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City  of  Alachua 
Downtown  Redevelopment  District 


A  Survey  of 
Architectural  and  Historical  Resources 


Report  Prepared  by  Murray  D.  Laurie 
October,  1999 


■ 


City  of  Alachua  Downtown  Redevelopment  District 

Survey  of  Architectural  and  Historical  Resources 

Report  Prepared  by  Murray  D.  Laurie 

October,  1999 


The  survey  of  the  City  of  Alachua  Downtown  Redevelopment  District  was  made  possible 
by  funds  provided  by  the  City  of  Alachua  Downtown  Redevelopment  Board  of  Trustees.    The 
survey  project  consultant  was  Murray  D.  Laurie. 

City  of  Alachua: 

Mayor,  Patrick  Murphy 

Vice-Mayor,  Orien  A.  Hills 

City  Commission:  Gerald  Criswell,  Gib  Coerper,  James  A.  Lewis 

City  Manager,  Charles  M.  Morris 

City  Clerk,  Carol  Walker 

Building  and  Zoning  Department  Supervisor,  Margaret  Taylor 

Alachua  Public  Library  Director,  Linda  Luke 

Alachua  Community  Redevelopment  Trust  Board: 

Chair,  Darryl  J.  Tompkins 

Vice-Chair,  Tom  Tomberlin 

William  W.  Irby 

James  W.  Shaw 

Duane  V.  Helle 

Bonnie  Burgess 

North  Central  Florida  Regional  Planning  Council: 
Lowell  Garrett,  Senior  Planner 
Maria  Masque,  Associate  Planner 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 3 

SURVEY  CRITERIA 4 

SURVEY  METHODOLOGY 6 

THE  GROWTH  AND  DEVELOPMENT  OF  THE  CITY  OF  ALACHUA: 

A  CHRONOLOGICAL  OVERVIEW  TO  1949    8 

Historical  Overview 8 

Architectural  Analysis 14 

RECOMMENDATIONS    31 

Specific  Recommendations  for  the  City  of  Alachua 32 

Incentives  for  Historic  Preservation 36 

BIBLIOGRAPHY 39 

APPENDICES 

ONE:      Inventory  of  Survey  Sites    40 

TWO:     Legal  Description  of  the  Downtown  Redevelopment  District 43 


Old  Bank  of  Alachua,  restored  in  1998 


ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 

The  assistance  and  cooperation  of  many  people  within  the  community  contributed  to  the 
success  of  this  survey  of  the  historic  properties  in  the  City  of  Alachua  Downtown 
Redevelopment  District.  I  am  most  grateful  for  the  cordial  and  gracious  manner  in  which  this 
assistance  and  cooperation  was  granted  throughout  the  many  months  it  took  to  complete  the 
survey,  which  began  in  May,  1999. 

The  financial  and  administrative  support  provided  by  the  City  of  Alachua  and  the 
Downtown  Redevelopment  Board  of  Trustees  made  available  the  materials  and  services  essential 
to  the  field  survey  and  research  process.  They  provided  technical  assistance,  maps,  and 
information  for  the  properties  surveyed. 

Community  organizations  interested  in  preserving  the  city's  past,  such  as  the  Citizens  for 
a  Better  Alachua,  provided  encouragement  and  helped  me  locate  valuable  sources  of 
information.  The  many  hours  I  spent  talking  to  the  residents  of  Alachua  and  its  environs  about 
the  history  of  the  city  and  its  buildings  were  particularly  enjoyable  and  rewarding.  My  warmest 
thanks  are  extended  to  Jack  Bryan,  David  Bush,  William  Enneis,  Kevin  Finley,  Mary  Lois 
Forrester,  Pauline  Fugate,  Nina  May  Harrison,  Fletcher  Stephens,  and  Arthur  Spencer. 

The  downtown  merchants  of  Alachua  have  kept  up  the  city's  tradition  of  community 
involvement  and  were  unfailingly  helpful  to  me  in  many  ways,  telling  me  what  they  knew  about 
the  history  of  their  building,  pointing  out  its  significant  features,  suggesting  others  to  talk  to,  and 
sharing  their  hopes  and  plans  for  the  future.  Photographs  on  display  in  the  Conestoga  Restaurant 
and  in  the  First  National  Bank  of  Alachua  were  a  valuable  resource. 

Finally,  I  thank  the  many  residents  and  property  owners  who  patiently  answered  my 
questions,  permitted  me  to  photograph  their  homes,  and  sometimes  invited  me  in  for  a  visit.  I 
hope  that  this  survey  will  encourage  the  continued  preservation  of  the  building  fabric  of  the  City 
of  Alachua  and  help  maintain  the  community's  cultural  heritage. 


Main  Street 
3 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 

in  2011  with  funding  from 

LYRASIS  Members  and  Sloan  Foundation 


http://www.archive.org/details/surveyofarchitecOOprep 


SURVEY  CRITERIA 

The  criteria  used  to  place  historic  properties  on  the  National  Register  of  Historic  Places 
were  used  as  a  basis  for  the  evaluation  of  the  sites  documented  within  the  City  of  Alachua 
Downtown  Redevelopment  District.  (See  Appendix  Two  for  boundaries  and  legal  description  of 
the  District.)    The  survey  results  form  an  authoritatively  documented  foundation  which  can  be 
used  by  those  agencies  required  by  law  to  comply  with  state  and  federal  regulations  in  regard  to 
the  preservation  of  historic  properties.  The  criteria  for  listing  on  the  National  Register  as 
published  by  the  United  States  Department  of  the  Interior  are  listed  below. 

1.  A  property  is  associated  with  events  which  have  made  a  significant  contribution  to  the 
broad  patterns  of  history;  or 

2.  A  property  is  associated  with  the  lives  of  persons  significant  in  the  past;  or 

3.  A  property  is  significant  if  it  embodies  the  distinctive  characteristics  of  a  type,  period, 
or  method  of  construction,  for  example,  it  represents  the  work  of  a  master,  or  if  it  possesses  high 
artistic  values,  or  if  it  represents  a  significant  and  distinguishable  entity  whose  components  may 
lack  individual  distinction,  such  as  a  district;  or 

4.  A  property  which  yields,  or  may  be  likely  to  yield,  information  important  in  prehistory 
or  history. 

In  a  somewhat  less  restricted  manner  the  same  criteria  are  used  to  select  properties  to  be 
listed  in  the  Florida  Master  Site  File.  Many  of  the  properties  on  this  master  site  file  are  of  purely 
state  and  local  significance  and  would  not  be  eligible  for  the  National  Register  of  Historic 
Places.  The  Florida  Site  File,  a  central  repository  of  archival  material  and  data  on  the  physical 
remains  of  Florida  history,  is  a  statewide  inventory  of  buildings,  structures,  objects,  and  sites 
that  can  be  used  as  a  valuable  planning  tool. 

The  survey  project  director,  who  holds  a  master's  degree  in  history  from  the  University 
of  Florida  and  who  has  worked  as  a  Historic  Preservation  Consultant  for  twenty  years,  examined 
all  standing  buildings  in  the  City  of  Alachua  that  appeared  to  be  at  least  fifty  years  old  or  older 
and  recorded  their  location  and  physical  description.  The  cut-off  date  of  1949  was  chosen  for  the 
survey  and,  with  the  assistance  of  records  in  the  Alachua  County  Tax  Appraiser's  office,  the 
1912  and  1924  Sanborn  maps  of  Alachua,  and  interviews  with  long-time  residents  of  the  city, 
dates  of  construction  were  verified  or  estimated.  Some  buildings  that  satisfied  the  fifty-year 
criteria  but  had  lost  the  integrity  of  their  original  design  through  alterations  and  decay  were 
eliminated  from  the  survey. 

Many  of  the  extant  brick  stores  and  commercial  buildings  on  Main  Street  were  built  by 
1912,  when  the  first  Sanborn  map  was  drawn,  and  most  of  the  larger  homes  also  dated  from  the 
turn  of  the  century  or  the  first  decade  of  the  twentieth  century.  The  subsequent  growth  of  the 
City  of  Alachua,  according  to  the  dates  of  construction  of  the  rest  of  the  buildings  in  the  survey, 
was  slow  and  gradual,  with  no  apparent  spurts  of  growth  due  to  the  great  Florida  land  boom  in 
the  1920s.  Most  of  the  homes  built  in  the  1920s  and  1930s  were  smaller  wood  frame  residences, 
and  there  was  little  growth  in  the  1940s. 

As  there  was  little  recorded  historical  information  available  on  individual  buildings  other 
than  those  sources  mentioned,  the  information  gathered  from  the  citizens  of  the  City  of  Alachua 
was  of  primary  importance.  Notes  taken  during  long  conversations  and  casual  encounters  alike 
helped  document  the  intricate  and  fascinating  historic  legacy  of  the  city's  buildings.  Any  errors 
or  omissions  in  reporting  this  information  are  solely  the  fault  of  the  project  coordinator. 


— I         ,  jt  AHCI 

T        ALACHUA  COUNTY 


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Figure  1.  Location  of  Alachua  and  survey  area 


SURVEY  METHODOLOGY 

An  historic  sites  survey,  which  may  either  be  thematic  or  geographic  in  scope,  is  a 
systematic  and  detailed  recording  of  historic  resources.  A  thematic  survey  might,  for  example, 
record  only  resources  of  a  predetermined  type,  such  as  farm  buildings  or  Carpenter  Gothic 
churches  within  a  particular  area.  A  geographic  survey,  on  the  other  hand,  is  comprehensive  and 
includes  all  of  the  historic  resources  within  the  specified  area.  A  geographic  survey  of  the  City 
of  Alachua  Downtown  Redevelopment  District  was  conducted,  using  the  boundaries  indicated  in 
Figure  1.  The  survey  area  extended  roughly  from  US  441  on  the  north  to  NW  142  Avenue  as  the 
southern  boundary,  and  three  or  four  blocks  to  the  east  and  west  of  Main  Street.  Archaeological 
resources  were  not  surveyed  within  the  area. 

The  survey  consisted  of  three  phases.  First,  the  historic  literature  was  reviewed  to 
determine  the  period  of  development  for  the  City  of  Alachua  and  the  individuals  and  pioneer 
families  contributing  to  this  development.  An  examination  of  the  Florida  Site  Files  for  Alachua 
County  revealed  that  no  buildings  within  the  survey  area  had  previously  been  recorded.  In  1973, 
a  preliminary  survey  of  historic  buildings  in  Alachua  County  was  conducted  under  the 
supervision  of  Professor  F.  Blair  Reeves  of  the  College  of  Architecture  at  the  University  of 
Florida,  and  these  records,  on  file  at  the  Art  and  Architecture  Library  on  the  UF  campus,  were 
examined.    No  buildings  within  the  survey  area  are  listed  on  the  National  Register  of  Historic 
Places,  although  the  nearby  Newnansville  Cemetery  is  listed.  The  Alachua  County  Historical 
Commission  compiled  a  historical  walking  tour  map,  published  in  1986,  that  identified  twenty- 
five  buildings  in  Alachua  as  historically  significant.  Materials  related  to  the  history  and 
development  of  the  city  of  Alachua  in  the  P.  K.  Yonge  Library  of  Florida  History  at  the 
University  of  Florida  and  the  Alachua  County  Archives  at  the  Matheson  Historical  Center  in 
Gainesville  were  also  examined.  A  search  of  the  Map  Library  at  the  University  of  Florida 
yielded  copies  of  the  1912  and  1924  Sanborn  maps  of  Alachua.  The  Alachua  County  Office  of 
Records  has  plat  maps  related  to  Alachua,  and  these  were  examined  and  some  copied  for 
inclusion  in  this  report.  The  State  of  Florida  Photo  Archive  was  also  consulted. 

Field  work  is  the  second  step  of  the  historic  site  survey.  A  pedestrian  survey  of  the  entire 
area  was  conducted  by  the  consultant  to  determine  which  structures  built  before  1949  were  still 
intact.  Each  likely  site  was  photographed  and  site  data  was  recorded  on  a  field  form.  Dates  were 
confirmed,  as  nearly  as  possible  by  interviewing  property  owners  and  long-time  residents  and  by 
reviewing  property  tax  rolls.  The  ownership  of  stores  and  the  merchandise  and  services  they 
offered  changed  over  the  years,  and  with  few  written  records,  the  history  of  Alachua  commerce 
is  fragmented  and  somewhat  kaleidoscopic. 

A  large  map  of  the  survey  area  with  tax  numbers  recorded  for  each  lot  facilitated  a 
computer  search  of  these  records  at  the  Alachua  County  Tax  Appraisers  office.  A  map  location 
of  each  site  and  a  thumbnail  sketch  were  also  recorded  on  each  field  form.    In  all,  120  sites  were 
determined  to  meet  the  survey  criteria,  and  site  file  numbers  were  obtained  from  the  Bureau  of 
Historic  Preservation  to  be  assigned  to  each  historic  structure.  All  pertinent  information  was 
entered  on  computer  for  each  site  and  disks  including  all  120  forms  will  be  sent  to  the  Florida 
Site  File  along  with  files  containing  hard  copies,  maps,  and  photographs.  Copies  will  be  made 
of  the  computerized  data  as  well  as  the  hard  copy  forms  for  the  City  of  Alachua. 


Finally,  the  analysis  of  the  properties  recorded  during  the  survey  was  completed  and 
recommendations  were  made  for  future  action.  This  final  survey  report,  which  includes  a 
chronological  overview  and  an  architectural  description  of  the  sites,  will  be  made  available  to 
the  public  through  the  City  of  Alachua  Downtown  Redevelopment  Board  of  Trustees. 


