupiac,  'Lea  IndigSoes  Isrofilites.    RfipooM  ji 
M.  Dii  Bouitt.' 

3111.  1871.  Meroier,  Emeat,  Interpr^ie  judJciaire.  —  Des  abus  du  r6pMD» 
judiciwre  des  iadigdnts  da  rAIg^ria  et  les  princijiales  modifications  a  y  apporter. 
Conbtantine :  8vo,  pp.  Gl, 

8112.    £tudes  silt  la  confririo  des  Khouans  de  Sidi  Abd-eUKader-eUDjilaai, 

il.  propos  d'lin  catechiiimu. 

3113.    B^vulies  ct  d^vastatioDi  en  Afrique   dea    deux  Ibn-A'ania  *-b. 

1184-1232.    Fragment  historique.   Reo.  Not.  et  Mdm.  80C  Arch.  Const.,  toL  xt. 
p.  181. 

3114.    Ethnograpbie  de  I'Afriquo  sepl^ntrionale.     Notes  anr  I'origine  des 

pcuiJes  berbires.    liev.  Afr.,  vol.  xv.  pp.  420-33. 

3116.     Chute   do   la  djnaatie   dea   gouvernenrs   Ar'Icbites  en   Arriqne  et 

(Stablissement  do  ['Empire  Obeidite  a.h.  886-912,     Itev.  Afr.,  vol.  sv.  p.  112. 
3116,    1871.    Dupr6,  Aug.,  Avocat. — Lett  res  sur  I'Aigfirie.    Bordeaux:  12mo, 

pp.  s.  and  119.     (JriginoUy  published  In  the  Gironde. 
S117.    1871.    Prfigier,  Ca,almir,   Avocat.  —  Cheviaicbj    ou  du  comtnercc  en 

Alg^rie.      E^quisae  biugraphique,  commercials  ct  juridique.     Constaatine:   Svo, 

pp.  iv.  and  82. 

8118.    Les  Juife  fllg^tiena.    8vo. 

sue,     1871.     Seiuall^,  Bsn^  de. — Projet  d'urgauisaliou  do  rAlgOrie. 

8vo,  pp.  13. 


J 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHir  OF  ALGERIA.  313 

^SO. '  1871.  OoiiFort,  Ii. — ^£tudb  sar  la  propri^^  individuelle  on  Alg^rie.  Paris : 
8vo. 

3121.  1871.  Unohef  de  Bureau  Arabe. — L'Alg^rie  asrimilde.  £tude  snr  la 
constitution  et  la  r^rganisation  de  TAlg^rie.  Gonstantine  [printed],  Paris :  8yo, 
pp.  viL  and  116. 

3122.  1871.  ^Iiavigne,  Albert.  —  Question  alg^rienne;  le  Rc^me  du  Sabre. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  46. 

8128.  1871.  Senhaux,  Henri  de,  Jurist.— La  France  et  YAlgCrie.  Paris :  8vo, 
pp.  193.    A  second  edition  in  1872,  pp.  195. 

8124.  1871.  Fawtier,  P. — ^L'autonomie  algdrienne  et  la  Republique  F^ildrale. 
Constantine :  8vo,  pp.  23. 

8125.  1871.  Ducrot,  O^n^ral  A.— La  \6nt6  sur  I'Alg^rie.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  77. 
Dedicated  to  the  Due  d'Aumale. 

This  gave  rise  to  a  reply  by  B.  Duoos,  *  L'Alg^rie ;   quelques  mots  de 
r^ponse  k  la  brochure,  "  La  v^rit^  sur  TAUC'rie." '    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  39. 

8128.    1871.    Caxubon,  Ferd. — ^Aux  Algdriens.    Systdme  de  colonisation.    Con* 

stantine :  8vo,  pp.  xi.  and  41. 

• 

8127.  1871.  Oiraud. — Le  noeud  gordien  de  TAlg^rie.  Quelques  moyens 
pratiques,  par  un  ancien  fonctionoaire.    Constantine :  8vo,  pp.  64. 

8128.  1871.  Mefftray,  le  Ck>lo]iel  Comte  de.~M^moire  sur  TAlg^rie.  Paris : 
8vo,  pp.  16. 

8129.  1871.  Iia  paoifioatdon  de  TAlg^rie;  par  un  officier  supdrieur  de  la 
Milice.    Constantine :  8vo^  pp.  19. 

8180.  1871.  Quinemart,  Jules,  propri^taire-colon. — Du  peuplement  et  de  la 
yraie  colonisation  de  TAlg^e.    Constantine :  8vo,  pp.  31. 

3181.  1871.    La  France  et  PAlg^rie.— Article  in  L'ltalia,  17th  May. 

3182.  1871.  Bertherand,  Dr.  £.  Ij.— Gazette  MWcale  de  I'Alg^rie.  Com- 
menced in  this  year.     Published  monthly. 

3184.  1871.  St.  Lager,  Julien. — Franco  et  Alg^rie.  Solutions  de  quelques- 
unes  des  questioos  k  Tordre  de  jour.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  78. 

8X36.  1871.  BeauBBier,  Marcellin,  Interpr^te. — Dictionnaire  pratique  arabe- 
f  raD9ai8,  contenant  tous  les  mots  employes  dans  I'arabe  parl^  en  Alg^e  et  en 
'-l^lQisie  ainsi  que  dans  le  style  ^pistolaire,  les  pi^s  usuelles  et  les  actes  judiciaires. 
-Alger :  4to,  pp.  764.  A  second  edition  1873,  Alger,  pp.  xvi.  and  776,  double  columns. 

1871.  Bivi^re,  A.,  Jardinier  en  chef  du  Luxembourg. — Une  visitc  &  la 
/V'fiiae  Barrot  k  Planchamps  prds  Philippeville.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  30.  From  the 
^^^  Soc.  d'Acclim.,  January  and  February. 

1871.    Berbrugger. — La  R^gence  d' Alger  sous  le  Consulat  et  I'Empire. 
^^V.  Afr.,  voL  XV.  pp.  241  et  seq. 

Found  among  the  papers  of  the  author  after  his  death. 

J*^*     187L    Devoulx,  Albert. — ^La  premiere  r^volte  des  janissaires  d'Alger. 
^^-  ci.,  p.  1. 

^»     Le  registre  des  prises  mari times.    L  c,  pp.  70  et  seq. 

An  interesting  document  discovered  by  the  author,  containing  an  accoimt  of 
^11  ihe  prizes  captured  by  the  Algerines  from  1765  till  the  French  conquest. 
Published  separately  in  1872.    Alger :  8vo. 


814  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGEHIA. 

3142.    1871.    Devoulx,  Albert —Aasftssinat  liu  Paclm  Mohnmtued  Tekelerli. 


1.C 


p.  81. 


-  Le  Capitaine  Pripand.     1.  c,  p.  IGl. 

-  Qucrelle  entre  consul  ct  ndgociant.     1.  c,  p.  201. 

-  Quelqiies  tempStea  h  Al^er,     L  c,  p.  341. 

-  M.  Gernittiii,  Chancelier  de  Fnince  i  Alger.     1.  C-,  p.  US. 
1871.    HftBe.— Siir  I'tioblissement  romain  en  Afrique.    Note  redigfe  en 

entre   Charles-Quint  et 


814S. 
3144. 
3146. 
3146. 
3147. 

1842.    1.  c,  p.  300. 
3148.    1871.    Uonnerau  et  Watbled.— 

Kheir-cd-din  (1538-1540).    1.  c,  p.  138. 
3140.    1871.    Uonneraii,  Dr. — Les  ioBcriptions  d'Omn  ct  dv   Mers.«l-Eebir, 

pnr  M.  le  Geuiral  de  Sniidoval,  tmduit  de  r»piigno!.    i.  c,  pp.  173  tt  $eq. — See 

No.  2810. 
3160.    1871.    Duchalais,  A.— Moonaies  antiques  fnipt>ees  dana  la  Numidic  et 

dana  la  Maurit.inie.  Paris:  pp.  64  and  plate. 
3151.  1871.  lies  captifb  d' Alger.  TouIod. 
8182.    1871.    The  Old  8heka.rrr,    The  hunting  groncds  of  the  old  world. 

London :  8vo. 

3163.  1671.  Boittier,  TheBsaluB.— El-Ttbib-Itoum;  hlstoito  d'un  EVanfWifaii 
priaonoier  par  lea  AraWa.     Jleaux :  18mo,  pp.  33, 

3164.  1B7L  Fliaraoii,  Ploriau,  and  H.  Em,  Chevalier, — Recits  alg£rieiu: 
le  R^ui^gatj  L'arl)re  des  Irois  pendus;  Lii  Ijillc  du  Oilonel  Clos;  Uu  jugemenl  do 
Eara-Eack;  Uu  pii-d  dana  I'eau ;  Le  soc  et  I'^p^.    Paris;  12mo. 

3166.     UespiuD  uoir.     Paris:  8vo. 

3160.     Nos  boldats  en  Afrique ;  Turcos  ct  Goutniera.     Paris :  Idmo. 

S167.    1871.    Qodard,  Iifeii,  Cur^  d'El-Aghouat. — Solr^tiS  algfirienncs;  oomin, 

csclavca  et  mnrtyra  de  I)arl>arie.     Toura:  8to,  pp.  230. 
S158.    1S71.    Bldault,  Capitaine  Ii,  7.,  Chef  de  Bureau  Arabc.— La  vfritij  inc 

i'AIg^rie.    Bougie :  12mo,  pp.  112- 
SIBO.     1871.     Fein  Th.,  Colonel  d'iofanteriu  en  retraite. — Lettree  familiSr«s  sur 

I'Algfirie.     Un  petit  royaume  arabe.     Cliilona-aur-Marne :  12nio,  pp.  483. 
8100.     1871.     Paris,  le  ColonoL — Additions  i  la  flore  algiirienne  et  ohservatioos 

sur  quelquea  pliiulesi  de  cctte  flore.     Puria :  8vo,  pp.  14,    From  the  Bulletin  de  k 

Soc.  Botanique  de  France. 
3181.    1871,    Iietotuneux,   A,,    and   Ident-Col.    R.    L.    Playfair.  —  L«b 

polssoDs  des  enux  douces  et  naumStreEde  I'Al^erie.    Estrait  du  Bull,  de  USoc.  de 

Cliniat.  Alger.     8vo,  pp.  45, 

This   article  was  republishfd    in  French  in  the   Globe,  Geneva ;  and  in 
English  in  the  Ann.  and  Mag.  of  Nat.  History,  Louden,  having  been  read  at. 
tlie  Biit.  AsMV.  in  this  year. 
8102.    1871-    Naphegyl,  Dr.  G.— Ghardata,  or  ninety  days  among  the  ffnl 

Mftzab.    Adventures  in  tiie  oasea  of  the  desert  of  Sahara.    New  York:  12mo, 

;)[i.  348. 
3168.    1871.    Playfbir.  LieuL-CoLB.  L.— Reportouthe  Tradoaad  Agriculture 

of  Algeria  fur  the  year  1808-9.    Goneular  Commerdal  Ileporta,  1869-70,  p.  288. 
3164.     Reimrt  on  the  Industrial  Classes  in  Algeria.     Further  Iteporte  of 

H.M.  Dip.  ,ind  Cons.  Agents  abroad,  1871,  p.  IGG. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  315 

dl86.    1871.    Max,  G.,  Consul  dc  Belgique. — Rapports  consulaircj?'.     Bruxolles. 
Recueil  consulaire. 

SIM.  1871.  CfOmpagnie  g^nevoise  des  Colonies  dc  Setif. — Yingtidmo  rapport 
du  conseil  d'administration.     GoD^ve :  4to,  pp.  72. 

8167.    1871.    BoBBU,  Victor.— See  No.  3449. 

dl68.  1871. '  Watbled,  XL — Cirta-Constantine.  Expedition  et  priso  de  Con- 
stantine  1836-7.  Published  by  the  Soci^t^  Historique  Alg^riennc.  Alger  :  8vo, 
pp.  149,  with  two  maps. 

^108.  1871.  Bapport  d'enaemble  sur  les  travaux  de  la  Commission  dc  Coloni- 
sation et  de  rimmigration. 

dl70.    1871.    Iia  oolonisation  de  la  Kabylie.     Alger:  8vo. 

8171.  1871.  Hardy,  A. — ^Memoire  sur  la  production  comparative  dc  184  varidt^s 
de  vignes.     Alger :  8vo,  pp.  30. 

8172.  1871.    lie  Jardin  d'EssaL    Nature,  vol.  iv.  p.  447. 

8178.     1871.    Blanc,  FauL — Manuel  Alg^rien.    Alger :  24mo,  pp.  96. 

817^  1871.  Tissot. — ^Reconnaissances  g^ologiques,  meteorologiques  et  arcbdo- 
logiques  dans  la  province  de  Constantine.  Arch,  des  Sc.  Phys.  et  Natur.  Gendve 
et  Bdle,  15  mai. 

8175.  1871.  TriBtram,  Bev.  H.  B. — A  Naturalist's  Ride  in  the  Atlas  Moun- 
tains.   Ulus.  Travels,  ed.  Bates,  vol.  iii.  part  xxvi.  p.  48. 

8176.  1871.  Villot,  Capit.,  Chef  de  Bur.  Arabe,  Constantine. — Mceurs,  coutumes 
el;  institutions  des  indigenes  de  TAlg^rie.    Constantine :  12mo,  pp.  438. 

A  most  original  and  excellent  work,  above  all  strictly  accurate. 

8177.  1871.  Beboud,  Dr. — Recueil  d'inscriptions  libyco-berb^res.  Paris :  1870, 
4to,  3  series.  1*  s^r.  49  pp.  de  texte  et  26  planches.  2«  s^r.  12  planches  auto- 
graphites.    3*  s^r.  (Perpignan,  1871)  5  planches  autogra phizes. 

Dr.  Reboud  has  rendered  eminent  service  by  his  valuable  work,  at  once 
learned,  modest  and  judicious. 

8178.  1871.  Faidherbe,  G^n^raL — Collection  complete  des  inscriptions  numi- 
diques  (libyques),  avec  des  aper9us  cthnographiques  sur  les  Numides.  Lille: 
4to,  pp.  79,  6  plates. 

8179.  1871.  Judas,  Dr.  A.  C. — Examen  des  memoires  de  M.  Ic  Dr.  Reboud  ct 
de  M.  le  G^n^I  Faidherbe,  sur  les  inscriptions  libyques.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  111. 

Dedicated  to  the  memory  of  Walter  Gudney. 

8180.  1871.  Faidherbe,  Gt^n^raL — Inscriptions  numidiqucs.  Rdponse  ^  Dr. 
Judas.    M^m.  Soc.  G^ogr.  Paris,  3«  s^r.  vol.  ix. 

8181.     Les  Dolmens  d'Afrique.     Paris. 

8182.    Stir  les  tombeaux  m^galithiques  et  sur  les  blonds  de  la  Li  bye. 

Bull.  Soc.  d'Anthrop.  de  Paris,  2«  sdr.,  t.  iv.  pp.  532-42. 

8188.  1871.  La  colonisation  de  la  Kabylie  par  rimmigration.  Avec  itiueraires, 
cartes  et  plans.  Guvrage  public  par  le  Cornice  agricole  d* Alger,  i\  Tusage  des 
immigrants  et  des  colons.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  194. 

8184.  1871.  Wolff,  Gtto^raL — Les  Bureaux  arabcs  dcvant  le  jury.  Compte 
rendu  in  exknso  des  d^bats  du  proces  intent6  par  le  General  Wolff,  agissant  au 
nom  des  Bureaux  arabes,  contre  I'Akhbar,  rAlgdnc  fran^aise,  lo  Monitcur  de 
PAlgdrie  et  le  Tell.    Alg^r :  8vo,  pp.  xv.  and  127. 


Slfi  A  BlliLIOGRAPHY  OK  .U.GE1UA. 

S186.     1872.     Faure,  Ic— Orifnua  Aea  penples  du  Nord  de  i'ATrique  et  pwtiea- 
liSrement  Jes  Bcrljers.     Bull,  de  la  Soc.  de  Cliiuat.  Alg^rienne. 

8186.    16T2.    Huiotaaa  et  I>etotimeux.^La  Enhylie  et  les  coutumes  kab;!^. 
Paris:  3  vol,  largo  8to,  pp.  516,  550  and  464. 

An  eshauBtive  work  on  Kabylift  by  Goueral  Ilanoteau  and  M-  Letoumctii. 
Conssiller  i  la  Cour  d'Appe!. 

3187.  1872.    Berthet,    filie.— Le  culoa  de  I'Algfirie.     4Ui,  pp.  132,  dodblc 
column.     Publislieil  by  the  Si^le. 

3188.  1872,     OveroQd,  Mtb.  CampbelL— Perilous  Adventures  of  a  French 
Soldier  in  Algeria.    Translated  by  ...  .    London :  IBmo. 

3189.  1872.    Brfohy,  A.— L'Atrique  au  IV'  aitele.     Limoges :  8vo. 

3180.    1872,    Cadoz,    F.,    HuiBsior    1    Maroara.— Droit  Miissulman  MalAito. 

Exanien  critique  de  la  traduction  offioielle  qu'a  foile  M.  Perron  du  Livre  du 

Kbalil.    Paris:  6vo,  pp.  206. 
31SI.     Civilite'  musulmane  ou  inc«urs  ct  coutumes  des  Arabes.     Anbie 

test  of  the  '  iHmam  Es-soyouli,'  with  French  translation.     18uio> 
3102.    1872.    Foidbetbe,  G^^nil. — Nouvelles  inscriptions  numidiques  dfl  Sidi- 

Arrath.     Lille  :  8v-o. 
3198,    1872.    Fer^uBBoa,  Jtunea,  S.C.L,,  Ice — Bude  Stone  Uoimmoits  w^ 

Countries ;  their  a^e  and  UHca.     London :  8va,  pp.  659,  nlth  234  illustratioti 
This  givta  accounts  of  al!  the  known  megalithio  reinaina  in  Algeri*. 
8194.    1872.    Berlin.— Le  juri  en  Algeria.    Bflne :  8to,  pp.  IC. 
3195.    1872.    Faulmier. — DictionQairo  fran^is-araba  (idiome  parlS  en  Alg^rte). 

Paris;  3rd  edition,  12mo,  double  column,  pp.  sii.  and  t)12. — See  No.  1476. 
8196.    1872.    Playfair,  Lleut-CSoI,  H.  L.— Report  on  the  Condition  and  Trid- 

of  Algeria  durlnj;  the  years  1861),  1870,  and  1871.    Consular  Cammercial  Bepoils, 

1672,  p.  41, 

3197.  1872,    Max,  Qua. — iJapports  commerciaus,  BruxellGs.  Itetnieil  consulairc. 

3198.  1872,    SiBtributlon  d'ea.u  de  la  ville  d' Alger.     Alger. 

3199.  1872,    OompaKnle    g^nevoisa    des  colonies  de  Scilf.  —  Vingt-tmiimi- 
mpport  du  coiiaeil  d'lui niiu is  1  ration.     Geueve :  4lo,  pp.  87, 

SaOO.     1872,     Ross,  E.  v.— Erinnerongen   an   den  Tell   nud   die   Sahara.     Das 
Ausland,  Nr.  30,  S.  701-5 ;  Nr.  32,  S.  749-54 ;  Nr.  34,  8.  803-8. 

3201.  1872.    Maurin,  Dr.  AmM^.— Typhus  des  Arabea  (^pid^mie  de  1868). 
Ouvrage  courouui  par  I'lnstitut,    Paris:  4to,  pp,  309.  ■ 

3202.  1872,    Cuignet,  J3r. — Ophtbalmie  en  Algeria.    Paris :  Svo,  map.     Lille : 
8»o,  1873. 

3203.  1872.    Algeiien  mit  Bczug  auf  die  europiliEche  Einwandening.    Aua  alien 
Welttbeilen,  Januar,  pp.  107-11. 

3B04.     1872.     BartUng,  HL— Atis  Algc^rien.     Studien  und  Skizien.   Unsere  Ztil, 

hrsg.  von  R.  Gottachall,  Jalirg.  1872,  14  Heft. 
3205.    1872.    Braim,  M. — Ueber  elnige  Erzlagersl&tten  der  Provinz  Conatantinc. 

Ztschr,  der  Deutaohen  Qeolog.  Gcsellsch.,  Bd.  xiiv.  Heft  1,  pp.  30-41. 
8906.    1872.    Bolletiit  de  U  So<si6t6  d'AgrioultvLre.    Comioenced  in  1672  at 

Algiers,  and  published  quarterly, 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  31T 

8207.  1872.  l^arroy  Albert. — Manuel  du  cultivateur  alg^rien.  Ouvrage  fnit 
d'apr^  le  programme  de  la  Soci^t^  d' Agriculture  d' Alger  et  en  ayant  un  prix. 
Alger :  8vo,  pp.  216. 

1872.    TrotUer,  M.— Arbres  de  TAustralio.    Alger :  18mo,  pp.  18. 

1872.    Paris,  Colonel. — Notice  sur  la  v^tation  des  environs  do  Con- 
stantine.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  19.    From  BulL  Soc.  Bot.  de  France,  t.  xviii. 

8210.  1872.  Ayen,  le  Duo  d'. — Mdmoire  sur  le  caroubier,  ses  produits,  et  son 
utilitc  en  Alg^rie.  Paris:  8vo,  pp.  40.  Published  in  the  Mtooires  de  la  Soc. 
Centrale  d' Agriculture  de  France. 

3211.  1872.  Haddey,  J.  M.— Le  Livre  d'Or  des  Israelites  Alg^riens.  Recueil  de 
renseignements  in6dits  et  authentiques  sur  les  principaux  n^gociants  juifs  d' Alger 
pendant  la  pdriode  turque.    Alger :  18mo,  pp.  96. 

8812.  1872.  Duveyrier,  HenrL — Historique  des  explorations  an  snd  et  au  sad- 
ouest  de  (l^ryville.    Bull.  Soc.  G^ogr.  Paris,  Sept.,  p.  225. 

3218.  1872.  Beauvois,  Capitaine  E. — En  colonne  dans  la  Qrande  Eabylie. 
Souvenirs  de  I'lnsurrection  de  1871,  avec  une  relation  du  si^e  de  Fort-nationale. 
Paris :  18mo,  pp.  398. 

3214.  1872.  DuhouBset,  Commandant  XL — ^Les  populations  alg^riennes;  les 
Eabyles  du  Djurdjura.  Articles  in  the  Revue  desCours  Scientifiques,  11th  April, 
1868,  and  in  the  M^moires  de  la  Soci^t^  d'Ethnographie,  1872,  with  2  plates,  and 
numerous  measurements  of  skulls. 

3215.  1872.  Wimpffen,  G^n^ral  de.— L'exp^tion  de  I'Oued  Guir.  Bull.  Soc. 
G6ogr.  Paris,  January,  pp.  34-52,  with  map. 

This  also  appeared  in  German  in  Petermann,  1872,  p.  332. 

3216.  1872.  Kessler,  Capit.  d'liltat-major.— Lettre  ^  M.  le  President  dc  la 
Sod^t^.    On  the  same  subject,  1.  c,  April,  pp.  444-6. 

This  expedition  took  place  in  March  and  April  1870,  and  penetrated  as  far 
as  Figuig  in  pursuit  of  fugitive  insurgents  from  the  province  of  Oran. 

3217.  1872.  Iia  colonisation  de  la  Eabylie  par  Timmigration,  avec  itindraires, 
cartes  et  plans.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  195. 

Published  by  the  Comice  Agricole  d' Alger,  for  the  use  of  colonists  and 
inmiigrants. 

3218.  1872.  Iiady  Herbert  of  Iiea. — ^A  Search  after  Sunshine.  London :  8vo, 
pp.  266, 16  illustrations. 

Lady  Herbert  visited  this  country  just  before  the  insurrection  of  1871,  and 
was  n<^rly  detained  at  Biskra.  A  French  edition  was  published  at  Paris  under 
the  title  '  L'Alg^rie  contemporaine,'  with  maps  and  illustrations. 

8219.  1872.  Qiiiohard,  Ch.  Am  and.  Garde  principale  du  G^nie. — Excursion 
dans  les  environs  de  Dyr  en  Alg^rie.    Lettre  k  mon  pdre.    Ch&lon :  16mo,  pp.  101. 

8220.  1872.  Bourdon,  G.,  Chef  de  bataillon. — ifitude  g^graphique  sur  Ic 
Dahra.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  148. — See  also  Bull,  de  la  Soc.  G^.  Paris,  January 
1873. 

8221.  1872.    Desprez,  Ch. — ^Voyage  ^  Oran.    Alger:  12mo,  pp.  439. 

8222.  1872.  "La,  question  alg^rienne  en  1872. — ^Discussion  entre  M.  Lucet, 
D^put4  de  TAlg^rie,  et  M.  de  Gueydon,  Gouvemeur  g^n^ral,  en  presence  de  M. 
Thiers,  le  24  oct.  1872.    Constantine :  8vo,  pp.  23. 

1872.   Ferrier,  Capitaine— Faye. — Description  g^ometrique  de  TAlg^rio. 
Precis  des  operations  geodesiques  qui  servent  de  fondemeut  li  la  nouvcUe  carte  de 


318  A  BlBUOGRAi'HY  OF  ALGERIA. 

I'Alg^rie.     Depot  ^i^tK^ial  de  la  Guerre.     MfmorkI,  t.  s.  4U);   1st  part,  pp-  viii. 
.iDd  137,  i  plat«Bi  3nd  part,  1874,  p|i.  410  and  map. 

Before  publication  the  HS.  of  this  imporlant  work  was  submitted  to  the 

Academie  iles  Sciencea,  whose  president,  Faye,  published  a  report  oa  it,  *  Sar  la 

triangiilRtioD  du  premier  ordni  qui,  Kert  de  fuudemeDt,  &o,'     Comptea  Rend.  Aea 

B&uces  de  I'Acad.  des  Sc.,  11th  November,  pp.  142-6.  Adh.  Q6)gr„  t.  Ji.  p.  63. 

3SS4.    18T2.     FomeL — DoBcription  et  carte  gdologiquc  du  massif  dc  Milianah. 

Paris:  8to. 

SS26.    Fnl^onlologie,  ou  descripiioQ  des  animaox  fosHiles  da  la  pravinco 

d'OrtiD,  commenced  in  1872.  Oran:  4to.  With  lithographs  and  a  geoli^csl 
map  by  MM.  Ricard  and  Pouyanne. 
8226.  1872,  Tille,  Ingeuicur  en  chef  dea  Mines.— Explora lion  g&logiqne  dn 
Beai-Mzab,  du  Sahara  tt  de  la  ri^gion  dea  Steppes  de  la  province  d'Alger.  Paris: 
4to,  pp.  540,  with  maps  and  seclioti,  and  1G3  woodcuts  in  the  t«xt.  A  most  im- 
portant work. 
3Sa7.     1872.     Portalupl,  JoMph-^Nouvelle  mfitbode  d'erploitalion  ninile  et 

industrielle  pour  rAlj:eiie.     Home :  4to,  pp.  32. 
3228.    187L'.    Watbled,    Ernest. — Aperfu  sur  k>3  premiers  consulats  fiaofais 

clans  le  Levant  et  les  ittals  liarbarenqiiea.     Rev.  Afr.,  vol.  xvi,  p,  20. 
saae.    1872.    Devoulx,  Albert.— Le  Ituisel-Hadj  Enibarek.    1.  c,  p.  35. 

8380.    Un  incident  diplomatique  'a  Alger,  en  1750.    1.  c.,  p.  81. 

8281.    fipigraphie  indigino  du  Musee  Archdologiqua  d'Alger.    1.  c,  p.  ISO. 

SS82.    La  tombe  de  Ehedeur  Pacha  ^  Alger. 

This  is  in  the  grounds  of  the  Zaouia  of  Sidi  Abd  er-Raliman  Eth-TholeU. 
1.  c,  p.  273. 

3233.     Mort  du  Pncha  Mohammed  Kliodja,  en  1754.     1.  c,  p.  321. 

8234.     La  BatUrJe  des  Andslous  &  Alger.     1.  c,  p.  340. 

This  was  destroyed  in  making  the  new  boulevard. 

S23C.    llclevi  dea  principalis  Fraiijais  qui  ont  niside  i  Alger  de  168G  1 

1830.     1.  c,  pp.  357  elaoj. 

3236.    Un  m&lecln  condamn^  A  mort  pour  avoir  laissi^  mourir  aon  malace. 

1.  c,  p.  471. 

3237.  1872.    Meroler,  El — ITn  niot  sur  Ics  etymologies  i  propoa  de  la  agai&ear 
tion  eiacte  do  "  Sour  el  K'oilan."     1.  c,  p.  46. 

3238.  1872.     F^raud,  C— I'oiotaa  da  fiSclies  en  siles  de  OuargU.     L  c.,  p.  ISG, 

S289.    D^livrance  d'e«clavcs  D^sres  dans   le  aud  de   la  province  de  Con- 

fltontine.     Lettre  £k  M.  le  Miniittre  de  I'luslruction  publique.     I.  c,  p.  167. 

324a    Eipidilioa  du  roi  Pierre  III.  d'Aragon  4  CoUo  (an  sin*  siicle) 

d'apris  uuo  chroniquo  catalane.     I.  c,  pp.  241  tl  sey. 

3241.     Aln  Beida  (Province  de  Conslantine).     1.  c,  p.  401. 

8342.    L«B  corporations   de    nj^tiers   ii  Cooslaotine    avont    la  cooquitA 

fnm^aise.    Trnduetion  d'uu  mnnuBcrtt  arabe.    I.  c,  p.  450. 

3244.  1872.    De  Boynes. — Naufmge  d'un  corsairo  alg£rten  sur  tus  oCtcs  du 
Kousaillon,  en  1704.    Bav.  Afr.,  vol.  xvi.  p.  :il9. 

3245.  1S72.    Amaud,Intcrprate  miliiaire. — Histoire  des  Oulad  Kail,  (aUaot  suito 
i  celle  des  Saliari  (Rev.  A(r.,  Nos.  lt-5).    L  c,  pp.  327  U  icj. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALQ£RIA«  319 

8246.  1872.  IHipoy,  Capitaine  Alexandre.— Les  mobiles  de  la  Creuso  eu 
Afrique.    Gn^ret :  8vo,  pp.  51. 

a948.  1872.  Doonments  public  par  la  Soci^t6  d'Agriculture  et  le  Cornice 
agrioole  d*Alger,  sur  la  question  des  terres.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  27. 

8848.  1872.  Buohetet,  Th.— Le  Hamma  d'Alger.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  8.  From 
the  Journal  d'Agriculture. 

8250.  1872.  Schneider,  C— Yon  Algier  nach  Tunis  uud  Constontine.  Dresden : 
8vo,  pp.  137. 

8251.  1872.  Seiff,  J.  — Beiicbt  Uber  eine  Reise  nach  Algerien  1867.  VIII. 
u.  IX.  Jahresbericht  des  Yereins  fur  Erdkunde  zu  Dresden,  S.  19-45. 

8252.  1872.  Iiiaataad,  Dr. — Notice  topograpbique  sur  Bouzaria.  Alger: 
12mo,  pp.  47. 

8263.  1872.  Qrad,  Ch. — Considerations  sur  la  g^lo^ie  et  le  regime  des  eanx  du 
Sahara  algerien  k  propos  d'uue  exploration  de  M.  Yille  et  de  quelques  r6cents 
Toyi^es.    Bull,  de  la  Soc.  G6ogr.  de  Paris,  Dec.,  pp.  571-600. 

8254.  1872.  Thamner,  XL — Six  semaincs  dans  TAtlas.  Bruxelles:  16mo, 
pp.  viiL  and  235. 

3255.  1872.  Viaetelly,  XL  H. — ^Algiers  as  it  is.  Gent.  Mag.,  new  ser.,  vol.  ix. 
pp.  258-64. 

8256.  1872.  MaoCarthy,  O. — Altitudes  des  principales  locality  de  I'Alg^e  et 
des  points  culminants  de  ses  diff^rents  systdmes  montagoeux.  Bull.  Soc.  Alg.  dc 
Climat.    L*Ann.  6^r.,  t  xi.  p.  76. 

8257.  1872.  Affaire  de  Soukahras.  Extrait  de  minutes  de  Grcfle  do  la  Cour 
d'Appel.    Alger :  4to,  pp.  80. 

This  was  the*first  act  of  the  insurrection  of  1871,  tried  before  M.  Truant  at 
the  assizes  of  B6ne. 

8258.  1872.    Assisee  de  Ck>n8tantine.    Act  d'accusation.    Alger :  fol.,  pp.  83. 
This  contains  the  charges  on  which  the  great  chiefs  were  tried,  and  is  a 

complete  history  of  the  insurrection  in  the  Medjana  and  elsewhere  in  the 
proYince  of  Algiers,  the  second  scene  in  the  drama.  The  trial  actually  took 
place  in  1873. 

8259.  1873.  M^moire  d'nn  aoous^.  Si  Aziz  ben  Mohammed  Amzian  ben 
Cheikh  el  Haddad  k  ses  juges,  et  k  ses  d^fenseurs.  Constantino :  8vo,  pp.  iv.  and 
102.    L^n  Seror,  avocat. 

The  accused  wa»"the  great  religious  head  of  the  insurrection,  as  Mokrani  was 
the  political  chief. 

8280.    1873.    L*Alg6rie  et  la  lettre  de  I'Empereur.    Paris:  8vo. 

L.  1873.  Cheyron,  de,  Commandant  8*  Hussards. — Bordj-bou-Arreredj 
pendant  I'insurrection  de  1871.  Journal  d'un  officier.  Paris:  12mo,  pp.  270, 
plate  and  map. 

1873.    Martial,  iW. — £tapes  d'un  franc  tireur  oranais.    Oran  :  12mo. 

8263.  1873.  Maltgan,  Henri  Freiherr  von. — Der  YAlkerkampf  zwischen 
Arabem  und  Berbem  in  Nord-Afrika.  Das  Ausland,  1873,  No.  23,  pp.  444  et  aeq. 

9SM,  1873.  Queydon,  Amiral  de,  formerly  Governor-general  of  Algeria. — 
Bapix>rt  sur  la  ^situation  de  TAlg^rie.  Bevue  Maritime  et  Coloniale,  t.  xxvi. 
pp.  378-98. 

This  treats"  of  the  suppression  of  the  rebellion  of  1871^  the  employment  of 
the  war  indemnity,  colonisation,  &c. 

VOL.   II.  T 


S20  A  BIBLIOGRAPHT  OF  ALGEltlA,' 

3266.     1873.     Gtoblet  d'AlvieUa.  Comtc.— Sahara  rt  Lapome.    1.  Iftlinoh'M 

8ud  de  I'AltaB,     2,  Un  voyase  nn  Cap  Noir,     Paris:  12ino,  pp.  807,  18  iilustra- 

tions.     Pp.  1  to  22  relate  to  Algeria. 
3368.     1873.     Delord,   Tajdle.— HisU.ire  du   Second   Empre.     Paris.    VoL  i». 

chap.  i.  is  devot«d  to  Algeria. 
3S67.    1873.    Ouimet,  £mile. — Arabea  ct  Eabj'kB,  pasteurs  ot  agriculteuis. 

Lyon ;  8vo,  pp.  24. 
8268.    1873.    Liautaud,  Dr.— La  Iti^puhllque  de  1848  en  Algeria.    Suite 

difffrcDta  r^niea  ndmiaiatratirs  de  I'Algiirle.    Algei :  6vo,  pp.  46. 
3269.     1373.     Trapenaid.  Dr.  O-ilbert.— Campapios  d'Afiiigoe,  33  Beptnufat* 

1870-23  juillet  1871.    ImpreasionB  miklicaie*.    OnnnaC:  8vo,  pp.  16. 
3271.     1873.     Suchet,    I'AbM,    Vicaire^Sofnil   d'Alger. — Le   missionnai 

Alg^ric.     Eitrait  de»  lettreB  de  I'Abb*'  Suchet,     Toura :  lemo,  pp.  35.     Bibliotb, 

•le  I'EnfancB  Chretien ne. 


L 


8272.    1873.    Martin-Haget.— L'AJgarieconquiBCi 

ei  musulmane  compart  enCre  ellea  bu  point  de  i 

historiqties,  litMrairea  ct  critiques,  form  ant  va  appendice  jusliQcatif  tres  itendu. 

Paris;  12mo, pp.  372. 
SS78.    1873.    Iiea  Arabea  et  la  colotusation  en  Alg^rie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  76. 
8274.     1873.    fitourneau.— L'Algfirie  iaisant  npi»l  i  la  Franoe.    Pari* :  Svo. 
327B.     1873.     Eadau.— Sitiiati^jn  dea  AlBaciens-Lorraina  on  Algt^rie.     Rapport  _ 

M,  GuyoDiner.     Iteviie  dts  deui  Mondes,  15th  April. — See  also  1,  c.,  July  18741 

3278.  1873.  Tiaetelly,  Edward  Henry.— Ramhles  near  AJKiere,  St.  James' 
Mag.,  voi.  xxxii.  p.  GOO.     Describes  the  town  and  neighbourliood. 

3277.  1873.  Poin,  Colonel.— Souvenirs  de  TAlgi^rie  et  des  giicrres  d'Afriijue, 
aveo  ua  pr&ia  hiatoriqna  sur  rorigine  de  cette  jnysWrieuse  partie  du  nioiide, 
depuia  I'^re  romaine  jusqu'Ji  doh  jours,     Paris ;  8vo,  pp.  500. 

3278.  1873.    De  Haecara  k  Saida.    Le  Tomps,  22od  May. 

8278.    1873.   Pilllaa,  Aoh.  Et, — Gfogrophio  pliysique  et  politique  de  TAlg^rie,  &c 

Alget  et  Paris ;  Svo,  pp.  260. 
3S80.    1873.    Jourdan,  A, — Itio^raires  des  routes  de  I'Alg^rie,  avec  ViadJcsttcm 

dea  etttpcB,  &c.     AJger ;  8vo. 
3281.     1873.     The   Mediterranean   Pilot.     PuhliHhed  at  the   Hydrographical 

OfSce,  Loudon. 

Vol. ).  contniiis,  araoiigst  other  places,  a  deflcription  of  the  coast  of 
from   Cape  Spartel   lo   the   Gulf  of  Kabes,  pp.  194-286.     A  second  cdil 
published  in  1885. 
8388.    1873.    Delamarre,  I>.  H. — Archi^ologie  de  TAlgeric.    folio. 

383.     Notes  sur  lea  vilks  ranmines  de  rAlgerie,  pp.  24. 

184,    1873.    LuklB,  Bev.  W.  C— Mooiirneata  megalith iques  en  Algirie.    Svo, 

pp.  7.    Extrait  du  Bull,  de  li  Soc.  Archil,  de  Nontcs. 

iSB.     1873.     Grammont,  H.  de.— Le  R'aiouat  est-il   I'ceuvre  de  Eheir-eddiii 

BarberousBo?    Pp.  v.  and  41. — See  Comptcs  Eendus  de  I'Acad.,  1873,  pp.  429-30. 

V  il  leneu  ve-aur-Lot. 

ISe.    1873.    Bern,  IkjuIs.— Les  Arabes  martyrs;  etude 

1871  en  Alg^Tie.    Paris:  12mo,  pp.  35. 


^ 


A  BIBLIOaRAPHV  OF  AIX3EBIA.  821 

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de  rarm^  d*Afriqae.    Paris :  4to. 

•3288.  1873.  MaBtapha,  officier  d'£iat-major. — ^Voyage  autoar  de  ma  teute; 
80uyenir  militaire.    Paris :  18mo. 

6289.  1878.  Iieoomto,  retired  Chef  d'escadron. — Notice  d^taill^  sur  la  manidre 
adopts  en  Afrique  pour  dtablir  les  hommes  et  les  chevaux  de  cavalerie  au  bivac. 
The  22nd  edition  of  this  work  was  published  in  Paris  in  1873.  32mo,  pp.  54, 
3  plates. 

•8290.    1878.    QuMtion  des  Eauz  d' Alger.    Rapport  du  Maire. 

^291.    1873.    Catalogue  des  produits  de  TAlg^rie  &  I'Exposition  de  Yienne.    8vo. 

1853.    Bividre,  F. — La  vigne  en  Alg^rie,  sa  plantation  et  sa  culture. 
Alger:  12mo,  pp.  52. 

Be  Taltise  de  la  vigne  en  Alg^rie  et  des  mojcns  ^  employer  pour 


ar river  k  sa  destruction.    Alger :  24mo,  pp.  16. 

Trwt6  sur  la  vinification  en  Algdrie.    12mo,  pp.  19. 


1873.  Qaihon,  Jardinier  en  chef  du  Jard.  d'Aoclim. — ^Notes  sur  un  voyage 
h,  Alger  et  dans  le  midi  do  la  France.  8vo,  pp.  14.  From  the  Bull,  de  la  Soc. 
d'Aoclim.,  January. 

1873.  Iiambert,  ISmest,  Inspecteur  des  forets  k  Alger,  en  retraite. — 
Eucalyptus.  Cultiu-e,  exploitation  et  produit ;  son  role  en  Alg^rie.  Paris :  8vo, 
pp.  56. 

1873.  Viaetelly,  E.  H. — Alger  s'amuse.  Oent.  Mag.,  n.s.  voL  xi. 
l^p.  391-9.    Describes  Moorish  c&U  life. 

Among  the  Kabyles.    Grent.  Mag.,  n.s.  vol.  ii.  pp.  554-64. 


1873.  Comynet,  Henri,  Ing^nieur  des  Mines,  and  M.  Dufirenois, 
Directeur  de  r£oole  des  Mines  k  Paris. — Rapport  sur  les  carridres  d'onyx  calcaire 
translucide,  alab&tre  antique,  de  la  Prov.  d'Oran.    Gran  :  4to,  pp.  10. 

1873.  Die  Elsaee-Iiothiinger  in  Algier.  Globus^  vol.  xxiiL  No.  23, 
p.  363. 

1873.  Fomel,  A. — ^Le  Sahara.  Observations  de  g^logie  et  geographic 
physique  et  biologique,  avec  des  aper9us  sur  TAilas  et  le  Soudan,  et  discussion 
de  I'hypothese  de  la  Mer  Saharienne  k  I'^poque  pr^historique,  public  par  la  Soci^t^ 
d'Climatologie  d' Alger.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  139.    L'Ann.  Gdogr.,  t.  xii.  p.  258. 

L'Alg^rie  k  TExposition  universelle  de  Yienne  (Autriche),  1872. 


Rapports  au  Gonseil  g^n^ral  du  ddpartement  d'Oran.    Oran :  8vo,  pp.  87. 

Description  et  carte  g^olo^ique  du  massif  do  Miliana,    Paris :  8vo, 


pl>.  184.    From  the  Bull.  Soc.  Climat.  d'Alger. 

1873.    Papier. — Essai  sur  le  catalogue  mincralogique  alg^rien. 


1873.    De  la  temperature  de  la  ville  d' Alger,  au  point  de  vue  des 
maladies  chroniques  de  la  poitrine.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  16. 


1873.  Bled  de  Braine. — Gours  synth^tique,  analytique  et  pratique  de 
la  langue  arabe,  ou  les  dialectes  vulgaires  africaius  d' Alger,  de  Maroc,  de  Tunis 
et  de  l'£gypte.    Paris :  8vo. 

1873.  Benan,  £. — La  sooi^t^  berb^re  on  Alg^rie.  Eevne  des  deux 
Mondes,  1  Sep. 

An  analysis  of  the  work  of  Hanoteau  and  Letoumeux,  with  many  additions. 

V   O 


;  statut  penoniiel 


Bruxeltes. 

■3r<.rl872. 


S3a  A  BlBLlOGKAl'Hf  OF  ALGEFLU. 

380e.    1873.    Ferier,  J.  A.  IS.,  Klembrc  do  k  Ciinimission  SdenK&que  Ae  rAI|;«rv>. 

— DcB  races  Oites  Bcrbirs  et  do  leur  ethuogiiiiii'.     Fans  i  Bvo,  pp.  55. 
Originnlly  piibliahed  by  the  SociilS  d'AnthropoIogia  in  1870. 
8810.     1873.     Creuaat,   J.   B.,    JesviiL    priest.— Essai   de   (iictioonniro   fninraii<- 

kabylc  (Zounoua)  {itC'cMi  i\es  iUmeats  de   cette  laogiie.     Alger :   8vo,  pp.  lij. 

(md  374. 
33II.    1673.    Sautajrra  et  Cberboiuieau. — Droit  lutisulm 

et  succession,     PnriH,  1872-8i :  2  vol.  8vo. 
8312.    1873.    ChevlUotW,  A..   ConseiUer  k  la  cour  de  Paria.— De  la  Saaitk 

musiilmuic  en  Al>;erie,  A  propos  dit  statnC  ]iersoiiuel  et  dea  iiicueBsioiis  ea  drmt 

muaulmau  par  AIM.  SauUyra  nnd  Clierbonneau.    Cotnpto  Ilendu.    Parii:  8to, 

pp.  16.    RcpTibiislied  frum  Le  Droit, 
3818.     1873.    Max,  Qus.,  Consul  de  Bel gique.— Rapports  commorciaus 

Rec.  Cons. 
8814.    1873.    Plsyfair,  Lt.-Col.  K,  L.— Reimrt  on  ibe  Trade  of  Al^i' 

Consular  Commercial  Eeports,  1873,  p.  247. 

8816.  1873.  Menerville,  P.  da.  President  1  la  Cuur  d'Appcl,  Alger.— Diction- 
□airc  de  la  legislation  alij^rienne.  Code  atmot<!  et  manuel  raisotm^  des  M«, 
ordoanaucea  et  d^crets,  dtciaions.     PariB,  1830-72  :  3  vol. 

3816.     1873.    Enfiintin.— (EuvreG.    Paris,  1865-73:  15  vol.  8vo. 
These  routain  uumeroua  arlicles  on  Algeria. 

8817.  1873.    Devoulx,  Albert. — Le  canon  dit  la  Consulaire  ^  Alger,  Rev.  Aft., 

An  immense  gun,  from  ivh-eh  several  French  consuls  were  blown  away ; 
now  at  Brest. 
3818.    1873.    Peraud,  Cb. — Documents  pour  sen-ir  k  I'liisloire  de  B6ne.     L  «,, 
pp.  4  el  se./. 

8818.     Destruction  des  ^taHisseinents  fnmrais  de  La  Calle  en  1827,  d'ajnte 

des  documents  indigenes.     1.  C,  p.  i'21. 

3320,  1873.  Quln,  Interpretcmililaire.— Notes  biatoriqueasnr  el  Adaouii,  l.ft, 
pp,  25  el  icq.     A  tribe  situated  45  kilom.  aautli-west  of  Aumale, 

38S1.     Notice  sui  la  famlllc  des  Itobrini  de  CliercheL     1,  c,,  p.  444. 

8323.    1873.    Mercier.— Lea  Arabes  d'Afrique  jugis  par  les  auteura  iniuulini]i&  ' 

1,  o.,  p.  43. 

3S3S.  1873.  Eobin,— Note  but  rorganisation  militaire  et  administratiw  da 
Turcs  dana  la  graudo  Kabylie,     1,  C,  pp.  132  et  teg. 

8824.     Le  Bey  Mohammed  beu  All  ed-Dcbbah,     1,  c,  p.  364. 

3825.     1873.     Amaud. — Lcs  tribus  Cheiirfa  (nobles).     Traduction  d'lin  rregmcnt 
du  livrc  *de  U  v<!rite,'  i>ar  Mohammed  ben  bou  Zid,  des  Oulad  Elialed  (Djubel 
Amour),    1,  c,  p.  208. 
8896.    1873.    Watbled,  Emeat.— EspC-dition  du  Due  de  Beaufort  oontro  Djidjeti 

(1604).    I.  c,  p.  213. 
3327.    litablifiaoment  de  la  domination  lurquo  en  Algtfrie.    1.  c,  pp.  287  e( 

3828.    Pachas— Pacha-Deys,    1.  c,  \\  433. 

S380.    1873.    Warnier,  Dr.— Rapport  au  nom  de  la  cummission  de  TAssembk-n 

Nationalc  diargSc  d'exomincr  lo  projet  do  loi  rclatif  !i  I'^lablissoment  et  1  In 

n  de  la  proprifit^  en  Alg^rie,  &c.    I^ris :  4to,  pp.  G2,  map. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  323 

dS81.  1873.  Coxnpagnie  g^nevoise  des  colonies  suisses  de  S^tif.  —  Yingc- 
troisidme  rapport  du  conseil  d^administration.  Geneve :  4to,  pp.  56,  with  map, 
and  a  plan  of  the  Ck>mpany'8  properties  at  S^tif. 

3382.  1873.  Taupiao,  C— !l6tude  sur  la  banque  de  TAIg^rie,  Bune :  12mo, 
pp.  37. 

9888.  1873.  Aoad^xnie  d'Hippone.  —  Essai  d*un  catalogue  min^ralogiquo 
alg^rien.    JBdne :  4to,  pp.  209,  with  12  tabular  statements. 

3884.  1873.  Thuillier,  i&nile. — Le  royaume  arabe  devant  le  jury  de  Con- 
stantine.    Gonstantine :  8vo,  pp.  55. 

Written  on  the  occasion  of  the  trial  of  the  great  chiefs  at  Gonstantine  for 
participation  in  the  insurrection  of  1871. 

3886.  1873.  Iiapassety  O^n^ral. — La  ^erre  en  Alg^ric.  Instructions  som- 
maires  pour  la  conduite  d'une  oolonnc.  Publication  de  la  Hdunion  des  Officiers. 
Alger :  12mo,  pp.  32. 

3886.  1873.  Dobraniohi,  Dr. — Du  climat  d' Alger,  de  sa  valeur  au  point  de  vue 
de  la  tnberculose,  comme  station  hivemale.    Paris :  8yo,  pp.  76. 

3887.  1873.  Charrier,  Commandant  sup^rieur  de  Salda. — L'Alfa  des  hauts 
plateaux  de  I'Alg^rie.  Alger :  8vo,  pp.  54,  with  a  map  of  the  Alfa  regions  of 
the  province  of  Oran. 

3888.  1878.  Bapport  du  G^n^ral  de  la  Croix  sur  la  marche  de  la  oolonne 
dn  G^n^ral  de  Gallifet,  d'Ouargla  &  El-Groleah,  pendant  les  moisded^.,  jan.  etf§v. 
demiers.    Joum.  Of&ciel,  21  mars.    L*Ann.  G^ogr.,  t.  xii.  p.  265. 

3888.  1873.  Farisot,  Capt. — D'Ourgla  ^  El-Golca.  Colonne  exp^tionnaire  du 
G^^ral  de  Galifet  dans  la  Sahara.  Les  stries  du  plateau  des  Cha'mba,  par  Henri 
Duveyrier.    Bull,  Soc.  G6ogr.  Paris,  mars,  pp.  155-6G. 

.3840.  1873.  T7n  ^plBode  de  Tinsurrection  Kabyle  de  1871.  Rev.  des  deux 
Mondes,  1st  Dec. 

The  Ann6e  G6ogr.  remarks  of  this,  'M'efficace  et  vraie  politique  de  notre 
oolooisation  alg^rienne,  la  seule  vraie,  la  seule  cfEcace,  est  admfrablement 
r^sumde,"  t.  xii.  p.  255. 

3841.  1873.  Duveyrier,  Henri — The  Progress  of  Discovery  South  of  Algeria. 
Ocean  Highways,  ed.  Clem.  Markham,  June,  p.  93,  with  map. 

1873.  Beooimaissanoe  du  trac^  des  chemins  de  fer  do  Gonstantine  iV 
S^tif  et  de  Gonstantine  a  Batna.  Rapports  de  MM.  les  ing^nieurs  des  ponts-«t- 
chaussto  au  conseil  general.    Gonstantine :  8vo. 

L  1873.  Derr^cagaix,  V.,  Capitaine  d'ifitat-major.— Le  sud  de  la  province 
d'Oran.  Abbeville  :  8vo,  pp.  64,  with  map.  From  Bull.  Soc.  Gdogr.,  Jan.  and 
March,  pp.  5-38,  246-71. 

A  work  of  great  interest  and  value. 

1874.  Cahen,  Ab.,  Grand  Rabbin. — Rapport  fait  sur  le  Madra9en.  Rec. 
Not  et  M^m.  Soc.  Arch.  Gonst.,  vol.  xvi.  p.  1. 

3846.  1874.  Meroier,  Ernest. — Uistoriqne  des  connaissances  des  anciens  sur  la 
geographic  de  I'Afrique  scptentrionale.    1.  c,  p.  19. 

3846.  1873.  F^raud,  L.  Charles. — Nouveau  document  sur  rinsuncction 
contre  les  Turcs  en  1804.    1.  c,  p.  41. 

3847.  1874.  Bosredon,  Capitaine  Ijac  de. — Notice  sur  quelques  monuments 
de  I'oocupation  romainc  dans  le  ccrclc  de  Tdbessa.     1.  c.  p.  53. 


SSft  A  tllllUDORArilY  Ut'  ALGtliUA. 

8848.    1874.    Bosredon,  Capitalne  IiSlc  de.—lDscripUons  turn ui aim Tecntill^ 

i  T&mssa  pendant  Vanwe  1873-4.     1.  c,  p.  471. 
8840,     1874.    Bagot,  Capitaine  W.—ta  Hnliara  de  la  proTince  de  Constautiiic 

1.  c,  1).  111. 
SS60.     1874.     Charbonnean,  Aug. — UnmoDuuientde  MarcounadediSS  Ajiloniu 

par  le  Lfigat  D.  Pocteiua  Fruntinianiis.     1.  c,  p.  77. 
8861.    DSdicace  bu  dbu  solaire  PhoaplioruE,  tcouvi^e  A  Lombjae.    L  c, 

p.  Bl. 

8869l      Explication  du  nom  d'eUKanlour.     1.  Ct  p.  85. 

3363.    1874.    Fayen,  Commandant.-- Notice  sur  les  tbemies  roroiuiis  de  SitiL 

1.  c,  p.  301. 
8864,     1874.     Brunon,  CoIoneL — -M^moirc  aurlesfeuiUescxecul^esanMtidiw'HV 

mausol^e  des  roia  do  Numldie.     I.  c,  p.  303. 
3365.     16T4.     Foulle,  A.— InscripliODH  diveracs  de  la  Maorilanic  i^tifieose  et  de 

la  Numidio.    1.  c,  p.  363. 
8366,     1874.     Boasidre,   Tnapectcur  d'Acad^mie. — Inacripljons    de    Ckmatantiiic. 

1.  c.,  p.  460. 
8857.    1874.     Boger,  J„  Contwrvnteiir  dn  MnaiSe.— loscriplions  de  Philippcvillc. 

1,  c„  p,  4B4. 
SS68.    1874.    Mangiavaachi.— Tuscriplioiis  de  Msaaaoud.    1.  c„  p.  467, 
8889.     1874.     Maurin,   Dr.   Am6d6e.— La  saisoa  d'hiver  en  AlgiSrie.      Paris: 

18mo,  pp.  321. 
8860.    18T4.    Uaupas,  S.— Note  ntir  la  moraine  tcmiiaale  d'un  ancien  glacier 
1  de  rOueJ  el  Kebir  (Blidah).     Alger;  Svo,  pp.  12.     Ftwu 


3861.    1874.    Douglas,   C.  Homo, — SearclicH  for  Bummer,  ahowing  iLo  anij- 

winter  taotics  of  an  Invniid.     London  and  Edinburgh:  8to. 

8865.  1874.  Clamageran,  J.  J.— L'Algfirie ;  impresBions  de  voyage  (IT  man- 
4  jnia  1873),  suivica  d'une  ^tudo  aur  lea  iualituliona  dea  Eab;los  et  la  coloniaaliuD. 
Paris:  12mo,  pp.  302.— See  also  Itev.  Pol.  et  Litt.,  2'  s^rie,  t.  v.  pp.  32'J  d  te^. 

Tbe  moat  ioteteeCing  part  is  chapter  xvii.,  ia  which  there  ia  s  elioit  ritmiir 
of  Hanot«au  and  Lotoumom'u  work  on  Kabylia. 
3S63.    1874.    Mardar,  EmeBL — Comment  I'Afrique  Beptentrionalc  a  litfi  arobiafe, 
Estrait  r^stuuS  de  rhiatoiro  de  IV-tablisacmcnt  des  Arabcs  dans  I'Afrique  aepteo- 
trionale.     Paris:  Svo,  pp.  18. 
8364.    1874.    Strauss,  Ch.— L'A.lgerie  et  la  Praase.    Paria :  8vo,  pp.  75. 
Tlie  author  claims  "rAlgfirie  libro  dans  la  France  libre." 

8866.    L'aasimilation  et  la  reeoiiatitution  du  Miatat^re  de  I'Alg^rie.    Paris : 

8vo,  pp.  40. 

3866.  1874.  Belinfant«,  J.  —  Terovering  Algerie.  ZeventieDJarige  stnid. 
Amaterdam :  8yo. 

3867.  1874.  Du  Projet  de  lol  aur  la  aupprosabadu  jur;  en  Alg^rie.  Alger: 
Svo,  pp.  40. 

Articles  originally  published  in  the  Vigio  Alg^ricune,  attributed  to  11.  V. 
Mallarm^,  Avocal.  The  Projet  in  question  n-,is  preaent^d  to  the  Auembljc 
Nationalc  by  the  Hiniater  uf  Justice  on  tbe  30lh  May,  oa  foLows : — "  Le  d^rel. 
dea  24  octobrfl  et  10  nor.  1870  relatif  i  I'insCitution  du  jury  et  au  roncliouD»- 
ment  des  cours  d'aaai^cs  en  AlgSrie  eat  abrogf-" 


A  BIBLIOQRAPHT  OF  ALGERIA.  325 

3868.  1874.  Boudaire,  IBL,  Gapitainc  d'£tat-major. — ^Une  mer  int^rieure  en 
Algdrie,  avec  carte  explicative.  Rev.  des  deux  Mondes,  15th  May.  Published 
8eparately»  Paris :  8vo,  ppi  31,  with  map. 

3369.    Note  sur  lea  Chotts  situds  au  sud  de  Biskra.    Bull,  de  la  Soc. 

G^ogr.  de  Paris,  March,  pp.  297-300. 

A  review  of  Koudaire's  work,  by  John  D.  Champlin,  Juxl,  is  contained  in 
Popular  Sc  Monthly,  New  York,  1876,  vol.  viii.  p.  665. 

3370.  1874.  Deleetre,  E.,  G^m^tre. — A.  propos  de  la  mer  intdrieure,  ou  fausie 
interpretation  gtographique.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  23. 

The  writer  is  not  a  believer  in  the  possibility  of  the  scheme. 

3371.  1874.  Paladinl,  Ii. — II  nuovo  mare  del  Sahara  Algerino.  Suppl.  al 
Giomale  Politica  e  Comm.,  Messina,  No.  115. 

3372.  1874.  Bohlfb,  Oer. — Ein  Binnensee  in  Algerien.  Das  Ausland,  No.  42, 
p.  839. 

3373.  1874.  SxploratioziB  dans  le  Sahara.  L'expddition  du  d^rt  de  Lybie. 
Projet  de  creation  d'une  mer  intdrieure  dans  TAfrique  septentrionale.  Les 
explorations  de  MM.  Soleillet,  Dupdrd,  le  Kabbin  Mardoch^.  Kov.  Pol.  et  Litt., 
2r  sdr.,  t  vi.  p.  1140. 

<3374.  1874.  Duvesrrier,  H. — ^Une  mer  intdrieuro  en  Algdrie.  Bull.  Soc.  Grdogr. 
Paris,  May,  p.  458,  with  map. 

3375.    Voyage  au  Sahara  par  Norbert  Doumaux  Dup^r^,  rddig^  d'aprds  son 

journal  et  ses  lettres.    1.  c,  August,  p.  113,  2  maps. 

^9376.     1874.    Qosselin,  Sd. — De  Ouargla  ii  In-9alah.    1.  c,  June,  pp.  634--8. 

^377.     1874.    De  Manne. — Le  d^rt  et  ses  Episodes.    Paris :  8vo. 

^378.  1874.  Soleillet,  P.— Exploration  du  Sahara  central.  Voyage  d'Alger 
•i  I'oasis  d'In9alah.  Kapi;K)rt  prdsent^  &  la  Chambre  de  Conmierce  d'Alger. 
Alger :  folio,  pp.  146,  autogr. 

-^3379.  1874.  Chambre  de  Commerce,  Alger. — Kapport  transmis  au  Gou- 
vemeur  g^ndral  civil  sur  la  premidre  exploration  commerciale  et  scientifique  par 
M.  Paul  Soleillet,  Alger :  8vo,  pp.  26.  Attached  is  Governor-general  Chanzy's 
reply. 

1874.    Daiunas,  Qto^ral  IS. — Les  chevaux  du  Sahara  et  les  moeors  du 
desert.    Paris :  8vo. 

1874.    Sept  mois  d'ezp^dition  dans  la  Kabylie  orientale  et  dans  le 
Hodna ;  par  H.  V.  .  .  .      AngoulSme  :  8vo,  pp.  147. 

1874.    Fhilebert,  Ch.,  Colonel  36«  du  ligne.— Expedition  dans  les  Beni- 
Mena^r  en  1871.    Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  55,  3  plates. 

IMboB,  E. — Les  puits  art^iens  en  Algdrie.     Kev.  Mar.  et  Colon.,  Aug., 
pp.  600-17. 

1874.    Sevestre,  H.— D'Alger  k  TripoU ;  mission  de  I'aviso  le  *'  Kl^ber," 
mai  et  juin  1874.    Rev.  Mar.  et  Colon.,  Dec,  pp.  685-782. 

The  KUber  had  to  visit  the  coral  fisheries  and  to  "show  the  flag"  in  Tunis 
and  Tripoli. 

1874.    Badau,  XL — ^Eapport  de  la  Socidtd  de  Protection  des  Alsaciens- 
Lorraios.    Bev.  des  deux  Mondes,  1st  July. 

1874.    Hal6vy,  J. — ^l^tudesberb^cs.   Premiere  partie.    Essais  d'dpigraphie 
libvque.    Joum.  Asiat,  Oct.,  Nov.,  pp.  3G9-410. 


836  A  BIBLlOGliArUV  OK  ALGERIA.  ^^^^^^H 

S387.  1874.  O^rard,  Jules,— Lion-hunting  nii>l  sporCiag  life  in  Algwia,  with 
illustnktioDB  by  G.  Duie.     Lundoii :  Uvu. 

3388.  IST4.  CMret  et  Dubois  da  Oennes, — Chasae  aax  fetniucs  et  aus  lions 
en  Alg^rie.     Paria  ;  12mo,  p[i.  378. 

3389.  1874.  TiUaorosse,  A. — Vingt  aos  en  AlgiSrie,  ou  IribuluUona  d'on  colon 
mcoDtdes  par  lui-mSmc.  Le  regime  militaire  et  radministration  civile;  mceun. 
coutumes,  iDHtitalions  dcs  indigents.  Ce  qui  est  fait,  co  qui  ost  i  Uire.  Paris : 
ISrao,  pp.  389. 

8880-  1874.  Chermetant,  le  P^re  F. — Knhylic.  Journ-  dc  la  Prop,  de  la  Foi, 
t.  yi.  pp.  29^2. 

S881.     Eabylien.      Jabrbiiclier    der    Ycrbreituog    il«    Glaubeui,    t.  vi. 

pp.  29-42. 
3392.    1874.    Topinard,  Dr.  Paul.— Db  la  race  iiidigSne  ou  mx  berbire  eo 

Alg^rie.     Revue  d'Antbropologie,  t.  iii,     A  short  article  of  8  pp. 
8383.     1874.    Faidlierbe,  Q^niral,  and  Sr.  Paul  Topinard. — Instnictioiu 
Bor  I'anthropologie  di;  I'Alg^rie.     OonsidiSrations  geut'rales.     Instnictions  particu- 
iiSres.     Paris;  8vo,  pp.  53. 
3384.     1874.     Bicoux,  Dr.  R. —  Coatribution  ^  I'elude   de   riiccliinntcini'nt  dis 

Franfais  en  Alyirie.     i'iiris;  8vo. 
3386.     187*.     Bataillard,  P.— Notts  e(  questions  aur  iea  Bohemiens  en  Alg^rie. 

Paris :  8vo,  pp.  21.     From  the  Bull,  de  k  Soc.  d'Anthrop.  de  Paria,  17  julllel. 
3386.    1874.    Blanc,  P.—  La  lopulalion  de  I'Algi'rie    en  1872.     Alger :  8to, 

pp.  15. 
3887.    1874.    Baclua,  On^Blme. —Geographic  de  In  France,  dc  TAIgfrie  et  da 

Coloniea,    Paris :  8vo. 
3398.    1874.    ITlel,  O. — Gfograpliie  pbysique,  iudustriclle,  comroerciale,  etc.,  de 

I'Algfiric.     BSne:  12uio. 
3880.    1874,    Baioier,  P.  P.— GiSograpliie  commerciale  de  I'AlgiSrie.    Maraelllc: 

4io,  pp.  104. 
8400.     1874.     Grdatlou  d'une  voie  de  second  ordre  ontre  Affreville  et  Bogluri. 
Mdmoire  A  I'appui  adre^se  ^  M.  le  Gouvemeur-g^nfral  par  lea  habitants  de  !• 
vnlWe  du  haul  Cbelif.     Alger :  12mo,  pp.  15. 
S401.    1874.     Oouvememeiit  O^u^ral  CiviL    Statistiqne  gen^c»l  de  I'Algi-ric 
Anndea  1667-72,    Paris  :  4to,  jip.  453,  witii  map  ehowing  civil  territory. 

3403.     Iliniiraires  des  routt.-s  de  PAlgdrie.     Alger :  12mo. 

3403.  I8T4.  Flayfoir,  lieut.-Col.  B  Ij.— Murray's  Handbook  to  Algeria. 
First  edition  published  auonymously.     London :  12mo,  pp.  239,  2  maps. 

8404.    Report  on  the  Commerce  of  Algeria  during  1872.    Consular Ciini- 

mercial  Beporta,  1873,  p.  7C6. 
3406.    1874.    Uax,  Qostave,  Consul  do  Belgiquc. — Itapport  conuncrcial.  Ilecaeil 
COnsulaire. 

3406.    Rapport  sur  I'eipIoiUUon  do  I'Alfa.    1.  c. 

8407.    Eapjwrt  sur  le  commorce  daa  iilumea  d'autmcbc.    L  c 

8406.  1874.  Feuillet,  Dr.— La  Phlhiaioen  AigSrie,  d'aprte  unc enquct* officielle 
Bollicitte  par  la  SocdeClimatologied  Alger,  avcc  tablcanx  synopliques,  documents 
oSciels  et  carte,    Alger;  8vd,  pp,  145, 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  827 

3400.  1874.  Bertherand,  Dr.  XL — Notice  biographique  snr  le  Dr.  A.  Puzin, 
m6decin  de  colonisation.    Alger :  12mo,  pp.  8. 

3410.    Notice  biographique  sur  Abdulla  ben  Mohammed,  pharmacicn  ^ 

r£coIe  de  M^ecine  k  Alger  (en  fran^ais  et  en  arabe).    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  11. 

3411.  1874.  Maw,  Qeorge. — Geological  notes  on  a  journey  from  Algiers  to  the 
Sahara.  From  the  Quarterly  Journal  of  the  Geological  Society  for  May  1874. 
8vo,  pp.  105*23,  with  map  and  section. 

3412.  1874.  Ville,  Ing^nieur  en  chef  des  mines  en  Alg^rie. — Situation  de 
Tindustrie  minidre  des  d^partements  d' Alger,  d'Oran  et  de  Constantine,  au  com- 
mencement de  1874.    Alger :  4to,  pp.  139. 

3413.  1874.  Ijagrange,  M. — Mine  de  mercure  de  Ras-el-Ma,  prte  Jemmapes, 
Concession  Jean  Labaille.    Bdne :  8yo,  pp.  14. 

3414.  1874?  Bleioher,  Dr.  —  Becherches  sur  Torigine  des  ^l^ments  litho- 
logiques  des  terrains  tertiaires  et  quatemaires  des  environs  d'Oran.  Montpellier : 
8vo,  pp.  16,  with  plate.    From  the  Rev.  des  Sciences  Naturelles. 

3415.  1874.  Charrier,  Commandant  sup^rieur  de  SaXda. — L'Alfa  des  hauls 
plateaux  de  TAlg^rie.— See  Stat  Gen.  for  1874,  p.  431. 

8416.  1874.  BouBoel,  Ch. — ^Les  incendies  de  fordt  en  Alg^rie.  Rev.  des  deux 
Mondes,  15  ao<it. 

3417.  1874.  Ijamaireese,  M.,  Ing^nieur  en  chef  des  ponts  et  chauss^s. — Notice 
sur  le  barrage  du  Ch^lif.  Paris:  8vo,  pp.  56,  2  plans  containing  numerous 
designs. 

A  detailed  and  ofiBcial  account  of  this  important  work. 

3418.  1874.  Bapport  adress^  k  M.  le  Gouvemeur  G^n^ral  Civil  de  TAlg^ric  par 
la  commission  alg^rienne  de  Texposition  universelle  de  Vienne  en  1873.  Paris : 
8vo. 

3419.    Mdmoire  sur  les  principales  questions  int^ressant  Tagriculture  dans 

la  subdivision  d*0rl6ansville.     Alger:    12mo,  pp.  42,  with  map.    Originally 
published  in  the  Akhbar. 

3480.  1874.  BeboudyDr.  Viotor. — Bapport  sur  les  herborisatioDs  faites  en  1872 
et  1873  par  MM.  Issartel,  Milon,  S^jouro^,  Reboud,  etc.,  dans  Test  et  Textreme 
sod  de  la  province  de  Constantine.  Bull,  de  la  Soc.  Botan.  de  France,  t.  xxii., 
24  Jan.  1875. 

34S8.  1874.  Iiapaine,  Ivan,  Attache  au  Cabinet  du  Dircctcur  G6u4ral  des  Aff. 
Civ,  et  Fin. — De  I'exercice  du  droit  de  prfeentation  dans  la  transmission  des  offices 
en  Alg^rie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  31. 

3423.  1874.  Fomel,  A. — Nouveaux  mat^riaux  pour  la  Flore  atlantique.  Paris, 
Alger :  8vo,  pp.  397.    From  the  BulL  de  la  Soc.  de  Climat.  d'Alger. 

3434.  1874.  Cambon,  Ferd. — Aux  Alg^riens.  Ponies.  Alger :  8vo,  pp.  vii. 
and  136. 

3425.  1874.  DevotQz,  Albert. — Lettres  adress^s  par  des  marabouts  arabes  au 
Pacha  d'Alger.    Rev.  Afr.,  vol.  xviii.  pp.  171  et  seq, 

3426.  1874.  Delpeohe,  Adrien,  Interprdte  judiciaire. — R^sum^  historique 
sur  le  souldvemeut  des  Derk'aoua  de  la  province  d*Oran,  d'apr^  la  chronique 
d'El-Mossellem  ben  Mohammed  Bach  Defter  du  Bey  Hassan,  de  1800  &  1813. 
1.  c,  p.  39. 


taS  A  iUBUOGRAPUV  OK  ALGERIA. 

B«7.    18T4.    Delpeche,  Adrien,— La  Zuotifn  ,de 
N'lbunas  (de  Iti  Vocho).     I.  c,  p.  81, 

This  ia  situated  at  25  kiluiu.  rrom  Tizi  Ouzon 


1  A'li  ben  HbasM  oil  AH 


the  road  to  Dra  el-Mizao. 

3428.     Un   diplOmo   du  Mokeddem  de  la  conWrie   religieuse  lialunflma. 

1.  c,  p.  418. 

8420,  1674.  Fdr&ud,  Charles. — Lea  Hturar,  Beigaeurs  des  Himenclia.  £tudeK 
liiatoriquea  sur  la  province  de  Conutaiitiiie.     I.  c,  pp.  11  et  Beq. 

84S0.    ^pli^DK^rides  d'un  sccritaire  officiel  sous  Ik  dominatjoa  turqne  i 

Alger,  de  1775  i  1805.     1.  c,  p.  295. 

8431.    Lettrea  aulographas  de  Mohammed  Monamftuni  Bi-y  do  Const 

de  1824-26.    I.  o.,  p.  413. 

8432.    —  Notes  siir  Tebeasa..    I.  c,  p.  430. 

8483. 


1874.    Robin,  IT.— Nolo  sur  Yahia  Agba.    1.  c,  p.  59. 
Yahia  Mou^tal'ft  was  Agha  of  the  Arabs  from  1818-2a 

Feteoa  Sliriaiu  (la  guerre  de  Marie).    1.  c,  p.  161. 

A  heroine  of  Kahylia  who  lived  io  the  bcgitming  of  the  Dineteenth  cent 

I.es  ImesRcbelen.     I.  c,  p.  401. 

Hei-oea  who  aaorificed  themselves  for  the  defence  of  their  country  (Kabylia). 
1874.    Trumelet,  Colonel. — Lettre  au  sujet  d' 


itantta^H 


e  picrre  comme 
iiidiqiinut  rendr(>it  oil  it  et^  tiie  lu  Bneh  Aghu  Mokranl.     1.  c,  p.  474. 
3437.     1874.     DBstugue,  G6n6rftl,— Hauls  plalcaiis  du  Snham  et  de  1' 
occidenfale.     Bull.  Soc.  GC-ogr.  Pniis,  Feb.,  pp.  113-47,  with  map. 

S4S8.    1874.    Doumaux  DupdnJ,   IT.— Le  rOlc  de  la  France  dans  I'Afid 
Beptentrionale  et  le  voyage  de  Tiiubouktou.    1.  c,  Dec.,  pp.  I}07'50. 

8480.     1875.     day,    Jean. — Bibliogrnphie  des  ouvragcs  relatifs  &  I'Afriqnc 
I'Antbie.     Catalogue  n^thodlqiie  de  touH  Ics  ouvrages  fmn^ais  et  drs  principaux 
en  langues  ^tran^Sres,  tmitant  da  la  gAigraphie,  de  I'hisloire,  du  commerce,  di* 
lettrea  et  des  arlB  de  TAfrique  et  deTAmhie.     San  Itemo;  8yo,  pp.  312. 
A  work  of  the  hightst  value. 

3440.  1875.  Boudoirs,  K.,  Capit.  d']!lUt-iOBJor. — Note  sur  les  tr&vaux  de  la 
miMion  ohargeo  d'dtudier  le  projet  de  met  intirieiire  d'Algdrie.  Comptea  Read. 
Acad.  Sc.  22Dd  Juuc,  pp.  15i)3-U. 

3441.    La  Missioa  des  Chotla  du  Sahara  de  Constantine.    Bull.  Soc.  G 

Paris,  Aug.,  p.  113 ;  Dec.,  p.  574. 

The  scheme  of  creating  an  inland  sea  by  taking  the  waters  of  tbo  liiaiiUi 
ranean   into   the   Sahara    had   hecu  so  strongly   urged,   that   the   Assembl6e 
Nationale  voted  a  sum  of  money  for  preliuitnary  studies.    This  task  wns  con- 
fided to  the  daring  originator,  with  whom  were  asuociateil  M.  Henri  Dxvrejner 
and  several  engiueers.  ,^^t 

8442.     1875.    Duveyrier,  H. — Lettres  dtirant  sa  mission  aux  Chotts.    Bull  9^| 
Gfogr.  Paris,  Jan.,  pp.  ff4-100 ;  Feb.,  pp.  203-27  j  March,  pp.  30.3-17.  ^^M 

3443.    Premier  rapport  snr  1&  mission  dea  Cholls  du  Sahara  de  CoDstantiDe. 

1.  0.,  May,  p.  482. 
8444.    1875.    Pomel.— II  n'y  a  point  eu  de  mer  intirieure  au  Snfaara.     ComptM- 
Bend,  dee  tnv.  de  I'Acad.  des  Sc,  31st  May,  p.  1342, 

The  writer  ia  one  of  the  moat  steady  opponents  of  this  scheme. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OP  ALGERIA.  82^ 

8445.  1875.  Staohe^  G. — ^Dic  projectirte  Yerbindung  des  nlgcrisch-tunesischcn 
ChotUGrebietes  mit  dem  Mlttelmeere.  MittheiL  der  K.  K.  Geogr.  Gkselliohaft  in 
Wien,  t  xviii.  Nos.  8  and  9,  pp.  337-51. 

8446.  1875.  Villot»  Capitaine,  Chef  de  Bareau  Aiube. — Moenrs,  coatumes  ct 
institutions  des  indigenes  de  TAIg^rie.    Constantine :  8vo,  pp.  444 

8447.  1875.  Siooti^rey  M.  de  la. — Bapport  an  nom  de  la  commission  d*enquOtc 
sur  les  actes  du  gouvemement  de  la  defense  nationale.  Alg^rie.  Versailles :  *J  vu!. 
4to,  pp.  912  and  296. 

8448.  1875.  Despres,  Charles. — ^Tipasa.  Itin^raire  humoristique.  Alger: 
24mo,  pp.  95. 

8448.  1875.  Bossu,  Viotor. — Nouveau  systdme  de  colonisation  alg^rienno. 
Lyon :  8vo,  pp.  24.  Second  edition.  The  first  was  published  in  1871. — See  No. 
3167. 

8460.  1875.  BlanOy  P. — £tudes  sur  TAlg^rie.  La  civilisation  des  indigenes. 
L'inmiigration.    L'Exploratcur  Gdogr.  et  CJomm.,  No.  4,  p.  79  ;  No.  10,  p.  220. 

8461.  1875.  Foumel,  HenrL— ^Les  Berb^res.  ]£tude  sur  la  conqudto  d& 
TAlg^rio  par  les  Arabos,  d*apr^s  des  textes  arabes  imprimees.  Paris :  4to,  t.  i.. 
pp.  xii.  and  609.    The  second  vol.  published  in  1881,  pp.  iv.  and  381. 

The  result  of  long  and  patient  investigation. 

8462.  1875.  €k>88eliii,  Sd.— UAlg^rie  et  le  Sahara.  L'Explor.  Gdogr.  ct 
Comm.,  No.  17,  pp.  392-5  ;  No.  20,  pp.  457-8. 

8468.    1875.    Ck>lonisation  de  l'Alg4rie,  with  map.    1.  c,  No.  26,  p.  100. 

8466.  1875.  Chanzy,  G^^n^ral. — Espos^  de  la  situation  de  TAlgdrie,  12  Janvier 
1875. 

8466.     £xpos4  de  la  situation  de  TAlg^rie,  17  novr.  1875.     Alger :  8vo, 

pp.  55. 

8467.  1875.  Gtouvemement  G^^n^ral  de  I'Alg^rie.  Tableau  gdndral  au  V 
Janvier  1875  des  communes  de  plein  ezercice,  mixtes  et  indig^es  des  trois 
provinoea.  Also,  Tableau  g^ndral  au  1*  octobre  1875  des  communes  de  plein 
exercice,  mixtes  et  indigenes  des  trois  ddpartements  de  I'Alg^rie.  Alger :  folio, 
pp.  82. 

8468.  1875.  Meroier,  Ernest,  Interpr^to  assermentd. — Histoire  de  r^tabli-- 
sement  des  Arabes  dans  TAfrique  septentrionale,  selon  les  auteurs  arabes. 
Constantine :  8vo,  pp.  viii.  and  410,  2  maps. 

8460.  1875.  Frixnaudaie^  £lie  de  la,  Archiviste  ^  la  Direction  Gdn^rale,  Alger. 
— Histoire  de  I'occnpation  espagnole  en  Afrique  (1506-74).  Documents  inediis- 
recueillis  et  mis  en  ordrc.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  323. 

8460.  1874.  Ney,  Napoleon. — ^Les  relations  de  la  France  avec  Textrdme  sud 
de  rAlgdrie  et  les  demiers  voyages  d'exploration.  Revue  des  deux  Mondes, 
1st  April. 

8461.  1875.  Brun,  J. — Une  exploration  dans  le  Sahara  alg^rien.  Voyage 
ex^cut^  en  mars  et  avril  1873  par  M.  Brun,  pharmacien,  M.  Gouy,  i)eintre,  de 
Geneve,  et  M.  Percy,  capitaine  anglais.    Le  Globe,  1874,  xiii.  liv.  1-2,  pp.  5-16. 

8462.  1875.  Soleillet,  Paid.— L'Afrique  occidentale.  Alg^rie— Mzab— Tildi- 
kelt.  Avignon :  sm*  8vo,  map.  Another  edition  published  in  Paris  in  1877, 
pp.  280. 


S30  A  BIBUOGRAI'HY  OF  ALGERIA. 

8468.     1876.     Boleillet,  FauL— Le  commerce  du   Sahara.     L'ExpIor.  6top.  rt 

ConuD.,  No.  10,  p.  436 ;  No.  20,  p.  inS. 
8464. Voyage  d'Alger  H  St.  Louis  de  Senegal  par  Tombouctou.     Ooo- 

f^rence.     Avi^noD  :  ll^mo,  pp.  33. 

A  short  account  of  his  jourucy  to  Ain^laii,  and  )iis  project  of  procwiiing  at 
above  to  Tombouctou. 
3466. Voyage  dans  Ic  Babara  central.    Bull.  Soc  Giogr.  de  Lyon,  Jan,, 

3468.    Obseryations    mdttorologiques    dans    le    Sahara  central.      1.  c, 

pp.  1G9-71. 
8467.    1875.    Huris,  Bev.  C— How  we  fared  in  Algeiia.     Fubliahcd  ononj- 

moualy.    Iiondon :  8vo. 
3468.    1875.    Dean,  J.  O. — A  visit  tu  the  Aures  Mountains  in  July.     I-and  and 

Water,  7th  AugiiBt,  1875. 
3466.     1875.    Vilbort,  J.— En  Kabylie;  voyage  d'uno  Pariaienne  au  Djurdjura. 

Paris;  8vo.  pp.  315. 
3470.    1875.    iMvni,  E.  de,  and  C.  X.  Zeys.— Tlcni;eii.    Tour  de  Monde, 

t.  sxi.  pp.  3(XM58. 
8471.     18T5.    Bfiboud,  Dr.  V. — Excursion  arohfelogique  dans  lea  cercle*  de 

Quehna,  de  Souk-Abraa  et  de  La  Colle  (uovembrc  1B6S).     Ilecucil  d'inscriptions 

libyco-berb^res.    Nuuvtilc  s^rle,  avec  douze  planches.    Constantjne :  8vo,  pp.  45. 

—See  also  No-  3527. 
847S.    1876.    Koussel,  Charlea — La  condition  ot  la  naturaliutioD  des  etrsngen 

en  Alg£rie.     Kcv.  dcs  deux  Mondca,  1st  June. 
8478.     La  condilioo  et  la  naturalisation  dea  indig^nea  en  Alg£rie ;  les  Jtufs 

ct  Ics  Musulmans.     1.  c.,  15th  August. 
847fi.    1676.    Iioule-Iiandft,    It — Lea    Alaaciens-Lonaina    en    A]g.5ric,  et    lei 

noureaux  vill^es  fondfia  par  la  SocifitS  de  Protection,    llev,  des  deus  Mondts, 

lat  Sept. 

3476.  1875.    Muaaat,  Paul  do.— Les  denU  d'un  Turco.     Hfcit  fanlastique. 
llev.  dea  6eux  Sloiidos,  1st  Aiiguat. 

3477.  1875.    Kay,  David.— .\rtido  on  Algeria,  in  the  Kncycloptedia  Britannici, 
9th  edition,  vol.  i.  pp.  563-9. 

3478.  1875.     Gk)tTinge,  Comr.  Haniy  H.,  U.S.  Navy.— Coasts  of  the  Meditrr- 
ranean  Sea,     Piiblisbed  at  the  Hydrographic  Office,  Washington, 

Part  i.,  pp.  295-373,  contaiij3  '  Coast  of  Algeria,'  and  in  appendix,  'Summary 

of  lawa  and  decrees  relating  to  Algeria;  tonnage  dues,  and  magnetic  rariationa.' 

3478.    1875.    Cavalier  de  Cuvervllle,  Capit.  de  vaieseau.^La  p6che  du  corail 

eur  les  cOtes  de  I'Alg^ric.     llev.   Maritime  et  Colon.,  mai,  pp.  404-43;    Jain, 

pp.  657-87. 

8480.    1875.    Play&ir,  I,t.-Col.  K.  L.— Narrative  of  a  Consular  Tour  iu  the 

Ai]t5s  Mountains,  undertaken  in  April  and  May  1875.    Conaular  Commercial 

Iteports,  1875,  i-art  ii.  p.  1435. 

3481.    Report  on  the  Commerce,  Agriculture,  iSrc,  of  Algiers  for  187^ 

Consular  Commercial  Eeports,  1874,  p.  1285. 

3482,    Report  on  the  Trade  and  Commcrco  of  Algiers  for  1874.    Consular 

Commerciaj  IteporI«,  1875,  part  i.  p.  o56. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  881 

3488.  1875.  Max,  Gas.,  Consul  de  Belgique. — Rapport  sar  la  productioD 
Agricole  de  l*Alg^rie.    Rec.  Cons. 

8484.  1875.    Moeller. — Titulorum  africanoram  orthographia.    Gryphiswaldiffi. 

8485.  1875.  Bertherand,  Dr.  S. — Des  sources  thermales  et  min^rales  de 
I'Alg^rie,  au  point  de  vue  de  remplacement  des  centres  de  population  a  order. 
Alger :  8vo,  pp.  34,  with  map. 

8488.    Recherches  des  cachets  d*oculistcs  remains  dans  le  nord  de  I'Afrique. 

Rev.  Afr.,  vol.  xix.  p.  433. 

8487.  1875.  Flanohon,  J.  E.,  Professeur  k  la  Faculty  dc  Montpellicr. — 
L'Eucalyptus  globulus  au  point  de  vue  botanique,  dconomique  et  m^ioal.  Revue 
des  deux  Mondes,  1st  Jan. 

8488.  1875.  Andzieu. — Algdrie.  Types  et  croquis.  Riom:  1*  s6rie,8vo,pp.  168  ; 
2«  sdrie,  8vo,  pp.  263. 

8488.  1875.  Ballantyne,  R.  M.  — The  Pirate  City:  nn  Algerine  Tale. 
London  :  8vo,  pp.  400.  One  of  the  author's  admirable  scries  of  instructive  tales 
for  boys. 

8480.  1875.    Houdas,  O. — Cours  dldmentaire  de  languo  arabe.    2  parts,  8vo. 

8481.  1875.  Oaakell,  Qeorge. — Algeria  as  it  is.  Jjoodon:  8vo,  pp.  xxviii. 
and  327. 

From  p.  117-214  is  an  Arab  story  'Ourida,'  which  has  been  translated  by 
the  author  into  Spanish  and  Italian,  and  published  separately  at  Algiers  and 
Florence.  A  Grerman  translation  of  the  work  was  published  at  Vienna  in 
1877. 

8485.  1875.  I>ouvre,  A. — liltablissement  pdnitentiaire  de  Lambessa  ou  Lambdse, 
pr^  Batoa.    Constantino :  8vo,  pp.  16. 

8488.  Iieblaao  de  Pr^bois,  Fran9ois,  Commandant. — Situation  de  TAlgdrie 
depuis  le  quatre  scptembre  1870.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  41. 

8484.  1875.  F  .  .  .  ,  G^ndml  d'artillerie  (De  Penhoat).— Alger  et  la  colonisation* 
Chronique  d*il  y  a  trente  ans.    Paris :  32mo,  pp.  72,  in  verse. 

8486.  1875.  Iiaoour,  A.,  Commis  de  Marine. — Monographic  de  la  Marine 
fran9ai8e  en  Alg^rie.    Alger :  12mo,  pp.  133.    2nd  ed.  1877. 

The  author's  object  is  to  show  the  part  taken  by  the  French  navy  in  the 
conquest  of  Algeria.  The  work  is  divided  into  three  parts.  1.  A  precis  of 
the  principal  expeditions  against  Algiers  prior  to  1830.  2.  The  chief  events  in 
which  the  navy  was  concerned  since  that  time.  8.  A  description  of  the  littoral. 
He  also  gives  a  list  of  all  the  Admirals  commanding  the  Marine  since  the 
conquest. 

8488.  1875.  Bridges,  Edward  T. — ^Algerian  Colonisation.  St.  James's  Maga- 
zine, voL  xxxvi.  pp.  255-488  and  264-407. 

Describes  the  efforts  at  military  colonisation  and  subsequent  schemes. 

8487.  1875.  FllliajB,  Aohille. — L'Algdrie  ancienne  et  modeme.  Alger :  12mo,. 
pp.339. 

8486.    (M>graphie  physique  et  politique  de  I'Alg^rie.    2nd  ed.    Alger : 

12mo,  pp.  256. 

8488.  1875.    M.  J.— Die  Beduien  des  SocheL    Globus,  t.  xxxix.  Nos.  22-3. 

8600.  1875.  Chabaud-Amaud,  Lieutenant  devaisseau. — Attaque  des  batteries- 
alg^riennes  par  Lord  Exmouth  en  1816.  Rev.  Afr.,  vol.  xix.  p.  194.  Taken 
from  the  Uevue  Maritime  et  Coloniale. 


433 


I  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGEHIA. 


8601.     I8T5.    Feraud,  Ch.— Doouraents  pour  scrvir  A  l'liiah)ife4«  PhJH 
Hev.  Afr^  Tol.  six.  pp.  50  et  seq. — See  atiio  No.  3562. 

A  continual  ion  uf  n  work  commeoced  by  the  late  M.  E,  V.  Fei 
860S.    1873.    Priroaudaie,  £lie  da  la. — Duouments  icfdits  but  Tliietd 
roccupation  eap^nole  en  Afriiiut,  150S-74.     1.  c,  pp.  G2  ft  leg. 
These  are  chiefly  from  llie  aroliivts  of  SimaacM. 
8603.    1876.    Uiobiel,  Alfred. — La  prise  d'Alger,  mcontee  par  en  captir. 
]'.  471. 

This  was  originally  publiahed  in  the  Revue  Conl«mporaiDe  of  3Ist  Dec^ 

1854.     The  work  was  originally  ivrittea  by  a.  Gurxnan  cnptive,  and  bore  the 

title  'Mdne  lieiaun  nad  mciue  fUntjabrige  Gcfaagenschaft  in  Algier,  ron  Simon 

Fried  rich  Pfeiffer.' 

3504.     1875.     Bobin,  V.— Les   Oulad  ben  Zamonm.      1.  c,  p.  32.     From  the 

Arabic  MS.  of  the  Oiilad  ben  Kanoun. 
S606.     1875.    MAzet,   du.— Chemins   do   fer  do   I'Afrique  centrale.      L'Eiplor. 

G€ogr.  et  Comni.,  No.  41,  p.  470,  with  map. 
3S0e,     1876.    Duponchal,  A.,  logenieur  en  chef  dee  pont.'f  ot  cliauwoes.— Le& 
cheniina  de  fer  dc  I'Afrique  cetiLralc.     £tude  giiograpbique.     Montpellier:  8vo, 
pp.  14. 

3607.    Projet  do  clicroiu  lio  fer  dans  I'Afiiqiie  centrale.    L'Explor.  G^ogr. 

ot  Comm.,  No.  81,  pp,  232  et  sfj. 

3608.     Chemin  de  fer  de  TAfrique  centrale.      Varianle  du  baaS  par  TOued 

LuB.    Moiitpellier ;  8vo,  pp.  4,  with  map. 

350B.  1875.  IiEivlKerie^  Xgr,  Charles  A.,  Archevequc  d'Alger. — L'annte  et 
la  mission  do  France  en  Afrique.  I'iacours  prononcd  dans  U  eatbddralB  d'Alger 
le  25  nvril,  pour  I'inauguration  du  aervieo  religious  ikns  I'annfie  d'Afriquo. 
Alger:  8vo,  pp.  64. 
3610.  1875.  IinTigne,  Qeorgea. — Le  l^ranfaiB  en  Alg^rie:  le  climat.  Hev. 
Pol.  et  Litt.,  2'  sir.,  I.  viii.  p.  1017. 

A  review  of  two  uorhs,  one  on  '  Acclimstenient,'  by  M.  Bertillon  [n  tli« 

Diet.  Encycl.  des  Sc.  Udd.  ;  and  the  other  by  M.   Sioaux,  *  CoDtribulioD  i 

I'eiudo  de  racclimatcnicnt  dea  Fran^als  ea  Algdrie.' 

3511.    1875.    Bainier,  F. — CourB  de  gtegraphic  commerciale  de  I'icolc  snp^rieure 

do  commerce  de  Mojaollle,  comprenant  I'Afrique.     Marseille:  4to,  pp.  611  (aulo- 

S^phed).    Algeria  occupies  a  pre [wndera ting  part  of  tliis  work. 

3613.  1875.     Tlioma,a,  Fh. — Ddcoiirerte  d'un  atelier  pr^ldstorjque  ^  Hasn  el- 
M'Kaddem,  pris  Ouargla.     Bull.  Soc.  des  So.  d'Alger,  1875,  and  plate  in  1 
Also,  Maliriaux  pour  I'bistoire  prim,  et  uat.  de  I'liomme,  1876,  4  pli 

3618.    1875,    Iiargeau,  V.— De  Touggourt  il  Ghndamis.    L'Explor.  Gic 
Comm.,  No.  5,  p.  97 ;  No.  7,  p.  143  ;  No.  8,  p.  109. 

3614.    Les  puits  artisiens  dans  I'Oued  Ithir.    1.  c.  No.  9,  p.  200. 

3616.    Touggourt;    industries,  productions,  commerce.     1.  c.,    3 

l».  223. 

3616.    Eapport  sur  eon  sijotir  k  GhadamSa.    I.  c,  No.  11,  p.  248. 

3617.    Le  grand  diaetl :  Ohadam^.  1,  c,  No.  11,  p.  250;  No.  12,  p.^ 

No.  14,  p.  317. 

3617a.    Voyage  i  GhaJam&s.    1.  c.,  No,  44,  pp.  542  et  aeq, 

3615.    Les  confiaH  du  grand  desert ;  Biskra.    1.  c.  No.  17,  p.  395. 


A  BIBLKWRAPHr  OF  ALGERIA.  833 

3519.    1875.    liargeau,  V. — Exploration  de  M.    L  c,  Xo.  18,  p.  419 ;  No.  19, 
pp.  442  et  Kq, 

3620.    Voyage  k  Ghadam^.    Bull,  de  la  Soc  Gdpgr.  Paris,  Nov.,  p.  505. 

3521.    Bapport  k  M.  lo  President  et  k  MM.  les  membres  de  la  Soc.  de 

G^ogr.  de  Geneve,  with  map.    Le  Globe,  voL  xiv.  p.  25. 

3622.    La  vengeance  d'Ali.     PoSme  arabe.     Tradnit  par  V.  L.     Geneve : 

8vo,  pp.  253. 

3628.  1875.  M^moiroB  du  Mar^chal  Bandon.  Paris:  8vo,  1st  voL  pp.  526, 
2  maps ;  2nd  vol.  1877,  pp.  338. 

3624.  1875.  Dibos. — Le  sel  gemme  en  Alg^rie.  Bev.  Mar.  et  Ck>lon.,  Oct., 
pp.  333-43. 

3626.  1875.  H^ron  de  VillefOBse,  A. — Bapport  snr  une  mission  arcb^ologique 
en  Algdrie.    Arch,  des  Miss.  Sc.  et  Litt.,  3"  s6r.,  t.  ii.  pp.  377-496. 

This  mission  had  for  its  object  the  collection  of  Boman  inscriptions,  recently 
discovered  in  the  province  of  Constantine.  The  writer's  work  is  a  valuable 
supplement  to  the  precious  collection  of  M.  L^n  Benier. 

3626.  1876.  Veth,  Prof.  P.  J.,  en  Dr.  C.  M.  Kan.— Bibliografie  van  Neder- 
landsche  Boeken,  Brochures,  Eaarten  enz.  over  Afrika.    Utrecht,  8vo,  pp.  98. 

3627.  1876.  Beboud,  Dr.  V. — Excursion  arch^ologique  dans  les  cercles  de 
Guelma,  de  Souk-Ahras  et  de  La  Galle.  Bee.  de  Not.  et  M^m.  Soc.  Arch.  Const., 
vol.  xvii.  p.  1,  with  numerous  plates. 

3628.    Ordre  des  inscriptions  nouvelles  ou  d6}k  connues,  reproduites  dans 

les  planches.    L  c,  p.  55. 

3628.    Tableau  gdn^ral  des  localitds  oil  Ton  a  decouvert  des  inscriptions 

libyques.    L  c,  p.  69. 

"3630.  1876.  Bninon,  Colonel  of  Engineers. — Note  sur  les  vestiges  d'un  monu- 
ment d^uvert  k  Constantine  dans  la  Buo  Combes.  L  c,  p.  66 ;  followed  by  an 
article  on  the  same  subject  by  M.  Meister,  Architect. 

3631.  1876.  Baudot,  Capitaine. — £tude  sur  Poasis  de  N^grine  et  les  mines  de 
Besseriani  (ad  majores).    1.  c,  p.  111. 

■  -3682.  1876.  Dr.  X  ...  (M.  Garreau).— Trois  mois  deliver  k  Alger.  Journal 
humoristique  d'un  m^ecin  phthisiqiie.  Pau — Dax — Alger.  Du  choix  d'une 
station  hibemale.    Paris :  12mo,  pp.  503.  *  * 

3638.  1876.  Gk>yt»  M.  A. — ^Inscriptions  relev^  aux  environs  de  Khenchla  et  de 
S6tif.    Bee.  de  Not.  et  Mem.  Soc.  Arch.  Const.,  vol.  xvii.  p,  327. 

3684.  1876.  CoBta,  and  others. — Inscriptions  recueillies  dans  la  province  de 
Constantine,  1874-5.    1.  c,  p.  339. 

3686.  1876.  FouUe,  A. — Inscriptions  de  la  Numidie  et  de  la  Mauritanie  S^tifi- 
enne.    1.  c,  p.  351. 

8688.  1876.  Chanzy,  QdntokL — Expose  de  la  situation  de  TAlg^rie.  Cons. 
Sup.  de  Gouvemcment.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  71. 

3687.  1876.    Loizillon,  V.—L'Alg^rie  pratique.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  160. 

3638.    L'Exposition  d'Alger,  1876.    Description  complete  des  galeries  et 

de  lenrs  annexes.    Alger:  12mo,  pp.  242.    A  larger  edition,  8yo,  pp.  242,  with 
illustrations. 

3638.  1876.  Ouy,  C,  Contr61eur  des  Douanes.— L'Alg^rie ;  agriculture, 
Industrie,  commerce.    Alger  :_8vo,  pp.  159,  with  commercial  tables. 


334 


I  BIBUOQRAPHT  OF  AUJERIA. 


t  commertual  du  d^pirtement  A'Algtr. 


8640.     1876.     Guy,    C,   fcc.— Mouve 
L'Bsploraleur,  No.  70,  pp.  578  et  sej, 
3641.    1876.    Donaldson,  Prof. — A  notice  of  the  recent  traTds  of  H.U.  Coth^ 

Geoeral,  Lieut, -Col.  Playfair,  in  tha  provinces  of  Alijiers  and  Tunis,  in  the 
steps  of  Bruce  the  Iraveller,  illustrated  hj  Bruce's  drawings.  Sess.  Paperi!  Roy. 
Brit,  Arcliilects,  No.  3,  pp.  33-43,  illustrations. 

3643.  1876.    Playltir,  Iiieut.-Col.  E.  L.— Supplementary  Report  on  the  Tnido 
find  Commerce  of  Algeria  for  1874.     Consular  Commercinl  Be|»rt9,  187G,  p.  4. 

3648.     Preliminary  Report  on  the  Trade  and  Commerce  of  Algeria  for  1873. 

1.  c,  p.  20. 

3644.    Hei"ort  of  b  Consukr  Toot  in  the  Regency  of  Tunis  during  Mareh 

and  April.     1.  c,  p.  1187. 

354B.    1876.    Kiel,  O.— Giographie  de  i'AIg^ric.     Bijae  :  2  voL  12mo,  3  maps. 
3646.    187G.    Ifazet,  du.— Cummerce  entre  I'Alg^rie  et  le  Maroc.    Ia  Sebkfaft 

et  les  oasis  dc  Gourara.  L' Exploration,  Nos.  58  and  62,  p.  366,  nith  nwp. 
3547.  — - — -  Lcs  el.emios  du  fer  BlgiSrieiiE.  1.  c.  No.  64,  p.  422,  with  nuip. 
364a    Les  Montn{;nes  des  Troras.    L  c,  No.  3  et  leq. 

3649.  187C.     Dnpouohel. — Les  chemins  de  fer  de  I'Afrique  centrsle.     L. 
No.  64,  p.  22,  with  nnp. 

8SD0.    1876.    Fourrier.— Blida.    Blida:  16mo. 

86GS.     1876.     Fimud,  Ch.— Histoire  da  Philippeville.     Alger :  8vo,  pp.  190. 

8663.    Les  interprfiles  de  I'arm&i  d'Afriquo  (archives  du  corpa). 

8vo,  pp.  479. 

8664.  I8T6.    Sabatier.— Bo  Figuig  au  Touat ;  rechcrchea  sur  la  vaU£a  da  1' 
Measaoora.    Mobacher,  187G. 

3666.     1876,     Largeau,  V.— ExpeJitiou  de  Rhadanies.      Alger:  8to.— ties 
L'Esploratcur,  No.  55,  pp.  IGl  el  seq. 

3666.  187G.    Foncher  de  Careil,  A.,  S^nateur. — L'Algurie  et  les  eipli 
'  frangais  au  Snlinra.     l!ev.  Pol.  et  Litt,  pp.  411-8. 

A  conference  held  at  Mcliiii  with  a  view  lo  encourage  the  e:(peditiOB^ 
M.  Largeau. 

3667.  1876.     Bohlfb,   O.— Largeau's   sweite   Expedition   nach   Ithadamee  ^t 
einige  Worte  ubor  Algerien.     Peturm.  Get^r.  Mitth.,  p.  850. 

3668.  1876.  Treilla,  Dr.  A.— L'ExpAliti 
(mare-novemhre  1871).  Notes  et  wjuvenirs 
8vo,  pp.  194,  map. 

S6SB.    1876.    L*Alg4rle,  notioaa  ginirales.    L'Exi)lorateur,  No.  50,  p.  38,  i 

S660.    1876.  Bonaom,  B. — TmU  de  sootecbnie  il  I'usagc  du  cultivateur  algiii 

De  la  production  et  de  Vdlive  du  grue  bdtail.    Al^cr :  8vd,  pp.  235, 16  plates. 

8661.    1876,  MasBlas,  F,— L'AlgtSric.    Sonvenira  militaires.    Paris :  8to. 

3662,  1876.  Fe:rdeau,    ErnsBt — Souna;   eduea  de  mKurs  arabes. 
16mD. 

3663.  1876.  H.  P.— Blida,  par  nn  do  scs  enfants.    Blidn  :  IGmo.  pp.  114, 
plan. 


M 


I  dc  Eabylie  orientale  ot  du  Hodua 
'un  m6deciu  miiitaire,  Constantine  : 


rf* 


1 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  335 

3664.    1876.    Hasqueray,    Prof.    E. — Sur    quelqucs    inscriptions    trouv^  k 
Thamgad.    Rec.  de  Not.  et  Mem.  Soc.  Arch,  de  Constantine,  vol.  xvii.  p.  441. 

3566.    Voyage  dans  I'Aur^.    Bull.  Soc.  G^gr.  de  Paris,  July,  pp.  39-69  ; 

Nov.,  pp.  449-73. 

8666.    Impressions  de  voyage.    La  Kabylie — Le  Pays  Berb^e.    Rev.  PoL 

et  Litt,  2*  sdr.,  t.  z.  pp.  177  et  seq. 

8667.    Sur  la  forteresse  d'lcborikan,  dans  TAur^.     Bull.  Soc.  G^ogr.  Paris, 

Nov.,  p.  329. 

8668.  1876.    Biohard,  Ch.,  Capitaine  de  Gr^nie. — Scenes  de  mocurs  arabcs.    3rd 
edition.    Paris :  18mo,  pp.  226. 

8668.    1876.    Srokmann-Chatrian. — Une  Gampagno  en  Kabylie.    Paris :  12mo. 

8670l    1876.    Cambon,  Ferdinand. — ^Aux  Alg^riens.    L'Alg^rie  et  la  question 
d*Orient.    Gonstantine :  8vo,  pp.  23. 

8671.  1876.    Bertherand,    Dr.    XL — Hygienik    oder    G^undbeitslehre    des 
Kolonisten  in  Algerien.    Alger :  12mo,  pp.  27. 

8672.  1876.  D^ouz,  S. — Une  excursion  &  la  for6t  des  Ouled-Antheur,  cerde  de 
Boghar.    L'Explorateur,  No.  62,  pp.  264  et  aeq. 

8678.  1876.  Telemsaen. — Yon  .  .  .  nach  Nemours.  Globus,  xxx.  No.  19, 
p.  289. 

8674.  1876.  Toumafond,  P. — Le  Lac  Fetzara  et  son  dess^hement.  L'Ex- 
plorateur, No.  69,  pp.  646  c<  seq, 

8676.  1876.  BoiiBsel,  Ch. — La  justice  fran9aise  en  Alg^rie  et  les  tribunaux 
indigenes.    Rev.  des  deux  Mondes,  1st  Aug. 

■ 

8676.  1876.  Sanrin,  A.,  Juge  au  Tribunal  de  Tiziouzou. — Notre  organisation  en 
Kabylie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  56. 

8677.  1876.  Brosselard,  C,  ancien  Pr^fet  d'Oran. — M^moire  gdographique  et 
historique  sur  les  tombeaux  des  Emirs  Beni-Zeiyan  ct  de  Boabdil,  dernier  roi 
de  Grajiade,  d^uverts  h  Tlem9en.    Paris:  8vo,  pp.  200.    From  the  Journal 

.    Asiatique. 

A  most  valuable  contribution  to  the  history  of  Tlem9en,  the  more  valuable 
as  the  manner  in  which  the  interesting  antiquities  of  this  historic  city  have 
been  n^ected  by  the  French  is  a  disgrace  to  civilisation. 

8678.  1876.  Beaton,  W.  J.  —Report  on  the  Forests  of  Algeria,  &c  London : 
8vo. 

8679.  1876.  Hope,  Capt.  H.  W.,  propri^taire  de  la  fordt  de  Kef-Djemel  au 
Beni  Salah,  prov.  de  Gonstantine. — Essai  sur  I'exploitation  de  chdne-lidge  en 
Alg^rie.    Paris :  4to,  pp.  79. 

8680.  1876.    Exposition  d' Alger.    Alger,  1876 :  8vo,  map. 

8681.  1876.  Bzposition  d' Alger. — Rapport,  section  des  Machines.  Alger: 
8vo,  pp.  44. 

.8688.  1876.  Tableau  g^n^ral  au  1*^  octobre  1876  des  communes  de  plcin 
exercice,  mixtes  et  indigenes,  des  trois  provlDces  de  TAlg^e  (territoire  civil  ct 
territoiredecommandement)aveo  indication  du  chiffre  de  la  superficie  du  territoire 
et  de  la  population  europ^nne  et  indigene  de  chaque  conmiime.    Alger :  folio. 

8688.    1876.    Cssrsskowaki,    Stephen,  Ing^nieur   civil. — Goup  d'ceil   sur  la 
natoze  et  le  gisement  des  minerals  de  fer  en  Alg^rie  et  considerations  g^ndrales 
TOL.  n.  s 


':M 


A  BIDLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGEKIft, 

BUT  les  ^'itemcQts  mftallif^rcs — Al^^rie,  Pyr^n^,  Ac    Egaai  do  clB^ificatim  ia 
glUH   miiifraux — Thalwegs   mfCollifercB.    Alais :   8vo,  pp.  73,  4  dooble-pige 

1876.  Iieclero,  Br.  Iiuoien,  anc.  M^ecin-roajor  de  1™  ckaae. — Hiatoirr 
de  la  m&leciae  arabe.  Expose  complet  des  traductioDB  Aa  grec  Lee  tcieuoes  en 
Orient,  leor  tmnBinisBiou  ft  rOccidoiit,  jiar  les  tradactiona  lutinw.    Puis:  2  vol. 

1878,  Villot,  Chef  de  bntailloo. — Inatniotiou  pratique  eur  le  BerTioe  des 
colonnes  en  Alg^rie.     Paris:  12mo,  p\\  112. 

A  rAuWor  the  traditicinK,  prlDciples,  and  customB  of  the  milituy  ttaiT  in 
Algur 

1876.  Tllle,  Ii.,  Inspectcur  g^nfrat  des  MSnes.— Legislation  dea  tnii 
flituation  de  I'industrie  minSralurfrique  de  I'Alg^rie,  4  la  fin  de  1875.  Alger: 
pp.  SI,  carte  minfiralogique  au  l/2,400,000", 

Notices  snr  les  piiitB  art^ens  dee  provinces  d'Alger,  d'Onu  A 

de  Cotistuntine.     Alger;  8vo,  pp.  101. 
SB88.    1876.    Sdeum^  historique  des  ttondiges  nrt^aiens  ex^nt£a  dans  le  diputc- 
meiit  de  C'onstantine  de  18.">6  h  1875.     CouaUotine:  4tO. 

During  this  time  tlie  govemnieut  made  nearly  400  artesian  tounds. 

7G,     Fouynime,  lufivnieer  des  Mines. — Note  sur  la  region  teniBtciim 

OuelhasM.    Paris :  8to,  pp.  40,  witli  a  geological  nap  of  the  oountiy  between  ikH 

Tafca  and  Cameruta.  ^H 

359a    1876.    DnvejTler,    Henri.  — Lea    monts  Auria.     ExploratioB  ds'^H 

MasquLTay.     Ann^  Gdographiqiie,  15"  ann^e,  pp.  30  ct  teij.  ^ 

3601.    Itin^rairo  de  Methtili  k  Hasei  Ber^bAoui  et  d'ul  GuIIa  k  MeUiIiU, 

d'aprte  un  journal  de  voyage  en  1859,  nith  map.    Bull,  Soo.  Gfogr,  Paris,  Jnne, 
p.  577. 

S6BS.    La  sonscriptba  Lacgaau  vt  I'expMition  da  Ahaf^ar,    Rev,  Gfe<T. 

Intero.,  No.  11,  p.  197. 

8068.    Lea  progiis  de  la  g£ographio    en   Alg^rie    dspuis  ranefe  1868   J 

jtisqu'a  rannfe  1871.    Bull,  do  la  Soc.  KhiSdiviftle  de  Gfogr.  da  Caire,  Ko.  2,  J 

pp.  141-222.  i 

8B94.    1876.    Pftbre,   Colonel  Henri.— L'Algirie  ea  1840-8.     Paris:   12mo,l 

pp.  244.  I 

The  'Souvenirs  militaires'  of  Colunol  Fabre   first  appeared  in  the  Ccotrcl 

Africain.  I 

86B6.    1876,    Pradior,  John.— Notes  artisliqncs  aur  Alger,  1874-5.     ToursH 

Sto,  pp.  74.  H 

3600.    1876.    Delpeob,  Adrien,  loterprOtc  judiciaire. — Histoire  d'el  Hadj  AI^H 

el-K'ader,  par  son  cousin  El  Ilasain  bcu  A'li  ben  Abi  Taleb.    Translated  from  i^H 

Arabic.     Bev.  Afr.,  vol.  xx.  p.  417.  ^H 

Tiie  original  work    was  written  fay  llie  author  during  his  inUrutncnt^H 

Blido,  from  1848  till  tlic  capitulation  of  the  Amir  in  1848.  ^M 

3607.     1876.     Duponetael,   A.,    Tngfnieur  en  chef  des  ponts  et  cbBm8£es.--^^| 

cheniin  de  fer  rr3n9ais  dans  I'Afriqiie  centrale.    Nourelles  dtudes  sur  lee  secl^^l 

septentrioualcB  du  lrac£  g^udral.    Paris:  8to,  pp.  27,  witli  map.    From  L'E:^^| 

rateur,  30th  March.  ^^M 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHT  OF  ALGERIA.  837 

a598.    1876.    lAmbel,  De.— Illustrations  d'Afriqud.    Tours :  8yo. 
Biographies  of  no  importance. 

859a    1876.    Soleillet,  FauL— Exploration  du  Sahara  oentraU    Avenir  de  la 
France  en  Afrique.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  vii.  and  106. 

8600.  1876.  Ija  mer  int^rieure  de  TAfrique  septentrionale,  et  la  carte  de  la 
navigation  des  Argonautes.    L'Explorateur,  No.  67,  p.  502. 

3001.  1876.  Iia  mer  int^rieure. — La  question  de  la  •  •  •  da  Sahara  k  la 
Soci^t^  de  Olographic  de  Paris.    1.  c,  No.  73,  p.  655. 

860SL  1876.  Girard  de  Bialle.— La  mer  int^rieure  du  Sahara.  Bev.  Sclent., 
28th  Oct.,  t  xL  pp.  409-17. 

8608.  1876.  QroB,  J. — La  mer  int^rieure  du  Sahara  et  Capitaine  Boudaire. 
L'Explorateur. 

8604.    1876.    Champlin,  John  D.— See  No.  3369. 

8606.  1876.  Duveyrier,  H. — Spedizione  del  livellamento  degli  Sciott,  Cosmos 
di  Guido  Cora,  L  ill.  pp.  37  and  198. 

8606.  1876.    FuohB. — Same  subject    1.  a,  p.  38. 

8607.  1876.  Boudaire,  Capit.  K— Nivellement  en  Tonisie.  Bapport  ^  la  Soc. 
de  Geographic.    Explorateur,  No.  73,  p.  655.    L'Ann.  G^ogr.,  2*  s&r.,  t.  L  p.  55. 

8606.  1876.  De  Xjeeseps,  Ferdinand. — Sur  les  lacs  amers  et  autres  points  do 
I'isthme  de  Suez;  inondation  des  Chotts  alg^riens  et  tunisiens.  Bev.  Sdent., 
p.  527. 

8609.  1876.  Sainte-Marie,  K  de. — La  mission  de  Capitaine  Boudaire  en  Tnmsie 
et  la  mer  int^rieure,  with  maps.    Explorateur,  No.  59,  p.  273. 

8610.  1876.  MacCarthy,  Osoar.— Note  sur  les  mar^s  du  Oolfe  de  Gab^s 
(d'apr^  TAmiral  Smyth).    Explorateur,  No.  81,  p.  200. 

8611.  1876.  Cosson,  B. — Note  sur  le  projet  d'une  mer  int^rienre  en  Alg^rie. 
Comptes  Bend.  Acad,  des  Sc.,  t.  Ixxix. 

8612.  1876.  .Doumet,  Adanson. — Note  sur  rorigine  des  Chotts  du  sud  de  la 
Tunieie.    Montpellier :  8vo.    From  the  Bev.  des  Sc.  Natur. 

8618.  1876.  Perrier,  Commandant. — G^od^e  de  TAlgdrie.  Determination  do 
la  longitude  et  de  la  latitude  de  Bone.    Explorateur,  No.  58. 

8614.  1876.  Mar^,  FatiL— Note  sur  TAlgerie:  lettre  k  M.  le  Pr^ident  du 
concours  r^gioual  d' Avignon.    Alger :  8vo. 

8615.  1876.  Farisot,  Capital  do  d'Etat-major. — Buinea  romaines  de  Bir  Moham- 
med ben  YoOines,  situdes  au  sud-est  de  N^grine.  Bee.  de  Not.  et  M4m.  Soc.  Arch. 
Constantine,  vol.  xvii.  p.  127. 

8616.    La  region  entre  Ouargla  et  el-Gol^    Bull.  Soc.  G^ogr.  Paris,  Dec., 

pp.  577  et  seq,,  with  map. 

The  narrative  of  a  march  made  by  a  column  under  General  Gallifet  in  1873. 
(See  anU,  No.  3339.) 

8617.  1876.  Thomas,  Ph.,  V^t^rinaire. — D^couverte  des  Bubalus  antiquus  j\ 
Dje]&.  Joum.  de  ZooL,  t.  iv.  p.  72, 1  plate.  Also  Bull.  Soc  des  Sc.  Phys.  ct 
Climat.  d' Alger. 

861&  1876.  Kostenko,  K  Th. — Beise  im  Nordlichen  Africa.  St  Peterabuig : 
Svo,  pp.  240,  with  maps  of  Algiers,  &c. 

8610.  1876.  Herbert,  Ijady,  of  Iiea. — The  Arab  Christian  yil]s^;«3  in  Algeria. 
The  Month  and  Cath.  Bev.,  vol.  ix.  (xxviiL)  pp.  297-305. 

z  2 


^r! 


H   4827. 


» 


Bemhardi,  E.— tibar  Algier.    Dec  Weliiiandel,  8  J»hr,  Heft  l^ 
pp.  4  4 'J  ci  scj, 

)21.  1877.  Hobin,  H'.— Notes  biBtoriqnca  Bur  k  Grande  Eabyiie  <le  1^30  i,  1838. 
liev.  Afr.,  vol.  xx.  p.  42. 

The  lirae  in  question  is  thut  between  the  fall  of  the  Turkish  government 
uid  tbe  appearance  of  Abd-el-Kadic  in  Kabylio. 
Baa.     1877.     Tftujcier,   L.— Notice   sur  Corijipus   et   aur   la  Johannide,     i 
p.  280. 

The  JobanniJe,  a  Latin  poeni  by  FkviuB  Crcsoonius,  trna  written  in 
sisth  century,  and  oarratea  the  eiploita  of  Johannes  Trogliia,  an  office 
JuatiniaQ,  and  one  of  the  successors  of  BeliBariua  and  Salooion  in  Africa. 

1877.    F^raud,  L.  Ch. — Les  troia  attaquea  den  Espagnols  contra  Alger 
XVIII"  sMe.    1.  c,  p.  300. 

1877.    Trumelst,  C. — Notes  pour  sen-ir  i  Thistoire  de  rinsnrrection  dana 
le  sud  de  la  Province  d'Alger  en  1864.     1.  c,  p.  476. 

jas.     ittudea  sur  los  regions  SaharienneB,     Hiatoire  de  i'inBurrecticKi  dsnl 

le  sud  de  !a  Province  d'Alger  en  1864,     Alger :  8vo,  pp.  232. 

3Se.    1877.     Clamageran,    J.    J.— L'Algerie.    Eev,  G&gr.  Inletn.,  No.  26, 

pp.  299-302,  with  map. 

1877,     Pomel,  J — Le  penple  arabe.     1.  c^  Nos.  19,  20, 
1877.    Wattenwyl,  E.  Moriz  von.— Zwei  Jahre  in  Algerien.    Bcm; 
pp.  447. 

1877.     Caiiro,  A,— Riccordi  dell'  Algeria  prima  della  conquesta  francnit. 
Livomo:  8vo. 

8630.    187T.    Sallea.— Atger,  Boufarik,  Blida,  et  leurs  environs;  guide gdogia- 

phique,  historique   et   pittorciique,   avec  uq   j'lan   d'Alger   et   una  carte  de  UB 

environs  par  0.  MacCartby.     Alger;  ISmo. 

seal.    1877.    TMerry-BIieg,   Ch. — Six    semaines    en    Afrique;    Bouvenin  d 

voyage.     Paris :  12nio.     3rd  edition  published  in  1877,  pp.  356,  With  9  wuodonts. 

M8S.    1877.    F^aud,  Charles,  Inlerprbte  principal  de  I'arm^—La  Calle  H 

documents  pour  aervir  k  I'bisioire  des  anoiennea  conocsaiona  fran^airea  d'Afriqoa 

Alger :  8vo,  pp.  639. 

S83S.     Viaito  an  Pahus  de  Constontine.     Le  Tout  dii  Monde,  Nos.  Mfc 

850,  pp.  225-50. 

8684.  1877.  Demoljr,  Ad.,  Vice-President  du  consell  giaSn.\  d'Alger,^~Cni«U)», 
immediate  d'un  rfticau  giucral  do  chcmins  do  fer  tn  Alg^rie.  TidotUDU  t 
12mo,  pp.  31. 

3686.    1877,    MoUner-Vlolle,  Instituteur. — Prfids  de  g^t^rapbie  hiatoriqne  da 

I'Alg^rie,  avec  14  carles,  ouvrage  courounS  i.  I'e3(|x>aiticu  d'Alger  187ti.     Algers 

8vo,  pp.  55.— See  also  Esploralcur,  No.  78, 1876. 

3836.    1877,    Wilmaims. — Die  Itomische  Lagersiadt  Afriliiis,inO 

philologaj  in  houurem  Thtodori  MomniBcni.     Berol, 
3087.     1877.     F«rron,  Dr. — L'islaniisme,  sou  iuatiiution,  son  £tat  pnbeat,  * 
avenir.    Uuvr.  pustbume,  public  par  son  neveu,  M.  Ailced  Clerc,  i 
principal  de  I'armee  J'Afrique.     Paris ;  18nio. 
3688.    1877.    EdwardeB,  M.  B.— Progress  of  colouisatiou  in  Algcr'n.     Fcaan^ 
Mag.,  vol,  xcvi.  pp.  422-41. 


L 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  330^ 

3689.  1877.  Herbert,  Ijady,  of  Iiea. — ^A  Saint  in  Algeria.  The  Month  and- 
Gath.  Bev.,  voL  x.  (xxix.)  pp.  225  et  aeq. 

Giyes  an  account  of  Margnerette  Bergesio,  who  was  instrumental  in  building 
Notre  Dame  d'Afrique. 

S640.  1877.  Wolff,  G^^n^raL— Le  commerce  de  TAlg^rie  du  cdt^  du  Sahara. 
Lettre  ^la  Chambre  de  Commerce  d' Alger.    L'Exploration,  16th  December,  p.  61. 

3641.  1877.  Duval,  Jules. — L'Alg^rie  et  les  colonies  fran9ai8e8,  avec  une  notice 
biograpbique  sur  Tauteur  par  M.  Levasseur  et  ime  preface  de  M.  Laboulaye. 
Paris  (St.  Denis) :  8vo,  pp.  351.  Reviewed  in  Rev.  Pol.  et  Litt.,  1877,  p.  40,  by 
Maxime  Gaucher. 

3642.  1877.  Iia  Tunisie  et  lea  Chemins  de  Fer  Alg^riens,  avec  une  carte 
des  chemins  de  fer  alg^riens  et  tunisiens  en  exploitation,  en  construction  et  k. 
r^tude.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  31. 

3648.  1877.  Gk>lo22d,  Dr.  K — Station  thermo-min^rale  d'Hammam  Rlrha. 
Alger:  8vo. 

3644.  1877.  Bohlfb,  Dr.  Oerhard.— Sigilmftsa  und  T&filet.  Zeitschrift  der 
Gesellschaft  fur  Erdkimde  zu  Berlin,  No.  5,  p.  335. 

3645.    Teknaund  Nun.    Peterm.  Geog.  MittheiL,  t.  xxiii.  No.  11,  pp.  422- 

426. 

3646.  1877.  Mosenthal,  Julius  de,  and  James  Edward  Harting. — 
Ostriches  and  ostrich  fstrming.    London  :  8vo,  pp.  241. 

At  p.  237  is  a  note  by  Lieut.-Colonel  Playfair  on  ostrich  farming  in  Algeria. 

3647.  1877.  Joret»  HenrL — Sur  quelques  v^gdtaux  cultiv^  en  plein  air  en, 
Alg^rie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  66. 

3648.  1877.  Iiegrand,  Ch.,  Avocat. — ^De  I'organisation  judiciaire  musulmane  en, 
Algdrie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  73. 

3648.  1877.  Boudaire,  Capt. — ^Rimport  ^  M.  le  Ministre  de  I'lnstruction 
publique,  sur  la  mission  des  Ghotts.  Etudes  relatives  au  projet  de  mer  int^rieure. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  115,  avec  carte  du  bassin  des  Ghotts.  From  the  Archives  des 
Missions  Scien.  et  Litt.,  3*  s^rie,  t.  iv. 

A  favourable  article  on  this  report  is  contained  in  '  Nature,'  vol.  xvL  p.  353, 
and  reprinted  in  Littd's  •  Living  Age,'  Boston,  vol  cxxxiv.  pp.  764-66.— See 
also  L'Annte  G^ogr.,  2*  s^r.,  t.  ii.  p.  294. 

3660.    Sur  I'^vaporation  de  la  region  des  Chotts.    R^ponse  h  M.  Angot 

Acad,  des  Sc.,  3rd  Sept 

8651.  1877.  FomeL — ^De  la  mer  int^rieure  du  Sahara  algdrien.  Rev.  Sclent., 
15th  Sept,  p.  257. 

3662.  1877.  Angot,  A. — ^Le  r^irne  des  vents  et  I'^vaporation  dans  la  r^on  des 
Chotts  alg^riens.    Compte  Rendu  de  I'Acad.  des  Sc,  13th  Aug. 

3663.  1877.  line  Mer  Int^rieure.  Anonyme.  Rev.  des  deux  Mondes, 
1st  April. 

3664.  1877.  lie  Chatelier,  H. — ^La  mer  saharienne.  De  I'existence  dans  les 
temps  historiques  d'une  mer  saharienne  en  Alg^rie.  Rev.  Sc.,  6th  Jan.,  pp. 
656-60. 

3065.  1877.  Iieupe,  P.  A. — lijst  van  joumalen  en  verbalen  van  de  reizen  naar 
de  Middellandsche  Zee,  der  schepen  van  oorlog  van  den  staat,  die  de  noordkust 
van  Afrika  enz.  hebbcn  aangcdaan  en  bezocht,  1614-1804.  Tijdachri^t  van  het 
Aardrijksknndig  Genootschap  te  Amsterdam,  No.  4. 


Mfr  A  BiBUOGBAPHY  OF  ALGERIA 

3660.  1877.  Yvon-Vaiaroeau  et  Pav6.~Rap|y)rt  aur  lea  trUTOnx  g*odSaiqo«w 
et  topcgrsphlques  ex^utfs  ea  Algfrie  par  M.  Boudaire  el  sur  ud  projet  de  met 
int^eura  il  exfcuter  nu  aud  de  rAl^irie  et  de  la  Tunisie,  prtsent^  par  M.  Roudaire. 
Comptes  Rend.  Acad.  Sc.,  Tlli,  12th,  and  L'8th  May, 

3657.  1877-  Largeau,  Victor. — Le  Sahara,  Pramior  vajB/gp  d'esploration. 
Paris :  8vo. 

sees.  1377.  Hertz,  C— L'ExpMition  de  M.  Largeau  dans  le  SsliBra  et  i  tnvere 
I'Afrique  Beptentrionale,  with  map.     L'ExpIorateur,  No.  21. 

3859.  1877.  Watbled,  EniBBt.— Souvenir  de  I'ariDife  d'Afrique.  Cii'ta-Con- 
atftiitiue.  Premiiro  espediiion  a  Constanlioe.  Deuii^me  esp&iition  et  priw  de 
Conslantine.  episode  do  1' insurrection  Kabyle  en  1871.  Vumie  d'Afrique  et 
lea  Bureaux  arabex.    Paris :  12mo,  pp.  258. 

3660.  1877.    Le  OSn^rel  de  DivlBion  Baron  Dunieu.    Paris:  12mo,  pp.  8. 
An  obituary  uolice  of  a  hrilliaui,  Algeriiin  iwldicr  who  liad  filled  the  post  of 

Sons^ouverneiir  at  Algiers.     From  the  Moniteur  do  I'Armfe, 

3661.  1877.  Guimet,  Emile.— Aquarelles  Africainos.  ittudes  et  coireepon- 
danceg.     Paria:  12nio,  pp.  213. 

8662.    1877.    lisroy-Beaulleu.— Al<;iiric.     La    popnlatioa   et    la   coloQisatiaa. 

Ber.  G^ogT.  Iniamat.,  Duo.,  p.  310.     From  the  Journ.  dea  Di!bat£. 
3663.    1877.    QouTernement  CMn^ral  OiviL— Sutiatique  g^n^rale  de  I'Alg^ric 

ann^ea  1873-1875,     Alger :  4to,  pp.  526. 

This  volume  contains  the  census  of  Algeria  for  1866,  and  tbo  Imperial 
decree  regarding  the  constitntion  of  properly  amongat  the  Arab  tribaa. 
8664.    fltat  actual  de  I'Altriirie,  publid  d'aprSs  lea  documents  officiels  aons 

la  directiou  de  M.  Le  Myro  de  ¥ilera.     Alger ;  Svo. 
8066.     1877.     Chanzy,  G^n^ral. — ExpoeiS  de  k  aituatiou  de  I'Algdrie.     Consul 

Sup.  de  Gouvcrnemont.     Al^er;  pp.  89. 
Seee.     1877.     Alger.     Question  dea  Eauz.     Alger:  8vo. 

3667.  1877,  Orad,  Ch.— Le3  irrigations  et  lea  barrages.  Itiservoirs  de  TAlgMe 
et  de  l'B«pagoc, 

3668.  1677.  Flayfidr,  Ideut-CoL  H,  L.— Travels  in  the  FootstepB  of  Bnxe 
in  Algeria  and  Tunis.     London,  C.  Kecan  Paul:  4to. 

Bruce  the  tnivellBr  was  Cons ul-Geu era  1  at  Algiers  from  1763  to  1766.  He 
subsequently  made  eKtensive  oxploratiuna  in  Algeria  tiidTuniii,andmagDiflceol 
architectural  drawings  of  all  the  Roman  remains  be  visited,  but  lie  lutt  no 
account  of  his  journey.  These  drawin^ts  are  in  the  possession  of  liia  descendant. 
Lady  Tfaurlow,  The  author  has  |>ublishi?d  an  account  of  hia  journey  over  (he 
ground  traversed  by  Bruce,  illuptratcd  by  fac-similes  of  his  drawings.  This 
work  is  now  very  rare,  as  the  remaining  copies  of  the  edition  were  desmyod  hr 
fire  in  Kegan  Paul's  premises  in  1883. 

Reviews  gn  it  appeared  in  the  IHrnas,  3rd  Dec ;  ^xamlQer,  7th  Nov. ; 
Academy,  15th  Dec;  Scotsman,  14th  Dec;  Spectator,  p.  1628;  Staudard, 
11th  March,  1878i  Daily  News,  2ud  Jan.,  1878;  Athenteum,  22iid  Dec; 
Saturday  Beview,  19tb  Jan.,  1ST8;  Guurdian,  23rd  Jau.,  1876;  Morning 
Poat,  28th  Feb.,  1878 ;  Pall  Mall  Ganelte,  9lh  April.  1878 ;  Magazin  fiir  die 
Literatur  dea  Auslandee,  Berlin,  13th  April,  1878 :  Nature,  23rd  May,  187S. 

3008.    ' Report  on  the  Commerce  of  Algeria  for  1876.    Consular  Commercial 

Keporta,  1877,  p.  527. 

367tt     Report  on  the  Cultivation  of  Eucalyptus  in  Algeria.     1.  c.,  p. 


i35S. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  ALGERIA.  341 

'3671.    1877.    XCaXy   Gustavo,   G}iisul  de   Belgique. — Rapports  Commerciauz. 
Kec  Gona. 

3672.  1877.  li'admiziistration  de  la  justioe  eQ  France  et  en  Algeria. 
Alger :  12mo,  pp.  142. 

3673.  1877.  MiUe,  Inspeoteur  gdndral  des  ponts  et  cbaussdes. — Note  sur  lea 
travaax  de  colonisation  en  Algdrie.  Paris :  8vo,  p.  31,  with  nap  and  plans  on 
a  single  sheet.    From  the  Ann.  des  Ponts  et  Chaussdes,  t.  ziii. 

3674.  1877.  Quinemant,  Jules,  Lieut.-Colonel  en  retraite.— Du  peuplement  et 
de  la  vraie  colonisation  de  I'Algdrie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  94. 

The  author  regards  all  Arabs  as  insurmountable  obstacles  to  French 
civilisation.  This  is  the  enlarged  edition  of  a  brochure  published  at  Gonstantine 
in  1871. 

3675.  1877.  Catalogue  du  Musde  Archdologique  de  Gonstantine.  I  Kec.  des  Not. 
et  Mdm.  de  la  Soc.  Arch,  de  Gonst.,  vol.  xviii.  p.  1. 

3676.  1877.  Etodnte-Marie,  £.  de,  Gonsul  de  France  ^  Haguse. — Sur  la  topo- 
graphie  de  la  premidre  guerre  punique.  1.  c,  p.  309.  Read  at  the  annual 
reunion  of  delegates  from  the  various  societies  at  the  Sorbonne,  19th  April,  187l5. 

3677.  1877.  Brunon,  Golonel  de  Gdnie. — Notice  sur  les  dolmens  et  tumulus  de 
I'Algdrie.    1.  c,  p.  824. 

3678.  1877.  Qoyt. — ^Inscriptions  relevdes  aux  environs  de  Khenchla  et  de  Sdtif. 
1.  c,  p.  344. 

3678.  1877.  Bosredon,  Capitaine  de. — Inscriptions  recueillies  ^  T^bessa  et 
aux  environs  pendant  les  ann^  1876-7.    1.  c,  p.  356. 

3680.    Promenade  arch^logique  dans  les  environs  de  T^bessa.    1.  c,  pp.  382 

et  seq, 

•3681.  1877.  Mercier,  B. — Abd-er-Rahman,  Bey  de  Gonstantine  (1694).  1.  c, 
p.  428. 

.3682.  1877.  Beboud,  Dr.  V. — Quelques  mots  sur  les  stales  n^-puniques  d^u- 
vertes  par  Lazare  Gosta.     L  c,  p.  434,  with  illustrations. 

•3683.  1877.  Foulle,  A. — Inscriptions  de  la  Mauritanie  S^tifienne '  et  de  la 
Numidie.    1.  c,  pp.  463  et  seq. 

.3684^  1877.  Mberling,  XL — Den  Franske  Eolonisation  af  Algerien.  D.  Danske 
GeograL  Selsk.  Tidskr.,  p.  110. 

.3685.  1877.  I>ui>onoliel,  A. — Le  chemin  de  fer  de  I'Afrique  Gentrale.  Paris : 
8vo,  pp.  44.    From  the  Gazette  de  France. 

Le  chemin  de  fer  de  TAlg^rie  au  Soudan.    L'Explorateur,  No.  28. 


.3687.    1877.    Guy,  O. — La  mission  de  M.  Duponchel  en  Algdrie,  et  le  projet  de 
chemin  de  fer  central  africain.    L'Explor.,  No.  34,  p.  167. 

Le  commerce  et  Pavenir  des  hauts  plateaux.    Rev.  G4ogr.  Intemat., 


No.  14,  p.  283. 

Alg^rie.    Sauterelles  et  s^heresses.    1.  c.  No.  25,  April,  p.  97. 


3690.     1877.    Daudet,    Alphonse. — Aventures    prodigieuses    de    Tartarin    de 
Taraaoon.    Paris:  8vo. 

A  most  amusing  caricature.    Many  editions,  the  fiftieth  in  1887,  illustrated. 

.3681.    1877.    Kouropatkine. — Algeria.    St.  Petersburg :  8vo. 

A  work  in  Russian,  containing  statistical  and  military  tables;  with  remarks 
on  the  population  in  general,  and  csi)ecially  on  the  Kabyles. 


312  A  BlBUOGKAPHi'  W  ALGERU, 

3692      1877.     Sugas,   le  Pfere   Joaeph.— Ln   Kabylie    et   le   pcuple   Kab^Ie. 

Paris :  12nio,  pp.  26G. 

The  author  cs^iccinlly  enters  into  tlie  subject  of  ccclcBiasticBl  achools  in 
Eabflii. 
8098.    1877,    Robert,  C— La  siiualion  [irdsente  .ie  I'Alg^rie.    L'Explorateiir. 

3894.    Les  oliemi:is  de  fer  de  I'Algdrie.    1.  c 

S8B5,     1877.    Bianolii,  SocrdUire  Interprete  liu  Roi. — Bulation  de  rarrivfc  dans 

la  rade  d' Alger  ilu  vBiaBsau  de  H.M.  La  Provence  sous  les  ordres  de  M.  lo  Comtc 

de  k  Brsttuniii^re,  et  ddioils  de  I'iDgulte  faite  au  pavilion  du  Rd  de  France  par  lea 

Algiriena  Ic  3  aoflt  1829.     Hev.  Afr.,  vol.  ui,  p.  409, 
8699.     1877.     Fdraud.  Ii.  Ch.— Cauaes  de  I'abandon  du  comptoir  do  CMlo  (<«■  la 

Compagnie  Fraofaiso  en  179G.   This  article  is  hastd  on  documents  of  the  CMmr«uiy, 

preserved  in  the  library  at  Algiera.     I.  c,  pp.  124  et  r.q. 
3697.    1877.    Plattera,  P.— L'Afriijne  septentrionale  ancienne.     1.  c,  pp.  153 

8698.    1877.    Iieapinaaae,  K,  Interprfete. — Notice  Mir  le  Hachem  do  Maacntn. 

The  inbabitauta  of  the  fertile  plain  of  Egris,  near  Mascara.     I.  c,  ]i.  HI. 
870(h    1877.    Tincent;,  Iiieutenant  M.  £. — Fouillos  ex^'culees  u  Aui~Kebiia 

(Proyince  de  Constaatinu). 
8701.     187T.    Qautier,  Tli6opliile.— L"Orient.    I'aris :  12mo,  2  to!. 

The  last  few  pages  oi;ly,  pp.  332-90,  vol.  ii.,  arc  devoted  lo  Algeria. 

8705.  1877.    Bmch,  'Dr.  Edrnond.— De  la  maladie  de  k  picrre  it  Alger  e 
les  environs.     Alger;  8vo,  pp.  47,  2  plates.     From  L' Alger  M&iical. 

3703.  1877.  Durrwell,  Eugene.  —  Gi-ologie  de  la  province  d'Oran — Cbimic 
a^cole — Mcleorologie — Notes  diveraes.     Paris ;  12ino,  pp.  45. 

3704.  1877.  JeaiiTrot,  Viotor,  Substitut  du  Procureur  de  la  IMpubliqoe  i 
Ajaccio. — La  Ii^gislatioa  de  I'Alg^rie,  Comprenant  I'^iat  actnel  de  I'cir^anisalion 
politique,  administralivc,  communale,  d  ^partem  en  tale,  jiidicinire,  4c.  Paris: 
8to,  pp,*  76.     From  the  Hev.  critique  de  L^gis.  et  de  Jurisprud. 

8706,  1877.  Bartlierand,  Ht.  1L  Zl — Lea  orphelinats  de  colonisatioa  k  propoa 
du  peuplement  de  rAig£ric  eoi:s  les  lapjiorts  ethnologiquc  et  by^daique  dn 
immigrants.    Alger:  8vo,  pp.  50. 

3700.    1877.    Bernard,    "Dr.    Charles   Claude.  —  Notice    topograph iiiiie    et 

medicAlc  de  In  ]ilaine  de  I'kser.     Blida  :  12mo,  pp.  50. 
3707.    1877.    Uaaqueray,  le  FrofeBseur  fmile.— Hspport  i\  M.  le    Q6uini 

Chanzy,  Couvemeur  general  de  I'Algerie,  sur  ia  mission  daus  le  sud.     Tliamgad. 

Itev,  Afr.,  vol.  ax,  pp.  1Ij4  tt  uq. 

The  best  description  biiberto  publi^tbcd  of  the  intercBting  ruins  of  Tb8iimi;a& 
— See  also  L'Annfe  G&gc,  Z'  sf-r.,  t,  i,  p.  SB;  and  l!cv,  Afr,  vol.  sxi.  ]>.  409, 
870B.    Deazieme  Bspport  but  la  mission  dans  le  «id  do  b  provi&(»  de 

ConBtautiae.    1,  c 

8700.    DocumenlB  historiqueB  reciieillis  dans  I'AurSs  (juillet  1870).    L  c. 

8710.    1877.    Dnveyrier,    HenrL  —  Le    Cliccliar    ct    bcs    habitants    d'aprta 

M.  Masqueray,    L'Ann.  GfoRT-i  2*  afir.,  t.  ii.  p.  281. 
3711.    1877,    Narbonne,  Henri,  Avocat.  —  H^ijertoiro  de  jurispradenoe  nlgi- 

liennc,  conlcnnnt  I'nnnTysc  somniaire  et  le  ctnssenicnt  mi'thodique  dc  tontvs  1m 


4 


lie  dc  lonlvs  IM  i 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  343 

decisions  importaDtes  rendues  par  la  cour  d' Alger,  &c.,  1857-76.    Alger :  8vo, 
pp.  657. 

3712.    1877.    Soleillet,  PauL— UAfrique  occidentale  (Alg^rie,  Mez&b,  Tidikelt). 
Paris :  12mo,  pp.  280,  with  map. 

8718.  1877.  Thomas,  Ph.  —  Eecherchea  dans  la  n^cropole  m^;;alitliique  de 
Signs.  Bnll.  Soc.  des  So.  d' Alger,  p.  105,  pi.  1 ;  Mat^riaux  pour  I'hist.  prim,  et 
nat.  de  Thomme,  pp.  27-32. 

3714.    Le  tumnlus  d'ATn-M'lila  Dept.  de  Constantioe.    Bull.  Soc.  des  Sc. 

d'Alger,  pp.  1-10. 

8715.    Ddconverte  d'nne  station  humaine  de  I'&ge  de  la  pierre  taillee  &  ATn- 

el-Bey,  Constantine.    L  c,  pp.  37-52,  pi.  1. 

8716.  1877.    MacCarthy,  O.— L'Alg6rie  analyst.    8vo. 

8717.  1877.    Audry,  P.— L'Alg^rie.    Paris :  8ro,  pp.  166. 

3718.  1878.  Simdelin,  H.,  Cons.  Gen.  Sweden  and  Norway. — (Consular  Eeport, 
see  Berattelser  om  bandel  och  sjofart,  Stockholm,  No.  2,  pp.  47-50. 

8719.  1878.  Duxnont,  Henri. — Alger,  ville  d'hiver.  Notes  de  voyage.  Paris : 
8vo,  pp.  238. 

3720.  1878.  Seg^uin,  Miss  L.  G. — ^Walks  in  Algiers  and  its  surroundings. 
London :  8vo,  pp.  502,  map  and  plates. 

8721.  1878.  Gavoy,  Dr. — Notice  sur  Tizi-Ouzou — ^historique — climatologie — 
constitution  m^dicale.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  63,  with  plans. 

* 

3722.    1878.    Une  question  de  droit  mixte.      Alger:  8vo,  pp.  157. 

The  question  arose  from  the  sale  of  real  property  by  an  Arab  to  a 
Frenchman. 

9728.  1878.  Pabiani,  H. — Souvenirs  d'Alg^rie  et  d'Orient.  Paris:  12mo^ 
pp.  169. 

3724.  1878.  Wood,  Sir  Bichard,  G.C.M.G. — La  question  des  Ghotts  alg^riens. 
Traduit  de  I'anglais.    Marseille :  8yo,  pp.  12,  with  map. 

The  author  propounds  his  theory  that  the  Lake  of  Triton  is  the  inland  arm 
of  the  sea  south  of  the  island  of  Djerba. 

8726.  1878.  Dugas,  J. — ^La  Eabylie  et  le  peuple  kabyle.  Paris:  12mo, 
pp.  266,  with  map. 

872a    1878.    Constantine  in  Algerien.    Das  Ausland,  No.  17,  p.  336. 

3727.  1878.  Du  Maset,  A. — ^Un  projet  d'immigration  beige  en  Algdrie.  Bull. 
Soc.  de  G^ogr.  Comm.  Bordeaux,  No.  7,  p.  137. 

3728k  1878.  Iiegrand,  M. — En  Afrique.  Hecherches  d'une  station  hivemale 
sur  les  c6tes  d*Alg^rie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  61. 

8729.  1878.  Alger.  Topographie  agricole.  £tat  de  I'agriculture  alg^rienne. 
Alger :  8vo^  pp.  195. 

8780.  1878.  Wahl  et  Moliner-Violle. — G^graphie  ^l^entaire  de  TAlgdrie 
accompagn^  d'un  atlas.    Alger :  32mo,  9  maps. 

8781.  1878.  James,  William. — ^The  Naval  History  of  Great  Britain  from  the 
declaration  of  war  with  France  in  1793  to  the  accession  of  George  lY.  A  new 
edition,  with  additions  and  notes.    Loudon :  6  vol.  12mo. 

In  vol.  vi.  is  an  account  of  the  battle  of  Algiers  in  1816. 


144  A  BIBLlOGIUrHV  OF  ALGERIA. 

1782.    1878.    Booms,  le  GinAral  P.  &.— I^n  mimrschalk  van  hot  tw«rf< 

ktizerrijk  ea  evaa  fransclie  kulonie.     Stiidiun  over  Algeriii,  door  P,  G.  Booms  roe 
(li-ie  BcUotsltaiirtan.     Sgravunlinga  (La  Haye) :  8vo,  pp.  210. 
}733.    13TS.    Aubanel,  A.,  et  J.  Maistre,— Motes  ear  rAlgorie.    Ntmes:  8to 
pp.  "■!.     Mere  platitudes. 


SargoB,  Champonliet  da.— L'Algeiii',  ancieune,  actuellc  et  future, 
.p.  47. 

Drohojowska,  ComtesBa,— L'Als^rle  fraii9aiBe.     P»ris :  ISmo. 
BeyeiTDan,  H. — Drie  niaaiidsn  in  Algeria.      Gravenh^e :  2  Tol. 


3734.     1878. 

Lyon;  8vo, 

373B.    1878. 

5756.  1878. 
Hvo. 

5757.  1878,     LandowHki,  E.--L'Alg<5rie  ikns  les  affections  coiisomptives,  &c. 
Paris:  8vo,  pp.  77. 

3738.     18T8.     Dubief,  Dr.  Fsmand. — Note  sur  la  station  roinerab  d'Hammam 
R'irha.    Alger:  8vo,  pp.  30. 


5789.     1878.    ThomaB,  Ph.,  Vi-tdrinain 
Emyg  ilii  Maosoiirab,  pr^  CunsUutiiie. 

8740.    Recherchea  sur  ies  s^piiUu 

ptia  CoDstantine.      Paris:  8to,  pp.  32. 
Anihro. 


— Note  sur  una  tortue  fossile  de  genre 
iluv.  das  Sc.  Nat.,  June. 
es  aticieuuea  des  environs  d'Ain-el-Bey, 
Fi'om  Comptea  Hend.  du  Congr.  dcs  Sc. 


3741.     1878.     Hofflnan.— Indes  graramaticuB  ad  Africa  provinciarum  Tripoli- 

tanre,  Bizaccniu  procoQNulnria  tituloa  l^ttlnnti.     Argentotati. 
£742.     1878.     Boissidre,    Q.— Esqnisae    d'une   bistuire   de   Is  conquSta   at    do 

Fadminist ration  roinaino  daas  le  ooid  de  rA&ique  et  [larticuUdreniont  dans  la 

province  de  Nuniidic.     P.tris  ;  8vo,  pp.  439. 

Beviewed  by  Paul  Gaffarel  in  Rev.  Polit.  et  Litt.,  1879,  p.  C7. 
3748.    1878.    Duponoliol,  A. — Le  ohemiu  de  fer  trans-Sabarien.     UoLatpelliei : 

8vo,  pp.  371,  with  mnp. 
9744.    Duponohel,  A.^Le  cliemin  da  fer  du  Sotidnn.     Sue.  Longned.  de  G^ugr., 

vol.  L  p.  81,  rjiii[j. 
S746.    1878.    D'Oran  a  I'oaoia  de  I'Oued  Guir.    Spect.  MiUt.,  Nor.  1878  and 

Jan.  1879,  with  map. 

3746.  1878.  Bolmaider,  Br.  Othon,  and  I>r.  Haaa.— Ber  kiiuiatische  Kurort 
Algior.    Vol.  iii.    Voo  Algier  nach  Oran  und  Tlem^en.    Dresden:  12ido,  pp,  21B. 

Bach  vol.  treats  of  a  departmeat.    Dr.  Schneider  edits  those  of  Algiers  and 
Ccpnatantine  ;  Dr.  Haas  that  of  Oraa. 

3747.  1878.  Iietoumeuz,  A.  —  Du  d^cliiffrement  dea  inacriptiona  libyco- 
biTb^ree.  Extrait  des  Actes  du  iv'  CongrSs  International  des  OrientaUsteB  le 
13  sept.  1878.    8vo,  pp.  19. 

3748.  1878.  Duveyriar,  Hanri.— Note  sur  le  schiame  IMdite,  Bull,  do  la  Sot 
do  Gdog.  de  Paris,  juUiet,  p.  75. 

8740.     La  vuie  natureile  iudiqufie  pour  le  commerce  de  I'Aigdrie  avec  Is 

Nigritie.    Coogr.  intern,  d.  Scien.  Gd^.  Paris,  vol.  L  p.  516. 

3750.  1878.  ItanvalHo  de  Laoheae,  Dr. — Les  races  latines  dans  la  Beibdria 
Boptentrionaie.     Limoges  :  8vo,  pp.  IG. 

3751.  1878.  Playfair.  Lieut-Colonel  R.  L.— flpiaodca  de  ITilstoiw  des 
relations  de  la  Grande' Bretagne  avec  les  llltuts  Baibaresqites  avast  la  conqafiM 
fran^aise.    Rev.  Afr.,  vol.  xzil.  pp.  305  et  stq. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY-  OF  ALGERIA.  846 

3752.  1878.  Flayftdr,  Iiieut-CoL  B.  Ii. — Report  on  the  Trade  and  Commerce 
of  Algeria  for  1876-7.  .  Consular  Commercial  Reports,  1878,  p.  329. 

8763.    Report  on  the  capabilities  of  Algeria  as  a  Wine-producing  coimtry. 

I  c,  1878,  p.  1034. 

3764.     ■  Supplementary  reix)rt  on  the  culture  of  Eucalyptus.    1.  c,  p.  1039. 

3755.  1878.  FosBati-Beyneri,  G. — Lo  stato  attuale  della  colonizzazione  fran- 
cese  in  Algeria.    BoUet.  Consol.,  No.  6. 

3756.  1878.  Toi>ograpliie  Agrioole. — ]6tat  de  Tagriculture  algcrienne.  Work 
published  by  the  Comice  Agricole  d'Alger.    Alger :  15  Nos.  8vo. 

3757.  1878.  Bastide. — ^L'agriculture  dans  le  d^partement  d'Oran.  Rapport  sur 
le  concours  des  exploitations  pour  la  prime  d'honneur  en  1877.    Oran :  '8vo. 

3768.  1878.  Commeroe,  Chambre  de. — R^glements  et  tarifs  des  docks  et 
magasins  g^n^raux  (d'Oran),  avec  snlles  de  ventes.    Oran :  8vo. 

3758.    Expose  des  travaux  de  la  Chambre  de  commerce  d'Alger.    Exercices 

1876  et  1877.    Alger :  8vo. 

3700.  1878.  Chanzy,  G^n^raL— Expos(5  de  la  situation  de  I'Alg^rie.  Cons. 
Sup^r.  de  GKjuvem.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  101. 

3761.  1878.  Foxnely  S^nateur. — R^ponse  au  discours  prononc^  par  le  G^ndral 
Chanzy,  sur  la  situation  de  TAlg^rie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  45. 

3762.    Le  projet  de  mer  int^rieure  et  le  Seuil  de  Gab^s.    Rev.  G6ogr. 

Intemat.,  Nos.  29,  30,  and  31. 

The  author  denies  that  the  Chotts  ever  communicated  with  the  Mediter- 
ranean. 

3763.  1878.  Parquet,  Ii. — La  mer  int^rieure  et  ses  contradicteurs.  L'Explora- 
tion,  No.  79,  p.  236. 

3764.  1878.  Wattle  Bark.  Report  of  the  Board  of  Enquiry,  together  with  a 
statement  showing  the  profit  to  bo  derived  from  the  systematic  cultivation  of 
wattles  (Australian  acacias).    Melbourne.     By  authority.    8vo,  pp.  27. 

3766.  1878.  FiUias,  AohiUe.— Notice  sur  les  for§ts  de  I'Alg^rie.  Leur  ^tendue, 
leurs  essences,  leurs  produits.  (Exposition  Universelle  de  Paris  en  1878.)  Alger: 
8vo,  pp.  48. 

3766.  1878.  Belev^  gtotoal  des  incendies  forestiers  survenus  pendant  I'ann^ 
1878.    Alger :  4to,  pp.  32.    Published  by  the  Gouvemement  G^n^ral  CiviL 

3767.  1878.  Flambart,  A.--Culture  de  Teucalyptus  en  Aig^rie.  L'Exploration, 
No.  84,  pp.  389-93. 

376a  1878.  Vallanoe,  Heniy  Wellington,  of  Moorgate  House,  London. — 
Historical  memoir  of  the  mines  of  Taghit  el-Lotani,  Algeria.  London :  pp.  53, 
and  map. 

These  contain  quicksilver,  lead,  and  other  metals,  and  are  situated  in  the 
Aurds  Moimtains.  lliey  were  conceded  by  the  French  government  to  Mr. 
Yallance. 

3769.  Jus,  H.,  Directeur  des  Travaux  de  Sondages. — Les  sondages  art^iens  de 
la  province  de  Constantino,  et  les  oasis  de  TOued  Rir.    Batna,  pp.  14. 

Addressed  to  the  jury  of  the  Algerian  section  of  the  Exposition  Universelle 
de  Paris  (1878).    This  is  a  resume  of  the  work  executed  from  1856-78. 

-8770.  1878.  Les  forages  art^siens  de  la  province  de  Constantine.  B^m6  des 
travaux  exteut^  de  1856  k  1878.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  97,  with  map. 


M 


346  A  BIBUOGRAPHV  OF  ALGERIA. 

3771.  18T8.  ToiBB  f^rr^BB. — Docaments  relatifs  au  olssacment  el  sii  traoJ  Sps 
lignes  ferrfiea  de  k  province  d'Ora.n  (documents  rfunia  par  ordre  du  Conwil 
g^n^ral  et  par  lea  eoias  des  d^l^uea  d^si};a^  par  le  Conseil  pour  aller  aouteoir  4 
Paris  lea  intdrSts  ^ODomiques  dn  di^partemcDt).  £iude  hut  leg  nonTeaiu 
imp6t8  proJDt6a  et  aur  la  ligau  ferrte  qui  doit  Ueflservir  Tlempen.  Parallfilo  entre 
lea  Irois  projots.     Oran,  8vo,  witli  map. 

3772.  1878.     Iiea  Commleaaires    d^l^gu^s    du    Gouvemement    GSn^ral.- 
Catalogue  special  coulouaut  des  renscigtiomunU  stiiliHtiques  et  des 
priDcipanx  produits  a^ncoles  et  industrials  de  la  colonie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  190.' 

3775.  1878.    QouTernement  O^u^ral  de  I'AIg^rio. — Catalogae  nuBoand 
coIlectioDs  «poa6es  jiar  le  setrioe  des  forfits.     Exposition   Unlvewelle  de  1878. 
Alger:  8to,  pp.  105. 

8774.  1878.  Hard^.A. — L'Algfirie  ngnmomiqtte devant I'ExpoBition Umveraelle. 
Alger :  12mo,  pp.  32.  ■ 

3776.  1878.    ITotioe  sur  les  Marbraa  du  FilfUa.— Paria :  12nio,  pp.  16.      fl 
ITieae  are  the  property  of  Mr.  Georges  Le-Sueur,  of  Pbilippcviile,  H 

3776.  1878.  Foxkyajuie,  Iniiouieur  des  Minea.— Notice  minfiralc^ique,  diparte- 
menta  d'Alger  el  d'Oran.  Eipaailion  Univ.  de  Paris  en  18T8.  Alger:  8vo, 
pp.  61. 

3777.  1878.  Notice  MinSralogiiiue  sur  lo  d^partemeot  d'Oran.  L'Eiplota- 
tion,  No.  77.     A  rfoumc  of  tlie  Tablenii  general  des  minesi,  etc. 

3778.  1887.  Fdraud,  L.  Charles.— Alg^rie,  archijologie  et  histoire.  Expos, 
Univ.  de  Paria.     Al^er :  8vo,  pp.  32, 

3779.  1878.    Maaqueray,  Frof.  £iiiile. — Exploration  liistoriqueet  Ungnii 
cliez  lea  Belli  M'/ab.     Bull.  Soc.  Gfogr.  i'aris,  July. 

378a    L©  Djebel  Cliechar.    Rev.  Afr.,  vol.  iiii.  p.  26.— See  No.  3710. 

S781.     Ruines  ancicnnes  de  Khenchia  (Mascula)  fL  Besseriani  (ad  majorat). 

I.  0.,  pp.  Hi  e(  aeq.     Publisl.i'd  separately  in  1879,  No.  3812. 
878S.    Les  obroniquca  du  M'zab.    Lettre  adresefe  k  M.  Duveyrier.    Bull. 

Soc.  Giogr.  I^ria,  July,  p.  75. 
3788.     1878.     X.  X.  X.— L'homme  qui  tue!  (Les  Bureaux  arabes  souh  le  second 

Empire).     Lo  Ventre  dc  Lalla-Fdthiiiia.     Broxclles:  12ino,  pp.  269. 
8784.     1878.     Seignette,  N.,  Intorprutc  militaire. — Code  musulmaa  par  Kkalil 

(Rite  malekite — stAtut  reel).     Toxtc  arabe  et  notivelle  tradnetion.     CoDStantioe : 

Sto,  p]i.  749. 

A  commission  charged  to  examine  this  work  reported  that  it  wa*  of  inoOD- 
tealablo  utility,  and  recommended  it  for  the  use  of  laagiatralcs,  &c. 
37B6.     1878.     Mdmolre  sur  la  propri^t^  foncifre  en  Alg6rie.     Alger :  8ro,  ppw  3L 
3788.     1878.    rromentin,  E.— Saliara  et  Sahel.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  40i. 
3787.     1878.     Pifre.— L'Al^erie.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  62. 
8788.     1878.      Ferrier,    Colonel. — Determination   des  longitudes,   latitude!' 

azimuta  tecrestres  en  Algfrie.     Paris,  DejiCt  de  la  Guerre,  4to. 

8788.     1878.      Telller,    J. — Essai     et    ftude    positiviste    sur    le    sud    algerien. 

Bruxelles:  8to. 
3780.    1878.    Amaud.— Voyages    eitraordinaires    et    nouvelW   sgrjables    par 

Mohammed  Abon  Itas  ben  Ahmed  ben  Abd-el-Eader,  en-Naari.    Translated 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  347 

from  the  Arabic.     Histoire  de  TAfrique  septentrionale.    Rev.  Afr.,  vol.  xxii. 
pp.  434  et  seq, 

3791.  1878.  Ftoaud,  Ii.  Ch. — Zerdjioua  et  Zooar'a.  Notes  historiques  sur  la 
province  de  GonstantiDe. 

3782.  1878.  Grammont,  H.  D.  de. — Quel  est  le  lieu  de  la  mort  d'Aroudj 
Barbarousse?    1.  c,  p.  388. 

The  author  maintains  that  this  took  place  at  the  Rio  Salado,  on  the  road 
from  Oran  to  Tlem9en. 

8788.    1878.    Certenz,  A. — Le  n^flier  du  Japon.    Alger :  12mo,  pp.  14. 

8784.  1878.  Choisnet,  Henry. — ^Yaria.  Impressions  de  France  et  de  I'Algdrie. 
Tours :  8vo,  pp.  100. 

The  second  part,  from  p.  55,  is  devoted  to  poems  on  Algeria. 

3786.  1878.  Battandier  et  Trabut. — Contribution  ^  la  florale  des  environs 
d* Alger.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  33. 

8786.  1879.  Bulletin  de  la  Soci^t<$  de  G6)graphie  de  la  Province  d*Oran. 
Commenced  in  1879. 

The  Society  was  inaugurated  on  the  14th  July,  1878. 

8787.  1879.  Gi^goire,  J. — Les  volcans  et  les  tremblomonts  de  terrc.  Con- 
ference faite  ^  la  Soci^t^  de  Geographic  d'Oran  ^  la  s^nce  d'inauguration, 
14  juillet  1878.    Bull.  Soc.  G^r.  Oran,  vol.  i.  pp.  46  et  seq, 

3786.    1879.    Note  sur  la  jouctiou  trigonom^trique  hispaLo-alg^rienne.  I.  c,  p.  67. 

8788.  1879.    Notice  sur  le  combat  de  Sidi-Brahim.    1.  c,  p.  92. 

8800.  1879.    Demaeght,  Major. — Ouargla.    1.  c,  p.  82. 

8801.  1879.  Sabatier,  Juge  du  Tribunal  de  Blida. — G^rapbie  physique  du 
Sahara  central    1.  c,  p.  330. 

1879.    Morsier,  F.  da—Le  Sahara.    Le  Globe,  No.  1,  pp.  8-38. 

1879.    Eden,  Charles  H.— The  White  Lily  of  the  great  Sahara.    A 
romance  of  the  Algerian  tribes  imder  Abd-cl-Kader.    London  :  8vo,  pp.  356. 

1879.    Largeau,  V. — Le  pays  de  Rirha,  Ouargla.    Voyage  ^  Bhadam^. 
Paris :  pp.  413,  map  and  plates. 

The  author's  object  was  to  reach  the  Niger  from  Algeria,  but  he  penetrated 
no  further  than  31°  N.  lat,  after  staying  at  Ouargla. 

Le  Sahara.    L'Exploration^  No.  113. 

Flore  saharicnne.      Histoires    et  l^gendes,  traduites   de   Tarabe. 


Geneve :  8vo,  pp.  228. 

This  has  nothing  to  do  with  the  botany  of  the  district 

8806.  1879.    Bou88et,  Camille.~La  conqu^te  d'Alger.    Paris :  8vo^  pp.  291. 

8807.  1879.  Daudet,  Ernest.— -Les  origines  d  une  colonic,  d'aprds  les  r^cents 
historiens  de  la  conquSte  d' Alger.    Bev.  des  deux  Mondes,  15th  Dec. 

8806.  1879.  Adam,  £. — Conference  sur  TAfrique  septentrionale.  Bruxelles: 
8vo,  pp.  32,  with  map. 

8808.  1879.  Bertherand,  Dr.  XL — Bapport  sur  Hammam-Melouane.  1.  Valeur 
m^dicale  de  ses  eaux.  2.  Leur  conduite  k  la  plaine.  3.  Climat  de  Bovigo.  Alger : 
12mo,  pp.  16,  with  map. 


846  A  ISIBUOGRAPHT  OF  ALGERIA. 

8810.  1379.  Monnet,  Q.,  Phariiiucion. — Curicuses  concretions  des  etaa  d'Htm- 
miim  Dou  Hadjar,  iiruvince  d'Urau.     Alger ;  8vo,  pp.  i. 

8811.  1879.  OoBeon,  E.— Le  r6giie  v^g^tal  ea  Algfrie,  Taiie:  8vi>,  pp.  TG. 
—See  also  reterm.  Geogr.  Mittb.,  p.  33. 

S81S.  1879.  Hftequer&y,  Simile. — Ruicea  oncieuQes  de  Khecclieta  (Hascola)  k 
BesBeriani  (aj  majores),     Alger:  8to,  pp.  59. 

S618.     Note  concBmaat  !ea  Aoulad  Daoud  do  Mont  Aur^    Alger :  12iua. 

pp.  40,  with  a  maps. 

S814.    Comparaison  d'nn  YocahuUiro  du  dialecte  dea  Zemaga  ^o  S&iigal 

avec  les  vocabulairea  cgrregpoadants  des  dialectes  dea  Chawia  el  des  Beni  Mnbt 
Parig :  8vo,  pp.  61.     Arch,  des  Miss.,  at*ris  iii.,  t.  v. 

381fi.    Chronique  d'Abou  Zakaiia,  publide  pour  la  pn?mijre  fois,  iiadtut« 

et  commentfie  piir  ,  .   .  ,     Alger:  8vo,  pp.  kiii.  and  410, 

Tho  iotrodnction  narratta  tbe  manner  in  which  M.  Maaqtiemy  obtained 
permission  to  copy  this  volume,  one  of  the  moat  treasurod  records  of  the  lUtai 
M'zab. 

3816.  1879.  Coyne,  Capitaine  A- — Le  M'zab.  Alger :  8vo,  pp.  41  and  map. 
From  the  lievuu  Africaiiic  (at)  So.  3857). 

3817.  1879.  Moucbez,  Contre-Amiral. — Instructions  nautiques  sar  lea  cUtn  d6 
TAlgfeie.  Publication  of  the  DcjiOt  des  Cartca  et  Plana  de  la  Marine,  No.  608.  Puis. 
No.  622  contains  information  regarding  the  eastern  basin  of  the  Ucditemnean, 
inoloding  Tripoli,  the  Island  of  I>jorba,  and  El-Arish.  Paris:  8vo,  1880,^— Sm 
also  Compto  Rendu  de  I'Asaoc.  Fr.  pour  I'ftvonce.  des  Sciences,  Alger,  1881, 
p.  996. 

3818.  1879.  BroBselard,  Charles,  Sous-prefet  of  Tlemfen.— Tlem?en  et  Tiiii- 
bouctou. 

On  the  coniiTicrco  between  Algeria   and  the  Soudan  i  it  appeared  in  tho 
Akhbar,  and  was  reprinted  In  tho  llcvue  de  GeosraphJe,  1879,  Paris. 
8818.     1879.     Qaaeau  de  Vantibaiilt,  T.  P. — La  France  au  cccur  de  I'A&ique. 

Biscours  prononcfi  devant  la  Socl^t^  Geograpbiqae  Commerciale. — See  also  Bull. 

Soo,  G^gr.  Oron.  vol.  i.  p.  39. 
3830.     1879.     Baint  Hartin,  M.  Vivien  de. — NouTeau  DicUouuuie  de  G£i>- 

grapbie  universellc.     Paris:  4to. 

Three  vols,  have  already  appeared,  A  to  K.    In  vol.  i,  p.  73,  there  is  in 
article  on  Algeria,  containing  a  chronological  table  and  biblii^raphy. 
3821.     1879.    Parquet,  Uodame  de. — Une  excursion  i  Biskra,    Ber.  des  deux 

Mondea,  15th  April. 
8822.    1879.    Cbavaime,  Dr.  J.— Die  Sahara  oder  Von  Oase  zu  Oaae.    Bildcr 

am  dpiii  Natur-  und  Volkslebeu  in  der  grossen  afrikonischen  Wiiste.     ^^'ien ;  8vo, 

])p.  639,  map  of  the  Sahara,  witli  the  travellers'  routes,  7  chromolithograplu  and 

65  cuts  in  the  text — a  compilation  of  various  journeys, 
3823.    1879.    Kiel,  O. — Biae  ct  ses  environs,  ■with  a  map  and  plan  of  the  tows, 

Bdne:  12mo,  pp.  112. 
3834.     1879.    I.a  Quoetioii  Algdrlenne.     Extraiis  do  la  SoUdaritc.     Alg«r: 

8vo.  pp.  62. 
3825.     1879.    VUbart,  J.— Yosmiua,  ricit  de  m<curs  kabyles.    Rev.  ■ 

blondes,  5  th  Aug, 


ev.  des  dens^  JL^| 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  319' 

S826L    1879*    Salvador  Daniel,  Foo. — La  musique  arabe,  ses  rapports  avec  la 
musique  greoque,  et  le  chant  gr^goricn.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  164. 
This  first  appeared  in  the  '  Bevue  Africaine,'  1862-3. 

3827.  1879.  Ratheau. — L'Alg^rie  vue  k  tiro  d'ailes,  ou  lettres  d'un  oiseau  de 
passage.    Paris:  12mo. 

8828.  1879.  I«aatoine,  Hemi. — Un  illuming  du  paganisme  au  n*  sidcle  de  I'dre 
chr^tienne,  Apal^  de  Madaure.    Eev.  Pol.  et  Litt.,  2*  s^r.,  t.  xvii.  pp.  66-67. 

8828.  1879.  Trabut,  Ij. — fitudes  critiques  but  les  fifivres  de  I'Alg^rie.  Bull,  de 
I'Ass.  Scient.    Alger :  pp.  1-78. 

3880.  1879.  Tizier  et  Delamotte,  Y^Urinaires  miUtaires  &  Alger.-^Du  farcin 
d'Afnque  (&rcin  chronique).    Paris :  8vo. 

M^aille  d'or  de  la  soci^t4  centrale  de  m^ecine  v^t^riuaire. 

8881.  1679.  IiandowBki,  Dr.  Edward. — Contribution  k  I'^tude  da  climat 
alg^rieUy  aveo  un  notice  sur  I'lnstitut  Sanitaire.  Paris:  8vo,  pp.  21,  with 
3  illustrations. 

3882.  1879.*  Del  Monte. — Notice  sur  les  anciennes  carri^res  de  marbres  numidi- 
qucs  exploits  autrefois  par  les  I^omains  et  ddcouvertes  par  .  .  .  dans  la  commune 
de  Either  pr^  du  port  d'Arzew.    Paris :  4to,  pp.  14,  2  maps. 

8888.  1879.  Bouijot,  Dr.  A.  A.— G^g^e  du  double  massif  du  Sahel  d'Alger 
et  des  promontoires  qui  limitent  ses  rivages.  Alger  :  8vOy  pp.  170,  aveo  cartes  et 
plans  par  F.  A.  Moliner- Violle. 

3884.  1879.  Boxutoxn,  [E.,  M6decin  v^t^rinaire. — Lettre  k  M.  le  Gouvemeur 
g^^ral  civil  de  I'Alg^rie  sur  la  clavel^  (variole  ovine).    Alger :  4to,  pp.  7. 

3835.  1879.  Iiamey,  A.,  Inspccteur  des  for§ts.  —  La  chSne-li^ge  en  Alg^rie. 
Alger :  4 to,  pp.  124.    Published  by  the  Government  General. 

3886.  1879.  Oouvemement  G^n^ral  de  PAlg^rie. — Statistique  g^n^rale  de 
TAlg^rie,  ann^es  1876-8.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  434. 

3887.  • fitat  actuel  de  PAlg^rie,  public  .  .  •  par  ordre  de  M.  Grdvy.  Alger ; 

8vo,  pp.  viii.  and  234. 

1879.    Playfkir,  Ijt.-OoL  B.  L. — Report  on  the  Trade  and  Commerce  of 
Algiers  for  1877-8.    Consular  Commercial  Beports,  1879,  p.  291. 

1879.    Cartuyyels,  J.,  Consul  de  Belgique. — Happort  Commercial.    Rec. 
Cons.,  2  aoClt. 

3840.  1879.  li'Afirique  explore  et  civilisde.  Monthly  journal  commenced  in 
this  year ;  each  number  8vo,  pp.  30. 

An  excellent  publication,  containing  much  valuable  information  regarding 
Algeria. 

3841.  1879.    Capitaine,  H.— L'Alg^rie.    L'Exploration,  No.  133,  pp.  289-302. 
Projets  de  chemins  de  fer  trans-sahariens.    Bull.  Soc.  G^gr.  Com. 


Paris,  No.  4,  pp.  144-9. 

8843.    1879.    Farisoty  V.,  Capitaine  d'^tat-major. — Le  chemin  de  fer  trans- 
saharien.    Nancy :  8vo,  pp.  27.    From  the  Bull,  de  la  Soc  de  G^.  de  Paris. 
The  author  does  not  believe  in  the  possibility  of  M.  Duponchel's  plan. 

1879.    Duponohel,  Dr.  A.~La  population  de  rUed  Sahel.    Bull.  Soc. 
Sc.  Pbys.  Alger,  No.  3. 


350  A  BIBLlOGRAPIll'  OF  ALGERIA. 

8845.  1B79.  Duponchol,  Dr.  A.— Le  chemia  de  fur  traBB-aaliarieu :  joQction 
coiooialc  eutro  I'Atgi^ric  et  le  Soudan.     Paris ;  8vq,  pp.  37 1,  2  mspe. 

The  author  gives  a  technical  study  of  the  protx>scd  route  in  two  scctiotis, 
the  first  being  from  Algiers  to  El-Ajjhouat. 

3846.     La  region  entro  Ouargla  et  el  Golca.      Bull.  Soc.  Gcog.  de  Paris, 

6'  n*r.,  t  lii.  p.  128. 

3847.  1879.  Blerzy,  H, — Lcb  chemioB  de  for  trans-saliaiionB.  Itcvuo  des  deox 
Mondea,  lat  May. 

3B48.    1879.    BJrtuner,  Commandant. — Du  TranE-saliarien  par  la  vall£e  d« 
rOucd  Messaoud.     IJuU.  Soo.  Gdi^g.  Oraii,  vol.  i.  p.  123,  with  ranp. 
The  ssaaa  vol.  contains  other  memoirs  on  the  same  subject. 

3848.     Rfifutatiim   dcs   objcotioaH   laites   au   tracfi  du  Trans-soJiarien  pu 

I'oueat  de  I'Algiirio.     Compte  Rendu  du  2*  Congrfia  dea  Soc.  de  G&i^,  1879,  i 
Montpellier,  pp.  8G-101. 

38B0.  1879.  'Pifte,  A. — U^'moire  sur  lea  appareila  solairca  et  les  services  i^u*i!s 
jwurrout  rendre  dans  ks  travaus  et  I'eiploitatiou  du  chemin  do  fer  du  Trau*- 
aaharien.     1.  c,  pp.  129-40. 

38B1.  1879.  Maray.  de.—Le  chetnin  do  fcr  de  I'Alg*:™  au  Soudan.  Bull.  Soc. 
GiSogr.  d'Anvera,  vol.  iv..  No.  i,  pp.  201-7. 

3853.  1879.  FeUetrsau,  Ing^nieur  des  ponta  et  chauasies, — Lo  chemin  de  fer 
trana-Baharicn.  £tude  des  divers  trac^  propostSa.  Mfmoira  nu  Conaeil  G^ui!ral 
do  Constanline,  ]>ublii5  en  execution  de  la  d^ciaion  du  Conaeil  G^ni'rai  en  dat«  du 
16  octohre  1879.     Conatantine ;  Bvo,  pp.  103,  with  3  excellent  niaj«. 

8868.  IB79.  ZiamaireHse,  lag.  en  chef  des  ponla  et  chauaa^s. — Chemin  de  r«r 
de  Teniet-el-Haad  k  la  mer  par  la  va\\6e  du  Sly.  Lacune  il  conibler  dans  le  rfseau 
doa  cbemins  de  fer  alg^ricna  d'int(5rSt  gi^n^ral.     Alger ;  8vo,  pp.  19. 

3864.  1879.    Mager,  H. — Cheinios  de  fer  africaiDi.    L'Bxploration,  Xo.  127. 

3865.  1S79.  Parieu,  J.  de. — Le  cberoin  de  fer  trans-aaliarien.  Paris :  8to, 
pp.  23. 

8866.  1879.  I*  Tranasaliarien  au  point  de  vue  commercial.  Bull.  Soc,  Gw^. 
Oran,  No.  5,  pp.  190-6. 

3867.  1879.    Coyne,  Cap.  A.— La  Mzab.    Rev.  Afr.,  vol.  sxiiL  p.  172. 

The  country  of  the  M'zab  is  aituated  about  110  ktl.  south  of  El-Agbouat. 
An  excellent  paper. 

3868.  1879.  P^raud,  L,  Cli.— Lea  Ben-Djellab,  Sultana  do  Totigourt.  1.  c, 
pp.  49  et  seq. 

3868.  1879.  Orammont,  H.  D.  de.— Relationa  eatre  la  Fi'anco  i.'t  ia  B^genct 
d' Alger,  au  xvu*  aiecle.  PremiSro  partie :  Les  deus  canons  de  Simon  DauM, 
IG06-28.  Deuxifeme  partie :  La  mission  do  Sanson  Napoldou.  Troisiume  p*rtje : 
La  mission  du  Sanson  le  Pago  et  les  agents  interimaires.     1.  c,  jip.  5  rt  teq. 

3880.  1879.  Trumelet,  Colonel  C— Note  sur  lea  variations  de  sens  dea  mot* 
Berbfer,  itoum,  Afarek,  Bcran^a,  Botr,  Hazigh  et  I'rank.    1.  c,  p.  471. 

3881.  1879.  Sundelln,  H.,  Cons.  Geo. — Consular  Report.  See  Derfltteiser  om 
liaadel  ocb  sjOfart,  Stockholm,  No.  3-,  pp.  83-7. 

8862.  1679.  Tbomae,  Ph.— Nolo  sur  una  dent  de  Rliinoceros  lichorblaus 
dwjouverte  dans  I'oaais  do  Chetma  pria  Biskra.  Bull,  Soc.  dcs  Sc.  Phys.  ct  Climat. 
d'Algcr,  pp.  7S-9. 


^ 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  851 

1879.  Thomas,  FIl — Note  but  quelques  Kquid^  fossiles  des  environ)) 
de  Constantine.    Rev.  des  8c.  Nat,  p.  17, 1  plate. 

1879.  Meroier,  Bmest. — Constantine  avant  la  oonqudte  fran^aisc. 
Notice  8ur  cette  vilie  k  T^poque  du  dernier  bey.  Rec  des  Not  et  M^m.  de  la 
Soc.  Arch,  de  Constantiue,  vol.  xix.  p.  43. 

3866.    Constantine  au  xvi*  sidcle.    £l4vation  de  la  flEimille  el-Feggoun. 

L  c,  p.  215. 

8860.    1879.    Beboud,  Dr.  V. — Recucil  d'inscriptions  lybico-berberes.    Inscrip- 
tions des  environs  de  Miiah  et  do  Souk  Ahras.    L  c,  p.  187. 

8867.    1879.     Cahen,  Ab.,  Grand  Rabbin  d' Alger. — Inscriptions  puniques  et  ndo- 
puniques  de  Constantine.    (EUHofna.)    1.  c,  |i.  252. 

1879.  Papier,  A. — Lettre  au  pr^ident  de  la  Socidt^  Arch,  de  Constantine 
sur  les  mines  de  Uammam  n*Bails  et  plusieurs  inscriptions  recueillies  dans  cette 
locality    1.  &,  p.  284. 


1879.    FargeSy  AbeL — Notice  sur  une  d^ouverte  de  statues  en  marbre  k 
Khamissa  (Thubursicum  Numidnrum).    1.  c,  p.  297. 

8870.  1879.    Westerveller. — Silex  ou  jaspes  taill^,  ddcouverts  au  puits  de  Bir* 
en-nsa.    1.  c,  p.  309. 

8871.  1879.    Foulle,  A. — Les  Bains  de  Pomp^ianus.    1.  c,  p.  431. 

These  remarkable  ruins  were  discovered  in  1878.  Beautiful  drawings  of  the 
mosaic  flooring  were  made  by  M.  Martin,  and  exhibited  at  the  Paris  Exhibition 
of  the  same  year.  They  were  subsequently  published  on  a  large  scale  by  the 
Society,  and  two  of  the  plates  were  reproduced  by  Mr.  Graham  in  his  paper. 
No.  4406. 


8872.  1879.  Baimy,  A. — 2°^  Rapport  aux  syndicats  des  rives  de  THarrach. 
Question  des  eaux  d*ali mentation  de  la  ville  d' Alger.  Projet  de  derivation  de 
I'Qued  Mokta.  Droit  des  irrigants  des  deux  rives  de  THarrach.  Alger:  8vo, 
pp.39. 

8878.  1879.  Cambon,  Ferdinand. — Pour  le  regime  civil  en  Alg^e.  Con* 
stantine :  8vo,  pp.  18. 


1879.    Martey   G. — ^Alg^rie;    dim  at   et  constitution  g^oddsique.      1.  c,. 
No.  118. 

8876.  1879.  Martin,  Ii.  G.~Espafla  en  Africa.  Culpas  6  fiEdtas  del  siglo  xyiL 
que  paga  el  xix.    Bol.  Soc.  Gtogr.  Madrid,  vol.  vii.  No.  1,  pp.  26-56. 

8876.  1879.  ^tode  sur  la  propri^t^  indigene  et  la  loi  du  26  juillet  1873,  suivie 
d'nn  appendioe  coniprenant :  1*  Un  projet  de  loi  sur  partage  et  licitation  des  im- 
meubles  appartenant  k  des  Musulmans.  2*  Un  projet  de  loi  sur  i'^tat  civil  des 
indigdnes.    Alger :  1879,  8vo,  pp.  93. 

S6TI»  1879.  Cuniao,  Substitut  du  Procureur  g^o^ral. — Discours  sur  les  institu- 
tioos  judiciaires  et  plus  sp^ialement  de  la  repression  p^nale  en  Alg^rie  avant  la 
eonqudte.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  48. 

This  was  pronounced  at  the  "  audience  de  rentrde  "  of  the  Cour  d'appeL 

8878.  1879.  Castaing,  A. — Origines  et  migrations  des  Berbdres.  Rev.  Orient, 
et  Amdric.,  voL  ii.  p.  193. 

8878.    1879.    Colonisation   du   ddpartement   de   Constantino.     Rev.    Gdogr. 
Intemat.,  No.  50. 
TOU  U.  2  A 


3S3  A  lilBUOUllAPHY  OK  ALGERIA. 

388a    lain.    Pontaneo,  J.  de.—Deux  touristes  en  Algerie  (Ncdj^ms). 

ISroo,  pp.  331. 
3881.    1)479.    FroBsard,    J.  v. — Die  CuUurmUsioa   Frankreiclis  irt  Algeriak 

Aoalnnd,  Ko.  12.  ~ 


n  explorateiir.    Itev.  Gikigr.  lat 

3888.    — ■ C'onEL'qiiciicps  ucoaomiqiieB  de  I«  creation  d'une  mi 

Alg^rio.    Rev.  Fo].  et  Litt.,  p.  445. 

Conrerenco  licld  at  the  request  of  the  Sodili  d'Escurnons  Artaatiqnea, 
8c  et  Lilt. 
3884.    1879.    Hortins,  Ch.,  ot  E.  I>eeor.— ObservBtions  sur  le  projet  de  U 
crtelion  d'uiic  mer  itii^rii^iirc  dAQH  le  Salinra  orienlal.     Compte  Head,  de  TAcid. 
a.  He.,  I.  Ixxxviii. 

388B.  1870.  JuB.-Lea  oasis  do  I'Oued  Rir'  en  1B56  ot  1879,  euivicB  du  rdumi 
d(j8  travBUX  dea  aondEgea  executes  danB  le  dipartement  de  Conslantine  de  1879  a 
1870.    Paris :  Svo,  pp.  2(1. 

3888.     18T9.     Watbled,  JL—hee  retntiooB  dc  I'Algt^rie  nvec  I'AI 
Paris:  Svo,  pp.  19, 

3887.  lHaO.     Disuzftide,  V.  A.— Hiatoire  de  I'Algirie  de  1H30-7S.     Onin :  8 
pp.  -iBO. 

3888.  1880.    Delpoux,  J.  Fierro, — La  campagce  d'ACrique.    Bordeaux :  4|0| 

pp.  242,  with  many  inferior  illustrations. 

3880.  18B0.  Coomajm,  Oasitnir.— Do  Marseille  u  GSnes  par  1»  Cbmiclie.  En 
AlgiSrie.  Souvenirs  et  notes  de  vujage.  Bruxelle* :  8vo,  pp.  268,  of  which  66 
are  devoted  to  Algeria. 

S880:    leBO.    WaclitfiieiBtar,  Coint«  H. — Nya  ocb  ganila  resem  inner  da^nk 

atanleckniiigar  under  refor  i  Korrn  Afiika,  4c.    Stoctholiu :  8vo,  pp.  186. 

3881.  IBBO.  Ueroier,  Ernest.— L' A Igijrie  en  1680.  Le  cinquonteoaira  d'one 
colonie.    Paris :  8vo,  p]i.  2B0. 

Reviewed  by  Leo  Quesiiel  in  Rev.  Pol.  et  Litl.,  3°  eir.,  vol.  i.  pp.  404-8: — 
"Mercicr  h  a  culuitist  of  cx^terience,  and  bis  work  is  written  in  a  remarkable 
spirit  of  wisdom  and  u.oderation." 
S88a.     1880.     Kob,  J.  L.— L'Algf^rie.     Paris:  8vo,  pp.  15. 

3883.  1880.  Bourde,  Paul.— A  travera  I'Algerie.  Souvenirs  do  reicurtion 
perlcmentalre  eeptembre-t'Ctobre  1879.     Parle :  12lno,  pp.  389. 

An  exceileuC  work. 

3884.  1680.  H^ron  de  TillefoBae,  Ant. — Tdbca^a  et  ses  monumeotG.  Le  Tool 
de  Monde,  1017,  1018,  pp.  2-32. 

3896.     1680.    Demaeght,  Major.— Notes  uur  I'Adrar.    BuLl.  Soc.  GA)g.  ( 
vol.  i.  p.  391. 

3886.  1880.    BoUaad,  Q.,  Ing^nicur  Jes  Mines. — Observations  ai6t6aTo\og 
faitc-s  au  Sahara  ea  Janvier,  fi5<rier  et  niaca  1880.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  Ifi.     Frotal| 
Ann.  dela  Soc  M(5l.  de  France,  t.  xsii.  1"  trimestre,  2"  fuc. 

3887.    La  mission  iraus-saLarienne  d'El-Goleab.    Rev.  Sclent.,  17th  Ji^ 

Aunalee  dea  Mines,  So.  4. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  353 

1880.    Shipi>en9  !EL»  Med.  Director  U.S.  Navy. — ^Tho  Barbarous  Moors. 
United  Service  Monthly  Review,  Philadelphia,  vol.  ii..  May  1880,  pp.  580-004. 
An  interesting  account  of  AJgiers  before  and  up  to  the  French  conquest 
with  especial  reference  to  American  politics. 

3809.    1880.    Boxmafbnt,  J.  P. — Douze  ans  en  Alg^e.    Paris :  12mo,  pp.  380. 

•3800.  1880.  Bioonz,  B. — La  d^mogmphie  figure  de  TAlg^rie.  ]6tude  statis- 
tique  des  populations  europdennes  qui  habitent  TAlg^rie.  Avec  12  tableaux 
graphiques  traduisant  les  principales  conclusions,  avec  une  preface  de  M.  le  Dr. 
Bertillon.  Paris:  8vo,  pp.  304. — See  also,  Compte  Rendu  de  TAssoc  pour 
I'Avancement  des  Sciences,  Alger,  1882,  p.  48. 

3801.  1880.  FourmeBtraux,  B. — Instruction  publique  en  Alg^rie,  1830  k  1880. 
P^ris:  12mo,  pp.  39. 

3802.  1880.  Fharaon,  Florian. — ^^pisodes  de  la  conqu^te.  CathMrale  et 
mosqu^.    Paris :  12  mo,  pp.  71. 

3808.  1880.  Tohihatohef,  Paul  de.~E8pagne,  Alg^rie  et  Tunisie.  Lettres  k 
Michel  Chevalier.     Paris :  large  8vo,  pp.  595. 

A  German  translation  was  published  at  Leipzig  in  the  same  year.    It  was 
reviewed  by  Paul  Leroy  Beaulieu,  in  Rev.  PoL  et  Litt.,  3*  s^r.,  t.  i.  pp.  176-82. 

3804.  1880.  Badau,  B.— 'Espagne,  Alg^rie,  Tunisie,'  par  M.  Tchihatchef. 
Revue  des  deux  Mondes,  1"  octobre. 

3806.    D^mographie  de  TAlg^rie.    1.  c,  l*"  sept — See  Na  3900. 

3808.    1880.    Bou88et,  C.  F.  M.— La  'conqudte  d' Alger.    Paris :  12mo,  pp.  291. 

3807.  1880.    Sooi^t^  des  Beaux-Arts,  etc — Catalogue  illustrd   des  oeuvres 
expos^es.    Alger :  12roo,  pp.  105. 

380a    1880.    BeoluB,  O.—Algdrie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  802. 

3808.  1880.  Maiet,  A.  du.— La  province  d'Oran.  Bull.  Soc.  G^r.  Oran, 
vol.  i.  p.  411.— See  also  No.  3997. 

•3910.  1880.  Ooint,  Bavarot. — De  la  creation  de  chambres  dc  commerce 
fnin9aise8  k  I'^tranger.    L  c,  p.  439. 

3911.  1880.  Philippe,  F.,  Interprdte  militaire. — ^£tapes  sahariennes.  Alger: 
8vo. 

3912.  1880.  Philippe,  Ii. — Sur  T^tablissement  des  relations  commerciales  avec 
les  populations  du  Sahara.    Bull.  Soc.  Geogr.  Comm.  Paris,  No.  6,  pp.  538-40. 

^3913.  1880.  Lubomirski,  J.,  Prince. — Les  pays  oubli^ :  la  c6te  barbaresque  et 
le  Sahara.    Excursion  dans  le  vieux  monde.    Paris :  12mo. 

3914.  1880.  Iiatniffe.— Les  Monts  Aour^.  Bull,  de  G6og.  Paris,  Sept.,  pp. 
245-82. 

3914a.  1880.  Norris,  W.  £. — Mademoiselle  de  Mersac.  London :  3  vol.  pp. 
308, 284,  and  274. 

A  well-written  novel,  the  scene  of  which  is  laid  at  Algiers. 

3916.  1880.  Bejniard,  J.,  Sous-Insp.  des  Forets. — Restauration  des  forSts  et  des 
p&tnrages  du  sud  de  I'AIg^rie,  province  d' Alger.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  64,  with  map. 

3918.  1880.  Iiiautaud,  Dr. — De  rassimilation  des  terres  alg^riennes  aux  biens 
fonders  de  France.    Alger  :  12mo,  pp.  83. 

,3917.  1880.  PomeL — ^£tat  actuel  do  nos  connaissances  sur  la  geologic  du  Soudan 
.  .  .  et  du  Sahara.     Bull,  de  la  Soc.  Gcogr.  Oran,  No.  8,  p.  365. 

2  A  2 


364  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

89ia     1880.     Lloyd,  Julius,  BLA.— Tlio  Nortli  Africsn  CburcL.    rublUIied  by 

the  Society  for  t'ne  Promotion  J  Christian  Knowledge.     London ;  12mo,  pp.  411. 
3818.    1S80.     Iiettres  de  Saint  Vincent  de  FauL    FariB :  4  vol.  Svo. 
3B20.     1&80.    Batault,  J.— Letlres  i1u  Mv.  P.  J.  B.,  UU^onnaire  Apostoliiiue  a. 

Aleer.     Chalon-B.-S.  r  Bvo,  pji.  83. 
3921,    ISSO.    EelBoh,  A.— I^  affeciions  <iu  foio  en  AlgiSrie.    Paris :  8vo,  |'p.  32. 
3823.     1880.    Tltat,  A.— ittiides  de  pnihologic  alg^rience.    PoriB:  8ro,  pp.  115. 
3833,     1880.    Trumelet,  Colonel.— ft iiH'ruire  de  Tongunrt  au  Djebel  el  Qamar 

(Monlagne  lie  la  luoe)  Irnduit  de   I'arabo.     Cull.  Soc.   Langned.  G6ogT.,  No.  1, 

pp.  U5-30. 
3924.     1880.    Oudot,  J.— Le  fermage  dea  aotraobeH  cd  Algdrie.    Paris;    Sto, 

pp.  277. 
3926.    1880.    Hatbewa,  Win.— The  Flon  of  Algeria  considered  in  retati<>a  to 

the  Phymcal  History  of  the  Mediterranean  region  and  siip[H»«ii  submersion  of  tho 

Sahara.    London. 

Originally  )iubtished  in  tbc  Trans.  Birmin^am  Phil.  Soc.    The  map  shows 
•  the  submarine  contour  of  tbe  shores  of  Eiirojie,  N.  Africa,  and  part  of  A^a. 

3936.    1880.    rillias,  Achille.— B&its  militaires.    L'ezp^tiiuD  de  I'Oaed  Guir, 

1670.    Alger;  8vo,  pp.  32. 
3837.    1880.    Qudin,  A.,  Ing^nieiir.— Chciuin  de  fer  de  la  Mitidja  et  du  Rahel. 

Alger :  8vo,  pp.  22,  with  map. 
8828.     1880.     Colonieu,   O^n^raL — Le  tmco   central  du  cheniin  de  fer  tiaos- 

saharien.    Laugrcs:  8vo,  i>p.  29,  with  map. 

Tlie  writer  was  oue  of  the  comroission  appointed  to  study  the  subject. 
88S8.     1880.  CartuyvelB,  J., Consul  Gdn^ral  de  Belgiij^ue.— Bapportcoiomercial. 

Rec  Cons.,  25  mai  et  10  juin. 

3830.  1880.    Cherbonneau.— L'Algcrie  nu  im'  si^le.    Bev.  do  GA)gr.     Alto 
BeT.  Pol.  et  Litt.,  2"  siSr.,  t.  six.  p.  167.  - 

Translation  of  a  work  by  the  Cbollih  El-Abdery,  who  made  the  pilgrim^a 
trom  Morocco  lo  Mecca. 

3831.  1880.     Zjataste,   Femand. — Diagnoses  de   reptiles   nouveaus  d' 
Le  Natoraliste,  15th  Oct.-lSth  Nov.,  1880,  and  Ist  March,  1881. 

3832.  1880.     artvy,   Albert,   Gouv.  gdneral   civil.- fitat   de  I'Alg^ri. 
31d&;.  1879;  2°  an  IT"  octobre  1880,  d'aprSa  lea  documents   officiels.      Alger: 
8yo,  pp.  370,  with  2  ma[iB,  showing  the  exteiieioa  of  civil  territory. 

1880.     Playfiiir,  Lt-Col.  B.  L.— Report  on  the  Trade  and  Commeroc  of 
Algeria  for  1879.    Consular  Commercial  Beixirta,  1880,  p.  1676. 

This  report  is  a  summary  of  the  fifty  years'  French  ttile  in  A^eria,  ending 

14tli  June,  1B80. 

8884.     1880.     Ott,   Ed.   a.— £:tudo  siir  la  colonisation  de  I'AlgSrie  et  en  pa- 

ticulier  sur  le  departemeot   de   Constantine-     Cultnres,   vignobles,  mines,  eaux 

min^rales,  population,  instrnction,  commerce,  Industrie,  ox]x>rtat ion  et  importation. 

Paris:  8vo,  pp.  144. 

1830.     Quesnoy,  Dr.  P.— L'Algeric.     Paris :  16mo,  100  woodcuts. 

1880.     Xiamotbe,   H.   do.—  L'avenir   de   la   colonisation   et   la    qncttion 
icdig6ne  en  AlgSrie.     Bull,  de  la  Soc.  G^ogr.  Comm.  de  Paris,  t.  vii.  p.  180. 

1880.    Sundelin,  H.,  Cons.  Gen.— Consulnr  Beports,  see  Bet&ttelser  om 
hnndel  och  sjufart,  StockhoJni,  No.  2,  p.  53;  No.  3,  pp.  847-51. 


ignmaga         > 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  855 

308a    1880.    Die  Kabylen.    Europa,  No.  16. 

3888.    1880.    Kowal8ki»  A.  M. — £tat  actael  des  chemins  dc  for  en  Algdric. 
Paris :  4to,  pp.  29. 

3840.  1880.    B^gls,  Ii. — CoDstaDtine :  voyages  et  s^jours,  avec  une  introduction 
de  M.  M^i^res  de  TAcad^mio  Fran^aise.    Paris :  18mo,  pp.  848. 

3841.  1880.    lie  Sahara  Alg^rien.    Le  plateau  de  Tad^mayt.     L*£zplor.,  xi. 
p.  329. 


1880.    Serisiat. — Ouargla  et  I'extrSme  sud  du  Sahara  algdrien.     Rev. 
Scien.y  20th  March. 

S84a    1880.    BezthoucU  A.— Question  du  Trans-saharien— lo  Tademait  et  le 
Tahohalt.    Bull.  8oc.  G^r.  Alger,  No.  4. 

^8844.    1880.    Bemardini*  IL — Le  chemin  de  fer  trans-saharien  de  M.  Duponchel. 
Bull.  Soc.  Norm,  de  G^gr.,  pp.  24-41. 

1880.    Derrien,  J. — Le  chemin  de  fer  trans-saharien  d'Oran  ^  Touat  par 
Tiem^en  et  TOued  Messaoura.    Oran :  8vo,  pp.  40. 

I.    1880.     Boche,    J. — La    mission    d'exploration    trans-saharienne.     Bev. 
Scientif.,  27  th  Nov. 

3847.  1880.    Alg^rie.     Lcs  hauts  plateaux;   le  desert.     L'Ezploration,  t.  x. 
p.  376. 

a84a    1880.    Die  Beni  Maab.    Ausland,  No.  16. 

3848.  1880.    Baudot. — £tat  actuel  de  la  question  de  la  mer  interieuro   de 
TAlgdrie.    Bull.  iSoc.  de  G^ogr.  de  Lyon,  t.  iii.  p.  320. 

3860.    1880.    lies  Ben  Oana  depuis  la  conqnete  fran9ai8e.    Paris:  8vo,  jip.  31. 

8861.    1880.    Chavanne,  J. — Das  Atlassystem.     Deutsche  Rundschau  f.  Geogr., 
vol.  ii.  p.  410. 

Das  algcrisch-tunesische  Binnenmeer.    1.  c,  pp.  272-808. 


1.    1880.    Cosson,  S. — Note  sur  un  projet  dc  cr^tion  en  Algdrie  d*une  mer 
dite  int^rieure.    Bull.  Soc.  Gdogr.  Comm.  de  Paris,  6*  s^r.,  t.  xix.  p.  34. 

1880.  Orammont,  BE.  D.  de. — Histoire  des  rois  d' Alger,  par  Fray  Diego 
de  Haijdo,  Abbd  de  Fromesta,  traduite  et  annot^e  par  ....  licv.  Afr.,  vol.  xxiv. 
pp.  37  et  teq, — See  Noe.  60  and  3981. 

I    1880.    JourdazL,  Charles. — Cro»iuis  alg^riens.    Paris :  12mo,  pp.  80?. 

I.    1880.    MaoCarthy,  O. — Sur  quclques  inscriptions  des  environs  d'Aumale. 
1.  c,  pp.  398  et  heq, 

3867.  1880.  Taiudery  Capitaine  BE. — Une  Emigration  arabe  en  Afrique  un 
sitele  apr^s  Jdsus-Christ.  PiEponse  aux  questions  de  M.  I'interprdte  Mercier. 
1.  c.y  p.  873. 

3868.  1880.  Masqueray,  Prof. — Les  Beni  Mez&b.  Bull,  dc  la  Soc.  Normando 
de  G6og.,  mars. 

3868.  1881.  Snoilsky,  Carl,  OrefSre.— Nya  dikter  i  Afrika.  Stockholm :  8vo, 
pp.  298.    Poetry,  pp.  161-204  concerning  Algeria. 

3800.  1881.  8noilsky»  OrefVixma  B. — Ogonblicksbilder  fran  Nord-Afrika. 
Stockholm :  8vo,  pi>.  152.  From  p.  1  to  116  regarding  Algeria ;  20  woodcuts  in 
text. 


8S6 


I  UlISLIOGFAl'llV  OV  ALGKCIA, 


traDEKBligrica    ed    H   I 


Seei.     1881.     Miazi,    A.    M.— La   ferrovia 

africanu,     Milan  :  llimo,  pp.  32. 
8862.    1B81.    Wllmanna,  OusUvUB.— loscriptiones  Africie  Latinie  conri&4 

suchnitato  academia^  Ijtteraruoi  regio!  borruBsiciC  collcgit   G.   W.      Para   priflt'i^ 

InecriptioncH  Africie  proconaularia  et  Numidiae  comprehendeiw.    Paw  j 

InicriptiaDea   Mauriteaiarum,      Formiag    vol.   viii.   of  'Corpus   IcKription 

Berolini :  2  vol.  4to. 
8063.    1881.     Perrier,    CoL— Gfiodt:-Bio    algiirienne.      L' Exploration,    vol,    vi. 

No.  209,  pp.  268-70. 
3964.    leei.    Vogt,   C— Eioe  Woche  ara   Eingang  der  Salukra.      Gegenwart. 

Nos.  27  and  28. 

8966.     NatiirwiEsenscbaftlichc  Notizen  aus  Algcrien.     Nator,  No.  36. 

8966.     1881.     Balda  j  territorio  inmcdiato.      Bol.  Soc.  Oeogr.  Madrid,  ivt.  sL 

No.  2,  pp.  138-41. 
3867.     1881.     Gampo  Ctrande,   Tisot.  de.— Saida.      Bui.  Soc.  Geogr.  Madrid, 

vol.  xi.  No.  5,  pp.  359-74, 
806B.     1881.     PuilllgU7,  de.— SI::  semnines  eo  Alg^ric.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  180. 
3968.     1881.     Mouohes,  Amiral^La  cOte  et  lea  parts  de  TAIgfrie  an  pcnnt  ic- 

T11C  de  la  coloDiEntioD.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  S5, 

8870.  1881.  Duveyrier,  HonrL— Le  ddsaatre  de  la  miasioo  Flatters.  DulL 
Soc.  QioiT,  Paris,  Ajiril,  pp.  3G1-75.- 

8871.  1881.  Flatters,  CoL— nap;iort  Eiir  la  misuion  iVuxploration  dans  le  Sahara 
ccutral  pour  le  chcmin  de  fer  trans-saharito.  Bull.  Soc.  Odogr.  Lyon,  vol.  iii. 
No.  18,  pp.  379-84 ;  BuU.  de  I'Union  G6ogr.  du  Noid,  vol.  i.  No.  1,  map. 

8872.  1681.    Flattara  et  B^ringer.— I..ettrc3  aar  la  mi 
Bull.  Soc.  Gfiogr.  Paris,  Mnrcli,  p[i.  250-7. 

8878.    1881.    Platters,   Choiaj  «t  Solelllet.— Itnppurt  du  Uiniatn  i 

culture  sur  lea  miasioQS  ilu  .  .  .  .     L'Expluratiun,  vol.  s.  No.  179,  [ip.  103-4 
8974.    1881.    BoMtb,  Qerbard. — file  MisBion  Flaitera.    Feterm.  Geogr.  Miitli.. 


03-^^^H 


a  Flatten.   L'Exploraligii, 


897S.     1681.     ToumnXoiid,  P.— Massacre  dc  la 

vol,  xi.  No.  240. 

8876.  1881.     Barbier,  J,  V. — Algfric,  Tunisic  el  Sahara  central.      Paris 
map, 

8877.    Les  deux  mii^sious  du  Col.  Flatters,  d'a]>rte  des  documeuts  i 

BiilL  Soc.  Q6o'^.  dp  I'Est,  No.  i,  with  map. 

387B.  1881.  Bernard,  Cap.  F.^Quatie  mots  dacB  le  Sahara.  Journal  d'uii 
voyage  chen  les  Touareg,  suivi  d'lm  nperfu  sur  la  deuxiSmo  mi^on  de  Col. 
Flatters.    Paris :  12mo,  pp.  170,  with  map  and  illustiationB. 

Captain  Bernard  uccompaDied  the  first  eX|iedilion  of  Colonel  Flatters,  whotr- 
object  was  to  survey  roURbly  the  country  south  of  the  Algerian  frontier. 
3879,    1881.    Six  aemaines  en  Alg^rie.     Notes  do  voyage  d'uu  mcmbm  du 
Congrfis  Scieciifique,  teuu  ^  Alger  avril  1881.     Fails:  Svo,  pp.  176. 

3860.    1881.    Oonvemeur,  A. — Un  moia  tn  Algerie.    Souvenirs  du  ( 
avril-mai  1881.    Nogent-le-Rotrou :  Svo,  pp.  112. 
Printed  originalljr  in  Le  Nogentals. 


1  Cot^l^^J 


A  BIBUOORAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  857 

aaei.  I88I.  Onunmont,  H.  D.  de.— Histoire  des  Eois  d'Alger.  Par  Fray 
Biego  de  Haedo,  Abb4  de  Frumesta  (*  Epitome  de  los  Reyes  de  Argel/  Yalladolid, 
1612).    Traduite  et  annotde  par  . . .    Alger :  8yo,  pp.  217.— See  Noe.  60,  3954. 

8882.  1881.  lie  Corps  des  Interpr^tes  MilitaireB.  Ce  qii'il  a  ^t^ :  ce  qu'il 
est :  06  qa'il  doit  6tre.    Valence :  8vo,  pp.  109. 

Seea  I88I.  PoUook,  a.  D.— Notice  on  Uammam  R'irha  in  the  *  Lancet'  for 
March  1881. 

3864.  1881.  Iiubbooky  Sir  John,  Bart. — Note  on  a  stone  implement  of  the 
Paleolithic  type  found  in  Algeria.  From  Jour.  Anthrop.  Institute,  Feb.  1881, 
pp.  4,  with  illustration. 

8886.  1881.  Iieoleoroq,  Jules. — De  Mogador  h  Biskra;  Maroc  et  Algdrie. 
Paris :  18mo,  with  map. 

8886.  1881.  D^deviUe,  Comte  H.,  ancien  Pr^fet  d*A1ger.— Le  Mardchal 
Bugeaud,  d'aprds  sa  correspondance  intime  et  des  documents  in^its  1784-1849. 
Paris :  8yo,  2  voL  2nd  vol.  published  in  1882,  pp.  602.  An  English  translation 
by  Miss  C.  M.  Yonge  was  published  in  1884.  London  :  2  toI.  8vo,  pp.  363  and 
365. 

8887.  1881.  Fillias,  Aohille. — R6cits  militaires.  Campagne  du  Maroc.  Tanger 
— Isly — ^Mogador,  1884.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  40,  with  map. 

888a  1881.  Shippen,  £.,  Med.  Dir.  U.S.N.— A  Forgotten  General.  United 
Service  Monthly  ReTiew,  vol.  v.  No.  1,  pp.  1-21. 

This  records  the  visit  to  Algiers  and  Tunis,  and  the  subsequent  expedition 
from  Egypt  to  the  Cyrenaica,  of  William  Eaton,  U.S.  Consul  at  TripolL 

8888.  1881.  Vemes  d'Arlandes,  Th.— En  Alg^rie,  ^  travers  TEspagno  et  le 
Maroc.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  420. 

8880.  1881.  Truxnelet,  le  Colonel  C. — Les  saints  de  I'lslam,  Idgendes  hagio- 
graphiques  et  croyances  alg^riennes.    Les  saints  du  TelL    Paris :  pp.  Ixiii.  and  442. 

8881.  1881.  Knox,  Alexander  A. — The  New  Playground ;  or  Wanderings  in 
Algeria.    London :  8vo,  pp.  482. 

1881.    Ii^ln,  P.— En  Alg^rie.    Souvenirs  d'un  colon.  Paris :  12mo,  pp.  365. 

1881.    Bardy,  Oustave,  ancien  Conseiller  k  la  Cour. — Solutions  pratiques 
alg^ennes.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

8894.  1881.  Sohwani,  Dr.  Bemhard.— Algerien  (Kiiste,  Atlas  imd  Wiiste) 
nach  50  Jahren  franzosischer  Herrschaft.  Keiseschilderung.  Nebst  einer  syste- 
niatischen  Geographic  des  Landes.    Leipzig :  8vo,  pp.  398,  map  and  illustrations. 

8886.    — ; Am  Rande  dor  Wiiste.    Von  der  el  Kantra-Schlucht  nach  Biskra. 

Weltpost,  Nos.  7  and  8. 

8886.  1881.  Maset,  du. — Les  Oulad  Sidi  Sheik,  ct  les  territoires  insurg^  de  la 
province  d'Oran.    Revue  de  Geog.,  juin  1881.     Paris. 

Also  by  the  same,  and  in  the  December  No.  of  the  same  Revue, '  La  frontidre 
marocaine.' 

8867.     La  province  d'Oran.    Bull.  Soc.  G6ogr.  Com.  Bordeaux,  No.  2, 

pp.  42-56. 

8898.  1881.  Bnmialti,  Attilio. — Algeria,  Tunisia  e  Tripolitania.  Studii  di 
geografia  politica  sugli  ultimi  avvenimenti  africani.    Milano :  8vo,  pp.  274,  map. 

8899.  1881.  Gonrgeot,  F.,  Ex-interpr^te  principal  de  Tarm^e  d'Afrique. — 
Si^itnation  politique  de  TAlg^ric — Le  sud — Bou  Amama — I^es  Oulad  Sidi  Cheikh, 
Figuig,  &c.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  190. 


858 


A  BlBLIOGRAPHr  OF  ALGERIA. 


400a    1881.    Cherbonneaxi,  A.— LesUmitesrcelleailBrAlgerie.    Itw.deGios 

July.    Paris. 
4001.     Lea  peupladea  voildes  d'Afrique  (Touaregs).      Dupeyron,  Bct.  d 

BSogt.,  May,  jip.  332-9. 
4003.    Gbadaiues  ct  le  commerce  Boodanicn.    I.  c,  June,  pp.  412-lS. 

4003.    Les  Kroumira  de  Fath-Allah  et  lea  Troglodytes  de  Zenthnn.    I 

July,  pp.  131-4. 

4004.    Kouko,  nncienne  capitals  du  Juijura.    1.  c,  August,  pp.  131— t. 

4006.    1681.    Valbert, a.— L'lnde  et  rAlgfric.   ncviiedcfldeu:cMoDdes,lBt  Aqj 

4006.  1881,    Perrot,  L.— Itindraire  do  Gfiryville  i  Figuig  et  rotour. 
lie  Gic^r.  Paris,  Oct.,  pp.  273-303,  with  map. 

4007.  1881.    Ii&rgenu,    Victor. — Le   Sahara  algiSrien.    Le  Totir  du  ] 
vol.  xlii.  No.  loeO,  pp.  1  et  eeq. 

■KtOe.     I*  Sahar.\  algerieu.     Lcs  D&erU  de  I'EiS-     Pari* ;  Svo,  pp.  352. 

4009.  1881.  Dupoachel,  A. — L^g  oasis  et  la  culture  du  dattier  dana  la  Sahara. 
Itev,  des  deux  Mondes,  15th  May. 

4010.  1881.  Fisober,  Th, — P.ilnienctiltur  nnd  Brannenhohrungcn  dtr  Franioeeo 
in  der  Algieriachen  Sahara.    GlubiiH,  xsxviii.  No.  21,  p.  330. 

4011.  1881.  Flamm,  J.— ittude  sur  la  decentralisation  dc  I'adiuiniatration 
g£o£rttle  de  TAlgfrie.     BOne :  8to,  pp.  201. 

4019.  1881,  Boay,  J.— L'Algfiric.  Laijuestiondea  rattaohenientsdevaDt  ropiuion 
puhlique.     Orau :  8vo,  pp.  148. 

4018.  1881.  Maaqueray,  £. — Coup  d'ceil  sur  rhialoirc  de  TAfriquc  septen- 
triouole.    Alger:  I81110.    Containeil  in  Nulices  snr  Alger  et  I'Alg^rie. 

4014.  1881.  BtLj,  liouis,  Ent^igne  de  vniaseaii.  —  L'^Ut  actucl  de  I'Alg^rie. 
Le  regime  civil,  le  regime  militaire.  Les  rattnchemouts  du  5  Beptenibre  et  la 
politique  colouiale.  Paris :  Svo,  pp.  46,  witli  a  map  or  the  trade  routes  which 
cross  the  desert. 

4016.  1881.  CoBBOu,  IL,  tlembre  de  I'lnstitui — CompeDdium  Flone  Allonticte 
seu  expositjo  methodica  plantarum  oniaiuni  in  Algeria  necnon  in  regao  Tunetano 
Kt  imperio  Maroccano  hucuaque  iiolaruni ;  ou  Floro  dea  fitata  Barbaresque*,  Algfrir, 
Tunisie  et  Maroc.  Vol.  i.  Prcmltre  [lartie — Hiatorique  et  gfographie.  Sro, 
pp.  265,  maps. 

4016.  1881.  Boux,  A.  C— Les  vij-tluiix  de  I'Algerie.  Bull.  Soc,  Q6}gr.  Comm. 
p!iri8,No.  11,  pp.  285-90. 

4017.  1881.  Iiafltt«,  Prosper  de — Ln  question  de  Phylloxera  et  le  rCle  des 
vi^ucs  nni^ricaines.     Keviic  dc^  deux  Mondes,  lat  March. 

4018.  1881.  Voies  ferrfOB.— €hciuindcfcrniixtea8ectiond'uoin6lre(vi>yageiirs 
et  marchaudiBes)  de  BCne  k  la  Calle  et  Kef-Ouni-Teboul.  Avant-projet  inodifid 
cotifoni>£ment  aux  observatiuns  de  MM.  lea  lug^nieura  dea  pouts  et  chansH^^cs  de 
la  circouacription  de  B6ue,  pr^entd  le  9  octohre  1880  par  U.  Carpentier.  Piirn : 
4to. 

4016.     ChcDiiua  do  fer  franfais  d'intdrSt  gfiniral.     France  curopueuDo  et 

AJgerie.     Document*  Klatiatiquca  relatifB  6  Tannfio  187B.     Paris:  folio. 

4080.    Faure,  Ing^nietir  du  Djtbel-Anini.    £tudo  comparative  des  lisnes 

Tikestei^Bougie  et  Beni^Mansoiir-Bougie.    St.  fitienne :  4to. 


^ 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGEBU.  859 

40fil.  1881.  Iiallemanty  C. — Gatabgue  des  mollosqueB  terrestrcs  et  fluviatiles 
des  environs  d' Alger.  Bennes:  8?o,  pp.  8.  From  La  Feuille  des  Jeunes 
Naturalistes. 

4022.  1881.  Bolland,  0. — Sur  le  terrain  cr^tac4  da  Sahara  septentrional.  BulL 
•Soc.  G^log.  de  France,  vol.  iz.  Na  6,  pp.  508-52,  with  map. 

4028.  1881.  Peohaud,  JeaxL— Monographies  des  genres  Fechaudia  ct  Hagen- 
muUeria  d^uverts  en  Alg^rie.  Suivies  de  la  description  et  d'une  noavelle  Lhotel- 
leria,  &c.,  par  J.  R.  Bourguignat.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  23. 

4024.    1881.    Benooard,  A. — Alg^rie.    Bull.  Union  Gdogr.  du  Nord,  Marz. 

4026.  1881.  Pieeae,  Iionis.— Itin^raire  de  I'Alg^ie,  da  Tunis  et  de  Tanger. 
Paris,  Hachette  et  C** :  small  8vo,  7  maps. 

This  excellent  work  forms  one  of  the  series  of '  Quides  Joanne.' 

4026.  1881.  Nordstrom,  J.  H.,  Onsul-general. — Consular  Beport;  see 
Bcriittelser  om  handel  och  sjdfart,  Stockholm,  No.  6,  pp.  385-90. 

4027.  1881.    Oat. — Les  Eabyles.    Nouvelle  Berne,  t  xiL  p.  179. 
Demonstrates  the  necessity  of  French  education  in  Eabylia. 

4028.  1881.  Bourqueloty  TL — En  Alg^rie — souvenirs  d*un  Frovinois.  Paris : 
12mo,  pp.  470. 

4029.  1881.    Meroier,  E.^L*Alg^e  en  1880.    Paris :  8vo. 

4080.  1881.  Trollard,  M.  XL,  ancien  Inspecteur  de  Finance. — L'Alg6rie  et  le 
Gouvemement  civil.     Noyon :  18mo,  pp.  48. 

Originally  published  in  the  'Sidcle'  mider  the  signature  of  ''un  anden 
Algdrien." 

4081.  1881.  T4allier. — Excursion  agricole  en  Alg^o.  Biom:  12mo,  pp.  53. 
Published  by  the  Soc.  d*Agr.  du  Puy-de-Ddmc. 

4082.  1881.  Or^vy,  Albert,  Gouvemeur  g^n^ral  civil. — l&tat  de  1'  Alg^rie  an 
31  d^.  1879  et  au  l**  oct.  1880.    Paris :  8vo,  2  maps. 

4088.  1881.  Martin,  £mile.  Secretaire  Gdn.  du  Gouvemement.— Expos^  de  la 
situation  g6u4nXe  de  TAIgdrie.  Cons.  Sup.  de  Gouvem.  Alger,  1881.  8vo, 
pp.  60. 

4084.  1881.  Tirman,  Iiouis,  Gouverneur  g^n^ral  civlL— £tat  d  el'Alg^rie. 
V*  au  31  d^  1880,  2*  au  1«  octobre  1881.  Public  d'apr^  les  documents 
officiels. 

4085.  1881.  Flayfair,  i:it.-CoL  B.  Ii.— Beport  on  the  Marbles  of  KUber. 
Consular  Commercial  Beports,  1881,  p.  54. 

4088.  1881.  AlgMe.— 1.  Les  hauts  plateaux.  2.  Le  desert.  L'Exploration, 
voL  xL  No.  187,  p.  371. 

4087.  1881.  Bebood,  Dr.  V.,  and  Aug.  Goyt.— Excursions  archfologiques 
daos  les  environs  de  Milah  et  de  Constantine  (1878-9),  with  map  and  plates. 
Bee  des  Not.  et  M6m.  de  la  Soc  Arch,  de  Constantine,  voL  xx.  pp.  1  and  183. 

4088.  -  Additions  to  the  foregoing  memoir,  by  Dr.  Beboud.    L  c,  p.  74. 

4088.  1881.  Papier,  Alexandre. — Du  Mont  Papua,  et  de  sa  synonyms  aveo 
le  Djebel-Nador.  Commentaire  sur  Procope.  L  c,  p.  83,  and  separately,  Con* 
stantine :  8vo^  pp.  51,  with  map. 

4040.  1881.  Arquel,  Conservatenr  de  la  Bibliothdque  ct  du  Mus^— Supple- 
ment au  Catalogue  du  Musde  ArchMogique  de  Constantine.    1.  c,  p.  113. 


i  11I1H.L0CRAPHV  OK  ALCiKP.IA. 


1881.     Ooyt,  Aug.— Naniggiiiu.     I.  &,  p.  189. 

Tbu  author  idimlilii.'a  lIuh  poiiltioD  with  thi;  modern  Kaibo, 


u 


4012.    16B1.    Farges,  Abel,  Lieut,  adjoiut  unBureau  Aral«  deTebnu.— Sim^^ 
rfflosioas  au  siijet  de  la  dikiouverlc  d'uii  SBcruin  i  Teheasa.     1.  c,  p.  215. 

4043.  18BI,     Ch&Tanne,  JoaaC — Afrtka  im  Lichta  uo&erer  Tage,  Bodenge^uR 
uud  geologiHeber  Bau.     Wien — Peat — Leipzig  :  8vo,  pp.  181,  coloured  lunp. 

A  general  skclch  of  lliu  geology  of  Africa,  divided  into  Atlut  syKtein,  Sahara, 
Sudau,  luid  Ceotral  aud  (!outh  Uighlanda. 

4044.    Uas  Allassyslem.     Geogr.  Bundstdiau,  vol.  ii.  No.  9,  pp.  410-17. 

4046.  Ittbl,     Thomas,   A— La   France  au  Dord  da  I'Afrique.      fitude   rnir    U 
question  a IgWeune.     Alger:  12mc>,  pp.  48. 

The  writer  adTocaleHiiimrlifttuentary  commission  esiiecially  charged  to  study 
Algerian  questions. 

4047.  1861.    Baruah,  Interprdte. — Note  sur  le  cours  d'eau   appeM  "Harnig." 
ilev.  Afr.,  Yul.  sxv.  p.  72. 

This  HtrKsm  is  situated  in  the  nest  of  the  circle  of  La  Calle. 

4048.  1881.    FUtDut.   Lieut.- Colonel  B.  I.^— Tisita  au  pajH  de  Khomalr 
(Khroroirs).     1.  c,  p.  48. 

4040.     IBBI.     Riim,  !•.,   Comm.indant.— EisAi  d'Audes  LiDguistiques  et  etliiiu- 

logiques  Gur  lea  originea  berbdres.     1.  c,  pp.  161  tt  leq. 
4060.     laSl.     Eobln.  TT.— Histoire  du  cherif  Bou  Bar'Ia.     1.  c,  [>.  65. 

He  WAS  the  most  celebrated  of  the  cherifs  of  Knbylia  who  gave  so  much 
trouble  to  tho  FreuL-ii.    ijis  uiime  was  Mohammed  bin  Ahdulla,  BDruamai 
Bou  Bagiilu,  "  the  father  of  a  mule." 
4051.     1831.    The  Baj-ber  who  reigned  for  a  day.    A  story  of  Algiers.    Loud. 
Hoc.,  vol.  xl.  pp.  88-93. 

The  Lislory  of  John  Dyer,  barber,  of  Bristol,  impressed  fur  a  sailor,  i 
to  Algiers,  TOiie  to  be  fnvourite  with  the  Dey,  but  was  ultioialelj  kilted. 

4063.     1881.     Talette,  V.,  Procureur  de  la  B^publique  iL  Alger. — Un  projet  d 

loi  BUT  lu  rcorganlsition  de  I'Algerio.     Alger :  Svo. 
4068.    1881.    OrMit  ftinolar  et  agricole  de  I'AlgiSrie.    Statnta.    Alger :  8n>, 

pp.40. 
40B4.    1881  ?    Millot.  P.— Coup  d'leil  sar  la  v^^tation  des  environs  de  HMta- 

gancm,  Arzew  et  Maacam.     Prom  Ia  Feuillo  dea  Jeuues  Naturalistes,  Paria. 

4066.  1881.    Rouard  de  Card,  E.,  ProfesReor  i.  I'eoole  de  dnrft,— Un  eaaai  de 
riiforme  adminislrafive  eu  Algt'rio.     Paris:  8vo,  pp.  21. 

4006.     fitude  sur  la  onturali nation  en  Algerip.     Paris:  8vo,  pp.  26.     From 

the  Rev.  G^nfr.  d'Admin.,  d^.  1830. 

4067.  181^1.    Sabatler,    CanuUe.— La  question   du  sud-ouesL     Alger:   8to, 
pp.  70,  with  map. 

The  author  gives  an  Bcci>unt,  geographical  and  political,  of  the  Sahon,  and 
his  i'leas  of  the  menus  of  preventmg  future  disturbances — one,  of  coarse,  being  « 
rectiGcatioD  of  Irontivr. 

4068.  1881.    Seguin,  L.  Q.  (Mrs.  Alczandor  Stnih.-m).— Mr.  Caroli,  an  autobio- 
graphy.   London :  3  vol  Svo,  pp.  316,  287,  319. 

Thia  pnrporiK  to  be  a  narrative  of  slave  life  in  Algitrs. 


ars.    Loud. 
projet  dn        I 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGEKIA.  361 

4060.  1881.  Martinet,  Ii.— D'Oran  a  B6ne.  Rev.  Geogr.  Intern.,  No.  08,  pp. 
136-42. 

4080.  1881.  BcBttger,  Br.  O.— Liste  der  von  Herrn  Dr.  Med.  W.  Kobelt  in 
Spanien  und  Algerien  gesamraelteu  Eriechthicre.  Bericht  Senckenberg.  Naturf. 
Ges.  Frankfurt  am  Main,  p.  144. 

4061.  1881.  Iiataste,  F.— Les  gerboises  d'Alg^rie.  Extrait  du  Natnralisto, 
15  nov. 

4002.    Sur    un    rongeur   nouveau   du    Sahara    algerien    (Ctenodactylus 

mzabi).    Bull.  Soc.  Zool.  France,  t.  vi.,  22  nov. 

4068.  1881.  GhroB,  J. — Les  voynges  ot  ddcouverteit  de  Paul  Soleillet  dans  Ic 
Sahara  et  le  Soudan  en  vue  d*un  projet  de  chemin  de  fer  trans-aaharien.  Paris, 
18mo. 

4064.  1881.  Masse,  Dr.  Ch.— A  propos  du  railway  transHsaharien ;  reflexions 
et  observations  hygi^niques  et  m^icalea.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  77. 

4066.    1881.     GogueL — Quelques  mots  sur  le  Trans-saharien.    Paris :  18mo. 

4066.  1881.  Bouty. — ittAt  de  la  question  de  Trans-saharien.  Bull,  de  la  Soc. 
G^ogr.  Oran,  Supp.  No.  10,  map. 

4067.  1881.  Bordier. — Le  trac^  central  du  chemin  de  fer  trans-saharien*  Bull. 
Soc.  des  Sc.  Phys.  Nat.  et  Climat.  d'Alger,  1880,  No.  3. 

4068.  1881.  Kormand,  Ch. — Le  chemin  de  fer  central-africain.  Bev.  Q^^ogr. 
Intemat^  No.  48,  p.  235. 

4089.  188L  Bouzdoi,  F. — ^La  France  au  Soudan.  Le  chemin  de  fer  trans- 
saharien.    Bev.  des  deux  Mondes,  Feb. 

4070.  1881.  Choisy,  Aiiguste,  Ing^nienr  en  chef  des  ]x>nts  et  chaussces. — Lc 
Sahara;  souvenirs  d'une  mission  ^  (ioleah.    Paris :  12mo,  pp.  290. 

The  author  was  employed  as  engineer  on  the  survey  of  the  proposed  trans- 
saharan  railway. 

4071.  1881.  Gaseau  de  Vautibault. — Le  IVans-saharien  et  le  Trans-con- 
tiuental  africain.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  48. 

4072.  1881.  Bastide,  Ii. — Bel-abbes  et  son  arrondissement,  avoc  cartes,  plans, 
&c.    Oran :  8vo,  pp.  462. 

4078.  1881.  Waille,  Victor.— Uart  fran9ai8  en  Alg^rie.  Rev.  Pol.  et  Litt, 
3«  s^r.,  t.  L  pp.  630-2. 

4074.  1881.  Fuatix,  Frank. — Souvenirs  alg^riens — Les  Alssaouas.  Rev.  Pol. 
et  Litt.,  3*  s^r.,  t.  i.  p.  665. 

4076.  1881.  Joumault,  JAon. — Algdrie.  La  r^forme  administrative.  Rev. 
PoL  et  Litt.,  4*  sdr.,  t.  ii.  p.  121. 

The  subject  alluded  to  is  the  rattachement  of  the  various  services  of  the 
colony  to  their  respective  ministries  in  Paris. 

4076.  1881.  Duffuet,  Alfred. — Les  insurrections  du  sud  de  la  province  d'Oran 
de  1864  IL 1871.    Rev.  Pol.  et  Litt.,  3*  ser.,  t.  ii.  pp.  149-54. 

4077.  1881.  Wahl,  Maurice.— Les  reserves.  Rev.  Pol.  et  Litt.,  3«  ser.,  t.  iL 
p.  342. 

4078.  1881.  Meyer,  Alphonse,  Interprdte  militaire  en  retraite. — Don  prdcieux 
aax  amis,  traitant  des  qualitds  des  vdgdtaux  et  des  simples.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  99. 

Translation  of  an  Arabic  MS.  (No.  1031)  in  the  Library  at  Algiers.    This 


S62 


I  BlBLIOGRArHV  OF  ALGERtA. 


givn  tho  Anbic  natricf,  the  Frcittli  re preaeota lives, 
the  Joum  de  U6d.  et  .le  Plinrni.  tie  I'Algdrie. 
4070.    1881.    Coyne,  Oapltiilne  A,.  Service  central  d 
Ghaszia  daus  le  grand  Bnlinra.     llinJrairc  de  U  Ghai 
Braber  par  les  Cliaui1>iia  de  Metlili  ot  de  Gulda.     Alger ;  8vo,  pp.  44,  with  map. 

4060.  1881.    Amat,  Ii.— Intensity  de  I'flectricitf  atmos2)h<5ri(jue  dans  le  Qord  ilu 
Sahara.     Bull.  Litt.  ct  Scientif.  Suisse,  No.  2. 

4061.  1881.    Ife   Plat«B.u  de  Tad^mayt.— Sahai 
vol.  si.  No.  18G,  pp.  329-32. 

406S.    1B81.    Boudaire,  Comm.— Rapport 

complfiraont  des  liliideB  relatives  au  jirojot  d 

2  ma]iB.     From  tlic  Arch,  dei  Mixa.  t^c,  sir.  < 
4068.    1881.    Baudot,  Capitaine.~:^tnt  i 

iiitirLeure  de  I'AlgiJrie.     Bull,  i^,  Gisigr.  Lyi 


algeri 


L'Explontiun, 


laderniire  expodltioo  dea  CI 
WT  intdrieure.    Toria :  8to, 


itiiel    de    la  question   de 
1,  vol.  iii.  No.  18,  pp.  320-43. 


4084.    1881.    P6Iagaud,E.-Ut 
4066.     1881.    Fariaot,   Commd. 

Alg^rie.     Bull,  de  ia  Soc  Gdogr.  dc 

4086.     1881.     TiBOOt,  J.,  Ing,5iiieu 

carte  gtelogiijue  provisoire  du  depa: 


ler  BBhHrienoe.  Lyon  :  8vo 
V.  —  Les  orJrea  religieu: 
I'Esl,  Nancy,  p.  C04. 

■  en  ciief  di-s  Mines.— Texte  eiplicalif  d 
leiuent  de  Conalantioe.  Alger ;  8vo,  pp. 
— Tehesaa  et 


t  astronoiiiiquc  de  I'Algcric  nrce 
t,  pp.  94-106. 
iiig  the  Nortlieni  Ci>ast  of  Africa, 


4087.    1881.    HeroD  de  TillefoaBe,  I 

Monde,  vol.  xi.  Nos.  1017-18,  pp.  1-^52. 

4068.  1881.     Monln,  H.— Jouttion  g^rul&iiiue 
I'lCapagnc.     Diipeyron,  llev.  de  G^ng.,  August, 

4069.  1881.      Oorringe,  H.  H.— A  Cnii 
Bull.  AmtSr.  G^ogr.  Soc.,  No.  2,  p|>.  47-58. 

4000.  1882.  Qeoflify,  Au^uate. — fitndes  d'aprJs  Fromcnlin :  A  Tonibrc — Ben 
Talb  le  M'iabi. — Le  rnviu  des  liinriira— Dana  noa  Alps — Le  gfinic  scrbe.  Paris; 
12mo,  pp.  247.  The  two  laat  are  uncount-cted  wilh  Algeria- 
40B1.  1882.  ABBOOisUon  rranjaiae  pour  rAvancowent  dea  Seiencce.  Comjite 
liendu  de  la  10*  Sesaion  &  Alger,  1881.  Farla;  8vo,  pp.  1241  i  mnps  and 
tlliutratlon<^. 

The  meeting  was  undir  the  prpsi'limcy  of  M.  Albert  Gifry,  Govcnwr- 
Gentrul  of  Algeria,  and  an  opening  addrew  wns  given  by  M.  Chauvcau,  Pri>- 
fesaur  of  the  Facullj-  of  Meiiicine  at  Lyunit,  on  '  Ferments  et  Virus.' 

4095.  188-'.    Wahl,  Maurice.— Li  gfogmphte  de  I'Algirie.    ra|«r  read  at  liie 
Assoc.  FraD9.  ponr  I'Avanco.  lica  Sci. — See  Compie  Iteodu,  p.  41. 

The  author  pnbliBbed  a  Be|iaralB  work  on  thU  aubject  in  the  aanic  year, 
*L'Alg6rie.'    Paris:  8vo,  pp.  344. — Sec  also  Hev.  I'ul.  et  Litt.,  S"Bdr.,  t.  iv.  p,2L 

40e&    Les  Bcrberua.    Rev.  I'ol.  et  Litt.,  2°  sir.,  t.  iii.  p.  058.    A  well- 

writteQ  paper. 
4094.    1882.    Fomel,  A.,  S^nitteur,  Directeur  de  r£oole  Sup^ieure  dea  Sciences  i 
Algt'r. — L'Algi5rie  et  lo  Nord  d'Afrirpie  aux  temi>a  g&iiogiciuea.     Compto  Ifcnila 
de  I'Assoo.  Franf.  pour  I'Avance.  des  Sci.,  p.  42. 
4006.    1882.    Playfialr,  LieuL-Coloael  K.  L.— Vlaite  an  pays  dea  Klionttir 
(Eromirs),    I.  c,  p.  Gl. 

4096.  1883.    Calmela,  Martin.  Ingi'uieiir  dea  Arts  et  Monrtfactures. — Snr  1> 
divasement  des  barragea-nSaervoirs  «ii  AlgOrie,  ou  moyen  de  ia  force  molrioa  4 

X  du  barrage  et  de  I'ait  couiprimi!.    1.  c.,  ji.  243. 


.  A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  SGS' 

<40e7.    1882.    Fourohault,  Colonel.— Villages  ddfensifs.    1.  c,  p.  283. 

1882.    Brocaxdt  Capitaine  du  G^nie,  charg^  du  Service  M^t^rologique 
de  I'Alg^e. — Rcmarques  but  le  Climat  de  I'Alg^rie.    1.  c,  p.  429. 

Carto  des  pluies  en  Alg^rie.    1.  c,  p.  476. 


•4100.  1882.  DurandOy  M.,  Professeur  de  botanique  k  Alger. — Note  aor  une 
excursion  ^  la  forSt  de  cMres  de  Teniel-el-Haad.    1.  c,  p.  617. 

•4101.  1882.  Martixi,  Henri. — Membre  de  I'Acad^ie  Fran^aise. — Les  monu* 
ments  m^alithiqiies  de  TAIg^rie.    1.  c.,  p.  732. 

•4102.  1882.  Binn,  lie  Ck>mmandant. — Chef  du  service  central  des  affaires 
indig^Des  au  Gouvernement  gdn^ral. — Origines  berb^res.  £tudes  de  linguistique. 
l.'c,  p.  772. 

•410a  1882.  Bataillard,  FauL— Sur  Ics  Bobdmiens  ou  Tsigancs,  parficuli^- 
mcnt  en  AJgdrie.    1.  c,  p.  782. 

4104.  1882.  Milloty  Dr.  Bex\]amin.— Le  dess^hement  du  lac  Fetzara.  1.  c, 
p.  802. 

4106.  1881.  MoucheZy  Ck>ntre-aniiral,  Membre  de  rinstitut,  Directeur  d& 
rObservatoire  de  Paris. — La  c6te  et  les  ports  de  I'Alg^rie.  Lev6  hydrographique 
de  la  odte.    L  c,  p.  995. 

4100.  1882.  Ferrier,  Ijieut.-Ck>loneL — Jonction  gdod^sique  et  astronomique 
de  I'Alg^rie  avec  TEspagne.    1.  c,  p.  1002. 

4107.  1882.  Bouty,  IL,  Crarde-mines. — ]£tat  de  la  question  des  chemins  de  fer 
trans-sahariens.    1.  c. 

4106.  1882.  BenaucU  Georges*  Directeur  de  la  Kevue  G^g.  Internationale. — 
Colonisation  de  TAlg^rie  septentrionale.    1.  c,  p.  1026. 

4100.  1882.  De  Oalland,  Frofeseeur  Charles. — Excursion  dans  la  Petite* 
Kabylie.    L  c,  p.  1093. 

4110.  1882.  Chervin,  M.  le  Dooteur. — Excursion  dans  la  Kabylie — Palestro— 
Beui-Man9our — Col  de  Tirourda — Fort-National.    1.  c.,  p.  1106. 

4111.  1882.  Bemy,  le  Dooteur. — Excursion  dans  la  Grande  Kabylie.  1.  c, 
p.  1118. 

4112.  1882.  Qniroty  IL — ^Excursion  au  tomVeau  du  roi  Juba  11.  et  de  la  reine 
Cl^patre  Sdldne  (Koub-el-Houmia)  et  &  la  citd  romaine  de  Tipaza.    L  c,  p.  1125. 

4118.    1882.    G^toain,  M. — Excursion  dans  le  sud  du  Tell.    L  c,  pp.  1128. 

4114.  1882.  Martin,  IL  HenrL-^Excursions  k  la  n^ropole  megalithique  de 
Bou  Koara;  Djebel  Merab;  Signs;  Roknia;  Alger,  &c.,  witb  many  interesting 
illustrations.    L  c,  p.  1135. 

4115.  1882.  Farmentier,  GMn^raL — ^Vocabulaire  arabe-fran^ais  des  prin- 
dpanx  termes  de  g^grapbie  et  des  mots  qui  entrent  le  plus  frdquemment  dans 
la  composition  de  noms  de  licux.    L  c,  Supplement. 

4110.    1882.    Babatier,    IL — Gdograpbie  pbysique  du  Sahara  central.    1.  c, 

p.  989. 
4117.    fitude  sociologique  sur  les  Kabyles. 

4^13,    Essai  sur  Torigine,  et  revolution  et  les  conditions  actuelles  des 

Berb^res  s^entaires.    Rev.  d' Anthropologic,  11«  annde,  2«  s^rie,  t.  v.  pp.  412-42. 
A  very  interesting  account  of  the  Kabyles  of  Djurdjura  and  two  tribes  of 
MoroccOy  Ait  Alsaa  and  Ait  Mes&d. 


361 


A  IllBI.lOGRAPHV'  OF  ALGEKIA. 


i  et  la  Ekbg 


4119.     1SH2.     Dor,   H.— Sourenirs   du  Cougrbs  d'AIj^r;   Ti 

Lyon:  8vo,  pp.  03. 
4iaa    1882.    Pallet.— L'AJgirie.    Eouen :  8vo,  pp.  224. 
41S1.     1882.    Habourdin,  IiUoieiL,  Monibre  de  Ia  fremi^re  mUsian  Flatten.- 

Algdrie  el  Sahara.     La  question  africaine;  i^tiide  pulitique  et  (^Domiqi 

;1«es  de  pierre  du  Sahnra  central.     Prdhistoire  ct  ethnograpliie  africaine.     Carte 

I't  itin^raire  de  la  premiere  misBiou  Flatters.     Paris :  8ro,  pp.  161. 
41SS.    1882.    Ijatruffe,  C— Itiiifmire  an  pays  des  Nenicmclia.    Bull 

G63g.  de  Paris,  pp.  381-401. 
4138.    1882.     Coudreau,  H.  A. — Le  pays  de  WargUt  et  les  peuples  de  Vl 

de  Uartiuaan.     Paris :  IGrao,  pi>.  5G. 
4134.     1882.     Derrficagaix,  T. — Exploration  da  Sahara.     Lg»  iU-dx  iniBcianBi 

Lieiit.-ColoDel  Flatti^rs,     Bull.  Soc  Geugr.  Paria,  No.  I,  p;..  131-271,  with 
4186.     lfiB2.    Deecubes,  A.— fitudes  sur  tea  deux  eip<yilio!i8  du  Lieut.-Colonel 

Flattfira.     Bull.  Soc.  Xormande  clo  GA)"^!'.,  March. 
4iae.    1882,    Bsrnanl,  F.~~Ln  Sebklia  d'Amndgbur  ct  IciaaEaacrederespfditiaa 

Flatters.     Bull.  Soc.  Gifegr.  PariH,  No.  2,  pp.  416-H. 

4157.    Deuxit'uo  mUsiuD  FUtters,  hisloriqne  et  rapporlii  r^gda  ant 

central  des  aflalrea  indigeues.     Alger :  8vd,  pp.  3C8,  with  map. 

M.  Bernard  was  a  member  ol  the  Grsl  misiiioD. 

4158.  1882.    Saubige,  Charles. — Le  Mozabite  contrc  I'Arabe.   Itcvue  des 
Mondes,  iBt  October. 

4128.     1882.    Hichet,     Oharlea.— Une    eionrsion    dans    I'Oued    Ttir. 

ir.th  May. 
4130.     1882.     M'rah   ould  Bel-Ha4JL— De   Tlem^en  au    >Iaroc.     Bull,   de  U 

Soc.  Gdog.  de  Bordeaux,  IK8a,  p.  2i;9. 
4181,     1882.     Farina,   Ch.— Kabj-lea  et  Kroumira.      Paris;  8vo,  pp.  430, 

illustratiOQS.     Cunljiins  uollriug  very  original,  but  hau'lsomely  got  up. 

4185.  1882.     Philibert,    O^nAral   C.~.A%<<rie  et  Sahara.     Le   Qioini 
guerite.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  MS.     From  tho  '  SpecUteur  Mililaire. 

4138.     1883.    Bulletin  de  GorreBpondanoe  Afrieaiaa.    Autiqutiea  libyqnei, 
piiniiiues,  grecque*  et  romaines  (fictile  Sup.  dea  Lettres  d' Alger).    Alger:  8vo. 
The  lirst  uuinbi'r  was  pubiislieJ  in  January  1882,  by  Emile  Uas<iueray, 
"  Le  Directeur  de  I'fieole.'' 
4134.     1882.    De  la  Blanob^re,  Bend,— Kaoun.  Note  si 

lerriloires  d'Amiiii-MousB.     Bull.  Corresp.  Afr.,  3  faso.  1882,  pp,  147-56. 

Kaoua   is   the   modtrn   name   of    an   interesting    Konian   fortroM  of  i 
'I'heodosiaQ  epoch,  bearicg  the  came  of  Furiuus,  evideutly  a 
country. 

4136.     ~ Les    S.)uaBia    do    MecherafH,    province   d'Orau.  —  See   'Mi'longa 

d'Archiologie  et  d'Histoire,'  publics  par  I'ficolo  Fraofaiao  de  Rome,  8vo,  7  pp. 
and  pUte.  Alao  Bull,  de  la  Soo.  de  Gfcg.  et  d'Arcli.  d'Onm,  18**2,  No.  14, 
Arch.  p.  148. 

4186.     Monnaio  d'or  du  Ptoluoiue,  roi  de  MauritJiuie.      Bull.  Corresp.  J 

Alger,  5  faac.  pp.  201-5. 

4187.  1882.    ITordBtrb'm,  J.  A.,  Cons,  Gen.— Cocisuiar  Itepurt ;  sec  Berilltd 
om  handel  och  sj;;fnrl,  Stockholm,  No.  5,  pp.  320-0. 


.    Carte 

hni4^H 
-Colonel 

ipiditien | 

de  U  . 


A  BIBU06RAPHY  UP  ALGERIA.  365 

^laa    1882.    lOxiArd,  D.  A.  D.— Episodes  de  la  guerre   d'Afrique,  1843-49. 
Chartres :  8yo,  pp.  103. 

'4188.    1882.    Babelon,  Smest — ^Monnaie  de  Syphax,  rot  des  Mass^yliens. 
BulL  de  la  Soc  de  Geog.  et  d'Arcli.  d*Oran,  1882,  No.  14,  Arch.,  pp.  129-33. 

^4140.    1882.    Gastrin  M.  de.— Notes  sur  Figuig.     1.  c,  pp.  242-63.     Also 
Bull.  Soc.  G6ogr.  Faria,  No.  2,  p.  401,  with  map. 

-4141.     1882.    Guenard,  O. — ^Les  Djedar  de  Freudab.     L  a,  pp.  264-71,  with  an 
iliufitration. 


1882.    Demaeght,  Ii. — ^Le  Dahra  occidental.    1.  c.,  pp.  254-63,  with  map. 

^4148.  1882.  Cat,  £doaard. — Rapport  &  M.  le  Ministre  concemaut  le  pays 
compritf  entre  Gherchell  et  T^nds  et  la  region  maritime  d' Alger  ^  Bougie.  Bull. 
Gorresp.  Afr.  Alger,  1  £uc.  p.  29 ;  2  Uac.  p.  127. 

Une  excursion  d' Alger  k  Tunis.     Dupeyron,  Rev.  de  Geogr.,  Dec., 


xL  pp.  445-52. 

4146.  1882.  Talbot  de  Malahide,  Iiord.— On  the  Antiquities  of  Algeria. 
Read  in  the  Section  of  Antiquities  at  the  Soc.  Science  Meeting,  GarHsle, 
August  Ist,  1882.     Pp.  12. 

4148.  1882.  I«eroy  Beaulieu,  FauL — La  colonisation  de  TAlg^e :  Europ^ns 
et  indigenes.     Rey.  des  deux  Mondes,  15th  Oct. 

4147.  1882.  Jouxdan,  U.S.  Gonsul. — Report  on  Ostrich  Farming  in  Algeria. 
American  Oonsular  Reports,  Washington,  24th  October,  pp.  577-82. 

414a     1882.    Noellat,  V.— L'Alg^rie  en  1882.    Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  138. 

Golonel  Noellat  was  commandant  sup^rieur  at  Biskra  when  he  wrote  this 
volume. 

4149.  1882.  Barclay,  Edgar. — Mountain  Life  in  Algeria.  London:  8vo, 
pp.  xviiL  and  119,  with  8  full-page  illustrations  by  2)hotogravure  from  drawings 
by  the  author. 

These  f<vm  excellent  illustrations  of  Eabyle  life. 

4160.  1882.    Ardouin. — L'Alg^e,  politique  et  oconomique.    8vo,  pp.  865. 

4161.  1882.  Hamy»  Dr. — ^Note  sur  les  figures  et  les  inscriptions  d'el  Hadj 
Mimoun.    Extracted  from  the  Revue  d'Ethnographie. 

4168.  1882.  Armieuz,  Dr.— -On  Saharan  Inscriptions.  Bull.  Soc  de  G^^ogr.  de 
Toulouse,  1882. 

4S68.    1882.    Szonrslons  dans  I'Atlas,  dans  la  Kabylie,  &c.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  74. 

4164.  1882.  Blanch^re,  Ben6  de  la. — Inscriptions  de  la  Mauritanie  G^sa- 
rienne.    BulL  Soc  Gorresp.  Afr.,  fasc.  iii.  pp.  113-25. 

4166.  -■  Antiquity  romaines  au  palais  archi^piscopal  d*Alger.     1.  c,  £uc.  i. 

p.  23. 

4166.  1882.  Masqueray,  & — Inscriptions  inddites  d'Aozia  et  determination 
de  Rapidi  et  de  Labdia.    1.  c,  £bsc.  L  pp.  7-22. 

4167.  — — -  Inscriptions  incites  de  Imetterchou,  &c,  A  number  of  places  in 
and  around  the  Aurds  Mountains.    1.  c,  fasc.  vi.  pp.  277-341. 

4166.    La  st^le  libyque  de  Souama.    L  c,  fasc.  i.  p.  38. 

4166.    —  El  Meraba  des  Beni  Ouelban.    1.  a,  &8C  ii.  pp.  45-109,  with  map. 
An  important  paper  on  the  archfeology  of  El  Maraba,  a  plain  near  Gollo 
traversed  by  the  Oued  Guebli,  and  inhabited  by  the  B.  0. 


866  A  BiBUOGRAl'HY  OF  ALGERIA. 

4180.    1832.    Uaaqueray,  E.— Sour  Djuuab  (lUiudi)— Ain  Bessem — Ain  bi 

1.  u.,  fasc.  V,  i>\:  2C(>-(J3, 
4161.    Lc  KsourdtB  Oulad  ZeVan  et  U  Feilj,  iiris  Kbenchla.    L  c,  I 

pp.  264-9. 
4iaa,     1882.     Brandt,  Dr.    O.  H.— Ham  mum   R'lrlin,  a  winter  bath  s 

Loudon. 

4163.  1882.    Brunton,    Dr.  Iionder.  —  Noiica  of   Hammtun  R'Irha  i 
'Practitioner'  for  April  1881  and  November  1882. 

4164.  1882.     Benard,   Dr.    Ih^eat.—  ItfsultaU   th^peatiqufB    dc  Hun; 
ICJrliB.     Ali^er. 

416fi.     1882.     Eabelt,  Dr.  W.— Hammara  B'Jrhn.     Aigcr, 

4166.  1882.    Fauctiueux,  D.— NouTcau  dictionnairo  dcs  commuoes  de  VXlgl 
I'oria:  t>TO.  pp.  312. 

4167.  1882.    Pavlor,  A.— Tiie  Teaiile  Nettles,  Iliiea  or  llamic,  Chinese  Nettle, 
history,  culture  and  decorticatloti.     Traoslatcd  from  tbe  French.     LoDduu :   Svo, 


n..4s. 

RefereQce  la  made  to  the  ca])ability  of  Algeria  for  ihe  growth  of  this  plant. 

4168.  1882.  Cuignat,  Dr.  P.  L.— LVuvro  du  doct*nr  Meillot  en  Algftie. 
Paris ;  8va,  pp.  29.     A  viIiHge  in  the  Ducd  es>Sabel  has  been  named  after  liim. 

418B.  1882.  Thomas,  Ph.,  Tdl^rinoire. — Rcchercliea  BUr  lea  Bovid^s  foesiles  ie 
PAIg^rie.  Meukn  :  8vo,  pp.  47,  with  2  plates.  From  the  Bull,  de  In  Soc,  Zoo!, 
de  Friincc. 

4170.  1882.  CMtler,  A.,  Inspecteur  dea  ForSts.— :^tude  aur  les  causes  ilii 
diiboiaemcnt  ea  Algeria  et  les  moyeos  d'y  remMier.     Miliana :  84ino,  pp.  66. 

4171.  1882.  Statistiquo  gdnfiralB  do  I'Algiric,  annies  1879-81  (Gonvcrtiorotnt 
g<!n<!rBl  de  I'Alpdric).     Pnrja  :  8vci,  j.p.  340. 

4172.  1882.  Tlrman,  Louia,  Gouv.  giSn^ml  dc  I'Algdrie.— Exposi  ds  1» 
situation  genf-ralc  de  I'Algerie,    Ai^er:  8vo,  pp.  157. 

4178.     1892.     Playfiiir,    Lleat.-CDL  R.  L.— Report  on   the   Agriciiltui 

Commerce  of  Algfrin  fur  1880.     Consular  Commercial  Reports,  1882,  p.  761. 
4174.     Report  on  the  Trndc  and  Commerce  of  Algiers  for  1881.     Coin 

Commcrcinl  Heports,  1882,  p.  1517. 
4176.    1882.    Gaatelot,    K,  Vicc-Coaaiil   de   Belgique. —  Rapport 

Rec.  Cons.,  21st  Nov. 
4176.    1882.    Offloia  propria  |iroviticia)  ecclesiastics  nlgeriana;  ae  carthagiat 

et  tunelani  vicariatiiB  .  .  .  demaodalolll.et  Rev.  D.D.  Caroli  HirtiaJia  Atleroand- 

Lavigerie, archiepiscopus, etc.     Turouibus:  18.113.     Pars  hiematis, pp.  148. 


astira,  pp.  90. 
4177.     1882.     Iiooq,  Hipp' — L'uxi-loitfllion  agricole   de  La   'J'rappe  de 

Alger  J  8to,  pp.  46. 
4178. Le  domaine  des  aourcea  (t 

M.  A.  ArtSs  Dufour.    Alger:  8vu,  p[i, 

in  Austria,  translated  from  the  Gorman. 

4178>    1882.    Ii^joye,    K.,  Avocat. — Le    traDsrSrement  dcR  rccluBionnairca 
AlgL-ric.    £tii<le  nil  iK>iat  de  vuc  pfidtcDcier.    Paris:  24mo,  pp.  81, 


Exploitation  igricolade 
)n  the  eoflilage  of  n 


I 

nnensH 

.^ 

ricola  de         I 

1 


A  BIBUOGRAPUr  OF  ALGERIA.  3G7 

4180.  1882.  Iiemaitre,  Jules. — Souvenirs  d'Alger.  Fo^sie.  Extracted  from 
a  work  about  to  be  published  under  the  title  of  *  Petites  orientales.'  Bev.  Pol.  ct 
Litt.,  3'  s^r.,  t.  \v.  p.  844. 

4181.  1882.  Fomel  et  Fouyanne,  A.  et  J. — Texte  explicatif  de  la  cnrte 
g^logique  provisoire  au  1/800,000  des  provinces  d' Alger  et  d'Oran.  Alger :  8vo, 
pp.  83. 

-4182.    1882.    Bri^re,  A. — Lettrcs  sur  le  Trans-saharlen.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  43. 

4188.  1882.  Bameaudy  £. — Le  chemin  de  fer  de  sud-ouesi  Oranais,  son  role 
militaire  et  son  r6le  ^conomique.    Dupeynm,  Rev.  de  Geogr.,  July,  pp.  18-28. 

4184.  1882.  Baills. — Extrait  du  rapport  sur  les  lignes  de  SaTda  et  de  Haz-el-Md. 
Bull.  Soc.  G^ogr.  Oran,  No.  15,  pp.  289-303. 

4186.  1882.  Fousaet,  A. — L'Alg^rie  et  les  chemins  de  fer  k  voio  dtroite.  Pro- 
gramme rationnel  du  r^seau  alg^rien.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  94  and  table. 

4188.  1882.  Iiamairesae,  Ing^nieur  en  chef  des  ponts  ct  chanss^es. — Du  regime 
l^al  des  eaux  en  Algdrie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  47. 

4187.  1882.  Bastide,  M.  Ii. — Bel-Abbds  et  son  arrondissement,  histoire,  divisions 
administr.,  etc.    Oran  :  8vo. 

4188.  1882.  Desooub^  Commandant  £. — Historique  du  1*^  raiment  de 
Zouaves.    Paris:  8vo,  jip.  287. 

4189.  1882.  Hubler,  T.— Le  departement  do  la  Tafna.  Bull.  Soc.  Googr. 
Gomm.  Bordeaux,  No.  12,  pp.  379-80. 

4190.  1882.    Kiva.— Les  Oulad  Sidi  Cheikb.    Spect.  Milit. 

4191.  1882.  Mer  int^rieure.  Commission  sup^rieure  pour  I'examen  du  projet 
de  mer  intdrieure  dans  le  sud  de  TAIgdrie  ct  de  la  Tunisie,  pr^entd  par  M.  lo 
Commandant  Roudaire.    Paris :  4to,  pp.  548,  with  map. 

4192.    Rapport  prdsentd  au  President  de  la  Rdpublique  par  le  Ministre  des 

afifaires  dtvangdres  sur  les  travaux  de  la  commission  instini^  pour  I'examen  du 
projet  de  mer  intdrieure  dans  lo  sud  de  I'AIgdrie  et  de  la*  Tunisie  et  sur  les 
conclusions  de  cette  commission.    Joum.  0£f.,  4th  August,  pp.  4213-4216.  ^ 

419a  1882.  Brunialti,  A.— El  Mare  del  Sahara.  L'Esploratore,  vol.  vi.  No.  6, 
pp.  211-18. 

4194.  1882.  Cosson,  K — ^Nouvelle  note  sur  le  projet  de  creation  en  Algdrie  ct 
en  Tunisie  d'une  mer  dite  intdrieure.  Comptes  Rend.  Acad,  des  Sc,  t.  xciv. 
Na20. 

4196.  1882.  La  mission  topographique  au  Chott  Tigri.  L'Explora^ion,  vol. 
xiiL  No.  278,  pp.  861-6. 

4196.  1882.  Thrige,  8.  B. — Roudaires  plan  til  at  oversvomme  en  del  af  Sahara. 
(Jeogr.  Tidskrift,  vol.  vi.  No.  3,  pp.  33-5. 

4197.  1882.    Foitou-Duplessy,  Dr.— La  mer  des  Chotts.  Lorient :  8vo,  pp.  16. 

4198.  1882.  Bividre,  J. — Recueils  de  contes  populaires  de  la  Kabylie,  du 
Djurjura,  recueillis  et  trad.  par.    Paris :  18mo. 

4199.  1882.  Boland,  0. — Observations  mdtdorologiques  faites  au  Sahara  en 
janvier-avril  1880.    Paris :  8vo.    From  the  Annuaire  M6tdor.  de  France. 

4900.    Sur  les  grandes  dunes  de  sable  du  Sahara.    Bull.  Soc.  Gdolog.  do 

France,  vol.  x.  No.  1,  pp.  31-47. 
VOL.  n.  2  b 


SC8 


I  ISlDUOGRArilY  OF  ALOEitlA. 


4201.    1882.    Gerloff,  Valentin  de.— A  Jouniej  in  ihe  Atias  ad  tTie 

part  of  ihc  AlscTinn  Snhnm.     Proc.  lioy.  Geosr.  Soc.,  No.  6,  pp.  358-89. 

The  writer  vifiiied  Wargla  ami  other  jwrls  of  iho  M'mIi  confederation, 
gives  an  Mcoant  of  Ihe  IbbI  Flatters  expeijitioo. 
4S0S.    1882.    Sehwa»,  B.— Wargla.    Ans  alien  Welttheilen,  vol.  xiij.  No. 

pp.  276-9, 
4308.    1882.    Tarry,    H.— L'occupalion    cl'Inaalah.      L'Explonition,    to!J  xiT. 

No.  280,  pp.  1-12. 
4204.    L'occupation  du  M'oib.     Bull.  Soc  Googr.    UaneJlle,  No.   12, 

pp.  364-T. 
4206.     1882.     Orammont,  H.  D.  de. — Uu  episode  diploinatiqno  H  Alger  nit 

This  paper  was  read  at  the  annual  meeting  of  learned  societies 


at  'liw_  J 


4207. -Un  Acud£miciencaptir4Alger(1674-75).     t.c.,p. 

The  person  in  question  was  it  celebrated  numismatist,  Jean  ¥oy  Taillant; 
he  died  in  1706.— See  also  No.  423G. 
4206.    18B2.    Tauxler,  H.— Lea  deiis  rddaotiong  du  pfriple  d'Hannon.    L  c., 

p.  16. 
4208.    1882,    Heufvllle,  Jacob  de.— Notes  au  crajon  sur  I'Alg^rie.    Fmib  ;  6vo, 
pp.  14. 

4210.  1882.     BaecbereUe,  £mlle.— Catnlogiie  des  muusses  obsem^en  Alg(:-ric. 
Alger;  8vo,  pp.  41, 

4211.  1883.     Topinard,   P.— Lea   types   indigenes    de    I'Algirie.     I^ris:   Sto, 
—See  also  Bull,  de  la  Soc  d'Anthrop.,  19  mai,  16  juiu  1881. 

4212.  1882.    Maesacre  lie  trois  tnissiomi aires  de  la  mission  du  Salian  at  ds- 
Soudan.     Lfs  Missions  CaLh.,  No,  659,  pp.  77-80. 

4218.     1882.    Toumafond,  F. — La  massacre  des  Pities  d' Alger  paries  Touare-^ 

L'Esploralion,  vol,  xiii.  No.  263,  pp.  329-35. 
4214.    1882.    Bomfta.    a.— Liegl  ein    Grund  vor,  die   St&lteIievQl1ierang  voa 

Morokko,  AlgtTien,  Tunisien  und  I'ripolitonien  als  dne  besonderc  at  bBCrachtoi 

und  zu  bencDuen.     Austnnd,  No.  IG,  pi).  301-7. 
4S16.    1882,    Du    Maaet,    A.  —  Etudes    alg^riennes.     L'AlgiSria    politiqce   et 

fconomique.     I'nris:  8vo,  pp.  367. 

4216.  1882.    Gaffarel,  P.— Quelqnea  mola  aur  les  Khrouinits.    Bull.  Soc.  Gfogr. 
Dijon,  vol.  i.  No.  1,  p[i.  4-12. 

4217.  1882.    Qrad,  Ch.— Visile  .1  Toaais  de  LsghouaL  U.  Nature,  4lh  FeK 
25th  Maicli,  Xos.  453  and  460. 

4218.    Lcs  travnux  publics  en  AlgSrie.    Bull,  Soo.  G£ogr.  de  PEst. 

4218.     1882.     Inetructiona    ])our    I'es&ution    des   travaux    Wpographiquea 

Algarie  par  le  MinislSre  de  la  Guerre.     Paris :  18mo,  pp.  72. 

422a    1882.    Laporte, -4 t^ouvtnirs  d' Algarie.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  288. 

4321.     1882.     IiOTeBqiies,  H. — l^cclia  Monate  In  der  Frovlnz  Oran.     Ausland, 

vol.  It.  No.  48. 


togr. 


J 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  360 

1882.  Maro,  XL  —  De  la  colonisation  en  Alg^rie.  Bull.  Soc.  G<Sogr. 
Gomm.  Bordeaux,  voL  ix.  No,  19,  pp.  577-89. 

1882.  Fearae,  O. — The  Kabylcs,  with  a  report  of  the  Eabyle  mission. 
London :  8vo,  pp.  40,  2  maps. 

4224.  1882  ?  no  date.  Bexiss,  Br.  Ii.  M. — k  trayers  I'Alg^rie,  avec  22  dessins 
originanx  de  Tauteur.    Paris :  16mo,  pp.  230. 

4226.  1882.  Niel,  O.— Geographic  et  itindraire  de  TAlgdrie  et  de  la  Tunisia. 
Bdne :  2  vol.,  map. 

4220.  1882.  Iiataste,  FemaiuL — Sur  le  bouchon  vaginal  du  Pachyaromys 
Duprasi,  Lataste.     Zoologischer  Anzeiger,  Nos.  110  u.  111. 

4227.    Mammif^res  nouveaux  d'Alg^rie.     Naturaliste,  1"  nov.  au  I*'  mars. 

4228w  1882.  Heyden,  Dr.  Ii.  vt>n. — Yerzeichniss  der  von  Herm  Dr.  Med.  W. 
Kobelt  in  Nordafrika  und  Spanien  gesammelten  Coleopteren.  Bericht  Senckenberg. 
Naturfl  Ges.  Frankfurt  am  Main,  p.  217. 

1883.  Maaqueray,  £. — ^Translation  by,  of  a  *  Rapport  h  rAcad^mie  Boyale 
des  Sciences  de  Berlin  sur  le  voyage  d'apr^  ses  instructions  pendant  Tbtver 
1882-83  en  Alg^rie  et  k  Tuuisie  par  Johannes  Schmidt  de  Halle.'  BuU.  Gorresp. 
Afr.,  1882,  pp.  394-401. 

The  author  was  charged  with  the  preparation  of  the  8th  vol.  of  Roman 
Inscriptions. 

L'Oued  AbdL    1.  c.,  p.  327. 


4281.  1883.    Gastu. — Le  peuple  alg^rien.    Paris :  8VO9  pp.  143. 

4282.  1883.  De  la  Blanohdre,  B. — ^Voyage  d'^tude  dans  une  partie  de  la 
Mauritanie  G^rienne.  Rapport  k  M.  le  Ministre  de  I'instruction  publique  et  des 
beaux-arts.  Archives  des  Missions  Scientifiques  et  Litt^raires,  3®  s^rie,  t.  x. 
pp.  1-129, 12  maps  and  plans. 

This  article  contaius  aa  admirable  description  of  the  ancient  monuments 
near  Tiaret  and  Prenda,  called  "  Les  Djedar,"  and  other  ruins. 

De    Rege    Juba,    Regis  Jubse   filio.    Thesim   facultati  litterarum 


Pansiensi  proponebat  Mari-Reuatus  de  la  Blanch^re  Gallice  in  urbe  scholsa  nuper 
socius.    Ptoisiis  :  8vo,  pp.  154. 

Latin  Thesis,  read  at  the  Sorbonne,  21st  November,  1883. — See  Rev. 
Critique,  7th  Jan.  1884.  Alao  Bull,  de  Gorresp.  Afr.,  t.  ii.  p.  470,  and  Deutsche 
Literaturzeitung,  No.  27.  5th  July. 

Sur  r&ge  des  gravures  rupestrcs  des  inscriptions  sahariennes  et  de 


rtoiture  libyque.    Bull.  Gorresp.  Afr.,  1882,  pp.  354-65. 

1883.    De  Gh^funxnont,  BE. — Un  Acad^micien  captif  d.  Alger.    Alger :  8vo« 
This  was  the  celebrated  numismatist  Yaillant,  who  in  1674  was  takeu 

prisoner  by  Algerines  when  proceeding  from  France  to  Rome  to  assist  at  the 

f&tes  of  the  Jubilee. — See  also  No.  4207. 

4287.  1883.  Hauasonville,  Comte  d'.— La  colonisation  officielle  en  Alg^rie. 
Des  essais  tent^  depuis  la  conquSte  et  de  sa  situation  ddtaillde.  Rev.  des  deux 
Mondes,  I*'  juin  et  1®'  juillet. 

4288.  1883.  Joumault,  Ij^n. — ^Algdrie.  La  colonisation  officielle.  Rev.  Pol. 
et  Litt,  3«  s^r.,  t.  vi.  pp.  725-7. 

A  review  of  Le  Gomte  d'Haussonville's  '  Golonisation  officielle  en  Alg^rie.' 

4288.  1883.  Beaufranohet,  Baron  de. — Quelques  mots  sur  les  r^formds  eu 
Alg^rie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

2  B  2 


70 


UmLlOGGACHV  OF  ALGERIA. 


-La   I 


I   la  Riigeoce   d'AIger   a 


t  U  cooqufite. 


ql 


4840.     18B3.    I.acour. 

Paris :  8yo. 
4241.     1883.    Clamag^rao,  J.  J.— L'Algfirio;  impreBsioDB  de  voyage. 

12mo,  pp.  423. 
4342.     1883.     Meroier,  £nieBL— VAI<;drio  et  Ics  questions  alg6L'ienneA. 

hiatorique,  stntisiiquf  cl  iScononiique.     ftiis  :  8vo,  pp.  327. 
4248.    ifipiBodea  de  la  conqugw  de  I'Afrique  par  les  Arabes— Koceilia — Li 

Kahena.     Rec.  des  Not.  ct  Mi^ni.  de  la  Sec.  Atcli.  da  Coosr.,  vol.  sxii.  p.  232, 
4844.    1883.    Roubibre,  Ii. — Quinze  jours  :\  Uammam-Kiiha.     Paris:  ISmo. 

4346.  1»83.  Woille,  Victor.— Uqb  excursion  4  Hammam  Iliglia.  Rapport  a 
Monsieur  le  direoteur  de  renseignement  suiierleur.  Bull.  Corresp.  Afr.,  1882, 
pp.  312-63,  with  pliutugtaphic  illustratiooa.    Rejiort  la  dat«d  tStb  June,  1883. 

^46.  1883,  lies  ^laoteiirs  Cexihim  indigSues  de  I'Algeriu.  Bs>]UiBse  satiriqcc 
jar  un  Alg^rien.     Alger:  8vo.  pp.  21. 

Apropos  of  the  declaration  of  Jews  to  be  Frencli  citizens. 

4347.  1883.  Boquet,  Ii.,  and  M.  Simon.^ — GouTeruemeuI,  udnii  nisi  ration, 
legislation  de  rAlgorie.    Paris :  3  vol.  Bvo. 

4345.  1883.  Tirman,  lioula,  Guuverneur  g^n^ml  civti.— £tat  de  I' Algeria  an 
31  dtcembrc  18t<2,  publiu  d'apred  hs  documents  uflicitls.     AIgM;  8vo,  pp.  300. 

4346.  1883.  Biooux.— La  population  ciirop^mie  eu  Alg^rie  (1873-81).  Sta- 
tistiquc  d^iograpbique  de  rauQ^u  1882.    Alger :  8ro,  pp.  92. 

I'ui)liahed  with  tbe  approbation  of  the  Goveriior-Geiicral.    Full  of  valuable 
inroraiatioQ. 
4860.     1883.     IMUMratioa  aur  uu  empruat  de  2,500,000  (.  detstint^  aux  travaiix 
du  port  de  PliilipiKtville.     Pliilippeville ;  4to,  pp.  2C,  plan, 

4261.  1883.  Programme  de  I'ecolL'  pratique  d'^riculture  de  Roulbu.  Algiii 
pp.  12,  8vo. 

4262.  1883.  B^flexiona  sur  li:  projet  de  cr^tioa  en  Algurie  d'un 
d'agriculture  pour  les  enfanta  naaiat(«  du  ddpartement  de  la  Seine.  Alger 
pp.  52. 

4308.     1883.     Deiemon,  B.— Les  -vignea  de  I'Alg&'ie.     Paris :  8vo. 
4364.     1883.     Cossoo,  £.  — DIustTatioDea  Bora;  atJautide 

novarom,  rarioriim  vcl  ininus  cognitaruui  in  Algeria  uec  non  iu  rogno  U'unelano  et 

imiierio  Marocaiio  ii.isccntiutn.    Paris :  ful.,  25  plalea. 
4366.     CoDspectna  flonc  atlanticx  sen  cnumeratio  pinntarunx  omuium  in 

Algeria,  rugjio  Tunetaao  et  imperio  Harocano  huonstjue  iiutAriim  cshibeus  i^uoquc 

diagnoses  specieruiu  novamm  et  anDoUtiooea  de  pinntis  minus  cognitis. 
4266.    1883.    Iiistructlon  primaire  en  Algdrlo  (D&ret  aur  I'organisatioo  il« 

I'J.    Paris :  4to,  pp.  102. 

Jacqu«t,  Jules.^De  ropplicntion  des  lois  fraaraiafs  eu  A]g£ri& 


l^^^HI 


4267. 

Alger 


>,  pp. 


iog  shown  bow  far  a  law  is  apjilicable  in  Algeria  since  1834,  tlie 
author  examines  tbe  txcepliona  (established  by  experience. 
4258.    1883.    ^udea  sur  rnmdnseement  et  rutiiisation  dps  eaux  eo   Algurie. 
Published  by  the  Qovoriimeiit.  general.     Alger :  8vo,  pp.  167,  with  a  supplement, 
pp.  14. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  371 

4258.  1883.  F^ron,  A. — Essai  d'une  description  g^logi(iue  de  TAlgdrie  pour 
servir  de  guide  aux  g^logues  dans  TAfrique  fran^aise.    Paris :  8vo. 

4200.  1883.  FechaucU  Jean.  —  Excuroions  malacologiquea  dans  le  Nord  de 
PAfrique.    De  la  Oalle  &  Alger— D'Alger  k  Tunis.    Paris  :  8vo,  No.  i.  pp.  112. 

4261.  1883.  Valbert,  G.  (pseudonym  for  CherbuUiez).— Le  chemin  de  fer  du 
Soudan  et  les  trois  campagnes  du  Colonel  Borgnis-Desbordes.  Ee7.  des  deux 
Mondes,  I*'  octobre. 

4282.  1883.  Oust,  Bobert  Needham.— A  Sketch  of  the  Modern  Languages 
of  Africa,  accompanied  by  a  language  map.    Loudon :  2  vol.  8vo. 

Chap.  ix.  is  devoted  to  the  Hamitic  group.  A,  Egyptian ;  B,  Lybian  or 
Berber;  C,  Ethiopic. 

4208.  1883.  Brosselard,  le  Iiieutenant  H.,  Membre  de  la  Mission. — ^Voyage 
de  la  Mission  Flatters  au  pays  de  Touareg  Azdjers.  Ouvr.  illustr^  de  40  composi- 
tions, dessin^  par  E.  Juillerat,  d'aprSs  les  croquis  de  Tauteur  et  accompagn^  d'un 
itin^raire  de  la  mission,  tir6  en  lithographic.    Paris  :  12mo,  pp.  228. 

4264.  1883.  Max,  GuBtave,  Cons.  G^n.  de  Belgique. — Rapport  sur  I'^tat  de 
PAlg^rie.    Bee.  Cons. 

4265.  1883.  Henaud,  G.  —  La  colonisation  alg^rienne  au  congris  d' Alger. 
Paris :  12mo,  pp.  92. 

4266.  1883.  Kegnault,  F^lix.  —  Les  dolmens  des  Beni-Missous  (Province 
d'Alger).  Toulouse  :  8vo,  pp.  20,  6  plates.  Originally  published  in  the  Bulletin 
de  la  Soci^t^  d'Histoire  Naturelle  de  Toulouse,  1882. 

This  is  an  account  of  the  megalithic  remains  near  Guyotville,  and  of  others 
both  in  Algeria  and  France.  It  contains  a  note  by  M.  de  Saint- Simon  on  the 
shells  found  in  them. 

4267.  1883.  Hozet,  Capitaine  d'!l^tat-major. — Voyage  dans  la  B^ence  d'Alger, 
ou  description  du  pays  occup^  par  I'arm^e  fran9aise  en  Afrique,  contenant  des 
observations  sur  la  g^graphie  physique,  la  g^ologie,  la  m^t^orologie,  Thistoiro 
naturelle,  etc.,  etc.    Paris  :  3  vol.  8vo,  atlas  4to,  with  coloured  plates. 

4268.  1883.    Basset,  Ben^. — Notes  de  lexicographic  berb^res. 

The  first  series  appeared  in  the  '  Journal  Asiatique '  in  1883,  the  second 
in  1885,  and  the  third  in  1886.  This  work  gives  a  comparison  between  the 
various  dialects  spoken  in  Algeria. 

Mission  scientifique  en  Alg^rie  et  au  Maroc ;  and  '  Documents  g^ 


graphiques  sur  PAlg^rie  septentriouale.'     Bull,  de  la  Soc.  de  G4ogr.  de  I'Est, 
4*  trimestre  et  seq, 

4270.  1883.  Guy  de  Montpassant. — Au  soleil.  A  promenade  in  Algeria  by 
the  author  in  search  of  the  picturesque ;  of  no  great  importance.  Bev.  PoL  et 
Litt.,  July  and  Aug.,  pp.  609  et  seq, 

4271.  1883.  Grammont,  H.  D.  de,  and  L.  Fiesse. — Un  manuscrit  du  Pdre 
Dan — ^Les  illustres  captifs — Uistoire  g^ndrale  de  la  vie,  des  faits  et  des  aventures 
de  quelques  personnes  notables,  prises  par  les  infid^les  Musulmans. 

This  interesting  MS.  was  found  in  the  Bibliotheque  Mazarin ;  it  consists  of 
261  folio  leaves,  and  bears  the  number  1919. 

4272.  1883.  Guin,  Ii. — Una  improvisation  de  Pfcmir  Abd-el-Kader.  1.  c, 
p.  224. '  This  is  a  short  poem  in  praise  of  Tlemfen. 


JUOGRAPHl-  OF  ALGtlUA. 


4a7a     1883.     Qavault,   P.— Not 


ntitiquaa  lie  Toukria.     1.  11 


■  Tijaaa,     1.  c,  pp.  321  et  Kq. 


InterprSte  jadicJ 
biquc  dea  saints 


L 


4274. 

4976.    1883.    Delpeoh.  Adii«D,   ! 

(Le  Jariiin)  ou  diet  ion  nai  re  biogi'aph 
I.  Ct  pp.  380  eC  seq. 

This  work  wan  writlcD  b;  the  Cbeikli  Moliammed  bea  Mohammed  bea 
AliDied,  called  Benou  Meriem,  Eoh-Cherif,  a  native  of  Tlem^ea,  and  is  arranged 
alpbabeticall;. 
4276.     1883.     Fourrler,  H.^ — litiidc  sur  la  projct  de  creation  d'une  dipartement 

daDH  la  region  du  Cheliff.     Orldausville:  8vo,  pp.  48,  with  map, 
4377.     1883.     Fonciu,  P.,  Insirecteur  general  de  I'Univerait^.— L"in8trucLion  det 
indigenes  en  AljiiJcJe.     I'ariB:  8vo,  |>p.  47. 

The  autliuT  has    great  hopes  of  the  improretnent  of  the  Eabjlcs  hy 
education. 

4278.  18S3.  WaUle,  llariaL— La  France  d'Afriquc  et  ses  deBtindes.  Alget : 
pp.  .356. 

The  anthor  argnea  that  the  nxii  of  French  induence  ia  in  the  Uediterrancwi, 
where  it  should  concentrate  its  action,  and  ext^ad  itself  in  the  direecioB  of 

4279.  1883.  Fargea,  AbeL— Notes  fipigrapbiquea  aur  Masculu  (Kliencbla)  et 
notes  anr  divent  <ib]vts  dc  labricalioD  romaine  d^UTcrts  fi  Tebetum,  Tifecfa,  etc. 
Bull,  de  I'Acad,  d'Hippone,  No.  18,  1883,  6  plalea. 

4280;    1883.    Beboud,  T.— Matfriaux  pour  aervir  k  I'hiatoire  dcs  monomenta 

n^galithiquea  dea  provinces  de  ('oDatantine  et  d'Alger.    I.  c. 
A  work  of  great  importance. 
4281.    18R3.    C&Ksat,  E.— Lettre  il  M,  lo  Dr.  V.  lieboud  sur  les  inaeriptiong  de 

Signs.     Hec.  dea  Not.  ot  Mum.  de  la  Soe.  Arch,  de  Constantine,  vol.  xxii,  p.  1. 
4S8S.    1883,    Qoyt,  Aug.>~Iiiscrip1ions  relevto  dana  U  region  compriae  eatn 

CoustAntine,  Setif  et  PliJ1ip|«Tille.    1.  c,  p.  129. 
4S88.     1883.     Beboud,   Dr.   T. — Excursion  dans  la  Maoiina  et  sea  contreforts 

(1881).     I.  c,  pp.  17  et  leq. 

4284.     Excursion  dans  le  baasin  de  I'Oiled  GuebU.     1.  c,  p.  163. 

4386.    1883.    Foinsaot,  J.^Iuacriptioua  latit)ea  in^tee  de  Sdtif  et  de  qnd^i 

autres  locality.     1.  c,  p.  196. 

4280.  1883.  Julian,  Capitaine. — 1.  e.,  p.  214. — See  'Escuraion  de  Heui 
Martiu'  in  the  vol  of  jjroteediaga  ol'  Association  franfiisc  for  1881.    (No.  4114.) 

4287.  1863.  CliabB«Bi&ra,  Jules.— Fouillee  fkitea  i.  AIn-el-Bord}  (Tioiai). 
Rec.  de  Not.  et  M^m,  de  la  80c.  Arch,  de  Conatanttne,  vol.  xxii.  p.  222. 

428a  1883.  Ch6A6,  Comraaiidant— Fouillea  ei&utfiea  k  Tebesaa-Khella.  L  c, 
p.  269. 

4288.  1683.  Seajardins,  Emeat,  Membre  de  I'lnatitut. — Monument  lelatif  A 
la  li^gion  ii,  Herculla  (Mauritanie  Hutiftenne).     1.  c,  p.  280. 

4290.  1883.  Mdmoire  rddigi:  jitir  la  fomille  Sahraoui  pour  la  defense  de  Si  i-I 
lladj  Kaddour  Sabraool,  Agha  de  Tiurct.     Orau ;  8vo,  privKtelj  printed. 

The  object  of  this  brochnri.-  is  to  diaculpate  Si  Sahraoul,  regaling  tho 
muidcrs  of  Colonel  Beaupretre  (1664)  and  Lieut.  Weinbrcnner  (1881). 


aha  I 

snri  t 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  ALGERIA.  373 

'4291.    1883.    Bouairs  et  Zemalas.    Oran :  Svo.    Anon. 

In  French  and  Arabic.    An  apology  for  the  Bach  Agha  of  Frenda  Si 
Ahmed  Ould  Kadi,  and  the  facts  alleged  against  him  by  Sahraoui. 

4292.  1883.  Gurnard,  3L,  Gapitaine.— Les  Oulad  Sidi  Cheikh.  Oran:  8to, 
pp.  17,  two  plates. 

This  contains  three  parts — the  first,  their  history;  second,  genealogy; 
third,  remarkable  personages.' 

1883.    FoureaUy  M. — Excursion  dans  le  Sahara  alg^rien.    ^Exploration, 
voL  xvi.  p.  335,  with  map.    Bull.  Soc.  G^r.  Constantine,  vol.  ii.  No.  3,  pp.  34-52. 

1883.    Malte-Brun,  V.  A.— La  France  illustr^e.    Algdrie :  Noe.  385,389, 
393,  397,  with  maps  and  illustrations. 

4286.  Iiabatul,  F. — Notes  sur  TAIgdrie.    Helizane.    Alger :  12mo,  pp.  87. 

428a  1883.  Dieuzaide,  V.  A.— Histoire  de  1' Alg^rie  (1830-78).  Oran :  8vo, 
pp.  459. 

4287.  1883.  Margon,  lie  Comte  de,  Capitaine  au  10^  Hussards. — ^Insurrections 
dans  la  province  de  Constantine  de  1870  k  1880.  Extrait  des  Archives  du 
I*'  Conseil  de  Guerre.     Paris :  8yo,  pp.  211.    A  most  instructive  work. 

4288.  1883.    Bothier,  Numa. — Cultur«  de  la  Ramie.     Alger :  24mo,  pp.  17. 

4288.  1883.  Bertherand,  Dr.  £.  Ii. — Contribution  des  Arabes  au  progr^  des 
sciences  m^dicales.    Paris :  8vo.    From  Paris  Medical. 

4800.  1883.  Nouvion,  Gtoorges  ^de. — Bugeaud  et  la  conquSte  de  TAlg^ie. 
Bev.  PoL  et  Litt,  3«  s6:.,  vol.  v.  pp.  21-4. 

A  review  of  *  Le  Marshal  Bugeaud  d*aprds  sa  correspondance  intime  et  des 
documents  inMits.* 

4801.  1883.    Bolland,  G.—La  region  de  Ourgla.    Rev.  Sc.,  6th  Jan. 

-4802.  1883.  Soholz,  O.— Die  Oberfiachengestalt  der  Wiiste  Sahara.  Jahresber. 
d.  Realschule  zu  Ottensen,  1883. 

4808.  1883.  Guieyase,  B.— £tude  sur  le  Sahara  algdrien.  Bull.  Soe.  Bretonne 
de  G^ogr.  Lorient,  vol.  ii.  No.  1,  pp.  3-24. 

4804.    1883.    Sabatier,  C. — La  question  du  Sud-Ouest.    8vo,  pp.  72,  with  map. 

4806.    Notice  sur  le  pays  des  Tiffas.    Bull  Soc.  G^gr.  Oran,  No.  16, 

pp.  15-18,  with  map. 

4808.  1883.  GafriEtrel,  Paul,  Doyen  de  la  Faculty  des  Lettres  de  Dijon.— 
L'Alg^rie :  Histoire,  conquSte  et  colonisation.  Ouvrage  illustrd  de  4  chromo- 
lith(^raphies,  de  3  belles  cartes  en  couleur  et  de  plus  de  200  gravures  sur  bois. 
Paris:  4to,  pp.  708. 

A  superb  work.    The  frontispiece  is  a  representation  of  one  of  the  celebrated 
tapestries  of  Vermeyen. 

4807.  1883.    Boudaire,  Commandant. — La  mer  int^ieure  africaine.     Paris: 
8vo,  pp.  112,  with  two  maps. 

480a    1883.    Zittel,  K.  A.— Das  Saharameer.  Ausland,  vol.  IvL  No.  27,  pp.  524-9. 

4808.  1883.  Bouire,  Dr.— L'ancienne  mer  int^rieure  d*Afrique.  Nouv.  Rev., 
t.  xxiiL  pp.  296  et  seq. ;  BulL  Soc.  Gdogr.  de  I'Est*  p.  376. 

The  writer  places  the  inland  sea  in  the  basin  of  Lake  Kelbiah. 

4810.  1883.  CotteaUy  Feron  et  .Qauthier. — £chinides  fossiles  de  TAlgdrie* 
Description  des  espdces  d^jk  recueillies  dans  cc  pays  et  considerations  sur  leur 


S71 


I  BIBLIOGRAPHV  OF  ALOEr.IA. 


vul.  8vu 


vith  mnay  fiiii;  illustroticmi,  pogins- 


position  atratigraphinue.     Paris  : 
tion  not  continuous. 

4311.  1883.  HordBtrSm,  J.  A.,  Cons.  Ggd.— Commercial  Report ;  see  BeriittoUcr 
oin  handel  och  BjSfart,  Stockholm,  No.  9,  pp.  437-43. 

4312.  1883.  Derratero  Ocneral  del  Mediterrancu,  roditclodo  en  In  direccioiida 
Uidrografia.  t.  i.  comprcnde  ....  la  Custa  de  Africa,  desde  Ceut*  hutB^bi 
frontera  da  Tfinez.    Madrid  ;  vol.  i.  Bvo,  pi>.  780. 

4313.  18S4.  Ferero-Hermauti. —  La  mariuu  miliCikire  de  TAtriqac  romaiiie. 
Bull,  de  k  Soo.  GiSogr.  ti  d"Arch.  d'Oran,  1884,  No.  20,  pp.  157-81. 

4814.    1884.    Poinsaot.  J.— Inscriptions  incdi  tes  de  LamUse  ot  de  Timgad.    I.  c, 

I>p,  203,  206,  with  vifw  of  Prietoriura. 
4816.    1884,    De^jardine,  E. — L'inaeriptioii  gcogRipbiiiuo  de  Coptos,  et  I'BrtJcb 

de  M.  Mommseii  d:itia  I'Ephcmtris  (b'nac.  v.  pp.  o-tT).    La  nuuviillu  lii>te  des  Ceu- 

lurioDH  lie  Laml-ese.     I.  c,  pp.  182-201.    Also  in  the  Arcbeolugictl  part  or  No.  21, 

pp.  277-85,  by  Mommaen. 
481fl.    1883.    Tvaa  auyot  et  Cur&— Bapportpc&entc  aaCooseil  g^n^nlde  U 

Kciue  silt  un  projet  de  ci>louiEaliuu  nt;ricoIe  en  Algdrie  pour  les  unfant*  a8tu£t£s  du 

d^partcmenL    Paris  :  4ti>,  pp.  82. 
4317.    1883.    Iiatoete,  Femand. — Note  snr  les  souris  d'AlgiSrie  «t  de«cripli«ii 

d'nae   especc  noiivelle   (Mub  apretus).     Extrait  des  Actes  de  la  Soc.  Liuo.  de 

Bordeaux,  t.  xxxvii.  pp.  23. 
431S.     1884.     Matylinaki,  A.  de  C. — Notes  historiques  aur  le  U'xab.  Gaeran 

depuis  sa  fondation. 

n  hy  SI  Moliamniud  bin  Clietioiii 
1,  shortly  after  ihe  annexntion  of  the  M'mIi, 


r,  Chef  du  Bur.  Aralw  of  Gliardaia. — See  Rpv. 


—Consular  Report ; 


c  DcriEteUcr 


k  la  FnoM, 


This  is  the  translation  of  a 
ben  Sliman  des  Cheurfa  de  Guti 
at  the  rei[uest  of  Lieut.  Msssout 
Afr.,  vol  sxvJii.  pp.  373  f(  teq. 
4819.     188+.     Nordstaflm,  J.  A.,  Cons 
om  handel  och  sjofart,  Stockholm,  No.  5 
4830.     1B84.     Babin,   Commaadant.— Le  Wta.h  et   i 
Alger :  8vo,  pp.  47. 

An  excellent  paper,  explaining  clearly  the  civil  and  religious  governiuvnt  of 
this  people. 
4331.     1084,    Flatters,    P.    F,    X,,  Li eut.-Colonel.— Documents  rclatifs  A  la 
mission  dirigfie  au  snd  de  TAlg^rie.     Paris :  4to,  pp.  439, 11  maps  and  nuoieions 
woodcuts  in  text. 

M.  Flatters  and  nearly  his  whole  party  perished   in  the  second  csiwdilioD 
commanded  by  him.    They  were  massacred  by  tlie  Touaregs, 

4322.  1884.  Lea  TicalUeurs  Alg^rieiiB  dnna  le  Sahara.  limits  fails  [nr  bvis 
surrivants  do  la  Mission  Flatters,  cecuedlis  par  F.  Patorni,  Interprile  militaire. 
Constantine  :  8vo,  pp.  138. 

4323.  1884.  Ouat,  H.,  Hon.  Sec.  Roy.  Aaiat.  Soc.— The  Itailvrny  uver  Ihe 
Sabarii  from  Algeria  to  tlie  Senegal,  nnd  the  destruction  of  Colonel  Fktiers.  For 
private  circulation  only.     London :  bvo,  pp.  18,  and  map. 

43S4.     1084.    FoBtel,  Raoul,  ancjen  Magistral.— Le  Sahara;  sol,  productions  et 

habitants.    Paris :  12mo. 
43S6.     1684.     Bronasais. — Reclierohes    sur   les    tranEformntions    des    Berb£re«. 

lluil.  do  CuiT.  Afr. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  375 

4826.  1884.  Fillias,  Aohille.— B^its  militaires.  L'insurrectioii  des  Oulad 
Sidi  Cheikh,  1864.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  50. 

4327.  1884.  Grieu,  Ben6  de.— Le  Due  d'Aumale  et  TAlg^rie.  Paris :  12mo, 
pp.  239. 

4328.  1884.  Fallu,  Cltoient  de  Iiessert. — Les  assemblies  provinciales  et  le 
culte  provincial  dans  TAlrique  romainc.     Bull.  Trim,  des  Antiq.   Africaines 

Oran,  t.  ii.  pp.  5-321. 

4329.  1884.  A  Tassaut  des  pays  n^gres.  Journal  des  Missionnaires  d'Alger  dans 
TAfrique  ^uatoriale.     8vo. 

4330.  1884.  Thomas,  F. — Recberches  stratigrapbiques  sur  quelques  formations 
d*eau  douce  de  I'Alg^rie.  4to,  pp.  51.  Socidt^  g^logique.  Mdmoires,  troisieme 
sdrie,  t.  iii. 

4331.  1884.  Shippen,  R,  Med.  Director  U.S.N.— Notes  on  tbe  galleys  of  tbe 
16th  century.  United  Service  Monthly  Review,  Philadelphia,  vol.  xi.,  September, 
pp.  306-31. 

4332.  1884.  F^raud,  L.  Charles. — Communicates  to  the  Revue  Africainc, 
vol.  xxviii.  p.  68,  a  letter  written  by  Ismael  Pacha  of  Algiers  to  Liouis  XIV., 
dated  1688. 

4333.  1884.  Duveyrier,  H.  —  La  confrdrie  musulmane  de  Sidi  Mohammed 
ben'Ali  el-Senodsi  et  son  domaine  gdographique  en  I'annde  1300  de  I'hdgire  (1883 
de  notre  ^re).    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  84,  and  map. 

4334.  1884.  Rlnn,  Iiouis,  Chef  de  bataillon.  Chef  du  service  central  des 
affaires  indigenes  au  Grouvernement  gendral. — Marabouts  et  Khouan.  £tude  sur 
rislam  en  Algdne.  Alger :  8vo,  pp.  552,  with  a  map  indicating  the  situation  and 
importance  of  the  various  religious  orders. 

A  work  of  great  political  importance.  No  less  than  168,974  of  the  natives 
of  Algeria  are  affiliated  to  the  various  orders  here  described.  A  review  of  this 
work  is  given  in  the  Bull,  de  Cor  res.  Afr.,  1885,  p.  178,  written  by  M.  Mas- 
queray, 

4336.  1884.  lie  Bon,  Dr.  Gustave. — La  civilisation  des  Arabes.  Paris  :  8vo, 
pp.  705,  splendidly  illustrated  with  4  maps,  10  chromolithographs,  and  366  plates. 
Chapter  v.  is  devoted  to  'Les  Arabes  dans  I'Afrique  septentriooale.'  At  the 
end  there  is  a  Bibliographic  Mdthodique. 

The  author  maintains  that  there  is  only  one  means  of  describiog  the  plastic 
art  of  a  people ;  that  is  to  show  it. 

4333.  1884.  Daly,  Marcel,  Ing.  Civil  (Ec.  C). —  Premidre  excursion  en 
Algdric.  Art  kabyle  et  mines  romaines.  9  woodcuts,  1  steel  engraving,  and 
2  splendid  chromolithographs.  Rev.  Gdn.  de  TArchitecture  et  des  Trav.  pub., 
voL  xli.  pp.  10, 145-93. 

4387.  1884.  Niox,  Ot.  G.  Ii.— Algdrie,  Gdographie  Physique.  Paris :  12mo, 
pp.  428,  maps  and  figures. 

1884.  Bicouz,  Dr.  Bend. — La  |X)pulation  europdenne  en  Algdrie  pendant 
I'annde  1883.  Les  Strangers  en  Algdrie.  Etudes  statistiques,  publides  avec 
Fapprobation  de  M.  Tirman,  Gouverueur  ge'ndral.     Alger :  8vo,  pp.  72. 

1884.    Bouty,  M. — Nouvelle  ddmonstration  de  la  possibilitd  du  chemin 
do  fer  trans-saharien.    BulL  de  la  Soc.  de  Gdog.  et  d*Arch.  d'Oran,  1884.    No.  21, 
pp.  87-90. 
4840.    1884.    Lambert.— 1  travers  I'Algdrie.    Paris :  18mo,  pp.  390. 


^6  A  ItlULiOGRAl'HY  OF  ALGERIA. 

4S4I.    1884.    Bane,  A. — Une  Evasion  de  LambtM;.    Souvcoira  d'uo  excDTsionlEte 

lualgrf  lui.     Paris :  l^nw,  pp.  125. 
4343.    1884.    Flam,  J. — £tude  eur  k  d^oentralisBtion  g^nfrolQ  de  I'Algcrie. 

BOue :  8vo. 

4343.  1884.  Tramalet,  Colonel  C— Histoiro  do  riusmrection  dea  Oolad-SWi- 
Etli-cUik  (Sud-Algfirien)  de  1864-80.  Keooode  pwtio.  Alger:  870,  pp.  SIO. 
wilh  mnp. 

4344.  1884.  Cftnal,  M.— U  fronti6ra  manwaine.  Bull,  do  la  Soc.  de  GAjg.  et 
d'Arah.  d'OrRD,  Nu.  21,  pp.  83-B,  and  91-4.     Map  in  No.  22. 

434C.     Li<!   liltoral   das   Trarn.      rromennde   de   Nemours   &   Honai,  with 

i.iap.— See  1,  c,   No.  20,  pp.  6-17,  and  No.  22,  i>p.  134-51,  with  numerous 

illustrations. 
4346.     1884.    Langloia,  A.  D.— Voyage  dans    lu  and  du  d^imrtenient  de  Con- 

stantine  (Sahara  orieutal),    with  map  and  pLrn  of  Biskra.     1.  c,  No.  20,  18&t, 

pp.  20-33. 
4847.     1884.    Demaeght,  L.— Portus  Mo^nus  (St.  Leu),  with  plate  of  the  great 

mosaic  found  [here.    1.  c.  No-  20,  pp.  113-21 ;  ulso  Bull.  'Irim.  dra  Antiq.  Afr., 

Ko.  11, 1885,  p.  1. 

4348.  1884.  Tlaserani  P.— L'ancien  et  le  nouvel  Oran.  L  c.  No.  20,  1884, 
pp.  38-56. 

4349.  1884.     Tauzier,  Oapltalne  BL— Essai    de   reatilution  de   lu   Table   dc 
;    Peutinger  pour  la  pruviuu)  d'Uran.     1.  c,  No.  21,  Arch^ologie,  pp.  291-8. 
436a    1884.    Julllan,  Camilla.  ~  Notes  siir  Tarmfe  d'Afriqiie  sous   le   Bm 

-  Emjrire.    1.  c.  No.  21,  pp.  ^69-76. 
4861.    1884.    Piewo,   Louis.— Le    tombeaii  d'Ofcbii-ibn-NafiS.     I.  c,    Ko.  S2, 

Arch.,  pp.  87  T,  with  iUustrations. 
4302.     1884.    Flayfoir.  Z-ieuL-Colonel  Sir  B.  Lambert— The    Scourge  of 
Cliriatendom.     Annnls  of   British   relaCioDS    with   Algiera  prior   to   the   French 
Conquest.     IiOndon :  8yo,  pp.  S27,  with  7  illuBlratioDB. 

Algiers  is  the  fii-st  Consulate  ever  eatabliahed  by  England.  A  nearly  oom- 
plete  collection  of  the  currespondeuce  of  diplomatic  agents  and  conauls,  and 
royal  letters  from  1600,  are  preserved  iu  the  Public  Kecord  OQicc.  There  is  a 
break  during  the  Common  wealth,  but  the  lelt«rs  of  this  period  csist  in  tiie 
BawlinBon  MSS.  in  the  Bodleian.  It  is  iirincipally  from  these  sources  ilial  the 
author  has  obtained  his  information.  The  pvat  interest  of  the  work  is  Uie 
subject  of  Christian  slavery.  Be-riews  on  it  appeared  in  The  Athenaitim,  Sth 
l<'eb.i  Fall  Mull  Gazette,  3rd  March;  Soolfiman,  2Blh  Feb.;  John  Bull,  2Srd 
Feb.;  Academy,  Sth  April;  Yaoity  Fair,  5th  April;  Globe,  25th  April; 
Glasgow  Berald,  15th  April;  All-emeiue  Zeitiing,  18th  April;  Scottish  RevieK, 
April;  Daily  News,  31st  May;  Natiou,  Sth  May;  Melbourne  Argus,  26th 
April ;  Morning  Post,  23rd  August. 

4353.     Ueport  on  the  Trade,  Commerce,  and  Navigation  of  Algeria  for  1882. 

Consular  Comynercial  Reports. 

4364.     Report  of  a  Conanlor  Tour  to  La  Calle  and  the  coiiulty  of  the 

Khomair.     1.  c.     Al»o  Journal  of  Rayal  Asiatic  Society,  vol.  xviti.  part  I. 
4S5S.     1884.     Max,  Ous.,  Conn.  Gdu.  de  Belgi que.— Rapport  Commei^sial.     B«C. 
Cons.,  15th  Feb. 

4866.     Statisljque  Minfirale.     L  C,  29th  May, 

4867.    Rapport  Commercial.     I.  c,  15th  Nov. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OK  ALGERIA.  377 

4858.  1884.  Castelot,  S.,'  Yice-Consal  do  Belgique. — Bapport  sur  I'lDdiistrie 
vinicole.    L  c,  9th  Feb. 

4869.  1884.  Soohes,  Ii^n,  ancien  Secretaire  d*Abd-el-Kader. — ^Trente-deux 
ans  k  travers  Plslam.  1832-64.  t.  i.  Alg^rie — Abd-el-Kader.  t.  ii.  Mission 
il  la  Mecque — Le  Marshal  Bugeaud  en  Afriquc.    Paris :  2  vol.  8vo,  pp.  608,  503. 

The  author  played  an  important  part  in  the  politics  of  the  day  in  Algeria, 
and  his  work  is  an  important  contribution  to  contemporary  history. 

4800.  1884.  Bordier,  Dr.  A. — La  colonisation  scientifique  et  les  colonies 
fran^ises.    Paris:  8vo. 

4861.  1884.  Compte-rendu  de  Tadministration  de  la  justice  criminelle  en 
France  et  en  Alg^rie  pendant  Tann^e  1882.     Paris:  8vo,  pp.  241. 

4882.  1884.  Kooher,  A. — De  la  criminality  chez  les  Arabes  au  point  de  vue  de 
la  pratique  m^ico-judiciaire  en  Alg^rie.    Paris :  8vo,  pi>.  244. 

4888.  1884.  Means,  Ch.  de.— L'Alg^rie  depuis  1871.  Le  Correspondant, 
25th  October  et  seq. 

4864.  1884.  Hoches,  L. — La  colonisation  en  Alg^rie.  La  H^forme  Sociale,  15th 
October. 

4866.  1884.  Grammont,  H.  de. — La  course  de  Pesclavage,  et  la  redemption  u 
Alger.     Revue  Uistorique,  t.  xxv.  May,  June,  et  seq, 

4866.  1884.  Certeuz,  A.,  and  E.  Henry  Camoy. — Contributions  au  Folk- 
lore des  Arabes.  L'Alg^rie  traditionnelle.  (L^gendes,  contes,  chansons,  musiqiie, 
mo^urs,  coutumes,  f^tes,  croyances,  superstitions,  &c.)    Maisonneuve :  8vo. 

4867.  1884.  Bonnafont,  Dr.— P^r^griuations  en  Alg^rie,  1830-42.  Paris: 
12mo,  pp.  384. 

A  sequel  to  the  author's  '  Douze  ans  en  Alg^rie.'    A  collection  of  articles  of 
very  unequal  value  which  have  already  appeared  in  periodical  literature. 

4868.  1884.  Maystre,  H.— Excursion  en  Alg^rie  et  en  Tunisie,  mai-juin  1883. 
Biblioth^ue  universelle  et  Revue  Suisse,  July  et  seq, 

4868.    1884.    Gastinean,  B. — Les  originaux  de  TAlgdrie.    Revue  Lib^rale,  May 

et  seq. 

* 

4870.  1884.  Kobelt,  W. — Skizzen  aus  Algerien.  Das  Ausland,  57th  year. 
Nob.  19  et  seq, 

4871.  1884.  Chnqnet,  A.  — Le  G^n^ral  Chanzy,  1823-83.  Paris:  18mo, 
pp.  440. — iSee  notice  in  Deutsche  Literaturzeitung,  No.  19, 10th  May. 

More  a  pan^yric'than  an  impartial  biography,  but  well  written. 

4872.  1884.    lia  B^glon  de  POned  Bir'.    Bull.  Soo.  G^ogr.  de  l^Est,  p.  550. 

A  society  has  been  formed  to  give  impulsion  to  the  colonisation  of  the  Sahara, 
by  digging  wells  and  planting  palm  trees. 

4878.  1884.  Masqneray,  £.— Nonvelles  recherches  de  M.  Choisnet  k  Rapidi. 
Inscriptions  d^couvertes  par  M.  Charrier  sur  le  Guelala.  Bull,  de  Gorrespondance 
Africaine,  t  ii.  p.  66. 

4874.  1884.  De  la  Blaneh^re,  Bend. — Malva,  Mulucha,  Molochath.  l&tude 
d'un  nom  g^ograpbique.    1.  c,  p.  136. 

4875.  1884.  Brouasais,  !&nile  Octave. — Recherches  sur  les  transformations 
du  Berber.    L  c,  pp^  200  et  seq, 

4876.  1884.  Monoeaux,  FauL — Grecs  et  Maures,  d'apr^  les  monnaies  grecques 
du  Mus^  d'Alger.    1.  c,  p.  344. 


878  A  BIlinOGRArHY  OF  ALGERIA. 

4377.    1684.    Baoset,  fien^.— Lea  manuacrita  Bmbw  du  Bacli-Agha  de  DJelfo. 


4377a.    Documeota  gdogrnphiqucB  sur   I'Afrique    Septentrionale.      Boll. 

Soc.  Geog.  de  I'Est,  Nancy,  pp.  623  et  seq. 
4378.     1884.    Watlle,  Victor. — Cue  reconuaissance  nrcliOoIogiiine  entre  Tcstiet- 

el-Had  et  Tiaret.     1.  c,  p.  453. 
437B,    1B84.    Jaoquey,  Jules. — Des  droits  d'uutge  dea  indigeDa;  dam  les  fbcita 

de  r^lal  en  Algorie.     Paris :  Hvo,  pp.  18,     From  the  ilev.  Gin.  d'Adi 

4380.  1681.     Cotman,  H.  I..— Les  grandcs  (xmcesaloiut  en  Alg^r 
Franco-Alg^rienne.     Paris:  8vo,  pp.  32. 

Tliia  comjiaDf,  inclading  its  domain  at  the   Habra  and  ita  railway  fiom 
Ar£CiT  to  Uie  Alfa  districts,  nionupulises  a  great  psirt  uf  tlie  province  of  Oran. 

4381.  1884.  Bedon,  Eug^na  de, — Projet  de  tranaformatioo,  d'ejctetision  et 
d'emballiaBement  dc  lii  %-ille  il'Alger.     Alger  ;  4to,  pp.  39. 

4382.  18H4.  Ergebniaee  der  VolkssS,hlaiig  in  Algier  leSl.  NachdenBJnill. 
atat.  du  d^QombrcnienC  in  der  Stal.  Korrespondenz  d.  ZlBOhr.  d.  Preliaa.  Bfireau^ 
1884,  Bd.  xxiv.  S.  six. 

4388.  1884.  BauUirra,  S.,  Premier  Pn^idont,  H.  Hugn^es  et  P.  IdLpn, 
Conaeillers  k  k  Cour  d'Alger. — Legislation  de  I'Alg^ritt — luia,  onlonnaDCca,  d^reCs 
et  an-ates  par  o^l^ll  al|ibub(itiqiie,  avec  notictB  et  deux  tables  (iinalirtiqiie  et 
cbronologiqiie),     Paris :  2  vol.  8vo. 

4384.  1884.  Alger  du  28  juin  au  5  juillet  1884,  d'apr^  tous  sei  jonrnuix. 
Documents  pour  servir  i.  I'blaloiru  du  paya.     Alger;  8»o,  pp.  263. 

This  is  an  account  of  the  anti-tSomitlc  riots. 

4385.  1884.     Maire,  Joseph.— Souvenirs  d' Alger.     Paris ;  8vo,  pp.  1E9. 

4386.  1834.  B6xy,  I>e  Citoyen.— L'inaurrectioa  du  Sud  Oranais.  B^poose  k 
Karrohoui.     Oran:  8vo,  pp.  118. 

4887.  1884.  Biooux,  Dr.  Ben6.— La  population  curopienue  en  Algiric  jcnduit 
I'unnte  1884.  I^tudc  statistiqiic,  publico  aveo  rapprobdUoa  du  guuvcmenr 
giin^ral.     Philippcville  :  pp.  32  and  xxviii. 

4887a.  1884.  Raulin,  Victor,  Prof,  i  la  fac.  das  8c.  da  Borfeaui.— Sur  la 
cnrtc  gfolc^^qiiB  provisoire  da  I'Algt'iie.  Bull.  Soc.  de  Guogr.  Comm.  Bordeanx, 
No.  5,  pp  140  cl  K'j. 

488a  1885.  Boiuaet,  Camillc—Lcs  commen cements  d'une  coDqiiStc  1.  Le 
Giiiinl  Clauzel  en  AlgiSric,  Kevue  dcs  deui  Mondes,  lat  Jan.,  1885.  II.  Le 
eoinmandement  dc  G&u.  Bertbezine,  Ist  Feb.,  1B8S.  III.  Le  D<io  de  Bovigo  ea 
Alg^rie,  March.  IV.  Ijecommandenient  deGSo.Voirol,  April.  V.  Le  gouvenie- 
tnent  du  Comie  d'Erlon,  15tli  May.  The  collected  articles  published  aepaiaialj 
in  1886,  2  Tol.  with  atUw. 

4389.  1885.  Hobin,  N.— Esi-Sdition  du  Gi-niral  Blanpni  en  Kabylie  eu  1849. 
Itev.  Afr.,  voi.  xxis.  pp.  321-50. 

4888a.    1885.    Notice  aur  lo  polerinage  deNntreDamed'AfriquehAlgw.  Alger: 

8vo,  pp.  314.     Sold  for  the  benefit  of  ibe  Cburcb. 
4380.    1885.    Ds  Foulquea. — Colonne  mobde  de  G^ryville.     Iliudraire  de  la 
colonne  pendant  son  (.'XtH.^ttioD  sur  Figuig  en  18G8.     Bull.  Trim,  de  Gdog.  Oran, 
No.  25,  pp.  66-78. 
4891.    1885.    Keeee.— Voyage  aux  Zibana.     1.  c.  No.  25,  pp.  88-102;  No.  26, 
pp.  126-51. 

Zlban,  pi.  of  Zab,  from  the  Lai  in  SavivR,  the  Oue>I  Djedi — flowing  from  west 
to  cast  from  El-Aghout  towards  Biskra. 


to  ,  j 


A 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  379 

4882.    1885.    Meroier,  E.— Quelques  notes  sur  Tafilalet.  I.  c,  Ko.  25,  pp.  79-87. 

4888.    1885.    H^ron,  A.  de  ViUefosse. — Les  Souama  de  Mocherasfa.    1.  c, 
No.  26,  Arch.,  pp.  188-91. 

A  Decropolis  situated  on  the  river  Mina,  north  of  Frcnda  and  west  of 
Tiaret 

4884.  1885.    Tauxier,    Capitaine    H.— Le    Mulucha,    or    Molochath  (Oued 
Makta).    Hev.  Afr.,  vol.  xxix.  pp.  41  et  aeq. 

The  writer  seeks  to  prove  that  the  river  in  question  is  the  Makta,  to  the 
east  of  Arzew,  and  not  the  MoulouTa  on  the  frontier  of  Morocco. 

4885.  1885.    Hartmayer,  le  Capitaine. — Notice  sur  le  cercle  de  Djelfa.    Rev. 
Afr.,  vol.  xxix.  pp.  141-50. 

This  district  is  rich  in  megalithic  monuments. 

488a    1885.    Ck>mbat  de  Metarih  (Cercle  de  Bou-S&ada),  12th  June,  1849, 
by  M  .  •  .     Rev.  Afr.,  vol.  xxix.  pp.  161-60. 

4887.    1885.    Tounsi,  A.,  Interpr^te  militaire. — La  colonne  de  neige,  Feh.  1852. 
Rev.  Afr.,  No.  173,  p.  366. 

History  of  a  great  disaster  to  a  column  under  General  Bosquet  in  Kabylia. 
It  was  overtaken  by  a  tempest  of  snow ;  300  men  died  and  300  were  more 
or  less  frostbitten. 


.  1885.  lie  Ijivre  d'Abd-el-Kader,  intitule  Rappel  k  Tintelligent,  avis 
a  Hndiff^rent.  Considerations  philosophiques,  religieuses,  historiques.  Traduit 
par  Gustave  Dugat.    Paris :  8vo. 

4888.  1885.  Castonnet  des  FosseB. — Les  int^rSts  fran9ai8  au  Maroc,  with 
an  account  of  the  Ch^rif  of  Ouzzan.  Bull.  Trim,  de  G^ogr.  Oran,  No.  24, 
pp.  17-47. 

4400.  1885.  Duveyrier,  HenrL — Les  droits  de  la  France  en  Afrique.  Bull. 
Soc.  Gdogr.  Paris,  p.  517.  Also  by  the  same,  Histoire  des  explorations  au  sud  et 
au  sud-ouest  de  G^ry  ville. 

4401.  1885.  Exempla  Soriptune  EpigraphiosB  Latin®  a  C^saris  dictatoris 
n  orte  ad  aetatem  Justinlani.  Edidit  ^milius  Hiibner.  Auctorium  Corporis 
Inscriptionum  Latinarum.    Berolini :  4to. 

This  contains  many  inscriptions  from  various  parts  of  Algeria  and  Tunis. 

4402.  1885.  MommBen,  Th. — Les  provinces  africaines.  Chapitre  extrait  de 
t.  V.  de  .  .  .  traduit  par  CI.  Pallu  de  Lessert.  Bull.  Trim,  de  G6og.  et  d'Arch. 
Oran,  1885,  No.  26,  Arch.,  pp.  192-6 ;  No.  27,  pp.  269-78.  Also  Revue  de 
FAfrique  Fian^aise,  t  iv.  1882. 

4408.  1885.  Fallu,  C.  de  Iiessert. — Les  gouveroeurs  des  Mauritanies.  1.  C, 
No.  26,  Arch.,  pp.  141-73 ;  Bull  Trim,  des  Antiq.  Afr.,  No.  12,  pp.  65-88. 

4404.  1885.  MaoCarthy,  Oscar.— Les  antiquites  alg^riennes,  et  I'int^rgt  que 
nous  avons  k  les  conserver,  addressed  by  the  author  to  General  Chanzy  on  the 
4th  December,  1876,  and  to  all  subsequent  govemors-gener.il.  The  paper  is 
divided  into  three  parts.  I.  Considerations  gdn^rales.  If.  Synonymies  des 
locality  andennes  les  plus  importantes  de  I'Algdrie.  III.  Instructions  de  M.  L6on 
Renier  an  sujet  de  Testampage. — See  Rev.  Afr.,  No.  171,  p.  210. 

4406.  1885.  Daly,  C^sar. — Ce  que  peuvent  raconter  les  pierres  d'un  tombeau 
et  da  symbolisme  fun^raire  k  propos  du  tombeau  d'un  Fceptique  romain  k  Akbou. 
Rev.  de  I'Arch.  et  des  Trav.  pub.,  vol.  xlii.  pp.  49  and  145. 


380  A  BIBLIOGRAPHT  OP  ALGERIJL 

4406.  1685.    Oraham,  Alexander,  F.ILLB.A. — ^Remnins  oTtlie  Itonun  Oeen- 

pation  in  North  Africa,  with  special  reftrence  to  Algeria.     Illaatrat(.-d.     Trami. 
Boyal  Inst.  Brit.  Architects,  new  series,  vol.  i. 

Also  another  pnptr,  by  the  same  author  aud  on  the  suae  subject,  in  18G6, 
with  special  refcrcDce  to  Tuiiisiii,  bulh  most  valunbtc  and  InsCractiTe  papers. 

4407.  lB8d.  Broadley,  A.  M. — En<:li8h  lotfretita  ia  ^'arth  Arrica.  Fonii. 
Rev^  April,  pp.  5G6--74. 

4406.  1885.  Hinn,  IiOuIb,  CummaDdant. — Gtegtapbio  aucienne  de  TAlgfrip. 
Lea  premiers  rojaumes  berbfres  et  la  guerre  de  Jugurtha.  Hev.  Afr.,  vol.  sjtit. 
pp.  172  ct  seq. 

4409.  1885.  Kobelt,W. — Seiaeerinneningenaiis  AlgerienundTnais.  Frankfurt 
nm  Main :  8to,  pp.  480,  13  plules  and  1 1  ttoodculs  in  leit. 

Written  by  a  traveller  who  is  also  a  naturalist,  and  published  by  Senckenberg. 
Naturf.  Ges. 

4410.    Skiazec  bub  Al-erien.    Globus,  Nos.  II,  17. 19. 

4411.    Die  Kolonisation  in  Aigerion.    Ausland,  Noa.  20,  21,  pp.  381,  4(K. 

4412.    Die  Venvilstung  der  Saham.    Globus,  vol.  slvii.  No.  13,  p.  202. 

4418.    1685.    Se  O-i-ammont,  H.  D. — DocumeDts  alg^riens.    Rev.  Afr.,  vol. 

xiix.  p.  430. 

Under  tbis  title  tbe  autlior  publishes  a  number  of  documents  bearing  on  ibe 
early  history  of^Algiers  and  of  Christian  slavery,  from  tbe  archives  of  Fiance 
and  other  sources. 
4414.     Le  nom  de  BarbcrouBEC  d^rive-t-U  de  Baba  aroudj  ?     I.  c,  p.  220- 

4416.    Un  picha  d'Algcr,  precurseur  de  M,  de  Lessepa  (1586).     L  c., 

4418.    1885.     ClaTa,ult,  F.— Mosalqiie  de  Cbercbel.    1.  a,  p.  381. 

4417.  1883.  Zeye,  E.,  Pn^eident decbambreiVlBcourd'appel.— Traiteel^enlain.' 
de  droit  mnsulmnn  alg^ricn  (^ole  lualfkite)  sp^ialement  rfdig£  sur  le  ooon  ami 
fait  il  l'&»la  de  droit  d'Alger,  etc.  t.  i.  Alger:  Svo,  pp.  204.  2iid  vol.  publi^ed 
in  I68T. 

Ad  excellent  manual,  treating  of  marringc,  ioterdietion,  and  contracts. 

4418.  Becuei)  d'aclesjudiciairesiirabes.  Frenchand  Arabic,  ivith  the  colla- 
boration of  Mohammed  onldSidi  Said.    Alger;  pp.  i.,  185,  and  Tu.    AutograpbtJ. 

4410.  1885.  Charpentier.  Iiton.,  Avocat. — Analyse  du  coqis  de  IfgiBktiou 
algerien,     Alger:  8vo,  pp.  154. 

This  is  an  annlysfs  of  all  the  laws  special  to  Algeria,  and  does  not  inclnde 
those  made  for  Fntnce,  but  wbicb  are  also  applicable  to  the  colonjr, 
4^0.     1885.     Tvea  Quyot.^I-ettres  Eiir  la  politique  colooiale.     Paris:  ISma 

A  French  reviewer  of  ihie  volume  says,  "  II  n'y  a  qu'Jl  lirer  un  voile  snr  ma 

4431,  1885.  Frogramme  des  quatre  dcoles  d'enseignament  aap^eur, 
Ann^e  aoolaire  1885-6.     Alger :  8vci,  pp.  134, 

4422.  1885.  Berue  Alg^rienne  et  Tunisienne  de  legislation  et  da  juris- 
prudence publiee  par  I'fcole  dc  droit  d'Alger, 

4428.  1885.  DaiD,  Alfred.  ProlcBseiir  aprdge  i  I'^ole  de  droit.— Le  Fysreu.c 
Torrens.  De  son  application  en  Tunisie  ct  en  Al^ierie.  Rapport  il  M.  Timiiti, 
Gouvemear  gjn^ral  de  rAlgdrio.    Rev.  Alg.  et  Tunis,  de  Legislation,  Oct.~Nov. 

4484.    '  filudo  Bur  k  naturalisation  des  dtraugera  en  Alg*ric. 

pp.  1-82. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  381 

4426.    1885.    I/Alg^rie  en  1886.  Autonomie  assimilation.  Alger :  Svo,  pp.  110. 
Attributed  to  Dr.  lYollard. 


1885.    Antoine,    J. — Manuel  agricole  dl^mentaire — special  ^  rAlgdric. 
Paris:  12ina 

4427.  1885.  Qaeenoj,  Dr.  F.— L'Algdrie.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  305,  with  map  and 
100  woodcuts. 

442a  1885.  Statistique  g^n^rale  de  I'Algerie,  1882-4.  (Gouvemement 
g^n^ral  de  TAlg^rie.)    Paris :  4  to,  pp.  352. 

4429.  1885.  Tirman,  Iiouis,  Gouvemcur  gdn^ral  civil. — Exposd  de  la  situation 
g^n^rale  de  TAlg^rie.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  430. 

4480.  1885.  Programme  fi^n^ral  de  reboisement,  published  by  the  Govern- 
ment generaL    Alger :  4tOy  pp.  120. 

4481.  1885.  Note  sur  la  question  de  reboisement,  dans  le  territoire  de 
commandement  de  la  division  d'Alger.  K^dig^  par  le  Bureau  divisionnaire  des 
affaires  indigenes  d' Alger.    Alger:  4to,  pp.  116. 

4482.  1885.  Flayftdr,  Iiieut.-Ck>L  B.  Ii. — Report  on  the  Commerce,  Navigation, 
and  Agriculture  of  Algeria  for  the  years  1883-4.  Consular  Commercial  Reports^ 
1885,  p.  30. 

4488.    On  the  rediscovery  of  lost  Numidian  Marbles  in  Algeria  and  Tunis. 

Paper  read  at  the  Brit.  Assoc,  at  Aberdeen,  September.    8vo,  pp.  12,  with  map. 

4484.    1885.    Haz,  Giis.,  Cons.  G^n.  de  Belgique.    Eapport  Commercial.    Rec. 

Cons.,  25  Nov. 
4486.    L'Alg^rie,  la  Tunisie  et  TExposition  d'Anvers.    1.  c,  t.  Hi.  p.  470. 

4486.  1885.  Nordstrom,  J.  A.,  Cons.  Gen. — Consular  Report ;  see  Berattelser 
om  handel  och  sj^^fart,  Stockholm,  No.  5,  p.  331,  and  No.  8,  pp.  450-5. 

4487.  1885.    Iia  Garde,  Gh. — Une  promenade  dans  le  Sahara.    8vo,  p.  307. 

4488.  1885.  Montagnao,  Ck>loii6l  de. — Lettrcs  d'un  soldat;  neuf  anndes  de 
campagno  en  Afrique ;  correspondances  in^dites.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  502. 

Published  by  his  nephew. 

4442.    1885.    Fagno,  V.— II  Meditemineo.    Napoli :  12mob 

4448.  1885.  Fillet,  Ii'AbM.— Les  martyrs  d'Afrique.  Eistoire  de  Ste.  Perpdtue 
et  de  ses  compagnons.    Paris :  8vo. 

4444.  1885.  Ck>ulloy,  MarceL — Nouvelle  France.  Ponies.  Paris:  12mo, 
pp.  136. 

4446.  1885.  Iianier,  Ii. — L  Afrique.  Choix  de  lectures  de  gdographie  acoom- 
pagnees  de  rdsumds,  d'analyses,  de  notes  explicatives  et  biographiques.  Paris : 
18mo. 

The  portion  devoted  to  Algeria  is  of  unequal  value  and  incomplete.    The 
history  of  the  conquest  is  perhaps  the  best  part  of  it. 

4446.  1885.  Iiaroohe,  Ing^nicur  des  pDuts  et  cbauss^es.-^£tudo  sur  les  princi- 
paux  ports  de  commerce  europ^nsde  la  Mediterrancc.    Paris :  4to,  with  plates. 

Exploitation  des  ports,  organisation,  outillage  et  r^glcmeutation. 

4447.  1885.  I«aplaiohe,  A. — Algerie,  Tunisie,  esquisse  g^ographique.  Paris: 
12mo. 

4448.  1885.  Nicolas,  Iiaoase  et  Signol,  Dra.— Guide  hygi^nique  ct  medical 
du  Toyageur  dans  I'Afrique  oentrale.    Paris :  18mo. 


382  A  BirsLlOGEAPHy  OF  ALGERIA. 

4449.     ISBu.    XiAtaste,  F.— !^tude  ilo  k  fituna  dea  vertihres  Jc  Barbark'. 


Bord.,  4'  Si5r.  voL  is 


129-2 


nctlavalleeduTnfiia. 


Bull.  Soc.  do 


n  eihansti' 

4460.  1885.    Dumaset,  Ardouin. 

Gcogr.  Lille,  t.  iv.  p.38l. 

4461.     Silea  alg^riena,     Le  Iljtbel  Khar  (Montaj^e  des  Lions)  et  Is  ploine 

de  Thiamine,  avec  une  cnrle.     liev,  de  Gdogr.,  avril,  p.  257. 

4463.    1885.    Bag.  del  B.— Coiijix  dc  pinceau  siir  Blidn,  BAne,  Tlemfon,  Otan 
CoDBtnntine,  etc.     Paris,  1'oura  :  12i 

4463.  1885.    Teoserenc  de  Bort,  Ij. — Lettres  de  Blr  Gucttarict.      Compt^ 
Hwidu  Soc.  do  Gfeg.  Paris,  No,  14, 

4464.  1885.    Conatantin,  F. — ^ Alger  ct  Timboiiktou ;  etude  iui  le  comi 
trana-saharieti.     Tnris :  ISmo,  pp.  3C. 

4466.    1885.    Haiael,  Ii. — Los  chBiiiina  de  fer  alg^riens;  iftude  bistorique 
constitution  du  rfseai!,    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  116. 

4466.  1885.    Teyran,  L.  de.— Les  missions  da  Colonel  Flnttcrs  h  tnveia  le 
Sahara.     Bull.  Soc.  G<=og.  Comm.  dc  Paria,  t.  vii,  pp.  286-93. 

4467.  1885.     Lo  elimat  alg^rien.     Gaz.  Gi^ngr.,  Nos.  34  and  35. 

4468.  1885.    JouvoneL — L'AlgMe;  un  coup  d'teil  sur  son  a-lmioiBtratioii;  ton 
ngriculture ;  sea  chemins  do  fer  et  aei  destinies.     Paris :  Svo. 

4469.  1885.     Seboud,  Dr.  V. — Excursion  dans  la  llaouua  et  scs  contreforte.     2* 
partie.     Bee.  des.  Not.  ct  M6in.  de  la  Soc.  Arch,  de  Constantino,  vol.  xxiii.  p.  6. 

4460.  1885.     liUdanl,  D.— Eicursion   arch ^ilogi que  dans  k  ri^gion  de  Collo. 
1.  c,  p.  62. 

4461.  1885,    Poulle,  A.— Nouvelle.-!  inBcriptions  de  Lamb^ae  el  TiuKgad.     1.  c', 
]).  177,  with  two  escellcnt  coloured  maps  of  the  localities  in  quesiioD. 

4492.     1885.    Sftbatier,  A.~Aklwu  en  Kabjlle.    Bull.  Soc.  G^ogr.  Marseille,  p.  5. 

4463.  1885.     Amat,  C. — L'csclavagc  au  M'lutb,  dtude  antliropoli^iqiio  dee  at^rt*. 
From  the  Bull,  de  la  Soc.  d'Anthrop.  Paris. 

4464.  1885.    Motylinski,  A.  de   C,  Tutcrprcte  militaire. — Biblio^iraplue  de 
M'Zab.     Les  livrea  de  la  secte  abadite.     Bull,  de  Corres.  Africaiue,  1885,  p.  15, 

The  author  resided  among  tho  Beni  tl'zab  from  tbe  time  of  llie  occupatioD 
oC  their  cuutitry,  and  the  Toibas  placed  all  their  books  nnreservedljr  at  bis 
diaijosal.  This  is  a  most  imporlant  addition  to  our  knowledge  of  this 
interesting  [^ople. 

4466.  1885.    TrumolBt.  Colonel.— Irfs  Francnis  dans  le  diisert.    2oii  edition. 
I'ariB;  8to,  pp.  512,  with  maps  and  plana. 

This  is  tbe  recital  of  a  journey  made  by  bim  in  1853,  when  explontions 
there  were  leaa  common  than  they  are  now.     Tlio  work  la  question  has  not 
licen  seriouBlj-  reviaed,  or  kept  uji  to  the  state  of  our  knowledge  of  these  n^ioiu 
at  tbe  present  day. 
4469.     1885.     Masqaeray,  £.— Traditions  da  TAonrds  oriental.     L  c,  p.  72. 

A  memoir  of  great  value, 

4467.     Lcttre  ft  M.  Tiesot  aur  la  Gbarfa  des  OtiJnd  Selama.     1.  c,  p.  110- 

4468.  1885.     Baaset,    BenS.— Lea    manuacrita    arnbes    des  bibliothSqoes  flw 
Zaonias  de  'Ain  Madbi  et  Temafin,  do  fluarjila  et  de  'Adjadja.   I.  c,  pp.  211  it  irq. 

The  author  was  sent  by  (lie  Govern  or- General  in  1885  lo  study  (he  Berber 
dialects  in  the  M'zab,  Ouargla,  and  Oited  Bigh. 


A 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  ALGERIA.  3S3 

4469.  1885.    lie  Chatelier,  A. — Insalah.    I.  c,  pp.  266  et  seq.,  with  map. 

A  retumi  of  all  the  information  tho  author  could  obtain  regarding  Insalah 
during  a  residence  of  eighteen  months  at  Ouargla. 

4470.  1885.    Bert,  FauL — Lettres  de  Kahylie.    La  politique  algddenne.     Paris : 
Svo,  pp.  77. 

These  letters  were  written  between  the  18th  April  and  12th  May,  and  are 
well  worthy  of  perusaL  The  latter  part  is  addressed  to  tho  *'  Socictd  pour  la 
protection  des  Ck>lons." 

4471.  1885.    lie  projet  de  creation  en  Alg^rie  et  en  Tunisie  d'une  mer  dito 
int^rieure,  devant  le  Congres  de  Blois.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  44. 

4472.  1885.    Boohe  de  Ck>Bte,  M.  de  la. — La  mer  intorieure.     Rev.  G6ogr., 
t.  iL  Nos.  9-10. 

4478.    1885.    Gaffarel,  Fatd,  Doyen  de  la  Faculty  des  Lettres  \  Dijon.— Lea 
colonies  fran^aises.    3rd  edition,  revised  and  enlarged.    Paris. 
Nearly  half  this  work  is  on  Algeria. 

4474.    1885.    Paul,  E. — Algier.    Rundschau  f.  Geogr.,  J.  vii.  S.  455-9. 

4476.  1885.  Montbrun,  Th. — Ghronique  trimestrielle  de  la  province  d'Oran. 
Bull.  Soc.  de  G^og.  d'Oran,  t.  v.  pp.  48-52. 

4476.  1885.  Cambon,  Victor. — De  Bone  k  Tunis,  Sousse  et  Kairouan.  Lyon : 
8vo,  pp.  195.    The  first  77  pages  only  concern  Algeria. 

4477.  1885.  Derrien,  Comm. — La  region  alg^rienne  traverse  par  le  m^ridien 
de  Paris.    Bull  Soc.  Gdog.  Paris,  No.  2,  p.  251. 

4478.  1885-86.  B^quet  et  MaroeL— L'Alg^rie :  gouvemement,  administration, 
l^islation.    Paris  :  3  vol.  8vo.    A  very  important  work. 

4479.  1885.    I«awle88,  Hon.  Emily. — A  Millionaire's  Cousin.    London :  8vo. 
A  slight  story,  the  scene  of  which  is  laid  at  Algiers. 

4480.  1885.    Taoonnet,  M. — Souvenirs  de  I'Alg^rie.  Le  Havre :  16mo,  pp.  294. 

4481.  1885.  Zavala,  Don  Francisco.— La  Bandera  Espailola  en  Argelia. 
Anales  hist6ricos  de  la  dominacion  Espaflola  en  Argelia  desde  1500  4  1791. 
2  voL  8vo,  pp.  368  and  352. 

4482.  1885.  Aumerat,  Bddacteur  de  la  Solidarity.— L'anti-s^mitisme  k  Alger. 
Alger:  8vo,  pp.  224. 

44B8.  1886.  Barbier  de  Meynard. — Rapport  sur  une  nouvelle  mission  ac- 
oomplie  par  M.  Basset  en  Alg^rie  ^  la  recherche  des  dialectes  berh^res.  Acad,  des 
Inscr.  et  Belles-Lettres,  Compte  Rendu,  4«  s^r.,  t.  xiv.  BuU.  avril,  mai,  juin, 
p.  260. 

4484.  1886.  Beclus,  O.— France,  Alg^rie  et  colonies.  Paris:  18mo,  120  illus- 
trations. 

4486.  1886.    Beclus,  Elis^ — Nouvelle  Geographic  Universelle.    Paris :  8vo. 
Vol.  xL  part  ii.  contains  Tripolitaine,  Tunisie,  Alg^rie,  Maroc  and  Sahara, 

pp.  912,  4  coloured  maps,  160  in  the  text,  and  83  woodcuts.     The  portion 
devoted  to  Algeria  is  from  p.  293-651. 

4488.  1886.  Iiarousse,  M.  Pierre. — Grand  Dictionnaire  Unive;wl  du  xix* 
si^e.    Paris :  4to.    Article  on  Alger,  vol.  i. 

4487.  1886.  MacCarthy,  Oscar.  — Africa  Antiqua.  Lexique  de  G^raphie 
compart  de  Fancienne  Afrique.    Rev.  Afr.,  vol.  xxx.  pp.  1  et  seq. 

This  important  i^ork  will  embrace  all  the  countries  of  extreme  North 
VOL.  II.  2  c 


281 


1.  KIBDOGHAPUY  OF  ALGERIA. 


Africa,  Mi<l   ivill  be  divided  into  two  distinct  parts :  *  Algeria  antlqufc*  ths 
ancient  Algeria,  with  Mnuritania  Zingitaoa,  or  Morocco,  and  'Tunisia  autiqua,'' 
the  ancient  Tunis  with  Iha  Tripolitnine. 
4488.    18S6,    Ueroier,  Emeat. — La  qtietticii  do    Muluclm.     Rev.  de  I'ACr. 

Frane.  Paris,  t.  iv.  p.  178. 
4488.    1886.     Ca.tial,  J.— Monosrapliie  do  I'lirrondiaBeinent  de  Tlemjen. 

Trim,  do  G&gr.  et  d'Arch.,  No.  28,  Arch.,  pp.  1-22 ;  also  Nob,  29, 30.  pp.  89-111, 
This  second  article  contains  at)  account  or  the  affair  of  Sidi  Brahim. 

4490. Lea  trouhlea  de  la  frontiire  marocainB  (raare-avril  1BB6). 

Noa.  29,  30,  pp.  112-20. 
4491.    1886.    Duval,  H.  V,— La  rcctiflcation  de  notre  rrontifire  alg^rieni 

le  Maroo,  I'oaBia  de  Figuig,     Itev.  de  G^ogr.  Paris,  May,  p.  361. 
4462.    1886.    Hansen-Blangated,  B.~Les  lies  Zaffarines  pris  de  la  frontiiirv  tic 
I'AIg^rie  et  da  Maroo.     C.  R.  Soc.  GSogr.  Paris,  No.  13,  p.  375;    La  Gax. 
Gfiogr.,  vol.  xxi.  No.  25. 
4493.    1886.    Carey,  HL—D' Alger  i  Tnnis.    OenSve :  18mo,  pp.  79, 
4404.    1886.    Bettler,  K.— Le  riseaa  den  chemins  de  fer  algfriens.      Bcr.  de 

I'Afrique  Fran^.  Puria,  t.  iv.  p.  2fi. 
44BE.     1886.     Bert,  J.,  Inspecteur  des  ForSts. — fitudo  aur  tes  plantations. 

This  boa  special  reference  to  Algeria,  and  is  published  by  the  Govern- 
ment Generel,     Alger  ;  ISrao,  pp.  91, 
4486.    1886.     De  Clam.  A.  du  Paty.— Note  aur  le  Fouvrara  (bouche  volcaniqn* 

du  sod  Orauais).     Bull.  Trim,  de  Gfiog.  et  d'ArohSol.,  Nos.  29-30,  p.  121. 
44B7.    18SG,    Carri^re,  Gabriel. — Qnelques  stations  pr^hisionqnes  de  la  Province 
d'Oraa.    1.  c,  Noa.  29,  30,  pp.  1.36-54,  3  platf*  of  flint  ioistruraenta. 

44S6.     Lcs  traces  dn  passfi  i  Lainoricifiro  (stationa  prfibistonqnea  Allnva, 

Hadjai^Boiim).    1.  c,  Nos.  29,  30,  pp.  12:j-35. 
4488.    1886.    Canal,  J.— La  frontiirc  marocaine  Oudjda.    I.  c,  p.  237. 

4600.  1886.    Demaeght,   Ii.  —  Nonvelles  d^uvert«9   arch^ilogiqiies   k    .Mc- 
Teraouchent  (Safar).    1.  c,  Nob.  29  and  30,  p.  155. 

4601.  1886.    Ijapalne,  Ivaa.— FouiIUe  de  Timaioiiin  (Ri^gion  de  Saida).    I.  c. 


Ull- 


Alger 


4602. 

p.  334. 
4S03.     18 
Tuniaie. 
r  4004.    1^ 

I  EspAJil 

L  4506.    IS 

H  croquis  d'l 

L 


1886.    SaJiara  et  Soudan,  by  F,  F.    Hovne  de  I'Afriqne  Fniii{«ise,  t.  ir. 

Bochai-d  Dahdah,  Comta. — Lea  colonies  (5ltBng&«s  en  Algiric- 
,  c,  p.  340. 

,    Fhilebert,  QdnAraL — -Le  g^ndral  Margneritte,    Algcrie  et  Sobara. 
du  Mexiiiue,     I'aris :  8vo,  with  portrait  of  General  Margnerilte. 

Say,   Louis. — Afriqu*  du   Nord   et   politique   coloniale,  notiH  ct 
1  ofiicier  de  marine,    Paris:  4to,  pp.  60, 11  maps  and  plates. 
e  et  r^me  militairc.    Touarega  et  mission  Flatters.    Colonial-Club 
MiniEt^re  dcs  ColonieE.     £tats  barbaresquea  et  Ministire  du  commerce. 

4606.  A  .  .  .  I  .  .  .  A  (Adelaide  Ehrenroth).— Tvo  Finakora  lustvandrin^r 
i  Europa  och  Afrika.  HetsiDgforB :  8vo,  pp.  232.  From  page  107  U}  the  cud 
concerning  Algiers. 

4607.  1686.  Hiraohfeld,  O.— I  sacordoti  mualcipali  ncll' Africa.  From  Uit 
Annali  ddl'  Istitulo  Atchool.  di  Roma,  t.  ixsviii,  p,  28. 


I 

J 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGEItlA.  885 

ft 

4606.  1886.  Mas  Iiatrie,  le  Comte  de,  Mcmbre  do  rinstitut. — Relations  et 
commerce  de  I'Airiqao  septentrionale  on  Maghreb,  avec  les  nations  chretiennes  au 
moyen-ftge.    Paris :  18mo,  pp.  650. 

A  review  of  it  appeared  in  the  *  Debats,'  2l8t  Jan.,  1887. 

4500.  1886.  Juiien  de  la  Gravi^re,  Yice-emiral. — ^Doria  et  Barberousse. 
Paris  :  18mo,  pp.  336.— See  4671. 

4510.  1886.  Masqueray,  £. — Formation  des  citds  chez  les  populations  s^en- 
taires  de  PAlg^rie  (Kabyles  du  Djurdjura,  Ghaoul'a  de  I'Aour&s,  Beni  Msab). 
Thfese  pr^8ent6e  ^  la  Faculty  des  Lettres  de  Paris.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  xlviii,  and 
326,  the  first  48  pages  being  a  bibliography  of  the  subject. 

A  learned  and  exhaustive  work. 

4511.  ■'  De  Aurasio  monte  ab  initio  secundi  p.  Ch.  saeculi  usque  ad 
Solomonis  expeditionem.  Thesim  Facultati  Litterarum  in  Academia  Parisiensi, 
etc.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  94,  with  2  maps. 

4512.  1886.  Saville,  Dr.  Thomas  D. — Hammam  B'irha;  a  winter  health- 
resort.  Vol.  ziii.  and  xiv.  of  St.  Thomas's  Hospital  Reports.  London:  8vo, 
pp.  18. 

An  amplification  of  the  report  first  published  by  the  author  in  1844. 
Published  separately,  London :  8vo,  pp.  18. 

4518.  1886.    France,  Hector. — Sous  le  burnous.    Paris :  18mo. 

4514.  1886.  Frescaly,  Marcel  (Lieut  Palat).— Manage  d'Afrique.  Paris: 
18mo. 

4515.  ■  Journal  de  route  et  correspondance.  Paris:  18mo,  pp.  315,  with 
portrait  and  map. 

4616.    Le  6™  MargouiUats.    Paris,  8vo. 

4617. Fleur  d'Alfa.    Paris :  18mo. 

Lieut.  Palat  was  a  very  promising  yoimg  officer ;  he  was  assassinated  by 
Bou  Ammama  in  the  south  of  Algeria. 

45ia  1886.  Algiers  and  its  Suburbe.  Illustrated.  Signed  W.  Century 
Magazine,  New  York,  Midsummer  No.,  Aug.,  p.  495. 

A  French  translation  of  this,  without  the  illustrations,  in  the  Bevue 
Britannique,  No.  10,  October,  p.  413,  signed  G.  d'Orcet. 

4519.  1886.    Fallu,  C.  de  Ijessert. — Notes  d*un  voyage  en  Afrique. 

The  author  received  one  of  the  "  bourses  "  granted  annually  by  the  Conseil 
Municipal  of  Paris  to  the  ificole  des  Hautes  £tudes.  The  article  in  question  is 
the  first  result  of  his  mission.  He  travelled  from  Philippeville  to  Lambessa 
and  various  places  in  the  interior  of  Constantine.  —  See  Bev.  de  PAfrique 
Fran9.  Paris,  1886,  t.  iv.  pp.  10,  68,  145,  with  illustrations, 

4590.  1886.  Castellane,  Comte  de. — Souvenirs  of  Military  Life  in  Algeria, 
by  .  .  ...  Translated  from  the  French  by  Margaret  Josephine  Lovett.  London : 
2  voL  8vo,  pp.  240  and  260.  The  author  came  to  Algiers  in  1842. — See  also 
Nos.  1590, 1622,  and  1622a. 

4521.  1886.  Tirman,  Ijouis,  Gouvemcur  g^n^ral  de  I'Algdrie. — Expos^  do  la 
situation ;  prdsent^  au  Conseil  sup^rieur.     Alger :  8vo,  pp.  399. 

4522.  1886.  Flayfledr,  Sir  B.  Ijambert. — Beport  of  a  Consular  Tour  in  the 
West  of  Algeria.    Consular  Beports,  1886,  part  iv.  p.  193,  pp.  15. 

La  Calle  and  the  Country  of  the  Khomair,  with  a  note  on  Norlh 


African  Marbles.    Joum.  B.  Asiat.  Soc.  of  Gt.  Brit,  and  Irel.,  Tol.  xyiii.  p.  28. 

2  c  2 


E'iS  A  BIBLIOGEAPHY  OF  ALdEBJA. 

4583.    IfiSS?    Beaulieu,  Paul   Leroy. — Do  la  colonisation  chcz  Ics  penpll 

modemes.     Paria ;  8vo,  pji.  G16. 
4668.     1886.     Bacbelst,  Th.— Lea  Araboa;  originc,  mtcurs,  religion,  conqueta 

Boaan:  Svo. 

4564.  1886.  Burbftud,  Boger. — Toiea  et  moyens  de  communication  ea  France, 
en  Alg&ie  ct  sn.  Tunisia.  Foria  eC  Limoges:  2  vol.  16m<i.  Petite  Bibliotli&^ni' 
de  r;\jTu6o  froiifoiae. 

4565.  1880.  Duveyrior,  H. — Note  sur  la  valonr  dea  longitudcB  dans  !e  S 
du  diSpnrtement  de  CimBtantiuc  ct  Iv  Snliari  tunifiieii.  Compte  Rendu  t 
G&igr.  Paria,  p.  13G. 

4566.    Koto  Eur  la  ddtcnnination  des  coordounfits  g&igr.  de  Touj 

C.  R.  Soc.  G&J^.  Paris,  No.  1,  p.  26. 

4567.  1886.  Oltramare. — Note  mt  la  di5tcr[niuBtion  des  ooordoonte  g£ogr.4 
Tou^ourt  par  Ics  oburvatiocs  ivstronomiiiuea  de  M.  Buvej-rier.    1.  c,  p.  25. 

4668.  1886.  Leroy,  A,  L.^Notes  et  impresaions  de  voyage  d'Alger  &  1 
Alger;  8vo. 

4669.    L'Algi5rie  et  Tuniaie  agricole.    iStade  conceraant  le  soi,  le  c! 

lea  culturea  diveraea,  &c.     Paria :  Svo,  pp.  235. 

4670.  1880.  B«naud,  G.— Do  Biidali  i  Bono  par  Alger  et  CoDGtsotine. 
(Jikig.  Inlecc,  11"  aun.,  Noa.  ISO  et  seg. ;  Bev.  Gliogr-,  No.  123. 

4671.  1886.    Allain,  B. — Itessourcca  de  I'Algurie.    Comptca  Hcndus  Soc.  de  G 
Paria,  pp.  3G3  el  stq. 

467S.  1886.  Hamel,  Ii. — De  la  uaturaliaatioD  des  indigSues  mlUDtmi 
TAlgirie.     Eev.  Alg.,  2°  aun.,  pp.  Ill  et  seq. 

4573.  18B6.     Iia  po^eie  et  la  musiq-uc  populaire  en  Alg^rie.    Gaz.  G^ogr.,  ] 

4574.  1880.    Jacquey,  J. — Du  ri^gimc  matrimonial  dee  lamflitea  noQ^to; 
fi'anfsis  ot  en  {larticulier  dea  larat-liti-B  marocaina  mari&  en  Alg^rie, 
AlgiSr.,  2*  ann.,  pp-  63-85. 

4576.  1886.  Charv^riat,  F.—De  raaaimilation  des  iudigSnes  dan*  FAi 
romainc.    Rev.  Algfir.,  2*  ann.,  pp.  45-60. 

4576.  1886.  MaUetorre.— Le  Sud  Oracoia.  Ball.  Soc  do  Geogr.  Conn 
deaux,  pp.  417-33. 

4577.  1886.    Kolm-AbreBt,  l*,— En  Alg<>rie,    3*  Wition.    Paris:  8vo,]^U 
4678.    1886.     Cbarmont,  J.— Be  I'application  i.  Alggrie de  la  loi  dn  3  aofltl68 

sur  la  r^foraic  judiciaire.    Eev.  Algiir,  2"  ana.,  p.  139. 

4578.  1886.  Bande  deMaurceley.^Lacoaqufited'Ain-Salali.  Revue Diplofi 
Nos.  SI,  32. 

4580.     1886.    Boulanger,  Ed.— £liido  anr  le  Sahara.     Revue  Soc  do  Ofogr.  i 

Tours,  3'  ann.,  pp.  134-63.    Sep.  ediiion,  Tours;  Svo,  pp.  20. 
4681.    1886.    Becoari,  O.  B.— U  Sahara.    Ball.  d.  See.  Fiorcnt.  c 

d'ltalia,  vol.  ii.  pp.  66-75. 
45es.    1686.    Siercks,  G.— NoidaTrikaimLichtederCulturgeecliiclite.  Utinnhei 

8vo,  pp.  vii.  Olid  404. 
4683.    1886.    Meynera  d'Eetrey,  Iio  Dr.  Cta. — Coknies  et  proleclorata  fmnf* 

Eev.  Colon.  Intematiouale,  t.  iii.  p.  416. 

Tlie  first  4  pp.  of  tljc  arti cl.'  are  devoted  to  Algeria. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  887 

4541.  1886.  Mequisse. —  Notice  sur  la  Kalaa  des  Beni  Hammad.  £tade 
tir^  des  r^its  des  au  tears  fran9ai8  et  de  Ibn  KhaldouD,  ^rivain  arabe.  L  c, 
p.2d4. 

4642.  1886.  Guin,  Ii. — Quelques  notes  sur  les  cntreprises  des  Espagnoles  pen- 
dant la  premidra  occupation  d*Oran.    L  c,  p.  312. 

4548.    1886.    Cotteau,  Perron  et  Gauthier.— Echinides  fossiles  de  I'AIg^rie. 

Paris. 

4544.  1886.  Hondas,  O. — Ethnographie  de  TAlgdrie.  Paris :  18mOy  illustrations 
and  maps. 

4545.  1886.    Rohlfb,  Gerhard.— Quid  novi  ex  Africa  ?    Gassel :  8vo,  pp.  288. 
A  number  of  detached  papers  on  a  great  variety  of  African  subjects,  in- 
cluding some  on  the  Barbary  States. 

4546.  1886.  Desfoss^s,  Edmond,  Avocat — La  Tunisie,  sous  le  protectorat  et 
son  annexion  k  I'Alg^rie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  44. 

The  writer  is  strongly  in  favour  of  the  latter,  and  of  the  creation  of  a 
formidable  port  and  arsenal  at  Bizerta. 

4547.  1886.  Dolphin  et  Gnin. — Complainte  arabe  sur  la  rupture  da  barrage 
de  St.-Denis-du-Sig  (depart.  d'Oran).  Notes  sur  la  po^ie  et  la  musique  arabes 
dans  le  Maghreb  algdrien.     Paris :  8vo. 

4548.  1886.    igUis,  H.,  dit  Hegessipe  Poissard. — Chanson.    Alger :  2  voL  8Ya 

4548.  1886.  Solignao,  Armand  de. — Les  debuts  militaires  en  Alg^rie  de 
Vincent  Dumiroir.    Limoges :  12mo. 

4550.  1886.  Chalon.  —  Souvenir  d'Alger.  Bruxelles:  12mo,  pp.  104,  with 
plan. 

4551.  1886.  BosBolaschi  d'Alm^ras. — Excursion  du  Club  Alpin  de  Constantino 
k  Tunis  et  k  Carthage.    BulL  Soc.  G4ogr.  de  Const.,  3*  ann.,  pp.  199-204. 

4552.  1886.  Fallot,  E. — £tudes  sur  les  Monts  Aur^.  BulL  Soc.  de  G^r. 
de  Marseille,  t.  x.  pp.  10-20. 

4558.  1886.  Ck>lombo. — Tableau  des  temperatures  des  pluies  tombdes  et  des 
crues  de  la  riviere  de  Biskra  depuis  1860.  Bull.  Soc.  Q^ogr.  de  Const.,  3*  ann., 
p.  207. 

4654.  1886.  Ghdllardon,  B.,  R^acteur  du  Moniteur  vinicole. — Manuel  du 
vigneron  en  Alg^rie  et  en  Tunisie.    Paris :  18mo. 

4555.    1886.    Maigne,  P. — Les  mines  de  la  France  et  de  ses  colonies.  Paris :  18mo. 

4566.  1886.  Iieolere,  C. — L'Alg^rie.  1**  Instructions  interpr^tatives  des  divers 
articles  du  ddcret  du  30  sep.  1878,  sur  les  alienations  de  terres  domaniales  de 
colonisation.  2*  Cr^tion  de  centres.  3**  Demande  de  concessions,  &c.  Con- 
stantine :  8vo,  pp.  194. 

4567.  1886.  Boiler,  Th. — Cultivateurs  et  vignerons  en  Alg^rie.  Bev.  des  deux 
Mondes,  1st  Jan.,  pp.  179-201. 

455a    1886.    Hondas,  O.— Ethnographic  d'Alg^rie.    Paris :  18mo,  pp.  124. 

4558.    1886.    Ck>ntdean,  Ch.— La  mer  d'Alfa.    Notes  de  voyage.    Soc.  de  Gtog. 

Comm.  de  Nantes,  pp.  69-94. 
4600l    1886.    Ijanessan,  Dr.  de,  D^put^. — L'expansion  coloniale  de  la  France ; 

^tude  historique,  g^ographique,  politique  et  dconomique  de  nos  colonies  et  pro- 

tectorats.    Paris :  8vo,  with  numerous  maps. 

4661.  1886.  Fiohenr,  £.~Itin6raires  do  la  Grande  Kabylie.  Alger:  18mo» 
pp.33. 


I  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 


1  . 


4688.  1B36?  Beaulieu,  Paul  Iieroy. — Be  k  coloaigatioa  ctmz  Ifs  peofJM' 
moderneB.     Paria :  8vo,  p|>.  GIG. 

4683.  1886.  Beichelet,  Th.— Lcs  Arabea;  oiigine,  laceiirs,  religion,  conqufites. 
Itouen;  Bvo. 

4684.  1886.  Burbaud,  Boger. — Voii.>s  et  moyens  de  communic&tioD  en  France, 
en  Algi5rie  et  en  Tunisie.  Paris  etLiraogea:  2toI.  16mo.  Petite  Bibliotbei^ui 
de  rArm^  franpaiae. 

4S6S.    1886.    Duveyrler,  H. — Note  aur  U  valenr  Aes  longitudes  dans  le  Sahiira 
du  d^^pnrteinent  da  CnOHtantiiie  et  le  SaLnra  tnniaien.    Compte  Renda  tjuc. 
GiSogr.  Paris,  p.  135. 

4666. '  Ncte   sur  k  ddtermi nation  dea  coordoiin&a  g^gr.  de  Tou^cn 

C.  E.  Soc.  GSo^T.  Paris,  No.  1,  p.  26. 

4567.  18iS6.  Oltramare. — Nolo  sur  la  d^tecmiimti»n  des  coordounles  s^off.  de 
Touggourt  par  lcs  observations  natroaomiques  de  BI.  DuvejTier.     1.  c.,  p.  25, 

4668.  1686.  lieroy,  A.  L. — Notes  et  impressions  de  royage  d'AIgcr  i.  Timia. 
AlgGr:  8vo. 

4568.    L'AlgiStic  et  Tunisie  ngricole.    £tnde  concemant  le  sol,  le  cliinat, 

liis  cultures  diversiee,  &c.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  235. 

4B70.    1880.    Eonaud,  Q.—De  Blidah  i  BOne  par  Alger  et  ConatanHne.    Rev. 

G&og.  Intern.,  ll'aan.,  Noa,  12S  ct  acq.;  Bev.G6ogr,  No.  123. 
4671.     1886.     Allain,  B. — Ressourcea  de  rAlg^ric,    Comptcs  Il«ndlis  Soc.  de  G6:^ 

Piiris,  pp.  363  cl  trq. 

4675.  1886.  Hamel,  L. — De  la  imturalication  des  indigenes  musnlmMU  de 
rAlg<5rie,     Rev.  Al-..  2"  aun.,  pp.  Ul  et  irq. 

4673.  1886.    Lsi  po^aie  et  la  musique  pojiulairc  en  Alg^rte.    Goz.  G^r.,  No.  23. 

4674.  1888.  Jaoqney,  J. — Du  rCgimo  matrimonial  des  lBrs<!litca  non-dtoyent 
fras^ais  et  en  ]>articulier  des  Ismt^litcs  marocains  mariiJs  en  Alg^ie.  Rernc 
Alg^ir.,  2»  ano.,  pp.  65-85. 

4576.  1886.  Charv^riat,  F. — De  rassiniilatioa  des  indigenes  dans  I'A&iqae 
romaine.     Rev.  Algt^r.,  %'  ann.,  pp.  45-60. 

4676.  1886.  MaUeterre.— Le  Sud  Oranais.  Bull.  Soc  do  Geogr.  Comni.  Bor- 
deaux, pp.  417-33. 

4577.  1886.    Kolm-AbreBt,  P.— En  Algf  rie.    3"  6dilion.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  lOB. 

4578.  1886,  Oharmont,  J.— Do  I'Bpplicatioo  i  Algi?rie  de  la  loi  dn  3  aoflt  1885, 
aur  k  rSformc  judiciaire.     Rev.  Alg<;r.,  2*  ann.,  p.  139. 

4578.  1886.  Bando  dsMaurceley.— Laconqueted'Ain-Salali.  Revue  Di plum.. 
Nos.  31,  32. 

4580.  1886.  Boulanger,  £d.~]ttiide  sur  le  Sahara.  Revue  Soc  de  G^<^.  dc 
Tours,  3*  ann.,  pp.  134-53.    Sep.  edition.  Tours;  8vo,  pp.  20. 

4581.  1886.  Becofirl,  O.  B.— II  Sahara.  Bull.  d.  See.  Fiorent  d.  Soc.  Afric 
d'llalia,  vol.  li.  pp.  66-75. 

4685.  1886.  Dieroka,  a.— NorUafriSiaimLicbtederCultui^eschichle.  Miincbea: 
8vo.  pp.  vii.  and  404. 

4688.  1886.  Meynersd'Estrey,  I<eDr.  Cte. — Coknios  et  protectorat*  rraiiTais. 
Iter.  Colon.  Internationale,  t.  iii.  p.  416. 

The  first  4  pp.  of  tbc  article  are  devoted  to  Algerin. 


uira 

.de  J 

m 

■At!     '^ 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  389 

-4584.  1886.  Kobelt,  W.— Die  Saugethiere  Nordafrikas.  Zoolog.  Garten,  J.  xxvii. 
No.  6-8. 

4584a.    Reiseerinneruagen  aus  Algerieo  u.  Tunis.    Frankfurt 

4586.    1886.    RoiUft,  G.— Le  Nord  d'Afrique.    Gaz.  G^gr.,  No.  39. 

4586.  1886.  Holland,  G. —  Hydrographie  et  orographic  du  Sahara  algdricn. 
Bull.  Soc.  de  G^r.  PariB,  pp.  203-56,  with  map. 

4587.  1886.  Saint-Tves,  G. — Le  transit  entre  TAlgdrie  et  le  Soudan,  et  le 
prcjet  du  Trans-saharien.    Bev.  de  Soc  Geogr.  de  Tours,  3*  ann.,  pp.  285-301. 

4588.  1886.    Alg^rie,  Ics  mariages  en.    Ann.  de  TextrSme  Orient,  t.  ix.  pp.  71-5. 

4588.     1886.    Alger,  station  hibemale.    L  c.,  pp.  20-5. 

4580.  1886.  F^rier,  A.— D'Alger  k  Eairouan.  Bull.  5*  de  la  Sect.  Lyon,  du 
Club  Alpin. 

4591.  1886.  Algiers.  Bodenerzeugnisse,  Industrie  und  Handel.  Export, 
No.  43. 

'4592.  1886.  Krebs,  W. — Sahara  und  Saharameere.  Aus  alien  Welttheilen, 
vol.  xviii.  No.  3,  ]>.  77. 

4598.  1886.  Weyde,  P.  H.  van  der. — ^The  ultimate  results  of  converting  the 
basin  of  the  Sahara  into  an  inland  lake.  Proc.  Amer.  Assoc,  for  Adv.  of  Sc,  voL 
xxxiii.  p.  443. 

4594.  1886.  Flympton,  G.  W.  —  Flooding  the  Sahara.  Science,  vol.  vii. 
No.  176,  p.  543,  with  map. 

-4595.  1886.  Bambaud,  Alfred. — La  France  Coloniale.  Histoire,  Geographie, 
Commerce,  with  12  maps.    Paris. 

4596.  1886.  Dain,  A. — Projet  de  lol  sur  le  regime  de  la  propri^t^  fonciere  en 
Alg^rie.    Rev.  Alg^r.,  3*ann.,  pp.  1-28. 

4597.  1886.  Benoist,  G. — De  I'instruction  et  de  T^ducation  des  indig^es  dans 
la  province  de  Constantine,  avcc  carte.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  viii.  and  148. 

4596.  1886.  Glaohant,  C. —  Bapport  sur  Tinstruction  publiquc  en  Alg^ric. 
Paris:  8vo. 

•4599.    1886.    Boy. — UAlgerie  ancienne  et  modeme.    Limoges :  8vo,  pp.  192. 

-4600.  1886.  Dctjan,  A. — Les  int^rdts  de  TAlgdrie  ct  la  question  du  phylloxera. 
Kev,  de  I'Afr.  Fran9.,  November. 

4601.  1886.  Derrien,  J.,  Commandant — ^Les  Fran9ai8  k  Gran  depuis  1830 
jusqu'^  nos  jours.    Aix :  8vo,  pp.  242. 

46QS.  1886.  Nordfltrb'm,  J.  A.,  Consul  -  Geueral.  —  Consular  lleport;  see 
Berattelser  om  handel  och  sjOfart,  Stockholm,  No.  3,  pp.  135-6  and  410-lG. 

-4603.  1886.  Fouyanne. — Documents  relatifs  k  la  mission  dirig4o  au  sud  de 
TAlg^rie.  Paris :  4to,  pp.  23;i,  6  pkns  and  sections.  Published  by  the  Ministry 
of  Public  Works. 

Ihe  object  of  M.  Pouyanne's  mission  was  to  make  a  reconnaissance  of  the 
.line  from  Bas-el-Ma  towards  the  Oued  Guir ;  from  Tiaret  to  EUMaia,  and  from 
Saida  to  the  south. 

^4604.  1886.  Veeren,  F.  E.  Ii. —  Over  het  ontstaan  der  Sahara.  Tijdschr. 
Aardrijks.  Genootsch.  Amsterdam,  Afd.  Mededeel.,  No.  7,  p.  562. 

-4605.  1886.  Malleterre,  M. — Le  sud  Oranais  considdrd  comme  point  de  depart 
des  explorations  sahariennes.  Bull.  Soc.  Gdo^r.  Comm.  Bordeaux,  vol.  ix.  No.  13, 
p.  105. 


390  A  BlBLIOGEAPey  OF  ALGERIA, 

4006.  1886.  Weisgerber,  H.— Notes  sur  Ic  Oiied-Rir  et  ks  Iiabitaitto  et  MB 
iiuelques  moQumuiLts  du  Sahara  alguricn.    Paris :  8vo,  ['p.  35. 

4607.  1886.  Lataste. — Catalogue  proTisoirede8iTuimmil%K8Hi«tagiqucssauvi^<» 
lie  BarUirie.  [Algi^ric — Tunisie^-Matoc]  Estrait  desAcleaSoc.  Linu.Bo  ileaus, 
vol.  xsxix.  p.  129. 

4608.  1886.    Foncin,  P.— Les  icdigSoeB  de  \'Alg6ne.    Rev.  de  G^gr.,  Feb, 


WOO.    1886.    O»iyot,  T.— La  propri.5tfi  ei 
Bnll.  Soc.  G^gr.  Comm.  PariB,  vol.  viiL  I 


Tunisie  et  en  Algi^rie,  et  I'acte  Ti 


e  dans  ]e  Sahara  Oranaia.    Bull. 


Bull.^^1 
Riill.  S^.  I 


4610.     1886.    Basset,  Ben^.— Ui 

O^ogr.  de  I'Est,  p,  433. 

Tliia  is  an  account  of  njouraey  from  Saida  to  Khalfalah  bjr  ti 

4811.    DocuMPnts  g^ographi fines  aur  I'AMque  Beptentrionale.    Bui L  Soc 

lie  Googr.  de  I'Est,  pp.  28-48. 

4612,     1886.    Ferret,  IL,  aocien  Capitaine  Aex  Zouavei. — Lea  Frtiafaia  eii  Arrique. 

lidcits  algSrieoa.    Paris!  2  vol.  pp.  483-9;  the  first  Irom  1830-48;  the  second 

from  1848-86. 
461S.    1886.    Bernard,  F.,    CapiUiDe  d'artillerie.  — Camet  d'ttinL^raire   de  la 

division  d'Alger,   rodigiS   i   rfical-major  de  la  division.     Avec  une  carle  de  U 

division.    Alger :  8fo,  \ip.  3Bi. 

4614.    1686.    Baudel,  J.— Un  an  &  Alger.    Escureions  et  sourenire.    Paris: 

8vo,  PI).  308. 
481B.    1886.    Malleterre. — Le  Sod  Oranais.     Assoc.  Fran?,  yxnii  I'Avance.  du 

So.,  Conference  faito  pour  le  Groupc  Gfopr.  Bordeaus  le  31  niai,  Tftrbea  le  19  jum. 

Bull.  Soc.  G^-og.  Coram,  de  Bord.,  Nob.  U  nnd  15,  pp.  417  and  6:i0. 

4819.  1886.  Uartlmprey,  G^DiStal  Comto  de.— Souvenirs  d'lin  officier  d'^lat- 
major.  Eistoiro  de  I'litahlissemtut  de  la  domination  fran^alsu  dona  la  pniviim 
d'Orun.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  288,  map. 

Rev.  de  la  LSgta.m 


4618.     1866.     QlasBon,  E,— La  Revue  Algiirienne  et  M.  Dai 
TorrcDs  (Na  4596).    La  France  Judiciairt-,  March. 

4816.     1886.    Xia  Vente   de  terres  dotn&ulales 
franj-aiii,  ~2lst  Marcli. 

4690.     1886.    Bollet,    T.— La  i 
L'Ecouomiste  franjais,  30th  Jan, 


Alg^ric.     L'too 
iropriuli-  rurale  et  les  cajiitalistes  en 
La   produotion   Vitioole  en  Algdrie.    L'^conomisle  i 


laS.    1886.    Doumoro.— Le  commerce  de  I'AlgiSrie.    Eev.  Sc.,  lOlli  Ajwil. 
)28.    1836.    lie  Sahara  Algdrlen  d'aprfs  M.   Holland  (No.  45SG). 
Guogr.  et  Esplor.,  lat  Ai>ril.— See  also  No.  4638. 

Lqb  Routes  do  I'Alg^rie  eu  Soudaji.    Jonrn.  dcs  Sc  ! 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  391 

4625.  1886.  "La  Fo^sie  et  la  Musique  populaire  en  Alg^ric.  Gaz.  Gdogr., 
No.  23. 

4628.  1886.  Almkyist,  H. — Die  Bischari-Sprache  Ttl-Bedawie  in  Nordost- 
Afrika,  beschreibend  und  vergleicbend  dargestellt.  2  Bd.  Biscbari-dentsch  und 
dentscb-biscbari  Worterbucb  nebst  arab.  Wortverzeicbnisse.    Upsala. 

4627.  1886.  Westerlimdy  C.  A. — Fauna  der  in  der  palaarctiscben  Region 
(Europa,  Eaukasien,  Siberien,  Turan,  Persien,  Kurdistan,  Armenien,  Mesopota- 
mien,  Eleinasien,  Syrien,  Arabien,  Egypten,  Tripolis,  Tunesien,  Algerien  und 
Morocco)  lebenden  Binnenooncbylien.    VI.    Lund,  Berlin. 

4628.  1887;  FaUot,  Ernest.— Par  deU  la  M^diterran^e.  Kabylic,  Aur^, 
Kronmerie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  3  and  307. 

4630.  1887.  Vignon,  Iiouis. — La  France  dans  TAfrique  du  Nord — Alg^rie  et 
Tunisie.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  v.  and  290. — See  also  Gaz.  G6ogr.,  lOtb  April  ti  seq.^ 
and  Rev.  Colon.  Intern.,  January. 

4681.    1887.    Bernard  Docteur.— L'Algferie  Qui  S'en  Va.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  888. 

4668.  1887.  Tnimelet,  Colonel  C— Blida.  Hdcits  selon  la  legende,  la  tradi- 
tion et  rbistoire.    Alger :  2  vol.  12 mo. 

4684.  1887.  Flayftiir,  Sir  B.  Lambert,  K.C.M.a.— Handbook  for  Travellers 
in  Algeria  and  Tunis  (Murray's).  Tbird  edition,  revised  and  greatly  augmented. 
London :  8vo,  pp.  335,  8  maps,  and  a  sbort  Bibliography. 

4686.  1887.  Ferret,  E. — Les  Franjais  en  Afrique,  r^cits  alg^riens.  1"  serie 
(1830-48).  Le  Dey  d' Alger;  Dcbarquement  des  Fran9ais;  B6ne;  Medea,  &c. 
Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  ix.  and  487.    2*  s^rie  (1843-86). 

4686.  1887.  Weyl,  J. — Les  Juifs  proteges  fran9ais  aux  ^belles  du  Levant  et  en 
Barbaric,  sous  les  r^gnes  de  Louis  XIV.  et  de  Louis  XV.  d'aprds  des  documents 
in^its.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  35. 

4687.  1887.  Ija  France  Coloniale  :  Alg^rie,  Tunisie,  &c.,  considdrees  au  point 
de  vue  bistorique,  g^graphique,  ethnograpbique,  et  commercial.  Tours:  8vo, 
pp.  376,  with  illustrations. 


1887.  Holland,  G.,  Ingdnieur  au  Corps  des  Mines. — Sur  les  sondages 
artdsiens  et  les  nouvelles  oasis  fran9aise8  de  POued  Rir.  G.  R.  Acad.  So.  Paris, 
January.    Published  separately,  8vo,  pp.  71,  figures  in  text. — See  also  No.  4623. 


1887.  Ijebourgeois,  8. — La  colonisation  de  PAlgdrie  ])ar  voies  fcrrdes. 
Rev.  de  Gdogr.,  xx.  p.  286. 

4640.  1887.    Sainte-Fhalle,  Comte  £.  de. — La  viticulture  et  la  vinification  en 
Algdrie.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  308. 

4641.  1887.    Margon,  Comte  de.— Le  Gdndral  Abdelal.    Paris :  12mo. 

4642.  1887.    O^eofProj^  A. — Les  Arabes  pasteurs  et  nomades  do  la  tribu  des 
Larbaa.    Paris:  8vo. 

4648.    1887.    Drouet,  Henri.— Alger  et  le  Sahel.    Paris:  12mo. 

1887.  Elayser,  Qabriel. — Bibliograpbie  d'ouvrages  ayant  trait  k  TAfrique 
en  g^n^l  dans  ses  rap(K>rts  avec  Texploration  et  la  civilisation  de  oes  contr^es^ 
depuis  la  commencement  de  Timprimerie  jusqu*k  nos  jours.  Bruxelles:  8vo, 
pp.  176. 

Tbis  cites  2276  works,  of  wbich  only  117  refer  to  North  Africa. 


892  A  lUBLlOGRAPHV  OF  ALGERIA. 

4646.  1887.  Bihonrd,  Q. — La  situation  finauci^re  des  commuDee  de  Frttnee  rt 
d'Alg^rie,  prdc&li^e  d'un  tableau  indiqiiaDt  la  Kituation  financitredosddpftrlemeiitf 
Cann^  1886).    Tome  i.t.    Nancy  et  Paris:  iVo,  pp.  xx,  sad  720. 

4846.  1887.  Bousaet,  C— Le  gouTcraemeat  du  Mar&;tial  CUuiel  en  AlgCrie 
(1835-1836).    ItcT.  iee  daux  Mondea,  lat  Jan. 

4647.  La  premiere  PX[i^ition  de  Conataiitine.    1.  c,  Ist  Feb. 

4648.  Le  gouveniement  de  Damrfimont,  le  traits  de  la  Ta&A  et  la  pri« 

dc  Canstaotinc.    !.  c,  list  March. 

4649.  La  rupture  du  trdiit^  de  la  Tafna  et  le  col  de  la  Mouiaia.    L  c, 

16th  April. 

4650.  1887.    Tardieu,  Ambroae. —Alger  tel  qu'il  est.    Paris:  4to,  iilustratcd. 
The  author  passed  a  wintur  here,  and  saya,  "Alger  mirite  tous  les  ^loges  de 

I'ecrivaiD,  tout  I'eQt.hnusiasme  du  tuUTiste." 

4651.  ISlJT.  Badin,  A. — Jena  Casteynis;  aventuros  de  trots  enfants  en  Algi-ri#. 
Faris;  8to,  pp.  270,  with  illustrations. 

4652.  188T.    Qibert,  ^id.—Lea  diligences  an  Sahara,    Paris:  Sto,  pp.  43. 
46Sa    1887.    Blancard,  Th.— Bakhta,  r£cit  alg^rien.    Bev.  du  Hondo  Utin, 

4664.    1887.    Ccsur,  P.— Uo  Dracne  &  Alger.    Paris :  18mo,  pp.  S72. 

4655.  1887.  Beauaaier,  Maroelin.  —  Dictionnnire  pratique  Arabe-FraufWs, 
contenant  tous  lea  mots  emplujcs  Ao-db  I'Arabe  parle'  en  Alg6rie  et  en  TuniBe, 
aiiiu  quo  dans  le  style  fpislolaire,  lea  pi^s  tisuelles  et  les  actea  judici^rs. 
Alger:  4to,  lithographed. 

4666.  1887,  Belkaaaem  ben  Sedira.— Cours  de  langne  Eabyle.  (Dialecie 
Zouaoua.)     Orammaire,  vuraions,  contes,  fables,  &c.     Alger:  Sro. 

4667.  1887.  Ibn  Malek.— L'AIQya.  Trad,  en  Fraufaia,  aTec  lo  taste  Arabc  ec 
regard.     Liv.  i.,  ii.     Conatautine :  4to,  pp.  32. 

465a    1887.    Balnaoli,  J.,  C.  Bichet,  and  D.  Houdas.— Muuel  Franco- 

Arabs.    Paris :  12mo,  pp.  vii.  and  188. 
4S50.    1S87.    Koohaid,  Alph. — Marine  muchaudo  et  colonies.     Paris  :  12uio, 
with  map  of  railways  in  Algeria  and  Tunis. 

This  is  a  reproduction  of  articles  that  originally  appeared  in  the  It«v.  da 
I'Afr.  Pranf .  aud  the  Eev.  Fraui:.  de  r]5traog.  et  des  Colon. 
4660.     1887.     Boiarogrer,    A.    de.^Le   Sahara  Alg£rieii  Itlustr^,  soUTemrs  de 
voyage,  notes  et  croquis  (1886-1887).    Faac.  1.    Paris  :  folio,  pp.  8,  4  pis. 

4681.  1887.  Boucher,  Ziouls. — La  colooisatioQ  de  Philip]ieville  i  Conitaatiu. 
Itouen :  4to,  pp.  15. 

4682.  1867.  Qaffarel,  PauL— La  couquSte  de  I'Algdrie  jusqu'^  la  prise  de 
Conatantine.    Paris :  8to,  pp.  192,  54  i  11  usl rations, 

4663.  1887.    Benigni,    Umb.— L'Affrica  hihiioaj  aaggio  di  goografia  fisica  a 

politic*  dell'  Affrica  primitiva,     Perugia :  16mo,  pp.  69. 

4664.  1887.  VlUefosse,  H,  de.— Bibliographie  doa  onvr^es  de  L*)n  Roiusr. 
Paris. 

This  list  coDtaiua  336  articles,  the  gre.iter  part  of  which  are  on  the  epigraphy 
of  North  Africa. 


A 


A  BIBLIOQRAPHT  OF  ALGEHIA.  393 

4665.  1887.  Fiaoher,  Th. — Kiistenstudien  aas  Nordafrika.  Petcrm.  Mittheil., 
B.  xxxiii.  S.  1-14  et  aeq.    Maps. 

4666.  1887.  BaJoUe,  Cne.— Le  Sahara  d'Ouargla,  do  TOued  Mia  H  TOued  Ighar- 
ghar.    Alger :  8vo,  pp.  49,  with  map. 

4667.  1887.  D^Btoumelles  de  Constant. — Les  congregations  religieuscs 
chez  les  Arabes,  ct  la  oonquite  de  TAfrique  du  Nord.    Paris :  18mOy  pp.  72. 

4668.  1887.    Bert,  FauL — Les  Alssaouas.    Rev.  de  THypnotisme,  Feb. 

4668.    1887.    lies  tremblements  de  terre  en  Alg<$rie.    Rev.  So,  23rd  Jan. 

4670.  1887.  Jurien  de  la  Qravi^re,  Admiral  Am. — ^Les  Gorsaires  bar- 
baresques  et  la  Marine  de  Soliman  le  Grand.  Paris:  18mo,  pp.  xi.  and  383, 
4  maps. 

4i671.  1887.  Qrammont»  H.  de. — Doria  et  Barberousse :  a  review  of  the  work 
pf  Jorien  de  la  Gravidre  (No.  4509).     Bev.  Critique,  31st  Jan. 

4672.    Histoire  d* Alger  sous  la  domination  turque  (1515-1830).    Paris : 

8vo,  pp.  xvi.  and  424. 

4673.  1887.  lies  plantations  de  palmiers-datticrs  dans  TAfrique  fran9ai8e. 
£conomiste  Fran^ais,  list  Jan. 

4b674.    1887.    Ii'Al^^^rie  et  le  budget  firan9ais.    1.  c,  15th  Jan« 

4675.  1887.  lie  d6veloppement  de  PAlgMe  et  les  d^fauts  de  la  politique 
suivie  jusqu*^  ce  jour.    1.  c,  12th  Feb. 

4016.  1887.  lie  B^gime  financier  de  PAlg^rie,  les  charges  de  la  colonic  et  do 
la  m^tropole.    1.  c,  7th  May. 

4677.    1887.    lie  Credit,  les  banques  et  les  syndicats  en  Alg^ric.    1.  c,  21st  May. 
•4678.    1887.    lies  Indig^es  ct  les  imp6t8  en  Alg^rie.    1.  c,  4th  Jime. 
4i679.    1887.    Ii*Avenir  de  la  France  dans  TAfrique  du  Nord.    L  c,  2nd  July. 

1887.    De^jardinSy  Alb. — Le  droit  criminel  en  Alg^rie  et  dans  les  colonies 
(1878-85).    Bev.  Grit,  de  L^g.  et  de  Jurisp.,  January. 

1887.    Kinn,  Ii. — Deux  chansons  Eabyles  sur  rinsurrection  de  1871. 
Bev.  Afr.,  vol.  xxxi.  p.  54. 

•4682.  1887.  Quin,  Ii. — De  la  suppression  du  manuscrit  '*  Les  reflexions  bril- 
laotes  de  Jupiter  ou  commentaire  du  *  Collier  precieux»'  qu'avait  r^ig^  Mohammed 
bou  Bas  ben  En-Na9er.'*    1.  c,  p.  72. 

4688.    1887.    P.  G.— Le  Bempart  d'loosium.    1.  c,  p.  81. 

4684.  1887.  Francisque  -  Michel,  B.  —  Documents  in^its,  ayant  trait  k 
Poccupation  d'Oran  par  ies  Espagnols.  Belation  v^ridique,  &c  A  translation  of 
No.  99.    Bull.  Trim,  de  G6ogr.  et  d'Arch.  d'Gran,  t.  vii.  p.  10. 

4685.  1887.  Bouts. -— Documents  ooncemant  le  projet  de  chemins  de  /er 
trans-sahariens.    1.  c,  p.  22. 

4686.    Statistique  commerciale  de  la  Province  d'Oran,  1885-6.      1.  c, 

pp.  35  et  teq, 

4BS7.  1887.  Fallary,  Fanl. — Excursion  dans  Parrondissement  de  Mascara. 
1.  c,  p.  49. 

L    1887.    Canal,  J. — Note  sur  une  ddcouverte  arch^logique  faite  ii  Nemours. 
1.  a,  p.  60. 


S9i  A  BIBLIOGKAPHV  OF  ALGEBU. 

4888.    1887.    Demaeght,  X..— Com  ri  but  ion  nu  recueil  des  moanaics  (iapp^  aon? 

les  dyoaaties  mitsulmanea  du  aord  de  I'Arriqiie.     i.  c,  p.  C3  et  Kq. 
4880.    Notes  gt'ographiqiies,  arcliuologiquea  et  bistorique*,  concemant  k 

partio  do  Id  Maur^taniu  Ci^Siiritouc  curreapondaut  i.  la  Province  d'Otao.    1.  c^ 

p.  223  et  seq. 
4681.    1897.    Mouvement  dea  CaraTanes  vera  le  eud  de  U  Province  d'Onm. 

1.  c,  p.  179  ;  also  the  Mobacber. 
4883.     1887.     Sain,  A. — Projet  de  loi  sur  k  propri£tc  foaciere  en  Algeria  (rapport 

pr^ate  an  nom  de  k  commisaiOD).  Rev.  Algdr.  et  Tunis,  de  Lfgis.  et  de  Jiiriap., 

January,  p.  5. 

This  project  was  adopted  bj  the  Conseil  Sup^rieur  in  1886,  o&i]  wiU  be 
submitted  for  Ibe  sancciun  of  parliameDt.    It  greatly  Bimplifiea  the  queition  ol' 
mortgage  and  trausiiiisBiun  of  proj>erty. 
4683.    1687.    Eyssautier,  L.  A. — Le  statut  r^l  franpaia  en  Alg6rie.    Joriapm- 

dence  algiSrienne  et  tuniBienne.     I.  o.,  May-June.  ' 

4894.    1887.    SSrezIat,  Dr.— Tebessa  et  Bes  environs.    Bull.  Aoad.  d'Hippont^ 

No.  22,  fasc.  1. 

4695.  1887.     Jus,  M.— InginiL-ur  aur  I'Oued  Souf.     1.  c. 

4696.  1887.     Canal,  J,— Oudjik.  Notice  aveo  carte  et  pkn.    Paria :  8vo,  pp,  CO, 
and  Rev.  Afr.  Fr.,  July. 

Ad  account  of  the  Marocan  city  of  Oadjda,  and  of  the  Algerian  side  of 
tbe  frontier. 

4687-    ■ Lea  troubles  de  k  frontiSre  marocaine,  Mare-Avril  1886.    Paris : 

8vo,  pp.  45. 

Tlie  author  was  en  eye-witness  of  tbe  operations  which  he  describes. 
4698.    1887.    Gonatantine.     Le  deraaement  de  Koudiat-Ati.    Rev.  de  I'A^r. 
Franf.,-Jan.,  p.  5. 

Description  of  an  important  work  about  to  be  undertaken  for  the  impCOTe- 
meat  of  Conatautine. 

4689.    1887.    lift  demi&re  SsBaion  du  Conaeil  8up6risuT.    1.  c,  p.  21. 

4700.  1887.    Fawtier,  P. — Lea  vautes  de  terres  domaniales  en  Alge'rie.    Bev. 
Afr.  Fr.,  p.  53. 

These  sales  took  place  in  consequence  of  the  kw  of  20tli  December,  18T9, 
regarding  Bn[)erior  education. 

4701.  1867.     Chemina  de  fer  Algdriena.    1.  c.,  p.  65. 
An  account  of  tbi^  lines  in  piugrt.'Ss  or  projected. 

470S.     1887.     Bernard,  Antoine. — La  uouvello  loi  sur  la  propridle.    1.  c.,  April, 

p.  126. 
4708.    I88T.    PieBBO,  L.— La  Fonime  Arabe.    1.  c.  May,  pp.  147  H  tey. ;  also 

separately,  Paris :  8vo,  with  illustrations,  pp.  4d. 
4704.     1887.    OUvalnt,  Maurioe.— Voyage  des  Miiiistres  en  Al-iirie.      1.  c, 

Moy,  p.  104. 
470B.     1887,     Herder,  E.— Les  Muzabitea.     1.  c,  August,  p.  253. 
4708.    1887.    Wahl,  Mauri oe.— Alger.     1.  c,  February,  pp.  43  et  teq.;  aita 

published  separately,  Paris  :  8to,  with  32  illustrations. 

4707.    1*8  Congri^gaiiona  d'Jskm.    1.  c,  September,  p.  286. 

4708.  1887.    Bourin,  E.— T^nfia  (Cartennas).    1.  c,  October,  pp.  307  et  te-j. ; 
>l»j  neparately,  Paris :  8vo,  with  Ulustrations. 


^ 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.  395 

4709.  1887.  Glachanty  C. — ^Rapport  sur  rinstruction  publiquo  en  Algdrie. 
Paris :  8vo ;  from  tbe  Bev.  P^dagogique. 

4710.  1887.    M.  Berthelot  en  Alg^rie.  Hev.  de  TEnseig.  Second,  et  Sup.,  April. 

4711.  1887.  Oiberty  Ed. — ^Excursions  dans  le  Sahara  Alg^rien.  Kev.  Fran9aise 
de  V6tnnger,  April. 

4712.  1887.    Hochaid,  A. — Les  chemins  de  fer  de  I'Algdrie-Tunisie.    1.  c. 

4718.  1887.  IiesBeps,  F.  de. — Sur  divers  ph^nom^nes  offerts  par  les  puits 
art^ens,  r^mment  for^  en  Alg^rie.  Gomp.  Bend,  de  I'Acad.  des  Sc., 
13th  January. 

4714.  1887.  Iienoir,  Alph. — La  caravane  parlementaire  au  Sahara.  Nouy. 
Bev.,  1st  May. 

4715.  1887.  Bernard,  Dr. — lia  prise  d' Alger  vue  par  un  sabord.  Hon.  Univers., 
27th  August  et  seq. 

4718.  1887.  Grignon,  Ii. — Voyage  4  Tunis  et  4  Alger  au  xvu*  sidcle.  Bev.  de 
Champ,  et  de  Brie,  April. 

4710.    1887.    Notre  iESmpire  dans  I'Afrique  du  Nord.   Gaz.  Gdogr.,  2nd  June. 

4720.  1887.    Alg^rie.    Les  conditions  de  culture  en.    1.  c,  No.  11. 

4721.  1887.  Benaud,  G.— De  Blida  k  Bone  par  Alger  et  Constantine.  Bev. 
GA)gr.,  No.  laS. 

4722.  1877.  Iiarivi^re,  Ch.  de. — De  Kabylie  en  Khroumirie.  Bev.  Gdn., 
1st  May. 

4728.    1887.    Gibson,  H.— Mission  of  Algeria.    Month  June. 

4724.  1887.  Goldziher,  Dr.  Ignaz. — Materialien  zur  Eenntniss  der  Almo- 
hadenhew^ung  in  Nordafrika.  Zeitsohrift  der  Deutschen  Morgenlandischen 
Geaellschaft,  Einundvierzigster  Band,  1.  Heft,  pp.  30-140. 

4725.  1887.  Erebs,  W.— Saharaboden  und  Saharameere.  Aus  alien  Welt- 
theilen,  J.  18,  S.  77-80. 