Figure  2.    USGS  Map,  Alachua  Quadrangle,  1966,  Revised  1993 
City  of  Alachua  Downtown  Redevelopment  District 


THE  GROWTH  AND  DEVELOPMENT  OF  THE  CITY  OF  ALACHUA: 
A  CHRONOLOGICAL  OVERVIEW  TO  1949 

Historical  Overview 

The  area  which  encompasses  the  city  of  Alachua,  located  in  the  northwest  quadrant  of 
Alachua  County,  is  characterized  by  a  gently  rolling  landscape  with  a  few  lakes  and  sinkholes, 
bounded  on  its  north  border  by  the  Santa  Fe  River.  Once  densely  covered  by  forests  of  yellow 
pine,  oak  hammocks,  and  giant  cypress  trees,  most  of  the  land  has  been  cleared  for  agriculture. 
The  boundaries  of  the  city  have  been  expanded  in  recent  years  to  more  than  forty  square  miles, 
but  the  highest  concentration  of  buildings  is  within  the  fifty-block  survey  area,  downtown 
Alachua,  which  is  about  Fifteen  miles  northwest  of  Gainesville,  the  county  seat  and  largest  city 
in  Alachua  County. 

Prior  to  the  discovery  of  Florida  by  the  first  Europeans  to  reach  the  peninsula  early  in  the 
sixteenth  century,  the  area  which  now  comprises  Alachua  County  was  occupied  by  a  succession 
of  native  peoples.  The  Potano,  a  branch  of  the  Timucuan  nation,  resided  in  the  vicinity  when  the 
Spanish  legions  led  by  Hernando  de  Soto  marched  through  the  land  in  1539.  The  Spaniards 
passed  near  the  future  site  of  the  City  of  Alachua  as  they  crossed  the  Santa  Fe  River  at  the 
natural  land  bridge,  created  as  the  river  goes  underground  for  three  miles,  a  useful  natural 
phenomenon  now  encompassed  within  the  boundaries  of  the  O'Leno  State  Park,  about  ten  miles 
northwest  of  Alachua.  Later,  as  the  Spaniards  built  cities  on  the  coasts  at  St.  Augustine  and 
Pensacola  and  sent  missionaries  to  the  interior  of  La  Florida  to  convert  and  control  the  native 
peoples,  several  missions  were  established  in  what  is  now  Alachua  County,  although  none  within 
the  survey  area.  These  mission  sites  have  been  extensively  studied  and  archaeological  findings 
published  in  a  number  of  works.  Dr.  Jerald  Milanich  of  the  University  of  Florida,  for  example, 
has  done  extensive  research  on  Potano  village  sites  and  Spanish  missions  in  this  part  of  the 
county.1 

With  the  destruction  of  the  La  Florida  mission  system  by  English  raids  early  in  the 
seventeenth  century,  the  land  remained  relatively  empty  of  human  habitation  and  use  until 
remnants  of  the  Creek  nations  to  the  north,  called  Seminoles,  moved  into  north  Florida,  but  little 
is  known  of  Seminole  settlements  within  the  survey  area.  When  Florida  became  a  United  States 
territory,  white  settlers  from  states  north  of  the  border  also  began  to  claim  land  in  the  1820s.  The 
Bellamy  Road,  authorized  by  Congress  in  1824  as  the  first  federal  highway  project  in  Florida, 
passed  near  this  area  as  it  stretched  from  St.  Augustine  to  Pensacola.  The  Bellamy  Road,  which 
closely  followed  the  pathways  created  by  the  early  native  peoples  and  the  Spanish  who  ruled 
Florida  for  more  than  three  centuries,  crossed  the  Santa  Fe  River  over  the  natural  land  bridge 
and  linked  the  remote  inland  heart  of  Florida  to  both  the  Gulf  and  Atlantic  coasts. 

Among  the  local  pioneers  of  the  territorial  period  were  members  of  the  Dell  family.  The 
first  settlement,  located  about  a  mile  northeast  of  the  present  site  of  the  City  of  Alachua,  was 
called  Dell's  Court  House,  established  as  a  post  office  in  1831.  The  name  was  soon  changed  to 
Newnansville  in  1837,  in  honor  of  Indian  fighter  Daniel  Newnan,  under  whom  three  of  the  Dell 
brothers  had  served.  The  history  of  Newnansville,  which  became  the  first  county  seat  of  Alachua 
County,  has  been  extensively  researched,  and  the  Newnansville  cemetery  is  listed  on  the 
National  Register  of  Historic  Places.  The  frontier  village,  located  at  the  junction  of  the  east- west 
Bellamy  Road  and  the  north-south  road  between  Lake  City  and  Micanopy,  became  a  military 
post  and  a  refuge  for  scattered  farm  families  when  their  lives  were  threatened  by  roaming 


Indians  during  the  Seminole  Wars  in  the  1830s  and  early  1840s.  When  the  Seminoles  had  been 
pushed  south  and  peace  once  more  came  to  the  area,  more  settlers  poured  into  Florida,  and 
Newnansville,  as  the  county  seat,  became  a  busy  center  of  business  and  politics.  Many  of  the 
early  land  grants  were  recorded  in  the  wood  frame  courthouse.  The  Methodist  congregation 
outgrew  its  log  cabin  and  built  a  new  church  with  a  steeple  and  classical  facade  in  the  1850s. 
The  town  cemetery  was  laid  out  beside  this  church.  The  rich  soil,  gentle  climate  and  other 
natural  advantages  drew  cotton  planters  as  well  as  small  farmers,  and  agricultural  pursuits 
flourished.2 

Newnansville  would  no  doubt  have  continued  to  grow  had  it  not  been  for  the  routing  of 
the  Florida  Railroad  many  miles  to  the  south  as  it  linked  the  state's  coasts,  running  from 
Fernandina  on  the  Atlantic  to  Cedar  Key  on  the  Gulf  of  Mexico.  Bypassed  by  the  cross-state 
railroad,  Newnansville  lost  out  to  the  new  town  of  Gainesville,  created  about  fifteen  miles  to  the 
south  in  the  1850s,  which  became  the  new  seat  of  government  for  Alachua  County  in  1854. 

Webber's  1883  book,  "Eden  of  the  South,"  characterizes  Newnansville  and  its  environs 
as  "the  most  fertile  portion  of  the  county  .  .  .  [and]  one  of  the  greatest  timber  regions  in  the 
State,"  although  somewhat  isolated  by  lack  of  railroad  connections.  The  old  courthouse  was 
then  in  use  mainly  as  a  Masonic  Temple,  and  only  a  handful  of  stores  were  open  along  Main 
Street.  But  at  least  a  thousand  bags  of  Sea  Island  cotton  were  produced  annually  in  the  precinct 
by  white  and  black  farmers,  who  were  prudently  beginning  to  turn  their  attention  to  fruit  and 
vegetable  crops  as  well.3 

With  the  loss  of  its  status  as  the  county  seat,  Newnansville  was  further  diminished  in  the 
early  1880s  when  the  Savannah,  Florida  and  Western  Railroad's  tracks  were  laid  a  mile  and  a 
half  to  the  south.  The  SF&W  depot  (located  near  the  present  site  of  the  First  National  Bank  of 
Alachua)  became  a  magnet  for  commerce  in  the  area,  and  farmers  were  drawn  there  to  sell  their 
crops  or  ship  them  to  far-off  markets.  Gradually  the  businesses  in  Newnansville  moved  to  the 
new  town  of  Alachua,  pronounced  A-l£-chu-way.  The  Newnansville  post  office  was 
discontinued  and  re-established  at  Alachua  in  1887,  an  official  signal  that  the  new  town  had 
replaced  the  old  one.4 

Streets  were  laid  out  (but  not  paved  for  many  years)  and  lots  were  platted  in  Alachua. 
The  first  eight-block  plat  was  recorded  in  1887,  railroad  engineer  George  Tompsett  set  out 
streets  much  as  they  are  today  in  1897,  and  Clarks  Second  Addition  was  recorded  in  1915 
(Figures  3  &  4  ).  Other  small  platted  sections  of  the  town  were  recorded  in  the  Alachua  County 
courthouse  in  the  following  decades.  The  first  school  house  was  built  on  Main  Street  (on  the  site 
of  the  present  AllTel  building)  and  the  Methodists  and  Baptists  held  their  first  church  services  in 
this  building.  In  1897  the  Methodists  built  a  new  church  on  the  site  of  the  present  building,  and 
in  the  1 890s  a  new  brick  school  building  was  constructed  in  Alachua  on  a  four- acre  plot  of  land 
north  of  the  business  district,  the  site  of  the  present  Alachua  Elementary  School. 


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11 


To  accommodate  a  growing  population  and  the  expanding  economy,  many  homes  and 
stores  were  constructed  in  Alachua  in  the  1880s  and  1890s,  and  the  new  century  saw  a  brisk 
continuation  of  progress  and  development.  This  shift  in  population  doomed  Newnansville  to  its 
current  status  as  one  of  the  "Ghost  Towns  of  Alachua  County,"  with  only  the  old  cemetery  to 
mark  its  past.  Nevertheless,  many  of  the  pioneer  families  in  Alachua  can  trace  ancestors  back  to 
Newnansville  and  they  cherish  the  heritage  of  the  former  county  seat  and  its  interesting  past. 

In  1890  the  Gainesville  Daily  Sun  reported  that  Mrs.  Bart  Stephens  was  opening  a 
millinery  store,  T.  H.  Cato  had  moved  his  beef  market  from  Newnansville  to  Alachua,  and  F.  E. 
Williams  was  rebuilding  his  hotel,  the  Williams  House.  By  1903  other  railroads,  the  Jacksonville 
and  Southwestern  and  the  Atlantic  Coast  Line  (which  had  absorbed  the  SF&W),  had  established 
depots.  Mizell  and  Williams  had  installed  a  new  gasoline  engine  in  their  cotton  gin  by  1905,  and 
the  Alachua  Telephone  Company  had  a  direct  line  to  Gainesville.5  Growing  cotton  was  the  main 
occupation  in  the  agrarian  community,  and  the  town  now  had  a  weekly  newspaper,  two 
physicians  and  three  druggists,  a  Baptist  and  a  Methodist  church,  a  public  school,  and  three 
hotels.  At  least  a  dozen  merchants  erected  fine  brick  stores,  most  with  decorative  brickwork 
adorning  their  handsome  parapets  and  elegantly  arched  doors  and  windows  with  more  brickwork 
elaborations.  Similar  brickwork  can  be  seen  on  extant  buildings  constructed  at  about  the  same 
time  in  the  nearby  towns  of  High  Springs  and  Newberry.  (One  of  the  master  masons  may  have 
been  J.  T.  Mizell,  who  built  the  Methodist  Church  in  1912.) 

The  merchants  of  Alachua  built  fine  homes  for  their  families  close  to  their  stores, 
proudly  advertising  their  success  and  prosperity,  and  establishing  their  role  as  community 
leaders.  The  mix  of  solid  brick  stores  and  attractive  residences  along  Main  Street  that  is  the 
legacy  of  these  pioneer  merchants  is  one  of  the  most  delightful  impressions  of  the  historic  heart 
of  the  city. 

In  April  of  1905  Alachua  was  incorporated.  That  same  year  the  Gainesville  Daily  Sun 
reported  that  the  Diamond  Ice  Company  planned  to  build  a  plant  with  a  twenty-ton  capacity  in 
Alachua,  and  the  Bank  of  Alachua  had  erected  a  handsome  new  fireproof  building.  C.  A. 
Williams,  a  pioneer  merchant,  sold  his  dry  goods  business  to  Mrs.  M.  L  Maynard  and  her  sons, 
John  and  William  Jones,  and  Walter  H.  Sealey  purchased  the  Cable  and  May  Racket  Store. 
Two  years  later  the  First  National  Bank  opened  on  Main  Street  with  $25,000  in  capital  stock.  Its 
founders.  Dr.  J.  C.  Bishop,  T.  W.  Shands,  C.  A.  Williams,  S.  J.  Ellis,  E.  E.  Bell,  and  J.  W. 
Roberts,  were  placing  their  faith  in  the  continued  prosperity  of  the  town,  which  was  still  heavily 
dependent  on  the  local  Sea  Island  cotton  crop.  Two  miles  of  granolithic  sidewalk  eight  feet  in 
width  were  installed  along  Main  Street  in  1912  and  a  new  Methodist  Church,  to  replace  the  one 
that  had  burned  in  1910,  was  completed.  The  town  now  had  a  population  of  more  than  a 
thousand.  More  progress  in  the  form  of  a  city-owned  electric  plant  and  water  works  came  to 
Alachua  in  1913,  and  Mr.  E.  S.  Pierce  lost  little  time  wiring  homes  and  businesses.  Proceeds 
from  these  utilities  would  form  the  financial  base  of  the  City  of  Alachua  government  for  many 
years.6 

The  buildings  shown  on  the  1912  and  1924  Sanborn  maps,  old  photographs,  business 
directories,  and  interviews  with  local  historians  reveal  the  details  of  life  in  this  vital  small  city 
serving  the  surrounding  farming  communities.  There  were  several  cotton  gins  processing  the 
valuable  cash  crop  (running  night  and  day  to  keep  up  with  the  inflow  of  cotton),  packing  sheds 
where  produce  was  boxed  and  crated  for  shipment,  several  sawmills  and  a  grist  mill,  three 
railroad  depots  to  serve  the  three  railroad  lines  that  passed  through  town,  an  unpaved  but  tree- 


12 


shaded  Main  Street,  brick  stores  offering  a  variety  of  merchandise,  four  churches,  a  cluster  of 
brick  school  buildings,  an  ice  plant  and  cold  storage  facility,  and  several  small  hotels.  There  was 
a  pool  hall,  but  no  saloons. 

Alachua  was  not  a  tourist  town,  but  on  Saturday,  when  the  farm  families  came  to  town  to 
sell  their  crops  and  to  shop,  the  tempo  of  life  picked  up  and  traffic  swelled  as  wagons  and  trucks 
lined  up  at  the  packing  houses  and  cotton  gins,  lines  lengthened  at  the  two  banks  and  the  barber 
shops,  porches  were  crowded  with  visiting  friends  and  relatives,  and  cash  drawers  filled  up  in  all 
the  general  stores  and  shops  along  Main  Street.  The  links  between  town  and  country  went  both 
ways:  some  well-to-do  farmers  maintained  houses  in  town,  the  town  doctor  tended  his  patients 
throughout  the  countryside,  and  the  two  car  dealers  sent  salesmen  out  to  the  farmlands  to 
demonstrate  the  superiority  of  their  Chevrolet  sedans,  Fordson  tractors,  Model-Ts,  or  Lincoln 
Zephyrs.  While  the  younger  set  might  have  enjoyed  movies  in  town  or  cherry  cokes  at  the  soda 
fountain  in  Joiner's  Drug  Store,  they  also  flocked  out  to  Pinkoson  Springs  or  Burnett's  Lake  for 
picnics  and  swimming  parties.7 

The  devastation  caused  by  the  infestation  of  the  cotton  crop  by  the  boll  weevil  around 
1919-1920  proved  the  wisdom  of  diversified  farming,  but  many  small  farmers,  black  and  white, 
lost  their  farms  and  either  went  to  work  for  others  or  moved  away.  Those  who  planted 
vegetables  or  raised  hogs,  chickens,  and  cattle  survived,  and  the  value  of  farm  land  increased. 
Tobacco  was  first  planted  in  the  mid- 1920s  and  became  an  important  cash  crop.8  The  general 
population  did  not  rise  in  the  1920s  and  few  new  homes  were  built,  but  stores  in  town  continued 
to  do  a  steady,  if  modest,  business. 

Alachua  weathered  the  depression  years  better  than  many  other  parts  of  Florida,  which 
were  affected  by  the  collapse  of  the  real  estate  boom.  In  1930,  a  large  packing  shed,  60  x  300 
feet,  was  built  to  handle  the  cucumber,  corn,  lettuce,  watermelons  and  other  crops  produced  on 
local  farms.  As  many  as  sixty  to  seventy  people  were  employed  at  this  facility,  which  acted  also 
to  assure  quality  control.  (Located  behind  the  police  station,  it  has  been  enclosed  and  is  used  for 
storage.)  The  Bank  of  Alachua  closed  in  January  of  1931,  never  to  reopen,  but  astute 
management  kept  the  First  National  Bank  in  business.9  It  moved  in  1975  from  its  Main  Street 
location  to  a  larger  bank  building  a  block  away,  where  it  continues  to  serve  the  community. 
When  W.  F.  Duke's  lumber  mill  burned  in  1931,  the  company  relocated  on  a  site  just  east  of 
town.  Ford  dealer  William  Enneis  catered  to  the  motorists  driving  through  Alachua  on  the  Dixie 
Highway  by  installing  two  gasoline  pumps  and  offering  auto  repairs  and  service  (Figure  5). 
Several  other  service  stations  appeared,  replacing  community  landmarks  such  as  Mr.  Barnett's 
livery  stable  behind  the  bank  and  Mr.  Mott's  blacksmith  shop.  The  Lions  Club,  which  still 
flourishes,  was  organized  in  July  of  1931  to  carry  out  civic  betterment  projects.  Reverend  J.  H. 
Copeland,  Church  of  Christ  minister  and  one  of  the  founders  of  Copeland  Sausage  Company, 
was  the  first  president.  The  establishment  of  the  Copeland  brothers'  sausage  factory  in  Alachua 
in  the  mid- 1920s  was  a  big  boon  to  the  local  economy.  It  employed  hundreds  of  people  in  the 
plant,  supported  local  farmers  who  raised  the  hogs,  and  quickly  grew  into  a  successful  statewide 
operation.10 

Federal  relief  funds  brought  some  road  improvements  during  the  Depression  years,  and 
the  Alachua  Womans  Club  building  was  constructed  in  1938  with  the  aid  of  the  WPA,  both 
projects  providing  jobs  for  unemployed  men.  FERA  funds  also  contributed  to  the  new  eight- 
room  brick  school  building  that  opened  in  1935. 

The  1940s,  the  World  War  II  years,  brought  prosperity  and  higher  prices  for  agricultural 


13 


products.  In  addition,  good  paying  jobs  became  available  at  Camp  Blanding  located  at  Starke  in 
Bradford  County.  There  were  few  houses  or  stores  built  during  the  war  years  due  to  shortage  of 
materials.  Just  as  Alachua  escaped  the  building  boom  of  the  1930s,  so  did  it  escape  the  post-war 
building  boom.  Many  men  who  had  joined  the  service  did  not  return  to  Alachua  after  the  war; 
farming  had  lost  its  luster  as  new  jobs  opened  up  elsewhere.  The  end  of  the  railroad  era  brought 
an  increase  in  highway  traffic,  By  the  1940s  traffic  on  the  Dixie  Highway  down  Alachua's  Main 
Street  shifted  to  US  441,  which  bypassed  the  old  downtown  shopping  center.  When  Interstate  75 
was  built  in  the  1960s  west  of  downtown,  it  also  had  an  impact  on  Alachua,  making  it  easier  for 
people  to  drive  to  Gainesville  to  shop.  Modern  industrial  plants  and  shopping  and  service  centers 
have  been  established  in  Alachua  in  recent  decades  but  not  within  the  survey  area,  which  adds  to 
the  tax  base  and  provides  jobs  without  impacting  the  concentration  of  the  city's  historic 
buildings.  Stores  along  old  Main  Street,  which  struggled  for  several  decades  and  became  a 
somewhat  blighted  area,  now  do  a  brisk  business.  A  new  generation  of  entrepreneurs  have 
renovated  and  rehabilitated  the  older  commercial  buildings  to  serve  the  current  needs  of  the 
community. 

The  fifty-block  survey  area  has  been  buffered  from  the  impact  of  subdivisions  and 
national  franchise  stores  and  has  retained  its  small-town  scale  and  ambiance.  Its  historic 
buildings-  homes,  stores,  and  churches-are  enduring  containers  of  memory,  meaning,  and 
experience  that  deserve  preservation  and  protection. 

Architectural  Analysis 

The  historic  architectural  resources  of  Alachua  make  up  a  small  percentage  of  the  total 
buildings  within  the  city  limits.  Based  on  survey  criteria  and  the  geographical  boundaries  of  the 
Downtown  Redevelopment  District,  a  total  of  1 20  buildings  were  identified  as  contributing  to 
the  historic  fabric  of  the  area.  Those  buildings  are  the  product  of  the  late-nineteenth  and  early- 
twentieth  centuries  and  are  closely  associated  with  the  development  of  north  central  Florida  and 
Alachua  County.    The  majority  of  the  buildings  exhibit  vernacular  designs,  although  a 
significant  percentage  were  classified  as  representing  various  identifiable  architectural  styles. 
Most  were  built  as  single  family  residences,  with  commercial,  religious,  and  clubhouse  being  the 
only  other  historic  functions  evident  in  the  community. 

To  form  a  background  for  the  built  environment,  a  brief  description  of  the  present  and 
original  physical  appearance  of  the  survey  area  is  in  order.  Alachua  has  historically  been 
associated  with  agricultural  pursuits  and  its  location  was  determined  not  by  natural  features,  but 
by  the  establishment  of  the  Savannah,  Florida  and  Western  Railroad  line  which  built  the  first  of 
three  depots  in  Alachua  in  the  early  1880s.  Like  the  surrounding  land,  the  site  of  the  new  town, 
which  had  formerly  been  known  as  Williams  Hammock,  was  relatively  flat  with  some  gentle 
hills.  There  are  no  lakes  or  other  bodies  of  water  within  the  survey  area,  but  two  small  sinkholes 
were  observed.  Streets  were  laid  out  in  a  north-south  grid  with  East  Main  Street  and  West  Main 
Street  running  parallel  to  one  another.  Broad  Street,  which  was  later  called  Church  Street,  was 
the  other  main  north-south  avenue.  The  east-west  streets  were  numbered.  Although  streets  were 
not  paved  for  many  years,  some  improvements  to  sidewalks  were  made  early  in  the  century  in 
the  business  district  on  East  Main  Street. 

Some  homes  and  shops  were  built  in  the  last  years  of  the  nineteenth  century,  but  the 
greatest  boom  in  building  took  place  in  Alachua  in  the  first  two  decades  of  the  twentieth  century. 
There  were  several  sawmills  in  town,  and  other  buildings  supplies  for  the  brick  stores  and  frame 


14 


homes  could  be  brought  in  by  rail.  Two  more  railroads  passed  through  Alachua,  several  blocks 
south  of  the  SF&W  line,  which  had  become  part  of  the  Plant  System. 

Other  than  the  buildings,  these  railroads  and  the  highways  that  connected  Alachua  to  the 
surrounding  communities  and  to  the  larger  world  are  the  most  significant  man-made  features  in 
Alachua.  Only  one  of  the  rail  lines  is  still  in  use  at  present,  but  trains  no  longer  stop  in 
downtown  Alachua.  The  last  depot  was  removed  in  the  1950s.    Main  Street,  which  used  to  be 
part  of  the  Dixie  Highway  system  which  ran  all  the  way  down  to  Miami,  is  now  used  only  for 
local  traffic.  Broad  or  Church  Street,  now  NW  140  Street,  is  County  Road  235,  a  rather  busy 
highway  that  divides  south  of  town  leading  to  Gainesville  and  to  Newberry.  US  441,  which 
parallels  the  old  SF&W  tracks,  is  a  major  divided  highway  connecting  Alachua  to  High  Springs 
and  to  Gainesville.  Many  new  businesses  were  built  on  this  corridor.  In  the  1960s,  an  interstate 
highway  was  built  just  west  of  Alachua,  passing  through  what  was  open  farmland.  The  Alachua 
exit  on  Interstate  75  sprouted  a  cluster  of  hotels,  restaurants,  service  stations,  and  other 
businesses  in  the  ensuing  decades.  Because  of  its  favorable  location,  Alachua  has  attracted  a 
number  of  large  industrial  plants  and  research  complexes  to  its  open  spaces,  many  of  which  are 
within  the  larger  city  limits. 

Until  the  1980s,  there  was  little  effort  to  landscape  the  downtown  district.  Now  a  curving 
street  with  lush  pear  trees,  brick  crosswalks,  and  other  urban  amenities  marks  a  section  of  Main 
Street,  with  plans  to  extend  these  improvements  in  the  near  future.  There  is  no  landscaping  on 
NW  140  Street,  but  there  are  sidewalks  on  either  side  of  this  wide  thoroughfare.  The  residential 
streets  are  paved,  but  do  not  have  curbs  or  sidewalks.  Skinner  Park,  with  tennis,  basketball, 
baseball  and  soccer  facilities,  is  also  the  site  of  the  Lions  Club  and  a  Scout  Hut.  The  City  of 
Alachua  has  received  a  $100,000  grant  to  renovate  Skinner  Park.  Another  recreational  facility  is 
located  west  of  the  survey  area  in  the  Rolling  Green  area.  A  new  county  library  has  opened  on 
NW  140  Street,  adjacent  to  the  City  Hall. 

There  is  little  intrusion  into  the  historic  character  of  Main  Street  between  NW  150 
Avenue  and  NW  145  Avenue.  The  north  end  of  the  Main  Street  is  marked  by  commercial 
development  along  US  441,  a  large  parking  lot,  and  little  attention  to  aesthetics.  The  older  and 
newer  homes  in  the  residential  neighborhoods  blend  in  a  harmonious  way,  with  no  sharp 
contrasts.  Most  homes  less  than  fifty  years  old  were  built  as  infill  rather  than  as  a  result  of 
intense  development.  Very  few  homes  in  truly  dilapidated  condition  were  observed,  and  there 
were  encouraging  signs  of  home  improvement  and  rehabilitation  of  historic  houses. 

A  building  that  is  in  either  good  or  excellent  condition  is  more  apt  to  be  given 
consideration  for  listing  in  the  National  Register  of  Historic  Places  than  one  that  is  in  fair  or 
deteriorated  condition.  Alachua's  historic  building  stock  was  found  to  possess  a  significant 
degree  of  integrity.  The  majority  of  buildings  included  in  the  survey  still  serve  their  original 
function.  While  some  of  the  buildings  that  originally  served  as  residential  structures  have  been 
converted  to  use  as  offices  or  other  commercial  uses,  their  adaptive  use  has  retained  the  basic 
integrity  of  their  original  appearance. 

The  historic  buildings  in  the  survey  area  represent  an  important  cluster  of  cultural 
resources  that  exhibit  a  wide  range  of  forms  and  several  architectural  styles.  Most  were 
designed  and  constructed  by  builders  who  drew  upon  traditional  buildings  techniques  and 
contemporary  stylistic  preferences  for  their  inspirations  and  were  primarily  concerned  with 
providing  functional  spaces  for  their  clients. 