4726.  1887.  Madieod,  I. — De  Plontengroei  in  de  Sahara.  Nederl.  Museum, 
J.  IIL,  bl.  173-193. 

4727.  1887.  Benoiet,  G. — De  I'instruction  et  de  I'dducation  des  indigenes  dans 
la  province  de  Constantino,  avec  carte.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  viii.  and  148. 

4728.  1887.  Iieroy-Beanlieu,  PanL— L'Alg^rie  et  la  Tunisie.  Paris:  8vo, 
pp.  472. 

This  eminent  economist  shows  the  strength  and  weakness  of  the  various 
systems  that  have  been  attempted,  and  the  necessity  for  solving  the  question 
of  how  to  treat  the  natives. 

4728.  1887.  Iieroy,  A.  Ii. — ^L'Alg^rie  et  la  Tunisie  agricoles ;  Etudes  pratiques 
concemant  le  sol,  le  climat,  les  cultures  diverses,  la  viticulture,  lliorticulture,  etc., 
de  ces  deux  colonies,  avec  des  notions  praises  pour  les  6migrants.  Paris :  18mo, 
pp.235. 

4780.  1887.    BoUand,  G. — La  colonisation  fran^aise  au  Sahara.    Bev.  Scient., 
18th  June.— See  No.  4586. 

4781.  1887.    H6rlooiirt,  J. — Ce  que  I'Alg^rie  codte  i  la  France.    L  c,  25th  June. 

4782.  1887.    MUhaud,  G. — Les  ^coles  sup^rieures  d' Alger.    1.  c,  2nd  July. 
4788.    1887.    Boulangier,  B. — !l£tudes  sur  le  Sahara.    Tours :  8vo,  pp.  20. 
4784.    — -^—  Les  voies  sahariennes.    Bev.  Soc.  G^ogr.  de  Tours,  pp.  29-40. 


306 


l  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OK  ALGEKIA, 


4735.     IStiT.     Quyot,  Tves.— La   prapriulu  I'li  Tunisie  et  en  Algdrie  et  l^«t* 

TorreoB.    Bull.  Soo.  Ue  Giogt.  Comwi.  Paris,  t.  viii.  pp.  865-873. 
47Se.    1887.    Meynera  d-Eatror,  le  Dr.  Cte.— Algirie.     Rev.  Colon.  Intern., 

t,  iv.  pp.  139  et  trq. 
4787.    18BT.    Feteroen,  Th.— Der  Pic  des  CMres  Im  grossen  algeriwhen  Alb." 

und  ein  Blick  aiil  din  Saiiara.    Mitth.  d.  D.  uud  OeBterr.  AlpenTereioes,  No.  G. 
4738.    1887.    BoneUi,  Em.— ViageB  al  interior  del  Sahara.    Boi.  Soc  G«og(. 

Madrid,  t.  ixi.  pp.  321-339. 
4738.    1887.    Field,  Henry  M.— In  Grand  Kabylia.    Scribner's  Mag.,  NovemU'r. 

The  writer  never  went  off  the  benlen  paths  in  Algeria,  and  evidently  eonftnunis 

Kabyle  women  with  the  Oulad  Nail. 

4740.  1887.  Vivares,  Mario.— L'Hal fa.  Etude  industriclle  ct  botanjqne. 
Alger ;  4to,  pp.  137,  2  plates.  This  work  obtained  the  prize  offered  by  tlie 
GDverooc-General  of  Algi^ria,  under  date  22nd  Jan.,  188S. 

4741.  ]S87.  Certeui,  A,,  and  E  Henry  Camoy.— L'AIgfirie  Traditionceli.. 
L^endes,  oontes,  chansons,  mnEiq^ue,  neurE,  coiitumes,  fStes,  croyaoces,  mpei- 
stitiona,  &c.    Vol.  i. 

4742.  18H7.  OouvBrnenieiit  Odndral  da  l'AJg6rie.— Service  du  Phjilowra. 
Lois,  d&rets,  .irret&i  et  Instructions  ajstit  [lour  objet  la  protection  da  vigniiblc 
algfirien  centre  le  phylloxera  et  Tattise.    Alger ;  8to,  pp.  80. 

4743.  1887.  Torman,  Iioule,  Gouvemeur  General. — Eipos^  de  la  ^tnation 
gfio^rale  de  TAIgdrie  prfsentfi  au  Conseil  G6uinl,     Alger ;  8to,  pp.  380  and  l.iii. 

Reviewtd  by  M.  Leroy-Beauliea  in  the  '  Jonrnal  des  D^bats,'  6th  Decemkr. 

4744.  1887.  Qiirch,  Dr.,  BresJau.— XJbcrWick  uber  dea  Geolc^schen  Ban  dis 
afrikanischen  Kontinents.     Peterra.  Mittheil.,  33.  Band,  ix.  p,  257,  with  maf. 

4746.  18B7.  Baylo,  Charlea.— Atlas  Colonial.  In  course  of  pablication.  TbJs^ 
will  contain  map*  of  all  the  French  colonies,  plans  of  their  principal  cltiw,  and 
articles  from  the  pens  of  rBcogniaed  authorities  regarding  them. 


(    897    ) 


INDEX  OP  SUBJECTS. 


N.B. — The  figures  in  this  Index  refer  to  the  Numbers  of  the  entries  in  the  Bibliography. 


Abdelal,  General^  4641 

Abd^l-Eader,  686,  712,  787,  794,  824, 
834^  835,  846,  848,  853,  877,  919,  927, 
974,  994^  995,  996,  1021,  1063,  1073, 
1091, 1138, 1139,  1312, 1352, 1353,  1354, 
1355,  1356,  1376,  1419, 1668, 1717, 1818, 
1913,  2476,  2577,  2592,2629,2637,  2796, 
2991,  3596,  4272,  4398 

Abd-en-Nour,  2907 

Abonl  Feda,  805 

Absinthisme,  2440 

AcclimaUsation,  1148,  1149,  1359,  2191, 
3105,  3394 

— of  plants,  2245 

Actes  Officiels  dn  Gonyemement,  571a,  5716 

Administration  of  Algiers,  622,  691,  1118, 
1156, 1390, 1457,  3043,  3060,  4247 

,  proposals    for,    521,    556, 
1244,  2947,  2950,  3119,  4052,  5055 

Adrar,  3895 

Adrentnres  of  a  French  soldier,  3188 

Africa,  10, 11, 12,  16, 19,  20,  21, 22,  23,  25, 
26,  31,  123, 125, 126,  129, 135,  151,  186, 
188,  226,  273,  288,  338,  714,  2707,  2727, 
4545,4644 

• ,  ancient  plants  o^  2919 

agricnltnre  of,  3019 


,  Central,  and  South  of  Algiers,  468, 

1110,  2241,  2242,  2308, 2547, 3341, 3460, 
3819,  3886 

-,  Christian,  1381,   1420,  1477,  2293, 


2600,  2632 

-,  discoveries  in,  324 


— — ^  evangelisation  of,  731 

,  French   domination    in,    492,    575, 

4400 

in  4th  century,  3189 

.,  North,  274,  351,  358,  651,  743, 788, 


917, 1019,  1072,  1843,  3061,  3062,  3618, 
3790,  3808,  4585 

-,  ancient  history  of,  1112, 1129, 


1158,  2450,  2837,  3345, 3697, 3712,4402, 
4487,  4663 

,  commerce    in    Middle  Ages, 


4508 


-— ,  English  interests  in,  4407 

\ ,  geography    of,  1764,    2838, 

4269,  4377a,  4611 

,  hUtory  of,  842,  1102,  1410, 


2680 


-,  Latin  races  in,  3720, 3750 
-,  races  of,  1061 
-,  religions  of,  4582 


Africa,    North,   Roman    establishment    in, 
3147,  3741 

,  , remains  in,  4406 

settlement  of,   294, 


299,  689 


-,  settlement  of  Arabs  id,  1598,. 
1902,  3358,  3363,  3957 

-^  sketches  of,  2890,  3661 
-,  Spanish  emigration  to,  2782 
occupation  of,  3459 


-,  Roman  expeditions  to,  264, 331 
African  Church,  170,  195,  315,  364,  1057, 
1059,  1383,  2004,  2024,  2729, 2918, 4507. 
See  Church 

sketches,  479,  553,  773 

Aghlabites,  1697,  3115 
Agricultural  enquiry,  3078,  3772 

schools,  2272,  4251,  4252 

Agriculture,  628,  1069,   1175,  1280,  1397, 
1538,  1558,  1750,  1862,  1935,2037,2050, 
2924,  2952,  2953,  3034,  3035,  3207,  3720, 
3727,  3729,  3756,  3757,  4426 
Ahaggar,  3592 
Ain-Beida,  2441,  2841,  3241 
Ain-el-Bey  (Constantine),  2377,  3740 
Ain-Kebira,  3700 
Ain-Meliia,  3714 
A'in-Saleh,  see  Insalah 
Aissaouas,  4668 
Ait-Farou9en,  2216 
Akbou,  2215,  3010,  4405,  4462 
Alfa,  3337,  3406,  3415,  4559,  4676 
Algeria,  514,  930c,  1315,  1316,  1415,  1430, 
3477,  3537,  3559,  3626,  3691,3723,  3732, 
3733,  3735,  3787,  3841,  3892,  3893, 3903, 
3904,  3908,  3934,  3935,  3976,  3989, 3992, 
3994,  3998,  4024,  4028,  4120,4121, 414^, 
4149,  4150,  4224,  4294,  4306,  4427, 4447, 
4458,  4478,  4480,  4484,  4486, 4569,  4577, 
4620,  4665,  4736,  4740 

,  aborigines  of,  4369 

,  ancient  and  modern,  3497, 3714, 4509 

, geography  of,  4408 

and  the  victims  of  the  war,  8108 

,  a  kingdom,  1597 

,  assimilation    of,   1026,  1221,  1394, 


3865,  3916,  4425 

: ,  commerce  of,  3511,  4622 

,  conquest  of,  4662 

,  constitution  of,  2957 

,  cost  of,  4731 

,  defence  of,  680,  859,  860a 

,  establishment  of  French  in,  588 


I  BEBLIOGRAl'Hl'  OF  AI.GEIllA. 


Alguiin.  siplftMlio; 
alO,  1412,3716, 

,  eilenial  reUtiom  of,  2178,  2365, 

2327a 

,  50th  nanivfniBTV  of,  2891,  2933 

— ,  fiDBntea  of,  467B 

— ,  French  in,  4035 

,  geogisphf  of,  371,  fl58,  2352,  2533, 

2534,  3279,  3397,  3398,  3399, 3545,  3593, 
:i635,  3730 

,  geometria  descriptioa  of,  3223 

,  in  13th  century,  3930 

,  in  17th  MOlury,  4205 

,  mannera  and  ciutonu,  1814,  1839 

,  mBrrlBEea  id,  4588.     See  Jews 

-,  miacellaneoui,  379,  468,  5(11,  504, 

021,  G47,  649,  650,  658,  659,  670.  673, 
708,  709,  720,  722,  730,  733,  735,  741, 
747,  750,  769,  77(1,  778,  784.  793,  815, 
816,  833,  636,  837,  839,  840,  843,  8S3, 
854,  859,  865,  867,  868,  872,  873,  874, 
875,  879,  1518,  1533,  1588,  1589,  1-590, 
1666, 1706,  1741,  1756,  1770,  1776, 1780, 
1805, 1854,  2552,  2554,  2555,  2556,  2615. 
2633,  2634,  2854,  2855,  2861, 2964,  2996, 
4005,  4519,  4728,  4729,  4736 

,  uatloDil  liiitury  of,  4526 

,  natives  of,  1597*  I&97B,  4 

,  New  (finwiiin),  1407 

,  pnrliunentary  regime,  3039 

,  physicBl  geography  of,  4337 

,  rnciM  of,  1093,  3057,  3082 

,  rsBourcM  of,  1716,  4571 

,  south  of,  1811 

,  iralitioos,  4741 

,  trnyeli  io,  63,  336,  383,  300,  5 

517,  593,  609,  644,  898,  900,  1179,  4367. 
4519,  43S4ii,  4654 

,  Tnrlu  In,  3327 

Algerwnarl,162S 

quesHoa  (qaeatiou   d'Alger),   622, 

709,  710,  800,  856,  B93u,  900,  909,  957, 
981,  983,  1037,  1^52,  1326,  1521b,  2858, 
2859,  3036,  3040,  3041,  3042,  3292,  3824, 
4046,  4242 
Algeiiani,  maonen  and  customa  of,  751, 
1488,  2538 


Aigir 


,  hUt. 


ique, 


jic,  984 


Algerine  types.  3488,  4; 
Algerlnea  demand  ■  >~TeDch   king  in   1572, 
2287 

,  depreitationi  of,  230 

Alglen,  andfnt  name  of  (Bartas),  2920 

,  appeal  in  faToor  of^  519 

,  srtiitic  notes  on,  3595 

,  at  a  winter  resiiteiice,  2603,  2 

2638,  2774,  2775,  2834,  3359,3361,  3719, 
3728,  3532,  3746.  4589 

,    at    the    time   of    the   Canfulate, 

3139 

,  battle  of,  we  Eimoulh 

,  Brilith  telaliuni  with,  3721,  3751, 

4353 

,  capture  of,  narrated  bjan  Algerinn, 

2507,  4715 

3053' 


08, 4678 


Algiers,  cathedral  of,  3909 

,  chroniclea  of,  915 

,  cicatioa  of  a  mariCiinc  city,  2781 

,  Dutch  eipeditiona  aeainsl,  230,  254, 

403 

1  embastdei  to  and  from,  177,  2197 

,  embelliihrnent  of;  4381 

,  English  eipeditioaa  ngaiuit,  TO,  85, 

128,   130,   137,  139,  150,  152,  157,  158, 

203,  260,  403,  2494,  2582,  2393 
-,  Kreneb  expedition  tn,  remltlng  in 

con<|ui»t,  386,  389,   390,  391,  392,  393, 

397,  398,  401,  402,  403,  406,  407.  407o. 

413,  416,  421,  424,  426,  459,  453,  454. 

453,  456,  460,  461,  4G2,  467,  480,  481. 

482,   487,  491,  199,  503,  503,  SOS,  510. 

511,   545,  546,  547,  548,  549,  650,  554. 

573,  598,  606,  690,  693,  810,  1365,  1840. 

2180,  2438,  2371,  2651,  3829,  3806,3807, 


786,8 

, taUtioos  with,  ill  lIUi  c«nt.. 

3859 

, rupture  with,  387,  388 

,  hlatorlcal  accoanli  at,  220,  235,131, 

235,  343,  357,  263,  374<t,  3T45,  374.^. 
415,  417,  419,  44S,  459,  463,  589.  593, 
772,  819,  852,  903,  918.  956,  982,  984. 
985, 1018,  1054,  1087,  1115,  11B7,  1174, 
1571,  1580,  1603,  1705,1708,  1767,2530, 
2633,  3035,  3887,  4296 

,  importance  hi  aat  of  war,  B338 

in  .ummer,  2460,  2492 

,  kings  of,  2954,  3981 

.  letter*  on  or  from,  5300,  S55a,  630, 

639,  688.  705,  709o,  1027,  1098,  1127, 
1250,  1254,  1371,1379,1431,  1433,  1534, 
2355,  2509,  3053, 3070,  3116,  3159,  321^ 
3425,  3920,  4438,  4470 

,    miscellaneous,    454a,    4546,    7396. 

T39c,  825,  880,  888,  896,  908,  91S,  913, 
920,  936,  93B,  945,  963,  96Sa.  973.  9TSi, 
980,  1003, 1005,  1022,  1024,  1038,  Vm. 
1043a,  1081,  1083,  108S,  1091,  IDMa, 
1113,  1114,  1157,  1158,1160,1169,  II83, 
1190,  1192,  1195,1202,1245,  1271,1300, 
1301,  1375,  1472,  2601.  3672.  2678;  araSt 
"7«6.  3874,  3068,  3123, 3200, 32«,  ""* 


4519.  4704,  4: 

,  necessit' 

!  old  Tie,; 

,  people  of;  4331 

,  physiology  of,  565 

,  political  coniideralions,  03 

,   project    for  a    French   i 


,  protest  against  transrorniatlDB  of 

Arab  town,  2367 
,  question  of  retaining  poeseaiion  of, 

413,  414,  457,  561,  592,  605,  616,  62S, 


M 

ditinn 


,  residence  in,  332,  375,  688,  907, 
,  3628,  3643,  2836,  3736,  3899,  ■-  ' 
,  levolution  in,  190 


1,  907,  I 

'.  4614 


INDEX  OF  SUBJECTS. 


899 


Algiers,  sermons  regarding,  94,  103 

,  sketches  of,  3955,  4370,  4410 

,  Spanish  domination  in,  4481 

,  expeditions    against,    232, 

275,  276,  278,  2121,  2581,  2650,  3623 

,  souvenirs  of,  3277,  4385,  4550 

-,  state  of,   at  rarious   periods,   241, 


256,  353,  631,  633,  687,  6896,  736,  739a, 
744,  746,  749,  838,  845,  981,  1047,  1169, 
1176,  1238,  1541, 1562, 1731,  2135, 2183, 
2613.  2642,2850,2851,  2921,3106,  3222, 
3493,  3494,  3594,  3693,  4029,  4303, 4650 
%  topography  and  description  of,  99, 


162,  165,  182,  212,  223,  240,  250,  293, 
408,  409,  410,  411,  420,  552,  590,  610, 
984,  1056,  1213,  1665,  1768,  4092 
under  Turkish  rule,  3430,  4672 


Allen,  Sir  T.,  150,  152,  155,  230 

Almoahides,  2915,  4724 

Almoravides,  2915 

Alsace  and  Lorraine,  natives  of,  3274,  3275, 
3300,  3385,  3475 

Altitudes,  1351,  3256 

Amamra,  2842 

Annales  Algdriennes,  638, 1700 

Anthropology,  1154,  2452,  2453,  2880, 2882, 
3393 

AnUquities,  234,  2379,  4145,  4155,  4404 

Antonine,  Itinerary  of,  238 

Apnleius,  1159,  1471,  2567,  3828 

Arab  civility  and  hospiUlity,  2926,  3191 

legends,  2889 

orphans,  3033 

society,  2936 

women,  2045,  2304,  2679,  4703 

Arabic  authors,  105,  141,  287,  289,  290ff, 
354,  361,  362,  464,  570,  651,  676,  805, 
855,  899,  915,  930,  937,  964,  987,  1133, 
1166,  1173,  1190,  1255,  1410, 1447, 1586, 
1598,  1599, 1600,  1672, 1673, 1697,1891, 
1946,  2026,  2089,  2292,  2295, 2840, 3018, 
3191,  3325,  3790,  3930, 4078,  4275,  4682 

Arabs,  agriculture  of,  1408 

. and  Kabyles,  3267 

,  assimilation  of,  2699,  3121,  4575 

f  civilisation    and    reform     of,   1314, 

1497,  1548,  2268, 2332,  2418,  2700,  3450, 
4335 

^  conquest  of  Algeria  by,  1606 

,  conversion  of,  1207 

,  disarmament  of,  921 

-,  government  of,   1313,  1346,  1429, 


1496,  1543,  1966,  3107 

,  history  of,  498,  3322 

-,  manners  and  easterns  of,  577,  1100, 


1274,  1347,  1348, 1498, 1548,  1556,  1675, 
1847,  2019,  2455,  3012,  3027,  3176, 3191, 
3562,  3568 

,  marriage  of,  2875 

,  military  resources  of,  1225 

,  mysteries  of,  2227 

,  naturalisation  of,  2265 

of  Algeria,  1010,  1681,  2424,  2550, 


2881,  3627 

of  Spain,  335,  1606 

—  of  the  desert,  319 
-,  origin  of,  4563 


Arabs,  public  anl  rural  economy  of,  337, 
1478 

,  sufferings  of,  2771 

Archaeological  excursion,  4037,  4038 

Archaeology,  1466,  1570,  1603,  1604^' 1646, 
1648,  1826,  2289,  3015,  3282,  3283,  3525 

Architecture,  1170 

Armenians,  proposal  to  introduce,  1810 

Army,  French,  380,  838a,  1226,  1991,  2686, 
3108,  3509 

— —  of  Africa,  Roman,  4350 

,  souvenirs  of,  3659 

Arsennaria,  1693 

Art,  French,  in  Algeria,  4073 

,  Kabyle,  4336 

,  Roman,  4336 

Artesian  wells,  1594,  1901,  1959,  1960, 
1971,  2335,  2364,  2688,  2689,  2783, 
2789,  3383,  3514,  3587,  3588,  3719, 
3770,  3885,  4638,  4713 

Assimilation,  see  Algeria 

Association  Fran^aise  pour  TAvancement 
des  Sciences,  3968,  3979,  3980,  4091, 
4092, 4094, 4095,  4096,  4097,  4098, 4099. 
4100,  4101, 4102,4103,  4104,  4105, 4106. 
4107,  4108,  4109,4110,  4111,  4112,  4113, 
4114, 4115, 4119,  4265,  4286,  4287 

Atlantic  races,  history  of,  727a 

Atlas,  Colonial,  4745 

Mountoins,  3175,  3951,  4044,  4201, 

4253,  4737 

Aucapitaine,  death  of,  2849 

Augustine,  St.,  184,  203,  934,  959,  1058, 
2788 

Aumale,  2033,  2666 

,  Due  d',  4327 

Aurte  MounUins,  1121,  1604,  1848,  1889, 
1920,  2067,  2316,  2981,3025,3468,  3480, 
3564,  3565,  3566, 3567,  3590,  3708,  3709, 
3768,  3813,  3914,  4466,  4510,  4552,  462? 

Australian  trees,  3208,  3764.  See  Euca- 
lyptus 

Autonomy,  3124 

Auzia,  2484 

Bains  de  la  Reine,  3050 

Bakeries,  1444 

Baltimore,  sack  of,  104,  259 

Banks,  see  Credit 

Barll,  2842 

Barbari,  dell' engine  de,  17 

Barbarossa,  84,  689,  822,  2112,  2969,  3285, 

3792,  4414,  4509 
Barbary  and  Christianity,  341 

,  condition  of,  310 

States,  314 

,  history   of,   104,  178,  205, 

229,  258,  263,  318,  368 

,  narrative  of  facts  regarding. 


272 


-,  peace  and  war  with,  281 
-,  picture  of,  323 


-,  travels  in,  247,  283,  297,  303,  332 
,  voyages  to,  18,  19,  148,  185,  189, 


228,  242,  279,  280 
Barometric  levels,  2535 
Barrage  of  Boudouaou,  2821 


VOL,  n. 


2  D 


lOS                                     A  BIBLIOGRAPUV  OF  ALGEHIA.                         ^P^^FV 

Coniulnr  ReporU,  Italian,  2%40.  23ZI0,  375u 

Dupneh,  Mgr.,  1109, 1200, 1837, 1638,  IBM,      ^ 

,  Swedish,  3718,  3861,  3S.17, 

3500,  27+0 

4020,  4137,  4311,  4319,  4436,  4C02 

,  United  Sutoi,  4147 

EABTaquAKES,  8797,  4669                              1 

Consnlats    general   of   France    nt    Algietj, 

Eaton,  William,  S98B                                      i^H 

nrchivn  i.f,  3446 

Eclipses  of  sun,  2314,  2798                             ^^H 

COMuls  St  Algiers,  2398,  20B0 

Edongh.  Djebel,  1819                                      ^^H 

Edrisi,  073                                                         ^^H 

4353 

El-Agliouat.  1052,  1744,  1747,  2598,  4att  J^M 

£lcphnnt«,  3768 

Coral  fiaherr,  2350,  3496,  3573,  3384,  3479 

El-Miulher,  3944 

Corinptu,  the  Johanoide,  641,  3914,  3632 

Emperor  Napoleon  lU.,  letters  of,  to  Dne  de 

Cork  forests,  S192,  3539,  3835 

Malakoff,  343B,  2503,  3504,  3505,  Z717; 

CorporatJDDi,  Tdigious,  3411 

9718                                                  ■ 

Coraoir,  shipwreck  of,  3344 

- — ~- , to  Marfahsl 

Contir*,  4670 

de  MiieUahon,  2027.  3260 

Cotton,  cailQre  of,  1503.  1035,  1688,  1758, 

,  policy  of,  1772, 3719. 

1759, 1760, 1701,  1855,  1883,  2077,  2373, 

2719 

S572 

—  visit.  Algiers  3218. 

Credit,  ami  banks.  1306,  1493.   1687,  203R, 

2219,  2617,  2618,  3019,  2630,  2831,  3691 

2039.  2079.  2385,  3332,  4053,  4677 

KntTcpdts,  2179 

,                        ColtDie  ot  Algeria,  4056 

^rloD,  Comte  d',  438S 

Cnltnres  to  be  enooarBged.  494,  495 

Etat  actuel  de  I'AlgiJrie,  3S53,  M45,  SSIt, 

Customi,  frontier.  1573 

3664,  3807,  3837,  3932,  4033,  4034,  4348 

■ ,  tea,  2053,  2056 

Ethnography,  2653,  3657,  3743,  3773,  ^^6^ 

3114,4544 

DinBA,  doMription  of,  3220,4143 

,  insnrrection  of,  1171 

Ethnology,  3545 

,  ii»issi.cre  of.  1135 

DBmrtmnnt,  Geoonl.  757c,  4648 

tlimonth.  Lord,  battle  of  Algieia.  309,  316. 

I>ate»,  enltivntion  of,  4009,  4010,  4«73 

330,  334,  372,  373,  374,  1928, 1848,  2792. 

Deoitnr,  Commodore,  339 

3500,  3731 

, ,  life  of.  599 

Defence  of  Algeria,  OHO,  959 

Eipedilions,  system  nf,  643 

IMfenM  DHtioOHle,  gaTerament  of,  3447 

Dollys  1948.  1988,  3013,  309u 

1045, 1131,  1133,  :188,  1170,  1270, 1369, 

1465,  1466,  1552,  1586.  1857 

BepartmentBl  Committees,  1340,  1341 

Eiprl*,  1323 

Deportation,  4341 

Eipoe«   de   la   titnntion,    3455,  3456,  3536, 

Pwert,  4036,  4405 

3665,  3700,  3701,  4033,  4439,  4521. 47*8 

. ,  Arab  lir«  in,  S557.  3380 

,  aod  iu  episodes,  3377 

Fraoco-Espngnole,  3540 

,  treiels  in.  653.  1980.     See  Sahara 

locile,  1905,  2063,  2356,  3538, 

Dey  for  ■  day,  3097,  4051 

3580,  3581 

Dejs  and  Pachas  of  Algiers,  444a,  445,3234, 

,  London,  1532,  3354,  2355.  a«4 

3328,  4051,  4415 

.  Paris,  2779,  3780.  3772.  8773, 

Dietionarj,  geographical,  2184 

Mplomatic  correspondence  regarding  capture 

3774,  3776,  3778 

Pdm.an*nt*     177*1     '^URA     'i9V\ 

*" rermnneDie,  xiiOj  jvo^j  Ja^w 

ofAli,lor^43S 

,  Vienna,  3291,  3302,  3418 

Ksforcsting,  1361, 1395,  3955 

Kstances,  tables  of,  1529,  177B 

Djebel  bou  Kahil,  2403 

Falcons,  1813 

Khar,  4451 

Famine,  3827,  3961 

Thaja,  3059 

Djedars  (of  Frenda),  2073,  4141 

Fcrmei  du  Petit  Atlas,  923,  930 

Djedjeli,  144,  146,  57S,  2335,  2816,  3090 

Fetiarn,  Loke,  3574,  4104 

,    Dno    de    Benoforfs    ejpedition 

Fendal  system  proposed,  811,  881 

against,  3336 

Figuig,  3554,  4006,  4140.  4390 

,  history  .>f,  3009 

Fish,  1465,  3001,  3436,  3705,  3058,  3101 

Djelfn,  1832,  4335 

Fisheries,  1211,  4528 

Oolneaa,  Captain,  trial  of.  1949 

Flatterx,  Colonel,  oipedilion  and  muMor*  of. 

Domain    lan.U,    1376,    1299,    1485,    2260, 

3970,  3971,  3973,  3978,  8974, 3975.3977. 

4S56,  4619,  4700 

3978,  4134,  4135,  4136,  4137, 4201.  4393, 

Domestic  animal*,  1307 

4331,  4322,  4456,  4505 

Doria.  4609.  4671 

Drainage.  1637 

3715,  3870,  4487,  4498 

DroBght,  3699 

Folklore,  4360 

INDEX  OF  SUBJECTS. 


401 


'Church  in  Algeria,  1150.  1220,  1661,  1734, 
2275,  2276,  2277,  2279,  2280,  2339,2414. 
See  African  Church 
'<^Til  institutions,  1491.     See  Goyemment 
Clauzel,  Marshal,  476, 718, 718a,  7186,  719, 

4388,  4646 
•Climate,  682,  1513,  1846, 1978,  1979,  2185, 
2282,  2623,  2984, 3510,  3746, 3831,  3874, 
4098,  4457 
■  Coal,  1948,  1988 
Cochineal,   culture    of,    585,     1004,    1362, 

1502 
Coins,  Arab,  292,  734,   1020.     See  Numis- 
matics 
-  Coleah,  expedition  against,  483a 
CoUo,  217,  3696,  4460 

,  expedition  of  Peter  III.  to,  3240 

Colonial  expansion  of  France,  4560 
Colonies,    agricultural,    1360,    1417,    1421, 
1445,  1446,  1453,  1473,  1512 

,   departmental,  1340,   1341,    1440, 

1683,  1691,  1809 

.,  French,  1152,  2602,  4473,  4595, 


4637,  4659 

Colonisation,  363,  414a,  418,  450,  451,  470, 
472,  473,  478,  485,  486,  490,  507,  508, 
5096,  513,  544,  559,  560,  564,  571,  578, 
591,  603,  604,  626,  627,  634,  637,  640, 
-658,  675,  679,  681,  707,  710,  713,  715, 
812,  813,  828,  861,  862,  923,  924,  963, 
986,  999,  1000,  1055,  1084,  1094,  1095, 
1096,  1097,  1181,  1185,  1186,  1187, 
1188,  1189,  1210a,  1216,  1222,  1227, 
1230,  1231,  1236,  1249,  1250,  1266, 
1267,  1286,  1297,  1322,  1326,  1330, 
1331,  1334,  1349,  1359,  1385,  1403, 
1427,  1436,  1438,  1439,  1441,  1549, 
1565,  1612,  1613,  1614,  1627,  1634, 
1636,  1726,  1730,  1748,  1798,  1801, 
1817,  1844,  1845,  1859.  2159,  2180, 
2225,  2270,  2384,  3028,  3126,  3127, 
3130,  3273,  3638,  3673,  3674,  3684, 
3879,  3934,  3936,  4108,  4146,  4222, 
4364,  4411,  4661 
■  amongst  modern  people,  4562 

. by  "  Asiles  Agricoles,"  1694 

-^— -^—  by  association,  778a,  7786, 
1338,  1339,  1342 

by  exemption  from  military 


service,  2225 

by  foundation  of  cities,  2310 

by  Kabyles,  1521 

by  "M^teyage,"  1402 

by  militia,  2040 

by   orphans,    foundlings,   and 


paupers,  1193,  1253,  1401,  1418,  1499, 

1678,  2267,  4316,  4534 

by  railways,  4639 

,  Commission  of,  3103,  3169 
-,  military,  471,  677,  781,  858, 


863,  864,  930a,  946,  951, 979,  1126,  1251, 
1281, 1285,  1298, 1632,  1633, 2269, 2569, 
rV496 

,  negro,  1237,  1973 

,  official,  4237,  4238 

,  penal,  677,  1068,  1253 

-,  progressive,  847,  1140 


Colonisation,  religious,  778c,  1209,  1950 

f  restricted,  575,  866,  2698 

,  review   of   various  proposals, 

626a,  1286,  1287,  1288,  1297,  2873 
-,  scientific,  4360 


Colonists,  petitions  and  grievances  of,  537a, 

573,  611,  711,840,  886,  1291,  1316, 1425, 

2495,  2975,  3389 
Colonne  de  neige,  4397 
Commencement  of  conquest,  4388 
Commerce,  474,  583a,  972,  1056, 1358, 1437, 

1531,  1563,  1977,  2194,  2442,  2443 

^  Chamber  of,  3759,  3910 

,  foreign,  1509 
of  the  ancients,  1086,  1584.     See 

Africa,  North 
'  of  the  Mediterranean,  298 

■ ,  origin  of,  268 

— •  prior  to  conquest,  2311 

with  Sahara  and  Central  Africa, 


1041,  1510,  1583, 1906,  2058,  3640,  3719, 

3749,  4454 
Commercial  relations  with  Italy,  1017, 1089 
statistics,  587,  3539,  3540.     See 

also  Consular  Reports 
Commission  d'Alger,  557,  566,  567,  568,  569, 

579,  580,  581,  582,  583,  597 
Communes,  Arab,  2501 

,  finances  of,  4645 

,  laws  of,  2683 

Concessions,  1366,  1547,  4380,  4556 

Confraternities,  see  Khouan 

Conseil  Sup^rieur,  4699 

Constantine,   721,   728,    729,    757a,    1173, 

1203,  1475,  1652,  1892,  2475,  2595,  2614, 

2721,  2941,  3205,  3356,  3530,  3726, 3940 

y  bridge  of,  2903 

— ,    capture    of,    by    the    Arabs- 


1294 


3242 


-,  corporations    before  conquest, 


-,  delimitation  of,  2865 

'J  French  expeditions  against,  663, 


693,  694,  695,  699,  700,  701,  702,  703, 
704,  719,  723,  752,  754,  755,  756,  757, 
7576,  758,  759,  760,  761,  766,  767,  768. 
788,  826,  869,  1755,  3022,  3024,  3168. 
4647 

— ,  historical  notes  regarding,  2938, 


3791 


2908 


-,  Eoudiat-Ati,  4698 

-,  museum  of,  3675,  4040 

-,  palace  of,  2805,  2633 

->    religious     establishments     of, 


-,  under  the  Turks,  1829,  2034, 
2737,  2809,  3105,  3431,  3681,3864,  3865 
Consulaire,  cannon,  3317 
.  Consular  Reports,  Belgian,  3026,  3165, 
3197,  3313,  3405,  3406,  3407,  3482,  3671, 
3839,  3929,  4264,  4355,  4356,  4357,  4358, 
4434, 4435 

,  British,  1769,2628,  2695, 

2866,  2976,  3163,  3164,  3196,  3314,  3404. 
3480,  3481,  3542,  3543,  3544,  3669,  3670^ 
3752,  3753,  3754,  3838,  3933,  4035, 4353, 
4354,  4432,  4522,  4523,  4524,  4525 

2   D   2 


iOi 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERLV. 


Consular  Boporta,  Italinn,  2349,  HCM,  3755 
,  Swedish,  3718,  3861,  38.17, 

4026,  4137,  4311,  4319,  443G,  4002 

,  United  SUtee,  4147 

Cansalnte    gcntcal    of    Krnnce    at    AlginJ, 

nrchivH  of,  2446 
CouuU  nt  Aigicii,  2398,  2660 
,   finl   a|ipoinlineQt   of,  268,   96iJo, 

4332 

,  French,  Rnt  nppnintnient  of,  32-28 

Coral  fiaherT,  2330,  2490,  2573,  3384,  34T9 

Corippiu,  the  JohuiiidF,  641.  2dI4,  3623 

Corli  funsW,  2182,  33311,  3835 

Corpumtioiu,  rgligjoui,  3411 

Coitnir,  ahipwreck  of,  3344 

Cnruiri,  4670 

Cotton,  cahura  of,  1503,  1635,  1688,  1758, 

1759,  1760,  1761,  1855, 1883,  2077,  2373, 

2572 
Credit,  Bod  baalct,  1306,  1492.  1687,  2038, 

2039,  2079,  3385,  3332,  405:1,  4677 
ColtiiTO  of  Algeria,  4656 
Coltures  to  be  eDoaura^ed,  494,  495 
Cmtom*,  frontier,  1572 
,  »ea,  2053,  2(156 

Dahba,  description  of,  3320,4142 

,  insorrection  of,  1171 

,  matanorB  of,  11S5 

Damrimont,  Geaeml,  757(:,  4648 
Date*,  caltiTHtion  of,  4009,  4010,  4673 
Decatnr,  Commndorr.  339 
DecentntlisnliDD,  I9G7.  4011,  4012,  4342 
Defence  of  Algeria,  680,  859 
DtfenM  BotioDale,  govemmont  of,  3447 
Dellji,  1948,  1988,  2012,  3090 
Demographv,  aee  PopulntioD 
Deputmental  Coromittcei,  1340,  1341 
DepoTtalion.  4341 
Desert,  4036,  4465 

. ,  Amb  Ufa  in,  2337,  3380 

,  *nd  its  episodes,  3377 

,  trarels  in,  652,  1980.    tiee  Sahara 

Dey  for  a  day,  3097,  405! 

Deyt  and  Pnchaa  of  Algiers  444a,  445,3224, 

3328,  4031,  4413 
Dictionary,  geographical,  2184 
DipIoDiBtic  comnpondenFc  rpgnrding  capttire 

of  Allien,  423 
Diiforeiting,  1361,  1365,  2955 
Distances,  tablei  of,  1526, 1779 
Dj'ebel  hou  Kahil,  2403 

Khar,  4451 

Thaya,  3056 

Djedara  (of  Frenda),  2673, 4141 
Dje^jeli,  144,  146,  G76,  2325,  2816,  3090 
—  —  ■  ,    Duo    de    Beaufort's    expedition 

against,  3326 

,  hi«lory  of,  3009 

I)jelf3,  1822,  4395 

Doineau,  Captain,  trial  of,  1949 

Domain    lands,    1276,    1299,    USD,    2260, 

4556,  4619,  4700 
Domeatic  animals,  1307 
Dorii,  4S09,  4671 
Drainage,  1637 
Dtonght,  3689 


4 


EARTRQC1KE8,  3TB7.  4669 

Eaton,  WiUian,  3988 
Eclipsesofiuii,  2214,  2798 
Edongh,  pjebel,  181!i 
Edriii,  676 

El-Aghount,  1053,  1744,  174'; 
I'^icphiiats,  2768 
El-Uadhcr,  2944 
Emperor  Napoleon  lU.,  letters  of,  to  Due  dc 
M:dakoir,  2498,  2503,  2504,  2505,  2717, 

2718  -nr 

, to  Maridial 

de  MncMahou,  2627,  3360 
,  pdioy  of,  1772, 37 1^ 

2719 
viiiU  Alters.  8318, 

2319,  2617,  2618,  3019,  2620,  2621,  2691 
Entrepots,  2179 
ErloD,  Comte  d',  4388 
£tat  actnel  de  I'Algirie,  2353.  2445,  S51T, 

3664,  3807,  3837,  3932,  4033,  4034,  4248 
Ethnograph)',  2653,  2657,  2742,  3773,  2960, 

3114,  4544 

,  at  time  of  Mohammad,  2492 

EfhnologT,  2545 

Eucalyptus.  339S,  3487,  3070.  3754,  3787 

ICimouth,  Lord,  battle  of  Algiara,  309,  316, 

330.  334,  372,  373.  374,  1828. 184S.  3JK, 

3500,  3731 

, ,  life  of.  399 

Eipeditions,  system  nf,  643 
EiploTatioD  Bcientifiqar,  795, 

1045.  list.  1133,  1166,  1170,  IITO^fl 

1465,  1466, 1552. 1586,  1657 
Eiportu,  1323 
Kipoti  de   la  sitQBtloD,   3455,  3456,  333e, 

3665.  3760,  3761,  4033,  4429,  4521,4743 
Ei position,  AntwGn>i  4435 

Franco-Espngnole,  2540 

locale,  1965,  2063,  23S6,  SSJ8. 

3580,  35S1 

,  London,  1532,  2354,  2353,  3441 

,  Paris,  2779,  2780,  3772,  31 

3774,  3776,  8778 

Permanenle.  1773,  20$4,  H 

,  Vienna,  3391,  3302,  3418 

Eipropriation,  2226 

FiLOOSS,  1813 
Famioe,  2837,  2961 

,  means  of  preToDting,  2836 

Fermesdn  Petit  Atlas,  933,  939 

Fetiara,  Lake,  3574,  4104 

Feadal  system  proposed,  811,  SSI 

Figaig,  3554,  4006,  4140,  4390 

Fiih,  1465,  2001,  2426,  3705,  30SS,  SIOS 

Fisheries,  1311,4533  * 

Flatters,  Colonel,  oipedit ion  and  nus>acr««£ 

3970.  3971,  3972,  3973,  3974, 3975,3977, 

3978,  4134,  4133,  4136,  4127,4301,4363, 

4331,  4332,  4456,  4305 
Flint  instrnmenta,  2973,  3l 

3715,3870,4407,4498 
Folklara,  4366 


INDEX  OF  SUBJECTS. 


403 


Foreign  legion,  975,  1519 
Foreigners  in  Algeria,  4503 

,  status  of,  2948,  3472 

Forests,  1870,  2709,  2710,  2711,  2747,  2748, 

2749,  2750,  2751,  2910, 3578,  3773,  3915, 

4379,  4495 

,  boming  of,  3004,  3416,  3766 

,  planting  of,  4430,  4431 

Fort  National,  siege  of,  3213 
Fouwara  (volcano),  4496 
French  at  Algiers,  317 

domination  in  Algeria,  857,  1303 

in  Africa,  4612,  4630,  4679,  4719 

politics,  3072 

preponderance  in  Mediterranean,  1205 

Frenchmen,  the  principal,  who  have  resided 

in  Algiers,  3235 
Frontiers    of   Algeria  (west),   2211,   2812, 

4000,  4057,  4344,  4490,  4491,  4499, 4537, 

4540,  4696,  4697 

Galleys,  4336 

Geographical  discoveries,  Arab,  2341 

Geography,  Libyan,  4539 
■  universal,  4485 

Geology  and  paleontology,  454c,  1369,  2430, 
2471,  2871,  2884,  2886,  2893,  3u79,  3174, 
3224,  3225,  3414,  3416,  3703,  3739,  3799, 
3833,  3862,  3863,  3917,  4022, 4043,  4044, 
4086,  4094,  4259, 4330, 4387a,  4543, 4744 

Geronimo,  see  Jeronimo 

Ghadames,  1895,  2360,  2755,  2759,  3513, 
3516,  3517,  3518,  3520,  3555,  3556,  3557, 
3803  4002 

Ghandaia,  3162.     See  Beni  M'Zab 

Ghania,  Ben,  family  of,  3113,  3950 

Ghar  Rouban,  1740 

Ghent,  Admiral  van,  149 

Ghorfit  oulad  Selama,  4467 

Gipaies,  3395,  4103 

Glacier,  3360 

Golea,  3616,  3846,  3897 

Gonraya,  2306,  3546 

Goremment  of  Algeria,  563, 600, 1422, 1469, 
1482,  1495,  1549, 1663,  1976,2086,  2135, 
2135a,  21356 

^,  civil,  863,  864,880a, 

1247,  1257,  1258,  1266,  1291, 1392, 1393, 
2329,  2674,  3104,  3973,  4014,  4032 

-,  militory,  878,  880c, 


946,  947,  1298,  2675,  2684,  2860,  2951, 

3073,  3122,  4014,  4505 
Chreek  war  of  independence,  1831 
Gnechtoula,  2297 

Gnelma,  814a,  1611,  2791,  3471,  3527 
Gnrney,  voyage  of,  36 

Haixtab  Ouagef,  1568 
Hammam,  Bou  Hadjar,  3810 

,  El-  (Oran),  1692 

,  Melouan,  2543,  3809 

. ,  Meskoutin,  1611,  2043,  2992 

,  n'Bails,  3868 

-,  Righa,  2586,  2690,  2738,  3643, 


3983,  4244,  4245,  4512 

Handbooks  and  Guides,  632, 646, 1290,  1775, 

2075,  2565,  2784,  2785,  3403,  4025,4634 


Hannencha,  3929 
Uanno,  265,  4208 
Harbour  of  Algiers,  929,  953,   1146,  1578, 

1751,  1882,  1964,  2466 

,  inner,  2972,  2998 

Harbours  of  Algeria,  1309,  149;J,  2033 

Hareborne,  Mr.,  38,  41,  42,  43,  45 

Harrach,  2906,  3872 

Haukel,  Ibn,  937 

Hennaia,  1740 

Herodotus,  282,  369,  2767 

High    plateaux,    1933,    2010,    2206,    2299, 

2300,  2302,  2884,  3437,  3688,  3947,  4036 
Hippone,  782,  2732 
Hodna,  2630,  2867,  3558 
Holy  war,  732 
Honal,  4345 
Horsemen,  Arab,  1724 
Horses,  584,  1038,  1069,  1520,  1641,  1742, 

1743,  1874,  3380 
HospiUl,  civil,  2923 
Hospitaliers  de  St.  .lean,  329 
Hospitals  before  conquest,  194,  2579 
Hydrography,  493,  505,  580,  586,  716,  911, 

949,  1585,  3281,  3478,  3817,  3969,  4105, 

4312,  4595 

of  Sahara,  4586 

•Hydraulic  lime,  2425 

works,  2469,  2561.     See  Barrage 

Hygiene,  1528, 1535, 1538, 1560, 1685,  2101, 

2142,  2248,  2405,  2468,  3571,  4448.     See 

Sanitation 

Idadites,  3748 

Icosium,  1144,  4683 

Idicra,  2126 

Imessebelen,  3435 

Immigration,  1989 

Import  duties,  1155 

Imprisonment,  2132,  2273 

Inland  sea  and  Chotts,  3008,  3368,  3369, 
3370,  3371,  3372,  3373,  3374,  3440,  3441, 
3442,  3443,  3444,  3445,  3600,  3601,  3602, 
3603,  3604,  3605,  3606,  3607,  3608,  3609, 
3610,  3611,  3612,  3649,  3650, 3651,  3652, 
3653,  3654,  3655,  3656,  3732, 3733,  3762, 
3763,  3883,  3884,  3949,  3952,  3953,  3961, 
4082,  4083,  4084, 4307, 4308, 4309,  4471, 
4472,  4524,  4525,  4592,  4593,  4594,4661 

Insalah,  2753,  3376,  3464,  4203,  4469,  4579 

Inscriptions,  Arabic,  1277,  1915,  20iJ6,  2029 

, — ,  in  Museum,  3231 

,  Latin,  727,  777,  1384,  1413, 

1523,  1524,  1525,  1526,  1649,  1650, 1701, 
1713,  1782,  1911,  1924,  1925,  1955,  2171, 
2209,  2256,  2314,  2315,  2316,  2474,  2654, 
2941,  3088,  3355,  3356,  3357,  3534,  3535, 
3956,  3962,  4229,  4282,  4285,  4401 

-,  Lybian,  2829, 2830,  2831,  2832, 


2917,  2940,  3045,  3046,3177,  3178,  3179, 
3386,  3471,  3527,3528,3529,  3717,  3744, 
3866 

-,  Numidian,  1164,  2003,  2258, 


2312,  2678,  2726,  3180,  3192 

,  Phoenician,  725,  1164 

,  Punic,  356,  1164,  3867 

,  Saharan,  4152,  42£5 


I  BIBUOGH-VniY  OK  ALGEUIA. 


liuiimctiou   of  IS64,    3624,    3635,  432(1, 

S089 

rrf  1864-71,  3213,  4076 

at  I864-aO,  4383 

of  lar  1, 3363, 3264, 3288, 3297. 

33*0 
,  Qenersl    Oaliret'i  Ex- 


,  trlkl  of  gi'eat  chiefs, 

3257,  3258,  32S9.  See  Sonk  Ahrms 
Bordj  bon  Arrersdj 

lainrrectiaDs,  2570,  3093 

.ProyinceofConstantide,  1870- 

80,  4397 

S.  of  Oran,  438G 

Jnterpretera,  militBrj,  hintorxof,  3,153,  3682 


Islf,  bottle  of,  1105,  lioa,  1107,  3087 

Iner,  PI^d  of,  3706 

Itlnernriei,  395,  594,  642,  lOSli,  1711, 1739, 

1768,  1815, 1968,  2017,  2317,  2431,  2933, 

3402,  3923,  4561,  4013 
Itinernrf  of  Antanioe,  23S,  1377 


JardlD  d'Eaui,  3224,  3463,  3172,  3249 
Jeronimo,  cmt  of  body,  2588 

,  mattyrdom  of,  60,  3116 

.ri-<i>,  natnnKsiitiDn  of,  2283,  2478.  3095, 

S096,  3110,  3473,  4248 
of  Algiers,  175, 337,  882,  892a,  1128, 

1329,  2431,  2676,  2720,  2808,  3066,  3067, 

3083,  3118,  4384,  4482,  4!i74,  4636 

of  Tlemfcn,  3017 

undCT  Turkish  rule,  3211 

Jonrnali  of  olGcen,  486,  49S 

Jab>  11.,  844,  3388,  4333 

JarltpradBDce,    French,    160!),    1785,  371t, 

4357,  4617,  4633 

,  J«wi>b,  3977,  3311,  3313 

,  Mohiimmediin,733, 961, 1078, 

1540, 1588,  1659, 1748,  1948,  2195,  2B28, 

3020,  3111,3190,3784,4417,4418,4533a, 

4S33i 
Jury,  3194,  3367 
Jiutice,  943,  1953,  1954,  1995,  2061,  2fi76, 

3080,  3S75,  3873,  4361 

bcfbre  FrCDoh  conqnest,  3877 

,  Hohiininediin,  2233,  3S4S,  4532 

JiutiDJ*D,  WHrs  of,  123.    See  VsndBli 

KabvliA,  1210,  1372,  1373,  1274,  1304, 
1372,  1543,  1553, 1554, 1558, 1564, 1702, 
1725,  1890, 1905, 1908,  1909, 1910, 1912, 
1931,  2127,  3128,  3139,  3316,  2217,2382, 
2365,  2393,  3393,  256B,  2706,3031,  3100, 
3186,  3382,  3381,  3390,  3391,  3469,3569, 
3621,3725,3938,4110,4111,4119,4149, 
4253,  4198,  4^39,  463B,  4723,  4730 

■ ,  mloBisalion  by  inimijrntion,3217 


Kabylin  nod  Kiiliylei,  3692 

,  FrBDch  oi^soiBation  in,  3376 

,  legiiUlion  of,  3189,  2481 

under  the  Ronuiu,  1459, 1460,  t7ai. 

1905,  1962, 1981,2021.3035,8095,  2096,. 

2100,  3186,  2298,  2528,  2641 

under  ths  Turki,  3323 

Knbyle»,  625, 1075,  1169, 1376,  1521, 1643, 

2055,  2068,  3109,  3I]»,  2170,  3189,  S497. 

353S,  2606,  3881. 3898,  E928.  393*.  30«9, 

3314,  4037,  4117,  4131,  4329 

,  fonuHtion  of  idtiat  nmongM,  45]U 

Eahens,  2843,  4243 
KiJnfi  (Eart),  3647,  3010 

of  Bcai  HnniKd,  4541 

Kaaul^  4134 

Keppel,  Coniinodoro,  304,  971,  S613 

KendeiH  Palhn,  loin),  of,  3333 

Khiljonn,  Ibn,  354,  570,  899,  1355,  S766, 

4541 
Khnlfalii,  journey  to,  by  train.  4610 
Khnmlm,  1774,3868 
Khcachlm  35.33,  3678,  3781,  3813.4379 
Khouan,  1125,  3099,  3199, 2E)43, 3113. 3t£x. 

4085.  4333,  4834,  4707 
Ehoumir,  4O03,   404S,  409G,   4130,  i2V'.. 

4354,  4528,  462S,  4658 
Koc«ilii,  4243 
KoukoD,  1933,  4004 
KW  Hannoun,  151T 

La    CaIAB,    G(19ii,    745,    3310,   3471,  363::, 

4523 
Uchdar,  tamnlui  of,  1060 
LaUu  MHghnia,  1740,  3107 
Lnmheisa,    146T.   2007,  2222,   2724,   SS4.'.. 

3351,  3493,  4314,  4315,  4461 
Laogunge,  African,  3911,  3044,  4203 
,  Arabic,  395a,  894,  497,  87$.  817, 

818,  914,   965,   1043,  1113,   1134,   1197, 

1325,  1476,  1722, 1723, 1789, 1790,  INil. 

1859, 1945,  3069.  2070.  2148,  2251.  33m, 

3931,  2967,  3048,  3135,  8195,  3307.34WI'. 

4115,4655.4657,4658 
.  Berber,  877.  506,  516.  668,  854.'. 

855,914,  1033,  1031,   104S.  1916,  31»>. 

2473,  4049.  4368,  4468,  4483,  4S37 

,  Bitkari,  40;i1 

,  Kabyle,  1897,  1994,  3310,  4OT6, 

4656 

: ,  Lybiin.  1293 

,  HumidiaB,  2723 

,  PhiEiiiciau,  1293 

,  Tamachek,  2220 

,  Tonareg,  1B97,  3433 

Larbaa,  tribe  of.  4642 
Law,  Algerian,  3343,  3S15 

,  comnion,  2083 

,  criminal,  4080 

,  »ch«.l  of,  2196 

lan-t,  1034,  2741 

I.eei>lalioa,    Algerian,   S419,   3704,    438S, 

4419,  4531 

,  FmhoIi,  520, 1067 

,  Jswinh,  530 

.  11  aha  mm  Clio  n.  520,  10G2,  1452, 

1470,  3704 


INDEX  OF  SUBJECTS. 


405 


Legislation,  MozaUte,  4533 

Leo  Africanns,  83,  100,  210,  2013 

Levant  Company,  48,  216,  350 

Library  and  Museam,  Algiers,  2239 

LioQ-killer  (J.  Gerard),  1246 

Loan  by  State,  1332 

Locusts,  1574,  2714,  2763,  2764,  2961,  3689 

Lollins,  monnment  of,  2567 

Longevity,  776 

Lnlly,  Raymond,  887 

Mafrao,  782c,  4047 

31agi8tratnre,  Algerian,  1881,  2420,  2422 

Mansel,  Sir  Robert,  85 

Maouno,  4283,  4459 

Jdarbles,  Nomidian,  4523 

, ,  of  Filfila,  3775 

, ,  of    Kleber,   3832,  4035, 

4433 

of  Algeria,  1664 

of  Tlem9en  (onyx),  1710,  2682,  3299 

Marcouna,  3350 

Marguerite.  General,  4132,  4504 

Marengo,  Colonel,  1242 

3Iarine,  Algerine,  2933,  4240.     See  Signals 

,  in  Roman  times,  4313 

,  influence  of,  1358 

,  monograph  on,  3495 

Maritime  establishment,  1808 

Maronites,  2271 

Martyrs,  African,  214>  4443 

,  Spanish,  77 

Mascara,  608,  664,  2028,  2124,  4687 

,  expedition  to,  661 

^lascula,  2842 

Masonry,  Free,  2974 

Matifou,  1143,2113 

Mauritania,  annals  of,  987 

y  Casariensis,  4154,  4232,  4690 

,  governors  of,  4403 

,  Setifensis,  4289 

,  state  of,  at  Berber  revolt,  2662 

3Iazagran,  883a,  884,  992 

Mechersfa,  4135,  4393 

Medaganat,  4536 

Medaura,  2723 

Meiieat,  1744a,  1927 

,  expedition  against,  443,  458 

Medical  subjects,  365,  555,  601,  665,  682, 
683,  775,  801,  802,  829,  830,  831,  922, 
1012,  1032,  1130,  1147,  1161,  1177, 1178, 
1198,  1232,  1261,  1270,  1327,  1479,1480, 
1520,  1550,  1566, 1660,  1720,  1721, 1783, 
1803,  1808,  1934,  1985,  1986,  2101,2253, 
2330,  2408,  2604,  2877,  3049,  3076,3201, 
3202,  3269,  3584,  3702,  3829,  3921, 3922, 
4299,  4362 

Mediterranean,  1707,  4442 

,  commercial  ports  of,  4446 

,  excursions  in,  602,  611 

,  illustrated,  905 

-,  shores  and  islands  of,  821 


Mela,  Pomponius,  9 

Meigigh,  1122 

M^moires  de  la  Congregation  de  la  Mission, 

2546 
Mercantile  marine,  French,  4659 
Mers-el-Kebir,  2665,  2810,  3194 
Meteorology,  2236,  2544,  3896,  4080,  4099 

4199,  4553 
Methleli,  3591 
Metidja,  defence  of,  543,  890 
Migration  of  tribes,  1657 
Mila,  2844,  4037,  4038 
Miliana,  1830,  1857,  1919,  2589,  2590 

,  geological  map  of,  3224,  3303 

Military  jurisdiction,  1002,  3071 

life  in  Algeria,  1597c,  1622,  1622a, 

4520 
operations,  739,  791,  806,  839a,  870, 

891, 925, 933, 955, 1345, 1346, 1376, 1426. 

1468, 1483,  1542, 1733,  1947,  2694,  2835, 

2956,  2958,  3024,  3213, 3215,  3381,  3382, 

3616,  3888,  4079,  4138 

oppression,  1337 

professional    subjects,   667,   9126, 


Medraasen,  1917,  2((^,  3344,  3354 

Megalithic  monuments,   1568,   2472,  2563, 

2568,  2644,  2879,  2882,  2885,  2943, 2959, 

2960,  2994»  SOU,  3084,  3181,  3182, 3193, 

3284,  3677,  3713,  4101,  4114,  4266,  4280 


926,  954,  977,  1079a,  1096a,  1117,  3289, 

3335,  3585 
Militia,  1621,  2274,  3069 
Mineral   waters,   1876,   1877,   2105,   2190, 

2630,  3050,  3458 
Mineralogy,  1370,  1489,  1987,  3305,  3333 
Mines  and  mineral  wealth,  1215, 1259,  1260, 

1280,  1414,  1494,1501, 1522,  1582,  1714, 

1850,  2599, 2822,  2823,  2987,  3053,  3412, 

3413,  3583,  3586,  3589,  3768,  4555 
Ministry  of  Algeria,  1546,  2055,  2059, 2081, 

2320,  2321,  2342 
Missionaries,  African,  3003,  3271,  4723 

,  massacre  of,  4212,  4213 

Moahedin,  4660 

Mobiles  in  Algeria,  3246 

Mohammedanism,  1662 

Mohammedans,  disappearance  of,  1536,  1537 

,  dominion  of,  147 

Mokrani,  3436 

Molocath,  4374,  4394,  4488 

Mommsen,  3636 

Moors,  Africa  under  the,  270 

,  history  of,  276,  498 

,  the  barbarous,  3898 

Morsot,  2846 

Mortgage,  laws  of,  2200 

Mosques  of  Algiers,  2208,  3023 

Mostaganem,  992 

Mouzaia,  1501,  1735,  1879,  3052 

M'sila,  3085 

MSS.,  Arabic,  357,  1142,  4377,  4468 

,  Spanish,  2210 

Municipal  deliberations,  3065 

institutions,  1324,  1389 

Music,  Arab,  2469,  2739,  3826,  4573 
Muslobio,  2816 

Names,  Algerian,  meaning  of,  3860 

Naraggara,  4041 

Natives,  manners  and  customs  of,  3446 

,  types  of,  4211 

Naturalisation  of  foreigners,  4056,  4424 


V  BIBLIOGKAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 


N^flicT  du  Jiipan,  3793 
Mijrins,  3531,  3615 
HigTOM,  immigratian  of,  3143,  2743,  3744 
Nememehm  4122 
Nsmoun,  33T3.  4345,  46S8 
Motre  Dame  d'AfriqUc,  1993,  3412,  2413 
Narataroslio,  978,  1786,   1787,  2231,3575, 
3159,  4136,  4139,  4376,  48B3 

OBEiDrres,  3115 

Oculist!,  BDcicDt,  etampa  of,  34S6 

OffiiwB,  tTaDsmiiiiDn  of,  3422 

Oil,  1514 

Olivet,  onllivntiDn  of,  1749,  2348 

Oran,   980,   1423,    1990,   2856,  3758,  4221, 

4348,  4825 

,BeyBor,  1834,2861 

,  CDloDiutioa  of,  1235 

,  eipul^ion  of  Jons  from,  153 

,  French  in,  5B6,  645,  771,  780,  4601, 

4616 

,  iDtcriptioDi,  2B10,  3149 

,  profiatM  of,  1516.  1738,  2640.  3007, 

3757,  3909,  3997,  4475,  4625,  462S 

,  aouth  at,  3433,  4576,  4605, 4615, 4691 

.  SponUli   ID,  33,  99.  133,  332a,   233, 

235,  339,349, 2594. 266^,  2925, 4542. 4684 

ander  the  Turks,  930,  3426 

Orange,  eultivatioa  of.  3005 

Orlcaiu  Princca,  1115,  1163,  1194 

Orluuville,  13T3,  1476,  1849,  3419 

Orphan*,  1416,  1499,  3705 

Ortbonaph;  of  Arabic  wonk,  2876,  3484 

Ortricll  breeding,  1857(>,  1938,  19B7,  2371, 

2601,  3059,  3646,  3934,  4147 

feathen,  3407 

Ooargls,    3387,    3610.    3800,    3803,    3846, 

3943,  4123.  4202.  4301 
Oudjda,  4696 
Oaed  Abdi.  4230 

EDfa.  1718 

et^^abel,  3844 

OaebU,  4284 

Gulr,  3215,  3216,  3745,  3926,  4003 

Mahouine.  nmsiacre  of,  3063 

Reag.  1072 

Rir,  4129,  4373.  4606 

Onlad  Abd-en-Nonr,  3564 
— —  ben  Zomoum,  3504 

Daoud,  3813 

Nail.  1737,  2591,  3245 

Ouritefa.  1567 

Selama,  1S36 

Sidi  Cheikb,  1873,  2959,  3014,  399C, 

4392,  4326 
OauaiD,  Cherif  of,  4399 

P40imUTlo».  488 

Papua,  Moni,  4039 

PsriiaracDtary  arnTun,  4704.  4714 

Paaperinn,  1348,  1401,  1446 

Pavj,  Mgr.,  2701,  2777,  3068 

Pelinifr,  Moniiear,  2014 

PeBon,  2240 

Periodiial  liteiBlnre,   671,  808,  935,   1008, 


1082, 1153,  1324,  1305, 1443, 14«7, 1501 
1601,  1647,  1852,  2081,  2166,  24S1,  aer 

3132,  3206,  3796,  3840,  4133,  4423 
Peter  111.  of  AngOD,  3340 
PetitioM,  «CB  Cotunists 
P«utine»r'«  li.b1e«,  127,  2937.  4849 
Fbilippe«i]lc,  1596,  1651.  1653,  2S43, 

3006,  3357,  3501,  3552,  4250 
Pha^niciaiu,  916 
Phlhiiii,  682,  1853,  1937,  3306,  3336, 

3737 

PbylUxem,  4017,  4600,  4742 
PichoD,  M.,  489 
Pbi'i,  cultiralion  of,  1505 
Fintes,  Algerian,  93  r,  140,  149.  192.  330, 

30S,   312,   35B,  903,   1116,  1T15,  30S3; 

3133,  2S42,  3157 
Plague,  933 
Plutitatian.  2978,  2979 
Plants  at  JarJiu  d'EraaJ,  1506 

-,  TnriouJ,  «ulUv«tioo  ot,  1S08,  21M-. 

Poetry,  Ariibic,  1011,2125,  S596,  BSiS,'"'* 

--,  Kubjle,  2811.  4835,  4681 

and  drnmnB,  Kngllih,  173.  IW, 

334,  347.  441 

,  Fntach,  320,  34S.  54^, 

349,  355,  437,  438,  439,  430.  431,  43'J, 
433,  434,  435,  436,  43T.  438.  439,  440, 
445,  446.  447,  448,  512,  542,  S73,  6B4, 
696,  697,  762,  763,  764.  765,  766,  199, 
885,  897.  970,  1015,  1016.  1046,  1077, 
1136,  1141,  1151, 1191,  1323,  1263, 1303, 
1319,  1330,  1367, 1449, 1608,  1679. 1683. 
1719,  1777,  1804,1951,1962,  1984,2066, 
3131,  2134,  3313.  2334,  3335,  S32S,  S412, 
3634,  2625,  3424,  3494,  37»4,  4444,  UtI, 
4548.  4654 

,  Spani«h,  C3a,  158(1,  M 

2247  * 


34M^  \ 


'' "  tJ 

316.  I 


e,  442 


-,  Swedi'b.  3959 
ae,  2S25 


Politique  Algririen 

Polygamj,  2109 

Population,  736<],  7Ua.  1214, 

1698,  2693.  S3»6,  3663,  3663,3900.  S 

4249,  4338,  4383.  4387 
Poctci-de-fer,  eipedition  throngh,  T 
Partus  Magnus,  4347 
Preiident    of    Repablic,   clrctloD    of,    I 

1386.  1391 
Freu,  liberty  of.  3467 
Prisoners,   FreDch,  with  Abd-et-E>der,  897, 

902,  927,  991.   1218,   1310.   1605.   MPT, 

3031.     See  ImprisunmEnt,  Captives 
Prisons,  1044,  3093 
Priies,  Dutch,  149 

,  Eugliab,  51,  86,  87,  89, 149.  174,210 

,  Kreach,  68,  6fl,  69ci 

,  Italian,  57,  65,  8" 

made  by  AlgeiiDst,  2669,  3141 

,  Spanish,  75,  81,  lOT 

ProclamBtion  by  French  on  U: 

Proeanialnr  titles,  3741 

Property,    Arab,    1071,    1163,    2234,  3 

2400,  2407.  2493.3521,  3120,  3T3S,  3 
in  Algeria.  B49,  966,  967,  100^ 

1013,  1014,  1078,  1208,  1328, 123t*.1396, 


irfte 


7. 100^      n 

W.13M, 


INDEX  OF  SUBJECTS. 


407 


1539,  1576,  1609,  2085, 2506,  2520,  2522, 

3330,  3785,  4423, 4596,  4618, 4620, 4692, 

4693,  4702,  4735 
Property,  Imperial  Decree  regarding,  3663 
Prostitution,  1189 
Provisional  Goyemment  after  Conquest,  449, 

463 
Public  instruction,  2057,  2416,  3901,  4256, 

4277,  4421,  4597,  4598,  4709, 4710, 4727, 

4732 

works,  1802 

performed  by  the  Army,  111, 

1145,2193,4218,4219 
Punic  war,  first,  topography  of,  3676 

<2uACEBS,  219,  368 

Babies,  2740 

Rachgoun,  1515,  2905 

Railways,  1587,  1727,  1728,  1729,  1860, 
1861,  1877,-1944,  1961,  2046,  2047,  2048, 
2054,  2149,  2237,  2347,3342,  3400,  3547, 
3642,  3694,  3771,  3853,  3927,3939,4018, 
4019,  4020,  4455,  4458,  4494, 4701, 4712. 
See  Trans-Saharan 

Bamie,  culture  of,  4298 

Kandon,  Marechal,  3523 

Rassauta,  672,  783,  1451 

R'at,  2177 

Rattachements,  4012,  4014,  4075 

Razzias,  575 

Recnitement,  1454,  2204 

Reforms  in  Algeria,  4239 

,  judicial,  4578 

Reghaia,  1217,  1239,  1240 

Regiments,  histories  of,  901, 975, 1048, 1049, 
1091,  1519,  1799,  2203,  2716 

Religions  of  N.  Africa,  1051,  1081,  3272 

Religious  establishments,  Arab,  583.  See 
Khouan 

Relizane,  4295. 

Renegade,  conrersioo  of,  306 

Rents,  1487a 

RepubUc  of  1848,  3268 

Reserves,  4077 

Reynolds,  Sir  Joshua,  304,  971 

Rice,  cultivation  of,  1637 

Roman  administration,  823,  3741,  3742 

II  authorities,  56 

cities,  3283 

occupation     and     domination,    928, 

1335,  1530,  2010,  2490 

.^— —  provincial  assemblies,  4328 

era,  1293,  1827,  2381 

worship,  4328 


Romances  and  tales  regarding  Als:eria,  620, 
931,  1023,  2423,  2529,  2712,  2803,  3001, 
3154,  3155,  3476,  3489,  3802a,  3805, 
3825,  3914a,  4090,  4479,  4513,  4514, 
4515,  4516,  4517,  4549,  4651,  4653 

Romans,  wars  of,  1580,  2212 

Routes,  Arab,  1040,  1278 

Rovigo,  Due  de,  890,  4388 

Rubrs,  2110 

Ruins,  Roman,  2839 

Sahara,  1076, 1092, 1101, 1108, 1180, 1283, 
1343,  1426,  1458,  1486,  1631,  1670, 1699, 


1907,  2062,  2011,  2082,  2088,  2091,2156, 
2164,  2181,  2365,  2454,  2458,  2459, 2480, 
2526,  2527,  2608,  2630,  2636,  2639, 2757, 
2794,  2867,  2883,  2954,  3025,  3226,  3253, 
3265,  3301,  3349,  3375,  3378,  3379,  3452, 
3461,  3463,  3465,  3466,  3599,  3657,  3658, 
3801,  3802,  3804,  3805,  3822,  3912,  3913, 
3942,  3964,  4007,  4008,  4009,  4080,4081, 
4200,  4201,  4293,  4302,  4303,4304,4324, 
4346,  4412,  4437,  4502,  4529,  4530, 4580, 
4581,  4586,  4592,  4604, 4623,  4711,  4725, 
4726,  4730,  4733.  4734,  4738 
Sahara,  Central,  4116 

of  Oran,  1311,  1956,  1957,  1958, 

1972,  2730,  3212,  3786,  3789,  4610 

Saharans,  2591 

Sahel,  2092,  2956,  2957,  3499,  3786,  4643 

Sahraoui,  4290,  4291, 4386 

Saida,  3278,  3966,  3967,  4501 

Saint  Leu,  4347 

Saints  of  Algeria,  1936,  3639 

of  Islam,  3990 

bait,  rock,  2892,  2524 

Sanitation,    1399,    1400,    1448.      See  Hy- 

giene 
Schools,  Arab,  French,  1703 

, ,  of  arts  et  metiers,  1836 

Second  Empire,  history  of,  3266 

Semilasso,  674 

Senatus  consultum,  2406,  2499,  2500,  2503, 

2770 
Sdtif,  2436,  2576,  3085,  3353,  3533,  4285] 
Shipwrecks,  284,  385 
Sidi  Belabbes,  1739,  2790,  4072 

Brahim,  3799,  4489 

Hamdan,  polemic  regarding,  528,  545a, 

5455 

Okba,  4351 

Sigilmassa,  3644 

Signals  of  Algerine  fleet,  2872 

Signs,  2580,  2844,  2713,  4281 

Sila,  2844 

Silk  industry,  988,  1362,  1504,  1561,  1963 

Silos,  1620 

Slavery,  Christian,  131,  154,  164,  197,  311, 

312,  313,  1658,  1963a,  2585,  2971,  4365, 

4413 
— —  and  slave  trade,  abolition  of,  772 1, 

1110,  1221a,  3239 
Slaves,  outbreak  of,  271 
Smalas  of  Spahis,  1913 
Smith,  Sir  Sidney,  312,  313,  367 
Soci^td  G^aerale  Alg^rienne,  2797 
G^nevoise,  1624,   1677,   1752,  1753, 

1754,  1791,  1792,  1793,  1864,  2145,  2146, 

2513,    2775,    2899,    2999,    3166,    3199, 

3331 
Societies,  883,  1085,  1188,  1236, 1317, 1446, 

1490,  1688, 1690, 1821,  2401 
Solar  apparatus,  3850 
Soudan,  2359,  2457,  2541,  2883,4502,  4624. 

See  Sahara,  Desert 
Souf,  1344,  2549,  2635,  4695 
Souk  Ahras,  1825,  2016,  2318,  3101,  3471 

—  ,    commencement    of    insurrec- 
tion at,  3257 

Souma,  2380 


1                       408                                         A  BIBLIOGIUPHV  OF  ALGERIA.                     ^^H^^l 

1                        Soni  DJDDmb,  2114,  2S32 

2230.  2782,  3470,3573,3710,8818,4130:          1 

■                        GhoiUn,  3337 

4275,  4450,  4489 

■                        SpahiE,  3109 

Tlemfen  cai.lured  by  Alcnudete,  7. 8 

■                        ,  Turcoi  and  Goumien.  2539,  3156 

,  French  eipedilion   to,  BHO,  001a, 

■                           Spain  in  Alrica,  38T& 

662,  718 

■                        Sport,  163B,  1639,  16«,  1700,  1842,  I89S, 

,  Jowi  of,  3017 

■                                20870, 3175, 2233, 2461,  3553,  3635,  2795, 

,  tomb  of  Boabdil  at,  3577                              1 

■                                3889,  2985,  3153,  3387,  3388 

Tabncco.  496.  1080.  1241,  I50T.  1S15,  KIG. 

I                         Spmtt,  Rot.  D.,  3616 

2084,  2106,  2375,  2516,  3033 

r                            Sl«oueU,  1566,  2513,  3075 

Tombonn  de  UChrttieDne,18BS,  1866,  1867, 

Stiitistic,  301a,  1312,  3401 

1!117,  3731,  2733,  2736,  2«)4,  4112 

,  gmeni,  3663,  3S0G,  3836,  4428 

Tonnage  dues,  2201,  2336 

,                           Storn,  2051 

Topography,  365.     Sm  Geognphj 

StonuB,  3145 

Torren.  Act,  4433,  4409,  4918,  4785                       , 

Tonaregi,   1833,   1884,  2157,  24S«,  2525. 

SaetDniiu,  upeditiou  of,  331 

2699, 4001                                                                     ' 

Snfevar,  2844 

Touat,  2753,  3T55,  2756,  2758,  3759,  33M 

Sugsr-cnne,  oultlvation  o&  IGIT 

Touggourt.  1072,  1343,  1654,  1673.  .ISI."^ 

Suthul,  2002 

3828,  3858 

Toufctin.  4373 

TADtEin  DE  ti  Situation,  708,  800.  842, 

Tinriirt^  American,  4089 

9306, 1275,  1763,  2351,  3518,  2626,  2592, 

,  Dalch,  373H 

2863 

,  English,   088,   14G4,   3098.   n:ir,. 

its  CommBMB,  3457,  3582 

2441,  2.129,  2i-i37,  2603,  2696,  2697,  3774. 

TaJjcra,  2815 

2834.  2862,  2891.  2895, 3098,  3218,  3255,             1 

Tafilalet,  3644,  4393 

3278,  3297,  3298,  3299,  3467,  3*91,  3720,             1 

Tsfna,  739fr,  4648,  4649 

3991 

Tagdempt,  919 

,  French,  804,  851,  997,  1074,  lOW, 

Tigbit,  mines  of,  376B 

1103,  1167,  12S3, 1264,  1461, 1462, 1463, 

Timua  Mum  Cutm,  2T35 

15970,  1597A,  1629,  1630,   1686,   ITlOo. 

Tfloura,  2027 

lB36a,    2382,    2432.    2708,    2743.   2803, 

Tartu,  Gcsertil  dc,  3170 

2888,  3894,  3221,  3254,  3295,3363,  5S««, 

TaiatioD,  2049,  206J>,  3081 

3631,  3827,  3880.  3889.  3893.  3968, 40S1, 

TniM  on  Arabi,  582 

4059,  4144,  4209,  4340, 4387.  43S8. 4452, 

Tebe™,  12B5,  2173,  3173,  2314,  2427, 2U1, 

4476,  4493,  4551,  4568,4570, 4590,  4653, 

2563,  272.%  2847,  2929, 3013,  3347,  3348, 

4718,4721 

3432,  3679,  3880, 3896, 4042,  4087,  4288, 

. ,  German,  509o,  1185,  2B90,  .1230, 

4094 

3251,  4409 

Tc^ijini,  Ahmed  el-,  2286 

,  Italian,  1132 

Telamioe,  4451 

,  Swedish,  3890,  4506 

Telegrni.hr,  29S5 

TradillnD<<,Anib,1173 

Tel],  4113 

Traniporlatioa,  1610,  1676,  2203,  3030 

Temouehent  (Vfeit),  2120,  222],  2285,  4500 

Traui-Saharan   railway,  3505,  3506.    SSOT, 

Tiaif,  1474, 1838,  1849,  2009,  2569,  4143, 

3508,  3549,  3097,  3685,  3686,  8M7.3713. 

4708 

3714,  3743,  3744,  3842,  3843,  8845.  SM7, 

Terebinlh,  cnltiration  of,  1895 

3848,  3849,  3851.  3852,  3855,  3856,  a«8. 

3943,  3944,  3945.  3946,  3961.  4063,  4094. 

4065,  41I6G,  4067,  40S8,  4069,  4070. 4071. 

Textile  plant*,  2254,  2372 

4107,  4201,  4323,  4339,  4587,  468.-. 

Tbimgsd,  3564,  3707,  3708,  4314.  4401 

Trara-,  3548 

Thubprsicum,  3723.    See  Khamisii. 

Treasure  captured  at  Algien,  423,  61 1.  582. 

Thuya,  1863 

6u7,  1372a 

Tiatet,  4376 

TreatlH  betweea  Algarines   and    Clirltliaa 

■ndi  Kelt,  2758,  2759, 4535 

nation-,  2611 

Tlklat,  2020,  3848 

-,  Dutch,  813 

TiUt,  TreatT  of,  424 

,  English,  175,  183,  204,  215,  227. 

TtabnetoD,   370,  425,   1654,    2230,   3438, 

281,267,269,395.307,345 

8464.  3818 

,  FrEUL-h,  179,  193,  2485 

TIiui^  Mdlle,  8091 

Tribes,  goTemment  of,  1880 

Tipua  (EiutX  2723 

Tribunals,  1442. 1684,  3327,  2429 

(West),  1757,  3448,  4374 

Turks,  domination  of,  165,  867,  850,  2207 

Kpton,  firat  Consul  at  AlEicrs,  41,  43,  47, 

263 

Uhiforu,  French,  civil,  1204 

Titeri,  d«Wct  of,  1730,  2659 

United  Statei,  wan   and  dlplomacT  of,  S«V          , 

308,  339,  1575,  2197,  8229                        _^J 

Tlemwa,  210,  273,  660,  1196,  1670,  1571, 

1674. 1740, 1823,  1925.  2029, 2093,  2123, 

INDEX  OF  SUBJECTS. 


409^ 


Vandals,  52,  53,  657,  944, 1378, 1580.     See 

Justinian 
Veterinarx  sorgery,  3830,  3834 
Vicerojalty,  proposed,  1243 
VUlages,  creation  of,  1318, 1333, 1451, 1G18, 

1757,  3619 

,  defensiye,  4097 

Vincent  de  Paul,  St.,  360,  820,  827,  2546, 

3919 
Vines,    cultiyation    of,   2374,   3171,  3292, 

3293,  3294,  3753, 4017,  4253, 4358, 4554, 

4557,  4621,  4640 
Voirol,  General,  4388 
Volcanoes,  3797 

Water,  property  in,  2042 

snpply,   1387,  1388,    2117,    2922, 

2988,  3198,  3290,  3666,  4258 
Weights  and  measures,  381 
Weinbrenner,  Lieut.,  murder  of,  4290 
Workshops,  national,  1350,  1308 


XniENES,  Cardinal,  133,  249,  1109,  2294 
TOOSUF,  General,  686 

Zaatcha,  siege  of,  1544, 1545,  2479 

Zafarine  Islands,  1765,  4492 

Zaraa,  battle  of,  248,  1929 

Zeffoun,  2025 

Zenakras,  1053 

Zibans,  1076, 1544, 1593, 1594,  1797,  1857, 
2702  4391 

Zoology',  706,  724,  814,  1364,  1371,  1406, 
1433,  1434,  1435,  1465,  1642, 1643, 1794, 
1795,  1885,  1886,  1943, 1998, 1999,  2000, 
2001,  2155,  2182,  2388,  2434, 2514, 2574, 
2575,  2610,  2646,  2705,  2800,2801, 2980, 
3055,  3161,  3167,  3931,  4021,4023,4060, 
4061,  4226,  4227,  4228,4260, 4310, 4317,. 
4449,  4584,  4607,  4627 

Zootechnj,  3560 


410 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 


INDEX  OF  AUTHORS. 


■•*•- 


N.B. — ^The  figures  in  this  Index  refer  to  the  Numbers  of  the  entries  in  the  Bibliography. 


Abd-el-Ham&d  BEr,  1631 

Abd-er-Rahman  en  Noye'iri,  1598 

Abelus,  Mgr.,  827 

Abinal,  992 

Abou  '1  F^a,  Ismael,  805 

Abou  *1-Hassan,  987 

Abou  Obeid  el-Bekri,  1894,  2089 

Abul-PharajiuSy  G.,  141 

Accary,  Alphonse,  1320 

Accolti,  B.,  78 

Aclandy  J.,  719 

Adan,  E.,  3808 

Addison,  L.,  175 

Adolphe,  Dr.  F.  Victor,  1934,  2101 

Agndy,  Dr.,  1409,  2623,  2922 

■ ,  Lallemant  et  Darru,  2714 

Agry,  Charles,  2135a 

Agustini,  Andr^  2515 

Aim^  M.  G.,  1131 

Albig^,  1844 

Alby,  Ernest,  1310      . 

Alcaudete,  Count  of,  8 

Aldersey,  M.  Laurence,  47 

Alexis-Espanet,  Le  R.  F.,  1566 

Alix,  Dr.  C.  E.,  3049 

Allain,  R.,  4571 

Allard,  Gtodral,  2671 

— -,  Maurice,  418 

Allen,  Admiral  Sir  Thomas,  152 

Almeras,  Bossolaschi  d',  4551 

Almkvist,  H.,  4626 

Alphonse,  T.,  2310 

Altroff,  Coinze  d',  1266 

Alviella,  Comte  Goblet  d*,  3265 

Amat,  C,  4463 

,  L.,  4080 

Amati,  Abbate  Don  Giacinto,  1132 
Amaury,  A.,  963,  1248,  1401 
Amdcourt,  L.  M.  de  Pouton  d*,  943 
Anderson,  Adam,  268 
Andrd,  1616 
Andrieu,  3488 
Andry,  Dr.  F.,  2678 
Angle,  Pfere  Railaud  1',  1222 
Angot,  A.,  3652 
Anselin,  Jules  Rend,  1807 
Ansted,  Prof.  D.  T.,  3057 
Antoine,  J.,  4426 
Antoninus  Augustus,  238,  1377 
Aoust,  M.  Virlet  d*,  1122 
Apuloius,  Lucius,  340,  1471 
Arago,  Fran9oi8, 1904 
Aranda,  Emmanuel  d',  132 
Ardeuil,  Fumeron  d*,  853 


Ardouin,  4150 

Arias,  Luis  de,  2752 

Arlandes,  Th.  Vemes  d*,  3989 

Armand,  Dr.  A„  1721 

Armieux,  Dr.,  2527,  2730,  4152 

Arnaud,  L.,  839a,  2286,  2403,  2591,  2592, 

3245,  3325,  3790 
Arnouville,  H.  Choppin  d',  1617 
Arquel,  4040 
Astoin,  J.  B.,  2284 
Aubanel,  A.,  et  J.  Maistre,  3733 
Aubas,  Edouard,  1777 
Aubel,  679 

Aubignosc,  P.  L.  B.  d',  604,  630,  631 
Aucapitaine,  Baron  Henri,  1811,  1908-1910, 

2060,  2126-2130,  2186-2189,  2215,  2216, 

2307,  2308,  2387-2389,  2481,  2538,  2653, 

2657-2659,  2772,  2773,  2870 
Audouard,  Dr.,  1195 

,  Math.  F.  Maxence,  635' 

Audry,  F.,  3035,  3717 

,  L.,  1103,2835 

Augeraud,  Colonel,  2815 

August inus,  Sanctus  Aurelius,  203 

Aumale,  Due  d',  870,  1799,  2717 

Aumerat,  4482 

Aurely,  A.,  3093 

Ausone  de  Chancel,  C.  A.,  1011,  1108,  1973, 

2143 
Autran,  J.,  1918 
Avezac,  A.  P.  d*,  708 
.  M.  d',  594,  651,  854a,  930c,  1112, 

1374 
Avczac-Macaya,  M.  A.  P.  d*,  877 
Ay  en,  Due  d',  3210 

Badelon,  Ernest,  4139 

Babron,  Chev.  J.  B.  A.,  414 

Bache,  Paul  Eugene,  1046,  2224,  2390 

Bachelet,  T.,  4563 

Badin,  A.,  4651 

Baillet,  1317,  1341, 1436,  1499,  1690,  1308, 

1809,  1950 
Bailloud,  J.  B.  C.  J.,  1637 
Baills,  4184 
Bailly,  2921 
Bainier,  F.,  3511 

,  P.  F.,  3399 

Bajolle,  C,  4666 
Ball,  Arthur,  2859 
Ballantyne,  R.  M.,  3489 
Ballesteros,  Luis,  2637 
Balme,  E.,  2680 
Balthorpe,  1.,  158 


INDEX  OF  AUTHORS. 


411 


Bande  de  Maurceley,  4579 
Bannister,  S.,  519 
Barat,  S.  B.  F.,  438 
Barbie  da  Bocage,  1810 
Barbier  de  Mejmard,  4483 

,  J.  M.,  1766,  3027,  3976,  3977 

Barchou  de  Penhoi<n,  Baron,  431,  491,  503, 

598 
Barclay,  Edgar,  4149 
Bard,  Joseph,  593,  1711 

,  Le  Chevalier,  1630 

Bardon,  Xavier,  4526 

Bardy,  Gnstave,  1597,  3993 

Barest,  Eng^e,  1352 

Barg^,  Abb^  J.  J.  L.,  1383, 1600, 1670-1674, 

2093 
Barnard,  C.  J.,  3024 

,  Mrs.  S.,  336 

Bameaud,  £.,  4183 
Bam^nd,  2724 
Bamy,  A.,  3872 

de  Romanet,  2346 

Barrachin,  Docteur,  521,  522 
Barrault,  1688 
Barre,  407c 
Barr^re,  Abb^  2176 
Barrot,  Ferdinand,  2503 
Barnichin,  Dr.,  555a 
Barthdemy,  Aag.,  696 

et  Mery,  355 

,  F.  M.,  878 

Hadot,  Madame  AdMe,  317 

Bartillat,  Arm.  L.  J.  Jeh.  Marquis  de,  452 
-,  De,  510 


-,  Marquis  de,  487 


Bartling,  H.,  3204 

Barton,  Perceval,  346 

Banich,  4047 

Basnerair,  F6lix  Tonfiait  de  la,  743 

Bassano,  Prince  E.  de,  et  M.  de  Solms,  1338, 

1339 
Basset,  E.,  4527 

,  Lieut.-Colonel  la,  1833 

,   M.   Ren^   516,  4268,  4269,  4377, 

4468,  4610,  4611 
Bastard,  J.  H.,  970 
Bastide,  M.  L,  3757,  4072,  4187 
Bataillard,  Paul,  3395,  4103 
BaUnlt,  J.,  3920 
Batoutah,  Ibn,  2765 
Battandier  et  Trabut,  3795 
Baude,  Baron  J.   J.,  600,  669,  772a,  896, 

936 
Baudel,  J.,  4614 
Baudens,  Dr.,  754,  919 
Baudicour,   Louis  de,   1597(/,   1663,    1845, 

1846,  2159 
Baudot,  Capitaine,  3531,  3949,  4083 
Baudron,  720^ 
Bavoux,  Jos.  Evariste,  917 
Bayle,  Charles,  4745 
BeaufVanchet,  Baron  de,  4239 
Beaulard,  Louis,  610 
Beaulieo,  Paul  Leroy,  4146,  4562 
Beaumont,  Gustave  de,  983 

i  M.  Tassin  de,  913 

Beauasier,  Marcellin,  3014,  3135,4655 


Beauvois,  Capitaine  £.,  3213 

Beccard,  2788 

Beccari,  G.  B.,  4581 

B^chade,  Henri,  2233 

Bedeau  et  la  Morici^re,  Lieuts.-Gc'n^raux, 
1287 

B<5haguel,  Arthur  Alex.,  632,  2467,  2633, 
2634,  3062 

Belinfante,  J.,  3:^66 

Belkassem  ben  Sedira,  4656 

Bell,  Consul-General,  1769 

,  J.  H.,  2712 

Bellemare,  Alex.,  1723,  2476 

Belliard,  J.,  1710a 

Bellonet,  Gdn^ral  de,  9126 

Belly,  Alexis,  1015 

Ben-Aknoun,  1416 

Benezet,  Le  Chev.,  689a 

Benigni,  U.,  4663 

Bcnoist,  G.,  4597,  4727 

Bequet,  L.,  and  M.  Simon,  4247 

et  Marcel,  4478 

Berard,  Aug.,  716,  2874,  3000 

,  Capitaine,  586 

,  Victor,  1016,  1936,  3015 

Berard,  Ch.,  2559 

,  T.,  2784,  2785 

Berbrugger,  A.,  661,  787,  824,  927,  984, 
1048, 1049,  1143,  1144, 1458-1460, 1645, 
1646, 1779, 1780, 1827,  1865, 1905, 1924- 
1926,  2009-2014,  2030-2032,2107-2116, 
2210-2212,  2239-2241,  2287-2291.  2363, 
2364,  2393-2401,  2482-2485,  2576-2590, 
2660-2668, 2731-2736,2816-2818,  2902- 
2906,  2925, 2926,  3139 

,  — ,  and  A.  Genet,  803 

et  Bresnier,  2402 

Berger  de  Xivrey,  Jules,  772 

B^ringer  et  Col.  Flatters,  3972 

Berlier,  H.,  1454 

Berlin,  M.,  3194 

Bernard,  Antoine,  4702 

.,  Capitaine  F.,   3978,  4126,  4127, 

4613 

,  Dr.  C.  C,  3706,  4631,  4715 

Bemardini,  M.,  3944 

Bemhardi,  E.,  3620 

Bernos,  Alex.,  320 

Bert,  J.,  4495 

,  Paul,  4470,  4668 

Berteuil,  Ars^ne,  1839 

Berthelot,  S.,  1211,  2104,  4710 

Bertherand,  Dr.  A.,  1876,  2105,  2362 

— ,  Dr.,  and  L.  Donop,  1937 

,  Dr.  E.   L.,    1479-1481,    1720, 

1806,  1985,  2190,  2877-2879, 3132,  3409, 
3410,  3485,  3486,  3571,  3705,  3809, 
4299 

-  et  F.  Pharaon,  2148 


Berthet,  6Ue,  3187 

Berthezfene,  Baron  PieiTe,  455,  545,  547 

Bertholon,  C^sar,  2924 

Berthomier,  J.,  2345 

Berthoud,  A.,  2242,  3943 

,  Sam.  Henri,  1329 

Bertrand,  A.,  2472 
Besancenez,  1104 


1                     -412                                       A  BIBLlOGI^APllV'  OF  ALGF.IUA.                        ^^^^^^H 

r                      BiHiiti(on.  Dr.  v.,  and  M.  Worin,  3(190 
BBsclmrelle,  Emlle.  4210 

BorJier,  Dr.  A.,  4007,  4360                  ^^^^H 

Borfl.  Potma,  1340 

Borelly  U  Sapie  et  Edmond  Banrgogne,  1338 

Bnrrer,  Dhwsod,  1376 

BfljenuHn,  H^  3736 

Bcrnet,  Uoa,  1975 

Borl,  L.  Tejiwrenc  de,  4453 

.  Loni),  2557 

Bory-de-Saiat-Viaceat,  Colonel,  796 

Boaio,  Jaoomo,  34 

IWiv,  M.,  3071,  4013,  438fi 

fiotreiioo,  Capitaiae  de,  3347,  3348,  3619,            ' 

3680                                                                      1 

Bltflsco,  Princ.  Nl«)l<u,  2308,  2T0S 

Boui«re,  3356                                                 ^H 

Bichy  de  Sorgiano,  765 

Booola^chl  d'Almfrai.  4531                            ^^H 

Bouu,  Victor,  3028.  3167,  3449                  ^^H 

Blhonrd,  G.,  4045 

Botliier,  Numa,  4293                                   ^^H 

Billiard,  A.,  634 

BonWe,  F.  Th.  d^  813                                     ^H 

Biul,  L.,  nod  £.  Bwneau,  1055 

Bonchage,  F.  do,  2083                                               1 

Bingo  Avogwlio,  J.  B.,  147 

Boucher  da  CrtTecffiur  de  Perthes,  Jscqau, 

Binlae,  2737 

1475,  3087 

BiHt,  P.,  2275,  3276 

,  LoQla,  4661                                                 | 

BoDderba,  I.,  2177                                            ^^ 

BUkBilsy,  BsT.  J.  W.,  2098 

Douiliu,  Dr.,  1634                                       ^^^H 

Blnnc,  Paul,  3ST0,  3173,  33SS,  3450 

BUncard,Th.,4053 

Bougon,  Roblncaa  de,  5-26,  633,  730             ^^H 

Bonlanger,  E.,  4580,  4733,  47M                  ^^H 

4165,  4332-1335,  4374 

Boulbon-RaoHMOt,  1332                                                   1 

Bluqai,  Jer.  Adaiphc,  845 

Bourde,  Paul,  38B3.  4069 

Blaqnier,  Edwu^,  375 

Bluer,  Chr^tiao,  1864 

Bourel-RonciirB,  A.,  1618 

Bldichsr.  Dr^  3414 

Bourgogue,  EdmoD'l,  et  BoceUy  U  8>pie, 

Bleny,  H.,  3847 

1398 

Blocquel,  Simon,  409 

Bourguijaat,  J.  K.,  2610,  2384,  23B5,  2W1, 

Blofield,  J.  H.,  iOSO 

3056 

Blome.  R.,  162 

Bourin,  E.,  4708 

Bourjollr.  GiainX  J.  A.,  U  Pays  d^  1160, 

Blondel,  Lion,  633,  778,  1027 

Bocdgs,  Bnrfali  du,  1810 

1^79,  1417,  1469,  1549 

BoehM,  Ch.  P.,  1545,  1920 

Bourjot,  Dr.  A.,  2880.  3058,  3833 

EUcklDg.  Edvardni,  833 

Bourlier,  Cliarlei,  3372 

Bodiohon,  Barbsni  L  Smith,  2076 

, ,  aud  Dr.  Edmond  Bnfh,           I 

,  Dr.  E.,  1066,  1114,  1245,  1412, 

3166                              jMm 

1535,  1538 

Boorquelot,  £..  4038                                  ^^^M 

Bwltger,  Dr.  0.,  4060 

BoKrseil.  Ch.  de.  1544                                  J^^H 

Boutin,  VincmurTei,  415                         ^^^^1 

Boiiroger,  A.  de,  4660 

Booty,  M.,  4060,  4107,  4339                         'W^M 

BoioiJrt,  Q.,  3742 

Bautz,M.,4685 

Boiwy,  Adrien,  413 

Boarier,  T..  584, 1069. 1403 

Boittier,  Thewilo*.  3153 

Bouville,  Carlos  de,  1500 

Bollt,  J.  A.,  804 

fiou»t,  Charlea  da,  3850,  2957,  8068,  Silt 

BDnibDnnel,2176 

Boyde,  Henry,  243                                      M^M 

BoQ,  Dr.  Gmt.«U,433S 

Boyer,  Colin,  647                                      ^j^H 

Bonand,  L.,  2106 

Boyaei,  De,  3244                                      .^^^H 

BoySBon.  Capitaine  de,  3943                      ^^^H 

Boaelli,  Era.,  4738 

Jlrjiioe,  Bled  de,  1335.  3307                           ^^^H 

BoQBl,  Lieut.-0«ni!iia  ComW,  679 

BraiC.  Frmfoii,  1309                                        ^^H 

Bmfniit,Ch.,207l 

Brake],  H.  J.  L.  T.  de  Vnynet  tod.  304T      ^^H 

Bonifec,  Anoaod,  1455 

Braadt,  Dr.  G.  U..  4162                               ,^^H 

Bonjean.  1067 

,  L.  R,  1002 

BrauD,  M.,  8305                                                ^" 

Bonnnfont,  Dr.  J.  P.,  555,  831, 1203,  3679, 

Bravaii,  Lientenant,  493 

3105,  3899,  4367 

Ur&hy,  A.,  3189 

Bonnal,  Mareelin  de.  1297 

Bresnior  et  Berbnigger.  2403 

Bound,  Philippe,  2986 

,  L.  v.,  1788,  1H5.  2205 

, ,  and  A.  M.  A.  SiTBdicr,  3751 

Bresson.  D.<pnt^  737,  790                                 ^H 

BoDneliar,  Hipp^  525 

Bresty,  Dr.  de,  1803                                         ^^^H 

Bridget,  E.  T.,  3496                                         J^^H 

Bonnf  ral,  d«,  1832 

Bntre,  A.,  4183                                           ^^^H 

Bonialot,  Colonel,  2848 

Briruac,  L«  Comte  n.  de,  564                    ^^^1 

SoDiom,  E.,  3560,  3834 

Broadler,  A.  H.,  4407                                       ^^M 

Boomi,  P.  0.,  2383,  3732 

m 

BroL-aH,  Capitaine,  40D8,  4099                        ^^H 

INDEX  OF  AUTHORS. 


413 


Brodie,  William,  2857 
Broglie,  Albert,  Prince  de,  2168,  2249 
Brooks,  Francis,  196,  245 
Brossard,  Gc^n^ral,  412,  488,  533,  769-771 
Brosselard,  Charles,  807,  1025,  2029,  2099, 
2123,  2230,  3577,  3818 

,  Lieutenant  H.,  4263 
Broughton,  Mrs.,  907 
Bronssais,  C.,  1177 

y  a.  O.,  4325,  4375 

Brace,  C.  L.  Gumming,  726 

,  James,  286 

Brach,  Dr.  Edmond,  3702 

, ,  and  C.  Bourlier,  2166 


, ,  and  Dr.  A.  Gemy,  2923 

Bruin,  Georgius,  et  Franciscos  Hogenbergins, 

24 
Bnin,  J.,  3461 

,  V.  A.  Maltc,  1887,  1968 

Bninet,  J.  Baptiste,  1252 

Branialti,  A.,  3998,  4193 

Brunon,  Colonel,  3354.  3530,  3677 

Brans,  Paul  Jacob,  288 

Branton,  Dr.  Lander,  4163 

Brayn,  Abraham  van,  26 

Brazen  la  Martini^re,  223 

Bucbctet,  T.,  3249 

Buckingham,  H.  A.,  972 

Bngeaud  de  la  Piconnerie,  T.  R.,  779-781 

,  ManJchal,  946,  1061-1063,  1095, 

1106,  1181,  1285, 1288 
G<(ncral,  645 


Bngnot,  J.,  and  D.  Yerneuil,  3016 

BnUrd,  2798 

Bnnau,  1387 

Bnquet,  J.,  H.  Floreao,  et  E.  Luce,  1350 

Barband,  Roger.  4564 

Buret,  Ant.  Engine,  957 

Barzet,  Abb^  2961 

Bosnot,  Dominique,  206 

Bussi^re,  Vicomte  T.  R.  de,  1633 

Bussj,  Th.  Roland  de,  817,  818,  3048 

Bnrrj,  Dr.  L.,  1819, 1820, 1868, 1888, 1889, 

2067,  2156 
Byam,  Henry,  94 

Cjlbanillas,  N.,  1492 

Cabrol,  Dr.,  1198,  2468 

Cadoz,  F.,  2366,  2828,  3190,  3191 

Cagnat,  R.,  4281 

Cagniard,  Theodore  et  Hippolyte,  447 

Cahen,  A.,  2720,  2808,  3344,  3867 

Calmels,  Martin,  4096 

Cambon,  F.,  3126,  3424,  3570,  3873 

,  Victor,  4476 

Campbell,  Thomas,  688,  1098 

Oampo  Grande,  Viscount  de,  3967 

Canal,  J.,  4344,  4345,    4489,    4490,  4499, 

4688,  4696,  4697 
Canton,  A.,  1430,  1514 
CapJeville,  P.,  3032 
Capitaine,  H.,  3841,  3842 
Capp^  526a 

,  Judge,  556-558 

Carbuccia,  Gdn^ral  J.  L.,  1626 
Card,  E.  Rooard  de,  4055,  4056 
Cardini,  Lieut.-Colonel,  1202 


Cardon,  £.,  1935,  2149 

,  — ,  et  A.  Noirot,  2250 

Cardona,  F.,  2782 
Cardonne,  Dennis  Dom.,  270 
Careil,  A.  Foucher  de,  3556 
Carette,  Ant.  E.  H.,  782,  1039-1041 

,  ,  et  Dr.  Warnier,  1035, 

1213,  1269 

,  E.,  1278,  1372,  1657 

et  Rozet,  Capitaines,  1472 


Carey,  H.,  4493 

Carnoy,  E.  H.,  and  A.  Certeux,  4366,  4741 

Carolis,  D.  de,  161 

Carpenti^r,  P.,  489 

Carrey,  Eraile,  1962 

Carriere,  Gabriel,  4497,  4498 

Carron,  Abb^  2094 

Carteron,  2708 

Cartuyvels,  J.^  3839,  3929 

Casson,  Edmund,  116,  117 

Castellan,  M.  de,  146,  576 

Castaing,  A.,  3878 

Castangt,  1487a 

Castelane,  Comte  de,  894 

Castellane,  Comte  L.  C.  P.  de,  1555,  1589, 

1590,  1622,  4520 
Castelli,  Prcfet,  1209 
Castelot,  E.,  4175,  4358 
C.astonnet  des  Fosses,  4528 
Castries,  M.  de,  4140 
Cat,  Edouard,  4027,  4143,  4144 
Cauchar,  1730a 
Cauquil,  Dr.,  2160,  3050 
Cauro,  A.,  3629 
Caussade,  M.  de,  1530 
Caussidou,  et  Campaignac,  808 
Cauvin,  Joseph,  2326 
Cavaignac,  Eug.  Louis,  810 
Cave,  Laurence  T.,  2080 
Cazalas.  Dr.  L.,  1730 
Caze,  F.,  469 
Cerfberr  de  Medelsheim,  A.,  563,  996,  1253, 

1400 
Certeux,  A.,  3793 

,  -— ,  and  E.  H.  Carnoy,  4366,  4741 

Cervantes,  M.  de  Saavedra,  63a,  211,  252 
C^-Caupenne,  Baron   de,   664,  729,  2540, 

3036,  3037 
Cesena,  Am^de  Gayet  de,  433 
Chabanues,  C.  de,  2710 
Chabassi&re,  Jules,  2655,  2723,  2932,  2964, 

4287 
Chabaud-Arnaud,  3500 
Chabc^ud-Latour,  Baron  de,  1802,  21356 
Chabonnes,  Lieut.-Colonel,  592 
Chalon,  4550 

Chaloner,  Sir  Thomas,  1,  37 
Cham  (Vicomte  Amdd^e  de  Noe),  3039 
Champagnac,  J.,  Bapt.  Jos.  de,  652 
Charapey,  P.,  998 
Champlin,  J.  D.,  3369,  3604 
Champlouis,  M.  Kau  de,  2532 
Champy,  P.,  1033 

Chancel,  Ausone  de,  1011,  1108,  1973,  2143 
Chanony,  1629 
Chanzy,  G<Su^ral,  3455,  3456,  3536,  3665, 

3760 


Hi                                      A  BIBLIOGRAPHT  OF  ALGERIA.                   ^^^^^^H 

^^^L          ChapQjs-MontlaTilU.  Diputi,  8S4 

Cochut,  A.,  117.'>,  13S7,  1368,  UHjij^^H 

^^^H           Chulo  VL,  Erapercur,  224 

Cocquerel,  A.,  2339                                  ^^H 

^^^H           CbirUtr,  A.  C.  91^u 

^^^B           ClurnioDt,  J..  45T8 

Ca^ur  de  K<>7,  1440,  1683                        ^^H 

,  Piem.  3002.  4654                      ^^H 

^^^1           ,  L^on,  441S 

CohiD,  JoKph,  1138                             ^^H 

^^^1           CbuTler,  3337,  3415 

Coi6'urt,  L,  3120                                  ^^H 

^^H           Churv^nU,  P.,  4575 

Coiat,  Bnvsrot,  3910                           ^^^H 

^^H           Chu>tr>at>,  Fr61.>ric  Q04I 

CoiDie  d'Altcoff,  1266                                 ^^M 

^^^M          ChnittUt  d«i  Bojt.  U  S)cur  R«n£  do,  145 

Calet,  Mme.  Lsnife,  IlSl 

^^H            Chntcatibnand.  F.  A.  Je,  30S 

ColkTdot,  Dr.  v.,  and  Dr.  M.  A.  Vincent, 

^^H            CbstekiD,  Cliovalicr.  :!5S,  470 

2814 

Collerille,  A.  de,  1519 

^^™                Chiiteliur,  A.  le,  44B9,  4535-45^8 

Colomb,  L.  d*.  1972,  2062,  21&4                ^^ 

■                             . ,  H.  U,  3654 

Colomba.  F.,  2134,  2416                            ^^M 

Chaultncr,  126 

Colombet,  Aleiindre,  386                         ^^H 

Chaumant,  Uod  d<-,  6S4,  6g5,  1136 

Colombo.  M..  4553                                      ^^H 

1                             CliamiiDe,  DuciM  ie  Ik,  1539,  2506 

Cotomiea,  2306                                      ^^M 

^^H              ,  Dr.  J.,  3822,  395t,  3952,  4043, 

ColoDieu,  G^jral.  3928                        ^^H 

^^H            Chm,  Commdt.,  4288 

Comellu.  Fr.DcU,  217,  213                      ^^M 

^^M             CherhoDnenu.  A.,   1654,   1655.   1697.   1703, 

a>npt«-Calii,  2701                                   ^^M 

^^^H                 1790, 1891-1893,  200e,  2070,  2122,2125, 

Comynet,  Henri.  3299                           ^^H 

^^^H                 3256  3359,S313.2l<77.2S44,2845.2»tl- 

CoDd^,  Jd<£  Antonio,  335                      ^^H 

^^H                 2913,3929-2931,2941,  3018,3350-3353, 

ConuUggio,  Jcrouima,  49                     ^^H 

^^H                 3930, 40«)-'(004 

.  P.,  4454                              ^^H 

Contreiain^Iin,  CupiUine.  379,  380        ^^H 

Coolie.  G.  Wingrore.  2180                     ^^^H 

CDonann,  Cailmir,  3889                        ^^H 

1                          Chiret  «t  Duboii  de  Genoo.  33»6 

Coppin,  Jeaa,  185                                  ^^^1 

1 Chdron,  Theodore.  1008 

Coquaud,  3430                                            ^^^H 

^^^H                Ch«TTm,  Dr..  4110 

— ^H.,S892                                      ^^1 

^^K             Chevslkr,  H.  K.,  nnd  Florbo  PhanioD,  3154- 

Corcelle,  FmOfoii  de,  969,  976, 1079    ^^H 

^^H               3156 

^^H            Cbavillotte,  A..  3313 

ComeniD,  L.  M.  de   U   Hay>,  TionJ^H 

^^H           Chevron,  Comdt.  de,  3261 

2201                                  '        "— ^^ 

^^H             Cblt[er,  A.,  4170 

Cormier,  P.  Thitophile,  1286 

^^H             ChoUaet,  Henrj-,  3794 

Comemin,  Vicomte  de  1h  Hmye  de,  BS64 

^^^H             Choiaj-,  Angnate,  4070 

Comwhe,  J.  J.  Adolpho  de  Uuierle,  TO!, 

^^H           Cboppin  d'AmouTille,  B.,  1617 

703 

^^H           ChotiD,  A.  Q..  1900 

^^H           Chreatey,  1070 

Couoa.  £.,  1644,  1848,   1939,  2003,  34«^ 

^^H           ChrUtiaa,  L,  1735 

2497,2088,3eil,3811,3953.«15,4m      * 

^^H           ,  P.,  1134,  1135,  12S4 

4254,  4255 

^^H             Chuquet,  A.,  4371 

^^H            Cborcliill,  207 

1940 

^^M           ,  Comnl-Genernl,  262S 

,  — ,  and  P.  Jnmin,  1797 

^^M           ,  H.  A.,  2695 

,  — ,  et  Moqnin-Tandon,  1»« 

^^M           .  Lleut.-Coloncl ,  2796 

,  M.,  et  CapiUina  Contiu,  2918 

^^B            l^i^t'  Achille,  3025 

Coata.  3534                                                  ^^^ 

^^H            CiUti,  Gsctan,  649,  1243 

,  R.  Uendfai  dn,  436                          ^^H 

^^H            Oivrj,  Comre  Engfoe  de,  1579,  166B 

CoaUIUt.  Dr.  A.,  682                           ^^H 

^^H            aum,  A.  dn  Pat/  d«,  4496 

Caste,  M.  de  la  Koche  de,  4473             ^^H 

Cottnan,  H.  L.,  4380                            _^^H 

^^^H              Clnriaiu,  Don  Astooio,  235 

CottoDii.  Peron  et  Qantbier,  4310,  UI^^H 

^^H            Clirlnvil,  Comdt..  3013 

Cotteloup.  Dr.  A..  1550, 1551                 ^^H 

^^H            Clark  Keutiedr,  Captain  J.  C,  1179 

Cotty,  Emeit,  2980                                    ^^H 

^^H              Clauiollos,  960 

Coudresu.  ti.  A..  4123                               ^^H 

^^H              Ckuiel,  Beitmnd,  476,  484,  539 

Coulioy,  Marcel,  4444                           ^^H 

^^H            ,  Unrdchal,  GSS,  718 

Coopry,  1223                                         ^^H 

^^H            CUret-Oanbect,  703 

Coartigei,  M.  de,  54.1                                 ^^H 

^^H             Cltment,  1988 

Couain.  Capitaine,  et  M.  Coooa,  3348   ^^H 

^^r            Clen;,  Dr.  U.  le,  1931-1933,  2121 

Contjean.  C,  4559                                 ^^H 

^^m                 _  Eng.,  1890 

Coatnrier.  2975                                     ^^^1 

■                            Clercq,  A.  le.  1742,1816 

Coyne,  Captain  A.,  3816,  385T,  4079     ^^H 

t                             Clerf,  Robinct  dt,  3200 

J 

I!n)EX  OF  AUTHORS. 


415 


Cremieux,  A.,  3095 
Creully,  Colonel^  1648,  1649 
Creuly,  G^n^ral,  2171,  2318 
Creusat,  J.  B.,  3310 
Croix,  Frtddric  la,  2531 

^  Le  Siear  de  la,  186, 188,  202 

Croker,  W.,  311 
Cuera,  F.  de  la,  7 
Cttignet,  Dr.,  3202,  4168 
Cuniac,  3877 
CortiUet,  P.,  1685 
Curtis,  J.,  297 
Cnrr,  Capitaiae,  860a 
Cust,  R.  N.,  4262,  4323 
Cuttings,  Nathaniel,  2197 
CuTerville,  Cavelier  de,  3479 
Czjuski,  Jean,  812 
Czjszkowski,  Stephen,  3583 

Dagret,  Abb^  L.,  934 

Dahdah,  Comte  Rochard,  4503 

Dain,  Alfred,  4423,  4424,  4596,  4692 

Dalles,  3630 

Dalrymple,  Major  W.,  278 

Daly,  Cesar,  4405 

,  Marcel,  4336 

Dan,  Rev.  Pfere,  104 

Dangy,  Dr.  A.  Helye  de,  2604 

Danjou,  F.,  574 

D'Aoust,  Virlet,  1122 

Dapper,  O.,  168 

Darbon,  £.,  2042 

D'Ardeuil,  Fumeron,  853 

Dareste  de  la  ChaTanne,  1539,  2506 

y  R.,  1609,  2520 

D'Arlanges,  G^n^ral,  709a 
Darmet,  398 
Darmon,  3017 
D'Amaud,  839a 
Darm,  A.,  2764,  3207 
IVArvietix,  Le  Chevalier,  221,  240 
Dastugne,  Gdndrol,  3437 

. ,  Lient.-Colonel  H.,  2812,  2813 

Daubige,  Charles,  4128 
-Daudet,  Alphonse,  3690 

,  Ernest,  3807 

D'Aolt-Domesnil,  £.,  399,  509 
Danmas,  E.,  1075 

,  G«5n^ral,  1639-1641,  1724,  1812- 

1814,  1871,  1930,  2068,  2536,  2936,  3380 
,  and  Capitaine  Fabar,  1272- 


1274 


-,  Jos.  Eug.,  1100,  1101,  1529 
Dayasse,  Dr.  Jules,  2361 
Darenet,  Capitaine,  2017 
D'Arexac,  M.,  854a,  930c,  1112,  1374 
Darid,  Baron  J^rOme,  2407 
Daries,  Rev.  E.  W.  L.,  1978 

,  William,  62 

Davitz,  Pierre,  135 

Dax,  Comte  L^n  de,  1944 

J  M.  de,  1687,  1860 

Dean,  J.  C,  3468 
Debay,  A.,  1139 
Debeaux,  0.,  2103,  2514 
De  Boynes,  3244 
De  Breves,  Francois  Savary,  93 
VOL.    IT. 


De  Chancel,  A.,  1011, 1108,  1973,  2143 

Decker,  C.  V.,  1043a 

De  Dax,  Comte  Uon,  19i4 

,  M.,  1687,  1860 

De  Fallon,  C.  T.,  2970 

Defr^mery,  C,  1686 

De  Galland,  Profl  Charles,  4109 

Deijnoot,  W.  T.  Qevers,  2139 

Deitte,  Adolphe,  1681 

Dejan,  A.,  4600 

Dejernon,  R.,  4253 

Dejoux,  E.,  3572 

De  la  Blanch^re,  Ren^  4134-4133 

Croix,  Le  Sieur,  186,  188,  202 

Faye,  Planat,  718a 

Fnwton,  F.,  2322 

Malle,  Dureau,  692,  789 

Delamare,  A.  H.  L.,  1466,  1467,  2051 
De  la  Marre,  Comdt.  A.,  1774 
Delamarre,  1413 

,  L.  XI.,  3282|  3283 
De  Lannoy,  Ant.,  698 
Delaport,  J.  Hon.,  1042,  1123,  1124 
Delaporte,  H.,  1197 
De  la  Primaudaie,  F.  £lie,  2311 
Del^luze,  E.  J.,  887 
De  TEsp^,  D^put^  740 
Delestre,  E.,  3370 
Delfraisy,  1632 
Deligny,  G^n^ral,  1334 
Del  Monte,  3832 

^  Jean  Baptiste,  2082 

y  M.,  1710 

Delord,  Tazile,  3266 
De  Lormel,  1954 
Delort,  General  Baron,  549 
De  Loynes,  D^put^  889,  895 
Delpech,  Adrien,  4275 

de  St.  Guilhem,  E.,  1257 

Delpeche,  Adrien,  3426-3428,  3596 

Dclphin  et  Guin,  4547 

Delpoux,  J.  Pierre,  3888 

Delpraisy,  3005 

Delsieuz,  Jules,  2265 

Delvigne,  Gustave,  667 

Demaeght,  L.,  4142,  4347,  4500,  4689,  4690 

,  Major,  3800,  3895 

De  Manne,  3377 

De  Massol,  2162 

De  Mir  Mirski,  Prince,  778o 

Demoly,  Ad.,  3634 

Denanc^,  V.,  2971 

Denis,  2277 

,  Alph.,  1096 

,  Ferdinand,  et  Sander  Rang,  689 
Dennid,  Baron,  296,  421 
Depping,  369a 

D'lirlon,  Comte  Drouet,  1065 
Derrdcagaiz,  Y.,  3343,  4124 
Derrien,  Commdt.,  4477 

,  J.,  3945,  4601 

De  Salle,  448 
Descosse,  Abbd  F.,  2339 
Descoub^s,  Commdt.  E.,  4188 
Descous,  1679 
Descub^  A.,  4125 
Desfoss^  Edmond,  4546 

a  E 


HB                                      A  BIBLIOGRAPHT  OF                                             ^|^^^H 

DeA«re».M.O.P.,  1371 

DagaB,  J..  3725                               ^^^^^^B 

De  Sivjj,  Wj-uti.  67a 

: ,  P«re  Jiwph,  369S                            ^^^| 

De»j»r(llM,  Alb.,  4680 

Dug>t,  GuMave,  1473, 1722,  SS93                ^^H 

. ,  EmMt,  2937,  4289,  431SJ 

,  Henri,  1044                                        ^M 

DBJob.rt,  A.,  710,  711,  749,  1047,  1176 

Dugnrt,  Alfred.  4078                                       '^ 

Dubonnet,  Comindt.,  2528,  2776,  2898,  SJl*           1 

D«or,  Kh  3649,  BBOa,  29M,  2955 

UuDialle,  Amidie  Unil,  1146 

— — ,  — ,  St  Ch.  M»rtiD»,  3B84 

Dnma.,  Alexandre,  1254, 1533,  1963 

Duprei,  C,  2462,  2463,  2554,  2555,  S8t>2, 

DuMflzet,A.,4215                                                            1 

SeSl,  S221,  3448 

Dumatet.  Anlonin,  4450,  4451                           i^^^ 

Dum^ril,  Auguste,  2001                              ^^^H 

Jj'Eatournellci  de  Constant,  4(167 

Dumont,  Henri.  371B                                  ^^^| 

DTjitrj,  Stephen,  918. 1054,  1571 

.  U.  X.,  965                                    ^^H 

Ct»  Vaui,  Ciain],  et  VBtonne,  1360 

Duroonstic,  J.,  2225                                     ^^^H 

DMvani,  GininJ,  2335 

Dupi<r^,  S.  DoaruiDr,  343S                         ^^H 

D«*Toiiin»,  V,  700,  717,  869 

Dnpias,  Aleiandre,  432                                 ^^H 

■      Dtxtai,  0,  aO&5 

Diipiu,  Baron  Cfa.,  616,  7S9, 1500                 ^^H 

k                        J)«tob1i,  a.,  1602,  1831,  2121.  2133,  2411, 

. ,  Ph.,  704                                             ^^1 

2207,2208,  2446,2669,  S872,  2933,  2934, 

Diiplat,  J.  B,  1866                                           ^^ 

3023,3140-3146,  3229-3236,  3317,  8425 
Dewult;  K,  2486,  2713,  2806,  2807,  2B41 

Do  Pcncean,  Peter  S.,  377                                                ' 

Duponch.l,  A.,  3508-3508,3549,3597,368.% 

3686.  3743,  3744,  3B44-3846,  iOOS" 

li'Hutourt,  Cpiti^D.  B.,  2958 

,  E, 2269 

D'B.ulp,«l,Gtn*Bl,  1482,1541 

DupoDt,  Paul,  2281 

D'Htfrbingbeni,  Oipit«ine,  15B& 

Duprat,  Pierre  Pascal,  1129 

Kboi,  E.,  3383,  3524 

Dupri,Ang>iBte,  3053,  3116 

Dldevill*,  Comte  H.,  3986 

Dopnah,    Mgr.   A,   A.,   1050,    1150,   llvp.              , 

Didier,  ChMles,  1921 

1200,  1219,  1315,  1355, 1381.  1419,  UI3          J 

■ ,  BeniT,  1576. 1677,  22GI,  2342,  2684 

DupuT,  CapilaiDe  A.,  3246                                            B 

DicrckK,  0^  4583 

Duquiene.  i..,  et  J.  Fueqnier,  2040               ^H 

DitnaJde,  V.  A^  1491,  3887.  4296 

Dnrand,  3054                                                ^^M 

D'lTrj,  Fortin,   1081,   1126,    1127,    1216, 

,  Dr.  Auguite.  1399                           ^^H 

,  Die.,  devalier  de  TUle«gBw>,  •■'^H 

1217, 1SS9,  1393,  1408,  1478 

ViUeig„o„,  3-6                          ^^     '                   \ 

l^•Oil^,  UmWj,  902 

Dnrando.  M..  4100 

DombMle,  Chr.  Joi.  Akj.  Waihien  de,  747 

Duianton.M.,  1507,  2084                                                  I 

Uaubsy,  aa5a 

Dnr,:an  de  la  M«lle,  1580,  1581                            1 

DonaldHiti,  Prof.,  3541 

UoEop,  L,  »Dii  Dr.  B«rthemnd    1937 

Durrico,  Baron,  3660                                   ^^H 

DopiEez,  834 

Durru-ell,  Engine,  3703                               ^^M 

Dor,  a.,  4119 

Cuteil,  B..  466                                                  J^^H 

DougIa.,C.  Home,  3361 

Dntrooe,  1512                                                  J!^^H 

Dam  ere,  4622 

DuTal.  Jnlta,  1603,  1708,  1771-1773,  IM^^H 

Di>uroet,Adsn»on,  3612 

2066.  2319,  £601,  2602,  2626,  2;8S.Ud^^H 

Donrn.ni  Dnpit*,  H.,  3438          ,     . 

__,  .^,  .Dd  Dr.  Gamier,  2835,  SMC  J^^H 

DooTie,  A.,  3492 

• ,  M.  v.,  4491                                     ^^^H 

Dojitt,  L,  1620 

,  Paul.  271B                                         ^^H 

DuiJ,  R.,  tod  J.  de  Goeje,  2707 

, D.lUj,S80                                          ^H 

DruhojoMk*,  ComteMe,  3735 

DoTerger.  P.,  811                                                  ^^M 

Synion  de  UlreilU,  203U 

DuTcrooi's,  ClimeDt,  2032-2059,  2262,  28«fr^H 

Difuet,  Henri,  4643 

2464,  2674 

I>ube«n,  Abbd,  22B7 

Duvejri«ir,  Henri,  3151,  2152,  2226,  S300. 

Ihibie^  Dr.  Fenuind,  3738 

2318,  2456,  2595,  2757,3212, SMI,  3374. 

Dnb«!q,  1494, 1594 

3375,  3442.3443,  35BO-3593.  3605,  37I«. 

I>i]bois,  ChBilei,  2524 

3748,  3749,  3970,  4333.  4400,  4565t  45«! 

Do  Bondiige,  F.,  2083 

DuTiTier,  Gt^neral,  909-S12, 947, 10O7,  U-IC^ 

Cubooig,  Geotral,  471,  640 

1111,1164 

Da  Bouiet,  Chitlei^  3110 

DiicbBl.l»,A.,  3150 

Eek  Abd-ei>H*ijM,  Suxb,  280a                     | 

DochuMJog,  E.,  872 

Eden,  Chnrlee  H..  3B02a                                         ^H 

Duchesne,  Dr.  E.  A.,  16BS 

^v»id>,  Mies  U.  B.,  2774,  2862,3GS»     «^H 

Ducom,  Dr.  Fy.  Joe.,  683 

Kgli<e,  D^air^,  I2C2                                             |^^H 

DucTot,  Ginertl  A.,  3125 

Egreville,  B.  P.  Ednond.  IIS                       J^H 

Dacning,  Frenjois,  1554,  1691,  1716 

Ehrenroth,  Adelaide,  4506                            ^^^H 

Dufcui,  Uxluse  Fanny,  88S' 

Eigilten,  OUf,  93a                                          ^^H 

Dngaiilon,A.EBdc,44S 

Ejilie,  H.,  4548                                               ^^H 

INDEX  OF  AUTHORS. 


417 


El  Alchi  ebn-Monla  Ahmed,  1166 
Elanteri  Salah,  1173, 1234 
Elberling,  E.,  3684 
Enfantin,  Barth.  Prosper,  986 

1  M.,  3316 

Erath,  A.,  900 

Erckmaxm-Chstrian,  3569 

Eriyaxme,  Ch^  764 

Erlon,  Coxnte  Dronet  d',  659, 1065 

Escajrac  de  Laatore,  Comte  d',  1699 

Esm^nard  da  Mazet,  Camille,  1951,  1952 

Esp^,  De  l\  740 

Estancelin,  L^  833 

Estibot,  1573 

Estienne,  681 

Eetrella,  Alfonso  Calyete  de,  19 

Estrey,  Dr.  Cte.  Meyners  d*,  4583 

Estry,  SWphen  d',-918, 1054, 1571 

^tlar,  C,  2881 

Etournean,  2786,  3274 

Engine,  P.,  4546 

Erans,  Mrs.  Lloyd,  2834 

Eyssautier,  L.  Ai,  4693 

Fabab,  Capitaixie,  et  Gdn^al   M.   Jos.  £. 
Daamas,  1272-1274 

,  P.,  1281, 1282 

Fabiani,  Horace,  2280,  3723 

Fabre,  Colonel  Henri,  1857,  3594 

,  J.  R.,  1870, 1918,  2193 

Fa)>rier,  Engtoe,  1250 

Faicqnier,  J.,  et  L.  Dnquesne,  2040 

Faidherbe,  G^n^ral,  2767,  2768,  2882,  2883, 
2960,  3046,  3178,  3180-3182,  3192 

> ,  and  Dr.  Topinard,  2452, 

3393 

Falbe,  M.  C.  T.,  788 

Fallet,  4120 

Fallon,  C.  T.  de,  2970 

FaUot,  E.,  4552,  4629 

Faraon  (vide  Pharaon),  Florian,  2018,  2019 

Farges,  Abel,  3869,  4042,  4279 

Farine,  Ch.,  2641,  2969,  4131 

Fancqneuz,  D.,  4166 

Faure,  Dr.  L.,  2742,  3185 

,  F.,  114 

Favier,  A.,  4167 

Farre,  Jnles,  3040 

Fawtier,  Paul,  3124,  4534, 4700 

Faye,  3223 

,  Planat  de  la,  718a 

F^lieo,  P.,  2625 

Feline,  Adrien,  945 

Fenech,  1596 

Fenonx-Maubras,  2691 

Ferand,  £.,  2391,  2392 

,L.  Ch.,  2020-2022, 2117,2206,  2487, 

2488,  2563,  2564,2644, 2650,  2737,  2805, 
2819,  2840, 2907-2910,  2928,  2938,  2939, 
3009,  3084-3087,  3238-3242,  3318, 3319, 
3346,  3429-3432,  3501,  3552,  3553, 3623, 
3632,  3633,  3696,  3778,  8791, 3858, 4332 

Ferero-Hermann,  4313 

Ferguenz,  2330 

Fergnsson,  James,  3193  ; 

Femel,  477 

Femile,  392 


F<^russac,  Baron  D'Andebart  de,  531 

Feailleret,  H.,  1159,  2837 

Feuillet,  Dr.  J.  J.,  1853, 2282,  3408 

Feuillide,  C.  de,  1854 

Fey,  Ldon,  1990,  2120 

Feydeau,  Ernest,  2367, 2551, 3562 

Ficheur,  £.,  4561 

Field,  H.  M.,  4739 

Filhon,  Commandant,  586a 

Fillias,  A.  E.,  1415,  2167,  2352,  2565,  3279, 

3497,  3498,  3765,  3926,  3987,  4326 
Finot,  Dr.  P.  X.,  1147 
Fbcher,  Christian  August,  326 

,  Th.,  4010,  4595,  4665 

Fisquet,  Hon.  J.  Pierre,  956 

Fitch,  Asa,  1642 

Fitz-Geflfery,  Charles,  103 

Flam,  J.,  4342 

Flambart,  A;,  3767 

Flamm,J.,  4011 

Flandin,  J.  B.,  540,  561,  562,  1372a 

Flandrin,  J.  B.,  607 

Flassan,  Comte  Gaetan  de  Razis  de,  388 

Flatters,  Col.,  3971 

, J  Choisy  et  Soleillet,  3973 

, ,  et  B^ringer,  3972 

,  P.,  2477,  3697 

-,  P.  F.  X.,  4321 


Fleury,   Lieat.-G^^ral  Baron  Rohanlt    de, 

768 
Floqny,  Commandant,  2562 
Florean,  H.,  J.  Buqnet  et  E.  Lnce,  1350 
Foley,  E..  et  V.  Martin,  1801 

,  L.  E.,  et  A.  E.  Victor  Martin,  1528 

Follie,  284 

Foncin,  P.,  4277,  4608 

Fontanes,  J.  de,  3880 

Fonvielle,  de,  2544 

Forcade  la  Roquette,  De,  2442 

Forster,  John,  2542 

Fortin  d'lvry,  T.,  1081,  1126,  1127,  121^ 

1217,  1239,  1393,  1408,  1478 
Fossati-Reyneri,  G.,  3755 
Fosses,  Castonnet  des,  4528 
Foucher  de  Careil,  A.,  3556 

-,  V.  0.,1974 

,  Victor,  1906a 

Foacqueron,  J.,  527 

Foalques,  de,  4390 

Fonquier,  Achille,  1212 

Fourcade,  Raymond  Henry,  658 

Fonrchanlt,  Colonel,  4097 

Foureau,  M.,  4293 

Fourmestranx,  E.,  2719,  3901 

Fouinel,  Henri,  1215,  1522,  3451 

,  M.  J.  H.,  1414,  1714,  1715,  1850, 

1902,  1903 
Fournet,  2336 
Fourrier,  H.,  3550,  4276 
Fourtier,  1651 
Fourtou,  M.  de,  3096 
Fousset,  A.,  4185 
Foy,  2005 

,  Commandant,  1650 

France,  A.  de,  712 

-,  Hector,  4513 


Francisque-Michel,  R.,  4684 


2k2 


il8                                      A  BIBLIOQItAPHT  OF                                              ^^^^^^ 

Fruiclieii,  Comte  d«,  1301 

Gcvers,  Doijnoot,  W.  T.,  2139          ^^^^^^B 

Franfoin-Ijicrouts,  J.  B.,  &87,  1321 

Ghiatele,  Cber.  Joue  t>o,  18                       ^^^H 

Fraoqne,  7780,8933 

Gia«obbi,  1443                                                     i^^H 

,  A.,  1034,  1115,  1335.  139G 

Gibert,  ¥A^  4653,  4711                                 ^^H 

,M.,7I0,  711 

Gib>oD,  H.,  4723                                            ^^H 

Tnad,  Iimail,  307+ 

Freeman,  H.  S.,  2*33 

Gilbert,  J.  T.,  2568                                         ^^H 

Frtgier,  C,  2239,  2343,  -2410-2122,  2440. 

Gildebert  d'Herconrt,  Dr.,  3S80                      ^^H 

3*78,  3117,  3118 

GiUotto,  Ch.,  1746,  1995,  3061,  3195,  SSMI^^H 

Fi^Joi,  Roland,  ISS 

GiQgena-La  Sarrai,  Avmonde,  314.'i                  ^^^H 

Freroy,  M.  L.,  3797 
Frendi,  E.  V.,  2795 

Girard  da  Ria11^  3602                                          ^^M 

Gii'ardin,  E.  de.  2268                                            ^^M 

FreosDte.  Marie  dc  la,  434 

Girand,  2321,  3137                                         ,^^H 

Preppel,  Abbe.  2600 

Girol,  A.,S735                                               ^^H 

Freicaly,  Marwl,  4514-4517 

Girot,  L,  876.  879                                        .^^H 

Frits,  Jean.  1301 

Glachaat,  C,  4598,  4709                               ^^M 

Frison,  Dr.  Amdd^e,  3418 

Glaawin,  E.,  4618                                                ^^M 

Friiwrd,  1597a 

Goblet  d'Alviella,  Comte,  826S                        ^^J 

Fromtntnl,  A.,  653 

Godard,  Abbd,  1836                                            ^^ 

Fromentin,  Engine,  1595,  1980,  2081,3092, 

, Leon,    1963fl,    2034,    2293,             ' 

3738 

3394,  3914,  3157 

Frosaard,  J.  v.,  3891 

Godefroy,  Lea  P.P.,  229 

Frmton,  F.  de  la,  2322 

Godron,  Dr.  D.  A.,  1553 

Fach.,  M.,  3606 

Goeje,  J.  de,  2163,  2769 

Fa^ntei,  Diego  de,  32 
Falcrasd,  Colonel,  4539 

, ,  and  R.  Doiy,  2707 

Goeuel,  4065 

Farnarl,  Dr.  Satrato,  1130 

Goldaiher,  Dr.  Ignai,  4724                               ^J 

GiBEAir,  Ch.,  ind  MaoG.  de  Sline,  2878 

Goloui,  Dr.  E.,  3843                                      ^H 

Qabrjel,  L.,  3317 

Goaiara,  F.  Lopu  de,  1704  ^^M 
Gordon,  Udy  DufT,  1091                           .  ^^^H 

Oaffarel,  Paul,  3743,  *316,  4306,  4473,4662 
QaiUard,  Cant.,  592a,  733 
GaiUardon,  B.,  4554 

Gorea,  Antonio  de,  77  ^^^1 
Qorgoni,  1834,  3028,  2295,  2398                              ^ 

Gallbert,  Lion,  1018 

Gallaia,  F.,  2918 

Go™,  Dr.  L.  A.,  1857a 

Galland,  Prof.  Cbarlei  de,  4109 

GoMelio,  E.,  3376,  3453 

Gilliani,  A.,  !784 

Goiiri,  454a                                                         1 

Gsndin,  A.,  25T1 

Gourgeot,  F.,  3999                                                   J^H 

Garbi!,  23*7 

Gournerie.  Eugene  de  la,  SSt                            H^H 

Garde,  C.  la,  4437 

Gout.  e.  de  U  BoulUye  le,  123                     ^H 

.Gsrdeoa  de  Boiwe,  Sona-Ueulcnaal,  5*2 

GooTenieur,  A^  3980                                    ^^H 

Garella,  Napoleon,  1*89 

Ooyt,  M.  A.,  3533,  3678,  40*1,  4283              ^^ 

Ga«e,  Goorget,  3100 

, ,  and  Dr.  V.  Eebond,  4037,  4039            1 

Gukell.  George,  3491 

Grfiberg  da  HemaQ,  Couat  J.  C,  3T0,  371- 

Guparin,  Comte  Agtaor  de,  605 

570,  932,  1280 

GaBtineau.  B..  2303,  2304,  2*81,  2GS5,  4369 

Grad,  C,  2794, 3253,  3667,  4217,  4218 

Gaatn,  4231 

Gradis,  Benjamin,  523                                                J 

Gaucher,  Maxim  e,  3641 

Graham,  Alexander,  4400                                           ' 

Gauthier,  Cottean  et  Perron,  4310,  4543 

Graioayc.or  Grammey,  Le  Sieur  Jeaa  Bap-            1 

QauLier-Saiut-AubiD,  1328 

ti,l467,73,88                                       '^            ' 

,  Thoophile,  1800,  3701 

Grammont,  U.  de,  3285.  3793,  38S0,  3954, 

Gamin,  Eugtue,  2039 

3981,  420S-4307,  4336, 4365,  4413-411*, 

GiTault,  P.,  4373,  4274,  4416 

4671,  4673 

Gavoy,  Dr.,  3731 
Gay,  Jean,  3436 

IT      n'                  .n-. 

-— , ,  ana  l,  rung,  43i  1 

Grand,  Emile,  680                                                    j 

Gayet  de  Caaena,  AmUi.  433 

Graviire,  Jurien  de  la,  4509,  4670           ■        -^^ 

Oaieaa  d«  Vantibanlt,  T.  P.,  3819,  4071 

Gray,  Dr.,  2574                                                   ^^M 

Gemy,  Dr.  A.,  and  Dr.  E.  Bruch,  2923 

Gr£goire,J..3797                                          ^H 

GJoaiD,  M.,  4113 

Grelloia,  Dr.  Engine,  1611                            ^^M 

Geoet,  Aleiandre,  and  A.  Berbmgger,  803 

Gonty  do  BuMy,  P.,  589 
Geof&oy,  Aaguite,  4090,4643 

Gre8lez,245B                                                ^H 

Gr^vy,  Albert,  3933,  4033                                ^^M 

Girard,  C.  Jule.  BasiU,  1346,  1638,  1709, 

Grieu,  Reni  de.  4327                                     ^^M 

1843,1899,3161,3387 

Gri£non,L,4713                                         ^^M 

Gerloff,  Valentin  de,  4201 

Gri4.  F.,  1615                                _^^^^^H 

Golraia,  Paul,  708,  1364,  IB86,  2705 

,  J.  3603,  4063                     ^^^^^H 

GtieDiDi,  Fried.,  725 

^^^^^^H 

INDEX  OF  AUTHORS. 


41^ 


Gu^ardy  £.,  4292 

,  Q^  4141 

Ga^n,  Leon,  931 

^Toudonze,  Ptee,  1260 

Gads,  Henri,  2385 
Gueyara,  Lois  Yelez  de,  158a 
Gucjdon,  Amiral  de,  3264 
Guichard,  C.  Amand,  3219 
Guichenot,  A.,  1465 
Guieysse,  £.,  4303 
Guilbert,  Ariatide,  363,  828 
Gaillemaid,  A^  1953,  2223 
Gailleminy  Lfon,  1136 
Guimet,  Emile,  3267,  3661 
Gnin,   L.,  2297,  2489»  3320^  3321,  4272, 
4542,  4682 

et  Delphin,  4547 

Goischardt,  Ch.  Th^plu,  264 

Gttnther,  Albert,  2155    ,j,^., 

Gurch,  Dr^  4744 

Gumey,  Matthew,  36 

Guy,  C.,  3539,  3540,  3687-3689      :  :  T- 

Gayon,  1121 

,  Dr.,  693 

,  Dr.  J.  L.  S.,  774-777 

,  J.  L.  G.,  723,  1783 

,  L.  O.,  1693 

,  L.  J.  G.,  663 

,  Paul,  MOlot,  Drs^  1450      . 

Guyot,  Tyes,  4609,  4735 

, ,  et  Curd,  4316 

Guys,  Henri,  1743,  2632,  2700 
Gyndphile,  479 

Haas,  Dr.,  and  Dr.  0.  Schneider,  3746 

Haddey,  J.  M.,  3211 

Hadot,  Madame  AdMe  Barth^emy,  317 

Haedo,  Fray  Diego  de,  60 

Hailly,  A.,  1997 

Hain,  Victor-Armand,  504 

Hakluyt,  Rey.  Richard,  35 

Hal^yy,  Joseph,  3044,  3386 

Hamel,  L.,  4455,  4572 

Hamelin,  530 

Hamilton,  James,  1843 

Hamy,  Dr.,  4151 

Hanoteau,  A.,  1835,  2220,  2298 

,  Capitaine,  1994 

— —  et  Letoumenz,  3186 

,  Q4ninl,  2811 

Hansen-Blangsted,  £.,  4492 

Harambore,  Y.,  3061 

Haroourt,  Capitaine  Bernard  d',  2958 

J  Edward  Vernon,  2087a 

Hardouin,  U,  2893 

Hardy,  A.,  988, 1502-1506, 1558, 1758,1855, 

1939, 2244,  2245,  2371,  3171,  3774 
Harebome,  M.  WUl.,  43,  45 
Harra,  J.,  2165 
Harris,  John,  210 

1  Rey.  C,  3467 

Harteyelt,  D.,  2615 

Harting,    James    Edward,   and   Julius   de 

Mosenthal,  3646 
Hartman,  160 
Hartmayer,  Capitaine,  4395 
Hartoch,  Hdloise,  883 


Hase,  727,  3147 

Haspel,  Dr.  A.,  1520 

Hassenstein,  B.,  2756 

Hatin,  E.,  873 

Haubersaert,  Le  Comte  d',  582,  583 

Hanser,  944 

Haussonyille,  Comte  d',  4237 

Hautpoul,  Gdndral  d\  1482,  1541 

Haye  de  Cornemin,  Vicomte  de  la,  2264 

Head,  Major  F.  B.,  376 

mU,  3882,  3883 

Hebenstreit,  J.  £.,  234,  279 

Hedde  am€,  J.  A.,  559 

Helflerich,  P.,  and  A.  Thomas,  2760 

Helye  de  Dangy,  Dr.  A.,  2604 

Heain,  Baron  £t.  F.  d',  281 

Henrichs,  P.,  1005 

Hdrail,  Uon,  2272 

Hdran,  F.  C.  N.  de,  396 

Hdrault,  Rey.  P^e  Francois,  110 

— — ,  -^— -  Lucien,  115 

Herbert,  Lady,  of  Lea,  3218,  3619,  3639 

Herbillon,  Gdndral,  2479 

Hercoart,  Dr.  Gildebert  d',  2880 

Hdricart  de  Thury,  Vicomte  L.  E.  F.,  939 

Hdricourt,  J.,  4731 

Herman,  H.,  739c 

Hdron  de  Villefosse,  A.,  3525,  3894,  4087,. 

4393 

,  R.  P.,  134 

Hertz,  C,  3658 

Heryier,  Capitaine,  1191 

Heyden,  Dr.  L.  yon,  4228 

Hirsch,  Dr.  Max.,  1922,  2365 

Hirschfeld,  0.,  2729,  4507 

Hochen^,  867 

Hodgson,  W.  B.,  464,  1019 

Hoffman,  3741 

Hogenbergius,  Franciscus,  et  Georgius  Bruin,. 

24 
Holcroft,  Sir  Henry,  124 
Hope,  Capt.  H.  W.,  3579 
Houdas,  O.,  3490,  4544,  4558 

,  D.,  C.  Richet,  and  J.  Reinach,  4658 

Houry,  C.  B.,  1429,  1583 

Hubler,  T.,  4189 

Hugo,  A.,  1071,  1214 

Hugonnet,  Captain  F.,  1996,  2138,  2252 

— ^— ~— —  L«  2873 

Hun,  Felix,  1725,  2100,  2170 

Hunt,  Gilbert  T.,  308,  333 

Hutton,  Catherine,  338 

Hyeronimus,  156 

Ibn  Batutah,  1599, 1686,  2765 
Ibn-el-Hari,  1410 
Ibn-Haukel,  937 
Ibn  Kaldoun,  899,  1255,  2766 
Ibn  Khallikan,  964 
Ibn  Maiek,  4657 
Ideyille,  Comte  H.  d',  3986 
Isidori,  27 
Ismail  Pacha,  187 
Isnard,  3069 
Itier,  Jules,  1559 

lyry,  Fortin  d»,  1081, 1126, 1127, 1216, 1217^ 
1239,  1393,  1408, 1478 


420                                       A  BIBUOORAPHr  OF  ALGERIA.                      ^^^^^^ 

Jacsxxs,  a  A.,  333 

Eoitenko,  L.  Th.,  3618                           "^^^1 

.John,  298 

Jflcqoot,  Julei,  4257 

K«w^Uki,  A.  M.,  3939                             ^^H 

Jacqaey,  Jules,  4379,  4574 

Kramer.  Commdt..  3B48,  3849                    ^^H 

Jxsquiei-.  062 

Krebi,  W.,  4592.  4725                                  ^^H 

JiusjUDt,  Dr.  FilbL,  12T7,  1327, 142G 

Ereug.<r,  J.  H.,  1872a                                  ^^^M 

, .  «t  M.  Topin,  1427 

J«n«,  WiUism,  3731 

hi.  BaMGT,  Ueat.-ColoDel,  1833                ^^^| 

JunlD,  F^  and  E.  CoitsoD,  1797 

Labatul,  F.,  4295                                          •^^^| 

JiiDBon,  W,  310 

Laborde,  Aleiiii  L.  Job.,  387                         ^^H 

Jaauts,  Givio,  31 

Labre,  Julu,  2636                                         ^^^1 

Janrisr,  DdpuU,  738 

Lacaie,  Signol  et  Nicotai,  Drs.,  4448         ^^^H 

Jiubtrt,  Am6iie,  676 

du  Thiera,  H.,  2573                          ^^^1 

,  D.,  3004 

Lachari^re,  A.  C.  do,  50a»                        ^^^1 

JwuTTOt,  Victor,  3704 

Lachese,  Dr.  LaoTaille  da,  3750                  ^^^M 

Jeblonowiki,  Comta  VencMlai,  &G3 

Laconibe,  F.  de,  3052                                     ^^^H 

Jennlng.,  J.,  337 

Lacour,  A.,  3495,  4240                               ^^^H 

J«a>»,  Ad.  Laur.,  1461,  1462 

Ucretelle,  0^«ral  a  N.,  2861  ^^^^^^M 

,  P.,  2640                    "?^^^^^^H 

Joret,  Henri,  3647 

Lacroii,  A.  de,  1138                '  t^^^^^^^M 

Jouflroy,  Dipal6,  802 

,  Dr.,  481                      ^^^^^^^H 

,  Thomu  Simon,  786 

,  F.,  2490,  2919,  301V  ^^^^^^^1 

Jourdan,  2509,  4U7 

La  Croii,  Fnid^c,  2531           ^^^^^^^1 

,  A.,  3980 

Lacuje,  Baron  de,  473-475       I^^^^^^^^H 

.  C,  2683,  3955 

Udimir,  J.,  1947,  2131            ^^^^^H 

,  pMcal,  2762,  2804 

Lafaye,  Uon,  981                      -^^^^^^^1 

Jounuult,  LAin,  4075,  4338 

LallilU.  Ch.,  572                          ^^^^^^1 

Joiivonol,  4468 

La6tte,  Prosper  de,  4017          ^^^^^^^M 

Juba  IL,  844 

Ufdu-RiUiet,  1385                  J^^^^^^H 

Jubien,  Alfred,  1449 

U  Frensn^,  Marie  de,  434      ^^^^^^^M 

Judai,  8I4a 

U  Garde,  C,  4437                   -^^^^^^H 

■ ,  A.,  2917 

Lagrange,  1684                           ^^^^^H 

— ,  Dr.,  1787,  1916,  2003,  2312,  2473, 

,  Jos.  de  Chaucol  de,  198          ^^^H 

2646,  2726,  2840 

,  M.,  3413                                    ^^H 

— ,  Dr.  A.  C,  3179 

,  0.,  2894                                    ^^^1 

,  Dr.C.  A,  1292,  2829-2832 

Uisu^  P.,  766                                           ^^^1 

Juillot  Salnt-Lager,  T.  E.  A.,  3029 

UJoye,  a,  4179                                       ^^H 

Lallcmaut,  C,  27S3,  4021                        ^^H 

Julienne,  1830 

Laniaiiewe,  3417,  3853,  4180                      ^^^H 

JullUn,  Camille,  4350 

Laniarchc,  Hipp.,  1205                                ^^^M 

Juag,  I.  N,,  2049 

Unmr.,ae,  Capitalne  Ua,  924     ^^_^^^B 

Umbel,  De,  3598                         -^^^^^^H 

Juriea  de  la  GraTiere,  4509,  4670 

Umbert,  Emeit,  329S,  4340  "^^^^^^^l 

Jiu,  3885 

lAiDborelle,  L,  2511                    ^^^^^^H 

,  Ht  37B9 

Lambrechts,  U..  236                  ^^^^^^^M 

. — ,M.,  2082,4695 

Lanienaire,  M.  de,  1356           '^^^^^^^1 

Juiuf,  Gincral,  1468 

La  Menaais,  AbM  F.  R.  de,  BOI^^^^^^^I 

Umey,  A.,  3835                          ^^^^^^^M 

KALTBKmiBBB,  D.,  3089,  3090 

Umothe,        d^  3936                 ^^^^^^H 

Kan,  Dr.  C.  M.,  aad  Prof.  Veth,  3526 

Lamj,                                             I^^^^^H 

Kay,  David,  3477 

Lancelot.  F^  2789                      "^^^^^^B 

Kayser,  Gabriel,  4644 

Krfjqii,  A.,  3021 

1349,  1678                                            ^^^H 

1                       Kerapthoro,  Captain,  148 

Kennedy,  Captain  J.  C.  Clark,  1179 

LaDdowaki,  K,  3737, 3331                        ^^^M 

Lanesian,  Dr.  de,  4560                                  ^^^M 

Keppel,  the  Hon.  and  Eer.  Thomas,  971 

Uagtols,  A.  D.,  4348                                ^^^M 

Eesaler,  Capitalne,3216 

Ehaldan,  Ibn,  1255,  2766 

Lanier.  L,  4445                                             ^^^M 

Siva,  M.,  41S0 

l^teine,  Henri,  3828                        -    -^^^H 

Knight,  Francis,  108 
KnoTiM,  Eichard.  50 

LanvailU  de  Lkcheae,  Dr.,  3750  .^^^^^M 

Lapoine,  IvaD,  S422,  4501         -i^^^^^^M 

Knoi,  A.  A,,  3991 

U  Pauet,  Capltaine  F..  133S    ^^^^^^^M 
Upauet,  Ferdinand,  1496        ^^^^^^^H 

Kob,  J.  L,  3892 

Kohclt,  Dr.  W.,  4165,4370, 4409-4412,4584 

,.GjDJral,  3335             ^j^^^^^^H 

Kochcr,  At  4362 

Lapkie,£douaid,10e7,  tI6S   4^^^^^^H 

Kohn-Abrest,  F.,  4577 

,  Lieut.-Ci>lDDel,  96Q      (^^^^^^H 

Eolh,  Dr.  EJroond,  2142 

to 

746                   ^^^^^^^1 

INDEX  OF  AUTHORS. 


421 


Laploiche,  A.,  4447 

'4Uporte,  A.,  4220 

Largeao,  V.,  3513-3522,  3555,  3657,  3803- 

3805,  4007,  4008 
Lariri^  Ch.  de,  4722 
Laroche,  2147,  4446 
Laroiuse,  M.  Pierre,  4486 
La  Sauzaie,  Augier,  425 
Lataste,  Femaad,  3931,  4061,  4062,  4226, 

4227,  4317, 4449,  4607 
Latour  da  Pin,  A.  de,  753 
Latreille,  A.,  331 
Latraflfe,  C^  3914,  4122 
Laugier  de  Tassy,  N.,  220 
Laujonlet,  T.,  1331,  1531 
Launay,  D.,  2044 
Laareace,  Depute,  571,  619,  663 
Laurent,  C,  1901,  1959 
Lautoar-M^zeraj,  Prefet,  1508 
Lautore,  Comte  d'fiscaTrac  de,  1699 
Laurergne,  Hubert,  462 
L  iverdo,  IJent.-Q^^ral,  538 
Lavergne,  A.  de,  2460 

,  L.  de,  1375 

Larigerie,  Charles-Martial  AUemand,  2778, 

;J  X)2,  3003,  3033,  3509 
Lavigne,  Albert,  3122 

,  G.,  2855,  3008,  3510 

L-ivoUee,  C,  1518, 1537,  1563-1565,  1977 
Lawless,  Hon.  Emily,  4479  ; 
Xaynadier  et  Clausel,  1174 
I^bescho,  M.,  1241 
Leblanc  de  Prebois,  Francois,  860a,  863-865, 

962,  1026,  1394,  2409,  3104,  3493 
Le  Bon,  Dr.  Gustaye,  4335 
Lebourgeois,  S.,  4639 
.Le  Chatelier,  4469,  4535-4538 
Leclerc,  C,  4556 
,  Dr.  Lucien,  1872, 1917,  2217,  2566, 

2567,  3584 
Le  Clerc,  Dr.  H,,  1931-1933,  2124 
Xe  Clercq,  A^  1742,  1816 
Leclercq,  Jnles,  3985 
L<>comte,  M.,  3289 
Lecq,  H.,  4177,  4178 
Xedentu,  A.,  1083 
Lee,  Samuel,  362 
Lefebure,  M.,  3041 
Lefebvre,  Marie,  1719,  2234 
LcBoch,  Louis,  2232 
Lefranc,  E.,  2790 
Legoyt,  Alfred,  1187,  1231 
Legrand,  Ch.,  3648,  3728 
Leguest,  Abb4,  1858,  2069 
Lehon,  Louis  X.  L.,  Comte,  3042 
Lclu,  P.,  3992 
Lemattre,  Jules,  4180 
Lenoir,  Alph.,  4714 
Leo  Afticanus,  16,  100 
Leo,  John,  83 

.Leonard,  Dr.,  et  Foley,  1232 
Le  Pays  de  Bourjolly,  Gdndral  J.  A.,  1160, 

1417, 1469,  1549 
Leroy,  A.  L.,  4568,  4569,  4729 

Beaulieu,  Panl,  3662,  4146,  4728 

•Le  Roy,  M.,  255 
JLerminier,  629 


Leslie,  C.  R.,  and  Tom  Taylor,  2612 

Lespinasse,  E.,  3698 

Lasseps,  Ferdinand  de,  3608,  4713 

Lesson,  508 

Lestiboudois,  Dr.  T.,  1636 

L'itang,  Baron  de,  857 

Letourneuz,  2959 

i — ,  A.,  3055,  3747 

s  — ,  and  Sir  Lambert  PUjfidr^ 


3161 


et  Hanoteau,  3186  * 


Letronne,  J.  Ant.,  1295,  1384 

Leupe,  P.  A.,  3655 

Levens,  Jeanin,  1627|  1748 

Levesques,  H.,  4221 

Levoux,  Ch.,  2822 

Levral,  Capitaine  J.,  1929,  2015,  2018,  2027 

Leydecker,  Melchior,  195 

Leyden,  Dr.  John,  and  Hugh  Murray,  2d4 

Liaucaud,  Dr.  A.,  1859,  3060,  3252,  3268^ 

3916 
Lieussou,  A.,  1493 
Lieutaud,  E.,  1318 
Limberg,  N.,  1294 
Lisicennc,  Louis,  442 
Lithgow,  William,  63,  121,  273 
Lloyd,  Julius,  3918 
Loche,  Capitaine,  1885,  1943,  1998-2000 

— ,  Commandant,  2800,  2801 

Locher,  F.,  2598 

Lockhart,  J.  G.,  342 

Lodoyer,  Auguste,  1836 

Logeay,  Ch.,  2681 

Loir-Montgazon,  1072 

Loiseleur- Deslongchamps,  Jean   Louis  Aii> 

guste,  494 
Loizillon,  V.,  3537,  3538 
Lommatzch,  Ober-Lieut.,  2550 
Lomon,  A.,  2357 
Lord,  Percival  Barton,  621 
Lormel,  De,  1954,  2076 
Lorral,  E.  de,  and  C.  E.  Zeys.  3470 
Losado,  Fr.  Gabriel  Gomez  de,  154 
Loubon,  Joseph,  6896 
Louis-Lande,  L.,  3475 

Philippe,  Roi,  1379 

Lourde,  J.  Th^ph.,  1077 

Louveau,  A.,  2425 

Louyrette,  Chev.  W.  H.,  456,  457,  550 

Loverdo,  G4ndral  Comte,  546,  548 

Loyer,  Ch.,  3031 

Loynes,  D^put^  De,  889,  895 

Lozd,  585 

Lozfere,  Lieut-G&itol  Pelet  de  U,  836,  838, 

839 
Lubbock,  Sir  John,  3984 
Lubomirski,  J.,  3913 
Lucas,  H.,  1406,  1433-1435,  1574,  1643 
Luce,  E ,  J.  Buquet,  et  H.  Floreau,  1350 
Lucet,  Marcel,  2505 
Luciani,  D.,  4460 
Lukis,  Rev.  W.  C,  3284 
Lunel,  E.,  2858 
Luxeuil,  T.,  1682 

MacCabtht,  J.,  382  '' 

,  Oscar,  728,  1304,  1305,'.  1851, 


<ca 


A  BlBUOGKAtHV  OF  AIGERU. 


1515-1517.  1567-156B,  1S93, 17«,  1823, 
1B84,  1969-1671,2080,  S209,  3670,  3780, 
S781,  3256,  SeiO,  3T16,  3950, 1104,  4487 

Hacdonald,  George,  2603 

MacLeod.  1..  4726 

VMdinitT,  P^  1862 

lUfn,  524 

Mag«r,  H^  3854 

BBnioiii,  Henrr,  1391 

Hahoii,  Lord,  1378 

Hiirne,  P.,  4555 

UaiTlot,  F.  C.  601 

liairt,  JoMph,  4385 

MaiiORDe,  Nicolu  d«  la,  575,  8S3 

Maiionntuve,  Durieu  de,  1405 

■ — , ,  and  E,  Cohod,  1796, 


Maiiit 


,.  J.,  c 


A.  Aubanel,  3733 


UaUbidc,  Lard  Talbot  de,  4145 

UbIivdU,  1856 

Halbcrbe,  1795 

Halle.  Diireau  de  U,  589,  692,  769,  15S0, 

1581 
MaUetene,  M.,  45T6,  4605,  4615 
Malte  Brun,  V.  A.,  19ST,  1968,  4294 
Haitian,  H.  Frtiherr  von,  2836,  2966,  2967, 

ManieloDck  OuleJ  Sed-Snoc,  Le,  1984 

Mangiavacchi,  3358 

Hangdy,  U.,  458 

HaDQeit,  liosrad,  958 

Manael,  Sir  Thomas,  128 

Uanionr,  Jacoub4l-MHdjaheel-al,  105 

Harana,  Jean  Paul,  180 

Marbaud,  Pierre,  2260 

Hare,  E.,  4222 

Marut,   J.  J.,  678,  1020 

Uarcbal,  1612 

Uarchand,  Jnlo,  2654, 2721 

Harcdlini,  Fraa.,  IT 

Marcotte  d«  QniTi^M,  1770 

UarcDi,  Looii,  657,  792 

Uar«,  A.  H.  L.  da  la,  1466,  I4Q7,  20SI     ' 

Mardchal,  Comte,  1230 

Hareillf,  M.  it,  1653 

Harts.  Dr.   Paul,   1956-1958,  2144,  2236, 
2535,  3614 

-—,  a.,  3874 

Uoreaclial,  Jean  Pierre,  435 

Haref,  G^n^ral,  1052,  1053 

MuDge,  Giain],  1353 

Margon,  Comte  de,  4297,4641  j 
_                          Uargoerile,  Ge^i^ral  A.,  296S 
^^^            Margoet,  F.,  2887 
^^^L          HarJD,  A.,  2974 
^^^1          Harion,  A.,  966, 1319 
^^H          Harit,  Dt.  J.  J.,  2405 
^^^          Mule,  M.,  1356 
^^^^            Marraier,  Julee,  378 
f  ,  X..  1271 

MarmDlJTu'ai'ajBl,  L.,  25 
y  Marre,  Comdt.  A.  de  la,  1774  | 

■ Hariolier,  Jacquea,  249  ; 

^^H  Uanj,  De.  3851 

^^H  HartuI,  W..  3302 

^^^H  Uartiani,  I 


Martimprej,  General,  4C16 
Hailin,  Aleiaodre,  349 

,  Dr.,  2248 

,  Dr.  A,  E.  Victor,  1261 

, ,  «l  L  E.  Folrt 


et  Foley,  1149 

'  u!  Henri,  4101,  4114 

,  L,  991,  1141,  1302,  3875 

Raget.  3272 

,  v.,  et  E.  Foley,  1801 

Hnrtinet,  L.,  4059 

Haitina,  Charlei,  2523 

,  C.  Ft  2639 

,  Ch.,  et  E.  Deeor,  3884 

Mnscarenhos,  Joam  Carvalbo,  93J 

Mai-Utcie,  Comte  de,  4508 

,  Jacqoei  Uarie  Jotepb,  1017,  I0S9 

,  L  de,  2611 

Haiqoera;,  Emile,  3564-3967,  S707-37CI>, 
3779-3782,  3812-3815,3958,4018,  llJiJ- 
4161,  4229.  4230,  4466,  4467,  4510,  4511 

UauDC.  C.  L.,  222 

Uaue,  Dr.  C,  4064 

Maisolot,  J..  980,  990,  2650,2035 

Maui 03,  F.,  3561 

,  Le  Baron,  880c 

Mawo],  De,  2162 


— ,  J.,  2( 

— ,  Hncquis  de.  1738-1740 
■ .,  429 


I 


Mathews,  W.,  3025 
Slattd,  A..  2860 
ilaupas,  £.,  3360 
Mnurcelej-,  Dande  de,  4579 
Mnurin,  Dr.  Axaidft,  2415,2457,3201,  355J 
Maoroj,  P..  1037.  1086,  158* 
Maw.  Oeorge,  3411 

Max,  Gniteve,  3026,3165, 3107, 3313,; 
3407,  3483,3671,  4264,  4355-4857, 

4435 

Thoma*,  Baron  Q.,  2675 

Mayeui,  F.  J.,  319 
Mayilre.  H..  4368 
Maiarredo,  L'Aniiral,  276 
Maiel.  A.  dn.  3505,  8546-3548,  3727,  390!. 
39B6,  3997,  4215 

CamilU  Esm^nHrd  dn,  1951, 1952 

Mainel,  Lienteaant. 

Meaai,  C.  de,4364 

Medebheim,  A.  Cerl^en'  de,  996, 1253 ' 

Meffray,  Colooel  Comt«  dc,  3128 

Mela,  Pomponiui,  9 

Melcion-J'Arc,  Caiimir,  2412 

Uelix.  SoDa-Ueuteoant,  2648,  2619 

Hendte  da  Costa,  R.,  436 

Menerrille,  De,  1785 

Mennaii,  Abbi  F.  K.  de  la,  800 

Uequisse,  4541 

Mercier,  E.,  2491,  2843,  2649,  2915,  2916. 

2942,  3111-3115,  3237,  3322,  3545, 33e3. 

3458,3681,3864,  3865,3881,  «28,  ""'" 

4243,  4392,  448S,  4705 

,  H.,  2033 

Ln  combe. 


1 


I 


,3891,«029,l;^^_ 

J 


INDEX  OF  AUTHORS. 


423 


Mercicr,  M.,  1307 

IJerilhoD,  1316 

Merle,  J.  Toussaint,  416,  480 

Mesnier,  Madame,  2382 

Messager,  Dr.  Ch.,  1448 

M^tarer  des  Planches,  Le,  2619 

Metelltu,  66 

Metg^  1798 

Mettrie,  Loyer  de  la,  1242 

Metzon,  Gerrit,  326 

Meyer,  Alphoxiie,  2119,  4078 

Mejnard,  barbier  de,  4483 

Meyners  d'Estrey,  Dr.  Qe.,  4583,  4736 

Meynier,  E.,  2875 

M'hammed  el-Ouennas,  2596 

Michiel,  Alfred,  3503 

Milagro,  Maryilloso,  306 

Hilhaad,  G.,  4732 

Milhot  de  Yemooz,  H.,  938 

Mille,  3673 

MUlion,  E.,  1877,  2953,  3051 

Hillot,  Dr.  Benjamin,  4104 

1  — ,  et  Paul  Guyon,  1450 

,  P.,  4054  . 

Milne-EdwardB,  M.,  724 
Minard,  D.  A.  D.,  4138 
Mircher,  Ck>mmandant  H.,  2360 
Mir  Mixski,  Prince  de,  778c 
Minral,  C.  H.,  652 
Mi2zi,  A.  M.,  3961 
Mocqnet,  Jean,  64 
Moeller,  3484 
Moliner-Yiolle,  3635 

et  Wahl,  3730 


',  f .  A.,  oooo 


MoHnier,  Dr.  H.,  2480 
MoU,  A.,  2007,  2172,  2173 

,  C.  A.,  2314,  2427 

,  Louis,  1084 

— ,  Professor,  1557 

Mommsen,  Th^ore,  2474,  4402 

Monbrion,  430 

Monbrun,  Alfred,  3075 

Monceauz,  Paid,  4376 

Monfort,  G^n^ral,  581 

Monglare,  Eugtee  de,  1874, 1912-1914 

Monin,  H.,  4088 

Honnerau,  Dr.,  3149 

et  Watbled,  3148    / 

Monnet,  G.,  3810 

Monnin,  F.,  2991 

Monson,  Sir  William,  207 

Montagnac,  Colonel  de,  4438 

Montague,  472,  541,  846 

,  D.  J.,  450,  565, 1392, 1485, 1861, 

1961,  2046,  2047 
Montbrun,  T.,  4475 
Monte,  Jean  Baptiste  del,  2682 
Montebello,  Comte  Ch.  de,  3034 
Montegut,  E.,  2169 
Hontezon,  A.  de,  1556 
Montfort,  G^tel,  568 

,  Henri  de,  985 

HontgraTier,  Az^ma  de,  1060,  1196, 1335, 

1336,  1431, 1432 
3Ionti,  Leo  de,  2803 
:Montigny,  P.,  2423 


Montpassant,  Guy  de,  4270 
Montrond,  M.  de,  1265 
Moquin-Tandon  et  £.  Cosson,  1941 
Morales,  El  Capitan  Baltazar  de,  33 
Morcelli,  Stefano  Antonio,  315 
Moreau,  Dr.  L.  E.,  2043 
Morell,  John  Reynell,  1705 
Morgan,  J.,  225,  232,  239 
Morgues,  H.  de,  428 
Morici^re,  J.  de  la,  650,  1094, 1289 

,  La,  et  Bedeau,  Lieut8.-G^n^rauz, 

1287 
Morin,  M.,  and  Dr.  V.  Be8an9on,  2690 
Momand,  F^ix,  1022,  1847 
Morocco,  King  of,  171 
Morsier,  F.  de,  3802 
Mortemart,  Due  de,  742 
Mosentbal,  Julius  de,  and    James  Edward 

Harting,  3646 
Motylinski,  A.  de  C,  4318,  4464 
Mouchez,  Contre-Amiral,  3817,  3969,  4105, 
Mouren,  L.,  1521a 
Mouton,  Colonel,  2495,  3030 
Movers,  Dr.  Franz  Cnrl,  916 
M'rah  ould  Bel-Hadji,  4130 
Muguerot,  Adolphe,  427 
Muller,  L.,  1786,  2231,  2575 
Mmiby.G.,  1256,  2102 
Munter,  Fred.,  364 
Murray,  Alexander,  301 

,  Hugh,  324 

, ,  and  Dr.  John  Leyden,  294 

Musset,  Paul  de,  3476 
Mustapha,  3288 

Nador,  Le,  1082 

Nantilly,  Sagot  de,  880a 

Naphegyi,  G.,  2895,  3162 

Napoleon  HL,  2498,  2627 

Narbonne,  Henri,  3711 

Natte,  Ch.,  1757 

Kazerieux,  Ch.  Pierre  de,  843 

Neal,  Yice-Admiral  Sir  Harry,  2593 

Neltnez,  Capitaine,  2652 

Nettement,  Alfred,  1840,  2968 

Neuburger,  S.,  2890 

Neufrille,  Jacob  de,  4209 

Neveu,  E.  de,  1125 

Key,  NapoUon,  3460 

Kicaise,  C,  3079 

Kicbolay,  Nicholas,  15,  84 

Nicholl,  John,  2728 

Nicolai,  Nicolas  de,  14,  15 

Nicolas,  Lacaze  et  Signol,  Drs.,  4448 

Niel,  Mar^chal,  2865 

,  0.,  3398,  3545,  3823,  4225 

Niles,  T.  M.,  339 

Niox,  Ct.  G.  L.,  4337 

Noah,  M.,  332 

Nodler,  Charles,  1064 

Noel,  L.,  2255 

NoSllat,  v.,  4148 

Noir,  Louis,  3287 

Noirfontaine,    Madame    Pauline    de,    1534, 

1836a 
Noirot,  A.,  2158 
,  — ,  et  E.  Cardon,  2250 


421                                       A  BIBUOGRAPHr  OF  ALGERU.                       ^^^^^^^| 

NorJrtrem,  J.  A.,  4026,  4137,  4311,  4319. 

Pa«:al,  J.  M.,  1362                                         ^^^| 

4436,4602 

l^iscul,  Adrieo,  901                                        ^^^M 

Kormand.  Cb^  4068 

I'nmt,  Capita>D9  F.  Is,  1333                     ^^^H 

Nani>.  W.  E.,  3914a 

|-s:!tr,  U..  613,  1495                                 ^^^M 

Northcote,  J.m«,  304 

Piiuf.  E.,  4474                                           ^^^M 

Nonr,  AliVrf,  1342,  1438 

Paulmier,  1478,  3195                                    ^^^H 

NouTion,  Oeorga  de,  4300 

Pnuc,  Thtodore,  1382                                    ^^^^1 

NoMrtn,  Chsrlei,  2624 

PuvY,  LooU  A.  A.,  1421,  1422                ^^^M 

HnculB,  Horace,  12 

,  Mgr.,  1661,  1662,  1837.  1992.  t^^H 

2023,  2278,  2279,  2413.  2415,  SSSO  '  j^^H 

Obbet,  B99 

Pajen,  CapiUine,  2008,  2174,  2315,  S^^^H 

Oberthur,  M„  2370 

^^^H 

,  ComdU  3010,  3353                      ^^^H 

Oget,  Jalu,  3099 

Pawant,  L..  2972                                      ^^^H 

Ogilbj.  Jobn.  151 

Pesrae,  0.,  4223                                        ^^^H 

OkeUy,  William,  165 

P«chaud,  Jean,  4013,  4260                        ^^^H 

OUTAinl,  M.,  4704 

OUiFier,  KtumI,  2325 

Pels.  Colonel,  32TT                                        ^^H 

Ohnmnre,  4567 

,  Th.,  3159                                         ^^^1 

Oupeti^  3011 

OrfteiK,  Doc  d'.  055,  3031 

P^Ugaud,  E.,  4084                                   ^^^H 

Pelet  de  la  Uthre,  Gcaind  J.  J.,  836,  d^^H 

OhoBbj,  John,  2537 

839                                                        ^^^M 

OrMini,  Piiilm,  29 

,  General  J.  J.,  1120                             ^^^H 

Or«,  Abbd,  1880 

PeUon,  S.,  784                                          '^^H 

Ortollo  y  Ore.  T.,  2199 

Pell^  Ciemsot,  905                                   ^^^H 

CMrarns,  Sir  l:>lviird,  40 

Fellegrmo,  Guiotti.  277                                 ^^^| 

Oater,  Edward,  599 

PflUetier,  H..  2299,  3094                           ^^^1 

Ott,  K.  G.,  3934 

Pelletreau,  385!                                             ^^^| 

Otth,  Adalphe,  773 

Pelliuier  de  Renaud,  E,  638                     ^^^1 

Ottone,  J.,  6S6 

Oudinot.    Lieut. -G^Diiial,    794,    834,    815. 

,  — ,aadR^u»t,II33             ^^^1 

1145 

,  M,  710                                     ^^H 

Oudot,  J..  3924 

Penchenat,  M..  1702                                 ^^^M 

Oatrer,MT3184 

PenhoI<D,  BamD  Barohou  de,  431,  491,  ^^^H 

■0«r.nd,M«.  Campbell,  3188 

"^^^H 

OiWa,  J,  1237, 1238 

Perean,  E.,  2821                                             ^^^^1 

P^rier,  A.,  4590                                             ^^^^1 

PiCDll,  K,  1308 

,  Dr.  JoaaaT,  829,  S30                   ^^^M 

Pmgea,  Alig,  1755 

,  J.  N.,  1012,  114S                       ,  ^^^H 

Ptgno,  v.,  4442 
Patedini,  L,  3371 

,  J.  A.  N.,  3309                                '  ^^^H 

iPalat,  Llaut.,  4514-1517 

512                                   ^^^^^H 

Pall«j.  Paul,  4687 

437                           _^^^^^^^M 

PaUn,  C.  de  U«ert.  4328,  4403,  4519 

Peron,  A.,                                ^^^^^^^H 

Pananti,  Filippo,  322 

Penet,  £..  4612,  46.15             ^^^^^^^H 

Panet,  M.,  1411 

Perner,  Capitaine,  3223           ^^^^^^^M 
,  Colonel,  3788,  S9S3    ^^^^^^^H 

Pantel,  J.  F.  Jul«>,  8B7 

Papaut.  L.,  2998 

,  Corndt,  3613                ^^^^^^^H 

Papencordt,  Filii,  714 

,  J.  A.        1270             ^^^^^^^M 

Papier,  A.,  2375,  3868,  4039 

,  LienL-Colonel,  4106   ^^^^^^^M 

. ,  M..  3305 

Perriotid,  I.  R.,  2770                *^^^^^^H 

Paradli,  Ventore  de,  1031 

Pecroa,  Dr.,  2045,  3020,  3027               ^^^^1 

Pawdol,  Privosl.  2852 

,  Oanthler  et  Cotteau,  4310,  ioJ^^^M 

Fardiao,  Abb«.  2856 

,  M.,  1540,  I5SU                             ^^^H 

Parian,  J.  do,  3855 

PeiTot,  A.  M.,  405-407,  454                  "^^^H 

ParU,  A.  G,  793 

,  L.,  400S                                  -^^^M 

,  Colonel,  2958,  3160,  3209 

Feraoaaeaoi,  A.,  2204,  2327                      ]^^^l 

,  R.,  846o 

Pertbfls,  Jacquia  Boocber  de  CtiTecaV^^^H 

Parisot,  400 

20S7                                               ^^^^H 

1                           ,  Capt^  3339,  3615,  3616 

Pflschfui,  Rbnthn,  2066,  2157,  2335      ^^^M 

,  Conundt.  v.,  4085 

PoUrtea,  Th.,  4737                                  ^^^M 

,  v.,  3843 

Pcliet,  Le  Baroo,  407a,  SOti                     ^^^M 

Parkfis,  Beuie  B.,  2323 

Peliguf ,  Madlle.  Gara  F.  de,  1192          ^^^H 

Facmentiar,  G^^ial,  4115 

Peat,  Hippolfte,  1601                                   ^^^M 

Farqunt,  L,  3763 

Ujri,  A.,  468                                               ^^^M 

,  Madame  de,  3821 

Peyrosnj,  CapitaiDC,  638                        ^^^H 

PaKal,  AdrieD,  954 

Ffelffer,  Simon  FrU^c,  509a                  ^^H 

INDEX  OF  AUTHOfia 


426 


Pharaon  (vide  Fanon),  Florian,  1741, 1927, 

2539,  2617,  3902 

,  F.,  et  £.  L,  Bertherand,  2148 

J  Florian,  and  H.  £L  Cheyalier,  3154- 

3156 

,  Josnny,  497,  520,  625 

— — , ,  and  Dr.  Qoldscheider,  882a 

Philebert,  Ch.,  3382 

,  GKJndral,  4504 

Philibert,  G^^ral  C.,  4132 
Philippe,  L.,  3912 
Pichon,  Baron  L.  A.,  529 

,  J.,  1692 

Piconnerie,  T.  R.  Bngeand  de  la,  779-781 

Picot,  J.  B.  C,  1367 

Picqnet,  Charles,  534 

Piesse,  L.,  2431,   2738,  2820,    4025,  4351, 

4391,  4703 

,  — ,  and  H.  D.  de  Grammont,  4271 

Pietra  Santa,  Dr.  Prosper  de,  2185 

Pi^tri,  L'Abh^  de,  648 

Pifre,  A.,  3787,  3850 

Pignel,  Armand,  646,  666 

Pihan,  A.  P.,  1597e 

PUet,  Dr.  E.,  1747 

HUet,  Abbd,  4443 

Pingrenon,  F.  S.  J.,  2428 

Pionneau,  Abb^  E.,  2746 

Piscatory,  D^pat^  739 

Pissot,  A.  du,  21 

Pitois,  1134 

Pitot,  F.,  1152 

Pitts,  Joseph,  246,  302 

Planat  de  la  Faye,  N.  L.,  654,  655 

Planches,  Le  Metayer  des,  2619 

Planchon,  J.  E.,  3487 

Plasse,  A.,  1051 

Playfair,  Lieat.-Colonel  (Sir  Lambert),  2866, 

2976,  3163, 3164, 3196,3314,  3403,  3480- 

3482,  3542-3544,  3668-3670,  3751-3754, 

3838, 3933,  4035,  4048,  4095,  4173, 4174, 

4352-4354,  4373,  4432,  4433,  4522-4525, 

4634 
,  Sir  Lambert,  and  A.  Letoomenx, 

3161 
Pl^,  Ldon,  1717,  2629 
Pliny,  181 

Plympton,  G.  W.,  4594 
Poinssot,  J.,  4285,  4314 
Pointe,  Dr.  J.  P.,  665 
Poirel,  Jacq.  Franc,  637,  677,  929,  1068 
Poiret,  L'Abb^  J.  L.,  283 
Poirson,  482 
Poiasonier,  Alfred,  979 
Poitou-Duplcssy,  Dr.,  4197 
Poivre,  Aim^  2424 
Polignac,  Capt.  de,  2359 
Pollock,  Q.  D.,  3983 
Pomel,  A.,  3082,  3224,  3225,  3301-3303, 

3423,  3444,  3627,  3651, 3761,  3762,  3917, 

4094 

,  — i  et  J.  Ponyanne,  4181 

Pommier,  L.  Am.  V.,  1357 
Ponroy,  Arthur,  1428,  1607 
Pont,  Lieut.  Jnstin,  2842 
Pontier,  Major,  1756 
,  R.,  1474, 1849 


Poplimont,  1023 
Porille  et  Pelletier,  2300 
Portalupi,  Joseph,  3227 
Porter,  R.  F.,  712, 1218 
Postel,  Raoul,  4324 
Pothier,  Alfred,  1501 

,  A.  F.,  2599 

Poujol,  A.,  439 

Ponjoulat,  J.  Jos.  Fr.,  620,  1167,  1264 

Poule,  A.,  2301 

Poulle,  2436 

,  A.,   2381,  2944,  3088,  3355,  3535, 

3683,  3871,  4461 

-,  Emmanuel,  750,  868 


Pouton  d'Am^court,  L.  M.  de,  943 
Pouyanne,  3589,  3776 

,  J.,  et  A.  Pomel,  4181 

,  M.,  4603 

Pradier,  C^r,  1358 

,  Charles,  1597c 

,  John,  3595 

Prax,  M.,  1283, 1343,  1344, 1437, 1510, 1511 
Prdaux-Locr^,  Colonel,  490,  508,  1189,  1190, 

1244 
Pr^bois,  Fran9ois  Leblanc  de,  860a,  863-865, 

962,  1026,  1394,  2409,  3493 
Prcscott,  W.  H.,  1109 
Provost,  F.,  1293,  1373 
Prichard,  James  Cowles,  727a 
Primaudaie,  F.  Elie  de  la,  2311,  3459,  3502 
Procopius  of  Gesarea,  124 
Prus,  Madame,  1591 
Puaux,  Frank,  4074 
Pucheran,  1794 
Piickler-Muskau,     Hermann     Louis    Henri, 

Prince  de,  674 
Puilligny,  De,  3968 
Pulszky,  Francis,  1706 
Purchas,  Samuel,  82,  90 
Purdy,  John,  505 
Pussy,  Fouquean  de,  816a 
Pynacker,  Dr.  Cornells,  2439 

QUATBEBABDBS,  ThI^D.  DB,  467 

Quatrefages,  De,  2609 
Quatrem&re,  E.  Marc,  356,  357 
Quesn^  Jacques  Salbigoton,  328 
Quesnoy,  Dr.  F.,  1513,  3935,  4427 
Quetin,  1036,  1290 
Quihon,  M.,  3295 
Quinemant,  Jules,  3674 
Quinemart,  Jules,  3130 
Quintanillo,  Petri  de,  133 
Quirot,  M.,  4112 
Quitard,  921 
Quivi&res,  Marcotte  de,  1770 

Raasloff,  W.  de,  1096a 
Raban,  1354 
Rabourdin,  Lucien,  4121 
Rabusson,  A.,  1764,  1875 
Radau,  R.,  3275,  3385,  3904,  3905 
Raffeneau-Delile,  953 
Ragot,  Capitaine  W.,  3349 
Rimieau,  E.,  and  L.  Binel,  1055 
Randon,  Mar^chal,  1733,  1873 
Rane,  A.,  4341 


'  42G 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA. 


liang,  Sander,  el  Ferdinniid  Dcniri,  Sg9 

RuousMt-DoolboD,  Cmnl«  Gaituo  de,  1347 

Rapin  de  Thorraa,  P.  de,  230 

Knriliei.  Sergint-Uajor,  26T3 

Kuch,  a,  ST02 

Rntheuu,  38ST 

RanliD,  Victor,  4387(i 

Raricr,  M,  1751 

Ravoiiier,  Amsble.  1170 

Rawlim,  John,  73 

Raj-atd,  L'Abbd  GnilL  Th.,  353 

,  Pkal  Chandrn  d(,  492 

Rebmni^  I.,  2572 

Reboud,  Dr.  V.,  1822, 1907, 3045, 3177, 3420, 

3471,  3527-3539,  3683,  3886,  4280,  4283, 

4384,  4459 

, ,  and  A.  Goyt,  4037,  4038 

Reclui,  3397 

,  ElWe,  4485 

,  0.,  3908,  4484 

Hedon,  Engine  de,  4381 

Rellelini,  Cul,  343 

iUgit,  L,  3940 

Regnault,  F«lii,  4200 

Rehbinder,  J.  Ad.  Frhn.  von,  293 

Reinaeh,  J.,  C.  Richet,  iind  D.  Houdns,  4658 

fieinsud,  614,  1818,  1851.  1896.  1897,  2341 

Rellitab,  Lndnig  ran,  1165 

Rifmond  and  A.  Chnbosneaa,  33S0 

Rfmnut  and  R.  Pelliuier,  1133 

Remf,  Dr.,  4111 

Renan,  £..  3308 

Rennrd,  Dr.  Emeat,  4164 

Reoaud,  Geor^s,  4108,  4365,  4570,  4731 

,  JI.,  764 

Renandot,  404 

RenaQlt,  Engtnt,  603,  617 

Renier,  Won,  1533-1526,   1603,  1604,  1713, 

1783,  1955 
Rennell,  Major  Jatnri.  3<i9 
Rcnoa,  E.,  1056,  1369,  1370 
Rcnouard,  A.,  4034 
Benoult,  485 
Bnbacq,  Pontafna  de,  741 
Rtusi,  Dr.  L.  M.,  4234 
Rej,  A.,  856 

,  J.  A.,  2038 

Beyband,  Louie,  1453 
Rejoard,  583o 

,  J.,  3915 

Rejnaad,  £.  Feluiier  de.  1251 

,  Ber.  Ptoo,  1838 

ReynicT,  L.,  337 
Rialls,  Oinrd  de,  3603 
Biancey,  Chnriea  de,  1220 
Biboorg,  P.  Filii,  1976 
Ribourt,  P.,  2135 
RkbaH,  Abbi,  3973 

,  CipitainB  Ch.,  3327 

— — -,  Ch.,  1171,  1173,  1346-1348.  1452. 

1497,  149B,  3569 
Riehardaon.  Jamei,  1486 
Richet,  CbsrleN  4123 

,  D.  Hondas,  and  J.  Reinach,  4658 

_Ricoui,  Dr.  R.,  3394,  3900,  4249,  4J38,4387 
'  [JJamille,  2453,  2545 


Riun,  L.,  4049,  4334.  4408,  4540, 4681 
Riiler,  Mathien,  1193 
Riviire,  A.,  3901,  3059,  3138 

,  F„  3292-3294 

,  J.,  4198 

Rivolri,  Le  Cheralier  Saint  Hfpolito  de, : 
Robe,  Rngt^e,  1006,  1659,  2065,  20S5,  3: 

3081 
Robert,  C,  3693,  3694 

,— ,  and  J.  St.  Lager,  1868 

Houdin,  J.  Eug.,  1982 

Roberta,  A.,  193 
RnbertHia,  Dr.  William,  325 
Robin,   S.,  8021,  3323,  3324. 

3504,  3621,  4050,  4320,  4389 
I'obiDean  de  Bongon,  536,  633,  730 
Rflbinet  de  Clerjr,  3300 
Bobinaon,  Henry,  109 

,  Richard,  and  Thomiu  3w««,  Ul' 

Robiou  de  la  Trehonnaie,  3787,  310S 

RoMa,2B38 

Rochaid,  Alph.,  4659,  4713 

Rochiird  DaFidah,  Conile,  4503 

Roche  de  Cwt«,  U.  de  U,  4472 

Roche,  J.,  3946 

Rochefoncanlt  Linnconrt,  Marqui  d«  b,l 

Rocbet,  I.«DD.  4359,  4364 

RocqneTiUe,  Sienr  da,  166. 183 

Kodenborg,  C.  M.  de  Jong  van,  2981 

Rodei,  Ev»que  de,  820 

Rodriquei,   H.,    and    E.    L.   J. 

731 
Rdhe,  Cbailea,  1003 
Roftelini,  Ch.,  231 
Roger,  Colin,  374e 

,  J.,  2243,  2045,  3357 

Rogars,  Mn.  G.  A.,  2638 

Bogoiat,  Vicomt*  Jos.,  859,  860  * 

Bohlft,  Gerhard,  3547, 3548, 3753-2755, 3759, 

3006,  3373,3557,  3644,  3645,3674,4314, 

4545,  4585 
Roi,  E.,  1761 
Roland  de  Buasj,  Th.,  3048 

,  O..  4199,  4200 

Ralland,  G.,  389B,  3897,  4032,  4301,  4586, 

4638.  4730 
Roller,  T.,  4557 
Rollet.T.,  4620 
Romonet,  Barojr  de,  3346 
RooaniBlen,  A.  de,  3346,  2998 
Roqaette,  Da  Poreide  la,  2443 
RoKoe,  ThomB«,  832 
,  3200 


Roien,  Q.  T< 


,975 


1345 

RoMDKald,  1633 

RoiDj.  Uon  de,  1863,  1942,  2030 

Roiaetty,  1021 

Roaeil^re,  861 

RouignoLJ.,  1911 

BoUlier,  CI.  de,  833,  903 

,  VicomteCb.  de,  1009, 1116 

Ronard  de  Card,  B.,  4055,  405« 
Ronbiirc,  Henry,  1306 

,  L, 4244 

Boucher,  C,  3740 

Roadaire,  Command-int,  4082, 4307    j 


IHDEZOE  ADTHOBS.' 


427 


BoiuUin,  £,  3368,  3369,  3U0, 3U1,  3607, 

3649,3650 
BoDln,  Dr.,  4303 
Eoni«,  Dr.  J„  2253 
BooMMU,  Alp}ioD»,91S,  930,  1t47 

Bouucl,  Ch.,  34L6,  3472,  3473,  3375 

BowmC  2192 

,  CMDillc,  3806,  4388,  4«4S-«649 

,  C.  F  M^  3906 

Koaviere,  1332 
RoQvre,  L.,  27+1 
Roui,  A.  C„  401S 

,  Daniel,  20J8 

Roiud«rJal7, 1660 
Boy,  4599 

,  E.,  2073 

,  J.  J.  B.,  1767, 1768 

,  L,  1817 

,  U.  I«,  255 

Roiet,  454<,  &09,  4267 

,  Capitaine  C  A.,  514,  S15 

.t  Cw.tM,  CpiUiiio.  U73 

BoMj-,  A.  0.,3I5,  816,  840,  Wl,  850,  1014 

BabitsCl- Aiit^4B9-501 

KnidnretB,  Pedro,  1765 

Bumi^y,  G^u-^ril  H.  Th^ora,  Comt«  dc, 

925,  926,  1531 
BuMfU,  M.,  368 

,  WiUiam,  2529 

RuTttr,  M.  At  de,  140 
Bjnukir,  Di.,  120 

SutATEBT,  At  2704 

Sitwtia,  3554,  8801 

.A.,  4463 

,  Ounille,  4057,  4304,  4305 

,M.,  4116-4118 


',  J-.  « 


033 


Sacy.Sylieitre  de,  293,  734 
Ssgot  (de  NaaUllj),  1444 
St.  All»i8,Vitonds,ll37 

—  Anunt,  De,  2388,  9743 

;Viidrf,lBan  Boii,e91a  ■     " 

—  Atnaad,  Mnrechnl  de,  1763 

—  Aagiutliie,  184 

—  Denii,  Baroa  Jacheresn  it,  459, 460, 757(i 

—  F»lii,  Reaide,  3818 

—  Genii,  Flonr  de,  968j 

—  Goilbcm,  E.  Delpecb  de,  1257 

—  HlUire,  AmibU  Viljun  de,  1337 

—  -Hi!ains,Et.  Geoffroj,  801 

Hjpolite,  Comdt.,  BiJOa,  990,  891 

—  Jov^  ADtooia  de,  98 

—  Uger,  Julien,  3134 

,J.,aiidE.  Robert,  1869 

,  T.  E.  A.  Joillet,  3039 

—  Macaiie,  Charalier  de,  1229 
Hare,  Giiudis,  938,  959 

—  Marie,  Conn t,  1169 

—  UartiD,  J.  A.,  359 

,  ViTiBD  de,  2450,  2451,  3820 

—  Msnr,  DapTi  de,  et  Vignier,  3846 
,  J,  de,  2744 

—  ViDMOt,  Bm7  d«,  IIM 


St-Yvet,  0.,  4587 

Sniate-KUrie,  E.  de,  SeW,  3676 

Saiate-Phallc.  Comte  £.  de,  4640 

Sail,  George  Augnitut,  2696,  2697 

Snladin,  Hubert.  715 

Stdunj,  A.,  330 

6<a>ur,  Pedro,  33 

Salle,  Euiibe  de,  502 

Sallut,  353 

Salvador  Daniel,  Fco.,  3826 

Salnire,  YiVii,  702 

Salvator,  Daniel,  3469,  2470,  2739 

Sambiic  Th.,  3376 

Snndoral,  C.  X.  de,  1666,  3594,  2810 

Sanguinetti,  Dr.  B.  R.,  1686 

Sanqualre-Sgulignf,  832<i 

SaniDD,  Nicolu,  122,  129 

Suit'  Anbio,  CaT.  dl,  3349,  2350 

SantiTile,  Ct.  U.  de,  169S,  1686, 1736, 1737 

Sareos,  Champaohet  de,  3734 

Sarlande,  2048 

Sarrii,  Aymnndc  GinEeni-La,  2145 

SaiTOt, Certnnin,  7!B6 

Sartor,  J.,  2947,  2948 

Sandiiiee,  H.  de.  1675 

Snurin,  A.,  3576 

SaolByra,  E„  2U77  4383 

et  Cherbonneaa,  3311 
Saaiaie,  Augier  la,  425 
SaTSrj,  866 
Saville,  Dr.  T.D.,4512 
Say,  UuU.  4014,  4505 
Schelehate,  D.  Emm.  A..,  170 
Soblichthori,  Hennanii,  282 
Schloeier,  August  Lndwig  TOO,  274 

Schmiti,  J.  P.,  IGO.'.  ; 
Schneider,  C,  3350 

,  Dr.  0.,  and  Dr.  Hau,  3746 

,  Otto.  2984 

Scholi,  0.,  4303 

Schnmm,  2073 

Schuli,  F.  £.,  354 

Schwari,  Dr.  Bemhaid,  3994,  3995,  4202 

SchwnripnWrg.  K.  voa,  680 

Scott,  Coloocl,  074 

Scoutetten,  R.  J.  H.,  1966 

Scylai,  200 

SeatoD,  W.  J.,  3578 

StfbaUiilt,  940,  1155 

,  Colon,  1397 

Sediliot,  Dr.  Ch.  Emm.,  755,  759 

SeguiD,  Mill  L.  0.,  3720,4058 

Seiff,  J.,  3351 

Sdgnette,  N'apolton,  2519,  3784 

Semallt^Ren^dcSlie 

Senhaui,  HeDllde,31S3 

Seran  de  la  Tour,  L  Abbd,  248 

SeTiiat,  Dr.,  2343,  3847 

SeriiJat,  Dr.,  iS6»,  3942,  4694 

Seror,  Unyn.  3083 

Sarre,  Lonii,  3386 

Senore,  £.,  et  W.  Vvld,  517 

Settler,  S.,  4494 

Seveatre,  H.,  3384 

S«w«l  WilUm,  219 

ShnUr,  William,  344,  853 


428                                       A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  ALGERIA.                    ^^^^^^^ 

Shaw,  Thocuu,  247  ' 

Shipiwn,  E.,  SB9e,  S9B8.  iaW. 