15 


Residential  Buildings 

The  Frame  Vernacular  is  the  dominant  style  for  houses  in  Alachua,  a  style  based  on 
tradition  rather  than  architectural  form.  Builders  and  carpenters,  many  of  them  self-taught,  often 
constructed  Frame  Vernacular  buildings  from  memory,  using  available  resources  that  were 
affordable  and  familiar  to  the  community.  Frame  Vernacular  buildings  did  not  represent  major 
stylistic  trends,  but  sometimes  components  of  "high  style"  were  applied  to  facades  or  porches. 
In  Alachua,  like  elsewhere  in  Florida,  Frame  Vernacular  houses  were  one  or  two  stories  in 
height,  constructed  of  the  plentiful  native  yellow  pine  using  the  balloon  frame  structural  system. 
This  popular  building  technology  adapts  readily  to  additions  and  alterations  as  a  family  grows, 
needs  a  larger  kitchen,  builds  an  indoor  bathroom,  accommodates  an  aging  parent,  or  adds 
central  heat  or  air  conditioning.  The  structures  are  mounted  on  masonry  piers,  mostly  of  brick, 
and  have  a  single  front  or  side  gable  or  intersecting  and  cross  gable  roofs.  Horizontal  drop 
siding  or  weatherboard  are  the  most  widely  used  exterior  wall  surface,  and  roofing  materials 
may  be  composition  shingles  or  the  more  traditional  standing  seam  metal  roofing.  Some 
resemble  the  farmhouses  that  dot  the  countryside  (Figure  5),  others  are  simple  cottages  for  the 
working  man  (Figure  6).  E.  E.  Bell,  a  local  builder  and  contractor  whose  skill  is 
shown  in  the  quality  of  his  own  home  (  Figure  7),  was  a  master  of  the  Frame  Vernacular 
style. 


Figure  5.  Dell-Dansby  House,  14810  NW 144  Street 
16 


Figure  6.  14412  NW 144  Place 


Figure  7.  Bell  House,  14707 '  NW  140  Street 


17 


The  Queen  Anne  was  one  of  the  most  popular  residential  styles  in  the  United  States 
between  1880  and  1910.  This  most  elaborate  house  type  is  represented  in  Alachua  by  such 
examples  as  the  Williams-LeRoy  house,  the  Pierce-Bishop  house,  and  the  Mizell-Stephens  house 
on  Main  Street.  Here  we  see  the  steeply  pitched,  irregularly  shaped  roof  lines  and  asymmetrical 
facades,  as  well  as  the  free  use  of  bay  windows,  patterned  shingles,  turned  balusters,  and 
decorative  woodwork  that  mark  this  late  Victorian  era  style  made  popular  by  English  architects 
and  inappropriately  named  for  the  early  seventeenth-century  British  monarch.11  The  Williams- 
LeRoy  house  (Figure  8)  is  complete  with  an  elaborate  tower,  and  the  Pierce-Bishop  house  is 
embellished  with  a  gazebo  with  a  conical  roof  on  one  corner  of  the  front  verandah  (Figure  9). 
The  Mizell-Stephens  house  (Figure  10)  has  a  classical  portico  as  a  focal  point  for  its  broad, 
wraparound  porch.  The  interior  details  of  woodwork,  fireplace  surrounds  and  mantles,  and  the 
generous  size  of  the  rooms  in  these  homes  are  in  keeping  with  the  elaborations  on  the  exterior. 
Other  houses  in  Alachua  are  more  modestly  defined  by  this  exuberant  style,  with  gingerbread 
trim,  bay  windows,  brackets  on  porches,  or  cut  shingles  in  the  front  gable. 


Figure  8.  Williams-LeRoy  House,  14603  Main  Street 


18 


Figure  9.  Pierce-Bishop  House,  14713  Main  Street 


Figure  10.  Mizell-Stevhens  House,  14705  Main  Street 


19 


The  more  symmetrical  Colonial  Revival  style,  which  drew  its  inspiration  from  a  rebirth 
of  interest  in  the  early  English  and  Dutch  houses  built  during  the  nation's  colonial  period,  is 
represented  by  larger  homes  such  as  the  Williams-Harrison  house  (Figure  11)  and  the  Enneis 
house  (Figure  12)  with  their  classical,  formal  entrances  and  balanced  windows.  Several  smaller 
homes  with  these  characteristics  indicate  the  enduring  popularity  of  this  style. 

The  Craftsman  Bungalow,  introduced  in  this  country  in  the  1890s  by  California 
architects,  found  a  ready  market  in  Florida  early  in  the  twentieth  century.  Its  low-pitched  roof, 
wide  unenclosed  eaves,  often  accented  with  knee  brackets,  and  thick  sloping  porch  columns  set 
on  brick  piers  were  in  marked  contrast  to  older  styles  and  gave  builders  and  homeowners  a  fresh 
new  look  at  a  modest  price.  Most  were  unpretentious  and  in  harmony  with  any  landscape  or  site 
size.  The  porch  was  an  integral  part  of  the  Bungalow  design,  and  with  the  increasingly  important 
role  of  the  automobile  in  domestic  life,  the  carport  became  an  element  of  the  house  design  rather 
than  an  afterthought.  Bungalow  plans  appeared  in  newspapers,  magazines,  and  pattern  books, 
and  the  popular  house  could  even  be  ordered  in  pre-fabricated  packages.12  A  Bungalow  could  be 
large,  such  as  the  David  Waters  house  (Figure  13),  or  more  modest  in  size  such  as  the  Carl 
Williams  house  (Figure  14).  The  Hague  house  (Figure  15  )  is  good  illustration  of  the  use  of 
natural  materials,  another  Craftsman  touch,  in  this  case  the  local  limestone  is  used  to  good 
advantage.  Smaller  wood  frame  Bungalows  (Figure  16)  reveal  the  versatility  and  flexibility  of 
this  informal  and  practical  style. 

On  most  of  the  houses  in  Alachua,  the  open  front  porch  is  still  the  norm.  Some  have 
been  enclosed  or  screened,  but  this  inviting  feature  has  endured  longer  than  in  many  older 
neighborhoods.  Porches  serve  an  important  function  in  creating  a  feeling  of  welcome  and,  at  the 
same  time,  separation  from  the  world  outside.  The  expansive  wraparound  verandahs  of  the  larger 
homes  (Figure  17),  the  smaller  porch  tucked  in  the  ell  of  a  roof  (Figure  18),  the  tiny  portico 
sheltering  a  front  entrance— all  these  add  distinction  to  the  homes  of  Alachua. 

In  most  of  the  yards,  garages  and  storage  sheds  in  a  variety  of  materials  were  noted.  A 
few  homes  have  swimming  pools,  while  some  still  have  old  barns  which  might  once  have 
sheltered  a  horse  or  a  cow.  Early  in  the  century  people  kept  domestic  animals  in  their  yards, 
which  were  sure  to  be  fenced.  Fencing,  in  a  variety  of  materials,  can  still  be  seen,  but  it  is  more 
likely  to  enclose  side  and  rear  yards  and  be  used  for  privacy,  rather  than  to  exclude  roaming 
livestock. 

There  are  very  few  vacant  lots  within  the  survey  area,  but  a  number  of  homes  are  on 
large  parcels  that  take  up  as  much  as  half  a  block.  Landscaping  is  varied  and  informal,  with 
many  large  shade  trees-oak,  pine,  hickory,  magnolia,  pecan,  and  other  native  species.  All  streets 
within  the  survey  area  are  paved  with  asphalt.  The  only  paved  sidewalks  are  along  Main  Street 
and  NW  140  Street.  Noncontributing  houses,  those  built  after  1950,  are  in  scale  with  the  older 
houses  and  have  the  same  setbacks  (Figures  19  &  20). 


20 


Figure  11.  Williams-Harrison  House,  14209  XIV 148  Place 


Figure  12.  Enneis  House,  14603  NW 144  Street 


21 


Figure  13.  David  Waters  House,  14617  Main  Street 


Figure  14.    Carl  Williams  House,  14801  NW 142  Terrace 


22 


'-, 


figure  15.    E.  D.  Hague  House,  14722  Nl¥  142  Terrace 


Figure  16.    14412  NiV  145  Avenue 
23 


Figure  1 7.    14804  NW 140  Street 


Figure  18.    14109  NW  146 Avenue 

24 


Figure  19.     Noncontj-ihuling  Residence,  14218  NW 145  Avenue 


Figure  20.    Noncontributing Residence,    14307  NW  147 Avenue 


25 


Commercial  Buildings 

Most  of  the  extant  older  commercial  buildings  in  Alachua  are  of  brick,  with  two  built  of 
rusticated  cast  concrete  block  (the  Bank  of  Alachua  and  the  old  garage  on  the  comer  of  Main 
Street  and  NW  150  Avenue).  These  masonry  vernacular  structures  are  rectangular  in  shape  and 
face  Main  Street  with  no  setbacks  (Figure  21).  Old  photographs  indicate  that  most  had  awnings 
over  the  sidewalks,  and  this  is  still  the  case.  There  are  several  blocks  of  buildings  where 
common  walls  are  shared  and  where  there  is  evidence  of  connecting  doorways  between  stores. 
Two  of  the  stores,  Harvest  Thyme  Cafe  (Figure  22)  and  Garden  Gazebo  have  decorative  cast 
iron  pilasters  incorporated  into  the  design  of  the  front  facade.  Roof  lines  and  flat  parapets  of  the 
historic  stores  in  Alachua  are  distinguished  by  richly  textured  brickwork  in  a  variety  of  patterns, 
many  in  excellent  condition.  Arched  and  rounded  windows  and  doorways  with  basket-handle 
detailing,  recessed  panels,  and  denticulated  cornices  add  interest  and  dimension. (Figure  23).  In 
recent  years,  decorative  canvas  awnings  have  been  installed  by  some  store  owners.  On  Main 
Street,  there  are  three  contributing  two-story  commercial  buildings  and  about  twenty-five  one- 
story  structures.  The  Enneis  Motor  Company,  located  south  of  the  railroad  tracks  was  built 
originally  as  a  cotton  warehouse,  converted  to  a  Ford  agency  and  service  center  by  William 
Enneis  in  1925  (Figure  24).  Two  frame  buildings  covered  with  corrugated  metal  (a  former 
machine  shop  and  a  dry  cleaners)  are  all  that  remain  of  this  type  of  structure.  None  of  the 
original  railroad  depots,  which  existed  mostly  for  the  benefit  of  agricultural  activities,  are  extant. 

Most  of  the  noncontributing  stores  and  business  buildings  observed  during  the  survey, 
those  built  after  1949,  are  concentrated  along  US  441,  but  those  few  newer  commercial 
structures  on  Main  Street  generally  respect  the  scale  and  texture  of  the  historic  district  (Figure 
25). 


&S&. 


Figure  21.    Oldest  stores,  14925  &  14933  Main  Street 
26 


Figure  22.  Stringfellow  Building  (Harvest  Thyme  Cafe),  14822  Main  Street 


Figure  23.    Sealey,  Eddy,  and  Williams  Stores,  South  Main  Street 


27 


24.    Enneis  Motor  Company,  14320  Main  Street 


Figure  25.  Noncontributing  commercial  building,  Main  Street 


28 


Alachua  Churches  and  Clubhouses 

There  are  two  historic  churches  in  the  survey  area,  the  Methodist  Church,  built  in  1912, 
whose  congregation  dates  its  founding  to  the  1820s  in  Newnansville,  and  the  Church  of  Christ, 
built  in  1921.  The  Methodist  Church,  built  by  J.  T.  Mizell,  has  a  Gothic  tower  with  crenelated 
roof  line  and  rounded  Romanesque  windows  inset  with  very  fine  stained  glass  windows  (Figure 
26).  The  fellowship  hall  and  educational  buildings,  built  in  recent  years,  are  set  back  on  the  site 
and  do  not  intrude  on  the  impact  or  historical  character  of  this  impressive  house  of  worship. 

The  Church  of  Christ,  stuccoed  on  its  older  section,  has  a  1934  addition  of  rusticated 
block.  This  popular  and  durable  building  material  was  widely  used  throughout  Florida  as  it  could 
be  made  on  the  site,  using  concrete  poured  into  molds  (Figure  27). 

Alachua  has  several  buildings  within  the  survey  area  devoted  to  meeting  places  for 
organizations.  The  most  prominent  is  the  Alachua  Womans  Club.  The  Womans  Club  was 
founded  in  1912  to  work  for  the  benefit  of  the  Alachua  School.  Members  met  in  homes  or 
church  buildings  until  1938  when,  thanks  to  federal  funds  made  available  during  the  Depression, 
a  beautiful  clubhouse  was  built  of  native  limestone  on  land  owned  by  the  club  on  Main  Street 
(Figure  28).  It  is  almost  certain  that  Gainesville  architect  Sanford  Goin  was  the  architect,  for  he 
designed  a  very  similar  stone  building  in  Newberry  during  this  same  time  period.  The  triple 
arched  facade,  fine  detailing  inside  and  out,  superior  masonry  work,  and  excellent  proportions  of 
this  building  are  noteworthy.  Many  important  community  events  have  taken  place  in  this 
building,  including  the  annual  cattlemen's  banquet,  sponsored  by  the  Lions  Club  and  catered  by 
the  members  of  the  Womans  Club. 

Masonic  Lodge  #26  meets  on  the  second  floor  of  the  historic  Williams  Building  (Figure 
23),  and  down  Main  Street,  south  of  the  railroad  tracks,  is  the  home  of  VFW  Post  9229,  which 
holds  regular  bingo  games  in  their  small  clubhouse,  once  a  tearoom. 


Figure  26.  Alachua  United  Methodist  Church,  14805  NW 140  Street 


29 


Figure  27.    Church  of  Christ,  14421  NW 145  Avenue 


Figure  28.  Alachua  Womans  Club,  14565 Mam  Street 


30 


RECOMMENDATIONS 

The  indispensable  preliminary  step  in  the  City  of  Alachua's  preservation  program  has 
been  taken  with  the  completion  of  this  historic  properties  survey.  Once  the  survey  of  historic 
resources  has  been  completed  and  the  overview  of  the  city's  history  has  been  recorded,  the 
information  that  has  been  gathered  can  be  used  in  the  planning  and  decision  making  process. 
Because  historic  resources  are  irreplaceable,  it  is  imperative  that  the  City  of  Alachua  consider  its 
natural  resources  and  historic  properties  in  all  land  use  considerations.  In  addition  to 
government  action,  citizen  and  community  support  is  vital.  The  interest  and  cooperation  of  all 
segments  of  the  community  encountered  during  the  process  of  this  survey  indicate  that  there  are 
many  supporters  for  the  protection  and  preservation  of  the  historic  buildings  of  Alachua. 

There  are  three  main  reasons  to  support  historic  preservation,  and  they  set  forward  a 
persuasive  case  which  should  be  understood  and  appreciated  by  the  citizens  of  Alachua: 

•  Tradition,  or  the  maintenance  of  a  community's  sense  of  time  and  place,  is  important  for 
citizens  of  all  ages.  Promoting  the  unique  history  and  heritage  of  Alachua  through  the 
remaining  built  environment  will  help  clarify  and  strengthen  the  traditions  that  are  part  of 
the  community.  Pioneer  families  are  recognized,  young  people  of  the  community  have  a 
better  understanding  of  local  history,  and  newcomers  are  made  aware  of  the  community's 
roots  through  its  historic  structures.  Recognizing  the  past  helps  the  Alachuans  of  the 
present  understand  what  sets  this  city  apart  from  other  towns,  cities,  and  neighborhoods. 
In  this  modern  era  of  franchised  architecture,  many  parts  of  Florida  have  become 
indistinguishable  one  from  another.  Preserving  familiar  surroundings  contributes  to  the 
sense  of  continuity  in  community. 

•  Aesthetics  are  enhanced  throughout  the  City  of  Alachua  as  historic  structures  and 
streetscapes  are  maintained,  older  buildings  are  restored,  and  neighborhoods  continue  to 
be  desirable  and  attractive  places  to  live.  Design  guidelines  help  reinforce  the 
architectural  gifts  of  the  past,  and  beautification  projects,  such  as  the  creation  of  a  park 
within  the  shell  of  the  old  movie  theater,  encourage  other  property  owners  to  value  and 
restore  landmark  buildings  by  respecting  older  building  styles  and  traditions. 
Improvements  of  streetscapes,  distinctive  signage  in  the  commercial  area,  and  an  active 
appreciation  for  local  styles  and  architectural  features  already  fortify  the  efforts  made  to 
improve  the  aesthetic  appeal  and  harmony  of  Alachua's  Main  Street. 

•  Economics  is  a  driving  force  in  our  society,  and  the  preservation  of  historic  buildings  in 
the  City  of  Alachua  pays  off  for  property  owners  and  the  entire  community  in  a  number 
of  ways.  Federal  tax  benefits  provide  incentives  to  owners  who  restore  older  income- 
producing  buildings  according  to  the  standards  set  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  and 
real  estate  values  of  well  maintained  and  properly  restored  and  renovated  heritage  homes 
and  stores  continue  to  rise.  The  State  of  Florida  has  passed  enabling  legislation 
permitting  local  governments  to  offer  ad  valorem  tax  relief  for  residential  property  if 
they  so  choose.  Certain  grant  funds  are  available  to  government  agencies  and  nonprofit 
organizations  for  a  variety  of  historic  preservation  projects  through  the  Bureau  of 
Historic  Preservation.  Economic  benefits  also  arise  because  of  jobs  created  in  the  local 
construction  industry  and  the  jobs  that  result  when  rehabilitated  buildings  are  put  back  in 


31 


use,  adding  to  the  local  tax  base.  In  addition,  the  special  appeal  that  historic  buildings 
create  for  tourists  and  out-of-town  visitors,  as  well  as  individuals  and  businesses 
considering  settling  in  or  near  the  City  of  Alachua,  is  a  valuable  promotional  asset. 

Specific  Recommendations  for  the  City  of  Alachua 

Recognition  of  Historic  Properties 

The  next  step  in  historic  preservation  is  the  formal  recognition  of  historic  properties  at 
the  Federal  and  local  level.  The  National  Register  of  Historic  Places,  maintained  by  the  US 
Department  of  the  Interior,  in  addition  to  listing  individual  buildings,  sites,  and  structures,  also 
lists  historic  districts.  This  listing  is  essentially  honorary  and  provides  no  protection  for 
properties,  nor  does  it  restrict  a  property  owner's  ability  to  alter  the  structure  in  any  way.  The 
only  exception  is  in  the  case  of  federal  funds  or  activities  that  might  impact  the  property, 
whereupon  a  review  process  is  required  before  federal  funds  can  be  used.  Listing  of  a 
commercial  property  as  a  contributing  structure  within  a  historic  district  makes  the  owner 
eligible  for  the  Tax  Rehabilitation  Credit  offered  by  the  Federal  government.  I  strongly 
recommend  that  a  historic  district  be  nominated.  The  recommended  boundaries  of  the  historic 
district,  where  the  greatest  concentration  of  significant  and  contributing  resources  exists,  are 
indicated  in  Figure  29.  The  City  of  Alachua  historic  district  possesses  a  signficant  concentration 
of  structures  united  hitoricaily  and  aesthetically  by  their  physical  development.  The  material 
gathered  during  this  survey  will  support  the  documentation  necessary  to  prepare  a  nomination 
proposal. 

Expanded  Survey  of  Historic  and  Archaeological  Resources 

This  report,  with  its  accompanying  Florida  Site  File  forms,  completes  the  survey  of  the 
City  of  Alachua  Downtown  Redevelopment  District.  In  total,  120  forms  were  completed  for 
properties  built  before  1949.  These  forms  and  the  survey  report  should  be  retained  by  the 
Downtown  Redevelopment  Council  and  the  City  of  Alachua  Planning  and  Zoning  Department  to 
be  used  as  a  basis  for  making  decisions  concerning  historic  preservation  in  this  area.  The  survey 
area  comprised  an  area  of  approximately  fifty  city  blocks. 

As  the  total  area  of  the  City  of  Alachua  is  more  than  forty  square  miles,  I  recommend 
that  a  second  phase  be  undertaken  to  survey  the  historic  resources  in  the  rest  of  Alachua.  A 
number  of  buildings  that  would  have  met  the  survey  criteria  were  observed  in  adjacent  streets 
and  neighborhoods  not  included  within  the  boundaries  of  the  Downtown  Redevelopment 
District,  and  many  more  can  be  found  in  rural  parts  of  Alachua.  As  most  of  the  sites  included  in 
the  survey  area  were  those  of  white  property  owners,  the  rich  history  of  the  African  American 
community  of  Alachua  and  the  buildings  associated  with  its  neighborhoods  and  institutions  have 
yet  to  be  documented.  It  is  also  highly  likely  that  important  archaeological  sites  may  be  found  in 
the  surrounding  area  as  evidenced  by  past  archaeological  investigations.  A  search  of  the  Florida 
Site  Files  revealed  sites  already  recorded  (Figure  30).  Grant  funds  that  could  be  matched  by  the 
City  of  Alachua  are  available  from  the  Bureau  of  Historic  Preservation,  Florida  Department  of 
State,  for  historic  resource  and  archaeological  surveys.  The  application  and  instructions, 
including  deadlines,  may  be  downloaded  as  a  Microsoft  Word  for  Windows  file.  The  address  is 
http://dhr.dos.  state,  fl.us/bhp/grants/grantapp.html. 


32 


Figure  29.  Survey  area  and  suggested  Historic  District  boundaries 


33 


# 

SITE  NAME 

TYPE 

STATUS 

1 

NN 

PREHISTORIC 

NEW 

2 

NN 

PREHISTORIC 

NEW 

3 

PECAN  BRANCH  FIELD 

UNKNOWN 

NEW 

4 

NN 

HISTORIC 

NEW 

5 

BURNETTS  LAKE 

PREHISTORIC/HISTORIC 

NEW 

6 

ALACHUA  FIELD 

PREHISTORIC 

NEW 

7 

NN 

PREHISTORIC 

NEW 

8 

NN 

PREHISTORIC 

NEW 

9 

FLINT  SINK 

PREHISTORIC 

NEW 

10 

BEVERLY  HILLS 

UNKNOWN 

NEW 

11 

NN 

PREHISTORIC 

NEW 

12 

MINERAL  SPRINGS 

PREHISTORIC 

NEW 

NN 

PREHISTORIC 

NEW 

13 

NN 

PREHISTORIC 

NEW 

NN 

PREHISTORIC 

NEW 

14 

NN 

PREHISTORIC 

NEW 

NN 

PREHISTORIC 

NEW 

NN 

PREHISTORIC 

NEW 

NN 

PREHISTORIC 

NEW 

HARG  RAVES 

ARCHAIC/PREHISTORIC 

NEW 

15 

CELLON  FENCE  LINE 

PREHISTORIC 

NEW 

CELLON 

ARCHAIC 

NEW 

NN 

ARCHAIC 

NEW 

TWIN  PONDS  SITE 

UNKNOWN 

NEW 

16 

NN 

ARCHAIC 

NEW 

17 

NN 

PREHISTORIC 

NEW 

18 

SAN  FELASCO  MOUND 

PREHISTORIC 

NEW 

I 

Source:  Florida  Department  of  State,  Division  of  Historical  Resources,  Florida  Master  Site  File, 
1991  and  1998 


Figure  30.  Sites  in  the  City  of  Alachua  previously  included  in  the  Florida  Site  File 


34 


When  the  full  survey  of  Alachua  is  completed,  it  would  also  be  appropriate  for  the  City 
to  apply  for  a  grant  to  educate  the  public  concerning  historic  preservation  and  the  history  of 
Alachua.  In  the  past  State  funds  have  financed  brochures  of  historic  districts.  A  walking  and 
driving  tour  brochure  would  be  helpful  for  school  children,  tourists,  and  the  general  public,  and 
would  strengthen  preservation  activities  in  the  City. 

Historic  Preservation  Ordinance 

The  single  most  effective  tool  necessary  to  protect  historic  structures  at  the  local  level  is 
the  passage  of  an  Historic  Preservation  ordinance  to  provide  the  regulatory  framework  necessary 
to  pursue  a  comprehensive  preservation  program.  Such  an  ordinance  would  create  an  Historic 
Preservation  Board  or  Architectural  Review  body  empowered  to  locally  designate  historic  sites, 
using  the  criteria  of  the  National  Register.  A  local  historic  register  is  more  effective  in  regulating 
alterations,  modifications  or  demolitions  than  the  National  Register,  which  is  more  of  an 
honorary  designation. 

Article  Eleven  of  the  City  of  Alachua  Comprehensive  Plan,  "Historic  Sites  and 
Structures  Preservation  Regulations,"  lays  out  the  framework  for  designating  landmarks, 
landmark  sites,  and  historic  districts.  Alachua  currently  designates  the  city's  Planning  and 
Zoning  Board  as  its  Historic  Preservation  Agency. 

The  Bureau  of  Historic  Preservation  in  Tallahassee  can  provide  technical  advice  and 
guidance  and  sample  ordinances.  In  addition,  the  Florida  Trust  for  Historic  Preservation,  a 
statewide  partner  of  the  National  Trust  for  Historic  Preservation,  presents  continuing  education 
workshops  on  a  number  of  timely  topics  including  the  art  of  writing  and  reading  preservation 
ordinances,  buying  and  selling  property  in  historic  neighborhoods,  and  documenting  historic 
buildings.  Visit  the  Florida  Trust's  website  at  www.floridatrast.org  for  dates,  venues,  and 
subjects  of  future  workshops. 

Educational  Programs 

Historic  preservation  creates  countless  educational  opportunities  for  schools,  community, 
and  the  visiting  public.  A  photographic  display  of  some  of  Alachua's  historic  buildings  has  been 
displayed  in  the  Alachua  Public  Library,  and  Mrs.  Courtney  Mitchell,  a  teacher  at  Mebane 
Middle  School,  has  worked  with  her  students  to  create  a  local  history  component  that  can  be 
accessed  on  the  internet.  A  walking  tour  organized  by  the  Alachua  County  Historical  Society  and 
led  by  local  residents  drew  a  large  and  enthusiastic  crowd  last  year.  There  are  many  other  ways 
that  the  knowledge  and  appreciation  of  the  past  can  be  shown.  Contests  of  art  or  photography 
that  focuses  on  historic  buildings  can  be  sponsored  for  students,  and  many  young  people  enjoy 
interviewing  pioneer  members  of  the  community  to  learn  about  the  way  things  were  "way  back 
when."  University  and  community  college  students  could  be  offered  an  opportunity  to 
participate  in  preservation  programs  through  internships,  research  and  fellowships. 