Tallier,  H^  4031                                 ^^^H 

Teiulcr,  Oct.,  S621,  2Q23                      ^^^| 

Sibonr,  Abb^  1057,  105S 

Tellier,  J.,  3789                                    ^^^M 

SicotUrc,  M,  de  In,  341T 

Temple,  Sir  Grtnrille,  G03,  7SS,  82ta  ^^^1 

Sidi-AJdJin,  lldl 

, ,    nnd     B«.     ^^H 

Hsmdnn  Bin  Othmni.  Khnjii.  :.28 

Wright,  831                                           ^^^H 

-Kh»Iil,  19*6 

Terver,                                                    ^^H 

Signol.  NieolM  et  Lacaze,  Drs..  M48 

Terwange,  Lonis,  2254                           ^^H 

Simon,  Fridiric,  3109 

TesMreac  de  Bor^  L.,  4453                    ^^H 

,  M.,  und  I-  Beque(,  4247 

Tewier,  0.,  3533,  3534                                ^^H 

,  Victor,  348 

Te^tot,  L.,  3950                                            ^^H 

Simonott,  P.,  1004 

Thamner,  E.,  3254                                     ^^^M 

Siimondi,  J.  C.  L.  d«,  390 

Thitrenot,  A.,  763                      -.^^^^^^M 

Sividier,  A.  U.  A^  and  Philippe  Buuu^,  2731 

Thiband,  2191  -j^^^^^^H 
,  Emile,  408              ^^^^^^^| 

Slasf,  L«  Baran  de,  114^ 

,  M.cG.  d^  Mid  C.  Gabora.  2876 

Thierrl,  Roinart,  314             ^^^^^^H 

Smith,  Admiral  Sir  Sidney,  S13,  313 

Thierry,  Ferdinand,                  l^^^^^^H 

,  CpMin  J.,  85 

Uieg,  Ch.,  3337,  2W7aSil^^^M 

,  CharlM,  aSB 

Thlero,  H.  Laoze  du,  2573                 ^^^H 

Smyth,  Rear-Admiral  W.  H.,  1707 

Thomas,  A.,  4046                                 .^^H 

Snider-PelleBrinl,  A^  1906 

,  — .  and  P.  HelOericfa.  2160     -^^H 

Snoilsky,  Carl  Grthn,  3959 

,  Colonel  Victor,  160«                 ^^^H 

,  GrefTinni  K,  3980 

,  aiaini,  30S5 

,  Pli.,  3512,  3617,  3713-3715,  3738. 

SolnUet,  Pan],  3378,.34B2-346fl,  3599,  3713 

3740,  38S2,  3863,  4169, 4330 

, ,  Chciij  rt  Col.  Flattery  3973 

,  v.,  1314 

Solipiac,  Arownd  it,  2*55,  4549 

Solm.,  M.  d*,  et  Princ  E.  de  B«mhio,  1338, 

Thomson,  Arnold,  3636                          ^^^^^| 

1339 

Thou,  J.  A.  de,  326                                     ^^^| 

SolTpt,  Charles,  872.  733,  783,  1213 

Thrige,S.B.,4196  fl^H 
ThuilUer,  EmiU,  3334                           ^^H 

Sorgiano,  Bithy  de,  765 

SonbiranDe,  Ugr.,  2771 

Tbniloe,  John,  351 

Soyer-WiUemet,  1553 

Tindiil,  N.,  360 

SpraggB,  Sir  Edward,  157 

Tipton,  John,  38 

Spratt,  Capt.  T.  A.  B.,  2fllfi 

TIrman,    Louis,    4034,    4172,    4248,   U2iJ^ 

Sucbe,  Q,  3445 

4321                                                               ^^_ 

Str»bo,.300,  1029,  1713 

Tisserand,  P.,  4348                                 ^^H 

Tixot,  3174                                            ^^^1 

Strauu,Ch^  3364.  3365 

,  J.,  4086                                           ^^^M 

Staokl^  Henri,  2541 

Tocchi,  a,  381                                       ^^^H 

Tollot,  Le  SieuT,  250                                 ^^^^1 

Subtil,  Eug.,  1000 

Tombarel,  A.,  1775                                ^^^M 

Suobtt,  Abbe,  874,  3271 

Topin,  M.,  et  Dr.  P.  Jacqnot,  1437       ^^^H 

Soe,  Engtno,  1676 

Tupinard,  3077                                     ..^^H 

Somnsr,  Hon.  Chirlefc  Ifi.'S  ■" 

,  Dr.,  and  Gen.  Faidberba,  SM^^^H 

Sundelin,  H.,  3718,  .1861,  39.17 

,  Dr.  Paal,  3392,  339S,  431 1  ^^^^1 

Snaini,  De,  44G 

Tonnan,  Louis,  4743                                  ^^^^H 

Sweet,     Thonias,     and     Bicbanl    Robinson, 

Touchard  et  Lacutc,  2303                   .^^^M 

118 

Tnuffuit  de  U  Baenerair,  Ftlii,  74»      ]^^^U 

Sylvester.  M.  F.  A..  104 

Tounii,  A.,  4397                                       *^^^^^l 

TaOOMHet,  M„  4480 

Touiet,  Julea,  1878                               .       ^^^H 

Taitlefer,  Otvald,  3327a 

Trabut,  L.,  3829                                     ^^H 

Talbot  de  MaUhid«,  Lord,  4145 

Trapani,  Domingo  Giari,  430                  ^^^H 

Talliehel,  866 

Trapenard,  Dr.  Gilbert,  336i>                   ^^^M 

Taidiea,  Ambroie,  4650 

Trayeni,  Julian  Giiles,  .143                      .^^^M 

Tarry,  H.,  4303,  4204: 

TarianowBki,  2869 

TreilU,  Dr.  A.,  3D38                              ^^^M 

TaBsini,  M.,  2077 

Trello,  8806                                                  ^^^M 

TnopUc,  3067 

Tripier,  Dr.,  697                                       ^^H 

,  C,  3332 

Tri.tram,  Rer.  H.  B.,  3181,  2163,  317$,  ^^H 

Taniki,  Capitaiee,  STTo 

Triiier  et  Delamotte,  3830                            ^^M 

Tauiier,  H.,  3404,  2492,  2722,  2930,  0957, 

Trollard,  M.  E.,  4030                                J^H 

4208,  4349,  4394,  4539 

Trolliet,   Dr.   L    F.,    627,  628,   644,  i^^M 

,  Lt  3633 

^^H 

Taylor,  Tom,  and  C.  R.  I*>li«,  2012 

Trottier,  M.,  2078,  2979,  3208                  ^^M 

INDEX  01 

Trnmelet,  C^  2459,  3436,  3624,  3625,  3860, 

3923,  3990,  4443, 4465,  4633 
Tnpier,  Dr.,  767 
Turrel,  Dr.  L,  2605 

Underbill,  Dr.  U.,  291 
Urbain,  Ismael,  1076, 1313,  1380 
Urqnhart,  David,  1028 
Urtis,  941,  942 
Ujllagon,  Sir  Nycolas,  5 

Yachebot,  Abs^ne,  2962,  2963 

Vaillant,  Colonel,  608 

,  Martchal,  1731,  1732,  1759,  1966, 

1967 
Valbcrt,  4005 

,  G.,  4261 

Valentinois,  733 

Valette,  V.,  4052 

Vallance,  H.  W.,  3768 

Yallary,  Louise  (Hdme.  Mesnier),  2382 

Vallier,  J.,  2373 

Valmj,  Due  de,  906 

Valorj,  Marquis  de,  440 

Van  der  Bruch,  Em.  Loais,  997 

Vantibanlt,  T.  P.  Gazean  de,  3810 

Yarin,  Paul,  2328 

Yatonne,  2687 

et  G^n^ral  De«  Yaux,  1960 

Yatoni,  D^put^,  1001 

Yantibault,  Gazean  de,  4071 

Yanz,  G^^ral  Des,  et  Yatonne,  1960 

Yanxier,  H.  H.,  1867 

Yajnea  yan  Brakel,  H.  J.  L.  T.  de,  3047 

Yaysettes,  H.,  2034,  2035,  2302,  2493,  2647, 

2809 
Yeeren,  F.  £.  L.,  4604 
Yereker,  Hon.  Colonel  C.  S.,  3098 
Yerg^,  Ch.,  1079a 
Yerger,  Albert,  2429 
Yerne,  Henri,  2992 
Yemes  d'Arlandes,  Th.,  3989 
Yemenil,  De,  and  J.  Bngnot,  3016 
Yemonz,  H.  Milhot  de.  938 
Yeth,   Pro£  P.  J.,  and   Dr.    C.    M.    Kan, 

3526 
Yeoillot,  Lonis,  1024, 1088 
Yeyran,  L.  de,  4456 
Yialar,  Baron  de,  614,  615,  1182,  120G 
Yian,  Lonis,  2465  * 
Tiardot,  Lonis,  498 

Victor,  Bishop  of  Yita  or  Utica,  52,  53 
^ienssenx,  J.,  341 
^igneral,  Capitaine  C.  de,  2791 
-,  Ch.  de,  2839 


INDEX  OP  AUTHORS. 


429* 


^ignon,  Lonis,  4630 

"^igny,  Alfred  de,  465 1 

Siguier  et  Dnpr^  de  St.  Manr,  2946 

^ilbart,  J.,  3825 

^Ubort,  J.,  3469 

^illaciosse.  A.,  3389 

^ille,  L.,  1582, 1987,  2118, 2471,  2543, 2630, 

2688,  2783,  2867,  2987,  2988,  3103,  3226, 

3412,  3586,  3587 
^illefosse,  A.  H^on  de,  3525,  3894,  4087, 

4393,  4664 
,  R.  P.  H^ron  de,  142 


Yillegagnon,  or    Yilleagnon,  Xic.    Durand,. 

Chevalier  de,  3-6 
Yillot,  3585 

,  Capitaine,  3012,  3176,  3446 

Yillotte,  Le  P^re  Jacque,  228 
Yilmont,  H.,  1236 
Yincent,  394 

,  B.,  961 

,  Dr.,  2408' 

,  Dr.  M.  A.,  and   Dr.  V,   Collardot,. 

2814  r 

-,  M.  E.,  3700 


YinchoD,  Baron  de,  819 

Vinet,  J.,  2982 

Yiro,  1099 

Yital,  Dr.  A.,  3076,  3922 

Yivarez,  Mario,  4740 

Yizetelly,  E.  H.,  3255,  3276,  3297,  3298- 

Vogt,  C,  3964.  3965 

Voiart,  Anne  E.  E.  Petit-Pain,  372 

Voisin,  Dr.  J.  C,  922 

,  G.,  2324 

Volant,  Baron,  463 
Yolland,  Baron,  618 
VoUard,  478 
Yonlx,  A.  de,  1831 

Wachtmeisteb,  Comte  H.,  3890 

Wagner,  Dr.  Moritz,  898 

Wahl,  Maurice,  4077,  4092,  4706,^707 

* et  Moliner-Violle,  3730 

Wahu,  Dr.,  2140,  2141,  2516 
Waille,  Marial,  4278 

,  Victor,  4073,  4245,  4378 

Walckenaer,  Baron  Ch.,  351,  748 
Walewski,  Le  Comte  Alex.  F.  J.  C,  7u9 
Walmsley,  H.  M.,  1981 
Walsh,  R.,  350 
Walsin-Esterhazy,  Colonel,  850 

,  Gdn^ral,  1423 

Warden,  656 

Wamery,  Dr.  A.  H.,  1300 

Wamier,  Dr.,  3330 

' ,  — ,  and  Jules  Duval,  2825 

■     ,  — ,  et  Ant.  E.  H.  Carette,  1035 

,  Dr.  A.,  3074,  3108 

-,  et  Jules  Duval,  2945 


2672 


-,  Dr.  A.  H.,  1303,  1361,  2508,  2523, 


Watbled,  E.,  2597,  3022,  3168,  3228,  33JC-' 
3328,  3659,  3886 

et  Monnerau,  3148 

Wattenwyl,  E.  Moriz  von,  3628 
Weber,  M.  Freiherr  von,  1727 
Weidemann,  Fr.  u.  Werner,  908 
Weisgerber,  H.,  4646 
Westerlund,  C.  A.,  4627 
Westei-veller,  3870 
Weyde,  P.  H.  van  der,  4593 
Weyl,  J.,  4636 
Wild,  R.  T.,  1588 
Wilmanns,  3636 

,  Gustavus,  3962 

Wimpflfen,  G^n6ral  de,  3215 
Windham,  W.  G.,  2183 
Wingfield,  Hon.  Louis,  2824 
Wolff,  G^n^ral,  3184,  3640 


430 


A  BIBUOORAPflT  OF  AL6EBLL 


Wood,  Sir  Riduud,  3724 
Wonnsy  802, 1163 


-f  JjTt  M.,  968 


Wright,  John,  1587, 1729 
Wjld,  W^  et  E.  SessoK,  517 

XiVBET,  Jules  Beboer  de,  772 

Tahosei,  Jeav,  1059 
Tonge,  C.  D.,  2494 
Yrert,  Eng.,  897 


(  Tret,  GaTot,  4420 
7Ton-yiUarGMa  et  FaW,  3655 

Zaoooxb,  J.,  2635 

Zarala,  Don  Frmndioo,  4481 

Zeebont,  Ambroisc,  18 

Zejs,  C.  E^  and  E.  D.  Lorral,  3470 

,  E^  4417,  4418, 4533 

Zittel,  E.  E.,  4308 
Zaber,  1613, 1694 
Zorcher  and  MargolU,  3091 


ON  THE 


MEASUKEMENT  OF  HEIGHTS 


BY  THE  BAROMETER. 


By'  JOHN  BALL,  F.R.S.,  Etc. 


TOi.  n.  ;  2  r 


ON  THE 

MEASUREMENT  OF  HEIGHTS 

BY    THE    BAROMETER. 

By  John  Ball,  p.b.s.,  etc. 

Fob  a  knowledge  of  the  form  of  the  earth's  crust  we  are  yet  mainly 
dependent  on  barometric  observations.  Travellers  can  rarely  employ 
any  other  means  for  the  measurement  of  heights ;  their  results  frequently 
depend  upon  a  single  observation ;  and  it  is  often  impossible  for  them 
to  obtain  a  simultaneous  record  of  instruments  placed  at  the  higher  and 
lower  stations,  whose  relative  height  is  to  be  ascertained. 

It  is  well  known  that  the  results  deduced  from  barometric  observa- 
tions by  travellers,  even  those  carefully  made  with  good  instruments, 
are  subject  to  wide  limits  of  error,  and  it  has  appeared  to  me  that  it 
might  be  useful  to  investigate  some  points  conijieoted  with  the  subject 
with  a  view  to  ascertain  the  best  means  for  improving  the  practical 
application  of  this  indispensable  instrument. 

The  theory  of  the  subject  has  been  discussed  by  many  eminent 
physicists^  especially  by  Laplace,  Ivory,  Gauss,  and  Bessel,  who  have 
each  proposed  formulse  by  which  the  difiference  of  the  heights  of  two 
stations  is  to  be  deduced  from  observations  of  the  barometer  with  its 
attached  thermometer,  the  temperature  of  the  air,  ascertained  by  a 
properly  screened  thermometer,  and  the  amount  of  aqueous  vapour, 
ascertained  by  the  wet-bulb  thermometer.  More  recenUy  the  subject 
has  been  farther  investigated  by  other  writers  in  various  publications, 
of  which  the  more  important  are  herein  farther  referred  to. 

The  main  difficulty  encountered  in  all  these  investigations  has  been 
that  of  ascertaining  the  temperature  of  the  mass  of  air  intervening 
between  the  higher  and  lower  stations.  If  these  be  not  too  far  apart 
it  is  commonly  assumed  that  the  problem  to  be  solved  is  reduced  to  that 
of  foding  the  height  of  a  column  of  air  whose  weight  can  be  ascertained 
with  great  accuracy,  and  containing  a  proportion  of  aqueous  vapour 
whose  amount  can  be  calculated  with  sufficient  correctness.  The  ordinary 
assumption,  recommended  by  its  simplicity  rather  than  by  ezperimentid 
verification,  is  that  the  temperature  of  the  column  is  the  arithmetical 
mean  between  the  temperatures  observed  at  the  upper  and  lower  stations 

2  T  2 


43i 


OS  THE  MEASUREMENT  OF  HEIGHTS 


respectively;  and  thiH  assniaption  is  embodied  in  most  of  the  formnlra 
adopted  for  the  reduction  of  barometric  observaliona. 

It  speedily  became  apparent  to  practiciil  observers  that  this  as- 
Enmption  ia  commonly  erroneous,  and  that  the  amount  of  error  induced 
in  the  final  result  is  more  considerablo  than  any  arising  from  defects 
in  the  instruments,  or  imperfection  in  the  rocords  of  observation. 

The  first  who  attempted  to  in-veatigato  the  subject  systematically 
waeBamond.*    In  the  course  of  his  explorations  and  prolonged  residence 
in  the  Pyrenees  he  was  struok  by  the  fact  that  observations  at  different 
hours  of  the  day  gave  widely  different  results,  those  made  at,  or  soon 
after,  midday  giving  heights  coi^iderably  greater  than  those  obtained    ■ 
from  morning  or  evening  observations.     Misled  by  Ihe  accident  that  an 
error  in  the  formula  of  Laplace,  published  in  the  '  Mecanique  Celeste,' 
pretty  nearly  compensated  the  error  resulting  from  assuming  too  high  a    ' 
mean  temperature  for  the  air  between  the  two  stations,  Bamond  made  th&   - 
mistake  of  believing  that  the  midday  observations  are  those  that  give 
the  most  accurate  results.     Bamond  attributed  the  chief  cause  of  the 
discrepancies  between  the  results  of  observations  at  different  bonre  to 
ascending  and  descending    currents   in   the    atmosphere    in  mountain 
countries,  and  although  ho  recognised  in  general  terms  the  predominant 
influoDCe  of  variations  of  temperature  on  the  results    of    comparative 
observations,  ho  does  not  appear  to  have  attributed  their  due  importance 
to  the  heating  of  the  earth's  surface  by  radiation  from  the  sun,  and  the 
cooling  hy  radiation  to  the  sky,  which  unduly  raise  or  depress  the  thcr- 
mometer  observed  near  the  surface.     While  the  latter  subject  has  almost  -^ 
exclusively  occupied  the  attention  of  modem  writers,  the  former  soarce 
of  error,_  insisted  on  by  Romond,  has  not,  in  my  opinion,  been  as  yct.^ 
sufficiently  investigated. 

In  1819  Tictet  t  called  attention  to  the  great  differences  found  it^ 
the  comparative  observations  of  the  barometer  made  in  summer  and. 
winter  at  Gioaeva  and  the  great  St.  Bernard,  arising,  as  he  rightly 
suggested,  from  the  greater  weight  of  the  air  at  a  low  temperature— 
He  found  that  in  January  the  mean  height  of  the  barometer  at  th« 
Observatory  at  Geneva  was  greater    than  that   at    the  St.  Bernard  by- 
75*  38  lines  (Paris  measure)  at  sunrise,  and  by  75- 12  lines  at  2  p.m„  while 
in  July  the  differences  of  the  mean  height  at  the  same  hours  were 
respectively  only  72-02  and  70'00  lines.      These  facts   suggested  ai^^ 
inquiry  into  the  effects  of  the  season  and  the  hour  on  the  determinatioc^^ 
of  heights  by  means  of  the  barometer. 

In  1827,  Belli, J  of  Turin,  published  a  paper,  which  seems  to  hav^^ 

*  Of  RnmoDU'd  numeroua  memoirs,  published  Jti  the  'M^moirea  do  I'lnititDt '  bci" 
tweon  Ibo  years  1S06  anil  ISIS,  the  most  iaterestiug  is  tbat  contained  in  the  volume  bv 
180G,  2iid  senieEtro,  pp.  1  ct  acq. 

t  '  BibliotLKque  UBiveiBelle.'  of  Geneva,  vol.  x.  p,  19. 

\  BragOBlcUi, '  Memorie  di  Fiaico,'  Deoas  2,  vol.  n.  pp.  467  tt  itq. 


1 


BY  THE  BAROMETER.  485 

heen  overlooked  by  subsequent  writers,  wherein  he  entered  upon  a  line 
of  investigation  which  has  been  followed  by  recent  inquirers,  especially 
by  Bauemfeind  and  Biihlmann.  Taking  comparative  observations  for 
twenty-four  successive  days  at  the  Great  St.  Bernard,  and  at  the  Turin 
Observatory,  published  by  Daubuisson,  he  found  that  the  difference  of 
height  of  the  two  stations  deduced  from  observations  varied  considerably 
«<XM>rding  to  the  hour  selected.  On  the  mean  of  observations  at  8  a.m., 
the  difference  of  height  was  2196  metres;  at  noon,  2222  metres;  at 
4  p.m.,  2212  metres. 

In  this  and  another  similar  case  examined  by  Belli  it  appeared  to 
him  that  the  chief,  if  not  the  only,  cause  of  the  discrepancy  arose  from 
the  fact  that  the  mean  temperature  of  the  stratum  of  air  intervening 
between  the  two  stations  during  the  hotter  hours  is  not  so  great  as  the 
arithmetical  mean  of  the  thermometric  observations  recorded  at  each  of 
them.  It  occurred  to  Belli  that,  by  taking  observations  for  an  entire 
year,  the  discrepancies  in  barometric  observations  arising  from  causes 
other  than  changes  of  temperature,  which  he  termed  accidental  variations, 
would  be  compensated,  and  might  be  disregarded,  and  that  the  true 
mean  temperature  of  the  stratum  of  air  intervening  between  two 
stations,  the  difference  of  whose  height  is  known,  may  be  inferred  from 
the  ordinary  barometric  formula  by  treating  the  temperature  instead  of 
the  height  as  the  quantity  to  be  determined.  On  this  supposition 
he  proceeded  to  calculate  the  mean  temperature  of  the  air  between 
Geneva  and  the  St.  Bernard  from  the  observations  made  at  sunrise  and 
at  2  p.m.  for  the  year  from  Februry  1824  to  Januaiy  1825.  The  general 
result  deduced  from  this  investigation  was  that  the  mean  temperature 
of  the  air  is  but  slightly  affected  by  the  hourly  variations  which  arise 
from  the  heating  or  cooling  of  the  air  close  to  the  surface  at  the  place 
of  observation.  This  conclusion,  which  has  been  also  enforced  by 
Biihlmann  and  others,  is  doubtless  to  a  great  extent  correct ;  but  it 
appears  to  me  that  the  reasoning  on  which  it  is  founded  is  much  open  to 
question  for  reasons  that  may  here  be  stated. 

In  investigating  the  problem  of  the  relation  between  the  pressure  of 
the  air  at  a  spot  above  the  earth's  surface,  as  shown  by  the  barometer, 
and  its  temperature  and  hygrometic  condition,  physicists  have  assumed 
that  the  air  is  a  fluid  at  rest,  or,  at  least,  that,  if  in  motion,  the  vertical 
component  of  the  path  of  each  particle  is  so  slight  that  it  may  be 
neglected.  But  it  appears  to  me  that  this  assumption  is  not  correct 
in  regard  to  mountain  observations,  especially  when  we  compare 
observations  made  in  the  plain  with  those  made  at  stations  in  an 
adjoining  region  where  great  masses  are  raised  to  a  considerable  height. 
It  might  be  argued  that  the  effects  of  those  wider  disturbances  known 
as  cyclones  or  anticyclones,  and  those  of  variable  winds  prevailing  over 
wide  areas,  neutralise  eaoh  other  when  we  take  long  periods  of  one  or 
several  years,  although  this  is  by  no  means  certain ;  but  the  effect  on 


186 


ON  THE  MEASITREMEST  OF  HEIGHTS 


10   OthOT^^^^ 


the  barometer  of  the  periodic  movements  which  she 
ascending  currents  duriiig  the  warm  seasons  and  hours,  and  descending 
currentB  at  opposite  periods,  are  elements  the  amount  of  which  it  seoms 
impossible  to  determine,  but  which  must  affect  the  results  investigated 
by  Belli  and  his  modem  followers.  I  find  various  indications  that  the 
amount  of  disturbance  from  this  source  is  not  inconsiderable.  In  the 
article  referred  to  above,  Pictet  points  out  that  the  bai-ometer  at  Geneva, 
on  the  mean  of  monthly  observations,  was  always  lower  at  2  p.m.  than  at 
sunrise,  the  difference  in  July  being  veiy  nearly  1  Paris  line ;  whilst  at 
the  St.  Bernard  the  obserTatioDB  at  the  wtirm  hour  show  a  somewbaiii 
higher  barometer  than  those  at  sunrise. 

The  objectioDB  which  may  be  made  to  the  conclusion  here  di 
apply  mth  especial  force  to  cases  where  the  comparison  is  made  betweed 
BtaliouB  so  distant  as  Geneva  and  the  Great  St.  Bernard, 
60  miles  apart  in  a  straight  line,  and  divided  by  considerable  monntai 
masses.      It  is  unfortunate  that,  owing  to  tho  existence  of  no  oth^. 
eontinnons    series    of   observations  covering  a  long  period,  sui 
writers  have  expended  much  labour  on  comparisons  which  oould 
no  satisfactory  result. 

M.  Plantamoar,  the  late  Director  of  the  Geneva  Observatory,  de- 
voted much  attention  to  this  subject,  and  discussed  it  in  various  papeis, 
the  more  important  of  which  are  enumerated  in  tho  note."  Following 
the  example  of  Belli,  and  baaing  his  investigation  on  tho  results  of  ten 
years'  coapaiative  observations  at  Geneva  and  tho  Great  SL  Bernard, 
in  the  first  of  the  papora  referred  to  M.  Plantamour  calculated  tho  mean 
tomperaturo  of  the  air  between  those  btations  on  tho  assumption  that 
Iho  differenoo  between  the  result  obtained  from  ihe  barometric  formuhi 
and  tho  true  interval  of  height  between  the  two  stations  was  in  each 
citse  due  to  the  difference  between  the  true  mean  temperature  and 
tho  semi 'Sum  of  the  observed  temperatures.  In  this  calculation, 
M.  Plantamour  substituted  for  Laplace's  formula  a  modification 
of  Bessel's  formula,  which  is  certainly  moro  nearly  correct,  and 
appended  hypsometric  tables  based  upon  the  new  formula.  Com- 
paring the  mean  temperatures  observed  at  intervals  of  two  hours' 
duration  each  month  with  the  true  temperature  of  the  intervening  air 
as  calculated,  M.  Plantamour  framed  a  table  of  correctious  to  be  applied' 
to  the  barometric  formula  for  intervals  of  two  hours  during  each  moatll. 
In  a  Bubseciuent  paper  this  table  of  horary  corrections  was  eiJiibitod  in 
the  form  of  a  decimal  coefBciont,  which,  when  multiplied  by  the  differ- 
ence of  height  derived  from  tho  barometric  formula,  would  give  tho 
positive  or  negative  correction  for  the  result  of  barometric  obseivatiaus. 

Soon  after  the  completion  of  this    laborious  task,  M,  Plantamour, 

•  'Mtooires  de  b  Soci^ltf  de  PbjBlqiie,  &e.,  da  QcnfeTe,'  1654,  pp.  1-72.     'Biblkr- 
theqne  UuiTeraalle,  AxcU»es  dea  Sciences  Pljyuiquts,"  xivii.  (1855)  pp.  177-99. 
(.  ti855)  PP..B7-110,  and  siii.  (18(i2). 


Bas»^^H 


BT  THE  BABOHETEB.  437 

with  the  aaeifltanoe  of  M.  Buriner,  carried  out  a  very  oarefal  measore- 
menty  by  means  of  leyelling  between  Gtoneya  and  the  Great  St.  Bernard, 
&0m  which  it  appeared  that  the  difference  between  the  height  above 
the  eea  of  those  stations  previonsly  dednced  by  him  from  the  barometric 
observations — ^2066  metres — ^was  less  than  the  true  difference  by  4*34 
metres*  It  also  became  apparent  that  the  barometric  observations  at 
both  stations,  daring  at  least  some  portion  of  the  period  serving  for 
Dalcnlation,  were  subject  to  correctionB  which  had  not  been  fully 
applied.  The  result  of  these  fetcts  is  to  seriously  impair  the  accuracy 
^f  the  tables  previously  published. 

About  the  same  period,  Lieut.  Benny,  B.E.,  communicated  to  the 
Etoyal  Irish  Academy  several  papers,*  which  have  not  obtained  the 
attention  to  which  they  are  entitled.  In  the  first  paper,  dated  January 
1854^  the  author  correctly  x)ointed  out  the  defects  of  Laplace's  formula, 
urising  from  the  &ct  that  the  mode  adopted  for  correcting  the  error 
irising  from  neglecting  the  influence  of  aqueous  vapour  in  the  atmo- 
iphere  is  erroneous  in  principle  and  actually  increases  the  error  when 
^e  mean  temperature  is  below  the  freezing  point,  and  proposed 
h  formula  by  which  the  effect  of  vapour  is  accurately  calculated,  in 
which  respect,  however,  it  did  not  sensibly  differ  from  the  formula 
previously  proposed  by  Bessel,  except  in  being  more  simple  in  application. 

In  1867,  Mr.  Benny  proceeded  to  the  Lake  of  Gbneva,  and  vrith  the 
issistanoe  of  M.  Morlot,  of  Lausanne,  determined  by  levelling  the  exact 
leight  of  four  stations  near  Montreux,  and  made  observations,  the 
ietails  of  which  are  not  published,  but  which  appear  to  have  been 
continued  only  for  two  or  three  days.  The  highest  station  was 
Dnly  1015  feet  above  the  lower  one,  and  the  position,  on  a  steep  slope 
facing  the  south,  in  many  ways  unfortunate,  so  that  no  importance  can 
be  attached  to  the  results. 

In  the  paper  communicated  to  the  B.  I.  Academy  in  X858,  Lieut. 
Boiuiy  &>''^Q  a  i^6w  table  of  horary  corrections  calculated  on  the  same 
principle  as  that  previously  published  by  M.  Flantamour,  but  based 
apon  the  true  height  of  tiie  Great  St.  Bernard  as  ascertained  by 
levelling,  and  extending  to  each  hour  of  the  day  and  night  for  every 
month  of  the  year.  This  table  was  not,  however,  free  from  errors  induced 
by  the  instrumental  errors  of  the  observations  both  at  Geneva  and  the 
St.  Bernard  during  part  of  the  period  between  1841  and  1850. 

M.  Charles  Martins,  who,  in  conjunction  with  M.  Bravais,  had 
lisplayed  in  the  years  between  1840  and  1845  remarkable  energy  and 
mterprise  in  carrying  out  observations  at  great  heights  in  the  Alps, 
published  in  1860  a  short  paper  t  in  which  he  further  discussed  the 

♦  •  TranBactioiis  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy,*  toL  xxiii.  pp.  437-48.  A  second 
Mtper  in  the  same  volmne,  dated  June  1858,  is  found  at  p.  628,  and  a  supplement  to  the 
atter,  dated  1859,  at  p.  663. 

t  '  Biblioth^ue  UniverseUe,  Aichiyes  dee  Sciences  Physiques,'  ix.  (I860).  * 


488  ON  THE  MEASURESIEST  OF  HEIGHTS 

queetion  of  the  amount  of  horary  correctiona  to  be  applied  to  the  resoltB 
of  the  barometio  measnremeDts  of  heights  in  Switzerland  and  the 
adjoining  countrieB,  and  proponed  tor  general  uae  a  table  of  corrections 
at  intervals  of  two  hours  from  G  a.m.  to  10  p.iu.  for  the  months  from 
June  to  September  inolusive.  On  a  compaiison  of  the  propoeed  cor- 
rections I  find  the  figures  given  by  M.  Martina  to  agree  fairly  well  with 
those  in  Mr.  Kenny's  more  extensive  table,  but  the  aubtractive  corrections 
for  the  summer  months,  and  the  warm  hoars,  as  given  by  Mr.  Henny, 
are  greater  by  from  10  to  15  per  cent. 

Since  the  importance  of  horary  corrections  for  the  results  of  baro- 
metric measurements  boa  been  much  insisted  on  of  late  years,  I  may 
here  make  a  few  remarks  on  their  sigQiCoance  and  their  practical  value. 
If  we  take  two  stations  whereat  corresponding  observations  are  regu- 
larly made  for  a  period  sufficiently  long,  and  the  difference  of  whose 
height  is  accurately  known,  it  is  clear  that  irrespective  of  any  theoretical 
explanation  we  may  infer  from  a  comparison  between  the  mean  results 
obtained  by  calculation  for  each  hour  of  the  day,  and  each  month  of  the 
year,  with  the  known  difference  of  height,  tables  of  corrections  which 
will  make  these  mean  results  agree  wiih  the  truth.  This  may  be 
achieved,  whatever  may  be  the  barometric  formula  employed,  and  how- 
ever remote  the  two  stations  may  be.  But  the  conclusion  that  the 
differences  between  tbe  results  of  calculation  uud  those  of  actual  measure- 
ment are  solely  due  to  error  in  estimating  the  true  mean  temperature  ©£"" 
the  air  between  the  two  stations,  is  not  justified  by  sound  reajBOniDg, 

especially  when  applied  to  stations  so  remote  as  Geneva  and  the  Great 

St.  Bernard,  which  are  those  chiefly  discussed  by  modern  writers.     We 

are  familiar  with  the  fact  that  even  in  fiat  countries  the  relative  height 

of  the  barometer  at  places  50  milo^s  apart  is  subject  to  constant  variation, 
showing  difierencea  ^vhich,  if  treated  by  the  received  formulas,  would- 
indicate  considerable  diSerences  of  height,  and  in  mountain  regions  w^- 
are  not  entitled  to  assume  that  these  disturbances  neutralise  each  othei~ 
in  the  course  of  one,  or  even  several  years.  If  to  these  we  add  tL^ 
effects  on  the  barometer  of  ascending  and  descending  currenfa,  and  oC 
changes  in  the  amount  of  aqueous  vapour  in  the  air,  both  of  which 
sources  of  error  probably  enter  into  the  mean  results  from  which  tho 
horary  correction  is  estimated,  we  shall  place  little  confidence  in  thff 
process  by  which  it  has  been  sought  to  estimate  the  true  temijerature  of 
the  air  in  mountain  countries. 

Subject  to  these  remarks,  there  can  bo  no  doubt  that,  in  genual, 
thermometric  observations  give  temperatures  higher  or  lower  tlian  the 
true  temperature  of  tbe  air,  according  as  the  surrounding  solid  bodies 
are  heated  by  radiation  from  the  sun,  or  cooled  by  radiation  to  the  sky ; 
ami,  further  than  this,  that  under  similar  conditions  the  air  closo  to  the 
surface  of  the  earth  is  commonly  much  hotter  or  colder  than  air  at  the 
same  height  above  the  sea  remote  from  the  surface.   It  therefore  appears 


BY  THE  BAROMETER.  439 

t^ertain  that  for  observations  made  under  a  clear  bkj  a  large  correction 
should  be  made,  the  amount  of  which  would  mainly  depend  on  the  hour, 
bat  which  would  also  vary  with  the  nature  of  the  surface,  being  greatest 
where  this  is  of  rock  or  dry  earth,  less  considerable  where  it  is  covered 
with  vegetation,  and  very  trifling  when  it  is  nearly  covered  with  snow, 
except  for  night  observations,  when  the  cooling  effect  is  exaggerated.* 

It  is  obvious  that  observations  made  under  a  clouded  sky  are  subject 
to  a  much  smaller  amount  of  correction  for  the  source  of  error  here  dis- 
cnssed,  and  that  its  amount  must  vary  according  to  the  density  of  the 
clouds.  Even  if  we  should  admit,  with  the  writers  above  quoted,  that 
the  true  mean  temperature  of  the  air  between  two  stations  could  be 
properly  inferred  from  the  differences  between  the  measured  interval  of 
height  and  that  resulting  from  observations  of  the  barometer  and  ther- 
mometer, it  would  be  impossible  to  derive  a  table  of  horary  corrections 
suitable  for  practical  application  from  the  monthly  means  of  observa- 
tions made  at  each  hour.  In  the  mean  results  are  included  those  made 
when  the  horary  correction  is  a  maximum,  with  others  when  its  amount 
is  insignificant.  It  is  even  probable  that  at  some  periods  of  the  year  the 
monthly  mean  results  include  corrections  which  should  bear  an  opposite 
sign,  being  negative  on  some  days  and  positive  at  the  same  hour  on 
other  days. 

Being  convinced  of  the  small  value  attaching  to  results  obtained  by 
comparison  between  stations  so  ill  suited  for  the  purpose  as  Geneva  and 
the  Great  St.  Bernard,  I  have  not  undertaken  the  labour  of  comparing 
the  results  of  the  observations  on  separate  days  with  those  of  the 
monthly  means,  with  a  view  to  ascertain  the  comparative  effects  of 
clear  and  cloudy  sky;  but  I  find  instructive  indications  on  simple 
inspection  of  the  tables  published  in  the  'Archives'  of  the  Biblioth^que 
Universelle  of  Geneva.  These  are  not  given  in  a  form  admitting  of 
aconrate  comparison,  and  as  the  information  given  as  to  the  extent  to 
which  the  sky  was  overclouded  does  not  state  the  hours  at  which  clouds 
prevailed  on  days  marked  as  partially  clear,  it  is  impossible  to  estimate 
their  effect  on  the  respective  temperatures  during  the  warm  hours  of 
each  day.  Confining  myself  to  days  on  which  the  sky  was  almost  com- 
pletely clear  of  cloud,  or  almost  completely  covered,  and  estimating  by 
an  approximation  sufficient  for  tbB  purpose  the  mean  temperatures  for 
each  day  discussed,  and  those  of  the  warmest  hour  at  the  higher  and 
lower  stations,  I  take  the  difference  between  the  semi-sum  of  the  mean 
temperatures  and  the  semi-sum  of  the  highest  temperatures  of  the  day 
to  be  an  approximate  measure  of  the  correction  for  the  warmest  hour 

*  In  the  Beports  of  the  British  Association  for  the  Advanoement  of  Science,  for 
1862,  p.  867, 1  have  given  some  examples  of  the  extent  to  which  the  surface  dear  of 
enow,  in  the  Alps  and  Pyrenees,  may  be  heated  daring  exposure  to  the  sun,  at  heights 
varying  from  6300  to  10,300  feet.  At  the  latter  height  the  temperature,  one  inch  below 
4he  surface  exposed  to  the  son,  was  foond  to  be  83*  1°  Fahr.,  while  close  at  hand,  but  in 
the  shade,  the  thermometer  similarly  placed  marked  41-9^  Fahr. 


MO 


ON  THE  IIEASDREMENT  OF  HEIGHTS 


L 


which  would  be  required  to  eliminate  the  disturbiiig  effect  of  the  dinrnal 
variatione  of  temperaturo.  Taking  the  warmest  period  of  the  J'oar,  I 
find  in  tho  tables  for  1861,  between  the  20th  June  nnd  the  20th  August, 
four  days  on  which  the  eky  was  nearly  clondlees,  and  but  one  which  U 
marked  as  absolutely  cloudless,  at  both  atations.  On  that  day  (30tb 
July)  tho  excess  of  the  semi-sum  of  the  masima  over  that  of  mean 
temperatures  was  7" -4  C  For  the  four  nearly  cloudless  days  tho 
average  excess  was  5°'56  C,  and  for  one  day,  on  which  the  sky  WM 
clear  at  GenoTa  but  partially  covered  at  tho  tit.  Bernard,  tho  difierence 
was  6°-34  C  Daring  tho  same  period  but  ono  day  (15th  July)  is 
marked  as  having  been  completely  over-clouded  at  both  stations,  and 
on  that  day  the  difierence,  estimated  as  before,  was  only  1°'75  C.  On 
August  2<Jtii,  when  the  sky  was  completely  covered  at  the  St.  Bernard, 
and  partially  so  at  Geneva,  the  difference  was  3°-23. 

I  regard  the  figures  here  given  as  tiaving  no  value  as  quantitative 
measures,  bat  as  affording  sufficient  evidence  of  tho  important  influence 
which  the  variable  oonditions  of  the  weather  exercise  in  the  application 
of  horary  oorreotions  to  the  reduction  of  barometrio  obserTations,  so  that 
the  amount  of  the  correction  required  may  bo  three  or  four  times  as 
great  on  one  day  as  on  another  at  the  same  season. 

It  is  indeed  probable  that  in  cases  where  it  can  be  applied  tho 
suggestion  first  made  by  Belli  would  load  to  more  accurate  results  than 
the  use  of  any  table  of  horary  corrections.  In  place  of  the  mean  of  the 
thermometric  observations  made  at  the  higher  and  lower  stations  he 
recommended  the  introduction  into  the  formula  of  the  aemi-snm  of  the 
moan  temperatures  prevailing  at  each  station  during  three  or  four  days 
preceding  the  barometric  observationB.  Travellers  can,  however,  rarely 
avail  themselves  of  the  results  of  continuous  observations  at  two 
stations.  Fur  their  nse  it  is  desirable  that  tables  of  horary  corrections 
for  different  countries  and  latitiides  should  be  made  out.  In  applying 
those  in  practice  observers  must  use  their  own  judgment  aa  to  the 
extent  to  which  the  correction  should  be  increased  or  dinunished  in 
each  individual  case. 

In  1862  Dr.  0.  Bsuernfeind  •  published  the  results  of  a  very  oarefnl 
and  laborious  investigation  of  the  results  of  measurements  and  observa- 
tions carried  out  under  his  direction  in  ]  357,  along  with  a  full  discussion 
of  many  questions  relating  to  the  applications  of  theory  to  practice. 
It  is  Tinfortunato  that  this  tract,  which  contains  much  valuable  matter, 
is  rendered  needlessly  troublesomo  to  the  reader.  Three  different 
standards  of  measure — the  Bavarian  foot  and  its  subdivisions,  the  old 
French  (or  Paris)  measure,  and  the  metrical  system— are  alternately 
used.  Temperatures  are  in  some  places  reckoned  on  the  scale  of 
B^aumur,  at  others  on  the  Centigrade;  and  further,  the  same   letters 

*  '  Beol«chttingeii  nod  Vutersuchungca  iiber  die  GeDauigktit  barometrifclici 
Hubenmesgiingen,'  Uumcli,  Cottn,  18Q2. 


BT  TH£  BAROH£T£B.  ^1 

or  Bymbols  are  in  di£ferent  pages  used  in  a  quite  different  significa- 
tion. 

Adopting  a  plan  of  investigation  which,  if  carried  out  continuously, 
and  extended  throughout  the  night  as  well  as  the  day,  would  probably 
lead  to  valuable  results,  M.  Bauemfeind  selected  the  Miesing,  one  of  the 
highest  summits  of  the  outer  range  of  the  Bavarian  Alps,  determined 
^th  great  aoouraoy  the  level  of  five  nearly  equidistant  stations  between 
the  base  and  the  summit,  and  carried  on  simultaneous  observations  for 
£ve  days  and  portions  of  the  preceding  and  following  day.  The  ther- 
mometer and  psjchrometer  were  observed  at  all  the  stations,  and  the 
barometer  at  the  lower,  the  middle,  and  the  summit  station.  Extreme 
care  was  taken  to  ensure  the  accuracy  and  simultaneity  of  the  observa- 
tions,  and  unwearied  patience  is  shown  in  the  discussion  of  the  results. 
The  hours  of  observation  were  between  8  a.m.  and  6  p.m. 

Having  speedily  satisfied  himself  that,  on  the  mean  of  the  whole 
series  of  observations,  the  formulas  generally  in  use— those  of  Gkuss, 
Ohm,  and  Bessel — gave  results  for  the  difference  of  height  of  the  several 
stationa  oonsiderably  less  than  the  truth,  the  author  proceeded  to 
investigate  the  subject,  and  arrived  independently  at  a  formula  sub- 
stantially in  near  agreement  with  M.  Flantamour*s  modifications  of 
Sessel's  formula,  and  further  computed  tables  for  the  application  to 
-  practice  of  his  own  formula,  which  render  it  very  convenient.  He  has 
given  tables  (pp.  53-58)  showing  the  results  of  the  reduction  of  100  sets 
of  simultaneoQs  observations  calculated  on  two  different  hypotheses — 
(1)  that  the  mean  temperature  and  amount  of  aqueous  vapour  may  be 
xepieseBted  by  the  arithmetical  mean  of  the  observations  made  at  the 
liigher  and  lower  stations  only;  or  (2)  that  they  should  be  calculated 
£x>m  the  mean  of  the  observations  made  at  the  intermediate  as  well  as 
the  extreme  stations.  On  the  mean  of  the  entire  series  the  results 
obtained  on  both  these  hypotheses  agree  very  well  with  the  truth,  but 
someiames  differ  rather  widely  from  each  other  if  we  compare  a  single 
result.  It  appears  to  me  that  where  such  a  difference  existed  the  results 
obtained  from  the  second  hypothesis  were  usually  nearer  to  the  true 
di£Buenoe  of  height,  but  M.  Bauemfeind  in  subsequent  discussion  has 
preferred  the  results  obtained  by  taking  the  arithmetical  mean  of  the 
observations  at  the  stations  whose  height  is  to  be  determined. 

As  in  all  preceding  enquiries,  it  beciame  evident  that  the  observations 
at  the  warmest  hours  gave  results  exceeding  the  true  differences  of  height, 
while  those  at  8  a.m.  and  &  p.m.  fell  short  of  it.  Taking  the  true 
interval  of  height  between  the  lower  and  the  summit  station  to  be 
1068  metres,  I  find,  on  each  of  the  days  of  observation,  a  difference  of 
from  15  to  more  than  22  metres  between  the  barometric  results  obtained 
at  different  hours  on  the  same  day. 

Beoognising  the  fact  that  such  a  table  is  available  only  for  the  par- 
ticular place,  and  for  the  period  of  the  year  and  conditions  of  temperature 


W  ther 

I  b&s 

I  aB  u 


OX  THE  MEASL'liEMENT  OF  liElGHTS 


then  preTailin  g,  the  author  has  calculated  a  table  of  horary  cotrectionB,  ttnAi- 
bas  exbibiteil  (pp.  71,  72)  the  lesults  for  forty-five  sets  of  ohBOrvatioDft 
aB  modified  by  those  oorrectionB. 

On  the  mean  of  the  five  days  the  heights  resulting  from  the  corrected 
observatious  for  each  hour  between  9  a.m.  aud  5  p.m.  inclusively,  agrea 
■with  each  olber  and  with  the  true  heights  in  a  very  satisfactory  manner.* 
But  the  authorhasnotdrawnattention  to  the  fact  that  evan  the  oorreoted 
results  for  separate  days  and  hours  show  considerable  discrepauoies 
Ijetween  the  calculated  and  the  true  heights.  In  the  interral  between. 
the  middle  and  the  summit  station  {528  metres)  the  corrected  observa- 
tions show  for  three  different  houra  discrepancies  between  tho  results 
obtained  at  tho  same  hour  on  different  days  amounting  to  about. 
12-5"meti'es,  or  nearly  2j^  per  cent.,  and  the  discrepancies  in  the  calcu — 
latcd  results  for  the  interval  between  the  highest  and  lowest  stAtion^M 
exceed  IJ  per  cent. 

The  couclusiou  to  which  we  ara  led  is  that  in  the  present  state  o^H 
our  knowledge  a  small  number  of  observations,  and  especially  aingl^i. 
ohservationa,  to  which  travellers  are  often  limited,  however  carefultjs 
made  with  tho  best  instrumcnte,  can  lead  only  lo  approximate  r«suli^s 
A  further  conclusion  to  be  deduced  from  M.  Bauemfeind's  laborious=r 
investigation  is  that  but  a  very  limited  value  can  bo  set  upon  the  genera-^* 
conclusions  derived  from  a  short  series  of  observations.  The  -n^in  t* 
faction  with  which  he  viewed  the  results  shown  in  the  tables  referre^^ 
to  above,  obtained  by  the  application  of  the  horary  corrections,  wonl^ 

have  been  diminished  if  he  had  remarked  that  if  ho  had  excluded  th m 

observations  of  August  27th,  the  mean  results  fur  the  momiag  an^- 
afternoon   hours  would  have  been    much  below  the    truth,    while    b_  — 

including  the  observations  of  tho  27th  and  omitling  those  of  the  2<itl : 

the  mean  results  for  those  hours  would  have  been  much  increased, 
diClforence  on  the  10  a.m.  observations  being  just  four  metres. 

Up  to  the  date  of  M.  Bauemfeind's  work  all  the  writers  who  hi 
discussed  this  subject  had  proceeded  on   the  assumption  that,  in  tl 
absence  of  direct  knowledge  of  a  law  regulating  the  fall  of  tempeiati 
with  increase  of  height    above    the   earth's  surface,  the   arithmel 
mean  of  the  temperatures  found  at  a  lower  and  upper  give  tho  neai 
available  measure  of  the  temperature  of  the  iuteiTening  stratum, 
we  have  seen,  the  efforts  of  modern  investigators  had  been  directed 
disengage  the  observed  temperatures  from  tho  disturbing  influence 
the  adjoining  Eolid   surface  on  the   assumption  that   if  this  could 
effected  the  mean  temperature  of  the  intervening  column,  or  strata 
of  air  would  be  ascertained. 


TIic  figures  set  down  for  llje  hovii  betwnen  11  eum.  and  3  pjn.  are  not  qui 
correct,  aa  no  obsciTstiDiiE  were  made  st  those  lioura  on  August  Si,  and  the  figntn  B 
down  are  those  of  the  true  meuuted  heights,  not  those  lesiUting  (ma  baromeU 
obaervatioiia. 


BY  THE  BAROMETER.  443 

It  was,  with  apparent  reason,  believed  that  the  yertioal  distribution 

of  temperature  in  ascending  from  the  earth's  surface,  as  well  as  other 

phenomena  connected   with  the  physics  of  the  atmosphere,  might  be 

studied  with  advantage  by  means  of  well-conducted  balloon  ascents, 

This   was  accordingly  one  of  the  main  objects  contemplated  by  the 

Sritish  Association  in  promoting  the  series  of  balloon  ascents  which  were 

oontinued  for  four  successive  years,  from  1862  to  1866.   The  observations 

Xeing  free  from  the  disturbing  effect  of  proximity  to  the  surface,  and  it 

T>eiiig  possible  to  extend  them  to  a  much  greater  height  than  is  practicable 

^n    mountain  ascents,  it  was  expected   that   the  observations  would 

disclose  a  law  regulating  the  decrement  of  temperature  of  the  air  in 

^iscending  above  the  earth's  surface. 

In  the  '  Eeport  of  the  British  Association  for  1862,'  Mr.  Glaisher 
3>Til:>li8hed  a  full  account  of  the  first  series  of  eight  balloon  ascents, 
accomplished  by  himself  with  Mr.  Goxwell  in  that  year,  and  as  the  final 
:xesult  of  his  observations  exhibited  two  tables  (pp.  462, 463)  which  show 
^  gradual  and  (with  one  slight  exception)  a  continuous  decline  in  the 
oute  of  decrement  of  temperature  in  ascending  from  the  surface  to  a 
^height  of  29,000  English  feet  above  sea-level. 

It  became  apparent  that  if  the  results  thus  obtained  were  legiti- 
:3nately  derived  from  the  observations,  it  would  be  impossible  to  base 
9L  formula  for  barometric  measurement  o^  the  assumption,  hitherto  ad- 
^ooitted,  of  an  uniform  rate  of  decrement  in  ascending  above  the  earth's 
surface. 

In  February  1864,  Count  Paul  de  St.  Eobert,  of  Turin,  accepting 
ihe  results  published  in  Mr.  Glaisher's  first  Beport,  proposed  in  the 
^  Philosophical  Magazine '  a  formula  for  the  barometric  measurement  of 
lieights,  based  upon  the  assumption  of  a  gradual  diminution  in  the  rate 
of  decrement  of  temperature,  as  shown  in  Mr.  Glaisher's  tables.  The 
author  recognised  the  fact  that  we  are  not  authorised  to  assume  that  a 
law  of  decrement  ascertained  by  means  of  balloon  ascents  holds  good  for 
observations  in  mountain  countries,  and  suggested  the  expediency  of 
making  simultaneous  comparative  observations  at  points  of  equal  elevation 
on  mountains  and  in  captive  balloons. 

In  the  following  month  of  June,  M.  de  St.  Bobert  discussed  more 
folly  the  application  of  Mr.  Glaisher's  results  to  the  measurement  of 
heights  by  the  barometer,  and  to  the  determination  of  the  amount  of 
atmospheric  refraction.  For  the  former  object  he  obtained  a  very  simple 
approximate  formula  which  dispenses  with  the  use  of  logarithmic 
tables.  This  very  able  paper,  which  has  been  strangely  overlooked  by 
many  recent  writers,  will  repay  perusal  even  by  those  who  do  not  accept 
the  assumption  on  which  it  is  based. 

Inasmuch  as  Mr.  Glaisher's  conclusions  as  to  the  vertical  distribution 
«f  temperature  in  the  atmosphere  have  obtained  acceptance  in  many 
^^narters,  while  I  am  not  aware  that  his  reports  have  ever  been  subjected 


to  cflrefol  Bcrutinj,  I  propose  in  the  first  place  to  discuss  the  proceBsea  by 
which  his  resalta  were  obtained. 

I  shoTild  premise  that,  while  Mr.  Glaisber  adopted  the  same  system 
for  discuBsing  the  observations  mode  in  his  nutneroae  ascents  contained 
in  the  ReportB  of  the  British  Association  for  four  sncoeseive  years,  from 
1862  to  1863,  he  became  aM-are,  as  appears  from  his  Eeport  of  18G4,  that 
it  was  impossible  to  reconcile  Mh  general  conclusions  with  the  observa- 
tions made  in  many  of  the  ascentH.     In  his  first  report  he  had  esclnded 
the  resnlts   of  the   ascent  of  ITth   July,   1862,  as  anomalous,  and  not 
reconcilable  with  the  other  seven  ascents  discnssed  in  that  report ;  but  - 
in  18G4  he  osclnded  (ho  observations  made  in  six  out  of  the  nine  ascents-: 
analysed  in  the  rcjiort  of  that  year.     In  surveying  the  vast  mass  of  obeer — 
vations  made  in  the  course  of  twenty-five  balloon  ascents,  many  of  theni^ 
under  conditions  of  great  bodily  discomfort  and  positive  danger  tolife,  iUi: 
is  impossible  not  to  feel  sincere  admiration  for  the  energy,  courage,  and  — 
perseverance  displayed  by  Mr.  Glaiaher  in  the  performance  of  his  arduous  J 
undertaking.     Such  considerations  do  not,  however,  afFoct  the  scientific  ^ 
value  of  his  oonolnsionB,  and  to  test  their  value  it  is  necessary  to  scratimGo  « 
closely  the  method  by  which  they  have  been  obtained.     It  is  fbrtnnato  ^ 

that  by  publishing  the  full  record  of  all  his  observations  he  has  supplied i 

the  materials  by  which  others  are  enabled  to  study  the  question. 

In  examining  Mr,  Glaiaher's' Report,  I  shall  also  avail  myself  of  th»>^ 
resnltfl  of  four  ascentfl  accomplished  by  Mr.  Welsh,  whose  observations  ar^e 
recorded  in  the  '  Philosophical  Transactions '  for  1853.    So  far  as  I  know__ 

the  Boientific  balloon  ascents  effected  in  other  countries  have  not  been ■ 

numerous  enough  to  afford  instniotive  results. 

As  the  method  adopted  by  Mr.  Glaisber  in  discussing  the  results  ol_-i^ 
his  Eiscenta  was  the  same  throughout  the  whole  serieB   as  that  fully" 
described  in  his  Report  of  1862,  I  think  it  most  convenient  to  give  a 
brief  analysis  of  tho  contents  of  that  Report,  BO  far  as  it  relatoa  to  the 
question  here  discussed. 

In  tho  first  aeries  of  tables  (I.)  all  the  observatione  made  in  the 
eight  ascenta  nre  given  consecutively,  the  barometer  readings  being  re- 
duced to  32"  F^ihr.  In  the  second  series  (II.)  the  fiiraultaneous  readings 
for  the  pressure  and  temperature  of  the  air  and  the  dew-point  are  set 
down  against  the  calculated  height  for  each  set  of  observationB.  In  a  few 
cases,  where  no  corresponding  observation  of  the  barometer  was  available, 
the  height,  as  deduced  by  interpolation,  is  given  within  brackets. 

The  next  step  adopted  by  Mr.  Glaisber  was  to  lay  down  the  corre- 
sponding readings  for  height  and  temperature,  for  each  ascent  and 
dencent,  on  diagrams,  and  to  cause  a  curve  to  pass  through,  or  near  to^ 
the  points  marked  on  (he  diagrams.  "  In  all  these  projected  curves,"  to 
use  Mr.  Glaisher's  words,  "  there  wore  parts  of  evidently  the  same  curve 
showing  a  gradual  decrease  of  temperature  with  increasing  elevatioD, 
and  a  gradual  inorease  with  decrease  of  elevation."    It 


« 


B7  THE  BAROMETER. 


445 


that,  by  oonnecting  the  parts  of  the  ooryes  in  which  this  correBpondenoe 
was  apparent,  approximate  valnes  of  the  normal  variaHan  of  temperature 
with  height  would  be  obtained.  Having  laid  down  a  curve  correspond* 
mg  to  eaoh  ascent  and  descent,  it  was  easy  to  read  off  the  temperature 
corresponding  to  each  interval  of  1000  feet  of  elevation,  commencing  at 
ttie  sea-level.  By  this  process  a  fresh  set  of  tables  (in.)  was  obtained. 
bi  these  tables  one  column  is  headed  **  Observed  temperature,"  and 
mother  *'  Adopted  temperature,"  the  latter  being  that  indicated  by  the 
urve  on  the  diagram.  Another  column  is  headed  **  Calculated  effiact  of 
istnrbance,"  showing  the  difference  between  the  observed  and  adopted 
3iiiperatures ;  it  being  assumed  that  the  deviation  in  each  case  was  due 
>  the  presence  of  cloud,  or  other  disturbing  cause. 

Saving  obtained,  in  the  manner  above  described,  what  he  considered 
near  approximation  to  the  normal  temperature,  in  each  zone  of  1000  feet 
f  elevation,  for  each  of  his  ascents,  Mr.  Glaisher  had  no  difficulty  in 
raxning  a  fourth  set  of  tables  (lY.)*  wherein,  by  taking  the  differences 
)t^veen  the  consecutive  figures  showing  the  adopted  temperatures  corre- 
K>XLding  to  each  successive  zone  of  1000  feet  in  the  last  tables,  he  shows 
le  decrease  of  temperature  corresponding  to  a  rise  of  1000  feet  in  each 
tcent  and  descent.  Finally,  by  taking  the  mean  of  all  these,  and  dis- 
a^^shing  the  ascents  accomplished  in  dear  weather  from  those  when 
le  sky  was  overclouded,  Mr.  Glaisher  obtained  the  results  which  have 
noe  been  accepted  as  exhibiting  the  relation  between  temperature  and 
evation  derived  from  actual  observation  in  balloon  ascents. 

What  first  suggests  a  doubt  as  to  the  value  of  the  final  result  is  to 
beerve,  in  the  set  of  tables  III.,  the  very  wide  divergence  between  the 
ambers  set  down  for  observed  and  those  for  adopted  temperatures ;  the 
k)served  temperatures  being  sometimes  in  excess  by  more  than  eight 
d^rees,  and  in  other  cases  less  by  as  much  as  17  degrees.  Further 
3Tibt  is  induced  when  we  find  that  the  so-called  observed  temperatures 
•e,  in  many  cases,  not  properly  derived  from  the  original  observations, 
it  are  obtained  from  them  by  processes  which  must  be  called  purely 
rbitrary,*  numbers  being   in  several  cases  assigned  as  having  been 

*  To  giye  but  a  single  illostration  I  shall  set  side  by  Bide  the  actual  observations 
ade  below  the  leyel  of  6000  feet,  and  the  figures  giyen  in  Table  m.  for  the  ascent  of 
ily  17th,  1862J— 


Actual  Observations. 

Height, 
ft. 

Temperature. 

Height. 

490    •  •      • . 

5§-0 

ft 

3835    ..      .. 

450 

6000     .. 

4467    ..      .. 

43-0 

5000     .. 

5802    ..      .. 

35-8 

4000     .. 
3000     .. 
2000     .. 
1000     .. 
Sea-level 

Table  III. 

Observed 
Temperature. 

.  34°8 

.  39-3 

.  43-5 

.  47-9 

.  52-5 

.  56-9 

.  61-5 


Adopted 
Temperature. 

..  4f-0 

..  45-2 

..  50-0 

..  54-8 

..  59'8 

..  64-1 

..  70-0 


lib  such  an  amount  of  license  there  is  scarcely  any  limit  to  the  variety  of  results 
Inch  may  be  attained  from  the  data. 


446  ON  THE  MEASUREMENT  OF  HEIGHTS 

observed  at  or  near  intervals  of  1000  feet,  when  in  point  of  fact  tlie 
actual  observations  were  made  at  intervals  of  8000,  4000,  or  even  6000 
feet. 

AVith  a  view  more  clearly  to  judge  of  the  possibility  of  arriving  at 
definite  results,  I  have  followed  the  example  of  Mr.  Glaisher,  by  laying 
down  on  cross-ruled  sheets  each  of  the  original  observations  for  tempe- 
rature, one  set  of  lines  corresponding  to  heights  above  sea-level,  the 
other  to  degrees  of  Fahrenheit  scale,  and  I  have  connected  the  points  so 
laid  down  in  such  a  Tfay  that  the  interval  of  time  between  consecutive 
observations  is  apparent  on  inspection. 

My  remarks  apply  mainly  to  the  observations  made  under  a  clear 
sky ;  for  those  recorded  under  or  amidst  cloud  are  subject  to  so  man^' 
different  causes  of  disturbance  that  it  seems  a  waste  of  labour  to  discuss 
them  in  detail. 

The  first  result  apparent  on  inspecting  diagrams  in  which  all  the 
observations  are  laid  down  is  the  great  difference  shown  in  the  rate  of 
decrement  in  each  of  the  higher  ascents ;  and  the  next  is  the  fact  that 
whenever  the  balloon  remained  at,  or  returned  to,  nearly  the  same 
elevation  long  enough  to  allow  of  numerous  observations,  the  tempe- 
rature varied  to  a  much  greater  extent  than  we  find  in  observations 
made  at  or  near  the  earth's  surface.  The  latter  remark  is  so  important, 
from  the  light  that  it  throws  on  the  condition  of  the  higher  strata  of 
the  atmosphere,  that  it  is  desirable  to  give  some  examples. 

I  give  below  (see  Table  next  page),  from  the  observations  under  a 
clear  sky  in  each  of  Mr.  Glaisher*s  higher  ascents,  examples  of  tho 
sudden  changes  which  were  experienced  at  or  about  the  same  elevation, 
sometimes  within  very  few  minutes,  sometimes  even  within  a  fraction 
of  a  minute. 

It  will  be  observed  that  in  several  cases  the  thermometer  rose  rapidly 
in  ascending  to  a  higher  level ;  and  after  laying  down  the  observations 
in  the  manner  above  described,  the  only  point  of  agreement  which  I 
find  between  the  diagrams  for  the  different  ascents  is  the  recurrence  at 
various  heights  of  intervals  during  which  the  ordinary  rule  is  reversed, 
so  that  the  line  connecting  the  successive  observations  is  zigzag,  widely 
differing  from  any  regular  curve.  It  is  obvious  that  on  a  diagram  where 
tho  points  representing  the  observations  are  scattered  in  a  fashion  so 
irregular,  it  becomes  a  purely  arbitrary  matter  to  draw  a  curve  which, 
while  passing  near  to  some  points,  departs  widely  from  others.  On 
each  diagram  numerous  different  curves  may  be  drawn,  no  one  of  which 
has  a  just  title  to  preference.  As  to  one  or  two  of  the  ascents,  at  least 
as  regards  observations  above  the  level  of  5000  feet,  a  straight  line, 
indicating  a  uniform  rate  of  decrement  of  temperature,  would  differ  less 
from  the  record  of  the  observations  than  any  curve. 

In  spite  of  the  wide  choice  thus  presented  for  drawing  a  curve  to 
represent  the  variable  rate  of  decrement,  Mr.  Glaisher,  as  I  have  already 


BT  THE  BABOUETER. 


447 


Date  of  Ascent. 

Hour  of  ObserrAtloo. 

Height  abore  Sea-level. 

Obeenrcd  Temperature. 

1 

July  17         ..     .. 

1 

i 

b.    in.     t, 
10  27    0  a.m. 
10  35    0 
10  44    0 

ft. 

19,374 
19,415 
19,836 

deg.  Fahr. 
861 
42-2 
340 

1 

Angnst  18    ..     ..  j 

1 

1  15    0  p.m. 
1  27    0 

7,706 
7,836 

45-7 
510 

1  20  35 
1  21    0 

1  22    0 

2  17    0 
2  20    0 

11,399 
11,470 
10,840 
10,864 
11,748 

85-7 
39*2 
41*8 
45-5 
450 

2  59  40 

3  5    0 
3  13  30 

22,762 
22,607 
22,000 

24-0 
281 
240 

August  21     ..     .. 

5  12    0  a.m. 

6  23  30 

8,406 
8,196 

350 
43-5 

5  22    0 

5  24  30 

6  12    0 

12,254 
12,571 
12,774 

25-5 
23' 0 
30*0 

5  30  30 
5  34  30 
5  35    0 
5  47    0 

13,665 
13,875 
14,027 
14,355 

250 
19-S 
19*5 
27-6 

September  5..     .. 

1  38    0  p.m. 
1  38  50 
1  40  30 

19,335 
20,315 
20,903 

14*2 

8*0 

11-0 

1  41  50 

2  8  45 

21,403 
21,650 

4-5 

11-0 

pointed  ont,  has  been  able  to  obtain  his  final  results  only  by  a  process 
in  which  what  he  terms  the  adopted  temperature  differs  widely  from  the 
data  famished  by  observation.  These  adopted  temperatures  are  ob- 
tained from  curves  which  differ  for  each  asoenti  and  even  the  brief 
interval  between  the  ascent  and  descent  of  the  balloon  has  in  each  case 
made  it  necessary  to  describe  two  different  curves.  To  infer  that  from 
ihe  average  of  the  results  obtained  in  this  fashion  we  can  approximate 
to  a  true  relation  between  height  and  temperature  of  the  atmosphere 
appears  to  me  quite  unwarranted  by  sound  reasoning. 

The  main  fact  which  emerges]  from  the  experience  of  these  balloon 
ascents,  and  which  gives  them  value  as  a  substantial  contribution  to 
physics,  is  that,  in  the  region  where  the  observations  were  made,  the 
higher  strata  of  the  atmosphere,  even  in  serene  weather,  and  at  all 
seasons,  are  traversed  by  numerous  currents  of  very  unequal  tempera- 
ture. No  doubt  there  is  a  constant  tendency  in  these  aerial  masses  to 
intermix,  and  to  arrive  at  a  uniform  temperature ;  but  it  is  clear  that 
equilibrium  is  not  very  rapidly  established,  and,  as  the  disturbance  is 

vot.  II.  2  o 


i48  ON  THE  H£ASURKM£NT  OF  HEIGHTS 

constantly  renewed,  the  condition  at  any  given  moment  is  that  of  a 
quite  irregular  distribntion  of  temperature. 

A  priori  it  was  not  unnatural  to  suppose  that  under  favourable  oon- 
ditions  there  might  be  discovered  a  normal  temperature  corresponding 
to  successive  zones  of  altitude  in  ascending  to  the  higher  regions  of  the 
atmosphere,  and  to  derive  as  a  result  a  regular  rate  of  decrement  for 
equal  intervals  of  height ;  but  Mr.  Glaisher  by  those  remarkable  ascents 
clearly  proved  that  the  method  which  he  sought  to  apply  is  inapplicable 
to  give  the  kind  of  solution  which  he  anticipated.  Where  a  phenomenon 
is  the  complex  result  of  many  separate  and  independent  agencies,  only 
one  of  which  is  known,  it  is  hopeless  to  seek  to  express  it  in  terms  of  the 
single  known  agency.  On  the  surface  of  the  earth  the  temperature  at  a 
given  spot,  and  at  a  given  moment,  largely  depends  on  the  position  of 
that  spot  with  reference  to  the  sun  as  determined  by  the  annual  and 
diurnal  revolutions  of  the  earth ;  but,  knowing  how  many  other  causes 
operate  at  the  same  time  to  modify  the  result,  no  physicist  would 
attempt  to  infer  the  temperature  of  the  place  in  question  for  a  given 
epoch  in  terms  of  the  latitude,  the  season,  and  the  hour. 

In  the  above  remarks  I  have  referred  exclusively  to  observations 
made  at  heights  exceeding  5000  feet.  With  regard  to  those  made  in  the 
lower  strata  of  the  atmosphere,  especially  in  summer,  I  think  that  we 
have  sufGlcient  reason  to  believe  that  the  decrement  of  temperature  for 
an  equal  difference  of  height  is  more  rapid  near  to  the  earth's  surface 
than  in  the  higher  regions.  Unfortunately  it  happens  that  in  our  dimate 
observations  in  the  lower  region  are  rarely  free  from  the  numerous 
sources  of  disturbance  arising  from  the  total  or  partial  interposition 
of  cloud,  and  the  liberation  of  heat  that  arises  from  condensatioii  of 
vapour,  or  its  absorption  from  the  contrary  process.  Out  of  Mr.  Glaisher's 
twenty-five  ascents  and  descents,  but  four  of  each  were  effected  under  a 
clear  sky  in  the  zone  below  5000  feet,  and  but  four  others  with  a  sky 
partially  clear.  The  observations  in  the  lower  region  are  neither  suffi- 
ciently numerous  nor  sufficiently  concordant  to  justify  any  exact  con- 
clusions as  to  the  amount  or  the  rate  of  decrement  of  temperature, 
beyond  the  general  result  that  observations  made  in  this  country  in 
summer,  and  by  day,  lead  to  the  belief  that  the  decrement  of  tempera- 
ture is  more  rapid  in  the  strata  near  the  surface,  and  diminishes  up  to  a 
height  of  4000  or  5000  feet. 

In  all  Mr.  Welsh's  ascents,  intervals  likewise  occurred  where  the 
ordinary  phenomenon  was  reversed,  and  the  thermometer  rose  instead  of 
falling  in  ascending  from  a  lower  to  a  higher  level ;  but  in  the  ascents 
of  2lBt  October  and  10th  November  the  amount  of  these  disturbances 
is  very  much  less  considerable  than  in  those  made  in  summer,  either 
by  Mr.  Welsh  or  Mr.  Glaisher. 

I  may  here  remark  that  these  departures  from  the  ordinary  oourse 
appear  to  occur  under  two  different  conditions,  and  to  have  a  completely 


BY  THE  BAROMETER.  449 

difSdrent  origin.  The  disturbances  that  are  found  in  passing  through, 
or  near  to,  clouds,  which  usually  are  of  inconsiderable  amount,  arise  from 
the  condensation  of  aqueous  vapour,  causing  the  evolution  of  heat,  or 
from  the  reconversion  of  cloud  to  the  state  of  vapour,  when  the  neigh- 
bouring mass  is  cooled  to  supply  the  heat  consumed  in  the  change. 
Quite  apart  from  these  disturbances  are  the  sudden,  and  often  con- 
siderable, changes  that  are  experienced,  even  under  a  cloudless  sky,  in 
the  upper  r^ons  of  the  atmosphere  in  the  latitude  of  our  islands. 
These  evidently  arise  from  the  intermixture  of  currents  of  relatively 
dry  air  of  very  unequal  temperature,  and  it  is  owing  to  their  presence 
that  it  seems  hopeless  to  expect  to  discover  any  law  regulating  the 
vertical  distribution  of  temperature  by  means  of  balloon  ascents  in  this 
part  of  the  world. 

In  estimating  the  temperature  of  masses  of  air  through  which  a 
balloon  may  be  carried,  we  must  recollect  that  the  variations  may  be 
due  to  the  fEict  that  each  current  has  originated  at  a  great  distance  from 
the  place  of  observation,  having  an  initial  temperature  much  higher  or 
lower  than  that  proper  to  the  region  where  it  is  encountered,  or,  on  the 
other  hand,  may  be  mainly  due  to  vertical  displacement,  causing  ex- 
pansion or  contraction,  which  is  one  of  the  ordinary  results  of  interfer- 
ence between  aerial  currents. 

A  mass  of  dry  air  descending  1820  feet  has  its  temperature  raised  by 
ten  d^rees  of  Fahrenheit's  scale,  while  an  opposite  effect  is  produced  on 
ascending  currents;  so  that  it  is  easy  to  understand  the  existence, 
in  close  proximity,  of  masses  of  air  of  very  unequal  temperature,  which 
apparently  tend  to  arrange  themselves  in  horizontal  strata.  No  doubt, 
if  sufficient  time  were  allowed,  equilibrium  would  be  restored,  and  the 
distribution  of  temperature  would  follow  some  regular  progression ;  but 
the  masses  of  air  which  adjoin  each  other  to-day  were  hundreds  of  miles 
apart  yesterday,  and  will  be  as  widely  separated  to-morrow. 

In  connection  with  this  branch  of  the  subject,  the  observations  made 
during  Mr.  Glaisher's  first  ascent,  on  July  17th,  1862,  are  especially 
deserving  of  attention,  being  so  abnormal  that  in  discussing  the  general 
results  Mr.  Glaisher  has  sometimes,  though  not  uniformly,  excluded 
them  from  his  tables.  On  that  occasion  a  dense  stratum  of  cloud  was 
passed  through  in  ascending  from  a  height  of  about  4000  to  that  of 
8000  feet,  and  in  the  descent  a  stratum  of  twice  that  thickness  was 
entered  at  a  height  of  more  than  12,000  feet.  But  above  the  clouds  the 
air  was  serene,  the  sky  of  a  deep  blue,  with  a  breeze  from  W.S.W., 
which  carried  the  balloon  nearly  100  miles  in  two  hours.  During  the 
ascent  from  Wolverhampton  to  a  height  of  9600  feet  the  thermometer 
fell  continuously  and  rapidly  from  59°  Fahr.  to  26°' 2.  Dtiring  the 
following  ascent  of  8400  feet  the  temperature  remained  fixed  at  about 
the  same  point ;  but  in  the  course  of  the  ensuing  further  ascent  of  nearly 
6000  feet  tiie  thermometer  rose  11  degrees,  from  26°'  2  to  37°'  2.    For  the 

2  G  2 


450  OS  THE  JIEASUliEMENT  OF  HEIGHTS 

next  10  or  20  iiiiiiiites  the  balloon  remained  ucarly  at  tbo  same  leri 
about  19,400  feet— and  the  tempera tuie  further  rose  to  42^-2,  or  ni 
the  same  that  had  been  found  at  a  height  of  4500  feet.  The  thermi 
meter  then  fell  to  34°,  while  the  balloon  romaiaed  about  the  same  heigli] 
"Wlten  the  ascent  was  resumed,  the  temperature  fell  rapidly  from  34' 
1(3^  in  a  rertioal  distance  of  4400  feet,  aud  remained  at  the  same  point 
during  a  further  aacent  of  1400  feet,  followed  by  a  descent  of  1200  feet. 
Still  more  rapid  was  the  rise  of  eleven  degrees,  from  10'  to  27*^,  in 
deseending  from  the  level  of  25,000  feet  to  that  of  23,850,  while  twenty- 
three  minutes  earlier  the  temperature  observed  at  nearly  the  same  level 
■was  only  IT"'"!.  It  seems  to  me  evident  that  these  facts  can  be  explained 
only  by  the  interference  of  currents  of  very  different  temperature,  origi- 
nating, probably,  at  great  dislances  from  the  place  of  observation. 

.  Although,  for  the  reasons  above  asaigned,  I  do  not  believe  that  the 
observations  made  in  balloon  asceuU  in  the  climate  of  England  can  lead 
us  to  accurate  conoluaions  as  to  the  distribution  of  temperature  in  thft 
atmosphere,  I  have  thought  it  deairable  to  ascertain  as  closely  as  possiUaj 
what  results  may  legitimately  be  derived  from  them.  Koferriiig  exda- 
sively  to  the  actual  observations,  and  taking  the  means  of  those  made 
nearly  at  the  same  time  and  at  the  same  level,  I  have  made  out  in 
tabular  form  the  results  for  each  ascent — 25  by  Mr.  Glaisher  and  four 
by  Mr.  Welsh^ — for  successive  intervals  of  1000  feet  from  sea-level  to 
50(10  feet,  distinguishing  between  those  under  the  infiuence  of  cloud  from 
those  obtained  imder  a  clear  sky.  The  resulls  thus  derived  differ  widely 
from  those  exhibited  by  Mr.  Glalsher,  and  display  such  extreme  irre- 
gularity, there  being  scarcely  any  two  ont  of  the  whole  number  showing 
a  moderate  amount  of  agreement,  that,  on  taking  the  mean  of  the  whole 
series,  no  approach  to  unifortu  results  is  discernible  in  the  higher  regions. 
So  far  as  these  are  concerned,  I  have  thought  it  more  advisable  to  fix 
uj)on  a  wider  inten'al  for  the  successive  zones  of  elevation  than  that 
selected  by  Mr.  (ilaishor,  and  in  the  following  table  I  have  shown  the 
mean  of  the  results  obtained  under  a  clear  sky  from  the  ground  up  to 
4000  feet,  and  Ihence  at  successive  intervals  of  3000  feet,  or  nearly 
1000  metres. 

I  have  extended  the  table  to  the  height  uf  liS.OOO  feet,  although, 
excluding  the  anomalous  results  of  the  ascent  of  the  1 7th  of  July,  1 862, 
the  observations  between  22,000  and  25,000  feet  are  limited  to  Ihoeo 
made  in  the  ascent  of  the  5th  September,  1862.  As  to  everything 
exceeding  that  height,  it  is  impossible  not  to  notice  the  grave  deficiency 
in  scientific  caulion  displayed  by  Mr.  Glaisher  in  dealing  with  the  results 
of  that  famous  ascent,  in  which  ho  so  nearly  sacrificed  his  life  in  the 
cause  of  Bcience.  At  page  448  of  the  lieport  of  1862,  we  find  ohmmai 
and  adopted  temperatures  between  the  heights  of  35,000  and  29,000  feet, 
the  figures  decreasing  in  regular  progression,  from  —  l"-  6  P.  at  2S, 
feet  to  -  5°-3  F.  at  29,000  feet.     On  turning  to  the  record  of  the 


H 


Br  THE  BABOM£T£B.  451 

observations  made  in  that  ascent  (page  422),  we  find  that  two  observa- 
tions at  about  the  level  of  25,350  feet  gave  the  temperature  —  2*^  F., 
and  that  one  observation  was  made  at  26,350  feet,  when  the  thermometer 
marked  —  5°.  Above  that  height,  Mr.  Glaisher  became  insensible,  and 
the  only  fact  ascertained  was  that  a  delicate  minimum  thermometer  fell 
to  —  12°  at  a  height  which  it  is  impossible  to  determine. 

In  the  table  for  clear  sky  observations  I  have  excluded  not  only  the 
observations  made  in  the  midst  of,  or  near  to,  cloud,  but  also  the 
anomalous  results  of  the  ascent  of  the  17th  of  July,  1862.  With  regard 
to  those  made  under  what  Mr.  Glaisher  denominates  a  partially  dear 
sky,  I  am  led  from  close  examination  to  rank  most  of  them  under  the 
heading  claudy  shy;  as  even  in  the  condition,  so  common  in  these  islands, 
of  scattered  clouds  at  a  moderate  elevation,  it  is  clear  that  they  exercise 
a  disturbing  influence  on  the  temperature  of  the  air.  In  this  respect, 
Mr.  Glaisher  was  very  unfortunate.  Out  of  twenty-five  ascents  there  are 
only  five  in  which  the  conditions  of  the  higher  regions  were  favourable 
enough  to  make  it  possible  to  utilise  his  results.  Mr.  Welsh's  ascents 
in  1852  were  accomplished  under  far  better  conditions.  That  of  the 
26th  of  August  was  almost  completely  free  from  clouds,  and  in  those  of 
the  21st  of  October  and  10th  of  November  no  clouds  were  encountered 
above  the  level  of  5000  feet.  I  am  disposed  to  attribute  to  the  results 
of  Mr.  Welsh's  ascents  in  the  higher  region  a  value  at  least  equal  to 
that  obtained  from  Mr.  Glaisher's  more  numerous  observations ;  and  I 
have  shown  in  separate  columns,  the  general  means  as  obtained  by  giving 
equal  value  to  the  results  of  each  ascent,  and  by  giving  equal  value  to 
the  separate  means  resulting  from  Mr.  Welsh's  and  Mr.  Glaisher's 
observations. 

With  regard  to  the  lower  region,  within  a  distance  of  4000,  or 
perhaps  5000  feet  from  the  surface,  the  temperature  of  the  air  is  directly 
affected  by  that  of  the  earth,  which  contributes  a  new  and  important 
agent  to  the  complex  causes  already  in  operation.  When  the  earth  receives 
more  heat  from  the  sun  than  it  loses  by  radiation  to  the  sky,  the 
adjoining  air  is  heated  beyond  the  temperature  which  it  would  possess 
if  the  earth  were  a  neutral  body,  and  although  in  such  a  condition 
portions  of  heated  air  arise  and  diffuse  heat  through  the  overlying  strata, 
this  process  does  not  extend  very  far,  and  the  natural  result  is  that  the 
decrement  of  temperature  is  greatest  in  the  lowest  zone  and  diminishes 
rather  rapidly  as  we  rise  through  the  successive  zones  of  equal  height. 
We  should  expect  to  find  a  reverse  effect  on  serene  nights,  when 
the  earth  loses  heat  rapidly  by  radiation,  and  in  a  more  marked  degree 
in  winter,  especially  when  the  surface  is  covered  with  snow.  We  may 
infer  that,  apart  from  other  disturbing  causes,  the  nature  and  amount 
of  the  effect  produced  by  the  vicinity  of  the  surface  will  vary  with  the 
season  and  the  hour  at  which  the  observation  is  made.  But  in  our 
climate  one  disturbing  cause  is  in  frequent  operation  at  all  seasons,  and 


452  ox  THC  KIEASURGMEXT  OF  HEIGHTS  ^^H 

renders  the  actual  results  liiglilyootnples  and  hregtilar.  Independently 
of  the  effect  which  clouJs  produce  in  the  region  where  they  are  formed, 
or  where  ttoy  are  disHJpated,  their  presence  sorvea  aa  a  soreon  to  diminish 
the  heating  effect  of  aolar  radiation,  but  still  more  lessens  the  cooling 
effect  of  radiation  from  the  earth  to  the  sky. 

I  have  sot  down  in  the  table  for  the  observations  under  a  clear  sky 
the  mean  results  obtained  for  each  auccesHive  zone  of  1000  feet  from  the 
gronnd  to  5000  feet  above  the  sea ;  to  which  1  have  added  a  separate 
table  showing  the  rate  of  decrement  between  the  same  intervals  of 
height  derived  from  all  the  observations  made  under  a  cloudy  sky,  with 
a  separate  column  giving  the  mean  result  of  all  the  ohserrations.  In 
forming  the  latter  table  1  have  omitted  the  observations  made  on 
5th  April,  1804,  when  exceptional  conditions  evidently  prevailed,  and  the 
interval  between  the  ground  and  the  height  of  1000  feet  observed  on  Slst 
August,  1663,  as  to  the  accuracy  of  which  Mr.  Glaishor  expresses  doubt. 

In  both  tables  I  have  taken  as  the  measure  of  the  rate  of  decrement 
of  temperature  the  number  of  degrees  of  Fahrenheit's  scale  corrospondiug 
to  a  vertical  rise  of  1000  feet,  and  I  have  carried  the  computation  to  two 
places  of  decimals,  not  because  I  suppose  great  accuracy  to  be  attainable, 
but  because  the  resulting  figures  are  more  accurately  comparable.  The 
figures  within  brackets  prefixed  to  the  mean  results  indicate  the  number 
of  ascents  from  w-hich  each  has  been  derived. 

I  should  here  remark  that,  nt  the  best,  the  results  shown  in  these 
tables  can  be  regarded  merely  as  rough  approximations,  as  there  are 
many  soui-eea  of  unavoidable  on-or  in  the  records  of  the  observations. 
Thermometers,  however  delicate,  do  not  inalantly  acquire  the  tempera- 
ture of  the  surrounding  air;  in  general  the  temperatures  marked  in  an 
ascent  are  too  high;  those  in  tho  descent  are  too  low.  A  farther  diffi- 
culty arises  from  the  fact  that  however  carefully  the  instruments  are 
shaded,  tho  substances  used  to  shade  them  become  sensibly  heated  hy 
exposure  to  the  sun,  and  affect  the  indications  of  the  thermometer.  The 
observations  are  not  usually  strictly  simultaneous,  and  if  made  by  a 
single  observer,  it  is  not  possible  that  the  temperature  should  correspond 
accurately  with  tho  oalculated  height.  It  may  also  be  remarked  that 
during  periods  of  rapid  ascent  or  descent  the  motion  of  the  balloon  must 
give  rise  to  local  currents  in  the  surrounding  air  which  may  probably 
aSect  the  indications  of  the  barometer.  Again,  tho  heights  wore  calcu- 
lated,  both  by  Mr.  Welsh  and  Mr.  Glaisher,  by  a  formula  involving  an 
assumed  law  of  decrement  of  temperature  which  is  probably  incorrect. 
In  several  of  the  ascents  it  can  be  shown  that  the  law  of  decrement 
involved  in  Laplace's  formula  deviates  widely  from  the  actual  oonditiona 
prevailing  at  the  time  of  the  observation.  At  great  elevations  it  is 
probable  that  the  calculated  height  exceeds  the  truth  in  many  caseB, 
eapeoially  when  the  temporatui-e  recorded  is  higher  than  the  ■ 
temperature  of  the  air. 


BY  THE  BAROMETER. 


453 


I  must  farther  add  that,  after  bestowing  much  labonr  on  the  task,  I 
have  found  great  difficulty  in  utilising  Mr.  Qlaisher's  observations  in 
the  higher  ascents,"  and  therefore  affix  a  note  of  interrogation  to  the 
figures  expressing  the  mean  results,  although  the  errors  cannot  be  very 
<x>nsid6rable.  Not  to  speak  of  minor  discrepancies,  the  figures  sot  down 
for  the  calculated  heights  in  many  instances  do  not  correspond  with  the 
recorded  observations  of  the  barometer  and  thermometer.  Whether 
these  discrepancies'have  arisen  from  misprints,  or  from  errors  of  calcu- 
lation, it  is  now  impossible  to  determine. 

Table  I. — Showing  the  Mean  Bate  of  Decrement  of  Temperature  found  under  clear 
skylin  halloon  ascents  by  Messrs.  Welsh  and  Qlaisher. 


• 

Bate  of  Decrement  -  No.  of  Degrees  cocraeponding  1 

of  1000  Feet. 

k>  a  Difference 

Interral  of  Height. 

General  Mean. 

Mean  of 

Mr.  Webb's 

Ascents. 

Mean  of 

Mr.  Glaisber's 

Ascents. 

General  Mean, 

allowing  Kqiial 

Value  to  each 

Ascent. 

allowing  Kqual 

Valne  to  the 

Results  of 

Mr.  Welsh  and 
Mr.  Qlaisher. 

o 

o 

o 

o 

Ground  to   1,000  feet 

(1)  2-50 

(4)   3-79 

(5)  3-53 

•« 

1,000   „    2,000  „ 

(1)  2-40 

(4)  8-86 

(5)  S-57 

•  • 

2,000   „    3,003   „ 

(1)  4-90 

(4)  2-53 

(5)  3-00 

•• 

3,000    „    4,000  „ 

(1)  3-56 

(4)   2-79 

(5)  2-95 

•  • 

4,000   „    6,000   „ 

(2)  2-08 

(4)  2*86 

(6)  2-62 

•• 

Ground  „    4,000  „ 

(1)   3-31 

(3)  3-26 

(4)  3-27 

•• 

4,000   „    7,000  „ 

(2)  2-70 

(2)  2-21 

(4)  2-46 

2-46 

7,000   „  10,000  „ 

(3)   1-69 

(5)  2-83 

(8)  2-40 

2*26 

10,000    „  13,000   „ 

(3)  3-55 

(5)  2-34 

(8)  2-79 

2-94 

13,000   „  16,000   „ 

(2)  2-60 

(4)   2-22 

(6)  2-35 

2*41 

16,000    „  19.000  „ 

(2)  3  03 

(4)   1-11? 

(6)   1-75 

207 

19,000    „  22,000   „ 

(1)  3-33 

(4)   1-63? 

(5)   1-97 

2-48 

22,000   „  25,000   „ 

•  • 

(1)   200? 

(I;  2-0 

•  • 

Mean  rate  of  decrement 
abore  4,000  feet    .. 

2-82 

2-05 

2-25 

2-37 

Table  XL — Showing  the  Mean  Rate  of  Decrement  of  Temperature  in  snooessiTe  zones 
of  1000  feet  of  elevation  from  the  ground  to  5000  feet,  derived  from  balloon  ascents 
by  Messrs.  Welsh  and  Glaisher. 


Interrals  of  Height 


Gioond  to  1,000  feet 
1,000    „  2,000 
2,000    „  3,000 
8,000    „   4,000 
4,000    „  5,000 


Mean  Rate  in 

ObservatiunH  with 

Clear  Sky. 


»» 


»» 


>» 


»» 


(5) 
(5) 
(5) 
(5) 
(6) 


3-53 
3-57 
3-00 
2-95 
2-62 


Mean  Rate  in 

ObMrvations  with 

Cloody  Sky. 


(20) 
(21) 
(20) 
(18) 
(16) 


3-98 
3-29 
3*08 
2-32 
2*28 


General  Mean  Rate 
of  Decrement. 


(25) 
(26) 
(25) 
(23) 
(22) 


3*89 
334 
306 
2*48 
2-37 


The  figures  giyen  in  Table  I.  sufficiently  dispose  of  the  assertion 
tliat  balloon  observations  justify  a  belief  in  the  gradual  and  continuous 


4&i 


OS  THE  JIEASUHEIIEKT  OF  nilGHTS 


dimimition  in  the  rale  of  ilecrement  as  we  ascend  to  t!ie  higher  regions 
of  the  atmosphere.  Oii  the  average  results  of  the  liigher  asccuts  thu 
moat  rapid|fall  of  temperature  ie  found  between  10,000  and  13,000  feet 
above  sea-level ;  and  in  general,  if  we  except  the  lowest  zone  wfhin 
1000  or  1500  feet  of  ihe  surface,  the  instances  of  a  very  mpid  fall  of  the 
thermometer  occur  more  frequently  at  great  height*,  between  15,00") 
and  22,000  foot,  than  they  do  at  intermediate  elevations. 

The  case;  is  different,  as  clearly  appears  from  Table  II.,  when  we 
consider  only  the  condition  of  the  lower  strata  of  the  atmosphere, 
Although  the  general  result  given  by  me  ie  far  less  marked  than  that 
derived  by  Mr.  Glaisher,  it  is  clear  that  within  a  distance  extending  in 
onr  climate  to  3000  or  4000  feet  from  the  surface,  the  rate  of  decrement 
of  temperature  diminished  in  each  successive  zone  of  altitude  nearly  in 
the  ratio  of  8  in  the  lowest  zone  to  5  in  that  between  3000  and  40OO  feet. 
Between  4000  and  5000  feet  the  average  rate,  as  deduced  from  all  the 
observations,  is  nearly  the  same  as  that  of  all  the  higher  zones.  Con- 
sidering the  great  irregularity  of  the  results  obtained  in  the  several 
ascents,  I  do  not  attach  importance  to  the  figures  shown  in  Table  II.  as 
quantitative  results,  but  the  general  agreement  is  sufficient  to  prove 
that  as  regards  Ihe  lower  strata  of  tho  atmosphere  the  assumption  of  a 
uniform  rate  of  decrement  cantkot  be  adopted  as  the  basis  of  a  formula 
for  the  reduction  of  barometric  observations  made  by  day.  That 
ajsumption  would  on  the  average  give  a  mean  temperatiire  of  tiie 
column  between  the  higher  and  lower  stations  higher  than  the  true 
mean  temperature,  and  therefore  bring  out  heights  exceeding  tho  true 
amount. 

This  statement,  however,  can  be  safely  applied  only  to  observations 
made  by  day  in  tho  climate  of  these  is;lands.  I  have  no  doubt  that  if 
we  could  compare  the  results  of  an  equal  number  of  night  ascents,  or  of 
ascents  made  in  winter  in  countries  where  the  sky  ia  frequently  clear, 
and  where  snow  lies  on  the  ground,  we  should  find  results  not  only 
different,  but  opposite  in  character.  We  might  expect  to  find  a  very 
slow  rate  of  decrement  near  the  surface,  and  even  a  riso  of  temperature 
in  tho  lowest  zone. 

The  wide  difference  between  the  results  given  in  Table  II.  and  those 
exhibited  by  Mr.  Glaisher,  must  strike  the  reader  who  has  studied  hie 
report.  Tho  chief  cause  of  this  is  to  bo  found  in  tho  method  adopted  by 
Mr.  Glaisher  for  estimating  tho  decrement  of  temperature  in  tho  lowe^ 
zone,  which  is  certainly  baaed  on  an  erroneous  principle.  Unmindful 
of  the  fact  that  the  rapid  fall  of  temperature  usually  observed  in  warm 
weather  as  the  balloon  rises  through  the  first  few  hundred  feet  is  due  to 
the  near  proximity  of  the  heated  surface,  he  has  assumed  that  an  equally 
rapid,  or  oven  more  rapid,  rato  of  fall  would  bo  fuuod  in  ascending 
1000  feet  from  the  level  of  the  sea.  In  moat  of  hie  ascents  Mr.  Glaisher 
Btarted  from  places  varying  in  height  from  250  to  500  feet  above  sea- 


BY  THE  BAROMETER.  455 

level,  and  he  has  entered,  under  the  heading  Observed  Temperature,  not 
any  temperature  actually  recorded,  bnt  what  he  inferred  as  the  probable 
temperature  at  the  sea-level.  To  give  a  single  instance,  but  by  no 
means  the  most  glaring  that  might  be  selected,  I  shall  take  the  ascent 
of  5th  September,  1862.  Starting  from  Wolverhampton,  at  a  height  of 
490  feet  above  the  sea,  the  observations  gave  the  following  readings : — 

Height.  Temperature. 

400  feet  59*5°  Fahr. 

720    „  59 

1)09    „  57-2       „ 

HSO    „  55*5       „ 

•In  Mr.  Glaisher's  Table  III.  we  find  the  following  entries : — 


Height  above 
Sea-leveL 


feet 
0 
1000 
20U0 


Obeerved 
Temperature. 


Adopted 
Temperature. 


62-0 
57-5 
530 


77-2 

70 

G5 


As  a  result  we  find  in  Table  IV.  the  fall  of  temperature  recorded  in 
that  ascent  entered  as  follows : — 


Height 
0  to  1000  feot 
1000  „  2000    ,. 


Temperature. 
.       7-2 
.       5'0 


In  framing  the  table  above  given  by  me  I  estimated  the  rate  of 
decrement  in  the  lowest  zone,  from  the  ground  to  1000  feet,  at  4°.  The 
reader  may  judge  which  best  represents  the  observations. 

The  general  conclusion  to  which  we  are  led  by  the  discussion  of 
balloon  ascents  is  that  the  relntion  between  temperature  and  elevation, 
in  the  climate  of  England  and  in  day  observations,  is  most  nearly  repre- 
sented by  a  hyperbola  of  which  the  branches,  at  heights  exceeding 
4000  feet,  are  nearly  parallel  to  the  asymptotes,  and  therefore  deviate 
little  from  a  straight  line ;  always  subject  to  the  condition  that,  owing 
to  the  presence  of  currents  of  unequal  temperatures,  the  temperature  at 
any  given  point  and  given  moment  of  time  may  differ  widely  from  that 
represented  by  the  curve,  or  by  any  formula  based  upon  it. 

I  think  it  probable  that  balloon  ascents  executed  in  the  tropics,  and 
especially  near  the  Equator,  would  show  a  much  nearer  approach  to 
regularity  in  the  vertical  distribution  of  temperature  than  we  can 
expect  to  find  in  temperate  latitudes,  where  atmospheric  currents  differing 
much  in  temperature  become  intermixed.  Such  ascents,  well  conducted, 
in  well-selected  parts  of  the  earth,  are,  I  venture  to  think,  among  the 
desiderata  of  physical  science. 

If  it  were  possible,  by  means  of  repeated  balloon  ascents,  to  acquire 
a  more  accurate  knowledge  than  we  now  possess  of  the  distribution  of 


456  OX  THE  MEAStJRBlSIENT  OK  HEIGHTS 

temperatui'O  at  oonsi  Jeralile  distancee  from  the  earth's  Burface,  the  reenlt 
8o  obtained  -would  he  of  much  value  to  the  astronomer  for  the  more 
accurata  detorminatioo  of  the  amount  of  atmoHpheric  refraction,  ,hul 
would  ho  of  comparatively  elight  ubo  in  the  determination  of  heights  hy 
means  of  the  barometer  or  other  instruments  for  measuring  atmoepherio 
pressure.  In  ascending  mountains  ve  are  always  near  to  the  earth's 
surface,  and  the  column  of  air  between  the  summit  and  the  lower  station 
has  its  temperature  largely  influenced  by  radiation  from  the  surface  aad 
by  convection.  Further  than  this,  the  slopes  of  mountains  are  the 
highways  of  ascending  and  descending  currents,  which  lose  heat  by 
expansion,  or  gain  it  by  contraction.  Another  agency,  M-bich  is  usually 
present  in  mountain  countries,  is  that  of  aquootis  vapour,  which  gives 
out  beat  in  condensation,  or  abstracts  it  when  it  resumes  the  gaseous 
state.  The  temperature  found  on  the  slope  or  the  summit  of  a  mountain 
is  the  momentary  result  of  all  these  agencies ;  and,  when  we  consider 
their  complexity,  we  may  be  led  to  despair  of  the  possibility  of  dis- 
covering any  general  law  regulating  the  vortical  dietrihution  of  tempera' 
ture  in  mountain  coimtries  which,  when  embixiied  in  a  formula,  might 
enable  ua  to  derive  accurate  measurements  of  heights  from  harometrio 
observations.  Nevertheless,  as  it  is  from  such  observations  alone  that 
we  derive  our  knowledge  of  the  relief  of  the  surface  in  the  larger  part 
of  the  world,  it  is  necessary  to  appeal  to  the  results  of  observation  to 
guide  us  to  an  empirical  law  to  be  provisionally  adopted  for  the  solntiim 
of  the  problem. 

It  is  unfortunately  true  that  we  are  as  yet  very  ill  supplied  with 
the  knowledge  which  might  be  acquired  l.>y  suitable  observations  ooii- 
ducted  with  a  view  to  this  special  object ;  but  the  further  I  have  been 
able  to  investigate  the  subject,  the  more  I  have  been  impressed  with  the 
conviction  that  the  conditions  of  different  regions  of  the  earth  are  so 
different,  that  no  single  formula  can  be  even  approximately  correct,  and 
that  in  reducing  tho  results  of  observations  su])plied  by  travellers  and 
explorers,  different  formulsa  should  be  adopted  according  to  tho  region 
whence  they  are  derived.  That  is  one  of  the  chief  practical  conoInBions 
to  which  the  present  paper  is  directed. 

Deferring  some  remarks  on  the  results  of  observations  in  the  north 
temperate  zone,  especially  in  Europe  and  North  America,  I  desire  to 
direct  attention  to  the  available  materials  supplied  by  observations  in 
the  tropics.  It  is  truo  that  these  ore  not  nearly  extensive  enough  to 
justify  positive  conclusions ;  but,  as  far  as  they  go,  they  lend  no  support 
to  the  belief  that  decrement  of  temperature  in  that  zone  is  more  rapid  in 
the  lower  strata  than  in  the  higher  regions.  The  well-known  table 
given  by  Humboldt,  as  the  result  of  bis  own  observations  and  thoro  of 
Caldas  and  Boussingault,  which  has  been  copied  by  many  writers  on 
physics,  appears  at  first  sight  to  point  to  a  directly  opposite  oonolnsion. 
The  interval  of  500  toises  corresponds  very  nearly  to  one  of  SOOO  English 


1 

d 

d 
e 
d 

I 


B7  THE  BAROMETER. 


457 


feet,  and  it  will  be  seen  that  the  fall  of  temperature  in  ascending  &om 
500  to  1000,  and  from  1000  to  1500  toises,  is  very  much  less  than  in 
passing  from  1500  to  2000,  and  from  2000  to  2500  toises.  I  have  added 
a  colonm  in  the  following  table  to  make  the  results  more  readily  com- 
parable with  those  obtained  in  balloon  ascents,  as  above  given : — 


Height  in 
^  Toises. 

Mesn 
Temperature. 

Nnmlier  of  Metres 

corresponding  to  a 

Fall  of  lO  C.  from 

tbe  Sea-leveL 

Nnmber  of  Metres 

corresponding  to  a 

Fall  of  1°  C.  between 

successive  Zones  of 

500  Toises. 

Rate  of  Decrement  in 
degrees  Fahr.  corre- 
sponding to  a  difference 
of  Height  of  1000  feet  in 
each  successive  Zone. 

Sea-level 
500 
1000 
1500 
2000 
2500 

27-5 
21-8 
18-4 
14-3 
70 
1-5 

•  • 

171 
216 
221 
190 
187 

•  • 

171 
287 
238 
133 
177 

o 

3-21 
1-91 
2-30 
4-12 
3-17 

No  safe  conclusions  can,  however,  be  drawn  from  this  table.  Irre- 
spective of  other  causes  of  error,  most  of  the  stations  at  which  observa- 
tions were  taken  between  800  and  1500  toises  above  sea-level  were 
situated  on  plateaux  where,  as  experience  has  proved  in  all  parts  of  the 
world,  the  temperature  is  much  higher  than  on  isolated  summits,  and 
where  in  consequence  the  rate  of  decrement  of  temperature  is  unduly 
lowered. 

Of  much  greater  value  are  the  observations  made  by  Mr.  Whymper 
in  the  Andes  of  Ecuador.  These,  unfortunately,  are  not  yet  fully 
published,  and  I  have  seen  none  but  the  summary  which  appeared  in 
the  *  Proceedings '  of  the  Royal  Geographical  Society  for  1881,  p.  461.  I 
have  discussed  the  results  of  his  observations  elsewhere,*  and  shall  here 
merely  give  a  summary  in  a  form  admitting  of  comparison  with  those 
of  balloon  ascents  in  the  preceding  pages.  As  before,  the  rate  of  decre- 
ment is  shown  by  the  number  of  degrees  of  Fahrenheit  corresponding  to 
a  rise  of  1000  feet.  Excluding  three  ascents  in  which  the  conditions 
were  manifestly  exceptional,  I  find  the  following  results : — 


Places  Compared. 


Sea-level  and  Quito 

Quito  to  three  lower  peaks       

Mean  of  thxee  lower  and  that  of  two  higher' 


Mean  of  two  higher  peaks  (Cavambe    and 

Gotopazi)  compared  with  Ohimborazo  (first 

.   ascent)      


I 


Bate  of  Decrement 


2-43 
2-81 

3-77 


4-96 


It  is  quite  possible  that  local  conditions  affecting  the  moist  climate 
of  Ecuador  may  produce  exceptional  results,  and  that  observations  in 

•  •  Notes  of  a  Naturalist  in  South  America,'  London,  Kegan  Paul  &  Co.,  1877. 


466  ON  THE  JIEASUBOIENT  OP  HEIGHTS 

the  Andei  of  Pern  and  Bolivia  may  eicliibit  a  difleitnt  distriboliaii  of 
temperaturi.',  and  it  is  also  true  that  Mr.  Whympcr'a  observations  are 
not  numerous  enough  fo  justify  positive  conclusions;  but,  so  far  as  they 
go,  they  indicate  that  near  the  Equator  the  rate  of  decrement  of  tempe- 
rature becomes  more  rapid  in  ascending  to  great,  heights,  and  C011B&- 
qucntly  that  a  formula  based  on  a  different  assumption  would  give,  for 
the  higher  suuiiaits,  results  loss  than  the  true  measure. 

Some  observations  made  in  Pern  and  Bolivia  by  Mr.  F.  Copeland,  at 
intervals  between  the  months  of  Februarj-  and  Juno,  seeai  to  indicate  a 
very  rapid  fall  in  temperature  in  ascending  from  the  plateau  surronndiiig 
the  Lake  of  Titicaca,  at  an  elevation  «f  about  12,600  feet,  to  the  ridge 
dividing  this  from  the  coast  region  of  Peru,  the  height  of  the  Btation  at 
Viucooaya  being  14,300  feet.  There  is  some  reason  to  think  that  a 
similar  rapid  full  of  temperature  ia  found  at  about  the  same  height 
elsewhere  in  the  Peruvian  Andes. 

In  tropical  Asia  the  available  materials  are  almost  limited  to  the 
British  dominions  and  to  mountain  stations  of  moderate  height.  Being 
derived  from  widely  separated  stations,  they  throw  little  light  on  the 
vortical  distribution  of  temperature,  but  show  a  near  agreement  in  the 
general  result  as  to  sttitions  between  4000  and  G200  feet  above  tho  Bca. 
giving  an  average  rate  of  decrement  varying  from  3°' 6  to  S'-S  of 
Fahrenheit  for  1000  feet  of  a'cent 

In  the  subtropical  zone,  from  lat,  23'  to  lat.  35',  Humboldt's  observa- 
tions in  Mexico  on  mountains  near  to  the  tropic  show  an  average  decre- 
ment of  2°'92  F.  per  1000  foot,  but  do  not  afford  any  information  as  to 
the  comparative  rato  of  decrement.  In  subtropical  Asia  we  have  a 
valuable  series  of  observations,  giving  tho  monthly  and  yearly  means  of 
tho  temperatures  at  three  hill-stations  on  the  southern  decUvi^  of  the 
nimalayns  compared  with  those  of  stations  in  the  neighbouring  plains. 
The&o  illustrate  the  important  effects  of  differences  of  climate  and  season 
upon  tho  rate  of  decrement  of  temperature.  The  three  stations,  as  to 
which  I  have  extracted  particnlais  from  the  ' Indian  Meteorologist's 
Vado-Mecum,'  by  H.  F.  Blanford,  are  Darjeeling,  C55o  feet  above 
Gualpara,  which  ia  386  feet  above  sea-level,  with  -a  moist  olimata,  0%'er- 
looking  tho  hot  and  damp  plains  of  Bengal ;  Chakrata,  C1Q5  feet  abovo 
Roorkee,  which  is  8S6  feet  above  the  sea,  near  the  border  of  Enmaon  in 
the  North-west  Himalaya,  with  a  moderately  dry  climate  ;  and  Murree, 
J817  feet  above  Eawul  Piniloe  (1650  feet  above  the  sea),  near  the 
northern  frontier  of  the  Punjab,  with  an  arid  climate,  where  tho  sky  is 
iisually  clear  throughout  tho  year."  The  mean  decrement  of  tempera- 
ture per  1000  feet  of  elevation  at  the  three  stations  is  as  foUowe: — 

*  Tbe  leenlta  given  by  Mr.  Blnnforil  diSer  considorably  froin  tboic  contained  in 
Dr.  Woiokors  recent  irork  'Die  Klimate  der  Erdc'    la  the  laltcr  Tolmne  the  fij 
set  down,  in  metrical  meature,  lot  iite  deoremcot  of  temperature,  do  not  ii 
agree  with  the  mean  temperntates  recorded. 


Dmanr^^H 


Br  THE  BAROMETER.  459 

JJarjeeling,  3^-09  P.»;  Chakrata,  2** -94;  Munco,  2'-l.  In  all  these 
obserrationB  tlie  inflaence  of  season  is  very  marked.  At  Darjeeling  in 
summer  the  abundant  rains  raise  the  temperature,  and  the  decrement  of 
heat  is  less  than  in  the  comparatively  dry  winter  season.  In  the  three 
summer  months — June,  July,  and  August — the  mean  rate  is  2^*66  per 
1000  feet,  while  in  the  winter — December,  January,  and  February — 
the  mean  rate  rises  to  3^*4.  At  Chakrata  the  conditions  are  reversed, 
and  the  rate  is  least  (2® '16)  in  winter,  and  greatest  (3^*5)  in  the  early 
summer.  At  Murree  the  contrast  between  the  different  seasons  is  still 
more  marked.  In  summer  the  arid  plains  of  the  Northern  Punjab  are 
comparatively  more  heated  than  the  hill-country ;  in  winter  they  are 
cooled  by  radiation,  and  the  temperature  falls  below  the  normal  of  the 
latitude.  In  July  the  mean  decrement  is  3'^*  5  per  1000  feet ;  in  December 
it  is  not  more  than  1^*  13. 

By  far  the  most  important  observations  yet  made  in  tbo  Himalaya 
are  those  carried  on  by  Sir  Joseph  Hooker  in  1848  and  1849,  in  the 
course  of  his  explorations  in  Sikkim  and  the  adjoining  regions  of  Nepal 
and  Tibet.  Although  the  main  object  of  his  journey  was  the  advance- 
ment of  botanical  science,  which  he  enriched  by  so  many  important 
discoveries,  the  amount  of  work  accomplished  by  him  in  meteorology  is 
such  as  must  have  fully  taxed  the  energy  of  an  ordinary  scientific 
traveller.  In  the  appendix  to  his  Himalayan  Journals  he  has  given  in 
a  summaiy  form  the  results  of  more  than  3000  observations  for  pressure, 
temperature,  and  relative  humidity  of  the  air  between  the  plains  of 
Bengal  and  heights  exceeding  18,000  feet,  along  with  a  series  of  obser- 
vations with  the  barometer  and  the  boiling-point  thermometer.  The 
detailed  observations  have  not  been  published,  but  it  appears  that  they 
were  subject  to  great  irregularity,  due  to  local  conditions,  and  that  the 
influence  of  season  was  experienced  even  at  great  heights.  During  the 
dry  season  the  mean  rate  of  decrement  between  12,000  and  17,000  feet 
was  2^ '65  per  1000  feet,  while  during  the  rainy  season  the  rate  between 
12,000  and  18,000  feet  fell  to  2^-4.  Sir  Joseph  Hooker  gives  the 
following  as  the  approximate  mean  results  of  all  his  observations : — 

T^*»^.i  «r  IT.  i„u»  Kate  of  Decrement 

Interval  of  Height  p^^  jO^  ^^^ 

],000to   8,000  feet  above  sea-lcvcl 3^-33 

8,000  „  10,000         „  „  3°-13 

10,000  „  14,000         „  „  2^-87 

14,000  „  18,000         „  , 2°-5 

Tho  inference  to  bo  drawn  is  that  in  the  region  of  the  Himalaya 
affected  by  moist,  hot  winds,  the  rate  of  decrement  diminishes  as  we  ascend, 
and  that  the  formula  of  St.  Robert,  based  upon  that  assumption,  should  be 

•  The  results  given  by  Mr.  Blanford  agree  very  well  with  those  of  the  Observations 
taken  at  tho  same  height  at  Darjeeling  in  18^8  ami  1849  by  Sir  Joseph  Hooker.  I 
have  preferred  the  former,  because  they  arc  based  on  a  longer  series  of  observations. 


MO  ON  THE  MEASL'itEMEHT  OF  HEIGHTS 

employed  in  rodaoing  observations  with  the  barometer  made  by  day*, 
with  corrections  for  the  season  and  the  hour  which  may  hereafter  be 
determined.  It  did  not  escape  the  attention  of  Sir  Joseph  Hooker  Uiat 
the  dlstribiition  of  temperature  at  night  is  probably  different  from  that 
prevEiiling  by  day ;  and  during  the  rainy  season,  he  made  numerous  night 
oheervatiouB  which  were  compared  with  those  taken  at  the  eume  hours 
at  Darjeeling,  The  results  were  found  to  be  very  irregular ;  btit  the 
mean  of  those  at  seTcuteen  stations  lower  than  Darjeeling  gave  for  the 
fate  of  decrement  2' '  24,  while  those  at  twenty-one  stations  higher  than 
that  place  showed  the  rate  of  decrement  2^ '87.  So  far  as  they  go,  theee 
figures  indicate  a  different  distribution  of  temperature  by  night  from 
that  which  prevails  by  day. 

It  would  be  unsafe  to  infer  from  the  observations  in  the  Eastern 
Himalaya  that  a  similar  vertical  distribution  of  temperature  prevails 
throughout  the  entire  range.  I  am  not  acquainted  with  any  pabliahed 
observationB  bearing  on  the  subject,  but,  through  the  kindness  of 
General  Strachey,  I  have  been  enabled  to  make  use  of  a  valuable  series 
of  hourly  observations  made  by  him  in  Kumaon,  in  the  Western  Hima- 
laya, each  set  being  compared  with  eimultaneous  observations  Teoorded 
at  a  low&r  station,  The  primary  object  of  these  observations  was  to 
ascertain  the  horary  correction  for  the  determination  of  heights  by  the 
barometer,  but  incidentally  they  may  throw  a  little  light  on  tho  -vertical 
distribution  in  that  region.  The  following  table  gives  the  results,  the 
approximate  heights  of  the  stations  beuig  given  in  brackets.  I  should 
remark  that,  although  the  barometer  readings  are  recorded  to  the 
thousandth  part  of  an  inch,  those  of  the  thermometer  are  given  only  in 
the  nearest  whole  number  of  Fahrenheit's  scale.  As  I  find  that  the 
difference  of  temperature  between  tho  higher  and  lower  stations  varied 
widely  in  amount  according  to  tho  hour  selected  for  comparison,  I  have 
given  in  separate  columns  the  maximum  and  minimum^^  rates  of 
decrement,  with  the  hours  at  which  they  wero  obaer^ 


24  Oct 
Umd 
Jnly 
7-8  Oct 

17-21  Aug. 
22-23  Aug. 


(Kola  (2,320  ft.)  to  A] 
[  mom  (5,608  ft.)..  .. 
lAlmoni  (5,606  ft)  ti 
(  Cliinar  (8,640  ft.)  . . 
/Bitia  (&,S50  ft.)  to  Du 
\  datoli  (10,140  ft.)  .., 
(Jodiimftth  (6,280  ft.)  to' 
\  Nili(U,620ft.)..  ..J 
jNiti  (11,520  ft.)  to  KoBsal' 

\  (14,680  ft) ; 

/Niti  (11,520  ft.)  to  Lan-l 
■'{  jar  Camp  (16,440  ft.)  J 
l/Niti  (11.520  tl,)  tu  Lati-1 
|\    jar  Peak  (18,405  ft.)     ' 


BY  THE  BAROMETER.  461 

Perhaps  the  chief  practical  ooncliusion  to  be  drawn  from  this  table  is 
^hat  little  reliance  can  be  placed  on  the  results  of  observations  continnod 
:fbr  short  periods.  It  is  very  improbable — even  allowing  for  local 
^fierences — ^that  the  rate  of  decrement  in  February  at  the  lower  stations 
is  widely  different  from  that  observed  between  Boorkee  and  Chakrata, 
in  the  same  region,  and  at  no  great  distance ;  but  the  mean  decrement 
T)etween  those  places  at  that  season  is  not  more  than  2^*86  per  1000 
leet.  The  results  obtained  from  the  mean  of  the  month  of  July  and 
-that  of  five  days  in  August  command  greater  confidence.  The  circum- 
stance that  the  greatest  difference  of  temperature  and  most  rapid  rate 
of  decrement  is  found  at  night  or  before  sunrise  at  the  two  very  elevated 
stations  is  probaby  due  to  the  increased  cooling  effect  of  radiation 
at  heights  where  it  is  not  diminished  by  the  presence  of  a  sensible 
amount  of  dust,  or  of  aqueous  vapour.  It  seems  probable  that  in 
Snmaon,  as  well  as  in  the  Eastern  Himalaya,  the  rate  of  decrement 
^Liminishes  in  ascending  to  the  higher  region,  and  that  St.  Eobert's 
formula  is  that  which  should  be  adopted. 

In  the  temperate  zone  of  the  northern  hemisphere,  in  Europe  and 
^orth  America,  we  might  expect  ample  materials  for  forming  some 
general  oondusion  as  to  the  vertical  distribution  of  temperature  in  that 
3[>art  of  the  earth ;  but,  although  thousands  of  observations  are  annually 
Tnade  and  recorded,  so  little  attention  has  been  devoted  to  this  particular 
ambjeot  that  no  sufficient  results  are  available. 

Comparative  observations  conducted  at  several  well-selected  neigh- 
nbonring  stations,  on  the  plan  adopted  by  M.  Bauemfeind,  but  continued 
^throughout  the  year,  and  at  moderate  intervals  by  night  as  well  as  by 
^ay,  would  doubtless  largely  increase  our  knowledge,  and  facilitate  the 
3>Tactical  application  of  barometric  measurements ;  but  no  such  syste- 
imatic  obe^rvatioDS  are  as  yet  available.  It  cannot  as  yet  be  said  that 
onotintain  observations  throw  any  light  on  the  question,  whether,  apart 
:£rom  the  influence  of  the  season  and  the  hour,  the  rate  of  decrement  of 
ntemperature  near  the  earth's  surface  is  approximately  uniform,  or  is 
^x>nneoted  with  increasing  height  by  any  regular  relation. 

It  is  well  established  that  the  rate  of  decrement  is  modified  by  the 
"variable  conditions  which  mainly  depend  on  the  position  of  the  spot 
"^th  reference  to  the  sun,  and  therefore  on  the  latitude  and  the 
lour  of  the  day,  and  to  a  greater  extent  on  the  season  of  the  year. 
^beervatioBS  in  the  Alps,  in  Auvergne,  in  the  Caucasus,  on  Mount 
^Washington  in  Eastern  North  America,  and  on  Pike's  Peak  near  the 
^)entre  of  that  continent,  agree  in  showing  a  much  slower  rate  of  decre- 
anent  in  winter  than  in  summer.  The  proportion  varies  from  about 
^  :  10  in  dry  climates,  where  the  sky  is  usually  clear ;  to  9 :  10  in 
^naritime  stations,  where  the  presence  of  vapour  tends  to  equalise  the 
reasons. 

The^most  recent  important  contribution  to  the  discussion  of  this 


462  ox  THE  MEASUREMEST  OF  HEIGHTS 

BubJGct  IB  an  able  tract  by  Dr.  Eiihlraann."  He  has  prefaced  a  oarefiil 
bietorical  sketcb,  along  with  a  copious  catalogue  of  the  bibliography, 
neither  of  which,  however,  contains  any  reference  to  the  memoirs  of 
Belli  and  of  St.  Robert,  to  which  I  have  above  directed  attention.  The 
author  has  chiefly  occupied  himself  with  the  discnsBioa  of  the  disciep- 
ances  between  the  results  of  barometric  measurements  depending  on  the 
hour  and  the  season  of  observation.  Using  the  observatioDB  made  at 
the  five  station  a  on  the  Miesiug  by  Banerafeiud,  as  well  aa  the  tables 
giving  six  years'  observationa  at  Geneva  and  the  St.  Bernard,  he  has 
sought  to  distinguish  the  amount  of  eiTor  in  the  results  due  to  the 
variations  of  the  barometric  pressure,  from  that  resulting  from  the  differ- 
ence at  each  period  of  observation  between  the  true  mean  tomperatvre 
of  the  intervening  air,  and  the  meau  derived  from  the  thermometric 
observations.  Assuming  that  the  true  weight  of  the  column  of  air 
between  tho  two  stations  is  given  by  the  difference  of  barometric 
proBBurc  at  the  upper  and  lower  stations,  ho  has,  like  his  predecessors, 
taken  it  for  granted  that  the  true  moan  temperature  of  the  intervening 
air  is  that  which,  if  used  in  hie  own  formula,  will  give  the  true  difference 
of  height.  Butting  aside  the  observations  at  Geneva  and  the  St.  Bernard, 
which,  as  I  have  already  shown,  can  furnish  no  safe  conclusions,  I  hava 
carefully  examined  the  results  of  Eauemfeind's  observations  on  tho 
Miesiug  as  treated  by  M.  Itublinann,  with  tho  results  shown  in  Tables 
XII.  and  XIII.  of  his  work.  I  speedily  found  numerous  erron  of 
transcription  in  the  figures  given  in  his  twelfth  table,  and  deemed  it 
safer  to  recalculate  the  results  from  Eauemfeind's  original  obeervations. 
In  so  doing  I  have  pi'eferred  to  take  the  heights  derived  from  using  the 
mean  temperatures  and  pressure  of  aqueous  vapour  resulting  from  the 
observations  at  all  tho  five  stations  (given  in  the  seventh  colnmn  of 
Bauernfeind's  Table  XXVII.,  pp.  57,  58)  rather  thou  from  those  made 
only  at  the  upper  and  lower  station. 

I  have  confined  myself  to  the  comparison  between  the  lower  station, 
2794  Bavarian  feet  above  sea-level,  and  the  summit  station,  ()4S4  feet 
above  the  sea,  differing  in  height  by  3660  feet,  and  have  found  it  suffi- 
cient to  compare  the  observations  at  9  and  10  a.m.,  at  noon,  and  at  4  and 
5  p.m.  Following  the  example  of  M.  liiihlmann  I  have  neglected,  sb 
unimportant,  tho  trifling  differences  in  tho  mean  amount  of  aqueous 
vapour  at  each  observation,  and  have  not  attempted  to  attain  extreme 
accuracy.  Closer  calculation  would  give  rcBults  differing  from  mine  in 
the  second  place  of  decimals.  Omitting  as  misleading  the  observatigns 
made  during  the  morning  hours  ouiy  on  the  20th  August,  the  following 
table  gives  the  mean  results  from  five  days'  complete  observations, 
exceptiug  that  there  is  no  noon  observation  for  2-lth  August.  Tho 
second  column  gives  for  the  mean  of  tlm  period  the  difference  in  Faiia 

"  B„ItiiiiUiiniiii. 'Dio  Imrotoetriflchca  HuhcniiiPSBiingcn  n 
riiyaik  drr  Atmospbiiic,'  Leipzig,  1370. 


:j 


ny  THE  BAROMETER, 


468 


lines  between  the  barometers  at  the  two  stations ;  the  tliird  gives,  in 
Bavarian  feet,  the  mean  error  in  the  calculated  height  as  compared  with 
the  true  difference — 3660  feet ;  the  fourth  column  gives  the  mean  of  the 
thermometric  observations  at  all  the  stations  for  each  of  the  hours 
included  in  the  table  in  degrees  of  Reaumur's  scale,  and  not  Centigrade, 
as  erroneously  entered  by  RUhlmann ;  finally,  the  fifth  column  gives  the 
calculated  mean  temperature  of  the  intervening  air  on  H^umur's  scale. 

Results  of  Govpasisox  between  OBSEBVATioys  at  the  Hiqheb  and  Loweb 

Btations  ox  the  Miesing. 


Mean  Difference 

Calculated  True 

Tloura  of 

between 

Mc&n  Krror  In  the 

l^fe&n  of  Thormo- 

Mean  Temperature 

Observation. 

Barometers 
Corrected. 

C&lcuUted  Height. 

metric  Observations. 

of  the  Intervening 
Air. 

lit 

feet 

o 

o 

9  a.m. 

8613 

-    8 

13  09R. 

13-25  R. 

10  a.m. 

3611 

+    4 

14-00 

13-50 

Noon 

36-22 

+  19 

14-50 

13-78 

4  p.m. 

36-32 

-    4 

13-80 

13-18 

5  p.m. 

36-00 

-23 

12-69 

13-08 

At  the  first  sight  these  figures  appear  to  confirm  the  conclusion  that 
the  discrepancies  between  the  results  of  observation  and  those  of  actual 
measurements  may  be  fully  explained  by  the  difference  between  the  true 
temperature  of  the  air  and  the  mean  of  thermometric  observations.  The 
temperatures  assigned  for  the  different  hours  are  pretty  nearly  what 
might  have  been  expected,  and  are  far  more  probable  than  those  obtained 
by  Buhlmann,  who  makes  what  he  terms  the  true  mean  temperature 
increase  by  l°-8  E.  (or  over  4  degrees  of  Fahrenheit)  between  9  a.m.  and 
5  p.m.  They  undoubtedly  go  to  show,  what  is  in  itself  highly  probable, 
that  the  true  temperature  of  the  air  is  affected  only  to  a  moderate  extent 
by  the  diurnal  changes  which  are  exhibited  by  the  thermometer  near 
the  earth's  surface.  If  we  suppose  the  figures  above  set  down  to  indicate 
correctly  the  true  mean  temperature  of  the  air  at  the  hours  named,  it 
will  be  seen  that  the  amplitude  of  the  daily  oscillations  is  less  than  one- 
half  of  that  shown  by  the  thermometric  observations.  Between  9  a.m. 
and  noon  the  increase  is  about  half  a  degree  Beaumur,  corresponding  to 
an  increase  of  1°*4  in  the  thermometer  column;  and  between  noon  and 
5  pjn.  the  decrease  is  0^*  7  R.,  corresponding  to  a  fall  in  the  thermometric 
observations  of  1^*8  E. 

While  the  results  obtained  by  taking  the  mean  of  many  observations 
are  much  to  be  preferred  for  most  practical  purposes,  they  frequently 
lead  to  serious  error  when  the  object  is  to  trace  the  causes  of  physical 
phenomena,  and  this  remark  applies  especially  in  meteorology.  When, 
in  the  present  instance,  wo  come  to  examine  separately  the  results 
obtained  on  the  assumption  that  the  true  mean  temperature  is  ascertainable 
by  the  process  here  described,  we  find  many  results  so  improbable  that 
we  are  forced  to  doubt  of  the  validity  of  the  reasoning  on  which  they  are 

VOL.  II.  2  H 


464 


ON  THE  MEASUREMENT  OF  HEIGHTS 


based.  I  do  not  venture  to  give  at  length  the  grounds  upon  which  I 
arrive  at  this  negative  result,  but  I  find  that  I  can  give  sufficient  proof 
by  exhibiting  the  mean  results  of  the  same  set  of  observations  compar- 
ing those  for  successive  days  instead  of  those  for  different  hours  of  the 
same  day.  I  should  premise  that  no  observations  were  recorded  for  noon 
on  24th  August,  and  that  none  whatever  were  made  on  the  25th«  It  will 
be  remarked  that  the  temperature  fell  considerably  (on  the  average  more 
than  2°  Beaumur  at  all  the  stations)  between  the  24th  and  26th  August. 

Besultb  of  Five  Days'  Compahatiye  Observations  at  the  Higbeb  akd  Loweb 

Stations  ox  the  Miesino. 


Date. 

Metn  DifTerence 

between 

Baroroetert 

Corrected. 

Mean  Krror  (n 

the  Calculated 

Height. 

Mean  of 

Tbermometrlc 

Obeenrations  at 

Five  SUUons. 

Mean  of  Tbenno> 

metric  ObMnra- 

ttonaattbe 

Higher  and 

Lower  Stottona. 

Calcnlated  True 
Mean  Tempera- 
ture of  the  Inter- 
Tening  Air. 

22nd  Aug. 
23rd    „ 
24th    „ 
26th    „ 
27th    „ 

86*08 
85*68 
35-71 
86*52 
36*89 

feet 

-  3 

-  2 
±    0 
-13 
+    3 

12-96 
15*29 
14-97 
11*57 
13*40 

OR. 
13*07 
15  25 
14-36 
11*25 
13-35 

OK 
12*64 
12-80 
12*45 
14*08 
14*41 

It  will  be  seen  that  on  the  first  two  days  the  calculated  true  tem- 
perature was  below  the  thermometric  mean — notably  so  on  the  23rd — 
and,  allowing  for  the  absence  of  noon  observations  on  the  24th,  the 
proportion  was  about  the  same  on  that  day.  Though  the  difference  ia 
greater  than  might  be  anticipated,  it  may  bo  considered  not  altogether 
improbable.  But  when  we  compare  the  figures  given  for  the  24th  and 
26th  August,  we  find  that  the  calculated  mean  temperature  of  the  air 
rose  by  P*6  Reaumur  (or  3° -6  Fahr.)  at  the  same  time  that  the  mean 
of  the  temperatures  recorded  by  the  thermometer  fell  8° -4  B.,  or  about 
7° '6  Fahr.,  while  on  the  following  day  (27th)  the  calculated  mean 
temperature  continued  to  rise,  and  remained  at  1°  R.  above  the  thermo- 
metric mean.* 

To  my  mind,  these  anomalous  results  prove  that  some  important 
element  in  the  problem  has  been  omitted  from  consideration,  and  that 
the  difference  of  pressure  recorded  by  the  barometers  at  two  stations 
does  not  at  all  times  give  a  true  measure  of  the  weight  of  the  column 
of  air  corresponding  to  the  height  of  the  lower  and  upper  stations,  and 
therefore  that  the  true  temperature  of  the  intervening  air  cannot 
be  correctly  inferred  from  the  observations.  I  have  no  doubt  that  the 
chief  cause  of  the  anomalies  here  discussed  is  the  effect  of  ascending 

*  It  ^'ill  he  seen  that  in  the  above  table  I  have  added  a  column  for  the  mean 
temperatnre  of  the  tliermometers  observed  at  the  higher  and  lower  stations  for  com- 
parison with  that  giving  the  mean  of  observations  at  five  nearly  equidistant  stations. 
The  results  are  nearly  concordant  on  three  days,  and  the  differences  do  not  affect  the 
argument  here  advanced. 


B7  THE  BAROMETER.  465 

or  desoending  onrrents  on  the  indications  of  the  barometer,  and  that 
Bamond's  snggestion,  thongh  he  exaggerated  its  importance,  has  been 
nndnly  neglected  by  snbseqnent  investigators. 

Buhlmann  has  attempted  to  deduce  from  his  calculations  as  to  the 
tme  mean  temperatnre  of  the  air,  results  showing  the  law  regulating 
the  vertical  decrement  of  temperature  by  a  process  which  must  be 
described  as  a  glaring  instance  of  the  petitio  prtncipiu  Having  assumed 
in  page  77  that  the  relation  between  height  and  temperature  may  be 
expressed  by  a  linear  equation,  or,  ia  other  words,  that  the  decrement  is 
directly  proportional  to  the  height,  he  has  given  in  his  Table  XIII.  a 
series  of  figures  showing  for  each  hour  between  8  a.m.  and  6  p.m.  the 
true  mean  temperature  at  each  of  Bauernfeind's  intermediate  stations,  and 
the  number  of  metres  of  ascent  correspondimg  to  a  fall  of  1°  C.  Having 
assumed  that  the  true  mean  temperature  of  a  stratum  of  air  is  found  at 
the  middle  point  between  its  upper  and  lower  suifaces,  he  naturally  has 
no  difficulty  in  showing  that  the  rate  of  decrement  at  different  heights 
is  approximately  uniform.  It  is  not  too  much  to  say  that  this  portion 
of  Btihlmann's  work  is  altogether  misleading.  I  think  that  I  have 
shown  that  the  process  by  which  the  true  mean  temperature  of  the 
air  is  calculated  is  unsound  in  principle.  If  it  were  otherwise,  the 
results  obtained  by  him  are  not  correctly  derived  from  the  obervations, 
and  the  inferences  drawn  from  them  are  obtained  by  assuming  as  a 
basis  of  calculation  the  veiy  point  which  is  the  object  of  inquiry. 
Finally,  the  figures  set  down  in  the  5th,  6th  and  7th  columns  corre- 
spond to  degrees  of  B^aumur,  and  not  to  the  Centigrade  scale,  as  there 
stated. 

I  cannot  leave  this  branch  of  the  subject  without  reference  to  the 
views  of /jl.  M.  DTIKndeleef,  iwhich  were  published  in  the  'Archives 
des  Sciences  Physiques,'  of  Geneva,  for  1876,  and  which  have  been  to  a 
great  extent  adopted  by  M.  Woiekof  in  his  important  work,*  'Die 
JQunate  der  Erde.'  Starting  from  the  belief  that  the  distribution  of 
temperature  in  the  atmosphere  is  mainly  determined  by  the  amount  of 
expansion  in  ascending  to  a  higher  level,  which  is  inversely  proportional 
to  the  pressure,  M.  Mendeleef  believes  that  (apart  from  disturbances) 
iher^  must  be,  in  fact  as  well  as  in  theory,  a  simple  and  direct  relation 
between  temperature  and  pressure.  The  only  disturbances  which  he 
considers  important  are  those  caused  by  the  condensation  of  aqueous 
vapour,  or  its  return  to  the  gaseous  condition.  He  was  led  by  this  train 
of  reasoning  to  examine  the  records  of  Mr.  Glaisher's  balloon  ascents, 
and  to  deduce  as  an  empirical  result  the  simple  formula  <  =  C  +  A  H. 
I  being  the  temperature,  H  the  height  of  the  barometer,  C  the  tempera- 
ture at  the  superior  limit  of  the  atmosphere  where  the  pressure  dis- 
appears, and  A  a  constant  varying  with  the  season  and  the  position,  and 
mainly  depending  on  the  temperature  at  the  lower  station.    M.  Mendeleef 

*  The  (German  edition  publisliod  at  Jena,  H.  Costenoble,  1887. 

2h  2 


466  ON  THE  WEASUREMENT  OF  HEIGHTS 

concludes  that  the  limiting  temperature  C  rcraains  the  aamo  at  all' 
Beaaona  and  at  all  parte  of  the  earth  from  the  equator  to  the  poles  ;  and 
the  value  deduced  by  him  is  —  36°  of  the  Centigrade  scale, 

In  his  recently  pntlished  work  M.  Woiekof  atlaehos  much  import- 
ance to  M.  MendeleefB  theory,  but,  on  a  review  o!'  the  results  of  hallooa 
ascents  and  mountain  ohGervatioue,  estimates  the  value  of  0  at  —  42''  0. 
He  has  calculated  the  temperature  which  should  result  at  various  places 
from  the  mean  of  continuous  observations  made  at  a  higher  as  well  as  a 
lower  station  in  the  same  vicinity,  and  where  it  may  be  supposed  that 
the  effects  of  occaBional  disturbances  are  eliuiinateJ,  on  the  supposition 
that  the  simple  relation  between  temperature  and  pressure  su^ested  by 
M,  Mendoleef  holds  good  ■  and  has  set  the  figures  down  in  a  column 
beside  those  that  give  the  mean  results  of  the  actual  ol«ervations.  The 
comparison  shows  that  if  we  look  to  the  means  of  separate  mouths  ths 
temperature  varies  widely  from  that  indicated  by  M.  Mondeleefa 
formula,  hut  that  Ihe  means  derived  from  the  entire  year  show  a  fair 
amount  of  agreement.  I  find,  indeed,  on  referring  to  Mr.  GUiaher'i 
obserrations  in  balloon  ascents,  upon  which  M.  Mcndeleef  especially 
relied  in  confirmation  of  hia  views,  that,  while  the  observed  tem]M;Taturea 
at  the  higher  elevations  approxiutate  to  those  derived  from  M.  Slend»- 
leefs  formula,  they  deviate  widely  from  that  formula  when  the  com- 
parison is  extended  to  the  lower  zone,  within  4000  or  5O00  feet  of  tha- 
surface ;  and  that  this  remark  applies  to  the  winter  asoenta,  as  well  &■; 
to  those  made  in  summer. 

It  appears  to  me  that,  to  wiiafevor  extent  M.  Mendoleef's  formula  ia 
applicable  as  a  rough  approximation  to  the  law  of  decrement  of  tempera- 
ture within  a  moderate  distance  from  the  earth's  surface,  it  is  impossible, 
in  the  present  state  of  our  knowledge,  to  accept  the  supposition  that  the 
temperature  at  the  superior  limit  of  the  atmosphere  can  he  nearly  to 
high  as  that  which  follows  from  his  theory.  It  is,  indeed,  impossible  tO 
form  a  definite  conception  of  the  physical  condition  of  the  outermost 
stratum,  but,  whatever  else  may  exist  there,  it  does  not  seem  permissibls 
to  suppose  that  the  temperature  can  be  maintained  at  a  point  greatly 
superior  to  that  of  interplanetary  space.  Well-known  investigatioiii^ 
concur  in  assigning  to  this  a  temperature  of  fi-om  100  to  142° 
from  180  to  250''  Fahi'.,  below  the  frcoitinj^-point. 

Notwithstanding  the  reasons  given  by  M.  Woiekof  for  a 
ooncluaion,  it  alao  seems  to  me  incoiiceivahle  that  the  temperalure  at 
earth's  surface  should  remain  for  a  considerable  time  lower  than  that 
the  superior  limit  of  the  atmosphere,  of  whiuh  the  lower  efitimate 
—  42°  C.    We  know  that  the  mean  winter  temperature  of  a  large  traot 
of  Eastern  Siberia  is  below  th:it  figure,  and  that  the  observations  at^ 
Werchojansk  give  the  mean  lemperature  of  January  —  49°  C. 

Taking  i°  and  ('  to  denote  the  temperature,  and  p"  and  p'  the  pressure, 
as  indicated  by  the   baromefer  at  the  lovrer  and  higher  stations  re- 


i 
I 


Br  THE  BAROMETER. 


467 


£•-0 


It 


spectively,  M.  Mendeleef  arrives  at  the  formula  <*  =  C  + 

is  obyions  that  this  leads  to  the  inference  that  the  higher  the  temperature 
of  the  lower  station  the  greater  must  be  the  fall  of  temperature,  and 
the  more  rapid  the  rate  of  decrement  in  ascending  to  the  higher  station. 
Adopting  M.  Woiekofs  value  of  C  (—  42°  Cent.),  we  should  have  the 
following  results  for  a  barometric  pressure  at  the  higher  station  of 
24  inches.  I  give  the  amount  of  fall  of  temperature  between  the  sea- 
level  and  the  higher  station  corresponding  to  different  temperatures  at 
the  sea-level  and  the  approximate  rate  of  decrement  in  degrees  of 
Fahrenheit  per  1000  feet. 


Barometric 

Preesureat 

Upper  SUtion. 


inches 
24 


>» 

n 


Temperature 
At  Sea-level. 


op. 
86 
59 
32 


Temperature 

at  upper 

Station. 


60*08 
38-48 
16-88 


Rate  of 
Decrement. 


OR 
4-57 
3-82 
2-83 


This  corresponds  fairly  well  with  the  differences  observed  at  many 

stations  in  the  temperate  zone  between  the  rate  of  decrement  in  summer 

and  winter  respectively ;  but  by  no  means  agrees  with  observations  in 

the  tropics  compared  with  those  in  the  temperate  zone.     Not  to  speak 

of  the  AndeSy  which  may  be  subject  to  exceptional  conditions,  I  find  on 

oomparing  the  observations  at  seven  pairs  of  stations  in  Southern  Asia, 

^here  the  mean  annual  temperature  at  the  lower  station  is  about  78°  F., 

"^rith  eight  pairs  of  stations  in  the  north  temperate  zone,  where  the 

Xo'wer  stations  have  a  mean  temperature  rather  below  48°,  that  the  mean 

^^TiTiTift.l  rate  of  decrement  between  the  upper  and  lower  stations  is  as 

.early  as  possible  equal,  whereas  M.  Mendeleef  s  formula  would  give  the 

of  decrement  in  the  hotter  region  compared  to  that  of  the  cooler 

stations  nearly  as  3 : 2. 

Finding  that  the  empirical  formula  thus  recommended  involves  a 
^Siypothesis  as  to  the  physical  constitution  of  the  atmosphere  which  is  in 
teelf  highly  improbable,  and  that,  while  it  agrees  fairly  well  with  some 
the  results  of  observation,  it  differs  widely  from  others,  I  do  not  think 
^%liat  in  the  present  state  of  our  knowledge  it  can  be  accepted  as  even 
approximately  correct. 

Little  attention  seems  to  have  been  given  to  an  ingenious  suggestion 
^>f  M.  de  St.  Kobert,  first  published  in  the  Paris  journal '  Les  Mondes '  in 
^864.  Observing  that  the  velocity  of  sound  depends  upon  the  density 
^>f  the  air  through  which  it  travels,  he  pointed  out  that  by  measuring 
"tAie  time  employed  in  the  passage  of  sound  between  an  upper  and  a 
bovver  station — that  is,  the  interval  between  the  appearance  of  the  flash 
«nd  the  perception  of  the  sound  of  a  firearm  or  other  explosive  sub- 


408 


OS  THK  )[i:as[;eemekt  of  heights 


ststice — vee  Bhonkl  obtain  an  accurate  meaenro  of  the  meaB  denntyO 
the  intervening  strata  of  air,  as  affected  l»y  variations  of  temperature 
elasticity  of  aqueous  vapour. 

Denoting  by  t  the  tinio  in  eeconda  observed  for  the  interval  of  tuna, 
by  0  the  angle  between  the  line  joining  the  upper  and  lower  station 
and  the  vertical,  by  p'  and  ji'  the  height  of  the  barometer  at  the  lower 
and  upper  stations  respectively,  and  by  x  the  difference  of  height 
metres  between  the  two  stations,  M.  de  St.  Kobert  arrived  at  the 

formula  x  =  O'OOS  — "l-T  ,• 


L 


The  difficulty  of  employing  this  method  for  a  traveller  is  that 
measuring  the  interval  of  time  between  the  report  and  the  flash  and 
angle  tft  with  the  requisite  accuracy.  The  author  found,  in  applying 
the  modiod  in  practice,  that  it  is  jwssible  to  measure  the  interval  of 
time  to  fifths  of  a  second,  and  ho  haa  shown  that  where  the  dialanw 
between  the  stations  is  considerable  an  error  of  one-fifth  of  a  second 
would  not  seriously  affect  the  resnlt. 

It  is  scarcely  probable  that  this  method  will  be  extensively  em- 
ployed by  travellers,  but  I  wish  to  point  out  that  at  fixed  stations 
placed  within  sight  of  each  other  it  would  give  very  valuable  results, 
supplementary  to  those  derived  from  the  observation  of  the  thermo- 
meter. With  small  bombs  constructed  to  give  a  loud  report  the  sound 
wonld  travel  over  considerable  distances.  Among  other  advant^^es, 
the  observations  might  be  frequently  repeated,  and  would  be  even  more 
easily  made  by  night  than  by  day.  In  order  to  avoid  the  error  arising 
from  wind  or  air-currents  the  observations  should  be  made  simnl- 
taneously  at  both  stations,  the  mean  of  the  two  being  taken  as  the 
measure  of  the  velocity  of  traBsmission. 

It  very  frequently  happens  that  travellers  in  uncivilised  oomitriM; 
are  unable  to  compare  their  barometric  obsert'adons  on  mountains  with 
those  mode  at  any  lower  station,  and  thty  are  reduced  to  a  oumparison 
with  the  assumed  height  of  the  barometer  at  the  sea-level,  which  is 
taken  by  Englitih  travellers  to  be  30  inches,  and  is  estimated  by  most 
Europeans  at  the  not  quite  equivalent  height  of  760  millimetres.  It  ia 
now  well  known  that  in  various  parts  of  the  world  the  pressure  of  1h« 
air  at  maritime  stations  varies  widely  from  tho  general  mean,  being 
highest  in  warm  temperate  latitudes,  and  declining  thence  towards  the 
equator,  and  still  more  towards  the  poles.  Further  than  this,  tha 
average  pressure  at  such  stalious  varies  with  tho  seasons ;  but  in  most 
parts  of  the  world  the  non-periodic  variations  caused  by  cyclones  and 
anticyclones  are  of  rare  occurrence.  In  the  zones  of  variable  winds, 
where  suoh  disturbances  are  common,  it  may  he  impossible  to  estimate 

111,  tliE  forco  of  gravity  nt  laU  45°  w«b  aasiuned 
Ml  at  the  equBtoi,  ia  ooiuparativelf  inugtiiflcant. 


the*^^^ 


4 


Msmned  sa  tbtt^^^^M 


BY  THE  BAROMETER.  469 

'with  any  accoraoy  the  mean  pressure  at  coast  stations  for  any  season  of 
the  year ;  but  one  considerable  source  of  error  in  the  determination  of 
iheights  would  be  much  diminished  if  travellers  were  furnished  with  a 
ittble  showing  the  mean  pressure  of  the  air  at  different  seasons  of  the 
year  for  coast  stations  in  tropical  and  subtropical  latitudes. 

I  desire  to  add  a  few  remarks  relating  to  the  aneroid  barometer,  an 
dnstrament  the  use  of  which  for  measuring  heights  has  been  discounte- 
Tnanced  by  several  writers  of  authority.  It  may  be  freely  conceded  that  the 
dnferior  instruments  commonly  sold  are  nearly  worthless  for  this  purpose ; 
l)ut  out  of  a  large  number  a  few  are  found  superior  to  the  rest  in  accuracy 
and  stability,  and  such  may  usually  be  obtained  from  the  best  makers. 
One  defect  common  to  all,  even  the  superior  aneroids,  is  that,  owing  to 
the  imperfect  elasticity  of  the  metal,  the  index  does  not  rapidly  return 
to  the  same  point  after  exposure  to  diminished  pressure.     Observations 
with  the  aneroid  on  a  mountain  should  therefore  always  be  made  during 
the  ascent,  and  no  reliance  placed  on  the  indications  given  during  the 
•descent.    It  is  further  true  that  these  instruments  are  liable  to  derange- 
ment from  accidents,  such  as  a  slight  blow  or  severe  shake,  and  that  it  is 
necessary  from  time  to  time  to  test  the  accuracy  of  the  indications  by 
comparison  with  a  standard  barometer,  or,  if  that  be  impracticable,  with 
the  boiling-point  thermometer.     Subject  to  these  remarks,  I  think  it 
very  undesirable  that  travellers  in  little  known    countries,  who  are 
unable  to  carry  a  mercurial  barometer,  should  bo  discouraged  from  using 
an  instrument  which,  with  proper  precautions,  may  give  a  fair  approxi- 
mation to  the  true  elevation  of  the  places  visited. 

I  may  mention  that  I  have  found,  on  comparison  ^at  the  Geneva 
Observatory  of  an  aneroid  by  Secr6tan  of  Paris,  which  had  served  for 
several  seasons  in  the  Alps,  an  index  error  of  rather  less  than  one 
millimetre.  There  are  many  regions  of  the  earth  where  a  much  less 
accurate  instrument  would  increase  our  knowledge  of  the  relief  of  the 
surface. 

Observations  with  the  boiling-point  thermometer  are  free  from  some 
of  the  objections  to  which  those  with  the  aneroid  are  liable,  and  can  be 
made  with  little  trouble  at  the  traveller's  lower  station,  whether  in  a 
house  or  in  camp,  but  are  often  difficult  to  carry  out  on  an  exposed 
mountain.  As  few  travellers  will  take  the  trouble  to  carry  a  delicate 
thermometer  of  much  length,  it  is  necessary  to  assume  a  possible  error 
of  observation  of  a  tenth  of  a  degree  Centigrade  or  a  fifth  of  a  degree 
Fahrenheit,  corresponding  on  a  mountain  of  moderate  height  to  more 
than  100  feet  of  elevation.  It  is  nevertheless  much  to  be  desired  that 
travellers  should  carry  with  them  two  boiling-point  thermometers, 
serving  as  they  do  to  check  the  errors  of  the  aneroid,  as  well  as  to  give 
an  independent  measure  of  altitude. 

It  is  scarcely  needful  to  remark  that,  inasmuch  as  both  these  instru- 
ments are  employed  to  measure  the  pressure  of  the  atmosphere  at  the 


4T0 


OS  THE  MEASUREMENT  OF  HEIGHTS 


blmanii 
are  qC^^ 

obert's 
bctioM 


I  to  any  r 

1^^  Will 


lilaco  of  ^obeervation,  tlio  resulls  obtained  from  them  are  subject, 
addition  to  the  sources  of  error  peculiar  to  each  of  them,  to  thgee 
affect  aU^measiirements  of  height  by  the  mercurial  barometer. 

I  have,  in  the  foregoing  puges,  ubetaiucd  from  discussing  the  Tarioi 
fonuulffi  which  have  been  proposed  for  the  reduction  of  obBervations  for 
the  meaaurement  of  heights,  because  iu  this  deparlment  theory  has  so 
far  outrun  observalion,  that  it  eeems  needless  to  discuss  the  compara- 
tively minute  differences  aiising  from  tho  use  of  different  for mulfe,  while 
we  are  still  luiabla  to  ascertain  with  accuracy  the  data  from  which  the 
final  result  is  to  be  obtained.  In  the  treatise  above  quoted  Riiblmann 
has  given  all  the  more  noteworthy  formul»,  excepting  that  of  St.  Robert, 
the  most  recent  being  those  proposed  by  Bauernfeiud  and  by  Bublm&nii 
himself.  The  differences  betwcun  the  reaults  given  by  these 
trifling  amount  i  but  it  ujipears  lu  me  that  Bubtmaun's  formula,  with 
tables  supplied  by  him,  is  the  more  convenient  in  practice. 

For  mountains  of  moderate  height,  especially  in  reducing 
tions  made  in  summer  and  in  temperate  latitudes,  I  prefer  St.  Eobert'i 
formula,  which,  with  the  short  tables  printed  by  that  author,  ia  ex- 
tremely convenient  in  practice.  In  countries  where  tables  of  correotiona^ 
for  temperature  for  the  month  and  tbe  hour  of  observation  have 
made  out  from  comparison  belweea  wcU-choseu  stations,  whose 
ence  of  height  is  accurately  known,  I  think  that  travellers  should 
recommended  to  apply  tho  correction.  Unfortunately  no  such  tables  of 
corrections  exist,  excepting  for  tho  Alpine  region  of  Central  Europe,  and 
those  proposed  by  Plantamour,  Kenny,  C.  Martins,  and  Bauernfeind, 
are  open  to  the  objections  stated  in  the  preceding  pages.  Nevertheless, 
until  a  more  satisfactory  table  shall  be  constructed,  a  ncai'ei  approach  to 
accuracy  would  be  attained  by  the  use  of  Plan  tarn  our' s  table.  Where  it 
is  possible  to  do  so,  I  should  recommend  the  adoption  of  Bolli's  sugges- 
tion— to  substitute  for  the  demi-sum  of  the  temperatures  observed  at 
the  same  time  as  the  barometers,  the  demi-sum  of  tbe  mean  tempera- 
tures prevailing  at  the  upper  and  lower  stations  during  the  forty-eight 
hours  preceding  the  observation — as  preferable  to  the  use  of  an  uncertain 
table  of  corrections. 

To  sum  up  tho  conclusions  to  ■which  I  Lave  been  led  by  this  inquiry, 
I  would  in  tbe  first  place  point  out  that  we  are  as  yet  deficient  in 
materials  from  which  to  infer  with  any  probability,  the  law  connecting 
the  decrement  of  temperature  of  the  atmosphere  with  increased  bt 
above  the  sea-level,  and  that  it  is  even  doubtful  whether  such  a  law 
discoverable.  In  other  words,  that  we  have  reason  to  doubt  whether 
constant  disturbances  created  by  aerial  currents  do  not  render  the 
ditions  of  temperature  at  different  heights  too  irregular  to  be  reducible 
to  any  regular  sequence. 

Whatever  may  be  the  conditions  of  tempemture  in  tbe  atinosphi 

distance  from  the  earth's  surface,  it  appears  certain  that  those 


lieigh^^_ 
lawjI^H 
bert^^H 

ducibid 

tmosph  eio^^^_ 

1 


BY  THE  BAROMETER.  471 

vailing  at  the  surface,  which  are  those  concerned  in  the  determination 
of  heights  by  the  barometer,  are  altogether  different  from  those  of  the 
free  atmosphere ;  and  it  is  only  by  the  multiplication  of  observations 
directed  to  this  especial  object  in  various  parts  of  the  world  that  we  can 
hope  to  attain  to  approximate  accuracy  in  this  mode  of  ascertaining  the 
form  of  the  earth's  surface.  I  regard  it  as  further  proved  that  while 
the  difficulty  of  ascertaining  the  true  temperature  of  the  air  is  the  chief 
cause  of  the  errors  incident  to  barometrical  observations,  there  are  other 
sources  of  ^error,  doubtless  arising  from  the  action  of  ascending  or 
descending  currents  on  the  indications  of  the  barometer,  which  cannot 
be  accurately  measured,  but  which  may  cause  considerable  error  in  the 
results  of  computation. 

Although  they  may  not  contribute  much  to  improve  the  methods  for 
the  measurements  of  heights  on  the  earth's  surface  by  the  barometer, 
there  can  be  no  doubt  that  our  knowledge  of  the  physics  of  the  atmo- 
sphere may  be  materially  advanced  by  scientific  balloon  ascents.  These 
have  hitherto  been  confined  to  a  small  portion  of  the  north  temperate 
zone.  If  extended  to  other  regions  of  the  earth,  and  especially  to  the 
equatorial  zone,  they  would  furnish  valuable  results.  They  cannot  well 
be  attempted  in  countries  covered  with  forest,  such  as  the  greater  part 
of  tropical  Brazil ;  but  in  tropical  Australia,  some  parts  of  British  India, 
the  llanos  of  Venezuela,  and  many  parts  of  Africa,  they  may  hereafter 
be  accomplished. 

For  these  we  may,  however,  have  to  await  a  distant  future ;  but  in 
the  meantime  results  of  greater  practical  value  may  be  obtained  by  suit- 
able arrangements  for  observations  in  mountain  countries.  Instead  of 
carrying  on  observations  at  two  fixed  stations  only,  it  would  not  entail 
a  serious  increase  of  labour  or  expense  to  obtain  regular  observations  at 
two  or  three  stations  intermediate  between  higher  and  lower  stations. 
At  most  places  where  mountain  observatories  now  exist,  daily  com- 
munication is  kept  up  between  the  base  and  the  summit  station ;  and 
observations  at  intermediate  stations  might  be  recorded,  and  simul- 
taneous readings  secured  by  signals  at  the  lower  and  higher  permanent 
stations.  In  addition  to  the  ordinary  observations,  a  continuous  series 
of  observations  on  the  velocity  of  sound,  as  proposed  by  St.  Robert, 
might  give  very  valuable  results.  By  the  concurrent  action  of  civilised 
governments,  observing-stations  might  be  established  in  many  parts  of 
the  world,  and  results  obtained  which  would  throw  fresh  light  upon 
many  problems  in  meteorology. 

The  stations  selected  for  this  object  should  include  places  having  a 
maritime  as  well  as  a  continental  climate.  Mount  Etna,  the  peak  of 
Tenerife,  Mouna  Eea  in  Hawaii,  and  the  Piton  de  Neige  in  the  island 
of  Reunion  are  examples  of  the  former  class ;  and  these  enjoy  the  advan- 
tage of  being  isolated  summits,  where  the  conditions  are  not  complicated 
by  the  vicinity  of  other  elevated  land-surfaces.    Of  continental  stations 


472  OS  THE  MZ.\SLf.ElIEKT  OF  HUQRJS  BY  THE  BAEOMEIDt, 


now  existiDg,  those  ( 


Pike'i 


Q  Colonulo,  ^.      ^^_^ 

Clukrata  and  Blurreo,  in  British  India,  may  le  epedfied,  and  ih^— « 
wUbliahmeiit  of  intermedJato  atatJuns  would  probably  be  eSectod  vitl^^Kf 
out  difficulty.  Of  the  many  other  places  that  may  hereafter  he  sefectB^^^ 
I  may  mention  as  especially  desirable  Mount  Whitney, 
K^evada  of  California,  which  ou  other  gruaads  has  been  reoom.m< 
by  the  eminent  physicist  Mr.  Langley,  and  a  well-chosen  station  in 
Cancuiaii  n^on.  The  Anatrian  Meteorological  Society,  which 
taken  a  leading  part  in  the  advancement  of  this  branch  of  phy 
might  with  advantage  promote  tho  establishment  of  observitig-statii 
on  one  of  the  prominent  summits  of  the  Eustem  Carpathians.  For 
purpose  tho  Bucsecs  seems  well  adapted,  and  might  bo  convenienL:^^ -tl 
oonnected  by  intermediate  stations  ou  the  one  side  with  Torabnrg,  or»  *' 
the  other  with  Sinaia,  in  Boumania. 

Apart  from  special  obeerving-stations,  hereafter  to  be  established,  ^J^ 
would  be  comparatively  easy  to  obtain  valuable  connected  mHm  of  oo«=»^ 
tinnoQB  observations,  at  points  whone  elevation  is  accurately  known,  ^r-> 
>ConntrieB  where  railways  have  been  carried  to  a  great  height  above  t-:*"  ' 
sea.  This  remark  ajiplies  especially  to  the  railways  that  eitend  fcc^^ 
the  west  ooast  of  South  America  to  coneiderable  heights  in  the  And^  ^" 
The  moat  important  of  tliese  are  tho  line  running  from  Callao  and  Lia-*  "l 
to  Chiola,  which  is  12,220  feet  above  the  sea,  and  that  from  MoUendo  k 

Puno  on  the  Lake  of  Tilicaca,  which  crosses  a  ridge  14,360  feet  abo ^ 

sea-level.  In  the  prtsi-ii  t  iin  fortunate  condition  of  Pern  the  opportuniti  ^^  , 
presented  by  these  luilway  lines  may  not  speedily  bo  utilised,  but  ^ 
more  hopeful  prospect  is  picsentod  by  the  railway  now  in  course  of  oob- 
stmction  between  MendoHi  in  Argentaria  and  the  Chilian  ooast  at 
Vnlparaiso,  crossing  the  Uspallata  Pass.  Observations  regularly  madg 
nt  the  stations  on  that  line  would  be  the  more  interesting,  as  they  would 
connect  together  two  regions  on  the  opposite  sides  of  ihe  Andean  chain, 
whoso  meteorological  conditions  are  comparatively  well  known,  and 
which  possess  very  different  climates. 

V.8. — In  the  preceding  pages  I  have  not  discussed  tho  effect,  on  the 
relative  indications  of  the  barometer  at  two  stations  of  unetjual  height, 
of  the  prevalence,  at  the  time  of  observation,  of  a  cyclone  or  anti<^rclaiis 
of  any  intensity.     It  may  be  considei'ed  certain,  that  in  the  caeo  of  4k'i 
mountain  of  moderale  height  the  difference  between  the  1 
instruments  at  tho  two  stations  will  be  less  during  tb^ 
cyclone  thou  in  that  of  an  anticy  " 

same  conclusion  holds  wliore  t' 
sea-lovel.      Future    obaen 
question,  hut,  in  the  me* 
-uble  sources  of  error  in 


RIVER    ENTRANCES 


BY 


HUGH  EGBERT  MILL,  D.Sc,  F.R.S.E., 

or  THE  socnriSH  uabine  station. 


RIVER  ENTRANCES. 

By  Hugh  Bobebt  Mill,  d.so.,  f.b.8.£.,  of  the  Scottish 

Marine  Station. 

Much  attention  has  been  bestowed  in  recent  years  on  the  submarine 
geography  of  the  great  oceans ;  and  the  hydrography  of  river-systems  has 
been  studied  almost  from  time  immemorial.  It  appears  strange  that  the 
region  connecting  the  two  should  have  remained  to  this  day,  if  not 
entirely  unexplored,  at  least  very  inadequately  investigated ;  yet  this  is 
the  case. 

The  entrances  of  rivers  are  of  great  importance  practically,  and  this 
has  been  recognised ;  in  fact,  almost  all  the  researches  hitherto  made  on 
them  have  been  carried  out  by  engineers  in  the  course  of  surveys  and 
of  operations  for  improving  the  channels  for  navigation  or  constructing 
harbours.  The  intermingling  of  salt  sea-water  with  the  fresh  water  of 
rivers  presents,  from  a  purely  physical  point  of  view,  many  interesting 
problems  which  vary  in  each  individual  case.  Chemical  processes  of 
di£fu8ion,  double  decomposition  and  precipitation  occur,  and  in  imme- 
diate association  with  these,  biological  questions  come  into  prominence. 
Diatoms,  for  instance,  abound  in  estuaries,  for  the  large  influx  of 
**  fresh  "  water  is  much  richer  in  dissolved  silica  than  is  that  of  the  sea. 
In  geology  the  importance  of  estuarine  processes  is  fully  apparent ;  the 
gradation  of  deposits  determined  by  distance  from  shore,  and  the  modi- 
fications produced  by  the  action  of  animal  and  vegetable  life  show  us 
in  actual  process  of  formation  the  shallow-sea  sediments,  which  are  the 
richest  depositories  of  organic  fossil  remains. 

Perhaps  the  most  puzzling  question  with  regard  to  river-entrances  is 
the  geographical  one  concerning  the  exact  point  at  which  the  river  ends 
and  the  sea  begins.  Disputes  concerning  this  have  given  rise  to  much 
litigation  in  connection  with  salmon-fishing  and  the  disposal  of  sewage 
from  towns  situated  on  tidal  streams;  and  no  attempts  to  settle  the 
matter  by  topographical  or  tidal  definitions  have  been,  so  far  as  I  know, 
satisfactory. 

The  forms  of  river-entrance  are  extremely  various ;  but  if,  with  our 
present  knowledge,  a  classification  can  be  attempted,  it  might  be  based 
in  the  first  place  on  the  physical  conditions  of  the  sea  entered ;  and  then 
on  the  relation  between  the  volume  of  fresh  water  carried  down  by  the 
river,  and  the  area  and  configuration  of  the  inlet  into  which  it  flows. 

Bivers  flowing  into  inland  seas,  or  those  in  which  the  tidal  range 
is  small,  are  usually  characterised  by  deltas,  wide  and  traversed  with 


476  RIVER  ENTRANCES. 

# 

numerous  channels,  like  that  of  the  Nile,  or  long  and  narrow  with  fewer 
mouths,  like  that  of  the  Mississippi.  The  opposite  extreme  to  this  i» 
presented  by  a  river  entering  the  head  of  a  gradually  widening  and 
deepening  sea-inlet  of  great  size,  which  is  subject  to  strong  tides. 

From  observations  made  on  the  Firth  of  Forth  *  in  some  detail,  and 
on  other  river-sj  stems  f  to  a  less  extent,  and  from  a  few  records  of 
scientific  researches  by  various  investigatoTS,^  and  the  comparatively 
abundant  data  supplied  more  or  less  incidentally  in  the  course  of 
engineering  operations,§  it  would  appear  that  no  precise  geographical 
meaning  can  be  given  to  the  terms  river,  estuary,  firth,  inlet,  unless 
the  physical  conditions  of  the  water  are  taken  into  account.  The  curve 
of  salinity,  with  position,  remains  so  nearly  constant  throughout  the 
year  that  salinity  oven  in  tidal  streams  appears  to  be  almost  as  per- 
manent a  geographical  feature  as  topography. 

I  divide  a  river-system,  connected  with  a  tidal  sea,  into  the  following 
parts,  which  correspond  to  some  extent  with  Stevenson's  river  *' com- 
partments " : — 

1.  The  river  proper,  a  stream  of  fresh  water  with  its  tributaries. 

2.  The  estuary  where  tide  produces  more  or  less  tumultuous  mixing 
of  salt,  or  brackish  with  fresh  water,  where  the  increase  in  amount  of 
dissolved  salts  per  mile  is  extremely  rapid,  and  the  change  of  tempera- 
ture also  considerable.  Here  there  is  a  marked  difference  of  temperatuxe, 
and  salinity,  between  surface  and  bottom,  and  most  of  the  sediment  of 
muddy  rivers  settles  down.  Topographically  the  estuary  may  change 
in  position  with  meteorological  conditions,  in  exceptionally  dry  weather 
it  may  retreat  up  stream  and  become  shorter,  in  exceptionally  rainy 
weather  it  may  extend  downwards  into  what  is  usually  the  firth  and 
increase  in  length,  but  it  appears  to  have  a  mean  position  which  is 
practically  constant. 

3.  The  firth,  or  sea-inlet,  extends  from  the  end  of  the  estuary  to  the 
open  sea.  In  it  tidal  changes  are  small,  the  water  is  a  nearly  uniform 
brackish  mixture,  increasing  in  salinity  steadily,  but  more  and  more 
slowly  as  the  sea  is  approached,  and  the  change  of  temperature  with 
position,  although  uniform,  is  slight. 

To  illustrate  these  divisions  we  may  refer  to  the  Firth  of  Forth,  a« 
sketch-map  of  which,  given  in  the  accompanying  figure,  has  the  curvi 
of  density  of  the  water  at  60°  F.  (representing  salinity)  drawn  above  i 

•  Proc.  R.S.B.,  xiii.  pp.  29. 157,  790 ;  Boot  Geog.  Mag.,  ii.  p.  20. 

t  Tay,  Proc.  B.S.E.,  xiii.  p.  347 ;  Spey,  ibid.,  p.  460 ;  Clyde,  Soot  Geog.  Mag.,  ii. 
p.  347;  Proc.  Phil.  Soc.  Glasgow,  1;  and  *  Nature,'  xzx?L  pp.  37,  5Q;  Estuaries  of 
Moray  Firth,  Proc.  B.8.E.,  xiv.  p.  250. 

X  Macadam  on  the  Clyde,  Brit.  Absoc.  Bep.,  1855  (ii.)  p.  64 ;  Kyle  on  the  Plate 
(pamphlet). 

§  Stevenson,  *  Canal  and  Bivcr  Engineering ; '  Biroh  on  the  Thames,  ICin.  Proo. 
Inst  C.E.,  Ixxvili.  p.  212,lxxxi.  p.  295;  Guerard  on  the  Bhone,  ibid.,  lxxxi.p.805;  and 
others  in  the  same  journal. 


RIVER  ENTRANCES. 


477 


and  the  ouirea  of  temperature  drawn  beueath.  The  light  continnoa» 
line  sbows  aurfaoe  salinity  at  low  tide  in  the  upper  diagram,  and  surface 
sommer-temperature  in  the  lower ;  the  light  broken  line  represents  the 
salinity  at  the  bottom  at  low  tide,  and  the  bottom  Bnminer-temperatare. 

Fid.  I. 


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The  heRTy,  continnonfi  and  broken  lines  indicate  the  eut^e  and  bottom 
salinity  at  high  tide  and  temperature  in  winter. 

The  four  divisiona  of  river,  firth,  cstnarj,  sea,  are  marked  out  by  a 
thin  double  line  running  through  the  three  figures  of  the  diagram. 

The  25  miles  between  luchkeith  and  Uay  Island  are  characterised 
by  gradual  and  slight  increase  of  salinity  seaward,  gradual  and  slight 
change  of  temperature  in  a  direction  dependent  on  the  time  of  year,  and 
a  nearly  uniform  vertical  distribution  of  both  salinity  and  temperature 
at  all  states  of  tide.  This  region  is  the  Firth  proper ;  to  the  east  the 
corves  become  horizontal,  those  of  density  at  about  I  '026,  and  this  may 


478  RIVER  ENTRANCES. 

be  viewGd  as  the  open  sea.  Between  Inchkeith  and  Alloa  (27  miloe) 
at  low  water,  and  between  Inchkeith  and  Cambus  (30  miles)  at  high 
tide,  in  ordinary  circumstances  the  salinity  decreases  more  and  more 
rapidly,  and  the  difference  between  enrfaco  and  bottom  increasea.  This 
region  ie  characterised  by  a  similarly  rapid  change  of  temperalore,  and 
conatitutes  the  estuary;  but  sufficient  observations  have  not  yet  been 
made  to  determine  precisely  where  the  maximum  difference  of  salinity 
and  temperature  between  surface  and  bottom  takes  place.  West  of 
CamboB,  although  the  tide  rises  and  falls,  no  salt  appears  to  penetrate, 
and  fbe  river  proper  commences,  represeutod  in  the  figure  by  a  horizonttil 
dcnaity-cun,'e  at  0  ■  999. 

Every  river-system  does  not  appear  to  contain  all  these  regions. 
The  Amazon,  for  instance,  carries  fresh  water  right  out  to  sea,  and  there 
appears  to  bo  no  estuary,  in  our  meaning  of  the  word.  The  Plate,  lo 
take  as  example  another  large  river  of  South  America,  has  a  very 
long  and  shallow  estuary,  but  apparently  no  firth.  It  will  probably  be 
shown,  when  more  data  are  obtained,  that  all  rivers  have  the  three 
divisions  enumerated,  but  that  in  some  cases  the  firth  or  even  the  estoary 
is  out  at  sea,  the  lim.ils  being  defined  solely  by  change  of  snlinity.  By 
taking  these  facts  into  consideratiou  it  is  possible  to  make  a  provisional 
classiBcation  of  rivers  entering  a  tidal  sea. 

Examples  may  bo  found  in  the  British  Islands  of  three  tj-pical 
varieties  of  river- en  trance,  and  although,  compared  with  great  conti- 
nental livers,  these  may  appear  liko  mere  laboratory  illustrations,  the 
conditions  are  so  much  of  the  same  kind,  that  in  default  of  bettor  know- 
ledge the  differences  may  bo  talien  as  of  degree  alone. 

The  Forth  exhibits,  as  we  have  said,  all  the  divisions  in  a  very  perfect 
manner,  its  wide  open  firth,  gradually  narrowing  and  shallowing  as  it 
proceeds  inland,  leads  to  an  estuary  and  then  to  the  unusual  feature  of 
a  river  with  no  bar.  The  Clyde  has  a  much  shallower  estuary,  bat 
is  similar  to  the  Forth,  as  regards  the  firth  in  its  physical  conditiooa 
at  least,  although  the  extraordinary  manner  in  which  the  western  sea- 
area  is  broken  up  by  islands  and  prolonged  into  narrow,  deep  aea-loctu 
produces  some  interesting  and  special  features.* 

The  Thames  appears  to  have  a  long  estuary  expanding  into  a  com- 
paratively short  firth,  if  wo  can  judge  from  Mr.  Birch's  obscrvations.f 
which  it  would  be  well  to  extend  and  supplement.  The  Tay  entranco 
in  it2  geogi-aphical  features  resembles  that  of  the  Thames;  both  are 
shallow  and  much  obstructed  by  bars  and  sandbanks ;  and  the  similarity 
I  extends  to  the  physical  conditions  of  tho  water  also,  for  the  Tay  has  a 

long  estuary  and  scarcely  any  fi^rth. 

No  bettfir  instance  than  the  rapid  running  Spey  could  be  given  of  a 
river  possessing  no  estuary  at  low  tide,  and  only  one  quarter  of  a  mile 

L  •  '  Coufig;[initioD  of  Clyde  8ca-&rca,'  Scot  Geog.  Mag.,  188T,  Jii.  p.  15.  ^^H 

I  t  Uto.  Proc  Inet.  C.E.,  legS,  Ixxviii.  p.  212.  ^^H 


RIVER  ENTRANCES.  479 

long  at  high  water.  Here  the  fresh  stream  shoots  out  across  the  bar 
over  the  surface  of  the  sea,  and  when  discoloured  by  floods,  the  track  of 
the  river  may  be  followed,  as  a  brown  stripe  running  through  the  clear 
green  water  for  many  miles. 

To  summarise  the  foregoing,  it  will  suffice  to  name  the  three  classes 
of  river-entrances  defined  by  their  conditions  as  to  salinity— conditions 
which  depend  directly,  but  in  a  manner  not  yet  precisely  ascertained, 
on  the  ratio  between  the  volume  of  the  non-tidal  and  that  of  the  tidal 
portion  of  the  river-system  : — 

1st.  Rivers  which  enter  directly,  remaining  in  all  cases  fresh  on  the 
surface,  and  freshening  the  surface  of  the  sea,  even  at  high  tide,  e.  g. 
the  Spey. 

2nd.  Rivers  in  which  the  salinity  increases  very  rapidly  as  the  sea  is 
entered,  which  render  the  surface  water  of  the  sea  brackish  to  a  con- 
siderable distance.    These  have  an  Estuary,  e.g.  the  Tay. 

3rd.  Rivers  which  after  a  rapid  increase  of  salinity  mix  gradually, 
uniformly,  and  completely  with  sea  water,  and  produce  a  slight  but 
marked  freshening  of  the  sea  throughout  its  whole  depth  at  their  junc- 
tion.    These  have  an  Estuary  and  a  Firth,  e.  g.  the  Forth. 

What  has  been  said  so  far  is  intended  to  illustrate  how  physical 
definitions  of  river,  estuary,  and  firth  may  extend  and  give  accuracy  to 
the  geographical  usage  of  these  words,  and  how  those  definitions  may 
be  used  to  classify  river-entrances,  although  this  classification,  being 
made  from  the  consideration  of  a  small  number  of  cases,  must  be  viewed 
as  provisional  only. 

It  may  be  well  now  to  describe  briefly  what  observations  should  be 
made  in  order  to  gain  a  knowledge  of  other  river-systems,  such  as  we 
are  at  present  endeavouring  to  acquire  for  those  in  Scotland.  One  might 
point  to  the  Bristol  Channel  as  a  region  of  very  peculiar  interest  in  this 
respect ;  and  also  to  the  Mersey,  the  Ribble,  the  Humber,  the  streams 
entering  the  Wash  in  England,  and  to  the  Shannon  in  Ireland,  as  hardly 
inferior  to  the  Severn  in  interest,  and  equally  unknown. 

In  order  to  study  a  river-entrance,  one  must  have  a  chart,  correct 
topographically,  and  as  full  as  possible  of  bathymetrical  details.  In  a 
river  which  is  entirely  unexplored  it  will  be  necessary  to  construct  such 
a  chart  in  the  first  place.  The  volume  and  velocity  of  the  river  should 
be  determined  at  some  definite  point  before  marine  influences  begin  to 
a£fect  it,  and  an  accurate  knowledge  of  the  tidal  currents  obtained. 

A  trip  along  the  middle  of  the  channel,  from  what  is  undoubtedly 
river,  to  what  is  unquestionably  sea,  taking  observations  at  intervals  of 
every  2^  or  5  miles,  will  usually  be  found  sufficient  to  give  a  general 
idea  as  to  the  physical  conditions  of  the  water,  and  the  boundaries 
of  its  natural  divisions.  A  small  steamer  is  the  most  suitable  vessel 
for  this  purpose.  At  each  stopping-place,  samples  of  water  should 
be  taken  from  the  surface,  bottom,  and  various  intermediate  depths, 

VOL.   II.  2  I 


480  RIVER  ENTRANCES. 

temperature  being  observed  at  the  same  places.  The  density  of  th< 
water  should  be  observed  on  the  spot  by  a  pocket  hydrometer,  and  th< 
results  plotted  in  a  curve  to  enable  the  observer  to  see  clearly  the  ral 
of  change  from  point  to  point.  Such  trips  should  be  repeated 
dififerent  states  of  the  weather,  after  long  drought  and  after  unusut 
rain,  and  then  certain  points  can  be  selected  at  which  samples  of  watei 
can  be  drawn  and  set  aside  for  more  exact  chemical  and  physical  analy —  — - 
sis.  The  transparency  and  amount  of  suspended  and  transported  mattesr  ^r 
should  also  be  noted.  In  tidal  rivers  several  stations  should  be  fixec^  4 
on  where  observations  of  temperature  and  salinity  might  be  made  a^^^nt 
short  intervals  of  depth,  and  repeated  at  all  phases  of  the  tide. 

Four  years'  experience  at  the  Scottish  Marine  Station  enables 
to  describe  the  following  methods  for  research  in  rivers  and  rivei 
entrances. 

Collection  of  Water  Samples. — When  one  is  working  from  a  small  bos^  t 
in  shallow  places,  less  than  10  fathoms,  the  most  convenient  means  o/* 
collecting  water  is  a  stoppered  bottle  lashed  to  a  sounding-line,  whiclz 
is  marked  at  every  foot  and  provided  with  a  lead  heavy  enough  to  aini 
the  empty  bottle  rapidly.     The  stopper  can  be  pulled  out  by  a  cord, 
and  a  sample  flows  in  from  one  definite  plane.    No  perceptible  mixing 
takes  place  through  the  narrow  neck  while  the  bottle  is  being  hauled 
up.     For  work  in  water  more  than  10  fathoms  deep  a  slip  water-bottle 
should  be  employed,  preferably  one  to  be  closed  by  a  weight  running 
down  the  line,  and  the  parts  of  which  lock  automatically.* 

Salinity^  or  the  amount  of  salt  in  solution,  is  best  observed  by  means 
of  the  hydrometer.  On  account  of  chemical  action  during  evaporation 
it  is  not  an  accurate  method  to  boil  down  a  portion  of  the  water  sample 
and  weigh  the  residue.  Tables  have  been  drawn  up  from  which  the 
amount  of  sea-salt  dissolved  in  water  can  be  obtained  when  its  density 
is  known ;  but  for  all  practical  purposes  the  figures  representing 
density  at  a  constant  temperature  may  be  viewed  as  measuring  salinity. 
In  an  estuary  pretty  good  results  may  be  got  by  using  a  small  directly 
graduated  hydrometer,  reading  from  1  •  000  (pure  water)  to  1 '  030  (a 
density  greater  than  that  of  the  strongest  sea  water) ;  but  to  be  of 
permanent  value  and  comparable,  a  more  delicate  instrument  must  be 
used,  one  capable  of  giving  results  quite  accurate  to  the  fourth  decimal 
place,  e.  g.  1  •  0234,  either  by  direct  reading  or  by  calculation. 

The  amount  of  suspended  matter  at  different  parts  of  an  estuary,  very 
important  from  some  points  of  view,  can  be  determined  best  by  taking 
a  mecisured  sample  of  water,  filtering  it  carefully  through  a  weighed 
filter-paper,  washing  the  residue  with  distilled  water,  drying  at  the 
temperature  of  100°  C.and  weighing  again.  This  operation  is  certainly 
rather  tedious,  and  of  course  it  must  be  performed  in  a  laboratory. 

*  8eo  Pioc.  B.S.E.,  xiii.  p.  539,  and  Scientific  Beport  of  Scottish  Fishery  Board 
for  1887.  .  . 


RIVER  ENTRANCES.  481 

Although  the  dissolved  salts  of  river  water  are  insignificant  in 
-amonnt  compared  with  those  in  the  sea,  they  differ  considerably  in 
character,  chiefly  by  the  predominance  of  silica  and  calcium  carbonate, 
and  these  influence  estuary  water  to  a  marked  extent.  The  latter 
quantity  admits  of  easy  determination  by  Tornoe's  Alkalinity  method, 
Tvhich  may  be  practised  after  a  little  training  by  any  one.  It  consists 
of  measuring  the  amount  of  a  standard  solution  of  acid  required  to 
decompose  the  carbonates  present  in  a  measured  sample  of  sea-water. 
The  necessary  apj)aratus  comprises  two  burettes  with  stand,  filtering 
stand,  funnel  and  papers,  standard  acid  and  alkali  solutions,  an  indica- 
tor solution,  a  porcelain  basin,  and  spirit-lamp. 

Temperature  observations  are  extremely  important,  and  in  some  cases 
they  may  even  supersede  observations  of  salinity.*  A  thermometer 
which  admits  of  being  read  to  one -tenth  of  a  degree  Fahrenheit  should 
he  used,  and  for  the  purpose  Fahrenheit  graduation  is  more  convenient 
than  Centigrade. 

Surface  warmth  may  be  observed  by  any  good  thermometer.  If  the 
instrument  can  be  occasionally  verified,  it  is  unnecessary  to  use  an 
expensive  form.  A  common  German  paper-scale  thermometer,  reading 
from  20°  to  140°  F.,  and  mounted  in  a  japanned  tin  case  like  a  bath 
thermometer,  costs  about  2^.,  and  acts  well  enough  for  ordinary 
purposes. 

For  depths  beneath  the  surface  there  is  no  doubt  as  to  the  best  instru- 
ment. Thermometers  constructed  on  Sixe's  self-registering  principle, 
however  valuable  for  work  at  great  depths,  are  unsuited  for  use  in 
shallow  water,  where  rapidity  of  working  and  considerable  delicacy 
are  desiderata.  Messrs.  Negretti  &  Zambra's  Patent  Standard  Deep-sea 
Thermometer,  an  outflow  instrument,  which  is  made  to  turn  over,  and 
so  register  the  temperature  at  a  definite  time  and  place,  has  now  been 
subjected  to  severe  trials  for  many  years,  and  hcis  proved  worthy  of 
confidence.  It  should,  however,  be  mounted  in  a  frame  which  admits 
of  the  instrument  being  reversed  at  a  perfectly  definite  depth ;  this  is 
not  the  case  with  the  original  loaded  float,  nor  with  Magnaghi's  reversing 
gear,  the  forms  usually  supplied  by  the  makers.  Bung*s  frame  has  the 
merit  of  being  very  simple  and  cheap;  but  although  it  has  given 
admirable  results  in  the  hands  of  its  inventor,  I  cannot  speak  from 
experience  regarding  it.  The  American  frame  used  by  the  Coast  Survey 
and  Fish  Commission  ships,  appears  to  be  defective  in  not  clamping  the 
thermometer  after  it  reverses.  The  Scottish  frame,  which  was  devised 
at  the  Scottish  Marine  Station,  has  been  tested  for  nearly  four  years  in 
shallow  water  where  there  are  strong  currents,  in  somewhat  rough  seas, 
and  to  a  depth  of  180  fathoms ;  it  has  proved  completely  successful  in 
all  these  cases.  The  thermometer  is  reversed  by  a  lever,  actuated  by  a 
bxBSS  weight  slipping  down  the  line,  and  any  number  of  them  may  be 

*  Mill  and  Morrison,  in  Proc.  B.S.E.,  xiii.  p.  790. 

2  I  2 


483 


RIVER  ENTRANCES. 


aBed  simultatieoMBly  along  ■witli  a,  water-bottlo,  the  weight  for  setting  off 
each  inatniraont  being  clasped  to  the  lino  and  hung  to  the  theimomeler 
above,  from  which  it  is  released  as  the  instrument  reverses.  The  frame 
is  attached  to  the  line  hy  a  vice-shaped  clamp  and  spiral  wire  so  that  no 
lashing  ie  reiniired.'  Mr,  Fraaer,  Lothian  Street,  Edinburgh,  has  made 
these  frames  under  my  direction. 

It  has  lieon  found  that  as  a  rule  river  temperature  differs  very 
notably  from  sea  temperature,  being  either  higher  or  lower,  according  to 
the  season,  and  following  atmofijiheric  changes  much  more  rapidly. 

Knowing  tho  temperature  of  river  water  and  of  sea  wat«r  at  any 
definite  time,  the  manner  in  which  they  mix  may  often  !«  traced  out 
with  tho  thermometer  alone.  Two  instaucea  of  this  are  given  in  the 
accompanying  figures.  Tho  first  represents  a  series  of  tomperatui'c 
and  salinity  soundings,  in  the  estuary  of  the  Forth,  the  temperatn.'v^ 
and  salinity  being  determined  at  several  depths  at  short  inter^'als  «_.( 
time,  and  the  accompanying  onrves  of  vertical   distribution  (fig.     ^) 


Depth.    Figth  or  Fote 


drawn.  The  depth  in  this  instance  is  reckoned  from  the  botton 
upwards.  The  second  (fig.  3)  shows  tho  surface  and  bottom  teanpeTa- 
tnro,  and  salinity  as  observed  at  intervals  of  one  hour  during  a  whole 
tide  in  the  Dornoch  Firth.  It  will  be  seen  that  the  movements  of  the 
water  can  be  traced  equally  from  fall  of  salinity  and  rise  of  temperature. 
It  is,  however,  only  at  those  seasons  when  river  and  sea  water  show 


*  Regarding  Marine  Tcmpcmlure]  ObservalionB,  »eo  Qwarl.  Jaum.  Eoy.  If« 


k 


1 


BIVER  EHTRAKCES.  468 

'oonsiderable  differenoe  ia  tempeiatore  that  this  mode  of  olMerriDg  can 
be  carried  on  Bacoessfully. 

The  tranBpareiicy  and  oolonr  of  water  at  different  parts  of  the  oonrse 
of  a  rivw-entnu3ce  are  due  partly  to  the  different  oolonrs  of  sea  and 
river  water,  hot  perhaps  chiefly  to  the  vaiying  amount  of  suspended 
matter.      Tianspareucy  is  to  be  measured  by  observiog  the  depth  to 

a  Tehfebatcbe. 


[T 

fr 

' 

n 

« 

' 

J 

P 

!!-^ 

YiT 

ifP 

^. 

■ 

n 

ly 

it 

Ji 

J 

i 

■ 

^ 

1 

1 

H 

i 

I 

[■ 

which  a  disc  of  iron,  enamelled  white,  remains  visible  from  the  deot, 
and  colour,  by  the  tint  it  assumes  when  sunlc  to  a  position  of  easy 
visibility,  say  three  feet.  These  observations  will  of  course  depend  to 
a  considerable  extent  on  the  height  of  tho  sun  and  the  nature  of  the 
weather. 

If  all  the  conditions  which  have  been  referred  to  were  ascertained 
for  the  principal  river- entrances,  a  great  increase  would  ensue  in  our 
knowledge  of  the  physical  geography  of  river-systems,  and  of  the  sea, 
and  of  the  origin  of  such  geographical  features  as  deltas  and  sea-inlets. 
I  have  attached  more  weight  to  the  ^conditions  of  the  water  as  regards 
saltness  and  warmth,  not  because  these  are  more  important  than  the 
direction  and  force  of  currents,  or  than  the  processes  of  deposit  and 
formation  of  bars;  but  because  the  latter  queetious  have  been  often 
studied,  and  their  importance  is  fully  realised,  while  the  consideration 
of  the  former  has  been  neglected.  Except  on  special  expeditions,  or  in 
connection  with  scientific  institutions  near  the  river  to  be  examined,  it 
■would  probably  be  found  impossible  to  observe^  all  the  properties  of  the 
water  referred  to  above.  Yet  with  little  expenditure  of  time  or  trouble 
a  very  useful  preliminary  idea  as  to  the  class  to  which  a  river-entrance 
belongs  could  be  ascertained  by  using  the  thermometer  and  small  hydro* 
meter,  or  even  the  thermometer  alone. 


484  RIVER  ENTRANCES. 

It  appears  from  what  we  know  at  present  that  the  physical  changes 
in  the  water  of  river-entrances  are  chiefly  regulated  by  the  configuration 
of  the  snrronnding  land.  When  a  sea-inlet  is  wide  and  deep,  or  veiy 
long,  and  the  river  is  relatively  small,  the  fall  development  of  estuary 
and  firth  takes  place ;  when  the  pea-inlet  is  shallow,  or  narrow  and  short, 
and  the  river  is  of  great  volume,  only  an  estuary  is  found ;  and  where 
there  is  no  inlet  at  all,  the  river  running  across  the  bar  into  the  sea, 
has  neither  definite  firth  nor  estuary. 


MR.  J.  F.  NEEDHAM'S  JOURNEY 


ALONG 


THE  LOHIT  BEAHMAPUTEA, 

BETWEEN  SADIYA  IN  UPPER  ASSAM  AND  RIMA  IN 

SOUTH-EASTERN  TIBET. 


TAQM 

INTRODUCTION  487 

LETTER  FROM  THE  SECRETARY  TO  THE  CHIEF  COMMISSIONER 
OF  ASSAM,  TO  THE  SECRETARY  TO  THE  GOVERNMENT 
OF  INDIA  488 

EXTRACTS  FROM  MR.  NEEDHAM'S  DIARY 607 


H 


MK.  J.  F.  NEEDHAM'S  JOURNEY 

ALONG 

THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA, 

BETWEEN  SADIYA  IN  UPPEE  ASSAM  AND  EIMA  IN 

SOUTH-EASTERN  TIBET. 

Hap,  p.  556. 


Introduction. 

The  'Proceedings  of  the  B.G.S.'  for  February  1885  contain  a  paper  by 
General  Walker,  entitled  "Four  Years'  Joumeyings  through  Great 
Tibet,  by  one  of  the  Trans-Himalayan  Explorers  of  the  Survey  of 
India."  The  explorer,  Pandit  A— k,  had,  in  1879-82,  travelled  from 
Lhasa  northwards  across  the  elevated  and  far-stretching  plateau  of 
Tibet  which  is  known  as  the  Ghantang,  and  beyond  it  to  the  Chinese 
town  of  Saitu,  which  is  situated  on  the  southern  confines  of  the  Gobi 
Desert;  he  then  turned  south-eastwards,  and  proceeded  as  far  as  the 
town  of  Darchendo  (Ta-tsien-lu),  on  the  boundary  between  Tibet  and 
China ;  then  ho  travelled  westwards,  in  order  to  return  to  India ;  he 
made  his  way  to  the  Za}  ul  district  of  South-eastern  Tibet,  with  the  object 
of  proceeding  into  Upper  Assam  through  the  Mishmi  country ;  but  find- 
ing it  undesirable  to  travel  across  that  region  without  protection — 
placing  himself  at  the  mercy  of  a  barbarous  hill-tribe — he  turned  north- 
wards and  followed  the  route  from  Zayul  to  Lhasa,  until  he  reached  the 
town  of  Giamda,  when  he  turned  southwards  once  more  and  proceeded 
viA  Chetang  and  Sikkim  back  to  India.  He  brought  information  to  the 
effect  that  the  river  of  Zayul  flows  into  Upper  Assam,  and  is  the  prin- 
cipal source  of  the  Lohit  Brahmaputra,  thus  corroborating  the  informa- 
tion which  had  been  obtained  in  1826  by  Wilcox,  when  he  ascended  the 
Lohit  Brahmaputra  for  a  considerable  distance  beyond  the  plains  of 
Assam,  but  was  stopped  while  still  at  some  distance  from  the  country  of 
the  Lamas.  This  corroboration  was  of  considerable  geographical  import- 
ance, for  it  showed  that  the  Yaro-tsanpo  river  of  Tibet  could  not  possibly 
be  the  source  of  the  Irawadi,  as  had  long  been  maintained  by  French 
geographers,  and  recently  reasserted  with  great  pertinacity  by  Mr. 
Bobert  Gordon,  a  civil  engineer  employed  on  the  Lower  Irawadi  by  the 
Government  of  India. 

The  •Proceedings'  for  May  1885  contain  a  paper  ^by  Mr.  Bobert 


488  SIR.  J.  F.  NEEDHAJl'S  JOURSET 

Oordon,  in  which  he  endeavours  to  prove  that  the  dietaucft  of  the  tovs 
of  Riiua  in  Zayul,  visited  by  the  Pandit,  from  the  GHsteminoat  point 
reached  by  Wilcox,  is  very  consideraljly  greater  than  is  shown  ou  either 
Wilcox's  map  or  the  Pandit's,  and  that  it  leaves  room  for  the  Taro-tsanpo 
to  flow  sonthwards  into  Burma,  taking  the  Zaynl  river  with  it.  A  few 
months  after  the  piiblication  of  Ibis  pajM.-r  Mr.  Ncedham,  a  political 
officer  in  Upper  Assam,  determined  to  tost  the  accuracy  of  Mr,  Gordon's 
theory  by  travelling  from  Assam  to  Rima  through  the  Miahnii  conntry. 
Accompanied  by  Captain  Molesworth,  three  policemen,  and  a  few  natives, 
he  performed  the  double  journey  to  Rima  and  back  in  December  1885 
and  January  1886 ;  he  travelled  both  ways  in  more  or  leas  close  vicinity 
to  the  Lohit  Brahmaputra,  and  ascertained  that  the  Zayul  river  is 
positively  identical  with  the  Lohit  Brahmaputra. 