Tours  of  historic  homes  sponsored  by  local  organizations  are  popular  in  many 
communities  as  a  fund-raising  event  and  have  become  standbys  at  annual  cultural  and  heritage 
festivals.  Promotional  posters  and  walking-tour  brochures  are  valued  by  visitors  as  souvenirs. 
Plaques  on  homes  and  stores  that  record  dates  of  construction  and  names  of  the  early  owners 
recognize  pioneer  families  and  merchants.  Knowing  that  a  restaurant  was  once  a  funeral  parlor,  a 
grocery,  and  a  five-and- ten-cent  store,  as  the  Conestoga's  history  reveals,  intrigues  patrons,  as 
does  the  display  of  historic  photographs  and  a  thumbnail  sketch  of  the  building's  history. 


35 


Workshops  and  community  meetings  involving  the  restoration,  maintenance,  and 
interpretation  of  historic  buildings;  development  of  design  guidelines  for  alterations  and 
modifications  of  historic  buildings;  and  financial  incentives  available  to  property  owners  would 
provide  information  to  interested  individuals.  Banners  that  recognize  historic  buildings  for 
outstanding  renovation  or  restoration  or  for  continuing  care  and  maintenance  foster  pride  and 
encourage  others  to  follow  suit. 

Incentives  for  Historic  Preservation 

Federal  Protections  and  Incentives 

The  National  Historic  Preservation  Act  of  1966  declares  our  national  policy  of  historic 
preservation  and  provides  for  an  expanded  National  Register  program.  Section  106  of  this  act 
requires  that  all  projects  which  are  federally  funded  or  require  a  federal  license  or  permit  take 
into  account  the  potential  impact  of  the  project  upon  archaeological  sites,  historic  structures  or 
other  historic  resources  that  are  listed  or  eligible  for  listing  on  the  National  Register  of  Historic 
Places.  The  Advisory  Council  on  Historic  Preservation,  established  by  this  act,  reviews  the 
actions  under  Section  106  and  encourages  the  various  agencies  to  consider  measures  that  will 
protect  historic  properties.  The  Department  of  Transportation  Act  of  1966  mandates  a  national 
policy  that  special  efforts  be  made  to  preserve  historic  sites.  The  Tax  Reform  Act  of  1986 
provides  for  a  twenty  percent  federal  tax  credit  for  the  expenses  incurred  in  the  rehabilitation  of 
a  certified  income  producing  historic  structures.  In  order  to  qualify,  the  structures  must  be  listed 
on  the  National  Register  or  be  a  contributing  structure  to  a  National  Register  Historic  District. 

State  of  Florida  Incentives 

The  Historic  Preservation  Act  of  1966  was  amended  in  1980  to  create  the  Certified  Local 
Government  (CLG)  Program.  This  Act  established  a  means  by  which  local  governments  could 
create  an  Architectural  Review  Commission,  empowered  to  enforce  the  municipality's 
preservation  ordinance,  conduct  historic  site  surveys,  and  to  review  and  approve  all  National 
Register  nominations.  The  Commission  must  include  as  members  professionals  in  architecture, 
architectural  history,  and  history.  The  CLG  is  eligible  for  matching  grants  from  the  State 
Historic  Preservation  Office  to  carry  out  its  duties. 

The  Historic  Preservation  Trust  Fund  was  established  in  1983  as  a  depository  for 
legislated  funds,  and  as  a  result  of  continued  legislative  support,  the  State  of  Florida  is  currently 
one  of  the  largest  investors  in  historic  preservation  in  the  nation.  Grants  are  reviewed  by  the 
Florida  Historic  Preservation  Advisory  Council,  awarded  by  the  Secretary  of  State  and 
administered  by  the  Division  of  Historical  Resources,  Department  of  State.  In  three  annual  grant 
cycles,  funding  is  provided  for  acquisition  and  development,  survey  and  planning,  educational 
programs,  and  the  Main  Street  program.  Some  of  the  funds  are  distributed  through  a  50/50 
match  of  in-kind  services  and  cash.  Once  a  year,  Special  Category  funds  are  available  for  large 
scale  restoration  projects.  Units  of  government  and  registered  non-profit  organizations  are 
eligible  to  apply. 

Ad  Valorem  Tax  Relief  may  be  made  available  to  owners  of  historic  houses.  Florida  has 
passed  legislation  permitting  counties  to  offer  property  tax  abatement  to  property  owners  in 
historic  districts. 

The  Community  Redevelopment  Act  of  1969,  amended  in  1977,  was  established  to 


36 


improve  the  growing  problem  of  blighted  areas.  Tax  Increment  Financing  is  used  to  finance 
redevelopment  projects  such  as  those  that  have  already  been  implemented  on  Alachua's  Main 
Street.  Many  other  Florida  cities  and  towns  have  used  this  vehicle  to  improve  slums  and  blighted 
business  districts.  The  Florida  Main  Street  Program,  which  operates  under  the  Division  of 
Historical  Resources,  also  offers  incentives  for  the  revitalization  of  historic  commercial  districts. 
Stability  and  an  improved  local  tax  base,  as  well  as  protection  for  those  who  have  already 
invested  in  downtown,  are  the  payoffs  for  these  programs. 

Local  Historic  Preservation  Protection  and  Incentives 

In  the  early  1980s,  the  City  of  Alachua  took  the  first  steps  toward  developing  a 
Community  Redevelopment  Plan  addressing  the  Main  Street  area,  engaging  both  the  public  and 
private  sector.  This  plan  recognized  that  the  downtown  area  is  a  showcase  of  the  city's  past  and  a 
source  of  pride.  It  also  recognized  the  need  for  renovation  of  underutilized  or  empty  stores  and 
the  need  for  an  organized  effort  to  improve  the  appearance  of  the  street  and  provide  adequate 
parking.  A  Tax  Increment  Financing  District  was  proposed  to  fund  some  of  these  enhancements. 

The  Alachua  City  Commission  established  a  Community  Redevelopment  Agency  as 
authorized  by  Florida  Statutes,  Chapter  163,  Part  III  and  authorized  the  Alachua  Community 
Redevelopment  District  in  October  of  1998.  Ordinance  O-99-03  also  established  a  Downtown 
Redevelopment  Trust  Fund  and  named  the  six  members  of  the  Trust  Board  . 

Article  Eleven  of  the  City  of  Alachua  Land  Development  Regulations  refers  to  Historic 
Sites  and  Structures  Preservation  Regulations.  The  Planning  and  Zoning  Board  serves  as  the 
Historic  Preservation  Agency  in  matters  pertaining  to  the  alteration,  demolition,  relocation  and 
new  construction  of  historic  buildings,  including  the  procedures  for  applying  for  a  Certificate  of 
Appropriateness.  The  Agency  also  can  adopt  guidelines  for  changes  to  designated  properties  and 
is  empowered  to  recommend  the  designation  of  historic  districts  and  individual  landmarks  and 
landmark  sites. 

With  the  completion  of  this  survey  of  the  Downtown  Redevelopment  District,  the  City  of 
Alachua  has  taken  another  important  stride  in  its  plan  to  protect  its  historic  resources. 


NOTES 

1  Milanich,  Jerald  T.    "Hernando  de  Soto  and  the  Expedition  in  Florida"  Miscellaneous  Project 
Report  Number  32,  Florida  Museum  of  Natural  History,  August,  1988,  "Spanish  Missions  of 
Florida"  Miscellaneous  Project  Report  Number  39,  Florida  Museum  of  Natural  History, 
September  1988. 

2.  "  Newnansville  Cemetery,"  National  Register  Nomination,  1976;  F.  W.  Buchholz,  Alachua 
County,  Florida,  1929,  p.  59,  90,  108,  153, 

3.  Charles  Henry  "Carl"  Weber,  Eden  of  the  South,  p.  66-71 

4.  Jess  Davis,  History  of  Alachua  County,  p.  126. 


37 


5.  Gainesville  Daily  Sun.  10-20-1890,  8-23-1905;  Georgia,  Florida  and  Alabama  Business 
Directory,  1903. 

6.  Gainesville  Daily  Sun.  8-26-1903;  1-8-1905;  1-10-1905;  10-3-1905;  11-19-1911,  8-27-1912, 
6-19-1913;  Florida  State  Gazetteer  and  Business  Directory,  1 906- 1 907;  1 9 1 1  - 1 9 1 2 

7.  Sanborn  Maps,  Alachua,  1912,  1924,  interviews  with  many  pioneer  residents  of  Alachua 

8.  Great  Bowl  of  Alachua,  Gainesville:  Chamber  of  Commerce,  1926 

9.  Gainesville  Daily  Sun.  5-12-1930,  1-23-1931,  12-27-1931;  8-29-1935 

10.  Gainesville  Daily  Sun  7-4-1931,  7-31-1931,  "At  Copeland  Sausage,  They  Use  Everything 
but  the  Squeal,"  Gainesville  Sun,  1-17-76 

1 1 .  Virginia  and  Lee  McAlester,  A  Field  Guide  to  American  Houses,  p. 268. 

12.  McAlester,  p  454. 


38 


BIBLIOGRAPHY 

Alachua  County,  Florida.    Gainesville,  Chamber  of  Commerce,  1925. 

Buchholz,  F.  W.  History  of  Alachua  County .  St.  Augustine:  The  Record  Company,  1929. 

Davis,  Jess  G.  History  of  Alachua  County.  Gainesville:  Alachua  County  Historical  Society, 
1966. 

Georgia,  Florida,  and  Alabama  Business  Directory .  Washington,  DC:  State  Publishing 
Company,  1903. 

Great  Bowl  of  Alachua,  Gainesville:  Chamber  of  Commerce,  1926. 

McAlester,  Virginia,  and  Lee  McAlester.  A  Field  Guide  to  American  Houses.  New  York:  Knopf, 
1986. 

Milanich,  Jerald  T.    "Hernando  de  Soto  and  the  Expedition  in  Florida"  Miscellaneous  Project 
Report  Number  32,  Florida  Museum  of  Natural  History,  August,  1988. 

Milanich,  Jerald  T.    "Spanish  Missions  of  Florida"  Miscellaneous  Project  Report  Number  39, 
Florida  Museum  of  Natural  History,  September  1988. 

"Newnansville  Cemetery,"  National  Register  nomination,  1976 

Webber,  "Carl"  Charles  Henry.  The  Eden  of  the  South   New  York:  Leve  &  Alden's,  1883 


39 


APPENDIX  ONE 

Inventory  of  Survey  Sites 


Site  number 

Address 

Name 

Date 

AL3527 

14205  Main  Street 

cal930 

AL3528 

14213  Main  Street 

Stringer  House 

cal930 

AL3529 

14310  Main  Street 

VFW  Post  9229 

cal900 

AL3530 

14311  Main  Street 

Standard  Oil  Station 

cal930 

AL3531 

14320  Main  Street 

Enneis  Motor  Company 

ca!900 

AL3532 

14507  Main  Street 

Masonic  Ldg/Williams  Store  cal900 

AL3533 

14515  Main  Street 

Eddy  Store 

cal900 

AL3534 

14520  Main  Street 

Old  Cigar  Factory 

cal900 

AL3535 

14521  Main  Street 

Sealey  Dry  Goods 

cal900 

AL3536 

14525  Main  Street 

Sealey  Dry  Goods 

cal900 

AL3537 

14545  Main  Street 

Sealey  Dry  Goods 

cal900 

AL3538 

14565  Main  Street 

Alachua  Womans  Club 

cal938 

AL3539 

14603  Main  Street 

Williams-LeRoy  House 

1901 

AL3540 

14616  Main  Street 

Futch  House 

cal900 

AL3541 

14617  Main  Street 

David  Waters  House 

cal900 

AL3542 

14705  Main  Street 

Stephens  House 

1910 

AL3543 

14706  Main  Street 

Bank  of  Alachua 

1904 

AL3544 

14712  Main  Street 

Annie  Turner  House 

cal900 

AL3545 

14713  Main  Street 

Pierce-Bishop  House 

1898 

AL3546 

14720  Main  Street 

Thigpen  House 

1920 

AL3547 

14721  Main  Street 

Dr.  Goode's  Office 

1948 

AL3548 

14815  Main  Street 

Old  Produce  Packing  Shed 

cal930 

AL3549 

14822  Main  Street 

Stringfellow  Building 

cal900 

AL3550 

14823  Main  Street 

Consignment  Shop 

cal900 

AL3551 

14827  Main  Street 

Main  Street  Equipment 

cal900 

AL3552 

14830  Main  Street 

Deer  Stand 

cal900 

AL3553 

14838  Main  Street 

Ace  Hardware 

cal900 

AL3554 

14839  Main  Street 

Bejano  Furniture 

cal900 

AL3555 

14841  Main  Street 

The  Connection 

cal900 

AL3556 

14844  Main  Street 

Direct  Mail  Services 

cal900 

AL3557 

14850  Main  Street 

Old  First  National  Bank 

1909 

AL3558 

14856  Main  Street 

Elite  Consignment 

1909 

AL3559 

14862  Main  Street 

Burch  Antiques 

1909 

AL3560 

14874  Main  Street 

Garden  Gazebo 

cal910 

AL3561 

14900  Main  Street 

Old  Movie  Theater 

cal910 

AL3562 

14906  Main  Street 

Alachua  Design  Printing 

cal900 

AL3563 

14920  Main  Street 

Karate 

cal900 

AL3564 

14925  Main  Street 

Book  Store 

1898 

AL3565 

14933  Main  Street 

Allstate  Insurance 

1898 

40 


AL3566 

14940  Main  Street 

Conestoga  Restaurant 

cal900 

AL3567 

14952  Main  Street 

Santa  Fe  Hair  Design 

cal920 

AL3568 

14960  Main  Street 

Texas  Pete 

1920 

AL3569 

15005  Main  Street 

Old  Enneis  Motor  Co. 