The 'Proceedings'  for  June  1887  contain  a  paper  by  General  Walker  ou 
the  Lu  river  of  Tibet,  showing  it  to  bo  the  only  possible  Tibetan  afBuent 
of  the  Trawadi  j  a  Note,  No.  3,  is  added  on  "  Needham's  corroboration  of 
Wilcox  and  the  Pandit,"  in  which  the  distance  actually  travelled  by 
Needham  is  compared  with  the  estimated  distances  which  were  employed 
in  the  construction  of  Wilcox's  map  and  the  Pandit'8, 

Mr.  Needham's  diary,  and  the  review  of  his  operations  in  a  letter 
dated  21st  June,  1886,  from  tho  Secretary  to  the  Chief  Commissioner 
Assam  to  the  Secretary  to  the  Government  of  India  in  the  Forei| 
Department,  contain  much  interesting  information;   eiLracte  from 
former,  and  the  latter  in  extenso,  are  now  given  in  the  following  pagetkl 


Letter  from  the  Sbcuetaht  to  the  Chief  Commissioner  op 
TO  THE  Secretary  to  the  GovERSMENr  of  India, 


1 


SmLLOso,  21jt 

I  AM  desired  to  forward,  for  the  information  of  His  Excellency  the 
Governor-General  in  Couucil,  the  docnments  containing  an  account 
of  an  expedition  made  by  tho  Assistant  Political  Officer  at  Sadiya, 
Mr.  J.  F.  Needham,  from  Sadiya  to  the  Zayul  valley  of  Eastem 
Tibet,  in  December  1885  and  January  188G.  Mr,  Needham  succeeded 
in  crossing  the  frontier  and  advancing  twenty-six  miles  into  Tibetan 
territory ;  but  on  approaching  tho  village  of  Hima,  where  the  Governor 
of  the  province  is  believed  to  reside,  he  was  met  by  a  demonstration 
of  force,  and  after  having  vainly  endeavoured  to  enter  into  communi- 
cation with  the  local  authorities,  he  was  obliged  to  tnm  back  and 
retrace  his  steps  to  Assam.  Mr.  Needham  did  not  take  any  armed 
escort  with  him,  whether  of  militaiy  or  police,  but  only  three  men  of 
the  frontier  police  as  orderlies.  He  was  accompanied  by  Captain 
E.  H.  Molesworth,  Commandant  of  the  Lakhimpur  frontier  police 
battalion,  and  these  two  officers  are  the  only  Europeans  who  have  ew 
penetrated  into  Tibet  by  tho   route  of  the  Brahmaputra,  * 


Tft,  with  j^^^l 

J 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  489 

exception  of  tbe  two  French  missionaries  Messrs.  Erick  and  Boury,  who 
were  killed  by  Mishmis  after  they  had  entered  the  Zayul  valley  in  the 
year  1854.  Mr.  Needham's  report  has  been  supplemented  by  a  map 
prepared  in  this  office,  on  which  the  course  of  his  route  is  laid  down 
with  approximate  accuracy,  and  an  abstract  statement  is  also  appended, 
giving  a  general  view  of  the  number  of  marches,  their  length,  and  the 
character  of  the  country  traversed. 

The  existence  of  a  route  into  Tibet  by  the  upper  waters  of  the 
Brahmaputra  has  been  known  to  the  Indian  Government  ever  since  the 
British  occupation  of  Assam.  A  list  of  the  stages  from  Sadiya,  number* 
ing  twenty  altogether,  was  obtained  by  Lieut.  Neufville  in  1825,  and 
published  in  the  *  Asiatic  Besearches.'  In  1826,  Captain  Wilcox  sue* 
ceeded  in  advancing  three-quarters  of  the  way  to  Eima,  along  the 
southern  or  left  bank  of  the  Brahmaputra,  but  was  then  stopped  by  the 
refusal  of  the  Miju  Mishmis  to  allow  him  to  pass  through  their  country. 
Ten  years  later,  in  October-November  1836,  Dr.  Griffith  followed  the 
same  route  to  a  point  about  half-way  between  Sadiya  and  Eima,  and 
then  crossed  the  Brahmaputra,  and  visited  some  Mishmi  villages  on  the 
northern  side;  but  he,  too,  was  deterred  from  attempting  further 
progress  by  the  refusal  of  the  easterly  Mishmi  chiefs  to  give  him  a  safe- 
conduct.  Lieut.  E.  A.  Bowlatt,  in  November-December  1844,  was  the 
first  explorer  who  took  the  route  which  Mr.  Needham  has  now  followed,, 
along  the  right  or  north  bank  of  the  Brahmaputra.  He  got  as  far  as  the 
river  Du  (or  Mdaun),  within  sixty  miles  of  the  Tibetan  border,  and 
turned  back  on  being  told  that  the  intervening  country  was  destitute  of 
inhabitants,  a  state  of  things  which  does  not  exist  now,  whatever  may 
have  been  the  case  forty  years  ago.  In  1851,  the  French  missionary 
M.  Krick  succeeded  in  entering  Tibet  by  the  same  route,  and  in  return- 
ing to  Aseam  with  safety ;  and  in  1854  he  penetrated  into  the  Zayul  valley 
a  second  time,  in  the  company  of  M.  Boury ;  but  both  the  travellers- 
were  barbarously  murdered  by  the  Mishmi  chief  Kaisha,  while  sojourning 
in  the  Zayul  valley  within  a  short  distance  of  the  frontier.  For  thia 
offence,  Kaisha's  village  was  attacked  in  February  1865  by  Lieut.  Eden^ 
with  a  party  of  the  1st  Assam  Light  Infantry,  who  carried  off  Kaisha  a 
prisoner  to  Dibrugarh,  where  he  was  subsequently  hanged.  In  Decem- 
ber 1869  and  January  1870,  Mr.  J.  T.  Cooper  attempted  the  journey 
towards  Tibet  by  the  route  along  the  southern  or  left  bank  of  the^ 
Brahmaputra,  but  was  prevented  from  proceeding  by  the  refusal  of  the 
Miju  chiefs  to  admit  him  into  their  country.  His  furthest  point  was 
several  marches  short  of  that  attained  by  Wilcox  in  1826.  In  1879,  the 
Kh&mti  chief  Chowsa,  who  accompanied  Mr.  Needham  on  his  expedition,. 
got  as  far  as  the  borders  of  Zayul  by  the  northerly  route  (Lieut. 
Bowlatt*s),  but  was  prevented  by  the  Tibetan  authorities  from  entering: 
the  valley. 

The  route  taken  by]  Mr.  Needham  had  thus  been  traversed  by 


i90  1!R.  J.  F.  XELDHiJlS  JOCRSET 

Lieutenant  Bowlatt  in  1344,  as  far  as  tlie  Dn  or  Mdann  river,  while 
Captain  Wilcox  io  1826,  travelling  along  the  Bouth  Lank,  had  reached 
ft  point  conaiderably  further  eastward.  This  southern  track  is  froqnentpd 
by  the  Mishmia  of  the  left  bank  in  their  ommunicatiooB  with  Britieli 
territorj',  hut  as  a  route  towards  Eima  it  compares  disadvantageonEly 
with  tbe  more  direct  line  along  the  right  or  northern  bank  of  the  river. 
The  southern  road  leaves  the  Brahmaputra  soon  after  passing  the 
Brahmakund,  and  strikes  across  the  chord  of  an  arc  which  the  river 
forms  by  a  bend  towards  the  north ;  for  several  marches  the  track 
climbs  up  and  down,  dipping  into  deep  ravines  and  scaling  precipitous 
ridges,  which  rise  occasionally  to  elevations  of  5000  feet;  and  upon 
meeting  the  river  again,  'it  shortly  goes  over  to  the  right  bank,  and 
thenceforward  coincides  with  the  route  followed  by  Mr.  Needham.  The 
length  of  Mr.  Needham 's  route,  which  lies  wholly  along  the  north  bank, 
and  keeps  close  to  the  Bmhmaputra  all  the  way,  is  estimated  by  that 
officer  to  bo  187  miles  from  Sadiya  to  Biuia,  and  a  good  general  idea  of 
it  can  be  obtained  by  dividing  it  Into  five  sections,  aocording  to  the 
natural  characteristics  of  the  coantry  traversed. 

The  first  section  is  one  of  46  miles,  extending  from  Sadiya  to  the 
mouth  of  the  Tame  river  (Tdmemukh),  and  was  traversed  by  Mr.  Need- 
ham's  party  in  five  marches.  This  part  of  the  road  lies  entirely  thiough 
the  plains.  The  first  stage,  Sonpura,  or  Chunpura,"  18  miles  from 
Sadiya,  is  the  easternmost  oiitpost  htld  by  thu  frontier  police  upon  the 
Inner  Line,  and  is  connected  with  Sadiya  by  a  patrol-path  cut  through 
the  jungle.  In  the  next  four  marches,  the  Digiiru,  Dora,  and  Tame 
rivers,  affluents  of  the  Brahmaputra  from  the  northern  hills,  are  suc- 
cessively crossed.  Here  the  route  passes  partly  among  the  boulders  in 
the  bed  of  the  Brahmaputra,  and  partly  through  the  dense  jungle  of  ihe 
bank,  A  good  cold-woather  track  the  whole  way  to  Tumemukh  could 
probably  bo  cleared  without  much  difEculty.  Timemukh  is  the  last 
stage  of  travelling  in  the  plain  country,  and  the  farthest  point  which 
can  be  reached  by  elephants.  Boats  can  ascend  the  Brahmaputra  a 
as  the  mouth  of  the  Dora.f  but  the  cnrrent  beyond  that  point  ii 
strong  for  navigation  in  ordinary  circumstances. 

The  next  section  is  one  of  24  miles,  from  Tamemukh  to  ChoBo's 
village,  beyond  the  river  Tedeng.  This  contains  the  only  piece 
of  high  mountain  marching  on  the  whole  route.  The  country  traversed 
is  a  lofty  spur  which  runs  down  to  the  Biahmaputra  from  the  great 
mass  of  the  northern  mountains,  and  forms  the  watershed  between  the 
Dora  and  Tame  on  the  west  and  the  Tedeng  on  the  east.     The  first 

•  8o  called  from  the  lime  (chua)  which  ia  collected  hero  from  boulders  lollt-d  down 
by  the  Etream  of  Ibo  Brahmaputra.  The  local  mime  of  the  Bistinjeputru  Hbove  Sadi^ 
isLohit. 

i  LieutLnant  Kowlatt  went  up  by  boat  ucarl;  na  far  ns  Doramulib.  nnd  Mr.  Mced- 
liam  B  party  come  down  tlie  river  from  tlat  jioiiit  on  tljoir  return  in  a  tingle  duj,  thua 
g  Ibree  marchei  overluid. 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  491 

march  from  TAmemukh  ascends  the  hills  by  the  gorge  of  an  aflfluent  of 
that  river,  and  leads  to  a  camping-place  at  an  elevation  of  3200  feet. 
The  next  march  ascends  1300  feet  in  the  first  four  miles,  crosses  the 
ridge  at  4500  feet,  and  descends  again  to  Hai-imsong's  village  at  a  height 
of  1800  feet,  overlooking  the  Tedeng  valley.  The  third  march  descends 
to  and  crosses  the  Tedeng  *  at  an  elevation  of  600  feet,  and  then  ascends 
1000  feet  to  Chose's  village.  This  section  of  the  route,  therefore, 
includes  the  greatest  ascents  and  descents  met  with  in  the  whole 
journey,  and  attains  the  highest  elevation,  viz.  4500  feet,  at  the  point 
where  the  ridge  is  crossed.  The  track  was  precisely  that  which  wa& 
followed  by  Lieut.  Rowlatt  in  184:4,  and  Hai-imsong*s  village  appears 
to  have  been  in  the  same  situation  then  as  it  is  now.  Lieut.  Rowlatt 
calls  it  Saloomgom,  a  name  which  Mr.  Needham  mentions  as  the  local 
title  of  its  site.  The  name  of  the  Gam  or  headman  in  1844  was  Abasong. 
The  Tedeng  is  a  considerable  river,  and  its  valley  is  occupied  by  Mishmi 
villages  to  the  distance  of  several  days'  journey  above  Hai-imsong*s. 
After  leaving  the  Tedeng,  the  route  continues  in  the  immediate  vicinity 
of  the  Brahmaputra,  until  it  ascends  to  Chose's  village.  This  village, 
or  one  near  it,  seems  to  have  been  one  of  Lieut.  Rowlatt's  stages  also, 
the  name  of  the  chief  then  being  Heasong.  He  is  probably  the 
Eayasong  (Eeasong)  who  was  one  of  Lieut.  Eden's  allies.  In  1836  Dr. 
Griffith  found  a  cbief  called  Premsong  living  near  the  site  of  Chose's 
present  village. 

The  third  section  of  the  route  comprises  the  country  traversed 
between  Chose's  village  and  the  Dalci.  This  river  is  the  largest  affluent 
which  the  Brahmaputra  receives  on  its  right  bank  eastwards  of  the 
Digdm.  This  part  of  the  route  presents  much  difficult  marching,  with 
sharp  ascents  and  declivities.  There  is  a  descent  of  900  feet  from  Chose's 
to  the  Paini  (a  small  tributary  of  the  Brahmaputra  visited  by  Griffith 
on  a  botanising  excursion  in  November  1836),  and  a  corresponding 
ascent  of  800  feet  to  Prongsong's  village  on  the  other  side ;  the  path 
then  descends  gradually  to  the  bed  of  the  Brahmaputra,  crossing  the 
hill-streams  Mum  and  Tdlua,  and  follows  the  bank  of  the  river  to  the 
mouth  of  a  larger  stream  called  Urn,  which  joins  the  Brahmaputra  at  an 
elevation  of  960  feet.  From  this  point  there  is  a  steep  ascent  of  650  feet 
to  Takulong's  village  at  a  height  of  1600  feet.  On  leaving  Takulong's, 
the  path  taken  by  Mr.  Needham  and  Captain  Molesworth  goes  along  the 
face  of  a  precipice  rising  immediately  from  the  bed  of  the  Brahmaputra, 
but  there  is  a  cattle-path  higher  up,  which  was  followed  by  the  servants 
and  Ehdmtis  of  the  party.  The  next  step  is  a  descent  of  700  feet,  suc- 
ceeded by  an  ascent  to  Misong's  village  at  an  altitude  of  1300  feet.    The 

*  The  story  told  of  this  river,  that  it  rises  from  a  motmttiin  which  shines  like  gold 
wlion  lighted  by  the  sun  in  summer,  resembles  the  circumstance  recorded  by  Humboldt 
of  a  peak  near  the  Upper  Orinoco ;  and  the  cause  is  prohably  the  same  in  both  case?, 
viz.  the  fact  that  micaceous  granite  enters  largely  into  tlie  composition  of  the  mountains 
which  feed  the  affluents  of  the  Orinoco  and  the  Brahmaputra. 


493 


MR.  J.  F.  NEEDHAirs  JOURKEr 


path  thon  impruves  until  the  luat  port  of  the  descent  to  the  Dalei,  vrhick 
IB  difBcnlt  by  reason  of  its  steepness. 

LieutenaDt  Bowliktt  seeme  to  have  made  a  single  march  of  thij 
Bpction  of  the  route,  from  Chose's  village,  or  its  vicinity,  to  Lumling's' 
villftgo  near  the  Dalei.*  Ho  mentions  the  cioasing  of  the  Ttilua  river, 
as  well  as  the  dangeroug  piece  of  road  along  the  face  of  the  precipice, 
"  from  which,"  lie  says,  "  had  any  one  fallen,  he  would  have  been  pre- 
cipitated some  thousand  feet  into  the  boiling  sti'eam  of  the  Burhampooter, 
the  noise  of  wbosa  waters  was  just  audible  from  the  height  we  were 
passing."  Lumling's  village,  which  consisted  of  a  single  house  of  vast 
dimensions,  is  said  by  Lieutenant  Rowlatt  to  have  been  situated  a  short 
distance  westward  of  the  Daloi,  and  this  accords  with  the  locality 
pointed  out  to  Mr.  Needham  as  the  old  site  of  the  house.  After  Lum- 
ling's death  his  son  Takulong  moved  farther  westward  to  his  present 
village.  The  catises  of  this  migration  were  connected  with  the  capti 
of  Ktdaha,  and  will  be  alluded  to  again  hereafter. 

"  The  Dalei  river,"  says  Lieutenant  Eowlatt,  "  is  a  stream  of 
siderahle  size,  having  its  rise  in  the  snowy  range  bordering  the 
country,  along  whose  banks  a  path  to  that  country  exists,"  emorgiug  at 
ft  Tibetan  village  called  Glee.f  The  Mishmi  chief  Fremsong  offered  to 
tiike  Dr.  GiifEth  into  Tibet  by  this  route  in  November  1836.  These 
facts  correspond  with  the  information  gathered  by  Mr.  Needham.  He 
was  told  that  the  Dalei  had  its  source  in  "  the  snowy  mountains  bordering 
on  Tibet,"  that  Mishmi  villages  are  numerous  in  its  valley,  and  that  the 
most  northerly  of  them  are  situated  within  a  short  distance  of  the 
Tibetan  border.  A  list  of  twenty  of  these  villages  is  given  in  Captain 
Deresford's  cote  on  the  nortb-easleni  frontier  of  Assam,  printed  in  1880. 
Kaisha's  village  was  situated  on  one  of  the  hills  upon  the  eastern  side  of 
the  valley,  and  Lieutenant  Eden's  night-march  to  surprise  it  on  the  7th- 
8th  February,  1855,  is  described  as  one  continuous  ascent  of  10  hours 
after  crossing  the  Dalei.  Lieutenant  Eden's  party  had  rested  during 
the  previous  day  at  Lumling's  village,  which  then  occupied  its  old  site 
on  the  western  bunk  of  that  rivei-.  They  made  fivo  marches  from 
Doramnkh  to  this  point. 

At  Tdkulong's  village,  Mr.  Needham  obtained  Mishmi  porters, 
replaced  the  Dudniya  {  coolies  he  had  brought  with  him  from  Sadi 
some  of  whom  ho  had  already  been  obliged  to  part  with  at  Choi 
village  on  the  Dora,  as  being  unequal  to  the  fatigues  of  the  journey. 
In  the  next  march  he  again  exchanged  some  of  Tiikulong's  men  for 
Mishmis  from  adjoining  villages.     The  men  thus  engaged  acoompaoJAd 

*  Lieutenant  Bowlatt  irritea  Ihefie  oaatea  as  Bumling  and  Diree. 

t  Tlie  natno  Glee  does  not  occur  in  the  Paudit  A— k's  euumeritionof  rillagM 
Znjal  valley. 

t  DuiniyoH  arc  half-bteeda  between   AsBamese  and  fiingplioa,  ao  called 
value  oa  iutcrproten,  <!uan  being  tbe  Ageatnoiie  iTord  for  lamjantje. 


m 


illed  from  U^^H 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  493 

Mr.  Needbam  to  Bima,  and  back  again  to  Tdkulong's,  and  five  of  tbeir 
number  went  on  witb  tbe  party  from  Tdkulong's  to  tbe  Dora,  wbere  tbe 
land  route  was  exebanged  for  boats. 

Tbe  fourtb  section  of  tbe  route  comprises  tbe  country  traversed 
between  tbe  Dalei  and  tbe  frontier  of  Zayul.     Tbe  first  tbree  marcbes 
include  some  considerable  ascents  and  descents,  wbicb  are  generally 
steep  and  difficult.    Tbe  patb  first  ascends  200  feet  from  tbe  Dalei,  and 
tben  descends  300  feet  to  tbe  Mdaun  or  Du,  rising  as  bigb  again  on  tbe 
opposite  side;   furtber  on,  it  descends  abruptly  to  tbe  Brabmaputra, 
rises  200  feet  again,  passes  a  bill-stream  called  tbe  Tfnf,  and  ultimately 
comes  down  to  a  baiting-place  upon  a  sandbank  in  tbe  bed  of  tbe  Brabma- 
putra.    Tbe  next  marcb  crosses  tbe  Oi  river  at  an  elevation  of  1250  feet, 
and  continues  along  a  winding  and  uneven  patb,  sometimes  descending 
into  tbe  bed  of  tbe  Brabmaputra,  and  rising  at  one  point  to  1700  feet. 
Tbe  camping-place  was  a  waste  spot  above  tbe   Brabmaputra,  after 
crossing  a  bill-stream  called  H&long.     In  tbe  tbird  stage  tbe  cbanges  of 
elevation  are  considerably  greater.     After  passing  along  tbe  face  of  a 
dangerous   precipice,   tbe  patb  descends  gradually  700  feet,  and  rises 
again  900  feet;  tben  descends  900  feet  to  tbe  Hdlai  river,  wbicb  is 
crossed  at  an  elevation  of  1300  feet;  tbe  patb  tben  climbs  800  feet  up  a 
spur,  crosses  tbe  Ndmti,  and  reacbes  a  camping-place  on  tbe  bill-side  at 
tbe  beigbt  of  1800  feet.    In  tbe  next  two  marcbes  tbe  average  elevation 
gradually  rises ;  tbe  S&  rivnlet  is  crossed  at  1850  feet,  and  subsequently 
tbe  Cbud,  and  tbe  altitude  of  tbe  bed  of  tbe  Brabmaputra  is  now 
1700  feet.    Tbe  second  of  tbese  two  marcbes  was  one  of  two  miles  only. 
Tbe  camping-places  at  tbe  end  of  botb  marcbes  were  level  spots  above 
tbe  Brabmaputra.    Tbe  sixtb  stage  crosses  tbe  bill-stream  Mdti,  passes 
tbe  emboucbure  of  tbe  Lu  Ti  on  tbe  left  bank  of  tbe  Brabmaputra,  and 
subsequently  tbat  of  tbe  Gbalum  or  Kdlang  Tf,  crosses  tbe  bill-stream 
Cbura,  and  ends  at  Luse's  bouse  at  an  elevation  of  2200  feet.     Tbe 
seven tb  stage  crosses  tbe  bill-streams  Kdmtl  and  Gbungtf,  and  ends  in 
Krongdong's  village,  at  2600  feet.     Tbe  eigbtb  stage,  from  Krongdong's 
to  a  camping-place  in  tbe  jungle  adjoining  tbe  Tibetan  border,  attains 
an  elevation  of  2800  feet  at  one  point,  and  includes  a  dangerous  piece  of 
road  across  tbe  face  of  a  precipitous  spur.     Tbe  bill-streams  Satf  and 
Sikki  are  crossed  in  tbis  stage.    Tbese  last  tbree  stages  contain  no  great 
ascents  and  declivities,  but  tbe  road  is  generally  uneven  and  difficult, 
and  occasionally  descends  among  tbe  boulders  of  tbe  Brabmaputra  at 
elevations  of  1800,  2000,  and  latterly  2500  feet. 

In  general,  tbrougbout  tbis  section  of  tbe  route,  tbe  patb  traverses 
steep  stony  undulations,  or  passes  under  overarcbing  jungle,  wbere 
progress  must  be  made  in  a  stooping  posture.  Mr.  Needbam  reiterates 
Dr.  Griffitb's  complaint  tbat  '*  it  is  one  of  tbe  cbaraoteristics  of  Meesb- 
mees  tbat  tbey  would  sooner  risk  tbeir  necks  tban  take  tbe  trouble  of 
cutting  down  underwood."    But  anotber  feature  of  tbis  section  of  tbe 


494  MR.  J.  F.  NEEDIIAM'S  JOURNEY 

roato  ie  tbe  altematioa  of  these  difficult  places  with  level  terracee  which 
are  uuder  cultivation,  or  bear  recent  tracea  of  Laving  been  ctiltivated. 
Between  the  Dulei  and  the  Lu  Ti,  the  valley  of  the  Brahmaputra  may 
bo  said,  oomparatively  speaking,  to  be  pretty  thickly  settled.  Wilcox 
found  well-built  villages,  with  abimdanoe  of  cattle,  covering  the  open 
and  undulating  country  upon  the  southern  side  of  the  Brahmaputra, 
above  the  embouchure  of  the  Hitlai.  Cooper  also  mentions  the  fact  that 
the  lower  hilla  on  the  southern  side  are  "  dotted  with  Mishmi  dwellings, 
surrounded  by  patches  of  cultivated  land,"  and  Mr.  Needham'a  diary 
bears  witneaa  to  the  frequency  of  cultivation  on  both  aides  of  the  river 
along  this  part  of  the  route.  The  valley  of  the  Brahmaputra  is  here 
half  a  mile  wide,  and  the  breadth  of  the  stream  does  not  exceed  20  yards 
in  the  narrowest  places ;  it  is  impetuoua  and  full  of  rapids,  and  Mr, 
Needham  found  flood-marks  20  feet  above  its  cold-weather  level.  It  is 
crossed  by  numerous  catie  bridges.  Another  feature  of  this  section  of 
the  route  is  the  change  in  tho  character  of  the  vegetation  which  is 
observed  after  crossing  the  nilai.  Pines  here  begin  to  clothe  the  hill- 
sides, and  oak  forests  also  occur.  At  Luse's  village  peach  trees  were 
found. 

These  changes  in  the  scenary  and  vegetation  of  the  valley  were 
remarked  by  Wilcox  in  182G.  Beyond  the  HiUai  river,  on  the  north 
bank  of  the  Biahmaputra,  he  saw  "  a  new  succoasion  of  hills  of  a  totAlly 
different  character.  These  green  grass-covered  hills  have  many  fire 
growing  singly,  even  near  the  level  of  the  water,  and  they  are  striped 
sometimes  from  the  eunimit  to  the  base  with  fir  forest."  Going  further 
eastwards,  the  information  which  Wilcox  haa  left  on  record  about  the 
Ghalum  or  Kiilang  Ti  also  agrees  with  the  particulars  collected  by  Mr. 
Keedham.  This  river  takes  its  rise  in  the  snowy  mountains  which  give 
birth  to  the  western  sources  of  the  Irawadi,  and  appeara  to  be  the  most 
considerable  aifluunt  of  the  Brahmaputra  on  its  southern  side,  eastward 
of  the  Tengapani.  Its  valley,  where  it  joins  the  Brahmaputra,  is  nearly 
as  wide  as  that  of  the  great  river  itself,  and  is  occupied  by  Mishmi 
villages,  which  carry  on  a  trade  vrith  the  Bor  Khiimti  country.  Beyond 
the  Ghalum  Ti,  the  route  along  the  southern  bank  of  the  Brahmaputra 
comes  to  an  end,  and  travellers  bound  for  Tibet  have  to  cross  to  the  right 
or  northern  bank.  This  fact  is  alluded  to  by  Wilcos,  who  menlions  that 
if  ho  had  insisted  on  advancing,  the  hostile  Mijn  chiefs  were  prepared  to 
attack  him  upon  the  division  of  his  party  "  at  the  crossing-place  of  the 
great  river."  Wilcox's  farthest  point  was  a  few  miles  short  of  the 
embouchure  of  the  Lu  Ti,  and  would  correspond  to  a  point  on  Mr, 
NeedJiam's  route  about  67  miles  short  of  Rima,  and  130  miles  from  Sadiya 
along  the  right  bank  of  the  Brahmaputra. 

Cooper  also  seems  to  have  turned  back  from  about  the  same  point. 
The  village  which  he  mentions  as  that  of  "  Bowsong.theheadof  the  Fnm  ' 
clan,"  was  pointed  out  to  Mr.  Needham  while  he  was  still  to  tl 


1  ot  the  rnmj__B 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  495 

ward  of  tlie  embouchure  of  the  Lu  Tf,  and  Bowsong's  sons  came  across 
the  Brahmaputra  to  visit  his  camp.  The  position  of  this  village  (Cooper's 
farthest)  is  wrongly  marked  on  all  the  maps,  being  shown  a  long  way 
to  the  eastward  of  the  Ohalum  Ti,  and  much  nearer  to  the  frontier  of 
Zayul  than  it  really  is.  Cooper  never  crossed  the  Lu  Tf  or  the  Ghalum 
Ti,  and  indeed  does  not  mention  either  of  them,  though  Wilcox  does. 

Lieut.  Bowlatt's  farthest  point  along  the  right  bank  of  the  Brahma- 
putra was  a  village  which  he  calls  Tuppang,  situated  on  '*  the  Dagoom 
range  of  mountains,"  which  form  the  eastern  boundary  of  the  valley  of 
the  Mdaun  or  Du.  Lieut.  Bowlatt  was  informed  that  the  Lama  country 
(Tibet)  could  be  reached  from  Tuppang  in  three  days,  and  in  fact  he 
met  some  Tibetans  there,  who  "  had  come  across  the  snowy  range  for 
the  purpose  of  trading  with  the  Mishmis  for  teeta.**  M.  Erick's  servant 
who  was  carried  off  by  Eaisha,  told  Lieutenant  Eden  that  the  journey 
from  Sdm6  ia  Zayul  to  Eaisha's  village,  by  the  head-waters  of  the  Du, 
across  the  snow,  occupied  five  days. 

The  fifth  and  last  section  of  Mr.  Needham's  route  consists  of  the 
twenty-six  miles  marched  by  the  party  within  Tibetan  territory  in  the 
space  of  three  days,  from  the  point  where  they  crossed  the  border  to  a 
spot  closely  adjoining  Bima,  the  village  where  the  Governor  of  Zayul  is 
believed  to  reside.  Here  there  were  no  physical  difficulties  to  encounter, 
the  path  being  generally  good,  though  steep  and  slippery  in^some 
places,  and  the  altitude  gradually  rises  from  2600  to  3600  feet.  The 
first  stage,  after  passing  the  border-line  on  a  piece  of  open  grassy  country 
called  Ma-nekre,  crosses  the  hill-stream  Yepuk,  and  passes  the  em- 
bouchure of  a  coDsiderable  stream  called  Ding-tf,  which  comes  from  the 
mountains  of  Bor  Ehdmti,  and  falls  into  the  Brahmaputra  on  its  left 
bank.  Two  villages,  one  of  which  is  called  Tini,  are  passed  on  this 
stage,  as  also  the  deserted  sites  of  two  others.  One  of  these  latter  was 
the  village  Walong,  in  which  M.  Krick  found  shelter  in  1851,  before 
its  inhabitants  fled  from  Tibetan  oppression.  The  next  stage  crosses 
the  hill-streams  Erupti  and  Kochu,  and  passes  the  villages  of  Eand^  and 
Eanau.  The  final  stage  was  one  of  six  miles,  past  the  village  of  S4m6, 
across  the  stream  S4-chu,  and  through  the  lands  of  the  village  Sang-gu, 
up  to  the  outskirts  of  Eima. 

The  Zayul  valley,  into  which  Mr.  Needham  and  Captain  Moles- 
worth  thus  succeeded  in  penetrating,  is  known  to  us  by  the  accounts 
of  M.  Erick  in  1851,  and  of  the  Pandit  A— k  in  1882.  M.  Erick  is  said 
to  describe  the  valley  as  a  tract  cultivated  as  far  as  the  eye  can  reach, 
abounding  in  herds  of  oxen,  asses,  horses,  and  mules,  and  in  groves  of 
bamboo,  laurel,  orange,  citron,  and  peach-trees.  The  Pandit  A — k,  who 
lived  in  Zayul  from  the  23rd  May  to  the  9th  July,  1882,  describes  the 
winter  crops  as  rice,  millets,  and  pulses,  and  the  spring  crops  as  wheat, 
barley,  and  mustard  ;  the  domestic  animals  being  oxen,  half-bred  yaks, 
horses,  pigs,  and  fowls.     The  lower  end  of  the  valley,  which  was  the 

VOL.  n.  2  s 


196  MR.  J.  p.  SEEDHAM'S  JOUENEV 

part  first  traversed  by  Mr.  Needham,  is  less  open  and  cultivated  than 
the  portion  to  wliich  theBs  descriptions  refer ;  bnt  immediately  beyond 
8&.me  it  expands  into  a  level  tract  2J  miles  long,  by  a  mile  broad,  ami 
largely  occupied  by  terrace  cultivation,  Mr,  Needham  saw  fields  of  rice 
!ind  pobosa  (ft  species  of  cleusiue),  and  traces  of  the  use  of  the  plough,  a 
circumBlanco  noticed  by  Lieut.  Rowlatt  in  1845,  who  observed  marks  of 
the  yoke  on  the  necks  of  cattle  hronght  by  the  Mishmia  from  the  Lama 
valley.  Some  grazing  mules  were  also  met  with,  and  a  gruv©  of  lime 
trees  was  passed  soon  after  croasing  the  border.  The  village  of  SAoi^, 
where  Mr.  Needham  haltetl  for  a  few  minutes,  is  that  where  Messrs.  Erick 
and  Boury  were  murdered  by  the  Miahmi  Kaisha,  and  it  wiis  the  farthtrst 
point  reached  by  the  Pandit  A — k  on  his  way  down  the  valley  in  the 
direction  of  Assam.  Another  village,  Sangu  or  Singu,  situutod  between 
S&me  and  Eima,  is  mentioned  both  hy  the  Pandit  and  Mr.  Needliani. 
According  to  the  Pandit's  nioiBurements,  Sangu  is  5J  miles  from  Bima. 
and  the  distance  ^m  Sangu  to  a  small  stream,  which  is  evidently 
Mr.  Needham's  SA-chu,  is  threo-quarters  of  a  mile  farther  in  the  snnii- 
direction,  while  S^mc,  again,  lies  three-quarters  of  a  mile  beyond  thi.> 
S^rcho,  or  6J  miles  from  Eima.  The  elevation  of  Rima  was  calcalut^it 
by  the  Pandit,  from  the  boiling-point  of  water,  to  be  46(>0  feet ;  but  the 
highest  point  marked  by  Mr.  Needham's  aneroid  barometer  in  the  Z^iyul 
vallev  was  3600  feet  only. 

The  name  which  the  Pandit  assigns  to  the  whole  district  is  Zuynb 
Mr.  Needham  was  prevented  from  holding  any  converse  with  the 
inhabitants  of  the  valley,  and  his  only  source  of  information  was  & 
native  of  Sdme  whom  ho  had  ransomed  from  durance  in  Tikniong's 
village.  This  man  was  desirous  of  accompanying  Mr.  Needham  back  to 
Assam  with  his  whole  family,  hut  was  detained  by  the  Til  •clan 
authorities.  His  name  for  the  valley  appears  to  be  Zai-w£.  Mr.  Need- 
ham found  that  the  conutrj-  for  some  distance  on  the  Tibetan  aide  of  the 
border  was  kuown  as  Wi-long,  Zai-w4  seems  to  be  a  compound  of  the 
two  first  ayllahles  of  Za-yul  and  Wd-long.*  The  second  syllable  of  Za-yul 
is  certainly  the  Tibetan  word  i/ul,  signifying  "country,"  and  the  fiist 
syllable  may  perhaps  he  the  local  equivalent  of  the  Tibetan  irord  lAin, 
meaning  "hot."t  The  Pandit  tells  \\a  that  the  Zaj-nl  district  is 
regarded  by  the  Tibetans  as  the  warmest  place  in  their  country,  and  is 
therefore  used  as  a  penal  settlement  for  transported  prisoners.  The 
name  Zayul  would  thus  be  analogous  in  signification  to  the  Garmtir  of 
southern   Persia.    Bishop  Mazure,  Vicar  Apostolic  of  Tibet  in  1801, 

•  Tlio  fttcility  with  which  part  of  a  word  is  dropped  in  composition  is  a  clwnrlct^ 
isUc  ot  moDoajllabio  lunguBges.  The  onmpoand  Zai-ird  is  anatogoua  to  the  name  of  llie 
Corean  proviuco  of  Phyoug-an,  nhicli  is  compounded  of  tlie  two  firiit  ■j'Ibblia  of 
Pbjong-yong  and  An-ju,  namci  of  its  principal  cities. 

t  It  secnx  certain,  at  least,  that  tliii  is  the  etymology  of  the  district  iminediatcly  to 
the  cast  of  Zayul,  viz.  Taa-rong,  which  means  litetallj  "  tlio  hot  rarioe,"  rong  being  tie 
Tibetan  uamo  for  a  tegion  of  deep  rlTer-valleya 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  497 

gives  the  name  of  the  district  as  Zain.*  His  village  of  "  Oua,  the  last 
Tibetan  village  in  the  direction  of  the  Mishmis,"  is  evidently  Wd-long, 
the  last  syllable  of  this  word  being  either  a  Mishmi  suffix,  or  the 
Tibetan  log  («),  which  signifies  a  district.  The  Digdru  name  for  the 
whole  valley  is  simply  L&ma,  i.  e.  Tibetan  territory. 

The  governing  authorities  of  Zayul  are  stated  by  the  Pandit  to 
be  a  Jong  Pon  and  a  Shian-u,  the  former  being  a  military  governor, 
while  the  latter  f  is  the  civil  magistrate.  The  official  capital  of  the 
district  is  said  by  the  Pandit  to  be  called  Shikha,  but  the  govcinment 
buildings  are  situated  in  the  lands  of  the  village  of  Eima.  The  only 
official  personage  whose  title  was  heard  by  Mr.  Needham,  was  an  officer 
whom  the  inhabitants  of  the  valley  called  the  Jdn.  {  The  forces  at  his 
disposal  appear  to  have  consisted  of  genuine  Tibetans,  as  distinguished 
from  the  natives  of  the  district.  These  latter  are  said  by  the  Pandit  to 
resemble  the  Tibetans  in  dress  (a  circumstance  verified  by  Mr.  Needham), 
but  to  have  a  language  of  their  own,  different  from  the  Tibetan,  which 
latter,  however,  they  understand.  Tibetan  is  probably  the  official 
language  of  the  district. 

It  seems  to  be  an  open  question  how  far  the  Tibetan  boundary 
•extends  towards  the  Mishmi  country.  Wdlong  was  regarded  as  a 
Tibetan  village  in  1851.  But  some  miles  to  the  east  of  Wdlong, 
Mr.  Needham  passed  a  deserted  village  whose  former  inhabitants  had 
refused  to  pay  taxes  to  the  Zayul  authorities.  Little  is  known  of  the 
relations  between  the  Tibetan  authorities  and  the  Mishmis  in  former 
years.  In  1836,  a  Tibetan  force  of  70  men  went  down  the  Brahmaputra 
valley  as  far  as  the  neighbourhood  of  the  Hdlai,  in  response  to  the 
invitation  of  a  Miju  chief  for  aid  against  the  Digdrus,  whom  they 
defeated.  A  later  quarrel  between  the  Dig&rus  and  the  Tibetans  is 
mentioned  in  Mr.  Needham's  diary  of  the  20th  December,  and  it  was 
perhaps  in  connection  with  these  hostilities  that  a  rumour  of  the  sack  of 
Bima  by  the  Dig^rus  reached  Dibrugarh  in  November  1879.  In  the 
absence  of  any  strongly-marked  geographical  division,  it  seems  probable 
that  Tibetan  authority  in  the  south-western  extremity  of  the  Zayul  valley 

*  Dr.  Griffith  (1836)  says  that  the  Mishmia  of  the  Tedeng  and  its  neighbourhood 
used  the  name  dai  for  the  Zayul  valley,  and  that  the  word  means  *'  plain."  It  may, 
■however,  be  a  corrnption  of  the  name  dzain.  In  a  recent  paper  in  the  Nineteenth  Centitry, 
Mr.  0.  Lepper  (writing  apparently  from  accounts  given  by  Chinese  or  Tibetim  travel- 
lers) calls  the  district  Dza  yeu,  where  yen  evidently  stands  for  ytU,  final  /  being  mute  in 
some  dialects  of  Tibetan. 

t  John  Pon,  or  in  exact  orthography,  rdzong-pon,  signifies  "  lord  of  the  castle."  The 
word  Shian-u  literally  signifies  ^  treasurer."  Mr.  Lepper  gives  Shiaiig-ze  as  the  title  of 
the  treasurer  of  a  monastery.  Dr.  A.  Campbell  (1855)  says  that  the  Btato  treasurer  of 
TihfMMH\  is  assisted  by  **  two  sub-treasurers  styled  Shang-jotes."  In  this  latter  form  the 
word  is  nearest  to  its  correct  Tibetan  spelling,  phyag-mdzod :  the  combination  phy  in 
Tibetan  is  commutable  into  soft  cA,  which  again  interchanges  with  sh. 

X  Tibetan  (r)jef  *<  ruler';  the  final  n  is  apparently  a  provincialism,  as  also  in  Zain 
for  ZcU  or  Za  as  the  name  of  the  district. 

2x2 


498 


MR.  .1.  F.  NEEDBAM'S  JOUSNEy 


depends  rather  on  the  casual  exertion  oF  force  than  upon  any  recogniaed 
distinction  between  the  natives  of  Zayul  and  their  Miehmi  neighbooTS. 
The  Pandit  was  told  that  the  Tibetan  bonndary  was  at  the  hamlet  of 
ZaynlmeJ,  16  miles  on  the  further  aide  of  Sam^  from  Rima.  Mr.  Need- 
ham  dees  not  mention  aoy  such  village,  and  it  would  seem  that 
Zayuhned  ■  is  simply  the  Tibetan  name  for  the  place  called  Walong  in 
the  native  dialect.  Again,  Mr,  Needham's  ransomed  native  of  Sdme 
seems  to  have  been  but  imperfectly  acquainted  with  Tibetan,  while  he 
spoke  the  Digani  language  well,  a  circumstance  which  suggests  some 
affinity  between  the  Mishmi  dialects  and  the  indigenous  language  of 
Zayiil.t  It  is  much  to  be  regretted  that  Mr.  Needham  was  unable  to 
make  those  observations  regarding  the  speech  and  ethnology  of  the 
natives  of  Zayul  which  he  undoubtedly  would  have  made  if  bo  had  been 
permitted  to  remain  a  short  lime  in  the  valley. 

The  geographical  information  gathered  by  Mr.  Needham  regard- 
ing the  source  of  the  Brahmaputra  corresponds  exactly  with  the  report 
of  the  Pandit  A— k,  who  actually  visited  the  head-waters  of  both  its 
branches,  which  unite  together  close  to  Rima.  From  the  last  spot  where 
be  halted,  Mr.  Needham  was  able  to  see  the  gorges  of  both  tbe«e 
streams.  The  easterly  one  is  called  the  Zayul  Chu  by  the  Pandit  and 
Ld  Ti  by  Mr.  Needham's  ransomed  native  of  Sam6,  and  the  westerly  one 
is  that  which  the  Pundit  calls  the  Rong  Tliod  Chu,  and  to  which  Mr. 
Needham's  man  gave  the  name  Mi  Chu.  The  source  of  this  latter 
stream  was  assigned  by  Mr.  Needham's  Mishmis  (on  Tibetau  report)  to 
the  same  range  of  snowy  mountains  whence  another  river  flowing  west- 
ward takes  its  ritie,  sod  the  distance  of  this  spot  from  I!ima  was  said  to 
be  fifteen  days'  journey.  The  Pandit's  diary  records  fifteen  marches 
made  by  him  from  Rima  to  the  glacier  whence  both  the  Rung  Thud  Chu 
and  the  Nagong  Chu  take  their  rise.  The  latter  river  is  that  which, 
nccording  to  Mr.  Needham's  Mishmis,  "flows  away  west  inio  the  Abor 
country."  It  is,  in  fact,  that  easterly  affluent  of  the  Dil:ong  which  is 
marked  as  the  Nagong  Chu  on  the  map  accompanying  tho  printed  nar- 
rative of  the  Pandit's  explorations.  The  existence  of  this  river  wm 
known  to  Captain  Wilcox  in  1826,  who  was  told  by  a  Mishmi  chief  that 
the  Dihoiig  had  two  branches,  "one  from  or  passing  Lfaassa,  and  the 
other,  the  smaller  of  the  two,  rising  near  the  heads  of  the  Brahmaputra," 
adding  that  "  the  Lhassa  people,  on  their  way  to  the  Lama  valley  "  (i.  e, 
Zayul),  "  go  up  the  loEser  Dihoug  and  cross  over  snowy  mountains  from 
its  source  to  that  of  the  Brabniapulra,"  i.e.  the  PandiVs  Rong  Thod  Chu. 
This  lesser  Bihong  was  described  also  by  the  Pasi  Meyong  Aliors  to 
Captain  Beresford   in    1879   as    "  the   Edlapani,  which   falls  into 

•  ZnjTilmed  moani  "lower Zajul. ' 

t  This  aiaii'i  oatno  for  the  easlcrn  brLinoU  of  the  Braljmnpntra  above  Rinw 
Punilit's  Zayul  Cliu)  was  hi  Ti,  vhicli  plaial}-  eeems  lo  bi!  HUIimi.  Ti  ia  tlie  UU 
word  for  watct. 


-1 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  499 

DiHong  some  distance  in  the  interior  of  the  hills/'  and  they  also  men- 
tioned a  route  into  the  Lama  country  by  following  up  the  Kdlapdni  and 
crossing  the  snowy  ranges.  The  identity  of  the  Ealapdni  with  the 
Kagong  Chu  appears  from  the  fact  that  the  Assamese  name  is  merely  a 
translation  of  the  Tibetan  one,  Nagong  Chu  signifying  literally  "  black 
water."  Again,  Lumling  told  Lieutenant  Eowlatt  in  1845  that  the 
Tibetan  village  highest  up  the  Brahmaputra  was  named  Lisko  (perhaps 
the  Pandit's  Lasi  and  Sugu),  *'  where  the  Burhampooter  is  said  to  be 
but  a  mountain  rivulet;  and  on  the  west  side  of  the  same  mountain 
from  which  this  issues  likewise  proceeds  the  Dehong."  We  have  thus  a 
chain  of  concurrent  testimony  to  the  fact  that  the  main  stream  of  the 
Brahmaputra  takes  its  rise  in  a  glacier  of  Tibet,  about  fifteen  days* 
journey  northwards  from  the  Zayul  valley ;  and  that  the  same  glacier 
gives  birth  also  to  a  large  easterly  affluent  of  the  Dihong.  This  geo- 
graphical fact  is  evidently  familiar  to  all  the  hill  tribes  inhabiting  the 
mountains  above  the  Upper  Brahmaputra. 

Here  it  may  be  remarked  that  Mr.  Needham's  expedition  has  rendered 
an  important  service  to  geographical  science,  by  filling  up  a  gap 
which  was  left  unexplored  by  the  Pandit  A — k.  The  identity  of  the 
Sanpo  with  the  Dihong  has  hitherto  been  open  to  question.  A  great 
deal  of  evidence  against  it,  and  in  favour  of  the  identity  of  the  Sanpo 
and  the  Irawadi,  will  be  found  marshalled  in  the  '  Gazetteer  of  Burma,' 
Part  I.,  pp.  115-118 ;  and  Mr.  Eobert  Gordon  has  maintained  the  same 
view  in  an  ingenious  paper  recorded  in  the  *  Proceedings  of  the  Boyal 
Geographical  Society'  for  May  1885.  If  the  river  of  Kima  be  assumed 
to  be  identical  with  the  Brahmaputra,  it  is  obvious  that  the  Sanpo  in  its 
supposed  course  from  Tibet  to  Burma  must  pass  round  to  the  north  of 
the  head-waters  of  that  river.  But  if  the  Sanpo  really  did  pass  that 
way,  the  Pandit  must  have  crossed  it  twice  on  his  journey  into  the  Zayul 
valley  from  Upper  Tibet  and  back  again.  In  travelling  from  Bathang 
to  the  source  of  the  eastern  branch  of  the  Brahmaputra,  which  he  calls 
the  Zayul  Chut,  he  must  have  crossed  from  the  left  bank  of  the  Sanpo  to 
the  right;  and  in  returning  to  Upper  Tibet  by  the  sources  of  the 
Bongthod  Chu  or  western  branch  of  the  Brahmaputra,  he  must  have 
crossed  the  Sanpo  again  from  the  right  bank  to  the  left.  The  Pandit's 
diary  shows  that  in  these  parts  of  his  journey  he  did  not  thus  cross  the 
Sanpo,  and  Mr.  Gordon  does  not  dispute  its  correctness.  The  passage  of 
the  Sanpo  into  Burma  round  the  sources  of  the  Eima  river  being  thus 
disproved,  the  only  alternative  suppo>ition,  on  the  hypothesis  of  the 
identity  of  the  Sanpo  and  the  Irawadi,  is  that  the  river  of  Eima  is  not 
the  Brahmaputra,  but  itself  an  affluent  of  the  Sanpo,  and  that  the  Sanpo 
finds  its  way  towards  Burma  somewhere  between  the  frontier  of 
Assam  and  the  furthest  point  reached  by  the  Pandit  in  the  Zayul 
valley,  viz.  the  village  of  Samfi.  This,  therefore,  was  the  theory 
advanced  in  Mr.   Gordon's  paper  above  mentioned,  and  in  his  map 


coo  MR.  J.  F.  NEEDHAM'S  JOL'RNEr 

iUustrating  it  tbo  riv3r  of  Eima  is  shown  as  turning  Bonthirarda  an3 
falling  into  tlie  Sunpo  on  its  left  Ijank,  while  Rima  itself,  and  the  whole 
Zayul  vallty,  are  pushed  further  eastward  than  the  Pandit  placed  (hem, 
ihuB  leaving  a  broad  interval  between  the  western  end  of  the  Zayul 
valley  aud  the  limit  of  exploration  from  tho  Assam  frontier  eastwards  ; 
iind  through  this  unlinown  cotintry  flows  the  imaginary  San}>o  on  its 
way  to  Burma.  Mr,  Needham's  espedition  has  loft  this  theory  no  ground 
to  stand  on.  It  has  vindicated  the  position  assigned  to  Bima  by  the 
I'iindit,  and  has  proved  oonclusively  that  the  Rima  river  is  one  and  the 
same  with  the  Brahmaputra,  which  was  followed  up  by  Mr,  Needham 
tho  whole  way  from  Sadiya  to  that  place.  The  unexplored  country, 
with  itfl  imaginary  Sanpo,  disappears  altogether.  The  Saopo  being  thus 
denied  an  outlet  towards  Burma  in  any  direction,  the  only  alternative 
is  fc  fall  back  upon  the  belief  in  its  identity  with  the  Diliong,  fi)r  wLiot 
we  have  the  posilivo  evidence  of  the  Miahmi  report  which  has  been 
quoted  above.  Mr.  Nuedham  has  been  asked  to  make  further  enquiries 
into  Abor  and  Mishmi  traditions  upon  this  subject. 

Another  importtint  result  of  Mr.  Needham's  expedition  is  the  assurance' 
which  it  has  given  us  of  tho  friendly  disposition  of  the  Hishmi  tribes 
which  separate  Assam  from  the  Zayul  ralley.  Some  of  the  chiefs 
mentioned  by  him  are  the  descendants  of  chieftt  who  aided  or  opposed 
Wilcos  and  Griffith  in  their  attempts  to  penetrate  eastwards,  or  who 
assisted  Lieutenant  Eden  to  capture  Kaisha.  The  whole  country  be- 
tween Sonpura  and  the  Zayul  border  is  divided  between  two  tribes  of 
Misbmis  speaking  different  dialects,  viz.  the  Dig^rus  *  and  the  Mijus. 
On  the  northern  bank  of  the  river  the  DigArus  occupy  as  far  eastward 
as  the  Mdaun  or  Du,  and  the  Mijus  inhabit  from  that  river  eastwards  to 
Zi>niil.  A  similar  line  of  division  is  drawn  on  the  soiith  bank  alao.t 
The  Digurus  again  are  divided  into  two  principal  clans,  the  Tiin  or 
Taieng  from  Sonpura  to  the  Dalei,  and  the  Mdnvo  between  the  Dalei 
and  the  Mdaun.  Each  of  these  clans  is  subdivided  into  a  number  of 
Bcctiima  or  houses,  after  the  manner  common  to  moat  of  the  hill  tribes 
in  the  sub-Himalayan  region  of  Assam.  The  Taieng  clan  have  always 
been  well  disposed  towards  us.  In  Captain  Wilcox's  time  their  principal 
chiefs  were  three  brothers,  Krisong,  Ghalum,  and  Krosa.  These  chiefs 
showed  the  utmost  fiit-ndlinesB  in  welcoming  Wilcox  in  1826  uid 
Griilith  ten  years  later,  and  if  these  officers  failed  to  get  farther,  it  was 
only  because  the  brothers  were  unable  to  arrange  for  their  safe  phssage 
through  the  Mijii  country.  Krosa  was  tho  sole  Bur\-ivor  of  the  three 
brothers  in  18J3o,  but  Erisong  left  a  son  Lumling,  and  it  was  entirely 

*  Sn  called  bj  tlio  AsBimcse  bccDOsc  tbcir  tmile  with  the  plaius  oT  A«nn  bf  Uie 
vrny  of  the  Di^ru  riTer.    Tliey  call  IhemsalvM  Turonn. 

t  111  fonact  times  the  Digurna  were  settled  on  Ibe  UDilh  and  the  Hijus  in  the  »Dtb 
b«nk  cxclusiTelj-,  but  iliia  distiiiotion,  which  i»  now  no  longer  obsened,  can  haw  li«M 
good  nnl;  in  the  country  from  tlie  QhHlam  Ti  weBttranla  leiranU  Assam. 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.       '  601 

owing  to  the  hearty  oo-operation  of  Krosa  and  Lumling  (who  placed 
their  families  in  Sadiya  as  hostages)  that  Lieutenant  Eden  was  able  to 
surprise  and  apprehend  Eaisha,  after  killing  three  of  his  sons.  The 
misfortunes  which  overtook  Lumling  in  consequence  of  this  action  will 
he  noticed  subsequently.  Lumling  had  a  younger  brother,  Ednosa, 
whose  son  Busong  or  Poso  (deceased)  seems  to  have  been  the  man  who 
entertained  Cooper  in  December  1869,  and  is  descnbed  by  him  as  the 
head  of  the  T4in  clan. 

Coming  down  to  the  date  of  the  present  expedition,  we  find  that 
Krosa  also  has  disappeared,  leaving  a  son  Chuno,  who  accompanied 
Mr.  Needham.*  Krosa's  brother  Hai-imsong  accorded  a  friendly  welcome 
to  the  party,  and  supplied  them  with  coolies.  Similar  treatment  was  met 
with  from  all  the  Tain  ohie&  living  between  the  Tedeng  and  the  Dalei. 
The  Dalei,  however,  was  a  critical  point,  for  here  live  Takulong  ^nd 
BrumsoDg,  the  son  and  the  nephew  of  Lumling,  who  lost  his  life  in  con- 
sequence of  espousing  our  cause  against  Kaisha;  and  it  was  doubtful 
how  these  chiefs  would  receive  the  expedition.  In  the  end  they  also 
proved  friendly,  and  Brumsong's  son  joined  Mr.  Keedham's  party.  On 
crossing  the  river,  Mr.  Needham  was  waited  upon  not  only  by  the  chiefs 
of  the  M4nyo  clan  (which  was  Kaisha's),  but  also  by  four  of  Ktdsha's 
sons.  A  practical  proof  of  goodwill  was  afforded  by  these  people  in 
supplying  Mishmi  porters  to  replace  Mr.  Needham's  worn-out  Dudniya 
coolies.  One  of  the  Mdnyo  chiefs  accompanied  the  party  to  Eima.  The 
same  friendly  spirit  was  shown  by  the  Mijus,  who  have  hitherto  refused 
to  let  any  English  oflOicer  enter  their  country.  One  chief  sent  his  son 
with  Mr.  Needham,  and  another  gave  him  the  present  of  a  yak  in  addition 
to  the  customary  supplies.  This  latter  was  Tongsong,  the  brother  of 
Bosong,  firom  whose  village  Cooper  had  been  turned  back  sixteen  years 
before.  Krongdong,  who  lives  next  to  the  Tibetan  border,  rendered  a 
still  more  important  service  in  stopping  the  messengers  whom  Tongsong 
had  sent  to  advise  the  Eima  Governor  of  Mr.  Needham's  approach. 
Erongdong  thus  saved  the  whole  party  from  being  stopped  on  the 
border.  The  same  chief  took  charge  of  Mr.  Needham's  sick  servant,  and 
sent  him  safely  back  to  Sadiya  after  his  recovery. 

This  universal  spirit  of  friendliness,  if  not  of  hearty  welcome,  is 
the  more  gratifying  because  the  troubles  which  followed  the  capture  of 
Eaisha  are  still  held  in  lively  remembrance.  The  account  given  to 
Mr.  Needham  of  Eaisha's  real  and  imaginary  grievances, — his  bringing 
a  Tibetan  into  Sadiya  at  Captain  Dalton's  request,  the  drowning  of  his 

♦  Gbuno  came  from  Ghoke'a  village  on  the  Dora,  a  long  way  westward  of  the 
residence  of  his  father  Erosa,  whose  village  was  situated  beyond  the  Tedeng  when 
it  was  visited  by  Griffith  in  1836.  It  appears  that  Premsong,  who  was  a  neighbour  and 
perhaps  a  relative  of  Erosa,  moved  westwards  to  the  Dora  about  1842,  where  he  was 
found  by  Lieutenant  Rowlatt.  Ghokc  is  probably  one  of  his  family,  and  his  connection 
with  EjTosa's  son  Ghuno  can  thus  be  understood. 


503  Mil.  J.  F,  NEEDHAli'S  JOL'RSLY 

son  in  the  Dibni,  and  the  refusal  of  Messrs,  Krict  and  Boury  to  bribe 
him  a§  they  paBsed  through  the  hills, — tallies  exactly  with  the  iiifoniia- 
tion  recorded  by  Lieutenant  Eden  in  1855.  Krosa  and  Lumliug  had 
helped  the  misBionarieB  through  to  Tibet,  and  subsequently  assisted 
Lieutenant  Eden  in  avenging  their  murder.  Krosa  was  able  to  do  this 
with  impunity,  Vieeause  he  lived  far  westward  of  the  Uanyo  country,  in 
the  neighbourhood  of  the  Tedeng,  where  bis  village  was  visited  by 
GrifBlh  in  1836."  But  Luinling,  who  lived  on  the  Dalei,  was  attacked 
in  186-i  by  Kaiaha'a  relatiocs,  who  had  called  to  their  aid  some  of  the 
Chulikdtas  and  of  the  Dinda  clan  from  the  upper  Djlei,  and  he  and 
thirty-thrco  members  of  his  family  were  killed.  His  descendants  werp 
subsequently  compelled  to  move  westwards  from  tho  Dalei  to  the  preeeni 
site  of  Tiikuluug's  village.  Lumling  and  Krosa  had  been  rewarded  in 
1855  with  a  present  of  150  rupeaa  each,  together  with  cloths  and  orna- 
ments, but  the  subsequent  suSerings  of  the  fiimily  outweighed  these  cou- 
siderations,  and  it  was  bat  natural  that  Tdkulong  and  Brumsong  should 
profess  themselves  aggrieved.  The  feud  with  Kuisha's  people  has  since 
been  made  up  by  intermarriagLi,  but  tho  quarrel  with  the  Chulikatas 
and  the  Dinda  clan  still  continues. 

The  Chulibata  f  or  erop-haircd  Mishmis,  who  speak  a  dialect  differing 
from  those  of  the  Digiirus  and  ]ttijus,  live  in  tho  upper  basin  of 
the  Diboug,  i.  o.  in  the  mountains  to  the  north  of  the  western  part  of 
the  Digdru  country.  The  nearest  northerly  neighbours  of  the  Digarua. 
however,  appear  to  be  tho  Bobejias,}  whose  villages  Ue  two  or  three 
days'  journey  from  the  Digiini  villages  on  tho  Dora  and  Tedeng.  This 
name  is  used  by  the  Ast^amese  to  designate  tho  wild  inhabitants  of  the 
high  mountains  surrounding  tho  basin  of  the  upper  Dibong,  and 
separating  it  from  Tibet  on  one  side  and  from  tho  basin  of  the  upper 
Brahmaputra  on  tho  other.  Farther  east,  there  is  the  Gaming  country 
on  the  upper  Dalei,  which  apparently  reaches  as  far  back  as  the 
Chulikatas,  and  is  occupied  by  the  Dioda  clan,  a  branch  of  the  Munyo. 
All  these  northerly  tribes,  living  at  greater  altitudes  than  the  Digarus, 
are  fiercer  and  stronger  than  they,  and  occasionally  raid  upon  their 
southern  neighbours.  Wilcox  found  one  of  the  Tiiieng  chiefs  engageil 
in  assisting  to  lopel  an  incursion  made  against  a  Tiiieng  village  on  the 
Dalei  by  the  Mishmis  of  the  Dihong,  i.  e.  the  Chulikatas.  Tho  Chuli- 
katas  have   repeatedly  invaded  British  territory,  and  are  at  present 

*  It  wm  loRia  little  ilLtuncs  cut  o[  the  Paini',  nod  aeemt  lo  have  rotr^pandi'd 
cloBel;  witb  the  situ  of  Prongflong'a  village  montioned  bj  Mr.  Needhftm  in  Lia  diwy  of 
the  21it  December.  Tbu  trntne  at  the  liill  on  which  Eroaa's  old  vJilnge  wua  siluated  ii 
■aid  b;  Mr.  Xecdlium  tu  have  beeu  Kup-pui-hiDg,  but  no  audi  hill  is  muuUoned  by  Di. 
Griffith. 

t  Thev  cut  tbcir  front  hair  (chili)  in  a  Tiinge  across  their  forcheada.  Their  ova 
une  fur  tbemselvea  u  aild  to  be  Nedu. 

J  Tlio  Dttmo  u  an  Assamese  one,  dgnirjing  "  degentmte  "  or  "  outcast,"  and  pi 
has  rtfurcnee  to  their  savage  and  unsooial  Ghaiaatet. 


mdprobiU^^ 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  603 

excluded  from  trading  with  the  plains,  for  shooting  a  man  to  death  with 
arrows  near  the  Assamese  village  of  Dikrang  above  Sadiya  in  May  1884. 
Mr.  Needham  points  out  that  the  Chulikatas  can  still  get  salt  (which  is 
their  principal  necessity)  through  the  medium  of  the  Bebejias  trading 
with  the  Khdmti  and  Singpho  country,  and  the  Chief  Commissioner  sees 
no  way  of  preventing  this  commerce,  which  does  not  pass  within  the 
Inner  Line.  The  Bebejias  have  not  given  any  trouble  since  1878-79, 
when  they  raided  upon  some  villages  in  the  Sadiya  circle. 

Notwithstanding  their  internal  feuds,  the  Mishmis  find  time  to 
do  a  good  deal  of  trade  both  with  the  Zayul  valley  and  with  Assam. 
Wilcox  was  struck  with  the  mercantile  propensity  of  these  people. 
"  Every  man  among  them,"  he  wrote,  **  is  a  petty  merchant."  Lieutenant 
Bowlatt  describes  them  as  divided  into  two  classes,  who  trade  respec- 
tively with  Assam  and  Tibet  (i.e.  the  Digarus  and  Mijus);  the  latter 
"have  nothing  to  o£fer  in  barter  but  the  Mishmee  teeta  and  poison, 
which  is  only  to  be  found  on  the  mountains  near  the  limit  of  perpetual 
snow;*    being  in  great  request  with  the   people  of  Tibet,  they  are 
enabled  to  exchange  it  for  cattle,  gongs,  swords,  and  copper  vessels." 
He  adds  that  they  also  do  a  great  deal  of  barter  among  themselves. 
The  Pandit  A — ^k  tells  us  that  the  Zayul  valley  "  is  much  frequented  by 
traders  from  the  Mishmi  or  Nahong  f  tribe,"  who  bring  jungle  products 
(grass,  bark  and   dye-6tu£fs),  deerskins,  and   cloth   and   money   from 
Assam,  and  exchange  them  for  salt  and  homed  cattle.     Mr.  Needham 
met  several  parties  of  Mijus  returning  from  Zayul  with  the  cattle  which 
they  had  brought,  and  he  noticed  that  one  of  the  Tibetans  in  the  party 
which  blocked  his  way  to  Eima  had  on  a  dress  of  Assamese  mitga  silk. 
To  the  articles  enumerated  by  the  Pandit,  he  adds  musk-pods  on  the 
part  of  the  Mishmis,  and  woollen  coats,  brass  and  iron  vessels,  swords, 
beads,   silver  amulets,   and   ammunition,    supplied   by  the   Tibetans. 
Similarly  Wilcox  says  that  the  Taieng  chiefs^"  are  seen  wrapped  in  long 
cloaks  of  Tibetan  woollens,  or  in  handsome  jackets  of  the  same,"  and 
that  their  wives  wear  a  profusion  of  beads  of  white  porcelain,  or  of 
colourless  glass  mixed  with  oblong  pieces  of  coarse  cornelian,  and  all  of 
Tibetan  or  Chinese  manufacture.     Besides  the  Zayul  valley,  another 
rendezvous  for  trade  is  the  Mdaun  river,  to*  which  the  Tibetans  can 
resort  either  by  way  of  the  Brahmaputra,  or  by  the  Mdaun  valley  route 

*  The  teeta  is  valued  as  a  febrifuge.  Dr.  Griffith,  who  was  shown  specimens  of  it, 
calls  it  coptis  teeta,  and  describes  it  as. yielding,  when  chewed,  a  yellow  sap  of  a  pure 
intense  bitter  of  some  permanence,  but  without  aioma.  The  Mishmi  poison  is  said  to 
be  a  plant  with  a  small  white  flower,  causing  irritation  when  touched.  Both  plants  are 
found  on  high  hills,  which  are  covered  witli  snow  in  winter.  It  is  utrange  that  teeta 
does  not  occupy  a  prominent  place  in  our  latest  reports  of  Mishmi  trade  with  Tibet.  It 
is  still  imported  into  Sadiya. 

t  This  word  is  not  the  name  of  any  Miju  clan  as  given  to  Mr.  Needham,  nor  does  it 
seem  to  be  a  recognised  Tibetan  word.  The  Pandit's  Lhobas,  who  bring  the  ordinary 
Mishmi  staples  to  Sonling,  37  miles  up  the  Bong  Thod  Chu,  and  get  salt  in  exchange, 
are  probably  one  of  the  tribes  whom  the  Assamese  call  Bebejia 


k 


GOl  Mil.  J.  F.  NtEDnASrs  JOUKNEr 

tvliich  has  been  montioiied  above.  The  Mfjus  and  tho  Dlgarn  Hinyo 
clan  keep  tho  Tibetan  Irade  in  their  own  hands,  while  the  Digarn 
Tiiengs  similarly  engross  the  trade  with  Assam.  This  monopoly  on  tho 
part  of  tho  Taicngs  is  felt  as  a  grievance  by  the  eastern  section  of  the 
Digiirus,  and  the  Manyo  olan  hegged  Mr.  Needham  to  persuade  tlielr 
westerly  kinsmen  to  adroit  them  also  to  a  share  of  it. 

Tho  Mijus  trade  likowise  with  the  Khiimtis  of  the  Bor  KhSmti 
country,  beyond  the  sources  of  the  DiLing.  Wiloox  heard  of  this  com- 
merce while  he  was  at  the  Miju  chief  Jingaha's  village,  on  the  south 
side  of  the  Brahmaputra,  not  far  from  Ghalum  Ti.  Ho  calls  the  chief 
trader  Lamat  Thao,  and  places  his  village  two  days  to  tho  BOtith-ea«t 
of  Jingshti's,  "  This  chief,"  he  writes,  "  is  in  the  habit  of  trading  with 
tho  Khamti  conotry  on  the  Irawadi."  Tho  route  which  this  commerce 
follows  was  ascertained  by  Wilcos  on  his  visit  to  Bor  Khamti  in  the 
following  year,  when  ho  was  shown  a  bridge  over  tho  N&mlang  by 
which  the  Misbmis  descend  into  the  Khiimti  country,  tho  Nimlang  beint- 
an  affluent  of  the  western  Irawadi,  which  is  the  river  Bor  Kb&mti. 
Colonel  Woodthorpe,  again,  while  following  Wilcox's  ronto  towards  Bor 
Khdmti  in  March  1885,  mot  with  some  Mijti  settlemenls  near  the  upper 
Dihing,  and  verified  the  fact  of  commercial  intercourse  between  tlir 
valley  of  the  upper  Brahmaputra  and  that  of  the  western  branch  of  tho 
upper  Irawadi.  While  Cooper  was  at  Bosong's  village  near  the  Lu  Ti, 
he  saw  two  Khiimtis  who  had  been  plundered  by  the  Lamat  olan  in 
coming  across  the  mountains.  Tho  length  of  the  jonmoy  was  said  to 
bo  fifteen  days.  Thoir  stock-in- trade  conaisfod  of  knives  *  (duos),  which 
the  Mishmis  bought  in  oxchango  for  slaves.  Tho  Lamat  clan  of  Mijus 
are  said  by  Mi',  Needham  to  live  in  tho  upper  part  of  the  valley  of  the 
Gholum  Ti  (i.e.  in  the  direction  indicated  by  Wilcox),  and  to  purchase 
ihot  and  slaves  from  the  Khiimtis,  in  exchange  for  clotb,  musk-pods,  uid 
opium.  The  cloth  is  brought  hy  the  Mfjus  from  Sadiya,  and  the  mnflk 
from  Tibet,  but  they  grow  the  opium  in  their  own  country,  as  well  as 
large  quantities  of  cotton  for  home  consumption.  The  Mfjiui  get  to  Bor 
Khamti  by  ascending  the  valley  of  the  Ghalum  T(,  and  crossing  the 
snow-covered  mountains  of  the  watershed  into  the  basin  of  the  western 
Irawadi. 

ThesQ  Bxtonsivo  trading  enterprises  suggest  the  possibility  of  en- 
conraging  tho  commercial  intercourse  of  the  Mishmis  of  the  Brahma- 
putra with  Assam.  Mr.  Needham  is  of  opinion  that  if  the  Digarus  were 
not  so  jealous  in  guarding  their  monopoly,  large  numbei's  of  Mijus,  and 
likewise  Tibetans,  would  coino  into  Sodiya  yearly  to  tr.kde.  The 
Tibetans,  however  (or  tho  inhabitants  of  Zayul),  aro  hindered  also  hy 

•  Tlifse  kiiivufl  or  bilt-liooka  rits  made  bj  tlio  Koiiausi.  wlio  nro  depeH'leoC  upon  iLc 
Rli&mtLi,  and  iobnbit  atcountAiii  Imct  to  tLi'  north  oFBor  KMmll,  where  inniBadulTci 
aro  foand.  The  bill-booka  aro  brtjught  down  in  Ihe  rough,  sod  sold  flrat  to  the  Siag- 
ph<M,  who  fit  them  nilb  bandies  and  Bheatha,  and  puaa  Uieu  on. 


M 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA. 


505 


the  cxclusiveness  of  their  own  Government,  which  has  hitherto  pre- 
vented them  from  entering  British  territory.  The  two  Tibetans  whom 
Lieutenant  Rowlatt  met  at  Tuppang  on  the  Mdaua  told  him  that  they 
were  not  allowed  to  visit  the  plains  of  Assam.  Cooper  was  assured  by 
the  Mfju  chiefs  that  all  intercourse  with  Assam  was  forbidden  by  the 
Lamas  on  pain  of  death.  The  only  native  of  the  Zayul  valley  whom 
we  know  to  have  entered  Sadiya  seems  to  have  been  the  man  whom 
Kaisha  brought  to  Captain  Dalton  in  1852,  on  the  ill-omened  expedition 
out  of  which  his  quarrel  with  the  white  men  arose. 

Abstbact  Statement  of  the  Route  fbom  Sadiya  to  Eima. 


l)Ae. 


?» 

»• 

»» 
>« 


»5 


»? 


99 


»♦ 


13 
14 

15 
IG 


..   17 

„  IS 

,.   10 


21 

22 
23 
24 


••   25 


From 


OuTWABD  Journey. 

1»35.      I 

Dec.  12  ;  Sadiya      . .     . . 


Sonpura    . .     . . 
Spot  on  Brahma- 
putra. 
Bam  Kam  . .     .  • 
Spot  on  Dor&    . . 


Tam^mnkh 
Hftrcling  .. 


Hai-imsong's  vil- 
lage. 


Sonpura 


Spot  on  Brahmaputra 
Sum  Kam  on  Brah- 
maputra. 
Spot  on  Dora  river. 
Tilmcmukh     . .     . . 


HarCling 


Ilai-imsong  (Diguru) 
Mishmi  village. 

Ch6868       (Digaru) 
villasre. 


Halted  at  Gh6so*8  village. 


Ghosd's  village. . 


Kara 


Nara  (a  beautiful 
miniature  bay 
alongside  of  Brah- 
maputra). 

Takaiong*a  (Diguru) 


Hailed  at  TakCilong^s  village. 


Taki^loDg's     vil- 
lage. 


Spot  on  left  bank 
of  l^alei. 


Six)t  in  jungle  closo 
to  left  bank  of 
Dalei  river,  a  short 
distance  above 
l^rahmnputra. 

Spot  close  alongside 
of  Brahmaputra, 
called  Hiirangi  (a 
nice  sandy  bay 
similnr  to  where 
we  camped  on 
December  21.) 


Elevation      Dis- 
iu  Feot.  I   tance. 


450 

3,200 
1,800 

1,600 


1,600 


1,100 


1,250 


Miles. 
18 


9 

7 


7 
5 


5 
10 


8 


12 


Remarks. 


>^  The  going  was  very  diflScult 
(for  elephants  especially), 
owinp:  to  the  numerous 
boulders,  and  on  account 
i  of  01.0*3  having  to  push 
one's  way  through  dense 
jungle  on  tlio  banks  of 
Brahmaputra,    and    cross 

/    and  recross  rapids. 

Steep  climb,  but  path  on  the 

whole  good. 
Anotlier    steep    climb,  and 

then  a  &teep  descent ;  puth 

good. 
Crossed  Tedeng,  fairly  largo 

river  coming   down  from 

north-east ;     path    rough 

and  stony,  and  in  places 

difficult. 
Very  difficult  march. 


Last  part  of  march  difficult, 
and  climb  up  to  village 
from  Um  very  steep. 

Path  very  bad  at  first,  de- 
scent to  Dalei  steep.  This 
river  forms  boundary  be- 
tween Taieug  and  Manyo 
clan  of  Digarus. 

Path  on  wliole  good,  but 
difficult  in  places,  and 
likewise  very  jungly  over- 
liead,  often  necessitating 
one's  going  in  a  stooping 
position.  Crossed  M^dauUy 
large  river  forming  bound- 
ary between  Manyo  clan 
of  Digarus  and  Mijfta. 


506 


MR.  J.  F.  NEEDHAM'S  JOURNEY 


Abstraot  Statembnt  of  the  Boute  fbom  Sadiya  to  Bima — (continued). 


Date. 


1885. 

Dec.  26 
«    27 


M 


28 


„     29 


80 


99 


31 


1886. 

Jan.    1 


9> 


■99 


Horangi    . .     . . 

Spot  below  Sem- 
bOp  HUl. 


Spot  below  Gong- 
sha's  village. 


Phing       . .     . . 


Old  field  to  east- 
ward of  Piling. 


Liis^'s  village  . . 


Krondong's    vil- 
lage. 


Spot     close     to 
Tibetan  border. 
Spot  in  jungle  . . 


Ditto 


To 


Spot  in  jungle  below 
Sambup  Hill. 

Spot  below  Gong- 
sha's  village. 


Phing,  close  to  Brah- 
maputra    and    a 
little  to  eabtward 
of   Tdnsdng'e 
(^Mijfi)  village. 

A  recently  culti- 
vated field,  some 
2  miles  ea&t  of 
Phing. 

Liisfe's  (Mljft)  vil- 
lage. 


Krondong*s    (MtjO) 
village. 


Spot  alongside  Brah- 
maputra close  to 
Tibetan  border. 


Spot  in  jungle 
Spot  in  jungle 


Spot  in  sight  of,  but 
one  mile  south  of, 
Rima. 


Elevation 
in  Feet. 

Dia- 
tance. 

1,900 

Miles. 
8 

1,800 

10 

1,850 

12 

1,850 

2 

2,200 

10 

2,600 

12 

2,600 

• 

8 

2,900 

11 

3,100 

9 

3,600 

6 

Bemarka. 


Path  bad,  and  very  jnn^ly 
in  places. 

Path  very  bad  in  places; 
very  stony  and  jungly; 
crossed  large  hill-atTeam 
called  Hiuai,  running 
down  fh>m  north-east. 

Path  very  bad  in  places, 
crossed  two  large  hill- 
streams  called  Sa  and 
Ghua,  both  nmning  down 
from  north-ea6t.  This  is 
Cooper's  farthesft. 


Crossed  a  fairly  large  hill- 
stream,  called  the  Mati, 
coming  down  from  north- 
north-east;  path  often  very 
rough,  uneven  and  jungly. 
Passed  the  embouchure  of 
the  Lu  Ti  and  Kalang  Ti 
on  the  left  bank. 

Path  often  very  stony,  up 
and  down,  and  jungly; 
crossed  large  hill-stnam 
called  Kamti,  coming 
down  from  west-north- 
west, and  another  called 
the  Chungti,  coming  down 
from  westward. 

Cros^^ed  a  large  hill-stream, 
called  the  Sati,  coming 
down  from  westward. 
Path  rough  and  jungly  in 
places,  also  very  slippery 
on  accouut  of  pine  needles 
lyiug  about.  Crossed  two 
other  hill-streams,  called 
Sikki  and  Monggld!,0(aDine 
down  from  north  and 
north-north-west. 

Path  very  good  dniing 
greater  portion  of  distance. 

Crossed  two  large  hill- 
streams,  one  c^led  ttie 
Krupti,  coming  down  from 
the  westward,  and  the 
other  the  Kochu,  coming 
down  from  the  north-west 
Path  on  whole  very  good. 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA. 


607 


Abstbaot  Statkment  of  thb  Boutb  rBOH  Sadita 

TO  EiMA — caniinued. 

Date. 

From 

To 

Elevation 
In  Feet. 

Dis- 
tance. 

Remarks. 

1 

Betubn  Journey. 

1S86. 

Miles. 

Jan.  5 

Spot  in  dght  of 
Bima. 

Spot  on  right  bank 
of  Kochu. 

3,000 

7 

^ 

«       6 

Spot  close  to  right 
bankofKoohu. 

Tibetan    hamlet  of 

3,200 

16 

Walong.     • 

„       7 

Tibetan    hamlet 
of  Walong. 

Erondong's  Tillage  . 

2,600 

11 

„       8 

Krondong'd    vil- 
lage. 

Spot  in  jungle  close 
to  Lflbt  MfjCl  house. 

2,300 

11 

„       9 

Spot   in    jungle 
close  to  Liisd's 

Spot  2  miles  east  of 

1,850 

11 

Tonsong's  Tillage. 

house. 

,,     10 

Spot  2  miles  east     Phiog     

of     Tonsong's  | 

1,850 

2 

Tillage. 

„     11 

Pbing       . .     . . 

Spot    below    Gong- 
sha*s  Tillage. 

1,800 

12 

^     12 

Spot  below  Gong- 

Grassy  flat  spot  close 

sha's  Tillage. 

to  a  little  spriug 
called  D&kana. 

2,000 

12 

„     13 

Dak&na     . .     . . 

Sandy    spot    uloug- 
side  Brahmaputra, 
a  little  to  south- 
east of  where  we 
camped    on    Dec. 
24, 1885. 

1,100 

11 

„     H 

Sandy  spot  along- 
side of  Brab- 
mapntra. 

Spot    in    jungle    a 
little  east  of  Dalei 
river. 

1,300 

4 

^     15 

Spot  in  jungle  a 
little    east    of 
DaleL 

T&kftlong's  house  . . 

1,600 

6 

^     16 

T&kOlong's  bouse 

Spot  in  jungle  south- 
west   of    Cho:i6*s 
Tillajj;e. 

9C0 

11 

«     17 

Spot    in    jungle 
south-west     of 
Chose's  Tilla^. 

Hai-imsong's  Tilluge 

1,800 

10 

„     IS 

Hai-imflong*s  Til- 
lage. 
T&memukh       . . 

Tdmemukh    . .     . . 

450 

15 

„     19 

Sandy  spot  alongside 

Not 

5 

Dora  riTer. 

taken. 

«     20 

Sandy  spot  along- 
side Dora  riTer. 

Sadiya 

• . 

41 

Extracts  from  Mr.  Needham's  Diart. 

Saturday,  December  12th,  1885. — ^My  party  is  composed  as  follows: — Sixteen 
Dowanyas,  under  charge  of  a  chowkidar,  as  porters ;  three  frontier  police  Sepoys  as 
orderlies ;  two  serrants ;  Chows&  Ehamti  Gohain  (who  accompanies  me  as'  in- 
terpreter), with  elcTen  men  from  his  Tillage. 

I  reached  Sonpura  in  the  afternoon  with  Captain  Molesworth,  and  pitched  camp 
close  to  the  stockade.  I  T^as  met  there  by  Sonirang  Khamti  Gohain,  whose^village 
is  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  to  the  east  of  the  stockade. 

Sunday,  December  IZth, — ^Had  everything  packed  by  7.30  and  left  Sonpura  a 
few  minutes  afterwards.    Our  path  led  us  constantly  over  boulders,  which  made  the 


508  Slli.  J.  F.  SEEDOASrS  JOURNEr 

going  very  difficult  for  elepliants.  Sometimes  we  were  travelling  close  to  the  tiring 
of  the  main  stream  of  thu  Qrabmaputra,  at  others  up  "  Butis  "  of  it.  Bod  when  not  to 
going  W8  had  to  force  our  wnj'  through  the  dense  jungle  growing  along  iW  haul:  or 
wore  crossing  rapids,  Gome  deep,  others  eh&llow,  but  one  and  all  fall  of  elippeiy 
boulders,  in  order  lo  nvoid  roaliing  long  detours.  It  came  on  to  rain  too  at  11  ii.mq 
and  continued  so  all  the  remainder  of  the  day,  which  mode  the  going  for  eleplianb 
even  worse  than  it  would  otherwise  have  been,  hesides  wetting  us  all  thiongb  sod 

I  pitched  camp  at  4  p.m.,  close  alongaide  Uie  Brahmaputra.  Although  we  vvn 
marching  for  dome  seven  hours,  eichisivc  of  halts,  I  do  not  think  we  did  more  than 
uine  miles.    The  rain  ceased  about  6  p.io.,  and  the  night  was  a  fiao  one. 

Moitdny,  Dtfember  lilh. — Lovely  morning.  Left  ciunp  at  8  a-m.  and  proceeded 
over  country  similar  to  yesterday,  eatcept  that  we  had  more  jungle  lo  push  throiigL 
This  delayed  the  elephanU  terribly,  for  the  mahouts  (aided  by  Ibe  Dowsnyas)  had 
to  hiick  their  wny  through  the  greater  portion  of  it.  I  pitched  camp  at  4  p.m.,  at  a 
spot  (called  B&mkam)  on  the  Cr^limaputra,  and  calculate  the  distance  marched  to- 
day 7  miles  only. 

MoUaworth  arrived  in  camp  aboat  8.30  p.m.  Ho  (as  I  had  done  also)  missed 
the  patii  somewhere  in  the  vicinity  of  the  DigSro  river,  and  had  marched  several 
miles  up  a  wrong  one  ere  he  fuuud  the  right  one  agaio.  He  has  lirou^t  a  Fakir 
with  him  wlio  wishes  tu  visit  the  Dmbmaknud,  and  who  even  asks  to  be  pormittoi 
to  accompany  me  (o  Rim&  I 

Tuetday,  December  15(A, — Up  early  and  left  cnmpalittlo  before 8  a.m.  Foilowcl 
path  usually  used  by  Jlishmis,  a  very  bad  one,  and  in  places  scarcely  disceroJUe, 
Going  over  boulders,  lying  in  the  i^artially  dried  up  "sutia"  of  the  Brahmaputra, 
nearly  three  parts  of  the  lime  we  were  marching.  When  not  so  going,  wo  were 
wading  across  rapids  or  pushing  our  way,  as  yesterday,  and  the  day  provioui, 
through  dense  jutigle,  growing  on  the  biink  of  the  river,  and  i;o  were  constantly 
getting  wet  through  and  then  dry  agtun;  very  unpleasant  work.  At  11  ajti.,  met  a 
party  of  Digllros  of  the  Taicug  clan  trapping  fish.  CtiUtiu  (KrQaii's  (deceased)  wd) 
was'with  them.  I  sent  him  off  to  CliCkS  village,  which  lies  olwut  a  day's  joumm 
from  this,  high  up  the  D6rftpaoi,  to  inform  him  that  I  shall  be  at  TftmbnQkh  to- 
morrow and  shall  require  a  few  porters. 

1  had  lo  pitch  camp  at  2  p.m.  to-day  on  a  spot  on  the  DOrH  river,  as  the  Misluni* 
declared  that  it  was  too  far  on  lo  the  next  camping  ground.  I  reckon  we  only  did 
about  seven  miles  again  lo-day,  as  the  going  was  very  difficult,  and  ooDBeqiiently 
the  elephants  went  very  slowly. 

Wcdnetday,  Decenihr  16(/i, — Commenced  marching  at  7.80  a.m.,  aud  after 
loitering  about  en  touU,  looking  for  deer,  reached  TlloiEmflkb,  ot  11.30  a.m., 
disiance  from  last  night's  camp  about  4}  miles.  The  elephants  aiul  Dowaoya 
porters  didn't  come  in  till  1  ii,m.  The  wliolo  distance  lay  over  large  bouUtn,  oc 
through  dense  jungle :  hence  the  slowness  of  the  marching.  Our  plains  joamey  etids 
bore.  I  was  busy  all  the  afternoon  rearranging  my  load^  as  the  elephants  wUI 
retum^to  Sadiya  from  this. 

The  Brahroakund  hill  can  bo  seen  from  our  camp,  and  bears  about  oorth-Mst, 
and  kjust  above  it  lie  the  recently  cultivated  kbeis  belonging  to  the  Di^&ro  Hiahmi 
villages  called  Drllhm6  and  Teton.  The  former  is  said  lo  have  sis,  and  the  Utter 
thirteen  honses.  nrihrnO,  by-lhe-bye,  la  not  the  name  of  a  clan,  as  ataie<l  by 
Ckioper  (uirfc  Appendix  to  his  book),  but  the  name  of  the  site  on  which  the  Tillage 

There  is  a  raft  made  of  bamboo  at  TAmSmflkh  by  means  of  which  Digiros  crosi 
from  one  side  of  the  river  to  the  other,  and  1  am  (old  that  the  ChuUkattai  occasion- 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  509 

ally  come  down  here,  and,  crossing  the  river,  go  to  the  Rhamtl  and  Singpho  villages 
on  the  T§ng&p&ni  in  quest  of  salt.  There  are  a  few  Bebeji&  villages  within  an  easy 
two  days'  march  of  Ch6kS  (Dig&ro)  village  (which,  as  I  have  already  said,  is  situated 
on  the  Ddr&p&ni  about  half  a  day's  journey  from  this  place).  It  is  one  of  the  most 
westerly  Dig&ro  villages  in  the  hills,  and  ChdkS  and  his  people  (as  also  those  belong- 
ing to  two  other  Dig&ro  villages  in  close  proximity  to  it)  live  on  friendly  terms  with 
the  B^b^ji&s.  Ch6kS  used  to  reside  many  miles  farther  to  the  eastward,  but  removed 
to  his  present  site  a  few  years  ago  because  he  was  pressed  for  cultivable  land. 

Thursday,  December  17th. — CJh6kS  came  into  camp  about  9  a.m.  and  informed 
me  that  a  rumour  had  come  from  L&md,  to  the  effect  that  the  Rimd  officials,  having 
heard  that  a  party  from  Bengal  (?)  was  about  to  proceed  to  Rimil  in  order  to  attack 
the  place,  had  sent  to  Lhass^  for  reinforcements ;  that  the  same  had  been  supplied 
to  them,  and  that  they  had  remained  at  Rim&  for  about  a  month,  during  which  time 
they  had  devoured  all  the  procurable  grain  and  cattle,  and  then,  finding  that  no  one 
from  Bengal  was  coming,  they  had  departed  again  for  Lhassd,  greatly  incensed  at 
having  been  sent  for  when  there  was  no  real  occasion  to  do  so.  By  10  a.m.  I  had 
arranged  with  Ch6k§  for  one  man,  ten  women,  and  two  boys,  as  porters,  and  as  this 
was  all  he  could  possibly  give  me,  I  had  to  weed  out  five  of  my  Dowanya  coolies, 
who  had  sore  feet  and  were  otherwise  unfit  for  hill  work. 

By  10.30  a.m.  I  commenced  to  march.     Our  path  lay  up  the  TamS  (which  is  a 
fairly  large  hill  stream,  full  of  huge  boulders  and  with  a  fair  amount  of  water  in  if, 
even  at  this  time  of  the  year)  for  about  a  mile  or  so  in  a  north-westerly  direction, 
after  which  we  struck  a  damp  and  jungly  path,  full  of  leeches,  on  its  left  bank,  and 
proceeded  in  a  more  northerly  direction  for  an  hour,  and  then  got  out  into  the  dry 
bed  of  another  hill-stream,  and,  proceeding  up  it  for  a  short  distance,  we  commenced 
to  ascend  a  spur  containing  numerous  ridges,  so  that  we  were  sometimes  on  one  side 
of  it  and  sometimes  on  the  other,  until  at  3  p.m.  my  aneroid  registered  2900  feet. 
After  this  we  ascended  another  500  feet  up  a  steep  hill  and  at  4  p.m.  reached  a 
tolerably  level  spot  called  HdrSling  by  the  Dig&ros  (elevation  3200  feet),  and  I  pitched 
camp  there  for  the  night.    There  is  a  small  spring  not  far  off,  and  the  spot  is 
regularly  used  as  a  camping-ground  by  Mishmis  when  taking  up  cattle  to  their 
villages  from  T&mSmiikh.     We  were  marching  from  10.30  a.m.  till  4  p.m.  with  the 
exception  of  half  an  hour's  halt  for  lunch,  but  the  Dowanyas  crawled  along  so  slowly 
up-hill  that  I  do  not  think  we  did  more  than  one  mile  per  hour  all  through,  so  that 
the  distance  travelled  from  TftmSmdkh  would  be  about  five  miles  only.    To-day *s 
march,  in  fact,  convinces  me  that  Dowanyas  will  be  useless  to  me  in  the  hills,  and 
that  therefore  if  I  am  ever  to  get  to  Him&  and  back  I  must  change  them  for  Mishmis. 
Our  general  direction  to-day  was  north.    I  did  not  get  even  a  glimpse  of  the  sur- 
rounding country  on  my  way  up  to  this  spot,  owing  to  the  dense  tree  jungle  through 
which  the  path  lay.    I  noticed  some  very  fine  tree  ferns,  as  also  some  very  fine  tree 
cactnses. 

Friday,  December  ISth. — Commenced  at  a  quarter  to  8  a.m.,  and  after  proceeding 
np-hiU  in  an  E.8.E.  direction  (varying  occasionally  a  point  or  so  more  or  less  easterly) 
for  about  40  minutes,  we  reached  the  top  of  a  ridge,  which  my  aneroid  showed  to  be 
3600  feet  high,  and  after  crossing  it  we  ascended  another  100  feet  or  so  in  a  north- 
easterly direction  and  came  upon  a  second  ridge,  or  saddle-back,  from  which  we  got 
a  glimpse  of  the  hills  to  the  north  and  north-west  and  also  those  to  the  south-east, 
as  also  a  portion  of  the  Brahmaputra  valley  to  the  southward.  This  was  the  first 
glimpse  I  had  had  of  the  surrounding  country  since  leaving  T&mSm{lkh.  After  this, 
continuing  to  ascend  in  a  north-easterly  direction  another  500  feet,  we  reached  a 
rocky  ridge  called  PClpiar  (elevation  4200  feet)  and  got  a  glorious  view  of  the  country 
from  the  southward  right  round  to  the  north-west.    We  could  see  the  Dihong,  and 


SIO 


SIK.  J.  F.  NEEOHAM'3  JOURNEr 


Bibiing,  Brahmaputra  Dig&m,  nnd  Knmlfing  rircre;  the  low  range  of  hills  called 
BJllla  porhflt  by  the  Assamese  and  Monabilm  by  the  Singplios ;  the  BrihtrjO  and  TJton 
Miiihnii  village  cultivation  to  the  south-emt  across  ibe  Brahmaputra ;  CbAkS  village 
cukivatioa  to  the  westward,  and  a  short  bend  of  the  Brahmaputra  just  above  the 
sacred  Kaod.    It  was  altogether  a  beautiful  Tiew,  undisturbed  by  fi^  or  low  cloads. 

ATtcr  balling  here  for  a  quarter  of  nn  Imur  or  so,  we  again  ascended  out  path, 
Oork-Bcrewing  round  the  spur,  until  by  10.30  a.m.  we  hod  reached  an  elevation  «f 
4500  feet.  We  had  thus  ascended  about  1300  feet  in  about  four  miles,  and  the  last 
200  or  300  were  very  steep,  though  the  path  was  on  the  whole  a  very  good  one  up 
to  this  point. 

After  tliia  we  descended  and  again  ascended  »otne  200feetorso,  but  by  11.10  a.m. 
we  commenced  descending  for  good.  At  12.10  we  arrived  at  a  mountain  alreaa 
called  Ahltr6kil,  and  I  halted  for  40roiDntes  to  lunch  and  rest  the  porters.  Elevatieu 
3800  feet.  Altar  lunch  we  again  gradually  descended  aloijg  a  very  good,  though 
occasionally  broken,  path,  and  at  4  p.m.  reached  tlai-imaong  Di^lro  Uisbmi's  house. 
Elevation  1800  feet.  Our  path  from  U&rSIaog  was  on  the  whole  a  good  one,  though 
here  and  there  very  broken  and  stony,  acd  with  many  large  fallen  trees  across  it. 
It  was  also  very  jungly  in  places  and  so  tangled  uverheail  as  to  necessitate  one  pro- 
ceeding in  a  Htooping  position,  which  was  very  tiring,  and  it  was  likewise  sleep  and 
slippery,  owing  to  the  fallen  leaves  and  shingle  lying  about.  We  were  inarching 
fo;  seven  hours  exclusive  of  halts,  but  I  do  not  think  we  did  more  than  10  miles. 
We  passed  through  a  forest  of  bamboos  (o-day  something  between  the  Assamese 
KAkwA  and  J^tl.  The  Kliamtis,  as  also  my  Dowanya,  porters  declare  that  tlivy 
have  not  seen  any  like  them  before. 

Hai-imBong  is  a  man  of  about  45  or  46  years.  His  village  has  only  seven  houses, 
which  ore  scattered  and  miserable-looking  abodes,  compared  to  Abor  bouses  or  such 
Chullkatta  houses  as  I  have  seen.  Hai-imsong's  own  house  is  13S  by  12  feet,  and  it 
is  divided  into  nine  comiiartments,  each  of  which  lias  its  fireplace,  as  also  a  door  in 
the  side  wall  for  exit  in  case  of  fire.  The  front  comjiartroent  i»  generally  iLc  lugesl, 
dnd  is  invariably  used  as  a  guest-room.  There  is  a  passage  up  the  whole  lengUt  of 
the  house  close  (o  one  of  the  side  walls,  which  has  a  slope  outwards  at  the  top  in 
order  to  afford  apace  for  suspending  the  beads  of  al!  animals  killed  at  feasts,  4c^  by 
the  owner,  and  thus  keep  them  clear  of  people  passing  up  and  down  the  passage  to 
the  several  rooms  in  the  house.  The  bouses  are  all  on  "changs,"  and  are  bnllt 
entirely  of  bamboo,  so  that  there  is  nothing  massive  or  substantial' looking  about 
them.  The  bamboo  mat  floor  is  made  wide  enough  to  project  a  couple  of  feet  or  so 
outside  the  main  walls,  and  this  outside  ^pacc  is  used  as  a  receptacle  for  booiehold 
goods.  Some  are  ihatched  will)  gnus,  others  with  the  stuff  which  the  Aasamew  call 
jenyuput  (Digllro  name  is  hihi),  and  as  all  the  houses  are  protected  from  the  force  of 
the  high  winds  by  the  surrounding  hills  the  eaves  do  not  come  down  low.  They 
have  a  small  verandah  in  front,  which  is  likewise  covered  in  overhead,  the  roofing  of 
the  main  building  being  brought  aiifiicienlly  forward  for  this  purpose,  and  as  the 
front  portion  is  rounded  off,  the  rooSng  over  the  verandah  is  shaped  like  the  (roaX 
of  a  Swiss  cottage  tent.  The  houses  are  not  uncumforiable  places  inside,  and  they 
are  lofty  enough  to  admit  of  one's  standing  uprigbl,  at  any  rate  near  the  side  mlla, 
where  there  are  no  hanging  trays  or  other  receptacles  for  household  goods  to  knock 
one's  head  against.  The  pigs  are  ke£)t  underneath  the  houses,  a  wooden  fence  being 
erected  oil  round  to  keep  them  in. 

On  arriving  at  the  village,  Chowi.fi  and  his  Khamlia  occupied  the  guest-room  in 
Hai-imaong's  houses,  while  the  Doitanyas  ensconced  themselves  anderDeatb  «n 
adjoining  granary,  nnd  Molesnorth  and  niyaelf  had  our  beds  spread  inside  k 


inside  k  ooitd^^^l 


ALONG  THE  LOHTT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  611 

of  similar  places,  partially  filled  with  grain,  and  we  had  tea  and  dinner  underneath 
one  of  them,  as  the  ground  was  very  wet  and  uneven  for  pitching  a  tent  on.  Hai- 
imsong  killed  a  pig  in  honour  of  my  visits  and  he  gave  the  Khamtis  and  Dowanyas 
heaps  of  PoboB&  liquor  besides. 

Saturday,  December  Idth. — ^It  was  10  a.m.  before  I  was  able  to  make  a  start,  and 
the  morning  was  very  rainy-looking.  Soon  after  leaving  the  village  we  saw  the 
Brahmaputra  flowing  from  north  by  west,  some  distance  below  us,  and  we  descended 
a  steep  zigzag  path  in  a  north-westerly  direction  to  the  TedSng,  a  fairly  large  river 
running  down  into  the  Brahmaputra  from  the  north-west.  It  is  not  fordable  even  at 
this  time  of  the  year,  but  we  all  crossed  it  easily  enough  on  a  very  strongly  made 
fishing  weir.  There  are  numerous  Dig&ro  Mishmi  villages  on  both  banks  up  the 
gorge  of  this  river,  and  Chow8&  tells  me  that  a  Chulikatta  and  also  a  Digftro  Mishmi 
informed  him  that  the  mountain  from  which  it  takes  its  rise  is  covered  with  gold, 
and  that  in  the  hot  weather  when  the  sun  is  shining  the  whole  bill  appears  like  a 
red-hot  furnace.  It  is  covered  with  snow  just  now.  Chows&  tells  me  that  he 
intends  paying  it  a  visit  later  on,  in  order  to  test  the  correctness  of  his  informant's 
story,  and  he  has  promised  to  conmiunicate  the  result  of  his  journey  to  me  in  due 
course.  Such  Dig&ro  villages  as  lie  high  up  the  gorge  of  this  river  are  within  a  two 
days'  journey  of  some  of  the  Chulikatta  villages.  My  aneroid  registered  the  elevation 
at  the  weir  on  which  I  crossed  at  600  feet.  A  small  bend  of  the  Brahmaputra  can 
be  seen  a  few  yards  lower  down,  the  river  apparently  running  down  slightly  east  of 
north.  Just  before  reaching  the  TedSng  river  we  crossed  a  small  hill  stream  coming 
down  from  the  westward.  The  TedSng  has  quite  a  little  valley  of  its  own  on  its  right 
bank  close  to  where  we  crossed  it,  and  Hai-imsong's  people  appear  to  cultivate  here 
regularly.  Its  left  bank  (in  the  vicinity  of  the  weir  I  crossed  on)  is  precipitous 
and  rocky. 

I  After  leaving  the  Tedeng  we  ascended  some  200  feet,  and  crossing  the  edge  of  a 
spur  running  down  into  it  we  descended  about  the  same  distance,  and  then  continued 
in  a  northerly  (sometimes  in  a  north-westerly)  direction,  along  a  rough  stony  path, 
on  the  right  bank  of  the  Brahmaputra  (which  is  running  here  from  north-west  to 
south-east)  some  couple  of  hundred  feet,  sometimes  more,  sometimes  less  above  it, 
(of  about  1|  miles,  when  we  foimd  the  Brahmaputra  running  from  the  north-east 
and  from  nearly  due  north  a  little  further  ahead.  About  3  p.m.  it  came  on  to 
drizzle,  and  just  about  this  time  our  path  turned  to  the  north-west,  and  we  had  a 
steep  and  slippery  climb  of  1000  feet,  and  arrived  at  Chds^  s  village  about  a  quarter  to 
4  pjn.  wet  through.  We  were  marching  to-day  for  six  hours  exclusive  of  halts,  and 
I  reckon  that  we  did  about  eight  or  nine  miles.  General  direction  north.  The  path 
was  nowhere  what  could  be  called  very  bad,  though  in  places  the  going  was  difficult, 
as  also  very  stony,  and  up  and  down.  On  reaching  the  village  Chows&  and  his 
Khamtis  ensconced  themselves  in  the  guest-room  of  ChCs^'s  house,  and  my  Dowanya 
porters  found  shelter  in  that  of  another  villager  living  close  by,  while  Molesworth 
and  myself  took  up  our  quarters  (as  at  Hai-imsong's  village)  in  two  partially 
full  granaries,  and  my  servants  and  our  orderlies  found  accommodation  below  a 

third  one. 

Sunday,  December  20th, — Up  at  daylight  and  found  it  raining  slightly,  and  the 
morning  foggy  and  very  raw.  Packed  up  everything  ready  for  a  start,  but  Ch6s6 
informed  me  that  unless  it  cleared  up  he  would  be  unable  to  get  me  any  porters,  as 
no  Mishmis  could  be  got  to  travel  on  such  a  nasty  day,  especially  as  we  shall  have 
to  camp  out  in  the  jungle  for  a  night,  the  distance  to  T&kdlong,  the  next  Dig&ro 
Tillage  through  which  we  pass,  being  too  great  to  accomplish  it  in  one  day  from  this. 
The  Dig&ro  tribe  call  themselves  T&roan,  and  I  am  informed  that  in  years  gone  by 

YOU  n.  2  ii 


61fl  MR-  J.  F,  NEEDHASrs  JOURSEV 

thej  occupied  the  whole  of  the  couotry  on  the  right  hank,  and  the  UIjOs  tiMt  on  the- 
left  hank,  of  the  Brahmaputra,  Bud  lliat  holh  tribes  were  then  i»t  war  wiih  nne 
finother,  bat  that  for  some  years  past  both  tribes  having  he«D  at  pence,  villages 
belonging  to  cither  are  now  to  he  met  with  oa  either  bank  of  the  Unibma]mlra, 
though  even  now  there  are  more  MljOa  living  on  the  left  than  there  are  on  the  right 
bank. 

The  Di^os  and  MtjAs,  who  live  on  the  right  bank,  keep  ns  close  as  possible  to 
the  Brahmapntra,  so  that,  speaking  generally,  the  grcaler  portii^n  of  the  country  lo 
the  north  of  the  river  is  uninhabited,  probably  because  the  hills  in  that  direclion 
being  stepper,  it  is  more  di£Gcult  lo  cullivate  or  more  likely  because  the  pfipnlation 
is  not  yet  sufficiently  large  to  require  more  land  than  ia  to  be  found  in  the  iiumeiliate 
vicinity  of  the  Brnhmaiiutra,  where  comparatively  large  tracts  of  flat  country  are  to 
be  met  with  here  and  there.  There  are  also  numerotis  hamlets  up  the  g-irges  of  the 
chief  rivers  which  run  down  into  the  Braliraapntra,  so  that  there  also  the  country  is 
no  doubt  (latter  and  easier  to  cultivate.  All  Ibe  Dig&ro  villages  are,  I  am  informed, 
small  ones,  the  largest  scarcely  ever  having  more  than  twelve  or  foiurteen  houses- 
This  is  of  course  owing  to  the  liiUictilties  which  any  lar^e  community  would  (.•:;{icrl- 
enco  in  finding  sufficient  easily  cultivable  land  close  by.  Such  few  bouses,  too,  as 
oacli  so-called  villt^e  contains,  instead  of  being  in  a  cluster,  are  generally  scattered 
nbuut  here  and  there,  and  each  is  so  hidden  by  dense  jungle  as  not  to  be  eeen  until 
one  is  right  up  alongside  of  it. 

The  staple  food  grains  of  both  Diglros  and  Mijfls  are  PobosS  and  Indian-ccm, 
though  a  little  rice,  of  a  coarse  and  not  very  tasty  deBcriplion,  ia  likewise  grown. 
The  Digftros  declare,  and  I  believe  rightly  so,  that  there  is  much  more  eluninji  in 
Fohosft  and  ludian-com  than  in  rice,  Thuir  liquor  is  made  princi|ially  of  Pobccfl. 
Tlio  process  ftppcnrs  to  be  a  vitj  simple  one.  The  Pobosft  having  been  boiled  it  i* 
put  by  for  several  days  and  allowed  to  ferment.  When  sufficiently  fenneritcd,  it  is 
put  into  partially  warm  water,  and  well  stirred  about  over  a  fire,  after  which  it  i* 
ladlcil  out  in  its  tlien  saturated  state  into  n  sieve,  and  having  bcoo  »*ell  squcexti3 
about  by  band,  snch  liquid  (and  Pubo^a)  as  works  its  way  through  the  sieve  is  then 
ready  for  consumption.  The  stuff  ia  put  hack  from  the  sieve  into  more  waim  water, 
along  with  some  fresh  fermented  PoIk^,  and  the  process  of  partially  boiling  and 
slrnining  goes  on  time  after  tinie,  until  in  fact  every  one  who  is  drinking  has  become 
thoroughly  satistrd.  The  Digftros  have  no  cidtivating  implouienls  of  any  kind : 
hence  now  land  or  such  as  has  been  Ijing  fallow  for  sis  or  eight  years,  is  reqnired 
yearly  for  the  production  of  anything  like  a  good  crop.  Their  system  of  jhuming  is 
similar  lo  that  followed  by  all  the  other  tribes  on  this  frontier,  except  that  in  many 
lnstanct-9  thoy  do  not  take  the  trouble  to  clear  away  any  portion  of  such  trea  u  tb^ 
may  have  occasion  to  fell.  All  jungle,  Jtc.,  having  been  dried  and  set  fiiw  to,  tho 
burning  of  the  fallen  trees  is  left  lo  chance,  and  the  crops  are  then  sown  in  bft*Ma 
any  fallen  logs  or  branches  that  may  ho  left  lying  about.  Pobosft,  Indian-com,  ilhln, 
and  cotton  nro  sown  about  Phftlgoon  (March),  called  "  taji"  by  the  Digftros,  tlie  fitst 
broailcast  and  the  last  three  in  holes.  The  Indian-corn,  dhftn,  and  cotton  cn^ 
have  only  recently  been  gathered,  and  in  plioos  there  is  still  a  little  FobosA  (though 
tho  majority  has  been  gathered)  to  be  cut.  So  that  the  Digftro  harvealing  lime  is  a 
long  way  behind  that  of  the  plains  in  point  of  time.  The  DigAroe  grow  a  sufficiency 
of  ootton,  of  an  unusually  fine  description  too,  for  liorae  consumption, 

Thoy  can  make  their  own  dyes,  hut  often  get  them  frirai  LftmS.     The  wonten 

weave  all  their  clothes  and  cloths  with  hand-looms  similiir  to  those  used  by  Abois- 

■ad  Mihlc     They  makeno  warm  coverings  (such  as  PflrlB,  Sea.,  of  any  sort).     The- 

ing  clan  of  Digflros  is  numerically  the  largest  and  couseqnenlly  the  most 


t;,     1^10-  I 

J 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  613 

in  these  hills  at  present     The  principal  Dig&ro  villages,  on  the  right  bank  of  the 
Brahmaputra,  commencing  from  the  westward  and  proceeding  east,  arc — 

Name  of  Headman.  CUm.  ^"^"^  alt^^.  ^^^'^' 

Cbokd      Taieng H&-ringgom. 

Hai-imsong „  Salomgom. 

A'hnngBon      Thele       T^-jfigoro. 

Chose       Taieng Kap-puilaii<;. 

Pronsong „  S4-ldgom. 

Titon       Taieng  lu&ro Vmleng. 

T&kfllong        Taieng     Akupft. 

Hishong „  M'taleng. 

M&-kiison        1 

K&j&lQ iBIanyo      Ilai-yDgom. 

M&-br&son      ) 

S^nd        TOfihi       H&-gunglen-. 

Senda      T'sei Ka-sdieng. 

Brem       Mali „ 

T&grfison        T'sei Pftnggu. 

Semsa       HSpti       Dak&nft. 

Hai-ason T'sei        Tiia. 

Gong8h& N&li Moing. 

Takon      Many6 Chdrft. 

I  tried  to  get  the  names  of  every  Dij;&ro  village,  or  cluster  of  houses,  on  both 
banks,  but  my  informant  seemed  to  think  I  was  too  inquisitive,  for,  after  having 
pertinently  asked  me  why  I  wanted  the  names  of  all  the  hamlets  in  the  hills 
declared  that  he  could  not  (I  fancy  he  meant  "  would  not ")  give  them  to  me. 

ITie  Digdro  villages  have  no  house  set  apart  especially  for  bachelors  or  for  the  dis- 
cussion of  public  business  and  other  matters,  such  as  the  Abor  "Moshup**  for 
instance.  Here,  however,  as  elsewhere  on  this  frontier,  each  clan  has  one  or  more 
reco^ised  headmen  whose  advice  is  solicited  and  counsel  taken  on  all  momentous 
occasions,  and  when  such  have  been  "  squared  "  no  real  difficulties  need  be  appre- 
hended by  any  stranger  visiting  their  hills. 

It  would  be  impossible  for  me  to  assess  even  approximately  the  number  of  this 
tribe,  even  if  I  were  giving  the  number  of  houses  in  every  hamlet,  unless  I  actually 
visited  each  house,  for  it  is  impossible  to  assess  even  approximately  the  number  in 
each  house.  In  Chds^'s  house  I  counted  a  family  party  of  15  (adults  and  children), 
but  in  one  house  in  Hai-imson's  village  which  I  entered  I  found  a  man  with  his  wife 
and  one  child  only.  The  impression,  however,  left  in  my  mind  already  is  that  the 
Dig&ros  are  a  numerous  tribe.  One  noteworthy  point  about  them  is  that  they 
appear  to  have  no  system  of  village  defence.  The  two  villages  I  have  as  yet  seen, 
and  Chowsd  tells  me  they  are  all  the  same,  have  no  artificially  made  trenches,  or 
palisades  anywhere,  and  no  "  panjis  "  fixed  in  easily  accessible  places,  so  as  to  prevent 
their  being  rushed,  and  yet  a  sudden  attack  by  Chulikattas,  or  even  by  Tibetans, 
is  a  possible,  and  not  an  altogether  unknown  contingency  even  as  far  west  as  this. 

Chdk^,  also  Hai-irasong,  and  their  people,  arc  at  peace  with  the  BSbdjids,  but  not 
so  the  other  Dig&ros  of  the  Taieng  clan.  Chds^  informed  me  that  years  ago  a  large 
party  of  Blb^jiAs  came  across  the  hills  lying  to  the  north  and  north-west  to  attack  a 
certain  DigSro  village  close  to  this  vicinity,  but  suffered  grievously  for  their  temerity. 
The  journey,  it  appears,  is  a  very  difficult  and  arduous  one,  occupying  about  20 
days,  and  the  story  goes  that  just  as  the  B^bSji&s  had  succeeded  in  getting  close  to 
the  village  they  desired  to  attack  an  unusually  heavy  snowstorm  occurred,  which 

2  L  2 


.  614  MR.  J.  F.  KEBDHAM'S  JOUBNEV 

mode  retreat  im possible,  aud  tliat  oiviiig  to  the  excessjre  cold  thcf  were  mnUe  to 
uove,  and  so  ran  shoit  of  provisioiia  ;  sod,  as  their  presence  was  discovered  by  the 
Digirus,  the  latter  gathered  together  iu  large  numbers  and,  proccediag  to  attack 
them,  slaughtered  nearly  erery  soul. 

The  Bcheji&a  have  not  since  attempted  a  raid  bo  far  west,  though  they  have 
ftttnclieii  IJigHro  villagts  lyiug  further  east,  hut  the  DiglroB  apprar  to  fuel  that 
another  visit  from  them  is  not  an  imjKisaible  contingency.  The  whole  of  the  Taieng 
clan  is  alw  at  war  with  the  Tibetans,  and  the  origin  of  their  diBpute  was  thus  relaletl 
tome. 

Many  years  ago  an  influential  Digflco  of  the  TW-i  ckn  called  Teni  was  taken 
suddenly  very  ill  soon  aft«t  his  reLurn  home  from  a  trip  to  liimil,  and  believing  thai 
he  hitd  been  bewitched  by  some  Tibetan,  he  called  Iu>t  relntions  and  friends  arouud 
him  and  told  them  of  his  suspicions.  He  declared  also  that  he  was  about  to  die,an'l 
exhorted  them  to  aveuge  his  ileaCli  should  bis  prophecy  prove  correct,  and  Lc 
specially  esborted  some  of  the  head  cLiefs  of  the  Taieng  clan  who  were  pieaent  to 
avenge  him,  inasmuch  as  his  own  people  were,  he  said,  numerically  too  weak  to  do 
ED  Bat  is  factor!  ly.  Soon  after  tl^is  Tern  died,  and  in  due  course  a  powerful  chief  of 
the  Taieng  clan,  called  Kfi-uo'-sfi,  collected  a  party  of  followers  and  proceeded  to 
attack  a  certain  Tibetan  village  close  to  the  border  of  the  MljQ  country.  This  act 
oiercieed  the  minds  of  the  llim&.  officials  considerably,  for  they  could  not  comprehend 
why  KlnCai  had  thus  scted,  for  they  were  ignoraut  of  his  having  any  grievance 
flgaioHt  any  Tibetanr,  and  they  were  of  course  unairare  of  Tern's  djiug  eihortatiuns 
to  him,  and  so  they  sent  EAufisi  a  polite  message,  asking  him  to  go  to  Rinii  and 
discuss  any  ;;rievance  he  might  consider  he  had  with  a  view  to  its  being,  if  possible, 
amicably  settled.  On  receipt  of  this  message  EtnOsA  proceeded  to  Kimi,  accom- 
jiDnicd  by  30  followers,  aod  upon  his  explaining  why  he  had  acled  as  he  bad  done  in 
attaching  the  Tilietan  village,  the  Rim&  officials  fi^igued  to  be  grtally  distressed 
about  Tern's  death  and  dying  exhortation.  They  expressed  a  wish  to  make  Tciu*s 
relations  a  handsome  present  as  a  peace  offering,  and  they  pcrsuadird  KAnfrft  to 
loiter  about  Rima  on  the  plea  that  the  same  would  be  given  iu  a  fewdnye'timr. 
luslead  of  collecting  presents,  however,  they  were  maturing  a  plot  for  the  aimihiUtion 
of  E&uGi4  and  hia  followers,  and  as  soon  as  everything  was  ready  KAu6s&  was 
suddenly,  rudely,  and  peremptorily  ordered  to  leave  Riniil,  and  when  he  had  got 
some  distance  on  his  return  journey  he  and  his  followers  were  suddeidy  BiurouDded 
by  a  large  body  of  Tibetans,  who  were  lying  in  wait  for  him,  and  the  whole  of  ihem 
were  cruelly  slaughtered. 

After  this  BU-son,  Kfiods&'s  son,  determined  to  avenge  his  father's  death,  and  ac- 
cordingly collecting  some  70  fullowers  he  divided  them  into  two  parties,  and  suddenly 
attacking  simultaneously  two  villages  called  S&uggau  and  SommCn,  situated  in  the 
border  of  the  Wljfl  country,  he  burnt  them  to  the  ground,  and  succeeded  in  killing 
TO  men,  women,  and  children.  BUson  died  (a  natural  death]  some  two  yean  later, 
and  since  that  time  no  overt  net  of  any  imporlance  Las  been  attempted  by 
either  party  until  some  few  months  ago  Bueou's  (deceased)  sou  KUnii  aeiaed  a 
Tibetan  while  he  was  on  his  way  to  aome  MIja  village  to  trade,  and  sold  him  lo 
Takttlon  for  a  gun  worth  Rh.  30,  two  swords,  three  large  "  low,"  one  small  mithon, 
aod  the  man  is,  f  am  informed,  still  detained  in  TSklllon'a  vilUge  as  a  prisoner. 

Monday,  Decemher  21s(. — Proceeding  for  half  an  hour  in  a  north-easterly  (varying 
occasionally  a  little  more  easterly)  direction  we  descended  900  feet  down  a  slt«p 
incline  and  crossed  a  good-sized  hill  stream  called  the  Pdnl,  running  down  very 
strongly  from  the  north  into  the  Brahmaputra.  After  crossing  the  Paint  we  ascoided 
some  800  feet  up  the  centre  of  a  spur  calltd  SS-logom,  where  Pronsimg's  (the  man 
alluded  to  iD  dkry  of  19th  instant)  village,  cousistiug  of  three  houses,  is  situated. 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  615 

The  path  firom  Ghds^  to  the  Paint,  and  np  the  spar  on  which  PronsoDg's  village  is 
situated,  was  very  slippery  after  the  late  rain.  Close  to  Pronsong's  son's  house  I  saw 
the  first  Dig&ro  grave  (that  of  a  female)  I  have  seen  to  date.  Molesworth  made  a 
drawing  of  it,  and,  as  he  has  promised  me  one,  there  is  no  occasion  for  me  to 
describe  it  here.  I  will  merely  add  that  Dig&ros  (and  also  MtjCis)  sometimes  hnry,  at 
others  bum,  their  dead.  The  latter  is,  I  am  Id  formed,  the  favourite  plan.  The  rule 
seems  to  be  this.  If  deceased's  relations  are  well  off  and  have  a  lot  of  labour  avail- 
able in  the  shape  of  slaves,  the  body  is  burnt ;  if  not,  it  is  buried,  with  the  head  to 
the  westward.  Slaves  are  generally  thrown  into  the  river  after  death.  After  a 
person  dies  his  or  her  relations  send  for  the  N'gwai  (who  is  equivalent  to  the 
Assamese  D^ai),  a  sort  of  Mishmi  priest,  and  get  him  to  say  a  few  words  over  the 
corpse,  exhorting  the  soul  of  the  departed  to  flee  away  underground  to  the  spot  where 
all  others  have  gone  before,  and  when  this  has  been  done  and  the  body  has  been 
made  away  with,  a  feast  in  proportion  to  the  wealth  of  the  deceased's  relations  is 
given.  No  ceremonies  are  performed  after  this  feast.  It  is  considered  imlucky,  in 
fauct  dangerous,  to  have  anything  to  do  with  the  dead  once  they  have  been  burnt,  or 
buried,  lest  their  spirits  should  be  disturbed  and  get  offended.  Dig&ros  do  not 
appear  to  believe  in  the  transmigration  of  the  soul,  but  (notwithstanding  that  the 
priest  exhorts  the  soul  of  the  deceased  to  go  away  and  remain  imder  the  **  mati," 
they  believe  that  dead  people  move  about  in  the  air  in  the  shape  of  invisible  spirits. 

After  reaching  the  top  of  Pronsoug  spur  we  descended  some  200  feet,  and  then 
continued  along  a  tolerably  good,  though  very  up  and  down,  path,  skirting  the 
several  spurs  coming  down  from  the  westward  into  the  Brahmaputra.  General 
direction  up  to  11.20  a.m.  north,  slightly  east. 

At  12.30  p.m.  we  had  a  smart  shower,  which  wet  us  all  through  (direction  for 
past  hour  north-east,  slightly  north),  and  soon  afterwards  we  came  upon  a  huge  mass 
of  rock  immediately  above  the  Brahmaputra  called  Erftmpo.  Between  12.30 
and  1  p.m.  we  were  going  N.N.W.,  north-west,  and  occasionaUy  west,  but  after 
that  we  turned  gradually  to  the  north-east,  again  the  path  running  100  feet  or  so 
above  the  Brahmaputra.  At  1 .15  we  crossed  the  Mfim,  a  hill  stream  runniog  down 
into  the  Brahmaputra  from  the  south  from  afar,  and  from  the  south-west  nearer  us. 
Just  before  crossing  it  we  saw  a  fine  waterfall  bearing  south-west,  but  our  path 
turning  to  the  north-east  soon  afterwards,  and  being  very  jungly,  we  lost  sight  of  it 
almost  immediately. 

Alter  crossing  the  Mdm  I  halted  for  three-quarters  of  an  hour  to  lunch.  Then 
proceeding  again  we  continued  for  half  an  hour  in  a  N.N.W.  direction,  and  after 
crossing  the  dry  beds  of  four  mountain  streams,  which,  when  in  flood,  run  down  from 
the  north-west  into  the  Brahmaputra,  we  turned  gradually  to  the  northward  and 
crossed  the  dry  beds  of  three  other  mountain  streams,  which  in  flood  also  flow  into 
the  Brahmaputra  from  the  north-west,  and  soon  afterwards  a  path  leading  to  the 
north-west  to  the  Sa-gam-nft  Dig&ro  viUage. 

When  turning  a  little  more  easterly  we  descended  at  3.30  p.m.  some  250  feet  or 
80,  and  crossed  a  large  mountain  stream,  full  of  huge  boulders,  called  TalQ&,  running 
down  fix>m  the  north-west  into  the  Brahmaputra.  Elevation,  where  we  crossed,  900 
feet  This  stream  is  easily  forded  at  this  time  of  the  year.  There  is  an  old,  and  at 
present,  unsafe  wooden  bridge  of  the  ordinary  kind  across  it.  I  was  struck  by  the 
male  portion  of  the  Dig&ro  porters  helping  the  women  over  this  river,  and,  when 
necessary,  relieving  them  of  their  loads. 

After  crossing  the  Tal(i&  we  proceeded  in  a  north-easterly  direction,  and 
ascending  some  50  feet  or  so  up  a  steep  P'ttth  on  the  edge  of  a  spur  falling  into  the 
Brahmaputra  we  found  ourselves  at  4  p.m.  in  a  recently  cultivated  knot  belonging  to 
Kaiikson  of  the  T&lon  clan,  a  couple  of  hundred  feet  or  so  only  above  the  Brahma- 


016 


MB.  J.  F.  NtEDHAM'S  JOCRSEr 


pulm,  which  it  running  frura  the  uotth-eaet,  and  bends  awaj  south  of  aouUa-WHti 
it  piuiGes  where  we  are  sbuidiDfr.     Tlien,  after  crossing  several  olher  dry 
waU^oouraea,  we  dcBcended  at  4.30  p.m.  doee  to  tho  Brahmaputra,  and  I  pit 
camp  on  a  beautifully  sandy  spot  kuown  ea  Karl,  a  miniature  hay,  close  to  H. 
There  is  an  enormous  quantity  of  drifln'ood  about,  and  as  grass  and  plaulaiii  Ifaves 
are  also  plentiful  and  close  by,  our  porters  aud  the  Eliamtis  were  soon  comfortably 
houetd.     The  Inst  100  feet  or  so  down  to  Uiis  place  w.is  very  gteep  and  difficult  for 
laden  coolies.    Tlie  Bmhmaputra,  which  is  running  frum  £.N.E.,  is  roaring 
foaming  past  our  camp.     It  is  scarcely  60  yards  across  in  places.     Just  below 
camp  it  lun«  suddenly  south  of  south-weat.     There  is  a  Diglro  village  of  6  Iw 
un   tlie  Lill,  called  Amkng,  to  the  north  immediately  above  us,  but   not  in 
The  headman's  name  is  TIton,  and  he  is  of  the  Mar6  Taieog  dan.     We  had  two^ 
three  nasty  showers  between  noon  and  i.30  p.m.,  which  wet  us  through  and 
the  marching,  oriou  through  dense  jiingLc,  very  unpleasaQt,  and  the  patli  gen 
very  slippery.    Rain  also  fell  after  we  had  pitched  camp,  and  continued  till  T.I 
p.m.,  after  which  we  bad  a  fine  night.     Wo  were  mnrehiug  fjr  fij  hours  to-day, 
elusive  of  halts,  and  1  reckon  that  we  did  about  eight  miles ;  it  was  the  most  diffi< 
marcli  we  have  had  to  date. 

Tuesday,  December  22nd. — Up  at  daylight  and  had  everything  packed  by  7. 
a.m.,  but,  as  we  are  only  a  couple  of  hours'  mareb  frum  lAknioog's  village,  wbi^< 
on  a  hill  called  A-kUpfl,  our  Uisbmi  porters  were  in  no  htirry  to  be  off,  and 
Chow^S  wished  me  to  halt  for  a  while  in  order  to  allow  old  I'Uon  (alluded  to  above) 
to  come  in  and  pay  bis  respects  to  me,  I  amused  myself  after  chotobaxii  cxntuiniDg 
a  cane  bridge  (the  first  I  have  been  close  to)  across  the  Brahmaputra,  a  few  hundred 
yards  above  where  we  are  camjied.    Tlie  Brabmapotra  is  very  narrow,  not  autn 
than  60  yards  broad,  just  where  the  bridge  is,     The  narrowest  places  are, ' 
chosen  for  their  eonalruelion,  not  so  much  to  economise  cane,  or  through  fyni 
the  caue  is  not  sufficiently  strong  to  form  a  long  span,  but  lo  focililaio  the 
process  of  manufacture,  viz.  getting  the  canes  across  from  one  side  to  the 
I'his  is  doue  by  tying  a  stone  to  a  tliiu  cane,  and  then  alin^pg  the  latt«r  scroas 
means  of  it.     Of  course,  when  this  has  been  done  tlie  process  of  drag>:ing  the  tl 
canes  over  is  an  easy  matter.     The  bridge  has  a  pUitform  on  eitlier  siile  of  the 
to  land  on  or  take  off;  from  and  abovecach  of  these  a  strong  cross-bar  isKxed. 
canes  (three,  four,  or  five  are  used)  having  been  firmly  tied  to  a  tree  oo  oae  si 
they  are  led  over  the  cross-bars  alluded  to,  and  thtu  hauled  suHiciently  tight  fr 
the  opposite  bank  and  fastened  to  other  trees,  nfter  which  they  are  guyed 
lightly  towards  the  ground,  a  short  diatancc  from  the  cross-bars,  so  as  lo  keep  them 
from  swinging  about  too  much.    Just  above  either  platform  several  stout  catio  hoo|» 
are  to  be  seen  strung  on  to  the  caues  which  run  across  the  river,  and  it  is  by  meaiiK 
of  thi'Se  lioops  that  the  Miahniis  cross  the  river. 

A  Mishmi  wirhing  to  cross  adjusts  one  of  them  six  icchea  or  so  above  hia  rumji, 
and  hiving  fastened  a  piece  of  tliiu  cane,  which  is  lo  be  found  attached  to  each  hoop, 
under  the  nape  of  bis  neck,  he  cocks  his  legs  in  the  air,  aud  calohijig  hold  of  the 
Loop  on  either  side  (below  the  caue  lopas),  away  he  slides  towards  ibe  c«uli«  of  the 
span,  where,  on  arriving,  he  transfers  his  hands  from  the  hoop  to  the  oane-iopc^  Bsd 
works  his  way  up  the  other  side  hand  over  band,  u^ug  his  bare  teet  lik«wiae  in  a 
manner  which  would  make  many  an  old  sailor  stare  were  he  present  to 
Sjnielimes  the  hoop  does  not  glide  far  of  its  own  accord,  although  eacli  one 
vide!  with  a  piece  of  jungle  stuff  called  Tftbble,  by  the  Di;;ftrjs,  a  sort  < " 
from  which  a  very  slip[<ery  sap  exudes,  so  attaclitd  that  it  rests  between 
and  tlie  cane  ropes,  for  the  hitter  bave  joints  iu  them  which  often  bring  the 
up  short,  and  then  bands  and  feet  have  (o  be  used  nil  the  way  across,  aud  the 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  517 

Hon  is  very  severe.  If  it  i^  desired  to  cross  a  load  likewise,  the  basket  contaiQiDg  the 
same  is  fixed  on  to  the  lower  portion  of  the  hook  below  where  the  owner  lies,  and  it, 
as  also  a  spear,  if  necessary,  stuck  io,  so  as  to  balance  itself,  is  taken  across  with  him. 
This  particular  bridge  is  about  120  feet  from  platform  to  platform.  Molesworth  has 
promised  me  a  drawing  of  it  to  go  in  with  my  report. 

Hetuming  to  camp  about  8.30  a.m.,  I  found  that  old  Titon  had  arrived  there. 
He  is  a  pleasant-looking,  though  very  old  man,  with  long  white  hair,  very  thick 
eye-brows,  and  is  very  weak  on  his  legs.  He  speaks  Assamese.  His  first  question 
was,**Saheb!  what  have  you  come  here  for,  and  where  are  you  going  to?"  I 
explained  that  I  was  on  my  way  to  Eim&,  and  wished  all  influential  Mishmis  to  help 
mo  through  their  country.  Tlton  replied,  "  The  Mishmi  country  is  a  very  difficult 
one,  and  the  journey  to  Rim&  a  very  long  one.  The  Kim&  officials  too  are  brutes, 
and  they  will  be  sure  to  insult  you  if  you  go  there  with  no  sepoys.  As  soon  as  ever 
they  hear  of  your  being  in  their  vicinity  they  will  turn  out  in  force  to  stop  you.  If 
you  are  desirous  of  going  there,  take  a  large  number  of  sepoys  with  you.'*  I  explained 
that  I  had  no  fear  regarding  the  length  of  the  journey  or  the  difficulties  of  the  road, 
and  that  I  was  prepared  to  run  my  chance  of  being  well  received  or  otherwise  at 
Rim4,  that  all  I  now  asked  for  was  that  the  head  Dig&ro  men  would  favour  my 
presence  amongst  them,  and  help  me  to  push  on  towards  Rim&  by  giving  me  rations 
and  porters.  Leaving  the  Brahmaputra,  and  proceeding  in  an  east-south-easterly 
direction  through  some  recently  cultivated  fields  for  a  short  time,  we  struck  it  again 
a  little  further  on,  coming  down  a  little  north  of  east-north-east,  and  then  turning 
due  east,  we  could  sec  it  coming  down  from  a  similar  direction.  After  proceeding 
thus  for  a  few  minutes  wc  left  the  Brahmaputra  again,  and  turned  a  little  to  the 
north  of  east,  but  at  a  quarter  to  11  a.m.  came  out  on  it  again,  and  our  path  lay  for 
half  a  mile  or  more  over  the  huge  boulders  lying  just  above  it,  which  the  Dowanyas 
didn't  seem  to  relish  at  all.  The  reach  here  is  long  and  straight,  and  the  river  flows 
from  north-east  by  east. 

Then  leaving  the  Brahmaputra,  we  got  on  to  a  high  bank,  and  continuing  along  a 
Jungly  path,  we  crossed  a  good-sized  stream  called  Um,  running  down  very  strongly 
from  the  north  into  the  Brahmaputra^  We  crossed  the  Um  on  a  fishing  weir  close  to 
where  it  empties  itself  into  the  Brahmaputra  (elevation  950  feet),  as  it  was  scarcely 
fordable,  and  we  then  proceeded  for  a  few  himdred  yards  up  its  left  bank  over  some 
huge  boulders  (very  difficult  going  for  laden  coolies).  We  reached  Tdkttlong's  village 
(elevation  1600  feet)  at  1.30  p.m.,  having  risen  some  700  feet  in  about  half  a  mile. 
The  village  has  ten  houses,  all  of  which  are  very  much  scattered,  and  one  and  all 
are  surrounded  by  dense  jungle,  so  that  one  does  not  see  a  house  until  one  is 
right  on  top  of  it. 

I  asked  T4k(ilong  where  Brumson  was  (for  I  had  heard  that  this  man,  who  is  one 
of  the  most  influential  chiefs  among  the  Taieng  (Dig^ro)  clan,  was  in  the  village,  as 
also  that  he  has  a  grievance  of  very  old  standing,  and  is  alleged  to  have  given  out 
that  he  will  opix)se  my  being  allowed  to  proceed  through  the  Dig&ro  country)^  and 
he  replied  sulkily,  "  I  don't  know.  He  is  somewhere  in  the  village."  I  had  heard 
that  this  man  T^kdlong,  who  is  Biiimson's  cousin,  has  also  a  grievance,  and  that  he 
likewise  is  inclined  to  prevent  my  proceeding  on  through  his  country.  I  at<ked  if  I 
might  be  permitted  to  see  a  Tibetan  prisoner  whom  I  believed  was  in  the  village,  and 
the  man  was  immediately  called  upon  to  appear.  He  is  a  strongly  built,  flne-looking 
man,  about  forty-five  years  of  age,  and  is  dressed  in  the  usual  coarse  slate-coloured 
Tibetan  blanketing  stuff,  made  like  a  large  loose  dressing-gown,  with  very  open 
sleeves,  and  tied  round  the  waist  by  a  string,  so  that  it  bags  considerably  in  the 
vicinity  of  the  stomach,  and  only  reaches  as  far  as  the  knee.  He  is  also  wearing  the 
typical  Tibetan  felt  billycock  hat,  with  a  broad  tumed-up  brim  to  it.    His  hair  is 


51t 


.3-  J. 


^^^       to  b 


M iMiwfc ten  od  oB  Moa  &f(f r  lie  was  aeizeS, 
•Ml  iM  lA  feMsMCHrt  m«hH>7«Hdn  rto^mboot  two  feet  or  so  loDg  br 

tB  hAh  hH^  Ov  '^i^  iTaiiA  !•  te^  off  kit  »iik1e  when  moving  about  bV 
^iMH  tf  ■  iiKC  aF  ^HC  Mkdfll  to  mA  tad  tf  it,  moi  carried  in  hts  hand.  He 
■fe«Bi^l7-Aidb$liihiI.ialAiBatd»wBaa  tbegTMud.  I  was  infonned  that 
W  imi  baa  mh^  mwk  aarts  ip  ly  IT^I,  a  rebtion  of  Bnsoc  (.Ircoised),  tnd 
IMMK  aAv  Dith^  *k^  ^  *■■  •■  k*"*!!  «tth  tvo  other  "Hbetans  (who  niaiug«t) 
hMtogrf*i»w^XlBlUHi^Tg^f,whldi  M  acroaa  the  Dale!  («t  like 
«>M*dAHO'***('*i^  *«T  *  ■**  "■*■"',  ia  wbfch  origin  of  row  between 
■  ■■in^MaMsnn).  laAaitatwbnthetDan  belonged, audi  was  told  thai 
\  md  ilut  be  iotended  selling  bim  lo  the 
d  pi*  a  SDod  ptke  for  him.  The  Tibetan 
ning  with  him  through  Chowj^i, 
~,  if  posubte,  lo  reosom  him,  and 
■  ■iihH^^d  tUi  amn  be  rccciTcd  with  much  jo;,  lo  judge 
rbst  be  would  tttke  for  the  man,  as  1 
It  i^  ««w  mn  I  bad  &«  bawd  of  bis  being  a  prisoner  here — made- 
a  by  aad  EMaoK  In,  be&tinB  be  m^ht  be  iastruroeotol  in  gettini; 
~i  aet  pm  waj  definite  reply,  so  1  allowed  the  matter  lu 
or  Oal  aigliL  Ik  Wahmi  slock  alladed  to  abore  is  an 
A  bole  han^  boa  cat  in  a  [neoe  of  rerj  hnrd  wood,  1arg« 
"  '■  fcol,  fte  came  is  forced  through  it        " 

iRM  fia  is  Ika  dri*«a  ibnM^  betik  nte  of  tbe  bole  close  to  the  ankle,  so  that  i^ 

-Up  eailf  and  lontid  it  very  cold  and  ra 
19^  at  9  am.  I  n>  T&kQIon  about  Ihis  Hme,  and  I  t«ld  hhn 
oa,  and  aaid  I  hoped  he  would  give  me  porters.  He 
grt  aaj  portcn  from  my  Tillage.  1  and  BrUtasoii  hare  a  deal 
fa)  talk  toToaalmat  toc^  a)  job  wiU  bare  tornnainhere";  ondnponmy  astingwby 
be  aad  Briuoa  wen  an  ^latofj  abont  tbe  matlfr,  he  replied,  "  What  we  have  to 
^xak  lo  jon  aboat  is  not  a  matter  whidi  can  be  talked  over  qaickly,  besides  BtCid- 
aoQ  !■  Dol  nadf  to  talV  to  yon  yet.  He  is  bere  on  nrptnt  tmd  speclnl  bueines  of  hit 
own,  and  as  soon  a*  be  baa  finished  it  be  will  probably  come  and  apeak  with  f  ou." 

I  was  qaile  prepared  for  this  speech,  as  Chowsi  had  previotisly  informed  me  that 
I  should  be  oompelled  to  bait  here  to-day,  as  also  that  both  T&kiltong  and  Brumsoa 
hsTe  a  very  old  and  grare  grieranoe  against  our  GoTcmmeoC  to  talk  to  me  aboDt. 
Tikfllong,  alter  delirering  hiuiaelf  thus,  killed  a  {lig,  which  he  preseoled  me  with,  and 
he  Ukewise  brought  us  a  fowl  or  two  and  a  little  rice,  which  looks  asifbe  iaicndedto 
beep  frieudly  after  all.  I  occupied  myself  in  collecting  DigSro  words,  and  iu  listen- 
ing to  the  following  storv,  which  a  Uiahmi  gnve  me  (o  account  for  BrEinson's  long 

"Many  years  ago  Tikfllong  tired  where  his  forefathers  had  lived  before  bim, 
&rlher  to  the  eastward,  on  a  bill  called  ESpuilon,  but  he  was  driven  theitjce  by 
Kaieha's  (deceased)  sons  and  relslions,  who  were  aided  by  the  Chulikattas,  and  tbe 
men  from  Gaming,  in  revenge  fur  his  (TAkQIong's)  father  having  assisted  the  British 
Government  in  capturing  Eaiahfl^  and  it  subsequently  came  to  the  ears  of  T&kQIoog, 
PrtlmMni,  and  other  chiefs  of  the  Taieng  clnn,  that  the  Cbulikattas  had  been  shown 
the  way  into  Tfikfllong's  part  of  the  country  by  a  Misbmi  belonging  to  the  Dlndi,  QSm, 
and  BfiiA  clans.  When  this  discovery  was  first  made  nottiing  was  done,  but  the 
chiefs  of  the  Taieng  clan  set  about  making  secret  inquiries  about  the  matter,  so  u 
to  be  able  to  fix  the  guilt  on  the  suspected  parties;  and  as  soon  as  they  had  gut 
anflSoieut  evidence  sgitlust  them,  they  ordered  the  men  to  appear  belbre  tbem  al 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  519 

T&kdloog's  viUage  to  answer  to  the  charge.  The  three  suspected  meo,  accompanied 
by  numerons  friends,  arrived  here  a  few  days  ago,  and  they  were  openly  accused  of 
treachery  by  the  Taieng  clan.  They  of  course  denied  tbe  charge,  but  as  the  Taieng 
chief  had  suf^cient  prima  facie  evidence  against  them,  tbey  were  ordered  to  take  the 
Mishmi  oath  and  go  through  the  ordeal  usual  among  Mishmis  under  the  circumstances, 
viz.  each  swallow  a '  chunga '  (four  or  five  inches  long  and  half  au  inch  in  diameter) 
full  of  Mishmi  poison  (aconite,  I  believe),  ground  and  mixed  with  water,  declaring 
•before  doing  so  that  if  they  were  lying  they  hoped  the  poison  would  kill  them.** 

Large  crowds  of  Mishmis  from  all  parts  of  the  country  were  present  to  see  this 
performance,  and  every  one  I  spoke  to  about  it  firmly  believed  in  the  efficacy  of  the 
test  used  to  discover  whether  the  suspected  men  had  really  acted  as  they  are  alleged 
to  have  done,  declaring  that  if  the  suspected  men  are  guilty  they  could  not  possibly 
escape  dying ;  while,  on  the  other  hand,  if  they  are  telling  the  truth,  the  poison 
would  not  kill  them,  though  it  would  make  them  very  ill.  I  asked  several  men 
what  would  have  happened  had  the  suspected  men  refused  to  swallow  the  poison,  and 
they  replied,  '*  They  would  have  been  compelled  to  take  it.  If  they  had  not  appeared 
voluntarily,  as  they  have  done,  they  would  have  been  hunted  down  and  killed  by  the 
Tdeng  clan." 

By  3  p.m.,  the  above  proceedings  having  been  completed,  Briimson  shortly  after- 
wards arrived  at  my  tent.  He  is  a  fine-looking  man,  about  forty-seven  years  of  age, 
and  has  a  very  intelligent  face  for  a  Mishmi.  He  was  wearing  a  lar^  bearskin  cap, 
which  effectually  hid  the  upper  portion  of  his  face,  especially  his  eyes.  He  cannot 
speak  Assamese,  and  this  is,  I  am  told,  a  terribly  sore  point  with  him,  as  he  has  an 
idea  that  if  he  could  narrate  his  own  grievances  he  would  get  a  hearing,  which  up  to 
date  he  has  not,  he  says,  succeeded  in  doing.  He  asked  me  why  I  have  come  into 
these  parts,  and  I  replied  that  I  am  anxious  to  become  personally  acquainted  with 
all  the  Dig&ro  and  Mijd  chiefs,  as  also  see  their  country,  and  that  I  was  very  anxious 
also  to  visit  Lftm&  (everybody  here  talks  of  Rim&  as  L&m&),  and  hoped  that  he  and 
the  other  chiefii  would  help  me  with  their  influence,  and  also  give  me  porters. 

Both  TAktilong  and  Briimson  promised  to  try  and  get  me  as  many  porters  as  I 
required,  and  Briimson  agreed  to  allow  his  son,  a  nice,  smart-looking  young  fellow  of 
about  twenty-five  or  twenty-six  years  of  age,  to  accompany  me. 

I  spoke  to  T&kdlong  again  about  the  Tibetan  prisoner,  and  he  said  he  would  take 
100  rupees  for  him,  and  this  sum  I  agreed  to  give,  as  I  was  anxious  to  see  the  poor 
fellow  set  at  liberty,  and  I  believed  that  if  I  took  him  on  to  Rim&  with  me  he  might 
be  of  some  use  to  me.  I  then  asked  for  permission  to  set  the  Tibetan  at  liberty,  and 
after  a  deal  of  argument  I  was  told  I  might  do  so.  After  several  futile  attempts  to 
knock  out  the  iron  pin  or  cut  the  wood  through  with  a  kukriy  a  small  Mishmi  axe 
was  brought,  and  a  young  fellow  had  to  hack  away  at  the  wood,  at  the  imminent 
risk  of  cutting  the  poor  fellow's  legs  if  his  axe  slipped,  for  half  an  hour,  amidst  the 
jeers  and  uncomplimentary  remarks  from  a  lot  of  young  fellows  who  were  looking  on 
at  the  operation,  ere  the  pin  could  be  got  out  and  the  man  released.  The  poor  man 
appeared  to  be  very  grateful  at  having  been  released,  and  it  was  time  his  foot  was 
taken  out,  for  his  ankle  was  much  swollen,  and  of  course  very  tender  and  sore. 

After  dinner  I  occupied  myself  in  jotting  down  more  Dig&ro  words  for  the 
vocabulary  I  am  making.  Dig&ros  are  not  nearly  as  inquisitive  as  the  Abors,  and  so, 
I  am  thankful  to  say,  we  have  not  up  to  date  been  pulled  about  or  molested,  such  as 
we  should  have  been  had  we  been  in  an  Abor  village.  At  mealtimes  we  always  have 
a  few  present  to  admire  the  adroitness  with  which  we  feed  ourselves  with  knife  and 
fork.  Some  of  the  youths  too  occasionally  make  themselves  obnoxious  by  mimicking 
everything  either  I  or  Molesworth  say,  as  also  by  placing  their  anything  but  sweet 
bodies  in  too  close  proximity  to  us ;  but  these  are  very  small  matters.    I  retired  to 


SaO  MR.  J.  F.  XEEDHAM'S  JOURNEV 

bed  very  pleased  with  my  day's  work,  and  with  my  mind  much  Tolieved,  for  I  fclt 
tb[it  I  had  concUialeil  two  very  inHiieatial  chiDle. 

TAkQloD^'s  house,  ae  also  the  others  I  hnve  seen  in  this  vtllnge,  is  surrounded  bj- » 
flight  wooden  feuce  on  three  sides,  the  front  side  only  being  without  it.  I  wu  nt 
lirst  under  the  impression  that  this  fence  had  been  erected  to  protect  any  vcgelahlct, 
Ac,  which  might  be  grown  within  the  inclosure  from  being  dcTourwl  by  the  yillsge 
niithon,  but  I  am  infonned  th&t  its  object  ia  to  prevent  the  house  being  nisbed 
suddenly  by  any  force  attacking  the  villnge.  The  (mat)  walls  are  likewise  jvotectAl 
va  the  outside  by  split  pieces  of  wooi^  placed  close  logetber,  which  ttacb  to  within  a 
foot  or  BO  of  the  top  of  them,  iu  order  lo  prevent  ingress  to  the  hoaw  by  cutting  llie 
walls.  As  I  have  before  observed,  pigs  being  kept  underneath  the  "  cbung"  of  Uie 
bouKS,  that  portion  is  usually  railed  in,  but  the  railings  which  I  hare  hitherto  seen 
for  this  jiurpose  merely  come  up  high  enough  to  keep  the  pigs  inside.  With  tlie 
ubore  ejiceptiouB,  no  other  defences  which  I  couid  see  exisL 

I  have  previously  noticed  that  this  tribe  do  not  erect  tlicir  houses  in  closa  pros- 
imity  to  one  another  apaa  auy  fixed  village  site.  I  suppose  experience  has  taujht 
them  that  it  is  safer  to  live  ecattc-red  ks  they  do  when  tlieir  numbers  are  numerically 
smnll.  It  would  of  course  be  much  more  difficult  for  auy  raiding  paj-ty  nnaequalnttiii 
sa  they  would  be  with  the  villnge  locality,  Ui  attack  and  bum  a  number  ot  BCatteri!d 
houses,  hidden  from  view  until  one  is  right  up  lo  them  by  dense  jungle,  than  it 
would  be  were  they  all  clustcreJ  together  in  one  spot.  The  houses  too  being  scftttered 
us  they  are  aObrd  more  chance  for  the  inmntea  escaping  with  their  lives  during  a 
Budden  attack. 

I  saw  n  few  cases  of  goitre,  hut  none  of  any  size,  in  ibis  village.  The  spring 
from  which  the  village  gets  its  water  is  some  distance  away,  aod  the  water  is  dirty 
iind  not  very  plentiful  at  this  time  of  the  year. 

Thursday,  Dectmber  2i(h. — At  8  a.m.  the  thermometer  repatered  4"".  At 
10.30  a.m.  I  left  the  village,  accomponied  by  Hal-lmsong,  ChQs^  and  TSkQlorng, 
who  said  they  would  escort  mp  aa  far  as  the  Dalui  river,  and  juat  before  ataitiog^ 
Briimson  came  up  and  wished  me  a  cafe  and  successftil  juumey.  He  eaid — "" 
cautiously  and  to  ever  on  the  alert.  The  road  is  dangerously  bod  for  any  ona  t 
Misbmis  in  places,  and  you  have  a  long  march  before  you,  I  have  done  all  1  4 
for  you,  and  I  am  sending  my  sou  witii  you.  Take  oare  of  him.''  Wo  aUrldf 
n  north-east  slightly  easterly  direction,  and  continuing  this  course  for  aqoulertnl 
hour,  we  came  upon  a  had  and  daugiroua  piece  of  road.  The  path  lay  for  ■ 
or  40  yards  along  the  edge  of  an  almost  perpeudicular  rock,  a  few  hundred  feet  al 
the  Brahmaputra,  with  nothing  but  little  niches  in  it  here  and  tber 
though  luckily  there  were  a  few  creepers  about  lo  bold  on  by,  but  sa  they  W«nM 
strong  enough  to  bear  one's  weight,  they  would  not  have  been  of  much  use  had  • 
slipped,  so  that  any  accident  of  tbe  kind  meant  almost  certain  death,  br  there  v 
*Leer  drap  on  to  the  boulders  lyin;;  in  the  Brahmaputra  below.  Molcsworth  and  I 
determined  to  go  by  this  path  (there  ia  a  better  one  abov<>  it  by  which  cattle  are 
taken),  for  the  Misbmis  seemed  to  think  we  could  uot  get  over  it,  and  aa  we  had  twt> 
women  among  our  porters,  we  argued  that  if  they  could  get  over  such  a  pMb  with 
their  loads,  we  could  also  do  so.  We  forgot,  however,  tliot  going  over  sucb  »  plarv 
with  bare  feet  is  very  diiferent  from  cloing  so  with  boots  on.  We  got  over  it  all 
right,  though  we  were  both  belpi.d  slightly  over  the  last  bit,  and  we  were  both  glad 
when  we  had  reached  a  safer  si>ol.  This  ia  the  worst  bit  of  potli  we  have  bad  to  pi 
over  to  date.  Tbe  Khamtis,  as  also  my  servants,  went  by  the  upper  or  cattle  path. 
After  this  we  descended  some  TOO  feet  by  a  steep,  slippery,  and  broken  palli. 
and  at  11,15  we  halted  for  10  minutes,  and  then  proceeding  in  a  nurth-awtcriy 
diiiKtion,  wc  passed  a  large  mass  of  broken  hill  d£brls,  chieSy  rock,  ^i]«Rnlly 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  521 

hurled  down  (from  the  north-west)  by  the  bursting  of  a  glacier,  and  soon  afterwards  wo 
crossed  the  dry  beds  of  the  two  hill  streams,  and  then  a  little  hill  spring  trickling 
out  of  the  rocks  close  to  our  path.  Just  after  pa^ssing  the  hill  debris  alluded  to,  we 
came  upon  a  tolerably  level,  though  somewhat  stony,  piece  of  ground,  and  I  was 
informed  that  Eden  and  his  men  halted  there  the  evening  before  they  surprised 
Kaish&  in  his  stronghold.  We  halted  here  for  15  minutes,  and  then  proceeding 
K.N.E.  for  ten  minutes  or  so,  we  entered  Mlson  (Digdro)  village,  elevation  1300 
feet,  which  is  a  few  hundred  feet  above  the  Brahmaputra.  Mtson's  house  is  quite 
close  to  the  path,  and  no  attempt  has  been  made  to  erect  any  defences  of  any  sort  at 
the  entrance  of  the  village.    Distance  from  T&k{ilon  about  3i  miles. 

Leaving  Mlson's  house  at  10  minutes  to  1  p.m.  and  proceeding  in  a  north-easterly 
direction,  we  descended  100  feet  or  so  and  crossed  a  small  hill  stream,  from  which  the 
village  apparently  gets  its  water.  Then  ascending  100  feet  we  crossed  another  hill 
spring,  and  the  path  ascended  and  descended  alternately  until  at  1  p.m.  we  came  upon 
the  spot  where  Lfimling's  house  used  to  be  before  it  was  attacked  and  burnt  by  KaisM's 
relatioa«,  the  Chulikattas,  and  the  Gdming  pct^ple.  Elevation,  1500  feet.  I  took  the 
bearing  of  the  Brahmaputra  from  this  si)ot  and  found  it  coming  down  from  the  east- 
ward and  making  a  letter  S  j ust  below  as  it  proceeds  westward.  After  leaving  this  spot 
we  proceeded  in  the  easi-south-eastcrly  direction,  and  descending  about  100  feet 
down  a  steep  path  we  continued  along  a  fine  level  path  for  a  quarter  of  a  mile  or  so. 
Then  descending  another  300  feet,  we  crossed  the  D&lei  river  on  a  fishing  weir. 
It  is  a  fine  large  river,  not  fordable  even  now,  and  running  very  strong  from  the 
N.N.E.  into  the  Brahmaputra.  It  is  said  to  rise  in  the  Snowy  Range  bordering  on 
Tibet,  and  forms  the  boundary  between  the  Taieng  and  M^ny6  clans  of  Dig&ros. 
The  valley  on  either  side  of  it  just  here  is  of  conhiderable  size,  nearly  as  wide  in  fact 
as  that  of  the  Brahmaputra.  There  are  numerous  villages  up  the  gorge,  some  of 
which  are  of  considerable  size,  one  of  them  haviug,  I  am  told,  100  houses  in  it. 
Eaish&*s  people  live  on  a  high  hill  called  S&mei&ng,  which  bears  N.E.  from  the 
D&lei,  and  M&biison  and  M&kiison,  two  other  influential  chiefs  of  the  M&ny6  clan, 
live  a  little  below  Kaisb&.  The  country,  too,  known  as  Gtoing,  and  inhabited  by 
the  Dind&  clan  of  Di<:,&ros,  also  lies  up  the  gorge  of  this  river  about  three-quarters  of  a 
day's  journey  from  M&kiison  village  (vifle  diary  of  23rd  instant),  where  mention  is 
made  of  this  tribe  having  helped  Eaish&'s  people  in  their  attack  on  Ldmling  village. 

They  are  not  a  numeroils  clan,  and  it  is  alleged  that  they  are  now  on  bad  terms 
with  the  Bdbliji&s,  whose  nearest  villages  are  only  some  two  days' journey  from  their 
most  northerly  villages.  None  of  them  have  ever  visited  Sadiya,  and  as  they  are  still 
on  bad  terms  with  the  Taieng  clan,  they  never  even  come  as  far  south  as  the  mouth 
of  the  Dilei.  I  am  told  that  the  M^oyo  clan  of  Di^dro  villages  lying  up  the  gorge 
of  this  river  reach  to  within  a  couple  of  days'  journey  of  the  Bebeji&  villages,  as  also 
close  to  the  borders  of  Tibet. 

Before  crossing  the  Ddlei  I  halted  for  half-an-hour.  We  crossed  the  river  on  a 
fishing  weir,  and  I  pitched  camp  in  the  jungle  close  to  its  left  bank,  as  it  was 
necessary  that  I  should  interview  the  headmen  of  the  M&ny6  clan  and  solicit  per- 
mi;$sion  to  march  through  their  country,  as  also  get  them  to  give  me  some  porters 
in  exchange  for  some  of  those  from  T&killong,  who  wish  to  return  home  from  this 
spot.  At  2.30  p.m.  Mabiisson,  Makiison,  and  a  number  of  Eaish&'s  sons  and 
relations,  arrived  in  camp. 

I  was  very  pleased  at  having  got  Makuson  to  consent  to  accompany  me,  as  he  is 
not  only  a  very  influential  man  in  his  own  part  of  the  country  (as  far  eastward  as 
Ton'son  village,  which  is  close  to  the  borders  of  llima),  but  he  speaks  MfjCl  and 
Til)etan,  as  also  Assamese,  fairly  well,  and  I  consiilered  that  I  was  justified  in 
promifiing  him  a  gun  if  he  really  acted  up  to  his  promise. 


522  JlU.  J.  K.  NEEDHAM'S  JOUKNTir 

Friday,  December  2ol!i. — I  am  toU  tliat  many  Tibelans  come  j-early  is  fcr  wwt 
as  this,  trading,  while  the  DigSroa  from  tbcso  ]>arl8  go  regularly  every  year  to  Rima 
in  ijueat  of  salt  and  cattle,  &c  &c,.  By  9  a.in,  a  siifficient  number  of  porters  had 
arrived,  and  they  all  volnntcered  to  go  rli;ht  through  with  me  to  Rima  and  back  (u 
far  as  Tlkdlon),  provided  1  gave  them  10  mpecB  each  for  the  journey  from  this  to 
Kimn,  and  10  niiwes  each  for  the  return  jonmey  to  Tftkfllong,  I  was  at  first  arene 
to  doing  Eo,  as  I  I'tared  running  short  of  funds,  but  b»  ihey  refused  to  move  unless 
1  consented  to  their  terms,  and  Chowsa  strongly  advised  my  closing  with  them,  I 
agreed  to  do  so.  I  Lad  to  pay  them  the  first  10  rupees  down  ere  they  would 
move.  I  saw  several  DigSroa  smoking  opium  this  morning.  I  &m  told  no  one 
drinks  it.    The  Mijfls,  I  am  informed,  grow  large  qiiantliies  of  opium. 

At  10.25  a.m.,  everything  being  ready,  I  succeeded  in  making  a  start.  After 
asci'nding  in  an  easterly  (veering  occasionally  to  north-east)  direction  some  300  f«'t 
we  turned  to  the  saulhtvard  of  east,  and  passed  through  large  patches  uf  fiae 
tlinlchiog  grass,  and  occasionally  through  some  thick  patches  of  what  the  Assamese 
call  MJ^l&bOo,  which,  being  very  tangled  overhead  in  places,  necessitated  one's 
going  along  with  n  stooping  gait,  which  was  very  tiring.  We  could  see  the  Brah- 
maputra coming  from  the  E.S.E.  down  a  long  straight  reach,  and  the  valley  is 
nearly,  if  not  quite,  half  a-mile  across.  Shortly  before  II  a.m.  wo  came  upon  somi: 
fine  level  country,  elevation  1200  feet,  called  .'^SmSlan;;,  and  at  11  a.m.  we 
descended  somu  'iBO  feet  down  a  steep  path  in  a  south-easterly  direction,  and  pto- 
oeeding  for  a  short  time  over  loose  stones  we  came  again  upon  a  flat  country,  which 
was,  however,  jungly  in  places  (where  it  has  nut  been  very  recently  cullivaled). 
Qencrat  direction  aouth-east.  Recently  cultivated  patches  can  be  seen  on  the  hilts 
on  either  side  of  the  Braliraaputra,  but  the  bills  on  the  left  bank  are  mote  pn- 
cipitous  than  those  on  this  bank,  and  they  come  down  nimost  right  into  the  river. 
At  11*30  a.m.  we  descended  snme  3O0  feet  down  a  stoep  path  to  the  M'dann  (also 
called  DU)  river,  which  is  nearly  as  large  as  the  Dilci.  This  river,  which  raos 
down  into  the  Brahmaputra  from  the  eastward  above  tis,  and  from  the  north-Mst 
jast  below,  forms  the  boundary  between  the  Mftnyfi  clan  of  Dig&ros  and  the  Mljit 
country.  There  is  a  path  leading  to  LSmS^  along  its  banks,  which  is  much  used  for 
trade  purp«es,  and  I  am  told  that  tbere  are  numerous  MIjQ  villages,  or  faamleta,  op 
the  gorge  of  this  river,  which  reach  to  within  a  abort  disttince  of  Tibet.  But  tew  of 
the  people  who  live  lo  the  eastward  of  it  have  ever  visited  Sfldiya,  but  they  tra>ie 
regularly  with  the  Tibetans  residing  at  Kimft  and  its  vicinity,  and  many  of  the 
latter  visit  the  MSjH  villages  yearly,  often  going  as  far  west  as  the  D&IeL  Salt  (red- 
looking  stuff,  very  like  brickdust  and  tasting  quite  as  gritty,  though  the  Mljds  say 
it  is  nicer  than  what  can  be  procured  from  Sadiya)  is  iho  chief  Tibetan  commodity 
which  the  UtjQs  go  in  quest  of,  and  after  it  c»ttle,  for  they  are  escesslvtiy  f<md  of 
meal  and  devour  largo  quantities  whenever  they  can  procure  it,  and  none  is  too 
tough  for  them  to  maaticate  or  digest.  They  likewise  aflfect  Tibetan  woi>ll«a  ooats, 
large  coj>per  "  tos,"  which  they  use  for  brewing  liquor  in,awords,  "kerais,"  ooraplinn 
beadf,  and  a  filigree  silver  ornament,  sometimes  studded  with  turquoise  (called  ion 
by  the  Mljils),  worn  as  a  charm  round  the  neck,  powder,  and  bullets. 

The  chief  articles  which  the  Mijfls  barter  in  exchange  fur  the  abore  are  musk- 
pods  (called  nH),  Mishmi  "  tltS  "  (called  porwa)  deer,  Takin,  tiger,  and  leopanl- 
skins,  horua,  a  creeper  (called  hi-ny'gi)  for  making  red  dye,  and  the  leaves  of  a  plant 
(Cdlk'd  cheram)  fur  making  a  black  dye,  and  they  likewise  supply  the  Tibetans  with 
a  great  deal  of  the  inner  bark  of  the  sAs!  (Asiamese  word)  tree,  called  tSkla  by 
Digflros,  which  ihey  use  for  making  paper.  They  don't  iu  (act  often  go  lo  aay 
villages  to  the  westward  of  it. 

There  Is  a  cane  bridge  across  tlie  M'dnun,  but  we  all  crossed  it  on  a  fishing  n 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  623 

for  it' is  not  easily  fordable  even  now.  A  little  to  the  eastward  of  the  M*daun  the 
Brahmaputra  is  seen  running  down  from  the  eastward,  but  it  turns  south-east  close 
to  where  the  M'daim  empties  itself  into  it.  There  is  a  cane  bridge  across  the  Brah- 
maputra a  few  feet  below  where  the  Md'aun  empties  itself  into  it,  and  the  river 
(Brahmaputra)  is  very  narrow  just  under  it,  for  it  rushes  through  a  stony  gorge. 

We  halted  for  three-quarters  of  an  hour  after  crossing  the  Md'aun  to  lunch,  and 
€how8&  made  arrangements  with  a  Mijii,  who  is  an  old  friend  of  his,  for  keeping 
one  of  his  Khamtis  who  has  a  very  sore  foot  until  we  return.  Startinoj  again  at 
12.20  p.m.,  we  proceeded  for  three-quarters  of  an  hour  over  the  boulders  lying 
alongside,  but  a  few  feet  above,  the  Brahmaputra,  and  about  one  mile  to  the  east- 
ward of  where  we  had  lunch  we  passed  another  cane  bridge  (consisting  of  five 
thinnish  canes),  length  about  120  yards  (width  of  Brahmaputra  about  70  yards.  It 
turns  here  to  south  of  east  for  a  bit).  At  1 .30  p.m.,  leaving  the  boulders  we  turned 
in  an  easterly  direction  and  ascended  some  300  feet  into  the  jungle,  in  order  to 
clear  a  mass  of  rock  coming  down  perpendicularly  into  the  Brahmaputra.  At  10 
to  2  p.m.  we  halted  for  five  minutes,  and  then  continuing  south-east  by  south  for  a 
few  hundred  yards  we  came  upon  some  recently  cultivated  "  khcts,"  and  saw  a  Mijd 
Tillage  on  the  left  bank  bearing  south-west,  and  immediately  afterwards  we  emerged 
upon  a  beautifully  level  piece  of  country  lying  in  two  tiers  just  above  the  Brahma- 
putra, and  about  1000  yards  wide,  the  whole  of  which  is,  or  has  been  recently, 
cultivated.  I  saw  the  remains  of  the  last  cotton  crop  in  places,  also  some  fields  with 
Miri  sweet  potatoes  growing  in  them,  and  many  patches  with  opium,  the  plants 
being  an  inch  or  two  above  the  ground.  I  noticed  here  that  the  Mijiis  waste  their 
field  rubbish  instead  of  utilising  it  to  improve  the  soil  after  burning  it. 

As  observed  in  a  previous  diary,  the  Mljiis  grow  large  quantities  of  opium,  and 
they  barter  as  much  of  it  as  is  not  required  for  their  home  consumption  among  the 
Bor  Khamtis  for  "dass"  and  other  commodities.  Large  numbers  of  the  Bor 
Khamtis  come  down  yearly,  I  am  told,  into  the  Mijd  villages  situated  a  little 
further  to  the  eastward  on  the  left  bank  of  the  Brahmaputra  to  trade. 

After  leaving  this  cultivated  valley  we  turned  to  the  north,  and  then  gradually 
worked  our  way  round  to  the  north-east,  and  turned  a  couple  of  spurs,  after  which 
we  descended  a  steep  path  and  came  out  on  to  the  Brahmaputra  again.  At 
2*30  p.m.  we  crossed  the  dry  bed  of  a  small  hill  stream,  and  soon  afterwards  a  large 
one  called  Ka*s^  running  down  into  the  Brahmaputra  from  the  north-ea^t.  From 
2.30  till  a  quarter  to  3  p.m.  our  path  was  a  very  rough  one,  often  over  loose  stones, 
and  round  the  abrupt  edges  of  spurs,  full  of  ups  and  downs.  Halted  for  5  minutes 
at  a  quarter  to  3  p.m.,  and  then  proceeded  E.S.E.,  and  directly  afterwards  I  saw  the 
Brahmaputra  coming  down  a  good  long  reach  from  south-east  by  south,  and  at 
3  p.m.  we  came  right  out  on  to  it  and  saw  another  cane  bridge.  Biver  about 
70  yards  wide.  Recently  cultivated  khets  to  be  seen  all  about  on  both  sides  of  it. 
Then  ascending  for  200  feet  up  a  steep  and  very  broken  path,  we  i>assed  a  small 
mountain  stream  coming  down  from  the  north-east,  and  soon  afterwards  one  of  con- 
siderable size  called  Tint,  coming  down  from  the  south  and  running  into  the 
Brahmaputra  on  its  left  bank.  After  halting  for  10  minutes  on  top  of  a  spur,  we 
proceeded  at  3.30  p.m.  in  an  east- south-easterly  direction  till  10  minutes  to  4  p.m., 
when  we  came  upon  an  open  plateau,  again  just  above  the  Brahmaputra,  which  is 
here  running  from  the  south-east,  the  hills  on  this  bank  gently  undulating,  those  on 
left  bank  steep.  At  8  minutes  to  4  p.m.  we  descended  a  steep  and  rugged  path  and 
came  out  upon  a  lovely  little  sandy  bay  known  by  the  name  of  Harangt  (very 
similar  to,  only  smaller  than,  the  one  at  N&r4,  where  we  camped  on  the  21st  instant), 
close  alongside  the  Brahmaputra,  elevation  1250  feet,  and  1  pitched  camp  there.  I 
calculate  the  distance  marched  to-day  at  12  miles^  the  best  march  we  have  as  yet 


63A  Mli,  J.  F.  NEEDHAJrS  JOUKNEV 

made  siace  'vre-ciime  into  tlio  liilU.  The  p.ith  n-as,  oq  the  whole,  good,  but  diffienlt 
(except  for  MiahmiB)  in  ptncpa.  It  would  Lnve  been  impoasible  to  hare  maile  as 
good  a  mnrch  with  DowHoydS,  even  had  they  been  carrying  lialf  the  loads,  Thtrt 
is  a  rapid  just  opposite  our  cnrap,  and  the  water  ia  niahiog  ao  furiously  over  it  as  lo 
cftiiae  quite  a  Biuall  sea.  Bmhrnapnlrn  running  from  east  by  Bouih  just  aboTe  our 
camp,  but  turiiiog  to  south-oaat  by  south  for  a  good  long  reach  after  passing  [L 

Satyrday,  December  2fi(i, — Up  at  6.30  a.m.  Thonnonieter  registered  iJ". 
Got  a  fine  view  of  the  snows  bearing  S.8.B.  Left  camp  at  9  a.m.,  and  prooeoding 
aouth-eoat  by  aoulh  for  a  couple  of  hundred  yarda  or  so  over  huge  boulders  dcaa  to 
the  Brahmaputra,  we  left  the  river,  and  ]T0cee<1ing  to  a  point  or  two  more  eosterlr, 
we  came  upon  a  plateau,  and  continued  for  a  qanrter  of  a  mile  along  n  good  pith, 
though  it  was  jungly  ia  places.  After  this,  descending  a  few  feet,  we  came  npon  a 
good  large  riTer,  called  the  01,  ninning  down  from  the  E.N.E  into  the  Brahmaputra. 
After  crossing  the  01  (at  an  elevation  of  1250  feet),  which  is  fordahle  at  prescDt,  wc 
proceeded  for  a  short  distance  a  little  sonth  of  south-east,  and  after  crossing  the  dry 
bed  of  a  hill  stream  coming  down  -when  in  flood  from  the  snuth-enrt,  we  arrived 
half  an  hour  after  leaviog  camp  nt  a  path  leading  to  the  eastward  to  the  Fr&ngfi  bill, 
upon  which  Tft^gruson  vfHage  stands,  and  I  halted  there  to  enable  the  villagera  to 
bring  UB  supplies. 

I  sent  off  a  man  ytsterday  evening,  immediately  after  I  had  pitched  my  camp,  lo 
inform  the  villagers  of  my  arrival ;  aud  consequently  very  soon  after  our  arrival  n( 
the  path  alluded  lo,  TAggrUaon's  wife  [he  ia  awny  at  ItimS  purchasing  csttk') 
appeared.  She  brought  down  a  small  pi^',  which  was  immediately  killed,  singed, 
nnd  cut  up,  it  being  the  easiest  way  of  carrying  it,  three  small  fowls  (which  were 
very  acce])table,  na  we  had  been  ealiug  nolhiog  but  pig  for  some  time  post),  aud  a 
luauad  or  so  of  rice.  She  also  brought  down  a  large  quantity  of  fermented  Pobosa, 
nnd  a  fire  having  been  kindled,  siie  proceeded  to  make  "  mad,"  which  every  one 
(excepting  myseU  and  Moleswoi  ih)  appeared  iboronghly  to  enjoy. 

I  noticed  some  veiy  Burmese-looking  faces  among  the  women  of  this  village,  hnt 
in  other  leapects  there  is  nothing  to  distinguish  Ihcm  from  the  DigAros.  Marty  oF 
the  women  were  wearing  the  tyjiieal  Asanraese  silver  Kenthfl  so  afTected  by  Wirii 
and  Abora.  A  great  many  of  the  large  rings  worn  in  the  top  cartilage  of  the  ear 
are  silver,  and  many  women  were  wearing  heavy  ailver  KirQs.  1  have  seen  very 
few  cases  of  goitre  in  these  hills  lo  date,  nod  none  of  an  abnormal  size.  Ophthalmia 
loo  does  not  opjiear  to  bo  n  prevalent  disease,  thou;;h  squints  are  very  common.  The 
women  are  not  nearly  as  strong-look  ins  as  the  Abors,  and  far  less  demonstrative. 

Leaving  at  20  minutes  to  12  a.m.,  we  proceeded  in  a  south  east  by  aonth  direc- 
tion, and  crossing  the  dry  bed.s  of  two  hill  streams  JDst  after  leaving  the  village,  onr 
path  lay  throiigh  a  numlwr  of  recently  coltivateil  kliets,  and  abont  a  quarter  of  an 
hour  afteiwiirds  wc  crossed  another  dry  hill  stream,  which  when  in  flood  runs  down 
(like  the  first  two)  into  the  Bmhmaputra  from  the  eastward.  Half  an  hour  after 
leaving  the  p^ith  where  we  ha.1  halted  so  long  we  descended  to  the  Brahmainilra, 
and  we  walked  over  boulders  for  a  bit.  Chow«&  showed  me  a  hill  on  the  left^hmt 
down  which  Cooper  marched  in  IiSTO.  The  Brahmaputra  is  running  down  from  th* 
south-east.  Bud  is  not  more  thim  40  yards  acroM  in  places.  There  is  a  cane  briOsn 
across  it  here.  We  halted  fur  half  an  hour  (elevation  1400  feel)  lo  lunch.  After 
lunch  we  left  the  Brahmaputra  and  ascended  some  200  feet  into  the  jungle  to  clear 
a  mass  of  overhanging  rock,  and  wo  kept  in  a  south-easterly  direction  for  the  fift 
100  yards  or  so  along  a  very  broken  and  bad  path,  but  afterwards  along  a  tolerably 
good,  though  jungly  one.  At  1.20  p.m.  crossed  two  small  hill  etreamia  dooe  to- 
gether, running  down  from  the  F.NlB.  into  the  Brahmaputra  (general  direction  ainw 
lunch  south-east).    Halted  here  for  10  minutes,  then  continuing  again  at  1.30  pm^ 


ALONG  raE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  625 

we  passed  a  small  stream  five  minutes  aftei-wards  running  down  from  the  southward 
into  the  Brahmaputra  on  its  left  bank.  The  path  from  1 .  30  to  a  quarter  to  2  p.m. 
was  very  winding  up  and  down,  and  stony,  which  made  progress  very  slow.  / 1 
this  time  we  came  riglit  out  on  to  the  Brahmaputra  again,  which  is  not  more  than 
30  yards  wide  in  places.    General  direction  to  this  south-east. 

At  2.15  p.m.  we  were  still  proceeding  in  a  south-easterly  direction, and  we  came 
upon  a  long  stretch  of  flat  country  about  half  a  mile  long,  most  of  which  has  been 
recently  cultivated.  It  was,  however,  jungly  in  places.  I  saw  a  good  many  more 
opium-fields  here,  and  I  noticed  again  that  the  rubbish  taken  off  the  same  had  been 
thrown  on  one  side,  instead  of  having  been  burnt  and  worked  into  the  soil.  1  he 
long  grass  which  originally  grew  on  the  fields  had  apparently  been  burnt,  and  the 
roots  having  been  pulled  up  by  means  of  a  piece  of  stick  with  a  hook  to  it  (the 
ground  is  all  very  sandy,  and  so  not  very  hard)  had  been  thrown  on  one  side.  Tha 
hills  on  both  sides  of  the  Brahmaputra  still  show  signs  of  having  been  recently 
cultivated.  Soon  after  leaving  this  long  stretch  of  flat  country  behind  us  we  crossed 
a  small  hill  spring  called  T&k&n6n,  running  down  into  the  Brahmaputra  from  the 
north-east.  After  this,  ascending  about  100  feet  up  a  steep  zigzag  path  a  point  or 
80  east  of  south-east,  we  crossed  a  spur  and  came  upon  more  recently  cultivated 
country,  elevation  1700  feet,  on  a  gently  sloping  hill,  about  half  a  mile  long.  There 
is  a  MijCi  village  just  above,  but  not  in  sight,  and  no  one  could  give  me  its  name. 
We  could  see  the  Brahmaputra  from  this  spot,  coming  doAvn  from  a  point  or  two 
further  to  the  eastward.  After  leaving  the  recently  cultivated  country  alluded  to, 
we  turned  a  point  or  so  east  of  south-cast,  and  went  over  some  uneven  and  stony 
ground,  the  path  sometimes  ascending,  at  othei-s  descending  and  running  through 
thick  Me^l&bOn,  terribly  tangled  overhead,  and  at  3  p.m.,  after  turning  suddenly  to 
east,  we  descended  100  feet  or  so,  and  crossed  a  small  hill  stream  (easily  fordable 
now),  called  the  H&long,  coming  down  from  the  north- east  to  east,  and  falling  into  the 
Brahmaputra.  After  crossing  the  H&long  we  ascended  the  left  bank  for  some  200  feet 
up  a  steep  path,  and  then  proceeding  south-tast  by  south,  we  passed  a  good-sized  hill 
stream  called  the  Tonw&n,  coming  down  south  by  west,  and  falling  into  the  Brahma- 
putra on  its  left  bank.  Then  turning  to  the  north-east  to  turn  a  spur  coming  down 
into  the  Brahmaputra,  our  path  wound  about  over  very  broken  ground  for  a  short  time 
until  we  again  emerged  uiK)n  another  fairly  large  patch  of  recently  cultivated  country 
on  the  sloj)e  of  a  steepish  spur  coming  down  into  the  Brahmaputra.  After  winding 
round  this  spur  and  crossing  a  small  hill  spring  running  down  from  the  north-east 
over  hard  rock  and  forming  a  small  waterfall,  I  camped  at  3.35  p.m.  in  a  vilely 
uneven  and  jungly  spot,  as  the  Mishmis  declared  that  there  is  no  water  on  ahead 
that  we  could  reach  before  dark.  Elevation  1900  feet.  We  saw  the  snow  which 
was  visible  before  leaving  camp  this  morning  nearly  all  day  long.  We  were  marching 
for  four  hours  only  to-day,  exclusive  of  halts,  and  I  reckon  we  did  about  eight  miles. 
General  direction  south-east. 

Sunday,  December  27th, — Up  very  early.  We  could  not  pitch  a  tent  last  night, 
owing  to  the  unevenness  of  the  ground,  and  so  passed  a  somewhat  disagreeable  night. 
After  eveiything  had  been  packed  ready  for  a  start  I  wrote  a  letter  to  the  Deputy 
Commissioner,  telling  him  of  my  movements  since  leaving  TfikMong's  village,  and  I 
got  two  Mishmis  to  carry  it  into  Sadiya  for  10  rnpees  and  one  tin  of  powder  each, 
and  a  promise  of  a  little  rice  and  salt  on  arriving  there.  I  left  camp  at  9.20  a.m., 
and  proceeding  in  an  cast-south-easterly  (turning  sometimes  a  little  more  east,  at 
others  a  little  more  south)  direction  for  an  hour,  we  passed  a  cane  bridge  across  the 
Brahmaputra  soon  afterwards,  and  then  a  small  hill  stream  coming  down  from  the 
north-east.  The  path  to  this  point  was  very  bad,  being  terribly  up  and  down,  and 
in  one  spot  it  took  us  across  the  edge  of  an  almost  perpendicular  rock  with  nothing 


626  MR.  J.  F.  NEEDHAM'S  JOfKKElT 

but  &  few  little  niches  for  oac'a  toes  to  rest  npoti,  and  wicli  a  yawDtog  cavern  1 
to  receive  one  in  tha  event  of  a  Sa\se  step  or  a  slip  being  made.  The  c 
Miebmi  cattle  path  is  sonic  dislauce  above  it.  At  8  minutes  past  10  a. 
ADotlier  amaJl  bill  spring,  trickling  down  from  the  Dortbwar<l.  After  crossing  tt 
■priug  our  palli  turned  a  little  more  to  the  eaatwaxd,  and  we  passed  another  tripling 
bill  siream  not  very  far  from  the  lost  one.  At  10. 23  we  came  out  into  aonie  Opium 
fields  and  saw  the  Brahmaputra  just  bclutv,  coming  down  a  good  long  reach  from  the 
eastward.  Our  path  bad  been  very  stony,  up  and  down,  and  jungly,  from  where  n-e 
camiied  last  njght  up  to  this  point. 

ChowI^S  again  pointed  to  a  hill  cLllcd  E&lom,  on  the  left  bunk,  as  the  one  along 
which  Cooper  marched  in  1870,  There  is  a  little  snow  to  be  seen  on  a.  hill  bearing 
W.S.W.,  and  another  thickly  clad  pfak,  with  largo  masBes  of  snow  in  the  gorge*, 
bearing  east  by  north,  and  a  beantifullj  cold  wind  is  coming  down  from  it.  Balled 
for  10  minutes  to  enjoy  tha  view.  The  several  ipurs  on  botii  sidea  of  the  Braluna- 
putra  lo  be  seen  from  this  spot  show  signs  of  having  been  recently  cultivated,  but 
there  are  no  villiigea  in  sight. 

At  10.30  a,m.,  continuing  our  journey  in  an  east-south-easlerly  direction,  we 
descended  some  TOO  feet  down  a  good  path,  though  the  first  ]>urtion  of  it  was  over- 
grown with  MS^l&b6n,  and  at  II  a.m.  we  passed  another  cane  bridge  across  liic 
Brahmaputra  right  op]X)Gi1e  n  hill  stream  called  the  Ch&t!  *  running  down  from 
the  south  into  tlie  Brahmaputra  on  its  left  bank.  Saw  more  snow-clad  bills  (o 
E.N.E.  Our  patb  from  10.25  a.m.  up  to  this  a]K)t  lay  close  alongside  the  Brobma- 
pntrs.  At  11,26  a.m.  I  halted  at  an  elevation  of  1300  feet  for  three-quarters  of  on 
hour,  just  under  the  Mijfl  village  of  Tilft,  which  is  on  the  Mon  Hill,  bearing  north. 
HM.  Erick  and  Boury  went  to  Rinift  by  this  route. 

Leaving  again  at  12.10  p.m.,  we  commanced  proceeding  east  by  Bouth,  but  soon 
turned  sharp  round  to  the  N.N.W.,  and  crossed  the  almost  dry  bed  of  a  lar^  tiill- 
8treiun  called  the  Kalan,  wbieli  oumes  down  whan  in  flood  from  the  north-west, 
after  which  we  turned  again  lo  south-east,  thtu  to  east,  and  subsequently  to  north- 
east, and  ascended  some  900  feet  up  a  winding  and  at  first  a  steep  path.  Then 
proceeding  east  by  north  we  passed  a  large  hill  stream  nwhing  down  from  8.8.E., 
evidently  from  the  snow-clad  peaks  to  be  seen  ia  that  direction,  and  falling  into  the 
BraLmaputra  on  its  left  bank,  after  which  we  turned  again  to  Boutb-east,  thm  to 
east,  and  subijeijucntly  to  noith,  und  soon  afterwords  turning  lo  the  nortb-east  and 
tb*n  lo  north,  wo  crossed  the  dry  bed  of  u  hill  stream,  coming  down  when  in  Bowl 
from  the  north. 

After  this  our  path  turned  again  to  the  north-east,  and  Ihen  to  east  and  aouth- 
east,  and  we  descended  900  feet  and  crossed  a  large  hill  stream  at  an  elevation  of 
1300  feet,  called  the  Hulai,  running  dowu  very  strongly  from  the  north-east  from 
afar,  but  from  tbe  northward  a  faw  hundred  yards  ur  so  before  it  empties  itself  into 
the  Brahmaputra,  It  Is  not  fordable  even  at  this  time  of  the  year.  We  crossed 
it  by  means  of  a  slight  wooden  bridge,  wilh  railings  lo  it,  and  there  is  a  «ine  bridge 
across  it  a  few  fact  below  the  wooden  bridge.  The  hillii  on  the  light  bank 
of  the  Halai,  where  we  crossed  it,  are  very  steep,  hence  our  having  to  turn  in  a  notih- 
easterly  and  northerly  direction  and  proceed  some  distance  ere  we  descendi^d  to  it. 

Just  before  descending  to  the  Halai  we  passed  throngh  a  large  recently  culti- 
vated Khet,  full  of  large  felled  unbumt  trees,  wLicli  made  the  going,  especially  for 
ladtn  men,  very  difficult.  It  was  10  past  1  p.m.  when  we  crossed  the  Halai,  that 
is,  one  hour  fiom  the  spot  wheie  we  had  lunched,  distance  2}  miles.  Just  below 
the  bridge  which  we  crossed  it  on,  the  river  (Hidai)  turns  sharp  to  the  westwwl 
0  many  of  the  names  of  the  rivers  in  thcjr 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  527 

for  a  few  yardsy  and  then  sharp  round  to  8oath»  before  it  falls  into  the  Brahma- 
putra. I  halted  here  25  minutes  for  Ghowsft,  who  stayed  behind  to  eat.  There  are 
a  large  number  of  pine  trees  growing  close  down  to  the  Halai  on  its  left  bank. 
This  is  the  first  day  we  have  seen  any.  The  first  were  visible  just  after  we  passed 
Matshonshft  village.  There  are  numerous  Mfjd  hamlets  up  the  gorge  of  the  Halai, 
but  the  people  inhabiting  them  are  all  poorly  off,  and  no  Mijd  of  any  influence  lives 
amongst  them.  These  hamlets  do  not  extend  beyond  a  day's  journey  or  so  from 
this  spot  After  crossing  the  Halai  we  ascended  in  a  south-by-east  direction  some 
800  feet  up  the  side  of  a  spur  running  parallel  with  its  left  bank  through  tree 
jangle,  and  on  reaching  tbe  top  of  it  we  continued  for  ten  minutes  or  so  E.S.E.  along 
a  level  path,  and  then  crossed  a  hill  stream  called  tbe  Nftmt!  running  down  freely 
from  N.N.E.,  after  which  our  path  became  winding  for  a  bit,  when  we  came  on  to  a 
beautifully  level  plateau,  and  we  continued  along  it  in  an  east-south-easterly  (varying 
occasionally  a  point  or  so  one  way  or  the  other)  direction  till  20  to  3  pim.,  when  we 
saw  the  Brahmaputra  coming  down  from  a  similar  direction.  Just  about  this  time 
we  saw  a  beautiful  waterfall  above  the  Brahmaputra  on  its  left  bank.  The  hills  are 
all  covered  with  pines  and  hill  oaks  from  the  Halai  to  this  spot.  After  this, 
descending  a  bit,  our  path  lay  round  the  edges  of  the  neighbouring  hills  till  3  p.m., 
when  my  aneroid  registered  the  height  1900  feet,  and  we  halted  for  10  minutes 
among  a  lot  of  wild  lime  trees,  some  of  the  fruit  of  which  every  one  picked  and  ate. 
They  had  but  little  juice  in  them,  but  were  otherwise  not  bad  for  jungle  limes* 
After  leaving  the  vicinity  of  the  lime  trees,  we  crossed  the  dry  bed  of  a  hill  stream 
which,  when  in  flood,  comes  down  from  the  north,  and  continuiog  in  a  winding 
direction,  we  descended  another  100  feet  or  so,  at  3 .  30  p.m.  I  pitched  camp  on  a 
tolerably  level  spot  alongside  of  a  small  running  stream.    Elevation  1800  feet. 

There  is  a  liljii  village  on  a  hill  called  Mding,  which  is  to  the  north,  above  us. 
The  village  b  said  to  be  a  very  large  one,  and  the  headman's  name  is  Gongshft.  He 
is  of  the  Nft!  clan.  We  were  marching  for  five  hours  to-day,  exclusive  of  halts,  and 
I  reckon  we  did  about  10  miles.  General  direction  E.S.E.  In  the  evening  I  tried 
to  get  MftktLson  to  give  me  the  names  of  the  Mijd  villages  on  this  bank  of  the 
Brahmaputra  from  the  M'daun  river  eastwards,  but  he  declared  that  he  could  not  do 
60.  He  merely  said,  '*  There  are  a  great  many  villages,  or  rather  hamlets,  along  both 
banks  of  the  Brahmaputra,  as  also  up  the  gorges  of  the  large  rivers  which  run  down 
from  the  north  and  southward."  The  names  of  the  chief  Mtjii  clans  are : — Lftp&, 
Prdn,  Manlo,  Nftt  (a  very  numerous  one),  Sftmld,  Hftgon,  Tdwft,  Bd,  Tumbld. 

Monday^  2Sth  December, — Up  at  daylight  Thermometer  registered  47^  at 
7.30  a.m.  Lovely  morning.  We  have  been  exceptionally  lucky  in  our  weather 
since  we  left  Sediya,  having  had  rain  twice  only. 

I  noticed  some  very  Burmese-looking  faces  again  among  the  women  of  this  village. 
It  is  wonderful  how  uninquisitive  every  one  is.  People  pf  both  sexes  of  course  prowl 
about  examining  things,  but  not  in  the  monkey-like  manner  of  the  Abors  or 
Chulikattas.  We  left  camp  about  8.30  a.m.,  and  proceeding  in  an  cast-south- 
easterly direction,  descended  to  within  a  few  feet  of  the  Brahmaputra.  Grossed  a 
hill  stream  running  down  strongly  from  the  north-east  (could  not  get  the  name). 
Soon  aftenvards  turning  north-east  by  north,  we  ascended  some  50  feet  or  so,  and 
proceeding  a  little  more  easterly,  we  descended  a  few  feet,  and  the  path  running 
close  alongside  the  Brahmaputra,  which  is  not  more  than  30  yards  wide  in  places, 
turned  E.S.K  At  9.15  passed  a  cane  bridge  across  the  Brahmaputra  and  halted 
10  minutes.  The  path  up  to  this  time  was  very  broken,  stony,  and  uneven, 
Brahmaputra  running  from  south-cast  just  here.  Saw  a  lot  of  flue  mithon  belongiog 
to  Gdngshft  village,  also  some  fine  hybrids  (cross  between  a  H&mft  cow  and  a  bull 
mithon,  I  was  told). 

VOL.  II.  2   M 


L 


SaS  MR.  J.  F.  NEEDHAM'S  JOURSEV 

Continuing  agnio  at  9,25  a.m.,  we  soon  aflcmards  came  upon  a  tolenbtjr  lerel 
piece  of  recently  cultivated  country,  covered  however  witb  rocks,  some  of  which  ate 
of  Urge  size.  Geneml  direction  till  10,10  a.m.  K.S.E.,  after  which  we  taroed  a 
little  more  esBterly,  and  passed  a  bill  stream  coming  down  from  the  Dorthward,  and 
at  10.20  another  small  oae,  called  the  KrAng,  descending  fcooi  tLe  north-east 
(elevation  1700  feet).  Path  conlinucd  stony  and  uneven  t«  this.  It  is  also  very 
hodly  defined,  for,  being  a  new  one,  it  has  not  yet  been  properly  troddeD.  Genen) 
direction  to  this  cast  by  south,  di si ancc  about  two  miles.  At  25  minates  to  11  ua. 
my  aneriod  registered  the  height  at  1800  feet,  but  wc  soou  afterwards  descended  for 
some  100  feet,  agaiti  dawn  a  very  steep  patli,  in  a  soutb-south-eaiterty  direction 
(Brahmaputra  runuing  down  from  a  Bimilar  direction).  Then  we  ascended  100  fact 
or  so  again  (my  aneroid  registering  1800  feet),  but  immediately  afterwards  descend' 
iug  50  feet  or  so,  we  camu  njion  a  tolerably  good  iiath,  though  very  up  and  dowu 
here  and  there,  and  overgrown  with  MeglftbOo  in  places,  miming  E.S.B.,  and 
Bometiines  east  and  N.N.E.  We  continued  along  this  middling  path  till  II  .5  bjd., 
when  I  halted  for  five  minutes.  Elevation  1800  feet.  Saw  snow  (apparently  the 
same  which  we  saw  yesterday)  pretty  close  to  m  and  bearing  E.8.B.  The  hills  are 
all  covered  with  piucs,  and  recently  cultivated  khets  are  to  be  seen  everywhere  on 
both  sides  of  the  Brahmaputra. 

Continuing  our  journey  again  at  11 ,  10  s.m.,  we  descendeil  a  few  feet  in  an  east- 
north-easterly  direction,  and  paesed  through  a  recently  cullirated  khet.  full  of 
fallen  trees.  Path  Tery  bad,  being  over  large  rocks.  At  11.20  a.R).  1  baited  at  a 
tioe  largo  hill  stream  called  the  Si,  rumung  down  into  the  Brahmaputra  (which 
is  some  little  distance  to  the  S.S.W.  below  us)  from  the  north-east,  for  30  minutes 
lo  lunch.  Wo  bad  no  difficulty  in  crossing  the  S&  by  jumping  from  boulder  to 
boulder.  Elevation  1850  feet,  where  we  lunched.  Starting  again  at  11.50  a.m.,  we 
iiscended  some  300  feet  or  so  in  a  south-cast  by  south  direction,  aud  then  lurniug 
more  to  the  eastward  we  continued  along  a  rough,  winding,  and  jtingly  paili  till 
12.25  p.m.,  when  ray  aneroid  registered  1900  feet,  and  wo  looked  right  down  into 
the  Br^maputra,  running  from  E.S.E.,  which  tunia  to  south-west  and  south  a  Utile 
below.  Our  path  since  lundi-time  was  very  bad  in  places  and  it  wound  about  in 
order  to  turn  the  several  spurs  abutting  on  the  Brahmaputra  to  the  south-west  of  us. 
After  this,  descending  100  feet  or  so  down  a  nasty  and  somewhat  dangerous  path 
for  ixirtcrs,  we  came  right  out  on  to  the  Brahmaputra  (elevation  1700  feet)  and 
proceeded  for  a  short  time  over  boulders  in  an  east-south-easterly  direction.  At 
a  quarter  to  1  p.m.  we  crossed  a  large  hill  stream  called  the  Chiia,  coming  down 
from  the  north-oast,  and  emptying  itself  into  the  Brahmaputra,  which  ii  not 
more  than  20  yards  wide  in  some  places,  where  it  runs  straight,  and  I  halted  for 
10  minutes. 

Then,  continuing  again  at  five  minutes  to  1  p.m.,  we  left  the  Brahmaputra,  irn) 
proceeding  in  an  east-south-easterly  direction  for  a  few  yards,  we  turned  gradually  to 
S.S,E.,  and  descending  to  the  Brahmaputra  again,  we  proceeded  over  boulders  and 
rocks  once  more,  and  at  ten  minutes  past  1p.m.,  after  crossing  two  small  hill  streAnii' 
running  down  into  the  Brahmaputra  from  the  eastward  (elevation  1800  feet),  I  halted 
10  minutes.  Then  at  1,20  p.im,  Icaviug  the  Brahmaputra,  we  ascended  in  a  south- 
east by  south  direction  some  100  feet  or  so,  and  at  1.35  p.m,  crossed  a  small  hill 
stream  trickling  donn  from  the  north-east  into  the  Brabmapntro,  and  saw  another 
cane  bridge  over  the  Brahmaputra  soou  afterwards.  Froml.20pjn.  up  tn  this  time 
(1.35  p.m.)  our  path  was  very  winding,  up  and  do nn,  and  stony,  Qeneral  direction 
between  south  and  south-east.  The  Brahmaputra  is  running  from  E.S.E,  jual  bdlow 
the  cane  bridge  alluded  to.  At  eight  minutes  to  2  it-m.  we  crossed  another  stuill 
hill  stream  coming  down  into  the  Brahmaputra  bom  the  east  of  north-east.    Path 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  629 

still  bad,  being  yerj  UDeven  and  jungly.  Halted  eight  minates.  Elevation  1900  feet. 
Brahmaputra  running  from  S.S.E. 

At  2  p.m.,  continuing  our  journey  in  a  south-south-easteiiy  direction,  varying 
every  now  and  then  a  point  or  so  either  way,  we  proceeded  just  above,  and  almost 
parallel  with  the  Brahmaputra  till  2.15  pjn.,  up  to  which  time  the  path  was  still 
stony,  rough,  and  in  places  jungly.  Saw  two  small  streams  close  together,  one  called 
the  Wat!  and  the  other  the  Sumjt,  running  down  from  south-west  by  west  into  the 
Brahmaputra  on  its  left  bank.  Halted  just  oppoute  them  for  five  minutes,  after 
which,  at  2.20  p.m.,  we  proceeded  over  the  Brahmaputra  boulders  till  2.30  p.m., 
when  we  left  the  river,  and  ascending  in  an  east-south-easterly  direction  for  a  short 
time,  we  turned  due  east,  owing  to  a  rocky  hill  coming  down  perpendicularly  into 
the  Brahmaputra.  The  path  from  2.80  till  a  quarter  to  3  p.m.  was  as  bad  as  it 
could  possibly  be,  being  terribly  up  and  down,  stony,  and  jungly. 

At  a  quarter  to  3  p.m.  we  emerged  into  the  Brahmaputra  again  (elevation 
1700  feet),  and  proceeded  over  boulders  in  a  south-east  by  east  direction  (river 
flowing  fhnn  a  similar  direction)  till  25  minutes  to  4  p.m.,  when  we  left  the  river, 
and  ascending  in  an  easterly  direction  an  extremely  imeven,  stony,  jungly,  and  badly 
defined  path*  turned  to  north-east  and  then  back  to  south-east,  and  at  4.10  p.m.  we 
came  upon  a  narrow  pece  of  fiat  country  a  few  feet  above  the  Brahmaputra,  which 
is  running  east  by  north  0ust  below  this  it  runs  away  due  west,  and  just  above  us 
it  is  coming  down  from  the  south-east),  and  I  pitched  camp  there.  The  spot  is 
known  by  the  name  of  Phing,  and  the  elevation  is  1850  feet.  Chowsft  asked  me  to 
halt  here  to-day,  in  order  that  I  might  interview  Tonson,  who  is  a  brother  of  Bdson, 
deceased  (the  chief  alluded  to  at  page  243  of  Cooper's  book  <  The  Mishmi  Hills '), 
and  a  man  of  great  influence  in  these  parts.  We  were  marching  for  61  hours  to-day, 
exclusive  of  halts,  and  we  did  about  12  miles.  General  direction  E.S.E.  It  was,  in 
my  q{dni<«,  the  hardest  march  we  have  yet  had.  We  are  a  little  to  the  eastward  of 
Tonsonz's  Tillage,  marked  on  the  map  as  Prun,  which  is,  by-tho-bye,  the  name  of  one 
of  the  Mtjii  dans.  Gooper*s  farthest!  We  could  see  the  village,  which  is  said  to 
have  thirty  houses  in  it,  while  proceeding  along  the  boulders  of  the  Brahmaputra  at 
8  pJB^  but  we  cannot  see  it  from  where  we  are  now.  Two  of  Tonsong's  nephews 
came  into  camp  soon  after  we  arrived  here,  and  stated  that  Tonsong,  who  is  said  to 
be  very  ill,  and  to  have  been  unable  to  move  for  some  time  past,  had  sent  them 
down  to  try  and  dissuade  me  from  proceeding  to  Rimft.  The  arguments  they  used 
were  in  substance  that  the  Rimft  officials  object  very  much  to  strangers  entering 
their  country ;  that  they  clare  not,  in  fact,  let  any  into  Rimft,  as  the  Lhassa  Raja  has 
prohibited  their  doing  so ;  that  consequently,  if  I  insist  on  proceeding  there,  I  shall 
be  intuited  and  most  certainly  turned  back  as  soon  as  my  presence  is  discovered ; 
that  Tonsong,  for  the  above  reasons,  is  most  anxious  to  prevent  my  proceeding  there, 
if  for  no  other  reasons  than  that  he  will  be  blamed  for  not  having  stopped  me. 

In  reply  to  this  I  said  that  I  thought  it  was  impossible  for  Tonsong  to  say,  with 
any  degree  of  certainty,  how  the  Rimft  officials  would  receive  me ;  that  I  was  most 
anxious  to  go  there,  and  that  I  would  run  the  risk  of  getting  an  unwelcome  recep- 
tion ;  and  as  Chowsft  had  a  long  talk  with  Tonsong's  two  nephews  after  this,  and  no 
doubt  explained  that  Tonsong  would  get  a  good  present  if  he  placed  no  obstacles  in 
my  way,  bat  permitted  me  to  proceed  to  Rim&  and  take  my  chance  of  being  well 
or  otherwise  received,  they  intimated  that  they  would  return  to  their  village  and  tell 
Tonsong  what  I  had  said,  and  would  visit  me  again  on  the  morrow  at  a  spot  some 
litde  distance  to  the  eastward  of  this,  where  it  was  arranged  I  should  move  to  in  the 
morning,  as  the  only  water  available  here  has  to  be  got  with  much  difficulty,  on 
account  of  the  boulders,  from  the  Brahmaputra.  It  was  quite  dark  when  Tonsong's 
nephews  left  my  camp  to  return  home. 

2  M  2 


530  MH.  J.  F.  NEEDlIAJ-rs  JOUKSEV 

TuenJay,  OewmBor 29(A,  — Thermometer  63°  Bt  6.30  a.m.  tliis  moroing  inavciT 
shellered  apot.  On  leaving  camp  we  [irocecdid  fast  by  soutli  niong  an  uneven  aui] 
stony  path,  pnrallel  to,  but  a  little  above  the  Brahmapatra,  for  five  minutes  or  so, 
and  then  descewlisg  to  the  river,  we  continued  over  boulders  till  25  minutes  to 
10  a.m.,  when  we  passed  a  suspesaion  bridge  acrosB  Ihe  Brahmaputra  quite  diSertnt 
from  any  I  have  yet  seen.  It  consista  of  three  three-Blranded  bamboo  ropen,  each 
about  an  inch  in  diameter,  twisted  beautifully  together,  the  whi'le  fonning  a  nnall 
hawser  some  three  inches  or  more  in  diameter,  whicli,  I  am  toli),  is  very  strong  and 
durable,  Aa  far  as  I  could  judge  nfier  eiamining  the  rope  carefully,  it  ia  made  up 
of  the  tough  outiude  part  of  the  bafnboo  only,  so  that  a  very  large  number  would  be 
required  to  make  a  bridge,  and  the  work  of  twisting  must  be  very  laborioiu.  This 
particular  bridge  is  nearly,  if  not  quite,  200  yards  long.  It  has  a  stage  or  plalforni 
to  take  off  from  or  land  on,  but  there  are  no  hoops  atiacheii  to  the  hawnr,  ao  I  have 
yet  to  learn  how  the  crossing  is  effected.  I  halted  liort>  seven  minutes.  Tha  Brahma- 
putra makes  a  small  letter  i,  just  above  the  bridge,  coming  down  from  NJfJl, 
then  east  by  south,  and  then  from  south  and  W.S.W.  Leaving  the  Brahmaputra  again 
at  18  minutes  to  10  a.m.,  we  ascended  in  n  north-east  turning  to  easterly  direction 
100  feet,  up  a  very  steep  and  difHcult  path,  and  then  turning  tosoulb-ea«t  bytoatb, 
got  on  to  a  tolerably  level  bit  of  country,  and  the  path  ran  through  some  recently 
coltivsted  khota,  in  which  I  pitched  camp  at  10a.m.  (elevation  1850  feel).  I  reckon 
the  distance  from  our  last  camp  at  two  milea  only.  The  name  of  the  place  in  which 
our  camp  is  pitched  is  Chunggum,  and  the  land  is  cultivated  by  Tnnson's  [^ople. 
The  Brahmaputra  Is  some  di!<tnDce  belotv  us,  and  is  flowing  from  nearly  due  east  lo 
the  westward  down  a  fairly  long  reach.  In  the  afternoon  large  ntmibeta  of  MijiU 
from  TonsoDg's  village  came  Into  camp. 

Wednttdat/,  December  SOth. — Up  at  daylight  and  found  it  ([HtliDg  with  rata. 
We  also  had  a  little  during  the  night.  Thermometer  registered  62°  at  7  a.oi.  I  saw 
a  beautifully  soft,  and  well  twisted,  throc-stronded  rope,  about  half  an  inch  in 
diameter  in  the  middle,  but  tapering  away  at  both  ends,  this  morning.  It  looks 
exactly  like  camel's  hair,  aud  feels  like  it  too  when  handled,  and  It  is  made  of  stuff 
called  chikok  by  the  MijQa.  It  is  n  very  fibrous  creeper  1  believe.  This  rope  is,  I 
am  told,  very  strong  and  tough,  aud  it  is  said  to  last  a  long  white,  and  fnotn  the  look 
of  it  I  can  well  believe  that  this  is  so.  It  is  used  to  cross  the  bamboo-made  bawscr 
bridges  alluded  to  in  yesterday's  diary.  The  following  descriptlou  will  illoatnte 
how  the  crossing  is  effected  on  these  bridges.  The  bight  of  the  rope  having  been 
passed  through  a  wooden  eye  mode  on  the  top  of  a  piece  of  very  hard  wood,  about 
eight  inches  long,  and  six  inches  ia  diameter,  with  a  slut  in  it  of  sufficient  siie  for 
the  bamboo-made  hawser  to  rest  firmly  in  it,  the  two  ends  are  passed  through  the 
bight  and  are  made  to  hang  down,  one  on  each  side  of  the  pieco  of  wood  with  a  slot 
in  it.  The  slot  In  the  latter  is  then  placed  on  lop  of  the  bamboo-made  hawser  and 
the  two  ends  of  the  ro[>e  having  been  picked  up  from  underneath  (the  bamboo-made 
hawser),  they  are  passed  round  the  rump  of  the  person  wishing  to  crocs  the  river, 
and  both  hnving  then  been  brought  up  again  tightly  to  the  eye  on  the  piece  of  wood 
with  a  slot,  they  are  twisted  carefully  and  then  knotted  in  a  peculiar  way,  so  as  to 
leave  a  bight  large  enough  to  go  over  tho  person's  head  and  rest  on  the  nape  of  his 
or  her  neck,  and  when  all  is  rea<ly  the  person  about  to  cross  places  l>oth  hands  (open) 
over  the  top  of  the  piece  of  wood  with  a  slot,  and  pressing  it  down  tightly  on  to  the 
bnmboD-made  hawser,  lifts  his  legs  off  the  platform  (erected  for  taking  off  from),  and 
away  he  slides  towards  the  centre  of  the  span.  As  soon  as  the  piece  of  wood  will)  a 
slot  in  it  sto])s  going,  the  pci»)u  crossing  lies  back  and,  cocking  bis  le^  in  IbetlTj 
works  hia  way  up  the  other  side  by  means  of  his  bauds,  and,  if  Bccessary,  ft  ^^~ 
like  Ihe  Dig&ros  do  when  in  the  hoops  they  use. 


sary,  fnt^^H 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  581 

If  a  Miiihini  has  a  load  to  cross  he  ties  it  below  him  and  carries  it  over  with  him. 
This  Mtjft  method  of  crossing  rivers  is  far  preferable  to  the  Digftro  one,  for  in  the 
first  place  there  are  no  joints  in  the  bamboo  hawser,  so  that  the  piece  of  slotted  wood 
traTels  more  easily  and  much  faster  than  the  Dig&ro  hoops  do,  while  in  the  second 
the  person  crossing  is  in  a  sitting  posture  (which  it  is  impossible  to  effect  in  hoops) 
for  one-half  of  the  journey  across,  and  so  is  much  less  fatigued.  He  or  she  can  idso 
return  to  this  sitting  position  and  rest  thus,  whenever  it  suits  their  doing  so, 
whereas  in  the  hoops  one  has  to  rest,  if  necessary,  in  the  most  awkward  position 
possible. 

It  was  five  minutes  after  9  a.m.  when  we  left  camp.  We  commenced  going  in 
an  easterly  direction,  but  only  for  a  few  hundred  yards,  when  we  turned  to  the  north- 
east, and  proceeding  thus  for  a  short  distance,  we  descended  a  few  feet,  and  crossed 
a  good-sized  hill  stream  called  the  Mftt!,  coming  down  from  the  N.N.E.  and  falling 
into  the  Brahmaputra.  After  crossing  t^e  Mfttt  I  saw  a  large  river  called  the  Lftt!, 
running  down  from  the  south  into  the  Brahmaputra,  on  its  left  bank.  There  is  quite 
a  laige-looking  valley  just  where  it  emerges  from  the  hills  before  it  falls  into  the 
Brahmaputra.  Then  turning  gradually  to  the  eastward  and  subsequently  to  the 
south-east  to  turn  a  spur  coming  down  into  the  Brahmaputra  (which  is  running 
from  east  to  west  here)  we  crossed,  at  9.30  a.m.,  another  hill  stream  coming  down 
from  the  N.N.E.  (our  direction  at  the  time  being  south-east  by  east)  and  falling 
into  the  Brahmaputra.    Our  path  thus  far  was  very  up  and  down  and  stony. 

At  a  quarter  to  10  a.m.  we  emerged  on  some  recently  cultivated  khets  (Brahma- 
putra running  from  the  KS.E.  here  down  a  short  reach)  and  our  path  up  to  this 
still  continued  up  and  down,  and  stony,  and  was  likewise  very  winding  in  places. 
Tonsong  has  two  or  three  huts  just  here,  on  the  left  bank  of  the  Brahmaputra,  where 
he  keeps  some  slaves  at  this  time  of  the  year  to  collect  fuel,  &c.  These  huts  are  on 
a  fine  piece  of  level  country  covered  with  pine  trees,  and  the  Brahmaputra  is  coming 
down  from  the  E.S.E.  After  passing  through  the  recently  cultivated  khets  wo 
descended  close  to  the  Brahmaputra  and  kept  along  a  path  running  close  to,  though 
a  little  above,  it  till  10  a.m.,  when  we  turned  to  the  north  and  ascending  some 
40  feet  or  so  up  a  steep  hill  we  turned  round  to  E.S.E.  and  emerged  upon  some  old 
Indian-corn  cultivation.  Path  up  to  this  still  very  winding,  uneven,  and  stony. 
At  10.15  a.m.  our  elevation  was  2100  feet,  as  we  had  ascended  a  steep  and  badly 
defined  path  in  an  easterly  direction.  After  this  we  turned  S.S.E.  again  and  saw  a 
lot  of  hill  monkeys.  At  25  minutes  to  11  a.m.  we  passed  another  Mijd  bridge  across 
the  Brahmaputra.  Elevation  1800  feet.  After  passing  the  bridge  we  ascended  in  a 
north-easterly  direction  100  feet  or  so  in  order  to  clear  a  mass  of  rock,  falling 
perpendicularly  into  the  Brahmaputra,  and  at  15  minutes  to  11  a.m.  we  canie  out 
on  to  the  Brahmaputra  running  from  the  east  down  a  short  reach.  Elevation 
1800  feet.  River  only  35  yards  or  so  broad  in  places.  There  is  a  very  furious  rapid 
just  here,  with  a  drop  of  several  feet  to  it,  another  just  above  it.  These  rapids  are, 
I  notice,  getting  much  more  frequent  now.  Recently  cultivated  patches  are  still  to 
be  seen  on  the  hUIs  bordering  on  both  sides  the  river.  The  hills  on  the  left  bank 
appear  a  little  less  steep  and  broken  now  than  they  were  further  to  the  westward, 
^'wo  Mtjii  houses  on  the  left  bank  are  in  sight,  and  there  is  a  very  large  accumula- 
tion of  drift  wood,  chiefly  pine,  about  the  place.  I  halted  here  for  thirty-five 
minutes. 

Starting  again  at  11.20  a.m.  we  proceeded  in  an  east<north-easterly  direction  for 
nearly  an  hour,  often  over  a  very  rough,  uneven,  and  jungly  path,  and  at  15  minutes 
to  12  we  emerged  upon  a  fine  flat  grassy  piece  of  country,  b&lf  ft  mile  or  so  long, 
«fter  which  we  entered  more  jungle.  At  12  p.m.  we  crossed  the  beds  of  two  small 
iiill  streams,  coming  down  from  the  north,  and  fifteen  minutes  later  we  emerged  on 


S82  MR.  J.  F.  NEEDHAM'S  JOURNEY 

the  Bralimniratr*.  Elevation  2000  feet ;  our  path  from  11.20  till  now  having  bem 
bat  a  few  feet  above  it.  I  baited  here  for  an  hour.  The  Braboapntra  is  Dot  more 
than  20  jardB  (here)  in  piacea,  and  it  is  running  from  the  E.N.E.,  hnt  just  above  it 
runs  down  from  east,  and  then  from  the  north-eeat.  The  hiUa  on  the  right  (Ibis) 
hank  are  rockj,  hare,  and  bleak  looking,  while  those  on  the  left  bank,  though  lew 
bare  looking,  are  also  very  rocky. 

Continuing  again  nt  1  p.m.  no  proceeded  east,  and  (en  minutes  afterwards  came 
upon  a  Bne  level  piece  of  country  (elevation  2000  feet)  over  a  mile  long,  and  I  saw 
some  very  fine  old  pines.  At  1 .  20  p.m.  passed  another  Mtjil  house  on  the  left  bank. 
Brahmaputra  flowing  from  north-east  jiiat  here.  At  1.30  p.m.  our  path  was  jungly, 
up  and  down,  and  stony.  Passed  a  small  bill  stream  coming  do'n'n  from  north-west 
by  west,  our  direction  being  N.N.B,,  and  the  Brahmaputra  is  flowing  from  the  same 
direction.  At  1.35  p.m.  we  camo  right  out  on  to  the  Brahmaputra,  elevation 
2D00  feet,  and  we  continued  in  a  north-easterly  direction  along  its  boulders,  some  uf 
tfbicb  are  of  an  enormous  size,  and  the  whole  slope  at  an  unpleasant  angle  towards 
the  river,  so  that  walking  along  them  is  dangerous  work  j  for  if  one  were  to  become 
dislodged,  a  large  number  would  go  with  it  and  probably  crush  one  before  one  onild 
escape.  There  ia  a  distinct  muddy  look  about  the  boulders  lying  for  some  20  feet 
or  so  above  the  river  which  marks  very  clearly  thu  height  of  the  river  when  in  flood. 
At  l.iO  p.m.  (when  stilt  going  over  boulders)  we  turned  to  E.N.E.  (Brahmaputra 
coming  from  same  direction  down  a  good  long  reach).  Rapids  numerous,  and  very 
strong.  Hills  still  bleak  and  rocky,  and  very  bare  in  places.  A  few  recently 
cultivated  patches  to  he  seen  on  the  bills  on  the  left  bank,  hut  none  on  those  on  the 
right  bank.  We  continued  going  over  bouUers  till  2  p.m.,  when  we  ascended  into 
the  jungle  growing  just  above  the  river.  Passed  another  Mljfl  bridge  here,  also  a 
smalt  bill  stream  running  down  from  the  northward.    Halted  here  for  l«n  minutw. 

The  conntry  on  the  left  bnnic  belongs  to  a  clan  of  MIjOs  called  UUn&t.  Theyare 
said  to  be  pretty  numerous,  and  Ihej  are  very  fond  of  exercising  their  loi^y  rights 
in  these  parts  by  levying  hlaok-niall  from  such  Digiroa  who  visit  this  jart  of  the 
country,  especially  those  who  happen  to  bo  on  unfriendly  terms  with  their  clan,  or 
with  any  members  thereof.  If  the  black-mail  is  refused,  any  articles  wliich  the 
Digiros  refusing  it  may  be  carrying  are  immediately  seized  and  stnck  to.  Their 
villages  lie  far  up  the  gorge  of  the  Enkng,  a  large  river  a  little  more  to  the 
eastward  of  this.    The  Brahmaputra  ia  running  from  the  E.N.E.  here, 

Conlinuiog  again  at  2.10  p.m.  in  an  E.N.E.  direction,  ne  proceeded  for  five 
minutes  or  so  over  an  uneven  and  stony  path  just  above  the  iJrabmapntta,  and 
then  came  upon  some  old  cultivation,  when  the  path  improved  a  bit.  At  a 
quarter  to  3  p.m.  the  Brahmaputra  was  seen  running  down  from  the  eaat  by 
north,  and  turning  to  south  just  below  us.  We  aHcemled  some  hundred  feet  or  so 
above  the  river  about  thii  time,  and  continued  in  an  E.N.E.  (varying  occasionally 
a  little  to  north)  direction  along  a  belter  path  till  3,10  p.m.,  when  we  arrived 
opposite  the  Kalang  (tho  river  alluded  to  just  above).  It  is  a  very  large  river 
coming  down  from  the  south-east,  and  falling  into  the  Brahmaputra  on  its  left 
bank.  It  has  a  flne  broad  valley  (in  the  vicinity  oQ  where  it  empties  itself  into 
the  Brahmaputra,  As  before  observed,  the  L&mflt  clan  of  MljQs  have  numerous 
villages  up  its  gorge.  I  am  told  that  there  are  very  few  MijQs  living  to  the  eastward 
of  the  Kalang.  This  river  is  alltged  to  lake  its  rise  in  the  high  mountains  Ijing  to 
the  south-east,  hut  close  lo  the  country  of  the  Bor  Khamtis,  whose  villages  are  aid 
to  be  only  four  days  distant  frim  this.  Tho  Bor  Khamtis  trade  freely  with  the 
lAmit  and  other  clans  o(  MijQs,  and  people  from  both  tribes  visit  one  another 
regularly  evtry  year  for  purposes  of  trade.  The  Dor  Khamtis  visit  the  MljQ  villages 
lying  ft  long  way  to  the  west  of  this.    The  chief  articles  brought  down  by  the 


.      ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  588 

Khamtb  for  trade  are  "  daos  ^  (which  they  obtain  from  the  Singphos,  for  they  have 
no  iron  in  their  own  hills  and  do  not  understand  manuflBUSturing  them.  It  is 
difBcolt  to  understand  how  these  weapons  originally  came  to  be  called  Khamti 
''daos,"  when  they  are  really  Singpho  *'daofl.''  £  suppose  because  Ehamtis  sold 
them  they  were  beliered  to  be  manufactured  by  them)  and  gongs,  and  very  large 
numbers  of  the  former  are,  I  am  informed,  disposed  of  yearly.  The  MtjCls  likewise 
purchase  sUves  from  the  Bor  Khamtis,  and  the  chief  articles  which  they  carry  to  the 
Bor  EJiamti  country  are  cloths  of  all  kinds  (most  of  which  come  originally  from 
Sadiya,  being  purchased  from  the  Dig&ros  living  to  the  west  of  the  M'daun  river, 
who  again  purchase  them  from  Dig&roe  living  west  of  the  Dalei),  musk  pods,  and 
opium  (large  quantities  are,  I  am  told,  taken  up  to  the  Bor  Ehamii  country  yearly  by 
the  Mtjiis). 

There  is  no  path  to  Rimft  on  the  left  bank  beyond  the  Kalang  river,  so  that  any 
one  wishing  to  go  there  must  cross  over  to  this  side  to  do  so.  Just  before  passing 
the  Kalang  I  saw  another  Mijd  bridge  over  the  Brahmaputra,  as  also  a  MijCi  house 
on  the  left  bank  of  the  river.  The  hills  on  the  left  bank  are  now  a  little  less  bleak 
looking,  but  those  on  this  bank  are  still  so.  At  3.30  p.m.  we  crossed  a  hill  stream 
called  the  Ghiirft,  runniog  down  very  strongly  from  the  westward,  and  our  path  then 
turned  in  that  direction ;  and  ascending  a  few  feet  through  thick  jungle  we  arrived  at 
Liisd  MljA  house,  and  I  pitched  camp  close  to  his  house  at  20  minutes  to  4  p.m. 
Elevation  2200  feet.    Brahmaputra  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  to  eastward  below  us. 

There  are  four  other  houses  belonging  to  LiisS's  hamlet^  but  they  are  all  very 
scattered.  These  people  have  never  visited  Sadiya,  and  it  may  be  asserted  generally 
that  but  very  few  of  the  people  living  to  the  east  of  the  M*daun  have  ever  been 
in  there,  and  that  consequently  they  knew  literally  nothing  about  us,  and  this  being 
the  case,  it  is  marvellous  how  well  we  have  been  received  everywhere.  Some  of  the 
Mljds,  living  as  far  east  as  this,  have  guns,  which  they  purchase  from  those  living 
further  to  the  westward.    I  am  told  they  can  get  none  from  Kim&. 

We  were  marching  for  4  hours  and  50  minutes  to-day,  exclusive  of  halts,  and  I 
calculate  we  did  about  10  miles.    Our  general  direction  was  E.N.E. 

Thundat/y  December  ZUt, — Up  at  daylight.  Thermometer  50**  at  7  ajn.  We 
are  surrounded  by  hills,  or  we  should  feel  it  much  colder.  As  it  was,  the  early 
morning  was  very  raw,  and  there  can  be  no  doubt  that  snow  is  falling  on  the 
higher  hills.  At  9.25  a.m.  we  left  our  camping  ground.  Starting  in  a  north-east 
by  [north  direction  we^ crossed  two  small  streams,  coming  down  from  the  north* 
west,  just  after  leaving  the  village,  and  continuing  thus,  along  a  path  running  a 
few  feet  above  the  Brahmaputra,  till  10.10  a.m.  we  turned  a  little  more  to  the 
northward,  and  the  Brahmaputra  was  seen  coming  down  from  a  similar  direction. 
Our  path  up  to  this  point  was  stony,  very  up  and  down,  and  jungly.  Passed  a 
very  furious  rapid  just  about  this  time,  having  a  drop  of  several  feet  to  it.  From  10 
minutes  to  10  a.m.  till  10  a.m.  we  were  going  along  a  fine  grassy  level,  but 
afterwards  ascending  a  few  feet  we  got  into  jungle  again,  and  the  path  became  once 
more  stony  and  uneven.  Met  two  Mtjiis  returning  from  Rimft.  They  told  us  that 
the  Rimft  officials  had  no  intimation  of  our  coming  up  to  the  time  they  left.  At 
10.10  a.m.  the  Brahmaputra  was  seen  coming  down  from  the  N.N.W.  down  a  short 
reach,  and  our  path  was  still  uneven  and  stony,  and  the  jungle  so  low  overhead  that 
we  were  compelled  to  go  along  in  a  stooping  posture.  At  10.15  a.m.  we  passed  a 
Mljii  bridge  across  the  Brahmaputra  (path  still  jungly),  and  at  10.20  a.ra.  a  small 
hill  stream  coming  down  from  the  west,  after  which  we  emerged  from  the  jungle  on 
to  a  level  piece  of  country,  bearing  signs  of  having  been  recently  cultivated  in 
places.  Then  soon  afterwards,  proceeding  N.N.E.  for  a  short  distance,  we  turned  north- 
east, and  emerged  soon  afterwards  on  to  the  Brahmaputra  (elevation  2100  feet). 


531  MR.  J.  F.  NEEDHAM'S  JOURNEY 

Learing  again  at  10  minutes  to  11  Fum.  we  proceeded  north-east  along  %  fin* 
level  piece  of  country  (pasaiog  &  small  hill  stream  coming  down  trom  the  wealward 
— and  I  saw  snolher  coming  down  from  the  eastward  and  falling  into  the  Brahma- 
putra on  its  left  baak — at  11  ii.m.)  till  10  minulcti  paet  11  a.m.,  when  we  paseed  a 
luriouH  rapid  ill  the  Brahmaputra,  which  is  runniog  down  north  h;  east,  uid  our 
path  became  uneren  and  jungly,  though  only  for  a  short  distance,  aa  we  came  upon 
n  level  bit  ot  country  again  almost  immediately,  and  continued  along  it  in  a  north- 
wisterly  direction  till  11.25  a.m.,  when,  turning  to  the  north-westward  we  crossed  a 
large  hill  stream  (at  an  elevation  of  2200  feet)  called  the  E&mti,  running  down  from 
the  W.N.W.  into  the  Brahmaputm.  llien  proceeding  north-east  again,  we  aacended 
some  200  feet  or  so  up  a  Ht«ep  hill  and  gut  on  to  more  flat  country,  and  proceeding 
along  it  till  we  gradually  rose  another  100  feet,  the  aneroid  registering  2500  feet; 
after  which  at  15  minutes  to  12  we  tiirned  a  jioiut  or  two  further  north,  and  pro- 
ceeded so  till  noon.  Saw  snow-elad  peaks  to  south  snd  south-west,  alio  two  oc 
three  reaches  of  Brahmaputra  in  sama  direction  from  this  s|X)t. 

After  this  wo  descended  some  200  feet  down  a  winding  path  and  continued  just 
above  the  Brahmaputra  in  a  north-north-easterly  direction  (elevation  2300  feel), 
and  at  20  minutes  past  12  p.m.,  we  came  out  on  to  the  river  (elevation 
2200  feet).  Passed  two  small  hiU  streams  (timing  down  from  the  westward 
just  before  emerging  on  to  the  Brahmaputra,  and  I  discovered  to  my  great 
^rief  that  1  had  tost  the  needle  from  my  pocket  compoas,  the  only  one  I  have 
with  me.  At  10  minutrs  to  1  p.m.,  wu  left  again  in  a  north- north-easterly 
direction,  and,  proceeding  over  boulders  till  1  p.m.,  wo  passed  a  magnificent 
rapid  with  a  drop  of  several  foet,  running  like  a  sluice.  The  Brahmapntra  is 
not  more  than  20  yards  wide  in  places.  After  this,  turning  a  little  more  to  the 
northward,  we  continued  going  over  the  boutdera  for  five  minutes  longer,  when 
we  ascended  sorao  200  feet  and  soon  got  into  jungle  just  above  the  river,  and  con- 
tinuing in  it  till  1.20,  we  emerged  on  to  an  open  piece  of  country,  recently  cnlUvstod 
in  places  (elevation,  2400  feel),  and  we  continued  along  it  till  1.30  p.in.,  when  we 
again  foimd  ourselves  close  to  the  Brahmaputra  (elevation,  2250  feet).  For  some 
ten  minutes  or  so  before  coming  out  on  lo  the  river  onr  path  waa  rough,  stony,  and 
Jungly.  After  proceeding  over  boulders  for  a  few  yards,  we  got  on  lo  a  Sue  sandy 
path,  interspersed  with  boulders,  and  running  a  few  feet  above  the  river,  and  oou- 
tinuing  along  it  till  20  minutes  to  2  p.m.,  1  halted  for  10  minutes  oppwitc  ShQpehl 
MijU's  house,  which  is  on  the  left  bank.  He  is  of  the  Tftling  clan.  Conntry  very 
bare  and  rocky-looking,  and  but  little  old  cultivation  to  be  seen  about  anywhere, 
llie  left  bank  of  the  Brahmaputra  is  rocky  and  perpendicular  just  here. 

Continuing  our  jouroey  at  10  minutes  to  2  p.m.,  we  proceeded  over  bonldeis 
till  2  p.m.  in  a  slightly  more  northerly  direction,  when  we  passed  a  small  hill 
Hiream  coming  down  from  the  westwnrd,  and  then  got  on  to  a  level  piece  of  gnusy 
country,  just  above  tlie  Brslimaputra,  and  continued  over  it  till  2*15  p.m.  Hill* 
on  the  left  Umk  a  good  deal  cut  up  with  ravines,  which  have  tree  jungle  ia  their 
vicinity,  but  the  rest  of  the  hills  arc  bare  and  bicak-looktng.  Ilaltrd  here  tat 
10  minut«s. 

At  2.20  p.m.  continued  in  a  north-corth-casterly  direction  and  soon  got  iota 
jnngleagain.  Crossed  a  hill  stream  coming  down  from  the  west  at  2*30  p.m.,  and 
then  ascending  some  50  feet  or  so  up  its  left  bank,  we  got  on  to  a  level  grassy  piece 
of  country  just  above  the  Brahmaputra,  with  a  recently  cultivated  khet  or  two  here 
and  there  about  it,  and  passed  a  MtJIl  bridge  (across  the  Brahmaputra)  at  20  minute* 
to  3  p.m.  Continued  along  till  8  minutes  to  3  p.m.  (elevation  2400  feet),  whin 
we  again  got  into  jungle,  and  our  path  wound  about  among  soma  spurs,  coming 
dona  in  a  very  broken  manner  into  the  Btahmapatra.    In  some  ptsoea  the  fath 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  586 

was  good,  but  in  others  it  was  stony,  np  and  down,  and  uneven.  At  8  minutes 
past  3  p.m.  we  passed  a  good-sized  bill  stream  (I  couldn't  get  tbe  name)  comiug 
down  from  tbe  soutb-east  into  tbe  Brabmaputra  on  its  left  bank.  I  baited  for 
10  minutes  just  after  passing  it,  and  continuing  again  at  3*18  p.m.,  we  met  tbree 
litjiUi  returning  from  RimA  directly  afterwards.  Tbey  told  me  tbat  tbey  bad  slept 
out  four  nigbts  since  leaving  Rim&,  so  tbat  we  are  some  distance  off  yet  I  Pro- 
ceeding onwards  our  patb  became  uneven,  up  and  down,  and  jungly,  until  at  3 .  80 
p.m.,  wben  (at  an  elevation  of  2500  feet)  we  descended  some  200  feet  down  a  steep 
zigzag  patb,  and  getting  on  to  a  long  stretcb  of  flat  grassy  country  just  above  tbe 
Brabmaputra  we  continued  along  it  till  a  quarter  to  4,  wben  I  baited  for  15  minutes 
to  let  stragglers  come  up.  1  notice  tbat  our  Misbmi  porters  are  travelling  slower 
every  day.  Cbowsft  says  tbey  complain  of  being  footnsore,  and  say  tbat  tbeir  loads 
are  heavier  tban  tbey  are  accustomed  to  carry.  There  is  an  old  Mljd  bridge  across 
tbe  Brabmaputra  here.  Tbe  bills  on  the  left  bank  are  bleak-looking  and  bare ;  those 
on  tbe  right  bank  are  covered  with  trees. 

At  4  pan.,  starting  again,  we  proceeded  into  some  jungle  (just  above  tbe  Brabma- 
putra) in  order  to  turn  a  spur  or  two,  coming  down  into  tbe  Brabmaputra,  and  at 
4  p.mL  we  crossed,  by  means  of  a  wooden  bridge,  a  large  bill  stream  called  tbe 
Obungtt,  running  down  from  tbe  westward,  and  soon  afterwards  a  small  one,  tbe 
name  of  which  I  could  not  get.  Then  ascending  a  few  hundred  feet,  gradually  at 
first,  but  up  a  steepish  patb,.just  before  reaching  the  village  in  a  northerly  direction 
we  reached  Krondong's  bouse  (elevation  2600  feet)  at  4.30  p.m.,  and  our  Misbmi 
porters  all  came  in  about  half  an  hour  afterwards.  The  name  of  tbe  hill  on  which 
the  bouse  stands  is  called  Sfttf ,  after  a  bill  stream  running  down  from  the  west  a 
little  to  the  north-eastward  of  this.  Krondong  came  out  to  pay  bis  respects  to  me 
soon  after  our  arrival.  He  is  a  pleasant,  quiet-looking,  old  man,  about  48  years  of 
age,  very  short  and  thick-set,  and  he  was  wearing  a  woollen  Tibetan  coat  (not  tied 
at  tbe  waist),  and  tbe  typical  Tibetan  billycock  with  a  turned-up  brim.  He  killed 
a  LAmA  cow  soon  after  our  arrival,  and  presented  us  with  a  piece  of  the  beef,  two 
fine  cocks,  and  a  little  rice. 

Friday^  January  1«<,  1886. — ^Thermometer  46**  at  7  a.m.  It  was  very  cold 
during  tbe  night,  and  tbe  wind,  whistling  up  through  tbe  mat  floor  of  the  granary 
tbat  we  slept  in,  made  it  anything  but  pleasant.  Krondong  is  a  very  wealthy  Mtjfl, 
but  he  is  spoken  of  as  being  a  very  mild  man,  and  as  wanting  in  energy,  and  con- 
sequently he  possesses  less  influence  among  his  tribe  tban  be  would  otherwise 
command  on  account  of  his  wealth  and  numerous  relations.  He  addressed  me  in 
substance  as  follows : — "  1  have  never  seen  a  Saheb  before,  for  I  cannot  remember 
the  Padri  Sabebs  who  came  this  way,  as  I  was  then  too  young,  but  I  have  beard  a 
great  deal  about  them,  as  also  about  the  Mabaraui  and  her  country.  I  hear  you  are 
desirous  of  proceeding  to  Rimft,  but  I  would  strongly  advise  you  not  to  go  there,  as 
tbe  Governor  is  certain  to  insult  you,  and  you  will  be  ordered  to  leave  tbe  country 
as  soon  as  your  presence  is  discovered.  Your  going  into  the  country  too  will  bring 
trouble  on  the  ryots,  as  tbe  Governor  will  declare  that  they  have  given  you  food,  &c., 
and  will  fine  them  heavily,  as  also  beat  them,  and,  as  I  have  many  friends  in  the 
place,  I  do  not  wish  them  to  get  into  trouble.  If,  however,  after  hearing  what  I  have 
said  you  still  express  a  wish  to  be  permitted  to  continue  your  journey,  I  will  not  oppose 
you,  but  will  let  you  proceed,  and  you  must  take  your  chance  of  what  happens.^ 

I  thanked  him  for  his  advice,  and  said  I  was  very  anxious  to  proceed  on  towards 
Rimft,  and  that  I  would  take  my  chance  of  being  well  or  otherwise  received  there, 
and  1  begged  be  would  not  send  on  any  messenger  to  inform  the  Governor  tbat  I 
was  in  tbe  neighbourhood. 

It  was  22  minutes  to  10  a.m.  when  we  started.    We  proceeded  in  a  north- 


686 


sin.  J.  F.  NEEDHAM'S  JODRSEr 


e&aterly  direction,  aud  descending  a  few  feet,  croeaed  tho 
stream  coTDmg  down  from  the  westward  (from  which  Krondong*!  people  gel 
their  water),  after  which  we  continued  descending  until  ray  aneroid  had  regipten-d 
2400  feel,  when  wo  turned  to  the  north,  'and  kept  along  a  path  running  jmt 
iihovc  the  BrahniBputra  till  10  a.m.,  at  which  time  we  paseed  a  house  on  ihe  left 
bank  belonging  to  Krondon's  bob,  then  descending  another  oOO  feet  or  so  nearer 
to  the  Brabmapntra  we  came  (at  fire  minutes  past  10  a.m.)  ui^on  a  level  piece  of 
country,  and  continued  along  it  ui  a  northerly  direction  for  five  minutes,  when 
leaving  the  vicinity  of  the  Brahmaputra  we  turned  to  the  westward,  while,  turning 
a  Hpur  coming  down  into  the  Brahmaputra,  and  then  got  round  gradually  to  north 
again,  and  after  crossing  two  small  hill  strcama  trickling  down  from  the  westward 
(towards  the  Brahmaputra),  wc  tiimod  a  point  or  so  mure  eatlcrly.  Our  path  up  to 
this  was  rough  and  jungly  in  places.  At  20  minutes  to  11  a.m.  we  were  at  an 
elevation  of  2800  feet,  and  looked  right  down  into  the  Brahmaputra,  which  was 
then  flowing  from  nearly  due  north  down  a  pretty  long  reach.  Halted  here  for  10 
minutes  to  let  stragglers  come  np.  The  path  which  lay  on  the  edge  of  a  perpendi- 
cular spur  was  a  very  nnrrow  one,  and  it  was  covered  with  pine  needles  likewise. 
making  it  very  slippery,  so  that  we  had  to  go  along  very  cautiously,  for  *  atipmeanl 
certain  death.  I  saw  another  MljH  houso  on  the  left  bank  and  a  Mljii  bridge  across 
the  Brahmaputra  from  this  point.  Tliehillaon  both  banks  are  rocky  and  are  covered 
with  pine  trees. 

At  10  minutes  to  11  a.m.,  starting  again,  we  continued  wlud in g  round  two  other 
spurs,  and  got  a  glorious  view  of  the  buowe  to  the  Houth-west,  as  also  a  glimpse  of 
more  to  the  north-cast,  then  commencing  to  descend  at  13  minutes  past  11  a.m.  we 
come  upon  a  fiat  piece  of  country  just  above  the  Brahmaputra.  Elevation  2100 
feet.  1  halted  here  for  30  minutes  to  let  our  porters  come  up,  as  they  Lad  lagged 
very  considerably  behind,  owing  to  the  path  being  difficult  and  very  atipivry.  The 
Brahmaputra  is  running  down  from  a  point  or  two  more  easterly  here.  At  15 
minutes  to  12  we  left  again  in  a  nortti-norih -easterly  direction,  and  soon  afterwards 
got  into  jungle,  growing  on  the  edges  of  the  hills  which  run  down  inti 
putra,  and  our  jiath  wound  about  a  good  deal,  ascending  and  descending  100  ft 
so,  and  at  IS  minutes  past  12  p.m.  we  came  out  close  to,  but  a  short  distance  a1 
the  Brabmapulra.    Elevation  2600  feet. 

At  a  quarter  t«  1  p.m.  we  continued  our  journey  along  a  path  which  led  a 
the  jungle,  and  n-ound  in  and  out  of  the  goi^es  between  some  spurs,  coming  down 
into  the  Brahmaputra.     It  was  very  st^ny  and  uneven,  and,  after  deeoeiidlng  and 
then  ascending  100  feet  or  so,  we  paaaed  at  1  p.m.  a  small  hill  stream  coming  d 
from  the  westword,  as  also  a  few  recently  cultivated  "  khets,"  and  at  15  t 
past  1  p.m.  we  came  upon  one  uf  cunsidorable  size  (all  belonging  to  Kioiu 
people).     Elevation  2600  feet. 

Then  continuing  E.N.E.  along  a  path  just  above  the  Brahmaputra,  we  ■» 
round  the  edges  of  some  more  spur*,  and  nt  25  minutes  to  2  p.m.  we  emei^edm 
Brahmaputra.  Elevation  2500  feet,  where  1  halted  for  16  minutes.  8aw  n  ' 
old  cultivation  on  left  bank  of  river,  which  is  running  from  east  by  north  jiist  i, 
It  is  only  20  yards  wide  in  places,  but  appears  to  be  very  deep,  and  is  ruuning  very 
fast  and  strong. 

Leaving  again  at  10  minutes  to  2  p.m.  we  proceeded  over  boulders  for  a  few 
yards,  and  then  ascending  a  few  feet  a  point  or  two  north  of  east  by  north,  we  cxaio 
upon  a  fine  stictdi  of  open  fiat  country,  and  continued  going  over  the  same  until 
2  p.m.,  when  we  passed  a  small  waterfall  coming  down  into  the  Brahmaputra  from 
the  south-east  on  lis  left  bank.  1  also  saw  a  lilllc  snow  to  the  corlhward.  llieD, 
descending  a  few  feet,  wo  crossed  a  Urge  hill  stream,  fordablc  at  present,  called  tlie 


V.    At  15 
afterwards  I 

lOOfaS^^I 

led  HI  into  " 

ling  down 
iidlng  and  ii 

jiist  hW^^^ 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  687 

Sikkt,  ranning  down  strongly  from  the  northward,  and  after  asceDding  its  left  bank 
I  halted  for  15  minutes,  while  Ghowsft  conversed  with  a  party  of  Mishmis  returning 
from  Bimft  with  cattle.  They  informed  me  that  they  had  left  Rim  A  three  days  ago, 
and  that  up  to  that  time  the  Gk>yemor  was  ignorant  of  our  being  anywhere  near  the 
Tibetan  border,  but  they  advised  our  pushing  on  there  with  all  possible  speed,  as  they 
said  the  Governor  would  be  sure  to  hear  of  our  coming  from  some  one,  and  that  as 
soon  as  he  did  so,  I  would  be  stopped  and  obliged  to  retrace  my  steps.  I  noticed 
that  nothing  but  old  and  worn-out  Lama  cattle  are  sold  to  the  Misbmis,  and  this 
is  all  that  the  Assamese  down  our  way  ever  give  them. 

At  2.20  p.m.  we  continued  N.N.E.  along  a  tolerably  level  path  for  five  minutes 
or  80^  and  tben  got  into  jungle  again  just  above  the  Brahmaputra,  and  continuing  in 
it  in  an  east  by  north  direction  for  five  minutes,  we  emerged  (at  2.30  p.m.)  on  the 
Brahmaputra,  elevation  2550  feet,  and  proceeded  over  boulders  till  23  minutes  to 
3  p.m.,  when  we  once  more  ascended  into  jungle  growing  just  above  the  river,  and 
soon  afterwards  passed  a  large  waterfall  coming  down  from  the  northward.  At 
10  minutes  to  3  p.m.  we  emerged  on  level  coimtry,  elevation  2500  feet,  with  the 
Brahmaputra  just  below  us,  and  running  from  E.N.E.  (nothing  but  pines,  some  very 
fine,  about,  no  cultivation,  hills  bare  and  rocky,  also  steep  on  left  bank.  Snow  peak 
visible  to  northward),  and  continued  going  over  it  till  five  minutes  to  3  p.m.,  when 
we  came  upon  more  jungle,  but  only  for  a  few  yards,  but  the  path  was  stony  and 
uneven.  At  seven  minutes  past  3  p.m.  were  going  north-east  by  east,  Brahmaputra  run- 
ning from  north-east,  and  eight  minutes  afterwards  we  emerged  on  the  Brahmaputra, 
elevation  2550  feet,  and  walked  along  boulders  till  3.20  p.m.,  when  I  halted  for 
20  minutes.  Passed  another  waterfall  between  3.15  and  3.20  p.m.  The  Brahma- 
putra is  here  running  from  the  N.N.E.  Hills  on  left  bank  are  rocky  and  bare, 
and  those  on  this  (right)  bank  but  little  better. 

Starting  again  at  15  minutes  to  4  p.m.  we  ascended  a  few  feet,  and  getting  into 
the  jungle  just  above  the  Brahmaputra,  continued  in  it  till  three  minutes  past  4  p.m., 
when  we  came  out  into  a  flat  piece  of  country,  elevation  2700  feet,  along  which  we 
proceeded  for  a  couple  of  minutes  only,  and  then  descending  100  feet  or  so  we  crossed 
the  MongglA,  a  mountain  stream,  fordableat  present,  coming  down  from  the  N.N.W., 
and  at  a  quarter  past  4  p.m.  we  emerged  on  the  Brahmaputra,  and,  proceeding  along 
it  till  30  minutes  past  4  p.m.,  I  pitched  my  camp  upon  a  small  level  piece  of  grassy 
ground  just  a  few  feet  above  it.    Elevation  2600  feet. 

We  are  now  very  close  to  the  borders  of  the  Tibetan  country.  So  far  we  have 
been  excessively  lucky,  as  Ghowsft  has  successfully  prevented  any  Mishmis  from  being 
sent  on  ahead  of  us  to  give  the  Tibetans  intimation  of  our  arrival  in  the  vicinity  of 
their  country.  I  have  been  very  much  struck  with  Chow8&*s  influence  among  both 
Dig&ros  and  Mljds.  Many  of  the  former  tribe  no  doubt  see  a  great  deal  of  the 
Ehamtis,  who  reside  on  the  T^g&p&ni,  for  they  go  there  yearly  in  large  numbers 
to  purchase  salt  and  other  commodities,  as  certain  of  the  Sadiya  Kyahs  have  shops 
there  all  the  year  round,  and  the  latter  tribe  mix  a  good  deal,  I  am  told,  with  the 
Khamtis  from  the  Bor  Ehamti  country,  but  even  so  it  seems  to  me  unusual  that 
the  chiefs  of  both  Mishmi  tribes  should  not  only  be  very  friendly  with  ChowsA,  but 
likewise  listen  to,  and  unhesitatingly  accept,  his  counsel.  We  were  only  marching 
for  four  hours  to-day,  exclusive  of  all  halts,  and  I  reckon  we  travelled  about  eight 
miles,  and  that  our  general  direction  was  about  N.N.E. 

Saturday,  January  2nd, — ^Thermometer  47°  at  7  a.m.  Lovely  morning,  and 
the  Brahmaputra  looks  very  grand,  as  it  goes  roaring  and  foaming  along  over  a 
rapid  just  underneath  where  we  are  camped.  I  went  over  to  Ghows^'s  grass  hut 
about  7.30  a.m.,  and  he  addressed  me  as  follows  : — '*  Saheb  1  I  have  done  al)  I  ever 
professed  to  be  able  to  do  for  you,  viz.  have  brought  you  safely  through  the  Dig&ro 


588  MR.  J.  F.  NEEDBAM'S  JOURNEY 

and  Mtjfl  country.  We  nre  now  cIobo  to  ihn  borders  of  Tibet,  and  from  thu  Ume 
you  must  act  according  to  your  own  discretion.  1  have  told  you  thiit  we  Bball  all 
be  insulted,  and  possibly  ill-tre^ited,  if  vie  go  on  to  Bimli,  bat  you  wilt  not  believe 
me.    1  c&n  be  of  no  more  um  to  yun,  aa  I  do  not  underalnnd  Tibetan." 

ChowaJi  appears  to  be  in  low  spirits  this  morning,  but  he  brightened  up  a  little 
when  I  told  him  that  I  am  very  much  pleased  and  entirely  satisBed  with  all  thiit 
he  lias  done  for  me  since  we  left  Sadlya,  and  intimated  that  1  was  quite  prepared, 
if  necessary,  to  act  for  myself  in  future.  I  said  I  did  not  anticipate  any  harm 
happening  to  us,  and  tliat  I  h»d  no  intention  of  retracing  my  steps  towards  Sadlya 
until  I  had  used  my  best  endeavours  to  reach  RimS, 

Left  camp  at  8.  SO  a.m.,  and  proceeding  in  a  nor tb-eastecly  direction  for  &  quarter 
of  a  mile  or  so,  ve  got  on  to  an  open  pieoe  of  undulating  grassy  country  call«d 
Mfl-neh'rfl,  which  ts  the  boundary  between  the  MijQ  and  the  Tibetan  country. 
There  is  a  very  inrge  and  solitary  stone,  lying  close  to  the  edge  of  this  spot,  and 
upon  it  may  be  seen  standing  upright  two  small  slabs,  each  about  two  feet  high,  which 
were  placed  there,  I  am  told,  by  the  Padres  Krick  and  Boury,  to  commemorate  their 
journey  to  these  parts.  There  is  no  river  or  even  remarkable  bill  of  any  kind  in 
the  neighbourhood  to  mark  the  bouadary,  so  that  it  may  be  said  to  be  undefined. 
There  is,  however,  one  very  noticeable  feature  about  the  spot,  viz.  that  several 
pine  trees,  entirely  branchless  on  ail  but  their  north-east  sides,  ars  to  be  seen  on  the 
slope  above  wHcre  the  largo  stone  just  alluded  to  ties,  as  also  a  few  similar  ones 
growing  just  below  it.  These  trees  present,  it  is  true,  a  most  peculiar  and  scarecrow 
appearance,  and  the  Hishmis  believe  that  the  Tibetan  sylvan  spirit  has  caused  them 
to  grow  in  this  unique  fiisbiun  in  order  to  deGiie  tbe  Tibetan  boundary  nnd  show 
people  the  way  on  to  ItimS;  wbereaa  the  real  cause  of  the  apparently  strange 
phenomenon  is  that  the  spot,  being  very  unsheltered  to  tbe  soutb-west,  tbo  branches 
in  that  direction  of  such  trees  as  are  most  exposed  to  tbe  force  of  tbe  wind  have 
been  blown  off. 

After  halting  close  to  the  huge  atone  alluded  to  for  a  few  minutes  we  proceeded 
along  a  fine  level  path  till  9. 30  a.ro.,  when  we  turned  a  point  or  so  mora  to  the 
north,  and  directly  afterwards  crossed  a  fairly  large  hill  stream  (now  fordable)  called 
the  TSpQk,  running  down  from  the  north-west.  This  stream  one  would  have 
imagined  should  have  been  made  tbe  boundary  between  tbe  Mljtt  and  tbe  Tibetan 
country.  Then  aKonding  the  left  bank  of  the  YSpIlk,  we  got  on  to  more  flat 
country,  and  soon  afterwards  oui  path  wound  round  the  edge  of  a  spur  for  a  time. 
At  15  minutes  to  10  a.m.  I  saw  the  Brahmaputra  coming  down  a  short  reach  from 
due  north,  and  at  five  minutes  to  10  a.m.  we  )iassed  a  large  bill-slream  called  the 
Dingtl  running  down  stronsdy  from  tbo  eastward  and  falling  into  the  Brahmaputra 
on  its  left  bank.  It  is  said  to  lake  its  rise  in  the  hills  bordering  on  tbe  Bor  Khamti 
country.  At  10  a.m.,  while  going  N.N.E.,  we  came  upon  more  flat  open  country, 
and  at  10,10  a.m,  we  ctoEsed  a  small  stream  coming  down  from  tbe  north-west, 
and  I  halted  for  five  miimtes  just  above  the  Brahmaputra,  which  is  running  from 
the  north-east.  The  valley  appears  to  bo  widening.  The  hills  on  both  banks  am 
low,  and  bleak-looking.  Sometimes  flat  open  country  is  to  be  seen  on  one  side  and 
sometimes  on  the  other.  Snow  is  visible  on  the  hilla  to  the  north  of  us.  The 
country  about  here  u  known  by  the  name  of  Wftlong.  A  little  cultivation  csn  be 
seen  on  Loth  bunks  of  iliu  Brabmsputra  just  here,  and  also  a  little  further  to  the 
eastward,  where  the  country  is  beautifully  level,  for  the  valley  is  nearly,  if  not  quite, 
a  mile  broad.  Old  UUkiison,  as  also  Tousong's  brother,  left  us  here,  and  there  can 
be  no  doubt  that  they  are  both  afraid  of  being  seen  in  our  company.  1'bey  preteod 
that  they  intend  crossing  tbe  river  here  and,  preceding  us  to  RimS,  wilt  inform  <i^' 
Goveraor  of  my  arrival,  but  I  do  not  believe  n  word  of  it. 


i,  wilt  inform  tBt^.     ■ 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  639 

Stariiog  again  at  10.15  a.m.,  we  continued  along  a  capital  pntb  and  passed 
below  a  Tibetan  village,  which  was  not  in  sight,  but  behind  a  hill  to  the  west  of  us. 
Chowsft  ioformed  me  that  all  the  yillagers  were  away,  hidiag  in  the  jungle,  as  the 
Tibetan  tax  collector  had  arrived  at  the  village.  The  Brahmaputra  is  coming  down 
from  the  westward  of  north  just  here.  At  11  a.m.  we  passed  a  Tibetan  hamlet 
called  Ttni,  consisting,  as  far  as  I  could  see,  of  a  couple  or  three  wretched-looking 
hovels,  on  the  left  bank  of  the  Brahmaputra,  and  I  halted  nearly  opposite  it  for 
10  minutes.  Elevation  2700  feet.  The  country  on  this  side  is  still  called  Wftlong, 
and  the  Brahmaputra  is  still  flowing  from  the  west  of  north.  At  11.10  a.m.  we 
continued  our  journey  and  proceeded  a  little  west  of  north  for  a  short  time,  when, 
turning  a  little  more  westerly,  we  ascended  some  200  feet,  and  working  our  way 
round  the  edges  of  some  spurs,  coming  straight  down  into  the  Brahmaputra,  we  got 
back  gradually  to  W.N.W.,  and  at  11. 20  a.m.  we  passed  a  large  hill  stream  (I  could 
not  get  the  name),  flowing  down  strongly  from  the  north-east  into  the  Brahmaputra 
on  its  left  bank.  It  is  said  to  come  down  from  the  mountains  which  border  on  the 
Bor  Khamti  country.  At.  11.30  a.m.  we  were  some  100  feet  or  so  above  the 
Brahmaputra,  and  were  looking  right  down  into  it  It  is  running  down  from  the 
north-west  through  a  narrow  rocky  defile,  and  the  hills  on  both  sides  of  it  for  some 
300  or  400  yards  or  so  are  preciptous  and  run  right  down  into  it.  There  is  literally 
no  valley  just  here.  At  10  minutes  to  12  a.m.  I  halted  for  40  minutes.  Elevation 
3000  feet.  From  11.30  a.m.  up  to  this  time  we  had  been  winding  about  among  the 
precipitous  spurs  alluded  to  above,  the  path  being  very  narrow  and  slippery,  owing 
to  the  large  quantities  of  pine  needles  about.  Saw  snow  which  I  had  seen  in  the 
morning  bearing  north-east  by  north. 

Starting  again  at  12.10  p.m.,  we  left  the  Brahmaputra  several  hundred  yards 
on  our  right,  tbat  is  to  north-east  of  us,  and  proceeding  in  a  north-westerly  direction, 
we  soon  afterwards  came  upon  a  large  plateau  (elevation  3000  feet)  with  some 
unusually  fine  pine  trees  upon  it.  Saw  some  terrace  cultivation  upon  the  left  bank. 
At  12.40  p.m.  we  descended  some  200  feet  or  so,  and  after  crossing  the  dry  bed  of 
a  hill  stream  which  flows  down  from  the  south-west  when  in  flood,  we  ascended  its 
left  bank,  and  then  our  path,  which  was  somewhat  broken  in  places,  and  covered 
with  huge  stones,  wound  about  over  fine  undulating  country.  At  1  p.m.  we  all 
left  the  path  to  go  and  look  at  a  hot-water  spring  in  the  jungle  a  few  yards  or  so  to 
the  north  of  us,  and  I  halted  close  to  it  for  20  minutes.  The  spring  is  a  very 
diminutive  one,  and  the  water  is  tasteless.  It  is  warm,  but  not  too  hot  to  sit  in. 
Chows&  and  his  Khamtis,  as  also  my  Mishmi  porters,  washed  themselves  in  it. 
The  Mishmis  tell  mo  that  it  used  to  be  some  distance  further  to  the  north-west  of 
where  it  now  is. 

Leaving  again  at  1 .  20  pjn.  we  passed  through  a  large  grove  of  lime  trees,  bare 
of  fruity  and  emerged  on  to  a  splendid  piece  of  flat  country,  covered  with  short 
firoet-bitten  grass  and  ferns,  and  we  kept  along  in  a  north-easterly  direction  until 
1.80  p.m.,  when  we  struck  the  Brahmaputra  again,  running  down  from  the  E.N.E., 
and  our  path  was  stony  and  uneven  for  ten  minutes  or  so,  when  it  became  very  good, 
and  we  continued  in  an  east-north-easterly  direction  over  a  fine  plateau  covered 
with  short  grass  and  over  three-quarters  of  a  mile  wide,  till  10  minutes  past  2  p.m., 
when  I  halted  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  from  the  Brahmaputra  for  10  minutes. 
At  20  minutes  to  2  p.m.  we  passed  a  large  hill  stream,  coming  down  strongly  from 
the  south,  and  falling  into  the  Brahmaputra  on  its  left  bank.  Snows  visible  to 
N.N.W.,  8.,  S.S.W.,  and  S.W.,  those  to  N.N.W.  being  close-to.  We  first  saw 
these  snows  about  a  quarter  of  an  hour  or  so  before  I  halted.  The  hills  on  the 
left  bank  are  steep  and  rocky,  as  also  thoee  on  this  bank  immediately  above  the 
plateau.    Pine  trees,  some  of  them  exceptionally  fine,  to  be  seen  everywhere,  and 


640  UK.  J.  F.  MEEDHAM'S  JOUKNEr 

■8  tlie  path  ia  strcirn  witli  tliclr  needles  it  ia  very  stippciy.  There  used  to  te  >  luge 
Tibetan  tIUe^  clow  to  this  spot  y«ari  ago ;  but  the  vilkgen  first  reftued  hi  pay 
tevetiue  to  the  RimS  oflicials,  and  next  cadeavonred  to  throw  off  tlietr  aUegtaiM^  M 
they  were  attacked,  I  aui  infotmed,  by  a,  large  force  from  lUmfi,  and  the  Tillage  WU 
burnt  and  a  large  number  of  the  inhabitanta  were  killed. 

The  remaioa  of  stone  n-alls,  erected  to  protect  cultivated  crops  from  the  rangM 
of  cattle,  are  still  to  be  seen  about.  At  2.25  p-m.,  continuing  our  journey,  we  pm- 
cee«led  fur  a  fen-  minutes  a  little  to  the  treat  of  north,  and  then  deec«ndjiig  hdw 
30  feet  or  so,  wo  crossed  a.  large  hill  stream,  now  easily  fordable,  coming  down  frooi 
the  north-west,  and  after  crossing  it  ascended  in  a  north-easterly  direction  a  alMp 
path  for  some  350  feet,  and  got  ou  to  a  fine,  q«n,  and  semi-level  piece  of  oouotry. 
Elevation  3300  feet  (Brahmaputra  a  short  distance  to  the  S.S.S.  of  us),  and  at  a 
quarter  to  3  p.m.  I  again  baited  for  15  minutes  to  let  stragglers  come  up.  Tbea 
continuing  again  at  3  p.m.,  we  proceeded  in  a  north-easterly  direction  along  n  path 
which  was  at  times  very  winding  until  8.25  p.m.,  when  I  again  baited  for  10 
minutes  opposite  a  fine  waterfall  coming  down  from  the  E.3.G.,  and  falling  Into  Um 
Brahmaputra  on  its  left  bank.  The  valley  in  this  vicinity  is  wide,  and  the  Brahma- 
putra is  running  from  the  N.N.E,  Snow  is  visible  a  long  way  ahead,  as  also  a  little 
to  the  west  ward. 

Leaving  again  at  8.35  p.m.,  we  proceeded  north-east,  and  afterwards  turned  a 
little  more  to  the  north,  and  crossed  a  small  hiil  stream  coming  down  from  the 
north-west,  and  ascending  it«  left  bank  we  continued  along  the  edge  of  a  spur  covered 
with  Jungle  for  a  while,  and  then  descending  gradually  for  some  250  feet,  we  came 
upon  a  small  stream  trickling  duwn  from  the  north-west,  and  at  10  minutes  past 
4  p.m.  1  pitched  my  camp  close  to  it.  Elevation  2900  foet.  The  valley  ia  con- 
siderably narrower  just  here.  The  spot  was  not  a  desirable  one  for  a  camp,  aa  the 
only  available  water  is  bad,  while  wood  is  scarce  and  the  space  Is  very  limited ;  but 
I  was  informed  that  there  is  a  Tibetan  village  a  short  distance  ahead,  and  feaiiQ; 
that  if  the  villagers  discovered  as  in  their  vicinity  they  would  send  in  word  Ut  Uie 
ItimA  officials,  and  that  lUey  would  moat  probably  send  out  a  force  and  jffevent  our 
proceeding  any  further  into  the  country,  1  considered  it  advisable  t«  halt  when 
1  did. 

We  are  now  only  a  little  more  than  one  march -from  Bim&,  so  we  shall  loun  know 
our  fate.  ChowsA  is  still  somewhat  despondeut.  He  has  not  forgotten  the  treatmsct 
he  received  when  he  visted  these  parts  ten  years  ago,  and  being  (as  all  " 
are)  very  proud,  be  is  loath  to  givs  them  the  opportunity  of  insultios 
presence  of  the  Mishniis  who  are  with  us.  I,  on  the  other  hand,  <i,.  i. 
mind  being  rudely  treated  of  even  insulted,  so  long  as  I  succeed  iu  r. 
and  he  appears  to  be  much  astonished,  as  also,  I  believe,  disgusted  . 
difference.  We  were  marching  for  Bj  hours  to-day,  exoluaJTaof  g('  '  ' 
Iffllh  was  a  very  good  one  during  the  greater  pOtUoit  gf  ' 
travelled  11  miles.  Our  general  direction  I  calctdaMM^ 
this  ii  ihc«r  guesswork,  for  our  path  often  wtnu^ 
spurs  which  run  down  into  the  BrahmapiH 
march  was  certainly  an  easy  one  comji 
hitherto  mode. 

SunJay,  January  3rrf,— LovelyJ 
at  7.30  ».m.,  and  the  ground  i 
(which  is  some  distance  below  J 
faintly  roaring  from  where  wo , 
camp.    Left  camp  at  0  a.m. ' 
Mishmis  could  be  persuaded  ■ 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  641 

northerly  direction,  we  continued  along  a  capital  path  hordering  on  the  Brahmaputra 
till  a  quarter  to  10  a.m.,  when,  leaving  .the  river,  we  turned  nearly  due  west,  and 
{vooeeded  for  some  distance  up  the  right  bank  of  a  very  large  hill  stream  called  the 
Kruptt,  coming  down  strongly  from  the  westward ;  and  then  crossing  it  on  a  log 
thrown  across  it  for  the  purpose,  with  a  rough  railing  to  it,  we  ascended  its  left 
bank,  and  at  five  minutes  to  10  a.m.  I  halted  for  five  minutes.  The  Kruptt  is  not 
fordable  even  now.  Snow  is  to  be  seen  close  to  this  spot  to  the  southward,  as  also 
to  the  south-west  some  distance  away.  The  valley,  which  was  somewhat  narrow  in 
the  vicinity  of  our  last  night's  camp,  commenced  widening  again  soon  after  we  began 
marching  this  morning. 

Continuing  our  journey  at  five  minutes  past  10  a.m.,  we  turned  sharp  round  to 
north  of  north-west  and  proceeded  along  a  fine  level  path  for  a  few  minutes  when 
we  struck  the  Brahmaputra  again,  which  is  running  from  the  north-west  (below  us, 
i.  e.  to  the  south-east,  it  appears  to  flow  in  a  very  winding  manner,  and  just  above 
where  we  are  it  is  coming  down  from  a  little  west  of  north),  and  we  continued  along 
a  good  path  just  above  it  till  20  minutes  past  10  a.m.,  when  we  came  upon  some 
small  patches  of  Pobos&  cultivation,  lying  just  below  a  small  Tibetan  village  called 
Kan*dd. 

We  could  not  see  the  village,  as  it  is  on  a  flat  piece  of  country  some  200  or 
300  feet  above  us.  I^  halted  here,  and  sent  a  man  up  to  the  village  to  see  if 
Tflggriison  was  there,  but  the  man  had  scarcely  reached  the  village  when  a  large 
herd  of  cattle  were  seen  emerging  from  some  pine  trees  to  oiur  north,  and  soon  after- 
wards Tftggrfison  and  his  cousin  appeared.  Ho  was,  of  course,  quite  prepared  to 
see  us,  as  we  had  sent  on  a  messenger  to  tell  him  of  our  intention  to  visit  Rimft. 
Chowsft  told  him  that  I  wished  him  to  [nrecede  us  to  Rimft  and  inform  the  Jdn  of 
my  arrival,  and  solicit  him  to  allow  me  to  visit  him,  but  he  at  first  refused  point- 
blank  to  do  anything  of  the  kind,  and  upon  his  asking  why  I  had  undertaken  such 
a  long,  arduous,  and  disagreeable  journey,  Chowsft  explained  that  I  wished,  if  pos- 
able,  to  find  out  where  the  Brahmaputra  took  its  rise  from.  Tftggriison  seemed 
sceptical  that  I  bad  spoken  the  truth,  and  he  said : — ''  The  LftmA  Raja  will  never 
believe  that  this  is  your  real  reason  for  coming  to  these  parts.  He  is  not  like  you 
Sahebs.  He  is  more  like  a  dog  than  anything  else,  and  he  is  not  to  be  trusted.  He 
will  find  ail  sorts  of  excuses  to  pick  a  quarrel  with  you,  for  he  will  say  you  have 
come  to  look  at  the  place  with  the  ulterior  object  of  taking  it.** 

After  which  be  declared  that  as  he  does  not  know  Tibetan  he  could  not  talk  to 
the  Jdn,  and  so  that  it  would  be  useless  my  sending  him  there.  I  explained  that 
this  difficulty  could  very  easily  be  got  over  by  his  taking  the  ransomed  Tibetan  with 
him,  but  this  he  pooh-poohed.  After  this  Chowsft  took  him  aside,  and  had  a  long 
talk  with  him,  and  having  promised  him  in  my  name  a  couple  of  guns  if  he  would 
do  as  I  wished  him  to  do,  Tftggriison  subsequently  intimated  that  he  would  cross 
the  river  and,  {Nreoedhig  us  to  Rima,  would  inform  the  Governor  of  my  being  close 
by,  and  tell  him  that  I  wished  to  be  permitted  to  have  an  interview  with  him ;  but 
he  told  me  plainly  that  it  was  impossible  to  say  how  the  Governor  would  receive  the 
information,  and  after  some  further  conversation  he  left  us  to  cross  the  river,  as 
arranged. 

During  Ghows&*s  conversation  with  T&ggriison  the  latter  told  him  that  he  felt 
sure  that  the  JSn  would  not  permit  me  to  go  into  Rimft,  as  also  that  he  would  not 
consent  to  see  me.  Tftggriison  also  informed  him  that  the  Tibetan  Raja  is  so  terribly 
exacting  and  tyrannical  that  every  one  of  the  ryots  would  joyfully  welcome  the 
advent  of  a  large  force,  provided  they  came  to  take  the  country,  and  Ghowsft  says 
that  he  can  fully  corroborate  all  this. 

My  conversation  with  Tftggriison  delayed  us  for  two  hours.     Continuing  our 


S43  MR.  J.  F.  WEEtiHAM'S  JOURNEY 

journey  again  at  five  miimWB  past  12  p.ni.,  we  prowaieii  in  a  northerly  diKctioa 
along  a.  good  and  even  path  till  12.20  {i.ni.,  when  we  cr039e<]  n  snuli  hiU  stream 
running  down  from  the  westward,  and  10  luinutcs  Inter  our  pnlli,  wliich  had  brcome 
Btouy  and  up  and  down,  brought  us  close  to  the  Brahmaputra,  which  is  oomingduKD 
from  the  noith-enat.  We  parsed  a  Tihelan  village  on  the  lell  bank,  coDs'iBlin^  of 
four  or  five  wretched-looking  honaea,  with  a  little  terrace  cultiTBtion  in  theii 
vicinity.  The  valley  ia  very  narrow  again  just  here,  there  being  scarcely  uny  flal 
country  on  either  bank. 

At  a  quarter  to  1  p.m.  we  crossed  a  small  strenm  coming  down  from  the  west- 
ward, and  1  saw  another  about  the  same  time  coming  down  from  the  eastward,  and 
falling  into  the  Brahmaputra  on  its  left  bank,  and  our  path  continned  stony  and  up 
and  down  until  1  p.m.,  when  we  turned  (o  the  nortb-east  for  a  little  while,  and 
then  a  point  or  two  further  to  the  eastward  till  1 .  15  p.m.,  when  we  got  on  to  ■ 
plateau,  and  1  halted  for  five  minutes  to  let  stragglers  come  up.  Tlie  Brahroapntn 
just  here  is  full  of  bends.  Saw  snow  to  N.N.W.  and  southward  on  lo|»ofhi<!h 
peaks  only.  Pine  trees,  some  unusuaUy  fine,  everywhere.  The  valley  here  is, 
however,  insignificant,  and  what  flat  country  there  is,  is  covered  with  large  stones. 

At  1,20  p.m.  wc  proceeded  north-east  along  a  capital  even  |^ath,  and  passed 
some  low-lying  rico-tields,  and  soon  afterivardd  we  crossed  three  small  streanu^, 
coming'  down  very  cloee  t<^Bihcr  from  the  north-west;  then  ascending  some  300 
feet  up  a  steep  zigzag  path,  got  at  a  quarter  to  2  p.m.  on  to  tho  edge  of  an 
undulating  spur,  elevation  3400  feet;  I  halted  here  fur  10  minutes.  The  hills  on 
llio  left  hank  are  rocky  and  precipitous,  and  come  right  down  into  Ihe  Brahmaputra, 
whicli  winds  about  in  the  most  fontaiitic  manner  away  to  the  south-west.  Fine 
view  of  snows  to  the  north-west,  north,  and  north-east. 

Continuing  again  at  five  mioutes  to  2  p.m.  in  n  northerly  direction,  we 
descended  some  200  feet,  and  continuing  along  a  level  pleco  of  country  for  half  s 
mile  or  so,  we  descended  another  200  feet,  and  leaving  Ihe  vicinity  of  the  Brahma- 
putrs,  we  turned  in  a  north-westerly  direction  ;  and,  continuing  ho  for  nearly  n  mite, 
we  turned  bharp  to  the  eastward  and  croiised,  by  means  of  n  log,  a  small  liver  callti) 
the  ECcbCl,  running  down  strongly  from  the  north-west.  This  river  is  not  fonUhle, 
even  at  this  season  of  the  year.  It  is  said  to  be  a  branch  of  the  M'daon  (or  Dtl), 
which  we  crossed  on  tho  2&th  of  December,  and  there  is  a  path  along  its  banks 
leading  lo  Tibet.    I  halted  here  20  minutes. 

Starting  again  at  10  minutes  to  3  p.m.  in  a  south -south-easterly  direction,  ne 
ascended  some  200  feet  up  the  edge  of  a  spur  on  the  left  bank  of  the  KOchb,  and  ^ol 
on  to  a  fine  plateau  (saw  snow  to  the  northward) ;  then  turned  gmdoAlly  to  cnirt, 
and  then  to  north-east  again,  and  at  a  quarter  past  3  p.m.  wc  were  looking  right 
down  into  the  Brahmaputra,  which  is  a  hundred  feet  or  so  below  us  to  the  eastward, 
and  running  from  north-west  down  a  good  long  reach.  At  S.'^O  p.m.  we  passed  llic 
largestTibctan  village,  consisting  of  some  twenty  houses,  1  haveyelseen,  Itiscallnl 
ESnau,  and  it  has  a  good  deal  of  terrace  coltivation  in  its  vicinity.  Then,  oonttnuiu:; 
a  point  or  two  west  of  north,  we  crossed  at  25  minuti>s  to  4  p.m.  a  hill  (tieam 
(doming  down  from  the  westward,  and,  ascending  its  left  bank,  I  halted  for  fice 
minutes  to  let  stragglers  come  up.  Saw  a  little  snow  (o  the  eastward  close  to  nf. 
Continuing  again  at  20  minutes  to  4  p.m.,  we  proceeded  along  an  uneven  auil 
stony  path  till  10  minutes  past  4  p.m.  when  we  crossed  a  dirty  little  stream  running 
down  from  tho  north-west,  and  then  rising  a  few  feet  we  got  on  to  a  flat  piece  of 
country,  where  I  pttctied  my  camp.  Elevation  3100  feec.  Brahmaputra  running: 
100  yards  or  so  to  the  south-east  of  na  down  from  west  of  no'  th.  Snow  visible  to 
the  northward,  and  also  a  htile  to  the  south-east.  We  were  marching  for  41  hoars 
to-day,  and  1  calculate  that  we  did  about  nine  miles.    General  direction  N.N.E. 


L 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  513 

We  are  now  only  five  or  six  miles  from  Rimft,  and  so  to-morrow  we  shall  know 
onr  £ftte.  I  myself  do  not  believe  that  the  Tibetans  will  harm  us.  If,  however,  all 
that  the  Blishmis  have  told  me  be  tme  they  will  prove  inhospitable,  and  may 
possibly  peremptorily  order  me  out  of  their  country.  Directly  after  pitching  camp 
I  sent  off  Tftggriison*8  cousin,  who  is  with  me,  with  five  rupees  to  endeavour  to  get 
some  fowls.  We  have  been  very  short  of  good  food  for  the  past  three  days,  having 
had  nothing  but  tough,  tasteless  beef,  and  bad,  dirty  rice.  Vegetables,  even  of  the 
commonest  kind,  we  have  not  tasted  for  some  ten  days.  The  country  is  beyond 
doubt  a  wretched  one  for  a  white  man  to  travel  through,  so  different  to  Afghanistan, 
where  one  can  get  capital  bread  and  first-class  sheep. 

Monday^  January  Ath, — Up  very  early  and  wrote  a  letter  to  the  Deputy 
Commissioner,  giving  him  a  short  accoimt  of  my  movements  to  date,  and  at  a 
quarter  to  10  a.m.  Tftggriison^s  cousin  returned  from  his  visit  to  a  Tibetan  village  in 
quest  of  fowls,  &c.,  and  reported  that  the  villagers  would  sell  him  nothing,  as  they 
fear  incurring  the  Rim&  (Governor's  displeasure.  We  started  in  a  north-north- 
westerly direction  immediately  afterwards  for  Rim&,  the  Brahmaputra  coming  down 
from  a  similar  direction,  and  soon  afterwards  passed  a  good-sized  stream  coming 
down  from  the  north-east,  and  falling  into  the  Brahmaputra  on  its  left  bank.  Hills 
on  this  (right)  bank  slope  gently  down  to  the  river,  and  I  saw  a  little  new  cultiva- 
tion about,  the  ground  having  been  scratched  merely  with  a  plough.  There  is  very 
little  flat  country  on  the  left  bank.  At  10.15  a.m.  saw  Brahmaputra  coming  down 
a  good  long  reach  from  N.N.E.,  and  snow  was  visible  to  W.N.W.,  N.N.W.,  north- 
cast  and  E.N.E.  Our  path  lay  just  above  the  Brahmaputra,  and  was  a  very  good 
one  as  far  as  this.  Saw  a  good  many  Tibetan  men  and  women  belonging  to  a  village 
(name  of  which  I  could  not  get)  close  to,  but  out  of  sight.  They  are  all  clothed  in 
the  long  dressing-gown-looking  garment  I  have  before  alluded  to,  and  appear  to  be 
very  dirty  and  poor.  They  stared  very  hard  at  us,  but  kept  quite  aloof.  Some  of 
them  pointed,  however,  in  the  direction  of  Rim&,  and  then  in  a  pantomimic  manner 
drew  Uieir  hands  across  their  throats,  meaning  us,  I  suppose,  to  understand  that  this 
was  the  treatment  we  might  expect  on  arriving  there. 

At  25  minutes  to  11  a.m.  the  river  was  coming  down  from  the  N.N.W.,  and  our 
path  was  still  close  to,  though  a  little  above  it,  and  ten  minutes  later  we  turned  to 
the  westward,  and  descending  a  few  feet  we  crossed  a  good-sized  hill  stream  coming 
down  from  the  westward.  Then  turning  sharp  round  to  the  eastward  we  ascended 
its  left  bank  and  turned  to  N.N.W.  again,  and  our  path  led  us  over  a  fine  plateau. 
Elevation  3200  feet.  The  valley  winds  just  here  considerably,  but  the  hills  on  the 
left  bank  come  right  down  into  the  river. 

At  10  minutes  past  11  a.m.  I  halted  for  30  minutes  just  above  the  Brahmaputra, 
which  was  running  down  from  the  N.N.E.  Snow  to  be  seen  to  south-east  by  south, 
south-east,  east,  north-west  by  west,  and  west.  The  path  to  this  was  a  very  good 
one,  as  it  lay  chiefly  through  flat  country,  covered  with  short  grass.  The  hills  on 
the  left  bank  still  come  right  down  into  the  river,  but  there  is  a  fine  broad  valley  on 
tills  bank.  Starting  again  at  11.40  a.m.  we  proceeded  along  a  capital  level  path, 
just  above  the  Brahmaputra  in  a  northerly  direction,  turning  gradually  a  little  more 
easterly  till  5  minutes  to  12,  when  we  crossed  a  small  hill  stream,  coming  down 
from  the  north-west,  and  I  then  halted  30  minutes  to  lunch.  At  12.30  p.m.,  con- 
tinuing our  journey  in  a  north,  slightly  easterly  direction,  we  arrived  at  a  quarter 
to  1  p.m«  just  below  the  Tibetan  village  of  Sa-m6,  where  the  Padres  Erick  and 
Boary  were  killed.  I  tried  to  purchase  a  few  provbions  here,  but  no  one  would  sell 
us  a  things  lest  the  Rimft  Governor,  coming  to  hear  of  it,  should  have  the  party  who 
did  so  called  in  and  order  him  to  be  beaten  and  fined. 

This  is  the  village  where  my  ransomed  Tibetan  lives,  and  his  brother,  who  had  got 

VOL.  n.  2  N 


k 


ha  MR.  J.  K.  NEEDHAM'^  JOURNKY 

intimation  from  some  one  of  our  arriral  in  the  vicinity,  and  wlio  had  also  appwently 
beard  how  hie  brother  liad  come  to  be  ransomed  and  brought  buck  home,  appeared 
and  brought  him  down  a  new  coat.  He  alao  gave  me  a  fowl  and  a  little  rioe,  and 
presented  the  EhamtiB  and  Mishmt  porters  with  a  small  baslcetful  of  fermeDted 
Pobos4;  and  during  the  convctsation  which  transpired  while  we  were  halting  lo 
receive  bis  gifts,  he  eiplaincd,  by  paiilomiinic  signs,  that  he  and  his  brother  intended 
fleeing  to  Aseata  with  ue  when  I  returned  fcoiu  Itlmfi.  My  oneroid  shotrcd  the 
elevation  here  to  be  3600  feet. 

Afttr  parting  with  my  ransomed  Triend's  brother  we  continued  our  journey  for  n 
short  distance  a  little  to  the  north  of  west,  and  then  descending  100  feet  or  so, 
crossed  a  small  alream  called  the  S5-chu,  coming  down  from  the  north-weal,  after 
wliich,  ascending  its  left  hank,  we  continued  in  a  north -easterly  direction  along  a 
good  path,  and  soon  afterwards  came  upon  some  recently  cultivated  libels  belonging 
to  the  Tibetan  village  of  Sanggfl,  and  at  10  minutes  laet  1  p.m.,  after  turning  (he 
edge  of  a  spur,  we  came  suddenly  npon  a  Gne  open  valley  (rlevalion  3000  feet), 
some  2)  miles  long,  and  more  than  a  mile  brood,  vitb  a  good  deal  of  tciracc 
cultivation  about  it  at  our  (south -we&t)  end. 

1  hatted  here  for  five  minutes  or  bo  in  order  to  make  a  few  notes.  The  Br^mo- 
pntra  (which  is  some  little  distance  to  the  cast  of  us)  is  running  down  from 
nearly  due  north  just  here,  and  I  can  trace  it  (for  two  miles  or  so)  to  the  northern 
end  of  the  valley,  where  two  distinctly  visible  openings  can  be  seen  in  ifae  hills,  one 
to  the  west  of  north,  the  other  n  few  points  east  of  ditto,  and  my  Mishmi  porters 
(oiauy  of  whom  have  risiled  liimft  often  on  former  occasions)  tell  me  that  the  ofien- 
ing  to  the  west  of  north  is  the  one  down  which  the  Tirahmaputra  flows,  and  that  the 
Tit)etiins  assert  that  it  lakes  its  rise  in  some  high  mountains  away  to  the  north-west, 
diatflot  about  15  days'  joumey,  and  that  on  the  other  side  of  ihat  mountain 
there  is  another  river  (the  Nagongehu  on  A — k'a  map,  I  lake  it),  which  flows  away 
west  i[itD  the  Ahor  country.  My  Mishmi  porters  cannot  tell  mo  the  naiDe  of  the 
river  which  flows  through  the  other  opening,  which  is  visible  in  the  hills  (to  tbe 
north  of  us).  From  a  copy  of  A — k's  map  which  I  have  with  me  it  would  ap]«ar 
to  be  the  Zaynl-chu.  The  ransomed  Tibetan,  however,  calls  it  the  L4il,  and  he  (ells 
me  that  it  is  now  fordable.  There  can  be  no  doubt  the  river  marked  Hong  Thal-cha 
in  his  map  is  identical  with  the  Brahniapulro,  and  it  is  correctly  shown  there  tou 
as  taking  its  rise  in  the  moimtKins  situated  about  n  fifteen  days'  joumey  to  lie 
norlh-west  of  liimIL 

I  cannot  see  Rimft  from  where  we  are,  hut  from  what  my  Mishmi  porters  Icli  nic 
it  must  be  close  to  the  spot  where  the  river  flowing  down  the  opening  visible  iu 
tliD  hills  east  of  oorth,  empties  itself  into  the  Brahmaputra.  The  hills  bordering; 
the  valley  lo  Ihe  north-west  and  south-east  appear  less  bleak  than  ihey  were  further 
bock,  and  their  height  is  iuaigcificant.  The  Brahmaputra,  too,  is  minus  the  large 
bouldi'TS  we  have  been  accustomed  to  see  lUily  of  laic.  My  Dir  ftro  porters  do  not 
recognise  the  word  Zaytll ;  when  nsked  what  the  name  of  the  valley  is,  ihey  replied 
LfliiiA.  The  rnnsomed  Tibetan  aUo  looked  conlused  uhen  ChowfA  nskol  him  its 
name,  though  he  subsequently  said  Zai  WJl.  He  tells  roe,  loo,  that  iherv  is  another 
tmall  river  close  to  BimS  called  the  Mfcltil,  which  takes  its  rise  in  (he  aame  hills 
as  the  Nngong-chu.    Cliu  is  undoubtedly  the  correct  word  for  "  watw." 

(^utinuiog  our  coarse  along  a  flue  level  path  lending  through  some  recMtly 
cultivated  "fields"  down  the  ccntio  of  the  valley  we  croiaid  at  1.35  p.m.  ■ 
small  sandy  bay,  lying  close  alongside  of  Ibe  Brahmaputra,  pasting  several  line- 
looking  mules  grazing  close  by,  and  then  our  path  led  us  through  a  piece  of 
country  covered  with  low  scrub,  and  at  10  rainutea  to  2  p.m.  we  aaw  tome 
mounted  men  proceeding  to  tiie  southward  along  the  pine-clad  slopBEome  distance  to 


« ALONG  THE  LOHIX  BRAHMAPUTRA.  615 

the  westward  of  as,  and  immediately  afterwards  we  observed  a  small  groop  of  men 
— apparently  armed,  for  we  saw  flashes,  issuing  from  their  midst  every  now  and 
again — collected  on  the  left  bank  a  short  distance  ahead  of  ns,  as  also  two  or  three 
mounted  men  galloping  about  in  their  Ticinity,  and  as  we  drew  nearer  to  the  spot 
where  this  group  was  gathered  some  of  them  commenced  shouting  in  an  unmistak- 
ably hostile  manner,  and  were  immediately  answered  by  others,  whom  we  could  not 
see,  on  our  bank,  while  several  guns  were  simultaneously  fired  in  quick  succession. 
We  nevertheless  proceeded  quietly  in  the  direction  of  the  group  alluded  to,  but  after 
continuing  for  a  short  distance  we  got  to  a  nasty  low  patch  of  ground,  with  thick 
scrub  growing  very  close  to  the  path  on  either  side,  and  finding  that  the  shouting 
was  becoming  momentarily  greater  and  the  firing  was  increasing,  I  halted  my  party 
and  waited  to  see  what  would  happen,  Chow8&  remarking  (in  anything  but  a  fright- 
ening tone  however,  for,  like  all  Khamtis,  he  is  no  coward),  '*  There,  Saheb !  I  told 
you  that  we  should  not  be  well  received,  but  you  would  not  listen  to  me.  We  shall 
probably  all  be  shot." 

We  were  so  comjdetely  hemmed  in  by  the  scrub  alluded  to  that  we  could  not  see 
a  soul,  though  it  was  evident  from  the  shouting  and  firing  which  was  proceeding 
that  we  were  being  speedily  surrounded,  and  some  of  my  Mishmi  porters,  who  had 
pushed  on  a  short  distance  ahead  of  us  and  had  peered  round  the  comer  of  the  scrub, 
reported  that  an  armed  {)arty  barred  the  path  by  which  we  should  have  to  proceed 
were  we  to  advance  any  further,  and  while  I  was  hesitating  whether  to  proceed  or 
extricate  ourselves  from  the  scrub  (which  not  only  completely  obscured  our  view, 
but  would  likewise  minimise  our  chance  of  defending  ourselves  were  we  to  be 
attacked)  by  retiring  a  short  distance,  a  fine,  powerful  young  Tibetan  was  seen 
making  his  way  hurriediy  towards  us.  Upon  arriving  close  to  where  Molesworth 
and  I  stood,  he  doffed  a  cloth  which  he  was  wearing  round  his  head  and  respectfully 
saluted  us,  but  having  done  so,  he  passed  brusquely  by  us,  and  seizing  the  ransomed 
Tibetan  by  the  arm  he  led  him  aside,  and  after  the  pair  had  seated  themselves  the 
young  man  entered  into  an  earnest  and  hurried  conversation  with  him.  After  they 
had  been  thus  conversing  for  some  minutes  Chows&  and  I  walked  over  to  their 
vicinity,  for  the  shouting  and  firing  of  guns  was  still  going  on,  and  Ghowsft  asked 
the  ransomed  Tibetan  what  the  Rimft  man  had  said,  but  instead  of  replying  promptly 
to  Chows&*8  query,  he  pretended  he  had  not  quite  understood  it,  and  even  after  it 
hsd  been  repeated  he  was  very  slow  at  replying  to  it,  and  appeared  to  me  to  be 
thinking  what  he  should  say.  At  last,  however,  he  blurted  out :  '*  The  Eim&  man 
is  an  emissary  of  the  JSn,  and  he  has  been  sent  to  find  out  who  you  are  or  what  you 
want,  as  also  to  ask  you  if  you  have  come  to  take  the  country.**  Chowsft  told  him  to 
reply  that  we  had  come  from  Assam  upon  a  perfectly  peaceful  errand,  viz.  to  endeavour 
to  trace  the  source  of  the  Brahmaputra,  and  to  explain  that  the  question  whether  we 
had  come  to  take  the  country  or  not  scarcely  needed  a  reply,  inasmuch  as  we  had 
not  come  with  any  force,  much  less  an  armed  one.  After  the  ransomed  Tibetan  had 
interpreted  Chowsft*s  speech,  the  Rim&  emissary  continued  talking  in  the  same  low 
and  earnest  strain,  and  I  accordingly  told  Chowsft  to  ask  again  what  it  was  about ; 
but  he  had  either  been  speaking  in  an  uncomplimentary  manner  about  us,  or  his 
speech  contained  threats  from  the  Jen,  which  my  ransomed  friend  considered  it 
better  I  should  not  hear,  for  he  would  not  tell  us. 

I  then  requested  the  emissary  to  return  speedily  to  his  master,  and  having 
acquainted  him  with  all  he  had  heard,  solicit  him  to  allow  me  to  cross  the  river  and 
l)ay  my  respect  to  him ;  and  after  conversing  for  some  few  minutes  longer  with  the 
ransomed  Tibetan,  he  suddenly  arose  and  left  us,  and  the  ransomed  Tibetan  informed 
me  that  he  had  gone  off  to  do  as  I  had  desired  him  ta  The  shouting  and  firing  not 
having  diminished  in  the  least,  I  suggested  that  we  should  vacate  the  spot  we  were 

2  N  2 


646  m:.  J.  F.  needham"s  journey 

ou  rind  seek  a  more  suitable  one,  but  the  nuisomod  Tibelan  declared  tlial  ihe  lUinl 
emissarj  had  particularly  requealed  him  to  keep  us  where  we  were  until  he  should 
retum,audhenililcd,"It  is  better  too  fur  you  to  remain  where  yoti  are,  as  you  sreout 
of  sight  here.  If  you  get  into  open  ground  tho  people  may  become  excited  and  fire 
upon  yoii,"  So  I  decided  to  stay  where  I  was.  It  was  ateut  3  p.m,  when  the  Biml 
emissary  left  vs,  and  after  his  departure  we  had  a  fvmewhat  anxious  time  of  it,  for 
the  shouting  and  liring  not  only  continued  Gpasmudically,  hut  a  bullet  waa  sent 
»  hizzing  over  our  licads  and  struck  the  ground  within  a  few  inches  of  one  of  my 
Miahmi  porters,  while  he  was  endearouring  to  reconnoitre  the  country  from  a  little 
knoll  some  20  feet  or  so  from  where  Moleaworth  and  1  were  silting.  It  was  in  vwn 
that  I  looked  for  the  arrival  of  old  H&kiison  or  T&ggriison,  for  ueither  cnme  near  ns, 
and  to  make  matters  worse  the  l!im&  emissary  had  declared  before  leaving  us  that 
neither  of  the  men  mentioned  had  preceded  us ;  that  every  one,  in  fuct,  was  iguorant 
of  onr  being  in  the  neighbourhood  until  a  Tibetan  had  c^me  in  hurriedly  to  Biml 
and  reported  that  a  party  of  strangers  were  close  to  tho  spot. 

It  was  not  until  4  p.m.  that  tho  emissary  returned,  and  he  was  ns  provokingly 
uncomraunicatiTB  (to  us)  as  ho  had  previously  been.  Following  his  former  tactics, 
he  aat  himself  down  with  the  ransomed  Tibetan,  and  again  entered  Inlti  a  codG- 
dential  conversation  io  &  low  tone  of  voice,  on  seeing  which  ChowiA  became  very 
resUre  and  angry,  while  I  was  of  course  anxioua  Io  know  the  result  of  his  conrctsa- 
tion  with  the  JSn,  and  so  ChowsCl  and  I  again  walked  over  t^  where  the  pair  were 
sitting.  I  directed  Chows&  to  ask  the  ransomed  Tibetan  what  the  emissaiy  was 
saying  (for  he  did  not  reUx  speaking,  even  when  we  weot  over  to  him),  but  he  again 
appeared  averse  to  act  as  interpreter.  Upon  being  pressed,  however,  aomewhal 
sharply,  to  state  what  tho  emissary  was  saying,  ho  said  the  man  had  informed  him 
that  ho  had  crossed  the  river  and  delivered  my  messnge  to  the  JBn,  who  had  gone  off 
to  acquaint  the  Gnja  (I  had  heard  in  the  morning  that  a  Ilaja — whose  name  I  wax 
afterwards  informfd  is  TSpfiU — is  here  on  inspection  or  something);  and  that,  as 
the  lattcr's  residence  is  some  distance  off,  some  delay  would  occur  ere  his  orders  con- 
cerning us  wore  received.  1  then  told  Chowtft  to  lull  the  ransomed  Tilietan  to 
request  tho  emissary  lii  stop  the  firing  and  shouting  that  was  going  on,  as  also  to 
compkin  to  him  about  the  bullut  which  had  been  fired  into  our  midst,  and  Chowsi 
did  80  in  a  palpably  angry  aud  excited  tone  of  .voice  The  ransomed  Tibetan  inler- 
prsted  Chowsft's  speech  in  due  course,  but  Ihe  emissary  did  not  appear  to  be  in  the 
least  perturbed  at  it,  though  (if  the  ransomed  Tibetan  interpreted  truly)  be  ei- 
prtssed  regret  that  the  bullet  had  been  fired  amongst  ua,  and  doclared  that  he  had 
alfeady  upbrwded  hia  people  for  having  dona  so.  As  regards  the  firing  and  aboatin; 
lie  said  he  had  no  power  to  atop  them, 

I  waited  patiently  till  4.30  p.m.,  and  then  finding  that  no  orders  were  fortb- 
coming  from  the  Itiija,  I  directed  Chowe&  to  ask  tho  emissary  (through  the  ransomed 
Tibetan)  to  show  us  a  anitable  spot  for  a  camp,  pointing  out  that  as  we  had  hnta  to 
erect,  firewood  (which  appeared  to  be  very  scarce)  to  collect,  and  our  food  to  c*ok, 
before  it  got  dark,  wo  could  no  longer  delay  camping.  He,  however,  refused  pmnt- 
blank  to  do  so,  excusing  himself  by  saying  that  he  could  do  nothing  for  us  until  iIm 
Raja  had  given  hia  orders  concerning  us,  I  accordingly  determined  to  act  lor  m jaelf, 
and  as  I  decided  to  encamp  for  the  night  on  a  little  sandy  bay  which  we  had  pund 
on  our  way  to  this  spot,  I  ordered  the  porters  to  pick  up  their  loadg,  and  we  com- 
menced retreating,  the  liimS  emissary  refusing  to  accompany  ua.  As  soon  ai  vi 
had  emerged  from  the  thickest  part  of  iho  scnib  which  bad  hitherto  obstructed  our 
view  of  what  had  been  going  on  on  ibo  slopes  above  ns,  we  saw  groups  of  armed  men 
ensconced  in  safe  places  of  vantage,  vis.  behind  trees,  &c.,  above  na,  and  one  of  thesr, 
which  we  pas£cd  within  200  yatda  or  so  of,  deliberately  called  out  for  pcnnission  to 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BBAHMAPUTBA.  647 

fire  at  ns  as  we  went  by ;  at  least  this  was  the  impression  which  their  tone  and 
actiooB  lefi  on  my  mind. 

After  proceeding  a  short  distance  in  the  direction  of  the  place  I  intended  camping 
on,  we  were  met  by  two  fully  armed  Tibetans,  mounted  on  sturdy-looking  1 3-hand 
ponies,  in  capital  condition,  who  peremptorily  ordered  my  Mishmi  porters  to  halt, 
which  they  at  once  did,  and  upon  my  asking  them  (through  the  ransomed  Tibetan) 
what  they  wanted,  they  asked  where  we  were  going  to,  and  I  told  them. 

We  then  proceeded  again,  and  the  two  mounted  men  followed  us  to  the  edge  of 
the  sandy  bay,  and  then  dismounted ;  and  soon  after  my  tent  had  been  pitched  they 
sauntered  jauntily  into  our  camp,  having  first  tethered  their  ponies,  and  pryingly 
examined  everything  they  saw,  as  likewise  closely  scrutinised  Molesworth  and 
myself.  They  seemed  especially  interested  with  my  cooking  paraphernalia,  and 
closely  examined  everything.  They  were  both  tall,  powerful-looking  fellows,  and 
were  clad  in  the  typical  long  loose  woollen  Tibetan  coat,  with  very  loose  flowing 
sleeves,  tied  up  at  the  waist.  Theirs  were,  however,  slightly  different  from  any  I 
had  hitherto  seen,  for  they  were  trimmed  round  the  edges  with  some  three  inches  or 
so  of  fur  (one  of  the  coats  was  trimmed  with  tiger  fur) ;  as  head-coverings  one  man 
wore  the  typical  billycock  hat,  with  a  broad  turned-up  rim,  of  the  most  aesthetic- 
looking  colour,  while  the  other  had  on  a  most  fantastic-looking  hat,  in  shape  like  a 
Welshwoman's,  except  that  the  crown  was  much  lower  and  the  straight  rim  broader. 
I  cannot  say  what  it  was  made  of,  but  it  looked  like  hard  felt,  coloured  blue  and  red. 
It  gave  me  the  idea  of  being  a  most  uncomfortable  head-dress,  for  instead  of  being 
large  enough  to  fit  on  to  the  wearer's  head,  it  was  poised  jauntily  on  one  side,  and 
was  kept  in  that  poeition  by  means  of  a  strap  which  passed  under  his  chin.  Their 
nether  garments  consisted,  as  far  as  I  could  tell,  of  white  Hindustani-looking  pajamas, 
and  these  were  tucked  inside  the  tops  of  their  long  boots,  unshapely  loose-fitting 
things,  with  thick  raw  hide  soles,  sewn  on  to  cotton  cloth  tops,  embroidered  in  places 
with  coloured  cotton.  I  noticed  one  of  them  was  wearing  an  undervest  made  of 
Assamese  Mooga  silk.  Both  men  had  pigtails,  and  the  one  wearing  the  fantastic- 
looking  hat  wore  what  hair  had  not  been  so  tied  up  in  long  straight  locks.  Both 
had  several  ornaments  studded  with  turquoises  tied  up  in  their  hair,  and  they  both 
wore  earrings  in  the  lobes  of  their  ears,  as  also  several  roughly  made  rings,  containing 
turquoise  and  other  stones,  on  their  fingers.  They  also  had  an  unusually  large 
massive-looking  Tibetan  "  madulis,"  which  we  so  often  see  the  Dig&ros  who  visit 
Sadiya  wearing.  Both  men  took  snuff  while  prowling  about.  They  dipped  their 
thumbs  (with  long  nails  to  them)  into  the  packet  containing  it,  and  then  sniffed  the 
same  up.  I  also  saw  one  of  them  blow  his  nose  upon— well — an  apology  for  a  hand- 
kerchief. It  was  a  small  coloured  piece  of  cloth,  about  eight  inches  long  by  six  inches 
broad.  He  used  both  hands  for  the  process,  which  he  performed  in  quite  a  neat  and 
orthodox  European  style.  Their  arms  consisted  of  long  strdght  swords,  the  handles 
of  which  were  studded  with  turquoises,  tied  round  their  waist,  and  one  man  had 
powder  and  priming  flasks,  made  of  wood,  with  leather  necks  to  facilitate  the 
measuring  out  of  powder,  hanging  about  him.  He  had  no  gun  with  him,  but  I  saw 
it  strapped  across  his  back  when  he  was  mounted.  It  was  the  only  one  I  had  seen 
close,  but  beyond  perceiving  that  it  was  a  matchlock  with  a  very  long  barrel  and 
peculiarly  shaped  stock,  as  also  that  it  had  a  peculiar  looking  stand,  like  a  two-prong 
fork,  with  a  wooden  handle  attached  to  it,  just  under  the  muzzle  and  lying  parallel 
with  it^  I  had  no  time  to  notice  it  minutely.  I  could  not  see  what  their  saddles  were 
like,  as  they  were  completely  hidden  by  the  coats  they  wore,  bnt  I  noticed  that  they 
rode  with  very  short  stirrups.  Their  bridles  were  made  of  fairly  soft  leather,  and 
there  was  nothing  peculiar  about  them  or  their  snaffle-bits.  I  noticed,  however, 
that  the  latter  were  strapped  up  much  too  tightly  into  their  ponies'  mouths.    I  was 


E48  MR.  .1,  F.  tJEEDHAM'S  JOURNEY 

told  aflerwarda  tliiil  tliese  two  giveils  do  not  beluiig  to  RUna.bnt  thatHieyliavee^ffw 
here  very  recently  with  the  Baja.  I  could  not  liud  out  what  lheir>rank  U,  Iml  I 
believe  they  ore  officers  of  a  sort.  Scaroelj  a  qimrtsr  of  so  hour  had  elapsed  afiet 
camp  had  been  pitched  when  twenty  or  thirty  more  horsemen  suddenly  appeared  in  a 
cluster,  and  halted  some  hundred  yards  or  so  to  the  west^rard  of  us,  ou  the  edge  of 
thp  path  leailing  toward  Rimfl,  and  upon  my  asking  (through  the  ranwiuied  Tibetan) 
why  they  had  come  there,  I  was  told  that  the  Raja  and  the  Jon  had  arrived. 

Time,  howevor,  went  by  witliout  any  sign  of  aach  exalted  perwna  apjteariDg,  and 
I  BOOD  discovered  that  llic  ])arty  of  mounted  men  liad  been  sent  tvwatt^oar  moTC- 
ments,  and  prevent  our  returning  in  the  direction  of  Riml.  They  picketed  their 
IJoniea  and  then  lit  fires,  and  sovertl  of  them  sanntcted  over  to  our  camp  and  pron-led 
about  there,  looking  at  things,  until  it  was  nearly  dark,  when  they  returned  (o  their 
fires.  The  young  RiniS  emissary  iras  among  those  who  sauntered  into  our  cnuip, 
hut  he  continued  as  uccommnnicalive  aa  ever.  I  lUtected  the  ransomed  Tibetan 
to  ask  him  if  any  ordeis  had  been  received  from  the  Raja,  but  be-  did  not  dei^ 
to  reply. 

The  Khamtia,  as  also  our  orderlies,  managed  to  collect  a  Utile  wijsd  before  it 
got  dark,  but  there  was  no  jungle  about  fit  for  making  huts,  and  so  thoy  bad  to  ironleut 
themselves  with  camping  out  in  the  open.  About  8  p,m.  Tfiggrilsop'B  cousin  and 
the  ransomed  Tibetan  wore  called  to  Ihe  Tibetan  camp,  and  they  wtni  absent  for 
over  half  an  hour,  and  when  they  returucd  tbey  informed  us  tliaC  tbey  bad  bocn 
directed  to  tell  uu  thiit  a  niesaage  had  been  received  froni  the  Ilajn  to  the  eSecC  that 
lie  did  not  know  who  the  Maharani  was  j  that  iva  were  not  wanted-  at  Kimft ;  Uwt 
no  provisions  would  be  given  to  us;  (tnd  that  the  best  thing  1  could  do  would  beta  go 
back  from  whence  I  had  come  as  quickly  as  poasible ;  and  such  a  meit^age  comiog 
on  the  top  of  the  treatment  we  had  received,  made  me  dct<:rmiiic  lo  retrace  my 
steps  towards  Sadiya  in  tlie  morning,  especially,  too,  as  1  knew  that  tbe  Ebamlis 
and  Misbmi  iwrters  were  almost  entirely  without  food,  and  I  accordingly  wamod 
my  Mishmi  porters  to  be  ready  very  early. 

IRt^sdag,  Janunry  blh. — Uoleswortb  and  I  went  to  bod  last  night  with  ail  our 
clothes  on,  but  as  we  were  not  disturbed  we  both  slept  soundly.  Up  at  daylight, 
and  bad  everything  packed  by  6  a.ni.,  but  it  was  so  bitterly  cold  that  the  Misbiiiis, 
Although  more  eager  thau  any  one  to  be  away,  could  not  bo  persuadeil  to  leave  their 
fires  till  8  a.m.  The  tbermomettT  registered  29°  at  T  a.m.,  and  the  ground  ivss 
covered  vrith  hoar  frost,  so  that  everybody  must  have  had  a  vary  miserable  time 
of  it  during  the  night  in  the  open.  When  daylight  appeared,  no  Tibetan  pickets 
were  to  be  seen  anywhere.  "Wo  left  camp  at  five  minutes  after  8  a.m.  and  went 
along  at  a  brisk  pace,  my  Mishmi  )>orterE  and  the  Ehamtis  complaining  bitterly 
about  the  cold  on  tbcir  feet,  ULlil  10,10  a.m.,  when  I  halted  for  fifteen  mi nu tea, 
elevation  3200  feet,  and  the  Mishmia  lit  a  fire  and  warmed  themselves  a  bit.  Start- 
ing again  at  10.25  a.m.  we  passed  our  Sunday  night's  camp  at  a  quarter  to  11  a.iu. 
and  continuing  on  till  11.25  a.m.  we  halted  for  05  minutes  right  oppoailo  the 
Tibetan  village  of  Eanau  to  luuch,  .tnd  a  few  minutes  before  we  bad  finiabed  »e 
discovered  a  party  of  fully  armed  Tibetans  (leading  their  ponies  at  the  time,  as  the 
ground  was  very  rough  and  uneven),  following  in  cur  track.  The  spot  wbei«  its 
were  was  anything  but  a  nice  one  to  defend  ourselves  on  had  it  been  neceswry  for 
us  to  do  so,  and  so  we  pnslied  on  as  bard  as  we  could  towards  the  EAchfi  river,  and 
at  10  minutes  to  1  a.m.  we  crossed  it,  but  I  was  compelled  to  halt  immediately 
aftorwnrdx,  as  I  found  that  my  servant,  as  also  the  ransomed  Tibetao,  wbo  tria 
carrying  my  camp  bed,  had  lugged  behind.  At  2,30  p.m.,  as  neither  of  them  hal 
come  iu  and  no  I'ibctans  had  made  their  api>earance,  I  was  apprehen^ve  tbat  my 
servant  had  been  stopped  and  made  a  prisoner  of,  and  I  sent  TiggrUaon's  cousia. 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  549 

who  was  still  with  us,  hack  to  reconnoitre,  and  he  returned  soon  afterwards  and 
reported  that  the  man  had  got  fever  and  was  consequently  coming  along  very 
slowly ;  that  the  Tihetans  whom  we  had  seen  on  oar  track  had  sent  one  or  two  of 
their  party  on  ahead  of  them  to  endeavour  to  catch  me  up  and  induce  me  to  halt,  as 
they  wished  to  speak  with  me,  and  that,  having  met  these  men  a  short  distance  on 
the  other  side  of  the  spur,  running  down  parallel  with  the  left  hank  of  the  Kdchil, 
they  had  directed  him  to  return  to  where  I  was,  and  ask  me  to  wait  imtil  their  main 
body  could  come  up  with  us.  Upon  my  asking  him  where  the  ransomed  Ti^tan 
was,  he  said  that  he  was  detained  by  the  advance  party  alluded  to ;  but  that  they^ 
were  sending  my  bed  on  to  me  by  another  Tibetan,  and  almost  immediately  after- 
wards the  same  was  brought  in.  The  Tibetan  who  brought  it  informed  us  that 
Tiggriison  was  with  the  main  body  of  the  Tibetans,  and  so  I  determined  to  halt  and 
hear  what  the  Rimft  men,  and  particularly  T&ggriison,  had  to  say.  I  pitched  my 
camp  upon  a  tolerably  level  spot,  a  few  yards  above  the  Kdchfl  on  its  right  bank, 
elevation  3000  feet,  at  about  3  p.m.,  and  my  servant,  as  also  a  Tibetan  villager, 
came  in  very  soon  afterwards ;  and  upon  my  asking  the  latter  if  he  could  tell  me 
what  the  Kimft  men  wanted  with  me,  he  said  they  had  come  to  tell  me  that  tbe 
Raja  was  surprised,  and  likewise  annoyed,  that  I  had  gone  off  in  such  a  hurry,  as  he 
had  intended  seeing  me  if  I  had  not  done  so.  I  was  very  pleased  at  hearing  this 
speech,  and  I  had  it  explained  to  him  that  I  should  most  certainly  not  have  left  as 
hurriedly  as  I  had  done  had  I  been  better  received,  and  had  not  a  message  been  sent 
to  me  over  night,  which  purported  to  have  come  from  the  Baja,  telling  mc  that  I  had 
better  go  off  as  quickly  as  possible,  and  I  concluded  by  saying  I  would  return  again 
to  Bimft  in  the  morning,  provided  I  got  some  provisions  given  me ;  but  upon  hearing 
this  latter  speech  his  tone  and  manner  changed  directly,  and  he  said  plainly  that  ho 
did  not  think  it  would  be  any  good  returning  to  Rimft,  as  the  Raja  would  not  see 
me  now.  After  this  I  held  no  further  conversation  with  this  man,  as  I  was  informed 
that  he  had  no  official  status,  and  so  could  not  possibly  know  anything  about  the 
Raja,  but  I  waited  patiently  for  the  arrival  of  Tftggrilson  and  the  main  body  of 
Tibetans.  It  was  about  3.30  p.m.  when  they  all  appeared  leading  their  ponies  down 
the  path  on  the  left  bank  of  the  K6ch(!l,  and  on  arriving  at  the  river  they  tethered 
their  animals  among  a  lot  of  boulders  on  a  semi-flat  and  grassy  spot  close  to  its  left 
bank,  and  soon  afterwards  numbers  of  them  crossed  over  to  our  side  and  Qowied 
about  examining  things.  No  one,  however,  showed  any  signs  of  desiring  t^x>nfef 
with  me  in  order  to  explain  why  they  had  come  amongst  us,  and  I  did  not  ask  any 
questions,  as  I  hoped  that  some  one  in  authority  would  in  due  course  request  to  have 
an  interview  with  me. 

During  the  remainder  of  the  afternoon  Molcsworth  and  I  occupied  ourselves  in 
showing  them  such  few  things  as  we  had  with  us  that  we  thought  would  interest 
them.  I  exhibited  my  guns  and  revolver,  and  after  taking  them  to  pieces  and 
putting  them  together  again,  I  fired  several  shots  to  show  them  the  breech-loading 
action ;  then  we  gave  them  a  few  boxes  of  matches,  and  a  small  looking-glass  or  two 
I  had  with  me,  and  we  showed  them  some  tea  which  they  looked  at  closely  and 
declared  it  to  be  good.  The  guns  and  revolver  did  not  astonish  them  half  as  much 
as  I  expected  they  would,  but  they  were  very  much  taken  with  the  matches  and  the 
looking-glasses. 

At  about  4.30  p.m.  they  brought  us  about  13  seers  of  rice  and  a  little  dirty- 
looking  stuff,  half  butter  half  cheese  (which  we  had  eventually  to  throw  away),  and 
they  declared  that  more  provisions  had  been  sent  for  from  a  large  village  situated 
on  the  left  bank  of  the  Brahmaputra,  and  not  very  far  off;  but  evening  came,  and 
up  to  the  time  it  got  dark  no  more  had  arrived,  and  about  this  time  Chowstft  informed 
me  that  he  had  had  a  long  conversation  with  Tftggrilson,  and  had  gathered  from  him 


6B0  MR.  J.  F.  NEEDSAM'S  JOUBXEY 

that  tbe  party  had  merely  been  sent  from  Kimfi  to  see  iw  all  well  ont  of  the  ooootrrt 
as  &1bo  t«  God  out,  if  possible,  wbat  our  future  intentions  were,  aad  that  they  bad 
really  nothing  particiiliir  to  talk  to  me  about,  T&^griisoD  had  likewise  told  Cbovaft 
that  the  slory  which  had  been  provioualy  told  us  in  re  the  Baja  having  been 
annoyed  at  my  going  away  so  precipitately  was  false,  and  he  (Tftggrijson)  bad  stated 
that  ho  WM  not  sanguine  about  our  getting  any  more  provisions,  aa  the  Tibetan  Lad 
given  ns  all  they  had  brought  with  tlietu  from  IlimA,  and  as  far  as  he  knew  they 
had  not  sent  to  any  vilhige  for  mare,  and  had  no  intention  of  doing  so,  and  ho 
(TSg^riLson)  strongly  advised  our  leaving  early  on  the  morrow  aod  making  a  forced 
march  to  W&Iong,  where  bo  had  some  stores  which  he  woold  place  at  my  dispotsL 
I  accordingly  settled  ocer  night  that  ws  abould  leave  as  early  as  possible  on  the 
morrow  for  W&long,  and  have  nothing  more  to  do  with  the  RimB.  people,  all  of  whom 
hod  gone  over  to  their  camp  across  the  river  just  as  it  was  getting  dusk.  After  dark 
I  let  off  a  couple  of  rockets,  as  I  had  promised  them  1  would  do  so. 

When  Chowsfi  asked  Tfi.ggriison  why  ho  had  not  come  over  to  our  side  of  the 
river  at  Rim&  when  all  the  firing  acd  touting  was  going  on,  he  TepHvd  that  be  did 
not  reach  Bimft  until  very  late.  Hie  story  was  that,  after  leavin;;  us  on  the  3rl 
Instant,  be  had  crossed  the  river  and  gone  to  a  Tibolan  village  close  to  Him&,  where 
he  slept  the  night ;  that  while  there  he  hajipeped  to  mention  that  we  were  in  the 
vicinity,  and  that  in  the  morning  he  was  sent  for  by  a  high  Itima  official  who 
happened  to  be  in  the  village,  and  that  the  latter  kept  him  so  long  talking  about  us 
that  he  did  not  reach  Itima  until  it  was  nearly  dusk ;  and  that  early  on  tiie  following 
morning,  when  he  was  about  to  proceed  to  deliver  my  message  to  the  Jfin,  he  heard 
that  we  had  all  departed,  and  so  he  citms  away  after  us  as  ttst  ns  he  could.  1  have 
now  no  doubt  whatever  that  the  whole  of  this  speech  is  hlse,  for  I  have  ascertained 
that  the  Bima  oScials,  like  all  castcru  potentates,  petty,  or  otherwise,  do  not  deign 
to  converse  direct  with  any  one  beneath  them.  'J'hey  are  consequently  auiruiinrled 
by  numerous  understrappers  and  sycophants,  who  prevent,  by  force  if  necessary,  any 
attempt  at  such  familiarity  ;  consequently,  it  is  not  to  be  wondered  at  that  even 
SQch  Mishmis  who  trade  regularly  at  Kima  know  literally  nothing  about  tho  officials 
there.  Ttiey  merely  know  that  there  is  an  individual  called  the  JSu  (and  occasion- 
ally a  I!aja),  who  treat  every  one  (especially  their  own  subjects)  beneath  Ifaem 
harshly,  and  sometimes  even  cruelly.  Of  course,  if  TAggrtlson  had  explained  this 
to  me  when  I  first  intimated  my  desire  to  Utilise  his  services  I  should  have  known 
how  to  act.  I  should  in  fact  have  directed  him  to  do  exactly  what  he  subsequently 
did  do,  viz.  proceed  ahead  of  us  and  tell  some  of  his  Tibetan  friends  that  be  had  seen 
some  strangers,  with  two  Sahebs  accompanying  them,  quite  close  to,  and  so  had 
run  on  to  lei  them  know  iu  order  that,  if  necessary,  they  might  acquaint  their 
Governor.  I  should  have  been  very  much  easier  in  my  own  mind  too  when  the 
firing  and  shouting  was  going  on  at  Rim&  had  I  known  that  T&ggruson  was  power- 
lees  to  iotervicw  the  JSn  (much  alona  the  Raja)  and  deliver  the  mess^o  I  had  asked 
him  to  do,  as  I  should  then  have  known  that  I  bad  to  trust  implicitly  to  my  own 
tact;  whertas  I  foolishly  believed  (even  when  the  young  Himll  emissaiy  told  me 
that  he  had  seen  nothing  of  either  Tftggriison  or  MlLkiison)  that  they  bad  one,  or  both, 
preceded  me  and  had  fnlly  explained  to  tho  J^n  why  I  had  come  and  oil  about  mei 
and  that  the  unwelcome  reception  1  was  getting  was  owing  to  T3ggrusan*a  explani- 
tions,  I  did  not  see  anytliing  of  the  ransomed  Tibetan  during  the  afternoon,  but  iu 
tho  evening  I  was  infonucd  that  be  was  iu  tho  Tibetan  camp  attending  to  one  of  the 
men's  ponies. 

Wednetdai/,  Jajixiary  fith. — Up  at  daylight,  having  slept  in  my  c'otbes  in  cue 
I  might  have  had  to  turn  out  in  the  night.  The  thermometer  was  only  down  b 
35°  this  morning  at  7  a.m.    None  of  tho  Tibetans  c 


as  only  down  l$iuu  ■ 
us.    T-heyM^U 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA..  661 

amusing  themselves,  between  7  and  8  a.m.,  firing  at  a  mark.    T&ggrilson  tells  me 
that  they  are  first-class  marksmen,  and  may  often  be  seen  practising  at  Rimft.    He 
declares  that  they  can  hit  a  very  small  mark  while  riding  past  it  at  a  galop,  but  I 
can  hardly  believe  that  it  would  be  possible  to  'perform  such  a  feat  with  the  long 
clumsy  matchlocks  they  use.    I  am  under  the  impression  that,  before  attempting  to 
shoot,  the  owner  of  one  of  the  matchlocks  must  first  find  a  level  spot  where  to  place 
his  wooden  fork,  after  which  he  has  to  place  gunpowder  in  the  pan  and  then  strike 
fire  with  the  fiint  to  ignite  the  tinder.    Up  to  8.30  a.m.,  as  no  more  provisions  had 
been  given  to  us,  I  sent  a  polite  message  over  to  their  camp  to  say  that,  as  my  party 
was  very  short  of  food,  I  would  be  obliged  if  they  would  give  me  a  little  more  rice 
or  something;  but  they  ordered  my  messenger  to  return  and  ask  me  who  I  was  and 
where  I  had  come  from,  and  to  tell  me  that  if  any  more  Sahcbs  came  this  way  they 
would  most  certainly  be  killed  ;  and  they  again  commenced  firing  guns.    It  appeared 
to  me  clear  that  I  should  get  nothing  more  from  them  except  insolence,  and  so  I 
determined  to  have  nothing  more  to  do  with  them,  but  to  retrace  my  steps  as 
speedily  as  possible.    Accordingly,  at  9  a.m.,  everything  being  ready  for  a  start,  we 
left  camp  and  marched  until  11.15  a.m.,  when  we  crossed  the  Krfiptl,  and  I  halted 
for  one  hour  and  ten  minutes  to  lunch  and  wait  for  my  sick  servant,  whom  I  had 
left  some  distance  behind,  in  charge  of  a  Mishmi,  and  one  of  our  orderlies  to  come 
up.    Starting  again  at  12.25  p.m.,  we  passed  the  spot  on  which  I  had  camped  on 
the  night  of  Saturday,  the  2nd  instant,  at  1.30  p.m.,  continuing  until  2.15  p.m.,  we 
again  halted  for  15  minutes,  and  met  old  M&kiison  on  his  way  to  Rimft.    It  appears 
that  he  has  been  nowhere  ^ce  he  left  us !    He  was  afraid  in  fftct  to  go  to  Rim& 
and  inform  the  Jdn  of  our  presence  in  the  neighbourhood,  as  the  latter  would  have 
upbraided  him  for  allowing  us  to  go  there,  as  also  for  having  acted  as  our  guide.    I 
oould  hardly  be  civil  to  the  old  man  at  first,  for  I  felt  that  he  had  grossly  deceived  me. 
Having  thought  the  matter  over,  however,  I  came  to  the  conclusion  that  I  could 
not  blame  him  for  the  manner  in  which  he  acted.    He  rendered  me  yeoman's  service 
when  he  supplied  me  with  porters,  as  also  for  having  used  his  influence  to  secure 
us  B  safe  and  speedy  passage  through  his  part  of  the  country,  and  I  feel  therefore 
that  I  am  still  beholden  to  him.    At  2.30  p.m.  we  continued  marching  again,  pro- 
ioeeded  till  3 .  30  pwm.,  when  my  Mishmi  porters  rested  for  ten  minutes.    After  wluch, 
starting  agdn  at  3.40  p.m.,  we  marched  until  5  p.m.,  when  we  reached  W&long,  and 
I  latched  camp  in  an  old  field  full  of  tobacco  run  to  seed,  a  portion  of  which  I  had 
first  to  pull  up,  alongside  of  a  wretched  tumble-down  and  miserable-looking  Tibetan 
house.    Elevation  3200  feet.    Distance  marched  about  16  miles,  as  we  were  moving 
for  six  hours  and  20  minutes,  exclusive  of  all  halts.    I  purposely  pushed  on  to  this 
idaoe,  as  Tftggriison  promised  me  supplies  here,  and  he  right  royally  fulfilled  his 
promise.    The  place  consists  of  but  three  houses,  all  in  the  same  condition  as  the 
one  already  described.    Tftggriison  keeps  a  good  many  cattle  here,  and  the  Tibetans 
(there  are  about  fifteen  souls,  all  poor-looking)  look  after  them  for  him,  and  are 
aUowed  to  make  use  of  them  for  ploughing,  &c.    I  notice  that  the  ordinary  villager 
wears  no  pigtail,  so  I  fancy  it  is  a  mark  of  rank  with  the  Tibetans. 

TTiunday,  January  lih, — ^The  thermometer  stood  at  84°  at  7  a.m.  We  got  off 
about  10  minutes  past  10  a.m.,  and  crossed  the  boundary  between  the  Tibetan  and 
Mtjfi  country  at  a  quarter  to  12,  and  ten  minutes  later  we  arrived  at  the  spot  where 
we  had  camped  on  the  night  of  the  Ist  instant,  and  we  halted  there  for  55  minutes 
to  lunch ;  and,  starting  again  at  10  minutes  to  1  p.m.,  we  moved  along  at  a  good 
pace  till  25  minutes  past  1  p.m.,  when  we  again  halted  for  15  minutes.  Leaving 
again  at  35  minutes  past  1  p.m.,  we  continued  going  till  20  minutes  to  3  p.m.,  when 
we  halted  10  minutes ;  and  starting  again  at  10  minutes  to  3  p.m.,  we  marched 
without  another  halt  to  Erondong's  village,  where  we  had  halted  on  the  night  of  the 


L  the 

^L^  20 


6$2  Mlt.  J.  P,  NEEDHAU-S  JOURNEr 

Slat  December,  arriving  there  at  10  miautos  post  5  p.ro.,  and  right  glad  I  vu  that 
we  had  mado  such  a  good  march  and  had  got  into  such  good  quarters.  I  calculate 
the  diaiauce  marched  to-day  nt  nlxiut  11  mil^s.  We  ncre  moviog  for  fire  hoar« 
and  40  inlcutce,  exchuive  of  all  halts.  Eroudong  presented  ua  with  a  fowl  and  six 
eggs,  and  persuaded  him  to  sell  me  a  pig  for  nice  rupees. 

Friday,  January  6lh. — Thermoineter  33"  at  7,30  a,ni.  We  started,  and  marched 
tiatil  10  miautes  pniit  11  n.m.,  when  the  Mishmis  halted  for  fira  minutes.  Then 
leafing  agfun  at  11.16  a.m.  we  contiDued  till  10  jpimit^  past  12  p.m.,  when  I 
halted  for  an  hour  close  along»de  the  Brahmaputra  A'lundti.  ~:&fteT  lunch,  starting 
again  at  10  minutes  past  1  p.m.,  we  continued  going  till  25  minutes  to  2  p.m.,  when 
we  baited  for  15  minutes  to  let  ChowsSand  his  Khamtia  cat.  Then  proceeding  again 
at  10  minutes  hi  2  p.m.,  we  moved  along  until  20  minutes  to  S  p.m.,  when  I  hSilted 
10  minutes  for  strag);lers  to  come  up,  and  then  continuing  until  20  minutea  post 
3  p.m.,  our  Mishmi  porters  again  rested  till  25  minutes  to  4  p.m.,  after  which  we 
marched  on  til!  4.15  p.m.,  when  1  pitched  camp  on  n  flat  grssay  piece  of  country 
close  to,  but  a  little  above,  the  Bralimapntra,  and  a  little  to  the  north-««at  of  Liisi'a 
house  (alongside  which  I  was  encamped  on-  the  night  of  the  30th  of  December  last). 
Elevation  2300  feet.     Distance  travelled  11  miles. 

Saturday,  January  Qlh. — Lovely  morning  agaiti.  Tliermometer  3T°  nt  7  am. 
Left  camp  at  8.80  a.m.,  and,  marcliing  till  9  a.m.,  we  hailed  for  40  minutes. 
Starting  again  at  20  minutes  to  10  a.m.,  we  continued  till  25  minutes  to  11  a.m. 
Leaving  again  at  15  minutes  to  11  a.tii.,  we  continued  till  20  minutes  U>  12,  when 
I  lialted  for  50  minutes  close  alongside  the  Brahmaputra,  rfevation  2000  feet,  for 
lunch.  After  lunch,  continuing  again  at  12.30  p.m.,  we  marched  on  till  25  minntea 
to  2  p.m.,  when  we  again  baited  for  10  minutes  close  alongside  the  Brahmiputra, 
and  leaving  again  at  15  minutes  to  2  p.m.,  we  continued  going  till  2.30  p.m. 
Conliouing  again,  we  marcLed  on  till  a  quarter  to  4  p.m.,  when  we  reached  the  spot 
where  I  had  camped  on  the  29th.    Distanco  travelled  to-day  11  miles. 

Sunday,  Jamiary  10(A. — Tbermornetec  38°  at  7.30  a.rQ.,  at  which  time  Cliowfa 
sent  down  word  to  say  I  must  halt  hero  to-day.  I  accordingly  ocoupicd  myself  in 
collecting  Mijfi  words  for  my  vocabulary, 

Monday,  January  lllh. — Feels  like  rain.  Thermometer  39°  at  7  a.m.  Left 
camp  at  8.30  a.m.  and  continued  going  till  10  a.m.,  when  I  iialtett  for  15  miDDtN 
to  allow  strag'jjers  to  came  up.  Starting  ^ain  at  10.15  ^ta.,  we  continaed  till 
11.25  a.m.,  when  we  halted  for  an  hour  at  the  Cb&a.  Hen  leaving  again  at 
12.25  p.m.,  we  crossed  the  Ba  at  1  p.m.,  elevation  at  crossing  2000  feet,  and  con- 
tinued going  till  1.10  p.m.,  when  wo  halted  for  15  minuter.  Leaving  ajain  at 
1.25  p.m.,  we  kept  going  till  3.10  p.m.,  when  wo  reached  the  site  of  our  old  camp 
of  the  29th  December  last,  and  1  pitched  camp  on  the  old  spot,  elevation  2000  tvet. 

There  can  be  no  doubt  that  yesterday's  rest  did  our  porters  (and  oiirselvea  like- 
wise fur  that  matter)  a  great  deal  of  good.  They  marched  splendidly  to-day,  and  I 
calculate  we  covered  12  miles.  We  were  marching  for  five  hours  and  tea  mlnutci, 
exclusive  of  halts.  I  promised  them  a  large  pig  (if  it  could  be  got)  provided 
they  reached  this  place  to-djiy  at  a  tolerably  early  hour,  and  probably  thia  may  have 
had  something  to  do  with  the  way  they  all  stepped  out. 

Ttiaday,  January  121k. — Thermometer  42°  at  T  n.m.  Managed  to  effect  a  start 
by  S.SOft.m,,  and  coutiaued  going  until  20  minutes  to  11  a.m.,  when  we  crosed 
the  Ualai  river,  and  1  halted  for  15  minutes.  Then  proceeding  again  at  five  minutes 
to  11  a.m.,  we  continued  marching  till  seven  minutes  past  12  p.m.,  when  we  halted 
for  53  minutes  to  lunch  at  the  spot  where  wo  limched  on  the  27th  ultimo,  viz.  bekw 
the  MIJQ  village  called  Tila.  Starting  again  at  1  p.m.,  we  oontinned  going  g 
"'  minntet  to  2  p.m.,  when  we  halted,  at  an  elevation  of  2200  feet,  for  10  n 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  553 

then  oontinning  again  at  10  minutes  to  2  p.m.,  we  marcbed  until  10  minutes  to 
3  p.m.,  when  we  reached  the  uncomfortable  site  I  camped  on  the  night  of  the  26th 
ulUmo,  and  I  again  halted  for  10  minutes  to  let  the  stragglers  come  up.  Then 
starting  again  at  3  p.m.,  we  marched  till  10  minutes  to  4  p.m.,  when  I  pitched  camp 
upon  a  fine  flat  grassy  piece  of  coimtry  alongside  a  small  hill  stream  called  DakanCl, 
running  down  from  the  north,  elevation  1700  feet.  I  calculate  the  distance  marched 
to-day  at  12  miles.  We  were  walking  for  4  hours  and  52  minutes,  exclusive  of  all 
halts.    There.are  some  Mtjd  houses  on  the  hills  above  us,  but  none  in  sight 

Wodneiday,  January  ISth. — ^Lovely  morning.  Thermometer  35°*at  7  a.m. 
"EaA  some  difficulty  in  getting  the  Mishmis  to  leave  their  fires,  owing  to  the  cold, 
but  I  eventually  got  them  ofif  by  10  minutes  to  9  a.m.,  and  tbey  continued  going 
until  9  minutes  past  10  a.m.,  when  we  halted  for  10  minutes.  Proceeding  again 
at  19  minutes  past  10  a.m.,  we  continued  marching,  and  crossed  the  Ot  at 
5  minutes  to  11  a.m.,  elevation  1250  feet.  I  left  Ghowsft  with  his  Ehanltis  and  our 
Mishmi  porters  to  bring  on  supplies  promised  from  T&ggrti8on*s  village,  and  I  and 
Molesworth  marched  on  as  far  as  Harangt,  the  little  sandy  bay  close  to  the  Brahma- 
putra, where  we  were  encamped  on  Christmas  Day  (20  days  ago  1)  reaching  there  at 
20  minutes  to  12,  and  very  sorry  I  was  afterwards  that  I  had  left  Chowsft  and  the 
others  behind  us ;  they  did  not  turn  up  until  25  minutes  past  1  p.m.  (that  is,  one 
hour  and  forty-five  minutes  after  Molesworth  and  I  had  arrived  at  Hkrangt),  and 
they  all  appeared  to  be  very  full  of  liquor. 

Leaving  Harangt  at  25  minutes  past  1  p.m.,  we  continued  until  a  quarter  past 
2  p.m.,  when  we  halted  for  15  minutes  at  a  Misbmi  bridge  across  the  Brahmaputra, 
opposite  a  hill  called  Th61ang.  At  2 .  80  p.m.  we  continued  marching  till  25  minutes 
to  4  p.m.,  when  we  halted  for  10  minutes  in  an  opium  field  (opium  just  a  few  inches 
above  the  ground).  Elevation  1500  feet.  Then  continuing  at  a  quarter  to  4  p.m., 
we  marched  on  briskly  till  5  p.m.  (the  last  mile  and  a  half  of  our  journey  being  over 
boulders  lying  close  to  the  Brahmaputra),  when  I  pitched  my  camp  eh  a  nice  sandy 
spot  alongside  of  the  Brahmaputra.  Elevation  1100  feet.  The  place  is  known  by 
the  name  of  NyS,  after  a  small  stream  which  runs  down  (a  short  disfiance  from  us) 
into  the  Brahmaputra  from  a  point  or  so  east  of  north.  There  was  any  quantity  of 
drift-wood  about,  so  we  had  heaps  of  firewood  at  our  doors. 

Thursday f  January  lAth, — Up  at  daylight.  Morning  very  wild.  Thsrmometer 
50^  at  7  a.m.  We  left  camp  at  10  minutes  to  10  a.m.,  and  crossing  the  M'daun 
20  minutes  later,  we  ascended  its  left  bank  up  a  steep  path,  and  proceeded  on  in 
the  direction  of  the  Dalei  and  got  very  close  to  that  river  ere  jve  could  find  a  suit- 
able spot  to  camp  on  with  water  anywhere  at  hand.  We  had  to  halt  for  nearly  an 
hour  while  Mishmis  were  sent  out  prospecting  for  the  same,  and  some  having  at 
last  been  found,  we  pitched  camp  at  12.30  p.m.  on  a  tolerably  decent  spot,  which 
had  recently  been  under  cultivation,  elevation  1300  feet,  and  Molesworth  and 
I  rested  ourselves  for  a  few  hours. 

This  place,  like  all  the  country  in  its  neighbourhood,  is  called  S&m§lang,  after 
the  hill  upon  which  Kalsh&*s  people  reside.  Soon  after  camp  had  been  pitched 
Mabnison  appeared  and  presented  me  with  a  small  mithon,  and  a  fine  pig  was  also 
brought  in  soon  afterwards,  as  also  some  rice  and  a  large  quantity  of  fermented 
Pobosft,  showing  that  the  M&ny6  chiefs  were  determined,  if  possible,  to  carry  off  the 
palm  for  hospitality.  I  was  very  loath  to  accept  so  much  from  them  gratis,  but 
they  would  heed  nothing  that  I  said.  The  Mishmis  killed  both  animals  in  due 
course,  and  by  4  p.m.  there  was  not  a  vestige  of  either  of  them  to  be  seen  about 
raw,  though  large  chunks  tied  on  to  the  Mishmi  or  Khamti  baskets,  or  skewers  fiill 
of  grilled  pieces  lying  about,  met  one's  eyes  everywhere.  The  prospect  of  getting 
heaps  of  beef  and  pork,  as  also  liquor  gratis,  apparently  proved  more  attractive  to 


S51  MR,  J.  F,  NEZDHAM'S  JOURNEY 

my  porters  tbtm  home  tiee,  fur  they  were  nil  still  ia  camp  up  to  5  p-m,,  tliouf^  I 
believe  some  of  them  wont  up  to  th?ir  villsgss  afternards.  Hon  long  the  m&UQ- 
facturiog  of  liquor  went  on  1  can't  eaj,  fur  I  went  to  bed  early. 

Friday,  January  l5iA. — Thermometer  52°  at  7  a-in.  1  found  yu  (liquor)  being 
brewed  at  a  very  early  hour,  and  it  appeared  clear  UicreCorc  that  i  should  have  the 
usual  difficulty  in  gctliog  off  early.  At  eight  minutes  to  11  a.m.  I  managed  to  gel 
them  to  start.  We  crossed  the  Dalei  running  very  strongly  (I  fancy  if  we  had  been 
mnch  later  we  shouUl  not  hare  been  able  to  cross  it  on  the  weir,  as  n  portion  of  it 
was  broken)  at  11.30  a.m.,  and  after  ascending  some  300  feet  or  so  up  ita  right 
bank,  1  halted  at  it  quarter  to  12  for  eii;ht  minutes  to  let  strollers  come  uji.  Then 
coalinuiag  again  at  7  minutes  to  12,  we  reached  Mtaong's  house,  where  I  left  my 
servant  on  the  24th  December  last,  at  12.20  p.m.  I  found  be  had  returned  to 
T&li(tloDg's  village  two  or  tliree  days  ago. 

Continuing  again  at  1.15  p.m.,  we  marched  till  aquarter  to3  p.in.,  wbeu  I  reached 
T&kQlong's  village.  1  camped  upon  the  old  spot  where  I  had  been  on  the  23rd  and 
21th  December  last.  Only  Gve  out  of  the  sixteen  porters  I  have  with  me  will  ogree 
to  go  into  Sadiya  with  me,  so  I  shall  be  compelled  to  call  upon  TLkQIong  for 
assistance. 

Saturday,  January  16ifi. — Thennomoler  54°  at  7  a.m.  It  rained  on  and  off  all 
last  night,  though  not  heavily.  1  believe  it  is  snowing  on  the  higher  ranges.  At 
15  minutes  past  11  ajn.  the  last  cooly  had  left  the  village,  and  Moleswoith  and  1 
left  immediately  aftem'srils.  It  was  just  drizzling  at  the  time,  and  the  little  tain 
we  had  already  had  during  the  night  mnde  the  path  very  slippery,  ao  that  we  were 
unavoidably  very  alow  in  descending  the  very  sleep  path  which  leadii  ^m  the  village 
to  the  Urn,  and  we  didn't  cross  it  till  noon.  After  crossing  It,  we  proceeded  on  tiU 
10  minutes  past  1  p.m.,  when  we  reached  NaT&,  the  sandy  spot  where  wo  camped  on 
the  night  of  the  21st  December  last,  and  I  halted  for  half  an  hour.  Leaving  Kaiisl 
1,40  p.m.,  we  crossed  the  Tallin  at  25  minutes  post  2  p.m.,  and  at  3  p.m,  I  halud 
for  five  minutes  at  an  elevation  of  1000  feet  in  the  jungle.  Then  conlinntng  agala 
at  5  minutes  past  3  p.m.,  I  again  halted  in  the  dry  bed  of  a  mountain  stream  for 
10  minutes  to  let  str^glers  come  up.  Elevation  900  feet.  Contlnutog  again  at 
3.30  p.m.,  we  marched  till  5  minutes  after  4  p.m.,  and  after  halting  five  minntee  we 
proceeded  on  till  lOmiuutespast  5  p.m.,  when  I  pitched  camp  on  a  filthy  Jungly  siiot, 
covered  with  nasty  wet  grass,  close  to,  but  a  good  deal  above  a  tittle  stream  called 
Chtlang.  The  spot  is  alleged  to  be  half-way  between  Tftkfllong's  and  Hai-imsong's 
villages.  It  is  not  much  used  as  a  camping-grouod,  as  the  majority  of  Mishmia  who 
travel  between  the  two  villages  prefer  camping  in  Chfis£  villiige  (where  I  camped  on 
the  19th  of  December),  which  is  some  distance  above  us.  I'he  last  1)  mile  to  lhi» 
place  was  along  a  beautifully  level  path,  hut  it  was  terribly  overgrown  with  jungle, 
and  BO  we  all  got  wet  through.  The  jungle,  too,  was  terribly  tangled  overhead,  and 
so  wB  hsd  to  go  along  in  a  stooping  position,  which  was  very  tiring.  We  were 
marching  for  five  hours,  exclusive  of  halts,  and  did,  as  nearly  as  I  can  guess, 
10  miles. 

Sunday,  Janvary  Vitk. — Up  at  daylight;  foggy,  cloady-Ioofeing  morning. 
Thermomeler  53°  at  7  a.m.  We  left  camp  at  9  minutes  to  10  a.m.,  and  con- 
tinuing till  15  minutes  to  11  a.m.,  we  crossed  the  MAyS,  and  halted  for  10  minule« 
(elevation  800  feet).  Storting  again  at  5  minutes  to  11  a.m.,  we  marched  till 
12.25  p.m.,  when  1  halted  for  35  minutes  to  lunch.  Continuing  again  at  1  p.m., 
we  reached  the  TSdeng  at  2 .  30  p.m.,  and  after  crossing  it  on  a  weir  at  a  spot  bi.^her 
up  than  we  did  on  the  19th  December  last,  I  halted  for  25  minutes.  Starling  again 
iX  5  minutes  to  3  p.m.,  we  reached  Eai-imsong's  village  at  10  minutes  past  4  p.m. 
The  path  np  from  Iho  TUSng  is  a  long  and  stiff  one,  as  the  elevation  of  the  viU«e>  " 


ALONG  THE  LOHIT  BRAHMAPUTRA.  565 

1800  feet,  and  where  we  crossed  the  Teding  my  aneroid  registered  500  feet  only. 
Soon  after  arriying  in  the  village  I  arranged  with  Hai-imsong  for  four  porters  for 
to-morrow,  to  replace  four  men  from  Tftkdlon's  village,  who  wish  to  return  home. 
We  were  marching  for  5  hours  and  10  minutes,  exclusive  of  halts,  to-day,  and  I 
reckon  that  wo  did  10  miles. 

Monday,  January  18<^— Thermometer  40°  at  7  a.m.  We  effected  a  start  by 
8.45  a.m.  Commencing  to  ascend  the  hill  above  Hai-irosong*8  village,  we  continued 
marching  till  9.30  a.m.,  when  I  halted  at  an  elevation  of  2900  feet  for  10  minutes. 
Then  continuing  again  at  9.40  a.m.,  we  marched  on  till  10  a.m.,  when  I  again  halted 
for  15  minutes.  Elevation  3100  feet.  We  had  thus  ascended  1300  feet  in  1^  hour, 
i.e.,  in  about  two  miles.  After  this,  continuing  at  10.15  a.m.,  we  proceeded  till 
11  a.m.,  when  the  Mishmis  again  halted  for  10  minutes,  at  an  elevation  of  3300  feet. 
Leaving  again  at  11.10  a.m.,  we  reached  the  highest  point  in  the  hill  (4300  feet) 
at  noon,  and  after  this,  descending  300  feet,  I  reached  Pdpiar  (the  spot  from  which 
we  got  such  a  glorious  view  on  the  18th  December)  at  10  minutes  to  1  p.m.,  and 
halted  30  minutes.  Elevation  4000  feet.  After  this,  leaving  again  at  1.20  p.m.,  we 
continued  again  till  2.10  p.m.,  when  we  reached  Hireling  (elevation  3200  feet),  where 
I  camped  on  the  night  of  the  18th  December  last  Then  leaving  again  at  2. 15  p.m., 
we  continued  till  3 .  20  p.m.,  when  we  again  halted  10  minutes.  After  which,  starting 
once  more  at  3.30  p.m.,  we  proceeded  till  4.30  p.m.,  when  I  reached  T&mdmflkh, 
where  we  were  camped  on  the  17th  December  last  (elevation  450  feet).  We  were 
marching  for  5  hours  and  55  minutes,  exclusive  of  halt,  and  I  reckon  we  did  about 
15  miles.  Dig&ros  (male  or  female)  can't  compete  with  Abors  in  carrying  loads  down 
hill.  Had  I  been  performing  to-day*s  journey  with  Abor  porters,  we  should  have 
ncached  Tftm^mdkh  by  1  p.m. 

Tuesday,  January  19th, — ^Thermometer  50°  at  7 .  30  a.m.  At  9 .  30  a.m.  I  started 
on  ahead  of  every  one  in  order  to  try  and  get  a  shot  at  a  deer,  as  a  little  venison 
would  have  been  a  treat  for  us  all,  but  I  reached  the  spot  where  we  are  camped 
to-day  at  11.20  a.m.,  distance  five  miles,  without  seeing  anything.  During  the 
afternoon  I  occupied  myself  in  jotting  down  Dig&ro  words  for  my  vocabulary. 

Wednesday,  January  20th. — Started  at  7.30  a.m.  for  Ddr&miikh,  which  we 
reached  about  10.30,  and  about  half  an  hour  afterwards  we  left  by  boat  for  Sadiya, 
reaching  there  at  midnight. 


""''=1..       .^*f*" 


r 


THE 


BIBLIOGRAPHY 


OF 


THE   BAEBAEY  STATES. 


Part  I. 

TRIPOLI  AND   THE   CYRENAICA. 

{Wirn  A  MAP). 


BT 

SIR.R.  LAMBERT    PLAYFAIR,  K.O.M.G., 

H.M.  0OH8UL-OENXBAL  VOB  ALOBBIA  AND  TUNU ; 

AUTBOK  or  *TRATBLB  IV   THB  rOOTCTtPS  07  BKUCB*;    'THB  SOOUBOB  Of  ClUURmOH'; 

<  HAVDBOOK  (MUSBAT'S)  TO  ALQBRIA  AVD  TUBIl'  ; 

'BAXDBOOK  (MUBBAT'S)  TO  THE  MBPIXlBBAWlAy,'  BTC. 


VOL.   11.  2    0 


THE  BIBLIOGRAPHY 


OF 


THE    BARBARY   STATES. 


PART  L— TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CYRENAICA. 

By  LiEUT.-CoL.  Sir  R.  Lambert  Flatfair,  K.c.iff.G.,  ktc. 


All  that  now  remainB  of  the  three  Eastern  Barbaiy  States  is  a  Biblio- 
graphy I  Tripoli  is  a  vilayet  of  the  Turkish  Empire,  and  eager  eyes 
are  tnmed  towards  this  part  of  the  Siok  Man's  inheritance.  Tnnis  is  a 
French  Protectorate,  and  in  the  natural  coarse  of  things  will  one  day 
lose  the  last  shred  of  its  independence.  The  '*  famous  and  warlike  ci^ 
of  Algiers  "  is  the  capital  of  a  French  colony,  a  prolongation  of  France. 
Morocco  alone  retains  its  independence  and  much  of  its  mystery ;  in 
spite  of  its  unriyalled  position,  its  ports  on  either  ocean,  its  perennial 
streams  fed  by  snow-clad  mountains,  and  its  brave  and  hardy  population, 
it  still  remains  as  impenetrable  to  modem  civilisation  as  ever.  But  it 
also  has  its  **  question,"  though  the  writer  hopes  to  complete  its 
Bibliography  before  it  too  ^  joins  the  majority." 

The  complete  Bibliography  of  the  Barbuy  States  will  contain  the 
following  parts : — 

I.  Tripoli  and  the  Chfrenaiea^  the  subject  of  the  following  pages. 

n.  Tttniria^  by  Messrs.  Graham  and  Ashbee,  forming  originally  an 
appendix  to  their  excellent  book  of  travels,*  but  which  they  purpose 
publishing  in  a  separate  form  completed  to  a  later  date. 

nL  Algeria^  already  published  by  the  writer  in  part  2,  vol.  2,  of  the 

*  '  TmvelB  in  Tanida,'  with  a  gloflsary,  a  map,  a  bibliography  and  fifty  illnstrationg. 
By  Alfiyf^T^l^fqr  Qraham,  F.B.LBjk.,  and  H.  8.  Ashbee,  F.8.A.,  f.b.o.8.,  London :  8to.  ; 
Dnlan  A  Co.,  37,  8oho  8qnaie,  1887. 

2  0  2 


S60  A  BIBLIOQEtAPHT  OF  TRIPOU  AND  THE  CTRENAICA. 

R.  G.  8.  Sopplementary  Papers  for  18B8,  pp.  132-430,  but  reqiii 
supplement. 

IV.  Morocco,  in  progress. 

The  Province  of  Tripoli  is  less  known  to  the  general  publio  t 
three  others,  and  a  map  bas  been  thought  likely  to  prors  i 
able  to  the  student  of  its  literature.  It  extends  along  the  coast  from 
the  island  of  Djerba  to  Tobrook,  a  little  beyond  the  Bay  of  Bombft, 
rather  more  than  800  miles,  including  all  the  territory  between  Tunis 
and  Egypt.  Southward  it  oomprises  the  territory  of  Fezz&a,  the  town 
of  Ghadames,  and  the  oaaia  of  Ghat.  Along  the  coast,  and  to  abont 
seventy  miles  inland,  there  are  fertile  tracts,  but  beyond  this  limit  the 
country  is  for  the  most  part  a  barren  Jesert,  interfipersed  at  intervals 
with  a  few  oases. 

Nevertheless,  it  contains  many  apota  of  more  than  ordinary  interest, 
celobratedby  the  poets  and  historians  of  Greece  and  Rome.  The  sboresof 
the  Syrtis  were  the  terror  of  naTtgators,  both  in  ancient  and  more  modem 
times.  Tripoli  is  the  ancient  Oea,  which,  with  ile  neighbonnng  cities 
of  Leptis  and  Sabrata,  constituted  a  federal  union  styled  Libya  Tripoli- 
tana,  Beyond  this  is  Cyrenaica,  or  the  Pentapolis,  so  named  from  its 
five  Greek  cities,  Barca,  Teuchira,  Hesperis,  Cyrene  and  its  harbour 
Appolonia.  Under  the  Ptolemies,  HcAperie  became  Borenioe,  the 
modem  Bengazi ;  Teuchira  was  called  Arsinoe,  the  modem  Tancra ;  and 
the  port  of  Borca  was  raised  into  a  city  by  the  name  of  Ptolemais,  the 
modem  Tolemeta.  The  capital  of  all  this  district  was  Cyrene,  the  moet 
important  Hellenic  city  in  Africa,  founded  b.c.  631.  It  gave  its  name  to 
a  well-known  philosophic  sect,  and  was  the  birthplace  of  many  distin- 
guished people,  while  in  commercial  importance  it  almost  rivalled 
Carthage;  its  cities  were  adorned  with  magnificent  edifices,  and  its 
fountains  and  forests  became  the  scene  of  many  interesting  mythological 
events.  Here  were  the  "dull  forgetful  waters"  of  Lethe  and  the 
garden  of  the  Hesperides.  The  army  of  Cato  nearly  found  a  grave  la 
the  sands  between  it  and  Leptis  Magna,  and  Oea,  the  capital  of  the 
Syrtioa  Hegio,  was  the  birthplace  of  some  of  the  most  prominent 
characters  in  Boman  history. 

Beyond  the  Cyrenaica  and  extending  to  the  bordera  of  Egypt  was 
Marmarica,  a  sandy  region  stretching  inland  as  far  as  the  oasis  of 
Jupiter  Ammon. 

After  the  destruction  of  Carthago,  Tripoli  became  a  Boman  province. 
the  coast  line  subsequently  passed  into  the  hands  of  the  Vandala,  from 
whom  it  was  rescued  by  Belisarius.  Then  came  the  most  extraordinary 
movement  which  the  world  has  ever  seen,  the  sudden  rise  and  extcneion 
of  Mohammedanism,  following  the  death  of  its  founder,  which  oblite- 
rated every  trace  of  Christianity  and  civilisation  from  North  Africa. 

Since  then,  with  rare  and  short  intervals,  Tripoli  has  remained  in  the 
hands  of  the  Mohammedans,  the  government  of  the  caliphs  b^g 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  C7BEKAICA.  561 

BTLOoeeded  by  various  local  dynastiesy  and  finally  it  passed  into  those 
of  the  Sultan  in  1835. 

This  is  not  the  plaoe  for  a  detailed  historical  or  geographical  account 
of  the  country.  The  student  will  find  all  that  can  be  said  on  these 
subjects,  though  perhaps  an  embarras  de  ekoix^  in  the  works  herein 
catalogued. 

No  attempt  at  a  systematic  rendering  of  oriental  names  is  possible ; 
authors  must  be  held  responsible  for  the  orthography  of  the  words  used 
by  them. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY 

OF 

TEIPOLI  AND  THE  CYRENAICA. 


1.  B.C.  484.    Herodotus.— See  Nos.  96,  266. 

a.    B.C.  350.    Scylax  of  Caryanda. — See  No.  96. 

8.  A.D.  20.    Strabo.— See  Nos.  96,  202. 

4.  41.    Mela,  Fomponius. — See  No.  24. 

5.  77.    Pliny  the  Elder.— See  Nos.  96,  248. 

6.  160.    Ptolemy.— See  No.  96. 

7.  160.    Antoninus  Auc^ustus.- See  Nob.  94,  96,  216. 
a    238.    Solinus  Polyhistor.— See  No.  96. 

9.  413.    Paulus  Arosius. — See  No.  96. 

10.  527.    Procopius  of  Csdsarea. — See  No.  55. 

11.  630.    Isodorus  of  Hispalis.— See  No.  96. 

12.  970.    Ibn  HaukaL— See  Nos.  124,  200. 

13.  1050.    El-Bekri- See  No.  267. 
13a.     1100.    El-BdrisL— See  No.  185. 

13b.    1300.    En-Noweiri— See  Nos.  196,  210,  215. 

18c.    1330.    Abu  '1  Peda,  IsmSeL— See  Nos.  118, 119, 121, 190, 194, 199. 

14.  1355.    Ibn  Batuta.— See  Nos.  168,  238,  239. 

15.  1356.  Treaty  of  Peace  and  Commerce  between  Ahmed  Ibn-Mekki, 
Lord  of  Tripoli,  &c.,  and  the  envoy  of  Venice.  Mas-Latrie,  Traits,  D.  pp.  222. 
See  No.  326. 

16.  1358.  Protest  and  declaration  of  reprisals  of  Marco  Venier,  Venitian  ship- 
owner, against  the  acts  of  the  Lord  of  Tripoli.    Mas-Latrie,  Traitds,  D.  pp.  228. 

17.  1362.  Letter  of  Credence  from  Laurentius  Celsi,  Doge  of  Venice,  to  Pierre 
Sante,  Ducal  Notary,  charged  with  a  Mission  to  Tripoli.  Mas-Latrie,  Traits,  D. 
pp.  230. 

18.  1375.    Ibn  Khaldun.— See  No.  215. 

19.  1510.  Sanudo,  Marino,  Diary  of. — Preserved  in  the  Archives  of  Venice. 
Mas-Latrie,  Trait^s,  D.  pp.  256. 


A  BIBUOaBAPHT  OF  TRIPOU  AND  THE  CTRENAICA.  563 

Amongst  other  interesting  matter  this  contains  a  letter  dated  29th  July, 
1510,  in  which  Don  Pedro  Nayarro,  commanding  a  Spanish  fcvce,  reports  haying 
taken  Tripoli. 

90.  1510.  Ferdinand  of  Arragon,  writing  to  Henry  YIIL,  informs  him  that 
Piedro  Navarro  stormed  Tripoli  on  the  25th  Jnly,  with  great  slaughter.  10,000 
of  the  enemy  were  slain  and  the  rest  taken.  Galend*  State  Papers,  For.  and  Dom. 
Henry  VIII.,  yoL  1, 1509-1511,  No.  1209. 

21.  1510.  Privilege  awarded  by  Ferdinand  to  the  Merchants  of  Barcelona  to 
trade  at  Tripoli  and  Bougie.    Has-Latrie,  Tndt^  D.  pp.  336. 

2SL  1512.  New  Privilege  granted  by  Ferdinand  to  the  inhabitants  of  Cata- 
lonia to  trade  at  Tunis,  Algiers,  Tripoli  and  Bougie.  Mas-Latrie,  Traitdi,  D 
pp.341. 

28*    1524*    Tripoli  granted  by  Charles  Y.  to  the  Knights  of  Rhodes  upon  certain 
conditions.    Calend.  State  Papers,  Yen.  Ser.  1520-1526.  797-799. 
From  the  original  letter-book  in  St  Mark's  Library. 

24.  1543.  PomponiuB  Mela.— De  Situ  Orbis.  Libri  Ties,  Basiliae,  folio. 
Many  other  editions,  amongst  others, — Opera  et  Studio,  J.  Reinoldii,  Eton,  4to. 
1814.  Collection  des  Auteurs  Latins  avec  la  traduction  en  Fran9ais  publid  par 
M.  Nisard ;  Macrobe,  Yarron,  Pomponius  Mela.    Paris :  1845,  Svo,  pp.  709. 

Mela  flourished  about  the  middle  of  the  first  century.  He  examines  the 
three  divisions  of  the  globe  known  to  the  ancients,  and  describes  Mauritania ; 
Numidia,  with  its  capital,  Cirta ;  Africa,  with  its  cities,  Hippone,  Rusicada, 
Utica,  Carthage,  etc.,  Leptis,  Lake  Triton,  the  Island  of  the  Lotophagi,  Oea, 
the  modem  Tripoli,  and  the  Cyrenaica  with  the  oams  of  Jupiter  Ammon. 

25.  1551.  Tripoli  taken  by  tiie  Turks.  Calend.  State  Papers,  F(»reign  Ser., 
voL  1547-1653,  ed.  vi.,  pp.  163, 165, 170, 172. 

"  Letters  from  the  Grand  Master  announce  the  surrender  at  discretion  of 
Tripoli;  thatM.  d'Aramon  had  saved  200  men  of  [note,  that  the  rest  of  the 
soldiers,  about  500,  were  put  in  chains,  and  others  fit  for  the  oar  were 
impressed." 

26.  1552.  Salaaar  y  Murdones,  P.— Hysteria  de  la  guerra  y  pressa  de 
Africa ;  con  la  destruycion  de  la  villa  de  Monatzer  y  isola  del  Goeo,  y  perdida  de 
Tripol  de  Berberia. 

Napoles.    fol. 

26a.  1553.  Villegagnon,  Nicolas  Durand  de.—- Le  discours  de  la  guerre  de 
Malte,  contenant  la  perte  de  Tripolis  et  autre  forteresses  faussement  imposes  aux 
Fran9ais.  Escrit  en  Latin  a  Charles  Y.  par  le  Seigneur  Nicolas  de  ViUegagnon, 
puis  traduit  en  nostre  vulgaire  pet  M.  N.  Edoard.    Lyon :  8vo,  pp.  123. 

27.  1556.  Iieo  AfHcanns. » De  Totius  Africa  Descriptione,  libri  ix. 
Antwerpiae,  1556 ;  Zurich,  1559 :  8vo. 

The  author  was  an  Arab  of  Granada,  named  £l-Hassan  bin  Mohammed  El- 
Guezaz  El-Ghamathi,  wha  visited  a  great  part  of  Africa.  He  was  taken  by 
Corsairs,  and  baptised  by  Leo  X.  His  original  work  was  in  Arabic,  but  it  has 
been  translated  into  Latin  and  into  nearly  all  the  modem  languages  of  Europe. 
The  English  version  bears  the  title :  A  Particular  Treatise  of  all  the  Maine 
lands  and  Isles  described  by  John  Leo,  with  map.  London :  1600,  4to.  A 
French  translation,  by  Jean  Temporal,  was  published  at  Lyon,  1556,  folio ;  and 
an  Italian  version  is  given  in  Ramusio,  vol.  1. 


fi04  A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CVRENAICA. 

TLe  Frencli  edition  was  re-published  at  Vnris  At  the  cost  of  QoTammmt 
1830 :  4  vol.  8»o,  pp.  ilviil.,  640  j  581 ;  Tiii,  758 ;  ixilL,  576.     The  fint 
book  treats  of  Africa  in  general;  the  second  and  third  are  devot«d  to  Morocco 
and  Fez;  the  filth,  sixth  and  seventh  refer  to  varioua  patta  of  Algeria,  Tunis, 
Tripoli  and  the  Cyrennica. 

Though  Leo  wns  a  native  of  Granada,  be  went  to  Africa  at  a  very  early  age 
and  studied  at  Fez  aod  Morocco;  visited  Tioibuctou  and  many  parts  of  the 
Barbary  States  beforebis  conversioD  to  Cliristianity.    An  Intert^ting  biographical 
sketch  of  this  remarkable  man  is  given  by  Berbrngger,  Rev.  Afr.  vol.  ii.  1658, 
p.  353. 
S8.    1560.    Views  of  Tripoli— Two  very  curious  views  of  Tripoli  aboat  this 
date  exist.    One  is  in  the  British  Museum  (Press  Mark  642,  10).    The  other  is  iu 
the  Public  Record  OEBoe  (see  No.  1  of  the  Trii)oli  Archives).    Both  show  the 
Quadtifrontal  Arch  entire  and  separate,  and  in  the  latter  the  town  ia  being  be- 
sieged by  the  army  of  Philip  of  Spain,     Both  are  probably  published  at  Veiii( 
and  the  formeT  is  ascribed  to  D.  Zenoi. 
38.     1560.     Ciml,  Ant  Fr.     Successi  dell' Armata  Catholica  destinata  all' ii 
presa  di  Tripoli  de  Barbaria.     Venelia:  Svo.     Heprinted  at  Florence 


30.  1561.  Naval  engagement  bet%veen  the  Qalleys  of  Philip  of  Spain  and 
Moires  of  Tripoli,  in  which  the  former  were  vanquiBhed.  Calend.  State  Papei 
1561-1562,  300. 

81.  1561.  Carrolidrea,  Th.  de.  Histoiro  de  I'entrepriso  de  Tripoli  ot  prise  de 
Gerbes  par  les  Chrestiens  en  1559.  Lyon  :  12mo. — See  also  Calend.  State  Papers, 
London.    Foreign  1559-60,  859.— 1066.— I.e.  1560-61, 160,  564. 

32.    15G6.     Ulloa,  Alphoneo  de.     La  historiadeU'impcesa  de  TtipoU  di  Bor- 
beria,  della  presa  del  Pegnon  di  Velez  della  Gomera  in  Africa  et  del  sucoeseo  dcl!» 
jwtentissima  Armata  Turcbesca  vcnuta    sopra  I'isola  di  Malta,  Taiino  1565. 
Venelia:  4to,  pp.  87.    With  a  preface  by  G,  B.  Tebaldi.    A  second  editii 
Venetia;  4to,  15C9. 

88.    1568.    BertelliiF.    Civitatum  aliquot  inaignianim,  &c,    Ven. :  4to. 
A  collection  of  prints,  one  of  ivhich  is  of  Tripoli. 

84.  1568.  ITioolas  de  Hioolai,  Scgnieur  d'Artereuilte.  See  pi«mien  quatre 
lirres  dos  navigations  et  peregrinations  orientoles.  Lyon;  folio,  pp.  181,  with 
numerons  illustrations. 

The  author  was  Valet  de  chambre  and  Geographer  ia  Ordinary  to  King 
Charles  IX.  There  are  many  editions.  Chap,  zviii.  treats  of  tbo  "  Fondation 
do  U  Cite  de  Tri|ioly." 

85.  1573.    ICarmol-CaravBJal,  L.— Descripcion  General  do  Afflica. 
tos  succsos  de  guerraa  que  a  avido  ontre  los  infielcs  y  el  pueblo  chrisi 
Granada:  2  vols,  folio. 

Marmol  was  a  native  of  Granada,  served  in  the  expedition  of  Charles 

against  Algiers,  was  taken  prisoner,  and  travelled  during  seven  yeara  and  eigbt 

months  over  a  great  part  of  North  Africa.   A  French  translation  was  published 

by  d'Ablanoourt  at  Paris  in  1667,  3  vols.  4to,  pp.  532,  578,  304.     Tripoli,  b 

described  under  the  heading  "  Regno  de  Tvnen.    Libro  sexto,"  vol.  2. 

38.    1581.    A  Treaty  between  France  and  Turkey,  dated  6th  July,  renewed  the 

capitulation  with  Sultan  Arourat,  therein  styled  Sovereign  of  Algiers,  Tunia  aad 

Tripoli.    See  Tab.  des  Slab.  Pranf.  en  Alg,  1841,  p.  416.    See  No.  195. 


I 


1565.^^ 


s,  Tunia  aad I 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  TRIPOU  AND  THE  CTRENAICA.  565 

d7.    1583.    BancLara,  Thomas.— See   Hakloyt;    also  pablished  separately  at 
London  ia  1587 :  4to. 

88.    1588.    Banuto,  M.  livio.— Geografia  distmta  in  ziiL  libri,  &c,^  con  zii. 
tauole  di  essa  Africa  in  dissegno  di  rame. 

Venezia,  folio,  pp.  146,  vtith  a  copious  index  and  12  maps.  Only  one  vol. 
was  ever  pablisbed.  At  pp.  64-66  is  a  description  of  Tripoli  and  the 
Cyrenaica. 


88.  1588.  Maroellinus,  AmTniannfl. — ^Lives  of  the  Emperors  from  Constan- 
tino to  Yalens  and  Gratian.  Y.  Sylburgius  Historiie  Bomanaa  Scriptores  Latini 
minoreB.  voL  ii.  Also,  Collection  des  Aateors  Latins  avec  la  traduction  en 
Fran9ais.    M.  Nisard,  Paris :  1849. 

40.  1597.  A  Treaty  between  Henry  lY.  of  France,  and  Sultan  Mahomet  m.  of 
Turkey,  dated  25th  Feb.,  confirmed  the  prinleges  granted  to  ambassadors,  consuls 
and  merchants  in  the  Levant  and  Barbary,  specifying  Algiers,  Tunis  and  Tripoli, 
and  conceded  the  Coral  Fishery  to  France.  See  Tab.  des  £tab.  Fran^.  en  Alg^e, 
1841,  p.  416. 

41.  1599.  Hakluyt,  Bev.  BiohartL^The  Principal  Navigations,  Yoyages, 
Traffiques,  and  Discoveries  of  the  English  Nation  made  by  sea  or  overland,  to  the 
remote  and  furthest  distant  quarters  of  the  earth,  at  any  time  within  the  com- 
passe  of  these  1600  yeres,  &c.     London :  folio,  2  vols.  pp.  620,  312—204.    B.L. 

Yol.  iL  part  L  contains  The  English  Yoyages  made  by  and  within  the 
Streight  of  Gibraltar. 

The  foUowing  have  reference  to  Tripoli : — 

42.  Page  177.  A  Letter  of  the  English  Ambassadors  (W.  Haiebome)  to  M. 
Edward  Barton,  enclosing  the  next-named  "  Commandement.'* 

48.  Page  177.  The  Commandement  of  the  Grand  Signior,  obtained  by  Her 
MajestieB  Ambassador,  M.  WilL  Harebome,  for  the  quiet  passing  of  her  subjects 
to  and  fro  his  dominions,  sent  in  1584  to  the  Yiceroys  of  Algier,  Tunis  and  Tripolis 
in  Barbary. 

44.  Page  178.  A  Letter  of  the  Hon.  H.  WilL  Harebome,  Her  Majesties  Am- 
bassador with  the  Grrand  Signior,  to  M.  Tipton,  appointing  him  Consul  of  the 
English  in  Algier,  Tunis  and  Tripolis  of  Barbaric,  dated  SOth  March,  1585.— 
Tipton  had  already  held  this  position  at  Algiers  in  an  unofficial  manner,  for  some 
time. 

45.  Page  184.  The  voyage  made  to  Tripolis  in  Barbaric,  in  the  yeere  1583,  with 
a  ship  called  the  Jesw^  wherein  the  adventures  and  distresses  of  some  Englishmen 
are  truely  reported,  and  other  necessary  circumstances  observed.  Written  by 
Thomas  BauderB.  This  voyage  was  imder  the  auspices  of  the  Turkish  Com- 
pany. The  vessel  was  plundered,  the  master,  Andrew  Dier,  was  hanged,  and  the 
crew  were  doomed  to  slavery,  and  only  released  owing  to  the  intercession  of  Queen 
Elizabeth  at  the  Sublime  Porte. 

46.  Page  191.  Correspondence  regarding  the  restitution  of  the  shippe  called  the 
Jetue  and  the  English  captives  detained  in  Tripolie  in  Barbaric  and  for  certain 
other  prisoners  in  Argier.    1584. 

A  new  edition,  with  additions,  was  published  in  1809  and  following  year. 
This  work  has  recently  been  reprinted  by  Messrs.  E.  &  G.  Goldsmidi  of 
Edinburgh. 


566  A  BIBLlOGIiAPHY  OF  TKIHOLl  AND  THE  CI'EESAICa. 

48.    1603.    Enolles,  Bichard,     Follon-    of   LiqcoId's   College,    Oxfords — ^Tho~ 

General  niatoiy  of  the  Turkes,  from  tho  firat  begianiDg  of  that  natioa  to  tbe  rieing 
of  the  Othoman  FotuUke,  with  all  the  notable  expeditions  of  Uie  ChristiAn  Princet 
ogniust  them,  Sec.    LondoD :  folio,  pp.  1162. 

The  history  is  followed  by  "  a  brief  discourse  of  the  greatoess  of  tlie  Tutkuh 
Empire." 


della    guerra   di    Tripoli 


50.  IGU.  Furchas,  BamueL — Ilia  Pilgrimage,  or  rektion  of  the  world 
the  religionHobgcrTcil  ia  all  ages  and  places,  &o.  London:  9  books,  in  I 
folio,  pp.  1047. 

Chapter  viii.  of  the  6th  book  treat*  of '  that  part  of  Barbaric  now  called 
Kingdom  of  Tuais  and  TTiix)li.'    With  map.    Several  other  editions. 

51.  1620.    Mala,  Fetro. — Itelasiono  della  presca  fatta  ai  Turcbi  dalle  galere 
Francis  in  Barberia.     8vo. 

62.    1625.    Purehaa,  Samuel,  "Parson  of  St.  Martins 
Pilgrims  in  5  bookes  (4  vols,).     London  :  folio,  pp.  1973, 

At  vol.  ii.  p.  874.     The  Deaoription  of  Alger,  writtOT  by  Nicbola*  Ni 
. . .  and  alao  of  Mnlta  and  Tripolie. 

B3.    164D.    Dan,  1.6  B«v.  P.  Pr.  Pierre,  Siipdrieiir  do  I'ordre  de  In  S.  Trimt« 

Chastean  do  Fontaine-bleau. — Histoire  de  Barliarie  et  de  ses  coreairea,  de« 
rojaumes,  et  dcs  villcs  d'Alger,  de  Tunis,  de  Sal6  et  de  Tripoli.  Paris  :  folio, 
pp.  4B9. 

From  p.  250  to  £55  is  more  especially  devoted  to  Tripoli.     There  were  hot 
few  slavts  there  in  the  author's  time. 
61.    1650.    Bira^o    Avogadro,    Dr.    Qio.    Batt-— Historia   Atricana,    della 
divisione  delL'Imperio  degli  Arabi.     E  dell'origine  e  del  progress!  della  Moi 
de' Mahomctani  distcsa  per  TAfrica  e  per  Ic  Spagne.    Venitiai  4to,  pp.  145. 
P.  300,  Tripoli  confederata  di  Algieri. 
P.  324,  Tripoli  posseduta  da  Gotl. 
A  French  transktion  by  M[ich«l]  dfc]  P[ure].     Paris,  16G6,  18mo,  pp.  262. 

6S.    1653.    ProcopiuB  or  Ceeaarea. — Several  editions  of  the  original  exist,  and 
one  English  translation  by  Bir  Henry  Holoroft. — History  of  the  Wanes  of  IIm 

Emperonr  Justinian,  8  books.     London  :  folio,  1653. 

lliis  translation  is  exceedingly  rare.     No  copy  exists  in  the  British  Ui 
or  the  Advocates'  Library  in  Edinbnrgb ;  there  ia  one  at  the 
another  at  Aberdeen. 


9."— Eii        I 


.    della j 


66,    1654.     Chaulmer.— Le    tableau    de    I'Afiiquo    oil   BOut    repr^aeaUfl 
royanmos,  repiibliques,  principaut^u,  lies,  preaqu'Slea,  forta,  &C,  de  cette 
partic  du  monde.    Paris  :  12mo,  pp.  359. 

Chap.  II.  Section  Y.  treats  of  I'ripoli,  the  Cyrenaica  and  the  Mamuiics. 


itiah  UuM^^^I 
cette  secMiw^^l 

Inrmnrirat.  ■ 


edit.  G.  Harini,  Aniat.      See  Appendix 
Peutinger  d'apr^  rorigiuai  conserve  i 


67.    1654.    Tabula  Peuting^riana,  e: 

to  Shaw,  Na  W.     Aim  '  La  I'aLlo  di 
Vienne,  par  Emeat  Deajardina.'    Paris  ; 

58.    1655.    Baneon,  ITicolaB,  d'AbbeviUc. — Partie  de  la  Costo  de  Barbtrie  en 

Afriquo,  oil  sont  lea  Royaumss  de  Tunis  et  de  Tripoli  et  pays  ciroonvoisins,  t 
de  Sanuto.    Paris:  4to.    No  pagination. 


Toisina,  tilJ^^^J 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  TBIPOU  AND  THE  CTRENAICA.  567 

58.  1600.  A  Chart  or  View  of  Tripoli. — Showing  an  attack  made  by  boats 
on  a  large  Teesel  in  the  barbonr.  A  drawing,  coloured,  in  the  King's  Collection, 
Brit  Mas.  (cxyii.  61.)  This  is  followed  by  another  pen-and-ink  view  of  the  same 
tO¥m  (cxviL  62). 

00.  1662.  Treaty  of  Feaoe  between  Great  Britain  and  Tripoli^  signed  by  Sir 
John  Lawaon,  18th  October,  1662.    Hertslet's  Treaties,  vol.  i.  p.  125. 

61.  1667.  De  Voomaemste  Steden  der  Werelta.— The  Piindpall  Citties  of 
the  World ;  known  as  G.  van  Schagen's  collection.    Amsterdam :  oblong  4to. 

Two  of  the  prints,  one  with  the  legend  in  French,  represent  Tripoli.  The 
latter  is  the  same  view  as  that  given  in  Mortier,  No.  86. 

62.  1668-70.  Dapper,  O. — Naukerige  Beschryvinge  der  Afrikaenschen  Ge- 
westen  von  Egypten,  Barbaryen,  Libyen,  Biledulgered,  Negroslant,  Guinea, 
Ethiopia,  Abyssinie.  Amsterdam:  foHo.  French  translation  published  1686, 
folio.    German  translation,  1670.    See  also  Nos.  63,  75. 

Part  iii.  treats  of  the  Barbary  States,  including  Tripoli  and  Barca ;  part  iv. 
of  the  Belad  et  Djerid,  and  part  v.  of  Libya.  It  contains  a  curious  view  of 
TripolL 

68.    1670.    Ogilby,  John. — ^Africa :  being  an  accurate]  description  of  the  regions 
of  i^ypt,  Barbary,  Libya,  and  the  Billedulgerid,  etc.    Folio,  maps  and  plates. 
A  mere  tnuislation  of  Dapper.    The  author  is  a  very  miscellaneous  writer, 
but  an  unconscientious  plagiarist. 

64.  1675.  Treaty  of  Feaoe  and  Commeroe  between  Great  Britain  and 
Tripoli,  signed  by  Sir  John  Narborough,  6th  March,  1676-76.  (Renewed  by 
Article  xxv.  of  the  Treaty  of  1716.)    Hertslet's  Treaties,  vol.  i.  p.  128. 

65.  1676.  Hollar,  W.— Links  oben  Tripoli  in  Barbary.  A  separate  print. 
See  Parthey,  No.  1203.    Very  rare. 

66.  1675.  Seller,  John,  Hydrographer  to  the  King.— Atlas  liaritimus,  or  the 
Sea  Atlas,  being  a  book  of  Maritime  Charts  describing  the  sea-coasts,  capes,  head- 
lands, etc.,  in  most  of  the  known  parts  of  the  world.  London :  folio.  One  of  them 
is  a  bird's-eye  view  of  Tripoli,  coloured,  engraved  by  Hollar. 

67.  1676.  Belatione  del  Nuovo  incendio  seguito  alii  24  di  febrero  1676  tra  le 
navi  inglese  et  quelle  de  Tripoli  de  Barbaria.    Milano :  4to. 

68.  1676.  Narrative  of  the  burning  of  four  men-of-war  at  Tripoli.  London : 
folio. 

68.  1686.  A  Treaty  was  signed  between  France  and  Tripoli  after  the  bombard- 
ment of  the  latter  town  by  the  Due  d'Estr^es.  The  Tripolitans  restored  600 
Christian  slaves,  two  French  vessels,  and  paid  a  large  indemnity.  Tab.  des  ^tab. 
Fran?,  en  Alg.  1841,  p.  420. 

70.  1686.  TripoU  le  16  Maggio,  1686.  Distinto  Raggeniglio  gionto  per 
lettera  particolare  ad  un  Mercante  nel  porto  d'  Anoona.  Boma,  Modena,  Parma : 
Sm.  4to,  p.  3. 

An  account  of  various  phenomena  which  appeared  at  Tripoli,  and  the 

sufferings  of  some  Christian  slaves  at  the  hands  of  the  Mohammedans,  contained 

9136  cc   1. 
in  a  collection  of  tracts  in  the  Brit.  Mus.,  Press  mark :   — ■,.,'  ,-\ 

Ql-oo.^ 

71.  1687.  KnoUea,  Bichard.  The  Turkish  History  from  the  original  of  that 
Nation  to  the  growth  of  the  Ottoman  Empire,  with  the  lives  and  conquests  of 


669  A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  TBIPOU  AND  THE  CTEESAICA. 

tboir  Princes  and  EmperotB.  With  a  continuation  to  thia  present  year,  1687,  by 
Sir  Paul  Bycant,  eighteen  years  consul  at  Smyrna.  London :  folio,  3  toL, 
pp.  990,  338-606. 

At  to],  ii.  p.  136  is  "  State  of  the  affairs  of  England  in  reference  lo  .  .  .  . 
Algiers  and  other  parts  of  Barbary." 

72.    1688,    Petit  de  la.  Croix.— Relation  Universelle  de  TAfrique  Ancienne  al 

Modeme.     Lyon:  ivoLSi-o.;  nnd  1713. 
78.     IQM.     Additional  ArtSoleB  Letween  Great  Britain  and  Tripoli,  signed  byl 

Thomas   Baker,   late  Consul-General,   11th  October,  1694.     Hertalet's  Trcfitit^4 

vol.  i.  p.  13G,  and  Calend.  Treas.  Papers,  1557-169G,  p.  392, 

74.     1G94.     ScbauplatB  barbarisoher    Blaverei,   oder,  tod    Algier,  Tripe 
Tunis,  und  Salee.     Hamburg :  8vo,  pp.  124. 

76.    1695.    A  collection  of  prints  in  the  British  Musenm,  Pre»  mark  S.  U8] 
(38),   contains   some    most   interesting  views   of  places    in   Africa.     Published 
probably  in  Amsterdam.    The  legends  are  in  Dutch  and  English.     No.  &  repre- 
sents Trii»li.     There  are  also  views  of  Algiers,  Djidjell  and  Tunis.    The  Tolumo 
hss  no  letterpress  or  title.    ?  Dapper.     No.  63. 

76.  1700.  Oode&oy,  F6re,  ComeUn  et  Fhilemon  de  la  Hotta,  d 
dc  k  tr6s  Siiinte  Trinitf'  ct  Rfdi^uiplion  dea  Captifs.  Elat  des  Royaumes  i 
Barbarie,  Tripoty,  Tunis  et  Alger,  nontenant  rhlstoire  naturelle  et  politique  d 
ces  Pais ;  la  maniere  dont  les  Turcs  y  trailent  I«s  esclavaa,  comme  on  les  rachete ; 
et  divers  avanturea  curieuses.  Avec  la  Tradition  de  I'Eglise  pour  le  racfaat  ou  le 
BOulagement  dcs  Captifs,    Rouen  :  12mo,  pp.  263,  270. 

The  first  letter,  pp.  1  to  90,  is  "  Etat  CbrSiien  et  politique  du  Royaume  d 
Tripoli,"  and  contains  bq  interesting  account  of  the  state  of  Christian  Slavei; 
there.    Other  editions  published  at  La  Hitye,  1704,  and  at  Rouen,  1731. 

77.  1700,     Glorioeo  triumfo  conseguido  por  quatro  galeras  de  la  religion  de' 
S.  Juan  en  los  maresde  Berberia,  apressando  un  vaxel  de  Tri[ioIi  llamado  Suilana, 
al  9  de  Octobre  de  1700.     Barcelona. 

78.  1702.    P.  Schenkli,    Hecatompolis    sive  toliua    orbia    Terrarum    opirid*^ 
nubiliora  centum.    Amsterdam :  obi,  4to. 

A  collection  of  coloured  engravings,  of  which  one  (89)  represents  TripolL 

70.    1705.    Hexria,  John,  A-M.    Navigantlum  atque  Itinerantium  BibUolboQ  

or  a  complete  collection  of  voyages  and  travels,  consisting  of  above  four  hundred 
of  the  most  authentic  writers ;  beginning  with  Hakluit,  Pnrchas,  &c.,  in  English ; 
Ramusio  in  Italian ;  Thevenot,  &c.,  in  French ;  De  Bry  and  Qrynsri  Novue  Orbis 
in  Latin ;  the  Dutch  East  India  Company  in  Dutch ;  and  continued  with  othqi.^ 
of  note,  &0.,  &o.    London :  2  vol.  folio,  pp.  862,  928  nnd  [App.]  56. 

Ch,  lii,  contains  .,,  a  short  account  of  Malta  and  Tri|K)!i;  taken  t 
Nicholas  Nicolay, 

80.  1708.     AllemeuBter  Zustand   der   AfriltBnischen    Eouigreiche   Tripo 
Tunis,  und  Algier,   von  eincm  gelerten  Jesuiten.     Aus  dem  Fik 
Hamburg :  8vo,  pp.  124, 

81.  1712.    IiUcas,  PfttU.    Voyage  du  Sieur  Paul  Lucas,  fait  par  Ordre  du  Roy," 
dans  la  Gr^,  I'Asie  Mineure,  la  MacSdoine  et  I'Afrique.     DeecripUon  de  I'Ana- 
tolie,  la  Caramanie,  la  Mac^oine,  Jerusalem,  llSgypte,  le  Fioume,  et  un  M^moire 
pour  servir  k  I'histoire  de  Tunis,  depuis  1684.     Paris:  12mo,  2  toL  illustn^' 
pp.  410-417. 


B  vol  urns  I 

umes  ^i^^^H 
itique  daT^^H 
rachete;  I 

oule 

m  de^^^ 


1 


A  BIBUOQRAPHT  OF  TRIPOU  AND  THE  CrBSNAICA.  569 

Gh.  X.  Tol.  iL  describes  his  visit  to  Mesaimta  and  Tripoli.  Cliap.  zi.  a 
voyage  in  the  mountains  of  Derna,  Gyrene,  Bengaasi,  A^. 

82.  1715.  Van  der  Aa»  Flerre. — ^La  Oalerie  AgreaUe  du  Monde  on  Ton  voit 
en  un  grand  nomhre  de  cartes  et  de  Belles  Tailles-Douces,  les  principanz 
Empires,  Ac,    Le  tout  mis  en  ordre  et  execute  k  Leide :  sm.  folio. 

Plates  Nos.  13a  and  14  are  copies  of  those  previously  noticed.  No.  75. 
No.  15  is  **  Manidre  de  Supplicier  les  esclaves  &  Tripoli.**  The  vol.  also  contains 
some  interesting  views  of  Algiers  and  Tunis. 

aa.  1716.  Treaty  between  Great  Britain  and  Tripoli,  signed  hy  Vice- 
Admiral  John  Baker,  19tb  July,  1716.    Hertslet's  Treaties,  voL  L  p.  137. 

84.  1718.  Bowe,  Nicholas.  Lucan's  Fharsalia,  translated  into  EngUsh  verse. 
London :  folio,  pp.  zxv.  446-55. 

In  Book  ix.  is  an  account  of  Gato*s  gathering  the  remnants  of  the  Battle  of 
Fharsalia,  and  transporting  them  to  Gyrene;  a  description  of  the  Syrtis 
follows,  sjod  a  digression  concerning  the  Temple  of  Jupiter  Ammon. 

86.  1720.  Treaty  hetween  the  Bey  of  Tripoli  and  France,  4th  July  and  19th 
Aug.,  in  favour  of  French  commerce.    Tab.  des  £tab.  Fr.  en  Alg.  1841,  p.  422. 

88.  1720  (?)  lies  Forces  de  llhirope,  Asie,  Afrique  et  Amerique,  ou  descrip- 
tion des  principales  Yilles  avec  leurs  fortifications.  Dessign^  par  les  MeiUenrs 
Ingenieurs,  &c.    Amsterdam :  4to. 

No.  158  represents  Tripoli,  a  mere  sketch  outline  evidently  coped  from  Van 
Schagen*s  collection.    This  one  is  published  by  Pierre  Mortier. 

87.  1724.  Vera . . .  relasione  della  battaglia  seguite  in  mare  tra  on  vascello 
corsaro  Tripolino  e  le  galere  della  sagra  Beligione  di  Malta  con  la  presa  di  detto 
vascello.    In  Lucca  ed  in  Bologna :  4to. 

88.  1725.  Langter  de  Taesy, K. — Histoire  du Royaume d* Alger.  Amsterdam: 
12mo,  maps. 

The  author  was  Gommissaire  de  la  Marine  for  the  King  of  Spain  in  Holland. 
His  work  was  pirated  in  English  by  Morgan  in  1728  and  1750,  and  it  has  been 
translated  into  several  other  languages. 

It  was  also  pirated  in  French, '  £tat  G^udral  et  particulier  du  Royaume  et  de 
la  ville  d'Alger,  et  de  son  gouvememeot,  &a*  La  Haye:  1750,  12mo.  A 
new  edition  of  tiie  original  work  was  published  in  1732  under  the  title:  '£tat 
d'esclavage  des  Ghr^tiens  au  Royaume  d*Alger  avec  celui  de  son  gouvemement, 
&c*  Amsterdam :  8vo,  pp.  300.  The  author  copies  freely  from  Marmol.  A 
Spanish  edition  was  published  at  Barcelona  in  1733,  pp.  340,  with  maps  and 
view  of  Algiers. 

88.  1729.  Treaty  between  France  and  Tripoli,  dated  9th  June.*  Tab.  des 
£tab.  Fr.  en  Alg.,  1841,  p.  422. 

80.  1731.  Oodeftoy,  le  P.— Etat  des  Royaumes  de  Barbaric,  Tripoly,  Tunis 
et  Alger ;  contenant  Thistoire  politique  et  naturelle  de  ces  pels — La  manidre  dont 
les  Turcs  y  traitent  les  esclaves,  comme  on  les  rach^te  et  di  verses  aventures  curieuses 
— ^Avec  la  tradition  de  l*  ^glise  pour  le  rachat  des  captifs.    Rouen  :  12mo. 

81.  1731.  Condamine,  de  la.— Voyage  en  Barbaric  et  en  Orient  MS. 
Bibliothdque  Nationale,  Paris. 


*  Gonfirmed  on  the  SOth  June,  1798. 


S70  A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  TKIPOU  AND  THE  CTEESAICA. 

S&  1732.  Csllariua,  Christophoms. — NotiUike  orbls  antiqui,  i 
gnphiae  pleuorii  Tomus  alier  Asiaja  e[  Africam  aDtiqusm  exponeoB. 
lipraie:  4to,  pp.  970. 

Lib.  iv.  cap.  ii.  p.  838,  De  Marmarica  et  Peatapoli  Cyrenaica.    Cap. 
De  Regione  Syrtica.      Cap.  iv,  De  Africa  Propria,  sev.  CartlaginienBi. 
neabons  that  do  part  of  the  coast  of  Africa  waa  called  Tripoltt  till  (he  doce  of 
lie  1st  cectnry. 


Professor  of  Medicine  at  the  TJiiireni^ 
lis  per  Afncajn  reperLis.    Leipzig :  Ito. 


83.    1733.    Hebenatreit,  J. 

Leipzig.— De  ActiquitatiboB 

M.    1739.    Antonini  August!  Itinerario.^ — See  Appendix  t«  Shaw, 

B6.  1735.  D'Arvieux,  Le  Chevalier,  Consul  d"Alep,  d'Alger  et  de  Tripoli.— 
M&Doirea  de  . . . .  mis  en  ordre  p«r  le  B.  P.  Jeao-Baplisle  Labst,  de  t'oidre  dea 
Frarea Prfchourt.    Paris:  G  vol.,  lEmo. 

At  Tol.  5,  p.  413  is  "  lUmoiro  presents  an  Sm  ponr  reprimer  I'lnmleoce  des 
Corsaire«de  Tripoli  d'Afrique  et  pour  les  forcer  i.  une  paix  avanta^ease  anx 
snjeU  de  S.  W." 

de.  1736.  Shaw,  Thomas,  d,d.,  f.b.b..  Fellow  of  Queeo's  College^  Oiford.- 
Travelfl  and  Observations  rcktiog  to  several  parts  of  Barbary  and  the  Levant. 
Oxford ;  folio,  pp.  sv,,  442,  GO ;  second  edition,  4to, 

Dr.  Shaw  was  cbapUin  to  the  Consulate  at  Algiers.  This  is  one  of  the 
valnable  works  ever  written  on  North  Africa.  See '  Quarteriy  Beriew,'  voL 
p.  331. 