cal923 

AL3570 

15310  Main  Street 

cal945 

AL3571 

15316  Main  Street 

Dr.  Bagwell  House 

cal935 

AL3572 

15320  Main  Street 

cal930 

AL3573 

14009  Peggy  Road 

cal930 

AL3574 

14405  Peggy  Road 

Florida  Machinery  Service 

cal935 

AL3575 

14502  NW  138  Terrace 

1945 

AL3576 

14521  NW  138  Terrace 

McCoy-Pettit  House 

1935 

AL3577 

14623  NW  140  Street 

Presbyterian  Church 

1952 

AL3578 

14706  NW  140  Street 

McCann  House 

cal900 

AL3579 

14902  NW  140  Street 

Hinkelman  House 

cal929 

A13580 

14707  NW  140  Street 

Bell-Rist  House 

cal900 

AL3581 

14805  NW  140  Street 

Alachua  Methodist  Church 

1912 

AL3582 

14804  NW  140  Street 

Pearson-Braswell  House 

cal900 

AL3583 

14818  NW  140  Street 

Bob  Wells  House 

1941 

AL3584 

14819  NW  140  Street 

Traxler  House 

1929 

AL3585 

14825  NW  140  Street 

Swick  Realty 

1929 

AL3586 

14816  NW  140  Street 

H.M.  Harris  House 

1935 

AL3587 

14212  NW  142  Terrace 

cal930 

AL3588 

14402  NW  142  Terrace 

Langford  House 

cal920 

AL3589 

14410  NW  142  Terrace 

Eddy  House 

cal930 

AL3590 

14520  NW  142  Terrace 

D.  S.  Waters  House 

cal920 

AL3591 

14609  NW  142  Terrace 

1929 

AL3592 

14707  NW  142  Terrace 

Turner  House 

1947 

AL3693 

14710  NW  142  Terrace 

Wheeler  House 

1938 

AL3694 

14722  NW  142  Terrace 

E.D.  Hague  House 

1920 

AL3695 

14723  NW  142  Terrace 

Dr.  Goode  House 

1945 

AL3596 

14801  NW  142  Terrace 

Carl  Williams  House 

cal939 

AL3597 

14806  NW  142  Terrace 

Futch-Stephens  House 

cal920 

AL3598 

14919  NW  142  Terrace 

Alachua  Child  Care 

cal930 

AL3599 

13820  NW  143  Place 

1940 

AL3600 

14106  NW  143  Place 

1935 

AL3601 

14109  NW  143  Place 

Cato  House 

1920 

AL3602 

14502  NW  143  Place 

1927 

AL3603 

14321  NW  144  Place 

cal940 

AL3604 

14409  NW  144  Place 

Duke  House 

1929 

AL3605 

14412  NW  144  Place 

1942 

AL3606 

14508  NW  144  Place 

1942 

AL3607 

14602  NW  144  Street 

1929 

AL3608 

14611  NW  144  Street 

Palmer  House 

1935 

AL3609 

14620  NW  144  Street 

Loften-Duke  House 

1926 

41 


AL3610 

14630  NW  144  Street 

Enneis  House 

1930 

AL3611 

14708  NW  144  Street 

Lyman  House 

1920 

AL3612 

14717  NW  144  Street 

Fugate  House 

cal900 

AL3613 

14810  NW  144  Street 

Dell-Dansby  House 

cal900 

AL3614 

14906  NW  144  Street 

Leland  Waters  House 

1915 

AL3615 

14915  NW  144  Street 

Mott-Reaves  House 

1935 

AL3616 

14206  NW  145  Avenue 

cal930 

AL3617 

14323  NW  145  Avenue 

1937 

AL3618 

14403  NW  145  Avenue 

R.  L.  Wood  House 

1915 

AL3619 

14417  NW  145  Avenue 

Dr.  Dale  House 

1942 

AL3620 

14412  NW  145  Avenue 

Minister's  House 

1928 

AL3621 

14421  NW  145  Avenue 

Church  of  Christ 

1921 

AL3622 

13626  NW  146  Avenue 

1940s 

AL3623 

13917  NW  146  Avenue 

J.  Walker  House 

cal920 

AL3624 

13921  NW  146  Avenue 

Ernest  Spencer  House 

cal930 

AL3625 

14109  NW  146  Avenue 

Waters-Powell  House 

cal930 

AL3626 

14204  NW  146  Avenue 

Sealey  House 

1910 

AL3627 

14216  NW  146  Avenue 

McCullough  House 

1929 

AL3628 

14319  NW  146  Avenue 

Dew  House 

1929 

AL3629 

14405  NW  146  Avenue 

Joseph  Fugate  House 

1930 

AL3630 

14013  NW  147  Avenue 

Williams-Enneis  House 

1925 

AL3631 

14109  NW  147  Avenue 

1935 

AL3632 

14205  NW  147  Avenue 

1935 

AL3633 

14211-17  NW  147  Ave. 

1944 

AL3634 

14304  NW  147  Avenue 

C.B.  Waters  House 

1920 

AL3635 

13707  NW  148  Place 

Old  Methodist  Parsonage 

1911 

AL3636 

13715  NW  148  Place 

Jeffcoat-hague  House 

1939 

AL3637 

13805  NW  148  Place 

Hague  House 

1929 

AL3638 

13903  NW  148  Place 

Harrison- Johnson  House 

1920 

AL3639 

14203  NW  148  Place 

cal935 

AL3640 

14209  NW  148  Place 

Williams-Harrison  House 

cal900 

AL3641 

14305  NW  148  Place 

Woodard  House 

1945 

AL3648 

14308  NW  148  Place 

Emeiy  Williams  House 

1928 

AL3649 

14404  NW  148  Place 

Charlie  Waters  House 

1915 

AL3650 

14416  NW  148  Place 

Baldwin  House 

1915 

AL3651 

14712  NW  148  Place 

A.  J.  Williams  House 

1929 

AL3652 

14115  NW  150  Avenue 

Dixon  House 

1935 

42 


APPENDIX  TWO 

Legal  Description  of  Downtown  Redevelopment  District 

DOWNTOWN  REDEVELOPMENT  DISTRICT-CITY  OF  ALACHUA 

LEGAL  DESCRIPTION: 

BEGINNING  AT  THE  INTERSECTION  OF  N.W.  142nd  TERRACE  AND  U.S.  HIGHWAY  NO.  441 
AND  PROCEED  SOUTH  ALONG  N.W.  142nd  TERRACE  TO  N.W.  150th  AVENUE;  THENCE  WEST 
ON  N.W.  150th  AVENUE  TO  N.W.  145th  TERRACE;  THENCE  SOUTH  ON  N.W.  145th  TERRACE  TO 
N.W.  142nd  AVENUE;  THENCE  EAST  ON  N.W.  142nd  AVENUE  TO  NW  138th  STREET;  THENCE 
NORTH  ON  NW  138th  STREET  TO  THE  SOUTH  BOUNDARY  LINE  OF  BLOCK  44  OF  CLARKS 
FIRST  ADDITION  TO  ALACHUA  (PLAT  BOOK  A,  PAGE  108),  THENCE  EAST  ALONG  SAID 
SOUTH  BOUNDARY  LINE  OF  BLOCK  44  TO  NW  137th  TERRACE;  THENCE  NORTH  ON  NW  137th 
TERRACE  TO  ITS  END  AT  THE  SOUTH  LINE  OF  THE  ABANDONED  ATLANTIC  COASTLINE 
RAILROAD;  THENCE  WEST  ALONG  SAID  SOUTH  LINE  OF  THE  ABANDONED  ATLANTIC 
COASTLPNE  RAILROAD  TO  THE  BEGINNING  OF  NW  137th  TERRACE  RUNNING  NORTH; 
THENCE  NORTH  ON  NW  137th  TERRACE  TO  U.S.  HIGHWAY  NO.  441 ;  THENCE  WEST  ON  U.S. 
HIGHWAY  NO.  441  TO  THE  POPNT  OF  BEGINNING. 

EXCEPT  FOR  THE  FOLLOWING  PARCELS: 

A)  THE  WEST  Vz  OF  BLOCK  I  OF  C.A.  WILLIAMS  ADDITION  TO  THE  CITY  OF 
ALACHUA  AS  PER  PLAT  BOOK  "C,  PAGE  79B  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF 

ALACHUA  COUNTY,  ALSO  KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCELS  3782-1,  3782-2,  3782-3,  3782,  3784-1,  3784, 
AND  3783. 

B)  THE  WEST  Vz  OF  BLOCK  4  OF  C.A.  WILLIAMS  ADDITION  TO  THE  CITY  OF 
ALACHUA  AS  PER  PLAT  BOOK  -C,  PAGE  79B  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF 

ALACHUA  COUNTY,  FLORIDA,  ALSO  KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCELS  3792-3,  3792,  3794-2,  3794-1, 
3795,  AND  3794. 

C)  THE  WEST  Vi  OF  BLOCK  5  OF  C.A.  WILLIAMS  ADDITION  TO  THE  CITY  OF 
ALACHUA  AS  PER  PLAT  BOOK  C",  PAGE  79B  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF 

ALACHUA  COUNTY,  FLORIDA,  ALSO  KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCELS  3799,  3801-1,  3802,  AND  3801. 

D)  LOTS  6  AND  7  AND  THE  WEST  Vz  OF  LOT  5,  BLOCK  8  OF  C.A.  WILLIAMS  ADDITION  TO 
THE  CITY  OF  ALACHUA  AS  PER  PLAT  BOOK  "C",  PAGE  79B  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF 
ALACHUA  COUNTY,  FLORIDA,  ALSO  KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCEL  3815. 

D)  LOTS  19,  20,  2  1 ,  AND  22,  BLOCK  I  OF  WOODS  SUBDIVISION  AS  PER  PLAT  BOOK  "B", 
PAGE  60  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF  ALACHUA  COUNTY,  FLORIDA,  KNOWN  AS  TAX 
PARCELS  3825  AND  3826. 

E)  LOTS  17,  18,  19, 20, 21,  22,  23,  AND  24,  BLOCK  6  OF  LYNWOOD  PARK  AS  PER  PLAT  BOOK 
B',  PAGE  73  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF  ALACHUA  COUNTY,  FLORIDA,  KNOWN  AS  TAX 
PARCELS  3846  AND  3884-1. 

F)  LOT  3,  BLOCK  18  OF  TOMPSETTS  ADDITION  TO  ALACHUA  AS  PER  PLAT  BOOK  -A',  PAGE 
68  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF  ALACHUA  COUNTY,  FLORIDA  KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCEL 
3721. 

43 


G)    THE  WEST  70  FEET  OF  THE  SOUTH  90  FEET  OF  LOT  4,  BLOCK  4  OF  OLMSTEAD'S  SURVEY 
OF  THE  CITY  OF  ALACHUA  AS  PER  PLAT  BOOK  C,  PAGE  79B  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF 
ALACHUA  COUNTY,  FLORIDA,  KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCEL  3643-4 

H)    LOTS  10,  H,  AND  12  BLOCK  1 1  OF  TOMPSETTS  ADDITION  TO  ALACHUA  AS  PER  PLAT 
BOOK  A,  PAGE  68  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF  ALACHUA 
COUNTY,  FLORIDA  KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCEL  3692 

I)    LOTS  8  AND  9  BLOCK  2 1  OF  TOMPSETTS  ADDITION  TO  ALACHUA  AS  PER 
PLAT  BOOK  "A",  PAGE  68  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF  ALACHUA  COUNTY, 
FLORIDA  KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCEL  3742-1 

J)   THE  NORTH  25  FEET  OF  THE  SOUTH  60  FEET  OF  THE  WEST  150  FEET  OF  BLOCK  12  OF 
TOMPSETTS  ADDITION  TO  ALACHUA  AS  PER  PLAT  BOOK  "A",  PAGE  68  OF  THE  PUBLIC 
RECORDS  OF  ALACHUA  COUNTY,  FLORIDA  KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCEL  3695 
K)   BEGINNING  AT  THE  S.W.  CORNER  OF  LOT  2,  BLOCK  I  OF  OLMSTEADS  SURVEY  AS  PER 
PLAT  BOOK  "C",  PAGE  79B  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF  ALACHUA  COUNTY,  FLORIDA  AND 
RUN  EAST  144  FEET,  THENCE  NORTH  100  FEET;  THENCE  WEST  62  FEET;  THENCE  SOUTH  73 
FEET;  THENCE  WEST  82  FEET;  THENCE  SOUTH  27  FEET  TO  POINT  OF  BEGINNING,  KNOWN  AS 
TAX  PARCEL  3610-1 

L)    LOTS  8, 9  AND  THE  SOUTH  10  FEET  OF  LOT  7  BLOCK  37  OF  CLARK'S  FIRST  ADDITION  TO 
ALACHUA  AS  PER  PLAT  BOOK  H  A",  PAGE  108  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF  ALACHUA 
COUNTY,  FLORIDA  KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCEL  3434-3 

M)    THAT  PART  OF  THE  ABANDONED  ATLANTIC  COASTLINE  RAILROAD  (200  FOOT  RIGHT 
OF  WAY)  LOCATED  NORTH  OF  BLOCK  37  OF  CLARKS'S  FIRST  ADDITION  TO  ALACHUA  (PLAT 
BOOK  'A,  PAGE  108),  SOUTH  OF  U.S.  HIGHWAY  NO.  441,  EAST  OF  NW  140th  STREET  AND 
WEST  OF  THE  LANDS  OWNED  BY  WENDELL  LEWIS  AND  A  NORTHERLY  PROJECTION  OF  THE 
WEST  LINE  OF  SAID  LANDS  OWNED  BY  WENDELL  LEWIS,  KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCEL  3376 
N)   LOTS  12,  13,  AND  14  BLOCK  32  OF  CLARKS  FIRST  ADDITION  TO  ALACHUA  AS  PER  PLAT 
BOOK  "A",  PAGE  108  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF  ALACHUA  COUNTY,  FLORIDA  KNOWN  AS 
TAX  PARCEL  3392-1 

0)   LOT  3  BLOCK  30  OF  CLARKS  FIRST  ADDITION  TO  ALACHUA  AS  PER  PLAT 
BOOK  A',  PAGE  108  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF  ALACHUA  COUNTY,  FLORIDA  KNOWN  AS 
TAX  PARCEL  3385-2 

P)    LOTS  1,2,  AND  THE  EAST  28.32  FEET  OF  LOT  3  BLOCK  28  OF  TOMPSETTS  SURVEY  AS  PER 
PLAT  BOOK  C,  PAGES  79B  AND  79C  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF  ALACHUA  COUNTY, 
FLORIDA  KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCEL  3428 

Q)   THE  EAST  100  FEET  OF  BLOCK  44  OF  CLARKS  FIRST  ADDITION  TO  ALACHUA  AS  PER 
PLAT  BOOK  'A,  PAGE  108  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF  ALACHUA  COUNTY,  FLORIDA 
KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCELS  3438-1  AND  3438-2. 