He  does  not  allude  to  Tripoli,  hut  in  an  Appendix  he  gives : — Sylk 
cerptomm  ex  veteribus  Geogtaphis  Hiatoricis,  &c.,  or  a  collection  of  such 
extracts  from  the  old  Geographera,  Historians,  4e.,  as  chiefly  relate  to  that  pari 
of  Africa  or  Barbnry  known  by  the  name  of  the  Kingdom  of  Algiers  acd  Tunis, 
BE  follows :— Herodoti  Halicarnasa  Histor.,  Libro  iv..  Lug.  Bat.  1715.  Scylacii 
Caryandensis  Periplo,  Oion.  1698.  Strabonis  Berum  Geographical,  Libris  ii, 
et  xviL,  Amst.  1619.  CI.  Ptolemsei  Geographic,  Libro  iv.  et  viii.,  Amct.  1619. 
Pomponio  Mela,  De  Situ  Orbia,  Iscte  Dumnon.,  1711.  C.  Flinii  Secondi  Hist. 
Naturalis,  Libro  v..  Far.  1C86.  J.  Solini  Polyhialore,  Traj.  ad  Khen.  leSo. 
Anlonini  Aug.  Itiaerario,  Lug.  Bat.  1738.  ,^lhici  Cosmogmphia,  Lug.  Bit. 
1696.  J.  Honorii  Oratoris  excerptia,  ibid.  Seiti  Bufi  Brevlario  Hist  Bomooc, 
Hanov.  1611.  Pauli  Orosii  Advereus  Paganoa  HisWria,  Col.  1582.  Martiiiii 
Minei  Felicia  Capellfe  de  Nuptiis  Philosophia;,  Lib.  vi.,  Bas.  1577.  laidori  Hia- 
pfOensis Originuni, Lib. xiv.,ibid.  Collatione Cartha^enri,  NotitaaEpisooporum 
Afriwe  sub  Hunerioo,  Concilio  Catthaginenri  sub  C^priano,  Ac.  \  aire  Notiiia 
omnium  Episcopaluum  Eccleaifn  Africanai  i  qoaj  profigilur  S.  Optuli  de  Schism. 
Donatislarum  Libria  Bepfem,  opera  et  studio  M,  Lud,  Ell.  Du  Pin.  AntDer. 
1702.  Kotiria  utraque  Dignitatuni  cum  Orientis  turn  Occideotis,  ultra  Arcadii 
Honoriique  tempora,  Lugil.  1608.  Bavenate  anonymo,  Amst.  1696.  Tabuh 
Peutingeriana,  ex  edit.  G.  Homii,  Amst.  LG54.  [This  table,  which  is  indis- 
pensable for  studenta  of  the  Ancient  Geography  of  North  Africa,  bas  been  ttpn>- 
duoed  in  autograph  from  theoriginalMS.in  the  Imperial  Library  "  "" 
B.  Chambrier,  "Commis  auniliaire  au  Sccriitariat  du  f 
du  Gouvememeat  General  de  TAlgtric."] 

Shaw's  work  waa  translated  into  Frenc" 
2  vol.  4(0.  carte  et  figures;   and    in 
1766,  4to. 


n 


ivhich  is  tndls- 
baabeenrapro-      ^^ 
T  at  ^cniw  h^^^H 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  TRIPOU  AND  THE  C7REKAICA.  571 

07.    1740.    Bodtanehr,  O. — A  collection  of  prints  without  any  pabUshed  title, 
Aagfihatg:  foL    PresB  mark  in  Brit.  Mas.,  S.  148  (88). 
Two  of  these  represent  Tripoli. 

96.  1740-1751.  An  Uxdversal  History,  from  the  earliest  times  to  the  present, 
compled  from  original  authors  and  illustrated  with  maps,  cuts,  notes,  chrono- 
kgical,  and  other  tables.    London :  folio,  8  vol. 

Yol.  tIL  chap.  7.  The  history  of  the  Libyans  and  Greeks,  inhabiting  the 
tract  between  the  borders  of  Egypt  and  the  Ri^er  Triton,  comprehending  liar- 
marica,  Gyrenaica,  and  the  Begio  Syrtica. 

90.  1742.  Tollot»  lae^Sianr. — Nouveau  voyage  fait  an  Lerant,  ^  annto  1781- 
1782,  contenant  les  descriptions  d'Alger,  Tunis,  Tripoly  de  Barbarie,  Sec 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  354.    See  also  Piesse  Rev.  Afr.  yoI.  xi.  p.  417. 

The  author  merely  touched  at  Tripoli  on  his  way  from  Algiers  and  Tunis  to 
Egypt 

100.  1746.  Hardion,  M.— Histoire  de  la  Ville  de  Gyrdne.  Hist,  de  l*Acad. 
Boy.  des  Inscr.  et  Belles  Lettres,  t.  8,.pp.  391-413.    Bead  17th  Dec.,  1715. 

Commences  an  account  of  the  ancient  history  of  Gyrene  taken  from  classic 
authors.     M.  Hardion  died  before  it  was  completed.    See  No.  113. 

101.  1760.  A  oompleat  history  of  the  Piratical  States  of  Barbary,  viz.  Algiers, 
Tunis,  Tripoly,  and  Morocco.  Gontaining  the  origin,  revolutions,  and  present 
state  of  those  kingdoms,  their  forces,  revenues,  and  policies  and  commerce.  With 
a  plan  of  Algiers  and  a  map  of  Barbary,  by  a  gentleman  (Morgan)  who  resided 
there  many  years  in  a  public  character.    8vo. 

This'was  translated  into  French  by  Boyer  de  Prebandier  in  1757.  The  work 
is  of  little  value ;  it  is  a  mere  translation  of  Laugier  de  Tassy,  who  again  copied 
from  MarmoL    Morgan  was  an  indefatigable  plsgiarist 

102.  1750.  Historioal  Memoir  of  Barbary,  and  its  Maritime  Power,  as  con- 
nected with  the  Plunder  of  the  Seas ;  including  a  sketch  of  Algiers,  Tripoli  and 
Tunis,  an  account  of  the  various  attacks  made  upon  them  by  the  several  States  of 
Europe,  considerations  on  their  present  means  of  defence,  and  the  original  treaties 
entered  into  with  them  by  Gharles  II. 

Another  edition  published  at  London  in  1815. 

108.  1751.  Treaty  between  Great  Britain  and  Tripoli,  signed  by  the  Hon. 
Augustus  Eeppel,  Gommander-in-Ghief  in  the  Mediterranean,  and  Gonsul-G^eral 
Robert  White,  19th  Sept.,  1751.— HerUlet's  Treaties,  vol.  i.  pp.  143. 

104.  1751.  Kanae^  M.  de  la. — Histoire  du  Galendrier  Egyptien.  Hist  de 
I'Aoad.  Roy.  des  Inscr.  et  Bell.  Lett,  1. 16,  pp.  170. 

At  p.  181  is  an  account  of  an  inscription  said  to  have  been  taken  to  France 
from  Tripoli,  which  had  been  originally  placed  in  the  Amphitheatre  of  Bere- 
nice by  the  Magistrates  and  Jews. 

106.    1754.    Frdret,  Nicolas. — Observations  sur  T^poque  d'une  ancienne  Inscrip- 
tions grecque  apport^  de  Tripoli  d'Airique  en  Province  et  plac^  dans  le  Gabinet 
de  M.  le  Bret.     Hist,  de  FAcad.  Roy.  des  Inscr.  et  Bell  Lett  t.  21,  pp.  35-225. 
This  is  a  decree  of  the  Jews  of  Berenice  ordering  an  eulogium  on  M.  l^tius 
every  new  moon. 

106.  1754.  Istoria  degU  Stati  di  Algeri,  Tunisi,  Tripoli  e  Marocco.  Tras- 
portata  fedelemente  dalla  lingua  Inglese  nelF  Italiano.    In  Londra :  12mo,  pp.  376. 


572 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CrEENAlCA. 


107.  1766.  Frdrat,  M.  ObservatiotiH  sur  le  rapport  dis  Mesurea  Grecquea  et 
dec  Mesures  RomaiDtB.  Uem.  de  Litt.  tir^a  des  Beg.  de  I'Acad.  Roy.  dcs  luacr. 
saa  Bell.  Let.,  t.  24,  pp.  548-566. 

At.  p.  554  is  a  comfariaoo  of  the  meaaurea  la  Ihe  Cyrenflica. 

106.  1T5T.  Hletoire  des  £tatB  Barb&raeqaM  qui  esercent  la  Pii&leric. 
Conteoant  i'origiae,  les  ruvolutions  et  I'dtat  present  des  Ikiyaumea  d'Alger,  de 
Tunis,  de  Tripoli  et  de  Maroc  Par  uu  autenr  (Morgao)  qui  y  a  tee\i&  pluaieun 
ann^  avec  caract&re  public.  Tr^uit  de  TAngloia  par  Boyec  de  Frebaiidier. 
Faria :  2  Tol,  18tiK>,  pp.  368  and  'J87.     See  No.  101. 

100.  1TS3.  Treat7betweeii  Great  BritaiiiandTripoU,aigDed  by  Archibald 
Cleveland,  E»q.,  H.B.M.  Ambassador  to  the  Emperor  of  Fee  aud  Morixxo,  on  Ihe 
22Qd  July  1763.  Hertslet's  Treaties,  vol.  i.  p.  151.  Cal.  State  Papers  Doni. 
Ser.  1760-1765,  No.  623. 

110.  1764.  Anderaon,  Adam. — An  Historical  and  Chronological  Deduction  of 
the  Origin  of  Commerce.    London  i  2  vol.  folio. 

This  gives  an  account  of  the  eetablishment  of  Consuls,  of  whom  JoIid 
Tipton  of  Algiers,  Tunis  and  Tripoli  waa  one  of  the  first  ever  appointed. 

111.  1766.  Harrison,  Commodore  Thos.  His  Mission  to  TripoIL  See  Cat. 
Home  OfGoe  I'apert.     1766-69.     Noa.  123,  176. 

With  the  original  documents  (15^  pp.)  is  a  well-executed  plan  and  sarrey 
of  the  harbour  of  Tripoli. 

112.  1771.  ISonro,  Dr.  Alexander.— Of  a  pure  native  cryatallaed  natron  or 
fossil  alkaline  salt,  found  io  the  Country  of  Trijxili  in  Barbary.    Phil.  Traaa.  Abr. 

'   jiiLp.  216. 

118.    1TT4.     Belley,  L'Abbd.     Obserraliona  BUr  I'hiatoire  et  Bur  lea  Monumras 

de  la  ville  de  Cyrtne.     Mem.  da  Litt,  tiriSs  dea  Reg.  de  I'Acaddinie  Boyale  des 

Inscr.  et  Bell.  Ictt.  t.  37,  pp.  363-390. 

Thia  is  a  continuation  of  M.  HardJon'a  Account,  see  No.  100, 
114.     1775.    BoMoezer,  Augnst  Iiudwlg  vaa. — Summarische  Geacb.  v.  Nord- 

Afzica,  namentlich,  von  Marocko,  Algicr,  Tunis  und  Tripoli.    Qottingen,  8vo, 

pp.  03. 

Very  little  of  this  work  is  devoted  to  Tripoli. 
HE.    1776.    Borg,  Ajitonio. — "Piano  del  Porto di Tripoli  e  forlificadoni," dai 

on  a  ECale  of  150  paces  to  an  inch,  vrith  a  "prospettiva  della  cilt&  di  Tripoli.* 

Add.  M8S.  Brit.  Mus.  13,  950,  76. 
lis.     1781.     Hebenetreit,  Joannes  EmeatuH. — Tier  Berichte  ron  seiner  anf 

Befehl  Friedrich  Auguats  I,  im  Jahre  1732  in  Begleituog  einiger  anderer  Oelehrteo 

and  Kiinatler  auf  den  Afrikanischon  Kiiaien  nach  Algier,  Tunis  und  Tripoli* 

angestellten  Beise. — See  J.  Bemouiltia  Sammlung  Eurzer-Beiscbeschreibungen, 

ic,  Bd,  9-12  J  also  EyriSs,  Nouv.  Ann.  des  Voyages,  t.  xlvi.  1630.  pp.  1-90, 
117.     1785.     Voyage  dans   lea   I^tats   Barbareaques  de  .Maroc,  Alger,  Tonb  el 

Tripoly,  ou  lettrca  d'un  des  captifs  qui   viennent  d'etre   rachet^  par  MM.  le« 

Chanoines  riguiiera  de  la  Sainte  Trinity,  auiviea  d'uae  notice  sur  leur  rachot  et  du 

catalogue  de  leurs  noms.    Paris:  12mo. 

This  gives  a  list  of  313  captives  redeemed. 
11&     1789.     Ismail  ibn  All  (AbuT  Feda).— Abulfedae  Atinalea  Miialemu 

Arabice  et  Latiue  opera  et  studiis  J.  J.  Reiskii,     JSuna  primum  edidit  J.  Q.  C. 

Adler.    Hafhiae :  1789-94.  4to. 


Svo, 


m. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  TRIPOU  AND  THE  CTRENAICA.  673 

119.  1790.  Ifonail  ibn  All  (Abu  1  Feda).— Ismaelis  abulfedae  annalinm 
Moslemicomm  ezcerpta,  quae  ad  Historiam  Africanam  et  Siculam  spectant  sub 
imperio  Arabam.  .Folio.    Arab,  and  Latin. 

ISO.  1790.  BinGe,  James. — Travels  to  discover  the  source  of  the  Nile  in 
1768-1763.    Edinburgh :  maps  and  plates,  6  vols.  4to. 

This  contains  a  notice  of  his  explorations  in  Algeria,  Tunis,  Tripoli  and  the 
Cyrenaica  before  starting  for  Sicily,  Baalbec,  Palmyra  and  subsequently  Egypt. 
A  French  translation  published  in  Paris,  translated  by  J.  Castera  in  1790-91. 

121.  1791.  Ismail  ibn  All  (Abu  1  Feda).— Abulfedae  Africa.  Curavit  I.  G. 
Eichhom.    Arab.    GK)ttingae:  8vo. 

122.  1794.  A  Short  Aooount  of  Algiers,  and  of  its  several  Wars  . . .  with  a 
concise  account  of  the  origin  of  the  rupture  between  Algiers  and  the  United  States. 
Philadelphia :  8vo,  pp.  60. 

128.  1800.  Bennel,  Mi^or  James,  Surv.  Gen.  Bengal. — The  Geographical 
System  of  Herodotus  examined  and  explained  by  a  comparison  mth  those 
of  other  ancient  authors  and  with  Modem  Geography.  In  the  course  of  the  work 
are  introduced  . . .  The  oasis  and  Temple  of  Jupiter  Ammon,  the  ancient  circum- 
navigation of  Africa,  &o.    London :  4to,  pp.  766,  with  11  maps. 

Sect.  xzii.  Of  the  Tribes  who  inhabited  the  coast  and  country  of  Libya  between 
Egypt  and  Carthage.  Sect  xxiii.  Concerning  the  two  Syrtes;  the  Lake 
Tritonis,  &c.    Map  ix.  The  coast  and  country  of  Libya. 

124.  1800.  Ibn-HankaL — ^The  Oriental  Geography  of  Ibn  Haukal,  an  Arabian 
Traveller  of  the  10th  Century,  translated  by  Sir  W.  Ouseley.    London :  4to. 

126.  1801.  Treaty  between  France  and  Tripoli,  dated  19th  June,  containing 
the  ''most  favoured  nation  **  clause.    Tab.  des  £tab.  Fr.  en  Al^;.  1841,  p.  423. 

128.  1802.  Homeman,  Frederick.— Journal  of  travels  from  Cairo  to  Mour^ 
zonk  the  Capital  of  the  Kingdom  of  Fezzan  in  Africa,  in  the  year  1797-8.. 
London  :  4to,  pp.  195,  with  2  maps. 

The  author  was  employed  by  the  Society  for  Exploring  the  Interior  of  Africa. 
He  went  direct  from  Cairo  to  Mourzouk,  and  thence  to  Tripoli,  whence 
he  returned  to  Mourzouk. 

Also  a  French  translation,  Paris,  1803,  2  vol.  8vo,  with  valuable  notes  by 
Langles  principally  from  Arab  authors. 

127.  1802-3.  Cuny,  G. — ^Tableau  historique  des  decouverts  et  ^tablissements 
Europ^ens  dans  le  nord  et  Touest  de  TAfrique,  jusqu'au  commencement  du  zix 
Sidcle,  augments  du  Voyage  d'Homiman  dans  le  Fezzan,  et  de  tons  les  renseigne- 
ments  qui  sont  parvenus  depuis  k  la  Socidt^  d'Afrique  sur  les  empores  du  Bomou, 
du  Eash;^  &c.     Traduit  par  Cuny.    Paris :  An.  xiL,  8vo. 

128.  1805.  W.  R  (William  Eaton) — ^Interesting  details  of  operations  of  the 
American  fleet  in  the  Mediterranean.  Letter  from  W.  E.,  an  officer,  to  his  friend 
in  the  county  of  Hampshire  (Mass.).    Springfield :  8vo,  pp.  32. 

129.  1806.    History  of  the  War  between  the  United  States  and  Tripoli, 

and  other  Barbery  Powers,  to  which  is  prefixed  a  Geographical,  Religious  and 
Political  History  of  the  Barbary  States  in  general.  Printed  at  the  Salem  Gazette 
office,  Salem,  U.S.A. :  12mo,  pp.  144. 

In  an  appendix  is  given  a  letter  from  General  William  Eaton  to  the  Secretary 
of  the  Navy,  dated  9th  Aug.,  1805. 

180.  1808.  Murray,  Alexander.— James  Bruce;  accoxmt  of  his  life  and 
writings.    Edinburgh :  4to,  maps  and  plates. 

VOL.  n.  2  p 


574  A  BIBUOOKAPHY  OF  TRIPOU  AND  THE  CTBENAICA. 

181.  1812.  Treaty  between  Great  Britain  and  Tripoli,  signed  by  Captain 
Math6w  Smith,  H.M.S.  Comua.    10th  May,  1812.  Hertslot's  TreatieB,  voL  i.  p.  152. 

182.  1813.  Blaqnidre,  Edward.— Letters  from  the  Mediterranean ;  containing 
a  civil  and  political  account  of  Sicily,  Tripoli,  Tunis  and  Malta ;  with  Biblio- 
graphical Sketches,  &c.    London :  Svo,  2  voL  pp.  652,  460. 

The  first  105  pp.  of  vol.  2  are  on  Tripoli. 

A  Oerman  translation:  Briefe  aus  dem  Mittell&ndischen  Meere,  forms 

vols.  XXV.  and  xxvi«  of  '  Neue  Bibliothek  der  wichtigsten  BdsebeKhreibungen,' 

&c.,  von  F.  J.  Bertuch,  &c.    Weimar :  1815-36,  8vo,  65  vol,  maps  and  ai- 

gravings. 

188.    1813.    Saton,  General  William,  Life  oH  —  Brookfield,  n.S.A.:  8vo, 

pp.  448. 

At  p.  301  is  an  extract  from  his  journal  relating  to  his  march  from 
Alexandria  through  the  desert  to  Dema. 

184.  1813.  Biography  of  Ck>nunodore  Beoatur.— The  Analeotic  Maga. 
Philadelphia :  vol  i.  p.  502. 

185.  1814.  Ali  Bey  el  Abbassi,  Pseudonym  of  D.  Badia  y  Leblich,  a  Spanish 
traveller. — ^Voyages  en  Afrique  et  en  Asie  pendant  les  Annto  1803-1807.  Paris, 
3  vol.  8vo,  with  atlas,  long  folio,  Ixxxiii.  plates,  of  which  the  first,  from  i.  to  xii. 
bis,  relate  to  Morocco,    xiii.  to  xv.  relate  to  Tripoli. 

An  English  version  was  published  at  London,  1816,  2  vol.  4to,  and  a 
second  French  edition  at  Paris,  1884,  3  vol.  12mo. 

The  author  travelled  as  a  Turk ;  he  landed  at  Tangier,  where  he  saw  the 
Sultan,  passed  through  Mekn^  to  Fez,  where  he  resided  a  winter,  returned  to 
the  coast  at  Laraiohe,  where  he  emharked  for  Tripoli,  and  the  further  East. 

Vol.  i.  chap.  xxii.  contains  an  account  of  Tripoli,  with  a  plan  of  the  great 
Mosque  and  copies  of  several  Boman  inscriptions. 

186.  1816.  Treaty  between  Great  Britain  and  Tripoli,  signed  by  Lord 
Exmouth,  29th  April,  1816.    Hertslet^s  Treaties,  vol.  i.  p.  153. 

Placing  the  inhabitants  of  the  Ionian  Islands  on  the  same  footing  as  natives 
of  Great  Britain. 

187.  1816.  Declaration,  sipn^cd  by  the  Bey  of  Tripoli  at  the  instance  of  Lord 
Exmouth,  providing  for  the  abolition  of  Christian  Slavery,  Lap.  155. 

It  is  curious  that  nothing  exists  on  this  subject  in  the  Tripoli  Archives. 

188.  1816.  Janaon,  W.— A  View  of  the  Present  Condition  of  the  States  of  Bar- 
bary;  or  an  account  of  the  Climate,  Soil,  Produce,  Population,  Manufactures, 
Naval  and  Military  strength  of  Morocco,  Fez,  Algiers,  Tripoli,  and  Tunis.  Also  a 
Description  of  their  Mode  of  Warfare,  interspersed  with  anecdotes  of  their  Cruel 
Treatment  of  Christian  captives,  illustrated  by  a  new  and  correct  hydrographical 
map,  drawn  by  J.  J.  Asheton. 

This  gives  an  account  of  the  American  War  on  Tripoli,  and  of  Eaton's  ex- 
pedition from  Egypt  to  Dema. 

189.  1816.  Hiatorical  Memoirs  of  Barbary,  as  connected  with  the  Plunder 
of  the  Seas ;  including  a  sketch  of  Algiers,  Tripoli  and  Tunis,  an  account  of  the 
various  attacks  made  upon  them  by  several  States  of  Europe ;  considerations  of 
their  present  means  of  defence ;  and  the  original  treaties  entered  into  with  them  by 
Charles  II.    London  :  12mo,  pp.  112. 

The  portion  devoted  to  Tripoli  and  Barca  is  from  pp.  53  to  58.  It  is  with- 
out value. 


A  BIBU00RAPH7  OF  TRIPOU  AND  THE  C7BENAICA.  575 

140.  1816.  Hunt*  QUbert  T.— The  lato  War  between  the  United  States  and 
Great  Britain  from  June  1812  to  February  1815,  written  in  the  ancient  historical 
style :  containing  also  a  sketch  of  the  late  Algerine  War,  and  the  Treaty  concluded 
with  the  Dey  of  Algiers.    New  York :  8vo,  pp.  334. 

The  whole  work  is  a  poor  travesty  of  Biblical  language,  very  partial  to  the 
U.S.,  and  generally  untmstworthy,  being  a  mere  compilation. 

See  also  two  articles  in  the  Analectic  Review,  Philadelphia,  vol.  viL 
pp.  105-113  and  113-131.  The  former  gives  a  sketch  of  the  Barbary  States ; 
the  latter  narrates  Decatur's  expedition  against  Algiers,  Tunis  and  Tripoli, 
which  proved  successful  where  European  fleets  had  failed. 

141.  1816-17.  Maroelli,  Steph.  Ant. — Africa  Christiana.  Brixiae:  3  vol. 
4to,  pp.  394,  376,  341,  with  maps  of  Mauritania,  Numidia  and  Tripolita. 

This  is  the  great  standard  work  on  the  African  Church. 

142.  1817.  Diimg^,  Dr.  G.  Q. — ^Ansichten  von  Tripoly,  Tunis  und  Algier,  aus 
dem  Reiseberichten  Franzosischen  Missionairs.    Stuttgart :  8vo.  pp.  120. 

148.  1817.  TuUy,  Bioliard. — Narrative  of  a  ten  years*  residence  at  Tripoli  in* 
Africa,  from  the  original  correspondence  in  the  possession  of  the  family  of  the  late 
Richard  Tully,  Esq.,  the  British  Cousul.  Written  by  his  Sister.  London :  4to, 
pp.  370,  with  map  and  6  coloured  plates. 

Reviewed  in  the  Monthly  Review,  1818,  voL  Ixzxvii.  pp.  113-121,  and  the 
Christ.  Observer,  vol.  xvi.  pp.  453-467. 

144.  1817.  Iioyden,  John,  and  Hugh  Murray. — Historical  account  of  Dis- 
coveries and  Travels  in  Africa . . .  with  illustrations  of  its  Geography  and  Natural 
History  as  well  as  the  moral  and  social  conditions  of  its  inhabitants.  2nd  edition. 
Edinburgh :  2  vol.  8vo,  pp.  512-535. 

Vol.  i.  p.  296,  contains  an  abstract  of  Mr.  Lucas*  journey  from  Tripoli  to 
Fezzan ;  p.  417,  Horneman*s  journey  to  Jupiter  Ammon,  Fezzan  and  Tri- 
poli. Vol.  ii.  p.  209,  Voyage  of  the  Jems  to  Tripoli ;  p.  230,  Shaw's  travels 
in  Barbary;  p.  252,  Tully's  Tripoli;  at  p.  521  there  is  a  bibliography  of  im- 
portant works  relating  to  Africa. 

The  original  edition  was  published  in  1799,  and  a  French  translation  by 
Cuvillier  appeared  in  Paris,  4  vol.  8vo,  with  atlas,  in  1821. 

146.  1818.  Declaration  of  the  Bey  of  Tripoli,  forbidding  his  vessels  from 
cruising  near  any  British  Port.  Signed  by  Consul-Gen,  H.  Warrington,  8th 
March,  1818.    Hertslet's  Treaties,  vol.  iii.  p.  27. 

140.  1819.  DeUa  Cella,  Paolo.  Viaggio  da  TripoU  di  Barberia  alle  Frontieri 
occidentali  deir  Egitto,  fatto  nel  1817  dal  Dottore  Paolo  Delia  Cella,  e  scritto  in 
littera  al  Sig.  D.  Viviani.    Genoa  :  8vo. 

An  English  translation  was  published  at  London,  1822 :  '  Narrative  of  an 
Expedition  from  Tripoli  in  Barbary  to  the  Western  Frontier  of  Egypt  in  1817 
by  the  Bey  of  Tripoli,  in  letters  to  Dr.  Viviani,  of  Genoa,  by  Paolo  Delia 
Cella,  M.D.,  Physician  Attendant  of  the  Bey;  with  an  appendix  containing 
instructions  for  navigating  the  Great  Syrtis.  Translated  from  the  Italian  by 
Anthony  Aufrere,  Esq.'  London :  8vo,  pp.  238.  Reviewed  in  Quart.  Rev. 
vol.  xxvi.,  1822,  pp.  209-229,  and  in  Edin.  Rev.  vol.  xlviii.,  1828,  pp.  220-235. 
Also  a  French  edition :  '  Voyage  en  Afrique  au  royaume  de  Barca  et  dans 
la  Cyr^naique,*  traduit  par  A.  Pezaut.    Paris,  1840. 

The  author  gives  an  animated  description  of  what  he  saw,  but  his  work  is 
superficial. 

2  p  2 


576  A  BIBLIOGRAPHT  OF  TRIPOU  AM)  THE  CTRENAICA.  ^ 

147.  1821.  Lyon,  Capt  G.  F..  TLN.—A  oairsiiTe  of  TraveU  in  Northern 
ArHca  in  the  ye»n  1818,  1819  and  1820.  Accompanied  by  geographic>I  noiioes 
of  Sondaa,  and  the  conrac  of  Ihe  Niger,  London  :  4Ui,  pp.  383,  map,  and  17 
coloured  plntea. 

The  ftuthor  arcomfonied  Mr.  Hitehie,  who  waa  employed  hj  the  British 
Goveniment,  on  s  mission  to  Central  Africa,  where  he  diecl.  He  started  fiom 
Tripoli,  and  Intvelled  aa  far  south  ne  21°  N.  laL 

A  Frencli  translation  by  L.  Ed.  Gaulhier  was  published  in  Paris,  II 
2  voL  12mo. 

See  also  Tripoli  Archivca,  Nn.  17. 

14a    1S21.    Wolckenaar,  C,  A.,  Memhre  de  IToBtilut.— Recherchee  g^ugrephiqaea 

Bur  nntiJricur  de  I'Afrique  Septentrionftle,  comprenant  ITiiatoire  dea  Voyage* 
eatrepris  on  ex^cutfe  jusqu'i  ce  jour  pour  p^nitrer  dans  I'lnl^rieur  dn  Boudan,  Ac, 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  B25,  with  a  map. 

Part  iii.  p.  243  e(  teq.  ranlaina  an  account  of  the  various  ^D^te« 
from  Tripoii.     See  also  Joum.  liea  Savants,  1822,  p.  ICM. 

149.  1821.  Niles.  John  M.— The  life  of  Oliver  Hazani  Parry,  with  an  appendix 
compriaiag  n  biographical  memoir  of .  ...  Commodorps  Bninbridge  and  Decatur. 
Hartford,  U.S. :  12mo,  pp.  :i84. 

Bainbridge  commanded  the  PkHadtJphia,  which  ran  ashore  at  Tripoli,  when 
ho  and  his  crew  were  made  prisoners.  Both  were  distiaguiihed  in  the  Bubary 
War. 

150.  1821.  Hutton,  CathM^no.— The  tonr  of  Africa,  conUining  a  concise 
occonnt  of  all  the  countries  in  that  quarter  of  the  globe  hitherto  visited  t^ 
Europeans.    London :  3  vol.  Bvo. 

Written  as  if  by  an  imagiDniy  traveller.  Yol.  iii.  p.  468  H  W{.  refers  to 
Tripoli.  - 

161,    1B24.    Jomard.— T)£couTertes  rSoenlea  en    Afrique    couvellea    tirfea    dni 
Quarterly  Review,  Dec.  1823,    Bull.  8oc  G&igr.  Paris,  t.  2,  p.  11.  ■ 

163.  1824.     VlTiani,  D.— Florae  Libjcae  Specimen.     Folio,     Genoa. 

15S,     J82C.    Hamaker.  H.  A.— Lettres  de  M.  O,  Arent.  Hsmaker  ft  M.  Baoul 

liucheCte  nur  une  inscription  en  caractSres  phdniciens  et  grecs  rdcemmeot  dicoa- 
verte  i  Cyrfino,     Leyde :  4to,  lithographed,  1  plate. 

164.  182G.  Senliam,  ULaior,  Captain  Hugb  Cl&pperton,  and  the  lale 
Dr.  Oudnej. — Narrative  of  Traveis  nnd  Discoveries  in  Northern  and  Central 
Africa,  in  the  years  1822, 1823  and  1824,  Extending  across  the  Great  Desert  to 
10°  N.  Lat.,  and  from  Kouha  in  Bomou  to  Sackatw,  the  capital  of  the  Felaiah 
Empire.  Loudon  :  2  vol.  8vo,  3rd  edition,  1828,  pp.  471,  465,  with  maps,  pUles, 
and  illnalrations. 

An  American  edition  was  published  in  Boston,  1  vol.  8vo,  pp,  Ixiv.  +  253 
+  104  +  112, 

I'ho  authors  started  from  Tripoli,  and  the  two  first  returned  to  the  satne 
place. — See  also  Tripoli  Archives. 

166.    182G.    Letronne,    J.    Ant,— Rapport   de   la  Commission    nomm^   pu 
TAcadtoie   pour  einminer  les  risultals  du  voyage  en  Cyr^oalqne  et  «n  M«I^ 
marique,  par  M.  PachO.    Joum.  dee  8av.  pp.  16C-1T0. 
Project  of  publication  of  PachO's  work,  I.  c.  p.  505. 


age* 

,4c  


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CTRENAIGA.  577 

166.    1826.    Halte-Bmiziy  M.  —  Rapport  des  Commissaires  nommds   par   la 
GommiBBion  Gentrale  de  la  Soc.  de  G^^^.  pour  examiner  les  r^sultaU  du  voyage 
de  M.  Pachd  dans  la  Gyr^nalque.    Bull.  Soc.  G^^ogr.  Paris,  t  5,  pp.  658-576. 
The  Society  voted  him  the  prize  of  3000f. 

157.  1826.  Or&berg  da  Hemso*  Gount  J.  G.»  Danish  Consfil  at  Tripoli.— 
Letter  from  TripolL  He  gives  news  of  Major  Gordon  Laing.  BolL  Soc.  (}^ogr., 
F^iris,  t  5,  p.  680. 

168.  1829.  Paohd»  Basrxnond. — Relation  d'un  voyage  dans  la  Marmarique,  la 
Cyr^nalque,  et  les  Oasis  de  d'Andjelah  et  de  Maradeh,  pendant  les  anndes  1824  et 
1825;  accompagn^  de  cartes  g^ographiques  et  topograpbiqnes  et  de  planches 
repr^sentant  les  monuments  de  ces  oonti^es.  Paris:  dto,  1827-1829,  pp.  404, 
atlas,  foL,  8  maps,  and  100  plates* 

168.  — ^— -  Rapport  des  Commissaires  nomm^i  par  la  Commission  Centrale 
pour  examiner  les  resultats  de  voyage  de  M.  Pachd  dans  la  Cyrdnalque. 

160.  ■  Notice  sur  la  Cyr^nalque  lue  k  la  Soc.  de  Q4off» 

161.    See  also  £din.  Rev.,  vol  xlviii.  1828,  pp.  220. 

162.  1827.  Or&berg  da  Hema5,  Comte  J.  C,  Swedish  Con8al.^Commercio 
di  TripolL  Antologia;  Giomale  delle  Sdenze.  Florence:  1827, 1828  and  1830. 
Noe.  81,  88,  111. 

Reviewed  in  the  London  Magazine,  3rd  ser.,  voL  ii.,  October  1828,  pp. 
361-366,  under  the  title  ''  An  Account  of  the  Present  SUte  of  TripoH"  The 
anther  states  that  Tripoli  was  in  a  more  advanced  condition  than  any  of  the 
other  Barfaary  States  on  account  of  the  hereditary  forms  of  its  government. 

168b  1827.  -  Ii*InveBtigateur  AMoain. — ^A  journal  published  at  Tripoli  during 
a  short  period,  to  which  M.  J.  L.  Rousseau,  French  Consul,  was  a  contributor.  It 
was  edited  by  Gr&berg  de  HemsQ. 

164.  1828.  Lyman,  Theodore.— The  Diplomacy  of  the  United  States,  being  an 
account  of  the  foreign  relations  of  the  country  from  the  first  treaty  with  France 
to  the  present  time.  Boston :  2nd  edition,  with  additions,  2  vol.  pp.  xiL  470, 
xu.  517. 

YoL  ii.  chap.  xiii.  relates  to  negotiations  with  the  Barbaiy  Powers,  including 
operaticms  at  Tripoli  and  Eaton's  expedition. 

166.  1828.  Thrige,  J.  P.,  Scholae  Roeskildensis. — Res  Cyrenenslum  a  primordiis 
inde  dvitatis  usque  ad  setatem,  qua  in  provinciis  formam  a  Romanis  est  redacta ; 
novis  CUTIS  illustravit  J.  P.  T.  a  schedis  defunct!  auctoris,  edidit  8.  K.  J.  Blooh. 
HafiiisB:  8v0t  pp.  371. 

The  texts  concerning  the  history  of  Cyrene  taken  from  Herodotus,  Pau- 
sanius,  Scylax,  ^,  are  brought  together.  The  fint  edition  was  published  in 
1819. 

166.  1828.  Beeohey,  Capt.  F.  W.,  and  H.  W.  Beeohey. — ^Proceedings  of  the 
expedition  to  explore  the  Northern  Coast  of  Africa  from  Tripoli  Eastward  in 
1821-22.  Comprehending  an  account  of  the  Greater  Syrtis  and  Cyrenaica,  and  of 
the  ancient  cities  composing  the  Pentapolis.  London :  4to,  pp.  xxiv.  572,  xlviii., 
with  9  maps  and  18  plates. 

Reviewed  in  Edin.  Rev.,  vol.  xlviii.,  1828,  p.  220.— See  also  Tripoli  Archives, 
No.  19.    A  most  exhaustive  work. 

167.  1828.  Iiaizig,  Mi^or  Qordon.— An  account  of  his  travels  from  Tripoli  to 
Timbuctoo  and  murder  near  the  latter  place  is  given  in  the  Quarterly  Review, 


B7R  A  BIELIOGRAPIir  Of  TRlPOtl  AJtt)  TOE  CYRESAICA. 

vol.  xix'iii.  p.  lOO.^Sce  also  a  French  translation  of  this  artido  io  thfl  Bib! 
tb^que  Univeraelli?,  Geneva,  1828,  t.  xxzLx.  p.  47. — Also  Tripoli  Archives,  Noa^fl 
23,  2C,  27,  30,  31,32. 

168.  1829.  Lee,  Sajiiuel,l>.D.—The  travels  of  IbnBatutailraDBlated  from  tlie 
abridged  manuscript  copies  iu  the  Pu1)lic  Ltbrar;  of  Cambridge,  Priiihjd  for  the 
Oiieutal  TranglatiOQ  ComiDittee.    LondoD :  4to,  pp.  sviii.  and  242, 

Chap.  i.  treats  of  Tangiers,  Ti!intt3ti,  Milyilna,  Algiers,  Bijfi,ja,  Kosantins, 
Biina,  Tflnis,  Siisa,  Balikus,  Klbis,  IVipoli,  &c. 

Iba  Btttnta  left  Ills  rative  c'\ty,  Tnngisr,  aboot  1324,  and  spent  two  jean 
making  bis  joornej'. 
lee.     1830.    Head,  Hajor  F.  B.— The  life  of  Bruce,  Ibc  Africut  travellor.; 
London:  lEmo,  pp.  i")35,  with  [mrtrait  and  mayis. 

At  p.  47  is  an  account  of  Ucuce's   Imvels  in  Tripoli  and  shipwreck  tt 
Benghazi. 

170.  1830.    Jameson,  Frof.,  James  Wileoit,  and  Hugh  Murray. — Kv- 

rative  of  discovery  and  adventure  in  Africa,  from  the  earliest  ages  to  the  present 
time.     Edinburgh:  l2inD,  pp.  492. 

This  gives  a  risumi  of  the  explorations  of  Hornenuvn,  Laing,  Rilohia  ai 

Lyon,  with  a  general  account  of  Africa.    It  forms  vol.  ii,  of  the  Edinburgkl 

Cabinet  Library. 

171.  1830.    KuaseU,  Bt.  Rev.  M.,  Bishop  of  the  Scotch  Episcopal  Church, 

Glasgow  and  Galloway.     History  and  Present  Condition  of  the  Barbara  States, 
forming  vol.  svii.  of  the  Edin.  Par.  Lib.    Edinburgh:  8to,  pp.  448. 
Another  edition,     1835. 
Chap.  V.  TheCyrenaica  and  the  Pentapolis. 
Chap.  vi.  Tripoli  and  its  immediate  Dependencies. 

172. A   German  tranfilatiou.    Pcsth,  1836-37.     '  Gcmalde  der  Berba 

Oder  Geachichte  nnd  gegenwSrtiger  Zustandder  Staaten  Tunis,  &&' 

173,  1830.    OT&bergde  Hsmso.— Carta  dell' Africa. 
See  No.  109  of  the  Antologia. 

174.  1830.  Treaty  between  France  and  Tripoli,  dated  lllh  Aug.,  negociated  by 
Contre-Amiral  de  Itosame!,  abolishing  Christian  slavery  (which  had  already  been 
abolished  by  Lord  Eimouth  in  181C),  and  generally  regulating  the  relations 
between  the  two  countries.  Tab.  dos  Etab,  Fr.  en  Alg.,  1841,  p.  424.  8ee  also 
Trijwli  Archives,  No.  32. 

176.  1832.  Papers  explanatory  of  the  circumstances  under  which  Sidi  Hassuna 
D'Ghiea  has  been  accused  by  the  Basliaw  of  Tripoli  of  havingabstractedtlie  papers 
of  the  late  Major  Laing.    HKie  Rook,    Folio,  pp.  143, 

178.  1832.  Shereef  Mohamed  HasHUna  D'GbieB,  Late  Minister  to  Ibo  Pacha 
of  Tripoli.— A  Statement  to  the  IU.  lion.  Lord  Goderich,  Sec  of  H,B,M.  for  tlie 
Colonies,  concerning  the  I'spedition  of  the  late  Major  Laing  to  Timbuctoo,  and  the 
affairs  of  Tripoli.    Blue  Book.    Folio,  pp.  54. 

177.  1833.  PouqaeviUe.— MiSmoire  historique  et  diplomatique  snt  le  commerce 
et  tes  <!tabliasementa  fian^-ais  au  Levant,  depuls  I'an  DOO  de  J.  C.  jusqu'i  la  fin  du 
xvn  sigcle.  Him.  de  ITnst.  Boy,  de  France — Acad.deslnacr.  etBelL  Lett.  1. 10, 
p.  613. 

This  gives  an  interesting  account  of  the  origin  of  French  consnlatcs, 
amongst  others  of  those  of  Tripoli,  Tunis,  &c.,  in  about  1647. 


4 


ttcs,  and   ^^U 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  TRIPOLI  AND  THS  CTKENAICA,  579 

178.  1836.  Talma*  A.— Beutogtje  langs  en  in  eenige  havens  aan  de  Spaanache, 
Fransche,  Italiansche  en  Barbarijscheknsten  met  de  Nederlandsclie  korret  Dolfijn. 
Amsterdam:  8yo. 

The  portion  treating  of  Tunis  and  Tripoli  is  from  p.  88  to  101. 

179.  1835.  Junker,  P.  a— Die  XJmschifinog  Libyens  durch  die  Ph5nizier. 
Gonitz,  1835.    Also  Leipzig,  1841. 

180.  1835.  Oreenhow,  Bobert — Sketches  of  the  history  and  present  condition 
of  Tripoli,  with  some  accounts  of  the  other  Barbary  States.  The  Southern 
Literary  Messenger,  Richmond,  n.S.A.,  vol.  i.  p.  65, 128, 193,  and  voL  ii.  1,  69, 
141,  213,  525,  669. 

181.  1835.  Aveaao,  A.  P.  d'. — ^Itin^raires  dans  I'int^rienr  de  rAfrique  aepten- 
trionale,  et  discussion  d'un  nouveau  canevas  g^^ique  de  cette  region.    Paris :  8vo. 

This  also  appears  as  Relation  d*un  voyage  dans  Tintdrieur  d'Afrique  s^tent. 
in  the  Bull,  de  la  Soc.  de  G^^.,  2  s^rie,  t.  i.  pp.  277  et  teq, 

182.  1836.    ifitudes  de  Geographic  critique  sur  une  partie  de  I'Afrique 

septent.     Itin^raires   de   Haggy-ebn-el-Dyn-el-Aghouathy,  &c.      Paris:   8vo, 
pp.  viii.  and  188, 1  map. 

188b  1836.  HarouB,  Iiouia.— Histoire  de  Wandals  •  •  •  •  accompagn^  de  recher- 
ches  sur  le  commerce  que  les  ^tats  barbaresques  firent  avec  I'^trauger.  Paris : 
8vo.    2nd  edition,  Paris,  1838.    pp.  423+95. 

The  Vandals  never  extended  their  dominion  beyond  the  sea-coast  of  Tripoli 
and  the  Cyrenaica. 

184.  1836.  Karl  Bitter. — G^ographie  g^n^rale  compar^^  traduit  de  TAUemand 
par  P.  Buret  et  Edouard  Desor.    Paris :  3  voL  8vo. 

YoL  iii.  p.  210,  contains  an  account  of  the  Plateau  of  Barca  and  the  Cyrenaica. 

186.  1836.  Jaubert,  Am^te.— G^raphie  d'Sdricd  traduit  de  I'Arabe  en 
fTan9aiS,  d'apr^  deux  MSS.  de  la  Bibliothdque  du  Hoi,  et  accompagnde  de  notes. 
T.  i.  1836 ;  t.  u.  1840. 

Tripoli  and  Barca  are  mentioned  at  vol.  i.  pp.  252-285.  The  Arabic  text 
and  French  translation  were  also  published  by  Dozy  and  Goeje.  Edrisi  was 
bom  at  Cueta  in  1093. 

See  also  Joum.  Asiati.  3  ser.  t.  xi.  p.  362. 

186.  1836.  Delaporte,  J.  D.,  Consul  de  France  k  Tanger.  Des  Antiquity  de 
de  Leptis  Magna.    Joum.  Asiatique,  3*  ser.  t.  i.  pp.  305-337. 

Report  written  in  1806  to  the  Prince  de  B^n^vent,  Ministre  des  relations 
ext^rieures  de  I'Empire  Fran^ais. 

187.  1836.  Aot  of  the  British  Parliament,  providing  for  Consular  juris- 
diction in  ... .  Tripoli.    Hertslet*s  Treaties,  vol.  v.  p.  503. 

188b  1837.  Ewald,  duifltn.  Ferd.— Eeise  von  Tunis  ilber  Soliman,  Nabal, 
Hammamet,  Susa,  Sfax,  Gabis,  Gerba  nach  Tripolis,  und  von  da  wieder  zuriick 
nach  Tunis,  im  Jahre  1835.  Herausgegeben  von  Paul  Ewald,  Niirenberg,  Ebner, 
1837-38.    Large  8vo,  3  parts,  1  map,  8  black  and  5  coloured  engravings. 

188.  1838.  Gibbon,  Edward.— The  History  of  the  Decline  and  Fall  of  the 
Roman  Empire.    London :  8vo,  12  vol. 

Vol.  iv.  p.  286,  chap,  xxviii.  The  tyranny  of  Romanus  in  the  Confederacy 
of  Tripoli,  a.d.  366. 

Vol.  viiL  p.  227,  chap.  xlvi.  The  Greek  colonies  of  Cyrene  exterminated 
by  Ghosroes  II.,  a.d.  614. 


S80  A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  TKIPOLl  AND  THE  CVKENAICA. 

190.  1839.    Abou'l  FMa,  lama^LL      Description  des  pajs  da  Mikglirab.  TezU" 
Arab  avec  trad,  par  Cb.  Sulvnt.     Ai  =  er:  8vo,  pp.  111-99. 

191.  1839.  Walkeiui«r,  Baron  Ch.  AttL— Rapport  sur  les  recherclies  gjo- 
graphiqDCB,  hiBtoriques,  arcli&>Iogique8,  qu'il  convicndrait  de  coDtinuer  ou  d'eotr*- 
prendre  dana  I'Afrique  septentriouale.  MSm.  de  I'lnat.  Acad,  des  Insc  et  Bell. 
Lettrefl,  t.  xii.  pp.  S8-134.     Alao  separately,  Paris :  4to,  pp.  83. 

At  p.  106  he  givea  as  account  of  previous  explorations  in  the  Cyrenuca  and 

Tripoli. 

IBS.    1839-1853.     Booking,  Edwardos.— Notitia  d<gDit«,tnm  et  odministra- 

tioDnni,  omnium  tarn  civilium  quam  milltarum  in  partibuB  orientia  et  occidentib 

Bonnae :  3  vol.  (the  last  being  an  index),  8to,  pp.  510, 1009, 192.    See  alao  BUT* 

Afr.  vol.  vi.  p.  135  et  scg. 

183.     IS'lO.     Precis  anftlytique  do  I'histirire  snc.  d'Afrique  septenlrionale. 

Tableau  de  la  Situatioo  dcs  ^UbliaaemenU  franfais  for  1810.    No.  195. 
IH.     1810.     Abou  '1  Feda,  lemael. — Texto  Arabe  public  d'apr^s  lea  Manuscrits 
de  Paria  et  da  Lej'dc  aux  fnii!:  cic  In  Socidt^  Aaiatique,  par  U.  Bainaud,  Membra 
de  rinatitut,  et  \e  Bn.  Macd-uckin  de  Bl&ne.    Paris  :  4to,  jip.  ilvii.  539. 
1B6.    1841.    Hinist&re  de  la  Querra. — Tableau  de  la  Situation  dea  Etabhase- 
menta  Pranfais  dans  I'Algme  en  1810.     Pari.'! :  4to,  pp.  452. 

In  aHdition  to  much  vnliiable  information  rognrding  Algeria  before  and  after 
the  Conquest,  tills  volume  con  tain  a  a  airieanf  appendices  of  eiceptional  intereat. 
The  &nt  three  relate  escluBively  to  Algeria.    No.  Jv.  is  a  "Pr^is  snaljtique 
deltiistoire  ancieiine  de  I'Afriqtie  Septentrionale"  during  the  following  periodB: 
Carthaginian,  Roman,  Vandal,  Byzantine;  including  an  account  of  the  intro- 
duction of  Greek  civiliKation  into  the  Cyronwca.     Na  v,  "Division  tenitoriale 
^tablie  cd  Afrique  par  les  liomana."     No.  vj.  "  Principaus  traits  de  poix  et 
do  Commerce  conclus  par  ia  France  avec  les  Begencea  Barbareaquea."    No.  viL 
"  Bibliographie  Algerienne." 
106.    1841.    Slane,    U   Baron    MaoGuokln    de. — Hirtoire   de    la    prorince 
d'Afriqno   et   des   Maghrib,   troduite  de  I'Arabe  d'En-Nowutl      Jonrn.   A^t. 
S  ser.  tome  li.  p.  97  tl  $eg. 

This  commences  with  the  invasion  of  N.  Africa  by  the  Mohammeduii  in 
A.I..  647-8. 

197.  1811.    BotaUer,  Cb.  de.     Histoired'Al^eret  de  la  piraterie  deaTurca 
la  MMiterran^e  &  datcr  dii  Selzif^mc  SiSclo.    Paris:  2  vol.  pp.  447,  522. 

Tripoli  taken  by  the  Tiirks,  vol.  ii.  p.  59. 

198.  1611.  Temaux-CompanB,  S. — Biblioth6que  Asiatique  et  AAicain^; 
catalogue  dea  ouviagea  relatifa  k  t'Asic  et  it  I'Afrique  qui  ont  imni  depail> 
dA»uTerte  de  Timprimerie  jusq'en  1750.    Paris,  Leipsick :  8to,  pp.  279. 

A  inost  valuable  work.    Contaioa  2803  entrioa. 


198. 


1812.     Abou  '1  Feda,  lamaaL — Qeographie 
Gnyard.    Paris :  1842-1883,  2  vol  Ito. 


Trad.  Fr.  par  Seinand  «t 


01  in 

I 


200.    1812.    Slane,  Baron  MaoQuckln  de. — Description  de  I'Afriqae  par  Ibn- 
HaucaL    Traduit  de  I'Arabe.     Joum.  Asiat.  3  ser.  t.  13,  pp.  153  and  209. 

The  work  commences  with  a  description  of  the  country  between  Barca  atul 
Gabes. 

Also  Arab,  text  published  by  De  Goeje,  Leyden,  1671. 
bj  Oosley,  1800. 


English  tnuislatM^^^ 


A  BlfiUOGRAPHY  OF  TRIPOU  AND  THE  C7BENAICA.  581 

fiOl.  1842.  MannuTt,  Konrad. — G^ographie  ancienne  des  £tat8  barbaresqnes. 
lyaprds  TAIlemand  de  Mannert  par  L.  Marcus  et  Duesberg,  avec  des  additions  et 
des  notes  par  L.  Marcus.    Paris :  8vo»  pp.  803. 

Livre  i.  Libye ;  Marmarique ;  Cyr^nalqiie,  &c.    pp.  17-231. 

SOS.  '  1844.  Btrabo. — Strabonis  Rerum  Geographicarum  Libri  XVII.  Gr,  et  Lat. 
Oxonii :  2  vol.  folio. 

Many  other  editions. 

An  English  edition  of  Strabo  was  published  by  H.  G.  Bohn  in  1854-7,  trans- 
lated by  H.  C.  Hamilton  and  W.  Falconer.    3  toI.  12mo. 

In  Book  zviL  c  iii.  s.  18,  is  an  account  of  the  Syrtis  and  the  Gyrenaica. 

SOS,    1844.    Boeokh,  Aug. — Corpus  Inscriptionum  Graecarum,  auctoritate  et  im- 
pensis  Academiae  Litterarum  Begiae  Borussicae,  ab  Materia  collecta  ab  Augusto 
Boeckhio,  edidit  Joannee  FransiuB.    Berolini :  folio. 
Vol.  iii.  fieisc.  i.  part  zxi.,  Inscriptiones  Cyrenaicae. 

This  contains  237  Greek  inscriptions  from  Gyrene,  Ftolemais,  Tenchira 
(Arsinog),  and  Berenice. 

204.  1844.  Ay«aao,  A.  P.  d*. — ^L'Univers:  Esquisse  G^n^rale  de  TAfrique, 
Aspect  et  Constitution  physique,  Histoire  Naturelle,  Ethnologie,  Linguistique, 
£tat  Social,  Histoire,  Explorations  et  Geographic.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  272. 

Premidre  partie,  La  Libye  propre,  comprenant  la  Gyr^nalque  et  la  Mar- 
marique, pp.  67-157.    Edifices  de  la  Tripolitaine,  p.  254. 
Two  illustrations  of  Gyrene. 

906.  1844.  ZanoBki,  JeaxL — ^L'Univers,  L'Afrique  Ghr^tienne.  Paris;  8vo, 
pp.63. 

206.    Histoire  de  ]&  domination  dee  Yandales  en  Afrique.   Paris :  8vo,  pp.  91. 

207.    Histoire  de  PAfrique  sous  la  domination  Byzantine,  et  appendices. 

Paris :  870,  pp.  91, 102. 

206.  1844.  Subtil,  E.— Sur  les  Mines  de  soufre  de  la  Syrte.  ReT.  de 
rOrient.  t.  v. 

This  paper,  by  the  notorious  sulphur  explorer  and  adventurer  of  Tripoli,  first 
ioduced  Richardson  to  make  his  celebrated  journey  to  the  Sahara. 

200.    Considerations   politiques  et  oommerciales  sur  Ghadames,  sniyies 

d*un  Itin^raire  de  Tripoli  k  Ghadames.    1.  c.  p.  97-123. 

210.  1844.  De  Slane,  Baron  MaoQuokixL—Sur  les  premiers  expeditions  dee 
Musulmans  en  Mauritanie.  Lettre  ^  M.  Hase,  Membre  de  I'Institut.  Paris : 
8vo,  pp.  39.    Extract  from  Journ.  Asiat.  No.  9  of  1844. 

Reply  to  M.  Hase,  who  had  asked  the  author  if  he  could  find  in  the  writings 
of  Arab  authors  exact  information  regarding  the  first  expeditions  of  the 
Mohammedans  in  Africa.  He  gives  a  critical  examination  of  En-Noweiri's  work, 
the  accuracy  of  which  he  disputes.  He  narrates  on  the  authority  of  other 
authors  the  Arab  invasion  of  the  Gyrenaica  and  Tripoli  in  a.d.  641-644. 

211.  1845.    Tripoli  et  Tunis,     Considerations  sur  la  possibility  d'une 

invasion  des  Turcs  dans  la  R^gence  de  Tunis  par  les  fronti^res  de  Tripoli.    Revne 
de  rOrient,  vol.  vii.  pp.  281-286. 

212.  1846.  Freanel,  F.  —  Inscriptions  Trilingues  trouv^  en  May  1846  ^ 
Lebda  (Leptis  Magna). — Partie  Punique  avec  la  transcription  Arabe.  Journ. 
Asiat,  4th  ser.,  vol.  viii.  pp.  349. 

21a  1846.  Maokexude,  Alexander  BUdell,  U.&ir.~The  life  of  Stephen 
Decatur,  a  Commodore  in  the  Navy  of  the  U.S.    Boston :  12mo,  pp.  443. 

This  is  contained  in  voL  xxi.  of  the  Library  of  American  Biography,  con- 


582  A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  TRIPOU  AND  THE  CYBENAICA, 

ducted  by  Jarcd  Sparks.    Decatur's  brilliant  wrvicee  en  the  Coast  of  BiirbuT^ 
are  well  known ;  lie  commanded  tho  rhiladelphia,  which  wsa  captnred  by  the 
Tripolilans.    He  aubsqiiently  recaptured  and  destroyed  her. — Sea  also  N.  Amer. 
IteT.  vol.  Iiiv,  pp.  27. 
214.    1847.    BicbtLrdeon,  James. — Touarick  Alphabet,  with  the  corresponding 
English   and  Arabic   letlera;   Vocabularies   of   the   Ghadamseo  and   Touarghee 
languogea. ,  .with  the  3td  Chapter  of  St.  Matthew  ia  Iho  Ghadamsee  and  Eabail 
(or  Algiers  dialect)  rendered  (interlioeally)  int)  Latin  by  F,  W.  Newman,  &c. 
London:  folio. 
SIB.    1817.    Ebaldoun,    Abou    Zeld    Abd-er-Rafaman    Ibn-Mohammed 
Zbii',  Native  and  Magistrate  of  Tuais. — Higtoire  des  B«rbdres  et  dee  Dyuasties 
Muslemanc9  do  TAfrique    eeptentrionalc.    Translatioii  fTBD(aise  par  le  Baron 
MaoCtuckin  de  Blaiie.    Algiers:  4  vols. 

The  original  work  is  a  gcncml  history  o[  the  Mohammodon  world,  and  is 
unsurpassed  in  Arabic  literature  as  a  masterpiece  of  historical  composition.  It 
ivas  printed  at  Bulac,  in  7  vols,  royal  8to,  a.k,  1284.  He  was  a  native  of 
IVnia ;  taught  at  Tlemj en ;  was  first  the  captive  and  subsequently  the  friend  of 
Timiir,  and  died  at  C^ro  in  a.d.  140G. 

At  vol,  i.  p.  301  of  de  Slaue's  vrork  are  colleotcd  some  of  the  most  undent 
Arab  tiadiliona  regarding  the  firat  invasion  of  Africa  by  the  Mohammedans,  from 
a  history  of  tho  conquest  of  E^ypt  by  Abd'ei^RaJiman  ibn  el-Hakim. 
1.  "Conqufite  de  Barca."  2.  "Tripoli."  At  p.  313  are  eitracls  from  the 
work  of  'EnJSow&ri  on  tho  conquest  of  Africa,  an  account  more  detailed  tl 
that  of  Ibn-Khnldmm. 

At  vol.  ii.  p.  379  are  extracts  from  Ibn-el  Atair.    "Lee  Siciliens  nttaqiu 
la  villo  de  Tripoli  et  ddtruisent  celle  de  Djidjel."    "Prise  do  Tripoli  par  les 
Francs,"  &c. 
21ft     1848.    AntoniDua,  Augastus. — Itlnerarium  A.  AugusU,  ed.  Q.  Forthey 
"    ■■        '  "        '  0  Appendix  to  Shaw.     No.  96. 

a  the  Pasha  of  Tripoli  for  the  3^ 


and  M,  Piuder.     Berlin;  8vo, — See  nlso 


^ 


217.    1848.    Orden  of  the  Grand  Vizier  t< 

pression  of  the  Slave  trade.    Hertslet's  Treaties 
2ia    1848.    Viairial  Letter  to  the  Pasha  of  Tripoli  prohibiting  the  Slave  I 
Herlslet's  Treaties,  vol.  xiii.  p.  83(i. 

219.  1B48.  .Bichardaon,  Jamea. — Travels  in  the  Great  Desert  of  Sahan^l 
the  years  184D-46,  containing  a  narrative  of  personal  adventures  during  a  tonf  c^ 
nine  months  through  the  desert,  amongat  the  Tonaricks  and  other  tribes  of 
Sabaron  peoples.  Including  a  description  of  the  oases  and  cities  of  Ghat, 
Ghadamea  and  Mourzouk.  London ;  2  vol,  8vo,  pp,  440,  482,  with  map  lod 
numerous  illustrations. 

Tho  author  started  from  Tripoli  and  returned  lo  the  coast  at  Mcarata,  hart 
made  a  journey  of  1600  miles. 

220.  1848.    MacCarthy,  O.— Voyage  dans  le    grand    dissert   de  Sabata  < 
1815-40  par  James  Itiehardson.     llev,  de  I'Orieut,  de  I'Alg.  et  des  Colon,  t,  3, 
pp.  127-13G. 

2SI.    1848.    Bourville,  J.  Vattier  de. — Lettre  &  M.  Letronne  snr  lea  premien 

rdsultata  de  son  voyage  k  Cyrine,     llev.  Arch,  t,  v.  p.  150. 
S2S.    1848.    lietronne,  J.  Ant.— Quelqucs  notes  snr  la  lettre  de  ii.  de  Bonrville 

relative  4  I'exploraiion  de  la  Cyrinaique.     liev.  Arch.  t.  v.  p.  279. 
223.    Deus  nouvelles  inscriptions  Grecques  de  la  Cyrfinalque 


thas^^l 
eTii^^H 
hara,^^^| 

Ghat. 

bart^^l 
ra  1^^ 


ue  veritable  c^^^J 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  TRIPOU  AND  THE  CTBENAICA.  583 

plaoement  de  Gjrdne.    1.  c  p.  482. — See  alao  Joarn.  des  Savants,  pp.  370-377. 
These  were  found  by  M.  Yattier  de  BoarviUe. 


1848.  Iienormanty  Ch. — ^Note  sur  un  Vase  Panath^nalque  rdcemment  d^ 
coayert  k  Bengazi,  lae  2L  I'Acad^mie  des  Inscr.  et  Bell.  Lett.  30  Juin.  Bev. 
Arch.  t.  y.  p.  230. 

226.  1849.  Fremel,  Fulgenoe,  French  Consul  at  Djedda.  M^moiie  sur  le 
Waday.    Ball  Soc.  G^ogr.  Paris,  3  ser.  1. 11.  pp.  6  to  14. 

This  paper  gives  much  valuable  and  original  information  on  the  conunerce 
between  Waday  and  the  seaports  of  Bengazi  and  Tripoli.  Corrections  and 
additions  to  this  memoir  were  published  io  the  following  volume ;  p.  356.  It  is 
continued  1.  c,  t.  xiii.  pp.  82,  341 ;  t  xiv.  pp.  153-315. 

220.  1849.  Barth,  H.— Wanderungen  durch  die  Kiistenl&nder  des  Mittelmeeies, 
AusgefUhrt  in  den  Jahren  1845-1847.    Berlin :  8vo. 

227.  1850.  Jomard. — Instructions  pour  le  voyage  de  M.  Frax  dans  le  Sahara 
Septentrional.    M^m.  de  Tlnst.  Acad.  Inscr.  et  Bell.  Lett,  t  xvL  pp.  54-68. 

At  p.  62  are  suggestions  relative  to  the  Cyrenaica,  &c, 

228.    Instructions  k  M.  Yattier  de  Bourville  pour  I'exploration  de  la  Cyr^- 

naique,  1.  c,  pp.  68-84. 

229.  1860.  Bourville,  M.  Vattier  de. — Rapport  sur  les  premiss  fouilles 
op^rtoi  2L  Benghazi.    1.  c,  p.  91. 

280.  1850.  Frax,  Lieut,  de  Vaiaseau. — B^gence  de  Tripoli.  Bev.  de  TOrient. 
de  I'Alg^rie  et  des  Colonies  (Bull,  do  la  Soc.  Orient,  in  succession  to  the  Bev.  de 
rOrient),  t.  vii.  pp.  257-280  et  seq. 

From  information  obtained  at  second  hand. 

281.  '  Carte  de  la  B6gence  de  Tripoli,  et  des  principales  routes  commerciales 
de  rint^rieur  de  I'Afrique.   Bull.  Soc.  G^gr.  Paris :  3  ser.  t.  xiv.  p.  81. 

288.  1850.  Biohardaon,  J. — Boutes  of  the  Sahanu  Itin^raires  daus  I'lnt^rieur 
du  Grand  D^rt  d*Afrique  par  .  .  .  Traduit  de  I'Anglais  par  M.  Albert-Mon- 
t^mont,  membre  de  la  Commission  Centrale.  (Extrait  du  rap|)ort  fait  au  Foreign 
Office  en  1845-46,  par  M.  Bichardson.)  Bull.  Soc.  Gdogr.  Paris,  3  ser.  t.  xiii. 
p.  73,  t.  xiv.  pp.  104-203,  380. 

284.  1850.  Testa,  £. — ^Aanteekcningen  wegens  de  Ycrkenning,  het  inkomen  en 
de  ankerplaats  van  de  Haven  van  Tripoli  in  Barbarye  en  de  winden  en  stroomen, 
welke  aldaar  heerschen  volgens  plaatselijke  waamcmingen  verzameld.  Amster- 
dam :  8vOy  pp.  82. 

285.  1850.    Hoefbr,  Dr.  Fred.— £tats  Tripolitains.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  128. 

Two  illustrations,  one  being  the  Quadrifrontal  Arch.    From  "L'Uuivers: 
Histoire  et  description  de  tons  les  peuples." 

28a  1850.  Orders  of  the  Grand  Vizier  to  the  Pasha  of  Tripoli  for  the 
repression  of  the  Slave  Trade.   Hcrtslet's  Treaties,  vol.  ix.  p.  739. 

287.  1851.  Amerioaii  Diplomacy  with  the  Barbery  powers.  Their  piracies 
and  aggressions.    Amer.  Whig  Rev.  new  ser.  vol.  ii.  (whole  coU.  xiii.)  pp.  27-33. 

288i  1852.  Cherboxmeau. — Voyage  du  Cheikh  Ibn-Batuta  k  travers  TAfrique 
Septentrionale  au  commencement  du  xrv*  Si^le.  Tird  de  I'original  Arabe  et 
aocompagn^  de  Notes.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  88.  Beprinted  from  Nouv.  Ann.  des 
Voy.     An  abstract  of  Ibn  Batuta*s  great  work  q.  v. 


584 


I  tllBLlOGRAPHY  OF  TRIPOLI  AKD  THE  CTKENAICA. 


S38.  1853.  Ibn  Batuta,  Voyages  d'.— Texte  arabe,  nccotupagni  d'une  traduction 
jjnr  C,  DelWmery  et  la  Dr.  B.  B.  Sanguinetti.  Paris:  1  vol.  8to,  published 
by  the  Socldt^  Aaialique. 

Vol.  i.  p.  26.     The  author  arrives  at  Tripoli  on  his  outward  jouroey. 

240.  1853.  BoufiBeau,  Alphonse,— Voyage  du  Schcikh  Et-Tidjnni  dans  la 
Jligtaxce  de  Tuni^     (1300-1300.)     liev.  Asiat.  ser.  v.  t.  i.  p.  102. 

This  portion  of  the  work  contains  a  history  of  Tripoli.     See  page  141. 

341.  1863.  Sumner,  Charleo.— "White  Slavery  in  the  Barbary  States.  London : 
8vo,  pp.  135. 

This  contains  a  notice  of  the  American  war  with  Tripoli,     llie  first  edition 
wa«  publUhed  in  the  U.S.  in  1847. 

342.  1853.  Bioliardson,  JamoB. — Narrative  of  a  Mimiun  to  Centnl  Abica 
jkTformcd  in  the  years  1850-51  under  the  orders  and  at  the  expense  of  H.M. 
Goveramtnt.  Edited  by  Bayle  S(.  John.  l«ndon :  2  vol.  Bvo,  pp.  343,  359, 
with  on  (line  map. 

RichardaoT)  started   from  Tripoli;    he  visited  Mourzouk,   Ghat,   Aghadez, 
Damerghou,  and  thence  East  to  TJngunitua,  six  days'  march  Irom  Kuka,  wbne 
he  died  on  the  4th  March,  1851. 
243.     1854.    Fetermanii,  Auguatua. — An  account  of  the  progress  ot  the  expedi- 
tion to  Central  Africa,  perfurmi'd  by  order  of  H.M.  Foreign  Ofhce,  under  Mesan. 
Richardson,  Barth,  Overweg  and  Voge),  in  the  years  1850-51-52-^3,  consiating  ot 
maps  end  illuslrations  with  dosGri[itivo  notes,  constructed  and  compiled  from 
private  materials,     liondon  :  folio,  pp.  14,  3  maps, 
944.    1854.     Smyth,  WiUiam  Henry,  liear-Admlral.— The  Mediterranean:  A 
Memoir,  Physical,  Historical  and  Nautical.     London  ;  8vo,  pp.  619. 

At  pp.  85-90  is  a  description  of  the  Coasts  of  the  Cyrenaica  and  TripolL 
24S.    1855.    Order  of  the  Forte  to  the  Pasha  of  Tripoli  for  prerentJng  the 
traffic  in  alavea  from  Tripoli  to  Candia.     Hertalet's  Treaties,  vol.  x.  p,  602, 

346.     Viierial  letter  on  the  same  subjecl.    I,  c,  vol.  xiii,  p.  837. 

347.  1855.  Dinomd,  I'AbM.— Coup  d'ceil  rapide  sur  les  infomations  obt^uet 
depuis  la  fin  du  xviii*  aitele  au  sujet  de  I'inlMenr  de  I'Alrique  Sepleatrionale. 
Orleans:  8vo. 

346.  1855.  Pltny.— Tlie  Natural  History  of  Pliny,  translated  by  Dostock  and 
Riley.     Bohn'a  Chuiical  Library,  London ;  8vo, 

In  Book  V.  is  an  account  of  the  Syrles  and  the  CyTonaica, 
249.    1855.    FelliBsier  de  Beynaud,  E. — La  R^nce  de  Tripoli.  Rev.  dcs  Deux 
Moiidea,  vol,  xii.  p.  1. 

An  excellent  account  of  the  Regency,  with  notices  of  the  variona  expedition* 
that  had  been  undertaken  in  and  from  it. 
flea  1855.  Vogel,  Dr.  Eduard.— Reise  nach  Central-Afrika.  Enit*r  Ab- 
schnitt ;  Reise  von  Tripoli  (Diiroh  Tripolilanien,  Peasan,  Das  land  der  Teda)  hi* 
znm  Taad-aee,  Mars  1853 — Januar  1854.  Nach  den  Original.  Docu  men  ten,  vom 
Herauf^eber.  Pctermann,  Gei^r.  Mitth,  pp.  237-259,  with  map  (thai  of  Richaid* 
son,  Barth,  0\-erw(^  and  Vugel). 

SBl.  1855.  BarUi,  Dr.  Heinrlcli.— Roisen  und  Entdcckungen  in  Nord-  and 
Central-Afrika,  in  doa  Jahren  1850-1851-1852, 1853, 1854  und  1855.  Hit  Kmitco 
und  Hoksclmiltcu,  Petermauu,  Geogr.  Mitth.  pp.  . 
pp.  230,  2G7. 


i-310.— See  also  L  c. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  TRIPOU  AND  THE  CYRENAICA.  585 

252.  1856.  Beport  of  the  Governor  of  Tripoli  relative  to  the  prevention 
of  Slave  Trade.    Hertslet*8  Treaties,  vol.  x.  p.  1011. 

268.  1856.  Testa,  lie  Ch.  E.,  Datch  <:k)n8ul-aeneral  in  Tripoli.  Notice  Sta- 
tistique  et  Commerciale  sur  la  R^genoe  de  Tripoli  de  Barbarie.  La  Haye :  8vo, 
pp.  34. 

The  author  resided  10  years  in  Tripoli. 

254.  1856.  Malte-Brun,  V.  A. — Bi^sum^  Historique  de  la  grande  exploration 
de  I'Afrique  Centrale  faite  de  1850  4  1855,  par  J.  Richardson,  H.  Barth, 
A.  Overweg,  avec  une  carte  itin^raire.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  108. 

255.  1856.  Hamilton,  James. — ^Wanderings  in  North  Africa.  London :  8vo, 
pp.  320,  8  illustrations,  all  of  ruins,  &c  in  the  Gyrenaica. 

The  author  started  from  Bengazi,  visited  Gyrene,  Dema,  Ptolemeita,  Teucra, 
and  back  to  Bengazi ;  thence  eastwards  by  Angila  to  Jupiter  Ammon,  and  so  to 
Egypt. 

256.  1857.  Barth,  Dr.  Heinrioh. — ^Reisen  und  Entdeckungen  in  Nord-  und 
Central-Afrika  in  den  Jahren  1849  bis  1855,  von  H.  B.  Tagebuch  seiner  in  Auftrag 
der  Brittischen  Regierung  untemommenen  Reise.  Mit  Earten,  Holzschnitten, 
nnd  Bildem.    Gotha  :  8vo,  5  Bde. 

An  English  translation  of  this  work, '  Travels  and  Discoveries  in  North  and 
Central  Africa,  being  a  Journal  of  an  Expedition  undertaken  under  the  auspices 
of  H.M.  Government  in  the  years  1848-1855."  London :  8  vol.  8vo,  with 
many  maps  and  illustrations. 

See  also  Pr^is  des  resultats  et  des  informations  obtenus  par  le  Dr.  B.  dans  ses 
Voyages  dans  I'interieur  de  TAfrique ;  analyse  du  V*.  vol.  et  resumd  g^n^ral  par 
TAbb^  Dinom^.    Nouv.  Ann.  des  Voy.  July,  1859. 

257.    Die  Imosch  ark  oder  Tuareg,  Volk  und  Land.    Peterm.  G«ogr. 

Mitth.  p.  239,  plate  11.— See  also  'Tour  de  Monde,'  1866,  p.  193  et  aeq. 

The  portions  of  Dr.  Barth's  work  treating  of  the  Tripolitaine  are  vol.  i. 
pp.  1-181  and  vol.  v.  pp.  441-453. 

258.  1857.  Mac6,  Ant.  P.  Iiaur. — ^Des  Yoyageurs  Modemes  dans  la  Gyr^naiqne 
et  le  Silphium  des  Anciens.    Paris  :  8vo. 

259.  1857.  Foumel*  Mar.  J6r.  H.,  Ing^nieur  des  Mines. — ifitude  sur  la 
conquSte  d'Afrique  par  les  Arabes :  et  recherches  sur  los  tribus  berbdres  qui  ont 
occupy  le  Magreb  central.    Paris :  4to,  pp.  165. 

260.    Les  Berbers,  ^tude  sur  la  conquete  de  I'Afrique  paries  Arabes,  d^pr^ 

les  teztes  imprim^.    Paris  :  n.  d.,  4to. 

Both  works  of  considerable  importance. 

261.  1857.  Een  dag  te  Tripoli. — Fragment  nit  dagboek  van  een  zee-officier. 
Amsterdam,  8vo,  pp.  423. 

262.  1857.  Orenz,  EI.— Die  Entdeckungsreisen  in  Nord-  und  Mittel-Afrika  von 
Richardson,  Overweg,  Bartb,  und  Yogcl.    Leipzig :  with  map. 

268.    1858.    Gk>tt8chick,  A.  F.,  Director  des  Konigl.  Piidagogiums  zu  Putbus. — 
Geschichte  der  Griindung  und  Bliithe  des  hellenischen  Staates  in  Kyrenaika. 
Leipzig :  8vo,  pp.  40. 
264L    1858.    TripolL — Sharpe's  London  Mag.,  new  ser.  vol.  xiii.  pp.  84-87. 

An  account  of  the  Regency  and  the  various  explorations  that  had  been 
made  in  it. 
265.    1858.    Vizirial  Iietter  to  the  Pasha  of  Tripoli  prohibiting  the  Slave  Trade. 
Hertslet's  Treaties,  vol.  xiii.  p.  837. 


586  A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  TRIPOU  AND  THE  CYBENAICA. 

260.  1858-60.  Bawlinson,  George,  assisted  by  Sir  Henry  Bawlineon  and 
Sir  J.  G.  G.  Wilkinson. — The  History  of  Herodotus.  A  new  English  venioii, 
with  copious  notes  and  appendices.    London :  8yo,  4  vols. 

References  to  Barca;  ii.  483,  iii.  138, 179.    Cyrene,  iiL  134, 135, 149, 171. 
Syrtes,  iii.  148.    Oea,  iii.  291. 

Copious  notes,  with  illustrations,  regarding  the  Gyrenaica  at  vol.  iii.  p.  132. 

267.  1859.  M-Bekri.  Description  de  TAfrique  Septentrionale,  traduit  par  Mao 
Guokin  de  Blane.    Paris :  8yo,  pp.  432. 

A  description  of  Tripoli  and  the  Cyrenaica,  from  p.  11  to  p.  44. 

268.  1859.  Berbrogger,  A. — ^Domination  Romaine  dans  le  Sud  de  FAfrique 
Septentrionale — Tripolitaine,  d'apr^  le  Dr.  Barth.  Rev.  Afr.  voL  iii.  pp. 
379-390. 

269.  1859.  Sohauenberg,  Dr.  Ed. — Reisen  in  Gentral-Afrika.  Zweiter  Band. 
I.  Richardson,  H.  Barth,  Ad.  Overweg,  E.  Vogel.  Lahr:  8vo,  pp.  566,  with  a 
map  of  all  the  expeditions  starting  southward  from  Tripoli. 

270.  1860.  Headley,  J.  T.^Eaton's  Barhary  Expedition.  Harp.  New  Month. 
Maga.  vol.  xxi.  pp.  496-511. 

A  very  full  account  of  this  remarkahle  enterprise. 

271.  1860.  Duveyrier,  Henri — Notes  sur  la  r^gence  de  TripolL  Bev.  Alg.  et 
Colon.  December. 

The  author  says  of  this  that  it  was  a ''  simple  lettre  qui  n'^tait  pas  deetio^ 
k  I'impression." 

272.  1860.  Heine,  Wilhelm.— Eine  Sommerveise  nach  Tripolis.  Berlin: 
12mo,  pp.  322. 

278.  1860.  Muller,  Ii. — Numismatique  de  TAncienne  Afrique— ouvrage  pr^par^ 
et  commence  par  C.  T.  Falbe  et  J.  Chr.  laindberg.  Refait^  achev6  et  public  par 
L.  Miiller.    Copenhague :  3  vol.  4to,  and  supplement. 

Vol.  i. — ^Les  Monnaies  de  la  Cyr^nalque.    pp.  xiL  174. 
Vol.  ii. — ^Les  Monnaies  de  la  Syrtique,  de  la  Byzaodne  et  la  Zengitane.    pp. 
viii.  188. 

Vol.  viii. — ^Les  Monnaies  de  la  Numidie  et  de  la  Mauritanie.    pp.  vi.  194. 
Supplement.    Additional  coins  from  all  these  regions,    pp.  iv.  96. 
All  profusely  illustrated.    A  standard  work. 

274.  1861.    Bl-Ya'goubL--Descriptio  al  Biaghribi.    Leyden :  Arab-Latin,  8to. 

275.  ' Specimen  e  literis  orientalibus  exhibens  Eitabr  1-Boldan,  sive  libram 

Regionum  auctore  Ahmed  ibn  Abi  Taqub,  noto  nomine  Al-Taqubi  quern  auspice 
viro  clarissimo  T.  G.  J.  JuynboU  nunc  primum  Arabice  edidit  AbramuB 
Wilhelmus  T.  JuynboU.    Lugduni-Batavorum :  8vo,  pp.  154. 

276.  1861.    KrafPt-Krafltshagen,     Alexander    Freiherm     von    (Hadji 

Scander). — Tripolis  und  die  Stadte  der  kleinen  Syrte.  Peterm.  Greogr.  Mitth. 
pp.  199. 

277.    Promenades  dans  la  Tripolitaine,  1860.    Tour  de  Monde,  vol.  iiL 

pp.  66-80,  with  map  and  numerous  illustrations. 

The  author  travelled  as  a  Mohammedan  pilgrim. 

278.    Les  Villes  de  la  Tripolitaine.    Rev.  Arch.  Paris,  Nouv.  S^r.,  vol.  iv. 

pp.  29. 

279.  1861.  Vivien  de  Saint-Martin.— Sur  les  anciens  cit^s  de  la  Tripolitaine. 
Lue  h,  TAcaddmie  des  Inscriptions  et  Belles-Lettres  dans  la  Stance  du  13  Sep.  A 
review  of  Baron  de  Krafift's  paper  last  before  quoted,  and  his  communication  to  the 
Tour  de  Monde.    No.  67,  t  iii.  1861,  p.  66. 


A  BIBU0GRAPH7  OF  TRIPOU  AND  THB  C7RRNAICA.  587 

280.  1861.    IiavaL — ^Topographie    M^icale  de  la   ville  de   Dema,   ancienne 
Cyr^nalque.    Gaz.  M^  d'Orient.  Gonstantinoplei  t.  iv.  pp.  5-15. 

281.  1861.    Duveyrier,  Henzi. — Statutique  du  Djebel  Nefoiisa,  Montagnes  de 
la  B^ence  de  Tripoli.    Konv.  Ann.  des  Yoy.    August. 

288.    Relations  oommerciales  de  Ghadames  (R^genoe  de  Tripoli)  avec  le 

Soudan.    Ann.  du  Commerce  ext^rieur,  No.  1346.    June. 

Reisen  und  Forscbungen  im  Ghrenzgebiete  von  Algier,  Tunis  und 


Tripoli.    1860  (Nebst  einer  Originalkarte),  Peterm.  Geogr.  Mitth.  1861,  p.  389, 
map  13. 

284.  1862.  Beurmazm. — ^Brief  des  Herrn  Maritz  von  Beurmann  an  Herm  Dr. 
H.  Barth.  Murzuk  27ih  April  Zeitsch.  ftlr  Allgem.  Erdkimde,  vol  zili. 
pp.  44. 

286.    Brief  des  Herm  M.  von  Beurmann  an  Herm  Dr.  H.  Barth.    Ueber 

einem  Ausflug  in  das  Wadi  Scberki  und  seine  Abreise  nacb  Bomu.     (Hiensu  eine 
Karte  Taf.  iv.)    1.  c,  pp.  347. 

Einige  Bemerkungen  von  Dr.  H.  Bartbe  zu  Herm  v.  Beurmann*s 


Eartenskizzen  aus  Fessan  und  Barka.    L  c,  pp.  352. 

287.  1862.  Orad,  Chaxles. — ^Edouard  Yogel,  et  son  exploration  de  I'AMque 
Centrale.    Bull.  Soc.  (Jeogr.  Paris,  p.  77. 

This  is  a  biographical  sketch  of  Vogel  from  his  birth  in  1829  till  his  murder 
in  1856,  based  on  his  letters  and  memoirs,  published  in  Peterman's  Mitth.  and 
in  the  Proceedings  of  the  R.G.S. 

288.  1862.  Vauz,  W.  8.  W. — An  account  of  the  recent  excavations  at  Cyrene 
by  Lt.  R.  M.  Smith  R.E.,  and  Lt.  Porcher,  R.N.  Proceed.  Soc.  Antiq.  Second 
Ser.  vol.  ii.  p.  96.    Also  Trans.  Roy.  Soc.  of  Liter.  voU  vii. 

288.  1862.  The  Cyrenian  Marbles.— Art  Journal,  New  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  20. 
An  account  of  the  antiquities  sent  home  by  Lieuts.  Smith  and  Porcher  to  the 
British  Museum. 

280.  1862.  Beade,  Vioe-ConsiQ.— Report  on  the  trade  of  Tripoli  for  1861. 
Consular  Gomm.  Reports,  1862,  p.  336. 

201.  1862.  Aquilina,  Vice -00118X11.— -Report  on  the  trade  of  Bengasi  for  1861. 
1.  c.  p.  339. 

282.    1862.    De  Tremaux,  Vioe-ConsuL — Report  on  the  trade  of  Dema  for 

1861.  1.  c.  p.  341. 

288.  1862.  Vivien  de  Saint-Martin.— -Ueber  die  Lage  der  alten  St^dte  von 
Tripolitanien.  Vortrag,  gehalten  am  13  Sep.  1861  in  der  Academic  des  Inscrip- 
tions et  Belles-Lettres.    Peterm.  Geogr.  Mitth.  p.  11,  plate  3. 

284.  1862.  Tauxier,  H. — Examen  des  traditions  grecques,  latines  et  musul- 
manes,  relatives  k  I'origine  du  peuple  berbdre,    L  c,  pp.  353  et  seq, 

A  r^mme  of  this,  under  the  title  '  ifitudes  sur  les  Migrations  des  nations 
berbdres,'  is  given  in  the  Journal  Asiat.,  Oct.,  pp.  340-54.  The  writer  takes  as 
his  point  of  departure  the  distribution  of  Berber  tribes  at  the  time  of  the  Arab 
invasion,  and  the  base  of  his  investigations  is  of  course  the  celebrated  work  of 
Ibn  Khaldoun. 

286.  1863.  Beade,  Vioe-ConsuL^Report  on  the  trade  of  Bengasi  for  1862. 
Ck>nsular  Comm.  Reports,  p.  439. 

287.  1863.    I>e  Tremaux,  Vioe-ConsnL-^Report  on  the  trade  of  Dema  for 

1862.  1.  c,  p.  440. 


583  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CYRENAICA. 

288.    1863.    Herman,  Cotisul-OeneraL — Ileport  on  the  trade  of  Tripoli  tar 

1862.     1.  c.  p.  Ul. 
399.     1863.    OujTB,  Charles  lidouard,  imclen  coonil.— Notice  but  leg  11m  de 
Bomba,  ct  Flute,  Ic  Gulfc  dc  Borabn  et   aes  environs  avec  U  relation   d'ou 
royoge  sur  h  cCto  de  I'est  et  cells  de  I'ouest  de  la  lUgence  Tripolitaine.     M&r- 
seille  :  8vo,  pp.  56. 
800.    1863.    Qrod,    Charlea. — Lea    Expeditions  Allemandea    tk    la    techercbe 

d'Edouard  Vogel.     Nouv.  Ann.  des  Voy.,  May  and  June. 
SOI.     1863.    Tauxier,  H.— Ethnographie  de  I'Afrique  BeptentrionBle  »u  t«mps  de 

Mftbojuet.    Kev.  ATr.  to!,  vii.  p.  453. 
SOa.     1863.    DUTeyrier,  Henri. — Les  Touireg  dn  Nord,    Faris :  8vo.,  pp.  xxsiv. 
4S9,  and  Supp.  pp.  37,  Miip  and  xxv.  Plates. 

A  very  important  work  for  which  the  Geographical  Society  ot  Paris  awarded 

ils  Gold  Medal.     M.  Dttveyrier  started  from  Conatanline  in  1859,  prooceded  to 

the  country  of  the  Beni  M'Zub,  thance  lo  E!  Golca  and  other  parta  of  the 

Algerian  Soliarn.     He  BuhBequHully  eiplored  tho  Tunisian  Saliarft,  Qhadamea, 

Rhat,  Mouriouk,  and  Zouila,  ri-aphing  Tripoli  by  the  long  route  of  the  Sokna. 

The  journey  lasted  during  three  years.     In  a  first  appendix  the  antbor  treats  of 

the  ancient  geography  of  the  country.    In  a  separate  appendix,  M.  Boiirguignat 

deacribcB  the  MoUusca  observed,  with  3  plates,  and  M.  Cosson  the  new  plants, 

3  plates. 

308.    1863.    Amari.— IDiplominraVi  delrealoarohivioFiorentino.  FirenBe:4t«. 

nds  valuable  work  contains,  amongst  others,  41  documeata  connected  with 

Florentine  relations  with  Tripoli  and  the  other  Barbaiy  States. 

304.    1863.    Hisslon  de  GliadamfiB. — Septembre,  Octobre,  Novembre,  et  D«- 

oembre,  1862.     Kapporls  officiels  el  documents  i  I'appui.     Alger :  8vo,  pp.  358, 

with  numeroas  illustrations. 

This  mission  was  sent  by  the  GoTernor-Qeueral  of  Algeria,  and  was  com- 
manded by  Colonel  MLrcber.  With  him  were  aasociatcd  Capitaino  de 
Polignac,  ringfinieur  Vji  tonne,  I'Aidc-Major  Hoffman  and  the  Int«rpretor  Ismael 
bou  Derba.  Ita  object  was  to  open  commercial  relations  with  the  great  markets 
of  the  Soudan.  It  went  by  sea  to  Tripoli,  and  thence  to  Ghadam^  by  EUOued. 
See  also  Rev.  des  deui  Jtondeand  Bull.  Soc.  G£ogr,  Paris,  2'  Sera.  p.  405, 

306.  1663.  Tivien  de  Satnt-Hartin.— Le  Nord  de  I'Afrique  dans  I'antiqulid 
Grecqne  et  Romaine,  ^tude  Histurique  et  Gdographique.  Ouvrage  conronaj  en 
1860  par  I'Acad^mie  des  Inscription  ct  Bcllee-Lettrefi.  With  4  tiiapa.  Paris: 
SVD,  pp.  3X.  519. 

Section  ii.  L'Afriqiie  d'H^rodote,   Art.   ii.   a.  3.     Les  tribua  de  U  ri^oa 
litlorale  dopuis  la  frontifire  d'Egypte  jusiju'i  I'cntrtfp  du  territoire  Carthaginois. 
— See  also  Petermann,  Geogr.  Milth.  1S02,  p.  11 ;  Jour,  des  Sav,  p.  398. 
806.    1863.    Fetermann,  A.,  und  B.  Haasenstein, — Inner-Afrika,  nach  dem 
Stande  der  Geographischon  EentnieE  in  den  Jabrcn  1861  bis  1663.    Gotha:  4to, 
pp.  164,  with  10  sections  of  their  great  map  of  Africa. 
The  first  only  refers  to  Fezzan. 

307.  1864.  BouBseau,  Alphonse,  Consul  do  France.— A nnalea  Tuniaennea. 
ilger:  8vo,  pp.  571. 

At  p.  88  is  an  allusion  to  the  siege  of  Tripoli  by  the  Tunisians,  and  to  the 
plague  of  1708. 
see.    1864.    Se  Champloula,  M.  ITau,  Capiiaine  an  Corps  Inip^rial  dl^Ut- 
najor. — Notice  eiir  In  carlo  de  I'Afrique  sous  la  domination  des  flomains,  drt»^ 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CYRENAICA.  589 

nu  Ddp6t  de  la  Guerre  d'apr^  lea  travauz  de  IC  Fr.  Iiacroix,  par  ordre  do 
S.E.  le  Marshal  Comte  Raudon,  Min.  de  la  Guerre.     Paris :  4 to,  pp.  4G. 

The  map  ia  question  is  ia  two  large  sheets  (2,000,000),  and  includes  tlie 

whole  district  between  the  Cyrenaica  and  the  Atlaritic.   See  also  L*Ann.  G<k)gr., 

t.  iii.  p.  110. 

8D9.  1804.  Mas  Iiatrle,  lie  Comte  L.  de. — L'Afriqiie  sous  la  domination  des 
Bomains.    Paris. 

310.  1864.  Bmitli,  Capt.  B.  Mordooh,  B.E.,  and  Commander  E.  A. 
Foroher,  B.N. — History  of  the  recent  discoveries  at  Gyrene,  made  during  an 
expedition  to  the  Cyrenaica  in  1860-1861,  under  the  auspices  of  U.M.  Govern- 
ment.   London  :  Imp.  4to,  pp.  98. 

Superbly  illustrated,  with  12  maps  and  plans,  22  plates  in  double-tinted 
litho;n%phy,  16  photographs,  10  plates  of  Greek  inscriptions,  and  26  woodcuts. 

811.  1864.  Beade,  Vioe-ConsuL — Report  on  the  trade  of  Bengasi  for  the  half- 
year  ending  30th  Nov.  1863.    Cons.  Comm.  Reports,  p.  407. 

812.    Do.  for  the  year  ending  3l8t  Dec.  1863.    1.  c,  p.  408. 

818.  1864.  De  Tremauz,  Vice-consul,  on  the  trade  of  Dema  for  1863. 
I.e.,  p.  410. 

814.  1864.  Herman,  Consul-Qeneral,  on  the  trade  of  Tripoli  for  1863. 
1.  c,  p.  411. 

816.  1864.    Sprenger,  Aloys. — Two  letters  from  Africa  regarding  the  murder  of 
Ed.  Vogel.    Zeitsch.  des  Morgenland  Gesellsch.  t.  xvii.  No.  2,  April. 

818.    On  the  death  of  Madlle.  Tinn^  and  the  botanist  H.  Schubet.    1.  c, 

August. 

817.  1864.  Grady  Charles. — Les  exp<Sditions  Allemandes  &  la  recherche 
VEdouard  Vogel  de  1861  k  1862 ;  d'Aprds  des  lettres  et  des  M^moires  originaux 
des  Membres  de  la  Mission.    Nouv.  Ann.  des  Voy.,  Novembre. 

818.  1864.  Fetermann,  A. — Neue  Karte  vom  Mittellandischen  Meer  u.  Nord- 
Afrika.     Peterm.  Geogr.  Mitth.  pp.  182, 191. 

819.  1865.  Bohlfii,  Qerhard.— Nachrichten  von  Gerhard  Rohlfs  aus  Tripoli. 
Petermann,  Geogr.  Meittb.,  p.  235. 

820.    Ausflug  von  Tripoli  nach  Lcbda.     I.  c,  p.  263. 

821.    Nachrichten  von  Gerhard  Rohlfs  aus  Rhadames.    1.  c,  p.  305. 

Tagebuch  seiner  Reise  durch  Marokko  nach  Tuat.  1864.    1.  Absch- 


nitt :  Reise  von  Tangerbis  Ued-Sidi-Hassan,  14  Marz  bis  9  Mai  1864.  1.  c,  p.  82, 
map  4.  2.  Abschnitt :  Reise  von  Uled-Sidi-Hassan  bis  Karsas  im  Ued  S:?aura, 
10  Mai  bis  25  Juli.  1.  c,  p.  165,  map  6.  3.  Abschnitt :  Reise  von  Karsas  im  Ued 
Ssaura  nach  ain  Salah,  29  Juli  bis  17  September,  und  allgemeine  Beschrcibung 
von  Tuat.    1.  c,  p.  402,  map  14,  and  1886,  p.  119. 

828.    1865.   Frimaudaie,  £lie  de  la. — Le  littoral  de  la  Tripolitaine  :  Commerce, 
navigation,  g^graphie  comparee.     Paris :  8vo,  pp.  200,  with  map. 

From  Nouv.  Aunales  des  Voyages,  July,  August,  and  September. 

824.  1865.    Walker,  Acting  Cons.  Qen. — Report  on  the  trade  of  Tripoli  for 
1864.    Cons.  Comm.  Rep.,  p.  125. 

825.  1865.    Dennis,  Vice-Consul. — Report  on  the  trade  of  Bengazi  for  1864, 
1.  c,  p.  660.     A  full  and  excellent  report. 

VOL.   II.  2   Q 


590 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHT  Of  TRIPOLI  AXU  THE  CVBESAICA. 


336.  ISGG.  Maa  Latrie,  Comte  Ii.  de,  Cherde  Section  flux  Archives, 
de  Pais  et  de  Commerce  et  dociimenta  divers  coDcernaot  lea  relnlions  Hes 
avcc  les  Arabes  <ie  TAfrique  Seplentrionale  au  moyen  flge.  Paris :  4lo, 
342  +  402  +  118. 

A  work  of  tliB  bighest  valuo.  It  oontains — 1.  A  preface ;  2.  A  bistorieal 
intrdductioQ ;  3.  DocunientH  regarding  Christian  relations  with  the  Ar&bs; 
4.  Supplementary  documents. 

337.  1866,     Barth,    H.  —  Snmmlung    und    Bearbcitung    Central- A rriksni 
Vokabularien,    3  Abth.     Nonnworter.     4to,  pp.  143-295. 

32a     1860.    HoMfc,  Gerhard.— NouPBto  Briefs  von  G.  R.  imd  Riickblick 

seine  biaberigen  Reiaen  in  Afrika  in  don  Jahreu  1861  bis  1865,     Peterra. 

Mitth.  p.  3,  plate  2. 

sae.    Tagsbucb  seiner  Heise  von  Tnat  naob  Rhadames,  18C*.    1.  c^  p. 

S80:     NachricLten  von  Gerhard  Roblfs  BUS  Motsiik.     I.e.,  pp.  118-22i 

381.    Briefe  von  G.  R.  aus  Bilma,  Msi  and  Juni  1866.    1.  c-,pp.  366-368. 

83S.    Account  of  a  Journey  across  the  Atlas  lilountaina  and  through  lh« 

Oasea  Tuat  and  Tidikelt   to  Tripoli  by  way  of  GbadamoB  in   the  jMir  II 

Proc,  R.  Geogr,  Soc,  Lond.,  vol.  is.  No.  vi.  pp.  312-314. 

388.     IBGG.    HaBBenBteln,  B.— Mernolre  zur  Knrte  von  G.  Hohlfa  Rei*«  ii 

die  Oasen  von  Tuat  und  Tidikelt,  18G4.     Nebst  Bcricht  Uber  Major  LuDg't 
1825  und  Duveyrier's  Erkundigungen  in  Nord-Africa.     Pelerm.  G6ogr.  Mittb. 
p.  53.    For  the  map  in  question  see  1.  c.  1865,  No,  14. 

834.     1866.     Kunth,  A Ueber  die  Ton  Qorhard  Roblfa  anf  Reise  von  Tripoli 

Ghadanies  im  M;ii  und  Juni  1865,  gefundenen  Versteinernnuen.     ZeitBchr.i 
Gesell,  fiir  Enlk.  zu  Berlin,  heft  n:  pp.  318-323,  wilh  map. 


1  th«  I 


Ihe  trade  of  Bengnei  for  181 
the  tradsd 


386.  1866.    Deimis,  Vice-Coneul. — Report  ( 
Cons.  Comm.  Reports,  p.  501. 

886.    1866.     Drtumnond  Hay,  Cona-Gen,  Frank.— Report  o 
Tripoli  for  1865.     1.  c,  p.  497. 

387.  1867.    Bohlft,  Gflrhord.— Uebersicht  von  G.  R.  Reiae  durch  Afrika,  U 
bis  1867.     Pctcrm.  Geogr.  Mitth.  p.  372,  map  13. 

838.     Reiae  durcliMttrokko.UebenteigungdcsGroseen  Atlas.    Esplor 

der  Oasea  von  ToBlet,  Tuat  und  Tidikelt  und  Heiec  dnrch  die  Grosse  Wibte  fl 
Khadames  nacb  Tripoli.     Bremen :  8vo,  pp,  207,  with  map, 

839.    Hcsumi^  de  Voyage  do  Gerhard  R.  Je  Tri]X)li  ik  Lagos,  d'Apr^  H 

Mittb.  du  Dr.  Petermann,  lib.  s.  p.  372,  1867.     Bull.  Soc.  G^ogr.  PftriB,  5*  ser. 
t.  14,  p.  395. 

340.    1867.     Drutnmond-Hay,  ConB.-Osn.  Frank. — Report  on  the  trada  tf 

Tripoli  for  1866.    Cons.  Comm.  Reports,  part  i.  p.  134,  and  part  ii.  p.  110. 
841.    1867.    Dennis,  Vioo-CononL^Report  on  the  trade  of  B«Dg*):i  for  18| 

1.  c,  partii.  p.  113. 
34S.    1868.     Brine,  Lindeaay,  Commander  R.N. — On  the  past  and  j 

inhabitants  of  the  Cjrenaica,     88th  Meeting  of  Brit,  Ass.  Noni-ich.     Notices  d 

Abstracts,  p.  181. 

'  't  to  that  part  of  the  coast  belv 


bi. 


A  short  abstract  of  the  author's  \ 
Berenice  and  tiio  Egypiian  frontier  in  1 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OK  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CYRENAICA.  591 

848.  1868.  Bohlft,  Oephard,— Reise  durch  Nord-Afrika  vom  Mittellandischen 
Meere  bis  znm  Buscn  voa  Guinea,  1866-1867.  1.  Halfte;  ron  Tripoli  nach  Kuka 
(Fesan,  Sahai-a,  Bomu).    Gotha :  4to,  pp.  75,  2  maps. 

344.    1868.    BeiQ^.— D^uvertes  k  Cjrhne.    Journ.  des  Savants,  pp.  273-291. 
A  review  of  Smith  and  Porcher'a  work. 

845.  1869.  Drummond-Hay,  Cona-Gen.  Frank.— Report  on  the  trade  of 
Tripoli  for  1868.    Cons.  CJomm.  Reports,  p.  525. 

84a  1869.  Visdrial  Iiotter  to  the  Governor  General  of  Tripoli  relative  to  the 
prohibition  of  the  Slave  Trade.    Hertslet's  Treaties,  vol.  xiii.  p.  837. 

847.  1869.  Chaunebot,  A.  Empire  Ottoman.  Esqnisse  d'un  projct  de  Coloni* 
sation  de  la  Cyr^naTqne.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  43. 

846L    1869.    Bompois,  Ferdinand. — M^ailles  Grecqnes   autonomes   frappdes 
dans  la  Gyr^naique.    Notice  accompagnde  d'explications  nouvelles  sur  diffi^rents 
points  de  numismatique  et  d*antiquit^.    Paris :  8vo,  pp.  123,  pi.  3. 
Published  at  the  office  of  the  Revoe  Numismatique. 

848.  1869.  Bohlft,  Qerhard. — Leptis  Magna.  Sabratha.  Das  Ausland,  No. 
20,  pp.  473-i77 ;  No.  22,  pp.  522-526. 

860.    Rapport  sur  le  Voyage  de  Bengasi  k  TOasis  de  Jupiter-Aramon,  par 

les  Oasis  d'Audjila  et  Djalo.    Bull.  Soc.  G^ogr.  Paris,  June,  pp.  465-471. 

851.    Berenice,  Die  Hesperiden-Garteu  und  der  Letha-Fluss.    Die  Jupiter- 

Ammons-Oase.    Das  Ausland,  No.  41,  pp.  969-371;  No.  42,  pp.  985-989;  No. 
43,  pp.  347-352. 

852.    Bengasi.    1.  c,  No.  40,  pp.  947-952. 

868.    Audjila  und  Djalo.    1.  c,  No.  49,  pp.  1153-1158. 

854.  1869.  Cyr^ne. — Article  in  Larousse,  Grand  Diet.  Univ.  da  xix*  Si^le,  t.  v. 
p.  731. 

866.  1869.  Eanitz,  A. — Auszug  aus  Plantae  Tinneanae.  Yiudobonae:  1867. 
Text  mit  NachtrSgen.    Berlin :  8vo. 

866.  1869.  Belin,  M.  Bibliographie  Ottomane.  Journ.  Asiat.,  ser.  vi.  t.  xiv. 
p.  71. 

Amongst  works  published  at  Constantinople  is  the  following : — 

Ji^'Xi       ^'^fi     0^9^T^*  Histoire  de    TripoUo  de    Barbarie. 

Mehemmed  Behidjeddin  efendi,  great-grandson  of  the  Cheikh  el-Islam  Aftchir 
efeudi,  who  had  translated  into  Turkish  the  Arabic  history  of  AbouAbd-Allah 
Mohammed  ibn  Khalil  Ghalboun  Tarabloucy. 

867.  1870.  Bohlfis^  Gerhard. — Land  und  Volk  in  Afrika.  Bericht  aus  den 
Jahren  1865  bis  1870.     Bremen :  8vo,  pp.  240. 

868.    Zur  Karte  von  Cyreuaica.    Mit  1  Karte.    Zcitsch.  dor  Gesell.  fur 

Erdk.  zu  Berlin.     5  Bund.  4  Heft.  pp.  370. 

869.  1870.  Nachtigal,  Dr.  —  Relation  de  la  mort  de  Mademoiselle  Abxina 
Tinn^,  et  voyage  au  Tibesti.  Lettre  k  M.  Henri  Duveyrier ;  dated  Mourzouk, 
2nd  Dec.  1869.    Bull.  Soc.  Gdogr.  Paris,  5  s6r.  t.  xix.  p.  89. 

Dr.  Nachtigal  and  Mademoiselle  Tinn6  left  Mourzouk  together,  the  former 
for  Bournou,  the  latter  for  Tibesti.  She  was  killed,  and  her  caravan  pillaged 
by  the  Touaregp,  no  doubt  from  cupidity.  This  letter  is  followed  by  observa- 
tions by  M.  H.  Duvevrier,  and  by  an  account  of  Nachtigal's  journey  to  Tibesti. 

2  Q  2 


592  A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CYRENAICA. 

SeO.     1870.    Nachtigal,  Dr.— Reise  Dr.  G.  N 'a  nach  Tibesti  aiis  brieflicben 

Mittbeilungen.     Schreiben   Dr.  N 's   an   Dr.  A.  Bastian.     Mit    1  Earte. 

Zeitscbr.  Gesell.  fiir  Erdk.  zu  Berlin.    5  Bd.  1  Heft,  pp.  69-75. 

861.    Briefo  des  Herm  Dr. an  Herm  Dr.  A.  Bastian.    L  c,  3  Heft. 

pp.  266-269. 

862. Die  Tibbu.    Ethnograpbiscbe  Skizze.    L  c,  5  Bd.  pp.  216-242. 

868.  1870.  Zuroher  et  MargoUe,  MM.— Mademoiselle  Tinn^,  1861-69.  Le 
Tour  du  Monde,  No.  566,  pp.  289-304. 

A  Biograpby  of  Mademoiselle  Tinnd,  and  an  acconnt  of  ber  murder  near 
Mourzouk. 

864.  1870.  Segni,  P.  Philippe  da.— Viaggio  da  Tripoli  di  Barbaria  al  Bomou 
nel  1850.    Boll,  della  Soc.  Geogr.  ital.,  Fasc.  4,  pp.  137-150. 

865.  1870.    Wiet,  E.— La  Tripolitaine.    Bull.  Soc.  G^gr.  Paris,  July  to  Dec., 

5  ser.  t.  XX.  pp.  175-193. 

Communicated  by  tbe  Minist^re  des  Affaires  l^trang^res.    This  includes  an 
account  of  Bengazi,  Tolemeita,  Derna,  Bomba  and  Tobrouk. 

866.  1870.  Dennis,  Qeorge> — On  recent  excavations  in  tbe  Greek  Cemeteries 
of  the  Cyrenaica.  Trans.  Royal  Soc  of  Lit.,  2  ser.  vol.  ix.  pp.  135-182,  with 
4  illustrations. 

A  valuable  paper,  though  tbe  author  describes  bis  experience  as  "a  tale 
of  fruitless  labours  and  repeated  disappointments.** 

867.  1870.  Maltzan,  Heinrich,  Freiherm  von. — ^Reise  in  den  Begentscbaften 
Tunis  und  Tripolis.  Nebst  einem  An  hang:  Ueber  die  neuentdeckten  pboni- 
cischen  Inschriften  von  Earthago.  Mit  Titelkupfcr,  Plan  von  Tunis  und  59 
lithographirten  Inschriften.    Leipzig :  8vo,  3  vol.  pp.  404,  436,  386. 

The  third  volume  is  devoted  to  Tripoli. 

868.  1871.  Die  Wehrkraft  des  Osmanischen  Reiches  \md  seiner  Vasallen- 
Staaten  Egyptcn,  Tunis  und  Tripolis.     Wien:  8vo,  j^p.  107. 

869.  1871.  Bohlfls,  Gerard,  von  Tripolis  nach  Alexandrien.— Beschreibung 
der  im  Auftrage  Sr.  Majestiit  des  Konigs  von  Preussen  in  den  Jahrcn  1868- 
und  1869  Ausgefiihrten  Rcise.  Bremen :  8vo,  2  vol.  Maps,  plates  and  photo- 
graphs. 

870.  1871.  Nachtigal,  Dr.— -Ankunft  in  Kuka  und  die  Uebergabe  der  Prens- 
sischon  Geschenke  an  den  Sultan  von  Bornu.     Peterm.  Geogr.  Mitth.  p.  67. 

871.  Neaeste  Nachrichten  von  Dr.  N.  in  Kuka  (bis  Januar  1871).  Ethno- 
graphic von  Wadai.     1.  c,  p.  327. 

872. Notizen  iiber  Reise  von  Murzuk  nach  Kuka,  18  April  bis  6  Juli 

1870.    1.  c,  p.  450. 

878.     Briefe  aus  Nord-Central-Afrika.  Zeitsch.  der  Ges.  fiir  Erdk.  zu  Berlin. 

6  Bd.  Heft.  8,  pp.  130-150. 

874.    Brief  dts  Dr. aus  Bornu.    Das  Ausl.  Nr.  20,  p.  475. 

875.     Brief  des  Herm  Dr. an  die  Redaktion.    Zeitsch.  der  Ges.  fur 

Erdk.  zu  Berlin.     6  Bd.  4  Heft.  pp.  334-345. 

876.    Uebersicht  iiber  die  Gcschichte  Walai'i?.      1.  c.  6  Bd.  4  Heft,  vv 

345-366.  *  ^ ' 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CYRENAICA.  693 

877.    1871.    Dnunmond-Hay,  ConcL-Oen.  P.  B.— Report    on   the  trade  of 
Tripoli  for  1869.    Cons.  Comm.  Rep.  pt.  i.  p.  295. 

87a    do.  for  1870.    1.  c,  pt.  iL  p.  1065. 

879.    Report  on  the  condition  of  the  ludustrial  Classes  in  the  Regency  of 

Tripoli.  Rep.  from  H.M.  Diplom.  and  Cons.  OflScers,  pp.  709. 

880.  1871.    Henderson,  Vioe-ConsuL — Beport  on  the  trade  of  Bengazi  for 
1870-71.    Cons.  Comm.  Rep.  pt.  ii.  pp.  1068. 

881.  1873.    Cosson,  E. — Descriptio  plantarum  novarum  in  Cyrenaico  a  0.  Rohlfs 
detectarum.    Paris:  8 vo,  pp.  11. 

From  Bull  de  la  Soc.  botan.  de  France,  F^v.  1872,  t.  xix.  p.  80. 

882.  1873.    Hal^vy,    Jos. — Les    inscriptions  libyques.    Article  in  '  I'Ath^D^e 
Oriental.'    Paris,  1873. 

888.    1873.    Beul^,  M. — Fouilles  et  d^uvertes,  r^iumdes  et  discut^  en  vue  de 
rhistoirede  Tart.    Paris :  2  vol  8vo,  pp.  430-456. 

Vol.  ii.  p.  59— Les  Ruines  de  Cyrdne.  Chap.  i.  p.  64 — Histoire  de  CyrSne 
— Ses  Ruines.  Chap.  iL  p.  73— Les  Temples  de  Bacchus  et  d'ApoUon.  Chap. 
iiL  p.  80 — Temples  voisins  du  Stade ;  p.  90 — Le  Vase  de  Berenice. 

884.    1873.    Drummond-Hay,  Con.-Qen.  P.  R.— Report  on  the  trade  of  Tri- 
poli for  1871.    Cons.  Comm.  Rep.  pt  iL  p.  1328. 

Report  on  TripolL    1.  c,  pt.  iii.  p.  657. 


886.    Report  on  the  trade  of  Tripoli  for  1872.    1.  c.  p.  1077. 

887.  1873.  Henderson,  Vice-ConsuL — Report  on  the  trade  of  Bengazi  for 
1872.    1.  c.  p.  lOSl. 

888.  1873.  Protocol  signed  by  the  Plenipotentiaries  of  Great  Britain  and 
Turkey,  respecting  Consular  Jurisiiction  in  Tripoli.  Hertslet's  Treaties,  vol.  xiv. 
p.  540. 

888.  1873.  Dournauz-Dup^r^,  Norbert. — La  role  de  la  France  dans  TAfrique 
Septentrionale  et  la  Voyage  ^  Timbouktou.  BulL  Soc.  G^ogr.  Paris,  6"*  ser.  t.  vi. 
p.  607. 

The  author  gives  a  sketch  of  all  that  has  been  done  for  the  exploration  of 
the  south,  both  in  Algeria,  Tripoli  and  Morocco;  written  as  a  preliminary 
study  for  his  projected  journey  in  the  Sahara  of  Algeria,  where  he  was  killed 
in  the  following  year. 

890.  1874.  Drummond-Hay,  Cons.-Qen.  Frank. — Report  on  the  trade  of 
Tripoli  for  1872.    Cons.  Comm.  Rep.  part  ii.  p.  1077. 

891.  1874  Henderson,  Vice-ConsuL — Report  on  the  trade  of  Bengazi  for 
1872.    1.  c,  p.  1080. 

898.  1874.  Ifouis-Salvador,  Archduke. — Yacht-Reise  in  den  Syrten.  1873. 
Prag :  4to,  pp.  400,  with  map,  30  illustrations,  and  34  woodcuts  in  text. 

This,  like  all  the  distinguished  author's  numerous  works,  is  got  up  magnifi- 
cently, and  is  for  private  circulation  only.  His  route  lay  from  Alexandria  along 
the  North  Coast  of  Africa  to  Tunis. 

898.  1874.  Sevestre,  H.—D* Alger  &  Tripoli;  mission  de  I'aviso  le  "Kleber," 
mai  et  juin  1874.    Rev.  Mar.  et  Colon,  Dec,  pp.  685-782. 

The  Kleber  had  to  visit  the  coral  fisheries  and  to  "  show  the  flag  "  in  Tunis 
and  TripoU. 


594  A  BlBLIOORAPHy  ClF  TBII'OLI  ASD  THE  CYRtHAICA. 

384.    187i.    Duveyrier,  Henri.— L'Afjiqiie  Necroi<^qae.     Bull.  S< 
Paris,  ()"'  s«r.  t.  viii.  p.  560, 

TliiB  gives  a  short  account  ot  all  who  have  fallen  victima  to  tlieir  ei 
to  odvfuiee  gongnipliical  knowledge  in  Africa,  inclmJing,  of  course,  tlio  Barbaty 
States.     A  very  inatructive  map  is  added,  showing  the  region  in  which  each 
person  travelled  and  the  place  of  his  death. 
S86.    1874.    FoBthumoa,  If.  W.— Freule  Tinne,  de   Nederlandache   reiagstcr^ 
door  Afrika,    ^Vilh  2  mapa.     Tijdschrift  van  het  Aardrijskundig  Genootwhi 
gevestigd  tc  Amsterdam,  No.  3,  pp.  72-89. 

Biograjihy  and  travels  of  Madlle.  A.  Tiiinc 
see.     1874-75.     Rohli^  Q6rard-— Zuatiinde    in  Bcrberien,  2'  Jahresbericht  d 

Gec^raphiacheu  Geseltsi^harteii.     Hunibui^. 
S97.     1875.    Dnimmond-Hay,  ConHUl-Oen.  Prank.— llepott  on  the  trade  <« 

Tripoli  for  1873.    Cons.  Comm.  Rep.,  pt.  i.  p.  699, 
3B8.    1876.    HenderBon,  Vioe-ConBuL— Report  on  the  trade  of  Bengazi  fi 

1873.  1.  c,  pt.  ii.  p.  907. 
389.  1675.  Qay,  Jean. — Eibliographie  des  ouvragea  rebitifa  &  I'Arriqne  et  S 
I'Arabip.  Catalc^ue  m^thodique  de  toua  les  ouvragea  rran9aia  et  des  prinoipattc 
en  langues  iStrang^rca,  traitant  de  la  g6ographie,  de  I'biBtoire,  du  commerc 
lettres  et  des  aria  de  TAfrique  et  de  I'Arabie.  Snn  nemo:  8vo,  pp.  312. 
This  containa  ouly  a  short  list  of  books  on  Trijxilt  and  the  Cyrcuaica. 

400,  1875.    Foumel,  Henri. — Lcs  Bcrberes.    l^tudd'sur  la  conquute  de  I'AlgJ 
par  laa  Arabes,  d'njires  des  testes  arabes  impriniees.     Pflria:  4lo,  t.  i,  pp.  x" 
609.    The  second  vol.  published  in  1881,  pp.  iv.  and  381. 

The  result  of  long  and  patient  invcEtigation. 

401.  1876.    Ijargeau,  V. — Voyage    ik   Uhadanies.      Bull,  See.   G^gr. 
p.  505,  and  Globe,  t.  xiv.  pp.  95-119. 

The  author  proceeded  via  Touggourt. 
40a.    Voyage  dans  le  Sahara  Ceotnil.  Bull.  Sob.  Gtogr.  de  Lyon,  Jan.  ] 


L'Esplorateur  Q£ogr.  ct  Comm.,  Nb  H 


403,     Le  commerce  du  Sail 

p.  43G  et  sej. 

404.    SpedizioQO  nel  Sahara  Cenlrale.    Cosmos,  No.  vi.  p,  201  et  mq, 

406.  1875.  Rohlfa,  Gerhard.- Faul  Solelllefs  und  Largeau's  Rdsen  in  die 
Sahara  nod  nacli  dciii  Sudan.     Pctorm.  Geogr.  Mittb,  p.  401, 

40e.  1875.  Mercier,  EmoBt.  —  Hialoirc  de  I'fitablissement  dea  Arabes  dona 
I'Afriqi'fi  Scptentrionnle  scion  lea  documents  fotimis  par  les  auteurs  Anbet,  et 
not&uiment  par  I'Hiatoire  des  Berb^rea  d'ibn  Khaldouo.  Conslanline:  8»o, 
pp.  406,  with  map. 

407.  1875.  Perk,  ML  i— Zes  jahron  to  Tripoli  in  Barbariyd.  Uit  de  gedenk- 
Bchrifteu  ecner  Nodorlandache  Vrouw,  door  M.  A.  Perk.    Amsterdam  :  8vo, 

The  lady  in  qnestion  was  wifu  of  CliiTord  Kock  van  Brengel,  Dutch  Consnl 
at  Tripoli  from  1827-33,  who  made  an  interesting  orcbaKilogtcal  joumoj  in  the 

408.  187G.     Drummond-Hay.  ConB.-Qan.  Prank.- Report  on  the  trade 
Tripoli  for  1874.     Uoes.  Comm.  Rep.  pt.  i.  p.  843. 

409.  1876.  Henderson,  Vice- Cons.- Report  on  the  trade  of  Beu'aKi  for  187< 
1.  c,  p.  3GI. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OP  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CYRENAICA.  595 

410.  187G.  Italian  Consular  Beport,  Tripoli.  Ccnni  intorno  al  commercio, 
&c.  BoIL  Gonsol.  pubblicate  per  cura  del  Ministero  per  gU  Aff.  Est.  Torino, 
vol.  xii.  p.  219. 

411.  1876.  Voth,  Prof.  P.  X,  and  Dr.  C.  M.  Kara.— Bibliografie  van  Neder- 
londsche  Boeken,  Brochures,  Karten,  enz.  over  Afrika.    Utrecht :  Qvo,  pp.  98. 

Pp.  18  to  29  are  devoted  to  North  Africa. 

412.  1876.  Bainier,  P.— La  R^gence  de  Tripoli.  Avec  une  Carte.  L'Explo- 
rateur,  No.  58,  vol.  iii.  p.  202. 

This  is  an  extract  from  a  work  not  then  published,  "  Cours  de  G^graphie 
Commerciale,"  by  the  author,  who  was  "  Sous-directeur  de  TEcole  sup^rieure  de 
Commerce  de  Mai-seille." 

418.  1876.  Tripoli  Article  in  Larousse,  Grand.  Diet.  Univ.  au  xix  Si^le, 
t.  XV.  p.  514. 

414.  1876.  Daveaux,  J. — Excursion  k  Malte  et  en  Cyr^nalque.  Paris:  8vo, 
pp.  8,  from  the  Bull,  de  la  Soc.  hot  de  France,  t  xxiii.  14  Janv. 

416.  1876.  Bary,  Dr.  Edwin  von. — Die  Senan  oder  Megalitischen  Denkmaler 
in  Tripolis.    Zeitsch.  fiir  Ethnologic,  Leipzig,  Bd.  viii.  378-385. 

Translated  into  French  by  Dr.  F.  Dargaud,  under  the  title,  '*  Les  Senam  et 
les  Tumuli  de  la  chatne  maritime  de  la  Tripolitaine."  Rev.  d'Ethnographie, 
Paris,  1883,  t.  u.  p.  426-437,  fig.  155. 

416.     Voyage  dans  le  Djcbel  Tripolitain.    Explorateur,  No.  75. 

417.  1876.  Bohlfii,  Gerhard. — Largeau's  zweite  Expedition  nach  Rbadames 
und  einige  Worte  iiber  Algerien.    Feterm.  Geogr.  Mitth.  p.  250. 

418.  1877.  Tanxier,  lu — Notice  sur  Corippus  et  sur  la  Johannide.  Rev.  Afr. 
vol.  XX.  p.  289. 

The  Johannide,  a  Latin  poem  by  Flavius  Cresconius,  was  written  in  the 
sixth  century,  and  narrates  the  exploits  of  Johannes  Troglita,  an  officer  of 
Justinian,  and  one  of  the  successors  of  Belisarius  and  Salomon  in  Africa. 

419.  1877.  Bary,  Dr.  B.  v. — Reise  in  Nord-Afrika.  Globus,  Bd.  xxxii.  p.  5  et 
9eq. 

420.     Reisebriefe  aus  Nord- Africa.    Zeitschr.  Geo.  f.  Erdk.  Berlin.    Nos.  3 

and  4,  pp.  161-199. 

421.  1877.  Mouchez,  Admiral  E.,  Director  of  the  Observatory  at  Paris. — Ex- 
planation des  Golfes  des  deux  Syrtes  cntre  Sfax  et  Benghasi.  Comptes-reudues 
des  s^nces  de  I'Acad.  des  Sc.  t.  Ixxxiv.  pp.  49-55. 

Exploration  de  la  Grande  Syrte.    1.  c,  pp.  97-101. 


428.    1877.    Barth,  B.  v. — Largeau's  erste  Reise  in  Nord-Afrika.    Das  Ausland. 
No.  21,  pp.  401-409. 

424.  1877.    Drummond-Hay,  ConB.-Gen.  Frank. — Report  on  the  trade  of 
Tripoli  for  1875.    Cons.  Comm.  Rep.  pt.  ii.  p.  940. 

425.  1877.    Henderson,  Vioe-Cons. — Report  on  the  trade  of  Bengazi  for  1875. 
1.  c,  p.  1641. 

426.  1877.    Firman  abolishing  Slave  Trade  in  Tripoli.    Hertslet's  Treaties,  vol* 
XV.  p.  831. 

427.  1877.    The  Mediterranean  Pilot. — Compiled  from  various  sources.    Pub- 
lished by  order  of  the  Lords  Commissioners  of  the  Admiralty.    London :  8vo. 

Vol.  ii.  pp.  215-255  contains  a  description  of  the  N.  Coast  of  Africa  from 
Jerbah  (Djerba)  Island  to  E'-Arish. 


596  A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CYRENAICA. 

428.  1877.  Kae,  Edward,  P.RO.S.— -The  Country  of  the  Moors.  A  Journey 
from  Tripoli  iu  Barbary  to  the  City  of  Kairwan.  Loodou :  8vo,  pp.  334,  with 
map  and  8  illustrations. 

The  autiior  visitecl  Tripoli  and  Lebda,  going  and  returning  by  sea. 

429.  1877.  Cyrenaica — Cyrene.  Articles  in  the  Encyclopaedia  Britannica, 
9th  edition,  vol.  vi.  p.  750. 

430.  1877.  Bonola,  Fredrioo. — I  Yiaggiatori  Italiani  nell'Africa.  V.  Yiaggia- 
tori  Italiani  in  Berbcria,  nel  Sahara ;  nel  Bornti.  Cosmos  di  Guido  Cora,  t.  iv. 
p.  21. 

481.  1877.  Beul^,  M.,  Vase  de  Bengazi  communique  et  ezpliqu^  par,  —  M^m. 
de  rinstit.  Acad,  des  Inscr.  et  Bell.  Lett.  t.  xxv.  p.  41. 

482.  1377.  Brunet  de  Presle,  M.— Observations  sur  le  vase  de  Bengazi. 
1.  c.  p.  43. 

488.    1877.    Beuld,  M.,  R^ponse  de.    1.  c.  p.  44. 

484.  1877.  19'achtigal,  Dr.  O.— Voyage  au  Wadai  (Conference  faite  h,  la  8oa  de 
G6og.  de  Vienne).  Bull.  Trim,  de  la  Soc.  Khddiviale  de  G^ogr.  du  Cairo,  No.  4^ 
Dec.  1876-Avril  1877,  pp.  305-350. 

486.  1877.  Rolilfii,  Gerhard. — Fine  Eisenbahnnach  Central- Africa.  Petermann, 
Geogr.  Mitth.,  p.  45  et  seq.,  with  map  of  the  country  S.  of  the  Syrtis  as  far  as 
Murzouk. 

486.    Die  Bedeutung  Tripolitaniens  an  sich  und  als  Ausgangspunkt  fur 

Entdeckungsreisende.    Weimar  :  8vo,  map. 

487.    Die  Bedeutung  Tripolitaniens  an  sich  und  als  Ausgangspunkt  fiir 

Entdeckungsreisende.     Weimar:  8 vo,  pp.  21,  with  map. 

The  author  maintains  that  Tri|)oli  is  the  best  place  of  departure  for  the 
Soudan. 

488.  1877.  Playfair,  Sir  R.  Lambert,  K. CM. G.— Travels  in  the  Footsteps 
of  Bruce  in  Algeria  and  Tunis.     London  :  4to,  pp.  300. 

Pp.  275  to  294  contain  an  accoiibt  of  Bruce's  Travels  in  Trijoli  and  the 
Cyrenaica,  with  facsimiles  of  his  drawings  of  the  quadrifrontal  arch  at  Tripoli, 
and  on  the  outer  cover  of  the  volume  his  drawing  of  the  Doric  Columns  at 
Ptolemeta. 

489.  1877.  Largeau,  V. — Voyaore  dans  le  Sahara  et  ^  Rhadames.  Bull.  Soc. 
Geogr.  Paris,  pp.  35-37.  Le  Globe,  t.  xvi.  p.  205 ;  L'Exploration,  No.  41,  p.  25 
et  seq, :  l^ev.  Lyonnaise  de  Ge'ogr,  No.  1,  p.  3. 

440.  1877.  F^raud,  L.  Charles. — Notes  sur  un  voyage  en  Tunisie  et  en 
Tripolitaine.     Kev.  Afr.  vol.  xx.  p.  490. 

The  last  few  lines  only  are  devoted  to  Tripoli  and  Benghazi. 

441.  1878.  BoBsi^re,  Gustave,  Ins|)ecteur  d'Acad^mie. — Esquissc  d'une  His- 
toire  de  la  Conqiiete  et  de  TAdmiuistration  Eomaines  dans  le  Nord  d'Afrique,  et 
l>articuli<^remeiit  dans  la  Province  de  Numidie.    Paris:  8vo,  pp.  436. 

1'here  is  nothin.i]^  very  ospeciul  in  this  regarding  the  region  east  of  Tunis, 
except  incidentally  as  forniinj^  part  of  the  Roman  possessions. 

442.  1878.  Rohlf^,  Gerhard. — Neues  Afrikanisches  Forschuugs-Untemehmen. 
With  map  of  country  south  of  Tri^wli  and  the  Cyrenaica.  Petermann,  Geogr. 
Mitth.  p.  20. 

448.  1878.  Nachtigal,  Dr.  G.— Von  Triiwlls  nach  Fezz&n.  With  original 
map.     Petermann,  Geogr.  Mitth.  p.  45. 


A  BIBUOGKAPHY  OF  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CYKENAICA.  597 

444.  1878.  Krauaey  G.  A. — Cronik  vooTesan.  Zeitsch.  der  Gosellschaft  fur 
Erdknnde  z.  Berlin,  p.  356. 

A  mere  repetition  of  Rohlfs,  PetermaDn,  Mitth.  1868,  p.  1. 

445.  1878.  AyuBO,  D.  F.  G.— Yiaje  de  Bohlfs  de  Tripoli  k  Lagos.  Madrid : 
8vo,  pp.  167.    From  '  Los  descubrimientos  Q^ogrdf.  Modernos.' 

448.     Voyage  de  Rohlfs  de  Tripoli  k  Lagos.    Paris  :  8vo.  pp.  61. 

447.  1878.  I>ruininond-Hay»  Co]i8.-GexL  Frank. — Report  on  the  trade  of 
Tripoli  for  1876.    Cons.  Couim.  Rep.  pt.  ii.  p.  932. 

448.  1878.  Henderson,  Vioe-Cons. — Report  on  the  trade  of  Bengazi  for  1876. 
1.  c,  p.  930. 

448.    1879.     Drummond-Hay,  Cona-Cton.  Frank. — ^Report  on  the  trade  of 
Tripoli  for  1877.    Cons.  Coram.  Rep.  pt.  ii.  p.  788. 
This  gives  an  account  of  the  esparto  trade. 

460.  1879.  BohlflEi,  Gerhard. — Notices  of  his  expedition.  Petermann,  Geogr, 
Mitth.  p.  72  et  seq.    Cosmos  di  Guido  Cora,  vol.  v.  p.  114  et  seq, 

451.    ■  Reise  nach  Kufra.    Mitth.  d.  Afrik.  Ges.  No.  4,  p.  12  et  seq. 

452. Zur  Charakteristik  der  Sahara.    Zeitschr.  f.  Erdk.  No.  5,  p.  368 

453.    Die  Oase  Djofra  im  Jahre  1879.    "Westermann's  Monatsb.  iii.  n.  13, 

p.  80.    Also  L'Explor,  p.  376. 

454.    Cyrenalka  oder  Barka.    Geogr.  Rundschau,  i.  n.  12,  p.  614. 

455.  1879.  Nachtigal,  Dr.  Gustav. — Sahara  und  Sudan.  Ergebnisse  sechs* 
jahriger  Reisen  in  Afrika.  Berlin :  2  vol.  8vo,  pp.  748,  790.  With  numerous 
illustrations  and  maps.  A  most  valuable  work.  The  author  started  from  Tripoli, 
travelling  south  to  Lake  Tschad. 

Also  a  French  translation  by  Jules  Gourdault.  Paris :  8vo,  pp.  540,  with 
map  and  99  illustrations. 

And  an  Italian  one  in  the  Cosmos  di  Guido  Cora,  vol.  v.  p.  411  et  aeq. 
The  first  nine  chapters  are  devoted  to  Tripoli  and  Fezzan. 

456.  1879.  Gk>lf  von  Sidra,  Beschreibung  von  Untiefer  im  —  Tripolis.  Ann. 
d'Hydrogr.  No.  4,  p.  181. 

457.  1879.  Chavanne,  Dr.  Josefl — Die  Sahara,  oder  von  Oase  zu  Oase.  Wien : 
8vo,  pp.  639.    With  map  and  many  illustratioQS. 

I.  Yon  Tripoli  nach  Murzuk. 

If.  Fessan. 

in.  Yon  Murzuk  nach  Rhat 

lY.  Yon  Rhat  nach  Rhadames,  &c 

458.  1879.  Gorringe,  lit. -Commander  Henry  H.,  and  Ideut.  Beaton 
Sohroeder,  U.S.  Ifavy.— Coasts  and  Islands  of  the  Mediterranean  Sea.  Bureau 
of  Navigation,  Hydrographic  Office,  Washington :  8vo. 

Part  iii.  pp.  219  to  281  contains  a  description  of  the  Tripolitan  coast  as  far 
as  the  frontiers  of  Egypt.  Two  plates,  containing  sketches  of  coasts  and 
headlands. 

459.  1879.  Faladini,  Leone.— La  ferrovia  del  Sahara,  fra  Cabes  e  il  Sudan,  e 
sua  evidente  corrclazione  cogli  interessi  commerciali  d' Italia.  Cagliari:  8vo> 
pp.  64.  ^ 

460.  1880.  Drummond-Hay,  Con8.-Gen.  Prank.— Report  on  the  trade  of 
Tripoli  for  1878.    Cons.  Coram.  Rep.  pt.  i.  p.  600. 


598  A  BIBOOGRAPHY  OF  TEIPOLI  ASD  THE  CYRESAIOA. 

461.  1880.    Dupuis,  ConsuL — Report  on  the  trade  of  Beupazi  for  1878.    L  e, 

I).  QSf5. 

462.  1880.  Jones,  Conaul.— Rqxjrt  on  the  trailo  of  Tripoli,  for  the  quHrt«c 
euding  30th  June,  1880.  Reports  from  the  ConauU  of  the  United  StAtm,  No.  2, 
p.  2. 

46a  1880.  Italian  Coneular  Beport  on  Tripoli  for  1880.  Boll.  ConsoUro, 
puhhlicato  per  ciira  del  Minislero  per  gli  affari  Esteri,  Roma,  voL  svii.  p.  789. 

464.  1880.  Puchstein.  O.— Zur  ArkeBiluMcbule.  ArchSoI.  ZmL  Berlin,  1880, 
p.  185,    On  tho  subject  of  Cyreoiau  pottery. 

466.  1860.  Bary,  E.  v.— Tngebueh,  gefChrt  auf  winer  Reise  ven  Tripolis  nach 
Ghat  und  Air.     Zeilsclir.  Ges.  f.  Erdk.  Berlin,  No.  1. 

466.  ]B80.  Camperio.— Gita  ncUaTi'iinlitania.  Esplor.  vol.  ix.— See  also  Un 
Vjaggio  a  Tripoli. 

467.  1880.  BoMfto,  OerhanL— Importanza  della  Tripolitsnia  per  e&  etceaa  a 
come  punto  di  parluazs  per  gli  I'sploratori.  Versioae  dol  cap.  dott.  C.  dall'Acquii. 
L'Rsploratore,  Gioroali  di  Vinggi  e  Geografia  Commcrciule,  IdJlano,  anno  it. 
pp.  38T-394. 

468.  1880.  Rosaonl,  Agente  Coiisolare  d' Italia. — La  FcGca  delle  spugne  sitllo 
coste  di  Barberia.    Bengasi.    I.  c.  p.  395, 

Followed  by  Ubles  of  trailc  and  navigation  of  Tripoli  for  1879. 

469.     Handel  und  Colonien  in  Nonl-Afrika.     Eiport,  No.  22. 

470.    Ncuo  Beilrttge  zui-  Eiildeokungund  Erfortchong  Afrika.    Cacael:  8vo, 

pp.  158.     ThiH  B|)eciBL]y  refers  to  N,  Africa. 

471.  1880.  Pasqua,  Dr.,  Sl^'decin  en  Chef  de  l'06pital  Mililaire  da  Benghnzi. 
Le  Doctenr  Gerhard  Rohifa  et  I'expijdition  alleiaande  eu  Afrique  (18T9),  Rev,  in 
G6ogt-  Paria,  L  vii.  p.  215. 

Br.  Rohlfs  c&uvefed  presenta  from  the  Emperor  of  Genntmy  to  the  Soil 
of  Wadai  io  return  for  the  hospitality  of  the  Utter  to  Dr.  Nachtigal. 
accompegnied  bj  a  nntaralist.  Dr.  A.  Steckcr. 
47S.     1881.    Boblft,    GeffhanL— Kufra.    Reiaa  von  Tripolis    nach    der  0»m 
Kufra,  ausgefiihrt  im  Auftrnge  der  Afrikanieciien  Geaellftchnft  in  Deutschland  ton 
G.  R.     Nebst,  BeitrSgen  von  P.  Aacherson,  J.   Hann,    F.   Karacb,   W.  Patm. 
A.  Stacker.     Mit  11  Abbildungtn  und  3  Eartcu.     Leipiig :  8vo.  pp.  viii.  550. 
AIbo  au  Italian  translation  :  Tripolitauio,  viaggio  da  Tripoli  all'  oasi  Kufra, 
by  Dr.  Guido  Cora.    Milano :  8vo,  pp.  200, 

A  second  part  of  the  work  is  devoted  to  scientific  subjects,  iu  which  he  is 
aided  by  ^veral  diftiiiguished  naturalists. 

Reviewed  in  the  llev.  des   Dem  Mondes,  by  Q.  Valbert,  1st  Nov.  1881, 
under  the  titlo  "  Un  voyage  malheureux  daus  les  Oasis  de  la  Tripulitaine," 

473,     Neue  Beitrage  zur  Enldeckung  und  Erforschiing  Africa's.     Caascl: 

8vo,  pp.  15C. 

Notea  on  various  subjects ;  Mtr  alia  on  Haifa  grass,  and  the  importance  of 
Tripoli  in  the  problem  of  opening  out  Africa. 

474.  1881.  Asoherson,  P. — Florula  der  Oasengruppe  Kufra  naoh  den  Beobach- 
tungen  und  Sammlungen  von  G.  Rohlfs.  Sitaungsber  d.  Botan.  Vereina  d.  Prov, 
Brandenburg,  xsiii.— Seo  also  Rohlfs  Kufra  (1881). 

478.    1881.    Kraua,  Dr.— DoU'Onai  et  CittA  di  Ghat.     L' Esplorature, 
].  73  etteq.  witli  plan. 


:! 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CYRENAICA.  599 

476.  1881.    Bottdglia,  Cap.  G. — Rapporto  da  Bengasi.    L  c,  p.  104. 

Followed  by  statistics  of  commerce  in  Tri|>oli  during  1880. 

477.  1881.  CamperiOy  Cap.  M. — ^Una  Gita  in  Gircnaica.  L  c,  p.  257  et  seq, 
with  map. 

478.  1881.    Mamoli,  P. — Atti  e  Notizie  Bengazi-Dema.    1.  c,  pp.  277-406. 

479.  1881.  Puchstein,  O. — Kyrenaeische  Yasen.  Archftol.  Zeit  Berlin,  1881, 
p.  317,  pi.  10-13. 

An  article  intended  to  prove  that  a  certain  class  of  vases,  of  which  the 
Arkesilaos  vase  of  Paris  is  a  well-known  example,  were  manufactured  in  the 
6th  century.  For  engraving  of  that  vase  see  title-page  Birch's  Ancient 
Pottery,  1873. 

480.  1881.  Oorringe,  H.  H. — A  Cruise  along  the  Northern  Coast  of  Africa. 
Bull.  Amer.  Geogr.  Soc.  No.  2,  pp.  47-58. 

481.  1881.  Bisson,  L^n  de. — La  Tripolitaine  et  la  Tunisie,  aveo  les  renseigne- 
ments  indispensables  au  voyageur.    Paris :  8vo,  x>p.  147. 

A  very  superficial  work. 

482.  1881.     Ferrondy  CL— De  Syrticis  emporiis,  thesim  facultate  litterarum 

parisiensi  proponebat  ad  doctoris  gradum  promovendus  CL  P .  Pariaiis :  8vo., 

pp.  226. 

To  this  is  joined.  Index  operum  in  hac  commendatione  laudatorum — about 
109  entries. 

488.  1881.  Cherbonneau^'A. — Ghadames  et  le  Commerce  Soudanien.  Bev.  do 
G^ogr.  Juin. 

484.  1881.^,Bichard,  P.  It.,  Missionnaire. — Carte  du  Sahara  Tripolitain  pour 
scrvir  k  Tintelligence  d'un  voyage  chez  les  Touaregs  Azghers.  Les  Missions 
Catholiques.    Lyon :  t  13.    No  text. 

486.  1881.    Consular  Beport  (Italian)  on  Tripoli.    Boll.  Consol.  xviii.  p.  3. 

488.  1881.  Skipi>en,  B.,  Medical  Director,  U.S.  Navy. — A  forgotten  General. 
The  United  Service ;  a  monthly  review  of  military  and  naval  afifairs,  Philadelphia, 
vol.  V.  No.  1,  p.  1. 

Gives  an  account  of  the  filibustering  expedition  of  William  Eaton,  the  well- 
known  American  "  General  **  in  the  Cyrenaica.  He  was  named  U.S.  Consul  at 
Tunis.  After  a  short  and  troubled  residence  there  he  proceeded  to  Egypt, 
whence  he  marched  with  an  ill-assorted  and  mutinous  force  to  Derna,  which 
he  took,  though  he  was  speedily  obliged  to  evacuate  it. 

487.  1881.  Wilmanns,  Gustavus. — Inscriptiones  Africae  Latinae  consilio  et 
auctoritate  Academiae  Litterarum  Regiae  Borussiae.  Col  legit  G.  W.  Berolini : 
2  vol.  folio. 

Part  1,  pp.  1-9  contains  inscriptions  collected  in  the  Province  of  Tripoli. 

1881.  Brunialti,  Dr.  Attilio. — Algeria,  Tunisia  e  Trixx)litania,  studio  di 
geografia  politica  sugli  ultimi  avvenimenti  africani.  Milano:  12mo,  pp.  274, 
map. 

Reviewed  in  the  Bull.  Corres.  Afr.  1884,  p.  147. 

The  author  seeks  to  turn  the  eyes  of  his  countrymen  to  this  country,  which 
he  believes  destined  to  become  a  new  Italy. 

1881.  Bottiglia,  Capt. — Lettera  da  Bengasi.  L' Esploratore,  No.  8, 
pp.  277-280. 


600  A  BIBLIOGRAPHT  OF  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CYRENAICA. 

480.    1881.    Haimann,  Comm.,   and  8.    Pastore.— Da    Bengasi    a    Dema. 
L'  Esploratore,  No.  7,  pp.  251-253. 

HaimaDn's  work  was  publUbed  separately  at  Milan  in  1886.    q.  v. 

491.    1881.    MamoU,  P.— La  Cirenaica.    L'  Esploratore,  No.  7,  pp.  241-251. 

482.    Lettere  da  Dtma.    1.  c,  No.  8,  pp.  280-288. 

488.  1881.  Beisen  in  Cyrenaica. — Im  Auftrage  der  Handel^-Erforschungs- 
gesellschaft  von  Mailand  au^gefiihrt  von  Capitan  Camperio  nnd  Dr.  Mamoli, 
Gommendatore  Halmann  und  Herrn  Fastore.  Petermann,  Gcogr.  Mitth.  pp.  321, 
with  map  of  the  Cyrenaica. 

484.  1881.  Drummond-Hay,  Con8.-Oen.  F.  B. — Report  on  the  trade  of  Tri- 
poli for  1880.    Cons.  Comm.  llep.  pt.  i.  p.  373. 

485.    Beport  on  the  trade  of  Tripoli  for  1879.    1.  c,  pt.  i.  p.  993. 

486.  1881.  Dupuis,  ConsuL— Report  on  the  trade  of  Bengazi  for  1879.  L  c, 
p.  1601. 

487.  1882.  Playfair,  Sir  K.  Lambert,  K.CJII.O.— Handbook  (Murray's)  to 
the  Mediterranean,  its  cities,  coasts  and  islands.    London :  8vo. 

Pp.  43  to  49  contain  an  account  of  the  Coast  of  Tripoli  and  the  Cyre- 
naica. 

488.  1882.  Broadley,  A.  M.— The  last  Punic  War— Tunis  past  and  present, 
with  a  narrative  of  the  French  Conquest  of  the  Regency.  London :  2  vol.  8vo. 
pp.  356,  398,  with  illustrations. 

Chap.  xl.  vol.  ii.  p.  219  contains  a  description  of  "Tripoly  in  the  West* 
and  of  the  Confrateruity  of  Es^Senoussi. 

488.  1882.  Drude,  Dr.  Oscar. — Die  floristische  Erforschung  Nord-Afrika's 
von  Marokko  bis  Barka.     Petermann,  Geogr.  Mitth.  pp.  143-150. 

At  the  cud  of  this  article  is  a  short  notice  of  the  flora  of  Tripoli  and 
Barca. 

500.  1882.  Ascherson,  P.,  Professor  at  Berlin. — Note  Botaniche  intomo  ad 
alcune  piante  dell'  Africa  Boreale  alta  alia  concia  delle  pelli.  L*  Esploratore,  an.  vi. 
p.  358. 

501.  1882.  Camperio,  Capit. — Notizie  Statisticbe  su  Barca  (Cirenaica).  Da 
una  Kelazione  del  Capitano  Camperio  pubblicata  dalla  Mittheilungen  di  Grotha 
(1881).     1.  c,  p.  366. 

502.  1882.  Mamoli,  P. — Stazione  di  Dema,  della  Soc.  d'Esplor.  Comm.  in 
Africa,  Rapporto  No.  35  del  delegato  P.  Mamoli.     1.  c,  p.  367. 

508.    1882.    N.  N.— A  Propoaito  della  Tripolitania.    L  c,  p.  397. 

504.  1882.  Fontpertuis,  Ad.  P.  do. — Geographic.  La  Tripoli taine,  le  Fezzan 
et  le  Tibest^.     Rev.  Scient.  Paris,  3"'  s^r.  t.  iii.  p.  775. 

505.  1882.  Mamoli. — Stazioni  di  Derna  (Cirenaica).  Cenni  storici  e  geografici 
L'Esploratore,  an.  vi.  p.  68. 

506.  1882.  Bottiglia,  G. — Relazione  sull' importazione  ed  esportazione  di 
Bengase,  anno  1881.    1.  c,  p.  70. 

507.  1882.    Bettoli,  Parmenio. — Tripoli  Artist ica.    1.  c,  Fasc.  i\\.  et  seq. 
In  the  same  number  is  a  map  of  the  territory  of  Bengazi. 

508.    Tripoli  Commerciale.     1.  c,  pp.  265  et  seq. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CrRENAICA*  601 

60a    1882.    MamolifP.—StazionediDerna.   Gita alle fonti.    I.e., pp.  196 and  324. 

610.    L'  iocidente  di  Deroa  I.    c,  p.  218.    The  arrest  of  Sig.  MamoU,  agent 

of  the  Societk  d'filsplorazione  at  Ras-et-Tio,  near  Deroa. 

611.  1882.    Haimann,  G. — Cirenaica,  con  disegni  dell*  aiitore.    Boll.  Soc.  Geogr. 
Ital.  vil.  No.  1,  p.  6.— See  also  L'  Esploratore,  An.  vi.  p.  306. 

Haimann  and  Camperio  made  a  journey  in  the  Cyrenaica,  accompanied  by 
the  wife  of  the  former  and  a  numerous  escort. 

612.  1882.     Sohweiger-Ijerohenfeld,  A.  von. — Der  Orient.     Wien :  8vo,  pp. 
cxlii.  808. 

Copiously  illustrated.    P.  793  to  the  end  devoted  to  Tripoli  and  Tunis. 

618.    1832.    Tripoli — ^Preszi  oorrenti  delle  merci.    Boll.  Consol.  vol.  xviii.  p. 
586. 

614.    Another  short  notice.    1.  c,  p.  322. 

616.     Movimento  della  navigazione.    1.  c,  vol.  xix.  p.  252. 

6ia     1882.     Bohlfii,  G.— Die  Kufra-Oase.     Westerroann's  Mouatshefte,  1.  1., 
N.  306,  pp.  785-795. 

617.    Liegt  ein  Grund  vor,  die  StadtebevOlkerung  von  Marokko,  Algerien, 

Tunisien  und  Tiipolitanien  als  eine  besondere  zu  betrachten  und  zu  benennen? 
Ausland :  N.  16,  pp.  301-307. 

618.  1882.  Bettoli,  P. — Tripoli  commerciale.  L'  Esploratore,  vi.  No.  7,  pp.  265- 
273.    With  map. 

618a.    1882.    Paulitsohke,  Dr.  FhiUppe.— Die  Afrika-Literatur  in  der  Zeit 
von  1500  bis  1750,  N.  Ch.    Ein  Beitrag  zur  geographiscben    Quellenkundc. 
Grelegentlich  des  ii.  Deutschen  Geograpbentages  zu  Halle  a/S. 
Wien  :  8vo.  pp.  122. 

Of  the  1212  works  here  catalogued,  450  have  reference  to  Egypt  and  North 
Africa. 

618b.  1882.  Splaine,  J.  P.— Four  days  in  Tripoli.  "  The  Month  "  :  vol.  xliv. 
p.  01,  January,  1882.    See  also  Liv.  Age.  vol.  clii.  p.  312. 

619.  1883.  Charmes,  Gabriel. — La  Tunisie  et  la  Tripoli taine.  Paris:  8vo, 
pp.  443,  2nd  Ed.  in  1884. 

This  work  is  a  reproduction  of  letters  which  appeared  in  the  Journal  des 
DebaU  in  July  and  Aug.  1882.  The  author  visited  Tripoli  during  the  Insur- 
rection in  Egypt,  when  great  agitation  existed  in  the  West. 

620.  1883.  Duveyrier,  Henri — Trembbment  de  terre  a  Ghalame?.  Compte 
Bend.  Soc.  Geogr.  Paris,  p.  454. 

621.  1883.  FeraudU  Ij.  Charles.— Annales  Tripolitaines,  Lettre  de  M.  F., 
Consul-G^n^ral  de  France  k  Tripoli,  k  M.  de  Grammont,  President  de  la  Soc.  hist. 
Alg.     Rev.  Afr.  vol.  xxvii.  p.  207. 

The  author  gives  a  short  account  of  Tripoli  from  1146,  when  Roger,  King 
of  Sicily,  took  possession  of  it,  and  he  appends  a  list  of  the  various  French 
consuls  from  1630.  He  promises  a  more  complete  work  afterwards.  M.  Feraud 
died  at  Tangier  while  these  sheets  were  in  the  press. 

622.  1883.  Ri25etto,  R.— Attached  to  the  Ministry  of  Foreign  Affairs.  La 
Tripolitania  quale  risulta  dai  viaggi  di  G.  Piohlfs.    Roma :  pp.  128. 

Reviewed  by  F.  C.  in  the  *  Nuova  Antologia'  of  15th  Jan.  lliis  work  cites 
the  opinion  of  Rohlfs,  that  Italy  should  conquer  the  Cyrenaica. 


602  A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CYRENAICA.  . 

628.    1883.    Bizetto,  B. — I  commerci  di  Tripoli  e  quelli  del  Sudan.    Boxna: 
8vo,  pp.  118. 

Estratto  dal  Giomale  II  Diritto. 

524.  1883.    Bohlfiiy  Oerhard. — Die  Anzabl  der  Juden  in  Afrika.     Petermann, 
Gcogr.  Mitth.  p.  211. 

Brunialti's  estimate  of  100,000  Jews  id  Tripoli  is  quoted  and  disproved. 

525.  1883.    Lemay,  G. — La  Tripolitaiue  et  le  Grand  Ddsert.    Bull,  de  la  Soc  de 
Gdogr.  Comm.  t.  v.  pp.  352-369. 

The  substance  of  an  address  given  before  the  society,  based  on  a  residence 
of  several  months  in  the  country.  The  author  particularly  describes  Tripoli 
and  its  commerce. 

620.      1883.     Cyclop. —  Aus  den  Beiseberichten  S.  M.  S ,  Eapt.  Licnt. 

Kelch.     Bemerkungen  iiber  die  Bucht  von  Tobruk,  Nordkiiste  von   Afrika. 
Annalen  d.  Hydrogr.  xi.  N.  7,  pp.  403-405. 

527.  1883.    Sohwelnflirtli,  Dr.  G. — La  COte  de  la  Marmarique.    Lettre  k 
M.  Henri  Duveyrier.    Compte  Bend.  Soc.  G^.  Paris,  p.  484. 

The  author  made  a  voyage  on  board  a  German  gunboat  to  the  port  of 
Tobruck.  He  remarks  that  he  is  proud  of  being  the  first  to  call  the  attention 
of  the  Italians  to  the  Gyrenaica  and  the  Tripolitaine. 

528.    Una  Yisita  al  Porto  di  Tobruc  (Cirenaica).      L'  Esplor.  vii.  p.  207. 

With  a  plan. 

529.  1883.    Mamoli,    P.— Stazione  di  Dema  (Cirenaica).     Bapporto  39  del 
delegato  P.  M.    L'  Esploratore,  an.  vii.  p.  29. 

680.    Bapporto  40.    1.  c,  p.  100. 

681.    Belazione  Agricolo-Commerciale.  Bcport  on  the  operations  of  the  Soc 

d'Esplor.  Comm.  in  Africa,  especially  regarding  commerce  and  colonisation  in  the 
Cyrenaica.     1.  c.  vii.  p.  193. 

58a    Bapporto  41.     Tobruk.    1.  c,  p.  163. 

538.     1883.    Freundy  Dr.  G.  A. — Viaggio  lungo  la  gran  Sirte  da  Bengasi  a 
Tripoli,  Maggio  e  Giugno,  188 L     1.  c,  pp.  183  et  seq, 

584.  1883.     Copbetta,  Dr.  C— Da  Tripoli  ad  Algeri.    1.  c,  p.  265. 

585.  1883.     Drummond-Hay,  Cons.-Gen.  Frank. — Beport  on  the  trade  of 
Tripoli  for  1881.    Cons.  Comm.  Bep.  pt.  i.  p.  24L 

586.  1883.  Italian  Consular  Beport — Tripoli.  Quadro  della  Navigazionc. 
Boll.  Consol.  vol.  xx.  p.  321. 

587.  1884.  Waille,  Victor. — Bibliographic  des  ouvrages  concemant  la  CyrenaYque 
et  la  Triix)litaine.     Alger  Bull.  Corresp.  Afr.  p.  227. 

The  author  quotes  127  works  on  these  countries. 

588.    Becents  Travaux  Italiens  sur  la  Cyr^naique.    1.  c,  p.  14G. 

589.  1884.  lianier,  L. — I/Afrique.  Choix  de  lectures  de  Gdographie,  accom- 
pagndes  de  rdsum^s,  d'analyses,  de  notes  explicatives  et  bibliographiques,  et 
orndes  de  57  vignettes,  de  9  cartes  tirees  en  couleur  et  de  33  cartes  dans  le  texte. 
Paris  :  12mo,  pp.  920. 

Livre  ii.  p.  345,  Bdgiou  Tripolitaine  et  Saharienne.     At  p.  3G2  is  a  short 
bibliography. 


A  BIBUOGRAPHY  OF  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CYRENAICA.  603 

640.  1884.  TisBoty  Charles,  Ambassador.  —  Exploration  Scientifique  de  la 
Tunisie.  O^ographie  Compart  de  la  Provinoe  Bomaine  d'Afrique.  Paris :  vol.  1. 
4to,  pp.  697. 

At  p.  210  is  a  hydrographical  description  of  the  coast  of  Tripoli. 

541.  1884.  Duveyrier,  H.— La  Confr^rie  musulmane  de  Sidi  Mohammed  ben 
'Ali  Es-Senousi  et  son  domaine  gdographique  en  Tannde  1300  de  PHegire 
(1883  de  notre  ^re).  Paris  :  8vo,  pp.  84,  with  map.  From  Bull.  Soc.  de  G^ogr. 
Paris,  V  s^r.  t.  v.  pp.  145-226. 

642,  1884.  BuonflBUitL — ^Reise  von  Tripolis  nach  Lagos.  Peterm.  Geogr.  Mitth. 
pp.  272,  314. 

548.    Le  Sahara  et  le  Soudan  occidental.    Bull.  Soc.  H.  G^gr.  Bruxelles, 

viii.  Nos.  1  and  2,  >vith  map. 

544.  1884.    Camperio,  Capt. — Carta  economica  della  Tripolitania  e  Cirenaica. 

This  map  has  been  published  by  the  Soc.  d*  Esplorazione  Comm.  in  Africa, 
Milano — scale,  1  :  3500,000 — and  includes  all  the  recent  obscr\'atioD8  of 
Captain  Camperio  and  his  companion,  Sr.  Mamoli. — See  L'  Esploratore,  an.  viii. 
p.  64. 

545.  1884.  Iiongo,  il  Fastore  P. — Lo  Snussiomo,  ovvero  la  confratcrnitii 
Mussulmana  di  Sidi  Mohammed  Ben  Ali  es-Snussi.    1.  c,  p.  121  et  seq, 

54a    1884.    Bninialti,  Prof.  A.— Assab  e  Tripoli.    1.  c,  p.  257. 

547.  1884.    Gkurcin,  L— Tripoli.'    Corrispondenza  commerciale.    1.  c,  p.  326. 

548.  1884.    Sohweiger-Iierolieiifeld,  A.  von. — La  Tripolitaine  et  I'Egypto 

d'apr^  Touvrage  allemand  de par  F.  Kohn-Abresfc.    Paris:  8vo,  pp.187, 

with  illustrations. 

549.  1884.  Drummond-Hay,  ConB.-Gen.  Frank. — Report  on  the  trade  of 
Tripoli  for  1882.    Cons.  Comm.  Rep.  pt.  i.  p.  211. 

550.  1885.  Melon,  FauL— De  Palerme  ^  Tunis,  par  Malte,  Tripoli  et  la  Cote. 
Paris :  8vo,  pp.  212,  8  illustrations. 

This  is  a  mere  record  of  a  tourist's  impressions.  The  author  states  in  his 
preface : — "  Ccci  n'est  pas  un  livre  k  proprement  parler." 

551.  1885.  Fiesse,  Ii.— De  la  Goulette  k  Tripoli.  Bull.  Trim,  de  Gdogr.  (Oran) 
t.  V.  pp.  8  to  16, 5  illust. 

The  author  simply  made  the  voyage  in  the  mail  steamer. 

552.  1885.  Longo,  Fastore  F.— Delle  Antiche  CitUl  della  Tripolitania.  L'  Es- 
ploratore, an.  ix.  p.  109. 

An  attempt  to  fix  the  position  of  the  ancient  cities  after  Vivien  de  St. 
Martin. 

558.  1885.  Camperio,  Capt.,  and  Dr.  Schweinflirth. — Sudan,  Egitto  e 
Tripolitania.    1.  c,  p.  169. 

554.  1885.    Bninialti,  Prof.  A.— Andiamo  a  Tripoli  ?    1.  c,  p.  210. 

Extracted  from  the  author's  work,  *L' Italia  e  la  questione  coloniale,* 
Milano,  1885.  This  gives  a  succinct  account  of  th&  Tripolitaine  and  the 
Cyrenaica,  and  the  benefits  likely  to  result  to  Italy  from  the  possession  of 
these  countries. 

555.  1885.    lia  Tratta  degli  Schiavi  in  Tri|x>1itania.    1.  c,  p.  256. 


■B.      St  I 


604  BlBLlOfiRAPHy  OF  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CYRENAlCi, 

666.  1885.    Lupi.    La  TrIpolUsnU.    IRome. 

A  work  of  DO  particular  scientific  merit,  but  intended  to  make  kuown  tlic 
counlry  in  Italy,  and  to  advocate  its  cccupalion  by  Ibiit  Datinn. 

667.  IBSb.    lie.  Cirenaica  (TripoUtania). 

The  auonymona  mitbor  reviews  Ibe  work  of  Giuseppe  Hnimann  (Snd  ed. 
w'th  plans  of  Ilcnaaxi  and  Derua),  and  auggesia  thnt  the  ItaltBo  Government 
should  assist  tbe  Milaueso  Society  in  exploring  the  country,     Nuov 
lo^ia,  1st  November. 
687a.     1885.     ^litye&r.  A,   V.— Anthropological  EipodJtion   into   the 
through  Tripoli,  Tunis  and  Algiers  (Russian). 

Izvyestiyn  Iniperatorskova  Busakova  Gcographicheskovo  obscheHtvo.    St 
Petersburg.    T.  xxi.     No.  *. 

668.  1885,  I}ranuiiond''Ha7,  CoDa.-Q«ii.  Frank. — Beport  on  tbe  trade  of 
Tripoli  for  1883.    Cons.  Coram.  Rep.  pt.  i.  i<.  3G0.  J 

668.     1885.    Wood,  Consul.— Beport  on  trade  of  Bengazi  fur  1883.    1,  a,  ifl 
1389.  ^ 

660.  1886.  BeclUB,  ifilia*©.— Xouvelle  Ge'ographie  Universtlle;  La  Terre  et 
lea  HonimeB,  T.  xi.— L'Afriqne  Septenlrionale :  Tripolitaine,  Tiinisip,  Alg^rie 
Maroc,  Sahara.  Paris,  8vo,  pp.  912,  4  coloured  maps,  160  maps  in  tLe  test,  and 
83  woodcuts. 

A  work  of  the  highest  Talue.      The  portion  devoted  to  Tripoli  and  the 
Cyreuaicni  ia  from  p.  1  to  133. 

561.    1880.    BstovinieUBB  de  Constaat,  F.  d'. — Lea  Societes  accretes  ches  les 

Arabes  et  In  conqugte  de  TAfriquc  da  Nord.     Rev.  dea  Deux  Moadc^  March, 
t.  Ixxiv.  p.  100. 

Gives  an  account  of  the  order  of  Ea-Senousu  in  the  Cyrenaica. 
seS.    I88G.    Uae-Xiatrie,  le  Comta  de. — Relations  et  Commerce  de  I'Afriqae 
Septenlrionale  ou  Magreb,  avec  les  Nations  Chr^tiecnes  au  miiyen  ige,     Paru; 
12mo,  pp.  550. 

Pp.  384-389  especiiilly  devoted  to  Genoese  rektioiia  with  Tripoli  ia  1355. 

668.    Anciena  li^vgchis  de  TAfiiqua  Septcntrionale.     Bull.  Correcp.  Afr. 

5"  year,  p.  80. 

This  is  a  re-arrangement  of  the  aeca  given  by  Morcelli,  in  geographical 
order.     Eiglit  are  mentioned  aa  in  tlie  Tripolitaine. 
664,    1880.    Rohlft,  Qorhard.— Quid  novi  ex  Africa  ?    Cassel:  8vo,  pp.-vii.  288. 
A   series  of  deUichcd   jiaperi,  one  of  which   is,   "Is  there  any  reason  for 
believing  thnt  the  town  [lopulation  of  Morocco,  Algeria,  Tunis  and  Tripoli  are 
of  a  special  character?" 
666.    1B86.    Haimann,  Comdt.  Qiuseppe.— CiR'naica  (Tripoli  I  an  ia).     Milano: 
Svo,  pp.  215,  copiously  iUuistrated,  &1bo  map  of  the  Cyrenaica  and  plans  of  Ben- 
gad  and  Derna. 

The  author  died  at  Alexandria  (1883)  before  the  publication  of  this  work. — 
See  also  Pelerm,  GL'ogr,  Uitth.  p.  186. 
666.    1886.    Eeplor^alone  Comtneroiale. — At  the  end  of  1885  the  "  Esjilon- 
tore"  was  replaced  by  the  above-named  journal  aa  the  official  oi^an  ofthD"Soofela 
d'Esplorazione  Commercialu  in  Africa,  Resideute  in  Wilano."     Frequent  lett«n 
containing  commercial  and  political  information  regarding  Tripoli  i 
e  to  appear  in  it. 


equent  letters  J 

nd  the  Vjtt-^^J 


A  BIBUOGRAPHT  OF  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CYRENAICA.  605 

667.  1886.  Drummond-Hay,  Conik-Oen.  Frank. — Report  on  the  trade  of 
Tripoli  for  1884.    Cons.  Comm.  Rep.  pt.  L  p.  481. 

668.  1887.  Giirioh,  Dr. — Ueberblick  iiber  den  gcologischen  Bau  des  Afrikan- 
ischen  Kontinent?.    Mit  Karte,  s  Tafel  13.    Peterm.  Geogr.  Mitth.  p.  257. 

669.  1887.  Foximely  Maro. — La  Tripolitaine,  les  Routes  du  Soudan.  Paris : 
8vo,  pp.  272. 

Contains  much  useful  information  regarding  the  country,  its  people,  climate 
and  productions. 

670.  1887.  Head,  Barolay  V.,  Assistant  Keeper  of  Coins,  Brit.  Mus. — Historia 
Kumiarum  :  a  manual  of  numismatics.    Oxford  :  8vo,  pp.  784. 

At  page  725  is  an  account  of  the  coins  of  the  Cyrenaica,  Libya  and  Syrtica. 

671.  1887.  Drummond-Hay,  Con8.-Oen.  Frank. — Report  on  the  trade  of 
Tripoli  for  1886.    Cons.  Rep.  New  Series,  No.  89. 

672.  1888.    Broadley,  A.  M. — Triix)li :  article  in  Enc.  Brit.,  vol.  xxiiL  p.  574. 

678.  1888.  Testa,  Jhr.  F. — Waarm.  Consul-Generaal  le  Tripoli.  Verslag  over 
1887.    Verz  ameling  van  Consulaire,  &c.    Jaargang,  1888,  p.  588. 

674.  1888.  Mauprix,  Ch.  de. — Les  It:iliens  k  Tripoli.  Art.  in  Le  Corrospon- 
dant,  Oct.  10, 1888. 

676.  1888.  lies  Allemanda  k  Tripoli.— Rev.  Fran9.  de  r£tr.  et  des  Colon. 
t.  vii.  p.  585. 

676.  1888.    Tripolitaine. — Situation  6conomique.    1.  c,  t.  viii.  p.  1G5. 

677.  1888.    TripoU,  Commerce.    1.  c,  p.  283. 

678.  1888.  Boraari  Ferdinando.—Geografia,  Etnologica  e  Storica  della  Tripo- 
litania,  Cirenaica  e  Fezzan,  con  Cenni  sulla  Storia  di  queste  Regioni  e  sul  Silfio 
della  Cirenaica.    Torino ;  Napoli ;  Palermo :  8vo,  pp.  278. 

This  is  divided  into  four  parts,  each  preceded  by  a  short  bibliography: 
L  Geografia  Etnologica,  pp.  9-66 ;  ii.  Geografia  Storica,  pp.  67-214 ;  iii.  Cenni 
sulla  Storia  della  Tripolitania  e  Cirenaica,  pp.  215-268;  iv.  II  Silfio  della 
Cirenaica,  pp.  269-279. 

679.  1889.  Marbeau,  Edouard.— L'ltalie  dans  TAfrique  du  Nord.  1.  c,  t.  ix. 
p.  129,  with  map. 

This  contains  views  favourable  to  the  annexation  of  Tripoli  and  the 
Cyrenaica  by  Italy.  "  Nous  croyons  que  la  cause  de  la  Civilisation  et  de  la 
liberty  ne  ferait  que  gagner  si  la  France  et  l'ltalie  poursuivraient  .  .  .  &c.** 


PUBLIC  RECORDS.— TBIPOLI  ARCHIVES. 

In  the  Public  Record  Office  in  London  there  is  a  series  of  62  MS.  volumes  con- 
taining correspondence  from  and  to  the  Consulate-General  of  Tripoli,  as  follows  :— 

Royal  Letters,  1500-1742.    This  volume  contains  letters  and  translations  from  the 
Beys  of  Tripoli  and  Tunis  to  the  Sovereigns  of  England. 
VOL.  n.  2  R 


606  .    PUBLIC  RECORDS.— TRIPOU  ARCHIVES. 

No.  1.  1590-1728.  Letters  from  Consuls  Samuel  Tooker,  Nathaniel  Bradley, 
Admiral  Sir  John  Narhorough,  Consuls  Thomas  Baker  and  Nathaniel  Lodington. 
At  the  beginniog  of  the  vol.  is  a  very  curious  view  of  Tripoli  (about  1560) 
being  attacked  by  the  Army  ''del  Re  Philippo  et  con  aiuto  della  Sede 
Apostolica,  del  Duca  de  Fiorenza  et  del  gran  Mastro  della  Beligion  di  Rhoda." 
It  also  contains  printed  copies  of  Sir  John  Narborough's  treaty  of  5th  March 
1675-6. 

No.  2.    1659  to  Geo.  II.    An  unbound  collection  of  miscellaneous  letters. 

No.  3.    1729-1746.     Letters  from   Consuls   Nathaniel  Lodington  and  William 

Beed. 
No.  4.    A  single  Turkish  letter  sealed  Mohammed  ben  Othman  [A.H.]  1169. 

No.  5.    1747-1766.    Letters  from  Consuls  William  Beed  and  Robert  White, 

No.  5  [sic],     1756-1765.    Letters  from  Consul  Bobert  White  and  several  from  the 
Bey  to  the  King. 

No.  6.  1765-1769.  Letters  from  Consuls  A.  Fraser,  Bobert  Wilkie  and  Edward 
Barker. 

No.  7.  1770-1779.  Letters  from  Consuls  Barker,  Bayntun,  Cooke,  Mr.  (afterwards 
Consul)  Tully  and  others.    An  unbound  collection. 

No.  8.    1780-1792.    Letters  from  Consuls  Bichard  Tully  and  George  Burgall. 

No.  9.  1793-1804.  Letters  from  Consuls  Bichard  Tully  and  Simon  Lucas,  Pro- 
Coiisul  B.  McDonogh  and  Consul  William  Wass  Langford. 

No.  10.  1805-1809.    Letters  from  Consul  William  Wass  Langford. 

No.  11.  1810-11.    Ditto. 

No.  12.  1812-13.    Ditto,  and  from  Pro-Cons.  Pat.  Wilkie  and  James  Somerville. 

No.  13.  1814-15.    Letters  from  Cons.-Gren.  Colonel  Hanmer  Warrington. 

No.  14.  1816.     Ditto. 

No.  15.  1817.    Ditto. 

No.  16.  1818.     Ditto. 

No.  17.  1819.  Ditto.  This  contains  news  of  Mr.  Bitchie's  expedition,  and  letters 
from  him. 

No.  18.  1820.  Cons.-Gen.  Warrington.  This  contains  a  coloured  sketch  of  his 
house,  and  pencil  sketches  of  antiquities  found  by  him. 

No.  19.  1821.  Cons.-Gen.  Warrington.  ITie  first  despatch  reports  transmission 
of  thirty  cases  of  antiquities. 

No.  20.  1822.  Cons.-Gen.  Warrington.  Contains  a  historical  memoir  on  Tripoli, 
and  letters  from,  and  information  regarding  Dr.  Oudney,  Capt.  Beechey  and 
Mr.  A'Court. 

No.  21.  1823.  Cons.-Gen.  Warrington.  News  of,  and  letters  [from  Clapi)erton, 
Denham  and  Oudney. 

No.  22.     1824.    Cons.-Gen.  Warrington.    Letters  from  Denham  and  Toole. 

No.  23.  1825.  Cons. -Gen.  Warrington.  Further  news  of  the  above  travellers, 
also  of  Major  Laing.     An  account  of  Tyrwhitt's  death  at  Bomou. 

No.  24.  1825.  Con8.-Gen.  Warrington.  News  from  Clapperton,  Denham  and 
Laing.    Antiquities  anil  Greek  inscriptions  from  Cyrene. 

Nu.  25.    1827.    Cons.-Gen.  Warrington,  and  Yicc-Cons.  Dupuis. 


PUBLIC  RECORDS.— TRIPOLI  ARCHIVES.  607 

Ko.  26.    1827.    Ditto.    Letters  concerning  Major  Laing's  mission. 

No.  27.  1828.  Con8.-Gen.  Warrington.  Consular  Diary.  Ne\ies  from  Clapperton 
and  Denham*8  mission.    Murder  of  Major  Laing. 

No.  28.    1828.    Cons.-Gen.  Warrington.    Trade  Reports. 

No.  29.    1829.    Oons.-Gen.  Warrington  and  Vice-Cons.  Dupuis.    Trade  Returns. 

No.  30.  1829.  Cons.-Gren.  Warrington.  Letters  regarding  Major  Laing's  papers, 
and  Miscellaneous. 

No.  3L  1830.  Con8.-Gren.  Warrington  and  Vice-Cons.  J.  Fraser.  Consular 
Diary.  French  treaty  with  Tripoli.  British  convention.  Information  regarding 
the  murder  of  Major  Lain^,  and  death  of  Mrs.  Laing. 

No.  32.  1830.  Cons.-Gen.  Warrington  and  Vice-Cons.  J.  Fraser.  Commission 
to  enquire  into  the  charge  against  French  Consul-General  for  having  fraudulently 
obtained  the  papers  of  Major  Laiug.  French  expedition  under  Adm.  Rosamel  to 
Tripoli. 

No.  32a.  1675-1818.  Treaties  with  Tripoli.  Copies  made  by  Con8.-G^n. 
Warrington. 

No.  32b.    1695-1830.    Copies  of  Treaties. 

No.  33.  1831.  Cons.-Gen.  Warrington  and  Vice-Cons.  Fraser.  Consular  Diary. 
Letter  of  Graberg  da  HemsO  regarding  missing  copy  of  Ibn  Batuta. 

No.  34.    1831.    Cons.-Gen.  Warrington.    Miscellaneous  and  Trade  returns. 

No.  35.  1832.  Cons.-Gen.  Warrington.  Consular  Diary  of  Bengazi.  Miscel- 
laneous.   Trade  returns. 

No.  36.    1832.    Ditto.    Miscellaneous. 

No.  37.  1832.  Regarding  the  charge  made  by  the  Pasha  of  Tripoli  against  Sidi 
Hassuna  D*Ghies  of  having  abstracted  the  papers  of  the  late  Major  Laing. 

No.  38.    1833.    Cons.-Gen.  Warrington.    Miscellaneous. 

[No.  39.    Missing.] 

No.  40.  1833.  Vice-Cons.  J.  Fraser  and  Joseph  Dupuis.  Continuation  of  the 
affoir  of  Hassuna  D'Ghics  and  the  late  Major  Laing. 

No.  41.    1834.    Cons.-Gen.  Warrington.    Miscellaneous. 

No.  42.    1835.    Cons.-Gen.  Warrington.    Miscellaneous. 

No.  43.    1835.    Cons.-Gen.  Warrington.    Miscellaneous. 

No.  1.    1825-32.    Letters  to  Cons.-Gen.  Warrington  from  Colonial  Office. 

No.  2.    1832-36.    Ditto. 

No.  3.    1825-34.    Domestic.    Answers  to  letters. 

No.  4.    1834-36.    Ditto.    Ditto. 

No.  1.    Jan.  to  Sep.,  1836.    Letters  from  Cons.-Gen.  Warrington.    Diplomatic  and 

Consular. 
No.  2.    Oct.-Dec.,  1836.    Ditto.    Ditto. 

No.  3.    1836.    Vice-Cons.  Wood,  Bengazi  and  Vice-Cons.  Dupuis.     Report  from 
the  latter  on  trade  of  interior,  with  map. 

No.  4.    1837.    Cons.-Gen.  Warrington  and  Vice-Cons.  Wood,  Bengazi. 
No.  5.    Cons.-Gen.  Warrington.    Various. 

2  R  2 


608  PUBLIC  RECORDS.— TRIPOLI  ARCHIVES. 

No.  6.    Con8.-Greii.  Warriogton  and  Vice-Cons.  Wood. 

No.  7.    1839.    Con8.-Gen.  Warrington.    Various. 

No.  8.    1840.    Cons.-Gen.  Warrington  and  Vice-Cons.  Wood,  Bengazi. 
No.  9.     1841.    Ditto,  ditto. 

No.  10.    1824-41.    Case  of  Captain  Chatten,  **  La  Fortuna." 

No.  11.    1842.    Cons.-Gen.  Warrington. 

No.  12.     1842.     Ditto.    Vice-Cons.  Wood,  Bengazi. 

There  are  also  scattered  notices  concerning  Tripoli,  some  of  great  historical 
interest,  in  the  various  printed  calendars  of  State  papers  published  under  the  direc- 
tion of  the  Master  of  the  Rolls,  as  follows : — 

Spanish  Series,  vol.  1509-1525,  pp.  276,  583. 

Venetian  Series,  yol.  1520-1526,  No.  796-799. 

Foreign  and  Domestic  Series,  Henry  VIII.,  vol.  i.  1509-1511,  No.  1209,  and  vol.  ix. 
1535,  No.  910. 

Foreign  Series,  Edw.  VI.,  1547-1553,  pp.  157,  162,  163,  165,  168,  170,  172, 
175, 183. 

Calendar  of  Treasury  Papers,  vol.  1556-7-1696,  No.  392,  464,  483-542;  vol. 
1697-1701-2,  xlvii.  30,  li.  54,  Ixi.  1,  Ixv.  9,  Ixxvii.  36,  57 ;  vol.  1702-1707, 
Ixxxiv.  33,  34,  90,  Ixxxv.  125,  Ixxxvi.  19,  100;  vol.  1708-1714,  cxxxiii.  9, 
cxxxiv.  61,  clx.  24,  clxxiii.  24;  voL  1714-19,  clxxxiv.  28,clxxxv.  43,  clxxxvi.  16, 
clxxxvii,  44,  cxc.  60,  cxcii.  41,  cxcix.  44,  45,  63,  cciv.  63. 

Foreign  Series,  vol.  1559-60,  Nos.  550(6),  590(6),  640(3),  665,  859(13),  1066(4); 
voL  1560-61,  74(3),  128(3),  148(1,3,5),  167(1),  187(1),  194(1,2),  224(2,10), 
252(6),  328(2),  433(2,3,5),  450(3),  564(3),  716(30);  vol.  1561-62,  13(2), 
25G(2),  300;  vol.  1564-65,  171(3),  1168(2),  1220(1). 

Domestic  Series,  vol.  1547-1580,  p.  551 ;  vol.  1566-1579,  p.  563  ;  vol.  1581- 
1590,  pp.  147,  243  ;  vol.  1591-159^,  pp.  58,  67,  89  ;  vol.  1595-1597,  p.  353  ;  vol. 
1601-1003;  addenda,  1547-1565,  pp.  151,  160;  vol.  1603-1610,  p.  216;  vol. 
1633-1634,  p.  357  ;  vol.  1651,  p.  291 ;  vol.  1651-1G52,  p.  482;  vol.  1652-1653, 
pp.  44,  58,  118,  119,  120  134,  342;  vol.  1653-1654,  pp.  42,  130,  137,  167,  213, 
250,  263,  288,  289,  487 ;  vol.  1654,  pp.  402,  456 ;  vol.  1655,  pp.  138,  482;  vol. 
1655-1G56,  p.  155  ;  vol.  1656-1 657,  pp.  8, 272 ;  vol.  1657-1658,  pp.  24, 55, 95,  96, 
250, 308  ;  vol.  1G58-1659,  pp.  88-92,  108,  140, 197 ;  vol.  1659-1660,  pp.  140,  254, 
337, 406,  440 ;  vol.  1660-1661,  pp.  43, 5«G ;  vol.  1661-1662,  pp.  46-58 ;  vol  1663- 
1604,  p.  385 :  vol.  1G66-1667,  p.  483  ;  vol.  1760-1765,  Nos.  380,  609,  623,  1518, 
1608,  1688,  1837,  1928,  1962,  1993,  1994,  1995,  2009,  2045,  2075 ;  vol.  1766- 
17G9,  Nos.  40,  98,  123,  176,  225,  226,  229,  242,  253,  274,  277,  284,  569,  713, 
904,  918,  1005, 1100 ;  vol.  1770-1772,  Nos.  55,  209, 1002, 1533,  p.  626. 


(    609    ) 


INDEX  OF  SUBJECTS. 


K.B. — The  figures  in  this  Index  refer  to  the  Numbers  of  the  entries  in  the  Bibliography. 


Africa,  ancient  and  modem,  72 

,  Christiana,  141,  205,  563 

,  ci-uise  along  N.  coast,  480 

f  explorations  in,  166,  170,  181,  182, 

419,  420,  423 

,  land  and  people,  357 

,  map  of  ancient,  308 

,  necrology  of,  394 

-,  North  and  Central,  travels  in,  147, 


148,  238,  242,  243,  247,  250,  251,  254, 
255,  256,  262.  269,  284,  285,  286,  287, 
319.     See  also  Sahara,  Cyrenaica,  Tripoli. 

,  North,  ancient  history  of,  193,  195 

, ,  in  antiquity,  305 

under  Roman  domination,  192,  309, 


441 

African  languages,  327.     See  Touareg. 
Air,  465 
Alfa  fibre,  473 
Anthropology,  557a 
Antonine,  itinerary  of,  94,  216 
Arabs,  conquest  of  Africa  by,  210,  259,  260 

,  establishment  of,  in  N.  Africa,  406 

Audjela,  158,350,  353 

P'AINBRIDGE,  Commodore.  149 

Earbary  States,  ancient  geography  of,  201  » 

Barca,  454,  501 

,  account  of,  184 

,  conquest  of,  215 

Bengasi,  352,  365,  489,  490,  506,  507 

,  exploration  of,  229 

-,  plan  of,  565 

,  visit  to,  81 

Beibers,  259,  260,  294,  400 

,  history  of,  215 

Berenice,  351 

,  vase  of,  383 

Bibliographies,  198, 356-399,411,  482,  518a, 

537,  539,  578 
Bilma,  331 
Bishops  of  North  Africa,  563.     See  Africa, 

Christiana. 
Bomba,  299,  365 
Bornou,  364,  374,  430 
Botany,  152,  355,  381,  474,  499,  500 
Bruce,  James,  life  and  travels  of,  120,  130, 

169,  438 
Byzantine  domination,  207 

Commercial  reports,  British,  296, 297,  298, 
311,  312,  313,  314,  324,  325,  335,  336, 


340,  341,  345,  377,  378,  379,  380,  384, 
385,  386,  387,  390,  391,  397,  398,  408, 
409,  424,  425,  447,  448,  449,  460,  461, 
462,  494,  495,  496,  535,  549,  558,  559, 
567,571 

Commercial  reports,  Dutch,  253 

,  Italian,  410,  463,  468, 

476,  485,  536 

Commerce  with  N.  Africa  in  Middle  Ages, 
562 

Consular  jurisdiction,  187 

rejwrts,  fee  Commercial  reports. 

Consulates,  French,  origin  of,  177 

Consuls,  establishment  of,  110 

Coerippus,  418 

Corpus  inscriptionum  Gra^carum,  203 

Cvrenaica,  171,  184, 185, 429,  438,  477,  491, 
'493,511,  557,565 

,  colonisation  of,  347,  531 

,  description  of,  38, 56,  92,  160, 161 

,  explorations   in,    120,    155,    156, 

159,  191 

-,  excavations  in,  288,  289,  310,  344, 


366 


pus. 


-,  excursions  in,  414 
,  Greeic  colonies,  189,  263 
-,  inhabitants  of,  342 
-,  inscriptions  from,  223.      See  Cor- 

•,  journey  in,  158 

-,  map  of,  358 

-,  measures  of,  107 

-,  plants  of,  see  Botany. 

-,  travels  in,  221,  222,  228,  258 


Cyreue,  429 

•,  account  of,  354 

,  Greek  colonies  of.  189,  263 

,  history  of,  100,  113,  165 

,  inscriptions  from,  153,    See  Corpus, 

,  ruins  of,  383 

,  visit  to,  81 

Cyrenian  pottery,  383,  431,  432,  464,  479. 

See  Panathenic. 
marbles,  289 

Dkcatur,  Commodore,  134,  149,  213 
Derm,  365,  478,  490,  492,  502,  505,  509, 
510,  529,  565 

,  medical  topography  of,  280 

,  plan  of,  565 

— -,  visit  to,  81 
Djalo,  350,  353 


610 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  TRIPOU  AND  THE  CYRENAICA. 


Djebel  Tripolitain,  416 

Djofra,  453 

Dolfijn,  corvette,  voyage  of,  178 

Earthquake,  520 

Eaton,  General,  129,  133,  164,  270,  486 

Ethnography,  301,  362 

Fezzan,  806,  443,  444,  504 
France,  policy  of,  in  Africa,  389 

Geology,  568 

Germany,  Emperor  sends  presents  to  Wadai, 

471 
Ghadames,  commerce  of,  282 

,  journey  to,  401,  417,  439 

,  mission  to,  304,  471 

,  Rohlfs  at,  321,  327,  334,  338 

Ghat,  465,  475 

Greek  colonies,  see  Cyrenaica. 

Greek  geographers,  96 

Hareborne,  Mr.,  42,  43,  44 
Herodotus,  geographical  system  of,  123 
Hesperides,  gaHen  of,  351 
Hydrography,  421,  422,  427,  458,  497,  526, 
527,  528,  540 

Inscriptions,  Greek,  see  Corpus. 

,  Latin,  487.       See  Cyrenaica, 

Septis  Tripoli. 

--,  Lybian,  382 


Italian  colonial  policy,  554 
Italians  at  Tripoli,  575,  579 
— — —  in  Cyrenaica,  538 

"  Jesus,"  capture  of  the,  37,  45,  46 

Jews,  524 

Johnnnide,  418 

Jupiter  Ammon,  84,  350 

Justinian,  wars  of,  55 

KUFRA.  451,  472,  516 
Kuka,  343,  370,  371 

Laing,  Major,  157,  167,  175,  176 

Lebda,  320 

Leptis  Magna,  186,  349 

,  inscriptions  from,  212 

Lethe,  351 

Lybia,  description  of,  204 

,  history  of,  98 

Marada,  158 
Marbles,  Cyrenian,  289 
Marmorica,  coast  of,  527 

-— ',  d'^scription  of,  56,  92 

,  journey  in,  158 

Medical  topography  of  Derna,  280 
Mediterranean,  memoir  on,  244 
Megalithic  monuments,  415 
Mesurata,  visit  to,  81 
Mircher,  Col.,  mission  of,  210 
Mohammedans,  see  Arabs. 
Mourzouk,  126,  127,  330 

Natron  found  in  Tripoli,  394 


Necrology  of  Africa,  394 
Nefousa,  281 
Numismatics,  273,  348,  570 

Panathenio  vase,  224 

Pedro  Navarro,  19,  20 

Pentapolis,  see  Cyrenaica. 

Pharsalia,  battle  of,  84 

Phoenician  navigation,  179 

Privilege  to  merchants  of  Barcelona,  21,  22 

Roman  administration,  see  Africa  under. 

Sadratha,  349 
Sahara,  character  of,  452 

y  commerce  of,  403,  483 

,  travels  in,  219,  220,  227,  233,  234, 

402,  404,  430,  439,  455 
Saharan  railway,  459 
Schubert,  murder  of,  316 
Secret  societies,  561 
Senoussi,  498,  541,  545,  561 
Sidi  Hassuna  D'Ghies,  175, 176 
Sidra,  Gulf  of,  456 
Silphium,  258 
Slavery,  white,  241 
Slave    trade    in    Tiipoli,    555.       S«e    also 

Treaties^ — ^Tripol  i. 
Soudan,  455,  459 

,  Egypt  and  Tripoli,  553 

— ,  routes  to,  569 
Sponge  fishery,  208 
Sulphur  mines,  208 
Syrtis,  emporiums  of,  482 

,  exploration  of,  421,  422,  482 

— ^-,  voyages  along,  392,  533 

Tibesti,  359,  360,  504 

Tibbu,  362 

Tidikelt,  332,  333,  338,  339 

Timbouktou,  389 

Tinn^,  Mademoiselle,  316,  359,  363,  395 

,  plans  of  her  ex}>edition, 

355 
Tobrouk,  365,  526,  527,  528,  532 
Toleimeta,  365 
Touaregs,  map,  484 

,  country  of,  257,  302 

— — -,  language  of,  214 

,  travels  amongst,  219 

Treaties  and  vizerial  orders,  British,  60,  64, 

78,  83,  103,  109,  131,  136,  137,  145,  218, 

236,  245,  252,  265,  346,  426 

,  French,  36,  40,  69,  85,  89,  125,  174 

,  Venetian,  15,  16,  17 

,  with  Arabs  in  Middle  Ages,  326 

Tripoli,  American  diplomacy  in,  237 
,  American  war  with,  122,  128,  129^ 

140,  164,  241 

,  ancient  sites  in,  279 

and  Assab,  546 

and  Cyrenaica,  map  of,  544 

and  Egypt,  548 

,  artistic,  507 

,  attack  on,  31,  32 

,  cities  of,  278 

,  commerce   of,  162,  514,  515,  518, 


INDEX  OF  StTBJECTS. 


611 


523,  525,  547,  577.    See  also  Commercial 

reports. 
Tripoli,  conquest  of,  215 

,  consular  jurisdiction  in,  388 

,  corsairs  of,  95 

,  defensive  power  of,  368 

,  description  of,  38,  52,  56,  58,  132, 

135,  138,  264,  276,  572,  676 

,  excursions  to,  261,  272,  277 

',  explorations  in,  120,  144,  146,  154, 


191,  389 

,  Florentine  relations  with,  303 

,  foundation  of,  34,  80,  81,  89 

'  granted  to  Knights  of  Rhodes,  23 

-,  history  of,  54,  101,  102,  106,  108, 


171,  172,  180,  240,  249 

,  inscnptions  from,  104,  105 

,  littoral  of,  323 

,  loss  of,  26,  26a 

,  mission  to.  111 

-,  naval  actions  with  gallejs  of,  30, 


67,  68,  77,  87 

,  notes  on,  271 

,  phenomena  at,  70 

-,  piracy,  139 


,  population  of,  564 

,  regency  of,  230,  231,  235,  412,  413, 

466,  467,  488,  498,  503,  504,  521,  522, 

539 
,  residence  in,  143 


Tripoli,  Roman  domination  in,  268 

,  slavery  in,  53,  70,  74,  76,  90,  117, 

241,  555.     See  also  Slavery. 

",  success  of  Catholic  armada  at,  29 

,  taken  by  Spaniards,  19,  20 

-,  taken  by  Turks,  25,  197 


Tripolitana,  552,  556,  560 
Tripoli  to  Alexandria,  369 

to  Lagos,  445,  446,  542 

,  travels  in,  367,  481 


-,  two  years  in,  407 
-,  tyranny  of  Romans  in,  189 
-,  views  of,  28,  33,  59,  61,  62,  65,  66, 


75,  78,  82,  86,  97,  115,  135 

-,  visit  to,  428,  512,  518b,  519,  550, 


551 

,  voyage  to,  393 

,  war  with,  49 

Turkish  empire,  defensive  power  of,  368 

f  history  of,  71 

Turks,  invasion  of  Tunis  from  Tripoli,  211 
Tuat,  329,  332,  833,  338,  339 

Vandals,  domination  of,  206 
— — ,  history  of,  183 
Vogel,  biography  of,  287 

,  murder  of,  315 
,  search  for,  300,  317 

Wadai,  225,  376,  434,  474. 


612 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  TRIPOLI  AND  THE  CYRENAICA. 


INDEX  OF  AUTHORS. 


N.B. — ^The  figures  in  this  Index  refer  to  the  Numbers  of  the  entries  in  the  Bibliographj. 


A  A,  Pierre  Van  der,  82 

Abbassi,  Ali  Bev  el,  135 

Abu  '1  Feda,  Isiinael,  13c,  190,  194,  199 

Ali  Bey  el  Abbassi,  135 

Amari,  303 

Anderson,  Adam,  110 

Antoninus  Augustus,  7,  94,  216 

Ascherson,  P.,  474,  500 

Aufrere,  Anthony,  146 

Avezac,  A.  P.  d',  181,  182,  204 

Ayuso,  D.  F.  G.,  445,  446 

Bainier,  P.,  412 
Barth,  E.,  423 

,  H.,  226,  251,  256,  257,  327 

Bary,  Dr.  Edwin    von,  415,  416,  419-420, 

465 
Beech ey.  Captain  F.  W.,  and  H.  W.  Beechey, 

166 
Belin,  M.,  356 
Belley,  L*Abbe,  113 
Berbrugcjer,  A.,  2G8 
Bertelli,'F.,  33 

Bettoli,  Parmenio,  507,  508,  518 
Beule,  M..  344,  383,  431,  433 
Birago  Avogadro,  Dr.  0.,  54 
Bisson,  L<^on  de,  481 
Blaqui&re,  Edward,  132 
Bocking,  Edwardus,  192 
Bodenehr,  0.,  97 
Boeckh,  Aug.,  203 
Bompois,  Ferdinand,  348 
Bonola,  Fredrico,  430 
Borg,  Antonio,  115 
Borsari  Ferdinando,  578 
Bossi^rc,  Gustave,  441 
Bottiglia,  Cai)tain  G.,  476,  489,  506 
Bourvillc,  J.  Vattier  de,  221,  229 
Brine,  Lindesav,  342 
Broadley,  A.  M.,  498,  572 
Bruce,  James,  120 
Brunei  de  Presle,  M.,  432 
Brunialtl,  Dr.  Attilio,  488,  546,  554 
Buonfanti,  542,  543 

Camperio,  Captain  M.,  466,  477,  501,  544 

' . — -,  and  Dr.  Schweinfurth, 

553 
Carreli^res,  Th.  de,  31 
Cellarius,  Christophorus,  92 
Charmes,  Gabriel,  519 


Chaulmer,  56 

Chaunebot,  A.,  347 

Chavanne,  Dr.  Josef,  457 

Cherbonneau,  A.,  238,  483 

Cirni,  Ant.  Fr.,  29 

Clapperton,  Captain  H.,  Major  Denham,  and 

the  late  Dr.  Oudney,  154 
Condamine,  de  la,  9 1 
Corbetta,  Dr.  C,  534 
Cosson,  E.,  381 
Cuny,  C,  127 
Cyrfene,  354 

Dan,  Rev.  P.  F.,  53 

Dapper,  0.,  62 

D*Arvieux,  Le  Chevalier,  95 

Daveaux,  J.,  414 

De  Champlouis,  M.  Nau,  308 

Delaporte,  J.  D.,  186 

Delia  Cella,  Paolo,  146 

Denham,  Major,  Captain  H.  Gapperton,  and 

the  late  Dr.  Oudney,  154 
Dennis,  Vice-Consul  G.,  325,  335,  341,  366 
De  Tremaux,  Vice-Consul,  297,  313 
Dinomd,  Abb^,  247 
Doumaux-DuiK*re,  Norbert,  389 
Drude,  Dr.  Oscar,  499 
Drummond-Hay,    Consul-General    F.,    336, 

340,  345,  377-379,  384-386,  390,  397- 

408,  424,  447,  449,  460,  494,  495,  535, 

549,  558,  567,  571 
Dumg^,  Dr.  C.  G.,  142 
Dupuis,  Consul,  461,  496    , 
Duveyrier,  Henri,  271,  302,  394,  520,  541 

Eaton,  William,  128,  133 

El-Ikkri,  13,  267 

El-Edrisi,  13a 

El-Hakim,  Abd-er- Rahman  ibn,  215 

Elisyeer,  A.  V.,  557a 

El-Ya'goubi,  274,  275 

En-Noweiri,  136,  215 

Estournelles  de  Constant,  P.  d',  561 

Ewald,  C.  F.,  188 

Falbe,  C.  T.,  273 
K^raud,  L.  Charles,  440,  521 
Ferdinand  of  Arragon,  20 
Fontpertuis,  Ad.  F.  de,  504 
Fournel,  Henri,  400 

,  M.  J.  H.,  259,  260 

,  Marc,  569 


INDEX  OF  AUTHORS. 