R)    THE  EAST  Vz  OF  BLOCK  43  OF  CLARKS  FIRST  ADDITION  TO  ALACHUA  AS  PER  PLAT 
BOOK  A,  PAGE  108  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF  ALACHUA  COUNTY,  FLORIDA,  KNOWN  AS 
TAX  PARCELS  3436  AND  3436-1 

S)   LOTS  1,  2,  3, 4,  13,  14,  15,  AND  16  BLOCK  42  AND  THE  SOUTH  Vz  OF  THE  CLOSED  STREET 
LOCATED  IMMEDIATELY  NORTH  OF  LOTS  1, 2,  3,  AND  4  OF  CLARKS  FIRST  ADDITION  TO 
ALACHUA  AS  PER  PLAT  BOOK  A ",  PAGE  108  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF  ALACHUA 
COUNTY,  FLORIDA,  KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCEL  3420 

T)   THAT  CERTAIN  PARCEL  OF  LAND  LOCATED  AT  THE  SOUTHWEST  CORNER  OF  THE 
INTERSECTION  OF  NW  137th  TERRACE  AND  U.S.  HIGHWAY  NO.  441  BEING  LEASED  BY  LEWIS 
OIL  COMPANY  FROM  BLANCHE  LEROY  LEASE  RECORDED  IN  OFFICIAL  RECORD  BOOK  1600, 
PAGE  1413  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF  ALACHUA  COUNTY,  FLORIDA  KNOWN  AS  TAX 


44 


PARCEL  3367-1 

U)  Commence  at  the  intersection  of  the  Southerly  right  of  way  line  of  the  abandoned  Atlantic  Coastline 
Railroad  with  the  Westerly  line  of  Block  19  of  Downings  Addition  to  the  City  of  Alachua,  as  per  plat 
recorded  in  Plat  Book  "C",  pages  79,  79 A,  79B,  and  79C  of  the  public  records  of  Alachua  County,  Florida 
for  the  point  of  reference  and  run  S.55'56'00"E.,  along  said  Southerly  right  of  way  line,  a  distance  of  10.02 
feet  to  a  concrete  monument  on  the  Easterly  right  of  way  line  of  NW  1st  Street  and  the  True  Point  of 
Beginning;  thence  continue  S.55'56'00"E.,  along  said  Southerly  right  of  way  line,  a  distance  of  208.17  feet 
to  a  steel  rod  and  cap;  thence  run  N.33'38'30"E.,  a  distance  of  172.51  feet  to  a  steel  rod  and  cap  on  the 
Southerly  right  of  way  line  of  State  Road  No.  25  (A.K.A.  U.S.  Highway  No.  441);  thence  run 
N.55'56'00'W. ,  along  said  Southerly  right  of  way  line,  a  distance  of  28 1 .79  feet  to  a  concrete  monument  at 
the  beginning  of  a  curve  concave  Southeasterly,  said  curve  having  a  radius  of  27.53  feet;  thence  run 
Southwesterly,  with  said  curve,  through  an  arc  angle  of  127'02'15'  an  arc  distance  of  61.04  feet  (chord 
bearing  and  distance  of  S.60032'33*W.,  49.29  feet  respectively)  to  a  concrete  monument  at  the  end  of  said 
curve,  thence  run  S.02'58'15"E.,  along  the  aforementioned  Easterly  right  of  way  line  of  NW  1st  Street,  a 
distance  of  160.83  feet  to  the  True  Point  of  Beginning,  containing  1.063  acres  more  or  less,  known  as  tax 
parcel  3595-200-1. 

END  OF  EXCLUDED  PARCELS 

ALSO: 

THAT  PART  OF  THE  ABANDONED  ATLANTIC  COAST  LINE  RAILROAD  RIGHT  OF  WAY 
LOCATED  NORTH  OF  AND  ADJACENT  TO  CLARKS  SECOND  ADDITION  TO  ALACHUA  BEING 
125  FEET  NORTH  AND  SOUTH  MEASUREMENT  AND  652.70  FEET  EAST  AND  WEST 
MEASUREMENT  BEING  OWNED  BY  THE  STATE  OF  FLORIDA  AND  USED  AS  A  DEPARTMENT 
OF  TRANSPORTATION  STORMWATER  DRAINAGE  BASIN,  KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCEL  3376-1 

ALSO: 

THAT  CERTAIN  PARCEL  OF  LAND  BEING  BOUNDED  ON  THE  EAST  BY  NW  142nd  TERRACE, 
BOUNDED  ON  THE  SOUTH  BY  NW  150th  AVENUE,  BOUNDED  ON  THE  NORTH  BY  U.S. 
HIGHWAY  NO.  441,  AND  BOUNDED  ON  THE  WEST  BY  THE  NORTHERLY  PROJECTION  OF  NW 
145th  TERRACE,  LESS  THAT  PART  CONTAINED  WITHIN  THE  STATE  OF  FLORIDA  DRAINAGE 
BASIN,  KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCEL  3605-1 

ALSO: 

COMMENCE  295.4  FEET  NORTH  OF  THE  SOUTHWEST  CORNER  OF  THE  S.E.  1/4  OF  THE  S.E.  1/4 
OF  SECTION  15,  TOWNSHIP  8  SOUTH,  RANGE  18  EAST,  ALACHUA  COUNTY,  FLORIDA  BEING 
ON  THE  NORTH  SIDE  OF  THE  RAILROAD  RIGHT  OF  WAY;  THENCE  SOUTHWESTERLY  ALONG 
SAID  RAILROAD  RIGHT  OF  WAY,  A  DISTANCE  OF  360  FEET  TO  THE  POINT  OF  BEGINNING; 
THENCE  CONTINUE  SOUTHWESTERLY,  ALONG  SAID  RAILROAD  RIGHT  OF  WAY,  A 
DISTANCE  OF  420  FEET;  THENCE  N.35W.,  A  DISTANCE  OF  267.12  FEET  TO  THE  SOUTH  RIGHT 
OF  WAY  LINE  OF  SEABOARD  AIRLINE  RAILROAD;  THENCE  NORTHEASTERLY,  ALONG  SAID 
RIGHT  OF  WAY  LINE,  A  DISTANCE  OF  410. 18  FEET;  THENCE  S.35'E.,  A  DISTANCE  OF  140. 1 
FEET  TO  THE  POINT  OF  BEGINNING.  KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCEL  3535-3. 

ALSO: 


45 


BEGINNING  AT  THE  INTERSECTION  NW  154th  PLACE  AND  U.S.  HIGHWAY  NO. 
441  AND  PROCEED  EAST  ON  NW  154th  PLACE  TO  NW  142nd  TERRACE; 
THENCE  SOUTH  ON  NW  142nd  TERRACE  TO  NW  154th  AVENUE;  THENCE 

EAST  ON  NW  154th  AVENUE  TO  NW  141st  STREET;  THENCE  SOUTH  ON  NW  141st  STREET  TO 
NW  152nd  PLACE;  THENCE  EAST  ON  NW  152nd  PLACE  TO  NW  140th  STREET;  THENCE  SOUTH 
ON  NW  140th  STREET  TO  U.S.  HIGHWAY  NO.  441;  THENCE  WEST  ON  U.S.  HIGHWAY  NO.  441 
TO  THE  POINT  OF  BEGINNING. 

EXCEPT  FOR  THE  FOLLOWING  PARCELS: 

A) 

LOTS  15  AND  16  BLOCK  9  OF  GUINN,  WILLIAMS,  AND  REEVES  ADDITION  TO  ALACHUA  AS 
PER  PLAT  BOOK  C,  PAGE  79A  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF  ALACHUA  COUNTY,  FLORIDA 
KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCELS  3584  AND  3584-1  B)  LOT  2  AND  THE  NORTH  Vz  OF  LOT  3  BLOCK  14 
OF  GUINN,  WILLIAMS,  AND  REEVES  ADDITION  AS  PER  PLAT  BOOK  "C",  PAGE  79A  OF  THE 
PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF  ALACHUA  COUNTY,  FLORIDA  KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCEL  3591  C)  THAT 
PART  OF  LOT  I  BLOCK  14  OF  GUINN,  WILLIAMS,  AND  REEVES  ADDITION  AS  PER  PLAT  BOOK 
"C",  PAGE  79A  OF  THE  PUBLIC  RECORDS  OF  ALACHUA  COUNTY,  FLORIDA  NOT  PREVIOUSLY 
DEEDED  OUT  TO  JOIN  WITH  LAND  IMMEDIATELY  TO  THE  SOUTH,  KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCEL 
3591-1  END  OF  EXCLUDED  PARCELS 

ALSO: 

COMMENCE  AT  THE  NORTHWEST  CORNER  OF  SECTION  14,  TOWNSHIP  8  SOUTH,  RANGE  18 
EAST,  ALACHUA  COUNTY,  FLORIDA  FOR  THE  POINT  OF  REFERENCE  AND  RUN  S.00054WE., 
ALONG  THE  WEST  LINE  OF  SAID  SECTION  14,  A  DISTANCE  OF  2201.84  FEET  TO  THE 
INTERSECTION  OF  SAID  WEST  LINE  WITH  THE  NORTHERLY  RIGHT  OF  WAY  LINE  OF  THE 
ATLANTIC  COASTLINE  HIGH  SPRINGS  TO  ROCHET  IE  TRACK  (A.K.A.  ABANDONED 
SEABOARD  COASTLINE  RAILROAD);  THENCE  RUN  S.54'00'00"E.,  A  DISTANCE  OF  129.00  FEET; 
THENCE  RUN  N.36'00'00E.,  A  DISTANCE  OF  89.99  FEET  TO  A  CONCRETE  MONUMENT  ON  THE 
NORTHERLY  RIGHT  OF  WAY  LINE  OF  U.S.  HIGHWAY  NO.  441  AND  THE  TRUE  POINT  OF 
BEGINNING;  THENCE  CONTINUE  N.36'00'00,E.,  A  DISTANCE  OF  222.01  FEET  TO  A  CONCRETE 
MONUMENT;  THENCE  RUN  N.54'00'00"W.,  A  DISTANCE  OF  170.34  FEET  TO  A  STEEL  ROD  AND 
CAP;  THENCE  RUN  S.83024WW.,  A  DISTANCE  1 14.62  FEET  TO  A  DRILL  HOLE  IN  CONCRETE 
ON  THE  EAST  RIGHT  OF  WAY  LINE  OF  STATE  ROAD  NO.  235;  THENCE  RUN  S.00054'00"E., 
ALONG  SAID  EAST  RIGHT  OF  WAY  LINE,  A  DISTANCE  OF  197.61  FEET  TO  A  DRILL  HOLE  IN 
CONCRETE  ON  THE  AFOREMENTIONED  NORTHERLY  RIGHT  OF  WAY  LINE  OF  U.S.  HIGHWAY 
NO.  441 ;  THENCE  RUN  SOUTHEASTERLY,  ALONG  SAID  RIGHT  OF  WAY  LINE  WITH  A  CURVE 
CONCAVE  NORTHEASTERLY,  SAID  CURVE  HAVING  A  RADIUS  OF  3480.83  FEET  THROUGH 
AN  ARC  ANGLE  OF  02015'03",  AN  ARC  DISTANCE  OF 

136.74  FEET  (CHORD  BEARING  AND  DISTANCE  OF  S.59-4223-E.,  136.73  FEET 
RESPECTIVELY)  TO  THE  TRUE  POINT  OF  BEGINNING,  CONTAINING  46,439 
SQUARE  FEET  MORE  OR  LESS.  KNOWN  AS  TAX  PARCEL  3226-1 


46 


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