613 


Franzios,  Joannes,  203 

FnSret,  Nicolas,  105,  107 

Fresnel,  F.,  212,  225 

Frennd,  Dr.  G.  A.,  533 

* 

Garcin,  I.,  547 

Gay,  Jean,  399 

Gibbon,  Edward,  189 

Godefroy,  Pfere,  90 

— ■ ,  Comelin  et  Philemon  de  la 

Motte,  76 
Gorringe,  H.  H.,  480 
,    Lieutenant-Commander    H.,    and 

Lieut.  Seaton  Schroeder,  458 
Gottschick,  A.  F.,  263 
Gr&berg  da  HemsQ,  Count  J.  C,  157,  162, 

173 
Grad,  Charles,  300,  317 
Greenhow,  Robert,  180 
Gurich,  Dr.,  568 
Guys,  Charles  Edonard,  299 

Haihann,  Commandant,  511,  565 

,  Commander,  and  S.  Pastore,  490 

Hakluyt,  Rev.  Richard,  41-46 
Halery,  Jos.,  382 
Hamaker,  H.  A.,  153 
Hamilton,  James,  255 
Hardion,  M.,  100 
Harris,  John,  79 
Harrison,  Commodore  T.,  HI 
Hassenstein,  B.,  333 

' ,  und  A.  Petermann,  306 

Haukal,  Ibn,  124 
Head,  Barclav  V.,  570 

y  Major  F.  B.,  169 

Headley,  J.  T.,  270 

Hebenstreit,  J.  E.,  93,  116 

Heine,  Wilhelm,  272 

Henderson,  Vice-Consul,  380,  387,  391,  398, 

409,  425,  448 
Herman,  Consul-General,  298,  314 
Herodotus,  1 
Hoefer,  Dr.  F.,  235 
Holcroft,  Sir  Henry,  55 
Hollar,  W.,  65 
Homeman,  Frederick,  126 
Hunt,  Gilbert  T.,  140 
Hutton,  Catherine,  150 

Ibn  Batuta,  14,  239 

Ibn-el  Atair,  215 

Ibn-Hankal,  12,  124 

Ibn  Khaldun,  18 

Ismail  ibn  Ali,  118,  119,  121 

Isodorus  of  Hispalis,  1 1 

Jameson,  Prof.,  James  Wilson  and  Hugh 

Murray,  170 
Janson,  W.,  138 
Jaubert,  Am^de,  185 
Jomard,  151,  227,  228 
Jones,  Consul,  462 
Junker,  P.  S.,  179 
Juynboll,  T.  and  A.,  275 


Kanitz,  a.,  355 

Kars,  Dr.  C.  M.,  and  Professor  P.  J.  Veth,  411 

Khnldoun,  Abou  Zeid  Abd-er-Rahman  Ibu- 

Mohammed  Ibn-,  215 
KnoUes,  Richard,  48,  71 
Krafft-KrafiYshagen,     Alexander     Freiherm 

von,  276-278 
Kraus,  Dr.,  475 
Krause,  G,  A.,  444 
Kunth,  A.,  334 

Laino,  ^Injor  Gordon,  167 

I^nier,  L.,  539 

Largeau,  V.,  401-404,  439 

Laugier  dc  Tassy,  N.,  88 

Lee,  Samuel,  168 

Lemay,  G.,  525 

Lenormant,  Ch.,  224 

Leo  Africanus,  27 

Letronne,  J.  A.,  155,  222,  223 

Leyden,  John,  and  Hugh  Murray,  144 

Lindberg,  J.  C,  273 

Longo,  Pastore  P.,  545,  552 

Louis-Salvador,  Archduke,  392 

Lucas,  Paul,  81 

Lupi,  556 

Lyman,  Theodore,  164 

Lyon,  Captain  G.  F.,  147 

MacCarthy,  0.,  220 

Macd,  Ant.  P.  Laur.,  258 

Marcelli,  S.  A.,  141  r    i 

Mackenzie,  Alexander  Slidell,  213 

Mala,  Petro,  51 

Malte-Brun,  V.  A.,  156,  254 

Maltzan,  Heinrich  Kreiherr  von,  367 

Mamoli,  P.,  478,  491,  492,  502,  505,  509, 

510,  529-532 
Mannert,  Konrad,  201 
Marbeau,  Edouard,  579 
Marcellinus,  Ammianus,  39 
Marcus,  Louis,  183 
Margolle  et  Zurcher,  MM.,  363 
Marmol-Caravajal,  L.,  35 
Mas  Latrie,  Comte  L.  de,  309,  326,  562,  563 
Mauprix,  C.  de,  574 
Mela,  Pomponius,  4,  24 
Melon,  Paul,  550 
Mercier,  Ernest,  406 
Mircher,  Colonel,  304 
Monro,  Dr.  Alexander,  112 
Mouchez,  Admiral  £.,  421,  422 
Muller,  L,  273 
Murray,  Alexander,  130 

• ,  Hugh,  and  John  Leyden,  144 

, ,   James    Wilson,    and    Prof. 

Jameson,  170 

N.  N.,  503 

Nachtigal,  Dr.,  359-362,  370-376,  434,  443, 

455 
Nauze,  M.  de  la,  104 
Nicolas  de  Nicolai,  34 
Niles,  John  M.,  149 

Ogilby,  John,  63 
Orenz,  K.,  262 


614 


A  BIBUOGRAPHr  OF  TRIPOU  AND  THE  CYRENAICA. 


Ondney,  Dr.,  the  late.  Major  Denliaiii,  snd 
Captain  Clapperton,  154 

PACHdy  Raymond,  15a-161 

Paladini,  Leone,  459 

Pasqoa,  Dr.,  471 

Pa^tore,  S.,  and  Commandor  Halmann,  490 

Paulitschke,  Dr.  Philippe,  518a 

Paulus  Arosius,  9 

Pellissier  de  Reynaud,  £.,  249 

Perk,  M.  A.,  407 

Perrond,  CI.,  482 

Petermann,  A.,  und  B.  Hasaenfttein,  306 

,  Angustua,  243,  318 

Pezaut,  A.,  146 

Piesse,  L.,  551 

Playfair,  Sir  Lambert,  438,  497 

Pliny,  5,  248 

Pomponias  Mela,  4,  24 

Porcher,  Commander  £.  A.,  and  Captain  R. 

Murdoch  Smith,  310 
Posthumns,  N.  W.,  395 
Pouqaerille,  177 

Prax,  Lieut,  de  Vaisseau,  230,  231 
Primaudaie,  Elie  de  la,  323 
Procopiua  of  Cssarea,  10,  55 
Ptolemy,  6 

Puchstein,  0.,  464,  479 
Purchas,  Samuel,  50,  52 

Rae,  Edward,  428 

Rawlinson,  George,  266 

,  Sir  Henry,  266 

Reade,  Vice-Consul,  296,  311,  312 

Reclus,  Elis^,  560 

Reinaud,  M.,  194 

Rennel,  Major  James,  123 

Richard,  P.  L.,  484 

Richardson,  James,  214,  219,  233,  242 

Ritter,  Karl,  184 

Rizetto,  R.,  522,  523 

Rohlfs,  Gerhard,  319-322,  328-332,  337- 
339,  343,  349-353,  357,  358,  369,  396, 
405,  417,  435-437,  442,  450-454,  467, 
472,  473,  516,  517,  524,  564 

Rossoni,  468-470 

Rotalier,  Ch.  de,  197 

Rousseau,  Alphonse,  240,  307 

Rowe,  Nicholas,  84 

Russell,  Rt.  Rev.  M.,  171,  172 

Saint-Martin,  Vivien  de,  293,  305 
Salazar  y  Murdones,  P.,  26 
Sanders,  Thomas,  37,  45 
Sanson,  Nicolas,  58 
Sanudo,  Marino,  19 
Sanuto,  M.  Livio,  38 
Schauenberg,  Dr.  E.,  269 
Schenkii,  P.,  78 
Schloezer,  Auguat  Ludwig  von,  114 


Schroeder,  Lieut.  Seaton,  and  Ueatw-Gom- 

mander  H.  Gorringe,  458 
Schweiger-Lerchenfeld,  A.  von,  512,  548 
Schweinfurth,  Dr.,  and  Captain  Camperio, 

553 

,  — .  G.,  527,  528 

Scylax  of  Caryanda,  2 

Segni,  P.  Philippe  de,  364 

Seller,  John,  66 

Sevestre,  H.,  393 

Shaw,  Thomas,  96 

Shereef  Mohamed  Hassuna  D^Ghies,  176 

Skippen,  E.,  486 

Slane,  Baron  MacGuckin  de,  194,  196,  200, 

210,211,215,267 
Smith,  Captain  R.  Murdoch,  and  Commander 

E.  A.  Porcher,  310 
Smyth,  William  Henry,  244 
Solinus,  Polyhistor,  8 
Splaine,  J.  F.,  5186 
Sprenger,  Aloys,  315,  316 
Strabo,  3.  202 
Subtil,  £.,  208,  209 
Sumner,  Charles,  241 

Talma,  A.,  178 

Tassy,  N.  Laugier  de,  88 

Tauxier,  H.,  294,  301 

,  L.,  418 

Ternaux^>Compan8,  H.,  198 
Testa,  £.,  234,  253 

,  J.  F.,  573 

Thrige,  J.  P.,  165 
Tissot,  Charles,  540 
Tollot,  Le  Sieur,  99 
Tonsis,  Battistino  de,  49 
Tully,  Richard,  143 

Ulloa,  Alphonso  de,  32 

Van  der  Aa,  Pierre,  82 

Veth,  Professor  P.  J.,  and  Dr.  C.  M.  Kars, 

411 
Villegagnon,  Nicolas  Durand  de,  26a 
Viviani,  D.,  152 
Vogel,  Dr.  Eduard,  250 

Waille,  Victor,  537-538 

Walkenaer,  Baron  C.  A.,  148-191 

Walker,  Consul-General,  324 

Wiet,  E.,  365 

Wilkinson,  Sir  J.  G.,  266 

Wilmanns,  Gustavus,  487 

Wilson,   James,   Prof.   Jameson,  and   Hugh 

Murray,  170 
Wood,  Consul,  559 

Zanoski,  Jean,  205-207 
Zurcher  et  Margolle,  MM.,  363 


HUDSON'S  BAY  AND  STRAIT. 

By  Coramodore  A.  H.  Mareham,  r.n. 


HUDSON'S  BAY  AND  STKAIT. 

By  Commodore  A.  H.  Mabkham,  r.n.* 

The  question  of  the  practiciibility  of  navigating  Hudson's  Strait  in 
safety  during  a  certain  period  of  the  year,  has  lately  excited  much 
interest,  and  has  occupied  a  good  deal  of  public  attention  on  both  sides 
of  the  Atlantic  for  reasons  apart  from  geography.  At  the  same  time  it 
is  a  question  of  considerable  geographical  importance,  especially  when 
considered  in  connection  with  the  movements  of  the  ice  in  that  region. 

The  reason  that  attention  has  recently  been  drawn  to  this  out-of-the- 
way,  and  somewhat  dreary,  locality  is,  in  a  great  measure,  due  to  the 
fact  that  a  scheme  has  been  recently  started,  having  for  its  object  the 
construction  of  a  railroad  that  would  connect  Winnipeg,  and  other  im- 
portant towns  on  the  line  of  the  Canada  and  Pacific  Eailroad,  with  some 
harbour  on  the  shores  of  Hudson's  Bay. 

The  inhabitants  of  the  North- West  are  naturally  desirous  of  pos- 
sessing a  seaport  which  they  can  call  their  own,  situated  nearer  to  their 
cattle-raising  and  grain-producing  districts,  than  either  Montreal  or  New 
York,  to  which  ports  all  the  produce  of  Manitoba  and  the  North- West 
have  hitherto  had  to  be  shipped  for  transportation  to  Europe.  The  only 
way  by  which  this  desire  can  be  attained  and  their  hopes  fulfilled  is  by 
the  creation  of  a  seaport  somewhere  on  the  shores  of  the  west  coast  of 
Hudson's  Bay,  connected  by  rail  with  Winnipeg,  or  some  other  large 
commercial  emporium  in  Manitoba.  This  would  give  an  outlet  to  the 
rapidly  growing  trade  of  the  North- West,  and  would  fill  a  want  that 
has  long  been  felt,  and  which  is  now  pressing  harder  than  ever  on  the 
residents  of  that  great  expanse  of  country  situated  in  Canada,  to  the 
eastward  of  the  Eocky  Mountains. 

I  do  not,  however,  in  this  paper,  propose  to  discuss  either  the 
desirability,  or  the  practicability,  of  constructing  a  railroad  such  as  is 
suggested,  but  simply  to  write  a  brief  history  of  what  has  already  been 
achieved  of  geographical  interest  in  Hudson's  Strait  and  Bay,  in  view  of 
the  possibility  of  the  route  being  sooner,  or  later,  opened  to  commerce. 

I  experienced  so  much  difficulty  myself  in  obtaining  information 
regarding  these  regions,  and  had  to  hunt  up  and  refer  to  so  many  books 

*  An  abstriict  of  this  paper  was  read  before  the  Society  at  the  Evening  Meeting, 
Juno  11th,  1888,  and  published,  with  the  discussion  which  followed,  and  a  map  in 
illustration,  in  'Proceedings  R.G.S.,'  1888,  pp.  549  et  s€q.—{Ei>.'\ 


618  HUDSON'S  BAY  AND  STRAIT. 

on  the  Buljject,  that  I  cousidered  an  account  written  for  onr  Society, 
in  a  somewhat  condeused  form,  would  prove  tieeful  and  of  interest  to 
the  Fellows,  anil  also  to  others,  who  may  be  desirous  of  becoming 
acquainted  with  a  part  of  the  worM  which  may  at  no  distant  date 
beoome  of  considerable  commercial  and  geographical  iraportanca. 

The  knowledge  1  have  acqnirod  <>f  these  regions  has  been  gained  by 
a  carefnl  study  of  the  writings  of  our  old  navigators,  and  also  of  more 
recent  reports,  and  this  has  been  supplemented  by  the  experience  I 
gaiiied  during  a  voyage  I  made  in  the  summer  of  1886.  in  the  Alert, 
through  Hudson's  Strait  to  York  Factory,  on  the  western  shore  of 
Hudson's  Bay. 

Hudson's  Ba}',  or,  as  it  has  not  been  inaptly  termed,  the  Heditei^ 
raneau  Sea  of  North  America,  is  a  large  inland  sea,  situated  between  the 
parallels  of  51''  and  64°  N,  lat.,  therefore  well  outside  the  Arotio  zune, 
and  between  the  meridiuua  of  78"  and  fo'  W.  long.  It  is  about  900 
miles  in  length  from  north  to  south,  some  600  miles  in  breadth,  and 
covering  an  area  of  something  like  500,000  square  miles. 

Hudson's  Bay  is  reported  to  l>e  remarkably  free  from  rocks  and 
shoals,  and  it  has  an  average  depth  of  about  TO  fathoms.  So  uniform  are 
the  soundings  that  our  accomplished  associale,  Dr.  Bell,  of  the  Geological 
Survey  of  Canada,  in  a  paper  which  he  communicated  to  our  Society  in 
October  1881  on  the  commercial  importance  of  Hudson's  Bay,  had  no 
hesitation  in  saying,  that  if,  through  ayy  convulsion  oF  nature,  this 
vast  basin  was  to  be  drained  of  its  water,  we  should  find  "an  immense 
plateau  similar  to  the  prairies  of  the  west." 

I  would  here  observe  that  there  are  few  authorities  on  this  subject, 
whose  opinions  should  be  received  with  greater  respect  than  those  of 
Dr.  Bell,  who  has  devoted  many  years  of  his  life  to  the  explorati^'u  of 
Hudson's  Bay,   and    whose  knowledge    and   experience   regarding 
physical  geography  and  geology  of  that  part  of  the  world  are  so 
knovra, 

The  same  authority  states  that  storms  in  the  bay  are  very  rare, 
by  no  means  formidable ;  that  icebergs  are  never  seen,  and  that  fogB, 
the  most  dreaded  enemy  with  which  a  sailor  has  to  contend,  are  ot  rare 
occurrence,  and  of  but  short  duration. 

The  climate  of  the  shores   of  Hudson's  Bay  during  the  summer 
months  is  mild  and  genial,  and  many  European  vegetables,  auoh 
potatoes,  lettuce,  beet-root,  and  onions,  are  grown  in  the  open  sir. 
winters  are,  however,  very  severe  ;  and  the  whole  country,  covered 
snowy  mantle,  has  then  to  yield  to,   and  acknowledge  the  power 
King  Frost. 

It  is  asserted  that  the  temperature  of  the  water  in  Hudson's  Bay 
no  less  than  14  degrees  higher  than  the  water  of  Lake  Superior,  and, 
support  of  this  assertion,  Lieut.  Gordon  (who  was  sent  by  the  Cauadiait 
Government    in   command    of   the    recent  expeditions  despatched 
Hudson's  Bay  for  the  purpose  of  reporting  on  its  feasibility  aa  a 


,  and  1 

fogB, 

rare 

imer 

h  aa 

I 


HUDSON'S  BAY  AND  STRAIT.  619 

meroial  ocean  route)  writes,  in  his  first  official  despatch*  that  "  Hudson's 
Bay  may,  therefore,  be  regarded  as  a  vast  basin  of  comparatively  warm 
water,  the  eflfect  of  which  must  be  to  considerably  ameliorate  the 
winter  climate  to  the  south  and  east  of  it." 

The  principal  and,  so  far  as  we  know  at  present,  the  only  practicable 
approach  to  Hudson's  Bay  in  a  ship  is  through  Hudson's  Strait — a  deep 
channel  about  500  miles  in  length,  which  separates  Labrador  from  the 
islands  of  Arctic  America.  The  Strait  has  an  average  breadth  of  about 
100  miles,  but  the  width  in  the  narrowest  part  of  the  channel  is  not  more 
than  45  miles.  The  soundings  in  the  Strait  vary  from  150  to  300  fathoms, 
€md  it  is  wonderfully  free  from  shoals  or  rocks,  or  any  other  obstacles 
that  would  tend  to  make  the  navigation  of  a  narrow  channel  more  than 
ordinarily  dangerous. 

Although  Henry  Hudson  has  the  reputation  of,  and  is  generally 
accredited  to  be,  the  discoverer  of  the  Strait  and  Bay  that  bear  his 
name,  it  is  by  no  means  certain  that  this  claim  can  be  substantiated. 
On  the  contrary,  it  is  more  than  probable— and  it  is  a  probability 
amounting  almost  to  a  certainty — that  the  credit  of  this  discovery  is 
really  due  to  earlier  navigators. 

It  is  well  known  that  Sebastian  Cabot  made  two  voyages  across 
the  Atlantic,  with  the  object  of  discovering  a  north-west  passage  to  what 
was  then  called  the  South  Sea.  The  first  of  these  voyages  was  made  in 
the  year  1498,  and  the  other  in  1516. 

During  one  of  them,  though  it  is  not  known  which,  it  is  almost 
certain  that  not  only  the  Strait  that  now  bears  the  name  of  Hudson 
was  discovered,  but  also  another  Strait — that  wider  and  broader  expanse 
of  water,  which  was  subsequently  named  after  another  of  our  sea 
worthies,  the  brave  and  skilful  navigator,  John  Davis. 

My  authority  for  this  assumption  is  the  fact  that  on  Cabot's  plani- 
sphere of  1544  (which  is  now  in  the  Paris  library),  the  west  coast  of 
Davis's  Strait,  is  fairly  accurately  delineated  as  far  north  as  latitude 
67^  30',  and  an  opening,  corresponding  to  the  entrance  of  Hudson's 
Strait,  is  also  shown  as  existing  between  the  61st  and  64th  parallels  of 
latitude,  and  in  about  the  60th  meridian  of  west  longitude  from  Green- 
wich. This  is  almost  the  exact  position  of  ihe  Strait ;  if,  therefore,  it 
was  only  set  down  on  the  planisphere  at  haphazard,  it  must  be  regarded 
as  a  very  curious  coincidence,  and  a  wonderful  piece  of  prophetic  geo- 
graphical inspiration. 

I  cannot,  however,  help  thinking  that  its  position  on  the  planisphere, 
is  very  conclusive  evidence  that  the  Strait  was  actually  known  to  the 
geographers  of  the  16th  century,  a  hundred  years  before  Henry  Hudson 
rediscovered  it. 

The  Portuguese  also,  and  with  a  great  deal  of  justice,  may  fairly 
establish  a  claim,  if  not  to  the  actual  discovery  of  the  Strait,  at  any  rate 
to  a  knowledge  of  its  existence,  half  a  century  prior  to  the  sailing  of 
Hudson  on  his  last  memorable  and  fatal  voyage;   for  on  maps  which 


620  IICDSO.N-S  BAT  AND  STRAIT. 

are  still  in  exiatenco,  and  wLich  Irear  tlie  date  of  1538,  the  Strut,  1i 
to  a  broad  expanse  of  water  to  the  westward,  is  clearly  shown. 

As  additional  evidence  in  anpport  of  what  I  am  now  advaucing, 
may  mention  that  a  fair  delineation  of  the  coast  line  of  Hudson's  Bay  is 
shown  on  the  mapofOrtelius,  which  was  published  in  1571),  which  proves 
that  its  existence  was  then  known,  thongh  by  whom  discovered  I  have 
not  been  able  to  ascertain. 

When  Martin  Fi-obisher  sailed  to  the  north-west  in  157G,  for 
purpose  of  disGoveriog  a  short  route  lo  India,  ho  sought  for  a  ctai 
that  was  indicated  on  the  chart  with  which  he  was  supplied,  aud  which!!" 
he  thought,  woidd  lead  him  to  the  Soath  Sea.  This  inlet,  with  which 
his  name  is  now  associated,  ho  actually  found  in  latitude  C'i",  and  sailed 
iip  it  fur  a  distance  of  aboot  200  miles,  when  his  further  progress  was 
arrested  by  ice. 

In  the  following  year  Frobisher  entered  another  strait,  between  the 
jmrallels  of  60"  and  C2° ;  but  as  his  instructions  were  somewhat  stringent, 
confining  him  to  the  discovery  of  gold,  and  did  not  admit  of  his  prose- 
cuting a  search  for  the  north-west  passage,  however  favourable  appeared 
the  prospects  of  success,  ho  did  not  avail  himself  of  the  chance  affoi 
him  of  eiploring  what  was  undoubtedly  Hudson's  Strait. 

That  able  and  accomplished  navigator,  John  Davis,  must  also  bai 
had  a  knowledge  of  the  existence  of  the  Strait  five  and  twenty  ye«i 
before  Hudson  entered  it ;  for  we  are  told  that  during  bis  third  voyi^gG 
lor  the  discovery  of  a  north-west  passage,  in  1587,  after  making  nume- 
rous discoveries  to  the  northward,  ho  steered  in  a  southerly  direction, 
and  discovered  and  named  Cape  Chidley  (or  Chudloigb),  the  headland 
forming  the  south  point  at  the  eastern  entrance  to  the  Strait;  and. 
if  I  am  not  much  mistaken,  he  also  discovered  and  landed  on  ftesolution 
Island,  the  name  subsequently  given  (but  on  whose  aulhority  I 
Ignorant — probably  Sir  Thomas  Bnttun's)  to  the  island  that  forms 
north  point  of  the  mouth  of  the  Strait.     Capo  Chidley,  I   may  hei 
mention,  was  named  after  Mr.  John  Chudleigh,  of  Chudleigh,  one  of  the 
principal  promoters  and  supportoi-s  of  the  expedition  entrusted  to  the 
command  of  John  Davia,  whoso  name  was  often  spelt  Chidley,  and  who 
subsequently  died  in  the  Strait  of  Magellan  whilst  on  a  voyaga 
had  for  its  object  the  circumnavigation  of  (be  globe. 

During  the  same  voyage,  Davifi,  on  his  return  from  tho  high  Utitui 
which  ho  reached  on  the  west  coast  of  Greenland,  was  off  the  entrance' 
to  Hudson's  Strait  on  the  1st  of  August.  The  circumstanco  is  thus 
alluded  to  in  his  report : — "  Which  inlet  or  gulfo  this  afternoone,  and 
in  the  night,  we  passed  over:  where  to  onr  great  adiniratioo  we  saw  the 
tea  falling  down  into  the  gulfo  with  a  mighty  overfal  and  roring,  and 
with  divers  circular  motions  like  wliirlepooles,  in  such  sort  as  forcible 
streauics  passe  throw  tho  arches  of  bridges." 

Again   in    the  year    100!;,    Captain    Georgo  Waymouth, 


Mrea 

i^ge 
ime- 
tion, 
laud 
and, 
ution 

;^ 

hera^^H 
fthe  I 

1  the 
I  who J 

>th^^H 

titudl^H 
Iranca  | 


:  as  forcible  J 

who    wi^^^^l 


HUDSON'S  BAY  AND  STRAIT.  621 

employed  by  the  Worshipfall  Merchants  of  London  trading  into  the  East 
Indies,  in  an  attempt  to  discover  a  north-west  passage  to  India,  in  re- 
porting the  result  of  his  voyage,  states  that  he  entered  an  inlet  in  latitude 
61^  4(y,  which  he  represents  as  being  40  leagues  broad,  and  up  which, 
he  asserts,  he  sailed  a  distance  of  100  leagues.  This  inlet»  from  the 
position  assigned  to  it  by  Waymouth,  could  have  been  no  other  than 
the  one  that  is  now  known  as  Hudson's  Strait. 

I  think  I  have  brought  forward  sufficient  evidence,  and  of  a  more  or 
less  authentic  and  reliable  nature,  to  show  that  the  Strait  was,  with- 
out doubt,  known,  although  perhaps  not  explored,  prior  to  the  departure 
from  England  of  the  expedition  commanded  by  Henry  Hudson,  and  which 
sailed  in  1610.  And  I  think  we  may  safely  infer,  that  this  very  know- 
ledge of  its  existence,  was  the  inducement  that  led  Hudson  to  attempt 
further  exploration  in  that  direction — feeling  assured,  as  in  all  pro- 
bability he  did,  that  the  opening  in  question  offered  the  most  likely 
chance  of  a  successful  issue  to  his  undertaking,  namely,  a  navigable 
passage  to  the  South  Sea. 

In  thus  bringing  forward  the  supposed  claims  of  discovery  of  pre- 
vious navigators,  it  is  far  from  my  intention  to  detract  from  the  credit 
which  is  undoubtedly  due  to  Henry  Hudson.  I  am  only  desirous  of 
pointing  out  that  he  was,  in  reality,  guided  to  his  discoveries  by  the 
beacons  established  by  those  who  had  preceded  him;  or,  in  the  words 
of  that  quaint  writer,  and  enterprising  seaman.  Captain  Luke  Fox  (who 
subsequently  commanded  an  expedition  into  Hudson's  Bay),  who,  in 
writing  of  Captain  Waymouth,  says : — •*  these  two,  Davis  and  he  [Way- 
mouth]  did,  I  conceive,  light  Hudson  into  his  Straights." 

As  the  men  I  have  enumerated  were  before  Hudson  in  the  Strait  and 
Bay  that  now  bear  his  name,  so,  also,  were  others  before  him  in  the 
river  named  after  him,  and  with  the  discovery  of  which  he  is  generally 
accredited. 

As  far  back  as  the  year  1524,  Yerazzano,  an  Italian,  was  entrusted 
by  Francis  I.  of  France  with  a  small  squadron  of  ships,  with  directions 
to  reach  Cathay  by  the  north-west.  Whilst  engaged  in  searching  for  a 
passage,  Yerazzano  reached  the  mouth  of  what  is  now  called  Hudson 
river,  and  entered  the  harbour,  on  the  banks  of  which  is  now  situated 
the  commercial  capital  of  the  United  States  of  America.  He  was  much 
impressed  with  its  capacity,  natural  advantages,  and  the  extreme  loveli- 
ness of  the  scenery.  A  sudden  and  violent  squall,  however,  compelled 
bim  to  take  a  hasty  departure,  and  he  was  thus  prevented  from  making 
further  exploration  in  that  direction. 

During  the  same  year,  a  Portuguese  pilot,  named  Estevan  Gomez,  was 
employed  by  the  King  of  Portugal  in  endeavouring  to  discover  a  short 
route  to  the  Spice  Islands  by  the  north-west,  and,  whilst  so  engaged,  is 
reputed  to  have  also  sailed  into  the  Hudson  river ;  but  the  reports  of  this 
expedition  are  so  vague  and  conflicting,  that  but  little  credence  can  bo 

VOL.  n.  2  8 


099  HCDSOH'S  BAY  AND  STRAIT. 

placed  in  them.     I  have,  however,  consiileroil  it  desirable  to  make  a  brief 
allueioB  to  them  here. 

Althongh  the  name  of  Henry  Hudson  is  mvariahly  associated  with 
that  of  a  skilful  and  adventurous  Arctic  explorer,  and  although  he  is 
known  to  fame  aa  a  great  discoverer  of  untnowo  legiona,  still  the  whole 
period  of  his  known  life  extends  only  over  a  little  more  than  four  years, 
viz.:  from  April  1G07  (prior  to  which  he  is  absolutely  unknown  to 
history)  until  June  ICll,  when  he  was  treacherouEly  cast  adrift  on  the 
scene  of  his  explorations,  by  his  mutinous  and  cowardly  crow.  Yet  in 
that  brief  period,  although  unEUCcessful  in  the  achievement  of  the  special 
work  which  ho  had  undertaken  to  accomplish,  namely,  the  discovery  of 
passages  to  India  by  the  north-east,  by  the  north'Wcst,  and  even  acroBS 
the  North  Folo  itself,  he  has  left  a  name  which  will  always  occupy  a 
foremost  place  in  that  list  of  naval  worthies  who  have  doue  so  much  to 
promote  the  maritime  supremacy  of  this  oounlry,  by  their  heroic  courage, 
their  dauntless  energy,  and  their  skill  and  ability  as  seamen. 

I  fully  endorse  the  i-emarks  of  the  talented  editor  of  '  Voyages 
towards  the  North- West,'  published  by  the  Hakluyt  Society,  and  which, 
perhaps,  I  may  be  pardoned  for  quoting  here.  He  writes :  "  Yet  Henry 
Hudson's  name  is  not  forgotten.  It  is  borne  by  his  Strait,  and  by  the 
Bay  in  which  he  wintered  and  died.  It  is  inscribed  on  the  vast  territory 
between  the  Bay  and  the  Pacific  Ocean.  It  is  affectionately  remembered 
by  the  millions  of  human  belnga  now  living  on  those  banks  which  he 
found  scantily  inhabited  by  savage  races.  Nor  have  his  labours  been 
fruitless.  He  has  given  to  his  own  country  the  fisheries  of  Spitsbergen, 
and  the  fur  trade  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Territories,  The  Dutch  owed  to 
him  their  North  American  colony,  which  has,  afterwards,  fallen  into 
English  hands,  and  is  now  peopled  and  ruled  over  by  the  united 
descendants  of  both  nations, 

"  Thus,  in  spite  of  his  failures,  Hudson  has  created  himself  a  far 
prouder  monument  than  he  would  have  dared  to  hope  for.  These 
successes  may  well  be  held  out  as  an  encouragement  to  those  who,  like 
him,  labour  earnestly  and  steadfastly  in  some  great  cause  that  may  seem 
hopeless.  Such  labour  is  never  cast  away,  if  only  they,  like  Heniy 
Hudson,  presciibe  to  themselvea  the  rule,  To  achieve  what  they  hai 
undertaken,  or  else,  to  use  hia  own  words, '  to  give  reason  wherefore 
will  not  be.'" 

It  was  in  consequence  of  the  reputation  and  experience  that  HadsOB 
had  obtained  as  a  skilful  seaman,  and  an  intrepid  Arctic  navigator, 
during  tho  three  voyages  ho  had  mado  to  the  northern  regions,  that  he 
was  selected  in  1610  for  the  command  of  the  Ditcovery,  which  had  been 
fitted  out  and  equipped — chiefly  at  tho  expense  of  Sir  Dudley  Digges, 
Sir  Thomas  Smith,  Mr.  John  Wolstenholnie,  and  a  few  other  gentlemen 
— for  the  purpose  of  attempting  tho  discovery  of  a  north-west  passage. 

All  that  was  then  known  of  Hudson  was  that  in  the  year  1607  hs 


,ry 


HUDSON'S  BAT  AND  STRAIT.  S23 

tnade  a  bold  and  daring  attempt  to  reach  India  by  sailing  across  the  North 
Pole.  His  vessel,  the  little  HopeweU^  is  described  as  a  cockboat  of  about 
50  tons,  and  his  crew  consisted  of  ten  men,  besides  himself  and  son,  the 
latter  being  a  mere  boy.  This  expedition  was  undertaken  in  the  interest 
of  "  certain  worshippfull  merchants  of  London." 

Although  unsuccessfal  in  the  main  object  in  view,  still  with  such 
skill  and  energy  did  he  conduct  his  little  craft,  that  the  latitude  he  then 
attained  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Spitzbergen  (viz.  81°),  was  never  ex- 
ceeded, or  in  fact  ever  reached,  until  Sir  Edward  Parry  passed  it  more 
than  200  years  afterwards. 

In  the  year  following  (1608)  Hudson  was  employed  by  the  Muscovy 
Company,  but  on  this  occasion  he  was  engaged  in  seeking  a  north-east 
ipassage  to  India  and  China. 

This  likewise  resulted  in  failure,  but  it  was  during  this  voyage  that 
;a  part  of  Novaya  Zemlya  was  explored. 

On  his  return  his  services  were  again  called  into  requisition.  This 
lime  it  was  on  behalf  of  the  Dutch  East  India  Company,  but  it  was 
again  with  a  view  of  discovering  the  north-east  passage.  Meeting,  how^ 
•ever,  with  an  impenetrable  barrier  of  ice,  which  defied  all  his  efforts 
to  get  through,  he  relinquished  the  attempt,  and  sailing  across  the 
Atlantic,  discovered,  and  explored,  the  river  that  now  bears  his  name, 
and  at  the  mouth  of  which  the  present  city  of  New  York  is  situated. 

This  is  the  extent  of  Hudson's  known  service,  prior  to  his  being 
selected  for  the  command  of  the  Discovery,  That  he  was  a  man  of  some 
note  and  a  seaman  of  ability  is  evident,  for  we  hear  of  him  as  being  in 
•command  of  a  ship  belonging  to  the  Muscovy  Company,  an  association 
whose  reputation  stood  so  high,  that  the  very  fact  of  a  man  being  in 
their  employment,  and  in  command  of  one  of  their  ships,  was  a  sufficient 
guarantee  of  his  skill  and  ability  as  a  seaman. 

It  may  not  be  out  of  place  here  to  observe  that  it  was  the  Muscovy 
Company,  at  the  instigation  and  under  the  direction  of  Sebastian  Cabot, 
that  introduced  a  form  to  be  carefully  filled  up  on  board  all  the  ships 
in  their  employ,  with  certain  daily  observations  to  be  kept  under  the 
immediate  superintendence  of  the  captain,  from  which  has  evolved  the 
log  books  which  every  ship  is  now  compelled  to  use. 

The  following  clause  directs  the  insertion  of  the  observations  in  this 
parent  of  log  books.  *'  Item,  that  the  marchants  and  other  skilful 
marchants  in  writing  shall  daily  write,  describe,  and  put  in  memoire  the 
•navigation  of  every  day  and  night,  with  the  points  and  observations  of 
-the  lands,  tides,  elements,  altitude  of  the  sunne,  course  of  the  moone  and 
49tarre8,  and  the  same  so  noted  by  the  order  of  the  master  and  pilot  of 
every  ship  to  be  put  in  writing,  the  captains  generall  assembling  the 
masters  together  once  every  week  (if  winde  and  weather  shall  serve)  to 
conferre  all  the  observations  and  notes  of  the  said  ships,  to  the  intent  it  may 
appear  wherein  the  notes  do  agree,  and  wherein  they  dissent,  and  upon 

^  s  2 


621  BODSOS'S  SAY  AND  STRAIT. 

good  debatement,  deliberation,  and  conclusioti,  determined  to  put  tlie 
same  into  a  common  ledger,  to  remain  as  record  for  the  company," 

The  clear,  concise,  and  valuable  narratives  of  the  Toyagos  of  Davis, 
Hawkins,  Lancaster,  Baffin,  Hudson,  and  other  navigators,  are,  in  a 
great  measare,  duo  to  the  adoption  of  the  instmctions  which  were  first 
generally  issued  by  tho  McscoTy  Company. 

Not  only  was  Hudson  a  practical  and  experienced  seaman,  bathe 
waB  also  a  skilful  obsorrer ;  for  in  spit«  of  the  many  disadvantages  under 
which  he  laboured,  and  the  rudeness  of  the  instruments  in  use  at  that 
time,  the  position  of  places  laid  down  by  him  were  ascertained  with  a 
fair  degree  of  accuracy.  I  may  also  mention  that  Hudson  has  the  repu- 
tation, although  I  believe  it  is  a  disputed  one,  of  being  tho  firat  English- 
man who  made  obserrations  on  the  dip,  or  inclination,  of  the  magnetic 
needle. 

The  ship  which  he  had  been  selected  to  command  was  a  small  vessel, 
or  fly-boat  as  she  is  sometimos  called,  of  55  tons  burden,  named  the 
Discovery,  presumably  the  same  that  Captain  Waymouth  had  oommanded 
in  1602,  when  dispatched  in  quest  of  a  north-west  passage. 

Her  crew  consisted  of  twenty-one  men  besides  himself  and  eon,  who 
invariably  appears  to  have  accompanied  him  on  his  adveutorous  voyages. 
No  less  than  four  of  tho  men,  including  the  mate  Robert  Jnet,  had 
previously  served  under  Hudson,  two  of  whom  nobly  supported  their 
chief  when  the  mutiny  broke  out,  and,  electing  to  share  his  fate, 
accompanied  him  in  the  boat  when  she  was  cast  adrift. 

The  Discovery  sailed  from  London  on  the  17th  April,  1610,  and,  after 
sighting  tho  coast  of  Greenland,  reached  Besolutiou  Island  ntxiut  tho 
24th  of  June,  and  entered  (he  Strait  which  now  bears  his  name.  They 
were  at  first  much  troubled  by  the  amount  of  ice  they  encountered,  and 
for  some  time  esperienced  great  difficulty  iu  mating  their  way  to  the 
westward.  To  the  land  on  tho  south  side  of  tho  Strait,  Hudson  gave  the 
name  of  "  Desire  provoketh,"  he  being  then  in  latitude  (iO^. 

On  the  11th  July,  fearing  the  approach  of  a  storm,  Hudson  anohoted 
nnder  shelter  of  three  small  and  rocky  islands  in  lat.  62'  0',  to  which 
he  gave  the  name  of  the  "  Islca  of  God's  Mercies."  These  are  undoubt- 
edly those  islands  marked  on  our  present  charts  as  the  Middle  Savage 
Islands.  I  do  not  know  who  is  responsible  for  this  change  of  name,  a 
eenselesB  and  somewhat  confusing  one,  as  wo  already  have  on  tho  north 
side  of  the  Strait,  two  other  clusters  of  islands  named  respectively,  the 
Upper  and  Lower  Savage  Islands.  The  original  names  should,  I  submit, 
in  justice  to  their  discoverer,  be  restored ;  the  exact  position  of  these 
islands  is  given  by  Hudson,  so  that  there  can  be  no  doubt  regarding 
their  identity.  On  the  present  Admiralty  Chart  the  name  of  the  "  Isles 
of  God's  Mercies,"  has  been  allotted  to  a  group  of  Islands  which  was 
never  seen  by  Hudson,  but  which  was  subsequently  sighted  by  Baffin, 
and  to  two  headlands  of  which  he  gave  the  names  of  Fair  Neas  and 


HUDSON'S  BAT  AND  STRAIT.  625 

• 

Broken  Point.  I  wonld  snggest  that  the  name  of  Fair  Ness  Islands  be 
given  to  this  group.  Sir  Edward  Parry,  in  the  aoconnt  of  his  second 
irojage,  was  unaware  that  this  particular  cluster  of  islands  was  the 
^roup  discovered  and  named  by  Hudson  the  *'  Isles  of  God's  Mercies," 
for  he  alludes  to  them  in  the  following  words : — *^  The  small  cluster  of 
islands  to  which  this  [Saddle  Back  Island]  belongs,  is  called  in  the 
charts  the  Middle  Savage  Islands,  a  name  by  which  Mr.  Davidson  (the 
•captain  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company's  vessel  Prince  of  Walea)  did  not 
Imow  them,  nor  can  I  find  any  authority  for  it,  but  which  may  serve  to 
•distinguish  them  as  well  as  any  other." 

Leaving  these  islands,  Hudson  steered  to  the  south-west  for  some 
distance,  and  then  to  the  north-west  until  he  reached  the  latitude  of 
€1^  24',  when  he  sighted  land  (to  the  southward?),  which  he  named 
*^  Hold  with  Hope,"  but  it  is  difficult  now  to  assign  even  an  approximate 
position  for  this  land.  In  about  latitude  62°  he  again  saw  land  to  the 
southward,  to  which  he  gave  the  name  of  Magna  Britannia,  and  this 
name  should,  I  think,  be  reintroduced  on  our  charts,  as  appertaining 
to  that  large  extent  of  coast  situated  between  Capes  Hope  and  Wolsten- 
liolme. 

On  the  2nd  of  August  Hudson  sighted  a  prominent  headland,  to 
which  he  gave  the  name  of  Salisburie's  Foreland,  being  evidently  under 
the  impression  that  it  formed  part  of  the  north  shore  of  the  Strait.  It 
was,  however,  an  island  which  is  now  shown  on  the  chart  as  Salisbury 
Island. 

I  cannot  help  thinking,  from  the  context  in  Hudson's  narrative,  that 
the  land  thus  named  was  really  the  south  part  of  Nottingham  Island, 
of  which  he,  otherwise,  makes  no  mention ;  yet,  unless  the  weather  was 
•extremely  foggy,  which  does  not  appear  to  have  been  the  case,  he  mast 
iiave  been  in  sight  of  it  during  his  passage  to  Cape  Wolstenholme.  The 
distance  between  this  island  and  the  main  land,  also  lends  suppon;  to  my 
assumption. 

On  the  3rd  of  August,  Hudson  sailed  between  the  islands  now  known 
as  the  Digges  Islands  and  Cape  Wolstenholme,  and  this  is  the  last 
recorded  incident  in  his  journal. 

For  an  account  of  the  remainder  of  the  voyage  we  have  to  trust 
fiolely  to  the  narrative  written  by  one  of  the  survivors,  a  man  named 
Abacuk  Prickett,  which,  although  of  thrilling  interest,  contains  but 
little  geographical  information,  and  even  that  little  is  of  a  very  vague 
and  unreliable  nature.  The  places  mentioned  by  this  historian,  such  as 
Prince  Henrie's  Cape  or  Forland;  King  James  his  Cape,  and  Queen 
Anne's  Cape  or  Foreland  are  quite  unrecognisable,  and  therefore  im- 
possible to  locate. 

After  passing  Cape  Wolstenholme,  it  seems  quite  certain  that  Hudson 
sailed  to  the  southward,  and  eventually  wintered  in  the  neighbourhood 
of  James  Bay,  but  not  before  he  had  experienced  some  trouble  with  his 


tS6  HtTDSON'S  BAT  AND  STRAIT. 

men,  who,  on  more  than  one  occasion,  evinced  a  mntinons  and  insnhordT- 
nate  Bpirit.  In  fact,  mattcre  had  come  to  anch  a  criBiB  that  Hadeon  con- 
Bidered  it  necessary  to  displace  both  the  mate  and  the  boatswain,  and  to 
appoint  others  to  perform  their  duties.  Affairs  must  have  indeed  been 
critical,  when  it  was  deemed  essential,  for  the  preservation  of  discipline 
and  the  maintenance  of  good  order,  to  reduce  the  two  officers  holding 
rank  neit  to  the  captain. 

Considering  the  feeling  that  existed  on  board,  and  tho  fact  that  the 
Disewery  was  hut  ill  supplied  with  stores  and  provisions,  Hndaon  did 
not  certainly  act  on  the  dictates  of  wisdom  and  prudence  when  he  decided 
npon  wintering.  Wo  have  it  on  the  authority  of  Abaouk  Prickett,  that 
■when  the  Dhcoverij  left  England  she  was  only  provided  with  provisions 
to  last  for  an  estimated  absence  cif  six  months,  although  Hossel  GerritK 
informs  ns,  that  she  was  provisioned  for  eight  months :  in  either  caso 
tho  snpply  of  provisions  was  totally  inadequate  for  passing  a  winter,  for 
five  months  had  already  elapsed,  since  leaving  England,  when  the 
decision  to  winter  was  announced. 

I  think,  under  the  circomatancea,  it  is  not  surprising  that  a  spirit  of 
insubordination  was  exhibited  by  some  of  the  crew,  for  it  can  only  be- 
regarded  as  the  act  of  an  insane  nnd  infutnated  man,  to  endeavour  to  eke 
out  two  or  three  months'  provisions  over  a  period  of  nearly  twelve  months, 
more  especially  when  the  rigours  and  hardships  inoidenlal  to  what  may- 
very  fairly  be  regarded  as  an  Arctic  winter,  are  combined  to  a  poor  and 
insufficient  supply  of  food. 

On  the  1st  of  November  the  ehip  was  secured  in  winter  qnarters,  and 
nine  days  after,  she  was  completely  frozen  in. 

The  pTOvisiuna,  or  rather  what  remained  of  them,  wore  then  por- 
tioned out  in  equal  shares,  and  arranged  on  such  a  scale  as  to  last  daring 
the  winter ;  and  a  reward  was  offered  to  every  man  who  could  procure 
anything  in  the  shape  of  game. 

Shortly  after  the  ship  had  been  established  in  winter  quarters,  the 
gunner,  John  Williams,  died ;  and,  as  is  onstoniary  in  such  cases,  then  as 
now,  his  effects  were  sold  by  auction  before  the  mast.  According  to- 
Prickett,  the  bickerings  and  discussion!^  between  Hudson  and  the  majority 
of  his  crew,  which  eventually  resulted  in  open  mutiny,  were  mainly 
caused  by  a  dispute,  between  Hudson  and  some  of  the  men,  concerning 
the  purchase  of  a  "  gray  cloth  gowuo  "  belonging  to  the  defunct  gunner. 
From  rrickett's  showing,  Hudson  appears  to  have  exhibited  such  a  spirit 
of  obstinacy,  and  want  of  tact,  that  would  stamp  him  as  being  ntterly 
unfit  to  be  a  leader  and  ruler  of  men  ;  but  then  it  must  bo  remembered 
that  Prickett  may  have  had  interested  motives  for  concealing  the  trath, 
and  for  disparaging  his  chief.  In  whatever  light,  however,  Hadsou's- 
oondnct  is  viewed,  I  am  afraid  he  did  not  show  the  sagacity  of  « 
wise  and  discreet  leader  when  be  resolved  to  remain  out  for  the  winter, 
knowing,  as  he  must  have  knovra,  that  even  with  the  exerotsa  of  tb& 


HUDSON'S  BAY  AND  STRAIT.  627 

most  careful  and  rigid  economy,  hiB  provisionB  would  barelv  suffice  for 
more  than  a  few  months ;  and  if  he  trusted  to  the  prospect  of  replenishing 
Ids  supply  by  the  slaughter  of  birds  and  animals  in  the  spring,  he  was 
indeed  depending  on  a  very  precarious  chance  of  subsistence. 

Fortune,  however,  seems  to  have  favoured  them  in  this  particular,  for 
we  are  told  that  for  three  months  during  the  winter,  they  were  able  to 
provide  themselves  with  an  abundant  supply  of  ptarmigan,  no  less  than 
one  hundred  dozen  of  these  birds  being  shot,  or  otherwise  obtained,  during 
that  time ;  and,  subsequently,  they  succeeded  in  shooting  some  swans, 
geese,  and  wild  duck,  although  not  without  some  trouble  and  difficulty. 
When  these  birds  left,  they  were  reduced  to  eating  moss  which  they 
picked  off  the  ground,  and  also  some  frogs,  which  they  do  not  appear 
to  bave  relished,  for  Prickett,  referring  to  them,  writes  that  they 
^'  were  as  loathsome  as  toads."  On  the  breaking  up  of  the  ice  in  the 
early  summer,  they  succeeded  in  catching  some  fish  "  as  big  as  herrings, 
and  some  troutes."  These  additions  to  their  slender  stock  of  provisions, 
were  as  providential  as  they  were  unexpected. 

At  length  the  long  and  dreary  winter  came  to  an  end,  the  ship  was 
released  from  the  icy  bondage  in  which  she  had  for  so  many  months 
been  imprisoned,  and  sailed  away  from  her  winter  quarters  in  about  Ihe 
second  week  in  June.  On  the  21st  of  that  month  the  mutiny  broke  out, 
and  Hudson  with  his  son,  and  seven  unfortunate  companions  (the  ma- 
jority of  whom  consisted  of  the  sick  and  helpless)  were  put  into  a  small 
boat  and  mercilessly  cast  adrift. 

Thus  perished  Henry  Hudson  on  the  scene  of  the  most  important  of 
his  discoveries.  No  prouder  tablet,  or  more  imperishable  epitaph,  could 
better  immortalise  the  name  of  a  great  man  than  he  has,  for  his  name 
is  associated  with  that  great  inland  sea  that  has  in  all  probability  a 
prosperous  and,  we  will  hope,  a  great  future  before  it ;  a  river  that  is 
already  known  to  fame  for  its  lovely  scenery  and  commercial  importance ; 
and  a  vast  extent  of  territory  that  only  requires  population  and  capital, 
to  develop  its  mineral  wealth  and  boundless  resources. 

Nothing  more  was  ever  seen,  or  heard,  of  Hudson  and  his  companions, 
and  so  his  actual  fate  will  always  remain  wrapped  in  mystery. 

A  month  after  the  heartless  abandonment  of  the  captain,  the  Discovery 
with  the  mutineers  reached  the  neighbourhood  of  Digges  Islands,  with 
the  object  of  replenishing  their  supply  of  provisions,  by  obtaining  some 
looms  (Guillemots)  which  they  knew  to  abound  there.  Shortly  after  her 
arrival  some  of  the  men,  whilst  on  shore,  were  attacked  by  the  Eskimos, 
who  killed  four  of  their  number.  By  a  curious  coincidence,  or  by  what 
perhaps  may  be  regarded  as  a  judicial  act  of  Providence,  these  four  men 
happened  to  be  the  principal  ringleaders  in  the  mutiny,  and  thus  was 
the  outrage  on  Hudson  avenged  by  a  prompt  and  retributive  justice. 
Of  the  remaining  seven  that  formed  the  crew  of  the  Diacovei-y,  one  died 
of  starvation  during  the  passage  across  the  Atlantic,  whilst  the  other 


628  HUDSON'S  BAY  AND  STRAIT. 

six  succeeded  in  reaching  the  coast  of  Ireland,  alive  It  is  tme,  but  in  a 
most  woe-l)egoDo  and  emaciated  condition.  Laving  subBieted  fur  many 
daj'8  on  soa-weed  fried  witli  candle-endti,  and  iLe  skiue  of  the  birds  that 
had  previously  been  shot  and  eaten.  To  such  an  extremity  of  weakness 
had  these  men  been  reduced  by  t5ie  sufl'erings  they  had  experienced,  that 
only  one  man  w.\s  capable  of  steering  the  ship.  A  new  crew  having 
been  engaged  in  Ireland,  the  vessel  was  taken  to  Plymouth,  and  thence 
to  Gravesend. 

There  does  not  apiiear  to  have  been  any  inquiry  made  on  the  return 
of  the  ship  to  England,  regarding  the  circumstaucea  connected  with 
the  atrocious  abandonment  of  Hudson.  Perhaps  the  pitiful  condition  of 
the  survivors,  and  the  intense  miacriea  they  bad  experienoed,  were  con- 
sidered 0,8  BufRcicnt  atonement  for  their  insubordinate  and  unjusti- 
fiable conduct ;  at  any  rate,  we  are  told  that  Iwo  of  the  survivors,  viz. 
Bylot  the  mate,  and  Abacuk  Prickett  the  historian  of  the  voyage,  were 
actually  employed  in  the  expedition  that  sailed  the  following  year  to 
Hudson's  Bay,  under  the  command  of  Sir  Thomas  Button. 

This  expedition  was  despatched  by  the  Company  of  Merchant  Ad- 
venturers, with  the  sanction  and  under  the  immediate  directions  of  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  who  drew  up  the  instructions  to  te  observed. 

The    following    are    extracts  from    the   "  Charter    granted    to    the 
C3ompany  of  fbe  Merchants  Discoverers  of  the  North-west  P( 
Alfred  Bletsoe,  July  2iith,  1612." 


'asM^^H 


"A.  Beginning. 


L 


James,  by  the  gi-ace  of  God  King  of  England,  &c.  'Whereas  we  are 
credibly  informed  that  our  Cozcub  and  Councellors  Henry  Charles  Earl  of 
Northampton,  Keeper  of  the  Privy  Scale;  Cliarlea  Earl  of  Nottingham, 
Admirall  of  England ;  Thomas  Earl  of  Suffolk,  Chamberlain  of  our  oon 
household ;  our  right  trusty  and  well  beloved  Cozen  Heniy  Earl  of 
Southampton ;  William  Earl  of  Salisbury,  our  right  trusty  and  well 
beloved  Theopbilus  Lord  WaMen,  Sir  Thomas  Smith  Maunsell,  Sir 
Walter  Hope,  Sir  Dudley  DiggH,  Sir  James  Lancerot«,  Knights; 
Eebocca,  Lady  Rcmney,  Francis  Jones  one  of  the  Aldermen  of  our  City 
of  London  i  John  Wolatenholmo,  Eaij.,  John  Edred  Robert  Sandy, 
William  Greenwell,  Nicholas  Seats,  Hovet  Stapers,  William  BussoU, 
John  Merricks,  Abraham  Chaniberlaine,  Philippe  Burlomathis,  mer- 
chants of  the  Cittio  of  London,  the  Muscovy  Company  and  the  East 
India  Company  of  the  eixlli  voyage  did  in  Aprill  one  thousand  six 
buudred  and  lene,  with  great  charge  sett  forth  a  shippe  called  the  i>i«- 
cowrye,  and  certaine  persons  under  the  command  of  Henry  Hudson,  ti> 
search  and  find  out  a  passage  by  the  north-west  of  America  to  the  Sen 
of  Sur,  commonly  called  the  South  Sea,  and  have  in  that  voyage  found 
a  streigbt  or  narrow  sea  by  the  which  they  hope  and  purpose  to  advanco 


HUDSON'S  BAY  AND  STRArP.  629 

a  trade  to  the  great  kingdoms  of  Tartaria,  China,  Japan,  Solomons 
Islands,  Chili,  the  Phillippines,  and  other  conntrejs  in  or  upon  the  said 
sea*  •  •  • 

At  the  bottom  of  this  charter  appears 

*^  B.  Summary  of  the  grant 

"This  bill  conteyneth  your  Majesty's  grant  unto  the  merchants  of 
London,  discoverers  of  the  north-west  passage,  to  be  made  and  treated  a 
<x)rporate  body,  and  to  be  invested  with  powers  and  capacities  thereunto 
incident,  so  that  the  trade  through  that  passage  may  be  managed  with 
eome  order  and  government,  and  not  loosely  at  the  discretion  of  every 
private  adventurer.  The  frame  and  constitutions  of  this  company  is  not 
restrained  to  any  number  certain,  nor  confined  to  any  particular  citty, 
town  or  place,  nor  tending  to  any  degree  of  monopoly.  The  Prince  is 
the  supreme  protector,  under  your  Majesty,  of  this  Company.  The 
custom  subsidy,  and  impost  accruing  to  jour  Majesty  of  all  goods  and 
merchandize  shipped  outwards  and  homewards  through  the  said  passage, 
in  the  7th  year  after  the  date  of  the  present  patent  (by  which  time  it  is 
conceived  the  trade  may  settle  and  groue  somewhat  beneficiall)  are 
therein  graunted  to  the  first  discoverers,  in  consideration  of  their 
charges  in  the  discovery ;  and  the  like  graunt  to  Captain  Button,  and 
the  masters  and  marines  in  the  two  shippes  lately  sett  forth  for  the  per- 
fecting of  the  said  discoverye,  of  the  customs  subsidy  and  impost 
happening  in  the  5th  year  after  the  date  of  the  present  patent  (which 
as  supposed  will  be  a  lesse  matter)  in  consideration  of  their  services 
therein." 

The  main  object  of  the  expedition  that  was  sent  forth  under  the 
command  of  Sir  Thomas  Button  was,  undoubtedly,  the  discovery  of  the 
^North-west  Passage,  but  let  us  hope,  in  the  name  of  humanity,  that 
the  expedition  was  also  undertaken  with  a  view  of  searching  for  Hudson 
and  those  who  shared  his  fate,  although  no  mention  of  it  is  made  in  the 
brief  account  that  has  been  handed  down  to  us  of  this  voyage. 

The  expedition  consisted  of  two  ships,  the  Besoluiion  and  the  DIb" 
eovery. 

The  leader,  Sir  Thomas  Button,  was  a  gentleman  in  the  service  of 
Prince  Henry,  and,  we  are  informed,  was  an  able  and  skilful  seaman, 
and  a  man  of  considerable  talent.  Most  elaborate  instructions  for  his 
guidance  were  drawn  up  under  the  superintendence  of  His  Royal  High- 
ness. The  ships  were  provisioned  for  eighteen  months,  and  sailed  from 
England  early  in  May  1612.  On  arrival  in  Hudson's  Strait,  they  pro- 
ceeded with  all  despatch,  and  without  much  hindrance  from  ice,  to 
Digges  Island,  where  they  remained  for  eight  days,  and,  we  will  hope, 
that  during  that  period  a  diligent  search  was  instituted  for  the  unfor- 
tunate castaways,  but  no  mention  of  such  a  search  is  recorded  in  the 
narrative  of  the  expedition,  although  Bylot  and  Prickett  were  both. 


SSO  HUDSON'S  BAT  A^'D  STRAIT. 

eerving  in  one  of  the  Bhips,  Kativea  were,  however,  Been  and  oomraiinf- 
cated  with,  and  it  is  sad  to  relate  that,  instead  of  ingratiating  them- 
Bolvca  with  these  poople,  our  countrymen  camo  into  Eerions  collision 
with  them,  and  in  attempting  to  seize  some  of  their  boats,  five  of  Button's 
men  were  slain  by  the  Eskimo?. 

So  hostile  were  the  natives  in  this  neigbhonrhood  reputed  to  be 
(althongb  in  all  probability  their  hostility  was  the  result  of  the  high- 
handed behaviour  of  the  men  of  the  expedition),  that  I  fear  it  only  too 
plainly  shows  what  the  fate  of  Tludson  and  bis  companions  would  hav& 
been  had  thoy  fallen  into  their  clntcheB. 

From  Digges  Islands  thoy  proceeded  to  the  westward,  where  tbe- 
land  was  discovered  to  which  tho  narao  of  "  Cary's  Swan's  Xest "  was 
given,  but  which  is  now  known  as  Southampton  Island.  Thence  they 
continued  their  course  to  tho  westward,  until  land  was  again  fallen  in 
with  in  lat.  60°  40',  which  ivas  called  "Hopes  Check'd,"  because  they 
were  disappointed  in  not  finding  the  passage  thoy  were  in  search  of! 
This  land  is,  I  think,  that  headland  marked  on  our  present  charts  as 
Cope  EB<iuimaux.  It  is  much  to  be  regretted  that  the  only  account 
obtainable  of  the  voyage  of  Sir  Thomas  Button,  should  be  so  meagre 
and  so  wrapped  in  needless  mystery. 

After  sighting  Hopes  Check'd,  the  ships  steered  to  the  southward, 
when,  being  assailed  by  a  violent  storn),  they  anchored  for  shelter  and 
to  repair  damages  off  the  mouth  of  a  river,  which  was  called  Nelson 
river,  after  the  master  of  the  Segolulion,  who  died  and  was  buried  there. 
The  mainland  received  the  name  of  New  Wales,  after  tho  Prince  of 
Wales,  and  the  bay  into  which  the  river  emptied  itself  was  called 
Button's  Bay.  Sir  Thomas  Button  maj',  I  think,  fairly  claim  the  honour 
of  being  the  first  navigator  to  sail  across  Hudson's  Bay. 

Although  it  was  only  the  middle  of  August  when  the  Nelson  river 
waB  reached,  it  was  decided  that  the  winter  should  be  passed  there,  and 
the  necessary  preparations  wsie  made  for  doing  so.  Apparently  there 
was  abundance  of  game  obtainable,  for  we  are  told  that,  among  other 
things,  1800  dozen  white  partridges  (ptarmigan)  were  killed  in  the 
neighbonrhood  of  their  winter  quarters.  During  the  month  of  Febraai 
and  BubBequently,  the  cold  was  intensely  severe;  many  of  tho  mei 
from  the  effects  of  it,  whilst  the  survivors  were  reduced  to  a  very 
and  sickly  condition. 

Id  April  the  ice  commenced  to  break  up,  but  it  was  not  until  Jnn» 
that  the  ships  made  a  move.  They  then  steered  to  tho  northward,  and 
discovered  land  in  lat.  CO',  which  was  called  Hulibait's  Hope,  after  tho 
pilot  of  the  Seeolulion,  l>ecause  a  strong  tide  race  that  was  observed  was 
hoped  to  be  indicative  of  the  passage  fur  which  thoy  sought.  In 
July  they  were  off  Hope's  Advance,  seen  and  named  the  prenona  year, 
and  on  the  26th  of  the  same  month,  Ne  Ultra,  in  lat.  02"  42',  waa 
Three  days  afterwards,  they  reached  their  highest  latitude,  whioli 


1| 


HUDSON'S  BAT  AND  STRAIT.  681 

reputed  to  be  lat.  65°.  Sailing  then  to  the  eastward,  ManseVs  Island 
was  discovered,  and  named — not  Mansfield  Island,  as  in  our  present 
charts — and  the  west  extreme  of  Southampton  Island  was  named  Cape- 
Southampton,  whilst  the  east  end  was  called  Cape  Pembroke. 

I  am  not  quite  sure  as  to  whether  Mansel  Island  was  named  after 
Sir  Thomas  Smith  Maunsell,  one  of  the  Company  of  Merchant  Discoverers- 
for  the  North-west  Passage,  and  referred  to  in  the  charter  granted  bj 
James  I.,  or  whether  it  was  named  after  Sir  Eobert  Mansils. 

No  difficulty  from  ice  was  experienced  in  sailing  through  the  Strait 
on  their  way  to  England,  but  instead  of  emerging  from  what  may  welL 
be  considered  as  the  main  entrance  to  the  Strait,  namely,  between^ 
Besolution  Island  and  Cape  Chidley,  the  ships  were  taken  thi'ough  » 
strait  which  was  then,  for  the  first  time,  found  to  exist  between  th&' 
island,  of  which  Cape  Chidley  forms  the  northern  extreme,  and  the  maii^ 
coast  of  Labrador.  This  channel  has  lately  been  named  M'Lellan  Strait,, 
after  the  Canadian  Minister  of  Marine  and  Fisheries,  under  the  impress 
sion  that  it  was  a  new  disoovery. 

The  insularity  of  the  land,  on  which  is  situated  Cape  Chidley,  haying* 
without  doubt  been  determined  by  Sir  Thomas  Button,  it  would,  I  think,, 
only  be  appropriate,  and  a  graceful  act  of  recognition  of  the  many  seryice» 
performed  in  these  waters  by  a  ship  bearing  the  name  of  Discovery^  to 
name  the  island  Discovery  Island.  We  should  then  have  the  entrance- 
to  Hudson's  Strait  marked,  on  its  north  and  south  sides,  by  the  names  of 
vessels  that  have  done  good  service  in  the  Arctic  Regions  and  elsewhere, 
and  the  names  of  the  two  first  ships,  the  Discovery  and  Besolutiony  that 
ever  passed  a  winter  in  Hudson's  Bay,  would  thus  be  commemorated. 

The  fact  of  Sir  Thomas  Button's  ships  having  sailed  through  the 
strait  referred  to,  is  thus,  on  the  authority  of  Abacuk  Frickett,  alluded 
to  by  Captain  Luke  Fox ; — ••  They  came  not  through  the  maine  channell 
of  Fretum  Hudson,  nor  thorow  Lumley's  Inlet ;  but  through  into  the- 
Mare  Hyperborum  betwixt  those  ilands  first  discovered  and  named 
Chidley's  Cape  by  Captain  Davis,  and  the  north  part  of  America,  called 
by  the  Spaniards,  who  never  saw  the  same.  Cape  Labrador,  but  it  is 
meet  by  the  north-east  point  of  America,  where  was  contention  among 
them,  some  maintaining  (against  others)  that  them  ilands  were  the 
Besolution,  which  Josias  Hubbart  withstood,  untill  he  stood  himselfa 
into  the  danger  of  displeasure ;  but  at  length  it  proved  a  new  Streight;, 
and  a  very  streight  indeed  to  come  through  which  resolved  all  doubts." 

Sir  Thomas  Button's  expedition  was  undoubtedly  a  failure;  no- 
discoveiies  of  any  importance  wore  made ;  no  light  was  thrown  on  the- 
existence  of  a  north-west  passage  in  the  locality  in  which  he  was. 
supposed  to  be  exploring,  and  he  failed  to  succour  Hudson,  or  to  ascertain 
any  particulars  regarding  his  fate  and  that  of  his  unfortunate  companions.. 

That  he  felt  keenly  his  want  of  success  is  certain,  and  that  he  did  not. 
regard  the  discovery  of  a  passage  as  impossible  is  also  assured,  on  the^ 


«8a  HUnsOS'S  BAV  AND  STRAIT. 

anthority  or  a  fragment  of  his  jonmal,  which  tows  commnnicatcii  to 
Captain  Lake  Fox  hy  Sir  Thomae  Eowe.  In  it  Balton  writes  :—  "  That 
■God  that  made  us  all  of  dust,  will  not  fail  to  raise  np  some  good  spirits 
for  the  future  prosecution  of  this  busineEse :  as  that  by  their  honeet 
cndearouTs,  and  religious  resolutions,  they  will  effect  that  which  is  not 
ripe  for  his  aickle.  God  which  best  knows  what  the  truth  of  his 
-endeavours  have  been  in  this  action,  will  not  faile  to  give  a  blessing  to 
eome  that  follows  ;  and  for  his  part  he  desires  to  bo  blest  no  otherwise 
than  as  he  hath  sincerely  laboured  ;  and  therefore  he  must  conclude  and 
■even  believe  according  to  the  word,  that  Paul  plants,  Apoth  waters,  and 
Ood  gives  the  increase.  So  that  until  his  good  will  and  pleasure  is,  all 
4hat  we  doe  cannot  in  this  aught  else  prevaile." 

His  predictions,  however,  have  never  yet  lieen  realised,  at  least  in  the 
rsense  that  he  anticipated,  for  no  practical  north-west  passage  has  been 
-discovered,  so  we  may  infer  that  it  is  not  yet  "  ripe  for  the  sickle." 

The  next  expedition  to  Hudson  Strait  sailed  in  1C14,  and  was 
■entrusted  to  the  command  of  a  Captain  Gibbons,  who  had  served  as  a 
-volunteer  in  Button's  voyage.  The  records  of  this  expedition  are 
■exceedingly  brief,  and  may  be  summed  up  and  dismissed  in  the  follow- 
ing somewhat  laconic  and  quaint  account  of  it  given  by  Luke  Fox.  He 
.eays  : — "  Little  is  to  be  writ  to  any  purpose,  for  that  heo  was  put  by  the 
mouth  of  Fretum  Hudson,  and  with  the  ice,  driven  into  a  hay  called 
'by  his  company  'Gibbuns  his  Hole,'  in  latitude  about  57',  upon  the 
north-east  jwint  of  Stinenia,  where  he  laid  twenty  weekes  fast  amongst 
the  ice,  in  danger  to  Iiave  been  spoyled,  or  never  to  have  got  away,  bo  as 
the  time  being  lost,  hee  was  enforced  to  retume." 

The  bay  in  which  Gibbons  passed  so  many  idle  and  fruitless  weeks,  is 
supposed  to  be  somewhere  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Nain,  on  the  coast  of 
I;abrador,  where  there  is  now  a  Moravian  mission  establishment. 

In  no  way  discouraged  by  previous  want  of  success,  the  enterprising 
■company  of  merchant  adventurers  again,  the  following  year,  despatched 
the  little  Di'gcm-err/  with  the  object  of  renewing  the  search  for  a  North-weflt 
Passage.  Eobort  Bylot,  who  had  served  in  the  three  preceding  voyages, 
namely,  those  under  Hudson,  Button,  and  Gibbons,  was  placed  in  oom- 
jnand,  but  William  Baffin,  an  experienced  and  accompliabed  navigator 
And  a  skilful  and  scientific  observer,  was  appointed  as  ]>Llot  and  mate, 
■and,  I  think,  shared  with  Bylot  the  responsibility  of  command. 
At  any  rate,  to  Baffin  that  we  are  indebted  for  an  acoonnt  of 
"voyage. 

TheBigeoFWjIeftEnglandonthelCthof  April,  1615. 
sisting  of  fourteen  men  acd  two  boys.  On  the  27th  of  Slay  Resolution 
Island  was  sighted,  and  the  Strait  entered  shortly  after.  On  the  6th  of 
June  the  Savage  Islands  were  reached  and  named,  and  it  was  observed  that 
they  had  "a  great  sound  or  indraught  between  the  north  shoare  and 
Ahem."    I  make  particular  allusion  to  this  because  a  claim  has  recently 


"M 


HUDSON'S  BAT  AND  STBATT.  68? 

l)een  made  of  the  discovery  of  this  strait.  Baffin's  claim,  however,  dates 
back  270  years,  and  is  undeniable.  The  strait  I  allude  to  is  also  referred 
to  as  being  well  known  by  a  Captain  Coats,  who  was  for  many  years^ 
employed  by  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company  in  command  of  one  of  their 
ships.  In  a  MS.  entitled  «•  The  Geography  of  Hudson's  Bay,"  written  by 
him  in  1750,  he  calls  this  channel  the  "  White  Streights." 

On  the  19th  of  June  the  Discovery  reached  Broken  Point,  and  ai» 
adjacent  headland  was  named,  by  Baffin,  Fair  Ness.  The  neighbourhood 
of  these  two  capes,  or  points,  is  memorable  as  being  the  place  where  the- 
first  lunar  observation  for  finding  the  longitude  was  taken  by  the  untiring 
Baffin. 

This  incident  is  thus  referred  to  by  Sir  Edward  Parry : — "  On  the- 
29th  we  were  off  a  point  of  land  having  several  islands  near  it,  and 
exactly  answering  the  description  of  that  called  by  Baffin,  in  the  year 
1615,  Broken  Point,  it  beiug  indeed  a  point  of  broken  island.  This  head- 
land is  memorable  on  account  of  a  lunar,  observation  made  off  it  by  thi» 
able  and  indefatigable  navigator,  giving  the  long.  74"^  05',  which  is  not  a. 
degree  to  the  westward  of  the  truth." 

Alluding  to  the  fact  of  his  having  succeeded  in  taking  a  lunar 
observation  at  this  place,  Baffin  makes  the  following  very  pertinent 
remark : — *^  If  observations  of  this  kinde,  or  some  other,  were  made  at 
places  far  remote,  as  at  the  Cape  Bona  Esperanza,  Bantam,  Japan,  Nova 
Albion,  and  Magellan  Strayts,  I  suppose  wee  should  have  a  truer 
geography  than  we  have."  Unfortunately,  however,  those  days  did  not 
produce  many  such  skilful  and  practical  seamen  and  such  scientific- 
observers  as  Baffin  undoubtedly  was.  His  practical  knowledge  enabled 
him,  during  the  passsge  of  the  Discovery  through  Hudson's  Strait,  to 
produce  a  most  interesting  chart  on  which  the  coast  line  and  prominent 
points  and  islands  are  very  accurately  delineated,  in  fact,  some  of  the 
positions  on  Baffin's  map  are  even  more  correctly  placed  than  on  the- 
present  Admiralty  Chart.  A  facsimile  of  his  chart  is  reproduced  in  Mr. 
Clements  Markhajn's  "  Life  of  William  Baffin,"  published  for  the  Hakluyt 
Society. 

Although  the  Discovery  was  somewhat  delayed  during  the  passage 
through  the  strait  by  loose  ice,  they  found  that  by  adhering  to  the  north 
side  of  the  channel,  the  difficulties  were  materially  lessened,  and  sucb 
good  progress  did  they  make,  that  by  the  let  of  July  they  succeeded  in 
reaching  the  neighbourhood  of  Salisbury  Island.  On  that  day  the  Mill 
Islands  were  discovered  and  named  by  Baffin  ''  by  reason  of  the  greate- 
extremetye  and  grindinge  of  the  ice,  as  this  night  we  had  proofe 
thereof."  The  position  of  the  main  island  of  this  cluster  was  ascertained 
to  be  in  latitude  64^  During  the  month  of  June  the  winds  were 
variable,  but  the  weather  was  extremely  fine;  a  steady  set  to  the 
westward  was  experienced,  for  Baffin  reports  that  the  ship  was  set  more 
into  the  strait  during  one  flood,  than  two  ebb  tides  would  set  them  outi. 


484 


HPDSOS'S  BAT  AND  STEAIT. 


f  the  majority  of  those  i 


^^^       30tl 


"Thia  entirely  accords  with  tbe  ext>eri<:ace 
have  subsequently  navigat^'I  tbe  strait. 

In  the  vicinity  of  the  Mill  Islands,  however,  Baffin  reports  the 
tide  as  coming  from  the  toulh-eatl,  but  this,  I  cannot  help  thinking,  is 
■an  error,  anil  norlk-eait  ie  really  meant.  He  must,  I  think,  have  been 
sorely  perplexed  by  the  eddyings  and  tide-rips  which  are  well  knowu  to 
^xist  near  this  clnstcr  of  islands,  and  'was,  therefore,  in  all  probability, 
«nable  to  determine  with  Mh  usual  accuracy,  the  exact  direction  of  the 
dood  tide.  He  thus  writes  of  these  eddies :  "  The  ilande  or  ilea  lying  in 
4he  middle  of  the  chaUDoll,  haviuge  many  sounds  runningo  through 
-thorn,  with  dyvers  points  and  headlands,  eDcottnteriDg  the  force  of  tbe 
tyde,  caused  such  a  reboande  of  'water  and  ice  that  unto  them  that  saw 
it  not  is  almost  incredible.  But  our  ship  being  thus  in  the  portition, 
'betweene  the  eddy  which  mono  one  way,  and  the  streame  which  ninne 
another,  endured  so  great  extremytie,  that  unless  the  Lord  himselfe  had 
'beene  on  our  ride  we  had  shurely  perished ;  for  sometymes  the  ship 
ioysed  aloft ;  and  at  other  tymes  shee  haviuge,  as  it  were,  got  tho  n 
hand,  would  forc«  greate  mighty  peeces  of  ice  to  sinke  doune  on  thi 
■side  of  her,  and  rise  on  the  other.  But  God  which  is  still  stronger 
«ither  rocks,  ice,  eddy  or  streame,  preserved  us  and  our  shippe  from  any 
^arme  at  all.  And  I  trust  will  still  contynue  his  love  to  us,  that  we 
may  perfonue  some  more  acceptable  servis  to  his  glory,  and  to  tbe  g^ood 
of  our  common  welth." 

From  tbe  Mill  Islands,  Baffin  sailed  up,  what  is  now  known  as.  Fox 
Channel.  On  his  way  he  landed  on  a  point  of  land  on  the  west  side, 
"which  he  named  Cape  Comfort,  in  consequence  of  the  discovery  that  the 
■tide  flowed  from  tho  northward,  which,  to  use  his  own  words  "put  us  in 
great  hope  of  a  passage  this  wayo."  According  to  his  observations  this 
cape  'was  situated  in  60'  N.  lat.  and  85°  20'  W.  long.,  but  Sir  Edward 
Parry  in  1621  determined  the  position  of  this  headland  as  C4°  54'  N.  lat. 
and  82"  57'  W.  long. 

On  the  following  day  Baffin's  joyful  anticipations  of  discovering  a 
passage,  received  a  severo'and  sudden  check;  for  they  found  the  land 
«rending  away  to  the  north-east  by  east;  the  water  also  shoaled  con- 
siderably ;  they  were  much  hampered  by  ice,  and  there  was  but  little 
tide.  All  these  indications  were  unfavourable  to  the  supposition  that 
they  wore  in  the  eagerly  sought-for  passage,  and  only  too  surely  pro' 
that  they  were  in  a  large  bay.  Under  these  unpropilious  circumstam 
the  hopes  of  finding  a  passage  la  the  direction  they  wore  seeking 
abandoned,  and  the  ship's  head  was  turned  to  the  southward.  On  tht 
way  south.  Seahorse  Point  woe  sighted  and  named  by  Baffin,  from 
^tore  of  Moi-ses  "  which  he  there  saw. 

But  little,  after  this,  was  done  in  the  way  of  exploration,  and  on  tb« 
30th  of  July  the  Ditcovirjf  comm&nced  her  homeward  voyage, 
•days'  time  she  reached  Besolution  Island,  thus  showing  that 


tanoig^H 

>th«^H 

L«the  I 

on  tb« 

In  fim^^^l 

lat  at  tl>^^H 


HUDSON'S  BAT  AND  STRAIT.  685 

particular  time  of  the  year  there  was  but  little,  if  any^  ice  in  the  Strait 
to  impede  her  progress. 

During  the  voyage,  the  account  of  which  I  have  just  related,  the 
indefatigable  Bafi&n  took  no  less  than  twenty-seven  observations  for 
4isoertaining  the  variation  of  the  compass,  besides  the  daily  observations 
for  determining  the  position  of  the  ship  and  various  points  of  land. 

The  great  mistake  that  BaflSn,  and  indeed  all  the  old  Arctic  navi- 
^tors  made,  was  relinquishing  exploration  so  early  in  the  navigable 
fleason,  but  it  must  be  remembered  they  were  then  unaware  of  what  we 
now  well  know,  namely,  that  the  best  months  for  exploring  in  high 
latitudes,  when  there  is  a  minimum  amount  of  ice,  are  August  and 
September,  and  even  in  October,  in  spite  of  the  short  days  and  long 
nights  that  are  experienced  in  the  last-named  month.  They  thought, 
and  it  is  very  natural  they  should  think  so,  that  the  navigable  season 
•commenced  to  wane  when  the  sun  reached  its  greatest  northern  declina- 
tion, and,  warned  by  the  increasing  shortness  of  the  days,  and  the  corre- 
sponding increase  of  the  nights,  they  invariably  sought  winter  quarters 
or  made  preparations  for  their  homeward  voyage,  at  the  very  time  they 
'Should  have  been  diligently  engaged  in  exploratory  work. 

In  1619  Captain  Hawkridge,  who  had  acquired  a  reputation  as  a 
seaman  and  a  navigator  whilst  serving  under  Sir  Thomas  Button, 
was  entrusted  with  the  command  of  a  ship,  and  despatched  in  search 
•of  a  north-west  passage  vi&  Hudson's  Strait.  This  voyage,  how- 
ever, appears  to  have  been  barren  of  important  results.  It  seenis  that 
the  expedition  sailed  up  the  Strait,  with  ^but  little  hindrance  from  ice, 
as  far  as  Charles  Island,  and  then  cruised  about  for  some  time  off  some 
ooast,  but  where  is  not  clearly  shown.  There  is  only  a  very  meagre 
account  of  this  expedition  in  existence,  written  by  Captain  Luke  Fox, 
from  information  obtained  at  the  time  '^  by  manuscript  or  relation." 

During  the  same  year  (1619)  the  Danes,  their  attention  having  in  all 
probability  been  directed  to  the  recent  discoveries  of  Hudson,  Baffin,  and 
other  English  navigators,  also  despatched  an  expedition,  but  whether 
the  object  of  it  was  the  discovery  of  a  north-west  passage,  or  whether  it 
was  sent  out  for  the  purpose  of  searching  for  the  lost  Danish  colonies  in 
<3reenland  has  never  very  clearly  been  ascertained.  The  command  of  it 
was  entrusted  to  Captain  Jens  Munk,  and  the  two  ships  that  composed 
it  were,  we  are  told,  manned  chiefly  by  English  sailors,  men  who  had, 
very  likely,  been  engaged  in  the  whale-fishery,  or  who  had  perhaps 
served  in  some  of  the  many  voyages  of  exploration  that  were  under- 
taken in  the  early  part  of  the  century  to  the  north-east,  as  well  as  to 
.the  north-west. 

The  ships  sailed  from  Denmark  on  the  18th  May,  and  sighted  Gape 
Farewell  (the  south  point  of  Greenland)  on  the  20th  of  June. 

They  then  attempted  to  sail  up  Davis  Strait,  but  meeting  with 
much  ice,  Captain  Munk  steered  to  the  westward,  proceeded  up  Hudson's 


<fM  HUDSON'S  BAY  AKD  STKAIT. 

Strait,  and  thence  into  IltidEoii'B  Bay.  He  gave  now  names  to  pl&oes 
that  had  already  becu  discovered  and  naKcd  by  provious  navigators,  but 
tbeso  Danish  namee  have  long  ceased  to  exiet  on  the  charts.  x\t  length 
they  reached  the  west  aide  of  Hudson's  Baj-,  and  hero  Munk  decided 
upon  wintering  Jn  a  bay  which  he  called  Muak's  Wint«r  Harbour,  and 
■which  is  supposed  to  bo  one  of  the  many  bays  or  harbours  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood of  Chesterfield  Inlet.  They  appear  to  have  been  wretchedly 
provided  and  equipped  in  every  respect;  long  before  the  ■winter  \?as 
over  their  provisions  were  expended,  although  they  had  been  exceptionally 
fortunate  in  shooting  several  bears,  besidGS  foxea,  bares,  ptarmigan,  and 
other  birds  before  the  winter  set  in.  Scurvy  also  attacked  them  with 
ench  virulence  that  many  died,  and  the  survivors  were  so  emaciated  and 
reduced  by  disease  as  to  be  absolutely  helpless.  Famine  now  stared  them 
in  the  face,  for  their  provisions  were  all  expended,  and  they  had  no 
strength  left  to  organise  hunting  parties  for  their  relief,  although  with 
the  retnm  of  spring,  animals  and  birds  appeared  in  groat  numbers. 

Captain  Munk,  who  occupied  a  small  hut  by  himself,  waa  rednood 
to  a  similar  condition,  and  lay  weak  and  helpless,  daily  expecting, 
and  hoping,  that  death  would  soon  terminate  his  sufTerinps.  At  last, 
overcome  by  the  cravings  of  hunger,  he  managed  to  crawl  out,  when, 
to  his  horror,  he  found  that  all  Iub  companions,  the  crows  of  both 
ships,  save  two  men,  had  perished  from  the  combined  eSectfl  of  disease 
and  starvation.  The  three  raiserablo  antvivors,  summoning  up  a  little 
courage  and  energy,  scratched  a^vay  the  anew  from  the  ground  on  which 
they  lay,  and  finding  some  plants  and  roots,  devoured  them  eagerly.  In 
course  of  time  thoy  succeeded  in  catching  some  fish  in  the  river,  which 
BO  revived  and  strengthened  them  that  they  were  soon  after  able  to  shoot 
some  birds  aud  other  animals. 

Eventually,  equipping  the  smaller  vessel  of  the  two  from  the  stores 
of  both,  and  laying  in  a  stock  of  provisions  safBcient  to  take  them  across 
the  Atlantic,  these  three  men  embarked  and  started  on  tboir  homeward 
voyage.  Passing  through  Hudson's  Sti-ait  with  little  or  no  difficulty,  after 
an  adventurous  passage,  they  arrived  safely  at  a  Norwegian  port  on  the 
25th  September,  1620,  and  wore  suhsequently  received  in  Denmark,  as 
they  well  might  bo,  as  men  risen  from  the  grave.  I  will  not  vouch  for 
the  authenticity  of  this  story ;  its  genuineness  has  been  frequently 
questioned;  I  simply  give  it  here  for  what  it  is  worth.  If  true,  thia 
expedition  was,  I  believe,  the  firat,  and  last,  Danish  one  that 
ventured  into  Hudson's  Bay. 

After  the  failure  of  the  expeditions  of  Button  and  Baffin,  the  exoitot, 
ment  regarding  tbo  discovery  of  a  North-west  Passage  appears  to  have, 
for  a  time,  subsided,  nor  does  the  subject  seem  to  have  been  revived 
again  until  the  year  1631,  when  Captain  Luke  Fox,  who,  somewhat 
conceitedly,  called  himself  "  North- West  Fox,"  by  dint  of  much  perse- 
Tsrance,  succeeded  in  so  far  interesting  a  few  London  merchants,  thatt 


thia 


HUDSON'S  BAT  AND  STRAIT.  637 

backed  up  as  they  were  by  the  powerful  support  of  Sir  Thomas  Eoe,  Sir 
John  Wolstenholme,  Sir  John  Brooke,  and  Mr.  Henry  Briggs  (the  famous 
mathematician)  they  determined  upon  the  despatch  of  another  expedition. 

Not  only  did  Captain  Fox  persuade  these  gentlemen  to  assist  him  in 
the  venture,  but  he  also  induced  the  two  last  named  to  present  a  petition 
to  Charles  I.,  supplicating  the  loan  of  one  of  His  Majesty's  ships,  and 
^  for  his  oountenance  of  the  voyage,"  and  we  are  pleased  to  find  that 
His  Majesty  "  graciously  accepted  and  granted  both.*' 

A  ship  named  the  Charles,  of  80  tons  burden,  was  selected.  Her  crew 
consisted  of  twenty  men  and  two  boys,  and  she  was  provisioned  for  an 
anticipated  absence  of  eighteen  months.  As  Captain  Fox  informs  us,  in 
his  quaintly  written  account  of  the  expedition, ''  I  was  victualled  com* 
pleatly  for  eighteen  months ;  but  whether  the  baker,  brewer,  butcher, 
and  others  were  masters  of  their  arts  or  professions  or  no,  I  know  not ; 
but  this  I  am  sure  of,  I  had  excellent  fat  beefe,  strong  beere,  good 
wheaten  bread,  good  Iceland  ling,  butter  and  cheese  of  the  best,  admir- 
able sack  and  aqua-vitaB,  pease,  oatmoale,  wheatmeale,  oyle,  spice,  suger, 
fruit  and  rice,  with  chyrurgerie,  as  sirrups,  juleps,  condits,  trichissis, 
antidotes,  baleoms,  gummes,  unguents,  implaisters,  oyles,  potions, 
snppositors,  and  purging  pils,  &c."  In  fact,  he  seems  to  have  been 
excellently  well  supplied  with  every  requisite. 

Fox  sailed  from  Deptford  on  the  3rd  of  May,  1631,  and  arrived  off 
Gape  Chidley  on  the  20th  June.  He  at  once  pushed  on  through  the 
Strait,  and  with  apparently  such  haste  and  energy  as  to  provoke  a  protest 
from  his  officers,  who  were  induced  to  ask  him  his  reasons  for  hastening 
on  so  fast,  and  why  he  did  not  give  them  more  rest.  The  reply  was  charac- 
teristic of  the  man :  he  said,  '*  that  it  fared  with  him  as  with  the  mackerell 
men  of  London,  who  must  hasten  to  market  before  the  fish  stinke." 

His  description  of  the  ice  that  he  encountered  in  the  Strait  is  so  good, 
and  so  exactly  coincides  with  my  own  experience  of  the  ice  in  the 
same  locality,  that  I  make  no  apology  for  introducing  it  here. 

He  writes  that  the  ice  in  the  Strait  consists  of  two  kinds,  one  of 
which  is  '*  as  mountainous  ice,  which  is  a  huge  piece,  compact,  of  a  great 
quantity,  some  of  more,  somme  of  lesse ;  but  in  this  freet  you  seldome 
have  any  bigger  than  a  great  church,  and  the  most  thereof  lesse ; "  this, 
of  course,  has  reference  to  the  icebergs  met  at  the  entrance,  and  in  the 
eastern  part,  of  Hudson's  Strait.  He  then  describes,  as  follows,  the 
floe,  or  pack,  ice  that  he  saw.  "  The  other  is  smaller,  and  that  we  call 
masht  or  fleacht  ice.  Of  this  you  shall  there  have  numbers  infinite, 
some  of  the  quantity  of  a  rood,  some  a  pearch,  ^  an  acre,  some  2  acres ; 
but  the  most  is  small  and  about  a  foot  or  2,  or  more  above  the  water, 
and  8  or  10  or  more  under  the  water,  and  those  are  they  which  doe 
inclose  you ;  so  as  in  much  wind,  from  the  topmast  head  you  shall  hardly 
see  atoy  water  for  them,  but  while  you  lie  amongst  them,  it  is  so  smooth 
as  you  shall  not  feele  the  ship  stirre." 

VOL.  II.  2  T 


CSS  HUDSON'S  BAY  AND  STKAIT. 

It  would  not  be  possible  to  give  a  more  accurate  deBoription  of  the  con- 
ditions of  the  ice  in  Hudson's  Strait  at  the  present  day  than  this  acconnt 
fumished  by  Captain  Fos  more  than  250  years  ago.  It  exactly  describes 
the  peculiar  nature  of  the  ice  that  ia  usually  met  with  daring  the 
navigable  season  in  this  channel,  and  which  I  have  not  observed  in  any 
other  part  of  the  northern  regions. 

Captain  Luke  Fos  was  evidently  a  man  of  humour,  as  the  following 
anecdote  will  show.  Having  to  reprove  one  of  his  officers  publicly  for 
showing  discontent  at  being  called  up  earlier  than  usual  one  morning  to 
get  the  ship  under  weigh,  he  says,  "  I  told  the  rest  that  the  matter  was 
not  great,  for  the  children  did  so  when  they  were  awaked  out  of  their 
sleep."  He  goes  on  to  say  that  "  this  fayre  dayea  west  wind  blew  cold 
and  uncoutli  from  out  the  passage  [meaning  probably  the  north-west 
passage  that  he  hoped  to  discover].  Wee  are  all  upon  kind  tearmcs, 
drinking  one  to  another.  God  hold  it.  This  morning  (July  3)  the  aunne 
licktup  thefoggeadew,  as  soone  as  hee  began  to  rise,  and  made  a  shining 
day  of  it ;  I  cannot  say  hot,  it  being  counter-chect  by  a  coole  top-sayle 
gale  from  west  north  west,  which  niado  our  noses  runne." 

Fox,  apparentl}',  experienced  but  little  opposition  from  the  ice  during 
his  passage  through  the  Strait,  fur  in  about  three  weeks  after  entering 
it  ho  was  in  the  vicinity,  or  had  already  passed.  Cape  Digues,  Nottingham, 
and  Mansol  Islands.  On  the  2l8t  July  he  was  off  Cary's  Swan's  Kest, 
thence  sailing  along  the  north-west  coast  of  Hudson's  Bay,  he  discovered 
an  island  which  he  named  Sir  Tliomna  Kowo's  Welcome. 

This  name  was  subsequently  applied,  not  only  to  the  island  original^ 
so  called,  but  also  to  the  strait,  or  channel,  in  which  it  is  situated, 
which  is  now  invariably  alluded  to  as  "  The  \\'eleorae.''" 

From  the  Welcome,  in  accordance  with  his  written  instructions,  For 
sailed  to  the  south-west,  in  order  to  eearch  for  the  passage  which  was 
supposed  to  exist  south  of  the  63rd  parallel.  On  his  way  he  discovered 
an  island,  which  he  called  Brooke  Cobham,  and  a  small  group  of  islands 
adjacent  which  he  named  "  Brigges  his  Mathematickes,"  after  the  two 
gentlemen  who  were  mainly  instrumental  in  presenting  the  petilii 
Charles  I. 

On  the  2nd  of  August  ho  was  off  an  island  whiuJi  he  assumed 
the  Hopes  Check'd  of  Sir  Thomas  Button,  and  on  the  10th  he  en 
the  Nelson  river,  where  he  anchored  in  a  snug  berth  that  afforded  tte- 
necessary  facilities  for  refitting  hia  ship,  and  for  constructing  a  small 
pinnace  that  had  been  brought  out  in  pieces  from  England- 
Here  he  found,  and  restored,  a  cross  that  had  been  put  up  in  1G12  by 
Button,  as  a  symbol  of  his  having  taken  possession  of  the  land. 

After  leaving  the  Nelson  river,  Fos  sailed  along  the  coast  to  tli« 
southward,  meeting  on  the  30th  August  the  Maria,  which  ship  had  that 

■  This  island  was,  in  all  probabililv,  tbnt  to  wbiuli  tJio  name  of  No  Ultra 
\<j  Bir  Thomng  Button. 


ship  had  that         I 
}  Ultra  i«aagiMA3 


HUDSON'S  BAY  AND  STRAIT.  639 

year  been  despatched  by  the  merchants  of  Bristol,  under  the  command 
of  Captain  James,  also  for  the  purpose  of  discovering  a  noi-th-west 
passage.  This  was  the  first  meeting  of  the  two  ships,  although  they 
had  been  very  close  to  each  other  on  several  occasions  in  the  Strait,  and 
also  off  Besolution  Island,  without,  however,  being  aware  of  it.  They  re* 
mained  in  company  for  a  day,  exchanging  visits,  &c.,  when  they  separated, 
Fox  continuing  his  course  to  the  southward.  In  latitude  55^  14'  he  was 
in  sight  of  land,  which  he  named  ''  Wolstenholme*s  Ultima  Yale,"  and 
then,  having  made  up  his  mind  that  no  prospect  offered  of  discovering  a 
passage  between  latitude  65°  30'  and  55°  10',  he  steered  to  the  north-east. 
This  was  on  the  3rd  of  September,  when  the  days  were  already  becoming 
perceptibly  shorter,  and  the  navigable  season  drawing  to  a  close. 

On  the  following  day  he  discovered  an  island  in  latitude  57°  55' 
which  he  named  "  The  Sleepe."  On  the  7th  he  saw  the  "  Gary's  Swan's 
Nest "  of  Button,  and  the  next  day  he  sighted  Cape  Pembroke  in  latitude 
62°  23'. 

Thence  shaping  a  course  to  the  north-east,  he  discovered  and  named 
two  points  of  land,  respectively.  Cape  Linsey  and  Point  Peregrine.  On 
the  14th  he  was  off  Seahorse  Point,  and  saw  the  Mill  Islands  the 
following  day ;  he  appears  to  have  taken  the  ship  through  some  channel 
or  strait,  to  the  westward  of  these  islands,  to  which  he  gave  the  name  of 
«  Hurin's  Through-let." 

In  this  neighbourhood  he  remained  for  three  days,  when  he  continued 
his  course  northwards,  naming  two  prominent  headlands  '*  King  Charles 
his  promontory  "  and  '*  Cape  Maria,"  the  former  in  latitude,  by  estima- 
tion, 04°  46',  and  the  latter  in  65°  13'. 

Three  islands  to  the  northward  of  King  Charles  Promontory  were 
called  the  Trinitie  Islands,  and  a  fourth  was  named  Isle  Cooke. 

On  the  20th  September,  a  headland  was  passed  in  latitude  65°  50',  to 
which  Fox  gave  the  name  of  Lord  Westons  Portland,  and  on  the  22nd 
he  reached  a  point,  which  he  places  in  latitude  66^  47',  where,  he  says, 
the  land  trended  south-east,  and  to  which  he  gave  the  name  of  '*  Fox  his 
farthest." 

Here  Fox  having,  from  observations  taken,  arrived  at  the  conclusion 
^subsequently  ascertained  to  be  an  erroneous  one)  that  the  flood  tide 
•came  from  the  south-east,  and  that  there  was,  in  consequence,  no  hope  of 
a  passage  in  that  direction,  and  as  several  of  his  men  were  attacked  by 
.scurvy,  resolved  to  discontinue  further  research  and  to  sail  for  England. 
He,  like  his  predecessors,  imagined  that  the  navigable  season  in  high 
latitudes  terminated  in  August,  although  his  own  experience  ought 
to  have  convinced  him  that  such  a  reasoning  was  fallacious,  for  it  was 
not  until  late  in  September  that  he  decided  to  return,  up  to  which  time 
his  progress  had  been  but  little  impeded  by  ice ;  indeed  the  word  ice,  as 
an  obstacle  to  navigation,  does  not  even  appear  in  his  narrative  during 
the  entire  month  of  September.    He  was,  however,  evidently  appre- 

2  T  2 


6iff  HUDSON'S  BAY  ASD  STRAIT, 

heusiTe  of  being  canglit  by  the  winter,  and"  altbougt  bo  does  not 
mention  seeing  ice  in  large  quantities,  be  writes,  as  his  reason  for  re- 
linquishing further  exploration,  that  "  the  weather  had  boene  for  aboub 
3  wsekea  before,  nothing  but  enowe,  frost  and  sleet  at  best,  oursel' 
ropes  and  sayles  froaze,  the  sun  seldomtj  to  bo  aeene,  or  once 
ftayes,  the  nights  13  hourcs  long,  the  moono  wayning.  And  in  ood- 
clnsion,  I  was  enforced  cither  to  seoke  for  harbour,  or  freeze  to  death  ic 
the  eea."  This  was  rather  an  einggemted  view  to  take  of  his  position, 
although  it  is  one  that  we  cannot  blame  him  for  accepting,  but  we  no^r 
know  that  the  months  of  September  and  October,  in  spite  of  the  indis- 
putable fact  that  the  days  aro  getting  shorter  and  the  temjierattire 
decreasing,  arc  the  best  months  for  navigating  the  Strait,  as  it  ia  then 
practically  clear  of  ice- 
In  connection  with  the  decision  arrived  at  by  Fox  with  regard  to  the 
tides.  Sir  Edward  Parry,  an  unquestionable  authority,  writes: — "There 
can  bo  little  doubt  that  this  irregularity  is  principally  occasioned  by  a. 
meeting  of  the  tides  hereabouts,  for  there  is  tolerable  evidence  of  tbo 
flood  coming  from  the  northward  down  the  great  opening  leading  to 
Fox's  Farthest,  and  which  I  have  called  Fox's  Channel.  This  tide  meet- 
ing the  rapid  stream  which  sets  from  tho  eastward,  through  Hudson's 
Strait,  must  of  necessity  produco  such  a  disturbance  as  has  here  been 
noticed." 

Further  on,  Sir  Edward  writca : — "  Baffin  particularly  insists  on 
being  the  case  (viz.  the  northerly  set  of  tho  tide  down  Fox's  CbannolJ 
both  near  Trinity  Islands  and  off  Southampton  Island,  and  I  think,  not- 
withstanding a  contrary  opinion  held  by  Fox  and  Gourin,  our  observa- 
tions of  the  tides  in  this  neighbourhood,  and  subsequently  at  Winter 
Island  seem  to  confirm  those  of  Baffin." 

There  is  yet  much  to  bo  learnt  regarding  the  direction  and  force  of 
tho  tides,  in  the  regions  that  are  situated  immediately  to  the  northward 
of  Hudson's  Bay,  and  also  in  Hudson's  Strait  itself.  Later  experience, 
however,  goes  very  largely  to  prove  that  Sir  Edward  Parry's  deduo- 
tions,  based  on  observations  made  during  a  sojonm  in  the  neighbourhood 
of  three  summers  and  two  winters,  were  correct,  and  that  Fox's  oon- 
clusioDS  were  erroneous. 

Although  Fox  had  abandoned  all  hopes  of  discovering  tho  North- 
Passage,  ho  continued  his  explorations  during  the  return  journey, 
did  not  fail  to  name  several  promontories,  headlands,  islands,  &c.,  in  fais' 
quaint  fashion. 

Standing  to  the  south-east  on  tjo  22nd  September,  he  discovered 
headland    and    named  it   Capo  Dorchester.      Passing   Baffin' 
Charles's  Foreland,"  he  observed  a  "  faire  sound,"  to  which  hi 
name  of  "  The  Prince  his  cradle,"  whilst  an  island  situated 
westward  was  called  "  Tho  Prince  bis  nurse." 

A  headland,  E.8.E.  ten  leagues  from  Prince  Charles's  Forehand,  ha] 


JOttt    I    '    ■ 

ooo-   ■      ■ 


HUDSOll'S  BAY  AND  STRAIT.  641 

named  Cape  Dorset,  whilst  another  cape  three  leagues  further  to  the 
<eastward  he  called  Gape  Cooke.  Between  these  two  last-named  capes, 
in  a  deep  bay,  he  named  an  island  Isle  Nicholas. 

Capes  Linsey,  Portland,  Dorset,  and  Dorchester  were  named  after  the 
Lords  Commissioners  of  the  Admiralty,*  Nicholas  Island  was  called  after 
the  Secretary  of  the  Admiralty,  whilst  two  islands  in  the  vicinity  of 
Queen's  Cape,  were  named  respectively  Sackfield  and  Crowe,  after  Sir 
Sackfield  Crowe,  late  Treasurer  of  the  Navy. 

On  the  27th  September,  only  five  days  after  reaching  his  furthest 
position,  so  little  were  his  movementa  hampered  by  ice,  he  passed  through 
the  Strait  and  was  off  Besolution  Island,  and  on  the  31st  October,  tiie 
Charles  reached  England. 

Captain  Fox  concludes  his  narrative  in  the  following  words : — "  The 
31,  blessed  be  Almighty  God,  I  came  into  the  Downes,  with  all  my 
men  recovered  and  sound,  not  having  lost  one  man  nor  boy,  nor  any 
manner  of  tackling,  having  beene  forth  near  six  months.  All  glory  be  to 
God." 

Captain  Fox's  voyage,  in  spite  of  the  sneers  and  sarcasms  that  have 
been  levelled  at  it  by  modem  writers,  added  greatly  to  the  scant  geo- 
graphical knowledge  that  was  then  possessed  of  Hudson's  Bay,  Strait 
and  adjacent  waters,  and  whatever  may  be  said  of  his  conceit  and 
quaintness,  there  is  but  little  doubt  that  he  was  a  skilful  sailor,  a  keen 
observer,  and  an  energetic  and  enterprising  explorer. 

I  have  given  the  narrative  of  this  voyage,  together  with  thoee  of 
Hudson  and  Baffin,  in  some  detail,  because  I  regard  these  men  as  being 
essentially  the  pioneers  of  geographical  discovery  in  Hudson's  Bay,  for 
they  did  more  towards  the  exploration  of  that  region,  than  has  subse- 
quently been  performed  by  later  navigators.  I  shall  not  allude  at  such 
length  to  the  doings  of  their  successors. 

The  merchants  of  Bristol,  not  to  be  behind  those  of  London  in  their 
praiseworthy  endeavours  to  accumulate  wealth  by  geographical  dis- 
covery, also  despatched  a  ship  named  the  Maria  of  70  tons,  for  the 
purpose  of  searching  for  the  North-west  Passage  through  Hudson's 
Strait.  She  was  commanded  by  Captain  James,  and  sailed  out  of  the 
Severn  on  the  same  day  that  Captain  Fox  left  the  Thames  in  the 
(Jharles,  namely  the  3rd  of  May,  1631. 

Of  the  antecedents  of  Captain  James,  little  or  nothing  is  known,  prior 
to  his  being  selected  by  the  Bristol  merchants  to  command  this  expedi- 
tion. He  does  not,  however,  appear  to  have  been  a  man  fitted  for  the 
conduct  of  such  an  enterprise,  being,  from  all  accounts,  devoid  of  skill, 
energy,  and  judgment.  After  beiog  nearly  destroyed  by  the  ice  off  Cape 
Farewell  on  the  6th  of  June,  the  Maria  reached  Besolution  Island  on  the 
24t\  but  in  consequence  of  striking  on  a  rock,  and  being  much  hampered 

*  In  1628  the  office  of  Lord  High  Admixal  had  been  placed  in  oommisaioD,  for  the 
first  time  in  oar  history. 


643 


HDDSOtrS  BAT  A>.T)  STBArT. 


by  ice,  it  was  not  until  the  middle  of  July  that  the  vicinity  o 
Diggee  Islands  was  reached. 

The  account  of  getting  the  ship  off  the  rock  is  thns  deBcribed : 
made  fast  cables  and  hawsers  aloft  to  the  masts,  and  bo  to  the  rocks, 
straining  them  tant  with  our  tackles  i  but  as  the  water  ebbed  away,  tbo 
ship  was  turned  over,  that  we  could  not  stand  ia  her.  Having  now 
done  to  tbo  best  of  our  underKtaiidings,  bnt  to  little  purpose,  wo  went 
all  upon  a  piece  of  ice,  and  fell  to  prayer,  beseeching  Ciod  to  be  merciful 
unto  UB."  The  following  general  advice  to  those  navigating  Hudson's 
Strait  is  gratuitously  given  by  Captain  James,  by  which  his  capacity  as 
an  explorer  may  fairly  accurately  be  ganged;  "  I  advise  no  one  to  come 
near  those  dangerous  shores,  for  fear  he  lose  bis  ship."  Comment  on 
such  advice  is  unnecessary. 

On  the  16th  of  Augiist  they  were  off  Port  Nelson,  whence  steering  a 
south-easterly  course  they  sighted  a  capo  on  the  2nd  of  September  in 
latitude  55"  5',  which  was  named  Cape  Henrietta  Maria. 

Prior  to  this,  on  the  30th,  as  already  related,  ihoy  sighted  and  com- 
municated with  the  Charles,  under  Captain  Luke  Fox,  with  wbom  they 
remained  in  company  for  seventeen  hours. 

On  the  12tb  of  September  they  again  contrived  to  run  the  ship  on 
shore  off  the  coast  of  America,  in  latitude  52°  30'.  Erentnally,  after 
numerous  perils,  the  result  of  ignorance  and  inexperience,  they  reached 
an  island,  subsequently  named  Charlton  Island,  in  latitude  52%  where 
they  decided  upon  wintering. 

The  hardships  and  privations  thatwcre  ensured  by  these  unfortunate 
people  were  most  appalling.  Nothing  seonis  to  have  gone  right,  and  a 
most  dismal  account  is  given  of  the  manner  in  which  the  winter  was 
passed.  Indeed  the  whole  narrative  is  replete  with  complainings  of  the 
sufferings  they  were  subjected  to. 

As  it  was  impossiblo,  from  the  position  and  leaky  condition  of  the 
ship,  to  live  on  board,  a  bouse  was  constructed  with  much  labour  and 
difficulty  on  shore,  in  which  they  passed  the  winter,  but  oven  here  their 
troubles  ceased  not,  and  on  one  occasion,  through  negligence  or  care- 
lessness, their  house  was  nearly  destroyed  by  fire. 

A  curious  story  is  related  of  the  gunner  of  the  ship,  who  was  so 
Beriously  injured  on  the  21st  of  August  aa  to  necessitate  the  amputation 
of  one  of  his  legs.  The  poor  man  lingered  until  the  22nd  of  November, 
when  bo  died,  and  was  committed  to  the  deep  at  eome  distance  from  the 
ship.  On  the  18th  of  May,  six  months  after  the  committal  of  the  body  to 
the  sea,  the  master  who,  it  is  related,"  was  looking  about  him,  discovered 
some  part  of  our  gunner  under  the  gun-room  ports.  The  I9th,  in  the 
morning,  I  sent  men  to  dig  bim  out.  He  was  fast  in  the  ice,  his  head 
downwards  and  his  heel  upwards,  for  ho  had  but  one  leg ;  and  the 
plaister  was  yet  at  the  wound.  In  the  afternoon  they  had  digged  him 
clear  out,  and  be  was  as  fieo  from  noisomness  as  when  wo  first  committed 
,  him  to  the  sea.    This  alteration  had  the  ice,  and  water,  and  time  only 


HUDSON'S  BAY  AND  STRAIT.  643 

4 

wrought  on  him,  that  his  flesh  would  slip  up  and  down  upon  his  bones 
like  a  glove  on  a  man's  hand." 

In  February,  to  add  to  their  miseries,  scurvy  broke  out,  and  reduoed 
them  all  to  a  very  helpless  condition. 

It  is  needless  to  follow  them  through  all  their  sufferings  during  a 
long  and  hard  winter ;  suffice  it  to  say,  that  they  succeeded  in  breaking 
out  of  winter  quarters  during  the  first  week  in  July,  and  eventually, 
without  any  further  adventures  worth  mentioning,  they  reached  Bristol 
on  the  23rd  of  October. 

It  would  not  be  amiss  to  wind  up  the  narrative  of  Captain  James's 
expedition  with  the  following  quotation  from  his  journal,  and  the  accom- 
panying lines,  which  were  inspired  by  his  poetical  muse  on  visiting,  for 
the  last  time,  the  graves  of  the  men  belonging  to  the  Maria^  who  died 
during  the  winter  at  Charlton  Island. 

*'  July,  1632.  I  (Captain  James)  went  to  take  a  look  at  our  dead.  I 
uttered  these  lines,  which,  though  they  may  procure  laughter  in  the  wiser 
sort,  they  yet  moved  my  young  companions  with  some  compassion : — 

"  I  were  unkind,  unless  that  I  did  shed 
Some  tears  before  1  part  from  our  dead. 
And  when  my  eyes  be  dry,  I  will  not  cease 
In  heart  to  pray  their  bones  may  rest  in  peace. 
Their  better  parts  (good  souls)  I  know  were  given 
With  an  intent  they  should  return  to  Heaven. 
Their  bodies  they  spent  to  the  last  drop  of  blood 
Seeking  God's  glory  and  their  country's  good. 
So  have  they  spent  themselves,  and  here  they  lie — 
A  famous  mark  of  our  discovery. 
We  that  survive,  perchance  may  end  our  days 
In  some  employment  meriting  no  praise, 
Aud  on  a  dunghill  rot,  where  no  man  names 
The  memory  of  us,  but  to  our  shames. 
They  have  outlived  this  fear,  and  their  brave  ends 
Will  ever  be  an  honour  to  their  friends. 
The  winter's  cold  that  lately  froze  our  blood 
Now,  were  it  so  extreme,  might  do  this  good, 
To  make  these  tears  bright  pearls  which  I  would  lay 
Tomb'd  safely  with  you,  till  Doom's  fatal  day. 
So  grieved,  I  kiss  your  graves  and  vow  to  die, 
A  Foster-father  to  your  memory. 


*'  We  cast  from  shore  that  afternoon,  and  I  never  saw  that  dreary 
island  of  our  discovery  again." 

Captain  James's  narrative,  which  was  published  at  some  length,  has 
very  aptly  been  described  by  Sir  John  Barrow  as  a  '*  book  of  lamentation 
and  weeping  and  great  mourning" — a  better  description  of  it  is 
impossible.  The  result  of  the  expedition  in  a  geographical,  or  other 
scientific  point,  was  practically  nil;  from  first  to  last  it  was  a  sadly 
mismanaged  a£fair,  and  need  not  further  be  alluded  to. 


648  HUDSON'S  BAY  AND  STRAIT. 

Hndson'B  Bay  Compnuy.  Captain  Gillam  may,  in  ooneetinence,  ha 
regarded  as  the  pioneer  and  founder  of  'what  evcntnally  Ijecame  an 
influential  and  powerful  corporation.  Little  else  apiwars  to  have  been 
done  by  the  expedition,  and  the  Nonnich  returned  to  England  in  1CC9. . 

From  this  date,  for  a  [teriod  of  fifty  years,  no  interest  appears  to  LaTo 
been  taken  in  geographical  rcEcarch  in  the  region  of  Hudson's  Bay, 
although  the  Company's  ships  were  ficquently  employed  in  mailing  the 
voyage  from  and  to  England,  In  the  year  1719,  at  the  instigation  of  a 
Mr,  Enight,  an  official  in  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company,  an  expedition 
consisting  of  two  ships,  named  the  Albany  and  Diecotery,  was  despatched 
ty  the  Company,  partly  for  the  purpose  of  discovering  a  Noith-west 
Passage  through  the  Straits  of  Anian  to  the  South  Sea,  but  more,  I 
thinb,  with  a  view  of  discDvering  a  rich  mine  of  native  copper,  which 
the  Indians  reported  to  exi^t  to  the  uortLward. 

Captains  Barlow  and  Vaughan  were  appointed,  resjiectively,  to  tho 
command  of  the  Albany  and  Discovery,  but  they  were  also  accompanied  by 
Mr.  Enight,  who,  it  is  said,  was,  at  the  time,  nearly  eighty  years  of  age. 

They  sailed  from  Gravesend  in  1719,  but  as  three  years  elapsed 
without  receiving  any  tidings  of  them,  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company 
despatched  one  of  their  Bliii>s,  the  Whalebone,  in  quest.  She  sailed  from 
Churchill  on  the  22iid  June,  1722,  under  the  command  of  Captain  John 
Scroggs.  There  is  bnt  a  very  brief  account  of  the  proceedings  of  thi« 
cruise  extant,  Tho  ship  appears  to  have  reached  the  latitude  G4°  56', 
when  they  anchored  under  tho  lee  of  a  promontory,  to  which  the  name 
of  Whalebone  Point  was  given.  Tlio  land  from  this  ]>oint  trended  to  the 
southward  of  west,  and  the  rise  and  fall  of  the  tide  was  observed  to  bo 
30  ftet.  They  do  not  ap[Kiar  to  have  troubled  themselves  very  much 
about  searching  for  their  missing  countrymen,  their  minds  apparently 
being  more  fully  occupied  in  endeavouring  to  discover  the  locality  of  a 
rich  copper-mine,  the  existence  of  which  had  boon  brought  to  their 
knowledge  by  some  Indians.  They  returned  to  Churchill  the  same  yMT^, 
without  having  achieved  anything  of  interest  or  importance. 

It   was  not  until   1707    that  the  melancholy  fate  of  those  in 
missing  ships  Albany  and  Discover;/  was  ascertained. 

During  that  year,  some  of  the  boats  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company 
were  engaged  in  the  whale  fitihtry  as  far  north  as  Maible  Island,  when 
they  discovered,  in  a  harbour  near  ihe  east  end  of  the  island,  a  number  of 
guns,  anchors,  and  other  ships'  stores.  The  ruins  of  a  houM  were  aim 
found,  whilst  the  remains  of  the  hulls  of  two  ships  were  seen  under 
water.  Fnim  tho  articles  found,  and  also  from  information  obtained  frota 
the  Eskimos,  but  little  doubt  remained  that  these  wore  the  vessels 
commanded  by  Barlow  and  Vaughan,  who,  with  their  unfortnnato  crews, 
had  all  perished  from  scurvy  or  starvation. 

The  noxtimportautexpedition  that  was  despatched  for  tho  exploration 
of  Hudson's  Bay,  was  that  commanded  by  Captain  Middloton,  which  left 


"M 


HUDSON'S  BAT  AND  STRAIT.  645 

named  de  Grosseliez,  who,  foreseeing  the  great  advantage  that  might  be 
gained  by  trading  on  a  large  scale  with  the  natives  of  the  Bay  region, 
prevailed  upon  some  of  his  countrymen  to  join  with  him  in  the  equipment 
of  a  ship,  provided  with  the  nece»8ary  articles  for  trade,  in  which  he 
would  himself  pixxseed  to  Hudson^s  Bay  from  Quebec.  He  appears  to  have 
experienced  but  little  difficulty  in  sailing  through  the  Strait,  although  it 
was  somewhat  late  in  the  season  before  he  reached  the  Nelson  river. 
Here,  whilst  looking  for  game  and  searching  the  country  generally , 
«ome  of  his  men  reported  that  they  had  discovered  an  English  settle- 
ment, which  M.  de  Grosseliez  immediately  determined  to  attack  and 
capture. 

On  approaching  the  spot  indicated,  a  small  solitary  hut  was  seen, 
in  which  were  found  half-a-dozen  starving  wretches  on  the  verge  of 
dcatb,  suffering  from  disease  and  famine. 

The  tale  they  had  to  relate  was  a  piteous  one.  They  stated  that 
they  had  formed  part  of  the  crew  of  a  Boston  vessel,  and^that  they  had 
been  despatched  from  her  for  the  purpose  of  selecting  a  suitable  place  in 
which  the  ship  could  be  secured  for  the  winter.  Whilst  engaged  on  this 
duty,  the  ship  had  been  blown  off  by  a  storm,  and  had  not  since  been 
seen  by  them.  They  were  left  with  hardly  any  provisions,  and  would 
undoubtedly  have  perished,  had  they  not  been  rescued  and  succoured  by 
the  French. 

Having  explored  the  country  in  the  neighbourhood  of  the  Nelson 
river,  de  Grosseliez  sailed  for  Canada,  leaving  his  nephew  and  five  men 
to  pass  the  winter  in  Hudson's  Bay.  Being  unsuccessiful  in  his  attempt 
to  induce  his  countrymen,  either  in  Canada  or  in  France,  to  co-operate 
with  him  in  his  endeavours  to  establish  a  settlement  on  the  shores  of 
Hudson's  Bay  (the  account  given  of  the  climate  by  Captain  James  being 
in  all  probability  the  principal  cause  of  the  indifference  displayed),  he, 
at  the  instigation  of  Mr.  Montague,  the  English  Minister  at  that  time  in 
Palis,  sought  an  interview  with  Prince  Eupert,  who  immediately 
engaged  him  to  go  out  in  one  of  His  Majesty's  ships,  not  only  with  the 
view  of  trade,  but  also  with  the  object  of  discovering  a  North-west 


The  ship  selected  for  this  service  was  the  Nantuchf  and  Captain 
Zachariah  Gillam  was  appointed  to  the  command,  with  instructions  to 
take  de  Grosseliez  to  Hudson's  Bay,  and  to  explore  to  the  northward. 
Sailing  in  the  summer  of  1668,  they  claim  to  have  reached  the 
latitude  of  75°  in  Davis*s  Strait,  but  there  is  nothing  that  I  can  find 
on  record  to  substantiate  such  a  statement. 

The  Nonsuch  then  passed  through  Hudson's  Strait,  and  entering  the 
bay,  sailed  to  the  southward,  where  she  passed  the  winter  at  the  south 
extreme  of  James's  Bay,  in  Rupert's  [river.  Here  Fort  Charles  was 
established.  This  appears  to  be  the  first  English  fort,  or  settlement, 
formed  in  Hudson's  Bay,  and  was,  therefore,  the  beginning  of  the 


S4S  BUDS0-V3  BAY  AND  STRAIT. 

Hudson's  Bay   Company.      Captain   Gilkm    may,  in   GonReqnence,  be 

regarded  as  the  pioneer  and  founder  of  what  eventually  became  an 
influential  and  powerful  corporation.  Little  else  appears  to  have  been 
done  by  the  expedition,  and  the  Nonsuch  returned  to  England  in  1669. . 

From  this  date,  for  a  period  of  fifty  years,  no  interest  apjicars  to  bavo 
been  taken  in  geographical  research  in  the  region  of  Hudson's  Bay, 
although  the  Company's  ships  were  frequently  employed  in  nuking  tho 
voyago  from  and  to  England.  In  the  year  1719,  at  the  instigation  of  a 
Mr.  Knight,  an  ofBeial  in  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company,  an  expedition 
consisting  of  two  ships,  named  the  Albany  and  Discover!/,  was  despatched 
by  the  Company,  partly  for  the  purpose  of  discovering  a  North-west 
Passage  through  the  Straits  of  Anlau  to  tho  South  Sea,  but  more,  I 
think,  with  a  view  of  discovering  a  rich  mine  of  native  copper,  whicb 
the  Indians  reported  lo  exiKt  to  the  northward. 

Captains  Barlow  and  Taughan  were  appointed,  respectively,  to  tho 
command  of  the  Albany  and  Diecovery,  but  they  were  also  accompanied  by 
Mr.  Knight,  who,  it  is  said,  veas,  at  the  time,  nearly  eighty  years  of  age. 

They  sailed  from  Gravesend  in  1719,  but  as  three  years  elapsed 
without  receiving  any  tidings  of  them,  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company 
despatched  ono  of  their  ships,  the  Whalebone,  in  quest.  She  sailed  Jrom 
Churchill  on  the  22nd  June,  1722,  under  the  command  of  Captain  John 
Scroggs.  There  is  but  a  very  brief  account  of  tho  proceedings  of  this 
cruise  extant.  The  ship  appears  to  have  reached  the  latitude  64*  56', 
when  thoy  anchored  under  tho  lee  of  a  promontory,  to  which  the  name 
of  Whalebone  Point  was  given.  Tlie  land  from  this  point  trended  to  tho 
southward  of  west,  and  the  rise  and  fall  of  the  tide  was  observed  to  bo 
30  feet.  They  do  not  appear  to  have  troubled  themselves  very  mnch 
about  searching  for  their  missing  countrymen,  their  minds  apparently 
being  more  fully  occupied  in  endeavouring  to  discover  the  locality  of  u 
rich  copper-mine,  the  exiatonca  of  which  had  been  brought  to  their 
knowledge  by  some  Indians,  They  returned  to  Churchill  tiie  same  yea^ 
without  having  achieved  anything  of  interest  or  importance. 

It   was   not   until   1767    that  the  melancholy  fate  of  those  in  i 
missing  ships  Albany  and  Ditcovery  was  ascertained. 

During  that  year,  some  of  the  boats  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company 
were  engaged  in  tho  whale  fishery  as  fur  north  as  Maible  Island,  when 
they  discovered,  in  a  harbour  near  iho  east  end  of  I  he  island,  a  nnmbei-  of 
guns,  anchors,  and  other  ships'  stores.  The  ruins  of  a  houee  were  aW 
found,  whilst  the  remains  of  the  hulls  of  two  ships  were  seen  nnder 
water.  Prum  tho  articles  found,  and  also  from  information  obtained  front 
the  Eskimos,  but  little  doubt  remained  that  these  were  the  vessels 
commanded  by  Barlow  and  Vaughan,  who,  with  their  unfortunate  crews, 
had  all  perished  froai  scurvy  or  utarvation. 

The  nest  important  expedition  that  was  despatched  for  the  exploration 
of  Hudson's  Bay,  was  that  commanded  by  Captain  Middloton,  which  loft 


HUDSON'S  BAY  AND  STRAIT.  647 

England  in  1741.    It  consisted  of  the  Furnace  bomb,  and  the  Dtscoveiy 
pink,  the  latter  commanded  by  Mr.  William  Moor. 

The  despatch  of  this  expedition  was  dae  entirely  to  the  exertions  of  a 
Mr.  Arthur  Dobbs,  who  prevailed  on  the  Admiralty  to  allow  the  Furnace^ 
a  ship  of  the  Navy,  to  be  appropriated  for  the  service.  The  first  winter, 
through  some  unavoidable  detention,  was  passed  at  Churchill.  Thence 
they  sailed  on  the  Ist  July,  1742,  and  proceeding  northwards,  sailed  up 
the  Welcome,  until  they  reached  the  entrance  of  the  Wager  river  in 
latitude  65°  23'.  After  vainly  searching  for  a  passage  for  some  days, 
they  stood  to  the  southward  and  eventually  sailed  for  England.  Thi» 
expedition,  like  so  many  of  the  preceding  ones,  was  also  barren  of  results* 
On  its  return  to  England  a  long  and  acrimonious  controversy  was  carried 
on  between  Mr.  Dobbsand  Captain  Middleton,  regarding  the  direction  of 
the  tides  and  other  matters,  the  former  accusing  Captain  Middleton  of 
having  acted  treacherously,  and  for  having  given  a  false  account  of  hia 
proceedings ;  and  even  for  having  been  largely  bribed  by  the  Hudsona 
Bay  Company  not  to  make  any  discoveries. 

The  Admiralty  called  on  Captain  Middleton  to  reply  to  these  charges^ 
which  he  did  at  some  length,  but  he  does  not  appear  to  have  done  so  to- 
the  satisfaction  of  their  lordships. 

In  the  year  following,  viz.  1743,  an  Act  of  Parliament  was  passed,. 
offering  a  reward  of  20,000/.  for  the  discovery  of  a  North-west  Passage. 

Stimulated  by  this  reward,  a  company  was  formed  which  succeeded  in> 
raising,  by  subscription,  a  sum  of  10,000/.,  divided  into  100  shares  of  100/.. 
each. 

Two  vessels  were  purchased,  the  Dohhs  galley,  of  180  tons  burden,, 
and  the  California,  of  140  tons.  Captain  William  Moor,  who  had  sailed 
with  Middleton  in  the  previous  expedition,  was  selected  for  the  command,, 
and  Captain  Francis  Smith  was  appointed  to  the  California. 

The  account  of  this  expedition  is  related  by  Mr.  Henry  Ellis,  who,, 
although  a  seaman,  accompanied  it  in  the  capacity  of  agent.  Elaborate- 
instructions  were  drawn  up  for  their  guidance,  and  they  sailed  fromi 
Yarmouth  on  the  3l8t  May,  1746.  Resolution  Island  was  reached  on  th& 
8th  of  July,  and  although  they  encountered  but  very  little  ice  at  the 
entrance  to  the  Strait,  their  progress  was  subsequently  considerably 
hindered  by  it.  On  the  2nd  of  August  they  passed  Digges  Islands,  and 
then  shaped  a  course  for  the  west  side  of  the  Welcome,  but  being  under 
the  impression  that  the  season  was  too  far  advanced  for  fnrtber 
exploration,  they  proceeded  to  York  Factory,  which  they  reached  on  the 
26th  August. 

Here,  in  spite  of  the  inhospitable  protestations  and  incivility,  to  use 
no  harsher  term,  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  officials,  tbey  passed  the  winter,, 
having  hauled  the  ships  into  Hayes  river.  Huts  wore  built  on  shore  ini 
which  the  officers  and  men  were  accommodated.  During  the  winter  they 
were  attacked  with  scurvy,  produced  in  all  probability  by  an  inordinate* 


«4S 


liCnsON'S  BAY  AND  STRAIT. 


use  of  spirituous  drinks,  for  they  appear  to  liave  lieeii  only  too  wrfl 
:snpplied  with  brandy  and  beer. 

On  the  2ith  June,  the  ships  left  York  Factory,  and  proceeded  to 
Marble  Island,  where  they  remained  comfortably  at  anchor,  whilst  a 
toot,  specially  fitted  for  the  purpose,  was  sent  to  explore,  but  withoat 
any  important  results.  Further  exploration  was  relinquished  in  August, 
and  the  ships  proceeded  to  England,  passing  Besolution  Island  on  the 
'9th  of  September,  without  hindrance  from  ice  in  the  Strait. 

Begnrding  the  alleged  dangers  and  difficultios  in  navigating  Hudson's 
.Strait,  Mr.  Ellis  writes— "We  know  that  this  navigation  is  far  from 
being  bo  perilous,  as  it  is  represented ;  and  it  will  be  shown  that  there 
are  very  good  grounds  to  expect  that  this  passage  (viz.  the  North-west 
Faseage)  is  not  either  narrow  or  encumbered  with  ice,  but  may  be  both 
passed  and  repassed  in  the  oompass  of  the  same  summer." 

Captain  Middleton  also  makes  light  of  the  difficulties  of  getting 
Ihrough  the  Strait ;  he  writes,  "  We  make  no  account  of  conquering  tho 
■current,  fogs,  Ac.,  in  IIudsDn's  Bay  and  Straits.  As  to  observing 
latitude  in  foggy  soasons,  I  have  seldom  missed  two  dajs  together." 

In  1748  a  Mr.  Wales  was  sent  to  Churchill  by  order  of  the  Roytl 
Society. 

He  reached  Itesolution  Island  on  the  23rd  of  July,  and  saw  many 
icebergs,  but  had  no  difficulty  in  getting  through  the  Strait,  and 
was  actually  off  Cape  Cburchill  on  the  7th  August.  He  sailed  from 
■Churchill  on  the  same  day  the  following  jear,  and  reached  England 
on  the  nth  of  October.  Jle  was  only  nine  days  going  through  the 
.Strait,  during  which  time  thoy  met  with  no  ice  to  interfere  with  their 
jirogress,  but  were  much  delayei  bj-  contrary  wind  and  calms. 

During  the  whole  of  the  tigbteenth  century,  vessels  belonging  to 
Iho  Hudson's  Bay  Company  made  annual  voyages  to  and  fiom  £ogI 
to  York  and  Moose  Factories.    It  was  very  rarely  that  they  fuled 
make  the  voyage,  and  but  few  of  their  ships  were  lost. 

One  of  the  masters  iu  the  Company's  service,  a  Captain  Coats,  who 
had  been  many  years  employed  in  the  service,  wrote  a  very  practical 
And  interesting  treatise  in  1750,  which  he  named  the  Geography  of 
Hudson's  Bay.  This  has,  within  the  last  few  years,  been  reproduced 
by  the  Hakluyt  Society.  It  contains  veiy  clear  and  concise  sailing 
directions  for  vessels  navigating  the  Strait  and  Bay. 

In  1701,  at  the  instance  of  the  Governors  of  the  Hudson's  Bay 
■Company,  a  vessel  called  the  Bearer  was  fitted  out,  and  sailed  from  the 
Thames  on  the  2ud  of  May,  with  the  object  of  discovering  the  North-west 
Passage,  round  the  north-eastern  extremiiy  of  America,  by  proceeding  up 
the  Welcome.  The  command  was  entrusted  to  a  Mr.  Duncan,  a  niasb» 
in  the  Koyal  Navy.  Ho  is  reported  to  have  encountered  much  it»  in 
Hudson's  Strait,  whioh  so  delayed  him  that  it  was  not  until  the  5th 
•of  September  that  he  reached  Churchill,  where  he  passed  the  winter. 


ogto 
■■°~'l^J 


HUDSON'S  BAT  AND  STRAIT.  649* 

They  left  on  the  15th  July  the  following  year,  and  sailing  np  as  far  as- 
Chesterfield  Inlet  returned  again  to  Churchill  in  August,  the  crew 
having  mutinied  and  refasod  to  go  any  further.  It  is  said  that  they 
were  encouraged  in  their  rebellious  attitude  by  the  first  mate,  who  was** 
an  officer  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company. 

This  was  the  last  expedition  undertaken  for  geographical  discovery 
in  the  region  of  Hudson's  Bay,  until  the  one  sent  out  by  the  English 
Government  in  1821,  commanded  by  the  late  Sir  Edward  Parry.  This 
was  followed  in  1824,  by  that  under  Captain  Lyon  in  the  Griper,  and; 
twelve  years  after,  by  the  one  despatched  under  the  command  of  the  late- 
Sir  Qeorge  Back. 

The  events  of  these  three  memorable  voyages  are  matters  of  history, 
and  are  so  well  known  that  it  would  be  superfluous  on  my  part  even  to- 
give,  in  the  very  briefest  detail,  an  outline  of  the  work  performed  by 
them.  I  shall  therefore  content  myself  with  a  simple  reference  to  what 
has  been  written  by  the  distinguished  officers  who  commanded  those- 
expeditions  as  bearing  on  the  navigation  of  Hudson's  Strait. 

The  ships  under  Sir  Edward  Parry,  it  will  be  remembered,  were- 
the  Fury  and  Hecla,  Much  ice  was  encountered  at  the  entrance  of 
Hudson's  Strait  on  the  outward  journey,  and  nearly  the  entire  month 
of  July  was  occupied  in  getting  through ;  but  the  delay  was  occasioned 
as  much  by  adverse  winds  and  calms  as  by  the  ice.  On  the  21st  July, 
Parry  writes,  ''bodies  of  ice  became  less  and  less  numerous  as  wo 
advanced  up  the  Strait  from  Besolution  Island,  and  none  were  seen  after 
we  had  proceeded  a  few  leagues  beyond  the  Upper  Savage  Islands."  Ox> 
the  25th,  he  reports  '*  the  sea  almost  free  from  ice."  On  the  26th, ''  saw 
no  ice  this  day,  except  a  few  streams  here  and  there."  On  the  27th  and 
28th  he  writes : — "  Ice  in  great  quantities,  but  the  pieces  so  loose  as* 
easily  to  allow  the  passage  of  a  ship  with  a  free  wind.  This  ice  was  so* 
honeycombed  and  rotten  that  it  appeared  in  a  fair  way  of  being  entirely 
dissolved  in  the  course  of  a  few  weeks."  This  was,  in  all  probability, 
ice  that  had  drifted  down  through  Fox  Channel  ?  The  weather  on  tho- 
whole  was  fijie  and  clear,  only  four  foggy  days  being  recorded  during- 
the  month  of  July. 

During  the  return  journey  of  the  Fury  and  Heda,  they  were  only  fivo- 
days,  namely,  from  the  17th  to  the  23rd  September,  passing  through  tho- 
3trait,  during  which  time  no  ice  whatever  was  to  be  seen. 

Begarding  the  best  time  for  navigating  the  Strait,  Sir  Edward  Parr3r 
says : — '*  Long  experience  has  brought  those  who  frequent  this  naviga- 
tion to  the  conclusion  that  in  most  seasons  no  advantage  is  to  be  gained 
by  attempting  to  enter  Hudson  Strait  earlier  than  the  fii"st  week  in  July,, 
the  annual  disruption  of  the  ice,  which  occupies  the  upper  and  mid^e- 
parts  of  the  Strait,  being  supposed  not  to  take  place  till  about  this  time. 
In  the  course  of  our  single  year's  experience  in  these  parts,  we  have  seeiv 
nothing  to  recommend  a  practice  different  from  that  at  present  pursued 


4M  HUDSON'S  BAY  AKD  STRAIT. 

T)y  the  shipB  of  the  IluJson's  Bay  Company."  I  cordially  concmr  with 
■every  word  In  this  quotation,  for  it  exactly  corresponds  with  my  own 
■experience  and  tny  own  views;  Imt  the  fact  must  not  be  overliwked 
that  this  advice  is  addressed  to  those  who  attempt  the  navigation  of  the 
Strait  in  sailing  ships.  Steam  has  made  a  great  revolution  in  ice  navi- 
;gation.  A  well-found  st«amer  is  able  to  make  her  way  with  ease 
-through  the  ice  in  Hudson's  Strait  in  June  and  July,  when  a  sailing 
ship  wonld  be  hoiieiesflly  beset,  and  incapable  ot  iinshing  on.  With 
regard  to  the  jiractice  pursued  by  the  ships  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Com- 
pany, alluded  to  by  Sir  Edward  Farry,  it  stands  to  reason  that  the 
■captains  of  those  ships  would  naturally  delay  their  passage  across  the 
Atlantic,  so  as  not  to  i-each  the  Strait  before  July  or  August ;  for  they 
-were  well  aware  that  every  extra  day  spent  on  the  passage  wna  a  day 
nearer  the  disruption  of  the  ice.  Their  experience  t«Id  them  that  a  policy 
-of  waiting  was  the  wisest,  when  the  chances  would  be  more  in  their 
favour  of  getting  thruugh  without  hindrance  from  ice. 

In  1824  Captain  Lyon,  in  the  Griper,  passed  through  the  Straitlj 
fourteen  days,  namely,  from  the  6th  to  the  20lh  of  August.  He  aigfauf 
some  loose  heavy  ice  off  Kesolutlon  Island,  but  otherwise  experienced  Oft* 
difficulty  in  getting  through.  On  his  homeward  journej' no  ice  whatever 
WBS  seen  in  the  Strait,  and  he  averaged,  in  his  dull  old  bluff-bowed  sailing 
ship,  150  miles  per  diem,  as  he  passed  through,  from  Cape  Wolsteuholmo 
to  Besolution  Island. 

During  Sir  George  Back's  memorahle  and  eventful  »oyage  in  the 
Terror,  in  1836,  ho  encountered  much  ice  in  the  Strait.  But  this  appears 
to  have  been  an  esceptiotially  bad  ice  year.  Still  lie  was  not  mnro 
ilian  a  fortnight  in  getting  through,  namely  from  the  1st  of  August, 
when  he  was  off  Besolution  Island,  tu  the  l4th,  when  he  passed  Notting- 
liam  Island.  His  course  was  then  directed  up  Fox  Channel,  wher*  his 
■ship  was  closely  besot  by  heavy  ice,  in  which,  helplessly  drifting  at 
the  meroy  of  the  winds  and  ouiTents,  he  was  compelled  to  pass  the 
winter.  During  a  ])eriod  of  six  months,  the  ehiji  drifted  234  miles 
in  a  generally  south-eastern  direction.  It  is  almost  impossible  for  ub 
"to  conceive,  much  less  to  describe,  the  anxiety  that  must  have  been 
experienced  by  those  on  boai-d  the  Terror  during  those  long  dark  months, 
■when  officers  and  crew  were,  it  may  truly  be  said,  momentarily  expecting 
■the  destruction  of  their  floating  home.  It  was  only  by  the  merciful 
dispensation  of  nn  all-wiso  and  protecting  Providence  that  their  ship 
survived  the  terrible  injuries  that  were  inflicted  on  her  by  the  ice,  and 
she  succeeded  in  making  one  of  the  most  miraculous  voyages  on  record 
across  the  Atlantic.  The  principal  ohject  lof  this  expedition  wa«  the 
■delineation  of  the  northern  boundary  of  the  North  American  Continent, 
or,  iu  other  words,  to  connect  the  discoveries  of  Sir  John  Franklir 
Point  Tuniagain,  to  those  of  Sir  Edward  Pany  in  Prince  E«gent's 
but  this  was  unfortunately  frustrated  by  the  ice  in  Frozen  Strait. 


L 


ranklin  mm  i 

egent'a  Ild^^H 
Strait.      ^^^H 


HUDSONS  BAT  AND  STRAIT.  651 

Althotigli  the  amount  of  geographical  information  obtained  was  not 
very  great,  yet  the  voyage  was  exceedingly  instructive  as  showing  the 
general  drift  of  the  ice  down  Fox  Channel  into  Hudson's  Strait. 

The  account  of  the  Ten-or's  voyage  home  embraces  one  of  the  most 
thrilling  stories  of  sea  adventure  that  has  ever  delighted  the  readers  of 
this  country.  When  all  hope  of  saving  the  ship  and  the  lives  of  the  crew 
had  almost  died  out  in  the  breast  of  the  Captain,  the  coast  of  Ireland  was 
lighted  ;  Captain  Back  then  succeeded  in  running  the  Terror  on  shore 
off  Buncrana,  in  Lough  Swilly.  The  men  were  harassed  and  worn  out 
by  their  exertions  in  keeping  the  ship  afloat,  and  the  vessel  herself, 
leaking  like  a  sieve  from  the  injuries  she  had  sustained  in  the  ice,  was 
only  held  together  by  the  stream  cable  being  passed  round  the  after  part, 
and  so  binding  her  timbers  and  planking  together. 

This  was  the  last  Government  expedition,  having  geographical 
research  solely  for  its  object,  that  entered  Hudson*s  Bay.  But  its 
waters  have  been,  year  by  3'ear,  navigated  by  the  ships  of  the  Hudson's 
Bay  Company.  These  vessels  were  annually  despatched  from  England 
to  York  and  Moose  Factories,  at  the  rate  of  two,  and  sometimes  three, 
per  annum. 

They  rarely  failed  to  reach  their  destinations,  for  arranging,  as  they 
invariably  did,  to  reach  Hudson's  Strait  on  their  outward  voyage  in 
about  the  first  week  of  August,  they  experienced  but  little  difficulty 
from  the  ice.  On  their  return  voyages  in  September  and  October,  they 
always  found  the  Strait  comparatively  clear. 

I  have  in  my  possession  an  official  record  of  the  voyages  out  and 
home,  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company's  ship.  Prince  Bupert^  for  a  period  of 
eleven  consecutive  years,  namely,  from  1835  to  184G  iuclusive.     I  find 
that  the  average  time  of  getting  through  the  Strait,  on  the  outward 
voyages  during  this  period  (and  it  must  not  be  forgotten  that  the  Strait 
is  500  miles  in  length)  was  16  days.     The  longest  time  was  31  days 
(probably  an  exceptionally  bad  ice  year).     The  shortest  time  was  eight 
days ;  the  delays  in  getting  through  the  Sti-ait  were  invariably  caused 
by  oalms  and  adverse  winds,  and  not  by  the  ice.    On  the  homeward 
passages,  no  difficulty  was  expeiienced  from  ice  in  the  Strait,  and  the 
vessels  usually  reached  London  in  about  five  weeks  after  leaving  York 
Factory.     The  earliest  date  for  sailing  from  York  Factory  was  the  6th 
^ptember,  and  the  latest  the  3rd  of  October.     In  the  latter  case  the 
JPrince  Bupert  was  38  days  on  the  passage  to  London ;  so  that  it  is  im- 
possible she  could  have  had  any  serious  detention  from  ice  in  the  Strait. 
It  must  be  remembered  that  this  vessel,  and  all  others  then  employed 
by  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company,  were  sailing  ships,  dependent  entirely  on 
wind  as  the  motive  power  by  which  progression  could  be  made.    Without 
wind  they  were  helpless ;  with  a  foul  wind  their  progress  was  of  course 
proportionately  slow.     Wind,  therefore,  was  a  matter  of  great  impor- 
tance in  those  days,  when  a  vessel  was  endeavouring  to  make  way 


652  HUDSON'S  BAT  AND  STRAIT. 

through  fields  of  loose  ioe ;  for  when  the  wind  falls,  the  ice  invariably 
loosens,  or,  as  the  technical  expression  is,  ^  goes  abroad ; "  But  in  snch 
a  case,  as  there  is  no  wind,  the  unfortunate  sailing  vessel,  beiug  deprived 
of  its  only  propelling  force,  is  unable  to  take  advantage  of  the  ice  bein$i^ 
loose  to  push  on.  On  the  other  hand,  when  a  breeze  springs  up,  which 
on  ordinary  occasions  would  possibly  enable  her  to  make  good  way,  the 
wind  has  the  effect  of  packing  the  ice,  thus  rendering  progress  nearly 
impossible. 

Steam  has  now,  however,  effected  a  complete  revolution  in  ice 
navigation,  and  the  most  advantageous  time  for  pushing  on  is,  of  course, 
in  calm  weather,  when  the  ice  is  loose.  Under  similar  conditions  a 
sailing  vessel  would  be  utterly  helpless.  It  is,  therefore,  only  reasonable 
to  infer  that  what  has  been  performed  regularly^  and  year  after  year^ 
for  more  than  200  years,  by  wretchedly  equipped  and  ill-found  sailing 
ships,  can  be  accomplished  with  greater  regularity  and  certainty,  by 
well-found  steamers,  specially  constructed  for  ioe  navigation  and 
provided  with  powerful  machinery. 

A  channel  which  has  been  navigated  for  270  years,  first  by  the 
frail  little  fly-boats  of  the  seventeenth  century,  then  by  the  bluff-bowed, 
slow-sailing,  exploring  vessels  of  Parry's  days,  and  for  a  long  period  by 
the  Hudson's  Bay  Company's  ships,  cannot  be  very  formidable,  and  if 
sailing  ships  can  annually  pass  through  it,  a  fortiori^  steamers  will  find 
less  difficulty  in  doing  so.  But  it  would,  of  course,  be  nece««ary  that 
such  steamers  should  be  specially  built  and  equipped  for  the  service,  and 
it  is  desirable  that  despatch  should  be  used  in  making  the  voyage. 

The  nature  and  consistency  of  the  ice  in  Hudson's  Strait  (which  will 
be  more  fully  described  further  on)  are  such  that,  with  an  efficient 
steamer,  the  passage  could  bo  accomplished  with  very  little  delay  or 
difficulty. 

This  being  the  case,  it  is  not  surprising  to  hear  that  the  people  of  the 
North-west  are  to  have  a  seaport  on  the  shores  of  Hudson's  Bay,  and  t4> 
secure  the  construction  of  a  railroad  to  connect  such  a  port  with 
Winnipeg  or  some  other  equally  convenient  depot  ou  the  newly 
established  line  of  the  Canada  and  Pacific  railroad. 

The  achievement  of  such  an  undertaking  would  result  in  shortening 
the  distance  that  the  produce  of  the  country,  destined  for  exportation, 
would  have  to  be  transported  by  one-half !  As  the  cost  of  transport  by 
rail  is  governed  by  the  distance  that  goods,  or  passengers,  have  to  be 
conve^'ed  per  mile,  it  will  be  at  once  understood  that  if  the  mileage  is 
reduced  by  one-half,  the  cost  of  conveyance  will  also  be  diminished 
in  the  same  proportion.  It  has  been  estimated  that  the  result  of  the 
construction  of  a  railroad  from  Winnipeg  to  Hudson's  Bay,  would  be  a 
clear  gain  to  the  farmers  and  producers  of  the  North-west,  of  about  31.  per 
head  on  all  cattle  exported,  and  ba.  upon  every  quarter  of  grain  sent  for 
shipment. 


HUDSON'S  BAT  AND  STRAIT.  653 

These  are  large  items  in  the  profit  and  loss  aoeotints  of  those 
immediately  concerned ;  therefore  it  is  not  surprising  to  hear  that  the 
feeling  in  Manitoba  is  nnanimons  in  the  desire  for  the  immediate 
construction  of  a  railroad. 

What,  then,  is  to  prevent  the  realisation  of  their  wishes,  if  such 
pecuniary  benefit  to  all  concerned  is  to  be  derived  from  the  undertaking  ? 
There  must  be  some  good  reason  for  not  carrying  out  the  work  at  once, 
otherwise  it  would  long,  ere  this,  have  been  commenced. 

The  serious,  in  fact  the  only,  obstacle  to  the  establishment  of  a  sea- 
port in  Hudson's  Bay  is,  and  has  been,  the  supposed  formidable  character 
of  the  ice  that  it  was  thought  would  have  to  be  encountered  in  Hudson's 
Strait,  and  the  limited  duration  of  the  navigable  season. 

These  were  the  knotty  questions  that  had  to  be  solved  satisfactorily, 
before  action  in  the  desired  direction  could  be  taken. 

Monopolists,  and  persons  interested  in  other  routes,  represent  the 
difficulties  offered  by  the  ice  in  Hudson's  Strait  as  fatal  to  the  success 
of  the  project.  The  question  is  a  purely  geographical  one,  its  solution 
depends  on  physical  considerations,  and  the  controversy  is,  therefore,  a 
dear  gain  to  the  science  of  geography. 

In  order  to  obtain  full  and  accurate  information  on  these  important 
points,  the  Dominion  Oovemment  of  Canada,  with  commendable  energy, 
and  a  praiseworthy  determination  to  solve  the  long-disputed  problem  as 
to  the  practicability  of  navigating  the  Strait  annually,  resolved  upon 
despatching  a  vessel  for  the  purpose  of  establishing  stations  on  both 
sides  of  Hudson's  Strait,  at  which  continuous  daily  observations  could 
be  taken  and  recorded  on  the  weather,  tide,  temperature,  condition 
and  movements  of  the  ice,  and  other  facts  connected  with  the  meteoro- 
logy of  that  region,  for  a  period  of  at  lea^t  twelve  consecutive  months. 

With  these  objects  in  view,  the  Neptune^  a  steamer  that  had  been 
built  for,  and  employed  in  the  sealing  trade,  was  chartered  and 
despatched  in  the  year  1884. 

She  was  in  every  way  admirably  adapted  for  the  work  she  was 
required  to  perform,  having  been  specially  constructed  for  ice  navigation. 

Her  voyage  was  eminently  successfal ;  she  experienced  but  little 
difficulty  in  passing  through  the  Strait,  and  she  succeeded  in  establish- 
ing stations  at  the  following  places: — One  named  Port  Burwell  near 
XJngava  Bay,  on  the  south  side  of  the  Strait,  close  to  the  entrance. 
Another  in  the  vicinity  of  the  Upper  Savage  Islands,  at  Ashe  Inlet. 
Another  was  immediately  opposite,  on  the  south  side  of  the  Strait,  called 
Steepart  Bay.  The  fourth  was  on  Nottingham  Island ;  and  a  fifth  was 
established  on  one  of  the  Digges  Islands,  at  the  opening  into  Hudson's 

Bay. 

An  observer,  with  a  couple  of  attendants,  was  placed  in  charge  of  each 

of  these  stations,  with  a  supply  of  provisions  to  last  over  twelve  months. 
In  the  official  report  of  the  voyage  of  the  Neptune,  whilst  engaged  on 
VOL.  n.  2  u 


654  HCDSON'S  BAY  AND  STRAIT. 

this  Borvice,  her  commander  etatea  that  liad  he  been  making  the  p 
direct  to  Churchill,  instead  of  coasting  and  visiting  apecially-selectod 
places  on  both  sides  of  the  Strait,  he  is  of  opinion  that  he  wuuld  not 
have  been  delayed  by  ice  for  more  than  about  forty-eight  honrs !  Oa 
the  homeward  voyage  there  was  no  delay  whatever  in  the  Strait,  no 
field  ice  having  been  encountered. 

The  Neptane  can,  I  believe,  fairly  lay  claim  to  the  honour  of  having 
been  the  first  steam  vessel  that  has  ever  croBsed  the  waters  of  Hudson's 
Bay. 

On  the  return  of  the  Nejitv.ne  to  Halifax,  steps  were  immediatelj 
taken  to  eecure  the  despatch  of  a  vessel  to  Hudson's  Strait  the  follow- 
ing year,  for  the  pnrpose  of  visiting  and  relieving  the  stations  established 
there.  In  order  to  assist  the  Canadian  Government  in  their  praise- 
worthy endeavours  to  obtain  reliable  and  accurate  information  regarding 
the  navigation  of  the  Strait,  and  we  will  hojie  also  as  a  recognition  of 
their  appreciation  of  the  service  that  was  being  carried  out,  the  Imperial 
Government  of  England  placed  H.M.  ship  Alert,  a  veesel  which  had 
already  gained  a  reputation  for  herself  in  Arctic  research,  at  their 
disposal.  She  was  officered  and  manned  by  the  Canadian  Government, 
and  sailed  from  Halifax  in  the  early  part  of  June,  1885. 

She  reached  the  entrance  to  Hudson's  Strait  on  the  I6th  June,  bat 
through  some  mismanagement,  or  want  of  experience  in  ice  navigation 
on  the  part  of  those  who  were  occasionally  entrusted  with  the  charge  of 
the  ship,  she  was  allowed  to  be  besot  by  the  ice.  No  advantage  appe&ra 
to  have  been  taken  of  her  steam  power  to  extricate  her.  In  fact,  the 
reverse  seems  to  have  been  the  case,  for  in  the  official  report  of  this 
voyage  we  read  that,  instead  of  utilising  the  power  that  was  at  their 
disposal  to  release  her  from  her  imprisonment,  they  "  banked  the  fires  and 
left  the  ship  to  pull  under  a  fore-topsail  and  fore  top-staysail."  I  am 
simply  quoting  the  official  report! 

The  "pull,"  however,  does  not  appear  to  have  been  in  the  desired 
direction,  or,  if  so,  it  was  misapplied,  for  we  learn  that  shortly  afterwards 
the  stem  of  the  ship  was  so  seriously  injured  by  coming  into  contact 
with  the  ice,  that  it  was  considered,  not  only  desirable,  hut  necessary  to 
return  to  the  southward,  and  they  put  into  St.  John's,  (Newfoundland), 
in  order  to  efTect  the  requisite  repairs. 

These  were,  however,  easily  and  speedily  executed,  and  by  the  first 
week  in  August  the  Alert  was  again  in  Hudson's  Strait.  The  next  few 
days  were  employed  in  visiting  the  stations  established  the  provions 
year,  which  was  done  without  much  difficulty,  and  on  the  31st  of  the 
some  month  the  Alert  reached  Tort  Churchill,  having  spent  a  few  days 
at  each  station. 

Her  work  being  accomplished,  she  sailed  for  Halifax,  meeting  no  i09 
whatever  durmg  the  return  journey,  although  it  was  the  7th  of  October 
before  she  was  clear  of  the  Strait. 


HUDSOirS  BAT  AND  STRAIT.  655 

The  reports  obtained  from  the  different  stations  regarding  the 
presence  and  conditions  of  the  ice  in  the  Strait,  supplemented  as  they 
were  by  those  received  from  the  Neptune  and  Alerts  were,  on  the  whole 
decidedly  satisfactory,  in  so  far  as  they  bore  on  the  question  of  the 
safe  navigation  of  Hudson's  Strait  during  a  certain  period  of  the  year. 

In  the  following  year,  namely  in  1886,  it  was  again  resolved  by  the 
Dominion  Government  to  despatch  the  Alert  to  Hudson's  Bay.  But  this 
time  it  was  with  the  object  of  dismantling  the  stations  in  the  Strait,  and 
taking  the  observers  back  to  Halifax,  as  it  was  considered  that  the  work 
for  which  they  had  been  engaged  was  accomplished. 

By  a  fortunate  accident  I  was  able  to  avail  myself  of  an  invitation 
I  had  received  to  take  a  passage  in  the  Alert  during  this  cruise. 

I  considered  myself  very  fortunate  in  having  the  opportunity 
afforded  me  of  doing  so,  for  it  had  long  been  my  wish  to  visit  Hudson's 
Bay,  and  I  had  almost  decided  upon  accomplishing  this  object  by 
travelling  from  Winnipeg  by  land  and  by  canoe.  The  offer,  therefore, 
of  going  in  the  Alert,  which  would  enable  me  to  make  the  passage  of  the 
Strait,  as  well  as  of  the  Bay,  was  too  good  to  be  refased,  and  I  eagerly 
availed  myself  of  it.  There  was  only  one  stipulation,  and  that  was  that 
I  should,  in  return  for  the  passage  offered,  at  the  termination  of  the 
voyage,  submit  a  report  on  the  state  and  conditions  of  the  ice,  as 
observed  by  me,  in  Hudson's  Strait,  and  my  views  generally  regarding 
the  practicability  of  the  route  as  a  commercial  highway,  and  my  opinion 
relative  to  the  duration  of  the  navigajsle  season.  I  had  no  hesitation  in 
acceding  to  these  conditions. 

I  might  observe  that  I  was  quite  ignorant  of  the  controversy  that 
had  been  carried  on  for  some  time  between  those  who  were  in  favour  of 
Hudson's  Strait  as  a  commercial  route,  and  those  who  were  opposed  to  it. 
I  was  untrammelled  by  orders  or  suggestions,  and  felt  myself  a  free  agent 
from  whom  a  perfectly  impartial  and  unbiassed  opinion  was  expected. 

Under  these  circumstances  I  joined  the  Alert  at  Halifax,  and  sailed  in 
her  from  that  port  on  the  23rd  of  June. 

On  the  5th  July  we  reached  the  entrance  of  Hudson's  Strait,  where 
we  were  detained  for  four  days,  partly  by  thick  weather  and  partly  by 
loose  streams  of  ice ;  but  the  latter  were  never  packed  sufficiently  close 
to  prevent  even  a  slow  steamer  like  the  Alert  from  making  fairly  good 
progress.  The  ice  that  wo  encountered  was  of  a  soft  brashy  consistency, 
the  greater  part  of  it  being  honeycombed  from  the  action  of  the  water, 
and  in  an  advanced  state  of  disintegration.  Whilst  thus  delayed  at  the 
entrance  of  the  Strait,  we  observed  the  same  curious  commotion  of  the 
water  that  had  been  commented  on  by  Davis,  Parry,  Back,  and  other 
navigators.  Davis  called  it,  on  the  globe  of  1593,  the  ^  furious 
over&ll."  It  is  not  easy  to  account  for  these  turbulent  eddyings 
and  overfalls,  unless  they  be  caused  by  the  rapidity  of  the  water 
rushing  over  an  irregular  and  rooky  bottom.     Frequently  we  would 

2  u  2 


<S6  HXTDSON'S  BA7  AND  STRAIT. 

see  comparatively  large  pieces  of  ice  being  swept,  with  greut  velocity, 
ia  opposite  directioDs,  although  in  cloBe  proximity  to  each  other.  The 
ioe,  OQ  these  occasions,  -was  evidently  very  mvtah  influeuood  by  local 
forces,  Gucb  as  tides.  So  far  as  we  were  ahle  to  discover,  the  Sood — or 
west^oing — tide  caused  the  ice  to  slackco,  whilst  a  contrary  effect 
appeared  to  he  exercised  on  it  hy  the  ebb.  From  the  9th  to  the  11th 
of  Jaly  scarcely  any  ice  was  seen,  and  a  distance  of  over  two  hundred 
milea  was  accomplished  in  about  thirty-six  hours.  ITiis  fact  alone. 
without  farther  comment,  is  in  itself  sufBcient  evidence  to  show  how 
free  the  eastern  part  of  the  Strait  was  from  ice ;  for  the  Alert,  if  driven 
at  her  full  speed,  could  only  steam  about  six  knots  an  hour. 

Early  ou  the  morning  of  the  11th  of  July  wo  arrived  off  the  station 
on  the  north  side  of  the  Strait,  and  anchorod  in  a  snug  little  bay  at  one 
of  the  Savage  Islands  called  Ashe  Inlet.  The  ohaervers  wore  foDnd  lo 
be  in  perfect  health,  and  thoy  had  spent  a  pleasant  winter,  having  been 
well  supplied  with  reindeer  meat  by  tho  Eskimos.  They  informed  ua 
that  the  ice  did  not  form  iu  the  Strait  before  December,  and  that  tlie 
channel  was  perfectly  free  for  navigation  during  the  entire  month  of 
November.  Game  appeared  to  bo  plentiful  in  tho  neighbourhood  of  the 
station.  Numerous  herds  of  reindeer  wore  met  with  during  the  winter, 
and  hares  were  reported  as  abundant  on  an  adjacent  island ;  whilst  hears, 
seals,  and  walrus  were  frequently  seen. 

After  a  brief  stay  at  tho  Savage  Islands,  the  Alert  continued  her 
voyage  through  the  Strait,  but  her  progress  was  so  retarded  by  ice  that 
it  took  her  nine  days  to  accomplish  a  distance  of  about  three  hundred 
miles.  This  slow  progress  was  mainly  caused  by  the  absence  of  sufficient 
steam  power  to  enable  her  to  thread  her  way  through  the  loose  ice,  and 
also  by  a  want  of  vigilance  in  taking  advantage  of  the  diurnal  and  other 
movements  of  the  ice  to  push  ou.  A  knowledge  of  ice  navigation,  like 
everything  else,  cannot  be  acquired  at  once.  Practical  experience,  un- 
ceasing vigilanoe,  and  a  happy  knack  of  doing  the  right  thing  at  the 
right  moment,  are  essential  qualifications  for  those  seamen  who  desire  to 
become  sucoeBsful  ice-navigators. 

The  ice  that  wo  encountered  in  the  western  part  of  the  Strait  was 
somewhat  difiereut  and  heavier  than  the  ico  we  i>as6ed  at  the  eaatcm 
entrance.  It  was  conipoaed  chiefly  of  small  pieces,  [laoked  loosely  together, 
appearing  aa  if  the  floes,  bj-  some  suddeu,  or  even  gradual  convulsion,  had 
been  broken  np  into  small  pieces,  and  then  drifted  together  into  one  large 
pack.  This  peculiar  feature  of  the  ice  in  Hudson's  Strait  is  one  that  I 
have  never  observed  in  other  parts  of  the  northern  seas,  and  it  is  worthy 
of  consideratiou  when  the  question  of  the  practicability  of  navigating  the 
Strait  is  under  examination.  For  it  is  these  jnaumerable  small  pieces 
that,  in  a  groat  measure,  deprive  the  pack  of  the  power  of  eeriously 
injuring  any  veseel  that  may  be  beset  iu  it — for  when  any  pressure 
takes  place,  the  smaller  pieces,  being  composed  of  soft  brashy  ice,  act  as 


HUDSON'S  BAY  AND  STRAIT.  657 

oushions  between  the  ship  and  the  larger  ^oes,  and  thns  protect  the 
Teasel  from  a  violent  squeeze  or  nip. 

The  greater  part  of  this  ioe  was,  I  think,  formed  in  Fox  Channel, 
whence  it  drifts  down  to  the  Strait  after  the  disruption  of  the  ioe  in  the 
snmmer.  Occasionally  a  few  large  floes  were  seen,  some  of  which  I 
estimated  to  be  about  half  a  mile  in  length,  but  a  floe  of  this  sise  was 
quite  exaeptional.  The  thickness  of  the  floe  ice  was  from  6  to  12  feet, 
but  tt  was  all  more  or  less  rotten,  and  advancing  rapidly  towards  disso- 
lution ;  some  of  the  pieces  wore,  apparently,  of  unusually  deep  flotation, 
but  this  was  mainly  due  to  their  complete  saturation  by  water,  owing  to 
their  soft  and  brashy  consistency. 

A  peculiar  feature  in  connection  with  the  heavier  and  larger  floes 
that  we  met.  was  the  irreguUritjr  and  unevenness  of  their  surfaces.  A 
perfectly  level  floe  of  any  extent,  having  a  flat  level  surface,  was  rarely 
seen;  they  were  usually  crowned  with  a  succession  of  excrescences 
resembling  small  hillocks.  This  gave  me  the  impression  that  these 
floes  were  composed  of  innumerable  small  pieces  of  ice,  which,  having 
escaped  dissolution  during  the  preceding  summer,  had  been  cemented 
together  into  one  large  mass  by  the  snow  and  frost  of  the  succeeding 
winter — the  mounds  that  we  observed  being  the  hummocks  that  had 
formed  round  the  edges  of  the  smaller  pieces,  round  which  heaps  of  snow 
had  accumulated,  which  in  process  of  time  had  been  converted  into  ice. 

Many  of  these  floes  were  discoloured  by  dirt  and  debris  blown  off 
from  the  shore ;  on  a  few  of  them  I  noticed  thick  mud  adhering,  evidence, 
in  my  opinion,  that  they  were  formed  in  the  immediate  neighbourhood 
of  land,  and  did  not,  therefore,  form  part  of  the  ice  that  had  been  made 
in  the  Strait  during  the  winter.  This  heavy  ice  that  we  encountered 
had  probably  drifted  down  from  Fox  Channel,  where  large  thick  floes 
are  known  to  exist. 

No  icebergs  were  seen  to  the  westward  of  the  Savage  Islands,  which 
seems  to  show  that  all  those  we  passed  to  the  eastward  and  at  the 
entrance  of  the  Strait  had  floated  down  from  Davis  Strait,  or,  at  any 
rate,  were  the  produce  of  glaciers  north  of  Besolution  Island. 

During  the  time  that  we  were  in  the  Strait,  the  weather  was  generally 
fine,  the  average  temperature  being  about  35°  Fahr.,  although  on  some 
days  the  thermometer  would  rise  to  50°;  but  again,  on  others,  it  would  fall 
as  low  as  20°.  The  prevailing  wind  was  from  the  westward,  but  from 
whatever  direction  it  blew,  it  appeared  to  have  but  little  effect  on  the 
movements  of  the  ice,  which  were  invariably  erratic  and  uncertain,  and 
governed  by  no  regular  appreciable  laws.  When  we  have  more  accurate 
information  regarding  the  tid^  in  Hudson's  Strait,  further  light  will,  in 
all  probability,  be  thrown  on  the  movements  of  the  ice,  tending  to 
simplify  navigation. 

After  being  in  the  ice  for  upwards  of  eight  days,  the  AleH  arrived  at 
Digges  Island  (where  one  of  the  observatories  had  been  established)  on 


658  HDDSON'S  BAr  AND  STRAIT, 

tlie  20tli  Jnly.  This  ialaad,  wliicli  forms  a  leadiug  feature  in  the  story 
of  Hudson's  voyage,  consists  of  bare  hills  of  gooiBs,  rising  to  ft  height  of 
about  500  foet.  The  hills  are  intfirsected  by  broad  valleys,  carpeted 
with  moss  and  coarse  grass.  Tho  vegetation  compares  very  unfavour- 
ably ^th  that  of  some  of  the  sutall  islands  on  which  I  have  landed  off 
Novaya  Zemlya,  and  which  are  in  a  much  higher  latitude.  On  tho 
coasts  of  the  latter  the  southern  current  warms  the  air  and  produces  a 
comparatively  luxuriant  flora,  while  the  fonner  is  esposed  to  cold  Arctic 


After  leaving  the  Digges  Islands,  where  a  few  days  were  spent  in 
overhauling  the  machinery  of  the  ship,  Ac,  the  open  water  of  Hudson's 
Bay  was  reached,  and  from  that  time,  with  the  exception  cf  passing 
through  a  few  loose  streams  of  broken-up  stuff,  no  ice  was  seen.  Tho 
Alerl  dropped  anchor  iu  Churchill  Harbour  ou  the  29th  of  July,  without 
encountering  any  further  difficulties  from  the  enemy  with  which  she 
had  for  tan  days  been  contending. 

From  Churchill  the  Alerl  proceeded  to  York  Factory,  where  I  left  i 
travelling  on  to  Winnipeg  by  canoo. 

On  her  return  passage  through  Hudson's  Strait  tho  Alerl  revisited  the 
different  stations  without  experiencbg  any  difficulties  from  the  ice,  and 
having  embarked  the  observers  and  their  attendants  and  dismantled  the 
stations,  she  returned  to  Halifax. 

The  result  of  all  the  experience  gathered  from  voyages  during  two 
centuries,  and  from  more  recent  observations  at  the  stations,  is  that 
Hudson's  Strait  is  perfectly  navigable  and  free  from  ice  in  August  and 
later  in  tho  aeason.  It  must  not  bo  furgotton  that  the  passage  of  tho 
Strait  has  been  successfully  accomplished  nearly  every  year  for  the  laet 
200  years,  and  tho  vessels  that  have  been  employed  on  this  service 
have  been  ordinary  sailing  ships,  dependent  entirely  on  wind  and 
weather.  It  is  very  rare  indeed  that  they  have  failed  to  got  through, 
and  still  more  rare  that  any  of  them  have  been  destroyed  by  the  ica.* 

The  percentage  of  losses  by  shipwreck  of  those  vesaelB  that  have  been 
employed  in  both  mercantile  and  exploratory  service  in  Hudson's  Bay,  is 
far  less  than  wouM  have  to  bo  recorded  in  a  like  number  of  ships  esg^ed 
in  general  ocean  ti'ufiic,  I  amnotfor  wrongin  saying  that  since  the  keel 
of  Hudson's  good  ship  ploughed  the  waters  of  the  Strait,  the  passage  has 
been  made  over  500  times,  whilst  the  losses  due  to  the  ice  might  be 
summed  up  on  the  fingois  of  one  band,  and  some  of  these  losses  were 
due  to  causes  with  which  the  ice  had  nothing  to  do.  For  instance,  the 
recent  loss  of  the  Cam  Oieen  was  in  no  way  connected  with  ioe. 

It  must  not  be  forgotten  that  the  ships  employed  ou  the  service  were 

•  AeconJing  to  the  otBeial  recordB  of  tlio  Hudson's  Buy  Company,  it  appean  t}iat 
Mooee  Factoi?,  at  the  south  oitremu  of  Uudsou's  Ba;,  han  been  visited  ■anuali]'  by  * 
(hip  aiace  1T3S,  with  but  onu  excei>tiua,  aamely,  iu  1779,  wbuu  ihe  vessel  t 
tkQed  to  achieve  tho  parage  of  ibo  SlraJt. 


HUDSON'S  BAT  AND  STRAIT.  669 

not  only,  as  I  have  said  before,  sailing  vessels,  but  tbey  were  also  small, 
frail,  and  but  indifferently  found  and  equipped.  Steam  has  now  robbed 
ice-navigation  of  many  of  its  difficulties  and  dangers ;  and  it  is  only 
fiiir  for  us  to  assume  that,  with  the  facilities  and  appliances  that  science 
has  since  revealed  to  us,  we  can,  in  these  days,  achieve  with  greater  ease 
and  celerity,  and  with  more  assured  certainty,  as  much  as  was  accom- 
plished by  Hudson  and  Baffin,  by  Button  and  Luke  Fox,  and  others,  in 
their  rude  and  poorly-equipped  fly-boats,  more  than  200  years  ago. 

The  vessels,  however,  to  be  employed  on  such  a  service  should  be 
specially  constructed  to  resist  an  ordinary  ice-pressure,  and  should  be  pro- 
vided with  sufficient  power  to  be  able  to  steam  from  ten  to  twelve  knots 
at  least.  We,  in  the  Alert,  were  frequently  detained  for  many  consecu- 
tive hours  at  a  time,  for  want  of  sufficient  power  to  propel  the  ship 
through  loose  streams  of  ice,  which  an  ordinary  steamer  would  have 
had  no  difficulty  in  penetrating.  It  is  necessary  that  all  vessels  employed 
in  ice  navigation  should  be  btrengthened,  especially  in  the  bows,  not 
so  much  for  the  purpose  of  resisting  the  pressure  of  the  ice,  if  beset, 
as  to  repel  the  severe  blows  which  must  occasionally  be  inflicted  by 
unavoidably  striking  unusually  heavy  pieces,  whilst  threading  their 
way  through  a  stream  of  ico. 

In  conclusion,  I  would  remark  that  if  the  railroad  from  Winnipeg  to 
Hudson's  Bay  becomes  tin  fait  iiccompli,  there  is  but  little  doubt  that  the 
terminus  of  the  line  should  be  at  Churchill,  and  not  at  York  Factory  as 
has  been  suggested,  notwithstanding  that  the  length  of  the  line  would 
have  to  be  increased  by  about  flfty  miles  through  an  unproductive 
country. 

Churchill  possesses  a  flne  natural  harbour,  perfectly  land-looked  and 
protected  from  all  winds,  and  is  admirably  adapted  for  commercial 
purposes — ^piers,  wharves,  &c.,  being  easily  constructed. 

York,  on  the  other  hand,  has  no  harbour;  is  a  perfectly  open 
roadstead,  exposed  to  all  winds ;  and  in  the  event  of  a  north-east  gale  it  is 
an  anchorage  from  which  ships  would  be  compelled  at  short  notice  to  put 
to  sea.  The  anchorage  is  also  some  eight  to  twelve  miles,  according  to 
the  draught  of  the  ship,  from  the  shore. 

There  is  no  comparison  between  the  fltness  and  adaptability  of  the  two 
places  for  the  terminus  of  the  railway. 

I  sincerely  trust  that  the  ensuing  year  will  see  the  question  of  the 
practicability  of  navigating  Hudson's  Strait  solved,  by  the  construction 
of  a  railroad  from  Winnipeg  to  Port  Churchill.  This  is  really  the  only 
practical  solution  of  the  difficulty,  and  the  only  way  this  hitherto 
vexed  question  can  be  settled. 

The  case  then  can  be  very  briefly  summed  up  as  follows :  If  sailing 
ships  have  annually  taken  the  furs  and  other  merchandise  of  the 
Hudson's  Bay  Company  through  the  Strait  for  the  last  two  centuries. 
h  fortiori  it  may  be  looked  upon  as  certain  that  powerful  steamers  will 


6M 


HODSON'S  BAY  AND  STHAIT. 


be  able  to  do  the  same  for  the  produce  brought  to  the  west  coMt  of 
Hudson's  Bay  by  a  railway  from  Winnipeg. 

The  oBtabliabment  of  new  routes  for  commerce  is  always  a  gain  to  the 
science  of  geography.  In  some  cases  new  regions  have  to  be  discovered 
and  explored.  In  otherB,  tbo  pkyeical  aspects  of  an  already  known 
region  must  bo  more  carefully  studied,  and  many  points  of  interest 
relating  to  the  action  of  climate,  or  of  winds  and  currents,  may  be 
uBcertained.  The  proposed  Winnipeg  and  Hudson's  Bay  Railroad  is  a 
striking  instance.  The  objections  of  opponents  to  the  route  have  had  to 
be  carefully  examined.  All  former  experience  had  to  be  collected, 
maturely  considered,  and  passed  in  review.  OttBervatoriea  had  to  be 
established  at  several  points,  to  make  certain  whether  the  historic^ 
records  actually  coincided  with  physical  facts  as  they  now  exist. 
The  route  itself  bad  to  be  sailed  over  and  explored.  All  these  Tarions 
reaoarohes  have  been  as  great  a  gain  to  geography  as  to  commerce. 
They  have  enriched  our  science  with  a  fresh  stock  of  iuformatioii*. 
have  revised  previous  conceptions,  and  confirmed,  or  rejected, 
case  may  be,  the  theories  and  views  which  may,  from  time  to  til 
have  been  put  forward.  From  this  point  of  view,  and  from  this  pointi 
view  alone,  can  commercial  or  political  questions  receive  consideratioii 
here.  Tbo  study  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  route  involves  a  problem  for 
which  physical  geography  alone  can  furnish  a  solution ;  and  on  theeo 
legitimate  grounds  I  have  ventured  to  submit  it  for  tbo  consideration  of 
our  Society.  My  labours  will  be  more  thau  rewarded  if  I  have  succeeded 
in  my  endeavour  to  give  a  new  point  of  interest  to  a  region  whi 
although  already  well  known,  is  exceedingly  interesting,  and 
direct  road  to  unknown  parts  of  the  earth. 

If  the  undertaking  is  carried  out  and  brought,  as  I  have  no  donbt 
will  bo,  to  a  successful  issue,  I  shall  feel  that  my  trip  to  Hudson's  Bay 
has  not  been  either  labour  ur  time  thrown  away  i  and  I  shall  feel  myself 
amply  rewarded  for  a  journey  that  has  not  been  unattended  by  oert&in 
hardships  and  privations,  by  the  knowleilge  that  I  have  been  instru- 
mental in  assisting  in  the  carrying  out  of  a  great  work  that  cannot  but 
e  beneficial  to  our  brethren  residing  on  the  ojipoeite  side  of  tho  Atlantic, 
and  therefore  an  uadertakiug  in  which  we,  on  this  side,  should  fad 
deeply  interesteil. 


don 
for 

leeo 
lof 
ded 


(    661    ) 


INDEX. 


-•o*- 


A. 

A — ^K,  Pandit,  journey  aluDg  the  Brah- 
maputra, 487,  408 

Alert,  the,  voyago  to  Hndson's  Bay,  654, 
655 

Algeria,  Bibliography  of,  by  Sir  B. 
Lambert  Playfair,  129  et  seq, 

— — ^ Index  of  Authors 

to,  410  et  seq. 

'  Index  of  Subjects 

to,  397  et  seq, 

Almora  to  Chinar,  decrement  of  tempera- 
ture, 460 

Assam,  Letter  from  the  Secretary  to  the 
Chief  Commissioner  of,  to  the  oeoretary 
to  the  Gk)vemment  of  India  respecting 
Mr.  Needham*8  Journey,  488 

B. 

Back,   Sib  George,  voyage  to  Hudson's 

Bay,  650 
Baffin,  William,  voynge  to  Hudson's  Bay, 

633,634 
Baleez,  East  Africa,  position  of.  Ill 
Ball,   John,    On    the    Measurement    of 

Heights  by  tlic  Barometer,  433  et  seq. 
Barba^  States,  Bibliography  of  the.  Part  I. 

Tripoli  and  the  Cyrenaica.    By  Sir  B. 

Lambert  Playfair,  559  et  seq. 
Barlow,  Captain,  voyage  to  Hudson's  Bay, 

646 
Barometer,     On    the     Measurement    of 

Heights  by  the,  by  John  Ball,  433  et  seq. 
Bauemfeind,    Dr.    C,    on    Barometrical 

Measurements,  440 
Bebejia  tribe,  502 
Bell,  Dr.,  on  the  uniformity  of  level  of 

Hudson's  Bay,  618 
Belli,  M.,  on  Barometrical  Measurements, 

434 
Biblioeraphy  and  Cartography  of  Hispani- 

ola,  oy  H.  Ling  Both,  Al  et  seq. 

Algeria,  129  et  seq, 

Tripoli  and  Cyrenaica,  559 

et  se^. 
Bondei  country  and  people,  122 
Bor  Khamti  tribe,  532 
Brahmaputra,  cane  bridges  on  the,  516, 

530 
Brumson,  Mishmi  chief,  519 
Button,  Sir  Thomas,  voyage  to  Hudson's 

Bay,  628 
Bylo^  Robert,  voyage  to  Hudson's  Bay,  632 


C. 

Cabot,  Sebastian,  early  voyages  to  Hud- 
son's Bay,  619 

Chakrata,  mean  decrement  of  temperature 
at,  459 

China,  Southern  and  South-western,  Ex- 

Elorations  in,  by  Archibald  B.  Colqu- 
oun,  3  et  seq. 

Ching-tung  plain,  35 

Chikok  rope  made  by  MliOs,  530 

Chose's  village  to  the  Dalei,  Mr.  Need- 
ham's  route  from,  491 

ChiUl  river,  528 

Chulikata  tribe,  502 

Churchill,  Hudson's  Bay,  659 

Clyde  river,  estuary  of,  478 

Colquhoun,  Archibald  B.,  Exploration  in 
Southern  and  Soutli-westem  China,  8 
et  aeq. 

Cooper,  J.  T.,  journey  along  the  Brahma- 
putra, 489,  494 

Copeland,  Mr.  F.,  on  decrement  of  tem- 
perature, 458 

Cyrenaica  and  Tripoli,  A  Bibliography 
of  the,  by  Sir  B.  Lambert  Play&ir,  562 
9t  seq, 

D. 

Dalei  river,  492,  521 

to  the  Zayul  frontier,  Mr.  Needham's 

route  ftom  the,  493 

Darjeeling,  mean  decrement  of  tempera- 
ture at,  459 

Davis,  John,  voyage  to  Hudson's  Bay,  620 

Digiiru  tribe,  500  et  seq. 

villages,  list  of,  513 

Digges  Island,  Hudson's  Stndt,  657 

Dinong  river,  498 

Dingtl  river,  538 

Dornoch  Firth,  salinity  and  temperature  of» 
482,  483 

Duncan,  Mr.,  voyage  to  Hudson's  Bay. 
648 


Ek-lo  town,  85 


E. 


F. 


FoBTH,  Firth  of,  illustrating  divisions  of  a 

river,  476-478 
Fox,  Captain  Luke,   voyage  to  Hudson's 

Bay,  637,  638 


Frobieher.  Martin,    voyage   I 


Gillatn,   Captiiin   Z..   Toysge  to  Hudaou'e 

Boy,  645 
Glaisbor,  Mr.,  On  Barometrical  Meaeuro- 

LQcute,  443, 144 

Tablw  showing  mean  rate 

of  dcocement  of  temperature  mode  in 
InUoon  ascenta  by,  453 

Gomee,  Eati:Tan,  voyuge  to  Hudson's  Boy, 

fi21 
Grilfitb,  Dr.,  journey  along  the  Biahmn- 

putra,  48Q 
GroBselitz,  M,  de,  voyage  to  Hudaou's  Bay, 

645 

H. 

Hai-ibsoto'8  -rillnge,  510 

HnUi  river.  526 

Hawkridce,  Captain,  voysge  to  HudBoo's 

Bay,  635 
HimttlayHB,   barometrical   observationa   in 

the,  159,  460 
HiBpaoiola,  Bibliogropliical  Clironology,  D3 

Bibliogmphy  andCflrtogruphy 

of,  by  H.  Ling  Ketb,  41  ct  aeg. 

Bibliography  of,  Anonymous 

publications,  81 


Authors  and  AnonytDOus  publications, 


, HI]/,,  (own  of.  24 

Kuisho,  Hisbmi  chief,  capluro  of,  50 1.  SOI'l 
Kiilaug  river,  532  " 

Kinnu  village,  542 
Kiliva  Kiviuji  and  the  RoTuma.   I>ie 

fitenart   Bmith'B  EipWrstioaB  betwc 

101  et  tea. 
Kilanda  hill.  East  Africa,  113 
Kuohll  riser,  542 
Kota  to  Almoia,  deerement  of  temperature, 

Krjck,   M.,  jouniey  alnn^-    the    Brahmsi- 

pulro,  489 
Krondong's  houBe,  535 
Kuti-cbau  to  Koi-butt,  road  from,  21 
Kwaug-nan,  21 

Ewei-cbau,  Soutbom  CbJna,  19 
Kwoi-ynen  town,  7 


Slid  Plans,  81 


r   ParlianieTi 


tary  publicntions,  87 
Hmiker,  Sir  Joseph,  on  Baromotrical  Ob- 

selvatioDS  in  the  Hinmlayas,  459 
Hu<lBon.  Henry,  voyages  of,  622,  G23,  C24 
Hudson's  Bay  and  Stroit,  by  Commodore 

A.  H,  Markham,  617  rf  seq. 
Bttait,  ohwrvalioD  etaliona   in, 

053 
'  cluracter  of  ice  in,  056, 

657 
Bwang-ohau  town,  8 

I. 
I-LOKO  kke,  6<jutheru  China.  28,  29 

J. 

jAMEfi,  Cupt^n,  voyage  lo  Hudson's  Bay, 


LSmIt  tribe,  532 

Liu-an  town  and  plain,  27,  2S 

I^hit  Brahmaputra,  Mr.  J.  P.  Needhi 

Journey  along  the,  487  <(  «j. 
Lukambi  bill.  Eoal  Africa.  103 
l.ukwika  river,  116 
Lumeeulo  Hvcr,  E^t  AErica,  11G 
LQsd  Mija  village,  533 
LatI  river,  531 

M. 

Maoojomi,  position  of,  123 
Ma-nek'rS  coantry,  538 
Mdnyo  tribe,  500,  501 
Manyunyu,  poaidon  ot,  109 
itiarkbnm,   Comniodore  A.   H.,  £ 

Bay  Bud  Strait,  617  et  xq, 
Martins,    H.    Ohariee,    on 

MeoBurements,  437 
tintoo  mounUiln,  East  Africa,  111 
M'daun  or  DQ  rirer,  522 
Measurameut   of  Heiglita  by  the    Bwo- 

melor.  On   the.  by    Juim  BaU,   443  <t 

Mondeli^ef.  Mi,  on  Barometrical  Ueasnie- 

ments,  IBS 
Mcn-tzu,  town  of,  25,  20 
Midilieton,  Captain,  ^'oy(lge  to  Boi1sod*s 

Bay.  G47 
Uiesing,  Tables  of  BBromotrical  Ob«m»- 

tioQS  on  the,  463,  464  '  " 

Mijft  elans,  natnea  of,  527 
Miju  tribe,  504,  512,  522 
Mill,  Hugh  Boberl,  Kiv^ 

Mishmi  tribes,  500  el  seq. 
M6ing  village,  527 
Klong-lioa  plain  und  city,  38 
Mong-hong  town,  5 
Moor,  Captain,  voyage  to  Hu 
647 


IHDEX. 


668 


Mpnemn,   Itinerary   of    Lieut    Smith's 

journey  to,  108 

position  of,  109 

Msenjere  river.  East  Africa,  114 

Mtola's  village,  Universities'  Mission  at, 

105,117 
Mtna  district,  East  Africa,  103 
Mtumwa  bill,  110 
Monk,  Oaptain  Jens,  voyage  to  Hudson's 

Bay,  635 
Mnrree,  mean  decrement  of  temperature 

at,  459 
Mwabila  village,  124 

N. 

Naoono  Chu  river,  498 

NaMu  river,  110 

Nam-tsing-tiBiDg  pagoda,  36 

Nan-ning  town,  10 

Needham,  Mr.,  Extracts  from  Diary  kept 
on  the  Journey  along  the  Lohit  Brahma- 
putra, 507  et  teq, 

J.  F.,  Journey  along  the  Lohit 

Brahmaputra,  487  et  seq. 

Niti  to  Eogsa  and  Lanjar  Peak,  decrement 
of  temperature,  460 

P. 

Pa-oi,  Southern  China,  18 

Papien  river,  82,  34 

Parry,  Sir  Edward,  Voyage  to  Hudson's 

Bay,  649 
Pe-sd  to  Ssti-mao,  Mr.  Colquhoun's  journey 

from,  17  et  $&q, 
Pictet,  M.,  on  Barometrical  Measurements, 

434 
Plantamour,  M.,  on  Barometrical  Measure- 
ments, 436 
Playfair,  Sir  B.  Lambert,  A  Bibliography 

of  Algeria,  129  et  seq, 
A  Bibliomphy 

of  the  Barbary  States.    Part  L    Tripoli 

and  the  Gyrenaica,  559  et  »eq, 
Puerh-fu,  33 
Punjab,  Northern,   mean    decrement   of 

temperature,  459 

R. 

Bahond,  M.,  on  Barometrical  Measure- 
ments, 434 

Benny,  Lieut.,  on  Barometrical  Measure- 
ments, 437 

Bima  and  Sadiya,  Mr.  Neodham's  journey 
between,  487  et  eeq, 

Mr.  Needham's  reception  on  arriving 

near,  545-50 

river,  499-500 

Bitia  to  Dudatoli,  decrement  of  tempera- 
ture, 460 

Biver  Entrances,  by  Hugh  Bobert  Mill, 
475  et  seq, 

Bivers,  salinity,  amount  of  suspended 
matter  and  temperature  of  the  estuaty 
of;  480. 481 


Bong  Thod  Ghu,  the,  498 

Both,  H.  Ling,  Bibliography  and  Carto- 
graphy of  Hispaniola,  41  et  teq, 

Bovuma,  Itinerary  of  Lieut  Smith's  jour- 
ney to  the,  109 

Bowlatt,  Lieut.,  journey  along  the  Brahma- 
.  putra,  489,  492 

BUhlmann,  Dr.,  on  Barometrical  Measure- 
ments, 462 

S. 

Sadita  and  Bima,  Bir.  Needham's  journey 

between,  487  et  seq, 
to  Bima,  Abstract  statement  of  Mr. 

Needham's  route  from,  505-7 

to   T^emukh,   Mr.    Needham's 


route  from,  490 

Sa-mfi  village,  543 

Sangu  or  Singu  village,  496 

Sanpo,  identity  of  the,  with  the  Dihonflr, 
499 

San-tai-pan,  30 

S&  river,  528 

Shimba  Country,  Lieut  Smith's  explora- 
tions in  the,  119  et  seq, 

Sikkt  river,  587 

Smith,  Lieut.  C.  Stewart,  Explorations  in 
Zanzibar  Dominions,  by,  101  et  seq, 

Spey  river,  estuary  o^  478 

Ssfl-mao  town,  33 

to  Tali,  Mr.  Colquhoun's  journey 

fronii  34 

St  Bobert,  Count  Paul  de,  on  Barometrical 
Measurements,  443,  468 

Sumj!  river,  529 

T. 

Taieno  tribe,  500 

Tftkiilong's  village,  517 

TaHlak&39 

TILmemukh  to  Chose's  village,  Mr.  Need- 
ham's route  from,  490 

Tay  river,  estuary  of,  478 

Tedtog  river,  511 

Thames  river,  estuary  of,  478 

Tibet,  route  into,  by  way  of  the  Brahma- 
putra, 489 

Tong-kwan,  town  of,  32 

Tripoli  and  the  C^renaica,  a  Bibliography 
of,  by  Sir  B.  Lambert  Playfair,  562  et 
seq, 

Bibliography  of,  Index  of  Authors, 

612  et  seq. 


609  et  seq. 


Index  of  Subjects, 

■         Public   Becords, 
Tripoli  Archives,  605 

Fh>vince  of.  Historical  Account  of. 


560 

Tsun-chau-fu  town,  6 
Tung-ohuen  town,  6 

U. 
UiiBi  KuBU  river,  East  Africa,  112 


664 


INDEX. 


V. 

Vaughan,  Captain,  voyage  to  Hudson's 
Bay,  646 

W. 

Wabondsi  tribe,  122 

Vadigo  tribe,  119. 120 

Wagwangwara  trioe,  104 

WAlong  country,  538 

Tillage,  497 

Wat!  river,  529 

Waymouth,  Captain  Q.,  voyage  to  Hud- 
son's Strait,  620 

Welsh  and  Glaisher,  MessiB.,  Tables  show- 
ing mean  rate  of  Decrement  of  Tempe- 
rature found  in  balloon  ascents  by,  453 

Wbymper,  Mr.,  on  decrement  of  tempera- 
ture, 457 

Wilcox,  Captain,  journey  along  the  Brah- 
maputra, 489-94 


Woiekof,  H.,  on  barometrical  measun- 
mente,466 

Wuchau  to  Pe-sft,  Ifr.  Colquhoun's  jour- 
ney from,  3  ei  m^. 


Y. 


YoBK  Factobt,  Hudson's  Bay,  659 
Yuan-chiang  valley,  30 
Yunnan,  plateau  ot,  21 
f  oouth-eastem,  trade  of,  31 


Z. 

Zanzibab  DoMDnoHB,  Explorations  in,  by 
Lieut  Ch.  Stewart  Smith,  101  et  seq, 

^^— >  slave  trade  in  the, 

104, 105 

Zayul  valley,  495, 496 


MAPS  AND  DIAGEAMS. 


China,  South-western,  firam  Wu-chau  to 

Tali,   surveyed  by  A.  B.  Colquhoun, 

Sheets  I.  &  IL,  126 
Dornoch  Firth,  Digram  of  Tidal  variation 

of  Salinitv  and  Temperatore,  483 
Forth,  Firth  of.  Diagram  of  variation  of 

Salinity  and  Temperature  with  depth, 

482 


Eilwa  to  the  Bovuma,  Map  illustrating 
Mr.  Smith's  journey  from,  126 

Lohit  Brahmaputia,  Sketch  Map  of,  556 

Mombasa,  Map  illustrating  Mr.  Smith's 
journey  near,  126 

Biver  Entrance,  Diagram  to  illu&tmte 
typical  divisions  of  a,  477 

Tripoli  and  the  Cyrenaica,  Map  of,  664 


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